Agenda packet, first session — Seal Beach City Council, October 27, 2025 (part 8 of 11)

During operations of the Project, energy would be required to power the residential buildings and to fuel the vehicles travelling to and from the sites.

Building Energy
The 1,733 new residential units facilitated by the Project would require energy for normal operations, such as lighting and temperature controls. Building energy usage was estimated for cumulative Project buildout. Over the course of a year, operational building energy consumption for all residential units accommodated by the Project would total approximately 6,642,169 kWh of electricity and 24,075,048 kBTU of natural gas.1 It is noted that all future buildings would be constructed in compliance with the energy efficiency standards set forth in the California Building Standards Code that is applicable at the time of construction. As the California Building Standards Code will likely require more efficient design measures future, this represents a conservative estimate of the total electricity and natural gas Project buildout may require. Therefore, the Project’s total energy consumption and would not result in the inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary use of energy.

Transportation Energy
Future users of the 1,773 new residential units would travel to and from their residences during normal operations. Transportation energy usage was estimated for cumulative Project buildout and consistent with the VMT assessment prepared for the Project. These estimates were derived using the same assumptions used in the operational air quality and GHG analysis for the Project. Table 14 provides an 1 These estimates do not account for the implementation of any mitigation.

AIR QUALITY, GREENHOUSE GAS, AND ENERGY IMPACT ASSESSMENT Energy Impact Analysis

10.1 estimate of the annual fuel consumed by vehicles traveling to and from the Project sites. As shown in the table, annual vehicular fuel consumption is estimated to be 1,137,357 gallons of gasoline, 133,422 gallons of diesel, and 895,624 kWh of electricity. In 2022, approximately 13.6 billion gallons of gasoline and approximately 3.1 billion gallons of diesel fuel for motor vehicles was purchased within California (CDTFA 2024). Therefore, full buildout of the Project would result in transportation fuel consumption that represents approximately 0.008 percent and 0.004 percent of the State’s annual demand for gasoline and diesel, respectively. The Project would not result in vehicle use that is any more inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary than other vehicle uses in the region.

Table 15. Project Operations – On-Road Vehicle Fuel Consumption Vehicle Type
Proportion
of Fleet
Gasoline
Consumptions
(gallons/yr)
Diesel
Consumption
(gallons/yr)
Electricity
Consumption
(kWh/yr)
Passenger Cars
(LDA, LDT1, LDT2, MDV) 0.9236 1,069,206 3,881 786,447
Trucks
(HHDT, MHDT, LHDT1, LHDT2) 0.0701 61,979 125,861 106,883 Motorcycles, Motor Homes, and Buses
(MCY, MH, OBUS, SBUS, UBUS)

0.0063 6,171 3,679 2,294
Totals 1.00 1,137,357 133,422 895,624
Notes:

Calculations use unrounded numbers; totals may not appear to sum exactly due to rounding.

VMT = vehicle miles traveled
Source: Appendix B.

This EIR includes a discussion of the residential component of the ORCC Specific Plan Project based on the site location and proposed buildout of the 167 residential units that are included within the City’s site inventory to meet its RHNA requirements. The impacts from construction and operation from the total 1,773 units were evaluated in the analysis above. Therefore, the 167 residential units proposed under the ORCC Specific Plan Project were considered within the analysis of this Project. Specific impact findings associated with the development of the ORCC Specific Plan Project are being evaluated in a standalone project-specific EIR.

Conclusion
Based on the analysis above, both construction and operations of the individual Project components and the Project as a whole would not result in a potential significant environmental impact due to the wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources; therefore, the impact would be less than significant.

Level of Significance Before Mitigation
Less Than Significant Impact.

AIR QUALITY, GREENHOUSE GAS, AND ENERGY IMPACT ASSESSMENT Energy Impact Analysis

10.1 Mitigation Measures
No mitigation is necessary.

Level of Significance After Mitigation
Less Than Significant Impact.

Impact ENR-2 Would the project conflict with or obstruct a State or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency?
Impact Analysis
All developments facilitated by the Project would comply with federal, State, and local regulations aimed at reducing energy consumption. Local regulations have been developed in accordance with federal and State energy regulations, such as the California Building Energy Efficiency Standards (California Code of Regulations Title 24, Part 6), the CALGreen Code (California Code of Regulations Title 24, Part 11), and SB 743, which are also aimed at reducing energy consumption.

This EIR includes a discussion of the residential component of the ORCC Specific Plan Project based on the site location and proposed buildout of the 167 residential units that are included within the City’s site inventory to meet its RHNA requirements. The residential component of the ORCC Specific Plan Project would be required to comply with all federal, state, and local regulation aimed at reducing energy consumption. Therefore, the 167 residential units proposed under the ORCC Specific Plan Project were considered within the analysis of this Project. Specific impact findings associated with the development of the ORCC Specific Plan Project are being evaluated in a standalone project-specific EIR.

Conclusion
The Project would not conflict with or obstruct a State or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency; therefore, the impact would be less than significant.

Level of Significance Before Mitigation
Less Than Significant Impact.

Mitigation Measures
No mitigation is necessary.

Level of Significance After Mitigation
Less Than Significant Impact.

AIR QUALITY, GREENHOUSE GAS, AND ENERGY IMPACT ASSESSMENT References

11.1 11.0 REFERENCES
CARB. 2013. GHG Short-Lived Climate Pollutant Inventory. Website: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/ghg-slcpinventory. Accessed January 23, 2024. _____. 2016. Ambient Air Quality Standards. Website: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020- 07/aaqs2.pdf. Accessed January 23, 2024.
_____. 2018. Climate Pollutants Fall Below 1990 Levels for the First Time. Website:
https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/climate-pollutants-fall-below-1990-levels-first-time. Accessed January 23, 2024.
_____. 2022. 2022 Scoping Plan. Website: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-12/2022- sp_1.pdf. Accessed January 23, 2024.
_____. 2024a. iADAM: Air Quality Data Statistics. Website: https://www.arb.ca.gov/adam/index.html.

Accessed October 23, 2024.
_____. 2024b. Overview: Diesel Exhaust & Health. Website: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/overviewdiesel-exhaust-and-health. Accessed January 23, 2024. _____. 2024c. SB 375 Regional Plan Climate Targets. Website: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/ourwork/programs/sustainable-communities-program/regional-plan-targets. Accessed January 23, 2024.
_____. 2024d. LCFS Regulation. Website: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/low-carbon-fuelstandard/lcfs-regulation. Accessed January 23, 2024. _____. 2024e. Current California GHG Emission Inventory Data. Website: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/ghginventory-data. Accessed October 24, 2024.

California Department of Public Health. 2021. Valley Fever Fact Sheet. Website:
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/ValleyFeverFact Sheet.pdf#:~:text=Valley%20fever%20%28also%20called%20coccidioidomycosis%20or%20%E2 %80%9Ccocci%E2%80%9D%29%20is,areas%20of%20California%20and%20the%20southwest ern%20United%20States. Accessed January 31, 2024.
———. 2024. Valley Fever in California Dashboard. Website:
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/ValleyFeverDashboard.aspx. Accessed January 31, 2024.

California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA). 2024. Fuel Taxes Statistics & Reports.

Website: https://www.cdtfa.ca.gov/taxes-and-fees/spftrpts.htm. Accessed January 31, 2024.

AIR QUALITY, GREENHOUSE GAS, AND ENERGY IMPACT ASSESSMENT References

11.2 California Energy Commission (CEC). 2016a. Electricity Consumption by County. Website:
http://ecdms.energy.ca.gov/elecbycounty.aspx. Accessed January 31, 2024. _____. 2016b. Gas Consumption by County. Website: http://ecdms.energy.ca.gov/gasbycounty.aspx.

Accessed January 31, 2024.
_____. 2022. 2022 Integrated Energy Policy Report Update. Website: https://www.energy.ca.gov/datareports/reports/integrated-energy-policy-report/2022-integrated-energy-policy-report-update.

Accessed January 23, 2024.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020. Valley Fever (Coccidioidomycosis). Website:
https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/coccidioidomycosis/index.html. Accessed January 31, 2024.

City of Seal Beach. 2003. City of Seal Beach General Plan. Website:
https://www.sealbeachca.gov/Departments/Community-Development/PlanningDevelopment/General-Plan. Accessed January 23, 2024.

CPUC. 2021. 60% RPS Procurement Rules. Website: https://www.cpuc.ca.gov/industries-andtopics/electrical-energy/electric-power-procurement/rps/rps-compliance-rules-and-process/60- percent-rps-procurement-rules. Accessed January 23, 2024.

Governor’s Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation. 2024. SB 743 Frequently Asked Questions.

Website: https://lci.ca.gov/ceqa/sb-743/faq.html#housing-projects. Accessed October 24, 2024.

Institute of Transportation Engineers. 2021. Trip Generation Manual, 11th Edition.

NHTSA. 2020. Final Environmental Impact Statement for The Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient (SAFE) Vehicles Rule for Model Year 2021-2026 Passenger Cars and Light Trucks. Website:
https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/safe_vehicles_rule_feis.pdf. Accessed January 23, 2024.
_____. 2022. Corporate Average Fuel Economy. Available online at: https://www.nhtsa.gov/lawsregulations/corporate-average-fuel-economy#40466. Accessed January 23, 2024.

South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). 1976. Rule 402, Nuisance. Website:
http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule-book/rule-iv/rule-402.pdf?sfvrsn=4. Accessed January 24, 2024.
_____. 1993. CEQA Air Quality Handbook. Website: http://www.aqmd.gov/home/rulescompliance/ceqa/air-quality-analysis-handbook/ceqa-air-quality-handbook-(1993). Accessed January 18, 2024.
_____. 2005. Rule 403, Fugitive Dust. Website: http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule-book/ruleiv/rule-403.pdf?sfvrsn=4. Accessed January 24, 2024.

AIR QUALITY, GREENHOUSE GAS, AND ENERGY IMPACT ASSESSMENT References

11.3 ———. 2008a. Final Localized Significance Thresholds Methodology. Website:
http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/localized-significance-thresholds/finallst-methodology-document.pdf?sfvrsn=2. Accessed January 24, 2024. ———. 2008b. Draft Guidance Document, Interim CEQA Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Significance Threshold. Website: http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/greenhousegases-(ghg)-ceqa-significance-thresholds/ghgattachmente.pdf?sfvrsn=2. Accessed January 24, 2024.
———. 2009. Appendix C – Mass Rate LST Look-up Tables. Website: http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/defaultsource/ceqa/handbook/localized-significance-thresholds/appendix-c-mass-rate-lst-look-uptables.pdf?sfvrsn=2. Accessed January 24, 2024. ———. 2016a. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and California Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) Attainment Status for South Coast Air Basin. Website:
http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/clean-air-plans/air-quality-management-plans/naaqscaaqs-feb2016.pdf?sfvrsn=14. Accessed January 23, 2024. ———. 2016b. Final Program Environmental Impact Report 2016 Air Quality Management Plan. Website:
https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/documents/aqmdprojects/2016/2016aqmpfpeir.pdf?sfvrsn=10. Accessed October 22, 2024. ———. 2022. 2022 Air Quality Management Plan. Website: http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/defaultsource/clean-air-plans/air-quality-management-plans/2022-air-quality-management-plan/final2022-aqmp/final-2022-aqmp.pdf?sfvrsn=16. Accessed January 23, 2024.

Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). 2020. Demographics and Growth Forecast Technical Report. Website: https://scag.ca.gov/sites/main/files/fileattachments/0903fconnectsocal_demographics-and-growth-forecast.pdf?1606001579. Accessed February 2, 2024.
_____. 2023. About Us. Website: https://scag.ca.gov/about-us. Accessed January 23, 2024. _____. 2024. Connect SoCal 2024-2050 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy. Website: https://scag.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/23-2987-connect-socal2024-final-complete-040424.pdf?1714175547. Accessed October 23, 2024.

Southern California Edison (SCE). 2024. 2022 Power Content Label – Southern California Edison.

Website: https://www.sce.com/sites/default/files/customfiles/PDF_Files/SCE_2022_Power_Content_Label_B%26W.pdf. January 24, 2024.

USEPA. 2023a. Criteria Air Pollutants. Website: https://www.epa.gov/criteria-airpollutants?msclkid=402121eaa62811ec9f3a5e32e281714a. Accessed January 23, 2024.

AIR QUALITY, GREENHOUSE GAS, AND ENERGY IMPACT ASSESSMENT References

11.4 _____. 2023b. Overview of Greenhouse Gases. Website: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overviewgreenhouse-gases. Accessed January 23, 2024. _____. 2023c. Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Basics. Website: https://www.epa.gov/eps-partnership/sulfurhexafluoride-sf6-basics. Accessed January 23, 2024. _____. 2024a. Lead. Website: https://www.epa.gov/lead. Accessed January 23, 2024. _____. 2024b. Asbestos. Website: https://www.epa.gov/asbestos. Accessed January 23, 2024. _____. 2024c. Inflation Reduction Act. https://www.epa.gov/inflation-reduction-act. Accessed January 24, 2024.
_____. 2024d. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks. Website:
https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks. Accessed October 23, 2024.

USGS. 2011. Reported Historic Asbestos Mines, Historic Asbestos Prospects, and Other Natural Occurrences of Asbestos in California. Website: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1188/. Accessed January 31, 2024.

AIR QUALITY, GREENHOUSE GAS, AND ENERGY IMPACT ASSESSMENT

APPENDIX A

CALEEMOD MODELING RESULTS
IJ
Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 1 / 32
Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report
Table of Contents

1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information

1.2. Land Use Types

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.2. Construction Emissions by Year, Unmitigated

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Demolition (2025) - Unmitigated

3.3. Site Preparation (2025) - Unmitigated

3.5. Grading (2025) - Unmitigated

3.7. Building Construction (2025) - Unmitigated

3.9. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated

3.11. Paving (2026) - Unmitigated

3.13. Architectural Coating (2026) - Unmitigated
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4. Operations Emissions Details

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated

5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies

5.5. Architectural Coatings

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies

5.7. Construction Paving
Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 3 / 32

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated

6. Climate Risk Detailed Report

6.1. Climate Risk Summary

6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores

6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores

6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures

7. Health and Equity Details

7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores

7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores

7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores

7.4. Health & Equity Measures
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7.5. Evaluation Scorecard

7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures

8. User Changes to Default Data
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1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name Seal Beach HE Update - Construction
Construction Start Date 1/1/2025
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 2.30
Precipitation (days) 18.4
Location 33.74633801824868, -118.10302812087545
County Orange
City Seal Beach
Air District South Coast AQMD
Air Basin South Coast
TAZ 5856
EDFZ 7
Electric Utility Southern California Edison
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.28

1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
Apartments Mid
Rise
552 Dwelling Unit 12.0 529,920 0.00 — 1,645 —
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1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector No measures selected

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 166 166 13.8 36.3 0.04 0.45 5.70 6.14 0.41 1.36 1.77 — 9,555 9,555 0.26 0.47 25.1 9,726 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 4.11 3.39 33.0 33.3 0.06 1.38 20.2 21.5 1.27 10.2 11.5 — 9,300 9,300 0.30 0.47 0.65 9,448 Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 9.94 9.84 12.3 23.0 0.03 0.43 4.41 4.85 0.40 1.32 1.72 — 6,077 6,077 0.19 0.27 6.02 6,169 Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 1.81 1.80 2.24 4.20 0.01 0.08 0.81 0.88 0.07 0.24 0.31 — 1,006 1,006 0.03 0.05 1.00 1,021

2.2. Construction Emissions by Year, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Year TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 3.09 2.59 13.8 36.3 0.04 0.45 5.70 6.14 0.41 1.36 1.77 — 9,555 9,555 0.26 0.47 25.1 9,726 -------------------
-------------------
Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 7 / 32
2026 166 166 12.9 34.9 0.04 0.39 5.70 6.09 0.36 1.36 1.72 — 9,423 9,423 0.25 0.47 22.8 9,592 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 4.11 3.39 33.0 33.3 0.06 1.38 20.2 21.5 1.27 10.2 11.5 — 9,300 9,300 0.30 0.47 0.65 9,448 2026 2.79 2.45 13.2 32.0 0.04 0.39 5.70 6.09 0.36 1.36 1.72 — 9,174 9,174 0.26 0.47 0.59 9,321 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 2.26 1.89 12.3 23.0 0.03 0.43 4.41 4.85 0.40 1.32 1.72 — 6,077 6,077 0.19 0.27 6.02 6,169 2026 9.94 9.84 4.15 10.0 0.01 0.13 1.64 1.77 0.12 0.39 0.51 — 2,741 2,741 0.08 0.13 2.85 2,786 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 0.41 0.35 2.24 4.20 0.01 0.08 0.81 0.88 0.07 0.24 0.31 — 1,006 1,006 0.03 0.05 1.00 1,021 2026 1.81 1.80 0.76 1.83 < 0.005 0.02 0.30 0.32 0.02 0.07 0.09 — 454 454 0.01 0.02 0.47 461

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Demolition (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

2.86 2.40 22.2 19.9 0.03 0.92 — 0.92 0.84 — 0.84 — 3,425 3,425 0.14 0.03 — 3,437 Demoliti
on
— — — — — — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — —
-------------------
Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 8 / 32
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.16 0.13 1.22 1.09 < 0.005 0.05 — 0.05 0.05 — 0.05 — 188 188 0.01 < 0.005 — 188 Demoliti
on
— — — — — — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.03 0.02 0.22 0.20 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 31.1 31.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 31.2 Demoliti
on
— — — — — — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.73 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 189 189 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 192 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.07 0.01 0.88 0.38 < 0.005 0.01 0.18 0.19 0.01 0.05 0.06 — 698 698 0.06 0.11 0.04 733 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 10.5 10.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 10.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 9 / 32
Hauling < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 38.2 38.2 < 0.005 0.01 0.03 40.2 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.74 1.74 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.77 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.33 6.33 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.65

3.3. Site Preparation (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.94 3.31 31.6 30.2 0.05 1.37 — 1.37 1.26 — 1.26 — 5,295 5,295 0.21 0.04 — 5,314 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 19.7 19.7 — 10.1 10.1 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.11 0.09 0.87 0.83 < 0.005 0.04 — 0.04 0.03 — 0.03 — 145 145 0.01 < 0.005 — 146 -------------------
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Dust — — — — — — 0.54 0.54 — 0.28 0.28 — — — — — — —
From
Material
Movement
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.02 0.16 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 24.0 24.0 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 24.1 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.10 0.10 — 0.05 0.05 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 221 221 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 224 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.10 0.02 1.32 0.57 0.01 0.01 0.27 0.28 0.01 0.08 0.09 — 1,046 1,046 0.08 0.17 0.06 1,099 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.14 6.14 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.22 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 28.7 28.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 30.1 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.02 1.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.03 Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 11 / 32
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 4.75 4.75 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 4.99

3.5. Grading (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.80 3.20 29.7 28.3 0.06 1.23 — 1.23 1.14 — 1.14 — 6,599 6,599 0.27 0.05 — 6,622 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 9.20 9.20 — 3.65 3.65 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.31 0.26 2.44 2.33 0.01 0.10 — 0.10 0.09 — 0.09 — 542 542 0.02 < 0.005 — 544 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.76 0.76 — 0.30 0.30 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -------------------
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.06 0.05 0.45 0.42 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 89.8 89.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 90.1 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.14 0.14 — 0.05 0.05 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.97 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.26 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 253 253 < 0.005 0.01 0.03 256 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 21.1 21.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 21.3 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.49 3.49 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 3.53 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.7. Building Construction (2025) - Unmitigated
Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 13 / 32
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.35 1.13 10.4 13.0 0.02 0.43 — 0.43 0.40 — 0.40 — 2,398 2,398 0.10 0.02 — 2,406 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.35 1.13 10.4 13.0 0.02 0.43 — 0.43 0.40 — 0.40 — 2,398 2,398 0.10 0.02 — 2,406 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.73 0.61 5.68 7.09 0.01 0.23 — 0.23 0.22 — 0.22 — 1,304 1,304 0.05 0.01 — 1,309 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.13 0.11 1.04 1.29 < 0.005 0.04 — 0.04 0.04 — 0.04 — 216 216 0.01 < 0.005 — 217 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -------------------
Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 14 / 32
Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 1.60 1.41 1.38 22.2 0.00 0.00 5.19 5.19 0.00 1.22 1.22 — 5,276 5,276 0.06 0.19 20.0 5,354 Vendor 0.14 0.05 1.96 0.97 0.01 0.01 0.50 0.52 0.01 0.14 0.15 — 1,881 1,881 0.11 0.26 5.12 1,967 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 1.59 1.40 1.57 19.2 0.00 0.00 5.19 5.19 0.00 1.22 1.22 — 5,021 5,021 0.07 0.19 0.52 5,079 Vendor 0.14 0.05 2.03 1.00 0.01 0.01 0.50 0.52 0.01 0.14 0.15 — 1,882 1,882 0.11 0.26 0.13 1,963 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.86 0.75 0.85 10.9 0.00 0.00 2.79 2.79 0.00 0.65 0.65 — 2,769 2,769 0.04 0.10 4.69 2,805 Vendor 0.08 0.03 1.11 0.54 0.01 0.01 0.27 0.28 0.01 0.08 0.08 — 1,024 1,024 0.06 0.14 1.21 1,069 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.16 0.14 0.15 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.51 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 458 458 0.01 0.02 0.78 464 Vendor 0.01 0.01 0.20 0.10 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.05 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 — 169 169 0.01 0.02 0.20 177 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.9. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
------------------- — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 15 / 32
Off-Roa 1.28 1.07 9.85 13.0 0.02 0.38 — 0.38 0.35 — 0.35 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 d
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.28 1.07 9.85 13.0 0.02 0.38 — 0.38 0.35 — 0.35 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.36 0.30 2.76 3.63 0.01 0.11 — 0.11 0.10 — 0.10 — 671 671 0.03 0.01 — 673 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.07 0.05 0.50 0.66 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 111 111 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 111 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 1.38 1.34 1.21 20.9 0.00 0.00 5.19 5.19 0.00 1.22 1.22 — 5,175 5,175 0.06 0.19 18.0 5,251 Vendor 0.14 0.04 1.88 0.94 0.01 0.01 0.50 0.52 0.01 0.14 0.15 — 1,851 1,851 0.09 0.26 4.78 1,936 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 16 / 32
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 1.37 1.34 1.39 18.1 0.00 0.00 5.19 5.19 0.00 1.22 1.22 — 4,925 4,925 0.07 0.19 0.47 4,984 Vendor 0.14 0.04 1.96 0.96 0.01 0.01 0.50 0.52 0.01 0.14 0.15 — 1,852 1,852 0.09 0.26 0.12 1,932 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.38 0.37 0.39 5.26 0.00 0.00 1.44 1.44 0.00 0.34 0.34 — 1,397 1,397 0.02 0.05 2.17 1,416 Vendor 0.04 0.01 0.55 0.27 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.14 0.14 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 — 518 518 0.03 0.07 0.58 541 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.26 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 231 231 < 0.005 0.01 0.36 234 Vendor 0.01 < 0.005 0.10 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 85.8 85.8 < 0.005 0.01 0.10 89.6 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.11. Paving (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.91 0.76 7.12 9.94 0.01 0.32 — 0.32 0.29 — 0.29 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -------------------
Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 17 / 32
Daily, — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Winter
(Max)
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.05 0.04 0.39 0.54 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 82.8 82.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 83.1 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.01 0.01 0.07 0.10 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 13.7 13.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 13.8 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 195 195 < 0.005 0.01 0.68 198 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 10.3 10.3 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 10.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 18 / 32
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.71 1.71 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.73 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.13. Architectural Coating (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.15 0.12 0.86 1.13 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
166 166 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.01 0.01 0.05 0.06 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 7.32 7.32 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.34 -------------------
Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 19 / 32
Architect 9.09 9.09 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
ural
Coating
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 1.21 1.21 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.22 Architect
ural
Coating
s

1.66 1.66 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.28 0.27 0.24 4.19 0.00 0.00 1.04 1.04 0.00 0.24 0.24 — 1,035 1,035 0.01 0.04 3.60 1,050 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 54.7 54.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.09 55.4 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 9.06 9.06 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 9.18 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 20 / 32
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetati
on
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Days Per Week Work Days per Phase Phase Description Demolition Demolition 1/1/2025 1/29/2025 5.00 20.0 —
Site Preparation Site Preparation 1/30/2025 2/13/2025 5.00 10.0 — Grading Grading 2/14/2025 3/28/2025 5.00 30.0 —
Building Construction Building Construction 3/29/2025 5/23/2026 5.00 300 — Paving Paving 5/24/2026 6/21/2026 5.00 20.0 —
Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 6/22/2026 7/20/2026 5.00 20.0 —

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Demolition Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 367 0.40 Demolition Excavators Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 36.0 0.38 Seal Beach HE Update - Construction Detailed Report, 10/21/2024 23 / 32
Demolition Concrete/Industrial
Saws
Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 33.0 0.73
Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 36.0 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 367 0.40 Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 423 0.48
Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 82.0 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 14.0 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.00 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 46.0 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.00 7.00 84.0 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 81.0 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 89.0 0.36 Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 36.0 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.00 37.0 0.48

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Demolition — — — —
Demolition Worker 15.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Demolition Vendor — 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Demolition Hauling 10.0 20.0 HHDT
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Demolition Onsite truck—— HHDT
Site Preparation————
Site Preparation Worker 17.5 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor— 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 15.0 20.0 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck—— HHDT
Grading————
Grading Worker 20.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor— 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck—— HHDT
Building Construction————
Building Construction Worker 397 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 59.0 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck—— HHDT
Paving————
Paving Worker 15.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor— 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck—— HHDT
Architectural Coating————
Architectural Coating Worker 79.5 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor— 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck—— HHDT

5.4. Vehicles
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5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.5. Architectural Coatings
Phase Name Residential Interior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Interior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
Architectural Coating 1,073,088 357,696 0.00 0.00 —

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
Phase Name Material Imported (cy) Material Exported (cy) Acres Graded (acres) Material Demolished (sq. ft.) Acres Paved (acres) Demolition 0.00 0.00 0.00 — —
Site Preparation — — 15.0 0.00 —
Grading — — 90.0 0.00 —
Paving 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 —

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.7. Construction Paving
Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Apartments Mid Rise — 0%

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Year and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
Year kWh per Year CO2 CH4 N2O
2025 0.00 532 0.03 < 0.005
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2026 0.00 532 0.03 < 0.005

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

6. Climate Risk Detailed Report

6.1. Climate Risk Summary
Cal-Adapt midcentury 2040–2059 average projections for four hazards are reported below for your project location. These are under Representation Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 which assumes GHG emissions will continue to rise strongly through 2050 and then plateau around 2100.

Climate Hazard Result for Project Location Unit
Temperature and Extreme Heat 7.28 annual days of extreme heat Extreme Precipitation 3.65 annual days with precipitation above 20 mm Sea Level Rise — meters of inundation depth
Wildfire 4.74 annual hectares burned
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Temperature and Extreme Heat data are for grid cell in which your project are located. The projection is based on the 98th historical percentile of daily maximum/minimum temperatures from observed historical data (32 climate model ensemble from Cal-Adapt, 2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.

Extreme Precipitation data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The threshold of 20 mm is equivalent to about ¾ an inch of rain, which would be light to moderate rainfall if received over a full day or heavy rain if received over a period of 2 to 4 hours. Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.

Sea Level Rise data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from Radke et al. (2017), as reported in Cal-Adapt (Radke et al., 2017, CEC-500-2017-008), and consider inundation location and depth for the San Francisco Bay, the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta and California coast resulting different increments of sea level rise coupled with extreme storm events. Users may select from four scenarios to view the range in potential inundation depth for the grid cell. The four scenarios are: No rise, 0.5 meter, 1.0 meter, 1.41 meters Wildfire data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from UC Davis, as reported in Cal-Adapt (2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5), and consider historical data of climate, vegetation, population density, and large (> 400 ha) fire history. Users may select from four model simulations to view the range in potential wildfire probabilities for the grid cell. The four simulations make different assumptions about expected rainfall and temperature are: Warmer/drier (HadGEM2-ES), Cooler/wetter (CNRM-CM5), Average conditions (CanESM2), Range of different rainfall and temperature possibilities (MIROC5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.

6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat N/A N/A N/A N/A
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise N/A N/A N/A N/A
Wildfire N/A N/A N/A N/A
Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drought N/A N/A N/A N/A
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation N/A N/A N/A N/A
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure.

The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest ability to adapt.

The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores do not include implementation of climate risk reduction measures.

6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat N/A N/A N/A N/A
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise N/A N/A N/A N/A
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Wildfire N/A N/A N/A N/A
Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drought N/A N/A N/A N/A
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation N/A N/A N/A N/A
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure.

The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores include implementation of climate risk reduction measures.

6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures

7. Health and Equity Details

7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores
The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state.

Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Exposure Indicators —
AQ-Ozone 24.9
AQ-PM 60.5
AQ-DPM 40.5
Drinking Water 9.13
Lead Risk Housing 59.7
Pesticides 36.1
Toxic Releases 95.0
Traffic 53.4
Effect Indicators —
CleanUp Sites 90.0
Groundwater 88.5
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Haz Waste Facilities/Generators 89.8
Impaired Water Bodies 91.9
Solid Waste 67.5
Sensitive Population —
Asthma 8.70
Cardio-vascular 22.7
Low Birth Weights 7.95
Socioeconomic Factor Indicators —
Education 21.7
Housing 58.8
Linguistic 5.64
Poverty 0.83
Unemployment 32.3

7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores
The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.

Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Economic —
Above Poverty 97.84421917
Employed 59.16848454
Median HI 93.10920056
Education —
Bachelor's or higher 89.32375209
High school enrollment 12.79353266
Preschool enrollment 95.7141024
Transportation —
Auto Access 93.63531374
Active commuting 53.95868087
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Social —
2-parent households 51.8285641
Voting 90.4016425
Neighborhood —
Alcohol availability 51.59758758
Park access 81.35506224
Retail density 52.62414988
Supermarket access 74.83639163
Tree canopy 28.25612729
Housing —
Homeownership 99.76902348
Housing habitability 85.98742461
Low-inc homeowner severe housing cost burden 37.05889901 Low-inc renter severe housing cost burden 54.20248941
Uncrowded housing 83.16437829
Health Outcomes —
Insured adults 89.59322469
Arthritis 0.0
Asthma ER Admissions 89.7
High Blood Pressure 0.0
Cancer (excluding skin) 0.0
Asthma 0.0
Coronary Heart Disease 0.0
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 0.0
Diagnosed Diabetes 0.0
Life Expectancy at Birth 87.6
Cognitively Disabled 60.3
Physically Disabled 86.7
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Heart Attack ER Admissions 70.3
Mental Health Not Good 0.0
Chronic Kidney Disease 0.0
Obesity 0.0
Pedestrian Injuries 19.6
Physical Health Not Good 0.0
Stroke 0.0
Health Risk Behaviors—
Binge Drinking 0.0
Current Smoker 0.0
No Leisure Time for Physical Activity 0.0
Climate Change Exposures—
Wildfire Risk 0.0
SLR Inundation Area 19.2
Children 95.4
Elderly 10.4
English Speaking 98.1
Foreign-born 4.6
Outdoor Workers 93.2
Climate Change Adaptive Capacity—
Impervious Surface Cover 30.4
Traffic Density 43.9
Traffic Access 23.0
Other Indices—
Hardship 11.8
Other Decision Support—
2016 Voting 93.7
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7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores
Metric Result for Project Census Tract
CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Score for Project Location (a) 23.0 Healthy Places Index Score for Project Location (b) 92.0 Project Located in a Designated Disadvantaged Community (Senate Bill 535) No Project Located in a Low-Income Community (Assembly Bill 1550) No Project Located in a Community Air Protection Program Community (Assembly Bill 617) No a: The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state. b: The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.

7.4. Health & Equity Measures
No Health & Equity Measures selected.

7.5. Evaluation Scorecard
Health & Equity Evaluation Scorecard not completed.

7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures
No Health & Equity Custom Measures created.

8. User Changes to Default Data
Screen Justification
Land Use Acreage adjusted to match the estimated developable acres of Site No. 4.

Construction: Trips and VMT Haul truck trips added into Demo and Site Prep phases to account for assumed material transport.

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Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report
Table of Contents

1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information

1.2. Land Use Types

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector

2. Emissions Summary

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated

4.1.2. Mitigated

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 2 / 53

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated

4.3.2. Mitigated

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated

4.4.2. Mitigated

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated

4.5.2. Mitigated

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated

4.6.2. Mitigated

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated

4.7.2. Mitigated
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4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated

4.8.2. Mitigated

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated

4.9.2. Mitigated

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated

5. Activity Data

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated

5.9.2. Mitigated

5.10. Operational Area Sources
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5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.1.1. Unmitigated

5.10.1.2. Mitigated

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated

5.11.2. Mitigated

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated

5.12.2. Mitigated

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated

5.13.2. Mitigated

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated

5.14.2. Mitigated
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5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated

5.18.2.2. Mitigated

6. Climate Risk Detailed Report
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6.1. Climate Risk Summary

6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores

6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores

6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures

7. Health and Equity Details

7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores

7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores

7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores

7.4. Health & Equity Measures

7.5. Evaluation Scorecard

7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures

8. User Changes to Default Data
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1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Operational Year 2029
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 2.30
Precipitation (days) 18.4
Location 33.74633801824868, -118.10302812087545
County Orange
City Seal Beach
Air District South Coast AQMD
Air Basin South Coast
TAZ 5856
EDFZ 7
Electric Utility Southern California Edison
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.29

1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
Apartments Mid
Rise
396 Dwelling Unit 10.4 380,160 7,917,891 — 1,180 mid-rise units Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 8 / 53
Apartments Low 843 Dwelling Unit 52.7 893,580 4,638,291 — 2,512 low-rise units Rise
Apartments High
Rise
534 Dwelling Unit 8.61 512,640 6,254,666 — 1,591 affordable units

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector Sector # Measure Title
Transportation T-14* Provide Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Transportation T-34* Provide Bike Parking
Transportation T-35* Provide Trac Calming Measures
Energy E-1 Buildings Exceed 2019 Title 24 Building Envelope Energy Efficiency Standards
Energy E-2 Require Energy Efficient Appliances
Energy E-10-B Establish Onsite Renewable Energy Systems: Solar Power Energy E-12-A Install Alternative Type of Water Heater in Place of Gas Storage Tank Heater in Residences
Energy E-12-B Install Electric Space Heater in Place of Natural Gas Heaters in Residences
Energy E-13 Install Electric Ranges in Place of Gas Ranges Water W-4 Require Low-Flow Water Fixtures
Area Sources LL-1 Replace Gas Powered Landscape Equipment with Zero-Emission Landscape Equipment
Area Sources AS-2 Use Low-VOC Paints
* Qualitative or supporting measure. Emission reductions not included in the mitigated emissions results.

2. Emissions Summary

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e -------------------
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Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 82.8 79.0 27.5 356 0.75 0.92 70.6 71.5 0.88 17.9 18.8 834 92,462 93,296 88.1 3.06 194 96,606 Mit. 72.9 69.6 26.1 255 0.74 0.83 70.6 71.4 0.81 17.9 18.7 815 86,296 87,111 85.8 2.98 194 90,337 %
Reduced
12% 12% 5% 28% 1% 9% — < 0.5% 8% — < 0.5% 2% 7% 7% 3% 3% — 6% Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 73.4 70.1 28.3 237 0.71 0.87 70.6 71.5 0.85 17.9 18.8 834 89,441 90,275 88.2 3.18 17.5 93,445 Mit. 72.7 69.4 27.9 237 0.71 0.83 70.6 71.4 0.81 17.9 18.7 815 83,473 84,289 85.9 3.09 17.5 87,375 %
Reduced
1% 1% 2% < 0.5% < 0.5% 4% — < 0.5% 4% — < 0.5% 2% 7% 7% 3% 3% — 6% Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 79.5 75.8 29.2 312 0.73 0.90 69.7 70.6 0.87 17.7 18.6 834 90,367 91,201 88.2 3.19 91.1 94,447 Mit. 72.5 69.2 28.1 242 0.72 0.83 69.7 70.6 0.81 17.7 18.5 815 84,264 85,079 85.9 3.10 91.1 88,241 %
Reduced
9% 9% 4% 22% 1% 8% — < 0.5% 7% — < 0.5% 2% 7% 7% 3% 3% — 7% Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 14.5 13.8 5.33 56.9 0.13 0.17 12.7 12.9 0.16 3.23 3.39 138 14,961 15,099 14.6 0.53 15.1 15,637 Mit. 13.2 12.6 5.13 44.2 0.13 0.15 12.7 12.9 0.15 3.23 3.38 135 13,951 14,086 14.2 0.51 15.1 14,609 %
Reduced
9% 9% 4% 22% 1% 8% — < 0.5% 7% — < 0.5% 2% 7% 7% 3% 3% — 7%

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e -------------------
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 10 / 53
Daily, — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Summer
(Max)
Mobile 31.5 28.6 20.5 253 0.70 0.38 70.6 71.0 0.36 17.9 18.3 — 71,832 71,832 2.92 2.64 181 72,874 Area 50.5 50.0 0.95 101 < 0.005 0.05 — 0.05 0.04 — 0.04 0.00 269 269 0.01 < 0.005 — 270 Energy 0.71 0.36 6.08 2.59 0.04 0.49 — 0.49 0.49 — 0.49 — 17,397 17,397 1.28 0.09 — 17,455 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 127 2,965 3,092 13.3 0.33 — 3,523 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.8 12.8
Total 82.8 79.0 27.5 356 0.75 0.92 70.6 71.5 0.88 17.9 18.8 834 92,462 93,296 88.1 3.06 194 96,606 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 31.4 28.4 22.3 234 0.68 0.38 70.6 71.0 0.36 17.9 18.3 — 69,080 69,080 3.02 2.76 4.70 69,982 Area 41.3 41.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.71 0.36 6.08 2.59 0.04 0.49 — 0.49 0.49 — 0.49 — 17,397 17,397 1.28 0.09 — 17,455 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 127 2,965 3,092 13.3 0.33 — 3,523 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.8 12.8
Total 73.4 70.1 28.3 237 0.71 0.87 70.6 71.5 0.85 17.9 18.8 834 89,441 90,275 88.2 3.18 17.5 93,445 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 31.2 28.2 22.5 240 0.68 0.38 69.7 70.1 0.36 17.7 18.1 — 69,822 69,822 3.01 2.77 78.3 70,800 Area 47.6 47.3 0.65 69.1 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.02 — 0.02 0.00 184 184 0.01 < 0.005 — 185 Energy 0.71 0.36 6.08 2.59 0.04 0.49 — 0.49 0.49 — 0.49 — 17,397 17,397 1.28 0.09 — 17,455 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 127 2,965 3,092 13.3 0.33 — 3,523 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.8 12.8
Total 79.5 75.8 29.2 312 0.73 0.90 69.7 70.6 0.87 17.7 18.6 834 90,367 91,201 88.2 3.19 91.1 94,447 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 11 / 53
Mobile 5.69 5.15 4.10 43.8 0.12 0.07 12.7 12.8 0.06 3.23 3.30 — 11,560 11,560 0.50 0.46 13.0 11,722 Area 8.69 8.63 0.12 12.6 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 30.5 30.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30.6 Energy 0.13 0.06 1.11 0.47 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,880 2,880 0.21 0.01 — 2,890 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 21.1 491 512 2.19 0.06 — 583 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 117 0.00 117 11.7 0.00 — 409 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.12 2.12
Total 14.5 13.8 5.33 56.9 0.13 0.17 12.7 12.9 0.16 3.23 3.39 138 14,961 15,099 14.6 0.53 15.1 15,637

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 31.5 28.6 20.5 253 0.70 0.38 70.6 71.0 0.36 17.9 18.3 — 71,832 71,832 2.92 2.64 181 72,874 Area 40.7 40.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.66 0.33 5.61 2.39 0.04 0.45 — 0.45 0.45 — 0.45 — 11,595 11,595 0.91 0.05 — 11,632 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 109 2,869 2,978 11.3 0.29 — 3,347 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.8 12.8
Total 72.9 69.6 26.1 255 0.74 0.83 70.6 71.4 0.81 17.9 18.7 815 86,296 87,111 85.8 2.98 194 90,337 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 31.4 28.4 22.3 234 0.68 0.38 70.6 71.0 0.36 17.9 18.3 — 69,080 69,080 3.02 2.76 4.70 69,982 Area 40.7 40.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.66 0.33 5.61 2.39 0.04 0.45 — 0.45 0.45 — 0.45 — 11,525 11,525 0.90 0.05 — 11,561 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 109 2,869 2,978 11.3 0.29 — 3,347 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 -------------------
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 12 / 53
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.8 12.8
Total 72.7 69.4 27.9 237 0.71 0.83 70.6 71.4 0.81 17.9 18.7 815 83,473 84,289 85.9 3.09 17.5 87,375 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 31.2 28.2 22.5 240 0.68 0.38 69.7 70.1 0.36 17.7 18.1 — 69,822 69,822 3.01 2.77 78.3 70,800 Area 40.7 40.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.66 0.33 5.61 2.39 0.04 0.45 — 0.45 0.45 — 0.45 — 11,573 11,573 0.91 0.05 — 11,610 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 109 2,869 2,978 11.3 0.29 — 3,347 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.8 12.8
Total 72.5 69.2 28.1 242 0.72 0.83 69.7 70.6 0.81 17.7 18.5 815 84,264 85,079 85.9 3.10 91.1 88,241 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 5.69 5.15 4.10 43.8 0.12 0.07 12.7 12.8 0.06 3.23 3.30 — 11,560 11,560 0.50 0.46 13.0 11,722 Area 7.42 7.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.12 0.06 1.02 0.44 0.01 0.08 — 0.08 0.08 — 0.08 — 1,916 1,916 0.15 0.01 — 1,922 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 18.0 475 493 1.88 0.05 — 554 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 117 0.00 117 11.7 0.00 — 409 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.12 2.12
Total 13.2 12.6 5.13 44.2 0.13 0.15 12.7 12.9 0.15 3.23 3.38 135 13,951 14,086 14.2 0.51 15.1 14,609

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 13 / 53
Daily,——————————————————
Summer
(Max)
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

5.64 5.12 3.67 45.2 0.13 0.07 12.6 12.7 0.06 3.21 3.27— 12,852 12,852 0.52 0.47 32.5 13,039 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

17.8 16.2 11.6 143 0.40 0.22 39.9 40.1 0.20 10.1 10.3— 40,618 40,618 1.65 1.49 103 41,207 Apartme
nts
High
Rise

8.06 7.32 5.24 64.6 0.18 0.10 18.0 18.1 0.09 4.58 4.67— 18,362 18,362 0.75 0.68 46.4 18,628 Total 31.5 28.6 20.5 253 0.70 0.38 70.6 71.0 0.36 17.9 18.3— 71,832 71,832 2.92 2.64 181 72,874 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
——————————————————
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

5.61 5.08 3.98 41.9 0.12 0.07 12.6 12.7 0.06 3.21 3.27— 12,360 12,360 0.54 0.49 0.84 12,521 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

17.7 16.1 12.6 132 0.38 0.22 39.9 40.1 0.20 10.1 10.3— 39,062 39,062 1.71 1.56 2.66 39,572 Apartme
nts
High
Rise

8.02 7.26 5.69 59.9 0.17 0.10 18.0 18.1 0.09 4.58 4.67— 17,658 17,658 0.77 0.71 1.20 17,889 Total 31.4 28.4 22.3 234 0.68 0.38 70.6 71.0 0.36 17.9 18.3— 69,080 69,080 3.02 2.76 4.70 69,982 Annual——————————————————
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

1.02 0.92 0.73 7.84 0.02 0.01 2.28 2.29 0.01 0.58 0.59— 2,068 2,068 0.09 0.08 2.32 2,097 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

3.21 2.91 2.32 24.8 0.07 0.04 7.20 7.24 0.04 1.83 1.86— 6,537 6,537 0.28 0.26 7.33 6,628 Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 14 / 53
Apartme 1.45 1.32 1.05 11.2 0.03 0.02 3.25 3.27 0.02 0.83 0.84 — 2,955 2,955 0.13 0.12 3.31 2,996 nts
High
Rise
Total 5.69 5.15 4.10 43.8 0.12 0.07 12.7 12.8 0.06 3.23 3.30 — 11,560 11,560 0.50 0.46 13.0 11,722

4.1.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

5.64 5.12 3.67 45.2 0.13 0.07 12.6 12.7 0.06 3.21 3.27 — 12,852 12,852 0.52 0.47 32.5 13,039 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

17.8 16.2 11.6 143 0.40 0.22 39.9 40.1 0.20 10.1 10.3 — 40,618 40,618 1.65 1.49 103 41,207 Apartme
nts
High
Rise

8.06 7.32 5.24 64.6 0.18 0.10 18.0 18.1 0.09 4.58 4.67 — 18,362 18,362 0.75 0.68 46.4 18,628 Total 31.5 28.6 20.5 253 0.70 0.38 70.6 71.0 0.36 17.9 18.3 — 71,832 71,832 2.92 2.64 181 72,874 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

5.61 5.08 3.98 41.9 0.12 0.07 12.6 12.7 0.06 3.21 3.27 — 12,360 12,360 0.54 0.49 0.84 12,521 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

17.7 16.1 12.6 132 0.38 0.22 39.9 40.1 0.20 10.1 10.3 — 39,062 39,062 1.71 1.56 2.66 39,572 Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 15 / 53
Apartme 8.02 7.26 5.69 59.9 0.17 0.10 18.0 18.1 0.09 4.58 4.67 — 17,658 17,658 0.77 0.71 1.20 17,889 nts
High
Rise
Total 31.4 28.4 22.3 234 0.68 0.38 70.6 71.0 0.36 17.9 18.3 — 69,080 69,080 3.02 2.76 4.70 69,982 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

1.02 0.92 0.73 7.84 0.02 0.01 2.28 2.29 0.01 0.58 0.59 — 2,068 2,068 0.09 0.08 2.32 2,097 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

3.21 2.91 2.32 24.8 0.07 0.04 7.20 7.24 0.04 1.83 1.86 — 6,537 6,537 0.28 0.26 7.33 6,628 Apartme
nts
High
Rise

1.45 1.32 1.05 11.2 0.03 0.02 3.25 3.27 0.02 0.83 0.84 — 2,955 2,955 0.13 0.12 3.31 2,996 Total 5.69 5.15 4.10 43.8 0.12 0.07 12.7 12.8 0.06 3.23 3.30 — 11,560 11,560 0.50 0.46 13.0 11,722

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — 2,116 2,116 0.13 0.02 — 2,124
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — 4,712 4,712 0.29 0.04 — 4,730
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Apartme — — — — — — — — — — — — 2,853 2,853 0.18 0.02 — 2,864 nts
High
Rise
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 9,681 9,681 0.60 0.07 — 9,718 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — 2,116 2,116 0.13 0.02 — 2,124
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — 4,712 4,712 0.29 0.04 — 4,730
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — 2,853 2,853 0.18 0.02 — 2,864
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 9,681 9,681 0.60 0.07 — 9,718 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — 350 350 0.02 < 0.005 — 352
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — 780 780 0.05 0.01 — 783
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — 472 472 0.03 < 0.005 — 474
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 1,603 1,603 0.10 0.01 — 1,609

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 17 / 53
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
——————————————————
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
———————————— 30.7 30.7 < 0.005 < 0.005— 30.8
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
———————————— 3,095 3,095 0.19 0.02— 3,106
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
———————————— 1,352 1,352 0.08 0.01— 1,357
Total———————————— 4,477 4,477 0.28 0.03— 4,494
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
——————————————————
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
———————————— 15.0 15.0 < 0.005 < 0.005— 15.0
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
———————————— 3,061 3,061 0.19 0.02— 3,073
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
———————————— 1,331 1,331 0.08 0.01— 1,336
Total———————————— 4,407 4,407 0.27 0.03— 4,423
Annual——————————————————
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
———————————— 4.26 4.26 < 0.005 < 0.005— 4.28
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
———————————— 511 511 0.03 < 0.005— 513
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 18 / 53
Apartme — — — — — — — — — — — — 223 223 0.01 < 0.005 — 224 nts
High
Rise
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 738 738 0.05 0.01 — 740

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

0.13 0.06 1.11 0.47 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,410 1,410 0.12 < 0.005 — 1,414 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

0.41 0.20 3.47 1.48 0.02 0.28 — 0.28 0.28 — 0.28 — 4,405 4,405 0.39 0.01 — 4,418 Apartme
nts
High
Rise

0.18 0.09 1.50 0.64 0.01 0.12 — 0.12 0.12 — 0.12 — 1,901 1,901 0.17 < 0.005 — 1,906 Total 0.71 0.36 6.08 2.59 0.04 0.49 — 0.49 0.49 — 0.49 — 7,716 7,716 0.68 0.01 — 7,737 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

0.13 0.06 1.11 0.47 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,410 1,410 0.12 < 0.005 — 1,414 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

0.41 0.20 3.47 1.48 0.02 0.28 — 0.28 0.28 — 0.28 — 4,405 4,405 0.39 0.01 — 4,418 Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 19 / 53
Apartme 0.18 0.09 1.50 0.64 0.01 0.12 — 0.12 0.12 — 0.12 — 1,901 1,901 0.17 < 0.005 — 1,906 nts
High
Rise
Total 0.71 0.36 6.08 2.59 0.04 0.49 — 0.49 0.49 — 0.49 — 7,716 7,716 0.68 0.01 — 7,737 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

0.02 0.01 0.20 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 233 233 0.02 < 0.005 — 234 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

0.07 0.04 0.63 0.27 < 0.005 0.05 — 0.05 0.05 — 0.05 — 729 729 0.06 < 0.005 — 731 Apartme
nts
High
Rise

0.03 0.02 0.27 0.12 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 315 315 0.03 < 0.005 — 316 Total 0.13 0.06 1.11 0.47 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,277 1,277 0.11 < 0.005 — 1,281

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

0.12 0.06 1.02 0.44 0.01 0.08 — 0.08 0.08 — 0.08 — 1,299 1,299 0.11 < 0.005 — 1,303 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

