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Potential Improvements
The traffic report analyzed two improvement possibilities, discussed below.
Potential At-Grade Improvement: The City’s General Plan identifies the Lawrence Expressway and Lake Haven/Sandia Drive intersection as having deficiencies under year 2035 conditions. The General Plan recognizes that a potential at-grade improvement could improve the intersection operations. At-grade improvement would require widening the northbound leg to include a total of two left-turn lanes, four through lanes, and one right-turn lane. The southbound leg would need to be widened to two left-turn lanes, five through lanes, and one right-turn lane. The eastbound leg would need to be widened to two left-turn lanes, one shared through-right lane, and one right-turn lane. The westbound leg would require a third left-turn lane. However, the County of Santa Clara currently has no plans to add capacity to Lawrence Expressway. All components of the improvement would require additional right-of-way acquisition and displacement of homes and businesses. Widening the intersection would also extend the pedestrian and bicycle exposure time to traffic, which could lead to secondary pedestrian and bicycle impacts. Therefore, there exists no feasible at-grade improvement at this intersection because the County has no plans for at-grade improvements; the improvement would displace homes and businesses; and the improvement would lead to secondary pedestrian and bicycle impacts.
Potential Grade-Separation Improvement: The General Plan states that an interchange would eliminate the impact at this intersection. However, this intersection is within County of Santa Clara jurisdiction, and the County currently has no plans to construct an interchange at this intersection.
Given the identified improvements are not feasible, the project would contribute to unacceptable LOS at the two study intersections under project, background, and cumulative conditions. The project would be inconsistent with the CMP. However, with the effective date of the CEQA Guidelines implementing SB 743, a project’s contribution to increased vehicle delay or congestion is no longer considered an impact on the environment. Therefore, the inconsistency with CMP would not lead to adverse environmental effects, given there are no feasible roadway improvements, and project impacts would be less than significant, despite the projected increased delay. (Less than Significant Impact)
Impacts to Pedestrian, Bicycle, and Transit Facilities
Pedestrian Facilities
Pedestrian facilities consist of sidewalks, crosswalks, and pedestrian signals at signalized intersections. The project site is easily accessible for pedestrians. The proposed project would generate pedestrian walking trips between the library and neighborhood. The project proposes to provide new sidewalks along the frontage of Lakechime Drive.
Bicycle Facilities
Bicycle facilities in the project vicinity include bike paths and bike lanes. Within the project area, a bike path is present in Lakewood Park, just south of the project site, and a bike lane is present along Lakedale Way. Bicyclists are permitted along Lawrence Expressway. Although bike facilities are not Attachment 5
Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 114 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
present within the surrounding streets, the streets carry low traffic volumes and are conducive to bicyclists. Overall, the site is easily accessible by bicycle.
Transit Facilities
The project site is located about one mile north of the Lawrence Caltrain Station. It is not expected that future library patrons would utilize Caltrain services.
Currently, VTA bus route 55 travels within the project vicinity through both of the study intersections. It is expected that the proposed library would only generate minimal transit trips during the AM and PM peak hours. This new ridership generated by the project could be accommodated by the existing and planned transit services.
The proposed project would have less than significant impacts to pedestrian, bicycle, and transit facilities. (Less than Significant)
Impact TRN-2: The project would not conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3, subdivision (b). (No Impact)
The proposed library project would provide local residents with improved access to library facilities closer than current options provided elsewhere in the City. As discussed under Impact TRN-1, the project is considered to be a city facility and is exempt from VMT analysis. The project would not be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3, subdivision (b). (No Impact)
Impact TRN-3: The project would not substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment). (Less than Significant Impact)
The proposed project does not propose to incorporate sharp curves into the design, make changes to existing intersections, or increase the use of incompatible uses. However, the project would increase traffic at the intersections listed below:
• Meadowlake Drive and Lakebird Drive
• Silverlake Drive and Lakebird Drive
• Silverlake Drive and Lakechime Drive
• Silverlake Drive and Lakehaven Drive
To facilitate safe pedestrian access to the proposed library, all-way stop signs and crosswalks shall be installed at the listed intersections.
Furthermore, in accordance with the City of Sunnyvale Zoning Code, the project design would implement the following:
• The one-way driveway shall be at least 12 feet wide, and the two-way driveways shall be at least 20 feet wide.
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• Two-way drive aisles shall be 24 feet wide where 90-degree parking is provided. • Parking spaces shall be 18 feet long by 8.5 feet wide for standard parking spaces and 18 feet long by 9 feet wide for accessible parking spaces.
• A passenger loading zone shall be provided along the project frontage. • Four ADA accessible spaces shall be provided, including one van accessible space. • The project shall provide six bicycle spaces. At least five of the required bicycle spaces should be Class II bicycle racks. Bicycle racks should be provided along the project frontage, between the parking lot and building. At least one secure, long-term bicycle parking space should be provided.
The project shall comply with the Department of Public Works standard inspection process to ensure safe pedestrian and bicycle access at the project site and in the project site vicinity during construction activities. Therefore, the project would have a less than significant impact. (Less than Significant Impact)
Impact TRN-4: The project would not result in inadequate emergency access. (Less than Significant Impact)
Emergency access would be maintained for the period of construction of the project. Once constructed, the project would ensure free and clear accessways are maintained for emergency situations during operation of the project. Thus, the project would not result in inadequate emergency access and the impact is less than significant. (Less than Significant Impact)
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Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 116 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES
The discussion below is based in part on a Cultural Report prepared by Holman & Associates, Inc. on August 25, 2020. The report is on file with the City.
4.18.1 En vironmental Setting
Regulatory Framework
State
Assembly Bill 52
AB 52, effective July 2015, established a new category of resources for consideration by public agencies called Tribal Cultural Resources (TCRs). AB 52 requires lead agencies to provide notice of projects to tribes that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with the geographic area if they have requested to be notified. Where a project may have a significant impact on a tribal cultural resource, consultation is required until the parties agree to measures to mitigate or avoid a significant effect on a tribal cultural resource or until it is concluded that mutual agreement cannot be reached.
Under AB 52, TCRs are defined as follows:
• Sites, features, places, cultural landscapes, sacred places, and objects with cultural value to a California Native American tribe that are also either:
o Included or determined to be eligible for inclusion in the California Register of Historic Resources, or
o Included in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k).
• A resource determined by the lead agency to be a TCR.
Existing Conditions
According to the Cultural Report completed by Holman & Associates, Inc., no tribal cultural resources or features are known to exist within the project site.
AB 52 requires lead agencies to conduct formal consultations with California Native American tribes during the CEQA process, when tribes request it, to identify tribal cultural resources that may be subject to significant impacts by a project. Where a project may have a significant impact on a tribal cultural resource, the lead agency’s environmental document must discuss the impact and whether feasible alternatives or mitigation measures could avoid or substantially lessen the impact.
This consultation requirement applies to tribes that have sent written requests for notification of projects to the lead agency. Tamien Nation requested formal notice and information on all proposed projects within the City of Sunnyvale on June 14, 2021. On August 16, 2023, the City sent letters to Tamien Nation tribe representatives notifying them of the Lakewood Branch Library Facility Project.
The City did not receive a response requesting consultation within the specified 30-day timeframe.
