San Diego State University was established in 1897 as a Normal school located on Normal Street. The institution moved to its current site in the college area in 1931. Development of the state college area began then and the development of the Navajo community was outgrowth from the college area and from the west. There was farming and ranching in Mission Valley until the middle portion of the twentieth century, when the uses were converted to commercial and residential. There were dairy farms and chicken ranches adjacent to the San Diego River where now there are motels, restaurants, office complexes and regional shopping malls. There was little development north of the San Diego River until Linda Vista was developed as military housing in the 1940s. The federal government improved public facilities and extended water and sewer pipelines to the area. From Linda Vista, development spread north of Mission Valley to the Clairemont Mesa and Kearny Mesa areas. Development in these communities was mixed use and residential on moderate size lots.
3.2.6 Historical Overview of the City of Santee
The city of Santee was established in the eastern region of San Diego County. The area was called several different names before it became known as Santee in 1893 (Santee Historical Society 2023). Initially, the land was inhabited by bands of Kumeyaay tribe of Native Americans who lived on the banks of the San Diego River in the village of Sinyeweche the present-day area of Santee (Minan 2004: p. 1143). The Kumeyaay people dominated the land until the arrival of the Spanish in 1779. Under the direction of Father Junipero Serra, the Kumeyaay people were made to construct the dam, today known as the Old Mission Dam, for the nearby Mission de Alcala. During this period, the land was divided among the Spanish soldiers as payment for their services, and the Native Americans were gathered to live at the Mission (Santee Historical Society 2023). The Mission system was disbanded by the Mexican government in 1822, and in 1840s, American settlers came to California (Smythe 1908: 282).
George A. Cowles migrated to California from Florida in 1870 after contracting malaria and purchased 4,000 acres of land in the Santee area in 1877 to develop vineyards as well as plant pomegranate and magnolia trees (Rossi 2016). At this time, the Cuyamaca Railroad ran through the area and the local station became known as Cowles Station due its proximity to Cowles vineyard and orchards. Thus, the surrounding town was referred to as Cowleston (Santee Historical Society 2023).
After Cowles’ death in 1887, Jennie Cowles (Cowles’ wife) married realtor and surveyor, Milton Santee, and in 1891, Jennie Cowles Santee was permitted to the post office under her husband’s name. By 1893, the town name was changed to Santee to coincide with the post office. Likewise, the Cowles School, established in 1891, and the Cowles School District changed their names to Santee as well (Santee Historical Society 2023).
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In 1885, Hosmer P. McKoon purchased 9,543 acres of land in the Santee area for his ranch, Fanita Ranch, that he named after his wife, Fannie. However, over the next few years McKoon sold segments of the ranch to new arrivals, including 7,000 acres to the Scripps family in 1898. The Scripps used the ranch to raise cattle and built a country resort for the family (Santee Historical Society 2023). Like much of the rest of San Diego County during this period, this city’s economy was based in agriculture and ranching. Farms, such as the Edgemoor Stock Farm established in 1908, drove the local economy and contributedcreated a contributed to the city’s rural identity (Rossi 2016). The opening of the Panama Canal in 1914 resulted in an increase in shipping ports in San Diego County that led more growth in the surrounding areas. However, there was little development in Santee throughout the early nineteenth century until the 1940s (Santee Historical Society 2023; Caltrans 2011: p 9-11).
The United States’ entry to World War 11 in 1941 led to an increase in military activity on the West Coast that brought new development to Santee. The federal government used 2,300 acres of the Fanita Ranch as military training grounds, and the Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton, was established north of Santee (Santee Historical Society 2023). The wartime demand for manufacturing transformed San Diego County’s industry and it became home to various aircraft and ship manufacturing as well as military training. By the mid-1940s, California’s aircraft industry was concentrated in Southern California where more than twice as many aircrafts were constructed as any of the states in the country (Caltrans 2011: p 9-11).
During the mid-twenty-first century Santee’s economy increased and the city became host to various industries. After the war, Santee’s agricultural industry had significantly decreased, and it began to suburbanize. Residential development in the area began as a response to the need for military and worker housing in the area during World War II, and population rapidly increased. In 1967, the Las Colinas Detention Facility opened as a juvenile facility, and in 1979 was converted to an adult women’s institution that serves as the primary facility for women prisoners in San Diego County. The establishment of the detention center introduced an onslaught of employment opportunities in the local area and enticed further population growth (SDCSD 2023). Such rapid growth created concern about the character of the community, so the residents of Santee created the San Diego County Santee Citizen’s Planning Committee. The committee was officially recognized by the San Diego County Board of Supervisors in December 1968, and it has continued to serve as a local land-use and planning advisory board to the county planning commission and the Board of Supervisors (Santee Historical Society 2023). In 1974, the Committee secured approval of their Santee Community Plan, which acted as the area’s General Plan until the Santee General Plan was adopted in 1984. In 1980, the citizens of Santee voted to incorporate in order to gain local control over development of their city and creating a General Plan was their first goal (City of Santee 2020: p 1).
The rapid population increase resulted in a need for more recreation and entertainment services in Santee. In 1974, two regional parks were established in the city, Mission Trails Regional Park and Santee Lakes Regional Park. Additionally, more commercial development and entertainment venues followed (City Town Info 2023). During the late twenty-first century, much of the economy in Santee has been focused on hospitality and entertainment, as well as health care assistance, retail trade, and educational services (Data USA 2023). Since the 1980s, the City has continued to grow, reaching a population of about 54,000 people in 2020. Additionally, it has embraced “principles of environmental stewardship by protecting and enhancing the San Diego River in a manner that is now the model for the rest of the County,” expanded its park system, and boats major commercial centers (City of Santee 2020: p. 2; Santee Historical Society 2023).
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4 Methods
4.1 Records Search Methods
On October 8, 2025, Dudek conducted an in-person records search of the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS) at the South Coastal Information Center (SCIC), located on the campus of San Diego State University. These searches included review of mapped prehistoric, historical, and built-environment resources; Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) site records; technical reports; archival resources; and ethnographic references. Additional consulted sources included historical maps of the Project siteAPE, the NRHP, the CRHR, the California Historic Property Data File, and the lists of California State Historical Landmarks, California Points of Historical Interest, and the Archaeological Determinations of Eligibility. Results from the records search are provided in Confidential Appendix B.
4.2 Native American Heritage Commission Sacred
Lands File Search
On December 1, 2025, Dudek requested a search of the Sacred Lands Files from the NAHC. A response letter was received via email from the NAHC on December 10, 2025, stating resources are listed in the Sacred Lands File for this area, but did not provide details on what the resource(s) are or where they are located. Dudek sent outreach letters to 17 Native American groups and individuals on December 29, 2025. To date, Dudek has received two Tribal responses related to the project. On January 30, 2026, Mr. Jason Santos from the Manzanita Band of Kumeyaay Nation responded to the outreach letter by stating that while the Project is not within the boundaries recognized by the Manzanita Indian Reservation, the Project does lie within the territory boundaries that Manzanita considers part of its Traditional Use Area. Therefore, the Manzanita Band requests to be kept informed as the Project progresses. Mr. Santos also recommended archaeological and Tribal cultural monitoring for all ground disturbing activities, given the Project’s vicinity to cultural resources. The Manzanita Band wishes to also be made aware of any Project boundary changes, and the Tribe offers cultural monitoring, should the need arise. On February 20, 2026, Mr. Jason Levigne of San Pasqual Band of Mission Indians also responded to the outreach sent by Dudek.
Mr. Levigne asserted that the San Pasqual Tribe does not have comments on the Project at this time. However, the San Pasqual Tribe reserves the right to provide future comments should additional information become available or the circumstances of the Project change. Documentation of correspondence with Native American groups and individuals is provided in Appendix C.
4.3 Cultural Resources Pedestrian Survey
Dudek archaeologists conducted an opportunistic and intensive-level pedestrian survey of the Project APE from December 8 to December 10, 2025, and on January 9, 2026 (see Figure 2). Red Tail Environmental Kumeyaay Native American monitor Justin Linton participated in the survey. Densely vegetated areas and large bodies of water were not subject to pedestrian survey as these areas present a safety concern for the survey team and cultural resources are unlikely to be observable in these conditions. All survey work was conducted employing standard archaeological procedures and techniques consistent with the Secretary of the Interior Standards for a cultural resources inventory (NPS 2018). Fifteen-meter interval survey transects were conducted trending west to east where possible for the Project APE. The ground surface was examined for prehistoric artifacts (e.g., flaked stone SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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tools, tool-making debris, stone milling tools, ceramics, fire-affected rock), soil discoloration that might indicate the presence of a cultural midden, soil depressions, features indicative of the current or former presence of structures or buildings (e.g., standing exterior walls, post holes, foundations), and historic artifacts (e.g., metal, glass, ceramics, building materials). Ground disturbances such as burrows and cut banks were also visually inspected for exposed subsurface materials.
Approximately 70 percent of the APE consisted of an opportunistic survey due to dense vegetation or standing water (the San Diego River) and approximately 30 percent of the APE consisted of an intensive-level pedestrian survey.
Areas for intensive-level pedestrian survey included the sections within the Project APE with sparse vegetation or the walking paths that intersect it. The perimeter of the Project APE was more open than the center/inner sections, and the former sections of the Project APE were where the intensive-level pedestrian surveys were conducted.
Ground visibility was very poor (less than 10%) due to the dense vegetation consisting of Chamis shrub, Palm trees, Pepper trees, Oak trees, Cattails, cacti, Willow scrub, and various medium-sized and tall grasses.
A minimum density of three or more artifacts in a 25-meter squared (m2) (82 ft2) area constituted an archaeological site, as well as the presence of any feature (i.e., hearth). Any separation of 50 m (164 ft.) or more between artifacts was considered justification for delineation of a site boundary. A temporary site number was assigned to all newly identified archaeological resources that met the definition of an archaeological site. Isolated finds consisting of fewer than three artifacts within a 25-m2 area were recorded separately from sites, including the use of a different numbering scheme. Based on experience in the region and the results of the CHRIS records search, the anticipated site type within the Project APE consisted of prehistoric artifact scatters and features. All prehistoric and historic sites and isolates identified during this inventory within the Project APE were updated or newly recorded on DPR forms, using the Instructions for Recording Historical Resources (Office of Historic Preservation 1995). DPR forms are included in Confidential Appendix E.
All fieldwork was documented using field notes and iPad technology with close-scale field maps and aerial photographs. Location-specific photographs were taken using an Apple 3rd Generation iPad equipped with 8 mega-pixel (MP) resolution and georeferenced PDF maps of the Project APE. Accuracy of this device ranged between 3 and 10 meters. All field notes, photographs, and records related to the current study are on file at Dudek’s archaeological laboratory in Carlsbad, California office. 18611.01 27
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5 Results
5.1 Records Search Results
5.1.1 Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Studies
The SCIC records indicate that between 1973 and 2021, 185 previous cultural resources technical investigations have been conducted within 1.0-mile of the Project APE (Confidential Appendix B). Of these 185 studies, 43 previous studies overlap portions of the Project APE. Table 1 summarizes the 43 studies within the APE; 14 of the relevant cultural studies (those that contain information pertaining to the previously recorded cultural sites within the Project APE) that intersect the APE are briefly summarized below Table 1. The SCIC records search results are also provided in Confidential Appendix B.
Table 1. Previously Conducted Technical Studies Within the APE Report
Number
(RI-) Authors Date Title
SD-00866 SAN DIEGO COUNTY
ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT
1973 AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE UPPER SAN DIEGO
RIVER MOSQUITO ABATEMENT AND WATER POLLUTION
CONTROL PROJECT PHASE I
SD-00618 COUNTY ENGINEER
DEPT.
1973
THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF CUYAMACA STREET EXTENSION
SD-00546
SUE ANN CUPPLES
1975 AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE SAN DIEGO RIVER
VALLEY
SD-00137
TOUPS
CORPORATION
1977 RESULTS OF AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIELD
RECONNAISSANCE OF SANTEE GREENS, SANTEE,
CALIFORNIA.
SD-07568 RECON 1978 DRAFT EIR FOR DEER PARK
SD-08505
RECON
1978 AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE DEERPARK
PROPERTY
SD-01276
MSA, INC.
1979 HILLCREEK LOT SPLIT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY AND
REPORT.
SD-01269 SAN DIEGO STATE
UNIVERSITY
FOUNDATION
1979 A CULTURAL SURVEY OF PORTIONS OF THE LAS CHOLLAS,
SOUTH LAS CHOLLAS, LOS COCHES FORESTER, AND LOMA
ALTA STREAM BASINS IN SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
SD-04981
RECON
1980 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS FOR THE SANTEE
REGIONAL SHOPPING CENTER
SD-02196
—
1980 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT PROPOSED
REMOVAL OF SAND UPPER SAN DIEGO RIVER SAN DIEGO
COUNTY P79-112 RP79-16 EAD LOG#79-14-261
SD-01909
RECON
1981 INVESTIGATIONS CONDUCTED AT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
SDM-W-2409 (SDI-7603) SANTEE, CALIFORNIA
SD-00341 ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CONSULTING AND
TECHNOLOGY
1981
ARCHAEOLOGICAL MITIGATION REPORT FOR SANTEE
GREENS SDI-5669
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Table 1. Previously Conducted Technical Studies Within the APE Report
Number
(RI-) Authors Date Title
SD-00779
CALTRANS
1985 ARCHAEOLOGICAL TEST EXCAVATION AT SITES CA-SDI-5655, 5658, 9239, 9240, 9246, 9247, 9913 IN SHEPHERD
CANYON, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2
11222-047050
SD-00780
CALTRANS
1985 FIRST ADDENDUM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT FOR
PROPOSED STATE ROUTE 52 SANTO ROAD TO STATE ROUTE
67 (PORTION) 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2 11222-047050
SD-05043
JOYCE CORUM
1985 FIRST ADDENDUM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT FOR
PROPOSED STATE ROUTE 52 SANTO ROAD TO STATE ROUTE
67 (PORTION) 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2 11222-047050
SD-04934
CALTRANS
1986 EXTENDED PHASE I AND PHASE II ARCHAEOLOGICAL TEST
EXCAVATIONS AT SITES CA-SDI-205, 5053, 8594, 9242,
10148, SANTEE, CA 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2
SD-04692
CALTRANS
1986 FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY 11-SD52 P.M. 7.3/17.2 SD-00771
CALTRANS
1986 EXTENDED PHASE I AND PHASE II ARCHAEOLOGICAL TEST
EXCAVATIONS AT SITES CA-SDI-205, 5053, 8594, 9242,
AND 10,148 SANTEE, CALIFORNIA 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2
11222-047050
SD-01829
CALTRANS
1989 THIRD ADDENDUM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR
PROPOSED STATE ROUTE 52, 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2,
11222-047050
SD-02062
CALTRANS
1989 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR THE
PROPOSED LAKESIDE FLOW EQUALIZATION FACILITY (SCH
#88101909) (COUNTY LOG #89-14-14) (MAJOR USE
PERMIT #P66-016WI)
SD-04181
CITY OF SAN DIEGO
1990 CLEAN WATER PROGRAM FOR GREATER SAN DIEGO
SANTEE BASIN WATER RECLAMATION PROJECT DRAFT
ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
SD-02916
PEAK & ASSOCIATES,
INC.
1990 CULTURAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT OF AT&T'S
PROPOSED SAN BERNARDINO TO SAN DIEGO FIBER OPTIC
CABLE, SAN BERNARDINO, RIVERSIDE AND SAN DIEGO
COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA
SD-02632
ERCE
1991 A CULTURAL RESOURCES TESTING, EVALUATION, AND
PROPOSED DATA RECOVERY PROGRAM FOR THE EAST
MISSION GORGE PUMP STATION AND FORCE MAIN
PROJECT
SD-02633
ERCE
1991 CULTURAL RESOURCES TESTING, EVALUATION, AND
PROPOSED DATA RECOVERY PROGRAM FOR THE EAST
MISSION GORGE PUMP STATION AND FORCE MAIN
PROJECT
SD-02583
GALLEGOS &
ASSOCIATES
1993 CULTURAL RESOURCE MONITORING SEWER FOR EAST
MISSION GORGE INTERCEPTOR SEWER SYSTEM FORCE
MAIN CONSTRUCTION PROJECT DEP #880089
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Table 1. Previously Conducted Technical Studies Within the APE Report
Number
(RI-) Authors Date Title
SD-02761
GALLEGOS &
ASSOCIATES
1993 DATA RECOVERY PROGRAM FOR A PREHISTORIC SITE CASDI-110148, EAST MISSION GORGE PUMP STATION AND FORCE MAIN, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.
SD-08307 BRIAN F. SMITH &
ASSOCIATES
2000 AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE EDGEMOOR
PROJECT
SD-05138 TIERRA
ENVIRONMENTAL
2001 HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT FOR THE FORESTER
CREEK PROJECT SANTEE CALIFORNIA
SD-09964
RECON
2004 CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY REPORT FOR THE RYAN
CORPORATE OFFICE PARK MASTER PLAN SANTEE,
CALIFORNIA
SD-12319
RECON
2005 SANTEE TOWN CENTER SPECIFIC PLAN AMENDMENT,
APPENDIXES TO THE DRAFT MASTER ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT REPORT
SD-11128
KYLE CONSULTING
2006 CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY FOR THE SAN DIEGO RIVER
RESTORATION PROJECT EDGEMOOR PROPERTY CITY OF
SANTEE, CALIFORNIA
SD-11189
BRIAN F. SMITH &
ASSOCIATES
2007 RESULTS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL MONITORING AT TOWN
CENTER COMMUNITY PARK MASS GRADING, SANTEE,
CALIFORNIA (CIP 2004-31) (NEGATIVE ARCHAEOLOGICAL
MONITORING REPORT)
SD-11190
BRIAN F. SMITH &
ASSOCIATES
2007 PALEONTOLOGICAL MONITORING REPORT, TOWN CENTER
COMMUNITY PARK MASS GRADING PROJECT, CITY OF
SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA (CIP2004-31)
SD-12455
ASM AFFILIATES
2009 CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY FOR THE SAN DIEGO RIVER
WATERSHED INVASIVE NON-NATIVE PLANT CONTROL AND
HABITAT RESTORATION PROGRAM AT THE CARLTON OAKS
GOLF COURSE, SANTEE, CALIFORNIA
SD-12612
AFFINIS
2010 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT: BIOLOGICAL
MITIGATION PARCEL FOR THE SR 163/FRIARS ROAD
INTERCHANGE IMPROVEMENTS PROJECT SAN DIEGO
COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
SD-12635
CALTRANS
2010 HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT FOR THE STATE
ROUTE 163 AND FRIARS ROAD INTERCHANGE
SD-13226 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF
ENGINEERS
2011 MAST PARK HABITAT RESTORATION PROJECT, CITY OF
SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
SD-14043
ASM AFFILIATES
2011 CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDY FOR THE SANTEE WALMART
EXPANSION PROJECT, CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
CALIFORNIA
SD-16147
ROBBINS-WADE,
MARY
2011 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES INVENTORY, MAST PARK
WETLAND HABITAT RESTORATION PROJECT, SANTEE, SAN
DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
SD-16089 DOKKEN
ENGINEERING
2014 EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE WITH SECTION 106 OF
NATIONAL HISTORIC PRESERVATION ACT OF 1966 WALKER
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Table 1. Previously Conducted Technical Studies Within the APE Report
Number
(RI-) Authors Date Title
PRESERVE TRAIL, CITY OF SANTEE, PROJECT NUMBER RT37-026 SD-15518
BRIAN F. SMITH &
ASSOCIATES
2015 CULTURAL RESOURCES MONITORING REPORT FOR THE SAN
DIEGO TRAIL - WALKER PRESERVE PROJECT, CIP 2011-35,
SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
SD-17135
PANGIS
2015 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR POLE BRUSHING PROJECT,
VARIOUS LOCATIONS, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
(SDG&E ETS# 29109, PANGIS PROJECT# 1401.07)
SD-19383
ASM AFFILIATES
2021 UPDATE TO THE REVISED PRELIMINARY CULTURAL
RESOURCES STUDY TO SUPPORT THE PADRE DAM
MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT MASTER PLAN UPDATE PEIR,
SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
SD-01276
Hillcreek Lot Split Archaeological Survey and Report was authored by Richard Keith Olmo of MSA, Inc. in 1979 (Olmo 1979). Olmo described the pedestrian survey of the property, which was located on the El Cajon quadrangle and slightly intersects the current Project APE. The report details site W-689, recorded by Sue Ann Cupples in 1975, which fell within the survey area. Olmo noted that W-689 contained midden soil, bedrock milling features, groundstone artifacts, and debitage. Olmo also recommended future testing of the site, should development occur.
Available maps do not document the location of W-689, so it is unclear whether this resource was located within the current Project APE.
SD-15518
Cultural Resources Monitoring Report for the San Diego Trail - Walker Preserve Project, CIP 2011-35, Santee, San Diego County, California, was authored by Brian F. Smith & Associates in 2015. The report (Brian F. Smith & Associates 2015) details the cultural monitoring program for the 1.30-mile-long San Diego Trail—Walker Preserve Project. SD-15518 describes an archaeological site within the study area: W-689. W-689 is a prehistoric milling site containing approximately 10 milling features, along with debitage, hand stone, and groundstone artifacts. The report also details six groundstone artifacts collected as a result of the monitoring program. A portion of the 2015 study (Brian F. Smith & Associates 2015) area intersects the current Project APE. However, available maps do not document the location of W-689 so it is unclear whether this resources was located within the current Project APE.
SD-00780/ SD-05043
First Addendum Archaeological Survey Report for Proposed State Route 52 Santo Road to State Route 67 (Portion) 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2 11222-047050 was authored by Joyce Corum of Caltrans (Caltrans 1985). Corum detailed several archaeological sites inside of the 1985 survey area, including site CA-SDI-010148, which is within the current Project APE. CA-SDI-010148 was initially recorded in 1984 as a light lithic and ceramic scatter. The site has since undergone Phase II testing and data recovery, and it yielded a total of nearly 4,000 artifacts during the Phase SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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II testing. A western site extension portion of CA-SDI-010148 subsequently underwent data recovery at a later time, and several hearths and groundstone artifacts were recovered, Corum described impacts to the site, including flooding, terracing for agricultural use, and trenching.
SD-01269
A Cultural Survey of Portions of the Las Chollas, South Las Chollas, Los Coches Forester, and Loma Alta Stream Basins in San Diego County, California, was authored by Roy E. Pettus in 1979. Pettus (1979) listed a host of archaeological sites, including one within the current Project APE: CA-SDI-005050. Pettus described CA-SDI005050 as a late prehistoric habitation site containing midden soil, bedrock milling features, faunal remains, lithic artifacts, and ceramic artifacts. Pettus also described the site as partially existing within several residential properties. Pettus recommended avoidance of the resource, as well as a future testing program.
SD-04934/SD-00771
Extended Phase I and Phase II Archaeological Test Excavations at Sites CA-SDI-205, 5053, 8594, 9242, 10148, Santee, CA 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2., was authored by Joyce Corum in 1986 (Caltrans 1986). Corum detailed the extended Phase I and II testing of several archaeological sites, including one site within the Project area: CA-SDI010148 (mentioned above in SD-00770/SD-05043). Corum included details of the testing conducted in 1985 and stated that the artifact recovery at site CA-SDI-010148 yielded nearly 1,400 artifacts (Caltrans 1986). The site was heavily disturbed by human activity and krotovina. Further, Corum stated that the site had low research potential due to the lack of datable artifacts and site disturbances.
