Arcadia City Council
February 15, 2022

DAT
E: February 15, 2022
T
O: Honorable Mayor and City Council
F
ROM: Jason Kruckeberg, Assistant City Manager/Development Services Director Lisa Flores, Planning & Community Development Administrator Jeramie Brogan, Office Coordinator
S
UBJECT: RESOLUTION NO. 7407 - APPROVING GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT NO. GPA 21-02 WITH A NEGATIVE DECLARATION UNDER THE
CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT (“CEQA”) UPDATING
THE HOUSING ELEMENT FOR THE 2021-2029 HOUSING CYCLE
Recommendation: Adopt

SUMMARY
The City is required by State law to update its General Plan Housing Element every eight (8) years for certification by the Department of Housing and Community Development .

The Housing Element sets forth goals, policies, and programs that address future housing needs for all income levels over a planning period of 2021-2029, which coincides with a unit count established by the Regional Housing Needs Assessment ( “RHNA”). Arcadia was allocated 3,214 housing units under the RHNA for this housing cycle and the proposed document would satisfy this mandate. It is recommended that the City Council adopt Resolution No. 7407 (Attachment No. 1) adopting a Negative Declaration under the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) and approving General Plan Amendment No. GPA 21-02, updating the General Plan’s Housing Element.

BACKGROUND
A Housing Element is one of eight required elements, or chapters, of a City’s General Plan document. State law requires that all cities update their Housing Element once every eight (8) years to be in compliance with the guidelines of the Office of Housing and Community Development (“HCD”) . The City’s current Housing Element covers the planning period ex tending from 2014 to 2021, which is referred to as the “5 th Housing
Element Cycle” in reference to the five required updates that have occurred since a comprehensive revision to State law on this topic in 1980. All cities in the Southern California Associa tion of Governments (“SCAG”) region are required to prepare a

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

Housing Element Update for the 6th Planning Cycle, which spans the 2021- 2029 time period. The SCAG region includes Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Ventura, and Imperial Counties.

The 6
th Cycle Update requires a review of the current Housing Element, which was adopted in 2013, to evaluate the effectiveness of the current housing programs, goals , and policies and to identify the revisions that must be made to bring the Housing Element into compliance with current State law and HCD requirements. The most significant requirement is that the Element must effectively plan for the City’s Regional Housing Needs Assessment (“RHNA”) allocation of 3,214 housing units for this Cycle. The Update will also need to be internally consistent with the City’s General Plan, which was adopted in 2010, and with the Development Code, which underwent a comprehensive update in 2016.

The Housing Elements in the Southern California Association of Governments (“SCAG”) region were initially due by October 15, 2021. However, HCD provides a 120-day grace period after the deadline for local adoption, and given the complexity of the 6 th Cycle
Update, many cities are utilizing this additional time to complete their Elements.

In January 2021, the City retained the services of Kimley Horn to assist with updating the City’s Housing Element, which will be paid in part by a Local Early Action Planning Grant (“LEAP”) that was received from the State in the amount of $150,000.

DISCUSSION

The Housing Element consists of three components, each of which can be found in Attachment No. 2 in redlined form, showing responses to the comments received from HCD.

1. The Housing Element itself (Chapter 5 of the General Plan), which sets forth the City’s housing goals and policies to address identified housing needs.

2. The General Plan Implementation Plan (Chapter 10), which identifies specific programs to be pursued to achieve Housing Element goals and policies.

3. The Housing Element Technical Background Report, which includes the following:

• An analysis of the City’s population, household and employment base, and characteristics of the housing stock.
• A review of potential market, governmental, and environmental constraints on production, maintenance, and affordability of housing. • An analysis of fair housing issues and actions to foster inclusive communities to achieve racial equity, fair housing choice, and opportunity for all.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

• An evaluation of the land and financial resources available to address the City’s identified housing needs.
• An analysis of strategies for housing sites identified by income category to meet the City’s RHNA allocation.
• A summary of the community outreach efforts undertaken that focused on issues relating to residential land uses and housing needs. • A review of past accomplishments under the previously adopted Housing Element.

The d evelopment of the 2021–2029 Housing Element is guided by the following principles:

 Balanced Growth and Development
The General Plan establishes a balance and mix of land uses that promote economic growth and maintain a high quality of life for Arcadia residents. Our development decisions reflect Smart Growth principles and strategies that move us toward enhanced mobil ity, more efficient use of resources and infrastructure, and healthier lifestyles.

 Neighborhood Character
Arcadia’s single-family and multifamily residential neighborhoods have given the City its identity as the “Community of Homes.” The City protects and preserves the character and quality of its neighborhoods by requiring harmonious design, careful planning, and the integration of sustainable principles.

 Changing Housing Needs
The City encourages the retention, rehabilitation, and development of divers e housing that meets the people’s needs in all stages of their lives.

This Housing Element is an integral component of the General Plan; it builds upon other Elements and is consistent with the vision and guiding principles that shape the General Plan goals and policies. As the General Plan is updated over time, the City will ensure consistency among General Plan Elements, so policies introduced in one Element are consistent with other elements.

The Housing Element is unique because it requires review and certification by the State Department of Housing and Community Development ( “HCD”). State law requires Housing Elements to be updated on a regular basis to reflect a community’s changing housing needs. This Housing Element is an eight -year plan covering 2021-2029, unlike other General Plan Elements, which typically cover a ten-year or longer planning horizon.

This Housing Element identifies goals, policies, and programs that work toward:

 Providing adequate housing sites to achieve a variety of housing  Preserving and improving housing and neighborhoods

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

 Assisting in the provision of affordable housing
 Removing governmental constraints to housing developments  Promoting fair and equal housing opportunities

Another component of the Housing Element is the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (“RHNA”). RHNA is the process by which each city is assigned a share of the region’s need for additional housing units during the next Housing Element planning period (2021- 2029). RHNA allocations are determined for the City by SCAG based on criteria established by State law. The City’s allocation is as follows:

6th Housing Cycle (2021-2029)
Income Category Number of Units Percentage
Very Low Income Units 1,102 34%
Low Income Units 570 18%
Moderate Income Units 605 19%
Above-Moderate Income Units 937 29%
Total 3,214 100%

For the 2014- 2021 planning period (5
th Cycle), the City was allocated a total of 1,054
housing units. Between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019, the City issued permits for a total of 412 housing units towards meeting the City’s RHNA allocation for the 2014- 2021 planning period. The 2014- 2021 RHNA allocation was as follows and nearly all of the 412 units provided fall into the “above-moderate” category:

5th Housing Cycle (2014-2021)
Income Category Number of Units Percentage
Very Low Income Units 276 26%
Low Income Units 167 16%
Moderate Income Units 177 17%
Above-Moderate Income Units 434 41%
Total 1,054 100%

The City’s RHNA allocation of 3,2 14 units for the 2021- 2029 planning period is approximately three times higher than the previous allocation of 1,054 units for the 2014- 2021 planning period. This is a result of the significant increase in HCD’s projected housing need for the Southern California Region due in large part to cities statewide failing to meet demands in previous Cycles. The regional housing need for the 2021- 2029 planning period is 1,341,827 housing units, compared to 412,137 housing units for the 2014-2021 planning period. Given the significant increase in regional need, cities received much higher allocations through SCAG’s distribution process. In addition, Arcadia received a much higher percentage of Very Low Income Units, the result of SCAG’s methodology to allocate these units to areas with good transportation options and transit corridors, among other criteria.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

The Housing Element Update must demonstrate site development capacity to facilitate the construction of a variety of housing types for all income levels. It is important to note that the City is not responsible for the production of these units; rather, the City is obligated to provide adequate sites for the development of units through either appropriate General Plan land use and zoning designations , or through fut ure zoning changes to accommodate these units. Whether or not housing actually gets built, and what type of housing gets built, is largely up to the landowner and the housing market.

However, the City is responsible to provide programs and policies to facilitate new housing development, especially for Low and Very Low Income housing.

In order to react to the City’s RHNA numbers, the first consideration is to account for projects that are either: 1) entitled; 2) issued building permits; or 3) in the application stage with the Planning Division that will count towards the RHNA after July 2021. These projects within the “pipeline” are considered the City’s baseline unit count. Within this baseline, the City also receives credit for underutilized properties that allow residential uses, and existing and potential Accessory Dwelling Units (“ADUs”) throughout the City.

Along these lines, it has been determined based on past performance that it is appropriate to anticipate the development of 296 accessory dwelling units during the 6th Planning Cycle.

Based on the projects within the pipeline, residentially -zoned properties, and potential future ADUs, the baseline analysis results in a total of 2,545 housing units that could potentially be constructed in the City. This satisfies the housing units for above moderate- income level, but for not for the moderate, low, and very -low income categories. As a result, to make up this shortfall, there are seven (7) housing strategies that are being proposed to meet the City’s RHNA allocation, as discussed below under the Analysis section of the report.

Baseline Analysis Summary Table

ANALYSIS

As discussed above, in order to meet the City’s RHNA requirement, additional housing programs and strategies are needed beyond the units in the pipeline expected to be built.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

The City’s General Plan Implementation Plan (Chapter 10) (included in Attachment No. 2) lists and describes what policies and programs will need to be implemented over the next few years to meet the State’s requirements. In addition, t he Technical Background Report (also in Attachment No. 2) also provides detailed analysis and description of re- zoning strategies needed to meet the RHNA allocation of 3,214 units . Each of the recommended strategies is described below, along with an analysis of the potential number of units that could result following the implementation of the strategy. It is important to remember that all of these strategies are continuations or expansions of existing zoning designations that already exist in Arcadia. In some cases, it is recommended to expand existing zoning or apply a higher density to certain areas, but the overall strategy is to focus additional units and density into areas that can support it, and to protect single-family neighborhoods.

Strategy No. 1 - Downtown Mixed Use (“DMU”) Expansion

The City has identified General Commercial and Commercial Manufacturing zoned properties in and adjacent to Downtown Arcadia as an opportunity to introduce high density residential flex overlays to expand existing Downtown Mixed-Use zoning.

Expanding the opportunity for high density residential in the downtown area is compatible with adjacent Central Business District and Downtown Mixed- Use zoned parcels which allow up to the maximum density of 80 dwelling units per acre (80 du/ac).

Downtown Mixed Use Expansion

The City has identified 30 sites that are currently Commercially zoned to be rezoned to Downtown Mixed-Use at 80 du/acre with a 1.0 floor area ratio for non-residential uses. Of the 39.22 acres of land identified as part of this strategy, 37.36 acres met the criteria required by the State for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low Income units.

An assumed density of 64 du/acre was applied to calculate the theoretical capacity of each site. The theoretical capacity of these sites is projected at 2,405 units. However, a planning-level redevelopment percentage of 50% has been applied to project a more feasible assumption of future housing development on Mixed- Use sites. This assumes that only half of the potential parcels will redevelop in this manner. The realistic capacity of these sites is projected at 1,214 units, 305 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low Income households.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

Downtown Mixed-Use Overlay

Similarly, t he City has
identified 75 sites that are
currently Commercially
zoned to implement a
Downtown Mixed -Use
Overlay that will allow for
residential uses in a
mixed-use development
format at a maximum
density of 80 du/acre with
a 1.0 floor area ratio for
non-residential uses . Of
the 18.19 acres of land
identified as part of this
strategy, 2.69 acres met
the criteria required by the
State for sites projected to
accommodate Low and
Very Low Income units. An assumed density of 64 du/acre was applied to calculate the theoretical capacity of each site. The theoretical capacity of these sites is projected at 352 units. However, it is assumed that only 50% of the properties will redevelop in this manner to project a more feasible assumption of future housing development on Mixed- Use sites. The realistic capacity of these sites is projected at 266 units, 69 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low income households.

The map above and table below show the area of proposed changes, and a total of 1,480 new net units are possible from the DMU Expansion and adding the DMU Overlay. The reason for the Overlay in some areas instead of a full zone change is to allow the property owners to maintain certain uses that are not typically allowed in the DMU Zone but are services that have existed successfully in the area such as auto body and repair shops, general offi ce uses, and light manufacturing businesses in the northern part of the Downtown. The overlay allows for development flexibility without creating non-conforming uses.

The implementation of these zone changes will occur within three years of the adoption of the Housing Element Update.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

Income Category Capacity to
Accommodate RHNA
Low and Very Low 374
Moderate 148
Above Moderate 958
Total New Net Units 1,480

Strategy No. 2 – Mixed-Use Upzone

The City has identified the Mixed- Use Zone as an opportunity to increase density to promote the development of more residential units which could be supported by adjacent uses. The proposal is to increase the maximum density from 30 du/acre to 50 du/acre.

There are 106 sites
covering 36.15 acres
that are within the
Mixed-Use Zone,
generally within the
downtown or along the
Live Oak Corridor . Of
the 36.15 acres of land,
approximately 17.26
acres met the criteria
required by the State for
sites projected to
accommodate Low and
Very Low Income units.

An assumed density of
40 du/acre was applied
to calculate the
theoretical capacity of
each site. The theoretical capacity of these sites is projected at 817 units. Again, a redevelopment likelihood of 50% has been applied to project a more feasible assumption of future housing development on Mixed-Use sites. The realistic capacity of these sites is projected at 477 units, 124 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low Income households.

The map above and table below show the area of proposed changes, and a total of 477 new net units are possible following the Mixed-Use Upzone. The implementation of these zone changes will occur within three years of the adoption of the Housing Element Update.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

Income Category Capacity to
Accommodate RHNA
Low and Very Low 124
Moderate 51
Above Moderate 302
Total New Net Units 477

Strategy No. 3 – Las Tunas/Live Oak Residential Flex Overlay

The Las Tunas and Live Oak Corridor has an opportunity to both increase density and introduce residential density on viable Commercial properties. The adjacent Mixed- Use zoning and access to transit supports the increase of residential uses in the corridor. The City identified two areas along the corridor with opportunities based on adjacent use and densities to introduce Residential Flex Overlays within.

Las Tunas Residential Flex Overlay

There are 31 sites on Las Tunas Dr. that are currently Commercially zoned to implement a Residential Flex Overlay that will allow for residential uses at a maximum density of 60 du/acre. Of the 15.92 acres of land identified as part of this strategy, 12.07 acres met the criteria to accommodate Low and Very Low Income units. Parcels within the Las Tunas Corridor have the capacity to accommodate 609 units of development at an assumed density of 48 du/acre, 155 of which are projected to accommodate housing affordable to Low and Very Low I ncome
households.

Live Oak Residential Flex
Overlay

There are 26 sites on Live Oak
Ave. that are currently
Commercially zoned to
implement a Residential Flex
Overlay that will allow for
residential uses at a maximum
density of 50 du/acre. Of the

10.60 acres of land identified as
part of this strategy, 3.65 acres
met the criteria to accommodate Low and Very Low Income units. Parcels within the Las Tunas Corridor have the capacity to accommodate 185 units of development at an assumed density of 40 du/acre, 48 of which are projected to accommodate housing affordable to Low and Very Low Income households.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

The map above and table below show the area of proposed changes, and a total of 794 new net units are possible from both Overlays. The implementation of these zone changes will occur within three years of the adoption of the Housing Element Update.

Income Category Capacity to
Accommodate RHNA
Low and Very Low 203
Moderate 82
Above Moderate 509
Total New Net Units 794

Strategy No. 4 – General Commercial (“C-G”) Flex Overlay

General Commercial zoned properties are another area for redevelopment opportunity where underutilized, smaller scale commercial development can transition to support residential development in cases where it is more desirable than a struggling commercial use.

The City identified 76
sites (84.38 acres)
throughout the City as
part of the C -G
Residential Flex
Overlay Focus Area

that would allow for
residential uses at
maximum density of
30 du/acre. However,
an assumed density of
24 du/acre was
applied to calculate
the theoretical
capacity of each site.

The theoretical
capacity of these sites is projected at 1,983 units. It was further assumed that only 50% of the area would redevelop over time to project a more feasible assumption of future housing development in this Focus Area. The realistic capacity of these sites is projected at 992 units, 252 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low income households.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

The map above and table below show the area of proposed changes , and t he implementation of these zone changes will occur within three years of the adoption of the Housing Element Update.

Income Category Capacity to
Accommodate RHNA
Low and Very Low 252
Moderate 100
Above Moderate 640
Total New Net Units 992

Strategy No. 5 – R-3 Upzone

The R-3 Zone has been identified by the City as an area with the opportunity to support increased density from 30 du/acre to 40 du/acre that is compatible with adjacent higher density residential uses and other uses that support residential development. Higher density within this Focus Area can be expected to accommodate lower income units.

There are 355 sites
or 236.28 acres that
are within the R -3
zone. Of the 236.28
acres of land,
approximately
177.21 acres met
the criteria to
accommodate Low
and Very Low
Income units. An
assumed density of
32 du/acre was
applied to calculate
the theoretical
capacity of each
site. The theoretical
capacity of these
sites is projected at
2,715 units. Through the history of redevelopment of R -3 sites, additional incentives for affordable housing, and inclusionary policy programs, a reasonable redevelopment of 25% has been applied. This redevelopment percentage will project a more feasible assumption of future housing development on non-vacant sites with existing multi-family

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

housing. The realistic capacity of these sites is projected at 810 units, 213 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low Income households.

The map above and table below show the area of proposed changes, and the implementation of these zone changes will occur within three years of the adoption of the Housing Element Update.

Income Category Capacity to
Accommodate RHNA
Low and Very Low 213
Moderate 84
Above Moderate 513
Total New Net Units 810

Strategy No. 6 – Arcadia Golf Course (Par 3)

Through a Specific Plan or similar zoning tool, the Arcadia Golf Course can accommodate approximately 192 units. The City owns the Arcadia Par 3 Golf Course and is currently negotiating with development teams to evaluate the future sale of the property and/or redevelopment of the site. It is anticipated that the City will enter into a Purchase and Sale Agreement and a
Development Agreement
with a selected Development
Team on the entitlement of
the site at some point during
this housing cycle . Per the
requirements of the SLA, a
portion of the project will be
dedicated to affordable
housing units (between 15%
and 25% of all units
developed). In addition, the
resulting project will also
likely retain a substantial
open space component and
provide market-rate units in a
Specific Plan format. The projected number of units in this area reflect the current proposals under evaluation, not the number of units the final approved development will include. The table below displays the projected assumptions for net unit yield based on expressed developer interest.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

Income Category Capacity to
Accommodate RHNA
Low and Very Low 48
Moderate 72
Above Moderate 72
Total Units – Specific Plan 192

Strategy No. 7 - Inclusionary Housing Policy

As part of this Housing Element Update, the Planning Division will investigate inclusionary housing policy options as an additional means to provide a variety of housing types and opportunities in Arcadia. An inclusionary housing policy typically is an ordinance that requires a certain number of affordable housing units to be built along with any housing project. For example, a typical ordinance would require that when 10 or more units are being constructed, 15-20% of those units must be affordable units. So, in this example, if a 100 unit project were to be proposed, 15 to 20 of the units would need to meet affordability requirements. In certain circumstances, a developer might be allowed to pay a fee in lieu of including affordable units within their development in order to facilitate that number of units being built elsewhere. According to the Implementation Plan, staff would provide options and propose an inclusionary housing policy within nine months of the adoption of the Housing Element Update.

It is the City’s goal is to implement most of these changes within the first three years after the Housing Element Update has been adopted, with the exception of the Inclusionary Housing Policy , which would be completed sooner . With adoption of the primary strategies listed above within the next three years, along with the natural development of units within the pipeline, the City of Arcadia will provide the capacity to meet its RHNA obligations. These strategies have been detailed in the draft documents created to date, and have been presented to both the community and HCD over time. The public outreach efforts through the process are detailed in the section below.

PUBLIC OUTREACH EFFORTS AND COMMENTS FROM HCD

A number of outreach efforts have been conducted for the Housing Element Update Project to engage the public, provide feedback loops, and provide timely information.

Each of the public outreach components of the Housing Element Update are described below, and all the summaries can be found on the City’s website, a link to which is provided in the first bullet below.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

• Dedicated website for the Housing Element Update
(ArcadiaCA.gov/housing) with all project materials, including summaries from community workshops and the draft public review documents

• Frequently Asked Questions Page/Fact Sheet including detailed answers to commonly asked questions

• Community Survey, in English and Chinese (June 21 – August 6, 2021): The City launched an online community survey in June, where participants were asked to consider potential policies and programs to include in the Housing Element. A total of 759 persons participated in the survey.

• Postcard mailer to all property owners & residential tenants in the City, with information on the Update and a link to the Community Survey.

• Community Workshop No. 1 (June 14, 2021): Outreach presentation and informational videos (English and Chinese) consisting of an overview of the RHNA process, the tentative schedule of the Housing Element Update and information on understating of the RHNA process, and how to get informed about future opportunities for community participation.

• Community Workshop No. 2 (September 23, 2021): Participants learned about the Housing Element Update process and the City’s progress, heard an overview of the community survey results, and learned about potential strategies to accommodate the new housing units required by the State through the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA). The meeting was presented in English and Chinese.

• Release of Draft Housing Element (September 30, 2021 & December 21, 2021):

Notification of the availability of the Draft Housing Element (September 30, 2021), and the Revised Draft Housing Element (December 21, 2021), was emailed to interested parties, community stakeholders, and shared via the City’s social media channels.

• Social Media and Digital Media Engagement, in English and Chinese: Staff engaged with the community throughout the Update process and posted updates on the City website and across four separate social media channels including Twitter and WeChat. Posts were made weekly and/or bi -weekly during major Update-related events.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

• City Newsletters and Print Publications: Through the planning process, the City posted information related to the Housing Element update in the City’s 2021 Spring and Summer newsletters, and five monthly “Hot Sheet” publications.

Comments from HCD on Draft 2021-2029 Housing Element

The public draft Housing Element was submitted to HCD on September 30, 2021, and it was released for public review from September 30, 2021, to November 1, 2021, to give community members and stakeholders an opportunity to provide input.

On November 29, 2021, the City received comments from HCD in response to submittal of the Draft Housing Element – refer to Attachment No. 3. This letter outlines the changes and/or additions that HCD has raised to ensure certification of the Element. Below is a summary of the primary changes that were made to the draft Housing Element based on the comment letter from HCD.

• Added additional detail on Special Needs populations in Arcadia and how the Housing Element Programs can serve Special Needs Populations.

• Further review of land use controls, permitting procedures, local ordinances, and housing for persons with disabilities.

• Added additional examples of past performance to justify sites inventory.

• Increased affordability assumption based on an increase in programs to incentivize the development of affordable housing.

• Revised timelines and added programs to support a variety of housing types.

• Refined maps and included additional comparative analysis between region and City.

A complete response to the HCD comments was provided in a matrix – refer to Attachment No. 3 of this report. The matrix outlines the entirety of the changes that were made to the Draft Housing Element in response to the comments received from HCD during their review. The redlined versions of the various sections of the Housing Element includes the revisions made to the documents in response to HCD comments – refer to Attachment No. 2. These draft documents were resubmitted back to HCD on December 21, 2021. Both the original and redlined version are on the City’s website at www.arcadiaca.gov/housing
. The proposed Strategies under the Analysis reflect all the recent changes.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

Comments from the Public
Aside from the City’s newsletter and print publications, the public hearing notices for this item were published in the Arcadia Weekly on December 16, 2021, January 13, 2022, and February 3, 2022. The City received three letters during the comment review period, and four people provided their comments during the Planning Commission meeting – refer to Attachment No. 4 for written comments and Attachment No. 5 for verbal comments within the Excerpt of the PC Minutes, dated January 25, 2022. A majority of comments received were supportive of the proposed changes and the recommended inclusionary housing policy. In addition, t he Southcoast Regional Council of Carpenters requested that language be added to require the use of a local skilled and trained workforce.

PLANNING COMMISSION

The Housing Element Update was presented to the Planning Commission at their regular meeting on January 25, 2022, for consideration and recommendation to the City Council – refer to Attachment No. 5 for the Planning Commission Resolution No. 2087, Planning Commission Staff Report, and excerpt of the minutes. After discussion, the Commission voted unanimously to recommend approval of the Housing Element to the City Council along with their comments. A majority of the Commissioners requested that the Arcadia Golf Course be removed from the list of potential sites for housing since it offers other recreational opportunities/activities aside from golf and this should be prioritized by the City.

FINDINGS
The following findings are recommended to be made in support of the amendments to the General Plan for the Housing Element and Implementation Plan.

1. The amendment is internally consistent with all other provisions of the General Plan.

The Housing Element would make the General Plan consistent with state law requirements per Government Code Section 65580 that requires the Housing Element to be updated every eight years upon the adoption of a region’s Regional Housing Needs Allocation ( “RHNA”). The Housing Element Update identifies goals, policies, and implementation programs addressing housing opportunities, removal of governmental constraints, improving the condition of existing housing and providing equal housing opportunities for all Arcadia residents. These goals, policies , and program actions are consistent with all other Elements of the General Plan in that they further the City’s overall goals to create a diverse, sustainable, and balanced community by implementing strategies and programs that contribute to economic and socially diverse housing opportunities that preserve and enhance Arcadia’s character.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

2. The proposed amendment will not be detrimental to the public interest, health, safety, convenience, or general welfare of the City.

The proposed amendments are in the public interest and reflect the input of residents, decision makers, and other stakeholders in the community. No zone changes are proposed under the Housing Element Update that would reduce or compromise existing standards that protect the health, safety , or general welfare of the City. The Initial Study/Negative Declaration for the Housing Element Update analyzed all the significant environmental impacts of all candidate housing sites associated with the proposed 6th Cycle Housing Element Update, and it was determined that all the potential impacts would be less than significant. Therefore, the proposed General Plan amendment for the Housing Element Update would not be detrimental to the public health and welfare, and in fact, the promotion and encouragement of diverse and varied housing types throughout the City furthers the public interest and convenience of residents by providing housing options and choices over time at a variety of price points.

Based on the foregoing and the totality of the record, the required findings can be met.

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
The proposed project has been assessed in accordance with the authority and criteria contained in the California Environmental Quality Act ( “CEQA”) and CEQA Guidelines.

An Initial Study/Negative Declaration ( “IS/ND’) has been prepared for the project for the City, as the lead agency. The IS/ND was prepared consistent with CEQA requirements on the basis that there was no substantial evidence that ther e may be significant environmental impacts on specific environmental areas – refer to Attachment No. 6.

The IS/ND was made available for public review from September 30, 2021, to November 1, 2021. A Notice of Intent to adopt the ND was published in the newspaper on December 16, 2021, posted on the City’s webpage, and posted at the L.A. County Clerk’s office on December 17, 2021. A copy of the IS/ND was made available on the City’s webpage, at the Planning Division office, and at the City L ibrary. During this time period, public agencies, organizations, and the public in general were afforded the opportunity to review the Draft IS/ND and submit written comments regarding the documents and the proposed project.

The City received three comment letters from the following agencies and a Response to Comments has been provided as part of the CEQA document – refer to Attachment No.

6. 1. Los Angeles County Department of Regional Planning, dated December 23, 2021.

In their letter, the County did not have any comments on the Draft Housing Element but invited the City to review their upcoming Draft 2045 Climate Action Plan. The City will review documents as they are available and provide applicable

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

commentary. As the Climate Action Plan is not incorporated in this Project, no further action or response is required.

2. Los Angeles County Sanitation District, dated January 4, 2022. In their letter, the District offered comments regarding their sewerage service for future developments. In the Response to Comments, the City is committing to f uture development projects being required to assess their utility demands with utility operators and franchises contracted within the City. This includes the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts. In addition, through CEQA review, future projects will be required to ascertain whether their individual projects will require the expansion of utility facilities. Any identified significant impact would require coordination with utility providers, including the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts. The comments and their responses do not change the conclusion of the IS/ND.

3. California Fish & Wildlife, dated January 18, 2022. In their letter, the California Fish & Wildlife recommended measures and comments to the City to ensure the Project will not create any significant impacts , specifically to the Par 3 Golf Course since it could impact an endangered species, known as Bell’s Vireo. Given that there is no real project proposed at the Arcadia Golf Course, and the City is not proposing to rezone that property as part of this Housing Element Update effort at this time, the City intends to acknowledge the information that has been provided within the Response to Comments, as part of the IS/ND. Any future housing projects on any of the candidate sites will undergo a complete environmental review under CEQA.

Should a project move forward at the Par 3 Golf Course, the City will consider the potential presence of the Bell’s Vireo in its CEQA review efforts undertaken at that time.

FISCAL IMPACT

Approval of the draft Housing Element itself will not result in a direct fiscal impact to the City. Implementation of the goals and policies within the Housing Element will lead to additional housing units with the City, which generally provide increases in property value and property taxes and a positive fiscal benefit to the City. Conversely, loss of commercial property over time in favor of residential development could result in lower sales taxes and other City revenues as land uses change over time. Each zone change or other strategy that is proposed within the Housing Element Update will be reviewed by the City Council prior to adoption, and the specific fiscal impact of each action will be analyzed on a case by case basis as these recommended strategies are presented.

Housing Element Update
February 15, 2022

RECOMMENDATION

It is recommended that the City Council adopt Resolution No. 7047 adopting a Negative Declaration and approv ing General Plan Amendment No. GPA 21- 02, updating the General Plan’s Housing Element.

Should the City Council adopt the Housing Element Update, it will be sent to HCD for certification. Minor edits and modifications requested by HCD will be handled administratively and the document will be adjusted in that manner. If HCD has further substantive comments and/or does not certify the Housing Element, the documents will be returned to the Planning Commission and City Council for further review.

Attachment No. 1: Resolution No. 7407
Attachment No. 2: Redlined versions of the Draft Housing Element Update , Implementation Plan, and Technical Background Report
Attachment No. 3: C omment letter from HCD and Matrix with all the proposed changes Attachment No. 4: Comment Letters from the Public
Attachment No. 5: Planning Commission Resolution No. 2087, Staff Report, dated January 25, 2022, and excerpt of the Planning
Commission Minutes dated January 25, 2022.
- NOTE: The attachments to the PC Staff Report are not attached here since they have been provided as part of this staff report.

Attachment No. 6: Draft Initial Study/N egative Declaration, Comment Letters, and Response to Comments

Att achment No. 1
Attachment No.1
Resolution No. 7407

Attachment No. 2
Attachment No.2
Redlined versions of the Draft
Housing Element, Implementation
Plan, and Technical Background
Report
Chapter 5:

Housing Element
Arcadia General Plan
Introduction
During the 1990s to today, Arcadia has experienced a continuing shift in the age structure and household composition of its population. Arcadia’s quality neighborhoods, excellent public services, and high-ranking public school system continue to attract new residents and families, resulting in upward pressure on the housing market.

Arcadia residents value the family-oriented character of their community and take pride in the quality of its residential neighborhoods. This Housing Element reflects this guiding principle and includes goals, policies, and programs that work to preserve the integrity of existing neighborhoods.

Because Arcadia is a built-out suburban community, new residential construction has been accommodated primarily through the redevelopment of infill properties and the recycling of existing lower-intensity housing to medium- to higher-intensity uses. This trend is anticipated to continue. For example, the extension of the Gold Line light rail service to Downto wn Arcadia in the past decade has led to a number of mixed-use and urban housing projects. In this cycle, the City plans to continue encouraging transit-oriented development and increasing higher-intensity uses . Through the General Plan, the City promotes smart growth principles by encouraging higher-intensity mixed-use developments in Downtown, along First Avenue, and along Live Oak Avenue as a means of providing housing opportunities and encouraging walking and use of public transit (thereby reducing vehicle trips).

Consistent with long-established City practices of promoting high-quality housing, this Element also accommodates continued development of single-famil y homes in neighborhoods that traditionally have had very large lots, remnants of pr ior days when horse-keeping and small-scale agricultural activities were permitted.

This Housing Element is an integral component of th e General Plan; it builds upon other elements and is consistent with the vision and guiding principles that shape the General Plan goals and policies. As the General Plan is updated over time, the City will ensure consistency among General Plan elements so policies introduced in one element are consistent with other elements.

The Housing Element consists of three components:

ƒ The Housing Element itself, which sets forth th e City’s housing goals and policies to address identified housing needs

ƒ The General Plan Implementation Plan, which identifies specific programs to be pursued to achieve Housing Element goals and policies

ƒ The Housing Element Technical Background Report, which includes the following:

• A summary of the community outreach efforts undertaken that focused on issues relating to residential land uses and housing needs
• An analysis of the City’s population, household and employment base, and characteristics of the housing stock
• A review of potential market, governmental, and environmental constraints on production, maintenance, and affordability of housing
• An analysis of fair housing issues and actions to foster inclusive communities to achieve racial equity, fair housing choice, and opportunity for all. • An evaluation of the land and financial resourc es available to address the City’s identified housing needs
• An analysis of strategies for housing sites identified by income category to meet the City’s RHNA allocation
• A summary of the community outreach efforts undertaken that focused on issues relating to residential land uses and housing needs
• A review of past accomplishments under the previously adopted Housing Element Achieving Our Vision
Arcadia General Plan – December 2013 Housing Element | i Development of the 2021–2029 Housing Element is guided by the following principles:

ƒ Balanced Growth and Development
The General Plan establishes a balance and mix of land uses that promote economic growth and maintain a high quality of life for Arcadia residents. Our development decisions reflect Smart Growth principles and strategies that move us toward enhanced mobility, more efficient use of resources and infrastructure, and healthier lifestyles.

ƒ Neighborhood Character
Arcadia’s single-family and multifamily residential neighborhoods have given the City its identity as a “Community of Homes.” The City protects and preserves the character and quality of its neighborhoods by requiring harmonious design, careful planning, and the integration of sustainable principles.

ƒ Changing Housing Needs
The City encourages the retention, rehabilitation, and development of diverse housing that meets the people’s needs in all stages of their lives.

Planning Framework for Housing

The California Legislature has indicated that a primary housing goal for the State is ensuring every resident has a decent home and suitable living environment. Recognizing the important role of local planning in the pursuit of this goal, the Legislature has mandated th at all jurisdictions in the State prepare a Housing Element as part of the comprehensi ve General Plan. Section 65302 of the Government Code sets forth the specific components to be included in the Housing Element. State law further requires that the Housing Element be updated every eight years to reflect a community’s changing housing needs. This Housing Element updates the previous 2013 – 2021 Housing Element to reflect evolving needs, priorities, resources, and conditions in the City. This Housing Element covers the planning period of October 15, 2021 through October 31, 2029. State planning law mandates jurisdic tions within the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) region to adopt a Housing Element certified by HCD within 120 days of the statutory deadline (October 15, 2021. The 2021 – 2029). The Housing Element will include housing-related goals, policies, and programs to address the existing and projected future housing needs.

Section 65580 of the California Government Codes describes the State’s housing goals as follows:

ƒ The availability of housing is of vital statewide importance, and the early attainment of decent housing and a suitable living environment for every Californian, including farm workers, is a priority of the highest order.

ƒ The early attainment of this goal requires cooperative participation of government and the private sector in an effort to expand housing oppo rtunities and accommodate the housing needs of Californians of all economic levels.

ƒ The provision of housing affordable to low and moderate income households requires the cooperation of all levels of the government.

ƒ Local and state governments have a responsibility to use the powers vested in them to facilitate the improvement and development of housing to make adequate provision for housing needs of all economic segments of the community.

ƒ The Legislature recognizes that in carrying out this responsibility, each local government also has the responsibility to consider economic, environmental, and fiscal factors and community goals set forth in the general plan and to cooperate with other local governments and the state in addressing regional housing needs.

Section 65581 of California Government Code reflects the Legislative intent for mandating that each city and county prepare a Housing Element which:

ƒ Ensures that counties and cities recognize their responsibilities in contributing to the attainment of the state housing goal

ƒ Ensures that counties and cities will prepare and implement housing elements, which along with federal and state programs, will move toward attainment of the state housing goals

Arcadia General Plan – December 2013 Housing Element | i ƒ Recognizes that each locality is best capable of determining what efforts are required by it to contribute to the attainment of the state housing goal, provided such a determination is compatible with the state housing goal and regional housing needs

ƒ Ensures that each local government cooperates wi th other local governments in order to address regional housing needs

Role of the Housing Element
The Housing Element is one of the seven eight General Plan Elements required by the State of California. It is required to be consistent with other Elements of the General Plan. The Housing Element is unique because it requires review and certification by the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). State law requires Housing Elements to be updated on a regular basis to reflect a community’s changing housing needs. This Housing Element is an eight-year plan covering 2021 – 2029, unlike other General Plan elements, which typically co ver a ten-year or longer planning horizon. This Housing Element identifies goals, policies, and programs that work toward:

ƒ Providing adequate housing sites to achieve a variety of housing ƒ Preserving and improving housing and neighborhoods
ƒ Assisting in the provision of affordable housing
ƒ Removing governmental constraints to housing developments ƒ Promoting fair and equal housing opportunities
Housing and Household Conditions
The Housing Element Technical Background Report details the demographic conditions and housing needs in Arcadia, addressing the issues required by Housing Element law.

Existing Housing Stock
Housing and neighborhood conservation are important to maintaining and improving quality of life.

Commonly, housing over 30 years of age needs some form of major rehabilitation, such as a new roof, foundation work, plumbing, etc. Approximately 46.21 percent of the housing units in Arcadia were built prior to 1970, making many of these close to or over 40 years old today ( Table H-1). Howe ver , because overall household incomes are higher than the County median, local homeowners invest in housing maintenance. Therefore, the age of homes in Arcadia does not necessarily equate to extensive rehabilitation needs.

From 2018 to 2021, Code Enforcement staff indicate d that there were 4,419 cases property maintenance cases in Arcadia. Approximately 2,367 of these cases were related to housing maintenance. Per the City’s Code Enforcement data, there are four properties in the City that would be considered substandard.

Table H-1: Age of Housing Stock
Year Built % of All Housing Units
Built 2014 or later 1.2%
2010 to 2013 1.5%
2000 to 2009 6.1%
1990 to 1999 7.8%
1980 to 1989 10.1%
1970 to 1979 13.2%
1960 to 1969 15.1%
1950 to 1959 23.0%
1940 to 1949 13.9%
1939 or earlier 8.1%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Regardless of the presence of substandard housing, the age of the housing stock alone indicates a potentially significant need for continued code enforcement, property maintenance, and housing rehabilitation programs to prevent housing deteriorat ion. Efforts to improve and revitalize housing must address existing conditions, but also focus on encouraging preventive efforts to ensure that housing stock quality is maintained.

Types of Housing
A housing stock that consists of varied housing types, from single-family homes on large lots to townhomes to apartments, provide households of all income le vels, ages, and sizes the opportunity to find housing suited to their needs. Table H-2 summarizes the housing mix in 2010, 2015, and 2021.

As shown in Table H-2 , the majority of housing units in Arcadia (70 percent in 2021) are single-family homes, while multifamily housing comprises 30 percent of the housing stock. Since 2010, the City’s housing stock added has grown in all categories of housing stock except in the mobile homes categories. Multifamily housing has seen the largest increase from 2010 to 2021 (7 percent). According to the State Department of Finance, the City’s housing stock grew by three percent between 2010 and 2021.

Arcadia General Plan – December 2013 Housing Element | i Table H-2: Housing Unit Types
Housing Type
2010 2015 2021
2010-
2021
%
Change
in Units # of
Units
% of
Total
# of
Units
% of
Total
# of
Units
% of
Total
Single-Family Detached 12,641 61.11% 12,697 61% 12,799 60% 1% Single-Family Attached 2,124 10.27% 2,124 10% 2,124 10% 0% Total Single-Family 14,765 71.38% 14,821 71% 14,923 70% 1% Multifamily 2-4 Units 1,097 5.30% 1,171 6% 1,359 6% 19% Multifamily 5+ Units 4,824 23.32% 4,821 23% 5,007 24% 4% Total Multifamily 5,921 28.62% 5,992 29% 6,366 30% 7%
Mobile Homes, Trailer &
Other 0 0.00% 0 0% 0 0% 0%
Total All 20,686 100% 20,813 100% 21,289 100% 3%
Source: California Department of Finance, 2010, 2015, 2021.

Tenure and Vacancy
Tenure refers to the occupancy of a housing unit — whether the unit is owner occupied or renter occupied.

Tenure preferences are primarily related to household income, composition, and age of the householder.

The tenure distribution (owner versus renter) of a comm unity’s housing stock influences several aspects of the local housing market. Residential mobility is influenced by tenure, with ownership housing evidencing a much lower turnover rate than rental housing. According to the 2019, 5-Year American Community Survey, about 40.5 percent of Arcadia households were renters and 59.5 percent owned their homes.

Housing vacancy rates – the number of vacant units compared to the total number of units – reveal the housing supply and demand for a city. Some amount of housing vacancy is normal to allow for people moving from one place to another. In 2019, the US Census American Community Survey reported aa 4.0 percent vacancy rate for rental units in Arcadia of 4.0 percent and a 1.5 percent vacancy rate for owner- occupied units in Arcadia as shown in Table H-3. The City had an overall vacancy rate of 8.7 percent in 2019.

Lower vacancy rates increase competition for housing and may result in higher housing costs that can potentially reduce housing opportunities for lower income households. According to the California Department of Finance, the overall vacancy rate of Arcadia in January 2021 was 6.3 percent. 1 This rate is similar to the County’s vacancy rate of 6.4 percent in 2021. The 2021 vacancy rates for surrounding cities were projected as follows: Pasadena at 7.9 percent, Monrovia at 5.8 percent, and El Monte at 4.2 percent.

While the City of Arcadia’s vacancy rate is slightly higher than the communities of Monrovia and El Monte, Arcadia’s vacancy rate is similar to the County’s vacancy rate of 6.4 percent in 2021.

Table H-3: Occupied Housing Units in 2019
Occupancy Estimate Percent
Total housing units 21,386 100%
Occupied housing units 19,520 91.30%
Vacant housing units 1,866 8.70%
Homeowner vacancy rate - 1.50%
Rental vacancy rate - 4%

1 https://www.dof.ca.gov/Forecasting/Demographics/Estimates/e-5/

Median Home Prices
In 2019, the median price of all homes sold in Arca dia was $1,097,600 (Table H-4). This was 88.2 percent higher than the median home value in the County of Los Angeles in the same year ($583,200). Pasadena comes the closest to Arcadia’s median home value at $785,700. Overall, the median home price in Los Angeles County and surrounding areas are much lower than in Arcadia (See Table H-4).

Table H-4: Median Home Values
County/City/Area 2019 Median Home Value % Difference from County Arcadia $1,097,600 88.20%
El Monte $454,900 -22.00%
Monrovia $663,400 13.75%
Pasadena $785,700 34.72%
Los Angeles County $583,200 0%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimate, 2019.

Overpayment for Housing
State and federal standards specify that households spending more than 30 percent of gross annual income on housing experience a housing cost burden (also kn own as housing overpayment). Housing cost burdens occur when housing costs increase faster than hous ehold income. When a household spends more than 30 percent of its income on housing costs, it has less disposable income for other necessities, including health care, food, and clothing. As can be intuited, the cost burden decreases as overall income increases.

In Arcadia, 28 percent of renter and 28 percent of o wner households experience housing cost burden (as reported by the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development).

Table H-5: Overpayment for Housing
Income by
Cost
Burden*
Owner Renter Total
Cost
Burden
> 30%
% of
Owner
HH
Cost
Burden
> 50%
% of
Owner
HH
Cost
Burden >
30%
% of
Renter
HH
Cost
Burden
> 50%
% of
Renter
HH

Household
Income is
less-than
or = 30%
725 20.28% 575 29.04% 1,120 31.46% 1,100 56.12% 3,520
Household
Income
>30% to
less-than
or = 50%
HAMFI
605 16.92% 455 22.98% 1,095 30.76% 655 33.42% 2,810
Arcadia General Plan – December 2013 Housing Element | i Household
Income
>50% to
less-than
or = 80%
HAMFI
605 16.92% 470 23.74% 775 21.77% 170 8.67% 2,020
Household
Income
>80% to
less-than
or = 100%
HAMFI
220 6.15% 135 6.82% 175 4.92% 35 1.79% 565
Household
Income
>100%
HAMFI
1,420 39.72% 345 17.42% 395 11.10% 0 0 2,160
Total 3,575 - 1,980 - 3,560 - 1,960 - 11,075
Source: Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) 2013-2017.
* Cost burden is the ratio of housing costs to household income. For renters, housing cost is gross rent (contract rent plus utilities). For owners, housing cost is "select monthly owner costs", which includes mortgage payment, utilities, association fees, insurance, and real estate taxes.

Note: HAMFI = HUD Area Median Family Income, this is the median family income calculated by HUD for each jurisdiction, to determine Fair Market Rents (FMRs) and income limits for HUD programs. HAMFI will not necessarily be the same as other calculations of median incomes (such as a simple Census number), due to a series of adjustments that are made.

Overall Housing Needs
Several factors influence the degree of demand, or "need," for housing in Arcadia. The four major need categories considered in this element are:

ƒ Housing needs resulting from population growth, both in the City and the surrounding region ƒ Housing needs resulting from the overcrowding of units ƒ Housing needs that result when households pay more than they can afford for housing ƒ Housing needs of "special needs groups" such as elderly, large families, female-headed households, households with a disabled person, farm workers, and the homeless

Comprehensive Housing Affordability (CHAS) data developed by the Census for HUD (year 2013-2017, the most up-to-date information available) in addition to the 5-year American Community Census from 2019 provides detailed information on housing needs by income level for different types of households in Arcadia. The CHAS defines housing problems to include:

ƒ Units with physical defects (lacking complete kitchen or bathroom) ƒ Overcrowded conditions (housing units with more than one person per room) ƒ Housing cost burden, including utilities, exceeding 30 percent of gross income ƒ Severe housing cost burden, including utilities, exceeding 50 percent of gross income

Table H-6: Summary of Housing Needs
Households Number or %
Total Households With Housing Cost Burden 11,075
Renter-Households with Housing Cost Burden 5,520
Owner-Households with Housing Cost Burden 5,555
Total Lower Income Households 8,350
% Extremely Low Income Households with Cost Burden 31.7% % Very Low Income Households with Cost Burden 25.4%
% Low Income Households with Cost Burden 18.2%
Total Overcrowded Households 735
Overcrowded Renter-Households 72.8%
Overcrowded Owner-Households 27.2%
Arcadia General Plan – December 2013 Housing Element | i Table H-6: Summary of Housing Needs
Special Needs Groups Persons per Households
Elderly Persons 7,202
Seniors Living Alone 1,694
Disabled Persons 10,062
Large Households 2,179
Female Headed Households 3,246
Farmworkers 0
Homeless 106
Affordable Units At-Risk of Conversion 0

In general, renter households had a higher level of overcrowding problems (72.8 percent) compared to owner households (27.2 percent). However, homeown ers were more affected by cost burden. Among the 7,202 households that had one or more seniors in the City, 1,694 lived alone. Large households constituted about 2,179 of all households in 2019, making up about 11.2 percent of households in the City.

Projected Housing Needs per the RHNA
The Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) is part of the State’s housing element law that determines the projected and existing housing needs for each ju risdiction in the State. State Housing Element law requires that a local jurisdiction accommodate their share of the region’s projected housing needs for the planning period. The Southern Ca lifornia Association of Governments (SCAG) is the regional planning agency responsible for allocating housing units to each jurisdiction. State law mandates that jurisdictions provide sufficient land to accommodate a variety of housing opportunities for all economic segments of the community.

The RHNA is distributed by income category. For the 2021-2029 Housing Element update, the City of Arcadia is allocated a RHNA of 3,214 units as follows:

The City must ensure the
availability of residential
sites at adequate densities
and appropriate
development standards to
accommodate these units.

The RHNA for the 2021-2029
Housing Element cycle in the
SCAG region used January 1,
2022 as the baseline for
projecting housing needs.

The 2020 Annual Progress Report reported that the City issued permits for a total of 402 units from 2017 to 2020. This included new housing units as well as housing units which replaced older units that were demolished. This included 38 non-deed restricted units affordable to moderate income households and 364 units affordable to above moderate income households.

Table H-7: RHNA (2021-2029)
Income Group % of County
MFI
Total Housing
Units Allocated
Percentage of
Units
Very Low/Extremely Low 0-50% 1,102 34.3%
Low 51-80% 570 17.7%
Moderate 81-120% 605 18.8%
Above Moderate 120% + 937 29.15%
Total 3,214 100.0%
Note: MFI=Median Family Income
Source: Southern California Association of Governments, 2020.

The Housing Element Update provides opportunitie s for future residential development through the following land use strategies:

ƒ Expansion of the Downtown Mixed - Use designation and implementation of DMU Overlay that allows a residential density of 64 to 80 units per acre, along with commercial development at an FAR of 1.0, to capitalize on the planned Gold Line station in Downtown Arcadia. ƒ Increasing density in the Mixed - Use Upzone zoning classification along Live Oak and First Avenue from 40 to 50 units per acre.
ƒ Implementing a Residential Flex Overlay on commercial properties along Live Oak AvenueLas Tunas Drive to allow for residential development of up to 50 48 to 60 units per acre. ƒ Implementing a Residential Flex Overlay on properties in the Commercial-General commercial properties along Live Oak Avenue to allow for residential development of up to 40 to 50 units per acre. zoning classification to allow for residential development at a density of up to 30 units per acre.
ƒ Implement a Residential Flex Overlay on properties on Commercial- Manufacturing General properties in the downtown area to allow for residential development at a density of up to 80 24 to 30 units per acre. This strategy is part of the expansion to the Downtown Mixed Use area. ƒ Increasing the maximum density in the High Density Residential categoryR-3 Upzone (R-3 zone) from 40 32 to 40 unitsunits per acre. This strategy enhances the feasibility of multifamily development..
ƒ Developing a specific plan for the Arcadia Golf Course Site, identified as an area to accommodate units across many income categories. A total of 192 units are proposed for low, moderate, and above moderate incomes.

Appendix A in the Housing Element Technical Background report (under separate cover) contains a detailed listing of the vacant and underutilized parcels included in the sites inventory, maps identifying the vacant and underutilized parcels.

Arcadia General Plan – December 2013 Housing Element | i Involving the Community in Planning
The City of Arcadia encourages and values community input. As part of the Housing Element update, the City undertook a broad-reaching public participation program. Outreach efforts that directly influenced the goals and policies in this Housing Element are described below.

Public Workshops
Throughout the Housing Element update, the City posted informational videos and conducted a community workshop and an online survey to obtain input from residents, stakeholders, and elected and appointed officials. Due to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) public he alth emergency and for the safety of the public and staff, outreach for the Housing Element Update was conducted virtually.

Community Workshops
In June 2021, the City developed a virtual informational video and presentation to provide the public with a better understanding of the RHNA process and provide information on future opportunities on community presentation. The informational video was posted on the Housing Element Update website and in the City’s Spring and Summer newsletter.

On September 23, 2021, the City hosted a live virtual workshop to gather public input on the vision for Arcadia’s housing growth and the City’s draft strategies to identify adequate sites.

Community Survey
From June 14, 2021 to August 6, 2021 the City of Arcadia launched an online community survey to give community members and stakeholders an additional opportunity to engage and provide input on the Housing Element Update. The Survey asked the community to:
• Rate program and policy opportunities,
• Identify challenges/opportunities to and for housing in Arcadia, • Free response to open-ended questions,
• Use geographic locators/indicators on a map,
• Participate in prioritization exercises, and
• Send comments or questions to the Housing Element team The community survey asked participants to consider potential policies and programs to include in the housing element. The online community survey received 616 English responses and 143 Chinese responses.

For detailed responses please see Appendix B to the Technical Background Report, the Community Engagement Summary.

Addressing Public Comments
The City released the draft Housing Element from September 30, 2021 to November 1, 2021 for public review to give community members and stakeholders an opportunity to provide input on the Housing Element. Public comments were collectedsolicited on various platforms, however no comments were received during the public review period.

The comments and actions taken to address comments submitted through the survey, community workshop, and the public review draft are summarized in the table below.

Table H-8: Public Comments
Comment Themes Housing Element Response
Online Survey Theme
Shortage of senior housing and
affordable housing for low
income
ƒ Programs 5.11 and 5.22 in Chapter 10:

Implementation Plan identify objectives and
incentives that could be implemented to increase
the development of senior and affordable
housing.

Online Survey Theme
Concentrate high density
development in areas
proximate to transit
ƒ Parcels in Arcadia’s downtown were identified as
a rezone strategy for high density development.

Arcadia’s downtown is adjacent to the Metro Gold
Line.
ƒ Parcels along Live Oak Avenue, another transit
corridor was also identified for higher density
development.

Online Survey Theme
Leave established single-family
neighborhoods and maintain
Arcadia’s neighborhood
integrity
ƒ The strategies identified concentrate a majority of
development on properties suitable for high
density such as existing mixed-use areas,
underutilized commercial properties, and areas
identified as high-density residential in the City’
s
General Plan. It is anticipated that Accessory
Dwelling Unit (ADU) growth will
occur in the less
dense areas such as single-family residential
areas.

Goals, Policies, and Programs
The Housing Element identifies goals, policies, and implementation programs addressing housing opportunities, removal of governmental constraints, improving the condition of existing housing and providing equal housing opportunities for all Arcadia residents. These goals, policies and program actions further the City’s overall policy goal to inspire a mo re diverse, sustainable, and balanced community by implementing strategies and programs that cont ribute to economic and socially diverse housing opportunity that preserves and enhances Arcadia’s character.

Arcadia is a built-out suburban community and the si ngle-family and multifamily residential neighborhoods have given the City its identity as a “Community of Homes.” In 2019, the City adopted its first Historic Preservation Ordinance to recognize, preserve, and protect historic resources in the City. While the City continues to protect and preserve the character and quality of its neighborhoods, the City encourages the rehabilitation, and development of diverse housing that meets the people’s needs in all stages of their lives.

Under this Housing Element Update, the City will focus on strategies to encourage higher density development and lot consolidation to supply the necessary sites. The City will embrace smart growth principles by expanding areas for high-density de velopment in Downtown Arcadia and along Live Oak Corridor. Additionally, the City will implement Residential Flex Overlays to allow for more residential opportunities in areas with supportive uses.

Arcadia General Plan – December 2013 Housing Element | i The Housing Goals and Policies identified builds upon an d revises the goals, policies, and programs of the existing Housing Element to ensure that the City can meet the housing needs of all residents through 2029, when the plan is scheduled to be updated again.

Existing Housing Stock
The City of Arcadia is generally built-out with mature neighborhoods with home prices that experience gains over time. Many homes are being purchased as in vestment properties and left vacant. In addition, some homes in Arcadia are vacant for a portion of th e year because the property owners have businesses, families, or other obligations overseas and the local home is not used as a primary residence. As the existing housing stock in Arcadia is in good conditio n and provides housing opportunities for households of all sizes, composition, and income ranges, one key focus will be on conserving the existing housing stock. In addition, preserving the quality and integrity of the residential neighborhoods is an important component.

Goal H-1: Preservation, conservation, and enhancement of existing housing stock and residential neighborhoods within Arcadia

Housing Policy H-1.1: Monitor and enforce building and property maintenance codes in residential neighborhoods, including those with vacant housing units, to prevent the physical deterioration of existing sound housing within the City.

Housing Policy H-1.2: Provide code enforcement services designed to maintain the quality of the housing stock and the neighborhoods.

Housing Policy H-1.3: Work with property owners and nonprof it housing providers to preserve existing housing for low and moderate income households.

Housing Policy H-1.4: Support preservation and maintenance of historically and architecturally significant buildings and neighborhoods.

Housing Policy H-1.5: Preserve unique environmental aspects of the community, including hillsides, canyons, and other environmental amenities, by allowing only minimal disruption.

Housing Policy H-1.6: Encourage assisted housing units of all types, and expand affordable housing opportunities for extremely low, very low, low, and moderate income households.

Housing Policy H-1.7: Support the role of local Homeowner’s Associations to maintain and improve the quality of the housing stock in existing neighborhoods.

Housing Policy H-1.8: Maintain residential integrity of neighborhoods.

Adequate Sites for Housing

Providing an adequate supply and diversity of housing accommodates changing housing needs of residents.

To provide adequate housing and maximize the use of limited land resources, new development should be constructed at appropriate densities that maximize the intended use of the land. Given the City’s built-out character, few vacant properties remain, however underutilized lots in residential and commercial areas can be used to help accommodate housing sites. The detailed sites inventory includes the underutilized and mixed-use sites that can accommodate the RHNA for all income categories within the planning period.