0.37 0.19 3.20 1.36 0.02 0.26 — 0.26 0.26 — 0.26 — 4,066 4,066 0.36 0.01 — 4,077 Apartme
nts
High
Rise

0.16 0.08 1.38 0.59 0.01 0.11 — 0.11 0.11 — 0.11 — 1,753 1,753 0.16 < 0.005 — 1,758 Total 0.66 0.33 5.61 2.39 0.04 0.45 — 0.45 0.45 — 0.45 — 7,118 7,118 0.63 0.01 — 7,138 Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 20 / 53
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

0.12 0.06 1.02 0.44 0.01 0.08 — 0.08 0.08 — 0.08 — 1,299 1,299 0.11 < 0.005 — 1,303 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

0.37 0.19 3.20 1.36 0.02 0.26 — 0.26 0.26 — 0.26 — 4,066 4,066 0.36 0.01 — 4,077 Apartme
nts
High
Rise

0.16 0.08 1.38 0.59 0.01 0.11 — 0.11 0.11 — 0.11 — 1,753 1,753 0.16 < 0.005 — 1,758 Total 0.66 0.33 5.61 2.39 0.04 0.45 — 0.45 0.45 — 0.45 — 7,118 7,118 0.63 0.01 — 7,138 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise

0.02 0.01 0.19 0.08 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 215 215 0.02 < 0.005 — 216 Apartme
nts
Low Rise

0.07 0.03 0.58 0.25 < 0.005 0.05 — 0.05 0.05 — 0.05 — 673 673 0.06 < 0.005 — 675 Apartme
nts
High
Rise

0.03 0.01 0.25 0.11 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 290 290 0.03 < 0.005 — 291 Total 0.12 0.06 1.02 0.44 0.01 0.08 — 0.08 0.08 — 0.08 — 1,178 1,178 0.10 < 0.005 — 1,182

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
------------------- — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 21 / 53
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

38.2 38.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

3.06 3.06 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

9.22 8.73 0.95 101 < 0.005 0.05 — 0.05 0.04 — 0.04 — 269 269 0.01 < 0.005 — 270 Total 50.5 50.0 0.95 101 < 0.005 0.05 — 0.05 0.04 — 0.04 0.00 269 269 0.01 < 0.005 — 270 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

38.2 38.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

3.06 3.06 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total 41.3 41.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

6.98 6.98 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.56 0.56 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Landsca
Equipment

1.15 1.09 0.12 12.6 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 30.5 30.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30.6 Total 8.69 8.63 0.12 12.6 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 30.5 30.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30.6

4.3.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

38.2 38.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

2.45 2.45 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total 40.7 40.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

38.2 38.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

2.45 2.45 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total 40.7 40.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 23 / 53
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

6.98 6.98 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.45 0.45 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total 7.42 7.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 28.5 1,118 1,146 2.99 0.08 — 1,244 Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 60.6 882 943 6.27 0.15 — 1,146
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 38.4 965 1,004 4.00 0.10 — 1,134
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 127 2,965 3,092 13.3 0.33 — 3,523 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 24 / 53
Apartme — — — — — — — — — — — 28.5 1,118 1,146 2.99 0.08 — 1,244 nts
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 60.6 882 943 6.27 0.15 — 1,146
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 38.4 965 1,004 4.00 0.10 — 1,134
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 127 2,965 3,092 13.3 0.33 — 3,523 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 4.71 185 190 0.49 0.01 — 206
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 10.0 146 156 1.04 0.03 — 190
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.36 160 166 0.66 0.02 — 188
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 21.1 491 512 2.19 0.06 — 583

4.4.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 24.3 1,096 1,120 2.56 0.07 — 1,205 Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 51.8 836 888 5.36 0.13 — 1,062
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Apartme
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 32.8 936 969 3.42 0.09 — 1,080
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 109 2,869 2,978 11.3 0.29 — 3,347 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 24.3 1,096 1,120 2.56 0.07 — 1,205 Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 51.8 836 888 5.36 0.13 — 1,062
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 32.8 936 969 3.42 0.09 — 1,080
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 109 2,869 2,978 11.3 0.29 — 3,347 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 4.03 181 185 0.42 0.01 — 199
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 8.57 138 147 0.89 0.02 — 176
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 5.43 155 160 0.57 0.01 — 179
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 18.0 475 493 1.88 0.05 — 554

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 26 / 53
Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 158 0.00 158 15.8 0.00 — 552
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 336 0.00 336 33.6 0.00 — 1,175
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 213 0.00 213 21.3 0.00 — 744
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 158 0.00 158 15.8 0.00 — 552
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 336 0.00 336 33.6 0.00 — 1,175
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 213 0.00 213 21.3 0.00 — 744
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 26.1 0.00 26.1 2.61 0.00 — 91.4
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 55.6 0.00 55.6 5.56 0.00 — 195
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Apartme
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 35.2 0.00 35.2 3.52 0.00 — 123
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 117 0.00 117 11.7 0.00 — 409

4.5.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 158 0.00 158 15.8 0.00 — 552
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 336 0.00 336 33.6 0.00 — 1,175
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 213 0.00 213 21.3 0.00 — 744
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 158 0.00 158 15.8 0.00 — 552
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 336 0.00 336 33.6 0.00 — 1,175
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 213 0.00 213 21.3 0.00 — 744
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 28 / 53
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 707 0.00 707 70.6 0.00 — 2,472 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 26.1 0.00 26.1 2.61 0.00 — 91.4
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 55.6 0.00 55.6 5.56 0.00 — 195
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — 35.2 0.00 35.2 3.52 0.00 — 123
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 117 0.00 117 11.7 0.00 — 409

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.72 2.72
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 6.40 6.40
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.67 3.67
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.8 12.8
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Daily, — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Winter
(Max)
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.72 2.72
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 6.40 6.40
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.67 3.67
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.8 12.8
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.45 0.45
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.06 1.06
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.61 0.61
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.12 2.12

4.6.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Apartme———————————————— 2.72 2.72
nts
Mid Rise
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
———————————————— 6.40 6.40
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
———————————————— 3.67 3.67
Total———————————————— 12.8 12.8
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
——————————————————
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
———————————————— 2.72 2.72
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
———————————————— 6.40 6.40
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
———————————————— 3.67 3.67
Total———————————————— 12.8 12.8
Annual——————————————————
Apartme
nts
Mid Rise
———————————————— 0.45 0.45
Apartme
nts
Low Rise
———————————————— 1.06 1.06
Apartme
nts
High
Rise
———————————————— 0.61 0.61
Total———————————————— 2.12 2.12
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4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.7.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 32 / 53
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.8.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 33 / 53
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.9.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 34 / 53
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 35 / 53
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetati
on
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 37 / 53
Daily, — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Summer
(Max)
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
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Sequest — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
ered
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

5. Activity Data

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Year VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Year Apartments Mid
Rise
1,798 1,798 1,798 656,212 17,847 17,847 17,847 6,514,003 Apartments Low
Rise
5,682 5,682 5,682 2,073,864 56,402 56,402 56,402 20,586,589 Apartments High
Rise
2,569 2,569 2,569 937,517 25,497 25,497 25,497 9,306,433 Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 39 / 53

5.9.2. Mitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Year VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Year Apartments Mid
Rise
1,798 1,798 1,798 656,212 17,847 17,847 17,847 6,514,003 Apartments Low
Rise
5,682 5,682 5,682 2,073,864 56,402 56,402 56,402 20,586,589 Apartments High
Rise
2,569 2,569 2,569 937,517 25,497 25,497 25,497 9,306,433

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.1.1. Unmitigated
Hearth Type Unmitigated (number)
Apartments Mid Rise —
Wood Fireplaces 0
Gas Fireplaces 0
Propane Fireplaces 0
Electric Fireplaces 0
No Fireplaces 786
Conventional Wood Stoves 0
Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Pellet Wood Stoves 0
Apartments Low Rise —
Wood Fireplaces 0
Gas Fireplaces 0
Propane Fireplaces 0
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Electric Fireplaces0
No Fireplaces 513
Conventional Wood Stoves0
Catalytic Wood Stoves0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves0
Pellet Wood Stoves0
Apartments High Rise—
Wood Fireplaces0
Gas Fireplaces0
Propane Fireplaces0
Electric Fireplaces0
No Fireplaces 534
Conventional Wood Stoves0
Catalytic Wood Stoves0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves0
Pellet Wood Stoves0

5.10.1.2. Mitigated
Hearth Type Unmitigated (number)
Apartments Mid Rise—
Wood Fireplaces0
Gas Fireplaces0
Propane Fireplaces0
Electric Fireplaces0
No Fireplaces 786
Conventional Wood Stoves0
Catalytic Wood Stoves0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves0
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 41 / 53
Pellet Wood Stoves 0
Apartments Low Rise —
Wood Fireplaces 0
Gas Fireplaces 0
Propane Fireplaces 0
Electric Fireplaces 0
No Fireplaces 513
Conventional Wood Stoves 0
Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Pellet Wood Stoves 0
Apartments High Rise —
Wood Fireplaces 0
Gas Fireplaces 0
Propane Fireplaces 0
Electric Fireplaces 0
No Fireplaces 534
Conventional Wood Stoves 0
Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Pellet Wood Stoves 0

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings
Residential Interior Area Coated (sq
ft)
Residential Exterior Area Coated (sq
ft)
Non-Residential Interior Area Coated
(sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
3617419.5 1,205,807 0.00 0.00 —

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
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Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 250

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 250

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Apartments Mid Rise 1,451,670 532 0.0330 0.0040 4,398,310 Apartments Low Rise 3,232,943 532 0.0330 0.0040 13,745,684 Apartments High Rise 1,957,555 532 0.0330 0.0040 5,931,054

5.11.2. Mitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Apartments Mid Rise 10,261 532 0.0330 0.0040 4,053,836
Apartments Low Rise 2,100,267 532 0.0330 0.0040 12,686,158 Apartments High Rise 913,001 532 0.0330 0.0040 5,470,231

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated
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Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Apartments Mid Rise 14,860,157 125,422,998
Apartments Low Rise 31,634,123 73,472,641
Apartments High Rise 20,038,697 99,076,752

5.12.2. Mitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Apartments Mid Rise 12,695,032 125,422,998
Apartments Low Rise 27,025,031 73,472,641
Apartments High Rise 17,119,059 99,076,752

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Apartments Mid Rise 293 —
Apartments Low Rise 623 —
Apartments High Rise 395 —

5.13.2. Mitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Apartments Mid Rise 293 —
Apartments Low Rise 623 —
Apartments High Rise 395 —

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 44 / 53

5.14.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced Apartments Mid Rise Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
Apartments Mid Rise Household
refrigerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
Apartments Low Rise Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
Apartments Low Rise Household
refrigerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
Apartments High Rise Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
Apartments High Rise Household
refrigerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00

5.14.2. Mitigated
Land Use Type Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced Apartments Mid Rise Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
Apartments Mid Rise Household
refrigerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
Apartments Low Rise Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
Apartments Low Rise Household
refrigerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
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Apartments High Rise Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
Apartments High Rise Household
refrigerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated
Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor

5.15.2. Mitigated
Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number per Day Hours per Day Hours per Year Horsepower Load Factor

5.16.2. Process Boilers
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number Boiler Rating (MMBtu/hr) Daily Heat Input (MMBtu/day) Annual Heat Input (MMBtu/yr)

5.17. User Defined
Equipment Type Fuel Type

5.18. Vegetation
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5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

5.18.2.2. Mitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

6. Climate Risk Detailed Report
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Climate Hazard Result for Project Location Unit
Temperature and Extreme Heat 7.28 annual days of extreme heat Extreme Precipitation 3.65 annual days with precipitation above 20 mm Sea Level Rise — meters of inundation depth
Wildfire 4.74 annual hectares burned
Temperature and Extreme Heat data are for grid cell in which your project are located. The projection is based on the 98th historical percentile of daily maximum/minimum temperatures from observed historical data (32 climate model ensemble from Cal-Adapt, 2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.

Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 48 / 53
The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest ability to adapt.

6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat N/A N/A N/A N/A
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise N/A N/A N/A N/A
Wildfire N/A N/A N/A N/A
Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drought N/A N/A N/A N/A
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation N/A N/A N/A N/A
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure.

The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores include implementation of climate risk reduction measures.

6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures

7. Health and Equity Details

7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores
The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state.

Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Exposure Indicators —
AQ-Ozone 24.9
AQ-PM 60.5
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AQ-DPM 40.5
Drinking Water 9.13
Lead Risk Housing 59.7
Pesticides 36.1
Toxic Releases 95.0
Traffic 53.4
Effect Indicators —
CleanUp Sites 90.0
Groundwater 88.5
Haz Waste Facilities/Generators 89.8
Impaired Water Bodies 91.9
Solid Waste 67.5
Sensitive Population —
Asthma 8.70
Cardio-vascular 22.7
Low Birth Weights 7.95
Socioeconomic Factor Indicators —
Education 21.7
Housing 58.8
Linguistic 5.64
Poverty 0.83
Unemployment 32.3

Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Economic —
Above Poverty 97.84421917
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Employed 59.16848454
Median HI 93.10920056
Education —
Bachelor's or higher 89.32375209
High school enrollment 12.79353266
Preschool enrollment 95.7141024
Transportation —
Auto Access 93.63531374
Active commuting 53.95868087
Social —
2-parent households 51.8285641
Voting 90.4016425
Neighborhood —
Alcohol availability 51.59758758
Park access 81.35506224
Retail density 52.62414988
Supermarket access 74.83639163
Tree canopy 28.25612729
Housing —
Homeownership 99.76902348
Housing habitability 85.98742461
Low-inc homeowner severe housing cost burden 37.05889901 Low-inc renter severe housing cost burden 54.20248941
Uncrowded housing 83.16437829
Health Outcomes —
Insured adults 89.59322469
Arthritis 0.0
Asthma ER Admissions 89.7
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High Blood Pressure 0.0
Cancer (excluding skin) 0.0
Asthma 0.0
Coronary Heart Disease 0.0
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 0.0
Diagnosed Diabetes 0.0
Life Expectancy at Birth 87.6
Cognitively Disabled 60.3
Physically Disabled 86.7
Heart Attack ER Admissions 70.3
Mental Health Not Good 0.0
Chronic Kidney Disease 0.0
Obesity 0.0
Pedestrian Injuries 19.6
Physical Health Not Good 0.0
Stroke 0.0
Health Risk Behaviors —
Binge Drinking 0.0
Current Smoker 0.0
No Leisure Time for Physical Activity 0.0
Climate Change Exposures —
Wildfire Risk 0.0
SLR Inundation Area 19.2
Children 95.4
Elderly 10.4
English Speaking 98.1
Foreign-born 4.6
Outdoor Workers 93.2
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Climate Change Adaptive Capacity —
Impervious Surface Cover 30.4
Traffic Density 43.9
Traffic Access 23.0
Other Indices —
Hardship 11.8
Other Decision Support —
2016 Voting 93.7

7.4. Health & Equity Measures
No Health & Equity Measures selected.

7.5. Evaluation Scorecard
Health & Equity Evaluation Scorecard not completed.

7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures
No Health & Equity Custom Measures created.

8. User Changes to Default Data
Screen Justification
Seal Beach HE Update - Full Buildout Ops (Mitigated) v2 Detailed Report, 2/27/2025 53 / 53
Land Use Acreage adjusted to match the estimated developable acres of Site No. 5.

Construction: Trips and VMT Haul truck trips added into Demo and Site Prep phases to account for assumed material transport.

Operations: Vehicle Data Trip generation rates updated per project-specific TIA. Trip lengths kept as defaults.

Operations: Hearths No fireplaces or wood stoves.

AIR QUALITY, GREENHOUSE GAS, AND ENERGY IMPACT ASSESSMENT

APPENDIX B

ENERGY CALCULATIONS
IJ
Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Update Project—Energy Consumption Summary Date of Last Revision: October 22, 2024
Summary of Energy Use During Construction Annual Fuel Use Construction On-Road Vehicle Fuel (D) 9,224 gallons (diesel) Construction On-Road Vehicle Fuel (G) 69,952 gallons (gasoline) Construction On-Road Vehicle Fuel (E) 35,411 kWh
Construction Off-Road Equipment Fuel 46,170 gallons (diesel) Summary of Energy Use During Operations Annual Fuel Use Operational On-Road Vehicle Fuel (D) 133,422 gallons (diesel) Operational On-Road Vehicle Fuel (G) 1,137,357 gallons (gasoline) Operational On-Road Vehicle Fuel (E) 895,624 kWh
Building Electricity (unmitigated) 6,642,169 kWh
Building Natural Gas (unmitigated) 24,075,048 kBTU
Construction On-Road Vehicle Fuel Calculations
Housing Opportunity Site No. 4 of Seal Beach HE Update Project Construction Schedule
Construction Phase NameStart Date End Date Number of Days Demolition 1/1/2025 1/29/2025 20
Site Preparation 1/30/2025 2/13/2025 10
Grading 2/14/2025 3/28/2025 30
Building Construction 3/29/2025 5/23/2026 300
Paving 5/24/2026 6/21/2026 20
Architectural Coating 6/22/2026 7/20/2026 20
Construction Trips and VMT
Worker Trip
Number
Vendor Trip
Number
Onsite Truck
Trip Number
Hauling Trip
Number
Worker Trip
Length
Vendor Trip
Length
Onsite Truck
Trip Length
Hauling Trip
Length
Worker Trip
Number
Vendor Trip
Number
Onsite
Truck Trip
Number
Hauling Trip
Number Worker Trips
Vendor
Trips
Onsite
Truck Trips
Hauling
Trips
Demolition 15 0 0 10 18.5 10.2 0 20 20 300 0 0 200 5,550 0 0 4,000 Site Preparation 18 0 0 15 18.5 10.2 0 20 10 175 0 0 150 3,238 0 0 3,000 Grading 15 0 0 0 18.5 10.2 0 20 30 450 0 0 0 8,325 0 0 0 Building Construction 331 49 0 0 18.5 10.2 0 20 300 99,360 14,752 0 0 1,838,160 150,472 0 0 Paving 15 0 0 0 18.5 10.2 0 20 20 300 0 0 0 5,550 0 0 0 Architectural Coating 66 0 0 0 18.5 10.2 0 20 20 1,325 0 0 0 24,509 0 0 0 1,885,331 150,472 0 7,000 2,042,804
Trip Type VMT VMT Consumption VMT Consumption VMT Consumption Worker Trips 1,885,331 1,788,309 65,515 8,048 258 88,975 34,352 Vendor Trips 150,472 56,063 4,436 93,007 7,819 1,402 977 Hauling Trips 7,000 3 1 6,951 1,146 45 82
TOTALS 2,042,804 1,844,375 69,952 108,006 9,224 90,423 35,411 2,042,804 Statewide Consumption 13,629,998,406 3,067,876,790

0.0005% 0.0003%
Total Project Construction VMT (miles) 0.0015% 0.0009%
2,042,804
Gasoline Diesel Electric
VMT per Phase
Phase Name
Number of
Days per
Phase
Trips per Day Construction Trip Length in Miles Trips per Phase Source: EMFAC2021 (v1.0.2) Emissions Inventory VMT = Vehicle Miles Traveled Region Type: County FE = Fuel Economy
Region: Orange
Calendar Year: 2025
Season: Annual
Vehicle Classification: EMFAC2007 Categories
Units: miles/day for CVMT and EVMT, trips/day for Trips, kWh/day for Energy Consumption, tons/day for Emissions, 1000 gallons/day for Fuel Consumption Region Calendar Year Vehicle CategoModel Year Speed Fuel Population VMT (mi/day) % of Fleet Energy
Consumption
(kWh/day)
Fuel
Consumption
(1000
gallons/day)
FE
(mi/gallon)/(
mi/kWh) VMT*FE
Orange 2025 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 6.7222924 572.5132259 0.04% 0 0.132943836 4.3064293 2465.488 Orange 2025 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 11420.65 1281007.926 99.31% 0 211.237609 6.0642985 7768415 Orange 2025 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 83.088293 8366.060491 0.65% 15115.80723 0 0.5534644 4630.316 Orange 2025 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 1056312.5 41885606.83 91.86% 0 1364.761186 30.690796 1.29E+09 Orange 2025 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 3018.2865 89138.09087 0.20% 0 2.06406705 43.185657 3849487 Orange 2025 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 74944.83 3623884.151 7.95% 1399118.378 0 2.5901198 9386294 Orange 2025 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 96356.973 3443415.123 99.60% 0 134.366068 25.627118 88244807 Orange 2025 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 28.508221 428.3760164 0.01% 0 0.017924086 23.899462 10237.96 Orange 2025 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 292.06875 13382.73952 0.39% 5166.841994 0 2.5901198 34662.9 Orange 2025 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 529834.47 21568112.97 98.89% 0 860.9716631 25.050898 5.4E+08 Orange 2025 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 2111.5254 87946.98549 0.40% 0 2.68272495 32.782707 2883140 Orange 2025 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 4251.5063 154415.472 0.71% 59617.11678 0 2.5901198 399954.6 Orange 2025 LHDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 41223.987 1660486.368 62.85% 0 115.6151536 14.362186 23848214 Orange 2025 LHDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 22344.745 951494.9678 36.01% 0 45.63388289 20.850625 19839265 Orange 2025 LHDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 428.31076 30121.52667 1.14% 16925.44598 0 1.7796593 53606.05 Orange 2025 LHDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 6668.4375 250352.8675 37.61% 0 19.99612697 12.520068 3134435 Orange 2025 LHDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 9609.5748 407866.7845 61.28% 0 23.15667142 17.61336 7183904 Orange 2025 LHDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 110.61689 7389.195621 1.11% 4155.863955 0 1.7780167 13138.11 Orange 2025 MDV Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 325579.96 12660247.41 97.33% 0 622.3110176 20.343923 2.58E+08 Orange 2025 MDV Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 4600.6408 180507.4796 1.39% 0 7.379567219 24.460442 4415293 Orange 2025 MDV Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 4586.9893 166596.8195 1.28% 64320.12231 0 2.5901198 431505.7 Orange 2025 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 7268.4134 379776.8426 24.47% 0 73.08335708 5.1964887 1973506 Orange 2025 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 28028.877 1160618.703 74.79% 0 129.2771257 8.9777576 10419753 Orange 2025 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 222.61699 11431.93425 0.74% 11989.52129 0 0.9534938 10900.28 gas diesel elec
Sum of VMT*FE (Column BI) 2171607099 11158158 10252417.11 Total VMT 79557382.33 358020.932 3958279.182
Weighted Average Fuel Economy 27.29611049 31.16621686 2.590119756 Percentage 95% 0% 5%
Vendor (HHDT, LHDT1, LHDT2, MHDT)
Sum of VMT*FE (Column BI) 28958620.95 45211336.86 82274.76199 Total VMT 2291188.592 3800988.381 57308.71702
Weighted Average Fuel Economy 12.63912585 11.89462643 1.435641317 Percentage 37% 62% 1%
Sum of VMT*FE (Column BI) 284541747.5 31438461.75 498249.8807 Total VMT 14571086.64 1539869.232 204107.5418
Weighted Average Fuel Economy 19.52783306 20.41631919 2.441114504 Percentage 89% 9% 1%
Sum of VMT*FE (Column BI) 2465.487715 7768414.507 4630.316268 Total VMT 572.5132259 1281007.926 8366.060491
Weighted Average Fuel Economy 4.306429273 6.06429855 0.553464354 Percentage 0% 99% 1%
Given Calculations
2026
Haul (HHDT)
Worker (LDA, LDT1, LDT2, MDV)
Onsite Trucks (LHDT1, LHDT2, MDV)
Construction Off-Road Equipment Fuel Calculation
Housing Opportunity Site No. 4 of Seal Beach HE Update Project Construction Schedule
Construction Phase Name Start Date End Date Number of Days Demolition 1/1/2025 1/29/2025 20
Site Preparation 1/30/2025 2/13/2025 10
Grading 2/14/2025 3/28/2025 30
Building Construction 3/29/2025 5/23/2026 300
Paving 5/24/2026 6/21/2026 20
Architectural Coating 6/22/2026 7/20/2026 20
Construction Equipment
Phase Name Standardized Equipment Type HP Bin Equipment Type + HP Bin Amount Use Hours
per Day
Horse
Power
Load
Factor
Number of
Days HP Hours
Fuel (gallons/HPhour)Diesel Fuel
Usage
Demolition Rubber Tired Dozers 600 Rubber Tired Dozers 600 2 8 367 0.4 20 46,976.00 0.045360697 2130.864102 Demolition Excavators 50 Excavators 50 3 8 36 0.38 20 6,566.40 0.056097854 368.3609507 Demolition Concrete/Industrial Saws 50 Concrete/Industrial Saws 50 1 8 33 0.73 20 3,854.40 0.041778545 161.0312236 Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers 600 Rubber Tired Dozers 600 3 8 367 0.4 10 35,232.00 0.045360697 1598.148077 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 100 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 100 4 8 84 0.37 10 9,945.60 0.056488273 561.8097728 Grading Graders 175 Graders 175 1 8 148 0.41 30 14,563.20 0.053828804 783.9196317 Grading Excavators 50 Excavators 50 2 8 36 0.38 30 6,566.40 0.056097854 368.3609507 Grading Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 100 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 100 2 8 84 0.37 30 14,918.40 0.056488273 842.7146592 Grading Rubber Tired Dozers 600 Rubber Tired Dozers 600 1 8 367 0.4 30 35,232.00 0.045360697 1598.148077 Grading Scrapers 600 Scrapers 600 2 8 423 0.48 30 97,459.20 0.047681676 4647.017963 Building Construction Rough Terrain Forklifts 75 Rough Terrain Forklifts 75 3 8 82 0.2 300 118,080.00 0.056397679 6659.43796 Building Construction Generator Sets 15 Generator Sets 15 1 8 14 0.74 300 24,864.00 0.042313653 1052.086662 Building Construction Cranes 600 Cranes 600 1 7 367 0.29 300 223,503.00 0.051529327 11516.95926 Building Construction Welders 50 Welders 50 1 8 46 0.45 300 49,680.00 0.025812315 1282.355817 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 100 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 100 3 7 84 0.37 300 195,804.00 0.056488273 11060.6299 Paving Pavers 100 Pavers 100 2 8 81 0.42 20 10,886.40 0.056536354 615.4773657 Paving Paving Equipment 100 Paving Equipment 100 2 8 89 0.36 20 10,252.80 0.059586515 610.9286182 Paving Rollers 50 Rollers 50 2 8 36 0.38 20 4,377.60 0.057851044 253.2487304 Architectural Coating Air Compressors 50 Air Compressors 50 1 6 37 0.48 20 2,131.20 0.027574332 58.76641691 46,170.27
Notes:

Source of usage estimates: California Air Resource Board (CARB). 2024. OFFROAD2021 (v1.0.5) Emissions Inventory 0.0015% 0.004% Website: https://arb.ca.gov/emfac/offroad/emissions-inventory/21d33152fb51a3d56eeba52cc9a2a7b426d5034f. Accessed January 31, 2024.

Operational Fuel Calculation—Project-Generated Operational Trips Total Operational VMT
Seal Beach HE Update Project
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Year VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Year Apartments Mid Rise 1,798 1,798 1,798 656,212 17,847 17,847 17,847 6,514,003 Apartments Low Rise 5,682 5,682 5,682 2,073,864 256,402 56,402 56,402 20,586,589 Apartments High Rise 2,569 2,569 2,569 937,517 25,497 25,497 25,497 9,306,433 Total Annual VMT 36,407,025
VMT Consumption VMT Consumption VMT Consumption
Passenger Cars (LDA, LDT1, LDT2, MDV) 0.9236 33,625,528 31,463,781 1,069,206 124,755 3,881 2,036,992 786,447 Trucks (HHDT, MHDT, LHDT1, LHDT2) 0.0701 2,552,132 848,520 61,979 1,551,371 125,861 152,241 106,883 Motor Homes and Buses (MCY, MH, OBUS, SBUS, UB 0.0063 229,364 196,061 6,171 31,265 3,679 2,038 2,294 Total 1.0000 36,407,025 32,508,363 1,137,357 1,707,391 133,422 2,191,271 895,624 36,407,025 *Note: Fleet mix pulled from CalEEMod defaults 13,629,998,406 3,067,876,790 Gasoline Diesel Electric
Vehicle Type Fraction of 1 Annual VMT
Model Output: OFFROAD2021 (v1.0.5) Emissions Inventory
Region Type: County
Region: Orange
Calendar Year: 2025
Scenario: All Adopted Rules - Exhaust
Vehicle Classification: OFFROAD2021 Equipment Types
Units: tons/day for Emissions, gallons/year for Fuel, hours/year for Activity, Horsepower-hours/year for Horsepower-hours Region CalYr Vehicle Class + HP Bin Model Year Fuel
Fuel Consumption
(gallons/year)
Horsepower
Hours (HPhours/year)Fuel Efficiency
(gallons/HP-hour)
Orange 2025 Bore/Drill Rigs 100 Aggregate Diesel 8047.956398 143130.4005 0.056228141 Orange 2025 Bore/Drill Rigs 175 Aggregate Diesel 57784.34477 1149682.507 0.050261132 Orange 2025 Bore/Drill Rigs 300 Aggregate Diesel 68721.21865 1368634.032 0.050211537 Orange 2025 Bore/Drill Rigs 50 Aggregate Diesel 2727.061314 48627.6513 0.056080465 Orange 2025 Bore/Drill Rigs 600 Aggregate Diesel 98845.90753 1984167.838 0.049817312 Orange 2025 Bore/Drill Rigs 75 Aggregate Diesel 10526.74281 186862.1108 0.056334282 Orange 2025 Cranes 100 Aggregate Diesel 3730.920371 45691.9119 0.081653847 Orange 2025 Cranes 175 Aggregate Diesel 27948.95982 473921.8272 0.058973776 Orange 2025 Cranes 25 Aggregate Diesel 7.504915654 133.8240616 0.056080465 Orange 2025 Cranes 300 Aggregate Diesel 90421.6181 1699779.135 0.053196098 Orange 2025 Cranes 50 Aggregate Diesel 317.4093014 3720.171057 0.085321158 Orange 2025 Cranes 600 Aggregate Diesel 126004.2459 2445291.882 0.051529327 Orange 2025 Cranes 75 Aggregate Diesel 1233.65802 15719.7116 0.078478413 Orange 2025 Crawler Tractors 100 Aggregate Diesel 41846.36245 718287.4958 0.058258514 Orange 2025 Crawler Tractors 175 Aggregate Diesel 151203.9201 2978733.396 0.050761146 Orange 2025 Crawler Tractors 300 Aggregate Diesel 187184.9854 3693148.302 0.050684394 Orange 2025 Crawler Tractors 50 Aggregate Diesel 1593.150587 24985.74282 0.063762386 Orange 2025 Crawler Tractors 600 Aggregate Diesel 328163.2929 6614937.188 0.049609434 Orange 2025 Crawler Tractors 75 Aggregate Diesel 10863.53913 181145.8738 0.05997122 Orange 2025 Excavators 100 Aggregate Diesel 104118.9426 1848175.565 0.056336067 Orange 2025 Excavators 175 Aggregate Diesel 587497.315 11642564.64 0.05046116 Orange 2025 Excavators 25 Aggregate Diesel 4.492051707 80.10011468 0.056080465 Orange 2025 Excavators 300 Aggregate Diesel 628568.0585 12464545.5 0.050428478 Orange 2025 Excavators 50 Aggregate Diesel 168671.7025 3006740.712 0.056097854 Orange 2025 Excavators 600 Aggregate Diesel 725662.1502 14423719.46 0.050310334 Orange 2025 Excavators 75 Aggregate Diesel 133908.8034 2382098.988 0.056214626 Orange 2025 Graders 100 Aggregate Diesel 4309.538077 71459.00663 0.060307836 Orange 2025 Graders 175 Aggregate Diesel 68870.6614 1279438.83 0.053828804 Orange 2025 Graders 300 Aggregate Diesel 227458.8536 4470068.303 0.050884872 Orange 2025 Graders 50 Aggregate Diesel 528.6503952 8762.07119 0.060333953 Orange 2025 Graders 600 Aggregate Diesel 54993.71001 1090934.916 0.050409707 Orange 2025 Graders 75 Aggregate Diesel 2023.520067 27565.68917 0.0734072 Orange 2025 Bore/Drill Rigs 15 Aggregate Diesel 14.84514218 0 0 Orange 2025 Bore/Drill Rigs 25 Aggregate Diesel 68.74970391 0 0 Orange 2025 Cement And Mortar Mixers 15 Aggregate Diesel 102.4155322 0 0 Orange 2025 Cement And Mortar Mixers 25 Aggregate Diesel 19.9940538 0 0 Orange 2025 Concrete/Industrial Saws 25 Aggregate Diesel 13.71482815 0 0 Orange 2025 Concrete/Industrial Saws 50 Aggregate Diesel 4770.55 114186.6 0.041778545 Orange 2025 Dumpers/Tenders 25 Aggregate Diesel 9.869450947 0 0 Orange 2025 Excavators 25 Aggregate Diesel 70.49524482 0 0 Orange 2025 Other 15 Aggregate Diesel 225.6256843 0 0
Orange 2025 Other 25 Aggregate Diesel 36.87567026 0 0
Orange 2025 Pavers 25 Aggregate Diesel 18.52927664 0 0
Orange 2025 Paving Equipment 25 Aggregate Diesel 31.49191056 0 0 Orange 2025 Plate Compactors 15 Aggregate Diesel 88.09380801 0 0 Orange 2025 Rollers 15 Aggregate Diesel 319.481019 0 0
Orange 2025 Rollers 25 Aggregate Diesel 221.0333329 0 0 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Loaders 25 Aggregate Diesel 12.82136126 0 0 Orange 2025 Signal Boards 15 Aggregate Diesel 1377.029059 0 0 Orange 2025 Signal Boards 50 Aggregate Diesel 2102.4 47267.5 0.044478764 Orange 2025 Skid Steer Loaders 25 Aggregate Diesel 3632.492465 0 0 Orange 2025 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 25 Aggregate Diesel 337.3350078 0 0 Orange 2025 Trenchers 15 Aggregate Diesel 126.503726 0 0 Orange 2025 Trenchers 25 Aggregate Diesel 327.6747419
00 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Tractors 100 Aggregate Diesel 23758.49872 422684.1397 0.056208635 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Tractors 175 Aggregate Diesel 129148.7508 2564191.879 0.050366258 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Tractors 300 Aggregate Diesel 57920.67328 1155692.929 0.050117702 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Tractors 50 Aggregate Diesel 28406.58821 494337.0239 0.057464011 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Tractors 600 Aggregate Diesel 152814.986 3092350.713 0.049417094 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Tractors 75 Aggregate Diesel 24896.68206 428381.5809 0.058118003 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Trucks 100 Aggregate Diesel 645.2765976 11506.26325 0.056080465 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Trucks 175 Aggregate Diesel 33274.11327 660043.1152 0.05041203 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Trucks 300 Aggregate Diesel 77912.23009 1550989.375 0.05023389 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Trucks 50 Aggregate Diesel 1215.570396 21675.46913 0.056080465 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Trucks 600 Aggregate Diesel 573074.9857 11427939.27 0.050146835 Orange 2025 Off-Highway Trucks 75 Aggregate Diesel 1359.024354 22603.7471 0.060123852 Orange 2025 Pavers 100 Aggregate Diesel 14480.20603 256122.0342 0.056536354 Orange 2025 Pavers 175 Aggregate Diesel 48715.56932 965140.7252 0.050475095 Orange 2025 Pavers 300 Aggregate Diesel 59154.13573 1172535.869 0.050449745 Orange 2025 Pavers 50 Aggregate Diesel 2630.939589 46229.38633 0.056910545 Orange 2025 Pavers 600 Aggregate Diesel 10476.3768 209394.1281 0.050031856 Orange 2025 Pavers 75 Aggregate Diesel 13394.8975 235734.0187 0.056822081 Orange 2025 Paving Equipment 100 Aggregate Diesel 8237.251878 138240.2028 0.059586515 Orange 2025 Paving Equipment 175 Aggregate Diesel 54084.53736 1068816.847 0.05060225 Orange 2025 Paving Equipment 300 Aggregate Diesel 24361.59164 481587.9282 0.050585968 Orange 2025 Paving Equipment 50 Aggregate Diesel 6793.258491 119265.0548 0.056959337 Orange 2025 Paving Equipment 600 Aggregate Diesel 57739.53475 1150296.137 0.050195365 Orange 2025 Paving Equipment 75 Aggregate Diesel 4935.770453 88012.29484 0.056080465 Orange 2025 Rollers 100 Aggregate Diesel 40676.60129 700979.0809 0.058028267 Orange 2025 Rollers 175 Aggregate Diesel 233843.3844 4622563.726 0.050587379 Orange 2025 Rollers 300 Aggregate Diesel 20126.07946 390708.7805 0.051511715 Orange 2025 Rollers 50 Aggregate Diesel 65650.46014 1134818.934 0.057851044 Orange 2025 Rollers 600 Aggregate Diesel 16280.52885 330715.3023 0.04922823 Orange 2025 Rollers 75 Aggregate Diesel 26095.92961 462173.0614 0.056463545 Orange 2025 Rough Terrain Forklifts 100 Aggregate Diesel 58194.07133 1005509.271 0.057875221 Orange 2025 Rough Terrain Forklifts 175 Aggregate Diesel 374083.8757 7410863.024 0.050477775 Orange 2025 Rough Terrain Forklifts 300 Aggregate Diesel 3193.989513 62262.30311 0.05129893 Orange 2025 Rough Terrain Forklifts 50 Aggregate Diesel 2092.573628 37313.77075 0.056080465 Orange 2025 Rough Terrain Forklifts 600 Aggregate Diesel 910.1322636 18007.09776 0.050542973 Orange 2025 Rough Terrain Forklifts 75 Aggregate Diesel 83132.66172 1474044.019 0.056397679 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Dozers 100 Aggregate Diesel 2840.834499 48071.95498 0.059095464 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Dozers 175 Aggregate Diesel 8841.300714 174865.2787 0.050560642 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Dozers 300 Aggregate Diesel 11067.85188 219207.8885 0.050490208 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Dozers 50 Aggregate Diesel 617.8911745 6702.315588 0.092190701 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Dozers 600 Aggregate Diesel 58584.64601 1291528.788 0.045360697 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Dozers 75 Aggregate Diesel 1358.718182 21607.24532 0.062882527 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Loaders 100 Aggregate Diesel 50440.1934 879117.7682 0.057375923 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Loaders 175 Aggregate Diesel 382550.4847 7569437.293 0.050538827 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Loaders 300 Aggregate Diesel 719017.2735 14266532.67 0.05039888 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Loaders 50 Aggregate Diesel 3992.679395 67437.96245 0.05920522 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Loaders 600 Aggregate Diesel 554582.3176 11083273.54 0.050037772 Orange 2025 Rubber Tired Loaders 75 Aggregate Diesel 30894.19523 535259.5018 0.057718163 Orange 2025 Scrapers 100 Aggregate Diesel 1521.020472 24043.73784 0.063260566 Orange 2025 Scrapers 175 Aggregate Diesel 12301.15724 238516.1225 0.051573693 Orange 2025 Scrapers 300 Aggregate Diesel 179872.0337 3432258.382 0.052406321 Orange 2025 Scrapers 50 Aggregate Diesel 175.5888662 1500.983487 0.116982544 Orange 2025 Scrapers 600 Aggregate Diesel 633526.4096 13286580.24 0.047681676 Orange 2025 Scrapers 75 Aggregate Diesel 1252.787239 20099.42569 0.062329504 Orange 2025 Skid Steer Loaders 100 Aggregate Diesel 230761.6787 4109400.757 0.056154581 Orange 2025 Skid Steer Loaders 175 Aggregate Diesel 67798.38672 1342350.673 0.05050721 Orange 2025 Skid Steer Loaders 300 Aggregate Diesel 5546.090085 109943.4623 0.050444928 Orange 2025 Skid Steer Loaders 50 Aggregate Diesel 63936.44225 1115784.766 0.05730177 Orange 2025 Skid Steer Loaders 600 Aggregate Diesel 3852.461967 76369.65873 0.050444928 Orange 2025 Skid Steer Loaders 75 Aggregate Diesel 454481.9497 8083366.967 0.056224337 Orange 2025 Surfacing Equipment 100 Aggregate Diesel 1667.41534 24301.16706 0.06861462 Orange 2025 Surfacing Equipment 175 Aggregate Diesel 6163.578159 121520.0276 0.050720678 Orange 2025 Surfacing Equipment 300 Aggregate Diesel 7215.037953 141039.1791 0.051156267 Orange 2025 Surfacing Equipment 50 Aggregate Diesel 732.5983429 11199.20912 0.065415186 Orange 2025 Surfacing Equipment 600 Aggregate Diesel 41383.53328 822464.2522 0.050316513 Orange 2025 Surfacing Equipment 75 Aggregate Diesel 1250.68493 19736.1493 0.063370261 Orange 2025 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 100 Aggregate Diesel 700686.4623 12404104.76 0.056488273 Orange 2025 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 175 Aggregate Diesel 742452.0073 14668171.59 0.050616534 Orange 2025 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 25 Aggregate Diesel 15.15233424 270.1891674 0.056080465 Orange 2025 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 300 Aggregate Diesel 314515.8355 6228391.036 0.050497124 Orange 2025 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 50 Aggregate Diesel 65944.63594 1115802.968 0.05910061 Orange 2025 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 600 Aggregate Diesel 239665.0947 4769953.061 0.050244749 Orange 2025 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 75 Aggregate Diesel 299556.8192 5234721.391 0.057224979 Orange 2025 Trenchers 100 Aggregate Diesel 7842.968073 137395.109 0.057083313 Orange 2025 Trenchers 175 Aggregate Diesel 12803.38088 251592.4386 0.050889371 Orange 2025 Trenchers 300 Aggregate Diesel 7693.547354 151975.9281 0.05062346 Orange 2025 Trenchers 50 Aggregate Diesel 20237.57453 354993.7389 0.057008258 Orange 2025 Trenchers 600 Aggregate Diesel 12489.37165 252381.5336 0.049486076 Orange 2025 Trenchers 75 Aggregate Diesel 6504.12176 110639.6964 0.058786511 Orange 2025 Air Compressors 50 Aggregate Diesel 91947.15 3334519.55 0.027574332 Orange 2025 Generator Sets 15 Aggregate Diesel 253335.55 5987087.7 0.042313653 Orange 2025 Welders 50 Aggregate Diesel 422016.65 16349430.4 0.025812315 Source: EMFAC2021 (v1.0.2) Emissions Inventory VMT = Vehicle Miles Traveled Region Type: County FE = Fuel Economy
Region: Orange
Calendar Year: 2029
Season: Annual
Vehicle Classification: EMFAC2007 Categories
Units: miles/day for CVMT and EVMT, trips/day for Trips, kWh/day for Energy Consumption, tons/day for Emissions, 1000 gallons/day for Fuel Consumption Calculations
Region Calendar Year Vehicle Class Model Year Speed Fuel Population VMT Energy
Consumptio
n
Fuel
Consumptio
n
FE
(mi/gallon)/(mi/
kWh) VMT*FE
Orange 2029 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 12191.4017 1327935.748 0 207.4294256 6.40186774 8501269.027 Orange 2029 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1925.877657 58348.44754 0 1.287785666 45.30912952 2643717.367 Orange 2029 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 2.902217211 55.85633946 0 0.002102861 26.56206625 1483.659789 Orange 2029 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 2216.820715 89349.39377 0 2.549871681 35.04074124 3130868.987 Orange 2029 LHDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 24434.47216 1013330.39 0 47.8258656 21.18791531 21470358.48 Orange 2029 LHDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 10948.49634 447485.6852 0 24.82858777 18.02300193 8065035.366 Orange 2029 MDV Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 4422.111559 168242.7577 0 6.460445706 26.04197377 4381373.483 Orange 2029 MH Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 3027.333223 29055.74108 0 2.863629808 10.14647249 294813.2775 Orange 2029 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 29061.59525 1142312.203 0 125.2548755 9.119902108 10417775.47 Orange 2029 OBUS Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 526.8225109 37172.07412 0 4.920352281 7.554758684 280826.0498 Orange 2029 SBUS Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 651.9418709 13265.18631 0 1.761992045 7.528516574 99867.17503 Orange 2029 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 522.0698146 52092.53799 94345.67217 0 0.552145496 28762.66024 Orange 2029 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 98016.32358 4514188.416 1742849.305 0 2.590119756 11692288.6 Orange 2029 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 662.9227227 32054.50283 12375.6837 0 2.590119756 83025.00105 Orange 2029 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 8828.976102 304521.1035 117570.2794 0 2.590119756 788746.1262 Orange 2029 LHDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 3159.739873 197245.2106 111020.6576 0 1.776653236 350436.3417 Orange 2029 LHDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 825.914217 49071.70376 27641.13103 0 1.77531461 87117.71263 Orange 2029 MDV Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 8994.905126 308794.0816 119220.0016 0 2.590119756 799813.6512 Orange 2029 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 1742.62018 87359.31243 91767.73915 0 0.95196104 83162.66194 Orange 2029 OBUS Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 36.31806959 2640.030273 2751.818001 0 0.959376773 2532.783724 Orange 2029 SBUS Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 71.74051726 2213.73253 2559.741896 0 0.864826463 1914.494474 Orange 2029 UBUS Aggregate Aggregate Electricity 5.944034594 327.053411 695.8022999 0 0.470037841 153.7274793 Orange 2029 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 4.943091464 533.4895587 0 0.114806492 4.646858793 2479.050647 Orange 2029 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 1034856.174 41149375.45 0 1241.885608 33.13459404 1363467851 Orange 2029 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 91581.52842 3277866.345 0 119.5500421 27.41836211 89873726.39 Orange 2029 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 555722.2366 22415240.23 0 825.9977049 27.13717011 608286187.2 Orange 2029 LHDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 40268.54793 1609503.505 0 104.948662 15.33610314 24683511.75 Orange 2029 LHDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 6367.767391 235311.5961 0 17.70025781 13.29424682 3128290.439 Orange 2029 MCY Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 53993.0701 341399.2508 0 7.997771221 42.68679878 14573241.12 Orange 2029 MDV Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 331005.2666 12853071.73 0 582.5334921 22.06409057 283591338.7 Orange 2029 MH Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 5192.597132 52456.55971 0 10.74280936 4.882946161 256142.5569 Orange 2029 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 6434.040691 304742.1499 0 57.27871773 5.320338198 1621331.3 Orange 2029 OBUS Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 761.1596295 30255.30829 0 5.525730761 5.475349704 165658.3933 Orange 2029 SBUS Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 702.653337 31753.64333 0 3.510382783 9.04563556 287231.8853 Orange 2029 UBUS Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 258.4023617 42628.96157 0 3.268690854 13.0416009 555949.9035 Passenger Cars (LDA, LDT1, LDT2, MDV) gas diesel elec
Sum of VMT*FE (Column BI) 2345219103 10157443.5 13363873.4 Total VMT 79695553.8 315996.4553 5159558.1
Weighted Average Fuel Economy 29.4272264 32.14416911 2.59011976 Percentage 94% 0% 6%
Trucks (HHDT, MHDT, LHDT1, LHDT2)
Sum of VMT*FE (Column BI) 29435612.5 48454438.34 549479.376 Total VMT 2150090.74 3931064.026 385768.765
Weighted Average Fuel Economy 13.6904048 12.32603642 1.42437498 Percentage 33% 61% 6%
Motor Homes and Buses (MCY, MH, OBUS, SBUS, UBUS)
Sum of VMT*FE (Column BI) 15838223.9 675506.5023 4601.00568 Total VMT 498493.724 79493.00151 5180.81621
Weighted Average Fuel Economy 31.772163 8.497685198 0.8880851 Percentage 85% 14% 1%
Given
Building Energy
From CalEEMod Results Tab 5.11.1
Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr)
Natural Gas
(kBTU/yr)
Apartments Mid Rise 1,451,670.30 4,398,309.79
Apartments Low Rise 3,232,943.00 13,745,684.00
Apartments High Rise 1,957,555.41 5,931,054.11
Totals* 6,642,169 24,075,048
*does not account for implementation of any mitigation
Appendix C
Biological Resources
Technical Report

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING

ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES
Biological Resources Technical Report
October 25, 2024
Prepared for:

City of Seal Beach
Community Development Department
211 Eighth Street
Seal Beach, CA 90740
Prepared by:

Stantec Consulting Services Inc.

Project Number:
2042665000
() Stantec

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES IJ Project Number: 2042665000

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES Project Number: 2042665000
The conclusions in the Report titled City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project Biological Resources Technical Report are Stantec’s professional opinion, as of the time of the Report, and concerning the scope described in the Report. The opinions in the document are based on conditions and information existing at the time the scope of work was conducted and do not take into account any subsequent changes. The Report relates solely to the specific project for which Stantec was retained and the stated purpose for which the Report was prepared. The Report is not to be used or relied on for any variation or extension of the project, or for any other project or purpose, and any unauthorized use or reliance is at the recipient’s own risk.

Stantec has assumed all information received from City of Seal Beach (the “Client”) and third parties in the preparation of the Report to be correct. While Stantec has exercised a customary level of judgment or due diligence in the use of such information, Stantec assumes no responsibility for the consequences of any error or omission contained therein.

This Report is intended solely for use by the Client in accordance with Stantec’s contract with the Client.

While the Report may be provided by the Client to applicable authorities having jurisdiction and to other third parties in connection with the project, Stantec disclaims any legal duty based upon warranty, reliance or any other theory to any third party, and will not be liable to such third party for any damages or losses of any kind that may result.