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4.18.2 Impact Discussion
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less than
Significant
with Mitigation
Incorporated
Less than
Significant
Impact
No Impact
Would the project cause a substantial adverse
change in the significance of a tribal cultural
resource, defined in Public Resources Code
Section 21074 as either a site, feature, place,
cultural landscape that is geographically defined in
terms of the size and scope of the landscape,
sacred place, or object with cultural value to a
California Native American tribe, and that is:
1) Listed or eligible for listing in the California
Register of Historical Resources, or in a local
register of historical resources as defined in
Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k)?
2) A resource determined by the lead agency, in
its discretion and supported by substantial
evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria
set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources
Code Section 5024.1? In applying the criteria
set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources
Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall
consider the significance of the resource to a
California Native American tribe.
Impact TCR-1: The project would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource that is listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k). (Less than Significant Impact)
As discussed in Section 4.18.1.2, no known tribal cultural resources (TCRs) are present on-site and no tribes have requested consultation for the project. For this reason, the project would not cause an adverse change in the significance of TCRs listed on the California Register or City of Sunnyvale historic properties inventory. However, there is the potential for unknown Native American artifacts or human remains to be present in the area. In the event that cultural resources are unearthed, impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level with implementation of mitigation measures MM CUL-1.1 and MM CUL-1.2 described in Section 4.5 Cultural Resources, related to discovery of archaeological resources or human remains. (Less Than Significant Impact)
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Impact TCR-2: The project would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource that is determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. (Less than Significant Impact)
As discussed under Impact TCR-1, it is unlikely that any TCRs would be found on the project site.
However, in the case that TCRs are unearthed during project construction, compliance with MM CUL-1.1 and MM CUL-1.2, as discussed under Impact CUL-1, would reduce impacts to a less-than- significant level. (Less than Significant Impact)
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Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 119 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS
4.19.1 Environmental Setting
Regulatory Framework
State
State Water Code
Pursuant to the State Water Code, water suppliers providing water for municipal purposes to more than 3,000 customers or supplying more than 3,000 acre-feet (approximately 980 million gallons) of water annually must prepare and adopt an urban water management plan (UWMP) and update it every five years. As part of a UWMP, water agencies are required to evaluate and describe their water resource supplies and projected needs over a 20-year planning horizon, water conservation, water service reliability, water recycling, opportunities for water transfers, and contingency plans for drought events.
Assembly Bill 939
The California Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989, or AB 939, established the Integrated Waste Management Board, required the implementation of integrated waste management plans, and mandated that local jurisdictions divert at least 50 percent of solid waste generated (from 1990 levels), beginning January 1, 2000, and divert at least 75 percent by 2010. Projects that would have an adverse effect on waste diversion goals are required to include waste diversion mitigation measures.
Assembly Bill 341
AB 341 sets forth the requirements of the statewide mandatory commercial recycling program Businesses that generate four or more cubic yards of garbage per week and multi-family dwellings with five or more units in California are required to recycle. AB 341 sets a statewide goal for 75 percent disposal reduction by the year 2020.
Senate Bill 1383
SB 1383 establishes targets to achieve a 50 percent reduction in the level of the statewide disposal of organic waste from the 2014 level by 2020 and a 75 percent reduction by 2025. The bill grants CalRecycle the regulatory authority required to achieve the organic waste disposal reduction targets and establishes an additional target that at least 20 percent of currently disposed edible food is recovered for human consumption by 2025.
California Green Building Standards Code
In January 2010, the State of California adopted the California Green Building Standards Code, establishing mandatory green building standards for all buildings in California. The code covers five categories: planning and design, energy efficiency, water efficiency and conservation, material conservation and resources efficiency, and indoor environmental quality. These standards include the Attachment 5
Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 120 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
following mandatory set of measures, as well as more rigorous voluntary guidelines, for new construction projects to achieve specific green building performance levels:
• Reducing indoor water use by 20 percent;
• Reducing wastewater by 20 percent;
• Recycling and/or salvaging 50 percent of nonhazardous construction and demolition debris; and
• Providing readily accessible areas for recycling by occupants.
Local
Sunnyvale General Plan
The General Plan includes policies for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating impacts from planned development in the City. The goal and policies below are specific to utilities and are applicable to the proposed project.
Goal EM-14: Recycling and Source Reduction Programs: Reduce solid waste disposal to 50% or less of the amount generated in 1990 (as adjusted to reflect population and economic changes) in the most cost-effective manner.
Policy EM-14.1: Reduce generation of solid waste by providing source reduction programs and promoting reduction behavior.
Policy EM-14.3: Meet or exceed all federal, state, and local laws and regulations concerning solid waste diversion and implementation of recycling and source reduction programs.
Goal EM-15: Environmentally Sound Disposal: Dispose of solid waste in an environmentally sound, dependable, and cost-effective manner.
Policy EM-15.1: Assure that the City possess a minimum of five years of refuse disposal capacity at all times.
Policy EM-15.2: Reduce the amount of refuse being disposed, generate recycling revenues, and minimize truck travel to the disposal site through use of the Sunnyvale Materials Recovery and Transfer (SMaRT) Station.
Existing Conditions
Water Service
The City’s water supply is a combination of imported water, recycled water, and groundwater.61 Approximately 92 percent of the water supply is imported from the San Francisco Public Utilities
61 The percentage of water from each source can vary.
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Commission (SFPUC) and the Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD), five percent from groundwater, and three percent from recycled water. The City’s total water demand in 2010 was 21,465 acre-feet per year (AFY), and the City projects a demand of 25,506 AFY by 2030.
Water is provided to the site by the SFPUC, who manages the Hetch-Hetchy water system (imported from the Sierra Nevada). Based on a water supply agreement in 2009 with the SFPUC, the City of Sunnyvale is provided a minimum of 8.93 million gallons per day (MGD) of water, equivalent to 10,003 AFY.
There is an eight-inch water supply line in Lakechime Drive that serves the project site. Under existing conditions, the project site’s only water demand is for the baseball field, since the pool is not operational.
Storm Drainage
The City of Sunnyvale owns and maintains the municipal storm drainage system which serves the project site. The majority of the project site is impervious, e.g., the parking lot and pool. Runoff from the site flows into drains that empty into Calabazas Creek. Calabazas Creek flows north, carrying the runoff from the storm drains into San Francisco Bay. There is no overland release of stormwater directly into any water body from the project site. There is an eight-inch storm drain line in Lakechime Drive that serves the project site.
Wastewater
Wastewater from the City is treated at the Sunnyvale Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP), located north of CA-237 on Borregas Avenue.
62 The WPCP is owned by the City and provides primary,
secondary, and tertiary treatment of wastewater and has an average dry weather and wet weather flow capacity of 29.5 and 40.0 MGD of wastewater, respectively. The WPCP treats wastewater from residential, commercial, and industrial sources in Sunnyvale, the Rancho Rinconada portion of Cupertino, and Moffett Federal Airfield. Sewage generated in the City is collected via a system of sewer lines and trunks and conveyed through five interceptors (the Lawrence, Borregas, Lockheed, Moffett, and Cannery interceptors) to the WPCP.
63 Treated wastewater from the WPCP is discharged
to San Francisco Bay via the Guadalupe Slough.
The WPCP uses advanced secondary treatment consisting of the following process: primary treatment (sedimentation), secondary treatment (biological oxidation), and advanced secondary treatment (filtration and disinfection). These processes provide treatment to a level that meets or exceeds the NPDES discharge requirements. The amount and quality of this effluent is regulated by the RWQCB. The WPCP’s permitted average dry weather flow (ADWF) design capacity is 29.5 mgd and the peak wet weather flow (PWWF) design capacity is 40 mgd with capability of handling instantaneous flows of 55 mgd.