Goal H-2: Provide suitable sites for housing development to accommodate a range of housing for residential use that meet the City’s RHNA growth needs for all income levels.

Housing Policy H-2.1: Provide for a range of residential densities and products, including low density single family-uses, moderate-density townhomes, higher-density townhomes, higher-density apartments/condominiums, and units in mixed-use developments.

Housing Policy H-2.2: Encourage development of residential uses in strategic proximity to employment, recreational facilities, schools, neighborhood commercial areas, and transportation routes.

Housing Policy H-2.3: Encourage compatible residential development in areas on underutilized land.

Housing Policy H-2.4: Maintain development standards, regulations, and design features that are flexible to provide a variety of housing types and facilitate housing that is appropriate for the neighborhoods in which they are located.

Housing Policy H-2.5: Promote mixed-use developments in Downtown Arcadia, along First Avenue, and Live Oak/Las Tunas Avenue.

Housing Policy H-2.6: Require that the density or intensity, as well as design of new developments, be compatible with adjacent neighborhoods.

Housing Policy H-2.7: Encourage mixed-use development on commercial properties consistent with existing residential development standards to revitalize underutilized communities while maintaining Arcadia’s neighborhood integrity.

Addressing All Economic Segments of the
Community
Providing affordable housing is essential for a healthy and balanced community. In addition to a diverse mix of housing types, it is necessary to make housing available for residents of all income levels to accommodate residents at different stages of life, including but not limited to young adults, young families, families with growing household sizes, and seniors. Decent and affordable housing is needed for all segments of Arcadia’s population. funding opportuniti es from varied sources increases the potential for developing affordable housing units. The City will cont inue to work with both non-profit and for-profit developers in the production of affordable for-sale and rental housing.

Arcadia General Plan – December 2013 Housing Element | i Goal H-3: A range of housing choices for all social and economic segments of the community, including housing for persons with special needs.

Housing Policy H-3.1: Promote the use of State density bonu s provisions to encourage affordable housing for lower, moderate income households and senior housing.

Housing Policy H-3.2: Facilitate homeownership opportunities for lower- and moderate income households.

Housing Policy H-3.3: Work with non-profit and for-profit de velopers to maximize resources available for the construction of housing affordable
Housing Policy H-3.4: Address special needs populations and extremely low income households through a range of housing opportunities, including emergency shelters, transitional housing, and supportive housing.

Housing Policy H-3.5: Promote energy conservation in the design of residential development to conserve natural resources and lower energy costs.

Housing Policy H-3.6: Monitor City’s ordinances, codes, polic ies, and procedures to support fair and equitable housing opportunity.

Minimizing Constraints to Housing
Development
Market factors and government-imposed regulations can impact the producti on and affo rdability of housing. The City must address, and where legally possible, remove governmental constraints affecting the maintenance, improvement, and supply of housing. Although certain market conditions are beyond the control of a City, efforts can be directed to determine the reasonableness of land use controls, development standards, permit-processing, fees and exactions, and governmental requirements influencing housing production. Removal or reduction of housing co nstraints can have a positive influence of housing supply.

Goal H-4: Mitigated governmental and non-governmental constraints to housing production and affordability.

Housing Policy H-4.1: Review and modify as appropriate development standards, regulations, and processing procedures that may constr ain housing development, particularly housing for lower- and moderate inco me households and for persons with special needs.

Housing Policy H-4.2: Offer regulatory incentives and concessions for affordable housing.

Housing Policy H-4.3: Provide for streamlined, timely, and coordinated processing of residential projects.

Housing Policy H-4.4: Support infill development at appropriate locations in the City.

Promoting Fair Housing
Arcadia supports fair and equal housing opportunities for all and affirmatively furthers fair housing through its policies and programs. Through mediating disputes, investigation of bona fide complaints of discrimination, or through the provision of education s ervices, fair housing services work toward fair and equitable access to housing.

Goal H-5: Equitable and fair housing opportunity in the City’s housing market.

Housing Policy H-5.1: Partner with Housing Rights Center to provide fair housing services to Arcadia residents and ensure that residents are aware of their rights and responsibilities regarding fair housing.

Housing Policy H-5.2: Encourage and support the construction, maintenance and preservation of residential developments which will meet the needs of families and individuals with specialized housing requirements.

Housing Policy H-5.3: Encourage and support the construction, maintenance, and preservation of residential developments to meet the needs of the developmentally disabled.

Housing Policy H-5.4: Take meaningful actions to overcome patterns of segregation, foster inclusive communities, and support fair housing.

Introduction .................................................................................................................. ............................... 1 Achieving Our Vision .......................................................................................................... .......................... 2 Planning Framework for Housing ................................................................................................ ................. 4 Involving the Community in Planning ........................................................................................... ...............13 Goals, Policies, and Programs ................................................................................................. .....................14

Table H-1: Age of Housing Stock ............................................................................................... .................... 6 Table H-2: Housing Unit Types ................................................................................................. .................... 7 Table H-3: Occupied Housing Units in 2019 .................................................................................................. 7 Table H-4: Median Home Values ................................................................................................. ................. 8 Table H-5: Overpayment for Housing ............................................................................................ ............... 8 Table H-6: Summary of Housing Needs ........................................................................................... ............10 Table H-7: RHNA (2021-2029).....................................................................................................................11

Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-1 Chapter 10:

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
Arcadia General Plan

10 x

5. Housing Element
The goals and policies outlined in the Housing Element address Arcadia’s identified housing needs and are implemented through a series of housing programs offered primarily through the Development Services Department. Housing programs define the specific actions the City will undertake to achieve the stated goals and policies. The housing programs for addressing community housing needs cover the following five issues:

ƒ Housing Conservation
ƒ Housing Production
ƒ Provision of Affordable Housing
ƒ Mitigation of Governmental Constraints
ƒ Promotion of Equal Housing Opportunity

The housing programs presented below include existing programs in Arcadia as well as revised and new programs that have been added to address new State law and the City’s unmet housing needs. 5-1. Home Rehabilitation
The City has established a housing grant program intended to support housing rehabilitation for low- income homeowners. This program offers low-income homeowners grants of up to $20,000 to make necessary improvements such as enhancing electrical, plumbing, roofing, and accessibility to low- income groups that may not have the means to fund these improvements themselves.

Forty-eight homeowners received the grant from 2017-2020. The City recognizes housing is essential for healthy living, and that home rehabilitation assistance can help increase access to healthy homes and support the ability for residents to age in place in appropriate living situations. Grants will continue to be incorporated during the 6
th Cycle. Additionally, in 2013, the City added condominiums to the list of properties eligible for this funding, greatly expanding the scope and reach of the program.

Condominiums are afforded grants up to $15,000.

Objectives:
ƒ Continue to provide loans to qualified low- and moderate-income homeowners. ƒ Encourage homeowners to include energy efficiency improvements as part of the rehabilitation projects.
ƒ Utilize social media and City newsletters to Dd isseminate information to homeowners regarding rehabilitation standards and the Home Improvement Program on a quarterly basis.. 10-2 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT ƒ Improve up to 14 housing units annually.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department, Economic Development Funding Source: Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) Time Frame: Engage in outreach on a quarterly basis that will begin after the Housing Element Adoption; Ongoing provision of assistance; annual allocation of funding
Related Policies: H-1.1; H-1.2; H-1.3; H-1.4; H-1.5
Sustainability Focus? Yes
5-2. Code Enforcement
Arcadia is known for beautiful neighborhoods and high property values. To help maintain this excellent reputation, the City has adopted a number of regulations aimed at property maintenance in a manner that is helpful to homeowners and property owners. The Code Services Division enforces these laws to address code compliance issues.

Objectives:
ƒ Continue code enforcement activities and connect households in need with City rehabilitation programs.
ƒ Provide proactive code enforcement of vacant properties by conducting outreaching to the surrounding community to provide information on how to report property maintenance concerns and working to contact property owners and resolve code violations.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Begin outreach within 8 months of Housing Element adoption; Conduct outreach on an ongoing quarterly basis
Related Policies: H-1.1; H-1.2
Sustainability Focus? No
5-3. Residential Design Guidelines
State Housing law includes various exemptions for proj ects with an affordable housing component that limit a City’s ability to apply discretionary design review requirements for certain residential projects.

State Housing law requires objective design standards be available for housing projects where the City’s discretion over design review is otherwise preempted per State law. Funded by a recent State housing grant, the City is currently working on objective development standards for multi-family development.

These standards will replace design guidelines and the design review process for qualifying multi-family projects and all affordable housing projects. These projects will be approved ministerially without a discretionary design review process. It is anticipated that the objective development standards will be taken to the City Council and in place in the first half of 2022.

TAs stated above, the City of Arcadia will review existing entitlement processes for housing development and will eliminate discretionary review for all housing development proposals that include a minimum affordable housing component. The Ci ty will review current development standards to ensure reasonable accommodation of a variety of ho using types and densities. The City will amend existing development standards, as appropriate, to address subjective stan dards as applicable to projects with a minimum affordable housing component.

Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-3

Objective:
ƒ Disseminate information to property owners regarding the Residential Design Guidelines. ƒ Continue to apply design guidelines through plan-check and review process. ƒ Review and update objective design standards for compliance with State Law

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Adopt standards within 12 months of the 6 th Cycle Housing Element
Related Policies: H-4.1, H4.2, H-4.3, H-4.4
Sustainability Focus? Yes
5-4. Preservation of At-Risk Units
TheThe City will continue to monitor the publicly assisted and deed-restricted units as well as work with developers to maintain existing affordable housing stock in the City.

Objectives:
ƒ Pursuant to Government Code 65863.10-.13, the City will notify owners of affordable properties of the State Preservation Notice Law that requires rental housing with expiring subsidies to be offered for sale first to qualified preservation purchasers at market value. ƒ Annually monitor the status of at-risk units annually by maintaining contact with the property owner and HUD Multifamily Housing division.
ƒ Ensure that adequate noticing is provided to the tenants if the Section 8 contract is not renewed. ƒ Encourage County of Los Angeles Housing Authority to pursue special Section 8 vouchers from HUD, which are reserved for very low-income households displaced by the expiration of project-based Section 8 assistance.
ƒ Work with the property owner to secure additional funding to replace the Section 8 funding if necessary.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) Time Frame: Ongoing ;, Aannually monitor status of at-risk units ; immediately notify property owners with expiring subsidies
Related Policies: H-5.1, H-5.2
Sustainability Focus? Yes

5-5. Preservation of Middle-Income Housing
through New Housing AuthoritiesProviders
The City Council adopted resolutions to join two newly formed Housing AuthoritiesProviders, the California Community Housing Agency (CalCHA) and the California Statewide Communities Development Authority Community Improvement Authority (CSCDA-CIA) in June 2021 . Both Authorities Providers focus on creating middle-income multifamily housing through the issuance of tax-exempt bonds to acquire existing apartment buildings. Following acquisition, the Authority Providers receives a property tax exemption over the life of the bonds. The acqui red units are then converted to rent restricted 10-4 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT housing for middle-income households earning no greater than 120% of the Area Median Income (AMI) with rent capped at no greater than 35% AMI. Prior to acquiring any properties in Arcadia, CalCHA and CSCDA-CIA would be required to submit their proposed acquisition to the City and receive City approval of the transaction.

Objectives:
ƒ Support the issuance of tax-exempt bonds to create or preserve middle-income rental housing

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department, Economic Development Division Funding Source: Housing Authority Bonds with City approval to forgo property taxes Time Frame: MOU with Middle-Income Housing Providers Entered, Annual Review Related Policies: H-1.3, H-1.6, H-1D
Sustainability Focus? Yes
5-6. Residential Sites Inventory
The City will monitor and evaluate the development of vacant and underdeveloped parcels on an annual basis and report the success of strategies to encour age residential development in its Annual Progress Reports required pursuant to Gov ernment Code 65400. The City of Arcadi a will respond to market conditions and will revise or add additional sites where appropriate or add additional incentives, if identified strategies are not successful in generati ng development interest. The City will include the report in its annual General Plan Status Report including Housing Element Report to OPR and HCD by April 1st each year.

Objectives:
ƒ Update the inventory of vacant and underutilized sites annually to ensure adequate sites are available to accommodate the remaining RHNA.
ƒ Provide sites inventory to interested developers.
ƒ Monitor the development trends in the City annually, particularly on the sites identified in this Housing Element to ensure that the City has adequate remaining capacity for meeting the RHNA.

Identify additional sites to replenish the sites inventory if necessary.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department, Planning Services Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Ongoing monitoring; Update annually
Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.2, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.5, H-2.6 Sustainability Focus? Yes
5-78. Expansion of the Downtown Mixed- Use
Area to Permit Residential Uses
To create increased opportunities for the development of new housing within Arcadia, the City will expand the existing Downtown Mixed-Use zone, and provide a Residential-Flex Downtown Overlay over Commercial Manufacturing properties, in the Downtown Area. The City of Arcadia will rezone to allow developments by right pursuant to Government Code section 65583.2(i) when 20 percent or more of the units are affordable to lower income households on sites identified as part of the Downtown Mixed- Use Expansion Focus Area. The sites identifiedSites within the surrounding area of the existing zoning designation, totalsing approximately 39 acres52 acres, have be en included within the sites inventory.

Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-5 These sites are assumed to yield 2,5501,214 units, 540 305 of which are assumed to develop affordably, at a minimumn average density of 64 du/ac. While three of the identified sites have potential unit yields less than 16 units, these sites are a part of the Small Sites Strategy and through the Inclusionary Housing Program, Lot Consolidation Incentives Program, and other affordable housing incentives, these sites are projected to net units affordable to low and very low income households.

Implementation of this program will also provide for development standards and entitlement procedures to encourage the development housing for persons of Very Low and Low incomes. In developing the Overlay, or similar rezonerezone strategy, the City will evaluate the potential to include a variety of incentive tools as appropriate, including but not limited to floor area bonus, density bonus, entitlement streamlining, fee waivers or reductions and other considerations.

Objectives:
ƒ Rezone commercial properties identified in the Sites Inventory or apply an overlay to properties within Downtown Arcadia to accommodate high residential density development ƒ Inform developers of and encourage the development of housing on these sites ƒ Annually monitor the trend of redevelopment on these sites to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy for facilitating the reuse of underutilized sites. As necessary, revise the City’s strategy to encourage development on underutilized properties.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Within 36 months of adoption of the 6
th Cycle Housing Element
Related Policies: H-2.2, H-2.3, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No
5-8. Establish an Overlay in the Downtown
Mixed-Use Area to Permit Residential Uses
To create increased opportunities for the development of new housing within Arcadia, the City will expand theimplement an overlay on C-M parcels adjacent to the existing existing Downtown Mixed-Use zone, in the Downtown Area. The City of Arcadia will rezone to allow developments by right pursuant to Government Code section 65583.2(i) when 20 percent or more of the units are affordable to lower income households on sites identified as part of the Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion Overlay Focus Area. The sites identified within the surrounding area of the existing zoning designation, totals approximately 18 acres39 . These sites are assumed to yield 1,214266 units, 305 69 of which are assumed to develop affordably, at a minimum density of 64 du/ac. While three 59 of the identified sites have potential unit yields less than 16 units, these sites are a part of the Small Sites Strategy and through the Inclusionary Housing Program, Lot Consol idation Incentives Program, and other affordable housing incentives, these sites are projected to ne t units affordable to low and very low income households.

Implementation of this program will also provide for development standards and entitlement procedures to encourage the development housing for persons of Very Low and Low incomes. In developing rezone strategy, the City will evaluate the potential to include a variety of incentive tools as appropriate, including but not limited to floor area bonus, density bonus, entitlement streamlining, fee waivers or reductions and other considerations.
10-6 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT

Objectives:
ƒ Rezone commercial properties or applyImplement an overlay to properties identified in the Sites Inventory within Downtown Arcadia to accommodate high residential density development ƒ Inform developers of and encourage the development of housing on these sites ƒ Annually monitor the trend of redevelopment on these sites to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy for facilitating the reuse of underutilized sites. As necessary, revise the City’s strategy to encourage development on underutilized properties.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Within 36 months of adoption of the 6
th Cycle Housing Element
Related Policies: H-2.2, H-2.3, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No

5-98X: Increase Residential Density of the
Mixed-Use Zone
To create increased opportunities for the development of new housing within Arcadia, the City will increase the density of the existing Mixed-Use Zone. The City of Arcadia will increase the maximum density of the Mixed-Use Zone to 50 du/acre. The City of Arcadia will rezone to allow developments by right pursuant to Government Code section 65583.2(i) when 20 percent or more of the units are affordable to lower income households on sites identified as part of the Mixed-Use Upzone Focus Area.

The sites identified as part of this Focus Area totals approximately 36 acres. These sites are assumed to yield 477 units, 124 of which are assumed to develop affordably at a minimum density of 40 du/acre.

While 85 of the identified sites have potential unit yields less than 16 units, these sites are a part of the Small Sites Strategy and through the Inclusionary Housing Program, Lot Consolidation Incentives Program, and other affordable housing incentives, th ese sites are projected to net units affordable to low and very low income households. This zone allows for 100 percent residential projects by right.

Implementation of this program will also provide for development standards and entitlement procedures to encourage the development housing for persons of Very Low and Low incomes. In developing rezone strategy, the City will evaluate the potential to include a variety of incentive tools as appropriate, including but not limited to floor area bonus, density bonus, entitlement streamlining, fee waivers or reductions and other considerations.

Objectives:
ƒ Increase density of the existing Mixed-Use zone identified in the Sites Inventory to accommodate higher density residential development.
ƒ Inform developers of and encourage the development of housing on these sites ƒ Annually monitor the trend of redevelopment on these sites to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy for facilitating the reuse of underutilized sites. As necessary, revise the City’s strategy to encourage development on underutilized properties.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-7 Time Frame: Within 36 months of adoption of the 6 th Cycle Housing Element Related Policies: H-2.2, H-2.3, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No
5-1099. Expand and Update the Residential
Flex Mixed Use Overlay in the Las Tunas and
Live Oak Corridor
To create increased opportunities for the development of new housing within Arcadia, the City will expand the existing Mixed Use Residential Flex Overlay to sites in the Live Oakalong the Las Tunas corridor west of Santa Anita Ave and increase the maximum density to 60 du/acrepermitted density to 30 or 50 du/ac depending on specific site location . On corridor parcels east of Santa Anita Avenue, the City will increase permitted density to a max of 50 du/ac. On corridor parcels west of Santa Anita Avenue, the City will increase permitted density to a max of 30 du/ac. The City of Arcadia will rezone to allow developments by right pursuant to Government Code section 65583.2(i) when 20 percent or more of the units are affordable to lower income households on sites identified as part of the Las Tunas Residential Flex Overlay Focus Area. The sites identified as part of this Focus Area totals approximately 16 acres. These sites are assumed to yield 609 units, 155 of which are assumed to develop affordably at a minimum density of 48 du/acre. While 15 of the identified sites have potential unit yields less than 16 units, these sites are a part of the Small Sites Strategy and through the Inclusionary Housing Program, Lot Consolidation Incentives Program, and other affordable housing incentives, these sites are projected to net units affordable to low and very low income households. Sites within the corridor, totaling 27 acres, have been included within the sites inventory. These sites are assumed to yield 1,184 units, 148 of which are assumed to develop affordably.

Implementation of this program will also provide for development standards, entitlement procedures to encourage the development of housing for persons of Very Low and Low incomes. In developing the Overlay, or similar rezone strategy, the City will evaluate the potential to include a variety of incentive tools as appropriate, including but not limited to floor area bonus, density bonus, entitlement streamlining, fee waivers or reductions and other considerations.

Objectives:
ƒ Increase density of the Las Tunas Residential Flex Overlay on properties identified in the Sites InventoryExpand the R-F Overlay to other commercially zoned properties along the Live-Oak corridor to accommodate higher density residential, mixed-use development ƒ Inform developers of the Overlay and encourage the development of housing on these sites ƒ Annually monitor the trend of redevelopment on these sites to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy for facilitating the reuse of underutilized sites. As necessary, revise the City’s strategy to encourage development on underutilized properties.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Within 36 months of adoption of the 6
th Cycle Housing Element
Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No

10-8 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT 5-11. Expand and Update the Residential Flex
Overlay in the Live Oak Corridor
To create increased opportunities for the development of new housing within Arcadia, the City will expand the existing Mixed Use Residential Flex Over lay to sites along the Las Tunas corridor west of Santa Anita Ave and increase the maximum density to 50 du/acre. The City of Arcadia will rezone to allow developments by right pursuant to Government Code section 65583.2(i) when 20 percent or more of the units are affordable to lower income households on sites identified as part of the Live Oak Residential Flex Overlay Focus Area. The sites identified as part of this Focus Area totals approximately 11 acres. These sites are assumed to yield 185 units, 48 of which are assumed to develop affordably at a minimum density of 40 du/acre. While 20 of the identified sites have potential unit yields less than 16 units, these sites are a part of the Small Sites Strategy and through the Inclusionary Housing Program, Lot Consolidation Incentives Program, and other affordable housing incentives, these sites are projected to net units affordable to low and very low income households. With the implementation of this overlay, 100 percent residential projects would be allowed by right.

Implementation of this program will also provide for development standards, entitlement procedures to encourage the development of housing for persons of Very Low and Low incomes. In developing the Overlay, or similar rezone strategy, the City will evaluate the potential to include a variety of incentive tools as appropriate, including but not limited to floor area bonus, density bonus, entitlement streamlining, fee waivers or reductions and other considerations.

Objectives:
ƒ Implement a Live Oak Residential Flex Overlay to commercially zoned properties identified in the Sites Inventory to accommodate higher density residential development. ƒ Inform developers of the Overlay and encourage the development of housing on these sites ƒ Annually monitor the trend of redevelopment on these sites to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy for facilitating the reuse of underutilized sites. As necessary, revise the City’s strategy to encourage development on underutilized properties.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Within 36 months of adoption of the 6 th Cycle Housing Element Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No

5-1207. Establish an Overlay to Permit
Residential Uses in the Commercial General
Zone
To create increased opportunities for the developm ent of new housing within Arcadia, the City will establish an overlay to permit residential uses withing the Commercial General (C-G) Zone at a maximum density of 30 du/acre. The City of Arcadia will rezone to allow developments by right pursuant to Government Code section 65583.2(i) when 20 percent or more of the units are affordable to lower Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-9 income households on sites identified as part of the C-G Residential Flex Overlay Focus Area. Sites identified as part of this Focus Area totals approximately 84 acres. These sites are assumed to yield 992 units, 252 of which are assumed to develop affordably at a minimum density of 24 du/acre. While 20 of the identified sites have potential unit yields less than 16 units, through the Inclusionary Housing Program and other affordable housing incentives, these sites are projected to net units affordable to low and very low income households. with C-G zoning designation, totaling 84 acres, have been included within the sites inventory. These sites are assume d to yield 992 units, 198 of which are assumed to develop affordably for low and very low-income households, at an average density of 24 du/ac.

Implementation of this program will also provide for development standards and entitlement procedures to encourage the development housing for persons of Low and Very Low incomes. In developing the Overlay, or similar rezone strategy, the City will evaluate the potential to include a variety of incentive tools as appropriate, including but not limited to floor area bonus, density bonus, entitlement streamlining, fee waivers or reductions and other considerations.

Objectives:
ƒ Establish an overlay to allow residential development on Commercial-General zoned properties ƒ Inform developers of the Overlay and encourage the development of housing on these sites ƒ Annually monitor the trend of redevelopment on th ese sites to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy for facilitating the reuse of underutilized sites. As necessary, revise the City’s strategy to encourage development on underutilized properties.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: With 36 months of adoption of the 6
th Cycle Housing Element
Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.2, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No

5-131X. Increase Density of the R-3 Zone
To create increased opportunities for the developm ent of new housing within Arcadia, the City will increase the density of the existing high density residential, R-3 Zone. The City of Arcadia will increase the maximum density of the R-3 Zone to 40 du/acre. The City of Arcadia will rezone to allow developments by right pursuant to Government Code section 65583.2(i) when 20 percent or more of the units are affordable to lower income households on sites identified as part of the R-3 Upzone Focus Area. The sites identified as part of this Focus Area totals approximately 236 acres. These sites are assumed to yield 810 units, 213 of which are assumed to develop affordably at a minimum density of 32 du/acre. While 190 of the identified sites have potent ial unit yields less than 16 units, these sites are a part of the Small Sites Strategy and through th e Inclusionary Housing Program, Lot Consolidation Incentives Program, and other affordable housing incentives, these sites are projected to net units affordable to low and very low income households.

Implementation of this program will also provide for development standards and entitlement procedures to encourage the development of housin g for persons of Very Low and Low incomes. In developing this rezone strategy, the City will evaluate the potential to include a variety of incentive tools as appropriate, including but not limited to floor area bonus, density bonus, entitlement streamlining, fee waivers or reductions and other considerations.
10-10 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT

Objectives:
ƒ Increase density of the existing R-3 zone identified in the Sites Inventory to accommodate higher density residential development.
ƒ Inform developers of and encourage the development of housing on these sites ƒ Annually monitor the trend of redevelopment on these sites to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy for facilitating the reuse of underutilized sites. As necessary, revise the City’s strategy to encourage development on underutilized properties.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Within 36 months of adoption of the 6 th Cycle Housing Element Related Policies: H-2.2, H-2.3, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No
5-142X. Develop a Specific Plan for the Arcadia
Golf Course
The City owns the Arcadia Par 3 Golf Course and is currently negotiating with development teams to evaluate the future sale of the property and/or the re development of the site. The City will continue to work with developers to enter a Purchase and Sale Agreement and Development Agreement with a selected Development Team on the entitlement of the site. Per the requirements of the Surplus Land Act, a portion of the project (at least 25 percent of all units developed) will be dedicated to affordable housing units. The City will work with a selected developer to create a Specific Plan that provides a plan for preserving Open Space, and market-rate and af fordable units that the development will include.

Based on expressed developer interest, the City projects that 192 units will be developed on the Arcadia Golf Course Site, 48 of which will be affordable to low and very low income households.

Objectives:
ƒ Enter a Purchase and Sale Agreement and Development Agreement ƒ Develop a specific plan that will allow for a minimum of 48 units affordable to low and very low income households

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Within 36 months of adoption of the 6
th Cycle Housing Element
Related Policies: H-2.2, H-2.3, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No
5-15310. Encourage Development of Housing
Sites Listed in Inventory
The City will continue to encourage and facilitate residential and/or mixed-use development on sites listed in Appendix AB inventory by providing technical assistance to interested developers for site identification and entitlement processing. The City will continue to support developers funding applications from other agencies and programs.

Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-11 The City shall post the Sites Inventory, as shown in Appendix A on the City’s webpage and will equally encourage and market the sites for both for-sale development and rental development. The City shall identify the appropriate incentives, potentially including promotion to developers of the benefits of density bonuses and related incentives, identificati on of potential funding opportunities, offering expedited entitlement processing, and offering fe e waivers and/or deferrals, to encourage the development of affordable housing within reside ntial and mixed-use developments. The City will continuously implement this program as housing projects are submitted to the City.

Objectives:
ƒ Host a webpage for the Sites Inventory as shown in Appendix AB ƒ Identify incentives to encourage developers to develop affordable housing ƒ Review and update the Sites Inventory as nece ssary and provide information to interested developers.
ƒ Annually review development trends to evaluate the effectiveness of incentive programs and revise as necessary

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Ongoing
Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No

5-16411. Housing Density Bonus
The City will continue to evaluate and update Se ction 9103.15 – Density Bonuses for Affordable and Senior Housing of its Municipal Code to be consistent with State law. A Density bonus is an effective incentive to aid in the development of affordable housing units within Arcadia through providing concessions to proposed developments that meet specific affordability criteria. These concessions may take the form of additional residential units permit ted beyond the density allowed in the base zoning, and relaxed parking standards. The City’s current density bonus remains compliant by deferring to State Law by reference.

Objectives:
ƒ Continue to evaluate and update the density bonus section of the City’s Municipal Code to ensure consistency with State Law.
ƒ Promote State density bonuses which are an effective incentive to aid in the development of affordable housing units through providing conc essions to proposed developments that meet specific affordability criteria

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Update Municipal Code within 12 months of adoption of the Housing Element
Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No

10-12 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT 5-17512. ADU and JADU Incentive and
Monitoring Program
The City of Arcadia believes Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) are a demonstrated method to provide affordable housing in the City. Due to recent legislation, the ability to entitle and construct ADUs has increased significantly. Additionally, Tthe passing of SB 9 allows property owners to split a single-family lot into two lots, and either add a second home to their lot or split the lot into two and place duplexes on each. This creates the opportunity for four housing units on a property that is currently limited to a single-family home. The City anticipates that the passing of SB 9 will encourage the creation of ADUs and second units on single-family lots. The City recognizes the significance of this legislation as evidenced by a marked increase in ADU permit applications. Due to this legislation, the City believes aggressive support for ADU construction will result in increased opportunities for affordable housing.

The City will create a monitoring and incentive program to track ADU and JADU creation and affordability levels throughout the planning period. This will allow the City to monitor the development of accessory units at all income levels. Additionally, the City will review their ADU and JADU development progress within 2 years of the adoption of the 6th cycle Housing Element to evaluate if production estimates are being achieved. If ADUs are not being permitted as assumed in the Housing Element, the City will take the action within 6 months of completion of the ADU review to ensure that adequate capacity at each income level in maintained to meet the City’s RHNA needs. These actions may include additional incentives for ADU development or identification of adequate sites to meet the City’s identified unaccommodated need.

Objectives:
• Monitor the development of ADUs to identify strategies to incentivize ADU production • Working with existing ADU owners to maintain existing affordable ADU rentals • Establishing fee waivers for ADUs that will be made affordable to low and very low income households
• Developing and public awareness campaign by developing public outreach materials on the City’s website and other print and digital media
• Evaluate and assess the appropriateness of additional incentives to encourage ADU development

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Analyze methods within 12 months of Housing Element adoption; Establish programs (such as fee waivers) within 24 months of Housing Element adoption ; outreach to ADU property owners regarding affordable ADU rentals on a semi-an nual basis; annual monitoring and review of ADU incentives.

Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No
5-1386. Candidate Sites Used in Prior Housing
Element Planning Cycle
Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-13 Pursuant to Government Code Section 65583.2(c), any non-vacant sites identified in the prior 5th Cycle or vacant sites identified two or more consecutiv e planning periods, shall be provided by-right development when at least 20% of the units in the proposed development are affordable to lower- income households.

Appendix B of the 2021-2029 Housing Element identifies vacant and non-vacant sites that the City used in previous Housing Elements to meet the current RHNA need. To comply with State law, the City will amend the Zoning Code to permit residential uses by-right for housing development in which at least 20- percent of the units are affordable to lower-income households for sites that:
• Are non-vacant and identified in the prior planning period; and • Vacant sites included in two or more consecutive planning periods Objectives:
ƒ Amend the Zoning Code to permit residential uses by-right for housing development where at least 20-percent of units are affordable and were identified in the prior planning period

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Within 36 months of adoption of the 6
th Cycle Housing Element
Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No
5-14197. Inclusionary Housing Policy
The City has a substantial RHNA obligation of affordable housing that will be a challenge to accommodate due to prevailing project development co sts include high land values. Therefore, the City must evaluate a variety of policy prescriptions that will encourage and facilitate the construction of below market-rate housing. The City will investigate in clusionary housing policy options as an additional means to provide a variety of housing types and oppo rtunities for very low, low- and moderate-income households in Arcadia. The City will assess and anal yze a variety of inclusionary housing policy options, standards, requirements and regulations to determine the best course of action. Based upon this initial assessment, the City will determine the appropriateness and application of inclusionary policies, and adopt policies, programs or regulations that will produce housing opportunities affordable to very low, low and moderate-income households.

The City has determined that a base inclusionary requirement of 20 percent for new residential development to be affordable to very low-, low-, an d moderate-income households is appropriate as an interim measure prior to the adoption of a final inclusionary ordinance or policy. The final inclusionary policy shall address development of rental and for-sale housing affordable to very low, low- and moderate-income households, as well as the applicability of this requirement and its alternatives.

Objectives:
ƒ Adopt interim inclusionary policy
ƒ Explore and evaluate inclusionary options
ƒ Adopt an inclusionary Ordinance if feasible

Responsible Agency: Community Development
Funding Source: General Fund
10-14 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT Time Frame: Adopt interim inclusionary policy within 6 9 months of Housing Element adoption. Evaluate Inclusionary options and if feasible, adopt an Ordinance within 36 months of Housing Element
Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No

5-201815. Lot Consolidation Incentives
Given the built-out nature in Arcadia, the City will continue to promote the consolidation of small lots with adjacent lots to provide opportunities for housing. The City requires a Lot Line Adjustment, which can consolidate four or fewer lots without the need of a public hearing or any discretionary action. Lot line adjustments are an administrative process. App lications are reasonable in price and have a short processing time (10 business days). This active program will be advertised to small lot properties identified in the Housing Element and related incentives will be considered to promote the development of housing.

Objectives:
ƒ Continue Utilize the City’s website and relationship with developers to advertise the Lot Line Adjustment process and incentives associated
ƒ Continue to offer the following incentives to facilitate consolidation of small properties into larger parcels:
• Fee waivers
• Priority in permit processing.
ƒ Work with developers to identify additional incentivesIncentives could include that could include:
ƒ Fee waiverFlexible Development Standards (setback requirements, reduced parking or increased height)
ƒ Committing resources for development of affordable housing on small sites ƒ Priority in permit processing
ƒ Update Fee Schedule to reflect Lot Consolidation Incentives

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Update fee schedule within 12 months of adoption of the Housing Element; Determine and implement additional incentives within 12 months of adoption of the Housing Element
Related Policies: H-4.1, H-4.2, H-4.3, H-4.4
Sustainability Focus? No

5-211916. Preservation of Rental
Opportunities
To protect lower and moderate-income rental housing, the City shall make a conscious effort to reduce the demolition of lower and moderate-income rental housing on sites that provide more than 15 units unless the units maintain the same income categories after demolition. If Moderate or Low and Very Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-15 Low-income housing units are demolished, the City will work with developers to find replacement opportunities within the City.

Objectives:
ƒ Work with developers to ensure Moderate or Low and Very Low-income housing is replaced if demolished

Responsible Agency: Community Development
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Ongoing
Related Policies: H-3.1, H-3.6
Sustainability Focus? Yes

5-22. Replacement Unit Program
The City of Arcadia will adopt a policy and require replacement housing units subject to the requirements of Government Code section 65915, subd ivision (c)(3) on sites identified in the sites inventory when any new development (residential, mixed-use, or nonresidential) occurs on a site that is identified within the inventory meeting the following conditions:

ƒ Currently has residential uses or had residential uses within the past five years that has been vacated or demolished, and
ƒ Was subject to a recorded covenant, ordinance, or law that restricts rents to levels affordable to low and very low income households, or
ƒ Subject to any form of rent or price control through a public entity’s valid exercise of its police power, or
ƒ Occupied by low or very low income households.

Objectives:
ƒ Mitigate the loss of affordable housing units an d require new housing developments to replace all affordable units lost due to new development

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Program will be implemented immediately and applied as applications on identified sites are received and processed. Local policy shall be adopted within 12 months of Housing Element adoption
Related Policies: H-3.1, H-3.6
Sustainability Focus? Yes

5-232017. Public Information about Affordable
Housing
The City will maintain a brochure of incentives off ered by the City for the development of affordable housing including fee waivers, expedited processing, density bonuses, and other incentives. A copy of 10-16 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT this brochure shall be located at the Planning Counter , on the City’s website and shall also be provided to potential developers.

The City will update the brochure on an as- needed tobasis to provide updated information regarding incentives including updated fees and a reference to the most up to date Site Analysis and Inventory.

Objectives:
ƒ Distribute materials with information for the development of affordable housing to developers ƒ Explore methods to further disseminate affordable housing incentive information to developers

Responsible Agency: Community Development
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Ongoing ; Review brochure annually; Update brochure on an as-needed basis
Related Policies: H-3.1, H-3.2, H-3.3, H-3.6
Sustainability Focus? No
5-24118. Employee Housing, Emergency
Shelters, Transitional, and Supportive Housing
To comply with State law, the City of Arcadia will amend certain sections of its Municipal Code to address the following requirements:
• Employee Housing Act – The City is compliant with the Employee Housing Act but does not have Employee Housing defined in its Municipal Code. The City will update the Code to ensure alignment with the State’s definition of employee housing. • Supportive Housing Streamlined Approvals (AB 2162) - To comply with AB 2162 (Chapter 753, Statues 2018), the City of Arcadia will amend its Municipal Code to permit supportive housing as a use permitted by right in all zones where mu ltiple family and mixed-use development is permitted.
• Emergency and Transitional Housing Act of 2019 (AB 139) – The City will update its Municipal Code to comply with the requirements of Gov ernment Code 65583 to address permit requirements, objective standards, analysis of annual and season needs, and parking and other applicable standards and provisions. Per Government Code 65583, emergency shelters will only be subject to the same development and manage ment standards applicable to residential or commercial development within the same zone ex cept for those standards prescribed by the statute. Per Government Code 65583, the Municipal Code will be updated to allow transitional and supportive housing in all zones allowing resi dential uses and will only be subject to those restrictions that apply to other residential dwellings of the same type in the same zone. • The City will evaluate the definition of supportive and transitional housing as well as emergency shelters and update the definition where necessary to comply with Government Code 65583.

Objectives:
ƒ Align with State law that would provide emergency shelters, transitional and supportive housing by amending the City’s Municipal Codes to align with State objectives Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-17 ƒ Update the City’s Municipal Code with the definition of employee housing consistent with State Law

Responsible Agency: Community Development
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Adopt Code Amendments within 12 months of Housing Element adoption
Related Policies: H-3.1, H-3.2, H-3.3, H-3.4
Sustainability Focus?: No
5-25219. Participation in the San Gabriel
Valley Housing Trust
In 2020, the City became a member of the San Gabriel Valley Housing Trust in an effort to support this regional group with the goal of providing and build ing affordable housing throughout the Valley. The City has participated in all steps of the formation of the Trust, its governing board, and its goal statements. The Trust has sought funds (which would be matched) to retain, build, or support affordable housing throughout the region, including Arcadia.

Objectives:
ƒ Work with the San Gabriel Valley Housing Trust to identify funding opport unities for affordable housing development or support

Responsible Agency: Economic Development
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Ongoing
Related Policies: H-3.1, H-3.3, H-3.4, H-3.6
Sustainability Focus? No
5-2630. SB 35 Streamlining
The City of Arcadia will establish written procedures to comply with California Government Code Section 65913.4 and publish those procedures for the public, as appropriate, to comply with the requirements of SB 35.

These provisions apply only when the City of Arcadia does not meet the State mandated requirements for Housing Element progress and reporting on Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA). Currently, the City of Arcadia is subject to SB 35 and is required to process and streamline residential development projects that provide at least 10% low-income affordab le units (i.). All projects covered by SB 35 are still subject to the objective development standards of the City of Arcadia’s Municipal Code and Building Code. However, qualifying projects cannot be subjec t to Design Review or public hearings; and in many cases, the City cannot require parking. Per SB 35 requirements, the City cannot impose parking requirements on a SB 35 qualified streamlining project if it is located:
• Within a half-mile of public transit;
• Within an architecturally and historically significant historic district; • In an area where on-street parking permits are required but not offered to the occupants of the development; or
• Where there is a car-share vehicle located within one block of the proposed project. 10-18 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT One parking space per unit may be required of all other SB 35 projects. The City’s status with regard to SB 35 can change over time with a record of good progress towards RHNA and timely reporting to the State.

Objectives:
ƒ Update the City’s Municipal Code or website with written procedures consistent with what is required by SB 35

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Within 12 months of adoption of the 6
th Cycle Housing Element
Related Policies: H-4.1, H-4.3
Sustainability Focus? No

5-2714. Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher
Program
The Los Angeles County Housing Authority currently administers the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program for Arcadia residents on behalf of HUD. HUD’s Housing Choice Voucher program assists extremely low and very low-income households by paying the difference between 30 percent of the household income and the cost of rent. Pursuant to HUD regulations, 70 percent of the new voucher users must be at the extremely low-income level. In 2020, 101 households received Section 8 vouchers within the City. Additionally, the County currently has 57 households on the waitlist with an Arcadia mailing address.

Objectives:
ƒ Continue to participate in the federally sponsored Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher program. ƒ Disseminate information to the public regarding the Section 8 Program and promote participation by rental property owners.
ƒ Coordinate with the County of Los Angeles strive to provide Section 8 Vouchers to at least 90 families annually.

Responsible Agency: Los Angeles County Housing Authority Funding Source: HUD Section 8
Time Frame: Ongoing
Related Policies: H-3.3
Sustainability Focus? No
5-2852. Affordable Housing for Families and
Persons with Special Needs
The City will continue to encourage the provision of housing for persons with disabilities (including persons with developmental disabilities), seniors, extremely low-income households, agricultural employees and farmworkers, and racetrack employees. These special needs groups have unique housing needs and the City will offer a combination of financial and regulatory tools to facilitate the development of housing suitable for these demographic groups:

Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-19 ƒ Encourage senior citizen independence through pr omotion of housing and services related to in- home care, meal programs, counseling, and maintain a senior center that affords seniors opportunities to live healthy, active, and productive lives in the City ƒ Market the State density bonus program to developers to encourage housing development that includes housing affordable to lower and mod erate-income households and senior residents.

Provide incentives in the density bonus program to encourage the inclusion of extremely low- income units in affordable housing projects.
ƒ Adopt land use policies that support the development of housing at Extremely Low-Income levels ƒ Provide an expedited review process for developers applying for Federal and State Tax Credits, which require a designation of a percentage of the units for extremely low income households. ƒ Encourage developers to include accessibility for individuals with disabilities in their project designs ƒ Explore the granting of regulatory incentives, such as expedited permit processing, and fee waivers and deferrals, to projects targeted for persons with developmental disabilities. ƒ Continue to provide exceptions to regulatory provisions for housing for persons with disabilities through the adopted reasonable accommodation procedures. ƒ Amend the Municipal Code to be in compliance with Health and Safety Code, 17021.5, 17021.6 and 17021.8. and define employee housing in a manner consistent with applicable Health and Safety Code sections
ƒ Revise the Municipal Code to state that employee housing for six or fewer employees will be treated as a single-family structure and permitted in the same manner as other dwellings of the same type in the same zone. Additionally, the Municipal Code will be updated to state that employee housing consisting of no more than 12 units or 36 beds will be permitted in the same manner as other agricultural uses in the same zone.
ƒ Amend the Municipal Code to explicitly define Fa rmworker Housing and establish it as permitted use in residential or nonresidential zones, consistency with State law

Objectives:
ƒ Explore potential for incentive programs for the development of senior housing and services ƒ Identify incentives to encourage developers to pursue housing projects for persons with developmental disabilities
ƒ Provide developers with information on identified incentive programs online and at City Hall ƒ Maintain a list of qualified housing developers wi th a track record of providing affordable housing that is of high quality and well managed. Annually contact these developers to explore opportunities for affordable housing in Arcadia.
ƒ Assist developers in the application of funding for affordable housing development that promotes quality development. Annually explore funding opportunities with potential developers. ƒ Pursue housing at Santa Anita Racetrack for groomsman, targeting extremely low and lower income. ƒ Annually monitor the success of incentive programs and revise them as necessary ƒ Update Municipal Code to be comply with Comply with Health and Safety Code 17021.5, 17021.6 and 17021.8 and address the needs of Agricultural Employees and Farmworkers

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: Grants, Other funding sources, CDBG
Time Frame: Ongoing Update Municipal Code with in 12 months of Housing Element adoption; identify and implement in centives for senior housing and services within 12 months of Housing Element adoption; annually contact developers to explore affordable housing opportunities in the City; annually explore funding opportunities with potential developers; annually review and revise incentive programs for Special Needs populations.
10-20 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT Related Policies: H-3.1; H-3.2; H-3.3; H-4.1; H-5.2; H-5.3; H-4.1, H-4.2 Sustainability Focus? Yes

5-2693. Homeless Program Assistance
The City has applied for and received grants to provide resources to those experiencing homelessness.

Grants have funded case workers through Union Station, a Homeless Resources Hub to provide services to homeless individuals, and information to the public through newsletters and multiple workshops. The City will continue to investigate opportunities to provide funding to local organizations for providing shelter and services to the individuals experiencing homelessness.

Objectives:
ƒ Investigate opportunities to provide funding to local organizations to support individuals experiencing homelessness

Responsible Agency: Community Development
Funding Source: Grants, General Fund
Time Frame: Disseminate information on a quarterly basis through City newsletters, host two workshops annually.

Related Policies: H-3.3, H-3.4, H-3.6
Sustainability Focus? No
5-3074. Housing Sustainability
The City of Arcadia will continue to offer a variet y of programs to promote sustainable development.

These programs include promoting green building co des, the Construction Recycling Ordinance, the Water Efficiency in Landscaping Ordinance, and the Sustainable Arcadia education program.

The City will also encourage that any affordable ho using developments that receive City assistance, to the extent feasible, to include installation of energy efficient appliances and devices that will contribute to reduced housing costs for future occupants of the units. The City will continue to implement program as housing projects are awarded funds from the City in the 6 th Cycle.

Objective:
ƒ Continue to enforce City building codes and ordinances to enhance energy efficiency is residential construction and maintenance.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department, Planning Services Funding Source: Departmental budget; CDBG
Time Frame: Marketing and promotion of sustainability programs and codes is already occurring and will continue to be ongoing
Related Policies: H-3.5
Sustainability Focus? Yes

5-28315. Fair Housing
Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-21 Pursuant to AB 686, the City will affirmatively further fair housing by taking meaningful actions in addition to resisting discrimination, that overcomes patterns of segregation and foster inclusive communities free from barriers that restrict access to opportunity based on protected classes, as defined by State law.

The Housing Element contains analysis of contributing factors to fair housing issues within Arcadia and determined the following factors were applicable:

• Lack of Affordable Housing – Arcadia residents generally earn a high annual income, approximately 38 percent higher than the Los Angeles County median household income.

Additionally, Table 2-32 in the Community Profile states that the median home value in Arcadia is $1,097,600 which is high for surrounding jurisdictions and greater than the County overall. The cost burden of housing in Arcadia is higher when compared to the County and the state. Table 2-18 shows that 36 percent of the City’s households earn a lower income (at or below 80 percent of the area median family income). Additionally, 37 percent of the City’s households pay over 30 percent of their income for housing and are considered cost burdened. The City currently does not have a diverse stock of affordable housing and will implement programs to increase production of housing for all income levels. • Barriers to Housing for Persons with Disabilities – Affordability, design, and location limit the supply of housing for persons with disabilities. Amendments to the Fair Housing Act, as well as state law, require ground-floor units of new multi-family construction with more than four units to be accessible to persons with disabilities. However, units built prior to 1989 are not required to be accessible to persons with disabilities. The City of Arcadia has a higher population with disabilities than the surrounding region. Additionally, a majority of the residences were built between 1940 and 1989 suggesting that the housing stock was not required to be accessible to persons with disabilities. The City could provide additional enforcement and outreach on fair housing for both landlords and residents with regards to people with disabilities. Additionally, the City has plans to update its reasonable accommodation procedures to address some issues associated with physical disabilities. • Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach - Previous fair housing inquiries in Arcadia have gone unresolved. Additionally, the City only conducts outreach through the Housing Rights Center.

The City could provide additional general information and outreach on fair housing within Arcadia. The City is considered a high opportunity and resource area, additional enforcement and outreach on fair housing may improve opportunities for households in the region to move to Arcadia.

The City will collaborate with appropriate capable organizations to review housing discrimination complaints, assist in the facilitation of equitable dispute resolution, and, where necessary, refer complainants to appropriate state or federal agencies for further investigation, action and resolution.

The City is committed to taking meaningful actions to mitigate or remove fair housing issues within Arcadia. The City will take the following actions for each of the contributing factors identified:
• Lack of Affordable Housing
o Incentivizing affordable housing developments for all income levels and working to inform developers of incentives to develop affordable housing (Program 5-23, Program 5-35)
o Preserve existing affordable units (Program 5-4, Program 5-5, Program 5-21) • Regulatory Barriers for Persons with Disabilities
o The City will amend the Reasonable Accommodation Procedure per Program 5-34 10-22 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT o The City will work to distribute information regarding construction of housing for persons with disabilities (Program 5-28)
• 28Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach (Program 5-32) o Continue to partner with the Housing Rights Center to provide Fair Housing services o Post information regarding Fair Housing on the City website, in City newsletters and social media

Additionally, the City will partner with capable organizations to review housing discrimination complaints, attempt to facilitat e equitable resolution of complaints, and, where necessary, refer complainants to the appropriate state or federal agency for further investigation and action.

Objectives:
ƒ Collaborate with appropriate capable organizations to review housing discrimination complaints, assist in the facilitation of equitable dispute resolution, and, where necessary, refer complainants to appropriate state or federal agencies for further investigation, action, and resolution. ƒ Participate in the Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice and other fair housing planning efforts coordinated by the Los Angeles County Community Development Commission.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department, Los Angeles County Community Development Commission, Housing Rights Center
Funding Source: CDBG
Time Frame: Implement programs on an ongoing basis, beginning within 12-24 months of adoption
Related Policies: H-5.1, H-5.2, H-5.3
Sustainability Focus? No
5-32296. Fair Housing Assistance
The City contracts with the Housing Rights Center (HRC) to actively inform residents, landlords of residential property, and others involved in the insurance, construction, sale or lease of residential property of the laws pertaining to fair housing. The HRC provides the following programs and services to its clients, free of charge:
ƒ Landlord-Tenant Counseling
ƒ Predatory Lending Information and Referrals
ƒ Housing Discrimination Investigation
ƒ Enforcement and Advocacy
ƒ Outreach and Education

The City distributes information regarding fair ho using to community members upon request and refers those with complaints and concerns about fair housing to the HRC. The City also periodically provides information on fair housing, the HRC and its services through the City newsletter and at the annual Senior Fair.

Objectives
ƒ Continue to contract with a provider to provide fair housing services to residents. ƒ Disseminate information to the public through the City’s newsletter and community events on the array of fair housing programs and services provided by the City.

Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-23 Responsible Agency: Development Services Department; Los Angeles County Community Development Commission; Housing Rights Center
Funding Source: CDBG
Time Frame: Ongoing
Related Policies: H-5.1; H-5.2; H-5.3
Sustainability Focus? No
5-33027. Supportive Housing/Low Barrier
Navigation Centers
State law has been updated to require approval 'by right' of certain supportive housing and low barrier navigation centers that meet the requirements of State law. Low barrier navigation centers are generally defined as service-enriched shelters focused on the transition of persons into permanent housing.

Low barrier navigation centers provide temporary living facilities for persons experiencing homelessness due to income, public benefits, health services, shelter, and housing. To comply with State law, The City of Arcadia will adopt policies, procedures, and regulati ons for processing this type of use to establish a non-discretionary local permit approval process th at must be provided to accommodate supportive housing and lower barrier navigation centers per State law. In the interim, any submitted application for this use type will be processed in accordance with State law.

The City will provide for annual monitoring of the e ffectiveness and appropriateness of existing adopted policies. Should any amendments be warranted to existing policies pursuant to State law, the City will modify its existing policies, as appropriate.

Objectives:
ƒ Adopt code amendments to establish supportive housing and low barrier navigation centers ‘by right’ if the project meets requirements established by State Law.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: CDBG
Time Frame: Adopt Code Amendments within 24 months of Housing Element adoption
Related Policies: H-5.1; H-5.2; H-5.3
Sustainability Focus? No

5-34. Update Reasonable Accommodation
Procedures
The City will amend the Municipal Code to remove modification requirements and allow for reasonable accommodations without any discretionary actions or modification applications.

Objectives:
ƒ Remove land use constraints to the development of housing for individuals with disabilities and provide reasonable accommodation to ensure equal access to housing 10-24 | Implementation Plan Arcadia General Plan – September 2021_DRAFT

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Adopt Code Amendments within 12 months of Housing Element adoption
Related Policies: H-2.1, H-2.3, H-2.4, H-2.5, H-2.6
Sustainability Focus? No

5-35. Mitigating High Development Fees and
Development Standards forConstraints for the
Development of Affordable Housing Projects
Specific to affordable housing, the City has identifi ed constraints such as parking standards in Section 3 as a constraint to the development of affordable ho using. identified the development fees and parking standards in Section 03 as a constraint to the development of affordable housing. To mitigate these constraints, the City will work with affordable ho using developers to develop a pre-approved list of incentives to promote the development of affordable housing. Such incentives may include a waiver or reduction of certain development fees, or modifications of parking standards or other development standards that could constrain the development of affordable housing.

Objectives:
ƒ Monitor standards and development in the City to ensure that conditions conducive to the development of affordable housing are maintained. Should a constraint emerge during the 6th Cycle, the City will actively work to create amendments or incentives to lower the barrier to develop affordable housing.
ƒ Identify and remove constraints to the development of affordable housing . The City will work to identify solutions to reduce the barrier with regards to parking standards and any other constraints identified in the future.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: General Fund
Time Frame: Evaluate program features within 24 months; adopt procedures within 36 months of Housing Element adoption; annually monitor and evaluate development standards and fees within the City.

Related Policies: H-5.1; H-5.2
Sustainability Focus? No

5-35128. Water and Sewer Service Providers
Pursuant to SB 1087, Chapter 727, Statues of 2005, the City of Arcadia is required to deliver its adopted housing element and any amendments thereto to local water and sewer service providers. This legislation allows for coordination between the Ci ty and water and sewer providers when considering approval of new residential projects, to ensure that the providers have an opportunity to provide input on the Element.

Arcadia General Plan_PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT Implementation Plan | 10-25 Additionally, review of the Housing Element ensures that priority for water and sewer services is granted to projects that include units affordable to lower-income households. The City will submit the adopted 6th Cycle Housing Element to local water and sewer providers for their review and input.

Objectives:
ƒ Submit the 6
th Cycle Housing Element to local water and sewer providers for their review and input ƒ Ensure that there is adequate water and sewer services planned to support housing growth

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: CDBG
Time Frame: Transmit document immediately upon adoption of future amendment Related Policies: H-5.1; H-5.2
Sustainability Focus? No

Table 10-1 summarizes the City of Arcadia’s quantified objectives with regards to the construction, rehabilitation, and preservation of housing. These objectives are established based on the City’s resources available over the planning period.

5-36. Mobilehomes and Manufactured Homes
The City will review the existing provisions and development standards of Mobilehomes and manufactured homes for consistency with State Law in accordance with Government Section 65852.3.

Objectives:
ƒ Review Municipal Code for consistency with State Law and adopt any necessary amendments.

