Agenda packet — Buena Park City Council, September 23, 2025 (part 2 of 3)

achment 1

SUMMARY OF PUBLIC COMMENTS
15-Day Comment Period
To be determined
9/23/2025 City Council Meeting
To be determined
Attachment 2
Attac hment 3 Page 1 of 1
Buena Park Analysis of Impediments Fair Housing Summary PROPOSED AI GOALS AND STRATEGIES FY 2024-2025 ACCOMPLISHMENTS 1) In collaboration with the OCHA:
a) Attend quarterly Orange County Housing Authority (OCHA) Housing Advisory Committee to enhance the exchange of
information regarding the availability, procedures, and policies related to the Housing Assistance Voucher program and regional housing issues.
b) Support OCHA's affirmative fair marketing plan and
deconcentrating policies by providing five-year and annual PHA plan certifications.
c) In coordination with OCHA and fair housing services
provider, conduct landlord education campaign to educate property owners about State law prohibiting discrimination based on household income.
a) Staff attended quarterly online meetings.
b) The City provided the PHA Plan certifications to OCHA staff upon request. c) California law expanded “source of income” protections to individuals who use housing rent assistance (e.g., Housing Choice Voucher) effective January 2020. The Fair Housing Foundation (FHF) is prepared to receive and address these types of complaints. The FH received 20 allegations of fair housing law violations– 2 based on age, 1 based on national origin, 1 based on familial status, 2 based on race, 1 based on gender, 7 based on mental disability, and 6 based on physical disability. Fair Housing Foundation successfully resolved 19 cases through counseling and 1 case was opened for further investigation. 2) Through the City's fair housing contractor:
a) Provide fair housing education and information to
apartment managers and homeowner associations on why
denial of reasonable modifications/accommodations is
unlawful.
b) Conduct multi-faceted fair housing outreach to tenants, landlords, property owners, realtors, and property
management companies. Methods of outreach may include
workshops, information booths, presentations to community groups, and distribution of multilingual fair housing literature. a) During the reporting period, FHF received approximately 5 inquiries regarding reasonable accommodation from Buena Park residents. b) During the reporting period, FHF held 4 fair housing workshops for Buena Park residents and 2 information booths at City events as well as 2 walk-in clinics available to the public. Approximately 1,911 residents participated in these outreach and education services. They also attended 9 community meeting and held 2 community presentations to further market their services.
c) The FHF assisted 130 unduplicated Buena Park households by addressing 165 fair housing issues, disputes, and inquiries. Most disputes centered on evictions, notices, and habitability.
d) FHF conducts its audits based on the most common protected classes to identify issues and educate the public.
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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2 - CDBG COMMITTED FUNDS ADJUSTMENTIDIS Activity:

Project: 0002 - CONVERTED CDBG ACTIVITIES
PGM Year: 1994
Description:

General Program Administration (21A)Matrix Code:

Objective:

Outcome:

Open 10/3/2001 12:00:00 AM
,
National Objective:

Status:

Location:
01/01/0001Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
Pre-2015
1982
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
B82MC060502
B86MC060502
B87MC060502
B88MC060502
B89MC060502
B90MC060502
B91MC060502
B92MC060502
B93MC060502
B94MC060502
B95MC060502
$7,860,497.55 $0.00 $0.00
$0.00 $689,000.00
$0.00 $655,000.00
$0.00 $656,000.00
$0.00 $620,000.00
$0.00 $645,000.00
$0.00 $614,000.00
$0.00 $686,000.00
$0.00 $727,000.00
$0.00 $830,000.00
$0.00 $904,000.00
$0.00 $834,497.55
$7,860,497.55 $0.00 $7,860,497.55
Proposed Accomplishments
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

Owner
Total Hispanic
Renter
Total Hispanic
Total
Total Hispanic Total
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Attachment 4
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Office of Community Planning and Development
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CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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0Total:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Hispanic:
0 0 0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0 0
Female-headed Households: 0
Income Category:

Low Mod
Moderate
Extremely Low
Non Low Moderate
Total
Percent Low/Mod
Owner
0 Renter
0 Total
0 0
0 0
0 Person
0 Annual Accomplishments
No data returned for this view. This might be because the applied filter excludes all data. 11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
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CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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453 - CDBG-CV Rental Assistance ProgramIDIS Activity:

Project: 0013 - CDBG-CV Public Services
PGM Year: 2020
Description:

Subsistence Payment (05Q)Matrix Code:

Sustainability
Provide decent affordable housingObjective:

Outcome:

Open
6650 Beach Blvd Buena Park, CA 90621-2905
National Objective: LMC
Status:

Location:

Rental assistance for low-income families at 80% or below of AMI that have been financially impacted by COVID-19 from job loss, reduction in work hours or layoff. 03/27/2021Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: Yes Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2020 B20MW060502 $480,044.56 $4,500.00 $375,703.85
$480,044.56 $4,500.00 $375,703.85
Proposed Accomplishments
People (General) : 275
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 9
13 22
White:

Black/African American:

Total:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Hispanic:

Owner
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Renter
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 Total
Total Hispanic Total
17 6
12 0
0 0
2 1
0 11
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0 0 49
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Female-headed Households: 0 0 0
Income Category:

Low Mod
Moderate
Extremely Low
Non Low Moderate
Total
Percent Low/Mod
Owner
0 0
0 0
0 Renter
0 0
0 0
0 Total
0 0
0 0
0 Person
16 13
15 0
44 100.0%
Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2020
2021
2022
2023
The COVID-19 Rental Assistance Program offers rental assistance for income eligible Buena Park residents that have been financially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The program offers a grant of up to $4,500 per household. During program year 2020-2021, 154 applications were received, 44 applications were approved, and 70 applications were denied. Out of the 154 applications received during the year, 40 were pending review/approval.

The COVID-19 Rental Assistance Program offers rental assistance for income eligible Buena Park residents that have been financially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The program offers a grant of up to $4,500 per household. During program year 2021-2022, the City received 30 new rental assistance applications. Throughout the year, 27 applications were approved, 35 were either denied or withdrawn by the applicant, and 7 of the new applications are currently under review. In total, the City has assisted 71 residents with rental assistance between fiscal year 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. As we stray further from the beginning of the pandemic, there is now less interest in the program but the City continues to advertise the program and accept applications. The Program will continue through program year 2022-2023.

During the first quarter, the City provided rental assistance to two (2) unduplicated residents and one (1) that was ongoing from the previous fiscal year. Two (2) residents received their full grant amount and one (1) continued to receive assistance into the second quarter. A total of $12,000 was granted during the first quarter. During the second quarter, four (4) residents received their full rental assistance grant amount. A total of $17,519 was granted during the second quarter. During the third quarter, the City provided rental assistance to two (2) unduplicated Buena Park residents. A total of $9,000 was granted during the third quarter. During the fourth quarter, the City provided rental assistance to two (2) unduplicated Buena Park residents. A total of $5,975 was granted for rental assistance during this quarter. All grantees provided the required documentation to show they had been negatively impacted by COVID-19. During fiscal year 2022-2023, a total of $44,494 was utilized to assist 10 Buena Park residents with rental assistance.

During the first quarter, the City provided rental assistance to one (1) resident that was ongoing from the previous fiscal year and counted in the 4th quarter of the previous FY. This resident received $3,000 during the first quarter, which completed their rental assistance. During the second quarter, four (4) residents received their full rental assistance grant amount. A total of $17,925 was granted during the second quarter. During the third quarter, the City provided rental assistance to one (1) unduplicated Buena Park resident. A total of $1,130 was granted during the third quarter. During the fourth quarter, the City continued providing rental assistance to the resident approved in the third quarter. A total of $2,260 was granted for rental assistance during this quarter. All grantees provided the required documentation to show they had been negatively impacted by COVID-19. During fiscal year 2023-2024, a total of $24,315 was utilized to assist 5 unduplicated Buena Park residents and 1 ongoing resident with rental assistance.
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
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Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 During the first quarter of FY 24-25, the City received 1 incomplete application for rental assistance. The applicant claimed to have a COVID-19 related impact to their income; however, they had no documentation to show that it was directly tied to the pandemic. Upon the applicant's request, staff emailed an employer verification to his employer to certify that his reduction of hours were due to COVID. Staff was waiting for their response before moving forward with the application.During the second quarter of FY 24-25, the City received several calls for rental assistance. None of the callers could provide documentation to show that their rental arrears were directly caused by COVID.

The applicant from the first quarter did not qualify for assistance because they had no clear COVID tie to their rental arrears. During the third quarter of FY 24-25, the City received 1 rental assistance application aside from several calls for rental assistance. Staff was processing one application during the 3rd quarter to determine their eligibility.During the 4th quarter, the City provided rental assistance to one renter that had a recent COVID-19 impact. The resident had covid and could not go to wor kfor a few weeks. This caused a decrease of income and difficulty to pay rent.Total assistance was $4,500.
11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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493 - Smith Murphy Park Accessibility ImprovementsIDIS Activity:

Project: 0013 - Smith Murphy Park & Carl Brenner Park ADA Improvements PGM Year: 2023
Description:

Parks, Recreational Facilities (03F)Matrix Code:

Availability/accessibility
Create suitable living environmentsObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 12/31/2024 12:00:00 AM
5290 Cameron Drive Buena Park, CA 90621
National Objective: LMA
Status:

Location:

The project include ADA compliant accessibility improvements to Smith Murphy Park, 5290 Cameron Drive, Buena Park, CA 90621.

The project is meant to enhance the The improvements including ADA compliant wheelchair ramps, accessible handicap parking, bi-level drinking fountains, ADA compliant picnic tables and benches, playground surface improvements, and improvements to the restroom interior fixtures.

These improvements would ensure that handicapped individuals and other residents in the low-income area can fully participate ad benefit from the park.

The project includes engineering and design costs as well as construction costs.

Activity is complete.
10/23/2023Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2021 B21MC060502 $304,720.00 $288,030.00 $304,720.00
$304,720.00 $288,030.00 $304,720.00
Proposed Accomplishments
Public Facilities : 1
Total Population in Service Area: 2,800
Census Tract Percent Low / Mod: 53.04
Annual Accomplishments
11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2023
2024
During the first quarter of FY 2023-2024, the City awarded Oldham Architects with $16,690 to provide plans for the Smith Murphy Park Accessibility Improvement projects. By the end of the first quarter, Oldham Architects submitted 90% plans to the City for review. The City paid Oldham Architects $15,021 during this quarter. During the second quarter, Oldham Architects provided 100% plans to the City along with the cost estimates. Public Works staff reviewed the plans and provided comments about the plans. During the 3rd quarter, Oldham Architects submitted revised plans and the City publicly advertised the bid solicitation for the project in February 2024. During the bid process, City staff notified the Building & Construction Trades Council and the Supplier Clearinghouse to reach out to Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) programs. The City publicly opened bids on March 28, 2024. Out of the six bids received, the lowest bidder greatly exceeded the project budget.

During the 4th quarter, the City consulted with Oldham Architects to re-evaluate the project's work scope to fit within the project budget. The engineer's new estimate was $780,000 for 2 parks. The City paid Oldham Architects $1,669 during the 4th quarter as a final payment for the completed plans. On May 13, 2024, the project was publicly advertised for bids. On May 29, 2024, three bids were received and publicly opened. The construction of this project was awarded to Aguilar & Calderon Corporation in the amount of $778,611.66 at the City Council meeting on June 11, 2024. On June 26, 2024, a pre-construction meeting was held between City staff and Aguilar & Calderon to discuss City requirements and federal requirements for the project including Davis Bacon prevailing wage and Section 3. The projects was set to start construction on July 15, 2024 and be completed by September 2024.

During the first quarter of FY 24-25, Aguilar & Calderon began construction at Smith Murphy park. The City issued the Notice to Proceed on July 15, 2024. The improvements for Smith Murphy Park included ADA modifications to concrete pathways, restrooms, parking areas, installing new ADA accessible picnic tables, ADA accessible bi-level drinking fountains, and improvements to the playground surfacing. Due to extended lead times for bathroom fixtures, the contract working days for bathroom related improvements were extended. By the end of the 1st quarter, all work was finished except for the installation of bathroom fixtures and issues with the urinals, which resulted from a manufacturing error. Two invoices from Aguilar & Calderon for $131,870.37 and $151,468.49 were processed and paid this quarter for construction services. During the first quarter, City staff conducted onsite employee interviews on various days in compliance with the Office of Davis-Bacon and Labor Standards.

There were no findings resulting from the interviews. Additionally, the Solis Group performed Community Workforce Agreement services and labor compliance monitoring and found no concerns.

During the second quarter, $122,895.10 was paid to Aguilar & Calderon for construction services. The Project was complete on October 28, 2024, and the retention payment was released in the amount of $21,380.76 on December 18, 2024 after the City conducted a final walkthrough of the project. The total project cost, including $16,690 of engineering costs, was $444,304.71 of which $304,720 was funded by CDBG. Project is complete.
11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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494 - Carl Brenner Park Accessibility ImprovementsIDIS Activity:

Project: 0013 - Smith Murphy Park & Carl Brenner Park ADA Improvements PGM Year: 2023
Description:

Parks, Recreational Facilities (03F)Matrix Code:

Availability/accessibility
Create suitable living environmentsObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 12/31/2024 12:00:00 AM
7401 Ridgeway Dr 7373 San Rafael Drive Buena Park, CA
90620-1418 National Objective: LMA
Status:

Location:

The project includes ADA compliant accessibility improvements to existing park facilities and structures at Carl Brenner Park, 7373 San Rafael Drive, Buena Park, CA 90620.

These improvements would ensure that handicapped individuals and other residents in the low-income area can fully participate ad benefit from the park.

The project includes engineering and design costs as well as construction costs.

Activity is complete
10/23/2023Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2021 B21MC060502 $304,720.00 $288,030.00 $304,720.00
$304,720.00 $288,030.00 $304,720.00
Proposed Accomplishments
Public Facilities : 1
Total Population in Service Area: 1,420
Census Tract Percent Low / Mod: 51.76
Annual Accomplishments
11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
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Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2023
2024
During the first quarter of FY 2023-2024, the City awarded Oldham Architects with $16,690 to provide plans for the Carl Brenner Park Accessibility Improvement projects. By the end of the first quarter, Oldham Architects submitted 90% plans to the City for review. The City paid Oldham Architects $15,021 during this quarter. During the second quarter, Oldham Architects provided 100% plans to the City along with the cost estimates. Public Works staff reviewed the plans and provided comments about the plans. During the 3rd quarter, Oldham Architects submitted revised plans and the City publicly advertised the bid solicitation for the project in February 2024. During the bid process, City staff notified the Building & Construction Trades Council and the Supplier Clearinghouse to reach out to Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) programs. The City publicly opened bids on March 28, 2024. Out of the six bids received, the lowest bidder greatly exceeded the project budget.

During the first quarter of FY 24-25, Aguilar & Calderon began construction at Carl Brenner Park. The City issued the Notice to Proceed on July 15, 2024. The improvements for Carl Brenner Park included ADA modifications to concrete pathways, restrooms, parking areas, installing new ADA accessible picnic tables, ADA accessible bi-level drinking fountains, and improvements to the playground surfacing. Due to extended lead times for bathroom fixtures, the contract working days for bathroom related improvements were extended. By the end of the 1st quarter, all work was finished except for the installation of bathroom fixtures and issues with the urinals, which resulted from a manufacturing error. Two invoices from Aguilar & Calderon for $149,225.12 and $104,296.96 were processed and paid this quarter for construction services. During the first quarter, City staff conducted onsite employee interviews on various days in compliance with the Office of Davis-Bacon and Labor Standards.

There were no findings resulting from the interviews. Additionally, the Solis Group performed Community Workforce Agreement services and labor compliance monitoring and found no concerns.

During the second quarter, $139,978.46 was paid to Aguilar & Calderon for construction services. The Project was complete on October 28, 2024, and the retention payment was released in the amount of $20,710.57 on December 18, 2024 after the City conducted a final walkthrough of the project. The total project cost, including $16,690 in engineering costs, was $430,901.11 of which $304,720 was funded through CDBG.

Project is complete.
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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495 - CDBG Program AdministrationIDIS Activity:

Project: 0001 - CDBG Program Administration
PGM Year: 2024
Description:

General Program Administration (21A)Matrix Code:

Objective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
,
National Objective:

Status:

Location:

The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program is administered by the City's Community & Economic Development Department.

City staff conduct CDBG program oversight and planning to ensure compliance with the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).

CDBG Program administration includes grant sub-recipient management and monitoring, preparation of annual plans and reports, preparation of the annual CDBG budget, conducting public meetings, preparing public notices, preparing agenda reports, budget monitoring, attending HUD meetings and trainings, and more.

Activity for program year 2024-2025 is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
PI
Total
2024 B24MC060502 $125,232.07 $125,232.07 $125,232.07
$6,084.54 $6,084.54 $6,084.54
$131,316.61 $131,316.61 $131,316.61
Proposed Accomplishments
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Owner
Total Hispanic
Renter
Total Hispanic
Total
Total Hispanic Total
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
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Office of Community Planning and Development
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CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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0Total:

Hispanic:
0 0 0 0
0 0
0 0 0
Female-headed Households: 0
Income Category:

Time:

Page:

Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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496 - Fair Housing ServicesIDIS Activity:

Project: 0002 - Fair Housing Services
PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Fair Housing Activities (subject to
20% Admin Cap) (21D)
Matrix Code:

Objective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
,
National Objective:

Status:

Location:

Fair Housing Foundation administers fair housing services for the City of Buena Park.

They provide outreach, education, and legal counseling to address and eliminate impediments to fair housing.

CDBG funds are used to reimburse staff salaries, communication expenses, leasing expenses, insurance expenses, and transportation expenses.

Throughout program year 2024-2025, Fair Housing Foundation provided fair housing counseling and services to 130 unduplicated Buena Park residents.

Activity is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
PI
Total
2024 B24MC060502 $13,105.56 $13,105.56 $13,105.56
$2,384.44 $2,384.44 $2,384.44
$15,490.00 $15,490.00 $15,490.00
Proposed Accomplishments
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Owner
Total Hispanic
Renter
Total Hispanic
Total
Total Hispanic Total
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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0Total:

Hispanic:
0 0 0 0
0 0
0 0 0
Female-headed Households: 0
Income Category:

Time:

Page:

Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

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497 - Residential Rehabilitation Loan ProgramIDIS Activity:

Project: 0003 - Residential Rehabilitation Loan Program PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Rehab; Single-Unit Residential (14A)Matrix Code:

Affordability
Provide decent affordable housingObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
5780 Los Pacos St Buena Park, CA 90620-3441
National Objective: LMH
Status:

Location:

The Residential Rehabilitation Program offers deferred loans at 1% interest to low- and moderate-income residents to rehabilitate their home and make necessary repairs to comply with local and State health and safety regulations.

Additionally, the Senior Code Enforcement Relief Program (SCERP), which is an extension of the Residential Rehabilitation Program, provides forgivable loans of $15,000 at zero percent (0%) interest to low-income seniors to rectify outstanding code violations.

Funding is used for construction costs and lead reduction activities.

Activity is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
PI
Total
2023
2024
B23MC060502
B24MC060502
$35,942.55 $35,942.55 $35,942.55
$93,414.45 $93,414.45 $93,414.45
$26,773.00 $26,773.00 $26,773.00
$156,130.00 $156,130.00 $156,130.00
Proposed Accomplishments
Housing Units : 10
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

Owner
Total Hispanic
5 2
0 0
2 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Renter
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Total
Total Hispanic Total
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
5 0
2 0
1 0
0 0
2 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
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Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
Page:PR03 - BUENA PARK 15 of 30
0 0
0 0
0 0Total:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Hispanic:
9 3
0 0
1 1
0 0
0 0
0 0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 1
0 0
9 3 0
Female-headed Households: 0 0 0
Income Category:

Low Mod
Moderate
Extremely Low
Non Low Moderate
Total
Percent Low/Mod
Owner
1 1
7 0
9 100.0%
Renter
0 0
0 0
0 Total
1 1
7 0
9 100.0%
Person
0 0
0 0
0 Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 During the first quarter, the Program provided lead testing to one low-income household. Program staff were also reviewing 2 new applications to certify income qualification for the program. Program administration consisted of application reviewing, property site visits, loan servicing through annual affidavits of occupancy, budget monitoring, and providing senior outreach at the City's senior center to inform them about the program. During the second quarter of the program the City assisted 2 low-income household with lead testing and abatement. Program staff continued to process 2 applications to verify their eligiblity for the program. Program administration consisted of application reviewing, property site visits, loan servicing through annual affidavits of occupancy, budget monitoring, and providing senior outreach at the City's senior center to inform them about the program. During the third quarter, the City assisted one low-income household with lead abatement and clearance testing. During the 4th quarter, the City assisted 5 households through the Residential Rehabilitation Program. One project consisted of a new roof, restucco, exterior paint, new windows, plumbing repipe, and a new fire door. Another project included rennovations to 2 bathrooms such as new vanities, plumbing repairs, light fixtures, shower valves and fixtures, shower tile replacement, install grab bars, new flooring, and medicine cabinets. In addition to these projects, the City also performed lead abatement/clearance at 2 other properties and lead testing at another. 11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
Page:PR03 - BUENA PARK 16 of 30
498 - Residential Rehabilitation Program AdministrationIDIS Activity:

Project: 0004 - Residential Rehabilitation Program Administration PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Rehabilitation Administration (14H)Matrix Code:

Affordability
Provide decent affordable housingObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
6650 Beach Blvd Buena Park, CA 90621-2905
National Objective: LMH
Status:

Location:

Residential Rehabilitation Program administration includes managing the program waitlist, program marketing, providing program application guidance, income-qualifying homeowners, preparing construction work specifications, construction management, contract management, loan servicing, and related reporting.

CDBG funds are used to reimburse staff salaries and benefits, consultant fees, program supplies, and other maintenance and operation costs.

Activity for program year 2024-2025 is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
PI
Total
2023 B23MC060502 $148,327.98 $148,327.98 $148,327.98
$66,490.02 $66,490.02 $66,490.02
$214,818.00 $214,818.00 $214,818.00
Proposed Accomplishments
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Owner
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Renter
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Total
Total Hispanic Total
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
Page:PR03 - BUENA PARK 17 of 30
0 0
0Total:

Hispanic:
0 0
0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
Female-headed Households: 0 0 0
Income Category:

Low Mod
Moderate
Extremely Low
Non Low Moderate
Total
Percent Low/Mod
Owner
0 0
0 0
0 Renter
0 0
0 0
0 Total
0 0
0 0
0 Person
0 0
0 0
0 Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 Accomplishments are reported in IDIS Activity # 497. Administration activity complete for program year 2024-2025. 11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
Page:PR03 - BUENA PARK 18 of 30
499 - Graffiti Removal ProgramIDIS Activity:

Project: 0006 - Graffiti Removal
PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Other Public Services Not Listed in
05A-05Y, 03T (05Z)
Matrix Code:

Availability/accessibility
Create suitable living environmentsObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
6955 Aragon Cir Buena Park, CA 90620-1118
National Objective: LMA
Status:

Location:

The Graffiti Removal Program proactively and reactively responds to graffiti incidents within the City's CDBG eligible census tracts.

Its purpose is to provide a suitable living environment for Buena Park residents by removing graffiti in residential and commercial areas.

CDBG funds are used to reimburse a portion of staff salaries and benefits.

Activity is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2023 B23MC060502 $17,190.00 $17,190.00 $17,190.00
$17,190.00 $17,190.00 $17,190.00
Proposed Accomplishments
People (General) : 2,000
Total Population in Service Area: 57,785
Census Tract Percent Low / Mod: 70.34
Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 During the first quarter of FY 24-25, the Graffiti Removal Program removed 571 instances of graffiti within the City's low income census tracts.

During the second quarter, the Graffiti Removal Program removed 685 instances of graffiti. During the third quarter, program staff removed 696 instances of graffiti. In the fourth quarter, they removed 576 instances of graffiti. In total, the Graffiti Removal Program crew removed 2,528 instances of graffiti within the City's low-income census tracts. Activity is complete. 11-Sep-2025
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
Page:PR03 - BUENA PARK 19 of 30
500 - Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement ProgramIDIS Activity:

Project: 0005 - Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Code Enforcement (15)Matrix Code:

Sustainability
Create suitable living environmentsObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
6650 Beach Blvd Buena Park, CA 90621-2905
National Objective: LMA
Status:

Location:

The Neighborhood ImprovementCode Enforcement Program identifies and responds to building and safety issues in residential and commercial areas to protect residents from living in substandard and unsafe conditions.

Code Enforcement Officers work with resident to rectify code violations through verbal and written communication, site visits, and by referring them to the City's Residential Rehabilitation Program .

The program is limited to eligible low-income Census tracts that are at least 51% low income.

CDBG funds are used to reimburse a portion of staff salaries and benefits for the Program staff.

Activity is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: Yes Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2023 B23MC060502 $189,297.70 $189,297.70 $189,297.70
$189,297.70 $189,297.70 $189,297.70
Proposed Accomplishments
Housing Units : 850
Total Population in Service Area: 57,785
Census Tract Percent Low / Mod: 70.34
Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 In the first quarter, the Code enforcement program opened 225 cases. In the second quarter, 89 new cases were opened. In the third quarter, 126 new cases were opened. In the fourth quarter, 166 cases were opened for outstanding code violations. In total, 606 new cases were opened by Code enforcement officers within the City's low-income census tracts during program year 2024-2025. Four Hundred code violation cases were closed during the program year; however, some of the cases that were closed were from previous reporting years. One housing unit was assisted by the Residential Rehabilitation Program to remove their code violations. Activity is complete. 11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
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501 - Senior Transportation ProgramIDIS Activity:

Project: 0007 - Senior Transportation Program
PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Senior Services (05A)Matrix Code:

Availability/accessibility
Create suitable living environmentsObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
8150 Knott Ave Buena Park, CA 90620-3159
National Objective: LMC
Status:

Location:

The Senior Transportation Program provides senior Buena Park residents with transportation to non-emergency medical appointments, pharmacies, grocery stores, and the Buena Park Senior Center to participate in their many programs and activities.

CDBG funds are used for part-time driver's salaries and benefits and cell phone expenses.

Activity is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2023 B23MC060502 $26,487.26 $26,487.26 $26,487.26
$26,487.26 $26,487.26 $26,487.26
Proposed Accomplishments
People (General) : 350
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
82White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Owner
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Renter
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Total
Total Hispanic Total
231
13 93
0 10
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
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Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
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0 0
82Total:

Hispanic:
0 0
0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 347
Female-headed Households: 0 0 0
Income Category:

Low Mod
Moderate
Extremely Low
Non Low Moderate
Total
Percent Low/Mod
Owner
0 0
0 0
0 Renter
0 0
0 0
0 Total
0 0
0 0
0 Person
347
0 0
0 347
100.0%
Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 In the first quarter, the Senior Transportation Program assisted 109 unduplicated Buena Park low-income residents with low-cost bus rides to medical and health related appointments. In the second quarter, the program assisted 90 clients. In the third quarter, the program provided services to 61 residents. In the fourth quarter, the Program provided transportation services to 87 clients. In total, the Program assisted 347 clients throughout the year. Activity is complete.
11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
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502 - Boys & Girls ClubIDIS Activity:

Project: 0008 - Boys and Girls Club of Buena Park
PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Youth Services (05D)Matrix Code:

Affordability
Create suitable living environmentsObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
7758 Knott Ave Buena Park, CA 90620-2420
National Objective: LMC
Status:

Location:

Boys & Girls Club's purpose is to improve the quality of life of Buena Park's youth through a variety of social and recreational programs addressing character and leadership development, the arts, education, career development, health and life skills, sports, fitness, and recreation.

In addition to these services, the program also provides free dental treatments to children who qualify.

CDBG funds are used to reimburse utility costs including electricity, phone, and the internet.

Activity is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2023 B23MC060502 $10,000.00 $10,000.00 $10,000.00
$10,000.00 $10,000.00 $10,000.00
Proposed Accomplishments
People (General) : 1,080
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 242White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Owner
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Renter
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Total
Total Hispanic Total
367
65 239
5 28
1 17
3 2
830
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
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Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
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0 0
0 242Total:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Hispanic:
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0 0
0 0
0 00
0 0
0 0 0 1,557
Female-headed Households: 0 0 0
Income Category:

Low Mod
Moderate
Extremely Low
Non Low Moderate
Total
Percent Low/Mod
Owner
0 0
0 0
0 Renter
0 0
0 0
0 Total
0 0
0 0
0 Person
295
534
572
156
1,557

90.0%
Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 The Boys and Girls Club of Buena Park provides low-cost enrichment programs for children ages 4-18. In the first quarter, the Boys & Girls Club provided youth services to 549 unduplicated Buena Park residents. In the second quarter, they assisted 255 youth residents. In the third quarter, they assisted 600 unduplicated Buena Park youth residents. In the fourth quarter they provided services to 153 youth residents. In total, the Boys & Girls Club provided youth services to 1,557 youth within the Buena Park community. Activity is complete. 11-Sep-2025
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
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503 - Homeless Outreach ProgramIDIS Activity:

Project: 0009 - Homeless Outreach Program (City of Buena Park) PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Other Public Services Not Listed in
05A-05Y, 03T (05Z)
Matrix Code:

Availability/accessibility
Create suitable living environmentsObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
8150 Knott Ave Buena Park, CA 90620-3159
National Objective: LMC
Status:

Location:

The Homeless Outreach Program provides services to unhoused individuals living in the City of Buena Park.

