St. Helena City Council
October 13, 2026

examinations were conducted with an identical protocol by the same technicians; the histopathologic examination used the same morphologic classification; and every neoplasm was reviewed by the NTP Quality Assurance contractor and the NTP Pathology Working Group. For these reasons, more credence than usual was given to the historical data. Although no malignant epithelial neoplasms were observed in the large intestine in this study, this progression occurs with known intestinal carcinogens.

It is plausible that the true value of the human oral cancer potency for asbestos in drinking water has a lower bound of zero based on statistical and biological uncertainties.

Part of this uncertainty is due to limited suggestive evidence to support a genotoxic mechanism. However, due to the absence of specific scientific information explaining why the animal tumors are irrelevant to humans at environmental exposure levels, a standard health protective approach was taken to estimate cancer risk. The OEHHA public health goal uses the calculations derived by the U.S. EPA (1991a) in establishing the federal MCL. The resulting PHG is considered to contain an adequate margin of safety to protect against the potential genotoxicity as well as noncarcinogenic effects including adverse effects on the gastrointestinal system, immune system, kidney, and body weights. Sensitive subpopulations should also be protected against adverse effects.

REGULATORY STANDARDS
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) and Drinking Water Standards The U.S. EPA (1991a, 1994) and approximately nine states have set 7 or 7.1 MFL as a drinking water standard, for asbestos fibers exceeding 10 µm in length (ATSDR, 1995).

The ATSDR (1995) also selected the 7.1 MFL as an appropriate risk estimate without commenting upon the much lower extrapolations from occupational inhalation studies.

In 1991, U.S EPA (1991a, 1994) adopted an MCL and an MCLG of 7 MFL or 7×106 fibers/L for asbestos fibers exceeding 10 µm in length (40 CFR 141.51), based upon evidence of benign polyps occurring in the large intestine of Fischer 344/N male rats following the oral administration of intermediate range, longer than 10 µm size chrysotile fibers (NTP, 1985). Similar lifetime carcinogenesis studies of chrysotile asbestos in male and female Syrian golden hamsters did not cause any tumors when ingested at the one percent level in the diet (NTP, 1990a).

Although asbestos has been shown to be a human carcinogen through inhalation exposure and is classified by the U.S. EPA as a Group A human carcinogen, asbestos in water is classified as a Category II contaminant based on evidence from the NTP dietary and drinking water ingestion studies. Based on a daily consumption of two liters of drinking water and considering the risk level of 10-6, the corresponding interim Ambient Water Quality Criteria (AWQC for ingesting water and organisms) established by the U.S. EPA (1980) was 3×104
or 30,000 fibers/L using preliminary NTP data.

DHS (1991) proposed, but never finalized, that a Recommended Public Health Level (RPHL) for California be set at 7×106
fibers/L for fibers exceeding 10 µm in length, that
is, the U.S. EPA’s MCL. California, Kansas, and Minnesota established a drinking water ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 58 September 2003

quality standard of 7.1×106 fibers/L for asbestos. Arizona, Florida, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, Utah, and Wisconsin established a drinking water quality standard of 7×106 fibers/L for asbestos (ATSDR, 1995).

Other Regulatory Standards
Because of the potential for asbestos to cause adverse health effects in exposed people, numerous regulations and advisories have been established for asbestos by various international, national, and state agencies. Such regulations and advisories control asbestos in air and water, and how it is contained, handled, and disposed.

In addition to the Safe Drinking Water Act, U.S. EPA regulates asbestos under the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, and Toxic Substances Control Act. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulates the use of asbestos in indirect food additives, adhesives, components of coatings, and polymers, as well as the use of asbestos filters in the manufacture of drugs and drug ingredients under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has banned garments containing asbestos for general use since 1978, and since October 1986, has required labeling of all consumer products containing intentionally added asbestos that are likely to release fibers. The CPSC has banned the use of asbestos in patching compounds and in gas fireplaces. U.S. manufacturers of hand-held hair dryers cooperated with CPSC in ceasing to use asbestos liners (NTP, 2000).

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH, 1994) has recommended that asbestos be treated as a potential human carcinogen since 1972. The NIOSH recommended exposure limit is 0.1 fibers/mL for fibers greater than 5 µm in length as a time-weighted average (TWA) concentration for up to an 8-hour workshift, 40-hour workweek (NIOSH, 1997). The federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) established a workplace Permissible Exposure Limit in 1994 of

0.1 fibers per mL of air averaged over an 8-hour work shift based on a count of fibers greater than 5 µm in length, for both general industry and construction. The excursion or short-term limit is 1 fiber/mL averaged over a sampling period of 30 minutes (OSHA, 1994). Fiber is defined as a particulate form of asbestos, tremolite, anthophyllite, or actinolite, 5 µm or longer, with a length-to-diameter ratio of at least three to one (29 CFR 1910.1001). The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has designated asbestos as an A1 suspected human carcinogen. ACGIH has set a threshold limit value (TLV) of 2 fibers/mL for chrysotile, 0.5 fiber/mL for amosite,

0.2 fiber/mL for crocidolite, and 2 fibers/mL for other forms, as a TWA for a normal 8-hour workday and a 40-hour workweek (NIOSH, 1997).

Most states have adopted and enforce the regulations and guidelines set by national agencies. For example, with regard to air emission standards, most states follow the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) established by U.S. EPA (1990) for asbestos emissions. States may establish their own standards, but they must be comparable to or more stringent than the ones set forth by U.S. EPA, ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 59 September 2003

OSHA, and similar agencies. In addition, states may establish regulations for asbestos when federal regulations do not exist for a particular scenario (Kaplan, 1993). In California, asbestos is regulated as a carcinogen under California’s Toxic Air Contaminant (TAC) program, and OEHHA has conducted a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) for the inhalation route. The Minnesota Department of Health has set its Clean Indoor Air Standard at 0.01 fibers/mL.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 60 September 2003

REFERENCES

Abidi P, Afaq F, Arif JM, Lohani M, Rahman Q (1999). Chrysotile-mediated imbalance in the glutathione redox system in the development of pulmonary injury. Toxicol Lett 106(1):31-39.

Adachi S, Kawamura K, Yoshida S, Takamoto K (1992). Oxidative damage on DNA induced by asbestos and man-made fibers in vitro. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 63:553-557.

Albin M, Jakobsen K, Attewell R, et al. (1990). Mortality and cancer morbidity in cohorts of asbestos cement workers and referents. Br J Ind Med 47:602-610.

Albin M, Magnani C, Krstev S, Rapiti E, Shefer I (1999). Asbestos and cancer: An overview of current trends in Europe. Environ Health Perspect 107(Suppl 2):289-298.

Amacher DE, Alarif A, Epstein SS (1974). Effects of ingested chrysotile on DNA synthesis in the gastrointestinal tract and liver of the rat. Environ Health Perspect 9:319­ 324.

Amacher DE, Alarif A, Epstein SS (1975). The dose-dependent effects of ingested chrysotile on DNA synthesis in the gastrointestinal tract, liver and pancreas of the rat.

Environ Res 10:208-216.

Andersen A, Glattre E, Johansen BV (1993). Incidence of cancer among lighthouse keepers exposed to asbestos in drinking water. Am J Epidemiol 138(9):682-687.

Athanasiou K, Constantopoulos SH, Rivedal E, Fitzgerald DJ, Yamasaki H (1992).

Metsovo-tremolite asbestos fibres: In vitro effects on mutation, chromosome aberrations, cell transformation and intercellular communication. Mutagenesis 7:343-347.

Aslam M, Ashquin M, Rahman Q (1992). In vitro cytotoxic effects of wallastonites on rat hepatocytes. II. Lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 49:547-554.

ATSDR (1995). Toxicological Profile for Asbestos (Update). Prepared by Sciences International, Inc. under subcontract to Research Triangle Institute under contract No. 205-93-0606. August. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, Georgia.

Ault JG, Cole RW, Jensen CG, Jensen LCW, Bachert LA, Rieder CL (1995). Behavior of crocidolite asbestos during mitosis in living vertebrate lung epithelial cells. Cancer Res 55:792-798.

Babu KA, Lakkad BC, Nigam SK, Bhatt DK, Karnik AB, Thakore KN, Kashyap SK, Chatterjee SK (1980). In vitro cytological and cytogenetic effects of an Indian variety of chrysotile asbestos. Environ Res 21:416-422.

Bales RC, Morgan JJ (1985). Surface charge and adsorption properties of chrysotile asbestos in natural water. Environ Sci Technol 19:1213-1219.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 61 September 2003

Barbers RG, Shih WW, Saxon A (1982). In vitro depression of human lymphocyte mitogen response phytohaemagglutinin by asbestos fibers. Clin Exp Immunol 48:602­ 610.

Barrett JC (1991). Role of chromosomal mutations in asbestos-induced cell transformation. In: Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Fiber Carcinogenesis. Harris CC, Lechner JF, Brinkley BR, eds. Current Communications in Cell and Molecular Biology series, Vol 2, Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York. pp. 27-39.

Barrett JC (1992). Mechanisms of action of known human carcinogens. IARC Scientific Publications 116:115-134.

Barrett JC, Lamb PW, Wiseman RW (1989). Multiple mechanisms for the carcinogenic effects of asbestos and other mineral fibers. Environ Health Perspect 81:81-89.

Bey E, Harington JS (1971). Cytotoxic effects of some mineral dusts on Syrian hamster peritoneal macrophages. J Exp Med 133:1149-1169.

Bignon J (1989). Mineral fibres in the non-occupational environment. IARC Scientific Publications 90:3-29.

Biles B, Emerson TR (1968). Examination of fibres in beer. Nature 219:93-94.

Bishop K, Ring SJ, Zoltai T, Manos CG, Ahrens VD, Lisk DJ (1985). Identification of asbestos and glass fibers in municipal sewage sludges. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 34(3):301-308.

Boatman ES, Merrill T, O'Neill A, Polissar L, Millette JR (1983). Use of quantitative analysis of urine to assess exposure to asbestos fibers in drinking water in the Puget Sound region. Environ Health Perspect 53:131-141.

Boffetta P (1998). Health effects of asbestos exposure in humans: A quantitative assessment. Med Lav 89(6):471-480.

Bolton RE, Davis JMG, Lamb D (1982). The pathological effects of prolonged asbestos ingestion in rats. Environ Res 29:134-150.

Bonneau L, Malard C, Pezerat H (1986). Studies on surface properties of asbestos. II.

Role of dimensional characteristics and surface properties of mineral fibers in the induction of pleural tumors. Environ Res 41:268-275.

Both K, Henderson DW, Turner DR (1994). Asbestos and erionite fibres can induce mutations in human lymphocytes that result in loss of heterozygosity. Int J Cancer 59:538-542.

Both K, Turner DR, Henderson DW (1995). Loss of heterozygosity in asbestos-induced mutations in a human mesothelioma cell line. Environ Mol Mutag 26:67-71.

Brenner J, Sordillo P, Magill G (1981). Malignant mesothelioma in children: report of 7 cases and review of the literature. Med Pediatr Oncol 9:367-373.

Brown RC, Chamberlain M, Griffiths DM, Timbrell V (1978). The effect of fibre size on the in vitro biological activity of three types of amphibole asbestos. Int J Cancer 22:721­ 727.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 62 September 2003

Brown RC, Poole A, Fleming GTA (1983). The influence of asbestos dust on the oncogenic transformation on C3H10T1/2 cells. Cancer Lett 18:221-227.

Casey G (1983). Sister chromatid exchange and cell kinetics in CHO-K1 cells, human fibroblasts and lymphoblastoid cells exposed in vitro to asbestos and glass fibers. Mutat Res 16:369-377.

Cantor KP (1997). Drinking water and cancer. Cancer Causes and Control 8(3):292-308.

Carter RE, Taylor WF (1980). Identification of a particular amphibole asbestos fiber in tissues of persons exposed to a high oral intake of the mineral. Environ Res 21:85-93.

Cavazza A, Nigrisoli E, De Marco L, Paci M, et al. (2001). [Bronchiolitis obliteransorganizing pneumonia (BOOP) containing asbestos bodies: clinico-pathological study of a case]. Pathologica 93(6):681-4. [In Italian].

Cemerikic DA (1977). Asbestos in drinking water: The possible nephrotoxicity and hypertensive effects. IRCS Med Sci 5:132.

Chamberlain M, Brown RC (1978). The cytotoxic effects of asbestos and other mineral dusts in tissue culture cell lines. Br J Exp Path 59:183-189.

Chamberlain M, Tarmy EM (1977). Asbestos and glass fibers in bacterial mutation tests.

Mutat Res 43:159-164.

Choe N, Zhang J, Iwagaki A, Tanaka S, Hemenway DR, Kagan E (1999). Asbestos exposure upregulates the adhesion of pleural leukocytes to pleural mesothelial cells via VACM-1. Am J Physiol 277(2 Part 1):L292-L300.

Chouroulinkov I (1989). Experimental studies on ingested fibres. IARC Scientific Publications 90:112-126.

Churg A (1988). Chrysotile, tremolite, and malignant mesothelioma in man. Chest 93(3):621-628.

Churg A (1998). Nonoccupational exposure to chrysotile asbestos and the link to lung cancer. New England J Med 339(14):999, 1001-1002.

Clemmesen J, Jensen SH (1981). Cancer incidence among 5,686 asbestos-cement workers followed from 1943 through 1976. Ecotoxicol Environ Safety 5:15-23.

Cleveland MG (1984). Mutagenesis of Escherichia coli (CSH50) by asbestos (41954).

Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 177:343-346.

Cocco P, Ward MH, Dosemeci M (1998). Occupational risk factors for cancer of the gastric cardia. Analysis of death certificates from 24 U.S. states. J Occup Environ Med 40(10):855-861.

Cohen D, Arai SF, Brain JD (1979). Smoking impairs long-term dust clearance from the lung. Science 204:514-517.

Condi LW (1983). Review of published studies of orally administered asbestos. Environ Health Perspect 53:3-9.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 63 September 2003

Conforti PM, Kanarek MS, Jackson LA, Cooper RC, Murchio JC (1981). Asbestos in drinking water and cancer in the San Francisco Bay Area: 1969-1974 incidence. J Chronic Dis 34(5):211-224.

Conforti PM (1983). Effect of population density on the results of the study of water supplies in five California counties. Environ Health Perspect 53:69-78.

Cook PM (1983). Review of published studies on gut penetration by ingested asbestos fibers. Environ Health Perspect 53:121-130.

Cook PM, Glass GE, Tucker JH (1974). Asbestiform amphibole minerals: Detection and measurement of high concentrations in municipal water supplies. Science 185:853-855.

Cook PM, Rubin I, Maggiore C, Nicholson W (1976). X-ray diffraction and electron beam analysis of asbestiform minerals in Lake Superior. Inst Electr Electron Eng J 75:34-41.

Cook PM, Olson GF (1979). Ingested mineral fibers: Elimination in human urine.

Science 204:195-198.

Corpet DE, Pirot V, Goubet I (1993). Asbestos induces aberrant crypt foci in the colon of rats. Cancer Lett 74(3):183-187.

Cotruvo JA (1983). Asbestos in drinking water: A status report. Environ Health Perspect 53:181-183.

Craun GF, Millette JR (1977). Exposure to asbestos in water distribution systems. In:

Proceedings of the 97th Conferences of the American Water Works Association.

American Water Works Association, Anaheim, California. Denver, Colorado.

Cunningham HM, Pontefract RD (1971). Asbestos fibers in beverages and drinking water. Nature 232:332-333.

Cunningham HM, Pontefract RD (1973). Asbestos fibers in beverages, drinking water, and tissues: Their passage through the intestinal wall and movement through the body. J Am Off Anal Chem 56:976-981.

Cunningham HM, Pontefract RD (1974). Placental transfer of asbestos. Nature 249:177­ 178.

Cunningham HM, Moodie CA, Lawrence GA, Pontefract RD (1977). Chronic effects of ingested asbestos in rats. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 6:507-513.

Cutler SJ, Young YL, eds. (1975). Third National Cancer Survey: Incidence Data.

National Cancer Institute Monograph 41. DHEW Publication No. (NIH) 75-787. 454 pp.

U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (DHEW), Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.

Daniel FB (1983). In vitro assessment of asbestos genotoxicity. Environ Health Perspect 53:163-167.

Davis JMG (1974). Histogenesis and fine structure of peritoneal tumors produced in animals by injection of asbestos. J Natl Cancer Inst 52(6):1823-1837.

Davis JMG, Bolton RE, Garrett J (1974). Penetration of cells by asbestos fibers. Environ Health Perspect 9:255-260.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 64 September 2003

de Gerhardsson V, Plato N, Steineck G, Peters JM (1992). Occupational exposures and cancer of the colon and rectum. Am J Ind Med 22:291-303.

Delahunty TJ, Hollander D (1987). Toxic effect on the rat small intestine of chronic administration of asbestos in drinking water. Toxicol Lett 39:205-209.

Delfino R, Anton-Culver H, Saltzstein S (1995). Gender-related differences in the distribution of thoracic versus abdominal malignant mesothelioma. Cancer Detect Prev 19(4):301-307.

Dement JM, Harris RL (1979). Estimates of Pulmonary and Gastrointestinal Deposition for Occupational Fiber Exposures. 84 pp. Publ. No. 79-135. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Contract No. 78-2438, NTIS PB80-149644. U.S. DHEW, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Washington, D.C.

Denizeau F, Marion M, Chevalier G, Cote M (1985). Inability of chrysotile asbestos to modulate the 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced UDS in primary cultures of hepatocytes.

Mutat Res 155:83-90.

DeShazo RD, Nordberg J, Baser Y, Bolzelka B, Weill H, Salvaggio J (1983). Analysis of depressed cell-mediated immunity in asbestos. J Allergy Clin Immunol 71(4):418-424.

DHHS (1987). Committee to Coordinate Environmental and Related Programs Report on cancer risks associated with the ingestion of asbestos, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Environ Health Perspect 72:253-265.

DHS (1991). Proposed Recommended Public Health Level (RPHL) for Asbestos, Barium, Styrene: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Primary Drinking Water Regulations, Phase II, Final Rules. Memo from Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Section to Chemical Standards and Technology Unit, Office of Drinking Water, Department of Health Services, State of California. 2 pp. May 1. DHS, Berkeley, California.

Ding M, Dong Z, Chen F, Pack D, Ma WY, Ye J, Shi X, Castranova V, Vallyathan V (1999). Asbestos induces activator protein-1 transactivation in transgenic mice. Cancer Res 59(8):1884-1889.

Dodson RF, Williams MG, Huang J, Bruce JR (1999). Tissue burden of asbestos in nonoccupationally exposed individuals from East Texas. Am J Ind Med 35:281-286.

Doll NJ, Diem JE, Jones RN, Rodriguez M, Bozelka BE, Stankus RP, Weil H, Salvaggio JE (1983). Humoral immunological abnormalities in workers exposed to asbestos cement dust. J Allergy Clin Immunol 72:509-512.

Doll R, Peto R (1985). Asbestos: Effects on Health of Exposure to Asbestos. Report to the Health and Safety Commission. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, Great Britain.

Dong HY, Buard A, Levy F, Renier A, Laval F, Jaurand MC (1995). Synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) in asbestos treated rat pleural mesothelial cells in culture. Mutat Res 331:197-204.

Donaldson K (1996). Short-term animal studies for detecting inflammation, fibrosis and pre-neoplastic changes induced by fibres. IARC Scientific Publications 140:97-106.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 65 September 2003

Donaldson K, Golyasnya N (1995). Cytogenetic and pathogenic effects of long and short amosite asbestos. J Pathol 177:303-307.

Donham KJ, Berg JW, Will LA, Leininger JR (1980). The effects of long-term ingestion of asbestos on the colon of F344 rats. Cancer 45(Suppl):1073-1084.

Dopp E, Saedler J, Stopper H, Weiss DG, Schiffmann D (1995). Mitotic disturbances and micronucleus induction in Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) fibroblast cells caused by different types of asbestos fibers. Environ Health Perspect 103:268-271.

Dopp E, Schuler M, Schiffmann D, Eastmond D (1997). Induction of micronuclei hyperdiploidy and chromosomal breakage affecting the centric/pericentric regions of chromosome 1 and 9 in human amniotic fluid cells after treatment with asbestos and ceramic fibers. Mutat Res 377:77-87.

Dopp E, Schiffmann D (1998). Analysis of chromosomal alterations induced by asbestos and ceramic fibers. Toxicol Lett 96-97:155-162.

Driscoll KE (1996). Effects of fibres on cell proliferation, cell activation, and gene expression. IARC Scientific Publ 140:73-96.

Driscoll KE (2000). TNF-alpha and MIP-2: Role in particle-induced inflammation and regulation by oxidative stress. Toxicol Lett 112-113:177-183.

Drumm K, Messner C, Kienast K (1999). Reactive oxygen intermediate-release of fibreexposed monocytes increases inflammatory cytokine-mRNA level, protein tyrosine kinase and NF-kappaB activity in co-cultured bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Eur J Med Res 4(7):257-263.

Eastman A, Mossman BT, Bresnick E (1983). Influence of asbestos on the uptake of benzo(a) pyrene and DNA alkylation in hamster tracheal epithelial cells. Cancer Res 43:1251-1255.

Edelman DA (1988). Exposure to asbestos and the risk of gastrointestinal cancer: A reassessment. Br J Ind Med 45:75-82.

Ehrlich R, Rohl AN, Holstein EC (1985). Asbestos bodies in carcinoma of colon in an insulation worker with asbestosis. J Am Med Assoc 254:2932-2933.

Ehrlich R, Lilis R, Chan E, Nicholson WJ, Selikoff IJ (1992). Long term radiological effects of short term exposure to amosite asbestos among factory workers. Br J Ind Med 49(4):268-275.

Elmes PC, Simpson MC (1971). Insulation workers in Belfast. 3. Mortality 1940-1960.

Br J Ind Med 28:226-236.

Emerit I, Jaurand MC, Saint-Etienne L, Levy A (1991). Formation of a clastogenic factor by asbestos-treated rat pleural mesothelial cells. Agents Actions 34:410-415.

Emerit I, Levy A, Pagano G, Pinto L, Calzone R, Zatterale A (1995). Transferable clastogenic activity in plasma from patients with Fanconi anemia. Human Genet 96:14­

20. Engelbrecht FM, Burger BF (1973). Biological effect of asbestos dust on the peritoneal viscera of rats. South Afr Med J 47:1746-1750.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 66 September 2003

Enterline PE, Kendrick MA (1967). Asbestos dust exposures at various levels and mortality. Arch Environ Health 15:181-186.

Enterline PE, Hartley J, Henderson V (1987). Asbestos and cancer: a cohort followup to death. Am J Ind Med 44:396-401.

Epstein SS, Varnes M (1976). The short-term effects of ingested chrysotile asbestos on DNA synthesis in the pancreas and other organs of a primate. Experientia 32:602-604.

Erdreich LS (1983). Comparing epidemiologic studies of ingested asbestos for use in risk assessment. Environ Health Perspect 53:99-104.

Evans JC, Evans RJ, Holmes A, Hounam RF, Jones DM, Morgan A, Walsh M (1973).

Studies on the deposition of inhaled fibrous material in the respiratory tract of the rat and its subsequent clearance using radioactive tracer techniques. I. UICC crocidolite asbestos. Environ Res 6:180-201.

Fasy TM (1991). Asbestos fibers are mutagenic after all: New signs of orthodoxy for a paradoxical group of carcinogens. Ann New York Acad Sci 643:271-279.

Faux SP, Howden PJ, Levy LS (1994). Iron-dependent formation of 8­ hydroxydeoxyguanosine in isolated DNA and mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA102 induced by crocidolite. Carcinogenesis 15(8):1749-1751.

Finkelstein MM (1983). Mortality among long-term employees of an Ontario asbestoscement factory. Br J Ind Med 40:138-144.

Finn MB, Hallenbeck WH (1985). Detection of chrysotile in workers urine. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 46:162-169.

Floyd RA (1990). The role of 8-hydroxyguanine in carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 11:1447-1450.