Responsible Agency: Development Services Department
Funding Source: CDBG
Time Frame: Adopt Code Amendments within 24 months of Housing Element adoption
Related Policies: H-5.1; H-5.2; H-5.3
Sustainability Focus? No

Table 10-1: Quantified Objectives
Extremely
Low Very Low Low Moderate Above
Moderate Total
New Construction 138 138 167 177 434 1,054
Rehabilitation 40 40 40 40 0 160
Preservation (Naomi Gardens) 0 100 0 0 0 100

Arcadia DRAFT 2021-2029 Housing Element Update
6th Cycle Housing Element Update i
Technical Background Report

CITYY OFF ARCADIA
6th Cycle
Housing Element Update
(2021-2029)
DRAFT December 2021
Arcadia DRAFT 2021-2029 Housing Element Update
6th Cycle Housing Element Update ii
Technical Background Report

CCITYY OFF ARCADIAA
6th Cycle
Housing Element Update
(2021-2029)
DRAFT December 2021
Arcadia DRAFT 2021-2029 Housing Element Update
6th Cycle Housing Element Update iii
Technical Background Report
CContents
Section 1: Introduction........................................................................................................ ...............1- 1 A. Role of the Housing Element ......................................................................................................... 1-1 B. State Policy and Authorization ....................................................................................................... 1-1

1. Background............................................................................................................................... 1-1

2. State Requirements .................................................................................................................. 1-1

3. Regional Housing Needs Assessment ....................................................................................... 1-3

4. Relationship to Other Communities ........................................................................................... 1-3

5. Public Participation .................................................................................................................... 1-4

6. Data Sources................................................................................................................. ........... 1-5

7. Technical Background Report Organization ............................................................................... 1-5 Section 2: Community Profile ................................................................................................... .........2- 1

1. Population Characteristics ............................................................................................................. 2-1 A. Population Growth............................................................................................................................ 2-1 B. Age Characteristics.......................................................................................................................... 2-3 C. Race/Ethnicity Characteristics.......................................................................................................... 2-4

2. Economic Characteristics .............................................................................................................. 2-7 A. Employment and Wage Scale........................................................................................................... 2-7

3. Household Characteristics .................................................................................................... 2-10 A. Household Type ............................................................................................................... ... 2-10 B. Household Size ............................................................................................................... .... 2-11 C. Household Income ............................................................................................................. .2-12

3. Housing Problems ....................................................................................................................... 2-15 A. Overcrowding................................................................................................................. ...... 2-16 B. Overpayment (Cost Burden) In Relationship to Income .............................................. 2-18

4. Special Needs Groups ................................................................................................................ 2-20 A. Seniors ................................................................................................................................. 2-20 B. Persons with Physical and Developmental Disabilities ............................................................. 2-21 C. Lar
ge Households................................................................................................................... 2-23 D. Single-Parent Households ................................................................................................ 2-24 E. Farmworkers and Racetrack Workers ............................................................................. 2-25 F. Students ............................................................................................................................... 2-25 G. Extremely Low income Households and Poverty Status ............................................. 2-26 H. Homeless..................................................................................................................... ......... 2-30

5. Housing Stock Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 2-31 Arcadia DRAFT 2021-2029 Housing Element Update
6th Cycle Housing Element Update iv
Technical Background Report
A. Housing Growth............................................................................................................... .... 2-31 B. Housing Type ................................................................................................................. ..... 2-32 C. Housing Availability and Tenure ...................................................................................... 2-32 D. Vacancy Rates ................................................................................................................ .... 2-34 E. Housing Age and Condition ..................................................................................................... 2-35 F. Housing Costs and Affordability ....................................................................................... 2-36 Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing (AFFH)............. 3-2

1. Nongovernmental Constraints ....................................................................................................... 3-2 A. Land Costs and Construction Costs .......................................................................................... 3-2 B. Availability of Financing ............................................................................................................. 3-3 C. Economic Constraints ............................................................................................................... 3-6

2. Governmental Constraints ............................................................................................................. 3-6 A. Land Use Controls .................................................................................................................... 3-6 State Density Bonus Law.............................................................................................................. 3-8 B. Residential Development Standards .......................................................................................... 3-9 Landscaping Requirements......................................................................................................... 3-13 Site Coverage and FAR.............................................................................................................. 3-13 Minimum Unit Sizes.................................................................................................................... 3-13 Maximum Building Heights.......................................................................................................... 3-13 Parking Standards ...................................................................................................................... 3-14 Definition of a Family .................................................................................................................. 3-15 C. Homeowners Association Areas .............................................................................................. 3-16 D. Growth Management Measures .............................................................................................. 3-21 E. Specific Plans ......................................................................................................................... 3-21 Seabiscuit Pacific Specific Plan – Le Meridien Hotel and Mixed Use Project (SP-SP).................. 3-21 F.

Variety of Housing Types Permitted........................................................................................ 3-21 Single-Family Dwelling................................................................................................................ 3-26 Multi-Family Dwelling.................................................................................................................. 3-26 Two-Family Dwelling................................................................................................................... 3-26 Accessory Dwelling Unit.............................................................................................................. 3-26 Junior Accessory Dwelling Unit................................................................................................... 3-26 Residential Care Facility- Small and Large.................................................................................. 3-26 Supportive Housing – Housing Type, Small, and Large............................................................... 3-26 Transitional Housing – Housing Type, Small, and Large.............................................................. 3-27 Boarding House.......................................................................................................................... 3-28 Emergency Shelter .............................................................................................................. ....... 3-28 Arcadia DRAFT 2021-2029 Housing Element Update
6th Cycle Housing Element Update v
Technical Background Report
Hotel and Motel........................................................................................................................... 3-28 Live/Work Unit ............................................................................................................................ 3-28 Single-Room Occupancy ............................................................................................................ 3-28 Employee Housing...................................................................................................................... 3-29 Mobile Homes............................................................................................................................. 3-29 Manufactured Homes.................................................................................................................. 3-29 Short Term Rentals and Unoccupied Housing............................................................................. 3-29 G. Housing for Persons with Disabilities ....................................................................................... 3-29 Reasonable Accommodation ...................................................................................................... 3-29 H. Development Fees .................................................................................................................. 3-30 I. On-/Off-Site Improvements.................................................................................................... ..3-38 Building Codes and Enforcement................................................................................................ 3-38 Local Processing and Permit Procedures.................................................................................... 3-39 Permit Processing.............................................................................................................. ......... 3-40 Site Plan and Design Review...................................................................................................... 3-41 J. Senate Bill 35 .......................................................................................................................... 3-42 K. Infrastructure Constraints ........................................................................................................ 3-43 Dry Utilities ............................................................................................................................... ..3-43 Water Supply and Wastewater Capacity...................................................................................... 3-43 Fire and Emergency Services..................................................................................................... 3-44 Police Services ................................................................................................................ ........... 3-45 L. Environmental Constraints ...................................................................................................... 3-45 Geologic and Seismic Hazards ................................................................................................... 3-46 Flooding............................................................................................................................... ....... 3-46 Fire Hazards................................................................................................................... ............ 3-46 Mitigating Environmental Conditions ........................................................................................... 3-47

3. A
ffirmatively Furthering Fair Housing (AFFH).............................................................................. 3-47 A. Needs Assessment................................................................................................................. 3-48 Countywide AFH Outreach FY 2017 ........................................................................................... 3-48 2021 – 2029 Housing Element Update Outreach......................................................................... 3-48 Compliance with State and Local Fair Housing Laws................................................................... 3-48 Enforcement and Outreach......................................................................................................... 3-50 B. Fair Housing Issues ................................................................................................................ 3-54 C. Lending Patterns ..................................................................................................................... 3-54 D. Hate Crimes.................................................................................................................. .......... 3-56 E. Analysis of Federal, State, and Local Data and Knowledge............................................................. 3-56 Arcadia DRAFT 2021-2029 Housing Element Update
6th Cycle Housing Element Update vi
Technical Background Report
Summary of Local Knowledge Analysis....................................................................................... 3-56 Integration and Segregation Patterns and Trends........................................................................ 3-56 Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty (R/ECAP).................................................. 3-66 Concentrated Areas of Affluence................................................................................................. 3-71 Disparities in Access to Opportunity............................................................................................ 3-73 G. Discussion of Disproportionate Housing Needs ....................................................................... 3-91 Existing Needs............................................................................................................................ 3-91 Future Growth Need ................................................................................................................... 3-99 Displacement Risk...................................................................................................................... 3-99 Cost of Preservation and Replacement Analysis....................................................................... 3-102 Summary of Disproportionate Housing Needs Factors.............................................................. 3-102 H. Assessment of Loc al Contributing Factors to Fair Housing in Arcadia.................................... 3-102 AB 686 ......................................................................................................................... ............ 3-103 AB 686 Sites Analysis AFFH Findings....................................................................................... 3-116 I. Summary of Programs to Support Fair Housing ..................................................................... 3-116

4. Housing Resources ................................................................................................................... 3-117 A. Regional Housing Needs Allocation ....................................................................................... 3-117 Residential Sites Inventory........................................................................................................ 3-118 Selection of Suitable Sites......................................................................................................... 3-118 Accessory Dwelling Unit Production.......................................................................................... 3-118 Regional Housing Needs Allocation .......................................................................................... 3-119 Summary of Sites Inventory and RHNA Obligations.................................................................. 3-120

5. Financial Resources ................................................................................................................. 3-120 A. Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher ....................................................................................... 3-120 B. Grants and Programs.......................................................................................................... ..3-121 Comm
unity Development Block Grants (CDBG)........................................................................ 3-121 San Gabriel Valley Regional Housing Trust............................................................................... 3-121 CalCHA and CSCDA-CIA.......................................................................................................... 3-121 C. Opportunities for Energy Conservation .................................................................................. 3-121 Title 24 ....................................................................................................................... .............. 3-121 Energy Use and Providers ........................................................................................................ 3-121 Section 4: Review of Past Performance............................................................................................ 4-2

1. Review of Past Performance ......................................................................................................... 4-2 Appendix A: Adequate Sites..................................................................................................... ........ A-1 A. Adequate Sites Analysis Overview ............................................................................................... A-1

1. Selection of Sites............................................................................................................................. A-4 Arcadia DRAFT 2021-2029 Housing Element Update
6th Cycle Housing Element Update vii
Technical Background Report

2. Projects in the Pipeline .................................................................................................................... A-4

3. Redevelopment of Nonvacant Sites for Residential Use................................................................... A-6

4. Accessory Dwelling Units................................................................................................................. A-9

5. Selection of Sites to Accommodate Remaining Need..................................................................... A-12 Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion & Overlay............................................................................... A-12 Mixed-Use Upzone ............................................................................................................... ..... A-16 Las Tunas and Live Oak Corridor............................................................................................... A-19 C-G Residential Flex Overlay..................................................................................................... A-22 R-3 Upzone ..................................................................................................................... .......... A-24 Arcadia Golf Course................................................................................................................... A-28

6. Development of Small Site Parcels................................................................................................ A-30

7. Water, Sewer and Dry Utility Availability......................................................................................... A-33 Water and Sewer....................................................................................................................... A-33 Utilities............................................................................................................................... ........ A-34 B. Calculations of Unit Capacity ..................................................................................................... A-34

8. Capacity Calculations.................................................................................................................... A-34 Net Unit Calculations ................................................................................................................. A-34

8. Zoning and General Plan Designations.......................................................................................... A-36

9. Adequate Sites Table .................................................................................................................... A-36 Appendix B: Community Engagement Summary............................................................................ B-1

1. Housing Element Update Website.................................................................................................... B-3

2. Community Workshop #1 – Informational Video and Presentation................................................... B-4

3. Online Community Survey............................................................................................................... B-5

4. Community Workshop #2................................................................................................................. B-7

5. Social Media and City Publications.................................................................................................. B-8

6. Public Comments ............................................................................................................................ B-9 Appendix C: Glossary of Terms........................................................................................................ C-1

Section 1: Introduction 1
TTechnical Background Report
SSection 1
Introduction

Section 1: Introduction 1-1

Section 1: Introduction
AA. Role of the Housing Element
The Housing Element is a state mandated chapter of the Arcadia’s General Plan; it identifies and analyzes the City’s housing needs and includes a detailed outline and work program of the City’s goals, policies, and quantified objectives. The Housing Element also addresses the maintenance and expansion of the housing supply to accommodate households currently living and expected to live in Arcadia during the 2021-2029 planning period. Through research and analysis, the Housing Element identifies available candidate housing sites and establishes the City’s official housing policies and programs to accommodate the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) goals as determined by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). The programs and policies established within the Housing Element guide future decision-making to achieve the City’s housing goals for the 2021-2029 planning period.

B. State Policy and Authorization

1. Background
As a mandated chapter of the Arcadia General Plan, the Housing Element must meet all requirements of existing state laws. Goals, programs and policies, and quantified objectives within the Housing Element consistent with state law are to be implemented within a timeline to ensure the City accomplishes the identified actions.

2. State Requirements
California State Housing Element Law (California Government Code Article 10.6) establishes the requirements for the Housing Element. State Law requires that local governments review and revise the Housing Element of their comprehensive General Plans once every eight years.

The California Legislature has adopted an overall housing goal for the State to ensure every resident has a decent home and suitable living environment. Section 65580 of the California Government Code states:
a) The availability of housing is of vital statewide importance, and the early attainment of decent housing and a suitable living environment for every Californian, including farmworkers, is a priority of the highest order.
b) The early attainment of this goal requires cooperative participation of government and the private sector in an effort to expand housing opportunities and accommodate the housing needs of Californians in all economic levels.
c) The provisions of housing affordable to low and moderate income households requires the cooperation of all levels of the government.
d) Local and State governments have a responsibility to use the powers vested in them to facilitate the improvement and development of housing to make adequate provision for housing needs of all economic segments of the community. The Legislature rec ognizes that in ca rrying out this responsibility, each local government also has the responsibility to consider economic, environmental, and fiscal factors and community goals set forth in the general plan and to cooperate with other local governments and the state in addressing regional housing needs.

Section 1: Introduction 1-2

Table 1-1 summarizes the State Housing Element requirements and identifies where these requirements are addressed in the Housing Element Update.

Table 1-1: Housing Element Requirements
Housing Element Requirements Gov. Code Requirements Reference in Housing Element
Analysis of employment trends. Section 65583.a Section 2.2 Projection and quantification of existing
and projected housing needs for all
income groups.

Section 65583.a Section 3.3.G
An inventory of land suitable for
residential development including
vacant sites and sites with
redevelopment potential.

Section 65583.a Appendix A
Analysis of existing and potential
governmental constraints upon the
maintenance, improvement, or
development of housing for all income
levels.

Section 65583.a Section 3.2
Analysis of existing and potential
nongovernmental (private sector)
constraints upon maintenance,
improvement or development of
housing for all income levels.

Section 65583.a Section 3.1
Analysis concerning the needs of the
homeless. Section 65583.a Section 2.4.H
Analysis of special housing needs:
handicapped, elderly, large families,
farm workers, and female-headed
households.

Section 65583.a Section 2.4
Analysis of opportunities for energy
conservation with respect to residential
development.

Section 65583.a Section 3.5.C
Identification of Publicly Assisted
Housing Developments. Section 65583.a Section 3.5.B
Identification of Units at Risk of
Conversion to Market Rate Housing. Section 65583.a Section 3.3.G Identification of the City’s goal relative
to the maintenance, improvement, and
development of housing.

Section 65583.a Housing Element: Goals,
Policies and Programs
Analysis of quantified objectives and
policies relative to the maintenance,
improvement, and development of
housing.

Section 65583.a Implementation Plan

Section 1: Introduction 1-3

Housing Element Requirements Gov. Code Requirements Reference in Housing Element
Identification of adequate sites that will
be made available through appropriate
action with required public services
and facilities for a variety
of housing types for all income levels.

Section 65583.b Appendix A
Identification of strategies to assist in
the development of adequate housing
to meet the needs of low and moderate
income households.

Section 65583.c(1) Appendix A
Description of the Public Participation
Program in the formulation of Housing
Element Goals, Policies, and
Programs.

Section 65583.d Appendix B
Description of the Regional Housing
Needs Assessment (RHNA) prepared
by the Southern California Association
of Governments.

Section 65583.e Section 3.4.A
Analysis of Fair Housing, including
Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing. Section 8899.50 Section 3.3 Review of the effectiveness of the past
Element, including the City’s
accomplishments during the previous
planning period.

Section 65583.f Section 4
Source: State of California, Department of Housing and Community Development.

Arcadia’s Housing Element was last adopted in December 2013 for the 5th cycle of the 2014-2021 planning period. The Housing Element for the 2021-2029 planning period, is part of the 6 th update cycle for jurisdictions within the SCAG region and allows for synchronization with the Regional Transportation Plan and Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS). The Element sets forth an 8-year strategy to address the City’s identified housing needs, including specific programs and activities.

3. Regional Housing Needs Assessment
Section 65583 of the California Government Code sets forth the specific content requirements of a jurisdiction’s housing element. Included in these requirements are obligations on the part of local jurisdictions to provide their “fair share” of regional housing needs. Local governments and Councils of Governments (COGs) are required to determine existing and future housing need and the allocation of this need must be approved by the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD).

Arcadia is a member agency of t he Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). SCAG is responsible for preparing the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) for all jurisdictions within the SCAG region.

HCD established the planning period for the current RHNA from October 15, 2021 to October 15, 2029. For the 2021-2029 planning period, the City is allocated a total of 3,214 units, including 1,102 units affordable to very low income households, 570 units affordable to low income, 605 units affordable to moderate- income, and 937 units affordable to above moderate (market-rate) income households.

4. Relationship to Other Communities

Section 1: Introduction 1-4

The goals, policies, actions, and programs described in the Housing Element relate to, and are consistent with, the other Elements of the Arcadia General Plan, which was last updated in November 2010. The Housing Element supports and reinforces development policies contained in the Land Use Element. The Land Use Element establishes the location, type, intensity, and distribution of land uses throughout the City, and defines these land uses ’ build-out potential. By designating residential development, the Land Use Element identifies limits for densities and types of housing units constructed in the City. It also identifies lands designated for a range of other land uses, including employment-generating uses, open space, and public uses. The presence and potential for jobs can affect the current and future local demand for housing at the various income levels in the City.

The Circulation Element of the General Plan also relates to the Housing Element. The Circulation Element establishes a transportation plan to accommodate the movement of people and goods within and through the City. Consequently, the Housing Element must include policies and incentives that consider the types of infrastructure essential for residential housing units in addition to mitigating the effects of growth in the City.

The Housing Element has been reviewed for consistency with the City’s other General Plan Elements, and the Housing Element’s policies and programs are consistent with the other Elements. As portions of the General Plan may be amended in the future, the Housing Element will be reviewed to ensure internal consistency is maintained.

5. Public Participation
Section 65583 of the Government Code states that, "The local government shall make diligent effort to achieve public participation of all economic segments of the community in the development of the housing element, and the program shall describe this effort." Meaningful community participation is also required in connection with the City' s Assessment of Fair Housing (AFH). A discussion of citizen participation is provided below.

As part of the 6
th Cycle Housing Element Update process, the City of Arcadia has conducted public outreach efforts beginning in 2021. These recent outreach efforts included a virtual presentation, an online survey, Community Workshop, digital media, advertisement on through social media and newsletters, and noticed Public Hearings. Project materials, including summaries from community workshops and public meetings, notices, and draft public review documents are available on the City’s website.

Outreach for the 6
th Cycle Housing Element to the community includes the following actions:
o Housing Element Update webpage with all housing materials available in English and Chinese located at: https://www.arcadiaca.gov/housing
o Informational Videos and recorded presentations posted to the City’s website in June, 2021 o Postcard mailed to every residential postal customer in the City informing the community of the Housing Element in general, how to get involved, and how to access the community survey o Online Community Survey, in English and Chinese, provided from June 14, 2021 to August 6, 2021 o A Virtual Community Workshop hosted on September 23, 2021 which will bewas recorded and posted to the City’s website
o Advertisements and outreach through social media and City newsletters o Public Review of the Draft Housing Element

Section 1: Introduction 1-5

As required by Government Code Section 65585(b)(2), all written comments regarding the Housing Element made by the public have previously been provided to each member of the City Council.

Appendix B contains a summary of all public comments regarding the Housing Element received by the City during the update process.

6. Data Sources
The data used for the completion of this Housing Element comes from a variety of sources. These include, but are not limited to:
o United States Census, 2010
o American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019
o Regional Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing (AI) o Point-in-Time Homeless Census by the Regional Task Force on the Homeless, 2019 o Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) lending data
o California Department of Economic Development
o California Employment Development Division Occupational Wage data, 2020 o Department of Housing and Urban Development, Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), 2013-2017
The data sources represent the best data available at the time this Housing Element Update was prepared.

The original source documents contain the assumptions and methods used to compile the data.

7. Technical Background Report Organization
This Technical Background Report presents the technical analysis and City’s background which informed the City of Arcadia’s policy program for the 2021-2029 6th Cycle Planning Period. This Report is comprised of the following sections:

Section 1: Introduction contains a summary of the content, organization and statutory consideration of the Housing Element;
Section 2: Community Profile contains a detailed analysis of the City’s population, household and employment base, and the characteristics of the housing stock; Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing examining governmental and non-governmental constraints on production, maintenance, and affordability of housing and provides a summary of housing resources, including sites identification, funding, and financial considerations;
Section 4: Review of Past Performance includes a review of the City’s progress in implementing the programs under the previously adopted Housing Element.

Appendices provide supplementary background resources including:
o Appendix A – Adequate Sites Analysis
o Appendix B – Community Engagement Summary
o Appendix C – Glossary of Housing Terms

Section 1: Introduction 1
TTechnical Background Report
SSection 2
Community Profile

Section 2: Community Profile 2-1

Section 2: Community Profile
The Community Profile provides an overview of the City’s housing and population conditions and lays the foundation for policies and programs within the Housing Element. The City of Arcadia strives to achieve a balanced housing stock that meets the varied needs of all income segments of the community. To understand the City’s housing needs, the nature of the existing housing stock and the housing market must be comprehensively evaluated. This section of the Technical Background Report discusses the major components of housing needs in Arca dia, including population, hous ehold informa tion, economic characteristics, and housing stock characteristics. Each of these components is presented in a regional context, and where relevant, in the context of other nearby communities. This assessment serves as the basis for identifying the appropriate goals, policies, and programs for the City to implement during the 2021- 2029 Housing Element Cycle.

11. Population Characteristics
Understanding the characteristics of a population is vital in the process of planning for the future needs of a community. Population growth, age composition, and race/ethnicity influence the type and extent of housing needed and the ability of the local population to afford housing costs. Issues such as population growth, race/ethnicity, age, and employment trends are factors that combine to influence the type of housing needed and the ability to afford housing. The following section de scribes and analyze s the various population characteristics and trends that affect housing need.

A. Population Growth
Table 2-1 exhibits the population growth in the City of Arcadia and surrounding jurisdictions using the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) Regional growth forecast report and US Census data. The 2010 Census reported a total population of 55,704 in the City of Arcadia which is significantly lower than nearby juri sdictions such as Pas adena and El Monte. The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) compiled, using data and direction from multiple state entities, a Regional Growth Forecast which produces socio-economic estimates and projections at multiple geographic levels for multiple years. The SCAG Regional Growth Forecast (2016-2045) projected a 2.87 percent population growth for the City of Arcadia from 2010 to 2016. SCAG projects that the City of Arcadia is expected to see a 14.98 percent increase from 2010 to 2045.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-2

According to the U.S. Census 5-Year Estimates, Arcadia’s total population in 2016 was 57,755 which is 0.8 percent higher than the population projected in SCAG’s Regional Growth Forecast. Figure 2-1 below shows Arcadia’s population growth from 2010 to 2019. While the SCAG model may only be able to roughly predict population changes over time, it considers regional trends and acts as a valuable tool for planning for future housing needs.

Figure 2-1: Population Change in Arcadia (2010 – 2019)

Source: American Community Survey, 5-year estimate (2010-2019) 55,704
57,564
58,152
54000
54500
55000
55500
56000
56500
57000
57500
58000
58500
59000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Population Size
Year
Table 2-1: Population Growth
Jurisdictions
Population Percent Change
2010
Actual
2016
Projected
2045
Projected
2010-
2016 2010-2045
Monrovia 36,616 38,000 42,100 3.78% 10.79%
Pasadena 136,449 142,100 155,500 4.14% 9.43%
Arcadia 56,364 57,300 62,200 2.87% 8.55%
El Monte 113,888 114,300 137,500 0.36% 20.30%
Los Angeles County* - 1,044,500 1,258,000 % 20.44%
Represents an estimate from the SCAG 2016-2040 Regional Growth Forecast.

Sources: American Community Survey, 5-year estimate (2010) and SCAG 2016-2040 Regional Growth Forecast by Jurisdiction Report.
*Los Angeles County data is for the Unincorporated data reported by SCAG

Section 2: Community Profile 2-3

B. Age Characteristics
The age composition of a community is an important factor in evaluating housing needs because housing demand within the market is often determined by the preferences of certain age groups. Conventionally, young adults and seniors tend to favor apartments, low to moderate-cost condominiums, and smaller or more affordable single-family units because they tend to live on smaller or fixed incomes and have smaller families. The middle-aged demographic, persons between 35-years and 65-years, makes up the major portion of home buyers as well as the market for moderate to high-cost apartments and condominiums because they generally have higher incomes and larger families to accommodate. As the population moves through different stages of life, housing is required to accommodate new or adjusted needs. In order to produce a well-balanced and healthy community, where needs are met, it is essential that a community be provided with appropriate housing to accommodate needs of all ages.

Figure 2-2compares changes in the age composition of Arcadia’s population from 2010 to 2019, while Table 2-2 compares the age distribution of Arcadia to surrounding jurisdictions. According to the American Community Survey (ACS), age distribution in Arcadia has remained relatively stable over the past decade.

As shown in Figure 2-2, there has been a slight increase in the population aged 65 years and older (about 14 percent to 19 percent) and a slight decline in the population aged 25 to 44, showing aging in the overall population Overall, Arcadia’s age distribution has remained stable in the past decade.

Figure 2-2: Age Distribution in Arcadia (2010-2019)

Source: American community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2010, 2015, and 2019.

Table 2-2 below shows the age characteristics of the City of Arcadia compared to surrounding jurisdictions and Los Angeles County. According to the 2019 ACS, Arcadia had a smaller young adult population (age 20 to 24) as well as a smaller percentage of residents under the age of 14 compared to nearby jurisdictions.

Arcadia also has the highest percentage of their population above 45 years of age compared to nearby jurisdictions. Overall, the City’s population is older than that of most neighboring cities and the County of Los Angeles.

Under 5 5 to 14 15 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 44 45 to 64 65 years + 2010 4.50% 12.50% 7.20% 5.80% 26.10% 29.10% 14.90%
2015 3.70% 13.10% 6.20% 6.10% 22.90% 31.20% 16.80%
2019 5.00% 12.60% 6.30% 3.80% 23.80% 29.30% 19.30%

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%
2010 2015 2019

Section 2: Community Profile 2-4

Table 2-2: Age Characteristics / Age Distribution
Jurisdiction Under 5 5 to 14 15 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 44 45 to 64 65 years+ Monrovia 4.3% 12.7% 5.6% 6.1% 28.9% 28.5% 13.9%
Pasadena 6.6% 9.0% 4.6% 5.7% 33.2% 24.9% 15.9%
Arcadia 5.0% 12.6% 6.3% 3.8% 23.8% 29.3% 19.3%
El Monte 5.8% 13.3% 6.5% 7.9% 28.5% 24.6% 13.4%
Los Angeles County 6.1% 12.1% 6.4% 7.1% 29.8% 25.2% 13.2% Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019 C. Race/Ethnicity Characteristics
Racial and ethnic composition within a City is important to understand and analyze the different needs and implications for housing in a community. It is common for different racial and ethnic groups to have different household characteristics, income levels, and cultural backgrounds which may affect their housing needs, housing choice, and housing types. Cultural influences may reflect preference for a specific type of housing.

Ethnicity can also correlate with other characteristics such as location choices, mobility, and income. This is analyzed further in the Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing discussion within the Housing Constraints section of the Housing Element.

Figure 2-3 displays the 2019 American Community Survey racial and ethnic compositions data for both the City of Arcadia and the County of Los Angeles. According to the data, over half of the population in Arcadia identifies as Asian (64.2 percent) with the next largest population identifying White (30.7 percent), and 4.9 percent as Some Other Race. Conversely, the majority of Los Angeles County identified as White (54.4 percent) with 16.3 identifying as Asian and 22.2 percent identified as Some Other Race. Those who identified as two or more races accounted for 3.5 percent of the population in Arcadia and about four percent in the County. Los Angeles County had a larger percentage of the population who identified as Black, 9.2 percent compared to 2.7 percent in Arcadia. Additionally, both the percentage of American Indian and Native Alaskan population and the Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander population were under two percent in the County and in Arcadia.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-5

Figure 2-3: Racial/Ethnic Composition, 2019

Source: American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Table 2-3 below displays Racial and Ethnic Composition data for Arcadia, the County and surrounding jurisdictions. Trends similar to those expressed in Figure 2-3 above show the population identified as Asian is the largest population while the second largest population identified as White in Arcadia. Overall, El Monte had the largest percentage of persons, of any race, who reported Hispanic or Latino (65.7 percent) and the second lowest percentage of persons who reported White (39.9 percent). Persons who reported Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander counted as less than two percent in all jurisdictions as shown in Table 2-3. Overall, the racial and ethnic compositions of each city and the County of Los Angeles vary in many aspects, however groups such as American Indian and Alaska Native as well as Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander make up small portions of all populations in Arcadia and its neighboring jurisdictions.

White Black
American
Indian
and
Alaska
Native
Asian
Native
Hawaiian
or Other
Pacific
Islander
Some
Other
Race
Two or
More
Races
Hispanic
or Latino
(of any
race)
Arcadia 30.70% 2.70% 0.40% 64.20% 0.70% 4.90% 3.50% 11.10% Los Angeles County 54.40% 9.20% 1.60% 16.30% 0.60% 22.20% 4.00% 48.50%

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%
Arcadia Los Angeles County

Section 2: Community Profile 2-6

Table 2-3: Racial/Ethnic Composition, 2019
Jurisdiction White Black
American
Indian
and
Alaska
Native
Asian
Native
Hawaiian
or Other
Pacific
Islander
Some
Other
Race
Two
or
More
Races

Hispanic
or Latino
(of any
race)
Monrovia 67.80% 6.80% 2.50% 17.10% 1.30% 11.00% 5.80% 41.10% Pasadena 54.60% 10.50% 1.20% 19.60% 0.50% 19.00% 4.90% 34.90% Arcadia 30.70% 2.70% 0.40% 64.20% 0.70% 4.90% 3.50% 11.10% El Monte 39.90% 0.90% 3.20% 29.10% 1.00% 29.40% 3.30% 65.70% Los Angeles
County 54.40% 9.20% 1.60% 16.30% 0.60% 22.20% 4.00% 48.50% Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019 The Census and the 2019 ACS report significant changes in Arcadia’s racial and ethnic demographics from 2010 to 2019, displayed below in Table 2-4. The Asian population makes up the largest racial/ethnic group within Arcadia. The perc entage of population reported Asian increased about 7.13 percent from 2010 to 2015 and another 6 percent from 2015 to 2019. The largest growth experienced in a population is shown in the Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander population, which grew from 94 persons in 2010 to 418 persons in 2019 (over 344 percent change), however it should be noted that smaller group’s growth rates increase more quickly as individuals move into the group. The population reported as Some Other Race experienced an increase (20.98 percent increase) through 2015, then a 29.53 percent decrease through 2019. Persons of any race who reported Hispanic or Latino increased by 6.62 percent in the five years from 2010 to 2015 and decreased by 10 percent through 2019. There were two groups that experienced all around decreases in their populations from 2010 through 2019 —American Indian and Alaska Native as well as White. The American Indian and Alaska Native population experienced a population decline of 28.2 percent from 2010 to 2019. The data shows that the population which identified as White decreased 4.84 percent from 2010 to 2015, and also decreased by 4.59 percent growth from 2015 to 2019 (from 18,726 to 17,866 individuals). Over all, many of the rac ial and ethnic groups are growing in Arcadia with a few exceptions. The Asian population has been the largest racial group within the City from 2010 and remains the dominant group as of 2019.

Table 2-4: Racial/Ethnic Composition, 2019
Race/Ethnicity 2010 2015 2019
Percent
Change
2010 to
2015
Percent
Change
2015 to
2019
White 19,679 18,726 17,866 -4.84% -4.59%
Black 654 1,069 1,573 63.46% 47.15%
American Indian and
Alaska Native
344 255 247 - 25.87% -3.14%
Asian 32,853 35,194 37,307 7.13% 6.00%

Section 2: Community Profile 2-7

Native Hawaiian or Other
Pacific Islander 94 271 418 188.30% 54.24%
Some Other Race 3,322 4,019 2,832 20.98% -29.53%
Two or More Races 1,132 1,870 2,012 65.19% 7.59%
Hispanic or Latino 6,725 7,170 6,453 6.62% -10.00%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2010, 2015, and 2019.

22. Economic Characteristics
Reporting and analyzing economic characteristics of a community is an important component of the Housing Element. The data provides valuable insight into Arcadia’s ability to access the housing market as well as identifies financial restraints consistent with housing needs and accommodations. Incomes associated with different types of employment and the number of workers in a household affect housing affordability and choice. Therefore, to consider a healthy balance between jobs and housing, it is important to consider the employment characteristics of a community. Local employment growth is linked to local housing demand, with the reverse being true when employment rates decrease.

A. Employment and Wage Scale
For a City to achieve a healthy balance between jobs and housing, it is important to consider employment, wage and occupational characteristics and growth changes. The SCAG Growth Forecast Report estimates a large range of employment growth for the City of Arcadia and nearby cities. The data is shown in Table 2-5. From 2016 to 2045 the County of Los Angeles is expected to gain 51,000 jobs, an 18.95 percent increase. From 2016 to 2045, Arcadia’s employment is expected to grow by 10.74 percent, creating 3,500 jobs. Nearby cities such as Pasadena and El Monte are expected to outpace Arcadia’s employment growth from 2016 to 2045 (20.65 percent and 21.24 percent respectively). Increased employment in Arcadia and the surrounding jurisdictions could indicates an opportunity to look at mixed-use development, particularly near transit centers that connect to jurisdictions with growing employment centers.

Table 2-5: Employment Growth (2016-2045)
Jurisdiction 2016
Projected
2045
Projected
% Change
2016-2045
Numeric Change
2016-2045
Monrovia 22,700 24,800 9.25% 2,100
Pasadena 116,200 140,200 20.65% 24,000
Arcadia 32,600 36,100 10.74% 3,500
El Monte 30,600 37,100 21.24% 6,500
Los Angeles
County 269,100 320,100 18.95% 51,000
Source: SCAG 2016-2040 Regional Growth Forecast by Jurisdiction Report.

Analyzing the employment by sector in a city is important in understanding growth changes, income and wages, access to different types of housing, as well as what housing needs maybe be present. Table 2-6 displays the data for employment by sector for the City of Arcadia in both 2010 and 2019. The table shows that the largest percentage of employed persons in Arcadia work in education services, healthcare, and social assistance industries (22.57 percent in 2010 and 23.31 percent in 2019). Professional, scientific, management, and administrative services make up the second largest group of employment in Arcadia, however from 2010 through 2019, there has been a slight decline of persons participating in these fields.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-8

Persons working in finance and insurance as well as real estate and rental housing are the third largest employment groups in Arcadia in 2010 and remain as such through 2019. Both manufacturing and retail trade industries employ a fairly large percentage of Arcadia, however, the data shows a decrease of 26.28 percent in retail trade from 2010 through 2019. The City of Arca dia has a relatively high income with a median income about 38 percent higher than the County’s median income (see Table 2-15). Arcadia’s high median income could be due to the higher percentage of persons employed in education, professional, health care, and management industries.

Table 2-6: Employment by Sector (2010 & 2019)
Industry Sector
2010 2019 Percent
Change
2010-2019
# of people
employed
% of City
Employment
# of
people
employed
% of City
Employment
Agriculture, forestry,
fishing and hunting, and
mining
40 0.15% 101 0.38% 152.50%
Construction 919 3.44% 864 3.28% -5.98%
Manufacturing 2091 7.82% 2,363 8.98% 13.01%
Wholesale trade 1987 7.43% 1,984 7.54% -0.15%
Retail trade 2698 10.09% 1,989 7.56% -26.28%
Transportation and
warehousing, and
utilities
915 3.42% 1,479 5.62% 61.64%
Information 789 2.95% 806 3.06% 2.15%
Finance and insurance,
and real estate and
rental leasing
3286 12.29% 2,775 10.55% -15.55%
Professional, scientific,
management, and
administrative services
3770 14.10% 3,612 13.73% -4.19%
Education services,
health care, and social
assistance
6035 22.57% 6,131 23.31% 1.59%
Arts, entertainment,
recreation,
accommodation, and
food services
2291 8.57% 2,081 7.91% -9.17%
Other services (except
public administration)
1057 3.95% 1,015 3.86% -3.97%
Public Administration 865 3.23% 1,107 4.21% 27.98%
Total 26,743 100.00% 34,867 100.00% 30.38%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2010 and 2019.

In addition to reporting and analyzing employment sector trends, analyzing the unemployment rate is essential to understanding current housing affordability and needs, as well as projected needs. Economists identify a 3.5 to 4.5 percent unemployment as natural, in that it reflects the real voluntary economic forces

Section 2: Community Profile 2-9

within a City. 1 According to the ACS data, ( Table 2-7 ) in 2019, Arcadia experi enced a 2.7 percent unemployment rate, slightly lower than the County’s 3.9 percent unemployment rate. Both Pasadena and El Monte had higher unemployment rates in 2019 compared to Arcadia (2.8 and 3.8 percent respectively).

Arcadia had one of the lowest unemployment rates in the area in 2019.

Table 2-7: Unemployment Rate, 2019
Jurisdiction Unemployment rate
Monrovia 4.0%
Pasadena 2.8%
Arcadia 2.7%
El Monte 3.8%
Los Angeles County 3.9%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019. *Population 16 years and over
Table 2-8 displays the average annual wage for occupations compiled by the California Employment Development Department (EDD) for the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Statistical Area in 2021. The median income for the City is $93,574 (See Table 2-14). Management, Legal, and Healthcare Practitioners and Technical occupations were among the highest paying professions in the region. Additionally, occupations such as Architecture and Engineering as well as Computer and Mathematical occupations offer above median income pay. Life, Physical, and Social Science occupations offer just below median income salaries and are among the more common occupations in Arcadia.

Table 2-8: Mean Salary by Occupation in Los Angeles County, 2021 Occupation Salary
Management $140,550
Legal $137,750
Healthcare Practitioners and Technical $105,055
Architecture and Engineering $104,271
Computer and Mathematical $104,033
Life, Physical and Social Sciences $94,890
Business and Financial Operations $87,545
Education, Training and Library $75,433
Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports and Media $90,874
Construction and Extraction $64,680
Protective Services $67,082
Community and Social Service $64,145
Installation, Maintenance and Repair $60,025
Sales $51,016
Office and Administration Support $48,540

1 Natural Rate of Unemployment, Its Components, and Recent Trends, Kimberly Amadeo, ed. Eric Estevez, August 30, 2020

Section 2: Community Profile 2-10

Production $43,266
Transportation and Material Moving $45,165
Healthcare Support $36,196
Building, Grounds Cleaning, and Maintenance $40,449
Personal Care and Service $41,313
Farming, Fishing and Forestry $37,535
Food Preparation and Serving Related $34,405
Source: California Employment Development Division, Occupational Wage data, 2020.

3. Household Characteristics
A household is considered all persons who occupy one housing unit, as defined by the Census; this may include single persons living alone, families related through marriage, blood or adoption, domestic partnerships and unrelated individuals living together. Nursing facilities, residential care facilities, dormitories, and other group living situations are not considered a housing unit.

Information on household characteristics is important in analyzing and understanding growth and determining the housing needs of a community. Income and affordability are best measured at the household level, as well as the special needs of certain groups, such as large families, single parent households, or low and extremely low income households. For example, if a City has a prominent aging population, who are homeowners but live on fixed incomes, it may consider implementing a home beautification assistance program.

A. Household Type
Table 2-9 displays American Community Survey data from 2019 reporting household characteristics for Arcadia and nearby juris dictions. The ACS reporte d that the majority of households in Arcadia were married-couple family households (58 percent). All other surrounding jurisdictions have somewhat lower proportions of married fa mily households when compar ed to Arcadia. Non-fam ily households, which includes persons living in the same house who are not related, such as roommates, made up about 20 percent of all households in Arcadia in 2019. Female-headed households made up approximately 16.63 percent of total households in Arcadia. El Monte has a slightly high er proportion of female-headed households than Arcadia, however, the other surrounding jurisdictions, including Los Angeles County, have lower proportions of female-headed households in their overall household types. Overall, Arcadia’s breakdown of household characteristics is similar to surrounding jurisdictions and the County of Los Angeles.

Table 2-9: Household Characteristics (2019)
Jurisdictio
n
Married-
couple
Family
Household
s
% of Total
Household
s
Female-
headed
Household
, No
Spouse
Present
% of Total
Household
s
Non-
Family
Household
% of Total
Household
s
Total
Household
s
Monrovia 5,840 45.17% 1,964 15.19% 4,165 32.22% 12,928
Pasadena 22,980 41.61% 5,722 10.36% 23,983 43.43% 55,224

Section 2: Community Profile 2-11

Arcadia 11,357 58.18% 3,246 16.63% 3,931 20.14% 19,520
El Monte 14,672 49.05% 5,803 19.40% 5,950 19.89% 29,913 Los
Angeles
County
1,495,658 45.09% 488,776 14.74% 1,105,85
6 33.34% 3,316,795
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Table 2-10 displays the changes in household types in Arcadia from 2010 to 2019. In 2010, the ACS estimated about 59 percent of all households to be married-couple family households, and this number remained nearly identical over the decade. Non-family households saw a decrease from 23.87 percent in 2010 to 20.14 percent in 2019, and female headed households increased from 12.58 percent in 2010 to

16.63 percent in 2019. Overall, total households in Arcadia increased moderately from an estimated 18,983 to an estimated 19,520 over the course of nine years.

Table 2-10: Changes in Household Types
Household Types 2010 Percent 2015 Percent 2019 Percent
Married-couple
Family Households 11,225 59.13% 11,494 58.77% 11,357 58.18% Female headed
Household, No
Spouse Present
2,388 12.58% 2,561 13.09% 3,246 16.63%
Nonfamily
Household 4,531 23.87% 4,482 22.92% 3,931 20.14%
Total Households 18,983 100.00% 19,559 100.00% 19,520 100.0% Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2010, 2015, 2019.

B. Household Size
Household size is an indicator of both population growth and the character of households. Average household size can be both a result and indicator of housing affordability and other household economic conditions, and it is important in understanding housing needs. Overcrowding is a result of having inadequate space for a household and considered a burden on a household; therefore, cities must analyze their average person per household size to appropriately respond to the type of housing needs in their community.

Table 2-11 displays the average household size for Arcadia as well as surrounding jurisdictions and the County of Los Angeles. According to the ACS 2019 estimates, Arcadia’s average household size in 2019 was 2.95. Nearby jurisdictions had a range of 2.49 persons per household in Pasadena, to 3.82 persons per household in El Monte. The County of Los Angeles averaged an estimated 2.99 persons per household.

Overall, the City of Arcadia was not demonstrated as an outlier, hav ing an average household size consistent with neighboring cities and the County.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-12

Table 2-12 depicts the SCAG 2016 to 2045 Final Growth Forecast expected growth in Arcadia and surrounding jurisdic tions. From 2016 to 2045, Arcadia is project ed to experience a 16.84 percent in household growth. Among surrounding jurisdictions, El Monte is expected to experience the most population growth followed by Arcadia. The growth rates of Pasadena and Monrov ia are lower at 5.94 percent and 10.87 percent respectively. Overall, Los Angeles County can expect a 24.10 percent increase in total households, from 3,319,000 in 2016 to 4,119,000 by 2045.

C. Household Income
Household income is directly connected to affordability; as household income increases, it is more likely that the household can afford market rate housing units, larger units, and/or can pursue ownership opportunities. As household income decreases, households tend to pay a disproportionate amount of their income for housing. This may inf luence increased incidence of overcrowding and substandard living conditions.

The California State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) has identified the following income categories based on the Area Median Income (AMI) of Los Angeles County; • Extremely Low income: households earning up to 30 percent of the AMI • Very Low income: households earning between 31 and 50 percent of the AMI • Low income: households earning between 51 percent and 80 percent of the AMI • Moderate Income: households earning between 81 percent and 120 percent of the AMI • Above Moderate Income: households earning over 120 percent of the AMI Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) estimates based on 2013-2017 ACS data is used below. The extremely low, very low, and low income groups are combined and referred to as lower income Table 2-11: Average Household Size
Jurisdiction Average Persons per Household
Monrovia 2.83
Pasadena 2.49
Arcadia 2.95
El Monte 3.82
Los Angeles County 2.99
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Table 2-12: Household Growth Forecast, 2016-2045
Jurisdiction 2016 2045 Percent Change from 2016 - 2045
El Monte 27,500 36,300 24.82%
Pasadena 56,300 65,100 5.94%
Arcadia 19,600 22,400 16.84%
Monrovia 14,000 16,700 10.87%
Los Angeles County 3,319,000 4,119,000 24.10%
Source: SCAG 2016-2040 Final Growth Forecast by Jurisdiction Report.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-13

in the sites analysis as these categories qualify as needing affordable housing, however each category is analyzed individually here. 2 In 2017, approximately 71.363.58 percent of Arcadia households earned moderate to above moderate incomes (Table 2-13), while the remaining 28.736.42 percent had incomes in the extremely low, very low and low income categories. There were more homeowners in the City than renters, and homeowners typically fell within higher income brackets than lower income earners. Renter income distribution was fairly even throughout the lowest three categories, however there were a large number of renters in the Moderate and Above Moderate categories. Overall, most people living in Arcadia earned within the Moderate and Above Moderate bracket and were homeowners.

Table 2-13: Households by Income Category in Arcadia, 2017 Income Category (% of
County AMI)
Households Percent Total Households
Owner Renter Owner Renter
Extremely Low (30%
AMI or less)
1,020 1,495 5.25% 7.69% 2,515
Very Low (31 to 50%
AMI) 970 1,145 4.99% 5.89% 2,115
Low (51 to 80% AMI) 1,275 1,180 6.56% 6.07% 2,455
Moderate or Above
(over 80% AMI) 8,450 3,910 43.47% 20.11% 12,360
Total 11,715 7,730 60.26% 39.76% 19,440
Source: Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), 2013-2017.

Household income is a good measure of a community’s affordability levels. The median household income in Arcadia is approximately 37 percent higher than the median income in Los Angeles County (see Figure 2-4 and Table 2-14). While Arcadia’s income is significantly higher than the County’s, it is comparable to the neighboring City of Pasadena’s median income of $83,068. Arcadia’s median income is significantly higher than El Monte and Monrovia. Overall, Arcadia has a higher income than the surrounding jurisdictions analyzed and Los Angeles County.

2 Federal housing and community development programs typically assist households with incomes up to 80 percent of the AMI and use different terminology. For example, the Federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program refers households with incomes between 51 and 80 percent AMI as moderate income (compared to low income based on State definition).

Section 2: Community Profile 2-14

Figure 2-4: Median Household Income by City (2013-2017)

Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Table 2-14: Median Household Income
Jurisdiction Median Income Percent Above/Below
Regional Median
Monrovia $77,111 13.33%
Pasadena $83,068 22.08%
Arcadia $93,574 37.52%
El Monte $49,003 -27.98%
Los Angeles County $68,044 0.00%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Figure 2-5 shows that more than half the households in Arcadia (60 percent) had an income of $75,000 or higher. Of the households which made more than $75,000 per year, the majority had a household income above $100,000 per year in 2019, with 16.7 percent households making $200,000 or more and 11.3 percent of households making $150,000 to 199,999. About thirteen percent of households made less than $24,000, and about 15 percent made $25,000 to $49,999. Overall, the majority of Arcadia’s households have moderate to high incomes.

$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
$80,000
$90,000
$100,000
Monrovia Pasadena Arcadia El Monte
Median Income Los Angeles County Median Income

Section 2: Community Profile 2-15

Figure 2-5: Arcadia Income Breakdown by Category

Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

33. Housing Problems
The Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strate gy (CHAS) developed by the Census Bureau for the Department of Housing and Urban Development provides detailed information on housing needs by income level for different types of households in Los Angeles County including the City of Arcadia. The most recent available CHAS data for Los Angeles was published in August 2019 and was based on 2013-2017 ACS data. Housing problems considered by CHAS include:
• Units with physical defects (lacking complete kitchen or bathroom); • Overcrowded conditions (housing units with more than one person per room); • Housing cost burdens, including utilities, exceeding 30 percent of gross income; or • Severe housing cost burdens, including utilities, exceeding 50 percent of gross income.

The types of problems in Arcadia vary according to household income, type, and tenure (Table 2-15). These include:
• In general, owner-households had a lower rate of reported housing problems with just 18.86 percent reporting a housing problem and 38.44 percent reporting no housing problem. • Approximately 20 percent of renters reported a housing problem and 17.86 percent reported no problems.

Less than $10,000
6%
$10,000 to $14,999
2%
$15,000 to $24,999
5%
$25,000 to $34,999
6%
$35,000 to $49,999
9%
$50,000 to $74,999
12%
$75,000 to $99,999
13%
$100,000 to $149,999
19%
$150,000 to $199,999
11%
$200,000 or more
17%

Section 2: Community Profile 2-16

• Additionally, about 13 percent of renters reported a severe housing problem and just over 11 percent of owners reported a severe housing problem.
• Overall, renters were disproportionately affected by any housing problems in the City of Arcadia.

Table 2-15: Housing Assistance Needs of Lower Income Households Housing Problem
Overview* Owner % of
total HH Renter % of
total HH Total % of
total HH
Household has at
least 1 of 4 Housing
Problems
3,770 18.86% 3,955 19.78% 7,725 38.64%
Household has none
of 4 Housing
Problems
7,684 38.44% 3,570 17.86% 11,255 56.30%
Cost Burden not
available, no other
problems

260 1.30% 205 1.03% 465 2.33%
Total 11,715 58.60% 7,730 38.67% 19,990 100.00%
Severe Housing
Problem Overview** Owner % of
total HH Renter % of
total HH Total % of
total HH
Household has at
least 1 of 4 Severe
Housing Problems
2,190 11.27% 2,475 12.73% 4,665 24.00%
Household has none
of 4 Severe Housing
Problems

9,265 47.66% 5,045 25.95% 14,310 73.61%
Cost Burden not
available, no other
problems
260 1.34% 205 1.05% 465 2.39%
Total 11,715 64.40% 7,730 35.60% 19,440 100.00%
Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) 2012-2016.

Note: “% of total HH”= Percent of total Households in the City of Arcadia * The four housing problems are: incomplete kitchen facilities, incomplete plumbing facilities, more than 1 person per room, and cost burden greater than 30%.
** The four severe housing problems are: incomplete kitchen facilities, incomplete plumbing facilities, more than

1.5 persons per room, and cost burden greater than 50%.

A. Overcrowding
A combination of low incomes and high housing costs forces households to live in overcrowded conditions. “Overcrowding” is generally defined as a housing unit occupied by more than one person per room in a

Section 2: Community Profile 2-17

house (including living room and dining rooms, but excluding hallways, kitchen, and bathrooms). An overcrowded household results from either a lack of affordable housing (which forces more than one household to live togethe r) and/or a lack of available housing units of adequat e size. Ove rcrowding can indicate that a community does not have an adequate supply of affordable housing, especially for large families.

Overcrowded and severely ov ercrowded households can lead to neighbor hood deterioration due to the intensive use of individual housing units leading to excessive wear and tear, and the potential cumulative overburdening of comm unity infrastructure and service capacity. Furthermo re, overcro wding in neighborhoods can lead to an overall decline in social cohesion and environmental quality. Such decline can often spread geographically and impact the quality of life and the economic value of property and the vitality of commerce within a city. The combination of lower incomes and high housing costs result in many households living in overcrowded housing conditions.

Table 2-16: Overcrowding by Tenure in Arcadia
Tenure
Overcrowded Housing Units
(1.0 to 1.50 persons/room)
Severely Overcrowded
Housing Units
(>1.51 persons/room)
Total Overcrowded
Occupied Housing Units
Count
Percent of Total
Overcrowded
Housing Units
Count
Percent of Total
Overcrowded
Housing Units
Count
Percent of Total
Overcrowded
Housing Units
Owner
Occupied
131 17.82% 69 9.39% 200 27.21%
Renter
Occupied 419 57.01% 116 15.78% 535 72.79%
Total 550 74.83% 185 25.17% 735 100%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Table 2-16, above, displays data for overcrowding in Arcadia by tenure (homeowner or renter) in 2019. The ACS reported a total of 735 overcrowded and severely overcrowded units in Arcadia in 2019. Out of allOf allthe overcrowded units, 185, or 25.17 percent were severely overcrowded. Additionally, renters were more often disproportionately affected by overcrowding than homeowners as nearly 73 percent of all overcrowded and severely overcrowded units were occupied by renters. Although these numbers appear high, overcrowded units make up 3.8 percent of total households in Arcadia (735 households out of 19,520).

Table 2-17 , below, compares overcrowding in Arcadia to nearby Jurisdict ions and the County of Los Angeles. According to the data, Pasadena experienced the highest rate of overcrowding for renters and the lowest for homeowners. Addit ionally, Arcadia was the only City with lower overcr owding for renters and higher overcrowding for homeowners than the County’s averages for owner occupied units and for renter occupied units. All other cities compared had a higher overcrowding rate for renters and a lower overcrowding rate for owner occupied units than the County. However, it should be noted that Arcadia has the one of the lowest amounts of overcrowded units overall, only second to Monrovia.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-18

Table 2-17: Overcrowded Housing Units by Tenure
Jurisdiction
Owner Occupied Overcrowded
Units
(>1.0 persons/room)
Renter Occupied Overcrowded
Units
(>1.0 persons/room)
Count
Percent of Total
Overcrowded
Units
Count
Percent of Total
Overcrowded
Units
Monrovia 134 19.56% 551 80.44%
Pasadena 472 15.61% 2,552 84.39%
Arcadia 200 27.21% 535 72.79%
El Monte 1,215 21.08% 4,550 78.92%
Los Angeles
County 86,661 22.48% 298,761 77.52%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

B. Overpayment (Cost Burden) In Relationship to Income
State and federal standards indicate that a household paying more than 30 percent of its income for housing is overpaying. Overpayment for housing can cause an imbalance on the remainder of a household’s budget.

Understanding and measuring overpayment for housing in a community is an indicator of the dynamics of demand and supply.

Per the Housing and Urban Development CHAS report, shown in Table 2-18, 11,075 households in Arcadia experienced some type of overpayment.
3 Table 2-18 describes the relationship between overpayment and a household’s income. It is shown that families that have a lower household income (those below 50 of the HAMFI), are more likely to experience overpayment for housing, most likely because it takes a larger portion of their income. Approximately 56 percent of renter households that make less than 30 percent of the median income experience a cost burden of greater than 50 percent when paying for housing. The data in Table 2-18 shows that cost burden is more intense for renters in the lower income categories, however when household income increases, home owners are more highly affected. The general pattern is that the amount of households that experience high cost burdens (over 50 percent) decreases as incomes increase.

3 11,765 may double count households who reported a cost burden, for example a household may have a 50 percent cost burden and reported both a 30 percent and a 50 percent cost burden.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-19

Lower cost burdens, those less than 30 percent of a household’s income , generally dip down and then increase when the household income reaches 100 percent of the average.

Table 2-18: Summary of Housing Overpayment
Income by
Cost
Burden*
Owner Renter
Total Cost
Burden
> 30%
% of
Owner
HH
Cost
Burden
> 50%
% of
Owner
HH
Cost
Burden
> 30%
% of
Renter
HH
Cost
Burden
> 50%
% of
Renter
HH
Household
Income is
less-than
or = 30%
725 20.28% 575 29.04% 1,120 31.46% 1,100 56.12% 3,520
Household
Income
>30% to
less
-than
or = 50%
HAMFI
605 16.92% 455 22.98% 1,095 30.76% 655 33.42% 2,810
Household
Income
>50% to
less
-than
or = 80%
HAMFI
605 16.92% 470 23.74% 775 21.77% 170 8.67% 2,020
Household
Income
>80% to
less
-than
or = 100%
HAMFI
220 6.15% 135 6.82% 175 4.92% 35 1.79% 565
Household
Income
>100%
HAMFI
1,420 39.72% 345 17.42% 395 11.10% 0 0 2,160
Total 3,575 - 1,980 - 3,560 - 1,960 - 11,075
Source: Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) 2013-2017.
* Cost burden is the ratio of housing costs to household income. For renters, housing cost is gross rent (contract rent plus utilities). For owners, housing cost is "select monthly owner costs", which includes mortgage payment, utilities, association fees, insurance, and real estate taxes.

Note: HAMFI = HUD Area Median Family Income, this is the median family income calculated by HUD for each jurisdiction, to determine Fair Market Rents (FMRs) and income limits for HUD programs. HAMFI will not necessarily be the same as other calculations of median incomes (such as a simple Census number), due to a series of adjustments that are made.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-20

44. Special Needs Groups
Certain households may have more difficulty in finding adequate and affordable housing due to special circumstances, therefore, it is important to understand the demographics of persons with special needs to recognize how it influences the housing needs within a community. Special needs populations include seniors, persons with disabilities, female-headed households, large households, and farmworkers. In addition, many often have lower incomes because of their conditions. Table 2-19 displays the data for persons with special needs in Arcadia and Los Angeles County in the case of farmworkers.