64 The amount of influent wastewater handled by the WPCP varies within the time of day and within seasonal changes in demand. In 2021, the ADWF was
62 City of Sunnyvale. Water Pollution Control Plant. Available at:
https://sunnyvale.ca.gov/property/water/sewer/controlplant.htm. Accessed September 10, 2020. 63 City of Sunnyvale. City of Sunnyvale 2015 Urban Water Management Plan. June 2016. Page 7-15. 64 City of Sunnyvale. Water Pollution Control Plant 2021 Annual NPDES Report. February 1, 2022. Page 3.
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approximately 12.5 mgd and the peak hourly maximum was 29.5 mgd.65 The ADWF processing capacity of the WPCP was reduced from 29.5 mgd to 19.5 mgd66 at the end of 2022.67
Sanitary sewer lines that serve the project site are maintained by the City’s Environmental Services Department (ESD). There is an eight-inch sanitary sewer line in Lakechime Drive that serves the project site.
Solid Waste
Solid waste in the City of Sunnyvale is hauled to the Sunnyvale Materials Recover and Transfer Station (SMaRT Station) which has a permitted capacity of 1,500 tons per day.68 The SMaRT station currently processes approximately 1,100 tons of solid waste, source-separated recyclables, and compostable materials per day (260,000 tpy), allowing for an additional 400 tons per day to be processed.
In 2018, the City diverted approximately 45 percent of solid waste from the landfill.69 Additionally, the City has adopted a Zero Waste Strategic Plan that calls for 75 percent diversion by 2020 and 90 percent diversion by 2030.70 Diverted materials include aluminum, cardboard, metals, concrete, soil, mixed paper, newsprint, glass, wood, yard waste and other compostable material, plastic, mattresses, and large appliances.
The City has an agreement for solid waste disposal with Waste Management, Inc., which landfills the City’s waste at Kirby Canyon Landfill, through 2031.
71 Kirby Canyon Landfill has a capacity of 36.4
million cubic yards, with a remaining capacity of 15 million cubic yards as of January 1, 2020.72 Based on the current remaining capacity available and projected volumes, Kirby Canyon Landfill is projected to close in 2068.73
65 Ibid. Page 13.
66 City of Sunnyvale. Draft Sunnyvale Water Pollution Control Plant Master Plan Program Environmental Impact Report. February 2016.
67 Jennifer Ng, Assistant Director, City of Sunnyvale Department of Public Works. Personal Communication. March 22, 2022.
68 CalRecycle. SWIS Facility/Site Activity Details. Sunnyvale MRF & Transfer Station (43-AA-0009). Available at:
https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/SiteActivity/Details/1348?siteID=3376. Accessed September 10, 2020. 69 City of Sunnyvale. Environmental Services Department. SMaRT Station Annual Report 2018-2019. Available at:
https://sunnyvale.ca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?blobid=25741. Accessed September 10, 2020. 70 City of Sunnyvale. Zero Waste Strategic Plan: A Quantifiable Approach. February 2013. Accessed September 10, 2020.
71 City of Sunnyvale. Land Use and Transportation Element Draft Environmental Impact Report. August 2016. (SCH#:2012032003). Page 3.11-24.
72Becky Azevedo, Technical Manager, Waste Management, Inc. Personal Communication. September 14, 2020. 73 Ibid.
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Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 123 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
4.19.2 Impact Discussion
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less than
Significant
with Mitigation
Incorporated
Less than
Significant
Impact
No Impact
Would the project:
1) Require or result in the relocation or
construction of new or expanded water,
wastewater treatment or stormwater drainage,
electric power, natural gas, or
telecommunications facilities, the construction
or relocation of which could cause significant
environmental effects?
2) Have insufficient water supplies available to
serve the project and reasonably foreseeable
future development during normal, dry and
multiple dry years?
3) Result in a determination by the wastewater
treatment provider which serves or may serve
the project that it does not have adequate
capacity to serve the project’s projected
demand in addition to the provider’s existing
commitments?
4) Generate solid waste in excess of state or local
standards, or in excess of the capacity of local
infrastructure, or otherwise impair the
attainment of solid waste reduction goals?
5) Be noncompliant with federal, state, or local
management and reduction statutes and
regulations related to solid waste?
Impact UTL-1: The project would not require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or stormwater drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects. (Less than Significant Impact)
The proposed project would install new water lines, sanitary sewer lines, and storm drain lines that would connect to existing utility lines on Lakechime Drive and Silverlake Drive.
Water
The proposed project’s water demand was calculated using standard water use rates for the library land use type from the California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod). The proposed library project would demand approximately 1,901 gallons of water per day (gpd) 74 for indoor use and 2,973
74 CalEEMod Appendix D, Table 9.1: Water Use Rates. Library Land Use Type. Indoor Water. 31,289 gal / 1,000 sq ft x 22,177 sq ft proposed = 693,896.15 gal/year / 365 days/year = 1,901 gpd Attachment 5
Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 124 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
gpd75 for outdoor use, for a total demand of 4,874 gpd or 1,779,010 gallons per year, or about five AFY, less than one percent of the City’s projected demand of 25,506 AFY by 2030. The proposed use would lead to an increase in water demand on the project site since the existing swimming pool is not operational and does not require water. (Less than Significant Impact)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
The proposed project would connect to the City’s existing sanitary sewer system through a sewer line in Lakechime Drive. As discussed in Section 4.19.1.2 Existing Conditions, the WPCP’s processing capacity is 19.5 mgd. The proposed project, combined with the existing uses on-site, would generate approximately 1,615 gpd76 of wastewater. The proposed project would generate less than one percent of the WPCP’s processing capacity. Therefore, the proposed project would have a less than significant impact. (Less than Significant Impact)
Storm Drainage
The on-site storm drains would connect to the existing storm drain on Meadowlake Drive via an extension, and the project would contain 3,175 square feet of bioretention areas within the parking lot on the north side of the project site. The project would be consistent with the City’s Stormwater Management Guidance Manual for Low Impact Development and Post-Construction Requirements and Storm Drainage Master Plan, and, therefore, would not cause the City’s storm drainage system to exceed capacity. The on-site retention would be designed to convey a 10-year storm event. The City’s existing storm drainage system has the capacity to serve the site. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. (Less Than Significant Impact)
Electric Power, Natural Gas, and Telecommunications
The project would connect to existing electric power, and telecommunication lines in the project area. The project does not propose relocation of these utilities. Therefore, the project would not result in a significant environmental effect from the construction or relocation of electricity or telecommunication utilities. Silicon Valley Clean Energy (SVCE) is the official electricity provider for Sunnyvale. SVCE purchases carbon-free electricity and partners with PG&E to deliver this electricity over existing power lines. SVCE provides 100 percent carbon-free energy and customers in the City of Sunnyvale are automatically enrolled in the SVCE GreenStart default program, which offers electricity that is carbon-free and with 50 percent of the power from renewable sources. (Less than Significant Impact)
Impact UTL-2: The project would not have insufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and multiple dry years. (Less than Significant Impact)
As discussed under Impact UTL-1 above, implementation of the proposed project would result in a total water demand of five AFY. According to the Water Supply Assessment (WSA) completed for
75 CalEEMod Appendix D, Table 9.1: Water Use Rates. Library Land Use Type. Outdoor Water. 48,939 gal / 1,000 sq ft x 22,177 sq ft proposed = 1,085,320.20 gal/year / 365 days/year = 2,973 gpd 76 Wastewater is calculated based on 85% of indoor use. 1,901 x 0.85 = 1,615 gpd.