SD-04692
First Supplemental Historic Property Survey 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2 was authored by Joyce Corum (Caltrans 1986b), and is essentially an extension of report SD-04934 (described above). Site CA-SDI-010148, which is within the Project APE, is detailed in this report by Corum, and it includes the same testing details as in report SD-04934.
SD-01829
Third Addendum Archaeological Survey for Proposed State Route 52, 11-SD-52 P.M. 7.3/17.2, 11222-047050, (Caltrans 1989) was authored by Jocye Corum of Caltrans in 1989. SD-01829 is a further iteration of reports SD00780/ SD-05043 (both detailed above). Site CA-SDI-010148, which is within the current Project APE, is mentioned in report SD-01829. Corum briefly described the Phase II testing at site CA-SDI-010148, including the author’s assertion that the site was not eligible for listing in the NRHP.
SD-04181
Clean Water Program for Greater San Diego Santee Basin Water Reclamation Project Draft Environmental Report (City of San Diego 1990), was published in 1990 by personnel from the City of San Diego. There were several archaeological sites mentioned and surveyed in this report, including one within the project area: CA-SDI-010148.
The report not only details the previous findings for site CA-SDI-010148, but it also stated that the survey indicated that the site extended 170 m to the west and four concentrations of fire-affected rocks and tools were recorded.
SD-014181 recommended that in order for site significance to be determined, testing in the area(s) not already tested by Caltrans should occur.
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SD-02632/SD-02633
A Cultural Resources Testing, Evaluation, And Proposed Data Recovery Program For The East Mission Gorge Pump Station was authored Carrico et al (1991) from ERC Environmental and Energy Service Company in 1991. The report includes descriptions of testing at several archaeological sites for the study, including one site within the current Project APE: CA-SDI-010148. Testing and surface collecting at CA-SDI-010148 yielded about 750 artifacts, with the bulk of the artifacts (>90%) consisting of debitage. The report states that CA-SDI-010148 was not recommended as not being an important resource under the CEQA criteria; the report agreed with earlier evaluation findings at CA-SDI-010148, which were conducted by Caltrans. Report SD-02633, Cultural Resources Testing, Evaluation, And Proposed Data Recovery Program For The East Mission Gorge Pump Station And Force Main Project - Appendix B, contains the confidential records for SD-02632.
SD-02761
Data Recovery Program For A Prehistoric Site CA-SDI-110148, East Mission Gorge Pump Station And Force Main, San Diego, California was prepared by Gallegos & Associates in 1993. The report (Gallegos & Associates 1993) contains the results of archaeological monitoring and subsequent data recovery of a portion of site CA-SDI-010148, which is within the Project APE. Due to the findings during the archaeological monitoring, Gallegos & Associates stated that the City of San Diego determined the portion of the site that was impacted was changed from not important/not significant to important/significant, and thus, data recovery was implemented. The report details a large amount of prehistoric artifacts recovered during the data recovery program, and Gallegos & Associates asserted that the data recovery program sufficed to mitigate the impacts to the portion of CA-SDI-010148 in focus.
SD-12455
Cultural Resources Survey For The San Diego River Watershed Invasive Non-Native Plant Control And Habitat Restoration Program At The Carlton Oaks Golf Course, Santee, California was authored by Jill Gardner and Brian Williams of ASM Affiliates in 2009. Gardner and Williams (ASM Affiliates 2009) detailed pedestrian surveys of a number of archaeological sites, including one within the Project APE: CA-SDI-010148. No cultural resources were recorded during the survey; Gardner and Williams suggested that modern disturbances may have impacted the site.
5.1.2 Previously Recorded Cultural Resources
The SCIC records indicate that 79 cultural resources have been recorded within 1.0-mile of the Project APE (Confidential Appendix B). Of these 79 cultural resources, three resources were identified within the Project APE:
CA-SDI-005050, CA-SDI-010148, and CA-SDI-021860 (Confidential Appendix D). These three sites include a bedrock milling site with associated artifact scatter (CA-SDI-005050), a habitation site deposit including fireaffected rock, lithic and ceramic artifacts, and midden soil (CA-SDI-010148), and a lithic scatter (CA-SDI-021860).
Table 2 summarizes all 79 resources followed by a brief summary of the three prehistoric sites that were recorded within the APE. The SCIC records search results are also provided in Confidential Appendix B.
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Table 2. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources Within 1.0-Mile of the Project APE Primary
No. Trinomial Age Year Recorded Description
Eligibility
Status
Resources within APE
P-37-
005050
CA-SDI005050Prehistoric 1979 Lithics, groundstone,
ceramic, burned
faunal bone,
midden, bedrock
milling
Not evaluated
P-37-
010148
CA-SDI010148Prehistoric 1984 Lithics, ceramics,
groundstone
artifacts, faunal
remains, fireaffected rock
Tested,
determined
not eligible
P-37-
035815
CA-SDI021860Prehistoric 2015 Lithic scatter Not evaluated Resources within 1-Mile Buffer
P-37-
005051 CA-SDI005051
Prehistoric 1967 Bedrock milling,
lithics
Not evaluated
P-37-
005669 CA-SDI005669
Prehistoric 1967 Hearths, possible
cremation,
habitation debris,
lithic, groundstones,
ceramic, shell
Not evaluated
P-37-
005985 CA-SDI005985
Prehistoric 1968 Lithics Not evaluated
P-37-
026563 -
Prehistoric 1969 Lithics, bedrock
milling
Not evaluated
P-37-
005148 CA-SDI005148
Prehistoric 1975 Bedrock milling,
lithics
Not evaluated
P-37-
004353
CA-SDI004353Prehistoric 1975 Bedrock milling,
ground stones, rock
shelter, lithics,
ceramics, charcoal,
burials
Not evaluated
P-37-
005827
CA-SDI005827Prehistoric 1977 Bedrock milling Not evaluated P-37-
004931
CA-SDI004931Prehistoric 1979 Bedrock milling,
lithic, shell, ceramic,
rock art, hearth,
charcoal, habitation
debris, burials
Not evaluated
P-37-
006936
CA-SDI006936Prehistoric 1979 Lithics Not evaluated
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Table 2. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources Within 1.0-Mile of the Project APE Primary
No. Trinomial Age Year Recorded Description
Eligibility
Status
P-37-
007603
CA-SDI007603Prehistoric 1979 Lithics Evaluated, not
eligible
P-37-
005052 CA-SDI005052
Prehistoric 1979 Bedrock milling,
lithics, groundstones
Not evaluated
P-37-
009248
CA-SDI009248Historic 1982 Historic debris Not evaluated P-37-
008594
CA-SDI008594Multicomponent 1985 Bedrock milling,
lithics, faunal bone,
midden, ceramic;
Historic debris
Not evaluated
P-37-
010451
CA-SDI010451Prehistoric 1985 Bedrock milling,
lithics, faunal bone
Not evaluated
P-37-
014840 -
Prehistoric 1985 Lithic scatter Not evaluated
P-37-
014841 -
Prehistoric 1985 Lithic scatter Not evaluated
P-37-
005535
CA-SDI005535Multicomponent 1986 Bedrock milling,
lithics, habitation
debris
Not evaluated
P-37-
009242
CA-SDI009242Prehistoric 1986 Lithic, habitation
debris, faunal
remains, shell
Not evaluated
P-37-
011542
CA-SDI011542Historic 1989 Historic refuse,
foundation
Not evaluated
P-37-
011543
CA-SDI011543Prehistoric 1989 Lithic Scatter Not evaluated P-37-
014909 -
Prehistoric 1989 Isolate: Lithic Not significant
P-37-
004354
CA-SDI04354Prehistoric 1996 Bedrock milling,
lithic, shell, ceramic,
rock art, hearth,
charcoal, habitation
debris, burials
Not evaluated
P-37-
010054
CA-SDI010054Prehistoric 1996 Lithic, rock art,
bedrock milling,
Not evaluated
P-37-
019056
CA-SDI01585Historic 2000 Historic refuse,
foundations, wells/
cisterns
Not evaluated
P-37-
019057 -
Prehistoric 2000 Isolate: Lithic Not significant
P-37-
029009 -
Historic 2000 Building Not significant
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Table 2. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources Within 1.0-Mile of the Project APE Primary
No. Trinomial Age Year Recorded Description
Eligibility
Status
P-37-
027130
CA-SDI017745Prehistoric 2001 Bedrock milling,
lithics, habitation
debris, shell
Not evaluated
P-37-
027134
CA-SDI017749Prehistoric 2001 Bedrock milling,
lithic, ceramic
Not evaluated
P-37-
027135
CA-SDI017750Multicomponent 2001 Lithic, shell; Historic refuse
Not evaluated
P-37-
027136
CA-SDI017751Historic 2001 Historic refuse Not evaluated P-37-
027138
CA-SDI017753Prehistoric 2001 Rock art Not evaluated
P-37-
027140
CA-SDI017755Prehistoric 2001 Rock art Not evaluated
P-37-
027141 -
Prehistoric 2001 Isolate: Lithic Not significant
P-37-
027142 -
Prehistoric 2001 Isolate: Lithic Not significant
P-37-
029011 -
Historic 2001 Building Not significant
P-37-
025303 -
Prehistoric 2001 Isolate: Lithic Not significant
P-37-
025460
CA-SDI016904Prehistoric 2003 Lithic scatter Not significant P-37-
028990 -
Historic 2003 Building Not evaluated
P-37-
028466 -
Prehistoric 2004 Isolate: Lithic Not significant
P-37-
028672 -
Historic 2007 Building Recommende
d not eligible
P-37-
006937
CA-SDI006937Prehistoric 2007 Lithics, groundstone,
ceramic, burnt
faunal bone,
midden, bedrock
milling, burial, rock
art, hearth, shell
Significant
under the
criteria listed
in CEQA.
P-37-
000204
CA-SDI000204Prehistoric 2009 Bedrock milling,
groundstones, shell
Not evaluated
P-37-
000205
CA-SDI000205Prehistoric 2009 Bedrock milling,
lithics, shell
No evaluated
P-37-
009245
CA-SDI009245Prehistoric 2009 Lithic, groundstones,
faunal bone,
habitation debris,
No evaluated
P-37-
009243
CA-SDI009243Prehistoric 2009 Bedrock milling,
lithics,
Not evaluated
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Table 2. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources Within 1.0-Mile of the Project APE Primary
No. Trinomial Age Year Recorded Description
Eligibility
Status
groundstones, shell,
hearths/pits, faunal
bone, and burials,
P-37-
030482
CA-SDI019370Prehistoric 2009 Habitation debris Not evaluated P-37-
030866
CA-SDI019604Prehistoric 2009 Bedrock milling Not evaluated P-37-
032655
CA-SDI020693Historic 2012 Historic refuse Not evaluated P-37-
034299 -
Prehistoric 2014 Isolate Not significant
P-37-
032878
CA-SDI020778Multicomponent 2015 Groundstones,
possible human
remains, habitation
debris, shell; Historic
reuse
Not evaluated
P-37-
005049
CA-SDI005049Prehistoric 2015 Bedrock milling,
lithics, ceramic,
midden
Not evaluated
P-37-
036592
CA-SDI022115Historic 2017 Cistern Not evaluated
P-37-
040048 -
Prehistoric 2017 Lithic scatter Not evaluated
P-37-
040049 -
Prehistoric 2017 Lithic (isolate) Not eligible
P-37-
040050 -
Prehistoric 2017 Lithic (isolate) Not eligible
P-37-
037786
CA-SDI022504
Historic 2018 Trash scatter, Road,
Dam, Quarry, Fence
Not eligible
P-37-
038713
CA-SDI022799Prehistoric 2019 Bedrock milling Not eligible P-37-
038714
CA-SDI022800Prehistoric 2019 Bedrock milling,
ceramic scatter,
lithic scatter
Not eligible
P-37-
038839 -
Historic 2020 Lake Not evaluated
P-37-
039039 -
Historic 2020 Glass-Isolate Not significant
P-37-
039224
CA-SDI022989Prehistoric 2020 Bedrock milling,
lithic
Not evaluated
P-37-
039225
CA-SDI022990Prehistoric 2020 Bedrock milling Not evaluated P-37-
039226
CA-SDI022991Prehistoric 2020 Bedrock milling Not evaluated SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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Table 2. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources Within 1.0-Mile of the Project APE Primary
No. Trinomial Age Year Recorded Description
Eligibility
Status
P-37-
039227
CA-SDI022992Prehistoric 2020 Bedrock milling Not evaluated P-37-
039228
CA-SDI022993Prehistoric 2020 Bedrock milling Not evaluated P-37-
039229
CA-SDI022994Prehistoric 2020 Bedrock milling Not evaluated P-37-
039236 -
Prehistoric 2020 Lithics (isolate) Not eligible
P-37-
039237 -
Prehistoric 2020 Lithic (isolate) Not eligible
P-37-
040640 -
Historic 2020 Single Family
Property
Recommende
d not eligible
P-37-
040800 -
Historic 2023 Refuse (isolate) Not eligible
P-37-
010052
CA-SDI010052Prehistoric No Date Bedrock milling,
lithics, ceramics
Not evaluated
P-37-
010053
CA-SDI010053Prehistoric No Date Bedrock milling,
lithics
Not evaluated
P-37-
034298 -
Historic No Date Building Not evaluated
P-37-
000140
CA-SDI000140No Info. No Date No Info. No Info.
P-37-
000141
CA-SDI000141No Info. No Date No Info. No Info.
CA-SDI-005050 (P-37-005050)
CA-SDI-005050 was recorded by Roy Pettus in 1979 (Pettus 1979b). CA-SDI-005050 was recorded as a prehistoric site with midden soil, numerous milling features, about 20 milling implements and 10 pieces of debitage, and a small number of ceramic artifacts. One flaked stone tool and fire-affected rocks were also noted. Pettus noted that the site was situated between a canal and the backyards of some nearby houses. Pettus recommended an archaeological testing program to determine the presence of subsurface deposits and resource significance.
CA-SDI-010148 (P-37-010148)
CA-SDI-010148 is a prehistoric site that was originally recorded by Westec Services, Inc. in 1984 (Westec Services 1984) as a light lithic and ceramic scatter. Caltrans (1985) excavated three archaeological test trenches, one of which was positive for subsurface deposits. Caltrans (1986) subsequently conducted Phase II testing and excavated nine 1 × 1 meter test units and three shovel test pits. These excavations were located within the current Project APE. Nearly 1,400 artifacts (mostly lithics) and nearly 2,500 faunal bone, charcoal, and fire-affected rocks were recovered during the Phase II testing. Caltrans (1986) deemed CA-SDI-010148not010148 not eligible for the NRHP due to previous agricultural disturbance, low frequency and variety of cultural artifacts, and scarcity of SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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datable remains. However, during the construction monitoring of an adjacent water facility, Gallegos & Associates (1993) identified six prehistoric fire hearths, numerous handstones, and five complete metates in a previously unrecorded western extension of P CA-SDI-010148. Following data recovery of this western extension, Gallegos & Associates and the City of San Diego considered the western extension significant under CEQA and City of San Diego regulations. The eastern portion of P-37CA-SDI-010148, the portion located within the City of Santee’s jurisdiction and the current Project APE, was not tested by Gallegos & Associates. CA-SDI-010148was010148 was revisited by ASM Affiliates in 2009, and no artifacts were observed on the surface.
CA-SDI-021860 (P-37-035815)
CA-SDI-021860 was recorded by HELIX Environmental as a light lithic scatter in 2015 (HelixHELIX Environmental Planning 2015). The site was recorded as a result of grading within the San Diego River floodplain, for wetlands rehabilitation.the Mast Park Wetland Habitat Restoration project. The grading expanded over 15 acres and went to a depth of 6.0 ft below the ground surface. Following grading, HELIX investigated the spoils piles and identified 17 artifacts including lithic artifacts, debitage, groundstone, and one ceramic body sherd. Two unidentified faunal bones, shell, and fire-affected rock were also noted. Modern trash was noted as being prevalent throughout the project site. All artifacts were recovered out of context from spoils piles, therefore, the site boundary for CA-SDI021860 is based on the extent of grading for the wetland restoration project. Additionally, the alluvial setting of the site (active river floodplain) means that it is likely some of the cultural material has washed downstream from other areas. A Late Prehistoric village site was recorded a short distance upstream from the site, and buried resources have been identified during monitoring at other projects upstream, for example CA-SDI-20693 at San Diego Women’s Detention Facility and, CA-SDI-19370 at the proposed Liberty High School. HELIX Environmental noted that the scattered artifacts identified at CA-SDI-021860 could be the result of cultural material washing downstream or could represent a single cohesive site (or a combination of both), however, the area has been too disturbed by previous events and grading for the wetland restoration project that they couldn’t make a conclusive determination (HELIX Environmental Planning 2015).
5.2 Map and Historic Aerial Photography Research
Additional archival research for this Project included review of historic topographic and aerial maps. Table 3 provides information on the historic topographic maps reviewed for the Project APE (NETR 2025). Additionally, Table 4 provides information on the aerial photographs reviewed (NETR 2025).
Table 3. Historic Topographic Map Review
Historic Topographic Map
Year(s) Available Description
1893, 1897, 1901, 1903,
1909, 1913, 1916, 1930,
1940, 1941
To the extent that the topographic maps are available, the maps show the San Diego River within the Project APE. No discernible large structures are visible. 1942 Fanita Ranch appears on this topographic map, and it is situated in the southwestern section of the Project APE.
1947 A number of structures associated with the title “Edgemoore County Farms” are situated very close to the Project APE, adjacent to North Magnolia Avenue. 1955 No major visible changes within the Project APE are noted.
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Table 3. Historic Topographic Map Review
Historic Topographic Map
Year(s) Available Description
1956 A sand pit near the San Diego River and several small structures are visible near Cuyamaca Street.
1959, 1964 No major visible changes within the Project APE are noted. 1969 Several sand pits are now mapped near the San Diego River, within or very nearby the Project APE.
1975, 1976, 1978, 1986 To the extent that topographic maps are available, no major visible changes within the Project APE are noted.
2001 An athletic field is mapped just north of the Project APE, near present-day River Park Drive.
2012, 2015 The number of named, mapped in streets adjacent to the Project APE, on both sides of the San Diego River, greatly increase in this topographic map. 2018, 2021 “The Walker Preserve Trail” appears on these topographic maps, which is east of present-day North Magnolia Avenue and inside the Project APE.
Table 4. Aerial Photograph Review
Aerial Photograph Year
Available Description
1953 The aerial photographs show no major structures within the Project APE, but there are several roads mainly trending north–south through it. 1964 There is development within the Project APE north of present-day Chubb Lane, and agricultural development near there is also apparent. 1966 Residential development on the north and south sides of the Project APE are visible.
1968 Agricultural development is visible to the east of the Project APE. 1971 The San Diego River appears to be damned up within a portion of the Project APE.
1978, 1980, 1981, 1982,
1983, 1985, 1986, 1987,
1988,
More residential and commercial development is noticeable on both the north and south side of the Project APE (north and south of the San Diego River). 1989 Development at the Carlton Oaks Golf Course just west of the Project APE is apparent.
1990, 1991, 1993, 1994,
1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
1999, 2000, 2002, 2003
No significant changes inside the Project APE are visible. 2005, 2009 Development just northeast of the Project APE (at present-day Lakeside Sports Park) is patent. There are also several hiking trails in the northeast section of the Project APE visible.
2010, 2012, 2014, 2016,
2019, 2020, 2022
No significant changes inside the Project APE are visible.
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5.3 Native American Heritage Commission Sacred
Lands File Search and Native American Outreach
On December 1, 2025, Dudek requested a search of the Sacred Lands Files from the NAHC. A response letter was received via email from the NAHC on December 10, 2025, stating resources are listed in the Sacred Lands File for this area, but did not provide details on what the resource(s) are or where they are located. Dudek sent outreach letters to 17 Native American groups and individuals on December 29, 2025. To date, no responses have been received. Any future responses would be included in subsequent versions of this report.To date, two responses have been received. On January 30, 2026, Jason Santos, the Deputy Tribal Historic Preservation Officer from the Manzanita Band of Kumeyaay Nation, responded by stating that the Project APE is not within the boundaries recognized by the Manzanita Indian Reservation. However, Mr. Santos stated that the Project APE is within the boundaries that Manzanita considers its Traditional Use Area. The Manzanita Band, therefore, has requested to be kept informed as the Project progresses. Mr. Santos also recommended archaeological and Tribal cultural monitoring for all ground disturbing activities near known archaeological sites. Further, on February 20, 2026, Mr.
Jason Lavigne, the Tribal Historic Preservation Officer from the San Pasqual Tribe of Mission Indians, responded by stating that the San Pasqual Tribe does not have any comments on the proposed Project. Mr. Lavigne also added that San Pasqual reserves the right to provide further comments if additional information on the Project becomes available, or if the circumstances change. Documentation of correspondence with Native American groups and individuals is provided in Appendix C.
5.4 Cultural Resources Survey
Dudek archaeologists conducted an opportunistic (approximately 70 percent) and intensive-level pedestrian survey (approximately 30 percent) of the Project APE from December 8 to December 10, 2025, and on January 9, 2026 (see Figure 2). Much of the Project APE was either covered in dense vegetation or standing water (the San Diego River) and thus was not subjected to an intensive-level pedestrian survey. Areas for intensive-level pedestrian survey included the sections within the Project APE with sparse vegetation or the walking paths that intersect it.
Exhibits 1-3 below provide an overview of the general visibility within the Project APE. In general, the perimeter of the Project APE was more open than the center/inner sections, and the former sections of the Project APE were where the intensive-level pedestrian surveys were conducted. Disturbances within the Project APE included a moderate amount of modern debris, evidence of homeless encampments, numerous walking paths, riprap, concrete irrigation channels, evidence of grading, and erosion from the San Diego River. Thick vegetation covered much of the Project APE, with the primary vegetation consisting of the Chamis shrub, Palm trees, Pepper trees, Oak trees, Cattails, cacti, Willow scrub, and various medium-sized and tall grasses. In general, visibility was very poor due to the dense vegetation (less than 10% visibility). The pedestrian survey revisited three previously identified resources (CA-SDI-005050, CA-SDI-010148, and CA-SDI-021860) and identified three new archaeological sites (SDRFM-DF-S-001, SDRFM-DF-S-002, and SDRFM-DF-S-003), and three new isolates (SDRFM-DF-I-001, SDRFMDF-I-002, and SDRFM-DF-I-003) within the Project APE (Confidential Appendix D).
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Exhibit 1. View of Western Project APE; View West
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Exhibit 2. View of the Central Component of the Project APE; View West SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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Exhibit 3. View of the Eastern Component of the Project APE; View East
5.4.1 Previously Identified Cultural Resources
CA-SDI-005050 (P-37-005050)
CA-SDI-005050 was recorded by Roy Pettus in 1979 as a prehistoric site situated between a canal and the backyards of houses and containing midden soil, numerous milling features, about 20 milling implements and 10 pieces of debitage, and a small number of ceramic artifacts. Approximately half of the site boundary falls within the Project APE, while the other half is located within fenced residential backyards. Dudek revisited the public portion of the site (Exhibit 4). Site components including bedrock milling features and prehistoric lithic tools, diagnostic artifacts within the Project APE were recorded (Exhibit 5). Additionally, 17 pieces of debitage (quartzite and volcanic) and three ceramic body sherds were recorded within CA-SDI-005050. Table 5 provides an overview of the site’s milling features recorded by Dudek. Further, Table 6 provides information on the artifacts within the site.