Table 2-19: Special Needs Groups
Special Needs Groups # of People or
Households
Households with Seniors (65 years and over)* 7,202
Seniors Living Alone 1,694
Persons with Disabilities 10,062
Person with developmental disabilities 7,896
Large Households (5 or more persons per household) 2,179 Single-Parent Households 4,232
Single-Parent, Female Headed Households with Children (under 18 years)
3,246
People Living in Poverty 5,486
Farmworkers** 3,266
Migrant 22
Permanent 1,749
Seasonal -
Homeless 106
Students 4,200
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019 Los Angeles Point in Time Count, 2020.
*This number represents the number of individual households that house seniors, not the number of individual seniors within these households.
**Farmworkers in LA County
A. Seniors
The senior population, generally defined as those 65 years of age and over, have several concerns that impact housing, including limited and fixed incomes, high health care costs, transit dependency, and living alone. Specific housing needs of the senior population include affordable housing, supportive housing (such as intermediate care facilities), group homes, and other housing that includes a planned service component.

A limited income for many seniors often makes it difficult to find affordable housing. Table 2-20 compares Arcadia’s senior population to Los An geles County and nearby cities. The data reports than in Arcadia

19.08 percent of the population is age 65 or over, or a total of 11,095 persons. Among the senior population, 1,694 live alone, and 7,202 households have persons 65 years and over living in them (see Table 2-19).

In 2019, the ACS reported 13.25 percent of Los Angeles County’s population to be age 65 or over, consistent with su rrounding jurisdiction senior population. The highest se nior population being Arcadia (19.08 percent), and the County having the lowest (13.25 percent).

Section 2: Community Profile 2-21

Table 2-20: Persons Age 65 and Over
Jurisdiction Population Count Percent
Monrovia 5,101 13.86%
Pasadena 22,536 15.95%
Arcadia 11,095 19.08%
El Monte 15,558 13.47%
Los Angeles County 1,335,978 13.25%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

In addition to overpayment problems experienced by seniors, due to relatively fixed incomes, many seniors experience various disabilities and self-care limitations. Approximately 5,626 seniors in Arcadia identified one or more disabilities in 2019, according to the ACS. Among these disabilities, the most common were ambulatory disabilities and independent living difficulty.

B. Persons with Physical and Developmental Disabilities Physical and developmental disabilities can hinder access to traditionally designed housing units as well as potentially limit the ability to earn adequate income. Physical, mental, and/or developmental disabilities may deprive a person from earning income, restrict mobility, or make self-care difficult. Thus, persons with disabilities often have special housing needs related to limited earning capacity, a lack of accessible and affordable housing, and higher health costs associated with a disability. Additionally, some residents suffer from disabilities that require living in a supportive or institutional setting.

Although no current comparisons of disability with income, household size, or race/ethnicity are available, it is reasonable to assume that a portion of persons with disabilities would have annual incomes within Federal and State income limits, especially those households not in the labor force. Furthermore, many lower income persons with disabilities are likely to require housing assistance and services. Housing needs for disabled persons are compounded by design issues and location factors, which can often be costly. For example, special needs of households with wheelchair-bound or semi-ambulatory individuals may require ramps, holding bars, special bathroom designs, wider doorways, lower cabinets, elevators, and other interior and exterior design features.

Housing opportunities for persons with disabilities can be addressed through the provision of affordable, barrier-free housing. Rehabilitation assistance can be targeted toward renters and homeowners with disabilities for unit modification to improve accessibility. The American Community Survey (ACS) identifies six disability types: hearing disability, vision disability, cognitive disability, ambulatory disability, self-care disability and independent living disability. The Census and the ACS provide clarifying questions to determine persons with disabilities and differentiate disabilities within the population. The ACS defines a disability as a report of one of the six disabilities identified by the following questions:
• Hearing Disability: Is this person deaf or does he/she have serious difficulty hearing? • Visual Disability: Is this person blind or do they have serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses?
• Cognitive Difficulty: Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, does this person have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions?

Section 2: Community Profile 2-22

• Ambulatory Difficulty: Does this person have serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs? • Self-Care Difficulty: Does this person have difficulty dressing or bathing? • Independent Living Difficulty: Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, does this person have difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping?

According to the 2019 ACS, about 17 percent of Arcadia’s populations reported one or more disabilities as shown in Table 2-21. Of that 17 percent, persons with ambulatory difficulty comprised the highest percent (26.43 percent), persons with an independent Living Difficulty were the second largest group (21.53 percent), and the population with a Self-care Difficulty comprised about 15.51 percent of people with disabilities. Overall, persons over the age of 65 were more likely to have a reported disability. For the population under the age of 18, the most common reported disability was cognitive disabilities. Similarly, for those between the ages of 18 and 65, the most common reported disabilities were cognitive difficulty, ambulatory difficulty, and independent living difficulty.

Table 2-21: Disability Status
Disability Type
Under 18
with a
Disability
18 to 64
with a
Disability
65 years
and Over
with a
Disability
Total
Percent of
Population
with Disability
Percent of
Total
Population
Population with a
Hearing Difficulty
19 273 1,152 1,444 14.35% 2.49%
Population with a
Vision Difficulty
34 280 388 702 6.98% 1.21%
Population with a
Cognitive Difficulty
213 689 628 1,530 15.21% 2.64%
Population with an
Ambulatory
Difficulty
84 628 1,947 2,659 26.43% 4.59%
Population with a
Self-care Difficulty
140 376 1045 1,561 15.51% 2.69%
Population with an
independent Living
Difficulty
-- 633 1,533 2,166 21.53% 3.74%
Total 490 2879 6693 10062 100.00% 17.37%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019. *This number may double count as some persons report having one or more disabilities, therefore this total number differs from the total number of persons with a disability in Table 2-18.

State law requires that the Housing Element discuss the housing needs of persons with developmental disabilities. As defined by federal law, “developmental disability” means a severe, chronic disability of an individual that:
• Is attributable to a mental or physical impairment or combination of mental and physical impairments; • Is manifested before the individual attains age 22;

Section 2: Community Profile 2-23

• Is likely to continue indefinitely;
• Results in substantial functional limitations in three or more of the following areas of major life activity:
a) self-care; b) receptive and expressive language; c) learning; d) mobility; e) self-direction; f) capacity for independent living; or g) economic self- sufficiency; and • Reflects the individual’s need for a combination and sequence of special, interdisciplinary, or generic services, individualized supports, or other forms of assistance that are of lifelong or extended duration and are individually planned and coordinated.

Per Section 4512 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, a "developmental disability" means a disability that originates before an individual attains the age of 18, continues, or can be expected to continue, indefinitely, and constitutes a substantial disability for that individual. A developmental disability includes intellectual disability, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and autism. This term also includes disabling conditions found to be closely related to intellectual disability or to require treatment like that required for individuals with intellectual disability. This term does not include other handicapping conditions that are solely physical in nature.

According to the San Gabriel/Pomona Regional Center – Disparity Data Report for 2017-2018, a total of 14,809 individuals from the San Gabriel Valley diagnosed with developmental disabilities received services.

Of those who received services, 17.5 percent were White, 12.2 percent were Asian, 5.3 percent were Black/African American, and 8.4 percent reported Other. Approximately 56.4 percent of individuals reported their ethnicity as Hispanic or Latino.4
Many people with developmental disabilities can live and work independently within a conventional housing environment. Individuals with more severe developmental disabilities require a group living environment where supervision is provided. The most severely affected individuals may require an institutional environment where medical attention and physical therapy are provided. Because developmental disabilities exist before adulthood, the first issue in supportive housing for persons with developmental disabilities is the transition fr om the person’s living situation as a child to an appropriate level of independence as an adult.

There are several housing types appropriate for people living with a development disability: rent subsidized homes, licensed and unlicensed single-family homes, inclusionary housing, Section 8 vouchers, special programs for home purchase, HUD housing, and SB 962 (veterans) homes. The design of housing- accessibility modifications, the proximity to services and transit, and the availability of group living opportunities represent some of the types of considerations that are important in serving the needs of this group. Incorporating ‘barrier -free’ design in all, new multi -family housing (as required by California and Federal Fair Housing laws) is especially important to provide the widest range of choices for residents with disabilities. Special consideration should also be given to the affordability of housing, as people with disabilities may be living on a fixed income.

C. Large Households
Large Households are defined as households consisting of five or more persons. Such households comprise a special needs groups because many communities have a limited supply of adequately sized and affordable housing units. To save for other necessities such as food, clothing and medical care, it is

4 https://www.sgprc.org/home/showpublisheddocument?id=3571

Section 2: Community Profile 2-24

common for lower income large households to reside in smaller units with an inadequate number of bedrooms, which frequently results in overcrowding and can contribute to fast rates of deterioration.

Securing housing large enough to accommodate all members of a household is more challenging for renters, because multi-family rental units are typically smaller than single-family ownership units. While apartment complexes offering two and three bedrooms are common, apartments with four or more bedrooms are rare. It is more likely that a large family will experience overcrowding in comparison to smaller families. Additionally, throughout the region, larger single-family homes, whether to rent or own, are generally not affordable to most lower income households.

According to the ACS 2019 estimates, Arcadia had 2,179 large households. Of those large households, the largest group were five person households (7.3 percent of all large households). Table 2-22 also shows that, while there is a fairly even split of owner and renter large households, however homeowners were slightly more likely to have a household of five or more.

Table 2-22: Large Households (by Tenure)
Household Size
Owner Renter Total
Count Percent Count Percent Count Percent
5-Person Household 839 7.2% 590 7.5% 1,429 7.3%
6-person household 332 2.9% 76 0.7% 408 2.1%
7-or-more person
Households 212 1.8% 130 1.1% 342 1.8%
Total 1383 11.9% 796 6.9% 2,179 11.2%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

D. Single-Parent Households
Single-parent households often require special consideration and assistance due to their greater need for affordable and accessible day care, health care, and other supportive services. Many female-headed households with children are susceptible to having lower incomes than similar two-parent households.

Single mothers often face social marginalization pressures that often limit their occupational choices and income earning potential, housing options and access to supportive services.

According to the 2019 ACS, the majority of single parent households in Arcadia are female headed (4.576.7 percent) as shown in Table 2-23 below. Los Angeles County estimated about 5.168.3 percent of single parent homes headed by females. Overall, there were 881 649 female-headed, single parent households living below the pov erty level in Arcadia, about 20 4.5 percent of female-headed,all single parent households. The County of Los Angeles has a higher percent of female-headed single parent households living below the poverty line at 6.322.6 percent (211,462110,463 households).

Table 2-23: Single Parent Households
Jurisdiction Single Parent-Male, No
Spouse Present
Single Parent-Female, No
Spouse Present
Single Parent Female-
Lead Households Living
in Poverty

Section 2: Community Profile 2-25

Count % of Single
Parent HH Count % of Single
Parent HH Count
% of Single
Parent-
Female HH
Arcadia 2,356986 31.0923.3% 5,2223,246 68.9176.7% 6491,037 5.3020% Los Angeles
County
640,636226
,505

40.1461.67
%
488,776955
,444

59.8668.3% 211,462110
,463

6.3022.6%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

E. Farmworkers and Racetrack Workers
Farmworkers are traditionally defined as persons whose primary incomes are earned through permanent or seasonal agricultural labor. Permanent farm laborers work in the fields, processing plants, or support activities on a generally year-round basis. When workload increases during harvest periods, the labor force is supplemented by seasonal workers, often supplied by a labor contractor. For some crops, farms may hire migrant workers, defined as those whose travel prevents them from returning to their primary residence every evening. Farm workers have special housing needs because they earn lower incomes than many other workers and move throughout the year from one harvest location to the next.

The United States Department of Agriculture, National Agriculture Statistics provides data on hired farm labor across the United States. The data is compiled at both a state and county level. Within the County of Los Angeles, there were a total of 3,266 hired farm workers in 2017. A total of 1,749 are considered permanent, working 150 days or more and a total of 1,517 farmworkers were considered seasonal, working only 150 days or less. Additionally, the County of Los Angeles reported 395 total migrant farmworkers, 365 of which worked on farms with full time hired labor and 30 worked on farms with only contract labor.

While there are farmworkers in the County of Los Angeles, Tt he City of Arcadia does not have any agricultural land nor does the City house a population of farmworkers. The Santa Anita Racetrack in the City of Arcadia the presence of the Santa Anita Racetrack brings seasonal racetrack workers in to live and work on the site. The racetrack provides housing for those who work with horses, backstretch workers, and more. This is a special population that is unique to Arcadia and perhaps several additional cities in the State. The City has identified this group as a special needs population that faces challenges with regards to housing and living conditions However it is important to note the median annual earnings for occupations associated with farm work. The median income for the agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting, and mining industries in Arca dia is $36,516. The City’s median income is $93,574, thus the median income for farmworkers falls below 50 percent of the County’s median income and is considered a very low income population.

While the City of Arcadia does not have farmworkers due to the lack of agricultural land, the presence of the Santa Anita Racetrack brings seasonal racetrack workers in to live and work on the site. The racetrack provides hous ing for those who work with horse s, backstretch workers, and more. This is a special population that is unique to Arcadia and perhaps several additional cities in the State. The City has identified this group as a special needs population that faces challenges with regards to housing and living conditions.

F. Students
The college student population can be another factor in housing demand in the City. According to the 2019 5- year estimate there were a total of 3,216 enrolled undergraduate college students that reside in Arcadia

Section 2: Community Profile 2-26

and 984 enrolled graduate professional students. Combining the undergraduate and graduate enrolled population equates to 7.2 percent of the population of the City.

Arcadia is located near the Point Loma Nazarene University Arcadia Campus, Kingston College and California Institute of Technology. The 2019 ACS reported that an estimated 4,200 persons in Arcadia were enrolled in college or graduate school, about 7.2 percent of the population. While many of the City’s college students most likely reside with their parents, some students reside in Arcadia in their own independent housing. The City of Arcadia recognizes that affordability of housing may provide a burden on students in the City.

G. Extremely Low income Households and Poverty Status
The 2013-2017 CHAS data indicates there were approximately 2,115 very low income households living in the City of Arcadia. Very low income households are those households that earn 50 percent or less of the median family income (MFI) for Los Angeles County. Extremely low income households are those households, which earn less than 30 percent of the MFI. There are approximately 2,515 extremely low income hous eholds in Arcadia (r enters and owners). Table 2-24 below, includes data characterizing affordability and cost burden for various income groups. The four housing problems as identified by the 2013-2017 CHAS report are:
• Incomplete kitchen facilities
• Incomplete plumbing facilities
• More than 1 person per room, and
• Cost burden greater than 30%.

The four severe housing problems, as identified by the 2013-2017 CHAS report are:
• Incomplete kitchen facilities
• Incomplete plumbing facilities
• More than 1.5 persons per room, and
• Cost burden greater than 50%.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-27

Table 2-24: Housing Problems for All Households (by Income Category) Income Category
Owner
Household
has at least 1
of 4 Housing
Problems
% of
Owner
HH
Household
has none of
4 Housing
Problems
% of
Owner
HH
Cost Burden not
available, no
other Housing
Problem
% of
Owner
HH
Household Income is
less-than or = 30% 720 3.70% 40 0.21% 260 1.34%
Household Income >30%
to less-than or = 50%
HAMFI
605 3.11% 365 1.88% 0 0.00%
Household Income >50%
to less-than or = 80%
HAMFI
615 3.16% 660 3.39% 0 0.00%
Household Income >80%
to less-than or = 100%
HAMFI
215 1.11% 495 2.55% 0 0.00%
Household Income
>100% HAMFI 1,610 8.28% 6,130 31.52% 0 0.00%
Total 3,770 19.39% 7,685 39.52% 260 1.34%
Income Category
Renter
Household
has at least 1
of 4 Housing
Problems
% of
Renter
HH
Household
has none of
4 Housing
Problems
% of
Renter
HH
Cost Burden not
available, no
other Housing
Problem
% of
Renter
HH
Household Income is
less-than or = 30% 1,145 5.89% 145 0.75% 205 1.05%
Household Income >30%
to less-than or = 50%
HAMFI
1,095 5.63% 50 0.26% 0 0.00%
Household Income >50%
to less-than or = 80%
HAMFI
845 4.35% 335 1.72% 0 0.00%
Household Income >80%
to less-than or = 100%
HAMFI
285 1.47% 505 2.60% 0 0.00%
Household Income
>100% HAMFI 580 2.98% 2,530 13.01% 0 0.00%
Total 3,955 20.34% 3,570 18.36% 205 1.05%
Total Households
(Owner and Renter) 7,725 39.73% 11,255 57.88% 465 2.39% Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) 2013-2017.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-28

According to HCD extremely low income households are defined as households that earn 0 to 30 percent of the local annual m edian income (AMI). In Arcadia, the threshold is based on the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA HUD Metropolitan’s AMI. For a family or household of four people, the maximum amount of annual income in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA HUD Metropolitan Area is $35,450 to be considered extremely low income.
5 Table 2-25 below shows local, regional and statewide data regarding extremely low income households and their tenure. Arcadia has the lowest proportion of extremely low income households compared to the other jurisdictions. Los Angeles County has a higher proportion of extremely low income households in comparison to the State and City. It is more likely that an extremely low income household would own rather than rent housing in Arcadia than in the other jurisdictions. Although there is a higher rate of home ownership, there is a need for stable, affordable housing in the City.

Table 2-25: Extremely Low Income Households1 by Tenure

# of
Extremely
Low
Income
Owners
% of Total
Extremely
Low
Income HH
# of
Extremely
Low
Income
Renters
% of Total
Extremely
Low
Income HH
Total
Extremely
Low
Income HH
% of
Extremely
Low Income
HH in the
Jurisdiction
Arcadia 1,020 41% 1,495 59% 2,515 13%
Los
Angeles
County
136,760 21% 504,295 79% 641,055 19%
California 536,865 27% 1,424,685 73% 1,961,550 15%
Source: CHAS HUD. 2013-2017 data. Available at https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/cp.html. 1- ELI is defined as households that earn less up to 30 percent of AMI.

Table 2-26 shows cost burden for extremely low income households. The data shows 100 percent of ELI households experience some type of cost burden. Extremely low income families make up the largest group of people to experience a cost burden of greater than 50 percent. Extremely low income households also account for approximately 37 percent of households that experience cost burdens of greater than 30 percent.

Table 2-26: Extremely Low Income Household Overpayment
Cost
Burden of
>30 percent
Percent of
Extremely
Low Income
Households
> 30
percent
cost burden
Cost
burden of >
50 percent
Percent of
Extremely
Low Income
> 50
percent
cost burden
Total
Extremely Low
Income HH
Experiencing
Cost Burden
Percent of
Extremely Low
Income
Experiencing Cost
Burden

5 HUD. 2021 Adjusted Home Income Limits. Available at https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/home- datasets/files/HOME_IncomeLmts_State_CA_2021.pdf. Accessed on December 7, 2021.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-29

Extremely
Low Income
Owners
725 39% 575 34%
2,515 100% Extremely
Low Income
Renters
1,120 61% 1100 66%
Total 1,845 100% 1,675 100% - -
Source: CHAS HUD. 2013-2017 data. Available at https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/cp.html.

According the 2019 ACS, 5,677 persons were reported to be living in poverty in Arcadia, which is about 9.8 percent of the population for whom poverty status could be determined (57,775 people in the City). Figure 2-6 displays the percent of persons living in poverty by race or ethnicity and Hispanic or Latino origin, based on own race/ethnicity. The lowest percentage of persons identified as living in poverty was the American Indian and Alaska Native population at zero percent of all persons who reported American Indian and Alaska Native. Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander was the highest percent of persons living in poverty at 26 percent of the population. Additionally, those who reported Hispanic or Latino origin and some other race were disproportionately affected by poverty at 17 and 16 percent. The White, Asian, and those who reported Two or More Races had some of the lowest levels of poverty at 9 percent, 10 percent and 9 percent respectively.

Figure 2-6: Percent below Poverty Level, by Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin

Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

White alone
9%
Black or African
American alone
13%
American Indian
and Alaska Native
alone
0%
Asian alone
10%
Native Hawaiian
and Other Pacific
Islander alone
26%
Some other race
alone
16%
Two or more
races
9%
Hispanic or
Latino origin (of any
race)
17%

Section 2: Community Profile 2-30

H. Homeless
Homelessness has become an increasingly important issue. Factors contributing to the rise in incidents of homelessness include unemployment and underemployment, a lack of affordable housing (especially for extremely low income households), reductions in funding allocations directed to the poor, and the de- institutionalization of persons who are defined mentally ill.

State law mandates that municipalities address the special needs of homeless persons within their jurisdictional boundaries. “Homele ssness” as def ined by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has recently been updated. The following list includes the updated descriptions for what constitutes “homelessness” and explains how the definition from HUD changed:
• People who are living in a place not meant for human habitation, in emergency shelter, in transitional housing, or are exiting an institution where they temporarily resided. The only significant change from existing practice is that people will be considered homeless if they are exiting an institution where they resided for up to 90 days (it was pr eviously 30 days), and were in shelter or a place not meant for human habitation immediately prior to entering that institution. • People who are losing their primary nighttime residence, which may include a motel or hotel or a doubled-up situation, within 14 days and lack resources or support networks to remain in housing. HUD had previously allowed people who were being displaced within 7 days to be considered homeless.

The proposed regulation also describes specific documentation requirements for this category. • Families with children or unaccompanied youth who are unstably housed and likely to continue in that state. This is a new category of homelessness that applies to families with children or unaccompanied youth who have not had a lease or ownership interest in a housing unit in the last 60 or more days, have had two or more moves in the last 60 days, and who are likely to continue to be unstably housed because of disability or multiple barriers to employment. • People who are fleeing or attempting to flee domestic violence, have no other residence, and lack the resources or support networks to obtain other permanent housing. This category is similar to the current practice regarding people who are fleeing domestic violence.

The HUD definition does not include the following: persons living in substandard housing (unless it has been officially condemned); persons living in overcrowded housing (for example, doubled up with others); persons being discharged from mental health facilities (unless the person was homeless when entering and is considered to be homeless at discharge); or persons who may be at risk of homelessness (for example, living temporarily with family or friends.)
Table 2-27 below displays data from the Los Angeles County Point in Time Count. The Count gathers data on the homeless population in the County as well as in all jurisdictions within the County. According to the data from 2017 to 2018 Arcadia experienced a slight drop in the homeless population, then a significant increase through 2020. Overall, Arcadia’s homeless population was higher than nearby jurisdictions such as Monrovia and Pasadena (77 and 27 persons respectively). However, Arcadia did have a lower amount than El Monte. Overall, Arcadia has a moderate number of homele ss individuals when compared to neighboring jurisdictions.

Table 2-27: Homelessness in Arcadia and Surrounding Cities Jurisdiction 2017 2018 Count
Change 2019 2020 Count
Change

Section 2: Community Profile 2-31

Monrovia 42 69 27 80 77 -3
Pasadena 29575 27677 -2102 54229 27527 -215
Arcadia 17 15 -2 77 106 29
El Monte 240 517 277 428 433 5
Los Angeles County 45,979 45,039 -940 49,521 54,291 4,770 Source: Los Angeles Point in Time Count, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020.

Source for Homelessness in Pasadena: Pasadena Partnership. Pasadena Homelessness Count 2020. Available at https://pasadenapartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Pasadena-Homeless-Count_2020-FINAL.pdf.

Accessed on December 20, 2021.

The data in Table 2-28 displays data for the homeless population in Arcadia and surrounding cities as compared to the County of Los Angeles. Of the total homeless population in the County (54,291) the 106 in Arcadia make up about 0.2 percent. Similarly, Monrovia, El Monte, and Pasadena made up less than one percent of the County’s homeless population. Therefore, it can be determined that homelessness is not high in the area.

Table 2-28: Homelessness in Arcadia and Surrounding Cities Jurisdiction 2020 % of County
Monrovia 77 0.14%
Pasadena* 27 0.02%
Arcadia 106 0.20%
El Monte 433 0.80%
Los Angeles County 54,291 100%
Source: Los Angeles County Point in Time Count, accessed on March 2021 *Data is for East and South Pasadena Combined

55. Housing Stock Characteristics
The characteristics of the housing stock, including growth, type, availability and tenure, age and condition, housing costs, and affordability are important in determining the housing needs for the community. This section details the housing stock characteristics of Arcadia to identify how well the current housing stock meets the needs of its current and future residents.

A. Housing Growth
As a built-out community, Arcadia experienced modest housing stock growth from 2010 to 2019. Table 2- 29 below displays American Community Survey data from 2010 to 2019 showing housing unit growth over the nine-year period.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-32

In 2010, the City had an estimated 19,488 housing units, which steadily increased over nine years to an estimated 21,386, an overall percent growth of 1.04 percent. Nearby jurisdictions experienced moderately the same increases in housing unit growth. For ex ample, from 2010 to 2015 Arcadia experienced the highest growth in housing units (8.61 percent) when compared to neighboring jurisdictions (which saw anywhere from -3.45 percent growth to 2.86 percent growth in units). From 2015 to 2019, only Monrovia (-

1.33 percent) and El Monte (-5.47 percent) saw less housing unit growth than Arcadia (1.04 percent).

Table 2-29: Housing Unit Growth (Growth Trends)
Jurisdiction 2010 2015 2019
Percent
Change 2010
to 2015
Percent
Change 2015
to 2019
Monrovia 14,444 13,946 13,761 -3.45% -1.33%
Pasadena 57,188 58,823 61,572 2.86% 4.67%
Arcadia 19,488 21,165 21,386 8.61% 1.04%
El Monte 28,810 33,029 31,223 14.64% -5.47%
Los Angeles
County
3,425,736 3,476,718 3,542,800 1.49% 1.90%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2010, 2015, and 2019.

B. Housing Type
Arcadia’s housing stock primarily consists of single -family housing units, which comprise nearly 60.27 percent of all housing units. The majority of the single-family housing av ailable in Arc adia is detached housing, compared to 8.75 percent attached (which includes townhomes and condos). The housing stock may gradually become more diverse as housing needs in the City change throughout the years. Currently about 31 percent of all housing is multi-family, and under one percent are mobile homes. Overall, the City of Arcadia’s housing stock makeup is similar to the County of Los Angeles, where about 54.91 percent of all housing is single-family, about 43.5 percent is multi-family and about 1.61 percent are mobile homes.

Table 2-30: Total Housing Units by Type
Jurisdiction
Single- Family
Detached
Single-Family
Attached Multi-Family Mobile Homes
Count Percent Count Percent Count Percent Count Percent Arcadia 12,890 60.27% 1,871 8.75% 6,615 31.0% 10 0.05%
Los
Angeles
County
1,722,121 48.61% 223,134 6.30 1,537,818 43.5% 57,197 1.61% Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

C. Housing Availability and Tenure
Housing tenure and vacancy rates generally influence the supply and cost of housing. Housing tenure defines if a unit is owner-occupied or renter-occupied. The tenure characteristics in a community can

Section 2: Community Profile 2-33

indicate several aspects of the housing market, such as affordability, household stability, and availability of unit types, among others. In many communities, tenure distribution generally correlates with household income, composition and age of the householder.

In 2019, the majority of single-family housing was owner-occupied, shown below in Table 2-31. When broken down by housing type, the data shows that majority of renters live in multi-family housing. The lack of renters in single family homes, both attached and detached, may be a correlation to housing affordability or size of households. It is common for renters to live in multi-family units, as renters often include nonfamily households such as roommates.

Table 2-31: Occupied Housing Units by Type and Tenure (in Percent) Tenure Single- Family
Detached
Single-Family
Attached Multi-Family Mobile Homes
Total
Housing
Units
Owner
Occupied
9,453
units 81.4% 1,145
units 9.9% 1,001
units 8.6% 10
units 0.1% 11,609
units
Renter
Occupied
2,356
units 29.8% 595
units 7.5% 4,960
units 62.8% 0
units 0.0% 7,911
units
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

As shown in Table 2-32, owners had a slightly larger average household size than renters in Arcadia, 3.01 to 2.85 respectively. Neighboring jurisdictions showed unsimilar trends with Monrovia, Pasadena, El Monte and Los Angeles County estimating larger average renter households than owner households. All municipalities listed except for Pasadena had a larger average owner household size than renter household size.

Table 2-32: Average Household Size by Tenure
Jurisdiction
Owner Occupied
Households (%
of Total
Households)
Average Owner
Household Size
Renter Occupied
Households (%
of Total
Households)
Average Renter
Household Size
Monrovia 46.8% 2.56 53.2% 2.44
Pasadena 42.0% 2.77 58.0% 2.89
Arcadia 59.5% 3.01 40.5% 2.85
El Monte 40.0% 3.89 60.0% 3.77
Los Angeles
County 45.8% 3.17 54.2% 2.83
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019

Section 2: Community Profile 2-34

D. Vacancy Rates
Vacancy rates are an important housing indicator because they indicate the degree of housing choice available in a community. High vacancy rates usually indicate low demand and/or high supply conditions in the housing market. Too high of a vacancy rate can be difficult for owners trying to sell or rent. Low vacancy rates usually indicate high demand and/or low supply conditions in the housing market. Too low of a vacancy rate can force prices up, making it more difficult for lower and moderate income households to find housing. Vacancy rates of between two to three percent are usually considered healthy for ownership housing, and rates of five to six percent are usually considered healthy for rental housing. However, vacancy rates are not the sole indicator of market conditions. They must be viewed in the context of all the characteristics of the local and regional market. Figure 2-7 shows the overall homeowner vacancy rate and renter vacancy rate in Arcadia, the County and nearby jurisdictions. According to the ACS data, in 2019, Monrovia had the highest rental vacancy rate at five percent. The City of Arcadia had a four percent rental vacancy rate, lower than Monrovia, and higher than Pasadena, El Monte and Los Angeles County. While the rental vacancy rate averages are considered healthy, the homeowner vacancy rates were all low, with Pasadena’s being the highest at two percent.

Figure 2-7: Homeowner and Renter Vacancy Rates, 2019

Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Table 2-33 below displays the breakdown of type of vacant units in Arcadia. For rent units have the highest count of vacancy at 335 units, meaning that many of the vacant homes in Arcadia are on the market, and listed for residents looking to rent. There were 100 rented but unoccupied units in 2019 and 100 sold but

1.00%

1.50%

0.40%
2%

0.80%

3.4%

4.00%

5.10%
3%

2.40%

0.00%

1.00%

2.00%

3.00%

4.00%

5.00%

6.00%
Los Angeles County Arcadia Monrovia Pasadena El Monte
Homeowner vacancy rate Rental vacancy rate

Section 2: Community Profile 2-35

unoccupied units. In addition, there were zero units vacant for migrant workers and 182 units available for sale. Additionally, there were only 277 units vacant for seasonal, recreational, or occasional use.

Table 2-33: Vacant Housing Units by Type, 2019
Type of Housing Estimate
For rent 335
Rented, not occupied 100
For sale only 182
Sold, not occupied 100
For seasonal, recreational or occasional use 277
For migrant workers 0
Other vacant 872
Total 1,866
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

E. Housing Age and Condition
Housing age can be an important indicator of housing condition within a community. For example, housing that is over 30 years old is typically in need of some major rehabilitation, such as a new roof, foundation, plumbing, etc. Many federal and state programs also use the age of housing as one factor in determining housing rehabilitation needs.

Figure 2-8 displays housing stock age data in the City of Arcadia. According to the 2019 ACS, Arcadia had a large growth in housing development from 1950 to 1959. The m ajority of Arcadia’s housing was built between the years 1939 and 1969, about 60.01 percent. Overall, Arcadia’s housing stock is primarily older, meaning that the cost of updates and maintenance could be high for residents. However, the figure does show a slowing in housing production from 2000 on.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-36

Figure 2-8: Housing Stock Age in Arcadia, 2019

Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

F. Housing Costs and Affordability
Housing costs reflect the supply and demand of housing in a community. This section summarizes the cost and affordability of the housing stock to Arcadia’s residents. Table 2-34 displays data for the median home value in Arcadia, the County of Los Angeles, and surrounding jurisdictions. In 2019, the ACS estimated that the median value of a home in Los Angeles County was $538,200. In Arcadia, the same year, the median value of a home was $1,097,600. Overall, each of Arcadia’s neighboring jurisdictions had a median home value higher than the County’s with the exception of El Monte.

Table 2-34: Median Home Value by Community, 2019
Jurisdiction Median Home Value
Monrovia $663,400
Pasadena $785,700
Arcadia $1,097,600
El Monte $454,900
Los Angeles County $583,200
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Table 2-35 shows that rent for a two bedr oom unit in Arca dia experienced a two percent increase from $2,161 to $2,202 from 2018 to 2021. Three bedroom rentals saw the highest percent change from 2018 to Built
2014 or
later
Built
2010 to
2013
Built
2000 to
2009
Built
1990 to
1999
Built
1980 to
1989
Built
1970 to
1979
Built
1960 to
1969
Built
1950 to
1959
Built
1940 to
1949
Built
1939 or
earlier
Series1 1.20% 1.50% 6.10% 7.80% 10.10% 13.20% 15.10% 23% 13.90% 8.10%

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%Percent Built

Section 2: Community Profile 2-37

2021 (9 percent), increasing from $3,137 to $3,440 while 4 bedroom rentals experienced a one percent decrease in cost ($4,090 to $4,060).

Table 2-35: Average Monthly Rental Rates
Unit Type
January 2018
Average
Monthly Rent
January 2019
Average
Monthly Rent
January 2020
Average
Monthly Rent
January 2021
Average
Monthly Rent
Percent
Change from
2018 to 2021
1 Bedroom $2,622 $1,521 $1,742 $1,666 -57%
2 bedrooms $2,161 $2,237 $2,280 $2,202 2%
3 Bedrooms $3,137 $3,072 $3,187 $3,440 9%
4+ Bedrooms $4,090 $4,100 $3,913 $4,060 -1%
Source: Zumper, Arcadia Rentals Zumper Rent Index, accessed March 2021. *Percent Change from 2019 to 2019, 2020 rental data not available.

Housing affordability can be inferred by comparing the cost of renting or owning a home in the City with the maximum affordable housing costs for households at different income levels. Taken together, this information can generally show who can afford what size and type of housing and indicate the type of households most likely to experience overcrowding and overpayment.

The Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) conducts annual household income surveys nationwide to dete rmine a household’s eligibility for federal housing assistance. Based on this survey, the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) developed income limits, based on the Area Median Income (AMI), which can be used to determine the maximum price that could be affordable to households in the upper range of their respective income category. Households in the lower end of each category can afford less by comparison than those at the upper end. The maximum affordable home and rental prices for residents in Los Angeles County are shown in Table 2-36.

The data shows the maximum amount that a household can pay for housing each month without incurring a cost burden (overpayment). This amount can be compared to current housing asking prices ( Table 2- 36) and market rental rates (Table 2-37) to determine what types of housing opportunities a household can afford.

Extremely Low income Households
Extremely low income households earn less than 30 percent of the County AMI – up to $24,850 for a one- person household and up to $38,300 for a five-person household in 2021. Extremely low income households cannot afford market-rate rental or ownership housing in Arca dia without assuming a substantial cost burden.

Very Low income Households
Very low income households earn between 31 percent and 50 percent of the County AMI – up to $41,400 for a one-person household and up to $63,850 for a five-person household in 2021. A very low income household can generally afford homes priced between $158,600 and $225,700, adjusting for household size. A very low income household at the maximum income limit can afford to pay approximately $878 to $1,268 in monthly rent, depending on household size. Given the co st of housing in Arc adia, persons or households of very low income could not afford to rent or purchase a home in the City.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-38

Low income Households
Low income households earn between 51 percent and 80 percent of the County’s AMI - up to $66,250 for a one-person household and up to $ 102,200 for a five-person household in 2021. The affordable home price for a low income household at the maximum income limit ranges from $274,300 to $404,300.

Ownership housing would not be affordable to low income households. A one-person low income household could afford to pay up to $1,499 in rent per month and a five-person low income household could afford to pay as much as $2,227. Low income households in Arcadia would not be able to find adequately sized affordable apartment units.

Moderate income Households
Persons and households of moderate income earn between 81 percent and 120 percent of the County’s AMI – up to $ 103,700 for a five-person household in 2021. The maximum affordable home price for a moderate income household is $278,800 for a one-person household and $411,400.00 for a five-person family. Moderate income households in Arcadia would not be able to purchase a home in the City. The maximum affordable rent payment for moderate income households is between $1,523 and $2,265 per month. Appropriately sized market-rate rental housing is generally affordable to households in this income group.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-39

Table 2-36: Affordable Monthly Housing Cost for Renters Annual Income Rent Utilities1
Total Affordable
Monthly Housing
Cost
Extremely Low income (30% of AMI)
1-Person $24,850 $464 $157 $621
2-Person $28,400 $518 $192 $710
3-Person $31,950 $564 $235 $799
4-Person $35,450 $601 $285 $886
5-Person $38,300 $630 $328 $958
Very Low income (50% of AMI)
1-Person $41,400 $878 $157 $1,035
2-Person $47,300 $991 $192 $1,183
3-Person $53,200 $1,095 $235 $1,330
4-Person $59,100 $1,193 $285 $1,478
5-Person $63,850 $1,268 $328 $1,596
Low income (80% AMI)
1-Person $66,250 $1,499 $157 $1,656
2-Person $75,700 $1,701 $192 $1,893
3-Person $85,150 $1,894 $235 $2,129
4-Person $94,600 $2,080 $285 $2,365
5-Person $102,200 $2,227 $328 $2,555
Moderate Income (120% AMI)
1-Person $67,200 $1,523 $157 $1,680
2-Person $76,800 $1,728 $192 $1,920
3-Person $86,400 $1,925 $235 $2,160
4-Person $96,000 $2,115 $285 $2,400
5-Person $103,700 $2,265 $328 $2,593
Source: Housing Authority County of Los Angeles, Allowances for Tenant-Furnished Utilities and Other Services Report and California Department of Housing and Community Development, 2021 Income Limits and Kimley Horn and Associates Assumptions: 2020 HCD income limits; 30% gross household income as affordable housing cost; 15% of monthly affordable cost for taxes and insurance; 10% down payment; and 4.5% interest rate for a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage loan. Utilities based on Los Angeles County Utility Allowance. 1Utilities includes basic electric, water, sewer/trash, refrigerator, and stove.

Section 2: Community Profile 2-40

Table 2-37: Affordable Housing Costs
Annual Income Mortgage Utilities1 Tax and
Insurance
Total
Affordable
Monthly
Housing
Cost
Affordable
Purchase Price
Extremely Low income (30% of AMI)
1-Person $24,850 $371 $157 $93 $621 $81,400
2-Person $28,400 $412 $192 $107 $710 $90,400
3-Person $31,950 $444 $235 $120 $799 $97,500
4-Person $35,450 $468 $285 $133 $886 $102,700
5-Person $38,300 $486 $328 $144 $958 $106,600
Very Low Income (50% of AMI)
1-Person $41,400 $723 $157 $155 $1,035 $158,600
2-Person $47,300 $813 $192 $177 $1,183 $178,200
3-Person $53,200 $896 $235 $200 $1,330 $196,600
4-Person $59,100 $971 $285 $222 $1,478 $231,000
5-Person $63,850 $1,029 $328 $239 $1,596 $225,700
Low income (80% AMI)
1-Person $66,250 $1,251 $157 $248 $1,656 $274,300
2-Person $75,700 $1,417 $192 $284 $1,893 $310,800
3-Person $85,150 $1,574 $235 $319 $2,129 $345,200
4-Person $94,600 $1,725 $285 $355 $2,365 $378,200
5-Person $102,200 $1,844 $328 $383 $2,555 $404,300
Moderate Income (120% AMI)
1-Person $67,200 $1,271 $157 $252 $1,680 $278,800
2-Person $76,800 $1,440 $192 $288 $1,920 $315,900
3-Person $86,400 $1,601 $235 $324 $2,160 $351,000
4-Person $96,000 $1,755 $285 $360 $2,400 $384,900
5-Person $103,700 $1,876 $328 $389 $2,593 $411,400
Source: Housing Authority County of Los Angeles, Allowances for Tenant-Furnished Utilities and Other Services Report and California Department of Housing and Community Development, 2020 Income Limits and Kimley Horn and Associates Assumptions: 2020 HCD income limits; 30% gross household income as affordable housing cost; 15% of monthly affordable cost for taxes and insurance; 10% down payment; and 4.5% interest rate for a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage loan. Utilities based on Los Angeles County Utility Allowance. 1 Utilities includes heating, cooking, water heating, water, sewer, trash collection, microwave, and refrigerator.

All utilities are assuming electric as averaged on the County of Los Angeles Utility Allowance Schedule Utilities are based on Single Family Unit Size.

Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-1

TTechnical Background Report
SSection 3
Housing Constraints, Resources,
and Affirmatively Furthering Fair
Housing (AFFH)

Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-2 Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources, and
Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing (AFFH)
A variety of constraints may affect the provision and opportunity for adequate and affordable housing in the City of Arcadia. Housing constraints consist of both governmental constraints, including but not limited to development standards and building codes, land use controls, and permitting processes; as well as nongovernmental or market constraints, including but not limited to land costs, construction costs, and availability of finances. Combined, these factors create barriers to availability and affordability of new housing, especially for lower and moderate income households.

HCD requires that these constraints be evaluated as part of the Housing Element in order to understand barriers to housing and plan for the implementation of fair housing measures. This analysis is an important step in evaluating potential housing stock that can be allocated to all housing needs within the City. Factors that may constrain affordable housing in Arcadia will be analyzed in this chapter.

11. Nongovernmental Constraints
Nongovernmental constraints may largely affect the cost of housing in the City of Arcadia and can produce barriers to housing production and affordability. These constraints include the availability and cost of land for residential development, the demand for housing, financing and lending, construction costs, and the availability of labor, which can make it expensive for developers to build any housing, and especially affordable housing. The following highlights the primary market factors that affect the production of housing in Arcadia.

A. Land Costs and Construction Costs
Construction costs vary widely according to the type of development, with multi-family housing generally less expensive to construct than single-family homes. However, there is variation within each construction type, depending on the size of the unit and the number and quality of amenities provided. An indicator of construction costs is Building Valuation Data compiled by the International Code Council (ICC). The International Code Council was established in 1994 with the goal of developing a single set of national model construction codes, known as the International Codes, or I-Codes. The ICC updates the estimated cost of construction at six-month intervals and provides estimates for the average cost of labor and materials for typical Type VA wood- frame housing. Estimates are based on “good -quality” construction, providing for materials and fixtures well above the minimum required by state and local building codes.

In February 2021, the ICC estimated that the average per square-foot cost for good-quality housing was approximately $125.18 for multi-family housing, $138.79 for single-family homes, and $156.95 for residential care/assisted living facilities. Construction costs for custom homes and units with extra amenities, run even higher. Construction costs are also dependent upon materials used and building height, as well as regulations set by the City’s adopted Building Code. For example, according to the ICC, an accessory dwelling unit (ADU) or converting a garage using a Type VB wood framed unit would cost about

Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-3 $130.58 per square foot. Although construction costs are a significant portion of the overall development cost, they are consistent throughout the region. 1
Land costs pose a significant constraint to the development of affordable and middle income housing and represent a significant cost component in residential development. Land costs may vary depending on whether the site is vacant or has an existing use that must be removed. Similarly, site constraints such as environmental issues (e.g. soil stability, seismic hazards, flood risks) can also be factored into the cost of land. A May 2021 web search for lots for sale in the City of Arcadia returned 6 lots for sale ranging drastically in size and cost based on location.
2 Lots for sale outside of the City’s primary center for housing and commercial business are not considered in this analysis as well as lots zoned for commercial use, as they will not be representative of size or cost of land which has been developed for residential use historically.

The cost of vacant lots currently for sale near existing development in Arcadia, ranges from $1.15 million for 9,855 square feet south of Interstate 210, $2.29 million for 0.423 acres southwest of Interstate 210, to $3.48 million for 1.02 acres near the southwestern edge of the city. Overall, the estimated average cost of land in the City is about $101.67 per square foot. The cost of land in the City of Arcad ia is considered expensive, selectively accessible, and can be considered a barrier or constraint to the potential development of housing.

B. Availability of Financing
The availability of financing in a community depends on a number of factors, including the type of lending institutions active in a community, lending practices, rates and fees charged, laws and regulations governing financial institutions, and equal access to such loans. Additionally, availability of financing affects a person’s ability to pu rchase or improve a home. Under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA), lending institutions are required to disclose information on the disposition of loan applications and the income, gender, and race of loan applicants. The primary concern in a review of lending activity is to determine whether home financing is available to all residents of a community. The data presented in this section include the disposition of loan applications submitted to financial institutions for home purchase, home improvement, and refinancing in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale Metropolitan Statistical Area/Metropolitan Division (MSA/MD).

Error! Reference source not found. below displays the disposition of loan applications for the Los Angeles- Long Beach-Glendale MSA/MD per the 2019 Home Mortgage Discloser Act report. According to the data, applicants in the 120% MSA/MD median income or more had the highest rates of loans approved. Of that income category, applicants who reported as white ethnicity had the highest percentage of approval and number of applications. Applicants in the less than 50% of the MSA/MD median income categories showed higher percentages of denied loans than loans originated. According to the data, applicants who reported as White ethnicity were, on average, more likely to be approved for a loan than another race or ethnicity. 3 Given the relatively high rates of approval for home purchase, improvement, and refinance loans, home financing is generally available and not considered to be a significant constraint to the provision and maintenance of housing in Arcadia.

1 International Code Council. (2021). Building Valuation Data. Available at https://www.iccsafe.org/products-and-services/i- codes/code-development-process/building-valuation-data/ . 2 Zillow. Arcadia CA Real Estate & Homes for Sale. Availabel at https://www.zillow.com/homes/Arcadia,-CA_rb/. Accessed on August 27, 2021.
3 FFIEC- MSA/MD Aggregate Reports. (2019). Disposition of applications by income, race, and ethnicity of applicant. https://ffiec.cfpb.gov/data-publication/aggregate-reports/2019/CA/31084/5

Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-4

Table 3-1: Disposition of Loan Applications by Race/Ethnicity – Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale MSA/MD (2019) Applications by Race/Ethnicity Percent
Approved
Percent
Denied
Percent
Other Total (Count)
LESS THAN 50% OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 24.16% 57.30% 19.66% 178 Asian 36.54% 42.13% 23.50% 1,932
Black or African American 41.98% 28.82% 31.98% 2,120
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 20.33% 67.03% 14.29% 182 White 44.14% 30.93% 27.22% 11,384
Hispanic or Latino 39.00% 36.23% 27.28% 6,559
50-79% OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 36.97% 43.28% 22.27% 238 Asian 44.31% 34.08% 27.98% 2,873
Black or African American 42.75% 32.23% 29.11% 2,367
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 22.83% 62.20% 17.32% 254 White 48.99% 28.31% 27.75% 14,902
Hispanic or Latino 44.63% 32.50% 27.81% 10,611
80-99% OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 41.44% 33.33% 27.03% 111 Asian 51.15% 27.37% 27.37% 1611
Black or African American 47.33% 27.31% 28.91% 1124
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 35.48% 47.31% 20.43% 93 White 53.61% 23.41% 27.73% 6,887
Hispanic or Latino 50.10% 26.66% 27.42% 4,974
100-119% OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 42.05% 32.10% 29.26% 352 Asian 60.54% 19.94% 25.90% 5,869
Black or African American 49.93% 23.72% 30.51% 3,579
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 40.89% 39.86% 21.65% 291 White 60.13% 17.88% 27.40% 25,143
Hispanic or Latino 56.43% 20.69% 27.80% 16,541

Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-5 120% OR MORE OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 48.91% 23.88% 30.08% 871 Asian 62.94% 14.28% 27.54% 35,764
Black or African American 55.04% 19.47% 29.58% 11,611
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 54.18% 23.29% 27.19% 1052 White 64.87% 13.46% 25.98% 135,203
Hispanic or Latino 60.42% 16.47% 27.46% 42,722
Source: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Disposition of loan applications, by Ethnicity/Race of applicant, 2019.

Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-6 C. Economic Constraints
Market forces on the economy and the subsequent trickle-down effects on the construction industry can act as a barrier to housing construction and especially to affordable housing construction. It is estimated that housing price growth will continue in the city and the region for the foreseeable future. Moving into 2020, the economy was growing, California was experiencing a 1.6 percent growth in jobs from 2019 and experiencing all-time lows for unemployment rates. However, with the current COVID-19 pandemic, employment rates have been unstable. In May of 2020, unemployment within California increased to 15.6 percent. As of May 2021, the State’s unemployment rate has declined to 7.9 percent. 4 A 2021 California Association of Realtors (CAR) report found that homes on the marke t in Los Angeles County experienced a 25.1 percent year to year increase and cost an average of $707,050 in April 2021; approximately $42,950 lower than the Southern California median home price in the same month ($750,000).
5 According to the CAR First Time Buyer Housing Affordability Index, for 2021 the median value of a home in Los Angeles County was $580,010 with monthly payments (including taxes and insurance) of $2,830, requiring a minimum qualifying income of $84,900. 6 Homes and cost of living in the City of Arcadia
was reported higher than the State median housing and living costs, almost double. 7 According to May 2021 data from Zillow, the median cost of a home is $1,131,169. Home values in the City have gone up

8.4% over the past year.
8 22. Governmental Constraints
In addition to market constraints, local policies and regulations also affect the price and availability of housing and the provision of affordable housing. For example, State and Federal regulations affect the availability of land for housing and the cost of housing production, making it difficult to meet the demand for affordable housing and limiting supply in a region. Regulations related to environmental protection, building codes, and other topics have significant, often adverse, impacts on housing cost and availability.

While the City of Arcadia has no control over State and Federal Laws that af fect housing, local laws including land use controls, site improvement requirements, fees and exactions, permit processing procedures, and other factors can constrain the maintenance, development, and improvement of housing or create barriers to housing.

A. Land Use Controls
Cities in California are required by Law to prepare a comprehensive, long term General Plan to guide future development. The Land Use and Community Design Element of the General Plan establishes permitted

4 California Employment Development Department. California unemployment rate improves to 7.9% in May 2021. (2021). Available at https://www.edd.ca.gov/newsroom/unemployment-may-2021.htm . 5 California Association of Realtors (CAR). (2021). April home sales and price report. Available at https://www.car.org/aboutus/mediacenter/newsreleases/2021releases/apr2021sales . 6 CAR. Housing Affordability Index- First-time Buyer. Available at https://www.car.org/marketdata/data/ftbhai . Accessed on August 27, 2021.
7 Best Places. Cost of Living in Arcadia. Available at https://www.bestplaces.net/cost_of_living/city/california/arcadia . Accessed on August 27, 2021.
8 Zillow. (2021). Arcadia Home Values. Available at https://www.zillow.com/arcadia-ca/home-values/ .

Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-7 land uses and development density throughout the City of Arcadia.9 The following lists the land uses that permit residential developments and the allowable densities:
• Residential Estates (RE) (up to 2 du/ac) – The Residential Estates designation accommodates low-density and single-family residential neighborhoods. Permitted uses include single-family residences on a single lot, private tennis courts and similar facilities. • Very Low Density Residential (VLDR) (up to 4 du/ac) – The Very Low Density Residential designation accommodates low-density single-family residential neighborhoods. Permitted uses include single-family residences on a single lot and private tennis courts and similar facilities. • Low Density Residential (LDR) (up to 6 du/ac) – The Low Density Residential designation accommodates low-density single-family residential neighborhoods. Permitted uses are limited to single-family residences on a single lot.
• Medium Density Residential (MDR) (6 to 12 du/ac) – The Medium Density Residential designation accommodates varied housing types and sizes within a suburban neighborhood context. Permitted residential uses include detached and attached residences with private and/or shared yards and open space areas.
• High Density Residential (HDR) (12 to 30 du/ac) – The High Density Residential designation accommodates higher-density attached housing types for both renter and owner households within a neighborhood context. Such housing types generally are located near transit stops, along arterials and transit corridors, and within easy walking distance of shops and services. • Commercial (C) (1.0 FAR and 30 to 80 du/ac) – The Commercial designation also allows a Residential Flex Overlay that allows residential development up to 30 du/acre without the need for a commercial component like mixed use zones. In addition, to provide the residential population that is required to support the uses in the downtown and around the Metro Gold Line transit station, residential uses in a mixed-use development are permitted above ground floor commercial or adjacent to a commercial use.
• Horse Racing (HR) (Maximum FAR – N/A) – The Horse Racing designation provides for the continued operation of the Santa Anita Park race track for horse racing and related activities and special events. Seasonal housing for employees is permitted as an ancillary use per Municipal Code standards.
• Mixed Use (MU) (Maximum FAR – 1.0, up to 30 du/ac) – The Mixed Use designation provides opportunities for commercial and residential mixed-use development that takes advantage of easy access to transit and proximity to employment centers, and that provide complementary mixes of uses that support and encourage pedestrian activity. Residential uses in a mixed-use development are permitted above ground floor commercial or adjacent to a commercial use. Mixed commercial/office and residential tenancies and stand-alone commercial or office uses are allowed.

However, exclusively residential buildings are not. The FAR maximum is applicable only to nonresidential component of a development.
• Downtown Mixed Use (DMU) (Maximum FAR – 1.0, up to 80 du/ac) – The Downtown Mixed Use designation provides opportunities for complementary service and retail commercial businesses, professional offices, and residential uses to locate within the City's downtown. Residential uses in a mixed-use development are permitted above ground floor commercial or adjacent to a commercial use. However, exclusively residential buildings are not allowed. A specific plan or zone change for the Downtown area will contain detailed development standards, infrastructure

9City of Arcadia. (2010). Land Use and Community Design Element. Available at https://www.arcadiaca.gov/Shape%20Arcadia/Development%20Services/general%20plan/Land%20Use%20Element%20Update%2 0Final.pdf ., pg. 10

Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-8 requirements, land use regulations, and implementation measures for coordinated development.

The FAR maximum is applicable only to nonresidential component of a development.

State Density Bonus Law 10
In accordance with State Law – Government Code Section 65915 – a housing development may increase the number of units above the maximum permitted and/or receive reductions in development standards in exchange for reserving units for very low, low income, and/or moderate income households or for seniors.

These units must be restricted to their level of affordable for at least 55 years. A density bonus is applicable to projects which include at least 5 units and at least one of the following:
• 5% units restricted to very low income households;
• 10% units restricted to low income or moderate income households; • 10% units restricted for transitional foster youth, disables veterans, or homeless; • 20% units for low income student housing;
• A senior housing project;
• An age-restricted mobile home park; and/or
• Projects which include a childcare facility.

The City of Arcadia’s municipal code states that a density bonus and applicable concessions are granted if an applicant for a housing development seeks and agrees to construct a development that contains low income, very-low income, moderate income, and/or senior housing units, as such outlined in the Government Code Section 65915(b)1. The amount of a density bonus and the extent of other incentives allowed will be determined by the Council in conjunction with the Government Code Section 65915. An additional density bonus incentive is granted if an applicant proposed to construct a housing development includes a childcare facility located on the premises of, as part of or adjacent to the project. If a density bonus and/or other incentives cannot be accommodated on a site due to strict compliance with the provisions of the City of Arcadia’s Development Code, the Council may modify or waive other development standards as necessary to accommodate all bonus units and other incentives to which the development is entitled.

Until 2021, under Government Code Section 65915, known as the Density Bonus Law, the maximum bonus was 35%. California state law AB 2345 states that all jurisdictions in California are required to process projects proposing up to 50% additional density as long as those projects provide the additional Below Market Rate units (BMR) in the “base” portion of the project, unless the locality already allows a bonus above 35%. The bill also lowered the BMR thresholds for concessions and incentives for projects with low income BMRs. As of 2021, Government Code Section 65915 authorizes an applicant to receive 2 incentives or concessions for projects that include at least 17% of the total units for lower income households, at least 10% of the total units for very low income households, or at least 20% for persons or families of moderate income in a common interest development. It also allows an applicant to receive 3 incentives or concessions for projects that include at least 24% of the total units for lower income households, at least 15% of the total units for very low income households, or at least 30% for persons or families of moderate income in a common interest development.

10Municode. Arcadia, CA. Available at
https://library.municode.com/ca/arcadia/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTIXDIUSLA_CH1DECO_DIV3RE APALZOITPLGEDEST_S9103.15DEBOAFSEHO_9103.15.060FI. Accessed on August 27, 2021.