Fournier J, Pezerat H (1986). Studies on surface properties of asbestos. III. Interactions between asbestos and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Res 41:276-295.

Fraire AE, Cooper S, Greenberg SD, Buffler P, Langston C (1988). Mesothelioma of childhood. Cancer 62:838-847.

Frash VN, Pavlov VA, Ubakov SA (1999). Separate and combined mutagenic effect of radiation and asbestos on the micronucleus test in experiments. Radiats Biol Radioecol 39(4):406-408.

Frumkin H, Berlin J (1988). Asbestos exposure and gastrointestinal malignancy review and meta-analysis. Am J Ind Med 14:79-95.

Fu D, Liu B, Miao Q, Wang H (1997). PCR-SSCP and sequencing analysis on mutations of anti-oncogene p53 in asbestos-related lung cancer. Health Res (Wei Sheng Yen Chiu) 26(5):289-292.

Fubini B (1996). Use of physico-chemical and cell-free assays to evaluate the potential carcinogenicity of fibres. IARC Scientific Publ 140:35-54.

Fubini B, Mollo L (1995). Role of iron in the reactivity of mineral fibers. Toxicol Lett 82-83:951-960.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 67 September 2003

Gaylor DW, Kodell RL (2000). Percentiles of the product of uncertainty factors for establishing probabilistic reference doses. Risk Anal 20(2):245-250.

Geist LJ, Powers LS, Monick MM, Hunninghake GW (1999). Asbestos stimulation triggers differential cytokine release from human monocytes and alveolar macrophages.

Exp Lung Res 26(1):41-56.

Germani D, Belli S, Bruno C, Grignoli M, et al. (1999). Cohort mortality study of women compensated for asbestosis in Italy. Am J Ind Med 36:129-134.

Gibel W, Lohs KH, Horn KH, Wildner GP, Hoffmann F (1976). Animal experimental investigations of the carcinogenic activity of asbestos filter material following oral administration. Arch Geschwulstforsch 46(6):437-442.

Goldberg MS, Parent M, Siemiatycki J, et al. (2001). A case-control study of the relationship between the risk of colon cancer in men and exposures to occupational agents. Am J Ind Med 39:531-546.

Goodfellow PB, Brown SR, Hosie KB, Feeley K (1999). Squamous cell carcinoma of the colon in an asbestos worker. Eur J Surg Oncol 25(6):632-633.

Goodglick LA, Kane AB (1986). Role of reactive oxygen metabolites in crocidolite asbestos toxicity to mouse macrophages. Cancer Res 46:5558-5566.

Goodman M, Morgan RW, Ray R, Malloy CD, Zhao K (1999). Cancer in asbestosexposed occupational cohorts: A meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control 10(5):453-465.

Gormley IP, Kowolik MJ, Cullen RT (1985). The chemiluminescent response of human phagocytic cells to mineral dusts. Br J Exp Pathol 66:409-416.

Governa M, Amati M, Valentino M, Visona I, Fubini B, Botta GC, Volpe AR, Carmignani M (2000). In vitro cleavage by asbestos fibers of the fifth component of human complement through free-radical generation and kallikrein activation. J Toxicol Environ Health 59(7):539-552.

Gross P, Harley RA, Swinburne LM, Davis JM, Greene WB (1974). Ingested mineral fibers: Do they penetrate tissue or cause cancer? Arch Environ Health 29:341-347.

Guillemin MP, Litzistorf G, Buffat PA (1989). Urinary fibers in occupational exposure to asbestos. Ann Occup Hyg 33:219.

Hall AH, Rumack BH, eds. (2000). Toxicology and Occupational Medicine System (TOMES PLUS), a computerized database.

Hallenbeck WH, Patel-Mandlik KJ (1979). Presence of fibers in the urine of a baboon gavaged with chrysotile asbestos. Environ Res 20:335-340.

Hansen K, and Mossman BT (1987). Generation of superoxide (O - 2 ) from alveolar
macrophages exposed to asbestiform and nonfibrous particles. Cancer Res 47:1681-1686.

Haque AK, Mancuso MG, Williams MG, Dodson RF (1992). Asbestos in organ and placenta of five stillborn infants suggests transplacental transfer. Environ Res 58:163­ 175.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 68 September 2003

Haque AK, Vrazel DM, Burau KD, Cooper SP, Downs T (1996). Is there transplacental transfer of asbestos? A study of 40 stillborn infants. Pediatric Pathol Lab Med 16:877­ 892.

Haque AK, Vrazel DM (1998). Transplacental transfer of asbestos in pregnant mice.

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 60:620-625.

Haque AK, Vrazel DM, Uchida T (1998). Assessment of asbestos burden in the placenta and tissue digests of stillborn infants in South Texas. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 35:532-538.

Haque AK, Ali I, Vrazel DM (2001). Chrysotile asbestos fibers detected in the newborn pups following gavage feeding of pregnant mice. J Toxicol Environ Hlth, Part A, 62:23­

31. Harrington JM, Craun GF, Meigs JW, Landrigan PJ, Flannery JT, Woodhull RS (1978).

An investigation of the use of asbestos cement pipe for public water supply and the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer in Connecticut, 1935-1973. Am J Epidemiol 107:96­ 103.

Hart GA, Kathman LM, Hesterberg TW (1994). In vitro cytotoxicity of asbestos and man-made vitreous fibers: Roles of fiber length, diameter and composition.

Carcinogenesis 15:971-977.

Hayward SB (1984). Field monitoring of chrysotile asbestos in California water. J Am Water Works Assoc 76:66-73.

HEI (1991). Asbestos in public and commercial buildings: A literature review and synthesis of current knowledge. Report of the asbestos literature review panel. Health Effects Institute (HEI), Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Hei TK, Geard CR, Osmak RS, Travisano M (1985). Correlation of in vitro genotoxicity and oncogenicity induced by radiation and asbestos fibers. Br J Cancer 52:591-597.

Hei TK, He ZY, Piao CQ, Waldren C (1991). The mutagenicity of mineral fibers. In:

Mechanisms in Fiber Carcinogenesis. Brown RC, Hoskins JA, Johnson NF, eds. Plenum Press, New York, New York. pp. 319-325.

Hei TK, Piao CQ, He ZY, Vannais D, Waldren CA (1992). Chrysotile fiber is a strong mutagen in mammalian cells. Cancer Res 52:6305-6309.

Hei TK, He ZY, Suzuki K (1995). Effects of antioxidants on fiber mutagenesis.

Carcinogenesis 16(7):1573-1578.

Hendenborg M, Klockars M (1987). Production of reactive oxygen metabolites induced by asbestos fibres in human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. J Clin Pathol 40:1189-1193.

Henderson WJ, Evans DMD, Davies JD, Griffiths K (1975). Analysis of particles in stomach tumours from Japanese males. Environ Res 9:240-249.

Henderson, VL, Enterline, PE (1979). Asbestos exposure: Factors associated with excess cancer and respiratory disease mortality. Ann New York Acad Sci 330:117-126.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 69 September 2003

Hesterberg TW, Barrett JC (1984). Dependence of asbestos- and mineral dust-induced transformation of mammalian cells in culture on fiber dimension. Cancer Res 44:2170­ 2180.

Hesterberg TW, Barrett JC (1985). Induction by asbestos fibers of anaphase abnormalities: Mechanism for aneuploidy induction and possibly carcinogenesis.

Carcinogenesis 6:473-475.

Hesterberg TW, Butterick CJ, Osimura M, Brody AR, Barrett JC (1986). Role of phagocytosis in Syrian hamster cell transformation and cytogenetic effects induced by asbestos and short and long glass fibers. Cancer Res 46:5795-5802.

Hesterberg TW, Hart GA, Bunn WB (1993). In vitro toxicology of fibers: Mechanistic studies and possible use for screening assays. In: Fiber Toxicology. Warheit DB, ed.

Academic Press, New York, New York. pp. 139-170.

Hilding AC, Hilding DA, Larson DL, Aufderheide AC (1981). Biological effects of ingested amosite asbestos, taconite tailings, diatomaceous earth and Lake Superior water in rats. Arch Environ Health 36:298-303.

Holt PF (1974). Small animals in the study of pathological effects of asbestos. Environ Health Perspect 9:205-211.

Homa DM, Garabrant DH, Gillespie BW (1994). A meta-analysis of colorectal cancer and asbestos exposure. Am J Epidemiol 139(12):1210-1222.

Howden PJ, Faux SP (1996). Fibre-induced lipid peroxidation leads to DNA adduct formation in Salmonella typhimurium TA104 and rat lung fibroblasts. Carcinogenesis 17:413-419.

Howe HL, Wolfgang PE, Burnett WS, Nasca PC, Youngblood L (1989). Cancer incidence following exposure to drinking water with asbestos leachate. Public Health Reports 104(3):251-256.

HSDB (2000). Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Asbestos. National Library of Medicine, National Toxicology Information Program, Bethesda, Maryland.

Huang SL (1979). Amosite, chrysotile and crocidolite asbestos are mutagenic in Chinese hamster lung cells. Mutat Res 68:265-274.

Huang SL, Saggioro D, Michelmann H, Malling HV (1978). Genetic effects of crocidolite asbestos in Chinese hamster lung cells. Mutat Res 57:225-232.

Huang J, Hisanaga N, Sakai K, et al. (1988). Asbestos fibers in human pulmonary and extrapulmonary tissues. Am J Ind Med 14:331.

IARC (1973). Biological Effects of Asbestos. IARC Scientific Publications No. 8.

Bogovski P, Gilson JC, Timbrell V, Wagner JC, eds. World Health Organization (WHO), International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France.

IARC (1977). IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man: Asbestos. Vol 14. WHO, IARC, Lyon, France. 106 pp.

IARC (1980). Biological Effects of Mineral Fibres. Vol 1 and 2. IARC Scientific Publications No. 30. Wagner JC, Davis W, eds. WHO, IARC, Lyon, France.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 70 September 2003

IARC (1987). IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk to Humans. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs Vol 1 to 42. Asbestos. Suppl 7. WHO, IARC, Lyon, France. pp. 106-116 and pp. 225­ 239.

IARC (1989). Non-occupational Exposure to Mineral Fibres. IARC Scientific Publications No. 90. Bignon J, Peto J, Saracci R, eds. WHO, IARC, Lyon, France.

IARC (1996). Mechanisms of Fiber Carcinogenesis. IARC Scientific Publications No. 140. Kane AB, Boffetta P, Saracci R, Wilbourn JD, eds. WHO, IARC, Lyon, France.

IPCS (1986). Asbestos and Other Natural Mineral Fibres. Environmental Health Criteria No. 53. WHO, International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), Geneva, Switzerland.

IPCS (1998). Chrysotile Asbestos. Environmental Health Criteria No. 203. WHO, IPCS, Geneva, Switzerland.

Jacobs R, Dodgson KS, Richards RJ (1977). A preliminary study of biochemical changes in the rat small intestine following long-term ingestion of chrysotile asbestos. Br J Exp Pathol 58:541-548.

Jacobs R, Dodgson KS, Richards RJ (1977). A preliminary study of biochemical changes in the rat small intestine following long-term ingestion of chrysotile asbestos. Br J Exp Pathol 58:541-548.

Jacobs R, Humphrys J, Dodgson KS, Richards RJ (1978a). Light and electron microscope studies of the rat digestive tract following prolonged and short-term ingestion of chrysotile asbestos. Br J Exp Pathol 59:443-453.

Jacobs R, Weinzweig M, Dodgson KS, Richards RJ (1978b). Nucleic acid metabolism in the rat following short-term and prolonged ingestion of chrysotile asbestos or cigarettesmoke condensate. Br J Exp Pathol 59:594-600.

Jakobsson K, Attewell R, Hultgren B, Sjoland K (1990). Gastrointestinal cancer among cement workers. A case-referent study. Inter Arch Occup Environ Hlth 62:337-340.

Jarvholm B (1988). Asbestos associated diseases in Sweden - A general view. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 39(4):429-432.

Jaurand MC (1989). Particulate-state carcinogenesis: A survey of recent studies on the mechanisms of action of fibres. IARC Scientific Publ 90:54-73.

Jaurand MC (1991). Mechanisms of fibre genotoxicity. In: Mechanisms in Fiber Carcinogenesis. Brown RC, Hoskins JA, Johnson NF, eds. Plenum Press, New York, New York. pp. 287-307.

Jaurand MC (1996). Use of in vitro genotoxicity and cell transformation assays to evaluate the potential carcinogenicity of fibres. IARC Scientific Publications 140:55-72.

Jaurand MC (1997). Mechanisms of fibre-induced genotoxicity. Environ Health Perspect 05(Suppl 5):1073-1084.

Jaurand MC, Magne L, Bignon J (1983). Mechanism of haemolysis by chrysotile fibres.

Toxicol Lett 15(2-3):205-211.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 71 September 2003

Jaurand MC, Kheuang L, Magne L, Bignon J (1986). Chromosomal changes induced by chrysotile fibers or benzo-3,4-pyrene in rat pleural mesothelial cells. Mutat Res 169:141­ 148.

Jensen CG, Watson M (1999). Inhibition of cytokinesis by asbestos and synthetic fibres.

Cell Biol Int 23(12):829-840.

Jones J, McGuire MJ (1987). Dredging to reduce asbestos concentrations in the California aqueduct. J Am Water Works Assoc 79:30-37.

Kaczenski JH, Hallenbeck WH (1984). Migration of ingested asbestos. Environ Res 35:531-551.

Kaiglova A, Kovacikova Z, Hurbankova M (1999). Impact of acute and subchronic asbestos exposure on some parameters of antioxidant defense system and lung tissue injury. Ind Health 37(3):348-351.

Kagan E, Solomon A, Cochrane JC, Beissner EI, Gluckman J, Rocks PH, Webster I (1977a). Immunological studies of patients with asbestosis. I. Studies of cell-mediated immunity. Clin Exp Immunol 28:261-267.

Kagan E, Solomon A, Cochrane JC, Kuba P, Rocks PH, Webster I (1977b).

Immunological studies of patients with asbestosis. II. Studies of circulating lymphoid cell numbers and humoral immunity. Clin Exp Immunol 28:268-275.

Kamp DW, Graceffa P, Pryor WA, Weitzman SA (1992). The role of free radicals in asbestos-induced diseases. Free Rad Biol Med 12:293-315.

Kamp DW, Weitzman SA (1999). The molecular basis of asbestos induced lung injury.

Thorax 54(7):638-652.

Kanarek MS (1983). The San Francisco Bay epidemiology studies on asbestos in drinking water and cancer incidence: Relationship to studies in other locations and pointers for further research. Environ Health Perspect 53:105-106.

Kanarek MS (1989). Epidemiological studies on ingested mineral fibers: Gastric and other cancers. IARC Scientific Publ 90:428-437.

Kanarek MS, Conforti PM, Jackson LA, Cooper RC, Murchio JC (1980). Asbestos in drinking water and cancer incidence in the San Francisco Bay area. Am J Epidemiol 112(1):54-72.

Kanazawa K, Birbeck MSC, Carter RL, Rue FJC (1970). Migration of asbestos fibers from subcutaneous injection sites in mice. Br J Cancer 24:96-106.

Kane AB (1996). Mechanisms of mineral fiber carcinogenesis. IARC Scientific Publications 140:11-34.

Kang SK, Burnett CA, Freund E, Walker J, Lalich N, Sestito J (1997). Gastrointestinal cancer mortality of workers in occupations with high asbestos exposures. Am J Ind Med 31:713-718.

Kaplan DE (1993). Unregulated disposal of asbestos contaminated shower water effluent: A question of public health risk. J Environ Health 55(6):6-8.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 72 September 2003

Karunaharan T (1986). Malignant mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis testis in an asbestos worker. J Royal Coll Surg 31:253-254.

Kauffman SL, Stout AP (1964). Mesothelioma in children. Cancer 17:539-544.

Keal EE (1960). Asbestosis and abdominal neoplasms. Lancet ii:1211-1216.

Keane MJ, Stephens JW, Zhong BZ, Miller WE, Ong TM, Wallace WE (1999). A study of the effect of chrysotile fiber surface composition on genotoxicity in vitro. J Toxicol Environ Health Part A 57(8):529-541.

Kelsey KT, Yano E, Liber HL, Little JB (1986). The in vitro genetic effects of fibrous erionite and crocidolite asbestos. Br J Cancer 54(1):107-114.

Kenne K, Ljungquist S, Ringertz NR (1986). Effects of asbestos fibers on cell division, cell survival, and formation of thioguanine-resistant mutants in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Res 39:448-464.

Kennedy TP, Dodson R, Rao NY, Hong KY, Hopkins C, Baser M, Tolley E, Hoidal JR (1989). Dust causing pneumoconiosis generate OH and produce hemolysis by acting as Fenton catalysts. Arch Biochem Biophys 269:359-364.

Kinnula VL, Aalto K, Raivio KO, Walles S, Linnainmaa K (1994). Cytotoxicity of oxidants and asbestos fibers in cultured human mesothelial cells. Free Rad Biol Med 16:169-176.

Kociok N, Unfried K, Roller M, Dehnen W (1999). DNA fingerprint analysis reveals differences in mutational patterns in experimentally induced rat peritoneal tumors, depending on the type of environmental mutagen. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 111(1):71-76.

Kodama Y, Boreiko CJ, Maness SC, Hesterberg TW (1993). Cytotoxic and cytogenetic effects of asbestos on human bronchial epithelial cells in culture. Carcinogenesis 14:691­ 697.

Korkina LG, Durnev AD, Suslova TB, Cheremisina ZP, Daugel-Dauge NO, Afanasev IB (1992). Oxygen radical-mediated mutagenic effect of asbestos on human lymphocytes suppression by oxygen radical scavengers. Mutat Res 265:245-253.

Kobayashi H, Ming, ZW, Watanabe H, Ohnishi Y (1987). A quantitative study on the distribution of asbestos bodies in extrapulmonary organs. Acta Pathol Jpn 37(3):375­ 383.

Koerten HK, de Bruijn JD, Daems WTh (1990a). The formation of asbestos bodies by mouse peritoneal macrophages: An in vitro study. Am J Pathol 137:121-134.

Koerten HK, Hazekamp J, Kroon M, Daems WTh (1990b). Asbestos body formation and iron accumulation in mouse peritoneal granulomas after the introduction of crocidolite asbestos fibers. Am J Pathol 136(1):141-157.

Krajnow A, Lao I, Stetkiewicz J, Wiecek E (1998). The evaluation of carcinogenic effect in rats and mice after intraperitoneal administration of refractory ceramic fibers. Med Pr 49(4):381-392.

Landrigan PJ, Nicholson WJ, Suzuki Y, Ladou J (1999). The hazards of chrysotile asbestos: A critical review. Ind Health 37(3):271-280.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 73 September 2003

Lange A, Smolik R, Zatonki W, Szymanska J (1974). Autoantibody and serum immunoglobulin levels in asbestos workers. Int Arch Arbeitsmed 32:313-325.

Langer AM (1974). Inorganic particles in human tissues and their association with neoplastic disease. Environ Health Perspect 9:229-233.

Lavappa KS, Fu MM, Epstein SS (1975). Cytogenetic studies on chrysotile asbestos.

Environ Res 10:165-173.

Lechner JF, Tokiwa T, LaVeck M, benedict WF, Banks-Schlegel S, Yeager H, Jr, Banerjee A, Harris CC (1985). Asbestos-associated chromosomal changes in human mesothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:3884-3888.

Lee DH (1974). Biological effects of ingested asbestos: Report and commentary.

Environ Health Perspect 9:113-122.

Lee SH, Shin M, Lee KJ, Lee SY, Lee JT, Lee YH (1999). Frequency of sister chromatid exchange in chrysotile-exposed workers. Toxicol Lett 108(2-3):315-319.

Levine DS (1985). Does asbestos exposure cause gastrointestinal cancer? Dig Disease Sci 30:1189-1198.

Levy BS, Sigurdson E, Mandel J, Laudon E, Pearson J (1976). Investigation of possible effects of asbestos in city water: Surveillance of gastrointestinal cancer incidence in Duluth, Minnesota. Am J Epidemiol 103:362-368.

Libbus BL, Illenye SA, Craighead JE (1989). Induction of DNA strand breaks in cultured rat embryo cells by crocidolite asbestos as assessed by nick translation. Cancer Res 49:5713-5718.

Liddell FDK, Hanley JA (1985). Relations between asbestos exposure and lung cancer SMRs in occupational cohort studies. Br J Ind Med 42:389-396.

Liddell FDK, McDonald AD, McDonald JC (1997). The 1891-1920 birth cohort of Quebec chrysotile miners and millers: Development from 1904 and mortality to 1992.

Ann Occup Hyg 41(1):13-36.

Lieben J, Pistawka H (1967). Mesothelioma and asbestos exposure. Arch Environ Health 14:559-563.

Light WG, Wei ET (1977a). Surface charge and hemolytic activity of asbestos. Environ Res 13:135-145.

Light WG, Wei ET (1977b). Surface charge and asbestos toxicity. Nature 265:537-539.

Lin-Chu M, Lee Y, Ho MY (1989). Malignant mesothelioma in infancy. Arch Pathol Lab Med 113:409-411.

Livingston GK, Rom WN, Morris MV (1980). Asbestos-induced sister chromatid exchanges in cultured Chinese hamster ovarian fibroblast cells. J Environ Pathol Toxicol 4:373-382.

Lohani M, Dopp E, Weiss DG, Schiffmann D, Rahman Q (2000). Kerosene soot genotoxicity: Enhanced effect upon co-exposure with chrysotile asbestos in Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts. Toxicol Lett 114(1-3):111-116.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 74 September 2003

Lu J, Keane MJ, Ong TM, Wallace WE (1994). In vitro genotoxicity of chrysotile asbestos fibers dispersed in simulated pulmonary surfactant. Mutat Res 320:253-259.

Lu YP, Lasne C, Lowry R, Chouroulinkov I (1988). Use of the orthogonal design method to study the synergistic effects of asbestos fibers and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol13-acetate (TPA) in the BALB/3T3 cell transformation system. Mutagenesis 3:355-362.

Luster MI, Rosenthal GJ (1993). Chemical agents and immuno response. Environ Health Perspect 100:219-236.

Luster MI, Simeonova PP (1998). Asbestos induces inflammatory cytokines in the lung through redox sensitive transcription factors. Toxicol Lett 102-103:271-275.

Lynch JR, Ayer HE, Johnson DL (1970). The interrelationship of selected asbestos exposure indices. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 31:598-604.

Lynch KM, Smith WA (1935). Carcinoma of the lung in asbestos-silicosis. Am J Cancer 24:56-61.

Ma Z, Otsuki T, Tomokuni A, Aikoh T, Matsuki T, Sakaguchi H, Isozaki Y, Hyodoh F, Uehira K, Ueki A (1999). Man-made mineral fibers induce apoptosis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells similarly to chrysotile B. Int J Mol Med 4(6):633­ 637.

MacDonald JL, Kane AB (1993). Regulation of mesothelial cell proliferation by the extracellular matrix in vivo. Eur Respir Rev 3:123-125.

MacLure M (1987). Asbestos and renal adenocarcinoma: A case-control study. Environ Res 42(2):353-361.

MacRae KD (1988). Asbestos in drinking water and cancer. J Royal Coll Physicians London 22(1):7-10.

Mandel J, McLaughlin J, Schlehofer B, et al. (1995) International renal-cell cancer study. IV. Occupation. Int J Cancer 61:601-605.

Marczynski B, Kraus T, Rozynek P, Raithel HJ, Baur X (2000a). Association between 8­ hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine levels in DNA of workers highly exposed to asbestos and their clinical data, occupational and non-occupational confounding factors, and cancer.

Mutat Res 468(2):203-212.

Marczynski B, Rozynek P, Kraus T, Schlosser S, Raithel HJ, Baur X (2000b). Levels of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine in DNA of white blood cells from workers highly exposed to asbestos in Germany. Mutat Res 468(2):195-202.

Marsh GM (1983). Critical review of epidemiologic studies related to ingested asbestos.