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the City’s Land Use and Transportation Element (LUTE), the City has a sufficient program of water supply to serve the buildout of the City through 2035.77 Furthermore, in the event of a drought, the City has a water shortage contingency plan that includes mandatory and voluntary water use restrictions, rate block adjustment, and approaches for enforcement. The WSA concluded that the City will meet its future water demand through 2035 from existing water supply contracts with the Santa Clara Valley Water District and San Francisco Public Utilities Commission as well as sources currently being planned, developed, and implemented (including expanding the service area for recycled water). For these reasons, there would be sufficient water supplies available to serve the project. Therefore, despite the increased water demand on the project site, the proposed project would have a less-than-significant impact. (Less than Significant)
Impact UTL-3: The project would not result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it does not have adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments. (Less than Significant Impact)
The project site is currently served by an eight-inch sanitary sewer line located on Lakechime Drive.
The proposed project would connect to the existing sewer line. Based on the increase in sewage generation described under Impact UTL-1, it is anticipated that the existing sewer line has sufficient capacity to accommodate project flows. Therefore, the proposed project would have a less-than- significant impact. (Less than Significant Impact)
Impact UTL-4: The project would not generate solid waste in excess of state or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals. (Less than Significant Impact)
Solid waste generation was calculated using standard water use rates for the library land use type from the California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod). The proposed library project would generate approximately 20.4 tons per year (tpy)78. The existing development generates minimal solid waste since the existing swimming pool is not operational and does not have regular visitors or employees.
As mentioned, the SMaRT station has a capacity of 1,500 tpy, and currently processes approximately 1,100 tons of solid waste, source-separated recyclables, and compostable materials per day (260,000 tpy), allowing for an additional 400 tons per day to be processed. The proposed project’s generation of 18.5 tpy is equivalent to approximately 101 pounds of solid waste per day. Although redevelopment of the project site would increase solid waste generation, the proposed project would not generate excess solid waste because there is sufficient processing capacity at the SMaRT Station
77 Michael Baker International. California Senate Bill 610 Water Supply Assessment for Sunnyvale General Plan – Land Use and Transportation Element (LUTE). November 2015. 78 CalEEMod Appendix D, Table 10.1: Solid Waste Disposal Rates. Library Land Use Type.
0.92 tons / 1,000 sq ft x 22,177 sq ft proposed = 20.4 tons/year Attachment 5
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to serve the project, as well as available capacity at the receiving landfill. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. (Less than Significant Impact)
Impact UTL-5: The project would not be noncompliant with federal, state, or local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste. (Less than Significant Impact)
The project would comply with requirements set forth by SB 341, SB 1383, and the City’s General Plan. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. (Less than Significant Impact)
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WILDFIRE
4.20.1 Environmental Setting
Regulatory Framework
State
Fire Hazard Severity Zones
CAL FIRE is required by law to map areas of significant fire hazards based on fuels, terrain, weather, and other relevant factors. Referred to as Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZs), these maps influence how people construct buildings and protect property to reduce risk associated with wildland fires.
FHSZs are divided into areas where the state has financial responsibility for wildland fire protection, known as state responsibility areas (SRAs), and areas where local governments have financial responsibility for wildland fire protection, known as local responsibility areas (LRAs). Homeowners living in an SRA are responsible for ensuring that their property is in compliance with California’s building and fire codes. Only lands zoned for very high fire hazard are identified within LRAs.
California Fire Code Chapter 47
Chapter 47 of the California Fire Code sets requirements for wildland-urban interface fire areas that increase the ability of buildings to resist the intrusion of flame or burning embers being projected by a vegetation fire, in addition to systematically reducing conflagration losses through the use of performance and prescriptive requirements.
California Public Resources Code Section 4442 through 4431 The California Public Resources Code includes fire safety regulations that restrict the use of equipment that may produce a spark, flame, or fire; require the use of spark arrestors on construction equipment that uses an internal combustion engine; specify requirements for the safe use of gasoline- powered tools on forest-covered land, brush-covered land, or grass-covered land; and specify fire suppression equipment that must be provided onsite for various types of work in fire-prone areas.
These regulations include the following:
• Earthmoving and portable equipment with internal combustion engines would be equipped with a spark arrestor to reduce the potential for igniting a wildland fire (Public Resources Code Section 4442);
• Appropriate fire suppression equipment would be maintained during the highest fire danger period, from April 1 to December 1 (Public Resources Code Section 4428); • On days when a burning permit is required, flammable materials would be removed to a distance of 10 feet from any equipment that could produce a spark, fire, or flame, and the construction contractor would maintain appropriate fire suppression equipment (Public Resources Code Section 4427); and
• On days when a burning permit is required, portable tools powered by gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines would not be used within 25 feet of any flammable materials (Public Resources Code Section 4431).
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California Code of Regulations Title 14
The California Board of Forestry and Fire Protection has adopted regulations, known as SRA Fire Safe Regulations, which apply basic wildland fire protection standards for building, construction, and development occurring in a SRA. The future design and construction of structures, subdivisions, and developments in SRAs are required to provide for the basic emergency access and perimeter wildfire protection measures discussed in Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.
Existing Conditions
CAL FIRE is required by law to map areas of significant fire hazards based on fuels, terrain, weather, and other relevant factors. Referred to as Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZ), these maps influence how people construct buildings and protect property to reduce risk associated with wildland fires.
The project site is not located in a FHSZ.
79 4.20.2 Im pact Discussion
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less than
Significant
with Mitigation
Incorporated
Less than
Significant
Impact
No Impact
If located in or near state responsibility areas or
lands classified as very high fire hazard severity
zones, would the project:
1) Substantially impair an adopted emergency
response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
2) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other
factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby
expose project occupants to pollutant
concentrations from a wildfire or the
uncontrolled spread of a wildfire?
3) Require the installation or maintenance of
associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel
breaks, emergency water sources, power lines,
or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk
or that may result in temporary or ongoing
impacts to the environment?
4) Expose people or structures to significant
risks, including downslope or downstream
flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff,
post-fire slope instability, or drainage
changes?
The project site is not located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard severity zones; therefore, the project would not result in wildfire impacts. (No Impact)
79 CAL FIRE. Fire Hazard Severity Zones Viewer. Accessed August 10, 2020. Available at <https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/5935/san_jose.pdf>.
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MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less than
Significant
with Mitigation
Incorporated
Less than
Significant
Impact
No Impact
1) Does the project have the potential to
substantially degrade the quality of the
environment, substantially reduce the habitat
of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or
wildlife population to drop below self-
sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant
or animal community, substantially reduce the
number or restrict the range of a rare or
endangered plant or animal, or eliminate
important examples of the major periods of
California history or prehistory?
2) Does the project have impacts that are
individually limited, but cumulatively
considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable”
means that the incremental effects of a project
are considerable when viewed in connection
with the effects of past projects, the effects of
other current projects, and the effects of
probable future projects.)
3) Does the project have environmental effects
which will cause substantial adverse effects on
human beings, either directly or indirectly?
