Union City City Council
May 23, 2023

Min. Site
Area Per DU
(sq. ft.) 13
Lot Width
Interior
Lot (ft.)
Lot Width
Corner
Lot (ft.)
Lot
Depth
Front
Yard
Side Yards (Permitted Uses Only)
Rear
Yard
(ft.)
Lot
Coverage
(%)
Max.

Height
(ft.)7 Street
Side (ft.)
Interior
Side (ft.)
Second
Story
Setback
MMU Marketplace Mixed Use 435 100 200 6 6 (14) 6 — 6 — 100 VMU Village Mixed Use 1,452 — — — — (10) — (11) — (11) — — (11) — 40 (12) R511 (7) Single-Family Res, 511 Specific Plan 6,000 60 — 100 20 15 5/15 (8) — 20 — 30 Notes:
1) Corner lots must have an area at least ten percent greater than the minimum required. 2) May be reduced by 5 feet if all parking is located at rear of site or is entered parallel to the front property line. 3) Not more than 10 feet shall be required and not less than five feet shall be permitted. In the RS 4500 district, side yards may be eliminated on one side [zero lot line], provided there are no windows or other openings in the side wall. See ordinance for additional requirements 4) The rear yard may be reduced to 15 feet if remaining rear or side yard has a square footage of 20 percent or more of the total lot area and a dimension of not less than fifteen feet. 5) The rear yard may be reduced to 10 feet if there remains a portion of the rear or side yard which has an area of not less than 15 percent of the site and a dimension of not less than 10 feet. 6) One foot shall be added at ground level to each required yard for each 3 feet of height by which the structure exceeds 12 feet. 7) 511 Area district standards differ based on the type of unit. The numbers in the table represent standards for a single family detached unit. See Municipal Code 18.100.050 for additional standards.
8) “Minimum/Aggregate.” This means the minimum distance from the lot line to a structure / the total distance between structures on adjoining lots. 9) For structures which exceed 20 feet in height, the required setbacks shall be a minimum of 25 feet. 10) On Union City Boulevard, the front yard setback shall be five feet from the property line and a minimum of 15 feet from the face of curb to ensure a comfortable pedestrian environment. 11) Where the side property line of a site adjoins property in a R, RS or RM district, a side yard setback or rear yard setback of not less than 20 feet adjoining the residential district shall be required.
12) The height limit may be increased to a maximum of 50 feet subject to a use permit. Before the approval of any structure which exceeds 40 feet, the decision maker must make a finding that any such excess height will not be detrimental to the light, air or privacy of any other structure or use within the surrounding area. 13) The maximum density (expressed as minimum site area per dwelling unit) may be exceeded with a Density Bonus, see page 6-35. 14) Buildings with frontage on Decoto Road or Alvarado-Niles Road shall a minimum setback of twenty (20) feet from these frontages. The setback can be reduced to a minimum of 10 feet for up to 10 percent of the building frontage to accommodate variations in building design subject to site development review.

Source: Union City Zoning Ordinance, October 2021.

City Council/RSA Agenda 688 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-8 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 An analysis of the residential standards, shown in Table 6-2, indicates that most of these requirements are not a constraint to the development of housing. For the most part, the lot size, lot frontage, setback, and building height requirements are reasonable for each zone since they balance the need for privacy with the need to allow the maximum possible density. The City has found that the permitted densities are adequate to promote a variety of housing types in Union City. However, the development standards in the RM 1500, RM 2500, and RM 3500 zones have the potential to prevent multifamily housing from achieving the maximum allowed densities, specifically the 30 foot height limit, 40 percent lot coverage, and 20 foot setback requirements. The Housing Element includes an implementation program to review and revise these standards to facilitate multifamily housing in these zones.

In addition, in conducting this analysis as part of the Housing Element, the City identified a discrepancy in the standards for the CMU district. The minimum lot size in the CMU district is 20,000 square feet with a minimum site area of 2,562 square feet per dwelling unit; however, the City noticed that the minimum lot dimensions (200 feet x 150 feet) equate to a lot size of 30,000 square feet. The City recently (November 2022) amended the standards for lot depth and minimum site area per dwelling unit for the CMU zone to ensure developments can achieve the maximum density/intensity allowed in the zone.

Decoto Industrial Park Study Area
The Zoning Code includes Chapter 18.102 Decoto Industrial Park Study Area (DIPSA), which contains special provisions to implement the Specific Plan for the DIPSA, now referred to as the Station District. The key regulations within this section of the Code include the following:
 Direct access to Mission Boulevard from individual residential parcels shall be prohibited.  A minimum of a 100 foot buffer is required between residential and the powerlines.

This section of the Zoning Code was recently updated following adoption of the Station District Specific Plan.

Specific Plans
The City has two adopted specific plans and one specific plan currently (2022) in process. The 511 Specific Plan, adopted in 1987, applies to a 905-acre site located on the west side of Union City, located between the City’s southerly boundary line and Horner Street . The plan, which allows for a range of single-family housing types, is primarily built out. The last remaining development within the area is a 33 single-family-unit project referred to as Turk Island, approved in 2018.

The City adopted the Station District Specific Plan in October 2022. This plan is described in more detail below. The Hillside Specific Plan is currently being prepared, and is expected to be adopted within the timeframe of the 2023-2031 Housing Element.

City Council/RSA Agenda 689 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-9 Station District Specific Plan
The Station District is a 471-acre area surrounding the Union City Intermodal Station. The new Specific Plan replaced the DIPSA Specific Plan. The 2040 General Plan envisions the Station District as a world-class, transit-oriented community with new retail, public amenities, and highdensity housing and job centers, all linked by bicycle and pedestrian facilities.

The Specific Plan identifies five different subareas within the Station District: The Core, Station East, The Marketplace, Gateway, and Civic Center (shown in Figure 6-1) and contains the goals and vision for development, outlined below.
 The Core is planned to be a major transit hub, business center, and residential community with a high intensity of uses, well connected to the rest of the city.  Station East is planned to be a hub of innovation. The hub will include a significant cluster of technology and office uses and mixed-use housing options.  The Marketplace is anticipated to be a destination with community-serving specialty retail, dining, and entertainment uses, new streets, with a complementary mix of residential, office, and other uses.
 The Gateway will include a variety of housing opportunities integrated with open space, park amenities, and enhanced facilities for bicyclists and pedestrians, facilitated by the future construction of the multimodal Quarry Lakes Parkway.
 Civic Center’s existing mix of land uses is envisioned to largely remain in place. Civic uses are planned to be integrated with the larger District, with new pedestrian and bicycle connections.

One of the Station District’s principal objectives is to facilitate housing development. All new housing is anticipated to be built on vacant land or underutilized existing commercial and industrial land. At full buildout the Station District has the estimated potential to add approximately 4,000 new units with an increased population of approximately 9,400 residents.

City Council/RSA Agenda 690 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-10 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Figure 6-1: Station District Subareas
Source: Station District Specific Plan, May 2022.

City Council/RSA Agenda 691 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-11 The Specific Plan includes reduced parking minimums and instituted parking maximums, as shown in Table 6-3. Consistent with Government Code section 65863.2, parking requirements may be waived for a residential project if the project is located within one-half mile of public transit, which includes the Intermodal Station. This provision eliminates parking requirements for the majority of the Station District area.

TABLE 6-3: STATION DISTRICT OFF-STREET VEHICLE PARKING REQUIREMENTS Land Use Type Minimum Off-Street
Parking Requirements
Maximum Off
Street-Parking
Multi-Family Residential
On BART Property1 All None 0.5 space/unit
All subareas (Outside of BART Property) Studio 0.75 spaces/unit 1.25 space/unit 1 Bedroom 1.0 space/unit 2.0 spaces/unit
2 Bedrooms 1.25 spaces/unit 2.0 spaces/unit
3+ Bedrooms 1.5 spaces/unit 2.5 spaces/unit
Affordable Housing 0.5 spaces/bedroom 2.0 spaces/unit
Visitor Parking None 0.25 spaces/unit
1 Based on AB 2923 requirements
Source: City of Union City. Station District Specific Plan, October 2022.

The Specific Plan also includes the following policies that are relevant to the sites included in the Housing Element:
 Policy P-LU-22: Retail Retention. There shall be no greater than 15% net loss of total commercial space in any future redevelopment in the Marketplace Subarea, with a focus on retaining retail anchors such as grocery stores and drugstores.  Policy P-UD-35: Active Ground Floor Uses. Provide retail, service, public, or office uses along the ground floor of buildings in the areas detailed in Figure 4-6 to enliven and activate streets and enhance the public interface between the buildings and the sidewalk. Within residential developments, the City Council may approve, in its discretion, partial or complete substitution of live/work units and residential amenity space for the required ground floor active uses.

These policies are considered in the estimated development capacity for sites included in the Housing Element sites inventory.

Hillside Specific Plan
The Union City Hillside Area was the subject of the voter-approved Measure B in 1989, which required the preparation of a Hillside Area Plan. The Hillside Area Plan (HAP), adopted on July 25, 1995, provides detailed policy guidance for the Hillside Area, which consists of approximately 6,100 acres in Union City and 1,000 acres in Fremont. Policy 51 of the HAP requires a specific plan be prepared prior to any development in areas designated Agriculture.

The City received an application for development of residential uses in the Union City Hillside Area, and in 2021 initiated development of the Hillside Specific Plan. The future Hillside Specific Plan would implement the policies of the Hillside Area Plan by providing more detailed development City Council/RSA Agenda 692 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-12 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 standards, site design, infrastructure planning, transportation planning, and other guidance and parameters for future development.

Zoning for a Variety of Housing Types
Housing Element Law (Government Code Section 65583(c) (1) and 65583.2(c)) requires that local governments analyze the availability of sites that will “facilitate and encourage the development of a variety of types of housing for all income levels, including multifamily rental housing, factory-built housing, mobile homes, housing for agricultural employees, supportive housing, single-room occupancy units (SROs), emergency shelters, and transitional housing.” This section discusses relevant regulations that govern the development of the types of housing listed above as required by Government Code Section 65583(a) (3).

Multifamily Housing
Multifamily units are permitted uses in the Multifamily Residential (RM) districts: RM 3500, RM 2500, and RM 1500. They are also permitted within the CSMU, CMU, and SEMU-R mixed use districts, and will be allowed within the new VMU district as well. The CMU district requires residential developments to include an activated ground use such as retail or a residential amenity space, leasing office, lobby, or business center. As was shown in Table 6-2, the minimum site area per dwelling unit is included in the district title except in the RM 1500 district, which was modified to allow 1,450 square feet per unit in order to comply with the 30 unit per acre default density (described in more detail in Chapter 3, Sites Inventory).

Each RM district allows for a lot coverage of 40 percent. In the RM 3500 and RM 2500 districts, structures have a maximum height limit of 30 feet, or up to two stories. RM 1500 allows for heights up to 75 feet, or three to four stories. Semi-detached single-family dwellings and attached dwellings containing no less than two units are permitted in RM districts. The RM district standards have been identified as a potential constraint to the development of multifamily housing, and an implementation program has been included in the Housing Element to review and revise the development standards in the RM zones to ensure multifamily housing can achieve the maximum allowed densities.

Manufactured Housing and Mobile Homes
Sections 65852.3 and 65852.4 of the California Government Code specify that a jurisdiction shall allow the installation of manufactured homes on a foundation on all “lots zoned for conventional single family residential dwellings.” Except for architectural requirements, the jurisdiction is only allowed to “subject the manufactured home and the lot on which it is placed to the same development standards to which a conventional single family residential dwelling on the same lot would be subject.” The architectural requirements are limited to width, floor height, façade, roof overhang, roofing material, and siding material.

The only two exceptions that local jurisdiction are allowed to make to the manufactured home siting provisions are if: 1) there is more than 10 years difference between the date of manufacture of the manufactured home and the date of the application for the issuance of an installation permit; or 2) the site is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and regulated by a legislative body pursuant to Government Code Section 37361.

Union City Municipal Code (Section 18.32.020) permits manufactured homes in RS and R (i.e., RS 10000, RS 8000, RS 7000, RS 6000, RS 4500, RS 5000, R 5000, R 511) districts as the sole principal residence, but the unit must be provided with a continuous concrete foundation, permanent utility City Council/RSA Agenda 693 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-13 connections, and conform to all applicable building, plumbing, and electrical and fire codes. Union City’s Municipal Code is consistent with State law and provides for the construction of manufactured homes and mobile homes.

Mobile Home Parks
Section 65852.7 of the California Government Code specifies that mobile home parks shall be a permitted use on “all land planned and zoned for residential land use.” However, local jurisdictions are allowed to require use permits for mobile home parks.

While requirements for manufactured homes or mobile homes are covered in Title 18 of the Municipal Code, mobile home park requirements are detailed in Title 16 of the Municipal Code, Mobile Home Parks. Union City’s Municipal Code allows mobile home parks in any residential or agricultural districts with the granting of a use permit. The minimum site area for a mobile home park development is 20 acres.

Housing for Farmworkers
The provisions of Section 17020 (et seq.) of the California Health and Safety Code relating to employee housing and labor camps supersede any ordinance or regulations enacted by local governments. Such housing is allowed in all jurisdictions in California pursuant to the regulations set forth in Section 17020. Section 17021.5(b) states, for example:
“Any employee housing providing accommodations for six or fewer employees shall be deemed a single-family structure with a residential land use designation for the purposes of this section. For the purpose of all local ordinances, employee housing shall not be included within the definition of a boarding house, rooming house, hotel, dormitory, or other similar term that implies that the employee housing is a business run for profit or differs in any other way from a family dwelling. No conditional use permit, zoning variance, or other zoning clearance shall be required of employee housing that serves six or fewer employees that is not required of a family dwelling of the same type in the same zone.” Section 17021.6, concerning farmworker housing, states that:
“No conditional use permit, zoning variance, or other zoning clearance shall be required of this employee housing [consisting of no more than 36 beds in a group quarters or 12 units] that is not required of any other agricultural activity in the same zone.” Union City’s Municipal Code does not specifically address the requirements of State law for farm labor housing. The Housing Element includes a program to amend the zoning ordinance to comply with State law requirements regarding farmworker housing.

Emergency Shelters, Transitional Housing, and Supportive Housing Emergency Shelters
Pursuant to State housing law (California Government Code Sections 65582, 65583, and 65589.5), jurisdictions must identify at least one zone where emergency shelters are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit. The identified zone must have sufficient capacity to accommodate the shelter need, and at a minimum provide capacity for at least one year-round shelter. Permit processing, development standards, and management standards for emergency shelters must be objective and facilitate the development of, or conversion to, emergency City Council/RSA Agenda 694 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-14 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 shelters. Emergency shelters “may only be subject to those development and management standards that apply to residential or commercial development within the same zone” along with a list of exceptions that may be made. The Union City Municipal Code defines emergency shelters as:
“a publicly or privately operated housing facility maintained to provide supervised temporary, short-term residence for homeless individuals or families offering programs that provide counseling, social services, and case management, either on or off site. No facility shall be used for more than six months by any individual or family.” The City allows emergency shelters in the Private Institutional (PI) zone by right. In addition to the development standards in the underlying zoning district, the following standards apply to emergency shelters:

1. Facility shall comply with applicable Federal, State, and local licensing standards and requirements for any program incidental to the emergency shelter.

2. Facility shall comply with applicable State and local uniform housing and building code requirements.

3. On-site management shall be provided at all times.

4. On-site security shall be provided during all hours when the shelter is open.

5. Exterior lighting shall be provided on pedestrian pathways and parking lot areas on the property. Lighting shall reflect away from residential areas and public streets.

6. Secure areas for personal property shall be provided.

7. Emergency shelters shall not exceed 20 beds.

8. The maximum term for people staying at an emergency shelter is 6 months in a consecutive 12-month period.

9. A minimum of one parking space for each six beds at maximum capacity. Plus one parking space for each two employees shall be provided.

10. A facility management plan shall be submitted by the operator of the emergency shelter and approved by the Economic and Community Development Department prior to establishment of the use that addresses: management experience, good neighbor issues, transportation, client supervision, client services, and food services. The plan shall include a floor plan that demonstrates compliance with the physical standards of this section. The operator of the emergency shelter shall submit a statement on an annual basis (measured from the date of the original establishment of the use), that the facility is operating in compliance with the approved management plan or shall submit an updated management plan, for review and approval by the Economic and Community Development Department, that reflects any changes from the approved version. The City Council may establish a fee by resolution, to cover the administrative cost of review of the required management plan.

Assembly Bill 139, passed in 2019, revised State housing element law by requiring that emergency shelters only be required to provide sufficient parking to accommodate all staff working in the emergency shelter, provided that the standards do not require more parking for emergency shelters than other residential or commercial uses within the same zone.

City Council/RSA Agenda 695 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-15 With the exception of the parking standards set forth in the Municipal Code, Union City’s standards for emergency shelter facilities comply with the allowances made for standards set forth under Government Code Section 65583(a)(4)(A). However, the 20-bed limit is restrictive. Program HE-7.A commits the City to increasing the bed limit for emergency shelters to 50 beds. Through this program, the City will also amend its parking standards for emergency shelters to comply with Assembly Bill 139.

Zoning for Emergency Shelters
As described in Chapter 2, Existing Needs Assessment, the 2022 point-in-time count identified 489 unsheltered homeless individuals in Union City, a four-fold increase from the 2019 estimate of 106 individuals. This large increase is partially a reflection of the City’s recently established safe parking program called CAREvan, which provides a safe place for individuals to sleep in their car or van. In fact, 87 percent of homeless individuals surveyed (423 people) were living in their car, van, or RV.

This finding suggests that traditional emergency shelter facilities are likely not the greatest need in Union City, since they do not generally provide vehicle parking. However, State law requires the City to demonstrate that it has adequate zoning to accommodate at least the unmet needs of the homeless population based on the latest point-in-time count. So, despite the fact that the greatest need is for safe parking for cars, vans, and RVs, the City must demonstrate adequate sites for traditional emergency shelters for 489 individuals. With the City’s 20-bed limit for emergency shelter facilities, approximately 25 sites would be needed to meet this need. However, with the proposed increase to 50 beds per shelter, 10 sites would be needed.

As shown in Table 6-4, there are currently (2022) seven PI-zoned sites in the city with religious facilities on-site, but additional developable acreage that could potentially be utilized to develop emergency shelter facilities. Six of the sites are estimated to be large enough to accommodate at least 50 beds, and the 4216 Dyer Street site is estimated to be able to accommodate about 35 beds, for a total estimated capacity of 335 beds. This capacity is insufficient to accommodate the unmet need for 489 beds.

TABLE 6-4: POTENTIAL SITES FOR EMERGENCY SHELTERS IN PRIVATE INSTITUTIONAL (PI) DISTRICT, UNION CITY (2022)
APN Description Total
Acreage
Estimated
Developable Acreage
475-148-2 32975 Alvarado Niles Rd (Buddhist Temple) 3.9 1.4 483-76-67 32223 Cabello St (St Anne’s Catholic Church) 6.1 1.0 483-73-4-2 4216 Dyer St (Bethel Baptist Church) 1.8 0.3 475-90-5 33115 Central Ave (Church at Union City) 5.0 1.5 87-40-6-10; 87-
40-7-4; 87-40-7-3
Chapel of the Chimes Memorial Park & Funeral
Home

56.7 4.5
486-15-52-1;
486-15-52-2
33225 6th Street (Our Lady of the Rosary
Catholic Church)

4.2 0.9
486-99-6 34201 Alvarado Niles Rd (The Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints)

5.2 2.4
Total 82.9 12
Source: Ascent, 2022.

City Council/RSA Agenda 696 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-16 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 However, effective January 1, 2023, Assembly Bill (AB) 2239 was passed in 2022, which amended Government Code Section 65583(a)(4) to require the zoning district where emergency shelters are permitted by-right to be a residential zone or a mixed-use zone. If it’s a mixed-use zone, the City needs to demonstrate that sites with this zoning designation are located near amenities and services that serve people experiencing homelessness, which may include, health care, transportation, retail, employment, and social services. To comply with the requirement the program included in the Housing Element ensures that the zone where the City will permit emergency shelters by-right will be a residential or mixed-use zoning district(s) that has capacity to accommodate 489 beds. Potential zoning districts that the City will consider CMU, VMU, and the RM zoning districts. These zoning districts have the following available sites in the sites inventory, with the following capacities1 :
• CMU: Four sites totaling 4.7 acres with a combined capacity for 200 shelter beds. • VMU: Two sites totaling 7.8 acres with a combined capacity for 100 shelter beds. • RM Districts: Five sites totaling 13.2 acres with a combined capacity for 250 shelter beds.

In total, the City has 11 sites with potential capacity for 550 shelter beds in the CMU, VMU, and RM districts assuming a 50-bed limitation per site. These zones would provide adequate sites to accommodate 489 beds.

Transitional and Supportive Housing
Transitional housing is designed to assist homeless individuals and families in moving beyond emergency shelter and into permanent housing by helping people develop independent living skills through the provision of supportive services. Permanent supportive housing is housing that is linked to services that assist residents in maintaining housing, improving health, and maximizing ability to live and work in the community. In compliance with State law, the City Zoning Code defines “transitional housing” and “supportive housing” as follows:
 Transitional Housing - “rental housing operated under the Multifamily Housing Program, as described in Section 50675 ct. al. of the Health and Safety Code, that calls for the termination of assistance and recirculation of the assisted unit to another eligible program recipient at some predetermined point in time, which shall be no less than six months and in no case more than two years. Transitional housing units are residential uses subject only to those requirements and restrictions that apply to other residential uses of the same type in the same zone.”  Supportive Housing - “housing with no limit on length of stay, that is occupied by a target population, as defined by State law, that is linked to onsite or offsite services that assist the supportive housing resident in retaining the housing, improve his or her health status, and/or maximizing his or her ability to live and, when possible, to work in the community. Supportive housing units are residential uses subject only to those requirements and restrictions that apply to other residential uses of the same zone.”
Per recent changes in State law (AB 2162), the City must also allow 100 percent affordable projects by right where multi-family and mixed-use development is permitted if the project includes 25 1 Shelter bed capacity was calculated using methodology outlined in Government Code Section 65583 subdivision (a)(4)(H), which says “the number of people experiencing homelessness that can be accommodated on any site shall be demonstrated by dividing the square footage of the site by a minimum of 200 square feet per person,” but also assumes a 50-bed limitation for emergency shelters, per Housing Element Program HE-7.A. If a higher bed limitation is established, additional capacity can be accommodated on each site listed in the inventory.

City Council/RSA Agenda 697 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-17 percent, or 12 units of, supportive housing. The Housing Element includes an implementation program to comply with this new provision of State law, Government Code Section 65651(a) (see Program HE-7.A in Chapter 9).

Low Barrier Navigation Centers
AB 101, passed in 2019, requires that a low barrier navigation center be a use permitted by right in mixed-use zones and nonresidential zones permitting multifamily uses if it meets specified requirements. AB 101 defines “low barrier navigation center” as a housing first, low-barrier, serviceenriched shelter focused on moving people into permanent housing that provides temporary living facilities while case managers connect individuals experiencing homelessness to income, public benefits, health services, shelter, and housing. The Housing Element includes an implementation program to amend the Zoning Code to comply with this new requirement of Government Code Section 65662 (Program HE-7.A).

Accessory Dwelling Units
An accessory dwelling unit (ADU) is an additional self-contained living unit, either attached to or detached from the primary residential unit on a single lot, also referred to as a secondary dwelling unit.

The unit is required to include cooking, sleeping, full sanitation facilities, and separate, exterior entrance. ADUs are an important source of affordable housing since they can be constructed relatively cheaply and have no associated land costs. They can also provide supplemental income to the homeowner, allowing them to remain in their homes or moderate-income families to afford houses.

Recognizing that ADUs are part of the solution for addressing the statewide affordable housing shortage, California lawmakers have passed several bills in recent years to facilitate the development of ADUs. To encourage establishment of ADUs, State law requires cities and counties to either adopt an ordinance based on standards set out in the law authorizing ADUs in residentially-zoned areas, or where no ordinance has been adopted, to allow ADUs on lots zoned for single family or multifamily use that contain an existing single-family unit subject to ministerial approval (“by right”) if they meet standards set out by law. In 2021, the City amended the Municipal Code by establishing Chapter 18.34, Accessory Dwelling Units, to codify applicable development standards and criteria for ADUs and Junior Accessory Dwelling Units (JADUs) in one location within the City’s zoning ordinance and to comply with the recent changes in State law regarding ministerial review and approval. Establishment of this new chapter also streamlines and simplifies the process for further amendments as necessary in response to future State legislation. The City made further amendments in September 2022 to incorporate objective design standards.

In Union City, ADUs are permitted within all single family, multifamily, and mixed-use residential districts. JADUs are a specific type of ADU that is no more than 500 square feet and built entirely within an existing single-unit or duplex dwelling residence. ADUs and JADUs are subject to the following criteria:
 On lots with an existing or proposed single-family dwelling, one ADU and up to one JADU is allowed per parcel. An ADU can be either attached or detached to the primary residence but JADUs must be constructed entirely within the walls of an existing primary residence.  ADUs may be allowed within existing portions of a multifamily or mixed-use development that are not used as livable space. At least one attached ADU or up to two detached ADUs may be provided per lot.

City Council/RSA Agenda 698 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-18 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031  ADUs shall meet the setback requirements for the primary residence in the zoning district in which it is located (with a few exceptions as allowed/required by UCMC Sec. 18.34.030).  ADUs must be between 150 and 1,000 square feet in floor area. Each unit shall, at minimum, include a full bathroom including shower and/or bathtub, a sleeping area, permanent cooking facilities, and a separate, exterior entrance.
 The total lot coverage for all buildings shall not exceed the allowable lot coverage for the zoning district except that such ratio shall not prohibit an 800 square foot ADU meeting the maximum height and minimum setback requirements.
 ADUs and JADUs may not be sold separately from the primary residence but may be rented separately. ADUs and JADUs may not be used for short-term rentals (less than 30 days).  For properties with JADUs, the primary residence must be owner-occupied, but the owner may reside in either the JADU or the primary residence. This owner-occupancy requirement does not apply to primary residences owned by a public agency, land trust, or non-profit housing organization.
 No additional parking shall be required in the creation of an ADU. When an existing garage, carport or covered parking structure is demolished in conjunction with the construction of an ADU or converted into an ADU, the parking spaces shall not be required to be replaced.

However, if a covered and enclosed parking space is demolished in the construction of the JADU, then the parking space shall be replaced at a ratio of one-to-one.  The ADU must meet specified objective design standards related to building facades and materials, windows and glazing, roof form and detailing, and entryway features.  ADUs are prohibited from having exterior stairways or balconies.

The City will make further amendments to the ordinance, as necessary, to remain consistent with State law and reflect local needs. The City recognizes that State law regarding ADUs is constantly changing and has included a program to track legislative changes and modify Chapter 18.34 of the City’s code as necessary (Program HE-2.D).

Single-Room Occupancy Units
Single-room occupancy (SRO) units can provide affordable private housing for lower-income individuals, seniors, and persons with disabilities. An SRO unit is usually small, between 200 to 350 square feet. These units can also serve as an entry point into the housing market for formerly homeless people.

In the Union City Zoning Ordinance, SROs fall under the definition of “lodging rooming house.” As defined in Sec. 18.08.300: “a “lodging rooming house” is a building other than a hotel where lodging is provided for three (3) or more persons for compensation pursuant to previous arrangements but not open to the public or transients. This definition also encompasses Single Room Occupancy (SRO) housing.” A lodging rooming house is permitted in the RM 1500 district.

The current Zoning Code provisions for SROs limits the potential for SROs in Union City. The Housing Element includes a program to define SROs as a separate use, expand the zones where SROs are permitted, and ensure development standards, including parking, facilitate the development of SROs.

City Council/RSA Agenda 699 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-19 Senate Bill 9 Subdivisions
Senate Bill 9 (SB 9) became effective January 1, 2022. The bill mandates local jurisdictions to ministerially approve two unit developments and urban lot splits within a single-family residential zone, without discretionary review or hearing, if the proposed development meets certain requirements. For SB 9 developments, the City may apply objective zoning, subdivision, and design standards. The City adopted an ordinance in November 2021 to comply with this new State law requirement. The ordinance added Chapter 18.31, SB 9 Subdivisions and Development Projects, to the Union City Municipal Code. The City amended the ordinance in 2022 to provide greater clarity and flexibility for SB 9 applications. For the most part, the development standards of the primary zone apply, including setbacks, height, and lot coverage. The City also included a limitation of new home size to 2,000 square feet. The Housing Element includes a program to further analyze existing development standards and ensure the standards facilitate new missing middle housing types. This may include increasing lot coverage, height, and/or setbacks to support the feasibility of new infill housing in traditionally single-family neighborhoods.

Residential Care Facilities and Other Zoning Provisions for Persons with Disabilities
Group homes can provide persons with disabilities the opportunity to live in a non-institutionalized setting within local communities. There are provisions in State law that explicitly require Statelicensed group homes for six or fewer to be treated the same as any other residential use. As demonstrated below, the City’s Zoning Ordinance complies with these explicit requirements of State law. However, HCD recently produced a Group Home Technical Advisory (December 2022) that explains that local governments have an affirmative obligation under State law to promote for inclusive communities and affirmatively further fair housing. This includes treating group homes of all sizes, whether licensed or unlicensed, the same as any other residential use to ensure persons with disabilities have equal opportunity to live in a community.

Small Community Care Facilities
Section 1566.3 of the California Health and Safety Code requires residential facilities serving six or fewer persons to be considered a residential use of property for purposes of local zoning ordinances. No local agency can impose stricter zoning or building and safety standards on these residential facilities — such as a use permit (UP), zoning variance or other zoning clearance — than is required of a family dwelling of the same type in the same zone.

Residential care facilities fall under the definition of “community care facility” in Union City’s Zoning Ordinance. The zoning code does not restrict small community care facilities but treats them like any other residential dwelling unit.

Large Community Care Facilities
As indicated previously in Table 6-1, Union City’s Zoning Ordinance provides for Community Care Facilities with more than six occupants in all zoning districts where residential uses are permitted, subject to approval of a Use Permit by the Planning Commission. Community care facilities for more than six people are allowed by right in the Civic Facilities (CF) District. The requirement for a use permit has the potential to impact the housing supply and choice for persons with disabilities.

The Housing Element includes an implementation program to permit community care facilities for City Council/RSA Agenda 700 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-20 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 more than six persons as a permitted use in all zones where other residential uses are permitted subject to the same requirements of other residential uses of the same type in the same zone.

Reasonable Accommodation
State and Federal laws prohibit housing discrimination against persons with disabilities in land use practices and decisions, such as applying special requirements that limit the ability of disabled individuals to live in the residence of their choice. Both the Federal Fair Housing Act and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act direct local governments to make reasonable accommodations (i.e., modifications or exceptions) in their zoning laws and other land use regulations when such accommodations may be necessary to afford persons with disabilities an equal opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling. For example, it may be reasonable to accommodate requests from persons with disabilities to waive a setback requirement or other standard of the Zoning Ordinance to ensure that homes are accessible for the mobility impaired. Whether a particular modification is reasonable depends on the circumstances.

According to State law, a request for a reasonable accommodation may only be denied if:
(1) The individual on whose behalf the accommodation was requested is not an individual with a disability;
(2) There is no disability-related need for the requested accommodation (in other words, there is no connection between the disability and the requested accommodation); (3) The requested accommodation would constitute a fundamental alteration of the services or operations of the person who is asked to provide the accommodation; (4) The requested accommodation would impose an undue financial and administrative burden on the person who is asked to provide the accommodation; or (5) The requested accommodation would constitute a direct threat to the health or safety of others (i.e., a significant risk of bodily harm) or would cause substantial physical damage to the property of others, and such risks cannot be sufficiently mitigated or eliminated by another reasonable accommodation.2
Chapter 18.115 of the City Zoning Ordinance outlines the City’s process for providing reasonable accommodation. Requests for reasonable accommodation are reviewed by the Zoning Administrator. The following findings are required to be described in the written decision from the Zoning Administrator:
 Whether the housing will be used by a person with a disability under the Federal Fair Housing Act and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act (“the Acts”);  Whether the application for reasonable accommodation is necessary to make specific housing available to a person with a disability under the Acts;  Whether the reasonable accommodation would impose an undue financial, administrative or enforcement burden on the City;
 Whether the reasonable accommodation would require a fundamental alteration in the nature of a City program or law; including but not limited to land use and zoning; 2 Cal Code Regs., tit. 2, § 12179.

City Council/RSA Agenda 701 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-21  Potential impact on surrounding uses;
 Physical attributes of the property and structures; and  Other reasonable accommodations that may provide an equivalent level of benefit.

Some of these findings are subjective, including the potential impact on surrounding uses, and have the potential to limit reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities. The Housing Element includes an implementation program to adopt objective findings for approving reasonable accommodation requests.

Definition of Family
There are a number of State and Federal rules that govern the definition of family, including the Federal Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988, the California Fair Housing and Employment Act, the California Supreme Court case City of Santa Barbara v. Adamson (1980), and the California Constitution privacy clauses. The laws for families have a few primary purposes: to protect people with disabilities, to protect non-traditional families, and to protect privacy. According to HCD and Mental Housing Advocacy Services there are three major points to consider when writing a definition of family:
 Jurisdictions may not distinguish between related and unrelated individuals.  The definition may not impose a numerical limit on the number of persons in a family.  Land use restrictions for licensed group homes for six or fewer individuals must be the same as those for single families.

The City defines a “family” as “one or more persons occupying a dwelling and living as a single notfor-profit housekeeping unit as distinguished from a group occupying a hotel, club, boardinghouse, fraternity, or sorority house.” This definition is not considered restrictive.

Affordable Housing Ordinance
In May 2001 the City Council adopted the Affordable Housing Ordinance (Municipal Code Chapter

18.33) to ensure new residential development provides a range of housing opportunities for all economic segments of the community. The City has amended the ordinance several times, most recently in 2018. The Affordable Housing Ordinance requires all new housing developments in the city to make 15 percent of those units affordable to very low-, low- and moderate-income households. For rental projects the required distribution of the 15 percent affordable units is 30 percent very low-income and 70 percent low-income units, and for ownership projects the required distribution is 10 percent low-income, 30 percent moderate income at 81-100 percent area median income, and 60 percent moderate income at 101-120 percent area median income.

Small projects consisting of six units or less pay an in-lieu fee for their housing requirement rather than producing the affordable units. For small projects, the base fee is $24,000 per unit. All units exceeding 1,000 square feet, must pay an additional fee of $8 per square foot. Large projects consisting of seven or more units may also satisfy the requirements to provide affordable units by paying an option in-lieu fee for any or all required units. The fee is equal to $27 per square foot of all habitable space within the development. Many recent residential projects from the City have opted to pay the fee in lieu of building the affordable units. Funds from the in-lieu fees are deposited into the Housing In-Lieu Fund. Those fees have been used to contribute to other recent affordable housing projects, such as Lazuli Landing (81-unit affordable housing development). The Affordable Housing City Council/RSA Agenda 702 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-22 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Ordinance does not serve as a constraint to new residential development within Union City, and has generally proven to be a major component in the development of affordable housing in Union City.

As a result of the ordinance, 318 affordable housing units for extremely low-, very low-, low-, and moderate-income households have been built, as shown in Table 6-5. An additional 151 affordable units have been approved, but not yet constructed.

TABLE 6-5: INCLUSIONARY UNITS AS OF MAY 2022, UNION CITY Development Extremely
Low Very Low Low Moderate Total Affordable
Summerhill Homes — — 4 24 28
Pacific Terrace — — — 28 28
Wildrose — — 1 9 10
Ponderosa Cove II — 1 2 3 6
Ivywood — — 1 3 4
Pan Cal — — - 2 2
Alvarado Square — — 1 3 4
Norcal/7th Street — — — 8 8
5th Street Scattered Sites — — — 7 7
Avalon Bay, (24 Union Square) — 20 46 — 66
Station Center 23 132 — — 155
TOTAL 23 153 55 87 318
Source: Union City, May 2022.

Permit Processing Procedures
Preliminary Review Process
Union City requires applicants to have applications reviewed prior to the formal submittal process, which is defined as Preliminary Review (Zoning Ordinance Chapter 18.53). This process requires applicants to submit a preliminary application package for initial feedback on site design, improvements, and other applicable regulations. This process thereby improves the quality of the formal application submittal packages while reducing City staff time required for review and facilitating a streamlined development review process for the applicant. This preliminary review process is separate from the SB 330 preliminary application process, discussed later in this chapter. Figure 6-2 describes the application submittal and review process for project applicants.

Site Development Review (i.e., Design Review)
New residential development that is permitted in a given zone (as shown in Table 6-1) does not require a use permit. Permitted residential developments are subject only to site development review. The purpose of Site Development Review is stated as follows:
“Site development review is intended to promote orderly, attractive and harmonious development and the stability of land values and investments and the general welfare, by preventing the establishment of uses or the erection or maintenance of structures having unsightly, undesirable or obnoxious qualities which are not properly related to their sites, City Council/RSA Agenda 703 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-23 surroundings and traffic circulation in the vicinity, or which would not meet the specific intent clauses or performance standard requirement of the zoning title.” Site Development Review is limited to the physical aspects of the development and does not grant the City discretion over the use itself. The intent is to ensure proposed development is consistent with the General Plan and Zoning Ordinance requirements.

The City reviews new projects through two levels of review. New individual single-family residences are subject to Administrative Site Development Review (Zoning Ordinance Chapter 18.72), which is conducted by the Zoning Administrator. Multifamily developments are subject to Site Development Review (Zoning Ordinance Chapter18.76) by the City Council with the Planning Commission functioning as a recommending body.

Specific findings must be made by the City Council in order to approve a Site Development Review application, or by the Zoning Administrator in order to approve an Administrative Site Development Review. These findings include:
 Consistency with the General Plan and any applicable specific plans;  Consistency with the purposes of Title 18 (i.e., Zoning Ordinance) and the requirements of the district in which the site is located; and
 Consistency with the purpose of Site Development Review as outlined in Section 18.76.010 of the Union City Municipal Code.

Generally, the Planning Commission will consider and make a recommendation on the application to the City Council in one public hearing. The application is then considered by the City Council at the next hearing on its calendar, usually within one month of the Planning Commission hearing. As with the Planning Commission, the City Council generally considers and approves the application in one public hearing, regardless of the size of the project.

In conducting Site Development Review, the City uses design criteria for residential development, which are listed in Zoning Ordinance Section 18.32.125. While the design criteria contain some objective standards, many of the design criteria are subjective. The City is in the process of developing objective design standards to replace the current design criteria, which is described in more detail below.

The City has approved 100 percent of Site Development Review or Administrative Site Development review applications. This is primarily due to the early feedback and direction provided to applicants as part of the preliminary application review.

City Council/RSA Agenda 704 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-24 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Objective Design Standards
The City currently relies on a combination of objective and subjective design standards and guidelines to review and regulate the design of most housing projects. However, the State of California continues to enact new laws that require streamlined housing approval by establishing a by-right, ministerial approval process for multifamily residential development. Key to ministerial approval is the replacement of subjective design guidelines with objective standards.

The intent of Objective Design Standards is to provide applicants and developers with a clear understanding of the City’s expectations for mixed-use and multi-family residential project design.

Objective design standards are written as requirements, rather than guidelines; therefore, all mixeduse and multi-family residential projects applying under Housing Accountability Act (HAA) protections shall comply with each standard. Importantly, objective design standards regulate site and structure design only. Projects must also comply with all applicable building permit requirements, zoning code requirements, and development standards such as height, setbacks, lot coverage, etc.

To accommodate the requirements of State law, the City is developing a thorough set of objective design standards to govern the development of multi-family housing, including certain mixed-use projects. The City anticipates adoption of the new Objective Design Standards in Spring/Summer 2023.

City Council/RSA Agenda 705 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-25 Figure 6-2: Development Application Submittal and Review Process Source: City of Union City, 2022.

City Council/RSA Agenda 706 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-26 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Permit Processing Times
The minimum amount of time for processing permits is established by requirements for environmental review, public notice, and by the meetings of the Planning Commission and City Council. While there is little room for processing permits any faster than the City already does, the current practice of automatic review of some Planning Commission permit decisions by the City Council does add several weeks to the total permit processing time. Ultimately, the maximum amount of time for processing residential development permits is set by State law (California Government Code 65920 et. seq.). Some of the average times have increased by three to six months due to infill complexity and extra notification of State requirements.

Table 6-6 summarizes the average time required to process development permits. The processing time needed to obtain development permits and required approvals varies depending on the scope of the project. Smaller projects typically require less time than larger projects. The City strives to keep its permit procedures streamlined and processing times minimal. Administrative Site Development Review projects are generally completed in a time frame of six to eight weeks, which is not a significant constraint. Variances and Use Permits are generally completed in a time frame of two to three months, which is not a significant constraint. The Site Development Review process typically takes an average of 6 months.

TABLE 6-6: AVERAGE PERMIT PROCESSING TIME, UNION CITY (2022) Type of Permit Average Time1
Preliminary Application 1-2 months
General Plan Amendment 12 months
Rezone 6 months
Tentative Tract Map 9 months
Tentative Parcel Map 3-6 months
Site Development Review 6 months
Admin. Site Development Review 6-8 weeks
1 An estimated additional 6-12 months would be necessary if a mitigated negative declaration or environmental impact report is required per the requirements of CEQA.

Source: Union City, Economic and Community Development Department, 2022.

In conclusion, an applicant looking to build a single-family home would submit a preliminary application, which takes 1-2 months to process and go through the administrative site development review process, which takes about 6-8 weeks, for a total of 2.5-4 months for approval.

Most multifamily development applications would first go through the preliminary application process and the site development review process, which in all takes about 7-8 months.

Senate Bill 35
Senate Bill (SB) 35, passed in 2017, requires jurisdictions that have not approved enough housing units to meet their RHNA to provide a streamlined, ministerial entitlement process for housing developments that incorporate affordable housing. Based on Union City’s current (2022) progress toward meeting the Fifth Cycle RHNA, projects with at least 10 percent affordable units qualify for ministerial approval subject only to objective standards. However, to be eligible, projects must also City Council/RSA Agenda 707 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-27 meet a long list of other criteria, including prevailing wage requirements for projects over 11 units.

In order for applicants to take advantage of SB 35, per Government Code Section 65913.4 (10)(b)(1)(a)(et seq.) they need to submit a Notice of Intent and jurisdictions need to give Native American tribes an opportunity for consultation. Union City is in the process of developing a set of objective design standards and would accept SB 35 applications consistent with the law. However, no applicants have requested SB 35 streamlining as of June 2022.

Senate Bill 330
Senate Bill 330 (SB 330), Housing Crisis Act of 2019, prohibits cities and counties from enacting a development policy, standard, or condition that would impose or enforce design standards that are not objective design standards on or after January 1, 2020 [Government Code Section 663300 (b)(C)]. The bill also established specific requirements and limitations on development application procedures.

Per SB 330, housing developers may submit a “preliminary application” for an SB 330 residential development project. Submittal of a SB 330 preliminary application allows a developer to provide a specific subset of information on the proposed housing development before providing the full amount of information required by the local government for a housing development application.

Submittal of the preliminary application secures the applicable development standards and fees adopted at that time. The project is considered vested, and all fees and standards are frozen, unless the project changes substantially. The City has an SB 330 preliminary application form.

Permit Fees and Exactions
Housing construction imposes short- and long-term costs on communities. Short-term costs include the cost of providing planning services and inspections. New residential developments can also result in significant long-term costs relating to the maintenance and improvement of infrastructure, facilities, parks, and streets. To offset these community costs, jurisdictions collect various fees from developers.

The City most recently updated its planning fees in May 2022 and they will be effective until June 30, 2023 (FY 2022/2023). The fee schedule was updated to reflect a 5.2 percent CPI increase in addition to a time/materials deposit approach, a type of cost recovery model for residential development. This model is comparable to surrounding jurisdictions, such as Fremont, Newark, Hayward. Fees depend on the complexity of the project. As an example, a recently multifamily project paid around $49,000 per unit in planning fees. Since the City updated its planning fee structure in 2021, there have not been any requests for single-family residential subdivision projects, so the City is unable to provide a recent example of planning fees for single-family. Table 6-7 shows planning fees commonly required for development based on level of review. Union City’s planning fees are comparable to surrounding jurisdictions and do not present a constraint to the construction of housing.

City Council/RSA Agenda 708 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-28 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 TABLE 6-7: PLANNING FEE SCHEDULE, UNION CITY (FY 2022/2023) Application Type Fee/Cost
Preliminary Review
Preliminary Review $1,578
Preliminary Review for new single-family unit or
second story addition to single-family unit, and
administrative use permits
$550
Site Development Review
Administrative Site Development Review
a. Small Residential Projects (e.g. single detached
accessory structure or balcony)
$2,502
b. Large Residential Projects (e.g. second-story
additions, multiple accessory structures) $3,946
c. Residential Project – Planning Commission
Review
$1,647 (in addition to base fee for residential project type, see a. or b. above)
d. Commercial/Industrial Projects $5,658
e. Commercial/Industrial Project – Planning
Commission Review
$2,296 (in addition to base fee for residential project type, see a. or b. above)
Site Development Review $20,000 (Time & Materials Deposit) Use Permit
Administrative Use Permit $2,502
Use Permit $4,234
Subdivision
Tentative Parcel Map $10,000 (Time & Materials Deposit) Tentative Tract Map (including condominiums) $20,000 (Time & Materials Deposit) Variance
Variance $2,135
Amendments
Zoning Text Amendment $10,000 (Time & Materials Deposit) Zoning Map Amendment $10,000 (Time & Materials Deposit) General Plan Amendment $20,000 (Time & Materials Deposit) Specific Plan Amendment $20,000 (Time & Materials Deposit) Extensions
Administrative Permits (ASD, AUP) $161
Discretionary Permits/Variances (SDR, UP, VAR) $482
Extension of Sign Amortization Period $161
Environmental Review
CEQA Exemption $385
Negative Declaration, Unmitigated (ND) Consultant Cost + 64% Negative Declaration, Mitigated (MND) Consultant Cost + 64% Environmental Impact Report (EIR) Consultant Cost + 64% City Council/RSA Agenda 709 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-29 TABLE 6-7: PLANNING FEE SCHEDULE, UNION CITY (FY 2022/2023) Application Type Fee/Cost
Environmental Review (in house) At cost
Technical Studies (e.g., Cultural Resources, Air
Quality/ Odors, Traffic, Phase 1/Phase 2
Environmental Site
Assessment, Arborist, etc.)
Consultant Cost + 64%
CEQA Filing Fee for Negative Declaration (ND) and
Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND)
$2,598
($2,548 + County Clerk Filing Fee of $50.00)
CEQA Filing Fee for Environmental Impact Report
(EIR)
$3,589.25
($3,539.25 + County Clerk Filing Fee of $50.00)
Other
Development Agreement (including legal) Consultant Cost + 64% Zoning Verification Letter (general) $457
(+ $91 for each related parcel/APN)
Zoning Administrator Written Interpretation $1,092
Staff Planner Hourly Review $192
Planning Inspection (per inspection) $385
Appeals $945
Modifications Base fee without acreage calculation
Senior (65 and over) Resident for Owner-Occupied
Projects 20% Discount
Source: Union City Economic and Community Development Department, July 2021.

Development Impact Fees
The City also collects impact fees to cover the costs of providing the necessary services and infrastructure related to new development projects. Since the passage of Proposition 13 in 1978, local governments in California have come to rely increasingly on impact and connection fees to finance infrastructure. Union City charges several fees on residential development at the building permit stage, as shown in Table 6-8. Projects in the Decoto Industrial Park Study Area (DIPSA) are subject to an additional infrastructure fee of $12,613 per single-family unit and $7,469 per multifamily unit. The estimated City development impact fees for a single family three-bedroom, two-bathroom house of 2,000 square feet are approximately $50,697. There are significant cost savings for multifamily residential development, as development impact fees are estimated at $37,292 per unit.

Other agency fees are estimated at $26,388 per single-family unit and $18,421 per multifamily unit.

The total planning fees and impact fees are estimated at around $77,085 per unit for single-family developments and $55,713 per unit for multifamily developments. Based on recent development costs for affordable units, which ranged from about $660,000 to $820,000 per unit, fees are estimated to be about 7-8 percent of the total development costs. The fees listed in Tables 6-7 and 6- 8 are typical of communities of similar size and situation.

City Council/RSA Agenda 710 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-30 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 TABLE 6-8: RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IMPACT FEES, UNION CITY (FY 2022/2023) Fee Cost
Estimated Fees
Single Family Unit1 Multifamily Rental (per
unit)2
Citywide Development Fees (Economic & Community Development Department) Bedroom Tax $280 per unit (1 br or less); $455 per unit (2 br); $630 per unit (3 br or more) $630 $397 Capital Facilities Fee $12,231 per unit (single family); $8,624 per unit (multifamily, ADU) $12,231 $8,624 Park Facilities Fee $3,098 per unit (non-subdivided property only) $3,098 $3,098 Traffic Signalization $2,062 per unit (single family); $1,649 per unit (multifamily or ADU) $2,062 $1,649 Fire Equipment Acquisition $1.40 per sq. ft. of occupied space above second story -- $397 Community Facilities District $676 (single family residential); $474 (duplex); $332 (low density multifamily residential); $258 (high density multifamily residential) $676 $258 Affordable Housing In-Lieu Fee
Small project (six units or less): $24,000 per unit plus $8 per square foot of habitable space in excess of 1,000 sq. ft. Large project Optional In-Lieu Fee (seven or more units): $27 per square foot of habitable space
$32,000 $22,950
Subtotal $50,697 $37,292
Other Agency Fees
School Mitigation4 $4.60 per sq. ft. $9,200 $3,910
Alameda County Water District
Facilities Connection Fee $7,857 per unit (single family); $6,481 per unit (multifamily) $7,857 $6,481 Domestic Wastewater5 $9,331 (for single family unit less than or equal to 4,500 square feet); $8,030 per unit (multifamily); $4.72 per square foot (ADU) $9,331 $8,030 Subtotal $26,388 $18,421
Total $77,085 $55,713
1 Assumes a single story 3-bedroom 2-bathroom, single family house of 2,000 square feet on 0.25 acres. 2 Assumes 30-unit rental development with an average of 850 square feet in a 3-story multifamily building on 1 acre with a mix of 15 one-bedroom, 10 two-bedroom, and 5 three-bedroom units.

Assumes 8,500 square feet of occupied space in third story. 3 The City complies with the Quimby Act for park land dedication. 4 These fees are established and used by the New Haven Unified School District. 5 Union Sanitary District connection fees.

Sources: New Haven Unified School District, Union Sanitary District, PG&E, Union City Economic and Community Development Department, January 2013.

City Council/RSA Agenda 711 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-31 On- and Off-Site Development Standards
The City requires certain public improvements for residential subdivisions. In 1976 the City adopted these standards to ensure that minimum levels of design and construction quality are maintained and adequate levels of street and facility improvements are provided. Title 17.32 of the Municipal Code describes the public improvements that must be agreed to prior to acceptance and approval of the final subdivision map, as follows:
 Street grading, installation of curbs and gutters, provisions for drainage and construction of drainage structures necessary to the proper use and drainage of the streets and/or to the public safety and convenience;
 Paving of streets and alleys as required;
 Installation of sidewalks as required;
 Provision for a water system with mains of sufficient size and having a sufficient number of outlets to furnish adequate water supply for each lot of the subdivision in accordance with the standards adopted by the City and with sufficient fire hydrants, gated connections and appurtenances to provide adequate fire protection in accordance with the standards of the Fire Department of the City;
 Sanitary sewer facilities and connections for each lot to a sewage system approved by the City Engineer and the sanitary district concerned;
 An approved type of street lighting system;
 Planting of trees as required;
 Installation of street signs as required;
 Installation of a system of monuments and bench marks approved by the City Engineer;  The payment of such fees as established by the City Council pursuant to resolution to cover the pro rata share of the cost of traffic signals as required by the City;  Installation of paths and trails including directional signing.

The City’s on- and off-site development standards have been in place since 1976, and do not represent a constraint to the development of housing. In addition to public improvement standards, the Municipal Code has specific standards for residential streets and parking, as described in the paragraphs below.

Residential Streets
The Union City Subdivision Code Chapter 17.40 requires standard improvements for streets; these requirements were originally adopted in 1969 and have been amended most recently in 2008.

Dependent on the type of project, it enforces standard improvements including street paving, concrete curbs, gutters, and sidewalks, trails, and pathways, a development’s pro rata share of sanitary sewers, storm drains and catch basins, water mains, fire hydrants, ornamental street lighting, standards with underground wiring, traffic signals, undergrounding of all existing overhead or new utilities, and such other specific improvements. All required improvements must be constructed and installed in accordance with City specifications and design. As a primarily built out City Council/RSA Agenda 712 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-32 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 community, most new development in the city does not require building out new streets. Where new streets will be developed (e.g., the Station District and Hillside Area), street improvement standards will be outlined in a Specific Plan. These requirements are similar to other jurisdictions and do not represent a constraint to the development of housing.

Parking
Since off-street parking can require large amounts of land, parking requirements are one of the development standards that can most negatively impact housing development. The cost of land associated with parking, in addition to the costs of construction, paving, and maintenance, drive up the overall cost of development, requiring more funds to assist in the development of affordable housing. Parking standards in some jurisdictions have been arbitrarily established and do not necessarily represent the needs of the people living in the developments. This is especially true for senior and affordable housing developments where occupants are less likely to require more than one parking space.

As shown in Table 6-9, Union City’s off-street parking requirements for residential uses vary by number of bedrooms, except units in the RS and R-5000 districts, which require two covered spaces regardless of size. In the R-5000 district, this standard applies to all new residential development, however existing single-family residences must only maintain one off-street parking space, which needs to be covered. Studio and one-bedroom units in the RM district or condominium conversion projects are required to have a minimum of 1.5 off-street spaces, of which one must be covered.

Two-bedroom units are required to have two spaces, one must be covered. In two-bedroom condominium conversion projects 1.5 spaces must be covered. For condominium conversions with three or more-bedroom units, 2.5 spaces are required and two of which must be covered.

In the CSMU district, parking requirements were modified in 2015 to lower standards to one parking space per unit with additional standards for bicycle facilities and motorcycle parking; see Table 6-9.

In the CSMU, RM 1500, and RM 2500 zoning districts, a minimum of one bicycle parking facility shall be provided for every three units. Senior housing in the RM district must provide 0.5 covered parking spaces per bedroom. This requirement can be decreased by the Planning Commission if it is found that the senior housing will not create as great a need for parking. For housing developments in the RM districts with 100 percent of units affordable to lower-income households, parking is reduced to one space for studio and one-bedroom units, 1.5 spaces for two-bedroom units, and two spaces for three or more-bedroom units.

The Station District Specific Plan, adopted in October 2022, instituted new parking standards based on Assembly Bill 2923 (AB 2923) requirements which were approved by the State Assembly in 2018 to establish standards for transit-oriented development, including parking requirements on BARTowned properties. For multifamily residential development on BART property, the Station District Plan requires a maximum of 0.5 spaces per unit. For all other areas outside of BART property, minimum off-street parking requirements start at 0.75 spaces per unit for studio units and increases by 0.25 parking spaces as the number of bedrooms per unit increases, see Table 6-9.

The Station East Mixed Use Residential district (SEMU-R), which was added to the Zoning Ordinance in 2021, has varying standards depending on the density of residential development being built and on the number of bedrooms within the development. For high density development (i.e., more than 30 dwelling units per acre but less than 100 dwelling units per acre), there is an City Council/RSA Agenda 713 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-33 established set of minimum and maximum parking standards based on number of bedrooms. For studio and one-bedroom units, there is a minimum of one space per unit and a maximum of 1.5-2 spaces per unit. For two-bedroom units, the minimum is 1.5 spaces per unit and the maximum is two spaces. For low density multifamily residential development (i.e., up to 30 dwelling units per acre), studios and one-bedroom units have a standard of one space per unit while units with two or more bedrooms are required to provide two spaces per unit. For affordable housing in the SEMU-R district, parking is reduced to a minimum of 0.5 spaces per bedroom if located less than a ½ mile from a major transit stop and 0.75 spaces per bedroom if more than ½ a mile from major transit stop. The maximum standard is two spaces per unit for affordable housing.