Section 3: Housing Constraints, Resources and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-9 The City’s Density Bonus program is determined in compliance with Government Code Section 65915, however, does not reflect AB 2345 which requires an allowance of up to 50% when the appropriate base BMR is proposed.11 The City of Arcadia has included a program in Chapter 10: Implementation Plan to evaluate and update the City’s Municipal Code in compliance with state legislation. It is the City’s goal and intention to remain up to date with mo st recent Density Bonus legislation throughout the 6th cycle as it applies to Arcadia.

B. Residential Development Standards 12
The City of Arcadia’s Municipal Code establishes residential zoning districts that permit a variety of developments and land uses in accordance with the General Plan Land Use Element. Table 3-2 provides the development standards established for each zoning district to guide appropriate development. The development standards include minimum lot size requirements, building setbacks, and lot coverage. • Residential Mountainous Zone (R-M) – The R-M zone is intended to provide areas for detached single-family dwelling units on estate-type lots in the hillside and valley areas of the City and accessory uses compatible with the residential use of the zone. This zone implements the General Plan Residential Estates designation.
• Very Low Density Residential Zone (R-0) – The R-0 zone is intended to provide areas for detached single-family dwelling units on large lots and accessory uses compatible with the residential use of the zone. This zone implements the General Plan Residential Estates, Very Low Density Residential, and Low Density Residential designations. • Low Density Residential Zone (R-1) – The R-1 zone is intended to provide areas for detached single-family dwelling units and accessory uses compatible with the residential use of the zone.

This zone implements the General Plan Very Low Density Residential and Low Density Residential designations.
• Medium Density Residential Zone (R-2) - The R-2 zone is intended to provide areas for a variety of dwelling types and accessory uses compatible with the residential use of the zone. Types of dwelling units include attached or detached single-unit and multi-unit homes and duplexes at a density of six to 12 dwelling units per acre. This zone implements the General Plan Medium Density Residential designation.
• High Density Residential Zone (R-3) – The R-3 zone is intended to provide areas for a variety of medium- to high-density residential development and accessory uses compatible with the residential use of the zone. Types of dwelling units include single-unit attached, townhomes, condominiums, and apartment structures at a density of 12 to 30 units per acre. This zone implements the General Plan High Density Residential designation. • Restricted High Density Residential Zone (R-3-R) – The R-3-R zone is intended to provide areas for medium to high-density residential development at a density of 12 to 30 units per acre but restricted to one story in height. Accessory uses compatible with the residential use of the zone are also permitted. This zone implements the General Plan High Density Residential designation.

11 Municode, Arcadia, CA. Available at
https://library.municode.com/ca/arcadia/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTIXDIUSLA_CH1DECO_DIV3REA PALZOITPLGEDEST_S9103.15DEBOAFSEHO_9103.15.020DEBO. Accessed on August 27, 2021. 12 Municode, Arcadia, CA. Available at
https://library.municode.com/ca/arcadia/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTIXDIUSLA_CH1DE CO_DIV2ZOALUSDEST_S9102.01REZO . Accessed on August 27, 2021.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing

3-10

Table 3-2: Development Standards
Development
Feature
Zoning Designation
R-M R-O R-1 R-2 R-3-R R-3 CBD MU DMU
Lot Standards
Minimum Lot
Area (SF) 15,000
R-0-
30,000:
30,000
R-0-
22,000:
22,000
R-0-
15,000:
15,000
R-0-
12,500:
12,500
R-1-
15,000:
15,000
R-1-
10,000:
10,000
R-1-
7,500:
7,500
7,500 10,000 10,000 5,000 5,000 10,000
Minimum Lot Width
At Front
Property Line
100 ft;
44 ft for
cul-de-
sac lots
100 ft;
57 ft for
cul-de-
sac lots
75 ft;
44 ft for
cul-de-
sac lots
75 ft;
44 ft for cul-
de-sac lots;
85 ft if
reversed
corner lot
100 ft
100 ft;
57 ft for cul-
de-sac lots;
85 ft if
reversed
corner lot
- - -
At Front
Setback Line 75 ft
100 ft;
85 ft on
reverse
corner
lots
75 ft
75 ft;
85 ft if
reversed
corner lot
100 ft;
85 ft if
reversed
corner lot
100 ft;
85 ft if
reversed
corner lot
- - -
Minimum Lot
Depth 100 ft 100 ft 100 ft 100 ft 100 ft 100 ft - - -
Structure Form and Location Standards

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing

3-11

Table 3-2: Development Standards
Development
Feature
Zoning Designation
R-M R-O R-1 R-2 R-3-R R-3 CBD MU DMU
Minimum
Density
(du/Acre)
1 unit per
lot
1 unit per
lot
1 unit per
lot 2 units per lot None
1 unit per
2,200 sf of lot
area
- - -
Maximum
Density
(du/Acre)

1 unit per
lot
1 unit per
lot
1 unit per
lot
1 unit per
3,750 sf of lot
area
1 unit per
1,450 sf of lot
area
1 unit per
1,450 sf of lot
area
80 units
per acre
30 units
per acres
80 unit
per acre
Minimum Setbacks
Front 25 ft 35 ft 25 ft 25 ft 25 ft 25 ft 0 ft (10 ft
maximum)
0 ft (10 ft
maximum)
0 ft (10 ft
maximum)
Side (Interior)
First or Single Story
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Abutting nonresidential or mixed-
use zone
10 ft or
10% of lot
width,
whichever
is greater,
not
exceeding
15 ft
10 ft or
10% of
the lot
width,
whichever
is greater
5 ft or
10% of
the lot
width,
whichever
is greater
0 ft 0 ft 0 ft
Second Story Abutting residential zone
15 ft or
20% of
the lot
width,
whichever
is greater
15 ft or
20% of
the lot
width,
whichever
is greater
10 ft or
20% of
the lot
width,
whichever
is greater
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Side (Street side)
0 ft
(10 ft
max)
0 ft
(10 ft
max)
0 ft
(10 ft
max)
Corner
(Street Side)
First or Single Story
25 ft 25 ft 25 ft - - - 20 ft 20 ft 20 ft
Second Story
20 ft 20 ft 20 ft
First or Single Story 25 ft 25 ft 25 ft - - -

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing

3-12

Table 3-2: Development Standards
Development
Feature
Zoning Designation
R-M R-O R-1 R-2 R-3-R R-3 CBD MU DMU
Reverse
Corner
(Street Side)
20 ft 25 ft 25 ft
Second Story
20 ft 25 ft 25 ft
Rear
First or Single Story
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Abutting Nonresidential or
Downtown Zone
25 ft 35 ft 25 ft 0 ft 0 ft 0 ft
Second Story Abutting Residential Zone
35 ft 35 ft 35 ft 20 ft 15 ft 15 ft
Maximum
Height
16 ft and
cannot
exceed
the
maximum
height of
dwelling
16 ft and
cannot
exceed
the
maximum
height of
dwelling
16 ft and
cannot
exceed
the
maximum
height of
dwellings
30 ft 18 ft 30 ft* 60 ft 40 ft 60 ft
Maximum
Number of
Stores

2 stories 2 stories 2 stories - - 3 stories - - -
Notes:
*- The Code allows up to 33 feet to accommodate ridge heights of roofs.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-13 Landscaping Requirements 13
The City of Arcadia Municipal Code requires landscaping of residential sites to include elements such as lawn, trees, and shrubs and for these elements to be maintained in a neat and orderly manner.

Zones R-M, R-0, and R-1:
o The front and street-side areas shall be landscaped with lawn, trees, shrubs, or other plant materials, and shall be permanently maintained in a neat and orderly manner. o Hardscape materials, inclusive of driveways and pedestrian walkways but not including artificial turf, shall not cover more than 40 percent of the required front setback or street side.

Zones R-M:
o All cut or fill slopes exceeding six feet six inches in vertical height between two or more contiguous lots shall be planted with adequate plant material to protect the slope against erosion. The planting shall cover the bank within two years from the time of planting. The permittee, owner, or developer shall water the planted slopes at sufficient time intervals to promote growth.

Zones R-2, R-3, and R-3-R:
o The front and street-side areas shall be landscaped with lawn, trees, shrubs, or other plant materials, and shall be permanently maintained in a neat and orderly manners o Hardscape materials, inclusive of driveways and pedestrian walkways but not including artificial turf, shall not cover more than 40 percent of the required front setback or street side.

Site Coverage and FAR 14
The City of Arcadia defines Floor Area Ratio (FAR) as:

Residential Floor Area Ratio: The floor area ratio shall be the numerical value obtained by dividing the aboveground floor area of any building(s) located on a lot by the net area of the lot.

Non-Residential Floor Area Ratio: The floor area ratio shall be the numerical value obtained by dividing the non-residential floor area of any building(s) located on a lot by the net area of the lot.

Minimum Unit Sizes
The City of Arcadia does not have minimum unit sizes. The lack of restrictions on unit sizes creates an opportunity for increased density in housing within the City which has less vacant land to accommodate housing. No restrictions on unit sizes in addition to zoning for higher intensity uses could allow for a higher number of smaller units such as micro-units.

Maximum Building Heights 15
According to Division 2 of the City of Arcadia ’s Municipal Code, building structures may not exceed the height limit established by the lot’s zone. The maximum building height in R-M, R-0 and R-1 is 25-30ft depending on the width of the lot. R-2 and R-3 both have a maximum building height of 30 ft, while R-3-

13 Municode, Arcadia, CA. Available at
https://library.municode.com/ca/arcadia/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTIXDIUSLA_CH1DECO_DIV3REA PALZOITPLGEDEST_S9103.09LA. Accessed on August 27, 2021. 14 Municode, Arcadia, CA. Available at
https://library.municode.com/ca/arcadia/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTIXDIUSLA_CH1DECO_DIV3REA PALZOITPLGEDEST_S9103.01SIPLGEDEST. Accessed on August 27, 2021. 15Municode, Arcadia, CA. Available at
https://library.municode.com/ca/arcadia/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTIXDIUSLA_CH1DECO_DIV3REA PALZOITPLGEDEST_S9103.01SIPLGEDEST_9103.01.050HEMEEX. Accessed on August 27, 2021.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-14 R has a maximum building height of 18ft. In comparison to surrounding communities, the City of Arcadia has extensive building height regulations that are described below:

Height Measurement
o Structure Height. Structure height is measured from the base to the highest point of the building— excluding the chimney.
o Structure Height on Slopes with 20 Percent Grade. Structures on slopes with 20 percent or greater grade are measure from the adjacent existing grade to the highest point of the building – excluding chimneys.
o Porch Height. Porch height is measured from the finished grade to the uppermost points of the railing, cornices, and other features. For recessed porches, height is measure to the uppermost point of the opening.
o Height Regulations by Lot Width. Some maximum building heights will vary based on the width of the lot. The lot width for determining height shall be measured from the front property line or at the required front setback line, whichever is greater.

Exceptions to Height Limits in All Zones
Maximum building heights in these areas do not apply to flagpoles and antennas. Height guidelines for these features are provided by §9103.01.050 of the City’s zoning code.

Parking Standards 16
Off-street parking for residential uses is defined by the City of Arcadia in Table 3-3. These standards are considered the minimum required to preserve the public health, safety, and welfare of the community. An increase or decrease in the parking requirements may be determined by the Review Authority in particular circumstances where these requirements are inadequate for a specific project. These cases are determined through a parking study as outlined in Article IX, Chapter 1, Division 3, Section 9103.07.

Table 3-3: Off-Street Parking Requirements for Residential Uses Land Use Minimum Parking Spaces Required
Single-Family Housing
• 2 spaces per dwelling unit in a garage for
units less than 5,000 square feet in size with
up to 4 bedrooms.
• 3 spaces per dwelling unit in a garage for
units 5,001 square feet or more in size
and/or with 5 or more bedrooms.

Accessory Dwelling Unit
• One on-site parking space (covered or
uncovered)2 Refer to Section 92102.01.080
for additional standards.

16 Municode, Arcadia, CA. Available at
https://library.municode.com/ca/arcadia/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTIXDIUSLA_CH1DE CO_DIV3REAPALZOITPLGEDEST_S9103.07OREPALO. Accessed on August 27, 2021.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-15 Table 3-3: Off-Street Parking Requirements for Residential Uses Land Use Minimum Parking Spaces Required
Multi-Family Dwellings and Other Attached
Dwellings
R-2, R-3, and
the R-3-R
Zones
• 2 covered spaces per unit
• 1 guest parking space per each
2 units
Mixed Use Units
• 1 space per studio
• 1.5 spaces per unit and 1 guest space for every 3
units
Live/Work Units • 1 space per unit and 1 space per 1,000 square feet of nonresidential floor area
Senior Housing (when restricted to age 62 and
older)
• For senior affordable apartment housing: 1 space
per unit, and 1 guest space for every 4 units for
assisted living facilities: 1.5 spaces per unit
• For senior market rate housing: 2 spaces per unit
Notes:
(1) A tandem parking space may be allowed to satisfy the third required, or any non-required, parking space, subject to Design Review approval
(2) Parking standards shall not be imposed on an accessory dwelling unit in any of the following circumstances:
a. The accessory dwelling unit is located within one-half mile of public transit. b. The accessory dwelling unit is located within an architecturally and historically significant historic district. c. The accessory dwelling unit is part of the existing primary residence or an existing accessory structure. d. When on-street parking permits are required but not offered to the occupant of the accessory dwelling unit. e. When there is a car sharing vehicle located within one block of the accessory dwelling unit.

The parking requirements for the City of Arcadia are similar to the requirements set by a neighboring jurisdiction, the City of Sierra Madre. Both cities require 2 parking spaces per dwelling unit for single family housing zones. Furthermore, for multi-family housing, both cities require 2 covered spaces per unit and 1 guest parking space per 2 units. From these similarities, it should be reasonable to consider Arcadia’s parking requirements as practical and meeting the needs of its residents and guests.

However, parking requirements could be viewed as a constraint to providing fair housing. By requiring parking spaces based on unit amount or size of sed unit, housing development is restricted. Less housing development takes place overall since space must be left to accommodate parking. Parking permits could also be considered a constraint on fair housing since parking permits often present a financial obligation on those who are required to use them. The City will continue to monitor fees in order to ensure they do not become a constraint.

Definition of a Family
Per Arcadia Municipal Code §9109.01.070, a family is defined as a group of perso ns, whether related or unrelated, who live together in a non-transient and interactive manner, including the joint use of common areas of the premises which they occupy and sharing household activities and responsibility such as meals, chores and expenses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any group of persons required to be considered as a

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-16 "family" for zoning purposes pursuant to California Health & Safety Code Sections 1267.8, 1566.3, 1568.0831, 1569.85, 11834.23, or any other state law shall be deemed to be a family for purposes of this code.

C. Homeowners Association Areas
The City of Arcadia Municipal Code has established different developmental standards for Homeowners Association Areas within single-family residential zones R-M, R-0, and R-1. The documented Homeowners Associations within the code include the Santa Anita Village, Highland Oaks, Upper Rancho, Lower Rancho, and Santa Anita Oaks HOAs. Their allowable Floor Area Ratios (FARs) are documented in Table 3-4. Table 3-5 documents other applicable development standards such as minimum setbacks, maximum lot coverages, maximum number of stories, and more, for homeowner association areas.

Table 3-4: Floor Area Ratio Standards for Homeowners Association Areas Single-Family Residential Zones (R-M, R-0, and R-1)
Maximum Floor Area in Specific Homeowners Association Areas HOA and Lot Size Floor Area Ratio
Santa Anita Village and Highland Oaks HOAs
Less than 10,000 sf 35% of lot area
10,001 – 15,000 3,500 sq ft plus 25% of lot area over 10,000 sq ft 15,001 – 20,000 4,750 sq ft plus 10% of lot area over 15,000 sq ft 20,001 – 30,000 5,250 sq ft plus 10% of lot area over 20,000 sq ft 30,000 + 6,250 sq ft plus 10% of lot area over 30,000 sq ft Upper Rancho HOA
Less than 10,000 sf 45% of lot area
10,001 – 15,000 4,500 sq ft plus 40% of lot area over 10,000 sq ft 15,001 – 20,000 6,500 sq ft plus 30% of lot area over 15,000 sq ft 20,001 – 30,000 8,000 sq ft plus 25% of lot area over 20,000 sq ft 30,000 + 13,000 sq ft plus 32% of lot area over 40,000 sq ft Lower Rancho and Santa Anita Oaks HOA
Less than 10,000 sf 37% of lot area
10,001 – 15,000 3,700 sq ft plus 37% of lot area over 10,000 sq ft 15,001 – 20,000 5,500 sq ft plus 20% of lot area over 15,000 sq ft 20,001 – 30,000 6,550 sq ft plus 20% of lot area over 20,000 sq ft 30,000 + 8,550 sq ft plus 15% of lot area over 30,000 sq ft Incentive for One-Story Homes in all HOA Areas
3% of the lot area in additional floor area

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-17

Table 3-5: Additional Development Standards for Homeowners Association Areas Single-Family Residential Zones (R-M, R-0, R-1)
Development Feature
Zoning Designation
Santa Anita Village
(R-1)
Highlands (R-M and
R-1) Lower Rancho (R-0) Santa Anita Oaks
(R-0)
Upper Rancho
(R-0)
Minimum Setbacks
Front 25 ft 25 ft 35 ft
65 ft
Exceptions: Tract
13544 and 11013
shall be a minimum
of 55 ft abd Tract
14565 shall be a
minimum of 50 ft
50 ft
Side – first or single story
Interior
5 ft or 10% of the lot
width, whichever is
greater
R-M: 10 ft or 10% of
lot width, whatever is
greater but not to
exceed 15 ft as a
required setback
R-1: 6 ft or 10% of the
lot width, whichever is
greater
10 ft or 10% of the lot
width, whichever is
greater
10 ft or 10% of the lot
width, whichever is
greater
15 ft
Corner (street side) 20 ft 20 ft 20 ft 20 ft 20 ft

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-18 Table 3-5: Additional Development Standards for Homeowners Association Areas Single-Family Residential Zones (R-M, R-0, R-1)
Development Feature
Zoning Designation
Santa Anita Village
(R-1)
Highlands (R-M and
R-1) Lower Rancho (R-0) Santa Anita Oaks
(R-0)
Upper Rancho
(R-0)
Reverse Corner (street
side) 25 ft R-M: 20 ft
R-1: 25 ft 25 ft 25 ft 25 ft
Side – second story
Interior
10 ft or 20% of the lot
width, whichever is
greater
R-M: 15 ft or 20% of
lot width, whatever is
greater
R-1: 10 ft or 20% of
the lot width,
whichever is greater
15 ft or 20% of the lot
width, whichever is
greater
15 ft or 20% of the lot
width, whichever is
greater
15 ft or 20% of the
lot width,
whichever is
greater
Corner (street side) 20 ft 20 ft 20 ft 20 ft 20 ft
Reverse Corner (street
side) 25 ft R-M: 20ft
R-1: 25ft 35 ft 35 ft 35 ft
Rear
First or single story 25 ft 25 ft 35 ft 35 ft 40 ft
Second Story 35 ft 35 ft 35 ft 35 ft 35 ft
Maximum Lot Coverage
1-story dwellings 45% 45% 45% 45% 45%
2-story dwellings 35% 35% 35% 35% 35%
Maximum number of
stories 2 stories 2 stories 2 stories 2 stories 2 stories Maximum Street-
Facing Porch Height 14 ft 14 ft 14 ft 14 ft 14 ft
Encroachment Plane

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-19 Table 3-5: Additional Development Standards for Homeowners Association Areas Single-Family Residential Zones (R-M, R-0, R-1)
Development Feature
Zoning Designation
Santa Anita Village
(R-1)
Highlands (R-M and
R-1) Lower Rancho (R-0) Santa Anita Oaks
(R-0)
Upper Rancho
(R-0)
Front Property Line 30 degrees R-M: 40 degrees
R-1: 30 degrees 30 degrees 30 degrees 30 degrees
Interior Rear and/or
Interior Side N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Corner Street Side
Property Line 40 degrees 40 degrees 40 degrees 40 degrees 40 degrees

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-20 Table 3-5: Additional Development Standards for Homeowners Association Areas Single-Family Residential Zones (R-M, R-0, R-1)
Development Feature
Zoning Designation
Santa Anita Village
(R-1)
Highlands (R-M and
R-1) Lower Rancho (R-0) Santa Anita Oaks
(R-0)
Upper Rancho
(R-0)
Maximum Height 25 ft
R-M: 25 ft for lots less
than 71-foot lot width;
an additional 1 ft in
height for every
additional 1 ft in lot
width up to 75 ft lot (30
ft height)
80-85 ft lot width: 31 ft,
85’-1”-90 ft lot width:
32 ft, 90’-1”- 95 ft lot
width: 33 ft, 95’-1”-100
ft lot width: 34ft, 100’-
1” + ft lot width: 35 ft
R-1: Less than 75 ft lot
width: 25 ft, 75’-94 ft
lot width: 27ft, 94’-1”-
114 ft lot width: 29ft,
114’-1” ft lot or larger
width: 30 ft

25 ft for lots less than
75-foot lot width
30 ft for lots with 75-foot
width or greater
25 ft for lots less than
75-foot lot width
30 ft for lots with 75-
foot width or greater
25 ft for lots less
than 75-foot lot
width
30 ft for lots with
75-foot width or
greater
Notes:

1. In cases where the underlying zoning’s Development Standard is greater than the requirements stated in Table 2-2, Additional Development Standards for Homeowners Association Areas Single-family Residential Zones (R-M, R-0, R-1), the underlying zoni ng shall be used unless an exception is specifically identified.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-21 D. Growth Management Measures
Growth management measures are techniques used by a government to regulate the rate, amount, and type of development. Growth management measures allow cities to grow responsibly and orderly, however, if overly restrictive, they can produce constraints to the development of housing, including accessible and affordable housing. There are currently no growth management measures in Arcadia.

E. Specific Plans
The purpose of a Specific Plan is to implement the goals and objectives of a city’s General Plan in a more focused and detailed manner that is area and project specific. The Specific Plan process promotes consistency and an enhanced aesthetic level throughout the identified project area. Specific Plans contain their own development standards and requirements that may be more restrictive than those defined for the City as a whole.

Seabiscuit Pacific Specific Plan – Lea Meridi ean Hotel and Mixed Use Project (SP-SP) 17
The Seabiscuit Pacific Specific Plan consists of a 6.15-acre mixed-use project, consisting of a 234-unit Marriott Full Service Hotel and 8-story mixed-use residential site with 96 dwelling units. The project proposed 595 total parking spaces on surface and parking garage settings. According to Section 1.3 of the Specific Plan, the Seabiscuit Pacifica Specific Plan was developed with the overall framework of the City of Arcadia’s development standards, except for a few guidelines, customized for the specific plan. It should be noted that if not mentioned in the following guidelines, the City of Arcadia’s development standards should prevail:
o Height Limit
o Buildings in Zone H may exceed the height defined by its zone, yet shall not exceed:
o Zone H4 - Four stories or forty-five feet
o Zone H5 - Five stories or fifty-five feet
o Zone H6 - Six stories or sixty-five feet
o Zone H7 - Seven stories or seventy-five feet
o Zone H8 - Eight stories or ninety-five feet
Landscaping
• There are many new trees, shrubs, and ground covers that have been planted to enhance the aesthetics of the site. The project landscaping plans attempted to preserve the existing mature trees onsite to the extent feasible, based on the tree assessment.

Signs
• Typical directional and room designation signage conform with City of Arcadia code requirements.

F. Variety of Housing Types Permitted
California Housing Element Law mandates that jurisdictions must make sites available through zoning and development standards to promote the development of a variety of housing types for all socioeconomic levels

17 Seabiscuit Pacifica Specific Plans. (2018). Available on https://www.arcadiaca.gov/Shape%20Arcadia/Development%20Services/specific%20plans/3.FinalAme ndedSPSP_62018.pdf.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-22 of the population. Housing types include single-family homes, multi-family housing, accessory dwelling units, factory-built homes, mobile-homes, employee and agricultural work housing, transitional and supportive housing, single-room occupancy (SROs), and housing for persons with disabilities. Table 3-6 shows the various housing types permitted throughout the City of Arcadia.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-23

Table 3-6: Housing Types Permitted in Arcadia
Land Uses
Housing
Types
Residential Commercial Industrial Downtown Zones Special Purpose Zones R-M
R-0
R-1
R-2
R-3
R-3R
C-O
C-G
C-R
M-1
CBD
MU
DMU
C-M
PF
OS-OR
OS-RP
RR
S-1
Single-
Family P P P P P - NA NA NA NA - - P - NA NA NA NA NA
Multi-Family - - - P P P NA NA NA NA M M M - NA NA NA NA NA Two-Family
Dwelling - - - P P P NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Accessory
Dwelling
Unit

A A A A A A NA NA NA NA A A A - NA NA NA NA NA
Junior
Accessory
Dwelling
Unit

A A A - - NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Residential
Care Facility
- Six or
fewer
persons

P P P P P P NA NA NA NA - - P P NA NA NA NA NA
Residential
Care
Facilities -
Seven or
More
Persons

NA NA NA NA NA NA C C - - NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-24

Supportive
Housing -
Housing
Type
- - - P P P NA NA NA NA M
(UF)
M
(UF)
M
(UF) - NA NA NA NA NA
Supportive
Housing -
Residential
Care Facility
Small Type

P P P P P P NA NA NA NA - - C C NA NA NA NA NA
Supportive
Housing -
Residential
Care Facility
Large Type

NA NA NA NA NA NA C C - - NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Transitional
Housing -
Housing
Type
- - - P P P NA NA NA NA M
(UF)
M
(UF)
M
(UF) - NA NA NA NA NA
Transitional
Housing -
Residential
Care Facility
Small Type

P P P P P P NA NA NA NA - - - C NA NA NA NA NA
Transitional
Housing -
Residential
Care Facility
Large Type

NA NA NA NA NA NA C C - - NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Boarding
House - - - - - - NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-25

Emergency
Shelter NA NA NA NA NA NA - - - P NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Hotel and
Motel NA NA NA NA NA NA - C - - C C C C NA NA NA NA NA
Live/Work
Unit NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA M M M - NA NA NA NA NA Notes:

P – Permitted
A – Permitted as an Accessory Use
M – Minor Use Permit Required
C – Conditional Use Permit Required
(UF)- Uses are Permitted on Upper Floor only
NA- No Information
Source: City of Arcadia Municipal Code, Division 2: Zones, Allowable Uses, and Development Standards

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-26 Single-Family Dwelling
Single-Family Dwellings are defined by the City of Arcadia’s Zoning Code as a detached structures containing no more than one dwelling unit which, regardless of form of ownership, is designed and/or used to house not more than one household. Single-Family Dwellings are permitted in the R-M, R-0, R-1, R-2, R-3 residential zones.

Multi-Family Dwelling
Multi-Family Dwellings are defined by the City of Arcadia’s Zoning Code as a structure or portion thereof containing three or more dwelling units designed for the independent occupancy of three or more households.

Multi-Family Dwellings are permitted in the R-3 and R-3-R residential zones and can be permitted in downtown zones CBD, MU and DMU with a minor use permit.

Two-Family Dwelling
Two-Family Dwellings are defined by the City of Arcadia’s Zoning Code as a building containing two complete dwelling units designed for the independent occupancy of two households. Two-Family Dwellings are permitted in residential zones R-2, R-3, and R-3-R.

Accessory Dwelling Unit
Accessory Dwelling Units are defined by the City of Arcadia’s Zoning Code as an attached or detached unit which provides complete, independent living facilities for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, and sanitation on the same parcel as an existing qualified primary dwelling unit as situated and is no larger than 850 square feet for one bedroom or 1,000 square feet for two bedrooms.

Accessory Dwelling Units are permitted as an acce ssory use in R-M, R-0, R-1, R-2, R-3, R- 3-R residential zones as well as CBD, MU and DMU zones.

Junior Accessory Dwelling Unit
Junior Accessory Dwelling Units are defined by the City of Arcadia’s Zoning Code as an accessory dwelling unit that is contained entirely within an existing or proposed single family structure and is not more than 500 square feet in area, which provides independent living facilities, including provisions for cooking and either separate or shared sanitation on the same parcel as an existing qualified primary dwelling unit is situated.

Residential Care Facility- Small and Large
A Residential Care Facility is defined by the City of Arcadia’s Zoning Code as any facility, place, or building which is maintained and operated to provide 24-hour care of persons in need of personal services, supervision, or assistance essential for sustaining the activities of daily living or for the protection of the individual. The Housing type, Residential Care Facility, is defined as one residence that operates as a group living facility, where the residents share a common living area and kitchen. Residential Care facilities with six or fewer residents (small), excluding staff, is pe rmitted in R-M, R-0, R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-3-R residential zones.

Residential Care Facilities with more than seven persons (large), excluding staff, is permitted with a conditional use permit in C-O and C-G commercial zones.

Supportive Housing – Housing Type, Small, and Large
The term Supportive Housing (per California Government Code Section 65582[f], as may be amended) shall mean a dwelling unit occupied by a target population, with no limit on length of stay, that is linked to on-site or off-site services that assist the supportive housing resident(s) in retaining the housing, improving their health status, and maximizing their ability to live and, when possible, work in the community. A target population means

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-27 persons with low incomes having one or more disabilities, including mental illness, HIV or AIDS, substance abuse, or other chronic health conditions, or individuals eligible for services provided under the Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Services Act (Welfare and Institutions [W&I] Code Section 4500) and may include— among other populations—adults, emancipated youth, families, families with children, elderly persons, young adults aging out of the foster care system, individuals exiting from institutional settings, veterans, and homeless people. Supportive housing may be designed as a residential group living facility or as a regular residential use and includes the following:

Supportive Housing - Housing Type is defined as two or more dwelling units on one parcel, where each unit functions as a single housekeeping unit and no on-site social services are provided.

Supportive Housing - Residential Care Facility Small Type is defined as one residential facility on a parcel with six residents or fewer (including minor children), excluding staff, that operates as a group living facility, where the residents share a common living area and a kitchen.

Supportive Housing - Residential Care Facility Large Type is defined as a residential facility with seven or more residents that operates as a group living facility where the residents share a common living area and a kitchen.

Supportive Housing (Housing Type) is permitted in R-2, R-3, and R-3-R as well as in CMD, MU, DMU with a minor use permit for upper floors only. Supportive Housing with six or fewer residents (small), excluding staff, is permitted in R-M, R-0, R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-3-R residential zones. Supportive Housing with more than seven persons (large), excluding staff, is permitted with a conditional use permit in C-O and C-G commercial zones.

The City will update its Municipal Code to align with AB 2162 (Supportive Housing Streamlined Approvals) as outlined in Program 5-24.

Transitional Housing – Housing Type, Small, and Large
The term Transitional Housing (per California Government Code Section 65582[h], as may be amended) shall mean buildings configured as rental housing developments, but operated under program requirements that require the termination of assistance and recirculating of the assisted unit to another eligible program recipient at a predetermined future point in time that shall be no less than six months from the beginning of assistance. Transitional housing may be designed as a residential group living facility or as a regular residential use and includes the following:

Transitional Housing - Housing Type is defined as two or more dwelling units on one parcel, where each unit functions as a single housekeeping unit and no on-site social services are provided.

Transitional Housing - Residential Care Facility Small Type is defined as one residential facility on a parcel with six residents or fewer (including minor children), excluding staff, that operates as a group living facility, where the residents share a common living area and a kitchen.

Transitional Housing - Residential Care Facility Large Type is defined as a residential facility with seven or more residents that operates as a group living facility where the residents share a common living area and a kitchen.

Transitional Housing (Housing Type) is permitted in R-2, R-3, and R-3-R as well as in CMD, MU, DMU with a minor use permit for upper floors only. Transitional Housing with six or fewer residents (small), excluding staff, is permitted in R-M, R-0, R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-3-R residential zones as well as C-M commercial zone.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-28 Transitional Housing with more than seven persons (large), excluding staff, is permitted with a conditional use permit in the C-O and ,C-G commercial zones.

The City will update its Municipal Code to align with the Emergency and Transitional Housing Act of 2019 as outlined in Program 5-24.

Boarding House
Boarding Houses are defined by the City of Arcadia’s Zoning Code as a residence or dwelling, other than a motel or hotel, wherein two or more rooms, with or without cooking facilities in the rooms and/or for groups, are rented to individuals, persons or groups under separate rental agreements or leases, either written or oral, whether or not an owner, agent or rental manager is in residence. Boarding houses are not permitted in residential zones.

Emergency Shelter
Emergency Shelter is defined by the City of Arcadia’s Zoning Code as housing with minimal supportive services for homeless persons that is limited to an occupancy time of six months or less. Emergency Shelter cannot be denied because of a person’s inability to pay. Emergency Shelters are permitted in the M-1 industrial zone.

The City permits emergency shelters by -right without a discretionary approval process in the Light Industrial (MǦ1) zone. Emergency shelters are subject to the same development standards as an industrial building. The M-1 zone contains large parcels with existing uses that are older and underutilized, including many warehousing uses. Such uses can be converted to accommodate emergency shelter use. Properties in the M Ā1 zone are also located close to or along major arterials and thus easily accessible to transit and other services.

The existing management standards and use standards and can be found in Section 9104.02.140 of the City’s Development. Emergency shelters are required to have onsite management and onsite security during all hours of operation. Emergency shelters are not allowed to have designated exterior waiting areas or client intake areas.

The City has committed to Program 5-24XXX in order to allow emergency housing in XX zones.to comply with the Emergency and Transitional Housing Act of 2019.

Hotel and Motel
Hotel is defined by the City of Arcadia’s Zoning code as a commercial establishment offering overnight visitor accommodations, but not providing room rentals on an hourly basis. Motel is defined by the Zoning Code as a lodging establishment typically featuring a series of rooms whose entrances are immediately adjacent to a parking lot. Hotel and Motel is permitted with a conditional use permit in C-G, CBD, MU, DMU and C-M zones.

Live/Work Unit
A Live/Work unit is defined as a unit that combines a work space and incidental residential occupancy for use by a single household. The working space is reserved for and regularly used by one or more occupants of the unit. Living space includes, but is not limited to, a sleeping area, a food preparation area with reasonable work space, and a full bathroom including bathing and sanitary facilities which satisfy the provisions of applicable codes. Live/Work Units are permitted in the CBD, MU and DMU zones with a minor use permit.

Single-Room Occupancy
A Single-Room Occupancy is defined as a building or buildings constructed or converted for residential living consisting of one-room dwelling units, where each unit is occupied by a single individual or two persons living together as a domestic unit, and where the living and sleeping spaces are combined. A unit that contains both a bathroom and kitchen shall be considered a studio unit and not a Single-Room Occupancy. Single-Room

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-29 Occupancies are permitted in all multi-family residential zones (R-2, R-3 and R-3-R) either through supportive housing, transitional housing, or residential care facility.

Employee Housing
Employee housing is permitted in the Special Use Zone for the Santa Anita Racetrack (S-1). While the City is compliant with the Employee Housing Act, the City does not have a definition of Employee Housing in its Municipal Code and has committed to Program 5-24 to add a definition of Employee Housing that is compliant with State Law. has committed to Program 5-XXX in order to better define employee housing in the municipal code.

Mobile Homes
Mobile homes may be used as temporary workspaces in construction spaces and for short term use up to 12 months. Mobile homes are not permitted for long term use as housing or workspaces.

Manufactured Homes
Manufactured homes are defined as a structure either wholly or mainly manufactured at an off-site location and is assembled on site on a permanent foundation with permanent service connections. The definition does not include a mobile home, mobile accessory structure, or an automobile trailer or recreational vehicle.

Manufactured homes are permitted in the City of Arcadia as a temporary accessory use.

Short Term Rentals and Unoccupied Housing
The City of Arcadia’s Short Term Rental Ordinance prohibits short term rentals allowing for more housing supply for Arcadia residents. Additionally, the City of Arcadia maintains an unoccupied housing registry. The unoccupied housing registry requires that owners of unoccupied homes pay a fee and register their homes as unoccupied. This provides an incentive to keep housing occupied to the extent that owners can.

G. Housing for Persons with Disabilities
Both the Federal Fair Housing Amendment Act (FHAA) and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act direct require governments to make reasonable accommodations (that is, modifications or exceptions) in their zoning laws and other land use regulations to afford disabled persons an equal opportunity to access housing.

State law also requires cities to analyze potential and actual constraints to the development, maintenance, and improvement of housing for persons with disabilities.

The Housing Element Update must also include programs that remove constraints or provide reasonable accommodations for housing designed for persons with disabilities. The analysis of constraints must touch upon each of three general categories: 1) zoning/land use; 2) permit and processing procedures; and 3) building codes and other factors, including design, loc ation and di scrimination, which could limit the availability of housing for disabled persons.

Reasonable Accommodation 18

18 Municode. Arcadia, CA. Available at
https://library.municode.com/ca/arcadia/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTIXDIUSLA_CH1DECO_DIV7PEP RPR_S9107.17REAC. Accessed on August 27, 2021.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-30 Reasonable accommodation in the land use and zoning context means providing individuals with disabilities or developers of housing for people with disabilities, flexibility in the application of land use and zoning and building regulations, policies, practices and procedures, or even waiving certain requirements, when it is necessary to eliminate barriers to housing opportunities. For example, it may be reasonable to accommodate requests from persons with disabilities to waive a setback requirement or other standard of the Zoning Code to ensure that homes are accessible for the mobility impaired. Whether a particular modification is reasonable depends on the circumstances.

The City of Arcadia’s Municipal Code defines an individual with a disability as a person who has a physical or mental impairment that limits or substantially limits one or more major life activities, anyone who is regarded as having this type of impairment, or anyone who has a record of this type of impairment. These individuals are protected under the Federal Fair Housing Act and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act (the Acts).

The Code specifies that reasonable accommodation must be granted if all of the following findings are made:
o The housing, which is the subject of the request, will be used by individual disabled as defined under the Acts.
o The requested reasonable accommodation is necessary to make specific housing available to an individual with a disability under the Acts.
o The requested reasonable accommodation would not impose an undue financial or administrative burden on the city.
o The requested reasonable accommodation would not require a fundamental alteration in the nature of a city program or law, including, but not limited to, land use and zoning. o The requested reasonable accommodation would not adversely impact surrounding properties or uses. o There are no reasonable alternatives that would provide an equivalent level of benefit without requiring a modification or exception to the city's applicable rules, standards and practices.

To be considered for a reasonable accommodation, the Development Services Director must approve or conditionally approve an application, followed by a ten-day public notice to adjacent property owners. The decision may be appealed to the Planning Commission for review. An application for reasonable accommodation must include all of the following:
o Certification and documentation that the applicant is a person with disability or representing a person(s) with disability.
o The name and address of the person requesting reasonable accommodation. o The name and address of the property owner(s).
o A description and diagram depicting the reasonable accommodation requested by the applicant. o An explanation of how the requested accommodation is necessary to provide the person(s) with disability equal opportunity to use and enjoy the residence.
o The director may request additional information from the applicant if the application does not provide sufficient information to make the findings required in Section E. o Fee as established through the city's fee schedule, if the project requires another discretionary permit, the fee(s) for all other discretionary permits shall be paid. o If an individual needs assistance in making the request for reasonable accommodation, the city will provide assistance to ensure the process is accessible.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-31 In the past year, the City received 6 applications for reasonable accommodations. 3 of the applications were approved and 3 were closed because the applicant decided not to pursue the project. The City will implement Program 5-31: Fair Housing to further reduce barriers to provide reasonable accommodations.

H. Development Fees
Residential developers are subject to a variety of permitting, development, and impact fees in order to access services and facilities as allowed by State law. The additional cost to develop, maintain, and improve housing due to development fees result in increased housing unit cost, and therefore is generally considered a constraint to housing development. However, fees are necessary to provide planning and public services in Arcadia.

The location of projects and housing type result in varying degrees of development fees. The presumed total cost of development is also contingent on the project meeting city policies and regulations and the circumstances involved in a particular development project application. Table 3-7 provides the planning processing fees, Table 3-8 provides the permit processing fees, and Error! Reference source not found. provides development impact fees for the City. Planning processing, permit processing, and development impact fees are available on the City’s website.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-32 Table 3-7: Planning and Land Use Fees
Fee Type Fee
Site Plan and Design Reviews (Multiple Family)
New, Up to 20 Dwelling Units $2,750
Amendment, Up to 20 Dwelling Units $1,610
New, 21+ Dwelling Units $6,821
Amendment, 21+ Dwelling Units $2,391
Remodel/Addition $1,618
Site Plan and Design Reviews (Single Family)
New $2,245
New - Amendment $1,059
Remodel/Addition $1,131
Remodel/Addition - Amendment $507
Historic Preservation
Designation of a Local Landmark $1,890
Designation of a Historic District $2,625
Mills Act Contract Application $1,050
Certificate of Appropriateness (Major) $1,680
Certificate of Appropriateness (Minor) $945
Certificate of Demolition
Director's Review $187
Referred to Planning Commission $1,260 (plus CEQA Fees) Appeal $630
Conditional Use Permit
New $2,934
Amendment $1,940
Extension $133
Appeal $630
Minor Use Permit
New $1,410
Amendment $721
Appeal $630
Variance New $2,564
Amendment $1,748

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-33 Table 3-7: Planning and Land Use Fees
Fee Type Fee
Appeal $630
Administrative Modifications
Minor Director's Review $626
Major Director's Review $1,112
Reasonable Accommodation $1,260
Commission's Review $2,330
Appeal $630
Extension $187
Reasonable Accommodation $1,260
Home Occupation Permits*
Administrative $40
Hearing $263
Determination of Use $1,927
Specific Plan Application $8,892
Amendment $4,771
General Plan Amendment $7,303
Text Amendment $4,900
Zone Change $6,783
Planned Developments $7,828
Subdivisions
Lot Line Adjustment w/Certificate of Compliance $1,770
Tentative or Vesting Tentative Parcel Map $1,276
Tentative or Vesting Tentative Tract Map for Family Lots (+$30 for each lot above 5) $2,360
Tentative or Vesting Tentative Tract Map for
Condominiums $1,359
Appeal $630
Extension $257
Final Map $1,634
Parcel Map Waiver $762

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-34 Table 3-7: Planning and Land Use Fees
Fee Type Fee
Amendment to an Approved Tentative Map and/or conditions and/or conditions $1,022
Lot Mergers $1,354
Certificate of Compliance $838
Environmental Review (CEQA)
Initial Study -
Negative Declaration/Mitigated Neg. Dec. $1,575
Environmental Impact Report (EIR) At Cost
LA County Clerk Posting/Processing $75
CA Dept. of Fish & Wildlife Filing with NOD
Negative Declarations (ND & MND) $2,480.25
Environmental Impact Report (EIR)
Environmental Document per a Certified Regulatory Program (CRP) $3,445.25 Environmental Document per a Certified Regulatory Program (CRP) $1,721.25 Temporary Use Permit*
Application $574
Council Review $1,437
Zoning Clearance $285
Development Agreement At Cost
Development Agreement Amendment At Cost
Development Agreement Periodic Review $1,034
Covenant Preparation $327
General Plan Document* $75
General Plan Land Use Map* 27 x 35 map $25
11 x 17 map $2
Zoning Map* 27 x 35 Map $25
11x 17 Map $2
Accessory Dwelling Unit Zoning Clearance $285
Covenant $327

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-35 Table 3-7: Planning and Land Use Fees
Fee Type Fee
Source: City of Arcadia. (2021). Planning Fees. Available at https://cms9files.revize.com/arcadia/Shape%20Arcadia/Development%20Services/planning/Planning%20Fees%20(with%205%20percent%20ROUNDED)%207-1-

21.pdf
Note:
• All fees include a 5% General Plan Update fee except for those marked with an asterisk (*). • All fees are the same for multiple family and single family unless otherwise indicated.

Table 3-8: Permit Processing Fees
Valuation Fee
$1.00 to $500 $40.65
$501 to $2,000
$40.65 for the first $500.00 plus $4.20 for each additional $100.00 or fraction thereof, to and including $2,000.00

$2,001 to $25,000
$103.65 for the first $2,000.00 plus $16.70 for each additional $1,000.00 or fraction thereof, to and including $25,000.00

$25,001 to $50,000
$487.75 for the first $25,000.00 plus $12.75 for each additional $1,000.00 or fraction thereof, to and including $50,000.00

$50,001 to $100,000
$806.50 for the first $50,000.00 plus $8.35 for each additional $1,000.00 or fraction thereof, to and including $100,000.00

$100,001 and up
$1,224.00 for the first $100,000.00 plus $6.90 for each additional $1,000.00 or fraction thereof.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-36 Table 3- 9: Development Impact Fees
Fee Type Planning Fee1 Building Fees
Single-family Detached $2,245 $2.85 per SF
School Fees (Residential) $4.08 per SF
Single Family/Condo/Townhome $1,983 per unit

Multi-family (up to 20 units) $2,750 $3.73 per SF
Multi-family (21 or more units) $6,821 $3.73 per SF
School Fees (Residential) $4.08 per SF
Apartment $1,229 per SF
Condo/Townhome $1,983 per SF
Assisted Living $343 per unit
Notes:
1 These fees can be partially waived for affordable units

The development fees associated with each project is dependent on the housing type, density, intensity of use, and location. In addition to these direct fees, the total cost of development is contingent on the project meeting the City’s policies and standards, as well as the project applicant submitting necessary documents and plans in a timely manner.

The development fees associated with each project is dependent on the housing type, density, intensity of use, and location. In addition to these direct fees, the total cost of development is contingent on the project meeting the City’s policies and standards, as well as the project applicant submitting necessary documents and plans in a timely manner.

The estimated total development and impact fees for a typical single-family residential project, assuming it is not part of a subdivision and is consistent with existing city policies and regulations, can range from $23,063.66 to $27,193.91. Estimated total development and impact fees for a typical multi-family residential project with ten units, assuming it is consistent with existing city policies and regulations range from $196,978.06 to $201,108.31. See Table 3-10 and Table 3-12 for a cost breakdown.

These estimates are illustrative in nature and that actual costs are contingent upon unique circumstance inherent in individual dev elopment project applications. Considering the cost of land in Arcadia, and the International Code Council (ICC) estimates for cost of labor and materials, the combined costs of permits and fees range from approximately 2.19% percent to 2.2% percent of the direct cost of development for a single-family residential project and 1.7% percent to 2% percent for a multi-family residential project. Direct costs do not include, landscaping, connection fees, on/off-site improvements, shell construction or amenities, therefore the percentage of development and impact fees charged by the City may be smaller if all direct and indirect costs are included.

Table 3-11: Land and Construction Costs

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-37 Single Family Multi-Family
Land Cost (9,000 sf lot)1: $915,030 Land Cost (43,560 sf lot): $4,428,745.20 Construction Cost (3,000 sf structure)2:
$416,370
Construction Cost (2 story – 34,848 sf structure)3:
$4,362,272.60
Total Cost
$1,331,400 $8,791,017.80
Notes:
1- Land Cost: $101.76 sq.ft. average land value
2- Construction Cost: $138.79/sf for single-family
3- Construction Cost: $125.18/sf for multi-family

Table 3-12: Total Development and Impact Fees Cost Breakdown Single Family Multi-Family
Low Estimate $23,063.66 Low Estimate $196,978.06
Site Plan (New) $2,245 Site Plan (New) $2,750
Home Occupation
Permits $303 Home Occupation
Permits $303
Permit Processing
Fees for $100,001
and Up
$9,720.66 Permit Processing Fees
for $100,001 and Up $61,192.02
School Fees
(Single Family
Detached)
$10,795 (Including Planning
Fee)
School Fees (Multi-
Family up to 20 units)
$132,733.04
(Including Planning
Fee)
High (+CEQA)
Estimate $27,193.91 High (+CEQA) Estimate $201,108.31
Site Plan (New) $2,245 Site Plan (New) $2,750
Home Occupation
Permits $303 Home Occupation
Permits $303
Permit Processing
Fees for $100,001
and Up
$9,720.66 Permit Processing Fees
for $100,001 and Up $61,192.02
School Fees
(Single Family
Detached)
$10,795 (Including Planning
Fee)
School Fees (Multi-
Family up to 20 units)
$132,733.04
(Including Planning
Fee)
Environmental
Review (Initial
Study)
$1,575 Environmental Review
(Initial Study) $1,575
LA County Clerk
Processing $75 LA County Clerk
Processing $75
CA Dept of Fish
and Wildlife Filing
with NOD
(Negative
Declarations)
$2,480.25
CA Dept of Fish and
Wildlife Filing with NOD
(Negative Declarations)
$2,480.25

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-38 Table 3- 13: Percent of total Direct (Available) Costs:

Single Family Multi-Family
Low 1.7% Low 2.19%
High 2% High 2.2%

When compared to development fees from surrounding jurisdictions, the City of Arcadia’s fees are on the higher endhigher in comparison . For example, a permit that has a value between $1.00 and $500.00 requires a fee of $37.85 in Monrovia19, $29.00 in Pasadena20, and $40.65 in Arcadia. While the fees appear high, they would donly make up approximately 2 percent of total costs to building in Arcadia. Therefore, they are not a constraint.

I. On-/Off-Site Improvements
Site improvements in the City consist of those typically associated with development for on-site improvements (improvements within the lot or property boundaries specific to the project or development), and off-site improvements which are required as a result of a development or project (curb, gutter, sidewalk, road widening and upgrading; stormwater facilities; and traffic improvements). Additional requirements for improvement implementation can be found in the Arc adia Municipal Code (AMC) § 9105.09. Per the municipal code, improvements are required to be installed or agreed upon by a subdivider as a condition precedent to filing a final map or parcel map. All improvements shall be constructed in compliance with the standards approved by the City Engineer. Thus, these Requiring improvements inflict are costs that may influence the sale or rental price of housing.

Because residential development cannot take place without the addition of adequate infrastructure, site improvement requirements are considered a regular component of development of housing within the City.

The majority of cost associated with on- and off-site improvements is reimbursed to the City in the form of Development Impact Fees as these improvements would impact public facilities such as water and sewer lines. However, since these improvements are necessary to build adequate housing, they would not be a constraint to housing development. Table 3- 10
Building Codes and Enforcement
The City has adopted the 2019 California Building Code as the basis of its building code, including the ancillary information within the tables, attachments, addendums, and footnotes. This would include the California Administrative Code, Building Code, Residential Code, Electrical Code, Mechanical Code, Plumbing Code, Energy Code, Historical Building Code, Fire Code, Existing Building Code, Green Building Standards Code, and California Referenced Standards Code. The adopted California Building Code therefore ensures a consistent development standard that would be promoted throughout the State. The 2019 California Building Standards Code is the newest edition with an effective date of January 1, 2020.

The City has amended the Building Code. Some amendments include further regulating the slopes into subterranean parking, acoustic requirements, and not allowing mechanical or plumbing infrastructure to run between share walls in condominiums. These amendments would not put a constrain on housing development as they do not relate to the provision of housing nor the affordability of housing units. The City

19 City of Monrovia. 2021. Schedule of Fees & Charges- Fiscal Year 2021-2022. Available at https://www.cityofmonrovia.org/home/showpublisheddocument/26154/637641916081730000. 20 City of Pasadena. 2021. General Fee Schedule Update. Pg. 8. Available at https://www.cityofpasadena.net/finance/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/FY-2022-Adopted-General-Fee- Schedule.pdf?v=1631111377237.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-39 strives to provide reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities in the enforcement of building codes and the issuance of building permits.

In partnership with the people of Arcadia, the Code Services Division monitors and enforces the ordinances in the Arcadia Municipal Code adopted by the Arcadia City Council to help maintain and promote a healthy, safe, and pleasant environment for everyone to live, work, and play. From 2018 through 2021, Code Enforcement staff indicated that there are 4,419 pr operty maintenance cases in Arcadia. Approximately 2,367 of the cases were related to housing maintenance.

Code enforcement in Arcadia is designed to keep housing safe and protect the general welfare of the community. The Code philosophy in Arcadia is to find solutions rather than lead with citations. There are no policies that would hinder the production of housing units or the elimination of units nor any code enforcement policies that would hinder affordability.

Local Processing and Permit Procedures 21
Depending on the magnitude and complexity of the development proposal, the time that elapses from application submittal to project approval may vary considerably. Factors that can affect the length of development review on a proposed project include the completeness of the development application and the responsiveness of developers to staff comments and requests for information. Approval times are substantially lengthened for projects that are not exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), require zoning or general plan amendments, or encounter community opposition.

Applicants for all permits or reviews are recommended to a request a preapplication conference with the respective department to: confirm City requirements as they apply to the proposed project; discuss the City’s review process, possible project alternatives or revisions; and identify information and materials the City will require with the application, and any necessary technical studies and information relating to the environmental review of the project.

All plans are first reviewed by City Staff for completeness before it is accepted and officially filed. Once an application is accepted as complete, City Staff may require the applicant to submit additional information needed for the environmental review of the project in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) prior to the review by the appropriate authority. Various applications may also require public notice and a public hearing. Division 7, Section 9107.03 of Arcadia’s Code of Ordinances provides the standards and procedures for submitting and obtaining permits. Table 3-14 identifies the appropriate review authority for each planning permit application.

Table 3-14: Designated Authority for Permits and Appeals Type of Action
Role of Review Authority1
Director Commission Council
Legislative Action
Development Agreements and Amendments R R D
Development Code Amendments R R D

21 Municode. Arcadia, CA. Available at
https://library.municode.com/ca/arcadia/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=ARTIXDIUSLA_CH1DECO_DIV7PEP RPR_S9107.03APPRPR_9107.03.020APSU. Accessed on August 27, 2021.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-40 Table 3-14: Designated Authority for Permits and Appeals Type of Action
Role of Review Authority1
Director Commission Council
General Plan Amendments R R D
Specific Plans and Amendments R R D
Zoning Map Amendments R R D
Planning Permits and Approvals and Administrative Actions Administrative Modifications See Table 7-2 in Section 9107.05 Certificates of Demolition D A A
Conditional Use Permits R D A
Home Occupation Permits D A A
Interpretations D A A
Minor Use Permits D A A
Planned Developments D D A
Reasonable Accommodations D A A
Sign Permits D A A
Site Plan and Design Review D D/A A
Site Plan and Design Review (HOA Areas) D A A
Temporary Use Permits D A A
Tree Encroachment, Preservation, and Removal See Section 9110.01 for specific thresholds Variances R D A
Zoning Clearances I A A
Zoning Clearances (ADU) I A A
R = Review Authority makes a recommendation to a higher decision-making body D = Decision made by Reviewing Authority
I = Decision after Confirmed Compliance
A = Reviewing Authority may consider and decide upon appeal Permit Processing
The Code states that requests for permits, licenses, appeals, amendments, approvals, and other discretionary actions required or allowed require that a city application form f illed out in its entirety be submitted to the department. In addition, other materials, reports, dimensioned plans, or other information required to take an action on the application, and application check list, must be submitted with the

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-41 application. The application checklist of required items for each type of application is available as a handout at the department.

Applications must be determined complete by the director before they are processed, as outlined in the municipal code, a complete application consists of the following:
o The application form with all applicable information included on, or attached to, the form; o Other information or forms required for implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) in compliance with city and state guidelines for the implementation of CEQA; o A statement indicating that the applicant is the owner of the property or is the legal representative of the property owner(s);
o If the application requires a public hearing, a list of the names and addresses of all owners of the property in compliance with Division 8, Section 9108.13 (Public Hearings) of the Municipal Code; o Payment in full of the required fees and/or deposit for processing the application, in compliance with the council's fee resolution (Fees outlined above);
o Other information required by the director; and
o An application for variance shall include evidence to substantiate the basis for approval, in compliance with Division 7, 9107.25.050 (Findings and Decision).

Site Plan and Design Review
Division 7, Section 9107.19 of Arcadia’s Municipal Code outlines the process for site plan and design review of development projects, which are intended to protect the integrity and character of the residential, commercial, and industrial areas of the city, consistent with the general plan. Site plan and design review are required to be approved before construction any structure, or relocate, rebuild, or significantly enlarge or modify any existing structure or site begins. There are three levels of review that a site plan may go through to get approved:
o Director review with no public notice;
o Director review with public notice; and
o Commission meeting with required public notice and hearing; and The power to recommend, decide and appeal the project is dependent on the scope of the proposed project.

More minor projects could be decided through first director review, while more involved projects would be decided through the planning commission. The length of design review varies based on project complexity, however the process typically lasts two to three months.

