Agenda, third session — Ventura City Council, July 10, 2023 (part 2 of 2)

Additionally, having access to clean electricity makes supporting the transition to electric vehicles across Ventura more beneficial. To date, the City has adopted an EV Accelerator Plan and is installing electric vehicle charging stations in public parking facilities.

Performance Metrics
• Participation rate in CPA 100% Green tier
• Number of (or size of) solar installations on commercial buildings • Number of battery storage systems installed

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Clean Energy - Carbon Free Electricity

CE 12.1 CPA Participation
Maintain City membership in Clean Power Alliance (CPA) and continue to work to maintain a minimum of 95% of private property owner participation in CPA at the 100% Green tier. 29F 30 Implementation Actions:

1. Conduct outreach to identify barriers for large
users and/or sectors to participate at the 100%
Green Power Tier or SCE equivalent.

2. Partner with CPA to develop and conduct a
robust awareness and education campaign to
boost enrollment.

30 CE 1.1 addresses private property. See the Climate Leadership Action Plan for strategies related to municipal facilities.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability
Division, PIO/Comms

66 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

Clean Energy - Alternative Energy Sources

CE 21.1 Community Solar Programs and Projects
Support SCE and CPA’s development of residential and commercial community solar and storage programs and projects.

Implementation Actions:

1. Collaborate with CBOs to expand on existing
solar programs 30F
31, such as Community
Environmental Council’s Solarize and Grid
Alternative’s low -cost renewable energy
installations, by providing resources to assist in
the installation of single family and multi -
family solar and energy storage projects.

2. Identify sites for the possible installation of
community solar.

3. Assess the feasible locations identified in the
communitywide renewable energy generation analysis under CEQA.

4. Set a goal for the number of commercial energy storage projects within the city and provide regular updates on meeting the goal.

5. Work with City Council to support community solar projects.

6. Support commercial pilot projects utilizing thermal energy storage, energy storage, dispatchable storage, back -up power at critical facilities, and microgrid development. Support includes outreach for completed projects.

6.7. As appropriate, work with the California legislature, Energy Commission , and Public Utility Commission to require bi-directional charging capacity in new EVs sold in the state so they can serve as battery backup in homes in peak hours.

7.8. Share data as needed to develop successful projects and programs.

8.9. Collaborate with CBOs and Housing Authority of the Ccity of San Buenaventura to attain and use grant funding, such as the Community Development Block Grants, to cover both labor and equipment for renewable energy and energy storage at affordable housing projects.

9.10. Conduct outreach to residents about subscripti on to community solar projects through the City’s Environmental Sustainability website, Sustainable Ventura Newsletter, social media, press releases, City Council, and staff attendance at ribbon cutting events.

31 Existing solar programs include Community Environmental Council’s Solarize and Solar on Multifamily Affordable Housing program (SOMAH), and Grid Alternative’s low-cost renewable energy installations.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division,
PIO/Comms
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CE 21.2 Approval Processes for Solar, Battery Storage Systems, and EV Charging

Establish a streamlined approval process for solar, battery storage system, and EV charging and reduce or eliminate permitting fees to encourage the addition of battery storage.

Implementation Actions:

1. Review current permitting procedures . Work
with Ventura City Fire Department and other
relevant agencies to review their policies to
determine if they negatively affect local
renewable integration and installation of
energy storage projects. If problematic policies
are identified, explore opportunities for
revisions that would allow for more of these
types of energy projects.

2. Determine eligibility criteria for systems that qualify for expedited permitting and provide permitting checklist.

3. Explore the potential to allow for digital signatures and online permit application submittals.

4. Shorten the inspection process to one inspection for qualifying systems.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development,
Environmental
Sustainability Division

68 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan CE 21.3 Solar Reach Code for Nonresidential New Construction Investigate and implement a reach code to establish minimum kilowatt (kW) of solar installation requirements for nonresidential new construction above a specific size.

Implementation Actions:

1. Engage with stakeholders including City staff
and officials, and external stakeholders, such
as local developers regarding the purpose and
impact of the reach code.

2. Conduct a cost effectiveness study or utilize
studies developed by the CEC.

3. Develop and draft an ordinance.

4. Submit the adopted ordinance to the California
Energy Commission (CEC) and California
Building Standards Commission (CBSC).

GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development,
Environmental
Sustainability Division
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Clean Energy - Carbon Free Electricity

CE 2.1 CPA Participation
Maintain City membership in Clean Power Alliance (CPA) and continue to work to maintain a minimum of 95% of private property owner participation in CPA at the 100% Green tier.

Implementation Actions:

GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division,
PIO/Comms

70 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

1. Conduct outreach to identify barriers for large
users and/or sectors to participate at the 100%
Green Power Tier or SCE equivalent.

2.1. Partner with CPA to develop and conduct a
robust awareness and education campaign to
boost enrollment.

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| 71
New Construction
Buildings are the primary users of energy (electricity and natural gas) within the city and the main vehicle to reduce energy -related emissions. Electricity use in residential and nonresidential buildings accounts for 14% of community emissions and natural gas use accounts for 20% of community emissions. There are two main approaches to reduce emissions in buildings. The first is improved energy efficiency of new and existing buildings and the second is through the electrification of buildings. Electrification removes natural gas systems from buildings and uses electric alternatives to take advantage of the 100% carbon- free electricity provided by CPA.

The number of employees and residents in Ventura is expected to grow through 2045, and this growth will result in the construction of new residential and commercial buildings. New construction is governed by the California Building Code and must meet the California Green Building Standards (CALGreen), which include requirements for energy performance. The building code is updated every three years to reflect industry best practice s and increase the sustainability of new construction. However, to avoid developing greenhouse gas -emitting buildings and infrastructure with useful lives beyond the City’s emissions reduction goals, the City will make enhanced green building the standard for all new construction and major remodels. Going beyond CALGreen includes promoting all -electric new construction for both residential and nonresidential buildings by adopting a reach code.

Performance Metrics
• Number of all-electric new development projects
• Citywide natural gas use
• Number of new development projects that exceed CALGreen energy efficiency standards

72 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Built Environment, New Construction – Improved Energy Efficiency of New Construction

BNC 1.1 Green Building Design Guidelines
Develop Develop new or emulate existing design standardsguidelines for new residential and nonresidential construction that include passive design strategies ( i.e., minimizing solar reflectivity, implementing cool roofs, placing trees or vegetation to maximize shading, orienting building for ideal climate conditions including daylighting) and for maximizing solar resources (e.g., photovoltaic capacity of roof space, south facing windows).

Implementation Actions:

1. Draft green design guidelines and educational
materials.

2. Include green building resources in permit
application packets or permit incomplete
letters.

3. Promote green design guidelines to internal
stakeholders including Building and Planning,
and external stakeholders including
developers, property owners and managers.

BNC 1.2 CALGreen Tier 1 or 2 Energy Requirements for New Development Encourage new development to meet CALGreen Tier 1 or 2 energy efficiency requirements 31F 32 through a
combination of financial and development process incentives ( e.g., expedited permitting, F loor Area Ratio increases, etc.).

Implementation Actions:

1. Conduct outreach to determine effective
incentives and explain the benefits of
enhanced building performance.

2. Develop incentive program during next zoning
ordinance update.

3. Develop and distribute educational materials.

32 CA Housing and Community Development. (2023) CALGreen. https://www.hcd.ca.gov/building-standards/calgreen GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development
GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, air quality,
public health
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development
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BNC 1.3 CALGreen Tier 1 or 2 Energy Requirements for Remodels Encourage alterations or addition at least 50% of the size of the original building to meet CALGreen Tier 1 or 2 energy efficiency requirements 32F
33 through a combination of financial and development process incentives (e.g., expedited permitting, Floor Area Ratio increases, etc.).

Implementation Actions:

1. Conduct outreach to determine effective
incentives and explain the benefits of enhanced
building performance.

2. Develop incentive program during next zoning
ordinance update.

3. Develop and distribute educational materials.

BNC 1.4 Energy-Use Data
Update the City’s Development Review and Building Permit forms to request voluntary energy -related data, e.g., Home Energy Rating System (HERS) ratings for homes, Title 24, Part 6 compliance percentage, LEED certification level, etc. The City should update permitting software so Development Review and Building Permit staff can input energy-related data for CARP implementation tracking.

Implementation Actions:

1. Determine appropriate energy related
information to track.

2. Update Development Review and Building
Permit forms.

3. Update permitting software so Development
Review and Building Permit staff can input
energy-related data for CARP implementation
tracking.

33 CA Housing and Community Development. (2023) CALGreen. https://www.hcd.ca.gov/building-standards/calgreen GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, air quality,
public health
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development
GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, air quality,
public health
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development

74 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Built Environment, New Construction – All-Electric New Construction

BNC 2.1 Minimum Panel Capacity
Set minimum electric panel capacity standards for single family residential new construction at 20 0 amps.

Implementation Actions:

1. Amend building code to require a minimum
panel capacity of 200 amps for low rise
residential new construction.

2. File amendments with the California Building
Standards Commission (CBSC).

BNC 2.2 Residential All-Electric New Construction
Investigate and implement a localized reach code for new residential construction to prohibit or disincentivize connection to natural gas lines.

Implementation Actions:

1. Engage with stakeholders including City staff
and officials, and external stakeholders, such
as local developers regarding the purpose and
impact of the reach code.

2. Conduct a cost effectiveness study or utilize
studies developed by the California Energy
Commission (CEC).

3. Develop and draft an ordinance.

4. Submit the adopted ordinance to the CEC and
California Building Standards Commission
(CBSC).

GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, air quality,
public health
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development
GHG Reduction
Potential
Medium
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, air quality,
public health
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development
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Existing Buildings
Buildings are the primary users of energy (electricity and natural gas) within the city, and the main vehicle to reduce energy -related emissions. Electricity use in residential and nonresidential buildings accounts for 14% of community emissions and natural gas use accounts for 20% of community emissions. There are two main approaches to reduce emissions in buildings. The first is improved energy efficiency of new and existing buildings and the second is through the electrification of buildings. Electrification removes natural gas systems from buildings and uses electric alternatives to take advantage of the 100% carbon- free electricity provided by CPA.

Most building -related emissions are attributable to the existing building stock, which is much less efficient than new construction due to being built before building energy standards. Decarbonizing existing buildings is critical to meeting emissions reduction goals. There are many challenges associated with improving the performance of existing buildings including costs, rental/ownership status and split incentives, and technological constraints. However, benefits include healthier indoor air quality, reduced energy use and lower utility bills, and more resilient building systems. Improving existing buildings in Ventura would focus on electrification and promoting existing energy efficiency programs offered by utility companies.

Performance Metrics
• Number of electric panel upgrades
• Number of building electrification retrofits
• Number and type of retrofits in disadvantaged communities • Citywide natural gas use

76 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Built Environment, Existing Buildings – Improved Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings

BE 1.1 Energy and Water Benchmarking
Adopt energy and water benchmarking ordinance for commercial buildings over a specified square footage.

Implementation Actions:

1. Conduct a study to determine the appropriate
square footage threshold to capture additional
buildings than AB 802.

2. Engage with stakeholders including City staff,
nonresidential property owners and managers.

3. Draft and adopt an ordinance.

BE 1.2 Green Building Labeling Program
Collaborate with 3C -REN, Associations of Realtors, and other similar organizations to develop, and promote the benefits of, a real estate Green Building Labeling Program that recognizes residential and nonresidential properties that are energy efficient, have good HERS score, and incorporate green building techniques.

Implementation Actions:

1. Engage with stakeholders including residential
and nonresidential property owners,
managers, real estate agents, leasing brokers,
and Chamber of Commerce to explain the
benefits of providing a Home Energy Score.

2. Develop and distribute educational materials.

3. Encourage properties to take steps to improve
their Energy Score through utility energy
efficiency programs and other streamline
permitting process.

4. Partner with Associations of Realtors to provide information on IOU and CPA energy efficiency incentives and rebates to residential and nonr esidential property sellers and buyers. Support should be provided to sellers and buyers when they are submitting rebate and incentive applications during point-of-sale transactions.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Lower utility costs
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development
GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Lower utility costs,
improved climate literacy
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division
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BE 1.3 Energy Efficiency Programs and Incentives
Promote existing IOU an d state agency financing programs like the Residential Energy Efficiency Loan program that is designed to help homeowners and renters access competitive financing solutions for energy efficiency projects.

Implementation Actions:

1. Collaborate with property management firms
to develop a Green Commercial Lease
Agreement Checklist to support shared
landlord-tenant agreements that facilitate
financing for energy efficient retrofits to
renter-occupied buildings.