Impact MFS-1: The project does not have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self- sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal, or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory. (Less than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated)
As discussed in the previous sections of this Initial Study, the proposed project would not degrade the quality of the environment with implementation of the Standard Conditions and Mitigation Measures identified throughout the document. As discussed in Section 4.4 Biological Resources, implementation of MM BIO-1.1 would ensure the project would not disturb nesting activity and the project would have impacts on sensitive habitats or species. As discussed in Section 4.5 Cultural Resources and Section 4.18 Tribal Cultural Resources, MM CUL-1.1 and MM CUL-1.2 would reduce impacts on archaeological resources. The project would have no impact on historic resources. (Less than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated)
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Impact MFS-2: The project does not have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable. (Less than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated)
Under Section 15065(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, a lead agency shall find that a project may have a significant effect on the environment where there is substantial evidence that the project has potential environmental effects “that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable.” As defined in Section 15065(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, cumulatively considerable means “that the incremental effects of an individual project are significant when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects.” This Initial Study evaluates the environmental impacts of the proposed library project. This Initial Study also takes into account other past, pending, and probable future projects whose impacts could combine to produce cumulative impacts.
Resource Topics not Impacted by the Project
The project would result in no wildfire hazards and would have no impact on Aesthetic Resources, Agricultural Resources, Land Use, Mineral Resources, Population and Housing, Public Services, or Recreational Facilities; therefore, the project has no potential to combine with other projects to result in cumulative impacts to those resources. (No Cumulative Impact)
Cumulative Air Quality Impacts
By its very nature, air pollution is largely a cumulative impact. The geographic area for cumulative air quality impacts is the San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin. No single project is sufficient in size, by itself, to result in nonattainment of ambient air quality standards. Instead, a project’s individual emissions contribute to existing cumulatively significant adverse air quality impacts. The project would emit criteria air pollutants and contribute to the overall regional emissions of these pollutants.
The project-level thresholds identified by BAAQMD (which the project’s impacts were compared to in Section 4.3, Air Quality) are the basis for determining whether a project has a cumulatively considerable contribution to the existing cumulatively significant air quality impact. The project’s construction and operational criteria air pollutant emissions would be below BAAQMD thresholds for these pollutants. Additionally, the project would implement mitigation measure MM AIR-3.1 and Standard Condition AIR-1 to reduce community health risk impacts to sensitive receptors to a less- than-significant level. Therefore, the project would result in a less than cumulatively considerable contribution to significant regional air quality impact and to localized community health risks. (Less Than Cumulatively Considerable Contribution to a Significant Cumulative Impact)
Cumulative Biological Resources Impacts
The geographic area for cumulative impacts to trees includes the project site and adjacent parcels.
There is a pending Lakewood Park Renovation and Enhancement project that would take place in the park area adjacent to the proposed Lakewood Library project. At the time of preparation of this Initial Study, the Lakewood Park Renovation and Enhancement project was in the preliminary design phases, and the City had not commenced environmental review of that adjacent park project. The park improvement project would involve upgrades to park infrastructure and furnishings, playground equipment, new dog park, mini skate park and water play areas, new lighting and lighting upgrades, Attachment 5
Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 131 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
removal of existing concession stand, installation of modular restrooms, picnic tables, and replacement of existing grass field with synthetic grass.
All projects occurring within Sunnyvale that propose tree removal, including the proposed library project and pending park improvement project, would comply with the tree replacement requirements required by the City’s Tree Preservation Ordinance. Therefore, the two combined projects (and any other cumulative projects) would have a less than significant cumulative impact. (Less than Significant Cumulative Impact)
The geographic area for cumulative impacts to sensitive habitats such as wetland, riparian habitats, and serpentine habitats, and special-status species would be Santa Clara County. The project would have no impact on riparian, wetland habitats or special-status species, and therefore, would not combine impacts to these habitats with other projects elsewhere. (No Cumulative Impact)
The project site is not located within an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan; therefore, the applicant is not required to pay Habitat Plan fees and the project would not have a cumulative impact. (No Cumulative Impact)
The geographic area for cumulative impacts to migratory wildlife would be Santa Clara County.
Construction of projects throughout the County, including the proposed project, could result in a significant cumulative impact on nesting birds. Each project is subject to federal, state, and local regulations (including the MBTA, Fish and Game Code, and CEQA), which would avoid and/or minimize impacts to nesting birds. The project, with the implementation of mitigation measure MM BIO-1.1 and MM BIO-1.2, would comply with the MBTA and Fish and Game Code, would not result in a cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant cumulative impact to nesting birds. (Less Than Cumulatively Considerable Contribution to Significant Cumulative Impact)
Cumulative Cultural Resources Impacts
The project would have no impact on historic resources and, therefore, would not combine impacts to these resources with other projects or contribute to any cumulative impacts to these resources. (No Cumulative Impact)
The geographic area for cumulative archaeological resources and human remains impacts are locations within approximately 1,000 feet of the site. The pending Lakewood Park Renovation and Enhancement project would take place immediately adjacent to the project site.
Any proposed projects would be required to implement standard permit conditions and/or mitigation measures such as MM CUL-1.1 and MM CUL-1.2 to reduce potential impacts to archaeological resources and human remains during construction to less than significant. The two combined projects (and any other cumulative projects) would, therefore, have a less than significant cumulative impact on archaeological resources and human remains. (Less Than Significant Cumulative Impact with Mitigation)
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Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 132 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
Cumulative Geology and Soils Impacts
The geographic area for cumulative geological impacts would be locations adjacent to the site, since geological impacts are limited to the project site and adjacent properties. The pending Lakewood Park Renovation and Enhancement project would take place immediately adjacent to the project site.
All projects occurring within Sunnyvale would be required to implement the same standard conditions and measures related to construction water quality and soil erosion as the proposed project (including preparation of a SWPPP if disturbance if greater than one acre). For these reasons, the cumulative projects, including the proposed project, would not result in significant cumulative geological resources impacts. (Less than Significant Cumulative Impact)
Cumulative GHG Impacts
The proposed project and past, present, present and future development projects worldwide contribute to global climate change. No single project is sufficient in size to, by itself, change the global average temperature. Therefore, due to the nature of GHG impacts, a significant project impact is a significant cumulative impact. As discussed in Section 4.8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions, the project’s operational emissions would not exceed the 660 MT of CO 2e per year bright-line
threshold and the project would comply with CALGreen, Title 24, and City’s Reach Code. The project would, therefore, not result in significant GHG impact. For these reasons, the project would not result in a cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant cumulative GHG impact. (Less Than Significant Cumulative Impact)
Cumulative Hazards and Hazardous Materials and Impacts
The geographic area for cumulative hazardous materials impacts would be within 1,000 feet of the project site. The pending Lakewood Park Renovation and Enhancement project would take place immediately adjacent to the project site. Similar to the proposed library project, the park enhancement project is not expected to propose the use of substantial hazardous materials on-site, is not located near any public airport or private air strip, and is not located within a fire hazard severity zone. The City’s standard development review process would ensure design standards are met and that the park enhancement project would prevent design hazards, incompatible uses, and provide adequate emergency access. In addition, the park enhancement project is subject to a site-specific database search and hazards evaluation, though it is expected that it is not identified on regulatory databases or on the Cortese list due to its proximity to the proposed project. For these reasons, the cumulative projects, including the proposed project, would not result in significant cumulative hazardous materials impacts. (Less Than Significant Cumulative Impact)
The project would not result in an aircraft hazard given the project site is not located within an AIA of a Comprehensive Land Use Plan and is not located within an FAA height restriction area for new structures. The project would, therefore, not result in cumulative impacts due to aircraft hazards when combined with the impacts of other projects. (No Cumulative Impact)
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Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 133 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
Cumulative Hydrology Impacts
The geographic area for cumulative hydrology and water quality impacts is the Santa Clara Valley Groundwater Basin and the Calabazas Creek watershed. Cumulative developments near the project, such as the Lakewood Park Renovation and Enhancement project, would be subject to similar hydrological and urban runoff conditions. Both the proposed library project and park enhancement project are located within Flood Zone AE. Though project specifics are unknown at this time, the pending park enhancement project could introduce new structures and/or additional impervious surfaces that would redirect flood flows. Similar to the library project, the park enhancement project would be subject to project-specific environmental review to ensure it would not contribute to impeding or redirection of flood waters, per Sunnyvale Municipal Code Chapter 16.62.