TABLE 6-9: OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS, UNION CITY (2022) Required Parking Spaces per Unit
Residential Districts
RS and R-5000 district 2 spaces, both of which will be covered RM district: 1 bedroom or studio unit1 1.5 spaces, 1 of which must be covered RM district: 2 or more bedrooms1 2 spaces, 1 of which must be covered RM district: Senior Housing1 0.5 spaces per bedroom, covered2 RM 1500 and RM 2500: Bicycle parking facilities 1 facility for every 3 units Affordable Housing3
1 bedroom or studio unit 1 space
2 bedrooms units 1.5 spaces
3 or more-bedroom unit 2 spaces
Condominium Conversion
1 bedroom or studio unit 1.5 spaces, 1 of which must be covered 2-bedroom unit 2 spaces, 1.5 of which must be covered
3 or more-bedroom unit 2.5 spaces, 2 of which must be covered Station District Mixed Use Commercial (CSMU)6
Any number of bedrooms 1 covered space per unit
Bicycle parking facility 1 facility for every 3 units
Motorized Cycle 1 space per every 25 units
Station District
Multifamily Residential
On BART Property4, any number of bedrooms Maximum of 0.5 spaces per unit Studio Minimum 0.75 spaces per unit
Maximum 1.25 spaces per unit
1 bedroom unit Minimum 1 space per unit
Maximum 2 spaces per unit
2-bedroom unit
Minimum 1.25 space per unit
Maximum 2 spaces per unit
3+ bedroom unit Minimum 1.5 spaces per unit
Maximum 2.5 spaces per unit
City Council/RSA Agenda 714 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-34 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 TABLE 6-9: OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS, UNION CITY (2022) Required Parking Spaces per Unit
Affordable Housing Minimum 0.5 spaces per bedroom
Maximum 2 spaces per bedroom
Visitor Parking Maximum 0.25 spaces per unit
Station East Mixed Use Residential (SEMU-R)
Multifamily Residential – High Density (Between 30.1 dwelling units/acre – 100 dwelling units/acre)6 Studio
Minimum of 1 space per unit
Maximum of 1.5 spaces per unit
1 bedroom unit Minimum of 1 space per unit
Maximum of 2 spaces per unit
2-bedroom units Minimum of 1.5 spaces per unit
Maximum of 2 paces per unit
3 or more-bedroom units Minimum of 2 spaces per unit
Maximum of 2.5 spaces per unit
Multifamily Residential – Low Density (up to 30 dwelling units/acre)5 Studio 1 space per unit
1 bedroom unit 1 space per unit
2-bedroom units 2 spaces per unit
3 or more-bedroom units 2 spaces per unit
Affordable Housing
Any number of bedrooms
Minimum of 0.5 spaces per bedroom if less than
½ mile from major transit stop; 0.75 spaces /
bedroom if more than ½ mile from major transit stop
Maximum 2 spaces per unit
1 Additional off-street parking spaces must exist to accommodate guest and visitor parking. 2 Number of spaces may be decreased by the Planning Commission if found that the senior housing will not create as great a need for parking.
3 Housing developments in the RM districts with 100 percent of units affordable to lower-income households. 4 Based on AB 2923 requirements
5 Tandem parking spaces can be substituted for regular parking spaces up to 10 percent of the required parking demand. 6 The parking standards for CSMU were replaced by standards in the Station District Specific Plan once adopted. See Table 6-3 for a summary of the parking standards in the Station District Specific Plan.

Source: Union City Municipal Code, 2021.

State density bonus law (Government Code Section 65915) imposes statewide parking standards that a jurisdiction must grant upon request from a developer of an affordable housing project that qualifies for a density bonus. The parking standards are summarized in Table 6-10. When local parking requirements are higher, the statewide parking standards supersede the local requirements. The developer may request these parking standards even if they do not request the density bonus. These numbers are the total number of parking spaces including guest parking and accessible parking.

City Council/RSA Agenda 715 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-35 TABLE 6-10: STATEWIDE PARKING STANDARDS FOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING, CALIFORNIA (2022)
Number of Bedrooms Number of On-Site Parking Spaces
0 to 1 bedroom 1
2 to 3 bedrooms 2
4 or more bedrooms 2 ½
Source: California Government Code Section 65915
In addition, State law (Government Code section 65863.2) waives all parking requirements for projects within 1/2 mile of a major transit stop, essentially eliminating parking minimums for developments within ½ mile of the Intermodal Station.

While the City offers reduced parking standards in the Station District and for affordable housing and complies with State density bonus parking standards upon request, the parking standards for studio units in the RM zones could be considered high. The Housing Element includes a program to review and revise development standards in the RM zones, including parking standards, to facilitate multifamily housing. It also includes a program to develop appropriate parking standards for SROs.

Open Space Requirements
The City has a policy in the General Plan that sets parkland standards. Policy HQL – 2.2 requires new residential subdivisions to dedicate a ratio of three acres per 1,000 new residents of parkland for neighborhood, community park, and recreation purposes or pay an equivalent in-lieu fee to offset the increase in park needs resulting from new residents. This standard is not excessive and is typical of many jurisdictions in the Bay Area.

The Zoning Ordinance requires that units in the RM districts have a usable open space/landscaped area of at least 300 square feet per unit and must meet the following criteria outlined in Section

18.32.115 of the Zoning Ordinance:

1. The usable open space can be common space accessible to more than one dwelling unit or may be private space for the exclusive use of individual units.

2. At least one-half of the required space must be provided at ground level exclusive of front yard setback areas, and not more than one-half of the requirement may be satisfied by balconies or roof decks.

3. Each square foot of private open space can be considered equivalent to two square feet of common space, and may be so substituted, except in the RM 3500 district where one foot can be considered equivalent to one- and-one-half square feet of common space.

4. Common usable open space must have a minimum area of 300 square feet.

5. Private usable open space at ground level must have a minimum area of 150 square feet.

6. Open space located in parking area, driveway, or service area or space with a slope greater than 10 percent is not counted.

In addition to the open space required per unit, there are requirements for multi developments.

City Council/RSA Agenda 716 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-36 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031  Projects located in the RM 2500 and RM 3500 districts are required to provide landscaped areas in at least 40 percent of the total site area.
 Projects located in the RM 1500 district must provide at least 25 percent of the site area as landscaped.
 Residential Projects in the CMU, CSMU, SEMU-R district are required to incorporate public open space features such as courtyards, pool and/or spa areas, recreation facilities, and picnic and play areas. There are no private open space requirements for these zones.  For condominium conversions, private outdoor space must also be provided for each unit, as follows:
 First floor unit: 120 square feet, fenced patio
 Units above first floor: 60 square feet of fenced balcony  25 percent of the site area devoted to common open space  In projects of 50 units or more, a common indoor recreation facility is required.

The open space standards for the RM zones may be considered high and have the potential to limit the feasibility of multifamily development in these zones. The Housing Element includes an implementation program to review and revise the open space requirements in the RM zones.

Density Bonus
State law (California Government Code, section 65915-65918) requires cities and counties to approve density bonuses for housing developments that contain specified percentages of affordable housing units or units restricted to occupancy by seniors. A density bonus is the allocation of development rights that allows a parcel to accommodate additional square footage or additional residential units beyond the maximum for which the parcel is zoned. Projects that qualify for a density bonus are also eligible for reduced parking standards and additional concessions, or incentives. Upon the developer's request the City must also allow the parking standards shown above in Table 6-9. The legislature has made frequent changes to State density bonus law over the years, including AB 1763, which significantly increased density bonus provisions for 100 percent affordable projects. Municipal Code Section 18.33.060, Development Options, contains the City’s density bonus regulations.

The City’s Municipal Code cross references State density bonus law per section 65915 of the state Government Code. It states that “the City, upon request, may approve an increase in the number of units permitted in a proposed residential development …when such an increase in density is consistent with State density bonus law per Section 65915 of the State Government Code.” In 2016, the City amended its density bonus ordinance to allow inclusionary housing units required through the Affordable Housing Ordinance to be counted toward a density bonus.

Building Codes and Enforcement
Building codes and their enforcement influence the style, quality, size, and costs of residential development. Such codes can increase the cost of housing and impact the feasibility of rehabilitating older properties that must be upgraded to current code standards. In this manner building codes and their enforcement can act as a constraint on the supply of housing and its affordability.

City Council/RSA Agenda 717 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-37 Building and housing codes establish minimum standards and specifications for structural soundness, safety, and occupancy. State housing law requires cities and counties to adopt minimum housing standards based on model industry codes. In addition to meeting the requirements of State housing law, local governments enforce other State requirements for fire safety, noise insulation, soils reports, earthquake protection, energy conservation, and access for people with physical disabilities. The enforcement of building and housing codes for all homes is per the minimum standards and requirements set forth in the codes listed in Table 6-11. Standards for rehabilitation are no more rigorous than those contained in the California Health and Safety Codes and Uniform Building Codes.

Other amendments to the California Uniform Code include changes in permit fees, violation penalties, the requirement for automatic sprinkler systems, the rules for premises identification, and structural changes with regard to seismic concerns.

Building codes and their enforcement can increase the cost of housing and impact the feasibility of rehabilitating older properties that must be upgraded to existing code standards. In this way building codes and their enforcement can act as a constraint on the amount of housing and its affordability.

However, the codes enforced by Union City are similar to cities in the region and are necessary to promote the minimum standards of safety and accessibility to housing (see Table 6-11). Therefore, the codes are not considered to be an undue constraint on housing investment or development.

TABLE 6-11: BUILDING AND HOUSING CODES, UNION CITY (2022) Code Name Code Date Remarks
California Building Code 2019 Based on the 2018 International Code.

California Plumbing Code 2019 Based on 2018 Uniform Plumbing Code.

Uniform Code For Abatement of
Dangerous Buildings
1997 Published by the International Conference of Building Officials.

California Fire Code 2019 Based on the 2018 International Code.

California Electrical Code 2019 Based on 2017 National Electrical Codes.

California Mechanical Code 2019 Based on 2018 Uniform Mechanical Codes.

Uniform Housing Code 1997 Published by the International Conference of Building Officials.

California Residential Code 2019 Based on the 2018 International Residential Code.

California Green Building Standards
Code
2019 Published by the California Building Standards
Commission.

Source: Union City, Economic and Community Development Department, December 2021.

In some cases, energy conservation requirements may increase construction costs and, therefore, the initial sales prices and cost of rent. However, these increased costs are often offset by the longterm reductions in the utility’s component of housing operation costs. Accessibility modifications may also increase initial sales prices and rents but will help address the housing needs of the elderly and people with disabilities.

State of California, Article 34
Article 34 of the State Constitution requires local jurisdictions to obtain voter approval for specified “low rent” housing projects that involve certain types of public agency participation. Generally, a City Council/RSA Agenda 718 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-38 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 project is subject to Article 34 if more than 49 percent of its units will be rented to low-income persons. If a project is subject to Article 34, it will require an approval from the local electorate. This can constrain the production of affordable housing, since the process to seek ballot approval for affordable housing projects can be costly and time consuming, with no guarantee of success.

Local jurisdictions typically place a measure or referendum on the local ballot that seeks authority to develop a certain number of low-income units during a given period of time. If the electorate approves general parameters for certain types of affordable housing development, the local jurisdiction will be able to move more quickly in response to housing opportunities that fall within those parameters. Union City has not held an Article 34 election since it does not directly build affordable housing. Although the City provides funding to affordable housing developers, this does not trigger Article 34 unless the City itself builds the public housing. Currently the City is utilizing Article 34 Authority that has been provided by Alameda County through its Measure A1 Affordable Housing Bond that was passed by Alameda County voters on November 6, 2016. Article 34 authorization has not been a barrier to the production of affordable housing.

Potential Non-Governmental Constraints
The availability and cost of housing is strongly influenced by market forces over which local governments have little or no control. Nonetheless, State law requires that housing elements contain a general assessment of these constraints, which can serve as the basis for actions to offset their effects. This section describes primary non-governmental constraints to the development of new housing in Union City.

Availability of Financing
The availability of financing is a critical factor that can influence the cost and supply of housing.

There are generally two types of financing used in the housing market: (1) capital used for initial site preparation and construction; and (2) capital used to finance the purchase of units by homeowners and investors. Financing is largely impacted by interest rates. Small fluctuations in interest rates can dramatically influence the ability to qualify for a loan. Mortgage interest rates have a large influence over the affordability of housing. Higher interest rates increase a homebuyer’s monthly payment and decrease the range of housing that a household can afford.

Lower interest rates result in a lower cost and lower monthly payments for the homebuyer.

In general, financing for new residential development in the City is available at reasonable rates. While interest rates for development and construction are generally higher than interest rates for home purchase (i.e., mortgages), financing for new construction is generally available at reasonable rates.

Land and Construction Costs
As with most built out Bay Area communities, the high cost of land is a constraint to the production of affordable housing in Union City. There are very few vacant parcels zoned for residential development left in the city and it is rare for vacant residential land to be listed for sale. Based on a property search conducted in February 2022, only three sites were identified for sale: a 0.11-acre lot zoned R-5000 for $399,000, a 1.70-acre lot zoned ML for $3,500,000, and a 0.21-acre parcel zoned CS for $599,000. Cost per acre for these three sites ranged from $2 to $3.6 million, with an City Council/RSA Agenda 719 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS | 6-39 average of $2.8 million. Land in surrounding jurisdictions can be used as a price comparison.

Based on a review of land for sale in Fremont, Newark, and Hayward, land prices on average were in the range of 2 to 2.5 million per acre. In addition to market sales prices, there can be other costs associated with the acquisition of land including the cost of holding the property throughout the development process. Developers in Union City also face added expenses associated with the demolition and removal of existing structures or remediation of contaminated soil.

In addition to the high cost of land, construction costs can also act as a constraint to the production of new housing, particularly in the Bay Area. Both material and labor costs have increased substantially in recent years. Supply chain issues during the COVID-19 pandemic are partly responsible for recent material cost increases, and a shortage in the construction labor market is adding significantly to the cost of producing housing.

According to a 2020 report by the Terner Center, hard construction costs for multifamily projects in California rose by 25 percent over the course of a decade, from an average of $177 per square foot in 2008-2009 to $222 per square foot in 2018. Cost increases were even greater in the Bay Area, increasing by 119 percent and reaching more than $380 per square foot in 20183 .

Construction costs vary widely according to the type of development. According to the Terner Center report, Type I projects, which are typically over 5-7 stories and constructed with steel and concrete, cost an average of $65 more per square foot than other types of construction, like Type V (i.e., wood frame floors over a concrete platform)4
. Type I projects are more likely to be found in
infill locations where zoning allows higher density construction.

Affordable housing projects also cost more on average than market-rate and mixed-affordability projects. The 2020 Terner Center report found that affordable projects cost $48 more per square foot on average compared to market-rate and mixed affordability projects. Some of the added costs for affordable housing are because many affordable housing developers are required to pay “prevailing wages.”
Requests for Housing Developments at Reduced Densities
State law requires the Housing Element to include an analysis of requests to develop housing at densities below those anticipated in the sites inventory. The sites inventory prepared for the 2015-2023 Housing Element conservatively assumed buildout at about 80 percent of the maximum allowed density. Since that time, nearly all multi-family high density sites have been approved or proposed for development at much higher densities than assumed in the 2015-2023 Housing Element. This is especially true for affordable projects, which have often used density bonus to exceed the maximum allowable density. The City has not received any requests to develop at reduced densities. 3 Forscher,T; Kneebone, E.; Raetz, H.; and Reid, C. March 2020. The Hard Costs of Construction: Recent Trends in Labor and Material Costs for Apartment Buildings in California. Terner Center for Housing Innovation, UC Berkeley. https://ternercenter.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/pdfs/Hard_Construction_Costs_March_2020.pdf 4 Ibid.

City Council/RSA Agenda 720 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
6-40 | POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Length of Time Between Project Approval and Applications for Building Permits
State law requires an analysis of the length of time between receiving approval for housing development and submittal of an application for building permit. On average the time between the approval of a housing development application and submittal of an application for building permits in Union City is about 12 months.

City Council/RSA Agenda 721 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION | 7-1 Chapter 7 | Opportunities for Energy
Conservation
State Housing Element Law (Government Code Section 65583[a][7]) requires an analysis of the opportunities for energy conservation in residential development. According to the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD), the energy conservation section of a Housing Element must inventory and analyze the opportunities to encourage energy saving features, energy saving materials, and energy efficient systems and design for residential development.

Reducing residential energy consumption not only reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and conserves limited energy resources, it is also a key component for achieving community vitality and serving the needs of residents. Energy efficient buildings increase occupant health by reducing infiltration of moisture, pests, or air pollution. They also increase comfort and decrease utility bills leading to reduced housing costs for homeowners and renters and greater long-term housing affordability. High energy costs have particularly detrimental effects on low-income households that do not have enough income or cash reserves to absorb cost increases and at times must choose between basic needs such as shelter, food, and energy. Energy efficient housing is also more resilient to climate change, keeping homes thermally comfortable during extreme heat events. This chapter describes the ways the City provides opportunities for energy conservation in residential development.

Energy Efficiency Building Requirements
All new buildings in California must meet the standards contained in Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations (Building Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings). The standards, prepared by the California Energy Commission, were established in 1978 in response to a State legislative mandate to reduce California’s energy consumption. These regulations respond to California's energy crisis and need to reduce energy bills, increase energy delivery system reliability, and contribute to an improved economic condition for the state. The standards are updated every three years to consider and incorporate new energy efficiency technologies and methods. The 2019 Title 24 standards apply to projects constructed after January 1, 2020, and the 2022 Title 24 standards will apply after January 1, 2023.

Energy efficiency requirements are enforced by local governments through the building permit process. All new construction must comply with the standards in effect on the date a building permit application is made. Union City continues to enforce State requirements, including Title 24 requirements, for energy conservation in residential development, primarily through the Building Division of the Economic and Community Development Department.

The California Building Code also includes green building regulations, referred to as CALGreen, to encourage more sustainable and environmentally friendly building practices, require low pollution City Council/RSA Agenda 722 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
7-2 | OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 emitting substances that can cause harm to the environment, conserve natural resources, and promote the use of energy efficient materials and equipment. There are mandatory measures, which apply statewide, and voluntary measures, which can be adopted locally. Voluntary measures are organized into two tiers with their own respective prerequisites and elective measures: Tier 1 prerequisites set a higher baseline than CALGreen mandatory measures while Tier 2 prerequisites include all of Tier 1 prerequisites plus some enhanced or additional measures. Union City has not adopted any of the CALGreen voluntary measures.

Green Building and Landscaping Practices Ordinance
Union City adopted a Green Building and Landscaping Practices Ordinance in 2006 to incorporate green measures into design, construction, demolition, renovation, operation, and maintenance of buildings and landscaping within the city. This Ordinance establishes requirements for green building and landscaping practices to be used in civic and public-private partnership projects with the intent to reduce landfill waste, conserve natural resources, increase energy efficiency, lower costs associated with operations and maintenance, improve indoor air quality, and minimize impacts on the natural environment. The requirements can be found in Chapter 15.76 of the Municipal Code.

Any City-sponsored project or public-private partnership over $3 million and/or greater than 5,000 square feet must incorporate green building measures from the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system, the Alameda County Residential Green Building Guidelines, or a City-approved equivalent system. The LEED rating system is a national program, developed by the U.S. Green Building Council, targeted to the top 25 percent of green home builders that provides a rating for the sustainability of a variety of building types. City-sponsored and public partnership buildings that qualify must meet a minimum LEED Silver rating and be certified by the U.S. Green Building Council. Projects have to include a LEED-Accredited Professional as a principal member of the design team. The Union Flats project, built in 2018, is a recent project that was subject to this requirement. This project obtained a LEED Platinum certification, the highest level. The Station Center development, built in 2014, is another example of a project which was subject to the ordinance. The project also received a LEED Platinum certification (surpassing the LEED Silver requirement of the ordinance). Both developments were constructed on former Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) corporation yards, which the City assisted in cleaning up.

Energy Efficiency and Conservation Programs
This section briefly describes some of the potential ways to achieve energy savings through the regulations and programs of local utility providers, the City, and the State.

Local Public Utility Programs
Union City receives both electricity and natural gas services from PG&E and the East Bay Community Energy (EBCE) authority. The following financial and energy-related assistance programs are available for Union City residents:
 East Bay Community Energy (EBCE). EBCE is a Community Choice Energy (CCE) program. It is a locally controlled joint powers authority formed in 2016, and expanded in 2021, that allows East Bay municipalities to work together to procure energy for customers and have more input City Council/RSA Agenda 723 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION | 7-3 in ensuring that their energy comes from clean, local, renewable sources. The jurisdictions currently served are: Albany, Berkeley, Dublin, Emeryville, Fremont, Hayward, Livermore, Newark, Oakland, Piedmont, Pleasanton, San Leandro, Tracy, Union City, and the unincorporated areas of Alameda County. EBCE provides much of its electricity from renewable sources such as solar, wind, and small hydroelectricity. PG&E continues to maintain infrastructure, run operations, and deliver the electricity.  Energy Savings Assistance Program. PG&E’s Energy Savings Assistance program offers free weatherization measures and energy-efficient appliances to qualified low-income households.

PG&E determines qualified households through the same sliding income scale used for the California Alternate Rates for Energy (CARE) program. The City promotes weatherization and energy upgrade programs through its website.
 California Alternate Rates for Energy (CARE). PG&E offers this rate reduction program for lowincome households. PG&E determines qualified households by a sliding income scale based on the number of household members. The CARE program provides a discount of 20 percent or more on monthly energy bills. The program includes assistance with attic insulation, weather stripping, caulking, and other minor home repairs. Some customers qualify for replacement of appliances including refrigerators, air conditioners, and evaporative coolers.  Energy Efficiency for Multifamily Properties. The Energy Efficiency for Multifamily Properties program is available to owners and managers of existing multifamily residential dwellings containing five or more units. The program encourages energy efficiency by providing rebates for the installation of certain energy-saving products.  Relief for Energy Assistance through Community Help (REACH). The REACH program is sponsored by PG&E and administered through a non-profit organization. PG&E customers can enroll to give monthly donations to the REACH program. Qualified low-income customers who have experienced uncontrollable or unforeseen hardships that prohibit them from paying their utility bills may receive an energy credit. Eligibility is determined by a sliding income scale based on the number of household members. To qualify for the program, the applicant’s income cannot exceed 200 percent of the Federal poverty guidelines.  Medical Baseline Allowance. The Medical Baseline Allowance program is available to households with certain disabilities or medical needs. Under this program, qualifying residential customers receive discounted energy rates and are given the option to receive more energy, if needed.

City Programs
The City continues to prioritize residential energy-efficiency and participates in the following programs.
 Bay Area Regional Energy Network (BayREN) Programs. BayREN is a coalition of the Bay Area’s nine counties partnering to promote resource efficiency at the regional level, focusing on energy, water, and GHG reduction. It is one of three regional energy networks (RENs) in California funded by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC). BayREN offers rebates, funding, and technical assistance to help residents, property owners, and local governments improve resource-efficiency. Since the BayREN Home+ Program launched in January 2019, 1,983 households installed 6,134 unique measures across Alameda County. Regionally, 9,026 homes have installed over 29,494 measures. Excluding mandatory safety tests, the most City Council/RSA Agenda 724 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
7-4 | OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 commonly installed measures are gas furnaces and smart thermostats, followed by attic insulation and duct repair/replacement.
 Bay Area Multifamily Building Enhancements Program (BAMBE). Since 2013, the Bay Area Multifamily Building Enhancements (BAMBE) Program has assisted multifamily properties in planning improvements designed to save 10 percent or more of a building’s energy and water usage by offering no-cost energy consulting and $750 per unit in cash rebates to help pay for the upgrades. In 2020, BAMBE introduced the new Clean Heating Pathway that incentivizes multifamily properties to switch from gas fueled equipment to cleaner and high efficient electric technologies. BAMBE has served 526 properties to date, providing at least $27,402,750 in rebates.  Energy Upgrade California. Energy Upgrade California is a statewide initiative to provide educational resources for residents and small business owners for energy management concepts, tools, and programs. The City promotes the Energy Upgrade program through its website, permit center, periodic workshops, and direct mail.  Solar Photovoltaics (PV) Program. To incentivize solar energy, the City established a fixed fee for residential and commercial solar permits.
 Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE). PACE programs offer financing options that are repaid via the property owner’s tax bill over time. Other programs help offset the costs of upgrades such as improvements to mechanical and electrical systems, installation of water-efficient fixtures, and the development of onsite renewable energy and electric vehicle charging. Eligible improvements may vary by PACE program, but generally include improvements for energy and water efficiency, distributed generation renewable energy facilities such as solar PV, and vehicle charging. In September 2015, the City passed legislation approving six PACE providers to operate in Union City. All PACE providers are approved to operate in the city.  Alternative Residential Water Heater Program. The program promotes and facilitates the installation of alternative water heaters in homes like solar hot water heaters or heat pumps.

The City is in the process of creating promotional material that will be posted to the City website for use by the public.

Federal and State Programs
In addition to the local programs described above, the California Department of Community Services and Development (CSD) administers the Federally funded Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). This program provides two types of assistance: Home Energy Assistance and Energy Crisis Intervention. The first type of assistance is a direct payment to utility bills for qualified low-income households. The second type of assistance is available to low-income households that are in a crisis. CSD also offers free weatherization assistance, such as attic insulation, caulking, water heater blankets, and heating and cooling system repairs to low-income households.

City Council/RSA Agenda 725 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT | 8-1 Chapter 8 | Evaluation of the Previous
(2015-2023)
Housing Element
Summary of Key Accomplishments
State housing element law (Government Code Section 65588) requires cities and counties to assess the achievements under their adopted housing programs to inform the development of new programs. State law also requires that local governments review the effectiveness of the housing element goals, policies, and related actions to meet the community’s special housing needs. The City has made significant progress in implementing the programs adopted in the 2015-2023 Housing Element. Some of Union City’s major accomplishments include:
 Adoption of the new 2040 General Plan in 2019, which increased housing opportunities within several new mixed use designations;
 Adoption of the Corridor Mixed Use (CMU) Zoning District to implement the 2040 General Plan;  Creation of the Rent Review Task Force in 2016 and adopting two new ordinances in 2017, the Eviction and Harassment Protection Ordinance and the Rent Review Ordinance. These ordinances provide tenant protections by restricting unjust evictions and excessive rent increases;  Rental assistance provided to 169 lower-income households at the Tropics Mobile Home Park;  Operation of the CAREavan program serving 30 cars/50 people per night;  Collaboration with Echo Housing to provide fair housing services;  Reduction of parking requirements in the Station Mixed Use Commercial (CSMU) Zoning District to facilitate transit-oriented development;
 Adoption of a Density Bonus Ordinance amendment to comply with state law;  Administration of the Housing Rehabilitation Program with Alameda County. Recently, funding has gone to home repairs for households in the Decoto neighborhood;  Approval of the Lazuli Landing affordable housing development in 2021 which includes 80 affordable apartment rental units;
 Acquisition of Caltrans/Gateway site from the state and currently (2022) entered into an Negotiating Agreement with City Ventures to develop the site; City Council/RSA Agenda 726 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
8-2 | EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031  Approval of a large residential and mixed-use project in the Station District known as the Integral Project. This project, located in the area called “Station East,” will provide 974 housing units, including 146 affordable housing units for lower income residents;  Release of the Station District Specific Plan Public Review Draft in May 2022 (adoption anticipated in Fall, 2022). The Specific Plan will increase housing capacity near the Intermodal Station;  Beginning (2022) work on developing Objective Design Standards to facilitate and expedite the construction of housing; and
 Developing an SB 9 Ordinance that allows for more flexibility on single-family lots. Updated ordinance to allow additional flexibility anticipated for late summer/early Fall 2022.

Progress Toward Meeting the 2015-2023 RHNA
Between 2000 and 2008, there was a steady rate of housing development in the city. But since the great recession that began around that time, housing development has been relatively slow. As shown in Table 8-1, the City has issued only 457 building permits for housing units since the start of the Fifth RHNA Cycle in 2015. Of the permits issued, 401 were for above moderate housing and 56 were for moderate income housing. There was no new construction of lower-income units.

However, the City has recently approved several developments containing affordable housing units, which are expected to be built during the Sixth RHNA Cycle (2022-2031).

TABLE 8-1: RHNA PROGRESS - PERMITTED UNITS ISSUED BY AFFORDABILITY Income
Level
2015-
2023
RHNA
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Total
Units
to Date
Total
Remaining
RHNA by
Income
Level
Very Low* 317 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TBD TBD 0 317
Low 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TBD TBD 0 180
Moderate 192 2 1 3 8 12 7 23 TBD TBD 56 136
Above
Moderate
417 288 1 27 77 8 0 0 TBD TBD 401 16
Total
Units
1,106 290 2 30 85 20 7 23 TBD TBD 457 -
Total Remaining RHNA Need 649
*Note: Units serving extremely low-income households are included in the totals for very low-income permitted units.

Source: City of Union City, Housing Element Annual Progress Report, 2021.

City Council/RSA Agenda 727 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT | 8-3 Program Evaluation
The following section reviews and evaluates the City’s progress in implementing programs from the previous planning period. The City has demonstrated effort in working towards accomplishing the objectives set out for all 36 programs from the last cycle.

As part of analyzing prior programs, the City must assess the effectiveness of programs for special needs populations. Table 8-2 provides an evaluation of the City’s progress towards implementing programs related to the special needs populations summarized below:

Seniors and Persons with Disabilities. As discussed in Chapter 2: Housing Needs Assessment, 49 percent of extremely low-income seniors are spending more than half of their incomes on housing.

A significant portion of the housing stock was built prior to the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1990. Rehabilitation and physical improvements are important to ensure that housing is accessible to older populations and people with disabilities.

The City contracts with Alameda County to administer the Housing Rehabilitation Program (Program HE-D.a). While the program has more recently focused on grants for minor home repairs, there were several major rehabilitation grants and at least 1 accessibility grant issued during the prior planning period. Although new construction fell short of the City’s 5th Cycle RHNA, especially in the lowerincome categories, the City continues to support applications for affordable senior housing and housing for persons with disabilities (Programs HE-F.c and HE-F.e.). However, additional actions are needed to increase the housing supply and diversity of housing options to accommodate the needs of senior households and households with a member that has a disability.

Many seniors and people with disabilities may be on restricted incomes and in need of affordable housing. The Alameda County Housing Authority administers the Housing Choice Voucher program and distributes HUD Section 8 rental certificates and vouchers to assist very low-income Union City households (Program HE-C.c). About 87 percent of voucher users in the city (633 voucher holders) have householders who are seniors and/or members with a disability.

Persons with Developmental Disabilities. Living arrangements for disabled persons depend on the severity of the disability. If a disability prevents an individual from working or limits income, then the cost of housing and the costs of modifications are likely to be even more challenging. For this reason, many persons live independently or with other family members. To maintain independent living, disabled persons may need special housing design features, income support, and in-home supportive services for persons with medical conditions. Special design and other considerations for persons with disabilities include single-level units, availability of services, group living opportunities, and proximity to transit. The City worked with the Regional Center of the East Bay to implement an outreach program informing residents of the housing and services available for persons with developmental disabilities (Program HE-F.h). This information is posted on the City website.

Large Households. Homes consisting of five or more members residing together typically lack adequately sized and affordable housing options. The City coordinates with for-profit and nonprofit developers and local realtors to encourage the inclusion of three- and four-bedroom units in new multifamily developments (Program HE-F.a). Between 2015-2023, the City issued permits for 124 units with three or more bedrooms (about 31 percent of all permits issued). There will be 10 three-bedroom units added to the housing stock as part of the Integral project, a large mixed-use development in the City.

City Council/RSA Agenda 728 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
8-4 | EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Single-Parent Households (Female-Headed). As discussed in Chapter 2: Housing Needs Assessment, many single parent households, especially female-headed households, have a greater risk of poverty due to higher family expenses and single-wage incomes. The Housing Choice Voucher program (Program HE-C.c) provides an important resource for single-parents and other low-income households.

Farm Workers. As previously discussed in the Housing Needs Assessment (Chapter 2), farm workers are not a significant portion of the Union City community. Their needs are generally accommodated through housing programs and policies that assist low- and very low-income households.

Homeless. Bay Area residents have some of the highest housing costs in the nation, making homeownership out of reach for many low-income and moderate-income households. With such high housing costs, many lower-income families must choose between paying rent or paying for other basic needs, while others are forced into overcrowded or substandard housing conditions or join the increasingly large population of people experiencing homelessness. The number of people experiencing homelessness in Alameda County has continued to increase year by year, nearly doubling since 2009. The last Point in Time (PIT) count, which was done in 2022 found a total of 7,135 unsheltered individuals experiencing homelessness in Alameda County. There were 489 unsheltered individuals found in Union City.

While there are no emergency shelters in Union City to serve the homeless population, the City has several partnerships with local organizations including EveryOne Home and Abode Services to provide supportive services for persons at risk of, or already, experiencing homelessness in Union City. The City also collaborates with the New Haven Unified School District and local faith-based organizations to operate the CAREavan safe parking program. More than 275 participants have utilized the program since its inception in June 2016, and on average, 30 cars/50 people utilize the program per night (Program HE-F.b). Rental subsidies provided through the Housing Choice Voucher Program (Program HE-C.c) as well as Tenant Based Rental Assistance (TBRA) at the Tropics Mobile Home Park (Program HE-C.e) have also helped address housing insecurity.

The City is also currently working with three other jurisdictions, Hayward, Livermore, and Piedmont, on a joint State Homekey application in coordination with Bay Area Community Services (BACS) on a reclamation project in order to generate supportive housing from the acquisition of single-family homes that would serve homeless households. The City is currently awaiting a decision from State HCD on the status of the multi-jurisdictional application and hope to have a decision by July 2022.

The City will look to purchase at least one single family home in partnership with BACS, if awarded funds from the State Homekey program.

City Council/RSA Agenda 729 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT | 8-5 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
HE-A.a Rezone Program
The City shall rezone enough land to accommodate the
remaining housing need of 154 lower-income and 210 above moderate-income units within two years of adoption of the Housing Element. Rezoned sites may include those identified as “potential rezone sites” in the Housing Element, or will include other sites that provide at least the same capacity.

Consistent with Government Code Section 65583.2(h), the City shall ensure that the rezoned sites are large enough to accommodate a minimum of 16 units per site, will permit owner-occupied and rental multifamily residential uses byright (without a conditional use permit, planned unit development permit, or other discretionary action), and that at least 50 percent of the remaining need will be
accommodated on sites zoned for exclusively residential uses.

Completed. In January 2016, the City Council adopted a General Plan Amendment (CC Resolution #4846-16), Zoning Text
Amendment (Ordinance #815-16) and Zoning Map
Amendment (Ordinance #816-16) to redesignate two Housing Element rezone sites that together accommodated 136 lower income units and 188 above moderate-income units. This
resulted in a remaining balance of 18 lower income units and 22 above moderate-income units to satisfy the program
objective. In 2018, the City identified the following three sites to address the remaining need of 18 lower-income units and 22 above-moderate income units.

1. Smith Street Mixed-Use Site (rezone completed in April 2018): 18 lower-income units plus 10 above moderate-income units for a total of 28 units (Ordinance 851-18).

2. Florence Street Site (no rezone required): 6 abovemoderate income units.

3. Vallejo Street Site (no rezone required): 6 above-moderate income units.

Delete program.

HE-A.b Participate in Priority Development Area Program As a means to assist development of the Station District, the City shall continue to participate in the Priority Development Area (PDA) program, which offers incentives to encourage affordable and high-density housing adjacent to transit. The City shall participate through attending PDA meetings,
implementing the Station District Plan, and facilitating housing and employment-related development in the Station District.

Ongoing The City has continued to participate in the PDA program to assist in the development of the Station District, which surrounds the Union City Intermodal Station. The City is currently preparing the Station District Specific Plan. The draft plan was released in May 2022.

Delete program.

HE-A.c Maintain Vacant Land Inventory
The City shall continue to maintain a current inventory of vacant residentially-zoned parcels and associated
development potential and a list of recently approved
residential projects to assist developers in identifying land suitable for residential development. To ensure adequate sites are available throughout the planning period to meet the City’s RHNA, the City shall continue to annually update the inventory. The City shall continue to make this
Ongoing The City maintains an inventory of vacant land which can be accessed through the City’s mapping and data website,
CommunityView.

Maintain program.

City Council/RSA Agenda 730 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
8-6 | EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
information available to the public and developers through the City’s website.

HE-A.d Develop RHNA Evaluation Procedure
To ensure sufficient residential capacity is maintained to accommodate the RHNA need, the City will develop and
implement a formal ongoing (project-by-project) evaluation procedure pursuant to Government Code Section 56863.

Should an approval of development result in a reduction of capacity below the residential capacity needed to
accommodate the remaining need for lower-income
households, the City will identify and re-zone sufficient sites to accommodate the shortfall.

Not yet
completed
The City evaluates RHNA completion through the
development review process. A formal evaluation procedure has not been developed.

Modify program to
address “no net
loss” requirements.

HE-A.e Monitor Publicly-Owned Land
The City shall continue to monitor the status of available land owned by Caltrans and other public agencies and actively work with developers that may wish to develop such
properties for housing.

Ongoing The City monitors publicly-owned land annually. In 2021, the City acquired a large site from CalTrans (approximately 25 acres). In June 2021, the City released a Notice of Availability and offer to sell the surplus property giving priority to entities proposing to develop housing where at least 25 percent of the units will be affordable to lower income households.

Maintain program.

HE-A.f Secondary Dwelling Unit Information Program
The City shall promote the development of secondary
dwellings units by continuing to provide informational
handouts at the Planning Division public counter and posting information on the City's website. The City shall provide information regarding permit requirements, changes in State law, and benefits of secondary dwelling units to property owners and the community.

Ongoing An informational handout on secondary / accessory units is posted on the City's website and is available at the Planning Division Counter. The City has updated its accessory dwelling unit ordinance periodically in response to changes in State law during the planning period. The most recent update
occurred in May 2021 (Ordinance 883-21).

Maintain program,
update terminology
from Secondary to
Accessory Dwelling
Unit (ADU). Expand
program to
consider new ways
to promote ADUs.

HE-A.g Parking Reduction in Station Mixed Use Commercial (CSMU) Zoning District
The City shall reduce residential parking requirements in the CSMU to facilitate transit-oriented residential development.

Completed In February 2015, the City adopted an ordinance to reduce parking requirements in the CSMU District. (Ordinance #803-15) Delete program.

HE-B.a Affordable Housing Ordinance
The City shall continue to implement the Affordable Housing Ordinance.

Ongoing The City continues to implement the Affordable Housing Ordinance, requiring a minimum of 15 percent of units in a project to be affordable to low and very low-income residents.

During the previous planning period, the inclusionary
ordinance resulted in 122 lower income units and 29
Maintain program.

City Council/RSA Agenda 731 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT | 8-7 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
moderate income units in the pipeline that are anticipated to be built in the next planning period. The City also committed $2.145 million in affordable housing in-lieu funds to help finance Lazuli Landing.

HE-B.b Support Affordable Housing Development
The City shall continue to provide financial and/or technical support to local non-profit organizations and the Alameda County Housing Authority to assist in the acquisition of properties, pursue grant funding, and leverage City funds for the development of affordable housing, including extremely low-income housing.

Ongoing The City researches funding opportunities annually and pursues funding for affordable housing development as it is available.

Currently the City is working with an affordable housing developer, MidPen Housing, in order to begin construction of the Lazuli Landing project. City staff has helped MidPen secure an Affordable Housing Sustainable Communities (AHSC) award for the project and is currently working with the developer to find other funding sources that will help fully fund the project so that construction can begin in 2023.

Maintain program.

HE-B.c Update Density Bonus Ordinance
The City shall update the Density Bonus Ordinance to
explicitly comply with current (2014) State law and also to allow units that are required to be maintained as affordable units pursuant to the City’s Affordable Housing Ordinance to be considered restricted affordable units for the purposes of determining whether the housing development qualifies for a density bonus. The City shall aggressively encourage
developers of all new residential projects over five units to take advantage of the density bonus provisions.

Completed The City amended the density bonus provision of the City's Affordable Housing Ordinance to comply with State law and to meet the requirements of this implementation program.

The ordinance amendment went into effect on May 12, 2016 (Ordinance #817-16).

Delete program.

Zoning code does
not need to be
further modified as
it already cross
references State
density bonus law.

HE-B.d Preserve Affordable Units
The City shall continue to implement existing City guidelines for the preservation of affordable units in City-bond and other publicly-financed projects.

The City shall monitor assisted projects that are eligible to terminate affordability controls and respond to any Notice of Intent or Plan of Action that may be filed on local projects, which are required at least 12 months prior to the proposed termination date. This period of time allows the opportunity for the City or a non-profit affordable housing organization to consider options to continue the affordability of the project.

The City shall continue to cooperate with the owners of housing developments with units that have been set aside Ongoing In October 2016 and March 2018, the City conducted an onsite monitoring visit at Wisteria Place Apartments, a 40-unit affordable, senior housing project that received City HOME funds. The City found Wisteria Place Apartments to be in compliance with the HOME regulations. The City also
continued to conduct desk audits of affordable units. No affordable units were converted to market rate during the planning period.

Modify program to
include Government
Code Section
65863.13 and other
updates to
procedures.

City Council/RSA Agenda 732 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
8-8 | EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
for lower-income households in accordance with the
requirements of Federal subsidy programs and ensure that the owner has met the tenant noticing requirements as set forth by California State Government code Sections
65863.10 and 65863.11. Within three years prior to the
expiration of the owners' Federal set-side obligations, the City shall initiate negotiations to extend below-market-rate controls by offering City-provided incentives.

The City shall restructure existing regulatory agreements, whenever possible, to allow the City or its designee the opportunity to purchase the property at the conclusion of the rent restrictions. Where permanent preservation of existing or new subsidized units is not possible, the City shall minimize displacement of current tenants by negotiating anti-displacement policy or relocation mitigation with the owner, whenever possible.

HE-B.e Promote Affordable Housing
The City shall continue to provide outreach to community residents to inform them on the need for and the role of affordable housing in Union City. The City shall place general information regarding affordable housing programs as well as promoting specific projects on the City website, in the City newsletter, at City Hall, in the local newspaper, and on local cable access. The City shall also continue to participate in annual housing fairs and other presentation and workshops to promote the City’s housing programs in the community.

Ongoing Information on affordable housing opportunities is regularly updated and posted on the City's website and is made
available at City Hall and community centers. The City also continues to participate in presentations/meetings to
promote the City's housing programs.

Modify program to
include multilingual
outreach.

HE-C.a First Time Homebuyer Program
The City shall continue a first-time homebuyer program, as funding is available, either through State funding or through program-related income.

Not
completed.

The City's First Time Homebuyer Program Administrator,
Neighborhood Housing Services Silicon Valley, disbanded in June 2015 and subsequently the City's First Time Homebuyer Program was dissolved. Additionally, due to the dissolution of Redevelopment Agencies, the City currently does not have funding available for first time homebuyer programs. However, the City continues to monitor and pursue new funding sources and promote non-City funded programs, such as CalHFA,
through its website and other promotional material.

Modify program to
promote non-City
first time
homebuyer
programs, such as
the Alameda County
(AC) Boost
program, and other
new City actions.

City Council/RSA Agenda 733 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT | 8-9 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
HE-C.b Mortgage Credit Certificate Program
The City shall continue to work with Alameda County to
administer the Mortgage Credit Certificate (MCC) program.

Ongoing The City provides funding to Alameda County to administer the Mortgage Credit Certificate (MCC) Program. Between
2016 and 2018, two mortgage credit certificates and one refinance mortgage credit certificate were issued in Union City. There were no applicants in 2020. In 2020, the City was notified by the County that the California Debt Limit Allocation Committee (CDLAC) would no longer provide MCC funds to
counties statewide and Alameda County exhausted its 2019 allocation of funds in October 2019. The program is still currently closed due to a lack of funding from CDLAC.

Delete program.

HE-C.c Section 8 Rental Assistance Program
The City shall continue to support the Alameda County
Housing Authority in its continuing administration of HUD Section 8 rental certificates and vouchers to assist very lowincome Union City households.

Ongoing The City continues to support the Housing Authority in its administration of HUD Housing Choice Vouchers. Currently, the City has 727 vouchers being utilized in Union City. The vouchers cover 323 seniors, 310 people with disabilities, and 523 female-headed households or dealing with domestic
violence. In Alameda County, there are 6,981 Housing Choice Vouchers (HCV). There are also 3,522 applicants on the
waitlist for the HCV program in Alameda County.

Modify program to
assist with outreach
to landlords to
educate them about
the program.

HE-C.d Homebuyer Education
The City shall support the efforts of local HUD-approved counseling agencies in their homebuyer-education, postpurchase, and default/foreclosure counseling efforts. The City shall post information on the City website about
foreclosure counseling, toll-free hotlines, foreclosure prevention programs, and other resources available for
residents facing possible foreclosures.

Ongoing The City continues to support local HUD-approved counseling agencies and information on homebuyer education and
foreclosure counseling is regularly updated and posted on the City's website and is made available at City Hall
and community centers.

Modify program to
include multilingual
outreach.

HE-C.e Rental Assistance Program
The City shall continue to provide rental assistance, as funding is available, to very low- and extremely low-income residents at the Tropics Mobile Home Park.

Annual
certification
The City continues to provide rental assistance to very low and extremely-low income residents at the Tropics Mobile Home Park. The City also provides Tenant Based Rental
Assistance in partnership with the City of Fremont through the HOME program.

Maintain program.

HE-D.a Housing Rehabilitation
The City shall continue to apply for Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds on an annual basis. The City shall give high priority for the expenditure of a portion of CDBG funds for housing rehabilitation, and directly contract with Contract
with the
County
annually for
rehabilitation
The City continued to contract with Alameda County to
administer the Housing Rehabilitation Program. Between FY 2018-2019 and FY 2020-2021, there were 133 minor home
repair grants issued and nine major rehabilitation grants and Maintain program.

City Council/RSA Agenda 734 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
8-10 | EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
the County to administer the housing rehabilitation services.

The City shall also use Housing Successor funds and HOME funds as available and appropriate, to support housing
rehabilitation for lower-income households.
services at least one accessibility grant issued. Data from previous years is unavailable.

HE-D.b Improvements in the Decoto and Old Alvarado
Neighborhoods
As appropriate, the City shall continue capital-improvement and housing-rehabilitation programs to upgrade
infrastructure and housing in the Decoto and Old Alvarado neighborhoods.

Ongoing HOUSING REHABILITATION
The Housing Rehabilitation Program is available citywide however minor home repair grants were provided during
calendar years 2018 through 2020 to households living in Decoto and the Historic Alvarado District.

CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS - DECOTO

1. Future sidewalk and wheelchair ramp project in the Decoto District as part of the Lazuli Landing Project. AHSC award was received for the project from the State in March of 2022.

2. The Decoto Road paving project will also begin in early 2023. This will impact the portion of Decoto Road that runs next to the Decoto Neighborhood.

3. Completed the construction of the South Decoto Street to I Street and 12th to 15th Street improvements ($4 million) in 2016.

4. Completed Construction of the H Street–Green Street
improvements ($3.75 million) in 2020.

5. Completed Construction of Phase 1 of the Conversion of the Kennedy Community Center to the Kennedy Youth
Center ($4 million)

CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS - ALVARADO

1. Continued the rebranding efforts and entry/wayfinding signage for Historic Alvarado Business Area. Awarded the design build contract to Arrow Sign Company for the
entry/wayfinding signage for Historic Alvarado Business Area. Construction began in 2018.

2. Rehabilitation of the Old Alvarado/Cesar Chavez Park.

Rehabilitation construction will begin in Summer of 2022 and completion of full rehabilitation of the park will be completed by the summer of 2023.

Maintain program
City Council/RSA Agenda 735 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT | 8-11 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
HE-D.c Code Enforcement
The City shall continue to encourage the rehabilitation of substandard residential properties by homeowners and
landlords, using the Code Enforcement program, when
necessary, to improve overall housing quality and conditions in the city.

Ongoing The City continues to use code enforcement to encourage the rehabilitation of substandard residential properties. Between 2016 and 2021, at least 1,645 code enforcement cases were closed. This total includes all code enforcement cases
opened not only those specific to rehabilitation.

Maintain program.

HE-D.d Secure Buildings to Reduce Crime
The City shall continue programs that work with property owners in areas affected by poor building design and
disproportionately high levels of criminal activity to add security devices, secure property boundaries, and redesign building elements to reduce crime problems.

Ongoing Ongoing. The Police Department reviews all new housing development projects from a safety perspective.

Delete program.

HE-E.a Support Fair Housing Counseling Services
The City shall continue to provide funds and support for ECHO Housing in the operation of its fair-housing counseling services. The City shall continue to coordinate with ECHO in working with rental housing owners and tenants to ensure understanding and compliance with fair-housing laws. The City shall continue to refer housing complaints to ECHO.

Ongoing The City continues to provide CDBG funding to ECHO Housing. Between 2016 and 2020, ECHO Housing provided
fair housing services to 94 households and tenant/landlord services to more than 629 households.

Modify program to
include multilingual
outreach.

HE-E.b Distribute Fair Housing Information
The City shall obtain information on fair housing laws from the Department of Housing and Community Development
and State Fair Employment and Housing Commission’s
enforcement programs and make it available to the public.

The City shall make copies of the information available on the City’s website, at City Hall, and the local library and work with local realtor/landlord associations to distribute such information to prospective home sellers, landlords, buyers and renters.

Ongoing Information on fair housing laws and programs is regularly updated and posted on the City's website and is made
available at City Hall and community centers.

Modify program to
include multilingual
outreach.

HE-F.a Housing for Large Families
Through ongoing discussions with for-profit and non-profit developers and local realtors, the City shall monitor the needs of large families in obtaining appropriately-sized rental housing. If a need is identified, the City shall work with Ongoing The City continues to have discussions with developers regarding housing for large families as projects arise. In 2016, the City issued one building permit for a three-bedroom unit.

In 2017, the City issued building permits for 24 multi-family units that contained three bedrooms. Additionally, the City Delete program.

City Council/RSA Agenda 736 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
8-12 | EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
developers to encourage the inclusion of 3- and 4-bedroom units in new multifamily developments.
issued building permits for three single-family units with four bedrooms.

In 2018, the City issued building permits for 63 multi-family units with three-bedrooms or more. Additionally, the City issued building permits for six single-family units with three bedrooms or more.

In 2019, the City issued entitlements for the Horner Street Mixed Use project which includes seven three-bedroom units and four townhome units with three and four bedrooms. The City has confirmed that the developer will provide 10 threebedroom units as part of a large mixed-use development in the City (Integral).

HE-F.b Partnerships to Address Homeless Needs
The City shall continue to participate with the appropriate homeless agencies in its efforts to address the needs of Union City residents in need of emergency shelter or
temporary housing.

Ongoing The City coordinates with several organizations, other jurisdictions, and EveryOne Home to address homelessness in Union City.

The City is also looking at programs like the State Homekey program to help support the development of supportive
housing programs targeting homeless residents and
residents at risk of homelessness. The City is currently partnering with three other jurisdictions (Hayward, Livermore, and Piedmont) and a non-profit partner Bay Area Community Services (BACS) who will help the City acquire and rehabilitate a single family home to create supportive housing. There is a current application into the State Homekey program and the City is hoping to receive final review of their application by July 2022. The Homekey funds will help with the acquisition and rehabilitation of the project and the City will look to utilize other sources of funding like federal HOME dollars to help provide subsidy for supportive services.

The City provides CDBG funding to Abode Services, the
homeless shelter provider in the area and operates a safe parking program, CAREavan, for homeless individuals and families who are temporarily living in their cars. The program is a collaborative effort between the City, the school district's Kids' Zone program, and local community and faith-based organizations. The program rotates between five participating Modify program to
expand homeless
services.

City Council/RSA Agenda 737 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT | 8-13 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
locations including the City's senior center. More than 360 adults and 173 children participants have utilized the program since its inception in June 2016.On average, the program has 30 cars/ 50 people utilize the program per night. The City pays approximately $85,000/year to cover the cost of the over-night facility attendant.

Additionally, the City participates in the bi-annual, county-wide homeless count, except in 2020 when the count was
cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The most recent count took place in February 2022.

HE-F.c Affordable Senior Housing
As appropriate, the City shall continue to partner with the Housing Authority and non-profit developers to build
affordable senior housing on targeted sites within proximity to amenities and key services for seniors. The City shall also provide assistance in applying for funding through various Federal, State, and local programs, and offer density bonuses and other local incentives.

Ongoing The City partners with the Housing Authority and local nonprofit developers to build affordable housing. More recently, the City’s priority has been building more affordable housing for families. HACA owns three adjacent vacant parcels in Union City within the Decoto neighborhood zoned for singlefamily development. There is an opportunity to create affordable housing on these properties.

Add a new program
to work with HACA
to explore
opportunities for
new housing on
HACA owned
property.

HE-F.d Reasonable Accommodation
The City shall create a public information flyer on reasonable accommodation for disabled persons and provide that
information on the City's website.

Complete. The City created a flyer on reasonable
accommodation and it is posted on the City's website.

Completed; modify
program and
combine with HEE.b to market both
reasonable
accommodation
and fair housing
resources.

HE-F.e Development of Housing for Persons with Disabilities Where practical and feasible, the City shall support
applications for County, State, and Federal funding for the construction and rehabilitation of supportive housing for persons with disabilities, including developmental
disabilities.

Ongoing The City continues to support applications as they arise. No applications were received for supportive housing during the planning period.

Maintain program.

Consider ways to
expand program to
more proactively
support housing for
persons with
disabilities.

City Council/RSA Agenda 738 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
8-14 | EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
HE-F.h Coordinate with the Regional Center of the East Bay The City shall work with the Regional Center of the East Bay to implement an outreach program informing residents of the housing and services available for persons with
developmental disabilities. The City shall make this
information available on the City website.

Ongoing Beginning in 2015-2016, the City worked with the Regional Center of the East Bay to provide outreach and marketing material, which is available at City Hall and other community facilities
Delete program, the
City is currently not
coordinating with
the Regional Center.

HE-G.a Promote Weatherization Programs
The City shall continue to post and distribute information on currently available weatherization programs. The City shall continue to work with neighboring jurisdictions in providing and sharing information regarding green/energy
conservation innovations.

Ongoing Information on weatherization programs is regularly updated and posted on the City's website and is made available at City Hall and community centers.

Maintain program.

HE-G.b Encourage Energy Efficient Appliance Upgrades
The City shall collaborate with PG&E, Alameda County Water District, and non-profit organizations to promote existing financial incentive programs to encourage voluntary
replacement of inefficient appliances with new Energy Star appliances. The City shall leverage the Energy Upgrade
California platform to promote Energy Star appliances and electronics.

Ongoing The City promotes the Energy Upgrade program through its website, permit center, periodic workshops, and direct mail.

Combine with HEG.c.

HE-G.c Energy Upgrade California
The City shall support regional efforts to implement Energy Upgrade California program for residential property owners.

The City shall leverage Energy Upgrade California outreach and educational materials to encourage energy efficiency retrofits and the use of energy efficient, low-carbon, or renewable technologies.

Ongoing The City promotes the Energy Upgrade program through its website, permit center, periodic workshops, and direct mail.

Maintain program.

Combine with HEG.b.

HE-G.d Solar Panel Program
The City shall continue working on a comprehensive solar PV program that provides outreach, financing, and other forms of assistance to homeowners.

Ongoing The City is continuing to work on a comprehensive solar PV program and passed legislation in September 2015 approving six PACE (Property Assessed Clean Energy) providers to
operate in Union City, creating a financing option for solar PV.

Delete. Move action
to the Climate
Adaptation Plan.

HE.G.e Solar Hot Water Heater Program
The City shall develop a program to facilitate the installation of solar hot water heaters in homes.

Ongoing The City is in the process of creating a program to facilitate installation of solar hot water heaters including preparation of outreach materials that will be posted on the City’s website.

Delete. Move action
to the Climate
Adaptation Plan.

City Council/RSA Agenda 739 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT | 8-15 TABLE 8-2: EVALUATION OF UNION CITY 2015 -2023 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Program Status Evaluation Recommendation
HE-H.a Staff Coordination
City staff members involved in the implementation of
Housing Element programs shall meet biannually to review progress in addressing housing issues, especially issues relating to affordable housing.

Biannually City staff has been coordinating more frequently to evaluate the progress of Housing Element programs.

Delete. This is
standard practice.

HE-H.b Annual Progress Report
The City shall review and report annually on the
implementation of Housing Element programs and the City’s effectiveness in meeting the program objectives for the prior calendar year. The City shall present the annual report to the City Council at a public hearing before submitting the annual report to the California Department of Housing and
Community Development (HCD) and the Office of Planning
and Research (OPR).

Annually The City reviews and reports on the progress and implementation of Housing Element programs annually as is required by State law.

Delete. This is
standard practice.

Source: City of Union City, 2022.

City Council/RSA Agenda 740 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
8-16 | EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSIING ELEMENT UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 741 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-1 Chapter 9 | Goals, Policies, & Programs
This chapter of the Housing Element contains the goals, policies, implementation programs, and quantified objectives for the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing. The focus of the goals, policies, and programs in this Housing Element is to meet the housing needs of all income groups while preserving and enhancing existing neighborhoods, creating standards for high quality housing, removing impediments to housing growth, and reducing living expenses that are indirectly related to housing, such as transportation costs and energy costs.