Its purpose is to make it more accessible for homeless individuals in a suitable living environment.

CDBG funds are used for emergency shelter costs, relocation expenses, transitional program fees, emergency supplies, and local transportation for homeless individuals.

Funds may also be used for staff training on best practices for delivering homeless services.

Activity is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2022
2023
B22MC060502
B23MC060502
$3,094.63 $3,094.63 $3,094.63
$16,905.37 $16,905.37 $16,905.37
$20,000.00 $20,000.00 $20,000.00
Proposed Accomplishments
People (General) : 200
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 105White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Owner
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Renter
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Total
Total Hispanic Total
184
34 8
0 0
0 0
0 0
8 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
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0 0
0 105Total:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Hispanic:
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0 0
0 0
0 00
0 0
0 0 0 234
Female-headed Households: 0 0 0
Income Category:

Low Mod
Moderate
Extremely Low
Non Low Moderate
Total
Percent Low/Mod
Owner
0 0
0 0
0 Renter
0 0
0 0
0 Total
0 0
0 0
0 Person
234
0 0
0 234
100.0%
Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 The Homeless Outreach Program provides temporary assistance to individuals that are experiencing homelessness. They provide emergency supplies such as clothing, food, hygiene products, and temporary motel stays among other services. In the first quarter they assisted 118 unduplicated clients. In the second quarter they assisted 34 clients. In the third quarter they provided services to 47 clients. In the fourth quarter, they assisted 35 clients. In total, the Homeless Outreach Program assisted 234 unduplicated clients during program year 2024-2025. Activity is complete.
11-Sep-2025
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
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504 - Mercy House (Navigation Center)IDIS Activity:

Project: 0010 - Mercy House Living Centers (Navigation Center) PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Operating Costs of Homeless/AIDS
Patients Programs (03T)
Matrix Code:

Availability/accessibility
Create suitable living environmentsObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
6494 Caballero Blvd Buena Park, CA 90620-1128
National Objective: LMC
Status:

Location:

Mercy House Living Centers administers the homeless services provided at the Buena Park Navigation Center.

The Program provides year-round shelter, hygiene facilities, meals, and intensive supportive services to homeless adults.

Services include housing navigation, enrichment activities, health care resources, drug and alcohol treatment referrals, employment placement referrals, and much more.

CDBG funds are used to reimburse a portion of the cost to provide security guards for the facility.

Activity is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2022 B22MC060502 $27,620.00 $27,620.00 $27,620.00
$27,620.00 $27,620.00 $27,620.00
Proposed Accomplishments
People (General) : 130
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
0 0
9 2
0 0
0 1
0 74White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Owner
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Renter
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Total
Total Hispanic Total
157
25 7
15 4
2 1
1 0
3 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 11-Sep-2025
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
Page:PR03 - BUENA PARK 27 of 30
0 0
0 86Total:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Hispanic:
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0 0
0 0
0 00
0 0
0 0 0 215
Female-headed Households: 0 0 0
Income Category:

Low Mod
Moderate
Extremely Low
Non Low Moderate
Total
Percent Low/Mod
Owner
0 0
0 0
0 Renter
0 0
0 0
0 Total
0 0
0 0
0 Person
215
0 0
0 215
100.0%
Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 Mercy House assists homeless individuals with overnight stay at their year-round shelter. They provide meals and social programs that are meant to guide them out of homelessness and transition to more permanent housing. In the first quarter Mercy House assisted 116 homeless clients who were referred by the City or had a previous address in the City of Buena Park. In the second quarter, Mercy House assisted 37 clients. In the third quarter, they provided assistance to 31 clients. In the fourth quarter, Mercy house provided services to 31 homeless individuals. In total, Mercy House assisted 215 Buena Park clients. Activity is complete. 11-Sep-2025
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
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Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
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505 - Friendly Center (Community Resource Center)IDIS Activity:

Project: 0011 - Friendly Center
PGM Year: 2024
Description:

Other Public Services Not Listed in
05A-05Y, 03T (05Z)
Matrix Code:

Availability/accessibility
Create suitable living environmentsObjective:

Outcome:

Completed 6/30/2025 12:00:00 AM
6688 Beach Blvd Buena Park, CA 90621-2905
National Objective: LMC
Status:

Location:

Friendly Center offers free resources and support to low income residents.

They offer stability programs, which encompass food distribution, case managements, mental health counseling, utility and rental assistance, and other referral services.

Additionally, they offer skill building programs such as after-school tutoring, job development assistance, and financial literacy workshops.

CDBG funding is used for a portion of on-site staff salaries and benefits.

Activity is complete.
11/20/2024Initial Funding Date:

Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus: No Financing
Fund Type Grant Year Grant Funded Amount Drawn In Program Year Drawn Thru Program Year Total

CDBG EN
Total
2020
2022
B20MC060502
B22MC060502
$1,521.34 $1,521.34 $1,521.34
$12,158.66 $12,158.66 $12,158.66
$13,680.00 $13,680.00 $13,680.00
Proposed Accomplishments
People (General) : 618
Number assisted:

Actual Accomplishments
Person
Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 366White:

Black/African American:

Asian:

American Indian/Alaskan Native:

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & White:

Asian White:

Black/African American & White:

American Indian/Alaskan Native & Black/African American:

Other multi-racial:

Owner
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Renter
Total Hispanic
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Total
Total Hispanic Total
409
0 29
0 1
0 0
0 0
3 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 11-Sep-2025
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
17:12
29 Date:

Time:

Page:

Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
Page:PR03 - BUENA PARK 29 of 30
0 0
0 366Total:

Asian/Pacific Islander:

Hispanic:
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0 0
0 0
0 00
0 0
0 0 0 442
Female-headed Households: 0 0 0
Income Category:

Low Mod
Moderate
Extremely Low
Non Low Moderate
Total
Percent Low/Mod
Owner
0 0
0 0
0 Renter
0 0
0 0
0 Total
0 0
0 0
0 Person
441
1 0
0 442
100.0%
Annual Accomplishments
Years Accomplishment Narrative # Benefitting
2024 In the first quarter, the Friendly Center assisted 223 unduplicated Buena Park residents with emergency rental assistance, food distribution, and other social service referrals. During the second quarter, Friendly Center assisted 21 unduplicated Buena Park residents. In the third quarter they assisted 129 Buena Park residents. In the 4th quarter, Friendly Center provided services to 69 Buena Park residents. In total, Friendly Center assisted a total of 442 low income Buena Park residents. Activity is complete. 11-Sep-2025
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
17:12
30 Date:

Time:

Page:

Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) for Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK
Page:PR03 - BUENA PARK 30 of 30
$9,772,011.68
$1,402,589.57
$9,667,670.97
Total Funded Amount:

Total Drawn In Program Year:

Total Drawn Thru Program Year:

PR26 - CDBG Financial Summary Report
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
DATE:

TIME:

PAGE: 1
12:28
09-15-25
Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK , CA
Metrics
Grantee
Program Year
PART I: SUMMARY OF CDBG RESOURCES
01 UNEXPENDED CDBG FUNDS AT END OF PREVIOUS PROGRAM YEAR 02 ENTITLEMENT GRANT
03 SURPLUS URBAN RENEWAL
04 SECTION 108 GUARANTEED LOAN FUNDS
05 CURRENT YEAR PROGRAM INCOME
05a CURRENT YEAR SECTION 108 PROGRAM INCOME (FOR SI TYPE) 06 FUNDS RETURNED TO THE LINE-OF-CREDIT
06a FUNDS RETURNED TO THE LOCAL CDBG ACCOUNT
07 ADJUSTMENT TO COMPUTE TOTAL AVAILABLE
08 TOTAL AVAILABLE (SUM, LINES 01-07)
PART II: SUMMARY OF CDBG EXPENDITURES
09 DISBURSEMENTS OTHER THAN SECTION 108 REPAYMENTS AND PLANNING/ADMINISTRATION 10 ADJUSTMENT TO COMPUTE TOTAL AMOUNT SUBJECT TO LOW/MOD BENEFIT 11 AMOUNT SUBJECT TO LOW/MOD BENEFIT (LINE 09 + LINE 10) 12 DISBURSED IN IDIS FOR PLANNING/ADMINISTRATION
13 DISBURSED IN IDIS FOR SECTION 108 REPAYMENTS
14 ADJUSTMENT TO COMPUTE TOTAL EXPENDITURES
15 TOTAL EXPENDITURES (SUM, LINES 11-14)
16 UNEXPENDED BALANCE (LINE 08 - LINE 15)
PART III: LOWMOD BENEFIT THIS REPORTING PERIOD
17 EXPENDED FOR LOW/MOD HOUSING IN SPECIAL AREAS
18 EXPENDED FOR LOW/MOD MULTI-UNIT HOUSING
19 DISBURSED FOR OTHER LOW/MOD ACTIVITIES
20 ADJUSTMENT TO COMPUTE TOTAL LOW/MOD CREDIT
21 TOTAL LOW/MOD CREDIT (SUM, LINES 17-20)
22 PERCENT LOW/MOD CREDIT (LINE 21/LINE 11)

LOW/MOD BENEFIT FOR MULTI-YEAR CERTIFICATIONS
23 PROGRAM YEARS(PY) COVERED IN CERTIFICATION
24 CUMULATIVE NET EXPENDITURES SUBJECT TO LOW/MOD BENEFIT CALCULATION 25 CUMULATIVE EXPENDITURES BENEFITING LOW/MOD PERSONS
26 PERCENT BENEFIT TO LOW/MOD PERSONS (LINE 25/LINE 24) PART IV: PUBLIC SERVICE (PS) CAP CALCULATIONS
27 DISBURSED IN IDIS FOR PUBLIC SERVICES
28 PS UNLIQUIDATED OBLIGATIONS AT END OF CURRENT PROGRAM YEAR 29 PS UNLIQUIDATED OBLIGATIONS AT END OF PREVIOUS PROGRAM YEAR 30 ADJUSTMENT TO COMPUTE TOTAL PS OBLIGATIONS
31 TOTAL PS OBLIGATIONS (LINE 27 + LINE 28 - LINE 29 + LINE 30) 32 ENTITLEMENT GRANT
33 PRIOR YEAR PROGRAM INCOME
34 ADJUSTMENT TO COMPUTE TOTAL SUBJECT TO PS CAP
35 TOTAL SUBJECT TO PS CAP (SUM, LINES 32-34)
36 PERCENT FUNDS OBLIGATED FOR PS ACTIVITIES (LINE 31/LINE 35) PART V: PLANNING AND ADMINISTRATION (PA) CAP
37 DISBURSED IN IDIS FOR PLANNING/ADMINISTRATION
38 PA UNLIQUIDATED OBLIGATIONS AT END OF CURRENT PROGRAM YEAR 39 PA UNLIQUIDATED OBLIGATIONS AT END OF PREVIOUS PROGRAM YEAR 40 ADJUSTMENT TO COMPUTE TOTAL PA OBLIGATIONS
41 TOTAL PA OBLIGATIONS (LINE 37 + LINE 38 - LINE 39 +LINE 40) 42 ENTITLEMENT GRANT
43 CURRENT YEAR PROGRAM INCOME
44 ADJUSTMENT TO COMPUTE TOTAL SUBJECT TO PA CAP
45 TOTAL SUBJECT TO PA CAP (SUM, LINES 42-44)
46 PERCENT FUNDS OBLIGATED FOR PA ACTIVITIES (LINE 41/LINE 45)

BUENA PARK , CA
2,024.00
1,189,428.55
774,071.00

0.00 0.00
101,732.00

0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00
2,065,231.55
1,251,282.96

0.00 1,251,282.96
146,806.61

0.00 0.00
1,398,089.57
667,141.98

0.00 0.00
1,251,282.96

0.00 1,251,282.96
100.00%
PY: PY: PY:

0.00 0.00

0.00%
114,977.26

0.00 0.00

0.00 114,977.26
774,071.00
57,632.74

0.00 831,703.74

13.82%
146,806.61

0.00 0.00

0.00 146,806.61
774,071.00
101,732.00

0.00 875,803.00

16.76%
Attachment 5
PR26 - CDBG Financial Summary Report
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
DATE:

TIME:

PAGE: 2
12:28
09-15-25
Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK , CA
LINE 17 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES TO CONSIDER IN DETERMINING THE AMOUNT TO ENTER ON LINE 17 No data returned for this view. This might be because the applied filter excludes all data.

LINE 18 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES TO CONSIDER IN DETERMINING THE AMOUNT TO ENTER ON LINE 18 No data returned for this view. This might be because the applied filter excludes all data.

LINE 19 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES INCLUDED IN THE COMPUTATION OF LINE 19 Plan
Year
IDIS
Project
IDIS
Activity
Voucher
Number Activity Name Matrix
Code
National
Objective Drawn Amount
2023
2023
2023
2023
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
13 13
13 13
10 10
10 10
7 7
7 7
7 7
7 7
8 8
8 8
6 6
6 6
6 6
9 9
9 9
9 9
9 9
11 11
11 3
3 3
3 3
3 493
493
494
494
504
504
504
504
501
501
501
501
501
501
501
501
502
502
502
502
499
499
499
499
499
499
503
503
503
503
503
503
503
503
505
505
505
497
497
497
497
497
497
6954297
6982600
6954297
6982600
6966857
6988541
7018730
7057311
6966857
6971114
6982600
6988541
7003960
7018730
7040298
7057311
6966857
6988541
7040298
7057311
6966857
6971114
6982600
6988541
7003960
7018730
6966857
6971114
6982600
6988541
7003960
7018730
7040298
7057311
6966857
6988541
7018730
6966857
6971114
7003960
7018730
7040298
7057311
Smith Murphy Park Accessibility Improvements
Smith Murphy Park Accessibility Improvements
Carl Brenner Park Accessibility Improvements
Carl Brenner Park Accessibility Improvements
Mercy House (Navigation Center)
Mercy House (Navigation Center)
Mercy House (Navigation Center)
Mercy House (Navigation Center)
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Boys & Girls Club
Boys & Girls Club
Boys & Girls Club
Boys & Girls Club
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Friendly Center (Community Resource Center)
Friendly Center (Community Resource Center)
Friendly Center (Community Resource Center)
Residential Rehabilitation Loan Program
Residential Rehabilitation Loan Program
Residential Rehabilitation Loan Program
Residential Rehabilitation Loan Program
Residential Rehabilitation Loan Program
Residential Rehabilitation Loan Program
03F
03F
03F
03F
03F
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05D
05D
05D
05D
05D
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
14A
14A
14A
14A
14A
14A
14A
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
Matrix Code 03F
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
Matrix Code 03T
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
Matrix Code 05A
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
Matrix Code 05D
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
Matrix Code 05Z
LMH
LMH
LMH
LMH
LMH
LMH
Matrix Code 14A
$283,338.85
$4,691.15
$253,522.08
$34,507.92
$576,060.00
$6,905.00
$6,905.00
$6,905.00
$6,905.00
$27,620.00
$8,350.72
$2,780.96
$2,395.18
$1,144.01
$2,115.93
$4,150.80
$2,977.69
$2,571.97
$26,487.26
$3,773.79
$2,282.48
$3,580.17
$363.56
$10,000.00
$6,425.78
$2,045.56
$2,836.31
$1,086.24
$1,772.33
$3,023.78
$1,683.54
$864.37
$297.39
$217.49
$461.26
$9,212.28
$265.44
$6,998.23
$5,009.82
$5,312.03
$3,358.15
$50,870.00
$5,125.00
$935.00
$325.00
$21,648.00
$29,665.00
$98,432.00
$156,130.00
PR26 - CDBG Financial Summary Report
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
DATE:

TIME:

PAGE: 3
12:28
09-15-25
Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK , CA
Plan
Year
IDIS
Project
IDIS
Activity
Voucher
Number Activity Name Matrix
Code
National
Objective Drawn Amount
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
Total
4 4
4 4
4 4
4 4
5 5
5 5
5 5
5 5
498
498
498
498
498
498
498
498
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
6966857
6971114
6982600
6988541
7003960
7018730
7040298
7057311
6966857
6971114
6982600
6988541
7003960
7018730
7040298
7057311
Residential Rehabilitation Program Administration
Residential Rehabilitation Program Administration
Residential Rehabilitation Program Administration
Residential Rehabilitation Program Administration
Residential Rehabilitation Program Administration
Residential Rehabilitation Program Administration
Residential Rehabilitation Program Administration
Residential Rehabilitation Program Administration
Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement Program
Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement Program
Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement Program
Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement Program
Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement Program
Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement Program
Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement Program
Neighborhood Improvement/Code Enforcement Program
14H
14H
14H
14H
14H
14H
14H
14H
14H
15 15
15 15
15 15
15 15
15 LMH
LMH
LMH
LMH
LMH
LMH
LMH
LMH
Matrix Code 14H
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
Matrix Code 15
$53,636.47
$23,947.54
$18,199.87
$15,844.89
$19,542.60
$37,338.02
$26,692.90
$19,615.71
$214,818.00
$67,270.69
$25,866.93
$14,897.57
$11,627.83
$11,830.80
$22,587.65
$19,389.51
$15,826.72
$189,297.70
$1,251,282.96
LINE 27 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES INCLUDED IN THE COMPUTATION OF LINE 27 Plan
Year
IDIS
Project
IDIS
Activity
Voucher
Number
Activity to
prevent,
prepare for,
and respond
to
Coronavirus
Activity Name Grant Number Fund
Type
Matrix
Code
National
Objective
Drawn Amount
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
Total
10 10
10 10
7 7
7 7
7 7
7 7
8 8
8 8
6 6
6 6
6 6
9 9
9 9
9 9
9 9
9 11
11 11
11 504
504
504
504
501
501
501
501
501
501
501
501
502
502
502
502
499
499
499
499
499
499
503
503
503
503
503
503
503
503
503
505
505
505
505
6966857
6988541
7018730
7057311
6966857
6971114
6982600
6988541
7003960
7018730
7040298
7057311
6966857
6988541
7040298
7057311
6966857
6971114
6982600
6988541
7003960
7018730
6966857
6971114
6982600
6988541
7003960
7003960
7018730
7040298
7057311
6966857
6966857
6988541
7018730
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Mercy House (Navigation Center)
Mercy House (Navigation Center)
Mercy House (Navigation Center)
Mercy House (Navigation Center)
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Senior Transportation Program
Boys & Girls Club
Boys & Girls Club
Boys & Girls Club
Boys & Girls Club
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Graffiti Removal Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Homeless Outreach Program
Friendly Center (Community Resource Center)
Friendly Center (Community Resource Center)
Friendly Center (Community Resource Center)
Friendly Center (Community Resource Center)
Activity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to Coronavirus B22MC060502
B22MC060502
B22MC060502
B22MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B22MC060502
B22MC060502
B22MC060502
B22MC060502
B22MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B23MC060502
B20MC060502
B22MC060502
B22MC060502
B22MC060502
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05A
05D
05D
05D
05D
05D
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
05Z
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
Matrix Code 03T
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
Matrix Code 05A
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
Matrix Code 05D
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMA
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
Matrix Code 05Z
$6,905.00
$6,905.00
$6,905.00
$6,905.00
$27,620.00
$8,350.72
$2,780.96
$2,395.18
$1,144.01
$2,115.93
$4,150.80
$2,977.69
$2,571.97
$26,487.26
$3,773.79
$2,282.48
$3,580.17
$363.56
$10,000.00
$6,425.78
$2,045.56
$2,836.31
$1,086.24
$1,772.33
$3,023.78
$1,683.54
$864.37
$297.39
$217.49
$31.84
$429.42
$9,212.28
$265.44
$6,998.23
$1,521.34
$3,488.48
$5,312.03
$3,358.15
$50,870.00
$114,977.26
$114,977.26
PR26 - CDBG Financial Summary Report
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
DATE:

TIME:

PAGE: 4
12:28
09-15-25
Program Year 2024

BUENA PARK , CA
LINE 37 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES INCLUDED IN THE COMPUTATION OF LINE 37 Plan
Year
IDIS
Project
IDIS
Activity
Voucher
Number Activity Name Matrix
Code
National
Objective Drawn Amount
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024

2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024
2024

Total
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 495
495
495
495
495
495
495
495
496
496
496
496
496
496
496
6966857
6971114
6982600
6988541
7003960
7018730
7040298
7057311
6966857
6971114
6988541
7003960
7018730
7040298
7057311
CDBG Program Administration
CDBG Program Administration
CDBG Program Administration
CDBG Program Administration
CDBG Program Administration
CDBG Program Administration
CDBG Program Administration
CDBG Program Administration
Fair Housing Services
Fair Housing Services
Fair Housing Services
Fair Housing Services
Fair Housing Services
Fair Housing Services
Fair Housing Services
21A
21A
21A
21A
21A
21A
21A
21A
21A
21D
21D
21D
21D
21D
21D
21D
21D
Matrix Code 21A
Matrix Code 21D
$37,765.67
$8,246.49
$4,824.99
$5,229.70
$8,267.80
$17,959.66
$30,789.87
$18,232.43
$131,316.61
$3,630.63
$1,391.71
$2,482.04
$1,226.26
$2,384.44
$1,081.28
$3,293.64
$15,490.00
$146,806.61
PR26 - CDBG-CV Financial Summary Report
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
DATE:

TIME:

PAGE: 1
12:24
09-15-25

BUENA PARK , CA
Metrics
New Grantee (CV)
PART I: SUMMARY OF CDBG-CV RESOURCES
01 CDBG-CV GRANT
02 FUNDS RETURNED TO THE LINE-OF-CREDIT
03 FUNDS RETURNED TO THE LOCAL CDBG ACCOUNT
04 TOTAL CDBG-CV FUNDS AWARDED
PART II: SUMMARY OF CDBG-CV EXPENDITURES
05 DISBURSEMENTS OTHER THAN SECTION 108 REPAYMENTS AND PLANNING/ADMINISTRATION 06 DISBURSED IN IDIS FOR PLANNING/ADMINISTRATION
07 DISBURSED IN IDIS FOR SECTION 108 REPAYMENTS
08 TOTAL EXPENDITURES (SUM, LINES 05 - 07)
09 UNEXPENDED BALANCE (LINE 04 - LINE8 )
PART III: LOWMOD BENEFIT FOR THE CDBG-CV GRANT
10 EXPENDED FOR LOW/MOD HOUSING IN SPECIAL AREAS
11 EXPENDED FOR LOW/MOD MULTI-UNIT HOUSING
12 DISBURSED FOR OTHER LOW/MOD ACTIVITIES
13 TOTAL LOW/MOD CREDIT (SUM, LINES 10 - 12)
14 AMOUNT SUBJECT TO LOW/MOD BENEFIT (LINE 05)
15 PERCENT LOW/MOD CREDIT (LINE 13/LINE 14)
PART IV: PUBLIC SERVICE (PS) CALCULATIONS
16 DISBURSED IN IDIS FOR PUBLIC SERVICES
17 CDBG-CV GRANT
18 PERCENT OF FUNDS DISBURSED FOR PS ACTIVITIES (LINE 16/LINE 17) PART V: PLANNING AND ADMINISTRATION (PA) CAP
19 DISBURSED IN IDIS FOR PLANNING/ADMINISTRATION
20 CDBG-CV GRANT
21 PERCENT OF FUNDS DISBURSED FOR PA ACTIVITIES (LINE 19/LINE 20)

BUENA PARK , CA

1,397,359.00

0.00 0.00
1,397,359.00

1,159,290.33
109,868.00

0.00 1,269,158.33
128,200.67

0.00 0.00
1,159,290.33
1,159,290.33
1,159,290.33
100.00%

751,799.64
1,397,359.00

53.80%

109,868.00
1,397,359.00

7.86%
PR26 - CDBG-CV Financial Summary Report
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
DATE:

TIME:

PAGE: 2
12:24
09-15-25

BUENA PARK , CA
LINE 10 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES TO CONSIDER IN DETERMINING THE AMOUNT TO ENTER ON LINE 10 No data returned for this view. This might be because the applied filter excludes all data.

LINE 11 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES TO CONSIDER IN DETERMINING THE AMOUNT TO ENTER ON LINE 11 No data returned for this view. This might be because the applied filter excludes all data.

LINE 12 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES INCLUDED IN THE COMPUTATION OF LINE 12 Plan Year IDIS Project IDIS
Activity
Voucher
Number Activity Name Matrix
Code
National
Objective Drawn Amount
2020
Total
12 13
441
453
454
455
457
6412249
6457487
6490885
6510905
6539134
6597005
6645656
6668771
6732546
6758118
6809920
6836961
6871077
6888514
6893983
6935571
7018730
6510905
6539134
6597005
6645656
6510905
6539134
6597005
6645656
6668771
6732546
6758315
6809920
6539134
6597005
6645656
6668771
COVID Small Business Grant Program
COVID Small Business Grant Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Utility Assistance
CDBG-CV Utility Assistance
CDBG-CV Utility Assistance
CDBG-CV Utility Assistance
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Child Care Assistance
CDBG-CV Child Care Assistance
CDBG-CV Child Care Assistance
CDBG-CV Child Care Assistance
18A
18A
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
05D
05D
05D
05D
LMJ
LMJ
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
$376,386.36
$31,104.33
$111,810.00
$69,455.18
$1,350.00
$93,481.67
$22,342.00
$3,956.00
$34,019.00
$4,500.00
$5,975.00
$12,000.00
$8,925.00
$1,130.00
$1,130.00
$1,130.00
$4,500.00
$1,000.00
$1,000.00
$2,299.37
$656.07
$2,631.07
$1,442.32
$57,022.90
$28,604.10
$10,070.38
$72,846.49
$22,406.17
$41,207.77
$30,619.62
$69,734.09
$22,456.29
$12,099.15
$1,159,290.33
LINE 16 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES INCLUDED IN THE COMPUTATION OF LINE 16 PR26 - CDBG-CV Financial Summary Report
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Office of Community Planning and Development
Integrated Disbursement and Information System
DATE:

TIME:

PAGE: 3
12:24
09-15-25

BUENA PARK , CA
Plan Year IDIS Project IDIS
Activity
Voucher
Number Activity Name Matrix
Code
National
Objective Drawn Amount
2020
Total
13 453
454
455
457
6490885
6510905
6539134
6597005
6645656
6668771
6732546
6758118
6809920
6836961
6871077
6888514
6893983
6935571
7018730
6510905
6539134
6597005
6645656
6510905
6539134
6597005
6645656
6668771
6732546
6758315
6809920
6539134
6597005
6645656
6668771
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Rental Assistance Program
CDBG-CV Utility Assistance
CDBG-CV Utility Assistance
CDBG-CV Utility Assistance
CDBG-CV Utility Assistance
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Homeless Outreach
CDBG-CV Child Care Assistance
CDBG-CV Child Care Assistance
CDBG-CV Child Care Assistance
CDBG-CV Child Care Assistance
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
05Q
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
03T
05D
05D
05D
05D
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
LMC
$111,810.00
$69,455.18
$1,350.00
$93,481.67
$22,342.00
$3,956.00
$34,019.00
$4,500.00
$5,975.00
$12,000.00
$8,925.00
$1,130.00
$1,130.00
$1,130.00
$4,500.00
$1,000.00
$1,000.00
$2,299.37
$656.07
$2,631.07
$1,442.32
$57,022.90
$28,604.10
$10,070.38
$72,846.49
$22,406.17
$41,207.77
$30,619.62
$69,734.09
$22,456.29
$12,099.15
$751,799.64
LINE 19 DETAIL: ACTIVITIES INCLUDED IN THE COMPUTATION OF LINE 19 Plan Year IDIS Project IDIS
Activity
Voucher
Number Activity Name Matrix
Code
National
Objective Drawn Amount
2020
Total
14 456 6490885
6510905
6539134
6597005
6645656
6668771
6732546
CDBG-CV Administration
CDBG-CV Administration
CDBG-CV Administration
CDBG-CV Administration
CDBG-CV Administration
CDBG-CV Administration
CDBG-CV Administration
21A
21A
21A
21A
21A
21A
21A
$32,089.76
$24,190.61
$8,618.58
$17,502.35
$13,341.33
$3,815.02
$10,310.35
$109,868.00
September 23, 2025

PUBLIC HEARING
Item No. 6B.

City Council Agenda Report

WATER QUALITY REPORT ON PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS

PREPARED BY PRESENTED BY
Joe Hunt, Public Works Manager Joe Hunt, Public Works Manager

DEPARTMENT HEAD APPROVAL CITY MANAGER APPROVAL
Mina Mikhael, Director of Public Works/City Engineer Aaron France, City Manager

RECOMMENDED ACTION
1) Accept and approve the 2025 Water Quality Report on Public Health Goals.