2. Partner with utilities to promote and
implement energy efficiency programs.

3. Track and report community participation.

4. Investigate the feasibil ity of developing a
Qualified Low-income Home Rehabilitation Loan program to finance home repairs eliminating health and safety hazards, increasing energy efficiency, and maintaining local housing stock.

5. Investigate developing a revolving loan fund or on -bill financing to help bring down the cost of residential and nonresidential energy efficiency retrofits and renewable energy projects not covered by IOUs or CPA.

BE 1.4 Energy and Climate Education and Incentives
Develop energy and climate education and incentive outreach materials in partnership with local contractors, energy leaders, IOUs, CPA, VCREA, and 3C-REN.

Implementation Actions:

1. Partner with utilities , CBOs , neighborhood
councils, and others to develop and promote
existing and new energy efficiency programs
and educational materials.

2. Offer these outreach materials at City planning
and building counters, during meetings, and
public events within the City of Ventura.

2.3. Provide outreach materials to CBOs,
neighborhood councils, and others extend
community outreach.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Lower utility costs
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development,
Environmental
Sustainability Division
GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Lower utility costs,
improved climate literacy
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division

78 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Built Environment, Existing Buildings – Electrify Existing Buildings

BE 2.1 Existing Building Electrification Plan
Adopt a phased in electrification plan for existing buildings that promotes and as needed requires the retrofit of existing buildings to all electric starting with incentives, adopting a burnout ordinance, 33F 34 and
the eventual adoption of a date-certain ordinance.

Implementation Actions:

1. Engage with stakeholders including City
staff and officials, and external stakeholders,
such as local developers regarding the
purpose and impact of the requirements.

2. Draft and adopt plan including phasing
timeline of requirements starting with a
burnout ordinance.

3. Conduct CEQA analysis, as needed.

4. Provide technical resources, including
hosting workforce development trainings for
installers and building owners/operators to discuss benefits and technical requirements of decarbonization and carbon -free energy sources . Offer the materials free to partners to distribute as they engage the public.

5. Develop a tracking process to track natural gas and electric appliance/system installations.

5.6. Coordinate with CBOs to learn what informational materials and methods they believe will be most helpful to engage with their service population.

6.7. Provide education around cooking with electric appliances, including demonstrations from chefs and/or local restaurants.

7.8. Promote the cost and environmental benefits of decarbonization and carbon -free energy sources to builders, property owners, and contractors on the City website and at the City permit counters.

8.9. Work with SoCalGas to identify opportunities for natural gas infrastructure pruning to reduce the chance of stranded assets, provide potential funding, and establish an efficient transition to carbon neutral buildings.

34 Ordinance requiring the replacement of a gas appliance with an electric one upon the gas appliance’s burnout.

GHG Reduction
Potential
High
Cost $$
Co-Benefits Lower utility costs,
improved climate literacy
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability, Community
Development
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| 79
Transportation
Transportation-related emissions are the largest contributor to com munitywide emissions, accounting for 48%. There are two main levers to reduce emissions associated with transportation. The first is to “clean” vehicle miles traveled (VMT) through vehicle electrification and access to carbon -free electricity from CPA. Sec ond, is to reduce VMT through transportation demand programs and policies. Vehicle electrification can result in immediate emissions reductions because of the availability of carbon -free electricity in the city. However, EV adoption is not directly within the City’s control. Transportation demand measures (TDMs) to reduce VMT, on the other hand, take longer to implement but can generate many co-benefits in addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Performance Metrics
• Transit, walk, and bike trips account for 38% of all trips • Transit ridership
• Number of EV registrations
• Number of EV charging installations

80 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Transportation – Clean VMT through Electrification

TL 1.1 Affordable Housing Electric Vehicle Charging
Partner with the local Housing Authority and CBOs to increase EV charging stations and EV car adoption at affordable housing projects.

Implementation Actions:

1. Partner with Housing Authority to connect
affordable housing developers, property
managers, and residents with EV charger
installation resources and programs, and EV
purchasing resources.

2. Develop and distribute educational materials.

3. Investigate the feasibility of the Housing
Authority to host an EV carshare pilot project
for a multifamily housing project.

TL 1.2 EV Charging Reach Code
Investigate and implement a reach code to require all new nonres idential and multi -family housing construction to install EV charging stations.

Implementation Actions:

1. Engage with stakeholders including City staff
and officials, and external stakeholders, such
as local developers regarding the purpose and
impact of the reach code . Discuss solar
charging, on -site battery storage, and bi -
directional charging to offset impacts to the
electric grid.

2. Conduct a cost effectiveness study or utilize
studies developed by the CEC.

3. Develop and draft an ordinance.

4. Submit the adopted ordinance to the California
Building Standards Commission (CBSC).

GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division
GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development
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TL 1.3 Partnerships to Encourage Electric Vehicle Charger Installation Increase installation of private EV charging stations by promoting federal, state, SCE, CPA, and local rebates and incentive.

Implementation Actions:

1. Partner with utilities, VCREA and Electric Drive
805 to develop and promote existing and new
EV programs and educational materials.

1.2. Expand public-private partnerships to support
outreach efforts that will increase awareness of
EV models and their benefits, through
activities such as green car shows and test -
drive events.

2.3. Offer these outreach materials at City planning and building counters, d uring meetings, public events within the City of Ventura, on city website.

3.4. Collaborate with VCREA, Community Environmental Council, EV Advocates of Ventura County, Electric Drive 805, and other EV advocacy groups to identify EV infrastructure funding sourc es, identify and remove local barriers to EV charging station installations, and recommend consistent affordable rate structures for public charging stations.

4.5. Increase installation of private EV charging stations by promoting federal, state, SCE, CPA, and local rebates and incentives through existing communication channels such as the City, VCREA, and Electric Drive 805 websites, social media, and additional methods as identified by the City.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health,
reduced congestion
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division

82 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Transportation – Reduced VMT through Mode Shift

TL 2.1 TDM Program
Adopt a mandatory TDM program for new construction and develop incentives to encourage existing businesses and multifamily developments to participate.

Implementation Actions:

1. Develop options for a mandatory TDM policy
that includes trip reduction requirements
(including penalties for noncompliance),
regular monitoring and reporting, and
dedicated city staff for new development.

2. Conduct focus groups with large employers,
small employers, and housing developers on
their opportunities and challenges of
implementing a TDM program.

3. Adopt a TDM ordinance that requires
employers and housing developments of a
certain size to submit an emissions reduction
plan that includes:
a. Site analysis
b.
c.b. Annual vehicle ridership survey results
d.
e.c. Emissions reduction options
f.
g.d. Employee trip reduction program with a menu of options such as transit information, guaranteed ride home program, commuter choice program, transit pass program, carpool preferential parking, secure bike parking, vanpool program, parking charge, telecommuting, prize incentives, transportation allowance, etc.

3.4. Explore increasing staffing capacity or establishing a Transportation Management Authority (TMA) to administer citywide TDM and VMT reduction programs.

4.5. Explore incentives for existing businesses and multifamily housing to join.

5.6. Establish a city employee TDM program with mode shift targets for staff.

6.7. Establish annual reporting requirements to the City Council.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Medium
Cost $-$$
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health,
reduced congestion
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development, Public
Works
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TL 2.2 Improve Curb Management
Evaluate the current and best use of curb space in the city’s activity centers and repurpose space to maximize people served (i.e., for loading, bikeways, bike parking, bus lanes, EV charging, or parklets).

Implementation Actions:

1. Reevaluate the City’s micromobility ban by
engaging City Council, businesses, and
residents about needs and impacts.

2. Conduct a curb space use plan to identify and
assess competing priorities.

3. Conduct community outreach and promote
the program.

TL 2.3 Land Use and Transportation Coordination
Manages land use change to support greenhouse gas reduction targets by focusing development in location efficient places, creating complete communities, and increasing d ensity. Complete, mixed-use neighborhoods allow residents to access most of their everyday needs within a short walk, bike, or transit trip.

Implementation Actions:

1. Identify appropriate transit corridors in
conjunction with Gold Coast Transit, V CTC,
and SCAG.

2. Determine criteria for increased density and
increased density allowances.

3. Evaluate new approval and permit
streamlining for new housing that exceeds
inclusionary and sustainability requirements.

4. Establish additional incentives in the zoning
code to facilitate affordable housing in transit -
rich areas.

5. Update the zoni ng code to ensure a diverse use of services and amenities are allowed in each neighborhood, including childcare, healthy food, community gardens, and other amenities.

Increase the types of home-based businesses allowed in residential neighborhoods

6. Engage with stakeholders including City staff and officials, and external stakeholders, such as local developers regarding the purpose and impact of the requirements.

7. Update General Plan Land Use Designations and Zoning Districts.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $$
Co-Benefits Improved air quality
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development, Public
Works
GHG Reduction
Potential
Medium
Cost $
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health,
reduced congestion
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development, Public
Works

84 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan TL 2.4 Active Transportation Plan
Prioritize, fund, and implement the Active Transportation Plan (ATP).

Implementation Actions:

1. Prioritize and implement all policy
recommendations included in the ATP to
improve pedestrian, bicycle networks, and
increase transit ridership based on the
established timeframes.

2. Align implementation with CIP funding cycles.

3. Identify additional funding sources, such as
grant funding or a revised Transportation
Mitigation Fee program for ATP
implementation.

4. Establish tracking, reporting, and update
requirements for the ATP.

TL 2.5 Transit Service Levels
Expand and improve transit and shared mobility services to be more accessible, affordable, and timely.

Implementation Actions:

1. Work with Gold Coast Transit , VCTC, and
Metrolink to c onduct a transit service gaps
analysis to determine how service can be
improved.

2. Partner with transit agencies to implement
service improvements.

3. Identify additional funding sources, such as a
revised Transportation Mitigation Fee program
or Measure O funding for improved transit
service levels.

4. Conduct community outreach and promote the
service improvements.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Medium
Cost $$$$
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health,
reduced congestion,
safety
Responsible
Departments
Public Works
GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health,
reduced congestion,
safety
Responsible
Departments
Public Works
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TL 2.6 First Mile-Last Mile
Leverage public-private partnerships to increase transit ridership and improve transit station access by incorporating first/last mile bus, shuttle, and active transportation connections between employment hubs and regional transit stations.

Implementation Actions:

1. Work with Gold Coast Transit, VCTC, and
Metrolink to improve access to transit stations
/ stops for active transportation modes.

2. Complete ATP projects connecting to transit
stations / stops.

3. Evaluate mobility hubs to determine the
financial costs, infrastructural needs, and
economic feasibility to support first -last mile
service.

TL 2.7 Transit Fares
Collaborate with transit agencies and shuttle providers to scale service levels in growing areas and leverage private sector subsidies of transit fares to support ridership.

Implementation Actions:

1. Work with private partners including
businesses, employers, and housing
developments to subsidize transit fares
through TDM plan implementation. Consider
expanding existing college subsidy program to
include high school and possibly middle school
students.

2. Identify additional funding sources, such as a
revised Transportation Mitigation Fee program
or Measure O funding for improved transit
service levels.

3. Conduct community outreach and promote the
service improvements.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, air quality,
public health
Responsible
Departments
Public Works,
Community
Development
GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, air quality,
public health
Responsible
Departments
Public Works

86 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Solid Waste
Solid waste accounts for 4% of Ventura’s overall emissions. By consuming less materials, recycling, and composting more, the community will be able to reduce the amoun t of waste sent to landfill and eventually become a zero -waste city. Specifically, diverting organic material including food waste is a crucial step to meeting long-term goals, because landfilled organic materials produce methane, which is a more potent GH G than carbon dioxide. The State adopted Senate Bill 1383, the Short -Lived Climate Pollutants Act, which requires jurisdictions to divert 75% of food waste from landfills by 2025, and jurisdictions must also recover food waste that can be repurposed. Moreover, organics recycling can provide useful byproducts including compost and biogas, which can further reduce emissions and provide economic benefits.

Performance Metrics
• Communitywide waste generation
• Tons of food waste diverted from landfill
• Tons of edible food recovered and redistributed

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| 87
Solid Waste – Increased Diversion from Landfill

SW 1.1 SB 1383 Compliance
Adopt an SB 1383 compliant zero-waste plan for municipal operations and the community that includes:
mandatory residential and commercial recycling and collection of organics/food waste, mandatory commercial edible food recovery program, and updated trash enclosure space and access requirements based on hauler recommendations to accommodate all waste streams (e.g., recycling, trash, and organics).

Implementation Actions:

1. Partner with waste hauler to:
- Provide for organic waste collection from
mixed waste containers are transported
to a high diversion organic waste
processing facility
- Provide quarterly route reviews to identify
prohibited contaminants potentially
found in containers that are collected
along route.
- Identify contaminated waste generators in need of technical assistance - Develop and distribute educational materials and in-person assistance - Clearly label all new containers indicating which materials are accepted in each container, and by January 1, 2025, place or replace labels on all containers.