A Development Plan Permit is required under the following conditions:
o New single-family residences;
o Minor first floor single-family residential additions and detached accessory structures; o Second story additions to existing residences;
o All development located on hillsides having a natural slope gradient of 20 percent or greater; o Multifamily residential construction;
o Any addition or change in the number of multifamily units; o As may otherwise be required by Table 7-3 in Section 9107.19.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-42 At the time of application submittal a review of configuration, design, location, and impact of the proposed use is conducted by comparing the use to established standards and design guidelines. This review determines whether the permit should be approved by weighing the public need for and the benefits to be derived from the use against the impacts it may cause.

J. Senate Bill 35
California Senate Bill 35 (SB 35), codified at Government Code Section 65913.41, was signed on September 29, 2017 and became effective January 1, 2018. SB 35 will automatically sunset on January 1, 2026 (Section 65913.4 (m)). The intent of SB 35 is to expedite and facilitate construction of affordable housing. SB 35 applies to cities and counties that have not made sufficient progress toward meeting their affordable housing goals for above moderate- and lower income levels as mandated by the State. In an effort to meet the affordable housing goals, SB 35 requires cities and counties to streamline the review and approval of certain qualifying affordable housing projects through a ministerial process.

When a jurisdictions has made insufficient progress toward their Above Moderate income RHNA and/or have not submitted the latest Housing Element Annual Progress Report (2018) it is subject to the streamlined ministerial approval process (SB 35 (Chapter 366, Statutes of 2017) streamlining) for proposed developments with at least 10 percent affordability.
22 All projects which propose at least 10 percent
affordable units within Arcadia are eligible for ministerial approval under SB 35 as determined by the SB 35 Statewide Determination Summary. To be eligible for SB 35 approval, sites must meet a long list of criteria, including:
o A multifamily housing development (at least two residential units) in an urbanized area; o Located where 75% of the perimeter of the site is developed; o Zoned or designated by the general plan for residential or mixed use residential; o In a location where the locality’s share of regional housing needs have not be satisfied by building permits previously issued;
o One that includes affordable housing in accordance with SB 35 requirements; o Consistent with the local government’s objective zoning and design review standards; and o Willing to pay construction workers the state-determined “prevailing wage.” A project does not qualify for SB 35 streamline processing if:
o A coastal zone, conservation lands, or habitat for protected species; o Prime farmland or farmland of statewide importance;
o Wetlands or lands under conservation easement;
o A very high fire hazard severity zone;
o Hazardous waste site;
o Earthquake fault zone;
o Flood plain or floodway;
o A site with existing multi-family housing that has been occupied by tenants in the last ten years or is subject to rent control; or

22 HCD. (2021). Streamline Ministerial Approval Process. Available at https://www.hcd.ca.gov/community-development/accountability- enforcement/docs/sb35determinationsummary10012020.pdf .

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-43 o A site with existing affordable housing.

K. Infrastructure Constraints
Another factor that could constrain new residential construction is the requirement and cost to provide adequate infrastructure (major and local streets; water and sewer lines; and street lighting) needed to serve new residential development. In most cases, where new infrastructure is required, it is funded by the developer and then dedicated to the City, which is then responsible for its maintenance. Because the cost of these facilities is generally borne by developers, it increases the cost of new construction, with much of that increased cost often “passed on” in as part of home rental or sales rates.

Dry Utilities
Electricity
Southern California Edison (SCE) delivers electricity purchased by the Clean Power Alliance (CPA) to Arcadia. According to the California Energy Commiss ion, SCE consumed approximately 80,912 million kilowatts per hour (kWh) of electricity in 2019. SCE continues to provide energy to the state of California through a series of methods including oil and natural gas, renewable energy resources and alternative diverse supplied. SCE is responsible for deliver ing electricity to a ll existing and future development in Arcadia.

Natural Gas
The Southern California Gas Company (SCGC) provides natural gas service to Arcadia and is the nation’s largest natural gas utility provider with more than to 21.8 million consumers across 24,000 square miles throughout Central and Southern California. As a public utility, SCGC is under the jurisdiction of the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) which regulates natural gas rates and natural gas services, including in state transportation over the utilities’ transmission and distribution pipelines system, storage, procurement, metering, and billing. Most of California’s natural gas supply comes from out of the state.

SCGC is responsible for providing service to residential, industrial, and commercial customers in Arcadia.

Water Supply and Wastewater Capacity
Water Supply
Water supply in Arcadia comes from groundwater from the Main San Gabriel Basin and the Raymond Basin and from treated surface water from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD). The City owns and operates its own water distribution system maintained by the Public Works Service Department According to the Hydrology Chapter of Arcadia’s G eneral Plan EIR, the M ain San Gabriel basin encompasses the larges t land area within Arcadia. Sever al areas within the City, primarily at the surrounding boundaries, are served by small private water agencies. The Sunny Slope Water Company, East Pasadena Water Company, and California-American Water Company serve areas along the western City boundary while the Southern California Water Company serves residents along the south and east boundaries.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-44 Water Demand and Supply Reliability 23
The City of Arcadia is supplied water by three different water sources, below is an analysis of current and future supply reliability for each source.

Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District
The Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District (Upper District) is a special district organized and operated pursuant to the California Water Code and serves the greater San Gabriel Valley area, including the Cities of Arcadia, El Monte, and Baldwin Park. While the City can purchase water from the Upper District, the City’s collective groundwater supplies are sufficient to meet water demands and treated imported water is only considered as an emergency water supply source.

Raymond Basin
Raymond Basin’s management is based upon the Raymond Basin Judgement. The City is a party to the Judgement and has established the right to 3,803.6 acre-feet of water annually.

Main Basin
Main Basin’s management is based upon Watermaster services under two Court Judgements. The City is a defendant and participat es in the managem ent of Main Basin. Main Ba sin operates under a cyclical model. The model does not restrict the quantity of water parties can take, rather it provides a means for replacing water that had been extracted in access that year. An Operating Safe Yield is established annually then each party is allocated a portion.

As a result of the Main Basin and Raymond Basin management and the demonstrated ability for the groundwater basin water level to recover, the City does not experience water supply constraints or deficiencies to its existing collective portfolio of water supplies. According to Arcadia’s 2015 Urban Water Management Plan, the current water sources are projected to be able to meet water demands over the next 20 under all projected yearly conditions.

Wastewater Capacity
The City of Arcadia’s local wast ewater collection is managed by the Arcadia Public Works Services Department, Utilities Section. The wastewater generated in Arcadia flows into regional trunk lines operated by the County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles. The Sanitation Districts manage a joint sewer outfall system that conveys collected wastewater to treatment plants located in Whittier. Since new development activity has the potential to result in increased wastewater flows, the City is continuing to monitor and plan for system enhancements as needed.

Fire and Emergency Services 24
Fire Prevention
The Arcadia Fire Department provides prevention and emergency response services to fires, search and rescue, disaster situations, and medical emergencies. The Department’s fire fleet consists of 21 vehicles and two trailers located throughout the community. The average respons e time of th e Arca dia Fire

23 City of Arcadia. (2015). Urban Water Management Plan. https://www.arcadiaca.gov/Shape%20Arcadia/Public%20Works%20Services%20Department/Water%20&%20Sew er%20Services/Urban%20Water%20Management%20Plan.pdf , pg. 100 – 103. 24 City of Arcadia. (2010). General Plan: Safety Element. https://www.arcadiaca.gov/Shape%20Arcadia/Development%20Services/general%20plan/Safety.pdf , pg. 8-29.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-45 Department is four to five minutes. Table 3-15 below identifies the Fire Department’s activit ies for April 2021, which represents a “typical” month of calls.

The City anticipates that the Arcadia Fire Department will be able to serve future housing units, as designated by the 2021-2029 RHNA allocation.

Table 3-15: Arcadia Fire and Rescue Activity Report for April 2021 Service Type Total Monthly Occurrence
Fire 6
Rescue & Emergency Medical Service 254
Hazardous Condition (No Fire) 5
Service Call/Public Assistance 22
Good Intent Call 33
False Alarm/False Call 38
Special Incident/Other 3
Overpressure Rupture/Explosion/Overheat 0
Sever Weather/Natural Disaster 2
Total Incidents 363
Source: City of Arcadia Fire Department, Fire Department Weekly Report, compiled for April 2021.

Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
Arcadia’s Emergency Medical Services responds to medical and trauma emergencies to initiate medical care to patients suffering from illness or injuries. Emergency medical and rescue services make up the majority of annual response incidents. As a result, Arcadia established a Paramedic Membership Program to minimize the cost to the community for emergency response as emergency medical and rescue services represents the majority of the City’s incidents. The program allows enrollees to voluntarily pay a nominal membership to protect its members from out-of-pocket expenses for emergency paramedic and ambulance transport services provided within Arcadia. Since the program’s inception, members have saved over one million dollars on emergency paramedic and ambulance services.

Police Services
The City of Arcadia Police Department is dedicated to providing the highest quality police service to enhance community safety, protect life and property and reduce crime. The Department is committed to working with the community to improve the quality of life throughout the community.

The Arcadia Police Department is made up of an Operations Division and Administration Division. The Operations Division is made up of a Patrol including Officers and Watch Commanders, S.W.A.T., Force Training Unit and Field Training Officers, a Reserve Officer Program, and the Traffic Enforcement Bureau.

The Administrative Division includes Investigation (Detective Bureau), Crime Analysis, Laboratory/Property and Evidence, Records Bureau, Jail Operations, Dispatch, Community Affairs, and other trainings and programs.

L. Environmental Constraints
The City of Arcadia is located south of the Angeles National Forest and adjacent to the San Gabriel Mountains which exposes the City to several environmental conditions that affect how housing can be used

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-46 and developed. The development of housing in the City is susceptible to several potential environmental constraints including geologic and seismic hazards, flooding, and fire hazards, all of which are detailed below.

Geologic and Seismic Hazards
According to the C ity of Arcadia’s Safety Element and Sect ion 4.6 of the General Plan EIR, Arcadia is located at the boundary between the Peninsular Ranges and the Transverse ranges. The San Gabriel Mountains adjacent to Arcadia are a part of the Transverse Ranges and are expressions of extensive faulting and movement of the plates that comprise the Earth’s surface, with local tectonic activity pushing the mountains upward at rate of up to two centimeters per year. The San Gabriel Mountains’ steep slopes historically caused massive volumes of rocks and debris to flow down into the San Gabriel Valley during periods of heavy rain, creating the rocky alluvial soils that underlie Arcadia.

Seismic Hazards
The City of Arcadia, like the rest of southern California, is located within a seismically active region. Faults and earthquakes present direct hazards from fault rupture and ground shaking as well as indirect hazards, described below.

Faults
There are five faults or groundwater barriers that may be faults that underlie Arcadia:
• Raymond Fault
• Sierra Madre Fault Zone and Associated Groundwater Barriers • Puente Hills (blind thrust)
• Upper Elysian Park (blind thrust)
• Eaton Wash groundwater barrier
From these five faults, the two potentially active faults that pass directly through Arcadia are the Sierra Madre and Raymond faults. In addition to these local faults, 20 faults have been identified within a 35-mile radius of City Hall. If any of the faults within the 35-mile radius were to achieve their maximum earthquake potential, the following faults represent the faults with the most potential for causing damage to the City due to ground shaking:
• Raymond Fault
• Sierra Madre Fault Zone and Associated Groundwater Barriers • Puente Hills (blind thrust)
• Upper Elysian Park (blind thrust)
• Clamshell-Sawpit
• Verdugo Fault
Flooding
Similar to most of Southern California, Arcadia is subject to unpredictable seasonal rainfall. Every few years, the region is subjected to intense and sustained rainfall which could result in localized flooding. The Los Angeles County Department of Public Wo rks has constructed re gional flood and debris control facilities throughout the region, including Arcadia. Due to the com bination of the region al and local storm drain system, no areas in Arcadia lie within a 100-year floodplain.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-47 Fire Hazards
Wildland Fires
A wildland fire is an uncontrolled fire spreading through vegetative fuels that may expose or consume structures. Although not located in a wilderness area, the threat of a wildland fire in or near Arcadia is high due to the topography and vegetation in northern Arcadia, the threat of fire to hillside developments of the San Gabriel Mountains is of real concern. The City has targeted high risk areas and implemented fire mitigation strategies and policies for new development to keep the area clear of possible fire fuels and to provide emergency access.

Urban Fires
According to the City’s Safety Element of the General Plan, urban fires accounted for less than four percent of the City’s total incident responses in 2007, however the damage to residential structures were estimated at $1.5 million. The Fire Department is focused on fire prevention and education to keep incident levels and damage low.

Mitigating Environmental Conditions
The proposed candidate housing sites (see Appendix A) have been chosen in order toa way that best mitigates environmental constraints. Sites in areas that were deemed at higher risk to fires, flooding, and seismic hazards were avoided in the selection process. Even with a conscious effort to avoid hazardous environmental conditions, there is still potential to be affected. Future housing development facilitated by the housing element updateHousing Element Update will be subject to environmental review by the discretion of the City and other res ponsible agencies. The re view proces s would further ensure that negative impact to the environment and environmental factors that could threaten residents are mitigated.environmental conditions would not act as a constraint to housing development in Arcadia.

33. Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing (AFFH)
Beginning January 1, 2019, AB 686 established new requirements for all California jurisdictions to ensure that local laws, programs, and activities affirmatively further fair housing. All Housing Elements due on or after January 1, 2021 must contain an Assessment of Fair Housing (AFH) consistent with the core elements of the analysis required by the federal Affirmatively Further Fair Housing Final Rule of July 16, 2015.

Fair housing is a condition in which individuals of similar income levels in the same housing market have like ranges of choice available to them regardless of race, color, ancestry, national origin, age, religion, sex, disability, marital status, familial status, source of income, sexual orientation, or any other arbitrary factor.

Under State law, affirmatively further fair housing means “taking meaningful actions, in addition to combatting discrimination, that overcome patterns of segregation and foster inclusiv e communities free from barriers that restrict access to opportunity based on protected characteristics.” The Analysis of Impediments Fair Housing (AFHI), to Fair Housing Choice, prepared for the County of Los Angeles, examines local housing conditions, economics, policies and practices in order to ensure that housing choices and opportunities for all residents are available in an environment free from discrimination.

The AFHl assembles fair housing information, identifies any existing impediments that limit housing choice, and proposes actions to mitigate those impediments. The Regional AFHI examines fair housing issues in

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-48 the County’s unincorporated areas and cooperating cities from 2019 to 2024, it includes additional fair housing issues and data for the City of Arcadia.25
A. Needs Assessment
The AFHI contains a Countywide analysis of demographic, housing, and specifically fair housing issues in the City of Arcadia. The City’s demographic and income profile, household and housing characteristics, housing cost and availability, and special needs populations were discussed in previous Section 2:

Community Profile.

Countywide AFHI Outreach FY 2017
As part of the Regional Analysis for the County, a series of regional discussion groups, Resident Advisory Board Meetings, community input meetings, and the 2017 Resident Fair Housing Survey were conducted.

Additionally, the County released a “2017 Fair Housing Survey” to residents in 2017. A total of 6,290 responses were received and it focused on displacement, perceived safety, rental increases, and discrimination. The survey was published in English, Russian, Armenian, Tagalog, Korean, Chinese, and Spanish and accessible through the City and County’s websites as well as through community meetings and mailings.

In addition, a Fair Housing Stakeholder Survey was conducted from January through April 2017 and collected a total of 108 responses. The Stakeholder survey focused on Fair Housing in the County, State and Federal Law, Fair Housing activities in the County and City of LA, Fair Housing in the public and private sectors. In addition, a separate Los Angeles County Planning and Zoning Survey was released from January through March 2017. The Survey presented 35 questions and elicited 49 responses.

No further fair housing outreach has been conducted by the Countyity. 2021 – 2029 Housing Element Update Outreach
As part of the 2021-2029 Housing Element Update, the City conducted extensive public outreach activities beginning in March of 2021. These outreach efforts included Community Workshops, an online community survey, digital media and engagement, and noticed Public Hearings. All project materials, including summaries from community workshops and the draft public review document are available on the City’s website: https://www.ArcadiaCA.gov/housing. In addition to digital media and engagement, the City also utilized utility mailers to reach a broader group of the population.

A detailed overview of all outreach efforts is provided in Appendix B: Community Engagement Summary of this Housing Element.

Compliance with State and Local Fair Housing Laws
Table 3-16: Compliance with State and Local Fair Housing Laws Law Compliance
California Fair Employment and Housing Act
(FEHA) establishes protections for employees
against discrimination, retaliation and harassment
in employment. All employment provisions of the
FEHA anti-discrimination provisions apply to all
employers with five or more full-time or part-time
Compliant.

25 2017 Assessment of Fair Housing for the Community Development Commission and Housing Authority of the County of Los Angeles. Retrieved http://file.lacounty.gov/SDSInter/bos/supdocs/116559.pdf

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-49 employees. In addition, the FEHA's anti-
harassment provisions apply to all employers with
only one or more employees.

Government Code section 65008 covers actions
of a city, county, city and county, or other local
government agency, and makes those actions null
and void if the action denies an individual or group
of individuals the enjoyment of residence,
landownership, tenancy, or other land use in the
state because of membership in a protected class,
the method of financing, and/or the intended
occupancy.

Compliant.

Government Code section 8899.50 requires all
public agencies to administer programs and
activities relating to housing and community
development in a manner to affirmatively further
fair housing and avoid any action that is materially
inconsistent with its obligation to affirmatively
further fair housing.

Compliant.

Government Code section 11135 et seq.
requires full and equal access to all programs and
activities operated, administered, or funded with
financial assistance from the state, regardless of
one’s membership or perceived membership in a
protected class.

Compliant. The City of Arcadia contracts with the
Housing Rights Center to provide resources and
workshops to increase fair housing resource
awareness within the City.

Density Bonus Law (Gov. Code § 65915.) Compliant. The City of Arcadia has a process for approving and implementing the Density Bonus
Law has included a program to ensure
compliance with the State Density Bonus Law.

Housing Accountability Act (Gov. Code
§65589.5.) establishes limitations to a local
government’s ability to deny, reduce the density
of, or make infeasible housing development
projects, emergency sh
elters, or farmworker
housing that are consistent with objective local
development standards and contribute to meeting
housing need.

Compliant. The City of Arcadia is currently
updating the City’s Housing Element in order to
maintain compliance with the Housing
Accountability Act that requires jurisdictions in the
State to have an adopted housing element that
successfully reaches their allocated housing goal.

The City currently has adopted the 5th Cycle
Housing Element.

No-Net-Loss (Gov. Code § 65863) ensures
development opportunities remain available
throughout the planning period to accommodate a
jurisdiction’s regional housing need allocation
(RHNA), especially for lower
- and moderate-
income households.

Compliant. The City of Arcadia is currently
updating the City’s Housing Element to maintain
compliance with the No-Net-Loss (Gov. Code §
65863). The Element ensures the City would
create positive net units. See Appendix A for
more information.

Least Cost Zoning Law (Gov. Code § 65913.1)
requires local agencies to designate and zone
sufficient vacant land for residential use with
"appropriate standards" to meet the housing
needs of all segments of the population, including
low and moderate income housing, as identified in
the housing element.

Compliant. The City of Arcadia is currently
updating the City’s Housing Element to maintain
compliance. The City of Arcadia has does not
have a sufficient amount of vacant land that
meets the “appropriate standards” for residential
use.

Excessive Subdivision Standards (Gov. Code
§ 65913.2)
Compliant. The City of Arcadia is currently in
compliance with the Excessive Subdivision
Standard that prohibits the creation of laws and

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-50 regulations that impose excessive standards on
housing developments and utilities.

Limits on growth controls (Gov. Code §
65302.8.) ensures that if a county or city, including
a charter city, adopts or amends a mandatory
general plan element which operates to limit the
number of housing units which may be
constructed on an annual basis, such adoption or
amendment shall contain findings which justify
reducing the housing opportunities of the region.

Compliant. The City of Arcadia has not adopted
any growth controls which limit the number of
housing units that may be constructed on an
annual basis.

Housing Element Law (Gov. Code, § 65583,
esp. subds. (c)(5), (c)(10).) promotes and
affirmatively furthers fair housing opportunities
and promote housing throughout the community
or communities for all persons regardless of race,
religion, sex, marital status, ancestry, national
origin, color, familial status, or disability, and other characteristics protected by the California Fair
Employment and Housing Act (Part 2.8
(commencing with Section 12900) of Division 3 of
Title 2), Section 65008, and any other state and
federal fair housing and planning law.

Compliant. The City of Arcadia is currently
updating the City’s Housing Element to identify
constraints to Fair Housing and Programs to
affirmatively further Fair Housing opportunities.

Enforcement and Outreach
The City of Arcadia does not have their own housing authority and is served by the Los Angeles County Development Authority (LACDA). In the 2020-2021 FY, the Los Angeles County Development Authority issued approximately 772 housing vouchers to families in the County. In addition, LACDA funded 23 affordable housing developments that totaled 1,484 additional affordable housing units and allocated approximately $150.1 million into affordable housing repair, maintenance, and development. 2 Los Angeles County jurisdictions are served by a variety of regional and local fair housing service providers, that investigate and resolve discrimination complaints, condu ct discrimination auditing and testing, and education and outreach, including the dissemination of fair housing information such as written material, workshops, and seminars. These service providers also provide landlord/tenant counseling, which is another fair housing service that involves informing landlords and tenants of their rights and responsibilities under fair housing law and other consumer protection regulations, as well as mediating disputes between tenants and landlords. While the City of Arcadia does not have its own housing authority, it is served by the following fair housing organizations:
• Housing Rights Center (HRC)
• Legal Aid Foundation of Los Angeles (LAFLA)
LAFLA offers residents of Los Angeles County fair housing legal services. In 2020, more than 100,000 Los Angeles County residents received legal counsel through LAFLA. 1 The City uses distributes their Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program to provide outreach for home improvements through the HRC. The HRC is the nation’s largest non-profit civil rights organization dedicated to securing and promoting Fair Housing. HRC actively supports and promotes freedom of residence through education, advocacy, and litigation, to the end that all persons have the opportunity to secure the housing they desire and can afford, without regard to their race, color, religion, gender, sexual

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-51 orientation, national origin, familial status, marital status, disability, ancestry, source of income or other characteristics protected by law.

The HRC distributes fair housing resources, offers in-person housing counseling for tenants and landlords, and has recently launched ‘Project Place’ that outlines the process of applying, finding and living in affordable housing in Los Angeles County.

In recent years, the HRC has performed the following in the region:
o Housing Counseling
o Discrimination Investigation & Disability Accommodations o Community Workshops and Events
o Monthly Rental Listings
The City provides fair housing information regularly through code enforcement efforts and responses to housing questions. The City of Arcadia is committed to mitigating fair housing issues and discrimination in the community and increasing fair housing access and opportunity. Information is offered in English, Spanish and Chinese. All fair housing outreach is conducted by HRC and is not disseminated by the City. (HUD) maintains a record of all housing di scrimination com plaints filed in local ju risdictions. These grievances can be filed on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, religion, familial status and retaliation. From January 1, 2006 to June 30, 2020, 130 fair housing complaints in Los Angeles County were filed with HUD.

FHEO Inquires by City (HUD, 2013-2021)
Figure 3-1 depicts Fair Housing Inquiries (FHEO) in the City of Arcadia from 2013 through 2021. It should be noted that inquiries are not official cases. Inquiries may have been dropped by the resident for a number of reasons, and there is value to identify concerns that residents have about possible discrimination through the analysis of sed inquiries.

In the City of Arcadia, there were a total of 18 inquiries made over eight years, or 0.31 inquires per one- thousand people. Of the 18, 11 were never followed up with. When inquiries are made, they are categorized into different protected classes such as disability, race, and religion among others. HUD reported one inquiry related to disability, three related to race, two related to familial status, and two related to national origin. Some inquiries may be classified in multiple protected groups.

In comparison to surrounding jurisdictions, Arcadia’s inquires per one-thousand people is higher than cities such as Sierra Madre (0.27 per one-thousand), El Monte (0.15 per one-thousand), and Temple City (0.03 per one-thousand). Surrounding cities generally fall under <0.5 inquiries per one-thousand people with exceptions for cities such as Irwindale (0.69 per one-thousand). Overall, the City of Arcadia has a relatively low amount of inquires.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-52 Figure 3-1: FHEO Inquiries by City (HUD, 2013-2021)

Source: HUD, 2013-2021.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-53 County of Los Angeles: FHEO C ases- Total 2021
Figure 3-2 depicts the amount of Title VIII fair housing cases filed by FHEO from January 1, 2006 through June 30, 2020. Cases are categorized into protected classes. Some of the classes such as race are more specifically broken down (i.e. Race- Asian). It should be noted that one case may fall into multiple protected classes.

In the 14 year data collection period, a total of 130 Title VIII fair housing cases have been filed. Of the 130, approximately 27 cases identified a racial bias as a barrier to fair housing, 86 identify a disability bias, and 9 identify a familial status bias. The majority of cases, approximately 66 precent, had identified a disability bias as a barrier to fair housing. Surrounding counties such as Ventura, San Bernardino, and Orange County also reflected this pattern.

Figure 3-2: FHEO Cases by Population (HUD, 2006-2020)

(HUD, 2006-2020)

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-54 B. Fair Housing Issues
With the legal framework of federal and state laws based on the guidance provided by the HUD Fair Housing Planning Guide, impediments to fair housing choice can be defined as:
• Any actions, omissions, or decisions taken because of race, color, ancestry, national origin, age, religion, sex, disability, marital status, familial status, source of income, sexual orientation, or any other arbitrary factor which restrict housing choices or the availability of housing choices; or • Any actions, omissions, or decisions which have the effect of restricting housing choices or the availability of housing choices on the basis of age, race, color, ancestry, national origin, age, religion, sex, disability, marital status, familial status, source of income, sexual orientation or any other arbitrary factor.

Through the outreach efforts and Countywide Aanalysis of Impediments conducted in 2018 , the County identified the following fair housing impediments:26
• Barriers to mobility
• Lack of affordable housing in a range of sizes
• Lack of sufficient accessible housing in a range of unit sizes • Lack of sufficient publicly supported housing for persons with HIV/AIDS • Land use and planning decisions restrict fair housing choice for persons with disabilities and affordable housing in general
• Presence of lead poisoning exposure
• Significant disparities in the proportion of members of protected classes experiencing substandard housing when compared to the total population
• Noise Pollution due to plan traffic from Los Angeles International Airport • Poor land use and zoning situating sources of pollution and environmental hazards near housing • Access to quality healthcare
• Food insecurity – access to healthy and nutritional food options • Location and access to local businesses, especially in economically depressed areas • Lack of information on affordable housing
• Increasing measures of segregation
• Discrimination in private rental and homes sales markets • Access to financial services
• Lack of coordination with other Planning Processes and Programs to addressing contributing factors C. Lending Patterns
Availability of financing affects a person’s ability to purchase or improve a home. The analysis of the lending patterns and practices within a community or city help to identify persons who regularly experience disproportionate roadblocks to home ownership. Error! Reference source not found. below identifies the

26 County of Los Angeles. (2018). Analysis of Impediments. Available https://www.lacda.org/docs/librariesprovider25/community-development-programs/cdbg/plans-and-reports/analysis- of-impediments/executive-summary---english.pdf?sfvrsn=20d667bc_2.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-55 lending patterns by race and ethnicity, as well as income category for the Los Angeles-Long Beach- Glendale Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). According to the data, low income applicants (less than 50 percent of the MSA/MD median income) are more likely to have a loan application denied, the highest rates of denial were among Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (67 percent) and American Indian and Alaska Natives (58.3 percent). Across all income categories, applicants who identified as White had the highest rates of loan approvals, followed by applicants who identified as Hispanic or Latino.

Table 3-17: Disposition of Loan Applications by Race/Ethnicity – Los Angeles-Long Beach- Glendale MSA/MD
Applications by Race/Ethnicity Percent
Approved
Percent
Denied
Percent
Other
Total
(Count)
LESS THAN 50% OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 24.16% 57.30% 19.66% 178 Asian 36.54% 42.13% 23.50% 1,932
Black or African American 41.98% 28.82% 31.98% 2,120
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 20.33% 67.03% 14.29% 182 White 44.14% 30.93% 27.22% 11,384
Hispanic or Latino 39.00% 36.23% 27.28% 6,559
50-79% OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 36.97% 43.28% 22.27% 238 Asian 44.31% 34.08% 27.98% 2,873
Black or African American 42.75% 32.23% 29.11% 2,367
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 22.83% 62.20% 17.32% 254 White 48.99% 28.31% 27.75% 14,902
Hispanic or Latino 44.63% 32.50% 27.81% 10,611
80-99% OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 41.44% 33.33% 27.03% 111 Asian 51.15% 27.37% 27.37% 1611
Black or African American 47.33% 27.31% 28.91% 1124
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 35.48% 47.31% 20.43% 93 White 53.61% 23.41% 27.73% 6,887
Hispanic or Latino 50.10% 26.66% 27.42% 4,974
100-119% OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 42.05% 32.10% 29.26% 352 Asian 60.54% 19.94% 25.90% 5,869
Black or African American 49.93% 23.72% 30.51% 3,579
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 40.89% 39.86% 21.65% 291 White 60.13% 17.88% 27.40% 25,143
Hispanic or Latino 56.43% 20.69% 27.80% 16,541
120% OR MORE OF MSA/MD MEDIAN
American Indian and Alaska Native 48.91% 23.88% 30.08% 871 Asian 62.94% 14.28% 27.54% 35,764

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-56 Table 3-17: Disposition of Loan Applications by Race/Ethnicity – Los Angeles-Long Beach- Glendale MSA/MD
Applications by Race/Ethnicity Percent
Approved
Percent
Denied
Percent
Other
Total
(Count)
Black or African American 55.04% 19.47% 29.58% 11,611
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 54.18% 23.29% 27.19% 1052 White 64.87% 13.46% 25.98% 135,203
Hispanic or Latino 60.42% 16.47% 27.46% 42,722
Source: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Disposition of loan applications, by Ethnicity/Race of applicant, 2019.

D. Hate Crimes
Hate crimes are violent acts against people, property, or organizations because of the group to which they belong or identify with. The Federal Fair Housing Act makes it illegal to threaten, harass, intimidate, or act violently toward a person who has exercised their right to free housing choice. In Los Angeles County there were a total of 103 reported hate crimes between 2014 and 2019, 15 of which were reported in 2019. However, no hate crimes were reported in the City of Arcadia.

E. Analysis of Federal, State, and Local Data and Knowledge Summary of Local Knowledge Analysis
As part of the Housing Element, the City considers protected classes (such as race, ethnicity, income, etc.) and opportunity indicators as key factors in fair housing. Federal, State, and local data provide regional context, background information, and supportive data which helps the City to understand fair housing issues and to identify key fair housing factors for Arcadia. The section below uses available data to identify key trends and local contributing factors for fair housing. Key themes for each category of analysis are summarized in each section.

Integration and Segregation Patterns and Trends
Dissimilarity Index
The dissimilarity index is the most commonly used measure of segregation between two groups, reflecting their relative distributions across neighborhoods (as defined by census tracts). The index represents the percentage of the minority group that would have to move to new neighborhoods to achieve perfect integration of that group. An index score can range in value from 0 percent indicating complete integration, to 100 percent, indicating complete segregation. An index number above 60 is considered to show high dissimilarity and a segregated community.

It is important to note that segregation is a complex topic, difficult to generalize, and is influenced by many factors. Individual choices can be a cause of segregation, with some residents choosing to live among people of their own race or ethnic group. For instance, recent immigrants often depend on nearby relatives, friends, and ethnic institutions to help them adjust to a new country. Alternatively, when White residents leave neighborhoods that become more diverse, those neighborhoods can become segregated. Other factors, including housing market dynamics, availability of lending to different ethnic groups, availability of affordable housing, and discrimination can also cause residential segregation.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-57 Figure 3-3 shows the dissimilarity between each of the identified race and ethnic groups inand Arcadia and the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area ’s White population s. The higher scores indicate higher levels of segregation among those race and ethnic group. The Asian population within Arcadia make up the majority of the City’s population at approximately 61.6 percent according to 2019 American Community Survey (ACS) estimates, therefore the Asian population has the lowest dissimilarity since the population is more evenly integrated into the community than other racial groups.

The race and ethnic groups with the highest scores were Native Hawaiian (63.4) and American Indian (40.2). These scores correlate directly with the percentage of people within that racial or ethnic group that would need to move into a predominately White census tract in order to achieve a more integrated community. For instance, 63.4 percent of the Native Hawaiian population would need to move into predominately White census tract areas to achieve “perfect” integration or 40.2 percent of the American Indian population would need to move into the predominantly White census tract areas for perfect integration. While a score of 60 o r higher typically indicates a segregated area, if a group’s population is less than 1,000, the dissimilarity index may be high even if the group’s members are evenly distributed throughout the area. It is important to note that the Native Hawaiian population includes a total of 29 people and the American Indian population is a total of 65 persons out of Arcadia’s total population of 53,054.

The Los Angeles-Long Beach metro area is predominantly White (54.4 percent of the total population), while Arcadia’s White population only makes up approximately 30.7 percent of the City’s total population.

Arcadia’s racial and ethnic groups are more evenly spread out than the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area, and therefore the figure shows that Arcadia has lower dissimilarity in every racial and ethnic category than the metro area.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-58 Figure 3-3: Dissimilarity Index with Whites, City of Arcadia

Source: American Community Survey, 2019.Census Scope. Available at https://www.censusscope.org/us/s6/p2462/chart_dissimilarity.html. Accessed on November 10,2021.

Predominant Racial and Ethnic Groups
A predominant population is a racial or ethnic group that makes up a main proportion of the population.

Predominant populations are important to identify for a number of reasons when assessing fair housing constraints. Populations made up of predominantly people of color have been shown to be underserved at a higher rate than predominantly White communities according to the National Equity Atlas, so it is important that these communities are identified and prioritized.27

Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5 display pockets of predominantly Asian populations in Arcadia. Northern Arcadia has lower propor tions of Asian residents when compared to central and eastern Arcadia. Communities

27 National Equity Atlas.(2019). Neighborhood Poverty. Available at https://nationalequityatlas.org/indicators/Neighborhood_poverty#/. 0 1 02 03 04 05 06 07 0 80
White*
Black*
American Indian*
Asian*
Native Hawaiian
Other*
Hispanic*
Two or More Races*
White* Black* American
Indian* Asian* Native
Hawaiian Other* Hispanic*
Two or
More
Races*
Arcadia 0 32.6 40.2 18.5 63.4 45.5 26.5 19.7
Los Angeles-Long Beach Metro 0 70.5 48.8 51.8 68.6 46.1 64 30.7

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-59 within the region are predominantly Asian to the southwest of the City. Arcadia and those communities make up some of the largest predominantly Asian communities in Los Angeles County.

Figure 3-4: Asian Population by Region (U.S. Census Bureau’s SF1 and TIGER data sets for 2010)

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-60 Source: U.S. Census Bureau’s SF1 and TIGER data sets for 2010

Figure 3-5: Asian Population in Arcadia (U.S. Census Bureau’s SF1 and TIGER data sets for 2010)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau’s SF1 and TIGER data sets for 2010

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-61

Low Income Community Segregation
Income segregation is another common type of segregation that can occur when federal, state, and local subsidized programs fail to construct affordable housing in high-resource neighborhoods. Another common type of segregation is based in income differences. Neighborhoods with lower median incomes tend to have less resources, poorer school districts, and higher rates of health issues related to their environments. In this analysis, persons identified as low and moderate income are determined based on the area’s median income. Figure 3-6 shows a map of Arcadia’s concentration of low and moderate income communities .,.

Each color of the map represents a different concentration of low and moderate income individuals, with darker shades indicating a higher concentration of individuals in the group. The areas portrayed in darker shades represents a higher concentration of low to moderate incomes. The northern block groups of the City had a lower proportion of people in the low andto moderate income brackets, indicating that residents of this part of the City had relatively high incomes. The southern blocks appeared to have more people that were identified within the low andto moderate income groups, however the concentration rarely exceededs more than 50 percent of people. There are two census tracts (Census Tract 4307.24 and 4325.00 ) that have a concentration of approximately 55.8 and 57.5 percent of people with low to moderate incomes, which is the highest proportion of low to moderate income populations in the City. Outside of the City limits, jurisdictions to the south typically had higher concentrations of low andto moderate income residents.

For example, to thetowards the southeast edge of the City, there was ais a higher concentration (75 to 100 percent) of people within the Santa Fe Dam Open Space Area that were classified as a low to moderate income population. fall in the low to moderate income group. Overall, tract grou ps within Arcadia were mostly composed of lower concentrations of people (25 to 50 percent) that made low to moderate incomes, indicating that Arcadia residents had incomes that were relatively high when compared to surrounding areas with the exception of tract 4307.24.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-62

Figure 3-6: Low to Medium Income Population Tract in Arcadia (ACS, 2015)

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-63 Source: U.S. Census Bureau’s, American-Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2015

Familial Status: Single Parent, Female Headed Households Single parent, female headed households are of special interest not only because of their unique family structure, but it has been demonstrated that these households have significantly less access to economic stability, home stability, and crucial resources. 28

Figure 3-7 displays the concentration of single parent, female headed households with children in Arcadia and the surrounding region. Arcadia and comm unities immediately surrounding the City, are typically characterized by less than 20 percent of children living in a single parent, female headed household. There are two Census tracts (Census Tr act 4307.23 and Census Tract 4307.24) in Arcadia that show higher proportions of children in single parent, female headed households. Both census tracts show that approximately 20 to 40 percent of children live in single parent, female headed households. As shown in Figure 3-6 above, Census Tract 4307.24 has the second highest proportion of low to moderate income earning residents in the City.

28 Mather, Marc PhD. (2010). U.S. Children in Single-Mother Families. Available at https://www.prb.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/05152010-single-motherfamilies.pdf.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-64

Figure 3-7: Concentration of Children in Single Parent, Female Headed Households in Arcadia (ACS, 2019)

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-65

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American-Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019

Disability Distribution in Arcadia

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-66 Figure 3-8 below displays the proportions of local populations that have disability. The City of Arcadia generally has a low proportion of the population with a disability (less than 10 percent in most tracts). There are four census tracts that have higher proportions (approximately 10 to 20 percent) of persons with disabilities—Census Tract 4307.21, 4313, 4318, and 4325. Of these tracts, Census Tract 4325 is also characterized as one of the two census tracts in Arcadia that has a higher proportion of people that earn low to moderate incomes.

Figure 3-8: Disability Population in Arcadia (ACS, 2019)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American-Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-67 Summary of Segregation and Integration Factors
The intent of the segregation and integration portion of the AFFH is meant to inform future policy and actions that the City can take to reduce segregation and increase integration of protected groups. The analysis has identified the following as possible constraints to providing fair housing:
• While Arcadia is gener ally an affluent community, residents in the southern portion of the City are more likely to make a low to moderate income when compared to those that live in the northern part of the City. This may indicate a lack of affordable housing in the northern portions of the City, which hinders further integration of lower income families throughout the community. • Census Tracts 4307.23 and 4307.24 have a higher concentration of single parent, female headed households with children, suggesting that there is some sort of barrier, whether it be financial or social, that prevents these families from integrating into the broader community. • Persons with disabilities tend to live in the southern portion of Arcadia, suggesting that there may be a fair housing barrier or social barrier that is preventing these communities from integrating further into the community.

Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty (R/ECAP) To assist communities in identifying racially/ethnically concentrated areas of poverty (R/ECAPs), HUD has developed a census-tract based definition of R/ECAPs. The definition involves a racial/ethnic concentration threshold and a poverty test. The racial/ethnic concentration threshold is straightforward: R/ECAPs must have a non-white population of 50 percent or more. Regarding the poverty threshold, Wilson (1980) defines neighborhoods of extreme poverty as census tracts with 40 percent or more of individuals living at or below the poverty line. Because overall poverty levels are substantially lower in many parts of the country, HUD supplements this with an alternate criterion. Thus, a neighborhood can be a R/ECAP if it has a poverty rate that exceeds 40% or is three or more times the average tract poverty rate for the metropolitan area, whichever threshold is lower.

Location of residence can have a substantial effect on mental and physical health, education opportunities, economic opportunities. Urban areas that are more residentially segregated by race and income tend to have lower levels of upward economic mobility than other areas. Research has found that racial inequality is thus amplified by residential segregation. However, these areas may also provide different opportunities, such as ethnic enclaves providing proximity to centers of cultural significance, or business, social networks and communities to help immigrants preserve cultural identify and establish themselves in new places.

Overall, it is important to study and identify these areas in order to understand patterns of segregation and poverty in a City.

Figure 3-9 below displays the R/ECAP analysis of the Arcadia areaArcadia and immediately surrounding communities. The HUD data available does not pr ovide information specific to the City of Arcadia, thus a broader more regional approach was taken, as shown in the map. The figure shows there are no pockets of racially or ethnic ally concentrated areas of pover ty within Arcadia. However, there is a R/ECAP in El Monte, south of Arcadia. While the City has no R/ECAP areas, there are still concentrated areas of poverty in surrounding communities; therefore, the City is committed to increasing housing mobility opportunities for persons outside the City or in Los Angeles County as a whole. Chapter 10: Implementation Plan of this Housing Element outlines housing opportunity, affordable housing, and fair housing strategies to increase opportunities to all households.

Figure 3-10 below identifies low poverty index with race/ethnicity and R/ECAPs in Arcadia, and the overall Northeast Los Angeles County region. The low poverty index captures the depth and intensity of poverty in a given neighborhood. The index uses both family poverty rates and public assistance receipt, in the form

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-68 of cash-welfare, such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). The poverty rate and public assistance for neighborhoods are determined at the census tract level, and the higher the score, the less exposure to poverty in a neighborhood. The map identifies the R/ECAP and a few surrounding neighborhoods, to the south and southwest. The figure identifies R/ECAP areas (outlined in red) concentrated in the City of Los Angeles.

The map also shows that there are R/ECAPs in areas bordering the Angeles National Forest and in Central Los Angeles near Downtown. Overall, the City of Arcadia is a high income area. The City should consider the impact of high cost of housing and higher annual incomes on lower income households. The current financial circumtance combined with the recent housing boom can create displacement through economic pressures, where lower income households need to look for affordable housing outside of the City.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-69 Figure 3-9: Local R/ECAP Analysis (HUD 2009-2013, TCAC 2021)

Source: HUD, 2009-2013, TCAC, 2021HUD Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing Data and Mapping Tool, Data Versions: AFFHT006, July 10, 2020

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-70

R/ECAPs Over Time
Over time, R/ECAPs can move or expand into new areas. Figure 3-10 below shows R/ECAPs in the Los Angeles region from 2009-2013. Compared to Figure 3-9 above, there are fewer R/ECAPs in the region overall. There are no R/ECAPs wit hin Arcadia in this snapshot. It appears that over time, central and northern Los Angeles have seen an influx in R/ECAPs. This suggests possible increases of segregation between communities based on race, income, and other protected characteristics over time. Although there are not and have not been R/ECAPs within Arcadia in recent years, the City should consider the impact of high cost of housing and higher annual incomes on lower income households regionally.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-71

Figure 3-10: Regional R/ECAP Analysis (HUD 2009-2013, TCAC 2021)

Source: HUD, 2009-2013, TCAC, 2021

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-72 Summary of R/ECAP Factors
While there are no R/ECAPs within the City of Arcadia, it is important to note that RThe number of R/ECAPs have been increasing in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area over time. An absence of R/ECAPs does not confirm the presence of rich, predominantly White areas nor does it confirm that there is an absence of low income areas within the City.

Concentrated Areas of Affluence
Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty have long been analyzed and reviewed as a contributing factor to segregation. However, patterns of segregation in the United States show that of all racial groups, Whites are the most severely segregated. 29 Research also identifies segregation of affluence
to be greater than the segregation of poverty. Racial and economic segregation can have significant effects on respective communities, including but not limited to, socioeconomic disparities, educational experiences and benefits, exposure to environmental conditions and crime, and access to public goods and services.

Data used in the analysis of Racially Concentrated Areas of Affluenc e (RCAA) is from the 2012-2016 American Community Survey and measured at the census track level. The definition for an RCAA is a census tract in which 80 percent or more of the population is White and has a median income of at least $125,000. The nationwide RCAA analysis identifies the following:
o RCAA tracts have more than twice the median household income of the average tract in their metro area.
o Poverty rates in RCAAs are signific antly lower and ar e, on average about 20 pe rcent of a typical tract.
o RCAAs tracts are more income homogenous than R/ECAPs. o The average RCAA is about 57 percent affluent, whereas the average R/ECAP had a poverty rate of 48 percent.
o The typical RCAA tract has a rate of affluence 3.2 times that of a typical tract, whereas R/ECAPs on average had a poverty rate 3.2 times that of a typical tract Overall, RCAAs may represent a public policy issue to the extent that they have been created and maintained through exclusionary and discriminatory land use and development practices. Postwar patterns of suburbanization in many metropolitan areas were characterized by White communities erecting barriers to affordable housing and engaging in racially exclusionary practices. 30 To identify these areas in Arcadia,
this analysis examines census tracts with a population that is at least 50 percent White with a median income over $100,000. While none of Arcadia’s census tracts have a population greater than 50 percent White, the City has one census tract with a median income over $100,000. Figure 3-11 below shows that there are no census tracts in Arcadia that meets both the income and race threshold for the tract to be considered an RCAA.

While there are no Racially Concentrated Ar eas of Affluence within the City of Arcadia, there is a concentrated area of affluence in the northern portion of the City. No lower income housing sites have been identified in this area due to potential fire hazards in the hillsides that pose safety hazard.

29 Racially Concentrated Areas of Affluence: A Preliminary Investigation. University of Minnesota. Edwards Goets, Damiano, Williams. 2019.
30 Ibid.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-73 Figure 3-11: RCAA in Arcadia (U.S. Census Bureau's SF1 and TIGER data sets for 2010, ACS 2019) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American-Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019, U.S. Census Bureau's SF1 and TIGER data sets for 2010

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-74 Disparities in Access to Opportunity
The UC Davis Center for Regional Change and Rabobank partnered to develop the Regional Opportunity Index (ROI) intended to help communities understand local social and economic opportunities. The goal of the ROI is to help target resources and policies toward people and places with the greatest need to foster thriving communities. The ROI incorporates both “people” and “place” components, integrating economic, infrastructure, environmental, and social indicators into a comprehensive assessment of the factors driving opportunity.

The ROI: People is a relative measure of people's assets in education, the economy, housing, mobility/transportation, health/environment, and civic life as follows:
o Education Opportunity: Assesses people’s relative success in gaining educational assets, in the form of a higher education, elementary school achievement, and regular elementary school attendance.
o Economic Opportunity: Measures the relative economic well-being of the people in a community, in the form of employment and income level.
o Housing Opportunity: Measures the relative residential stability of a community, in the form of homeownership and housing costs.
o Mobility/Transportation Opportunity: Contains indicators that assess a community’s relative opportunities for overcoming rural isolation.
o Health/Environment Opportunity: Measures the relative health outcomes of the people within a community, in the form of infant and teen health and general health. o Civic Life Opportunity: A relative social and political engagement of an area, in the form of households that speak English and voter turnout.

The ROI: Place is a relative measure of an area's assets in education, the economy, housing, mobility/transportation, health/environment, and civic life. o Education Opportunity: Assesses a census tract's relative ability to provide educational opportunity, in the form of high-quality schools that meet the basic educational and social needs of the population.
o Economic Opportunity: Measures the relative economic climate of a community, in the form of access to employment and business climate.
o Housing Opportunity: Measures relative availability of housing in a community, in the form of housing sufficiency and housing affordability.
o Health/Environment Opportunity: A relative measure of how well communities meet the health needs of their constituents, in the form of access to health care and other health-related environments.
o Civic Life Opportunity: Measures the relative social and political stability of an area, in the form of neighborhood stability (living in same residence for one year) and US citizenship.

Table 3-18 and Figure 3-12 shows the following key findings:
o The City has high rates of high school graduation rates as well as high math and English proficiency.

Arcadia also has higher rates of college educated adults and overall higher levels of UC and CSU eligibility than the County and State.
o Residents of Arcadia experience higher employment as well as higher levels of minimum basic income. Job availability, quality, and growth are all at lower levels in Arcadia when compared to the County and State’s rates, however, the difference is not significant. . o While homeownership rates are higher in the City of Arcadia than in the County and State, levels of cost burden are similar to the state at about 53 percent. The County of Los Angeles has a lower

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-75 housing cost burden when compared to both the City and the State. Housing adequacy is higher in the City and affordability is lower than the County and State. o Vehicle availability is higher in Arcadia while commute times are lower than the County and State.

Residents of the City also experience higher rates of internet access. o Overall health and environmental opportunities are similar between the City, County and and State.

Although, Arcadia has lower rates of teen pregnancy and less years of life lost and higher access to healthcare.
o Voting rates in Arcadia are lower than in the State , but slightly higher than the County . Rates of English speakers are slightly lower than average the State and higher than the County.however t The rate of US Citizenship is the same as the State and is higher in the City than the County.

Table 3-18:Local, County and State Regional Opportunity Indicators for Place and People ROI Indicator Arcadia Los Angeles
County California
Education
People
College Educated Adults 62% 35% 38%
Math Proficiency 90% 70% 70%
English Proficiency 88% 63% 65%
Elementary Truancy 12% 25% 24%
Place
High School Graduation Rate 98% 78% 83%
UC/CSU Eligibility 70% 40% 41%
Teacher Experience 58% 43% 36%
High School Discipline Rate 0% 4% 6%
Economic
People
Employment Rate 94% 90% 89%
Minimum Basic Income 79% 59% 64%
Place
Job Availability 634.50 716.96 701.75
Job Quality 35% 39% 40%
Job Growth 1% 2% 3%
Bank Accessibility 0.33 0.22 0.24
Housing
People
Home Ownership 62% 48% 55%
Housing Cost Burden 54% 47% 52%
Place
Housing Adequacy 96% 86% 91%
Housing Affordability 0.11 0.15 0.19
Mobility
People
Vehicle Availability 92% 83% 86%
Commute Time 51% 53% 60%
Internet Access 4.91 4.34 4
Health and
People
Infant Health 96% 95% 95%
Birth to Teens 1% 7% 7%
Years of Life Lost 17.48 27.93 29.84
Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-76 Table 3-18:Local, County and State Regional Opportunity Indicators for Place and People ROI Indicator Arcadia Los Angeles
County California
Place
Air Quality 12.52 11.89 10.01
Prenatal Care 83% 83% 83%
Access to Supermarket 53% 61% 53%
Health Care Availability 2.09 2.02 1.76
Civic Life
People
Voting Rates 25% 24% 31%
English Speakers 87% 83% 88%
Place
US Citizenship 83% 77% 83%
Neighborhood Stability 89% 87% 85%
Source: UC Davis Center for Regional Change and Rabobank, 2014.

Figure 3-12: Local and State Regional Opportunity Indicators for Place and People Source: UC Davis Center for Regional Change and Rabobank, 2014.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-77 Figure 3-13 identifies the achievement levels that persons living within the City have and Figure 3-14 displays the opportunity that different census tracts can provide. As shown in Figure 3-13 and Figure 3-14 below, the majority of Arcadia is classified as a high opportunity zone with pockets of lower opportunity at the southern end of the City and mid-eastern boundary. This indicates a high level of relative opportunities that people are able to achieve as well as a high level of relative opportunities that Arcadia provides.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-78 Source: UC Davis Center for Regional Change and Rabobank, 2014 Figure 3-13: Regional Opportunity Index, People – City of Arcadia

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-79 Source: UC Davis Center for Regional Change and Rabobank, 2014.

Figure 3-14: Regional Opportunity Index, Place – City of Arcadia

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-80 Tax Credit Allocation Committee (TCAC) Opportunity Area Maps Additionally, the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) together with the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee (TCAC) established the California Fair Housing Task Force to provide research, evidence-based policy recommendations, and other strategic recommendations to HCD and other related State agencies/departments to further the fair housing goals (as defined by HCD). The Task force developed the TCAC/HCD opportunity Area Maps to understand how public and private resources are spatially distributed. The Task Force defines opportunities as pathways to better lives, including health, education, and employment. Overall, opportunity maps are intended to display which areas, according to research, offer low income children and adults the best chance at economic advancement, high educational attainment, and good physical and mental health.

According to the Task Force’s methodology, the to ol allocates the 20 percent of the tracts in each region with the highest relative index scores to the “Highest Resource” designation and the next 20 percent to the “High Resource” designation. Each region then ends up with 40 percent of its total tracts as “Highest” or “High” resource. These two ca tegories are intended to help State decision-makers identify tracts within each region that the research suggests low income families are most likely to thrive, and where they typically do not have the option to live —but might, if given the choice. As shown in Figure 3-15 below, most of Arcadia is classified with the highest resource designation with just the southern portion of the City designated as high to m oderate resource. The City of Arcadia is committed to exploring programs and avenues to improve housing access and opportunity to both existing residents, future residents, and households in nearby areas.

Opportunity indicators included in the AI also help inform communities about disparities in access to opportunity. HUD-provided index scores are based on nationally available data sources and assess residents’ access to key opportunity assets in Los Angeles County. However, these indices are only available to Entitlement Jurisdictions (with population over 50,000 and receiving CDBG funds from HUD).

For Urban County jurisdictions for which a HUD-provided index is not provided, a similar analysis as that provided by the indices was conducted using information for the region.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-81

Source: California Tax Credit Allocation Committee and Department of Housing and Community Development, 2020.

Figure 3-15: TCAC/HCD Opportunity Map – City of Arcadia

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-82 Opportunity Indicators
For many households, access to neighborhoods with higher levels of opportunity can be more difficult due to discriminat ion and when there may not be a sufficient range and supply of housing in such neighborhoods. In addition, the continuing legacy of discrimination and segregation can impact the availability of quality infrastructure, educational resources, environmental protections, and economic drivers, all of which can create disparities in access to opportunity.

HUD developed the opportunity indicators to help inform communities about disparities in access to opportunity, the scores are based on nationally available data sources and assess resident’s access to key opportunity assets in each jurisdiction. As data for Arcadia as a local jurisdiction was not available, data for the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim Region was used for this analysis. Table 3-19 provides the index scores (ranging from zero to 100) for the following opportunity indicator indices:
o Low Poverty Index: The low poverty index captures poverty in a given neighborhood. The poverty rate is determined at the census tract level. The higher the score, the less exposure to poverty in a neighborhood, the maximum score being 100. For example, a low poverty index score of 100 means no exposure to poverty.
o School Proficiency Index: The school proficiency index uses school-level data on the performance of 4th grade students on State exams to describe which neighborhoods hav e high-performing elementary schools nearby and which are near lower performing elementary schools. The higher the score, the higher the school system quality is in a neighborhood, the maximum score being 100.

