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1April 2nd, 2025
Update on Development of
Santa Rosa EV Masterplan
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PROJECT TEAM
Organization Staff Member Title
Peter Martin Deputy Director, Water Resources
Madee Brandt Sustainability Representative
Consultant
Infrastructure, Financials, Resiliency
Brent Johnson Vice President
Arthur Tseng Project Manager
Andrew Meyer Data Analyst
Subconsultant
Fleet, Energy Analysis
Aaron Wright Project Manager
Maddie Henderson Data Analyst
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PROJECT BACKGROUND
• Council Work Plan FY 2023/24: Initiate development of City-wide Fleet Electrification Master Plan
• Development of RFP and Award in April 2024
• Obtained $210,000 grant from Federal Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Program, remainder from one-time general funds
• Water Department is Project Manager, teams from fleet services and all operational departments are supporting
• Council Work Plan FY 2024/25: Complete City-wide Fleet Electrification Master Plan
• Anticipate final report in July 2025
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PROJECT BACKGROUND
GOALS
• A roadmap to compliance with
State Advanced Clean Fleet
Regulations
• Strategy for continuity of fleet
operations, city services
• Establish priority of integration
with city-owned facilities
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ZEV LOCAL FLEET REGULATIONS
• California Advanced Clean Car II
- Class 1-2A vehicles (<8,500 lbs)
- Regulates sellers
- From 2026, increasing % of vehicles sold by
dealers must be ZEV
• California Advanced Clean Fleet (ACF)
- Class 2B+ vehicles (>8,501 lbs)
- Regulates local and state government fleets
- Federal and Private fleets no longer included
- Some exemptions
Timeline Percent ZEV Purchase
From January 1, 2024 50%
From January 1, 2027 100%
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CITY OF SANTA ROSA FLEET VEHICLES
• 383 Total Vehicles
- Santa Rosa Water – 45%
- General Funded Departments – 55%
• 17 Locations
• 7 City Departments
• 93% of vehicles reside at 7 locations
Pickup, 169
SUV, 67
Truck, 57
Van, 30
Sedan, 19
Utility Vehicle, 14
Roller, 7 Other, 16
Vehicle by Type
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PURCHASE SCHEDULE ASSUMPTIONS
• Vehicles are replaced at the end of their planned
service life
• Overdue replacements are spread over the first 4
years of the transition
• EVs are purchased if a feasible AND suitable model
is available
• Cap of $10M annually, not adjusted for inflation
Replacements Costs
• EV cost reference current market prices
• EVs that are not commercially available
are assumed to be 2.5x the price of their
ICE counterparts in 2025
• Costs projected to the future based on
International Council on Clean
Transportation studies (graph below)
ACF 2025-2026 2027
Onward
EV % 50% 100%
Source: ICCT
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ACF COMPLIANCE REALIZATION CHALLENGES
Mismatch between vehicles that CARB
considers available as an EV and those
that Santa Rosa may consider suitable as
an EV.
1 CARB Exempt Vehicles List
8 Santa Rosa considers ¾, 1,
1.5-ton EV pickups not
available in 2025 since they
aren’t commercially sold
CARB considers those EVs
available because EV van
chassis can be upfit with
pickup truck body styles.
1 CARB granted categorical exemption
to very few vehicle types
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DELTA TO ACF COMPLIANCE IN CURRENT PLAN
• From 2025-2029, there are 151
planned ACF-regulated purchases.
• 100 are purchased as ICE
vehicles
- 78 are ¾ - 1 ½ ton pickups where no
equivalent EV model is available
- 22 are medium or heavy trucks (e.g.,
Work Trucks, Tanker Trucks, Sewer
Jetters) that are not purchased as EV
due to availability and cost
Purchases of ACF-regulated
vehicles
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
ACF
Option 1
ZEV Purchase
Requirement 50% 100%
ACF – Non-
Exempt
Fleet
Electric Purchases 3 4 8 31 2 24
ICE Purchases 35 35 7 9 10 0
Percent Electric
Purchases 8% 10% 53% 78% 17% 100%
ACF –
Short Term
Exempt
Fleet
Electric Purchases 0 0 0 1 2 0
ICE Purchases 1 0 3 0 0 0
Percent Electric
Purchases 0% --* 0%* 100% 100% --
* Will need to re-evaluate annually to confirm vehicles are still in short term exemption list 9 NV5.COM | Delivering Solutions — Improving Lives
RESULTS – EV ADOPTION TREND
10%
17%
28%
40% 41%
49%
56% 58% 62% 66%
80%
87% 90%
96% 99% 100%
0 50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
2025 2028 2031 2034 2037 2040
EV Fleet Composition from 2025 to 2040
EVs ICE
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RESULTS – EV CHARGERS
• Level 2 chargers providing up to
16.6kW is sufficient for most
operational needs.