2. Modify development waste plan requirements to update enclosure standards to include space for food waste receptacles.

SW 1.2 Single-Use Food Service Ware
Expand the City’s polystyrene ban to include single use food service ware.

Implementation Actions:

1. Engage stakeholders including restaurants,
businesses, local shipping/delivery companies,
and the Chamber of commerce on the impact,
alternative products, and benefits of the
ordinance.

2. Draft and adopt ordinance.

3. Work with waste hauler and economic
development to establish monitoring and
enforcement process as necessary

GHG Reduction
Potential
Medium
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division
GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division

88 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan SW 1.3 C&D Diversion Requirements
Require 85% of construction and demolition (C&D) debris be recycled.

Implementation Actions:

1. Research local disposal facility diversion rates
to determine potential for additional diversion.

2. If possible, draft and adopt ordinance.

3. Submit the adopted ordinance to the California
Building Standards Commission (CBSC).

4. Conduct community outreach about new
diversion requirements.

SW 1.4 Sustainable Construction Materials
Explore modifications to the building code that would require cer tain products to be locally sourced and/or contain a percentage of recycled content.

Implementation Actions:

1. Reach out to US Green Building Council, Los
Angeles (USGBC-LA) to determine appropriate
materials and % recycled content.

2. Engage with stakeholders including City staff
and officials, and external stakeholders, such
as local developers regarding the purpose and
impact of the policy.

SW 1.5 Lifecycle Climate Impacts and Extended Producer Responsibility Advocate at the appropriate governmental level for goods and services to disclose lifecycle climate impacts. Advocate for more robust extended producer responsibility policies statewide.

Implementation Actions:

1. Work with the City Attorney to support
advocacy efforts lead by environmental groups
pursuing this issue.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division,
Community
Development
GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $$
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division,
Community
Development
GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division,
Public Works, Finance
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| 89
Water and Wastewater
Water is a critical resource in California and Ventura. Regional water supplies are already being adversely affected by climate change induced drought and decreased snowpack. Ventura meets the city’s demand with locally pumped groundwater, Lake Casitas and the Ventura River. Climate change may impact local hydrology and affect natural recharge to the local groundwater aquifers and the quantity of groundwater that could be pumped sustainably over the long -term. Lower rainfall and/or more intense runoff, increased evaporative losses, and warmer and shorter winter seasons can alter natural recharge o f groundwater.

Water related emissions in Ventura account for less than 1% of the communitywide total emissions, because of being treated and distributed locally using clean electricity from CPA. Ecosystem and quality of life benefits that reliable clean water provide are important to protect. Thus, reducing indoor and outdoor water use through fixture upgrades and climate -appropriate landscaping for both residential and nonresidential buildings is important. However, an important trade off of water conser vation and drought is that the Ventura Water Reclamation Facility will be impacted by lower flows to the facility and challenges with treating highly concentrated wastewater streams.

Performance Metrics
• Gallon per capita per day (GPCD)
• Number of WELO compliant landscape renovations
• Number of plumbing fixture upgrades

90 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Water and Wastewater – Reduce Water Use

WW 1.1 Water Efficiency Requirements
Adopt CALGreen Tier 1 or 2 water efficiency requirements for new construction or additions of 50% the size of the original building.

Implementation Actions:

1. Develop and draft an ordinance modifying the
building code to make Tier 1 or 2 water
requirements mandatory for new development
and remodels.

2. Submit the adopted ordinance to the California
Building Standards Commission (CBSC).

WW 1.2 Landscaping Efficiency Requirements
Modify Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO) to require all landscape projects to obtain a landscape permit, decrease the size threshold to capture all landscape renovations, add prescriptive irrigation, plant lists, or water budget requirements.

Implementation Actions:

1. Engage with stakeholders including City staff
and officials, and external stakeholders, such
as local developers regarding the purpose and
impact of the requirements.

2. Draft and adopt ordinance.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, lower utility
costs
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development, Ventura
Water
GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, lower utility
costs
Responsible
Departments
Community
Development, Ventura
Water
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| 91
WW 1.3 Greywater Systems
Create a streamlined permit process for laundry-to-landscape greywater systems.

Implementation Actions:

1. Review current permitting procedures and
reach out to industry experts.

2. Determine eligibility criteria for systems that
qualify for expedited permitting and provide
permitting checklist.

3. Explore the potential to allow for digital
signatures and online permit application
submittals.

4. Shorten the inspection proc ess to one
inspection for qualifying systems.

WW 1.4 Alternative Water Supplies
Explore alternative water supplies including local groundwater, recycled water, etc.

Implementation Actions:

1. Identify potential sources of water including
groundwater and recycled water.

2. Conduct feasibility assessment of potential
sources.

3. Include water source development in water
system/CIP budget and schedule.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Resilience, lower utility
costs
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability,
Community
Development
GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $-$$$
Co-Benefits Resilience
Responsible
Departments
Ventura Water

92 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Community Education and Partnerships
Continued community outreach, engagement, and education is important for the successful implementation of the CARP and the realization of Ventura’s climate goals. Regular engagement with the com munity builds climate literacy, improves understanding of various mitigation strategies, and better equips the community to prepare for and adapt to the impacts of climate change.

Measures in this sector also highlight important partnerships that the City should develop to enhance its capacity to conduct outreach and engage a broader swath of the Ventura community. These partnerships include capitalizing on existing utility programs, regional and county climate organization efforts, and existing communications structures.

The following measures are included as part of the CARP to support the implementation of the measures in sectors above. The greenhouse gas reduction potential of the community education measures is not quantified but is stated as supporti ve in that implementing these measures aids in implementation of related measures and help achieve their greenhouse gas reduction potential.

Performance Metrics
• Number of annual CARP community events
• Number of people engaged annually
• Participation rates in City CARP and utility rebate programs

City of Ventura Environmental Outreach
The City of Ventura has a robust environmental outreach program that engages schools, businesses, and residents in the City of Ventura. Utilizing resources such as newsletters, social media profiles, press releases, website pages, billboards and more, the City successfully reaches tens of thousands of residents on an annual basis with its environmental messages.

The Green Schools program offers education and resources to schools in an effort to bolster their sustainability efforts. VUSD has partnered with the City for over a decade to provide classroom presentations. In 2019, Environmental Sustainability and Ventura Water offered presentations to over 8,000 students a t 27 different schools.

The City’s environmentally focused video content receives hundreds of thousands of views annually between the various social media platforms. Topics ranging from composting and public parks to water efficiency and energy conservation gather viewers from all demographics throughout the City and beyond city limits.

The City also has a robust Green Business Program that supports businesses in reducing energy, water, waste, and operating costs while facilitating certification through t he California Green Business Network. This program reaches dozens of businesses annually and has resulted in over 80 certified green businesses in the City of Ventura.

The City partners with local organizations, such as the Community Environmental Council, VCREA, and the Central Coast Green Building Council to offer educational workshops and presentations to residents. These topics range from the Solarize program, the EAP, Green Building Speaker Series, and more.

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COM 1.1 Environmental Sustainability Website and Outreach Methods Regularly update the City’s Environmental
Sustainability website, social media, and other
outreach methods with greenhouse gas reduction and
energy-focused resources including programs, rebates,
and incentives offered by IOUs, CPA, VCREA, 3C -REN
and other energy -focused organizations. Case studies
and best practices highlighting successful energy
improvements and greenhouse gas mitigation should
also be included in the outreach materials.

COM 1.2 Community Updates on CARP and Energy Reduction Goals Regularly update the City’s Environmental
Sustainability website, Sustainable Ventura
Newsletter, social media, and other outreach methods
showing the community’s progress towards achieving
local energy and greenhouse gas reduction and climate
goals.

COM 1.3 Sustainable Ventura Newsletter
Dedicate a portion of the Sustainable Ventura
Newsletter to green business operations, including
programs, case studies, and opportunities to reduce
energy consumption and capitalize on financing
programs like Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE)
and IOU-sponsored on-bill financing.

94 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan COM 1.4 Community Workshop Series
Partner with key community stakeholders, IOUs, CPA,
VCREA, and other climate and energy focused
organizations to develop a quarterly workshop series to engage and educate the public on rebates and
incentives, programs, partnerships, and other
opportunities to enrich energy and climate education.

COM 1.5 Green Building Trainings
Support 3C -REN, AIA Ventura Chapter, Central Coast
Green Building Council, and other green building
organizations in developing green building trainings,
sharing case studies, and offering other educational
opportunities. Explore development of a Green
Building Awards Competition.

COM 1.6 Energy Storage Outreach Program
Collaborate with Community Environmental Council
and VCREA to develop and implement an energy
storage outreach and education program. Program
offerings could include hosting community energy
storage workshops and developing informational
materials on the benefits of and available incentives for energy storage.

GHG Re duction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division,
PIO
GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division,
PIO
GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division,
PIO
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| 95
COM 1.7 Home Energy Savings Do-It-Yourself Toolkit Promotion Partner with 3C-REN, VCREA, and the Ventura County
Library System to promote Home Energy Savings Do -
It-Yourself Toolkits. Each kit includes tools to help
measure a home’s current energy use, along wit h
helpful tips on ways to make a home more energy
smart. The kits also include free items to keep like light- emitting diode (LED) lightbulbs, low -flow
showerheads, and other things to help homes use less
energy and water.

COM 1.8 Electric Vehicle Outreach
Partner with VCREA, Community Environmental
Council, EV Advocates of Ventura County, Electric
Drive 805, and other EV advocacy groups to develop
and implement an EV outreach and education
program. Program offerings could include hosting
events like EV “lunch and learns” and developing
informational materials on the benefits of EV
ownership.

COM 1.9 Ventura Unified School District Engagement
Continue partnership with Ventura Unified School
District (VUSD) to empower students to be leaders in
reducing greenhouse gas emissions, lowering energy
consumption, and utilizing EVs in their community
through in -class education, internships, and other
programs.

COM 1.10 Energy Outreach Targeting
Partner with 3C -REN and Community Action of
Ventura County to conduct focused homeowner and
renter outreach to the city’s disadvantaged and low -
income communities, using Energy Atlas data and
maps to guide outreach.

96 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan City Leadership
The ability to meet Ventura’s goals of mitigating carbon emissions and adapting to the effects of climate change will be demonstrated by City actions. The City will implement a series of actions that will both reduce carbon emissions from municipal operations and enhance resiliency. These actions include energy and water efficiency upgrades for City facilities, parks, and landscapes, sustainable new construction, the electrification of buildings and fleet vehicles, supporting electric vehicle adop tion through charger installation, and the installation of resilience measures as discu ssed in Chapter 4 : Our Adaptation Strategy. These policies will not only reduce emissions but create community benefits through leading by example.

Performance Metrics
• Number of City buildings retrofitted to eliminate natural gas use • Percent of City fleet powered by clean energy
• Reduction in GHG emissions from City operations

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| 97
Municipal Measures

CL 1.1 City Facilities Decarbonization Plan
Develop a decarbonization plan for City facilities that aligns with the CIP process.

Implementation Actions:

1. Conduct an energy audit of all City facilities.

2. Identify energy efficiency upgrades to be
installed.

2.3. Continue pursuing the purchase of street lights
from SCE and converting them to LED.

4. Identify potential for DERs Distributed Energy
Resources at City facilities , including those
identified in the 2012 ESS . Explore adding
battery storge for critical operations , emergency water supply , and to support the grid during peak load times.

3.5. Strive to achieve participation in CPA 100% Green Power on City accounts and projects where economically prudent.

4.6. Establish a funding source and timeline to meet the goal for streetlight upgrades as described in the 2018 Public Works Strategic Plan of converting the 1,000 city -owned and maintained streetlights to LEDs by 2025 to reduce costs and improve quality.

5.7. Investigate establishing a funding source and timeline to attain ownership of SCE owned streetlights and update those lights to LEDs.

6.8. Upgrade the energy management system to better track the energ y consumption of municipal facilities.

7.9. Develop and implement a green revolving loan fund (RLF) to finance energy projects at municipal facilities and reinvest the money saved from lowered utility bills into future energy projects.

8.10. Pursue funding opportunit ies to finance energy upgrade projects identified in energy audits and renewable energy feasibility assessments.

9.11. Conduct feasibility analysis for installing renewable energy projects at all City-owned and operated facilities that were identified as viable solar sites in the ESS and identified as critical facilities.

10.12. Develop policy to require re -roofing projects on government facilities to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating solar or “solar ready” features, including mounting posts for panels and roof penetrations for conduit and/or pipes for facilities.