This Housing Element includes eight goal statements. Under each goal statement, the element sets out policies that guide the City toward reaching its goals. Implementation programs are listed at the end of each goal section and describe the proposed action, the City departments with primary responsibility for carrying out the program, the timeframe for accomplishing the program, and the program objectives.

The following definitions describe the nature of the statements of goals, policies, implementation programs, and quantified objectives as they are used in the Housing Element Policy Document:
 Goal: Ultimate purpose of an effort stated in a way that is general in nature and immeasurable.  Policy: Specific statement guiding action and implying clear commitment.  Implementation Program: An action, procedure, program, or technique that carries out policy.

Implementation programs also specify primary responsibility for carrying out the action and an estimated timeframe for its accomplishment. The timeframe indicates the calendar year in which the activity is scheduled to be completed. These timeframes are general guidelines and may be adjusted based on City staffing and budgetary considerations.  Quantified Objective: The number of housing units that the City is targeting for construction, conservation, or rehabilitation during the time frame of the Housing Element based on anticipated market conditions and available resources.

City Council/RSA Agenda 742 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-2 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Housing Production
GOAL HE-1
Provide opportunities for and facilitate the development of a broad range of housing types to meet the needs of all Union City residents.

POLICIES
HE-1.1
Adequate Land to Meet the RHNA
The City shall ensure that sufficient land is available and zoned at a range of residential densities to accommodate the City’s regional housing needs allocation.

HE-1.2
Infill Housing
The City shall facilitate infill housing development near the Intermodal Station, along commercial corridors, and near employment centers.

HE-1.3
Maximize Densities
The City shall encourage development of multifamily and mixed-use designated land at the highest allowed density to make the use of land and facilities more efficient and to provide more affordable housing opportunities.

HE-1.4
No Net Loss
Consistent with “no-net-loss” density provisions contained in Government Code Section 65863, the City shall consider the potential impact on the City’s ability to meet its share of the regional housing need when reviewing proposals to downzone sites in the inventory, rezone inventory sites to other uses, or develop a housing element site with fewer units or a different income level than what is assumed for the site in the Housing Element sites inventory.

HE-1.5
By-right Housing on Prior Housing Element Sites
After January 31, 2026, the City shall allow developments with at least 20 percent affordable lowerincome housing units by-right, consistent with objective development and design standards, on lower-income sites counted in previous housing cycles, consistent with Government Code Section 65583.2 (i.e., Site LM-11 – Mission and F Street Site).

HE-1.6
Site Consolidation
The City shall encourage the consolidation of parcels designated for multifamily and mixed-use development to facilitate appropriate parcel sizes for affordable or mixed-income housing.

City Council/RSA Agenda 743 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-3 HE-1.7
Remove Regulatory Constraints
The City shall continue to ensure that City policies, regulations, and procedures do not add unnecessarily to the costs of producing housing while assuring the attainment of other City objectives.

HE-1.8
Expeditious Approval Processing
The City shall continually strive to provide expeditious approval of residential developments that meet adopted development and design standards.

HE-1.9
Integration of Below Market Rate Units
The City shall encourage residential units that are required to sell or rent at below-market rates to be integrated within market-rate developments and to be visually indistinguishable from marketrate units.

HE-1.10
Diversify Housing in Single-Family Neighborhoods
The City shall encourage a greater variety of housing options within traditionally single-family residential neighborhoods, including accessory dwelling units, SB 9 units, and lot splits consistent with Government Code Section 65852.21 (i.e., Senate Bill 9).

HE-1.11
Mechanisms for Site Remediation
The City shall explore mechanisms to support the remediation of contaminated sites to facilitate infill housing development.

Implementation Programs
HE-1.A
Maintain Vacant Land Inventory
The City shall continue to maintain a current inventory of Housing Element sites to assist developers in identifying land suitable for residential development. To ensure adequate sites are available throughout the planning period to meet the City’s RHNA, the City shall continue to update the inventory on an ongoing basis as projects are approved and new sites are rezoned. The City shall continue to make this information available to the public and developers through the City’s website.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Ongoing, update inventory as projects are approved and sites are rezoned
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Update vacant land inventory upon development of any site inventory property
City Council/RSA Agenda 744 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-4 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 HE-1.B
No Net Loss Procedures
To ensure sufficient residential capacity is maintained to accommodate the RHNA need, the City shall make findings related to the potential impact on the City’s ability to meet its unmet regional housing needs allocation when approving applications to rezone sites included in the lower- and moderate-income sites inventory or develop a lower- or moderate-income housing element site with fewer units or at a higher income than what is assumed for the site in the Housing Element sites inventory, consistent with “no-net-loss” zoning requirements in Government Code Section 65863. If at any point it is determined that the City does not have adequate capacity to meet the unmet loweror moderate-income RHNA, the City shall identify and make available a replacement site within 180 days.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Ongoing, as development projects are approved  Funding Source: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Comply with State law
HE-1.C
Restoration Site
The City shall facilitate development of a mix of high-density residential and office uses on the Cityowned Restoration Site. The City has received feasibility studies for the estimated cost and timeframe for the remediation of the site and is actively working with state and regional agencies to finalize a remediation plan and secure funding to complete full site remediation. Upon completion of this process, the City will issue a Request for Proposal (RFP) to select a developer to enter into an agreement with the City for development of the site.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Secure remediation funding and begin remediation of the site in 2023, obtain agency permits and conduct environmental review in 2024-25, complete remediation of the site in 2026-2028, issue Request for Proposals (RFP) in 2028, complete site entitlements in 2028-29, and begin site grading and construction in 2029
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time, State and Federal funding for site remediation  Objective: 300 lower-income units and 370 moderate-income units, as feasible HE-1.D
Marketplace Mixed Use Property Owner Coordination
The Marketplace Mixed Use properties are identified in the Housing Element as future opportunity sites. The City shall continue to work with the property owners within the Marketplace subarea of the Station District on redeveloping the retail centers to includes residential uses, consistent with the vision of the Station District Specific Plan. The City shall ensure property owners understand the development potential for their sites under the Station District Specific Plan, describe the streamlining benefits provided by the Specific Plan and other CEQA exemptions for infill development, and provide technical assistance and support to facilitate the redevelopment of these shopping centers to transit-oriented development. The City shall facilitate partnerships City Council/RSA Agenda 745 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-5 between property owners and affordable housing developers to find creative ways to meet the City’s inclusionary housing requirements.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Initiate contact with property owners in 2023 and meet at least annually to provide guidance and technical support for redevelopment of shopping centers within the Marketplace subarea of the Station District  Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Accelerate housing activity in the Marketplace Mixed Use subarea during the timeframe of the Housing Element
HE-1.E
Gateway Site
The City shall facilitate development of a mix of housing types on the City-owned Gateway Site.

The City has an Exclusive Negotiating Agreement with a housing developer to develop the site. The City shall continue to work with this developer to facilitate site entitlements and permits ahead of site development and housing construction.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Complete site entitlements in 2025 and begin site grading and construction in 2027
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: 135 Lower-Income Units and 200 Moderate-Income and 200 Above Moderate-Income Units, as feasible
HE-1.F
Objective Design Standards
Amend the Zoning Ordinance to ensure the City’s multi-family residential, single-family residential, and mixed-use design standards are clear and objective.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: FY 23/24
 Funding: Senate Bill 2 Planning Grant
 Objective: To streamline and increase predictability in the development review process
HE-1.G
SB 35 Procedure
The City shall establish a written procedure to implement streamlined ministerial approval in compliance with Senate Bill 35.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: FY 22/23
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
City Council/RSA Agenda 746 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-6 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031  Objective: To establish procedures that accelerate housing production consistent with State law
HE-1.H
Development Standards for Missing Middle Housing Types
The City shall amend the Zoning Code and establish development standards (e.g., minimum lot size, lot coverage, setbacks, height) that facilitate missing middle housing in traditionally singlefamily zones.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: FY 24/25
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: To establish development standards that facilitate 45 units of “missing middle housing” that is affordable by design to middle-income households in higher opportunity and higher income single-family neighborhoods HE-1.I
Modify Development Standards to Remove Constraints
The City shall review and amend the Zoning Code to ensure the height, lot coverage, setback, open space, parking for studio units, and other development standards in the RM zones facilitate and do not constrain the development of multifamily housing.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: FY 23/24
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: To establish development standards that facilitate multifamily housing HE-1.J
Facilitate Site Consolidation
The City shall work with property owners on the consolidation of parcels in the Housing Element sites inventory to facilitate development of the sites for affordable housing, particularly sites LM-3 (ANR Near BART Site), LM-6 (854 Whipple Road Site), LM-9 (Whipple/Cemex Site), LM-13 (Smith Street Site), and LM-15 (Union City Boulevard Site). The City shall continue to process lot mergers ministerially and provide technical assistance and incentives to property owners on more complicated lot consolidations.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Initiate property owner outreach in FY 23/24  Funding: Staff time
 Objective: 400 lower-income units
City Council/RSA Agenda 747 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-7 HE-1.K
Annual Review and Monitoring
The City shall prepare an Annual Progress Report (APR) and hold an annual public hearing to evaluate progress toward meeting the regional housing needs allocation (RHNA) and the objectives of the implementation programs. The annual review shall include a mid-term evaluation at year four of the eight-year cycle. The mid-term evaluation shall document progress made towards achieving the affirmatively furthering fair housing (AFFH) program objectives of the actions identified in Table 4-18. If the evaluation finds that the implementation programs are not achieving the objectives, the Planning Commission and City Council shall hold public hearings to consider and take action to amend programs as appropriate to achieve the Housing Element objectives within one year.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Annual review and submittal of APR to HCD and OPR by April 1; midterm evaluation submitted by April 1, 2028  Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: One public hearing per year to evaluate housing production and successful implementation of housing programs
Affordable Housing Production
GOAL HE-2
To assist in the production of affordable housing to meet the needs of lower-income residents.

POLICIES
HE-2.1
Affordable Housing Mix
The City shall promote mixed income and mixed-generation housing that fosters integration of residents of different socioeconomic backgrounds.

HE-2.2
Affordable Housing Ordinance
The City shall continue to implement the Affordable Housing Ordinance and shall ensure, through conditions of approval, that residential units that are required to sell or rent at below-market rates and are included within a housing development are produced simultaneously with market-rate housing.

City Council/RSA Agenda 748 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-8 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 HE-2.3
Collaborative Partnerships for Affordable Housing
The City shall continue to establish and support collaborative partnerships with non-profit organizations, affordable housing builders, and for-profit developers to gain greater access to various sources of affordable housing funds.

HE-2.4
Financial and Regulatory Incentives
The City shall continue to offer financial and regulatory incentives, such as density bonuses, fee deferrals, reductions, or waivers, where feasible, to reduce the costs and/or to remove impediments to developing affordable housing.

HE-2.5
Affordable Housing on City-owned Land
The City shall encourage the development of affordable housing on City-owned sites.

HE-2.6
Affordable Housing on Faith-based Sites
The City shall explore creative approaches to encouraging affordable housing on land owned by faith-based organizations.

HE-2.7
Flexible Mixed-use Zoning Standards for Affordable Housing The City shall allow developments of 100 percent affordable housing to meet the commercial ground floor requirement in mixed-use zones (where required) with other uses that activate the ground floor, including leasing offices, lobbies, residential amenity spaces, and other resident- or community-serving uses.

Implementation Programs
HE-2.A
Affordable Housing Ordinance
The City shall continue to implement the Affordable Housing Ordinance, which requires market-rate development to provide for below market rate units.
 Responsibility: City Council, Planning Commission, Economic and Community Development Department
 Time Frame: Ongoing, as projects are processed through the Planning Department  Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: 375 lower-income housing units and 125 moderate-income housing units to expand housing mobility opportunities for lower- and moderate-income households
City Council/RSA Agenda 749 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-9 HE-2.B
Support Affordable Housing Development
The City shall annually monitor available State and federal funding and partner with affordable housing developers in applying for funds. The City shall continue to provide incentives and funding, as available, as gap financing for affordable housing throughout the city, with priority granted to projects housing extremely low-income households and special needs groups, such as seniors and persons with disabilities, including developmental disabilities, and/or enriched with supportive services, such as childcare, health programs, or similar community support services.  Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Research Federal, State, and Local funding opportunities annually and pursue funding as available through coordination with non-profit partners and affordable housing developers
 Funding: Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds, Affordable Housing In-lieu fees, HOME, Affordable Housing Sustainable Communities (AHSC) funds, other State and Federal funds
 Objective: 250 very low and 175 low-income housing units HE-2.C
Monitor Publicly-Owned Land
The City shall regularly review the inventory of City-owned surplus, vacant, or underused land, no longer needed for current or foreseeable future public operations, that should be considered for sale or lease for development of affordable housing and/or shelters. The City shall issue a Notice of Availability or other competitive application processes to solicit affordable development proposals that incorporate innovative designs and housing options. The City shall also continue to monitor the status of available land owned by other public agencies and actively work with developers that may wish to develop such properties for affordable housing. If the publicly owned sites included in the Housing Element sites inventory are not developed with the anticipated number of lower- or moderate-income units or within two years of the specified timeframe (see Programs HE-1.C and HE-1.E), the City shall make no net loss findings or find replacement sites consistent with Government Code Section 65863.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Monitor public lands at least annually (see Programs HE-1.C and HE1.E for specific schedule of actions on City-owned sites in the inventory)  Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: 435 lower-income, 570 moderate-income, and 200 above-moderate income housing units on City-owned land
HE-2.D
Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) Promotion
The City shall promote the development of accessory dwellings units by supporting efforts to construct ADUs. Efforts may include:
 Monitoring legislative changes related to ADUs annually and updating, as necessary, the City’s Accessory Dwelling Unit regulations included in Chapter 18.34 and City handouts to ensure consistency with State law and reflect best practices.

City Council/RSA Agenda 750 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-10 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031  Amending the ADU Ordinance to allow two ADUs on parcels of a certain size if one of them is deed-restricted as lower income.
 Supporting efforts and outreach by County and Regional agencies regarding ADU construction, including participation in ADU informational training, regional working groups, and development of preapproved plans.

The City shall promote ADU tools and resources to homeowners throughout the city to promote mixed-income neighborhoods.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Update the current ADU ordinance by July 1, 2023. Review legislative changes annually in September and update ordinance as necessary to comply with State law before January 1st of the following year; participate in regional efforts on an ongoing basis; amend the ordinance by June 2024 to expand the number of allowed ADUs
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: 120 ADUs, with approximately 25 percent in high resource areas to improve housing mobility
HE-2.E
Religious Facility Housing Overlay
AB 1851 (Religious Facility Housing) provides relief in parking requirements when a religious institution partners with a nonprofit organization to provide affordable housing on site. The City shall adopt an overlay or another zoning mechanism that would allow and provide incentives for developing affordable housing on religious facility properties, including transitional housing and emergency shelters.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: FY 25/26
 Funding: General fund/Staff time
 Objective: 50 units of affordable or transitional housing HE-2.F
Housing Authority-owned Site in Decoto
The City shall work with the Housing Authority of Alameda County (HACA) to develop creative approaches to providing affordable housing on the HACA-owned site in the Decoto neighborhood. The City shall provide technical support, which may include permit streamlining, facilitating lot consolidation or zoning amendment, and/or support with neighborhood outreach.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Meet with Housing Authority at least annually starting in FY 24/25 and develop a schedule of actions to report on in annual progress reports  Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: 10 units of affordable housing
City Council/RSA Agenda 751 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-11 Housing Preservation
GOAL HE-3
To preserve and maintain existing housing to promote
continued housing affordability and stability.

POLICIES1.H
HE-3.1
Preserve At-risk Affordable Housing
The City shall work with property owners and nonprofit housing providers to preserve deed-restricted affordable units at risk of conversion to market rents and extend the affordability covenants in perpetuity whenever feasible.

HE-3.2
No Net Loss of Housing Stock
The City shall ensure that sites being redeveloped for housing do not result in a net reduction in housing unit capacity, consistent with Government Code Section 66300(d).

HE-3.3
Preserve Mobile Home Communities
The City shall strive to preserve mobile home communities as an important source of affordable housing.

HE-3.4
Replacement Housing Unit Requirement
The City shall require the replacement of housing units for any new development (residential, mixed-use, or nonresidential) proposed on a site in the Housing Element inventory that meets the following conditions, consistent with the requirements of Government Code section 65915, subdivision (c)(3):
 currently has residential uses or within the past five years has had residential uses that have been vacated or demolished, and
 was subject to a recorded covenant, ordinance, or law that restricts rents to levels affordable to persons and families of low or very low-income, or
 subject to any other form of rent or price control through a public entity’s valid exercise of its police power, or
 occupied by low or very low-income households.

City Council/RSA Agenda 752 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-12 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Implementation Programs
HE-3.A
Monitor and Preserve Affordable Units
The City shall monitor affordability agreements for existing affordable housing units and maintain close contact with property owners regarding long-term plans for the affordable units. The City shall provide financial and/or technical assistance to property owners whose affordability restrictions will expire within 36 months for preservation and/or rehabilitation of the affordable units. In the event at-risk units are not preserved, the City shall require projects that received government funding and/or were granted a density bonus to comply with the required noticing procedures under State law, including providing at least three years notice prior to the conversion of any deed-restricted affordable rental units to market rate and providing additional notice at 12 and 6 months. The City shall also minimize displacement of current tenants by negotiating an antidisplacement policy or relocation mitigation with the owner, whenever possible.  Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Begin engaging property owners in FY 24/25  Funding: In-lieu fees, Affordable Housing Impact Fees, HOME  Objective: Preservation of 206 at-risk affordable units Housing Services and Assistance
GOAL HE-4
To assist Union City households in obtaining and maintaining adequate housing.

POLICIES
HE-4.1
First-time Homebuyers
The City shall support first-time homebuyers in accessing programs available through the County, with an emphasis on providing homeownership opportunities for black households and other households of color which historically could not access homeownership.

HE-4.2
Housing Choice Vouchers
The City shall support the continued use of Housing Choice Vouchers (HCV) by Union City residents and shall encourage landlord participation in the HCV program.

HE-4.3
Foreclosure Assistance
The City shall strive to minimize the number of foreclosures by linking potential homebuyers with homebuyer education and counseling services.

City Council/RSA Agenda 753 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-13 HE-4.4
Rental Assistance for Mobile Home Park Residents
The City shall continue to provide rental assistance, based on available funding, to the Tropics Mobile Home Park to maintain affordability for mobile home park residents.

HE-4.5
Accessible Information on Affordable Housing
The City shall ensure that information on affordable housing programs is readily available throughout the city and in multiple languages.

Implementation Programs
HE-4.A
First Time Homebuyer Program
The City shall continue to promote first time homebuyer programs to Union City residents, including Alameda County (AC) Boost and the Alameda County Downpayment Assistance Loan Program. The City shall collaborate with the County on an outreach strategy targeted at providing homeownership opportunities for black households and other households of color which historically could not access homeownership.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Initiate collaboration with County in FY 23/24  Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Connect 15 Union City households with first-time homebuyer resources to increase awareness of housing mobility opportunities HE-4.B
Housing Choice Voucher Program
The City shall continue to support the Housing Authority of Alameda County (HACA) in its continuing collaboration with the Housing Authority and the utilization of the Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) Program to assist very low-income Union City households. The City shall collaborate with the Housing Authority on an educational campaign to educate landlords about their obligation to accept vouchers under fair housing laws and to encourage landlords in single-family neighborhoods to actively participate in the HCV Program as a way to affirmatively further fair housing. The City will host or co-sponsor at least one workshop during the planning period and will distribute mailers to landlords within the city. The City will also maintain resource links to the Housing Authority on its website.
 Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Initiate collaboration with HACA in FY 24/25 with the goal of supporting an educational campaign for landlords before 2026  Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Increase HCVs in Union City single family neighborhoods by 5 percent Note: There are currently (2022) 727 HCVs in Union City.

City Council/RSA Agenda 754 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-14 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 HE-4.C
Homebuyer Education and Foreclosure Counseling
The City shall support the efforts of local HUD-approved counseling agencies in their homebuyereducation, post-purchase, and default/foreclosure counseling efforts. The City shall post information on the City website about foreclosure counseling, toll-free hotlines, foreclosure prevention programs, and other resources available for residents facing possible foreclosures. The City shall ensure that materials are available in multiple languages to reach a broad spectrum of the community.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Update website in FY 24/25 and review every two years thereafter  Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Prevent foreclosures
HE-4.D
Rental Assistance Program
The City shall continue to provide rental assistance, as funding is available, to very low- and extremely low-income residents at the Tropics Mobile Home Park.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Annual certification
 Funding: Housing Successor Agency funds
 Objective: Rental assistance to 170 households
HE-4.E
Multilingual Outreach on Affordable Housing Opportunities The City shall continue to provide outreach to community residents throughout the city to inform them of opportunities to access affordable housing. The City shall place general information regarding affordable housing programs as well as promoting specific projects on the City website, in the City newsletter, at City Hall, in the local newspaper, and on local cable access. The City shall also continue to participate in annual housing fairs and other presentations and workshops to promote the City’s housing programs in the community. The City shall ensure materials are available in multiple languages.
 Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Prepare outreach materials in FY 23/24 and update annually as necessary. Conduct workshops at least annually
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time, Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds
 Objective: Increase access to information about affordable housing opportunities City Council/RSA Agenda 755 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-15 Neighborhood Preservation
GOAL HE-5
To maintain healthy neighborhoods by improving the condition of the existing housing stock and the integrity of residential neighborhoods.

POLICIES
HE-5.1
Eliminate Incompatible Land Uses
The City shall seek to eliminate incompatible land uses or blighting influences from residential neighborhoods through cooperative neighborhood improvement programs, targeted code enforcement action, and other available regulatory measures.

HE-5.2
Conserve and Protect Housing in the Decoto Neighborhood and Historic Alvarado District The City shall continue to preserve historic structures, conserve and protect the existing housing stock, provide adequate new housing, and avoid incompatible land uses in the Decoto and Historic Alvarado District neighborhoods.

HE-5.3
Abatement of unsafe structures and resources for residents The City shall continue the abatement of unsafe structures, giving property owners ample opportunities to correct deficiencies.

HE-5.4
Housing Rehabilitation Programs
The City shall continue to give housing rehabilitation efforts high priority in the use of Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds.

HE-5.5
Investment in Older Residential Neighborhoods
The City shall continue to support the revitalization of older residential neighborhoods by keeping streets, sidewalks, and other municipal systems in good repair. The City shall continue to work cooperatively with other agencies and utilities concerning the maintenance of their properties and equipment in Union City.

HE-5.6
Mobile Home Park Maintenance
The City shall continue to promote the maintenance of existing mobile home communities.

City Council/RSA Agenda 756 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-16 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 HE-5.7
Safe and Amenity Rich Multifamily Housing
The City shall require that multifamily housing be designed for the safety and security of children, and provide amenities for children (e.g., playgrounds) within the complex.

Implementation Programs
HE-5.A
Housing Rehabilitation
The City shall continue to apply for Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds on an annual basis. The City shall give high priority for the expenditure of a portion of CDBG funds for housing rehabilitation, and directly contract with the County to administer the housing rehabilitation services. The City shall also use Housing Successor funds and HOME funds, as available and appropriate, to support housing rehabilitation for lower-income households.  Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Contract with the County annually for rehabilitation services  Funding: CDBG funds
 Objective: Rehabilitate 25 units per year
HE-5.B
Code Enforcement
The City shall continue to encourage the rehabilitation of substandard residential properties by homeowners and landlords, using the Code Enforcement process when necessary, to improve overall housing quality and conditions in the city.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: As complaints are received
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Respond to complaints within 10-14 days
City Council/RSA Agenda 757 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-17 Fair and Equal Housing Opportunity
GOAL HE-6
To ensure fair and equal opportunity to secure safe, sanitary, and affordable housing for everyone in the community.

POLICIES
HE-6.1
Affirmatively Further Fair Housing
The City shall ensure policies and development regulations follow the principle of equal access to housing opportunities.

HE-6.2
Promote Equal Housing Opportunity
The City shall promote housing opportunities for all persons regardless of age, race, creed, religion, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, ancestry, national origin, color, disability, economic level, or other barriers that prevent choice in housing.

HE-6.3
Enforce Fair Housing Laws
The City shall continue to support and enforce laws and programs that promote equal housing opportunities and provide fair housing and tenant/landlord mediation services.

HE-6.4 (
Protect Residents from Displacement
The City shall strive to protect residents from displacement and offer tenant protections.

HE-6.5
Improve Neighborhood Opportunity
The City shall work to make all neighborhoods places of opportunity.

Implementation Programs
HE-6.A
Support Fair Housing Counseling Services
The City shall continue to provide funds and support for ECHO Housing in the operation of its fairhousing counseling services. The City shall continue to coordinate with ECHO in working with rental housing owners and tenants to ensure understanding and compliance with fair-housing laws. The City shall continue to refer housing complaints to ECHO. The City shall work with ECHO Housing to expand multilingual access to fair housing services.  Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Ongoing
City Council/RSA Agenda 758 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-18 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031  Funding: Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds  Objective: Provide fair housing services to 10 households annually and tenant/landlord counseling to 100 individuals each year HE-6.B
Distribute Fair Housing Information
The City shall obtain information on fair housing laws from the Department of Housing and Community Development and State Fair Employment and Housing Commission’s enforcement programs and make it available to the public in multiple languages. The City shall make copies of the information available on the City’s website, at City Hall, and the local library and work with local realtor/landlord associations to distribute such information to prospective home sellers, landlords, buyers, and renters.
 Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Prepare and translate materials in FY 23/24 and distribute at least annually
 Funding: Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds  Objective: Distribute information to 25 prospective home sellers, landlords, buyers, and renters
HE-6.C
Enforce Tenant Protection Ordinances
The City shall monitor and enforce compliance with the Eviction Harassment Protection Ordinance and the Rent Review Ordinance to prevent residents from displacement.  Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Annual monitoring
 Funding: Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds, General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Protect tenants from displacement
HE-6.D
Increase Opportunities in the Decoto and Historic Alvarado District Neighborhoods The City shall continue to prioritize public improvements that improve pedestrian safety and promote active mobility and target housing rehabilitation programs in areas with the greatest need, such as in the Decoto neighborhood and Historic Alvarado District. The City shall encourage placebased strategies for neighborhood planning and improvements that incorporate biking, pedestrian, and public transit connections from lower-resource to higher-resource areas and providing shade coverage, such as tree canopy or awnings, at public transit, to enhance access to amenities and to transform areas in need into areas of opportunity. Specific improvements shall include: bicycle and pedestrian improvements along Mission Boulevard, improvements to Old Alvarado / Cesar Chavez Park include resurfacing of walkways throughout park, updating BBQ and picnic areas making them ADA compliant and accessible, and updating the park equipment and play areas.  Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department City Council/RSA Agenda 759 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-19  Time Frame: Contract with the County annually for Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds; pursue State and Federal grant programs annually  Funding: CDBG funds, HOME funds, General funds, Affordable Housing and Sustainable Communities (AHSC), Infill Infrastructure Grant Catalytic Program, and other State and Federal grants, as available
 Objective: Prioritize improvement of public facilities and development of complete streets and transit amenities in the Decoto Neighborhood and Historic Alvarado District to encourage place-based revitalization and improve pedestrian safety in older, relatively lower-income neighborhoods
HE-6.E
Community Engagement and Capacity Building
The City shall work to increase awareness and build capacity among historically underrepresented populations by targeting public outreach and community engagement efforts to reach residents with the greatest need. The City shall look for opportunities to expand its outreach and public education on available housing services and programs to reach vulnerable and at-risk households by offering information in other languages, conducting targeted social media and e-blast efforts, combining information on resources, getting feedback from residents, and partnering with local service providers and religious facilities to disseminate information.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development
 Time Frame: Develop outreach strategies by FY 24/25
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Build capacity and awareness of housing programs and services to historically underrepresented populations and residents with the greatest need Special Needs
GOAL HE-7
Provide a range of housing services to meet the needs
of special needs groups within Union City.

POLICIES
HE-7.1
Special Needs Services
The City shall partner with community and non-profit organizations to provide health, housing, educational, and other social services for households with special needs.

City Council/RSA Agenda 760 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-20 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 HE-7.2
Regional Coordination
The City shall continue to support efforts at the regional and sub-regional levels to provide housing and services for people experiencing homelessness and those in need of emergency shelter.

HE-7.3
Sites for Emergency Shelters
The City shall continue to ensure sites are available for the development of emergency shelters and transitional housing and work with local partners to explore opportunities for emergency shelters and transitional housing in the city.

HE-7.4
Diversity of Housing Types and Age-Friendly Housing for Seniors The City shall encourage a diversity of housing types and age-friendly housing that could meet the needs of seniors, including rental housing, apartments designed specifically for seniors, shared housing, accessory dwelling units (ADUs), group homes, independent living and assisted living facilities, and congregate care facilities.

HE-7.5
Encourage Accessible and Senior Housing Near Amenities and Transit The City shall encourage the development of accessible and senior housing, particularly in neighborhoods that are accessible to public transit, commercial services, and health and community facilities.

HE-7.6
Senior Assisted Living Program Information
The City shall ensure that information on senior assisted living programs is readily available throughout the city.

HE-7.7
Reasonable Accommodation
The City shall ensure equal access to housing for people with disabilities by providing reasonable accommodation in regard to relief from land use and zoning laws, rules, policies, practices, and/or procedures of the City.

HE-7.8
Adaptable and Accessible Units in New Housing Developments The City shall strive to increase the level of accessibility to disabled individuals in housing developments by encouraging developers to increase the number of adaptable and accessible units beyond Federal and State-mandated levels.

HE-7.9
Universal Design
The City shall encourage universal design features in housing units and built environments to create better housing accessibility for seniors and people with disabilities.

City Council/RSA Agenda 761 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-21 HE-7.10
Family Friendly Housing
The City shall encourage the development of housing projects that accommodate the needs of large families, single-parent households, and families with children, such as including units with three or more bedrooms, on-site childcare facilities, and/or family-friendly open space and common areas.

Implementation Programs
HE-7.A
Zoning Ordinance Amendments for Special Needs Housing
The City shall prepare and adopt the following amendments to the Zoning Ordinance to allow housing for special needs groups consistent with State law:
 Allow “low barrier navigation center” developments by right in mixed-use zones and nonresidential zones permitting multifamily uses, consistent with Government Code Section 65662.
 Allow for the approval of 100 percent affordable developments that include a percentage of supportive housing units, either 25 percent or 12 units, whichever is greater, to be allowed without a conditional use permit or other discretionary review in all zoning districts where multifamily and mixed-use development is permitted, consistent with Government Code Section 65651(a).  Increase the bed limitation to 50 beds or higher for emergency shelters, establish parking standards for emergency shelters consistent with Government Code 65583, and identify a residential or mixed-use zone where emergency shelters are allowed by-right, which may include the CMU, VMU, and/or RM Zoning Districts. Ensure the identified zone has available sites with capacity to accommodate at least 489 shelter beds, using the methodology outlined in Government Code section 65583 subdivision (a)(4), and that the identified zones have sites located near amenities and services that serve people experiencing homelessness, which may include health care, transportation, retail, employment, and social services.  Review and amend the zoning code to allow group homes for seven or more persons (i.e., large community care facilities) as a permitted use in residential zones and ensure zoning permits group homes objectively consistent with State law and fair housing requirements.  Expand the zones where single-room occupancy units (SROs) are a permitted use and ensure development standards, including parking, are not a barrier to the development of SROs.  Allow employee and farmworker housing consistent with California Health and Safety Code Section 17021.5(b) Section 17021.6.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: FY 23/24
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Ensure compliance with State law
City Council/RSA Agenda 762 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-22 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 HE-7.B
Partnerships to Address Homeless Needs
The City shall work with the appropriate homeless agencies and faith-based organizations through the Pastor’s Alliance, to identify new strategies and opportunities to provide new emergency shelter and transitional housing options and address the needs of Union City residents in need of emergency shelter or temporary housing.
 Responsibility: City Council, Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Initiate coordinate with Pastor’s Alliance in FY 22/23 and identify strategies by FY 23/24
 Funding: Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Funds, General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Provide shelter and/or temporary housing assistance for 100 unsheltered persons annually
HE-7.C
Reasonable Accommodation
The City shall review the current Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance and adopt objective findings for approval of reasonable accommodation requests. The City shall market outreach and educational materials on reasonable accommodation for disabled persons and provide that information on the City's website.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Review and update outreach materials in FY 23/24  Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Provide accessible materials online and at City Hall and the Union City Public Library as resources for disabled persons
HE-7.D
Development of Housing for Persons with Disabilities
The City shall encourage the development of supportive housing and support applications for County, State, and Federal funding for the construction and rehabilitation of supportive housing for persons with disabilities, including developmental disabilities.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Support applications as opportunities arise  Funding: HUD Section 811 program, State and Federal Supportive Housing sources  Objective: 10 units for persons with disabilities to reduce displacement risk HE-7.E
Safe Parking Program
The City shall continue supporting a safe parking program to provide a temporary and safe place to park overnight for individuals and families living in vehicles, while providing access to basic amenities and services that will help with the transition to permanent housing. The program will also look to add staff to expand the service area and look to partner with additional community and faith based City Council/RSA Agenda 763 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-23 partners who could provide sites for safe parking. The program has been implemented since 2016 and has been a focal point of the City’s homeless services strategy and the City will look to expand the program to continue to meet the growing need for safe parking sites.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Ongoing and the City will continue to annually look for funding opportunities to support the program starting in FY 23/24.  Funding: Permanent Local Housing Allocation (PLHA) funds, Homeless Housing, Assistance and Prevention (HHAP) funds, Homeless Emergency Aid Program (HEAP), Cannabis Community Benefit Funds
 Objective: Provide safe parking locations for 30 vehicles per night HE-7.F
Scattered Site Housing for Persons Experiencing Homelessness The City shall partner with other Alameda County cities and Bay Area Community Services (BACS) to apply for Project Homekey funds to support the acquisition and conversion of single-family homes to supportive shared housing for people experiencing homelessness. If the project is awarded funds and BACS acquires a property in Union City, the City will record a 55-year regulatory agreement against the subject property restricting the rents for extremely low-income households and establishing property maintenance and management standards. Staff will work with BACS and the other participating cities to refine the program goals, secure matching funding from Alameda County HOME Consortium and submit the application when the Homekey 2.0 NOFA is released in March 2023 and prior to the June 30, 2023 deadline for regional priority consideration.
 Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Apply for Project Homekey 2.0 funding when NOFA is released in March of 2023 and apply prior to the June 30, 2023 deadline and identify scattered sites by March/April/May 2023
Funding: Project Homekey, HOME funds
 Objective: Purchase 1-2 properties in partnership with BACS utilizing the Homekey funds, if awarded, to provide extremely low-income housing units for persons experiencing homelessness, with a goal of identifying the majority of sites in high resource census tracts
City Council/RSA Agenda 764 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-24 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Energy Conservation and Sustainability
GOAL HE-8
Encourage sustainability practices in all new and existing housing through green building, achieving residential energy efficiency, and promotion and education.

POLICIES
HE-8.1
Green Building
The City shall continue to encourage green building in new residential construction to exceed CALGreen requirements for energy efficiency.

HE-8.2
Residential Energy Efficiency Promotion
The City shall work with local utility companies to raise awareness and promote energy efficiency, including disseminating information on programs and resources to residents.

HE-8.3
Transit-Oriented Development
The City shall continue to encourage transit-oriented development (TOD) as a means for creating walkable, transit-friendly communities that reduce reliance on the automobile, increase livability, and reduce overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

HE-8.4
Renewable Energy in New Residential Construction
The City shall encourage the increased use of renewable energy in new residential building construction.

HE-8.5
Shade Trees in New Residential Construction
The City shall encourage the use of shade trees in new residential development to contribute to a better sense of place and to reduce residential cooling needs associated with the urban heat island effect while still balancing the need to encourage solar access.

HE-8.6
Water Efficient Landscaping Requirements
The City shall continue to require compliance with the Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (Municipal Code 18.112) and the Landscape Standards Policy Statement, which requires the use of water-efficient landscaping.

City Council/RSA Agenda 765 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS | 9-25 HE-8.7
Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Program
The City shall continue supporting State and regional efforts to provide low-cost PACE financing program to encourage investment in energy-efficiency retrofits.

Implementation Programs
HE-8.A
Promote Weatherization Programs
The City shall continue to post and distribute information on currently available weatherization programs and continue to work with neighboring jurisdictions in providing and sharing information regarding green/energy conservation innovations and resources.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Ongoing
 Funding: Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds  Objective: Provide information and resources on the City website HE-8.B
Encourage Residential Energy Efficient Retrofits and Upgrades The City shall continue to collaborate with Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E), East Bay Community Energy (EBCE), the Bay Area Regional Energy Network (BayREN), Alameda County Water District, and non-profit organizations to promote existing financial incentive programs to encourage voluntary energy efficiency upgrades and replacement of inefficient appliances with new Energy Star appliances. The City shall continue to leverage and use outreach and educational materials from the Energy Upgrade California program developed for residential property owners to encourage energy efficient retrofits and the use of energy efficient, low carbon, or renewable technologies.  Responsibility: Economic and Community Development Department  Time Frame: Ongoing
 Funding: General Fund/Staff time
 Objective: Partner with utility providers and regional organizations to provide information and resources to residents
Quantified Objectives
One of the requirements of State law (California Government Code Section 65583[b]) is that the Housing Element contain quantified objectives for the maintenance, preservation, improvement, and development of housing. State law recognizes that the total housing needs identified by a community may exceed available resources and the community’s ability to satisfy this need. Under these circumstances, the quantified objectives need not be identical to the total housing needs.

The quantified objectives shown in Table 9-1 represent targets. They are estimates based on experience, anticipated funding levels, and housing market conditions. The quantified objectives are not designed to be minimum requirements.

City Council/RSA Agenda 766 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
9-26 | GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 The quantified objectives are based largely upon implementation programs that have measurable outcomes. However, the Housing Element contains several policies and implementation programs that reduce barriers and create opportunities for affordable housing. These policies and programs are essential to meeting the City’s housing needs but are more qualitative and difficult to quantify.

TABLE 9-1: SUMMARY OF 2023-2031 QUANTIFIED OBJECTIVES, UNION CITY (2023-2031) Program Types
Extremely
LowIncome
Very LowIncomeLowIncomeModerateIncome
Above
ModerateIncomeTotal
New Construction1 431 431 496 382 988 2,728
Rehabilitation2 50 150 200
Preservation (At Risk Housing)3 103 103 206
Rental Assistance (Section 8 and
Local Rental Assistance
Programs)4
300 300 300 900
Homeowner Assistance5 15 15
Notes:
1 New Construction objective is equal to the RHNA
2 See Program HE-5.A
3 There are 206 assisted units considered “at risk” of converting to market rate. See Program HE-3.A 4 See Programs HE-4.B and HE-4.D.
5 See Program HE-4.A
City Council/RSA Agenda 767 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS Appendix A | Public Engagement Materials
City Council/RSA Agenda 768 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 769 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS Outreach Flyers
City Council/RSA Agenda 770 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 771 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Attend a Virtual Workshop
Francisco Gomez Jr.

Housing & Community Development Manager
Economic & Community Development Department
[email protected]
The City’s Housing Element
addresses housing needs
and shows how the City will
accommodate its fair share
of the regional housing needs,
as required by State law.

The City is required to update
its Housing Element every
8 years and this update will
cover the time period from
2023-2031.

What is a
Housing Element?

HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE
Union City is updating its Housing Element and needs your input! There are a number of ways to participate and share your concerns, ideas, and solutions for housing in your community.

ENGLISH
Thursday, Feb. 24th, 2022
6:30pm – 8:00pm
Register here:
qrco.de/1workshop

SPANISH
Monday, Feb. 28th, 2022
6:30pm – 8:00pm
Register here:
qrco.de/2workshop
Saturday, Feb. 26th, 2022
9am to 1pm
Old Alvarado Park
30940 Watkins St
Union City, CA
Visit our Booth at the Farmer’s Market
Take a Survey
English
qrco.de/
1english
Español
qrco.de/
2spanish
中文
qrco.de/
3mandarin
Tagalog
qrco.de/
4tagalog
हिन्दी
qrco.de/
5hindi
Available online, through Mar. 18, 2022, in the following languages:

Visit the project website, unioncity.org/HousingElement or contact the City’s Housing and Community
Development Manager, Francisco Gomez Jr., to learn
more about the City’s Housing Element Update! City Council/RSA Agenda 772 Tuesday, May 23, 2023 एक वर्चुअल वर्क्शाप में भाग लें
फ्रांसिस्को गोमेज़ जूनियर (Francisco Gomez Jr.)
आवास एवं सामुदायिक विकास प्रबंधक
यूनियन सिटी | आर्थिक और सामुदायिक विकास विभाग
[email protected]
सिटी का हाउसिंग एलिमेंट आवास
संबंधी ज़रूरतों को पूरा करता है और यह
दिखाता है कि सिटी राज्य के कानून की
आवश्यकताओं के अनुरूप, क्षेत्रीय
आवास के अपने उचित हिस्से को कैसे
समायोजित करेगा। सिटी को हर 8 वर्ष
में अपने हाउसिंग एलिमेंट को अपडेट
करना ज़रूरी होता है और इस अपडेट में
2023 -2031
हाउसिंग एलिमेंट क्या है?
नियन सिटी हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
यूनियन सिटी अपने हाउसिंग एलिमेंट को अपडेट कर रहा है और इसमें आपके सहयोग की ज़रूरत है! ऐसे बहुत से तरीके हैं जिनसे आप भाग ले सकते हैं और अपने समुदाय में आवास के बारे में अपनी चिंताओं, विचारों और उपायों को साझा कर सकते हैं। अंग्रेज़ी
24 फ़रवरी 2022
शाम 6:30 – 8:30 बजे
यहाँ रजिस्टर करें:
qrco.de/1workshop
निश
28 फ़रवरी 2022
शाम 6:30 – 8:30 बजे
यहाँ रजिस्टर करें:
qrco.de/2workshop
26 फ़रवरी 2022
सुबह 9 बजे से दोपहर 1 बजे तक
Old Alvarado Park
30940 Watkins St
Union City, CA
किसान मंडी में हमारे बूथ पर आएँ
एक सर्वेक्षण में हिस्सा लें
अंग्रेज़ी
qrco.de/
1english
स्पेनिशी
qrco.de/
2spanish
मैंडरिन
qrco.de/
3mandarin
टेगालोग
qrco.de/
4tagalog
हिन्दी
qrco.de/
5hindi
निम्न भाषाओं में उपलब्ध:
की अवधि शामिल होगी। सिटी के हाउसिंग एलीमेंट अपडेट के बारे में ज़्यादा जानकारी के लिए, प्रॉजेक्ट की वेबसाइट पर जाएँ,
unioncity.org/HousingElement या शहर के आवास एवं सामुदायिक विकास प्रबंधक, फ्रांसिस्को गोमेज़ जूनियर (Francisco Gomez Jr.) City Council/RSA Agenda 773 Tuesday, May 23, 2023 से संपर्क करें! 参加虚拟研讨会
Francisco Gomez Jr.
住房和社区开发经理
联合市 | 经济和社区发展部
[email protected]
根据州法律的要求，本市的住
房要素旨在解决住房需求，并
说明本市将如何满足本区域住
房需求。本市需要每8年更新一
次住房要素，本次更新将涵盖
2023年至2031年。
什么是住房要素？
联合市住房要素更新
联合市正在更新住房要素，需要了解您的意见！
您有多种方式可以参与进来，分享您对您社区住房的疑虑、
想法和解决方案。
英文
2022年2月24日
晚上6:30 – 8:30
在此注册
qrco.de/1workshop
西班牙文
2022年2月28日
晚上6:30 – 8:30
在此注册
qrco.de/2workshop
2022年2月26日
早上9点至下午1点
Old Alvarado Park
30940 Watkins St
Union City, CA
访问我们在农夫市场的摊位
填写调查问卷
英文
qrco.de/
1english
西班牙文
qrco.de/
2spanish
中文
qrco.de/
3mandarin
加禄文
qrco.de/
4tagalog
印度文
qrco.de/
5hindi
提供以下语言版本
欲了解更多关于本市住房要素更新的信息，请访问项
目网站 unioncity.org/HousingElement 或联系本市
的住房和社区开发经理Francisco Gomez Jr。
City Council/RSA Agenda 774 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Hindi
qrco.de/
5hindi
Participe en un taller virtual
Francisco Gomez Jr.

Housing & Community Development Manager
Economic & Community Development Department
[email protected]
El Elemento de Vivienda
de Union City aborda las
necesidades de vivienda y
muestra cómo acogerá el
municipio una cuota justa sobre
las necesidades de vivienda a
nivel regional, según lo establece
la ley estatal. El municipio
debe actualizar su Elemento
de Vivienda cada 8 años. La
presente actualización cubrirá el
período de 2023 -2031.
¿Qué es el Elemento
de Vivienda?
ACTUALIZACIÓN DEL ELEMENTO DE VIVIENDA
¡Union City está actualizando su Elemento de Vivienda
y necesita de su colaboración! Hay varias formas como puede participar y compartir sus preocupaciones, ideas y soluciones para los problemas de vivienda que afectan a su comunidad.

INGLÉS
Jueves, 24 de febrero de 2022
6:30pm – 8:00pm
Regístrese aquí:
qrco.de/1workshop
ESPAÑOL
Jueves, 28 de febrero de 2022
6:30pm – 8:00pm
Regístrese aquí:
qrco.de/2workshop
Sábado, 26 de febrero de 2022
9am to 1pm
Old Alvarado Park
30940 Watkins St
Union City, CA
Visite nuestra caseta en el mercado local
Responda una encuesta
Disponible en los siguientes idiomas:

Visite el sitio web del proyecto en unioncity.org/
HousingElement o comuníquese con el Gerente de
Vivienda y Desarrollo Comunitario del Municipio, Francisco Gómez Jr., para obtener más información sobre la
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City.

English
qrco.de/
1english
Español
qrco.de/
2spanish
Mandarín
qrco.de/
3mandarin
Tagalo
qrco.de/
4tagalog
City Council/RSA Agenda 775 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Dumalo sa isang Virtual Workshop
Francisco Gomez Jr.

Tagapamahala ng Pabahay at Pagpapaunlad ng Komunidad
Lungsod ng Union | Kagawaran ng Pang-ekonomiko at
Pangkomunidad na Pagpapaunlad
[email protected]
Tinutugunan ng Elemento
ng Pabahay ng Lungsod ang
mga pangangailangan sa
pabahay at ipinapakita kung
paano tutugunan ng Lungsod
ang patas na bahagi nito sa
mga pangangailangan sa
pabahay sa rehiyon, gaya ng
iniaatas ng batas ng Estado.

Kinakailangan ng Lungsod
na baguhin ang Elemento ng
Pabahay nito tuwing 8 taon
at sasaklawin ng pagbabago
na ito ang yugto ng panahon
mula 2023 hanggang 2031.

Ano ang Elemento
ng Pabahay?

MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY
Gagawa ng mga pagbabago ang Lungsod ng Union sa Elemento ng Pabahay nito at kailangan ang inyong opinion! Gagawa ng mga pagbabago ang Lungsod ng Union sa Elemento ng Pabahay nito at kailangan ang inyong opinion! Mayroong ilang mga paraan upang makilahok at ibahagi ang inyong mga alalahanin, ideya, at solusyon para sa pabahay sa inyong komunidad
INGLES
Huwebes, ika-24 ng Pebrero, 2022
6:30pm – 8:00pm
Magpatala dito:
qrco.de/1workshop

ESPANYOL
Lunes, ika-28 ng Pebrero, 2022
6:30pm – 8:00pm
Magpatala dito:
qrco.de/2workshop
Sabado, ika-26 ng Pebrero, 2022
9am hanggang 1pm
Old Alvarado Park
30940 Watkins St
Union City, CA
Bisitahin ang aming Booth sa Farmer’s Market
Sagutan ang Survey
Ingles
qrco.de/
1english
Espanyol
qrco.de/
2spanish
Mandarin
qrco.de/
3mandarin
Tagalog
qrco.de/
4tagalog
Hindi
qrco.de/
5hindi
Masasagutan ito sa mga sumusunod na wika:

Bisitahin ang website ng proyekto,
unioncity.org/HousingElement o makipag-ugnayan sa
Tagapamahala ng Pabahay at Pagpapaunlad ng Lungsod
na si Francisco Gomez Jr., para malaman pa ang tungkol sa City Council/RSA Agenda 776 Tuesday, May 23, 2023 Pagbabago sa Elemento ng Pabahay ng Lungsod! MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 777 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS Online Survey Results – English
City Council/RSA Agenda 778 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 779 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
1 / 45

89.51% 401

10.49% 47
Q1 Are you a resident of Union City? (Choose one)
Answered: 448 Skipped: 3
TOTAL 448
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Yes
No

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Yes
No
City Council/RSA Agenda 780 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
2 / 45

5.41% 24

28.83% 128

65.77% 292
Q2 Do you currently rent or own your home? (Choose one) Answered: 444 Skipped: 7
TOTAL 444
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
1 Live in parents home. 3/18/2022 3:07 PM
2 rent at small amount at my uncle's house 3/18/2022 9:49 AM 3 Live with parent. 3/17/2022 10:52 PM
4 Renting a room 3/17/2022 2:31 PM
5 Mobile home 3/15/2022 6:08 PM
6 Own but sometimes I rent for months 3/15/2022 5:40 PM 7 own property 3/15/2022 1:01 PM
8 Live with family 3/10/2022 11:22 AM
9 Live with parents 3/9/2022 9:13 PM
10 Live with parents 3/9/2022 8:23 PM
11 Landlord 3/9/2022 7:39 PM
12 live with a family member 3/9/2022 5:27 PM
13 Temporary living with family 3/1/2022 1:05 AM
14 I live with my parents, who own their home. 2/26/2022 2:09 PM 15 Live with parents 2/25/2022 4:14 PM
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
None of the
above
Rent
Own

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
None of the above
Rent
Own
City Council/RSA Agenda 781 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
3 / 45
16 Live with Parents 2/25/2022 3:15 PM
17 Living with parents, rent free 2/25/2022 1:35 PM
18 My parents own the house, we pay them rent. 2/9/2022 10:50 AM 19 Live with family 2/8/2022 5:34 PM
20 own manufacturing home, rent lot 2/8/2022 5:02 PM
21 Homeless 2/8/2022 4:47 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 782 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
4 / 45
Q3 Which of the following best describes your household? (Choose one) Answered: 450 Skipped: 1
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
None of the
above
One person
living alone
Couple with no
children in ...

Couple with
child(ren)
Single-parent
with child(ren)
Grandparent(s)
raising...

Multi-generatio
nal...

Unrelated
individuals...

Multiple
families liv...

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 783 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
5 / 45

0.44% 2

9.78% 44

21.33% 96

38.89% 175

7.56% 34

1.78% 8

12.89% 58

1.11% 5

4.22% 19

2.00% 9
TOTAL 450
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
1 Th 3/25/2022 5:43 AM
2 living with uncle and cousin 3/18/2022 9:49 AM
3 taking care of parents and rented house to a couple with no children 3/15/2022 12:13 PM 4 2 siblings 3/9/2022 9:29 PM
5 Siblings brother and sister living together 3/9/2022 6:58 PM 6 Myself and adult daughter 3/9/2022 5:57 PM
7 Me with parents 2/25/2022 4:35 PM
8 Couple with kids at college 2/10/2022 5:44 AM
9 Couple & with one brother 2/9/2022 1:09 PM

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
None of the above
One person living alone
Couple with no children in the home
Couple with child(ren)
Single-parent with child(ren)
Grandparent(s) raising grandchild(ren)
Multi-generational (grandparents, parents, and grandchildren) Unrelated individuals living together
Multiple families living together
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 784 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
6 / 45

75.22% 337

3.57% 16

10.27% 46

7.14% 32

0.89% 4

1.34% 6

1.56% 7
Q4 What type of housing do you live in? (Choose one)
Answered: 448 Skipped: 3
TOTAL 448
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
1 Single family renting room 3/27/2022 11:24 AM
2 Rent a room (from a home) 3/16/2022 11:26 PM
3 Homeless 3/9/2022 5:40 PM
4 Single family home renting room 3/9/2022 5:38 PM
5 Single family home renting a room only 2/28/2022 1:32 PM 6 Room rent 2/9/2022 4:12 AM
7 Homeless 2/8/2022 4:47 PM
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Single Family
Home
Duplex/triplex/
fourplex
Condominium or
Townhouse
Apartment
Accessory
Dwelling Uni...

Mobile home or
Manufactured...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Single Family Home
Duplex/triplex/fourplex
Condominium or Townhouse
Apartment
Accessory Dwelling Unit (granny flats/second units/guest houses) Mobile home or Manufactured Home
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 785 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
7 / 45

37.67% 168

13.68% 61

15.25% 68

11.66% 52

34.75% 155

10.31% 46

23.09% 103

4.26% 19
Q5 Have you or are you experiencing any of the following housing issues? (Choose all that apply)
Answered: 446 Skipped: 5
Total Respondents: 446
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
1 n/a 3/25/2022 5:43 AM
2 Shuffle bills 3/19/2022 10:01 AM
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
None of the
above
Struggle to
pay rent or...

Lack funding
to make...

Significant
rent increase
Want to move
but can’t fi...

Too many
people livin...

Adult child
living at ho...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
None of the above
Struggle to pay rent or mortgage (e.g., sometimes paying late, not paying other bills to pay rent, not buying food or medicine)
Lack funding to make necessary home repairs
Significant rent increase
Want to move but can’t find or afford a home that meets my and my family’s needs Too many people living in one home (overcrowding)
Adult child living at home due to inability to afford housing Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 786 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
8 / 45
3 Low Income 3/18/2022 8:24 PM
4 Elder living at home due to inability to afford housing 3/17/2022 10:20 PM 5 High taxes 3/17/2022 2:28 PM
6 I am unable to park on street in front of my own house- too many renters in neighboring houses - and not enough parking spots allotted correctly
3/17/2022 1:30 PM
7 My children cannot live near me. 3/16/2022 1:20 PM
8 Adults living at home due to intellectual disabilities 3/16/2022 12:46 PM 9 Prices are too high and rent makes it hard to save enough for 20% down payment 3/15/2022 3:06 PM 10 House is paid off 3/15/2022 1:09 PM
11 I am the owner but renting the home to a family with children. 3/15/2022 12:10 PM 12 too expensive 3/15/2022 12:07 PM
13 too many people living in neighbors home, crowded, parking issues 3/10/2022 7:05 AM 14 More Crimes in neighborhood 3/9/2022 6:33 PM
15 Rent to hight 3/9/2022 5:40 PM
16 Property tax levels 3/9/2022 5:39 PM
17 Senior housing 2/27/2022 1:37 PM
18 maintenance a challenge 2/25/2022 4:11 PM
19 Unacceptable property party line privscy piece issues 2/10/2022 11:27 PM City Council/RSA Agenda 787 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
9 / 45
Q6 What do you feel is the most significant housing problem facing Union City residents? (Choose up to three)
Answered: 451 Skipped: 0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Not enough
homes for sale
Not enough
places to rent
Rents are too
high
Buying a house
is too...

Housing sizes
don’t meet...

Housing
conditions a...

Too expensive
to maintain ...

Not enough
housing for...

Not enough
shelters or...

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 788 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
10 / 45

22.84% 103

8.20% 37

45.68% 206

73.17% 330

7.10% 32

4.43% 20

18.18% 82

15.08% 68

21.06% 95

9.09% 41
Total Respondents: 451
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
1 does not have a housing assistance program 3/18/2022 9:49 AM 2 Homelessness and trashed neighborhoods 3/17/2022 9:08 PM 3 Police, fire, and other city services diminished, and taxes increase 3/17/2022 2:28 PM 4 Too many houses are being built 3/17/2022 1:31 PM
5 Houses are being bought to rent and pack many renters into a house- or adding illegal additions to existing houses to add more renters
3/17/2022 1:30 PM
6 Schools 3/17/2022 1:01 PM
7 None of these apply to me. 3/17/2022 12:40 PM
8 Want to purchase a single family home because I am a senior 3/17/2022 12:08 PM 9 Too crowded, taking away quality of life 3/16/2022 12:46 PM 10 Homes should go first to families not investors 3/16/2022 11:59 AM 11 Should not built houses anywhere in California, because there is not enough water. 3/16/2022 10:31 AM 12 Very high property taxes 3/16/2022 10:22 AM
13 Too much garbage 3/15/2022 10:41 PM
14 Need to have outhouses so parents can live 3/15/2022 5:40 PM 15 Overcrowding 3/15/2022 4:28 PM
16 None of the above 3/15/2022 2:38 PM
17 Not enough long-term affordable housing that can keep our community diverse socioeconomically and allow families to stay in Union City3/15/2022 12:37 PM 18 better schools 3/15/2022 12:13 PM
19 None 3/12/2022 4:54 PM
20 Want to buy rental investment property but rules and regulations too unfavorable to small landlords
3/12/2022 3:08 PM
21 housing for developmentally disabled persons 3/10/2022 7:24 PM

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Not enough homes for sale
Not enough places to rent
Rents are too high
Buying a house is too expensive
Housing sizes don’t meet family needs
Housing conditions are poor
Too expensive to maintain my home as a property owner
Not enough housing for seniors or people with disabilities Not enough shelters or services for people experiencing homelessness Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 789 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
11 / 45
22 None of these. The housing is good. 3/9/2022 10:31 PM 23 Homeless need to move out of the expensive bay area 3/9/2022 6:33 PM 24 Sometimes I see homeless people are asking for money in shopping plaza, this is really annoying
3/6/2022 9:57 PM
25 Lack of code enforcement and placing homeless into facilities where they can benefit. 2/25/2022 9:26 PM 26 Governmentinterfering in the free market which makes things worse and the net effect is to raises rents and home prices
2/25/2022 5:58 PM
27 encoouraging non citizens to live in union city 2/25/2022 4:11 PM 28 City working to raise all taxes, Gas, Electric, Phone, Property. Energy prices doubled and you added a new tax on top of it all!!!!!
2/25/2022 1:18 PM
29 too many single family homes, not enough multi-family homes 2/22/2022 11:53 AM 30 Housing supply is insufficient compared to demand. 2/18/2022 4:09 PM 31 Laws aren't conducive for building more housing units 2/14/2022 8:11 PM 32 x 2/13/2022 8:10 AM
33 Need to Allow home owners to expand or increase size or do addition without increase in R. E.