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Table 5. Milling Elements Within CA-SDI-005050
Field ID Name Milling Element Type Measurements Description BRM-01 Saucer mortar 16.5 cm N/S x 10.0 cm E/W
x 2.5 cm deep
On a low-lying granitic boulder
feature measuring 120.0 cm N/S
x 160.0 cm E/W
BRM-02 Saucer mortar 22.0 cm N/S x 12.0 cm E/W
x 3.0 cm deep
On a low-lying granitic boulder
feature measuring 50.0 cm N/S x
50.0 cm E/W
BRM-03 Saucer mortar 16.0 cm N/S x 14.0 cm E/W
x 2.0 cm deep
Both BRM #3 & 4 on the same
low-lying granitic boulder feature
measuring 90.0 cm N/S x 120.0
cm E/W
BRM-04 Saucer mortar 18.0 cm N/S x 10.0 cm E/W
x 2.0 cm deep
BRM-05 Saucer mortar 13.0 cm N/S x 8.0 cm E/W x
1.5 cm deep
On a low-lying granitic boulder
feature measuring 60.0 cm
NE/SW x 30.0 cm NW/SE
BRM-06 Saucer mortar 20.0 cm N/S x 13.0 cm E/W
x 2.0 cm deep
BRM-06, MS-02, and MS-03 on
the same granitic boulder feature
(partially cut off by the metal
fence for the housing to the
south) that measures 180.0 cm
N/S x 220.0 cm E/W
MS-02 Milling Slick 28.0 cm N/S x 18.0 cm E/W —
MS-03 Milling Slick 30.0 cm N/S x 20.0 cm E/W
MS-01 Milling Slick 26.0 cm N/S x 33.0 cm E/W On a granitic boulder feature measuring 110.0 cm N/S x 120.0
cm E/W
Table 6. Recorded Artifacts Within CA-SDI-005050
Field ID Tool Description Measurements
A-01 1 Unifacial Granitic Handstone 12.0 cm L x 7.0 cm W x 5.0 cm Th A-02 1 Unifacial Granitic Handstone 13.0 cm L x 10.0 cm W x 5.0 cm Th A-03 1 Ceramic Brownware Rim Sherd 3.0 cm L x 2.0 cm W x 0.5 cm Th A-04 1 Quartzite Flaked Stone Tool with Battering 6.5 cm L x 5.0 cm W x 2.5 cm Th A-05 1 Metavolcanic Handstone Fragment 9.0 cm L x 5.0 cm W x 5.0 cm Th Dudek did not record any midden soil within the site. All the artifacts recorded were left in situ. In addition, it was evident during the site revisit that some milling features are present within the backyard of private residential property and not located within the Project APE. Dudek did not record the site elements within private property. It appears the site has been disturbed to some extent by grading, with possible grading within the milling features and among the artifacts. Several boulders appear to have been pushed from the south to the north and downslope.
There is also a moderate amount of modern debris within the site. Thick vegetation was ubiquitous throughout much of the site, including cacti growth around the milling features. There is also an east–west trending metal fence at the northern end of the site.
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Exhibit 4. CA-SDI-005050 Site Overview; View West/Southwest SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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Exhibit 5. Overview of BRM-06/MS-02/MS-03 (All Three Milling Spots Have Flags Atop Them) at CA-SDI005050; View Southwest SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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CA-SDI-010148 (P-37-010148)
CA-SDI-010148 is a prehistoric lithic and ceramic scatter previously archaeologically tested within the current Project APE and recommended not eligible for listing on the NRHP (Caltrans 1986). The western extension of the resource containing hearth features and artifact deposits is located outside of the current Project APE and was tested in 1993 and recommended significant under CEQA and City of San Diego regulations (Gallegos & Associates 1993).
About 75% of the site boundary falls within the current Project APE. Dudek revisited the portion of the site that falls within the Project APE. The vegetation growth within the site was very dense, and the visibility was less than 10%.
Dudek recorded two pieces of debitage on the surface: a tan quartzite primary flake and a tan quartzite interior flake (Exhibit 6). Both flakes were recorded with GPS points, photographed, and left in situ.
Exhibit 6. Quartzite Primary Flake Recorded Inside Recorded Boundary of CA-SDI-010148 CA-SDI-021860 (P-37-035815)
CA-SDI-021860 was recorded by HELIX Environmental as a light lithic scatter identified following 15 acres of wetlands restoration grading. HELIX Environmental identified 17 prehistoric artifacts within the grading tailings.
Dudek revisited CA-SDI-021860 and no cultural resources were observed. Some of the recorded site boundary was covered by the San Diego River, and therefore impassable. Much of the site was covered in dense vegetation, and the visibility was generally very poor (Exhibit 7). There were a few pedestrian trails throughout the site and modern debris strewn about.
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Exhibit 7. CA-SDI-021860 Overview; View West
5.4.2 Newly Identified Cultural Resources in the Project APE SDRFM-DF-S-001
Dudek recorded SDRFM-DF-S-001 as a historic period linear rock feature with a small historic period refuse concentration. The main component of the site is the linear rock feature (F-01), which measures approximately 685.0 ft (E/W) x 7.5 ft (N/S) x 3.0-4.0 ft height. F-01 is comprised of two rows of numerous softball-to-basketballsized rock cobbles (with sporadic chucks of concrete as well), situated in an east–west fashion, with a gap between the two rows. The rocks associated with F-01 are enclosed in rusty chicken coop wires. F-01 is also just 12.0 ft north of Chubb Lane, a paved road. One small concentration of historic debris (C-01) is situated in the western half of F-01, primarily containing glass fragments. Additionally, one point-provenienced artifact (A-01), a colorless glass bottle base, was recorded within C-01.
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The linear rock feature F-01 is present on historic aerial photographs from as early as 1953 (NETR 2025). In addition, to the east of North Magnolia Avenue, the area appears to have been used for agricultural purposes in the mid-20th century.
SDRFM-DF-S-002
Dudek recorded SDRFM-DF-S-002 as a historic period site consisting of two features: Feature 1 (F-01) is a poured rectangular foundation pad that measures approximately 45.0 ft N/S x 20.0 ft E/W x 1.0 in height; and Feature 2 (F-02) is a rectangular concrete footing that measures 9.0 ft N/S x 16.0 ft E/W, and each footing section is about
8.0 in tall and 8.0 in wide. F-02 is situated about 75.0 ft northeast of F-01. No historic artifacts or features were identified within or around either F-01 or F-02. F-01 had white graffiti covering a portion of the concrete slab. Historic aerial photographs from the early 1960s display outlines of the foundations (NETR 2025).
SDRFM-DF-S-003
Dudek recorded SDRFM-DF-S-003 as a prehistoric site consisting of one bedrock milling element on a granitic boulder. The milling element is a circular mortar on top of a granitic boulder feature. The mortar measures 19.0 cm N/S x 19.0 cm E/W x 7.0 cm depth. No artifacts were recorded adjacent to the site. No other milling elements were recorded as well. The north side of the granitic boulder has white markings on it, which suggest that graffiti was once present on the boulder and then removed. There was no obvious soil accumulation along the bottom of the boulder, at the ground surface level suggesting it may have been moved to this location. However, although the boulder is near development, there were no obvious markings on the boulder suggesting that it had been transported from elsewhere. , which may suggest SDRFM-DF-S-003 was moved to this location. Although there were no obvious markings on the base of the boulder, it is situated near development. A review of several historic aerial photographs from the mid-20th century (years 1953, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1971), strongly suggests that the area within the immediate vicinity of the site has undergone significant grading and development (NETR 2025). Given the location of the milling feature and its visibility, it may have been moved from elsewhere. Additionally, Reviewing reports SD-15518 and SD-01276 indicate the presence of a previously recorded site, W-689, in the vicinity of SDRFM-DF-S-003. W-689 was recorded in 1975 by S. Cupples, which consisted of a prehistoric milling site with a number of different milling features, plus debitage, handstones, and groundstone artifacts. The location of site W689 is described as being within the vicinity of SDRFM-DF-S-003, but the mapping is not clear as to whether it intersects the Project APE. As such, it is plausible that a milling feature from W-689 was moved to the current location recorded as SDRFM-DF-S-003, and thus not in situ.
SDRFM-DF-I-001
Dudek recorded SDRFM-DF-I-001 as a prehistoric isolate consisting of one unidirectional quartzite core that measures 15.0 x 9.5 x 5.0 cm. SDRFM-DF-I-001 was left in situ.
SDRFM-DF-I-002
Dudek recorded SDRFM-DF-I-002 as a prehistoric isolate consisting of one brown metavolcanic interior flake. The isolate was left in situ.
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SDRFM-DF-I-003
Dudek recorded SDRFM-DF-I-003 as a prehistoric isolate consisting of one brown metavolcanic mid-stage biface fragment that measures 4.0 x 3.5 x 1.0 cm. SDFRM-DF-I-003 was left in situ. 18611.01 51
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6 Findings and Recommendations
6.1 Resource Evaluation
The current study identified nine cultural resources within the Project APE: CA-SDI-005050, CA-SDI-010148, CASDI-021860, SDRFM-DF-S-001, SDRFM-DF-S-002, SDRFM-DF-S-003, SDRFM-DF-I-001, SDRFM-DF-I-002, and SDRFM-DF-I-003 (Confidential Appendix D). SDRFM-DF-I-001, SDRFM-DF-I-002, and SDRFM-DF-I-003 are isolates and, because of their limited data potential, are not considered significant cultural resources or historic properties.
The remaining resources could potentially be impacted by project activities so archival research and field analysis were conducted to evaluate the NRHP or CRHR eligibility of the potentially impacted resources: CA-SDI-005050, CA-SDI-010148, CA-SDI-021860, SDRFM-DF-S-001, SDRFM-DF-S-002, and SDRFM-DF-S-003 CA-SDI-005050 (P-37-005050)
CA-SDI-005050 was originally recorded by Pettus in 1979 as a prehistoric site with midden soil, numerous milling features, a handful of debitage, milling artifacts, and ceramics. The site has not been previously evaluated for significance. Dudek revisited the site and recorded nearly 10 milling features, several artifacts, debitage, and ceramic sherds on the ground surface.
Dudek recommends the avoidance of CA-SDI-005050. If avoidance is not feasible, Dudek recommends archaeological testing to determine if the resource is eligible for the NRHP or CRHR. See Section 6.2 for effects analysis and recommendations for avoidance of CA-SDI-005050.
CA-SDI-010148 (P-37-010148)
CA-SDI-010148 is a prehistoric lithic and ceramic scatter. Caltrans (1985; 1986) conducted archaeological testing of the site and identified nearly 1,400 artifacts (mostly lithics) and nearly 2,500 faunal bone, charcoal, and fireaffected rocks were recovered during Phase II testing. Caltrans (1986) deemed CA-SDI-010148 not eligible for the NRHP due to previous agricultural disturbance, low frequency and variety of cultural artifacts, and scarcity of datable remains. However, during the construction monitoring of an adjacent water facility, Gallegos & Associates (1993) identified a previously unrecorded western extension of CA-SDI-0010148. Following data recovery of this western extension, Gallegos & Associates (1993) and the City of San Diego considered the western extension significant under CEQA and City of San Diego regulations. The eastern portion of CA-SDI-010148, the portion located within the City of Santee’s jurisdiction and the current Project APE, was not tested by Gallegos & Associates.
Gallegos & Associates (1993) recommended that a similar data recovery plan should be implemented should anyone propose the development of the eastern portion of CA-SDI-010148, i.e., the portion of the site located within the current Project APE.
Due to the conflicting recommendations of significance for CA-SDI-010148, it is difficult to determine the significance of the site based on the existing data. Because Gallegos & Associates (1993) identified multiple intact hearth features adjacent to the current Project APE, it is likely that the “fire-affected rock” identified by Caltrans (1985; 1986) within the current Project APE may indicate the presence of other hearth features. However, Gallegos & Associates did not conduct any testing within the current Project APE making their recommendation for data recovery within the current Project APE seem overzealous.
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Dudek recommends the avoidance of CA-SDI-010148. If avoidance is not feasible, Dudek recommends archaeological testing to determine if the resource is eligible for the NRHP or CRHR. See Section 6.2 for effects analysis and recommendations for avoidance of CA-SDI-010148.
CA-SDI-012860021860 (P-37-035815)
CA-SDI-012860021860 was recorded by HELIX Environmental as a result of grading and habitat improvements in 2015, and a low quantity of prehistoric lithic artifacts were recovered. The grading expanded over 15 acres and and went to a depth of 6 ft below the ground surface. Following grading, HELIX Environmental investigated the spoils piles and identified 17 artifacts including lithic artifacts, debitage, groundstone, and one ceramic body sherd.
Two unidentified faunal bones, shell, and fire-affected rock were also noted. Modern trash was noted as being prevalent throughout the project site. All artifacts were recovered out of context from spoils piles, therefore, the site boundary for CA-SDI-021860 is based on the extent of grading for the wetland restoration project.
Additionally, the alluvial setting of the site (active river floodplain) means that it is likely some of the cultural material has washed downstream from other areas. A Late Prehistoric village site was recorded a short distance upstream from the site, and buried resources have been identified during monitoring at other projects upstream, for example CA-SDI-20693 at San Diego Women’s Detention Facility, and CA-SDI-19370 at the proposed Liberty High School.
HELIX Environmental noted that the scattered artifacts identified at CA-SDI-021860 could be the result of cultural material washing downstream or could represent a single cohesive site (or a combination of both), however, the area has been too disturbed by previous events and grading for the wetland restoration project that they couldn’t make a conclusive determination (HELIX Environmental Planning 2015).
In essence, the collection of the artifacts in 2015 served as the site testing, and it is unlikely to contain further subsurface components. as the site has been graded over 15 acres and to a depth of 6.0 ft.
Dudek revisited the site in 2025 and did not record any cultural materials within the stie boundaries.
There is no evidence to suggest that CA-SDI-012860021860 is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history, or the cultural heritage of California or the United States (Criterion 1/A); the site is not associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or national history (Criterion 2/B); and the site does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values (Criterion 3/C). There were no observed buried deposits associated within CA-SDI-012860021860. Rather, only 17 artifacts and small quantities of bone and shell were identified out of context within spoils piles of graded soils. This limited assemblage spanning over 15 acres of graded soils is extremely sparse. Also, the soils within these 15 acres were graded to depths of 6 feet, which would have destroyed any cultural deposits that may have been present. Therefore, the site is unlikely to contain an archaeological deposit that can be excavated and therefore does not contain any data potential that could provide information regarding the history of the area (Criterion 4/D). Therefore, the site is recommended as not eligible for listing in the CRHR and not significant under CEQA. Likewise, the resource is recommended as not eligible for listing in the NRHP.
SDRFM-DF-S-001
SDRFM-DF-S-001 consists of a historic period linear rock feature with a small historic period refuse concentration.
SDRFM-DF-S-001 represents the remnants of a mid-20th century irrigation feature, which appears to have been larger and more expansive as shown on historic aerial photographs available from as early as 1964 (NETR 2025). As such, SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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the larger context of the irrigation feature is lost and the integrity is poor. Further, there is no evidence to suggest that SDRFM-DF-S-001 is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history, or the cultural heritage of California or the United States (Criterion 1/A); the site is not associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or national history (Criterion 2/B); and irrigation features of this type and construction are ubiquitous throughout Southern California and does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values (Criterion 3/C). There is no contextual information associated with the historic period refuse concentration that associate link the feature or concentration to a particular individual or group. Nor does the site identify ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status, or other characteristics of the person(s) who utilized the site. The refuse concentration also does not appear to have a subsurface component. Therefore, the site is unlikely to contain an archaeological deposit that can be excavated nor does it contain any data potential that could provide information regarding the history of the area (Criterion 4/D). Therefore, the site is recommended as not eligible for listing in the CRHR and not significant under CEQA. Likewise, the resource is recommended as not eligible for listing in the NRHP.
SDRFM-DF-S-002
SDRFM-DF-002 consists of two poured concrete features, and the site appears in the earliest historic aerial photographs from the 1960s. It likely represents remnants of structural foundations from the mid-20th century.
Further, there were no artifacts recorded to link the site to a certain date or activity. The site contains two concrete pads, which are not unique features; the site also most likely does not contain a subsurface component. Dudek recommends the avoidance of SDRFM-DF-002. If avoidance is not feasible, Dudek recommends archaeological testing to determine if the resource is eligible for the NRHP or CRHR. See Section 6.2 for effects analysis and recommendations for avoidance of SDRFM-DF-002.
There is no evidence to suggest that SDRFM-DF-S-002 is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history, or the cultural heritage of California or the United States (Criterion 1/A); the site is not associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or national history (Criterion 2/B); and the site does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values (Criterion 3/C). There were no artifacts associated with the site, and buried deposits within SDRFM-DF-S-002 are unlikely. Therefore, the site is unlikely to contain an archaeological deposit that can be excavated and therefore does not contain any data potential that could provide information regarding the history of the area (Criterion 4/D). Therefore, the site is recommended as not eligible for listing in the CRHR and not significant under CEQA. Likewise, the resource is recommended as not eligible for listing in the NRHP.
SDRFM-DF-S-003
SDRFM-DF-S-003 represents a single prehistoric bedrock milling feature. The site was recorded in a section of the Project APE visible to most pedestrians. Importantly, the site would have been difficult for previous recorders to miss. No soil buildup or noteworthy erosion was recorded at the base of the boulder. Further, although some of the images are of poor quality, a review of several historic aerial photographs from the mid-20th century (years 1953, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1971), strongly suggests that the area within them immediate vicinity of the site has undergone significant grading and development (NETR 2025). Given the location of the milling feature and its visibility, it may have been moved from elsewhere. Furthermore, there is some evidence from the records search that may suggest SDRFM-DF-S-003 being a transplant from a previously recorded site. Reports SD-15518 and SD-01276 both indicate the presence of a previously recorded site in the vicinity of SDRFM-DF-S-003. Recorded in 1975 by Sue SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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Anne Cupples, archaeological site W-689 consisted of a prehistoric milling site with a number of different milling features, plus debitage, handstones, and groundstone artifacts. The location of site W-689 is described as being within the vicinity of SDRFM-DF-S-003, but the mapping is not clear as to whether it intersects the Project APE. As such, it is plausible that a milling feature from W-689 was moved to the current location recorded as SDRFM-DF-S003, and thus not in situ.
There is no evidence to suggest that SDRFM-DF-S-003 is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history, or the cultural heritage of California or the United States (Criterion 1/A); the site is not associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or national history (Criterion 2/B); and the site does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values (Criterion 3/C). There were no artifacts associated with the site, and, because it appears that the milling feature was relocated from somewhere else, buried deposits within the vicinity of SDRFM-DF-S-003 are unlikely. Therefore, the site is unlikely to contain an archaeological deposit that can be excavated and therefore does not contain any data potential that could provide information regarding the history of the area (Criterion 4/D). Therefore, the site is recommended as not eligible for listing in the CRHR and not significant under CEQA. Likewise, the resource is recommended as not eligible for listing in the NRHP. However, it is possible that SDRFM-DF-S-003 may contain some Native American cultural value. Dudek recommends the avoidance of SDRFM-DF-S-003. See Section 6.2 for effects analysis and recommendations for avoidance of SDRFM-DF-S-003.
6.2 Effects Analysis and Recommendations
The records search and pedestrian survey identified nine cultural resources within the Project APE: CA-SDI005050, CA-SDI-010148, CA-SDI-021860, SDRFM-DF-S-001, SDRFM-DF-S-002, SDRFM-DF-S-003, SDRFM-DF-I001, SDRFM-DF-I-002, and SDRFM-DF-I-003 (Confidential Appendix D). The current assessment evaluated P-37- 035815CA-SDI-021860, SDRFM-DF-S-001, SDRFM-DF-S-002, SDRFM-DF-I-001, SDRFM-DF-I-002, and SDRFM-DFI-003 and recommends these resources not eligible for listing on the NRHP or CRHR. As such, no further archaeological review or avoidance measures are recommended. Likewise, the current assessment evaluated and recommends SDRFM-DF-S-003 not eligible for listing on the NRHP or CRHR. However, though it is not a historic property or significant under CEQA, the relocated milling feature SDRFM-DF-S-003 may have some Native American cultural value. As such, Dudek recommends that damage to the milling feature itself be avoided during prescribed fuel reducing treatments.
CA-SDI-005050 consists of a surface scatter of prehistoric artifacts and bedrock milling features. No archaeological testing has been previously conducted to determine if buried deposits are present nor has this resource been evaluated for listing on the NRHP or CRHR. Due to the surface scatter and features present, and the potential for significant buried deposits, even surficial prescribed fuel reducing treatments have the potential to impact or adversely affect this resource. Dudek recommends that this resource be treated as NRHP and CRHR eligible under criteria D/4, as formal evaluations have not been conducted, and is therefore treated as a historic property. It is recommended that the Project completely avoid the resource.
CA-SDI-010148 consists of a prehistoric deposit containing primarily lithic artifacts, faunal bone, charcoal, and fireaffected rock within the current Project APE, while a western extension of the resource contains intact hearth features. The resource’s NRHP and CRHR eligibility status is inconclusive since previous testing within the current APE resulted in recommendations of no significance (Caltrans 1985, 1986), but testing in the western extension SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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resulted in recommendations that the entire site boundary be subject to data recovery (Gallegos & Associates 1993). Further testing within the current Project APE would be required to determine the NRHP and CRHR eligibility status. Dudek recommends that this resource be treated as NRHP and CRHR eligible under criteria D/4, as formal evaluations have not been conducted, and is therefore treated as a historic property. While both studies agree that the surface of CA-SDI-010148 was extensively disturbed by years of farming activity, river flooding events, and bioturbation, it is likely that if intact NRHP or CRHR significant cultural deposits are present, they are located below the plow depth of previous agricultural activities, likely deeper than 18 inches. This is supported by the current and previous surveys (ASM Affiliates 2009), which noted no intact cultural scatters or features on the surface. To avoid potentially significant deposits located deeper than 18 inches, Dudek recommends the avoidance of potentially significant deposits at P-37CA-SDI-010148 by limiting prescribed fuel reduction treatments to only those activities that require no excavation. These activities may include cutting of vegetation with hand tools, removal of trees at ground level and leaving the stumps in place, distribution of herbicide, or similar activities requiring no ground disturbance. Mechanized excavations have the potential to impact potentially significant deposits below the previously disturbed agricultural soils and are not permitted within CA-SDI-010148.
Due to the presence of known cultural resources within the Project APE and the increased likelihood of encountering cultural resources near waterways, Dudek recommends full-time archaeological monitoring during ground disturbing activities. Dudek also recommends the presence of a Kumeyaay Native American monitor during initial ground disturbing activities.
Table 7 provides a summary of each previously recorded resource and each newly recorded resource identified during the current survey. Table 7 includes management recommendations for each resource per the findings of this study.
Table 7. Cultural Resources Management Recommendations
Primary
Number
Temporary ID Trinomial
NRHP/CRHR
Status Description Effect
Recommendations/
Mitigation
Measures
P-37-010148 CA-SDI-010148 Dudek
recommends
further testing to
determine
eligibility
Lithic
scatter
Intersects
APE;
potential
effects
Avoidance of
potentially significant
buried deposits
below 18 inches. No
excavation permitted.
Only vegetation
cutting permitted.
Cultural resources
monitoring required.
P-37-005050 CA-SDI-005050 Unevaluated Bedrock
milling; lithic
and ceramic
scatter
Intersects
APE;
potential
effects
Potential adverse
effects. Complete
avoidance of
resource. Cultural
resources monitoring
required.
P-37-035815 CA-SDI-021860 6Z (Found
ineligible through
survey
evaluation)
Lithic
scatter
Intersects
APE; no
effect
No adverse effects.
No mitigation is
required.