For example, a school proficiency index score of 100 means immediate access to schools with the highest testing performance.
o Labor Market Engagement Index: The labor market engagement index provides a summary description of the relative intensity of labor market engagement and human capital in a neighborhood. This is based upon the level of employment, labor force participation, and educational attainment in a census tract. The higher the score, the higher the labor force participation and human capital in a neighborhood, the maximum score being 100. For example, a labor market engagement index score of 100 means the maximum eligible population is employed and a part of the labor market in the community.
o Transit Trips Index: This index is based on estimates of transit trips taken by a family that meets the following de scription: a three-person si ngle-parent family with inc ome at 50% of the median income for renters for the region (i.e. the Core-Based Statistical Area (CBSA)). The higher the transit trips index, the more likely residents in that neighborhood utilize public transit. The maximum score being 100; for example, a transit trips index score of 100 means immediate access to schools with the highest testing performance.
o Low Transportation Cost Index: This index is based on estimates of transportation costs for a family that meets the following descript ion: a three-person s ingle-parent family with income at 50 percent of the median income for renters for the region/CBSA. The higher the index, the lower the cost of transportation in that neighborhood.
o Jobs Proximity Index: The jobs proximity index quantifies the accessibility of a given residential neighborhood as a function of its distance to all job locations within a region/CBSA, with larger employment centers weighted more heavily. The higher the index value, the better the access to employment opportunities for residents in a neighborhood. o Environmental Health Index: The environmental health index summarizes potential exposure to harmful toxins at a neighborhood level. The higher the index value, the less exposure to toxins harmful to human health. Therefore, the higher the value, the better the environmental quality of a neighborhood, where a neighborhood is a census block-group.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-83 Table 3-14 below displays the opportunity indices by race and ethnicity for persons in Arcadia. Key findings from the opportunity indicators (shown below) include:
o There is moderate exposure to poverty among the population in the region, with the Hispanic population received the lowest poverty index at 35.53 indicating the greatest exposure to poverty. o Additionally, the access to quality educ ation syst em is low to moderate among all racial/ethnic groups. The Non-Hispanic White and Asian or Pacific Islander Populations experience the highest access to quality education (68.03 and 61.94 respectively) while the Non-Hispanic Black population experiences the lowest access to quality education (33.82) o The region offers low to moderate labor and economic opportunity. The Non-Hispanic Black population has the lowest labor market index at 35.34 and the Non-Hispanic White population has the highest index at 67.43.
o Access to transportation is relatively high for all racial and ethnic groups within the region with index scores falling between 77 and 87.
o Additionally, transportation is considered affordable in the region with scores in the 70 range for all race and ethnic groups.
o The region offers low to moderate job proximity with scores ranging from 40 to 55. The White population experiences the nest access to employment opportunities in the region with a score of

54.59 while the Non-Hispanic Black population experiences has the lowest score (40.72). o Across all race and ethnic groups there were very low environmental health index scores, meaning there is high exposure to harmful pollutants in the region. Each group has a score below 25, indicating poor environmental quality across the City.
o Persons of all race and ethnic groups who have an income below the federal poverty line experience each lower opportunity, higher exposure to income and education barriers and higher exposure to harmful pollutants, as well and lower access to affordable transportation. o Persons of all race and ethnic groups who have an income below the federal poverty line in the region experienced a lower opportunity index score in all categories except for the Low Transportation Cost Index.

Table 3-19: Opportunity Indicators by Race and Ethnicity in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim Region
Low
Poverty
Index
School
Proficiency
Index
Labor
Market
Index
Transit
Index
Low
Transportation
Cost Index
Jobs
Proximity
Index
Environmental
Health Index
Total Population
White,
Non-Hispanic 65.19 68.03 67.43 77.63 73.13 54.59 21.35
Black,
Non-Hispanic 36.07 33.82 35.34 87.25 79.02 40.72 11.92
Hispanic 35.53 39.72 35.73 86.48 77.78 43.70 12.36
Asian or Pacific
Islander,
Non-Hispanic

55.03 61.94 57.64 85.13 75.98 51.11 13.13
Native
American, Non-
Hispanic

48.40 50.70 48.58 81.04 75.36 45.88 17.68
Population below federal poverty line
White, Non-
Hispanic 53.66 60.62 59.62 83.19 78.51 56.98 18.46
Black,
Non-Hispanic 24.12 28.03 26.41 88.34 81.07 36.90 11.74
Hispanic 25.05 33.70 29.50 89.09 80.94 44.63 10.63

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-84 Table 3-19: Opportunity Indicators by Race and Ethnicity in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim Region
Low
Poverty
Index
School
Proficiency
Index
Labor
Market
Index
Transit
Index
Low
Transportation
Cost Index
Jobs
Proximity
Index
Environmental
Health Index
Asian or Pacific
Islander,
Non-Hispanic

45.45 57.59 51.41 88.58 80.61 52.88 11.05
Native
American,
Non-Hispanic

33.63 39.10 36.05 84.43 78.22 47.65 16.22
Note 1: Data Sources: Decennial Census; ACS; Great Schools; Common Core of Data; SABINS; LAI; LEHD; NATA Note 2: Refer to the Data Documentation for details (www.hudexchange.info/resource/4848/affh-data-documentation).

Educational Opportunity
• Arcadia has a relativ ely high score regar ding education. The Cit y of Arcadia is served by the Arcadia Unified School District ., El Monte Union High and El Monte City Elementary School Districts. The majority of the City is provided public school by the Arcadia Unified School District31 while the southern portion of Arcadia is served by the El Monte School Districts.32 • Meeting UC/CSU Requirements: Arcadia Unified School District had an approximately 95 percent achievement rate in 2018-2019, which is significantly higher than both the state and El Monte Union High School District. In the 2019-2020 school year, the Arcadia Unified School District’s achievement dropped significantly while El Monte Union High and the State’s achievement stayed relatively constant.

• Meeting UC/CSU Requirements: Arcadia Unified School District had an approximately 95 percent achievement rate in 2018-2019, which is significantly higher than both the state and El Monte Union High School District. In the 2019-2020 school year, the Arcadia Unified School District’s achievement dropped significantly while El Monte Union High and the State’s achievement stayed relatively constant.

Table 3-20 below shows a comparison of the school districts and the overall State based on resources, enrollment, class sizes, and more. Some key difference between the school districts include:
• Pupil to teacher ratio: Arcadia Unif ied School District had the highest pupil to teacher ratio out of all three school districts and the State.
• Funding: Arcadia Unified School Distr ict spends the leas t amount of money per student when compared to the El Monte School Districts.
• Free and Reduced-Priced Meals: Only approximately 26 percent of students in the Arcadia Unified School District receive free or reduced-price meals while approximately 88 to 93 percent of students in the El Monte School Districts receive subsidized meals. In the State of California, approximately 60 percent of students receive subsidized meals.
• Cohort Dropout rates: Approximately 11 percent of students in 2018-2019 dropped out before graduating in the El Monte Union High School District while approximately less than one percent of students in the Arcadia Unified School District dr opped out. The rate of El Monte Union High

31 Arcadia Unified School District. School Boundaries. Available at https://www.ausd.net/apps/pages/ArcadiaUnifiedSchoolBoundariesMap. Accessed on December 2, 2021. 32 Ell Monte Union High School District. SchoolSite Locator. Available at http://apps.schoolsitelocator.com/?districtcode=47473. Accessed on December 2, 2021.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-85 students dropped out to approximately 5 percent in 2019-2020, which was still above the rate at which students dropped out in Arcadia Unified School District. • Meeting UC/CSU Requirements: Arcadia Unified School District had an approximately 95 percent achievement rate in 2018-2019, which is significantly higher than both the state and El Monte Union High School District. In the 2019-2020 school year, the Arcadia Unified School District’s achievement dropped significantly while El Monte Union High and the State’s achievement stayed relatively constant.

Table 3-20:School District Data (2018-2020)

Arcadia Unified
(K-12)
El Monte City
School District
(K-6 or K-8)
El Monte Union
High State of California
2018-
2019
2019-
2020
2018-
2019
2019-
2020
2018-
2019
2019-
2020
2018-
2019
2019-
2020
Pupil to
Teacher ratio 22:1 21.9:1 20:1 20.6:1 21:1 20.7:1 21:1 21:1 Average
Teacher
Experience
13 years
13 years
11 years
11 years
14 years
15 years 12 years 12 years
Ethnic
Diversity
Index
1 37 38 21 21 23 23 47 47
Free and
Reduced-
Price Meals
26% 25.9% 93.3% 92.6% 87.8% 88.7% 59.4% 59.3%
Dollars per
Student $12,171 $12,449 $13,912 $14,310 $15,212 $15,833 $12,967 $13,173 Cohort
Dropouts 0.6% 0.7% N/A N/A 11% 5.3% 9% 8.9%
Cohort
Graduates 98.8% 96.7% N/A N/A 83.9% 84.9% 84.5% 84.3%
Cohort
Graduates
meeting
UC/CSU
Course
Requirements

94.5% 0.4% N/A N/A 48.8% 46.9% 50.5% 50.9%
Source: Education Data Partnership. Fiscal, Demographic, and Performance Data on California’s K-12 Schools.

Available https://www.ed-data.org/. Accessed on December 3, 2021.

Notes:

The Ethnic Diversity Index reflects how evenly distributed these students are among the race/ethnicity categories.

The more evenly distributed, the higher the number. A school where all of the students are the same ethnicity would have an index of 0.

Employment Opportunity
Although the employment rate and median income are high in Arcadia, job availability and quality are lower in the City when compared to the State and County. Figure 3-16 shows that job proximity is the highest in the center of the City. Arcadia does not have any areas in which job proximity is the closest, however it has higher job proximity than neighboring cities to the south. Cities to the east, such as Monrovia and Duarte have similar levels of job proximity to Arcadia. To the west, there is a high concentration of high job proximity areas in Pasadena. Overall, Arcadia has a moderate level of job proximity compared to the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-86 Additionally, there are various levels of job proximity within the City itself. As mentioned above, higher job proximity is located in the center of the City. The southern portion of the City, where median income is the lowest and more protected groups are concentrated, has lower job proximity when compared to the rest of the City. Within the southern portion of the City, there are higher concentrations of non-white populations, single-mothers with children, and persons who earn lower incomes. There is one census tract in the southern portion of the City that has a high concentration of persons with disabilities, however most people within this protected class live in the center of the City where job proximity is higher. Lower job proximity could be a potential constraint to fair housing.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-87 Figure 3-16: Job Proximity Index – City of Arcadia (HUD 2014-2017)

Source: Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) data, 2014

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-88 Access to Transit
AllTransit explores metrics that reveal the social and economic impact of transit, specifically looking at connectivity, access to jobs, and frequency of servi ce. According to th e data provided, Arcadia scored a

6.8 AllTransit performance score, illustrating a low to moderate combination of trips per week and number of jobs accessible that enable a moderate number of people to take transit to work. According to the data shown in Error! Reference source not found., Arcadia’s AllTransit performance score illustrates a moderate combination of trips per week and number of jobs accessible that enable a moderate number of people to take transit to work. In total, 188,373 jobs are accessible within a 30-minute trip from Arcadia, however just

2.67 percent of commuters use transit. Additionally, AllTransit identified the following transit related statistics for Arcadia:
o 97.8 percent of all jobs in Arcadia are located within ½ mile of transit o There are 113,696 customer households within a 30-minute transit commute of local businesses o 1.26 percent of workers in Arcadia walk to work
o 0.44 percent of workers in Arcadia bike to work
o 8.4 percent of low income households live near transit By comparison, the City of Pasadena scored higher than Arcadia at 8.3, the City of Monrovia scored lower than Arcadia at 5.6, and the County scored the same as Arcadia at 6.8.

While the AllTransit metrics consider the two major transit agencies – Foothill Transit and Metro-Los Angeles – the metrics do not c onsider Arcadia Transit. Arcadia Transit provides curb-to-curb shared transportation to seniors and persons with disabilities as well as an affordable fixed route service. The City’s fixed-route service which connects the Metro Gold Line Arcadia Station with major activity centers such as Santa Anita Park, City Hall, the Methodist Hospital, Westfield Santa Anita Mall, and the Los Angeles County Arboretum. The transit service is free to seniors, persons with disabilities, and children under 5.

Table 3-21: Opportunity Indicator – Transit
Jurisdiction
All Transit
Performance
Score
Transit Trips
Per Week
within ½
Mile
Jobs
Accessible in
30-min Trip
Commuters
Who Use
Transit
Transit
Routes
within ½
Mile
Arcadia 6.8 1,187 188,373 2.67% 4
Pasadena 8.3 2,935 248,166 6.77% 11
Monrovia 5.6 832 100,808 3.41% 3
Los Angeles County 6.8 2,608 321,664 6.66% 8
Source: All-transit, American Community Survey 2019

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-89 Source: AllTransit Metrics
Figure 3-17: Job Proximity Index – AllTransit Performance Score – City of Arcadia

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-90 Figure 3-17 shows that there are various levels of access to transit throughout the City. The southern and central parts of the City have the lowest level of transit access. In these areas of the City, people are more likely to be part of one of the protected classes such as low income, non-White, and or disabled. Persons with mobility issues, such as some people with disabilities, are disproportionately affected by lack of transit in the southern and central portions of the City. Housing is the most affordable in these areas and therefore impacts where persons with lower incomes can afford to live.

Access to transportation increases both economic and environmental/health opportunities. In an effort to increase both mobility and ec onomic access, the City of Arca dia has identified the Las Tunas/Live Oak Corridor and the downtown area as opportunities for increased density to accommodate low and very low units. These areas are proximate to both regional as well as local transit and as the map above shows, these areas score well with connectivity.

Environmental Justice
The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OE HHA) developed a screening methodology to help identify California communities disproportionately burdened by multiple sources of pollution called the California Co mmunities Environmental Health Screening Tool (C alEnviroScreen). In addition to environmental factors (pollutant exposure, groundwater threats, toxic sites, and hazardous materials exposure) and sensitive receptors (seniors, children, persons with asthma, and low birth weight infants), CalEnviroScreen also takes into consideration socioeco nomic factors. Th ese factors include educational attainment, linguistic isolation, poverty, and unemployment. Research has shown a heightened vulnerability of people of certain ethnicities and lower socioeconomic status to environmental pollutants.

Figure 3-18 below displays mapped results for the CalEnviroScreen in Arcadia. The map shows that most of Arcadia is low scoring, with the exception of one two partial census tracts (6037431502 and 6037432500) towards the southern edge of the City . Table 3-22 below identifies the CalEnviroScreen scores given to these census tracts. Overall, low scoring signifies low pollution burdens in the City, therefore, the City of Arcadia shows low exposure to harmful pollutants.

Table 3-22: CalEnviroScreen 3.0
Census Tract Number 6037431502 6037432500
Pollutant (measured in Percentile*)
Ozone 69 69
PM 2.5 66 66
Diesel 51 48
Pesticides 0 24
Toxic Releases 83 86
Traffic 35 56
Drinking Water 95 97
Cleanups 0 0
Groundwater Threats 23 50
Hazardous Waste 57 72
Impaired Water 63 72
Solid Waste 76 70
Health Risk/ Burden (Measured in Percentile*)
Asthma 3 61
Low Birth Weight 43 82
Cardiovascular Rate 75 39
Education 43 73
Linguistic Isolation 75 92

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-91 Table 3-22: CalEnviroScreen 3.0
Census Tract Number 6037431502 6037432500
Poverty 37 58
Unemployment 48 51
Housing Burden 59 74
Note:
* Percentile derived using a weighted scoring system to determine average pollution burden/ socioeconomic scores relative to other census tracts.

Source: CalEnviroScreen 3.0 Map. Arcadia. Accessed through https://oehha.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=4560cfbce7c745c299b2d0cbb07044f5

Figure 3-18 CalEnviroScreen, City of Arcadia shows the environmental conditions for the whole City. The southern portions of the City are charcterized by people that are more likely to earn lower incomes and be part of one of the protected classes. The southern portions of the City are more industrialized compared to the rest of the City, which could explain worse envrionmental conditions. Higher income neighborhoods in the northern portion of the City tend to have better envrionmental condition scores than other parts of the City. Therefore, lower income families and people within protected groups are more likely to experience poorer environmental conditions a than those who are not.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-92 Source: CalEnviroScreen, 4.0 Results 2021, Accessed through HUD AFFH Data and Mapping Tool Figure 3-18 CalEnviroScreen, City of Arcadia

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-93 Summary of Disparities in Access to Opportunity Factors While the City of Arcadia is considered a high re source area and r elatively affluent wh en compared to neighboring cities, there are some disparities between communities within the City. The most obvious pattern identified in the analysis is the discrepancy between the northern and southern parts of the City.

The following factors were identified as factors contributing to disparities in access to opportunity::
• While there are less jobs within close proximities to residential areas in the southern portion of the City, there are also less residences due to the commercial and industrial zoning and the Arcadia Logistics Center Specific Plan which does not include residential units. In the southern portions of the City, there are less jobs within close proximities to residential areas, making it more difficult to find work closer to home.
• There is disparity between the northern and southern portion of the City with regards to job proximity and CalEnviroScreens.

G. Discussion of Disproportionate Housing Needs
The analysis of disproportionate hou sing needs within Arcadia evaluated existing housing need, need of the future housing population, and units within the community at-risk of converting to market-rate.

Existing Needs
The County of Los Angeles Housing Authority administers Section 8 Housing Choice vouchers within the City of Arcadia. For the year 2020 within the City of Arcadia, 101 households received Section 8 vouchers.

Additionally, the County currently has a waitlist to receive Section 8 Housing Choice vouchers.

Approximately 57 households on the County waitlist are at an Arcadia mailing address.

Housing Needs in Arcadia
A variety of factors affect housing needs for different households. Most commonly, disability, household income and households’ characteristics shape the type and size of housing units needed, as well as accessibility based on existing units in a City. Error! Reference source not found. through 3-21 display data for demographic characteristics of Arcadia, as compared to the County of Los Angeles and the State of California. Additional detailed analysis of the Arcadia community demographics is outline in Section 2:

Community Profile of the Technical Background Report.

Table 3-23 displays the data for persons with disabilities in the City, County, and State. Overall, about 10 percent of the California population reported having at least one disability. Similarly, in the County, nearly 10 percent of persons r eported at least one disability. The City of Arcadia reported a higher percentage than the State and the City at 18.6 percent. Of the 18.56 percent Arcadia residents who reported a disability, the majority were ambulatory difficulties and independent living difficulties, which could be tied to the City’s senior population. Ease of reasonable accommodation procedures and opportunity for accessible housing can provide increased housing security for the population with disabilities.

Table 3-23: Population by Disability Type, Compared by Geography, 2019 Disability City of Arcadia County of Los
Angeles California
Total with a Disability 18.6% 9.9% 10.6%
Hearing Difficulty 2.5% 2.5% 2.9%
Vision Difficulty 1.2% 2.0% 2.0%
Cognitive Difficulty 2.6% 4.1% 4.3%
Ambulatory Difficulty 4.6% 5.7% 5.8%
Self-Care Difficulty 2.7% 2.9% 2.6%

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-94 Independent Living 3.7% 5.4% 5.5%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019 Table 3-24 below displays data from the Los Angeles County Point in Time Count. The Count gathers data on the homeless population in the County as well as in all jurisdictions within the County. According to the data from 2017 to 2018 Arcadia experienced a slight drop in the homeless population, then a significant increase through 2020. Overall, Arcadia’s homeless population was higher than nearby jurisdictions such as Monrovia and Pasadena (77 and 27 persons respectively). However, Arcadia did have a lower amount than El Monte. Overall, Arcadia has experienced an increase in homelessness over the last year and has a moderate number of individuals experiencing homelessness when compared to neighboring jurisdictions.

The City of Arcadia is currently conducting its own detailed homelessness inventory. As part of this outreach, a support team is interviewing and documenting all individuals in the City experiencing homelessness. This information is specific to each person contacted with the goal to determine the type of services necessary in each situation. The City is also analyzing a “Tiny Homes” project in southeast Arcadia to temporarily house those experiencing homelessness.

Table 3-24: Homelessness in Arcadia and Surrounding Cities Jurisdiction 2017 2018 Count
Change 2019 2020 Count
Change
Monrovia 42 69 27 80 77 -3
Pasadena* 29575 27677 -2102 54229 27527 -215
Arcadia 17 15 -2 77 106 29
El Monte 240 517 277 428 433 5
Los Angeles County 45,979 45,039 -940 49,521 54,291 4,770 Source: Los Angeles Point in Time Count, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020.

Note:

*Data is for East and South Pasadena CombinedSource for Homelessness in Pasadena: Pasadena Partnership.

Pasadena Homelessness Count 2020. Available at https://pasadenapartnership.org/wp- content/uploads/2020/06/Pasadena-Homeless-Count_2020-FINAL.pdf. Accessed on December 20, 2021.

Table 3-25 and Table 3-26 display household type and income data for the State, County, and City. Overall, the City has a larger percentage of family households than the County and State; this includes family households, married-couple family households, and those with children. Of the three jurisdictions, the State has the largest percentage of non-family households at approximately 11 percent more than Arcadia. The City has a percentage of households with at least one senior over the age of 60 that is approximately 10 percent more than the County and nearly 28 percent more than the State.

Table 3-25: Population by Familial Status, Compared by Geography, 2019 Familial Status City of Arcadia County of Los
Angeles California
Total Households 19,520 3,316,795 13,044,266
Family Households 79.9% 66.7% 68.7%

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-95 Married-Couple Family
Households 58.2% 45.1% 49.8%
With Children -- 28.3% 34%
Non-Family Households 20.1% 33.3% 31.3%
Households with one or
more people 60 years + 47.2% 37.9% 29.2%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019 Regarding household income, the City had a higher median household income than the County and State in 2019. As Table 3-26 shows, Arcadia trends towards lower percentages of its residents earning lower incomes. Just over 28 percent of City residents earn a median income under $50,000 annually, compared to 38 percent and 34 percent for the County and State, respectively.

Table 3-26: Households by Income, Compared by Geography, 2019 Households Income City of Arcadia
County of Los
Angeles
California
Less than $10,000 5.9% 5.6% 4.8%
$10,000-$14,999 2.5% 4.8% 4.1%
$15,000-$24,999 4.5% 8.4% 7.5%
$25,000-$34,999 6.4% 8.1% 7.5%
$35,000-$49,999 8.8% 11.2% 10.5%
$50,000-$74,999 12% 15.9% 15.5%
$75,000-$99,999 12.9% 12.3% 12.4%
$100,000-$149,999 19.0% 15.8% 16.6%
$150,000-$199,999 11.3% 7.8% 8.9%
$200,000 or More 16.7% 10.2% 12.2%
Median Income $93,574 $68,044 $75,235
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019 Table 3-27 displays data for households experiencing overpayment or cost burden in the State, County and City. Housing Cost burden has a number of consequences for a household, mainly displacement from their existing living situation creating limited access essential goods and often employment by potentially increasing commute times. The City has a slightly lower percentage of households that have a high-cost burden over 30 percent when compared to the County and State . Overall, the percentage of households that experience a cost burden greater than 50 percent is similar amongst the City, County, and State with all three reporting about 20 percent. Arcadia generally does not have a community ch aracterized by high cost burdens, however, when cost burden is separated between homeowners and renters, it is obvious that renters are disproportionately affected by cost burden. The majority of areas in Arcadia have lower rates of cost burden for homeowners and higher rates of cost burden for renters. Increased opportunity for affordable housing and housing assistance funds help to prevent cost burden on households.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-96 Figure 3-19 Overpayment by Homeowners (ACS, 2019)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American-Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-97 Figure 3-20 Overpayment by Renters (ACS, 2019)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American-Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-98

Table 3-27: Households by Overpayment, Compared by Geography Overpayment/Cost Burden City of Arcadia
County of Los
Angeles
California
Cost Burden > 30% 36.7% 40.3% 40.1%
Cost Burden > 50% 20.3% 19.2% 19.4%
Cost Burden Not Available 2.5% 1.5% 1.4%
Source: Consolidated Planning/CHAS Data, 2013- 2017.

Table 3-28 displays data for household tenure (owner vs. renter) for the State, County and City.

Homeownership is a crucial foundation for helping families with low incomes build strength, stability and independence. The opportunity for transition into the homebuyer’s market is important for persons and households in different communities, homeownership allows for increased stability and opportunity to age in place. Table 3-28 shows that the City has a higher rate of homeownership compared to the County and State.

Additionally, Table 3-29 displays data for overcrowding in the St ate, County and City. Overcrowding is defined as between 1.01 and 1.5 persons per room in a household, and severe overcrowding is defined as more than 1.51 persons per room. Overcrowding often occurs when nonfamily members combine incomes to live in one household, such as college students and roommates, it also occurs when there is not enough size appropriate housing options for large or multigenerational families. The City experiences low rates of overcrowding in comparison to the County and the State. Overcrowding is also shown to occur more often in renter hous eholds rather than owner households. In Arcadia, owner hous eholds that are severely overcrowded repr esent 0.3 percent of all households, while sever ely overcrowded rent er households represent 2.9 percent.

Table 3-28: Households by Tenure, Compared by Geography, 2019 Household Tenure City of Arcadia
County of Los
Angeles
California
Owner Households 59.6% 45.8% 54.8%
Renter Households 40.5% 15.2% 45.2%
Total Occupied Housing Units 19,520 3,316,795 13,044,266 Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-99

Table 3-29: Households by Overcrowding, Compared by Geography Overcrowding and
Tenure City of Arcadia
County of Los
Angeles
California
Owner Households
Overcrowded 1.3% 4.1% 3.0%
Severely Overcrowded 0.3% 1.5% 1.0%
Renter Households
Overcrowded 3.7% 8.7% 8.1%
Severely Overcrowded 2.9% 7.5% 5.3%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

HOUSING NEEDS FOR EXTREMELY LOW INCOME HOUSEHOLDS
According to HCD extremely low income households are defined as households that earn 0 to 30 percent of the local annual m edian income (AMI). In Arcadia, the threshold is based on the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA HUD Metropolitan’s AMI. For a family or household of four people, the maximum amount of annual income in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA HUD Metropolitan Area is $35,450 to be considered extremely low income.33
Table 3-30 below shows local, regional and statewide data regarding extremely low income households and their tenure. Arcadia has the lowest proportion of extremely low income households compared to the other jurisdictions. Los Angeles County has a higher proportion of extremely low income households in comparison to the State and City. It is more likely that an extremely low income household would own rather than rent housing in Arcadia than in the other jurisdictions. Although there is a higher rate of home ownership, there is a need for stable, affordable housing in the City.

Table 3-30: Extremely Low Income Households1 by Tenure

# of
Extremely
Low
Income
Owners
% of Total
Extremely
Low
Income HH
# of
Extremely
Low
Income
Renters
% of Total
Extremely
Low
Income HH
Total
Extremely
Low
Income HH
% of
Extremely
Low Income
HH in the
Jurisdiction
Arcadia 1,020 41% 1,495 59% 2,515 13%
Los
Angeles
County
136,760 21% 504,295 79% 641,055 19%
California 536,865 27% 1,424,685 73% 1,961,550 15%

33 HUD. 2021 Adjusted Home Income Limits. Available at https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/home- datasets/files/HOME_IncomeLmts_State_CA_2021.pdf. Accessed on December 7, 2021.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-100 Source: CHAS HUD. 2013-2017 data. Available at https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/cp.html. 1- ELI is defined as households that earn less up to 30 percent of AMI.

Table 3- 31 shows cost burden for extremely low income households. The data shows 100 percent of ELI households experience some type of cost burden. Extremely low income families make up the largest group of people to experience a cost burden of greater than 50 percent. Extremely low income households also account for approximately 37 percent of households that experience cost burdens of greater than 30 percent.

Table 3- 31: Extremely Low Income Household Overpayment Cost
Burden of
>30 percent
Percent of
Extremely
Low Income
Households
> 30
percent
cost burden
Cost
burden of >
50 percent
Percent of
Extremely
Low Income
> 50
percent
cost burden
Total
Extremely Low
Income HH
Experiencing
Cost Burden
Percent of
Extremely Low
Income
Experiencing Cost
Burden
Extremely
Low Income
Owners
725 39% 575 34%
2,515 100% Extremely
Low Income
Renters
1,120 61% 1100 66%
Total 1,845 100% 1,675 100% - -
Source: CHAS HUD. 2013-2017 data. Available at https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/cp.html.

Housing Stock in Arcadia
Table 3-32 and Table 3-33 display comparative housing stock data for the State, County and City. Table 3-32 shows data for occupied housing units by type. A variety of housing stock provides increased opportunity in communities for different size and household types. The majority of housing stock in Arcadia is classified as one-unit, detached housing, or single-family housing. Just under 17 percent of Arcadia homes include 10 or more units and are referred to as multi-family housing. In comparison to the County and the State, Arcadia has a greater amount of single-family homes and a smaller amount of multi-family housing that includes at least 10 units.

Table 3-32: Occupied Housing Units by Type, Compared by Geography Housing Unit Type City of Arcadia
County of Los
Angeles
California
1, detached 60.3% 48.6% 57.7%
1, attached 8.7% 6.3% 7.0%

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-101 2 apartments 1.6% 2.7% 2.4%
3 or 4 apartments 4.8% 5.8% 5.5%
5 to 9 apartments 7.7% 7.9% 6.0%
10 or more apartments 16.9% 27.1% 17.5%
Mobile home or other
type of housing 0.0% 1.6% 3.8%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Table 3-33 displays housing stock by year built for the City, County, and State. Older housing generally requires more upkeep and regular maintenance which can cause a cost burden on both renters and homeowners. A majority of Arcadia and the State’s housing units were built between 1940 and 1989 whereas the distribution of development was slightly more dispersed from 1950 to 1990 in the State.

Overall, increased numbers of older housing stock can lead to displacement, cost burden, and substandard living conditions.

Table 3-33: Occupied Housing Units by Type, Compared by Geography Housing Unit Type City of Arcadia
County of Los
Angeles
California
Built 2014 or later 1.2% 1.2% 1.7%
Built 2010 to 2013 1.5% 1.2% 1.7%
Built 2000 to 2009 6.1% 5.4% 11.2%
Built 1990 to 1999 7.8% 6.3% 10.9%
Built 1980 to 1989 10.1% 11.6% 15.0%
Built 1970 to 1979 13.2% 13.8% 17.6%
Built 1960 to 1969 15.1% 14.8% 13.4%
Built 1950 to 1959 23.0% 20.5% 13.4%
Built 1940 to 1949 13.9% 10.4% 5.9%
Built 1939 or earlier 8.1% 14.8% 9.1%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

SUBSTANDARD HOUSING
Substandard housing is defined by the U.S. Census as:

1. Housing without hot and cold piped water, a flush toilet and a bathtub or shower; and

2. Households with kitchen facilities that lack a sink with piped water, a range or stove or a refrigerator.

Table 3-34 below shows s ubstandard housing within Arcadia, Los Ange les County, and the State of California. The City of Arcadia has the highest percent of occupied housing units with complete plumbing facilities and the lowest percent of occupied housing units with complete kitchen facilities when compared to Los Angeles County and the State. Approximately 97.8 percent of occupied housing units in Arcadia have complete kitchen facilities. Per the City’s Code Enforcement data, there are four properties in the City that are considered substandard. Although the City has a lower proportion of units with complete kitchen facilities, the difference is not substantial and should not be viewed as an impediment to fair housing.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-102 Table 3-34: Substandard Housing
Jurisdiction Total Occupied
Housing Units
With complete Plumbing
Facilities (percent)
With complete Kitchen
Facilities (percent)
Arcadia 19,520 99.7% 97.8%
Los Angeles
County 3,316,795 99.5% 98.5%
California 13,044,266 99.6% 98.9%
Source: American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2019.

Future Growth Need
The City’s future growth need is based on the RHNA production of 1,102 extremely low/very low and 570 low income units within the 2021 – 2029 planning period. Appendix A of this Housing Element shows the City’s ability to meet its 2021 – 2029 RHNA needs at all income levels. This demonstrates the City’s ability to accommodate the anticipated future affordable housing needs of the community.

Displacement Risk
The potential for economic displacement risk can result from a variety of factors, including large-scale development activity, neighborhood reinvestment, infrastructure investments, and changes in local and regional employment opportunity. Economic displacement can be an inadvertent result of public and private investment, where individuals and families may not be able to keep pace with increased property values and market rental rates.

Affordable covenants help to ensure that certain housing units remain affordable for an extended period of time. Covenants help balance the housing market in a community and provide lasting affordable options to low and very low income households. The City of Arcadia has multiple housing projects which include units with affordability cov enants. According to Table 3-35 below, the City has no affordable units at risk of conversion to market rates.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-103

Table 3-35: Affordable Housing Units in Arcadia with Covenants Accessor
Parcel
Number
Project
Name/Address
Number of
Affordable
Unit
Units by Bedroom Size
Year
Built/Rehabilitated
Covenant
Recordation
Number
Recordation
Date
Covenant
Expiration
Affordability
Period Studio 1
BR
2 BR
3 BR
4 BR
5788-022-
014
Heritage Park
Apts., 150
West Las
Tunas
54 45 9 03-2733831 2004 2059
5778-014-
012
Campus
Commons, 16
Campus Dr.
42 33 9 20101891076 2012 2067
5773-014-
062
Alta Street
Classics, 119
Alta St., #A
1 20080589887 2007 2052
5773-014-
063
Alta Street
Classics, 119
Alta St., #B
1 20080589895 2007 2052
5773-014-
064
Alta StreetC
Classics, 119
Alta St., #C
1 20120199978 2007 2052
5773-014-
059
Alta Street
Classics, 121
Alta St., #A
1 20080601949 2007 2052
5773-014-
060
Alta Street
Classics, 121
Alta St., #B
1 20080589878 2007 2052
5773-014-
061
Alta Street
Classics, 121
Alta St., #C
1 20080589882 2007 2052

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-104 Cost of Preservation and Replacement Analysis
“At- Risk” Analysis
Jurisdictions are required by State Housing Element Law to analyze assisted housing that may convert from lower income to market rate housing over the next 10 years. State law identifies housing assistance as a rental subsidy, mortgage subsidy or mortgage insurance to an assisted housing development.

Government assisted housing may convert to market rate housing for several reasons, including expiring subsidies, mortgage payments, or expiration of affordability restrictions. Other affordable housing developments in the City such as Naomi Gardens, Heritage Park, and the Campus Commons have received LIHTC funding and are not at-risk of conversion to market-rate. There are no housing units with covenants in Arcadia at-risk of converting to market-rate between 2021 and 2031.

Summary of Disproportionate Housing Needs Factors
As part of the Housing Element, the City considers characteristics of the current housing stock and housing needs as key factors in fair housing. Federal, State, and local data provide regional context, background information, and supportive data which helps the City to understand fair housing issues and to identify key fair housing factors for Arcadia. Some key findings identified through this analysis are stated below:
• The City of Arcadia has a high amount of persons with disabilities in the City compared to the State and County. Therefore, the City should support furthering reasonable accommodations in the municipal code.
• Arcadia has the second highes t amount of persons experiencing homele ssness compared to surrounding cities. The City should therefore look into ways to house and invest in persons experiencing homelessness through policy.
• Cost burden greater than 50 percent is highest in Arcadia compared to the county and state • the majority (60.4 percent) is detached single family housing, which indicates that Arcadia’s housing cost is disproportionately high. This suggests a lack of affordable housing in the City. • The majority of residences were built between 1940 and 1989. This suggests that the housing stock of Arcadia is relatively older and should be upgraded or redone in order to provide acceptable housing for residents.

• Arcadia has a higher rate of substandard hous ing compared to the County and State, which suggests to the City that efforts should be put towards ensuring housing with standard facilities through municipal code.

H. Assessment of Local Contributing Factors to Fair Housing in Arcadia
The AI does not identify impediments to fair housing spec ific to Arca dia, however, some of the regional impediments to fair housing identified within jurisdic tions in Los Angeles County may assist Arcadia in opening the community up to a broader range of future residents. o Fair housing information needs to be disseminated through many media forms to reach the targeted groups.
o Hispanics and Blacks continue to be under-represented in the homebuyer market and experience large disparities in loan approval rates.
o Housing choices for special needs groups, especially persons with disabilities and seniors, are limited.
o Fair housing enforcement activities, such as random testing, are limited.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-105 o Patterns of racial and ethnic concentration exist in the region, although there are no racially or ethnically concentrated areas of poverty in Arcadia.

The analysis conducted in this sect ion regarding fair housing issues within Arc adia yielded the following conclusions in order of priority:
o Lack of Affordable Housing – Arcadia res idents generally ear n a high annual income, approximately 38 percent higher than the Los Angeles County median household income.

Additionally, Community Profile states that the median home value in Arcadia is $1,097,600 which is high for surrounding jurisdictions and greater than the County overall. The cost burden of housing in Arcadia is higher when compared to the County and the state. 36 percent of the City’s households earn a lower income (at or below 80 percent of the area median family income). Additionally, 37 percent of the City’s households pay over 30 percent of their income for housing and are considered cost burdened. The City currently does not have a diverse stock of affordable housing and will implement programs to increase production of housing for all income levels. o Barriers to Housing for Persons with Disabilities – Affordability, design, and location limit the supply of housing for persons with disabilities. Amendments to the Fair Housing Act, as well as state law, require ground-floor units of new multi-family construction with more than four units to be accessible to persons with disabilities. However, units built prior to 1989 are not required to be accessible to persons with disabilities. The City of Arcadia has a higher population with disabilities than the surrounding region. Additionally, a majority of the residences were built between 1940 and 1989 suggesting that the housing stock was not required to be accessible to persons with disabilities.

The City could provide additional enforcement and outreach on fair housing for both landlords and residents with regards to people with disabilities. Additionally, the City has plans to update its reasonable accommodation procedures to address some issues associated with physical disabilities.
o Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach - Previous fair housing inquiries in Arcadia have gone unresolved. Additionally, the City only conducts outreach through the Housing Rights Center. The City could provide additional general information and outreach on fair housing within Arcadia. The City is considered a high opportunity and resource area, additional enforcement and outreach on fair housing may improve opportunities for households in the region to move to Arcadia.

AB 686
AB 686 requires that jurisdictions identify sites throughout the community in a manner that is consistent with its duty to affirmatively further fair housing. The site identification requirement involves not only an analysis of site capacity to accommodate the RHNA (provided in Appendix A ), but also whether the identified sites serve the purpose of replacing segregated living patterns with truly integrated and balanced living patterns, transforming racially and ethnically concentrated areas of poverty into areas of opportunity.

Figure 3-21 through Figure 3-26 below identify the sites to accommodate future housing as identified in the adequate sites analysis, overlaid on demographic data using the 2019 American Community Survey 5- Year Estimates.
o Figure 3-21 Arcadia proposed RHNA Sites, Hispanic/Latino, 2018 o Figure 3-22 Arcadia Proposed RHNA Sites, Non-White Population, 2018 o Figure 3-23 Arcadia Proposed RHNA Sites, Low and Moderate Income, 2015 o Figure 3-24 Arcadia Proposed RHNA Sites, Racially Concentrated Areas of Affluence, 2018 o Figure 3-25 Arcadia Pr oposed RHNA Sites, Racially /Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty, 2009-2013

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-106 o Figure 3-26 Arcadia Proposed RHNA Sites, TCAC/HCD Opportunity Areas, 2021 Figure 3-21 shows the proposed candidate sites to meet the RHNA for Arcadia in relation to the location of residents of Hispanic origin. These sites take into consideration access to goods, services, and public transportation and are therefore ideal areas for the City to focus much of its future housing growth. It is anticipated that accessory dwelling unit (ADU) growth, including growth for affordable ADUs, will occur in the less dense areas of the community, specifically in single unit residential neighborhoods. Additionally, the City meets its RHNA obligation for Above Moderate income through projects in the pipeline (which are also mapped in the figure below). Figure 3-21 shows the following findings:
o 510 519 proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 6,232 6.587 potential units, or 51 48 percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as Hispanic less than 20 percent. Of those units, 1,2661,684 are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes.
o 168 205 proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 5,2976,381 potential units, or 463 percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as Hispanic between 20 and 40 percent. Of those units, 1,062 459 are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes.
o 2719 proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 653 831 potential units, or

5.36% percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as Hispanic between 40 and 60 percent. Of those units, 130 165 are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes.
o There are no block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as Hispanic above 60 in Arcadia.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-107 Figure 3-21:Proposed RHNA Sites in Arcadia, Hispanic/Latino Population

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-108 Figure 3-22 shows the proposed candidate sites to meet the RHNA for Arcadia in relation with census data showing the percentage of the population within each block group that is Non-White. Figure 3-22 shows the following findings:
o One proposed site to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 80 potential units, or one percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as Non-White between 40 and 60 percent. Of those units, none are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes.
o 372 413 proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 8,75110,044 potential units, or 72%73 percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as Non-White between 60 and 80 percent. Of those units, 1,7602,389 are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes. o 325 337 proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (34313,675 potential units, or 28%27 percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as Non-White above 80 percent. Of those units, 698 919 are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-109 Figure 3-22: Proposed RHNA Sites in Arcadia, Non-White Population

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-110 Figure 3-23 shows location of proposed candidate sites to meet the RHNA for Arcadia in comparison with census data showing the percentage of the population within each block group who is categorized as low income or moderate income by the American Community Survey. Figure 3-23 shows the following findings:
o One proposed site to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 80 potential units, or one percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as low or moderate income less than 10 percent. Of those units, none are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes.
o There are no block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as low or moderate income less than 10 percent.
o 17 18 proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 393 395 potential units, or 3.2 percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as low or moderate income between 10 and 25 percent. Of those units, 9979 are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes. o 582532 proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 11,3269,803 potential units, 820 percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as low or moderate income between 25 and 50 percent. Of those units, 1,9772,690 are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes. o 148 150proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 1,9861,998 potential units, or 146 percent of the total potential units) are located within block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as low or moderate income between 50 and 75 percent. Of those units, 402 519 are proposed as affordable to low and very low incomes. o There are no block groups that have a percentage of the population that identifies as low or moderate income above 75 percent.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-111 Figure 3-23: Arcadia Proposed RHNA Sites, Low and Moderate Income

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-112 Figure 3-24 shows locations of Racially Concentrated Areas of Affluence (RCAA) in the City of Arcadia.

RCAAs are defined as census tracts where 1) 80 percent or more of the population is white, and 2) the median household income is $125,000 or greater (slightly more than double the national the median household income in 2016.34 While the City has census tracts where the median household income is greater than or equal to $125,000, there are no tracts where the population is greater than or equal to 80 percent White, resulting in no RCAAs identified within the City bounds (See Figure 3-24).

34 HCD. (2021). Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing. Available at https://www.hcd.ca.gov/community- development/affh/docs/affh_document_final_4-27-2021.pdf.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-113 Figure 3-24: RCAAs in Arcadia

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-114 Figure 3-25 shows location of Racially/Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty (R/ECAP) in the City of Arcadia. R/ECAPs are defined as census tracts where 1) 50 percent or more of the community identifies as non-white, and 2) 40 percent or more of the population lives at or below the federal poverty line.35 Figure 3-25 shows that there are no R/ECAPS within the City of Arcadia.

35 Ibid.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-115 Figure 3-25: R/ECAPs in Arcadia

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-116 Figure 3-26 shows location of Opportunity Composite Score by Census Tract (TCAC/HCD) in the City of Arcadia. TCAC/HCD Opportunity composite scores are a measure of the concentration of race in a small area compared to a county level along with 30 percent of the population living below the poverty line.36 Figure 3-26 concludes that:
o 670 proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 11,231 potential units, or 92 percent of the total potential units) are located within a highest resource zone. Of the proposed units, 2,257 are proposed as affordable to Low and Very Low incomes. o 27 proposed sites to accommodate the RHNA allocation (totaling 951 potential units, or 8 percent of the total potential units) are located within a high resource zone. Of the proposed units, 201 are proposed as affordable to Low and Very Low incomes.

36 Ibid.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-117 Figure 3-26 TCAC/HCD in Arcadia

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-118 AB 686 Sites Analysis AFFH Findings
The fair housing analysis above displays the following results:
o The City has capacity to accommodate the future housing at all income levels o The sites identified to accommodate the RHNA allocation are concentrated in areas proximate to transit.
o The areas identified to accommodate the low and very low income RHNA create opportunities for lower income residents to access housing in higher resource areas. o The areas identified to accommodate the low and very-low income RHNA are in areas where the City will plan for higher density housing and are in resource rich areas.

I. Summary of Programs to Support Fair Housing
To enhance mobility and promote inclusion for protected classes, the chief strategy included in this housing element is to provide sites suitable for affordable housing in high-resource, high opportunity areas, as demonstrated by the analysis of the housing resource sites contained in Appendix A. Programs listed in Chapter 10: Implementation Plan that affirmatively further fair housing issues in Arcadia include the following:
o Program 5-4: Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program o Program 5-25. Fair Housing
o Program 5-26: Fair Housing Assistance
o Program 5-23: Homeless Program Assistance
o Program 5-27: Supportive Housing/Low Barrier Navigation Centers

Enhancing Housing Mobility Strategies
• 5-6. Residential Sites Inventory
• 5-7. Expansion of the Downtown Mixed-Use Area to Permit Residential Uses • 5-8. Establish an Overlay in the Downtown Mixed-Use Area to Permit Residential Uses • 5-9: Increase Density of the Mixed Use Zone
• 5-10. Expand and Update the Residential Flex Overlay in the Las Tunas Corridor • 5-11. Expand and Update the Residential Flex Overlay in the Live Oak Corridor • 5-12. Establish an Overlay to Permit Residential Uses in the Commercial General Zone • 5-13. Increase Density of the R-3 Zone
• 5-16. Housing Density Bonus
• 5-23. Public Information about Affordable Housing
• 5-24. Emergency Shelters, Transitional, and Supportive Housing • 5-28. Affordable Housing for Families and Persons with Special Needs • 5-29. Homeless Program Assistance
• 5-33. Supportive Housing/Low Barrier Navigation Centers • 5-34. Update Reasonable Accommodation Procedures
• 5-35. Water and Sewer Service Providers
Encouraging the Development of New Affordable Housing in High Resource Areas • 5-6. Residential Sites Inventory
• 5-7. Expansion of the Downtown Mixed-Use Area to Permit Residential Uses • 5-8. Establish an Overlay in the Downtown Mixed-Use Area to Permit Residential Uses

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-119 • 5-9: Increase Density of the Mixed Use Zone
• 5-10. Expand and Update the Residential Flex Overlay in the Las Tunas Corridor • 5-11. Expand and Update the Residential Flex Overlay in the Live Oak Corridor • 5-12. Establish an Overlay to Permit Residential Uses in the Commercial General Zone • 5-15. Encourage Development of Housing Sites Listed in Inventory • 5-17. ADU and JADU Incentive and Monitoring Program
• 5-18. Candidate Sites Used in Prior Housing Element Planning Cycle • 5-19. Inclusionary Housing Policy
• 5-20. Lot Consolidation Incentives
• 5-21. Preservation of Rental Opportunities
• 5-25. Participation in the San Gabriel Valley Housing Trust • 5-26. SB 35 Streamlining
• 5-27. Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program
• 5-28. Affordable Housing for Families and Persons with Special Needs • 5-32. Fair Housing Assistance
• 5-35. Mitigating High Development Fees and Development Standards for Affordable Housing Projects
Improving Place-Based Strategies to Encourage Community Conservation and Revitalization, including preservation of existing Affordable Housing
• 5-1. Home Rehabilitation
• 5-2. Code Enforcement
• 5-3. Residential Design Guidelines
• 5-4. Preservation of At-Risk Units
• 5-5. Preservation of Middle-Income Housing through New Housing Providers • 5-19. Inclusionary Housing Policy
• 5-20. Lot Consolidation Incentives
• 5-21. Preservation of Rental Opportunities
• 5-30. Housing Sustainability
• 5-35. Mitigating High Development Fees and Development Standards for Affordable Housing Projects
Protecting Existing Residents from Displacement
• 5-1. Home Rehabilitation
• 5-4. Preservation of At-Risk Units
• 5-18. Candidate Sites Used in Prior Housing Element Planning Cycle • 5-21. Preservation of Rental Opportunities
• 5-22. Replacement Unit Program

44. Housing Resources
A. Regional Housing Needs Allocation
The Housing Element is required to identify potential candidate housing sites by income category to meet the City’s RHNA allocation. The sites identified within the Housing Element represent the City of Arcadia’s ability to plan for housing at the designated income levels within the 6th housing cycle planning period (2021-

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-120 2029). The identified sites are either residentially zoned or within Focus Areas identified by the City with the potential to accommodate re sidential uses. As de scribed in Appendix A: Adequate Sites , the development capacity for each site depends on its permitted density, consistency with surrounding uses, the City’s past performance and development trends and the site’s location as well as known development factors.

Residential Sites Inventory
The residential sites inventory can be found in a tableTable A-22 within Appendix A. The table identifies each candidate housing site within Arcadia’s inventory by APN. The sites inventory contains, by parcel, relevant information to t he calculation of unit capac ity and an assessment of redevelopment propensity based on existing use present on the site.

Selection of Suitable Sites
The City of Arcadia conducted a thorough analysis of all parcels within the City to determine which areas may have the most realistic potential to redevelop for residential uses within the planning period. The City has identified 23 parcels within residentially zoned land at existing densities. Additionally, the City has identified several Focus Areas to allow for residential use and/or higher density that is compatible with adjacent development.

Unit CapacityNet Unit Capacity Calculation
Total unit capacity for the City was calculated on a per-parcel basis. Net unit capacity per parcel was calculated by evaluating for buildable acreage, multiplying by an assumed buildout density based on zoning, and subtracting any existing units. As opposed to calculating capacity using maximum density, the City assumed a build out density at 80 percent of the maximum density to provide a more conservative estimate of actual unit production. Potential constraints, to the extent they are known, such as environmentally sensitive areas and steep slopes were considered, and deductions were made where those factors decreased the net buildable area of a parcel. The City is also utilizing a calculation of affordability to project a more conservative and realistic buildout of affordable units. These assumptions are outlined within in Table A-21 within Appendix A.

Development of Non-Vacant Sites and Conversion to Residential Uses The City of Arcadia does not have sufficient vacant land available to accommodate 50 percent of the Low and Very Low income RHNA. To accommodate the need at all income levels, the City has analyzed 700 sites to permit residential development in the Downtown area, Las Tunas/ Live Oak Corridor, and Commercial-General properties.

As part of the candidate housing sites analysis, the City has evaluated recent projects that have redeveloped to include residential units. Those projects are shown in Table A-3 of Appendix AAppendix A.1.

Use of Small Parcels
The City has identified 400 parcels which do not meet the HCD sizing criteria standards. The City believes there is viable opportunity for residential development on these sites through regulatory incentives and waivers. For sites smaller than one half of an acre, the City has codified a program to incentivize small lot development and consolidation. A program to encourage developers to utiliz e small sites is described in Chapter 10: Implementation Plan and a detailed description of the assumptions related to thesese sites is outlined in Section 6 of Appendix A.

Accessory Dwelling Unit Production

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-121 Accessory dwelling units (ADUs) are housing units which may be developed in addition to an existing single- or multi-family residential use. These housing units can be free-standing or attached to a primary structure and are intended to provide additional housing on an existing residential lot. Often ADUs provide housing for family members or are rented to members of the community.

The City of Arcadia has determined based on past performance that it is appropriate to anticipate the development of 351 296 ADUs from 2021 – 2029. This projection is based primarily on the uptick in permitting that the City experienced between 2018 and 2020. The calculation based on this projection is outlined in Appendix A.

Regional Housing Needs Allocation
Future Housing Needs
Future housing need refers to the share of the regional housing need that has been allocated to the City.

The State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) has supplied a regional housing goal to the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). SCAG was then required to allocate the housing goal to each jurisdiction within the region through a RHNA Plan. In allocating the region’s future housing needs to jurisdictions, SCAG is required to take the following factors into consideration pursuant to Section 65584 of the State Government Code:
o Market demand for housing;
o Employment opportunities;
o Availability of suitable sites and public facilities; o Commuting patterns;
o Type of tenure of housing;
o Loss of units in assisted housing developments;
o Over-concentration of lower income households; and
o Geological and topographical constraints.

HCD, through a determination process, allocates units to each region across California. It is then up to each region to determine a methodology and process for allocating units to each jurisdiction within that region.

SCAG adopted its Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA Plan) in March 2021. The RHNA covers an 8-year planning period (starting in 2021) and addresses housing issues that are related to future growth in the region. The RHNA allocates to each city and county a “fair share” of the region’s projected housing needs by household income group. The major goal of the RHNA is to assure a fair distribution of housing among cities and counties within the SCAG region, so that every community provides an opportunity for a mix of housing for all economic segments.

Arcadia’s share of the SCAG regional growth allocation is 3,214 new units for the current planning period (2021-2029). Table 3-36 Housing Needs for 2021- 2029, indicates the City’s RHNA need for the stated planning period.

Table 3-36: Housing Needs for 2021 – 2029
Income Category Percent of Median Family
Income (MFI)
Arcadia’s RHNA Allocation for
the 2021 – 2029 Planning
Period
Very Low Income 0-50% MFI 1,102
Low Income 51-80% MFI 570
Moderate Income 81-120% MFI 605
Above Moderate Income >120% MFI 937

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-122 Total 3,214

Summary of Sites Inventory and RHNA Obligations
Table 3-37: Summary of RHNA Status and Sites Inventory
Very Low
Income
Low
Income
Moderate
Income*
Above
Moderate
Income
Total
RHNA (2021-2029) 1,102 570 605 937 3,214
Remaining Unmet RHNA 1,102 570 605 937 3,214
Unit Capacity on Site Inventory
Pipeline Projects 26 80 981 1,087
Existing Residentially Zoned
Land 277 112 702 1,091
Accessory Dwelling Unit
Projection 202 6 88 296
Remaining RHNA 1,167 407 -- 1,574
Rezone Strategies
Downtown Mixed-Use 374 148 958 1,480
Mixed-Use Upzone 124 51 302 477
Live Oak and Las Tunas
Residential Flex Overlay 203 82 509 794
C-G Residential Flex 252 100 640 992
R-3 Upzone 213 84 513 810
Arcadia Golf Course 48 72 72 192
Rezone Strategies Potential
Development Capacity 1,214 537 2,994 4,745
Total Potential Development
Capacity 1,719 735 4,765 7,219
Sites Surplus/Shortfall +47 +261 +5,042 --
Percentage Buffer 3% 22% 409% --

55. Financial Resources
Providing an adequate supply of decent and affordable housing requires funding from various sources, the City has access to the following funding sources.

A. Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher
The Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program is a Federal government program established by the 1974 Housing and Community Development Act to assist very low income families, the elderly, and the disabled with rent subsidy payments in privately owned rental housing units. Section 8 participants are able to choose any housing that meets the requirements of the program and are not limited to units located within subsidized housing projects. They typically pay 30 to 40 percent of their income for rent and utilities. The

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-123 Los Angeles Housing Authority Administers Section 8 Housing Choice vouchers within the City. In 2020 the County allocated 101 Section 8 vouchers to residents in the community.

B. Grants and Programs
The City receives a variety of financial resources towards expanding economic opportunities for the community of Arcadia.

Community Development Block Grants (CDBG)
The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program provides annual grants on a formula basis for cities to develop viable urban communities by providing suitable living environments and expanding economic opportunities, primarily for low and moderate income persons (up to 80% AMI). CDBG funds can be used for a wide variety of activities, including:
o Housing rehabilitation;
o Lead-based paint screening and abatement;
o Construction or rehabilitation of public-facilities and infrastructure; and o Public services for low income households and those with special needs.

San Gabriel Valley Regional Housing Trust
The City has participated in the San Gabriel Valley Regional Housing Trust (SGVRHT) since 2020. This housing trust allows San Gabriel Valley cities to work together in order to build affordable housing. 37 The
Trust has sought funds, which would be matched, to retain, build, and or support affordable housing in the City and region.

CalCHA and CSCDA-CIA
The City Council adopted resolutions to join two newly formed Housing Authorities, CalCHA and CSCDA- CIA. These authorities create middle income multifamily housing through the Create opportunity to create middle income multifamily housing through issuance of tax-exempt bonds to acquire existing apartment buildings. Units acquired are converted to rent restricted housing for middle income households earning no greater than 120% of Area Median Income with rent capped at no… Proposed acquisition
C. Opportunities for Energy Conservation
The primary uses of energy in urban areas are for transportation lighting, water heating, and space heating and cooling. The high cost of energy demands that efforts be taken to reduce or minimize the overall level of urban energy consumption. Energy conservation is important in preserving non-renewable fuels to ensure that these resources are available for use by future generations. There are also a number of benefits associated with energy conservation including improved air quality and lower energy costs.

Title 24
The City abides to Title 24 standards as mandated by the State. Title 24 establishes energy efficiency standards for residential and nonresidential buildings (new structures and additions) to reduce energy

37 San Gabriel Valley Housing Trust. Available at https://www.sgvrht.org/about. Accessed on September 7, 2021.

Section 3: Constraints, Resources, and Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing 3-124 consumption. The standards are updated every three years to achieve greater efficiency and reach for new goals.

Energy Use and Providers
The Clean Power Alliance (CPA) is the new electricity generation provider for the City of Arcadia. The CPA is a nonprofit entity, formed to bring clean, renewable power choices to the communities it serves. The Clean Power Alliance purchases clean power which is delivered to residents through Southern California Edison (SCE). The City of Arcadia has selected CPA’s Lean Power as the default option for the community, which provides 36 percent clean power. The SCE is still responsible for delivering grid reliability and resolving any issues with electricity service. Currently, SCE has no immediate plans for expansion of infrastructure. However, every year SCE expands and improves existing facilities according to demand.