Tax
2/11/2022 11:14 AM
34 Poor neighbor relations inconsiderate of others 2/10/2022 11:27 PM 35 High property taxes - higher than Fremont 2/9/2022 6:50 PM 36 need more street safety 2/9/2022 10:39 AM
37 too many houses being built. would like to see a limit on number of homes in single family homes areas.
2/8/2022 11:46 PM
38 not enough open space 2/8/2022 6:06 PM
39 crime in neighborhoods 2/8/2022 4:53 PM
40 Crime, unsafe neighborhoods 2/8/2022 4:50 PM
41 N/A 2/8/2022 4:47 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 790 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
12 / 45

2.88% 13

41.46% 187

19.07% 86

27.94% 126

22.62% 102

52.99% 239

30.60% 138

25.72% 116

11.31% 51
Q7 Which strategies do you think the City should prioritize? (Choose up to three)
Answered: 451 Skipped: 0
Total Respondents: 451
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
None of the
above
Downpayment
assistance f...

Tenant
protections ...

Promote
accessory...

Accessible
housing for...

Support
development ...

Programs for
people...

Minor home
repair programs
Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
None of the above
Downpayment assistance for homebuyers
Tenant protections for renters
Promote accessory dwelling units (granny flats/second units/ guest houses) Accessible housing for seniors or people with disabilities Support development of affordable housing
Programs for people experiencing or at risk of homelessness Minor home repair programs
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 791 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
13 / 45
1 Major home renovation programs 3/18/2022 3:07 PM
2 Crime intervention and prevention Enforcing homeless not living in neighborhoods and parks 3/17/2022 9:08 PM 3 Promote more programs for affordable home ownership 3/17/2022 5:33 PM 4 lower taxes 3/17/2022 3:09 PM
5 Police, fire, parkmaintenance 3/17/2022 2:28 PM
6 Start fining illegal construction of non-permitted additions/ housing containers in backyards of houses- that are used for rental properties
3/17/2022 1:30 PM
7 Improve Education 3/17/2022 1:01 PM
8 Major repair assistance for seniors and those with disabilities 3/17/2022 12:41 PM 9 Single family homes for Seniors 3/17/2022 12:08 PM
10 Build schools to accommodate the children in the new houses 3/16/2022 6:34 PM 11 Might be difficult to do, but affordable housing for family members to remain together in the community.
3/16/2022 1:20 PM
12 Quality of life for taxpayers in union city. 3/16/2022 12:46 PM 13 1st time buyers not investors 3/16/2022 11:59 AM
14 Real state agents try to raise the cost of houses. We need that the price of houses go down. 3/16/2022 10:31 AM 15 Development of more homes by Bart 3/15/2022 9:56 PM
16 just built more houses and improve schools 3/15/2022 9:50 PM 17 Down payment assistance for first time buyers 3/15/2022 8:28 PM 18 Lower taxes 3/15/2022 8:00 PM
19 Reduced fees for permits & decrease need for permits 3/15/2022 7:15 PM 20 Allow tax breaks or other incentives to add extra rooms for parents 3/15/2022 5:40 PM 21 Support development 3/15/2022 3:42 PM
22 Owner occupied first time buyer affordable homes 3/15/2022 2:38 PM 23 Affordable housing for families within the median income bracket because we are being priced out of the market and don’t qualify for low income housing. 3/15/2022 1:32 PM
24 affordable housing needs to be more inclusive not just for low income but some middle/moderate income single parent homes
3/15/2022 1:24 PM
25 Don’t build anymore getting overcrowded 3/15/2022 1:19 PM 26 mixed-income, high-density, multi-generational housing 3/15/2022 12:37 PM 27 assistance in switching to all electric or solar 3/15/2022 12:13 PM 28 Protect small landlords more so more are willing to rent out their properties 3/12/2022 3:08 PM 29 Protect landlords from bad renters - bad experiences would make neighbors less likely to share a room in their house for rent, thus reducing the total number available 3/11/2022 10:27 PM
30 Quit raising prop taxes, water, garbage, PG&E costs 3/10/2022 8:37 AM 31 Encourage construction of new housing units 3/9/2022 10:25 PM 32 Would be nice too see more affordable homes for sale 3/9/2022 8:36 PM 33 Reduce taxes 3/9/2022 6:33 PM
34 Safe Down sizing cottage homes for seniors 3/9/2022 6:05 PM 35 Single level Units 2bed 2 bath in one complex 3/9/2022 5:38 PM City Council/RSA Agenda 792 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
14 / 45
36 Lower tax 3/9/2022 5:28 PM
37 1. Support union city teachers to buy a house 2. Have a development for smaller houses so there will be more property to be sold or rented at an affordable price like 2 BR 2 BA housing. 2/25/2022 4:35 PM
38 Build more housing period 2/25/2022 4:23 PM
39 housing for citizens only 2/25/2022 4:11 PM
40 Allow residents of Union City be the ones to buy Property here first 2/25/2022 4:09 PM 41 Prioritize housing for residents who have lived in Union City for 5 years or more and who’s children attend Union City Schools!!!!
2/25/2022 1:45 PM
42 You have extorted to much money from the average family to fund your worthless pet projects.

STOP ALREADY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
2/25/2022 1:18 PM
43 Permit and support denser housing developments. 2/18/2022 4:09 PM 44 x 2/13/2022 8:10 AM
45 Need to Allow home owners to expand or increase size or do addition without increase in R. E.

Tax
2/11/2022 11:14 AM
46 Increase larger multi-family projects 2/9/2022 7:29 PM 47 Have remedy to help homeless and clean up our streets and make them safe. 2/9/2022 1:40 PM 48 UC does not have to pretend to be a metro city. New homes Building should be limited to new developments only. We don't want to see over crowded streets with adu, granny flats or multi homes in single family area. keep UC beautiful.
2/8/2022 11:46 PM
49 Below market rate housing program 2/8/2022 10:27 PM
50 Build much more housing, more quickly 2/8/2022 9:41 PM 51 ensuring safety against crime, loitering, street trash, visible household rubbish is foremost with any housing strategy implemented and including the necessary increases in manpower to keep people safe and areas clean
2/8/2022 4:53 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 793 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
15 / 45

9.62% 43

80.09% 358

10.29% 46
Q8 Have you or a neighbor been displaced from your home in the last five years?
Answered: 447 Skipped: 4
TOTAL 447
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Yes
No
Maybe/ Unsure

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Yes
No
Maybe/ Unsure
City Council/RSA Agenda 794 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
16 / 45

18.68% 17

48.35% 44

17.58% 16

2.20% 2

8.79% 8

4.40% 4
Q9 Which of the following best describe the reason you (or a neighbor) were displaced?
Answered: 91 Skipped: 360
TOTAL 91
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
1 Mental illness on disability cannot afford rent or buy 3/28/2022 3:53 PM 2 Location and neighborhood conditions not up to par with home prices 3/17/2022 9:09 PM 3 Rent raised and nothing being fixed 3/9/2022 5:58 PM
4 not sure 2/8/2022 4:54 PM
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Not applicable
Rent increased
more than I...

Landlord
selling home
Was living in
unsafe...

Personal
reasons
Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Not applicable
Rent increased more than I could pay
Landlord selling home
Was living in unsafe conditions
Personal reasons
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 795 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
17 / 45

9.22% 40

76.73% 333

14.06% 61
Q10 When you looked for housing in Union City in the past 10 years, did you ever feel you were discriminated against?
Answered: 434 Skipped: 17
TOTAL 434
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Yes
No
Maybe/ Unsure

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Yes
No
Maybe/ Unsure
City Council/RSA Agenda 796 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
18 / 45
Q11 Why do you think you were discriminated against? (Choose all that apply)
Answered: 111 Skipped: 340
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Not applicable
Race/
Ethnicity/...

Sex/
Gender/LGBTQ
Income status
/ Income too...

Age
Familial
status / Hav...

Disability
Criminal
history
History of
eviction,...

Being homeless
Religion
Other:

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 797 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
19 / 45

19.82% 22

40.54% 45

5.41% 6

53.15% 59

11.71% 13

11.71% 13

5.41% 6

0.00% 0

4.50% 5

2.70% 3

2.70% 3

0.00% 0

2.70% 3
Total Respondents: 111
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
1 Down payment was to high on a house due to the budget 2/26/2022 2:55 AM 2 Owning a pet (dog) 2/9/2022 8:37 PM
3 No one wants to rent to a family that has a dog. If you own a dog you have to be a homeowner, that's not right.
2/9/2022 10:51 AM

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Not applicable
Race/ Ethnicity/ Language spoken
Sex/ Gender/LGBTQ
Income status / Income too low
Age
Familial status / Having children
Disability
Criminal history
History of eviction, foreclosure, bad credit
Being homeless
Religion
Other:

Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 798 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
20 / 45

13.92% 60

86.08% 371
Q12 When you looked for housing in Union City in the past 10 years, were you ever denied housing to rent or buy?
Answered: 431 Skipped: 20
TOTAL 431
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Yes
No

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Yes
No
City Council/RSA Agenda 799 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
21 / 45
Q13 Why were you denied?
Answered: 68 Skipped: 383
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Not applicable
Income too low
Bad credit
Eviction
history
Criminal
History
Lack of stable
housing record
Size of
family; too...

I have a
housing vouc...

Employment
history
Another tenant
willing to p...

Unknown/ Not
sure / Was n...

Other:

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 800 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
22 / 45

16.18% 11

36.76% 25

8.82% 6

1.47% 1

0.00% 0

2.94% 2

2.94% 2

1.47% 1

0.00% 0

11.76% 8

13.24% 9

0.00% 0

4.41% 3
TOTAL 68
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
1 On a wait list - never called 3/28/2022 3:55 PM
2 Note sure, maybe other bid/s were all cash 3/15/2022 12:39 PM 3 competition from other buyers, esp. all-cash buyers 2/25/2022 1:36 PM

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Not applicable
Income too low
Bad credit
Eviction history
Criminal History
Lack of stable housing record
Size of family; too many people
I have a housing voucher
Employment history
Another tenant willing to pay more
Unknown/ Not sure / Was not given a reason
Other:

Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 801 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
23 / 45
Q14 What is your race?
Answered: 392 Skipped: 59
# RESPONSES DATE
1 Chinese American 4/5/2022 4:17 PM
2 Indigenous from Central America 4/5/2022 2:59 PM
3 Asian 3/29/2022 12:38 PM
4 Latino 3/28/2022 3:55 PM
5 WHITE 3/27/2022 12:57 PM
6 Asian 3/27/2022 11:27 AM
7 Asian 3/26/2022 4:50 PM
8 Mix 3/25/2022 5:46 AM
9 Asian 3/24/2022 11:02 AM
10 Asian 3/23/2022 8:21 PM
11 Asian/European 3/22/2022 8:48 AM
12 White/Asian: biracial 3/20/2022 7:29 PM
13 Black 3/20/2022 3:54 PM
14 Asian African American 3/19/2022 6:07 PM
15 White 3/19/2022 4:29 PM
16 Hispanic 3/19/2022 10:14 AM
17 Chinese 3/19/2022 9:16 AM
18 asian 3/18/2022 10:11 PM
19 ASIAN 3/18/2022 8:26 PM
20 asian 3/18/2022 4:56 PM
21 Filipino 3/18/2022 3:08 PM
22 Black 3/18/2022 1:58 PM
23 Asian 3/18/2022 9:55 AM
24 Caucasian 3/18/2022 9:46 AM
25 White 3/18/2022 4:22 AM
26 Mexican 3/18/2022 12:04 AM
27 caucasian 3/18/2022 12:01 AM
28 White 3/17/2022 11:09 PM
29 Hispanic 3/17/2022 11:05 PM
30 Filipino 3/17/2022 10:53 PM
31 Chinese 3/17/2022 10:22 PM
32 Hispanic 3/17/2022 9:59 PM
33 Asian 3/17/2022 8:38 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 802 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
24 / 45
34 asian 3/17/2022 7:42 PM
35 Mexican 3/17/2022 7:31 PM
36 Asian 3/17/2022 6:53 PM
37 Asian American 3/17/2022 6:22 PM
38 Asia 3/17/2022 6:00 PM
39 Black 3/17/2022 5:36 PM
40 Taiwanese 3/17/2022 4:08 PM
41 Prefer not to Answer 3/17/2022 3:51 PM
42 white 3/17/2022 3:43 PM
43 African American 3/17/2022 3:38 PM
44 White 3/17/2022 3:18 PM
45 mixed 3/17/2022 3:11 PM
46 Asian 3/17/2022 3:11 PM
47 Black 3/17/2022 3:10 PM
48 white 3/17/2022 2:36 PM
49 Asian 3/17/2022 2:33 PM
50 White + pacific islander 3/17/2022 2:31 PM
51 White 3/17/2022 2:21 PM
52 WHITE 3/17/2022 2:01 PM
53 Asian 3/17/2022 1:44 PM
54 Asian 3/17/2022 1:42 PM
55 White 3/17/2022 1:35 PM
56 Mexican 3/17/2022 1:33 PM
57 Asian 3/17/2022 1:24 PM
58 white 3/17/2022 1:14 PM
59 white 3/17/2022 1:12 PM
60 Latina 3/17/2022 12:48 PM
61 mixed 3/17/2022 12:48 PM
62 African American 3/17/2022 12:46 PM
63 white 3/17/2022 12:42 PM
64 N/a 3/17/2022 12:41 PM
65 Multi racial 3/17/2022 12:35 PM
66 Asian 3/17/2022 12:34 PM
67 Asian 3/17/2022 12:33 PM
68 East Indian 3/17/2022 12:32 PM
69 African American 3/17/2022 12:26 PM
70 caucasian 3/17/2022 12:25 PM
71 African-American 3/17/2022 12:22 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 803 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
25 / 45
72 Filipino 3/17/2022 12:21 PM
73 Asian 3/17/2022 12:17 PM
74 asian 3/17/2022 12:16 PM
75 Caucasian 3/17/2022 12:12 PM
76 AA 3/17/2022 12:10 PM
77 Hispanic 3/17/2022 12:09 PM
78 Caucasian 3/17/2022 12:07 PM
79 Mexican 3/17/2022 10:53 AM
80 Korean American 3/17/2022 7:42 AM
81 Asian 3/17/2022 12:20 AM
82 Mexican 3/16/2022 11:29 PM
83 Mexican/ white 3/16/2022 6:37 PM
84 Chinese 3/16/2022 5:41 PM
85 Human 3/16/2022 12:47 PM
86 american mexican 3/16/2022 12:00 PM
87 humanoid 3/16/2022 11:23 AM
88 Asian 3/16/2022 11:06 AM
89 Asian 3/16/2022 8:45 AM
90 Asian Pacific Islander 3/16/2022 7:15 AM
91 Filipino 3/16/2022 6:48 AM
92 Hispanic/Latino 3/16/2022 5:19 AM
93 N/A 3/16/2022 1:48 AM
94 Filipino 3/15/2022 11:22 PM
95 Asian 3/15/2022 10:52 PM
96 Latino 3/15/2022 10:47 PM
97 Asian 3/15/2022 10:34 PM
98 Asian 3/15/2022 9:57 PM
99 Asian 3/15/2022 9:53 PM
100 Asian 3/15/2022 9:52 PM
101 Asian indian 3/15/2022 9:05 PM
102 White 3/15/2022 8:41 PM
103 Asian 3/15/2022 8:39 PM
104 White 3/15/2022 8:30 PM
105 Hispanic 3/15/2022 8:02 PM
106 White 3/15/2022 7:54 PM
107 Asian 3/15/2022 7:44 PM
108 Asian 3/15/2022 7:21 PM
109 Mexican American 3/15/2022 7:18 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 804 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
26 / 45
110 Asian 3/15/2022 7:17 PM
111 Asian Indian 3/15/2022 6:36 PM
112 Cauc. 3/15/2022 6:10 PM
113 Avian 3/15/2022 5:47 PM
114 Asian 3/15/2022 5:32 PM
115 white 3/15/2022 4:55 PM
116 White 3/15/2022 4:35 PM
117 Portuguese, Maltese, Spanish, Italian, German 3/15/2022 4:31 PM 118 White 3/15/2022 4:07 PM
119 White 3/15/2022 4:07 PM
120 AI 3/15/2022 4:05 PM
121 N/a 3/15/2022 3:43 PM
122 Hispanic 3/15/2022 3:41 PM
123 dts 3/15/2022 3:27 PM
124 Hispanic 3/15/2022 3:26 PM
125 Asian 3/15/2022 3:18 PM
126 Asian 3/15/2022 3:00 PM
127 Asian 3/15/2022 2:48 PM
128 Hispanic 3/15/2022 2:41 PM
129 Asian American 3/15/2022 2:39 PM
130 Asian pacific islander 3/15/2022 2:26 PM
131 asian 3/15/2022 2:24 PM
132 Asian 3/15/2022 2:17 PM
133 Human 3/15/2022 2:17 PM
134 Filipino Vietnamese 3/15/2022 2:13 PM
135 Latino 3/15/2022 2:10 PM
136 Indian 3/15/2022 2:07 PM
137 Black 3/15/2022 2:03 PM
138 asian 3/15/2022 1:53 PM
139 Human 3/15/2022 1:37 PM
140 white 3/15/2022 1:34 PM
141 African American 3/15/2022 1:34 PM
142 Filipino 3/15/2022 1:32 PM
143 Mixed 3/15/2022 1:26 PM
144 African American 3/15/2022 1:25 PM
145 Latina 3/15/2022 1:21 PM
146 Filipino 3/15/2022 1:17 PM
147 Caucasian 3/15/2022 1:16 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 805 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
27 / 45
148 Filipino 3/15/2022 1:07 PM
149 Filipino 3/15/2022 1:06 PM
150 Asian Indian 3/15/2022 1:05 PM
151 Latino 3/15/2022 1:05 PM
152 filipino american 3/15/2022 1:05 PM
153 white / filipino but looks mexican 3/15/2022 1:00 PM 154 no answer 3/15/2022 12:59 PM
155 European-American (White) 3/15/2022 12:57 PM
156 Asian 3/15/2022 12:55 PM
157 Filipino 3/15/2022 12:52 PM
158 Person 3/15/2022 12:48 PM
159 White 3/15/2022 12:42 PM
160 asian 3/15/2022 12:41 PM
161 Asian Indian 3/15/2022 12:39 PM
162 Asian (Indian) 3/15/2022 12:38 PM
163 Caucasian 3/15/2022 12:38 PM
164 Black 3/15/2022 12:34 PM
165 South asian 3/15/2022 12:33 PM
166 Latino 3/15/2022 12:33 PM
167 White and Black 3/15/2022 12:33 PM
168 Filipino 3/15/2022 12:29 PM
169 Asian 3/15/2022 12:28 PM
170 Human/Black 3/15/2022 12:28 PM
171 Caucasian 3/15/2022 12:26 PM
172 Filipino 3/15/2022 12:25 PM
173 Mexican 3/15/2022 12:22 PM
174 Native American/Latin 3/15/2022 12:22 PM
175 Filipino 3/15/2022 12:17 PM
176 Latina 3/15/2022 12:16 PM
177 not applicable - 3/15/2022 12:14 PM
178 Hispanic 3/15/2022 12:11 PM
179 Asian 3/15/2022 12:11 PM
180 East Asian 3/15/2022 12:10 PM
181 Asian 3/15/2022 12:09 PM
182 filipino 3/15/2022 12:08 PM
183 Caucasian 3/15/2022 12:08 PM
184 White 3/15/2022 12:06 PM
185 white 3/14/2022 6:52 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 806 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
28 / 45
186 Asian 3/14/2022 4:58 PM
187 Other 3/14/2022 10:33 AM
188 white 3/14/2022 7:30 AM
189 Asian 3/12/2022 9:29 PM
190 Hwite 3/12/2022 5:15 PM
191 Rather not answer 3/12/2022 3:12 PM
192 White 3/12/2022 12:16 PM
193 Asian Indian 3/11/2022 10:28 PM
194 Old white guy 3/11/2022 1:53 PM
195 Latino 3/11/2022 10:21 AM
196 White 3/11/2022 9:47 AM
197 White 3/11/2022 9:17 AM
198 Asian 3/11/2022 8:55 AM
199 African American 3/11/2022 7:25 AM
200 Asian 3/10/2022 9:15 PM
201 n/a 3/10/2022 8:39 PM
202 Black 3/10/2022 8:23 PM
203 Asian 3/10/2022 7:25 PM
204 Asian 3/10/2022 5:19 PM
205 Mexican American 3/10/2022 3:19 PM
206 na 3/10/2022 2:41 PM
207 Filipino 3/10/2022 2:11 PM
208 Mexican 3/10/2022 1:54 PM
209 Indian Asian 3/10/2022 1:30 PM
210 Asian 3/10/2022 1:24 PM
211 Filipino 3/10/2022 1:05 PM
212 Mexican-American 3/10/2022 12:06 PM
213 Asian 3/10/2022 11:23 AM
214 White 3/10/2022 10:44 AM
215 Latina 3/10/2022 10:17 AM
216 White 3/10/2022 9:51 AM
217 Latino 3/10/2022 9:33 AM
218 African American 3/10/2022 9:14 AM
219 Caucasian 3/10/2022 8:38 AM
220 White 3/10/2022 8:36 AM
221 Asian 3/10/2022 7:37 AM
222 White 3/10/2022 7:24 AM
223 caucasian 3/10/2022 7:08 AM
City Council/RSA Agenda 807 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
29 / 45
224 Asian 3/10/2022 6:36 AM
225 Caucasion 3/10/2022 6:08 AM
226 Asian Filipino 3/10/2022 12:32 AM
227 White 3/10/2022 12:02 AM
228 Asian 3/9/2022 11:30 PM
229 Asian 3/9/2022 11:28 PM
230 White 3/9/2022 10:53 PM
231 Caucasian 3/9/2022 10:33 PM
232 American 3/9/2022 10:26 PM
233 Mexican white Native American 3/9/2022 9:49 PM
234 Asian 3/9/2022 9:42 PM
235 Asian-FILIPINO 3/9/2022 9:38 PM
236 Asian 3/9/2022 9:38 PM
237 Asian 3/9/2022 9:29 PM
238 Polynesian 3/9/2022 9:15 PM
239 White 3/9/2022 9:02 PM
240 Asian 3/9/2022 9:00 PM
241 Hispanic 3/9/2022 8:51 PM
242 Marathoner 3/9/2022 8:43 PM
243 Hispanic 3/9/2022 8:39 PM
244 Hispanic 3/9/2022 8:37 PM
245 Asian 3/9/2022 8:19 PM
246 Asian 3/9/2022 8:00 PM
247 Asian 3/9/2022 7:59 PM
248 Mexican 3/9/2022 7:58 PM
249 White 3/9/2022 7:41 PM
250 Caucasian 3/9/2022 7:21 PM
251 Chinese 3/9/2022 7:05 PM
252 White 3/9/2022 7:04 PM
253 White 3/9/2022 7:02 PM
254 Filipino 3/9/2022 6:59 PM
255 Human 3/9/2022 6:54 PM
256 Portuguese 3/9/2022 6:54 PM
257 white 3/9/2022 6:49 PM
258 White 3/9/2022 6:47 PM
259 Black 3/9/2022 6:40 PM
260 Human Race 3/9/2022 6:38 PM
261 Hispanic 3/9/2022 6:28 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 808 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
30 / 45
262 Asian 3/9/2022 6:16 PM
263 Native American/ Hispanic 3/9/2022 6:10 PM
264 Filipino 3/9/2022 6:07 PM
265 Latino 3/9/2022 6:04 PM
266 Hispanic 3/9/2022 5:59 PM
267 Caucasian 3/9/2022 5:57 PM
268 asian 3/9/2022 5:52 PM
269 Asian 3/9/2022 5:45 PM
270 caucasian 3/9/2022 5:42 PM
271 Filipino 3/9/2022 5:42 PM
272 White 3/9/2022 5:41 PM
273 Asian 3/9/2022 5:41 PM
274 Hispanic 3/9/2022 5:40 PM
275 Filipino 3/9/2022 5:37 PM
276 Caucasian 3/9/2022 5:37 PM
277 Hispanic 3/9/2022 5:31 PM
278 Asian 3/9/2022 5:29 PM
279 Multi-ethinicity 3/9/2022 5:28 PM
280 Hispanic 3/9/2022 5:27 PM
281 Tongan 3/9/2022 5:27 PM
282 Chicana/Latina 3/9/2022 5:27 PM
283 n/a 3/8/2022 4:12 PM
284 White/ Iranian 3/6/2022 9:59 PM
285 filipino 3/3/2022 1:07 PM
286 White/Latino 3/2/2022 9:19 AM
287 Hispanic 3/1/2022 4:11 AM
288 Filipino 2/28/2022 1:36 PM
289 Chinese 2/28/2022 11:38 AM
290 Chicana 2/28/2022 12:57 AM
291 White 2/27/2022 5:26 PM
292 Hispanic 2/27/2022 1:38 PM
293 Asian 2/26/2022 2:09 PM
294 asian 2/26/2022 10:37 AM
295 White 2/26/2022 10:13 AM
296 Mixed Asian and white 2/26/2022 9:57 AM
297 Mexican 2/26/2022 8:15 AM
298 Hispanic 2/26/2022 5:18 AM
299 Hispanic 2/26/2022 2:56 AM
City Council/RSA Agenda 809 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
31 / 45
300 Hispanic 2/26/2022 2:04 AM
301 Hispanic 2/26/2022 1:21 AM
302 Filipino 2/25/2022 9:06 PM
303 Puerto Rican/Mexican 2/25/2022 8:48 PM
304 Hispanic 2/25/2022 8:45 PM
305 Chinese 2/25/2022 8:02 PM
306 Mexican 2/25/2022 6:01 PM
307 race should is not a factor 2/25/2022 6:00 PM
308 Asian 2/25/2022 4:36 PM
309 White 2/25/2022 4:27 PM
310 native american 2/25/2022 4:12 PM
311 Latin 2/25/2022 4:10 PM
312 Hispanic 2/25/2022 3:59 PM
313 Latina/Chicana 2/25/2022 3:31 PM
314 White 2/25/2022 3:18 PM
315 White 2/25/2022 2:15 PM
316 Mixed 2/25/2022 2:03 PM
317 Filipino 2/25/2022 2:02 PM
318 Hispanic 2/25/2022 1:59 PM
319 Black 2/25/2022 1:48 PM
320 No available 2/25/2022 1:40 PM
321 south asian 2/25/2022 1:39 PM
322 Asian 2/25/2022 1:36 PM
323 Hispanic 2/25/2022 1:35 PM
324 white 2/25/2022 1:31 PM
325 Chinese/white 2/25/2022 1:30 PM
326 White 2/25/2022 1:25 PM
327 Asian 2/25/2022 1:25 PM
328 Pacific Islander 2/25/2022 1:23 PM
329 chinese 2/25/2022 1:17 PM
330 Do not wish to disclose 2/25/2022 1:09 PM
331 Asian 2/25/2022 1:09 PM
332 White 2/25/2022 1:09 PM
333 Latino 2/25/2022 12:59 PM
334 Asian 2/25/2022 12:58 PM
335 Latina 2/24/2022 9:21 PM
336 Asian 2/22/2022 11:54 AM
337 White 2/18/2022 4:12 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 810 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
32 / 45
338 American 2/15/2022 3:38 PM
339 Asian Indian 2/14/2022 8:12 PM
340 Asian 2/12/2022 9:10 AM
341 Asian-American 2/11/2022 11:17 AM
342 White 2/11/2022 10:07 AM
343 Human 2/10/2022 11:34 PM
344 Mixed 2/10/2022 5:35 PM
345 Hispanic 2/10/2022 10:19 AM
346 Chinese 2/9/2022 11:35 PM
347 Latino 2/9/2022 11:32 PM
348 Hispanic 2/9/2022 8:43 PM
349 Afro latino 2/9/2022 8:38 PM
350 Asian 2/9/2022 8:37 PM
351 White, non-Hispanic 2/9/2022 8:16 PM
352 Asian 2/9/2022 7:31 PM
353 N/A 2/9/2022 6:54 PM
354 Japanese and White 2/9/2022 1:44 PM
355 white 2/9/2022 1:14 PM
356 Chinese American 2/9/2022 1:12 PM
357 Hispanic 2/9/2022 10:55 AM
358 White 2/9/2022 10:40 AM
359 Filipino 2/9/2022 9:50 AM
360 Native American 2/9/2022 9:46 AM
361 white 2/9/2022 9:39 AM
362 Asian 2/9/2022 9:18 AM
363 Asian 2/9/2022 8:43 AM
364 white 2/9/2022 8:13 AM
365 Asian 2/9/2022 4:18 AM
366 Asian/ indian 2/8/2022 11:51 PM
367 Asian 2/8/2022 10:31 PM
368 mixed 2/8/2022 10:22 PM
369 Latina 2/8/2022 10:14 PM
370 Asian 2/8/2022 9:42 PM
371 Asian Filipino 2/8/2022 8:46 PM
372 Hispanic 2/8/2022 8:44 PM
373 White 2/8/2022 8:30 PM
374 Samoan 2/8/2022 8:03 PM
375 Polynesian 2/8/2022 8:03 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 811 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
33 / 45
376 Hispanic 2/8/2022 7:49 PM
377 African 2/8/2022 7:30 PM
378 American 2/8/2022 6:57 PM
379 White 2/8/2022 6:13 PM
380 Asian 2/8/2022 5:35 PM
381 Asian-Indian 2/8/2022 5:32 PM
382 Latina 2/8/2022 5:11 PM
383 Hispanic 2/8/2022 5:04 PM
384 Native American 2/8/2022 5:03 PM
385 Mexican/Filipino 2/8/2022 5:00 PM
386 Caucasian 2/8/2022 4:57 PM
387 caucasian 2/8/2022 4:57 PM
388 caucasian 2/8/2022 4:52 PM
389 White 2/8/2022 4:51 PM
390 Asian 2/8/2022 4:51 PM
391 African American 2/8/2022 4:49 PM
392 n/a 2/8/2022 4:46 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 812 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
34 / 45

24.13% 104

65.43% 282

10.44% 45
Q15 Are you of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin?
Answered: 431 Skipped: 20
TOTAL 431
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Yes
No
Prefer not to
Answer

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Yes
No
Prefer not to Answer
City Council/RSA Agenda 813 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
35 / 45

0.23% 1

0.93% 4

9.26% 40

38.66% 167

30.09% 130

20.83% 90
Q16 What is your age?
Answered: 432 Skipped: 19
TOTAL 432
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Under 18
18 - 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 and above

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Under 18
18 - 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 and above
City Council/RSA Agenda 814 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
36 / 45
Q17 Do you have any additional housing related comments that are not listed above and should be considered in the Housing Element update process?
Answered: 236 Skipped: 215
# RESPONSES DATE
1 No 3/29/2022 12:38 PM
2 Union City needs housing for the mentally ill and homeless 3/28/2022 3:55 PM 3 Have existing rentals affordable. Stop withholding available Housing from being rented Giving the false impression that’s there isn’t enough housing available. 3/27/2022 5:35 PM
4 Put together a list of local businesses that are good for Union City residents to use to update their homes. Home repair businesses that don't rip off home owners 3/27/2022 12:57 PM
5 Affordable housing for senior 3/27/2022 11:27 AM
6 No 3/25/2022 5:46 AM
7 No 3/24/2022 11:02 AM
8 None 3/22/2022 8:48 AM
9 No 3/20/2022 7:29 PM
10 Housing for displaced is not just housing structures but also those wrap-around services, like waste management, security, and youth services, that make our community safe and clean. 3/20/2022 3:54 PM
11 better use of land for housing, and factor in traffic 3/19/2022 4:29 PM 12 Union City is already over built and over crowded. Traffic is terrible. You can't even drive on main streets because of congestion. I have lived here since 1969 and have considered moving because of the congestion. I love Union City and would hate to move. I've been a Realtor for 30 years. I know the area's and still chose to live in Union City because of its beauty, small town feel and open spaces or should I say, what is left of it. Don't build more homes. 3/19/2022 10:14 AM
13 Seniors with low income should have better acess & given priority to Affordable Housing , Right now Emergency should keep extending as Too many Seniors with low income can NOT afford to pay existing rent due to Infation etc. inspite of State's Help. Thanks 3/18/2022 4:56 PM
14 No 3/18/2022 3:08 PM
15 The Union City government should have programs that would assist first time home buyers who can't afford the Fair market value of homes in the Bay Area 3/18/2022 9:55 AM
16 Neighborhood preservation teams to help support the aesthetics of neighborhoods, manage minor property complaints and support City Ordinances
3/18/2022 9:46 AM
17 None 3/18/2022 4:22 AM
18 no 3/18/2022 12:04 AM
19 Please work on rent control. I can't believe our city doesn't have it! Also, affordable SFHs under 1 million, esp for teachers!
3/18/2022 12:01 AM
20 I see a lot of new housing going up in Fremont/Newark but almost none when I'm in Union City.

With the city always struggling with finances, I would think encouraging new housing would be a top priority to grow our community.
3/17/2022 11:09 PM
21 Cost of living is extremely high. I have lived all of my life here, my kids were born here, this is my city, but I feel people from other areas are displacing locals. Affordable housing should be available for union city residents first.
3/17/2022 11:05 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 815 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
37 / 45
22 Assistance for first time home buyer 3/17/2022 8:38 PM 23 None 3/17/2022 6:22 PM
24 No 3/17/2022 6:00 PM
25 NA 3/17/2022 5:36 PM
26 No 3/17/2022 4:08 PM
27 It would be nice if the City could promote a sense of community and communication between the Nidus Court residents (and maybe other housing program residents) and the senior center. 3/17/2022 3:43 PM
28 Please consider more housing opportunities for families with middle incomes, ones who may not qualify for "affordable" low income housing, yet cannot afford to purchase at the current market rate.
3/17/2022 3:38 PM
29 I think the overall pricing for housing is skyrocketing. But it's not limited to Union City. I've been here almost all of my life and I do not prefer the multi unit housing. I like single family homes with a yard and a garage.
3/17/2022 3:11 PM
30 N/A 3/17/2022 2:33 PM
31 Several squatters moved in to our neighborhood. Several fires, fireworks, and side shows 3/17/2022 2:31 PM 32 Prioritize more affordable housing 3/17/2022 2:21 PM 33 No 3/17/2022 1:44 PM
34 No More building in Union City!!! 3/17/2022 1:35 PM
35 House rentals- survey-ensure that there is enough parking offered- all streets are now overcrowded
3/17/2022 1:32 PM
36 Please improve schooling. 3/17/2022 1:24 PM
37 None 3/17/2022 1:10 PM
38 Make rent affordable. Single women w/children should come as a priority. Residents within UC should have first priority
3/17/2022 12:48 PM
39 Please consider a way to limit or eliminate the possibility of corporate buyers (like Blackrock, for instance) from competing for single family homes. Large scale corporate ownership can kill the American Dream for average families.
3/17/2022 12:48 PM
40 I suggest establishment of higher competitive real estate sales tax. 3/17/2022 12:46 PM 41 If we plan more housing, we need to consider infrastructure at same time. A highway through town does not answer that.
3/17/2022 12:41 PM
42 I know there are limited areas available for development in union city, however what is preventing development in an empty lot on Whipple near US Steel? 3/17/2022 12:35 PM
43 no 3/17/2022 12:25 PM
44 No 3/17/2022 12:21 PM
45 In order to retain highly quality City and School employees, the City needs to provide affordable housing so they can work and live in the city they serve. 3/17/2022 12:20 PM
46 please create affordable housing for low income in union city 3/17/2022 12:17 PM 47 Need an affordable single family home with a yard, garage and off the street. 3/17/2022 12:10 PM 48 Keeping prop 13 for the home owners!!!!! 3/16/2022 6:37 PM 49 We need affordable housing more than we need low income housing so that families can stay together.
3/16/2022 1:21 PM
50 rent control is necessary; even considering the pandemic years getting 9% increase is just horrid.
3/16/2022 12:55 PM
51 Remember those who already live here. Quality of life 3/16/2022 12:47 PM City Council/RSA Agenda 816 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
38 / 45
52 more family housing thats affordable 3/16/2022 12:00 PM 53 Stop building housing in all California. There is not enough water for everybody. Otherwise, start building centrals were you can purify sea water.
3/16/2022 11:23 AM
54 A lot of realtors taking advantage of the forclosure by buying houses for cheaper and selling for higher price after and they’re driving house prices up for their own profits. 3/16/2022 10:32 AM
55 None 3/16/2022 6:48 AM
56 Overcrowding of residents renting out rooms there is never enough parking in the street. 3/16/2022 5:19 AM 57 It will be not stay in Union City. Hopefully the city can provide us the opportunity to own our house.
3/15/2022 11:22 PM
58 None 3/15/2022 10:52 PM
59 The city must do something to take care the garbage on the streets. Especially between Alvarado Blvd and Alvarado Niles (Dyer) other streets in Union City are clean, but this area is always full of garbage. The bus stops, the centers and all over. 3/15/2022 10:47 PM
60 None 3/15/2022 10:34 PM
61 I pay huge property tax bill but school in my area rate very poor. that leads to house value not increasing as much as Fremont. Improve schools so people would want to move to union city too.
3/15/2022 9:53 PM
62 We definitely need income based assistance for building maintenance like energy saving windows installation, solar panels to cut down unaffordable electric bills, sky high entertainment/ city/ regional taxes on a basic TV connection. It's getting unaffordable to live a simple life & not a penny goes to savings after paying all the bills 3/15/2022 9:05 PM
63 Why are the middle schools rated so poorly in relation to the high school and many elementary school?
3/15/2022 8:52 PM
64 More modern living communities to help alleviate high priced units 3/15/2022 8:39 PM 65 Keeping green space is important in housing areas 3/15/2022 8:30 PM 66 Your limit for low income should be for 1 adult and 1 child annual income of 60k and below.

Your chart is ridiculous and inaccurate to the current living conditions around the area. 3/15/2022 7:54 PM
67 Stop growth in the industrial industry & Increase open space walking trails ,parks that older non minors can enjoy.
3/15/2022 7:18 PM
68 No 3/15/2022 6:10 PM
69 We need to allow some houses which has large plots to build additional rooms for parents/inlaws3/15/2022 5:47 PM 70 No 3/15/2022 4:31 PM
71 Quit building along Mission. Think of the traffic impact from housing and take care of that also. 3/15/2022 4:07 PM 72 affordable housing needs to be realistic and affordable not overinflated 3/15/2022 3:27 PM 73 Property taxes are too high! How can the city attract young families with kids. It has become unaffordable. School district enrollment is suffering and will continue to decline because of this. How can a young working family afford to live here? 3/15/2022 2:41 PM
74 No 3/15/2022 2:39 PM
75 the city should provide a meaningful program of DPA not a band aid so that members of the community who have lived here for decades and volunteered can afford you live here. 3/15/2022 2:26 PM
76 i don’t live in union city but in neighboring city. UC was our top priority of places to buy home. unfortunately even if we can afford the monthly mortgage payment it’s the price of the house and the down payment required that we can’t afford.
3/15/2022 2:24 PM
77 City should inspect houses with more than 12 people living at which some are living in garages, with 6 cars parked outside.
3/15/2022 2:17 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 817 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
39 / 45
78 Pet approved housing 3/15/2022 2:13 PM
79 Housing is too expensive in Union City and its not worth the house that Is being bought. The houses are in the same condition as it was decades ago but are being sold at extremely hight prices. There is still gang issues that the police fails to address which doesn’t the housing price and I continue to get scammed by the street sweeping fees. 3/15/2022 2:10 PM
80 Very high utlilty bills (PGE, ACWD). Very high property taxes. 3/15/2022 2:07 PM 81 a lot of homeless/ tents on the streets of Union City 3/15/2022 1:53 PM 82 No 3/15/2022 1:37 PM
83 I have lived here for 46 years in the same house 3/15/2022 1:34 PM 84 Please consider building mixed income developments. Families in the median income bracket are priced out of the traditional housing market yet don’t have the income qualifications for low income housing. Our families deserve an opportunity to own a home that is affordable and fits our needs as well.
3/15/2022 1:34 PM
85 Make housing affordable and available so as to keep our budding talents locally or close by 3/15/2022 1:32 PM 86 No 3/15/2022 1:26 PM
87 More apartments should allow pets and not with a monthly pet rent. 3/15/2022 1:25 PM 88 Do not build anymore housing in Union City traffic is getting bad and too many people here now 3/15/2022 1:21 PM 89 There should be a tax or fee in place for investors because they have made it difficult for first time home buyers.
3/15/2022 1:17 PM
90 There should be an assisting program to help low income people to become secure renters and/or home owners. Real Estate agents are abusing the market conditions and making home ownership almost impossible for many.
3/15/2022 1:14 PM
91 getting permits to develop new housing is too cumbersome. paying more than $20k for permits is a major deterrent and there's only one city engineer to approve grading permits??? I can't get a grading permit because the one engineer is on vacation again?! please streamline the building permit approval process
3/15/2022 1:05 PM
92 UC should offer something like a habitat for humanity program; offer more down payment assistance.
3/15/2022 1:00 PM
93 Programs to need to be invested to help those in poverty trap 3/15/2022 12:55 PM 94 We do not have a housing problem, we have a too many people problem. 3/15/2022 12:48 PM 95 Traffic infrastructure, excessive cars for single family home, 3/15/2022 12:42 PM 96 Union City needs more non-rental (long term lease ok) mixed-income, accessible, high-density housing near public transportation and shopping
3/15/2022 12:41 PM
97 None 3/15/2022 12:39 PM
98 Do NOT take away farmlands or Bay Lands to build more housing. 3/15/2022 12:38 PM 99 There is a growing problem of homeless encampments that detract from the perceptions of the city by residents and visitors alike.
3/15/2022 12:38 PM
100 If new housing developments are being considered so should enlarged infrastructure be added.

The traffic is terrible already.
3/15/2022 12:33 PM
101 Housing needs to be more affordable for Teachers and single parents. It seems impossible to own a home in the community that I have grown up in and teach in. 3/15/2022 12:33 PM
102 Make it easy for existing home owners to make improvements in their home from permitting viewpoint. For example - it should be easier to upgrade a half bath to full bath or a spare garage (3rd garage) into a habitable space or make full use of their backyard 3/15/2022 12:29 PM
103 Please find a lot or street for people living in their cars. It’s too dirty having their trash and human waste left in the streets.
3/15/2022 12:26 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 818 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
40 / 45
104 We had to pay over $4000 to the school district before we could get a bldg permit to add on a mother n law unit (done having kids a long time ago)
3/15/2022 12:22 PM
105 the city of union city should offer Below market rate housing and or lottery of new developments
3/15/2022 12:17 PM
106 Yes, keep our beautiful hills from housing construction. 3/15/2022 12:16 PM 107 open space and parks and afterschool programs 3/15/2022 12:14 PM 108 Traffic is significant on Alvarado Niles Blvd. and on Dyer. We shouldn’t add residents until all of the road improvements are completed. It shouldn’t take 35+ minutes to get across town. 3/15/2022 12:14 PM
109 This survey does not include or asks appropriate questions to home owners like me (owner but renting the home to a family).
3/15/2022 12:11 PM
110 Need to be more focused on cleaning up the city and growing green spaces 3/15/2022 12:10 PM 111 NA 3/15/2022 12:09 PM
112 none 3/15/2022 12:08 PM
113 Programs for EV and removing gas lawn mower incentive’s 3/14/2022 4:58 PM 114 Disability 3/14/2022 10:33 AM
115 Parking needs to be available for any future housing so that it does not impact local residents.

Limit condominiums/apartments in residential areas.
3/13/2022 9:45 PM
116 Leave open spaces in Union City. I am not in favor of Overdevelopment as the traffic on the side streets such as Mission Blvd, Dyer and Union City Blvd is getting worse! 3/13/2022 6:36 PM
117 No 3/12/2022 5:15 PM
118 Protect small landlords from abusing tenants who take advantage of tenants protection ordiances. It's a pain for landlords in Union City.
3/12/2022 3:12 PM
119 There are too many multi-family dwellings being built in Alameda County causing major delays in traffic as well as wear & tear on the roads! Where is the money from our gas tax going? It sure isn’t fixing potholes!
3/12/2022 12:16 PM
120 I am not sure what is the plan for parking, etc. when people build ADUs 3/11/2022 10:28 PM 121 No stairs 3/11/2022 9:47 AM
122 None 3/11/2022 9:17 AM
123 Not at this time 3/11/2022 8:55 AM
124 No Comment 3/11/2022 7:25 AM
125 Na 3/10/2022 9:15 PM
126 There should be programs to promote the beauty of Union City...keep Union City green as it was once a really thriving farming community ...promote the planting of trees. 3/10/2022 8:39 PM
127 There are too many condos 3/10/2022 7:37 PM
128 More Affordable Housing has to be Built like Fremont , only planning, Data Collection will not help in long way ! " In tricity & East Bay Union City is Way behind in Affordable Housing !!" 3/10/2022 5:19 PM
129 be the city that changes the ways buying and selling works, not promoting the highest selling homes on the market like many realtors flaunt. instead of building more homes for the rich build more home for the working poor so we can have a chance to make our lives better too 3/10/2022 2:41 PM
130 No 3/10/2022 1:54 PM
131 No 3/10/2022 10:44 AM
132 I would LOVE to stay in Union City. I've lived here all my life. I now can't afford to buy a house in the city I grew up, work in and lived in my whole life. It's sad. There should be more programs promoted that help those of us who want to buy a home. I may not qualify for low 3/10/2022 10:17 AM
City Council/RSA Agenda 819 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
41 / 45
income since my husband and I work, but I want to be able to get help to navigate the process for a first time buyer. I don't want to leave UC!
133 Efforts to support accessibility to housing for ALL Union City residents, regardless of race, religion, etc. can help to maintain the diversity of the city. 3/10/2022 9:14 AM
134 The infrastructure can't handle this flood of people living in Single Family zoned residences.

Too many cars, etc. etc.
3/10/2022 7:08 AM
135 When we plan and develop more housing projects, we need to consider the effects of climate change, like sea level rising. Part of our city has already in flood zone if sea level rises to certain levels. We must plan ahead to protect the people and properties. 3/10/2022 6:36 AM
136 Continue the program for new affordable housing, rent control and down payment assistance for new home buyers.
3/10/2022 12:32 AM
137 N/A 3/10/2022 12:02 AM
138 No 3/9/2022 11:30 PM
139 I heard most of the new home Union City plans to build are high price apartments?! If that is the case, why bother to build that many? Inflation nowadays are horrible, it is hard to maintain a quality life. Instead of building expensive high-rise apartments, I would rather Union City preserves more nature. So at least, although cannot afford my own place, I can still have some good scenary to enjoy while living in Union City.
3/9/2022 11:28 PM
140 There is adequate housing in Union City. Keeping open spaces or prioritizing making more parks would be more beneficial.
3/9/2022 10:33 PM
141 Make housing permit process easier so it’s less costly to build 3/9/2022 9:38 PM 142 No 3/9/2022 9:15 PM
143 Programs should be fair to both tenants and landlords. Not all landlords are the same. 3/9/2022 9:00 PM 144 Not at this time. 3/9/2022 8:51 PM
145 Termite infestation 3/9/2022 8:43 PM
146 Affordable housing for young couples wanting to buy a home, townhouse or condominium 3/9/2022 8:25 PM 147 No 3/9/2022 8:19 PM
148 Give priority for affordable house development 3/9/2022 8:00 PM 149 Improve neighborhood safety. Looking to move out of Union City because it doesn’t feel safe any longer.
3/9/2022 7:21 PM
150 Start to see many homeless people in the city. 3/9/2022 7:05 PM 151 Need more housing for individuals with developmental disabilities 3/9/2022 7:04 PM 152 I believe Union city is a great place to live . But the taxes here are very high and residents never get a rebate back ever something that’s says thanks for living here and staying in Union city. .
3/9/2022 7:02 PM
153 Help for homeless 3/9/2022 6:54 PM
154 No 3/9/2022 6:49 PM
155 Consider college grads who are well educated, but have student loans ahead of down payments.
3/9/2022 6:47 PM
156 Homelessness is a delicate subject, but I don't want to see tent cities appearing in Union City.

Nor do I like the trash and litter they leave behind. Tax dollars clean it up, but there's not requirement for them to clean up behind themselves.....don't agree with that model. 3/9/2022 6:40 PM
157 Stop collect more fees, keep raising taxes to make Union City unaffordable. Government doesn’t have money to give to anyone without first taking more from middle class home owners. Phoenix property tax is roughly .62% Stop progressing into communism!! Government can NOT give housing to everyone!! Big fat Marxist lie!! 3/9/2022 6:38 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 820 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
42 / 45
158 Affordable housing especially for First Time Home Buyer 3/9/2022 6:16 PM 159 Life communities for seniors Like Stone Creek Pleasanton and Walnut Creek. 3/9/2022 6:10 PM 160 No 3/9/2022 6:04 PM
161 No 3/9/2022 5:59 PM
162 no 3/9/2022 5:45 PM
163 Housing and social programs for to eliminate homelessness. Healthcare, mental health, food, job and transportation assistance
3/9/2022 5:42 PM
164 More affordable housing for seniors with low income. 3/9/2022 5:42 PM 165 1. Schools should be good, specially elementary 2. Single level multi unit condo buildings with seniors facility
3/9/2022 5:41 PM
166 No 3/9/2022 5:40 PM
167 We need more housing. More entry-level housing, more housing for homeless and lowerincome individuals.3/9/2022 5:37 PM 168 Tax too high 3/9/2022 5:29 PM
169 Generational residents should be given priority for subsidized programs. 3/9/2022 5:27 PM 170 There is a very large privately owned property east of the Seven Hills neighborhood that should be developed with homes.
3/8/2022 4:12 PM
171 I would like to know new plans of houses. i like to see more land change to new houses and more grocery shops to be added in the city.
3/6/2022 9:59 PM
172 Landscaping in Decoto. So many trees have died or been cut down. We need the shade and the oxygen because of climate change.
3/2/2022 9:19 AM
173 Low credit score 3/1/2022 4:11 AM
174 Shorter wait time and more affordable housing for seniors. 2/28/2022 1:36 PM 175 No 2/27/2022 5:26 PM
176 No 2/27/2022 1:38 PM
177 More friendly regulations allowing more units to be built with less red tapes 2/26/2022 10:37 AM 178 Develop housing with amenities in mind, both business and parks/public spaces to build better community culture
2/26/2022 9:57 AM
179 No 2/26/2022 8:15 AM
180 Lack of parking because of residence renting rooms out, neighbors have at least 4 cars each household
2/26/2022 5:18 AM
181 More affordable housing is needed for all, including seniors. 2/26/2022 2:04 AM 182 Overly Crowded with Traffic Rents are Crazy High not Good 2/25/2022 8:48 PM 183 More assistance for seniors. Assistance for first time buyers single patents. 2/25/2022 8:45 PM 184 Want to hear the city's support to house its public school teachers. 2/25/2022 4:36 PM 185 Affordable housing needs to be a priority so our kids and grandkids don’t have to move away to be able to buy a home. The population who can afford to do so currently is not very diverse.

Should include N/A for questions like looking for housing in the last 10 years or discrimination. 2/25/2022 4:27 PM
186 No 2/25/2022 4:10 PM
187 Not at this very moment 2/25/2022 3:59 PM
188 Generational residents should be given priority for subsidized programs 2/25/2022 3:31 PM 189 Priority housing for families who 100% Union City families! I live in Union City and my children go to school in Union City. We’ve outgrown our apartment but can’t afford to go anywhere else 2/25/2022 1:48 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 821 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
43 / 45
.
190 Tenant is Discrimination 2/25/2022 1:40 PM
191 We should probably up-zone, but it should be accompanied by dedicating more open spaces (e.g., parks/playgrounds) near new developments.
2/25/2022 1:39 PM
192 no 2/25/2022 1:31 PM
193 Why not construct dormitory style housing for poor along BART corridor, or mobile home parks.