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Table 7. Cultural Resources Management Recommendations
Primary
Number
Temporary ID Trinomial
NRHP/CRHR
Status Description Effect
Recommendations/
Mitigation
Measures
SDRFM-DF-S-001 — 6Z (Found
ineligible through
survey
evaluation)
Linear rock
feature
Intersects
APE; no
effect
No adverse effects.
No mitigation is
required.
SDRFM-DF-S-002 — 6Z (Found
ineligible through
survey
evaluation)Dudek
recommends
further testing to
determine
eligibility
Historic
foundations
Intersects
APE;
nopotential
effect
NoPotential adverse
effects.
No mitigation is
Complete avoidance
of resource. Cultural
resources monitoring
required.
SDRFM-DF-S-003 — 6Z (Found
ineligible through
survey
evaluation)
Bedrock
milling
Intersects
APE;
potential
effects
Potential tribal
cultural value.
Avoidance of impacts
to bedrock feature.
Cultural resource
monitoring required.
SDRFM-DF-I-001 — 6Z (Found
ineligible through
survey
evaluation)
Lithic core Intersects
APE; no
effect
No adverse effects.
No mitigation is
required.
SDRFM-DF-I-002 — 6Z (Found
ineligible through
survey
evaluation)
Lithic flake Intersects
APE; no
effect
No adverse effects.
No mitigation is
required.
SDRFM-DF-I-003 — 6Z (Found
ineligible through
survey
evaluation)
Lithic biface
fragment
Intersects
APE; no
effect
No adverse effects.
No mitigation is
required.
Based on the results and recommendations provided, this study finds that, with the proposed mitigation measures, the Project would have no impact on significant resources under CEQA and no adverse effect to historic properties under Section 106 of the NHPA.
6.3 Mitigation Measures
Dudek recommends the following mitigation measures to prevent the inadvertent disturbance to cultural resources during Project implementation.
MM CR-1 Resource Avoidance. Measures shall be taken to prevent inadvertent disturbance of archaeological resource sites CA-SDI-005050, CA-SDI-010148, SDRFM-DF-S-002, and SDFRM-DFS-003. Prior to the commencement of any ground disturbing activities within 100 feet of the SAN DIEGO RIVER FIRE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – PHASE 1 CITY OF SANTEE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY,
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resource boundaries of CA-SDI-005050, CA-SDI-010148, SDRFM-DF-S-002, and SDRFM-DF-S003, temporary work buffers shall be placed to protect the sites from inadvertent disturbances associated with project implementation. Following Project implementation within the vicinity of CASDI-005050, CA-SDI-010148, SDRFM-DF-S-002, and SDRFM-DF-S-003, the temporary work buffers shall be removed. Temporary work buffers may include exclusionary fencing, flagging, and/or Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) signage. An archaeological monitor shall guide the placement and erection of the temporary work buffers to assure archaeological sites CA-SDI005050, CA-SDI-010148, SDRFM-DF-S-002, and SDRFM-DF-S-003 are properly protected.
Temporary work buffers shall remain in place for the duration of Project activities occurring in the vicinity of the resource. Following completion of work within each protected area, buffers shall be removed. The archaeological monitor shall confirm that removal occurs only after all potential disturbance risks have ended.
Under no circumstances shall Project personnel, equipment, or materials enter the established buffer zones. If construction staff, monitors, or City representatives observe potential encroachment or damage, ground‑disturbing activities shall be immediately redirected or halted until appropriate corrective action is taken.
MM CR-2 Cultural Resources Monitoring. To mitigate for potential impacts to previously unknown, buried cultural resources within the Project APE and to prevent impacts to known archaeological resources, an archaeological monitoring program shall be implemented pursuant to the City of Santee (City) regulations, the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), and Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and shall include the following requirements:
▪ Pre-Construction
▪ The applicant shall contract a Secretary of Interior qualified Lead Archaeologist to oversee the cultural monitoring program. The Lead Archaeologist shall contract with a Kumeyaay monitor to conduct Native American monitoring for the Project.
- Pre-construction meeting to be attended by the Lead Archaeologist and Kumeyaay Native American monitor(s) to explain the monitoring requirements. ▪ Construction
- Monitoring. Both the archaeological and Kumeyaay Native American monitor(s) are to be on site during initial ground disturbing activities. The frequency and location of monitoring of native soils will be determined by the Lead Archaeologist in consultation with the Kumeyaay Native American monitor(s).
- If cultural resources are identified:
- Both the archaeological and Kumeyaay Native American monitor(s) have the authority to divert or temporarily halt ground disturbance operations in the area of the discovery. - The archaeological monitor shall contact the Lead Archaeologist. - The Lead Archaeologist shall contact the City.
- The Lead Archaeologist in consultation with the City and Kumeyaay Native American monitor(s) shall determine the significance of discovered resources.
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- Construction activities will be allowed to resume after the City has concurred with the significance evaluation.
- Isolates and non-significant deposits shall be minimally documented in the field.
Should the isolates and non-significant deposits not be collected by the archaeological monitor, the Kumeyaay Native American monitor(s) may collect the cultural material for transfer to a Tribal curation facility or repatriation program. - If cultural resources are determined to be potentially significant, avoidance measures will be developed by the Lead Archaeologist in consultation with the Kumeyaay Native American monitor(s) and approved by the City. If avoidance is not feasible, a research design and data recovery plan shall be prepared by the Lead Archaeologist in consultation with the Kumeyaay Native American monitor(s) and approved by the City.
The preferred option is avoidance.
- If human remains are identified
- Upon the identification of possible human remains, no further disturbance shall occur in the area of the find until procedures stipulated in Public Resources Code §5097.98, CEQA §15064.5 and Health & Safety Code §7050.5 are completed. ▪ Upon completion of project ground disturbance, a final report shall be prepared substantiating that earth-disturbing activities are completed and whether cultural resources were encountered. A copy of the final report shall be submitted to the South Coastal Information Center and any culturally affiliated tribe who requests a copy.
MM CUL-3 Unanticipated Discovery of Human Remains. In order to mitigate impacts to human remains to a level that is less than significant, procedures for proper treatment of unanticipated discoveries must comply with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines. In the event of discovery of unanticipated human remains, personnel shall comply with Public Resources Code Section 5097.98, CEQA Section 15064.5, and Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 during earth-disturbing activities:
If any human remains are discovered, the construction personnel or the appropriate representative shall contact the County Coroner and the City. Upon identification of human remains, no further disturbance shall occur in the area of the find until the County Coroner has made the necessary findings as to origin. If the remains are determined to be of Native American origin, the Most Likely Descendant, as identified by the Native American Heritage Commission, shall be contacted by the property owner or their representative in order to determine proper treatment and disposition of the remains. The immediate vicinity where the Native American human remains are located is not to be damaged or disturbed by further development activity until consultation with the Most Likely Descendant regarding their recommendations as required by California Public Resources Code Section 5097.98 has been conducted. California Public Resources Code Section 5097.98, CEQA Section 15064.5 and Health & Safety Code Section 7050.5 shall be followed.
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Brian F. Smith and Associates. 2015. Cultural Resources Monitoring Report for the San Diego Trail - Walker Preserve Project, CIP 2011-35, Santee, San Diego County, California. SCIC Report SD-15518.
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Appendix A
Project Personnel
1 Micah Hale, PhD, RPA
SENIOR ARCHAEOLOGIST
Micah Hale is Dudek’s cultural resources practice manager and lead principal investigator, with technical expertise as a lithic and groundstone analyst, invertebrate analyst, and in ground penetrating radar. Over the course of his 23-year career, Dr. Hale has served as a principal investigator in the public and private sector for all levels of archaeological investigation, as a public outreach coordinator and as an assistant professor at the University of California (UC), Davis. As Dudek’s cultural resources practice manager, he currently functions as a principal investigator in project oversight including proposals, research designs, fieldwork, artifact analysis, and report authorship.
Dr. Hale’s experience is both academic and professional spanning California, Arizona, Nevada, and Oregon, including work for Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) Southwest, California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), Western Area Power Administration, Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), California State Parks, various city and county agencies, and directly for Native American groups.
Dr. Hale has supervised numerous large-scale surveys, test excavations, data recovery programs, and geoarchaeological investigations, served as a third-party review consultant, and an expert witness in legal proceedings. He has authored research designs, management and treatment plans, proposals, preliminary and final reports, and technical analyses. Dr. Hale has integrated his personal research interests into projects and participated in professional symposia at local and national venues, including the Society for American Archaeology and the Society for California Archaeology. Additionally, he has conducted academic research in the Polar Arctic, Greenland. Dr. Hale’s current focus is on hunter-gatherer archaeology of California and the Great Basin, applying theoretical premises of cultural evolution and human behavioral ecology.
Dr. Hale currently assists in the preparation of technical descriptions and analyses for environmental impact statements and reports at the state and federal levels for Dudek projects. Examples of completed environmental sections include those prepared for the Yokohl Ranch, Rio Mesa Solar, Soitec Rugged and Tierra Del Sol Solar, San Diego Gas and Electric’s (SDG&E) Wood to Steel project, and various others.
Project Experience
Development
Phase II Archaeological Data Recovery for the Newland Homes Sierra Project, San Diego County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervising data recovery investigations at two significant prehistoric archaeological sites and historic archival research of a homestead in support of the Newland Sierra Environmental Impact Report (EIR). (2013–Present)
Education
University of California,
Davis
PhD, Anthropology, 2009
BS, Anthropology, 1996
California State University,
Sacramento
MA, Anthropology, 2001
Certifications
Register of Professional
Archaeologists (RPA)
Professional Affiliations
Antelope Valley
Archaeological Society
San Diego Archaeological
Society
Society for American
Archaeology
Society for California
Archaeology
2 Phase I Archaeological Inventory and Phase II Archaeological Evaluation for the Yokohl Ranch Project, Tulare County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised completion of 12,000 acre survey and archaeological evaluation of 85 prehistoric and historical archaeological sites in support of the Yokohl Ranch EIR. (2012–2013)
Phase I Inventory and Phase II Cultural Resources Evaluation for the Star Ranch Project, RBF Consulting, San Diego County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised CEQA inventory and evaluation for private development. (2011)
Phase II Archaeological Evaluation of Two Prehistoric Sites, Torrey Pines Glider Port, San Diego County, California.
As project manager and principal investigator, supervised CEQA evaluation of two prehistoric archaeological sites for the Torrey Pines City Park General Development Plan. (2012) Data Recovery of One Prehistoric Site for the Rhodes Property, Sea Breeze Properties, San Diego County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised CEQA compliant data recovery of a large prehistoric site for a residential development.
Archaeological Survey of the Paramount Mine Exploratory Drilling Project, Essex Environmental, Mono County, Nevada. As principal investigator and field director, conducted archaeological survey for mining exploration and prepared the technical report. (2006)
Phase I Inventory of 1,544 Acres and Phase II Evaluation of Archaeological Sites along the Western and Northwestern Boundaries, Edwards Air Force Base, Kern County, California. As field director, supervised a Phase I inventory of 1,544 acres. Recorded 30 new archaeological sites, more than a dozen "sub-modern" refuse dumps, and a variety of isolate finds. Notable sites include several early Holocene lithic scatters (Lake Mojave-, Silver Lake-, and Pinto-age deposits), a rhyolite lithic quarry, and a complex of historic dumps associated with homesteading activities around Lone Butte. (2005)
Archaeological Survey of the La Mesa Meadows Residential Development Project, Helix Environmental, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator, conducted a survey of a proposed residential development in San Diego County. (2005)
Pankey Ranch Testing, Pardee Homes, Northern San Diego County, California. As field director, supervised excavation of shovel test pits to delineate the boundaries of site CA-SDI-682, the prehistoric village of Tom-Kav.
Managed field personnel, conducted excavation, and wrote portions of technical report. (2004) Oceanside Hilton EIR, Dudek Associates, Oceanside, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator and field director, conducted a survey of the proposed Hilton Hotel at the eastern end of Buena Vista Lagoon in Carlsbad and prepared portions of technical report for an EIR. (2004) Data Recovery of Locus O, Star Canyon Development, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians, Palm Springs, Riverside County, California. As field director, supervised field crews for data recovery mitigation of an archaeological deposit and human remains near Tahquitz Canyon. Coordinated with Native American representatives and prepared portions of the technical report. (2004) Linda Vista Survey, City of San Marcos Planning Department, San Diego County, California. As field director, conducted a Phase I cultural resource inventory of the proposed road realignment in San Marcos. Prepared technical reports and made recommendations for additional work to be done within the project area. (2003) 3 Archaeological Monitoring for Williams Communications Fiber-Optic Line, Jones and Stokes Associates, San Luis Obispo and Bakersfield, Kern and San Luis Obispo Counties, California. As resource monitor/Native American coordinator, conducted archaeological monitoring for a fiber-optic cable installation project that spanned 180 miles from San Luis Obispo to Bakersfield. Identified and protected archaeological resources in the project area in compliance with state and federal regulations. Managed Native American monitors and coordinated daily work with construction and environmental staff to facilitate project completion. (2001) Subsurface Survey of a Proposed Bicycle Path Along the Columbia River Slough in Northwest Portland, City of Portland, Multnomah County, Oregon. As field archaeologist, conducted auger testing in a variable north-to-south transect at 30-meter intervals, and unit mapping. (2000) Phase II Test Excavations, AT&T, Portland, Multnomah County, Oregon, and Vancouver, Clark County, Washington.
This project determined the presence and condition of any cultural resources in the project areas that were situated on the northern and southern sides of the Columbia River in Washington and Oregon. (1999) AT&T Cable Removal Project, Jones and Stokes Associates, Taft to Los Angeles, Kern and Los Angeles Counties, California. As field archaeologist, conducted a survey to determine archaeological impact by the removal of a leadlined subsurface cable. (1998) Education
Data Recovery for the Palomar North and Meadowood Projects, Palomar College, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator, supervised Section 106 and CEQA-compliant data recovery of the ethnohistoric village of Tom-Kav. Expert witness for litigation of archaeological work for the client. (2012) Data Recovery Excavations in Advance of Geotechnical Coring at W-12, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised data recovery excavations in a midden dated as early as 9,600 years before present. (2009) Archaeological Test Excavations at Selected Sites on Vandenberg Air Force Base, University of California, Davis, Lompoc, Santa Barbara County, California. As principal investigator and field director, supervised and instructed 21 students for the 2008 UC Davis Field School. (2008)
Archaeological Survey and Excavations in the Polar Arctic, University of California Davis, Northwest Greenland. As researcher, conducted a project for the National Science Foundation, National Geographic, and the Inglefieldland Polar Archaeology Expedition; UC Davis. (2006)
Energy
Phase II Evaluation of 19 Archaeological Sites for Soitec’s Tierra Del Sol Solar Project, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator, oversaw and implemented significance evaluations, including fieldwork and documentation, under CEQA and San Diego County guidelines within the development footprint. (2012–2013) Phase II Evaluation of 42 Archaeological Sites for Soitec’s Rugged Solar Project, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator, oversaw and implemented significance evaluations, including fieldwork and documentation, under CEQA and San Diego County guidelines within the development footprint. (2012-2013) 4 Class III Cultural Resources Inventory for the Level 3 Fiber Optic Installation Project, Fort Irwin Army Reserve and BLM, San Bernardino County, California. As Project manager and co-principal investigator, oversaw and implemented cultural resource inventory of fiber optic corridor and recordation and evaluation of contributing elements to the NRHP-eligible LADWP transmission line corridor. (2012–2013) Third-Party Compliance Monitoring for the Ocotillo Wind Energy Farm, Ocotillo, Imperial County, California. As principal investigator, oversaw and implemented compliance assistance to the BLM to ensure adherence to mitigation measures and proper treatment of cultural resources. (2012–2013) Third-Party Compliance Monitoring for the Tule Wind Project, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator, oversaw and implemented compliance assistance to the Bureau of Land Management to ensure adherence to mitigation measures and proper treatment of cultural resources. (2012–2013) Third-Party Compliance Monitoring for the East County Substation Project, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator, oversaw and implemented compliance assistance to the BLM and California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) to ensure adherence to mitigation measures and proper treatment of cultural resources. (2012–2013)
Third-Party Compliance Monitoring for the Rio Mesa Solar Project, Riverside County, California. As principal investigator, oversaw and implemented compliance assistance to the BLM to ensure adherence to mitigation measures and proper treatment of cultural resources. (2012–2013) Class III Cultural Resources Inventory for Soitec’s Fort Irwin Solar Project, San Bernardino County, California. As project manager and co-principal investigator, oversaw and implemented cultural resources inventory. (2013) Phase II Archaeological Testing of One Historic Site for the Cool Valley Solar Project, RBF Consulting, San Diego County, California. As project manager, supervised implementation of archaeological testing of a historic airfield near Campo. (2012)
Phase II Archaeological Testing of Four Prehistoric Sites for the Gildred Solar Project, RBF Consulting, San Diego County, California. As project manager, supervised implementation of archaeological testing of four small prehistoric sites along the ancient Lake Cahuilla shoreline. (2012) Phase II Archaeological Testing of One Prehistoric Site for the Borrego A and B Solar Projects, RBF Consulting, San Diego County, California. As project manager, supervised implementation of archaeological testing of a large prehistoric habitation site in the Imperial Valley. (2012) Phase I Cultural Resources Inventories for the Sol Orchard and Sol Focus Solar Projects, RBF Consulting, San Diego County, California. As project manager, supervised implementation of Phase I CEQA inventories for more than 22 solar projects. (2012)
Class II Survey of 4,700 Acres for the Silurian Wind Project, Iberdrola Renewables, San Bernardino County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised Section 106 inventory of proposed renewable energy project. (2011)
Class III and Class II Cultural Resources Inventory for the Tule Wind Alternative Energy Project, HDR Engineering for Iberdrola Renewables, San Diego County, California. Serve as project manager and principal investigator.
Supervised inventory of 6,000 acres and recordation of nearly 200 archaeological sites, and assisted the BLM in preparation of a programmatic agreement between Iberdrola and the California State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO). (2010)
5 Monitoring of the Installation of Meteorological (MET) Towers for the Tule Wind Project, HDR Engineering, San Diego County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised archaeological and Native American monitors during MET tower installation in the Tule Wind project area. (2010) Jamul Substation 6, SDG&E, Jamul, San Diego County, California. As field director, conducted an intensive pedestrian survey of 18 acres in Jamul for a proposed substation construction project. Identified and recorded two archaeological sites within the project area. Prepared the technical report. Coordinated with paleontology subconsultant and incorporated paleontology report into ASM’s archaeology technical report. (2004) Path 15 Transmission Line Corridor, Steigers Corporation, San Joaquin Valley, Fresno and Merced Counties, California. Served as field director. Supervised survey of over 87 miles of 400-foot transmission line corridor and over 46 miles of access roads in Merced and Fresno Counties. Supervised field crew, documented sites, coordinated with Native American representatives, coordinated access to survey areas, and prepared portions of technical report. (2004)
Carmel Valley Substation Survey, SDG&E, Carmel Valley, San Diego County, California. As field director, conducted a Phase I cultural resource inventory of a proposed power substation. (2003) Federal
Ground-Penetrating Radar Survey and Class III Inventory for the Friendship Circle Project, Department of Homeland Security, Gulf South Research Corporation, San Diego County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised and implemented a ground-penetrating radar survey and surface survey for the Friendship Circle project at Border Fields State Park, San Diego.
Healthcare
Kaiser Permanente Murrieta Valley Medical Center Preliminary Environmental Impact Report (PEIR), City of Murrieta, California. Acted as Principal Investigator on the Kaiser Murrieta project, overseeing a Phase I cultural resources inventory and Phase II archaeological significance evaluation of one prehistoric resource. Assisted the City with Tribal communication and analysis of potential impacts to a viewshed considered sensitive by local Native Americans. All studies were completed to comply with CEQA guidelines in support of an EIR.
Military
Phase II Evaluation of 31 High Complexity Sites on Edwards Air Force Base, CH2MHill/JT3, Kern and Los Angeles Counties, California. As project manager, oversaw Section 106 test excavations at 31 prehistoric archaeological sites. (2010)
Phase II Evaluation of 85 Archaeological Sites on Edwards Air Force Base, CH2MHill/JT3, Kern and Los Angeles Counties, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised Section 106 test excavations at 42 prehistoric and 43 historic archaeological sites. (2010) Western Acquisition Survey, Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center (MCAGCC) Twentynine Palms, San Bernardino County, California. As principal investigator, managed the survey of 10,000 acres on land administered by the BLM in Johnson Valley, west of the base. Duties included project management, coordination with BLM Barstow field office and MCAGCC 29 Palms personnel, coordinating and supervising field crews, as well as document preparation. (2010)
6 Management Plan for the Coso Rock Art National Historic Landmark (NHL), Naval Air Weapons Station (NAWS) China Lake, Inyo County, California. As project manager, supervised and co-authored a management plan for the Coso Rock Art NHL, including arranging and implementing stakeholder meetings and field testing the implementation plan. (2010)
Section 110 Intensive Archaeological Survey of the Cole Flat Training Area, NAWS China Lake, Inyo County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised the survey of 5,400 acres near the Coso Rock Art NHL. (2009)
Phase I Survey of Selected Parcels in Five Training Areas, MCAGCC Twentynine Palms, San Bernardino County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised survey of 4,500 acres in the Blacktop, Lava, Lavic Lake, Sunshine Peak, and Quackenbush training areas. (2009) Phase I Survey of Aerial Maneuver Zones for the 53 Aerial Maneuver Zone (AMZ) Project, MCAGCC Twentynine Palms, California. As project manager and principal investigator, supervised survey of 72 AMZ’s. (2009) Client Reference: Leslie Glover, MCAGCC 29 Palms, 760.830.5369.
Cultural Resources Inventory and Evaluation for the Skaggs Island Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission (BRAC) Disposal Archaeological Survey, Naval Communications Station, Sonoma County, California.
As principal investigator, supervised survey of installation and recordation and evaluation of historic civilian and military resources. (2011–2012)
Phase I Survey of 8,100 Acres on Edwards Air Force Base, ACOE, Kern County, California. As principal investigator, supervised survey of 8,100 acres on Edward Air Force Base. (2008–2009) Phase I and II Survey of 2,500 Acres and Evaluation of 50 Sites on Edwards Air Force Base, ACOE, Kern County, California. As principal investigator, supervised survey of 2,500 acres and evaluation of 50 sites on Edward Air Force Base. (2008)
Cultural Resources Inventory and Evaluation for the Concord Inland BRAC Disposal Archaeological Survey, Naval Weapons Station, Seal Beach, Detachment Concord, Contra Costa County, California. As principal investigator, supervised survey of 5,200 acres and recordation and evaluation of historic civilian and military resources, and prehistoric archaeological sites.
Archaeological Evaluation of Eight Prehistoric Sites in the Emerson and Quackenbush Training Areas, ACOE, MCAGCC Twentynine Palms, San Bernardino County, California. As field director, supervised excavation of eight prehistoric sites on the Marine Corps base in Twentynine Palms, California. (2005) Archaeological Evaluation of 22 Sites on Edwards Air Force Base, ACOE, San Bernardino County, California. As field director, supervised the National Register evaluation of 22 sites at Edwards Air Force Base. (2005) Naval Base Point Loma Site Recordation, NAVFAC Southwest (SW), Point Loma, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator and field director, supervised relocation of 33 sites located on Naval Base Point Loma.