Prepared by: Hannah Hart, Project Biologist
Printed Name Signature
Allison Loveless, Associate Biologist
Printed Name Signature
Reviewed by: Logan Elms, Senior Biologist
Printed Name Signature
Approved by:

Jared Varonin, Senior Principal
Biologist/Business Center Practice Leader
B
~r f 7'~
:f>

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES Project Number: 2042665000 i
Table of Contents
ACRONYMS / ABBREVIATIONS..............................................................................................III 1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Project Background and Purpose.................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Project Description ........................................................................................................................ 1

1.3 Project Location............................................................................................................................. 2 2 METHODS.................................................................................................................... 5

2.1 Literature Review........................................................................................................................... 5

2.2 Biological Habitat Assessment ...................................................................................................... 5 3 REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT.................................................................................. 7

3.1 Federal Regulations ...................................................................................................................... 7

3.1.1 National Environmental Policy Act ................................................................................................ 7

3.1.2 Federal Endangered Species Act.................................................................................................. 7

3.1.3 Migratory Bird Treaty Act............................................................................................................... 8

3.1.4 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940 (16 USC 668)...................................................... 8

3.1.5 Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act ................................................................................................ 8

3.1.6 Coastal Zone Management Act..................................................................................................... 9

3.1.7 Clean Water Act Section 404 and Federal Jurisdictional Waters ................................................. 9

3.2 State Regulations ........................................................................................................................ 14

3.2.1 California Environmental Quality Act........................................................................................... 14

3.2.2 California Endangered Species Act............................................................................................. 14

3.2.3 Section 1602 of the California Fish and Game Code.................................................................. 15

3.2.4 Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act .................................................................................. 15

3.2.5 State-Regulated Habitats ............................................................................................................ 16

3.2.6 Native Plant Protection Act.......................................................................................................... 16

3.2.7 California Native Plant Society Rare Plant program ................................................................... 16

3.2.8 California Coastal Commission and Coastal Act of 1976............................................................ 17

3.3 Local Regulations ........................................................................................................................ 18

3.3.1 Orange County General Plan – Chapter VI. Resource Element................................................. 18

3.3.2 City of Seal Beach General Plan – Open Space / Recreation / Conservation Element ............. 20

3.3.3 Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge........................................................................................... 20

3.3.4 Orange County Transportation Authority Natural Community Conservation Plan/Habitat Conservation Plan ....................................................................................................................... 21 4 EXISTING CONDITIONS............................................................................................22

4.1 Setting.......................................................................................................................................... 22

4.2 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types........................................................................ 22

4.2.1 Land Cover Types ....................................................................................................................... 23

4.3 Topography and Hydrology ......................................................................................................... 23

4.4 Soils ............................................................................................................................................. 24

4.5 Aquatic Resources ...................................................................................................................... 26

4.5.1 Coastal Zone ............................................................................................................................... 26

4.5.2 National Wetlands Inventory ....................................................................................................... 26

4.6 Common Wildlife ......................................................................................................................... 26

4.6.1 Terrestrial Invertebrates .............................................................................................................. 26

4.6.2 Fish.............................................................................................................................................. 27

4.6.3 Amphibians.................................................................................................................................. 27 IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES Project Number: 2042665000 ii

4.6.4 Reptiles........................................................................................................................................ 27

4.6.5 Birds............................................................................................................................................. 28

4.6.6 Mammals ..................................................................................................................................... 28 5 SPECIAL-STATUS BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES.......................................................29

5.1 Special-Status Natural Communities........................................................................................... 29

5.2 Designated Critical Habitat.......................................................................................................... 29

5.3 Special-Status Plants .................................................................................................................. 30

5.4 Special-Status Wildlife................................................................................................................. 38

5.5 Wildlife Corridors and Special Linkages...................................................................................... 50

5.5.1 Wildlife movement in the Project Area ........................................................................................ 51 6 CONCLUSIONS..........................................................................................................52

6.1 Potential Onsite Impacts.............................................................................................................. 52

6.2 Potential Impacts to Adjacent Areas ........................................................................................... 53 7 REFERENCES ...........................................................................................................54

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program..................................................................... 2 Table 2. Hydrologic Units Above the Coyote Creek – San Gabriel River Subwatershed...........................23 Table 3. Hydrologic Units Above the Huntington Beach - Pacific Ocean and Anaheim Bay Subwatersheds ....................................................................................................................................................................24 Table 4. Historic Soil Units Occurring within the Project area ....................................................................24 Table 5. Special-Status Plant Species and Their Habitat Evaluated for Potential Occurrence..................31 Table 6. Special-Status Plant Species and Potential for Occurrence on Each Housing Opportunity Site and Main Street Program............................................................................................................................36 Table 7. Special-Status Animal Species and Their Habitat Evaluated for Potential Occurrence...............39 Table 8. Special-Status Animal Species and Potential for Occurrence on Each Housing Opportunity Site and Main Street Program............................................................................................................................46

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX A FIGURES

APPENDIX B USFWS IPAC SPECIES LIST
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES Project Number: 2042665000 iii
Acronyms / Abbreviations
BGEPA
BRTR
CCC
CCMP
CCR
CDFG
CDFW
CEQA
CESA
City
County
CNDDB
CNPS
CRPR
CWA
CZMA
DCH
ºF
FESA
FGC
FR
GIS
HCP
IPaC
LCP
LSAA
MBTA
NCCP
NEPA
NMFS
NOAA
NPPA
NRCS
NWI
NWPR
NWR
Project
OCTA
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
Biological Resources Technical Report
California Coastal Commission
California Coastal Management Program
California Code of Regulations
California Department of Fish and Game
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Environmental Quality Act
California Endangered Species Act
City of Seal Beach
Orange County
California Natural Diversity Database
California Native Plant Society
California Rare Plant Rank
Clean Water Act
Coastal Zone Management Area
Designated Critical Habitat
Fahrenheit
Federal Endangered Species Act
Fish and Game Code
Federal Register
Geographic Information Systems
Habitat Conservation Plan
Information for Planning and Consulting
Local Coastal Program
Lake or Streambed Alteration Agreement
Migratory Bird Treaty Act
Natural Community Conservation Plan
National Environmental Policy Act
National Marine Fisheries Service
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Native Plant Protection Act
Natural Resources Conservation Service
National Wetlands Inventory
Navigable Waters Protection Rule
National Wildlife Refuge
City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Orange County Transportation Authority
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES Project Number: 2042665000 iv
RWQCB
SSC
Stantec
TNW
USC
USACE
USEPA
USFWS
USGS
WOTUS
Regional Water Quality Control Board
Species of Special Concern
Stantec Consulting Services Inc.

Traditional navigable waters
United States Code
United States Army Corps of Engineers
United States Environmental Protection Agency
United States Fish & Wildlife Service
United States Geological Survey
Waters of the United States
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 1 Introduction
Project Number: 2042665000 1
1 Introduction
This Biological Resources Technical Report (BRTR) is intended to document the biological resources that are associated with the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project (Project) located in the City of Seal Beach (City), California (refer to Appendix A, Figure 1). The analyses presented within this BRTR are intended to support planning and regulatory agency permitting and associated documentation.

There were no site visits/surveys conducted for this BRTR. All information was gathered via desktop review of the eight Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program (Project area).

1.1 Project Background and Purpose
According to the City of Seal Beach’s General Plan and zoning designations, there is currently a need for additional housing to comply with the Regional Housing Needs Assessment. The Housing Element Update identifies housing conditions and needs within the City of Seal Beach and establishes policies and programs that comprise the City’s strategy to accommodate project housing needs, including needs of lower-income housing and special-needs populations. State law requires that where the number of sites do not meet the City’s assigned housing need, the Housing Element must identify actions to accommodate this need. Therefore, the City of Seal Beach is proposing to redevelop/convert underutilized residentially zoned sites and rezone additional locations to remedy this shortfall. The City of Seal Beach adopted the City’s Housing Element Update in early 2022. It was further updated in August 2023 to bring the element into compliance with state legislation and the current Southern California Association of Governments. An Initial Study was prepared in November 2023 for the City to evaluate the potential environmental impacts associated with implementation of the Housing Element Update. The Housing Element Update was then updated again in March 2024 in response to comments received from the California Department of Housing and Community Development. The most up to date version of the Housing Element Update is from August 2024. The purpose of this report is to provide technical analyses for the potential environmental impacts associate with Project implementation at the selected development sites.

1.2 Project Description
The City of Seal Beach is proposing implementation of the City’s Housing Element Updates and its resulting zoning code update and rezoning program. The updated Housing Element has identified sites throughout the City with potential to provide additional housing (Housing Opportunity Sites).

The City of Seal Beach has almost no vacant residentially zoned developable land remaining, and large areas of vacant land are not available for development due to environmental restrictions or federal ownership. The eight Housing Opportunity Sites that have been selected can be categorized in two ways:

Underutilized Sites that do not require zoning code changes, and Candidate Sites for Rezoning.

Additionally, the Project area includes the Main Street Program area. The eight Housing Opportunity Sites IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 1 Introduction
Project Number: 2042665000 2
selected and the Main Street Program total approximately 104.45 acres with a developable acreage of

56.05 acres and are the subject of environmental analysis for this report.

1.3 Project Location
The City of Seal Beach is located at the northwestern edge of Orange County (County), California. It borders the City of Long Beach and Los Angeles County to the northwest, the Orange County Cities of Los Alamitos to the north, Westminster to the east, Huntington Beach to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. The Project area is comprised of eight Housing Opportunity Sites and the Main Street Program area, totaling approximately 104.45 acres. However, the majority of the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program would only allow for development within portions of the overall sites due to existing development; therefore, the total developable area for the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program would total 56.05 acres. The Main Street Program falls within the boundaries of the existing Main Street Specific Plan area located within the City and the development potential for the Main Street Program is not based on potential developable acreage but rather the number of units that could be developed at select locations within the Main Street Specific Plan area. The Project area is located in the City of Seal Beach and falls within the Seal Beach and Los Alamitos United States Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute quadrangles. The locations and descriptions of each are listed in the table below:

Table 1. Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program Site # Site Name Acreage Developable
Acres
U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS)
Quadrangles
Approximate
Centroid
Coordinates
1 1780 Pacific Coast 0.23 0.25 Seal Beach 33.74078,
-118.09599
2 Leisure World 5.56 5.5 Los Alamitos 33.76584,
-118.09206
3 Accurate Storage
(1011 Seal Beach
Blvd.)

4.49 1.8 Los Alamitos 33.75382,
-118.08733
4 Shops at
Rossmoor 26.80 12 Los Alamitos 33.78278,
-118.07364
5 Old Ranch Town
Center 26.06 8.3 Los Alamitos 33.78211,
-118.07009
6 Seal Beach Plaza 8.14 1.5 Los Alamitos 33.76097,
-118.07853
7 Seal Beach Center 7.92 2.7 Seal Beach 33.74417,
-118.10077
8 99 Marina Drive 4.31 3 Seal Beach 33.74661,
-118.10985
- Main Street
Program 21 21 Seal Beach 33.74146,
-118.10449
Total 104.45 56.05
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 1 Introduction
Project Number: 2042665000 3
The Housing Opportunity Sites are separated into two categories according to zoning needs:

Underutilized Sites and Candidates for Rezoning.

Underutilized Sites
• 1780 Pacific Coast. This 0.23-acre site is developed and contains an older commercial building that is currently occupied by a liquor/convenience store. The site is currently zoned Limited Commercial/Residential Medium Density which allows residential use at up to 20 units/acre and normally considered suitable for lower-income housing. It is assumed that the entire site will be redeveloped as residential or mixed-use.
• Leisure World. This site is approximately 5.56-acres in size and almost entirely comprised of truck and trailer parking, with a few permanent structures. The north and east boundaries are lined with trees. The site is currently zoned as Residential High Density-Planned Community. It is anticipated that this site will be redeveloped for residential uses.

Candidate Sites for Rezoning
• Accurate Storage (1011 Seal Beach Blvd.). This site is approximately 4.49-acres in size and located immediately south of the Boeing Integrated Defense Systems property. The location is currently being used for vehicle and boat storage and is bordered by office, commercial, and light industrial uses to the north and west, by the City Police Station across Adolfo Lopez Drive to the south, and by the Seal Beach Naval Weapons Station across Seal Beach Boulevard to the east.

This site is currently zoned as Residential High Density and is suitable for lower-income multifamily development. • The Shops at Rossmoor. This site is approximately 26.80-acres in size and is currently developed as a shopping center. The site is currently zoned as General Commercial. The surface parking area occupies approximately 70 percent of the site or 19 acres. By converting 10 acres of the surface parking to residential housing, the existing development could remain in place. • Old Ranch Town Center. This site is approximately 26.06-acres in size with approximately half of that devoted to surface parking. The remaining 13-acres is developed as shops and restaurants.

The site is currently zoned as Commercial General. By converting 5 acres of the surface parking are to residential uses, all retail uses can remain in place and not pose an impediment to residential development.
• Seal Beach Plaza. This site is approximately 8.14-acres in size and currently developed with retail and office uses. The site is currently zoned as Commercial Service-Service Commercial.

The site is proposed for partial or entire redevelopment. • Seal Beach Center. This site is approximately 7.92-acres and consists of retail uses. The site is currently zoned as Service Commercial. Partial site redevelopment is anticipated and would include a mixed-use building with ground floor retail and residential units above.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 1 Introduction
Project Number: 2042665000 4
• 99 Marina Drive. This site is approximately 4.31-acres in size and is currently vacant except for an abandoned outdoor handball court. The site is currently zoned as Oil Extraction. It is anticipated that this site will be redeveloped for residential uses. • Main Street Program. This site is approximately 21-acres and is located in downtown Seal Beach and is designated as the commercial core of the city. This site is developed with a mix of offices and retail uses, with a few residential units, and currently zoned under the Main Street Specific Plan. It is anticipated that several underutilized parcels will accommodate residential housing development on this site.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 2 Methods
Project Number: 2042665000 5
2 Methods
Stantec conducted a literature and database review to evaluate sensitive species that have been documented within the vicinity of the Project and their potential to occur in the Project area based on the presence of habitat.

2.1 Literature Review
A query of the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) was conducted for the Project area and a surrounding ten-mile buffer area to determine special-status plants, wildlife, and sensitive vegetation communities that have been documented within this area (CDFW 2024a). The database included portions of the following quadrangles surrounding the Project area: Seal Beach, Los Alamitos, Long Beach, San Pedro, Newport Beach, Anaheim, Torrance, Orange, La Habra, and Whittier.

The list of special-status plants, animals, and sensitive natural communities documented to occur within the search area is included in Section 5.

Additional data regarding the potential occurrence of special-status species and policies relating to these special-status natural resources were gathered from the following sources:
• Inventory of Rare and Endangered Vascular Plants of California (California Native Plant Society [CNPS] 2024);
• CDFW Special Animals List (CDFW 2024b);
• United States Fish and Wildlife Service’s (USFWS) Information for Planning and Consulting (IPaC) Species List (USFWS 2024a)
• National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data (USFWS 2024b); • National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) GIS data (USGS 2024); • The Jepson Manual (Baldwin, et al. 2012); and
• Aerial imagery of the Project area and surrounding areas.

2.2 Biological Habitat Assessment
Biological field surveys were not conducted for this assessment; however, a desktop review using highresolution aerial imagery and previously prepared reports in the vicinity were utilized to determine the habitat types located in the project and surrounding areas.

The primary goals of the habitat assessment are to identify and assess the suitability of habitat for special-status plant and wildlife species within the Project area. A Manual of California Vegetation IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 2 Methods
Project Number: 2042665000 6
(Sawyer et al. 2009) was consulted to determine the natural communities present in the Project area; however, none of the habitat types identified on aerial imagery met the description for natural community.

Therefore, all areas were characterized as land cover types. The land cover types determined to be present within the Project area were evaluated for their potential to support special-status species based on species habitat requirements in the literature and the professional knowledge and experience of Stantec’s biologists.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 3 Regulatory Environment
Project Number: 2042665000 7
3 Regulatory Environment

3.1 Federal Regulations

3.1.1 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT
The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969 requires all federal agencies to examine the environmental impacts of their actions, incorporate environmental information, and use public participation in the planning and implementation of all actions. Federal agencies must integrate NEPA into other planning requirements and prepare appropriate NEPA documents to facilitate better environmental decision-making. NEPA requires Federal agencies to review and comment on Federal agency environmental plans and documents when the agency has jurisdiction by law or special expertise with respect to any environmental impacts involved (42 United States Code [USC] 4321- 4327; 40 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR 1500-1508]). These guidelines establish an overall federal process for the environmental evaluation of projects.

3.1.2 FEDERAL ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT
Federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) provisions protect federally listed threatened and endangered species and their habitats from unlawful “take” and ensure that federal actions do not jeopardize the continued existence of a listed species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of Designated Critical Habitat (DCH). Under FESA, take is defined as “to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt to engage in any of the specifically enumerated conduct.” The USFWS regulations define harm to mean “an act which actually kills or injures wildlife.” Such an act “may include significant habitat modification or degradation where it actually kills or injures wildlife by significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns, including breeding, feeding or sheltering” (50 CFR Section 17.3).

DCH is defined in FESA Section 3(5)(A) as “(i) the specific areas within the geographical area occupied by the species on which are found those physical or biological features: (I) essential to the conservation of the species; (II) which may require special management considerations or protection; and (ii) specific areas outside the geographical area occupied by the species upon a determination by the Secretary of Commerce or the Secretary of the Interior that such areas are essential for the conservation of the species.” The effects analyses for DCH must consider the role of the critical habitat in both the continued survival and the eventual recovery (i.e., the conservation) of the species in question, consistent with the recent Ninth Circuit judicial opinion, Gifford Pinchot Task Force v. USFWS.

Activities that may result in “take” of federally listed species are regulated by USFWS. USFWS produced an updated list of candidate species December 6, 2007 (72 Federal Register [FR] 69034). Candidate species are not afforded any legal protection under FESA; however, candidate species typically receive special attention from federal and state agencies during the environmental review process.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 3 Regulatory Environment
Project Number: 2042665000 8

3.1.3 MIGRATORY BIRD TREATY ACT
The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) of 1918 (16 USC 703-711) makes it unlawful to possess, buy, sell, purchase, barter or take any migratory bird listed in Title 50 of CFR Part 10. “Take” is defined as possession or destruction of migratory birds, their nests, and eggs. Disturbances that cause nest abandonment or loss of reproductive effort or the loss of habitats upon which these birds depend may be a violation of the MBTA. The MBTA prohibits killing, possessing, or trading in migratory birds except in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Interior. The MBTA encompasses whole birds, parts of birds, bird nests, and eggs.

3.1.4 BALD AND GOLDEN EAGLE PROTECTION ACT OF 1940 (16 USC 668) The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA) of 1940 (16 USC 668, enacted by 54 Stat. 250) protects bald and golden eagles by prohibiting the taking, possession, and commerce of such birds and establishes civil penalties for violation of this Act. Take of bald and golden eagles is defined as follows:
“disturb means to agitate or bother a bald or golden eagle to a degree that causes, or is likely to cause, based on the best scientific information available, (1) injury to an eagle, (2) a decrease in its productivity, by substantially interfering with normal breeding, feeding, or sheltering behavior, or (3) nest abandonment, by substantially interfering with normal breeding, feeding, or sheltering behavior’’ (72 FR 31132; 50 CFR 22.3).

USFWS is the primary federal authority charged with the management of golden eagles in the United States. A permit for take of golden eagles, including take from disturbance such as loss of foraging habitat, may be required if this Project affects such resources. On November 10, 2009, the USFWS implemented new rules (74 FR 46835) governing the take of golden and bald eagles. The new rules were released under the existing BGEPA, which has been the primary regulatory protection for unlisted eagle populations since 1940.

All activities that may disturb or incidentally take an eagle or its nest as a result of an otherwise legal activity must be permitted by the USFWS under this act. The definition of disturb (72 FR 31132) includes interfering with normal breeding, feeding, or sheltering behavior to the degree that it causes or is likely to cause decreased productivity or nest abandonment. If a permit is required, due to the current uncertainty on the status of golden eagle populations in the western United States, it is expected that permits would only be issued for safety emergencies or if conservation measures implemented in accordance with a permit would result in a reduction of ongoing take or a net take of zero.

3.1.5 FISH AND WILDLIFE COORDINATION ACT
The Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, as amended in 1964, requires that all federal agencies consult with National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), USFWS, and state wildlife agencies (i.e., CDFW) when proposed actions might result in modification of a natural stream or body of water. Federal agencies must consider effects that these projects would have on fish and wildlife development and provide for improvement of these resources. The Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act allows NMFS, USFWS, and CDFW to provide comments to United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) during review of IJ

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projects under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (concerning the discharge of dredged materials into navigable waters of the United States [WOTUS]) and Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act regarding obstructions in navigable waterways. NMFS comments provided under the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act are intended to reduce environmental impacts to migratory, estuarine, and marine fisheries and their habitats.

3.1.6 COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT
The Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) of 1972 establishes national policy to preserve, protect, develop, and, where possible, restore or enhance the resources of the nation’s coastal zones. In accordance with Section 307(c) of the CZMA, after approval by the Secretary of Commerce of a state’s management program, any applicant for a required federal license or permit to conduct an activity in or outside of the coastal zone affecting any land or water use or natural resource of the coastal zone of that state shall provide in the application to the licensing or permitting agency a certification that the proposed activity complies with the enforceable policies of the state’s approved program and that such activity will be conducted in a manner consistent with the program. The federal government certified the California Coastal Management Program (CCMP) in 1977. The enforceable policies of that document are Chapter 3 of the California Coastal Act of 1976.

For all of the California coast except San Francisco Bay, the state agency responsible for implementing the CZMA is the California Coastal Commission (CCC). The CCC is responsible for reviewing proposed federal and federally licensed or permitted activities to assess their consistency with the approved CCMP.

Due to its proximity to the Pacific Ocean, Seal Beach is subject to a state mandated Local Coastal Program (LCP) and CCC jurisdiction. A portion of the project is within the Seal Beach LCP.

3.1.7 CLEAN WATER ACT SECTION 404 AND FEDERAL JURISDICTIONAL WATERS The Clean Water Act (CWA), introduced in 1977 via amendatory legislation of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, is the primary federal law in the United States regulating water pollution. Section 404 of the CWA regulates the discharge of dredged material, placement of fill material, or certain types of excavation within WOTUS and authorizes the Secretary of the Army, through the Chief of Engineers, to issue permits for such actions. Permits can be issued for individual projects (individual permits) or for general categories of projects (general permits). Terrestrial WOTUS as defined by the CWA have typically included rivers, creeks, streams, and lakes extending to their headwaters and any associated wetlands.

Wetlands are defined by the CWA as “areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.” The USACE has adopted several revisions to their regulations to more clearly define WOTUS. The protection of federal jurisdictional WOTUS has been particularly contentious and subject to numerous legal decisions since 2001.
1986 Regulations
In 1986, the federal agencies (USACE and United States Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA]) implemented historic regulations (the 1986 Regulations) that defined WOTUS to mean traditional IJ

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navigable waters (TNWs), the territorial seas, interstate waters, and intrastate waters whose use or degradation could affect interstate or foreign commence, as well as tributaries of and wetlands adjacent to any of those waters.
2001 Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County Ruling
Until the beginning of 2001, WOTUS included, among other things, isolated wetlands and lakes, intermittent streams, prairie potholes, and other waters that are not part of a tributary system to interstate waters or to navigable WOTUS. The jurisdictional extent of USACE regulation changed with the 2001 Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. United States Army Corps of Engineers ruling. The United States Supreme Court held that the USACE could not apply Section 404 of the CWA to extend their jurisdiction over an isolated quarry pit. The Court ruled that the CWA does not extend federal regulatory jurisdiction over non‐navigable, isolated, intra‐state waters. However, the Court made it clear that non‐navigable wetlands adjacent to navigable waters are still subject to USACE jurisdiction. 2006 Rapanos Ruling
In 2006, the United States Supreme Court issued its seminal decision in Rapanos v. United States (Rapanos). Justice Scalia narrowly interpreted the statutory term “waters of the United States” in a fourJustice plurality opinion, holding that CWA jurisdiction extended over only “relatively permanent, standing or continuously flowing bodies of water” that are connected to TNWs, plus wetlands with a “continuous surface connection” to such relatively permanent water bodies. Justice Kennedy wrote separately, concurring with the Court’s judgment with respect to the facts of the case, but interpreted “waters of the United States” to include wetlands that possess a “significant nexus” to waters that are or were navigable in fact or that could reasonably be so made.

The Court’s split decision and lack of a commanding majority opinion in Rapanos created confusion among the federal agencies and public. In 2008, the federal agencies released a regulatory guidance document, the 2008 Rapanos Guidance (USACE and USEPA 2008) addressing common questions about federal jurisdiction over WOTUS and clarifying the two jurisdictional standards from Rapanos. In the 2008 Rapanos Guidance, the federal agencies concluded that federal jurisdiction existed over certain waterbodies that meet either the “relatively permanent” standard from Justice Scalia’s plurality opinion or Justice Kennedy’s “significant nexus” standard.
2015 Clean Water Act
The 1986 Regulations as interpreted by the 2008 Rapanos Guidance were later replaced by the 2015 Clean Water Rule. The federal agencies attempted to provide clarification on jurisdiction following the Rapanos ruling by replacing the numerous categories of waterbodies found in the 1986 Regulations with three broader categories: waters that are categorically “jurisdictional by rule” without the need for further analysis; waters that are subject to case-specific jurisdictional analysis; and waters that are categorically excluded from jurisdiction. The 2015 Clean Water Rule emphasized the “significant nexus” standard over the “relatively permanent” standard to include additional types of waters in the new “jurisdictional by rule” category. Traditional navigable waters, the territorial seas, interstate waters, tributaries of these waters, IJ

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and wetlands adjacent to these waters were all deemed “jurisdictional by rule.” The result of the 2015 Clean Water Rule was an expansion in federal jurisdiction over waterbodies that might have otherwise been excluded from the definition of WOTUS on a case-by-case basis under the 1986 Regulations and the Rapanos ruling.

Federal jurisdictional WOTUS protected under the CWA were defined in a final 2015 Clean Water Rule; however, the Sixth Circuit United States Court of Appeals issued an order staying the 2015 Rule nationwide, pending a determination by the court on jurisdiction to review the rule. The 2015 Clean Water Rule was stayed, and the prior 1986 Regulations published in 1986, along with some changes in 2008 as a result of the Rapanos ruling, remained in effect.
2020 Navigable Waters Protection Rule
In 2017, the Trump Administration issued Executive Order 13778, “Restoring the Rule of Law, Federalism, and Economic Growth by Reviewing the ‘Waters of the United States’ Rule.” The executive order directed the federal agencies to review the 2015 Clean Water Rule for consistency with the policy outlined in Section 1 of the order and to issue a proposed rule rescinding or revising the 2015 Clean Water Rule as appropriate and consistent with law. The federal agencies repealed the 2015 Rule and restored the previous regulatory regime as it existed prior to finalization of the 2015 Clean Water Rule with, “Definition of ‘Waters of the United States’—Recodification of Pre-Existing Rules.” On January 23, 2020, the federal agencies issued the Navigable Waters Protection Rule (NWPR) to redefine WOTUS. The agencies streamlined the definition to include four simple categories of jurisdictional waters:

1. Traditional navigable waters and the territorial seas;

2. Tributaries of traditional navigable waters and the territorial seas;

3. Certain lakes, ponds, and impoundments of WOTUS; and

4. Wetlands adjacent to other WOTUS.

The NWPR provided clear exclusions for many water features that traditionally have not been regulated, and defined terms in the regulatory text that had never been defined before. Congress, in the CWA, explicitly directed the federal agencies to protect “navigable waters.” The intent of the NWPR was to regulate waters and the core tributary systems that provide perennial or intermittent flow and excluded ephemeral waters. The final NWPR fulfilling Executive Order 13788 became effective on June 22, 2020; however, on August 30, 2021, the United States District Court for the District of Arizona vacated the NWPR finding ““fundamental, substantive flaws that cannot be cured without revising or replacing the NWPR’s definition.”
2023 Revised Definition of “Waters of the United States” On June 9, 2021, the USACE and USEPA under the Biden Administration announced intent to protect more waterways through environmental regulations, beginning a new rulemaking process that restores IJ

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protections put in place before 2015. Following the federal district court decision vacating the NWPR, USEPA and USACE halted implementation of the NWPR and began interpreting WOTUS consistent with the pre-2015 regulatory regime, deciding that prompt replacement of the NWPR through the administrative rulemaking process was vital.

On January 18, 2023, the federal agencies published the final "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States'" rule in the Federal Register and the rule became effective on March 20, 2023 (USACE and USEPA 2023). The 2023 Rule establishes a clear and reasonable definition of WOTUS and exercises their discretion under the statute to return generally to the familiar pre-2015 definition that has bounded the CWA’s protections for decades. The implications of the final 2023 WOTUS rule are such that many ephemeral waters not considered protected under the former 2020 NWPR will now be protected.

With the 2023 WOTUS rule, USEPA and USACE interpreted the term WOTUS to include:

1. Traditional navigable waters, the territorial seas, and interstate waters;

2. Impoundments of other jurisdictional WOTUS;

3. Tributaries to either of the above waters, or when the tributaries meet the “relatively permanent” standard or the “significant nexus” standard, (collectively, “jurisdictional tributaries”);

4. Wetlands adjacent to traditional waters, wetlands adjacent and with a continuous surface connection to relatively permanent tributaries and impoundments, and wetlands adjacent to other jurisdictional tributaries when those wetlands meet the “significant nexus” standard; and

5. Intrastate lakes and ponds, streams, or wetlands as defined in 1–4 above that meet either the “relatively permanent” standard or the “significant nexus” standard.

For purposes of characterizing a “jurisdictional adjacent wetland” under the 2023 WOTUS Rule, a wetland may be considered “adjacent” to WOTUS if any of the following three criteria are satisfied:

1. The wetland has an unbroken surface or shallow subsurface connection to WOTUS;

2. The wetland is physically separated from WOTUS by man-made dikes or barriers, natural river berms, and the like; or

3. The wetland is reasonably proximate to WOTUS such that the wetland has significant effects on water quality and the aquatic ecosystem of WOTUS.
2023 Sackett Ruling
On May 25, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its ruling in Sackett v. Environmental Protection Agency (Sackett), which established a more stringent test to determine whether the CWA applies to certain categories of wetland. The Sackett family had backfilled a lot near Priest Lake in Idaho, and in agreeing that the Sacketts’ lot is a wetland, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit applied the test outlined by Justice Kennedy in Rapanos: whether there is a “significant nexus” between the wetlands and waters that are covered by the CWA, and whether the wetlands “significantly affect” the quality of those IJ

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waters. With Sackett, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously reversed the 9th Circuit’s ruling, where in a majority opinion, lower courts were directed to apply a more stringent test in Rapanos, in which the CWA applies to a particular wetland only if it blends or flows into a neighboring water that is a channel for interstate commerce. While the Court decided that it is clear that some “adjacent” wetlands will also qualify under the CWA as “waters of the United States,” wetlands that are entirely separate from traditional bodies of water will not qualify. The CWA will apply to wetlands that are “as a practical matter indistinguishable from waters of the United States” because they have a “continuous surface connection” with a larger body of water, “making it difficult to determine where the ‘water’ ends and the ‘wetland’ begins.”
The result of the Sackett ruling is that certain adjacent wetlands formerly protected under the CWA will no longer be federally protected. The USACE and USEPA have acknowledged the Sackett ruling and indicated they will interpret the phrase “waters of the United States” consistent with the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Sackett.

Amendment to the 2023 WOTUS Rule
On August 29, 2023, the USEPA and USACE announced a final rule amending the 2023 definition of WOTUS to conform with the recent U.S. Supreme Court decision in Sackett. While EPA’s and USACE’s 2023 WOTUS rule defining WOTUS was not directly before the Supreme Court, the decision in Sackett made clear that certain aspects of the WOTUS 2023 rule are invalid. The amendments issued are limited and change only parts of the 2023 rule that are invalid under the Sackett decision. For example, the final rule removes the significant nexus test from consideration when identifying tributaries and other waters as federally protected.

Exemptions Under Clean Water Act Section 404
Activities that are exempt under CWA Section 404(f) include

1. Nominal farming, silviculture and ranching activities,

2. (Emergency) maintenance activities,

3. Construction and maintenance of farm ponds, stock ponds, or irrigation ditches or the maintenance of drainage ditches,

4. Construction of temporary sedimentation basins,

5. Any activity with respect to which a State has an approved program under CWA Section 208(b)(4) which meets the requirements of sections 208(b)(4) (B) and (C) (this pertains to certain applicable statewide waste treatment management programs), and

6. Construction or maintenance of farm roads, forest roads, or temporary roads for moving mining equipment.

Exceptions to these exemptions include:

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1. Discharge of toxic pollutants, and

2. If it is part of an activity whose purpose is to convert an area of a WOTUS into a use to which it was not previously subject, where the flow and/or circulation of waters may be impaired or the reach of the waters reduced.

Extent of Jurisdiction
The extent of CWA Section 404 jurisdiction for non-tidal waters includes non-isolated aquatic features (including wetlands qualifying under the original federal 1986 standards and non-wetland WOTUS) bound by an “ordinary high water mark” as defined by 33 CFR 328.3(e):
“The term ordinary high water mark means that line on the shore established by the fluctuations of water and indicated by physical characteristics such as a clear, natural line impressed on the bank, shelving, changes in the character of soil, destruction of terrestrial vegetation, the presence of litter and debris, or other appropriate means that consider the characteristics of the surrounding areas.”
Features considered isolated from TNWs and the exemptions listed above are not considered WOTUS under the jurisdiction of CWA Section 404.

3.2 State Regulations

3.2.1 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT
The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) establishes state policy to prevent significant and avoidable damage to the environment by requiring changes in projects through the use of alternatives or mitigation measures. CEQA applies to actions directly undertaken, financed, or permitted by state lead agencies. Regulations for implementation are found in the CEQA Guidelines published by the California Natural Resources Agency. These guidelines establish an overall state of California process for the environmental evaluation of projects.

3.2.2 CALIFORNIA ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT
Provisions of the California Endangered Species Act (CESA) protect state-listed threatened and endangered species. The CDFW regulates activities that may result in take of individuals (i.e., take is defined as “hunt, pursue, catch, capture, or kill, or attempt to hunt, pursue, catch, capture, or kill”). Habitat degradation or modification is not expressly included in the definition of take under the California Fish and Game Code (FGC). Additionally, the FGC contains lists of vertebrate species designated as “fully protected” (FGC Sections 3511 [birds], 4700 [mammals], 5050 [reptiles and amphibians], and 5515 [fish]).

Such species may not be taken or possessed.

In addition to federal and State-listed species, the CDFW also has produced a list of Species of Special Concern (SSC) to serve as a “watch list.” Species on this list are of limited distribution or the extent of IJ

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their habitats has been reduced substantially, such that threat to their populations may be imminent. SSC may receive special attention during environmental review, but they do not have statutory protection.

Birds of prey are protected in California under the FGC. FGC Section 3503.5 states that it is “unlawful to ‘take’, possess, or destroy any birds of prey (in the order Falconiformes or Strigiformes) or to ‘take’, possess, or destroy the nest or eggs of any such bird except as otherwise provided by this Code or any regulation adopted pursuant thereto.” Construction disturbance during the breeding season could result in the incidental loss of fertile eggs or nestlings or otherwise lead to nest abandonment. Disturbance that causes nest abandonment and/or loss of reproductive effort is considered take by the CDFW. Under Sections 3503 and 3503.5 of the FGC, activities that would result in the taking, possessing, or destroying of any birds-of-prey, taking, or possessing of any migratory nongame bird as designated in the MBTA, or the taking, possessing, or needlessly destroying of the nest or eggs of any raptors or non-game birds protected by the MBTA, or the taking of any non-game bird pursuant to FGC Section 3800 are prohibited.

3.2.3 SECTION 1602 OF THE CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME CODE Section 1602 of the FGC requires any person, state or local governmental agency, or public utility which proposes a project that will substantially divert or obstruct the natural flow or substantially change the bed, channel, or bank of any river, stream, or lake, or use materials from a streambed, or result in the disposal or deposition of debris, waste, or other material containing crumbled, flaked, or ground pavement where it can pass into any river, stream, or lake, to first notify the CDFW of the proposed project.

Notification is generally required for any project that would take place in or in the vicinity of a river, stream, lake, or their tributaries. This includes rivers or streams that flow at least periodically or permanently through a bed or channel with banks that support fish or other aquatic life and watercourses having a surface or subsurface flow that support or have supported riparian vegetation. Based on the notification materials submitted, the CDFW would determine whether the proposed project may impact fish or wildlife resources.

If the CDFW determines that a proposed project may substantially adversely affect existing fish or wildlife resources, a Lake or Streambed Alteration Agreement (LSAA) would be required. A completed CEQA document must be submitted to CDFW before an LSAA would be issued.

3.2.4 PORTER-COLOGNE WATER QUALITY CONTROL ACT
California Regional Water Quality Control Boards (RWQCBs) regulate the “discharge of waste” to “waters of the State”. All projects proposing to discharge waste that could affect waters of the State must file a Waste Discharge Report with the appropriate RWQCB. The board responds to the report by issuing Waste Discharge Requirements or by waiving them for that project discharge. Both terms “discharge of waste” and waters of the State are broadly defined such that discharges of waste include fill, any material resulting from human activity, or any other “discharge.” Isolated wetlands within California, which are no longer considered waters of the State, as defined by Section 404 of the CWA, are addressed under the Porter Cologne Water Quality Control Act.

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3.2.5 STATE-REGULATED HABITATS
The State Water Resources Control Board is the state agency (together with the RWQCBs) charged with implementing water quality certification in California.

The CDFW extends the definition of stream to include “intermittent and ephemeral streams, rivers, creeks, dry washes, sloughs, blue-line streams (USGS-defined), and watercourses with subsurface flows.

Canals, aqueducts, irrigation ditches, and other means of water conveyance can also be considered streams if they support aquatic life, riparian vegetation, or stream-dependent terrestrial wildlife” (CDFW 1994).

Activities that result in the diversion or obstruction of the natural flow of a stream; that substantially change its bed, channel, or bank; or that use any materials (including vegetation) from the streambed may require that the project applicant enter into an LSAA with the CDFW.

3.2.6 NATIVE PLANT PROTECTION ACT
Under FGC Sections 1900 to 1913, the Native Plant Protection Act (NPPA) requires all state agencies to use their authority to carry out programs to conserve endangered and rare native plants. Provisions of NPPA prohibit the taking of listed plants from the wild and require notification of the CDFW at least 10 days in advance of any change in land use. This allows CDFW to salvage listed plant species that would otherwise be destroyed. a Project applicant is required to conduct botanical inventories and consult with CDFW during project planning to comply with the provisions of the NPPA and sections of CEQA that apply to rare or endangered plants.

3.2.7 CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY RARE PLANT PROGRAM The mission of the CNPS Rare Plant Program is to develop current, accurate information on the distribution, ecology, and conservation status of California’s rare and endangered plants and to use this information to promote science-based plant conservation in California. Once a species has been identified as being of potential conservation concern, it is put through an extensive review process. Once a species has gone through the review process, information on all aspects of the species (e.g., listing status, habitat, distribution, threats, etc.) is entered into the online CNPS Rare Plant Inventory and given a California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR). The Rare Plant Program currently recognizes more than 1,600 plant taxa (species, subspecies and varieties) as rare or endangered in California.

Vascular plants listed as rare or endangered by the CNPS, but which might not have a designated status under state endangered species legislation, are defined by the following CRPRs:
• CRPR 1A: Plants considered by the CNPS to be extinct in California • CRPR 1B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere • CRPR 2: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California, but more numerous elsewhere • CRPR 3: Plants about which we need more information – a review list IJ

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• CRPR 4: Plants of limited distribution – a watch list In addition to the CRPR designations above, the CNPS adds a Threat Rank as an extension added onto the CRPR and designates the level of endangerment by a 0.1 to 0.3 ranking, with 0.1 being the most endangered and 0.3 being the least endangered and are described as follows:
• 0.1: Seriously threatened in California (high degree/immediacy of threat) • 0.2: Fairly threatened in California (moderate degree/immediacy of threat) • 0.3: Not very threatened in California (low degree or immediacy of threats or no current threats known)

3.2.8 CALIFORNIA COASTAL COMMISSION AND COASTAL ACT OF 1976 The CCC has planning, regulatory, and permitting responsibilities in partnership with local governments over all development taking place within the coastal zone, a 1.5 million-acre area stretching 1,100 miles along the state’s coastline from Oregon to Mexico (and around nine offshore islands). The coastal zone extends seaward 3 miles, while its landward boundary varies from several miles inland in places such as the Eel River and the Elkhorn Slough, to as close as a few hundred feet from the shore in other areas.

The CCC’s enabling legislation, the Coastal Act of 1976, created a comprehensive coastal protection program grounded in partnerships between CCC and local government jurisdictions (15 counties and 60 cities) within the coastal zone. Among the coastal resources specifically protected within the Coastal Act are public access to the coastline, wetlands and other environmentally sensitive habitat areas, agriculture, low-cost visitor-serving recreational uses, visual resources, commercial and recreational fishing, and community character. Coastal streams and wetlands are also protected under the Coastal Act.

The Coastal Act Section 30231 defines a wetland as:
…lands within the coastal zone which may be covered periodically or permanently with shallow water and include saltwater marshes, freshwater marshes, open or closed brackish water marshes, swamps, mudflats, and fens.

The CCC’s regulations (CCR Title 14) establishes a “one parameter definition,” which requires evidence of a single parameter to establish wetland conditions:

Wetland shall be defined as land where the water table is at, near, or above the land surface long enough to promote the formation of hydric soils or to support the growth of hydrophytes, and shall also include those types of wetlands where vegetation is lacking and soil is poorly developed or absent as a result of frequent and drastic fluctuations of surface water levels, wave action, water flow, turbidity or high concentrations of salts or other substances in the substrate. Such wetlands can be recognized by the presence of surface water or saturated substrate at some time during each year and their location within, or adjacent to, vegetated wetlands or deep-water habitats. (14 CCR Section 13577).

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The “one parameter” definition adopted by the Coastal Commission is based on the general definition used by USFWS and CDFW from the USFWS wetlands classification system first published in 1979 (Cowardin et al. 1979):

Wetlands are lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is usually at or near the surface or the land is covered by shallow water. For purposes of this classification wetlands must have one or more of the following three attributes: (1) at least periodically, the land supports predominantly hydrophytes; (2) the substrate is predominantly undrained hydric soil; and (3) the substrate is non-soil and is saturated with water or covered by shallow water at some time during the growing season of each year.

The Coastal Act definition of a wetland does not distinguish between wetlands based on their quality.

Therefore, under the Coastal Act, poorly functioning or degraded areas that meet the definition of wetlands are subject to wetland protection policies. Due to its proximity to the Pacific Ocean, Seal Beach is subject to a state mandated LCP and CCC jurisdiction. The Project is within the Seal Beach LCP.

3.3 Local Regulations

3.3.1 ORANGE COUNTY GENERAL PLAN – CHAPTER VI. RESOURCE ELEMENT Natural Resource Component
The Natural Resources Component of the Resources Element of the Orange County General Plan contains policies and programs which are designed to protect and conserve natural resources in the County, including scenic areas such as ridgelines and hillsides, climate, farmlands, native vegetation and wildlife, and mineral resources. It provides a basis for programs which served to implement natural resource conservation goals and policies and establish a framework for additional inventory and resource planning efforts (County of Orange 2005). The Goals, Objectives, and Policies relative to natural resources that apply to the Project are as follows:

Goal 1 Protect wildlife and vegetation resources and promote development that preserves these resources.
• Objective 1.1 To prevent the elimination of significant wildlife and vegetation through resource inventory and management strategies.
• Policy 1. To identify and preserve the significant wildlife and vegetation habitats of the County.

Goal 3 Manage and utilize wisely the County’s landform resources. • Objective 3.1. To minimize to the extent feasible the disruption of significant natural landforms in Orange County.
• Policy 5. To protect the unique variety of significant landforms in Orange County through environmental review procedures and community and corridor planning activities.

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Open Space Component
The Open Space Component of the Resources Element of the Orange County General Plan is the open space plan for the unincorporated areas of Orange County. This component is the successor to the Open Space Element originally adopted by the Board of Supervisors on June 27, 1973. The preparation of this component is in compliance with State Government Code Sections 65560-65568, which require each city and county to prepare and adopt an open space plan for the comprehensive and long-range preservation of open space land within its jurisdiction (County of Orange 2005).

The Open Space Component contains the necessary goals, objectives, policies, and programs to promote the preservation and protection of resource areas and the protection of the public from potential hazards. The component also functions in a manner to shape the overall urban form of Orange County.

To that end, open space facilities such as greenbelts that buffer conflicting land uses or link recreation facilities along regional trails and water courses are desired, as well as areas set aside to preserve cultural-historic resources, significant wildlife habitats, and biotic resources such as oak groves, sycamore/riparian woodlands, and marshlands (County of Orange 2005).

An integral part of the Open Space Component is the Open Space/Conservation Program Map which depicts an open space framework of countywide significance. This framework includes areas of resource concentration such as existing and proposed regional recreation facilities and a system of linkages such as trails and major open space corridors. The implementation programs provide the mechanism by which an integrated open space network can be realized (County of Orange 2005).

The Goals, Objectives, and Policies relative to open space that apply to the Project are as follows:

Goal 1. Retain the character and natural beauty of the environment through the preservation, conservation, and maintenance of open space.
• Objective 1.1. To designate open space areas that preserve, conserve, maintain, and enhance the significant natural resources and physical features of unincorporated Orange County. • Policy 1.1. To guide and regulate development of the unincorporated areas of the County to ensure that the character and natural beauty of Orange County is retained. • Policy 1.2. To implement the Open Space Component through a program organization capable of conducting multiple projects at priority locations throughout the County and with sufficient resources, authority, and responsibility to effectively manage the program. • Policy 1.3. To seek out, evaluate, and take advantage of special opportunities to obtain open space as these opportunities become available and when the available open space meets or helps to meet established open space goals and objectives.

Goal 4. Conserve open space lands needed for recreation, education, and scientific activities, as well as cultural-historic preservation.

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• Objective 4.1. To encourage the conservation of open space lands which provide recreational scenic, scientific, and educational opportunities.
• Policy 4.1. To plan for the acquisition, development, maintenance, operation, and financing of open space lands which provide recreational, scenic, aesthetic, scientific, and educational opportunities.

3.3.2 CITY OF SEAL BEACH GENERAL PLAN – OPEN SPACE / RECREATION /

CONSERVATION ELEMENT
The City was incorporated in 1915 primarily as a farming community but has grown into a small city within an urbanized region encompassing 11.5 square miles along the Pacific Coast. The City’s General Plan provides a comprehensive long-term plan for its character and physical development through appropriate goals, policies, and programs. Planning was formerly focused on expansion, but as much of Seal Beach is now developed, the focus for the future has evolved towards managing and enhancing development.

The relevant component of the General Plan is the Niguel Open Space/Recreation/Conservation Element, which addresses the importance of the provision of recreation areas, preservation of natural resources, avoidance of development in hazardous areas; and the establishment of buffers between incompatible land uses (City of Seal Beach 2003). The purpose of the City’s Open Space / Recreation / Conservation Element is:
• To define open space and classify various types of open space uses. • Describe those parcels or areas that are currently being used for open space/recreation and conservation purposes and discuss in concept future open space needs of the community. • Determine methods to ensure that the present and future needs of the community are met.

Open space is defined as land set aside for outdoor recreation; the preservation of natural resources; managed production of resources; or the safety and general welfare of the community. Recreation land is categorized as land developed for the use and enjoyment of the community, either as active land or passive land. Conservation land is land for the conservation, enhancement, and utilization of natural resources including water and its hydraulic force; water quality; flood control; beach erosion; harbors; wildlife refuge; rivers; soils; forests; minerals; and other natural resources (City of Seal Beach 2003).

3.3.3 SEAL BEACH NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE
The Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge is approximately 920-acres of salt marsh and upland habitat located within the boundaries of the Naval Weapons Station Seal Beach. This wildlife refuge is one of the last remaining natural, undeveloped areas of coastal Southern California. In 1969, the wetlands were designated by the Navy Preserve and on August 30, 1972, President Richard Nixon signed Public Law 92-408, formally establishing the Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge. This National Wildlife Refuge is managed by the Department of the Navy and the Fish and Wildlife Service.

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3.3.4 ORANGE COUNTY TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY NATURAL COMMUNITY

CONSERVATION PLAN/HABITAT CONSERVATION PLAN
The Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA) along with the California Department of Transportation, California Department of Fish and Game, and United States Fish and Wildlife Service worked together to create the Orange County Transportation Authority/California Department of Transportation Natural Community Conservation Plan (NCCP) / Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) in October 2009 with an amendment in 2016 (OCTA 2009). The planning area includes all of Orange County and this plan is meant to work with the existing Orange County planning efforts of the Central Coastal NCCP/HCP and the Southern Orange County HCP.

The plan goals include:
• Provide for the management and conservation of specific covered species within the planning area;
• Preserve, restore, and enhance natural communities and ecosystems that support the specific covered species within the planning area;
• Implement the covered activities in such a way that complies with state and federal fish and wildlife protection laws, including CESA and the FESA;
• Provide a basis for permits necessary to lawfully take specific covered species; • Provide a way to coordinate and standardize mitigation and compensation requirements of FESA, NCCP, CEQA, and NEPA regarding the impacts of covered activities on the covered species within the planning area;
• Provide an accounting process that will document the net environmental benefits from the NCCP/HCP in exchange for streamlined and timely approval of permits for the Renewed Measure M freeway program;
• Provide a less costly, more efficient project review process that results in greater conservation values than project-by-project, species-by-species review; and • Provide clear expectations and regulatory predictability for the entities carrying out covered activities within the planning area.

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4 Existing Conditions

4.1 Setting
The Project is located within the City of Seal Beach in Orange County, California, and is comprised of eight Housing Opportunity Sites and the Main Street Program which have a total land area of approximately 104.45-acres. Appendix A, Figure 1 shows the Project Location Overview. Average summer high temperatures are approximately 74 degrees Fahrenheit (ºF), average winter low temperatures are approximately 55ºF, and annual precipitation averages 12.26 inches (U.S. Climate Data 2024).

Portions of the Project area are also located within the Coastal Zone and regulated by the California Coastal Commission. Due to its location along the shore of the Pacific Ocean, development, and certain land use policies within the Coastal Zone (all areas south of Westminster Boulevard) are also subject to review by the CCC for consistency with the California Coastal Act of 1976. The City of Seal Beach is in the process of developing a LCP which will implement the Coastal Act at the local level.