Environ Health Perspect 53:49-56.

Masse R, Sebastien G, Monchaux G, Bignon J (1980). Experimental demonstration of the penetration of asbestos fibers into the gastrointestinal tract. IARC Scientific Publ 30:321-328.

Mason TJ, McKay FW, Miller RW (1974). Asbestos-like fibers in Duluth water supply:
relation to cancer mortality. J Am Med Assoc 228:1019-1020.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 75 September 2003

Mattioli S, Truffelli D, Baldasseroni A, Risi A, Marchesini B, et al. (2002).

Occupational risk factors for renal cell cancer: a case and control study in Northern Italy.

J Occup and Environ Med 44(11):1-18.

McConnell EE, Rutter HA, Ulland BM, Moore JA (1983a). Chronic effects of dietary exposure to amosite and tremolite asbestos in F344 rats. Environ Health Perspect 53:27­

44. McConnell EE, Shefner AM, Rust JH, Moore JA (1983b). Chronic effects of dietary exposure to amosite and chrysotile asbestos in Syrian golden hamsters. Environ Health Perspect 53:11-25.

McCullagh SF (1980). Is there a risk to health in using asbestos-cement pipes for the carriage of drinking water? Ann Occup Hyg 23(2):189-193.

McDonald JC (1998). Mineral fibre persistence and carcinogenicity. Ind Health 36(4):372-375.

McDonald JC, McDonald AD, Gibbs GW, Siemiatycki J, Rossiter CE (1971). Mortality in the chrysotile asbestos mines and mills of Quebec. Arch Environ Health 22:677-624.

McDonald JC, Liddell FD, Gibbs GW, Eyssen GE, McDonald AD (1980). Dust exposure and mortality in chrysotile mining, 1910-1975. Br J Ind Med 37:11-24.

McLaughlin J, Blot WJ, et al. (1996). In: Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention.

Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JF (eds.). Oxford University Press, New York.

McLure M, Poole C (1990). Asbestos and kidney cancer: The evidence supports a causal association. Am J Ind Med 17 647-648.

Meek ME (1983). Transmigration of ingested asbestos. Environ Health Perspect 53:149­ 152.

Meigs JW (1983). Assessment of studies on cancer risks from asbestos in Connecticut drinking water. Environ Health Perspect 53:107-108.

Meigs JW, Walter, S, Heston, J, Millette, JR, Craun, GF, Woodhull, RS, Flannery, JT (1980). Asbestos-cement pipe and cancer in Connecticut, 1955-1974. J Environ Res 42:187-191.

Mikalsen SO, Rivedal E, Scanner T (1988). Morphological transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells induced by mineral fibres and the alleged enhancement of benzo(a) pyrene. Carcinogenesis 9:891-899.

Miller BG, Searl A, Davis JM, Donaldson K, Cullen RT, Bolton RE, Buchanan D, Soutar CA (1999). Influence of fibre length, dissolution and biopersistence on the production of mesothelioma in the rat peritoneal cavity. Ann Occup Hyg 43(3):155-166.

Millette JR (1983). Asbestos in water supplies of the United States, Summary Workshop on Ingested Asbestos. Environ Health Perspect 53:45-48.

Millette JR, Boone RL, Rosenthal MT, McCabe LJ (1981). The need to control asbestos fibers in potable water supply systems. Sci Total Environ 18:91-102.

Millette JR, Craun GF, Stober JA, Kraemer DF, Tousignant HG, Hildago E, Duboise RL, Benedict J (1983). Epidemiology study of the use of asbestos-cement pipe for the ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 76 September 2003

distribution of drinking water in Escambia County, Florida. Environ Health Perspect 53:91-98.

Moalli PA, MacDonald JL, Goodlick LA, Kane AB (1987). Acute injury and regeneration of the mesothelium in response to asbestos fibers. Am J Pathol 128:426-445.

Mongan LC, Jones T, Patrick G (2000). Cytokine and free radical responses of alveolar macrophages in vitro to asbestos fibres. Cytokine 12(8):1243-1247.

Morgan A, Evans JC, Evans RJ, Hounam RF, Holmes A, Doyle SG (1975). Studies on the deposition of inhaled fibrous material in the respiratory tract of the rat and its subsequent clearance using radioactive tracer techniques. II. Deposition of the UICC standard reference samples of asbestos. Environ Res 10:196-207.

Morgan RW, Foliart DE, Wong Q (1985). Asbestos and gastrointestinal cancer: A review of the literature. Western J Med 143:60-65.

Mossman BT, Marsh JP (1989). Evidence supporting a role for active oxygen species in asbestos-induced toxicity and lung disease. Environ Health Perspect 81:91-94.

NAS (1977). Drinking Water and Health. National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences (NAS). National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 144-168.

NAS (1983). Drinking Water and Health, Vol 5. National Research Council (NRC), NAS. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 123-147.

NAS (1984). Asbestiform Fibers: Nonoccupational Health Risks. Committee on Nonoccupational Health Risks of Asbestiform Fibers, Board on Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards, Commission on Life Sciences, NRC, NAS. U.S. EPA Contract No. 68-01-4655. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.

Nelson HH, Christiani DC, Wiencke JK, Mark EJ, Wain JC, Kelsey KT (1999). K-ras mutation and occupational asbestos exposure in lung adenocarcinoma: Asbestos-related cancer without asbestosis. Cancer Res 59(18):4570-4573.

Ness RB, Cottreau C (1999). Possible role of ovarian epithelial inflammation in ovarian cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 91(17):1459-1467.

Neuberger M, Kundi M, Friedl HP (1984). Environmental asbestos exposure and cancer mortality. Arch Environ Health 39:261-265.

Neuberger M, Frank W, Golob P, Warbichler P (1996). Asbestos concentration in drinking water: Asbestos cement pipes and geogenic sources in Austria. Zbl Hyg Umweltmed 198(4):293-306.

Neugut AI, Murray TI, Garbowski GC, Treat MR, Forde KA, Waye JD, Fenoglio-Preiser C (1991). Association of asbestos exposure with colorectal adenomatous polyps and cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 83(24):1827-1828.

Newhouse ML, Berry G (1976). Predictions of mortality from mesothelial tumours in asbestos factory workers. Br J Ind Med 33:147-151.

Newhouse ML, Berry G (1979). Patterns of mortality in asbestos factory workers in London. Ann New York Acad Sci 330:53-60.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 77 September 2003

Newhouse ML, Wagner JC (1969). Validation of death certificates in asbestos workers.

Br J Ind Med 26:302-307.

Nicholson WJ (1974). Analysis of amphibole asbestiform fibres in municipal water supplies. Environ Health Perspect 9:165-172.

Nicholson WJ (1983). Human cancer risk from ingested asbestos: A problem of uncertainty. Environ Health Perspect 53:111-113.

Nicholson WJ, Perkel G, Selikoff IJ (1982). Occupational exposure to asbestos:

Populations at risk and projected mortality --1980-2030. Am J Ind Med 3:259-311.

Nicholson WJ, Pundsack FL (1973). Asbestos in the environment. IARC Scientific Publ 8:126-130.

NIOSH (1994). Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio.

NIOSH (1997). Asbestos Bibliography (Revised). NIOSH Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio. 217 pp.

NTP (1983). Lifetime carcinogenesis studies of amosite asbestos (CAS No. 121-72-73­ 5) in Syrian golden hamsters (feed studies). Tech report series No. 249. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. NIH Publ No 84-2505.

National Toxicology Program (NTP), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

NTP (1985). Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of chrysotile asbestos (CAS No. 12001-29-5) in F344/N rats (feed studies ). Tech report series No. 295. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. NIH Publ No. 86-2551.

NTP, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

NTP (1988). Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of crocidolite asbestos (CAS No. 12001-28-4) in F344/N rats (feed studies). Tech report series No. 280. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. NIH Publ No. 88-2536.

NTP, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

NTP (1990a). Lifetime carcinogenesis studies of chrysotile asbestos (CAS No. 12001­ 29-5) in Syrian golden hamsters (feed studies). Tech report series No. 246. U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. NIH Publ No. 90-2502. NTP, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

NTP (1990b). Toxicology and carcinogenesis series of amosite asbestos in F344/N rats.

Tech report series No. 279. Report to National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, by Technical Resources, Inc., Rockville, Maryland. NTP 91-2535. NTP, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

NTP (1990c). Technical Report on the toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of tremolite (CAS No. 14567-73-8) in Fischer 344 rats (feed studies). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. NIH Publ No. 90-2531. NTP, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

NTP (2000). Asbestos. CAS No. 1332-21-4. First Listed in the First Annual Report on Carcinogens. In: Ninth Report on Carcinogens. U.S. Department of Health and Human ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 78 September 2003

Services, National Institutes of Health. NTP, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. 5 pp.

OSHA (1994). OSHA Preambles, Asbestos [1994-Amended Standard]. Occupational Exposure to Asbestos. III. Summary and Explanation of Revised Standards.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, D.C. 87 pp.

Oettinger R, Drumm K, Knorst M, Krinyak P, Smolarski R, Kienast K (1999).

Production of reactive oxygen intermediates by human macrophages exposed to soot particles and asbestos fibers and increase in NF-kappaB p50/p105 mRNA. Lung 177(6):343-354.

Ogino S, Fukumori N, Yasuno T, Koseki M, Sasaki M, Kazama M (1987). Biological effects of ingested asbestos fibers. (2). Migration to blood and some organs in rats. Ann Rep Tokyo Metr Res Lab Pub Health 38:235-238.

Ogino S, Fukumori N, Yasuno T, Koseki M, Kazama M (1988). Asbestos fibers in sake.

J Food Protection 51(9):737-739.

Okayasu R, Takahashi S, Yamada S, Hei TK, Ullrich RL (1999a). Asbestos and DNA double strand breaks. Cancer Res 59(2):298-300.

Okayasu R, Wu L, Hei TK (1999b). Biological effects of naturally occurring and manmade fibres: In vitro cytotoxicity and mutagenesis in mammalian cells. Br J Cancer 79(9­ 10):1319-1324.

Oliver T, Murr LE (1977). An electron microscope study of asbestiform fibre concentrations in Rio Grande Valley water supplies. J Am Water Works Assoc 69:428­ 431.

Ollikainen T, Linnainmaa K, Kinnula VL (1999). DNA single strand breaks induced by asbestos fibers in human pleural mesothelial cells in vitro. Environ Mol Mutagen 33(2):153-160.

Oshimura M, Barrett JC (1986). Chemically induced aneuploidy in mammalian cells:
mechanisms and biological significance in cancer. Environ Mutagenesis 8:129-159.

Oshimura M, Hesterberg TW, Tsutsui T, Barrett JC (1984). Correlation of asbestosinduced cytogenetic effects with cell transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells in culture. Cancer Res 44:5017-5022.

Oshimura M, Hesterberg TW, Barrett JC (1986). An early, nonrandom karyotypic change in immortal Syrian hamster cell lines transformed by asbestos: Trisomy of chromosome 11. Cancer Gen Cytogen 22:225-237.

Osgood CJ, Sterling D (1991). Chrysotile and amosite asbestos induce germline aneuploidy in Drosophila. Mutat Res 261:9-13.

Osgood CJ (1994). Refractory ceramic fibers (RCFs) induce germline aneuploidy in Drosophila oocytes. Mutat Res 324:23-27.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 79 September 2003

Palekar LD, Eyre JF, Most BM, Coffin DL (1987). Metaphase and anaphase analysis of V79 cells exposed to erionite, UICC chrysotile and UICC crocidolite. Carcinogenesis 8:553-560.

Parent ME, Siemiatycki J, Fritschi L (2000). Workplace exposures and oesophageal cancer. Occup Environ Med 57(5):325-334.

Patel-Mandlik KJ, Millette JR (1980). Evidence of migration of ingested asbestos into various baboon organs. Scanning Electron Microsc 1:347-354.

Patel-Mandlik KJ, Millette JR (1983). Chrysotile asbestos in kidney cortex of chronically gavaged rats. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 12:247-255.

Pelin K, Hirvonen A, Taavitsainen M, Linanainmaa K (1995a). Cytogenetic response to asbestos fibers in cultured human primary mesothelial cells from 10 different donors.

Mutat Res 334:225-233.

Pelin K, Kivipensas P, Linanainmaa K (1995b). Effects of asbestos and man-made vitreous fibers on cell division in cultured human mesothelial cells in comparison to rodent cells. Environ Mol Mutag 25:118-125.

Perkins RC, Broaddus VC, Shetty S, Hamilton S, Idell S (1999). Asbestos upregulates expression of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor on mesothelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 21(5):637-646.

Pernis B, Vigliani EC, Selikoff IJ (1965). Rheumatoid factor in serum of individuals exposed to asbestos workers. Ann New York Acad Sci 132:112-117.

Peto J (1980). The incidence of pleural mesothelioma in chrysotile asbestos textile workers. IARC Scientific Publ 30:703-711.

Peto J (1992). Meta-analysis of epidemiological studies of carcinogenesis. IARC Scientific Publications 116:571-577.

Peto J, Seidman H, Selikoff IJ (1982). Mesothelioma mortality in asbestos workers:

Implications for models of carcinogenesis and risk assessment. Br J Cancer 45:124-135.

Plas E, Riedl CR, Pfluger H (1998). Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis: Review of the literature and assessment of prognostic parameters. Cancer 83(12):2437-2446.

Polissar L (1980). The effect of migration on comparison of disease rates in geographic studies in the United States. Am J Epidemiol 111:175-82.

Polissar L, Severson RK, Boatman ES, Thomas DB (1982). Cancer incidence in relation to asbestos in drinking water in the Puget Sound region. Am J Epidemiol 116(2):314-328.

Polissar L, Severson RK, Boatman ES (1983a). Cancer risk from asbestos in drinking water: Summary of a case-control study in western Washington. Environ Health Perspect 53:57-60.

Polissar L, Severson RK, Boatman ES (1983b). Additional notes on the case-control study in western Washington on the cancer risk from asbestos in drinking water. Environ Health Perspect 53:189-190.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 80 September 2003

Polissar L, Severson RK, Boatman ES (1984). A case-control study of asbestos in drinking water and cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol 119(3):456-471.

Pollice L, Molinini R, Paoletti L, et al. (1997). Asbestos fiber count in extra-pulmonary tissues. G Ital Med Lav Erg 19:39-41.

Pontefract RD, Cunningham HM (1973). Penetration of asbestos through the digestive tract in rats. Nature 243:352-353.

Poole A, Brown RC, Turver CJ, Skidmore JW, Griffiths DM (1983). In vitro genotoxic activities of fibrous erionite. Br J Cancer 47:697-705.

Pooley F (1974). Locating fibers in the bowel wall. Environ Health Perspect 9:253.

Pott F, Dolgner R, Friedrichs KH, Huth F (1976). The oncogenic effect of fibrous dust.

Animal experiments and their relationship with human carcinogenesis. Ann Anat Pathol 21(2):237-246.

Prescott S, Taylor RE, Sclare G, Busuttil A (1988). Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis: A case report. J Urol 140:623-624.

Price-Jones MJ, Gubbings G, Chamberlain M (1980). The genetic effects of crocidolite asbestos, comparison of chromosome abnormalities and sister chromatid exchanges.

Mutat Res 79:331-336.

Raffn E, Korsgaard B (1987). Asbestos exposure and carcinoma of penis. Lancet 2:1394.

Raffn E, Villadsen E, Lynge E (1996). Colorectal cancers in asbestos cement workers in Denmark. Am J Ind Med 30:267-272.

Reals WJ, Russum BC, Egan WJ (1950). Mesothelioma of the pleura in a child. Am J Dis Child 80:85-90.

Reeves AL, Puro HE, Smith RG, Vorwald (1971). Experimental asbestos carcinogenesis.

Environ Res 4:496-511.

Reeves AL, Puro HE, Smith RG (1974). Inhalation carcinogenesis from various forms of asbestos. Environ Res 8:178-202.

Reiss B, Solomon S, Weisburger JH, Williams GM (1980). Comparative toxicities of different forms of asbestos in a cell culture assay. Environ Res 22:109-129.

Reiss B, Solomon S, Tong C, Levenstein M, Rosenberg SH, Williams GM (1982).

Absence of mutagenic activity of three forms of asbestos in liver epithelial cells. Environ Res 27:389-397.

Reiss B, Tong C, Weisburger JH, Williams GM (1983). Enhancement of benzo(a)pyrene mutagenicity by chrysotile asbestos in rat liver epithelial cells. Environ Res 31:100-104.

Renier A, Levy F, Pilliere F, Jaurand MC (1990). Unscheduled DNA synthesis in rat pleural mesothelial cells treated with mineral fibres or benzo(a)pyrene. Mutat Res 241:361-367.

Rieder CL, Sluder G, Brinkley BR (1991). Some possible routes for asbestos-induced aneuploidy during mitosis in vertebrate cells. In: Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Fiber Carcinogenesis. Harris CC, Lechner JF, Brinkley BR, eds. Current ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 81 September 2003

Communications in Cell and Molecular Biology series, Vol 2. Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York. pp. 1-26.

Rita R, Reddy PP (1986). Effects of chrysotile asbestos fibers on germ cells of mice.

Environ Res 41:139-143.

Roe FJC, Carter RL, Walters MA, Harrington JA (1967). The pathological effects of subcutaneous injections of asbestos fibers: Migration of fibers to submesothelial tissues and induction of mesotheliomata. Int J Cancer 2:628-638.

Rosenthal GJ, Corsin E, Simeonova P (1998). Selected new developments in asbestos immunotoxicity. Environ Health Perspect 106(Suppl 1):159-169.

Rosenthal GJ, Simeonova P, Corsin E (1999). Asbestos toxicity: An immunologic perspective. Rev Environ Health 14(1):11-20.

Rowe JN (1983). Relative source contributions of diet and air to ingested asbestos exposure. Environ Hlth Perspect 53:115-120.

Sadler TD, Rom WN, Lyon JL, Mason JO (1984). The use of asbestos-cement pipe for public water supply and the incidence of cancer in selected communities in Utah. J Commun Health 9:285-293.

Sali D, Boffetta P (2000). Kidney cancer and occupational exposure to asbestos: A metaanalysis of occupational cohort studies. Cancer Causes Control 11(1):37-47.

Sandhu H, Dehnen W, Roller M, Abel J, Unfried K (2000). mRNA expression patterns in different stages of asbestos-induced carcinogenesis in rats. Carcinogenesis 21(5):1023­ 1029.

Schneider U, Maurer RR (1977). Asbestos and embryonic development. Teratol 15:273­ 280.

Schneiderman, MA (1974). Digestive system cancer among persons subjected to occupational inhalation of asbestos particles: A literature review with emphasis on dose response. Environ Health Perspect 9:307-311.

Schreier H (1987). Asbestos fibers introduce trace metals into streamwater and sediments. Environ Poll 43:229-242.

Schreier H (1989). Asbestos in the Natural Environment. Studies in Environmental Sciences, Vol 37. Elsevier Science Publishers, New York, New York. 159 pp.

Sebastien P, Billon MA, Dufour G, Gaudichet A, Bonnaud G, Bignon J (1979). Levels of asbestos air pollution in some environmental situations. Ann New York Acad Sci 330:401-415.

Sebastien P, Masse R, Bignon J (1980). Recovery of ingested asbestos fibers from the gastrointestinal lymph in rats. Environ Res 22:201-216.

Seidman H, Selikoff IJ, Hammond EC (1979). Short-term asbestos work exposure and long-term observation. Ann New York Acad Sci 330:61-89.

Seidman H (1984). Short-term asbestos work exposure and long-term observation. In:

Docket of current rulemaking for revision of the asbestos (dust) standard. Docket No.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 82 September 2003

H033C, Exhibit Nos. 261-A and 261-B. U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Washington, D.C.

Selikoff IJ, Churg J, Hammond EC (1964). Asbestos exposure and neoplasia. J Am Med Assoc 188:22-26.

Selikoff IJ, Hammond EC, Seidman H (1979). Mortality experience of insulation workers in the United States and Canada. Ann New York Acad Sci 330:91-116.

Serio G, Ceppi M, Fonte A, Martinazzi M (1992). Malignant mesothelioma of the testicular tunica vaginalis. Eur Urol 21:174-176.

Sheshan K (1983). How are the physical and chemical properties of chrysotile asbestos altered by a 10-year residence in water and up to 5 days in simulated stomach acid? Environ Health Perspect 53:143-148.

Shin ML, Firminger HI (1973). Acute and chronic effects of intraperitoneal injection of two types of asbestos in rats with a study of the histopathogenesis and ultrastructure of resulting mesotheliomas. Am J Pathol 70:291-314.

Siberstein MJ, Lewis JE, Blair JD, Graviss ER, Brodeur AE (1983). Congenital peritoneal mesothelioma. J Pediatr Surg 18(3):243-246.

Sigurdson EE, Levy BS, Mandel J, McHugh R, Michienzi LJ, Jagger H, Pearson J (1981). Cancer morbidity investigations: Lessons from the Duluth study of possible effects of asbestos in drinking water. Environ Res 25(1):50-61.

Sigurdson EE (1983). Observations of cancer incidence surveillance in Duluth, Minnesota. Environ Health Perspect 53:61-67.

Sincock AM, Seabright M (1975). Induction of chromosome changes in Chinese hamster cells by exposure to asbestos fibers. Nature 257:56-58.

Sincock AM, Delhanty JDA, Casey G (1982). A comparison of the cytogenetic response to asbestos and glass fibre in Chinese hamster and human cell lines - Demonstration of growth inhibition in primary human fibroblasts. Mutat Res 101:257-268.

Skinner HCW, Ross M, Frondel C, eds. (1988). Asbestos and Other Fibrous Materials.

Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Smith WE, Miller L, Elsasser RE, Hubert DD (1965). Test for carcinogenicity of asbestos. Ann New York Acad Sci 132:456-488.

Smith WE, Hubert DD, Sobel HJ, Peters ET, Doerfler TE (1980). Health of experimental animals drinking water with and without amosite asbestos and other mineral particles. J Environ Pathol Toxicol 3(5-6):277-300.

Smith AH, Shearn VI, Wood R (1989). Asbestos and kidney cancer: the evidence supports a causal association. Am J Ind Med 16:159-166.

Speil S (1974). Chrysotile in water. Environ Health Perspect 9:161-163.

Sprince NL, Oliver LC, McLoud TC, Eisen EA, Christiani DC, Ginns LC (1991).

Asbestos exposure and asbestos-related pleural and parenchymal disease. Association with immune imbalance. Am Rev Resp Diseases 143:822-828.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 83 September 2003

Sprince NL, Oliver LC, McLoud TC, Ginns LC (1992). T-cell alveolitis in lung lavage of asbestos-exposed subjects. Am J Ind Med 21(3):311-319.

SRI (1982). Chemical Economics Handbook: Asbestos-salient Statistics. SRI International, Menlo Park, California.

Stanton MF, Layard M, Tegeris A (1977). Carcinogenesis of fibrous glass: Pleural response in the rat in relation to the fiber dimension. J Natl Cancer Inst 58:587-604.

Stanton MF, Wrench C (1972). Mechanisms of mesothelioma induction with asbestos and fibrous glass. J Natl Cancer Inst 48:797-821.

Stein N, Henker D (1986). Mesothelioma of the testicle in a child. J Urol 135:794.

Stell PM, McGill T (1973). Asbestos and laryngeal carcinoma. Lancet ii:416-417.

Storeygard AR, Brown AL Jr (1977). Penetration of the small intestinal mucosa by asbestos fibers. Mayo Clin Proc 52:809-812.

Suzuki Y, Kohyama N (1991). Translocation of inhaled asbestos fibers from the lung to other tissues. Am J Ind Med 19:701-704.

Takahashi K, Pan GW, Kasai H, Hanaoka T, Feng YP, Liu N, Zhang SJ, Xu ZY, Tsuda T, Yamato H, Higashi T, Okubo T (1997). Relationship between asbestos exposures and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in leukocytic DNA of workers at a Chinese asbestosmaterial plant. Int J Occup Environ Health 3(2):111-119.