Reviewed site documentation and re-recorded sites that were improperly documented by past surveys. (2004) Archaeological Testing of 23 Sites in the Las Pulgas Corridor, Marine Corps Base (MCB) Camp Pendleton Environmental Security, MCB Camp Pendleton, San Diego County, California. As field director, supervised field crews for Phase II testing and mechanical coring of 23 sites on Camp Pendleton. Coordinated with coring contractor and base personnel. Documented sites in the field. Supervised field crews and prepared portions of technical report. (2004)
7 Rose-Arizone, Clay, and Photo Drainage, and Road Improvement Surveys, NAVFAC SW, San Clemente Island, Los Angeles County, California. As field director, supervised archaeological surveys and the placement of protective signing on 750 sites. Coordinated access to the island and supervised one crew member. (2004) Remote Sensing, NAVFAC SW, Naval Auxiliary Landing Field (NALF) San Clemente Island, Los Angeles County, California. As GPS specialist, conducted data collection and image rectification for a remote sensing project in the detection of archaeological sites on the base. Supervised one crew member. (2004) MCB Camp Pendleton Burn Survey, MCB Camp Pendleton Environmental Security, MCB Camp Pendleton, San Diego County, California. As field director, supervised an archaeological survey of 1,500 acres in the De Luz and Case Springs areas of Camp Pendleton. Managed field crews, documented archaeological sites, prepared site forms and portions of technical report. (2002)
Survey of Yuma Stormwater Basin, NAVFAC SW, Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Yuma, Yuma County, Arizona. As field director, supervised survey of stormwater basin along the Marine Corps airfield at MCAS Yuma. Managed field crew and prepared technical report. Client (2002) Archaeological Coring of the Red Beach Site (SDI-811), MCB Camp Pendleton Environmental Security, MCB Camp Pendleton, San Diego County, California. As field director, supervised first phase of a geologic coring project for a shell midden site along the coast of MCB Camp Pendleton, San Diego County. Coordinated with coring contractor and base personnel. Managed field monitors and field crew. (2002) Archaeological Testing and Survey of the Lemon Tank Area, NAVFAC SW, NALF San Clemente Island, Los Angeles County, California. Conducted excavations, survey, and site recording. (2002) Evaluation of Nine Prehistoric Sites, Edwards Air Force Base, San Bernardino County, California. As field archaeologist, evaluated nine sites through excavation to determine overall sensitivity and value of the archaeological remains that characterize the region. (1999) Evaluation of Four Prehistoric Sites, Jones and Stokes Associates, Camp Roberts National Guard, San Luis Obispo County, California. As field technician, conducted excavation in order to determine the boundaries of the site for further mitigation. (1998)
Archaeological Survey and Excavation, ACOE, MCAGCC Twentynine Palms, San Bernardino County, California. As field archaeologist, participated in nine field rotations averaging 10 days each. Conducted survey of portions of the Marine Corps base to determine the distribution of cultural materials, and subsequently excavate sites based on priority. This area is characterized as high desert with the typically associated flora and fauna and archaeological sites that range in age from Early to Late Holocene. (1998) Resource Management
South Sacramento Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) EIR, County of Sacramento, California. Led the cultural resources effort on the South Sacramento HCP Project, including development of a long-term plan for analyzing cultural resources constraints and assisting multiple agencies in their tribal outreach obligations.
Archaeological Survey of the Silver Lake Recreation Area, El Dorado Irrigation District, California. As principal investigator and field director, supervised an archaeological survey of the Silver Lake Recreation area. (2006) 8 Archaeological Data Recovery Excavations at Border Fields State Park, California State Parks, Imperial Beach, San Diego County, California. As field director, supervised excavation of prehistoric sites located within the APE of a fence along the U.S.–Mexico Border in San Diego County. Prepared technical report. (2005) Archaeological Salvage Excavations of Two Ollas in Hellhole Canyon, BLM, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator, relocated a cache of prehistoric ceramic artifacts uncovered during wildfires in San Diego County. Documented cache and collected artifacts for subsequent reconstruction in the ASM laboratory. Prepared technical report detailing project. (2005)
Archaeological Data Recovery Excavations at CA-SDI-16691, Jackson Pendo Development Company, Escondido, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator, supervised data recovery excavation at a Late Prehistoric site in Escondido, California. (2005)
El Cuervo Wetlands Mitigation, City of San Diego Land Development Review Department and Mitigation Monitoring Coordination, Carmel Valley, San Diego County, California. As co-principal investigator, supervised an archaeological monitoring project in central San Diego County, conducted test excavation of one site identified during monitoring. The site was evaluated as not significant. Prepared portions of technical report and supervised on-site monitor. (2004)
Milk Vetch Emergency, Imperial Irrigation District (IID), Imperial County, California. As archaeological monitor, conducted emergency monitoring along transmission line corridor in Imperial County. Coordinated with IID and construction personnel. Prepared technical report. (2002) Burial Salvage Excavations at the Sucking Carp Site (CA-MER-295), Great Valley Grassland State Park, California Department of Parks and Recreation, Los Banos, Merced County, California. As field supervisor, directed excavations at CA-MER-295 in the central San Joaquin Valley in order to salvage cultural remains (including burials) from further destruction by the San Joaquin River. (1999) Transportation
Ortega Highway Monitoring, City of San Juan Capistrano, Orange County, California. As project manager, supervised Dudek’s principal investigator to coordinate archaeological, tribal, and paleontological mitigation monitoring associated with the construction of water conveyance facilities and road repairs. (2013) Archaeological Testing and Ground Penetrating Radar Study of the Forester Creek Biological Mitigation Area, Caltrans District 11, Santee, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator and field director, supervised archaeological testing of a private parcel. (2005)
Rail Bridge (at mile marker 230.6) Replacement, North County Transit District, Agua Hedionda, Carlsbad, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator and field director, managed an archaeological survey of an APE associated with the replacement of and historic railroad bridge. Recorded archaeological sites within APE and prepared portions of technical report. (2004)
Little Lake Phase II Testing, Caltrans District 5, Little Lake, Inyo County, California. As field director, supervised Phase II testing of four sites including the ethnohistoric village of Pagunda near the town of Little Lake.
Supervised field crews, coordinated fieldwork with Caltrans and subconsultants, and prepared portions of technical report. (2004)
Extended Phase I Testing, Caltrans District 05, Little Lake, Inyo County, California. As field director, supervised fieldwork for extended Phase I testing of one prehistoric site along U.S. Route 395 (US 395) in Inyo County.
Prepared portions of technical report. (2003)
9 Cartago and Olancha Four-Lane Project Test Excavations, Caltrans District 05, Inyo County, California. Serve as field director. Supervised test excavations of 15 sites for the proposed widening of US 395 near Cartago and Olancha. Supervised all fieldwork and managed a team of 12 field archaeologists. Coordinated selected specialized studies, conducted ground stone analysis, and prepared large portions of the resulting 800-plus-page report. (2002)
Survey of Amtrak Second Mainline Right-of-Way, North County Transit District, Oceanside, San Diego County, California. As co-field director, managed an archaeological survey of 6.2 miles of North County Transportation District railroad right-of-way near San Onofre, California. (2002) State Route 905 (SR 905) Survey, Caltrans District 11, San Diego County, California. Served as co-field director.
Cconducted survey and recorded sites along the SR 905 right-of-way in southern San Diego County. Documented three prehistoric sites within the proposed right-of-way. Created site maps and prepared site forms. (2002) Evaluation of 11 Sites along US 395, Caltrans District 05, Blackrock, Inyo County, California. As crew chief, managed 6–18 personnel, prepared paperwork and report. Made decisions surrounding site excavations in Owens Valley. Project included Phase II test excavation of numerous sites ranging in age from early to late Holocene. (2002)
Phase I Survey, Caltrans District 10, Stockton, San Joaquin County, California. As field archaeologist, conducted various survey and excavation projects for Caltrans throughout central California. Conducted survey and excavation, operated as a graduate student assistant to the District 10 archaeologist dealing with compliance issues, prepared site mapping and technical reports including Archaeological Survey Reports (ASR), Historic Properties Survey Reports (HPSR), and Negative Declarations. (1997) Phase I Survey/TEA, Caltrans, Inyo and Mono Counties, California. As field archaeologist, conducted survey of most major highways in Mono and Inyo Counties, California. Documented the distribution of all cultural material within the Caltrans right-of-way in order to determine impacts by road widening. (1996–1997) Tribal
Section 106 Mitigation Development and Tribal Consultation Assistance, BLM, San Diego County, California. As project manager, assisted the BLM in development of Historic Properties Treatment Plan, Tribal Participation Plan, and other mitigation measures for the Tule Wind project, McCain Valley California. (2011–2012) Mitigative Screening, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians, Palm Springs, Riverside County, California. As field director, supervised archaeological mitigation of an impacted burial site on the Agua Caliente Reservation.
Prepared mapping of the project, coordinated field efforts with Tribal representatives, oversaw monitoring of the project, and prepared portions of the technical report. (2003) Water/Wastewater
San Clemente Water Recycling Monitoring, City of San Clemente, Orange County, California. As project manager, supervised Dudek’s principal investigator to coordinate archaeological, tribal, and paleontological mitigation monitoring associated with the construction of a new water conveyance pipeline. Duties include preparation of a discovery and treatment plan. (2013)
Poseidon Resources Desalination Plant and Pipeline Monitoring, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California. As project manager, supervised Dudek’s principal investigator to coordinate archaeological, tribal, and paleontological mitigation monitoring associated with the construction of the desalination plant and a new water conveyance pipeline. Duties include preparation of a discovery and treatment plan and evaluation of archaeological discoveries. (2013)
10 Lee Lake Cultural Resources Inventory, Lee Lake Water District, Riverside County, California.. As project manager, supervised Dudek’s principal investigator to coordinate and implement cultural resources inventory for the construction of a new pipeline and water storage facility. (2013) Poseidon Resources Desalination Plant and Pipeline Wetland Mitigation Archaeological Evaluation, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. As project manager and principal investigator, developed methods and strategies to evaluate archaeological deposits most likely related to the 1782 ethnohistoric Kumeyaay village of La Punta located within the wetland mitigation area. Project included geotechnical coring and backhoe exploration to locate and evaluate buried archaeological deposits Duties included assistance provided to the USFWS for NAGPRA consultation and implementation. (2013)
Cultural Resources Monitoring for the City of Napa Levee Improvement Project, ACOE, Sacramento District, Sacramento, California. As principal investigator, supervised archaeological monitoring requiring HAZWOPER certified archaeologists to treat historical archaeological discoveries for a levee and stormwater improvement project. (2010–2011)
Data Recovery Excavations at the Ridge Hill Facilities Site (SDI-18472), Padre Dam Municipal Water District (PDMWD), San Diego County, California. As principal investigator, supervised data recovery of a complex late prehistoric habitation site. (2009)
San Clemente Canyon Survey, City of San Diego Metropolitan Wastewater Department, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. As principal investigator and field director, supervised and conducted an intensive pedestrian survey of proposed access road maintenance for the San Clemente Canyon sewer line. Two cultural resources were identified. Conducted site documentation, prepared sites forms and technical report. Managed survey crew member. (2004)
Lake Murray Survey, City of San Diego Metropolitan Wastewater Department, La Mesa, San Diego County, California. As field director, conducted survey of proposed trunk sewer replacement in La Mesa. Prepared portions of the technical report. (2003)
Phase II Testing, IID, Imperial County, California. As field director, supervised Phase II testing of eight sites in the Colorado Desert. Managed field crews, conducted test excavations, and prepared site documentation and portions of the technical report. (2003)
Carmel Valley Archaeological Monitoring, City of San Diego Metropolitan Wastewater Department, Carmel Valley, San Diego County, California. As field monitor for pre-trenching for placement of sewer line, conducted monitoring and wrote portions of technical report. (2002)
Relevant Previous Experience
Teaching
▪ 2008: Assistant Professor, Archaeology, UC Davis
▪ 2008: Instructor/Principal Investigator, 2008 UC Davis Archaeology Field School, Vandenberg Air Force Base, California.
▪ 2005–2008: Level III Teaching Assistant, UC Davis; taught discussion sections/ lectures for Human Evolution, Archaeology, and Human Ecology
11 ▪ 1998–1999: Acted as Public Education Coordinator for the Museum of Anthropology at UC Davis; included instructing a course teaching archaeology students how to inform the public about the value of anthropology through in-class presentations, exhibits, and the building of 'teaching trunks' for people in grades 1–12 of primary and secondary education
▪ 1997–1998: Substitute teacher with an Emergency Credential in the Woodland and Davis Joint Unified School Districts for grades K–12, all subjects excluding foreign languages ▪ 1997–Present: Regularly perform presentations about the value of archaeology in classrooms at the level of the grades 1–12
▪ 1996: Teaching assistant at the UC Davis archaeological field school; job duties included student management and instruction in the methods of excavation and survey.
Specialized Training
▪ 2012 – Accounting and Finance for Non-Financial Managers, UCSD Rady School of Business Management ▪ 2010 – ESOP Planning and Management, UCSD Rady School of Business Management ▪ 2004 – Ground Penetrating Radar Field Methods and Interpretation Certificate ▪ 2002, 2010 – GPS Field Methods Training, ASC Scientific Publications
Hale, Micah J. 2012. “Malcolm Rogers’ Archaeology in Coastal San Diego.” Book chapter in preparation; edited by Don Laylander.
Hale, Micah J. 2011. “Modeling Socioeconomic Discontinuity in Southern Alta California.” In, California Archaeology 2:2: December 2010, pp. 203–250.
Hale, Micah J. 2010. “A Comment on Hildebrandt et al. (2009) Shellfish Transport, Caloric Return Rates, and Prehistoric Feasting.” In California Archaeology 3:111–113.
Hale, Micah J. 2009. Santa Barbara and San Diego: Contrasting Adaptive Strategies in Southern California. PhD dissertation; University of California, Davis.
Hale, Micah J. n.d. Preserving Cultural Heritage Through Public Outreach: A Curriculum for Jr. High and High School.
Hale, Micah J. 2005. Processing Economies, Coastal Settlement, and Intensification in Northern San Diego County. In Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology, Volume 18.
Hale, Micah J. 2001. Technological and Social Organization of the Millingstone Horizon in Southern California.
Master’s thesis; California State University, Sacramento.
Hale, Micah J. 2000. Consumer Anthropology: Theory and Method of Recognizing and Interpreting Consumption Patterns for Product Development and Marketing Strategies. Developed for Richard Knight, Director of Intelligent Products, Addidas, USA.
Hale, Micah J., Richard McElreath, and Robert Bettinger. 2012. (in prep.) Modeling Time Minimizing and Energy Maximizing Adaptive Strategies.
Hale, Micah J., and Peter Richerson. 2012. (in prep.) Investigating the Rate-Limiting Factors of Cultural Evolution:
Archaeological Evidence from Southern California.
12 Hale, Micah J., and Bruce Winterhalder. 2012. (in prep.) Discontinuous Sociocultural Evolution Selected Technical Reports
Hale, Micah J. 2010. “Limited Archaeological Excavations at SDI-4669 (SDM-W-12A).” In Advance of Geotechnical Coring, University House Rehabilitation Project, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Submitted to Ione Stiegler Architecture, La Jolla, California. Report on file at South Coastal Information Center, SDSU.
Hale, Micah J. 2010. Results of Archaeological Monitoring for Meteorological Masts in McCain Valley, San Diego County, California. Prepared for HDR Engineering Inc.
Hale, Micah J. 2007. Archaeological Survey of the Silver Lake Recreation Area, El Dorado Irrigation District, El Dorado County, California. Prepared for Trish Fernandez, El Dorado Irrigation District, El Dorado County, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2005. “Ground Stone Analysis.” In From the Coast to the Inland: Prehistoric Settlement Systems Along the Las Pulgas Corridor, Camp Pendleton, California, by Micah J. Hale and Mark S. Becker. Report submitted to Southwest Division of Naval Facilities.
Hale, Micah J. 2005. Cultural Resources Inventory for the Proposed San Diego Model Schools Development Project.
ASM Affiliates Inc., Carlsbad, California. Prepared for the City of San Diego, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Cultural Resources Inventory for the Replacement of Bridge 230.6 over Agua Hedionda Lagoon, San Diego County, California. Submitted to North County Transit District, San Diego County, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Cultural Resources Inventory for the Gawle Property, San Diego County, California.
Submitted to Helix Environmental for the City of San Diego.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Cultural Resources Inventory for the Hines Nursery, San Diego County, California. Submitted to Hines Nurseries, Rainbow Valley, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Cultural Resources Inventory for the San Clemente Canyon Trunk Sewer Maintenance and Access Routes, San Diego County, California. Submitted to Metropolitan Wastewater Department, City of San Diego, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Cultural Resources Inventory for the Montezuma Trunk Sewer Replacement, San Diego County, California. Submitted to Metropolitan Wastewater Department, City of San Diego, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Cultural Resources Inventory for the Oceanside Hotel EIR, San Diego County, California.
Submitted to Dudek for the City of Oceanside, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Historic Resources Mitigation Monitoring of the El Cuervo Norte Project, San Diego County, California. Submitted to the City of San Diego.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Emergency Test Excavations of an Exposed Olla, Riverside County, California. Submitted to BLM, Riverside County, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Cultural Resources Monitoring for Geotechnical Coring Related to the All-American Canal Lining Project, Imperial County, California. Submitted to Imperial Irrigation District, Imperial County, California. 13 Hale, Micah J. 2004. Cultural Resources Monitoring of Geotechnical Coring Related to the Coachella Canal Lining Project, Riverside County, California. Submitted to Imperial Irrigation District, Riverside County, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. “Ground and Battered Stone Analysis.” In Data Recovery Investigations at the Eucalyptus Site, CA-SDI-6954, San Diego County, California. Prepared by Don Laylander, ASM Affiliates Inc., Carlsbad, California. Submitted to EDAW Inc.
Hale, Micah J. 2003. Cultural Resources Inventory for the Linda Vista Drive Re-Alignment Alternatives, City of San Marcos, California. Submitted to Nolte for the City of San Marcos.
Hale, Micah J. 2003. Cultural Resources Inventory for the Lake Murray Trunk Sewer Replacement, San Diego County, California. Submitted to the Metropolitan Wastewater Department, City of San Diego, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2000. Cultural Resource Monitoring Report. Jones and Stokes Associates Inc. Prepared for AT&T Corp., Atlanta, Georgia, for the AT&T cable removal project from Lucin, Utah, to Red Bluff, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2000. “Ground and Battered Stone Analysis.” In Report on Excavations at Four Locations in the Lead Mountain Vicinity of the Twentynine Palms Marine Base, edited by Mark Basgall. Sacramento Archaeological Research Center.
Hale, Micah J. 2000. “Ground and Battered Stone Analysis.” In Report on Excavations at CA-MER-295, edited by Mark Basgall and R. Bethard. Sacramento Archaeological Research Center.
Hale, Micah J. 2000. “Invertebrate Analysis.” In Report on Excavations at CA-MER-295, edited by Mark Basgall and Mark Giambastiani. Sacramento Archaeological Research Center.
Hale, Micah J. 2000. “Site Reports for Sites SBR-9415 and SBR-9420.” In Report on Excavations at Lead Mountain in Twentynine Palms Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Training Center, edited by Mark Basgall.
Sacramento Archaeological Research Center.
Hale, Micah J. 1999. “Ground and Battered Stone Analysis.” In Muddle in the Middle: Phase II Excavations of Five Sites in Kern County, California, edited by Mark Basgall. Prepared for V. Levulett, Environmental Management, Caltrans District 5, San Luis Obispo. Sacramento Archaeological Research Center.
Hale, Micah J., and Brad Comeau. 2009. Data Recovery Excavations at CA-SDI-18472 for the Proposed Padre Dam Municipal Water District Secondary Connection Project (Ridge Hill Facilities) Johnstown, San Diego County, California. Prepared for Mr. Albert Lau, Engineering Manager, Padre Dam Municipal Water District.
Hale, Micah, Brad Comeau, and Chad Willis. 2010. Class II and Class III Cultural Resources Inventory Report for the Tule Wind Project, McCain Valley, San Diego County, California. Prepared for HDR Engineering Inc.
Report on file at the South Coastal Information Center, SDSU.
Hale, Micah J., and John R. Cook. 2005. Results of Ground Penetrating Radar Investigations at CA-SDI-10148 in the Forester Creek Biological Mitigation Site, San Diego County, California. With contributions by Jeffrey S.
Patterson. Prepared for Chris White, Caltrans District 11.
Hale, Micah J., and Mark S. Becker. 2006. From the Coast to the Inland: Prehistoric Settlement Systems Along the Las Pulgas Corridor, Camp Pendleton, California. ASM Affiliates, Carlsbad, California. Submitted to Southwest Division of Naval Facilities.
14 Hale, Micah J., and Mark A. Giambastiani. 2010. A Cultural Resources Inventory for Sample Surveys in Selected Training Areas, Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center (MCAGCC), Twentynine Palms, San Bernardino County, California. Prepared for Marine Air Ground Task Force Training Command, Natural Resources and Environmental Affairs, Twentynine Palms, California.
Hale, Micah, and Mark Giambastiani. 2010. Archaeological Resources Survey Report Aerial Maneuver Zone (AMZ) Project at the Marine Air Ground Task Force Training Command, Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center, Twentynine Palms, California, San Bernardino County, California. Prepared for Marine Air Ground Task Force Training Command, Natural Resources and Environmental Affairs, Twentynine Palms, California.
Hale, Micah, and Mark Giambastiani. 2010. An Archaeological Survey of 3,650 Acres at Cole Flat, Naval Air Weapons Station (NAWS), China Lake, California. Prepared for Mike Baskerville, Base Archaeologist, NAWS China Lake, California.
Hale, Micah J., Mark Giambastiani, Michael Richards, and David Iversen. 2009. Phase II Cultural Resource Evaluations at 51 Archaeological Sites in Management Regions 1A, 1B, 2B, 2C, and 3E, Bissell Hills and Paiute Ponds, Edwards Air Force Base, Kern and Los Angeles Counties, California. Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers under contract numbers W91238-07-F-0051 and W91238-07-F-0052.
Basgall, Mark, Lynn Johnson, and Micah Hale. 2002. An Evaluation of Four Archaeological Sites in the Lead Mountain Training Area, Marine Air Ground Task Force Training Command, Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center, Twentynine Palms, California. Prepared for United States Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center, Twentynine Palms, California. Prepared by Archaeological Research Center, Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Studies, Department of Anthropology, California State University, Sacramento.
Becker, Mark S., and Micah J. Hale. 2004. “Flaked Stone and Ground Stone Artifact Analysis.” In Phase II Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of CA-INY-3647, CA-INY-3650/H, CA-INY-3826, and P-14-7356, Little Lake Rehabilitation, U.S. 395, Inyo County, California, edited by Brian Byrd and Seetha Reddy, ASM Affiliates. Prepared for Caltrans District 6, Fresno.
Byrd, Brian F., and Micah J. Hale. 2005. Testing and Evaluation of CA-SDI-13,930 on Camp Pendleton Marine Corps Base, San Diego County, California: A Paleoenvironmental Approach. ASM Affiliates, Carlsbad, California.
Prepared for Southwest Division Naval Facilities Engineering Command.
Byrd, Brian F., and Micah J. Hale. 2004. Final Report on the Rose-Arizone Site Survey and Documentation, San Clemente Island. Prepared for Dr. Andrew Yatsko, NAVFAC SW, South Bay Area Focus Team.
Byrd, Brian F., and Micah J. Hale. 2004. Final Report on the San Clemente Island Protective Signing and Maintenance Project. Prepared for Dr. Andrew Yatsko, NAVFAC SW, South Bay Area Focus Team.
Byrd, Brian F., and Micah J. Hale. 2004. Final Report on the San Clemente Island Road Improvement Survey.