The western edge of the City of Seal Beach and directly adjacent to portions of the Project area include shoreline, beaches, and marinas which support areas of biological diversity. The Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), established in 1972, is a protected wetland and marsh located at the Seal Beach Naval Weapons Station. The Seal Beach NWR includes habitats that are essential to migratory birds of the Pacific Flyway, which includes federal- and state-listed species. The Seal Beach NWR is under a Management Plan to 1) preserve habitat necessary for perpetuation of two endangered species, the lightfooted Ridgeway’s rail, and the California least tern, and 2) preservation of habitat used by migratory waterfowl, shorebirds, and other waterbirds (USFWS 2024c). Other species of concern found in the Seal Beach NWR include the Eastern Pacific green sea turtle, Belding’s savannah sparrow, and other yearround species including ospreys, peregrine falcons, red-tailed hawks, great blue herons, great egrets, snowy egrets, brown pelicans, crabs, and snails. There are several winter migration species as well, including Canada, snow, and Ross’ geese, various duck species, black-necked stilt, American avocet, black-bellies plover, and least and western sandpipers. Additionally, many California native wildflowers and shrubs occur in this area. Within the aquatic reaches of the wetlands, may also be small rays and sharks within the protected waters of the Seal Beach NWR (USFWS 2024c).

4.2 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types
Vegetation communities and other land cover types within the Project area were determined based on review of aerial imagery and are presented below. No vegetation communities classified in the Manual of California Vegetation (Sawyer et al. 2009) are present within the Project area. All areas are categorized as land cover types.

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4.2.1 LAND COVER TYPES
Ruderal Herbaceous
Ruderal herbaceous vegetation is generally comprised of non-native or naturalized species that populate previously disturbed areas. Common ruderal species include bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare), telegraph weed (Heterotheca grandiflora), giant reed (Arundo donax), tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca), castor bean (Ricinus communis), wild radish (Raphanus sativus), Maltese star-thistle (Centaurea melitensis), black mustard (Brassica nigrea), and shortpod mustard (Hirschfeldia incana).

Disturbed/Developed
This land cover type includes City parks, recreational vehicle storage, a golf course, commercial buildings, paved or graded roadways, concrete pads, landscaped areas. The vegetated areas within this land cover type primarily contain ornamental planters, such as within residential yards and landscaped areas. These areas are generally periodically maintained for weed control, precluding any significant growth of non-ornamental species, but may be sparsely interspersed with ruderal pioneer plant species that readily colonize open disturbed soil. These include bristly oxtongue (Helminthotheca echioides), castor bean (Ricinus communis), black mustard (Brassica nigra), shortpod mustard (Hirschfeldia incana), wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare), and non-native grasses. This land cover type is present on all the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program.

4.3 Topography and Hydrology
Topography in the Project area is relatively flat associated with the coastal plain, with elevation ranging from approximately 0 to 40 feet above mean sea level. The Project area occurs east of the San Gabriel River and north of the Pacific Ocean. According to the National Hydrography Dataset (USGS 2022), the Project area is within three subwatersheds: Coyote Creek-San Gabriel River subwatershed (HU12 180701060606; Housing Opportunity Sites 2 - 6), Huntington Beach – Pacific Ocean (HU12 18070201002; Housing Opportunity Site 8 and Main Street Program), and Anaheim Bay (HU12 180702010001; Sites 1 and 7). The higher-level hydrologic units the subwatershed is nested in are listed in Tables 2 and 3.

Table 2. Hydrologic Units Above the Coyote Creek – San Gabriel River Subwatershed Unit Level Hydrologic Unit Code Name
Region (HU 2) 18 California
Subregion (HU 4) 1807 Southern California Coastal
Basin (HU 6) 180701 Ventura-San Gabriel Coastal Basin
Subbasin (HU 8) 18070106 San Gabriel
Watershed (HU 10) 1807010606 Lower San Gabriel River
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Table 3. Hydrologic Units Above the Huntington Beach - Pacific Ocean and Anaheim Bay Subwatersheds
Unit Level Hydrologic Unit Code Name
Region (HU 2) 18 California
Subregion (HU 4) 1807 Southern California Coastal
Basin (HU 6) 180702 Santa Ana
Subbasin (HU 8) 18070201 Seal Beach
Watershed (HU 10) 1807020100 Bolsa Chica Channel – Frontal Huntington Harbor

4.4 Soils
Historic soils data from the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) was used to determine potential soil types that may occur within the Project area (Appendix A, Figures 2). Table 4 identifies the soils historically known to occur within the Project area and provides a summary of characteristics of these soils (NRCS 2024). There are no hydric soils mapped within the Project area.

Table 4. Historic Soil Units Occurring within the Project area Map Unit
Symbol
Map Unit
Name Description Project Area
Area within
Project
Area(acres)
123 Bolsa silt
loam, drained
A somewhat poorly drained non-hydric soil
associated with alluvial fans at elevations
between 0 to 680 feet; silt loam (0 to 29
inches), silty clay loam (29 to 69 inches);
parent material is made up of mixed
alluvium derived from igneous,
metamorphic, and sedimentary rock. Minor
components include Hueneme, Chino,
Metz, Bolsa, Omni, and San Emigdio.

Housing Opportunity
Site 4
Shops at Rossmoor

23.50 Housing Opportunity
Site 5
Old Ranch Town
Center

26.06 Housing Opportunity
Site 2
Leisure World

5.56 Total 55.12
125
Bolsa silty
clay loam,
drained
A somewhat poorly drained non-hydric soil
associated with alluvial fans at elevations
between -10 to 610 feet; silty clay loam (0
to 12 inches), silt loam (12 to 29 inches),
silty clay loam (29 to 69 inches); parent
material consists of mixed alluvium derived
from igneous, metamorphic, and
sedimentary rock. Minor components
include Chino, Hueneme, and Omni.

Housing Opportunity
Site 4
Shops at Rossmoor

3.30 Housing Opportunity
Site 6 8.14
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Map Unit
Symbol
Map Unit
Name Description Project Area
Area within
Project
Area(acres)
Seal Beach Plaza
Total 11.44
100
Alo clay, 9 to
15 percent
slopes
A well-drained non-hydric soil associated
with hillslopes at elevations between 0 to
1,460 feet; clay (0 to 25 inches), bedrock
(25 to 59 inches); parent material consists
of calcareous residuum weathered from
sandstone and shale. Minor components
include Balcom, Anaheim, and Bosanko.

Housing Opportunity
Site 3
Accurate Storage
(1011 Seal Beach
Blvd.)

4.49 Total 4.49
173
Myford sandy
loam, 2 to 9
percent
slopes
A moderately well-drained non-hydric soil
associated with terraces at elevations
between 0 to 1,560 feet; sandy loam (0 to
12 inches), sandy clay (12 to 18 inches);
sandy clay loam (18 to 71 inches), sandy
loam (71 to 79 inches); parent material
consists of alluvium derived from
sandstone. Minor components include
Myford, Capistrano, Yorba, Chesterton, and
Water.

Housing Opportunity
Site 7
Seal Beach Center

1.65 Total 1.65
162
Marina loamy
sand, 2 to 9
percent
slopes
A somewhat excessively drained nonhydric soil associated with dunes at elevations between 0 to 1,330 feet; loamy
sand (0 to 33 inches), sand (33 to 80
inches); parent material consists of old
eolian sands. Minor components include
Marina, Myford, and an unnamed soil.

Housing Opportunity
Site 8
99 Marina Drive

4.31 Main Street Program 21
Housing Opportunity
Site 7
Seal Beach Center

6.27 Housing Opportunity
Site 1
1780 Pacific Coast

0.23 Total 20.01
Overall Total 104.45
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4.5 Aquatic Resources

4.5.1 COASTAL ZONE
There are three key agencies that regulate activities within inland streams, wetlands, and riparian areas in California, including the coastal zone: the USACE Regulatory Program regulates activities pursuant to Section 404 of the federal CWA and Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act; the CDFW regulates activities under the FGC Sections 1600-1607; and the RWQCB regulates activities under Section 401 of the CWA and the California Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act.

Housing Opportunity Sites 1, 3, 7, 8, and Main Street Program, fall within the Coastal Zone (Appendix A, Figure 5-1). Development within these areas will require coordination with CCC and a Coastal Development Permit for the Project, which would require that the Project adhere to the policies of the California Coastal Act.

4.5.2 NATIONAL WETLANDS INVENTORY
The National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) has mapped a variety of wetland and water resources within and adjacent to the Project area (see Appendix A, Figure 3). These features include Estuarine and Marine Deepwater, Estuarine and Marine Wetland, Freshwater Emergent Wetland, Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland, Freshwater Pond, and Riverine (USFWS 2024b).

The San Gabriel River flows west of the Project area and the Pacific Ocean is south of the Project area.

The Los Alamitos Channel, a concrete lined riverine feature, flows directly to the west of Housing Opportunity Site 2 (Leisure World). The remaining wetlands and waters features are more than 100 feet from the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program.

A formal jurisdictional delineation was not conducted as part of this assessment. The Los Alamitos Channel is a known WOTUS because it is a tributary to the San Gabriel River. The San Gabriel River is also a known WOTUS. Additionally, these areas would qualify as Waters of the State and CDFW jurisdictional waters.

4.6 Common Wildlife
This section describes the common wildlife species expected to occur within the Project area based on habitat characteristics and species known to occur in the region.

4.6.1 TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES
As in all ecological systems, invertebrates inhabiting the Project area play a crucial role in several biological processes. They serve as the primary or secondary food sources for a variety of bird, reptile, and mammal predators; they provide important pollination vectors for numerous plant species; they act as components in controlling pest populations; and they support the naturally occurring maintenance of an area by consuming detritus and contributing to necessary soil nutrients. Though heavily urbanized, habitat conditions within the Project area provide a suite of microhabitat conditions for a wide variety of IJ

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terrestrial insects and other invertebrates that are known to adapt to such disturbance. A focused insect survey was not performed within the Project area for this Project; however, a variety of common insects are expected to be present within the Project area.

4.6.2 FISH
There is no flowing water identified within the Project area; therefore, there is no potential for fish in the Project area. However, there may be fish in the surrounding areas.

4.6.3 AMPHIBIANS
Amphibians often require a source of standing or flowing water to complete their life cycle. However, some terrestrial amphibian species can survive in drier areas by remaining in moist environments found beneath leaf litter, animal burrows, and fallen logs, or by burrowing into the soil. These species are highly cryptic and often difficult to detect. Downed logs, bark, and other woody material in various stages of decay (often referred to as coarse woody debris), which is generally not present within the Project area, could provide shelter and feeding sites for a variety of wildlife, including amphibians and reptiles (Aubry et al. 1988; Maser and Trappe 1984).

Species known to occur in the area include the western toad (Anaxyrus boreas), California toad (Anaxyrus boreas halophilus), Baja California treefrog (Pseudacris hypocondriaca), and garden slender salamander (Batrachoseps major major).

4.6.4 REPTILES
The number and type of reptile species that may occur at a given site is related to several biotic and abiotic features. These include the diversity of plant communities, substrates, soil types, and presence of refugia such as rock piles, boulders, and native debris. Many reptile species, even if present, are difficult to detect because they are cryptic and their life history characteristics (e.g., foraging, thermoregulatory behavior, fossorial nature, camouflage) limit their ability to be observed during most surveys. Further, many species are only active within relatively narrow thermal limits, avoiding both cold and hot conditions, and most species take refuge in microhabitats that are not directly visible to the casual observer, such as rodent burrows, in crevices, under rocks and boards, and in dense vegetation, where they are protected from unsuitable environmental conditions and predators (USACE and CDFG 2010). In some cases, they are only observed when flushed from their refugia. Weather conditions during the survey were favorable for reptile activity.

Common reptiles known to occur in the area include the red diamond rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber), San Diego gopher snake (Pituophis catenifer annectens), and California king snake (Lampropeltis californiae).

Although the Project area does not contain suitable habitat for these species, there is potential for them to be present in areas adjacent to the Project. A small population of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) are known to be present near the mouth of San Gabriel River and in the lower reaches; however, this species requires shallow coastal waters and open ocean, which is not present within the Project area (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA] 2024).

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4.6.5 BIRDS
It is possible that many birds use the Project area at different periods, either as wintering habitat, seasonal breeding, or as occasional migrants. Suitable habitat conditions for several common birds known to occur in the region. Species that may be expected to occur include Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii), whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus), Say’s phoebe (Sayornis saya), common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas), belted kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon), barn owl (Tyto alba), Canada goose (Branta canadensis), California gull (Larus californicus), western gull (Larus occidentalis), great blue heron (Ardea herodias), and black-crowned heron (Nycticorax nycticorax).

4.6.6 MAMMALS
Generally, the distribution of mammals on a given site is associated with the presence of factors such as access to perennial water, topographical and structural components (e.g., rock piles, vegetation) that provide cover and support prey base, and the presence of suitable soils for fossorial mammals (e.g., sandy areas). Common mammals habituated to urban environments may move through the Project area, including striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis), Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), coyote (Canis latrans), raccoon (Procyon lotor), domestic species such as cats (Felis catus), and various rodent species.

Bats likely forage and roost in the region, particularly along riparian corridors. Many bats tend to concentrate foraging activities in riparian habitats similar to those occurring adjacent to the Project area where insect abundance is high.

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5 Special-Status Biological Resources
The background information presented above was used to evaluate special-status natural communities and special-status plant and animal taxa that either occur or may have the potential to occur within the Project area and adjacent habitats. For the purposes of this BRTR, special-status taxa are defined as plants or animals that:
• Have been designated as either rare, threatened, or endangered by CDFW or the USFWS, and are protected under either the CESA or FESA;
• Are candidate species being considered or proposed for listing under these same acts; • Are recognized as SSC by the CDFW;
• Are ranked by CNPS as CRPR 1, 2, 3, or 4 plant species; • Are fully protected by the FGC, Sections 3511, 4700, 5050, or 5515; and/or • Are of expressed concern to resource/regulatory agencies, or local jurisdictions.

5.1 Special-Status Natural Communities
Sensitive natural communities are defined by CDFW (2018) as, “...communities that are of limited distribution statewide or within a county or region and are often vulnerable to environmental effects of projects.” All vegetation is ranked with an “S” State rarity rank; however, only those that are of special concern (S1-S3 rank) are evaluated under CEQA.

The CNDDB records search indicated that there are four sensitive vegetation communities within a 10- mile radius of the Project area: Southern Coastal Salt Marsh, Southern Dune Scrub, Southern Foredunes, and Southern Cottonwood Willow Riparian Forest. The Southern Dune Scrub has a state rank of S1/Critically imperiled, at very high risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to very restricted range, very few populations or occurrences, very steep declines, severe threats, or other factors. The Southern Coastal Salt Marsh and Southern Foredunes has a state rank of S2/Imperiled, at high risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to restricted range, few populations or occurrences, steep declines, severe threats, or other factors. The Southern Cottonwood Riparian Forest has a state rank of S3/Vulnerable, at moderate risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to a fairly restricted range, relatively few populations or occurrences, recent and widespread declines, threats, or other factors.

The Project area does not contain any of these sensitive natural communities. The Project occurs within the Orange County Transportation Authority NCCP/HCP, but this is not relevant for this project.

5.2 Designated Critical Habitat
Designated critical habitat is defined by the USFWS (2020) as, “. . .a term defined and used in the Endangered Species Act. It includes specific geographic areas that contain features (known as Primary IJ

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Constituent Elements) essential to the conservation of an endangered or threatened species and that may require special management and protection. DCH may also include areas that are not currently occupied by the listed species but are thought to be needed for its recovery.” There is no DCH within the Project area. The nearest DCH is for the western snowy plover (Charadrius nivosus nivosus), located approximately 3.3 miles southeast; and coastal California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica), located approximately 9.5 miles northeast of the Project area (USFWS 2024a, USFW 2024c).

5.3 Special-Status Plants
Special-status plant species include those listed as threatened or endangered under the FESA or CESA, taxa proposed for such listing, SSC, CRPR, and other taxa that have been identified by USFWS, CDFW, or local jurisdictions as unique or rare and that have the potential to occur within the Project area.

Tables 5 and 6 summarize the special-status plant taxa known to occur regionally and their potential for occurrence in the Project area. Appendix A, Figure 4 provides a depiction of previously reported species locations from the CNDDB records searches. Sources comprise the CNDDB, CNPS, USFWS, and OCTA NCCP/HCP. Each of the taxa identified in the database records searches were assessed for its potential to occur within the Project area based on the following criteria:
• High (H): Both a documented recent record (within 10 years) exists of the taxa within the Project area or immediate vicinity (approximately 10 miles) and the environmental conditions (including soil type) associated with taxa presence occur within the Project area. • Moderate (M): Both a documented recent record (within 10 years) exists of the taxa within the Project area, or the immediate vicinity (approximately 10 miles) and the environmental conditions associated with taxa presence are marginal and/or limited within the Project area; the Project area is located within the known current distribution of the taxa and the environmental conditions (including soil type) associated with taxa presence occur within the Project area. • Low (L): A historical record (over 10 years) exists of the taxa within the Project area or general vicinity (approximately 10 miles) and the environmental conditions (including soil type) associated with taxa presence are marginal and/or limited within the Project area. • Not Likely to Occur (N): The environmental conditions associated with taxa presence do not occur within the Project area.

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Table 5. Special-Status Plant Species and Their Habitat Evaluated for Potential Occurrence Common
Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal/
State/CRPR/OCTA

NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
red sandverbenaAbronia
maritima
-- / -- / 4.2 / -- Perennial herb that occurs in coastal dune habitats.

Elevation range: below 328 feet. Typical blooming
period is February – October.
chaparral
sand-verbena
Abronia villosa
var. aurita
-- / -- / 1B.1 / -- Annual herb that occurs in chaparral, coastal and desert dune habitats. Elevation range: 246 – 5,249
feet. Typical blooming period is January – September.
aphanisma Aphanisma
blitoides
-- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Annual herb adapted to saline soils, found in sand or scrub along the immediate coast. Elevation range:
below 328 feet. Typical blooming period is in March –
June.

Horn’s milkvetchAstragalus hornii
var. hornii
-- / -- / 1B.1 / -- Annual herb that occurs in lake margins, salty flats, meadows, seeps, and playas. Adapted to alkaline
soils. Elevation range: 197 –. 984 feet. Typical
blooming period is May – September.

Ventura marsh
milk-vetch
Astragalus
pycnostachyus
var.
lanosissimus
FE / SE / 1B.1 / -- Perennial herb that occurs in coastal dunes, coastal scrub, marshes, and swamps (edges, coastal salt, or
brackish); within reach of high tide or protected by
barrier beaches; rarely occurs near seeps on sandy
bluffs. Elevation range: 3 – 115 feet. Typical blooming period is August - October.

Coulter’s
saltbush
Atriplex coulteri -- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Perennial herb that occurs in coastal bluff scrub, coastal dunes, coastal scrub, valley and foothill
grassland, ocean bluffs, ridgetops, as well as alkaline low places. Occurs in alkaline, dry, or clay soils.

Elevation range: 7– 1,509 feet. Typical blooming
period is March to October.
south coast
saltscale
Atriplex pacifica -- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Annual herb that occurs in coastal bluff scrub, coastal dune, coastal scrub, and playa habitats. Elevation
range: below 984 feet. Typical blooming period is
March to October.

Parish’s
brittlescale
Atriplex parishii -- / -- / 1B.1 / -- Annual herb that occurs in dry lake beds, playas, ephemeral vernal pools, and chenopod scrub habitats.

Present in saline and alkaline soils. Elevation range: 0 – 1,542 feet. Typical blooming period is June –
October.

Davidson’s
saltscale
Atriplex
serenana var.
davidsonii
-- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Annual herb that occurs in coastal scrub, bluffs, chenopod scrub, playas, and vernal pools from
southern California to Baja California. Occurs in
alkaline soils. Elevation range: 0 – 656 feet. Typical
blooming period is April – October.

Catalina
mariposa lily
Calochortus
catalinae
-- / -- / 4.2 / -- Perennial herb that occurs in coastal sage scrub, foothill woodland, chaparral, and valley grassland
habitats. Elevation range: below 2,297 feet. Typical
blooming period is March – June.

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Common
Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal/
State/CRPR/OCTA

NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
Plummer’s
mariposa lily
Calochortus
plummerae
-- / -- / 4.2 / -- Perennial herb that occurs in chaparral, cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, lower montane forest, and
valley and foothill grasslands. Occurs in granitic and
rocky substrates. Elevation range: 328– 5,577 feet.

Typical blooming period is May – July.
intermediate
mariposa lily
Calochortus
weedii var.
intermedius
-- / -- / 1B.2 / Listed Perennial herb that occurs in chaparral, coastal scrub, and valley and foothill grasslands; typically in rocky, calcareous substrates. Elevation range: 345 – 2,805
feet. Typical blooming period is May – June.
lucky morninggloryCalystegia felix -- / -- / 1B.1 / -- Annual herb historically associated with wetland and marshy places, but possibly in drier situations as well.

May occur in silty loam and alkaline soils in meadows
and seeps, and riparian scrub habitats. Elevation
range: 98 – 705 feet. Typical blooming period is March
– September.

Lewis’
eveningprimrose
Camissoniopsis
lewisii
-- / -- / 3 / -- Annual herb that occurs in coastal and dune habitats.

Associated with coastal strand, coastal sage scrub,
foothill woodland, and valley grassland communities.

Elevation range: below 984 feet. Typical blooming
period is March – June.
southern
tarplant
Centromadia
parryi ssp.
australis
-- / -- / 1B.1 / Listed Annual herb the occurs on the margins of marshes and swamps, vernally mesic portions of valley and
foothill grasslands, depressions, waterway banks and
beds, open poorly drained flats, and disturbed area.

Occurs in alkaline substrates. Elevation range: 0 –
1,575 feet. Typical blooming period is May –
November.
smooth
tarplant
Centromadia
pungens ssp.
laevis
-- / -- / 1B.1 / -- Annual herb that occurs in chenopod scrub; meadows and seeps; playas; riparian woodlands; valley and
foothill grasslands; depressions; waterway banks and
beds; open, poorly drained flats; and disturbed areas.

Occurs in alkaline soils. Elevation range: 295 – 1,640
feet. Typical blooming period is April – September.
salt marsh
bird’s-beak
Chloropyron
maritimum ssp.
maritimum
FE / -- / 1B.2 / -- Annual herb that occurs in coastal dune, marsh, and swamp habitats. Elevation range: 0-98 feet. Typical
blooming period is May – October.
seaside
cistanthe
Cistanthe
maritima
-- / -- / 4.2 / -- Annual herb that occurs in coastal sage scrub and valley grassland communities. Elevation range: 0 –
984 feet. Typical blooming period is March – June.
small-flowered
morning-glory
Convolvulus
simulans
-- / -- / 4.2 / -- Annual herb that occurs in seeps. This species has a strong affinity for ultramafic substrates. Elevation
range: 98 – 2,870 feet. Typical blooming period is
March – July.
manystemmed
dudleya
Dudleya
multicaulis
-- / -- / 1B.2 / Listed Perennial herb that occurs in chaparral, coastal scrub, and valley and foothill grasslands. Often occurs in clay soils. Elevation range: 49 – 2,592 feet. Typical blooming period is April-July.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 33
Common
Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal/
State/CRPR/OCTA

NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
small
spikerush
Eleocharis
parvula
-- / -- / 4.3 / -- Perennial grass-like herb that occurs in salt marsh and coastal habitats. Elevation range: below 164 feet.

Typical blooming period is July – August.

San Diego
button-celery
Eryngium
aristulatum var.
parishii
FE / SE / 1B.1 / -- Annual or perennial herb that occurs in vernal pools.

Elevation range: below 2,313 feet. Typical blooming
period is April – June.

Los Angeles
sunflower
Helianthus
nuttallii ssp.
parishii
-- / -- / 1A / -- Perennial herb (rhizomatous) that historically occurred in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, and San
Bernardino counties; however, it is presumed to be
extinct. It occurred in salt or freshwater marshes and
swamps. Elevation range: 33 – 5,003 feet. Typical
blooming period is August – October.
vernal barley Hordeum
intercedens
-- / -- / 3.2 / -- Annual grass-like herb that occurs in coastal dune, coastal scrub, saline flats and depressions in valley
and foothill grassland, and vernal pool habitats.

Elevation range: 16 – 3,280 feet. Typical blooming
period is March – June.
decumbent
goldenbush
Isocoma
menziesii var.
decumbens
-- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Shrub that occurs in coastal scrub and chaparral habitats, and disturbed areas. Occurs in sandy soils.

Elevation range: 3 – 3,002 feet. Typical blooming
period is April – November.

Southern
California
black walnut
Juglans
californica
-- / -- / 4.2 / -- Tree that occurs in chaparral, cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, and riparian woodland habitats.

Elevation range: 164 – 2,953 feet. Typical blooming
period is March – August.
southwestern
spiny rush
Juncus acutus
ssp. leopoldii
-- / -- / 4.2 / -- Perennial grass-like herb (rhizomatous) that occurs in seeps, meadows, salt marshes, and dune coastal
habitats. Elevation range: below 984 feet. Typical
blooming period is May – June.

Coulter’s
goldenfields
Lasthenia
glabrata ssp.
coulteri
-- / -- / 1B.1 / -- Annual herb that occurs in coastal salt marshes and swamps, playas, coastal dunes, coastal sage scrub,
valley and foothill grasslands, and vernal pools.

Usually found in clay and alkaline soils. Elevation
range: 3 – 4,511 feet. Typical blooming period is
February – June.

California boxthornLycium
californicum
-- / -- / 4.2 / -- Shrub found in coastal sage scrub communities.

Elevation range: below 492 feet. Typical blooming
period is March – August.
mud nama Nama
stenocarpa
-- / -- / 2B.2 / -- Annual herb that occurs in marshes and swamps, lake shores, riverbanks, and other intermittently wet areas.

Elevation range: 16 – 1. Typical blooming period is
January – July.

Gambel’s
water cress
Nasturtium
gambelii
FE / ST / 1B.1 / -- Perennial herb (rhizomatous) that occurs in freshwater or brackish marshes and swamps. Elevation range: 16
– 1,083 feet. Typical blooming period is April –
October.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 34
Common
Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal/
State/CRPR/OCTA

NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
prostrate
vernal pool
navarretia
Navarretia
prostrata
-- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Annual herb that occurs in coastal scrub, valley and foothill grassland, vernal pool, and meadow and seep
habitats. Occurs in alkaline soils. Elevation range: 10 – 4,052 feet. Typical blooming period is April – June.
coast woollyheadsNemacaulis
denudate var.
denudate
-- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Annual herb that occurs on coastal dunes and beaches. Elevation range: below 328 feet. Typical
blooming period is March – August.

California
Orcutt grass
Orcuttia
californica
FE / SE / 1B.1 / -- Annual grass-like herb that occurs in large and deep vernal pools, typically with clay soils and an
impervious subsurface layer. Elevation range: 49 –
2,165 feet. Typical blooming period is April -August.

Lyon’s
pentachaeta
Pentachaeta
lyonia
-- / -- / 1B.1 / -- Annual herb that occurs in chaparral openings, and valley and valley and foothill grasslands. Elevation
range: 98 – 2,264 feet. Typical blooming period is
March – June.
south coast
branching
phacelia
Phacelia
ramosissima
var.
austrolitoralis
-- / -- / 3.2 / -- Perennial herb that occurs in wetland below 12,467 feet in elevation. Typical blooming period is March –
August.

Brand’s star
phacelia
Phacelia
stellaris
-- / -- / 1B.1 / -- Annual herb that occurs on bluffs and slopes in coastal dunes, coastal scrub, and coastal bluff scrub habitats.

Occurs in sandy or clay soils. Elevation range: 3 -
1,312 feet. Typical blooming period is March – June.

Engelmann
oak
Quercus
engelmannii
-- / -- / 4.2 / -- Tree that occurs in riparian habitats in foothill woodland, chaparral, and valley grassland
communities. Elevation range: below 4,265 feet.

Typical blooming period is March – June.

Sanford’s
arrowhead
Sagittaria
sanfordii
-- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Perennial herb (rhizomatous) that occurs in freshwater marsh habitats. Elevation range: below 984 feet.

Typical blooming period is May – October.
salt spring
checkerbloom
Sidalcea
neomexicana
-- / -- / 2B.2 / -- Perennial herb that occurs in playa, chaparral, coastal scrub, lower montane coniferous forest, and Mojavean
desert scrub habitats. Also occurs in alkali springs and marshes. Elevation range: 49 – 5,020 feet. Typical
blooming period is March – June.
estuary
seablite
Suaeda esteroa -- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Perennial herb that occurs in marshes and swamps, including coastal salt marshes. Occurs in clay, silt, and sand substrates. Elevation range: 0 – 262 feet. Typical blooming period is July – October.
woolly seablite Suaeda taxifolia -- / -- / 4.2 / -- Shrub that occurs in salt marsh habitats on the edges of coastal sage scrub and wetland riparian
communities. Elevation range: below 49 feet. Typical
blooming period is January – December.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 35
Common
Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal/
State/CRPR/OCTA

NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
San
Bernardino
aster
Symphyotrichum
defoliatum
-- / -- / 1B.2 / -- Perennial herb (rhizomatous) that occurs in meadow and seep, cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, lower
montane coniferous forest, marsh and swamp, and
valley foothill grassland habitats. Generally found in
vernally mesic grassland habitats near ditches,
streams, and springs. May also occur in disturbed
areas. Elevation range: 10 – 6,709 feet. Typical
blooming period is July – November.

General References:

USFWS IPaC 10-mile centered on Project area (accessed January 2024) CNDDB RareFind 10-mile centered on Project area (accessed January 2024).

CNPS Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants 8-quad search (accessed January 2024) Orange County Transportation Authority NCCP/HCP (accessed 2024) Status Codes:

No Status (--)
Federal
Federal Endangered (FE)
Federal Threatened (FT)
Federal Proposed Endangered (FPE)
Federal Proposed Threatened (FPT)
Federal Candidate (FC)
State
State Endangered (SE)
State Threatened (ST)
State Candidate (SC)
State Rare (SR)
California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR)
from the California Native Plant
Society (CNPS)
Rare, threatened, or endangered in
California and elsewhere (Rank 1B);
Rare, threatened, or endangered in
California, but more common elsewhere
(Rank 2);
Plants that about which more information
is needed (Rank 3);
A watch list plant of limited distribution
(Rank 4)
Threat Code:

Seriously endangered in California
(≥80% of occurrences threatened / high
degree and immediacy of threat) (.1);
Fairly endangered in California (20-80%
occurrences threatened) (.2);
Not very endangered I California (≤20%
of occurrences threatened, or no current
threats known) (.3).

Orange County Transportation
Authority (OCTA) NCCP/HCP
Listed
.....

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 36
Table 6. Special-Status Plant Species and Potential for Occurrence on Each Housing Opportunity Site and Main Street Program
Species
Housing Opportunity Site 1. 1780 Pacific CoastHousing Opportunity Site 2. Leisure WorldHousing Opportunity Site 3. Accurate Storage (1011 Seal Beach Blvd.)Housing Opportunity Site

4. Shops
at RossmoorHousing Opportunity Site 5. Old Ranch Town CenterHousing Opportunity Site 6. Seal Beach PlazaHousing Opportunity Site 7. Seal Beach CenterHousing Opportunity Site 8. 99 MarinaMain Street Program red-sand verbena N N N N N N N N N
chaparral sand-verbena N N N N N N N N N
aphanisma N N N N N N N N N
Horn’s milk-vetch N N N N N N N N N
Ventura marsh milk-vetch N N N N N N N N N
Coulter’s saltbush N N N N N N N L N
south coast saltscale N N N N N N N N N
Parish’s brittlescale N N N N N N N N N
Davidson’s saltscale N N N N N N N N N
Catalina marisposa lily N N N N N N N N N
Plummer’s mariposa lily N N N N N N N N N
intermediate mariposa lily N N N N N N N N N
lucky morning-glory N N N N N N N N N
Lewis’ evening-primrose N N N N N N N N N
southern tarplant N N N N N N N L N
smooth tarplant N N N N N N N N N
salt-march birds’s beak N N N N N N N N N
seaside cistanthe N N N N N N N N N
small-flowered morning-glory N N N N N N N N N
many-stemmed dudleya N N N N N N N N N
small spikerush N N N N N N N N N
San Diego button-celery N N N N N N N N N
Los Angeles sunflower N N N N N N N N N
vernal barley N N N N N N N N N
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 37
Species
Housing Opportunity Site 1. 1780 Pacific CoastHousing Opportunity Site 2. Leisure WorldHousing Opportunity Site 3. Accurate Storage (1011 Seal Beach Blvd.)Housing Opportunity Site

4. Shops
at RossmoorHousing Opportunity Site 5. Old Ranch Town CenterHousing Opportunity Site 6. Seal Beach PlazaHousing Opportunity Site 7. Seal Beach CenterHousing Opportunity Site 8. 99 MarinaMain Street Program decumbent goldenbush N N N N N N N N N
Southern California black
walnut N N N N N N N N N
southwestern spiny rush N N N N N N N N N
Coulter’s goldenfields N N N N N N N L N
California box-thorn N N N N N N N N N
mud nama N N N N N N N N N
Gambel’s water cress N N N N N N N N N
prostrate vernal pool navarretia N N N N N N N N N
coasty woolly-heads N N N N N N N N N
California Orcutt grass N N N N N N N N N
Lyon’s pentachaeta N N N N N N N N N
south coast branching phacelia N N N N N N N N N
Brand’s star phacelia N N N N N N N N N
Engelmann oak N N N N N N N N N
Sanford’s arrowhead N N N N N N N N N
salt spring checkerbloom N N N N N N N N N
estuary seablite N N N N N N N N N
woolly seablite N N N N N N N N N
San Bernardino aster N N N N N N N N N
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 38

5.4 Special-Status Wildlife
Special-status wildlife include those listed as threatened or endangered under the FESA or CESA, taxa proposed for such listing, SSC, and other taxa that have been identified by USFWS, CDFW, or local jurisdictions as unique or rare and that have the potential to occur within the Project area.

Tables 7 and 8 summarize the special-status wildlife taxa known to occur regionally and their potential for occurrence in the Project area. Appendix A, Figure 4 provides a depiction of previously reported species locations from the CNDDB records searches. Sources comprise the CNDDB, USFWS, and OCTA NCCP/HCP. Each of the taxa identified in the database records searches were assessed for its potential to occur within the Project area based on the following criteria:
• High (H): Habitat (including soils) for the taxa occurs onsite, and a known occurrence occurs within the Project area or adjacent areas (within 5 miles of the Project area) within the past 20 years; however, these taxa were not detected during the most recent surveys. • Moderate (M): Habitat (including soils) for the taxa occurs onsite, and a known regional record occurs within the database search, but not within 5 miles of the Project area or within the past 20 years; or a known occurrence occurs within 5 miles of the Project area and within the past 20 years and marginal or limited amounts of habitat occurs onsite; or the taxa’s range includes the geographic area and suitable habitat exists.
• Low (L): Limited habitat for the taxa occurs within the Project area and no known occurrences were found within the database search and the taxa’s range includes the geographic area. • Not Likely to Occur (N): The environmental conditions associated with taxa presence do not occur within the Project area.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 39
Table 7. Special-Status Animal Species and Their Habitat Evaluated for Potential Occurrence Common Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal / State / CDFW /

OCTA NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
Invertebrates
Crotch bumble bee Bombus crotchii -- / SC / S2 / -- Coastal California east to the SierraCascade crest and south into Mexico. Food plant genera include
Antirrhinum, Phacelia, Clarkia,
Dendromecon, Eschscholzia, and
Eriogonum.

San Diego fairy shrimp Branchinecta
sandiegonensis
FE / S1 / -- / -- Restricted to vernal pools in coastal southern California and
northwestern Baja California,
Mexico.
monarch – California
overwintering
population
Danaus plexippus
plexippus pop. 1
FC / S2 / -- / -- Inhabitant of coastal sand dune
habitat; erratically distributed from
Ten Mile creek in Mendocino County
south to Ensenada, Mexico. Inhabits
foredunes and sand hummocks; it
burrows beneath the sand surface
and is most common beneath dune
vegetation. Roosts located in windprotected tree groves (eucalyptus, pine, cypress), with nectar and water
sources nearby.

Larvae require the host plant,
(Asclepias ssp.) for development.
quino checkerspot
butterfly
Euphydryas
Editha quino
FE / S1S2 / -- / -- Native to southern California and
northwestern Mexico. Occurs in
localized colonies closely associated
with the high densities of larval food
plant, Plantago erecta, P. insularis,
and Orthocarpus purpurescens.

Adults use several chaparral annual
flowers for food. Six known
populations in southwestern
Riverside and San Diego counties
and at least one population near
Tecate, Mexico. Associated with
sunny openings within chaparral and
coastal sage shrublands hills and
mesas near the coast.

Palos Verdes blue
butterfly
Glaucopsyche
lygdamus
palosverdesensis
FE / S1 / -- / -- Dependent on two known larval host
plants, Santa Barbara milkvetch
(Astragalus trichopodus var.
lonchus)—also known as
locoweed—and common deerweed
(Acmispon glaber) within coastal
scrub habitat. Known only from
Palos Verdes peninsula.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 40
Common Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal / State / CDFW /

OCTA NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
Riverside fairy shrimp Streptocephalus
woottoni
FE / S2 / -- / -- Restricted to vernal pools and other
non-vegetated ephemeral pools in
inland areas of Riverside County,
Orange County, and the vicinity of
Ramona, San Diego County; and
coastal areas of San Diego County
and northwestern Baja California,
Mexico.

Reptiles
southern California
legless lizard
Anniella stebbinsi -- / S3 / SSC / -- Generally, south of the transverse range, extending to northwestern
Baja California, Mexico. Occurs in
sandy or loose loamy soils under
sparse vegetation. Disjunct
populations in the Tehachapi and
Piute mountains in Kern County.

Variety of habitats; generally, in
moist, loose soil. They prefer soils
with a high moisture content.
orange-throated
whiptail
Aspidoscelis
hyperythra
-- / S2S3 / WL / Listed Found in sage scrub and chaparral habitats.
green turtle Chelonia mydas FT / S1 / -- / -- Usually occur in relatively shallow waters (except when migrating)
inside reefs, bays, and inlets. Occur
in lagoons and shoals with an
abundance of marine grass and
algae.
western pond turtle Emys marmorata FPT / SNR / SSC / Listed A thoroughly aquatic turtle of small ponds and lakes, marshes,
permanent and ephemeral shallow
wetlands, stock ponds, reservoirs,
treatment lagoons, irrigation ditches,
and slow-moving permanent or
intermittent rivers, streams, usually
with aquatic vegetation, below 6000
ft elevation. Needs basking sites and
suitable (sandy banks or grassy
open fields) upland habitat up to 0.5
km from water for egg-laying.

Abundant cover necessary including
logs, rocks, and submerged
vegetation.
coast horned lizard Phrynosoma
blainvillii
-- / S4 / SSC / Listed Primarily in sandy soil in open areas, especially sandy washes and
floodplains, in many plant
communities. Requires open areas
for sunning, bushes for cover,
patches of loose soil for burial, and
an abundant supply of ants or other
insects. Main prey item is harvester
ants. Occurs west of the deserts
from northern Baja California,
Mexico, north to Shasta County
below 2,400 meters elevation.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 41
Common Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal / State / CDFW /

OCTA NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
Amphibians
western spadefoot Spea hammondii FPT / S3S4 / SSC /-- Occurs in the Central Valley and adjacent foothills and the non-desert
areas of southern California and
Baja California, Mexico. Grassland
habitats, valley-foothill hardwood
woodlands, and coastal sage scrub.

Vernal pools and other temporary
rain pools, cattle tanks, and
occasionally pools of intermittent
streams are essential for breeding
and egg-laying. Burrows in loose
soils during dry season.

Fish
Arroyo chub Gila orcuttii -- / S2 / SSC / Listed Found in habitats characterized by slow-moving water, mud or sand
substrate, and depths greater than
40 cm. Most abundant in low
gradient pools that support at least
some aquatic vegetation.
steelhead – southern
California Distinct
Population Segment
(DPS)
Oncorhynchus
mykiss irideus
pop. 10
FT / S2 / SSC / -- Inhabits seasonally accessible rivers and streams with gravel for
spawning. Requires sufficient flows
in their natal streams to be able to
return from oceans and lakes to
spawn. Federal listing refers to
populations from Santa Maria River
south to southern extent of range
(San Mateo Creek in San Diego
County). Southern steelhead likely
have greater physiological tolerance
to warmer water and more variable
conditions.
short-tailed albatross Phoebastria
albatrus
FE / S1 / SSC / -- Located on remote islands of the
western Pacific.

Mammals
western mastiff bat Eumops perotis
californicus
-- / S3S4 / SSC / -- Open, semi-arid to arid habitats,
including conifer and deciduous
woodlands, coastal scrub,
grasslands, chaparral. Roosts in
crevices in cliff faces, high buildings,
bridges, trees, and tunnels. In
California, most records are from
rocky areas at low elevations.
bobcat Lynx rufus -- / -- / -- / Listed Common throughout the United States, southern Canada, and
northern Mexico. Preferred habitats
include dense chaparral, low and
mid elevation conifer, oak, pinyonjuniper woodlands, riparian, and desert environments.
south coast marsh vole Microtus
californicus
-- / S2 / SSC / -- Occurs in areas of tidal marshes in
Los Angeles, Orange, and southern
Ventura counties.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 42
Common Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal / State / CDFW /

OCTA NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
big free-tailed bat Nyctinomops
macrotis
-- / S3 / SSC / -- Occurs in low-lying arid areas in
southern California. Prefers rugged,
rocky terrain. Often forages over
water sources. Roosts in buildings,
caves, and occasionally in holes in
trees. Also roosts in crevices in high
cliffs or rock outcrops.
western yellow bat Lasiurus
xanthinus
-- / S3 / SSC / -- Primarily roost in trees hanging from the underside of leaves. Commonly
found in riparian woodland habitat
with dead fronds of non-native palms
(for roosting).

Pacific pocket mouse Perognathus
longimembris
pacificus
FE / S2 / SSC / -- An obligate resident of fine-grained sandy soils of coastal strand, coastal
dunes, river and marine alluvium,
and coastal sage scrub near the
ocean and has never been collected
more than 2 miles from the coast.

Occurrences are closely associated
with loose or friable soils that permit
burrowing.
southern California
saltmarsh shrew
Sorex ornatus
salicornicus
-- / S1 / SSC /-- Coastal marshes in Los Angeles,
Orange, and Ventura counties.

Requires dense vegetation and
woody debris for cover.

Birds
tricolored blackbird Agelaius tricolor -- / ST / SSC / -- Highly colonial species, most numerous in the Central Valley and
vicinity, and largely endemic to
California. Breeds near freshwater,
preferably in emergent wetland with
tall, dense cattails or tules, but also
in thickets of willow, blackberry, wild
rose, and tall herbs. Forages in
grassland and cropland habitats with
insect prey within a few kilometers of
the colony. They are itinerant
breeders, nesting more than once at
different locations during the
breeding season.
burrowing owl Athene
cunicularia
-- / S2 / SSC / -- Open, dry annual or perennial
grasslands, deserts, and scrublands
characterized by low-growing
vegetation. Subterranean nester,
dependent upon burrowing
mammals, most notably the
California ground squirrel.
ferruginous hawk Buteo regalis -- / S3S4 / WL / -- Open grasslands, sagebrush flats, desert scrub, low foothills and
fringes of pinyon and juniper
habitats. Eats mostly lagomorphs,
ground squirrels, and mice.

Population trends may follow
lagomorph population cycles.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 43
Common Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal / State / CDFW /

OCTA NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
Swainson’s hawk Buteo swaisoni -- / ST / S4 / -- Breeds in grasslands with scattered trees, juniper-sage flats, riparian
areas, savannahs, and agricultural
or ranch lands with groves or lines of
trees. Requires adjacent suitable
foraging areas such as grasslands,
or alfalfa or grain fields supporting
rodent populations.
coastal cactus wren Campylorhynchus
brunneicapillus
sandiegensis
-- / S2 / SSC / Listed Southern California coastal sage scrub. Wrens require tall cactus for
nesting and roosting.
western snowy plover Charadrius
nivosus nivosus
FT / S3 / SSC / -- Sandy beaches, salt pond levees,
and shores of large alkali lakes.

Needs sandy, gravelly, or friable
soils for nesting.
western yellow-billed
cuckoo
Coccyzus
americanus
occidentalis
FT / SE / S1 / -- Riparian forest nester, along the
broad, lower flood-bottoms of larger
river systems. Nests in riparian
forests of willow, often mixed with
cottonwoods, with well-developed
understories of blackberry, nettles,
or wild grape.
southwestern willow
flycatcher
Empidonax traillii
extimus
FE / SE / S3 / Listed Breeds in dense riparian areas
associated with nearby rivers,
swamps, and wetlands.

California black rail Laterallus
jamaicensis ssp.
coturniculus
-- / ST / S2 / FP /-- Nests in wet meadows, shallow
freshwater marshes, and the
shallower or drier portions of salt
marshes. Winters in shallow coastal
and interior marshes the do not
freeze. Occasionally found in rice
fields. Does not migrate.

Belding’s savannah
sparrow
Passerculus
sandwichensis
beldingi
-- / SE / S3 / -- Locally common non-migratory
resident of coastal saltmarsh. An
obligate breeder in middle elevation
saltmarsh, nearly always
characterized by pickleweed
(Salicornia spp.), either in tidal
situations or non-tidal alkaline flats
nearby. Foraging primarily stems
from saltmarsh and mudflat,
individuals, particularly postbreeding birds, can be found foraging in a wide variety of habitats
including upper marsh, adjacent
ruderal and ornamental vegetation,
open beach and mudflat, and even
dirt and gravel parking lots.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 44
Common Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal / State / CDFW /

OCTA NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
coastal California
gnatcatcher
Polioptila
californica
californica
FT / S2 / SSC / Listed Obligate, permanent resident of
coastal sage scrub below 2500 feet
in southern California. Low, coastal
sage scrub in arid washes and on
mesas and slopes with California
sagebrush (Artemisia californica) as
a dominant or co-dominant species.

Not all areas classified as coastal
sage scrub are occupied.

Hawaiian Petrel Pterodroma
sandwichensis
FE / -- / -- / -- Endemic to Hawaii.
light-footed Ridgway’s
rail
Rallus obsoletus
levipes
FE / SE / S1 / FP / -- Found in salt marshes where
cordgrass and pickleweed are the
dominant vegetation. Requires
dense growth of either pickleweed or
cordgrass for nesting or escape
cover, feeds on mollusks and
crustaceans.
bank swallow Riparia riparia -- / ST / S3 / -- Colonial nester; nests primarily in riparian and other lowland habitats
west of the desert. Requires vertical
banks/cliffs with fine-textured/sandy
soils near streams, rivers, lakes,
ocean to dig nesting hole. Forage in
open areas and avoid places with
tree cover.
black skimmer Rynchops niger -- / S2 / SSC /-- Open sandy beaches, on gravel or shell bars with sparse vegetation, or
on mats of sea wrack (tide-stranded
debris) in saltmarsh. Occasionally
seen at inland lakes such as the
Salton Sea of California. Much of
this species' original beach habitat
has been developed as houses and
attractions for beachgoers.

Particularly in the southeastern U.S.,
artificial islands made from dredge
spoils are an important nesting
habitat for this and other species.
yellow warbler Setophaga
petechia
-- / S3 / SSC /-- Thickets and other disturbed or
regrowing habitats, particularly along
streams and wetlands. Often found
in willow thickets, dwarf birch stands,
aspen trees, and along the edges of
fields. May occur up to 9,000 feet in
elevation. Overwinter in dry scrub,
marshes, and forests of lowlands.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 45
Common Name Scientific Name
Status
Federal / State / CDFW /

OCTA NCCP, HCP
General Habitat Description
California least tern Sternula
antillarum browni
FE / SE / S2 / FP /-- Nests on sandy upper ocean
beaches, open barren sites, and
occasionally uses mudflats. Forages
on adjacent surf line, estuaries, or
the open ocean where fish is
abundant. Colonies are located near
the ocean shoreline (within 0.5 mile
[about 800 meters]), typically on
nearly flat, loose sandy substrates
with lightly scattered short
vegetation and debris, although
some colonies have been located on
hard-packed surfaces, even unused
asphalt. Colony sites must provide
access to the shoreline for juveniles
and must be relatively free of
predators or the colony may
abandon breeding efforts before
completion.
least Bell’s vireo Vireo bellii
pusillus
FE / SE / S3 / Listed Summer resident of southern
California in low riparian in vicinity of
water or in dry river bottoms; below
2000 feet. Often inhabits structurally
diverse woodlands along
watercourses including cottonwoodwillow and oak woodlands and mulefat scrub. Nests placed along
margins of bushes or on twigs
projecting into pathways, usually
willow, mulefat, or mesquite.

General References:

USFWS IPaC 10-mile centered on Project area (accessed January 2024) CNDDB RareFind 10-mile search centered on Project area (accessed January 2024).