Takeuchi T, Morimoto K (1994). Crocidolite asbestos increased 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in cellular DNA of a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL60. Carcinogenesis 15(4):635-639.

Tanaka S, Choe N, Iwagaki A, Hemenway DR, Kagan E (2000). Asbestos exposure induces MCP-1 secretion by pleural mesothelial cells. Exp Lung Res 26(4):241-255.

Tarter ME, Cooper RC, Freeman WR (1983). A graphical analysis of the interrelationships among waterborne asbestos, digestive system cancer and population density. Environ Health Perspect 53:79-89.

Toft P, Wigle DT, Meranger JC, Mao Y (1981). Asbestos and drinking water in Canada.

Sci Total Environ 18:77-89.

Toft P, Meek ME (1983). Asbestos in drinking water: A Canadian view. Environ Health Perspect 53:177-180.

Toft P, Meek ME, Wigle DT, Meranger JC (1984). Asbestos in drinking water. CRC Crit Rev Environ Control 14:151-197.

Topping DC, Nettesheim P (1980). Two-stage carcinogenesis studies with asbestos in Fischer 344 rats. J Natl Cancer Inst 65:627-630.

TRI92 (1994). Toxic Chemical Release Inventory (TRI), 1992. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. National Library of Medicine, National Toxicology Information Program, Bethesda, Maryland.

Truhaut R, Chouroulinkov I (1989). Effect of long-term ingestion of asbestos fibers in rats. IARC Scientific Publications 90:127-133.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 84 September 2003

Tsang PH, Chu FN, Fischbein A, Bekesi G (1988). Impairments in functional subsets of T suppressor (CD8) lymphocytes, monocytes, and natural killer cells among asbestos exposed workers. Clin Immunol Immunopath 47:323-332.

Tsuda A, Stringer BK, Mijailovich SM, Rogers RA, Hamada K, Gray ML (1999).

Alveolar cell stretching in the presence of fibrous particles induces interleukin-8 responses. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 21(4):455-462.

Turver CJ, Brown RC (1987). The role of catalytic iron in asbestos induced lipid peroxidation and DNA strand breakage in C3H10T1/2 cells. Br J Cancer 56:133-136.

Tyagi G (1989). Malignant mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis testis. Urology 36:102-104.

Ueki A, Oka T, Mochizuki Y (1984). Proliferation stimulating effects of chrysotile and crocidolite asbestos fibers on B lymphocyte cell lines. Clin Exp Immunol 56:425-430.

U.S. Bureau of Mines (1992). Mineral commodity summaries. Asbestos, 28-29.

U.S. Bureau of Mines (1994). Mineral commodity summaries. Asbestos, 26-27.

U.S. EPA (1976). Asbestos Fibers in Natural Runoff and Discharges from Sources Manufacturing Asbestos Products. Part II. Non-point Sources and Point Sources Manufacturing Asbestos Products. EPA-560/6-76-020. NTIS No. PB-263746. U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

U.S. EPA (1979). Ambient Water Quality Criteria. NITS Publ. No. PB-297-917.

Criteria and Standards Division, Office of Water Planning and Standards, U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 149 pp.

U.S. EPA (1980). Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Asbestos. EPA 440/5-80-022.

Office of Water Regulations and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

U.S. EPA (1985a). Drinking Water Criteria Document for Asbestos. EPA 600/X-84­ 199-1. Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio.

U.S. EPA (1985b). Notification Requirements; Reportable Quantity Adjustments. U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Parts 117 and 302. Fed Reg 50:13456-13522.

U.S. EPA (1985c). National Primary Drinking Water Regulations; Synthetic Organic Chemicals, Inorganic Chemicals and Microorganisms. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Part 141. Fed Reg 50 (219):46936-47022. November 13.

U.S. EPA (1986). Airborne Asbestos Health Assessment Update. EPA/600/8-84/003F.

Office of Health and Environment Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

U.S. EPA (1988a). Asbestos Exposure Assessment. Revised Report. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

U.S.EPA (1988b). Drinking water criteria document for asbestos. Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 85 September 2003

U.S. EPA (1988c). Recommendations for and documentation of biological values for use in risk assessment. U.S. EPA PB88-179874. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Washington, DC.

U.S. EPA (1989). Asbestos; Manufacture, Importation, Processing, and Distribution in Commerce Prohibitions. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR, Part 763, Subpart I. Fed Reg 54:29460-29513. July 12.

U.S. EPA (1990). National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP): Asbestos NESHAP Revision. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Part 61. Fed Reg 55:48406-48433. November 20.

U.S. EPA (1991a). National Primary Drinking Water Regulations – Synthetic Organic Chemicals and Inorganic Chemicals; Monitoring for Unregulated Contaminants; National Primary Drinking Water Regulations Implementation; National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations. PART I and II. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Parts 141, 142, and 143. Fed Reg 56:3526-3528, 3536, 3548, 3565. January 30.

U.S. EPA (1991b). Asbestos in Buildings; Establishment of Administrative Record. U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency. Fed Reg 56:11421-11422, March 18.

U.S. EPA (1991c). General quantitative risk assessment guidelines for noncancer health effects. Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH. ECAD-CIN-538.

U.S. EPA (1992a). Asbestos; Manufacture, Importation, Processing and Distribution Prohibitions; Effect of Court Decision. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Part 763. Fed Reg 57:11364-11365, April 2.

U.S. EPA (1992b). Initial List of Categories of Sources under Section 112(c)(1) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Part IV. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Fed Reg 57:31576-31592. July 16.

U.S. EPA (1994). Drinking water regulations and health advisories. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

U.S. EPA (2000). Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS): Asbestos.

Carcinogenicity assessment last revised 7/1/1993. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

U.S. EPA (2002). A review of the reference dose and reference concentration processes.

Risk Assessment Forum, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA/630/P-02/002A.

Valerio F, DeFerrari M, Ottagio L, Repetto E, Santi L (1980). Cytogenetic effects of Rhodesian chrysotile on human lymphocytes in vitro. IARC Scientific Publ 1:485-489.

Valerio F, DeFerrari M, Ottagio L, Repetto E, Santi L (1983). Chromosomal aberrations induced by chrysotile and crocidolite in human lymphocytes in vitro. Mutat Res 122:397­ 402.

Valic F, Beritic-Stahuljak D (1993). Is chrysotile asbestos exposure a significant health risk to the general population? Central Eur J Public Health 1(1):26-30.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 86 September 2003

Vallyathan V, Mega JF, Shi X, Dalal NS (1992). Enhanced generation of free radicals from phagocytes induced by mineral dusts. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 6:404-413.

Van Poppel H, Nilsson S, Algaba F, Bergerheim U, et al. (2000). Precancerous lesions in the kidney. Scan J Urol Nephrol Suppl 205:136-165.

Varga C, Pocsai Z, Horvath G, Timbrell V (1996a). Studies on genotoxicity of orally administered crocidolite asbestos in rats: Implications for ingested asbestos induced carcinogenesis. Anticancer Res 16:811-814.

Varga C, Horvath G, Timbrell V (1996b). In vivo studies on genotoxicity and cogenotoxicity of ingested UICC anthophyllite asbestos. Cancer Lett 105:181-185.

Varga C, Horvath G, Pocsai Z, Timbrell V (1998). On the mechanism of cogenotoxic action between ingested amphibole asbestos fibres and benzo(a)pyrene. I. Urinary and serum mutagenicity studies with rats. Cancer Lett 128(2):165-169.

Varga C, Horvath G, Timbrell V (1999). On the mechanism of cogenotoxic action between ingested amphibole asbestos fibres and benzo(a)pyrene. II. Tissue specificity studies using comet assay. Cancer Lett 139(2):173-176.

Vasama-Neuvonen K, Pukkala E, Paakkulainen H, Mutanen P, Weiderpass E, Boffetta P, Shen N, Kauppinen T, Vainio H, Partanen T (1999). Ovarian cancer and occupational exposures in Finland. Am J Ind Med 36(1):83-89.

Verschaeve L, Palmer P (1985). On the uptake and genotoxicity of UICC chrysotile A in human primary lung fibroblasts. Naturwissenschaften 72:326-327.

Vineis P, Ciccone G, Magnino A (1993). Asbestos exposure, physical activity and colon cancer: a case-control study. Tumori 79(5):301-303.

Volkheimer G (1973). Persorption. Acta Hepato Gastroenterol 20:361-362.

Volkheimer G (1974). Passage of particles through the wall of the gastrointestinal tract.

Environ Health Perspect 9:215-225.

Wagner JC, Berry G, Timbrell V (1973). Mesotheliomata in rats after inoculation with asbestos and other materials. Br J Cancer 28:173-185.

Wagner JC, Berry G, Skidmore JW, Timbrell V (1974). The effects of the inhalation of asbestos in rats. Br J Cancer 29:252-269.

Wagner JC, Berry G, Cooke TJ, Hill RJ, Pooley FD, Skidmore JW (1977). Animal experiments with talc. In: Inhaled Particles and Vapors, Vol. IV, Part 2. Walton WH, McGovern B, eds. Pergamon Press, New York, New York. pp. 647-654.

Wagner MMF, Campbell MJ, Edwards RE (1979). Sequential immunological studies on an asbestos-exposed population. I. Factors affecting peripheral blood leucocytes and T lymphocytes. Clin Exp Immunol 38(2):323-331.

Walker C, Everitt J, Barrett JC (1992). Possible cellular and molecular mechanisms for asbestos carcinogenicity. Am J Ind Med 21:253-273.

Wang QE, Han CH, Yang YP, Wang HB, Wu WD, Liu SJ, Kohyama N (1999).

Biological effects of man-made mineral fibers. II. Their genetic damages examined by in vitro assay. Ind Health 37(3):342-347.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 87 September 2003

Ward JM, Frank AL, Wenk M, Devor D, Tarone RE (1980). Ingested asbestos and intestinal carcinogenesis in F344 rats. J Environ Pathol Toxicol 3(5-6):301-312.

Warheit DB, Hesterberg TW (1994). Asbestos and other fibers in the lung. In:

Immunotoxicology and Immunopharmacology. 2nd Ed. Dean JH, Luster MI, Munson AE, Kimber I, eds. Raven Press, New York, New York. pp. 363-376.

Wassermann M, Wassermann D, Steinitz R, Katz L, Lemesch C (1980). Mesothelioma in children. IARC Scientific Publ 30:253-257.

Watanabe M, Suzuki H, Fukutome K, Enoki A, Yamada N, Nakano T, Shiraishi T, Yatani R (1999). An autopsy case of a malignant pericardial mesothelioma in a Japanese young man. Pathol Int 49(7):658-662.

Webber JS, Syrotynski S, King MV (1988). Asbestos-contaminated drinking water: Its impact on household air. Environ Res 46:153-167.

Webster I (1973). Asbestos and malignancy. South Afr Med J 47:165-171.

Webster I (1974). The ingestion of asbestos fibers. Environ Health Perspect 9:199-202.

Wehman HJ, Plantholt BA (1974). Asbestos fibrils in beverages. I. Gin. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 11:267-272.

Weiderpass E, Pukkala E, Kauppinen T, Mutanen P, Paakkulainen H, Vasama-Neuvonen K, Boffetta P, Partanen T (1999). Breast cancer and occupational exposures in Finland.

Am J Ind Med 36(1):48-53.

Weinzweig M, Richards RJ (1983). Quantitative assessment of chrysotile fibrils in the bloodstream of rats which have ingested the mineral under dietary conditions. Environ Res 31:245-255.

Wells AH (1975). Asbestos in Duluth water. Minnesota Med 58:458-459, 488.

Westlake GE, Spjut HJ, Smith MN (1965). Penetration of colonic mucosa by asbestos particles: An electron microscope study in rats fed asbestos dust. Lab Invest 14:2029­ 2033.

Westlake GE (1974). Asbestos fibers in the colonic wall. Environ Health Perspect 9:227.

Wigle DT (1977). Cancer mortality in relation to asbestos in municipal water supplies.

Arch Environ Health 32:185-190.

Winner AA, Cossette M (1979). The effect of aspect ratio on fiber counts: A preliminary study. In: Health Hazards of Asbestos Exposure. Selikoff IJ, Hammond EC, eds. Ann New York Acad Sci 330:661-672.

Xie C, Reusse A, Dai J, Zay K, Harnett J, Churg A (2000). TNF-alpha increases tracheal epithelial asbestos and fiberglass binding via a NF-kappaB-dependent mechanism. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 279(3):L608-L614.

Xu A, Wu LJ, Santella RM, Hei TK (1999). Role of oxyradicals in mutagenicity and DNA damage induced by crocidolite asbestos in mammalian cells. Cancer Res 59(23):5922-5926.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 88 September 2003

Yamaguchi R, Hirano T, Ootsuyama Y, Asami S, Tsurudome Y, Fukadaa S, Yamato H, Tsuda T, Tanaka I, Kasai H (1999). Increased 8-hydroxyguanine in DNA and its repair activity in hamster and rat lung after intratracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos. Jpn J Cancer Res 90(5):505-509.

Yegles M, Saint-Etienne L, Renier A, Janson X, Jaurand MC (1993). Induction of metaphase and anaphase/telophase abnormalities by asbestos fibers in rat pleural mesothelial cells in vitro. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 9:186-191.

Zaidi SH (1974). Ingestion of asbestos. Environ Health Perspect 9:239-242.

Zanella CL, Timblin CR, Cummins A, Jung M, Goldberg J, Raabe R, Tritton TR, Mossman BT (1999). Asbestos-induced phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor is linked to c-fos and apoptosis. Am J Physiol 277(4 part 1):L684-L693.

Zoller T, Zeller WJ (2000). Production of reactive oxygen species by phagocytic cells after exposure to glass wool and stone wool fibres - Effect of fibre preincubation in aqueous solution. Toxicol Lett 114(1-3):19.

ASBESTOS in Drinking Water
California Public Health Goal (PHG) 89 September 2003

Agenda Report to the City Council
Agenda Section: CONSENT ITEMS
Department: Public Works Department
DATE: October 13, 2026
FROM: Bruce Zaeni, Project Manager
SUBJECT: Consideration and Proposed Approval of a Resolution Authorizing execution of a Professional Services Agreement with Cannon Corporation for SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of Plans, Specifications and Estimate for Project CIP No. W18-113 in an Amount Not-to-Exceed $248,967 and applicable budget
amendment.

RECOMMENDED
ACTION:

Approval of Resolution.

PREVIOUS COUNCIL
ACTION:

Resolution 2026-037 authorized award of an agreement to Cannon Corporation for SCADA System Assessment and
Preliminary Design.

STATEMENT OF THE
PURPOSE:

To authorize execution of a Professional Services Agreement with Cannon Corporation for SCADA System Final Design and
Preparation of Plans, Specifications and Estimate for Project CIP No. W18-113 and applicable budget amendment.

FINANCIAL IMPACT: The project currently has a remaining available budget of $34,338 for Design. Funding of $214,629 for design is necessary for design and $26,462 for CIP Overheads (e.g. staff time) for a total budget of $241,081. The funding source is Water Bonds.

CEQA DETERMINATION: Not a CEQA Project (CEQA Guidelines §15378) BACKGROUND:

The Water System SCADA Improvements Project involves citywide upgrades to the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system used to monitor and control the City's potable water infrastructure. The project focuses on integrating pump stations and treatment components into a centralized platform that enhances real-time system visibility, automation, and remote operations. Key components include power and instrumentation upgrades at critical pump stations and water facility sites. Expansion and integration of SCADA control panels, sensors, and communications infrastructure, and centralized monitoring to improve system reliability, efficiency, and emergency response. This project will provide the final design to modernize the City's water system management and supports proactive

operations and maintenance practices.

DISCUSSION:

City staff prepared and issued a Request for Proposals on September 8, 2026, and received three proposals by the submittal date of September 23, 2026. All the proposals were reviewed and evaluated by city staff and Cannon Corporation was selected based on the quality of their proposal for the project. Cannon Corporation has an extensive background in providing California-based water agencies and municipalities with water system automation and control system upgrade services. They have an experienced team of engineers and technicians who have successfully completed similar projects. They also worked on the assessment and preliminary design of this project for the city earlier in the year.

It should be noted that this project is critical to and has a direct link to water operators' abilities to both proactively monitor equipment and processes as well as react to equipment failure more expeditiously. As several discolored water quality events over the last two years can be directly attributed to equipment failure and lack of monitoring ability, it is expected that water quality events related to equipment failure should be greatly reduced once the full design has been integrated.

The total compensation shall not exceed $248,967. Under the proposed agreement, Cannon Corporation will provide project management and coordination, final system design, preparation of final plans, specifications and cost estimate (PS&E). It is anticipated that documents will be available for bidding in mid-February 2027 with an anticipated 18-24 month construction schedule, depending on phasing and available budget.

In order to fund this project, a budget amendment is required to fund the additional tasks as noted below:

Finally, at the June 18, 2026 Water/Wastewater Advisory Committee meeting, Cannon presented the results of their SCADA System Assessment. Their preliminary estimate for "Total Program" improvements was $2,670,000. It is expected that the scope of this project will refine this budgetary estimate.

ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW:

Not a CEQA Project (CEQA Guidelines §15378)
GOAL:

Goal 5: Enhance Quality of Life
Goal 8: Implement Capital Improvement Plans (CIP) Projects Miscellaneous/Other

ATTACHMENTS:

1. Resolution - Cannon v1

2. PSA Cannon Corporation SCADA Final Design

CITY OF ST. HELENA
RESOLUTION NO. 2026-

RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING THE CITY

MANAGER TO NEGOTIATE AND EXECUTE A

PROFESSIONAL SERVICES AGREEMENT

WITH CANNON CORPORATION FOR SCADA

SYSTEM FINAL DESIGN AND PREPPARATION

OF PLANS, SPECIFICATIONS AND ESTIMATE
FOR PROJECT NO. W18-113 IN AN AMOUNT
NOT-TO-EXCEED $248,967 AND THE

APPLICABLE BUDGET AMENDMENT

RECITALS
A. The City requires upgrade to its water system’s Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) to improve
performance and align with City’s digital modernization; and B. This project supports the City’s ongoing efforts to modernize its water infrastructure, improve operational safety, and enable digital control of critical assets.

C. This Water System SCADA Improvements Project includes the Final Design and Preparation of Plans, Specifications and Estimate to improve the SCADA system used to monitor and control the City's water infrastructure; and
D. Cannon Corporation has extensive background in providing California based water agencies and municipalities with water system automation and control system upgrade services and were selected based on their quality of proposal for the project.

E. The funding for this phase of the project is adequate to cover the consultant fees and expenses and city’s staffing support.

RESOLUTION
NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of St. Helena resolves as follows:

1. Authorizes the City Manager to negotiate and execute a Professional Services Agreement with Cannon
Corporation for SCADA System for Project CIP No. W18-
113 in an amount not-to-exceed $248,967; and

2. Authorize the Director of Public Works to approve
Change Orders not-to-exceed 10% of contract price.

3. Authorizes the Budget Amendment utilizing Water Bond proceeds as noted below:

Approved at a Regular Meeting of the St. Helena City Council on October 13, 2026, by the following vote:

Mayor Dohring:

Vice Mayor Deasy:

Council Member Barak:

Council Member Spadarotto:

Council Member Diaz:

APPROVED: ATTEST:

Paul Jamison Dohring, Mayor Andrew Bradley, City Clerk

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
1 CITY OF ST. HELENA

PROFESSIONAL SERVICES AGREEMENT
SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of Plans, Specifications, and Estimate This Agreement is made and entered into as of October 13, 2026, by and between the City of St. Helena, a public agency organized and operating under the laws of the State of California (“City”), and Cannon Corporation, a corporation with its principal place of business at 1050 Southwood Dr. San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 (hereinafter referred to as “Consultant”). City and Consultant are sometimes individually referred to as “Party” and collectively as “Parties” in this Agreement.

RECITALS
A. City is a public agency of the State of California and is in need of professional services for the following project:

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of Plans, Specifications, and Estimate (hereinafter referred to as “the Project”).

B. Consultant is duly licensed and has the necessary qualifications to provide such services.

C. The Parties desire by this Agreement to establish the terms for City to retain Consultant to provide the services described herein.

AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

1. Services.

Consultant shall provide the City with the services described in the Scope of Services attached hereto as Exhibit “A.”

2. Compensation.
a. Subject to paragraph 2(b) below, the City shall pay for such services in accordance with the Schedule of Charges set forth in Exhibit “A”. b. In no event shall the total amount paid for services rendered by Consultant under this Agreement exceed the sum of $248,967. This amount is to cover all printing and related costs, and the City will not pay any additional fees for printing expenses. Periodic payments shall be made within 30 days of receipt of an invoice which includes a detailed description of the work performed. Payments to Consultant for work performed will be made on a monthly billing basis.

3. Additional Work.

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
2 If changes in the work seem merited by Consultant or the City, and informal consultations with the other party indicate that a change is warranted, it shall be processed in the following manner: a letter outlining the changes shall be forwarded to the City by Consultant with a statement of estimated changes in fee or time schedule. An amendment to this Agreement shall be prepared by the City and executed by both Parties before performance of such services, or the City will not be required to pay for the changes in the scope of work. Such amendment shall not render ineffective or invalidate unaffected portions of this Agreement.

4. Maintenance of Records.

Books, documents, papers, accounting records, and other evidence pertaining to costs incurred shall be maintained by Consultant and made available at all reasonable times during the contract period and for four (4) years from the date of final payment under the contract for inspection by City.

5. Term.

The term of this Agreement shall be from October 13, 2026, to June 30, 2027, unless earlier terminated as provided herein. The Parties may, by mutual, written consent, extend the term of this Agreement if necessary to complete the Project. Consultant shall perform its services in a prompt and timely manner within the term of this Agreement and shall commence performance upon receipt of written notice from the City to proceed (“Notice to Proceed”). The Notice to Proceed shall set forth the date of commencement of work.

6. Delays in Performance.
a. Neither City nor Consultant shall be considered in default of this Agreement for delays in performance caused by circumstances beyond the reasonable control of the nonperforming party. For purposes of this Agreement, such circumstances include but are not limited to, abnormal weather conditions; floods; earthquakes; fire; epidemics; pandemics; war; riots and other civil disturbances; strikes, lockouts, work slowdowns, and other labor disturbances; sabotage or judicial restraint.
b. Should such circumstances occur, the non-performing party shall, within a reasonable time of being prevented from performing, give written notice to the other party describing the circumstances preventing continued performance and the efforts being made to resume performance of this Agreement.

7. Compliance with Law.
a. Consultant shall comply with all applicable laws, ordinances, codes and regulations of the federal, state and local government, including Cal/OSHA requirements. b. If required, Consultant shall assist the City, as requested, in obtaining and maintaining all permits required of Consultant by federal, state and local regulatory agencies. c. If applicable, Consultant is responsible for all costs of clean up and/ or removal of hazardous and toxic substances spilled as a result of his or her services or operations performed under this Agreement.

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
3 8. Standard of Care; Performance of Employees
a. Consultant’s services will be performed in accordance with generally accepted professional practices and principles and in a manner consistent with the level of care and skill ordinarily exercised by members of the profession currently practicing under similar conditions. b. Consultant’s employees and subcontractors shall have sufficient skill and experience to perform the Services assigned to them. Consultant represents that it, its employees and subcontractors have all licenses, permits, qualifications and approvals of whatever nature that are legally required to perform the Services, including a City Business License, and that such licenses and approvals shall be maintained throughout the term of this Contract. As provided for in the indemnification provisions of this Contract, Consultant shall perform, at its own cost and expense and without reimbursement from the City, any services necessary to correct errors or omissions which are caused by the Consultant’s failure to comply with the standard of care provided for herein. Any employee of the Consultant or its sub-consultants who is determined by the City to be uncooperative, incompetent, a threat to the adequate or timely completion of the Project, a threat to the safety of persons or property, or any employee who fails or refuses to perform the Services in a manner acceptable to the City, shall be promptly removed from the Project by the Consultant and shall not be re-employed to perform any of the Services or to work on the Project.