PREVIOUS CITY COUNCIL ACTION
On July 26, 2022, the City Council previously approved the 2022 Water Quality Report on Public Health Goals. Thisis a mandated report that is prepared every three years.

DISCUSSION
Provisions of the California Health and Safety Code, Section 11647(b), require public water agencies with more than 10,000 service connections to prepare a brief written report (in plain language) containing information on the 'detection' of any contaminants above the Public Health Goals (PHGs) published by the State Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). PHGs are established for every contaminant with a primary drinking water standard or for any contaminant the State is proposing to regulate with a primary drinking water standard. A PHG is the level of a contaminant in drinking water that poses no significant health risk if consumed for a lifetime. For example, OEHHA may establish a PHG for a cancer causing chemical at the 'one-in-ten thousand' risk level. At that level, not more than one person in a population of ten thousand people drinking the water daily for seventy years would be expected to develop cancer as a result of exposure to that chemical.

The report must also list the 'detection' of any contaminants above the Maximum Containment Level Goals (MCLGs) set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for all other contaminants until such a time that OEHHA has published PHGs for those contaminants.

The first Buena Park PHG report was prepared in July 2001, and has been prepared every three years since. The last report was approved by City Council on July 26, 2022. The 2025 Water Quality Report on Public Health Goals was prepared by the City' s Water Services Division and compares Buena Park's drinking water with the PHGs and MCLGs set forth by OEHHA and the USEPA. PHGs and MCLGs are not enforceable standards and no action to meet them is mandated or otherwise required. The City's water system complies with all health-based drinking water standards, including maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) set forth by the California Department of Public Health and the USEPA. No additional actions are required.

BUDGET IMPACT
There is no budget impact with the approval of this report.

Attachments
Buena Park_2025 PHG Report_Final.pdf

CITY OF BUENA PARK
2025 PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS REPORT

JUNE 2025

City of Buena Park 1 2025 PHGs Report

2025 Public Health Goals (PHGs) Report

City of Buena Park

1.0 Introduction

Under the Calderon-Sher Safe Drinking Water Act of 1996 public water systems in California serving greater than 10,000 service connections must prepare a report containing information on 1) detection of any contaminant in drinking water at a level exceeding a Public Health Goal (PHG), 2) estimate of costs to remove detected contaminants to below the PHG using Best Available Technology (BAT), and 3) health risks for each contaminant exceeding a PHG. This report must be made available to the public every three years. The initial PHGs Report was due on July 1, 1998, and subsequent reports are due every three years thereafter.

The 2025 PHGs Report has been prepared to address the requirements set forth in Section 116470 of the California Health and Safety Code. It is based on water quality analyses during calendar years 2022, 2023, and 2024 or, if certain analyses were not performed during those years, the most recent data is used. The 2025 PHGs Report has been designed to be as informative as possible, without unnecessary duplication of information contained in the Consumer Confidence Report (also known as Wa ter Quality Report), which is provided to customers by July 1 of each year.

There are no regulations explaining requirements for the preparation of PHGs reports. A workgroup of the Association of California Water Agencies (ACWA) Water Quality Committee has prepared suggested guidelines for water utilities to use in preparing PHGs reports. The ACWA guidelines were used in the preparation of this 2025 PHGs Report. These guidelines include tables of cost estimates for BAT. The State of California (State) provides ACWA with numerical health risks and category of health risk information for contaminants with PHGs. This health risk information is appended to the ACWA guidelines.

2.0 California Drinking Water Regulatory Process

California Health and Safety Code Section 116365 requires the State to develop a PHG for every contaminant with a primary drinking water standard or for any contaminant the State is

City of Buena Park 2 2025 PHGs Report

proposing to regulate with a primary drinking water standard. A PHG is the level of a contaminant in drinking water that poses no significant health risk if consumed for a lifetime.

The process of establishing a PHG is a risk assessment based strictly on human health considerations. PHGs are recommended targets and are not required to be met by any public water system.

The State office designated to develop PHGs is the California Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) . The PHG is then forwarded to the State Water Resources Control Board, Division of Drinking Water (DDW) for use in revising or developing a Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) in drinking water. The MCL is the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. State MCLs cannot be less stringent than federal MCLs and must be as close as is technically and economically feasible to the PHGs. DDW is required to take treatment technologies and cost of compliance into account when setting an MCL. Each MCL is reviewed at least once every five years.

Two radiological contaminants (gross alpha partic le activity and gross beta particle activity) have MCLs but do not yet have designated PHGs. For these contaminants, the Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG), the federal U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) equivalent of PHGs, is used in the 2025 PHGs Report.

3.0 Identification of Contaminants

Section 116470(b)(1) of the Health and Safety Code requires public water systems serving more than 10,000 service connections to identify each contaminant detected in drinking water that exceeded the applicable PHG. Section 116470(f) requires the MCLG to be used for comparison if there is no applicable PHG.

The City of Buena Park (City) water system has approximately 19,081 service connections. The following constituents were detected at one or more locations within the drinking water system at levels that exceeded the applicable PHGs or MCLGs:

 Arsenic – naturally-occurring in the local groundwater.

City of Buena Park 3 2025 PHGs Report

 Bromate – formed when naturally-occurring bromide reacts with ozone during the disinfection process in treated surface water purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWDSC).
 Gross alpha particle activity (gross alpha) – naturally-occurring in the local groundwater and treated surface water purchased from MWDSC.  Gross beta particle activity (gross beta) – naturally-occurring in the treated surface water purchased from MWDSC; not required to be tested in the groundwater.  Hexavalent Chromium – naturally-occurring in the local groundwater.  Perchlorate – industrial contamination in the local groundwater.  Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) – industrial contamination in the local groundwater.
 Radium, Combined, is the sum of Radium-226 and Radium-228 – naturally-occurring in the local groundwater.
 Uranium – naturally-occurring in the local groundwater and treated surface water purchased from MWDSC.

The accompanying table shows the applicable PH G or MCLG and MCL for each contaminant identified above. The table includes the maximum, minimum, and average concentrations of each contaminant in drinking water supplied by the City in calendar years 2022 through 2024.

4.0 Numerical Public Health Risks

Section 116470(b)(2) of the Health and Safety Code requires disclosure of the numerical public health risk, determined by OEHHA, associated with the MCLs, PHGs and MCLGs. Available numerical health risks developed by OEHHA for the contaminants identified above are shown on the accompany table. Only numerical risks associated with cancer-causing chemicals have been quantified by OEHHA.

Arsenic – OEHHA has determined the health risk associated with the PHG is 1 excess case of cancer in a million people and the risk associated with the MCL is 2.5 excess cases of cancer in 1,000 people exposed over a 70-year lifetime.

City of Buena Park 4 2025 PHGs Report

Bromate – OEHHA has determined the health risk associated with the PHG is 1 excess case of cancer in a million people and the risk associated with the MCL is 1 excess case of cancer in 10,000 people exposed over a 70-year lifetime.

Gross Alpha – OEHHA has not established a PHG. USEPA has established an MCLG of 0.

USEPA has determined the risk associated with the MCL is 1 excess case of cancer in 1,000 people exposed over a 70-year lifetime for the most potent alpha emitter.

Gross Beta – OEHHA has not established a PHG. USEPA has established an MCLG of 0.

USEPA has determined the risk associated with the MCL is 2 excess cases of cancer in 1,000 people exposed over a 70-year lifetime for the most potent beta emitter.

Hexavalent Chromium – OEHHA has determined the health risk associated with the PHG is 1 excess case of cancer in a million people and the risk associated with the MCL is 5 excess cases of cancer in 10,000 people exposed over a 70-year lifetime.

Perchlorate – OEHHA has not established a numerical health risk for perchlorate because PHGs for non-carcinogenic chemicals in drinking water are set at a concentration at which no known or anticipated adverse health risks will occur, with an adequate margin of safety.

PFOS – OEHHA has determined the health risk associated with the PHG is 1 excess case of cancer in a million people. There is no California MCL for PFOS; therefore, the risk information associated with the MCL is not available/applicable.

Radium, Combined – OEHHA has determined that the health risk associated with the PHG is 1 excess case of cancer in one million people over a 70-year lifetime exposure; and the risk associated with the MCL is 1 excess case of cancer in 10,000 people for radium-226 and 3 excess cases of cancer in 10,000 people for radium-228 over a 70-year lifetime exposure.

Uranium – OEHHA has determined the health risk associated with the PHG is 1 excess case of cancer in a million people and the risk associated with the MCL is 5 excess cases of cancer in 100,000 people exposed over a 70-year lifetime.

City of Buena Park 5 2025 PHGs Report

5.0 Identification of Risk Categories

Section 116470(b)(3) of the Health and Safety Code requires identification of the category of risk to public health associated with exposure to the contaminant in drinking water, including a brief, plainly worded description of those terms. The risk categories and definitions for the contaminants identified above are shown on the accompanying table.

6.0 Description of Best Available Technology

Section 116470(b)(4) of the Health and Safety Code requires a description of the BAT, if any is available on a commercial basis, to remove or reduce the concentrations of the contaminants identified above. The BATs are shown on the accompanying table.

7.0 Costs of Using Best Available Technologies and Intended Actions

Section 116470(b)(5) of the Health and Safety Code requires an estimate of the aggregate cost and cost per customer of utilizing the BATs identified to reduce the concentration of a contaminant to a level at or below the PHG or MCLG. In addition, Section 116470(b)(6) requires a brief description of any actions the water purveyor intends to take to reduce the concentration of the contaminant and the basis for that decision.

Arsenic – The BATs for removal of arsenic in water for large water systems are: activated alumina, coagulation/filtration, electrodialysis, i on exchange, lime softening, oxidation/filtration, and reverse osmosis. Arsenic was detected above the PHG in the local groundwater (six wells).

The City is in compliance with the MCL for arsenic. The estimated cost to reduce arsenic levels in the groundwater to below the PHG of 0.004 microgram per liter (µg/l) using ion exchange was calculated. Because the DDW detection limit for purposes of reporting (DLR) for arsenic is 2 µg/l, treating arsenic to below the PHG level means treating arsenic to below the DLR of 2 µg/l.

There are numerous factors that may influence the actual cost of reducing arsenic levels to the PHG. Achieving the water quality goal for arsenic could be approximately $3,540,000 per year, or $186 per service connection per year.

City of Buena Park 6 2025 PHGs Report

Bromate – The BATs for removal of bromate in water for large water systems are:
coagulation/filtration optimization, granular activated carbon, and reverse osmosis. Bromate was detected above the PHG in the treated surface water purchased from MWDSC. The City is in compliance with the MCL for bromate. The estimated cost to reduce bromate levels in MWDSC water to below the PHG of 0.1 µg/l us ing reverse osmosis was calculated. Because the DLR for bromate is 1 µg/l, treating bromate to below the PHG level means treating bromate to below the DLR of 1 µg/l. There are numerous factors that may influence the actual cost of reducing bromate levels to the PHG. Achieving the water quality goal for bromate could range from approximately $373,000 to $3,190,000 per year, or between $20 and $167 per service connection per year.

Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Combined Radium, and Uranium – The only BAT for the removal of gross alpha in water for large water systems is reverse osmosis, which can also remove gross beta, combined radium, and uranium, if detected. Gross alpha was detected above the MCLG in the local groundwater (eight wells) and treated surface water purchased from MWDSC. Gross beta was detected above the MCLG in the treated surface water purchased from MWDSC. Combined radium was detected above the MCLG in the local groundwater (one well). Uranium was detected above the PHG in the local groundwater (seven wells) and treated surface water purchased from MWDSC. The cost of providing treatment using reverse osmosis to reduce gross alpha levels to the MCLG of 0 picoCurie per liter (pCi/l) (and consequently gross beta to below the MCLG of 0 pCi/l, combined radium to below the MCLG of 0 pCi/l, and uranium to below the PHG of 0.43 pCi/l) was calculated. Because the DLR for gross alpha is 3 pCi/l, treating gross alpha to 0 pCi/l means treating it to below the DLR of 3 pCi/l (and treating gross beta, radium-226, radium-228, and uranium to below their respective DLRs of 4 pCi/l, 1 pCi/l, 1 pCi/l, and 1 pCi/l). Achieving the water quality goal for gross alpha could range from $4,180,000 to $35,800,000 per year, or between $219 and $1,880 per service connection per year.

Hexavalent Chromium – The BATs for removal of hexavalent chromium in water for large water systems are: ion exchange, reduction/coagulation/filtration, and reverse osmosis.

Hexavalent chromium was detected above the PHG in the local groundwater (five wells). The City is in compliance with the MCL for hexavalent chromium. The estimated cost to reduce hexavalent chromium levels in the groundwater to below the PHG of 0.02 µg/l using reduction/coagulation/filtration was calculated. Because the DLR for hexavalent chromium is

City of Buena Park 7 2025 PHGs Report

0.1 µg/l, treating hexavalent chromium to below the PHG level means treating hexavalent chromium to below the DLR of 0.1 µg/l. There are numerous factors that may influence the actual cost of reducing hexavalent chromium levels to the PHG. Achieving the water quality goal for hexavalent chromium could be approximately $6,710,000 to $42,000,000 per year, or between $352 and $2,200 per service connection per year.

Perchlorate – The BATs for removal of perchlorate in water for large water systems are ion exchange and biological fluidized bed reactor. Perchlorate was detected above the PHG in the local groundwater (four wells). The City is in compliance with the MCL for perchlorate. The estimated cost to reduce perchlorate levels in the groundwater to below the PHG of 1 µg/l using ion exchange was calculated. Because the DLR for perchlorate is 1 µg/l, treating perchlorate to below the PHG level means treating perchlorate to below the DLR of 1 µg/l. There are numerous factors that may influence the actual cost of reducing perchlorate levels to the PHG.

Achieving the water quality goal for perchlorate could be approximately $1,960,000 to $4,290,000 per year, or between $103 and $225 per service connection per year.

PFOS – The BATs for removal of PFOS in water for large water systems are: granular activated carbon, ion exchange, and reverse osmosis. PFOS was detected above the PHG in the local groundwater (one well). The City is in compliance with the State requirements for PFOS. The estimated cost to reduce PFOS levels in the groundwater to below the PHG of 1 nanogram per liter (ng/l) using ion exchange was calculated. Because the DDW Consumer Confidence Report Detection Level (CCRDL) for PFOS is 4 ng/l, treating PFOS to below the PHG level means treating PFOS to below the CCRDL of 4 ng/l. There are numerous factors that may influence the actual cost of reducing PFOS levels to the PHG. Achieving the water quality goal for PFOS could be approximately $944,000 to $12,900,000 per year, or between $50 and $677 per service connection per year.

All Contaminants – In addition, a cost estimate to treat all water produced by the City using ion exchange and reverse osmosis to remove all the contaminants detected above the PHGs or MCLGs was calculated. All the contaminants listed in the accompanying table may be removed to non-detectable levels by ion exchange and reverse osmosis. As shown on the accompanying table, achieving the water qualit y goals for all contaminants using ion exchange and reverse osmosis could range from $6,140,000 to $40,100,000 per year, or between $322 and $2,100 per service connection per year.

City of Buena Park 8 2025 PHGs Report

For additional information, please contact Mr. Mike McGee at (714) 562-3701, or write to the City of Buena Park Water Department, 6650 Beach Boulevard, Buena Park, California 90622.

J:\2462\2462-005 Buena Park 2025 PHG\Buena Park_2025 PHG_text_Final.docx

UNITS PHG MCL DLR CATEGORY CANCER RISK CANCER BEST AGGREGATE COST PER

PARAMETER OF OR OR AVERAG E RANGE OF AT PHG RIS K AVAILABLE COST SERVICE CONNECTION MEASUREMENT (MCLG)* (CCRDL) RISK OR MCLG AT MCL TECHNOLOGIES PER YEAR PER YEAR

INORGANIC CHEMICALS
Arsenic μg/l 0.004 10 2 ND ND - 6.3 C 1 x 10 -6 2.5 x 10-3 AA,C/F,E,IE,LS,O/F,RO $3,540,000 (a) $186 (a) Bromate μg/l 0.1 10 1 ND ND - 6.3 C 1 x 10 -6 1 x 10-4 C/F, GAC, RO $373,000 - $3.190,000 (b) $20 - $167 (b) Hexavalent Chromium μg/l 0.02 10 0.1 0.31 ND - 1.6 C 1 x 10 -6 5 x 10-4 IE, R/C/F, RO $6,710,000 - $42,000,000 (c) $352 - $2,200 (c) Perchlorate μg/l 1 6 1 ND ND - 2.7 E NA NA IE, BFBR $1,960,000 - $4,290,000 (d) $103 - $225 (d)

ORGANIC CHEMICALS
Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (PFOS) ng/l 1 4 ** (4) ND ND - 7.2 *** C 1 x 10 -6 (e) GAC, IE, RO $944,000 - $12,900,000 (f) $50 - $677 (f)

RADIOLOGICAL
Gross Alpha Particle Activity pCi/l (0) 15 3 ND ND - 5 C 0 1 x 10 -3 RO $4,180,000 - $35,800,000 (g) $219 - $1,880 (g)
Gross Beta Particle Activity pCi/l (0) 50 4 ND ND - 9 C 0 2 x 10 -3 IE, RO -- -- Radium, Combined (h) pCi/l (0) 5 1 (h) ND ND - 1.2 C 1 x 10-6 3 x 10-4 IE, LS, RO -- -- Uranium pCi/l 0.43 20 1 2.5 ND - 7.1 C 1 x 10-6 5 x 10-5 IE, RO, LS,C/F -- -- ALL CONTAMINANTS -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- IE and RO $6,140,000 - $40,100,000 (i) $322 - $2,100 (i) * MCLGs are shown in parentheses. MCLGs are provided only when no applicable PHG exists. ** Federal MCL
*** Range of detections reported before the effective Federal MCL compliance date of April 26, 2029. TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES AA = Activated Aluminum
RISK CATEGORIES BFBR = Biological fluidized Bed Reactor C (Carcinogen) = A substance that is capable of producing cancer. C/F = Coagulation/Filtration E (Endocrine Toxicity and Developmental Toxicity) = A substance that can affect the thyroid or cause neurodevelopmental deficits. E = Electrodialysis GAC = Granular Activated Carbon
NOTES IE = Ion Exchange
CCRDL = Consumer Confidence Report Detection Level LS = Lime Softening DLR = Detection Limit for Purposes of Reporting O/F = Oxidation/Filtration MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level R/C/F = Reduction/Coagulation/Filtration MCLG = Maximum Contaminant Level Goal RO = Reverse Osmosis μg/l = micrograms per liter or parts per billion
NA = Not Applicable
ND = Not Detected
ng/l = nanograms per liter or parts per trillion
pCi/l = picoCuries per liter
PHG = Public Health Goal
(a) Estimated cost to remove arsenic using IE.
(b) Estimated cost to remove bromate using RO.
(c) Estimated cost to remove hexavalent chromium using R/C/F. (d) Estimated cost to remove perchlorate using IE.
(e) Not applicable. Cancer risk cannot be calculated.
(f) Estimated cost to remove PFOS using IE.
(g) Estimated cost to remove gross alpha particle activity using RO, which also removes combined radium, gross beta particle activity, and uranium. (h) As the sum of radium-226 and radium-228. DLRs for radium-226 and radium-228 is 1 pCi/L and 1 pCi/L, respectively. (i) Assuming treating the entire production by IE and RO, which can remove all contaminants listed in the above table to below the detectable levels. 2025 PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS REPORT

CITY OF BUENA PARK

CONCENTRATION
J:\2462\2462-005 Buena Park 2025 PHG\Buena Park_phgtable_2025_Final.xlsx September 23, 2025

PUBLIC HEARING
Item No. 6C.

City Council Agenda Report

RESOLUTIONS ADOPTING A GENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE, NEGATIVE DECLARATION,AND THE CLIMATE ACTION AND ADAPTATION PLAN

PREPARED BY PRESENTED BY
Lotus Thai, Sustainability Manager Lotus Thai, Sustainability Manager

DEPARTMENT HEAD APPROVAL CITY MANAGER APPROVAL
Matt Foulkes, Director of Community & Economic
Development Aaron France, City Manager

RECOMMENDED ACTION
1) Adopt the attached Resolutions approving General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3 and the Climate Action andAdaptation Plan (CAAP); and 2) Find that there is not substantive evidence that the project will have a signiﬁcanteffect on the environment based on the ﬁndings of fact provided in the Negative Declaration.

PREVIOUS CITY COUNCIL ACTION
On December 12, 2023, City Council approved a Professional Services Agreement with Dudek for the preparation ofthe Climate Action and Adaptation Plan (CAAP).

DISCUSSION

GENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT
State law requires that each jurisdiction adopt a comprehensive General Plan to guide long-term City planning,including physical development and allocation of resources to establish community priorities and guide decision- making. The General Plan must consist of at least nine elements or topic areas, including the Safety Element (SE),and is the City’s statement of guiding values, principles, goals, and policies as it relates to the protection of thecommunity from any unreasonable risk associated with both natural and man-made hazardous events. The Staterequires periodic updates to the elements of the General Plan to ensure that the City policies continue to reﬂectcommunity needs, challenges, and opportunities in compliance with State law.

The SE was last updated during the City’s comprehensive General Plan update in 2010. Since that time, Senate Bill 379 (SB 379) was signed into law and, along with California Government Code 65302(g), now requires cities toinclude climate change vulnerability assessments and comprehensive hazard mitigation and emergency responsestrategies in its SE. The current SE contains sections that address risks posed by earthquakes, ﬂooding, severestorms, ﬁre, hazardous materials, and terrorism, but does not include adequate policies and analysis regardingclimate change vulnerability and emergency preparedness through ﬁre protection.

The SE addresses the potential short- and long-term risks of death, injuries, property damage, and economic andsocial dislocation resulting from ﬁres, ﬂoods, droughts, earthquakes, landslides, climate change, and other hazards.The SE identiﬁes hazards and hazard-abatement provisions to guide local decisions related to zoning, subdivisions, and entitlement permits. The City used the risk assessment and mitigation strategies from the Local HazardMitigation Plan (LHMP), which was updated in 2024, to update the SE. The SE was also updated to ensurecompliance with State law, as described in Section 65302(g) of the California Government Code, related to severeheat, climate change, ﬁre protection, and evacuation.

In addition to other updates, several new natural hazards were identiﬁed and emergency preparedness strategies have been added, including Climate Change, Hazard Mitigation, Evacuation Planning, and Climate Adaptation. Inaddition to these updates, the Orange County map of Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones (VHFHSZ) in the LocalResponsibility Areas (LRA), updated in March of 2025, identiﬁed a VHFHSZ at the north end of the City just south ofRosecrans Avenue, including Ralph B. Clark Regional Park, the Los Coyotes Golf Course, and extending north andeast into the City of Fullerton. This hazard zone includes part of the Buena Tierra condominium development andthree single-family parcels.

In accordance with State requirements, the updated SE was presented before the State Board of Forestry and FireProtection (BOF) Resource Protection Committee for review on August 19, 2025. The BOF concluded their reviewwith no recommended changes to the SE. On August 27, 2025, the Planning Commission conducted a publichearing on the SE amendment and voted unanimously to recommend that the City Council approve the GeneralPlan Amendment No. GP-25-3 as proposed and certify the accompanying Negative Declaration. Elements of the Climate Action and Adaptation Plan (CAAP) that were related to the SE update were presented at the PlanningCommission meeting, but a formal action by the Planning Commission on the CAAP was not required.

CLIMATE ACTION AND ADAPTATION PLAN (CAAP)
Background
The CAAP is a strategic framework designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance the community'sresilience to climate change impacts such as extreme heat, drought, and poor air quality. By setting measurablegoals and implementing targeted actions, the CAAP aims to achieve carbon neutrality, improve environmental sustainability, and foster a climate-resilient city. This plan reﬂects Buena Park's commitment to safeguarding publichealth, infrastructure, and natural resources for current and future generations.

The development of the CAAP was in part a response to several pieces of State-level legislation focused ongreenhouse gas (GHG) reduction. Senate Bill 32 set a goal of reducing GHG emissions 40% below 1990 levels by2030. Assembly Bill 1279 set two goals for the State: reduce human-caused GHG emissions to at least 85% below1990 levels by 2045 and achieve net-zero as soon as possible, but no later than 2045, and maintain net negative emissions thereafter. In addition to GHG reduction goals, Senate Bill 329 and Government Code Section 65302require cities to add a vulnerability assessment to their General Plan Safety Element.

In February 2024, City staff and the Dudek-led consultant team kicked off the preparation of the City’s ﬁrst ClimateAction and Adaptation Plan (CAAP), environmental analysis and amendments to the General Plan Safety Element.

Community Engagement
A successful CAAP is built on insights and feedback from the community, including residents, businesses, industryrepresentatives, and agency partners. City staff and the consultant team were able to connect with over 1,090community members through tabling events, surveys, and a hybrid webinar. Spanish and Korean translationservices were offered throughout the process. In addition to the multiple community engagement events, the City’sClimate Action Commission played a critical role throughout the CAPP development process and provided detailed feedback on the proposed implementation measures. Lastly, throughout the creation of the CAAP, the SustainabilityManager met with City department representatives to identify the tools and resources needed to implement theCAAP once adopted.

Climate Action and Adaptation Plan Structure
The CAAP is divided into six chapters:

Chapter 1 - Introduction
Chapter 2 - Community Engagement
Chapter 3 - Climate ActionChapter 4 - Climate AdaptationChapter 5 - Opportunity Areas, Measures and Actions Chapter 6 - Implementation and Monitoring
The consultant team and city staff selected 2023 to be the baseline year to measure the City’s current GHGemissions levels. Based on those levels, community outreach and consideration of programs at the state andfederal level to reduce GHG emissions, the consultant team prepared two GHG emission reduction scenarios. Theﬁrst was called the Business-as-Usual (BAU), which represents how GHG emissions will change over time based on projected growth in population, employment, and other factors but does not consider policies that would reduceGHG emissions in the future. The second scenario was called Adjusted Business-as-Usual (ABAU) which takes thesame projections as the BAU but includes policies at the state and federal level which are targeted at reducing GHGlevels. While the ABAU does result in GHG reductions, without further emissions reductions strategiesimplemented at the local level, it does not achieve the GHG emissions targets. To bridge the gap between ABAUand the GHG emissions reduction targets, the CAAP identiﬁed locally speciﬁc GHG reduction target that align with the State’s 2030 and 2045 goals. To achieve the City’s climate goals, the CAAP’s GHG emission reduction andadaptation strategy is divided into eight opportunity areas:

1. On-Road Transportation2. Energy and the Built Environment3. Off-Road Equipment

4. Water and Wastewater5. Solid Waste. People and the Community7. Natural and Urban Lands. Municipal The opportunity areas are broken down by measures which are achieved by speciﬁc actions. The CAAP alsoidentiﬁes co-beneﬁts (e.g., improving air quality, providing cost savings, and promoting equity) that are indirectadvantages that result from GHG emissions reduction and adaptation actions. The municipal opportunity areaaddresses GHG emissions reductions related to city-owned/operated facilities and equipment, and employeeactivities. Although the municipal opportunity area only represents a small portion of the City’s GHG emissions, itallows the City to lead by example and demonstrate our commitment to climate action.

Implementation and Next Steps
Implementation of the CAAP will be a coordinated effort with City departments, community partners, residents, andbusinesses. A phased approach will strategically sequence projects based on GHG reduction potential, cost-effectiveness, and feasibility. Ongoing community outreach through the creation of a website and dashboard willkeep the community informed. Tools, such as a permit tracking system and a CAAP checklist, are being developed to help staff track and measure progress.

Environmental Assessment
In accordance with the CEQA Guidelines, the City determined that an Initial Study/Negative Declaration (IS/ND) isthe appropriate environmental analysis for this project. An Initial Study/Negative Declaration (IS/ND) was preparedin accordance with the CEQA Guidelines Sections 15070-15073. Pursuant to California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Division 6, Chapter 3, Article 6, Section 15072, a Notice of Intent (NOI) to adopt a Negative Declaration was ﬁled,published and mailed on July 11, 2025 for the CEQA-mandated twenty (20) day public review and comment period.The comment review period ended on July 31, 2025. The City received no comment letters on the IS/ND during thepublic review period. The IS/ND found that the proposed amendments would have no impacts or less thansigniﬁcant impacts on the environment with no mitigation measures required.

Public Hearing Notiﬁcation:

Notice of the public hearing was posted at the Buena Park City Hall, the Buena Park Library, and the Ehlers EventCenter on September 11, 2025. Notice of the public hearing was also published in the Buena Park Independent onSeptember 12, 2025, as required by law.

BUDGET IMPACT
There is no budget impact associated with this action.

Attachments
City Council Resolution for General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3.pdf City Council Resolution for Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.pdf Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.pdf
Climate Action and Adaptation Plan Supporting Documents.pdf Planning Commission Resolution No. 6387.pdf

RESOLUTION NO.

GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT NO. GP-25-3

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BUENA

PARK, CALIFORNIA, APPROVING GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT
GP-25-3 AMENDING THE SAFETY ELEMENT OF THE GENERAL

PLAN, NEGATIVE DECLARATION, AND MAKING FINDINGS IN

SUPPORT THEREOF

A. Recitals.

(i) The City Council of the City of Buena Park adopted the Buena Park General Plan as required by law on December 7, 2010, through the adoption of Resolution No. 12497; and

(ii) The General Plan establishes the fundamental policy framework to guide decisions related to land use and development, public services and facilities, public safety, resource management, recreation, culture, and the overall health and quality of life in the community; and (iii) Senate Bill 379 and California Government Code Section 65302(g) requires cities to update their Safety Element to include additional potential hazards; and (iv) The proposed amendment to the General Plan will adopt policies and strategies addressing climate change vulnerability and emergency preparedness citywide; and (v) The proposed amendments are for planning purposes only and no specific construction project is proposed as part of the action to adopt the amendments to the General Plan; and
(vi) A Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration (NOI) and Initial Study was distributed on July 11, 2025 to local agencies, interested parties and the State Clearinghouse for 20-day review period and concluded on July 31, 2025; and (vii) The NOI described the Project, identified no or less than significant environmental effects, and invited agencies and the public to submit comments; and (viii) The City received no comments during the public review period; and (ix) The City of Buena Park is the Lead Agency under CEQA Guidelines Article 4, Section 15367 and is responsible for analyzing the environmental impacts of the Project; and (x) This Initial Study/Negative Declaration (IS/ND) has been prepared in conformance with CEQA (California Public Res ources Code S ection 21000 et seq.); CEQA Guidelines (California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Section 15000 et seq.); and the rules, regulations, and procedures for implementation of CEQA, as adopted by the City of Buena Park; and (xi) The IS/ND concluded that there were no impacts or less than s ignificant environmental impacts; and
(xii) The Planning Commission of the City of Buena Park conducted a duly noticed public Resolution No.

General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3
September 23, 2025

hearing, as required by law, to consider General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3, amending Chapter 7 - Safety Element of the 2035 General Plan, along with the Negative Declaration for the Project. Said public hearing was conducted and concluded on August 27, 2025; and (xiii) The Planning Commission reviewed and c onsidered all elements of said General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3 together with the associated Initial Study/Negative Declaration (IS/ND) and unanimously approved Resolution No. 6387 recommending that the City Council approve General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3 with the associated IS/ND; and (xiv) On September 23, 2025, the City Council of the City of Buena Park conducted a duly noticed public hearing , as required by law , to consider the proposed General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3 and IS/ND. Said public hearing was concluded prior to the adoption of this Resolution approving General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3 and IS/ND. (xv) All legal prerequisites to the adoption of the Resolution have occurred.

B. Resolution.

NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BUENA PARK, does hereby find, determine and resolve as follows:

1. The proposed General Plan Amendment No. GP -25-3 is consistent with the goals, policies, purposes, objectives, and programs of the City’s General Plan.

2. The proposed General Plan Amendment No. GP -25-3 will continue to promote the orderly development of the City and the public health, safety, and welfare by enhancing and maintaining public safety and security practices guided by the Safety Element.

3. The proposed General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3 will increase and not diminish the land available for housing within the City. The proposed General Plan Amendment will provide updates to the Summary of Existing Conditions Natural Hazards and Emergency Preparedness and Management, and principles, goals and policies of the Safety Element to mitigate any potential unforeseeable risks related to fires, floods, droughts, earthquakes, landslides, climate change, and other hazards.

4. The City Council finds that facts supporting the above-specified findings are contained in the staff report and exhibits, and information provided to the City Council during the public hearing conducted on September 23, 2025 with respect to the Project.

5. The City Council has reviewed and considered all components of the requested General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3 including compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) of 1970, as amended, and the Guidelines promulgated, thereunder, through the preparation of an IS/ND for the Safety Element and Climate Action and Adaptation Plan (CAAP) , adopted by separate resolution. The City Council has determined that the IS/ND is legally adequate and reflects the independent judgment of the City of Buena Park. Further, the City Council has reviewed and considered the information contained in the IS/ND and determines that no significant adverse environmental effects will occur with respect to the General Plan Amendment No. GP - 25-3 as identified in this Resolution.

6. The City Council hereby approves and adopts General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3 Resolution No.

General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3
September 23, 2025

amending Chapter 7 Safety Element of the 2035 General Plan and IS/ND, attached hereto as Exhibits A and B. The City of Buena Park shall file a Notice of Determination with the County Clerk of Orange County and the Secretary of the Resources Agency pursuant to the provisions of Section 21152 of Public Resources Code and State CEQA Guidelines adopted pursuant thereto.

7. The City Clerk shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution.

PASSED AND ADOPTED this 23rd day of September 2025, by the following called vote:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSTAINED: COUNCILMEMBERS:

Mayor

ATTEST:

________________________________
City Clerk
Resolution No.

General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3
September 23, 2025

EXHIBIT A

General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3
Draft Chapter 7 - Safety Element

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-1

7.1 INTRODUCTION
Community safety and security is an
essential component to the overall
health of Buena Park . The City fosters
a safe and secure environment by
anticipating and planning for potential
emergencies and promoting practices to
preserve residents’ health and welfare.

The Safety Element identifies and
evaluates public health and safety
hazards, and outlines the means of
limiting risks and minimizing losses
that occur because of natural and
human-caused disasters . This Element
also addresses emergency preparedness
and coordinated response to reduce the
potential loss of life and property in the event of a local or regional disaster. The General Plan’s Community Facilities Element discusses police and fire-rescue emergency facilities and services.

7.2 AUTHORITY FOR THE ELEMENT
California Government Code Section 65302(g) requires that a General Plan include “…a safety element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risk associated with the effects of seismically induced surface ruptures, ground shaking, ground failure, tsunami, seiche, and dam failure; slope instability leading to mudslides and landslid es; subsidence, liquefaction and other seismic hazards identified pursuant to chapter 7.8 (commencing with §2690) of the Public Resources Code, and other geologic hazards known to the legislative body; flooding and wild land and urban fires.”

7.3 SUMMARY OF EXISTING CONDITIONS

NATURAL HAZARDS
Natural hazards have the potential to cause loss of life and damage to buildings and infrastructure.

Natural hazards that threaten Buena Park include earthquakes, floods, and severe rainstorms .

Buena Park can avoid or mitigate potential impacts by preparing for incidents that may result from these hazards.

7-2 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7

Seismic Hazards
The City of Buena Park is located in a seismically active region, with a number of nearby faults (refer to Exhibit SAF -1, Regional Faults , page 2). The Norwalk Fault traverses the north and northeast portion of Buena Park, and the Los Coyotes Fault is located near the City’s northern boundary. Faults located within five miles of the City include the Whittier-Elsinore, Newport- Inglewood, and Los Alamitos faults. The Norwalk Fault is the only fault located within the City; however, no surface trace has been associated with this fault . Furthermore, the Norwalk Fault is not a state-designated Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone.

Buena Park is subject to seismic shaking due to the close proximity and potential earthquake magnitude of nearby faults . The extent of ground shaking depends on the magnitude of the earthquake and the distance between the City and the earthquake epicenter . While the Norwalk Fault has the greatest potential of causing the greatest extent of ground shaking in the City, the Whittier-Elsinore Fault and Newport -Inglewood Fault could also r esult in significant ground shaking.

A related seismic hazard of some concern in the City of Buena Park is liquefaction. Liquefaction is the loss of soil strength or stiffness due to a buildup of pore -water pressure during a seismic event. It is associated primarily with relatively loose, saturated , fine- to medium -grained unconsolidated soils. Seismic ground shaking of relatively loose, granular soils that are saturated or submerged can cause the soils to liquefy and temporarily behave as a dense fluid. According to the California Geologic Survey Quadrangles, liquefaction susceptibility is considered high throughout the majority of the City. Because of this liquefaction risk, the areas of the City south of Malvern Avenue are most susceptible to damage resu lting from an earthquake. The northern part of the City is not generally recognized as susceptible to liquefaction except for those areas adjoining Coyote Creek. Section 6 of the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan includes an extensive discussion of the various seismic hazards in the area.

Landslide potential in Buena Park is considered to be low due to the flat topography of the City.

However, there is the potential for landslides in the Coyote Hills area due to the sloping topography, though the City is not located within an area identified as having the potential for earthquake-induced landslides (refer to Exhibit SAF-2, Liquefaction/Landslide Potential, page 2 ).

Soil conditions subject to settlement include unconsolidated soils or areas where weak soils of variable thickness overlie firm soil or bedrock. The type of materials that would most likely experience seismically-induced settlement and differential compaction are deposits of alluvium, clays, silts, and possibly poorly constructed manmade fills. Structures built on such soil conditions are likely to suffer settlement damage in the event of strong seismic shaking. Moderately expansive soil potential occurs in the west -central portion of Buena Park (near State Route 91 and Valley View Street and Orangethorpe Avenue) and in the southern portion of Buena Park (nea r Carbon Creek). Refer to Exhibit SAF-3, Differential Settlement and Expansion Potential, on page 2 .

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-3 Flooding and Severe Storm Hazards
Large winter storms can lead to localized flooding in the City of Buena Park, especially in its northern portion. The majority of the City is located outside the annual -one-percent chance (100- year) of flooding (refer to Exhibit SAF-4, FEMA Flood Zones, page 2). However, certain portions of the City lie in Zone AO, identified as having a 100- year, shallow-flooding risk with average depths between one and three feet.

Buena Park Municipal Code Title 18, Division II
, is the City’s floodplain management ordinance.

It specifies how the City reviews development within known floodplains, its program for flood hazard reduction, and variance procedures.

Orange County Public Works, through its OC Environmental Resources division, maintains and manages the Fullerton Creek, Carbon Creek, and Coyote Creek stormwater channels that cross the City. These channels are engineered to control both natural creek drainage and urban runoff caused by the above referenced storms. There are no levees or other flood- control structures in the c ity other than these storm channels. As climate change generates larger and potentially wetter storms, the capacities of these channels may become inadequate over time.

The City is located near four dams that can pose flooding hazards: Brea Dam, Carbon Ca nyon Dam, Fullerton Dam, and Prado Dam (refer to Exhibit SAF-5 through Exhibit SAF-8, pages 2-2).

Section 8 of the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan contains an extensive discussion of dam failure modes, possible effects, and historical dam failures in the region.

While tornados are infrequent in the area, tornado-like winds have occurred in Buena Park. High winds have the potential to damage roofs and structures, bring down power lines, disrupt telephone, electrical, and cable television services, and blow over trees.

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-4

Exhibit SAF-1, Regional Faults

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-5

Source: State of California Department of Conservation, Seismic Hazard Zonation Program, Seismic Hazard Zones Map; La Habra, Anaheim, Los Alamitos and Whittier Quadrangles.

Exhibit SAF-2, Liquefaction/Landslide Potential

7-6 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7

Source: Draft EIR for the Buena Park General Plan Update, August 11, 1994. Note: Boundaries are approximate.

Exhibit SAF-3, Differential Settlement and Expansion Potential

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-7

Source: Federal Emergency Management Agency, DFIRM Data, Effective December 3, 2009.

Exhibit SAF-4, FEMA Flood Zones

7-8 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 (Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) (Light blue = Maximum High Pool; dark blue = Top of Active Storage)

Exhibit SAF-5, Brea Dam MH and TAS inundation zones

Exhibit SAF-6, Carbon Canyon Dam MH and TAS inundation zones

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-9

(Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) (Light blue = Maximum High Pool; dark blue = Top of Active Storage)

Exhibit SAF-7, Fullerton Dam MH and TAS inundation zones

Exhibit SAF-8, Prado Dam MH and TAS inundation zones

7-10 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7

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Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-11

Fire Hazards
Urban fires are most likely to occur within Buena Park due to the urbanized nature of the City.

Urban fires are largely related to fires involving a structure and/or its contents, and the cause of such fires is often human carelessness and negligence. Because Buena Park’s climate includes long periods of hot, dry weather sometimes combined with high-velocity winds, the potential exists for large, spreading fires. Delayed reporting to proper authorities, combustible construction materials, the absence of automatic sprinklers, and inadequate emergency vehicles a nd water supplies can exacerbate the threat of a fire.

RESILIENT CITIES: REDUCING DISASTER RISK

While communities may not be able to prevent a hazardous event such as an earthquake, we can control the way we build our cities and prepare to respond when the event occurs. The Making Cities Resilient campaign is an international effort to help cities prepare for hazardous natural events and reduce the risk that these events will cause disasters. A disaster-resilient city engages community members in planning a sust ainable city, takes steps to anticipate hazards and protect assets, can organize itself when hazardous events occur, and can quickly recover from hazardous events.

The Making Cities Resilient Campaign has a ten -point checklist of actions that cities should take to become disaster resilient, summarized as follows:
 Organize and coordinate community risk reduction and preparedness.  Incentivize private investment in risk reduction.
 Gather, disseminate, and use data on hazards and vulnerabilities.  Invest in physical infrastructure that reduces risk.
 Ensure safety of schools and health facilities.
 Enforce risk-compliant building codes and land-use planning principles.  Educate the community about reducing disaster risk.
 Protect ecosystem functions that reduce hazards.
 Prepare emergency communication systems and hold public preparedness drills.  Support disaster survivors.

A disaster-resilient city also adapts to climate change by preparing for natural hazards that are expected to be caused by climate change, and by protecting ecosystem functions that reduce natural hazards such as flooding. The term “resilient city” is used more broadly to mean a city that is adapting to climate change in a way that is environmentally sustainable.

Source: “Making Cities Resilient: My City is Getting Ready 2010-2011 World Disaster Reduction Campaign,” UNISDR

7-12 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection has prepared maps for Fire Hazard Severity Zones where local government agencies have Local Responsibility Areas (LRA) . The Orange County map of Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones (VHFHSZ) in the LRA ( March 2025) identifies a VHFHSZ at the north end of the City just south of Rosecrans Avenue, including Ralph B. Clark Regional Park and the Los Coyotes Golf Course (refer to Exhibit SAF-9, below), and extending north and east into the City of Fullerton. This hazard zone includes part of the Los Coyotes Village condominium development, and three (3) single-family parcels.

Exhibit SAF-9, Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones

Buena Park has not historically been subject to wildfires, but other cities in the region have had to deal with them in the past. An interactive map of historic wildfires for the State ca n be found on the CAL FIRE Historic California Wildfires
interactive map.

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-13 Buena Park General Plan Chapter 4, Community Facilities, discusses the City’s water distribution system; its operational, fire, and emergency water storage; and fire flow considerations.

The California Building Commission adopted the Wildland-Urban Interface codes in late 2005 to be effective in 2008. These new codes include provisions to improve the ignition resistance of buildings, especially from firebrands. The updated fire hazard severity zones are used by building officials to determine appropriate construction materials for new buildings in the Wildland-Urban Interface. The updated zones are also used by property owners to comply with natural hazards disclosure requirements at time of property sale and maintaining 100-foot defensible space clearance.

Climate Change
The effects of anthropogenic changes to the Earth’s climate have been forecast and observed since the 1980s. However, it was not until the 21st century that public attention became more focused on global climate change and its consequences became obvious to casual observers.

In a macro sense, climate change promises to bring more of everything to Buena Park: longer droughts, more severe storms, higher temperatures, stronger winds, more invasive pests, and faster groundwater consumption, to name a few likely impacts. The degree and timing of these impacts depends on how fast climate change occurs, its magnitude, and whether mitigation efforts taken now and in the near future will slow these impacts.

Local Hazard Mitigation Plan sections 8 and 9 include discussion of climate change and its impacts on dam breaches and drought in the City.

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Hazardous materials are any substances that, because of their quantity, concentration, or physical or chemical characteristics, pose a significant present or potential hazard to human health or safety or to the environment. The risks posed by accidental hazardous material releases may include long- term environmental pollution and public health problems.

Many types of businesses us e various chemicals and hazardous materials, and their routine business operat ions involve chemicals that are manufactured, warehoused, or transported.

Currently, a variety of existing business operations in the City use, store, or transport hazardous substances, as well as generate hazardous waste. These sites present risk to both users and adjacent properties.

Transportation routes also present some risks to the release of hazardous materials. The SR-91 and I-5 freeways are heavily traveled routes open to vehicles carrying hazardous materials . Major surface streets in the City that provide freeway access include Valley View Street, Knott Avenue, Beach Boulevard, Auto Center Drive , and La Palma Avenue. Rail lines that go through the City are also used for the transport of hazardous materials and wastes.

Additionally, a number of underground hazardous material pipelines cross through the City of Buena Park . These lines transport natural gas and oil products. Natural gas lines may leak in

7-14 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 relatively small quantities from cracks, flaws, or damaged areas of the pipeline, which can typically be repaired. However, rupture of these lines could result in leakage and possible contamination, explosion, and/or fire.

TERRORISM
The increased concern over terrorism and the potential for terrorist activity has brought public safety issues int o the forefront of our nation. The City of Buena Park is home to Knott’s Berry Farm, one of the most popular entertainment attractions in California, which could be an attractive target for terrorist attacks. Additionally, Buena Park is located within Orange County and borders Los Angeles County, two of the most target -rich population centers in the United States . Buena Park recognizes the need to address terrorism planning and policy issues and maintains an Emergency Operations Plan that acknowledges the p otential for terrorist activities . The City’s approach to terrorism focuses on prevention and adequate response in the event of a terrorist attack through strong coordination with federal, state, and local agencies.

7.4 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND MANAGEMENT
The City of Buena Park adopted an Emergency
Operations Plan (EOP) in December 2016 and
revised it in 2021. The Plan and its annexes outline a
comprehensive emergency management program for
the City. The EOP sets the City’s emergency
management policy and strategy . It also identifies
who is responsible for mitigating, preparing for,
responding to, and recovering from the effects of
natural dis asters, technological accidents, human-
caused emergencies , and other major
incidents/hazards.

FIRE PROTECTION
Buena Park is a member of the Orange County Fire Authority ( OCFA) Joint Powers Authority.

OCFA provides the City with fire protection and emergency medical services response. Services include structural fire protection, emergency medical and rescue services, hazardous materials inspections and response, fire prevention planning and inspection, and public education activities.

OCFA also participates in disaster planning as it relates to emergency operations, including high- occupancy areas and school sites , and may participate in community disaster drills planned by others.

Fire resources are deployed based upon a regional service delivery system, as signing personnel and equipment to emergency incidents without regard to jurisdictional boundaries. The equipment used by the department has the versatility to respond to both urban and wildland emergency conditions. OCFA operates 78 fire stations countywide, with three stations located in the City of Buena Park.

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-15 OCFA's Standard of Cover for fire services in urban areas (such as the City ) is shown below.

Response times are from receipt of the service call to a unit on-scene. • First-in engines should arrive on-scene to medical aids and/or fires within seven minutes, twenty seconds, eighty percent of the time.
• First-in truck companies should arrive on- scene to fires within twelve minutes, eighty percent of the time.
• First-in paramedic companies should arrive on-scene at all medical aids within ten minutes, eighty percent of the time.

Fire response times in the City were an average of seven minutes , thirty-eight seconds in 2024, which is within OCFA standards.

LAW ENFORCEMENT
The Buena Park Police Dep artment (BPPD) provides police protection services to the City. The Department operates one station at 6640 Beach Boulevard, which is open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year . As of December 2024/January 2025, t he department has 157 sworn and civilian staff members. BPPD is accredited through the Commission on Accreditation of Law Enforcement Agencies, a standard met by only 1,000 of the 18,000 law enforcement agencies in the United States. In California alone, there are approximately 600 law enforcement agencies, and BPPD is 1 of the only 16 California accredited agencies.

The BPPD dispatched over 32,600 calls for service in 2024. Response times vary according to the priority of the reported incident ; Priority 1 includes the most ser ious crimes and life -threatening situations. Average response times in January 2025 are shown below. Response times are from receipt of the service call to the arrival of the first unit on-scene. • Priority 1: Four minutes, twenty-four seconds
• Priority 2: Eleven minutes, five seconds
• Priority 3: Fourteen minutes, fifty-seven seconds

HAZARD MITIGATION
In 2017, the City developed the Buena Park Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP) in accordance with the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) and followed FEMA’s 2011 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan guidance. The City updated the LHMP in 2022 and made minor adjustments in 2024. The LHMP incorporates a process in which hazards are identified and profiled, the people and facilities at risk are analyzed, and mitigation actions are developed to reduce or eliminate hazard risk. The implementation of these mitigation actions, which include both short - and long- term strategies, involves planning, policy changes, programs, projects, and other activities. As such, the City considers the LHMP to be an essential part of this Safety Element.

7-16 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7

EVACUATION PLANNING
The vast majority of Buena Park is fully developed on a grid- style street plan. This provides multiple evacuation routes leading in various directions that residents and visitors can follow if a major escapable emergency (such as urban fire or flooding) occurs.

Buena Park General Plan Chapter 3 , Mobility, includes a discussion of road types and specifications in Buena Park. The Orange County Public Works Standard Plans specify the widths and capacities of the five types of roads present in the City.

The most notable exception to this general rule is the area around Los Coyotes Country Club in northeastern Buena Park. A web of streets crosses the suburban residential development along the western and southern flanks of this gentle rise , connecting in several places to either Beach Boulevard or Malvern Avenue. As residents in this area use these streets every day, they are likely well acquainted with alternate routes to enter or leave their neighborhoods.

The country club clubhouse itself—located on the top of a low hill—relies on a single divided two- lane road that leads a quarter-mile from the main street network to the clubhouse’s main driveway.

An eighty- unit condominium complex was completed in early 2024 across this road from the clubhouse. This would be a response concern in a high- hazard area. However, the clubhouse and residential complex are over half a mile from the nearest undeveloped land and are surrounded on three sides by a minimum of 230 feet of highly manicured, extensively irrigated lawn in the form of golf course fairways. This constitutes an excellent firebreak as well as an es cape route of last resort.

Four local dams pose a potential inundation hazard to various parts of the City south of Malvern Avenue. The extent of the possible inundation zones ranges from minimal (Fullerton Dam) to widespread (Prado Dam) (refer to Exhibit SAF -5 through Exhibit SAF-8, pages 2-2), depending on the amount of water in each impoundment at the time of the release. As noted earlier, Section 8 of the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan discusses dam failure in some depth. In 2024 t he City completed an operations plan for evacuating the Brea and Fullerton Dam inundation zones; similar plans for the remaining two dams will proceed over the next several years.

CLIMATE ADAPTATION
The changing climate conditions throughout the region have the potential to impact some of the natural hazards that affect the City of Buena Park. Some of the projected conditions include a rise in average temperatures, changes in precipitation, longer periods of drought, increase in total days of extreme heat, and changes in the size and frequency of wildfires in the region. Cal-Adapt has documented historical conditions and charted out future conditions based upon the current trends associated with climate change (refer to Exhibit SAF-10, Potential Climate Change Effects for Buena Park on page 17).

With the current trends of climate change models projecting the increase in temperature over the next century, annual mean temperatures are expected to increase between 3 and 8 degrees, which

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-17 will impact all who reside and do business within the city. The increase in mean temperature will also result in the amount of extreme heat days on average throughout the ye ar. An extreme heat day is defined as when the daily maximum temperature is over 98 degrees . The historic average number of days of extreme heat within the city is two (2) per year and this is projected to increase to a total of 11 days per year by the end of the century. The projected increase in temperature has the potential to negatively impact residents who live in poorly insulated structures and houses that do not meet current building codes.

The climate change projections also infer that the annual precipitation will slightly increase along with the expected rise in temperature. These future rain events will most likely be more intense than what is currently observed and can vary greatly between years of drought and abundance. The projected averages at the end of the centu ry are expected to range from 9.7 – 15.3 inches of rain which can lead to reduced water supply during the lows, and flooding during the highs. Increased rainfall can lead to some areas of the city that ha ve not experienced flooding in the past, to be impacted by more severe storms. This can also impact the steeper topography of the area near Los Coyotes Country Club above Malvern Avenue to introduce more instability, which could lead to landslides, mudslides, and more erosion.

The projected rise in average temperatures and increased range of rainfall projected can result in harsher conditions, leading to a higher chance of wildfires in the region. Since climate change is not an isolated hazard, but one that impacts many other hazards affecting the city, these increased temperatures can affect both water supplies as well as vegetation growth. Years that see large amounts of precipitation, followed by years of drought can lead to a spike in growth of vegetation that will dry up and be primed to burn. Since the city has a small section that is located within a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone, these zones and can be at greater risk of wildfires.

Annual Average Maximum Temperature (annual mean)
Historic (1961-1990) Future (2070-2099)

75.8 °F 78.9 – 82.0 °F
Extreme Heat Days (average per year)
Current Future (2070-2099)
1 – 3 days (2 average) 6 – 32 days (11 average)
Warm Nights (average per year)
Current Future (2070-2099)
1 – 14 nights (7 average) 19 – 58 nights (37 average)
Annual Precipitation (annual mean)
Historic (1961-1990) Future (2070-2099)

12.8 inches 9.7 – 15.3 inches
Source: https://cal-adapt.org/, 2025.

Exhibit SAF-10, Potential Climate Change Effects for Buena Park

7-18 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7

7.5 PRINCIPLES, GOALS, AND POLICIES

PRINCIPLE: SEISMIC AND GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

The City’s proximity to a number of regional faults, along with the potential for ground failure and liquefaction in some areas, present s a known risk. While seismic activity cannot be prevented, the potential for loss of life or property can be reduced through mitigation or other appropriate measures.

Goal SAF-1: Decrease in the potential risk of seismic and geologic hazards to the community.

Policy SAF-1.1: Seek to avoid or minimize seismic risk by appropriately designating land uses and adhering to current building codes.

Policy SAF-1.2: Enforce the requirements of current building codes relative to seismic design for all new development or redevelopment.

Policy SAF-1.3: Require geologic and soils reports for all new development or redevelopment, especially in identified areas of the Norwalk Fault Zone and areas with high liquefaction potential.

Policy SAF-1.4: Require appropriate mitigation measures and/or conditions of approval relative to terrain, soils, slope stability, and erosion for new development or redevelopment in order to reduce hazards.

Policy SAF-1.5: Ensure that schools, hospitals, and critical facilities, such as fire, police, or emergency service facilities, meet the standards outlined in Title 24 of the California Administrative Code.

Public safety is also addressed in the Community Facilities Element through the goals and policies related to fire and police protection services.

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-19

PRINCIPLE: FLOOD HAZARDS

There are areas in the northern portion of the City that are subject to periodic flooding problems. In addition, the City is located within the alluvial plains formed by the Santa Ana River, as well as the inundation areas of several dams. Thus, it is important to protect life and property from flood hazards.

Goal SAF-2: Provision of adequate flood protection to protect the community.

Policy SAF-2.1: Seek to provide adequate flood protection from 100- year (or other state-defined scenario) flood frequency storms.

Policy SAF-2.2: Improve defensive measures against 100- year (or other state - defined scenario) flood conditions through land use regulation and design, such a s increased pervious surfaces, onsite water capture and re-use, minimized building footprints, etc.

Policy SAF-2.3: Require that new development or redevelopment located within areas identified within a 100-year flood plain meet the requirements of the current building code and the National Flood Insurance Protection Program.

Policy SAF-2.4: Work with the Orange County Flood Control District and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles District , to ensure future flood control plans incorporate adequate seismic safety measures.

Policy SAF-2.5: Continue to implement adopted flood control programs and regulations.

Policy SAF-2.6: Continue to monitor regional flood hazard improvements in the Santa Ana River Basin area to understand impacts of 100- and 500-year storms within the City.

Policy SAF-2.7: Continue planning evacuation operations in the City’s forecasted dam inundation zones.

Policy SAF-2.8: Manage future flood risk by prioritizing the use of nature-based solutions.

7-20 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7

PRINCIPLE: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

The City will be cognizant of natural and human-caused hazards, and will maintain an adequate state of preparedness. These are two of the most effective ways to reduce the potential loss of life and property in the event of a local or regional disaster.

Goal SAF-3: A reduction in the potential for loss of life and property from natural and human-caused disasters.

Policy SAF-3.1: Strengthen coordination among and between City officials and other agencies that provide disaster response or relief services.

Policy SAF-3.2: Coordinate with local and regional jurisdictions to conduct emergency and disaster preparedness exercises to test
operational and emergency plans.

Policy SAF-3.3: Monitor alerts, warnings, and advisories issued by local, state, and federal law enforcement, intelligence, public health, and emergency management agencies, and take appropriate actions to prepare for or prevent imminent threats as required.

Policy SAF-3.4: Improve emergency preparedness and planning with a particular focus on disproportionately vulnerable populations.

PRINCIPLE: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

It is important for the City to administer appropriate safety procedures to protect the public from accidents involving the transportation, handling, and use of hazardous materials.