11.13. Align improvements timeline with CIP process including utility available incentive programs.

12.14. Draft and adopt plan.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $-$$
Co-Benefits Resilience
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division

98 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan CL 1.2.1 Public Electric Vehicle Charger Installations
Collaborate with VCREA, Community Environmental Council, EV Advocates of Ventura County, Electric Drive 805, and other EV advocacy groups to build upon the EV Infrastructure Interactive Map by identifying new preferred locations for Level 2 and DC Fast Chargers.

Implementation Actions:

1. Conduct an EV charger gap analysis to identify
locations in need of additional chargers.

2. Partner with utilities, VCREA and Electric Drive
805 to develop to install, maintain, and operate
publicly accessible EV chargers.

3. Update interactive map with new charger
locations.

CL 1.3.1 ZEV Fleet Transition
Establish a vehicle procurement approach that favors EVs for new fleet purchases and build charging infrastructure.

Implementation Actions:

1. Set a goal to transition one eighth of the City
fleet to Evs by 2030.

2. Establish a ZEV policy requiring City
Departments to purchase light-duty vehicles, if
available and cost effective, according to the
following priority structure: (1) pure ZEVs, (2)
plug-in hybrid Evs, and (3) hybrids.

3. Centralize fleet procurement authority so one
staff will review all vehicle procurements and require revisions of selected vehicles if the justification for non-ZEV or hybrid options is lacking.

4. Track the California Division of Measurement Standards updates to proposed regulations for EV charging rates to ensure the charging rates are not burdensome to EV drivers.

5. Install Level 2 charging infrastructure at City public parking lots and investigate the feasibility of installing DC Fast Chargers in these lots.

6. Explore the feasibility of utilizing City owned smart charging stations to earn credit revenue by participating in the California Low Carbon Fuel Standards (LCFS) program.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division
GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $$
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health
Responsible
Departments
Public Works
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| 99
CL 1.4.1 Sustainability Purchasing Policy
Adopt a municipal sustainable purchasing policy
Implementation Actions:

1. Work with City Manager ’s office and Finance
Department to develop a list of preferred
purchasing options

2. Conduct outreach to all city staff about
sustainable purchasing policy; include as part
of new employee orientation

CL 1.5.1 CPA Leadership
Utilize the City’s seat on the CPA Board of Directors to advance programs and polic ies in line with best practices towards decarbonization, electrification, and equity for ratepayers.

Implementation Actions:

1. Advocate for programs and rebates to
encourage adoption of E vs, energy efficiency
measures, energy storage, and renewable
energy systems based on other successful CCE
and IOU programs.

2. Encourage programs and rebates to have
special consideration for low -medium income
residents.

3. Advocate for net energy metering policies that are favorable for solar customers (higher kWh purchase rates than SCE for net surplus generating customers) and the establishment of community solar programs that benefit renters or other customers that cannot install solar where they live or conduct business.

4. Advocate for development of distributed energy resources including solar, energy storage, and microgrid within Ventura County that are designed to improve regional grid resilience and reliability.

GHG Reduction
Potential
Low
Cost $
Co-Benefits
Responsible
Departments
Environmental
Sustainability Division
GHG Reduction
Potential
Supportive
Cost $
Co-Benefits Air quality, public health
Responsible
Departments
Mayor or City Council

100 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

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| 101
Chapter 6
Implementing the CARP
The CA RP directs City staff to develop and implement specific policies, plans, programs, and projects over the next 5-10 years to achieve the City’s climate goals.

Successful implementation of the CA RP strategies measures will require commitment and coordination from staff throughout the City. Although the City will initiate climate action, community involvement is an essential component of the CARP implementation process, as many strategies measures depend on active participation by residents and businesses.

102 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Priority Implementation Actions
Through an extensive community engagement process, the initial longlist of strategies and actions were prioritized based on their greenhouse reduction potential, co -benefits, and financial resources. These priority actions lay the foundation for future act ion, contribute to the elimination of greenhouse gas emissions by 20 45, and make Ventura more resilient, especially those most at -risk and vulnerable to impacts of climate change.

Table 8. Priority Strategies
Number Strategy
EH 1.5 Increase Tree Canopy. Increase urban tree canopy citywide to mitigate extreme heat.

WM 2.7 Reduce Fire Risk in WUI. Continue to coordinate with CAL FIRE, Ventura County Fire, Ventura Regional Fire Safe Council, and neighboring jurisdictions on wildfire risk reduction activities in the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) and open space areas in and adjacent to the City.

SLR 6.4 Coastal Resilience Funding . Research external funding opportunities to implement coastal resilience and coastal restoration projects.

CA 8.1 Community Engagement Campaign. Develop a community -wide engagement campaign to educate the public on anticipated near and long -term climate impacts, community vulnerabilities, and opportunities for adaptation.

CE 2.41.1 CPA Participation. Maintain City membership in Clean Power Alliance (CPA) and continue to work to maintain a minimum of 95% of private property owner participation in CPA at the 100% Green tier.

BNC 2.2 Residential All-Electric New Construction. Investigate and implement a localized reach code for new residential construction to prohibit or disincentivize connection to natural gas lines.

BE 1.3 Energy Efficiency Programs and Incentives. Promote existing IOU and state agency financing programs like the Re sidential Energy Efficiency Loan program that is designed to help homeowners and renters access competitive financing solutions for energy efficiency projects.

TL 1.3 Partnerships to Encourage Electric Vehicle Charger Installation . Increase installation of private EV charging stations by promoting federal, state, SCE, CPA, and local rebates and incentive.

TL 2.4 Active Transportation Plan . Prioritize, fund, and implement the Active Transportation Plan (ATP).

COM 1.1 Environmental Sustainability Website and Outreach Methods . Regularly update the City’s Environmental Sustainability website, social media, and other outreach methods with greenhouse gas reduction and energy -focused resources including programs, rebates, and incentives offered by IOUs, CPA, VCREA, 3C-REN and other energy-focused organizations.

Glossary
| 103
Cost Estimates and Funding Sources
Cost Effectiveness
There are many different approaches to establishing implementation cost estimates for CARP strategies.

Implementation costs include both administrative and programmatic costs to the City, and equipment and services costs to residents and businesses. Costs can be expressed as relative costs to a determined baseline, up-front first costs or the direct costs of implementation, or long -term cost effectiveness, the total cost of action implementation over time accounting for cost savings over the lifetime of the intervention. These estimates differ. Table 9 shows the estimated up -front unit cost of implementing CARP strategies and the estimated greenhouse gas emissions reductions based on the modeled level of implementation needed to achieve the City’s targets. These cost estimates may change as the market adjusts to future technological adoption and advancements or additional climate measures are pursued.

Table 9. Relative Cost-Effectiveness of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures Sector Sub-Category Cost GHG Reduction
Potential
Relative Cost
Effectiveness (GHG
Reduction / Cost)
Clean Energy Local Renewables High Low Low
Clean Energy – CPA Low High High
Buildings Existing Building
Energy Efficiency
Medium Low Medium
New Building
Electrification
Low Medium Medium
Existing Building
Electrification
High High Low
Transportation Electric Vehicles Medium Medium Medium
Mode Shift High High High
Solid Waste SB 1383 Low Low Low
Water Water Use Low Low High

Funding Opportunities
The actions in this CARP do not necessarily represent the lowest cost pathway to achieve Ventura’s GHG targets. Instead, the actions were chosen to reflect local conditions and priorities, address equity, and to create multiple benefits in addition to emissions reductions. However, implementing the CARP can also provide economic benefits across the city including expanding the local green economy, job creation, and reducing costs for Ventura residents and businesses. For example, making walking and biking s afer and transit more accessible can reduce the costs of traveling around Ventura, while promoting an active lifestyle that can help improve health outcomes.

104 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Below is a list of potential funding sources as well as available incentive programs to help reduce the cost of implementing CARP actions:
• City’s General Fund. This is the primary source of funding for City operations and can be used for any public purpose. It is allocated as part of the overall City budget, approved by City Council. The substantial number of competing priorities for General Fund dollars requires that the City seek out other sources of funding wherever possible to increase the likelihood of successful implementation for each action.
• Measure O Funding. Measure O is a general sales tax measure approved in 2016. The twenty- five year measure to support public services.
• Bonds. Local governments can sell bonds to investors that raise capital for a specific objective.

Bonds must be approved by voter and may have additional oversight or administration requirements.
• Taxes. Taxes generate revenue to support local, regional, and state operations. Taxes can be used either for general purposes (e.g., any city service as needed) or specific purposes (e.g., climate change mitigation) but require voter approval. Examples of taxes include:
o Utility User Tax
o Real Estate Transfer Tax
o Parcel Tax
• Revolving Loan Fund. Ventura Water could partner with a third-party funding entity to finance energy upgrades. The third-party funding entity would be responsible for loan processing and tracking, and receive a service fee from Ventura Water, separate of the initial capital. Ventura Water would facilitate repayment of these loans to the revolving fund via the water bill and ensure a low interest rate. The City would ensure a low interest rate by establishing a fixed rate in the program contract (e.g., 1.5%), enough to grow the revolving fund but keep loans affordable for residents.
• State and Federal Grants. Grants are usually given without expectation of repayment, but often require either matching funds from the City and/or staff time to administer the grants.

Grants often fund new and innovative programs. However, grants are also competitive and are not guaranteed source of funding. The following agencies offer climate related grants:
o Department of Energy
o California Energy Commission
o Southern California Edison
o Southern California Gas Company
o Ventura County Air Pollution Control District
o Electrify America
o FTA Planning Grants
o CARB
o CalFire
o FEMA
o CDFA Healthy Soils Initiative
o CalRecycle
• Incentives and Rebates. Incentives and rebates are usually monetary motivators that can help cover the cost of implementing specific programs or equipment. Many utilities have incentive Glossary
| 105
programs to help spur investment, pay for equipment, and expand various markets for newer technologies. Existing programs include:
o CPA Residential and Commercial Rebates
o 3C-Ren Home+ Rebates
o Ventura County Regional Energy Alliance
o California Water Service rebates
o CA Clean Vehicle Rebate Project
o Electric Drive 805
o Single-family Solar Affordable Solar Housing (SASH) Program o Multifamily Affordable Solar Housing (MASH) Program
o Residential and Commercial Federal ITC for solar photovoltaics o New local incentives programs as needed

106 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Equitable Program Implementation
Though equity is like equality, they are not the same thing. Equality means everyone receives the same thing regardless of any other factors. Equity, on the other hand, is about ensuring that people have access to the same opportunities to thrive and succeed. A climate equity lens recognizes that people may have different starting points and may need diverse types and levels of support to adapt to climate change to achieve fairness in climate outcomes. Thus, climate equity is achieved when socioeconomic and environmental factors, such as race, income, education, or place, can no longer be used to predict the health, economic, or other wellbeing outcomes from climate change. For the purposes of the CARP, the following dimensions of equity will be considered during program implementation:
• Procedural. Create processes that are transparent, fair, and inclusive in developing and implementing any climate program, plan, or policy. This dimension of equity focuses on ensuring that all people are treated openly and fairly, and on increasing opportunities for engagement and ownership in decision-making in all phases of climate resilience planning and CARP implementation.
• Structural. Address the underlying structural and institutional systems that are the root causes of social and racial inequities. It is a dimension of equity that makes a commitment to correct past harms and prevent future unintended consequences from climate-related decision- making, such as in the CARP implementation.
• Distributional. Fairly distribute resources, benefits, and burdens. This dimension of equity focuses on prioritizing resources for communities that experience the greatest climate and environmental inequities, disproportionate impacts, and have the greatest unmet environmental health needs.

Achieving climate equity will require careful design and execution of policies and programs to improve outcomes for disadvantaged populations in all stages of CARP implementation. When equi ty is prioritized, climate strategies can address and lessen existing social, racial, and health disparities.

Implementation of this CARP will be guided by two equity guardrails:

1. Many of the local benefits resulting from CARP implementation will be focused on disadvantaged communities by meeting priority community needs, improving public health, building on community assets and values, and increasing community resilience.

2. Required measures do not present an undue cost burden on those least able to afford implementation. Financial and technical assistance will be prioritized for disadvantaged communities and sensitive populations, including renters, to allow them to participate in CARP programs and fully realize all benefits.