In addition, as discussed in Section 4.10.1.2 Hydrology and Water Quality, Valley Water is implementing the Sunnyvale East and West Channel Flood Protection Project, which would take the entire area (of both the proposed library project and the park enhancement project) out of Flood Zone AE. The flood protection project is a long-term solution that would eliminate the issue of altered drainage patterns resulting in flooding on- or off-site.
Furthermore, all projects occurring within Sunnyvale would be required to implement the same standard conditions and measures related to construction water quality as the proposed project (including preparation of a SWPPP if disturbance if greater than one acre). In addition, all current and probable future projects that would disturb more than one acre of soil or replace/add more at least 10,000 square feet of impervious surfaces would be required to meet applicable RWQCB requirements and the City’s Storm Drainage requirements on a project-specific basis. For these reasons, the cumulative projects, including the proposed project, would not result in significant cumulative hydrology or water quality impacts. (Less than Significant Cumulative Impact)
Cumulative Noise and Vibration Impacts
The geographic area for cumulative noise impacts is approximately a 1,000 feet radius from the site.
The pending Lakewood Park Renovation and Enhancement project would take place immediately adjacent to the project site.
Construction
Construction of the proposed project would take approximately 16 months, and there would be no overlap in construction with the park renovation project because it is in preliminary design phases and construction would be expected to start after the proposed library project is constructed.
Furthermore, project construction would be subject to mitigation measures MM NOI-1.1 and MM NOI-2.1 as discussed in Section 4.13 Noise and Vibration to reduce temporary construction noise and vibration impacts to acceptable levels. Therefore, the adjacent projects would result in a less than significant cumulative construction noise impact. (Less Than Significant Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated)
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Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 134 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
Operation
As discussed in Section 4.13 Noise and Vibration, the existing ADT along Lawrence Expressway and Tasman Drive is 48,315 and the ADT along Lawrence Expressway and Lakehaven Drive/Sandia Avenue is 41,090. The project would generate 1,450 daily trips and would increase existing traffic noise levels by less than 1 dBA L
dn along the Lawrence Expressway/Tasman Drive and Lawrence Expressway/Lakehaven Drive roadways. The TIA for the proposed project did not account for cumulative trips from the Lakewood Park Renovation and Enhancement project. The park enhancement project will prepare a project-specific TIA, including trip generation, once environmental review for the project begins. Given the trip generation from the park enhancement project is not currently known, it is not possible to precisely describe the combined trips from the library project and the park enhancement project. Nonetheless, it is not possible they would result in a doubling of the large traffic volumes on the major roads serving the area noted above, given the library generates 1,450 daily trips and the park enhancement would be expected to be on a similar order of magnitude. The cumulative analysis for the park enhancement project would account for the traffic from the proposed library project and their combined effects based on the trip generation predicted for the park enhancement. Therefore, the project would result in a less than cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant cumulative traffic noise impact. (Less Than Significant Cumulative Impact)
Cumulative Traffic Impacts
The geographic area for cumulative transportation resource impacts includes the project site and its surrounding area. As discussed in Section 4.17 Transportation, Hexagon’s TIA identified five pending developments northeast of the project site that would take place in the City of Santa Clara.
As discussed in Section 4.17, Transportation, cumulative with project and cumulative no project conditions would have unacceptable LOS at the two study intersections. However, according to the newly implemented SB 743, a project’s contribution to increased vehicle delay or congestion is no longer considered an impact on the environment. Therefore, the project’s inconsistency with CMP would not lead to adverse environmental effects, given there are no feasible roadway improvements, and project impacts would be less than significant. The TIA for the proposed project did not account for cumulative trips from the Lakewood Park Renovation and Enhancement project. The park enhancement project will prepare a project-specific TIA once that project is settled and environmental review for the project begins. The cumulative analysis for the park enhancement project would account for the traffic from the proposed library project and their combined effects.
Furthermore, all cumulative projects (including the project) would comply with current building and fire codes and be reviewed by the Fire Department to ensure adequate emergency access. For these reasons, the cumulative projects would not result in a significant cumulative impact to emergency access. (Less than Significant Cumulative Impact)
Cumulative Utilities Impacts
The geographic area for cumulative utility and service systems is the City boundaries. The project would contribute to cumulative demands on utilities and service systems (water, sewer, solid waste, storm drainage). Implementation of the proposed project would generate additional demand of about five AFY, a small fraction of the City’s projected demand of 25,506 AFY by 2030, and not cause the City to exceed cumulative water demand projections, as disclosed in the City’s General Plan LUTE.
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Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 135 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
The final drainage system design for each of the cumulative projects would be subject to review and approval by the City, who would confirm that the proposed drainage system for each project is consistent with the City’s stormwater-related conditions of approval and NPDES regulations.
Therefore, the combined projects would not result in a significant cumulative impact to storm drainage systems, as disclosed in the City’s General Plan LUTE. The City is aware an update to the WPCP Master Plan is needed to plan for adequate wastewater treatment that includes the buildout of the approved Lawrence Station Area Plan and the Downtown Specific Plan Amendments and specific development projects, as well as other future growth in the City. Subsequent environmental review for the WPCP Master Plan update will be completed by the City, once the details of the WPCP improvements are defined. The specific design and improvements needed are unknown at this time, therefore, it is speculative to evaluate the environmental impacts of these undetermined improvements. The proposed library project would have an insignificant contribution to the overall cumulative increase in wastewater generated above the WPCP’s planned capacity; therefore, the project’s contribution to the cumulative wastewater treatment impact is considered less than significant.
As discussed in Section 4.19, Utilities and Service Systems, the landfills serving the project site and the City as a whole, have remaining capacity through 2068.
Based on the above reasons, the combined projects would not result in significant cumulative impacts to the City’s water, sewer, solid waste and storm drainage facilities. (Less Than Significant Cumulative Impact)
The project would not relocate natural gas, electricity or telecommunications lines. The project would not combine with other projects to result in impacts to these utility lines, therefore, no cumulative impacts to these utilities would result from the combined projects. (No Cumulative Impact)
Impact MFS-3: The project does not have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly. (Less than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated)
Consistent with Section 15065(a)(4) of the CEQA Guidelines, a lead agency shall find that a project may have a significant effect on the environment where there is substantial evidence that the project has the potential to cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly.
Pursuant to this standard, a change to the physical environment that might otherwise be minor must be treated as significant if people would be significantly affected. This factor relates to adverse changes to the environment of human beings generally, and not to effects on particular individuals.