Goal SAF-4: Minimize the threat posed by a release of hazardous materials to public health and safety and to the environment.

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-21 Policy SAF-4.1: Strictly enforce federal , state, and local laws and regulations relating to the use, storage, and transportation of toxic, explosive, and other hazardous and extremely hazardous
materials to prevent unauthorized discharges.

Policy SAF-4.2: Periodically review and amend the appropriate ordinances that regulate the storage and handling of hazardous materials to conform to the standards and definitions of the state and other regulatory agencies.

Policy SAF-4.3: Continue to monitor the operations of businesses and individuals that handle hazardous materials using the planning and business permit processes.

Policy SAF-4.4: Periodically review the emergency plans of transportation and flammable gas/liquid distribution companies.

Policy SAF-4.5: Explore the possibility of identifying specific routes for the transport of hazardous materials.

Policy SAF-4.6: Develop an educational awareness program for residents and businesses about the dangers of hazardous materials.

Policy SAF-4.7: Maintain cooperative relationships with the chemical handlers, response agencies, and community representatives to ensure an informed and coordinated response to chemical emergencies.

PRINCIPLE: CLIMATE CHANGE AND RESILIENCY

It is important for the City to plan its responses to the effects of ongoing climate change in the region, and to try whenever possible to increase the City’s resilience to the challenging new conditions created by more extreme weather events fueled by climate change.

Goal SAF-5: Minimize the economic and physical threats posed by climate change and the attendant extreme weather and climatic events.

Policy SAF-5.1: Identify populations that will disproportionally experience the consequences of climate change.

7-22 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 Policy SAF-5.2: Address underlying health inequities for all residents, including those related to hazards such as localized air pollution, extreme heat, and flooding.

Policy SAF-5.3: Prioritize solutions towards reducing climate change risks for vulnerable populations and communities.

Policy SAF-5.4: Incorporate adaptation initiatives that provide multiple co- benefits, including reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, support for the local economy, enhancements to the natural environment, or alleviating underlying health inequities.

Policy SAF-5.5: Incorporate inclusive decision making in climate -adaptation planning efforts.

Policy SAF-5.6: Promote the integration of economic development and climate adaptation to provide sustainable benefits.

Policy SAF-5.7: Leverage land use planning to reduce exposure to climate hazards.

Policy SAF-5.8: Design and implement nature -base projects and green infrastructure to protect and enhance the adaptive capacity of natural resources and urban environments.

Policy SAF-5.9: Consider short- and long- term actions in the capital improvement program which would promote resilience of
physical infrastructure to climate change impacts.

Policy SAF-5.10: Prioritize efforts to restore residents ’ access to basic services such as electricity, gas, water, sewage treatment, public transportation, telephone lines, and wireless communication during and after climate hazard events.

Policy SAF-5.11: Align public infrastructure and investment decisions w ith the Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.

Policy SAF-5.12: Participate in regional planning efforts related to climate change adaptation.

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-23

PRINCIPLE: FIRE PROTECTION

With the constant changes to the built environment and how it interacts with the urban-wildlife interface, Buena Park strives to increase fire safety. The City acknowledges the importance of coordinating with the Orange County Fire Authority (OCFA) to ensure the community’s fire protection needs are adequately met.

Goal SAF-6: Decrease wildfire hazards to the community.

Policy SAF-6.1: Minimize new residential development within a VHFHSZ unless fire protection plans are submitted to harden structures against possible wildfires.

Policy SAF-6.2: Place all new essential public facilities outside of any VHFHSZ, unless infeasible.

Policy SAF-6.3: Enforce City and State building and fire codes within the VHFHSZ, and incorporate new techniques and best practices as they become available to reduce future risks to all ne w development or redevelopment within a VHFHSZ.

Policy SAF-6.4: Require appropriate mitigation measures and/or conditions of approval relative to areas of varying fire hazard severity based upon the proximity of terrain, soils, slope stability, and erosion for new development or redevelopment in order to reduce hazards.

Policy SAF-6.5: Ensure existing access points to open space areas within a VHFHSZ are maintained for fire suppression with respect to roadway widths, obstructions, and other criteria.

Policy SAF-6.6: Continue to leverage the City’s fire service provider’s review of new development to ensure development complies with any fuel modification requirements, creation of defensible space, and habitat restoration by replacing invasive and fire -susceptible plants with indigenous species, thus reducing baseline fire risk in the City’s VHFHSZ and elsewhere as applicable.

7-24 2025 revision Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 Policy SAF-6.7: Work with the City’s fire service provider and surrounding jurisdictions that are subject to the continuous VHFHSZ that may impact the City to coordinate vegetation management strategies and wildfire hazard protection and prevention services.

Policy SAF-6.8: Maintain a weed abatement program to ensure clearing of dry brush areas.

Policy SAF-6.9: Provide for the long-term maintenance of fire hazard reduction projects and activities, such as fuel clearing and vegetation management, with the City administering these activities on public lands and working with fire protection agencies and landowners to ensure maintenance of privately held parcels.

Policy SAF-6.10: Following major wildfire events, reevaluate development standards and current building codes for new development or redevelopment in order to reduce hazards for the VHFHSZ and apply stricter standards for redevelopment as needed to maintain high levels of wildfire protection.

Policy SAF-6.11: The City will continue to work with property owners on street and building addressing as required in the Municipal Code and California Building Code. Street signage shall follow the latest edition of the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices.

Policy SAF-6.12: The City shall identify re sidential developments within VHFHSZ areas lacking at least two available and identified emergency evacuation routes, and recommend appropriate
improvements to enhance evacuation capacity and safety.

Policy SAF-6.13: Proposed developments within a VHFHSZ shall be located in areas with a min imum of two distinct and reliable ingress and egress routes.

Policy SAF-6.14: Public roads within a VHFHSZ that do not meet current roadway width and fire access standards shall be evaluated and improved, where feasible, to enhance emergency access and ev acuation.

Hazardous vegetation conditions shall be mitigated in
accordance with applicable defensible space and vegetation management regulations.

Buena Park General Plan • Chapter 7 2025 revision 7-25 Policy SAF-6.15: For proposed new development located within a VHFHSZ, require upkeep of landscaped areas as per OCFA standards detailed in Vegetation Management Guideline: Technical Design for New Construction Fuel Modification Plans and Maintenance Program.

Policy SAF-6.16: New development within a VHFHSZ shall be designed to ensure adequate and reliable ingress and egress for emergency response and evacuation, with multiple access points where feasible, consistent with California Fire Code.

Policy SAF-6.17: Residential development within a VHFHSZ shall be designed to provide multiple unobstructed evacuation routes with sufficient capacity to support community evacuation while maintaining emergency responder access.

Policy SAF-6.18: The City shall conduct periodic assessments of residential areas within all VHFHSZ to identify deficiencies in access and evacuation routes, and shall develop and prioritize mitigation measures and capital improvement plans to enhance emergency egress and emergency responder access where feasible.

Policy SAF-6.19: Maintain educational programs and continue public outreach efforts to all members of the community pertaining to defensible space and evacuation routes.

Policy SAF-6.20: The City will continue to update and follow best practices for fire safety such as vegetative clearance maintenance of all roads and community fire breaks, as adopted in Ordinance 1713.

Policy SAF-6.21: The City shall continue to work with OCFA to ensure the highest level of fire-fighting and emergency service training to current and best practices.

Resolution No.

General Plan Amendment No. GP-25-3
September 23, 2025

EXHIBIT B

Initial Study/Negative Declaration

DRAFT

Initial Study/Negative Declaration
City of Buena Park Climate
Action and Adaptation Plan
and General Plan Safety
Element Update
JULY 2025
Prepared for:

CITY OF BUENA PARK
6650 Beach Boulevard
Buena Park, California 90621
Contact: Lotus Thai
Prepared by:

27271 Las Ramblas, Suite 340
Mission Viejo, California 92691
Contact: Brian Grattidge

Printed on 30% post-consumer recycled material.

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Table of Contents

SECTION PAGE
Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................ iii 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Project Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 California Environmental Quality Act Compliance ................................................................................ 1

1.3 Project Planning Setting ......................................................................................................................... 2

1.4 Public Review Process ........................................................................................................................... 7 2 Project Description ............................................................................................................................................... 9

2.1 Project Location ...................................................................................................................................... 9

2.2 Environmental Setting ............................................................................................................................ 9

2.3 Climate Action and Adaptation Plan ................................................................................................... 14

2.4 Safety Element Update ....................................................................................................................... 27

2.5 Environmental Review Context ........................................................................................................... 31

2.6 General Plan Designation and Zoning ................................................................................................ 31

2.7 Project Approvals ................................................................................................................................. 32 3 Initial Study Checklist........................................................................................................................................ 33

3.1 Aesthetics ............................................................................................................................................ 36

3.2 Agriculture and Forestry Resources ................................................................................................... 39

3.3 Air Quality ............................................................................................................................................. 41

3.4 Biological Resources ........................................................................................................................... 48

3.5 Cultural Resources .............................................................................................................................. 52

3.6 Energy .................................................................................................................................................. 55

3.7 Geology and Soils ................................................................................................................................ 56

3.8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions ................................................................................................................ 61

3.9 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ..................................................................................................... 65

3.10 Hydrology and Water Quality ............................................................................................................... 70

3.11 Land Use and Planning ....................................................................................................................... 74

3.12 Mineral Resources .............................................................................................................................. 76

3.13 Noise .................................................................................................................................................... 77

3.14 Population and Housing ...................................................................................................................... 83

3.15 Public Services .................................................................................................................................... 85

3.16 Recreation ............................................................................................................................................ 86

3.17 Transportation ..................................................................................................................................... 87

3.18 Tribal Cultural Resources .................................................................................................................... 89

3.19 Utilities and Service Systems .............................................................................................................. 91

CITY OF BUENA PARK CLIMATE ACTION AND ADAPTATION PLAN AND GENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT

UPDATE / INITIAL STUDY/NEGATIVE DECLARATION
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3.20 Wildfire ................................................................................................................................................. 93

3.21 Mandatory Findings of Significance ................................................................................................... 96 4 References and Preparers ................................................................................................................................ 99

4.1 References Cited ................................................................................................................................. 99

4.2 List of Preparers ................................................................................................................................ 101

FIGURES
1 Regional Location ................................................................................................................................................ 3 2 Plan Location ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 TABLES
2-1 2023 Community-Wide Baseline Inventory ..................................................................................................... 15 2-2 2023 Municipal Baseline Inventory ................................................................................................................. 16 2-3 Community-Wide 2030 and 2045 BAU and ABAU Emissions, Reduction Targets, and Local Gap ............. 17 2-4 Municipal 2030 and 2045 BAU and ABAU Emissions, Reduction Targets, and Local Gap ......................... 17 2-5 CAAP Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions ............................................................................................ 21 2-6 GPSE Principles, Goals, and Policies ............................................................................................................... 27

3.5-1 Buena Park Historical Resources ..................................................................................................................... 52

3.9-1 Hazardous Material Release Sites Within the City .......................................................................................... 66

3.13-1 Typical Exterior and Interior Sound Levels in the Environment ...................................................................... 77

3.13-2 City of Buena Park Exterior and Interior Noise Limits ..................................................................................... 81

EXHIBITS
1 Community-wide ABAU Emissions. ................................................................................................................... 18 2 Community-wide Reduction Targets and Local Gap. ...................................................................................... 18 3 Municipal ABAU Emissions. .............................................................................................................................. 19 4 Municipal Reduction Targets and Local Gap. .................................................................................................. 19

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Acronyms and Abbreviations
Acronym/Abbreviation Definition
AB Assembly Bill
ABAU adjusted business-as-usual
AELUP Airport Environs Land Use Plan
AQMP Air Quality Management Plan
BAAD Bay Area Air District
BAU business-as-usual
BMP best management practice
BPMC Buena Park Municipal Code
BPPD Buena Park Police Department
CAAP City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan CAAQS California Ambient Air Quality Standards
CAL FIRE California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection CALGreen California Green Building Standards
Caltrans California Department of Transportation
CARB California Air Resources Board
CDFW California Department of Fish and Wildlife
CEC California Energy Commission
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CESA California Endangered Species Act
CFGC California Fish and Game Code
City City of Buena Park
CNEL Community Noise Equivalent Level
CO carbon monoxide
CO2 carbon dioxide
Co2e carbon dioxide equivalent
DAMP Drainage Area Management Plan
dB decibels
dBA A-weighted decibel
DOC California Department of Conservation
DPM diesel particulate matter
EO Executive Order
EOP Emergency Operations Plan
EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
EV electric vehicle
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FESA federal Endangered Species Act
FHSZ Fire Hazard Severity Zone
FMMP Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program
GHG greenhouse gas
GPSE City of Buena Park General Plan Safety Element Update HCP Habitat Conservation Plan

CITY OF BUENA PARK CLIMATE ACTION AND ADAPTATION PLAN AND GENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT

UPDATE / INITIAL STUDY/NEGATIVE DECLARATION
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Acronym/Abbreviation Definition
I Interstate
IS initial study
LCI Governor’s Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation Ldn day–night average noise level
Leq equivalent noise level over a given period
LST localized significant threshold
MBTA Migratory Bird Treaty Act
MS4 Municipal Separate Storm Water Sewer System
MT metric tons
NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards
NAHC Native American Heritage Commission
NCCP Natural Communities Conservation Plan
ND negative declaration
NO2 nitrogen dioxide
NOx oxides of nitrogen
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
O3 ozone
OCFA Orange County Fire Authority
OCPA Orange County Power Authority
PM10 particulate matter equal to or less than 10 microns in aerodynamic diameter PM2.5 particulate matter equal to or less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter ppm parts per million
PPV peak particle velocity
PRC Public Resources Code
PV photovoltaic
RMS root-mean-square
ROG reactive organic gas
RTP Regional Transportation Plan
Santa Ana RWQCB Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board SB Senate Bill
SCAB South Coast Air Basin
SCAG Southern California Association of Governments
SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District
SCE Southern California Edison
SCS Sustainable Communities Strategy
SO2 sulfur dioxide
SoCalGas Southern California Gas Company
SR State Route
SWPPP Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan
TAC toxic air contaminant
VdB vibration decibels
VMT vehicle miles traveled

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1 Introduction

1.1 Project Overview
The City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan (CAAP) and the City of Buena Park General Plan Safety Element Update (GPSE), herein referred to as the CAAP and GPSE, establish a comprehensive road map to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the City of Buena Park (City) while also increasing resilience to the impacts of climate change, as well as reducing the potential for short - and long-term hazard risks. The proposed CAAP and GPSE do not authorize the development of any specific development or infrastructure project.

The CAAP comprehensively analyzes and programmatically addresses the City’s GHG impacts and is considered a qualified GHG emission reduction plan for the purpose of meeting the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The GPSE is a required element in General Plans and , per Senate Bill (SB) 379, is required to include a climate change vulnerability assessment, measures to address vulnerabilities, and comprehensive hazard mitigation and emergency response strategy. Accordingly, the GP SE was updated to synergize the efforts of the CAAP and consistently guide the City in preparing the community for a changing climate among other hazards.

Climate change is a global emergency that requires coordinated efforts and cooperation across all levels of governance. Recognizing this, the City is proactively preparing its first CAAP , building on existing sustainability efforts. At the state level, California’s climate action framework has been established through a series of Executive Orders (EOs) and adopted Assembly Bills (ABs) and SBs. The key legislation related to the State’s GHG reduction goals and the CAAP include SB 32 in 2016, which codified the State’s goal to reduce GHG emissions to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030, and AB 1279 in 2022, which codified the goal to achieve net-zero GHG emissions as soon as possible, but no later than 2045, and achieve and maintain net -negative GHG emissions thereafter. SB 32 also added the goal to reduce statewide anthropogenic GHG emissions to at least 85% below 1990 levels by 2045. The CAAP is designed to support the State in meeting its GHG reduction goals established in SB 32 and AB 1279 and, together with the GPSE, also prepares the community for the adverse effects of climate change.

1.2 California Environmental Quality Act Compliance
CEQA applies to projects carried out, funded or approved by State or local government agencies. The CAAP and GPSE constitute a project as defined by CEQA (California Public Resources Code [PRC] Section 21000 et seq.).

State CEQA Guidelines Section 15367 states that a “Lead Agency” is “the public agency which has the principal responsibility for carrying out or approving a project.” Therefore, the City of Buena Park is the lead agency responsible for compliance with CEQA for the CAAP and GPSE.

CITY OF BUENA PARK CLIMATE ACTION AND ADAPTATION PLAN AND GENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT

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As lead agency for the proposed project, the City has prepared an initial study (IS) to determine if implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would result in significant adverse environmental impacts. The proposed CAAP and GPSE would not authorize development proposals and therefore would not directly result in physical environmental effects because of the construction or operation of facilities. However, as the project would encourage development of certain land uses and development patterns, the indirect effects of plan approval and implementation must be considered. Based on the results of the IS, this proposed negative declaration (ND) has been prepared. CEQA Guidelines Section 15070 states that an ND can be prepared when:
(a) the initial study shows that there is not substantial evidence, in light of the whole record before the agency, that the project may have a significant effect on the environment, or (b) the initial study identifies potentially significant effects, but (1) revisions in the project plans or proposals made by, or agreed to by the applicant, before a proposed mitigated negative declaration and initial study are released for public review would avoid the effects or mitigate the effects to a point where clearly no significant effects would occur; and (2) there is no substantial evidence, in light of the whole record before the agency, that the project as revised may have a significant effect on the environment.

1.3 Project Planning Setting
The Buena Park CAAP and GPSE apply to all areas, plans, and projects within City limits. Figure 1 shows the regional location and Figure 2 shows the plan location.

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Date: 4/24/2025 User: cgardner Path: Z:\Projects\j1568601\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\IS\BuenaParkCAAP_IS.aprx Map: Regional Location Layout: Figure 1 Regional Location San Francisco
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Project Location
SOURCE: Esri World Oceans Base
City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan and General Plan Safety Element Update Regional Location
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CITY OF BUENA PARK CLIMATE ACTION AND ADAPTATION PLAN AND GENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT

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Date: 4/24/2025 User: cgardner Path: Z:\Projects\j1568601\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\IS\BuenaParkCAAP_IS.aprx Map: Figure 2 Plan Location Layout: Figure 2 Plan Location SOURCE: Bing Maps 2025
City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan and General Plan Safety Element Update Plan Location
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1.4 Public Review Process
The proposed IS/ND shall be circulated for a public review period of at least 30 days. The review period is identified in the Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration . The Notice of Intent includes where to submit written or electronic comments on the proposed IS/ND.

In reviewing the IS/ND, affected public agencies and the interested public should focus on the sufficiency of the document in identifying and analyzing the possible impacts on the environment, as well as the ways in which the significant effects of the CAAP and GPSE are proposed to be avoided or mitigated.

Following the public review period, prior to taking action on the CAAP and GPSE, the City shall consider the proposed IS/ND together with any comments received during the public review process. The City shall adopt the proposed IS/ND if it finds on the basis of the whole record before it that there is no substant ial evidence that the CAAP and GPSE will have a significant effect on the environment and that the IS/ND reflects the City’s independent judgment and analysis.

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2 Project Description

2.1 Project Location
The CAAP and GPSE , respectively, apply to all areas, plans, and projects within the City. The City comprise s

10.29 square miles located in the northwestern portion of Orange County, southeast of the Los Angeles County line.

Surrounding cities include La Mirada to the north, Anaheim to the south and east, Fullerton to the east, La Palma and Cerritos to the west, and Cypress to the west and south. Regional access to the City is provided by the Artesia Freeway/State Route (SR) 91 and the Santa Ana Freeway/Interstate (I) 5. The City’s population is 83,884.

The City’s approximately 6,751.90 acres is mostly built out, with only 117.69 acres (1.74 %) of vacant land remaining. Existing land uses within the City include 24,705 dwelling units and 18,014,425 square feet of non-residential uses. Single -family residential uses represent the largest land use within the City at 35.01%.

Multifamily residential uses comprise 8.89%, commercial uses comprise 9.24%, and industrial uses comprise

11.46% of the City . Smaller percentages of the City include office, flood control, public use, lake, open space, railroad, school, tourist entertainment, utility, and right-of-way (City of Buena Park 2010b).

The CAAP and GPSE are discussed separately below in Sections 2.3 and 2.4. The GPSE policies were considered in development of the CAAP actions, specifically related to adaptation actions , and the GPSE incorporates the CAAP to align with City policies.

2.2 Environmental Setting
Existing Sustainability Setting
Buena Park is among the leaders in sustainability in Orange County. In 2022, Buena Park became the first member of the Orange County Power Authority (OCPA) to choose 100% renewable energy as the default option for residential and commercial customers. Under this program, residents and businesses receive all their energy from renewable sources unless they select a lower tier or opt out of OCPA services. Community Choice Energy, such as OCPA, helps to not only reduce GHG emissions but also builds and funds ne w renewable energy projects, supports the local workforce, and promotes long-term rate stability and energy reliability.

In 2023, the City established the Office of Sustainability to further existing actions and coordinate efforts to improve sustainability and address climate change. The City’s Office of Sustainability has many functions extending beyond climate change, but this CAAP is a major steppingstone for City sustainability actions moving forward. In addition, the City’s Climate Action Commission was created by the City Council in 2023 to provide guidance to the City Council on Citywide sustainability initiatives.

Climate action and adaptation issues have also been addressed indirectly through existing City plans, including the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (2022), Urban Water Management Plan (2020), Active Transportation Plan (2024), Emergency Operations Plan (2021) , Urban Forest Management Plan (2010), and 2035 General Plan (2010).

Several plans outline hazard vulnerabilities and offer strategies.

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Regional and State Greenhouse Gas Reduction Efforts
Connect SoCal
California’s 18 Metropolitan Planning Organizations have been tasked with creating Sustainable Communities Strategies (SCSs) to reduce the region’s vehicle miles traveled (VMT) to help meet AB 32 and other statewide GHG targets through integrated transportation, land use, housing, and environmental planning. The Regional Transportation Plan (RTP)/SCSs do not require that local General Plans, Specific Plans, or zoning be consistent with it but provide incentives for consistency for governments and developers.

Connect SoCal 2024 is the RTP/SCS for the Southern California region that encompasses the City of Buena Park.

State Efforts
Climate Change Targets
The State has taken a number of actions to address climate change. These include EOs, legislation, and California Air Resources Board (CARB) plans and requirements.

EO S-3-05. EO S-3-05 (June 2005) established the following statewide goals: GHG emissions should be reduced to 2000 levels by 2010, to 1990 levels by 2020, and to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050.

AB 32. In furtherance of the goals established in EO S -3-05, the legislature enacted AB 32 (Núñez and Pavley).

AB 32 provided initial direction on creating a comprehensive multiyear program to limit California’s GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 and initiate the transformations required to achieve the State’s long -range climate objectives.

SB 32. SB 32 and AB 197 (enacted in 2016) are companion bills that set a new statewide GHG reduction target, make changes to CARB’s membership, increase legislative oversight of CARB’s climate change -based activities, and expand dissemination of GHG and other ai r-quality-related emissions data to enhance transparency and accountability. More specifically, SB 32 codified the 2030 emissions reduction goal by requiring CARB to ensure that statewide GHG emissions are reduced to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030.

AB 1279. The legislature enacted AB 1279, the California Climate Crisis Act, in September 2022. The bill declares the policy of the State to achieve net-zero GHG emissions as soon as possible, but no later than 2045, and achieve and maintain net -negative GHG emissions thereafter. Additionally, the bill requires that by 2045, statewide anthropogenic GHG emissions be reduced to at least 85% below 1990 levels. Although AB 1279 establishes an overall policy to achieve net-zero GHG emissions as soon as possible, but no later than 2045, recognizing the need to implement carbon dioxide (CO2) removal and carbon capture, utilization, and storage technologies, the legislature established a specific target of 85% below 1990 levels by 2045 for anthropogenic GHG emissions.

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CARB’s Climate Change Scoping Plan
One specific requirement of AB 32 was for CARB to prepare a scoping plan for achieving the maximum technologically feasible and cost -effective GHG emission reductions by 2020 (Health and Safety Code Section 38561[a]), and to update the plan at least once every 5 years. In 2008, CARB approved the first scoping plan. The Climate Change Scoping Plan: A Framework for Change (Scoping Plan) included a mix of recommended strategies to meet the 2020 statewide GHG emissions limit and initiate the transformations nee ded to achieve the State’s long-range climate objectives (CARB 2008).

The Scoping Plan also identified local governments as essential partners in achieving California’s goals to reduce GHG emissions. Specifically, the Scoping Plan encouraged local governments to adopt a reduction goal for municipal operations, and for community emissions to reduce GHGs by approximately 15% from then levels (2008) by 2020. Many local governments developed community -scale local GHG reduction plans based on this Scoping Plan recommendation.

In 2014, CARB approved the first update to the Scoping Plan. The First Update to the Climate Change Scoping Plan:

Building on the Framework (First Update) defined the State’s GHG emission reduction priorities for the next 5 years and laid the groundwork to start the transition to the post -2020 goals. The First Update concluded that California is on track to meet the 2020 target but recommended a 2030 mid -term GHG reduction target be established to ensure a continuum of action to reduce emissions. CARB recalculated the State’s 1990 emissions level, using more recent global warming potentials identified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , from 427 million metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) to 431 million metric tons CO2e (CARB 2014).

In December 2017, CARB adopted California’s 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan (2017 Scoping Plan) for public review and comment (CARB 2017). The 2017 Scoping Plan builds on the successful framework established in the initial Scoping Plan and First Update while identifying new, technologically feasible , and cost-effective strategies that will serve as the framework to achieve the 2030 GHG target as established by SB 32 and define the State’s climate change priorities to 2030 and beyond.

CARB adopted the 2022 Scoping Plan Update in December 2022, which outlines the State’s plan to reach carbon neutrality by 2045 or earlier, while also assessing the progress the State is making toward reducing GHG emissions by at least 40% below 1990 levels by 2030, as is required by SB 32 and laid out in the Second Update. The carbon neutrality goal requires CARB to expand proposed actions from only the reduction of anthropogenic sources of GHG emissions to also include those that capture and store carbon ( e.g., through natural and working lands, or mechanical technologies). The carbon reduction programs build on and accelerate those currently in place, including moving to zero-emission transportation; phasing out use of fossil gas use for heating homes and buildings; reducing chemical and refrigerants with high global warming potential ; providing communities with sustainable options for walking, biking, and public transit; displac ing fossil-fuel fired electrical generation through use of renewable energy alt ernatives (e.g., solar arrays and wind turbines); and scaling up new options such as green hydrogen (CARB 2022).

The 2022 Scoping Plan also emphasizes that there is no realistic path to carbon neutrality without carbon removal and sequestration, and to achieve the State’s carbon neutrality goal, carbon reduction programs must be supplemented by strategies to remove and sequester carbon.

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Energy
Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations. Title 24 of the CCR was established in 1978 and serves to enhance and regulate California’s building standards. Although not initially promulgated to reduce GHG emissions, Part 6 of Title 24 specifically established building energy efficiency standards that are designed to ensure new and existing buildings in California achieve energy efficiency and preserve outdoor and indoor environmental quality.

The Building Standards Commission and California Ener gy Commission (CEC) review these energy efficiency standards every few years and revise them if necessary (California PRC Section 25402[b][1]). The regulations receive input from members of industry and the public, with the goal of “reducing of wasteful, u neconomic, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy” (California PRC Section 25402). These regulations are carefully scrutinized and analyzed for technological and economic feasibility (California PRC Section 25402[d]) and cost effectiveness (California PRC Sections 25402[b][2] and [b][3]). As a result, these standards save energy, increase electricity supply reliability, increase indoor comfort, avoid the need to construct new power plants, and help preserve the environment.

The 2022 Title 24 standards are the currently applicable building energy efficiency standards and became effective on January 1, 2023. The 2025 Title 24 building energy efficiency standards were adopted in September 2024 and will become effective on January 1, 2026. The Title 24 standards are updated on a 3-year cycle and continue to increase energy efficiencies to reduce wasteful, uneconomical, and unnecessary uses of energy for the State.

Title 24, Part 11 of the California Code of Regulations. In addition to the CEC’s efforts, in 2008, the California Building Standards Commission adopted the nation’s first green building standards. The California Green Building Standards Code (Part 11 of Title 24) is commonly referred to as CALGreen and establis hes minimum mandatory standards and voluntary standards pertaining to the planning and design of sustainable site development, energy efficiency (in excess of the California Energy Code requirements) , water conservation, material conservation, and interior air quality. The CALGreen 2022 standards, which are the current standards, became effective on January 1, 2023.

Title 20 of the California Code of Regulations. Title 20 of the CCR requires manufacturers of appliances to meet state and federal standards for energy and water efficiency. Performance of appliances must be certified through the CEC to demonstrate compliance with standards.