It makes little sense for each urban city to be treated as separate unit instead of putting Fremont, Newark, Union City together as one, especially because Union City has no high-rise developments [high rises reduce land cost per unit and are better usage of land than single family units].
2/25/2022 1:30 PM
194 Stop robbing the Average family to pay for your pet projects, Union City families are all hurting with the Massive energy Costs and inflation!!! YOU HAVE MADE THIS WORSE, NOW WE MUST STAY COLD IN THE WINTER, because you are adding Bogus taxes to energy and if your car breaks down to the rental of a car in Union City. 2/25/2022 1:22 PM
195 Concern about infrastructure support for increased population, ie. Traffic, water, utilities, etc. 2/25/2022 1:09 PM 196 We desperately need more housing in the Bay Area. We all need to sacrifice a bit to help solve this California-wide housing crisis. Converting unused business retail space into residential spaces supporting Townhomes, Multi-family residences, Apartment complexes, and so forth is one option. Helping home owners plan additions like Governor Newsom suggests is another good use of energy and resources. Lastly if we choose to be more drastic we may consider limiting investment home-buying/renting in our communities. We as current and future residents should not be competing with domestic/foreign investors and investment companies that will simply rent out properties at a huge profit.
2/25/2022 1:09 PM
197 Increase capacity. 2/25/2022 12:59 PM
198 no 2/22/2022 11:54 AM
199 There is insufficient housing supply relative to demand; the city should permit and support development and construction of more housing in general, especially denser developments near the BART station.
2/18/2022 4:12 PM
200 Need more affordable housing 2/15/2022 3:38 PM
201 How is UC prioritizing/facilitating production of new units? What are the concrete steps taken by city to fully embrace State Housing Bills such as SB9 and SB10? 2/11/2022 3:49 PM
202 Union City should allow to add/built additional rooms without increasing taxes. 2/11/2022 11:17 AM 203 Do not overturn historical resident democratically generated decisions to accommodate new construction. Consider a new committee of long term residents 40 + years when major decisions are pending, they have lived the city's growth and possess rare insights into what works or not.
2/10/2022 11:34 PM
204 Developments by public transit are a great idea that would increase property values and housing stock
2/10/2022 5:35 PM
205 Union City residents should be prioritized when buying or renting a home in the area. A lot of residents from other areas are displacing locals.
2/10/2022 10:19 AM
206 None 2/9/2022 11:32 PM
207 No 2/9/2022 8:38 PM
208 Affordable housing is critical to keeping Union City vibrant 2/9/2022 8:37 PM 209 The questions regarding looking for housing in the past 10 years should have another option:
“Have not sought housing in last 10 years.”
2/9/2022 8:16 PM
210 We need population growth which is a key driver to economic growth. We need to increase homeownership among Millennials and create conditions encouraging young families to move to UC to reverse the decline in school enrollment.
2/9/2022 7:31 PM
211 City should encourage the improvement of properties with landscaping and trees…promote a 2/9/2022 6:54 PM City Council/RSA Agenda 822 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
44 / 45
place of well being where you want to raise children in a safe clean community… everyone deserves this… it takes work by home owners & renters & the City. 212 permits. mobile homes require a lot more than standard homes. mobile homes are purchased by those that cannot buy standard homes.
2/9/2022 1:14 PM
213 No 2/9/2022 1:12 PM
214 When my parents wanted to add onto their house, the City Planner told them the would not be able to and said it had to do with a parking issue. My parents neighbor has 10 cars for a family of three, some of which are parked on the lawn - why is that okay and adding onto the house my parents own not allowed? Union City needs to stop using stupid reasons to deny home expansions. People are stuck living in overcrowded situations and I don't see the City doing anything about it. Stop punishing residents who are trying to do things the right way. Your residents are suffering, make life easier on them.
2/9/2022 10:55 AM
215 no 2/9/2022 10:40 AM
216 I would like to see additional single-family home development in addition to new schools 2/9/2022 9:46 AM 217 I see that our local cities do almost nothing to help with affordable housing. I know many cities charge builders fees to support affordable housing, but those fees end up supplementing rental credits or similar ideas. That's a very temporary fix. And no matter what our citizens say, I don't think you'll do anything to really help build affordable housing. I know it's not an easy problem to fix, but what's happening isn't helping. By the way, I'm a real estate agent and property manager, and in the past 30 years of my career, not much changes. It's been a topic since the 1980's.
2/9/2022 9:39 AM
218 Need more affordable housing for people making $200,000 & up. 2/9/2022 9:18 AM 219 Shorter wait time for affordable housing 2/9/2022 4:18 AM 220 We do not want see AB5 law being freely used on single family home areas in Union City, there should be a local ordinance to restrict tearing down of existing homes to build multi units on one dwelling. New developments could be used for new residents who want to move in. Our families invested their hard earned money to be a resident in UC for the last 30 years. We would like to preserve our union City heritage as well. This would make Union City a special city as it has been for us thus far.
2/8/2022 11:51 PM
221 it is shameful to live in a city that touts some of the highest home sale prices 2/8/2022 10:22 PM 222 There should be also amended criteria. My income fell short, but I had a hefty savings, Great credit score and felt worthy to purchase on my own without a cosigner 2/8/2022 8:03 PM
223 Young families cannot afford to live here. It would be helpful for middle class young families to have affordable homes with an option rent to own. Not enough options available. There should be a law about how much property owners and landlords can charge for rent. It’s ridiculous! 2/8/2022 8:03 PM
224 Many older homes are built on large lots. Promote affordable ways for these home owners to build ADU. Example, decrease building permits fees, provide assistance programs for construction of ADU, and/or tax deductions, etc.
2/8/2022 7:49 PM
225 Stop using the Agenda 21 for a housing guide. This is the way socialism uses as a way to control the people
2/8/2022 6:57 PM
226 Unaffordable, price has gone up so so much 2/8/2022 6:49 PM 227 Need community based housing for low income and homeless. 2/8/2022 6:13 PM 228 Housing is absolutely unaffordable even for mid income households. This creates instability, greater risk for gendered violence, and overall lack of wellbeing for huge swathes of people. 2/8/2022 5:11 PM
229 notification to residents of any proposed new housing and /or storage units & types with locations very early in the early approval & planning stages with allowance for resident input and voting by those existing residents most impacted by such housing strategies with incorporation of pre determined agreed solutions by both city and residents to offset any negative impacts of such.
2/8/2022 5:06 PM
230 Stop building houses. People need to spread across the state and stop the over population problem here.
2/8/2022 5:04 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 823 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City 2023-2031 Housing Element Update
45 / 45
231 The qualifications for assistance programs are too low. I make too much but can’t afford going rate. That doesn’t make sense.
2/8/2022 4:57 PM
232 More housing is needed but consider also that we should have the transportation infrastructure (such as more public transit) to support a growing population and higher density. Consider adding more parks and community spaces to accommodate the higher population, too. 2/8/2022 4:57 PM
233 Rent control discourages investors from owning rental property. Know an investor who sold multiple properties when rent control started in union city. 2/8/2022 4:55 PM
234 1) traffic patterns and parking issues caused by dense and/or poor planning in housing developments; 2) lack of public transportation & expectations that it will be used if provided (hint--it won't--Californians are too "married" to their cars)--so once again we see the importance of planning for parking spaces and roadways. This MUST be an integral part of every housing plan.
2/8/2022 4:52 PM
235 N/A 2/8/2022 4:49 PM
236 Consideration of affordable housing/ assistance for City and School District employees. 2/8/2022 4:46 PM City Council/RSA Agenda 824 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 825 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS Online Survey Results – Spanish
City Council/RSA Agenda 826 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 827 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 1 / 21

80.00% 4

20.00% 1
Q1 ¿Vive en Union City? (Escoja una opción)
Answered: 5 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 5
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sí
No

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Sí
No
City Council/RSA Agenda 828 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 2 / 21

0.00% 0

80.00% 4

20.00% 1

0.00% 0
Q2 ¿Actualmente alquila o es propietario de su vivienda? (Escoja una opción)
Answered: 5 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 5
# OTRO (POR FAVOR EXPLIQUE) DATE
There are no responses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Ninguna de las
opciones...

Alquilo
Soy propietario
Otro (por
favor explique)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Ninguna de las opciones mencionadas
Alquilo
Soy propietario
Otro (por favor explique)
City Council/RSA Agenda 829 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 3 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

66.67% 4

16.67% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

16.67% 1

0.00% 0
Q3 ¿Cuál describe mejor la situación de su hogar? (Escoja una opción) Answered: 6 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 6
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Una persona
que vive sola
Una pareja sin
hijos que vi...

Una pareja con
hijos
Monoparental
con...

Abuelo/Abuela/A
buelos a car...

Varias
generaciones...

Personas sin
lazos...

Varias
familias...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Una persona que vive sola
Una pareja sin hijos que vivan en la vivienda
Una pareja con hijos
Monoparental con hijo/hija/hijos
Abuelo/Abuela/Abuelos a cargo de la crianza de un nieto/nietos Varias generaciones (abuelos, padres de familia y nietos) Personas sin lazos familiares que comparten la vivienda Varias familias comparten la vivienda
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 830 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 4 / 21

33.33% 2

16.67% 1

0.00% 0

50.00% 3

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q4 ¿En qué tipo de vivienda vive? (Escoja una opción)
Answered: 6 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 6
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Vivienda
unifamiliar
Estructuras
dúplex/trípl...

Condominio o
casa adosada
Apartamento
Vivienda
accesoria...
f. Casa móvil
o casa...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Vivienda unifamiliar
Estructuras dúplex/tríplex/cuádruplex
Condominio o casa adosada
Apartamento
Vivienda accesoria (unidad para parientes, unidad secundaria, casas de huéspedes) f. Casa móvil o casa prefabricada
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 831 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 5 / 21

0.00% 0

50.00% 3

33.33% 2

0.00% 0

33.33% 2

0.00% 0

16.67% 1

0.00% 0
Q5 ¿Tiene o alguna vez ha tenido alguno de los siguientes problemas de vivienda? (Elija todos los que correspondan)
Answered: 6 Skipped: 0
Total Respondents: 6
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Ninguna de las
opciones...

Dificultades
para pagar e...

Insuficientes
fondos para...

Aumento
significativ...

Quiero mudarme
pero no pued...

Demasiadas
personas viv...

Hijo/a
adulto/a que...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Ninguna de las opciones mencionadas
Dificultades para pagar el alquiler o la hipoteca (por ejemplo, a veces paga tarde, deja de pagar otras cuentas para pagar el alquiler, deja de comprar alimentos o medicinas) Insuficientes fondos para hacer las reparaciones necesarias en el hogar Aumento significativo del alquiler
Quiero mudarme pero no puedo encontrar/pagar una casa que satisfaga mis necesidades y/o las de mi familia Demasiadas personas viven en la vivienda (hacinamiento) Hijo/a adulto/a que vive en casa porque no puede pagar una vivienda Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 832 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 6 / 21
Q6 ¿Cuál cree que es el problema de vivienda más importante que enfrentan los residentes de Union City? (Escoja hasta tres) Answered: 6 Skipped: 0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
No hay
suficientes...

No hay
suficientes...

Los alquileres
son demasiad...

Comprar una
casa es...

El tamaño de
las vivienda...

Las
condiciones ...

No puedo
mantener mi...

No hay
suficientes...

No hay
suficientes...

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 833 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 7 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

50.00% 3

33.33% 2

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

16.67% 1
Total Respondents: 6
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
1 Renta y compra de casa es demasiado caro 2/10/2022 9:48 PM

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
No hay suficientes propiedades en venta
No hay suficientes propiedades en alquiler
Los alquileres son demasiado altos
Comprar una casa es demasiado caro
El tamaño de las viviendas no satisface las necesidades de las familias Las condiciones de vivienda son malas
No puedo mantener mi casa como propietario porque es demasiado caro No hay suficientes viviendas para personas mayores o personas con discapacidades No hay suficientes albergues o servicios para personas desplazadas sin hogar Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 834 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 8 / 21

0.00% 0

50.00% 3

16.67% 1

0.00% 0

16.67% 1

66.67% 4

0.00% 0

16.67% 1

0.00% 0
Q7 ¿A qué estrategias cree que el municipio debería dar prioridad? (Escoja hasta tres)
Answered: 6 Skipped: 0
Total Respondents: 6
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Ninguna de las
opciones...

Brindar ayuda
a los...

Protecciones
para los...

Promover
unidades de...

Vivienda
accesible pa...

Apoyar el
desarrollo d...

Programas para
personas...

Programa de
reparaciones...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Ninguna de las opciones mencionadas
Brindar ayuda a los compradores con el pago inicial
Protecciones para los inquilinos
Promover unidades de vivienda accesorias (unidad para parientes, unidad secundaria, cabaña en el patio trasero) Vivienda accesible para personas mayores y personas con discapacidades Apoyar el desarrollo de viviendas asequibles
Programas para personas desplazadas que han perdido su hogar o están en riesgo de quedarse sin hogar Programa de reparaciones menores en las viviendas
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 835 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 9 / 21
There are no responses.

City Council/RSA Agenda 836 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 10 / 21

0.00% 0
100.00% 6

0.00% 0
Q8 ¿Ha sido usted o algún vecino desplazado de su hogar en los últimos cinco años?
Answered: 6 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 6
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sí
No
Quizás/No
estoy seguro

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Sí
No
Quizás/No estoy seguro
City Council/RSA Agenda 837 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 11 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q9 ¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones describe mejor la razón por la o algún vecino que fue desplazado?
Answered: 0 Skipped: 6
TOTAL 0
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.
! No matching responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
No aplica
El alquiler aumentó más de lo que podía pagar
El propietario vendió la casa
Vivía en condiciones inseguras
Razones personales
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 838 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 12 / 21

50.00% 3

50.00% 3

0.00% 0
Q10 Cuando buscó vivienda en Union City en los últimos 10 años, ¿alguna vez sintió que lo discriminaron?
Answered: 6 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 6
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sí
No
Quizás/No
estoy seguro

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Sí
No
Quizás/No estoy seguro
City Council/RSA Agenda 839 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 13 / 21
Q11 ¿Por qué cree que lo discriminaron? (Elija todas las opciones que correspondan)
Answered: 3 Skipped: 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
No aplica
Raza/
Etnicidad/...

Sexo/
Género/LGBTQ
Situación
económica/...

Edad
Situación
familiar/Ten...

Discapacidad
Historial
delictivo
Historial de
desalojo,...

Por estar
desplazado s...

Religión
Other:

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 840 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 14 / 21

0.00% 0

66.67% 2

0.00% 0

66.67% 2

0.00% 0

33.33% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Total Respondents: 3
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
No aplica
Raza/ Etnicidad/ Idioma
Sexo/ Género/LGBTQ
Situación económica/ Ingresos demasiado bajos
Edad
Situación familiar/Tener hijos
Discapacidad
Historial delictivo
Historial de desalojo, quiebra financiera, mal crédito
Por estar desplazado sin tener hogar
Religión
Other:

Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 841 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 15 / 21

50.00% 3

50.00% 3
Q12 Cuando buscó vivienda en Union City en los últimos 10 años, ¿alguna vez le negaron una vivienda en alquiler o en venta?
Answered: 6 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 6
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sí
No

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Sí
No
City Council/RSA Agenda 842 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 16 / 21
Q13 ¿Por qué le negaron la vivienda?
Answered: 3 Skipped: 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
No aplica
Ingresos
demasiado bajos
Mal crédito
Historial de
desalojo
Historial
delictivo
Falta de un
registro de...

Tamaño
familiar;...

Tengo un vale
(voucher) de...

Historial
laboral
Otro inquilino
estaba...

No lo sé/ No
estoy seguro...

Other:

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 843 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 17 / 21

0.00% 0

33.33% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

33.33% 1

33.33% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
TOTAL 3
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
No aplica
Ingresos demasiado bajos
Mal crédito
Historial de desalojo
Historial delictivo
Falta de un registro de vivienda estable
Tamaño familiar; demasiadas personas
Tengo un vale (voucher) de vivienda
Historial laboral
Otro inquilino estaba dispuesto pagar más
No lo sé/ No estoy seguro / No me dijeron por qué
Other:

Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 844 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 18 / 21
Q14 ¿Cuál es su raza? (Escribir)
Answered: 5 Skipped: 1
# RESPONSES DATE
1 Spanish 3/17/2022 4:05 PM
2 Ispano 3/16/2022 5:22 AM
3 Ispana 3/15/2022 7:33 PM
4 Hispano/latino 3/11/2022 3:25 PM
5 Blanco 2/10/2022 9:56 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 845 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 19 / 21
100.00% 5

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q15 ¿Es de origen hispano, latino o español?
Answered: 5 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 5
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sí
No
Prefiero no
responder

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Sí
No
Prefiero no responder
City Council/RSA Agenda 846 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 20 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

40.00% 2

60.00% 3

0.00% 0
Q16 ¿Cuáles su edad?
Answered: 5 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 5
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Menos de 18
18 - 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 o mayor

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Menos de 18
18 - 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 o mayor
City Council/RSA Agenda 847 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Actualización del Elemento de Vivienda de Union City 2023-2031 21 / 21
Q17 ¿Tiene algún comentario adicional sobre la problemática de la vivienda que no se haya mencionado en la lista anterior y que deba tomarse en cuenta en el proceso de actualización del Elemento de Vivienda?
Answered: 4 Skipped: 2
# RESPONSES DATE
1 None 3/17/2022 4:05 PM
2 Están muy caras las casas para poder comprar una casa y que tengan programas para poder ampliar la casa o permiso y no salga caro para ampliar la casa de enfrente 3/16/2022 5:22 AM
3 Si no tienes historial crediticio tampoco puedes rentar una casa. 3/11/2022 3:25 PM 4 En la pregunta 6 el cuestionario no detecta ninguna respuesta. Mi comentario sería que la renta de vivienda es muy cara y comprar casa es casi imposible por los precios tan altos. Las personas de fuera del área llegaron a Union City a desplazar a las personas que tenían o tienen aqui toda su vida. Los sueldos aqui no son lo suficientemente buenos como para poder pagar una renta y mucho menos para poder comprar casa. Debería de dársele prioridad para comprar y rentar a las personas que ya viven aquí. Los sueldos deberían de ser mejores y los precios de las casas deberían tener un control. Yo se que entre más alto el precio más impuestos recibe el gobierno, pero a las clase media y la clase baja nos están obligando a buscar vivienda en otro lugar, siendo que tenemos toda una vida aquí. 2/10/2022 9:56 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 848 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 849 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS Online Survey Results –
Mandarin
City Council/RSA Agenda 850 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 851 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
1 / 23

80.95% 17

19.05% 4
Q1 您是联合市的居民吗？（单选）
Answered: 21 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 21
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
是
否

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
是
否
City Council/RSA Agenda 852 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
2 / 23

28.57% 6

57.14% 12

14.29% 3
Q2 您目前是租房还是自有房产？（单选）
Answered: 21 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 21
# 其他（请指明） DATE
1 Live my family 3/17/2022 4:50 PM
2 住家人房子 2/26/2022 9:57 AM
3 Retirement Community 2/25/2022 1:03 PM
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
租房
自有房产
其他（请指明）

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
租房
自有房产
其他（请指明）
City Council/RSA Agenda 853 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
3 / 23
Q3 以下哪一项能最好地描述您的家庭？（单选）
Answered: 21 Skipped: 0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
以上都不是
一人独居
家中没有子女的伴侣
有子女的伴侣
有子女的单亲家长
抚养孙辈的祖父母
在一起（祖孙三辈）
缘关系的人住在一起
多个家庭住在一起
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 854 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
4 / 23

0.00% 0

4.76% 1

23.81% 5

33.33% 7

0.00% 0

4.76% 1

19.05% 4

9.52% 2

0.00% 0

4.76% 1
TOTAL 21
# 其他（解释） DATE
1 与母亲和姐姐一起居住 2/26/2022 9:57 AM

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
以上都不是
一人独居
家中没有子女的伴侣
有子女的伴侣
有子女的单亲家长
抚养孙辈的祖父母
多代人住在一起（祖孙三辈）
没有亲缘关系的人住在一起
多个家庭住在一起
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 855 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
5 / 23

42.86% 9

9.52% 2

23.81% 5

19.05% 4

0.00% 0

4.76% 1

0.00% 0
Q4 您住在什么类型的房子里？（单选）
Answered: 21 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 21
# 其他（解释） DATE
There are no responses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
独栋住宅
一栋两户/三户/四户
公寓
(Condominium...
公寓 (Apartment)
附属住宅单元（祖
/客房）
移动房屋或预制房屋
其他（解释）

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
独栋住宅
一栋两户/三户/四户
公寓 (Condominium) 或联排别墅
公寓 (Apartment)
附属住宅单元（祖母房/二级单元/客房）
移动房屋或预制房屋
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 856 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
6 / 23

4.76% 1

4.76% 1

28.57% 6

19.05% 4

38.10% 8

9.52% 2

9.52% 2

28.57% 6

0.00% 0
Q5 您是否曾经或正在面临以下任何住房问题？（选择所有适用项）
Answered: 21 Skipped: 0
Total Respondents: 21
# 其他（解释） DATE
There are no responses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
以上都不是
难以支付租金或抵
时迟交、为支付租
缺乏资金，难以进
修
租金大幅上涨
想搬家但找不到/无
和/或我家人需要的
住一间住宅（挤迫）
成年子女因无力负
里
以上都没有
其他（解释）

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
以上都不是
难以支付租金或抵押贷款（例如有时迟交、为支付租金而不缴纳其他账单、不购买食品或药品）
缺乏资金，难以进行必要的房屋维修
租金大幅上涨
想搬家但找不到/无力负担满足我和/或我家人需要的房子
太多人同住一间住宅（挤迫）
成年子女因无力负担住房而住在家里
以上都没有
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 857 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
City Council/RSA Agenda 858 Tuesday, May 23, 2023 7 / 23 联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
8 / 23
Q6 您认为联合市居民面临的最严重的住房问题是什么？（最多选择三项）
Answered: 21 Skipped: 0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
出售房屋不足
出租房屋不足
租金太高
买房太贵
面积不满足家庭需求
住房状况很差
维护住宅的费用太高
没有足够多供老年
住的住房选择
没有为无家可归者
护所或服务
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 859 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
9 / 23

33.33% 7

9.52% 2

23.81% 5

57.14% 12

4.76% 1

4.76% 1

28.57% 6

23.81% 5

0.00% 0

9.52% 2
Total Respondents: 21
# 其他（解释） DATE
1 稅太重 3/9/2022 8:17 PM
2 不清楚 2/25/2022 1:03 PM

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
出售房屋不足
出租房屋不足
租金太高
买房太贵
住房面积不满足家庭需求
住房状况很差
业主维护住宅的费用太高
没有足够多供老年人或残障人士居住的住房选择
没有为无家可归者提供足够多的庇护所或服务
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 860 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
10 / 23

0.00% 0

33.33% 7

4.76% 1

47.62% 10

28.57% 6

61.90% 13

0.00% 0

23.81% 5

9.52% 2
Q7 您认为本市应该优先进行哪些策略？（最多选择三项）
Answered: 21 Skipped: 0
Total Respondents: 21
# 其他（解释） DATE
1 rent control 3/17/2022 12:49 PM
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
以上都不是
买房者提供首付援助
租房者提供租客保护
推广附属住宅单元
二级单元、后院小
为老年人和残障人
房
支持开发平价住房
为无家可归者或面
的人提供各种计划
小型房屋修缮计划
其他（解释）

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
以上都不是
对买房者提供首付援助
对租房者提供租客保护
推广附属住宅单元（例如祖母房、二级单元、后院小屋）
为老年人和残障人士提供无障碍住房
支持开发平价住房
为无家可归者或面临无家可归风险的人提供各种计划
小型房屋修缮计划
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 861 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
11 / 23
2 不清楚 2/25/2022 1:03 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 862 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
12 / 23

0.00% 0

90.48% 19

9.52% 2
Q8 在过去五年中，您或邻居是否曾流离失所？
Answered: 21 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 21
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
是
否
不确定

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
是
否
不确定
City Council/RSA Agenda 863 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
13 / 23

0.00% 0

50.00% 1

0.00% 0

50.00% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q9 以下哪一项能最好地描述您流离失所的原因？
Answered: 2 Skipped: 19
TOTAL 2
# 其他（解释） DATE
There are no responses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
不适用
超出了我的支付能力
房东卖房
居住环境不安全
个人原因
其他（解释）

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
不适用
租金上涨，超出了我的支付能力
房东卖房
居住环境不安全
个人原因
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 864 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
14 / 23

4.76% 1

61.90% 13

33.33% 7
Q10 在过去十年中，您在联合市找房时是否觉得自己受到过歧视？
Answered: 21 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 21
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
是
否
也许/不确定

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
是
否
也许/不确定
City Council/RSA Agenda 865 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
15 / 23
Q11 您认为您为什么受到歧视？（选择所有适用项）
Answered: 7 Skipped: 14
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
不适用
种族/族裔/语言
性别/LGBTQ
收入状况/收入过低
年龄
家庭状况/有孩子
残障
犯罪记录
止赎、不良信用历史
无家可归
宗教
Other:
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 866 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
16 / 23

14.29% 1

71.43% 5

0.00% 0

42.86% 3

14.29% 1

14.29% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

14.29% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Total Respondents: 7
# 其他（解释） DATE
There are no responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
不适用
种族/族裔/语言
性别/LGBTQ
收入状况/收入过低
年龄
家庭状况/有孩子
残障
犯罪记录
驱逐、止赎、不良信用历史
无家可归
宗教
Other:
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 867 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
17 / 23

15.00% 3

85.00% 17
Q12 在过去十年中，您在联合市找房时是否曾租房或买房遭拒？
Answered: 20 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 20
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
是
否

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
是
否
City Council/RSA Agenda 868 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
18 / 23
Q13 您为什么被拒绝？
Answered: 3 Skipped: 18
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
不适用
收入太低
不良信用
驱逐历史
犯罪记录
缺乏稳定的住房记录
家庭规模；人太多
我有住房补助券
就业历史
户愿意支付更高租金
不确定/没有给出原因
Other:
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 869 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
19 / 23

0.00% 0
100.00% 3

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
TOTAL 3
# 其他（解释） DATE
There are no responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
不适用
收入太低
不良信用
驱逐历史
犯罪记录
缺乏稳定的住房记录
家庭规模；人太多
我有住房补助券
就业历史
其他租户愿意支付更高租金
未知/不确定/没有给出原因
Other:
其他（解释）
City Council/RSA Agenda 870 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
20 / 23
Q14 您的种族是？（请填空）
Answered: 19 Skipped: 2
# RESPONSES DATE
1 Asian 3/17/2022 8:14 PM
2 Asian 3/17/2022 4:51 PM
3 Asian 3/17/2022 3:06 PM
4 asian 3/17/2022 12:49 PM
5 Asian 3/16/2022 4:59 AM
6 Asian 3/16/2022 12:55 AM
7 亚裔 3/15/2022 2:41 PM
8 Asian 3/15/2022 1:07 PM
9 Asian 3/10/2022 7:12 PM
10 Chinese 3/10/2022 2:41 PM
11 Asian 3/9/2022 9:57 PM
12 亞裔 3/9/2022 8:18 PM
13 Asia 3/9/2022 6:24 PM
14 Chinese 3/9/2022 5:28 PM
15 亚裔 2/26/2022 9:58 AM
16 Asian 2/25/2022 7:19 PM
17 亞裔 2/25/2022 1:05 PM
18 亚裔 2/9/2022 5:24 PM
19 中國人 2/9/2022 8:54 AM
City Council/RSA Agenda 871 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
21 / 23

0.00% 0
100.00% 19

0.00% 0
Q15 您是否为西班牙裔、拉美裔或西班牙血统？
Answered: 19 Skipped: 2
TOTAL 19
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
是
否
保密

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
是
否
保密
City Council/RSA Agenda 872 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
22 / 23

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

10.53% 2

36.84% 7

31.58% 6

21.05% 4
Q16 您的年龄是？
Answered: 19 Skipped: 2
TOTAL 19
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
18岁以下
18 - 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 岁及以上

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
18岁以下
18 - 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 岁及以上
City Council/RSA Agenda 873 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
联合市 2023-2031 住房要素更新
23 / 23
Q17 您是否有关于住房的其他意见未在上文列出，且应在住房要素更新过
程中予以考虑？
Answered: 12 Skipped: 9
# RESPONSES DATE
1 暂时没有 3/17/2022 3:06 PM
2 None 3/16/2022 4:59 AM
3 no 3/15/2022 2:41 PM
4 N/A 3/15/2022 1:07 PM
5 I hope the future housing development will pick a site towards Union City west or less congested areas.
3/10/2022 7:12 PM
6 Can’t found a senior apartment 3/10/2022 2:41 PM
7 無 3/9/2022 8:18 PM
8 too much tax 3/9/2022 5:28 PM
9 否 2/26/2022 9:58 AM
10 No 2/25/2022 7:19 PM
11 無 2/25/2022 1:05 PM
12 沒有 2/9/2022 8:54 AM
City Council/RSA Agenda 874 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 875 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS Online Survey Results – Hindi
City Council/RSA Agenda 876 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 877 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
1 / 21

75.00% 3

25.00% 1
Q1 क्या आप यूनियन सिटी के निवासी हैं? (एक चुनें)
Answered: 4 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 4
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
हां
नहीं

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
हां
नहीं
City Council/RSA Agenda 878 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
2 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
100.00% 4
Q2 क्या इस समय आपका घर किराए का हैया अपना? (एक चुनें)
Answered: 4 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 4
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
阿巴夫的修女
किराए का
अपना

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
阿巴夫的修女
किराए का
अपना
City Council/RSA Agenda 879 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
3 / 21
Q3 इनमेंसेकौन सा आपके परिवार का सबसेअच्छा वर्णन करता है? (एक चुनें) Answered: 4 Skipped: 0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
None of the
above
अकेला रहने
वाला एक व्यक्ति
घर मेंबिना
संतान वाला...
बच्चे(बच्चों)
के साथ दंपति
बच्चे(बच्चों)
के साथ अकेला...
पोते-नाती की
परवरिश कर रह...
एक सेअधिक
पीढ़ियाँ...
किसी रिश्तेके
बगैर एक साथ ...
एक साथ रहने
वालेकई परिवार
Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 880 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
4 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

25.00% 1

25.00% 1

25.00% 1

0.00% 0

25.00% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
TOTAL 4
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
None of the above
अकेला रहनेवाला एक व्यक्ति
घर मेंबिना संतान वाला दंपति
बच्चे(बच्चों) के साथ दंपति
बच्चे(बच्चों) के साथ अकेला पिता या अकेली माँ
पोते-नाती की परवरिश कर रहेदादा-दादी/नाना-नानी
एक सेअधिक पीढ़ियाँ (दादा-दादी/नाना-नानी, माता-पिता और पोते-नातियां) किसी रिश्तेके बगैर एक साथ रह रहेव्यक्ति
एक साथ रहनेवालेकई परिवार
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 881 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
5 / 21
100.00% 4

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q4 आप किस तरह के आवास मेंरहतेहैं? (एक चुनें)
Answered: 4 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 4
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
एकल परिवार
वाला मकान
डुप्लेक्स/ट्रिप
्लेक्स/फोरप्...
कोंडोमिनियम या
टाउनहाउस
अपार्टमेंट
अतिरिक्त आवास
इकाइयाँ (ग्र...
मोबाइल मकान या
मैन्यूफैक्चर...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
एकल परिवार वाला मकान
डुप्लेक्स/ट्रिप्लेक्स/फोरप्लेक्स
कोंडोमिनियम या टाउनहाउस
अपार्टमेंट
अतिरिक्त आवास इकाइयाँ (ग्रैनी फ्लैट्स/सेकंड यूनिट्स/गेस्टहाउस) मोबाइल मकान या मैन्यूफैक्चरड (निर्मित) मकान
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 882 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
6 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

25.00% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

75.00% 3

0.00% 0
Q5 क्या आपनेनिम्नलिखित मेंसेआवास संबंधी किसी समस्या का सामना किया हैया कर रहेहैं? (लागूहोनेवालेसभी चुनें)
Answered: 4 Skipped: 0
Total Respondents: 4
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
阿巴夫的修女
किराए या रेहन
का भुगतान कर...
घर की आवश्यक
मरम्मत करवान...
किराए मेंबहुत
ज्यादा बढ़ोतरी
घर बदलना चाहते
हैं, लेकिन ऐ...
एक घर मेंबहुत
सेलोगों का...
आवास का खर्च
उठानेमें...
उपरोक्त मेंसे
कोई भी नहीं
Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
阿巴夫的修女
किराए या रेहन का भुगतान करनेके लिए जूझतेहैं (जैसे, कभी-कभार देर सेभुगतान करना, किराए का भुगतान करनेके लिए दूसरेबिलों का भुगतान नहीं करना, भोजन या दवा न खरीदना)
घर की आवश्यक मरम्मत करवानेके लिए धन की कमी
किराए मेंबहुत ज्यादा बढ़ोतरी
घर बदलना चाहतेहैं, लेकिन ऐसा घर नहीं मिल सका/जुटानेमेंअसमर्थ हैंजो मेरेऔर/या मेरेपरिवार की ज़रूरतों को पूरा करता हो एक घर मेंबहुत सेलोगों का रहना (बहुत ज्यादा भीड़)
आवास का खर्च उठानेमेंअसमर्थता के कारण वयस्क बच्चेका घर मेंरहना उपरोक्त मेंसेकोई भी नहीं
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 883 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
7 / 21
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.

City Council/RSA Agenda 884 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
8 / 21
Q6 आपके मुताबिक यूनियन सिटी के निवासियों के सामनेसबसेमहत्वपूर्णआवास समस्या कौन सी है? (तीन तक चुनें)
Answered: 4 Skipped: 0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
बिक्री के लिए
पर्याप्त घरो...
किराए के लिए
पर्याप्त जगह...
किराया बहुत
ज्यादा है
घर खरीदना बहुत
महंगा है
आवास का आकार
परिवार की...
आवास स्थितियां
खराब हैं
संपत्ति के
मालिक के रूप...
बुजुर्गों या
विकलांग लोगो...
आवासहीनता का
अनुभव कर रहे...

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 885 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
9 / 21

25.00% 1

25.00% 1

0.00% 0

75.00% 3

50.00% 2

0.00% 0

25.00% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Total Respondents: 4
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
बिक्री के लिए पर्याप्त घरों का न होना
किराए के लिए पर्याप्त जगहों का न होना
किराया बहुत ज्यादा है
घर खरीदना बहुत महंगा है
आवास का आकार परिवार की ज़रूरतों को पूरा नहीं करता
आवास स्थितियां खराब हैं
संपत्ति के मालिक के रूप मेंघर का रख-रखाव बहुत महंगा है
बुजुर्गों या विकलांग लोगों के लिए पर्याप्त आवास नहीं
आवासहीनता का अनुभव कर रहेलोगों के लिए पर्याप्त आश्रय या सेवाएं न होना Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 886 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
10 / 21

0.00% 0

25.00% 1

0.00% 0

50.00% 2

0.00% 0

25.00% 1

0.00% 0

75.00% 3

0.00% 0
Q7 आपके अनुसार सिटी को कौन सी कार्यनीतियों को प्राथमिकता देनी चाहिए? (तीन तक चुनें)
Answered: 4 Skipped: 0
Total Respondents: 4
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
阿巴夫的修女
घर खरीदारों के
लिए डाउन पेम...
किरायेदारों के
लिए किरायेदा...
अतिरिक्त आवास
इकाइयों (जैस...
बुजुर्गों और
विकलांग लोगो...
किफायती आवास
के विकास का...
आवासहीनता का
अनुभव कर रहे...
घर की मामूली
मरम्मत के लि...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
阿巴夫的修女
घर खरीदारों के लिए डाउन पेमेंट मेंसहायता
किरायेदारों के लिए किरायेदार सुरक्षा
अतिरिक्त आवास इकाइयों (जैसेग्रैनी फ्लैट्स, सेकंड यूनिट्स, बैकयार्ड कॉटेज) को प्रोत्साहित करना बुजुर्गों और विकलांग लोगों के लिए सुलभ आवास
किफायती आवास के विकास का समर्थन करना
आवासहीनता का अनुभव कर रहेया इसके जोखिम वालेलोगों के लिए कार्यक्रम घर की मामूली मरम्मत के लिए कार्यक्रम
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 887 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
11 / 21
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.

City Council/RSA Agenda 888 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
12 / 21

0.00% 0
100.00% 3

0.00% 0
Q8 क्या पिछलेपांच वर्षों मेंआपको या आपके किसी पड़ोसी को अपनेघर सेहटाया गया है? Answered: 3 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
हां
नहीं
अनिश्चित

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
हां
नहीं
अनिश्चित
City Council/RSA Agenda 889 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
13 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q9 तो इनमेंसेकौन सा कारण आपको हटाए जानेका सर्वश्रेष्ठ वर्णन करता है? Answered: 0 Skipped: 4
TOTAL 0
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.
! No matching responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
लागूनहीं
मेरी भुगतान क्षमता सेज़्यादा किराया बढ़ा
मकान मालिक को घर बेचना था
असुरक्षित परिस्थितियों मेंरह रहा था/रही थी
निजी कारण
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 890 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
14 / 21

0.00% 0
100.00% 3

0.00% 0
Q10 जब आपनेपिछले 10 वर्षों मेंयूनियन सिटी मेंआवास की तलाश की, तो क्या आपको कभी भी यह महसूस हुआ कि आपके साथ पक्षपात किया गया था?
Answered: 3 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
हां
नहीं
शायद/ अनिश्चित

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
हां
नहीं
शायद/ अनिश्चित
City Council/RSA Agenda 891 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
15 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q11 तो आपको ऐसा क्यों लगता हैकि आपके साथ पक्षपात किया गया था? (लागूहोनेवाले सारेचुनें)
Answered: 0 Skipped: 4
Total Respondents: 0
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.
! No matching responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
लागूनहीं
जाति/ जातीयता/ बोली जानेवाली भाषा
लिंग/लिंग भेद/LGBTQ
आमदन की स्थिति / बहुत कम आमदन
उम्र
पारिवारिक स्थिति / बच्चेहोना
विकलांगता
आपराधिक इतिहास
बेदखली, प्रतिबंध (foreclosure), खराब क्रेडिट का इतिहास
बेघर होना
धर्म
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 892 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
16 / 21

0.00% 0
100.00% 3
Q12 पिछले 10 वर्षों मेंजब आपनेयूनियन सिटी मेंआवास की तलाश की, तो क्या आपको किराए पर या खरीदनेके लिए आवास सेइनकार किया गया था?
Answered: 3 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
हां
नहीं

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
हां
नहीं
City Council/RSA Agenda 893 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
17 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q13 तो आपको इनकार क्यों किया गया था?
Answered: 0 Skipped: 4
TOTAL 0
# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE
There are no responses.
! No matching responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
लागूनहीं
बहुत कम आमदनी
खराब क्रेडिट रिकार्ड
बेदखली का इतिहास
आपराधिक इतिहास
स्थिर आवास रिकॉर्ड की कमी
परिवार का आकार; बहुत सारेलोग
मेरेपास एक हाउसिंग वाउचर है
रोज़गार का इतिहास
कोई और किरायेदार अधिक भुगतान करनेके लिए तैयार है
अज्ञात/ पक्का नहीं पता / कोई कारण नहीं बताया गया था
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 894 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
18 / 21
Q14 आपकी जाति क्या है? (भरें)
Answered: 1 Skipped: 3
# RESPONSES DATE
1 Asian 3/17/2022 1:25 PM
City Council/RSA Agenda 895 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
19 / 21

0.00% 0
100.00% 3

0.00% 0
Q15 क्या आप हिस्पैनिक, लातीनो, या स्पेनिश मूल के हैं?
Answered: 3 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
हां
नहीं
जवाब देना पसंद
नहीं करते

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
हां
नहीं
जवाब देना पसंद नहीं करते
City Council/RSA Agenda 896 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
20 / 21

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

66.67% 2

0.00% 0

33.33% 1
Q16 आपकी उम्र क्या है?
Answered: 3 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
18 सेकम
18 – 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 और ऊपर

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
18 सेकम
18 – 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 और ऊपर
City Council/RSA Agenda 897 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
यूनियन सिटी 2023-2031 हाउसिंग एलिमेंट अपडेट
21 / 21
Q17 क्या आपके पास आवास संबंधी कोई अति रिक्त टिप्पणियां हैंजिन्हेंऊपर सूचीबद्ध नहीं किया गया हैऔर जिन पर हाउसिंग एलिमेंट को अपडेट करनेकी प्रक्रिया मेंगौर किया जाना चाहिए?
Answered: 0 Skipped: 4
# RESPONSES DATE
There are no responses.

City Council/RSA Agenda 898 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 899 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS Online Survey Results – Tagalog
City Council/RSA Agenda 900 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 901 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 1 / 19
100.00% 5

0.00% 0
Q1 Kayo ba ay residente ng Lungsod ng Union? (Pumili ng isa) Answered: 5 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 5
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Oo
Hindi

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Oo
Hindi
City Council/RSA Agenda 902 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 2 / 19

0.00% 0

80.00% 4

20.00% 1
Q2 Kasalukuyan ba kayong umuupa o nagmamay-ari ng inyong bahay? (Pumili ng isa)
Answered: 5 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 5
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Wala sa itaas
Umuupa
Nagmamay-ari

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Wala sa itaas
Umuupa
Nagmamay-ari
City Council/RSA Agenda 903 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 3 / 19
Q3 Alin ang pinakamagandang naglalarawan sa inyong sambahayan? (Pumili ng isa)
Answered: 5 Skipped: 0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Wala sa itaas
Walang kasama
sa bahay
Mag-asawang
walang anak ...

Mag-asawang
may (mga) anak
Solong
magulang na ...
(Mga) lolo at
lola na...

Maraming
henerasyon...

Mga
indibiduwal ...

Maramihang
pamilya na...

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 904 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 4 / 19

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
100.00% 5

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
TOTAL 5

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Wala sa itaas
Walang kasama sa bahay
Mag-asawang walang anak sa bahay
Mag-asawang may (mga) anak
Solong magulang na may (mga) anak
(Mga) lolo at lola na nagpapalaki ng (mga) apo
Maraming henerasyon (lolo at lola, mga magulang, at apo) Mga indibiduwal na walang kaugnayan sa isa’t isa na magkakasama sa bahay Maramihang pamilya na magkakasama sa bahay
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 905 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 5 / 19

60.00% 3

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

20.00% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

20.00% 1
Q4 Anong uri ng bahay ang inyong tinitirahan? (Pumili ng isa) Answered: 5 Skipped: 0
TOTAL 5
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Tirahan para
sa Isang...

Duplex/triplex/
fourplex
Condominium o
Townhouse
Apartment
Mga Dagdag sa
Yunit ng...

Mobile home o
Manufactured...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Tirahan para sa Isang Pamilya
Duplex/triplex/fourplex
Condominium o Townhouse
Apartment
Mga Dagdag sa Yunit ng Tirahan (mga granny flat/pangalawang yunit/guesthouse) Mobile home o Manufactured Home
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 906 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 6 / 19

20.00% 1

20.00% 1

20.00% 1

20.00% 1

80.00% 4

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q5 Naranasan ba ninyo o nakakaranas ba kayo ng alinman sa mga sumusunod na isyu sa pabahay? (Piliin ang lahat ng naaangkop) Answered: 5 Skipped: 0
Total Respondents: 5
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Wala sa itaas
Kahirapan sa
pagbabayad n...

Kakulangan ng
pondo para...

Malaking
pagtaas ng upa
Gustong
lumipat ngun...

Napakaraming
tao ang...

Matanda na
Bata sa baha...

Wala sa itaas
Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Wala sa itaas
Kahirapan sa pagbabayad ng renta o mortgage (hal., minsan nahuhuli sa pagbabayad, hindi pagbabayad ng iba pang mga bayarin para sa renta, hindi pagbili ng pagkain o gamot) Kakulangan ng pondo para gawin ang mga kinakailangang pagsasaayos ng bahay Malaking pagtaas ng upa
Gustong lumipat ngunit hindi makahanap/makabili ng bahay na nakakatugon sa aking at/o mga pangangailangan ng aking pamilya
Napakaraming tao ang nakatira sa isang bahay (jam)
Matanda na Bata sa bahay lamang dahil sa kawalan ng kakayahang magbayad para sa pabahay Wala sa itaas
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 907 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 7 / 19
Q6 Ano sa palagay ninyo ang pinakamalaking problema sa pabahay na kinakaharap ng mga residente ng Lungsod ng Union? (Pumili ng hanggang tatlo)
Answered: 5 Skipped: 0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Wala masyadong
mga bahay na...

Wala masyadong
mga lugar na...

Masyadong
mataas ang upa
Masyadong
mahal ang...

Ang laki ng
pabahay ay...

Hindi maganda
ang mga...

Masyadong
mahal para...

Wala masyadong
pabahay para...

Wala masyadong
shelter o mg...

Other (please
specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 908 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 8 / 19

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

20.00% 1

60.00% 3

0.00% 0

20.00% 1

0.00% 0

20.00% 1

40.00% 2

0.00% 0
Total Respondents: 5

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Wala masyadong mga bahay na ibinebenta
Wala masyadong mga lugar na mauupahan
Masyadong mataas ang upa
Masyadong mahal ang pagbili ng bahay
Ang laki ng pabahay ay hindi nakakatugon sa mga pangangailangan ng pamilya Hindi maganda ang mga kondisyon ng pabahay
Masyadong mahal para mapanatili ang aking bahay bilang may-ari ng ari-arian Wala masyadong pabahay para sa mga matanda o mga taong may mga kapansanan Wala masyadong shelter o mga serbisyo para sa mga taong nakakaranas ng kawalan ng tirahan Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 909 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 9 / 19

0.00% 0

20.00% 1

60.00% 3

0.00% 0

20.00% 1

60.00% 3

20.00% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q7 Aling mga estratehiya sa tingin ninyo ang dapat unahin ng Lungsod? (Pumili ng hanggang tatlo)
Answered: 5 Skipped: 0
Total Respondents: 5
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Wala sa itaas
Tulong sa
paunang baya...

Mga proteksyon
ng...

Isulong ang
mga dagdag n...

Mapupuntahan
na pabahay p...

Suportahan ang
pagpapahusay...

Mga programa
para sa mga...

Programa para
sa maliit na...

Other (please
specify)

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Wala sa itaas
Tulong sa paunang bayad para sa mga bumibili ng bahay
Mga proteksyon ng nangungupahan para sa mga umuupa
Isulong ang mga dagdag na yunit ng tirahan (hal., granny flat, mga pangalawang yunit, maliit na bahay sa likod-bahay) Mapupuntahan na pabahay para sa mga matanda at mga taong may mga kapansanan Suportahan ang pagpapahusay ng abot-kayang pabahay
Mga programa para sa mga taong nakakaranas ng o nanganganib na mawalan ng tirahan Programa para sa maliit na mga pagsasaayos ng bahay
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 910 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 10 / 19

0.00% 0
100.00% 4

0.00% 0
Q8 Kayo ba o ang isang kapitbahay ay umalis sa inyong bahay sa nakalipas na limang taon?
Answered: 4 Skipped: 1
TOTAL 4
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Oo
Hindi
Hindi sigurado

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Oo
Hindi
Hindi sigurado
City Council/RSA Agenda 911 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 11 / 19

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q9 Alin sa mga ito ang pinakamagandang dahilan na naglalarawan kung bakit kayo umalis?
Answered: 0 Skipped: 5
TOTAL 0
! No matching responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Hindi maaari
Tumaas ang upa nang higit sa kaya kong bayaran
Ibebenta ng may-ari ang bahay
Nakatira sa hindi ligtas na mga kondisyon
Mga personal na dahilan
Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 912 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 12 / 19

0.00% 0
100.00% 3

0.00% 0
Q10 Noong naghanap kayo ng pabahay sa Lungsod ng Union sa nakalipas na 10 taon, sa tingin ba ninyo kayo ay diniskrimina?
Answered: 3 Skipped: 2
TOTAL 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Oo
Hindi
Maaari/Hindi
sigurado

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Oo
Hindi
Maaari/Hindi sigurado
City Council/RSA Agenda 913 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 13 / 19

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q11 Sa palagay ninyo bakit kayo diniskrimina? (Piliin ang lahat ng naaangkop)
Answered: 0 Skipped: 5
Total Respondents: 0
! No matching responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Hindi maaari
Lahi/Pagkakakilanlan/Wikang sinasalita
Kasarian/Sekswalidad/LGBTQ
Status ng kita/Masyadong mababa ang kinikita
Edad
Katayuan ng pampamilya/Pagkakaroon ng mga anak
Kapansanan
Rekord ng kriminal
Napaalis, naremata dati, hindi maganda ang credit (bad credit) Pagiging walang tirahan
Relihiyon
Other:

Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 914 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 14 / 19

0.00% 0
100.00% 3
Q12 Noong naghanap kayo ng pabahay sa Lungsod ng Union sa nakalipas ng 10 taon, hindi ba kayo pinayagang upahan o bilhin ito? Answered: 3 Skipped: 2
TOTAL 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Oo
Hindi

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Oo
Hindi
City Council/RSA Agenda 915 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 15 / 19

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0
Q13 Bakit hindi kayo pinaupa o pinabili?
Answered: 0 Skipped: 5
TOTAL 0
! No matching responses.

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Hindi maaari
Masyadong mababa ang kinikita
Hindi maganda ang credit (bad credit)
Napaalis dati
Rekord ng kriminal
Kakulangan ng matatag na rekord ng pabahay
Laki ng pamilya; masyadong maraming tao
Mayroon akong voucher ng pabahay
Mga nakaraang trabaho
May isa pang nangungupahan na handang magbayad ng mas higit pa Hindi alam/Hindi sigurado/Hindi binigyan ng dahilan
Other:

Other (please specify)
City Council/RSA Agenda 916 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 16 / 19
Q14 Ano ang inyong lahi? (Punan)
Answered: 3 Skipped: 2
City Council/RSA Agenda 917 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 17 / 19

0.00% 0
100.00% 3

0.00% 0
Q15 Hispaniko, Latino, o Espanyol ang inyong pinagmulan? Answered: 3 Skipped: 2
TOTAL 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Oo
Hindi
Mas piniling
hindi sumagot

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Oo
Hindi
Mas piniling hindi sumagot
City Council/RSA Agenda 918 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 18 / 19

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

66.67% 2

33.33% 1
Q16 Ano ang inyong edad?
Answered: 3 Skipped: 2
TOTAL 3
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Wala pang 18
18 - 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 pataas

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES
Wala pang 18
18 - 24
25 – 34
35 – 49
50 – 64
65 pataas
City Council/RSA Agenda 919 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MGA PAGBABAGO SA ELEMENTO NG PABAHAY SA LUNGSOD NG UNION PARA SA 2023-2031 19 / 19
Q17 Mayroon ba kayong anumang karagdagang komento na nauugnay sa pabahay na hindi nakalista sa itaas at dapat isaalang-alang sa proseso ng pag-update sa Elemento ng Pabahay?
Answered: 3 Skipped: 2
City Council/RSA Agenda 920 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 921 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS Public Comments Received on
the Housing Element
City Council/RSA Agenda 922 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX A | PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 923 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 924 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 925 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 926 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 927 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 928 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 929 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 930 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 931 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 932 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 933 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 934 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 935 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 936 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 937 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 938 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 939 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 940 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 941 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 942 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 943 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 944 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 945 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 946 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 947 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 948 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 949 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 950 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 951 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council/RSA Agenda 952 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY Appendix B | Glossary
Accessible Housing: The construction or modification of housing to enable independent living for individuals with disabilities.

Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU): A self-contained living unit, either attached to or detached from, and in addition to, the primary residential unit on a single lot. Sometimes known as “granny flat” or “second unit.”
Access to Opportunity: Geographic access to goods, resources, and services (including employment, education, and transportation) that offer individuals, particularly low-income households and individuals, the best chance at economic advancement, high educational attainment, and good physical and mental health. Low-income communities and communities of color often have disproportionate access to opportunity. Access to opportunity is generally expressed as “high resource” or “low resource”
Acre: A unit of land measure equal to 43,650 square feet.

Acreage: Net: The portion of a site exclusive of existing or planned public or private road rights-ofway.

Affirmatively Further Fair Housing (AFFH): A state mandated requirement for government agencies and grantees to take meaningful actions to explicitly address, combat, and relieve disparities resulting from past patterns of segregation to strengthen fair access to housing and more inclusive communities.

Affordability Covenant: A property title agreement which places resale or rental restrictions on a housing unit.

Affordable Housing: Housing which costs no more than 30 percent of gross household income.

Housing costs include rent or mortgage payments, utilities, taxes, insurance, homeowner association fees, and other related costs.

Affordable Units: Units for which households do not pay more than 30 percent of income for payment of rent (including monthly allowance for utilities) or monthly mortgage and related expenses. Since above moderate-income households do not generally have problems in locating affordable units, affordable units are often defined as those that low- to moderate-income households can afford.

Age in Place: The ability to live in one’s own home and community safely, independently, and comfortably, regardless of age, income, or ability level.

Annual Progress Report: An annual report on the status and progress in implementing the housing element submitted to HCD and the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research each year.

Area plan: A guide for making future decisions for a particular geographic area through a specialized set of development standards.

City Council/RSA Agenda 953 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Assisted Housing: Housing that has been subsidized by Federal, State, or local housing programs.

Assisted Housing Developments: Multifamily rental housing that receives governmental assistance under Federal programs listed in subdivision (a) of §65863.10, State and local multifamily revenue bond programs, local redevelopment programs, the Federal Community Development Block Grant Program, or local in-lieu fees. The term also includes multifamily rental units that were developed pursuant to a local inclusionary housing program or used to a quality for a density bonus pursuant to §65915.

Association of Bay Area Governments, or ABAG: The comprehensive regional planning agency and council of governments for the nine counties and 101 cities and towns of the San Francisco Bay region.

At-Risk Housing: Multifamily rental housing that is at risk of losing its status as housing affordable for low- and moderate-income tenants due to the expiration of Federal, State, or local agreements.

Below-Market-Rate (BMR): Any housing unit specifically priced to be sold or rented to low- or moderate- income households for an amount less than the fair-market value of the unit. Both the State of California and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development set standards for determining which households qualify as "low income" or "moderate income." The financing of housing at less than prevailing interest rates.

California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD): The State Department responsible for administering State-sponsored housing programs and for reviewing housing elements to determine compliance with State housing law.

California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA): A State law requiring State and local agencies to regulate activities with consideration for environmental protection. If a proposed activity has the potential for a significant adverse environmental impact, an environmental impact report (EIR) must be prepared and certified as to its adequacy before acting on the proposed project.

California Housing Finance Agency (CHFA): A State agency, established by the Housing and Home Finance Act of 1975, which is authorized to sell revenue bonds and generate funds for the development, rehabilitation, and conservation of low- and moderate-income housing.

California Tax Credit Allocation Committee (TCAC): TCAC allocates federal and state tax credits to the developers of affordable rental housing projects. TCAC verifies that the developers have met all the requirements of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program and ensures the continued affordability and habitability of the developments for the succeeding 55 years.

Census: The official United States decennial enumeration of the population conducted by the Federal government.

City: City with a capital "C" generally refers to Union City government or administration. City with a lower case "c" generally refers to the geographical area of the city.

Community Development Block Grant (CDBG): A grant program administered by the U.S.

Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) on a formula basis for entitlement communities, and by the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) for non-entitled jurisdictions. This grant allots money to cities and counties for housing rehabilitation and community development, including public facilities and economic development.

Compatible: Capable of existing together without conflict or ill effects.

City Council/RSA Agenda 954 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY Condominium: A building or group of buildings in which units are owned individually, but the structure, common areas, and facilities are owned by all owners on a proportional, undivided basis.

Consistent: Free from variation or contradiction. Programs in the General Plan are to be consistent, not contradictory or preferential. State law requires consistency between a general plan and implementation measures such as the zoning ordinance.

Contract Rent: The monthly rent agreed to, or contracted for regardless of any furnishings, utilities, or services that may be included.

Dedication, In lieu of: Cash payments that may be required of an owner or developer as a substitute for a dedication of land, usually calculated in dollars per lot, and referred to as in lieu fees or in lieu contributions.

Density: The number of dwelling units per unit of land. Density usually is expressed “per acre” (e.g., a development with 100 units located on 20 acres has density of 5.0 units per acre).

Density, Residential: The number of permanent residential dwelling units per acre of land. Densities specified in the General Plan may be expressed in units per gross acre or per net developable acre.

Density Bonus: The allocation of development rights that allows a parcel to accommodate additional square footage or additional residential units beyond the maximum for which the parcel is zoned. Density bonus requirements are contained in Government Code Section 65915.

Developable Land: Land that is suitable as a location for structures and that can be developed free of hazards to, and without disruption of, or significant impact on, natural resource areas.

Development Impact Fees: A fee or charge imposed on developers to pay for a jurisdiction’s costs of providing services to new development.

Development Right: The right granted to a landowner or other authorized party to improve a property. Such right is usually expressed in terms of a use and intensity allowed under existing zoning regulation. For example, a development right may specify the maximum number of residential dwelling units permitted per acre of land.

Development standards: Quantitative conditions or requirements to control an aspect of the size and scale of development such as lot size, building height, residential density, and number of parking spaces.

Displacement: Occurs when certain groups of individuals or households (often low-income) are forced to move from neighborhoods as a result of rising housing costs and neighborhood conditions associated with new investments in those neighborhoods.

Diversity: The practice or quality of including or involving people from a range of different social and ethnic backgrounds and of different genders, sexual orientations, etc.

Dwelling, Multifamily: A building containing two or more dwelling units for the use of individual households; an apartment or condominium building is an example of this dwelling unit type.

Dwelling, Single-family Attached: A one-family dwelling attached to one or more other one-family dwellings by a common vertical wall. Row houses and town homes are examples of this dwelling unit type.

Dwelling, Single-family Detached: A dwelling, not attached to any other dwelling, which is designed for and occupied by not more than one family and surrounded by open space or yards.

City Council/RSA Agenda 955 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Dwelling Unit: A room or group of rooms (including sleeping, eating, cooking, and sanitation facilities, but not more than one kitchen), that constitutes an independent housekeeping unit, occupied or intended for occupancy by one household on a long-term basis.

Element: A division or chapter of the General Plan.

Emergency Shelter: An emergency shelter is a facility that provides shelter to homeless families and/or homeless individuals on a limited short-term basis.

Encourage: To stimulate or foster a particular condition through direct or indirect action by the private sector or government agencies.

Energy Conservation: Reducing the consumption of energy through using less of an energy service.

This can be achieved either by using energy more efficiently or by reducing the amount of service used.

Enhance: To improve existing conditions by increasing the quantity or quality of beneficial uses or features.

Environmental Impact Report (EIR): A report that assesses all the environmental characteristics of an area and determines what effects or impacts will result if the area is altered or disturbed by a proposed action.

Fair Housing Issue: A condition in a geographic area that restricts fair housing choice or access to opportunity.

Fair Market Rent: The rent, including utility allowances, determined by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development for purposes of administering the Section 8 Existing Housing Program.

Feasible: Capable of being accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic, environmental, social, and technological factors.

First-Time Home Buyer: Defined by HUD as an individual or family who has not owned a home during the three-year period preceding the HUD-assisted purchase of a home. Jurisdictions may adopt local definitions for first-time home buyer programs which differ from non-Federally funded programs.

Floor Area Ratio: The ratio of a building's total floor area (gross floor area) to the size of land upon which it is built.

General Plan: The General Plan is a legal document, adopted by the legislative body of a city or county, setting forth policies regarding long-term development. California law requires the preparation of seven elements or chapters in the General Plan: Land Use, Housing, Circulation, Conservation, Open Space, Noise, and Safety. Additional elements are permitted, such as Economic Development, Urban Design, and similar local concerns.

Gentrification: The process by which higher income households displace lower income residents of a neighborhood, changing the essential character of that neighborhood.

Goal: The ultimate purpose of an effort stated in a way that is general in nature and immeasurable.

Green Building: Any building that is sited, designed, constructed, operated, and maintained for the health and well-being of the occupants, while minimizing impact on the environment.

City Council/RSA Agenda 956 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY Gross Rent: Contract rent plus the estimated average monthly cost of utilities (water, electricity, gas) and fuels (oil, kerosene, wood, etc.) to the extent that these are paid for by the renter (or paid for by a relative, welfare agency, or friend) in addition to the rent.