• Level 3 chargers needed for
larger vehicles with bigger energy
demand.
11 0
20 40
60 80
100
120
L1 - 1kW L2 - 16.6kW L3 - 30kW L3 - 60kW
Chargers Added by Phase and Totals
2035
2030
2027
27 109
69 2
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EXAMPLE RESULTS – EV CHARGER
LAYOUT AT MSC NORTH
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FUEL TRANSITION
• Energy consumption decreased by 63% by 2040
• Fossil fuel consumption eliminated by 2040
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
Annual Fuel Cost
Electricity Gasoline Diesel Propane Baseline
0 50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000Fuel (GGE)
Annual Fuel Consumption
(Gasoline Gallon Equivalent)
Electricity Gasoline Diesel Propane Baseline Total
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RESULTS – ALL-IN EV ADOPTION COST
Incentives
Included Not Included
PG&E EV Fleet
($0.5 million)
Inflation Reduction
Act
($2.4 million)
Communities in
Charge
($0.4 million)
Incentives from
BAAQMD, Sonoma
Clean Power, HVIP
Nominal Cost Increase of $38 million
EV: $28 million
EVSE: $10 million
14 $0
$3,000,000
$6,000,000
$9,000,000
$12,000,000
$15,000,000
Annual All-In Cost (CapEx and OpEx)
EVSE Incremental Cost
EV Incremental Cost
Business as Usual
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SUBCOMMITTEE INPUT
• Funding Options and Opportunities
• ACF Compliance Options
- Delay purchases
- Pursue exemptions
- Buy equivalents
• Capital Options for Charging
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POTENTIAL FUNDING
OPPORTUNITIES?
Source Funding Name Estimated Amount Notes
PG&E EV Fleet $478,000 • Most achievable incentive program. • Applications stay open until June 2026.
California Energy
Commission
Communities in
Charge $383,500 • Funding open in waves.
• Currently closed.
Federal Inflation Reduction Act
(IRA) Tax Credits $2,400,000
• These incentives are at risk due to current
Federal administration.
• Includes 1) Clean Commercial Vehicle and 2)
Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property.
BAAQMD Carl Moyer NA • Program Closed
Sonoma Clean
Power Community Charge $9,000 • 15 L2 chargers offered per customer (Rough value $600 each)
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ACF COMPLIANCE OPTIONS?
17 How? Risks?
Delay EV purchase Keep ICE asset for longer
Medium and Heavy Duty EVs are expected
to be available starting in 2028
Higher maintenance cost to
operate vehicles beyond design life
Apply for exemptions1 Meet requirements for exemptions (e.g. long daily usage, utility not providing power
needed)
CARB may not grant exemptions
Purchase available EV
model
Substituted heavier pickups with available
½ ton EV pickups
Upfit available EV chassis with body type
of choice
May not meet operational needs
1 October 2024 ACF Exemption Guidance
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CHARGING AS A SERVICE?
• External company handles all installation, software, and maintenance • Electricity and service rates are bundled into monthly costs • Santa Rosa to determine fleet electrification funding mechanism • EVSE Infrastructure – Design-Bid-Build or Design-Build 18 30%
Design
90%
Design
100%
DesignPermitting Construction
SR Contractor
SR Contractor
Design-Build
Design-Bid-Build
Procurement
Procurement
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SUBCOMMITTEE INPUT
• Funding Options and Opportunities
• ACF Compliance Options
- Delay purchases
- Pursue exemptions
- Buy equivalents
• Capital Options for Charging