Transportation
State Vehicle Standards (AB 1493 and EO B-16-12). AB 1493 (2002) was enacted in response to the transportation sector accounting for more than one-half of California’s CO2 emissions. AB 1493 required CARB to set GHG emission standards for passenger vehicles, light-duty trucks, and other vehicles determined to be vehicles that are primarily used for noncommercial personal transportation in the state. AB 1493 required that CARB set GHG emission standards for motor vehicles manufactured in 2009 and all subsequent model years. CARB adopted the standards in September 2004. EO B -16-12 (2012) required that State entities under the governor’s direction and control support and facilitate the rapid commercialization of zero -emission vehicles. It ordered CARB, CEC, the California Public Utilities Commission, and other relevant agencies to work with the Plug-In Electric Vehicle Collaborative and the California Fuel Cell Partnership to establish benchmarks to help achieve goals by 2015, 2020, and 2025. On a statewide basi s, EO B -16-12 established a target reduction of GHG emissions from the transportation sector equaling 80% less than 1990 levels by 2050. This directive did not apply to vehicles that have special performance requirements necessary for the protection of public safety and welfare.

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SB 375. SB 375 (2008) addresses GHG emissions associated with the transportation sector through regional transportation and sustainability plans. SB 375 required CARB to adopt regional GHG reduction targets for the automobile and light -truck sector for 2020 and 2 035. Regional metropolitan planning organizations were then responsible for preparing a n SCS within their RTP. The goal of the SCS is to establish a forecasted development pattern for the region that, after considering transportation measures and po licies, would achieve, if feasible, the GHG reduction targets.

Advanced Clean Trucks Regulation. The purpose of the Advanced Clean Trucks Regulation (2020) is to accelerate the market for zero-emission vehicles in the medium- and heavy-duty truck sector and to reduce emissions of oxides of nitrogen, fine particulate matter, toxic air contaminants (TACs), GHGs, and other criteria pollutants generated from on -road mobile sources (CARB 2024). Requiring medium - and heavy -duty vehicles to transition to zero - emission technology will reduce health risks to people living in and visiting California and is needed to help California meet established near- and long-term air quality and climate mitigation targets.

EO S-1-07. EO S-1-07 (2007, amended 2009, re-adopted 2015, amended 2018, amended 2024) sets a declining Low Carbon Fuel Standard for GHG emissions measured in CO 2e grams per unit of fuel energy sold in California.

The targets of the Low Carbon Fuel Standard are to reduce the carbon intensity of California passenger vehicle fuels by at least 10% by 2020, 30% by 2030 , and 90% by 2045. The carbon intensity measures the amount of GHG emissions in the lifecycle of a fuel—including extraction/feedstock production, processing, transportation, and final consumption—per unit of energy delivered.

Safety and Adaptation
SB 379 and California Government Code 65302. California Government Code Section 65302(g) includes the requirements that should be addressed in a community ’s General Plan safety element. These requirements are organized into nine subsections (65302[g][1] through 65302[g][9]), which are summarized below:
▪ 65302(g)(1) identifies the primary hazards/issues that should be included in the safety element, which include seismically induced surface rupture, ground shaking, ground failure, slope instability leading to mudslides and landslides, tsunami, seiche, dam failure, flooding, subsidence, liquefaction, other geologic hazards, wildland and urban fires, evacuation routes, military installations, peak -load water supply requirements, and minimum road widths and clearances around structures, as those items relate t o identified fire and geologic hazards.
▪ 65302(g)(2), adopted through AB 162 (2007) , identifies the requirements to update floodplain mapping and information.
▪ 65302(g)(3), adopted through SB 1241 (2012), identifies the requirements for updating wildfire mapping, information, and goals and policies to address wildfire hazards. ▪ 65302(g)(4), adopted through SB 379 (2015), identifies the requirements for updating the safety element to address potential impacts associated with climate change and potential strategies to adapt/mitigate these hazards.
▪ 65302(g)(5), adopted through SB 99 (2019) , requires identification of specified evacuation constraints associated with residential developments.
▪ 65302(g)(6), adopted through SB 1035 (2018) , requires review, and possible revision, of the safety element every time the housing element or local hazard mitigation plan is updated (but not less than eight years) with regard to current information regarding flood and fire hazards and climate adaptation and resiliency strategies.

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▪ 65302(g)(7) allows for the incorporation of a floodplain management ordinance into the safety element. ▪ 65302(g)(8) requires consultation with the California Geological Survey, California Office of Emergency Services, and Central Valley Flood Protection Board, when applicable. ▪ 65302(g)(9) allows cities to adopt a County Safety Element if adequate detail is provided to address city - level concerns.

SB 379 (2015) amended Government Code Section 65302 to require cities to adopt comprehensive, long -term General Plans that address environmental risks. To elaborate on relevant portions of Subsection 4, Section 65302 includes the following requirements:
▪ Vulnerability Assessment (Government Code Section 65302[g][4][A ]): Create a vulnerability assessment that identifies both the risks posed by climate change, including flood and wildfire, and the geographic areas at risk.
▪ Goals, Policies and Objectives (Government Code Section 65302[g][4][B]): Create adaptation and resilience goals, policies, and objectives based on this vulnerability assessment. ▪ Climate Change – Feasible Mitigation (Government Code Section 65302[g][4][C]): Create a set of feasible implementation measures designed to carry out these goals, policies, and objectives.

2.3 Climate Action and Adaptation Plan
Purpose and Objectives
The CAAP serves as the City’s strategic plan to reduce GHG emissions and to adapt to effects brought onto the City by climate change. The CAAP builds on recent City actions to mitigate climate impacts and will serve as a road map for the City to achieve carbon neutrality, improve environmental sustainability, and create a climate -resilient city.

The key components of the Buena Park CAAP include the following:
▪ An inventory of the City’s current GHG emissions from both the community and municipal governmen t to understand existing and future GHG emissions, as well as the GHG emission reductions necessary to meet goals
▪ An evaluation of the City’s vulnerability to climate hazards to understand priorities for protecting the community and the most vulnerable populations from reasonably foreseeable climate hazards ▪ A thorough community engagement strategy to understand barriers to implementation and community feedback
▪ Tailored opportunity areas, measures, and actions to meet the City’s GHG reduction and adaptation goals ▪ An implementation and monitoring framework, including metrics to track ongoing progress, to ensure the City is on track to accomplish its CAAP goals
As the CAAP comprehensively analyzes and programmatically addresses the City’s GHG impacts, it is a “qualified” GHG emission reduction plan per CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5. Accordingly, the CAAP can be used for tiering and streamlining future land use development projects subject to CEQA. To aid in streamlining future CEQA GHG emissions analyses, the CAAP includes a compliance checklist for new development.

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A CAAP Consistency Review Checklist will be developed to provide a streamlined review process for proposed new development projects that are subject to discretionary review and trigger environmental review pursuant to CEQA.

Background
Before developing measures and actions to accomplish the City’s CAAP goals, the City undertook multiple initiatives to understand the current state of Buena Park. This foundational research, assessment, and outreach are included as chapters in the CAAP, and are summarized briefly below.

Outreach and Engagement
Community outreach has been a vital part of developing the CAAP, with residents and business owners playing an essential role in providing valuable feedback throughout the planning process. The community’s strong interest and commitment to sustainability helped shape a CAAP that reflects the unique needs and priorities of Buena Park. The outreach process was multipronged and multil ingual to engage Buena Park’s diverse community. The outreach process prioritized inclusive and accessible engagement opportunit ies, offering a variety of tools, convenient options, and touchpoints for participation. Outreach methods and events included in-person pop-ups/tabling, social media polls, online surveys, commission and committee presentations, community meetings, and vir tual office hours. In addition, the Buena Park SustainabuddiesTM was created to help educate the community on environmental sustainability and programs.

Climate Action
The background climate action evaluation include s a baseline GHG e missions inventory, forecasts for future emissions, establishing GHG reduction targets, and estimating the local GHG emissions gap. GHGs are gases that absorb infrared radiation (i.e., trap heat) in the earth’s atmosphere. Principal GHGs evaluated in the CAAP include CO2, methane, and nitrous oxide.

The CAAP includes two GHG emissions inventories—community-wide and municipal—as described below:
▪ Community-Wide Inventory: All GHG emissions generated within the City’s direct or indirect jurisdiction constitute the community -wide inventory. This includes all the GHG emissions that result from activities associated with residents, businesses, tourists, visitors, and other community sources. ▪ Municipal Inventory: The municipal inventory is limited to emissions generated by City -owned operations.

Examples of these sources include wastewater treatment, City vehicle fleet, and City buildings and facilities.

By establishing a municipal inventory, the City can identify its own footprint and better lead the emission- reduction effort by example.

Table 2-1 provides a summary of the City’s community -wide GHG emissions inventory for baseline year 2023 by sector.

Table 2-1. 2023 Community-Wide Baseline Inventory
Sector MT CO 2e Percent of Total
On-Road Transportation 277,347 51%
Energy 234,466 44%

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Table 2-1. 2023 Community-Wide Baseline Inventory
Sector MT CO 2e Percent of Total
Water 271 <1%
Wastewater 3,612 1%
Solid Waste 9,212 2%
Off-Road Equipment 14,023 3%
Total 538,932 100%
Notes: MT CO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.

Percentage may not total due to rounding.

Table 2-2 provides a summary of the City’s municipal GHG emissions inventory for baseline year 2023 by sector.

Table 2-2. 2023 Municipal Baseline Inventory
Sector MT CO 2e Percent of Total
On-Road Transportation 3,739 53%
Energy 3,261 46%
Water <1 <1%
Wastewater 3 <1%
Solid Waste 53 1%
Off-Road Equipment 12 <1%
Total 7,068 100%
Notes: MT CO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.

Percentage may not total due to rounding.

Projecting future GHG emissions allows the City to understand how emissions, both community-wide and municipal, are expected to change in the future. GHG emissions are forecasted using two scenarios: (1) a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario; and (2) an adjusted business-as-usual (ABAU) scenario. The BAU and ABAU projections are both based on the demographic trends discussed in the following section to reflect anticipated growth in the City. The BAU scenario describes emissions based on projected growth in pop ulation, employment, and other factors and does not consider policies that would reduce GHG emissions in the future. The ABAU scenario describes emissions based on projected growth and considers policies that will achieve GHG reductions in the future (i.e., assumes federal- and State-mandated GHG emission reduction measures would be implemented by the projected forecast year). The City’s community-wide and municipal BAU and ABAU GHG emissions forecasts for future years 2030 and 2045 are outlined in Tables 2-3 and 2-4, respectively.

As discussed above, the City’s CAAP is developed to align with the goals of SB 32 and AB 1279 for future years 2030 and 2045, respectively. Tables 2-3 and 2-4 outline the City’s community-wide and municipal GHG reduction targets, which were estimated using the percentage reductions calculated from the adjusted CARB statewide inventory and Scoping Plan Scenario projections in Table 2-2. Given that the Scoping Plan Scenario projections were modeled to demonstrate achievement of the relevant future State legislative targets for 2030 and 2045, aligning the City of Buena Park reduction targets with these adjusted percentages will ensure that the City is doing its fair share in helping the State reach its SB 32 and AB 1279 reduction goals.

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Tables 2-3 and 2-4 compare the City’s GHG reduction targets to the ABAU emissions projections for community - wide and municipal, respectively, along with the remaining GHG reductions needed to meet targets, referred to as the “local gap.”
Table 2-3. Community-Wide 2030 and 2045 BAU and ABAU Emissions, Reduction Targets, and Local Gap
Sector
GHG Emissions (MT CO 2e)
2030 2045
BAU 555,682 588,979
ABAU 438,036 309,265
Targets 330,645 (38.7% below 2023 baseline)a 68,272 (87.3% below 2023 baseline)a Local Gap 107,391 240,993
Notes: BAU = business -as-usual; ABAU = adjusted business -as-usual; GHG = greenhouse gas; MT CO 2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.
a 2023 baseline GHG emissions inventory is estimated to be 538,932 MT CO2e.

Table 2-4. Municipal 2030 and 2045 BAU and ABAU Emissions, Reduction Targets, and Local Gap
Sector
GHG Emissions (MT CO 2e)
2030 2045
BAU 7,344 7,901
ABAU 5,819 4,175
Targets 4,451 (37.0 % below 2023 baseline)a 829 (88.3% below 2023 baseline)a Local Gap 7,068 3,346
Notes: BAU = business -as-usual; ABAU = adjusted business -as-usual; GHG = greenhouse gas; MT CO 2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.
a 2023 baseline GHG emissions inventory is estimated to be 7,068 MT CO2e.

A summary of the City’s community-wide ABAU emissions is provided in Exhibit 1, and the State-aligned community- wide reduction targets and local gap is provided in Exhibit 2. Similarly, a summary of the City’s municipal ABAU emissions is provided in Exhibit 3, and the State-aligned municipal reduction targets and local gap is provided in Exhibit 4. As shown, while State legislative actions would account for a meaningful portion of the reductions needed to achieve the City’s 2030 and 2045 GHG emissions reduction goals, legislative actions on their own would not be adequate to achieve the City’s goals. To close the local gap and meet the specified targets, the City will need to implement additional actions to achieve reductions of approximately 107,391 metric tons (MT) CO2e by 2030 and 240,993 MT CO2e by 2045 within the community. At the municipal level, the City will need to implement actions to achieve reductions of approximately 1,368 MT CO2e by 2030 and 3,346 MT CO2e by 2045.

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Exhibit 1. Community-wide ABAU Emissions.

Source: City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.

Exhibit 2. Community-wide Reduction Targets and Local Gap.

Source: City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.

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Exhibit 3. Municipal ABAU Emissions.

Source: City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.

Exhibit 4. Municipal Reduction Targets and Local Gap.

Source: City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.

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Climate Adaptation
The background climate adaptation evaluation includes a City wide vulnerability assessment. The vulnerability assessment evaluates climate -related hazard projections and community impacts. Hazards evaluated include extreme heat, flooding, wildfires and Santa Ana winds, drought, and climate migration. For each hazard, the magnitude and spatial extent were assessed, along with potential impact on Buena Park. Timing and certainty of hazards were also evaluated.

The vulnerability assessment concluded that hazards are projected to worsen throughout much of California, including Buena Park. Air pollution is a chronic hazard primarily related to transportation emissions, but worsening extreme heat, flooding, and regional wildfires each contribute to worse air pollution. Flooding is an issue in acute locations within the City, and extreme precipitation is projected to increase in both magnitude and frequency.

However, the most pressing hazard in Buena Park is extreme h eat, which is projected to more than triple in frequency by 2050. Though Buena Park is not expected to experience temperatures like those seen in more inland cities, even modest heat waves can lead to serious public health impacts. Locally certain demographic groups have seen higher rates of emergency room visits for extreme heat, including African Americans, males, older adults, and young adults. Much of the City’s built environment has limited shade, and its older homes and cost -burdened households may need to choose between running air conditioning and paying for other necessary costs.

The City has several existing plans and programs to mitigate risks, prepare residents, and plan for response and recovery. Local public facilities, such as parks, water features, and community centers, offer residents access to resilience, such as air conditioning or shade. In addition, regional agencies, utilities, transportation authorities, and neighboring jurisdictions influence hazards within the City, and communication and partnerships with these agencies and organizations can aid in building further resilience. The CAAP builds on the findings of this assessment to generate measures and actions that adapt the City to changing hazards.

Opportunit y Areas , Measures, and Actions
Following background evaluation and community outreach, actions were developed to meet the CAAP goals. The CAAP is organized within a tiered framework that includes opportunity areas, measures, and actions. This framework provides structure and a systematic approach to ensure that the City’s broad goals are achievable with concrete, manageable steps that ca n be monitored over time. The CAAP includes eight opportunity areas, which represent the broad categories for enacting climate action and adaptation within the City, and are as follows:
▪ On-Road Transportation
▪ Energy and the Built Environment
▪ Off-Road Equipment
▪ Water and Wastewater
▪ Solid Waste
▪ People and Community
▪ Natural and Urban Lands
▪ Municipal

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Within each opportunity area, there are measures that outline the specific climate action and adaptation objectives relevant to the area. Measures provide broad objectives for each opportunity area, touching on a common mechanism or approach to reducing emissions and enhancing resilience. Finally, within each measure are actions that are the individual concrete tasks that must be carried out collectively to successfully implement the CAAP and achieve the City’s goals. Table 2-5 provides the CAAP opportunity areas, measures, and actions.

Table 2-5. CAAP Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions Measure Action
On-Road Transportation (T)
T1: Encourage Transition
to Electric Vehicles
T1a. Develop and implement a Citywide education program that educates residents and businesses on the advantage of EVs.

T1b. Install EV charging stations at non-residential public parking areas.

T1c. Develop an incentive program to encourage building owners to install EV supply equipment. Target apartment buildings and medium- and low-income homeowners.

T1d. Adopt an ordinance to require California Green Building Standards (CALGreen) Tier 2 standards or similar EV charging requirements for EV receptacles and supply equipment for new residential and nonresidential construction.

T1e. Apply for state grants to fund the installation of EV chargers.

T1f. Continue to exempt up to two EV charging stations from non-conforming use requirements when added to an existing business or property when it does not require additional non-conforming construction.

T1g. Develop an ordinance to require Transport Refrigeration Units (TRUs) and auxiliary power units (APUs) to utilize electric plug-in units at loading docks, if capable.

T2: Enhance Active
Transportation
Environment
T2a. Update municipal code to require installation of enhanced end-of-trip bike facilities, including bike racks, lockers, and employee showers.

T2b. Implement micromobility (e-bike, bikeshare, and scootershare) programs.

Partner with businesses, hotels, etc. to designate stations/docks and develop maps with destinations and safe routes, particularly suited for tourists and visitors.

T2c. Expand the City’s sidewalk network in alignment with the City’s ATP.

T2d. Construct new bike facilities in alignment with the City’s ATP.

T2e. Change lane configuration at under capacity roadway segments from six lanes to four lanes.

T3: Reduce Single-
Occupancy Vehicle Trips
T3a. Develop voluntary citywide commute trip reduction program for employers to opt-in that provides alternative travel options to/from work (e.g., carpool, transit, walking/biking).

T3b. Educate the community on travel options for commuters to reduce commute trips via marketing campaigns.

T3c. Require employers with 200 or more employees to develop a program to facilitate ridesharing/carpooling and vansharing for employees.

T3d. Require employers with 200 or more employees to provide a cash payment to employees that forgo provided parking at their place of employment.

T3e. Review parking minimums and reduce parking requirements in new multifamily households.

T3f. Separate parking costs from property costs in residential developments/ apartment complexes.

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Table 2-5. CAAP Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions Measure Action
T4: Optimize Land Use to
Minimize Commute
Distances
T4a. Upzone residential zoning to allow for increased residential density.

T4b. Increase job density through commercial and industrial rezoning.

T4c. Streamline City permitting of applications that would increase development around major transit stations, including the Buena Park Metrolink Station, the Fullerton Park & Ride Station, and the Beach Boulevard Corridor.

T4d. Develop inclusionary housing ordinance to incentivize or require affordable housing beyond state requirements.

T5: Incentivize Use of
Public Transit
T5a. Conduct a feasibility study and community engagement on potential Mobility Hub locations in alignment with the ATP.

T5b. Conduct a feasibility analysis for the development of a mobility as a service (MaaS) platform that offers a centralized hub for transportation choices in alignment with the ATP.

T5c. Implement a subsidized transit pass program.

T5d. Expand local transit coverage (e.g., community circulator, microtransit service, tourist shuttles) to improve local circulation.

T5e. Construct improvements along roadways to improve transit service and reliability, including queue jump lanes, transit signal priority, dedicated transit lanes, business access/transit lanes, and enhanced bus stops.

Energy and the Built Environment (E)
E1: Increase Energy
Efficiency in Buildings
E1a. Facilitate third-party energy audits for existing residential and commercial buildings by providing resources and technical assistance.

E1b. Incentivize private building owners to retrofit buildings with energy-efficient upgrades by collaborating with utilities to provide reduced cost energy upgrades and providing permit streamlining as applicable.

E1c. Adopt a time-of-renovation energy efficiency ordinance requiring use of energy- efficient features in plan designs.

E2: Decarbonize and
Electrify Buildings
E2a. Incentivize new buildings to include zero emissions/very low emissions appliances (heat pumps, stove tops, ovens, water heaters, clothes driers).

E2b. Adopt a time-of-renovation electrification ordinance that requires replacement of HVAC systems, hot water heaters, and other natural gas appliances.

E2c. Educate the community on the replacement of natural gas appliances with electric appliances in residential and commercial buildings and highlight the cost savings and health benefits.

E2d. Provide technical assistance to private building owners and tenants regarding building decarbonization.

E3: Increase Renewable
Energy Generation and
Storage
E3a. Incentivize the installation of on-site zero-GHG and renewable energy generation systems.

E3b. Incentivize installation of on-site zero-GHG and renewable energy generation systems in existing buildings by continuing to streamline City permitting processes.

E3c. Provide technical assistance and education programs to private building owners on the benefits of paired PV solar and battery systems.

E4: Procure Zero-Carbon
Electricity
E4a. Promote community participation in 100% renewable energy tier through continued education and marketing.

E5a. Implement a cool pavement pilot program within the City right-of-way.

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Table 2-5. CAAP Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions Measure Action
E5: Increase Reflectance
and Cool Buildings
E5b. Pursue grant funding to incentivize the use of cool roofs and walls during roof replacements and home renovations or alterations.

Off -Road Equipment (OR)
OR1: Increase Electric
and Zero-Emission Off-
Road and Landscaping
Equipment Adoption
OR1a. Implement the City’s Electric Lawn Equipment Transition Plan for businesses and residents.

OR1b. Support adoption of zero-emission off-road equipment during construction through permit streamlining and promotion of contractors who have zero-emission off-road equipment within their fleet.

OR1c. Adopt an ordinance requiring use of only zero-emission or near-zero-emission operational off-road equipment, where commercially available, by 2045.

Water and Wastewater (W)
W1: Reduce Water
Consumption
W1a. Adopt an ordinance requiring new buildings incorporate water-efficient appliances and technologies and drought-tolerant landscaping.

W1b. Adopt a time-of-renovation/retrofit ordinance requiring use of water-efficient appliances, technologies, and drought-tolerant landscaping.

W1c. Develop a community education program for drought-tolerant landscaping, including recommended native and low-water plant species and off-the-shelf water- efficient landscape designs.

W2: Increase Water
Reuse and Recycling
W2a. Streamline City permitting processes for installation of residential graywater systems.

W2b. Provide incentives to encourage homeowners to adopt graywater systems.

W2c. Encourage use of rain barrels for use in irrigation of residential and commercial landscaping.

W2d. Conduct a feasibility analysis of recycled water reuse for residential and commercial irrigation.

Solid Waste (SW)
SW1: Reduce Waste to
Landfills
SW1a. Continue the diversion and recycling of construction and demolition waste in line with CALGreen and explore incentives for deconstruction (in place of demolition) in construction and renovation projects.

SW1b. Partner with schools to educate youth of various ages on proper waste sorting and composting practices.

SW1c. Communicate with multi-unit property owners/managers and develop proper waste sorting signage for their properties.

SW1d. Develop partnerships and study feasibility of an urban wood reuse program.

SW1e. Educate the public on the reuse and repair of consumer products by providing information on the City’s webpage to increase public awareness and access to opportunities for reuse, repairs, product rentals, and donation centers.

Partner with local organizations when possible to promote community reuse and repair learning opportunities, such as sewing or bike maintenance workshops.

People and Community (PC)
PC1: Prepare Vulnerable
Communities for
Hazards
PC1a. Engage residents about extreme heat preparedness and community resources using equitable, innovative, and culturally appropriate methods. Consider in-person, physical, and digital communications, and regularly consider adjustments to messaging.

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Table 2-5. CAAP Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions Measure Action
PC1b. Engage local Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) to develop a database of their interests and capabilities on a variety of topics related to climate action and adaptation, which could be leveraged in the future for distributing related news, volunteer events, grant opportunities, or other resources.

PC2: Create Resilient
Public Gathering Spaces
PC2a. Increase accessibility and promote the use of cooling centers through expanded amenities, programming, hours, or locations. Consider potential for cooling center offerings or other methods of involvement with local organizations and businesses.

PC2b. Continue to publicize location and hours of existing water features. Consider allocation of additional funding and resources to allow for maintenance, hours of operations, and water efficiency measures.

PC2c. Pursue funding to pilot the design and deployment of pop-up built shade or temporary water features. Consider design competitions that involve local organizations, institutions, or artists.

PC2d. Ensure zero-emission backup power at new City cooling centers, where feasible.

PC3: Improve Equitable
Distribution of
Resources
PC3a. Include annual Office of Sustainability staff time for grant coordination with City grant-writing partners. Pursue grants that fill financing gaps for low-income households, small local businesses, and disadvantaged communities.

PC3b. Include anti-displacement provisions within City-led grant or rebate retrofit programs related to climate action or adaptation.

PC3c. Build a contact database of property owners and managers to facilitate participation in climate action for residential and commercial rental units.

PC3d. Offer resources to renters, such as landlord approval sheets and FAQs, which facilitate renter interactions with landlords regarding facility or property improvements related to climate action or adaptation.

PC3e. Promote rebates for air purifiers, or similar programs, as they become available. Coordinate with South Coast AQMD and local NGOs.

PC3f. Continue to collaborate with SCE and OCPA to distribute information regarding energy cost assistance programs for qualified households.

PC4: Educate and
Incentivize Responsible
Consumption
PC4a. Develop and implement a responsible consumption education program and webpage that promotes the benefits of less-carbon-intensive practices, including but not limited to retaining and repairing instead of replacing; using electricity during off-peak hours and turning off appliances and lights when not in use; organizing vehicle trips to get the most out of each trip and reduce miles traveled; line-drying clothes rather than using a dryer; eating more locally grown fruits, vegetables, and meat, and fewer processed foods; and purchasing environmentally friendly products and reducing fast fashion purchases.

PC5: Collaborate to
Improve Regional
Resilience and GHG
Reduction Efforts
PC5a. Coordinate with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Los Angeles District regarding Prado Dam operational planning and the flood risks presented to the City.

PC5b. Update the Safety Element upon Housing Element revisions and at least every 8 years. Coordinate with the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection to continue to incorporate best practices that mitigate fire hazards and improve community resilience.

PC5c. Regularly communicate with Orange County Fire Authority and the Cities of Fullerton, La Habra, and La Mirada regarding fire mitigation in the Coyote Hills, and offer letters of support for related grant pursuits.

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Table 2-5. CAAP Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions Measure Action
PC5d. Monitor updates and participate in discussions with SCAG and the Orange County Council of Governments regarding regional climate migration planning and policies.

PC5e. Implement the CAAP in coordination with other Orange County jurisdictions to create a consistent regional approach to GHG reduction as outlined in the Orange County Priority Climate Action Plan (PCAP). Participate in regional initiatives, disseminate information on green building opportunities, and discuss GHG reduction best practices.

PC6: Spark Sustainable
Economic Development
PC6a. Continue to support the Sustainable Champion Program to recognize green businesses and residents.

PC6b. Publicize grants available to businesses for reducing GHG emissions and host grant-writing trainings for local organizations, businesses, and property owners.

PC6c. When possible, foster workforce development opportunities when implementing climate action and adaptation projects.

Natural and Urban Lands (NU)
NU1: Enhance Carbon
Sequestration and
Support Urban Greening
NU1a. Incorporate tree replacement requirements into the zoning code.

NU1b. Educate the community on developing and managing landscapes to increase carbon sequestration and drought tolerance.

NU1c. Pursue grant funding for private shade tree planting programs, ensuring the program prioritizes residential neighborhoods directly adjacent to the City’s highest rates of impervious surfaces.

NU1d. Encourage local businesses to integrate low-impact, nature-based climate solutions into new and existing developments. Examples include installation of bioswales, tree-shaded parking lots, and green roofs.

NU1e. Work with local schools to develop an urban greening education program, including implementation of green schoolyards, urban farms, and rain gardens.

NU1f. Expand the City’s community garden with additional sites within Buena Park, prioritizing areas near vulnerable communities.

Municipal (M)
M1: Electrify City Fleet M1a. Transition City light-duty gasoline- and diesel-fueled vehicles to EVs.

M1b. Install EV charging stations at City facilities to facilitate the use of City-owned EVs.

M1c. Develop a City facility zero-emission vehicle transition plan that evaluates the implications for vehicle transition and prioritizes appropriately based on feasibility and availability, infrastructure needs, and phasing.

M2: Reduce Employee
Commute Emissions
M2a. Implement a voluntary commute trip reduction program.

M2b. Provide commute trip reduction marketing materials to City employees.

M2c. Implement an employee rideshare/vanshare program.

M2d. Implement an employee EV incentive program.

M3: Reduce City
Operation Energy Use
and Increase Renewable
Energy
M3a. Conduct energy audits of existing City buildings and facilities to determine energy-saving opportunities.

M3b. Implement energy efficiency retrofits of existing City-owned buildings and facilities based on the results of the energy audits.