Group Quarters: A facility which houses groups of unrelated persons not living in households (U.S.

Census definition). Examples of group quarters include institutions, dormitories, shelters, military quarters, assisted living facilities and other quarters, including single-room occupancy (SRO) housing, where 10 or more unrelated individuals are housed.

High Resource Area(s): Area(s) identified by HCD and the Tax Credit Allocation Committee’s Opportunity Area Mapping Tool that offer low-income children and adults the best chance at economic advancement, high educational attainment, and good physical and mental health.

Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act requires larger lending institutions making home mortgage loans to publicly disclose the location and disposition of home purchase, refinance, and improvement loans. Institutions subject to HMDA must also disclose the gender, race, and income of loan applicants.

HOME Program: The HOME Investment Partnership Act, Title II of the National Affordable Housing Act of 1990. HOME is a Federal program administered by HUD which provides formula grants to States and localities to fund activities that build, buy, and/or rehabilitate affordable housing for rent or home ownership or provide direct rental assistance to low-income people.

Homelessness: As defined in the HEARTH act, homeless means: (1) an individual or family who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence, such as those living in an emergency shelter, transitional housing, or places not meant for habitation; (2) an individual or family who will imminently lose their primary nighttime residence (within 14 days), provided that no subsequent housing has been identified and the individual/family lacks support networks or resources needed to obtain housing; (3) unaccompanied youth under 25 years of age, or families with children and youth, who qualify under other Federal statutes, such as the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act, have not had a lease or ownership interest in a housing unit in the last 60 or more days, have had two or more moves in the last 60 days, and who are likely to continue to be unstably housed; (4) an individual or family who is fleeing or attempting to flee domestic violence, has no other residence, and lacks the resources or support networks to obtain other permanent housing. See definition of “Person Experiencing Homelessness” for more.

Household: All those persons, related or unrelated, who occupy a single housing unit.

Household Income: The total income of all the persons living in a household. A household is usually described as very low-income, low-income, moderate-income, and above moderate-income based upon household size, and income, relative to the regional area median income (AMI).

Extremely Low: Households earning less than 30 percent of County median family income; Very low: Households earning less than 50 percent of County median family income; Low: Households earning 51 percent to 80 percent of the County median family income; Moderate: Households earning 81 percent to 120 percent of County median family income; and Above- Moderate: Households earning above 120 percent of County median family income.

City Council/RSA Agenda 957 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Households, Number of: The count of all year-round housing units occupied by one or more persons. The concept of household is important because the formation of new households generates the demand for housing. Each new household formed creates the need for one additional housing unit or requires that one existing housing unit be shared by two households.

Household formation can continue to take place even without an increase in population, thereby increasing the demand for housing.

Household Population: Persons living in households, not including group homes.

Housing and Community Development, Department of (HCD): The State agency that has principal responsibility for assessing, planning for, and assisting communities to meet the needs of low- and moderate-income households.

Housing and Urban Development, U.S. Department of (HUD): A cabinet-level department of the Federal government that administers housing and community development programs.

Housing Authority, Local: Local housing agency established in State law, subject to local activation and operation. Originally intended to manage certain Federal subsidies but vested with broad powers to develop and manage other forms of affordable housing.

Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) Program: A tenant-based rental assistance program that subsidizes a family’s rent in a privately owned house or apartment. The program is administered by local public housing authorities. Assistance payments are based on 30 percent of household annual income. Households with incomes of 50 percent or below the area median income are eligible to participate in the program.

Housing Problems: Defined by HUD as a household which: (1) occupies a unit with physical defects (lacks complete kitchen or bathroom); (2) meets the definition of overcrowded; or (3) spends more than 30% of income on housing cost.

Housing Subsidy: Housing subsidies refer to government assistance aimed at reducing housing sales or rent prices to more affordable levels. Two general types of housing subsidy exist. Where a housing subsidy is linked to a particular house or apartment, housing subsidy is “project” or “unit” based. In Section 8 rental assistance programs the subsidy is linked to the family and assistance provided to any number of families accepted by willing private landlords. This type of subsidy is said to be “tenant based.”
Housing Unit: The place of permanent or customary abode of a person or family. A housing unit may be a single-family dwelling, a multifamily dwelling, a condominium, a modular home, a mobile home, a cooperative, or any other residential unit considered real property under State law. A housing unit has, at least, cooking facilities, a bathroom, and a place to sleep. It also is a dwelling that cannot be moved without substantial damage or unreasonable cost.

Impact Fee: A fee, also called a development fee, levied on the developer of a project by a city, county, or other public agency as compensation for otherwise-unmitigated impacts the project will produce.

Implementation Program: An action, procedures, program, or technique that carries out general plan policy. Implementation programs also specify primary responsibility for carrying out the action and a time frame for its accomplishment.

City Council/RSA Agenda 958 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY Inclusionary Zoning: Provisions established by a public agency to require that a specific percentage of housing units in a project or development remain affordable to very low-, and low-, or moderateincome households for a specified period.

Income Category: Four categories are used to classify a household according to income based on the median income for the county. Under State housing statutes, these categories are defined as follows: Extremely Low (< 30% of area median) Very Low (31-50% of area median); Low (51-80% of area median); Moderate (81-120% of area median); and Above Moderate (over 120% of area median).

Infill Development: Development of vacant land (usually individual lots or left-over properties) within areas that are already largely developed.

In-Lieu Fee: Cash payment that may be required of an owner or developer as a substitute for a dedication of land, usually calculated in dollars per lot, and referred to as in lieu fees or in lieu contributions.

Junior Accessory Dwelling Unit (JADU): An additional, independent living unit created through the conversion of an existing legally permitted bedroom in a single-family dwelling. (See definition of Accessory Dwelling Unit)
Jobs/Housing Balance; Jobs/Housing Ratio: The availability of affordable housing for employees.

The jobs/housing ratio divides the number of jobs in an area by the number of employed residents.

A ratio of 1.0 indicates a balance. A ratio greater than 1.0 indicates a net in-commute; less than 1.0 indicates a net out-commute.

Large Household: A household with five or more members.

Lease: A contractual agreement by which an owner of real property (the lessor) gives the right of possession to another (a lessee) for a specified period (term) and for a specified consideration (rent).

Low Barrier Navigation Center(s): A low-barrier, service-enriched shelter focused on moving people into permanent housing that provides temporary living facilities while case managers connect individuals experiencing homelessness to income, public benefits, health services, shelter, and housing. For emergency shelters, creating a “low barrier” environment means removing as many preconditions to entry as possible and responding to the needs and concerns of people seeking shelter.

Low Income Housing Tax Credits: Tax reductions provided by the Federal and State governments for investors in housing for low-income households.

Manufactured Housing: Housing that is constructed of manufactured components, assembled partly at the site rather than totally at the site. Also referred to as modular housing.

Market-Rate Housing: Housing which is available on the open market without any subsidy. The price for housing is determined by the market forces of supply and demand and varies by location.

Mean: The average of a range of numbers.

Median: The mid-point in a range of numbers.

Median Income: The annual income for each household size within a region which is defined annually by HUD. Half of the households in the region have incomes above the median and half have incomes below the median.

Mitigate, v.: To ameliorate, alleviate, or avoid to the extent reasonably feasible.

City Council/RSA Agenda 959 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Mixed-use: Properties on which various uses, such as office, commercial, institutional, and residential, are combined in a single building or on a single site in an integrated development project with significant functional interrelationships and a coherent physical design. A "single site" may include contiguous properties.

Mobile Home: A structure, transportable in one or more sections, built on a permanent chassis and designed for use as a single family dwelling unit and which (1) has a minimum of 400 square feet of living space; (2) has a minimum width in excess of 102 inches; (3) is connected to all available permanent utilities; and (4) is tied down (a) to a permanent foundation on a lot either owned or leased by the homeowner or (b) is set on piers, with wheels removed and skirted, in a mobile home park.

Mortgage Revenue Bond: A State, county or city program providing financing for the development of housing through the sale of tax-exempt bonds.

Multifamily Dwelling Unit: A building or portion thereof designed for or occupied by two or more families living independently of each other, including duplexes, triplexes, quadplexes, apartments, and condominiums.

Overcrowding: Households or occupied housing units with 1.01 or more persons per room.

Overpayment: The extent to which gross housing costs, including utility costs, exceed 30 percent of gross household income, based on data published by the U.S. Census Bureau. Severe overpayment exists if gross housing costs exceed 50 percent of gross income.

Parcel: A lot in single ownership or under single control, usually considered a unit for purposes of development.

Person Experiencing Homelessness: Unsheltered persons are those families and individuals whose primary nighttime residence is a public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings (e.g., the street, sidewalks, cars, vacant and abandoned buildings). Sheltered persons are families and persons whose primary nighttime residence is a supervised publicly- or privately-operated shelter (e.g., emergency, transitional, battered women, and homeless youth shelters; and commercial hotels used to house the homeless).

Physical Defects: A housing unit lacking complete kitchen or bathroom facilities (U.S. Census definition). Jurisdictions may expand the Census definition in defining units with physical defects.

Policy: A specific statement guiding action and implying clear commitment.

Population: People or inhabitants of a region or area.

Poverty Level: As used by the U.S. Census, families and unrelated individuals are classified as being above or below the poverty level based on a poverty index that provides a range of income cutoffs or "poverty thresholds" varying by size of family, number of children, and age of householder. The income cutoffs are updated each year to reflect the change in the Consumer Price Index.

Project-Based Rental Assistance: Rental assistance provided for a project, not for a specific tenant.

A tenant receiving project-based rental assistance gives up the right to that assistance upon moving from the project.

Public Housing: A project-based low-rent housing program operated by independent local public housing authorities. A low-income family applies to the local public housing authority in the area in which they want to live.

City Council/RSA Agenda 960 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY Quantified Objective: The number of housing units that the City is targeting for construction, conservation, or rehabilitation during the time frame of the Housing Element based on anticipated market conditions and available resources.

Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Affluence (RCAAs): Neighborhoods in which there are both high concentrations of non-Hispanic White households and high household income rates.

Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty (R/ECAP): Neighborhoods in which there are both racial concentrations and high poverty rates.

Reasonable Accommodations: Amendments to a City’s standard procedures for processing permits or application to enable people with disabilities to participate fully in the process.

Redevelop: To demolish existing buildings; or to increase the overall floor area existing on a property; or both; irrespective of whether a change occurs in land use.

Redevelopment Agency: California Community Redevelopment Law provided authority to establish a Redevelopment Agency with the scope and financing mechanisms necessary to remedy blight and provide stimulus to eliminate deteriorated conditions. The law provided for the planning, development, redesign, clearance, reconstruction, or rehabilitation, or any combination of these, and the provision of public and private improvements as may be appropriate or necessary in the interest of the general welfare by the Agency. Redevelopment law required an Agency to set aside 20 percent of all tax increment dollars generated from each redevelopment project area for increasing and improving the community’s supply of affordable housing. The City of Union City’s Redevelopment Agency was dissolved as of February 1, 2012. The City of Union City acts as the Housing Successor Agency of the Former Redevelopment Agency. As the Housing Successor, the City oversees bond proceeds of the former Redevelopment Agency.

Redlining: A discriminatory practice in which services or goods by federal government agencies were denied or restricted in certain areas of a community, often based on race or ethnicity.

Regional Housing Needs Plan (RHNP): The Regional Housing Needs Plan (RHNP) is based on State of California projections of population growth and housing unit demand and assigns a share of the region’s future housing need to each jurisdiction in California. These housing need numbers serve as the basis for the update of the Housing Element in each California city and county.

Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA): Each city and county in the Regional Housing Needs Plan receives a Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) of a total number of housing units that it must plan through their General Plan Housing Elements within a specified time period (June 30, 2022 – December 31, 2030for this Housing Element). Allocations are also distributed within four economic income categories; these four categories must add up to the total overall number a jurisdiction is allocated. The City’s total RHNA from the 2023-2031 Housing Element is 2,728 housing units which includes 862 very low-, 496 low-, 382 moderate-, and 988 above moderate-income units.

Regional Housing Needs Share: A quantification by a Council of Governments (COG) or by HCD of existing and projected housing need, by household income group, for all localities within a region.

Rehabilitation: The repair, preservation, and/or improvement of substandard housing.

Residential, Multiple Family: Usually three or more dwelling units on a single site, which may be in the same or separate buildings.

Residential, Single family: A single dwelling unit on a building site.

City Council/RSA Agenda 961 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Rezoning: An amendment to the map and/or text of a zoning ordinance to effect a change in the nature, density, or intensity of uses allowed in a zoning district and/or on a designated parcel or land area.

Section 8 Rental Assistance Program: A Federal (HUD) rent-subsidy program that is one of the main sources of Federal housing assistance for low-income households. The program operates by providing "housing assistance payments" to owners, developers, and public housing agencies to make up the difference between the "Fair Market Rent" of a unit (set by HUD) and the household's contribution toward the rent, which is calculated at 30 percent of the household's adjusted gross monthly income (GMI). Section 8 includes programs for new construction, existing housing, and substantial or moderate housing rehabilitation.

Segregation: The separation of different demographic groups into different geographic locations or communities, meaning that groups are unevenly distributed across geographic space.

Seniors: Persons aged 65 and older.

Service Needs: The services required by special populations, typically including needs such as transportation, personal care, housekeeping, counseling, meals, case management, personal emergency response, and other services preventing premature institutionalization and assisting individuals to continue living independently.

Shall: That which is obligatory or necessary.

Should: Signifies a directive to be honored if at all feasible.

Site: A parcel of land used or intended for one use or a group of uses and having frontage on a public or an approved private street. A lot.

Small Household: Pursuant to HUD definition, a small household consists of two to four persons.

Special Needs Groups: Those segments of the population which have a more difficult time finding decent affordable housing due to special circumstances. Under California Housing Element statutes, these special needs groups consist of the extremely low income households, senior households, persons with disabilities (including developmental disabilities), large families, femaleheaded households, farmworkers, and persons experiencing homelessness. A jurisdiction may also choose to consider additional special needs groups in the Housing Element, such as students, military households, other groups present in their community.

Specific Plan: A planning tool authorized by Government Code Section 65450, et seq., for the systematic implementation of the general plan for a defined portion of a community’s Planning Area.

A specific plan must specify in detail the land uses, public and private facilities needed to support the land uses, phasing of development, standards for the conservation, development, and use of natural resources, and a program of implementation measures, including financing measures.

Subdivision: The division of a tract of land into defined lots, either improved or unimproved, which can be separately conveyed by sale or lease, and which can be altered or developed.

Subsidize: To assist by payment of a sum of money or by the granting of terms or favors that reduce the need for monetary expenditures. Housing subsidies may take the forms of mortgage interest deductions or tax credits from Federal and/or State income taxes, sale or lease at less than market value of land to be used for the construction of housing, payments to supplement a minimum affordable rent, and the like.

City Council/RSA Agenda 962 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY Substandard Housing: Residential dwellings that, because of their physical condition, do not provide safe and sanitary housing.

Substandard, Suitable for Rehabilitation: Substandard units which are structurally sound and where the cost of rehabilitation is economically warranted.

Substandard, Needs Replacement: Substandard units which are structurally unsound and for which the cost of rehabilitation is considered infeasible, such as instances where the majority of a unit has been damaged by fire.

Supportive Housing: Housing with a supporting environment, such as group homes or Single Room Occupancy (SRO) housing and other housing that includes a supportive service component such as those defined below.

Supportive Services: Services provided to residents of supportive housing for the purpose of facilitating the independence of residents. Some examples are case management, medical or psychological counseling and supervision, childcare, transportation, and job training.

Tenure: The manner in which a housing unit is occupied (i.e., rented or owned).

Tenant-Based Rental Assistance: A form of rental assistance in which the assisted tenant may move from a dwelling unit with a right to continued assistance. The assistance is provided for the tenant, not for the project.

Transient Occupancy Buildings: Buildings that have an occupancy of 30 days or fewer, such as boarding houses, hospices, hostels, and emergency shelters.

Transit Occupancy Tax: A tax imposed by a jurisdiction upon travelers to the area, collected by hotel, bed and breakfast, and condominium operators.

Transitional Housing: Transitional housing is temporary (often six months to two years) housing for a homeless individual or family who is transitioning to permanent housing. Transitional housing often includes a supportive services component (e.g., job skills training, rehabilitation counseling, etc.) to allow individuals to gain necessary life skills in support of independent living.

Underutilized Site (Parcel): Non-vacant sites that have structures or other site improvements but are capable of being redeveloped with residential uses at a higher density under the zoning and General Plan land use designations. Examples include sites with vacant or abandoned buildings, surface parking lots in the Central City, and large sites that are only partially developed.

Universal Design: The creation of products and environments meant to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialization.

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD): The cabinet level department of the Federal government responsible for housing, housing assistance, and urban development at the national level. Housing programs administered through HUD include Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), HOME and Section 8, among others.

Vacant: Lands or buildings that are not actively used for any purpose.

Zoning: The division of a city or county by legislative regulations into areas, or zones, which specify allowable uses for real property and size restrictions for buildings within these areas; a program that implements policies of the General Plan.

City Council/RSA Agenda 963 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
MAY 2023
APPENDIX B | GLOSSARY UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Zoning code: A regulation and law that defines how property in specific geographic zones can be used. A zoning code, among other things, specifies permitted land uses, lot size, and structure placement, bulk (or density) and height.

Zoning district: A portion of the territory of a city or county designated in the zoning code and on a zoning map within which certain uses of land, premises, and structures are permitted, other uses are permitted through approval of a discretionary permit, and other uses are not permitted and within which certain development standards are established.

City Council/RSA Agenda 964 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
UNION CITY 2040 GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENTS
SECTION 1: AMEND “DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE” INTRODUCTION, SAFETY ELEMENT, PAGE 202:

Existing language:

The City and other agencies in the region work collaboratively to ensure the community is prepared in the event of an emergency and to ensure an efficient and effective response and recovery. Currently, the City contracts with Alameda County Fire Department (ACFD) to provide fire and emergency response services. In partnership with the City, ACFD prepared a Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) that describes how the City will effectively prepare for, respond to, recover from, and mitigate against natural or human-caused disasters. ACFD is contracted to review and update the CEMP annually. More recently (2017), the City adopted a Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), which includes a risk assessment and strategies to reduce the impacts of disasters on people, property, and the environment. Some of the strategies in the LHMP will inform the update to the CEMP. The LHMP is updated every five years. ACFD also has an Emergency Operations Plan and coordinates with other jurisdictions in the county to ensure a coordinated response plan.

Recognizing that the community plays an important role in responding to major disasters, the City encourages its residents and businesses to participate in the local Community Emergency Response Training (CERT) Academy. As part of the service contract, ACFD provides a CERT Program Coordinator to work closely with the CERT Board of Directors to provide trainings. The CERT Academy trains people to take care of themselves, their families, and their neighbors in the event of a disaster.

The policies of this section support the City’s disaster preparedness and emergency response services and efforts to better prepare members of the community to respond to major emergencies or disasters.

Proposed amendment:

The City and other agencies in the region work collaboratively to ensure the community is prepared in the event of an emergency and to ensure an efficient and effective response and recovery. The City currently contracts with Alameda County Fire Department (ACFD) to provide fire and emergency response services. In partnership with the City, ACFD provides input into the City’s Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) that describes how the City will effectively prepare for, respond to, recover from, and mitigate against all hazards. As of 2023, the City is in the scoping stage of updating the CEMP. In 2017, the City adopted a Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), which includes a risk assessment and strategies to reduce the impacts of disasters on people, property, and the environment. Some of the strategies in the LHMP will inform the update to the CEMP. The LHMP is updated every five years. The multijurisdictional LHMP update is underway as of 2023. ACFD also has an Emergency Operations Plan and coordinates with other jurisdictions in the county to ensure a coordinated response plan.

Attachment 2 Exhibit B
City Council/RSA Agenda 965 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Pursuant to Senate Bill (SB) 99, upon the next revision of the housing element on or after January 1, 2020, the safety element shall identify residential developments in any hazard area identified in the safety element that do not have at least two emergency evacuation routes.

Therefore, the identification of residential developments considered vulnerable due to limited accessibility (i.e., less than two points of access) are provided in Appendix A, Senate Bill 99 Evacuation Route Analysis.

Recognizing that the community plays an important role in responding to major disasters, the City encourages its residents and businesses to participate in the local Community Emergency Response Training (CERT) Academy. As part of the service contract, ACFD provides a CERT Program Coordinator to work closely with the CERT Board of Directors to provide trainings. The CERT Academy trains people to take care of themselves, their families, and their neighbors in the event of a disaster.

The policies of this section support the City’s disaster preparedness and emergency response services and efforts to better prepare members of the community to respond to major emergencies or disasters.

SECTION 2: AMEND “CLIMATE CHANGE: ADAPTATION AND RESILIENCY” INTRODUCTION, SAFETY ELEMENT, PAGE 214:

Existing language:

Climate change refers to changes in the average climatic conditions on earth as a whole, including changes in temperature, wind patterns, precipitation, and storm severity. The City of Union City recognizes that climate change poses a threat to the health and safety of residents in Union City.

The largest potential climate change impacts in Union City are expected to be increased flood risk due to sea level rise and increased number of extreme heat days.

California sea level appears to have risen by about seven inches over the 20th century and is predicted to continue to rise into the future. Union City is located adjacent to the San Francisco bay, and many areas in Union City are expected to be at risk of inundation with a rise in sea level expected by 2100. Although the exact extent and timing of sea level rise is still uncertain, scientists have modeled different scenarios of sea level rise. Portions of Union City are subject to potential inundation associated with a sea level rise of one to six feet above current Mean Higher High Water (MHHW) (see Figure S-6.1).

According to data available on CalAdapt, by the year 2100, Union City could also experience up to a 6 percent increase in average temperature and up to seven heat waves per year. As temperatures in Union City increase, vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, people with existing illnesses, and people who work outdoors will face the greatest risk of heatrelated illness. Other potential risks of climate change include decreased water supply as a result of decreased precipitation and increased number and severity of extreme weather events.

While there is some uncertainty about when, where, and to what extent the impacts of climate change will affect Union City’s residents, businesses, and natural environments, planning for City Council/RSA Agenda 966 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
these impacts now will ensure Union City is better prepared and more resilient in the face of future challenges. The policies in this section support efforts to adapt to climate change. Policies in the Resource Conversation Element specifically address the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, which are evidenced to be the leading cause of climate change.

Permanent inundation of six feet (72 inches) is not likely to occur before 2100. The sea level rise scenario that is currently (2018) accepted as the most likely scenario projects 12 inches of rise by 2050 and 36 inches by 2100. The inundation maps are intended as a planning level tool to illustrate the potential for inundation and coastal flooding under future sea level rise scenarios; they do not represent the exact location or depth of flooding or shoreline overtopping. The maps are based on model outputs and do not account for all the complex and dynamic bay processes or future conditions, such as erosion, subsidence, future construction or shoreline protection upgrades, or other changes to the San Francisco bay or the region that may occur in response to sea level rise.

Proposed amendment:

Climate change refers to changes in the average climatic conditions on earth as a whole, including changes in temperature, wind patterns, precipitation, and storm severity. The City of Union City recognizes that climate change poses a threat to the health and safety of residents in Union City. long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns around the world, where present-day climate change is largely driven by human activities. Though climate change is a global issue, its impacts are felt locally.

The largest potential climate change impacts in Union City are expected to be increased flood risk due to sea level rise and increased number of extreme heat days. Union City will likely be exposed to an array of climate change effects through the end of the century, including increased temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and sea level rise. These climate change effects are projected to exacerbate climate hazards like extreme heat, extreme precipitation and flooding, drought, and regional wildfires. Each of these climate hazards puts Union City at risk with an array of potential impacts. A summary is provided below, and further information can be found in Appendix B.

California sea level appears to have risen by about seven inches over the 20th century and is predicted to continue to rise into the future. Union City is located adjacent to the San Francisco bay, and many areas in Union City are expected to be at risk of inundation with a rise in sea level expected by 2100. Although the exact extent and timing of sea level rise is still uncertain, scientists have modeled different scenarios of sea level rise. Portions of Union City are subject to potential inundation associated with a sea level rise of one to six feet above current Mean Higher High Water (MHHW) (see Figure S-6.1). Regarding increased temperatures, average annual maximum temperature in Union City is projected to rise from the historic average of 67.2 °F to a range of between 72.6 °F and 75.4 °F by 2099. Similarly, the city has historically experienced 4.3 average annual extreme heat days (i.e., days at or above 90.0 °F) and 0.2 heat waves (i.e., four or more consecutive extreme heat days). However, as a result of climate change, the city may experience up to 31.1 extreme heat days and 3.6 heat waves per year by 2099.

City Council/RSA Agenda 967 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
According to data available on CalAdapt, by the year 2100, Union City could also experience up to a 6 percent increase in average temperature and up to seven heat waves per year. As temperatures in Union City increase, vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, people with existing illnesses, and people who work outdoors will face the greatest risk of heatrelated illness. Other potential risks of climate change include decreased water supply as a result of decreased precipitation and increased number and severity of extreme weather events.

Average annual precipitation and extreme precipitation events (i.e., 1.1 inches over a two-day period) are also both projected to rise through 2099. The potential for more precipitation and a greater number of extreme precipitation events exacerbates the risk of localized flooding in the city. Additionally, sea level rise will worsen coastal flooding. While the exact extent and timing of sea level rise is uncertain, the likelihood of sea level rise happening is certain and should be prepared for accordingly.

Despite projections that Union City may experience an increase in average annual precipitation and extreme precipitation events, overall precipitation patterns are projected to change, with precipitation variability expected to increase substantially. California has a highly variable climate that is susceptible to prolonged periods of drought, and recent research suggests that extended drought occurrences (i.e., a “mega-drought”) could become more pervasive in future decades, which may challenge the management of the region’s water supplies.

Historically, attention to wildfire in the state has mostly focused on the Sierra Nevada region and Southern California, but recent large and destructive wildfires in the San Francisco Bay Area have rapidly shifted attention to the ongoing risks in this region, inclusive of Union City. The San Francisco Bay Area as a whole is projected to experience significant increases in the amount of average annual area burned by wildfires through 2099, putting Union City at increased risk, both directly and indirectly.

While there is some uncertainty about when, where, and to what extent the impacts of climate change will affect Union City’s residents, businesses, and natural environments, planning Overall, climate hazards that are projected to affect Union City are associated with a wide range of potential impacts on the city’s populations, and the built environment. These potential impacts include, but are not limited to, air quality degradation, impacts to buildings and infrastructure, economic impacts, environmental impacts, impacts to health and safety (e.g., respiratory illnesses, heat-related illnesses, vector-borne diseases), impacts to water supply and quality, and disproportionate impacts on vulnerable populations. Planning for these impacts now will ensure Union City is better prepared and more resilient in the face of future challenges.

The policies in this section support efforts to adapt to climate change. Policies in the Resource Conversation Element specifically address the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, which are evidenced to be the leading cause of climate change.

Permanent inundation of six feet (72 inches) is not likely to occur before 2100. The sea level rise scenario that is currently (2018) accepted as the most likely scenario projects 12 inches of rise by 2050 and 36 inches by 2100. The inundation maps are intended as a planning level tool to illustrate the potential for inundation and coastal flooding under future sea level rise scenarios; they do not represent the exact location or depth of flooding or shoreline overtopping. The maps are based on model outputs and do not account for all the complex and dynamic bay City Council/RSA Agenda 968 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
processes or future conditions, such as erosion, subsidence, future construction or shoreline protection upgrades, or other changes to the San Francisco bay or the region that may occur in response to sea level rise.

SECTION 3: REPLACE “FIGURE S-6.1: MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER (MHHW) SEA LEVEL RISE SCENARIOS BY 2100”, SAFETY ELEMENT, PAGE 215:

Existing figure:

City Council/RSA Agenda 969 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Proposed figure:

Figure S-6-1: Projected Flooding With Sea Level Rise*
* Inundation Depth with Sea Level Rise of 52 Inches During a 100-Year Storm Event City Council/RSA Agenda 970 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECTION 4: DELETE POLICY S-6.1, POLICY S-6.2, POLICY S-6.3, POLICY S-6.4, AND POLICY S-6.5, SAFETY ELEMENT, PAGE 216:

Existing language:

S-6.1 Coordination to Address Sea Level Rise
The City shall coordinate with regional, State, and Federal agencies to identify adaptation strategies to address flooding hazards associated with sea level rise in the San Francisco Bay.

S-6.2 Support Efforts by Flood Control District to Address Sea Level Rise The City shall support efforts by Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District to develop and implement local strategies to reduce flooding impacts associated with sea level rise.

S-6.3 Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment
The City shall continue to monitor the potential impacts from climate change and analyze the City’s vulnerability to climate change in subsequent updates to the Hazard Mitigation Plan.

S-6.4 Resiliency Efforts
The City shall actively seek grant funding to develop and employ methods and practices to address and adapt to the potential impacts caused by climate change.

S-6.5 Public Education on Heat Waves
The City shall coordinate with Alameda County and other agencies to publicize programs and standards for preventing heat-related illness during heat waves, particularly for vulnerable populations.

Proposed language:

S-6.1 Coordination to Address Sea Level Rise
The City shall coordinate with regional, State, and Federal agencies to identify adaptation strategies to address flooding hazards associated with sea level rise in the San Francisco Bay.

S-6.2 Support Efforts by Flood Control District to Address Sea Level Rise The City shall support efforts by Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District to develop and implement local strategies to reduce flooding impacts associated with sea level rise.

S-6.3 Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment
The City shall continue to monitor the potential impacts from climate change and analyze the City’s vulnerability to climate change in subsequent updates to the Hazard Mitigation Plan.

S-6.4 Resiliency Efforts
City Council/RSA Agenda 971 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
The City shall actively seek grant funding to develop and employ methods and practices to address and adapt to the potential impacts caused by climate change.

S-6.5 Public Education on Heat Waves
The City shall coordinate with Alameda County and other agencies to publicize programs and standards for preventing heat-related illness during heat waves, particularly for vulnerable populations.

SECTION 5: ADD POLICY S-6.1, POLICY S-6.2, POLICY S-6.3, POLICY S-6.4, POLICY S-6.5, AND POLICY S6.6, SAFETY ELEMENT, PAGE 216:

Proposed language:

S-6.1 Integrate Climate Impacts
The City shall consider climate change impacts and adaptive responses in long-range planning decisions.

S-6.2 External Adaptation Coordination
The City shall collaborate with and support adaptive efforts of other neighboring jurisdictions, regional agencies, and community-based organizations to reduce climate change impacts.

S-6.3 Public Climate Hazard Education and Awareness
The City shall work to educate the public and promote community awareness of potential impacts and actions that can be implemented by residents and businesses to improve climate resilience.

S-6.4 Prioritize Protection of Vulnerable Populations
The City shall ensure that climate adaptation measures aimed at reducing climate risks prioritize protecting vulnerable populations to climate impacts and ensure that those measures do not lead to disproportionally adverse effects. Vulnerable populations include, but are not limited to, children, communities of color, linguistically isolated communities, low-income communities, individuals experiencing homelessness, workers in vulnerable occupations, and those with preexisting health issues.

S-6.5 Natural Infrastructure
The City shall address and prioritize climate adaptation through the use of natural infrastructure, such as urban tree plantings to mitigate extreme heat, where feasible.

S-6.6 Climate Action Plan
The City shall update and implement the City’s Climate Action Plan to provide best management practices for adapting to climate change.

SECTION 6: ADD IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM S-2.H, IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM S-6.A, AND IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM S-6.B, SAFETY ELEMENT, PAGE 225:

City Council/RSA Agenda 972 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Proposed language:

S-2.H Implementation of Assembly Bill (AB) 747 and Senate Bill (SB) 99 The City currently contracts with Alameda County Fire Department (ACFD) to provide fire and emergency response services. In partnership with the City, ACFD provides input into the City’s Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) that describes how the City will effectively prepare for, respond to, recover from, and mitigate against all hazards. As part of the CEMP, the City shall include capacity-based analysis of its evacuation network, consistent with the statutory requirements of AB 747. At a minimum, this analysis shall identify evacuation routes and their capacity, safety, and viability under a range of emergency scenarios. Finally, as part of subsequent updates to the CEMP, the City shall address evacuation of existing residential developments within hazard areas with limited accessibility (i.e., less than two points of access) consistent with SB 99.
• Responsibility: City Manager’s Office, Public Works, Economic and Community Development
• Time Frame: Upon each subsequent CEMP update
S-6.A External Adaptation Coordination
The City shall coordinate with other neighboring jurisdictions, regional agencies (e.g., Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District, Alameda County Water District, Union Sanitary District), and community-based organizations, to identify, plan for, and implement adaptation strategies to address the potential impacts of climate hazards (e.g., sea level rise, flooding).
• Responsibility: City Manager’s Office, Economic and Community Development • Time Frame: Ongoing
S-6.B Public Climate Hazard Education and Awareness
The City shall develop a multi-pronged outreach and awareness strategy, partnering with regional and local jurisdictions and organizations to educate residents on their level of risk to climate hazards and actions they could take to become more climate resilient, including the promotion of existing incentive programs.
• Responsibility: City Manager’s Office, Economic and Community Development • Time Frame: Ongoing
SECTION 7: AMEND “GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTION” IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM RC7.A, RESOURCE CONSERVATION ELEMENT, PAGE 281:

Existing language:

RC-7.A Update the Climate Action Plan
The City shall periodically update the Climate Action Plan to address municipal operations, maintain compliance with GHG reduction targets set forth by the California Air Resources Board, and assess and modify existing CAP implementation programs.

City Council/RSA Agenda 973 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
• Responsibility: Economic and Community Development
• Time Frame: 2020 and every five years thereafter
Proposed language:

RC-7.A Update the Climate Action Plan
The City shall periodically update the Climate Action Plan to address municipal operations, maintain compliance with GHG reduction targets set forth by the California Air Resources Board, integrate climate adaptation, and assess and modify existing CAP implementation programs. • Responsibility: Economic and Community Development
• Time Frame: 2020 and every five years thereafter
City Council/RSA Agenda 974 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix A: SB 99 Evacuation Route Analysis Page 1 April 2023

APPENDIX A
SENATE BILL 99 EVACUATION ROUTE ANALYSIS
Pursuant to Senate Bill (SB) 99, upon the next revision of the housing element on or after January 1, 2020, the safety element shall identify residential developments in any hazard area identified in the safety element that do not have at least two emergency evacuation routes. For the purpose of this analysis an “emergency evacuation route” is considered to be a vehicular access point which can be utilized during an emergency and provides a direct connection to the surrounding roadway network. The identification of residential developments within hazard areas with limited accessibility (i.e., fewer than two points of access), will aid Union City in identifying locations that could be vulnerable during an evacuation event and opportunities for improved connectivity and access.

The analysis utilized aerial imagery upon which the city’s zoning designations and roadway network was overlayed to identify any residential development within the city with fewer than two vehicular access points. For the purpose of this analysis, a residential development is defined as an existing cluster of residences consisting of more than 30 dwelling units. This definition is generally consistent with Public Resources Code 4290.5 which requires the Board of Forestry and Fire Protection to identify existing subdivisions with more than 30 dwelling units which are at significant fire risk and lack a secondary egress route. Subsequently, the hazard zones within the city including the FEMA designated 100- and 500-year flood zones, and California Department of Conservation high landslide potential areas, and fault lines; were identified and mapped. Figure 1 identifies those hazard zones and all residential developments within the city with only one point of vehicular access. It should be noted that fire hazard severity zones are not shown on Figure 1 due to no recent data being available.

The residential developments located in hazard areas that have only one point of access are the most vulnerable communities if a circumstance were to occur requiring emergency evacuation; thus, are the focus of this analysis. However, it should be noted that all residential development within the city with less than two vehicular points of access, regardless of if they are also within a hazard zone, are included on Figure 1 for disclosure purposes.

As shown in Figure 1, there are a total of three residential developments in the city with fewer than two points of vehicular access. Of those three residential developments, the two developments located just east of State Route (SR) 238 on the eastern side of the city are within potential landslide zones and along active fault lines. It should be noted that, as detailed in the 2040 General Plan, while most of Union City is considered to be at low risk for wildfires, hillside areas in the eastern part of the city are at a higher risk.

Therefore, there is a high likelihood that the two developments with fewer than two points of access within hazards zone identified above, are also within areas at a higher risk for wildfire.

Attachment 2 Exhibit B
City Council/RSA Agenda 975 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix A: SB 99 Evacuation Route Analysis Page 2 April 2023
FIGURE 1
SENATE BILL 99 RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IDENTIFICATION
Notes: Data downloaded from California Geological Survey in 2023, FEMA in 2022. Adapted by Ascent Environmental in 2023.

City Council/RSA Agenda 976 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 1 April 2023

APPENDIX B

CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
Introduction
This section provides a climate change vulnerability assessment, which summarizes various climate change effects and potential impacts that Union City may experience over the coming decades, evaluates Union City’s current capacity to adjust and adapt to climate change (i.e., adaptive capacity), and characterizes Union City’s overall vulnerability to climate change. A discussion of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the causes of climate change is included in Section 10.7, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, of the Hazards and Public Safety chapter of the Union City General Plan Update 2019 Background Report.

Major Findings
 The historical average annual maximum temperature for Union City is 67.2 degrees Fahrenheit (°F), but is projected to rise to a range of between 72.6 °F and 75.4 °F by 2099, an increase range of 5.4 °F to 8.2 °F, depending on GHG emissions levels.  The historical average annual number of extreme heat days (i.e., days at or above 90.0 °F) in Union City is 4.3 days, but is projected to rise to a range of 18.5 to 31.1 days by 2099, depending on GHG emissions levels. Additionally, heat waves (i.e., four or more consecutive extreme heat days) are projected to rise from a historical annual average of 0.2 heat waves to a range of 1.6 to 3.6 heat waves by 2099, depending on GHG emissions levels.  The historical average annual precipitation in Union City is 19.6 inches, but is projected to rise to a range of 22.2 to 24.6 inches by 2099, an increase of 2.6 to 5.0 inches, depending on GHG emissions levels. Additionally, extreme precipitation is also projected to rise. The historical average annual number of extreme precipitation events (i.e., events having precipitation at or exceeding the 95th percentile, which equates to 1.1 inches over a two-day period) in Union City is 1.3 events, but is projected to rise to a range of 2.1 and 3.3 events by 2099, depending on GHG emissions levels.

Extreme precipitation, coupled with sea level rise, will likely result in increased risk of flooding.  Despite extreme precipitation being projected to rise through 2099, drought will also continue to be prevalent within Union City and across the state. Historically, precipitation in the San Francisco Bay Area exhibits “booms and busts,” which refers to the existence of both very wet years and very dry years. This trend is expected to continue in the future, and extended drought occurrences may become more pervasive in future decades.  The San Francisco Bay Area, inclusive of Union City, has historically experienced an annual average of 20,281 acres burned by wildfire. This number is projected to rise to a range of 25,381 to 27,065 acres burned by 2099, depending on GHG emissions levels.

Existing Conditions
Climate Change Background
Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century, human activities—primarily the combustion of fossil fuels for electricity, heat, and transportation—have released an excess amount of Attachment 2 Exhibit B
City Council/RSA Agenda 977 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 2 April 2023
GHGs into Earth’s atmosphere. Significantly elevated levels of GHG emissions have intensified the greenhouse effect and have led to an unprecedented trend of human-caused (i.e., anthropogenic) warming of Earth’s climate, among other climatic disruptions, known as climate change. There are many effects and associated impacts stemming from climate change that intersect with multiple facets of human society, and though it is a global issue, it is an issue that will be, and already is, experienced differently around the world.

Over time, it has increasingly become a priority to address climate change at multiple scales as weather patterns become more extreme, temperatures continue to rise, and polar ice caps continue to melt.

The average global surface temperature is expected to increase approximately 8 °F by the end of the century unless additional efforts to reduce GHG emissions are made (IPCC 2021). Depending on future GHG emissions levels, average annual maximum daily temperatures in California are projected to increase between 4.4 °F and 5.8 °F by 2050 and by 5.6 °F to 8.8 °F by 2100 (Pierce et al. 2018, cited in OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018a). Temperature changes in the San Francisco Bay Area are expected to be consistent with California as a whole, with projected increases between roughly 5 °F and 8 °F by the end of the century (OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018b). These temperature changes, along with other climate change effects and climate hazards, are already being experienced by Union City, and the scale, frequency, and intensity of them are expected to worsen over time depending on the level of present and future GHG emissions (OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018a).

Climate Change Effects
Climate change effects are caused by the initial impacts of increased GHG emissions, from which secondary effects result (i.e., climate hazards). The climate change effects analyzed for Union City include increased temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and sea level rise. Climate hazards, which are exacerbated because of individual changes or a combination of changes in climate change effects, include extreme heat, wildfire, extreme precipitation and flooding, and drought, and are discussed in the following section titled “Climate Hazards.”
Though the precise extent of future climate change effects is uncertain, historical climate data and forecasted GHG emissions can be used to project climate change effects through near-term (current2050), midterm (2040-2069), and long-term (2070-2099) timescales, unless noted otherwise for individual climate change effects. The time periods are established as 30-year time intervals to gather accurate data on average changes in the climate, which is typically measured over 30-year periods or longer. This results in overlap among some time periods. Due to annual fluctuations in climate variables, climate data on shorter periods may be less accurate and not reflect long-term averages (NOAA 2020). To assess potential climate change effects and climate hazards, the California Adaptation Planning Guide (APG) recommends using Cal-Adapt, a tool developed by the California Energy Commission (CEC) and the University of California, Berkeley Geospatial Innovation Facility that uses global climate simulation model data to identify how climate change might affect various geographies in California (Cal OES 2020). Cal-Adapt addresses the uncertainty in future GHG emissions by using Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

These RCPs depict two future emissions scenarios. RCP 4.5 represents a medium emissions scenario in which GHG emissions continue to rise through 2040 and then decrease to below 1990 levels by the end of the century. RCP 8.5 represents a high emissions scenario, or business-as-usual scenario, where GHG emissions continue to increase through the end of the century. As recommended by the APG, this analysis evaluates near-term and midterm climate change effects and their associated impacts under the high emissions scenario, as this takes a conservative approach and assumes a worst-case scenario.

Additionally, changes in climate variables for these timescales are similar under both the medium and high emissions scenarios. Because long-term global GHG emissions trends are less certain and climate impacts vary more considerably between scenarios, a discussion of both the medium and high emissions scenarios is included for this timescale (OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018a).

City Council/RSA Agenda 978 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 3 April 2023
Cal-Adapt downscales global climate models to local and regional resolutions using the Localized Constructed Analogs statistical technique. Four of the models included have been selected by California’s Climate Action Team Research Working Group as priority models for research contributing to the Climate Assessment. The first model, CanESM2, represents an “average” simulation. The second model, CNRM-CM5, represents a “cooler/wetter” simulation. The third model, HadGEM2-ES, represents a “warmer/drier” simulation. The fourth model, MIROC5, represents a “dissimilar” simulation that is most unlike the other three to produce maximal coverage of possible future climate conditions. To analyze projections for climate change effects and climate hazards in Union City, the average of the downscaled data provided by these four models were used. The boundaries of the study area for this analysis are the geographic boundaries of Union City.

Increased Temperatures
According to Cal-Adapt, the historic (1961-1990) average annual maximum temperature in Union City is

67.2 °F, and the historic average annual minimum temperature is 47.7 °F. As shown in Table 1, and as supplemented by Figure 1, both are projected to increase throughout the century. The average annual maximum temperature in Union City is projected to increase to 70.9 °F in the near-term and 72.5 °F in the midterm under high emissions. The average annual maximum temperature is projected to increase to 72.6 °F and 75.4 °F in the long-term under medium and high emissions, respectively. The average annual minimum temperature in Union City is projected to increase to 50.5 °F in the near-term and 52.1 °F in the midterm under high emissions. The average annual minimum temperature is projected to increase to 52.1 °F and 55.1 °F in the long-term under medium and high emissions, respectively (CEC 2022a). While temperatures are relatively low in Union City compared to other regions of the state, increased temperatures will influence other climate hazards that may result in adverse impacts.

TABLE 1
CHANGES IN AVERAGE ANNUAL TEMPERATURE THROUGH 2099
Union City
Annual Averages
Historic
(1961-
1990)
Near-Term1
(current2050)
Midterm1
(2040-
2069)
Long-Term (2070-2099)
Medium
Emissions
High
Emissions
Maximum
Temperature (°F) 67.2 70.9 72.5 72.6 75.4
Maximum
Temperature
Difference from
Historic (°F)
N/A +3.7 +5.3 +5.4 +8.2
Minimum
Temperature (°F) 47.7 50.5 52.1 52.1 55.1
Minimum
Temperature
Difference from
Historic (°F)
N/A +2.8 +4.4 +4.4 +7.4
Notes: °F = degrees Fahrenheit; N/A = not applicable; Medium Emissions = RCP 4.5; High Emissions = RCP 8.5 1 Projections for the near-term and midterm timescales are based on the High Emissions scenario, RCP 8.5, as recommended by the APG.

Source: CEC 2022a.

City Council/RSA Agenda 979 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 4 April 2023
FIGURE 1

OBSERVED AND PROJECTED AVERAGE ANNUAL MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE FROM 1950-2099
Union City
Notes: Medium Emissions = RCP 4.5; High Emissions = RCP 8.5.

Source: CEC 2022b.

Changes in Precipitation Patterns
According to Cal-Adapt, the historic average annual precipitation in Union City is 19.6 inches. As shown in Table 2, the average annual precipitation in Union City is projected to increase to 22.3 inches in the near-term and 22.2 inches in the midterm under high emissions. In the long-term, average annual precipitation is expected to increase to 22.2 inches under medium emissions, and 24.6 inches under high emissions (CEC 2022a).

While average annual precipitation in Union City is projected to trend upward in future years, overall precipitation patterns are also projected to change, with precipitation variability expected to continue, and potentially increase, over time across the San Francisco Bay Area, inclusive of Union City. Historically, precipitation in the San Francisco Bay Area exhibits “booms and busts,” which refers to the existence of both very wet years and very dry years (OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018b). The amount of precipitation that falls in any particular year is largely influenced by occurrences of large, discrete winter storms, which often provide a substantial fraction of the region’s annual precipitation. When these storms happen, they will likely become more intense, and potentially more damaging, in the coming decades. In general, periods of precipitation are projected to be wetter, but on an annual basis, there will likely be fewer total days with precipitation. Further, climate projections show a likely increase in extreme dry events, which may result in severe and prolonged drought (OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018b). Overall, the projected increase in average annual precipitation and changes in precipitation patterns through the end of the century will likely influence other climate hazards that may result in adverse impacts, similar to increased temperatures.

City Council/RSA Agenda 980 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 5 April 2023
TABLE 2
CHANGES IN AVERAGE ANNUAL PRECIPITATION THROUGH 2099
Union City
Annual Averages Historic
(1961-1990)
Near-Term1
(current-2050)
Midterm1
(2040-2069)
Long-Term (2070-2099)
Medium
Emissions
High
Emissions
Precipitation
(inches) 19.6 22.3 22.2 22.2 24.6
Precipitation
Difference from
Historic (inches)
N/A +2.7 +2.6 +2.6 +5.0
Notes: N/A = not applicable; Medium Emissions = RCP 4.5; High Emissions = RCP 8.5. 1 Projections for the near-term and midterm timescales are based on the High Emissions scenario, RCP 8.5, as recommended by the APG.

Source: CEC 2022a.

Sea Level Rise
Cal-Adapt provides probabilistic sea level rise projections under both medium and high emissions, which incorporate estimates of components that contribute to global and regional sea level rise (e.g., thermal expansion of seawater, glacier ice melt, glacial isostatic adjustments, etc.). The sea level rise projections under high emissions also incorporate relatively recent scientific findings on the potential for rapid demise of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, which could dramatically accelerate sea level rise in the latter decades of this century. The probabilistic framework is helpful because, despite substantial advances in the science of sea level rise, significant uncertainty remains in mid- and late-century projections of sea levels. Probabilistic sea level rise projections provide a range of possible outcomes in a framework that enables decision-makers to choose a number that is appropriate for their level of risk tolerance. Sea level rise scenarios presented in Cal-Adapt include the 50th percentile (i.e., middle estimate), 95th percentile (i.e., high estimate), and 99.9th percentile (i.e., extreme estimate) (CEC 2022c).

According to Cal-Adapt, the historic (1961-1990) maximum sea level at the San Francisco tide gauge station is 5.6 feet. The San Francisco tide gauge station was chosen for this analysis as it is the closest of 11-gauge stations across the state in proximity to Union City, and thus would provide the most relevant projections. Figure 2 displays the projected fraction of each year through 2099 that sea level would be over the historic maximum of 5.6 feet at the San Francisco tide gauge station under high emissions and each of the above noted sea level rise scenarios. As shown, it takes until roughly mid-century for each sea level rise scenario to start showing significant differences, but regardless of scenario, it is clear that sea level rise will occur. Sea level rise will influence future flooding in Union City, one of the climate hazards discussed later in this analysis, but it is worth noting that it also increases the risk of other hazards such as coastal erosion, seawater intrusion, and shoreline retreat.

Climate Hazards
Climate hazards are secondary effects that result from the initial impacts of increased GHG emissions (i.e., climate change effects), which include increased temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and sea level rise. The climate hazards relevant to Union City discussed in this analysis include extreme heat, wildfire, extreme precipitation and flooding, and drought.

City Council/RSA Agenda 981 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 6 April 2023
FIGURE 2
PROJECTED FRACTION OF YEAR THROUGH 2099 WITH SEA LEVEL ABOVE HISTORIC MAXIMUM SEA LEVEL UNDER A

HIGH EMISSIONS SCENARIO
San Francisco Tide Gauge
Note: High Emissions = RCP 8.5.

Source: CEC 2022c.

City Council/RSA Agenda 982 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 7 April 2023
Extreme Heat
The Cal-Adapt tool provides estimates of future instances of extreme heat events. Extreme heat events include extreme heat days and heat waves. Cal-Adapt defines an extreme heat day as a day when the daily maximum temperature exceeds the 98th historical percentile of daily maximum temperatures based on observed data from 1961-1990 between April and October. Heat waves are characterized as periods of sustained extreme heat and are defined by Cal-Adapt as four or more consecutive extreme heat days.

Extreme heat day thresholds vary significantly for different regions of the state due to various geographic, topographic, and climatological factors. The default extreme heat threshold for Union City is 90.0 °F, meaning 98 percent of all recorded maximum temperatures in this period (i.e., 1961-1990 between April and October) were below 90.0 °F. Historically (1961-1990), Union City experienced an average of 4.3 extreme heat days per year. As a result of rising temperatures from climate change, Union City is projected to experience 14.0 extreme heat days annually in the near-term and 18.5 extreme heat days annually in the midterm under high emissions. In the long-term, Union City is projected to experience 18.5 extreme heat days annually under medium emissions and 31.1 extreme heat days annually under high emissions. As a worst-case scenario, Union City has the potential to experience a maximum of 98 extreme heat days per year in the long-term under high emissions (CEC 2022d). While the worst-case scenario is unlikely to happen, it is important to consider for adaptation planning purposes. As shown in Table 3, the number of extreme heat days is already increasing from historic averages and will continue to increase through the end of the century.

While heat waves have historically been infrequent in Union City, with a historical average of less than one heat wave annually, climate change is expected to increase the frequency of heat waves. Under high emissions, Union City is projected to experience an average of one heat wave per year in the near-term and 1.7 heat waves per year in the midterm. Union City is projected to experience 1.6 heat waves per year in the long-term under medium emissions, and 3.6 heat waves per year in the long-term under high emissions. As a worst-case scenario, Union City has the potential to experience a maximum of 18 heat waves per year in the long-term under high emissions. The average number of days in the longest stretch of consecutive extreme heat days per year is also projected to increase substantially. Historically, the longest stretch of consecutive extreme heat days lasted for an average duration of approximately 2.3 days.

The longest stretch of consecutive extreme heat days is projected to increase to an average of 4.2 days in the near-term and 5.2 days in the midterm under high emissions. In the long-term, the duration is projected to increase to an average of 4.9 days under medium emissions, and 7.8 days under high emissions (CEC 2022d). The projected number of heat waves and number of days in the longest stretch of consecutive extreme heat days is shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3
CHANGES IN EXTREME HEAT EVENTS THROUGH 2099
Union City
Annual
Averages
Historic
(1961-
1990)
NearTerm1
(current2050)
Midterm1
(2040-
2069)
Long-Term (2070-2099)
Medium
Emissions
High
Emissions
High
Emissions
Maximum2
Number of
Extreme Heat
Days

4.3 14.0 18.5 18.5 31.1 98.0
Number of
Heat Waves3 0.2 1.0 1.7 1.6 3.6 18.0
City Council/RSA Agenda 983 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 8 April 2023
TABLE 3
CHANGES IN EXTREME HEAT EVENTS THROUGH 2099
Union City
Annual
Averages
Historic
(1961-
1990)
NearTerm1
(current2050)
Midterm1
(2040-
2069)
Long-Term (2070-2099)
Medium
Emissions
High
Emissions
High
Emissions
Maximum2
Number of
Days in
Longest
Stretch of
Consecutive
Extreme Heat
Days

2.3 4.2 5.2 4.9 7.8 27.0
Notes: N/A = not applicable; Medium Emissions = RCP 4.5; High Emissions = RCP 8.5. 1 Projections for the near-term and midterm timescales are based on the High Emissions scenario, RCP 8.5, as recommended by the APG.
2 “High Emissions Maximum” refers to the maximum modeled value (i.e., worst-case scenario) within the long-term timescale under RCP 8.5. 3 A heat wave is characterized as a period of sustained extreme heat and is defined by Cal-Adapt as four or more consecutive extreme heat days.

Source: CEC 2022d.

Wildfire
Historically, attention to wildfire in the state has mostly focused on the Sierra Nevada and Southern California, but recent large and destructive wildfires in the San Francisco Bay Area have rapidly shifted attention to the ongoing risks in this region, inclusive of Union City and Alameda County (OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018b). Using a statistical model based on historical data of climate, vegetation, population density, and large fire history, Cal-Adapt provides projections for future annual mean acres that are anticipated to burn within the San Francisco Bay Area when wildfires do occur. It is important to note that Cal-Adapt does not account for current or planned wildfire management projects. Table 4 displays the projected change in average annual area burned within the San Francisco Bay Area under high emissions for the near-term and midterm timescales, and under both emissions scenarios, medium and high emissions, for the long-term timescale. The modeled historic average annual area burned in the San Francisco Bay Area is 20,281 acres. The average annual area burned in the San Francisco Bay Area is projected to increase to 23,141 acres in the near-term and 26,035 acres in the midterm under high emissions. The average annual area burned is projected to increase to 25,381 acres in the long-term under medium emissions, and 27,065 acres in the long-term under high emissions. As a worst-case scenario, the San Francisco Bay Area has the potential to experience 51,554 acres in average annual area burned in the long-term under high emissions (CEC 2022e). While the worst-case scenario is unlikely to happen, it is important to consider for adaptation planning purposes.

City Council/RSA Agenda 984 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 9 April 2023
TABLE 4
CHANGES IN AVERAGE ANNUAL AREA BURNED THROUGH 2099
San Francisco Bay Area
Annual
Averages
Historic1
(1961-
1990)
NearTerm2
(current2050)
Midterm2
(2040-
2069)
Long-Term (2070-2099)
Medium
Emissions
High
Emissions
High
Emissions
Maximum3
Area Burned
(acres) 20,281 23,141 26,035 25,381 27,065 51,554
Area Burned
Difference
from Historic
(acres)
N/A +2,860 +5,754 +5,100 +6,784 +31,273
Notes: N/A = not applicable; Medium Emissions = RCP 4.5; High Emissions = RCP 8.5. 1 Observed historical average annual area burned data were not available from Cal-Adapt; the modeled historical average annual area burned data under the Medium Emissions scenario, RCP 4.5, were available and used as proxy data.
2 Projections for the near-term and midterm timescales are based on the High Emissions scenario, RCP 8.5, as recommended by the APG.
3 “High Emissions Maximum” refers to the maximum modeled value (i.e., worst-case scenario) within the long-term timescale under RCP 8.5.

Source: CEC 2022e.