Orange County Transportation Authority NCCP/HCP (Accessed 2024) Status Codes:

No status (--)
Federal
Federal Endangered (FE)
Federal Threatened (FT)
Federal Proposed Endangered
(FPE)
Federal Proposed Threatened
(FPT)
Federal Candidate (FC)
State
State Endangered (SE)
State Threatened (ST)
State Candidate (SC)
State Fully Protected Species (FP)
CDFW California Special Concern
Species (SSC)
Included in CDFW “Watch List” (WL)
Critically Imperiled (S1)
Imperiled (S2)
Vulnerable (S3)
Apparently Secure (S4)
Unranked (SNR)
Orange County Transportation
Authority (OCTA) NCCP/HCP
Listed
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 46
Table 8. Special-Status Animal Species and Potential for Occurrence on Each Housing Opportunity Site and Main Street Program Species
Housing Opportunity Site 1. 1780 Pacific CoastHousing Opportunity Site 2. Leisure WorldHousing Opportunity Site 3. Accurate Storage (1011 Seal Beach Blvd.)Housing Opportunity Site

4. Shops at RossmoorHousing Opportunity Site 5. Old Ranch Town CenterHousing Opportunity Site 7. Seal Beach CenterHousing Opportunity Site 6. Seal Beach PlazaHousing Opportunity Site 8. 99 Marina DriveMain Street Program tricolored blackbird N N N N N N N N N
southern California legless lizard N N N N N N N H N
orange-throated whiptail N N N N N N N N N
burrowing owl N N N N N N N N N
Crotch bumble bee N N N N N N N
H
(foraging)
H
(nesting)
N
San Diego fairy shrimp N N N N N N N N N
ferruginous hawk N N N N N N N
M
(foraging)
M
(nesting)
N
Swainson’s hawk N N N N N N N
M
(foraging)
M
(nesting)
N
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 47
Species
Housing Opportunity Site 1. 1780 Pacific CoastHousing Opportunity Site 2. Leisure WorldHousing Opportunity Site 3. Accurate Storage (1011 Seal Beach Blvd.)Housing Opportunity Site

4. Shops at RossmoorHousing Opportunity Site 5. Old Ranch Town CenterHousing Opportunity Site 7. Seal Beach CenterHousing Opportunity Site 6. Seal Beach PlazaHousing Opportunity Site 8. 99 Marina DriveMain Street Program coastal cactus wren N N N N N N N N N
western snowy plover N N N N N N N N N
green turtle N N N N N N N N N
western yellow-billed cuckoo N N N N N N N N N
monarch – California overwintering
population N N N N N N N M (adults)
L (larva)
N
southwestern willow flycatcher N N N N N N N N N
western pond turtle N N N N N N N N N
western mastiff bat N N N N N N N N N
quino checkerspot butterfly N N N N N N N N N
Arroyo chub N N N N N N N N N
Palos Verdes blue butterfly N N N N N N N N N
western yellow bat N N N N N N N N N
California black rail N N N N N N N N N
bobcat N N N N N N N N N ~=====t=C_J___L__j__l____________L______J___~ IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 48
Species
Housing Opportunity Site 1. 1780 Pacific CoastHousing Opportunity Site 2. Leisure WorldHousing Opportunity Site 3. Accurate Storage (1011 Seal Beach Blvd.)Housing Opportunity Site

4. Shops at RossmoorHousing Opportunity Site 5. Old Ranch Town CenterHousing Opportunity Site 7. Seal Beach CenterHousing Opportunity Site 6. Seal Beach PlazaHousing Opportunity Site 8. 99 Marina DriveMain Street Program south coast marsh vole N N N N N N N N N
big free-tailed bat N N N N N N N N N
steelhead – southern California DPS N N N N N N N N N
Belding’s savannah sparrow N N N N N N N
H
(foraging)
H
(nesting)
N
Pacific pocket mouse N N N N N N N N N
short-tailed albatross N N N N N N N N N
coast horned lizard N N N N N N N N N
coastal California gnatcatcher N N N N N N N N N
Hawaiian petrel N N N N N N N N N
light-footed Ridgeway’s rail N N N N N N N N N
bank swallow N N N N N N N N N
black skimmer N N N N N N N N N
yellow warbler N N N N N N N N N
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 49
Species
Housing Opportunity Site 1. 1780 Pacific CoastHousing Opportunity Site 2. Leisure WorldHousing Opportunity Site 3. Accurate Storage (1011 Seal Beach Blvd.)Housing Opportunity Site

4. Shops at RossmoorHousing Opportunity Site 5. Old Ranch Town CenterHousing Opportunity Site 7. Seal Beach CenterHousing Opportunity Site 6. Seal Beach PlazaHousing Opportunity Site 8. 99 Marina DriveMain Street Program southern California saltmarsh shrew N N N N N N N N N
western spadefoot N N N N N N N N N
California least tern N N N N N N N N N
Riverside fairy shrimp N N N N N N N N N
least Bell’s vireo N N N N N N N N N I
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 50

5.5 Wildlife Corridors and Special Linkages
Linkages and corridors facilitate regional animal movement and are generally centered in or around waterways, riparian corridors, flood control channels, contiguous habitat, and upland habitat. Drainages generally serve as movement corridors because wildlife can move easily through these areas, and fresh water is available. Corridors also offer wildlife unobstructed terrain for foraging and for dispersal of young individuals.

As the movements of wildlife species are more intensively studied using radio-tracking devices, there is mounting evidence that some wildlife species do not necessarily restrict their movements to some obvious landscape element, such as a riparian corridor. For example, recent radio-tracking and tagging studies of Coast Range newts, California red-legged frogs, southwestern pond turtles, and two-striped garter snakes found that long-distance dispersal involved radial or perpendicular movements away from a water source with little regard to the orientation of the assumed riparian “movement corridor” (Bulger et al. 2002; Hunt 1993; Ramirez 2002, 2003a, 2003b; Rathbun et al. 1992; Trenham 2002). Likewise, carnivores do not necessarily use riparian corridors as movement corridors, frequently moving overland in a straight line between two points when traversing large distances (Beier 1993, 1995; Newmark 1995; Noss et al. 1996, n.d.). In general, the following corridor functions can be utilized when evaluating impacts to wildlife movement corridors:
• Movement corridors are physical connections that allow wildlife to move between patches of suitable habitat. Simberloff et al. (1992) and Beier and Loe (1992) correctly state that for most species, we do not know what corridor traits (length, width, adjacent land use, etc.) are required for a corridor to be useful. But, as Beier and Loe (1992) also note, the critical features of a movement corridor may not be its physical traits but rather how well a particular piece of land fulfills several functions, including allowing dispersal, plant propagation, genetic interchange, and recolonization following local extirpation.
• Dispersal corridors are relatively narrow, linear landscape features embedded in a dissimilar matrix that link two or more areas of suitable habitat that would otherwise be fragmented and isolated from one another by rugged terrain, changes in vegetation, or human-altered environments. Corridors of habitat are essential to the local and regional population dynamics of a species because they provide physical links for genetic exchange and allow animals to access alternative territories as dictated by fluctuating population densities. • Habitat linkages are broader connections between two or more habitat areas. This term is commonly used as a synonym for a wildlife corridor (Meffe and Carroll 1997). Habitat linkages may themselves serve as source areas for food, water, and cover, particularly for small- and medium-size animals.
• Travel routes are usually landscape features, such as ridgelines, drainages, canyons, or riparian corridors, within larger natural habitat areas that are frequently used by animals to facilitate movement and provide access to water, food, cover, den sites, and other necessary resources.

A travel route is generally preferred by a species because it provides the least amount of IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 5 Special-Status Biological Resources
Project Number: 2042665000 51
topographic resistance in moving from one area to another yet still provides adequate food, water, or cover (Meffe and Carroll 1997).
• Wildlife crossings are small, narrow areas of limited extent that allow wildlife to bypass an obstacle or barrier. Crossings typically are human-made and include culverts, underpasses, drainage pipes, bridges, tunnels to provide access past roads, highways, pipelines, or other physical obstacles. Wildlife crossings often represent “choke points” along a movement corridor because unseable habitat is physically constricted at the crossing by human-induced changes to the surrounding areas (Meffee and Carroll 1997).

5.5.1 WILDLIFE MOVEMENT IN THE PROJECT AREA
The Project area includes disturbed/developed and ruderal herbaceous landcover types. These are comprised of shopping centers and paved parking lots, fenced parks, disturbed open space, and a golf course. The surrounding area is characterized by development, roadways, undeveloped/disturbed open space, agriculture, and the Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge to the southeast of the Project area. Most of the landcover types pose significant barriers to terrestrial wildlife movement including buildings, fences, and multi-lane roadways. These areas may harbor common species habituated to life in urban environments such as Virginia opossum, raccoon, desert cottontail, California ground squirrel, coyote, various birds, and small rodents. In addition, the Project area is within the Pacific Flyway, a major northsouth flyway for migratory birds in America, extending from Alaska to Patagonia. Each year, at least one billion birds migrate along the Pacific Flyway (Audubon 2024).

Within the Project area, the level of urban development and the presence of physical barriers surrounding the Project area would significantly constrain the passage of most large terrestrial wildlife known to occur in the region. Based on the location of the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program, the area do not function as a wildlife movement corridor. The Project area does not occur within any known wildlife movement corridor or habitat linkage as identified by the Wildlands Network (2024).

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 6 Conclusions
Project Number: 2042665000 52
6 Conclusions
Without mitigation, implementation of the proposed Project may result in temporary and permanent impacts to sensitive plant or wildlife species, and wetland habitats. The Applicant proposed the following avoidance and minimization measures (AMMs) to avoid or minimize Project impacts to biological resources during and after construction. These measures represent conservative guidelines in terms of minimizing impacts to vegetation, jurisdictional waters, and wildlife due to construction activities.

6.1 Potential Onsite Impacts
Potential impacts for each of the eight Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program defer based on the habitat present within and adjacent to each location. Below is summary of potential impacts associated with each eight Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program.

Housing Opportunity Site 1 – 1780 Pacific Coast Site. The entirely of this site is developed with commercials stores and paved parking with interspersed trees and does not provide suitable habitat for any special-status plant or animal species, nor does it contain and wetlands or other waters. However, there is potential for bird species protected under the MBTA to be nesting in the trees that a dispersed on this site.

Housing Opportunity Site 2 – Leisure World. The entirely of this site is developed with commercials stores and paved parking with interspersed trees and does not provide suitable habitat for any specialstatus plant or animal species, nor does it contain any wetlands or other waters within its boundary.

However, there is potential for bird species protected under the MBTA to be nesting in the trees that a dispersed on this site.

Housing Opportunity Site 3 – Accurate Storage (1011 Seal Beach Blvd.). The entirely of this site is developed with commercials stores and paved parking with interspersed trees and does not provide suitable habitat for any special-status plant or animal species, nor does it contain any wetland or other waters. However, there is potential for bird species protected under the MBTA to be nesting in the trees that a dispersed on this site.

Housing Opportunity Site 4 – Shops at Rossmoor. The entirely of this site is developed with commercials stores and paved parking with interspersed trees and does not provide suitable habitat for any special-status plant or animal species, nor does it contain any wetland or other water features.

However, there is potential for bird species protected under the MBTA to be nesting in the trees that a dispersed on this site.

Housing Opportunity Site 5 – Old Ranch Town Center. The entirely of this site is developed with commercials stores and paved parking with interspersed trees and does not provide suitable habitat for any special-status plant or animal species, nor does it contain any wetland or other water features within its boundary. However, there is potential for bird species protected under the MBTA to be nesting in the trees that a dispersed on this site.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 6 Conclusions
Project Number: 2042665000 53
Housing Opportunity Site 6 – Seal Beach Plaza. The entirely of this site is developed with commercials stores and paved parking with interspersed trees and does not provide suitable habitat for any specialstatus plant or animal species, nor does it contain any wetland or other waters within its boundary.

However, there is potential for bird species protected under the MBTA to be nesting in the trees that a dispersed on this site.

Housing Opportunity Site 7 – Seal Beach Center. The entirely of this site is developed with commercials stores and paved parking with interspersed trees and does not provide suitable habitat for any special-status plant or animal species, nor does it contain and wetlands or other waters. However, there is potential for bird species protected under the MBTA to be nesting in the trees that a dispersed on this site.

Housing Opportunity Site 8 – 99 Marina. The primary land cover at the 99 Marina site is ruderal herbaceous with interspersed trees and disturbed/developed including a paved parking area and handball court. This site does not contain and wetlands or other waters. This site has a low likelihood for the following species to be present: Coulter’s goldenfields; Coulter’s saltbush; southern tarplant; and monarch butterfly larva; depending on presence of host plant (milkweed). There is a moderate likelihood for the following species to be present: ferruginous hawk (foraging and nesting), Swainson’s hawk (foraging and nesting), and monarch butterfly (foraging adults). Finally, there is a high likelihood for the southern California legless lizard and Belding’s savannah sparrow to be present on Housing Opportunity Site 8.

Project implementation has the potential to impact the above listed species should they be present.

Main Street Program. The entirely of this site is developed with commercials stores and paved parking with interspersed trees and does not provide suitable habitat for any special-status plant or animal species, or does it contain and wetlands or other waters within its boundary. However, there is potential for bird species protected under the MBTA to be nesting in the trees that a dispersed on this site.

Based on the habitat types within and surrounding this Project area, there is a low likelihood for the following species to be present: Coulter’s goldenfields; Coulter’s saltbush; southern tarplant; and monarch butterfly larva, depending on presence of host plant (milkweed). There is a moderate likelihood for the following species to be present: ferruginous hawk (foraging and nesting), Swainson’s hawk (foraging and nesting), and monarch butterfly (foraging adults). Finally, there is a high likelihood for the southern California legless lizards, and Belding’s savannah sparrow to be present at this site.

6.2 Potential Impacts to Adjacent Areas
As described in Section 4.1, areas adjacent to the Project area provide suitable habitat for sensitive species. Housing Opportunity Sites 2 and 4, are adjacent to undeveloped, agricultural, or other open space that may also provide habitat for special-status species.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 7 References
Project Number: 2042665000 54
7 References
Aubry, K. B., L. L. C. Jones, and P. A. Hall. 1988. Use of woody debris by plethodontid salamanders in Douglas-fir in Washington. Pages 32-37 in R. C. Szabo, K. E. Severson, and D. R. Patton, technical coordinators. Management of amphibians, reptiles and small mammals in North America. General technical report RM-166. U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado.

Audubon. 2024. The Pacific Flyaway. Available online: http://www.audubon.org/pacific-flyway. Accessed January 2024.

Baldwin, B.G., D.H. Goldman, D.J. Keil, R. Patterson, T.J. Rosatti, D.H. Wilken (eds.) 2012. The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, 2nd ed. University Press, Berkeley, California.

Beier, P. 1993. Determining minimum habitat areas and habitat corridors for cougars. Conservation Biology, 7: 94-108.
_____. 1995. Dispersal of juvenile cougars in fragmented habitat. Journal of Wildlife Management 59:228 237.

Beier, P. and S. Loe. 1992. A checklist for evaluating impacts to wildlife movement corridors. Wildlife Society Bulletin 20: 434-440.

Bulger, J., N. Scott, and R. Seymour. 2002. Terrestrial activity and conservation of adult California red legged frogs (Rana aurora draytonii) in coastal forests and grasslands. Biol. Conservation 15: 234 245.

CDFW (California Department of Fish and Wildlife). 2024a. RAREFIND database. January 2024 Electronic database managed by the California Natural Diversity Data Base (CNDDB). State and Federally Listed Endangered and Threatened Plants and Animals, Species of Special Concern, Rare Plants, Sensitive Natural Communities. Wildlife Data and Habitat Analysis Branch, California Department of Fish and Wildlife. Sacramento, CA.

CDFW. 2024b. Special Animals List. Online:
https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=109406&inline. Accessed January 2024.

City of Seal Beach. 2003. City of Seal Beach General Plan. Available online: https://www.sealbeachca. gov/Departments/Community-Development/Planning-Development/General-Plan. Accessed January 2024.

CNPS (California Native Plant Society). 2024. Inventory of rare and endangered plants (online). California Native Plant Society. Sacramento. Online: http://www.cnps.org/inventory. Accessed January 2024.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 7 References
Project Number: 2042665000 55
Cowardin, L. M., Carter, V., Golet, F., LaRoe, E. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States. U.S. Department of the Interior. Fish and Wildlife Service.

NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). 2024. Green Turtle. Online:
https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/green-turtle. Accessed January 2024.

NRCS (Natural Resource Conservation Service). 2024. Web Soil Survey 2.0. http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/. Website accessed January 2024.

County of Orange. 2005. County of Orange General Plan. Accessed online: https://www.ocgov.com/ gov/pw/cd/planning/generalplan2005.asp. Accessed January 2024.

OCTA (Orange County Transportation Authority). 2009. Orange County Transportation Authority/ California Department of Transportation Natural Community Conservation Plan/Habitat Conservation Plan (NCCP/HCP).
https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=16025&inline. Accessed online January 2024.

Hunt, L.E. 1993. Relocation and movements of southwestern pond turtles (Clemmys marmorata pallida), upper Santa Ynez River, Santa Barbara County, California. Prep. for the City of Santa Barbara and U.S. Forest Service. 135 pp.

Maser, C. and J.M. Trappe, tech eds. 1984. The seen and unseen world of the fallen tree. Gen. Tech.

Rep. PNW-164. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 56 p.

Meffe, G.K. and C.R. Carroll. 1997. Principles of conservation biology. Sinauer Associates, New York, NY.

Newmark, W. 1995. Extinction of mammal populations in western North American national parks.

Conservation Biology, 9: 512-526.

Noss, R., P. Beier, and W. Shaw. n.d. Evaluation of the Coal Canyon biological corridor, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties, California. Unpub. ms. 19 pp Noss, R., H.

Quigley, M. Hornocker, T. Merrill, and P. Paquet. 1996. Conservation biology and carnivore conservation in the Rocky Mountains. Conservation Biology 10:949-963.

Ramirez, R. 2003a. Arroyo toad (Bufo californicus) radio telemetry study, San Juan Creek, Orange County, California. Prep. for Rancho Mission Viejo LLC, San Juan Capistrano, CA. October. 64 pp.
_____. 2003b. Arroyo toad (Bufo californicus) hydrogeomorphic habitat baseline analysis/radio telemetry study, Rancho Las Flores, San Bernardino County, CA. November. 110 pp. _____. 2002. Arroyo toad (Bufo californicus) radio telemetry and pitfall trapping studies, Little Horsethief Canyon, Summit Valley Ranch, San Bernardino County, California. Prep. for CALTRANS, Dept. of Transportation, San Bernardino, CA. April. 92 pp.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES 7 References
Project Number: 2042665000 56
Rathbun, G.N. Siepel, and D. Holland. 1992. Nesting behavior and movements of western pond turtles (Clemmys marmorata). Southwestern Naturalist 37(3):319-324.

Sawyer et al. 2009. Manual of California Vegetation, 2nd edition. Online Manual. Online:
https://www.cnps.org/vegetation/manual-of-california-vegetation. Accessed January 2024.

Simberloff, D., J.A. Farr, J. Cox and D.W. Mehlman. 1992. Movement corridors: Conservation bargains or poor investments? Conservation Biology 6(4): 493-504.

Wildlands Network. 2024. California Wildlife Crossing Database. Online:
https://wn.maps.arcgis.com/apps/instant/sidebar/index.html?appid=e16c15ec12724112866fd6da 02f5a77a. Accessed January 2024.

Trenham, P. 2002. Herpetologist, USGS. Conversation regarding dispersal movements of radio-tagged California newts (Taricha torosa) in Monterey County, California. June.

USACE and CDFG (United States Army Corps of Engineers and California Department of Fish and Game). 2010. Newhall Ranch Resource Management and Development Plan and Spineflower Conservation Plan Joint Environmental Impact Statement and Environmental Impact Report. SCH No. 2000011025.

USACE and USEPA. 2008. Clean Water Act Jurisdiction Following the U.S. Supreme Court's Decision in Rapanos v. United States & Carabell v. United States. USACE and USEPA Memorandum.

Available at: https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016- 02/documents/cwa_jurisdiction_following_rapanos120208.pdf. Accessed October 2024.

U.S. Climate Data. 2024. Climate Long Beach - California. Online:
https://www.usclimatedata.com/climate/long-beach/california/united-states/usca0632. Accessed January 2024.

USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). 2024a. Information for Planning and Consulting (IPaC). Online:
https://ipac.ecosphere.fws.gov/. Accessed January 2024.

USFWS. 2024b. National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) GIS data. Online:
https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/data/data-download.html. Accessed January 2024.

USFWS. 2024c. Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge. Online: https://www.fws.gov/refuge/seal-beach.

Accessed January 2024.

USFWS. 2024d. Environmental Conservation Online System (ECOS) Online Mapper. Online:
https://fws.maps.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=9d8de5e265ad4fe09893cf75b 8dbfb77. Accessed January 2024.

USGS (U.S. Geological Survey). 2022. National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) GIS data. Online:
usgs.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapTools/index.html?appid=41a5c2ca49bd4a83b239450e61022d53 Accessed January 2024.

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES Project Number: 2042665000

APPENDICES
IJ

CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES Figures
Appendix A Figures
Figure 1-1. Project Location Overview
Figure 2-1. Soils
Figure 3-1. National Wetland Inventory
Figure 4-1 – 4-6. 10 Mile CNDDB Results
Figure 5-1. Regulated and Protected Areas
I
I
I
I
3 1
8 2
5 7
6 4
1 - 1
City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
Project Location
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024.

3. Background: World Street Map: City of Long Beach, Bureau of Land Management, Esri, HERE, Garmin, INCREMENT P, NGA,
USGS
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Sites
Main Street Program
Soil Map Unit Symbol
100; Alo clay, 9 to 15 percent slopes
123; Bolsa silt loam, drained
125; Bolsa silty clay loam, drained
162; Marina loamy sand, 2 to 9
percent slopes
173; Myford sandy loam, 2 to 9
percent slopes
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
Soils
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024. Soils from NRCS 2024.

3. Background: NAIP 2022 60cm California: California 60cm NAIP Imagery 2022.
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City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
National Wetlands Inventory
Estuarine and Marine Deepwater
Estuarine and Marine Wetland
Freshwater Emergent Wetland
Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland
Freshwater Pond
Riverine
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
National Wetlands Inventory
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024. NWI from USFWS 2023.

3. Background: NAIP 2022 60cm California: California 60cm NAIP Imagery 2022.
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iel
River
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City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
10 Mile Search Radius
10 Mile CNDDB Results
Plants
Davidson's saltscale
Brand's star phacelia
California Orcutt grass
southern tarplant
Coulter's saltbush
Los Angeles sunflower
coast woolly-heads
Coulter's goldfields
decumbent goldenbush
Terrestrial Communities
Southern Cottonwood Willow Riparian
Forest
Southern Coastal Salt Marsh
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
10 Mile CNDDB Results - Plants &
Terrestrial Communities
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024. CNDDB from CDFW 2024.

3. Background: World Imagery: Earthstar Geographics California 60cm NAIP Imagery 2022.
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Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
10 Mile Search Radius
10 Mile CNDDB Results
Plants
chaparral sand-verbena
smooth tarplant
mud nama
!( (!!(
Lyon's pentachaeta
lucky morning-glory
salt marsh bird's-beak
Gambel's water cress
Parish's brittlescale
San Bernardino aster
prostrate vernal pool navarretia
salt spring checkerbloom
estuary seablite
[ [
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Sanford's arrowhead
Horn's milk-vetch
Terrestrial Communities
Southern Foredunes
Southern Dune Scrub
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
10 Mile CNDDB Results - Plants &
Terrestrial Communities
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024. CNDDB from CDFW 2024.

3. Background: World Imagery: Earthstar Geographics
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City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
10 Mile Search Radius
10 Mile CNDDB Results
Wildlife
American bumble bee
Belding's savannah sparrow
California black rail
California brown pelican
California least tern
Crotch bumble bee
Dorothy's El Segundo Dune weevil
Pacific pocket mouse
Palos Verdes blue butterfly
San Gabriel chestnut
Southern California legless lizard
(!!( Swainson's hawk
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
10 Mile CNDDB Results - Wildlife
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024. CNDDB from CDFW 2024.

3. Background: World Imagery: Earthstar Geographics
(At original document size of 8.5x11) "( 1:38,006,721
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City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
10 Mile Search Radius
10 Mile CNDDB Results
Wildlife
bank swallow
big free-tailed bat
black skimmer
burrowing owl
coast horned lizard
coastal California gnatcatcher
coastal cactus wren
ferruginous hawk
globose dune beetle
green turtle
least Bell's vireo
light-footed Ridgway's rail
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
10 Mile CNDDB Results - Wildlife
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024. CNDDB from CDFW 2024.

3. Background: World Imagery: Earthstar Geographics
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San Gabr
iel
River
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City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
10 Mile Search Radius
10 Mile CNDDB Results
Wildlife
mimic tryonia (=California brackishwater
snail)
monarch - California overwintering
population
quino checkerspot butterfly
sandy beach tiger beetle
senile tiger beetle
silver-haired bat
south coast marsh vole
southern California saltmarsh shrew
steelhead - southern California DPS
tricolored blackbird
wandering (=saltmarsh) skipper
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
10 Mile CNDDB Results - Wildlife
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024. CNDDB from CDFW 2024.

3. Background: World Imagery: Earthstar Geographics
(At original document size of 8.5x11) "( 1:38,006,721
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i
ca Ch
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e
L
l
os Alamitos Channel
San
Gabriel River
4 - 6
City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
10 Mile Search Radius
10 Mile CNDDB Results
Wildlife
western beach tiger beetle
western mastiff bat
western pond turtle
western ridged mussel
western snowy plover
western spadefoot
western tidal-flat tiger beetle
western yellow bat
western yellow-billed cuckoo
yellow warbler
yellow-breasted chat
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
10 Mile CNDDB Results - Wildlife
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024. CNDDB from CDFW 2024.

3. Background: World Imagery: Earthstar Geographics
(At original document size of 8.5x11) "( 1:38,006,721
$$
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Miles
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6 4
Orange County
Transportation
Authority NCCP/HCP
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Los Alamitos Channel
San Gabriel River
5 - 1
City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
Conservation Plan Boundaries, HCP
and NCCP
California Protected Areas
Coastal Zone Management Act
Boundary
Local Coastal Program Segments
City of Long Beach
City of Seal Beach
SEADIP (Cerritos Wetlands) ADC
Seal Beach - NWR - US Naval
Weapons Station
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-21 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-21
TR by SET on 2024-10-21
IR by JV on 2024-10-21
Regulated and Protected Areas
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024.

3. Background: NAIP 2022 60cm California: California 60cm NAIP Imagery 2022.
(At original document size of 8.5x11) "( 1:38,006,721
$$
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0 1,000 2,000
Feet
() Stantec
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CITY OF SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND ZONING CODE UPDATES USFWS IPaC Species List
Appendix B USFWS IPaC Species List
January 16, 2024
United States Department of the Interior

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Carlsbad Fish And Wildlife Office
2177 Salk Avenue - Suite 250
Carlsbad, CA 92008-7385
Phone: (760) 431-9440 Fax: (760) 431-5901
In Reply Refer To:

Project Code: 2024-0036735
Project Name: City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Subject: List of threatened and endangered species that may occur in your proposed project location or may be affected by your proposed project
To Whom It May Concern:

The enclosed species list identifies threatened, endangered, proposed, and candidate species, as well as proposed and final designated critical habitat, that may occur within the boundary of your proposed project and/or may be affected by your proposed project. The species list fulfills the requirements of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) under section 7(c) of the Endangered Species Act (Act) of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).

New information based on updated surveys, changes in the abundance and distribution of species, changed habitat conditions, or other factors could change this list. Please feel free to contact us if you need more current information or assistance regarding the potential impacts to federally proposed, listed, and candidate species and federally designated and proposed critical habitat. Please note that under 50 CFR 402.12(e) of the regulations implementing section 7 of the Act, the accuracy of this species list should be verified after 90 days. This verification can be completed formally or informally as desired. The Service recommends that verification be completed by visiting the IPaC website at regular intervals during project planning and implementation for updates to species lists and information. An updated list may be requested through IPaC by completing the same process used to receive the enclosed list.

The purpose of the Act is to provide a means whereby threatened and endangered species and the ecosystems upon which they depend may be conserved. Under sections 7(a)(1) and 7(a)(2) of the Act and its implementing regulations (50 CFR 402 et seq.), Federal agencies are required to utilize their authorities to carry out programs for the conservation of threatened and endangered species and to determine whether projects may affect threatened and endangered species and/or designated critical habitat.

A Biological Assessment is required for construction projects (or other undertakings having similar physical impacts) that are major Federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment as defined in the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4332(2) (c)). For projects other than major construction activities, the Service suggests that a biological Project code: 2024-0036735 01/16/2024
2 of 8
▪
evaluation similar to a Biological Assessment be prepared to determine whether the project may affect listed or proposed species and/or designated or proposed critical habitat. Recommended contents of a Biological Assessment are described at 50 CFR 402.12.

If a Federal agency determines, based on the Biological Assessment or biological evaluation, that listed species and/or designated critical habitat may be affected by the proposed project, the agency is required to consult with the Service pursuant to 50 CFR 402. In addition, the Service recommends that candidate species, proposed species and proposed critical habitat be addressed within the consultation. More information on the regulations and procedures for section 7 consultation, including the role of permit or license applicants, can be found in the "Endangered Species Consultation Handbook" at: https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/ endangered-species-consultation-handbook.pdf
Migratory Birds: In addition to responsibilities to protect threatened and endangered species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), there are additional responsibilities under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA) to protect native birds from project-related impacts. Any activity, intentional or unintentional, resulting in take of migratory birds, including eagles, is prohibited unless otherwise permitted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (50 C.F.R. Sec. 10.12 and 16 U.S.C. Sec. 668(a)). For more information regarding these Acts, see Migratory Bird Permit | What We Do | U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (fws.gov).

The MBTA has no provision for allowing take of migratory birds that may be unintentionally killed or injured by otherwise lawful activities. It is the responsibility of the project proponent to comply with these Acts by identifying potential impacts to migratory birds and eagles within applicable NEPA documents (when there is a federal nexus) or a Bird/Eagle Conservation Plan (when there is no federal nexus). Proponents should implement conservation measures to avoid or minimize the production of project-related stressors or minimize the exposure of birds and their resources to the project-related stressors. For more information on avian stressors and recommended conservation measures, see https://www.fws.gov/library/collections/threats-birds.

In addition to MBTA and BGEPA, Executive Order 13186: Responsibilities of Federal Agencies to Protect Migratory Birds, obligates all Federal agencies that engage in or authorize activities that might affect migratory birds, to minimize those effects and encourage conservation measures that will improve bird populations. Executive Order 13186 provides for the protection of both migratory birds and migratory bird habitat. For information regarding the implementation of Executive Order 13186, please visit https://www.fws.gov/partner/council-conservationmigratory-birds.

We appreciate your concern for threatened and endangered species. The Service encourages Federal agencies to include conservation of threatened and endangered species into their project planning to further the purposes of the Act. Please include the Consultation Code in the header of this letter with any request for consultation or correspondence about your project that you submit to our office.

Attachment(s):

Official Species List
Project code: 2024-0036735 01/16/2024
3 of 8

OFFICIAL SPECIES LIST
This list is provided pursuant to Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, and fulfills the requirement for Federal agencies to "request of the Secretary of the Interior information whether any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be present in the area of a proposed action".

This species list is provided by:

Carlsbad Fish And Wildlife Office
2177 Salk Avenue - Suite 250
Carlsbad, CA 92008-7385
(760) 431-9440
Project code: 2024-0036735 01/16/2024
4 of 8

PROJECT SUMMARY
Project Code: 2024-0036735
Project Name: City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project Type: Residential Construction
Project Description: BRTR
Project Location:

The approximate location of the project can be viewed in Google Maps: https:// www.google.com/maps/@33.76080425,-118.09023313760493,14z Counties: Los Angeles and Orange counties, California
Lon B aoo
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Project code: 2024-0036735 01/16/2024
5 of 8

1. ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT SPECIES
There is a total of 16 threatened, endangered, or candidate species on this species list.

Species on this list should be considered in an effects analysis for your project and could include species that exist in another geographic area. For example, certain fish may appear on the species list because a project could affect downstream species.

IPaC does not display listed species or critical habitats under the sole jurisdiction of NOAA Fisheries , as USFWS does not have the authority to speak on behalf of NOAA and the Department of Commerce.

See the "Critical habitats" section below for those critical habitats that lie wholly or partially within your project area under this office's jurisdiction. Please contact the designated FWS office if you have questions.

NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of Commerce.

MAMMALS

NAME STATUS
Pacific Pocket Mouse Perognathus longimembris pacificus No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8080
Endangered
1 Project code: 2024-0036735 01/16/2024
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BIRDS

NAME STATUS
California Least Tern Sternula antillarum browni
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8104
Endangered
Coastal California Gnatcatcher Polioptila californica californica There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location overlaps the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8178
Threatened
Hawaiian Petrel Pterodroma sandwichensis
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6746
Endangered
Least Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii pusillus
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5945
Endangered
Light-footed Ridgeway''''s Rail Rallus obsoletus levipes No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6035
Endangered
Short-tailed Albatross Phoebastria (=Diomedea) albatrus No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/433
Endangered
Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6749
Endangered
Western Snowy Plover Charadrius nivosus nivosus
Population: Pacific Coast population DPS-U.S.A. (CA, OR, WA), Mexico (within 50 miles of Pacific coast)
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location overlaps the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8035
Threatened

REPTILES

NAME STATUS
Southwestern Pond Turtle Actinemys pallida
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/4768
Proposed
Threatened

INSECTS

NAME STATUS
Monarch Butterfly Danaus plexippus
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9743
Candidate
Project code: 2024-0036735 01/16/2024
7 of 8

CRUSTACEANS

NAME STATUS
Riverside Fairy Shrimp Streptocephalus woottoni
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8148
Endangered
San Diego Fairy Shrimp Branchinecta sandiegonensis
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6945
Endangered

FLOWERING PLANTS

NAME STATUS
Salt Marsh Bird's-beak Cordylanthus maritimus ssp. maritimus No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6447
Endangered
San Diego Button-celery Eryngium aristulatum var. parishii No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5937
Endangered
Ventura Marsh Milk-vetch Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/1160
Endangered

CRITICAL HABITATS
There are 2 critical habitats wholly or partially within your project area under this office's jurisdiction.

NAME STATUS
Coastal California Gnatcatcher Polioptila californica californica https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8178#crithab
Final
Western Snowy Plover Charadrius nivosus nivosus
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8035#crithab
Final
Project code: 2024-0036735 01/16/2024
8 of 8

IPAC USER CONTACT INFORMATION
Agency: Stantec
Name: Allison Loveless
Address: 9797 Aero Drive
Address Line 2: Suite 310
City: San Diego
State: CA
Zip: 92123
Email [email protected]
Phone: 5303559748
Appendix D
Cultural Resources
Assessment

CULTURAL RESOURCES

ASSESSMENT REPORT
City of Seal Beach Housing Element and
Zoning Code Updates Project
April 18, 2025
Prepared for:

City of Seal Beach
211 Eight Street
Seal Beach, CA 90740
Prepared by:

Emily Rinaldi-Williams
E. Timothy Jones, M.A., RPA
Stantec Consulting Services Inc.
801 S. Figueroa Street, Suite 300
Los Angeles, CA 90017
Stantec Project Number: 2042665000
() Stantec
Cultural Resources Assessment Report
IJ Project Number: 2042665000
Cultural Resources Assessment Report
Project Number: 2042665000
The conclusions in the Report titled Cultural Resources Assessment Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project are Stantec’s professional opinion, as of the time of the Report, and concerning the scope described in the Report. The opinions in the document are based on conditions and information existing at the time the scope of work was conducted and do not take into account any subsequent changes. The Report relates solely to the specific project for which Stantec was retained and the stated purpose for which the Report was prepared. The Report is not to be used or relied on for any variation or extension of the project, or for any other project or purpose, and any unauthorized use or reliance is at the recipient’s own risk.

This Report is intended solely for use by the Client in accordance with Stantec’s contract with the Client.

Prepared by:

Signature
Emily Rinaldi-Williams
Printed Name
Reviewed by:

Signature
E. Timothy Jones
Printed Name
Approved by:

Signature
Susan Davis
Printed Name
IJ
Cultural Resources Assessment Report
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Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...........................................................................................................III Preparer Qualifications..................................................................................................................................iv 1 PROJECT OVERVIEW................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Project Description ........................................................................................................................ 1

1.2 Project Location............................................................................................................................. 1 2 REGULATORY CONTEXT ........................................................................................... 5

2.1 National Register of Historic Places .............................................................................................. 5

2.2 California Register of Historical Resources................................................................................... 6

2.3 California Environmental Quality Act............................................................................................. 7

2.4 Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52)............................................................................................................... 8

2.5 California Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5....................................................................... 9

2.6 California Public Resources Code Section 5097.98 ..................................................................... 9

2.7 City of Seal Beach....................................................................................................................... 10 3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND CULTURAL SETTINGS .....................................................11

3.1 Housing Opportunity Sites Description........................................................................................ 11

3.2 Archaeological and Ethnographic Contexts ................................................................................ 26

3.2.1 Precontact Archaeology .............................................................................................................. 26

3.2.2 Ethnography ................................................................................................................................ 28

3.3 History of Seal Beach, 1857‒2000.............................................................................................. 29 4 RESEARCH AND METHODS.....................................................................................34

4.1 CHRIS Records Search............................................................................................................... 34

4.1.1 P-30-000143 (CA-ORA-143)....................................................................................................... 34

4.1.2 P-30-000264 (CA-ORA-264)....................................................................................................... 35

4.1.3 P-30-001546................................................................................................................................ 35

4.2 California Built Environment Resource Directory ........................................................................ 35

4.3 NAHC Sacred Lands File and Tribal Outreach ........................................................................... 35

4.4 Additional Research .................................................................................................................... 36 5 ANALYSIS OF PROJECT IMPACTS ON CULTURAL RESOURCES........................38

5.1 Impacts to Built-Environment Historical Resources .................................................................... 38

5.2 Impacts to Archaeological Resources ......................................................................................... 40 6 CONCLUSIONS..........................................................................................................42 7 REFERENCES ...........................................................................................................43

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Housing Opportunity Sites .............................................................................................................. 2 Table 2. Estimated Year Built for Properties within Housing Opportunity Sites .........................................11 Table 3. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources in Project Area ............................................................34 Table 4. Previously Recorded BERD Resources .......................................................................................35

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 – Project Location and Vicinity........................................................................................................ 3 Figure 2 – Project Location ........................................................................................................................... 4 IJ
Cultural Resources Assessment Report
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Cultural Resources Assessment Report
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Executive Summary
Stantec Consulting Services Inc. (Stantec) prepared this Cultural Resources Assessment Report on behalf of the City of Seal Beach (City) for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project (Project). The Project identifies eight Housing Opportunity Sites throughout the City that have the potential for providing additional housing to meet the City’s Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA). Additionally, the Project includes the Main Street Program area. The sites are broken into two categories: (a) underutilized sites that do not require zoning code changes and (b) sites where zoning modifications are proposed because the current capacity of these underutilized sites is not sufficient to fully accommodate the RHNA in all income categories.

The Project is subject to compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), which requires the lead agency to assess whether a discretionary project would impact historical resources inclusive of historic built environment resources, precontact and historic archaeological resources, and tribal cultural resources. The City is the CEQA lead agency for the Project. In accordance with relevant state guidelines for cultural resources, this report identifies and documents potential cultural resources on or near the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program and assesses the Project’s potential to result in a substantial adverse change to the significance of an archaeological or historical resource pursuant to Title 14 California Code of Regulations (CCR) §15064.5.

For this Cultural Resources Assessment Report, the Project area is defined as the eight Housing Opportunity Sites dispersed throughout Seal Beach as well as the Main Street Specific Plan area. To identify any listed or previously surveyed cultural resources on the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program, a records search was conducted at the South Central Coastal Information Center (SCCIC) of the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS). The records search identified three precontact archaeological sites at, or in the vicinity of, one of the proposed Housing Opportunity Sites: P-30-000143, P-30-000246, and P-30-001546. These sites contain dietary shell, ground stone, and flaked stone artifacts. Two of these sites have reported Native American skeletal remains. Additionally, a Sacred Lands File search conducted at the Native American Heritage Commission yielded a “positive” result. The City is currently undertaking outreach and consultation with local Native American tribes to assess the Project’s potential impacts to tribal cultural resources.

The threshold for determining significant impacts on historical resources in the CEQA Guidelines is whether the proposed project would cause a substantial adverse change, which is defined as demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration, of the resource or its immediate vicinity such that the historical resource is materially impaired. The Project has the potential to have direct, indirect, and/or cumulative impacts on historical resources and archaeological cultural resources. Project impacts to builtenvironment historical resources may be potentially significant. Implementation of the recommended mitigation measures discussed in this report by the lead agency would reduce the impact to historical resources. With implementation of recommended mitigation measures, the Project’s impacts to builtenvironment historical resources would be less than significant. Project impacts to archaeological IJ
Cultural Resources Assessment Report
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cultural resources and human remains may also be potentially significant, and mitigation is proposed to reduce this impact to less than significant.

Preparer Qualifications
Stantec personnel who meet the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualification Standards in architectural history, history, and/or archaeology as defined in 36 CFR Part 61 prepared this report.

Stantec staff who prepared this report consist of Emily Rinaldi-Williams, E. Timothy Jones, and Althea Wunderler-Selby. Ms. Rinaldi is a Stantec Senior Architectural Historian who received a Master of Science degree in Historic Preservation from Columbia University and has more than nine years of cultural resources management experience. Ms. Rinaldi-Williams qualifies as an Architectural Historian and Historian under the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualification Standards. E. Timothy Jones is a Stantec Principal Archaeologist who received a Master of Arts degree in Cultural Resources Management from Sonoma State University. He is a Registered Professional Archaeologist with 23 years of cultural resources management experience and qualifies as an Archeologist under the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualification Standards. Ms. Wunderler-Selby is a Stantec Architectural Historian who holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in History from the University of Rhode Island and a Master of Science degree in Historic Preservation from the University of Oregon. She has five years of cultural resources management experience and qualifies as an Architectural Historian and Historian under the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualification Standards.

IJ
Cultural Resources Assessment Report
1 Project Overview
Project Number: 2042665000 1
1 Project Overview

1.1 Project Description
The Seal Beach City Council adopted the City of Seal Beach’s Housing Element Update on February 7, 2022. In response to the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) comment, the City updated the Housing Element Update on August 24, 2023. The Housing Element Update was then updated again in March 2024 in response to comments received from HCD. The most up-to-date version of the Housing Element Update is from August 2024. The City prepared the Housing Element Update to comply with the legal mandate requiring each local government to identify adequate sites for housing to meet the existing and projected housing needs for varying income-levels in the community. It is intended to provide the City with a comprehensive strategy for promoting the production of safe, decent, and affordable housing and affirmatively furthering fair housing during the housing cycle.

The City's latest Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) allocation calls for 1,243 new housing units, including 459 new units for residents in the low- and very low-income categories. The Project involves implementation of the Housing Element and Zoning Code Update, including establishment of the new zoning designation and rezoning of sites resulting from Project implementation which would result in increased densification of residential uses.

The Housing Element Update identifies Housing Opportunity Sites throughout the City, as shown on Figure 2, that have the potential for providing additional housing to meet the City’s RHNA allocation. The sites are broken into two categories: (a) underutilized sites that do not require zoning code changes and (b) sites where zoning modifications are proposed. The Housing Element Update identifies eight Housing Opportunity Sites, two of which are underutilized sites that do not require rezoning and the remaining six sites are proposed for zoning modifications.

In addition to the Housing Opportunity Sites, the Housing Element Update includes a proposal of the Main Street Program. The Housing Element Update’s Main Street Program does not identify specific Housing Opportunity Sites but would modify the existing Main Street Specific Plan to allow for residential units to be developed at select properties located within the Main Street Specific Plan area.

In addition to the Housing Opportunity Sites and the Main Street Program, the site location of the residential component of the Old Ranch Country Club (ORCC) Specific Plan Project is reviewed at a programmatic level; however, the information provided herein is for informational purposes only and a standalone Environmental Impact Report (EIR) is being prepared for the ORCC Specific Plan Project.

For a full project description, see the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project Draft Environmental Impact Report (Stantec 2024).

1.2 Project Location
The Project area currently comprises eight Housing Opportunity Sites dispersed throughout the City of Seal Beach and totaling approximately 83.45 acres. However, the majority of the Housing Opportunity IJ
Cultural Resources Assessment Report
1 Project Overview
Project Number: 2042665000 2
Sites would only allow for development within portions of the overall Housing Opportunity Site due to existing development, and therefore, the total developable acres for the Housing Opportunity Sites would total 35.05 acres. Additionally, the Project area includes the Main Street Specific Plan area. The Main Street Program falls within the boundaries of the existing 21-acre Main Street Specific Plan area located within the City and the development potential for the Main Street Program is not based on potential developable acreage but rather the number of units that could be developed at select locations within the Main Street Specific Plan area.

The City is located at the northwestern edge of Orange County (County), California. It borders the City of Long Beach and Los Angeles County to the northwest, the Orange County Cities of Los Alamitos to the north, Westminster to the east, Huntington Beach to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. The City has a land area of approximately 13 square miles (Figure 1). The locations of the eight identified sites are shown in Figure 2 and listed in Table 1.

Table 1. Housing Opportunity Sites
Site
No. Site Name Location Assessor Parcel Number(s)
1 1780 Pacific Coast Hwy 1780 Pacific Coast Hwy 199-061-01 2 Leisure World 13681 El Dorado Dr 095-691-04
3 Accurate Storage 1011 Seal Beach Blvd 095-791-18
4 The Shops at Rossmoor 12343 Seal Beach Blvd 086-492-51 5 Old Ranch Town Center
East side of Seal Beach
Blvd between Plymouth Dr
and St. Cloud Dr
130-861-14, -15, -16, -17, -18, -
19, -20, -21, -22, -23, -24, -25, -
26, -27
6 Seal Beach Plaza
West side of Seal Beach
Blvd between Westminster
Blvd and St. Andrews Dr
095-641-44, -49, -55, -56, -57
7 Seal Beach Center 901 Pacific Coast Hwy,
1111 Pacific Coast Hwy
043-260-02, -05
8 99 Marina Drive 99 Marina Dr 199-011-10
IJ
1 City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
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City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-17
IR by TJ on 2024-10-17
Project Location and Vicinity
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

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Notes

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2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024.

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City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-17
IR by TJ on 2024-10-17
Project Location
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

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2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024.

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City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-17
IR by TJ on 2024-10-17
Project Location
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California V FIPS 0405 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024.

3. Background: World Topographic Map: City of Long Beach, County of Los Angeles, Bureau of Land Management, Esri, HERE, Garmin, INCREMENT P, USGS, METI/NASA, EPA,
USDA
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Cultural Resources Assessment Report
2 Regulatory Context
Project Number: 2042665000 5
2 Regulatory Context
Generally, a lead agency must consider a property a historical resource under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)—inclusive of historic built resources and precontact/historic archaeological resources—if it is eligible for the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR), which is modeled after the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). A property is presumed to be historically significant if it is listed in a local register of historical resources or has been identified as historically significant in a historic resources survey (provided certain statutory criteria and requirements are satisfied) unless a preponderance of evidence demonstrates that the property is not historically or culturally significant. A lead agency may also treat a resource as historical if it meets statutory requirements and substantial evidence supports the conclusion.

2.1 National Register of Historic Places
The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, authorized the creation of the NRHP. The NRHP is "an authoritative guide to be used by federal, state, and local governments, private groups, and citizens to identify the nation's cultural resources and to indicate what properties should be considered for protection from destruction or impairment (Title 36 CFR Part 60.2).” For a property to be considered eligible for the NRHP, it must typically be at least 50 years old and meet one or more of four criteria for evaluation set forth in 36 Code of Federal Regulations Part 60.4:

The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association and:

A. That are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or
B. That are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or C. That embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or that represent the work of a master or that possess high artistic values or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or D. That have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history (Title 36 CFR Part 60.4).

A property must also be significant within a historic context under one or more of the criteria listed above. “National Register Bulletin #15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation” states that the significance of a historic property can be judged only when it is evaluated within its historic context.

Historic contexts are “those patterns, themes, or trends in history by which a specific...property or site is understood and its meaning...is made clear (Title 36 CFR Part 60.4).” A historic property must therefore represent an important aspect of history or prehistory.

In addition to possessing significance, a property must possess integrity, defined by seven aspects:

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Location: the place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event took place.

Design: the composition of elements that constitute the form, plan, space, structure, and style of a property.

Setting: the physical environment of a historic property that illustrates the character of the place.

Materials: the physical elements combined in a particular pattern or configuration.

Workmanship: the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period of history.

Feeling: the quality that a historic property has in evoking the aesthetic or historic sense of a past period of time.

Association: the direct link between a property and the event or person for which the property is significant (Andrus and Shrimpton undated).

2.2 California Register of Historical Resources
The CRHR was established in 1992 by Assembly Bill 2881. It is an authoritative guide used by state and local agencies, private groups, and citizens to identify historical resources and to indicate what properties are to be protected, to the extent prudent and feasible, from substantial adverse impacts (Andrus and Shrimpton undated). The criteria for eligibility of listing in the CRHR are based upon the NRHP criteria, and are identified as 1‒4 instead of A‒D. To be eligible for the CRHR, a property generally must be at least 50 years of age and must possess significance at the local, state, or national level, under one or more of these four criteria:

1. It is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history, or the cultural heritage of California or the United States; or

2. It is associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or national history; or

3. It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values; or

4. It has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important in the prehistory or history of the local area, California, or the nation.

Like the NRHP, properties eligible for the CRHR may include buildings, sites, structures, objects, and districts. The enabling legislation for the CRHR is less rigorous than the NRHP with regard to the issue of integrity, yet the expectation is that eligible properties should retain enough of their historic-period character or appearance to be recognizable as historical resources and to convey the reasons for their significance (California OHP undated).

Evaluations for the CRHR are based upon the evaluation instructions and classification system prescribed by the California Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) in its “Instructions for Recording IJ
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Historical Resources,” which include Status Codes to classify potential historical resources. These Status Codes are used statewide in the preparation of historical resource surveys and evaluation reports. The specific Status Codes referred to in this report are:
2S2 Individually determined eligible for the NRHP by consensus through Section 106 process.

Listed in the CRHR.
5S1 Individually listed or designated locally.
6Y Determined ineligible for the NRHP by consensus through Section 106 process – Not evaluated for CRHR or local listing. Appears individually eligible for the NRHP through survey evaluation.
7P State Point of Historical Interest that does not meet the CRHR criteria.

The CRHR may include properties identified during historic resource surveys. However, properties included must be based on surveys that meet these criteria:

1. The survey has been or will be included in the State Historic Resources Inventory;

2. The survey and the survey documentation were prepared in accordance with office (OHP) procedures and requirements;

3. The resource is evaluated and determined by the office (OHP) to have a significance rating of Category 1 to 5 on a DPR Form 523; and

4. If the survey is five or more years old at the time of its nomination for inclusion in the CRHR, the survey is updated to identify historical resources that have become eligible or ineligible due to changed circumstances or further documentation and those that have been demolished or altered in a manner that substantially diminishes the significance of the resource (Public Resources Code [PRC] Section 5024.1).