While changes to the environment that could indirectly affect human beings would be represented by all of the designated CEQA issue areas, those that could directly affect human beings include air quality, and noise. Implementation of the best management practices, standard permit conditions, mitigation measures, and adherence to General Plan, City Code, and state and federal regulations described in these sections of the report, would avoid significant impacts. No other direct or indirect Attachment 5
Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 136 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
adverse effects on human beings have been identified. (Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated)
Attachment 5
La
kewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 137 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
SECTION 5.0 REFERENCES
The analysis in this Initial Study is based on the professional judgement and expertise of the environmental specialists preparing this document, based upon review of the site, surrounding conditions, site plans, and the following references:
As
sociation of Bay Area Governments. Resilience Program. Liquefaction: Official California Seismic Hazards Zone Map. Available at: http://resilience.abag.ca.gov/earthquakes/. Accessed August 14, 2020.
As
sociation of Bay Area Governments. Tsunami Inundation Emergency Planning Map for the San Francisco Bay Region. http://quake.abag.ca.gov/tsunamis. Accessed August 14, 2020.
Association of Bay Area Governments and Metropolitan Transportation Commission. “Project Mapper.” http://projectmapper.planbayarea.org/.
BAA
QMD. Final 2017 Clean Air Plan. April 19, 2017. http://www.baaqmd.gov/plans-and- climate/air-quality-plans/current-plans.
Beck
y Azevedo. Technical Manager, Waste Management, Inc. Personal Communication. September 14, 2020.
Cal
EEMod Appendix D, Table 9.1: Water Use Rates.
CalEEMod Appendix D, Table 10.1: Solid Waste Disposal Rates.
CAL
FIRE. Fire Hazard Severity Zones Viewer. Accessed August 10, 2020. Available at https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/5935/san_jose.pdf.
Cal
ifornia Air Resources Board. “Overview: Diesel Exhaust and Health.” Accessed August 3, 2020. https://www.arb.ca.gov/research/diesel/diesel-health.htm.
Cal
ifornia Air Resources Board. “The Advanced Clean Cars Program.” Accessed August 11, 2020. https://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/acc/acc.htm.
Cal
ifornia Building Standards Commission. “California Building Standards Code.” Accessed August 11, 2020. https://www.dgs.ca.gov/BSC/Codes#@ViewBag.JumpTo.
Cal
ifornia Department of Conservation. “Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program.” Accessed August 3, 2020. http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/fmmp/Pages/Index.aspx.
California Department of Conservation. Generalized Mineral Land Classification Map of the South San Francisco Bay Production-Consumption Region. 1996.
Cal
ifornia Department of Conservation. Santa Clara County Important Farmland.
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California Department of Conservation. “Williamson Act.” http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/lca.
California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. “Fire and Resource Assessment Program.” Accessed August 3, 2020. http://frap.fire.ca.gov/.
California Department of Housing and Community Development. “Regional Housing Needs Allocation and Housing Elements” Accessed August 14, 2020. http://hcd.ca.gov/community-
development/housing-element/index.shtml.
California Department of Tax and Fee Administration. “Net Taxable Gasoline Gallons.” Accessed August 10, 2020. https://www.cdtfa.ca.gov/dataportal/dataset.htm?url=VehicleTaxableFuelDist.
California Department of Transportation. “Scenic Highways.” Accessed May 28, 2020. https://dot.ca.gov/programs/design/lap-landscape-architecture-and-community-livability/lap-liv- i-scenic-highways.
California Department of Water Resources, Bulletin 118, 2003.
California Energy Commission (CEC). “2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards.” Accessed August 11, 2020.
https://www.energy.ca.gov/programs-and-topics/programs/building-energy- efficiency-standards/2019-building-energy-efficiency.
California Energy Commission. Energy Consumption Data Management System. “Electricity Consumption by County.” Accessed August 10, 2020.
http://ecdms.energy.ca.gov/elecbycounty.aspx.
California Energy Commission. “Natural Gas Consumption by County.” Accessed August 10, 2020.
http://ecdms.energy.ca.gov/gasbycounty.aspx.
California Environmental Protection Agency. “Cortese List Data Resources.” Accessed August 7, 2020. https://calepa.ca.gov/sitecleanup/corteselist/.
California Environmental Protection Agency. Cortese List Data Resources. Accessed August 7, 2020. https://calepa.ca.gov/sitecleanup/corteselist/
California Gas and Electric Utilities. 2019 California Gas Report. Accessed August 10, 2020. https://www.socalgas.com/regulatory/documents/cgr/2019_CGR_Supplement_7-1-19.pdf.
California Geological Survey. Regional Geologic Hazards and Mapping Program. Alquist-Priolo.
Available at: https://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/alquist-priolo. Accessed August 13, 2020.
California Office of Historic Preservation. “CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(a)(3) and California Office of Historic Preservation Technical Assistance Series #6.” Accessed May 28, 2020.
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http://www.ohp.parks.ca.gov/pages/1069/files/technical%20assistance%20bulletin%206%20201 1%20update.pdf.
California State Water Resources Control Board. 2010 CWA Section 303(d) List of Water Quality Limited Segments Requiring TMDLs. Accessed August 14, 2020. Available at http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/2010state_ir_reports/category4a_re port.shtml.
CalRecycle. SWIS Facility/Site Activity Details. Sunnyvale MRF & Transfer Station (43-AA-0009).
Available at: https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/SiteActivity/Details/1348?siteID=3376.
Accessed September 10, 2020.
Ci
ty of Sunnyvale. Land Use and Transportation Element Draft Environmental Impact Report.
August 2016. (SCH#:2012032003). Page 3.11-24.
City of Sunnyvale. Public Safety: Crime Information. Ten-year Crime Comparison Report (2010 to 2019).
https://sunnyvale.ca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BlobID=22968. Accessed September 10, 2020.
City of Sunnyvale. Recreation and Community: Parks. Available at https://sunnyvale.ca.gov/community/parks/default.htm. Accessed August 14, 2020.
City of Sunnyvale. Recreation and Community: Parks. Available at https://sunnyvale.ca.gov/community/parks/default.htm. Accessed August 14, 2020.
City of Sunnyvale. Environmental Services Department. SMaRT Station Annual Report 2018-2019.
Available at: https://sunnyvale.ca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?blobid=25741. Accessed September 10, 2020.
City of Sunnyvale. Water Pollution Control Plant. Available at:
https://sunnyvale.ca.gov/property/water/sewer/controlplant.htm. Accessed September 10, 2020.
City of Sunnyvale. Zero Waste Strategic Plan: A Quantifiable Approach. February 2013. Accessed September 10, 2020.
County of Santa Clara. County Geologic Hazard Zones. Map 11. February 2002.
County of Santa Clara Department of Planning and Development. “Williamson Act and Open Space Easement.” Accessed June 10, 2020. Available at
https://www.sccgov.org/sites/dpd/Programs/WA/Pages/WA.aspx.
FEMA Flood Map Service Center. Available at https://msc.fema.gov/portal/home. Map 06085C0045H. Accessed August 14, 2020.
J
ay Witt, Senior Consultant, Illingworth & Rodkin, Inc. Personal Communication. April 19, 2023.
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Jocelyn Lee, Traffic Engineer, Hexagon Transportation Consultants, Inc. Personal Communication.
August 11, 2020.
Michael Baker International. California Senate Bill 610 Water Supply Assessment for Sunnyvale General Plan – Land Use and Transportation Element (LUTE). November 2015.
Office of Planning and Research. “Changes to CEQA for Transit Oriented Development – FAQ.” October 14, 2014. Accessed May 28, 2020.
http://www.opr.ca.gov/ceqa/updates/sb-743/transit-
oriented.html.