Extreme Precipitation and Flooding
In the Cal-Adapt tool, extreme precipitation events are defined as events where two-day rainfall totals are above an extreme threshold (i.e., days having precipitation at or exceeding the 95th percentile). For Union City, this threshold is approximately 1.1 inches over a two-day period. According to Cal-Adapt, Union City has historically experienced an average of 1.3 extreme precipitation events per year from 1961-1990. Under high emissions, Union City is expected to experience 1.8 extreme precipitation events per year in the near-term and 2.1 extreme precipitation events per year in the midterm. In the long-term, Union City is projected to experience 2.1 extreme precipitation events per year under medium emissions, and 3.3 extreme precipitation events per year under high emissions. Additionally, as a worst-case scenario, there is the potential to have as many as 13 extreme precipitation events per year in the long-term under high emissions (CEC 2022f). Changes in extreme precipitation events in Union City are shown in Table 5. Though the table displays an increase in the average annual number of extreme precipitation events through the end of the century, it is important to note that the quantity of extreme precipitation events in Union City may vary considerably year-to-year due to California’s highly variable climate setting. However, as the climate continues to warm, atmospheric rivers, responsible for many of the extreme precipitation events across the state, will carry more moisture and may make extreme precipitation events more severe (Polade et al. 2017).

City Council/RSA Agenda 985 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 10 April 2023
TABLE 5
CHANGES IN EXTREME PRECIPITATION EVENTS THROUGH 2099
Union City
Annual
Averages
Historic
(1961-
1990)
NearTerm1
(current2050)
Midterm1
(2040-
2069)
Long-Term (2070-2099)
Medium
Emissions
High
Emissions
High
Emissions
Maximum2
Number of
Extreme
Precipitation
Events

1.3 1.8 2.1 2.1 3.3 13.0
Number of
Extreme
Precipitation
Events
Difference
from Historic
N/A +0.5 +0.8 +0.8 +2.0 +11.7
Notes: N/A = not applicable; Medium Emissions = RCP 4.5; High Emissions = RCP 8.5. 1 Projections for the near-term and midterm timescales are based on the High Emissions scenario, RCP 8.5, as recommended by the APG.
2 “High Emissions Maximum” refers to the maximum modeled value (i.e., worst-case scenario) within the long-term timescale under RCP 8.5.

Source: CEC 2022f.

As the potential for more extreme precipitation events to occur on an annual basis increases through the end of the century, Union City may also experience an increase in the frequency and intensity of flood events. Though the occurrence of extreme precipitation events is a major source of flooding in Union City, and will increasingly be so in the future, it is not the only source. Sea level rise is another major source of flooding in Union City, as rising sea levels will not only put new areas at risk of coastal flooding but will also increase the likelihood and intensity of floods in areas already at risk. Figure 3 shows the projected maximum inundation depth in the county during a likely 100-year storm event and sea level rise of 52 inches. As shown, the western end of Union City near the San Francisco Bay would be most significantly affected in this, and any, sea level rise scenario.

Drought
As shown in Table 2 above, under both medium and high emissions scenarios, Union City is expected to experience slight overall increases in average annual precipitation through the end of the century.

However, in addition to these slight increases in average annual precipitation, overall precipitation patterns are projected to change, with precipitation variability expected to increase substantially. The state as a whole, inclusive of Union City and the San Francisco Bay Area, has a highly variable climate that is susceptible to prolonged periods of drought, and recent research suggests that extended drought occurrences (i.e., a “mega-drought”) could become more pervasive in future decades (CEC 2022g).

City Council/RSA Agenda 986 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 11 April 2023
FIGURE 3
INUNDATION DEPTH WITH SEA LEVEL RISE OF 52 INCHES DURING A 100-YEAR STORM EVENT Union City
Source: Data downloaded from Bay Conservation and Development Commission in 2022. Adapted by Ascent Environmental in 2023.

City Council/RSA Agenda 987 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 12 April 2023
Cal-Adapt uses data to simulate an extended drought scenario for all of California from 2051 to 2070 under high emissions and the HadGEM2-ES climate model, which represents a “warmer/drier” simulation. The extended drought scenario is based on the average annual precipitation over 20 years. This average value equates to 78 percent of the historical median annual precipitation averaged for the North Coast and Sierra California Climate Tracker regions. As shown in Table 2, Union City’s observed historic (1961-1990) average annual precipitation is 19.6 inches. Under the anticipated extended drought scenario between 2051 and 2070, Union City’s average annual precipitation would decrease to 16.8 inches, as shown in Figure 4 (CEC 2022g).

Union City, along with the entire San Francisco Bay Area, is projected to experience extended drought periods like this as a result of climate change, and without effective adaptations, future droughts will challenge the management of the region’s water supplies (OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018b).

FIGURE 4

PROJECTED PRECIPITATION LEVELS UNDER AN EXTENDED DROUGHT SCENARIO AND HIGH EMISSIONS FROM 2051-2070
Union City
2023
Note: High Emissions = RCP 8.5.

Source: CEC 2022h.

Potential Impacts
The above discussion on climate change effects and climate hazards provides a glimpse as to what each of those effects and hazards are projected to look like in Union City in the future. This section is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the major, overarching types of potential impacts that will likely result from each of the above climate change effects and climate hazards. Because of the broad array of potential impacts that exist as a result of climate change, this section should serve as a snapshot of some of the impacts that may affect Union City. There is potential for other impacts that are not presented here.

Air Quality Degradation
Climate change is expected to worsen air quality problems by increasing the frequency, duration, and intensity of conditions conducive to air pollution formation. Increased temperatures and extreme heat intensifies the photochemical reactions that produce smog, ground-level ozone, and fine particulate matter measuring 2.5 microns or smaller (PM2.5) (CDPH 2017). Additionally, regional wildfire-linked air pollution, coupled with potential future drought conditions, can further degrade air quality in Union City. More information about the air quality in Union City can be found in Chapter 9, Natural and Cultural Resources.

City Council/RSA Agenda 988 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 13 April 2023
Buildings and Infrastructure
Climate hazards have the potential to significantly impact Union City’s buildings and infrastructure.

Increased temperatures and extreme heat events are likely to affect Union City’s built environment primarily through changes in energy use, as well as disproportionate impacts on individuals residing in units that do not have air conditioning. Cal-Adapt provides data on the shifts in Cooling Degree Days and Heating Degree Days, which are measurements used to assess the energy demand needed for cooling and heating buildings in different climate zones throughout California. A “degree day” does not equate to a single day of the year, but rather compares the average outdoor temperatures recorded for a location to a standard temperature (i.e., 65 °F). For example, if the average temperature for a day is 80 °F, the day has 15 Cooling Degree Days (80 – 65 = 15). Degree days are referenced in the State’s Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards to help design the energy demand needed for heating and cooling in the various climate zones throughout the state. To illustrate how climate change is likely to affect energy demand for heating and cooling in the future, Table 6 includes the relative shift in Cooling Degree Days and Heating Degree Days in Union City through 2099. As displayed, Union City is projected to have significant decreases in Heating Degree Days and significant increases in Cooling Degree Days through the end of the century, most notably with a 524.2 percent increase in Cooling Degree Days in the longterm under high emissions (CEC 2022h). These projections correlate to an overall significant increase in cooling costs through the end of the century, with a slight decrease in heating costs. Additionally, increased temperatures can exacerbate existing urban heat islands in densely populated areas, like Union City, adding to the risk of extreme heat (CDPH 2017).

TABLE 6
CHANGES IN HEATING AND COOLING DEGREE DAYS THROUGH 2099 Union City 2023
Annual
Averages
Historic
(1961-1990)
Near-Term1
(current-2050)
Midterm1
(2040-2069)
Long-Term (2070-2099)
Medium
Emissions
High
Emissions
Number of
Heating Degree
Days
3,001 2,213 1,882 1,871 1,362
Percent Change
in Heating
Degree Days
from Historic
(%)
N/A -26.3 -37.3 -37.6 -54.6
Number of
Cooling Degree
Days
232 652 897 891 1,449
Percent Change
in Cooling
Degree Days
from Historic
(%)
N/A +180.9 +286.5 +283.7 +524.2
Notes: N/A = not applicable; Medium Emissions = RCP 4.5; High Emissions = RCP 8.5. 1 Projections for the near-term and midterm timescales are based on the High Emissions scenario, RCP 8.5, as recommended by the APG.

Source: CEC 2022h.

City Council/RSA Agenda 989 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 14 April 2023
In addition to the impacts of increased temperatures and extreme heat on buildings and energy use, transportation systems will also be affected. Transportation infrastructure is designed and constructed to withstand certain variabilities in weather and temperature based on observations of historical weather trends for specific climate regions. The performance of transportation infrastructure may begin to decline when the severity of extreme heat periods exceeds historical ranges. For example, extreme heat could cause pavement discontinuities and deformation, increase the risk of buckling of highways and railroad tracks, and may cause premature deterioration of transportation infrastructure, decreasing transportation safety and creating higher maintenance costs (Caltrans 2018). Air conditioning units in buses are placed under increased stress and risk of failure when maximum daily temperatures reach 100 °F, which is a temperature threshold Union City has rarely exceeded historically but may exceed more frequently over time (Cambridge Systematics 2015).

Further, while regional bridges are designed to expand during periods of extreme heat, projected increases in extreme heat events could go beyond design criteria, resulting in cracking and crushing of the roadway deck, as well as increased maintenance costs (Transportation Research Board 2008).

Flooding resulting from sea level rise or extreme precipitation events also has the potential to severely impact Union City’s residential and nonresidential buildings and infrastructure, including critical infrastructure. There are approximately 4,175 acres (i.e., 33.9 percent of the total acreage) within Union City that fall within the 100-year floodplain, which is defined as an area that has a 1 percent chance (i.e., 1-in-100 chance) of experiencing a flood in any given year (City of Union City and City of Newark 2017). Transportation infrastructure, along with other critical facilities (e.g., electric distribution lines, police stations, community health centers) are at direct risk of flooding-induced scouring, which is the removal of sediment, such as sand and gravel, caused by swiftly moving water and compromising the integrity of the structure. Sea level rise, and more specifically, coastal flooding and storm surge, can dramatically affect transportation routes in Union City and the integrity of existing transportation infrastructure. The projected increases in annual precipitation and extreme precipitation events will likely increase the vulnerability of these structures in the future. Flooding can cause underground utilities, along with water and sewer systems, to be damaged, or otherwise adversely affected via high inflow and infiltration. Sea water backflow resulting from coastal flooding in the San Francisco Bay can impair coastal sanitation drainage systems during flood events, requiring costly upgrades and alterations.

Facilities that are known to manufacture, process, store, or use hazardous materials could be damaged during flooding events. If damaged, these facilities, or containers holding these materials, could release chemicals that are detrimental to human health and the environment.

Increased regional wildfire risk also poses threats to Union City’s buildings and infrastructure, both directly and indirectly. Union City has thousands of acres of open hillsides to the east that are at direct risk of wildfires (City of Union City and City of Newark 2017). While the areas at direct risk of wildfires in Union City are, in general, more sparsely populated, residential and nonresidential buildings and infrastructure are still present and can be adversely affected. Transportation infrastructure in Union City may not typically sustain significant damages during wildfire events, but wildfires can create conditions that result in the obstruction of roads and bridges due to fallen trees, downed power lines, and other debris.

Economic Growth and Stability
Economic impacts due to climate change will likely affect all sectors of the economy with negative consequences. A study conducted in 2008 by the University of California, Berkeley, and Next10, estimated that if no action is taken, potential statewide direct costs due to climate change-induced damage could exceed tens of billions of dollars annually, with even higher direct economic costs and placing trillions of dollars of real estate at risk. Consequently, the economic well-being of communities declines with higher risk and greater uncertainty about the future. Residents, businesses, and public agencies will likely see everyday costs for food and services increase. Costs will increase to cover energy, water, food, and health-related issues, leaving less money for discretionary household spending, business investment and profits, and government services.

City Council/RSA Agenda 990 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 15 April 2023
Water is crucial for the economy, as virtually every sector relies on it to grow and ultimately sustain their business. Water costs will likely rise due to increased demands for potable, landscaping, and irrigation water use (e.g., metered water cost increases) and scarcity of and competition for water supplies. Some businesses claim water availability is a bigger challenge than energy security. Water shortages and reduced water quality may result in regulatory caps for water use and conflicts between local businesses and communities.

Food prices are expected to increase as the agricultural sector in California may experience lower yields and shifting crop patterns due to some climate hazards, such as extreme heat, drought, and extreme precipitation. Crops can become damaged from these climate hazards and operation costs may increase (e.g., irrigation water costs).

Workforce productivity may be more frequently disrupted by health impacts to residents and employees resulting from climate change via vector- and water-borne diseases, heat-related illnesses, and increased demand for and costs of health care. Industries that primarily conduct their activities outdoors (e.g., construction) may be at even higher risk as more frequent, unhealthy working conditions become more common (e.g., increased temperatures, air quality degradation, heat waves). Workers may be harmed when climate hazards, such as floods, may cause them to lose their jobs or sense of livelihoods. The indirect effects of climate change also may lead to similar outcomes, as businesses may physically move away from areas with greater climate risk to less risky areas.

Finally, property damage is another potential impact of climate hazards. Preparation for and adaptation to new and changing conditions will likely generate new costs that were not necessary to address similar concerns in the past. Residents, businesses, and other stakeholders in the city may see increased costs for maintenance and upgrades to address these issues, or to make repairs in the event of damage. As climate change generates changing conditions not often experienced in the past, preparation and adaptation will be more costly in terms of requiring new information, institutions, infrastructure, and behaviors.

Environmental Protection
Climate change effects will have broad impacts on local and regional ecosystems, habitats, and wildlife as temperatures increase, precipitation patterns change, and more extreme weather events occur. Although species have adapted to environmental changes for millions of years, a quickly changing climate could require adaptation on larger and faster scales than in the past. Similarly, the timing of many natural events, such as growing seasons and migrations, are linked to temperature, moisture availability, and amount of daylight.

Changes in weather patterns and extreme events associated with climate change will disrupt these natural patterns. Species that cannot adapt are at risk of extinction. Even the loss of a single species can have subsequent impacts on other species connected through food webs and other relationships. Climate change is expected to radically and quickly change the ecosystems that many plants and animals rely on for survival.

Some species will be able to adapt to changing habitats by shifting their range or altitudes in order to adjust to rising temperatures. However, others might not be able to adapt fast enough to keep pace with the rate of climate change. Climate change may even allow some species to increase the range of habitat where they can live; however, plants and animals that need to move to survive may find wildlife corridors blocked or face competition from other species.

The risk of extinction could increase for many species, especially those that are already endangered or at risk due to isolation by geography or human development, low population numbers, or a narrow temperature tolerance range. Additionally, as species move to more favorable areas, new competitions for food and resources may form. Some species that thrive may be invasive (not native to a region) and could gradually drive out or even kill native species.

City Council/RSA Agenda 991 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 16 April 2023
As temperatures increase, California vegetation is expected to change. Desert and grassland vegetation is projected to increase while forest vegetation is projected to generally decline. The natural cycle of plant flowering and pollination, as well as the temperature conditions necessary for a thriving locally adapted agriculture, may also be affected. Perennial crops, such as grapes, may take years to recover. Increased temperatures also provide a foothold for invasive species of weeds, insects, and animals.

The increased flow and salinity of water resources could seriously affect habitat and food sources for fish that are of both economic and recreational interest to residents. Native fish such as salmon are vulnerable to floods, which deposit silt on their eggs. Freshwater fish such as Coho salmon and steelhead trout are at risk of extinction as water temperatures rise with global temperatures. Other animals are affected by changing weather patterns and events.

Sea level rise would result in the erosion of beaches, bay shores, river deltas, marshes, and wetlands, and would increase the salinity of estuaries, marshes, rivers, and aquifers. This increased salinity has the potential to damage or destroy crops in low-lying farmlands, and has serious impacts on water supplies.

Flooding also threatens natural resources.

Health and Safety
Respiratory Illness
Respiratory illnesses can be caused or exacerbated by several climate hazards, including extreme heat, wildfires, and drought. Most notably, regional wildfires can contribute to respiratory illnesses through smoke-related air pollution and PM2.5. Burning structures and vehicles can also release high levels of toxins, creating greater health risks compared to vegetation fires. Drought conditions can lead to increased wildfire risk and soil erosion, thus also increasing the risk for causing or exacerbating respiratory illnesses.

Heat-related Illness
Increased temperatures and extreme heat exacerbated by climate change are one of the primary health concerns across California, and the entire population of Union City will be increasingly exposed to this climate hazard through the end of the century. Across the state, with no exception to Union City and Alameda County, extreme heat ranks amongst the deadliest of all hazards (CNRA 2022). Increased temperatures that manifest in sustained periods of extreme heat can directly impact Union City’s populations through heat stroke and other heat-related illnesses of varying severity, and can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, kidney failure, and preterm births (CDPH 2017; LAO 2022). Non-fatal heat stroke, specifically, can result in severe mental status changes, seizures, loss of consciousness, and abnormal cardiac rhythm (Cal EPA and CDPH 2013). Additionally, extreme heat can exacerbate other pre-existing conditions in certain vulnerable populations, such as the medically fragile and chronically ill, and people that work long hours outdoors, such as those working in construction, transportation, or utility maintenance, are at heightened exposure and risk to increased temperatures and extreme heat.

Vector-borne Diseases
As climate change affects meteorological variables across California (e.g., temperature, humidity, precipitation), some areas could become more suitable habitats for insects, ticks, and mites that may carry diseases. Wetter regions are typically more susceptible to vector-borne diseases, especially human hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, Lyme disease, and West Nile virus, though vector-borne diseases may also thrive during drought conditions. The amount and pattern of precipitation, as well as warmer winter weather, affects the abundance of vector habitat and food supply. Union City is projected to have warmer winters that may attract vector populations (e.g., mosquito inhabited still-water pools may become more prolific). Floods can also increase the food supply available to rodents that may transmit Lyme City Council/RSA Agenda 992 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 17 April 2023
disease, plague, tularemia, and rickettsial infections. In each of these cases, the increase in vector-borne disease occurrences is expected to impact public health and increase demand on health care systems.

Overall, climate change alters the range, biogeography, and growth of vector-borne diseases (CDPH 2017).

Social Vulnerability
While all persons in Union City will experience impacts from climate change, some populations are more vulnerable to potential impacts due to a variety of factors. Vulnerable populations are those that “experience heightened risk and increased sensitivity to climate change and have less capacity and fewer resources to cope with, adapt to, or recover from climate impacts” (OPR 2018). These disproportionate effects are caused by physical, social, political, and economic factors, which are exacerbated by climate impacts. Some of these factors include race, class, sexual orientation and gender identification, national origin, and income inequality, among others (OPR 2018). These factors can often be the result of historic inequitable planning processes (Lynn et al. 2011).

Within Union City, there exists an array of populations vulnerable to the effects of climate change. The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, is a tool intended to assist local planners in better preparing for and responding to hazards by identifying and mapping areas where populations are most likely to need support before, during, and after a hazardous event, including those linked to or exacerbated by climate change. The SVI groups 15 distinct census-derived factors (e.g., poverty, lack of vehicle access, crowded housing) into four themes (i.e., socioeconomic status, household composition/disability, race/ethnicity/language, housing type/transportation) that summarize the extent to which an area is socially vulnerable to hazards. Figure 5 displays the SVI for Union City. As shown, the most vulnerable populations are primarily in the central areas of the city, with a medium-high level of vulnerability. Areas to the west and east of the central city are rated with low -medium and low levels of vulnerability. Specific vulnerable populations in Union City include, but are not limited to, children, pregnant people, the elderly, communities of color, linguistically isolated communities, individuals experiencing homelessness, lowincome individuals, individuals with access and functional needs, workers in vulnerable occupations, and those with preexisting health issues. It is important to plan for all groups that, for one reason or another, lack available resources or capacity to react or adapt to the impacts of climate change.

Water Supply and Quality
Climate change is expected to increase the pressure on and competition for water resources, worsening water supplies that are already scarce because of ongoing drought conditions. Decreased snowpack and spring stream flows and increased demand for water from a growing population and hotter climate could lead to increasing water shortages. Water supplies are also at risk from rising sea levels.

The San Francisco Bay Area is expected to experience reduced reservoir supplies and river flows as a result of increased temperatures and reduced snowpack in the Sierra Nevada. Conversely, the region may experience more intense rainfall events that could increase demand for reservoir capacity to provide for water capture and storage. As a result, water supplies are expected to decrease and water yields from reservoirs are expected to become more unreliable. As temperatures rise, water demands are expected to increase and could result in a longer season of peak treated water demands. Competition for water is expected to increase among cities, farmers, and the environment.

City Council/RSA Agenda 993 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 18 April 2023
FIGURE 5

UNION CITY SOCIAL VULNERABILITY INDEX
Source: ATSDR 2022.

City Council/RSA Agenda 994 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 19 April 2023
Changes to air and land temperatures will have an impact on the timing, amount, type, and location of precipitation and runoff. This will impact the quantity of water supplies, the management of those quantities, the quality of source water, and the demand for treated drinking water. Changes in source water quantity and quality may impact the treatment necessary to produce potable drinking water. These changes could result in additional required treatment processes and increased costs for treated drinking water.

Adaptive Capacity
Adaptive capacity refers to a community’s current and future ability to address climate change and its associated effects and impacts. A review of Union City’s existing policies, plans, programs, and resources, as well as those from relevant regional and State agencies and organizations, informed this assessment of Union City’s current ability to minimize vulnerability to hazards and adapt to climate change over the longterm. While there is some level of existing adaptive capacity, these efforts do not comprehensively identify all the strategies and actions that will need to be implemented by Union City and other agencies to adequately address the full scope and magnitude of potential impacts from climate change. Climate change will increase the frequency and severity of some hazards in the future, requiring updates to emergency response and land use planning, new policies and programs, and new strategic partnerships.

Existing Planning Efforts
This section summarizes current State, regional, and local planning efforts that account for climate change and its associated effects, hazards, and impacts. It should be noted that though this section presents an array of planning efforts, it is not all-encompassing, as additional policies, plans, programs, and resources may be available that address climate change within Union City. This section should serve as a high-level overview, and the planning efforts that are reviewed and summarized are arranged alphabetically. 2017 Clean Air Plan: Spare the Air, Cool the Climate
Prepared by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) and adopted in 2017, the 2017 Clean Air Plan: Spare the Air, Cool the Climate (Clean Air Plan) encompasses the entire San Francisco Bay Area, inclusive of Union City, and focuses on two closely related goals, which includes protecting public health and protecting the climate. The Clean Air Plan describes a multi-pollutant strategy to simultaneously reduce emissions and ambient concentrations of ozone, PM2.5, toxic air contaminants, as well as GHGs that contribute to climate change. Additionally, it describes a vision for a thriving region with clean air, a stable climate, a robust natural environment, and a prosperous and sustainable economy (BAAQMD 2017).

Adapting to Rising Tides, Bay Area: Regional Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Study
Prepared in March 2020, the Adapting to Rising Tides, Bay Area: Regional Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Study (ART Bay Area Report) presents a story of what consequences the San Francisco Bay Area may face as sea levels rise in the absence of coordinated, prioritized adaptation efforts. The ART Bay Area Report represents a commitment by many agencies to proactively manage the functionality and sustainability of critical regional assets in an uncertain future, and it speaks directly to the San Francisco Bay Area’s most critical regional transportation and land use plan, Plan Bay Area 2050 (ART 2020).

CAL FIRE Santa Clara Unit: Strategic Fire Plan
The CAL FIRE Santa Clara Unit: Strategic Fire Plan (SFP), prepared in 2022, identifies and prioritizes pre-fire and post-fire management strategies and tactics meant to reduce the loss of values at risk within the SRA and Mutual Threat Zones within the jurisdiction of the Santa Clara Unit (SCU), which includes Union City. Additionally, the SFP provides planning information on a Unit-wide scale; recognizes the City Council/RSA Agenda 995 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 20 April 2023
variation in fuels, weather, topography, and community/agency priorities present in each area the Unit serves; and recommends measures to reduce the ignitability of structures throughout the SCU’s jurisdiction (CAL FIRE 2022).

California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment: San Francisco Bay Area Region Report The San Francisco Bay Area Region Report (SFBA Report) of California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment, published in January 2019, is one of a series of nine regional climate vulnerability assessments in California that provide an overview of region-specific climate science and anticipated climate-related changes, specific strategies to adapt to climate impacts, and key research gaps needed to safeguard the region from climate change. The SFBA Report breaks down regional vulnerability by ecosystems and biodiversity, water resources, and communities and provides adaptation strategies applicable to Union City (OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018b).

Caltrans Climate Change Vulnerability Assessments: District 4 Technical Report The Caltrans Climate Change Vulnerability Assessments: District 4 Technical Report (District 4 Report), created in 2018, was developed for the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and summarizes the climate change-specific vulnerabilities of the portion of the State Highway System (SHS) located in Caltrans District 4, which encompasses Union City. The report is divided into sections by climate stressor (e.g., wildfire, temperature, precipitation) and each section presents how that climate stressor is changing, the data used to assess SHS vulnerabilities from that stressor, and the methodology for how that data was developed. Additionally, the District 4 Report outlines a recommended framework for prioritizing projects that might be considered by Caltrans in the future (Caltrans 2018).

Climate Change and Health Profile Report: Alameda County Primarily produced by the California Department of Public Health (CDPH), the Climate Change and Health Profile Report: Alameda County (CCHPR) seeks to provide a county-level summary of information on current and projected risks from climate change and potential health impacts, which includes Union City. The CCHPR represents a synthesis of information on climate change and health for communities based on recently published reports of State agencies and other public data. It is part of a suite of tools that is being developed by CDPH to support local, regional, and statewide efforts of the public health sector to build healthy, equitable, resilient, and adaptive communities ready to meet the challenges of climate change (CDPH 2017).

Community Wildfire Protection Plan 2015 Update: Alameda County The Community Wildfire Protection Plan 2015 Update: Alameda County (CWPP) was prepared by the Diablo Fire Safe Council. The CWPP provides a comprehensive, scientifically based analysis of wildfire related to the hazards and risk in the wildland-urban interface areas of Alameda County, inclusive of Union City. The CWPP follows the standards for community wildfire protection plans that have been established by the federal Healthy Forest Restoration Act by identifying and prioritizing fuel reduction opportunities across Alameda County, addressing structural ignitability, and collaborating with stakeholders (DFSC 2015).

Union City/Newark Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Prepared in 2017, the Union City/Newark Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP) is a federally compliant plan for hazard mitigation planning that intends to reduce risks from hazards, such as some of the climate hazards previously discussed. Federal regulations require periodic updates of hazard mitigation plans, and the MJHMP serves as an update to the 2010 version. The guiding principle of the MJHMP states:
“through partnerships, maintain and enhance the disaster resistance of Union City and Newark by reducing the City Council/RSA Agenda 996 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 21 April 2023
potential loss of life, property, damage, and environmental degradation from natural disasters, while accelerating economic recovery from those disasters.” (City of Union City and City of Newark 2017).

Union City Climate Action Plan
The Union City Climate Action Plan (CAP), adopted in 2010, was created with the target of reducing GHG emissions 20 percent below 2005 levels by the year 2020. The CAP examines sectors such as land use, transportation, buildings and energy, water conservation, and waste reduction, among others, and sets out strategies that require the full commitment and involvement of local residents and businesses to help the community move towards a lower carbon future. Though the focus of the CAP is to reduce GHG emissions, many of the strategies also intersect with climate change adaptation and are intended to make Union City a more attractive place to live through decreased traffic congestion, better air quality, cheaper energy and water bills, less waste, greener streets, and more local jobs. An update to the CAP is scheduled to begin in late 2023.

Urban Water Management Plan 2020-2025
The Urban Water Management Plan 2020-2025 (UWMP), prepared by the Alameda County Water District (ACWD), which serves the vast majority of Union City residents, was developed in response to the State’s Urban Water Management Planning Act, which requires that every urban water supplier prepare and adopt an urban water management plan and update the plan every 5 years. This version of the UWMP is the eighth plan adopted by ACWD’s Board of Directors. The UWMP specifically outlines past, current, and future water use, sources of water supply and water supply strategy, groundwater management, demand management, and water recycling, and is required to account for climate change in risk assessments and future projections (ACWD 2021a).

Water Shortage Contingency Plan
The Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP), which is a separately prepared chapter within the UWMP, serves to detail the generalized actions that ACWD would take in an actual water shortage emergency under various degrees of severity (ACWD 2021b). In addition to the generalized actions that ACWD would take in an emergency, the WSCP also includes a water supply reliability analysis and annual water supply and demand assessment procedures.

Summary of Existing Planning Efforts
Table 7 identifies the specific climate hazards covered under each of the plans and reports presented above. As shown in the table, multiple planning efforts address the climate hazards that are expected to affect Union City.

Most of the policies provided in existing plans are broad-based strategies to reduce risk from climate change.

Thus, it is important to note that an emphasis on specific and targeted policies should continue to be developed to improve the resilience of the most vulnerable populations and assets in Union City.

City Council/RSA Agenda 997 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 22 April 2023
TABLE 7

SUMMARY OF EXISTING PLANNING EFFORTS
Union City 2023
Plan or Report Prepared
By
Climate Hazards
Extreme
Heat Wildfire
Sea Level Rise1,
Extreme
Precipitation
and Flooding
Drought
2017 Clean Air Plan:

Spare the Air, Cool
the Climate
BAAQMD  
Adapting to Rising
Tides, Bay Area:

Regional Sea Level
Rise Vulnerability
and Adaptation Study
BCDC 
CAL FIRE Santa
Clara Unit: Strategic
Fire Plan
CAL FIRE 
California’s Fourth
Climate Change
Assessment: San
Francisco Bay Area
Region Report

OPR, CEC,
and CNRA
   
Caltrans Climate
Change Vulnerability
Assessments: District
4 Technical Report
Caltrans   
Climate Change and
Health Profile Report:

Alameda County
CDPH    
Community Wildfire
Protection Plan 2015
Update: Alameda
County
DFSC  
Union City/Newark
Multi-Jurisdictional
Hazard Mitigation
Plan
City of Union
City and City
of Newark
   
Union City Climate
Action Plan
City of Union
City
   
Urban Water
Management Plan
2020-2025
ACWD  
Water Shortage
Contingency Plan ACWD 
City Council/RSA Agenda 998 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 23 April 2023
Notes: ACWD = Alameda County Water District; BAAQMD = Bay Area Air Quality Management District; BCDC = Bay Conservation and Development Commission; CAL FIRE = California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection; Caltrans = California Department of Transportation; CDPH = California Department of Public Health; DFSC = Diablo Fire Safe Council; OPR, CEC, and CNRA = California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, California Energy Commission, and California Natural Resources Agency. 1 Sea Level Rise was presented as a Climate Change Effect but is considered a Climate Hazard in this table.

Source: Ascent Environmental 2022.

In addition to the plans and reports presented above, there is an array of more specific policies, projects, and programs that strengthen the adaptive capacity of Union City to climate change effects and climate hazards. Some of these policies, projects, and programs are enacted by Union City, and some are enacted by Alameda County t or other regional partners. For example, Union City has an entire section of its Municipal Code dedicated to flood hazard reduction, including flood standards for new construction (e.g., anchoring, construction materials and methods, elevation and floodproofing), for utilities, and for subdivisions, among others. Additionally, Union City’s award-winning “H Street Green Street Improvement Project,” completed in 2018, was a sustainable redevelopment project that created lowimpact, green infrastructure that mimics natural systems to provide essential stormwater drainage, increased groundwater recharge, and intends to reduce the urban heat island effect, among many other benefits (City of Union City 2022). A broader, county-level program that is intended to save lives during hazard events (e.g., floods, extreme heat, wildfire) is known as “AC Alert.” AC Alert is a mass notification system that residents within Alameda County, including Union City, can opt into and is capable of rapidly disseminating hazard-related alerts by voice, text, or email, as well as messaging Nixle subscribers, posting to social media pages, and sending FEMA wireless alerts (County of Alameda 2022).

This is an important program, as robust and far-reaching alert or warning systems is essential in saving lives, especially in the context of climate change and worsening hazards. There are many additional policies, projects, and programs that address climate hazards within Union City, but the ones presented here are intended to provide a brief insight into the various types of activities that are being conducted to make Union City more resilient in the face of climate change.

When it comes to climate change, Union City’s adaptive capacity is largely influenced by its multipronged approach of enacting local policies and projects, collaborating on local and regional plans and reports, and coordinating with the Alameda County government and other regional organizations to effectively manage programs that are intended to protect Union City’s populations and assets. Over time, each of these plans, reports, policies, and programs should continue to be reevaluated and strategically reworked to account for changing hazard profiles influenced by climate change.

Climate Change Vulnerability
Climate change vulnerability is based on the magnitude of risk to and potential impacts on populations, the built environment, and community functions, while considering the current level of adaptive capacity in place to mitigate these impacts. Though potential impacts associated with climate change will always exist to some degree, the severity of those impacts can be diminished by improving adaptive capacity to better account for changing hazard profiles. Union City’s vulnerability to climate change and its associated effects and impacts should be reassessed and monitored over time to inform the development and prioritization of adaptation strategies that may be implemented by the City and partner agencies.

Existing planning efforts will need to be continually built upon to minimize the level of vulnerability to climate change experienced within the city.

City Council/RSA Agenda 999 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 24 April 2023
Regulatory Setting
Federal
Executive Order 14008. Executive Order (EO) 14008, titled "Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad” and signed by President Biden on January 27, 2021, officially had the United States rejoin the Paris Agreement, created a Special Presidential Envoy for Climate, and called for the development of a climate finance plan. Additionally, EO 14008 tackles climate action plans, data, and information products to improve adaptation and increase resilience, and calls for sustainable infrastructure and millions of green jobs, among other actions to mitigate and adapt to the effects and impacts of climate change.

Federal Emergency Management Agency. In March 2003 the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) became part of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. FEMA's continuing mission within the new department is to lead the effort to prepare the nation for all hazards and effectively manage Federal response and recovery efforts following any national incident. FEMA also initiates proactive mitigation activities, trains first responders, and manages the National Flood Insurance Program and the U.S. Fire Administration.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA is responsible for developing and enforcing regulations that implement environmental laws enacted by Congress. EPA is responsible for researching and setting national standards for a variety of environmental programs, and delegates to states and tribes the responsibility for issuing permits, monitoring, and enforcing compliance. EPA provides technical information related to adaptation planning and supports numerous adaptation efforts throughout the country.

State
Assembly Bill 1482. Assembly Bill (AB) 1482, passed in 2015, required the California Natural Resources Agency (CNRA) to update the State’s climate adaptation strategy by July 1, 2017, and every three years thereafter. The most recent update of the strategy, released in 2021, builds on successful elements of previous strategies, and reflects recent efforts to double down on protecting communities, the economy, and nature from the impacts of climate change. This update: 1) organizes the state’s climate adaptation efforts around six outcome-based resilience priorities and increases the ability to measure progress; 2) breaks down silos and unifies collective climate adaptation efforts across all sectors and regions; and 3) makes it easier for Californians to understand and contribute to California’s climate resilience agenda.

Senate Bill 379. Senate Bill (SB) 379 requires all cities and counties to include climate adaptation and resiliency strategies in the next update of their general plans beginning January 1, 2017. The update must include a vulnerability assessment that identifies the risks that climate change poses to the local jurisdiction and the geographic areas at risk from climate change impacts; a set of adaptation and resilience goals, policies, and objectives based on the information specified in the climate vulnerability assessment for the protection of the community; and a set of feasible implementation measures designed to carry out the goals, policies, and objectives identified pursuant to the adaptation objectives.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1000 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 25 April 2023
Key Terms
The following key terms used in this chapter are defined as follows:

Atmospheric River. A meteorological phenomenon that draws water vapor from the Pacific Ocean near the equator and transports it to the western coast of the United States.

Climate Change. An unprecedented trend of human-caused (i.e., anthropogenic) warming of Earth’s climate, among other climatic disruption.

Climate Change Adaptation. Adaptation is preparing for climate change impacts that are expected to occur, by making adjustments in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects that are aimed at minimizing harm or taking advantage of beneficial opportunities.

Emissions Scenario. A plausible representation of the future development of emissions of substances that are potentially radioactively active (e.g., greenhouse gases, aerosols), based on a coherent and internally consistent set of assumptions about driving forces (e.g., demographic and socioeconomic development, technological change) and their key relationships. Concentration scenarios, derived from emissions scenarios, are used as input into a climate model to compute climate projections.

Extreme Heat Days. A day where the maximum temperature exceeds the 98th historical percentile of maximum temperatures (based on daily temperature data between 1961-1990).

Extreme Precipitation Events. Events where two-day rainfall totals are above an extreme threshold (i.e., days having precipitation at or exceeding the 95th percentile Flood. A temporary rise in flow rate and/or stage (elevation) of any watercourse or stormwater conveyance system that results in runoff exceeding normal flow boundaries and inundating adjacent, normally dry areas.

Greenhouse Effect. The earth’s natural warming process. Certain atmospheric gases that trap heat in the atmosphere, causing the greenhouse effect, are referred to as greenhouse gases.

Greenhouse Gas. Any gas that absorbs infrared radiation in the atmosphere. GHGs contribute to the greenhouse effect. Some GHGs such as carbon dioxide occur naturally and are emitted to the atmosphere through natural processes and human activities. Other GHGs (e.g., fluorinated gases) are created and emitted solely through human activities. The principal GHGs that enter the atmosphere because of human activities include: water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and fluorinated gases [hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)].

Heat-related Illness. A group of physically related illnesses caused by prolonged exposure to hot temperatures, restricted fluid intake, or failure of temperature regulation mechanisms of the body.

Disorders of heat exposure include heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke.

Heat Waves. Heat waves are a prolonged period of excessive heat. A heat wave is defined as four or more consecutive extreme heat days.

Invasive Species. An introduced species that invades natural habitats.

Precipitation. The amount of rain, snow, hail, etc., that has fallen at a given place within a given period, usually expressed in inches or centimeters of water.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1001 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 26 April 2023
Sea level rise. An increase in the mean level of the ocean. Eustatic sea level rise is a change in global average sea level brought about by an alteration to the volume of the world ocean. Relative sea level rise occurs where there is a net increase in the level of the ocean relative to local land movements. Climate modelers largely concentrate on estimating eustatic sea level change. Impact researchers focus on relative sea level change.

Vector-borne Diseases. Diseases transmitted between hosts by a vector organism such as a mosquito or tick (e.g., malaria).

Vulnerability. The degree to which a system is exposed to, susceptible to, and (un)able to cope with and adapt to the adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes.

Wildfire. A wildfire is an unplanned, unwanted fire burning in a natural area, such as a forest, grassland, or prairie.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1002 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 27 April 2023
References
ACWD. See Alameda County Water District.

Adapting to Rising Tides. 2020 (March). Bay Area: Regional Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Study. Prepared by Bay Conservation and Development Commission, San Francisco CA. Available: http://www.adaptingtorisingtides.org/wpcontent/uploads/2020/03/ARTBayArea_Main_Report_Final_March2020_ADA.pdf. Accessed October 10, 2022.
———. No date. ART Bay Shore Flood Explorer
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2022. CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). Available: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/placeandhealth/svi/interactive_map.html. Last reviewed December 1, 2022. Accessed February 13, 2023.

Alameda County Water District. 2021a. Urban Water Management Plan 2020-2025. Final. Available:
https://www.acwd.org/DocumentCenter/View/4116/Final-2020-2025-UWMP-Version-IncludingMinor-Edits. Accessed October 6, 2022. ———. 2021b. Water Shortage Contingency Plan. Including Minor Edits. Available:
https://www.acwd.org/DocumentCenter/View/4117/Final-Water-Shortage-Contingency-PlanVersion-Including-Minor-Edits. Accessed October 6, 2022.

ART. See Adapting to Rising Tides. Available: https://explorer.adaptingtorisingtides.org/. Accessed February 13, 2023.

ATSDR. See Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.

BAAQMD. See Bay Area Air Quality Management District.

Bay Area Air Quality Management District. 2017 (April). 2017 Clean Air Plan: Spare the Air, Cool the Climate. Final. Available: https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/planning-andresearch/plans/2017-clean-air-plan/attachment-a_-proposed-final-cap-vol-1-pdf.pdf?la=en.

Accessed October 10, 2022.

Cal EPA and CDPH. See California Environmental Protection Agency and California Department of Public Health.

CAL FIRE. See California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection.

Cal OES. See California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services.

California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. 2022. CAL FIRE Santa Clara Unit: Strategic Fire Plan. Available: https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/hjndvue2/2022-santa-clara-contra-costa-alamedawest-stanislaus-west-sann-joaquin-unit-fire-plan.pdf. Accessed October 10, 2022.

California Department of Public Health. 2017 (February). Climate Change and Health Profile Report:

Alameda County. Office of Health Equity. Available:
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OHE/CDPH%20Document%20Library/CHPRs/CHPR001Al ameda_County2-23-17.pdf. Accessed October 6, 2022.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1003 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 28 April 2023
California Department of Transportation. 2018 (January). Caltrans Climate Change Vulnerability Assessments: District 4 Technical Report. Available: https://dot.ca.gov/-/media/dotmedia/programs/transportation-planning/documents/2019-climate-change-vulnerabilityassessments/ada-remediated/d4-technical-report-a11y.pdf https://dot.ca.gov/-/media/dotmedia/programs/transportation-planning/documents/2019-climate-change-vulnerabilityassessments/ada-remediated/d5-technical-report-a11y.pdf. Accessed October 6, 2022.

California Energy Commission. 2022a. Cal-Adapt Annual Averages Tool. Available: https://caladapt.org/tools/annual-averages. Retrieved October 4, 2022. ———. 2022b. Cal-Adapt Local Climate Change Snapshot. Available: https://cal-adapt.org/tools/localclimate-change-snapshot. Retrieved October 4, 2022. ———. 2022c. Cal-Adapt Hourly Projections of Sea Level Tool. Available: https://caladapt.org/tools/slr-hourly-projections. Retrieved October 4, 2022. ———. 2022d. Cal-Adapt Extreme Heat Days & Warm Nights Tool. Available: https://caladapt.org/tools/extreme-heat. Retrieved October 4, 2022. ———. 2022e. Cal-Adapt Wildfire Tool. Available: https://cal-adapt.org/tools/wildfire. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
———. 2022f. Cal-Adapt Extreme Precipitation Events Tool. Available: https://caladapt.org/tools/extreme-precipitation. Retrieved October 4, 2022. ———. 2022g. Cal-Adapt Extended Drought Scenarios Tool. Available: https://caladapt.org/tools/extended-drought. Retrieved October 4, 2022. ———. 2022h. Cal-Adapt Cooling Degree Days and Heating Degree Days Tool. Available: https://caladapt.org/tools/degree-days. Retrieved October 4, 2022.

California Environmental Protection Agency and California Department of Public Health. 2013 (October). Preparing California for Extreme Heat: Guidance and Recommendations. Available:
https://abag.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2013_cph_preparing_california_for_extreme_eat.pdf.

Accessed October 10, 2022.

California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services. 2020 (June). California Adaptation Planning Guide. Available: https://www.caloes.ca.gov/HazardMitigationSite/Documents/CA-AdaptationPlanning-Guide-FINAL-June-2020-Accessible.pdf. Accessed October 6, 2022.

California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research. 2018 (July). Vulnerable Communities in the Context of Climate Adaptation. Available: https://opr.ca.gov/docs/20180723- Vulnerable_Communities.pdf. Accessed August 19, 2022.

California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, California Energy Commission, and California Natural Resources Agency. 2018a. California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment: State Summary Report. Available: https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2019- 11/Statewide_Reports-SUM-CCCA4-2018-013_Statewide_Summary_Report_ADA.pdf.

Accessed October 6, 2022.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1004 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 29 April 2023
———. 2018b. California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment: San Francisco Bay Area Region Report. Available: https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2019-11/Reg_Report-SUMCCCA4-2018-005_SanFranciscoBayArea_ADA.pdf. Accessed October 6, 2022.

California Legislative Analyst’s Office. 2022 (April). Climate Change Impacts Across California:

Crosscutting Issues. Available: https://lao.ca.gov/reports/2022/4575/Climate-Change-ImpactsCrosscutting-Issues-040522.pdf. Accessed September 7, 2022.

California Natural Resources Agency. 2022 (April). Protecting Californians from Extreme Heat: A State Action Plan to Build Community Resilience. Available: https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRAWebsite/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf.

Accessed September 7, 2022.

Caltrans. See California Department of Transportation.

Cambridge Systematics. 2015. Central Texas Extreme Weather and Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment of Regional Transportation Infrastructure. Available:
https://austintexas.gov/sites/default/files/files/CAMPO_Extreme_Weather_Vulnerability_Assess ment_FINAL.pdf. Accessed October 10, 2022.

CDPH. See California Department of Public Health.

City of Union City. 2022. H Street Green Street Project. Public Works. Available:
https://www.unioncity.org/409/H-Street-Green-Street-Project. Accessed October 11, 2022.

City of Union City and City of Newark. 2017 (April). Union City/Newark Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan. Available:
https://www.newark.org/home/showpublisheddocument/270/636502394114000000. Accessed October 6, 2022.

CNRA. See California Natural Resources Agency.

County of Alameda. 2022. AC Alert. Available:
https://www.acgov.org/emergencysite/documents/ACAlertSignUpFebruary19MobileApp.pdf.

Accessed October 11, 2022.

DFSC. See Diablo Fire Safe Council.

Diablo Fire Safe Council. 2015 (March). Community Wildfire Protection Plan 2015 Update: Alameda County. Available:
http://www.diablofiresafe.org/pdf/Alameda_County_CWPP_Update_3_2015.pdf. Accessed October 6, 2022.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2021 (August). Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis: Summary for Policy Makers. Available:
https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM_final.pdf.

Accessed October 5, 2022.

IPCC. See Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

LAO. See California Legislative Analyst’s Office.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1005 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Union City Safety Element | Appendix B: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Page 30 April 2023
Lynn, K., K. MacKendrick, and E. M. Donoghue. 2011 (August). Social Vulnerability and Climate Change: Synthesis of Literature. Available: https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/pnw_gtr838.pdf.

Accessed August 19, 2022.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2020. What’s the Difference Between Weather and Climate? Last updated August 7, 2020. Available: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/weather-vsclimate. Accessed October 5, 2022.

NOAA. See National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

OPR. See California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research.

OPR, CEC, and CNRA. See California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, California Energy Commission, and California Natural Resources Agency.

Pierce, D. W., D. R. Cayan, and J. F. Kalansky. 2018 (August). Climate, Drought, and Sea Level Rise Scenarios for California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment. Available:
https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2019-11/Projections_CCCA4-CEC-2018- 006_ADA.pdf. Accessed October 5, 2022.

Polade, S. D., A. Gershunov, D. R. Cayan, M. D. Dettinger, and D. W. Pierce. 2017. “Precipitation in a Warming World: Assessing Projected Hydro-climate Changes in California and other Mediterranean Climate Regions.” Scientific Reports 7 (1). Available:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11285-y. Accessed October 7, 2022.

Transportation Research Board. 2008. Potential Impacts of Climate Change on U.S. Transportation.