Glossary
| 107
Monitoring and Evaluation
Monitoring of the CARP’s performance involves tracking the performance of individual strategies and estimating the GHG emissions reductions resulting from their implementation. The performance metrics identified for each strategy will be tracked using readily a ccessible data that is useful for estimating emissions reductions. Periodic re-inventorying of local government and community -wide emissions will also be needed to validate overall progress toward the City’s GHG reduction targets. • Implementation Checklists. The City will develop CARP consistency checklists to ensure compliance with CARP strategies when reviewing City plans, programs, and activities including Capital Improvement Projects as well as community development projects. The checklists will help City staff and community development project applicants plan for and approve work that support the City’s sustainability goals.
• Annual CARP Progress Report. City staff will prepare annual progress reports on CARP implementation to be presented to City Council and other stakeholders as needed. The report will evaluate the successes and challenges in meeting the City’s GHG reduction targets (as they become known or apparent), provide the status of implementing actions for each reduction and resilience strategy in the CARP (e.g., initiated, ongoing, completed), assess the effectiveness of each strategy, and recommend adjustments to programs or actions as needed. • GHG Inventory. Staff will update the City’s community and municipal operations emissions inventory every five years. Inventory updates will encompass all inventory sectors (residential energy, commercial/industrial energy, large industrial energy, on- and off-road transportation, solid waste, wastewater, water, and municipal operations). • CARP Updates. A comprehensive revision of the CARP should occur at least every five years to monitor progress of greenhouse reductions against the 2030 target and 2045 goal of carbon neutrality, to account for the impact of new legislation and state programs on greenhouse gas targets and emissions reductions, and to adjust strategies and actions as needed to reach the targets. In preparation for the 2030 update and annual reporting to the Planning Commission and City Council, staff will use greenhouse gas inventories and CARP measure implementation to track Ventura’s progress in reducing emissions, VMT, waste generation, and energy use over time using readily available data.

Oversight and Accountability
Options for an ongoing structure for oversight in CARP implementation and long-term plan updates:
• Create an internal CARP Implementation Team (led by the Environmental Sustainability Division) to assist in coordinating and implementing actions across departments, identifying synergies/collaboration opportunities, and identifying funding sources. • Develop and maintain a community-facing CARP Tracking Dashboard for transparency. • Prepare annual updates for the Planning Commission and City Council on CARP progress, as defined above.

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| 1
Appendix A
Glossary of Terms
This glossary of terms defines key terms and acronyms used throughout the CARP.

2 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

A
Active transportation: This is a non-motorized form of transportation, primarily made up of walking and bicycling.

Adjusted Business-as-Usual Forecast (ABAU): The influence of federal, statewide, and regional policies (e.g., Pavley Clean Car Standards) will have on the City’s projected emissions.

B
Business-as-Usual (BAU): A GHG emissions scenario that is based on the assumption that no mitigation policies or measures will be implemented beyond those that are already in progress that can serve to highlight the level of emissions that would occur without further policy effort.

C
CALGreen: California Green Building Standards.

Carbon neutrality: The balance between carbon emissions and carbon absorption from the atmosphere.

Carbon sequestration: The process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Climate change: Climate change refers to changes in the average and/or the variability of temperature, rainfall, and extreme weather that persist for an extended period.

Clean Power Alliance (CPA): Community Choice Aggregation program operating in Southern California that delivers cleaner energy to customers (higher renewables content) than the traditional investor - owned utility.

Climate hazard: Short or long-term climate events that have the potenti al to cause damage or harm to humans and natural systems. These include meteorological, climatological, hydrological, geophysical or biological events.

Co-benefit: Non-greenhouse gas-related benefits of climate actions. Measuring co -benefits examines how c limate action is interrelated with and delivers outcomes for provision of basic services, health, prosperity and other sustainable development agendas.

Community-Based Organization (CBO): a n organization (public or private nonprofit or charitable organization) that represents community needs and provides services or other assistance to that community.

Community solar: A solar power project where the energy and benefits of that project go towards multiple energy customers (e.g., individuals, businesses, nonprofits).

A-2 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan D
Decarbonization: Process of reducing embodied or operational GHG emissions. Typically refers to a reduction of the carbon emissions associated with energy consumption, industry and transportation. The intention to decarbonize the electric power grid is often referred to as Grid Decarbonization.

Disadvantaged community (DAC): A disadvantaged community is defined as “a low -income area that is disproportionately affected by environmental pollution and other hazards that can lead to negative health effects, exposure, or environmental degradation.

Distributed Energy Resource (DER): These resources are small, modular energy generation and storage systems that provide electricity or energy and can be connected or independent from the larger electrical power grid.

E
Electrification: The process of transitioning away from technologies that use fossil fuels to technologies that use electricity. Electrification of systems paired with a power grid with 100% renewable energy sources can significantly reduce GHG emissions.

Emissions inventory: A quantified list of a city’s GHG emissions and sources.

Emissions reduction potential : A measurement of the potential to decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from a particular sector or through an action. The abatement potential is measured in G HG emissions (e.g. tons of carbon dioxide equivalent).

Equity: The absence of avoidable or remediable differences among groups of people, whether those groups are defined socially, economically, demographically or geographically. As opposed to the concept of equality where everyone is given equal access, equity provides proportional access to redress historical and current disparities and ensure the same level of opportunity for all.

G
Green Building : Green building is a holistic concept that starts with the understanding that the built environment can have profound effects, both positive and negative, on the natural environment, as well as the people who inhabit buildings every day. Green building is an effort to amplify the positive and mitigate the negative of these effects throughout the entire life cycle of a building. Considerations include energy use, water use, indoor environmental quality, material section and the building's effects on its site.

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) : These are gases within the atmosphere that accelerate the warming of the Earth and are released from human activities that burn fossil fuels or from historic carbon sinks, such as melting permafrost.

Greenhouse Gas mitigation: Actions to reduce GHG emissions to reduce the severity of climate change.

Greywater: The water generated from buildings that is not contaminated (e.g., sinks, dishwashers).

Greywater systems: This system collects domestic, uncontaminated wastewater and reuses it for irrigation or toilet flushing. Sour ces of greywater include sinks, showers, washing machines, and dishwashers.

Glossary
| A-3
L
LEED: The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) green building rating system is used to evaluate the sustainable design strategies of new and retrofitted projects.

M
Mode shift: The transition from using one habitual form of travel, or mode, to another. Transportation modes include mass transit, non-motorized transit and automobiles.

Mode share: A number or percentage of users or trips, using a particular type of tr ansportation such as driving a single-occupancy vehicle, carpooling, riding public transit, walking or cycling.

MTCO2e: Metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. A unit of measurement for greenhouse gas emissions.

R
Reach code: A local building energy code that sets targets beyond the state requirements for energy use or energy efficiency.

Resilience: Resilience is the ability of an individual, a community, an organization, or a natural system to prepare for disruptions, to adapt to changing conditions, withstand and rapidly recover from shocks and stresses, and to adapt and grow from a disruptive experience.

S
Southern California Edison (SCE): Investor-owned utility company that provides power in the Southern California region.

Sustainability: Sustainability focuses on meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

T
Transportation Demand Management (TDM) : Strategies to change travel behavior in order to reduce traffic congestion, increase safety and mobility and conserve energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Strategies may include ridesharing, telecommuting, park -and-ride programs and alternative work schedules.

Tri-County Regional Energy Network (3C-REN): Partnership between the Counties of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara and Ventura established to deliver energy -saving programs and industry trainings that help reduce energy use, strengthen local job markets, and support efforts to achieve climate goals.

A-4 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan V
Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT): A measurement of miles traveled by vehicles within a specified area for a specified time period.

Ventura County Regional Energy Alliance (VCREA) : A Joint Powers Authority comprised of public agencies working in collaboration with various entities in the region to address ener gy stewardship and sustainability.

Z
Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) : Vehicles that produce no tailpipe emissions. Generally, ZEVs feature electric powertrains either from a battery or a hydrogen fuel cell. ZEVs may still be responsible for some greenhouse gas emissions, if the GHG content from the electricity generation comes from fossil fuel sources.

Glossary
| A-5

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Appendix BA
State and Local Regulatory
and Program Summary
This appendix summaries key State and local initiatives to address greenhouse gas emissions and climate adaptation and resilience.

AB-2 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan State Regulatory Framework
California has established itself as a national leader on climate action. The following secti on describes key elements of the legislative and regulatory context in California that aids local governments in reducing their GHG emissions. This legislative framework guided the development of the CARP and GHG forecasting.

Table BA-1. State Regulatory Framework
Program Description
Climate Action Targets
Executive Order B -55-18
(2018): Carbon neutrality by
2045
This Executive Order set a target of statewide carbon neutrality by 2045 and to maintain net negative emissions thereafter.

Senate Bill 32 (2016):

Greenhouse Gas emission
reduction target for 2030
This Senate Bill establishes a statewide greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction target of 40% below 1990 levels by 2030.

Assembly Bill 32 (2006):

California Global Warming
Solutions Act of 2006.

This Assembly Bill requires the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to adopt a statewide greenhouse gas emissions limit equivalent to the statewide greenhouse gas emissions levels in 1990 to be achieved by 2020. It was California’s first GHG reduction target.

Climate Change Scoping
Plan (2017)

The Climate Change Scoping Plan was approved by CARB in December 2008 and outlines the State’s plan to achieve the GHG reductions required in AB 32. The plan directed municipal governments to redu ce their emissions by at least 15% by 2020 compared to 2008 levels or earlier. The Scoping Plan was updated in 2017 to reflect the SB 32 target of reducing emissions by 40% under 1990 levels by 2030.

Clean Energy
Senate Bill 100 (2018):

Renewable Portfolio
Standard

This Senate bill requires that 100% of all electricity within California be carbon-free by 2040. Electricity providers must procure from eligible renewable energy sources, with interim goals of 40% by 2024 and 50% by 2030.

Transportation
Senate Bill 375 (2008):

Greenhouse Gas emission
reduction targets for
vehicles

The Sustainable Communities & Climate Protection Act of 2008 requires CARB to develop regional greenhouse gas emission reduction targets for passenger vehicles. CARB is to establish targets for 2020 and 2035 for each region covered by one of the State ’s 18 metropolitan planning organizations.

Appendix BA: State and Local Regulatory and Program Summary

| BA-3
Program Description
Senate Bill 743 (2013):

Transportation Impacts

Introduces a new performance metric, vehicle miles travelled (VMT), as a b asis for determining significant transportation impacts under CEQA. Projects that are projected to increase VMT may mitigate their impacts through measures such as car -sharing services, unbundled parking, improved transit, and enhanced pedestrian and bicyc le infrastructure.

Executive Order N -79-20
(2020): Zero Emission
Vehicles
In line with the carbon neutrality goal, this Executive Order requires the elimination of new, internal combustion passenger vehicles by 2035.

Assembly Bill 2127 (2018):

EV charging infrastructure

The California Energy Commission is required to prepare and biennially update a statewide assessment of the electric vehicle charging infrastructure needed to support the levels of electric vehicle adoption for the state to meet its goal of putting at least 5 million zero- emission vehicles on California roads by 2030.

Advanced Clean Truck Rule
(2020): Zero emission trucks

CARB adopted this rule requiring manufacturers of heavy -duty, on - road trucks to sell an increasing number of z ero-emission trucks. By 2035, zero-emission truck/chassis sales would need to be 55% of Class 2b – 3 truck sales, 75% of Class 4 – 8 vocational truck sales, and 40% of Class 7-8 truck tractor sales.

Innovative Clean Transit
(2018): Zero emission bus
fleets

CARB adopted this rule requiring public transit agencies to gradually transition to 100% zero -emissions bus fleets by 2040. This regulation applies to all transit agencies that own, operate, or lease buses with GVWR above 14,000 lbs.

Safer Affordable F uel-
Efficient (SAFE) Vehicles
Rule (2018)

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) issued the SAFE Vehicles Rule. This rule set a vehicle fleet efficiency standard increase of 1.5% per year above 2020 standards through 2026.

Solid Waste
Senate Bill 1383 (2016):

Short-lived Climate
Pollutants – Organic Waste
Reductions

This Senate Bill establishes a statewide target to reduce the disposal of organic waste by 75% by 2025 to reduce methane emissions from organic material in landfills.

Assembly Bill 341 (2012) and
Assembly Bill 1826 (2016):

Mandatory Recycling

AB 341 re quires all commercial businesses and public entities that generate 4 cubic yards or more of waste per week and all multi-family apartments with five or more units are also required to have a recycling program in place to help meet the state’s recycling goa l of 75% diversion by 2020. AB 1826 requires all commercial businesses to

AB-4 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Program Description
collect yard trimmings, food scraps, and food -soiled paper for composting.

Adaptation and Resilience
Senate Bill 379 (2015):

Adaptation and Resiliency
Planning

California Senate Bill (SB) 379 requires cities and counties within the state to consider and address climate change and resiliency within the Safety Element of their General Plans. The Bill requires local agencies to perform a vulnerability assessment tha t identifies the potential impacts to the community associated with climate change. Further, cities and counties must utilize the vulnerability assessment to develop goals and policies to facilitate climate adaptation and minimize the risks associated with climate impacts.