Prepared for Dr. Andrew Yatsko, NAVFAC SW, South Bay Area Focus Team.
Byrd, Brian F., Micah J. Hale, and Sinéad Ní Ghabhláin. 2004. “Archaeological Testing at INY-3647.” In Phase II Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of CA-INY-3647, CA-INY-3650/H, CA-INY-3826, and P-14-7356, Little Lake Rehabilitation, U.S. 395, Inyo County, California, edited by Brian Byrd and Seetha Reddy, ASM Affiliates. Prepared for Caltrans District 6, Fresno.
15 Byrd, Brian F., Micah J. Hale, and Sinéad Ní Ghabhláin. 2004. “Archaeological Testing at INY-3650/H.” In Phase II Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of CA-INY-3647, CA-INY-3650/H, CA-INY-3826, and P-14-7356, Little Lake Rehabilitation, U.S. 395, Inyo County, California, edited by Brian Byrd and Seetha Reddy, ASM Affiliates. Prepared for Caltrans District 6, Fresno.
Byrd, Brian F., Micah J. Hale, and Sinéad Ní Ghabhláin. 2004. Archaeological Testing at INY-3826. In Phase II Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of CA-INY-3647, CA-INY-3650/H, CA-INY-3826, and P-14-7356, Little Lake Rehabilitation, U.S. 395, Inyo County, California, edited by Brian Byrd and Seetha Reddy, ASM Affiliates. Prepared for Caltrans District 6, Fresno.
Byrd, Brian F., and Micah J. Hale. 2003. Final Report on Extended Phase I Excavation at CA-INY-2207/2758, Little Lake Rehab Project, Inyo County, California. ASM Affiliates, Encinitas. Prepared for Lynn Faraone, Chief, Central California Cultural Resource Branch, California Department of Transportation.
Byrd, Brian F., and Micah J. Hale. 2002. Phase II Investigations of 15 Prehistoric Sites for the Cartago-Olancha FourLane Project, U.S. 395, Owens Valley, California. ASM Affiliates Inc. Prepared for Caltrans District 6, Fresno.
Byrd, Brian F., and Micah J. Hale. 2001. Research Design for Phase II Investigations of 14 Prehistoric Sites for the Cartago-Olancha Four-Lane Project, U.S. 395, Owens Valley, California. ASM Affiliates Inc. Prepared for Caltrans District 6, Fresno.
Cook, John R., Collin O’Neill, and Micah J. Hale. 2001. Archaeological Survey for the Amtrak Second Main Line, San Onofre Segment, MP 210.1 to 214.7, San Diego County. ASM Affiliates Inc. Draft report prepared for North County Transit District.
Giambastiani, M., M. Hale, M. Richards, and S. Shelley. 2008. Draft Report Phase II Cultural Resource Evaluations at 47 Archaeological Sites on the East and Northeast Shores of Rogers Lake, Management Region 3, Edwards Air Force Base, Kern and Los Angeles Counties, California. Report submitted to Edward Air Force Base, Base Historic Preservation Officer.
Giambastiani, G., M. Hale, S. Ni Ghabhláin, and D. Iversen. 2006. Phase II Cultural Resource Evaluation of 21 Archaeological Sites along the Western and Northwestern Boundary Fence, Edwards AFB, Kern and Los Angeles Counties, California. Submitted to Earth Tech Inc., Colton, California.
Hector, Susan, Micah J. Hale, and Catherine Wright. 2003. Cultural Resource Inventory of the Path 15 Los BanosGates Transmission Line Construction Project, Merced and Fresno Counties, California. Contract No. 03- 186-01-01-ASM. Prepared for Steigers Corporation, Littleton, Colorado.
Laylander, Don, and Micah J. Hale. 2004. Data Recovery Excavations at Locus O, CA-RIV-45. ASM Affiliates Inc., Carlsbad, California. Submitted to Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians.
Reddy, Seetha N., and Micah J. Hale. 2003. Archaeological Survey of Portions of the De Luz Housing Area, O’Neill Lake, and the Case Spring Highlands, Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. ASM Affiliates, Encinitas, California. Prepared for NAVFAC SW, San Diego, California.
Whitley, David, and Micah Hale. 2010. Management Plan for the Coso Rock Art District National Historic Landmark. Prepared for NAVFAC SW, San Diego County, California. 16 Editorial Review
Hale, Micah J. 2011. Editorial Reviewer, Journal of California Archaeology, Left Coast Press, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2011. Editorial reviewer, Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology, Malki Museum Press, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2010. Editorial reviewer, Pacific Coast Archaeology Society, California.
Presentations
Hale, Micah J. 2012. The Data Matter: Contributions of the Sacramento State Archaeological Research Center.
Presented at the 2012 Society for California Archaeology Meetings, San Diego, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2012. Andy Yatsko, the Human Transit: Celebrating His Lifetime Contributions. Presented at the 2012 Society for California Archaeology Meetings, San Diego, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2012. Malcolm Rogers’ Work Along the San Diego Coast. Presented at the 2012 Society for California Archaeology Meetings, San Diego, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2011. Tracing the Origins of Processing Economies in the Far West: A View from Coastal Southern California. Presented at the Yucca Valley Archaeopalooza Conference, 29 Palms, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2011. Adaptive Divergence Among Southern California Hunter Gatherers. Presented at the 2011 Society for California Archaeology Meetings, Rohnert Park, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2011. A 10,000 Year Old Habitation at the University House, La Jolla: Implications for TransHolocene Socioeconomic Stability in San Diego. Presented at the 2011 Society for American Archaeology Meetings, Sacramento, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2010. Using the Ideal Free Distribution to Model Socioeconomic Discontinuity Among HunterGatherers. Paper presented at the 2009 Society for American Archaeology Meetings, St. Louis, Missouri.
Micah Hale, Symposium Chair.
Hale, Micah J. 2005. Investigating the Role of Acorns in Southern California Hunter-Gatherer Economies. Guest Speaker at the Antelope Valley Archaeological Society Meeting.
Hale, Micah J. 2005. Processing Economies, Coastal Settlement, and Intensification in Northern San Diego County. Presented at the Society for California Archaeology, Sacramento.
Hale, Micah J. 2004. Cultural Resource Management in Practice: An Overview of Methodological Approaches.
Presented at the Imperial Valley Desert Museum Annual Meetings.
Hale, Micah J. 2003. The Adaptive Significance of Technological Organization during the Holocene in Southern California. Discussant in a symposium entitled, Change and Cultural Adaptations Along the California Coast. Organized by Seetha Reddy for the 68th Annual Meetings of the Society for American Archaeology, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. David Yesner and Roger Colten, Chairs.
Hale, Micah J. 2003. The Organization of Subsistence Technology in Southern California During the Holocene. Guest Speaker for the San Diego County Archaeological Society, January 28, 2003, San Diego. 17 Hale, Micah J. 2002. Prehistory Along the Southwestern Shore of Owens Lake: Preliminary Results from the Cartago-Olancha Project. Presented at the 2002 Northern California Data Sharing Meetings, Society for California Archaeology, Santa Cruz, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2002. Ground and Battered Stone Along the Western Shores of Owens Lake. Presented at the 2002 Northern California Data Sharing Meetings, Society for California Archaeology, Santa Cruz, California.
Hale, Micah J. 2001. Technological and Social Organization during the Millingstone Horizon of Southern California.
Presented at the Society for California Archaeology Annual Meeting, Modesto.
Hale, Micah J. 1999. The Analysis Method of Formatting Presentations and Lesson Plans in Archaeology.
Presented at the Society for American Archaeology 64th Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois.
Hale, Micah J. 1998. A Practical and Effective Method for Teaching Archaeology to the Public. Presented at the Society for California Archaeology Annual Meeting, San Diego, California.
Awards
2010: NAVFAC SW, Camp Pendleton, Research Grant, $59,000 2008: U.S. Air Force, Vandenberg AFB, Radiocarbon Grant, $25,000 2008: Fieldwork Fellowship, Graduate Studies, UC Davis, $2,010 2007: Fieldwork Fellowship, Graduate Studies, UC Davis, $1,800 2006: Fieldwork Fellowship, Graduate Studies, UC Davis, $5,650 2005–2009: Graduate Fee Fellowship/Stipend, UC Davis, $74,500 Clearances
▪ Department of Defense (DoD) High-Security Clearance for SPAWAR, Naval Base Point Loma, NALF San Clemente Island, Vandenberg Air Force Base, MCAGCC Twentynine Palms, Edwards Air Force Base, NAWS China Lake, Yuma Proving Grounds, and MCB Camp Pendleton 1 David Faith
ASSOCIATE ARCHAEOLOGIST
David Faith (DAY-vid FAYth; he/him) is an archaeologist with 8 years’ experience in cultural resource management, specializing in various aspects of cultural resources investigations, chiefly within the Southern California region, but also with experience in Arizona, Oregon, Nevada, Virginia, and Tennessee. David’s experience includes archival research, reconnaissance surveys, a variety of fieldwork methods, artifact analysis, ground-penetrating radar investigations, and archaeological monitoring. In addition, he has experience with flotation and post-flotation analyses and is proficient in Adobe Illustrator.
Project Experience
Development
Central Wheeler Tank Project, La Mesa, California. As an associate archaeologist, coordinated the cultural and paleontological efforts for the project and presented the Worker’s Environmental Awareness Program to the construction staff. (2025–Ongoing)
Archaeological Data Recovery, Village 8 East, Otay Mesa, California. As an associate archaeologist, took part in the data recovery efforts and spearheaded the laboratory work for the project. (2025–Ongoing) Pacifica Elementary DD, Oceanside, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted archaeological monitoring for the project. (2025) North River Road Storm Drain Improvements, Oceanside, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the pedestrian survey and contributed to the inventory report for the project. (2025)
Hesperia CAZ5 Environmental Compliance Services Project, Hesperia, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the project field director and performed subsurface testing for the project. (2024) Otay River Estuary Restoration Project, San Diego County, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted archaeological monitoring for the project. (2024)
French Valley Childcare Project, Riverside County, California. As an associate archaeologist, performed archaeological monitoring for the project. (2024)
Orange County Fire Authority Wildfire Resource Center Site Evaluation, Orange County, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the Phase I pedestrian survey and served as a coauthor of the cultural resources report. (2024) Education
California State University,
San Bernardino
MA, Applied Archaeology,
2020
Palomar College
Archaeological Excavation
and Survey Courses,
2017–2018
American Military
University
MA, National Security
Studies, 2015
Graduate Certificate in
Intelligence Analysis,
2013
Norwich University
MA, Diplomacy
(International Terrorism
Focus), 2011
University of Tennessee,
Knoxville
BS, Nursing, 2004
Certifications
Registered Professional
Archaeologist, 2025
Professional Affiliations
Society for American
Archaeology, 2025
Pacific Coast
Archaeological Society,
2025
2 Belcaro Sand Canyon Project, Santa Clarita, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. (2024)
Mesa Verde Specific Plan California Environmental Quality Act Project, Riverside, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted a Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. (2024) Hermosillo Park Rehabilitation, City of Norwalk, Norwalk, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted the Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. (2024)
Dillon Circles Warehouse Project, Dillon Circles LLC, Desert Hot Springs, California. As an associate archaeologist, spearheaded the Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. (2024) Yosemite Gardner Site Annexation and Mixed-Use Development, City of Merced, Merced County, California.
As an associate archaeologist, authored the cultural resources records search section of the overall built environment report. (2024)
Huntington Villages Environmental Impact Report, New World International Investments LLC, Arcadia, California.
As an associate archaeologist, authored the cultural resources record search section of the environmental impact report. (2023)
Nakkar Business Park, Nirmal Nakkar, Perris, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted the Phase I cultural survey for the project and authored the survey write-up. (2023) HCC I Lot 5-Environmental Services, Caliente 395, LLC, Phelan, California. As an associate archaeologist, authored the cultural resources record search section of the technical report. (2023) Aquabella Master Project Master Services Agreement, Highland Fairview Operating Company, Riverside County, California. As an associate archaeologist, completed the records search for the project at the appropriate information center. (2023)
Roblar Road Quarry, Roblar Quarry LLC, Sonoma County, California. As an associate archaeologist, authored the archaeological monitoring report for this project. (2023) Valley Creek-Indian Center, Citivest Inc., Valley Center, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as a crew member for the Phase I cultural survey for the project. (2023) Zona Gale 9-Lot TN Subdivision Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration, City of Encinitas, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted Phase II testing for the project and spearheaded the laboratory analysis and cataloging. (2023)
Vista Old Taylor Project, HumanGood Affordable Housing, Vista, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the Phase I pedestrian survey and served as the primary author of the cultural resources report. (2023) Grandview Monitoring Project, California West Communities, Oceanside, California. As an associate archaeologist, authored the archaeological monitoring report. (2023)
Pepper Tree Park Villages, Justus Wallace Peppertree Park Villages 7 & 8 LLC, Fallbrook, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the Phase I pedestrian survey and contributed to the subsequent cultural resources report. (2022)
3 Water Screening and Artifact Analysis Project, City of San Diego, Imperial Beach, California. Responsibilities as an associate archaeologist included leading water screening, artifact analysis, and artifact cataloging for various City of San Diego projects. (2020–Ongoing)
San Marcos Specific Plan Project, AOA San Marcos LLC, San Marcos, California. As an associate archaeologist, spearheaded the records search, pedestrian survey, and cultural resources report for the project. (2022) East Vista Housing Project, TTLC Vista East Vista LLC, Vista, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. (2022)
Murietta Whitewood Apartment Technical Studies, Murietta Whitewood Multifamily, Murietta, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the crew chief and led four archaeologists during the extended Phase I testing for the project. Duties included deciding where to excavate and providing direction to other crew members. (2022) Vista Foothills Project, TTLC Vista East Vista LLC, Vista, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. (2022)
Vista Melrose Residential Mitigated Negative Declaration, TTLC Vista East Vista LLC, Vista, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. (2022) World Logistics Center, Highland Fairview Operating Company, Riverside County, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the both the archaeological monitoring efforts and multiple Phase I pedestrian surveys for the project. Participated in additional site visits and recordation. (2022–Ongoing) Panera Bread Project, Manna Development Group, San Marcos, California. As an associate archaeologist, coordinated the archaeological monitoring efforts and authored the monitoring report for the project. (2022) Lennar Sunbow Project, Lennar Homes of California, Chula Vista, California. As an associate archaeologist, performed cultural monitoring for the project. (2022)
Sandpiper Golf Course Project; Price, Postal, & Parma, LLP; Santa Barbara, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the crew chief for an extended Phase I testing at the golf course. Led a crew of archaeologists for the duration of the work. (2022)
Roadway Gap Closure on College Boulevard Project, CR Associates, Carlsbad, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted a Phase I cultural survey of the project area. (2022) Kaiser Baldwin Park Emergency Department Project, Kaiser Foundation Hospital, Baldwin Park, California. As an associate archaeologist, completed the records search request and collaborated with another staff member to draft the survey report. (2022)
The Heights at Calimesa, Aspire Homes, LLC, Calimesa, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the field director for this Phase II testing and additional survey project. Made decisions on digging methodology and unit placement. (2022)
Ground-Penetrating Radar Project, Tennessee Department of Military, Milan, Tennessee. As an associate archaeologist, assisted the lead archaeologist in preparing the terrain for a ground-penetrating radar survey and helped conduct the survey. (2022)
4 Carlsbad Fire Station Project, City of Carlsbad, Carlsbad, California. As an associate archaeologist, prepared the archaeological monitoring memorandum for the project. (2022) Trilogy at the Polo Club, Polo Estates Venture, LLC, Riverside County, California. As an associate archaeologist, drafted the archaeological and paleontological monitoring memorandum for the project. (2022) The River Street Marketplace, River Street SJC, LLC, San Juan Capistrano, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted fieldwork for the project. (2022) Environmental Services for Idyllwild and the San Jacinto Mountains, County of Riverside, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted the cultural survey for this emergency outdoor warning system project and drafted the survey report. (2022)
Holmes Ranch Restoration Project, Inland Empire Resource Conservation District, Imperial County, California. As an associate archaeologist, spearheaded the Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. This included using a GPS unit to determine where to do transects, assigning roles to the field crew, completing all the fieldwork paperwork, and ensuring that the project area was appropriately surveyed. Additionally, the post-fieldwork activities included report writing, documentation management, and coordination with the project’s archaeological specialist. (2021) Kaiser Permanente Ambulatory Surgery Center, Kaiser Permanente, Murrieta, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted archaeological monitoring of the construction activities at the project. (2021) Lake Drive Storm Drain Project, City of Encinitas, California. As an associate archaeologist, coordinated the pedestrian survey, records search, and served as the lead author for the final technical report. (2021–2022) Lennar Sunrise Housing Development, Lennar Homes of California, Inc., San Marcos, California. As an associate archaeologist, oversaw and coordinated the monitoring efforts for the project. Also, conducted archaeological monitoring of the construction activities at the project site. (2021–Ongoing) El Camino Senior Housing, PMB Carmel Valley LLC, Del Mar, California. As an associate archaeologist, excavated numerous shovel test pits (STPs) as part of Phase II testing for the project. This included using a GPS unit to place the excavations in the most appropriate locations and analyzing the recovered artifacts. (2021) Upham Survey, The Integral Partners Funding LLC, San Marcos, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted a solitary Phase I pedestrian survey and authored the survey write-up. (2021) Warner Springs Ranch Resort, Pacific Hospitality Group, Warner Springs, California. As an associate archaeologist, excavated several sites as part of Phase II testing and performed the initial laboratory analysis and cataloging. (2021) Canyon Springs Medical Center Project, TDA Investment Group, Riverside County, California. As an associate archaeologist, monitored the activities associated with ground-disturbing construction at the project. (2021) Ivanhoe Ranch, PacVentures Inc., El Cajon, California. Responsibilities as an associate archaeologist included assisting in determining where to excavate, using a Trimble GPS unit to record excavation units, and excavating numerous STPs. Furthermore, as associate archaeologist, completed in-depth laboratory analysis of the excavated materials. (2020)
Discovery Street Improvements Project, Vallecitos Water District, San Marcos, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted archaeological monitoring for the removal and replacement of multiple sewage pipes. (2020) 5 Nakano, Pardee Homes, Chula Vista, California. As an associate archaeologist, excavated a host of STPs for Phase II archaeological testing. Additionally, prepared Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) record updates for the project and laboratory analysis. (2020)
San Diego City Monitoring, City of San Diego, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted archaeological monitoring of underground utility removal and replacement. (2020) Desert Hot Springs Library, City of Desert Hot Springs, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted archaeological monitoring of new building construction. Additionally, coauthored the corresponding final monitoring report. (2020)
French Valley Library Project, Riverside County, French Valley, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted archaeological monitoring of new building construction. Additionally, coauthored the corresponding final monitoring report. (2020)
Proctor Valley, Proctor Valley Village 14, Jackson-Pendo Development, Otay, Ranch, California. As a field technician, excavated STPs along the proposed trail during Phase II testing. Responsible for the identification, documentation, and collection of cultural resources. (2017; 2019) Hotel del Coronado North Parking Garage Project, HDC South Beach Development LLC, Coronado, California. As an archaeological field technician, conducted archaeological monitoring for the parking lot extension and new building construction on the premises. Properly recorded feature that was unearthed during the excavation.
Provided support in the recordation and evaluation of other features associated with the National Register of Historic Places. (2019–2020)
Steadfast Carlsbad Project, Steadfast Companies, Carlsbad, California. As a field technician, conducted archaeological monitoring for a new housing development. (2019) Agoura Village East–Extended Phase I Archaeological Investigation, California Commercial Investment Group Inc., Agoura Hills, Los Angeles County, California. Responsibilities as a field technician included excavating STPs and screening excavated soils for artifacts. (2019)
650 Bennet Avenue Project, MooreHoward Investments, LLC, San Marcos, California. As a field technician, performed laboratory processing, analysis, and cataloging of the historic artifacts that were recovered during monitoring. Additionally, authored an in-house document that helped organize the artifacts. (2019) 1225 Cliff Drive Project, Morris Skenderian & Associates, A.I.A., City of Laguna Beach, California. As a field technician, completed archival review to identify known cultural resources within the vicinity of the proposed project site. (2019)
Jefferson at Avalon Specific Plan Project, City of Carson, California. As a field technician, conducted archival and literature research to identify known cultural resources within the proposed project site to address potential impacts as a result of project implementation. (2019)
Berggruen Institute Project, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, City of Los Angeles, California. As a field technician, conducted archival review to identify known cultural resources within the proposed project site. (2019) 6 Wheeler Reef Extension, California State Lands Commission, San Clemente, California. As a field technician, assisted the head archaeologist in a Phase I underwater archaeological survey, prepared the diving gear, assisted the divers on the boat, analyzed the collected materials, and reviewed the diving plans prior to the dives. (2018) Vineyard II Project, Scott-215, L.P./Lambda, LLC, Murrieta, California. As an archaeological field technician, was crew member for a pedestrian survey of a 6-acre commercial development. (2018) Education
Education Outreach, Various Public and Private Schools, San Diego County, California. As a field technician, assisted in numerous education outreach events for elementary-aged children through college students to highlight the importance of archaeology and cultural resource management. (2018–Ongoing) Energy
Equinox Solar, San Bernardino County, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the field director for the pedestrian survey, authored the site descriptions, prepared DPR forms, and contributed to the cultural report. (2025–Ongoing)
Crown Valley Pipeline Replacements, Construction Management and Inspection Services Project, Laguna Niguel, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted archaeological monitoring at the project site. (2025) Bonneville Power Administration Redmond District Cultural Resources Survey, Redmond, Oregon. As an associate archaeologist, served as a crew chief for the pedestrian survey of the project. (2024–2025) Dandelion TO 13, Maricopa County, Arizona. As an associate archaeologist, participated in a large pedestrian survey for the project. (2024)
Portland General Electric, Detroit, Oregon. As an associate archaeologist, conducted a week of archaeological monitoring at the project site. (2024)
Desert Jewel Battery Energy Storage, San Diego County, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the field director for the pedestrian survey of the project area. Authored the survey write-up and completed several mapping edits. (2024)
Adelanto Rinaldi Line I Transmission Line Upgrade, Adelanto, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the field director for the pedestrian survey of the project area. (2024) Pronghorn Solar and Battery Energy Storage System Project, Antelope Valley, California. As an associate archaeologist, led the Phase I pedestrian survey efforts as the field director for the project and contributed to the Phase I report. (2024)
Confidential Solar Project, Nevada, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the field director for a pedestrian survey of the project for potential visual effects. (2024) 7 Confidential Wind Energy Project, Confidential Client, California. As an associate archaeologist, performed flotation and microscopic charcoal and seed analysis for this confidential project. Additionally, as a field technician and associate archaeologist, served as the crew chief for the Phase III data recovery project at a complex prehistoric site and supervised 10 to 15 crew members during the project. Conducted groundpenetrating radar at one of the sites and numerous excavations. Performed laboratory work and other postrecovery artifact analysis efforts. (2020–Ongoing) E-Group 29 Palms Solar Project, K&L Gates, Twentynine Palms, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted the initial site assessments for the project and authored the initial site assessment analysis and recommendations. (2023)
Proxima Green Hydrogen Technology Project, Helio Pro LLC, Los Angeles County, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the field director for Phase II testing. (2023) Confidential Battery Energy Storage Project, Confidential Client, San Diego County, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the lead archaeologist for the Phase I pedestrian survey. (2023) Aratina Solar Project, 29SC 8me LLC, San Bernardino County, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the field director for the Phase II testing. Also served as the primary author for the Phase II testing report. (2023–Ongoing) Bellfield Solar Project, 50LW 8me LLC, San Bernardino County, California. As an associate archaeologist, participated in Phase II testing and spearheaded the laboratory work for the solar energy project. (2022) Confidential Energy Modernization Project, Confidential Client, Riverside County, California. As an associate archaeologist, conducted the Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. (2022) Confidential Solar Energy Project, Confidential Client, Clark County, Nevada. As an associate archaeologist, assisted with the Phase I pedestrian survey for this confidential solar energy project. (2022) Confidential Solar Project, Confidential Client, Central California. As an associate archaeologist, served as a crew member for the Phase I pedestrian survey of the project. (2022) Confidential Solar Energy Project, Confidential Client, California. As an associate archaeologist, completed Phase II tests and subsequent laboratory work for this confidential solar project and led the flotation efforts for organic materials. Conducted archaeological monitoring of solar field development. Additionally, downloaded and edited a large quantity of archaeological monitoring logs for the final report. (2020–2022) Axton Solar Energy Project, Vesper Energy, Axton, Virginia. As an associate archaeologist, led a crew in Phase I archaeological survey and testing, completed excavations, and was responsible for maintaining accurate field notes and photos. (2021)
Confidential Archaeological Investigations Project, Confidential Client, Mojave Desert, California. As an associate archaeologist, reviewed numerous DPR forms to create a comprehensive in-house database for further use.