Special Report 290. National Academy of Sciences. Washington, DC.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1006 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
HOUSING ELEMENT 2023–2031
Second Revised HCD Review DraftFinal | AprilMay 2023
Attachment 2 Exhibit C
City Council/RSA Agenda 1007 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1008 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
City Council
Carol Dutra-Vernaci, Mayor
Gary Singh, Vice-Mayor
Jaime Patiño, Councilmember
Jeff Wang, Councilmember
Scott Sakakihara, Councilmember
Emily Duncan, Councilmember (former)
Pat Gacoscos, Councilmember (former)
Planning Commission
Seyi Mclelland, Commissioner
Lee (Presley) Guio, Commissioner
Jo Ann Lew, Commissioner
Amandeep Sandhu, Commissioner
Ed Mack Agbuya, Commissioner
Kevin Finnerty, Alternate Commissioner
Harpel Mann, Commissioner (former)
City Staff
Joan Malloy, City Manager
Mark Evanoff, Deputy City Manager (former)
Carmela Campbell, AICP, Economic &
Community Development Director
Derek Farmer, Planning Manager
Francisco Gomez Jr., Housing & Community
Development Manager
Coleman Frick, Senior Planner and Project
Manager
Valerie Avendano, Building/Code Compliance
Coordinator
Farooq M. Azim, City Engineer
Ascent - Consultant
Chelsey Payne, AICP, Project Director
Heidi Gen Kuong, AICP, Project Manager
Rebecca Pope, Urban Planner
Lisa Merry, GIS Specialist
Corey Alling, Graphics Specialist
Michele Mattei, Publishing Specialist
City Council/RSA Agenda 1009 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1010 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 | INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1-1 Overview of State Requirements..................................................................................... 1-1 Housing Element Organization........................................................................................ 1-2 General Plan and Housing Element Consistency ........................................................ 1-3 Public Participation............................................................................................................ 1-4 CHAPTER 2 | EXISTING NEEDS ASSESSMENT .............................................................................. 2-1 Demographic and Employment Profile.......................................................................... 2-1 Population, Household, and Employment Projections..............................................2-12 Household Characteristics.............................................................................................2-13 Housing Stock Characteristics......................................................................................2-20 Housing Affordability.......................................................................................................2-25 Special Housing Needs...................................................................................................2-35 Assisted Housing Projects Eligible for Conversion ...................................................2-52 CHAPTER 3 | SITES INVENTORY ...................................................................................................... 3-1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 3-1 Regional Housing Needs Allocation ............................................................................... 3-1 Approved Residential Projects ........................................................................................ 3-2 Vacant and Underutilized Sites Inventory...................................................................... 3-9 Site LM-1: Restoration Site.............................................................................................3-25 Site LM-2: 34015 7th Street Site....................................................................................3-26 Site LM-3: ANR Near BART Site.....................................................................................3-27 Site LM-4: Gateway Site* ................................................................................................3-28 Sites AM-1 through AM-18: Decoto Neighborhood Vacant Lots ............................3-29 Sites AM-19 through AM-21: Historic Alvarado District Vacant Lots.....................3-30 Site LM-5: Alvarado Niles Road Site .............................................................................3-31 Site LM-6: 854 Whipple Rd Site .....................................................................................3-32 Site LM-7: Whipple and Liston Way Site ......................................................................3-33 Site LM-8: Whipple and Medallion Drive Site ..............................................................3-34 Site LM-9: Whipple/Cemex Site.....................................................................................3-36 Site LM-10: Mission and Tamarack Drive Site............................................................3-37 Site LM-11: Mission and F Street Site ..........................................................................3-38 Site LM-12: Vallejo St. and Granger Ave. Site ............................................................3-40 Site LM-13: Smith Street Site .........................................................................................3-41 Site LM-14: Diamond Mine Mini-Storage Site.............................................................3-42 Site LM-15: Union City Boulevard Site..........................................................................3-43 Future Opportunity Sites.................................................................................................3-44 Projection of Accessory Dwelling Units.......................................................................3-45 City Council/RSA Agenda 1011 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
RHNA Summary ...............................................................................................................3-46 Infrastructure Adequacy .................................................................................................3-47 CHAPTER 4 FAIR HOUSING ASSESSMENT .................................................................................... 4-1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 4-1 Fair Housing Assessment ................................................................................................ 4-2 Assessment of Sites Inventory and Fair Housing......................................................4-54 Fair Housing Issues, Contributing Factors, and Actions ..........................................4-68 CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM RESOURCES .............................................................................................. 5-1 Local Funding and Housing Programs .......................................................................... 5-1 State and Federal Programs ............................................................................................ 5-3 CHAPTER 6 POTENTIAL HOUSING CONSTRAINTS ...................................................................... 6-1 Potential Governmental Constraints .............................................................................. 6-1 Potential Non-Governmental Constraints ...................................................................6-38 CHAPTER 7 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION .................................................... 7-1 Energy Efficiency Building Requirements...................................................................... 7-1 Energy Efficiency and Conservation Programs............................................................ 7-2 CHAPTER 8 EVALUATION OF THE PREVIOUS (2015-2023) HOUSING ELEMENT ................... 8-1 Summary of Key Accomplishments............................................................................... 8-1 Progress Toward Meeting the 2015-2023 RHNA ........................................................ 8-2 Program Evaluation ........................................................................................................... 8-3 CHAPTER 9 GOALS, POLICIES, & PROGRAMS ............................................................................... 9-1 Housing Production........................................................................................................... 9-2 Affordable Housing Production....................................................................................... 9-8 Housing Preservation......................................................................................................9-11 Housing Services and Assistance.................................................................................9-13 Neighborhood Preservation ...........................................................................................9-16 Fair and Equal Housing Opportunity ............................................................................9-18 Special Needs ...................................................................................................................9-21 Energy Conservation and Sustainability ......................................................................9-25 Quantified Objectives ......................................................................................................9-27 Appendices
Appendix A Public Engagement Materials
Appendix B Glossary
City Council/RSA Agenda 1012 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figures
Figure 1-1: Survey Responses to “What do you feel is the most significant housing problem facing Union City residents? (Choose up to three)” .............................................................. 1-5 Figure 1-2: Survey Responses to “Have you or are you experiencing any of the following housing issues?”.......................................................................................................................... 1-5 Figure 1-3: Survey Responses to “Which strategies do you think the City should prioritize? (Choose up to three)”.................................................................................................................. 1-6 Figure 1-4: Farmer’s Market Activity Boards............................................................................................... 1-7 Figure 1-5: Results from Activity Board 1: What are the greatest housing issues facing our community?.................................................................................................................................. 1-8 Figure 1-6: Results from Activity Board 2: Which strategies do you think the City should prioritize?....................................................................................................................................... 1-8 Figure 1-7: Flyers to Advertise Outreach Events in English and Spanish .............................................. 1-9 Figure 2-1: Regional Population Trends, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area,1990- 2020..................................................................................................................................................... 2-2 Figure 2-2: Population by Age, Union City, 2000 and 2019 ...................................................................... 2-3 Figure 2-3: Population by Race and Ethnicity*, Union City, 2000-2019.................................................. 2-4 Figure 2-4: Regional Population by Race and Ethnicity, * Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2019................................................................................................................................... 2-5 Figure 2-5: Population with Limited English Proficiency, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2019................................................................................................................................... 2-6 Figure 2-6: Household Income Distribution, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2017..................................................................................................................................................... 2-7 Figure 2-7: Jobs in Union City, 2002-2018 .................................................................................................. 2-8 Figure 2-8: Job Growth by Industry, Union City, 2002-2018..................................................................... 2-9 Figure 2-9: Resident Employment by Industry, Union City, Alameda County, Bay Area, 2019 ........2-10 Figure 2-10: Jobs-Household Ratio, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2002-2018 ........2-11 Figure 2-11: Average Unemployment Rates, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2010-2021 ........................................................................................................................................2-12 Figure 2-12: Housing Tenure, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2019 ..............................2-14 Figure 2-13: Housing Tenure 2000-2019...................................................................................................2-14 Figure 2-14: Housing Tenure by Race* of Householder, Union City, 2019..........................................2-15 Figure 2-15: Housing Tenure by Age, Union City, 2019...........................................................................2-16 Figure 2-16: Housing Tenure by Housing Type, Union City, 2019.........................................................2-17 Figure 2-17: Household Income Level by Tenure, Union City, 2017 .....................................................2-17 Figure 2-18: Overcrowding by Tenure and Severity, Union City, 2017 .................................................2-18 Figure 2-19: Overcrowding by Income Level and Severity, Union City, 2017 ......................................2-19 Figure 2-20: Overcrowding by Race*, Union City, 2019...........................................................................2-20 Figure 2-21: Housing Unit Trends, Union City, 2010 and 2020..............................................................2-21 Figure 2-22: Housing Units by Year Structure was Built*, Union City...................................................2-22 Figure 2-23: Vacancy Rates, Union City, Alameda County, Bay Area, 2019 ........................................2-23 City Council/RSA Agenda 1013 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-24: Vacant Units by Type, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2019.....................2-23 Figure 2-25: Substandard Housing Conditions, Union City, 2019.........................................................2-24 Figure 2-26: Home Values of Owner-Occupied Units, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2019.........................................................................................................................................2-29 Figure 2-27: Zillow Home Value Index (ZHVI), Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2001-2019 ........................................................................................................................................2-29 Figure 2-28: Median Contract Rent, Union City, Alameda County, Bay Area, 2009-2019.................2-30 Figure 2-29: Contract Rents for Renter-Occupied Units, Union City, Alameda County, Bay Area, 2019.........................................................................................................................................2-31 Figure 2-30: Cost Burden by Income Level, Union City, 2019 ................................................................2-32 Figure 2-31: Cost Burden by Tenure, Union City, 2019 ...........................................................................2-33 Figure 2-32: Cost Burdened Lower-Income Households by Tenure, Union City, 2019 .....................2-33 Figure 2-33: Cost Burden by Race, Union City, 2017 ...............................................................................2-34 Figure 2-34: Household Size by Tenure, Union City, 2019......................................................................2-35 Figure 2-35: Cost Burden by Household Size, Union City, 2017............................................................2-36 Figure 2-36: Housing Units by Number of Bedrooms, Union City, 2019..............................................2-37 Figure 2-37: Household Composition, Union City, 2019 .........................................................................2-38 Figure 2-38: Female-Headed Households by Poverty Status, Union City, 2019 ................................2-38 Figure 2-39: Senior Households by Income and Tenure, Union City, 2017.........................................2-39 Figure 2-40: Cost-burdened Senior Households by Income Level, Union City, 2017 ........................2-40 Figure 2-41: Disability by Type, Union City, 2019 .....................................................................................2-42 Figure 2-42: Total Homeless Population in Alameda County, 2009-2022 ..........................................2-45 Figure 2-43: Homelessness by Household Type and Shelter Status, Alameda County, 2019 ........2-45 Figure 2-44: Race and Ethnicity of Homeless Populations vs General Population, Alameda County, 2019....................................................................................................................................2-46 Figure 2-45: Characteristics of the Population Experiencing Homelessness, Alameda County, 2019....................................................................................................................................2-47 Figure 2-46: Permanent and Seasonal Farm Labor, Alameda County, 2002-2017 ...........................2-50 Figure 2-47: Extremely Low-Income Households by Tenure, Union City, 2017 .................................2-52 Figure 2-48: Extremely Low-Income Households and Level of Cost Burden, Union City, 2017...................................................................................................................................................2-52 Figure 3-1: Sites Inventory Map, Union City, December 2022................................................................3-22 Figure 4-1: Neighborhood Map, Union City ................................................................................................. 4-3 Figure 4-2 Regional Racial Dot Map, 2020 .................................................................................................. 4-8 Figure 4-3: Regional Income Dot Map, 2015............................................................................................... 4-9 Figure 4-4: Racial Dot Map, Union City.......................................................................................................4-10 Figure 4-5: Comparing the Share of People of Color in Union City and Vicinity to the Bay Area, 2020.........................................................................................................................................4-13 Figure 4-6: Comparison of Racial Isolation Index Values, Union City and all Bay Area Jurisdictions, 2019..........................................................................................................................4-14 City Council/RSA Agenda 1014 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 4-7: Comparison of Racial Dissimilarity Index Values, Union City vs All Other Bay Area Jurisdictions, 2019 ................................................................................................................4-14 Figure 4-8: Comparison of Income Demographics, Union City and All Bay Area Jurisdictions, 2015..........................................................................................................................4-15 Figure 4-9: Income Dot Map, Union City, 2015 .........................................................................................4-16 Figure 4-10: Comparison of Income Isolation Index Values, Union City and all Bay Area Jurisdictions, 2015..........................................................................................................................4-18 Figure 4-11: Comparison of Income Dissimilarity Index Values, Union City vs All Other Bay Area Jurisdictions, 2015 ................................................................................................................4-18 Figure 4-12: Distribution of Median Income, Union City, 2019 ..............................................................4-19 Figure 4-13: Households by Presence of Children...................................................................................4-20 Figure 4-14: Percent of Children in Married Couple Households, Union City, 2019 ..........................4-21 Figure 4-15: Percent of Children in Single-Female Headed Households, Union City, 2019 .............4-22 Figure 4-16: Population with a Disability, Union City, 2014 and 2019 ..................................................4-24 Figure 4-17: Racially/Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty, Bay Area, 2017..............................4-26 Figure 4-18: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Composite Score, Region, 2022............................................4-28 Figure 4-19: TCAC Opportunity Areas- Composite Score, Union City, 2020 and 2022.....................4-29 Figure 4-20: TCAC Opportunity Areas- Education Score, Union City, 2021.........................................4-30 Figure 4-21: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Economic Score, Union City, 2022........................................4-31 Figure 4-22: Jobs Opportunity Index, Union City, 2022...........................................................................4-32 Figure 4-23: Jobs Opportunity Index, Bay Area, 2022 .............................................................................4-33 Figure 4-24: Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) Weekday System Map....................................................4-34 Figure 4-25: Transit System Map – Union City.........................................................................................4-35 Figure 4-26: Transportation Index, Union City, 2017 ...............................................................................4-36 Figure 4-27: Transportation Index, Bay Area Region, 2017....................................................................4-37 Figure 4-28: TCAC Opportunity Areas – Environmental Score, Union City, 2022 ..............................4-39 Figure 4-29: CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores, Union City ..............................................................................4-39 Figure 4-30: Percent of Households in Renter-Occupied Units, Union City, 2016 .............................4-43 Figure 4-31: Cost Burden Severity, Union City, Alameda County, and the Bay Area, 2019...............4-45 Figure 4-32: Overpayment by Renters, Union City, 2014 and 2019 ......................................................4-46 Figure 4-33: Overpayment by Homeowners, Union City, 2014 and 2019............................................4-47 Figure 4-34: Overcrowding by Severity, Union City, Alameda County, and the Bay Area, 2017 ......4-48 Figure 4-35: Overcrowded Households, Union City .................................................................................4-49 Figure 4-36: Housing Choice Vouchers by Census Tract, Union City, 2019 .......................................4-50 Figure 4-37: Location Affordability Index, Union City, 2016 ...................................................................4-51 Figure 4-38: Communities Sensitive to Displacement, Union City, 2017 ............................................4-52 Figure 4-39: Census Tract and Sites Inventory Map, Union City...........................................................4-59 Figure 4-40: Sites Inventory and Racial/Ethnic Distribution by Census Tract, Union City................4-60 Figure 4-41: Sites Inventory Income Distribution by Median Income of Census Tract, Union City .....................................................................................................................................................4-62 Figure 4-42: Vacant and Underutilized Sites by Median Income of Census Tract, Union City ........4-63 City Council/RSA Agenda 1015 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 4-43: Sites Inventory and TCAC/HCD Opportunity Areas, Union City ......................................4-64 Figure 4-44: Vacant and Underutilized Sites Inventory Vs. TCAC Opportunity Areas.......................4-65 Figure 4-45: Sites Inventory and Areas at Risk of Displacement, Union City......................................4-66 Figure 4-46: Vacant and Underutilized Sites Inventory vs. Displacement Sensitivity .......................4-67 Figure 6-1: Station District Subareas..........................................................................................................6-10 Figure 6-2: Development Application Submittal and Review Process .................................................6-25 Tables
Table 2-1: Population Growth, Union City and Selected Areas (2000-2020) ........................................ 2-2 Table 2-2: Population Projections, Union City and Alameda County, 2020-2040 ..............................2-13 Table 2-3: Employment Projections, Union City and Alameda County, 2020-2040...........................2-13 Table 2-4: HCD Income Limits by Persons Per Household, Alameda County (2021).......................2-26 Table 2-5: Ability to Pay for Housing Based on HCD Income Limits, Alameda County (2021) ............................................................................................................................................2-27 Table 2-6: HUD Fair Market Rent By Unit Bedroom1, Alameda County (2021)..................................2-28 Table 2-7: Median Monthly Rents, Union City (2022)..............................................................................2-31 Table 2-8: Population with Developmental Disabilities by Place of Residence, Union City, 2020...............................................................................................................................................2-43 Table 2-9: Students in Local Public Schools Experiencing Homelessness, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2016-2020...........................................................................2-47 Table 2-10: Migrant Worker Student Population, 2016-2020 ................................................................2-50 Table 2-11: Subsidized and Restricted Affordable Housing Projects, Union City (2022).................2-54 Table 2-12: Estimated Cost to Subsidize Rents, Union City (2021)......................................................2-56 Table 2-13: Qualified Entities, Alameda County (2021) ..........................................................................2-57 Table 3-1: Regional Housing Needs Allocation, Union City (2023-2031) .............................................. 3-2 Table 3-2: Approved residential Developments, Union City (As of June 2022).................................... 3-3 Table 3-3: Analysis of Market Rate Rental Affordability ........................................................................... 3-8 Table 3-4: Residential Land Use Categories and Estimated Affordability Level, Union City (2022)................................................................................................................................................3-11 Table 3-5A: Examples of Recent Housing Developments Union City (2012-2022)...........................3-16 Table 3-5B: Examples of Recent Housing Developments in Surrounding Jurisdictions (Fremont and Hayward).................................................................................................................3-19 Table 3-6: Vacant and Underutilized Sites, Union City (2022) ...............................................................3-23 Table 3-7: Future Opportunity Sites............................................................................................................3-45 Table 3-8: ADU Building Permits, Union City (2018-2022)......................................................................3-46 Table 3-9: Sites Inventory Capacity Summary, Union City (2023-2031)..............................................3-47 Table 4-1: Fair Housing Complaints Forwarded to HUD FHEO Alameda County, January 2017- June 2020 ............................................................................................................................... 4-4 City Council/RSA Agenda 1016 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Table 4-2: Fair Housing Assistance Organizations, Alameda County, 2022......................................... 4-5 Table 4-3: Population by Racial Group Union City, 2000-2019..............................................................4-10 Table 4-4: Neighborhood Racial Segregation Measures Union City, 2000-2019...............................4-11 Table 4-5: Regional Racial Segregation Measures, 2015 .......................................................................4-12 Table 4-6: Population by Income Group Union City, 2010 and 2015....................................................4-15 Table 4-7: Neighborhood Income Segregation Measures Union City, 2010 and 2015.....................4-17 Table 4-8: Regional Income Segregation Measures, 2015.....................................................................4-17 Table 4-9: Disability Status by Race and Ethnicity, Union City, 2020 ...................................................4-22 Table 4-10: Domains and List of Indicators for Opportunity Maps ......................................................4-27 Table 4-11: Disproportionate Housing Needs, Union City and Bay Area Region, 2010 ....................4-41 Table 4-12: Housing Tenure by Race/Ethnicity of Householder, Union City, 2019............................4-42 Table 4-13: Mortgage Applications by Race, 2018-2019........................................................................4-44 Table 4-14: Distribution of Housing Capacity by Census Tract ............................................................4-57 Table 4-15: Sites Inventory Vs. Distribution of Median Income ............................................................4-62 Table 4-16: Sites Inventory Vs. TCAC Opportunity Areas.......................................................................4-65 Table 4-17: Sites Inventory Vs. Displacement Sensitivity.......................................................................4-67 Table 4-18: Fair Housing Issues, Contributing Factors, and Actions Union City, 2022 ....................4-69 Table 5-1: Housing Choice Vouchers By Household Income, Alameda County, 2022 ....................... 5-1 Table 5-2: Federal and State Funding Programs ....................................................................................... 5-5 Table 6-1: Residential Land Uses by Zoning District, Union City, 2022.................................................. 6-5 Table 6-2: Minimum Development Standards for Zones that Allow for Residential Development, Union City (2022)..................................................................................................... 6-6 Table 6-3: Station District Off-Street Vehicle Parking Requirements ...................................................6-11 Table 6-4: Potential Sites for Emergency Shelters in Private Institutional (PI) District, Union City (2022)........................................................................................................................................6-15 Table 6-5: Inclusionary Units as of May 2022, Union City ......................................................................6-22 Table 6-6: Average Permit Processing Time, Union City (2022) ...........................................................6-26 Table 6-7: Planning Fee Schedule, Union City (FY 2022/2023).............................................................6-28 Table 6-8: Residential Development Impact Fees, Union City (FY 2022/2023) .................................6-30 Table 6-9: Off-Street Parking Requirements, Union City (2022)............................................................6-33 Table 6-10: Statewide Parking Standards for Affordable Housing, California (2022).......................6-35 Table 6-11: Building and Housing Codes, Union City (2022) .................................................................6-37 Table 8-1: RHNA Progress - Permitted Units Issued by Affordability .................................................... 8-2 Table 8-2: Evaluation of Union City 2015 -2023 Housing Element Implementation Programs ........ 8-5 Table 9-1: Summary of 2023-2031 Quantified Objectives, Union City (2023-2031)..........................9-27 City Council/RSA Agenda 1017 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1018 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 INTRODUCTION | 1-1 Chapter 1 | Introduction
The Housing Element is one of eight mandatory elements of the City of Union City’s General Plan and sets forth the policies and programs to address the housing needs of all households in Union City. It is the City's principal guide for how it will meet the housing needs and priorities of everyone in the community. The Housing Element offers a way to ensure there are enough sites for safe, accessible, and diverse housing throughout the city. Through the goals, policies, and implementation programs of the Housing Element, the City aims to address existing and future housing needs for the people of Union City.

Overview of State Requirements
The Housing Element identifies the
City’s housing needs; states the City’s
goals and objectives with regard to
housing production, rehabilitation, and
conservation to meet those needs; and
defines the policies and programs that
the City will implement to achieve the
stated goals and objectives. All cities
and counties in California are required to
have a compliant Housing Element as
one of the eight mandated elements of
a general plan.

Each city and county in the State must
submit their Housing Element to the
California Department of Housing and
Community Development (HCD) for
review to ensure that it meets the
minimum requirements under State
Housing Element law and is also
required to prepare an annual progress
report (APR) on the status and progress
of implementing its Housing Element.

Most cities and counties, including
Union City, are required to update their
Housing Element every eight years.

Union City’s prior Housing Element
covered the 2015-2023 planning period,
while this update will cover the 2023-

HOUSING ELEMENT REQUIREMENTS
⚫ An analysis of existing and projected housing
needs
⚫ An inventory of land suitable for housing and
emergency shelters with a projected capacity
for each site
⚫ A summary of housing-related programs and
funding
⚫ An analysis of potential constraints to the
production and maintenance of housing
⚫ An assessment of fair housing and an analysis
of how the city can affirmatively further fair
housing (AFFH)
⚫ An analysis of any special housing needs
groups, as identified under State law
⚫ An evaluation of the previous Housing Element
⚫ A summary of opportunities for residential
energy conservation
⚫ An analysis of assisted housing developments
that are at-risk of converting to market rate
⚫ Goals, policies, and implementation programs
City Council/RSA Agenda 1019 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
1-2 | INTRODUCTION UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 2031 planning period, from January 31, 2023, to January 31, 2031. State law (Government Code Section 65583) requires the City to adopt a Housing Element that addresses the needs of everyone in the community, at all income levels.

Housing Element Organization
This Housing Element satisfies the requirements of State law (Government Code Section 65583(a)) and is organized as follows:
⚫ Chapter 1 - Introduction. This chapter includes an introduction to the Housing Element, description of State Housing Element law, general plan consistency, and a summary of community participation.
⚫ Chapter 2 - Existing Needs Assessment. This chapter analyzes demographic and socioeconomic conditions; existing housing stock characteristics; housing affordability, overpayment, and overcrowding; and special needs for persons experiencing homelessness, persons with disabilities, seniors, large families, and female-headed households. ⚫ Chapter 3 - Sites Inventory. This chapter identifies opportunities for housing production to meet the City’s fair share of regional housing needs, as determined by the regional housing needs allocation (RHNA). It includes a description of the City’s RHNA and the results of the inventory of sites within the city that are suitable for residential development during the eightyear planning period. ⚫ Chapter 4 - Fair Housing Assessment. This chapter provides an analysis of fair housing issues and practices in Union City, including patterns of integration and segregation, disparities in access to opportunity, and disproportionate housing needs. It also examines the relationship between the sites inventory and its potential impact on fair housing issues in the city. The chapter also includes a summary of strategies to affirmatively further fair housing. ⚫ Chapter 5 - Program Resources. This chapter summarizes staff resources and funding available to support City housing programs.
⚫ Chapter 6 - Potential Housing Constraints. This chapter analyzes potential constraints on the production, maintenance, or improvement of housing, including governmental constraints like land use controls, permits and processing procedures, fees, and zoning for a variety of housing types as well as non-governmental constraints such as land and development costs and the availability of financing.
⚫ Chapter 7 - Opportunities for Energy Conservation. This chapter analyzes opportunities for energy conservation in residential development including green building and energy-efficiency requirements, and energy conservation programs.
⚫ Chapter 8 - Evaluation of the Previous (2015-2023) Housing Element. This chapter summarizes the City’s accomplishments during the previous (2015-2023) Housing Element planning period and evaluates each of the previous programs.
⚫ Chapter 9 - Goals, Policies, & Programs. This chapter establishes goals, policies, and implementation programs that will provide direction to help the City meet its housing goals.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1020 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 INTRODUCTION | 1-3 General Plan and Housing Element Consistency
Union City’s 2040 General Plan, adopted in 2019, is the City’s long-term blueprint for future growth and includes goals, policies, and programs that convey a long-term vision for the community and guides local decision-making to advance that vision.

The Housing Element is closely linked with the following General Plan elements: Land Use Element; Community Design Element; Mobility Element, Health and Quality of Life Element; Public Facilities and Services Element; and the Special Areas Element.
⚫ The Land Use Element seeks to encourage redevelopment and promote infill in strategic areas to create new high-density, mixed-use, and transit-oriented development, especially around the Greater Station District. The Land Use Element and the Community Design Element seek to ensure that new development boosts the local economy in a manner that is compatible with surrounding land uses. The Elements seek to provide new housing opportunities for all residents and bring quality jobs and services to increase access to opportunity. Since the city’s residential neighborhoods are mostly built out, a key principle of the General Plan is preserving the character of established neighborhoods (i.e., the Historic Alvarado District, along Union City Boulevard and Mission Boulevard, and Decoto neighborhoods). ⚫ The Health and Quality of Life Element provides a policy framework to better support traditionally underserved populations in Union City including seniors, at-risk youth, and residents experiencing homelessness. The Element also identifies the City’s environmental justice communities, policies to address environmental justice in the city, and policies for neighborhood involvement in land use decisions that affect residential development. ⚫ The Public Facilities and Services Element ensures the provision of adequate services (e.g., water, wastewater, and solid waste services, school facilities) to support existing and future residential development.
⚫ The Special Areas Element contain policies specific to a number of distinctive districts in Union City. These districts are either key infill areas that provide unique opportunities for redevelopment (e.g., in the Greater Station District) or have important existing features that require special attention to preserve and protect (e.g., the Decoto neighborhood, one of the first neighborhoods built in Union City).

Upon adoption, this Housing Element will be incorporated into the 2040 General Plan, updating the existing Housing Element. This Housing Element was prepared to maintain internal consistency with other elements of the General Plan.

In addition, State law requires that other General Plan elements be reviewed and/or modified upon adoption of the Housing Element. Senate Bill (SB) 1035 requires the safety element to be revised upon update of the Housing Element to include new information on fire hazards, flood hazards, and climate adaptation and resilience strategies. The City will be updating the Safety Element in conjunction with the 2023-2031 Housing Element update.

The City will maintain consistency between the Housing Element and the other General Plan elements so that policies introduced in one element are consistent with other elements.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1021 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
1-4 | INTRODUCTION UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Public Participation
Housing Element law requires that jurisdictions “make a diligent effort” to achieve representative participation of the community in the development of the Housing Element. As part of the Housing Element update process, the project team (including City staff and Consultants) began early in the process, to promote community ownership of the plan, and continued through plan adoption.

Union City has a diverse linguistic population, so community engagement activities were conducted in multiple languages including Spanish, Mandarin, Tagalog, and Hindi to provide opportunities for a broad segment of the community to participate. The following is a brief description of public participation efforts used throughout the Housing Element update process to engage and inform the community.

Summary of Engagement Activities
Regional Outreach Efforts
In addition to outreach conducted for the Housing Element, Union City participated in a regional collaborative to assess barriers to fair housing choice through an Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice (AI). The 2020 Alameda County Fair Housing Collaborative had a community engagement process including stakeholder meetings, community engagement meetings, and a resident survey as part of research to inform the Alameda County AI. Findings from the 2020 AI Community Participation process were used to inform Union City’s Fair Housing Assessment and the goals, policies, and implementation programs of the Housing Element update. See Chapters 4 (Fair Housing Assessment) and 8 (Goals, Policies, & Programs) for more information.

Project Webpage
The City hosted a project webpage about the Housing Element update at www.unioncity.org/HousingElement. The webpage included an overview of the project and schedule, contact information for the project team, and a sign-up link for the project mailing list.

The webpage was maintained throughout the Housing Element update process and routinely updated to include announcements of future engagement events, frequently asked questions (FAQs), community engagement materials and draft documents.

Online Community Survey
From February 8, 2022 to March 31, 2022, the City distributed a web-based survey to gather information from the community on housing needs and housing policy priorities. The survey included questions related to household demographics, housing conditions, and housing issues and priorities. The survey was provided in English, Spanish, Mandarin, Tagalog, and Hindi.

The survey was distributed through an online link and QR code via email to the mailing list from the project website. It was also advertised through flyers, the farmers market, the public library, and broadcast on the City’s social media outlets.

The City received over 487 responses to the survey, including 451 responses in English, 6 in Spanish, 21 in Mandarin, 4 in Hindi, and 5 in Tagalog. Of all respondents, approximately two-thirds (67 percent) are homeowners while the other 30 percent are renters. About 8 percent of City Council/RSA Agenda 1022 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 INTRODUCTION | 1-5 respondents specified a different type of living situation. Of those who chose to specify, living with parents or a family member was one of the most common responses. More than 75 percent of respondents live in a single-family home while another 20 percent reported living in an apartment or condominium/townhouse. Summaries of key survey responses are shown in Figures 1-1 through 1-3. See Appendix A for the complete survey and participant responses.

Figure 1-1: Survey Responses to “What do you feel is the most significant housing problem facing Union City residents? (Choose up to three)”
Source: Housing Element Online Community Survey Responses, March 2022.

Figure 1-2: Survey Responses to “Have you or are you experiencing any of the following housing issues?”
Source: Housing Element Online Community Survey Responses, March 2022. 2%
3%
4%
4%
7%
8%
9%
10%
20%
32%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Housing conditions are poor
Housing sizes don’t meet family needs
Not enough places to rent
Other
Not enough housing for seniors or people with disabilities Too expensive to maintain my home as a property owner
Not enough shelters or services for people experiencing homelessness
Not enough homes for sale
Rents are too high
Buying a house is too expensive
3%
7%
8%
9%
11%
15%
24%
24%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Other
Too many people living in one home (overcrowding)
Significant rent increase
Struggle to pay rent or mortgage (e.g., sometimes paying late, not paying other bills to pay rent, not buying food or medicine) Lack funding to make necessary home repairs
Adult child living at home due to inability to afford housing None of the above
Want to move but can’t find or afford a home that meets my and my family’s needs
City Council/RSA Agenda 1023 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
1-6 | INTRODUCTION UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Figure 1-3: Survey Responses to “Which strategies do you think the City should prioritize? (Choose up to three)”
Source: Housing Element Online Community Survey Responses, March 2022.

Outreach at the Farmers Market
To reach a broader audience and more non-English speakers, the project team attended the local farmers market in Old Alvarado Park on Saturday, February 26, 2022. This also allowed the project team to reach stakeholders on site in the
community. Outreach was conducted outside, in
compliance with COVID protocols. Two
interactive activity boards were used which
included information about housing issues and
potential strategies for the public to provide
feedback on the Housing Element (see Figure 1-
4). All content on the boards was translated into
five languages to encourage inclusion and
participation: English, Spanish, Mandarin,
Tagalog, and Hindi. The project team were on
hand to provide an overview of the Housing
Element update, answer any questions, and
distribute information on housing-related
resources and programs.
1%
5%
8%
10%
11%
12%
12%
18%
23%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
None of the above
Other
Tenant protections for renters
Accessible housing for seniors or people with disabilities Minor home repair programs
Promote accessory dwelling units (granny flats/second units/ guest houses)
Programs for people experiencing or at risk of homelessness Downpayment assistance for homebuyers
Support development of affordable housing
City staff and residents at the Union City Farmer’s Market in Old Alvarado Park
City Council/RSA Agenda 1024 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 INTRODUCTION | 1-7 Figure 1-4: Farmer’s Market Activity Boards
Source: Union City and Ascent, 2022.

In response to “What are the greatest housing issues facing our community,” the highest ranked issues are that:
⚫ Buying a house is too expensive (29 votes);
⚫ Rents are too high (26 votes);
⚫ There are not enough homes for sale (26 votes); and
⚫ There are not enough shelters or services for people experiencing or at risk of homelessness (21 votes).

These were followed by its’ too expensive to maintain a home as a homeowner (15 votes), a reason not listed (12 votes) and not enough housing for seniors or persons with disabilities (9 votes). The least common issues identified are housing sizes (5 votes), availability of places to rent (3 votes) and, housing conditions (1 vote). See Figure 1-5 for a visual representation of these results.

In response to “Which strategies do you think the City should prioritize,” the highest ranked strategies included:
⚫ Programs for people at risk of or experiencing homelessness (20 votes); ⚫ Supporting the development of affordable housing (20 votes); ⚫ Down payment assistance for homebuyers (16 votes); and ⚫ Accessible housing for seniors and residents with disabilities (12 votes).

Promoting accessory dwelling units, or ADUs, (10 votes), and programs for minor home repairs (10 votes) were also favored. See Figure 1-6 for a visual representation of these results.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1025 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
1-8 | INTRODUCTION UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Figure 1-5: Results from Activity Board 1: What are the greatest housing issues facing our community?
Source: Farmer’s Market Activity Board Responses, February 2022 Figure 1-6: Results from Activity Board 2: Which strategies do you think the City should prioritize? Source: Farmer’s Market Activity Board Responses, February 2022 1 3
5 9
12 15
21 23
26 29
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Housing conditions are poor
Not enough places to rent
Housing sizes don’t meet family needs
Not enough housing for seniors or people with disabilities Other
Too expensive to maintain my home as a property owner
Not enough shelter or services for people experiencing
homelessness
Not enough homes for sale
Rents are too high
Buying a house is too expensive
4 7
10 11
12 16
20 20
0 5 10 15 20 25
Tenant protections for renters
Other
Minor home repair program
Promote accessory dwelling units (i.e., granny flat, second units, backyard cottage)
Accessible housing for seniors and people with disabilities Down payment assistance for homebuyers
Support development of affordable housing
Programs for people experiencing or at risk of homelessness City Council/RSA Agenda 1026 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 INTRODUCTION | 1-9 Community Workshops
The project team conducted two virtual workshops on February 24, and February 28, 2022, to educate the community on the purpose of the Housing Element and to collect input on community needs and key housing issues facing residents. A presentation of Housing Element requirements, overall process, and preliminary analysis of housing needs and opportunities was provided. Both workshops were held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic and Alameda County health orders in place at the time. The workshop on February 28 was presented in English and Spanish with a translated presentation and live interpretation.

To advertise the workshop, the City employed the same strategy as the online survey. City staff provided information on the project webpage, sent email notices to the project listserv (i.e., individuals signing up through the project website), local agencies, community organizations, and other stakeholders in the city. The City also engaged with both the New Haven Unified School District and the City’s Pastor’s Alliance to broaden the outreach strategy to include families and faith based organizations. In addition, the City distributed flyers (as shown in Figure 1-7) at City Hall and the Union City Library; and coordinated with a local organization, Centro de Servicios, to distribute flyers in the Decoto neighborhoods.

Following the workshops, both the English and Spanish presentations and recordings were posted on the City website for people to watch on their own time.

Figure 1-7: Flyers to Advertise Outreach Events in English and Spanish Source: Union City and Ascent, 2022. See Appendix A for flyers in English, Spanish, Mandarin, Hindi, and Tagalog.

Planning Commission and City Council Study Sessions
After the release of the Public Review Draft Housing Element on June 13, 2022, the Planning Commission held a meeting July 7, 2022 to review the plan and solicit feedback before submitting the Draft Housing Element to the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) for State-mandated review.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1027 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
1-10 | INTRODUCTION UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 Public Comment Received During HCD Review
During the HCD Review process, the City received two comment letters from YIMBY Law and Greenbelt Alliance. The comments were generally focused on the lack of housing production during the 5th Cycle RHNA period. The City acknowledges that housing production fell short of the 5th cycle RHNA and anticipates that housing production will be much higher in the upcoming cycle.

There are several housing projects that have been approved and are in the pipeline and the City has created more capacity for additional housing development through the recently adopted General Plan (2019) and Station District Specific Plan (2022). Comments received on the Housing Element can be found in Appendix A.

Additional Outreach During Housing Element Adoption
Leading up to adoption Housing Element adoption, the City will focus its community engagement strategy with established community-based organizations at community focal points to involve residents in specific neighborhoods, particularly the City’s Decoto and Historic Alvarado District neighborhoods. By partnering with local service providers and non-profits in and around these neighborhoods who play key roles in community advocacy and outreach the City will achieve more direct targeted outreach in distinct geographies. Specifically, the City will target local faith-based organizations in these neighborhoods through the City’s Pastor Alliance to foster engagement with these organizations throughout specific neighborhoods and communities in the City. The City will also look to partner with local nonprofits like Centro de Servicios, whose main office is located in the heart of the Decoto neighborhood, Union City Family Center, and the Tiburcio Vasquez Health Center, which are also located in the Decoto neighborhood, to engage the surrounding community.

Further, the City will partner with the local Farmer’s Market located in the Historic Alvarado District as well as the City’s local community centers throughout the City to provide information and engage local residents attending the market, and those who access those community centers, about the Housing Element update process. After adoption of the Housing Element, the City through Program HE-6.E, will continue to work to increase awareness and build capacity among historically underrepresented populations and look for opportunities to expand its outreach and public education on available housing services and programs to reach vulnerable and at-risk households.

Summary of Community Feedback
The input received from community stakeholders was used to inform and understand the needs and priorities in Union City and has been incorporated into the Housing Element. This local knowledge has helped to identify local fair housing issues and constraints and has been used to inform the development of policies and programs presented in the Housing Element. See Chapters 4 (Fair Housing Assessment), 6 (Potential Housing Constraints), and 8 (Goals, Policies, & Programs) for more information. The following is a summary of the feedback heard during the public participation process for the Housing Element update.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1028 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 INTRODUCTION | 1-11 Top Housing Issues Facing Union City Residents
⚫ Buying a house is too expensive in the city. Housing costs are too high (specifically mentioned property taxes, utility bills, permitting fees)
 Fees are high, but schools are rated poorly
⚫ Rents are too high
⚫ Not enough homes are for sale
⚫ Want to move but can’t find or afford a home that meet’s family’s needs ⚫ It is more common for adults to live with parents or other family members due to inability to afford a home on their own
⚫ Lack funding to be able to maintain home or make necessary repairs Top Suggested Strategies to Prioritize
⚫ Lower housing rental and sales prices
⚫ Streamline the process for homeowners to make home improvements ⚫ Strengthen programs for income-based assistance for housing rehabilitation and maintenance ⚫ Strengthen down payment assistance programs
 Provide education and support for first-time homebuyers who may not qualify for incomebased assistance ⚫ Provide more assistance for seniors
⚫ Provide programs to support people at risk of or experiencing homelessness ⚫ Support development of affordable housing
⚫ Encourage mixed income developments
⚫ Encourage higher density housing near public transportation and shopping Other Community Concerns
⚫ Concern about growing increase in homelessness
⚫ Concern about traffic, parking, and road improvements ⚫ Concern about infrastructure capacity
⚫ Concern about losing green space, open space, farmland

City Council/RSA Agenda 1029 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
SECOND REVISED HCD REVIEW DRAFT | APRIL 2023MAY 2023
1-12 | INTRODUCTION UNION CITY HOUSING ELEMENT 2023-2031 This page intentionally left blank.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1030 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
The Existing Needs Assessment provides information on Union City’s current demographic and housing characteristics, illustrating how it is similar to or different from the county or region. This section begins with a description of population and employment characteristics of Union City and then discusses projections for growth, household characteristics, housing supply, and housing affordability. The section also discusses the housing needs of “special” population groups as defined in State law. Data for Union City, Alameda County, and the Bay Area are presented for comparison or when city-level data is not available.

Demographic and Employment Profile
The purpose of the Demographic and Employment profile is to establish “baseline” population and employment characteristics for Union City. The main source of the information is the 2021 PreApproved Housing Element Data Package from the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) and the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD), and the 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS) from the U.S. Census, but data is also included for years between 2000 and 2021 to demonstrate trends. Other sources of information include the following:
the California Department of Finance (DOF), the California Employment Development Department (EDD), the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and local economic data (e.g., home sales prices, rents, wages).

Demographics
Population
The Bay Area is the fifth largest metropolitan area in the nation and has seen a steady increase in population since 1990, except for a dip during the Great Recession (see Figure 2-1). Many cities in the region have experienced significant growth in jobs and population. While these trends have led to a corresponding increase in demand for housing across the region, the regional production of housing has largely not kept pace with job and population growth.

Union City’s population grew by 24 percent between 1990 and 2000. However, between 2000 and 2020, the population in Union City increased by only 10 percent; this rate is below that of the region, which increased by 16 percent in the same time period (see Table 2-1). Alameda County saw the greatest growth in population between 2010 and 2020. In this span of time, the population in the county increased by 11 percent while the population in the Bay Area only increased by 9 percent and 6 percent in Union City. The population in Union City was estimated to be 73,637 in 2020, accounting for about 4 percent of the population in Alameda County.

City Council/RSA Agenda 1031 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-1: Regional Population Trends, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area,1990-2020 The data shown on the graph represents population for the jurisdiction, county, and region indexed to the population in the year 1990. The data points represent the population growth (i.e., percent change) in each of these geographies relative to their populations in 1990.

Source: California Department of Finance, E-5 series. (ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021).

TABLE 2-1: POPULATION GROWTH, UNION CITY AND SELECTED AREAS (2000-2020) Geography 1990 2000 2010 2020
Percent
Change
1990-
2000
Percent
Change
2000-
2010
Percent
Change
2010-
2020
Percent
Change
2000-
2020
Union City 53,762 66,869 69,516 73,637 24% 4% 6% 10%
Alameda
County
1,276,702 1,443,939 1,510,271 1,670,834 13% 5% 11% 16%
Bay Area 6,020,147 6,784,348 7,150,739 7,790,537 13% 5% 9% 15% Source: California Department of Finance, E-5 series. (ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021).

Age
The distribution of age groups in a city can shape what types of housing the community may need in the near future. An increase in the older population may mean there is a developing need for more senior housing options, while higher numbers of children and young families can point to the need for more family housing options and related services. There has also been a move by many older residents to age-in-place or downsize to stay within their communities, which can mean more multifamily and accessible units are also needed.
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
1990199219941996199820002002200420062008201020122014201620182020 Index (Year %s = Index 100)
Index
Union City
Index
Alameda County
Index
Bay Area
City Council/RSA Agenda 1032 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
In Union City, the median age in 2000 was 32; by 2019 the median age increased to 39 years. More specifically, the population of those 24 and under has decreased since 2010, while the population 55 and over has increased (see Figure 2-2).

Figure 2-2: Population by Age, Union City, 2000 and 2019 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 SF1, Table P12; U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2010 SF1, Table P12; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B01001. (ABAG Pre-Approved Data Package, April 2021).

Race and Ethnicity
Understanding the racial makeup of a city and region is important for designing and implementing effective housing policies and programs. These patterns can be shaped by both market factors and government actions, such as exclusionary zoning, discriminatory lending practices and displacement that has occurred over time and continues to impact communities of color today.

According to the 2015-2019 ACS five-year estimates, Union City has a more diverse population than the county and the Bay Area. Figure 2-3 shows a breakdown of the population in Union City by race and ethnicity shown from 2000-2019 and Figure 2-4 compares the population by race and ethnicity in Union City, Alameda County, and the Bay Area in 2019.

Since 2000, the Asian and Pacific Islanders (API), Non-Hispanic population increased the most while the White, Non-Hispanic population decreased the most (see Figure 2-3). It should be noted that the racial category of “Asian” encompasses a diversity of cultures represented in Union City, including Filipino, Indian, Southeast Asian, Chinese, and many other Asian cultures. In general, the percentage of residents in Union City identifying as White has decreased while the percentage of residents of all other races and ethnicities has increased by 5.9 percentage points. In 2019, the non-White and Hispanic population combined (11,544 people) made up 85 percent of the overall population.

Compared to the region, the Asian/API proportion of the population in Union City (55 percent) is nearly two times that in the Bay Area (27 percent) in 2019. Conversely, White, Non-Hispanic residents comprise 39 percent of the population in the Bay Area, 31 percent of the population in Alameda County, and only 15 percent of the population in Union City in 2019. This difference in settlement patterns by race and ethnicity is discussed in more detail in Chapter 4, Fair Housing Assessment. 7%
16%
14%
16%
17%
14%
8%
5%
3%
1%
5%
10%
11%
17%
14%
13% 13%
10%
4%
2%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
Age 0-4 Age 5-14 Age 15-
24 Age 25-
34 Age 35-
44 Age 45-
54 Age 55-
64 Age 65-
74 Age 75-
84 Age 85+
2000 2019
City Council/RSA Agenda 1033 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Hispanic or Latinx populations are tabulated as an ethnic group, separate from race. Hispanic or Latinx includes those who identify as having Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity and may also be members of any racial group. Union City has a slightly lower percentage (20 percent) of Hispanic/Latinx groups than Alameda County as a whole (22 percent) and the Bay Area (24 percent).

Figure 2-3: Population by Race and Ethnicity*, Union City, 2000-2019 *The Census Bureau defines Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity separate from racial categories. For the purposes of this graph, the “Hispanic or Latinx” racial/ethnic group represents those who identify as having Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity and may also be members of any racial group. All other racial categories on this graph represent those who identify with that racial category and do not identify with Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000, Table P004; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B03002. ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021. 46%
52% 55%
7%
6%
21% 14% 15%
25% 23% 20%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2000 2010 2019
Share of Population
Hispanic or Latinx*
Other Race or Multiple Races,
Non-Hispanic
White, Non-Hispanic
Black or African American,
Non-Hispanic
Asian / API, Non-Hispanic
American Indian or Alaska
Native, Non-Hispanic
City Council/RSA Agenda 1034 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-4: Regional Population by Race and Ethnicity, * Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2019
*The Census Bureau defines Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity separate from racial categories. For the purposes of this graph, the “Hispanic or Latinx” racial/ethnic group represents those who identify as having Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity and may also be members of any racial group. All other racial categories on this graph represent those who identify with that racial category and do not identify with Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B03002. ABAG/HCD Preapproved Data Package, April 2021.

Non-English Speakers
California has long been an immigration gateway to the United States, which means that many languages are spoken throughout the Bay Area. Since learning a new language is universally challenging, it is not uncommon for residents who have immigrated to the United States to have limited English proficiency. This limit can lead to additional disparities if there is a disruption in housing, such as an eviction, because residents might not be aware of their rights, or they might be wary to engage due to immigration status concerns. In Union City, 7 percent of residents 5 years and older identify as speaking English not well or not at all, which is similar to the percentage of residents in Alameda County and the broader region (Figure 2-5). 55%
31% 27%
5%
10%
6%
15%
31%
39%
5% 5% 5%
20% 22% 24%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%
100.0%
Union City Alameda
County
Bay Area
Percent of Population
Hispanic or Latinx*
Other Race or Multiple
Races, Non-Hispanic
White, Non-Hispanic
Black or African American,
Non-Hispanic
Asian / API, Non-Hispanic
American Indian or Alaska
Native, Non-Hispanic
City Council/RSA Agenda 1035 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-5: Population with Limited English Proficiency, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2019
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B16005. ABAG/HCD Preapproved Data Package, April 2021.

Income and Employment
Local demand for housing is significantly impacted by income, employment characteristics, and regional job growth. To effectively address the housing and jobs relationship, this section analyzes household income and employment characteristics for Union City and Alameda County.

Household Income
Despite the economic and job growth experienced throughout the region since 1990, the income gap has continued to widen. California is one of the most economically unequal states in the nation, and the Bay Area has the highest income inequality between high- and low-income households in the state.1
In Union City, 56 percent of households make more than the Area Median Income (AMI), compared to 10 percent making less than 30 percent of AMI, which is considered extremely low-income (see Figure 2-6).

See Table 2-4 for the breakdown of 2021 income limits by persons per household in Alameda County. 1 Bohn, S.et al. 2020. Income Inequality and Economic Opportunity in California. Public Policy Institute of California. 7% 8% 8%
93% 92% 92%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%
100.0%
Union City Alameda County Bay Area
Percent of Population aged 5 and over
Population 5 Years and Over Who Speak English "Well" or "Very well" Population 5 Years and Over Who Speak English "Not well" or "Not at all" City Council/RSA Agenda 1036 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-6: Household Income Distribution, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2017 Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) ACS tabulation, 2013-2017 release. ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021.

Regionally, more than half of all households make more than 100 percent AMI, while 15 percent make less than 30 percent AMI. In Alameda County, 30 percent AMI is the equivalent to an annual income of $34,850 for a family of four. Many households with multiple wage earners — including food service workers, full-time students, teachers, farmworkers, and healthcare professionals — can fall into lower AMI categories due to relatively stagnant wages in many industries.

The median household income in Union City was $128,108 in 2019, which was higher than the countywide median income of $108,322 and significantly higher than the statewide median household income of $80,440.

Employment Trends
Job Growth
Between 2002 and 2018, the number of jobs in Union City increased by 67.1 percent from 20,238 jobs in 2002 to 33,813 jobs in 2018 (see Figure 2-7). Most of this job growth was in the professional and managerial services industry, which grew from 2,175 jobs in 2014 to 9,270 jobs in 2015 and 12,993 jobs by 2016. Whereas in 2002 manufacturing and wholesale was the largest industry sector in Union City, by 2018 professional and managerial services became the largest industry sector in the city (see Figure 2-8).
10% 16% 15%
11%
11% 11%
14%
12% 13%
10%
9% 9%
56% 53% 52%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%
100.0%
Union City Alameda
County
Bay Area
Percent of Households
Greater than 100% of AMI
81%-100% of AMI
51%-80% of AMI
31%-50% of AMI
0%-30% of AMI
City Council/RSA Agenda 1037 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-7: Jobs in Union City, 2002-2018
Note: The data is tabulated by place of work, regardless of where a worker lives. The source data is provided at the census block level. These are crosswalked to jurisdictions and summarized.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics, Workplace Area Characteristics (WAC) files, 2002-2018. ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021. 20,238 21,456 20,451
35,050 33,813
0 5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
2002 2007 2012 2017
Jobs
City Council/RSA Agenda 1038 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-8: Job Growth by Industry, Union City, 2002-2018 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics, Workplace Area Characteristics (WAC) files, 2002-2018.

Resident Employment by Sector
Figure 2-9 shows the industries in which Union City residents are employed. The largest industry in which Union City residents work is Health and Educational Services (27 percent of resident workers), which is also the largest sector both countywide and, in the Bay Area, (30 percent of resident workers). Union City has more residents employed in Manufacturing, Wholesale, and Transportation (24 percent) relative to the county and the region (17 percent for both county and region). This is because of the relatively large industrial base in Union City and Hayward. 0 5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
20022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018 Jobs
Agriculture & Natural Resources Arts, Recreation & Other Services Construction Financial & Leasing
Government Health & Educational Services
Information Manufacturing & Wholesale
Professional & Managerial Services Retail
Transportation & Utilities
City Council/RSA Agenda 1039 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-9: Resident Employment by Industry, Union City, Alameda County, Bay Area, 2019 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table C24030. ABAG/HCD Preapproved Data Package, April 2021.

Balance of Jobs and Housing
A city houses employed residents who either work in the community where they live or work elsewhere in the region. If there are more jobs than employed residents, it means a city is relatively jobs-rich, typically also with a high job to household ratio. Smaller cities typically will have more employed residents than jobs and therefore export workers, while larger cities tend to have a surplus of jobs and import workers. Silicon Valley and the Bay Area region are some of the largest and fastest growing job centers in the state. As shown in Figure 2-9, Union City has a higher jobshousehold ratio than the county and the Bay Area region due to recent increases in the number of jobs in the city. In fact, the jobs-household ratio in Union City has increased from 1.05 jobs per household in 2002, to 1.65 jobs per household in 2018 (see Figure 2-10). 5% 5% 6%
24% 26% 26%
27%
30% 30%
4%
4% 4%
24%
17% 17%
10% 9% 9%
7% 8% 8%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%
100.0%
Union City Alameda
County
Bay Area
Share of Employed Residents
Other
Retail
Manufacturing, Wholesale &
Transportation
Information
Health & Educational
Services
Financial & Professional
Services
Construction
Agriculture & Natural
Resources
City Council/RSA Agenda 1040 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-10: Jobs-Household Ratio, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2002-2018 Notes: (1) The data is tabulated by place of work, regardless of where a worker lives. The source data is provided at the census block level. These are crosswalked to jurisdictions and summarized. (2) The ratio compares place of work wage and salary jobs with households, or occupied housing units.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics, Workplace Area Characteristics (WAC) files (Jobs), 2002-2018; California Department of Finance, E-5 (Households). ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021.

Unemployment
In Union City, there was a 3.5 percentage point decrease in the unemployment rate between January 2010 and January 2021. As shown in Figure 2-11, unemployment in Union City was at its lowest (2.7 percent) in 2019 and at its highest (14.6 percent) in 2020. Jurisdictions throughout the nation experienced a sharp rise in unemployment in 2020 due to impacts related to the COVID-19 pandemic, though with a general improvement and recovery in the later months of 2020. Unemployment trends in Union City generally follow countywide and regional unemployment trends.

0.80 0.90

1.00 1.10

1.20 1.30

1.40 1.50

1.60 1.70

1.80 Ratio
Union City Alameda County Bay Area
City Council/RSA Agenda 1041 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-11: Average Unemployment Rates, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2010-2021 Source: California Employment Development Department, Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS), Sub-county areas monthly updates, 2010-2021. ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021.

Population, Household, and Employment
Projections
The Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) releases regional projections every two years for population, households, jobs, and employed residents. The following section presents the most recent forecasts and projections available at the city-level covering the period between 2010 and 2040. These projections extend beyond the time horizon for this Housing Element. It should be noted that ABAG’s 2040 projections are based on Plan Bay Area 2040, a prior regional plan that was superseded by Plan Bay Area 2050. However, Plan Bay Area 2050 projections are only available at the county and sub-county level, not at the city level.

Population Projections
Union City's population is expected to grow moderately through 2040. As Table 2-2 indicates, the population in the city is projected to grow to 79,845 by 2040, representing an increase of 3,630 residents from the city’s estimated 2020 population of 76,215. 0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Percent of Labor Force that is Unemployed
Union City Alameda County Bay Area
City Council/RSA Agenda 1042 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
TABLE 2-2: POPULATION PROJECTIONS, UNION CITY AND ALAMEDA COUNTY, 2020-2040 Year
Union City Alameda County
Population Persons per
Household Population Persons per Household
2020 76,215 3.39 1,711,460 2.71
2030 78,100 3.37 1,868,635 2.73
2040 79,845 3.47 2,092,370 2.78
2020-2040 CHANGE +3,630 +0.08 +380,910 +0.07
2020-2040 % CHANGE 5% 2.4% 22% 2.6%
Source: Association of Bay Area Governments, Projections 2040.

Employment Projections
As shown in Table 2-3, the number of jobs in Union City is anticipated to continue to grow according to the ABAG 2040 projections. As more jobs become available in Union City, maintaining a balance of housing growth will be crucial to the city and can help to reduce commutes, alleviate traffic congestion, and the associated environmental and social impacts. The number of jobs in Union City is projected to grow to 28,105 by 2040, representing an increase of 4,040 jobs from 2020. By 2040 Union City is projected to comprise 2.9 percent of the total county jobs.

TABLE 2-3: EMPLOYMENT PROJECTIONS, UNION CITY AND ALAMEDA COUNTY, 2020-2040 Year Union City Total Jobs Alameda County Total Jobs
2020 24,065 858,685
2030 26,120 901,080
2040 28,105 952,940
2020-2040 CHANGE +4,040 +94,255
2020-2040 % CHANGE 17% 11%
Source: Association of Bay Area Governments, Projections 2040.

Household Characteristics
This section analyzes household characteristics, such as tenure and income. It summarizes the profile of Union City and Alameda County residents living in private households, whether they are renters or owners, and if the household is overcrowded.

Tenure
Tenure is a measure of the rates of homeownership and renter occupancy in a jurisdiction.

Analyzing trends related to housing tenure can help identify the level of housing insecurity — ability for individuals to stay in their homes — in a city and region. Generally, renters may be displaced more quickly if prices increase. In Union City there are a total of 21,852 households. As shown in Figure 2-12, most households are owner-occupied (65 percent) compared to 35 percent that are renter occupied. Rates of homeownership are higher in Union City than in Alameda County and the City Council/RSA Agenda 1043 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Bay Area region. This is reflective of the suburban nature of Union City relative to the region.

However, with the recent increase in multifamily development since 2010, there has been a corresponding increase in residents renting in the city (see Figure 2-13).

Figure 2-12: Housing Tenure, Union City, Alameda County, and Bay Area, 2019 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25003. ABAG/HCD Preapproved Data Package, April 2021.

Figure 2-13: Housing Tenure 2000-2019
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 SF1, Table H04; U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2010 SF1, Table H04; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25003. ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021.
65%
54% 56%
35%
46% 44%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%
100.0%
Union City Alameda County Bay Area
Percent of Households
Owner Occupied Renter Occupied
71%
66% 65%
29%
34% 35%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2000 2010 2019
Owners Renters
City Council/RSA Agenda 1044 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Housing Tenure by Race
Homeownership rates often vary considerably across race/ethnicity in the Bay Area and throughout the country. These disparities not only reflect differences in income and wealth but also stem from federal, state, and local policies that limited access to homeownership for communities of color while facilitating homebuying for white residents. While many of these policies, such as redlining, have been formally disbanded, the impacts of race-based policy are still evident across Bay Area communities.2In Union City, 40.9 percent of Black households own their homes, while homeownership rates were 71.5 percent for Asian households, 56.1 percent for Latinx households, and 68.4 percent for White households (see Figure 2-14). Notably, recent changes to state law require local jurisdictions to examine these dynamics and other fair housing issues when updating their Housing Elements, see Chapter 4 for the City’s assessment of fair housing and more information.

Figure 2-14: Housing Tenure by Race* of Householder, Union City, 2019 * The Census Bureau does not disaggregate racial groups by Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity in the source of this information (Table B01001), so each racial category accounts for Hispanic / non-Hispanic ethnic characteristics.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25003(A-I). ABAG/HCD Preapproved Data Package, April 2021. 2 See, for example, Rothstein, R. (2017). The color of law: a forgotten history of how our government segregated America.

New York, NY & London, UK: Liveright Publishing. 95 8,309 541
2,140
1,687
3,649
2,952
37 3,307
783
1,673
1,760
1,684
1,407
0 1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
American
Indian or
Alaska Native
(Hispanic and
Non-Hispanic)
Asian / API
(Hispanic and
Non-Hispanic)
Black or
African
American
(Hispanic and
Non-Hispanic)
Hispanic or
Latinx
Other Race or
Multiple Races
(Hispanic and
Non-Hispanic)
White
(Hispanic and
Non-Hispanic)
White, NonHispanic
Households
Owner Occupied Renter Occupied
City Council/RSA Agenda 1045 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Housing Tenure by Age
The age of residents who rent or own their home can also signal the housing challenges a community is experiencing. Younger households tend to rent and may struggle to buy a first home in the Bay Area due to high housing costs. At the same time, senior homeowners seeking to downsize may have limited options in an expensive housing market.

In Union City, 53.0 percent of householders between the ages of 25 and 44 are renters, while 24.1 percent of householders over 65 are renters (see Figure 2-15).

Figure 2-15: Housing Tenure by Age, Union City, 2019
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25007. ABAG/HCD Preapproved Data Package, April 2021.

Tenure by Housing Type
In most cities, homeownership rates for households in single-family homes are substantially higher than the rates for households in multi-family housing. In Union City, 84.0 percent of households in detached single-family homes are homeowners, while 12.0 percent of households in multi-family housing are homeowners (see Figure 2-16). No households occupying a boat, van, or RV, were documented in Union City.
9%
38%
53%
73% 78% 83% 82%
73%
55%
91%
62%
47%
27% 22% 17% 18%
27%
45%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Age 15-
24 Age 25-
34 Age 35-
44 Age 45-
54 Age 55-
59 Age 60-
64 Age 65-
74 Age 75-
84 Age
85+
Percent of Households
Owner Occupied Renter Occupied
City Council/RSA Agenda 1046 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-16: Housing Tenure by Housing Type, Union City, 2019 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25032. ABAG/HCD Preapproved Data Package, April 2021.

Household Income
Throughout the region, there are disparities between the incomes of homeowners and renters.

Typically, the number of low-income renters greatly outpaces the amount of housing available that is affordable for these households. As shown in Figure 2-17, 63 percent of homeowners are in the above moderate-income bracket (greater than 100 percent of the AMI) and 28 percent are in the lower-income bracket. Comparatively, 49 percent of renters are lower income while 41 percent have an above-moderate income.

Figure 2-17: Household Income Level by Tenure, Union City, 2017 Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) ACS tabulation, 2013-2017 release. ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021. 84%
58%
12%
78%
16%
42%
88%
22%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Detached
Single-Family
Homes
Attached
Single-Family
Homes
Multi-Family
Housing
Mobile Homes Boat, RV, Van,
or Other
Percent of Households
Owner Occupied Renter Occupied
7%
17%
10% 13% 11%
19%
10% 10%
63%
41%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Owner Occupied Renter Occupied
0%-30% of AMI 31%-50% of AMI 51%-80% of AMI
81%-100% of AMI Greater than 100% of AMI
City Council/RSA Agenda 1047 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Overcrowded Housing
The Census defines an overcrowded unit as one occupied by 1.01 persons or more per room (excluding bathrooms and kitchens). Units with more than 1.5 persons per room are considered severely overcrowded. Overcrowding increases health and safety concerns and stresses the condition of the housing stock and infrastructure. Overcrowding is strongly related to household size, particularly for large households and especially very large households, and the availability of suitably sized housing. Overcrowding impacts both owners and renters; however, renters are generally more significantly impacted.

Overcrowding occurs when the number of people living in a household is greater than the home was designed to hold. There are several different standards for defining overcrowding, but this report uses the Census Bureau definition, which is more than one occupant per room (not including bathrooms or kitchens). Additionally, the Census Bureau considers units with more than 1.5 occupants per room to be severely overcrowded. Overcrowding in households typically results from either a lack of affordable housing (which forces more than one household to live together) and/or a lack of available housing units of adequate size.

Overcrowding is often related to the cost of housing and can occur when demand in a city or region is high. In many cities, overcrowding is seen more amongst those that are renting, with multiple households sharing a unit to make it possible to stay in their communities. In Union City, 7 percent of households that rent are severely overcrowded (more than 1.5 occupants per room), compared to 1 percent of households that own (see Figure 2-18). In Union City, 14 percent of renters experience moderate overcrowding (1 to 1.5 occupants per room), compared to 5 percent for those who own.

Figure 2-18: Overcrowding by Tenure and Severity, Union City, 2017 Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) ACS tabulation, 2013-2017 release. ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021. 5%
14%
1%
7%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%
Owner Occupied Renter Occupied
Percent of Households

1.0 to 1.5 Occupants per Room More than 1.5 Occupants per Room City Council/RSA Agenda 1048 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Overcrowding often disproportionately impacts low-income households. 2.4 percent of very lowincome households (below 50 percent AMI) experience severe overcrowding, while 1.3 percent of households above 100 percent AMI experience this level of overcrowding (see Figure 2-19).

Figure 2-19: Overcrowding by Income Level and Severity, Union City, 2017 Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) ACS tabulation, 2013-2017 release. ABAG/HCD Pre-approved Data Package, April 2021.

Communities of color are more likely to experience overcrowding similar to how they are more likely to experience poverty, financial instability, and housing insecurity. People of color tend to experience overcrowding at higher rates than White residents. In Union City, the racial group with the largest overcrowding rate is Other Race or Multiple Races followed by Hispanic/Latinx (see Figure 2-20).

4.7%

9.8%

7.2%

8.0%

6.6%

2.4% 2.6%

3.5% 3.2%

1.3%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%
0%-30% of AMI 31%-50% of
AMI
51%-80% of
AMI
81%-100% of
AMI
Greater than
100% of AMI
Percent of Households

1.0 to 1.5 Occupants per Room More than 1.5 Occupants per Room City Council/RSA Agenda 1049 Tuesday, May 23, 2023
Figure 2-20: Overcrowding by Race*, Union City, 2019
* The Census Bureau does not disaggregate racial groups by Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity in the source of this information (Table B01001), so each racial category accounts for Hispanic / non-Hispanic ethnic characteristics.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25014. ABAG/HCD Preapproved Data Package, April 2021.

Housing Stock Characteristics
While the previous section discussed the characteristics of persons living in households, this section provides information about the supply of existing housing in Union City, Alameda County, and the Bay Area as well as the age, vacancy, and structural condition of the units.

Housing Units
According to California Department of Finance (DOF), Union City had 21,839 housing units as of 2020. The housing stock of Union City in 2020 was made up of 63 percent single family detached homes, 13 percent single family attached homes, 4 percent multifamily homes with two to four units, 16 percent multifamily homes with five or more units, and 5 percent mobile homes (see Figure 2-21). The housing type that experienced the most growth in the city between 2010 and 2020 was multifamily housing with five or more units. According to DOF, in Alameda County as a whole, 52 percent of the housing stock in 2020 is single family detached units, 8 percent single family attached units, 11 percent multifamily with two to four units, 28 percent multifamily units with five or more units, and 1.3 percent mobile homes. The housing mix in Union City is less diverse than the housing mix countywide.
11%
1%
19%
23%
7%
6%