Disaster Mitigation Act of
2000: Hazard Mitigation
Plan

FEMA’s Disaster Mitigation Act is intended to “reduce the loss of life and property, human suffering, economic disruption, and disaster assistance costs resulting from natural disa sters.” Under this legislation, state, tribal, and local governments must develop a hazard mitigation plan as a condition for receiving certain types of non - emergency disaster assistance through the Hazard Mitigation Assistance Programs.

Environmental Action in Ventura
The City of Ventura has a strong history of taking environmental action. Residents, businesses, and community groups maintain a strong environmental ethic and work to conserve the ecological wealth of the community. While the City of Ventura has historically had a strong environmental ethic, efforts to address GHG emissions have been decentralized. The City of Ventura’s Environmental Sustainability Division was created in2009 to bring all stakeholders to the table to create a plan for a more resilient, equitable, and energy-efficient future. Table A-2 list the plans, policies, and programs in place to enhance sustainability and become more resilient to climate hazards.

Appendix BA: State and Local Regulatory and Program Summary

| BA-5
Table BA-2. Program, Plans, and Policies to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions Existing Initiatives Description
Municipal Operations
Green Initiative In 2007 City Council passed the “Green Initiative”, a ten-point action plan designed to reduce environmental impacts from the City’s municipal operations. The plan includes reducing energy and vehicle fuel use; developing a green purchasing policy; educating employees about green practices; and forming a Green Team to help implement these programs.

Environmental Sustainability
Strategy
In 2012, the Environmental Sustainability Strategy (ESS) was developed to improve Ventura’s municipal environmental
performance and reduce operating costs by improving the City’s operational efficiency and reducing resource consumption. The ESS identifies strategies and projects that reduce energy, fuel, chemical and water use; reduces solid waste and hazardous waste
generation; and increases the purchase of environmentally preferable products. The ESS consolidates the efforts of individual City divisions into a single document, establishes goals and strategies, and provides a process for tracking progress over time.

Climate on the Move GHG
Inventory
In 2015, the City of Ventura Environmental Sustainability Division and VCREA worked collaboratively to develop the Climate on the Move report, which included a community-level GHG emissions inventory and a CAP template for the City. Climate on the Move provides city-specific community GHG emission data from 2010 through 2012, 2020 emission forecasts, and GHG reduction target options.

Clean Energy and Buildings
Green Business Certification
Program
The City also launched their Green Business Program in 2012, to support local businesses in adopting environmentally responsible practices. Between 2012 and 2020, the City’s Green Business Program certified eighty-three businesses.

Clean Power Alliance (CPA) In 2018 the City joined CPA, a community choice energy program, at the 100% renewable default tier; meaning that electricity customers within the City would automatically be enrolled in the new program and receive 100% renewable electricity.

Transportation

AB-6 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Existing Initiatives Description
EV Accelerator Plan In 2019 the City of Ventura Environmental Sustainability Division worked with VCREA and Community Environmental Council to create an EV Accelerator Plan for the City. The City’s Accelerator Plan was included in a larger EV Ready Blueprint for Ventura County, which creates a step-by-step plan for electrifying the Region’s transportation sector. The City’s Accelerator Plan details the infrastructure needed for EVs to be one-eighth of all registered vehicles in the City by 2030. Ventura has City chargers: 16 publicly accessible EV Chargers at 6 locations.

Active Transportation Plan
(in progress)
The City is working on an Active Transportation Plan to incorporate bicycle and pedestrian mobility, Suggested Routes to School (SRTS), and Complete Streets components, in an ambitious path toward increasing mobility options for all City residents. The Plan outcomes will feed directly into the City’s General Plan update.

Water and Natural Systems
Water Efficiency Plan (WEP) Adopted in 2021, the Water Efficiency Plan provides a description of current conservation efforts and establishes a path to achieve greater water use efficiency. With the uncertainty of climate impacts on local water resources in the future, the WEP outlines specific measures Ventura will use to achieve efficiency and ensure the reliability of ventura’s water supply.

City Tree Master Plan Adopted in 2020, the City Tree Master is a guide to the essentials of effective administration and management of a comprehensive Urban Forest program in the City. The benefit that street trees offer is immeasurable and considered one of the most valuable long-term assets that cities have. The City is home to over 30,000 public trees.

Adaptation and Resilience
Ventura County Contingency
Plan for Heat/Cold Weather
Events
This document outlines responses to an extended heat wave or cold weather that could endanger the lives of citizens of Ventura County, especially those who are medically fragile, those living alone, and disabled individuals. Some considerations discussed include community centers as refuges from weather, creation of Voluntary Relief Centers, and proposed establishment of Cooling Centers.

Appendix BA: State and Local Regulatory and Program Summary

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Existing Initiatives Description
Heatwave Safety The City of Ventura webpage under emergency preparedness provides information about extreme heat and how to prepare for a heat emergency. The page Includes resources for shelter from extreme heat and signs of heat-related illnesses.

Surfers Point Managed
Retreat Project
This project focuses on moving infrastructure away from the beach to preserve the beach and surf break. Instead of building coastal armor such as a seawall, this project will move the parking lot, pedestrian path, and bike path away from the tideline. The project also includes planting and maintaining native vegetation within sand dunes and bioswales.
2020 Draft Urban Water
Management Plan for the
City of San Buenaventura
The 2020 Urban Water Management Plan for the City of San Buenaventura includes descriptions of the community’s water supply sources, projected water demands, and supply reliability during normal water years, single dry years, and five-dry years. The plan includes a discussion of the potential impacts of climate change on the system as well as reliability planning and a water shortage event contingency plan. The Urban Water Management Plan does not include strategies for mitigation and adaptation.

Coastal Resilience Ventura
Project
This program uses a web-based mapping tool to help identify Ventura County’s vulnerability from coastal hazards. Vulnerable populations are identified under various climatic scenarios. Critical infrastructure in coastal zones is identified under various sea level rise and storm surge scenarios as well.

Ventura Community Wildfire
Protection Plan
The County’s Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP)
identifies wildfire risks and clarifies priorities for funding and programs to reduce impacts of wildfire on communities at risk.

Some actions include vegetation management, wildfire safety education programs, and establishment and maintenance of evacuation routes.
2005 Ventura General Plan The 2005 City of Ventura General Plan includes actions that assess wildfires, flood hazards, air quality, water supply, and emergency response practices. General Plan policies include actions to optimize firefighting and minimize exposure to air pollution associated with point sources, project design review, land use compatibility, and compliance with the Ventura County Air Pollution Control District requirements. The General Plan also describes the water supply and system including the Casitas Municipal Water District, Ventura River surface water intake, subsurface water, and wells (Foster Park), Mound groundwater

AB-8 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Existing Initiatives Description
basin, Oxnard Plain groundwater basin (Fox Canyon Aquifer), and Santa Paula groundwater basin. The General Plan includes policies for resource conservation, policies to minimize flood hazards and mitigation for new development within flood hazard zones.

Ventura County Multi-
Jurisdiction Hazard
Mitigation Plan
The Ventura County Multi-Jurisdiction Hazard Mitigation Plan describes hazard mitigation policies for landslides, flooding, wildfires, sea level rise, and drought. The policies within the plan are regarding FEMA 100-year tide and sea level rise, compliance with NFIP, flood plain management, and long-term resilience to sea level rise and extreme storms for communities and critical assets adjacent to San Buenaventura Beach, Santa Clara River, Ventura River, and nearby areas of the shoreline. The plan also describes the County’s StormReady program, Ventura Water Pure Program, Hall Canyon Channel Drainage Basin Improvement Project, and wildfire awareness program.

City of Ventura Emergency
Response Team (CERT)
Program
The CERT program trains volunteers in basic first aid, light search and rescue, and small fire suppression, and is strongly associated with Ventura’s Fire Department. CERT volunteers may assist neighbors and other emergency personnel in times of emergency, and support evacuations along with other responsibilities.

City of Ventura Emergency
Operations Plan (City of
Ventura 2021)
Ventura’s Emergency Operations Plan details protocols to improve emergency preparedness, response, and recovery from natural disasters. The plan provides a system for the effective management of emergency situations and identifies lines of authority and responsibility. The plan reviews the hazards most likely to impact the City, especially those exacerbated by climate change including drought, extreme heat, wildfire, flooding, and severe winter storms.

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Appendix CB
Community Engagement
The City of Ventura understands how crucial community input is in understanding and addressing climate change mitigation, resilience, and adaptation. Community members – residents, businesses, visitors, and others – offer unique knowledge, perspectives, an d experiences navigating the impacts of climate shocks and stressors in the city. The City created and executed a public participation plan to ensure that community members and other stakeholders had a diversity of opportunities to share their opinions and take part in the development of EAP measures and the CARP. This appendix describes the community engagement activities and the key themes heard during the process.

CB-2 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

Energy Action Plan Community Engagement
The City conducted public outreach and engagement
to provide residents, business owners, stakeholders,
City staff, partner organizations, and individuals with the opportunity to participate in the planning process
for drafting the Energy Action Plan ( EAP). The g oals
of outreach and engagement were to:

1. Raise awareness of EAP development

2. Educate the public and other organizations
about this plan

3. Provide opportunities for input at the various
steps of plan development

4. Provide opportunities to influence decision-
making.

Specifically, the community outreach and
engagement process helped identify and refine goals,
strategies, and actions for reducing energy consumption, increasing energy efficiency, and using more renewable energy. Community outreach and engagement co mprised a variety of methods, including community surveys, a community workshop, tabling events, and stakeholder meetings.

Outreach Surveys
The City developed two community surveys to gather input from residents to help the City further understand community needs and preferences for the EAP.

Community Engagement Round 1 Survey
The first survey was designed to identify community priorities for energy improvements across residential and commercial sectors. The survey also asked participants about the importance of planning for climate change and resiliency through energy improvements. The survey was in both English and Spanish and was available electronically and in hard copy format. The online survey was hosted on VCREA’s and the City’s webpages between March and July 2018. Hard copy surveys were also distributed to residents at community meetings including the Neighborhood Community Council and Housing Authority of the City of Buenaventura meetings, tabling events including Ventura EcoFest and Fourth of July Street Fair, social media posts, and through the City’s monthly e -newsletter. Of the 316 responses received from residents and businesses, several community attitudes about energy became clear:

1. The City should prioritize climate and energy pro grams for both municipal operations and the community.

2. Energy planning should include strategies that are achievable, reduce emissions, improve environmental health, support the local economy, and keep the city resilient toward natural disasters and the future impacts of climate change.

3. The City should take steps to reduce resource and knowledge barriers for residents and businesses to implementing energy efficiency and renewable energy projects Photo Taken by City of Ventura Staff

Appendix CB: Community Engagement

| CB-3

4. The commercial sector represents an opportunity for education on energy policy and financing for greening projects.

5. Commercial and residential tenants need assistance to implement energy measures in their offices and homes.

Community Engagement Round 2 Survey
The second survey was designed to gather communi ty feedback on some specific strategy ideas for improving energy performance in residential and commercial buildings. The survey also asked respondents to identify priorities for increasing EV infrastructure and electrified public transportation.

The survey was in both English and Spanish and was hosted on VCREA’s and the City’s webpage for ten weeks in the early summer of 2019. Similar outreach methods were used to advertise the survey, including emails to previous email respondents. Ninety residents responded to the second survey.

The responses to both surveys were incorporated into the final strategy design. Round 1 and Round 2 Survey Reports are included in Appendix E.

Community Energy Workshop
On June 8, 2019, the City hosted a Community Energy Worksho p at City Hall. With approximately forty members of the public in attendance, the workshop opened with a presentation that introduced the concept of energy action planning and educated attendees about potential strategies. After the presentation, attendees split off into several breakout groups to discuss draft strategies that were featured in the Round 2 outreach survey. VCREA and Community Environmental Council staff recorded community input on strategies including solar and energy storage, citywide actio ns, and energy efficiency initiatives. A summary of feedback from this event is available in Appendix E.

Tabling Events
City and VCREA staff hosted EAP focused
booths at the annual Ventura EcoFest and
Fourth of July Street Fair in 2 018 and 2019.

The booths attracted hundreds of
community members with EAP -related
games and prizes and provided a venue to
discuss EAP strategies with residents.

Contractor Lunch
To vet some strategies with the local energy
contractor community, the City h osted a
lunch for local contractors that work in solar,
energy storage, HVAC, EV infrastructure,
and other relevant tradespeople. The event
featured conversations with City staff from
the Building and Safety and Environmental
Sustainability Divisions, and a review of draft
EAP strategies. About a dozen energy
professionals attended the lunch. A summary of feedback from this event is available in Appendix E.