Edited and created a host of data tables for archaeological research and planning. (2020) Confidential Solar Energy Center, Confidential Client, California. As an associate archaeologist, monitored the pre-construction activities for this confidential solar energy project. (2020) 8 Confidential Solar Power Project, Confidential Client, California. As an associate archaeologist and field technician, properly excavated and recorded numerous STPs in support of the Phase II testing plan for this confidential project. In addition, monitored the pre-construction activities associated with the project. (2019–2020) Confidential Solar Project, Confidential Client, San Diego County, California. As an associate archaeologist, inventoried the artifacts collected during archaeological monitoring to prepare them for delivery to a repository for this confidential solar project. (2020)
Confidential Energy Storage Project, Confidential Client, San Bernardino County, California. As a field technician, assisted in authoring the ethnographic section of the cultural and paleontological report. (2019) Confidential Solar Project, Confidential Client, Mojave Desert, California. As a field technician, participated in the Phase I surveying and recordation of numerous archaeological sites within the project area. (2019) Confidential Wind Energy Repowering Project, Confidential Client, Mojave Desert, California. As an archaeological field technician, served as field crew for a Class III pedestrian survey of Bureau of Land Management land and prepared DPR forms for this confidential wind energy project. (2019) Confidential Wind Energy Project, Confidential Client, San Diego County, California. As a field technician for this confidential wind energy project, conducted pedestrian survey and data recovery testing of cultural resources that would be impacted by the project. Used a GPS unit, documented excavations, and performed in-depth ceramic analysis in the laboratory. (2018)
Confidential Wind Energy Project, Confidential Client, San Diego County, California. As a field technician, conducted a pedestrian survey and data recovery testing for a confidential wind energy project area that encompassed 1,200 acres. Identified and evaluated 21 historic and prehistoric sites. Tasks included artifact analysis and curation preparations, as well as documenting identified sites on DPR forms. (2018) Otay Ranch Village 14 Project, Jackson Pendo Development, Chula Vista, California. As a field technician, processed artifacts from two prehistoric sites and prepared collections from 55 historic and prehistoric sites for curation. (2017–2018)
Transportation
Confidential Transportation Project, Confidential Client, San Bernardino County, California. As an associate archaeologist, serving as a crew chief for this confidential transportation project. The duties include field directing Phase I pedestrian surveys, Phase II tests, and Phase III data recoveries. Duties also include laboratory work, use of Adobe Illustrator to create graphics from fieldwork, mapping, records searches, DPR form submissions and updates, scheduling and outreach, tribal coordination, site descriptions, report writing, and a variety of reportrelated tasks. (2021–Ongoing) Cultural Resources Inventory for Ripley Water Pipeline, County of Riverside, Ripley, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as field crew for the Phase I pedestrian survey for the project. (2022) California High Speed Rail Project, Dragados USA Inc. and Flatiron West Inc., Tulare and Kern Counties, California.
As an associate archaeologist and field technician, organized and prepared numerous cultural and tribal resources survey reports and monthly summaries. (2019–Ongoing) 9 Mid-Coast Transit Constructors; Stacy and Witbeck, Herzog, and Skanska; San Diego, California. As an associate archaeologist, produced vital components of the final monitoring report. In addition, as a cross-trained archaeological and paleontological field technician, monitored drilling, trenching, and excavations throughout San Diego County. (2018–2020)
Resource Management
Cultural and Paleontological Resources Programmatic Agreement, Various Counties, California. As an associate archaeologist, contributed to the records search efforts for this project. (2024–2025) Girl Scout Camp Survey, Black Fox Timber Management Group, Julian, California. As an associate archaeologist, served as the crew chief for a portion of the pedestrian survey and coordinated the post-fieldwork mapping efforts. (2022–2023)
Relevant Project Experience
Records Searches, San Diego and Fullerton, California. As an associate archaeologist, completed the in-person records search for a variety of projects at both the South Coastal Information Center and the South Central Coastal Information Center. (2022–Ongoing)
California Statewide Flake Tool Analysis, In-House Dudek Research, San Diego County, California. As a field technician, completed training in flaked stone debitage and flaked tool analysis to support a statewide study. (2017–2018)
Specialized Training
▪ Metal Detecting Applications in Archaeology, Society for American Archaeology. 2025. ▪ Submerged Cultural Resources Awareness Workshop (Society for Historical Archaeology Conference): An Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology (ACUA) Seminar. 2024. ▪ Underwater Cultural Heritage: An ACUA Seminar. 2020.
▪ New Miner Certification, Mine Safety and Health Administration. 2020. ▪ The Art and Science of Flintknapping, University of California Riverside Extension. 2019. ▪ Artifact Illustration Course. 2018.
Presentations
“A Chronological Analysis of Fish Ridge, San Miguel Island, Channel Islands, California”, 2020. Presented at California State University, San Bernardino’s 9th Annual Meeting of the Minds. 1 Matthew DeCarlo, MA, RPA
ARCHAEOLOGIST
Mr. DeCarlo is an archaeologist with 19 years’ professional experience with both technical and project management expertise. His project management skills include project proposals, client and Native American coordination, task delegation, and junior staff mentorship. He has supervised teams of archaeologists in conducting archaeological surveys ranging from single residential lot developments to large-scale utility, residential, and energy developments spanning multiple counties, states, and local regulating agencies.
He has conducted significance evaluation testing and guided clients through the management of National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligible resources.
He has developed monitoring plans and overseen monitoring programs, ensuring archaeologists and Native American monitors adhere to certified project’s mitigation measures and conditions of approval. His previous experience with varying project types enables Mr. DeCarlo to aid clients in identifying project constraining resources early in project development, navigating agency regulations, and producing cultural resource documents in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). Contracting directly with lead agencies, Mr.
DeCarlo has developed and conducted archaeological sensitivity models to guide Specific Plan and General Plan updates, developed long-term cultural resources management protocols, and facilitated tribal consultation under Assembly Bill 52, Senate Bill 18, and federal regulations.
Project Experience
Confidential Energy Project, San Bernardino County, California, and Clark County, Nevada. Serving as cultural resources project lead in support of a proposed energy project on private and public lands within California and Nevada. Responsibilities included proposing multiple cultural resources budgets as project scope and location were augmented, dispersing teams of archaeologists to conduct archival records searches at state and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) data centers, and obtaining field work permits across multiple agency jurisdictions. Supervised multiple archaeological survey teams and delegated reporting tasks to produce CEQA and County compliant CEQA reports and Class I and Class III compliant reports for the BLM. Aided the project proponent in analyzing multiple linear project options and considering cultural resource constraints including NRHP eligible sites and visual impacts to a National Historic Trail. Participate in a weekly management meeting with client and other resource representatives to guide project developments including restructuring project sites to avoid significant cultural resources. (Ongoing) Confidential Energy Project, San Bernardino County, California. Serving as cultural resources project lead in support of a proposed energy project on private and public lands within California. Responsibilities include proposing multiple cultural resources budgets as project scope and location continually change, conducting archival records searches at state and BLM data centers, and draft Class I documents compliant with BLM regulations. Aided the project proponent in analyzing multiple linear project options and considering cultural Education
California State University,
Bakersfield
M.A., Anthropology, 2018
University of California,
Irvine
B.A., Anthropology, 2006
Certifications
Registered Professional
Archaeologist (RPA)
Professional Affiliations
San Diego Archaeological
Society
Society for American
Archaeology
Society for California
Archaeology
2 resource constraints. Participate in weekly management meeting with client and other resource representatives to guide project developments due to recent federal regulation changes. (Ongoing) Imperial County Lithium Valley Specific Plan, Imperial County, California. Serving as cultural resources project lead for the proposed Lithium Valley Specific Plan to support the expansion of renewable energy development, lithium extraction, and associated infrastructure and industrial uses. Oversaw the review of archival records searches, GIS analysis of topography, and pedestrian survey of a sample of the 50,000-acre Specific Plan area. Developed a cultural resources sensitivity model to guide the County in its cultural resource management for future developments under the Specific Plan. Participated in multiple tribal consultations and advised the County on tribal cultural resource regulations to develop mutually beneficial mitigation measures. (Ongoing) The Trails at Carmel Mountain Ranch Project, Carmel Mountain Ranch Community, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed residential development in San Diego, California. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Subcontracted Native American monitors and supervised the reconnaissance survey of the project area. Analyzed possible impacts to cultural resources within the project area and produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations. (Ongoing)
City of Vista General Plan Update 2025, City of Vista, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the proposed City of Vista General Plan Update 2025. To aid the City in addressing recent state statues, guidance, and requirements applicable to land use planning, Mr. DeCarlo conducted a desktop cultural resources inventory to identify potential cultural resource constraints for the General Plan Update. Analysis included the review of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Utilizing this data, coupled with GIS analysis of the City’s topography and watersheds, developed a cultural resources sensitivity model for the City’s approximately 12,000-acre jurisdiction. This model categorized the areas of the City as low, moderate, and high for their potential to identify cultural resources during future development. (2025) City of San Diego Underground Utility Program, Various Projects, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California.
Served as manager for the cultural resource monitoring of a citywide utility underground program in the City of San Diego. Responsibilities included consultation with program representatives, scheduling and management of field technicians, oversite of daily field logs, recordation of identified cultural resources, and constructing a summary document at the completion of each project phase. (2025) Confidential Energy Project, Esmeralda County, Nevada. Served as cultural resources project lead for a Class III cultural resources inventory on BLM administered land in support of a proposed energy project in Esmeralda County, Nevada. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget and analysis of archived records and aerial photographs. Acted as field lead during archaeological and paleontological pedestrian survey.
Confirmed status of known cultural resources and recorded previously unidentified cultural resources within project area. Coordinated with BLM field office archaeologist to categorize identified resources and analyze possible impacts to cultural resources within the project area. Completed a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations. (2024) The Ivanhoe Ranch Estates Project, Rancho San Diego, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the residential development. Following the initial cultural resources inventory and significance testing conducted by another cultural resources firm, Dudek continued the cultural resources review.
Responsibilities included negotiating on behave of the client to obtain the previously collected cultural material and excavation notes from the previous firm, reviewing existing data, and completing final documentation to CEQA 3 and County of San Diego standards. In consultation with the County of San Diego and Native American representatives, conducted expanded archaeological excavations of an archaeological site to redefine the boundaries of a County Resource Protection Ordinance (RPO) and produced an addendum report. Advised the project proponent on redefining the project site to avoid the reduced RPO. (2024).
Municipal Waterways Maintenance Plan, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed streamlining plan for routine maintenance of City of San Diego waterway facilities. Determined cultural sensitivity of City waterway facilities through analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Conducted site visits of project facilities while coordinating with Native American representatives. Contributed to Program certification by completing a CEQA compliant technical report summarizing cultural resources impact analysis, resource management considerations, and mitigation measures. Streamlined agency project review by synthesizing proposed maintenance activities within 129 waterway facilities, resource sensitivities, and required mitigation measures into an easily used matrix. Agency staff with no cultural resource specialization can utilize this matrix to ensure project activities are in compliance with specified mitigation measures. Analyzed consistency of individual projects with the MWMP EIR and developed a Cultural Resources Monitoring and Treatment Plans to manage impacts to cultural resources. (2024) East Field Battery Energy Storage System Project, San Diego, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the cultural resources inventory in support of a proposed battery energy storage system (BESS) in San Diego County, California. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, analyzing archival records and aerial photographs, Native American coordination, pedestrian survey, and preparing a final report. Guided NEER’s internal tribal liaison in the identification and coordination with regionally affiliated Native American representatives. Acted as field lead during archaeological pedestrian survey and confirmed status of known cultural resources and recorded previously unidentified cultural resources within project area. Identified an inconsistency in the site plan delivered to the County, resulting in mitigation measures that would not protect known NRHP eligible cultural resources from project impacts. By notifying the project proponents and the County of San Diego, prevented destruction of significant cultural resources and fines for the project proponent. Analyzed possible impacts to cultural resources within the project area and completed a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations in conformance with CEQA and County of San Diego regulations. (2024)
San Diego State University Mission Valley Campus Master Plan Project, City of San Diego, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the proposed SDSU Mission Valley Campus Master Plan. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Native American outreach included presenting at Native American project scoping meetings, AB-52 notifications, and attending AB52 consultation meetings to aid SDSU negotiate tribal mitigation measures. Conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area. Produced both CEQA and Section 106 compliant reports summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including a cultural resources impact analysis, projected resource sensitivities, resource management recommendations, and mitigation measures. (2024) San Diego State University Fenton Parkway Bridge Project, City of San Diego, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the proposed SDSU Fenton Parkway Bridge Project. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area. Produced both CEQA and Section 106 compliant reports summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including a cultural resources impact analysis, projected resource sensitivities, resource management recommendations, and mitigation measures. (2024) 4 City of San Diego Underground Utility Program EIR, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources lead for an inventory and evaluation report supporting the Underground Utilities Program in the City of San Diego. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Developed criteria to categorize over 800 proposed districts and possible future districts based on cultural sensitivity. Produced a CEQA and City of San Diego compliant report that included mitigation measures for specific district categories to reduce impacts to resources to a less than significant level. (2024) Double Butte Battery Energy Storage System Project, City of Menifee, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the cultural resources inventory in support of a proposed battery energy storage system (BESS).
Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, delegation of analysis of archived records and aerial photographs, Native American coordination, and pedestrian survey, and mentored junior archaeologist in the preparation of the final report. Assured quality and accuracy of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations in conformance with CEQA. (2023) Juniper Energy Project, San Bernardino County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the cultural resources inventory in support of a proposed solar energy project in San Bernardino County, California.
Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American consultation. Acted as field lead during archaeological pedestrian survey. Confirmed status of known cultural resources and recorded previously unidentified cultural resources within project area. Analyzed possible impacts to cultural resources within the project area and completed a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations. (2023) UCSD Theater District Living and Learning Neighborhood Project, La Jolla, San Diego County, California. Managed the cultural resource monitoring program for a university neighborhood construction project. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, developing a Workers Environmental Awareness Program and delivering it to project personnel, and subcontracting Native American monitors. Oversaw archaeological and Native American monitoring teams to assure compliance with project mitigation measures as dictated in a UCSD approved cultural resources mitigation monitoring and reporting program. Evaluated unanticipated cultural resources and recommended mitigation in consultation with UCSD and Native American representatives.
Reviewed monitoring team’s daily logs and completed a monitoring report summarizing monitoring activities. (2023)
Confidential Energy Project, Clark County, Nevada. Participated in a Class III cultural resources inventory in support of a confidential energy project on BLM administered land in Clark County, Nevada. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records and aerial images. Participated in archaeological pedestrian survey. (2022) Mountain View Wind Repower Project, Riverside County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the cultural resources inventory and evaluation in support of a proposed wind repowering project in Riverside County, California. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Acted as field lead during archaeological and paleontological pedestrian survey. Confirmed status of known cultural resources and recorded previously unidentified cultural resources within project area. Analyzed possible impacts to cultural resources within the project area and completed a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations. (2022)
Coachella Flats Wind Project, City of Palm Springs, Riverside County, California. Managed the cultural resource monitoring program for the wind energy repowering project. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, developing a Workers Environmental Awareness Program and delivering it to project personnel, and 5 subcontracting Native American monitors. Oversaw archaeological and Native American monitoring teams to assure compliance with project mitigation measures and avoidance of known cultural resources. Evaluated unanticipated cultural resources and recommended mitigation in consultation with the City of Palm Springs and Native American representatives. Reviewed monitoring team’s daily logs and completed a monitoring report summarizing monitoring activities and unanticipated finds. (2021) Desert Hot Springs Wind Energy Repowering Project, City of Desert Hot Springs, Riverside County, California.
Managed the cultural resource monitoring program for the wind energy repowering project. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, developing a Workers Environmental Awareness Program and delivering it to project personnel, and subcontracting Native American monitors. Oversaw archaeological and Native American monitoring teams to assure compliance with project mitigation measures and avoidance of known cultural resources. Evaluated unanticipated cultural resources and recommended mitigation in consultation with the City of Desert Hot Springs and Native American representatives. Reviewed monitoring team’s daily logs and completed a monitoring report summarizing monitoring activities and unanticipated finds. (2021)
Painted Hills Wind Energy Repowering Project, Riverside County, California. Managed the cultural resource monitoring program for the wind energy repowering project. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, developing a Cultural Resources Monitoring Plan, developing a Workers Environmental Awareness Program and delivering it to project personnel, and subcontracting Native American monitors. Oversaw archaeological and Native American monitoring teams to assure compliance with project mitigation measures and avoidance of known cultural resources. Evaluated unanticipated cultural resources and recommended mitigation in consultation with the County Archaeologist and Native American representatives. Reviewed monitoring team’s daily logs and completed a Phase IV Monitoring Report summarizing monitoring activities and unanticipated finds. (2021)
San Jacinto II Wind Energy Repowering Project, Riverside County, California. Managed the cultural resource monitoring program for the wind energy repowering project. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, developing an Archaeological Monitoring, Post-Review Discovery, and Unanticipated Effects Plan, developing a Workers Environmental Awareness Program and delivering it to project personnel, and subcontracting Native American monitors. Oversaw archaeological and Native American monitoring teams to assured compliance with project mitigation measures and avoidance of known cultural resources. Evaluated unanticipated cultural resources and recommended mitigation in consultation with the BLM and Native American representatives. Reviewed monitoring team’s daily logs and completed a Cultural Resources Monitoring and Discovery Report summarizing monitoring activities and unanticipated finds. (2021) Ida Avenue Residential Development Project, City of Del Mar, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed residential development in Del Mar, California. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Subcontracted Native American monitors and conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area.
Analyzed possible impacts to adjacent cultural resources and produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations. (2021) 2020 SeaWorld Master Plan Update, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. Served as archaeological resources project lead for the proposed update of the SeaWorld Master Plan in San Diego, California.
Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach.
Analyzed archival information compared to the topography of the property to determine the Master Plan’s 6 potential to impact cultural resources. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resource sensitivity and the projects potential to impact resources. (2021) Sage Meadow Residential Development Project, City of Valley Center, San Diego County, California. Managed the cultural resource monitoring of the construction of a residential building near the Community of Valley Center, California. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, administration of contract, scheduling and management of field technicians, coordination with and subcontracting of Native American representatives, oversite of daily field logs, recordation of identified cultural resources, and submitting a summary document at the completion of the project. (2020)
The Jacumba Valley Ranch Energy Park Project, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed solar energy project in San Diego County, California. Led the cultural resources inventory including an archival records search, Native American outreach, and pedestrian survey of the 643-acre area of direct impact. Recorded or updated 30 new or previously recorded cultural resources within the project’s area of direct impact and conducted significance testing of 17 cultural resources. Advised the project proponents of significant resources within the area of direct impact and aided in the redevelopment of the project site plan to avoid resources where feasible. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations in compliance with CEQA and Count of San Diego regulations.
Aided County planners in responding to public comments during the certification process of the project environmental impact report. (2019).
Montgomery Middle School Field Lighting Project, City of El Cajon, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed installation of athletic field lighting in the El Cajon, California.
Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Analyzed possible impacts to cultural resources and produced a report summarizing the findings of the cultural resources analysis including resource management recommendations. (2019)
Federal Update for the North Indio Flood Control Channel Project, City of Indio, Riverside County, California.
Served as archaeological resources project lead for the updating of state environmental documents for federal regulation compliance for a flood control project in Indio, California. Responsibilities included analysis of previously conducted document, identification of shortfalls with federal regulations, proposed additional archaeological testing for federal compliance, and coordination with project proponents. Conducted archaeological testing and completed a resource significance report for submission to and concurrence from the State Historic Preservation Office. (2019)
East Highline Reservoir Project, City of El Centro, Imperial County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed main canal offline storage reservoir project outside the City of El Centro. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Also conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including an impact analysis of a National Register of Historic Places listed resource, resource management recommendations, and mitigation measures. (2019) All-American Canal Surface Waters Seepage Recovery Project, City of El Centro, Imperial County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed water recovery project outside the City of El Centro.
Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Also conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural 7 resources inventory including a cultural resources impact analysis comparing alternate project routes, resource management recommendations, and mitigation measures. (2018) North City Project, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the proposed construction of a water purification program in the City of San Diego. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Aided the City with AB-52 tribal consultation and conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area while coordinating with a Native American monitors. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including a cultural resources impact analysis comparing alternate project routes, resource management recommendations, and mitigation measures. (2018)
Morena Pipelines Project, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed utility pipeline installation project in the City of San Diego. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Also conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area in coordination with a Native American monitor. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory and resource management recommendations including mitigation measures. (2018) 1237 West 7th Street Project, City of Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, California. Served as lead analyst and report author for a tribal cultural resources assessment for a proposed urban development project in the City of Los Angeles. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Produced a report indicating the presence and the probability of encountering subsurface tribal cultural resources during construction. (2018)
1375 North Saint Andrews Place Project, City of Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, California. Served as lead analyst and report author for a tribal cultural resources assessment for a proposed urban development project in the City of Los Angeles. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Produced a report indicating the presence and the probability of encountering subsurface tribal cultural resources during construction. (2018)
Fig Project, City of Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, California. Served as lead analyst and report author for a tribal cultural resources assessment for a proposed urban development project in the City of Los Angeles.
Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach.
Produced a report indicating the presence and the probability of encountering subsurface tribal cultural resources during construction. (2018)
Adams Solar Farm Project, City of Lind, Adams County, Washington. Developed an inadvertent discovery plan for utilization during the development of a solar farm. (2018) Sanders Site Vernal Pool Mitigation Project in Support of the Pure Water San Diego Program, North City Project, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. Managed the cultural resource inventory and monitoring program for the vernal pool mitigation project in support of a City-wide recycled water purification program in City of San Diego, California. Responsibilities included proposing cultural resources budget, analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Subcontracted Native American monitors and conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area and produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations. Managed the cultural resource monitoring phase of the project including scheduling and management of field technicians, coordination with and subcontracting of Native American representatives, oversite of daily field logs, recordation of identified cultural resources, and submitting a summary document at the completion of the project. (2017) 8 Oceanside Campus Facilities Master Plan Project, City of Oceanside, San Diego County, California. Served as archaeological resources project lead for a proposed renovation and redevelopment of the Oceanside Campus within the MiraCosta Community College District. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area and coordination with a Native American monitor. Aided the District with AB 52 consultation including hosting project site visits with Native American representatives. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory and resource management recommendations including mitigation measures. (2017) San Diego State University New Student Housing Project, City of San Diego, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the proposed SDSU New Student Housing Project. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Native American outreach included a search of the Sacred Lands File at the Native American Heritage Committee, distribution and tracking of AB-52 notifications, and participating in AB-52 consultation meetings. Conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area and produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including a cultural resources impact analysis, projected resource sensitivities, resource management recommendations, and mitigation measures. (2017)
Kaiser Permanente Irwindale Medical Office Building Project, City of Irwindale, Los Angeles County, California.