2.3 California Environmental Quality Act
The State CEQA Guidelines set the standard for determining whether a proposed project will result in a “substantial adverse change” in the significance of historical resources in Title 14 CCR Section 15064.5(b), which states:
“A project with an effect that may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource is a project that may have a significant effect on the environment (Title 14 CCR Section 15064.5[b]).”
Title 14 CCR Section 15064.5(b)(1) further clarifies “substantial adverse change” as:
“Substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource means physical demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings such that the significance of an historical resource would be materially impaired (Title 14 CCR Section 15064.5[b][1]).”
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Title 14 CCR Section 15064.5(b)(2) in turn explains that a historical resource is “materially impaired” when a project:
“Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of an historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its eligibility for inclusion in the California Register of Historical Resources as determined by a lead agency for purposes of CEQA (Title 14 CCR Section 15064.5[b][2]).”
As a result, the test for determining if a proposed project will have a significant impact on an identified historical resource is whether the project will alter the physical integrity of the historical resource in an adverse manner such that it would no longer be eligible for the NRHP, the CRHR, or other landmark programs.

This report considers direct, indirect, and cumulative impacts to historical resources using these definitions:
• Direct or primary impacts are caused by the project and occur at the same time and place (Title 14 CCR §15358 [a][1]).
• Indirect impacts, or secondary effects, are reasonably foreseeable and caused by a project but occur at a different time or place (Title 14 CCR §15358 [a][2]). • Cumulative impacts refer to two or more individual effects which, when considered together, are considerable or which compound or increase other environmental impacts (14 CCR Section 15355).

If an impact on a historical or archaeological resource is significant, CEQA requires feasible measures to minimize the impact (14 CCR Section 15126.4 (a)(1)). Mitigation of significant impacts must lessen or eliminate the physical impact that the project would have on the resource. CEQA requires that all feasible mitigation be undertaken even if it does not mitigate impacts to less-than-significant levels (14 CCR Section 15126.4(a)(1)).

2.4 Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52)
Assembly Bill (AB) 52, which became law on January 1, 2015, provides for consultation with California Native American tribes during the CEQA process, and equates significant impacts to “tribal cultural resources” with significant environmental impacts. PRC Section 21074 states that “tribal cultural resources” are:

Sites, features, places, cultural landscapes, sacred places, and objects with cultural value to a California Native American tribe and are one of the following:
• Included or determined to be eligible for inclusion in the CRHR. • Included in a local register of historical resources as defined in subdivision (k) of PRC Section 5020.1.

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• A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of PRC Section 5024.1.

In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of PRC Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe.

A “historical resource” (PRC Section 21084.1), a “unique archaeological resource” (PRC Section 21083.2(g)), or a “non-unique archaeological resource” (PRC Section 21083.2 (h)) may also be a tribal cultural resource if it is included or determined to be eligible for inclusion in the CRHR.

The consultation provisions of the law require that a public agency consult with local Native American tribes that have requested placement on that agency’s notification list for CEQA projects. Within 14 days of determining that a project application is complete, or a decision by a public agency to undertake a project, the lead agency must notify tribes of the opportunity to consult on the project, should a tribe have previously requested to be on the agency’s notification list. California Native American tribes must be recognized by the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) as traditionally and culturally affiliated with the project site and must have previously requested that the lead agency notify them of projects.

Tribes have 30 days following notification of a project to request consultation with the lead agency.

The purpose of consultation is to inform the lead agency in its identification and determination of the significance of tribal cultural resources. If a project is determined to result in a significant impact on an identified tribal cultural resource, the consultation process must occur and conclude prior to adoption of a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, or certification of an Environmental Impact Report (PRC Sections 21080.3.1, 21080.3.2, 21082.3).

2.5 California Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5
Section 7050.5 of the California Health and Safety Code (HSC) states that in the event of discovery or recognition of any human remains in any location other than a dedicated cemetery, there shall be no further excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent remains until the coroner of the county in which the remains are discovered has determined whether or not the remains are subject to the coroner’s authority. If the human remains are of Native American origin, the coroner must notify the NAHC within 24 hours of this identification.

2.6 California Public Resources Code Section 5097.98
Section 5097.98 of the California PRC states that the NAHC, upon notification of the discovery of Native American human remains pursuant to HSC Section 7050.5, shall immediately notify those persons (i.e., the Most Likely Descendent or “MLD”) it believes to be descended from the deceased. With permission of the landowner or a designated representative, the MLD may inspect the remains and any associated cultural materials and make recommendations for treatment or disposition of the remains and associated grave goods. The MLD shall provide recommendations or preferences for treatment of the remains and associated cultural materials within 48 hours of being granted access to the site.

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2.7 City of Seal Beach
The City of Seal Beach adopted Resolution No. 6584 on July 27, 2015, which established the Historic Preservation Committee. The Committee comprises five citizens, one from each of the five Voting Districts with an interest in preserving resources associated with the history and culture of Seal Beach.

The City also adopted Resolution No. 6618 on January 25, 2016, that established guidelines, policies, and procedures for designating historic resources. Eight guidelines were adopted for designation, and only one needs to be met in order for the City to designate a historic resource.

The City’s Residential Conservation Overlay District Ordinance (Ordinance No. 1598) defines locally significant historic structures as “those residential structures constructed prior to 1925” (Title 11 Part III Chapter 11.3.05.005). The Ordinance states:
“These locally-significant historic structures represent the city’s unique historical, social and cultural foundations and should be preserved as living parts of community life and development in order to build a greater understanding of the city’s past and give future generations the opportunity to appreciate, understand and enjoy the city’s remaining historic heritage (Title 11 Part III Chapter 11.3.05.005).”
Unlike the NRHP and CRHR, the City’s Residential Conservation Overlay District Ordinance has no criteria for designating properties as locally-significant historic structures and makes no mention of concepts such as physical integrity or period of significance.

The Seal Beach Historic Resources Foundation currently acts as a hub and repository for historic photographs and stories to preserve and celebrate the history of Seal Beach.

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3 Environmental and Cultural Settings

3.1 Housing Opportunity Sites Description
The Project comprises eight Housing Opportunity Sites dispersed over the city’s roughly 13 square miles.

The sites range in size from 0.25 to 27 acres. Most are developed with commercial or mixed-use buildings that have a range of construction dates from the early twentieth century to the 2010s (Table 2). The sites are generally within highly developed, urban areas along major thoroughfares, including the Pacific Coast Highway and Seal Beach Boulevard. The topography is relatively flat and adjacent buildings are generally low scale, one to two stories tall.

Stantec compiled the following site descriptions via a desktop survey using Google Street View. Google Street View images generally range from 2021 to 2023.

Table 2. Estimated Year Built for Properties within Housing Opportunity Sites Site
No. Site Name Location Assessor Parcel Number(s)
Estimated Year
Built
1 1780 Pacific Coast
Hwy
1780 Pacific Coast
Hwy 199-061-01 1966
2 Leisure World 13681 El Dorado Dr 095-691-04 ca. 1970
3 Accurate Storage 1011 Seal Beach
Blvd 095-791-18 ca. 1980
4 The Shops at Rossmoor
Building 4A
12343 Seal Beach
Blvd 086-492-51
ca. 2007
Building 4B ca. 2007
Building 4C ca. 1970
Building 4D ca. 2003
Building 4E ca. 2003
Building 4F ca. 2011
Building 4G ca. 2011
Building 4H ca. 2011
Building 4I ca. 2013
Building 4J ca. 2013
5 Old Ranch Town
Center
East side of Seal
Beach Blvd between
Plymouth Dr and St.

Cloud Dr
130-861-14, -15, -16, -
17, -18, -19, -20, -21, -
22, -23, -24, -25, -26, -
27 ca. 2001
6 Seal Beach Plaza
Building 6A
West side of Seal
Beach Blvd between
Westminster Blvd
and St. Andrews Dr
095-641-44, -49, -55, -
56, -57
ca. 1965
Building 6B ca. 2001
Building 6C ca. 1960
Building 6D ca. 1960
Building 6E ca. 1965
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Site
No. Site Name Location Assessor Parcel Number(s)
Estimated Year
Built
Building 6F ca. 1965
Building 6G ca. 1960
Building 6H ca. 1960
Building 6I ca. 1960
Building 6J ca. 1970
Building 6K ca. 2005
Building 6L ca. 1970
7 Seal Beach Center
Building 7A 901 Pacific Coast
Hwy, 1111 Pacific
Coast Hwy
043-260-02, -05
1966
Building 7B 1966
Building 7C ca. 2007
8 99 Marina Drive 99 Marina Dr 199-011-10 ca. 1975
Site 1 – 1780 Pacific Coast Highway
Photograph 1. View of Site 1, looking southwest (Google Street View, September 2022).

Site 1 is approximately 0.25 acres at the southwestern corner of the Pacific Coast Highway and Seal Beach Boulevard intersection (Photograph 1). A one-story, Mid-Century Modern commercial building constructed in 1966 is located along the south parcel boundary with an asphalt-paved surface parking lot to the north (NETR 1963, 1972; The Golden Rain Seal Beach Leisure World News 1966b). The building has a front gable roof and is constructed of masonry that has been painted. Two commercial storefronts extend along the north façade with large plate glass, metal-frame windows. One entrance is on the east façade and consists of paired fully-glazed metal doors. The other entrance is near the west end of the north façade and consists of a single fully-glazed metal door. la Cultural Resources Assessment Report
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Site 2 – Leisure World
Photograph 2. View of Site 2, looking southwest (Google Street View, January 2018).

Site 2 is approximately 5.5 acres on the west side of El Dorado Drive near the Knollwood Road intersection (Photograph 2). It is bordered on the west by the Los Alamitos Flood Control Channel. The site is an RV parking lot built between 1963 and 1972 (NETR, 1963, 1972). It is paved with asphalt and surrounded by a concrete block wall and metal chain link fence.

Site 3 – Accurate Storage
Photograph 3. View of Site 3, looking northwest (Google Street View, September 2022).

Site 3 is approximately four acres on the west side of Seal Beach Boulevard between Apollo Drive and Adolfo Lopez Drive (Photograph 3). A one-story self-storage commercial warehouse built between 1972 and 1988 is located near the east parcel boundary with an asphalt-paved surface parking lot to the west (NETR 1972, 1988). The building is of no particular style. It has a flat roof surrounded by a concrete IJ
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parapet and is constructed of concrete. The main entrance is near the south end of the west façade and consists of a single fully-glazed metal door. Rows of deeply recessed metal-frame picture windows with metal bulkheads wrap around the southwest corner.

Site 4 – The Shops at Rossmoor
Site 4 is approximately 27 acres on the west side of Seal Beach Boulevard between St. Cloud Drive and Rossmoor Center Way. Ten commercial buildings are located on the parcel with the remainder occupied by an asphalt-paved surface parking lot.

Photograph 4. View of Buildings 4A‒4C, looking southwest (Google Street View, March 2021).

Building 4A is at the north end of the parcel adjacent to Rossmoor Center Way (Photograph 4). It was likely constructed between 2005 and 2009 and is one story in height and rectangular in plan (NETR 2005, 2009). It has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and is clad in composition panels. The main entrance is on the west façade within a projecting arcade topped by a metal awning. The entrance consists of two paired fully-glazed sliding metal doors within metal storefront infill. To the north of the entrance fixed metal clearstory windows topped with a flat awning rise above the adjacent roofline.

Building 4B is immediately to the south of Building 4A and shares a party wall (Photograph 4). It was likely constructed between 2005 and 2009 and is one story in height and rectangular in plan (NETR 2005, 2009). It has a flat roof with a concrete cornice. A parapet that is taller than the adjacent roofline is centered on the east façade. The exterior is clad in composition panels. The main entrance is on the east façade beneath the parapet and flanked by piers. The entrance contains two paired fully-glazed sliding metal doors within metal storefront infill.

Building 4C is to the south of Building 4B, separated by an alley (Photograph 4). It was constructed between 1963 and 1972 with an addition on the east façade constructed between 1972 and 1988 (NETR 1963, 1972, 1988). The building is one story in height and rectangular in plan. It has a flat roof with concrete coping and is clad in stucco, brick, and composition panels. It has three entrances along the IJ
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south façade within rectangular entry surrounds projecting southward from the adjacent wall plane. All entrances consist of paired fully-glazed sliding metal doors within metal storefront infill and are topped by metal awnings.

Building 4D is to the southwest of Building 4C, separated by a driveway. The building was constructed between 2002 and 2003 and is one story in height and irregular in plan (NETR 2002, 2003). It has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and is generally clad in stucco. The main entrance is at the center of the east façade and consists of paired fully-glazed sliding metal doors with fixed metal windows to the north. Six stucco-clad piers with tile-clad bases ornament the east façade. The building is topped by a metal awning.

Photograph 5. View of Buildings 4E and 4F, looking northwest (Google Street View, January 2021).

Building 4E is to the south of Building 4D and shares a party wall (Photograph 5). It was constructed between 2002 and 2003 and is one story in height and irregular in plan (NETR 2002, 2003). The building has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and is clad in brick, stucco, permastone, and tile. The main entrance is at the center of the east façade. It is recessed within an arched cast stone door surround and consists of two paired fully-glazed metal doors. It is topped by a semicircular flat awning. Stepped piers and concrete panels with cast stone surrounds frame the main entrance.

Building 4F is to the south of Building 4D and shares a party wall (Photograph 5). It was constructed between 2010 and 2012 and is one story in height and irregular in plan (NETR 2010, 2012). It has a flat roof with concrete coping and is clad in stucco, brick, and composition panels. The main entrance is at the center of the east façade within a rectangular entry surround projecting eastward from the adjacent wall plane and topped by a flat awning. The entrance consists of paired sliding metal doors flanked by paired fully-glazed metal doors. Fixed metal windows are above the main entrance.

Building 4G is to the east of Building 4C along the east parcel boundary. It was constructed between 2010 and 2012 and is one story in height and rectangular in plan (NETR 2010, 2012). It has a flat roof with a concrete coping and is clad in composition panels and stucco. Four storefronts are on the west façade, each with paired fully-glazed metal doors and metal storefront infill. Fixed metal clearstory windows topped with a flat awning rise above the adjacent roofline at the west façade’s south end.

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Photograph 6. View of Building 5H, looking northwest (Google Street View, January 2023).

Building 4H is to the south of Building 4G near the east parcel boundary (Photograph 6). The building was constructed between 2010 and 2012 and is one story in height and rectangular in plan (NETR 2010, 2012). It has a flat roof surrounded with a concrete cornice and is clad in stucco. The building also has three towers with clay-tile-clad hipped roofs—one near the center of the north façade, a second at the southwest corner, and a third at the southeast corner. A flat-roofed awning supported by stucco-clad columns is along the south façade. The main entrances are at the north and southwest towers. Both consist of paired fully-glazed metal doors within metal storefront infill. The windows are fixed metal sashes.

Building 4I is to the east of Building 4F. It was constructed between 2012 and 2014 and is one story in height and rectangular in plan (NETR 2012, 2014). It has a flat roof with a concrete coping and is clad in composition panels and stucco. Three storefronts are on the north façade. All have a single fully-glazed metal door within metal storefront infill. The eastern storefront is topped by a flat awning. The windows are fixed metal sashes.

Building 4J is at the southeast corner of the parcel. The building was constructed between 2012 and 2014 and is one story in height and rectangular in plan with a curved façade at the southeast corner (NETR 2012, 2014). It has a flat roof with a concrete coping and is clad in composition panels and stucco. The main entrance is at the curved southeast corner. It consists of paired fully-glazed sliding metal doors within metal storefront infill. The windows are fixed metal sashes.

Site 5 – Old Ranch Town Center
Site 5 is approximately 26 acres on the east side of Seal Beach Boulevard between St. Cloud Drive and Plymouth Drive. Eleven commercial buildings constructed between 2000 and 2002 with elements of the New Traditional style are located on the site. The remainder is occupied by an asphalt-paved surface parking lot (NETR 2000, 2002).

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Photograph 7. View of Building 5A and 5B, looking southeast (Google Street View, June 2017).

Building 5A is at the northeast corner of the site (Photograph 7). It is one story in height and rectangular in plan. The building has a flat roof topped by a concrete cornice and is clad in brick, stucco, composition siding, and permastone. Near the south end of the west façade is a projecting entry surround topped by a front gable roof. The main entrance is within an arched opening beneath the gable and consists of seven paired or single fully-glazed metal doors within metal storefront infill. To the north and south of the main entrance are flat-roofed arcades with columns clad in composition siding and permastone.

Building 5B is to the south of Building 5A and shares a party wall (Photograph 7). It is one story in height and rectangular in plan. The building has a flat roof topped by a concrete cornice and is clad in brick, stucco, composition siding, and permastone. Near the south end of the west façade is a projecting entry surround topped by a hipped roof. The main entrance is within an arched opening beneath the hipped roof and consists of paired, fully-glazed sliding metal doors within metal storefront infill. To the north and south of the main entrance are flat-roofed arcades with columns clad in stucco and permastone.

Building 5C is to the south of Building 5B and shares a party wall. It is one story in height and rectangular in plan. The building has a flat roof topped by a concrete cornice and is clad in brick, stucco, composition siding, and permastone. An arcade with a hipped roof is along the west façade and is flanked by towers, also with hipped roofs. Within the arcade are seven storefronts—all with paired fully-glazed doors and metal storefront infill.

Building 5D is to the south of Building 5C and shares a party wall. It is one story in height and rectangular in plan. The building has a flat roof topped by a concrete cornice and is clad in brick, stucco, composition siding, and permastone. At the center of the west façade is a projecting front gabled volume. Flanking the front gabled volume are projecting entry surrounds with arched openings and hipped roofs. Within the arched openings, the main entrances consist of paired fully-glazed sliding metal doors within metal storefront infill. The windows are all fixed metal sashes.

Building 5E is near the northwest corner of the site. It is one story in height and rectangular in plan. The building has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and a hipped tower at the southeast corner. The exterior is primarily clad in composition siding. The main entrance is on the south façade and consists of paired IJ
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fully-glazed metal doors within metal storefront infill. The windows are all fixed metal sashes. Metal awnings are on the south and east façades.

Building 5F is to the south of Building 5E. It is one story in height and rectangular in plan. The building has a flat roof with metal coping and is clad in composition siding, metal siding, and permastone. The main entrance is recessed at the southwest corner and consists of a single multi-light metal door. The windows are all fixed metal multi-light sashes. The southwest corner is ornamented by a stepped parapet.

Photograph 8. View of Building 5G and 5H, looking east (Google Street View, January 2023).

Building 5G is to the south of Building 5F (Photograph 8). It is one story in height and rectangular in plan.

The building has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and a hipped tower at the northeast corner. Two hipped bulkheads are also to the west near the north and south ends of the roof. The exterior is clad in composition siding, stucco, and permastone. Four storefronts are on the east façade. All have single or paired fully-glazed metal doors within metal storefront infill.

Building 5H is to the south of Building 5G. It is one story in height and rectangular in plan. The building has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and two front gabled volumes—one at the northeast corner and the other at the southwest corner. The exterior is clad in stucco and composition siding. One storefront is along the east façade and a second storefront is on the west façade. The entrances are at the gabled volumes and consist of paired fully-glazed metal doors within metal storefront infill. The windows all consist of fixed metal sashes.

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Photograph 9. View of Building 5I and 5J, looking northwest (Google Street View, March 2019).

Building 5I is to the south of Building 5H (Photograph 9). It is one story in height and irregular in plan. The building has a flat roof and is clad in stucco, composition siding, and permastone. An arcade with a hipped roof is located along the north, east, and south façades, and a hipped tower is at the southeast corner. Two storefronts are along the south and west façades with paired fully-glazed metal doors and metal storefront infill.

Building 5J is to the south of Building 5H (Photograph 9). It is one story in height and irregular in plan.

The building is similar in design to Building 5I except it has five storefronts instead of two.

Building 5K is at the southwest corner of the site. It is one story in height and rectangular in plan. The building has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and a hipped projecting volume at the northwest corner.

The exterior is clad in stucco, composition siding, and permastone. The main entrance is within the hipped volume and consists of paired fully-glazed sliding metal doors within metal storefront infill.

Site 6 – Seal Beach Plaza
Site 6 is approximately seven acres at the northwest corner of Seal Beach Boulevard and Westminster Boulevard. Twelve commercial buildings are on the site surrounded by an asphalt-paved surface parking lot.

Building 6A is at the southwest corner of the Seal Beach Boulevard and St. Andrews Drive intersection. It was built between 1963 and 1972 (NETR 1963, 1972). The building is one story in height and irregular in plan. It has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and is primarily clad in stucco. A flat roofed arcade with permastone and stucco-clad columns extends across the south and east façades, and a tower topped by a flat awning is at the center of the south façade. The building has wood-frame storefront infill along the south and east façades. Entrances generally contain either fully-glazed metal doors or partially-glazed wood paneled doors.

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Photograph 10. View of Building 6B, looking southwest (Google Street View, January 2023).

Building 6B is to the west of Building 6A (Photograph 10). It was constructed between 2000 and 2002 (NETR 2000, 2002). The building is one story in height and irregular in plan. It has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and is primarily clad in stucco. Storefronts are along the east and south façades separated by concrete piers. All have metal storefront infill and single fully-glazed metal doors.

Permastone-clad pilasters ornament each corner of the building.

Building 6C is to the south of Building 6B. It was built between 1953 and 1963 (NETR 1953, 1963). The building is one story in height and rectangular in plan. It has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and is primarily clad in stucco. A flat-roofed arcade extends along the north and east façades supported by columns with stucco or permastone cladding. Storefronts are within the arcade and consist of single fullyglazed entry doors and metal storefront infill.

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Photograph 11. View of Building 6D, looking west (Google Street View, January 2021).

Building 6D is to the south of Building 6C and shares a party wall (Photograph 11). It was also built between 1953 and 1963 (NETR 1953, 1963). The building is one story in height and rectangular in plan. It has a flat roof with wide overhanging eaves and brackets along the roofline. The exterior is primarily clad in stucco. Three arched opening are on the east façade separated by permastone-clad piers. The main entrance is in the center opening and consists of fully-glazed sliding metal doors within metal storefront infill. The southern opening is partially infilled with fixed metal windows and an ATM, and the northern opening is infilled with stucco-clad panels. Metal storefront infill is along the south façade.

Building 6E is to the south of Building 6D and separated by an alley. It was constructed between 1963 and 1972 (NETR 1963, 1972). The building is one story in height and rectangular in plan. It has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and is clad in stucco and brick. Two storefronts are on the east façade separated by a concrete pier. Each contains a single fully-glazed metal door and metal storefront infill. Fixed metal multi-light windows are on the north and south façades.

Building 6F is to the south of Building 6E and separated by an alley with a permastone-and-wood archway at the entrance. Building 6F was constructed between 1963 and 1972 (NETR 1963, 1972). The building is one story in height and rectangular in plan. It has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and is clad in stucco and brick. Two storefronts are on the east façade separated by a concrete pier. Each contains a single or paired fully-glazed metal doors and metal storefront infill. Fixed metal multi-light windows are on the north facade.

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Photograph 12. View of Buildings 6E‒6G, looking west (Google Street View, January 2021).

Building 6G is to the south of Building 6F and shares a party wall (Photograph 12). It was constructed between 1963 and 1972 (NETR 1963, 1972). The building is one story in height and rectangular in plan. It has a flat roof and is clad in stucco. At the east end is a tall parapet with a flat awning. The main entrance is recessed at the center of the east façade flanked by permastone-clad piers. It contains a single fullyglazed metal door. To either side of the main entrance are fixed metal windows above stucco-clad bulkheads. An awning tops the east façade’s storefront.

Building 6H is to the south of Building 6G and shares a party wall. It was constructed between 1953 and 1963 (NETR 1953, 1963). The building is one story in height and rectangular in plan with a flat roof and stucco exterior cladding. It has three volumes on the east façade—each with a different design and configuration—connected by a continuous arcade. The northernmost volume is topped with a concrete cornice. It has two storefronts with paired fully-glazed metal doors within metal storefront infill. The center volume is topped with a flat awning. It has two arched moldings separated by an arcade column clad in permastone. An entrance at the center contains a single fully-glazed metal door, which is flanked by metal storefront infill. The southernmost volume has a slopping concrete cornice and a tower at the south end topped with a flat roof. The tower has brackets along the roofline and a partially infilled, arched opening with a flat awning. An entrance at the center contains a single fully-glazed metal door. It is flanked by metal storefront infill.

Building 6I is to the south of Building 6H and shares a party wall. It was built between 1953 and 1963 (NETR 1953, 1963). The building is one story in height and rectangular in plan with a flat roof and concrete cornice. At the center of the east façade, a parapet taller than the adjacent roofline is topped with a flat awning. Flanking the parapet are two storefronts within an arcade that has arched openings and permastone-clad columns. The north storefront has paired fully-glazed metal doors, while the south storefront has paired fully-glazed sliding metal doors. The windows are fixed metal sashes.

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Building 6J is to the south of Building 6I and shares a party wall. It was built between 1963 and 1972 (NETR 1963, 1972). The building is one story in height and irregular in plan. It has a flat roof with a concrete coping. The main entrance on the east façade is topped with a cornice and flanked by permastone-clad columns. It contains deeply receded, paired fully-glazed metal doors with fixed metal windows to the south. Secondary entrances on the south façade are all single fully-glazed metal doors or metal slab doors. The windows are all fixed metal sashes.

Building 6K is to the east of Buildings 6E and 6F. It was constructed between 2004 and 2005 (NETR 2004, 2005). The building is one story in height and rectangular in plan. It has a flat roof with a concrete cornice and is clad in stucco and permastone. Flat-roofed towers with concrete cornices are at the northeast corner and center of the south façade. The main entrance is at the tower on the south façade and contains paired fully-glazed metal doors. Metal storefront infill is along the east end of the building on the east, north, and south façades.

Photograph 13. View of Building 6L, looking northwest (Google Street View, January 2023).

Building 6L is to the south of Building 6I. It was constructed between 1963 and 1972 in the New Formalist style (NETR 1963, 1972) (Photograph 13). The building is one story in height and square in plan. It has a combination hipped and flat roof. The flat portion is at the center surrounded by a concrete parapet. The hipped portion borders the parapet and is clad in red clay tile. Arched openings separated by concrete piers are along all façades. Within select openings are entrances consisting of paired or single fullyglazed metal doors within metal infill. The remaining openings are infilled with fixed metal windows atop metal bulkheads.

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Site 7 – Seal Beach Center
Photograph 14. View of Site 7, looking northeast (Google Street View, January 2023).

Site 7 is approximately 9 acres on the north side of the Pacific Coast Highway between Balboa Drive and Bolsa Avenue (Photograph 14). Three commercial buildings with elements of the New Traditional Mediterranean style are on the site surrounded by an asphalt-paved surface parking lot. Building 7A is on the east site boundary and Building 7B is on the west site boundary. Both were built in 1966 and are one story in height and irregular in plan (NETR 1963, 1972; The Golden Rain Seal Beach Leisure World News 1966a). The buildings have flat roofs and stucco cladding. Building 7A has two hipped towers and two front gable volumes on the west façade with red clay tile roof cladding. Storefronts on the west façade consist of metal storefront infill with paired fully-glazed metal doors. Building 7B has one hipped tower, two front gable volumes, three hipped volumes, and a hipped arcade along the west and north façades— all with red clay tile roof cladding. Storefronts along the west and north façades have metal storefront infill with single or paired fully-glazed metal doors.

Building 8C is flanked by Building 7A and 7B and was built between 2005 and 2009 (NETR 2005, 2009).

It is one story in height and irregular in plan. It has a flat roof with a hipped tower at the northeast corner and clay tile coping to the west and east. The exterior is clad in stucco. The main entrance is within the hipped tower and consists of paired fully-glazed metal doors. The windows are fixed metal sashes.

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Site 8 – 99 Marina
Photograph 15. View of Site 8, looking southeast (Google Street View, September 2022).

Site 8 is approximately 4.3 acres northeast of the Marina Drive and First Street intersection (Photograph 15). The parcel is primarily vacant except for a concrete handball court at the west end that was built between 1972 and 1988 (NETR 1972, 1988). The handball court is surrounded by a maintained lawn and mature trees. A small asphalt-paved surface parking lot is to the south.

Main Street Specific Plan Area
Photograph 16. View of Main Street, looking north (Google Street View, January 2023).

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The Main Street Specific Plan area is approximately 15 acres and encompasses commercial and mixeduse properties to the north and south of Main Street between Ocean Avenue and the Pacific Coast Highway (Photograph 16). The properties along Main Street are generally one-to-two stories in height and are clad with a variety of materials including brick, stucco, wood siding, and permastone. Select properties appear to have been constructed in the early twentieth century and are visible on the earliest available Sanborn map from 1931 and aerial photograph from 1938 (Sanborn Map Company 1931; UCSB 1938). For the remaining properties, construction dates range from the post-World War II period through the 2000s.

Photograph 17. View of the Orange County Fire Station 44, looking southwest (Google Street View, September 2022).

The Main Street Specific Plan also encompasses a parcel on the southwest corner of 8th Street and Central Avenue. The parcel is occupied by the Orange County Fire Station 44, built between 1963 and 1972 (NETR 1963, 1972) (Photograph 17). The building has a front gable roof with a flat-roofed wing to the north and east. The exterior is clad in stucco. The main entrance is on the north façade and consists of a single fully-glazed metal door. The windows are fixed metal sashes. Three garage openings on the east façade have roll-up metal doors.

3.2 Archaeological and Ethnographic Contexts

3.2.1 PRECONTACT ARCHAEOLOGY
The description of an overall regional chronology demarking the major stages of cultural evolution in the Southern California area has been attempted many times. Two principal chronologies, Wallace (1955; 1978) and Warren (1968), have been revised slightly (Koerper 1981; Koerper and Drover 1983). Southern IJ
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California cultural developments occur gradually and appear to have long-term stability; specifically applying a chronology is often difficult.

The researchers cited above divided the regional precontact chronology into four stages describing changing artifact assemblages and evolving ecological adaptations. The principal regional chronology proposed by Wallace (1955; revised in 1978) divides the precontact era by major cultural changes within general time periods. Wallace defined four cultural horizons, or periods, for Southern California. These include the Early Period, the Millingstone Period, the Intermediate Period, and the Late Prehistoric Period.

These periods are summarized below.

The Early Period covers the period between approximately 10,000 and approximately 5500 BC, although recent data from the Farpoint Site (CA-LAN-451) in Malibu indicates a “Clovis Culture” occupation dating well before 10,000 years ago. Artifacts and cultural activities from Clovis and Early Period sites represent a predominantly hunting culture (Wallace 1955). Although Clovis and Early Period sites in Southern California are rare, Moratto (1984:76) lists several traits characteristic of sites occupied during this period.

This list includes locations on the shorelines of ancient lakes and marshes. In coastal areas, such sites are located along stream channels or near estuaries. Although the bow and arrow do not exist, the atlatl and dart have been identified in assemblages from this period. An array of specialized cobble, core, flake, and blade implements are also known. In certain areas, the presence of extremely large, often fluted bifaces marks the Clovis and Early Period (Moratto 1984:81).

The Early Period is followed in time by the Millingstone Period. Sites from the Millingstone Period (post5500 BC) typically contain ground stone artifacts such as manos, metates, and cogged stones, as well as soapstone objects. Wallace suggests that Millingstone Period cultures were generally hunter-gatherers who spent much time collecting and processing plants. When bifaces are found on Millingstone Period sites, they are commonly large and associated with the use of the atlatl.

Drover et al. (1983) suggest that early Millingstone Period sites represent refuse from mobile hunters and gatherers who used coastal resources during the winter and inland resources throughout the remainder of the year. Subsistence strategies included intensive hunting of small and large land mammals, sea mammals, and birds, as well as near-shore fishing and shellfish collecting. Elsewhere, small mammals were hunted and seeds were collected, as documented by the many millingstones found at Millingstone Period sites throughout the Southern California region.

By 3000 BC, coastal populations developed a greater reliance on marine resources. The remains of nearshore and deep-sea fish appear more often as refuse in middens. Much further inland, populations centered around pluvial lakes created by runoff from melting glaciers. In coastal areas, there was an increased use of the mortar and pestle, which marked a technological change in the manner seeds were processed. Instead of using just mano and metate, smaller seeds could be better contained in the basketlike mortar or hopper mortar (a basket affixed with asphaltum to a mortar base), and it is possible that the mortar and pestle indicate a diversification in seed collecting strategy. The use of the mortar and pestle marks Wallace’s Intermediate Period. Additional artifacts found predominantly within the Intermediate Period include discoidals and crescentics (crescent-shaped flaked stone artifacts).

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The Late Prehistoric Period began approximately AD 500 (Bean and Smith 1978). During this period, artifact changes and new cultural practices occur. Smaller projectile points, representing bow-and-arrow hunting, appear on Late Prehistoric Period sites. This period is also marked by steatite effigies and by cremation as an interment practice. These artifacts and practices have been linked to a proposed Shoshonean (Takic) immigration from the Great Basin that ended at the coast, although there is a difference of opinion among experts regarding the timing of this proposed Takic migration. By AD 1000, smoking pipes and ceramic pottery occur, although ceramic smoking pipes may occur somewhat earlier, within the later portion of the Intermediate Period. Dating of sites to the Late Prehistoric Period also depends on the occurrence of other items, such as artifacts made of Salton Sea (Obsidian Buttes) obsidian. Sites within the region occasionally contain the vitreous lithic (glassy stone) called Grimes Canyon fused shale, which originates from Ventura County (Demcak 1981; Hall 1988).

3.2.2 ETHNOGRAPHY
Seal Beach is in the ancestral homeland of the Gabrielino (also known as Tongva). At the time of European contact, the Gabrielino inhabited the Los Angeles Basin and the southern Channel Islands of Santa Catalina, San Nicolas, and San Clemente (Bean and Smith 1978).

The Gabrielino are descended from a Takic-speaking, Uto-Aztecan group that likely entered the Los Angeles Basin as recently as 1,500 years before present (BP) from the southern Great Basin or interior California deserts. However, it is also possible that they migrated in successive waves over a longer period beginning around 4,000 years BP. It has been proposed that Uto-Aztecan speakers displaced the local occupants of the southern coast (Kroeber 1925:578–580; Moratto 1984:165), represented by the Hokan-speaking Diegueño to the south and the Chumash to the north. Much of the review of the Gabrielino presented here is based on William McCawley’s book, The First Angelinos (1996).

The Gabrielino lived in an area that covered more than 1,500 square miles and included the watersheds of the Los Angeles River, San Gabriel River, Santa Ana River, and Rio Hondo, as well as the southern Channel Islands. There were at least 50 residential communities or villages, each with 50 to 150 individuals. Each community consisted of one or more lineages associated with a permanent territory.

Each territory was represented by a permanent central settlement with associated hunting, fishing, gathering, and ritual areas. A typical settlement would have had a variety of structures used for daily living, recreation, and rituals. In larger communities, the layout was more intricate. A ritualistic or sacred enclosure was surrounded by the residences of the chief and community leaders, which were in turn surrounded by the smaller homes of the rest of the community. Sweathouses, cemeteries, and clearings for dancing and playing were also common at larger settlements (McCawley 1996:32–33).

Gabrielino subsistence consisted of terrestrial and marine resources. These included mule deer, pronghorn, rabbits, small rodents, freshwater and marine fish and shellfish, sea mammals, snakes, lizards, insects, quail, and mountain sheep. Botanical resources included native grass seeds, pine nuts, acorns, berries, and fresh greens and shoots. Food resources were managed by the chief, who oversaw food reserves, and families were known to store surplus resources to supplement their diet during times of resource stress. The Gabrielino were among the most materially wealthy groups in California due to a complex trade network between the Tongva and neighboring groups (McCawley 1996:141).

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Like many other Native American groups, the settlement of Europeans in California brought conflict and disease as the Spanish colonized the west coast, decimating the Native American population. Today, the Gabrielino continue their traditions in Southern California, with approximately 2,000 individuals.

3.3 History of Seal Beach, 1857‒2000
The coastal area that officially became Seal Beach in 1915 was known as Anaheim Landing during the mid- to late-nineteenth century. After the gold rush, the Anaheim Landing Company established Anaheim Landing in 1857 in a small bay at the mouth of Anaheim Creek. The landing served as a port for the Santa Ana Valley. Although the conditions at the port were often treacherous, it was active for approximately 15 years and rivaled the port of San Pedro in Los Angeles (Glasgow 2021; Kaiser 1995; The Port of Los Angeles 2024). Anaheim Landing’s decline began in 1875 when the railroad arrived in Anaheim and provided a more efficient means to ship goods from the coast to inland settlements. Around this time, the beaches around Anaheim Landing became a popular destination for tourists seeking respite from hot summer days in the valley (Glasgow 2021). A tent city, with 25-square-foot lots, grew near the former Anaheim Landing site. In 1901, J.C. Ord, the community’s only year-round resident, established a general store at the present-day location of Main Street and Electric Avenue (Kaiser 1995).

In 1903, after successfully developing Huntington Beach (then known as Pacific City), Phillip A. Stanton used his capital to form the Bayside Land Company, and with J.C. Ord and Isaac Lothian, developed Bay City just north of the former Anaheim Landing site (Deneau and Marsh 1980). Stanton was the city’s major champion and heavily promoted Bay City. He ran an 18-month advertisement campaign in Long Beach and Los Angeles newspapers that depicted seals and encouraged readers to visit Seal Beach at Bay City to “Go and see the seals now. See 200 of them in the water at this famous beach!” (Grobaty 2013). The beach, however, was not famous; it was mostly unheard of (Grobaty 2013). Despite this, Bay City drew tourists and new residents alike, largely due to the Pacific Electric Railway Company, nicknamed the red car system, which arrived in Bay City in 1904. The red car system connected the burgeoning coastal community with Los Angeles, San Bernadino, Pasadena, and other major communities (Carpio 2015; Kindig 2011).

The 1906 San Francisco earthquake impeded the development of Bay City—as builders and capital were drawn north to aid in recovery—and Stanton struggled to establish a community. To draw more interest to Bay City, Stanton constructed a long wooden pier at the end of Main Street, the longest pier in the state at that time (Deneau and Marsh 1980; Grobaty 2013). In spite of its slow development, Bay City was officially incorporated on October 25, 1915, with the new name of Seal Beach. This name was derived from the many seals that lazed on the city’s beach, and the name change was necessary as there was already an incorporated community named Bay City (City of Seal Beach 2024). Unlike nearby dry communities, Seal Beach was incorporated with legalized alcohol, and its availability was an early draw for visitors. Stanton constructed a seaside amusement park at the Seal Beach pier shortly after the city's incorporation. Coined Joy Zone, in 1917, the park featured a wooden roller coaster purchased from the city of San Francisco, an eatery and dance hall called the Jewel Café, and carnival games (Carpio 2015; Waldie 2015).

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While Joy Zone drew fun-seekers to Seal Beach, the city’s major appeal during the 1920s was vice. Seal Beach had readily available bootleg liquor during the prohibition era, reportedly thanks to an underground canal that facilitated its secretive transport. The city quickly gained a reputation for drinking, gambling, and prostitution (Carpio 2015). Gambling venues and speakeasies dotted Main Street, and gambling ships were anchored three miles off the coast, past federal jurisdiction. A shuttle at the end of the Seal Beach pier transported visitors to and from the ships. This illegal activity was allowed to flourish in the city as it had little law enforcement presence; it was at the westernmost corner of Orange County, and county law enforcement avoided the long trip (Carpio 2015; Waldie 2015).

Despite its lawless reputation, Seal Beach grew as a residential community during the 1920s. Between 1920 and 1930, the city’s population swelled from 669 to 1,156, and by 1931, various businesses lined Main Street, and scattered dwellings dotted the remaining streets (California State Census Data Center 2020; Sanborn Map Company 1931). Businesses on Main Street (Site 13) included restaurants, a billiard hall, beauty shops, a tailor, the city post office, grocers, drug stores, a hotel, and an automotive repair store. A church, St. Anne’s, was one block east of Main Street, and the City Hall, constructed in 1929 (extant and listed in the National Register in 1983), was at the corner of Central Avenue and 8th Street (Sanborn Map Company 1931; Thomas 1983). Seal Beach’s growth can be attributed to the city’s tourism, the red car service that provided easy transportation between it and major cities, and the development of the Pacific Coast Highway and a local airport during the 1920s (Masters 2012; Sun Newspapers 2010). Initially, the airport was known as Crawford Field, named after a Mr. Crawford, who built gliders there. By the 1930s, it was known as the Seal Beach airport (Sun Newspapers 2010).

During the 1930s, the development of Seal Beach stalled. The area remained a popular location for drinking and gambling, particularly among sailors stationed in Long Beach, but the Great Depression led to the closure of Joy Zone (Carpio 2015; Kaiser 1995). Its amenities, including the roller coaster and Jewel Café, fell into disrepair and were eventually dismantled (Kaiser 1995). The 1933 Long Beach earthquake also impacted the community. The 6.4 magnitude quake, the largest known earthquake to occur in the Los Angeles region at that time, struck on the evening of March 10th and damaged or destroyed many of the buildings in Seal Beach (Carpio 2015; Earthquake Hazards Program 2023). In 1939, the gambling ships off Seal Beach’s coast were shut down (Waldie 2015). Collectively, the Depression, the 1933 earthquake, and the closure of offshore gambling establishments held the city’s development at bay, and it retained its sin city characterization. Over the decade, Seal Beach’s permanent resident population grew by only 397 (California State Census Data Center 2020).

World War II began a period of significant physical and social change in Seal Beach. In 1944, a Naval Ammunition and Net Depot was commissioned at Seal Beach, occupying a 5,000-acre site just southwest of the city’s core (Reece 1944). The Navy had been attempting to establish an ammunitions storage base on the Pacific Coast since 1925 and selected Seal Beach for two reasons: its large expanse of open land and its proximity to Navy fleet concentrations in San Diego and Long Beach. Plans for the depot included the construction of 65 buildings, heavy barricades, powder and explosive magazines, 35 miles of paved roads, and 50 miles of railroads. The depot served as the central location for storing and loading ammunition onto Pacific Fleet ships and for servicing the anti-submarine nets used to protect fleet anchorages and bases worldwide (Navy Region Southwest 2024b; Reece 1944). The construction of the Naval Depot necessitated the dismantlement of the Seal Beach Airport; its administration building was IJ
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moved to its historic core, Old Town (Sun Newspapers 2010). The prior airport location was used as a storage area for anti-submarine buoys during World War II until the mid-1960s. The highly stacked lines of buoys were a landmark for those travelling on the Pacific Coast Highway and Bay Boulevard (presentday Seal Beach Boulevard) (Dobkins 2019b).

The influx of new residents during the war, chiefly from the Navy Depot’s workforce, resulted in a 129 percent increase in Seal Beach’s population between 1940 and 1950 (California State Census Data Center 2020). This growing population sought to dispel the city’s long-held ill reputation and create a more family-oriented community. A group of citizens formed the Good Government Group and worked to “run off the bad elements of the city,” namely, gambling institutions (Kaiser 1995). The group’s largest target was The Airport Club, a 24-hour gambling and poker club that generated an estimated million dollars in revenue annually. In 1952, city residents narrowly voted to revoke an ordinance that allowed the club to operate. The following year, after numerous elections and recalls, Seal Beach residents voted 848 to 811 to ban gambling in the city entirely (Dobkins 2019a; Kaiser 1995).

Along with eliminating gambling, a series of residential and commercial developments in the post-World War II period began the transformation of Seal Beach from a city known as “wild” to a middle-class seaside community (Carpio 2015). During the 1960s and 1970s, the city expanded from Old Town historic core to include Leisure World Seal Beach and the Marina Hill (also known as the Hill), College Park West, and College Park East subdivisions (Kaiser 1995). Ross Cortese, a successful developer in Downey and Anaheim, established Leisure World Seal Beach, which would come to represent a third of Seal Beach’s population. Before Leisure World, Cortese developed the Rossmoor Subdivision in 1957, adjacent to the northwest corner of the Naval Ammunition and Net Depot and just beyond the boundaries of Seal Beach.

Rossmoor, with 3,500 homes, was the largest development in Orange County and included schools, a medical complex, and shopping centers (Kendrick 2004). One of the shopping centers, the Rossmoor Business Center (present-day The Shops at Rossmoor, Site 5), cost $8 Million to construct and included major stores such as an S.H. Kress and a Food Giant Market (The Daily News 1959; The Los Angeles Times 1961). In 1965, the Rossmoor Business Center and adjacent vacant land were annexed by Seal Beach despite strong opposition from the Rossmoor Homeowners Association (Kendrick 2004).

Although outside of the boundaries of Seal Beach, Rossmoor laid the groundwork for Cortese’s success at Leisure World. After Rossmoor, Cortese sought another site to develop a community with amenities and settled on a 541-acre site in Rancho Los Alamitos, immediately south of Rossmoor. After purchasing the land for $10.82 million, Cortese designed a retirement community composed of clustered apartment buildings designed specifically for residents 52 years and older. Using research he had funded through the Gerontology program at the University of Southern California, Cortese considered the unique environment, social and recreational activities, and health and medical requirements of the aging. The proposed one- and two-bedroom apartment units contained wide hallways, raised electrical outlets, grab bars, and other amenities for aging in place (Baker 2009; Seal Beach Leisure World Historical Society & Museum 2021). Cortese took his unique planned community to the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), seeking their backing on mortgages. To secure FHA mortgages for Leisure World, Cortese had to establish two separate non-profit companies – the Golden Rain Foundation of Laguna Hills to sponsor, merchandise, administer, and manage Leisure World, and the Leisure World Foundation to own or act as IJ
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trustee of the assets of Leisure World – and agree to annex the development to Seal Beach (Baker 2009; Leisure World Seal Beach 2024).

In 1962, the first residents of Leisure World Seal Beach moved in, and by 1964, all original 6,608 planned units had been purchased. Like Rossmoor, Leisure World included an array of amenities and conveniences. It featured a manned security gate and on-site medical services with a pharmacy, laboratory, 26 nurses, and 10 physicians; when using on-site medical care, the Golden Rain Foundation covered a portion of resident’s costs. Leisure World also touted a 2,500-seat amphitheater, art and ceramic studios, pool and billiards rooms, woodworking shops, clubhouses, separate therapy pools and swimming pools, and a variety of yard games. It featured a shopping center, the Leisure World Shopping Center (present-day Seal Beach Plaza, Site 7) that housed a Golden Rain Foundation office, pediatrist and optometrist offices, a United California Bank, and a 15,000-square-foot Manning’s Restaurant with a cafeteria, coffee shop, and bar (Rossmoor Home 2024; The Golden Rain Seal Beach Leisure World News 1963, 1964a, 1964b, 1964c). Later, in the 1980s, the Golden Rain Foundation purchased a 5.5- acre lot adjacent to Leisure World Seal Beach to use for storing and servicing recreational vehicles and other non-conforming vehicles that belonged to residents (Site 2) (Seal Beach Leisure World Historical Society & Museum 2021).

In 1966, another large development was constructed next to Rossmoor. This development was the Old Ranch Country Club, located immediately west of Rossmoor between it and the College Park Subdivision, which was developed simultaneously (Long Beach Real Estate 2024). Preston B. Hotchkis, the president of the Bixby Ranch Company, developed the Old Ranch Country Club (Site 10). Plans for the 125-acre, 18-hole golf course designed by noted golf course architect Theodore Robinson included 6,400 yards of fairways, newly planted trees, and six lakes. The 2,800-square-foot country club was constructed of rough-sawn cedar to reflect early California heritage, an homage to Rancho Los Alamitos (Independent 1966; Ives 1967). When the club officially opened in March of 1967, its maximum private membership, 450, was filled (Ives 1967).

During the 1960s and 1970s, as the previously undeveloped portions of Seal Beach were platted and neighborhoods emerged, Old Town remained downtrodden in comparison. Storefronts were often boarded, and dive bars were still clustered near the pier (Kaiser 1995; Waldie 2015). The western portion of Old Town, adjacent to the San Gabriel River, was mostly industrial in the 1960s and included a sewage disposal plant and oil separating facility (NETR 1967). However, Old Town and its immediately adjacent neighborhood, the Hill, were not void of development. In 1966, the Seal Beach Shopping Center (Site 8) was constructed across the Pacific Coast Highway from Main Street in the Hill neighborhood. The plaza’s opening in July 1966 was celebrated with three days of festivities, featuring a ribbon-cutting, live music, a play, and an appearance by Nino the Clown. The center had 23 stores, including an art supply store, a women’s apparel store, a dry cleaner, and a Tastee-Freez ice cream shop (The Golden Rain Seal Beach Leisure World News 1966a). Later that year, in December, a Volger’s Bay Liquor Market (Site 1) opened on the corner of the Pacific Coast Highway and Bay Boulevard (present-day Seal Beach Boulevard) in Old Town. The store advertised its beers from around the world and its “complete gourmet foods” (The Golden Rain Seal Beach Leisure World News 1966b).

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Seal Beach also made several civic improvements during the 1960s. Approximately 55 percent of Seal Beach’s potable water system was installed during the decade. The system included two booster pump stations integral to maintaining the city’s water pressure: one constructed in 1963 on city property bounded by Naval-owned land (Site 12), and one constructed in 1969 adjacent to the northeast corner of Leisure World (AKM Consulting Engineers 2012). A new fire station (Site 13) was built in Old Town (ca. 1967), on the corner of Central Avenue and Eighth Street, across from the historic City Hall (NETR 1967).

Two years later, Seal Beach replaced its original City Hall with a newer, larger building; however, the city retained the original City Hall and the two buildings are connected (Thomas 1983).

The Naval Ammunition and Net Depot at Seal Beach also experienced significant change during the 1960s and 1970s. In 1962, the depot was renamed the Seal Beach Naval Weapons Station to reflect a new emphasis on missiles and weapons systems at the site (Anaheim Bulletin 1962). Under this new direction, the station evolved into the “Navy’s primary West Coast ordnance storage, loading, and maintenance installation” (Navy Region Southwest 2024b). In 1969, a 920-acre salt marsh and upland habitat within the naval station was declared a Navy Preserve and recognized as one of the last remaining undeveloped areas in coastal southern California. In 1972, President Richard Nixon formally established the Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge, which is currently managed jointly by the Department of the Navy and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (Navy Region Southwest 2024a).