9. Assignment and Subcontracting
Consultant shall not assign, sublet, or transfer this Agreement or any rights under or interest in this Agreement without the written consent of the City, which may be withheld for any reason. Any attempt to so assign or so transfer without such consent shall be void and without legal effect and shall constitute grounds for termination. Subcontracts, if any, shall contain a provision making them subject to all provisions stipulated in this Agreement. Nothing contained herein shall prevent Consultant from employing independent associates and subcontractors as Consultant may deem appropriate to assist in the performance of services hereunder.

10. Independent Contractor
Consultant is retained as an independent contractor and is not an employee of City. No employee or agent of Consultant shall become an employee of City. The work to be performed shall be in accordance with the work described in this Agreement, subject to such directions and amendments from City as herein provided.

11. Insurance. Consultant shall not commence work for the City until it has provided evidence satisfactory to the City it has secured all insurance required under this section. In addition, Consultant shall not allow any subcontractor to commence work on any subcontract until it has secured all insurance required under this section. a. Commercial General Liability
(i) The Consultant shall take out and maintain, during the performance of all work under this Agreement, in amounts not less than specified herein, Commercial General Liability Insurance, in a form and with insurance companies acceptable to the City. (ii) Coverage for Commercial General Liability insurance shall be at least as broad as the following:

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
4 (1) Insurance Services Office Commercial General Liability coverage (Occurrence Form CG 00 01) or exact equivalent. (iii) Commercial General Liability Insurance must include coverage for the following:
(1) Bodily Injury and Property Damage
(2) Personal Injury/Advertising Injury
(3) Premises/Operations Liability
(4) Products/Completed Operations Liability
(5) Aggregate Limits that Apply per Project
(6) Explosion, Collapse and Underground (UCX) exclusion deleted
(7) Contractual Liability with respect to this Agreement (8) Property Damage
(9) Independent Contractors Coverage
(iv) The policy shall contain no endorsements or provisions limiting coverage for (1) contractual liability; (2) cross liability exclusion for claims or suits by one insured against another; (3) products/completed operations liability; or (4) contain any other exclusion contrary to the Agreement.
(v) The policy shall give City, its officials, officers, employees, agents and City designated volunteers additional insured status using ISO endorsement forms CG 20 10 10 01 and 20 37 10 01, or endorsements providing the exact same coverage. (vi) The general liability program may utilize either deductibles or provide coverage excess of a self-insured retention, subject to written approval by the City, and provided that such deductibles shall not apply to the City as an additional insured. b. Automobile Liability
(i) At all times during the performance of the work under this Agreement, the Consultant shall maintain Automobile Liability Insurance for bodily injury and property damage including coverage for owned, non-owned and hired vehicles, in a form and with insurance companies acceptable to the City.
(ii) Coverage for automobile liability insurance shall be at least as broad as Insurance Services Office Form Number CA 00 01 covering automobile liability (Coverage Symbol 1, any auto).
(iii) The policy shall give City, its officials, officers, employees, agents and City designated volunteers additional insured status. (iv) Subject to written approval by the City, the automobile liability program may utilize deductibles, provided that such deductibles shall not apply to the City as an additional insured, but not a self-insured retention.
c. Workers’ Compensation/Employer’s Liability

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
5 (i) Consultant certifies that he/she is aware of the provisions of Section 3700 of the California Labor Code which requires every employer to be insured against liability for workers’ compensation or to undertake self-insurance in accordance with the provisions of that code, and he/she will comply with such provisions before commencing work under this Agreement.
(ii) To the extent Consultant has employees at any time during the term of this Agreement, at all times during the performance of the work under this Agreement, the Consultant shall maintain full compensation insurance for all persons employed directly by him/her to carry out the work contemplated under this Agreement, all in accordance with the “Workers’ Compensation and Insurance Act,” Division IV of the Labor Code of the State of California and any acts amendatory thereof, and Employer’s Liability Coverage in amounts indicated herein. Consultant shall require all subconsultants to obtain and maintain, for the period required by this Agreement, workers’ compensation coverage of the same type and limits as specified in this section.
d. Professional Liability (Errors and Omissions)
At all times during the performance of the work under this Agreement the Consultant shall maintain professional liability or Errors and Omissions insurance appropriate to its profession, in a form and with insurance companies acceptable to the City and in an amount indicated herein.

This insurance shall be endorsed to include contractual liability applicable to this Agreement and shall be written on a policy form specifically designed to protect against acts, errors or omissions of the Consultant. “Covered Professional Services” as designated in the policy must specifically include work performed under this Agreement. The policy must “pay on behalf of” the insured and must include a provision establishing the insurer's duty to defend. e. Minimum Policy Limits Required
(i) The following insurance limits are required for the Agreement:

Combined Single Limit
Commercial General Liability $1,000,000 per occurrence/ $2,000,000 aggregate for bodily injury, personal injury, and property
damage
Automobile Liability $1,000,000 combined single limit
Employer’s Liability $1,000,000 per accident or disease Professional Liability $5,000,000 per claim and aggregate (errors and omissions)
(ii) Except with respect to Professional Liability, defense costs shall be payable in addition to the limits.
(iii) Requirements of specific coverage or limits contained in this section are not intended as a limitation on coverage, limits, or other requirement, or a waiver of any coverage normally provided by any insurance. Any available coverage shall be provided to the parties required to be named as Additional Insured pursuant to this Agreement.

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
6 f. Evidence Required
Prior to execution of the Agreement, the Consultant shall file with the City evidence of insurance from an insurer or insurers certifying to the coverage of all insurance required herein. Such evidence shall include original copies of the ISO CG 00 01 (or insurer’s equivalent) signed by the insurer’s representative and Certificate of Insurance (Acord Form 25-S or equivalent), together with required endorsements. All evidence of insurance shall be signed by a properly authorized officer, agent, or qualified representative of the insurer and shall certify the names of the insured, any additional insureds, where appropriate, the type and amount of the insurance, the location and operations to which the insurance applies, and the expiration date of such insurance.
g. Policy Provisions Required
(i) Consultant shall provide the City at least thirty (30) days prior written notice of cancellation of any policy required by this Agreement, except that the Consultant shall provide at least ten (10) days prior written notice of cancellation of any such policy due to non-payment of premium. If any of the required coverage is cancelled or expires during the term of this Agreement, the Consultant shall deliver renewal certificate(s) including the General Liability Additional Insured Endorsement to the City at least ten (10) days prior to the effective date of cancellation or expiration.
(ii) The Commercial General Liability Policy and Automobile Policy shall each contain a provision stating that Consultant’s policy is primary insurance and that any insurance, self-insurance or other coverage maintained by the City or any named insureds shall not be called upon to contribute to any loss.
(iii) The retroactive date (if any) of each policy is to be no later than the effective date of this Agreement. Consultant shall maintain such coverage continuously for a period of at least three years after the completion of the work under this Agreement. Consultant shall purchase a one (1) year extended reporting period A) if the retroactive date is advanced past the effective date of this Agreement; B) if the policy is cancelled or not renewed; or C) if the policy is replaced by another claims-made policy with a retroactive date subsequent to the effective date of this Agreement.
(iv) All required insurance coverages, except for the professional liability coverage, shall contain or be endorsed to provide a waiver of subrogation in favor of the City, its officials, officers, employees, agents, and volunteers or shall specifically allow Consultant or others providing insurance evidence in compliance with these specifications to waive their right of recovery prior to a loss. Consultant hereby waives its own right of recovery against City, and shall require similar written express waivers and insurance clauses from each of its subconsultants.
(v) The limits set forth herein shall apply separately to each insured against whom claims are made or suits are brought, except with respect to the limits of liability.

Further the limits set forth herein shall not be construed to relieve the Consultant from liability in excess of such coverage, nor shall it limit the Consultant’s indemnification obligations to the City and shall not preclude the City from taking such other actions available to the City under other provisions of the Agreement or law.
h. Qualifying Insurers

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
7 (i) All policies required shall be issued by acceptable insurance companies, as determined by the City, which satisfy the following minimum requirements:
(1) Each such policy shall be from a company or companies with a current A.M. Best's rating of no less than A:VII and admitted to transact in the business of insurance in the State of California, or otherwise allowed to place insurance through surplus line brokers under applicable provisions of the California Insurance Code or any federal law.
i. Additional Insurance Provisions
(i) The foregoing requirements as to the types and limits of insurance coverage to be maintained by Consultant, and any approval of said insurance by the City, is not intended to and shall not in any manner limit or qualify the liabilities and obligations otherwise assumed by the Consultant pursuant to this Agreement, including but not limited to, the provisions concerning indemnification.
(ii) If at any time during the life of the Agreement, any policy of insurance required under this Agreement does not comply with these specifications or is canceled and not replaced, City has the right but not the duty to obtain the insurance it deems necessary and any premium paid by City will be promptly reimbursed by Consultant or City will withhold amounts sufficient to pay premium from Consultant payments. In the alternative, City may cancel this Agreement.
(iii) The City may require the Consultant to provide complete copies of all insurance policies in effect for the duration of the Project. (iv) Neither the City nor any of its officials, officers, employees, agents or volunteers shall be personally responsible for any liability arising under or by virtue of this Agreement.
j. Subconsultant Insurance Requirements. Consultant shall not allow any subcontractors or subconsultants to commence work on any subcontract until they have provided evidence satisfactory to the City that they have secured all insurance required under this section.

Policies of commercial general liability insurance provided by such subcontractors or subconsultants shall be endorsed to name the City as an additional insured using ISO form CG 20 38 04 13 or an endorsement providing the exact same coverage. If requested by Consultant, City may approve different scopes or minimum limits of insurance for particular subcontractors or subconsultants.

12. Indemnification.
a. To the fullest extent permitted by law, Consultant shall defend (with counsel of City’s choosing), indemnify and hold the City, its officials, officers, employees, volunteers, and agents free and harmless from any and all claims, demands, causes of action, costs, expenses, liability, loss, damage or injury of any kind, in law or equity, to property or persons, including wrongful death, in any manner arising out of, pertaining to, or incident to any acts, errors or omissions, or willful misconduct of Consultant, its officials, officers, employees, subcontractors, consultants or agents in connection with the performance of the Consultant’s services, the Project or this Agreement, including without limitation the payment of all damages, expert witness fees and attorney’s fees and other related costs and expenses. Consultant's obligation to indemnify

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
8 shall not be restricted to insurance proceeds, if any, received by Consultant, the City, its officials, officers, employees, agents, or volunteers.
b. If Consultant’s obligation to defend, indemnify, and/or hold harmless arises out of Consultant’s performance of “design professional” services (as that term is defined under Civil Code section 2782.8), then, and only to the extent required by Civil Code section 2782.8, which is fully incorporated herein, Consultant’s indemnification obligation shall be limited to claims that arise out of, pertain to, or relate to the negligence, recklessness, or willful misconduct of the Consultant, and, upon Consultant obtaining a final adjudication by a court of competent jurisdiction, Consultant’s liability for such claim, including the cost to defend, shall not exceed the Consultant’s proportionate percentage of fault.

13. California Labor Code Requirements.
a. Consultant is aware of the requirements of California Labor Code Sections 1720 et seq. and 1770 et seq., which require the payment of prevailing wage rates and the performance of other requirements on certain “public works” and “maintenance” projects (“Prevailing Wage Laws”). If the services are being performed as part of an applicable “public works” or “maintenance” project, as defined by the Prevailing Wage Laws, and if the total compensation is $1,000 or more, Consultant agrees to fully comply with such Prevailing Wage Laws. Consultant shall defend, indemnify and hold the City, its officials, officers, employees and agents free and harmless from any claims, liabilities, costs, penalties or interest arising out of any failure or alleged failure to comply with the Prevailing Wage Laws. It shall be mandatory upon the Consultant and all subconsultants to comply with all California Labor Code provisions, which include but are not limited to prevailing wages (Labor Code Sections 1771, 1774 and 1775), employment of apprentices (Labor Code Section 1777.5), certified payroll records (Labor Code Sections 1771.4 and 1776), hours of labor (Labor Code Sections 1813 and 1815) and debarment of contractors and subcontractors (Labor Code Section 1777.1). The requirement to submit certified payroll records directly to the Labor Commissioner under Labor Code section 1771.4 shall not apply to work performed on a public works project that is exempt pursuant to the small project exemption specified in Labor Code Section 1771.4. b. If the services are being performed as part of an applicable “public works” or “maintenance” project, then pursuant to Labor Code Sections 1725.5 and 1771.1, the Consultant and all subconsultants performing such services must be registered with the Department of Industrial Relations. Consultant shall maintain registration for the duration of the Project and require the same of any subconsultants, as applicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the contractor registration requirements mandated by Labor Code Sections 1725.5 and 1771.1 shall not apply to work performed on a public works project that is exempt pursuant to the small project exemption specified in Labor Code Sections 1725.5 and 1771.1. c. This Agreement may also be subject to compliance monitoring and enforcement by the Department of Industrial Relations. It shall be Consultant’s sole responsibility to comply with all applicable registration and labor compliance requirements. Any stop orders issued by the Department of Industrial Relations against Consultant or any subcontractor that affect Consultant’s performance of services, including any delay, shall be Consultant’s sole responsibility. Any delay arising out of or resulting from such stop orders shall be considered Consultant caused delay and shall not be compensable by the City. Consultant shall defend, indemnify and hold the City, its officials, officers, employees and agents free and harmless from any claim or liability arising out of stop orders issued by the Department of Industrial Relations against Consultant or any subcontractor.

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
9 14. Safety.

Consultant shall execute and maintain its work so as to avoid injury or damage to any person or property. In carrying out its Services, the Consultant shall at all times be in compliance with all applicable local, state and federal laws, rules and regulations, and shall exercise all necessary precautions for the safety of employees appropriate to the nature of the work and the conditions under which the work is to be performed. Safety precautions as applicable shall include, but shall not be limited to: (A) adequate life protection and life-saving equipment and procedures; (B) instructions in accident prevention for all employees and subcontractors, such as safe walkways, scaffolds, fall protection ladders, bridges, gang planks, confined space procedures, trenching and shoring, equipment and other safety devices, equipment and wearing apparel as are necessary or lawfully required to prevent accidents or injuries; and (C) adequate facilities for the proper inspection and maintenance of all safety measures.

15. Verification of Employment Eligibility.

By executing this Agreement, Consultant verifies that it fully complies with all requirements and restrictions of state and federal law respecting the employment of undocumented aliens, including, but not limited to, the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, as may be amended from time to time, and shall require all subconsultants and sub-subconsultants to comply with the same.

16. INTENTIONALLY DELETED

17. Laws and Venue.

This Agreement shall be interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of California.

If any action is brought to interpret or enforce any term of this Agreement, the action shall be brought in a the Superior Court of California for the County of Napa.

18. Termination or Abandonment
a. City has the right to terminate or abandon any portion or all of the work under this Agreement by giving ten (10) calendar days written notice to Consultant. In such event, City shall be immediately given title and possession to all original field notes, drawings and specifications, written reports and other documents produced or developed for that portion of the work completed and/or being abandoned. City shall pay Consultant the reasonable value of services rendered for any portion of the work completed prior to termination. If said termination occurs prior to completion of any task for the Project for which a payment request has not been received, the charge for services performed during such task shall be the reasonable value of such services, based on an amount mutually agreed to by City and Consultant of the portion of such task completed but not paid prior to said termination. City shall not be liable for any costs other than the charges or portions thereof which are specified herein. Consultant shall not be entitled to payment for unperformed services, and shall not be entitled to damages or compensation for termination of work.
b. Consultant may terminate its obligation to provide further services under this Agreement upon thirty (30) calendar days’ written notice to City only in the event of substantial failure by City to perform in accordance with the terms of this Agreement through no fault of Consultant.

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
10 19. Ownership of Documents and Confidential Information. a. All deliverables and other documents generated by Consultant in the performance of the Services, including all work papers, work-in-progress, designs, drawings, documents, data, computations, specifications, studies and reports prepared by Consultant as a part of the Services or authorized Additional Services (“Consultant Work Product”) shall belong to and be subject to the sole ownership and use of City. b. Except as otherwise provided in “Termination or Abandonment,” above, all original field notes, written reports, drawings and specifications and other documents, produced or developed for the Project shall, upon payment in full for the services described in this Agreement, be furnished to and become the property of the City. c. During the course of the performance of this Agreement, Consultant may receive written or verbal information from City, its representatives or agents, not in the public domain. Such information may include City’s know how, trade secrets, and other proprietary and confidential information and Consultant agrees to treat such information as confidential information belonging to City. Consultant agrees that neither it, nor its officers, employees, representatives, agents, successors, or assigns, will disclose such information to any third party or use the same in any manner without the prior written consent of City. Moreover, Consultant agrees to safeguard such proprietary and confidential information from unauthorized disclosure and/or use using the same degree of care it uses to protect its own proprietary and confidential information, but not less than a reasonable standard of care. In the event that disclosure of such information is sought pursuant to any law or regulation, Consultant shall promptly notify City of such fact to allow City to assert whatever exclusions or exemptions may be available to it under applicable law or regulation.

20. Organization
Consultant shall assign David Noellsch, PE as Project Manager. The Project Manager shall not be removed from the Project or reassigned without the prior written consent of the City.

21. Limitation of Agreement.

This Agreement is limited to and includes only the work included in the Project described above.

22. Notice
Any notice or instrument required to be given or delivered by this Agreement may be given or delivered by depositing the same in any United States Post Office, certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to:

CITY:

City of St. Helena
1088 College Ave. St. Helena, CA 94574
Attn: Joseph Leach, P.E., PW Director
CONSULTANT:

Cannon Corporation
1080 Southwood Dr
San Luis Obispo, CA 93401
Attn: David Noellsch, P.E.

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
11 and shall be effective upon receipt thereof.

23. Third Party Rights
Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to give any rights or benefits to anyone other than the City and the Consultant.

24. Equal Opportunity Employment.

Consultant represents that it is an equal opportunity employer and that it shall not discriminate against any employee or applicant for employment because of race, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, sex, age or other interests protected by the State or Federal Constitutions. Such non-discrimination shall include, but not be limited to, all activities related to initial employment, upgrading, demotion, transfer, recruitment or recruitment advertising, layoff or termination.

25. Entire Agreement
This Agreement, with its exhibits, represents the entire understanding of City and Consultant as to those matters contained herein, and supersedes and cancels any prior or contemporaneous oral or written understanding, promises or representations with respect to those matters covered hereunder. Each Party acknowledges that no representations, inducements, promises or agreements have been made by any person which are not incorporated herein, and that any other agreements shall be void. This Agreement may not be modified or altered except in writing signed by both Parties hereto. This is an integrated Agreement.

26. Severability
The unenforceability, invalidity or illegality of any provision(s) of this Agreement shall not render the remaining provisions unenforceable, invalid or illegal.

27. Successors and Assigns
This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the successors in interest, executors, administrators and assigns of each Party to this Agreement. However, Consultant shall not assign or transfer by operation of law or otherwise any or all of its rights, burdens, duties or obligations without the prior written consent of City. Any attempted assignment without such consent shall be invalid and void.

28. Non-Waiver
None of the provisions of this Agreement shall be considered waived by either Party, unless such waiver is specifically specified in writing.

29. Time of Essence
Time is of the essence for each and every provision of this Agreement.

30. City’s Right to Employ Other Consultants

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
12 City reserves its right to employ other consultants, including engineers, in connection with this Project or other projects.

31. Prohibited Interests
Consultant maintains and warrants that it has not employed nor retained any company or person, other than a bona fide employee working solely for Consultant, to solicit or secure this Agreement. Further, Consultant warrants that it has not paid nor has it agreed to pay any company or person, other than a bona fide employee working solely for Consultant, any fee, commission, percentage, brokerage fee, gift or other consideration contingent upon or resulting from the award or making of this Agreement. For breach or violation of this warranty, City shall have the right to rescind this Agreement without liability. For the term of this Agreement, no director, official, officer or employee of City, during the term of his or her service with City, shall have any direct interest in this Agreement, or obtain any present or anticipated material benefit arising therefrom.

When funding for the services is provided, in whole or in part, by an agency of the federal government, Consultant shall also fully and adequately comply with the provisions included in Exhibit “D” (Federal Requirements) attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference (“Federal Requirements”). With respect to any conflict between such Federal Requirements and the terms of this Agreement and/or the provisions of state law, the more stringent requirement shall control.
[SIGNATURES ON FOLLOWING PAGE]

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
13 SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PROFESSIONAL SERVICES AGREEMENT
BETWEEN CITY OF ST. HELENA

AND CANNON CORPORATION
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.

CITY OF ST. HELENA CANNON CORPORATION
By: By:

James McCann Its:

Interim City Manager
Printed Name:

ATTEST:

By:

Ethan Walsh, City Attorney

Cannon Corporation SCADA System Final Design
14 EXHIBIT A
Scope of Services

Cannon
Reliable Responsive Solutions
Proposal for

SCADA SYSTEM FINAL DESIGN

AND PREPARATION OF PLANS,

SPECIFICATIONS AND ESTIMATE
(PS&E)
St. Helena
City of
Exhibit A

Table of Contents
Cannon
Section 1: Cover Letter ...........................................................................3 Section 2: Project Team .........................................................................4 Firm Profile ............................................................................................................................ 4 Organizational Chart ......................................................................................................... 6 Resumes .................................................................................................................................7 Section 3: Relevant Experience........................................................ 10 Section 4: Project Approach ...............................................................12 Understanding.................................................................................................................... 12 Approach .............................................................................................................................. 13 Scope of Work..................................................................................................................... 15 Section 5: Project Schedule................................................................17 Section 6: Fee Proposal............. submitted separately as a PDF file Exhibit A

Cannon
Bruce Zaeni, PE September 23, 2026
City of St. Helena
Public Works Department
1088 College Avenue, St. Helena, CA 94574
Transmitted via email: [email protected]
Subject: SCADA SYSTEM FINAL DESIGN AND PREPARATION OF PLANS,

SPECIFICATIONS AND ESTIMATE (PS&E)
Dear Mr. Zaeni,
The City of St. Helena (City) needs to advance its recently completed SCADA system assessment and preliminary plans into a complete final design package that can be used to procure a system integrator and implement the recommended upgrades. The final design must address the system’s aging control and communication hardware, limited redundancy, inconsistent instrumentation standards, documentation needs, and basic cybersecurity protections while remaining practical for the City’s operations and available funding.

We see this engagement as an opportunity to build directly upon the preliminary design and deliver exactly what the City needs: clear, coordinated, and constructible plans, specifications, and cost estimates. Our goal is not the most elaborate solution, but an elegant one: a reliable, maintainable, and secure design that supports efficient procurement and implementation while minimizing operational disruption.

Unmatched Approach
Our approach builds on the technical foundation Cannon established through the City’s SCADA System Assessment and Preliminary Design.

Having evaluated the existing system and developed the preliminary recommendations and plans, our team can advance directly into final design with a clear understanding of the City’s infrastructure, operational needs, system limitations, and modernization goals. This continuity reduces the need to revisit completed work, maintains consistency between the preliminary and final designs, and supports an efficient transition to a complete, constructible design package.

Familiarity with the City’s SCADA Environment
As the firm that prepared the City’s SCADA assessment report and preliminary plans, Cannon brings direct familiarity with the existing system, the City’s operational needs, and the basis for the recommended improvements. This continuity allows our team to begin final design with an established understanding of the project, maintain consistency with the preliminary recommendations, and avoid unnecessary duplication of prior work.

Cannon understands that the City may divide the project into two phases due to funding constraints. Our team will identify the associated assumptions, additional costs, schedule considerations, and level-of-effort impacts so the City can make an informed decision. Cannon will also continue to protect the City’s confidential SCADA information in accordance with the executed Non-Disclosure Agreement.

Sincerely,
David Noellsch, PE
Automation Principal Engineer
( 661.616.6228 📱 213.215.9673
* [email protected]
Jeff Spannbauer, PE*
Director, Automation & Electrical Engineering
( 805.503.4514 📱 805.235.1245
* [email protected]
*Authorized to bind the firm
Our approach builds on
the technical foundation
Cannon established
through the City’s SCADA
System Assessment and
Preliminary Design.

Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 4 Project Team 2 Cannon Corporation- Providing Reliable Responsive Solutions since 1976 Relevant Experience
Cannon has successfully completed automation,
instrumentation, and SCADA projects for water,
wastewater, recycled water, pumping, treatment, and
utility infrastructure facilities throughout California.

Our experience includes:
• Water and wastewater treatment facilities
• Groundwater wells and booster stations
• Reservoir and distribution systems
• Advanced water treatment facilities
• SCADA server and software upgrades
• PLC modernization projects
• Radio, cellular, and fiber communication systems
• Process instrumentation systems
• Control panel fabrication and integration
Our personnel have successfully executed projects
ranging from remote facilities and well sites to large
treatment plants requiring shutdown planning, vendor
coordination, off-site testing, startup support, and
commissioning.

Automation, Instrumentation &
Controls Integration
Since 1976, Cannon has provided engineering and technical services to public agencies and private industry throughout California. Founded as a civil engineering and surveying firm, Cannon has steadily expanded its capabilities over five decades to include structural, mechanical, electrical, and automation engineering disciplines, creating a stable organization capable of supporting critical infrastructure throughout its lifecycle.

Nearly two decades ago, Cannon expanded its Automation
& Controls practice through the acquisition of an
established industrial controls integration company.

Since that time, the group has grown into a dedicated
team of automation specialists, controls engineers,
SCADA developers, industrial networking professionals,
instrumentation technicians, and certified electricians focused on planning, implementing, commissioning, and
supporting industrial control systems.

Today, Cannon combines the resources and stability of a 50- year engineering organization with the practical experience of a proven control systems integrator.

Core Capabilities
Cannon provides complete automation and controls
services, including:
• Instrumentation procurement, installation, and
commissioning
• PLC programming and modernization
• SCADA and HMI development
• Industrial networking and communications
• Fiber optic and telemetry systems
• Control panel design and UL 508A fabrication
• Factory Acceptance Testing (FAT)
• Site Acceptance Testing (SAT)
• Startup and commissioning services
• Process troubleshooting and optimization
• Long-term operational support and maintenance
Our team routinely coordinates with owners, contractors, and equipment vendors to successfully deliver automation and controls projects requiring careful planning, testing, integration, and startup.

Organizational Stability
Owners and contractors need a partner capable of
supporting their systems long after project completion.

Cannon provides:
• Founded in 1976
• More than 160 employees
• Multiple California offices
• Long-standing municipal and utility client
relationships
• Dedicated Automation & Controls Group
• In-house engineering, integration, fabrication,
startup, and support resources
Unlike many independent system integrators, Cannon
is backed by the resources and stability of a longestablished engineering firm while maintaining dedicated automation and controls expertise.

Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 5 Certifications and Technical Registrations
C-10 Electrical Contractor License #970186
Cannon’s California C-10 license enables us to perform electrical installations in-house, providing customers with coordinated control-system implementation that complies with applicable electrical codes.

UL 508A Listed Panel Shop
Cannon designs and fabricates industrial control panels in our UL 508A listed panel shop, giving customers equipment built to recognized safety and construction requirements
Schneider Electric Certified Alliance Partner
As a Schneider Electric Certified Alliance Partner, Cannon provides engineering expertise for legacy and current Modicon PLC platforms, helping customers modernize systems while protecting existing investments.

Rockwell Automation System Integrator
Cannon’s Rockwell Automation system-integration expertise covers design, programming, implementation, and support, helping customers achieve reliable, maintainable industrial control systems.

Aveva Certified System Integrator
As an AVEVA Certified System Integrator, Cannon implements and supports HMI and SCADA solutions that improve operational visibility, system control, and access of production information.

Inductive Automation Ignition Certified Integrator
Cannon’s Ignition certification demonsrates our ability to develop and integrate scalable SCADA applications that connect plant-floor systems, operational data, and users.

Control System Integrators Association (CSIA)
Cannon’s CSIA membership keeps our team connected to industry practices for technical delivery, project execution, and business management — supporting consistent, professional system-integration services.

International Society of Automation (ISA)
Cannon’s ISA membership supports on-going engagement with automation standards, technical education, and industry developments, helping our team apply current practices to customer projects.

UL 508A Listed
Panel Shop
With an in-house UL 508A listed
control panel fabrication shop,
our division is equipped to
design, procure, and fabricate
customized control panels. We
provide our clients with efficient
and personalized service for oncall service needs, 24-hour service agreements, and specific projects.

Self-Perform Capabilities
Cannon self-performs:
• Instrumentation installation
and commissioning
• PLC programming
• SCADA development
• HMI development
• Industrial networking
• FAT and SAT support
• Startup and commissioning
• Control panel fabrication
• Troubleshooting and
operational support
Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 6 Principal-in-Charge
Jeff Spannbauer, PE
Project Manager
Main Point of Contact
David Noellsch, PE
 Key Personnel
Design Engineering Team
Taylor Groos, PE
Angel Lopez
Mehdi Ahmadi, PEO
Rudy Granados
Seshi Tiyyagura
City of St. Helena
Organizational Chart
Cannon’s key personnel will be available to the extent proposed for the duration of the project. No person designated as “key” to the contract will be removed or replaced without the prior approval of the City.

Main Point-of-Contact:

David Noellsch, PE
Project Manager
1050 Southwood Drive
San Luis Obispo, CA 93401
( 661.616.6228
* [email protected]
Subconsultants
Cannon is not currently including subconsultants on our team. Should an added task fall outside our scope and require a subconsultant, Cannon is fully capable of assembling the appropriate team. Cannon has extensive experience working with subconsultants, including geotechnical and environmental specialists, hydrogeologists, flow monitoring specialists, potholing contractors, and others. We maintain long-standing relationships with qualified subconsultant firms that can be added based on project type and needs, and we will work with the City’s preferred providers.

Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 7 Resumes
As a licensed Control System Engineer, Mr. Noellsch designs and implements new control systems and evaluates and upgrades existing systems by meeting or exceeding industry best practices as well as state, federal, and client standards. With over 13 years of industry experience, he believes that an elegant solution requires a genuine understanding of the mechanical process and the impact a control system has on it. His experience in manufacturing, energy, and water/wastewater has given him a range of integrated control systems experience.

City of St. Helena SCADA System Assessment and Preliminary Design, St.

Helena, California: Cannon assessed the City’s water SCADA system through staff interviews, site visits, and a review of control, communications, and server infrastructure. The assessment documented system architecture, equipment condition, operational constraints, remote communications, alarm notification, and cybersecurity and reliability gaps. Cannon identified near-term needs and developed a phased preliminary design addressing IT/OT network separation, controlled remote access, redundant servers, priority instrumentation and communications, and future PLC, panel, and HMI upgrades. The work included implementation sequencing, a planning-level schedule, and cost estimates. Mr.

Noellsch served as Project Manager.

Golden State Water Company SCADA On-Call, Assessment, and Master Plan, Various Locations: Cannon was selected to be an on-call automation and electrical design engineer for Golden State Water Company for an indefinite term. Services have included SCADA and Electrical engineering services, water balances, water system design, groundwater analysis, plans and specification preparation, water system upgrades, facility master planning, and regulatory compliance. Cannon also provides ongoing professional automation/ SCADA services for Golden State Water Company. SCADA services are delivered by means of remote access or physical presence, whichever best fits the task at hand based on network security and industry best practices. Mr. Noellsch served as Project Engineer.

Select Relevant Experience
• SCADA On-Call, Assessment, and Master Plan, Golden State Water Company, Various Locations, California
• Orange County SCADA Design-Build, Golden State Water Company, 37 Orange County Remote Sites, California
• SCADA System Assessment, Norwalk, California
• Phase I LCSD Wastewater Treatment Plant Upgrade - Laguna County Sanitation District, Santa Maria, California
• City of Morongo SCADA Upgrade, Morongo, California
• Desalter SCADA Integration Services, Chino, California • Cypress Ridge SCADA Design-Build - Golden State Water Company, California Professional Registration
• Control Systems Engineer,
California, No. CS 7576
• Control System Engineer,
Oklahoma, No. 31388
Education
• Bachelor of Science,
Mechanical Engineering,
University of MissouriColumbia, Columbia, Missouri
Certifications
• AVEVA (Wonderware)
Certified System Integrator -
InTouch
• AVEVA (Wonderware)
Certified System Integrator –
System Platform
• Schneider Electric EcoStruxure
Plant Certified – Control
System
• Schneider Electric EcoStruxure
Plant Certified –PLC
Modernization
Software Skills
• PLC Software: Allen-Bradley
RSLogix500, RSLogix 5000,
Studio 5000 , Schneider
Electric Control Expert, Unity
Pro, Concept
• HMI Software: Rockwell
FactoryTalk View SE/ME,
AVEVA/Wonderware System
Platform, InTouch, Historian
David Noellsch, PE Project Manager
Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 8 Professional Registration
• Civil Engineer, California, No.
66131
Education
• Bachelor of Science,
Agricultural Engineering,
California Polytechnic State
University, San Luis Obispo,
California
Training and Development
• PMSJ Project Management
Bootcamp
• Certified Master Modeling in
WaterCAD and WaterGEMS
Hydraulic Analysis Software
by Bentley
• Inductive Ignition SCADA
Software Certification
Professional Affiliations
• American Society of Civil
Engineers
As Principal-in-Charge, Mr. Spannbauer makes decisions and recommendations recognized as authoritative that have a far-reaching impact on Cannon’s engineering design, construction, administrative, and related activities. He negotiates critical and controversial issues along with other Senior Principal engineers and officers of other companies or organizations. In addition, Mr. Spannbauer exhibits a superior level of creativity, foresight, and judgment in planning, organizing, and guiding project teams and engineering programs. Recognized as an expert in one or more specialties, he applies his extensive knowledge to complex projects and assumes responsibility for the department of automation and electrical engineering at Cannon.

City of St. Helena SCADA System Assessment and Preliminary Design, St. Helena, California: Cannon assessed the City’s water SCADA system through staff interviews, site visits, and a review of control, communications, and server infrastructure. The assessment documented system architecture, equipment condition, operational constraints, remote communications, alarm notification, and cybersecurity and reliability gaps. Cannon identified near-term needs and developed a phased preliminary design addressing IT/OT network separation, controlled remote access, redundant servers, priority instrumentation and communications, and future PLC, panel, and HMI upgrades. The work included implementation sequencing, a planning-level schedule, and cost estimates. Mr. Spannbauer served as Principal-inCharge.

Golden State Water Company SCADA On-Call, Assessment, and Master Plan, Various Locations: Cannon was selected to be an on-call automation and electrical design engineer for Golden State Water Company for an indefinite term. Services have included SCADA and Electrical engineering services, water balances, water system design, groundwater analysis, plans and specification preparation, water system upgrades, facility master planning, and regulatory compliance. Cannon also provides ongoing professional automation/ SCADA services for Golden State Water Company. SCADA services are delivered by means of remote access or physical presence, whichever best fits the task at hand based on network security and industry best practices. Mr. Spannbauer served as Principal-in-Charge.

Select Relevant Experience
• Preliminary SCADA Assessment Study and SCADA Master Plan, Suburban Water Systems, Covina, California
• Orange County SCADA Design-Build, Golden State Water Company, 37 Orange County Remote Sites, California
• SCADA System Assessment, Norwalk, California
• SCADA On-Call, Assessment, and Master Plan, Golden State Water Company, Various Locations, California
• SCADA Programming and Maintenance Services, Chino Desalter Authority, Chino, California
• Municipal Wastewater Engineering and On-Call SCADA, McFarland, California • SCADA Programming Consultant, Livermore, California
• Cypress Ridge SCADA Design Build, Nipomo, California
Jeff Spannbauer, PE Principal-in-Charge
Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 9 Education
• Bachelor of Science,
Bioresource and Agricultural
Engineering, California
Polytechnic State University,
San Luis Obispo, California
Mr. Lopez has experience supporting electrical, controls, irrigation, security, and mechanical systems. His background includes designing electrical distribution systems for pump sensors and motors, maintaining and testing water resource facilities, and installing irrigation sensors integrated with SCADA systems. Mr.

Lopez also has experience installing security systems, reviewing building drawings, coordinating field materials, and working with cameras, HID card readers, and Lenel panel systems.

Select Relevant Experience
• St. Helena SCADA Masterplan, St. Helena, California
• Los Osos Community Services District, Design Build for SCADA System Modernization, Los Osos, California
• California Men’s Colony, SCADA Computer System, San Luis Obispo, California • Golden State Water Company, Armstrong Well No. 2 Equipping, Lakewood, California
• Santa Paula Canyon Booster Pump Station, Santa Paula, California • Golden State Water Company, 129th Street Plant Well Site Pump to Waste Valve, Gardena, California
• City of McFarland I&E Services, McFarland, California Angel Lopez Automation Design Engineer
Professional Registration
• Professional Electrical
Engineer, California, No.
24757
Education
• Bachelor of Science,
Electrical Engineering,
California State University
Chico, Chico, California
Mr. Groos brings 11 years of experience in the industry and has provided instrument and controls engineering services on various teams to support the on-going improvements and development of water resource, wastewater, energy, manufacturing, and industrial facilities. He is adept at building client relations and manages oversight of contractors. Mr. Groos is experienced in designing, developing, installing, and managing equipment which is used to monitor and control engineering systems, machinery, and processes. He specializes in programming line controls, process controls, and HMI.

Select Relevant Experience
• SCADA System Assessment and Preliminary Design, St. Helena, California • Canyon Booster Pump Station, Santa Paula, CA
• Golden State Water Company Falcon Crest Plant Site Fire Hardening, Arroyo Grande, CA
• Goleta Water District - San Antonio Well Electrical Improvements, Goleta, CA • California American Water Standby Generator Improvements Program Engineering Design, Various Locations
• SCADA Master Plan, St. Helena, CA
• City of Santa Maria SCADA Support Wastewater, Santa Maria, CA • Taylor Farms Instrumentation and Control Services (I&C), Santa Maria, California • PictSweet Company I&E Services, Santa Maria, California Taylor Groos, PE Electrical Engineer
Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 10 Relevant Experience 3
Golden State Water Company
SCADA On-Call,
Assessment, and Master Plan
Various Locations, California
SCADA Master Plan: Cannon followed up the SCADA
assessment with a SCADA Master Plan. We leveraged
the information collected during the SCADA Assessment
to develop a 10-year road map for SCADA across the
company. The SCADA Master Plan identified the following standards and actions for the company: Company
standardized SCADA templates, company cyber- security
recommendations and implementation matric, Company
disaster recovery plan, and a company SCADA execution
plan
SCADA Assessment: Cannon conducted field
investigations across various service locations to provide an in-depth assessment of existing SCADA infrastructure.

We evaluated the hardware, software, telemetry,
and instrumentation against industry best practices.

Additionally, GSWC was extremely concerned about
cyber-security issues and limitations within their current systems. We conducted cyber-security evaluations to
determine the security posture and opportunities for
improved protection of their system.

Key Project Team Members
• Jeffrey Spannbauer, PE Principal-in-Charge
• David Noellsch, PE Project Engineer
Reference: Ernie Gisler, PE Capital Program Manager
Golden State Water Company
3035 Prospect Park Dr, Ste 60, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 ( 916.853.3634 * [email protected]
SCADA System Assessment and
Preliminary Design
St. Helena, California
Cannon assessed St. Helena’s water SCADA system
through interviews, site visits, and infrastructure review.

The assessment documented system architecture,
equipment condition, operational constraints, remote
communications, alarm notification, and cybersecurity
and reliability gaps. It identified needs for better visibility at priority facilities, more dependable remote access and communications, and improved organization of network
equipment.

Cannon then developed a phased preliminary design
covering IT/OT separation, controlled remote access,
redundant servers, priority instrumentation and
communications, and future PLC, panel, and HMI
upgrades. Sequencing, a planning-level schedule, and cost estimates guided final design and implementation.

Key Project Team Members
• Jeffrey Spannbauer, PE Principal-in-Charge
• David Noellsch, PE Project Manager
• Taylor Groos, PE Project Engineer
Reference: Bruce Zaeni, PE CIP Project Manager
City of St. Helena
1088 College Avenue, St. Helena, CA 94574
( 707.968.2750 * [email protected]
Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 11 LOCSD Design-Build for SCADA
West Covina, California
Los Osos Community Services District selected Cannon
to modernize the SCADA system serving its potable
water and stormwater facilities. Cannon reviewed
documentation, verified field conditions, and developed electrical, instrumentation, control panel, network,
and server designs with District input at 50% and 90%
design workshops. The system included standardized
PLCs and OITs, a private Ethernet radio network with
cellular backup, a centralized SCADA workstation, and
selected pressure, flow, and level instrumentation. It
supports remote access, expanded alarms, cybersecurity, and future equipment additions. Cannon also procured
equipment, fabricated UL 508A control panels,
completed programming, installation, testing, startup,
and commissioning, and provided record drawings,
documentation, software backups, and operator training.

Key Project Team Members
• Jeffrey Spannbauer, PE Principal-in-Charge
• David Noellsch, PE Project Manager
• Taylor Groos, PE Project Engineer
• Angel Lopez Automation Design Engineer
Reference: Ron Munds General Manager
Los Osos CSD
2122 9th Street, Suite 102, Los Osos, CA 93402
( 805.528.9370 * [email protected]
Polonio Pass Water Treatment
Plant PLC Replacement Project,
Central Coast Water Authority
Shandon, California
Central Coast Water Authority (CCWA) operates a
43-million-gallon per day output water treatment plant
(WTP). CCWA selected Cannon to assist with design
and project implementation for replacing the existing
redundant Modicon Quantum PLC hardware at the WTP.

Cannon’s scope included designing the future construction project and monitoring the future project until
completion. The work provided by Cannon was the basis
for the full replacement of PLCs during CCWA’s annual
shutdown. Along with the physical replacement of the
PLCs, the old PLC program was converted from Modicon’s
ProWorx software to the latest Modicon programming
software, EcoStruxure Control Expert.

Since the new PLC system replacement was needed in a
short period, it was anticipated that an extensive bench test would be required prior to the replacement. Cannon developed a preliminary timeline of the activities, an
anticipated test plan, and a project budget.

Key Project Team Members
• David Noellsch, PE Project Engineer
Involved design and implementation
for PLC hardware.

Cannon developed a preliminary
timeline, anticipated test plan, and
project budget.

Reference: John Brady Deputy Director
Central Coast Water Authority
255 Industrial Way, Buellton, California, 93427
( 805.680.2116 * [email protected]
Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 12 Project Approach 4
Project Understanding
The City of St. Helena is advancing the modernization of its water system Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system from assessment and preliminary design into
final, construction-ready plans, specifications, and cost estimates. The upgraded system must support the
Louis A. Stralla Water Treatment Plant and the City’s
associated storage, pumping, well, reservoir, and remote facilities while addressing aging equipment, incomplete documentation, inconsistent instrumentation, limited
redundancy, communications dependencies, and basic
cybersecurity needs. The final design must give the City a coordinated and biddable package.

Cannon brings an important advantage to this next phase:
continuity. Our team completed the preceding SCADA
assessment and preliminary design, reviewed available
system documentation, assessed the City’s facilities,
engaged City operations staff, evaluated the existing
architecture, and developed preliminary modernization
recommendations and drawings. This background allows
us to begin final design with direct knowledge of the City’s facilities, operating priorities, identified deficiencies, and preliminary design decisions rather than repeating the
discovery already completed.

The existing system is functional with gaps, and its
configuration creates operational and maintenance risks that the final design must resolve. The SCADA server
currently communicates directly with the Main Control
Panel, Filter Control Panel, and RTU-1 at the treatment plant, while remote PLC data is routed through RTU-1. This makes RTU-1 and its associated communications paths
critical dependencies for remote-site visibility, alarming, and historical data collection. Current network diagrams, PLC-to-PLC messaging information, consolidated I/O lists, control narratives, alarm documentation, configuration
backups, and recovery procedures are limited or
unavailable.

The preliminary design is a strong technical starting point.

It includes existing and proposed network architecture
drawings, a proposed treatment plant fiber network,
preliminary panel modifications and replacements, and
preliminary bills of materials. The successful outcome
of this phase is therefore more than the completion of
drawings. The City needs a consistent, coordinated design package that:
• Defines the final SCADA and communications
architecture.
• Clearly establishes the work required at each plant and remote facility.
• Provides complete panel, instrumentation, electrical, network, and communications details.
• Standardizes hardware, naming, graphics, alarms,
documentation, and programming requirements.
• Incorporates appropriate cybersecurity and controlled remote-access requirements.
• Defines implementation, sequencing, and cutover
requirements that preserve local control and water
system operations.
• •Provides specifications, equipment schedules, bills of materials, and a defensible construction cost estimate
suitable for public bidding.

David S. Gould, PE, District
Engineer Crescenta Valley Water
Cannon’s past automation and controls
experience, experience with the selected soft
starters, and practical SCADA knowledge
provided further confidence in their abilities. I
would recommend Cannon to anyone needing
electrical engineering services.

Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 13 Approach
Cannon will use a focused, progressive design process that carries the accepted assessment findings and preliminary design forward into a complete PS&E package. Our
approach will emphasize early confirmation of design
criteria, disciplined resolution of technical decisions, continuous coordination with City staff, and quality control at defined milestones.

1. Confirm the Design Basis and Project Priorities.

We will begin with a kickoff meeting to confirm the
City’s goals, schedule, review expectations, and
implementation priorities. We will establish a designbasis and decision matrix identifying items that require City confirmation or approval, including site
priorities, phasing boundaries, preferred equipment,
operational requirements, cybersecurity criteria,
and responsibilities for related civil, electrical,
communications, and system-integration work.

2. Perform targeted field verifications. Our team will visit the Louis A. Stralla Water Treatment Plant, Stonebridge Wells, Rutherford Pump Station, and the other remote
facilities included in the project. The visits will verify conditions that materially affect final design, such as existing panel wiring details, power, conduit and cable routing, instrumentation connections, installation
constraints, and operational interfaces.

3. Finalize system architecture and standards. We will
refine the preliminary architecture into a coordinated
final design that defines the treatment plant
network, proposed fiber connections, remote-site
communications, SCADA servers and workstations,
PLC and panel interfaces, network equipment, IP
addressing requirements, communications diagnostics,
and failure alarming.

The design will address the existing dependency on
RTU-1 and identify appropriate methods for reducing
hidden dependencies and single points of failure. It will also define how critical local automatic and manual
control functions will continue during SCADA or
communications interruptions.

Standards will be defined for PLC and SCADA
tag naming, alarm priorities, HMI graphics,
communications status, panel components,
programming documentation, user access, software
and configuration backups, and record documentation.

Embedding these standards in the bid documents will
help the City obtain a consistent, supportable system
rather than a collection of site-specific solutions.

4. Establish Cybersecurity as a Basis of Design.

Cybersecurity will serve as a basis of design for the
SCADA system and will guide development of the
network architecture from the outset, rather than
being incorporated as an added feature or addressed
only through general specification requirements.

The network will be designed around defined
cybersecurity principles, including separation of
the City’s information technology systems from the
SCADA operational technology network, network
segmentation, firewall boundaries, controlled remote
access, user authentication, permitted communication
paths, configuration management, system backups,
and documented recovery procedures.

5. Develop the 60% Design Package. The 60-percent
design will translate the confirmed design basis into
coordinated plans, a preliminary bill of materials
and equipment list, a specifications outline, and an
updated construction cost estimate.

At this milestone, the design will be sufficiently
developed for the City to confirm:
• Implementation and phasing strategy.
• Final site-by-site improvements.
• Network and communications architecture.
• Panel reuse, modification, or replacement
decisions.
• Instrumentation and SCADA monitoring
requirements.
• Cybersecurity and remote-access architecture.
• Significant constructability, operational, and
budget considerations.

We will host a structured page-turn review with
City staff. Comments will be resolved before the
100-percent design is completed.