Photo by VCREA Staff

CB-4 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

Environmental Sustainability Division Social Media Outreach The City utilized its Facebook and e-newsletter to publicize events relating to EAP planning efforts. Staff published articles online and posted about the Community Energy Workshop, Community Engagement Surveys, tabling events, and a free energy audit and benchmarking program for commercial busi nesses known as kWh Countdown.
kWh Countdown Business Engagement
The kWh Countdown program, funded
through the Local Government Challenge
grant, served to support EAP development by
informing the development of the business -
focused energy strategies. The pr ogram,
which began in July 2018, provided businesses
with free energy benchmarking and ASHRAE
Level II audits to help business owners analyze
their energy usage, save money on utility bills,
identify funding sources for energy upgrades,
and prioritize ener gy efficiency projects. In
addition, effective June 2018, state law (AB
802) requires buildings larger than 50,000
square feet to conduct benchmarking and
disclose their energy usage. kWh Countdown
helped businesses fulfill these requirements at
no cost.

The Project Team, in partnership with the
City’s Green Business Program, recruited
businesses, and reviewed energy audits.

Working closely with businesses to analyze
their energy usage provided the Project Team
insight into the needs and challenges of
business owners trying to effectively reduce
utility bills and increase overall performance,
health, and safety of their business facility.

ASHRAE Level II Audit
These audits analyze how a whole building is
functioning and identify projects that will
provide the greatest energy reduction at the
best return on investment. The audit involves
interviews with facility staff, review of utility
bills, and walkthrough of the facility. Data is
compiled and used to complete a report
describing energy efficiency measures and
potential capital improvements with detailed
energy calculations and financial analysis of
proposed measures.

Appendix CB: Community Engagement

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CB-6 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

Appendix CB: Community Engagement

| CB-7

CB-8 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

Appendix CB: Community Engagement

| CB-9
Round 2 Community Engagement Report

CB-10 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

Appendix CB: Community Engagement

| CB-11

CB-12 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

Appendix CB: Community Engagement

| CB-13
Contractor Lunch, December 17, 2019
Concepts for review from draft EAP, City of Ventura
Contractor feedback to draft EAP strategies is captured below as quotes or ratings for various ideas (Ratings for ideas are captured as “X” votes following numbers) Residential Solar/Storage
The City will review and revise City building codes, design guidelines, and zoning ordinances to remove barriers to renewable energy and battery storage projects. “Check out Antelope Valley’s municipal bus electrification and battery storage project. Also, Lancaster is home to a large electric bus factory. School buses can be used to power schools during outages.” “Battery storage – Suggest standardizing permits and implementing online permits. Online permitting of battery storage could result in quantification of for GHG emission reductions. “Zip Bar foam built into panels – plaster product that becomes structural component – does not pass City plan check (e.g., not allowed) for residential construction because it does not have an ICC number.” The City will develop or expand on existing solar programs, such as Solarize, to provide resources to assist in the installation of residential (multi -family and single -family) solar and storage projects.

Resources provided can be in the form of education, planning, contacting installers, a nd/or financial incentives.

POOR
1 2
3 4-X
5- XXX
GREAT
“Solarize programs are great. Bringing more customers/case studies to the workshops would help facilitate adoption. Incentives from the City would be great and alleviate the pressure of installers t o lower their costs.”
“The City of Ventura should take the initiative to Solarize public housing buildings and to establish vehicle charging stations so residents can be encouraged to purchase Evs. These charging stations could be covered with solar roofs”

CB-14 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

Commercial Solar/Storage
The City will Identify and work to remove barriers to commercial on -site renewable energy generation and energy storage by reviewing and exploring revision opportunities in development codes, design guidelines, zoning ordinances, and general plan policy. “More education and focus are needed on micro-grids. Resiliency!” “The City should work with Amber Kinetics to establish codes for establishing flywheel sto rage installations”
The City will actively support local commercial pilot projects encompassing thermal energy storage, battery storage, customer side/dispatchable storage, backup power at critical facilities, and microgrid development.

POOR
1 2 X (“This grade is based on the fact that there doesn’t appear to be any movement on micro- grid pilots”)
3 4
5- XX
GREAT
“I can help you include flywheel energy storage in this plan.” The City will research the development of a Solar Cooperative Purchasing Progra m (e.g., Solarize for businesses) to reduce renewable energy development costs.

POOR
1 2
3 4
5- XXX
GREAT
“City should look for incentives or dollars to provide the Solarize program.” “The City of Ventura should Solarize all public housing and make a large purchase of solar equipment and vehicle charging stations to economize”

Appendix CB: Community Engagement

| CB-15
Electric Vehicles
The City will review internal permitting policies and permit prices for public and private EV charger installations and modify policies and prices to reflect best practices “Great”
“The City should establish partially solar -powered charging station using battery storage as a demonstration project”
The City will streamline permitting for residential and non -residential EV charging stations as required under California law.
“Yes, Amen.”
“Great”
“EV permit fees – multiple permit fees add up and are expensive. Suggest Bear Valley Electrical Service has a Destination Make -Ready Rebate Pilot that provides installation rebates for up to 50 Level 2 chargers to commercial customers in addition to providing EV-TOU rate. Program combines EV permits fee with other electrical permit fees.”
https://www.bves.com/media/managed/approvedadviceletters3/355_E_BVES_Transportation_ Electrification_Pilot_Programs_Memorandum_Acco_.pdf.

What else should the City do to encourage EV adoption?
“Promote electric bikes! Electric bikes help educate market about charging.” “Establish battery or flywheel substations and establish mini/neighborhood utilities.” “Some form of monetary incentive”

Other Green Building
The City will amend City Building Code to recommend cool roof materials compliant with CALGreen Code for new construction and significant re-roofing projects.

POOR
1 2
3 4
5- XXXX
GREAT
“Public housing could use cool roof technology as air conditioners are prohibited in public housing units”
The City will subsidize permit fees and provide front -of-line permitting for building projects pursuing LEED or other green building certifications.

POOR

CB-16 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

1 2
3 4-XX
5-XX
GREAT
The City will research barriers to electrification of cooking, heating, and cooling in new and existing homes, and update City permitting practices to streamline electrification. “City-run senior housing residents require a way to cool their units in the summer months as they are prohibited from using standard window mounted AC units” “Heat pumps – there is not an appetite for heat pumps, usually only homes without gas lines request heat pumps. Pumps can be expensive and loud if installed on the side of the house. Suggest installing heat pumps during whole house system upgrades and incentivizing heat pumps. Suggest miniplates as an option.”
“Lack of incentives – CPA is looking at DER pilot program with incentives as well as Local Strategic Plan incentives for electrification and reach codes.”
What else should the City do to increase Green Building OR energy efficiency OR electrification in existing buildings?
“Monetary incentive or reduction in permitting timelines” “Oversized AC units – many homes do not need big systems. Suggest contractors help address problems with oversized systems by advising to install appropriately sized systems.” “Incentivize Architects and Realtors to educate.”

Appendix CB: Community Engagement

| CB-17
CARP Engagement Summaries
The following are summaries of the community engagement conducted to inform the development of the CARP, including:
• Community Survey on Natural Hazards and Climate Change • Community Survey on Greenhouse Gas Reduction
• Open House series
• CAUSE focus groups

CB-18 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

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Appendix DC
Social Vulnerability
Assessment Methodology
Understanding how place, demographics, and socioeconomic status contribute to climate change vulnerability may help identify avenues for policy and/or programmatic interventions. This assessment draws on existing literature on the subject to illustrate the geographic distribution of vulnerability in the City of Ventura. Specifically, this memorandum outlines an approach to assess the vulnerability of Ventura residents to extreme heat, wildfire, and sea level rise. It proposes a series of variables to include in the assessment, defines a methodology for combining them, and shows the final analysis.

DC-2 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Literature Review
Raimi + Associates conducted a brief literature review of climate change vulnerability to inform the City of Ventura’s Social Vulnerability Index. Overall, there are many social, economic, and environmental factors that influence community and individual vulnerability to climate impacts and their ability to adapt to climate change.

For example, outdoor workers are at greater risk of heat stroke and related illnesses from extreme heat events, lower income residents have fewer resources to repair flood or fire damage and may live in poor housing conditions, and people with limited English language proficiency are less likely to acce ss programs that could help during or after an extreme weather event. Moreover, individual biological factors, such as age or health status, can amplify a population’s sensitivity to climate change.

Furthermore, communities of color are often burdened wit h multiple, overlapping factors that cumulatively impact their ability to adapt or respond to climate change. Structural and institutional racism in economic, government, and social systems has resulted and continues to result in the disproportionate distr ibution of climate burdens and exposures, such as a low concentration of tree canopy coverage and a high concentration of impervious surfaces. In addition, a growing body of social epidemiological research has found that repeated experiences of racism become biologically embedded in the body and results in “weathering” or premature physiological deterioration, which in turn increases a population’s sensitivity to climate hazards.

Model Indices
As part of the literature review, four indices that measure soc ial vulnerability and disadvantage were assessed to inform the City of Ventura’s Social Vulnerability Index. All four indices are publicly available and utilize data from several verified sources of information.

Social Vulnerability Index
The Social Vulne rability Index was developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) to help public health officials and local planners better prepare for and respond to emergency events, lik e hurricanes, disease outbreaks, or exposure to dangerous chemicals. This index includes fifteen indicators from the U.S. American Community Survey, which are organized into four domains: socioeconomic status, household composition, race/ethnicity/language , and housing/transportation. Overall index scores are calculated on a percentile rank basis by ranking census tracts in comparison to all other census tracts in the state and in the nation. The index is commonly used to identify communities that will need support before, during, or after natural disasters and public health emergencies.

CalEnviroScreen
In California, disadvantaged communities are often identified through the California Environmental Health Screening Tool (CalEnviroScreen), which is a statewide index developed by the Office of Environmental Health Hazards Assessment (OEHHA) and California’s Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA). In 2021, OEHHA and CalEPA released version 4.0 of the tool, which includes data on 21 indicators at the ce nsus tract level that are organized into four categories: pollution exposures, environmental effects, sensitive populations, and socioeconomic factors. CalEnviroScreen’s overall index scores are calculated relative to all census tracts in California and ar e not on an absolute numeric basis.

Appendix DC: Social Vulnerability Assessment

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Based on guidance from the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, disadvantaged communities are identified as the top 25% scoring census tracts in comparison to all other census tracts in the state.

Overall, CalEnvi roScreen helps jurisdictions to identify communities disproportionately burdened by multiple sources of pollution.

Climate Change and Health Vulnerability Indicators (CCHVIs) The CCHVIs is a data visualization platform developed by the Climate Change and Health Equity Section at the California Department of Public Health (CDPH). The platform provides data on nineteen climate change and health indicators, which are organized into three domains: environmental exposures, population sensitivity, and adaptive ca pacity. Although CCHVIs is not itself an index, it provides information to better understand the people and places in California that are more susceptible to adverse health impacts associated with climate change, specifically extreme heat, wildfire, sea level rise, drought, and poor air quality.

Healthy Places Index
The California Health Places Index (HPI) is a weighted index of twenty-five healthy community indicators developed by the Public Health Alliance of Southern California. Indicators are organized at the census tract level into eight domains: economic, education, transportation, social, neighborhood, clean environment, housing, and healthcare access. Indicators are standardized into z-scores and averaged for each domain, and the overall scores are calculated as the weighted sum of all domain scores. Unlike other indices that measure vulnerability, higher scores indicate greater health conditions relative to the rest of California. Overall, the HPI is a comprehensive tool for measuring health equity and is used by many public health departments across California.

Variables and Methodology
Social Vulnerability Index
Based on the results of the literature review, Raimi + Associates compiled a list of social, economic, and environmental indicators commo nly associated with climate change vulnerability. This preliminary list was further refined by prioritizing cross -cutting variables that applied to at least two distinct hazards.

Fifteen vulnerability indicators were chosen for this analysis. Indicators were then sorted into five distinct risk categories: demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, race and ethnicity, housing conditions, and neighborhood conditions. Table C -1 l ists the proposed risk categories, vulnerability indicators, geographic scales, and data sources of the datasets to be included in the analysis.

Two units of geography are proposed for the social vulnerability analysis:
• Census Tract: A statistical subdivision of a county designated by the U.S. Census Bureau. A census tract has a population size between 1,200 and 8,000 people, with an optimum size of 4,000 people. Census tracts are often used in demographic analysis because their optimum size allows for community-level data with low margins of error. • Census Block Group: A small statistical subdivision of county designated by the U.S. Census Bureau. A block group has a population size between 600 and 3,000 people. Every census tract has at least one block group, and block groups are uniquely numbered within a census tract.

