Emission Zero Program
South San Francisco City Council Meeting
March 22, 2023
Topics: North Base ZEB Transition
• Program Scope
• Battery Electric Buse (BEBs) vs. Hydrogen Fuel Cell
Bus (FCEBs)
• Recommendation
• Next Steps
2 Program Scope
• California Air Resources Board Mandate (ICT Regulation) • Vehicle Replacement
• New Infrastructure
• Facility Modifications
• Work Force Training
3 4
ICT Regulation
• Instituted by California Air Resources Board (CARB) in 2018
• Requires transit providers to transition their fleets to zero emission technology (ZE) by 2040
• SamTrans developed ICT Plan to plan; goal to convert
fleet by 2034 ahead of mandate
5 Vehicle Replacement
• 319 Fixed-Route Vehicles
• 40’ Buses
• 60’ Buses
• 70 Paratransit Vehicles
6 Facility Modifications
• Electric System Upgrades
• Maintenance Facility
Modifications
7 Work Force Training
8 BEBs vs. FCEBs
• Vehicle Performance
• Infrastructure
• Life Cycle Costs
• Emissions
• Resilience
9 Vehicle Performance
Criteria BEBs FCEBs
Range 180 - 200 miles 260 - 300 miles
Charging/Fueling Time 4 to 6 hours 6 to 20 minutes
10 BEBs: Range Requirements
11 BEBs
Type Number
40' 114
60' 21
Buses Number of Miles Traveled per Day
Range: up to 200 miles
Less than 200 miles Greater than 200 miles
97 buses 17 Buses
15 buses 6 Buses
Options for routes that travel more than 200 miles per day, includes Route ECR (over 20% of SamTrans service):
• Purchase 17 additional 40’ BEBs and 6 additional 60’ BEBs • Charge buses along the routes
FCEB: Range Requirements
12 FCEBs
Type Number
40' 114
60' 21
Range: up to 300 miles
Less than 300 miles
114 Buses
21 Buses
Buses Number of Miles Traveled per Day
No need to purchase additional buses to maintain the same service level.
BEB Infrastructure
13 FCEB Infrastructure
14 Facility Modifications for FCEBs
15 Infrastructure Schedule
16 *105 buses have reached their useful life
Purchase 105 ZEBs* Deliver 105 ZEBs
2029
BEB Infrastructure: 5 - 6 years
FCEB Infrastructure: 2.5 - 3.5 years
2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028
Life Cycle Costs: Assumptions
• Revenue Fleet at North Base (NB)
• 12 Year Life Cycle
• Reimagine SamTrans Service Level
• Costs in Year of Expenditure Dollars
17 Life Cycle Costs: Total Cost of Buses (NB)
18 BEB FCEB Variance
Number* Cost Number Cost
40’ Bus 148 $169,542,050 131 $175,120,390
60’ Bus 37 $82,851,107 31 $71,887,784
Total 185 $252,393,157 162 $247,008,174 $5,384,983
* Additional BEBs are required for routes that exceed the 200 mile range of BEBs Infrastructure Costs: BEB vs. FCEB
19 Life Cycle Costs: 12-Year Total (NB)
20 BEB FCEB Variance
Buses $252,393,157 $247,008,174 $5,384,983
Infrastructure $144,950,000 $36,150,000 $108,800,000
Vehicle Maintenance $36,592,886 $42,106,882 ($5,513,996) Infrastructure Maintenance $3,900,000 $8,580,000 ($4,680,000) Total $437,836,043 $333,845,057 $103,990,987
21 Energy Costs: Electricity vs. Hydrogen
Life Cycle Costs: 12-Year Total + Energy (NB)
22 BEB FCEB Variance
Buses $252,393,157 $247,008,174 $5,384,983
Infrastructure $144,950,000 $36,150,000 $108,800,000
Vehicle Maintenance $36,592,886 $42,106,882 ($5,513,996) Infrastructure Maintenance $3,900,000 $8,580,000 ($4,680,000) Total $437,836,043 $333,845,057 $103,990,987
Energy (electricity & H2) $41,096,703 $51,129,786 ($10,033,083) Total + Energy $478,932,746 $384,974,842 $93,957,904
Emissions (Tail Pipe)
BEBs FCEBs
Tail Pipe Emissions Zero Zero
23 * Depends on electricity source
Diesel BEBs FCEBs
0% 77% - 100%* 60%
Green House Gas (GHG) Reduction
Resilience
BEBs FCEBs
Energy Source Single Source – Electric Grid Multiple Sources Infrastructure Fixed Can be relocated
24 Criteria BEBs FCEBs
Range
Fueling Time
Infrastructure
Maintenance
Energy Costs
GHG Reduction
Resilience
25 • Bay Area Transit Agencies
• BEBs: SF MTA
• BEBs & FCEBs/FCEB Plans: AC Transit, VTA, Golden Gate • At least 19 Agencies have FCEBs/ FCEB Plans
• AC Transit: 70% FCEBs – 30% BEBs
• Foothill Transit: 1 Facility for FCEBs, 1 Facility for BEBs • FCEBs: 157 by 2023; 1500 by 2031
• H2 Stations: 12 by 2023; 34 by 2031
26 Other Transit Agencies in CA
Recommendations
• North Base (SSF)
• South Base (San Carlos)
• Progress and Timeline
27 Recommendation: North Base
Replace North Base Diesel Fleet with FCEBs
• Operational Flexibility: Range & Fueling Time
• Infrastructure Cost & Schedule
• Resilience
• Experience of other transit agencies
28 Recommendation: South Base
Decide in 2024 on type of zero emission bus for the rest of the South Base Fleet based on the following:
• Actual experience with BEBs and FCEBs
• Actual Costs of Electricity and Hydrogen
• Actual Infrastructure Costs & Schedule
• Additional Experience of Other Transit Agencies
29 Progress: FCEB Infrastructure – North Base
• Completed Feasibility Studies
• Conforms to Safety Standards
• Updated and obtained
requirements from SSF Fire
Marshal – no major concerns
• Temporary Hydrogen Fueling
Station by Winter 2023
• Facility Modifications for 10
FCEBs by Spring 2024
30 31
Vehicle Procurement Timeline
32 Vehicle Procurement Timeline
Next Steps
• Next Steps Review
• Request: Support for Funding Applications
33 Next Steps Review
• Seek outside funding for zero emission
vehicles & infrastructure
• Procure 105 FCEBs for North Base (NB)
• Design & Construct Permanent Hydrogen
Fueling Station at NB
• Design & Construct Facility Modifications at
NB
• Decide in 2024 on ZEB for Rest of SB Fleet
34 Request: Support for Funding Applications
SamTrans is requesting support from the City of South San Francisco for its Emission Zero plan to use when applying to multiple funding sources:
• FTA Low-No Emission & Bus & Bus Facilities
• Department of Energy’s Federal Hydrogen Hub
• CTC Local Partnership Program (LPP)
• Others as they arise
35 Questions?
36