6. Develop the 100% Package. Following resolution
of the 60-percent review comments, our team will
complete the final plans, specifications, schedules, bills of materials, and construction cost estimate required
for bidding.

Depending on the final design basis, the construction
documents may include:
• Network architecture diagrams.
• Site plans including conduit and cable routing.
• Fiber, cellular, Ethernet, and other
communications requirements.
• Control-panel demolition, modification, and
Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 14 new-panel details.
• Panel layouts and bills of materials.
• Power, grounding, surge protection, and UPS requirements. • Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs)
• I/O schedules, instrument schedules, and loop or wiring details. • PLC, HMI, and SCADA functional requirements/standards. • Cybersecurity and remote-access requirements.
• Testing, documentation, backup, training, startup, and acceptance requirements. • Construction sequencing.

7. Maintain coordination and quality control. We will conduct the biweekly progress meetings required by the RFP and use them to review design status, decisions, risks, City inputs, action items, and schedule.

The work will be subject to interdisciplinary and technical quality-control reviews at the 60-percent and 100-percent milestones. Reviews will address consistency among drawings, specifications, equipment schedules, bills of materials, and cost estimates. Particular attention will be given to interfaces among electrical design, instrumentation, networking, programming standards, cybersecurity, and constructability.

Value to the City
Our approach combines detailed knowledge of the existing system with a disciplined final-design process. The City will benefit from continuity between assessment, preliminary design, and final design; targeted rather than repetitive field investigation; early resolution of operational and technical decisions; and bid documents developed by the team already familiar with the system’s architecture, deficiencies, and modernization goals.

This continuity will allow the final design to remain focused on the City’s desired outcome: a reliable, maintainable, secure, standardized, and constructible SCADA modernization package that can be competitively bid and successfully implemented.

Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 15 Scope of Work
This scope of work was developed based on the City of St. Helena’s Request for Proposals for SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of Plans, Specifications, and Estimate. The work will be organized in the following tasks:

Task 1. Project Initiation and Design
Basis
Task 1.1. Project Kickoff
• Review project goals, priorities, and success criteria. • Confirm project schedule, communication procedures,
and City review process.
• Establish the project decision, action-item, and
comment logs.

Task 1.2. Targeted Field Verification
• Confirm existing panels, equipment, instrumentation,
and communications.
• Verify power, space, conduit, cable-routing, and
installation constraints.
• Document conditions affecting final design and
construction.

Task 1.3. Final Design Basis
• Confirm the proposed SCADA and communications
architecture.
• Confirm panel reuse, modification, and replacement
requirements.
• Confirm instrumentation, monitoring, control, and
alarm requirements.
• Confirm cybersecurity, operational-continuity, and
phasing criteria.

Task 1 Deliverable: Confirmed design basis and outstanding decisions log.

Task 2. 60% Design
Task 2.1. System Architecture and Standards
• Develop the final network and communications
architecture.
• Define PLC, SCADA, HMI, alarm, and equipment
standards and functional requirements.
• Define cybersecurity and secure remote-access
requirements.
• Define backup, configuration management, and
documentation requirements.

Task 2.2. Site-Specific Designs
• Develop site plans with cable and conduit routing
• Develop panel demolition and modifications.
• Define instrumentation, I/O, power, and
communications improvements.

Task 2.3. 60% PS&E
• Prepare the 60% construction plans.
• Prepare the preliminary bill of materials and
equipment list.
• Prepare the technical specifications outline.
• Prepare the 60% opinion of probable construction
cost.

Task 2.4. 60% Review
• Perform internal interdisciplinary quality-control
review.
• Submit the 60% design package to the City.
• Conduct a design review and page-turn meeting.
• Document and resolve City review comments.

Task 2 Deliverable: 60% plans, specifications outline,
preliminary bill of materials, equipment list, and cost estimate.

Task 3. 100% Design
Task 3.1. Final Plans
• Incorporate accepted 60% review comments.
• Complete site, network, panel, power,
instrumentation, and wiring details.
• Complete I/O schedules, equipment schedules, and
bills of materials.
• Complete construction sequencing and cutover
requirements.

Task 3.2. Final Specifications
• Complete technical specifications and systemintegrator requirements. • Develop design-level control narratives and define
programming, graphics, alarms, testing, and
acceptance requirements.
• Define cybersecurity, training, documentation, and
backup requirements.
• Coordinate specifications with the final plans and
equipment schedules.

Task 3.3. Final Cost Estimate
• Update equipment and construction quantities.
• Develop the 100% opinion of probable construction
cost.
• Separate costs by phase or bid item, as applicable.
• Reconcile the estimate with the final plans and
specifications.

Exhibit A

SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 16 Task 3.4. Final Review and Submittal
• Perform final interdisciplinary and constructability
reviews.
• Resolve final City comments.
• Complete and submit the 100% PS&E package.
• Provide final electronic documents in the agreed
formats.

Task 3 Deliverable: 100% construction plans, specifications, bill of materials, equipment list, and cost estimate.

Task 4. Project Management and
Coordination
Task 4.1. Project Management
• Manage the scope, schedule, budget, and project
team.
• Maintain the decision, action-item, and comment logs. • Coordinate technical disciplines and document
production.
• Identify and address issues affecting project delivery.

Task 4.2. City Coordination
• Conduct biweekly progress meetings with City staff.
• Prepare meeting agendas and action-item summaries.
• Coordinate City-furnished information and design
decisions.
• Provide technical presentations or supporting
information, as requested.

Task 4.3. Quality Management
• Check coordination among plans, specifications, and
cost estimates.
• Verify incorporation of review comments.
• Confirm that the final documents address the
approved design basis.

Task 4 Deliverables: Biweekly progress meetings, meeting documentation, project controls, and milestone qualitycontrol reviews.

Task 5. Optional Additional Services
The base design fee assumes preparation of one
coordinated bid package, including construction
sequencing and cutover requirements. Additional services described below require separate City authorization.

A separate additive budget for two-phase delivery is
included in the fee proposal.

The base design scope includes specification requirements for contractor programming, testing, startup, training, and closeout documentation. Actual programming
development, construction-phase services, and
preparation of record drawings are included only when
separately authorized under the applicable optional task.

Task 5.1. Two-Phase Project Delivery
If elected by the City, adapt the design deliverables for implementation in two phases. The separate additive
fee identifies the assumed phase boundaries, additional deliverables and coordination, and associated schedule
impacts.

Task 5.2. Bidding and Construction Support
Upon separate authorization, provide bidding assistance, submittal reviews, responses to requests for information, construction site visits, and participation in system testing and acceptance. The scope and fee will be established
based on the City’s requested level of support and
construction schedule.

Task 5.3. Record Drawings
Upon separate authorization, prepare record drawings
based on contractor-furnished field markups and changes documented during authorized construction-phase
services.

Task 5.4. Standard PLC Function Blocks and
SCADA Objects
Upon separate authorization, develop a reusable library of standard PLC function blocks and corresponding SCADA objects for selected equipment types and functions. The work will include a City-approved library list, programming and interface conventions, configurable operating and
alarm parameters, bench testing, and documentation for
use by the system integrator.

Deliverables for Optional Task 5:
• Optional Task 5.1 - Task would include two complete
and independent bid packages to accomodate twophase constrution and construction support. • Optional Task 5.2 - Acceptance testing support
documentation.
• Optional Task 5.3 - Record drawings based on
contractor redline comments.
• Optional Task 5.4 -Editable source files, a
demonstration application, and documentation
describing configuration, interfaces, and test
results. Cannon can provide templates to guide the
contractor’s site-specific application programming,
integration, field deployment, and commissioning
under a “parts and smarts” approach. Alternatively,
Cannon can perform these services directly, with the
scope and fee negotiated at a later date.

Exhibit A

Project Schedule
SCADA System Final Design and Preparation of PS&E Cannon 17 5 ID Task
Mode
WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish
1 1 Project Initiation and Design Basis 12 days Thu 10/15/26 Fri 10/30/26 2 1.1 Project Kickoff 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26
3 1.2 Targeted Field Verification 5 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 10/23/26 4 1.3 Final Design Basis 5 days Mon 10/26/26 Fri 10/30/26 5 1.4 Design Basis Confirmed 0 days Fri 10/30/26 Fri 10/30/26 6 2 60% Design 40 days Mon 10/26/26 Tue 12/29/26
7 2.1 System Architecture and Standards 15 days Mon 10/26/26 Mon 11/16/26 8 2.2 Site-Specific Design 25 days Mon 11/2/26 Wed 12/9/26 9 2.3 60% PS&E 15 days Tue 11/17/26 Wed 12/9/26
10 2.4 60% Review 10 days Thu 12/10/26 Tue 12/29/26
11 2.4.1 City 60% Review and Page-Turn Meeting 7 days Thu 12/10/26 Fri 12/18/26 12 2.4.2 Resolve 60% Comments and Design Decisions 3 days Mon 12/21/26 Tue 12/29/26 13 2.5 Submit 60% Design Package 0 days Wed 12/9/26 Wed 12/9/26 14 2.6 60% Review and Design Decisions Complete 0 days Tue 12/29/26 Tue 12/29/26 15 3 100% Design 30 days Wed 12/30/26 Fri 2/12/27
16 3.1 Final Plans 20 days Wed 12/30/26 Fri 1/29/27
17 3.2 Final Specifications 20 days Wed 12/30/26 Fri 1/29/27 18 3.3 Final Cost Estimate 5 days Tue 1/26/27 Mon 2/1/27 19 3.4 Final Review and Submittal 14 days Tue 1/26/27 Fri 2/12/27 20 3.4.1 Internal Final QC and Constructability Review 5 days Tue 1/26/27 Mon 2/1/27 21 3.4.2 City Final Review 5 days Tue 2/2/27 Mon 2/8/27 22 3.4.3 Final Corrections and Bid-Ready Package Assembly 4 days Tue 2/9/27 Fri 2/12/27 23 3.5 100% Review Package Complete and Submitted 0 days Mon 2/1/27 Mon 2/1/27 24 3.6 Final Bid-Ready PS&E Submitted 0 days Fri 2/12/27 Fri 2/12/27 25 4 Project Management and Coordination 75 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 2/12/27 26 4.1 Project Management 75 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 2/12/27 27 4.2 City Coordination 75 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 2/12/27 28 4.3 Quality Management 75 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 2/12/27 29 5 Optional Additional Services 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26 30 5.1 Two-Phase Project Delivery 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26 31 5.2 Bidding and Construction Support 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26 32 5.3 Record Drawings 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26
33 5.4 Standard PLC Function Blocks and SCADA Objects 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26 10/30
12/9
12/29
2/1
2/12
7 12 17 22 27 1 6 11 16 21 26 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 5 10 15 20 25 30 4 9 14 19 24 October 2026 November 2026 December 2026 January 2027 February 2027 Task
Split
Milestone
Summary
Project Summary
Inactive Task
Inactive Milestone
Inactive Summary
Manual Task
Duration-only
Manual Summary Rollup
Manual Summary
Start-only
Finish-only
External Tasks
External Milestone
Deadline
Progress
Manual Progress

Project: St Helena SCADA Final
Date: Wed 9/23/26
ID Task
Mode
WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish
1 1 Project Initiation and Design Basis 12 days Thu 10/15/26 Fri 10/30/26 2 1.1 Project Kickoff 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26
3 1.2 Targeted Field Verification 5 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 10/23/26 4 1.3 Final Design Basis 5 days Mon 10/26/26 Fri 10/30/26 5 1.4 Design Basis Confirmed 0 days Fri 10/30/26 Fri 10/30/26 6 2 60% Design 40 days Mon 10/26/26 Tue 12/29/26
7 2.1 System Architecture and Standards 15 days Mon 10/26/26 Mon 11/16/26 8 2.2 Site-Specific Design 25 days Mon 11/2/26 Wed 12/9/26 9 2.3 60% PS&E 15 days Tue 11/17/26 Wed 12/9/26
10 2.4 60% Review 10 days Thu 12/10/26 Tue 12/29/26
11 2.4.1 City 60% Review and Page-Turn Meeting 7 days Thu 12/10/26 Fri 12/18/26 12 2.4.2 Resolve 60% Comments and Design Decisions 3 days Mon 12/21/26 Tue 12/29/26 13 2.5 Submit 60% Design Package 0 days Wed 12/9/26 Wed 12/9/26 14 2.6 60% Review and Design Decisions Complete 0 days Tue 12/29/26 Tue 12/29/26 15 3 100% Design 30 days Wed 12/30/26 Fri 2/12/27
16 3.1 Final Plans 20 days Wed 12/30/26 Fri 1/29/27
17 3.2 Final Specifications 20 days Wed 12/30/26 Fri 1/29/27 18 3.3 Final Cost Estimate 5 days Tue 1/26/27 Mon 2/1/27 19 3.4 Final Review and Submittal 14 days Tue 1/26/27 Fri 2/12/27 20 3.4.1 Internal Final QC and Constructability Review 5 days Tue 1/26/27 Mon 2/1/27 21 3.4.2 City Final Review 5 days Tue 2/2/27 Mon 2/8/27 22 3.4.3 Final Corrections and Bid-Ready Package Assembly 4 days Tue 2/9/27 Fri 2/12/27 23 3.5 100% Review Package Complete and Submitted 0 days Mon 2/1/27 Mon 2/1/27 24 3.6 Final Bid-Ready PS&E Submitted 0 days Fri 2/12/27 Fri 2/12/27 25 4 Project Management and Coordination 75 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 2/12/27 26 4.1 Project Management 75 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 2/12/27 27 4.2 City Coordination 75 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 2/12/27 28 4.3 Quality Management 75 days Mon 10/19/26 Fri 2/12/27 29 5 Optional Additional Services 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26 30 5.1 Two-Phase Project Delivery 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26 31 5.2 Bidding and Construction Support 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26 32 5.3 Record Drawings 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26
33 5.4 Standard PLC Function Blocks and SCADA Objects 1 day Thu 10/15/26 Thu 10/15/26 10/30
12/9
12/29
2/1
2/12
7 12 17 22 27 1 6 11 16 21 26 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 5 10 15 20 25 30 4 9 14 19 24 October 2026 November 2026 December 2026 January 2027 February 2027 Task
Split
Milestone
Summary
Project Summary
Inactive Task
Inactive Milestone
Inactive Summary
Manual Task
Duration-only
Manual Summary Rollup
Manual Summary
Start-only
Finish-only
External Tasks
External Milestone
Deadline
Progress
Manual Progress

Project: St Helena SCADA Final
Date: Wed 9/23/26
Exhibit A

Cannon
1050 Southwood Drive
San Luis Obispo, CA 93401
805.544.7407
Reliable
Responsive
Solutions
Exhibit A

Fee Summary Fee Hours

1. Initiation and Design Basis $37,900 142

2. 60% Design $100,052 476

3. 100% Design $79,444 372

4. Project Management and Coordination $18,496 72
BASE DESIGN TOTAL $235,892 1,062

5.1 Two-Phase Delivery - Additive $13,075 61
BASE PLUS TWO-PHASE ADDITIVE $248,967 1,123

OTHER OPTIONAL SERVICES - SEPARATE

5.2 Bidding and Construction Support $26,410 112

5.3 Record Drawings $14,086 70

5.4 Standard PLC Blocks and SCADA Objects $41,180 188
Exhibit A

Agenda Report to the City Council
Agenda Section: PUBLIC HEARINGS
Department: Public Works Department
DATE: October 13, 2026
FROM: Eric Janzen, Asst. PW Director
SUBJECT: Introduce and waive the first reading of an ordinance amending Section 3.04.210 (Bidding procedures for various project amounts) by adding Subsection D (Design-Build) and adding Section

3.04.245 (Design-build contracts) to the St. Helena Municipal Code to authorize design-build project delivery in accordance with state law and adopting a design-build organizational conflict of interest policy.

RECOMMENDED
ACTION:

Introduce the Ordinance and waive first reading.

PREVIOUS COUNCIL
ACTION:

None

STATEMENT OF THE
PURPOSE:

Adoption of an Ordinance Authorizing Design-Build Project Delivery and Adopting a Design-Build Organizational Conflict-ofInterest Policy.

FINANCIAL IMPACT: Approval of the Ordinance and adoption of the Design-Build Organizational Conflict-of-Interest Policy do not, by themselves, have a current fiscal impact. Costs associated with any future design-build procurement or project would be considered as part of the applicable project authorization and budget.

CEQA DETERMINATION: Not a CEQA Project (CEQA Guidelines §15378) BACKGROUND:

Public construction projects are traditionally procured through the design-bid-build process, in which separate firms design and construct a project. Design-build is an alternative projectdelivery method in which responsibility for design and construction is combined within the design-build team. Potential advantages of design-build may include reducing the overall time required to complete a project, allowing selection based on qualifications, experience and cost, and reducing change-order claims.

The City desires to have design-build available as a project-delivery option for eligible public works projects when the City Council determines that use of the method is appropriate. The

proposed Ordinance identifies the applicable Public Contract Code authority for local-agency design-build procurements and amends the St. Helena Municipal Code so that qualifying projects may be procured using design-build upon City Council approval and in accordance with applicable state law.

Public Contract Code section 22162(c) requires a local agency entering into design-build contracts under the statutory design-build framework to develop guidelines for a standard organizational conflict-of-interest policy addressing whether a person or entity that performs services relating to the solicitation of a design-build project may submit a proposal as a designbuild entity or join a design-build team. The proposed Ordinance therefore also adopts the City’s Design-Build Organizational Conflict-of-Interest Policy as Exhibit “A.” DISCUSSION:

Design-Build Authorization. The proposed Ordinance adds subsection D to Municipal Code Section 3.04.210. The new subsection provides that, notwithstanding the formal bidding provisions otherwise applicable under that section, a public work project that is eligible for design-build delivery under applicable state law may be procured by design-build upon approval of the City Council and in compliance with all applicable requirements of state law.

The Ordinance also adds new Section 3.04.245 governing design-build contracts. The new section provides that each design-build solicitation, evaluation, award and contract must comply with applicable state law. It further makes clear that authorization of design-build does not establish a preference for design-build over any other lawful project-delivery or procurement method.

Organizational Conflict-of-Interest Policy. Exhibit “A” to the Ordinance establishes the City’s policy for identifying, disclosing, evaluating and addressing organizational conflicts of interest in connection with design-build procurements. The policy recognizes that an organizational conflict may arise where a proposer is unable or potentially unable to provide impartial assistance or advice to the City, where the proposer’s objectivity may be impaired, or where the proposer may have an unfair competitive advantage.

Among other provisions, the policy identifies circumstances in which a potential proposer will not be permitted to participate as a design-build entity or join a design-build team, including when the proposer is serving as the City’s design consultant or owner’s representative for the project, is assisting with procurement or management of the project, is subject to a contractual restriction on participation, is performing project oversight for another entity or stakeholder, or would violate applicable conflict-of-interest requirements.

The policy also requires proposers with potential conflicts to disclose relevant facts concerning their team and prior work on the project, provide project-related records when required, and ensure that contracts for potentially conflicting project services have expired or been terminated. The City Manager is authorized to determine whether an organizational conflict of interest exists. A City Manager's determination may be appealed to the City Council, whose decision is final under the policy.

The policy continues to apply after the award. A successful proposer must promptly disclose an organizational conflict discovered after the award and identify measures taken or proposed to avoid or mitigate the conflict. The policy also restricts the successful proposer and affiliated firms, as well as design subconsultants, from competing for City construction-inspection services for the same design-build project.

Administration. The Ordinance authorizes the City Manager, in consultation with the City Attorney, to administer and implement the policy and to adopt administrative procedures, forms and solicitation provisions that are consistent with the policy and applicable law. The Ordinance does not delegate to the City Manager any City Council approval that is required by state law for the use of design-build on a particular project.

ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW:

Not a CEQA Project (CEQA Guidelines §15378)
GOAL:

Goal 1: Strengthen Financial Sustainability
Goal 2: Improve Infrastructure & Further Environmental Sustainability Goal 7: Enhance Organizational Effectiveness
Goal 8: Implement Capital Improvement Plans (CIP) Projects Miscellaneous/Other ATTACHMENTS:

1. St. Helena - Ordinance No. __ Authorizing Design Build and COI Policy-c1.BBK version

ORDINANCE NO. 2026-___
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ST. HELENA AMENDING MUNICIPAL CODE SECTION 3.04.210 AND ADDING SECTION 3.04.245 OF THE ST.

HELENA MUNICIPAL CODE TO AUTHORIZE DESIGN-BUILD PROJECT DELIVERY IN

ACCORDANCE WITH STATE LAW AND ADOPTING A DESIGN-BUILD ORGANIZATIONAL

CONFLICT-OF-INTEREST POLICY
WHEREAS, the City of St. Helena, California ("City") is a municipal corporation duly organized under the Constitution and laws of the State of California; and WHEREAS, Public Contract Code §§ 22160 et seq, Public Contract Code §§ 22170, and Public Contract Code §§ 22185 et seq. provides authority for cities and other local agencies to use the design-build method of project delivery for eligible projects, subject to the requirements of those chapters; and
WHEREAS, Public Contract Code Section 22162(c) requires a local agency contracting thereunder to develop guidelines for “a standard organizational conflict-of-interest policy, consistent with applicable law, regarding the ability of a person or entity that performs services” for the City relating to the solicitation to submit a proposal WHEREAS, California Public Contract Code Section 22160 states that the design-build authorization does not establish a preference for design-build over other procurement methodologies; and
WHEREAS, the City Council desires to authorize design-build as an available projectdelivery method for eligible City public works projects without imposing local procurement requirements beyond those required by applicable state law; and WHEREAS, the City Council further desires to adopt the Design-Build Organizational Conflict-of-Interest Policy attached as Exhibit “A” to this Ordinance and to authorize the City Manager to administer and implement that policy consistent with applicable law.

NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of St. Helena does hereby ordain as follows:

Section 1. Recitals.

The above recitals are incorporated into this Ordinance as though fully set forth herein.

Section 2. Amendment to Section 3.04.210.

Subsection D is added to Section 3.04.210 of the St. Helena Municipal Code to read as follows:

D. Design-Build. Notwithstanding subsection C or any other provision of this chapter, a public work project that is eligible for design-build delivery under Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 22160) of Part 3 of Division 2 of the California Public Contract Code, or any successor state law, may be procured by design-build upon approval of the city council and in accordance with all applicable requirements of state law.

Section 3. Design-Build Contract Procedures.

Section 3.04.245 is added to the St. Helena Municipal Code to read as follows:

3.04.245 Design-build contracts
A. The City may use design-build project delivery for eligible public work projects pursuant to Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 22160) of Part 3 of Division 2 of the California Public Contract Code, or any successor state law. Each design-build solicitation, evaluation, award, and contract shall comply with all applicable requirements of state law.

B. Nothing in this section establishes a preference for design-build over any other lawful project-delivery or procurement method.

C. The organizational conflict-of-interest policy adopted by the City Council for design-build procurements shall apply to each City design-build procurement.

Section 4. Design-Build Organizational Conflict-of-Interest Policy.

The City Council hereby adopts the Design-Build Organizational Conflict-of-Interest Policy attached to this Ordinance as Exhibit “A” and incorporated herein by reference. The policy shall apply to each design-build procurement conducted by the City pursuant to the California Public Contract Code, or any successor state law.

Section 5. Administration.

The City Manager, in consultation with the City Attorney, is authorized and directed to administer and implement the Design-Build Organizational Conflict-of-Interest Policy and may adopt administrative procedures, forms, and solicitation provisions consistent with the policy and applicable law. This authority does not authorize the City Manager to approve use of design-build for a project where approval of the City Council is required by state law.

Section 6. California Environmental Quality Act.

The City Council finds that adoption of this Ordinance is not a “project” within the meaning of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) because it establishes administrative procurement procedures and does not commit the City to any particular public works project or physical change in the environment. (CEQA Guidelines, § 15378(b)(5).) Section 7. Severability.

If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase of this Ordinance is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a decision of any court of competent jurisdiction, that decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Ordinance. The City Council declares that it would have adopted this Ordinance and each section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase thereof irrespective of the fact that any one or more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses, or phrases may be declared invalid or unconstitutional.

