UTILITY PAVEMENT CUT & HEAVY CONSTRUCTION
VEHICLE FEE STUDIES
SEPTEMBER 24, 2025
1 2
Ordinance Establishing a Utility Pavement Cut Fee
Ordinance Establishing a Heavy Construction Vehicle Fee Ordinance Establishing a Pavement Cut Moratorium
3 Background
Street conditions continue to
deteriorate
Increased construction
costs
Impact of uncoordinated
pavement cuts
Increased frequency of
heavy vehicles
• Federal
Funding
• State
Funding
• Local
Funding
• General
Fund
• Pavement
Fees
Study 2
Impact of
Construction
Vehicles on
Pavements
Impact of Utility
Cuts on Pavements
Study 1
4 Two
Studies
5 Damage Mechanism
Pavement Cuts
6 Site
Selection
Distress
Survey
Deflection
Testing
Coring
Pavement Cut Recovery Fee- Data Collection
Section
with Cut
Section
without Cut
• Pavements with cuts deteriorate faster
96% percent of test sites showed damage
• Utility cuts do more damage to pavements in good condition (PCI>70) • Large cuts do more damage
Reduce PCI by 38%
Pavement Cut Recovery Fee-Findings
Pavement Cut Recovery Fee-Fee Schedule
Functional Class PCI Group
Fee ($/sf of cut)
Small Cuts Large Cuts
Arterials/Collectors
PCI ≥ 70 $0.50 $2.50
PCI < 70 $0.50 $2.00
Residentials
PCI ≥ 70 $0.50 $3.50
PCI < 70 $0.50 $1.50
Small Cuts Large Cuts
Pavement Cut Recovery Fee-Typical Ranges
Study 2
Impact of
Construction
Vehicles on
Pavements
Impact of Utility
Cuts on Pavements
Study 1
10 Two
Studies
11 Damage Mechanism
Heavy Vehicles
Vehicle Type/Weight
Trip Frequency
Layer thicknesses by
functional class
Pavement condition index
by functional class
Percent network in each
condition category
Funding needed
to meet PCI goal
Factors
Vehicle Impact Fee-Methodology
Average damage cost per heavy vehicle-
• $950 for residentials
• $66 for arterials/collectors
Results
Criteria $/sf of
structure
Residential Unit Fee
$1.00
Single Family
Non-Residential
Unit Fee* $0.50
*Multi-Family/Commercial/Industrial
13 Heavy Vehicle Fee-Typical Ranges
14 Local Bay Area Agencies with Moratorium Standards
City of East Palo Alto
City of San Mateo
City of Millbrae
15 Pavement Moratorium
Support Pavement Program
16 Q & A
EXTRA SLIDES
17 18
PMS Data
PCI Comparison
Pavement Life
Reduction
Pavement Cut Recovery Fee-Historical Evaluation
19 Section
with Cut
Section
without Cut
Site
Selection
Distress
Survey
Deflection
Testing
Coring
Functional Evaluation
PCI Comparison
Pavement Life
Reduction
Structural Evaluation
Deflection
Comparison
Overlay Thickness
Comparison
Pavement Cut Recovery Fee-Field Evaluation
Pavement condition drops an entire condition category
93 to 58 means in practice going from slurry seal to thin overlay (costlier) • Large cuts
Reduce PCI by 38%
Pavement Cut Recovery Fee-Findings
Pavement Cut Recovery Fee-Fee Schedule
Functional Class PCI Group
Fee ($/Square Foot)
Small Cut Large Cut
Arterials/Collectors
PCI ≥ 70 $0.50 $2.50
PCI < 70 $0.50 $2.00
Residentials
PCI ≥ 70 $0.50 $3.50
PCI < 70 $0.50 $1.50
Small Cuts Large Cuts
Vehicle Type/Weight
Trip Frequency
Layer thicknesses by
functional class
Pavement condition index
by functional class
Percent network in each
condition category
Funding needed
to meet PCI goal
Process
• Calculate the average waste vehicle
traffic demand (ESALs) (Equivalent Single
Axle Load)
• Calculate the average pavement
structural capacity (ESALs)
Inputs
Impact =
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑆𝑆 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑆𝑆 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶
Output
• Perform budget analysis using
Pavement Management software over
an analysis period
• Obtain condition category breakdown
for each year
• Calculate impact in each condition
category for each year
Calculate equivalent cost /year:
Impact * Annual Budget
Vehicle Impact Fee-Methodology
Maintain PCI by Functional Class- $6 Million/Year
• Residential (PCI 77)
• Arterial and Collector (PCI 75)
• Overall network PCI 76
Total Budget for Residential~ $1.9M/ Year
Total Budget for Arterial/Collector ~ $4.1M/ Year
$- $0.4
$1.6 $1.6 $1.8 $2.2 $2.3 $2.3 $2.2 $2.0 $2.1
$-
$0.8
$3.3
$4.8 $4.5
$5.8 $5.6 $5.1
$3.4 $4.5
$3.2
77 77
75 76 75
76 0
10 20
30 40
50 60
70 80
90 100
$-
$1.0
$2.0
$3.0
$4.0
$5.0
$6.0
$7.0
$8.0
$9.0
Current 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pavement Condition Index (PCI)
Budget ($)
Analysis Year Budget - Residential Budget - Arterial/Collector PCI - Residential PCI - Arterial/Collector
Vehicle Impact Fee-Financial Analysis
24 City of San Diego
County of San Diego
City & Co. of San Francisco
Local Bay Area Agencies with Moratorium Standards
City of Anaheim
City of Commerce
City of Encinitas
City of Los Angeles
County of Los Angeles
City of Oakland
County of Sacramento