The numerous residential, commercial, and civic developments in Seal Beach between 1960 and 1970 resulted in a dramatic population change. By 1970, the population reached 24,441, a 250 percent increase (California State Census Data Center 2020). Thirty-seven percent, approximately 9,000 individuals, resided in Leisure World Seal Beach (Baker 2009). The city’s population has changed little since 1970, with just 801 more residents as of 2010 (California State Census Data Center 2020). Despite this stagnant population, Seal Beach continued progressing through the modern era. The city evolved into a center for aerospace technology during the 1970s, thanks to a Rockwell International Space Division Facility adjacent to the Seal Beach Naval Weapons Station. In 1977, Rockwell International built and demonstrated the first functioning Global Positioning Satellite, also known as Navstar GPS. The Rockwell facility in Seal Beach produced Navstars and rockets (Pazeian and Young 2018; Rockwell International 1975). Today, the former Rockwell Space Division Facility is owned by Boeing (Pazeian and Young 2018).

As Seal Beach approached the twenty-first century, the city had become a densely developed community; the only evident open natural space was the Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge. One of the city's last pieces of open land, harkening to the earliest days of Seal Beach's settlement, was developed in 1998 as the Old Ranch Town Center (Site 6), a shopping plaza north of the Old Ranch Country Club.

The 25-acre parcel represented one of the last portions of land owned by the Bixby Ranch Company, which was founded in 1896 and had owned considerable land in Seal Beach since (Bixby Land Company 2024; The Golden Rain Seal Beach Leisure World News 1998). Residents of College Park East overwhelmingly opposed the sale, and it was lamented in the local newspaper with the headline “It’s Over!—Bixby's Holdings are Zoned” (The Golden Rain Seal Beach Leisure World News 1998).

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4 Research and Methods

4.1 CHRIS Records Search
A records search of the CHRIS was completed by Stantec at the SCCIC on January 25, February 1, and February 8, 2024. The purpose of this search was to identify previously recorded cultural resources in the Project area and vicinity, including those that are listed in national, state, or local historical registers and whether or not the Project area contained resources that have been previously identified or evaluated as potential historical resources for purposes of CEQA. All recorded historic and precontact cultural resources situated within a 0.25-mile radius of the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program area were reviewed. Sources consulted during the search include:
• NRHP,
• CRHR,
• California Inventory of Historic Resources (CHRI),
• California Historical Landmarks (CHL) list,
• California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI) list, and • California OHP records, including California Department of Parks and Recreation 523 (DPR 523) cultural resource records.

Three previously recorded cultural resources are within the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program area, all of which consist of precontact Native American resources in the vicinity of the San Gabriel River. These cultural resources are listed in Table 3 and are described below.

Table 3. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources in Project Area Primary
Number
Description CRHR/NRHP Status
30-000143 Precontact habitation site with midden, artifacts, and human remains
Not Evaluated
30-000264 Precontact site with shell, ground stone, and human remains
Not Evaluated
30-001546 Precontact shell deposit Not Evaluated

4.1.1 P-30-000143 (CA-ORA-143)
This precontact archaeological site was originally recorded in 1964. At that time, P-30-000143 was described as “midden dirt” with a steatite bowl and effigy; flaked stone debris, including obsidian, chert, basalt, and quartz; projectile points; drills; ground stone, including manos, metates, and mortars; and shellfish. A record prepared the following year in 1965 also noted the presence of human remains. The most current record of P-30-000143, prepared in 1997, described the deposit as “archaeological shell IJ
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midden consisting of…dense accumulations of marine mollusk shell, including scallop, clam and oyster.

Artifacts such as lithic debitage are rare, but present, and there is an occasional piece of fish bone.” The 1997 site record noted previous disturbances from construction. A formal determination of this resource’s CRHR/NRHP eligibility has not been made.

4.1.2 P-30-000264 (CA-ORA-264)
This precontact archaeological site was recorded in 1969 as containing dietary shell, ground stone, and human skeletal remains. A formal determination of this resource’s CRHR/NRHP eligibility has not been made.

4.1.3 P-30-001546
This precontact archaeological site was recorded in 2000 as a “small prehistoric shell deposit” that possibly functioned as a base camp for collecting, processing, and consuming estuarine resources. The site was observed in a plowed field adjacent to a developed area. A formal determination of this resource’s CRHR/NRHP eligibility has not been made.

4.2 California Built Environment Resource Directory
Stantec consulted the California Built Environment Resource Directory (BERD) to determine if the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program contains any resources listed in or determined eligible for the NRHP or CRHR, designated as California Registered Historical Landmarks or California Points of Historical Interest, or evaluated in historic resource surveys and other planning activities. One resource listed in the BERD is within the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program and two resources are immediately adjacent. Of the three resources previously recorded in BERD, the Naval Weapons Station was previously determined eligible for the NRHP and is a historical resource as defined by CEQA.

Table 4. Previously Recorded BERD Resources
Name Address OHP Status Code(s) Within Housing
Opportunity Site/Main
Street Program?
Seal Beach Red Car Electric Avenue 7P No—adjacent
Naval Weapons Station 800 Seal Beach Blvd 2S2 No—adjacent Seal Beach Plaza 13962 Seal Beach Blvd 6Y Yes

4.3 City of Seal Beach Historic Resources
Stantec consulted with the City of Seal Beach to determine if the Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program contains any locally designated resources. One resource within the Main Street Program, the Bay Theater, is designated as a City historic resource under Resolution No. 6685. The Bay Theater is a historical resource as defined by CEQA.

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Table 5. City Historic Resources
Name Address OHP Status Code(s) Within Housing
Opportunity Site/Main
Street Program?
Bay Theater 340 Main Street 5S1 Yes

4.4 NAHC Sacred Lands File and Tribal Outreach
On January 18, 2024, Stantec contacted the NAHC in West Sacramento to conduct a Sacred Lands File (SLF) search of the Project area. The NAHC is the state’s official repository of sacred lands, sites, and resources recognized by California Native American tribes.

Andrew Green, NAHC Cultural Resources Analyst, responded via email to Stantec’s search request on February 14, 2024, that a review of the SLF was “positive” and recommended that the Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians and the Juaneno Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation – Belardes be contacted for further information. The NAHC provided Stantec with a list of local tribes that may have additional information regarding tribal cultural resources in the Project and vicinity.

The Project is subject to tribal consultation requirements under CEQA (i.e., AB 52), and the City is in the process of notifying local tribes of their opportunity to participate in government-to-government consultation regarding the Project’s potential impacts to tribal cultural resources. The results of this outreach and consultation are ongoing and will be described in the Project’s EIR. Mitigation measures will be proposed in that document, as appropriate.

4.5 Additional Research
Stantec conducted additional research on the history of the Housing Opportunity Sites, Main Street Program and the surrounding region. Sources included previous cultural survey reports, historic-period newspapers, U.S. Federal Decennial Population Census records, and secondary online reference materials. Historical maps and aerial images from the Sanborn Map Company, Nationwide Environmental Title Research (NETR), U.S. Geological Services (USGS), and University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) were also consulted. These included:
• 1931 Sanborn map
• 1938 UCSB aerial photograph
• 1947 UCSB aerial photograph
• 1952 NETR aerial photograph
• 1953 NETR aerial photograph
• 1963 NETR aerial photograph
• 1997 NETR aerial photograph
• 1998 NETR aerial photograph
• 1999 NETR aerial photograph
• 2000 NETR aerial photograph
• 2002 NETR aerial photograph
• 2003 NETR aerial photograph

I I I I I
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• 1967 USGS topographic map
• 1972 NETR aerial photograph
• 1988 NETR aerial photograph
• 1991 NETR aerial photograph
• 1992 NETR aerial photograph
• 1993 NETR aerial photograph
• 1994 NETR aerial photograph
• 1995 NETR aerial photograph
• 1996 NETR aerial photograph
• 2004 NETR aerial photograph
• 2005 NETR aerial photograph
• 2009 NETR aerial photograph
• 2010 NETR aerial photograph
• 2012 NETR aerial photograph
• 2014 NETR aerial photograph
• 2016 NETR aerial photograph
• 2019 NETR aerial photograph
• 2020 NETR aerial photograph
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5 Analysis of Project Impacts on Cultural Resources

5.1 Impacts to Built-Environment Historical Resources
The threshold for determining significant impacts to historical resources in the CEQA Guidelines is whether the proposed project would cause a substantial adverse change, which is defined as demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate vicinity such that the historical resource is materially impaired. A historical resource would be materially impaired if a project alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics that convey its significance and that justify its eligibility for inclusion in the NRHP, CRHR, and/or local register (14 CCR §15064.5[b][2]).

CEQA defines historical resources as (1) resources eligible for or listed in the CRHR and/or NRHP; (2) resources listed in a local register; or (3) resources identified as historically significant in a historic resources survey. Historical resources are also typically at least 50 years old because of NPS and OHP minimum-age requirements for NRHP and CRHR eligibility. Therefore, buildings, structures, sites, objects, and districts that meet this age threshold and have not been previously evaluated generally have the potential to be identified as historical resources unless a detailed evaluation is prepared demonstrating that it is not eligible for national, state, and/or local listing. For the purposes of evaluating a resource’s eligibility as a historical resource, a minimum-age threshold of 45 years is commonly recommended to account for the delay between resource identification and a CEQA lead agency’s approval of a project.

One historical resource, the Bay Theater, is within the Main Street Program area. One historical resource, the Naval Weapons Station, is located adjacent to Housing Opportunity Sites 1, 3, and 6. In addition, previously unidentified resources 45 years old or older have the potential to be historical resources as defined by CEQA due to their age. Sixteen buildings are potentially 45 years old or older on Housing Opportunity Sites 1–2, 4, and 6–8. An unknown number of buildings within the Main Street Program are 45 years old or older.

The Project would have no direct impacts on historical resources. It involves the establishment of a new zoning designation and rezoning of sites within the eight Housing Opportunity Sites and Main Street Program area. This action would not directly cause a substantial adverse change to historical resources due to demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration resulting in a loss of integrity.

The Project would potentially have indirect impacts on historical resources as it may facilitate future development activities that would directly or indirectly cause a substantial adverse change to historical resources. Two identified historical resources are within or adjacent to the Project area, as well as an unknown number of previously unevaluated resources 45 years old or older that have the potential to be historical resources. It is possible that future development activities may demolish or significantly alter these known and unknown historical resources or introduce a new visual element that alters a resource’s setting. As such, indirect impacts to historical resources would be potentially significant.

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Implementation of Mitigation Measure A, discussed below, would reduce impacts to historical resources.

This would be accomplished by requiring a process for the identification of historical resources and the analysis of potential impacts on historical resources resulting from future development activities.

Therefore, with the incorporation of Mitigation Measure A, the Project impacts would be less than significant.

The Project, in conjunction with other development in the City, has the potential to cumulatively impact historical resources. Unlike direct and indirect impacts, which tend to be site-specific, cumulative impacts would occur if the Project and related projects cumulatively affect historical resources. Potential cumulative impacts include impacts to historical resources in the immediate vicinity; changes within the same historic district or to the same historical resource; or involve resources that are examples of the same property type as those within the Project area. However, unless exempt, each cumulative project would require separate discretionary approval and evaluation under CEQA, which would address potential impacts to historical resources and identify necessary mitigation measures, where appropriate.

Therefore, with the implementation of mitigation and compliance with regulatory requirements, the Project’s contribution to cumulatively considerable impacts on historical resources would be less than significant.

To mitigate significant impacts to historical resources, the following Mitigation Measures are recommended:

A. Development Review Process for Historical Resources
Prior to approval of discretionary projects at any of the eight Housing Opportunity Sites or within the Main Street Program area, City staff shall determine whether the project applicant should conduct further study to assess the project’s potential impacts on historical resources. Further study is required if the project is located on the same parcel or within 100 feet of a known historical resource. Further study is also required if the project is located on the same parcel as a building, structure, or object 45 years old or older from the date the discretionary permit application was filed. If further study is necessary, the City shall require the project applicant to retain a qualified architectural historian who meets the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualification Standards in architectural history. The qualified consultant shall prepare a Historical Resource Evaluation Report (HRER). The HRER should involve a CHRIS and BERD records search and preparation of a historic context. If a building, structure, or object on the parcel is 45 years old or older and has not been previously identified as a historical resource, the consultant should prepare an evaluation for NRHP, CRHR, and local landmark eligibility per NPS, OHP, and City guidelines. All evaluated resources should be documented on DPR 523 Forms. The qualified consultant should analyze potential project impacts and provide recommendations for avoiding or otherwise mitigating potentially significant impacts to historical resources, which shall be enforced as conditions of approval for the project.

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5.2 Impacts to Archaeological Resources
CEQA requires a lead agency to determine if an archaeological cultural resource meets the definition of a historical resource, a unique archaeological resource, or neither (CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(c)).

Prior to considering potential impacts, the lead agency must determine whether an archaeological cultural resource meets the definition of a historical resource in CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(c)(1). If the archaeological cultural resource meets the definition of a historical resource, then it is treated like any other type of historical resource in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.4. If the archaeological cultural resource does not meet the definition of a historical resource, then the lead agency determines if it meets the definition of a unique archaeological resource as defined in CEQA Section 21083.2(g). In practice, however, most archaeological sites that meet the definition of a unique archaeological resource will also meet the definition of a historical resource. Should the archaeological cultural resource meet the definition of a unique archaeological resource, then it must be treated in accordance with CEQA Section 21083.2. If the archaeological cultural resource does not meet the definition of a historical resource or a unique archaeological resource, then effects to the resource are not considered significant effects on the environment (CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(c)(4)).

As discussed in Section 4.1 of this report, three archaeological cultural resources have been identified at, or in the vicinity of, one of the Housing Opportunity Sites: P-30-000143, P-30-000264, and P-30-001546.

The status of these three archaeological cultural resources is unknown at this time, including their integrity (i.e., whether these sites contain intact subsurface archaeological deposits) and their eligibility for listing in either the CRHR or NRHP. At least two of these sites have reported Native American human remains, and regardless of these sites’ statuses as historical resources or unique archaeological resources under CEQA, the presence of such remains triggers protections under sections of the California PRC and HSC, as described in Sections 2.5 and 2.6 of this report. Additionally, other precontact and historic-period archaeological cultural resources have been identified in Seal Beach, and the potential to unearth buried archaeological deposits during development cannot be ruled out and should be assessed on a project and site-specific basis.

The Project, therefore, may have direct impacts on known archaeological cultural resources (including those that qualify as “historical resources” and “unique archaeological resources” under CEQA) as well as previously unrecorded cultural resources that could be unearthed during ground disturbance. Future development facilitated by the proposed Project could cause a substantial adverse change to archaeological cultural resources due to their demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration resulting in a loss of integrity. As such, impacts to archaeological cultural resources would be potentially significant.

Implementation of Mitigation Measures B–C discussed below would reduce the significant impacts to archaeological cultural resources, specifically those that qualify as historical resources and unique archaeological resources under CEQA. With implementation of the recommended mitigation measures, impacts would be reduced to less than significant. The Project, in conjunction with other development in the City, has the potential to cumulatively impact archaeological cultural resources and human remains.

Development within the City also has the potential to adversely affect archaeological cultural resources and human remains through their destruction or disturbance. Before mitigation, development within the Housing Opportunity Sites, as well as other local recent and current developments, have the potential to IJ
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cause adverse cumulative impacts to archaeological cultural resources due to their destruction or loss of historical integrity. However, unless exempt, each cumulative project would require separate discretionary approval and evaluation under CEQA, which would address potential archaeological impacts and identify necessary mitigation measures, where appropriate. Therefore, the Project would not result in a cumulatively considerable impact related to archaeological resources and cumulative impacts would be less than significant.

The residential component of the ORCC Specific Plan Project is located in an area of high sensitivity for precontact Native American resources. Additional study of this future development is recommended to fully assess future project impacts on historical resources, archaeological resources, and tribal cultural resources. Specific impact findings associated with the development of the ORCC Specific Plan Project are being evaluated separately by the City in a standalone EIR.

To mitigate significant impacts to archaeological cultural resources, specifically those that qualify as historical resources and unique archaeological resources under CEQA, the following mitigation measures are recommended:

B. Development Review Process for Archaeological Resources Prior to approval of discretionary projects that include ground-disturbing activities, City staff shall conduct a records search at the South Central Coastal Information Center to review the current data on file for the project location. If it is determined that known archaeological cultural resources are within a 0.25-mile radius of the project site, the City shall require the project applicant to retain a qualified archaeologist who meets the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualification Standards in Archeology to assess the project’s potential impacts to archaeological cultural resources. Further study may include a survey of the project location; controlled excavation to determine the presence of subsurface archaeological deposits; a review of relevant literature, including historical maps and published archaeological and ethnographic sources; and consultation with local Native American tribes. The cultural resources professional shall provide recommendations for avoiding or otherwise mitigating potentially significant impacts to archaeological cultural resources and human remains, which shall be enforced as conditions of approval for the project. Implementation of this mitigation measure would reduce potentially significant impacts to historical resources and unique archaeological resources to less than significant.

C. Human Remains
The City shall use the development review process to identify human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries, and follow the appropriate procedures outlined under HSC Section 7050.5 and PRC Section 5097.98. Should human remains be found on a project site, no further excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent human remains shall be disturbed until the Orange County Coroner is contacted and determines that no investigation of the cause of death is required. If an investigation is required, and the coroner determines the remains to be Native American, then: (1) the coroner would contact the NAHC within 24 hours; (2) the NAHC would identify the person or persons it believes IJ
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to be the MLD from the deceased Native American; (3) the MLD may make recommendations to the landowner or the person responsible for the excavation work for means of treating or disposing of, with appropriate dignity, the human remains and any associated grave goods as provided in PRC Section 5097.98. Implementation of this mitigation measure would likely reduce potentially significant impacts to human remains to less than significant. 6 Conclusions
The Project has the potential to have direct, indirect, and/or cumulative impacts on built-environment historical resources and archaeological cultural resources. Project impacts to built-environment historical resources may be potentially significant. Implementation of the recommended mitigation measures discussed in this report by the lead agency would reduce the impact to built-environment historical resources to a less than significant level. The Project impacts to built-environment historical resources would therefore be less than significant with the incorporation of mitigation. Project impacts to archaeological cultural resources and human remains may also be potentially significant, and mitigation is proposed to reduce this impact to less than significant.

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Cultural Resources Assessment Report
7 References
Project Number: 2042665000 49
Warren, Claude N.
1968 “Cultural Tradition and Ecological Adaptation on the Southern California Coast.” Eastern New Mexico University Contributions in Anthropology, 1 (3):1–4.

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Appendix E
Paleontological Resources
Technical Report

PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES

TECHNICAL REPORT FOR THE CITY OF

SEAL BEACH HOUSING ELEMENT AND

ZONING CODE UPDATES PROJECT,

ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
An analysis of existing data in support of
CEQA review
October 25, 2024
Prepared for:

City of Seal Beach
Community Development Department
211 Eighth Street
Seal Beach, CA 90740
Prepared by:

Alyssa Bell, Ph.D.

Principal Paleontologist
and
Ceara Purcell, M.S.

Paleontologist
Stantec Project Number:
2042665000
() Stantec
Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
Project Number: 2042665000
The conclusions in the Report are Stantec’s professional opinion, as of the time of the Report, and concerning the scope described in the Report. The opinions in the document are based on conditions and information existing at the time the document was published and do not take into account any subsequent changes. The Report relates solely to the specific project for which Stantec was retained and the stated purpose for which the Report was prepared. The Report is not to be used or relied on for any variation or extension of the project, or for any other project or purpose, and any unauthorized use or reliance is at the recipient’s own risk.

Stantec has assumed all information received from the Client and third parties in the preparation of the Report to be correct. While Stantec has exercised a customary level of judgment or due diligence in the use of such information, Stantec assumes no responsibility for the consequences of any error or omission contained therein.

This Report is intended solely for use by the Client in accordance with Stantec’s contract with the Client.

While the Report may be provided to applicable authorities having jurisdiction and others for whom the Client is responsible, Stantec does not warrant the services to any third party. The report may not be relied upon by any other party without the express written consent of Stantec, which may be withheld at Stantec’s discretion.

Prepared by:

Signature
Ceara Purcell, M.S.

Printed Name
Reviewed by:

Signature
Matthew Cline, M.S.

Printed Name
Approved by:

Signature
Alyssa Bell, Ph.D.

Printed Name
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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
Project Number: 2042665000 ii
Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...........................................................................................................III ACRONYMS / ABBREVIATIONS.............................................................................................. V GLOSSARY..............................................................................................................................VI 1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Project Description ........................................................................................................................ 1

1.2 Project Location............................................................................................................................. 2

1.3 Paleontological Resources............................................................................................................ 2

2.0 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK .................................................................................... 6

2.1 State of California .......................................................................................................................... 6

2.1.1 California Environmental Quality Act............................................................................................. 6

2.1.2 Public Resources Code................................................................................................................. 6

2.1.3 California Coastal Act.................................................................................................................... 6

2.2 City of Seal Beach......................................................................................................................... 6

2.2.1 General Plan.................................................................................................................................. 6

3.0 PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS................................................................................... 7

4.0 METHODOLOGY.......................................................................................................... 7

4.1 Analysis of Existing Data............................................................................................................... 8

4.2 Paleontological Potential ............................................................................................................... 8

4.3 Paleontological Impacts Assessment............................................................................................ 9

5.0 RESULTS ...................................................................................................................10

5.1 Geologic Setting .......................................................................................................................... 10

5.2 Project Area Geology and Paleontology ..................................................................................... 10

5.3 Potential Impacts to Paleontological Resources from Project Activities ..................................... 16

6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS...........................17

7.0 REFERENCES ...........................................................................................................19 List of Tables
Table 1 Paleontological potential of geologic units within the Project area ................................................13 Table 2 Summary of the records search from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County .........14

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Project Vicinity .............................................................................................................................. 3 Figure 2. Project Area ................................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 3. Geologic Map of the Project Area................................................................................................12

LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A. Records Search Results from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County A-1 IJ
Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
Project Number: 2042665000 iii
Executive Summary
Stantec Consulting Services Inc. (Stantec) conducted a paleontological resources assessment on behalf of the City of Seal Beach (the City) for the City’s Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project (the Project) composed of eight separate sites totaling 83.45 acres throughout Seal Beach in Orange County, California. Proposed updates to the Housing Element include the identification of eight Housing Opportunity Sites and the Main Street Program, a modification of the existing Main Street Specific Plan to provide additional residential developments at currently unspecified locations.

This paleontological study was conducted in support of California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review of the Project, including the eight specific Housing Opportunity Sites and the Main Street Program area. The proposed Project is subject to CEQA requirements regarding the Project's potential impacts on paleontological resources, with the City serving as the lead agency for the Project. As part of CEQA compliance, a paleontological resources assessment was conducted to assess potential impacts of the proposed Project on paleontological resources.

This assessment consisted of an analysis of existing data including a museum records search from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County and a review of the most recent geologic mapping, relevant scientific literature, and the online collections of the University of California Museum of Paleontology. This research was used to assign paleontological potential rankings of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology (2010) to the geologic units present in the Project area, either at the surface or in the subsurface.

The results of this study indicate that four geologic units are likely present in the Project area: beach and paralic estuarine deposits, which are assessed as having low paleontological potential; unit 2 of young alluvium which is assessed as having low-to-high paleontological potential, increasing with depth, and old shallow marine deposits on a wave-cut surface, which are assessed as having high paleontological potential. Additionally, older Pleistocene-aged marine formations with high paleontological potential such as the San Pedro Formation, Palos Verdes Sand, the Lomita Marl, and the Timms Point Silt may be present in the subsurface, underlying the other units. Should fossils with scientific importance be encountered during one of the resulting development projects from the updates to the Housing Element, the damage or destruction of the resources would constitute an indirect adverse impact of this Project.

In order to reduce such impacts to less than significant, Stantec recommends a qualified paleontologist meeting professional standards as defined by Murphey et al. (2019) be retained as the designated Project Paleontologist to review project-specific construction plans and develop a project-specific paleontological mitigation program. The mitigation program should include the following components:
• For each development the Project Paleontologist should develop and oversee the implementation of a Paleontological Monitoring and Mitigation Plan tailored to specific construction plans and geotechnical studies, should these be available, that identifies when or under what conditions paleontological monitoring should be implemented. The plan should include provisions for worker training, roles and qualifications of paleontology staff following those of Murphey et al. (2019), IJ
Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
Project Number: 2042665000 iv
depths and locations for monitoring, types of work to be monitored, monitoring procedures, requirements for final reporting of the results of the mitigation program, and fossil discovery protocols for work stoppage, assessment, and possible salvage and curation, in the event a fossil is found during construction.
• Fulltime paleontological monitoring is warranted when work occurs in the geologic units assessed as having high paleontological potential in this study: when over 5 foot in depth in unit 2 of the young alluvium, or at any depth in old shallow marine deposits on a wave-cut surface, the San Pedro Formation, the Paleo Verdes Sand, the Lomita Marl, and the Timms Point Silt. Work into previously disturbed sediments, beach deposits, paralic estuarine deposits, or the upper 5 feet unit 2 of the young alluvium does not require monitoring. After the initiation of the monitoring work, the Project Paleontologist may reduce the frequency or depths of monitoring should low paleontological potential sediments be identified in the monitoring area. • The Project Paleontologist should develop a Worker’s Environmental Awareness Program training that communicates requirements and procedures for the inadvertent discovery of fossils during construction, to be delivered by the paleontological monitor to the construction crew prior to the onset of ground disturbance.
• In the event that paleontological resources are encountered during construction activities, work should stop in a safe radius of the finds, usually 50 feet, while the paleontological monitor documents the find. If a monitor is not onsite at the time of discovery, such as for an inadvertent discovery in an area of low paleontological potential, work should stop until the Project Paleontologist can assess the find. The Project Paleontologist shall assess the find. Should the Project Paleontologist assess the find as scientifically important, the find shall be collected and curated in an accredited repository along with associated data such as photographs, GPS coordinates, lithological descriptions, and depth data, as well as curation fees.

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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
Project Number: 2042665000 v
Acronyms / Abbreviations
bgs Below ground surface
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
City City of Seal Beach
GIS Geographic Information System
LACM Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
Ma Million years ago
PRC Public Resources Code
Project Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project RHD Residential High Density
RHNA Regional Housing Needs Assessment
Stantec Stantec Consulting Services Inc.

SVP Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
UCMP University of California Museum of Paleontology
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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
Project Number: 2042665000 vi
Glossary
Paleontological Monitor An individual who has academic training (B.S., B.A., M.A., or M.S.) with an emphasis in paleontology or demonstrated equivalent experience (a minimum of two years of cumulative professional or nonprofessional work in laboratory preparation, curation, or field work related to paleontology, as well as documented self-taught knowledge of the discipline of paleontology). [Murphey et al. 2019] Paleontological Monitoring Observation of construction activities by a paleontological technician, under supervision of the Paleontological Principal Investigator. Monitoring may be fulltime (observation of the entire duration of a particular activity) or consist of a spot check (observation of a portion of the activity or of an area following the activity).

Paleontological Resource Fossils and fossiliferous deposits, here defined as consisting of identifiable vertebrate fossils, large or small, uncommon invertebrate, plant, and trace fossils, and other data that provide taphonomic, taxonomic, phylogenetic, paleoecologic, stratigraphic, and/or biochronologic information. Paleontological resources are considered to be older than recorded human history and/or older than middle Holocene (i.e., older than about 5,000 radiocarbon years) [Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 2010]
Project Paleontologist Someone with an advanced academic degree (M.A., M.S. or Ph.D.) with an emphasis in paleontology or demonstrated equivalent professional experience (e.g., minimum of 3 years [or 75 projects] of project experience with paleontological mitigation is considered equivalent to a graduate degree), in combination with 2 years (or 50 projects) of demonstrated professional experience and competency with paleontological resource mitigation projects at the level of field supervisor. [Murphey et al. 2019] IJ
Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
1 Introduction
Project Number: 2042665000 1
1 Introduction
Stantec Consulting Services Inc. (Stantec) conducted a paleontological resources assessment on behalf of the City of Seal Beach (the City) for the City’s Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project (the Project) on eight separate sites totaling 83.45 acres of land throughout the City, in Orange County, California. This paleontological study was conducted in support of the City’s Housing Elements Updates in compliance with state mandated requirements for local governments to identify adequate sites for housing to meet existing and projected housing needs for various income-levels in the community.

1.1 Project Description
California State law requires each city and county to adopt a General Plan for its physical development.

The City’s most recent General Plan was adopted in December 2003. The Housing Element is one of seven State-mandated General Plan elements, which is required to be updated every eight years. The City is preparing the Housing Element Update to comply with the legal mandate requiring each local government to identify adequate sites for housing to meet the existing and projected housing needs for varying income-levels in the community. It is intended to provide the City with a comprehensive strategy for promoting the production of safe, decent and affordable housing and affirmatively furthering fair housing during the housing cycle.

The Housing Element, which integrates and updates supporting socioeconomic, demographic, and household data, is specifically intended to accommodate the City’s Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) allocation of 1,243 new dwelling units. The RHNA allocated regional housing needs by incomelevel among member jurisdictions. This assessment report evaluates the potentially significant, adverse, and beneficial impacts to paleontological resources that may result from the Project, which involves implementation of the Housing Element and Zoning Code Update, including establishment of the new zoning designation and rezoning of sites resulting from Project implementation which would result in increased densification of residential uses.

The Housing Element Update identifies Housing Opportunity Sites throughout the City that have the potential for providing additional housing to meet the City’s RHNA allocation. The sites are broken into two categories: (a) underutilized sites that do not require zoning code changes and (b) sites where zoning modifications are proposed. The Housing Element Update identifies eight Housing Opportunity Sites, two of which are underutilized sites that do not require rezoning and the remaining six sites are proposed for zoning modifications. Out of the six Housing Opportunity Sites proposed for rezoning, five would be rezoned to Mixed Commercial/Residential High Density (RHD), a new zoning designation that is IJ
Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
1 Introduction
Project Number: 2042665000 2
proposed to be implemented. The remaining site would be rezoned to the City’s existing RHD-33 zoning designation.

In addition to the Housing Opportunity Sites, the Housing Element Update includes a proposal of the Main Street Program which is analyzed in this report. The Housing Element Update’s Main Street Program does not identify specific housing opportunity sites but would modify the existing Main Street Specific Plan to allow for residential units to be developed at select properties located within the Main Street Specific Plan area.

The assessment contained herein assumes the development of the eight Housing Opportunity Sites totaling approximately 83.45 acres (with a developable acreage of 35.05 acres) at 100 percent of the maximum allowable density resulting in the potential for 1,491 new dwelling units to be developed within the City. Additionally, though 100 percent buildout under the Main Street Program would allow for development of up to 163 new dwelling units, it is unlikely that 100 percent buildout within the Main Street Program area would occur and therefore, the assessment contained herein assumes the development under the Main Street Program at 70 precent of maximum buildout resulting in the potential for 115 new dwelling units to be developed within the Main Street Program area.

1.2 Project Location
The City is located at the northwestern edge of Orange County, California. The City borders the City of Long Beach and Los Angeles County to the northwest, the Orange County Cities of Los Alamitos to the north, Westminster to the east, Huntington Beach to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest (Figure 1). The Project area is currently comprised of eight Housing Opportunity Sites dispersed throughout the City and totaling 83.45 acres (Figure 2). However, the majority of the Housing Opportunity Sites would only allow for development within portions of the overall Housing Opportunity Site due to existing development and therefore, the total developable acres for the Housing Opportunity Sites is 35.05 acres. Additionally, the Project area includes the Main Street Program area. The Main Street Program falls within the boundaries of the existing Main Street Specific Plan area located within the City.

Development potential for the Main Street Program is not based on potential developable acreage but rather the number of units that could be developed at select locations within the Main Street Program area.

Specifically, the Project area is located in portions of Section 31, Township 04 South, Range 11 West and Sections 1, 11, 12, 13, and 14, Township 04 South, Range 12 West, as depicted on the Los Alamitos and Seal Beach, California United States Geological Survey 7.5-minute series topographic quadrangles.

1.3 Paleontological Resources
Fossils are any evidence of ancient life, defined by the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology (SVP) (2010) as being over 5,000 years in age, or middle Holocene. While CEQA does not define a significance threshold for paleontological resources, the standards of the SVP (2010) are often used in the absence of a legal definition. The SVP defines scientifically important fossils as:

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1 City of Seal Beach
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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
1 Introduction
Project Number: 2042665000 5
identifiable vertebrate fossils, large or small, uncommon invertebrate, plant, and trace fossils, and other data that provide taphonomic, taxonomic, phylogenetic, paleoecologic, stratigraphic, and/or biochronologic information. Paleontological resources are considered to be older than recorded human history and/or older than middle Holocene (i.e., older than about 5,000 radiocarbon years). [SVP 2010: 11].

Using this definition, the concept of scientific importance is included in the definition of paleontological resources; thus, not all fossils are considered to be paleontological resources. The threshold for scientific importance varies with factors such as geologic unit, geographic area, the current state of scientific research, and may also vary between different agencies (Murphey et al. 2019). Paleontological studies have developed criteria for the assessment of scientific importance of fossil discoveries (e.g., Murphey et al. 2019, Scott and Springer 2003). In general, these studies assess fossils as scientifically important if one or more of the following criteria apply:
• The fossils provide information on the evolutionary relationships and developmental trends among organisms, living or extinct.
• The fossils provide data useful in determining the age(s) of the rock unit or sedimentary stratum, including data important in determining the depositional history of the region and the timing of geologic events, through biochronology or biostratigraphy and the correlation with isotopic dating.
• The fossils provide ecological data, such as the development of biological communities, the interaction between paleobotanical and paleozoological biotas, or the biogeography of lineages.
• The fossils demonstrate unusual or spectacular circumstances in the history of life. • The fossils provide information on the preservational pathways of paleontological resources, including taphonomy, diagenesis, or preservational biases in the fossil record. • The fossils are in short supply and/or in danger of being depleted or destroyed by the elements, vandalism, or commercial exploitation, and are not found in other geographic locations. • The fossils inform our understanding of anthropogenic affects to global environments or climate.

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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California

2.0 Regulatory Framework
Project Number: 2042665000 6

2.0 Regulatory Framework
California has enacted multiple laws and regulations that provide for the protection of paleontological resources. This investigation was conducted to meet these requirements regarding paleontological resources on the lands proposed for development.

2.1 State of California

2.1.1 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT
CEQA (Public Resources Code [PRC] Sections 21000 et seq) requires that before approving most discretionary projects, the Lead Agency must identify and examine any significant adverse environmental effects that may result from activities associated with such projects. As updated in 2016, CEQA separates the consideration of paleontological resources from cultural resources (PRC Section 21083.09). The Appendix G checklist (Title 14, Division 6, Chapter 3, California Code of Regulations 15000 et seq.) requires an answer to the question, “Will the proposed project directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature?” Under these requirements, Stantec has conducted a paleontological resources assessment to determine impacts of the proposed project on paleontological resources within the Project area.

2.1.2 PUBLIC RESOURCES CODE
The California PRC (Chapter 1.7, Section 5097) includes additional state-level requirements for the assessment and management of paleontological resources. These statutes require reasonable mitigation of adverse impacts to paleontological resources resulting from development on state lands, define the removal of paleontological sites or features from state lands as a misdemeanor, and prohibit the removal of any paleontological site or feature from state land without permission of the applicable jurisdictional agency.

2.1.3 CALIFORNIA COASTAL ACT
The California Coastal Act (PRC Division 20) requires reasonable mitigation measures where development would adversely impact archaeological or paleontological resources that have been designated by the State Historic Preservation Officer (Section 30244).

2.2 City of Seal Beach

2.2.1 GENERAL PLAN
The City’s General Plan (2003) includes paleontological resources in the Cultural Resources Element, the purpose of which is to preserve historic, archaeologic, and paleontological resources within the City. The City requires assessment of development proposals for potential impacts to significant paleontological resources pursuant to Section 15064.5 of CEQA. If a project involves earthwork, the City requires a study IJ
Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California

3.0 Professional Standards
Project Number: 2042665000 7
conducted by a professional paleontologist to assess if paleontological assets are present and if the project will significantly impact the resources. If significant impacts are identified, the City requires the project to either be modified to avoid impacting the paleontological materials or require measures to mitigate the impacts.

3.0 Professional Standards
A variety of professional guidelines have been developed that outline protocols and practices for conducting mitigation paleontology. In particular, some studies have focused on establishing best practices for conducting mitigation paleontology, including resource assessments and surveys, monitoring and other forms of mitigation, and data and fossil recovery in a mitigation context, which differs from academic paleontology in the constraints of working on construction sites and schedules as well as the purpose of mitigation paleontology as a tool for regulatory compliance (Landon 2006; Murphey et al. 2019; Scott and Springer 2003; SVP 2010). Furthermore, a robust body of scientific literature exists outlining best practices for paleontological data collection and management of fossils and fossil localities, some of which is authored by agency representatives (Lucas et al. 2006 and references therein; Santucci and McClelland 2001 references therein; Santucci and Koch 2003; Santucci et al. 2009).

This study conforms to these industry best practices.

4.0 Methodology
The paleontological resources assessment reported herein consisted of an analysis of existing data incorporating a museum records search from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (LACM) and a review of the scientific literature, geologic mapping, and the online database of the University of California Museum of Paleontology (UCMP). To assess if paleontological resources are likely to be encountered in any given area, the paleontological potential of the geologic units present in the area is assessed. Paleontological potential is derived from the known fossil data collected from the geologic unit as a whole, not just from a specific survey or study. Paleontological potential of a geologic unit consists of both (a) the potential for yielding abundant vertebrate fossils or for yielding scientifically important fossils, whether large or small, vertebrate, invertebrate, plant, or trace fossils and (b) the importance of recovered evidence for new and scientifically important taxonomic, phylogenetic, paleoecologic, taphonomic, biochronologic, or stratigraphic data (SVP 2010).

The paleontological assessment presented here was conducted by Stantec Principal Paleontologist Alyssa Bell, Ph.D. Background research was conducted by Paleontologist Ceara Purcell, M.S.

Geographic Information System (GIS) maps were drafted by GIS Technician Kayla de la Pena, B.S. This report was authored by Dr. Bell with the assistance of Ms. Purcell and reviewed by Paleontologist Matthew Cline, M.S. Stantec’s work in support of the Project was managed by Anna Radonich, B.S., who coordinated Stantec’s work and provided quality assurance and control.

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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California

4.0 Methodology
Project Number: 2042665000 8

4.1 Analysis of Existing Data
In order to assess the paleontological potential of the Project area, the most recent geologic mapping of the Project area was consulted to identify the geologic units present at the surface or likely present in the subsurface. A records search was requested from the LACM on January 24, 2024, with results received on January 28, 2024 (Appendix A). The search returned the closest known paleontological localities of the LACM to the Project sites from geological units present in the Project area, either at the surface or in the subsurface. A review of the scientific literature was conducted to determine the history of each of the geologic units mapped as present at the surface or likely present in the subsurface of the Project area for preserving paleontological resources. A search was conducted of the UCMP’s online database on January 26, 2024, and updated on October 18, 2024 for Pleistocene-aged localities from Los Angeles and Orange Counties. The UCMP’s database does not provide specific geographic locations beyond the county the fossils were recovered from but does include locality names that can sometimes be used to infer the general area of the locality.

4.2 Paleontological Potential
The results of the analysis of existing data were used to assign the paleontological potential rankings of the SVP (2010) to the geologic units likely present in the Project area. These rankings are designed to inform the development of appropriate mitigation measures for the protection of paleontological resources and are widely accepted as industry standards in paleontological mitigation (Murphey et al. 2019; Scott and Springer 2003). These rankings are as follows:

High Potential. Rock units from which vertebrate or significant invertebrate, plant, or trace fossils have been recovered are considered to have a high potential for containing additional significant paleontological resources. Rock units classified as having high potential for producing paleontological resources include, but are not limited to, sedimentary formations that are temporally or lithologically suitable for the preservation of fossils (e. g., middle Holocene and older, fine-grained fluvial sandstones, argillaceous and carbonate-rich paleosols, cross-bedded point bar sandstones, fine-grained marine sandstones, etc.), some volcaniclastic formations (e. g., ashes or tephras), and some low-grade metamorphic rocks.

Undetermined Potential. Rock units for which little information is available in the literature or museum records concerning their paleontological content, geologic age, and depositional environment are considered to have undetermined potential. Further study and field work is necessary to determine if these rock units have high or low potential to contain significant paleontological resources.

Low Potential. Rock units that are poorly represented by fossil specimens in institutional collections or, based on general scientific consensus, only preserve fossils in rare circumstances (e. g., basalt flows or Recent colluvium) have low paleontological potential.

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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California

4.0 Methodology
Project Number: 2042665000 9
No Potential. Some rock units have no potential to contain significant paleontological resources, for instance high-grade metamorphic rocks (such as gneisses and schists) and plutonic igneous rocks (such as granites and diorites).

4.3 Paleontological Impacts Assessment
Following the assessment of paleontological potential, an impacts assessment was conducted comparing anticipated development activities resulting from the proposed Housing Element Updates with mapped geologic units and their paleontological potential. As specific activities are not known at this time, the impacts assessment conducted is restricted to generalities of possible ground disturbance. Where potential adverse impacts from Project activities were identified, mitigation recommendations were developed to reduce those impacts to less than significant.

Impacts to paleontological resources can be classified as direct, indirect, or cumulative. Impacts can also be considered as adverse impacts or as beneficial impacts. Direct adverse impacts on paleontological resources are the result of damage or destruction of these nonrenewable resources by surface disturbing actions including construction excavations. Therefore, in areas that contain paleontologically sensitive geologic units, ground disturbance has the potential to adversely impact paleontological resources by damaging or destroying them and rendering them permanently unavailable to science and society.

Beneficial direct impacts, however, may result when paleontological resources are identified during construction and appropriately documented and salvaged, thus ensuring the specimens are protected for future study and education.

Indirect impacts typically include those effects which result from the continuing implementation of management decisions and resulting activities, including normal ongoing operations of facilities constructed within a given project area. Human activities that increase erosion can also cause indirect impacts to surface and subsurface fossils as the result of exposure, transport, weathering, and reburial.

Cumulative adverse impacts can result from incrementally minor but collectively significant actions taking place over time. The incremental loss of paleontological resources over time from construction-related surface disturbance or vandalism and unlawful collection would represent a significant cumulative adverse impact, because it would result in the destruction of non-renewable paleontological resources and the associated irretrievable loss of scientific information.

The impact assessment conducted here takes into consideration potential development activities and the geology of the eight Housing Opportunity Sites as well as the Main Street Program area, including the possibility of subsurface geologic units having a different paleontological potential than surficial units. For example, younger surficial sediments (alluvium, lacustrine, eolian, etc.) have low potential to preserve paleontological resources due to their age; yet sediments increase in age with depth and so these surficial deposits often overly older units that have high paleontological potential. In areas with this underlying geologic setting surficial work may be of low risk for impacting paleontological resources while activities that require excavations below the depth of the surficial deposits would be at greater risk of impacting paleontological resources. For this reason, and because specifics of future development such IJ
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Project Number: 2042665000 10
as depths of ground disturbance are not known at this time, this impact assessment takes into consideration both the surface and subsurface geology of the Project sites overall.

5.0 RESULTS

5.1 Geologic Setting
The Project area is located in the Los Angeles Basin, a structural depression approximately 50 miles long and 20 miles wide in the northernmost Peninsular Ranges geomorphic province and just to the south of the Transverse Ranges geomorphic province (Ingersoll and Rumelhart 1999). The Los Angeles Basin developed as a result of tectonic forces and the San Andreas fault zone, with subsidence occurring 18 to 3 million years ago (Ma) (Critelli et al. 1995). Sediments dating back to the Cretaceous (66 Ma) are preserved in the basin, but continuous sedimentation did not begin until the middle Miocene (around 13 Ma) (Yerkes et al. 1965). Thousands of feet of accumulation have resulted from sediments eroding into the basin from the surrounding highlands since that time (Yerkes et al. 1965). Until sea level dropped in the Pleistocene, most sediments deposited in the basin were marine. Following sea level fall, depositional of terrestrial alluvial sediments began, forming the uppermost units in the Los Angeles Basin.

The Los Angeles Basin is subdivided into four structural blocks. The Project occurs in the roughly rectangular Southwestern Block, most of which is beneath the Pacific Ocean, that extends 28 miles from the northwest to the southeast and is bound in the northwest by the Santa Monica Mountains (Yerkes et al. 1965). In the Southwestern Block sediments are about 20,500 feet thick (Yerkes et al. 1965). The coastal margin of the Southwestern Block, where the Project is located, is characterized by a series of emergent marine wave-cut terraces capped by paralic deposits, or interfingering marine and continental sediments (Saucedo et al. 2016).

5.2 Project Area Geology and Paleontology
Geologic mapping by Saucedo et al. (2016) indicates the surface of the Project area consists of recent beach deposits, Holocene to late Pleistocene alluvial deposits and paralic estuarine deposits as well as middle to late Pleistocene shallow marine deposits on wave-cut terraces (Figure 3). The San Pedro Formation is also likely present in the subsurface (Table 1). These geologic units are described below.

Beach deposits (Qb in Figure 3). Beach deposits are mapped in the southwestern portion of the map and underlie the southwestern edge of the Main Street Program area (Saucedo et al. 2016). These sediments are composed of unconsolidated, well-sorted fine- to coarse-grained sand that date from the late Holocene (Saucedo et al. 2016). Given their age, they are too young to preserve fossils and so are assigned low paleontological potential. However, they may be underlain at an unknown depth by older units with high paleontological potential.

Paralic estuarine deposits (Qpe in Figure 3). Paralic estuarine deposits are mapped in the southern portion of the Project area, underlying the 99 Marine Drive site (Saucedo et al. 2016). These sediments are unconsolidated loose to moderately dense fine-grained sand, silt, and clay deposited in an estuarine IJ
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5.0 RESULTS
Project Number: 2042665000 11
setting that date to the late Holocene (Saucedo et al. 2016). As for beach deposits, they are too young to preserve fossils and so are assigned low paleontological potential. However, they may be underlain at an unknown depth by older units with high paleontological potential.

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3: Accurate Storage
1: 1780 Pacific Coast
8: 99 Marina Drive
2: Leisure World
5: Old Ranch
Town Center
7: Seal
Beach
Center
6: Seal Beach Plaza
4: Shops at
Rossmoor
af
af
Qype
Qom
Qom
Qpe water
Qom Qom Qya2
Qya2
Qom
Qya2 Qya2
Qya2
Qya2
Qya2
Qya2
Qya2
Qya2
water
Qya2
Qya2
water
Qya2
Qom
Qom
Qom
Qya2
af
water
af
af
water
af
af
af
Qom
Qype water
af
water
af
water
af
water
Qom Qype
Qom
Qpe Qom
Qpe
Qb
water
Qyf
Qpe
water
water
water
water
water
water
water
water
Qpe
Qpe
af Qpe
3 City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Main Street Program
Geology
water
af: Artificial fill
Qb: Beach deposits
Qpe: Paralic estuarine deposits
Qya2: Young alluvium, Unit 2
Qyf: Young alluvial fan deposits
Qype: Young paralic estuarine
deposits
Qom: Old shallow marine
deposits on wave-cut surface
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-22 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-22
IR by AB on 2024-10-22
Geologic Map of the Project Area
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024, California Dept of Conservation, NGMDB

3. Background: USA Topo Maps: Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed
World Ocean Base: Esri, GEBCO, Garmin, NaturalVue
World Ocean Reference: Esri, GEBCO, Garmin, NGS
(At original document size of 8.5x11) "( 1:32,000
$$
¯
0 0.2 0.4
Miles
() Stantec
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5.0 RESULTS
Project Number: 2042665000 13
Table 1 Paleontological potential of geologic units within the Project area Geologic Unit Age Occurrence within Project
area
Paleontological
Potential*
Beach deposits Late Holocene Surface - Main Street Program area Low Paralic Estuarine
Deposits
Late Holocene Surface - 99 Marina Drive Low
Young alluvium Unit 2 Holocene and late
Pleistocene
Surface - Shops at Rossmoor, Old
Ranch Town Center, Leisure World,
Seal Beach Plaza
Low-to-High,
increasing with
depth
Old shallow marine
deposits on a wave-cut
surface
Late to middle
Pleistocene
Surface - Accurate Storage, Seal
Beach Center, 1780 Pacific Coast,
and the Main Street Program area
High
Older Pleistocene-aged
Formations
Middle to early
Pleistocene
Subsurface – possible across
Project area
High
*ranking based on the SVP (2010) classifications
Young alluvium, Unit 2 (Qya2 in Figure 3). Young alluvium, Unit 2 is mapped throughout the northeastern portion of the Project area, underlying the Shops at Rossmoor, Old Ranch Town Center, Leisure World, and Seal Beach Plaza sites (Saucedo et al. 2016). These sediments consist of poorly consolidated and poorly sorted flood-plain deposits of soft clay, silt, and loose to moderately dense sand and silty sand that date from the Holocene and late Pleistocene (Saucedo et al. 2016). As such, they range in age to over 11,700 years, the end of the late Pleistocene. As fossils are 5,000 years in age and older, the deeper portions of this unit, corresponding to the middle Holocene and older, are of an age to preserve fossils.

The locality search from the LACM (2024) provides data on the two Pleistocene-aged terrestrial fossil localities known to the LACM closest to the Project area from sediments similar to the alluvium of the Project area (Table 2). The closest of these is from Seal Beach, southeast of the Project area where a camel fossil was found on the beach, likely having eroded from alluvial sediments or terrace deposits (LACM 2024). The second is from Huntington Beach, where mammoth, bison, and invertebrate fossils were found at depths of 6 feet to 20 feet below ground surface (bgs). The online records search from the UCMP (2024) indicates they have 491 Pleistocene-aged fossil localities from Los Angeles County (exclusive of asphaltic localities at Rancho La Brea and microfossil localities) and 122 fossil localities from Orange County. While specific geologic information is not available online for most of these localities, 16 in Los Angeles County and three from Orange County appear to be from alluvial settings and likely represent a similar depositional environment to that of the older portions of the alluvium in the Project area. These sites yielded a variety of fossils, including invertebrates (seven localities), plants (six localities), and vertebrate fossils (seven localities) (UCMP 2024).