Public Law 110–140—December 19, 2007. Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007. Accessed August 10, 2020. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-110publ140/pdf/PLAW-110publ140.pdf.
Santa Clara Valley Water District. Andersen Dam Flood Inundation Maps. 2016. Accessed on August 14, 2020. Available at
https://www.valleywater.org/sites/default/files/Anderson%20Dam%20Inundation%20Maps%20 2016.pdf.
Santa Clara Valley Water District. 2016 Groundwater Management Plan. https://s3.us-west-
2.amazonaws.com/assets.valleywater.org/2016%20Groundwater%20Management%20Plan.pdf.
Accessed on August 14, 2020.
S
ilicon Valley Clean Energy. “Frequently Asked Questions.” Accessed August 10, 2020. https://www.svcleanenergy.org/faqs.
USDA. Custom Soil Resource Report for Santa Clara Area, California, Western Part. https://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx. Accessed August 14, 2020.
United States Department of Energy. Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007. Accessed August 10, 2020. http://www.afdc.energy.gov/laws/eisa.
State of California, Department of Finance. “E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, 2011-2018.” Accessed August 14, 2020. http://www.dof.ca.gov/Forecasting/Demographics/Estimates/E-5/.
United States Department of the Interior. “Memorandum M-37050. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act Does Not Prohibit Incidental Take.” Accessed July 28, 2020. https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/uploads/m-37050.pdf.
United States Energy Information Administration. “State Profile and Energy Estimates, 2017.” Accessed August 11, 2020.
https://www.eia.gov/state/?sid=CA#tabs-2.
United States Environmental Protection Agency. “Superfund: CERCLA Overview.” Accessed May 11, 2020. https://www.epa.gov/superfund/superfund-cercla-overview.
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United States Environmental Protection Agency. “Summary of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.” Accessed May 11, 2020. https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary- resource-conservation-and-recovery-act.
United States Environmental Protection Agency. “The 2018 EPA Automotive Trends Report:
Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Fuel Economy, and Technology since 1975.” March 2019.
US Geological Survey. UCERF3: A New Earthquake Forecast for California’s Complex Fault System. Fact Sheet 2015–3009. March 2015. Available at:
http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3009/pdf/fs2015-3009.pdf. Accessed August 13, 2020.
Valley Water. “E2: Sunnyvale East and Sunnyvale West Channels Flood Protection.” Accessed June 1, 2023. https://www.valleywater.org/project-updates/e2-sunnyvale-east-and-sunnyvale-west- channels-flood-protection.
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SECTION 6.0 LEAD AGENCY AND CONSULTANTS
LEAD AGENCY
City of Sunnyvale
Nathan Scribner, Assistant City Engineer
CONSULTANTS
David J. Powers & Associates, Inc.
Environmental Consultants and Planners
Akoni Danielsen, Principal Project Manager
Maria Kisyova, Project Manager
Ryan Osako, Graphic Artist
Hexagon Transportation Consultants, Inc.
Transportation Consultants
Robert Del Rio, Vice President
HMH
Landscape Architects
William Sowa, Certified Arborist
Holman & Associates
Archaeological and Cultural Resources Consultants
Sunsine Psota, Senior Associate
Illingworth & Rodkin, Inc.
Air Quality & Acoustics Consultants
Jay Witt, Air Quality Consultant
James Reyff, Air Quality Consultant
Michael Thill, Noise Consultant
Carrie Janello, Senior Consultant
Mimi McNamara, Staff Consultant
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SECTION 7.0 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
2017 CAP Bay Area 2017 Clean Air Plan
AB Assembly Bill
ABAG Association of Bay Area Governments
ACM asbestos containing material
AIA Airport Influence Area
ALUC Airport Land Use
BAAQMD Bay Area Air Quality Management District
Basin Plan Water Quality Control Plan for the San Francisco Bay Basin BMP Best Management Practice
Btu British thermal units
CalEEMod California Emissions Estimator Model
CalEPA California Environmental Protection Agency
CAL FIRE California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Cal/OSHA California Department of Industrial Relations, Division of Occupational Safety and Health
Caltrans California Department of Transportation
CARB California Air Resources Board
CBC California Building Standards Code
CDFW California Department of Fish and Wildlife
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CGS California Geological Survey
CH4 methane
CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan
CMP Congestion Management Program
CNEL Community Noise Equivalent Level
CO carbon monoxide
CO2 carbon dioxide
CO2e carbon dioxide equivalents
CRHR California Register of Historical Resources
CUPA Certified Unified Program Agency
Attachment 5
Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 144 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
dBA A-weighted decibel
DNL Day-Night Level
DPM diesel particulate matter
DTSC Department of Toxic Substances Control
EIR Environmental Impact Report
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ESD Environmental Services Department
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FAR Part 77 Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 77 Objects Affecting Navigable Airspace FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHSZ Fire hazard severity zone
FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map
FMMP Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program
FTA Federal Transit Authority
GHG Greenhouse gas
GPA General Plan Amendment
GWh gigawatt hours
GWP Global warming potential
Habitat Plan Santa Clara Valley Habitat Plan/Natural Community Conservation Plan HFCs Hydrofluorocarbons
HOV High occupancy vehicle
Leq Average energy level intensity
Lmax Maximum A-weighted noise level
LID Low Impact Development
LOS Level of Service
LUTE Land Use and Transportation Element
MBTA Migratory Bird Treaty Act
mgd million gallons per day
MLD Most Likely Descendant
MMTCO2e million metrics tons of carbon dioxide equivalent MND Mitigated Negative Declaration
mpg miles per gallon
MTC Metropolitan Transportation Commission
Attachment 5
Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 145 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
NAHC Native American Heritage Commission
NFIP National Flood Insurance Program
NHPA National Historic Preservation Act
NOD Notice of Determination
NOI Notice of Intent
N2O nitrous oxide
NOx nitrogen oxides
NO2 nitrogen dioxide
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
NRHP National Register of Historic Places
O3 ground-level ozone
OEHHA California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment OITC Outdoor-Indoor Transmission Class
OPR Office of Planning and Research
PDAs Priority Development Areas
PFCs Perfluorocarbons
PG&E Pacific Gas and Electric Company
PM particulate matter
PM2.5 fine particulate matter
PM10 coarse particulate matter
PPV Peak Particle Velocity
RHNA Regional Housing Need Allocation
ROG reactive organic gases
RWQCB Regional Water Quality Control Board
SB Senate Bill
SCS Sustainable Communities Strategy
SCRWA South County Regional Wastewater Authority
SCVWD Santa Clara Valley Water District
SHMA Seismic Hazards Mapping Act
SF6 Sulfur hexafluoride
SFHAs Special Flood Hazard Areas
SMARA Surface Mining and Reclamation Act
SMGB State Mining and Geology Board
Attachment 5
Lakewood Branch Library Facility and Learning Center 146 Draft Initial Study City of Sunnyvale October 2023
SOx sulfur oxides
SR State Route
STC Sound Transmission Class
SVCE Silicon Valley Clean Energy
SWPCP Sunnyvale Water Pollution Control Plant
SWPPP Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan
SWRCB State Water Resources Control Board
TACs Toxic air contaminants
TCRs Tribal Cultural Resources
TIA Traffic Impact Analysis
tpy tons per year
USACE United States Army Corps of Engineers
USFWS United States Fish and Wildlife Service
USGS United States Geological Survey
UWMP Urban Water Management Plan
VTA Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority
Attachment 5