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Table 2-5. CAAP Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions Measure Action
M3c. Require new City-owned buildings or facilities to be all-electric (i.e., no natural gas), unless required for emergency services in the City’s Emergency Operations Plan.

M3d. Retrofit City-owned buildings and facilities to remove natural gas and install all-electric end uses.

M3e. Install solar photovoltaic (PV) systems as shade structures at City-owned parking lots and facilities.

M3f. Include solar panel installation and cool roofs in the design of all new City- owned buildings.

M3g. Retrofit City-owned buildings and facilities to include PV solar and cool roofs where feasible.

M3h. Install battery energy storage systems at key City facilities to supplement PV solar.

M3i. Enroll municipal utility in the OCPA 100% renewable energy program.

M3j. Develop a Microgrid Feasibility Plan for City-owned emergency response and critical facilities.

M4: Electrify City-
Operated Off-Road and
Landscaping Equipment
M4a. Implement the Electric Lawn Equipment Transition Plan for City-owned and City-contracted uses.

M4b. Transition City-owned and contracted off-road equipment during construction or operation to zero-emission.

M4c. Accelerate replacement of diesel or natural gas-powered backup generators at City facilities to zero-emission options.

M5: Reduce City Facility
Water Consumption and
Increase Water Reuse
M5a. Require use of water-efficient appliances in new City buildings.

M5b. Upgrade existing City buildings with water-efficient appliances.

M5c. Replace non-programmed turf at City-owned buildings and facilities with native, drought-tolerant landscaping.

M5d. Install graywater systems at City-owned buildings and facilities.

M6: Reduce City-
Generated Solid Waste
M6a. Develop guidelines for food waste prevention planning for City food service operations and large events at City facilities.

M6b. Continue to implement three-stream waste sorting (trash, recycling, and compost) at all City facilities in line with SB 1383.

Note: CAAP = City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.

The City is targeting reductions of 107,278 MT CO 2e by 2030 and 258,333 MT CO 2e by 2045. These ambitious goals will be achieved through the six emissions -reducing focused opportunity areas: municipal, on -road transportation, energy and the built environment, off-road equipment, water and wastewater, and solid waste. The 2030 and 2045 reduction goals will further be supported by the carbon sequestration actions within the natural and urban lands opportunity area, which help draw down existing CO 2 in the atmosphere and capture it for long - term storage in vegetation and soils.

The CAAP includes an implementation and monitoring strategy to ensure the CAAP is successfully implemented by monitoring quantitative measure performance indicators, supporting measure tracking metrics, and phasing. The implementation and monitoring strategy provides additional information such as responsible City department and funding opportunities to guide City staff throughout plan implementation.

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CEQA Streamlining
The CAAP update meets the requirements for a qualified plan under State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5 for the reduction of GHG emissions for use in cumulative impact analysis pertaining to development projects. One such requirement is that the plan be adopted through a public process following environmental review. This IS/ND constitutes the environmental review process for the CAAP. The CAAP is intended to be used for future project - specific GHG emissions analyses by providing the appropriate level of environmental review to allow for future projects to streamline their analysis of GHG emissions pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5(b)(2), unless otherwise determined to be cumulatively considerable.

2.4 Safety Element Update
The GPSE addresses the potential short- and long-term risks of death, injuries, property damage, and economic and social dislocation resulting from fires, floods, droughts, earthquakes, landslides, climate change, and other hazards.

The GPSE identifies hazards and hazard -abatement provisions to guide local decisions related to zoning, subdivisions, and entitlement permits. The City used the risk assessment and mitigation strategies from the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, which was updated in 2024, to update the GPSE. The GPSE was also updated to ensure compliance with State law, as described in Section 65302(g) of the California Government Code, related to severe heat, climate change, and evacuation.

GPSE principles, goals, and policies are presented in Table 2 -6 with new or revised text as a result of the GPS E update noted in underline.

Table 2-6. GPSE Principles, Goals, and Policies
Goal Policy
Seismic and Geologic Hazards
SAF-1: Decrease in the
potential risk of seismic
and geologic hazards to
the community.

SAF-1.1: Seek to avoid or minimize seismic risk by appropriately designating land uses and adhering to current building codes.

SAF-1.2: Enforce the requirements of current building codes relative to seismic design for all new development or redevelopment.

SAF-1.3: Require geologic and soils reports for all new development or redevelopment, especially in identified areas of the Norwalk Fault Zone and areas with high liquefaction potential.

SAF-1.4: Require appropriate mitigation measures and/or conditions of approval relative to terrain, soils, slope stability, and erosion for new development or redevelopment in order to reduce hazards.

SAF-1.5: Ensure that schools, hospitals, and critical facilities, such as fire, police, or emergency service facilities, meet the standards outlined in Title 24 of the California Administrative Code.

Flood Hazards
SAF-2: Provision of
adequate flood protection
to protect the community.

SAF-2.1: Seek to provide adequate flood protection from 100-year (or other state- defined scenario) flood frequency storms.

SAF-2.2: Improve defensive measures against 100-year (or other state-defined scenario) flood conditions through land use regulation and design, such as

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Table 2-6. GPSE Principles, Goals, and Policies
Goal Policy
increased pervious surfaces, onsite water capture and re-use, minimized building footprints, etc.

SAF-2.3: Require that new development or redevelopment located within areas identified within a 100-year flood plain meet the requirements of the current building code and the National Flood Insurance Protection Program.

SAF-2.4: Work with the Orange County Flood Control District and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles District, to ensure future flood control plans incorporate adequate seismic safety measures.

SAF-2.5: Continue to implement adopted flood control programs and regulations.

SAF-2.6: Continue to monitor regional flood hazard improvements in the Santa Ana River Basin area to understand impacts of 100- and 500-year storms within the City.

SAF-2.7: Continue planning evacuation operations in the City’s forecasted dam inundation zones.

SAF-2.8: Manage future flood risk by prioritizing the use of nature-based solutions.

Emergency Management
SAF-3: A reduction in the
potential for loss of life
and property from natural
and human-caused
disasters.

SAF-3.1: Strengthen coordination among and between City officials and other agencies that provide disaster response or relief services.

SAF-3.2: Coordinate with local and regional jurisdictions to conduct emergency and disaster preparedness exercises to test operational and emergency plans.

SAF-3.3: Monitor alerts, warnings, and advisories issued by local, state, and federal law enforcement, intelligence, public health, and emergency management agencies, and take appropriate actions to prepare for or prevent imminent threats as required.

SAF-3.4: Improve emergency preparedness and planning with a particular focus on disproportionately vulnerable populations.

Hazardous Materials
SAF-4: Minimize the
threat posed by a release
of hazardous materials to
public health and safety
and to the environment.

SAF-4.1: Strictly enforce federal, state, and local laws and regulations relating to the use, storage, and transportation of toxic, explosive, and other hazardous and extremely hazardous materials to prevent unauthorized discharges.

SAF-4.2: Periodically review and amend the appropriate ordinances that regulate the storage and handling of hazardous materials to conform to the standards and definitions of the state and other regulatory agencies.

SAF-4.3: Continue to monitor the operations of businesses and individuals that handle hazardous materials using the planning and business permit processes.

SAF-4.4: Periodically review the emergency plans of transportation and flammable gas/liquid distribution companies.

SAF-4.5: Explore the possibility of identifying specific routes for the transport of hazardous materials.

SAF-4.6: Develop an educational awareness program for residents and businesses about the dangers of hazardous materials.

SAF-4.7: Maintain cooperative relationships with the chemical handlers, response agencies, and community representatives to ensure an informed and coordinated response to chemical emergencies.

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Table 2-6. GPSE Principles, Goals, and Policies
Goal Policy
Climate Change and Resiliency
SAF-5: Minimize the
economic and physical
threats posed by climate
change and the attendant
extreme weather and
climatic events.

SAF-5.1: Identify populations that will disproportionally experience the consequences of climate change.

SAF-5.2: Address underlying health inequities for all residents, including those related to hazards such as localized air pollution, extreme heat, and flooding.

SAF-5.3: Prioritize solutions towards reducing climate change risks for vulnerable populations and communities.

SAF-5.4: Incorporate adaptation initiatives that provide multiple co-benefits, including reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, support for the local economy, enhancements to the natural environment, or alleviating underlying health inequities.

SAF-5.5: Incorporate inclusive decision making in climate-adaptation planning efforts.

SAF-5.6: Promote the integration of economic development and climate adaptation to provide sustainable benefits.

SAF-5.7: Leverage land use planning to reduce exposure to climate hazards.

SAF-5.8: Design and implement nature-based projects and green infrastructure to protect and enhance the adaptive capacity of natural resources and urban environments.

SAF-5.9: Consider short- and long-term actions in the capital improvement program which would promote resilience of physical infrastructure to climate change impacts.

SAF-5.10: Prioritize efforts to restore residents’ access to basic services such as electricity, gas, water, sewage treatment, public transportation, telephone lines, and wireless communication during and after climate hazard events.

SAF-5.11: Align public infrastructure and investment decisions with the Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.

SAF-5.12: Participate in regional planning efforts related to climate change adaptation.

Fire Protection
Goal SAF-6: Decrease
wildfire hazards in the
community.

SAF-6.1: Minimize new residential development within a VHFHSZ unless fire protection plans are submitted to harden structures against possible wildfires.

SAF-6.2: Place all new essential public facilities outside of any VHFHSZ, unless infeasible.

SAF-6.3: Enforce City and State building and fire codes within the VHFHSZ, and incorporate new techniques and best practices as they become available to reduce future risks to all new development or redevelopment within a VHFHSZ.

SAF-6.4: Require appropriate mitigation measures and/or conditions of approval relative to areas of varying fire hazard severity based upon the proximity of terrain, soils, slope stability, and erosion for new development or redevelopment in order to reduce hazards.

SAF-6.5: Ensure existing access points to open space areas within a VHFHSZ are maintained for fire suppression with respect to roadway widths, obstructions, and other criteria.

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Table 2-6. GPSE Principles, Goals, and Policies
Goal Policy
SAF-6.6: Continue to leverage the City’s fire service provider’s review of new development to ensure development complies with any fuel modification requirements, creation of defensible space, and habitat restoration by replacing invasive and fire-susceptible plants with indigenous species, thus reducing baseline fire risk in the City’s VHFHSZ and elsewhere as applicable.

SAF-6.7: Work with the City’s fire service provider and surrounding jurisdictions that are subject to the continuous VHFHSZ that may impact the City to coordinate vegetation management strategies and wildfire hazard protection and prevention services.

SAF-6.8: Maintain a weed abatement program to ensure clearing of dry brush areas.

SAF-6.9: Provide for the long-term maintenance of fire hazard reduction projects and activities, such as fuel clearing and vegetation management, with the City administering these activities on public lands and working with fire protection agencies and landowners to ensure maintenance of privately held parcels.

SAF-6.10: Following major wildfire events, reevaluate development standards and current building codes for new development or redevelopment in order to reduce hazards for the VHFHSZ and apply stricter standards for redevelopment as needed to maintain high levels of wildfire protection.

SAF-6.11: The City will continue to work with property owners on street and building addressing as required in the Municipal Code and California Building Code. Street signage shall follow the latest edition of the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices.

SAF-6.12: The City shall identify residential developments within VHFHSZ areas lacking at least two available and identified emergency evacuation routes, and recommend appropriate improvements to enhance evacuation capacity and safety.

SAF-6.13: Proposed developments within a VHFHSZ shall be located in areas with a minimum of two distinct and reliable ingress and egress routes.

SAF-6.14: Public roads within a VHFHSZ that do not meet current roadway width and fire access standards shall be evaluated and improved, where feasible, to enhance emergency access and evacuation. Hazardous vegetation conditions shall be mitigated in accordance with applicable defensible space and vegetation management regulations.

SAF-6.15: For proposed new development located within a VHFHSZ, require upkeep of landscaped areas as per OCFA standards detailed in Vegetation Management Guideline: Technical Design for New Construction Fuel Modification Plans and Maintenance Program.

SAF-6.16: New development within a VHFHSZ shall be designed to ensure adequate and reliable ingress and egress for emergency response and evacuation, with multiple access points where feasible, consistent with California Fire Code.

SAF-6.17: Residential development within a VHFHSZ shall be designed to provide multiple unobstructed evacuation routes with sufficient capacity to support community evacuation while maintaining emergency responder access.

SAF-6.18: The City shall conduct periodic assessments of residential areas within all VHFHSZ to identify deficiencies in access and evacuation routes, and shall

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Table 2-6. GPSE Principles, Goals, and Policies
Goal Policy
develop and prioritize mitigation measures and capital improvement plans to enhance emergency egress and emergency responder access where feasible.

SAF-6.19: Maintain educational programs and continue public outreach efforts to all members of the community pertaining to defensible space and evacuation routes.

SAF-6.20: The City will continue to update and follow best practices for fire safety such as vegetative clearance maintenance of all roads and community fire breaks, as adopted in Ordinance 1713.

SAF-6.21: The City shall continue to work with OCFA to ensure the highest level of fire-fighting and emergency service training to current and best practices.

Notes: GPSE = City of Buena Park General Plan Safety Element Update.

Revised or added principles, goals, and policies noted as underlined text.

2.5 Environmental Review Context
The proposed CAAP and GPSE would not authorize development proposals and therefore would not directly result in physical environmental effects because of the construction or operation of facilities. However, as the project would encourage development of certain land uses and development patterns, the indirect effects of plan approval and implementation must be considered. Individual programs or projects to implement the CAAP or GPSE will require subsequent approval and environmental review under CEQA.

2.6 General Plan Designation and Zoning
The CAAP and GPSE would be implemented throughout the City and would occur in all existing General Plan designations and zoning designations. To reduce VMT and associated GHG emissions, the CAAP includes action T4a and T4b that direct the City to increase residential density and increase job density in certain areas already designated for these uses.

Increasing residential density would affect areas with high-density and mixed-use classification and would increase the maximum allowable residential density identified in the General Plan . This may require changes to the development standards of the zoning ordinance to achieve higher densities. Similarly, the maximum floor area ratio would be increased for certain commercial land use designations to increase the number of employees. The change in floor area ratio may require changes to the development stan dards of the zoning ordinance. These changes would allow for a higher density/intensity of development within areas already designated for such uses, rather than “rezoning” areas from one use to another. These increases are designed to bring residents and jobs within the City into closer proximity, reducing the amount of vehicle travel. These actions are consistent with existing General Plan policies, including the certified housing element. These actions would require subsequent approvals by the City Council. This IS/ND considers these changes on a Citywide level. Site-specific issues may be examined at a time as the City Council approves these land use revisions.

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2.7 Project Approvals
The following approvals are required from the City of Buena Park:
▪ Adoption of the CAAP and the GPSE IS/ND
▪ Approval of the CAAP
▪ General Plan Amendment to adopt the GPSE Update
There are no required approvals by other public agencies because the City of Buena Park has sole approval authority of the CAAP and GPSE.

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3 Initial Study Checklist

1. Project title:

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan and General Plan Safety Element Update

2. Lead agency name and address:

City of Buena Park
6650 Beach Boulevard
Buena Park, California 90621

3. Contact person and phone number:

Lotus Thai
Sustainability Manager
City of Buena Park
6650 Beach Boulevard
Buena Park, California 90621

4. Project location:

City of Buena Park, California

5. Project sponsor’s name and address:

City of Buena Park
6650 Beach Boulevard
Buena Park, California 90621

6. General Plan designation:

The CAAP and GPSE would be implemented throughout the City and would occur in all City of Buena Park General Plan designations. These plans would not alter any existing General Plan designations.

7. Zoning:

The CAAP and GPSE would be implemented throughout the City and would occur in all City of Buena Park zoning designations. These plans would not alter any existing zoning designations.

8. Description of project. (Describe the whole action involved, including but not limited to later phases of the project, and any secondary, support, or off-site features necessary for its implementation. Attach additional sheets if necessary):

Refer to Section 2, Project Description, above.

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9. Surrounding land uses and setting:

Refer to Section 2.1, Project Location, above.

10. Other public agencies whose approval is required (e.g., permits, financing approval, or participation agreement):

There are no other public agencies whose approval is required.

11. Have California Native American tribes traditionally and culturally affiliated with the project area requested consultation pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21080.3.1? If so, is there a plan for consultation that includes, for example, the determination of significance of impacts to tr ibal cultural resources, procedures regarding confidentiality, etc.?
Two California Native American tribes have been notified of the proposed CAAP and GPSE: the Gabrieleño Band of Mission Indians, Kizh Nation, and the Gabrieleño/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians. The CAAP and GPSE do not authorize ground-disturbing activities, which may impact tribal cultural resources.

Environmental Factors Potentially Affected
The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project, involving at least one impact that is a “Potentially Significant Impact,” as indicated by the checklist on the following pages.

Aesthetics Agriculture and
Forestry Resources
Air Quality
Biological Resources Cultural Resources Energy
Geology and Soils Greenhouse Gas
Emissions
Hazards and Hazardous
Materials
Hydrology and Water Quality Land Use and
Planning
Mineral Resources
Noise Population and
Housing
Public Services
Recreation Transportation Tribal Cultural Resources Utilities and Service Systems Wildfire Mandatory Findings of Significance

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Determination (To be completed by the Lead Agency)
On the basis of this initial evaluation:

I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment, and a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.

I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant effect in this case because revisions in the project have been made by or agreed to by the project proponent. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.

I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment, and an ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required.

I find that the proposed project MAY have a “potentially significant impact” or “potentially significant unless mitigated” impact on the environment, but at least one effect (1) has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable le gal standards, and (2) has been addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that remain to be addressed.

I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, because all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT or NEGATIVE DECLARATION pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant to that earlier ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT or NEGATIVE DECLARATION, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the proposed project, nothing further is required.

Signature Date
7/8/2025

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3.1 Aesthetics

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
I. AESTHETICS – Except as provided in Public Resources Code Section 21099, would the project:
a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a
scenic vista?
b) Substantially damage scenic resources,
including, but not limited to, trees, rock
outcroppings, and historic buildings within a
state scenic highway?

c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially
degrade the existing visual character or
quality of public views of the site and its
surroundings? (Public views are those that
are experienced from publicly accessible
vantage point). If the project is in an
urbanized area, would the project conflict
with applicable zoning and other regulations
governing scenic quality?

d) Create a new source of substantial light or
glare which would adversely affect day or
nighttime views in the area?

The predominant land uses within the City are residential, commercial, industrial, and a tourist/entertainment sector. The density of development is relatively low for all types of development in the City. Additionally, the City maintains a low-rise profile in that there are limited high-rise structures in the City. The Buena Park 2035 General Plan does not identify significant scenic resources or other important visual resources within the City. Due to the City’s relatively flat topography and dense development, distant views are obstructed by existing development.

Buildings, including existing residences, and the adjacent roadways are the dominant visual element in the City’s environment ( City of Buena Park 2010a). The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) provides information regarding officially design ated or eligible state scenic highways, designated as part of the California Scenic Highway Program. According to Caltrans, there are no officially designated scenic highways within or adjacent to the City (Caltrans 2025).

The majority of light and glare sources presently within the City are associated with the residential, commercial, and industrial land uses, as well as Knott’s Berry Farm and surrounding entertainment uses. Additionally, light sources within the City are associated with traffic signals and vehicle lights on roadways within the City (City of Buena Park 2010a).

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a) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? c) In non-urbanized areas, would the project substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality?
Less-than-Significant Impact. The Buena Park 2035 General Plan (General Plan) does not identify significant scenic resources or other important visual resources that may be affected by the proposed CAAP and GPSE. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in impacts related to scenic vistas or existing visual character . However, implementation of some CAAP opportunity measures may promote infrastructure development and redevelopment that may alter the visual setting of future CAAP-related project sites. The implementation of CAAP opportunity measures would result in short -term construction and long-term changes to the physical environment. CAAP measures and actions would encourage the construction of new electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure, solar photovoltaic (PV) and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities , and transit, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would also result in tree planting and landscaping at City parks and open spaces, residential neighborhoods, and throughout the City.

Additionally, CAAP opportunity actions would result in upzoning residential zoning and rezoning commercial and industrial zones.

Construction associated with implementation of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions would require heavy equipment, staging of materials, and fencing. However, construction activities would be short -term and temporary in nature, and would typically not involve equipment of substantial height, bulk, or massing that would alter existing scenic vistas. In addition, construction activities associated with implementation of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions would primarily occur in already disturbed, urbanized developed areas such as roadways and parking lots or at existing buildings and would not occur within non- urbanized areas.

Long-term changes due to implementation of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions would include improvements at or near grade level of existing roadways; would include additions to existing buildings or parking lots; would involve minor changes such as the planting of new trees ; and would not otherwise involve features with substantial height, bulk, or massing that could block or impede existing scenic vistas.

Increased residential density in certain areas would increase the number, and potentially size, of residential structures. The enforcement of the Buena Park Municipal Code (BPMC) would avoid substantial adverse effects on scenic vistas and degradation of public views. For example, Title 19 of the BPMC, Zoning, provides specific development standards that influence the City’s visual character related to building design, yards and related encroachments, outdoor improvements, landscaping, and utilities and mechanical equipment. Moreover, one primary purpose of Title 19 is to ensure that the growth and development of the City is attractive. Implementation of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions that require construction would adhere to applicable zoning standards and City ordinances. Thus, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista and would not substantially degrade the visual character or quality of public views in non -urbanized areas. This impact would be less than significant.

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b) Would the project substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? No Impact. There are no State-designated scenic highways or corridors within the City. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in impacts related to scenic highways. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in adverse impacts to scenic resources adjacent to or near a State Scenic Highway. No impact would occur.
d) Would the project create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to light and glare. The implementation of CAAP measures and actions related to EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure may require the use of temporary lighting sources during the construction phase. Construction associated with these CAAP measures would be short -term and temporary in nature and would not be considered a new source of substantial light or glare that would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area. Solar PV panels have the potential to result in new sources of glare within the City if not thoughtfully designed and located. The design and location of proposed solar PV infrastructure would be complementary to existing development in the City, such as the addition of small-scale rooftop solar panels and as shade structures at City-owned parking lots and facilities, in order to reduce potential glare impacts. Implementation of CAAP measures and actions that would require the installation of permanent lighting would be required to comply with BPMC Sections 19.344.030,

19.444.030, 19.548.030, and 19.648.030, which include standards that address the provision of lighting in various residential and non -residential zones. Compliance with these regulations would minimize environmental impacts related to light and glare by limiting the use of highly reflective materials and requiring the shielding and limitation of spillover of exterior lighting. Thus, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to light and glare.

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3.2 Agriculture and Forestry Resources

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
II. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RESOURCES – In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Dept. Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to forest resources, including timberland, are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information compiled by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the state’s inventory of forest land, including the Forest and Range Assessment Project and the Forest Legacy Assessment project; and forest carbon measurement methodology provided in Forest Protocols adopted by the California Air Resources Board. Would the project:
a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland,
or Farmland of Statewide Importance
(Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared
pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and
Monitoring Program of the California
Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use?

b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural
use, or a Williamson Act contract?
c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause
rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public
Resources Code Section 12220(g)),
timberland (as defined by Public Resources
Code Section 4526), or timberland zoned
Timberland Production (as defined by
Government Code Section 51104(g))?

d) Result in the loss of forest land or
conversion of forest land to non-forest use?
e) Involve other changes in the existing
environment which, due to their location or
nature, could result in conversion of
Farmland, to non-agricultural use or
conversion of forest land to non-forest use?

The California Department of Conservation (DOC) Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program (FMMP) prepares maps and statistical data for analyzing land use impacts on California’s agricultural resources. The FMMP categorizes agricultural production potential based on a combination of physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and climate that determine the degree of suitability of the land for crop production. Important Farmland categories include Prime Farmland, Farmland of Statewide Importance, Unique Farmland, and Farmland of Local Importance. The City is designated as “Urban and Built -Up Land” by the FMMP (DOC 2022). There are no lands designated or zoned for agricultural use within the City.

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The California Land Conservation Act (Williamson Act) recognizes the importance of agricultural land and includes provisions to protect and ensure the orderly conservation of agricultural land. The DOC FMMP produces a yearly California Williamson Act Enrollment map. Based on Williamson Act enrollment for 2023, there are no Williamson Act Contracts within the City (DOC 2023).
a) Would the project convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? No Impact. There is no Important Farmland within the City. Therefore, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not convert Important Farmland to non-agricultural use, and no impact would occur. b) Would the project conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? No Impact. There are no Williamson Act contracts within the City. Therefore, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use or a Williamson Act contract, and no impact would occur.
c) Would the project conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code Section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code Section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code Section 51104(g))? d) Would the project result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? No Impact. There are no lands currently used for timber production or management in the City, nor is there a zoning designation for forest land, timberland, or timberland productions within the City. Therefore, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with existing zoning, or cause the rezoning of forest land, timberland, or timberland production land, and no impact would occur. e) Would the project involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non -agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non - forest use?
No Impact. As discussed above, the City does not contain Important Farmland. Therefore, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not involve changes in the existing environment that would result in the conversion of farmland to non -agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non -forest use. No impact would occur.

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3.3 Air Quality

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
III. AIR QUALITY – Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management district or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project:
a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of
the applicable air quality plan?
b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net
increase of any criteria pollutant for which
the project region is non-attainment under
an applicable federal or state ambient air
quality standard?

c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial
pollutant concentrations?
d) Result in other emissions (such as those
leading to odors) adversely affecting a
substantial number of people?

Ambient air quality is generally affected by climatological conditions, the topography of the air basin, the type and amounts of pollutants emitted, and, for some pollutants, sunlight. The City is located within South Coast Air Basin (SCAB). Topographical and climatic factors in the SCAB create the potential for high concentrations of regional and local air pollutants. The SCAB includes the non -desert portions of Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties, and all of Orange County, and is within the jurisdictional boundaries of the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD).

Criteria air pollutants are defined as pollutants for which the federal and State governments have established ambient air quality standards, or criteria, for outdoor concentrations to protect public health. The federal and State standards have been set, with an adequate margin of safety, at levels above which concentrations could be harmful to human health and welfare. These standards are designed to protect the most sensitive persons from illness or discomfort. Pollutants of concern include ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter equal to or less than 10 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), particulate matter equal to or less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5), and lead. In California, sulfates, vinyl chloride, hydrogen sulfide, and visibility-reducing particles are also regulated as criteria air pollutants.

The SCAQMD is the regional agency responsible for the regulation and enforcement of federal, State, and local air pollution control regulations in the SCAB, where the project site is located. The SCAQMD operates monitoring stations in the SCAB, develops ru les and regulations for stationary sources and equipment, prepares emissions inventory and air quality management planning documents, and conducts source testing and inspections. The SCAQMD’s Air Quality Management Plans (AQMPs) include control measures and strategies to be implemented to attain State and federal ambient air quality standards in the SCAB. The SCAQMD then implements these control measures as regulations to control or reduce criteria pollutant emissions from stationary sources or equipment.

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The most recently adopted AQMP is the 2022 AQMP (SCAQMD 2022), which was adopted by the SCAQMD governing board on December 2, 2022. The SCAQMD’s 2022 AQMP assesses the attainment status of the SCAB. The 2022 AQMP builds upon measures already in place from previous AQMPs. It also includes a variety of additional strategies such as regulation, accelerated deployment of available cleaner technologies (e.g., zero -emission technologies, when cost -effective and feasible, and low oxides of nitrogen [ NOx] technologies in other applications), best management practices (BMPs), co-benefits from existing programs (e.g., climate and energy efficiency), incentives, and other Clean Air Act measures to achieve the 2015 8-hour ozone standard. The 2022 AQMP was approved and adopted by CARB on January 26, 2023.

Pursuant to the 1990 federal Clean Air Act amendments, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classifies air basins (or portions thereof) as “attainment” or “nonattainment” for each criteria air pollutant, based on whether the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) have been achieved. Generally, if the recorded concentrations of a pollutant are lower than the standard, the area is classified as “attainment” for that pollutant. If an area exceeds the standard, the area is classified as “nonattainment” for that pollutant. If there are not enough data available to determine whether the standard is exceeded in an area, the area is designated as “unclassified” or “unclassifiable.” The designation of “unclassifiable/attainment” means that the area meets the standard or is expected to meet the standard despite a lack of monitoring data. Areas that achieve the standards after a nonattainment designation are re -designated as maintenance areas and must have approved Maintenance Plans to ensure continued attainment of the standards. The California Clean Air Act, like its federal counterpart, called for the designation of areas as “attainment” or “nonattainment,” but based on California Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) rather than the NAAQS.

The SCAB is designated as a nonattainment area for federal and State O3 standards and federal and State PM 2.5 standards. The SCAB is designated as a nonattainment area for State PM10 standards; however, it is designated as an attainment area for federal PM10 standards. The SCAB is designated as an attainment area for federal and State CO standards, federal and State NO 2 standards, and federal and State SO 2 standards. While the SCAB has been designated as nonattainment for the federal rolling 3-month average lead standard, it is designated attainment for the State lead standard (CARB 2023; EPA 2025).
a) Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? Less-than-Significant Impact. The CAAP and GPSE are policy-level documents for future actions that would occur within the SCAB, which includes the non -desert portions of Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties, and all of Orange County, and is within the jurisdictional boundaries of the SCAQMD.