A review of the scientific literature indicates that Pleistocene-aged alluvial sediments are well known for the preservation of fossils representing a rich Ice Age fauna in the Los Angeles Basin and vicinity. These include animals still found in North America today, such as deer, bison, sheep, and horses; creatures no longer found in North America, such as camels, lions, cheetahs, and sloths; and extinct creatures such as IJ
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5.0 RESULTS
Project Number: 2042665000 14
Table 2 Summary of the records search from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Locality
Number
Geologic
Unit
Age Taxa Approximate
Location
Depth

LACM VP
3291
Unnamed
formation
Pleistocene Camel (Camelops hesternus) Sunset Beach;
approximately 1.2
miles southeast of the
1780 Pacific Coast
site
Surface

LACM VP
65113
Unnamed
formation
Pleistocene Mammoth (Mammuthus), bison
(Bison); uncatalogued invertebrates
5092 Wintersburg
Avenue in Huntington
Beach; approximately

5.4 miles southeast of
the Seal Beach Plaza
site
6 – 20
feet bgs

LACM VP
1121
Terrace
deposits
Pleistocene Mammoth (Mammuthus), sea otter
(Enhydrus), horse (Equus)
Just south of Seal
Beach; offshore from
the Optional Site
15 feet
below
sea
level

LACM VP
7739
Coastal
deposits
Late
Pleistocene
Invertebrates (snails; clams; tusk
shells; barnacles; crabs; sea
urchins); requiem shark
(Carcharhinus), Spotted cusk eel
(Chilara), croakers (Genyonemus,
Seriphus), school shark
(Galeorhinus), righteye flounder
(Glyptocephalus), guitarfish
(Rhinobatos), toadfish (Porichthys),
perch (Cymatogaster,
Damalichthys), bullhead shark
(Heterodontus), ray (Dasyatis,
Myliobatus, Raja), surfperch
(Embiotoca, Hyperprosopon,
Micrometrus), flatfish
(Citharichthys), leopard shark
(Triakis), slender sole (Lyopsetta),
dogfish shark (Squalus), skate
(Squatina), barracuda (Sphyraena)
Bluff Park (on the
beach) in Long
Beach; approximately

2.9 miles northwest of
the 99 Marine Drive
site
56 feet
bgs

LACM IP
4865
Palos
Verdes
Sand
Pleistocene Decapoda, sand dollar
(Dendraster), gastropods (Balcis,
Californiconus, Calliostoma,
Cerithideopsid, Chlorostoma,
Crucinulum, Euclia, Hirtoscala,
Turbonilla), ichnofossils
(Helicotaphrichnus), bivalves
(Coanicardita, Crepidula, Leukoma,
Siliqua, Tellina), (Crucinulum), and
others
East side of Pacific
Coast Highway;
between Seventh and
Colorado Streets in
Long Beach;
approximately 1.6
miles west of the
Leisure World site
Surface
mammoths, dire wolves, and saber-toothed cats (Jefferson 1991 a and b, Graham and Lundelius 1994, McDonald and Jefferson 2008, Miller 1971, Reynolds and Reynolds 1991). In addition to these iconic large animals, a wide variety of small animals can be preserved, including reptiles such as frogs, salamanders, snakes (Hudson and Brattstrom 1977), and birds (Collins et al. 2018, Jones et al. 2008, IJ
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5.0 RESULTS
Project Number: 2042665000 15
Miller 1941). These fossils are important for recreating the history of Southern California, in particular studying climate change (e.g., Roy et al. 1996), extinction (e.g., Barnosky et al. 2004, Jones et al. 2008, Sandom et al. 2014, Scott 2010), and paleoecology (e.g., Connin et al. 1998, Trayler et al. 2015).

Given the record of paleontological resources recovered from middle Holocene and older alluvial deposits both near the Project area and more broadly across the Los Angeles Basin, these deposits are assessed as having low paleontological sensitivity at the surface, in the late Holocene portions of the unit, increasing to high paleontological potential in the older, deeper portions of the unit. The exact depth at which this transition occurs cannot be determined precisely in the Project area; however, the records of the LACM and reports in the scientific literature (i.e., Jefferson 1991a and 1991b, Reynold and Reynolds 1991) indicate that fossil have been found as shallowly as 5 feet to 6 feet bgs in the vicinity of the Project area.

Old shallow marine deposits on a wave-cut surface (Qom in Figure 3). These marine deposits, often referred to as terraces or terrace deposits, are mapped underlying the Accurate Storage, Seal Beach Center, 1780 Pacific Coast, and the Main Street Program area (Saucedo et al. 2016), but may be present more broadly in the subsurface, underlying the younger alluvial and paralic deposits. These deposits consist of terraces uplifted by regional tectonics, forming blocks of late to middle Pleistocene-aged marine and coastal sediments. These sediments are poorly sorted, moderately permeable, and reddish-brown, and represent interfingered strandline, beach, estuarine, and colluvial deposits composed of siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate (Saucedo et al. 2016). They lie on uplifted emergent wave-cut abrasion platforms and may locally include older alluvium (Saucedo et al. 2016). These terraces are of an age to preserve fossils.

The results from the LACM (2024) include two localities from coastal or terrace deposits, the closest of which is just offshore from Seal Beach, where mammoth, bison, and otter fossils were recovered from 15 feet below sea level (LACM 2024). This type of intermixed coastal and terrestrial fauna is typical of older terrace deposits, given the interfingering of terrestrial and costal sediments that typically mantle them. An additional site is recorded in Bluff Park, northwest of the Project area, where a diverse fish and marine invertebrate fauna were recovered from 56 feet bgs. Of the UCMP (2024) localities for which depositional environment can be inferred, 87 in Los Angeles County and 46 in Orange County are from marine depositional settings, but it cannot be determined from available data how many are from formal geologic units, such as the Palos Verde Sand described below, as opposed to terrace deposits.

Pleistocene-aged marine terraces and associated coastal deposits have a rich fossil record from Ventura County along the southern California coast and into Baja California, as reported in the scientific literature (Kern 1971, 1977; DeDiego-Forbis et al. 2004). The vast majority of these fossils are marine invertebrate shell beds, but are vertebrate fossils are also reported (Bryant 1987). The scientific importance of these invertebrate fossils stems from the specificity of many types of marine invertebrates for water conditions such as depth and temperature in which they live (Kern 1977). Thus, the terrace deposits preserve fossils that allow scientists to reconstruct climate change, sea levels, tectonic processes, and depositional facies across space and time, using the taxonomic composition of the invertebrate fossils (Vedder and Norris 1963; Castillo et al. 2018; Kennedy et al. 1982; Grant et al. 1999). As the Pleistocene to Holocene transition was a time of great variation in sea level as the ice ages came to an end, such studies are IJ
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5.0 RESULTS
Project Number: 2042665000 16
important for understanding how fauna respond to a changing environment (Kennedy et al. 1982; Muhs and Groves 2018).

Given the extensive record of paleontological resource discoveries from older terrace deposits, mapped as old shallow marine deposits on a wave-cut surface in the Project area, these deposits are assessed as having high paleontological potential.

Older Pleistocene-aged Marine Formations (not mapped in Figure 3). Underlying the coastal and alluvial deposits in the Project area and around the greater San Pedro Bay are a series of early to middle Pleistocene formations that form the oldest of the marine terraces. While not exposed at the surface in the Project area, they may be encountered in the subsurface at unknown depths. These units include the San Pedro Formation, Palos Verdes Sand, the Lomita Marl, and the Timms Point Silt, which preserve shallow marine seafloor environments. These units are well documented for the preservation of a diverse and abundant fauna, dominated by invertebrates but with marine vertebrates documented as well as occasional terrestrial vertebrates that washed out to sea for burial (Long 1993; Powell and Stevens 2000; Rodda 1957). The LACM (2024) reports the closest fossil locality from these units as a dense accumulation of invertebrates from the Palos Verdes Sand approximately 1.6 miles west of the Project area. The UCMP (2024) has records of close to 300 localities from these units, with thousands of specimens in the collections.

These units have high paleontological potential, as they are well documented for preserving a range of scientifically important fossils across the Los Angeles Basin.

5.3 Potential Impacts to Paleontological Resources from Project Activities
The Project proposes to update the Housing Element to include the identification of eight Housing Opportunity Sites and the Main Street Program, a modification of the existing Main Street Specific Plan to provide additional residential developments at currently unspecified locations. As the Project does not include any specific plans for ground disturbing activities, there are no direct adverse impacts to paleontological resources. However, particular projects conducted as a result of the rezoning and new zoning designations can be reasonably expected to include ground disturbance.

New ground disturbance that occurs in geologic units with high paleontological potential may encounter paleontological resources. Should this occur during one of the resulting development projects from the updates to the Housing Element, the damage or destruction of the resources would constitute an indirect adverse impact of this Project. Within the Project area, this could occur at any depth in the Seal Beach Center, Accurate Storage, 1780 Pacific Coast, or the Main Street Program area, and at depths greater than an estimated 5 feet at the other Project Sites. Should such adverse impacts occur, they would contribute to cumulative impacts from the Project, along with similar such impacts from other development projects that may take place in the same area, and which target similar geologic units.

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6.0 Recommendations and Management Considerations
Project Number: 2042665000 17

6.0 Recommendations and Management Considerations
This assessment identifies possible indirect and cumulative adverse impacts that may result from this Project, should fossils with scientific importance, i.e., paleontological resources, be encountered during construction stemming from the updates to the Housing Element. Therefore, Stantec has developed mitigation recommendations for actions to reduce these potential impacts to less than significant, in accordance with CEQA requirements.

A successful mitigation program is one which provides for the identification and appropriate treatment of paleontological resources. Important components are therefore worker training, so the construction personnel are aware of their obligations and actions to take in the event they discover a fossil, as well as oversight by trained paleontologists. This oversight is typically through onsite monitoring of construction activities.

During monitoring, a paleontologist observes construction activities and halts construction temporarily to inspect the exposed sediments. If fossils are observed, the paleontologist will recognize them and stop work so that they can be assessed and, if found to meet criteria for scientific importance, salvage them for conservation and curation in a museum. Monitoring by experienced paleontologists greatly increases the probability that fossils will be discovered during ground-disturbing activities and that, if they are scientifically important, successful mitigation and salvage efforts may be undertaken to prevent adverse impacts to these resources.

The ability to apply monitoring as a successful mitigation tool is tied to the nature of the ground disturbing activity. Construction monitoring requires a paleontologist to be able to observe either cuts into the ground, such as the sidewalls of trenches or a graded ground surface, or to observe spoils piles, such as from drilling or trenching. Methods such as grading, trenching, mass excavation, and augering produce either cut surfaces or spoils, and so are appropriate targets for paleontological monitoring. Activities such as grubbing and landscaping do not typically involve sufficient ground disturbance to warrant monitoring, while methods such as hydro vacuum and very narrow diameter augering (under 12 inches) are unlikely to allow for the identification of scientifically important fossils.

The methods and depths of ground disturbance are currently undefined for particular development projects that may result from the update to the Housing Element. Therefore, Stantec recommends a qualified paleontologist meeting professional standards as defined by Murphey et al. (2019) be retained as the designated Project Paleontologist to review project-specific construction plans and develop a project-specific paleontological mitigation program. The mitigation program should include the following components:
• For each development the Project Paleontologist should develop and oversee the implementation of a Paleontological Monitoring and Mitigation Plan tailored to specific construction plans and geotechnical studies, should these be available, that identifies when or under what conditions paleontological monitoring should be implemented. The plan should include provisions for worker training, roles and qualifications of paleontology staff following those of Murphey et al. (2019), depths and locations for monitoring, types of work to be monitored, monitoring procedures, IJ
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6.0 Recommendations and Management Considerations
Project Number: 2042665000 18
requirements for final reporting of the results of the mitigation program, and fossil discovery protocols for work stoppage, assessment, and possible salvage and curation, in the event a fossil is found during construction.
• Fulltime paleontological monitoring is warranted when work occurs in the geologic units assessed as having high paleontological potential in this study: when over 5 foot in depth in unit 2 of the young alluvium, or at any depth in old shallow marine deposits on a wave-cut surface, the San Pedro Formation, the Paleo Verdes Sand, the Lomita Marl, and the Timms Point Silt. Work into previously disturbed sediments, beach deposits, paralic estuarine deposits, or the upper 5 feet of unit 2 of the young alluvium does not require monitoring. After the initiation of the monitoring work, the Project Paleontologist may reduce the frequency or depths of monitoring should low paleontological potential sediments be identified in the monitoring area. • The Project Paleontologist should develop a Worker’s Environmental Awareness Program training that communicates requirements and procedures for the inadvertent discovery of fossils during construction, to be delivered by the paleontological monitor to the construction crew prior to the onset of ground disturbance.
• In the event that paleontological resources are encountered during construction activities, work should stop in a safe radius of the finds, usually 50 feet, while the paleontological monitor documents the find. If a monitor is not onsite at the time of discovery, such as for an inadvertent discovery in an area of low paleontological potential, work should stop until the Project Paleontologist can assess the find. The Project Paleontologist shall assess the find. Should the Project Paleontologist assess the find as scientifically important, the find shall be collected and curated in an accredited repository along with associated data such as photographs, GPS coordinates, lithological descriptions, and depth data, as well as curation fees.

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7.0 REFERENCES
Project Number: 2042665000 19

7.0 REFERENCES
Barnosky, A., C. Bell, S. Emslie, H. T. Goodwin, J. Mead, C. Repenning, E. Scott, and A. Shabel. 2004. “Exceptional record of mid-Pleistocene vertebrates helps differentiate climatic from anthropogenic ecosystem perturbations.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101:
9297–9302.

Bryant, M.E., 1987. “Emergent marine terraces and quaternary tectonics: Palos Verdes Peninsula, California.” Geology of the Palos Verdes Peninsula.

Castillo, C.M., Klemperer, S.L., Ingle, J.C., Powell, C.L., Legg, M.R. and Francis, R.D. 2019. “Late Quaternary subsidence of Santa Catalina Island, California Continental Borderland, demonstrated by seismic-reflection data and fossil assemblages from submerged marine terraces.” Geological Society of America Bulletin 131(1-2): 21-42.

City of Seal Beach (the City). 2003. City of Seal Beach General Plan Cultural Resources Element.

Available at https://www.sealbeachca.gov/Portals/0/Documents/Cultural%20Resources.pdf accessed on October 23, 2024.

Collins, P.W., Guthrie, D.A., Whistler, E.L., Vellanoweth, R.L. and Erlandson, J.M. 2018. “Terminal Pleistocene–Holocene avifauna of San Miguel and Santa Rosa Islands: identifications of previously unidentified avian remains recovered from fossil sites and prehistoric cave deposits.” Western North American Naturalist 78(3): 370–403.

Connin, S.L., J. Betancourt, and J. Quade. 1998. “Late Pleistocene C4 plant dominance and summer rainfall in the southwestern United States from isotopic study of herbivore teeth”. Quaternary Research 50: 179-193.

Critelli, S. P. Rumelhart, and R. Ingersoll, 1995. “Petrofacies and provenance of the Puente Formation (middle to upper Miocene), Los Angeles Basin, southern California: implications for rapid uplift and accumulation rates.” Journal of Sedimentary Research A65: 656-667.

DeDiego-Forbis, T., Douglas, R., Gorsline, D., Nava-Sanchez, E., Mack, L. and Banner, J. 2004. “Late Pleistocene (Last Interglacial) terrace deposits, Bahía Coyote, Baja California Sur, Mexico.” Quaternary International 120(1): 29-40.

Graham, R.W. and E.L. Lundelius. 1994. FAUNMAP: A database documenting the late Quaternary distributions of mammal species in the United States. Illinois State Museum Scientific Papers XXV(1).

Grant, L.B., Mueller, K.J., Gath, E.M., Cheng, H., Lawrence Edwards, R., Munro, R., and Kennedy, G.L. 1999. “Late Quaternary uplift and earthquake potential of the San Joaquin Hills, southern Los Angeles basin, California.” Geology 27(11): 1031-1034.

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7.0 REFERENCES
Project Number: 2042665000 20
Hudson, D., and B. Brattstrom. 1977. “A small herpetofauna from the Late Pleistocene of Newport Beach Mesa, Orange County, California.” Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 76:
16-20.

Ingersoll, R. V., and P. E. Rumelhart. 1999. “Three-stage basin evolution of the Los Angeles basin, southern California.” Geology 27: 593-596.

Jefferson, G.T. 1991a. “A catalogue of Late Quaternary Vertebrates from California: Part One, nonmarine lower vertebrate and avian taxa.” Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Technical Reports No. 5.
----------. 1991b. “A catalogue of Late Quaternary Vertebrates from California: Part Two, Mammals.” Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Technical Reports No. 7.

Jones, T., J. Porcasi, J. Erlandson, H. Dallas, T. Wake, and R. Schwaderer. 2008. “The protracted Holocene extinction of California’s flightless sea duck (Chendytes lawi) and its implications for the Pleistocene overkill hypothesis.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 105: 4105- 4108.

Kennedy, G.L., Lajoie, K.R. and Wehmiller, J.F. 1982. “Aminostratigraphy and faunal correlations of late Quaternary marine terraces, Pacific Coast, USA.” Nature 299(5883): 545-547.

Kern, J.P. 1971. “Paleoenvironmental Analysis of a Late Pleistocene Estuary in Southern California.” Journal of Paleontology 45(5): 810-823.
-------------. 1977. “Origin and history of upper Pleistocene marine terraces, San Diego, California.” Geological Society of America Bulletin 88(11): 1553-1566.

Landon, S. 2006. “Mitigation of fossil resources during oil and gas development.” In Lucas, S., J.

Speilman, P. Hester, J. Kenworthy, and V. Santucci, eds. Fossils from Federal Lands. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 34. pp 22.

Long, D.J. 1993. “Preliminary list of the marine fishes and other vertebrate remains from the late Pleistocene Palos Verdes Sand Formation at Costa Mesa, Orange County, California.” PaleoBios 15:9-13.

Lucas, S., J. Speilman, P. Hester, J. Kenworthy, and V. Santucci, eds. 2006. Fossils from Federal Lands.

New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 34, 194 pp.

McDonald G., H., and G., T., Jefferson. 2008. “Distribution of Pleistocene Nothrotheriops (Xenarthra, Northrotheridae) in North America.” Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series. 41: pp. 313-331.

Miller, W. E. 1941. “A new fossil bird locality”. Condor 44:283-284. --------. 1971. “Pleistocene vertebrates of the Los Angeles Basin and vicinity: exclusive of Rancho La Brea.” Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Technical Reports, No. 10.

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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California

7.0 REFERENCES
Project Number: 2042665000 21
Murphey, P., G. Knauss, L. Fisk, T. Demere, and R. Reynolds. 2019. “Best practices in mitigation paleontology.” Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History 47: 43 pp.

Muhs, D.R. and Groves, L.T. 2018. “Little islands recording global events: late Quaternary sea level history and paleozoogeography of Santa Barbara and Anacapa Islands, Channel Islands National Park, California.” Western North American Naturalist 78(4): 540-589.

Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (LACM). 2024. Paleontological locality records search letter. Email response received January 28, 2024.

Norris, R., and R. Webb. 1990. Geology of California. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.

Powell II, C. L., and D. Stevens. 2000. Age and paleoenvironmental significance of mega-invertebrates from the" San Pedro" Formation in the Coyote Hills, Fullerton and Buena Park, Orange County, southern California. US Geological Survey Open File Report 2000-319.

Reynolds, R. E., and R. L. Reynolds. 1991. “The Pleistocene beneath our feet: near-surface Pleistocene fossils in inland southern California basins”. In M. O. Woodburne, R. E. Reynolds, and D. P.

Whistler (eds.), Inland Southern California: the last 70 million years. San Bernardino County Museum Association, Redlands, California. Pp. 41 – 43.

Rodda, P.U. 1957. “Paleontology and stratigraphy of some marine Pleistocene deposits in northwest Los Angeles Basin, California.” AAPG Bulletin 41(11): 2475-2492.

Roy, K., Valentine, J. W., Jablonski, D., and Kidwell, S. M. 1996. “Scales of climatic variability and time averaging in Pleistocene biotas: implications for ecology and evolution.” Trends in Ecology & Evolution 11(11), 458-463.

Sandom, C., S. Faurby, B. Sandel, and J.-C. Svenning. 2014. “Global late Quaternary megafauna extinctions linked to humans, not climate change.” Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281, 9 pp.

Santucci, V. and A. Koch. 2003. “Paleontological resource monitoring strategies for the National Park Service.” Park Science 22(1): 22–25.

Santucci, V. and L. McClelland, L. 2001. “Proceedings of the 6th Fossil Resource Conference. Geological Resources Division Technical Report NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-01/01.” National Park Service. 224 pp.

Santucci, V., Kenworthy, J. P., and Mims, A. L. 2009. “Monitoring in situ paleontological resources.” In Young, R., and Norby, L., eds. Geological Monitoring. Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, p. 189–204.

Saucedo, G.J., Greene, H.G., Kennedy, M.P., and Bezore, S.P. 2016. Geologic map of the Long Beach 30' x 60' quadrangle, California (ver. 2.0). California Geological Survey, Preliminary Geologic Maps PGM-03-10.2016. Scale 1:100,000
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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California

7.0 REFERENCES
Project Number: 2042665000 22
Scott, E. 2010. “Extinctions, scenarios, and assumptions: Changes in latest Pleistocene large herbivore abundance and distribution in western North America.” Quaternary International 217: 225-239.

Scott, E., and K. Springer. 2003. “CEQA and fossil preservation in southern California.” The Environmental Monitor 4-10.

Society of Vertebrate Paleontology (SVP). 2010. Standard Procedures for the assessment and Mitigation of adverse impacts to paleontological resources. Available at https://vertpaleo.org/wpcontent/uploads/2021/01/SVP_Impact_Mitigation_Guidelines.pdf. Accessed on October 17, 2024.

Trayler, R.B., Dundas, R.G., Fox-Dobbs, K., and Van De Water, P.K. 2015. “Inland California during the Pleistocene—Megafaunal stable isotope records reveal new paleoecological and paleoenvironmental insights.” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 437: 132- 140.

University of California Museum of Paleontology (UCMP) 2024. Search of online database accessed at https://ucmpdb.berkeley.edu/ on January 28, 2024 and October 18, 2024.

Vedder, J.G. and Norris, R.M. 1963. Geology of San Nicolas Island, California (No. 369). United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 369. US Government Printing Office. 72 Pp.

Yerkes, R. F., T. H. McCulloh, J. E. Schollhamer, and J. G. Vedder. 1965. Geology of the Los Angeles Basin – an introduction. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 420-A.

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Paleontological Resources Technical Report for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project, Orange County, California
Project Number: 2042665000

APPENDIX A
Records Search Results from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
IJ
Research & Collections
e-mail: [email protected]
January 28, 2024
Stantec Consulting Services Inc.

Attn: Ceara Purcell
re: Paleontological resources for the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project (2042665000)
Dear Ceara:

I have conducted a thorough search of our paleontology collection records for the locality and specimen data for proposed development at the City of Seal Beach Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates project area as outlined on the portion of the Los Alamitos and Seal Beach USGS topographic quadrangle map that you sent to me via e-mail on January 24, 2024. We do not have any fossil localities that lie directly within the proposed project area, but we do have fossil localities nearby from the same sedimentary deposits that may occur in the proposed project area, either at the surface or at depth.

The following table shows the closest known localities in the collection of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (NHMLA).

Locality
Number Location Formation Taxa Depth
LACM VP 3291
Sunset Beach at low
tide, 50 yards north
of Anderson Street
& west of Pacific
Coast Highway
Unknown
Formation
(Pleistocene) Camel (Camelops hesternus) Surface
LACM VP 1121
Just south of Seal
Beach
Pleistocene terrace
deposit
Mammoth (Mammuthus), sea
otter (Enhydrus), horse (Equus)
15 feet
below sea
level

LACM VP
65113
5092 Wintersburg
Road; Huntington
Beach
Unknown formation
(Pleistocene)
Mammoth (Mammuthus), bison
(Bison); uncatalogued
invertebrates
6 - 20
feet bgs
LACM IP 4865
Bluff on north side
of the Stonebrook
Apartment complex
on the east side of
Pacific Coast
Highway; between Palos Verdes Sand
Decapoda, sand dollar
(Dendraster), gastropods (Balcis,
Californiconus, Calliostoma,
Cerithideopsid, Chlorostoma,
Crucinulum, Euclia, Hirtoscala,
Turbonilla), ichnofossils Surface
Natural History Museum
of Los Angeles County
900 Exposition Boulevard
Los Angeles, CA 90007
tel 213.763.DINO
www.nhm.org
Locality
Number Location Formation Taxa Depth
Seventh and
Colorado Streets;
city of Long Beach
(Helicotaphrichnus), bivalves
(Coanicardita, Crepidula,
Leukoma, Siliqua, Tellina),
(Crucinulum), and others
LACM VP 7739
Bluff Park (on the
beach adjacent to
the eastern half of
the southern edge
of the parking lot);
Long Beach
Late Pleistocene*
coastal deposits
(dark gray massive
sandy silt)
Invertebrates (snails; clams; tusk
shells; barnacles; crabs; sea
urchins); requiem shark
(Carcharhinus), Spotted cusk eel
(Chilara), croakers (Genyonemus,
Seriphus), school shark
(Galeorhinus), righteye flounder
(Glyptocephalus), guitarfish
(Rhinobatos), toadfish
(Porichthys), perch
(Cymatogaster, Damalichthys),
bullhead shark (Heterodontus),
ray (Dasyatis, Myliobatus, Raja),
surfperch (Embiotoca,
Hyperprosopon, Micrometrus),
flatfish (Citharichthys), leopard
shark (Triakis), slender sole
(Lyopsetta), dogfish shark
(Squalus), skate (Squatina),
barracuda (Sphyraena)
56 feet
bgs
VP, Vertebrate Paleontology; IP, Invertebrate Paleontology; bgs, below ground surface * Locality is 25 feet below carbon-14 accelerator mass spectrometry date of 43180 +/-710 years
This records search covers only the records of the NHMLA. It is not intended as a paleontological assessment of the project area for the purposes of CEQA or NEPA. Potentially fossil-bearing units are present in the project area, either at the surface or in the subsurface. As such, NHMLA recommends that a full paleontological assessment of the project area be conducted by a paleontologist meeting Bureau of Land Management or Society of Vertebrate Paleontology standards.

Sincerely,
Alyssa Bell, Ph.D.

Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
enclosure: invoice
Appendix F
VMT Tables
1 Table 1: OCTAM 5 Data by Traffic Analysis Zone – Baseline Conditions OCTAM
TAZ in
City of
Seal
Beach
Existing (2016) Conditions
Total VMT
Home-Based
VMT Population
Home-Based
VMT per
Capita
Average Trip
Length (miles)
637 335,838.01 110,756.36 4,433 24.98 9.56
638 26,758.69 17,726.73 841 21.08 9.77
639 276,149.07 133,896.71 5,201 25.74 9.97
640 134,632.90 48,235.01 4,174 11.56 9.27
641 107,522.36 53,498.05 3,592 14.89 10.08
642 514.57 169.81 0 0.00 122.34
643 93,759.27 3,971.09 191 20.79 11.95
644 21,720.62 14,558.82 615 23.67 13.77
645 75,341.26 37,611.53 1,646 22.85 8.24
646 65,125.12 42,154.07 2,183 19.31 8.79
647 156,494.73 87,144.75 3,280 26.57 9.19
648 116,467.25 32,784.39 1,305 25.12 8.73
649 36,230.19 9,349.64 456 20.50 7.72
890 44,829.92 33,783.67 1,288 26.23 9.54
OCTAM = Orange County Transportation Analysis Model; TAZ = traffic analysis zone; VMT = vehicle miles travelled
Source: OCTAM 5 provided by Orange County Transportation Authority, February 2024 Table 2: OCTAM 5 Data by Aggregate Area – Baseline Conditions Area
Existing Conditions - Home
Total VMT
Home-Based
VMT Population
HomeBased VMT
per Capita
Average Trip
Length (miles)
City of Seal Beach 1,110,716.03 481,100.60 23,484 20.49 10.35 Orange County 147,389,574.57 59,270,426.88 3,179,626 18.64 9.55 VMT = vehicle miles travelled
Source: OCTAM 5 provided by Orange County Transportation Authority, February 2024 () Stantec
2 Table 3: RHNA Opportunity Site VMT Analysis Summary
Opportunity
Site No. Site Name
Total
Residential
Units TAZ
HomeBased VMT
per Capita
Threshold of
Significance
Above or
Below
Threshold
of
Significance Difference
%
Difference
%
Reduction
Needed to
Mitigate
Impact
1 1780 Pacific Coast Highway 5 648 25.12 20.49 Above 4.63 22.60% 18.43% 2 Leisure World 177 640 11.56 20.49 Below -8.93 -43.58% -- 3 Accurate Storage 83 643 20.79 20.49 Above 0.30 1.46% 1.44% 4 The Shops at Rossmoor 552 637 24.98 20.49 Above 4.49 21.91% 17.97% 5 Old Ranch Town Center 382 639 25.74 20.49 Above 5.25 25.62% 20.40% 6 Seal Beach Plaza 69 640 22.231 20.49 Above 1.74 8.49% 7.83% 7 Seal Beach Center 124 649 20.50 20.49 Above 0.01 0.05% 0.05% 8 99 Marina Drive 99 647 26.57 20.49 Above 6.08 29.67% 22.88% Main Street Main Street 115 647 26.57 20.49 Above 6.08 29.67% 22.88% Total 1606 -- 22.67 20.49 Above 2.18 10.64% 9.62%
TAZ = traffic analysis zone; VMT = vehicle miles travelled 1 TAZ 640 includes Leisure World and the HEU opportunity site is not age-restricted, therefore, the HB VMT capita for the HEU opportunity site is estimated using the average of TAZ 643 (20.79) and TAZ 644 (23.67).
"% Reduction Needed to Mitigate Impact" represents the minimum percent reduction in HB VMT per capita needed to equal the Citywide Average Baseline (i.e., threshold of significance).
() Stantec
644
642
639
637
643
640
641
647
646
638
890
645
648
649
Legend
TAZ Number
TAZ Boundary
RHNA Opportunity Site
City of Seal Beach Limits
5 4
6 2
3 7 8
1 Main
Street
Figure 1
OCTAM 5 Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZ)
XXX

BOLSA AV

ELECTRIC AV
1ST ST

MARINA DR

PACIFIC COAST HWY

EDINGER AV

BOLSA CHICA ST

WARNER AV

WESTMINSTER AV
I-405 FREEWAY
I-605 FREEWAY

SEAL BEACH BLVD
SR 22 FREEWAY

KATELLA AV

SEAL BEACH BLVD

PACIFIC COAST HWY
II 3
:-=~
\,
~
cc:
'I"
Ro smoor
. . -
r ·
I - - ; ---. ·f I
~J I 'I
\ Ii \
\
\
\ I
\ I \
\ [I
\___-
• .
• ~ ·- \ o · • .'-- . G.

G
~
'-.,. ~ -
'-.,. ~ 11
C n I lll• r, A
H
'--.. ~ I
' , '" '
~,
lU t Be ch
'-.,.
~ N
orl 1. • n A
0 23.67

25.74 24.98

20.79 11.56

14.89 26.57

19.31 21.08

26.23 22.85

25.12 20.5
644
642
639
637
643
640
641
647
646
638
645
648
649
890
Legend
Traffic Analysis Zone Number
City of Seal Beach Limits
RHNA Opportunity Site
OCTAM5 HB VMT per capita
Below City Average HB VMT per Capita
<5% Mitigation Required
6% - 23% Mitigation Required
4 5
6 2
3 7
8 1
City Average Baseline
HB VMT per Capita = 20.49
Main
Street
Figure 2
OCTAM 5 Baseline HB VMT per Capita Estimates
´
XXX

BOLSA AV

ELECTRIC AV
1ST ST

MARINA DR

PACIFIC COAST HWY

EDINGER AV

BOLSA CHICA ST

WARNER AV

WESTMINSTER AV
I-405 FREEWAY
I-605 FREEWAY

SEAL BEACH BLVD
SR 22 FREEWAY

KATELLA AV

SEAL BEACH BLVD

PACIFIC COAST HWY
4 ,,
7 I
[: ___ _J r-----
: 7
i ________ J :
<t "" 0
..J
;
-- ! __ , ----
-1 -~---\ : .,.//
l __ f \,
\
iii
0 c.,:::

Rossmoor
/// _____ _
/'
/
i
\,
\ !
\ !
\\ !:
't I I A
F H ! I II A
I ; 'A
11 1,•u•i ,r, A 'r ,rft, ,nA
_____.----~-1-----------------~~~~_-_: --d f ------,_ -------- ,, - ===- (,---------------
,/
//
/ /
()/
/
T
I
Tnnr
I
rt
Humt,
I t
If
ur
['ill I lll
I A
Appendix G
Water Supply Assessment
Water Supply Assessment
City of Seal Beach, Orange County, CA
Final Report
April 30, 2025
Prepared for:

City of Seal Beach
Community Development Department
211 Eighth Street
Seal Beach, CA 90740
Prepared by:

Stantec Consulting Services Inc.
200 East Carrillo Street, Suite 101
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
~ Stantec

WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
April 30, 2025
Revision Description Author Quality Check Independent Review 0 Draft GMK 10/25/24 CEP/ JTZ 10/25/24 AR 10/22/24
1 Final JTZ 4/25/25 CEP 4/25/25 AR 4/25/25
2 Revised Final JTZ 4/30/25 CEP 5/2/25 AR 4/30/25
IJ

WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
April 30, 2025
This document entitled Water Supply Assessment was prepared by Stantec Consulting Services Inc. (“Stantec”) for the account of City of Seal Beach (the “Client”). Any reliance on this document by any third party is strictly prohibited. The material in it reflects Stantec’s professional judgment in light of the scope, schedule and other limitations stated in the document and in the contract between Stantec and the Client.

The opinions in the document are based on conditions and information existing at the time the document was published and do not take into account any subsequent changes. In preparing the document, Stantec did not verify information supplied to it by others. Any use which a third party makes of this document is the responsibility of such third party. Such third party agrees that Stantec shall not be responsible for costs or damages of any kind, if any, suffered by it or any other third party as a result of decisions made or actions taken based on this document.

Prepared by
(signature)
Gabrille Kasman, EIT
Reviewed by
(signatures)
Jonny Zukowski, PE
Approved by
(signature)
Carrie Poytress, PE
(
~
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WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
April 30, 2025
iv
Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................VI ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................................................VIII

1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 9

1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION.................................................................. 9

1.2 WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT PURPOSE...............................................................13

1.2.1 Law: Water Code Section 10910(a)..............................................................13

1.2.2 Law: Water Code Section 10912..................................................................13

1.3 PROJECT RELATION TO URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN..............................14

1.3.1 Law: Water Code Section 10910(c)..............................................................14

1.4 HOUSING OPPORTUNITY SITE LAND USES .............................................................15

1.4.1 Existing Land Uses ......................................................................................15

1.4.2 Proposed Land Uses....................................................................................16

1.5 PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM DESCRIPTION...................................................................22

1.5.1 Public Water System Infrastructure ..............................................................22

2.0 WATER DEMAND ASSESSMENT ...............................................................................25

2.1 CITY CURRENT AND PROJECTED WATER DEMAND...............................................25

2.2 PROJECT WATER DEMAND .......................................................................................26

2.2.1 Construction Water Demand ........................................................................28

3.0 WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT.................................................................................28

3.1 WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT REQUIREMENTS....................................................28

3.1.1 Law: Water Code Section 10910(d)..............................................................28

3.1.2 Law: Water Code Section 10910(f)...............................................................29

3.2 DEMAND REDUCTION.................................................................................................29

3.3 CITY WATER PROJECTED SUPPLY...........................................................................30

3.3.1 Imported Water ............................................................................................30

3.3.2 Groundwater Analysis ..................................................................................32

3.3.3 Emergency Connections ..............................................................................34

3.4 CITY WATER SUPPLY DURING NORMAL, SINGLE DRY-YEAR, AND MULTIPLE DRY-YEARS...............................................................................................34

3.4.1 Normal Water Year ......................................................................................34

3.4.2 Single Dry Water Year..................................................................................35

3.4.3 Multiple Consecutive Dry Water Years .........................................................36

3.5 CITY WATER SUPPLY AND ADDITIONAL DEMAND COMPARISON .........................39

4.0 CONCLUSION ..............................................................................................................42

5.0 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................44 IJ

WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
April 30, 2025
v

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1: Current Zoning and General Plan Land Use Designations .......................................15 Table 1-2: Underutilized Sites Inventory (Rezoning Not Required)............................................16 Table 1-3: Rezoned Sites Inventory ..........................................................................................17 Table 2-1: City of Seal Beach Current and Projected Water Demand .......................................26 Table 2-2: GSWC Current and Projected Water Demand .........................................................26 Table 2-3: Summary of Project Potential Dwelling Units............................................................27 Table 2-3: Estimated Project Water Demand ............................................................................27 Table 3-1: City’s Projected Water Supply Portfolio ....................................................................30 Table 3-2: GSWC Projected Available Water Supply Portfolio ..................................................30 Table 3-3: City Water Supply Availability & Demand Projections Normal Water Year................34 Table 3-4: GSWC Water Supply Availability & Demand Projections Normal Water Year...........35 Table 3-5: City Water Supply Availability & Demand Projections Single Dry Year.....................36 Table 3-6: GSWC Water Supply Availability & Demand Projections Single Dry Year................36 Table 3-7: City Water Supply Availability & Demand Projections Multiple Dry Years (2025-2045)................................................................................................................37 Table 3-8: GSWC Water Supply Availability & Demand Projections Multiple Dry Years (2025-2045)................................................................................................................38 Table 3-9: City’s Normal Year + Additional Project Demand and Supply Comparison...............40 Table 3-10: GSWC’s Normal Year + Additional Project Demand and Supply Comparison........40 Table 3-11: City’s Most Severe Demands of Multiple-dry Year + Additional Project Demand and Supply Comparison ...............................................................................40 Table 3-12: GSWC’s Most Severe Demands of Multiple-dry Year + Additional Project Demand and Supply Comparison ...............................................................................41 Table 3-13 City’s Supply Source Comparison - 85% BPP.........................................................41 Table 3-14 GSWC’s Supply Source Comparison - 85% BPP....................................................42

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Project Vicinity ...........................................................................................................11 Figure 2: Housing Opportunity Site Locations ...........................................................................12

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX A CITY OF SEAL BEACH AND GSWC WEST ORANGE SERVICE AREA 2020 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANS LINK.........................................46 APPENDIX B SEAL BEACH 2012 WATER MASTER PLAN UPDATE LINK......................47 IJ

WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
April 30, 2025
vi
Executive Summary
City of Seal Beach retained Stantec Consulting Services Inc. (Stantec) to prepare this Water Supply Assessment (WSA) for the Housing Element Updates Project (Project) in Seal Beach, California. The Project includes the use of potable water from the City of Seal Beach (City) and Golden State Water Company (GSWC). This WSA was conducted in conformance with the requirements of the California Water Code (CWC).

The purpose of this WSA is to determine whether the projected water supplies available to the retail water suppliers, the City of Seal Beach and GSWC, are adequate to serve the projected water demands established in both the City of Seal Beach’s 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) update (prepared by Arcadis U.S., Inc), and the GSWC’s 2020 UWMP West Orange Service Area by Tully & Young, and the water demands generated by the Project. The UWMPs incorporated the City’s and GSWC’s existing and planned future water uses for 2025 to 2045. This WSA assumes that Project will be fully built-out by 2029 and was not included in either UWMP.

Per the Project, each development site has a proposed General Plan involving the addition of residential units. These sites have existing infrastructure that is expected to remain in place. Therefore, while it is assumed the UWMP accounted for the existing demand of these locations in its water demand projections, it did not account for the increased water demand resulting from the residential units of the Project. The estimated water demands of these new units must be determined and considered additional to the amounts projected in the UWMP. Using the potential density of residential units, estimated developable area, and water demand duty factors, the build-out water demand for each site was calculated. The total annual Project water demand during years with normal weather is 405 AFY and 435 AFY during a multiply dry year period.

Like the City’s 2020 UWMP and GSWC’s 2020 UWMP, this WSA assumes a 6% increase and 10% increase in water supply is required during dry years compared to normal years to serve the City’s and GSWC’s customers, respectively. Therefore, with the 6% increase applied to the City’s portion of the Project demand of 266 AF, the additional supply required by the City of Seal Beach during a five-year dry period is estimated to be 282 AF. With a 10% increase applied to GSWC’s portion of the Project’s demand of 139 AF, the additional supply required by GSWC is 153 AF.

Table ES-1: Project Supply and Demand Comparison
Water Supplier Project Water Demand
During a Normal Year (AFY)
Project Water Demand
During a Five-Year Dry Period
(AFY)
City of Seal Beach 266 282
GSWC West Orange Service Area 139 153
Total 405 435
IJ

WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
April 30, 2025
vii
The projected supply established in the UWMPs from 2025 to 2045 assumed that supply would meet demand during normal, single, and multiple dry year conditions due to both the City’s and GSWC’s ability to pump groundwater per their annual established Basin Production Percentage (BPP) and by purchasing imported water from Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MET) water through a connection with the Municipal Water District of Orange County (MWDOC) as needed.

With a five-year dry period, including the demands from the proposed Project, the City’s estimated total water demand in 2045 is 3,786 AFY and GSWC’s is 17,488 AFY as shown in Table ES-2. According to the annual established BPP and purchases of MET water through MWDOC, reliable supply is available to the City and to GSWC to meet the Project demands.

Table ES-2: Additional Project Demand and Supply Comparison - City of Seal Beach 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Fifth Year
UWMP Projected Supply (AF) 3,366 3,570 3,543 3,516 3,504 UWMP Projected Demand (AF) 3,366 3,570 3,543 3,516 3,504 Project Water Demand (AF) 0 282 282 282 282
UWMP Projected Demand with Project
Demand (AF) 3,366 3,852 3,825 3,798 3,786
Demand Increase 0% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Table ES-2: Additional Project Demand and Supply Comparison - GSWC 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Fifth Year
UWMP Projected Supply (AF) 15,893 16,330 16,780 17,242 17,335 UWMP Projected Demand (AF) 15,893 16,330 16,780 17,242 3,504 Project Water Demand (AF) 0 153 153 153 153
UWMP Projected Demand with Project
Demand (AF) 15,893 16,483 16,933 17,395 17,488
Demand Increase 0% 1% 1% 1% 1%
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WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
April 30, 2025
viii
Abbreviations
AF Acre-feet
AFY Acre-feet per year
AMSL Above Mean Sea Level
Approx Approximate
BEA Basin Equity Assessment
BPP Basin Production Percentage
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
cfs Cubic feet per second
City City of Seal Beach
CWC California Water Code
DU Dwelling unit
DWR California Department of Water Resources
EIR Environmental Impact Report
Ex Existing
GIS geographic information system
gpcd Gallons per capita per day
GPD Gallons per day
HCD State Department of Housing and Community Development Master Plan City of Seal Beach 2012 Water Master Plan Update MET Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
MWDOC Municipal Water District of Orange County
OC Basin Orange County Groundwater Basin
OCWD Orange County Water District
ORCC Old Ranch Country Club
OCSD Orange County Sanitary District
RA Replenishment Assessment
RHNA Regional Housing Needs Assessment
SB Senate Bill (California)
SCAG Southern California Association of Governments
SWP State Water Project
UWMP City of Seal Beach’s Urban Water Management Plan
WSA Water Supply Assessment
WSAP Water Supply Allocation Plan
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WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
Introduction
zj u:\2042665000\report\water supply assessment-sealbeach_v9_clean.docx 9

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION
The City of Seal Beach, California (City, Seal Beach) encompasses approximately 13 square miles and is located at the northwestern edge of Orange County (County), California. It borders the City of Long Beach and Los Angeles County to the north, the Orange County Cities of Huntington Beach and Westminster to the east, Huntington Beach to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west, as shown in Figure 1.

The City’s Housing Element Update, adopted by the City Council on February 7, 2022, is one of the seven state-mandated elements of a local General Plan and is required to be updated every eight years.

In response to comments from the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD), the City updated the Housing Element Update on August 24, 2023, and again in March 2024. The most up to date version of the Housing Element Update is from August 2024.

The City is preparing the Housing Element Update to comply with the legal mandate requiring each local government to identify adequate sites for housing to meet the existing and projected housing needs for varying income-levels in the community. It is intended to provide the City with a comprehensive strategy for promoting the production of safe, decent and affordable housing and affirmatively furthering fair housing during the housing cycle. The City's latest Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) allocation calls for 1,243 new housing units.

According to the Housing Element Update, housing developments that have been proposed but are not expected to receive a certificate of occupancy until after July 1, 2021, yet are anticipated to be completed before the end of the planning period (October 15, 2029), can be credited toward the RHNA. The Old Ranch Country Club (ORCC) Project, which proposes the development of 167 new dwelling units, is currently pending approval. Additionally, seven ADUs are projected to be constructed within the City during the planning period. With the combined total of these projected ADUs and the Old Ranch Country Club Project (174 dwelling units), there are only 1,069 dwelling units of the RHNA allocation that the Housing Element Update must provide.

The original Housing Element Update initially identified 13 Housing Opportunity Sites (Sites) throughout the City where existing parcels can be redeveloped for additional housing. However, the number of Sites in the latest Housing Element Update (August 2024) was reduced to eight. Under a conservative development scenario (70%-80% of the maximum allowed dwelling unit density), these eight Sites could provide a total additional 1,165 dwelling units. These Sites include two (2) underutilized sites with 129 dwelling units and six (6) rezone sites for mixed use with 1,036 dwelling units.

With 1,165 dwelling units from the Housing Opportunity Sites and 174 units from projected ADUs and the Old Ranch Country Club Project, the City can count a total of 1,339 units toward its RHNA allocation – exceeding the required 1,243 units and providing an 8% buffer.

WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
Introduction
zj u:\2042665000\report\water supply assessment-sealbeach_v9_clean.docx 10 Although a maximum buildout scenario cannot be counted in the sites inventory against the City's RHNA, this WSA will analyze this more intense level of development in the following sections to provide the most conservative water demand estimate. Under maximum buildout, the Sites could yield 1,491 dwelling units.

In addition to the eight Sites, the most recent Housing Element Update introduces a “Main Street Program.” This Main Street Program is a revised version of the 'Main Street Specific Plan,” which was originally identified as one of the 13 Sites in the initial Housing Element Update but was removed from the list in the latest version. Rather than the original estimate of 163 dwelling units for the Main Street area, the latest Housing Element Update estimates a more realistic total of 115 units (or 70% of the original projection). The eight Sites and Main Street Program are shown in Figure 2.

With the 1,491 dwelling units from the eight Sites (assuming maximum buildout) and 115 dwelling units from the Main Street Program (assuming 70% of maximum buildout), development from the latest Housing Element Update (the Project) is expected to result in a total of 1,606 dwelling units.

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1 City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Optional Site for Future Development
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-17 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-17
IR by TJ on 2024-10-17
Project Vicinity
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

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2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024.

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2 City of Seal Beach
Housing Element and Zoning Code Updates Project
Sites
Optional Site for Future
Development
V:\1858\Active\2042665000_SealBeachHousingElement\03_data\gis_cad\gis\Pro\SealBeach_Oct2024\SealBeach_Oct2024.aprx Revised: 2024-10-17 By: kdelapena 204266500
City of Seal Beach,
California
Prepared by KDLP on 2024-10-17
IR by TJ on 2024-10-17
Project Area
Disclaimer: This document has been prepared based on information provided by others as cited in the Notes section. Stantec has not verified the accuracy and/or completeness of this information and shall not be responsible for any errors or omissions which may be incorporated herein as a result. Stantec assumes no responsibility for data supplied in electronic format, and the recipient accepts full responsibility for verifying the accuracy and completeness of the data.

Project Location
Client/Project
Figure No.

Title
Notes

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California II FIPS 0402 Feet

2. Data Sources: City of Seal Beach 2024.

3. Background: World Ocean Base: Esri, GEBCO, Garmin
World Ocean Reference: Esri, GEBCO, NGS
World Topographic Map: City of Long Beach, County of Los Angeles, Bureau of Land Management, Esri, HERE, Garmin,

INCREMENT P, USGS, METI/NASA, NGA, EPA, USDA
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WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
Introduction
zj u:\2042665000\report\water supply assessment-sealbeach_v9_clean.docx 13

1.2 WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT PURPOSE
The purpose of this Water Supply Assessment (WSA) report is to satisfy Senate Bill 610 (SB610), Water Code Section 10910 et seq., Senate Bill 221 (SB221), Government Code Section 66473, and Senate Bill 1262 (SB1262) that require documentation showing adequate water supplies are or will be available to meet the water demand associated with a proposed Project.

Since the 2020 UWMPs did not include any portions of the Project as part of the City’s RHNA, per Water Code Section 10912, the proposed dwelling units from the Project triggers the requirement for a WSA.

SB610 and SB1262 stipulate when a project is subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the appropriate water supply agency must provide an assessment on whether its total projected water supplies will meet the projected water demand. The Project is subject to these requirements as it qualifies as “a large commercial, industrial, or mixed-use development” as described in SB610.

SB610 amended the portions of the California Water Code, including the Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) Act (Section 10631) and described elements of a WSA (Sections 10910, 10911, 10912, 10913, and 10915). SB1262 further amends Water Code 10910 to identify the water system not just in the service area but those adjacent to the project site that could potentially supply water to the project.

In this case, elements of a WSA are consistent with UWMPs by Section 10631 and different in that they are only required as part of the environmental review process for an individually qualifying project. In addition, SB221 requires that approval by a city or county of certain residential subdivisions, as defined by California Government Code Section 66473.7(a)(1), must include an affirmative written verification of sufficient water supplies.

1.2.1 Law: Water Code Section 10910(a)
(a) Any city or county that determines that a project, as defined in Section 10912, is subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (Division 13 (commencing with Section 21000) of the Public Resources Code) under Section 21080 of the Public Resources Code shall comply with this part.

Seal Beach City CouncilOctober 27, 2025

Seal Beach City Council
October 27, 2025