Section 8. Effective Date and Publication.

This Ordinance shall take effect thirty (30) days from and after its adoption. The City Clerk shall cause this Ordinance to be posted and published in accordance with applicable law.

THE FOREGOING ORDINANCE was introduced at a regular meeting of the St. Helena City Council on the ___ day of __________, 2026, and was adopted at a regular meeting of the St.

Helena City Council on the ___ day of __________, 2026, by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSENT:

ABSTAIN:

APPROVED: ATTEST:
______________________________
Paul Jamison Dohring, Mayor
______________________________
City Clerk

EXHIBIT “A”

DESIGN BUILD CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY

CONFLICT-OF-INTEREST POLICY COVERING

DESIGN-BUILD PROJECTS
The purpose of this document is to clarify the City of St. Helena’s (“City”) position on potential conflicts-of-interest that may arise when consultants or contractors (collectively, “Proposer”) perform work for the City relating to potential design-build projects (“DesignBuild Project”).

Organizational conflicts-of-interest can occur when, because of existing or planned activities or because of relationships with other entities, a Proposer is unable or potentially unable to render impartial assistance or advise the City; a Proposer’s objectivity in performing the contract work is or might be otherwise impaired; or a Proposer has an unfair competitive advantage.

The policies and guidelines concerning the organizational conflicts-of-interest found herein may be specified or referenced in the Request for Qualifications (“RFQ”) and/or Request for Proposal (“RFP”) documents for a Design-Build Project as well as any contract for the engineering/design services, inspection, or technical support in the administration of a Design-Build Project.

Resolution of conflict-of-interest issues is ultimately at the sole discretion of the City. City reserves the right to cancel or amend the resulting contract(s) if a successful Proposer failed to disclose a potential conflict, which it knew or should have known about, or if a Proposer provided information in response to an inquiry from the City that is false or misleading.

After award, conflict-of-interest guidelines and policies shall continue to be monitored and enforced. If an organizational conflict-of-interest is discovered after award, the Proposer will make an immediate and full written disclosure to the City that includes a description of the action that the Proposer has taken or proposes to take to avoid or mitigate such conflicts. If an organizational conflict-of-interest is determined to exist and the Proposer was aware of an organizational conflict-of-interest prior to award of the contract and did not disclose the conflict-of-interest, the City may terminate the contract with the Proposer for material breach. If the Proposer is terminated, the City assumes no obligations, responsibilities and liabilities to reimburse all or part of the costs incurred or alleged to have been incurred by the Proposer.

APPROACH
The following approach to conflict-of-interest will apply to City procurements relating to a Design-Build Project:

I. A potential Proposer will not be allowed to participate as a design-build entity or to

join a design-build team if, without limitation, any of the following is true:

A. Proposer is the City’s design consultant, owner’s representative, or otherwise providing contractual services on the Design-Build Project.

B. Proposer is assisting in the procurement and/or management of the DesignBuild Project, including the preparation of the RFQ and/or RFP language or evaluation criteria.

C. Proposer has performed work on a previous contract that specifically excludes them from participating as a design-build entity or joining a designbuild team on the Design-Build Project.

D. Proposer is under contract with any other entity or stakeholder to perform oversight on the Design-Build Project.

E. Proposer would violate applicable federal and state conflict-of-interest rules and regulations by participating as a design-build entity or joining a designbuild team.

II. Proposers who may have potential conflicts-of-interest in relation to a Design-Build Project and wish to participate as a design-build entity or join a design-build team must:

A. Conform to applicable federal and state conflict-of-interest rules and regulations including, without limitation, the California Political Reform Act, California Government Code Section 1090, the federal Copeland “AntiKickback” Act and federal conflict-of-interest rules set forth in the federal funding agency’s administrative grant and cooperative agreement regulations. Federal conflict-of-interest rules and regulations shall only apply where the Design-Build Project receives federal funding.

B. Disclose all relevant facts relating to past, present or planned interest(s) of the Proposer’s team (including the Proposer, Proposer’s proposed consultants, contractors, subconsultants and/or subcontractors and their respective chief executives, directors and key personnel) which may result, or could be viewed as an organizational conflict-of-interest in connection with any Design-Build Project procurement, including present or planned contractual or employment relationships with any current employee of the City.

C. Disclose in the response documents to an RFQ and/or RFP for a DesignBuild Project, all of the work performed in relation to the Design-Build Project being procured under the RFQ and/or RFP, when requested.

D. Provide all records of the work performed in relation to the Design-Build Project to the City so that all information can be evaluated and made

available to all potential design-build teams, if necessary.

E. Ensure that the Proposer’s contract with any entity to perform services related to the Design-Build Project has expired or has been terminated.

Upon review of the information provided above, the City Manager will determine, in his or her sole discretion, if the Proposer has an organizational conflict-ofinterest. Decisions of the City Manager regarding organizational conflicts-ofinterest may be appealed to the City Council. The decision of the City Council shall be final with respect to the disposition of the organizational conflict-of-interest and non-appealable.

III. For other potential conflicts-of-interest not mentioned above (e.g. employee changing companies, merger/acquisitions of firms, property ownership, business arrangements, financial interest), Proposers shall disclose and address any conflicts-of-interest or potential conflicts-of-interest when participating as a designbuild entity or joining a design-build team. City will then determine if an organizational conflict-of-interest exists.

IV. The successful Proposer or firms affiliated with the successful Proposer are prohibited from competing on any agreement to provide construction inspection services for the Design-Build Project. An affiliated firm is one, which is subject to the control of the same persons, through joint ownership or otherwise. No subconsultants who are providing design services in connection with the DesignBuild Project shall be eligible to compete for any agreement with the City to provide construction inspection services for the Design-Build Project.

V. The forgoing shall not constitute a limitation on the obligations of the Proposer in relation to organizational conflicts-of-interest.

Agenda Report to the City Council
Agenda Section: NEW BUSINESS
Department: Administrative Services Department
DATE: October 13, 2026
FROM: Martin Beltran, Finance Manager
SUBJECT: Proposed approval of a Resolution approving an Employment Agreement with Justin Tharp, ratifying the City Manager's appointment to serve as the Chief of Police.

RECOMMENDED
ACTION:

Staff recommends approval of the attached resolution.

PREVIOUS COUNCIL
ACTION:

None.

STATEMENT OF THE
PURPOSE:

The purpose is to ratify the City Manager's appointment of Justin Tharp to serve as the Chief of Police.

FINANCIAL IMPACT: Funding for this position is included in the FY 2026-27 adopted budget.

CEQA DETERMINATION: Not a CEQA Project (CEQA Guidelines §15378) BACKGROUND:

The Chief of Police position, which oversees the Police Department, became vacant following the previous Chief of Police, Chris Hartley's retirement in April 2026. This leadership role is essential to ensuring the delivery of professional, responsive, and community-focused public safety services. The Chief of Police is responsible for the protection of life and property, the maintenance of order, prevention and control of crime, and enforcement of vehicle laws and regulations. The position also provides leadership in staff development and organizational effectiveness, while ensuring that police services continue to meet the needs of St. Helena residents. The Interim City Manager appointed Lieutenant Justin Tharp to serve as Interim Chief of Police in April 2026.

Following the vacancy, staff conducted an evaluation of recruitment options. Based on the operational needs of the department, the importance of continuity in leadership, and the value of institutional knowledge, the Interim City Manager determined that an internal process be considered first before any external recruitment process.

After working with Justin Tharp over a six-month period as the Interim Chief of Police, the Interim City Manager determined that Tharp possessed the skills, experience, and leadership

capacity necessary for the permanent role and has appointed Justin Tharp as Chief of Police.

DISCUSSION:

On September 22, 2026, Interim City Manager, Jim McCann appointed Justin Tharp as Chief of Police. Justin Tharp has dedicated more than two decades of service to the City of St.

Helena Police Department, beginning his career as a police officer in October 2002. Over the years, Tharp has steadily risen through the department's ranks, serving as Lieutenant since 2020 before taking on the interim Chief of Police duties in April 2026. His extensive local experience, deep institutional knowledge, and steadfast commitment to public safety make him exceptionally qualified to lead the department permanently into the future.

Tharp is a 2023 graduate of the FBI National Academy, a prestigious professional development program for law enforcement executives conducted in Quantico, Virginia. The academy brings together select police leaders from across the United States and around the world for an intensive 10-week curriculum focused on executive leadership, advanced investigative techniques, and organizational strategy.

In addition to his professional achievements, Tharp earned a Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice from Liberty University in October 2025 and holds an Associate of Arts in Political Science and Government from Napa Valley College. He is also an active participant in local civic leadership and in June 2026 graduated as a member of Leadership Napa Valley’s Class

38. As Chief of Police, Tharp will be responsible for the overall administration, operations, personnel, policies, and public safety functions of the St. Helena Police Department, consistent with the City’s goals related to service delivery, community engagement, and quality of life.

ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW:

None.

GOAL:

Goal 6: Improve Employee Recruitment, Retention, & Morale ATTACHMENTS:

1. Attachment 1: Resolution - Chief of Police Contract Ratification

2. Attachment 2: Employment Agreement JTharp

CITY OF ST. HELENA
RESOLUTION NO. 2026-__
Resolution approving an Employment Agreement with Justin Tharp, ratifying the Interim City Manager’s appointment to serve as the Chief of Police.

RECITALS
A. In April 2026, the Chief of Police position, which oversees the Police Department, became vacant following the previous Chief of Police's retirement; and B. This leadership role is essential to ensuring the delivery of professional, responsive, and community-focused public safety services; and C. To ensure uninterrupted operations and continued progress, Justin Tharp was appointed Interim Chief of Police in April 2026; and
D. On September 22, 2026, the Interim City Manager appointed Justin Tharp as Chief of Police; and
E. The Interim City Manager seeks the City Council’s ratification of the action.

RESOLUTION
NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of St. Helena resolves as follows:

1. Authorize the Interim City Manager to enter into an employment agreement effective October 13, 2026, with Justin Tharp to serve as the City’s Chief of Police.

Approved at a Regular Meeting of the St. Helena City Council on October 13, 2026, by the following vote:

Mayor Dohring:

Vice Mayor Deasy:

Council Member Barak:

Council Member Spadarotto:

Council Member Diaz:

APPROVED: ATTEST:
________________________ ________________________
Paul Jamison Dohring, Mayor Andrew Bradley, City Clerk

Justin Tharp Employment Agreement
City of St. Helena

83578.00009\45505211.1

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT FOR CHIEF OF POLICE
Between
CITY OF ST. HELENA AND JUSTIN THARP
THIS EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (the Agreement) is entered into as of October 13, 2026, between THE CITY OF ST. HELENA, a municipal corporation (City), and Justin Tharp (Chief), collectively “the Parties”.

RECITALS
WHEREAS, City desires to employ Justin Tharp as Chief of Police for the City of St. Helena.

WHEREAS, Justin Tharp desires to serve as Chief of Police of the City of St.

Helena beginning on October 13, 2026.

WHEREAS Justin Tharp has the necessary education, experience, skills and expertise to serve as the City’s Chief of Police; and
WHEREAS, The City Manager, as appointing power, and Justin Tharp desire to agree in writing to the terms and conditions of Justin Tharp’s employment as the Chief of Police.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the above recitals, promises and conditions contained herein, the Parties agree as follows:

AGREEMENT

1. Powers and Duties of the Chief of Police
a) The Chief of Police shall have the powers and shall perform the functions and duties specified in the job description and in state and federal law, the St. Helena Municipal Code, and the ordinances and resolutions of City, as well as to perform other legally permissible and proper duties and functions as the City Manager may from time-to-time assign.
b) The Chief shall perform the duties to the best ability in accordance with the professional and ethical standards of the profession and shall comply with the laws of the State of California, the Municipal Code of the City, and Ordinances and Resolutions of the City, and as they may be amended.
c) The Chief shall not engage in any activity which is or may become a conflict of interest, prohibited contract, or which may create an incompatibility of office as defined under California law. Prior to performing any services under the Agreement

Justin Tharp Employment Agreement
City of St. Helena

83578.00009\45505211.1
and annually thereafter, the Chief must complete disclosure forms required by law. d) The Chief shall report to the City Manager who has authority to dismiss, discipline, and give direction to the Chief of Police.
e) The Chief shall devote full time to the performance of the assigned duties; the Chief shall notify the City Manager of any outside employment, which employment shall not interfere with the Chief’s City job duties, pose a conflict of interest, or be inappropriate for a City employee.
f) The Chief shall maintain all applicable certifications and licenses required for the Chief of Police, as a condition of employment, including a valid California Driver’s License. at.

2. Term
The Agreement is effective as of the latest date of signature below, with an initial employment date of October 13, 2026, and will continue in effect until terminated as provided herein. As stated in Section 3, the Chief’s employment is for no defined term or period, and may be terminated by the City Manager at any time pursuant to Section 4.

For purposes of Section 4 and Government Code Section 53260 only, the Chief’s employment shall be deemed to have an unexpired term of three (3) months in the event of involuntary termination without cause pursuant to Section 4 (c).

3. At-Will Employment
a) The Parties recognize and affirm that: (1) the Chief is an “at will” employee whose employment may be terminated by the City Manager at any time with or without cause, (2) there is no express or implied promise made to the Chief for any form of continued employment, and (3) upon termination of the Agreement, the Chief understands that there is no right to any further employment, in any capacity, with the City. The Agreement is the sole and exclusive basis for an employment relationship between the Chief and the City.
b) Termination for cause means termination based upon a breach of any of the terms of this Agreement, malfeasance of any nature occurring during the course and scope of the Chief's duties as Chief of Police; or a conviction, plea bargain, or personal adverse State or federal determination against the Chief individually involving any felony, intentional tort, crime of moral turpitude, violation of statute or law constituting forfeiture of office, misconduct in office for personal gain, misuse of public funds for personal benefit, conflict of interest resulting in conviction, or any other incompatible activity or conflict of interest.

Justin Tharp Employment Agreement
City of St. Helena

83578.00009\45505211.1

4. Termination of Agreement
The Agreement may be terminated as follows:
a) By Mutual Agreement. The City Manager and the Chief may terminate this Agreement at any time by mutual written agreement.
b) Termination by City. The City Manager may, in sole and unrestricted discretion, terminate this Agreement with or without cause at any time upon written notice to the Chief, in compliance with the provisions of Government Code Section 3304(c). c) Severance. Subject to the limitations of Government Code Sections 53260 and 53261, if the City Manager terminates this Agreement without cause while the Chief is still willing and able to perform the duties of Chief of Police, the Chief shall be eligible to receive three (3) months’ base salary, less applicable deductions, plus leaves subject to cash out as provided in this Agreement, together with any extension of benefits required under California and federal law. No time worked by the Chief after notice of the termination shall be debited from the period of severance pay. Eligibility for such severance payment is expressly conditioned upon Chief’s execution, and non-revocation, of a written agreement for (i) a waiver and release of any and all claims against City, (and its officers, elected officials, employees, etc.) to the full extent permitted by law, and (ii) a covenant not to sue. (An appropriate written agreement will be prepared by the City Attorney and furnished to Chief.) However, in the event the Chief is terminated for cause,the Chief shall be entitled to only the compensation earned and accrued and such termination benefits and payments as may be required by law, but shall not be entitled to any severance benefits.
d) Resignation by Chief. Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent, limit or otherwise interfere with the right of Chief to resign at any time from the position as Chief of Police. Chief may terminate this Agreement by submitting written notice of resignation to City. As a courtesy, Chief shall give the City a minimum of thirty (30) days written notice of intention to resign or retire. e) Rights and Remedies of Chief upon Termination. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to, or does, confer upon the Chief any due process right to a hearing or other administrative process pertaining to termination, before or after a decision by the City to terminate employment, except as may be required under California or federal law. The Chief may appeal a determination of for-cause termination to the City Council for the sole purpose of qualifying for severance pay; the City Council shall not have the authority to overturn the termination. f) Resignation in Lieu of Termination. The Chief shall have the opportunity to resign in lieu of being terminated without cause. In such an event, any public

Justin Tharp Employment Agreement
City of St. Helena

83578.00009\45505211.1
announcement issued by the City will state that the Chief resigned, and the Chief would remain eligible for severance as provided in subsection (c) above. g) Administrative Leave. The City Manager may place the Chief on administrative leave with or without pay pending investigation of any allegations of misconduct.

5. Compensation and Benefits.
(a) City agrees to pay the Chief for services pursuant to the City’s publicly available salary schedule for the Chief. Effective October 13, 2026, the Chief shall be placed at Step B of the Chief of Police annual salary schedule (currently $220,045). Salary for the Chief shall be payable in pro rata installments at the same time as other employees of City are paid and subject to all applicable payroll taxes and withholdings. Such salary may be adjusted from time to time at the sole discretion of the City Manager within the publicly available salary schedule. The Chief shall be an “exempt” employee under all applicable state and federal labor laws, including, but not limited to, the Federal Labor Standards Act and the regulations of the California Industrial Welfare Commission. (b) Performance Review. The City Manager shall evaluate the Chief’s performance approximately October 13, 2027, and at least annually thereafter. (c) CalPERS. The Chief shall continue to be included in the City's Miscellaneous Plan with the California Public Employees' Retirement System ("CalPERS") as a Classic Member (3%@50), as described in the Unrepresented Compensation Program. The Chief shall contribute the total “employee contribution,” and any applicable cost sharing requirements applicable to City Department Heads as set forth in the Unrepresented Compensation Program (currently 1% cost sharing) and applicable law. The City must comply with the requirements of law and CalPERS rules and regulations governing the CalPERS retirement program and makes no promises regarding any particular level of benefits that will be provided under that program.
(d) The City participates in Social Security; the employee contribution (currently 6.2%) will be deducted from the Chief’s gross pay.
(e) The Chief shall be entitled to all benefits, rights and privileges accorded to Department Heads as set forth in the Unrepresented Compensation Program, as may be amended from time to time, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement or as they may conflict with the Chief’s status as an “At-will” employee.

If there is any conflict between this Agreement and any resolution or policy fixing compensation and benefits for City Department Heads or other unclassified employees, this Agreement shall control.

Justin Tharp Employment Agreement
City of St. Helena

83578.00009\45505211.1
(f) The Chief shall receive full vacation accrual of that which a regular full-time employee accumulates in accordance with the full-time vacation entitlement schedule in accordance with the City’s Unrepresented Compensation Program for Department Heads and Mid-Managers. The maximum amount of accrued vacation may not exceed 280 hours. Accrued but unused vacation leave will be paid out at separation.
(g) The Chief shall receive full accruals that Departments Heads receive for personal convenience holidays (floating holidays) in accordance with City’s Unrepresented Compensation Program for Department Heads and Mid-Managers. Floating holidays have no cash value at separation and must be used in the year accrued or the time shall be forfeited.
(h) The Chief shall receive five (5) days of executive leave awarded January 1st and five (5) additional days of executive leave awarded on July 1st of each full year.

Executive leave has no cash value at separation and must be used in the year accrued or the time shall be forfeited.
(i) The Chief shall be entitled to twelve (12) days sick leave each year in accordance with the City’s Unrepresented Compensation Program for Department Heads and Mid-Managers. At separation, accrued but unused sick leave may be used only for those purposes specified in the City’s Unrepresented Compensation Program for Department Heads and Mid-Managers, except as otherwise required by law. (j) For purpose of calculating vacation accruals, personal convenience holidays; shall be based on the Chief’s initial date of hire with the City which is October 14, 2002.
(k) Vehicle Allowance. The Chief will have access and full use of a City vehicle for City business and may drive the City vehicle home so that the City vehicle will be available for use for City business outside of regular business hours. The City vehicle may not be driven out of the jurisdiction except for City business, and may not be used for more than de minimis personal business. (l) Communications. The Chief will have the use of a City cellular phone and iPad pursuant to policies established by the City.
(m) Professional Development and Training. City shall pay for the Chief’s annual training and membership to essential professional associations, as determined in the discretion of the City Manager within available, budgeted funds. (n) Hours of Work. The Chief is an exempt, full-time employee but is expected to engage in those hours of work that are necessary to fulfill the obligations of the Chief’s position. If mutually agreed to between the City Manager and Chief, Chief

Justin Tharp Employment Agreement
City of St. Helena

83578.00009\45505211.1
may have a modified work schedule, such as 4/10 or 9/80 or have the opportunity to telecommute as deemed appropriate by the City Manager.

6. Return of City Property
In the event of termination, any City equipment or property will be promptly returned to the City. In addition, any and all finished and unfinished documents, data, reports and materials are the property of the City and shall be promptly delivered to the City Manager. The Chief shall keep all confidential information acquired through their position (e.g. personnel or proprietary information) in the strictest confidence.

7. Indemnification
To the extent required by, and in accordance with the terms, conditions, and limitations of the Government Claims Act (Gov't Code §§ 810 et seq.), City shall defend, save harmless, and indemnify Chief against any tort, professional liability claim or demand or other legal action, whether groundless or otherwise, arising out of an alleged act or omission occurring in the performance of the Chief’s duties as Chief of Police. City will determine whether to compromise and settle any such claim or suit and the amount of any settlement or judgment rendered thereon. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such indemnification shall be limited as stated in paragraph 8 below.

8. Limitations/Reimbursements
Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement, and in accordance with California Government Code Sections 3511.1, 3511.2, 53243, 53243.1 and 53243.2, the following limitations apply to City’s obligations to Director:
(a) In the event the Chief is placed on paid leave pending an investigation, the Chief shall reimburse such pay to City if Chief is subsequently convicted of a crime that constitutes “abuse of office or position” as defined in Government Code Section 53243.4.
(b) In the event City pays for the Chief’s legal criminal defense, the Director shall fully reimburse such funds to the City if Chief is subsequently convicted of a crime that constitutes “abuse of office or position” as defined in Government Code Section 53243.4.
(c) If this contract is terminated, any cash settlement related to the termination that Chief may receive from City must be fully reimbursed to City if the Chief is subsequently convicted of a crime that constitutes “abuse of office or position” as defined in Government Code Section 53243.4.

9. Attorney’s Fees

Justin Tharp Employment Agreement
City of St. Helena

83578.00009\45505211.1
In the event of any mediation, arbitration or litigation to enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement, each party shall bear its own attorney's fees and costs.

10. Jurisdiction and Venue
This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California, and the Parties agree that venue shall be in Napa County, California.

11. Notices
Any notices required by this Agreement shall be in writing and either given in person or by first class mail with postage prepaid and addressed as follows:

TO CITY: City Manager
City of St. Helena
1088 College Avenue
St. Helena, CA 94574
TO EMPLOYEE: Justin Tharp
Home address on file with the City

12. Entire Agreement
The Agreement is the final expression of the complete agreement of the parties with respect to the matters specified herein and supersedes all prior oral or written understandings. However, the Agreement may be amended or altered by the City Manager at any time. Any such amendments or alterations must be in writing, signed by the Chief and the City Manager and approved by the City Council.

13. Severability
If any provision of this Agreement is found to be unenforceable by judgment or court order, the remainder of the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, as if the unenforceable provision had never been included.

14. Assignment
Chief may not assign or transfer any rights granted or obligations assumed under this Agreement.

15. Informed and Voluntary Agreement
The Chief acknowledges that the Chief has had the opportunity to receive legal representation and advice in connection with this Agreement and that Chief voluntarily

Justin Tharp Employment Agreement
City of St. Helena

83578.00009\45505211.1
enters into this Agreement fully informed about the rights and obligations assumed and waived by entering into this Agreement.

16. Agreement Subject to Council Ratification
As stated in Municipal Code Section 2.12.060(B)(2), this Agreement is subject to ratification by the City Council at a regular meeting.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, City and the Chief of Police have entered into and executed this Agreement as of the 13th day of October 2026.

CITY OF ST. HELENA CHIEF OF POLICE
A Municipal Corporation
By: ______________________ By: ____________________
Jim McCann Justin Tharp
Approved as to Form:

By: _____________________
Ethan Walsh
City Attorney