DC-4 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Table DC-1: Social Vulnerability Indicators
Risk Category Indicator Geographic Scale Data Source
Demographic
Characteristics
Percent Age 65 or older Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B01001 Percent Age 17 or younger Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B01001 Percent with Any Disability Census Tract ACS 15-19, Table B18101 Socioeconomic Status
Percent Age 25 or older with
less than a bachelor’s
degree
Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B15003
Percent of Households
Below 80% of Area Median
Income
Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B19011
Percent Agricultural
Workers34F
35 Census Tract ACS 15-19, Table C24050
Percent Construction
Outdoor Workers Census Tract ACS 15-19, Table C24050
Race and Ethnicity
Percent Population of Color Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B03002 Percent Linguistic Isolation
(speak English less than
well)
Census Tract ACS 15-19, Table C16001
Housing Conditions
Percent Renter-Occupied
Housing Units Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B25003
Percent Pre-1980 Housing Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B25034 Percent Mobile Homes Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B25024 Percent No Vehicle
Households Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B25044
Percent of Households with
Housing Cost Burden Census Tract ACS 15-19, Table B25106 Neighborhood Conditions
Percent of Households
Without Broadband Internet Block Group ACS 15-19, Table B28002 Percent Impervious Surface Census Tract MLRC National Land Cover Database (2011)
Percent No Tree Canopy35F
36 Census Tract MLRC National Land Cover
Database (2011)

35 Note: The ACS does not have specific estimates for the number of farmworkers. The closest employment category available is “Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing And Hunting, And Mining”. Thus, this category was used as a proxy for farmworkers. 36 Percent of area in the census tract not covered by tree canopy, weighted by population Appendix C: Social Vulnerability Assessment

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Figure DC-1: Social Vulnerability Assessment

DC-6 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Figure DC-2: Social Vulnerability Assessment with SB 1000 Disadvantaged Communities

Appendix DC: Social Vulnerability Assessment

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Figure DC-3: Social Vulnerability Assessment with Fire Hazard Severity Zones

DC-8 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Figure DC-4: Social Vulnerability Assessment with FEMA Flood Zones

Appendix DC: Social Vulnerability Assessment

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Figure DC-5: Social Vulnerability Assessment with Sea Level Rise Inundation Zones

DC-10 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

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Appendix ED
Climate Change Vulnerability
Assessment
This assessment evaluates how climate change may impact vulnerable community members, natural resources, buildings and facilities, and services and infrastructure in the City of Ventura. This report is consistent with Government Code § 65302 (as amended by Senate Bill (SB) 379) which requires cities, counties, and unincorporated areas across California to prepare a Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment to inform updates to the Public Safety Element of the General Plan. Understanding Ventura’s vulnerabilities to climate change provides a foundation to develop required climate adaptation goals, policies, and implementation programs for the CARP and the City’s Public Safety Element.

DE-2 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan

Appendix ED: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment

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Appendix FE
Greenhouse Gas Forecast and
Reductions Analysis
Methodology
This appendix provides more details on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions forecast and emissions reduction analysis.

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Greenhouse Gas Emissions Forecast
A GHG emissions forecast estimates future GHG emission changes by a ccounting for projected community growth as defined by Palmdale’s the City of Ventura General Plan Update. The forecast is built off the 2017 communitywide GHG emissions forecast and thus includes the same sectors and facilities.

Calculating the difference between the GHG emissions forecast and GHG emissions reduction targets set by a jurisdiction determines the gap in GHG emissions that needs to be closed through the implementation of local GHG reduction policies as outlined in the CARP. Two forecast scena rios were developed for Ventura out to horizon year 2045:
• Business-as-usual scenario (BAU): Provides a forecast of how future GHG emissions would change if consumption trends continued as they did in 2019 and growth were to occur as projected in the City’s General Plan, absent any regulations that would reduce local emissions. • Legislative adjusted scenario (ABAU): Provides a forecast of how currently adopted legislation would reduce GHG emissions from the business-as-usual scenario. The legislative adjusted scenario represents the state’s contribution to reducing local GHG emissions to meet state goals.

The adjusted forecast incorporates the impact of state regulations that provide GHG emission reduction potential to offer a more accurate picture of future G HG emissions growth and the responsibility of the City for GHG emissions reduction. The state legislation included in the adjusted forecast result in GHG emissions reduction related to transportation, building efficiency and renewable electricity.

The following State policies were included in the ABAU forecast:
• Transportation: Major regulations incorporated into the CARB’s 2021 transportation modeling used for forecast development include the Advanced Clean Truck Rule, SAFE Vehicle Rules and Actions, and Innovative Clean Transit Rule. 36F
37 • Title 24: The California Code of Regulations Title 24, Part 6: California’s Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings is updated triennially to allow consideration and possible incorporation of new energy-efficient technologies and methods.

The SB 32 Scoping Plan calls for the continuation of ongoing triennial updates to Title 24 that will yield regular increases in the mandatory energy and water savings for new construction. • Renewable Portfolio Standard (SB 100): The RPS requires utilities to increase procurement from eligible renewable energy resources to 50% of total procurement by 2026, 60% of total procurement by 2030, and GHG-free sources to 100% of total procurement by 2045. The GHG emission reduction from SB 100 are accounted for by reducing the GHG emissions associated with each unit of energy in line with the increasing stringent RPS requirements. In 2045, all retail electricity is assumed to be completely carbon neutral.

The City of Ventura CARP includes the following GHG emissions targets:

37 California Air Resources Board. (2021). EMFAC2021 Volume III Technical Document Version 1.0.1.

Accessed from: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021- 08/emfac2021_technical_documentation_april2021.pdf.

Appendix FE: Greenhouse Gas Forecast and Reductions Analysis Methodology

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• Reduce GHG emissions to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030 (SB 32 target year) • Achieve carbon neutrality by 2045 (EO B-55-18 target year) The equivalent 1990 GHG emission levels are derived by comparing the State’s GHG emissions from relevant sources from given year to the statewide GHG emission in 1990, using relevant GHG emission sectors. This assumes that GHG emissions in the City of Vent ura have generally scaled with the State’s GHG emissions, as vehicle fuel economy standards, waste reduction policies, and increased renewable energy procurement would have similar effects in the City as they did statewide. For the state minimum targets presented here, the State’s GHG emissions in 2005 were compared to 1990, with the agricultural GHG emission sector excluded. This showed that 2005 State GHG emissions levels were approximately 15% less than 1990 levels, and as such the City’s 2005 GHG emissi on levels are also assumed to be 15% less than 1990 levels.

The above GHG reduction analysis presented in the CARP shows that Ventura can reduce its fair share of emissions and achieve the SB 32 target of a 40% reduction by 2030. As a result, Ventura’s CA RP can be considered a Qualified Plan under CEQA. The concept of having a “qualified” CAP means that a climate action plan meets the criteria specified in CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5(b) for a plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, such tha t a “qualified” CAP may then be used for the specific purpose of streamlining the analysis of GHG emissions in subsequent projects. Local governments have discretion on what levels or targets are established in a “qualified” CAP, provided they address adopted policies and are based on substantial evidence.

GHG Reduction Estimates
The table below shows the detailed greenhouse gas reductions that the City can achieve by implementing the mitigation strategies and actions in the CAP. It also shows the participation assumptions and level of effo rt needed to achieve the associated reductions for each strategy based on the GHG reduction model. For example, to achieve the GHG reductions associated with the electrification strategy, 35% of existing residential and nonresidential buildings within the city have transitioned to all-electric in 2035 and 56% by 2045 and the annual number of dwelling units or buildings transitioning is 1,225 units and 65 nonresidential buildings.

FE-4 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan Table FE-1. Projected GHG Reduction Results
Strategy Assumptions
Cumulative
Participation Rate
2035
Cumulative
Participation Rate
2045
Annual
Participation
GHG Reductions
2030
GHG Reductions
2045
Buildings + Energy
Existing Building
Electrification
Phased-in: voluntary
until 2035, mandatory
after (assume 2.5%
annual participation
then 5% participation)
35% 62%
1,347 dwelling units
78 nonresidential
buildings
33,158 70,256
Residential New Construction
Reach Code
Mandatory: assume
100% participation 100% 100% N/A 876 983
Energy Efficiency Retrofits
Voluntary: assume

2.5% annual
participation
13% 21%
480 dwelling units
28 nonresidential
buildings
9,256 21,378
Nonresidential and Multi-
family Building
Retrocommissioning
Voluntary: assume

2.5% annual
participation rate
13% 21%
480 dwelling units
28 nonresidential
buildings
2,612 6,175
Clean Power Alliance Assume 50%-100% RE RPS 100% carbon free 94% of customers 46,876 0 Local Solar Installations
Voluntary: assume

2.5% annual
participation
5% 9%
200 dwelling units
52 nonresidential
buildings
0 0

Appendix FE: Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Forecast Methodology

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Transportation + Land Use
EV Adoption
Assume adoption rate in
line with Ventura
County
5% of households 11% of households 510 vehicles 7,356 14,878 Mode Split Mandatory: TDM
program for employers
Carpool: 15%
Transit: 6%
Walk/Bike: 7%
Carpool: 18%
Transit: 10%
Walk/Bike: 10%
N/A 21,748 58,602
Materials + Consumption
Organics Diversion Mandatory: SB 1383
compliance 75% reduction 75% reduction N/A 3,885 3,723 Natural Systems + Water Resources
Tree Planting Voluntary N/A N/A 400 trees 156 368
Water Efficiency
Voluntary: assume

2.5% annual
participation
28% 48%
1,200 dwelling units
63 nonresidential
buildings
237 0
Total Reductions (MTCO2e) 126,161 176,364
Forecasted ABAU emissions 487,135 446,803
Remaining ABAU emissions 360,974 270,439
1990 % Reduction -40% -55%

FE-6 | City of Ventura Climate Action and Resilience Plan GHG Reduction Calculator Data Sources
Emissions forecast: Raimi + Associates. (Updated 2022). Based on City of Ventura provided 2019 GHG Communitywide Inventory.

Demographic data: California Department of Finance, SCAG, and US Census Bureau adjusted by Raimi + Associates to align with the Ventura General Plan Update Demographic estimates • Housing units: 3x RHNA for City of Ventura
• Jobs growth: 1:1 with housing
Clean Energy
Avg. DC system size (kW): NREL PVWatts Calculator default value: https://pvwatts.nrel.gov/pvwatts.php Annual kWh generated by PV: NREL PVWatts Calculator default value:
https://pvwatts.nrel.gov/pvwatts.php
% homes using nat ural gas: California Residential Building Electrification Market Assessment https://www.ethree.com/wp-
content/uploads/2019/04/E3_Residential_Building_Electrification_in_California_April_2019.pdf Avg. Building size: California Residential Building Electrifi cation Market Assessment https://www.ethree.com/wp-
content/uploads/2019/04/E3_Residential_Building_Electrification_in_California_April_2019.pdf Avg. appliance efficiencies: https://rael.berkeley.edu/wp -content/uploads/2017/07/Raghavan-Wei- Kammen-WaterHeating-_-ENergyPolicy-2017.pdf
Energy savings of retrocommissioning and solar installation: CEC Options for Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings
Energy Savings of nonresidential retrofits: Advanced Energy Retrofit Guides https://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-20814.pdf, https://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-20761.pdf Energy Savings of residential retrofits: CEC Large Scale Residential Retrofit Program https://ww2.energy.ca.gov/2017publications/CEC-500-2017-009/CEC-500-2017-009.pdf.

EPIC emissions factor: 75% carbon neutral electricity estimated as 25% of current emissions factor for electricity
Buildings
Commercial building assumptions: A Look at the U.S. Commercial Building Stock: Results fro m EIA's 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) https://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/reports/
SCE emissions factor: Raimi + Associates. 2017 Communitywide GHG Emissions Inventory. (Updated 2022).

SoCalGas emissions factor: Raimi + Associates. 2017 Communitywide GHG Emissions Inventory. (Updated 2022).

Transportation
EV Fuel assumptions: Hybrid and Plug -In Electric Vehicle Emissions Data Sources and Assumptions https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric_emissions.html Appendix FE: Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Forecast Methodology

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Number and Type s of EVs in Los Angeles County: California Plug -In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Projections: 2017-2025 https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70893.pdf VMT per trip: Ventura County 2016 EMFAC model
Current mode split: US Census Bureau.

VMT: Forecasted to increase by service population demographic data.

Mode split estimates: CAPCOA Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures Waste
Tonnage data: CalRecycle
Sequestration
Annual CO2 accumulation per Tree: CAPCOA Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures

Ventura City CouncilJuly 10, 2023

Ventura City Council
July 10, 2023