The Southern California Gas Company (SCGC) provides natural gas service for the City. Natural gas is a “fossil fuel” and is a non -renewable resource. Most of the major natural gas transmission pipelines within the City are owned and operated by SCGC. SCGC has the capacity and resources to deliver gas except in certain situations that are noted in state law. As development occurs, SCGC will continue to extend its service to accommodate development and supply the necessary gas lines.

Section 1: Introduction Page 1-1

TTechnical Background Report
SSection 4
Review of Past Performance

Section 4: Review of Past Performance 4 - 2
Section 4: Review of Past Performance

11. Review of Past Performance
The following chart is a review of the City of Arcadia’s housing project and program performance in the 2013 -2020 Planning Period. It is an evaluation of the 5 th Cycle’s Policy Program and considers the City’s progress towards completing all programs outlined within the 5 th Cycle Housing Element.

Name of
Program Objective Program Accomplishments Status for Sixth Cycle 5-1 Home
Rehabilitation
Maintain the City's housing
stock by offering low income
homeowners grants up to
$18,000 to make necessary
home improvements
including plumbing,
electrical, roofing, termite
control, painting, energy
improvements and
accessibility improvements.

The City made minor modifications to
the program during the 5th Cycle.

Most recently, the City Council
authorized an increase in the
maximum grant for single-family
homes from $15,000 to $20,000 and
for condominiums from $10,000 to a
maximum of $15,000.

From 2017 to 2020, approximately 10
– 13 grants were issued to qualified
homeowners each year and a total of
48 homeowners during this time
frame have received grants.

Continued. The City of Arcadia has been
successful in assisting an estimated 13
households per year within the 5th cycle. The
City understands that safe and adequate
housing is essential for healthy living, and that
home rehabilitation assistance can help
increase access to healthy homes and support
the ability for residents to age in place in
appropriate living situations. The City will
continue to incorporate the homeowner grants
available during the 6
th cycle.
5-2 Code
Enforcement
Implement adopted
regulations aimed at
property maintenance in a
manner that is helpful to
homeowners and property
owners to maintain beautiful
neighborhoods and high
property values.

The City's Code Enforcement
department continues to provide code
enforcement activities and connect
households with City rehabilitation
programs and provides proactive
code enforcement of vacant
properties in an
effort to resolve code
violations. In addition, the City banned
Air BNB's in an effort to keep housing
units for housing purposes.

Continued. It is necessary for the City to
respond to and enforce building code and
safety requirements. Code enforcement
supports safe, accessible, and sanitary
housing opportunities. The City will continue to
address noncompliant properties through
existing methods as well as new methods
should they become available during the 6th
cycle.

Section 4: Review of Past Performance 4 - 3
Name of
Program Objective Program Accomplishments Status for Sixth Cycle From 2018 to 2020, the City received
approximately 1,000 property
maintenance code enforcement cases
each year. Approximately 600 of
these cases were related to housing
maintenance.

5-3 Residential
Design
Guidelines
Preserve neighborhood
character and encourage
high-quality residential
design throughout the city
through the implementation
of Residential Design
Guidelines for single
-family
and multifamily
development.

The City continues to implement the
Design Guidelines during the City's
architectural design review process of
single-family and multifamily
development applications. In October
2019, the City updated the City's
Residential, Non
-Residential and
Signage Design Guidelines and
created new Guidelines for Mixed-
Use Developments. The City also
implemented a City Center Design
Plan for the Downtown Area.

Continued. The City will continue to review and
encourage high-quality residential design that
will enhance the City’s character and the
quality of life. The program was ongoing in the
2014
-2021 planning period and will continue
into the 2021-2029 planning period.
5-4 Preservation
of At-Risk Units
Monitor status of units at-risk
of losing their affordability
and converting to market-
rate.

The City continues to monitor Naomi
Gardens, which provides 100 units
affordable to very low and low income
elderly mobility impaired households,
on annual basis by maintaining
contact with the property owner and
HUD
Multifamily Housing division to
ensure continued funding through the
Section 8
program.

Continued. The City monitored Naomi Gardens
through the 5th cycle and will continue to
monitor the property on an annual basis to
ensure that it remains affordable through the
6th cycle. The City will continue to work with
property owners to maintain and preserve
exiting affordable housing stock.

Naomi
Gardens has received LIHTC funding.
5-5 Residential
Sites Inventory
Maintain an inventory of
vacant and underutilized
properties with the
appropriate densities and
development standards to
accommodate the remaining
The City annually updates the
inventory of vacant and underutilized
sites, provides inventory to interested
developers and monitors
development
trend in the City.

Continued. The City will continue to make
available appropriate sites to accommodate
their RHNA allocations and will continue to
provide information to interested developers.

Annual reports will be prepared throughout the
planning period and the program will be
included in the 6
th cycle.

Section 4: Review of Past Performance 4 - 4
Name of
Program Objective Program Accomplishments Status for Sixth Cycle Regional Housing Needs
Assessment of 1,054 units.
5-6 Lot
Consolidation
Initiatives
Incentivize the process to
consolidate lots to provide
housing opportunity sites by
streamlining the Lot Line
Adjustment process, which
can consolidate four or fewer
lots without the need of a
public

hearing or discretionary
action; by offering fee
waivers and priority in permit
processing.

The City's fee schedule was updated
to include the fee waiver to incentivize
the consolidation process. In addition,
the City continues to streamline the
consolidation process through its Lot
Line Adjustment process by providing
short processing times (10 business
days), however, some of the Lot Line
Adjustment applications are
accompanied by various other
development

applications which cannot be
processed in that short timeframe.

Continued: The City adjusted the fee schedule,
waiver, and shortened the processing time
when possible to incentivize lot consolidation
during the 5th cycle. The City will continue to
promote the lot consolidation program through
the 6th cycle and will work with developers to
utilize the program to increase housing options,
specifically affordable housing, in the City
.
5-7 Section 8
Housing Choice
Voucher Program
Participate in HUD's Section
8 Housing Choice Voucher
Program, administered
by the Los Angeles County
Housing Authority, to provide
assistance to extremely low
and very low income
households by paying the
difference between 30% of
the household income

and the cost of rent.

The City continues to participate in
the Section 8 Housing Choice
Voucher program through the Los
Angeles County Housing Authority.

The City provide
s specific information
about the Section 8 program, but
forwards inquiries for participation to
the Los Angeles County Housing
Authority for further processing.

From 2017 – 2020 approximately 385
households received vouchers and
approximately 50 – 60 households
were on the waiting list each year.

Continued: Arcadia participated in Los Angeles
County Housing Authority’s Section 8 Voucher
program in the 5th cycle and will continue to do
so in the 6th cycle. The City recognizes the
importance of housing support programs and
will continue to advertise and provide
information about the program.
5-8 Affordable
Housing for
Families and
Persons with
Special Needs
Facilitate the development of
housing affordable to
persons with disabilities,
including persons with
development
disabilities.

The City continues to explore
affordable housing opportunities when
presented and encourage housing
developers to include accessibility for
individuals with
disabilities in their
project designs. In addition, the City
updated the Reasonable
Continued: The program was ongoing during
the 5th cycle. The City will continue to promote
the adopted ordinance to housing developers
during the 6th Cycle to ensure the
development of affordable housing to those
with disabilities.

The City will also continue to
investigate ways to lower barriers and

Section 4: Review of Past Performance 4 - 5
Name of
Program Objective Program Accomplishments Status for Sixth Cycle Accommodation ordinance in 2010,
and again under the Development
Code update, that was adopted on
November 15, 2016.
distribute information regarding the
development of housing for people with
disabilities during the 6th Cycle.
5-9 Housing
Sustainability
Provide programs that
promote
sustainable development in
the City.

Through the development process,
the City continues to enforce City
building codes and ordinances,
including Green building
codes,
construction recycling, water
efficiency and sustainable Arcadia
education program to enhance energy
efficiency in residential construction
and maintenance.

Continued: The City established the
Sustainable Arcadia educational programs and
enforced green building codes during the 5th
cycle. The City provides information on water
conservation and several environmental
programs to promote and support sustainability
on the City’s website. The City also provides
the current California Green Building
Stand
ards Checklist for residential and
commercial development through the City
website.

The City recognizes the need to work toward
more sustainable development to protect the
environment and will continue to do so during
the 6th cycle.
5-10 Residential
Neighborhood
Integrity

Preserve the City's
residential
neighborhood integrity by
addressing
commercial housing uses
such as birthing
homes, boarding homes,
single-room occupancy
housing, and similar uses in
residential zones.

The City's updated Development
Code was adopted on November 15,
2016 which addressed location and
development standards for single
-
room occupancy housing and
classified birthing hotels as boarding
homes which are prohibited in City
per the updated Development Code.

In addit
ion, short-term rentals are not
allowed in the City.

Completed: The City updated the Development
Code to address the uses listed within the 5th
cycle, as it will remain moving forward.
5-11 Fair
Housing
Provide information to
residents, landlords of
residential property and
other professionals involved
in the insurance,
construction, sale or lease of
The City continues to contract with
HRC to provide fair housing services
to residents. The City also provides
information on fair housing programs,
HRC and services provided by the
City through the City newsletter and
Continued: The City of Arcadia contracts with
HCR who provides information to residents on
fair housing services during the 5th cycle. The
City acknowledges the importance of fair
housing access for a community, and the City
is committed to understanding and mitigating

Section 4: Review of Past Performance 4 - 6
Name of
Program Objective Program Accomplishments Status for Sixth Cycle residential property of the
laws pertaining to fair
housing by contracting with
the Housing Rights Center.
community events, including the
annual Senior Fair.
fair housing issues that may arise. The City
provides HRC contact information and shares
informational flyers provided by the HRC on
the City website.

The City will continue to contract with HCR
during the 6th cycle to provide necessary and
appropriate fair housing resources
and
information to the community.
5-12 Transitional
and Supportive
Housing

Amend City zoning
ordinance to be in
accordance with
Government Code Section
655839(a)(5) to consider

transitional housing and
supportive housing as a
residential use of property.

The City's updated Development
Code was adopted on November 15,
2016 which included provisions to
accommodate transitional and
supportive housing as a residential
use and defined both terms in
accordance with Government Code
Section 65582.

Completed: The City updated the Zoning
Ordinance in accordance with Government
Section 655839(a)(5) within the 5
th cycle, as it
will remain moving forward. Going forward with
the 6th Cycle, the City will ensure that the use
table is amended so ensure that the use table
is amended to allow supportive and transitional
housing is otherwise permitted.

Section 1: Introduction 1
TTechnical Background Report
AAppendix A
Adequate Sites

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-1

Appendix A: Adequate Sites
AA. Adequate Sites Analysis Overview
The Housing Element is required to identify potential candidate housing sites by income category to meet the City’s RHNA Allocation. The sites identified within the Housing Element represent the City of Arcadia’s plan for housing at the designated income levels within the 6th housing cycle planning period (2021 – 2029).

The identified sites are either residentially zoned at a minimum of 30 du/acre or within areas of focusFocus Areas identified by the City with supporting strategies to stimulate future housing growth. As described in this appendix, the development capacity of each site depends on permitted density and specific assumptions identified for each “Focus Area”. Currently, there are 48 sites that meet the default density and 7003 sites that will be rezoned or upzoned in order to meet the default density.

The appendix contains Table A-22, which identifies each candidate housing si te within Arcadia’s sites inventory. The sites are identified by assessor parcel number (APN) as well as a unique identifier used to track sites within the inventory. Additionally, the following information is provided for each parcel. • Address
• Ownership
• Zoning (including overlays if applicable)
• Size (net developable acres removing known development constraints) • Assumed density
• Vacancy status
• Previous housing element identification
• Potential development capacity (dwelling units) by income category • Description of existing use
Table A-1 shows the City’s 2021-2029 RHNA need by income category as well as a summary of the sites identified to meet the need. The analysis within this appendix shows that the City of Arcadia has the capacity to meet their 2021-2029 RHNA allocation through a variety of methods, including:
• Identification of development capacity on sites which permit development of residential uses at or above 30 dwelling units per acre
• Development of approved projects which do not have certificates of occupancy (Pipeline Projects) • Future development of Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) • Identification of residential property for rezone to higher-density residential use • Identification of non-residential property for rezone to residential use • Identification of property with expressed developer interest

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-2

Table A-1: Summary of RHNA Status and Sites Inventory
Very Low
Income
Low
Income
Moderate
Income*
Above
Moderate
Income
Total
RHNA (2021-2029) 1,102 570 605 937 3,214
Unit Capacity on Site Inventory
Pipeline Projects 26 80 981 1,087
Existing Residentially Zoned
Land 277 112 702 1,091
Accessory Dwelling Unit
Projection 202 6 88 296
Remaining RHNA 1,167 407 -- 1,574
Focus Areas
Downtown Mixed-Use 374 148 958 1,480
Mixed-Use Upzone 124 51 302 477
Live Oak and Las Tunas
Residential Flex Overlay 203 82 509 794
C-G Residential Flex 252 100 640 992
R-3 Upzone 213 84 513 810
Arcadia Golf Course 48 72 72 192
Rezone Strategies Potential
Development Capacity 1,214 537 2,994 4,745
Total Potential Development
Capacity 1,719 735 4,765 7,219
Sites Surplus/Shortfall +47 +261 +5,042 --
Percentage Buffer 3% 22% 409% --

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-3

Figure A-1: Sites Inventory

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-4

1. Selection of Sites
The City of Arcadia has identified sites with capacity to accommodate the 2021-2029 RHNA. The identified sites were evaluated based on surrounding and existing on-site development to determine the extent to which on-site uses have the potential to redevelop within the planning period (2021-2029). The City has also conducted an analysis to identify non-residentially zoned sites with characteristics indicating they have the potential to redevelop within the planning period. Through the analysis of existing residentially zoned sites, the City has identified 23 properties at their existing densities and six “Focus Areas” to apply strategies and programs to allow for and encourage the development of residential uses. The City has identified the following number of properties as part of specific Focus Areas to accommodate the 6 th cycle RHNA: and non-residentially zoned sites, the City has identified the following categories of properties to accommodate the 6th Cycle RHNA:
• 23 existing residentially zoned parcels at their existing densities • 75 30 parcels propertiesparcels as part of the Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion sStrategyrezone strategy
• 3075 propertiesparcels as part of the Downtown Mixed-Use Overlay sStrategy parcels as part of the Downtown Mixed Use residential flex overlay implementation strategy • 1067 parcels as part of the Mixed Use Upzone strategypropertiesparcels as part of the Mixed- Use Upzone Strategy
• 576 parcels as part of the Las Tunas and Live Oak Rresidential Fflex Ooverlay implementation strategy
• 76 parcels as part of the C-G Rresidential Fflex Ooverlay implementation strategy • 355 parcels as part of the High Density Residential (R-3) Upzone strategy • The Arcadia Golf Course sitepropertyredevelopment

2. Projects in the Pipeline
The City has identified a number of projects currently in, or that have completed the entitlement process.

These projects are likely to be developed and/or first occupied during the planning period and count as credit towards the 2021-2029 RHNA allocation. The City has currently identified 1428 projects with a planned development of 1,087 net units, 26 of which will be affordable to Low and Very Low income households. These pipeline projects are projected to provide additional housing to the City have not yet been built and are in various stages of the development process. Table A-2 below summarizes the details for each pipeline project.

Two of the Pipeline Projects described below are designated as being able to accommodate affordable housing. Project ID 24, the Alexan Project, includes 26 units affordable to Low and Very Low income households and the units will be deed-restricted for this income category. Project ID 26 includes 80 moderate income units that are senior housing units within an assisted living project. The designation of the affordability level for Project ID 26 was agreed upon by both the City and the developer. The City will continue to work with the developer to ensure the affordability of these units for moderate income personshouseholds.

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A - 5

Table A-2: Pipeline Projects
ID Project APN’s Project Name Acres
Existing
General
Plan Land
Use
Existing
Zoning
Extremely Low/Very
Low Income Low Income Moderate
Income
Above
Moderate
Income
Net Yield Project Status
15,19,
3,4,6,7
5773-010-901,-007,-
008,-018,-019,-020
Huntington Plaza
Mixed-Use Project 1.56 DMU,
C 1.0
DMU,
CBD 0 0 0 139 139
Entitled – Building Plan
Check Submittal
Pending
26 5776-001-012 Artis Senior Living Senior Assisted
Living Care Facility 2.82 C C-G 0 0 80 0 80
Entitled – Building Plan
Check Submittal
Pending
17 5775-022-032 205 N. Santa Anita Ave 0.38 DMU DMU 0 0 0 22 22 Planning Review 21 5783-002-013 901 W. Duarte 0.68 HDR R-3 0 0 0 12 12
Entitled – Building Plan
Check Submittal
Pending
20, 25 5788-020-015,
5788-020-029 2607 S. Santa Anita 2.89 MDR R-2 0 0 0 33 33 Planning Review 10,9 8573-024-005,
8573-024-006
122-128 E. Live Oak Mixed-Use
Project 0.41 MU MU 0 0 0 12 12 Planning Review
1, 2,
11, 12,
16, 22,
23 5775-025-029,-031,-
032, -033,-037, -
038, -034
25 N. Santa Anita Ave Mixed-Use
Project 3.79 CBD,
DMU
C 1.0
DMU 0 0 0 157 157 Planning Review
13 5772-002-001 921 N. Santa Anita Ave 0.34 HDR R-3 0 0 0 2 2 Planning Review 8 5779-012-030 43 Genoa St 0.19 HDR R-3 0 0 0 2 2 Planning Review 5 5779-010-010 141 Fano St 0.18 HDR R-3 0 0 0 2 2 Planning Review 18 5778-010-017 1022 La Cadena 0.48 HDR R-3 0 0 0 9 9 Planning Review 14 5779-019-007 416 Genoa St 0.36 MDR R-2 0 0 0 1 1 Entitled – In Building Plan Check Review
24 5773-006-036 150 N. Santa Anita Mixed-Use Project 2.18 DMU DMU 26 0 0 293 319 Conceptual 27,28 5777-038-014, -012 Huntington Village Mixed-Use Project 11.52 C-G C 0 0 0 297 297 Conceptual

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-6

3. Redevelopment of Nonvacant Sites for Residential Use The City of Arcadia does not have sufficient vacant land available to accommodate 50 percent of the low/very-low income RHNA. To accommodate the housing need at all income levels, the City has analyzed sites that currently permit residential development.

As part of the candidate housing sites analysis, the City has evaluated recent projects that have redeveloped on non-vacant sites to include residential units. Those projects, including the zoning, land use prior to redevelopment, and a project analysis of the approved development plan, are shown in Table A- 11 Table A-3.

The City has also conducted a parcel specific analysis of existing uses for each of the identified sites. This analysis of existing uses, including indicators of a likelihood that the existing use could redevelop within the next eight years, is provided in Table A-22. This analysis is based on information readily available to the City, existing use data, and other information that can be found through online research. As part of the site selection process, the City analyzed existing residentially zoned parcels that have propensity to develop at their existing densities. The City identified 23 parcels to accommodate a total of 1,091 units, 27715 of which can accommodate Low and Very Low income households.

In addition to sites that can accommodate housing at their existing capacity, the City identified six Focus Areas that would benefit from residential development to apply strategies such as upzoning and rezoning to achieve the remaining unmet RHNA.

Table A-3: Example Development of Non-Vacant Sites for Residential Uses Project
Address/ APN
Dwelling
Units Zoning Use Prior to
Redevelopment Project Analysis
57 Wheeler
Avenue 38
Downtown
Mixed-
Use
Commercial
The project required approval of a
Conditional Use Permit, Tentative
Parcel Map, and Architectural Design
Review applications for a mixed-use
development consisting of three
stories of 38 residential apartment
units over 17,850 square feet of
ground floor commercial. The
property was previously developed
with a restaurant and parking lot.

Construction has been completed.
56 E. Duarte
Road
APN: 5781-005-
036
37 Mixed-
Use Commercial
The project required approval of
General Plan Amendment, Zone
Change, Conditional Use Permit,
Tentative Tract Map, and
Architectural Design Review
applications for a mixed-use
development consisting of two
stories of 37 residential condominium
units over 19,360 square feet of
ground floor commercial. The
property was previously developed
with a commercial building and

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-7

parking lot. Construction has been
completed

17 Las Tunas
APN: 5788-020-
030 & 5788-020-
031
77 MF
Units
3 Live
Work
Units
Mixed-
Use Commercial
The project required approval of a
Planned Development, Tentative
Tract Map, Lot Line Adjustment,
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review, Protected Tree
Encroachment and Protected
Healthy Tree Removal applications
for 77 residential condominium units,
three (3) live/work unit with 2,487 SF
of commercial space, and 8,500
square feet of ground. Construction
has been completed.
180 W.

Huntington Drive
APN: 5775-024-
023
96 SP-SP Commercial
The project required approval of a
Specific Plan, General Plan
Amendment and Zone Change
applications to allow a hotel and a
50-unit condominium development.

Subsequent modifications to the
specific plan changed the
condominium development to a
mixed-use project and increase the
number of units from 50 to 96 units.

Project has been entitled and
construction plans have been
approved for permit issuance.
117-129 E.

Huntington Drive
& 124-134
Wheeler Avenue
APNs 5773-010-
007 – 008, 5773-
010-901, -018, -
019, -020, and -
021.

139
Central
Business
District &
Downtown
Mixed-
Use
Commercial
The project required approval of a
Minor Use Permit, Major
Administrative Modification,
Architectural Design Review, and
Vesting Tentative Tract Map
applications for the mixed-use
development consisting a 4 and 5
story building with 139 residential
condominium units over 10,000
square feet of ground floor
commercial. The project has been
entitled and is in plan check review
with Building Services.
656 W.

Huntington Dr
APN:
5778-001-
137 - 170
34 R-3 Commercial
The project required approval of an
Architectural Design Review,
Modification, and Tentative Tract
Map applications a 34-unit
condominium residential
development. Construction has been
completed.

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-8

968 - 998
Arcadia Ave
APN: 5783-002-
112 - 129
28 R-3
28-unit Multi-
Family
Development
The project required approval of an
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review and Tentative Tract Map
applications for a 28-unit
condominium residential
development. Construction has been
completed.
919 Fairview
Ave
APN: 5783-006-
087 - 098
12 R-3
One Single Family
Dwelling & an
eight-unit Multi-
Family
Development
The project required approval of an
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review, Protected Tree
Encroachment, and Tentative Tract
Map applications for a 12-unit
condominium residential
development. Construction has been
completed.
736 – 738
Camino Real
Ave
APN: 5383-029-
041 - 058
18 R-3
Four Single Family
Dwellings & a
four-unit Multi-
Family
Development
The project required approval of an
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review and Tentative Tract Map
applications for an 18-unit
condominium residential
development. Construction has been
completed.
330 - 340 Genoa
St
APN: 5779-019-
124 - 129
6 R-2
Six-unit Multi-
Family
Development
The project required approval of an
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review and Tentative Tract Map
applications for a 6-unit condominium
residential development.

Construction has been completed.
825 Arcadia Ave
APN: 5783-014-
088 - 105
18 R-3
18-unit Multi-
Family
Development
The project required approval of an
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review and Tentative Tract Map
applications for an 18-unit
condominium residential
development. Construction has been
completed.
506 - 586 S. 2nd
Ave
APN: 5779-008-
065 - 080
20 R-2 Church
The project required approval of an
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review, Protected Tree
Encroachment and Tentative Tract
Map applications for a 20-unit
condominium residential
development. Construction has been
completed.
598 - 608 S. 2nd
Ave
APN: 5779-008-
041 - 049
8 R-2 8-unit Multi-Family
Development
The project required approval of an
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review and Tentative Tract Map
applications for an 8-unit

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-9

condominium residential
development. Construction has been
completed.
415 California St
APN: 5773-016-
188 - 207
20 R-3
10-unit Multi-
Family
Development
The project required approval of a
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review and Tentative Tract Map
applications for a 10-unit
condominium residential
development. Construction has been
completed.
627 - 633
Fairview Ave
APN: 5778-002-
053 - 064
12 R-3 3-unit Multi-Family
Development
The project required approval of a
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review and Tentative Tract Map
applications for a 3-unit condominium
residential development.

Construction has been completed.
501 N. Santa
Anita Ave
APN: 5775-027-
031 - 050
20 R-3 Church
The project required approval of a
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review, Variance, Modification,
Protected Tree Encroachment and
Tentative Tract Map applications for
a 20-unit condominium residential
development. Construction has been
completed.
414 S. 2nd Ave
APN: 5779-004-
023
6 R-2 4-unit Multi-Family
Development
The project required approval of a
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review, Healthy Tree Removal,
Protected Tree Encroachment and
Tentative Tract Map applications for
a 6-unit condominium residential
development. The project is under
construction.
901 W. Duarte
Rd
APN: 5783-002-
013
13 R-3 Single Family
Dwelling
The project required approval of a
Multiple-Family Architectural Design
Review, Healthy Tree Removal,
Protected Tree Encroachment and
Tentative Tract Map applications for
a 13-unit condominium residential
development. The project has been
entitled.

4. Accessory Dwelling Units
Accessory dwelling units (ADUs) are housing units which may be developed in addition to an existing single- or multi-family residential use. These housing units can be free-standing or attached to a primary structure and are intended to provide additional housing on an existing residential lot. Other ADUs provide housing for family members or are rented to members of the community. In accordance with State Law, ADUs are

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-10

allowed in all zones that allow single dwelling unit or multiple dwelling unit development. Junior Accessory Dwelling Units (JADUs) are permitted only in single dwelling unit zones.

As a result of new legislation and an increased effort by the City to promote ADUs, the City has seen an increase in applications. In 2018, the City permitted 16 ADUs, followed by 21 in 2019 and 22 in 2020. As of November 9, 2021, the City had issued 36 ADU permits, had 8 ADU Zoning Clearance projects in review, 9 ADUs approved for Zoning Clearance, and 36 ADU permits in Plan Check accounting for a total count of 89 potential ADUs. While the City is still processing these applications, these ADUs are likely to receive permits in 2021.

Additionally, Tthe passing of SB 9 allows property owners to split a single-family lot into two lots, and either add a second home to their lot or split the lot into two and place duplexes on each. This creates the opportunity for four housing units on a property that is currently limited to a single-family home. The City anticipates that the passing of SB 9 will encourage the creation of ADUs and second units on single-family lots.This law was designed to create additional housing while also preserving low-income, affordable units.

Through July 2021, the City has approved 18 ADUs for development. The City is still processing these applications, which will likely receive permits in 2021. In accordance with State Law, ADUs are allowed in all zones that allow single dwelling unit or m ultiple dwelling unit development. Junior Accessory Dwelling Units (JADUs) are permitted only in single dwelling unit zones.

The City of Arcadia has determined based on past performance that it is appropriate to anticipate the development of 351 296 accessory dwelling units from 2021 to 2029during the 6th planning cycle. Table A- 4 below displays the calculation and estimated projection for the 8-year planning period. To project the number of ADUs throughout the planning period, the City has taken the average of the ADU counts from 2018 to 2021 with the anticipation that new legislation and housing policies will continue to generate a high number of ADUs throughout the planning cycle.
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ͳ͸ ൅ ʹͳ ൅ ʹʹ ൅ ͺͻ
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doubled the average assumption based on the average ADUs per year from 2018 to 2020 with the anticipation that new legislation and housing policies will increase the number of ADUs permitted.

Table A-4: ADU Assumptions
Year ADUs
Projection Period
Total 296
2029 37
2028 37
2027 37
2026 37
2025 37

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-11

2024 37
2023 37
2022 37
2021 89
2020 22
2019 21
2018 16
Additionally, to facilitate the development of ADUs available for lower income households, the City has developed several policies and programs to encourage the development of ADUs for lower income households (see Chapter 10: Implementation ). For the purposes of this projection exercise, the City assumes a percentage of ADUs develop affordably based on ADU Affordability Assumptions produced by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). The SCAG conducted analysis consists of the following steps:
• Calculating maximum rent limits for RHNA income categories for one-person and two person households by county
• Conduct survey of rents for ADUs in the SCAG region
• Use survey data to determine proportion of ADUs within each income category • Create assumption of how many persons will occupy each ADU, finalize proportions Table A-5: SCAG Affordability Breakdown for LA County II Income Category Units
Extremely Low 15.0%
Very Low 8.5%
Low 44.6%
Moderate 2.1%
Above Moderate 29.8%

Using the proportions SCAG created for Los Angeles County, the City has allocated the following ADUs for each income category:

Table A-6: Accessory Dwelling Unit Projections by Income Category Income Category Units
Low and Very Low Income 202
Moderate Income 6
Above Moderate Income 88
Total 296

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-12

To assist the City’s ADU development projections, Arcadia has included Program 5-17, which explores actions the City will take to promote and monitor the development of ADUs during the planning period. As outlined in the program, these actions may include:
• Developing public awareness campaigns
• Working with existing ADU owners to maintain existing affordable ADU rentals • Establishing fee-waivers for ADUs that will be made affordable • Establishing an ADU amnesty program
• Exploring potential State and Regional funding sources for affordable ADUs

5. Selection of Sites to Accommodate Remaining Need
Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion & Overlay
The City has identified General Commercial and Commercial Manufacturing zoned properties in and adjacent to Downtown Arcadia as an opportunity to introduce high density residential flex overlays and to expand existing Downtown Mixed-Use zoning. Expanding the opportunity for high density residential in the downtown area is that is compatible with adjacent Central Business District and Downtown Mixed-Use zoned parcels and willthat allow up to 80 units per acre in conjunction with a commercial development and other uses that will support residential development.. The Downtown Mix-Use zone would be expanded to create an overlay, and new residential developments would be allowed by-right, and a commercial component would be required as part of all proposed projects. Table A-7 bBelow arecontainshighlights examples of recently redeveloped Downtown Mixed-Use sites. project that have supported the 80 percent buildout on mixed-use sites.

Table A-7: Downtown Mixed-Use Development
Project Address Zoning Lot Size
(Acres)
Dwelling
Units
Density
(du/acre)
57 Wheeler Avenue1 DMU 0.78 38 48
117-129 E.

Huntington Drive &
124
-134 Wheeler
Avenue
CBD & DMU 1.74 139 80
150 North Santa
Anita Avenue DMU 2.18 319 146
1At the time of this development, the DMU zone allowed a maximum density of 50 du/acre

Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion
The City has identified 30 sites that are currently commercially zoned to be rezoned to Downtown Mixed- Use. Rezoning these sites will allow for residential uses at 80 du/acre. Of the 39.22 acres of land identified as part of this strategy, 37.36 acres met the criteria required by AB 1397 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. An assumed density of 64 du/acre was applied to calculate the theoretical capacity of each site. The theoretical capacity of these sites is projected at 2,405 units. However, a planning-level redevelopment percentage of 50 percent has been applied to project a more feasible assumption of future housing development on Mixed-Use sites. The realistic capacity of

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-13

these sites is projected at 1,214 units, 305 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low income households. 7 parcels smaller than the criteria required by AB 1397 were also identified as part of the Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion. See Section 6 of this Appendix and Table A-20 for the assumptions and projected redevelopment of small parcels.

Downtown Mixed-Use Overlay
The City has identified 75 sites that are currently commercially zoned to implement a Downtown Mixed- Use Overlay that will allow for residential uses at 80 du/acre. Of the 18.19 acres of land identified as part of this strategy, 2.69 acres met the criteria required by AB 1397 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. An assumed density of 64 du/acre was applied to calculate the theoretical capacity of each site. The theoretical capacity of these sites is projected at 352 units. However, a planning-level redevelopment percentage of 50 percent has been applied to project a more feasible assumption of future housing development on Mixed-Use sites. The realistic capacity of these sites is projected at 266 units, 69 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low income households. 73 parcels smaller than the criteria required by AB 1397 were also identified as part of the Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion. See Section 6 of this Appendix and Table A-20 for the assumptions and projected redevelopment of small parcels.

Table A-8 displays the capacity and opportunity for the Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion and Downtown Mixed-Use Overlay which will help accommodatecontribute capacity towards the City’s RHNA allocation.

Figure A-2 and Figure A-3 below maps the sites identified within this Focus Area which can help accommodate a portion of the City’s RHNA allocation. These parcels were identified due to their potential to revitalize Arcadia’s downtown district and provide high density housing near transit. The implementation of Program 5-7: Expansion of the Downtown Mixed-Use Area to Permit Residential Uses, Program 5-19: Inclusionary Housing Policy, and other programs with incentives for affordable housing contribute to the justification for including these sites in the inventory.

Table A-8: Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion and Overlay – Redevelopment Analysis Focus
Area Acreage Max
Density
Assumed
Density
Net Units
Low/Very
Low Moderate Above
Moderate Total
DMU
Expansion 39.22 80 64 305 122 787 1,214
DMU
Overlay 18.19 80 64 69 26 171 266
Total 57.41 -- -- 374 148 958 1,480

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-14

Figure A-2: Downtown Mixed-Use Expansion

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-15

Figure A-3: Downtown Mixed-Use Overlay

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-16

Mixed-Use Upzone
The City has identified the Mixed-Use zone as an opportunity to increase density to promote the development of more residential units which could be supported by adjacent uses. The City will increase the maximum density on Mixed-Use sites from 30 du/acre to 50 du/acre. Table A-9 below describes examples of previously completed projects in the focus area.

Table A-9: Mixed-Use Development
Project Address Zoning Lot Size
(Acres)
Dwelling
Units
Existing
Max Density
(du/acre)
Density
(du/acre)
122-128 E. Live Oak MU 0.41 12 30 30
56 East Duarte MU 1.67 37 30 22
314 East Live Oak MU 0.87 32 30 37
There are 106106 sites or 36.15 acres that are within the Mixed-Use zone. Of the 36.15 acres of land, approximately 17.26 acres met the criteria required by AB 1379 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. An assumed density of 40 du/acre was applied to calculate the theoretical capacity of each site. The theoretical capacity of these sites is projected at 817 units. However, a redevelopment percentage of 50 percent has been applied to project a more feasible assumption of future housing development on Mixed-Use sites. The realistic capacity of these sites is projected at 477 units, 124 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low income households. 92 parcels smaller than the criteria required by AB 1397 were also identified as part of the Mixed-Use Upzone. See Section 6 of this Appendix and Table A-20 for the assumptions and projected redevelopment of small parcels.

Of the 36 acres of land deemed suitable for residential development in the Mixed-Use Zone, approximately 17 acres met the criteria required by AB 1379 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. Parcels with the potential to develop have the capacity to accommodate 821 units of development at an assumed density of 50 du/acre, 162 of which are projected to develop affordably. A number of parcels below the criteria required by AB 1397 were identified as part of the Mixed-Use Upzone. See Section 3 of this Appendix and Table A-2 for the redevelopment analysis of these parcels.

Table A-10 below displays the capacity and opportunity in this Focus Area to help accommodate the City’s RHNA allocation. Figure A-4 and Figure A-5 below maps the sites identified within this Focus Area and the distribution across income categories. The implementation of Program 5-9 Increase Residential Density of the Mixed-Use Zone, Program 5-19: Inclusionary Housing Policy, and other programs with incentives for affordable housing contribute to the justification for including these sites in the inventorythe net capacity assumptions.

Table A-10: Mixed-Use Upzone – Redevelopment Analysis
Acreage
Rezoned
Max
Density
Assumed
Density
Net Units
Low/Very Low Moderate Above
Moderate Total

36.15 50 40 124 51 302 477

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-17

Figure A-4: Site Inventory – Mixed-Use Upzone (1)

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-18

Figure A-5: Site Inventory – Mixed-Use Upzone (2)

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-19

Las Tunas and Live Oak Corridor
The City has identified the Las Tunas and Live Oak Corridor as an opportunity to both increase density and introduce residential density on viable commercial properties. The adjacent Mixed-Use zoning and access to transit supports the increase of residential uses in the corridor. The City identified two sets areas along the corridor with opportunities based on adjacent use and densities to introduce Residential Flex Overlays on commercial properties within the corridor. Table A-11 below shows examples of previously completed projects in the Live Oak and Las Tunas Corridor.

Table A-11: Las Tunas and Live Oak Corridor Development Project Address Zoning Lot Size
(Acres)
Dwelling
Units
Density
(du/acre)
135 – 139 W Live
Oak Ave R-F Overlay 0.81 17 21
122-128 E. Live Oak MU 0.41 12 30
314 East Live Oak MU 0.87 32 37
17 Las Tunas Dr MU 1.8 77 42

Residential Flex Ovrlay (1)Las Tunas Residential Flex Overlay The City has identified 31 sites on Las Tunas Dr that are currently commercially zoned to implement a Residential Flex Overlay that will allow for residential uses at 60 du/acre. Of the 15.92 acres of land identified as part of this strategy, 12.07 acres met the criteria required by AB 1397 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. Parcels within the Las Tunas corridor have the capacity to accommodate 609 units of development at an assumed density of 48 du/acre, 155 of which are projected to accommodate housing affordable to low and very low income households. 17 parcels smaller than the criteria required by AB 1397 were also identified as part of the Las Tunas Residential Flex Overlay. See Section 6 of this Appendix and Table A-20 for the assumptions and projected redevelopment of small parcels.

The City identified parcels east of Santa Anita Avenue suitable for higher density development. Of the 16 acres of land deemed suitable for residential development in this area, 12 acres met the criteria required by AB 1397 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. Parcels within the Live Oak corridor have the capacity to accommodate 505 units of development at an assumed density of 50 du/acre, 100 of which are projected to develop affordably.

Residential Flex Overlay (2)Live Oak Residential Flex Overlay The City identified parcels east of Santa Anita Avenue suitable for higher density development. Of the 10 acres of land deemed suitable for residential development in this area, 4 acres met the criteria required by AB 1397 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. Parcels within the Live Oak corridor have the capacity to accommodate 114 units of development at an assumed density of 30 du/acre, 23 of which are projected to develop affordably. A number of parcels below the criteria required by AB 1397 were identified as part of the Live Oak Corridor Focus Area. See Section 3 of this Appendix and Table A-2 for the redevelopment analysis of these parcels.

The City has identified 26 sites on Live Oak Ave that are currently commercially zoned to implement a Residential Flex Overlay that will allow for residential uses at 50 du/acre. Of the 10.60 acres of land

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-20

identified as part of this strategy, 3.65 acres met the criteria required by AB 1397 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. Parcels within the Las Tunas corridor have the capacity to accommodate 185 units of development at an assumed density of 40 du/acre, 48 of which are projected to accommodate housing affordable to low and very low income households. 21 parcels smaller than the criteria required by AB 1397 were also identified as part of the Residential Flex Overlay (1). See Section 6 of this Appendix and Table A-20Table A-5 for the assumptions and projected redevelopment of small parcels.

Table A-12 displays the capacity and opportunity for the Live Oak and Las Tunas Residential Flex Overlays which will help accommodate the City’s RHNA allocation. Figure A-6 below maps the sites identified within this Focus Area which can help accommodate a portion of the City’s RHNA allocation.

These parcels were identified due to their potential to revitalize Arcadia’s downtown district and provide high density housing near transit. The implementation of Program 5-10: Expand and Update the Residential Flex Overlay in the Las Tunas Corridor, Program 5-11: Expand and Update the Residential Flex Overlay in the Live Oak Corridor, Program 5-19: Inclusionary Housing Policy, and other programs with incentives for affordable housing contribute to the justification for including these sites in the inventory. below displays the capacity and opportunity in this Focus Area which can help accommodate the City’s RHNA allocation. Figure A-6 below maps the sites identified within this Focus Area which can help accommodate the City’s RHNA allocation.

Table A-12: Live Oak and Las Tunas – Redevelopment Analysis Focus
Area Acreage Max
Density
Assumed
Density
Net Units
Low/Very
Low Moderate Above
Moderate Total
Las Tunas
Residential
Flex
Overlay

15.92 60 48 155 63 391 609
Live Oak
Residential
Flex
Overlay

10.60 50 40 48 19 118 185
Total 26.52 -- -- 203 82 509 794

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-21

Figure A-6: Site Inventory – Residential Flex Overlay

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-22

C-G Residential Flex Overlay
The City has identified General Commercial zoned properties as a redevelopment opportunity where underutilized, smaller scale commercial development can transition to support residential development.

Table A-13 below describes the history of residential development on C-G Zoned parcels.

Table A-13: Residential Development on C-G Properties
Project Address Zoning Lot Size
(Acres)
Dwelling
Units
Density
(du/acre)
135-139 West Live
Oak
C-G 0.81 17 21
656 West Huntington
Drive C-G 1.69 34 20
180 West Huntington
Drive C-G 2.88 96 33

The City identified 76 sites (84.38 acres) as part of the C-G Residential Flex Overlay Focus Area. An assumed density of 24 du/acre was applied to calculate the theoretical capacity of each site. The theoretical capacity of these sites is projected at 1,983 units. However, a redevelopment percentage of 50 percent has been applied to project a more feasible assumption of future housing development in this Focus Area. The realistic capacity of these sites is projected at 992 units, 252 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low income households
Of the 84 acres of land deemed suitable for residential development in C-G Zone, all acres met the criteria required by AB 1397 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. Although the parcels within the Sites Inventory have the capacity to accommodate 1,983 units of development at an assumed density of 30 du/acre, an assumption of approximately 50% redevelopment has been applied considering development history, economic factors, and AFFH requirements. In addition, the 50% redevelopment limit would preserve commercial zoned parcels to maintain a commercial base throughout the City. Therefore, the assumed development is projected at 992 units, 198 of which are projected to develop affordably.

Table A-14 below displays the capacity and opportunity in this Focus Area which can help accommodate the City’s RHNA allocation. Figure A-7 below maps the sites identified within this Focus Area which can help accommodate the City’s RHNA allocation. The implementation of Program 5-12: Establish an Overlay to Permit Residential Uses in the Commercial General Zone, Program 5-19: Inclusionary Housing Policy, and other programs with incentives for affordable housing contribute to the justification for including these sites in the inventory.

Table A-14: C-G Residential Flex Overlay – Redevelopment Analysis Feasible
Acreage
Max
Density
Assumed
Density
Net Units
Low/Very
Low Moderate Above
Moderate Total

84.38 30 24 252 100 640 992

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-23

Figure A-7: Site Inventory - C-G Residential Flex Overlay

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-24

R-3 Upzone
The R-3 Zone has been identified by the City as an area with the opportunity to support increased density that is compatible with adjacent higher density residential uses and other uses that support residential development. Higher density within this Focus Area can be expected to accommodate lower income units.

Table A-15: Residential Redevelopment on R-3 Properties Project Address Zoning Lot Size
(Acres)
Dwelling
Units
Density
(du/acre)
656 W. Huntington Dr R-3 1.69 34 20
968 - 998 Arcadia Ave R-3 0.83 28 34
919 Fairview Ave R-3 0.64 12 18
736 – 738 Camino
Real Ave R-3 0.89 18 20
825 Arcadia Ave R-3 0.87 18 20
415 California St R-3 0.70 20 29
627 - 633 Fairview
Ave
R-3 0.57 12 21
901 W. Duarte Rd R-3 0.68 13 19

There are 106355 sites or 236.28 acres that are within the R-3 zone. Of the 236.28 acres of land, approximately 177.21 acres met the criteria required by AB 1379 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. An assumed density of 32 du/acre was applied to calculate the theoretical capacity of each site. The theoretical capacity of these sites is projected at 2,715 units. Through the history of redevelopment of R-3 sites, additional incentives for affordable housing, and inclusionary policy programs, a reasonable redevelopment of 25 percent has been applied. This redevelopment percentage will Aproject a more feasible assumption of future housing development on non-vacant sites with existing multi-family housing. The realistic capacity of these sites is projected at 810 units, 213 of which are projected to be affordable to Low and Very Low income households. 190 parcels smaller than the criteria required by AB 1397 were also identified as part of the R-3 Upzone. See Section 3 of this Appendix and Table A-20 for the assumptions and projected redevelopment of small parcels.

Of the 236 acres of land deemed suitable for residential development in R-3, 177 acres met the criteria required by AB 1397 for sites projected to accommodate Low and Very Low income units. Although the parcels within the Sites Inventory have the capacity to accommodate 2,540 units of development at an assumed density of 40 du/acre, an assumption of approximately 20% redevelopment has been applied considering development history, economic factors, and AFFH requirements. Therefore, the assumed development is projected at 682 units, 142 of which are projected to develop affordably. A number of parcels below the criteria required by AB 1397 were identified as part of the R-3 Upzone. See Section 3 of this Appendix and Table A-2 for the redevelopment analysis of these parcels.

Table A-16 below displays the capacity and opportunity in this Focus Area which can help accommodate the City’s RHNA allocation. Figure A-8, Figure A-9 and Figure A-10 below map the sites identified within this Focus Area which can help accommodate the City’s RHNA allocation. The implementation of Program

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-25

5-13: Increase Density of the R-3 Zone, Program 5-19: Inclusionary Housing Policy, and other programs with incentives for affordable housing contribute to the justification for including these sites in the inventory.

Table A-16: R- 3 Upzone – Redevelopment Analysis
Acreage Max
Density
Assumed
Density
Net Units
Low/Very Low Moderate Above
Moderate Total
236.28 40 32 213 84 513 810

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-26

Figure A-8: Site Inventory – R-3 Upzone (1)

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-27

Figure A-9: Site Inventory – R-3 Upzone (2)

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-28

Figure A-10: Site Inventory – R-3 Upzone (3)

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-29

Arcadia Golf Course
The City has also identified the Arcadia Golf Course as a site to accommodate units across the income categories. The City owns the Arcadia Par 3 Golf Course and is currently negotiating with development teams to evaluate the future sale of the property and/or redevelopment of the site. The City has released a Request for Proposals through the Surplus Land Act (SLA) process and is working through the steps of the SLA process with the development teams mentioned above. It is anticipated that the City will enter into a Purchase and Sale Agreement and a Development Agreement with a selected Development Team on the entitlement of the site. Per the requirements of the SLA, a portion of the project will be dedicated to affordable housing units (at least 25% of all units developed). In addition, the resulting project will also likely retainiain a substantial open space component and provide market-rate units in a Specific Plan format. The projected number of units in this area reflect the current proposals under evaluation, not the number of units the final approved development will include. The projected units for the Arcadia Golf Course developer interest the City received. Table A-17 below displays the projected assumptions for net unit yield based on expressed developer interest. Figure A-11 below maps the Arcadia Golf Course. The implementation of Program 5-14: Develop a Specific Plan for the Arcadia Golf Course, Program 5-19: Inclusionary Housing Policy, and other programs with incentives for affordable housing contribute to the justification for including these sites in the inventory.

Table A-17: Arcadia Golf Course – Projected Redevelopment Acreage Assumed
Density
Net Units
Low/Very Low Moderate Above
Moderate Total

25.86 N/A 48 72 72 192

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A - 3 0

Figure A-11: Site Inventory – Arcadia Golf Course

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-31

6. Development of Small Site Parcels
The City of Arcadia has identified candidate housing sites that are smaller than half an acre in size within several Focus Areas. Assembly Bill 1397 identifies general size requirements for candidate housing sites of greater than half an acre and less than 10 acres in size. The City has an existing Lot Consolidation program and a history of densifying housing on parcels less than a half an acre . Table A-18 provides examples of development on parcels smaller than half an acre. with examples shown in Table A-XX.

Table A-18: Development of Small Sites
Project Address Zoning Lot Size
(Acres)
Dwelling
Units
Density
(du/acre)
Use Prior to
Redevelopment
54 El Dorado R-3 0.18 3 17
Three unit multi-
family
development
900 N. Santa Anita
Ave R-3 0.25 4 16 Single Family
Dwelling
1036 Sunset Blvd R-3 0.42 8 19
Four unit Multi-
Family
Development
148 El Dorado St. R-3 0.18 3 17 Single Family
Dwelling
225 Santa Rosa Rd R-3 0.30 4 13 Two single
family dwellings
31 S. 2nd Ave.. R-3 0.17 3 18 Two single
family dwellings
33 California St R-3 0.18 4 22 Single Family
Dwelling
316 – 320 S. 30.45
Ave. R-2 0.39 4 10 Two single
family dwellings
1013 – 1019 Holly
Ave. R-3 0.45 9 20 Two single
family dwellings
130 Alta St R-3 0.18 3 17
Three unit multi-
family
development
19-23 Christina St. R-3 0.32 6 19
Eight unit multi-
family
development
799 - 803 Arcadia
Ave. R-3 0.30 6 20
Two unit multi-
family
development
40 - 42 Fano St R-3 0.18 3 17
Three unit multi-
family
development
681 N. 1st Ave R-3 0.18 6 33 Church
215 - 217 El Dorado
St. R-2 0.18 2 11
Two unit multi-
family
development
613 - 615 S. 2nd
Ave. R-3 0.18 4 22 Single Family
Dwelling

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-32

138 California St. R-3 0.18 3 17 Single Family
Dwelling
20 Alta St. R-3 0.18 3 17 Single Family
Dwelling
507 W. 3rd Ave R-2 0.17 2 12 Single Family
Dwelling
5731 -5735 Baldwin
Ave. R-3 0.20 4 20 Single Family
Dwelling
323 & 327 S. 3rd
Ave R-2 0.37 4 11
Three detached
Single Family
Dwellings
616 - 618 S. 3rd Ave R-2 0.17 2 12 Single Family
Dwelling
129 El Dorado St R-3 0.18 3 17
Two detached
Single Family
Dwellings
1118 Sunset Blvd R-3 0.15 2 13 Single Family
Dwelling
907-915 Arcadia
Ave
(Lot Consolidation)
R-3 0.18 & 0.43 13 21
Six detached
Single Family
Dwellings
329 Diamond St R-2 0.15 2 13 Single Family
Dwelling
1222 Temple City
Blvd R-3 0.43 10 23
Four unit multi-
family
development
216 S. 3rd Ave R-3 0.14 2 14 Single Family
Dwelling
126 - 128 Diamond
St R-3 0.18 3 17 Single Family
Dwelling
118 – 120 Alta St
(Lot Consolidation) R-3 0.13 & 0.13 6 23
Two Single
Family
Dwellings
139 – 145 Alice St
(Lot Consolidation) R-3 0.16 & 0.27 8 19 Single Family
Dwelling
30 Fano St R-3 0.18 3 17
Three-unit Multi-
Family
development
22 – 26 E. Colorado
Blvd
(Lot Consolidation)
R-3 0.16 & 0.16 8 25
Seven-unit
Multi-Family
development
116 Bonita St R-3 0.18 3 17 Vacant
155 Alice St R-3 0.17 3 18
Three-unit Multi-
Family
development
1028 W. Duarte Rd R-3 0.16 3 19 Single Family
Dwelling

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-33

157 – 159 Genoa St R-3 0.19 4 21
Two Single
Family
Dwellings
121 Bonita St R-3 0.18 3 17
Two Detached
Single Family
Dwellings
418 Fairview Ave R-3 0.32 6 19 Single Family
Dwelling
135 El Dorado St R-3 0.18 3 17 Single Family
Dwelling
9828 E. Naomi Ave R-3 0.22 3 14 Single Family
Dwelling
1027 Arcadia Ave R-3 0.26 6 23
Three-unit Multi-
Family
development
230 California St R-3 0.26 5 19 Single Family
Dwelling
837 – 843 W.

Huntington Dr R-3 0.44 10 23
Eight-unit Multi-
Family
development
314 California St R-3 0.29 5 17 Single Family
Dwelling
1111- 1117 La
Cadena Ave R-3 0.38 8 21
Two Attached
Single Family
Dwellings
147 Alice St R-3 0.17 3 18
Three Single
Family
Dwellings
125 California St R-3 0.18 3 17
Three Single
Family
Dwellings
122 – 128 E. Live
Oak Ave
(Lot Consolidation)
MU 0.20 & 0.20 12 30 Vacant
405 S. 1st Ave MU 0.19 4 21
Two Single
Family
Dwellings
This history of development, combined with additional policy programs to increase density, incentive programs targeting small sites and promoting small lot consolidation, and the implementation of an inclusionary policy serves theas the basis of justification for the inclusion of small sites in the project sites inventory for Low and Very Low incomes within identified focus areas. Many of the sites identified to as part of the sites inventory are not vacant. To account for the challenges of infill development and potential for redevelopment that would be required on many of these sites, a feasibility assumption of 20 percent was applied to the net unit capacity identified on small sites. The small sites feasibility adjustment is used in lieu of the feasibility adjustment that is applied to each of the Focus Areas. capacityidentified on To account for the challenges of infill development that would be required on many of these sites, a feasibility assumption of 20% of net units on small sites was applied. Table A-3 Table A-19 summarizes the theoretical capacity

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-34

of the identified sites smaller than half an acre using the assumptions identified for each focus area while Table A-20 summarizes the realistic capacity of small sites after applying the redevelopment percentage. below displays the capacity and opportunity for small sites within Focus Areas identified by the City Table A-19: Small Site Parcels – Theoretical Development Analysis Focus Area # of Sites
Net Units
Low/Very
Low Moderate Above
Moderate Total
Downtown Mixed-Use 80 268 99 651 1,018
Mixed-Use Upzone 92 187 86 405 678
Las Tunas and Live Oak
Corridor 38 103 43 239 385
R-3 Upzone 190 244 81 548 873

Table A-20: Small Site Parcels – Feasible Redevelopment Analysis Focus Area # of Sites
Net Units
Low/Very
Low Moderate Above
Moderate Total
Downtown Mixed-Use 80 54 20 130 204
Mixed-Use Upzone 92 37 17 81 135
Las Tunas and Live Oak
Corridor 38 21 9 48 78
R-3 Upzone 190 49 16 110 175
The potential candidate sites which are anticipated to be consolidated into groups of parcels with propensity for higher-density residential development are identified within Table A-22 . This analysis is further supported by an existing City program to expedite the processing of lot consolidation and an additional program, Program 5- X20X: Lot Consolidation Incentives which can be seen in Chapter 10:

Implementation Plan.

7. Water, Sewer and Dry Utility Availability
The City of Arcadia has water, sewer, and dry utilities (gas and electric) that exist or are planned to accommodate residential development in the community. The City has the infrastructure in place which is designed and located to accommodate potential for additional housing identified for the 6th Cycle Housing Element. Existing utilities would have the capacity to serve future housing development.

Water and Sewer
The City of Arcadia’s Urban Water Management Plan (2020) identifies the water services and sewer system distribution throughout the community. The City is the sole provider of water services and sewer system distribution for all residents in the City. All the identified sites are within areas that the City services.

According to the UWMP, the City of Arcadia has identified potential reservoir, pipeline, and booster station projects in addition to a joint well project with the City of Sierra Madre to increase water supply.

As a built-out community, the City’s existing water system services all areas within the City limits through various trunk and main lines . The City also prov ides storm drains, sewer syst em lines, and other waste water infrastructure to all areas within the City. The wastewater generated in Arcadia flows into regional trunk lines operated by the County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles. The Sanitation Districts manage a joint sewer outfall system that conveys collected wastewater to treatment plants located in Whittier. Since

Appendix A: Adequate Sites A-35

new development has the potential to result in increased demand for water and wastewater flows, the City regularly monitors the water and sewage systems to ensure adequate service is provided for existing and future planned residential development. The City’s Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP1) in conjunction with their Sewer System Management Plan (SSMP2) outline plans to accommodate for future use and plans for the maintenance and expansion of existing utility infrastructure.

Each site has been evaluated to ensure there is adequate access to water and sewer connections as well as dry utilities such as electric, gas, and telecommunication lines. Most sites are situated with a direct connection to a public street that has the appropriate water and sewer mains and other infrastructure to service the candidate sites.

Utilities
The Southern California Gas Company provides natural gas services to the City. SoCal Gas is a gas-only utility and, in addition to serving the residential, commercial, and industrial markets, provides gas for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and EG customers in Southern California. Clean Power Alliance (CPA) is the main electrical service provider for Arcadia . CPA is a non-profit electric utility that works to bring clean power to the people of Arcadia. Southern California Edison (SCE) will assi st CPA in prov iding services through allowing the use of SCE infrastructure to deliver electricity to households and buildings throughout the City. CPA and SCE will continue to provide adequate services to Arcadia including increased household growth as projected by the City’s RHNA allocation.

In accordance with the California Public Utilities Commission all electric and gas service will be provided for future development in Arcadia as requested. So Cal Gas and Southern California Edison regularly partner with the City to provide services and obtain authorization to construct any required facilities. The City has a mature energy distribution system that will be able to add additional service connections for future residential land uses.