Managed the cultural resource monitoring of the construction of a Kaiser Permanente medical building in the City of Irwindale. Responsibilities included consultation with program representatives, scheduling and management of field technicians, coordination with Native American representatives, oversite of daily field logs, recordation of identified cultural resources, and submitting a summary document at the completion of the project. (2017) Fairway Business Park Project, Lake Elsinore, Riverside County, California. Managed the cultural resource monitoring of the construction of a business park in the City of Lake Elsinore. Responsibilities included consultation with program representatives, scheduling and management of field technicians, coordination with Native American representatives, oversite of daily field logs, recordation of identified cultural resources, and constructing a summary document at the completion of the project. (2017) 21st Street Ditch Project, City of Del Mar, San Diego County, California. Aided the City of Del Mar with AB-52 compliance for a proposed wastewater improvement project in the City of Del Mar. Drafted Responsibilities included drafting an AB-52 letter on the City’s behalf requesting Native American representative consultation. (2017)
MedVic/MccVic Tower Repair Project, near the City of Yermo, San Bernardino County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed electrical transmission tower repair project outside the City of Yermo.
Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Also conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including an impact analysis of a National Register of Historic Places listed resource, resource management recommendations, and avoidance measures. (2016) Kaiser Permanente Murrieta Valley Medical Center Project, City of Murrieta, Riverside County, California. Managed the cultural resource monitoring of the construction of a Kaiser Permanente medical center in the City of Murrieta.
Responsibilities included consultation with program representatives, scheduling and management of field technicians, coordination with Native American representatives, oversite of daily field logs, recordation of identified cultural resources, and submission of a summary document at the completion of the project. (2016) 9 Kettner Lofts Project, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. Managed the preliminary cultural resources testing and the construction monitoring of the Kettner Lofts housing development in the City of San Diego.
Responsibilities included directing construction personnel in the excavation of testing trenches, documentation of subsurface findings, and consulting with program representatives to establish an appropriate monitoring plan.
Management of construction monitoring included scheduling and management of field technicians, coordination with Native American representatives, oversite of daily field logs, recordation of identified cultural resources, and submission of a summary document at the completion of the project. (2016) Rincon Del Diablo Sewer Master Plan Project, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the proposed sewer master plan near the City of Escondido. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area.
Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including a cultural resources impact analysis comparing alternate project routes and resource management recommendations. (2016) Terra Vista Development Project, Victorville, San Bernardino County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed residential development in Rancho Cucamonga. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Also conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations. (2016)
Commercial Development Project, Morongo Valley, San Bernardino County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed commercial development on Twenty-nine Palms Highway, Morongo Valley.
Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Also conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations. (2016) South Amargosa Plaza Project, Victorville, San Bernardino County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed commercial development in Victorville. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Also conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area.
Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including resource management recommendations. (2016)
RCP Walker Trails Project, City of Santee, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for the proposed construction of a residential community in the City of Santee. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area in coordination with a Native American Monitor. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory including a cultural resource impact analysis and management recommendations. (2016)
1836 Columbia Street Project, City of San Diego, San Diego County, California. Served as cultural resources project lead for a proposed urban development project in the City of San Diego. Responsibilities included analysis of archived records, aerial photographs, and Native American outreach. Also conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area and coordination with a Native American monitor. Produced a report summarizing the finding of the cultural resources inventory and mitigation recommendations. (2016) West of Devers Upgrade Project, Southern California Edison (SCE), Riverside and San Bernardino Counties, California. Served as project manager for a cultural resource impact assessment for a dual transmission line upgrade spanning from North Palm Springs to San Bernardino, California. Tasks included implementing 10 archaeological surveys and excavations, producing a cultural resource evaluation report, and participation in construction site visits with SCE staff and construction specialists to resolve construction/resource conflicts.
Preconstruction activities are nearing completion. (2016) Devers to Palo Verde 2 (DPV2) Transmission Line Project, SCE, Riverside County, California. Served as field director for the archaeological monitoring and resource management for the construction of a 500-kV transmission line spanning from Blythe to Romoland, California. Tasks included conducting archaeological surveys and excavations; managing construction monitoring teams; producing cultural resource records and reports; and consulting with SCE, construction, and Native American representatives. The final cultural resource report has been submitted and is awaiting approval. (2014)
Mountain Top Healthy Trees Project, USFS, Mount Pinos Ranger District, Santa Barbara County, California. Served as acting district archaeologist for a proposed tree thinning project. To ensure that no previously recorded resources were impacted during the tree mastication, Mr. DeCarlo conducted a records search, delineated mastication boundaries, and monitored the mastication activities. (2010) ARRA Wilderness Trails Restoration Project, USFS, Mount Pinos Ranger District, Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties, California. Served as acting district archaeologist. Fulfilled cultural resource requirements for National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) compliance to ensure the Mount Pinos Ranger District of the Los Padres Forest received American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) federal funds to conduct trail work within wilderness areas. This required consultation with USFS supervisors to construct a viable timetable, completion of a records search, intensive survey of trails, and collaboration with trail maintenance crew chiefs to protect threatened cultural resources. (2010) Day Fire Reforestation Project, USFS, Mount Pinos Ranger District, Ventura County, California. Served as acting district archaeologist for the reforestation of areas burned during the 2007 Day Wildfire. Prior to the planting of pine tree saplings, Mr. DeCarlo performed a records search, conducted an archaeological inventory, and evaluated the post-fire condition of previously identified archaeological sites. A survey report and archaeological site records were submitted to the Los Padres National Forest Headquarters. (2010) Sierra Madre Ridge Archaeological Survey and Rock Art Recordation Project, USFS, Mount Pinos Ranger District, Santa Barbara County, California. Served as field chief for the Sierra Madre Ridge Project, a Section 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act project consisting of three 1-week expeditions to update site records and survey previously unrecorded portions of a known archaeological district. Tasks included leading and training volunteer teams in survey and site recordation methods, updating previously recorded archaeological sites, identification of new sites, surveying previously unrecorded land, and managing fuels near significant sites to prevent possible fire damage. A survey report, site records, and GIS mapping were completed and submitted to the Los Padres National Forest Headquarters. (2009)
NEPA Compliance for the New Chuchupate Ranger Station, USFS, Mount Pinos Ranger District, Ventura County, California. Served as acting district archaeologist. To ensure NEPA compliance and ensure acquisition of ARRA federal funds, conducted a records search, collaborated with the Forest Tribal Liaison, updated previously recorded sites, mapped the existing Chuchupate Ranger Station, conducted an intensive survey, contracted an architectural historian, and submitted a report to the Los Padres National Forest Headquarters. (2009) Sapaski (Painted Rock) Tribal Protection Meeting, USFS, Mount Pinos Ranger District, Ventura County, California.
Served as acting district archaeologist for the Sapaski Tribal Protection Meeting, a collaborative effort with tribal representatives and USFS supervisors to protect a significant rock art resource. Conducted a records search and suggested possible protection strategies to tribal representatives. (2009) 11 Archaeological Investigation for the Yellow Jacket Fire Project, USFS, Mount Pinos Ranger District, Ventura County, California. Served as acting district archaeologist for the archaeological investigation after the Yellow Jacket Fire.
Conducted a records search to identify any previously identified cultural resource within burned or staging areas, appraised sites impacted by both fire and fire-fighting measures, consulted with fire personnel to determine possible impacts, and submitted a report to the Los Padres National Forest Headquarters. (2009) Appendix B
(Confidential)
South Coastal Information Center Records
Search Results
Appendix C
Native American Heritage Commission and
Native American Outreach
APPENDIX C
Native American Heritage Commission
and Native American Outreach
Tribal Consultation List Request &
Sacred Lands File Search
Native American Heritage Commission
1550 Harbor Blvd, Suite 100
West Sacramento, CA 95691
916-373-3710
[email protected]
*Type of List Requested
Tribal Consultation List - CEQA
Tribal Consultation List - SB18
Tribal Contact List (for Cultural Resources Assessments) CalNAGPRA
Project Information
*Project Title:
*Address:
*City: *County:
Project Description:
*Agency/Company/Firm
*Contact Person:
*Email:
Phone:
Additional Request
☐ Sacred Lands File Search - Required Information:
USGS (7.5-Minute, 1:24,000) Quadrangle Name(s):
Township: Range: Section:
STATE OF CALIFORNIA Gavin Newsom, Governor
NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION
December 10, 2025
Matthew DeCarlo
Dudek
Via Email to: [email protected]
Re: Tribal Consultation Under CEQA, San Diego River Fire Hazard Mitigation Plan Project, San Diego County
To Whom It May Concern:
Pursuant to your request, attached is a consultation list of tribes that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with the geographic area of the above-listed project. Additionally, a search of the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) Sacred Lands File (SLF) was completed based on the information submitted for the above referenced project. The results were positive.
Please contact the Barona Group of the Capitan Grande and the Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians on the attached list for more information. Please also contact the Kumeyaay Cultural Repatriation Committee via phone at (760) 803-5694 for more information. Be aware that tribes do not always record their sacred sites in the SLF, nor are they required to do so. As such, an SLF search is not a substitute for consultation with all tribes that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with a project’s geographic area. Please contact all of the listed tribes as they may have information about sacred sites within the project area that is not listed with the NAHC.
Additionally, the NAHC recommends that agencies include with their notification letters, information regarding any cultural resources assessment that has been completed on the area of potential effect (APE), such as:
1. The results of any record search that may have been conducted at an Information Center of the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS), including, but not limited to:
• A listing of any and all known cultural resources that have already been recorded on or adjacent to the APE, such as known archaeological sites; • Copies of any and all cultural resource records and study reports that may have been provided by the Information Center as part of the records search response; • Whether the records search indicates a low, moderate, or high probability that unrecorded cultural resources are located in the APE; and • If a survey is recommended by the Information Center to determine whether previously unrecorded cultural resources are present.
2. The results of any archaeological inventory survey that was conducted, including:
• Any report that may contain site forms, site significance, and suggested mitigation measures.
All information regarding site locations, Native American human remains, and associated funerary objects should be in a separate confidential addendum, and not be made available for public disclosure in accordance with Government Code section 6254.10.
CHAIRPERSON
Reginald Pagaling
Chumash
VICE-CHAIRPERSON
Buffy McQuillen
Yokayo Pomo, Yuki,
Nomlaki
SECRETARY
Isaac Bojorquez
Ohlone-Costanoan
PARLIAMENTARIAN
Wayne Nelson
Luiseño
COMMISSIONER
Sara Dutschke
Miwok
COMMISSIONER
Stanley Rodriguez
Kumeyaay
COMMISSIONER
Bennae Calac
Pauma-Yuima Band of
Luiseño Indians
COMMISSIONER
Vacant
COMMISSIONER
Vacant
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Andrew Alejandre
Paskenta Band of
Nomlaki Indians
NAHC HEADQUARTERS
1550 Harbor Boulevard
Suite 100
West Sacramento,
California 95691
(916) 373-3710
[email protected]
3. The result of the Sacred Lands File check conducted through the Native American Heritage Commission.
4. Any ethnographic studies conducted for any area including all or part of the APE; and
5. Any geotechnical reports regarding all or part of the APE.
Lead agencies should be aware that records maintained by the NAHC and CHRIS are not exhaustive and a negative response to these searches does not preclude the existence of a tribal cultural resource. A tribe may be the only source of information regarding the existence of a tribal cultural resource, which is why consultation is vital.
This information will aid tribes in determining whether to request formal consultation. If consultation is requested, having the information beforehand will help to facilitate the process.
If you receive notification of a change of address or phone number from a tribe, please inform the NAHC. With your assistance, we can assure that our consultation list remains current.
If you have any questions or require additional information, please contact me at [email protected].
Sincerely,
Andrew Green
Cultural Resources Analyst
Attachment
Tribe Name Contact Person Contact Address Phone # Email Address Barona Group of the Capitan Grande Art Bunce, Attorney 1095 Barona Road Lakeside, CA, 92040
(760) 489-0329 [email protected]
Campo Band of Diegueno Mission Indians Marcus Cuero, Chairperson 36190 Church Road, Suite 1 Campo, CA, 91906
(619) 478-9046 [email protected]
Campo Band of Diegueno Mission Indians Ben Dyche, Vice Chairperson 36190 Church Road, Suite 1 Campo, CA, 91906
(619) 478-9046 [email protected]
Campo Band of Diegueno Mission Indians Daniel Tsosie, THPO 36190 Church Road, Suite 1 Campo, CA, 91906
(619) 760-6480 [email protected]
Ewiiaapaayp Band of Kumeyaay Indians Eduardo Mercado, Principle, Grey Wolf Monitoring
1 Crestwood Road
Boulevard, CA, 91905
(619) 301-4794 [email protected]
Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel Clint Linton, Director of Cultural Resources
P.O. Box 507
Santa Ysabel, CA, 92070
(760) 803-5694 [email protected]
Inaja-Cosmit Band of Indians Rebecca Osuna, Chairperson 2005 S. Escondido Blvd.
Escondido, CA, 92025
(760) 737-7628
12/10/2025 01:01 PM
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Jamul Indian Village Lisa Cumper, Tribal Historic
Preservation Officer
P.O. Box 612
Jamul, CA, 91935
(619) 669-4855 [email protected]
Jamul Indian Village Erica Pinto, Chairperson P.O. Box 612 Jamul, CA, 91935
(619) 669-4785 [email protected]
La Posta Band of Diegueno Mission
Indians
Eric La Chappa, Chairman 8 Crestwood Road
Boulevard, CA, 91905
(619) 478-2113 [email protected]
Manzanita Band of Kumeyaay Nation Angela Elliott Santos, Chairperson P.O. Box 1302 Boulevard, CA, 91905
(619) 766-4930
Mesa Grande Band of Diegueno Mission
Indians
Michael Linton, Chairperson P.O Box 270
Santa Ysabel, CA, 92070
(760) 782-3818
San Pasqual Band of Diegueno Mission
Indians
Allen Lawson, Chairperson P.O. Box 365
Valley Center, CA, 92082
(760) 749-3200
Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation Bernice Paipa, Cultural Resource Specialist
Sycuan Cultural Center: 910
Willow Glen Drive
El Cajon, CA, 92019
(619) 445-6917 [email protected]
12/10/2025 01:01 PM
2 of 3
Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation Cody Martinez, Chairman Sycuan Tribal Office: 1 Kwaaypaay Court
El Cajon, CA, 92019
(619) 445-2613 [email protected]
Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians Ernest Pingleton, THPO 1 Viejas Grade Road Alpine, CA, 91901
(619) 445-3810 [email protected]
Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians Ray Teran, Resource
Management Director
1 Viejas Grade Road
Alpine, CA, 91901
(619) 659-2312 [email protected]
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code, Section 5097.94 of the Public Resources Code and Section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code.
This list is only applicable for consultation with Native American tribes under Public Resources Code Sections 21080.3.1 for the proposed San Diego River Fire Hazard Mitigation Plan Project, San Diego County.
12/10/2025 01:01 PM
3 of 3
December 23, 2025 18611.01
Art Bunce, Attorney
Barona Group of the Capitan Grande
1095 Barona Road
Lakeside, CA, 92040
Subject: Information Request for the San Diego River Fire Hazard Mitigation Plan, City of Santee, San Diego County, California
Dear Mr. Bunce,
The City of Santee is proposing the San Diego River Fire Hazard Mitigation Plan to reduce wildfire risk by decreasing hazardous fuel loads (flammable vegetation) and mitigating conditions that increase risk of wildlife and fire intensity. Vegetation management/fuel reduction activities will include thinning brush, removing non-native invasive species, and clearing dead vegetation and debris along the San Diego River. Treatments may employ manual (hand tools, chainsaws), mechanical (masticators, chippers), prescribed herbivory, and targeted herbicide applications. The Plan area falls within Township 15 South, Range 1 West, Section 21, 22, 23, 27, 28, and 29 as shown on the La Mesa and El Cajon USGS 7.5' Quadrangles (Figure 1).
The Native American Heritage Commission conducted a Sacred Lands file search. The results were positive. I am writing as part of the cultural inventory process in order find out if you, or your tribal community, have any knowledge of cultural resources or places that may be impacted by the proposed project. This letter does not constitute formal government to government consultation pursuant to Assembly Bill 52.
If you have any information or concerns pertaining to such information, please contact me.
Respectfully,
David Faith, M.A., RPA
Archaeologist
DUDEK
Phone: (442) 232-7313
Email: [email protected]
Project Boundary
Date: 12/23/2025 User: cgardner Path: Z:\Projects\j1861101\MAPDOC\Cultural\Cultural Resource Assessment\Santee_ResourceAssessment.aprx Map: Figure 1 Project Location Map Layout: Figure 1 Project Location Map 1:24,000 0 260 520
Meters
0 1,000 2,000
n
Feet
Chula Vista
Solana
Beach
Encinitas
San Diego Carlsbad
Oceanside
Lemon Grove
La Mesa
El Cajon
Poway
San Marcos
Vista Escondido
Imperial
Beach
Del Mar
Coronado
ÄÆ905
ÄÆ52
ÄÆ54
ÄÆ94
ÄÆ163
ÄÆ125
ÄÆ274
ÄÆ56
ÄÆ78
ÄÆ76
ÄÆ ÄÆ79
67 §¨¦805 §¨¦8
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S a n D i e g o
C o u n t y
Project Site
!(
^
SOURCE: USGS 7.5-Minute Series La Mesa and El Cajon Quadrangles Township 15S Range 1W Sections 21, 22, 23, 27, 28, 29
San Diego River Fire Hazard Mitigation Plan
Project Location Map
FIGURE 1
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
MARCUS CUERO CHAIRPERSON
CAMPO BAND OF DIEGUENO MISSION INDIANS
36190 CHURCH RD
STE 1
CAMPO CA 91906-2732
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
BEN DYCHE VICE CHAIRPERSON
CAMPO BAND OF DIEGUENO MISSION INDIANS
36190 CHURCH RD
STE 1
CAMPO CA 91906-2732
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
USPS CERTIFIED MAIL
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
DANIEL TSOSIE THPO
CAMPO BAND OF DIEGUENO MISSION INDIANS
36190 CHURCH RD
STE 1
CAMPO CA 91906-2732
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
USPS CERTIFIED MAIL
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
EDUARDO MERCADO PRINCIPLE GREY WOLF MONITORING
EWIIAAPAAYP BAND OF KUMEYAAY INDIANS
1 CRESTWOOD RD
BOULEVARD CA 91905-9725
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
REBECCA OSUNA CHAIRPERSON
INAJA-COSMIT BAND OF INDIANS
2005 S ESCONDIDO BLVD
ESCONDIDO CA 92025-8207
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
USPS CERTIFIED MAIL
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
LISA CUMPER TRIBAL HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER
PO BOX 612
JAMUL CA 91935-0612
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
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687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
ERICA PINTO CHAIRPERSON
PO BOX 612
JAMUL CA 91935-0612
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
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687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
ERIC LA CHAPPA CHAIRMAN
LA POSTA BAND OF DIEGUENO MISSION INDIANS
8 CRESTWOOD RD
BOULEVARD CA 91905-9725
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
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687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
ANGELA ELLIOTT SANTOS CHAIRPERSON
MANZANITA BAND OF KUMEYAAY NATION
PO BOX 1302
BOULEVARD CA 91905-0402
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
MICHAEL LINTON CHAIRPERSON
MESA GRANDE BAND OF DIEGUENO MISSION INDIANS
PO BOX 270
SANTA YSABEL CA 92070-0270
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
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687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
ALLEN LAWSON CHAIRPERSON
SAN PASQUAL BAND OF DIEGUENO MISSION INDIANS
PO BOX 365
VALLEY CENTER CA 92082-0365
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
USPS CERTIFIED MAIL
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
BERNICE PAIPA CULTURAL RESOURCE SPECIALIST
SYCUAN BAND OF THE KUMEYAAY NATION
SYCUAN CULTURAL CENTER:
910 WILLOW GLEN DR
EL CAJON CA 92019-2818
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
USPS CERTIFIED MAIL
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
CODY MARTINEZ CHAIRMAN
SYCUAN BAND OF THE KUMEYAAY NATION
SYCUAN TRIBAL OFFICE:
1 KWAAYPAAY CT
EL CAJON CA 92019-1833
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
USPS CERTIFIED MAIL
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
ERNEST PINGLETON THPO
VIEJAS BAND OF KUMEYAAY INDIANS
1 VIEJAS GRADE RD
ALPINE CA 91901-1605
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
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Dudek
687 S Coast Highway 101
Ste 110
Encinitas CA 92024
RAY TERAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DIRECTOR
VIEJAS BAND OF KUMEYAAY INDIANS
1 VIEJAS GRADE RD
ALPINE CA 91901-1605
Return Reference Number:18611.01
Username: Marcel Fuentes
1 David Faith
From: Jason Santos <[email protected]>
Sent: Friday, January 30, 2026 2:26 PM
To: David Faith
Cc: Angela Elliott Santos; John Elliott; Veronica Santos Subject: San Diego River Fire Hazard Mitigation Plan
Hello David,
My name is Jason Santos and I am the Lead Monitor and Deputy THPO here at Manzanita Band of the Kumeyaay Nation. We have reviewed our maps and have determined that this project is not within the boundaries of the recognized Manzanita Indian Reservation. However, this project is within the territory boundaries that the tribe considers its Traditional Use Area (TUA). Therefore, we request to be kept in the information loop as the project progresses and would greatly appreciate being maintained on the receiving list for project updates, reports of investigation, and/or any documentation that may be generated regarding previously recorded or newly discovered sites. Furthermore, we recommend archaeological and Tribal Cultural monitoring on all ground disturbing activities given the proximity of known cultural and historic resources. If the project boundaries are modified to extend beyond the currently proposed limits, we request updated information and the opportunity to respond to your changes. We appreciate the outreach and look forward to future involvement. Manzanita offers Tribal Cultural monitoring.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please do not hesitate to contact myself or Veronica Santos (THPO) by telephone at (619) 204-7514 or by e-mail at veronicasantos@manzantiansn.gov Thank you,
Jason Santos
Lead Monitor, Deputy THPO
[email protected]
(619) 715-6070
1 David Faith
From: Jason Lavigne <[email protected]>
Sent: Friday, February 20, 2026 9:49 AM
To: David Faith
Cc: Desiree Morales Whitman
Subject: San Diego River Fire Hazard Project
Dear David Faith,
The San Pasqual Band of Mission Indians has received your letter regarding the San Diego River Fire Hazard Project.
Currently, the San Pasqual Tribe does not have any comments on the proposed project. However, the Tribe reserves the right to provide comments in the future should additional information become available or circumstances change.
Thank you for the opportunity to review this matter.
.
Thank you,
Jasƈ Lavigne
THPO Coordinator
San Pasqual Band of Mission Indians
Email: [email protected]
Office: 760-651-5219
Cell: 760-638-7179
Appendix D
(Confidential)
Cultural Resources within Survey Area
Appendix E
(Confidential)
Department of Parks and Recreation Form 523