The SCAQMD administers the AQMP for the SCAB, which is a comprehensive document outlining an air pollution control program for attaining all CAAQS and NAAQS. The most recent adopted AQMP is the 2022 AQMP (SCAQMD 2022). The SCAQMD has established criteria for determining consistency with the currently applicable AQMP in Chapter 12, Sections 12.2 and 12.3, in the SCAQMD CEQA Air Quality Handbook. The purpose of a consistency finding is to determine if a project is inconsistent with the assumptions and objectives of the regional air quality plans, and, thus, if it would interfere with the region’s ability to comply with federal and State air quality standards. The relevant criteria are as follows , discussed below (SCAQMD 1993):

Consistency Criterion No. 1: The project will not result in an increase in the frequency or severity of existing air quality violations or cause or contribute to new violations, or delay the timely attainment of air quality standards of the interim emissions reductions specified in the AQMP.

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The CAAP and GPSE are policy -level documents and adoption would not directly result in short -term construction or long-term operational emissions. However, some CAAP opportunity measures and actions would result in the construction of projects such as EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure. The construction of these types of projects would result in short-term emissions of criteria air pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, NOx, and reactive organic gas (ROG) from construction equipment exhaust and fugitive dust from ground disturbance. As discussed in Air Quality Checklist Question (b) below, it is not anticipated that construction of these types of projects would be prolonged and intensive so as to result in exceedances of SCAQMD; as such, impacts would be less than significant. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would also be reviewed for consistency with SCAQMD air quality regulations and other applicable local, State, and federal regulations once project details and locations are known. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with Consistency Criterion No. 1 because the CAAP and GPSE would not result in an increase in the frequency or severity of existing air quality violations, cause or contribute to new violations, or delay the timely attainment of air quality standards of interim emission reductions specified in the AQMP.

Consistency Criterion No. 2: The project will not exceed the assumptions in the AQMP or increments based on the year of project buildout and phase.

The SCAQMD primarily uses demographic growth forecasts for various socioeconomic categories (e.g., population, housing, employment by industry) developed by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) for its RTP/SCS to develop the emission i nventory for the 2022 AQMP (SCAQMD 2022). The RTP/SCS’s forecasts are in turn based on General Plans for cities and counties in the SCAB. 1 The SCAG 2020 RTP/SCS and associated Regional Growth Forecast are also generally consistent with the local plans. Therefore, the 2022 AQMP is generally consistent with local government plans through its use of information in SCAG’s RTP/SCS.

The CAAP and GPSE are policy documents containing programs that are consistent with the General Plan.

As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not facilitate specific development projects, such as new housing or employment opportunities, that could directly result in population growth. CAAP Opportunity Measure T4 includes actions to upzone residential zoning to allow for increased residential density and increased job density through commercial and industrial rezoning. The intent of residential densification is to accommodate population growth more efficiently, reduce sprawl, and locate workforce housing closer to employment opportunities. Actions outlined in CAAP Opportunity Measure T4 would be consistent with the overall General Plan buildout. Further, future plans or projects (including potential changes to land use designations or zoning) requiring discretionary approval would be subject to environmental review under CEQA, and individual impact analyses would identify required plan- or project-specific mitigation measures where applicable. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not exceed the assumptions in the AQMP. The CAAP and GPSE do not conflict with the AQMP and would not increase population growth beyond what is forecasted in the most recently adopted AQMP.

1 Information necessary to produce the emission inventory for the SCAB is obtained from the SCAQMD and other governmental agencies, including CARB, Caltrans, and SCAG. Each of these agencies is responsible for collecting data (e.g., industry growt h factors, socioeconomic projections, travel activity levels, emission factors, emission speciation profile, and emissions) and developing methodologies (e.g., model and demographic forecast improvements) required to generate a comprehensive emissions inventory. SCAG incorporates these data into its Travel Demand Model for estimating/projecting VMT and driving speeds. SCAG’s socioeconomic and transportation activities projections in its 2020 RTP/SCS are integrated in the 2022 AQMP (SCAQMD 2022).

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Based on the considerations presented for the two criteria, the CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with or obstruct the implementation of the 2022 AQMP, and impacts relating to the CAAP and GPSE’s potential to conflict with, or obstruct implementation of, the applicable AQMP would be less than significant. b) Would the project result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to criteria pollutants. However, some CAAP opportunity measures and actions would result in the construction of projects such as EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure.

The implementation of CAAP measures and actions that would result in the construction of EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure could require a temporary increase in the number of construction workers, ground disturbance, or use of construction equipment. Additionally, the electrification of existing homes and commercial buildings and tree planting and landscaping at City park s and open spaces, residential neighborhoods, and throughout the City could result in construction. As such, implementation of CAAP measures and actions could result in an increase in criteria pollutants during construction activities, such as excavation and grading, which would also contribute to the nonattainment status (O3, PM10, and PM2.5) of the SCAB. Fugitive dust emissions would result from land clearing, grading operations, and construction equipment operations over unpaved project sites. Combustion emissions, such as NO x and PM10, are most significant when using large diesel -fueled scrapers, loaders, bulldozers, haul trucks, compressors, generators, and other types of equipment. Implementation of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions and GPSE policies would not include large-scale construction within the City and would involve temporary and short-term criteria pollutant emissions.

Some air districts, such as the Bay Area Air District (BAAD) , previously known as the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, provide screening criteria to determine if projects have the potential to result in exceedances of regional thresholds for pollutants for which the air basin is in nonattainment. The SCAQMD does not have screening criteria like BAAD, but notably its regional thresholds for construction are higher than BAAD’s; as such, the use of BAAD’s screening criteria would present a conservativ e screening of potential impacts. For example, BAAD’s construction screening provides for construction of 416 apartment units or 254 single-family residences, or 10 acres of a city park, or 452,000 square feet of strip mall before having the potential to exceed BAAD’s daily thresholds of an average of 54 pounds per day of ROG, NOx, and PM 2.5 (exhaust), and 82 pounds per day of PM 10 (exhaust). The construction of EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure would be much less extensive compared to the BAAD screening criteria. It would be reasonable to conclude that these opportunity measure projects would not result in exceedances of SCAQMD’s construction thresholds of 100 pounds per day of NOx, 75 pounds per day volatile organic compounds (ROG), 150 pounds per day of PM 10, 55 pounds per day of PM 2.5, 150 pounds per day of oxides of sulfur, and 550 pounds per day of CO. Additionally, implementation and construction of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions discussed above would be required to comply with all regional and local regulations, such as with SCAQMD Rule 403 to control dust emissions during any dust-generating activities. Implementation of CAAP Opportunity Measure OR1 would support adoption of zero-emission off-road equipment during construction, which would reduce criteria air pollutant emissions

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from construction equipment. As such, the CAAP and GPSE would result in low -level criteria pollutant emissions and less-than-significant impacts to air quality. Future CAAP/GPSE -related projects would also be reviewed for consistency with SCAQMD air quality regulations and other applicable local, State, and federal regulations once project details and locations are known. Thus, the construction required for implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to net increase of criteria pollutants.

Regarding potential operational impacts, many CAAP opportunity measures and actions and GPSE policies would reduce criteria air pollutant emissions with measures and actions that aim to increase energy efficiency and electrification; encourage EV use, carpooling, and travel by alternative modes; and reduce VMT. In addition, future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be required to comply with local, regional, and State air quality regulations. Thus, operational impacts associated with the CAAP and GPSE would be less than significant related to net increase of criteria pollutants. c) Would the project expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? Less-than-Significant Impact. The CAAP and GPSE are policy-level documents that do not propose specific development plans and would not result in impacts related to exposure of sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations. However, implementation and construction of CAAP opportunity measures and actions GPSE policies could potentially be located in close proximity to other residences, schools, and/or parks and would be subject to policies and standards presented by SCAQMD, as well as the General Plan and BPMC for construction standards regarding air quality. Additionally, CARB has published the Air Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Community Health Perspective (CARB 2005), which identifies certain types of facilities or sources that may emit substantial quantities of TACs and therefore could conflict with sensitive land uses, such as “schools and schoolyards, parks a nd playgrounds, daycare centers, nursing homes, hospitals, and residential communities.” The facilities or sources that may emit substantial quantities of TACs include the following:
▪ High-traffic freeways and roads
▪ Distribution centers
▪ Rail yards
▪ Ports
▪ Refineries
▪ Chrome plating facilities
▪ Dry cleaners
▪ Large gas dispensing facilities
The Air Quality and Land Use Handbook is a guide for siting of new sensitive land uses, but it does not mandate specific separation distances to avoid potential health impacts. CARB recommends that sensitive receptors not be located downwind or in proximity to such sources to avoid potential h ealth hazards.

Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not include any of the previously listed land uses that may emit substantial quantities of TACs.

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The greatest potential for TAC emissions would be diesel particulate matter (DPM) emissions from heavy equipment operations and heavy-duty trucks during construction of EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associ ated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure. Additionally, the electrification of existing homes and commercial buildings and tree planting and landscaping at City parks and open spaces, residential neighborhoods, a nd throughout the City could result in construction. According to the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, health risk assessments (which determine the exposure of sensitive receptors to toxic emissions) should be based on a 30 -year exposure p eriod for the maximally exposed individual receptor; however, such assessments should also be limited to the period/duration of activities associated with the project. As previously discussed, specific projects are not identified and , as the CAAP and GPSE are policy -level documents, adoption would not result in direct short -term construction emissions. Furthermore, off-road equipment used by potential contractors for the construction of the project is subject to CARB’s In-Use Off- Road Diesel Fueled Fleets Regulation (Off -Road Regulation). The Off -Road Regulation applies to all equipment greater than 25 horsepower; the goal i s to reduce particulate matter and NOx emissions from in-use (existing) off-road heavy-duty diesel vehicles in California through retiri ng, replacing, or repowering older engines, or installing Verified Diesel Emission Control Strategies. The Off -Road Regulation prohibits the addition of older vehicles into fleets in January 2014 and the phaseout of the oldest and dirtiest engines began in January 2024. Use of off -road heavy-duty construction equipment and on-road diesel trucks are also subject to CARB Airborne Toxics Control Measure to limit idling and reduce DPM.

As discussed previously, implementation of CAAP Opportunity Measure OR1 would support adoption of zero- emission off-road equipment during construction, which would also serve to reduce DPM from construction equipment. As such, the CAAP and GPSE would result in reduced DPM emissions and negligible impacts to sensitive rece ptors. Future CAAP/GPSE -related projects would also be reviewed for consistency with SCAQMD air quality regulations and other applicable local, State, and federal regulations once project details and locations are known. Thus, the construction required for implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to DPM.

The SCAQMD recommends a localized significance threshold (LST) analysis to evaluate the potential of localized air quality impacts to sensitive receptors in the immediate vicinity of a project from construction and operation; however, an operational LST analysis is only applicable to land uses with on -site emission sources and is generally not applicable to land uses that do not include substantial on -site sources of localized emissions. In addition, the LST methodology was developed to be used as a tool to assist lead agencies with analyzing localized impacts associated with project -level impacts. However, the LSTs are applicable to projects at the project-specific level and are not applicable to regional projects, such as the CAAP and GPSE, as specific projects have not been identified at this time. Therefore, neither a construction nor an operational LST analysis is recommended or provided herein.

Localized CO impacts or CO hotspots can be associated with heavily congested intersections. In 2007, the SCAQMD was designated in attainment for CO under both the CAAQS and NAAQS as a result of the steady decline in CO concentrations in the SCAB due to tur nover of older vehicles, introduction of cleaner fuels, and implementation of control technology on industrial facilities; therefore, the potential for CO hotspots in the SCAB is steadily decreasing. The SCAQMD conducted CO modeling for the 2003 AQMP 2 for the four worst-case intersections in the SCAB. At the time that the 2003 AQMP was prepared, the intersection of

2 SCAQMD’s CO hotspot modeling guidance has not changed since 2003.

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Wilshire Boulevard and Veteran Avenue was the most congested intersection in Los Angeles County, with an average daily traffic volume of approximately 100,000 vehicles per day; however, the peak modeled CO 1-hour concentration was estimated to be 4.6 parts per million (ppm) while the CAAQS is 20 ppm. Similarly, the maximum 8-hour CO concentration was 3.4 ppm at the Wilshire Boulevard and Veteran Avenue in 2002, while the CAAQS is 9.0 ppm.

Accordingly, CO concentrations at congested intersections would not exceed the 1-hour or 8-hour CO CAAQS unless projected daily traffic would be at least over 100,000 vehicles per day. Although there would be a temporary increase in vehicle trips related to construction worker commute and equipment delivery associated with certain CAAP opportunity measures and actions, implementation of the CAAP would not result in substantial long - or short -term vehicle trip generation at levels that could cause unhealthy concentrations of CO on nearby roadways. The CAAP proposes several opportunity measures and actions that would reduce VMT and, thus, CO impact, such as encouraging carpooling, installing and upgrading bicycle infrastructure and facilities, expanding pedestrian facilities and transit coverage, reducing parking requirements, upzoning residential zoning, and increasing job density and development around major transit stations. Therefore, a CO hotspot is not anticipated to occur, and associated impacts would be less than significant.

Regarding health effects associated with criteria air pollutants, health effects associated with O 3 include respiratory symptoms, worsening of lung disease leading to premature death, and damage to lung tissue.

Health effects associated with NOx include lung irritation and enhanced allergic responses. Health effects associated with CO include chest pain in patients with heart disease, headache s, light-headedness, and reduced mental alertness . Lastly, health effects associated with particulate matter (PM 10) include premature death and hospitalization, primarily for worsening of respiratory disease (CARB 2025). Because the CAAP and GPSE are policy-level documents, they are not directly anticipated to generate construction or operational criteria air pollutant emissions or potential associated health effects. As noted previously, some CAAP opportunity measures and actions would result in the construction of projects such as EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure that would generate emissions, but at levels that would be anticipated to be less than significant relative to SCAQMD thresholds based on the potential size of these projects. Because construction of those op portunity measure projects would not result in exceedances of SCAQMD’s thresholds, potential health effects associated with criteria air pollutants would be considered less than significant. Future CAAP/GPSE -related proje cts would also be reviewed for consistency with SCAQMD air quality regulations and other applicable local, State, and federal regulations once project details and locations are known.

In summary, the CAAP and GPSE would not expose students, faculty, children, elderly, and other sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations. As such, impacts would be less than significant. d) Would the project result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people?
Less-than-Significant Impact. The CAAP and GPSE are policy -level documents that would not result in impacts related to odors . However, implementation of and any associated construction related to CAAP opportunity measures and actions would result in temporary emissions of odors from construction activities such as asphalt paving and use of diesel-powered construction vehicles and equipment.

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CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would result in the construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems, and transit, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities would result in odorous emissions from construction equipment. Expansion of the City’s sidewalk network and construction of new bicycle lane facilities , outlined in CAAP Opportunity Measure T2, would result in asphalt paving. However, these activities would involve minimal use of heavy -duty diesel equipment and, thus, diesel emissions would be minimal, temporary, and highly localized. Additionally, implementation of CAAP Opportunity Measure OR1 would support adoption of zero -emission off -road equipment during construction, which would reduce odorous emissions from construction equipment.

Furthermore, these emissions would be temporary, short-term, and intermittent in nature and would cease upon completion of construction. Because odors would be temporary and would disperse rapidly with distance from sour ce, construction-generated odors would not adversely affect a substantial number of people. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to odors.

3.4 Biological Resources

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES – Would the project:
a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either
directly or through habitat modifications, on
any species identified as a candidate,
sensitive, or special status species in local
or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or
by the California Department of Fish and
Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?

b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any
riparian habitat or other sensitive natural
community identified in local or regional
plans, policies, regulations, or by the
California Department of Fish and Wildlife or
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?

c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state
or federally protected wetlands (including,
but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool,
coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling,
hydrological interruption, or other means?

d) Interfere substantially with the movement
of any native resident or migratory fish or
wildlife species or with established native
resident or migratory wildlife corridors,
or impede the use of native wildlife
nursery sites?

e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances
protecting biological resources, such as a
tree preservation policy or ordinance?

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Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted
Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural
Community Conservation Plan, or other
approved local, regional, or state habitat
conservation plan?

No rare or endangered plant or animal species occur in the City, although several species have been previously identified within the surrounding area. Limited riparian habitats remain along the Brea Creek Channel south of Malvern Avenue (City of Buena Park 2010b).
a) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to special-status species. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would involve ground -disturbing activities, including grading and excavation, could result in substantial adverse direct and indirect effects to special -status species depending on their location. Minor grading, excavation, and other ground disturbance would occur during the construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure, and during tree planting and landscaping at City parks and open spaces, residential neighborhoods, and throughout the City. Given the nature of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions, ground-disturbing activities associated with implementation of the CAAP would generally occur in already disturbed, developed areas such as roadways or parking lots where candidate, sensitive, or special-status species or their habitats are not present. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be located and designed strategically to reduce ground disturbance to the maximum extent possible. Notably, the CAAP opportunity measures and actions, while encouraging more efficient development, would not result in development in lands not already developed or designated for development. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would be required to comply with existing local, State, and federal regulations that conserve, protect, and preserve special -status species, and their habitat. Specifically, the federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) (16 U.S.C. Section 1531 et seq.) regulates the taking of species listed in the FESA as threatened or endangered. In general, persons subject to FESA (including private parties) are prohibited from “taking” endangered or threatened fish and wildlife species on private property, and from “taking” endangered or threatened plants in areas under federal jurisdiction or in violation of State law. Pursuant to the California Endangered Species Act (CESA), a permit from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) is required for projects that could result in the “take” of a plant or animal species that is listed by the State as threatened or endangered. In addition, California Fish and Game Code (CFGC) Sections 3511, 4700, 5050, and 5515 prohibit take or possession of fully protected species and do not provide for authorization of incidental take. As stated above, the City is not known to provide habitat for special-status species and plants, although protected species (such as

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migratory birds) may find nesting or foraging habitat within the City. Construction activities for implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would disturb nesting habitat for birds and raptors would be required to comply with the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and CFGC Sections 3503, 3503.5, and 3513. Compliance with FESA, CESA, CFGC, and the MBTA would minimize impacts and protect special-status species and their habitat. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be required to comply with General Plan Policy CS -4.3, which calls for the preservation and protection of rare or endangered species. In addition, future CAAP/GPSE-related projects on vacant lands —the most likely to provide potential habitat —would undergo the City’s discretionary review process, including completion of subsequent project-level planning and environmental review under CEQA that would ensure that identified resources are appropriately protected. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to special-status species.
b) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would involve ground -disturbing activities, including grading and excavation, could result in substantial adverse direct and indirect effects to riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community depending on their location . Minor grading, excavation, and other ground disturbance would occur during the construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure throughout the City. Given the nature of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions, ground- disturbing activities associated with implementation of the CAAP would generally occur in already disturbed, developed areas such as roadways or parking lots where riparian habitat or other sensitive natural communities are not present. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be located and designed strategically to reduce ground disturbance to the maximum extent possible. The location and details of future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be reviewed for consistency with applicable local, State, and federal regulations related to sensitive habitat prior to approval and would undergo the City’s discretionary review process, where applicable, including completion of subsequent project -level planning and environmental review under CEQA that would ensure that riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community are appropri ately protected. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than- significant impact related to riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community. c) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to wetlands. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would involve ground-disturbing activities, including grading and excavation, could result in substantial adverse direct and indirect effects to wetlands if present in the area of disturbance. Minor grading, excavation, and other ground disturbance would occur during the construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure. Given the nature of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions,

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ground-disturbing activities associated with implementation of the CAAP would generally occur in already disturbed, developed areas such as roadways or parking lots where riparian habitat or other sensitive natural communities are not present. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be located and designed strategically to reduce ground disturbance to the maximum extent possible. The location and details of future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be reviewed for consistency with applicable local, State, and federal regulations related to wetlands prior to approval and would undergo the City’s discretionary review process, where applicable, including completion of subsequent project -level planning and environmental review under CEQA that would ensure that wetlands are appropriately protected. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to wetlands. d) Would the project interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to wildlife corridors. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would involve construction activities and new structures. Minor grading, excavation, and other ground disturbance would occur during the construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and tran sit throughout the City. As discussed above, the City has limited riparian areas, no significant identified migratory corridors, and an overall lack of habitat as a highly developed area. Given the nature of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions, ground-disturbing activities associated with implementation of the CAAP would generally occur in already disturbed, developed areas such as roadways or parking lots where wildlife corridors are not present. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be located and designed strategically to reduce ground disturbance to the maximum extent possible. In addition, CAAP Opportunity Measures M7 and NU1 include actions aimed at maximizing carbon sequestration and supporting urban greening. The location and details of future CAAP/GPSE -related projects would be reviewed for consistency with applicable local, State, and federal regulations related to biological resources prior to approval and would undergo the City’s discretionary review process, where applicable, including co mpletion of subsequent project-level planning and environmental review under CEQA that would ensure that wildlife corridors are appropriately protected. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to wildlife corridors.
e) Would the project conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance?
No Impact. The General Plan includes policies to protect natural resources, such as plants and rare or endangered plant and wildlife species. The purpose of the CAAP and GPSE is to reduce GHG emissions within the City while also increasing resilience to the impacts of climate change . Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would be beneficial by helping Buena Park meet applicable local policies for protecting biological resources, including CAAP Opportunity Measure s M7 and NU1, which involve actions aimed at maximizing carbon sequestration and supporting urban greening. The CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable policies for preserving biological resources and would improve the City’s ability to achieve policies that protect biological resources.

Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to consistency with local biological resources protection policies.

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f) Would the project conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? No Impact. The City is not located in a Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP), Natural Communities Conservation Plan (NCCP), or other approved HCP area. For this reason, the CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with the provisions of an adopted HCP, NCCP, or other approved local, regional, or State HCP. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would have no impact in this regard.

3.5 Cultural Resources

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
V. CULTURAL RESOURCES – Would the project:
a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the
significance of a historical resource
pursuant to Section 15064.5?

b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the
significance of an archaeological resource
pursuant to Section 15064.5?

c) Disturb any human remains, including those
interred outside of formal cemeteries?

Historical resources generally consist of buildings, structures, improvements, and remnants associated with a significant historic event or person(s) and/or have a historically significant style, design, or achievement. In general, resources greater than 50 years ol d have the potential to be considered historic al resources. There are no structures within Buena Park included in the National Register of Historic Places. However, the Old Maizeland School is registered with the California Register of Historical Resources as California Historical Landmark No. 729.

Additionally, there are 14 other landmarks registered with the Orange County Historical Commission , and several landmarks of local interest identified in the General Plan (City of Buena Park 2010b). Table 3.5-1 lists the historical resources in Buena Park.

Table 3.5-1. Buena Park Historical Resources
Historical Resource Location/Address
Emery Borrow Fossil Pit Ralph B. Clark Regional Park, 8800 Rosecrans Avenue Los Coyotes Monument Los Coyotes Country Club (adjacent to flagpole), 8888 Los Coyotes Drive Dr. D.W. Hasson Home 7611 10th Street, south of Southern Pacific Railroad Whitaker-Jaynes House 6631 Beach Boulevard
Bacon House 6631 Beach Boulevard
Warren Building 6555 Beach Boulevard, south of Southern Pacific Railroad William E. Tice House 6591 Beach Boulevard
Stage Stop Hotel 6603 Beach Boulevard, across from Civic Center

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Table 3.5-1. Buena Park Historical Resources
Historical Resource Location/Address
Knott’s Berry Farm 8039 Beach Boulevard
Old Maizeland School Knott’s Berry Farm Ghost Town
George Trapp House 8352 Crescent Avenue
First Congregational Church 6633 Beach Boulevard
Buena Park Women’s Club 6701 Beach Boulevard
Lily Creamery Site 6586 Beach Boulevard
Bacon Avocado Buena Park Grand Hotel & Suites (Courtyard), 7762 Beach Boulevard California Pepper Trees North side of Orangethorpe Avenue between St. Pius Catholic Church property and Stater Bros. property
Source: City of Buena Park 2010b.

Archaeological resources are defined as the material remains of any area’s prehistoric (aboriginal/Native American) or historic (European and Euro-American) human activity. A record search at the Archaeological Information Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, completed for the General Plan indicated the possibility of a prehistoric resource site extending into the City’s northwest boundary (also incorporated into the Ralph B. Clark Regional Park), near the Bellehurst neighborhood. The site was identified in 19 75 as being within the boundaries of Buena Park and Fullerton. The site contained a lithic scatter, including a mano, pestle fragment with asphaltum, obsidian and chert flakes, polished stone fragments, and charred bone fragment s. This site was later resurveyed in 1976 and based on a 1995 re -evaluation, the site boundaries were found to lie in Fullerton. The Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) conducted a search of its Sacred Lands File for the General Plan for the affected project area (i.e., the City of Buena Park). The Sacred Lands File search did not indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources within a 0.5-mile radius of the City (City of Buena Park 2010b). a) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to Section 15064.5?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts to historical resources. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would involve structural improvements that could result in direct or indirect impacts to listed or eligible historical resources depending on their location. Such impacts could result from the construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure throughout the City. Additionally, CAAP actions that would implement retrofits for energy efficiency, all electric end uses, and solar PV panels could result in direct or indirect impacts to listed or eligible historical resources. CAAP opportunity measures and actions would be required to comply with General Plan Policies LU-19.35, LU-20.22, LU-22.5, CS-1.1, CS-1.2, CS-1.3, CS-1.4, CS-1.5, CS-1.6, CS-1.7, CS-2.1,CS-2.2, and CS-2.3 and Implementation Measures LU-6 and CS-12 through CS-22. Modifications to designated historic properties would be conducted consistent with Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring, and Reconstructing Historic Buildings, as outlined in General Plan Policy CS-2.2. Therefore, with compliance with the required General Plan policies and implementation measures and the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards , the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to historical resources.

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b) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to Section 15064.5?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts to archaeological resources. However, i mplementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would involve ground-disturbing activities, including grading and excavation, could cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource depending on their location . Minor grading, excavation, and other ground disturbance would occur during the construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, installing recycled water pipelines, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure throughout the City.

Given the nature of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions, ground -disturbing activities associated with implementation of the CAAP would generally occur in already disturbed, developed areas such as roadways or parking lots. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be located and designed strategically to reduce ground disturbance to the maximum extent possible. In addition, future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be reviewed for consistency with applicable local, regional, and State arch aeological regulations prior to final siting, and construction would be required to implement BMPs in accordance with General Plan Policy CS -3.1, which calls for protection and preservation of archaeological resources, and Implementation Measures CS-23 through CS-28, which require site surveys for archaeological resources, the halting of co nstruction and investigation and protection of previously undiscovered archaeological resources, and the implementation of mitigation plans, as necessary, to protect archaeological resources.

Therefore, with compliance with the required General Plan polici es and implementation measures, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to archaeological resources. c) Would the project disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? Less-than-Significant Impact. No conditions exist that suggest human remains are likely to be found in the City. Due to the level of past disturbance in the City, it is not anticipated that human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries, would be encountered durin g earth removal or disturbance activities. Moreover, the NAHC Sacred Lands File search did not indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources within the City. However, ground-disturbing activities associated with the construction of EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure , and during tree planting and landscaping at City parks and open spaces, residential neighborhoods, and throughout the City have the potential to disturb as -yet-unidentified human remains. Implementation of future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be reviewed for compliance with applicable local, regional, and State regulations regarding cultural resources, including the General Plan, such as General Plan Implementation Measure CS-29, which requires the halting of construction if human remains are discovered and proper notification procedures, to avoid impacts related to unknown human remains. In addition, as required by State law, the requirements and procedures set forth in PRC Section 5097.98 would be implemented, including notification of the Orange County Coroner, notification of the NAHC, and consultation with the i ndividual identified by the NAHC to be the “most likely descendant.” If human remains are found during excavation, excavation must stop in the vicinity of the find and any area that is reasonably suspected to overlay adjacent remains until the County Coroner has been called out, the remains have been investigated, and appropriate recommendations have been made for the treatment and disposition of the remains. Therefore, compliance with the General Plan and State regulations identified above would ensure that the CAAP and GPSE would result in less-than-significant impacts related to the inadvertent disturbance of any human remains.

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3.6 Energy

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
VI. Energy – Would the project:
a) Result in potentially significant
environmental impact due to wasteful,
inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of
energy resources, during project
construction or operation?

b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan
for renewable energy or energy efficiency?

Southern California Edison (SCE) is an investor-owned public utility that provides energy service to 15 million people within a 50,000-square-mile service area that encompasses 180 incorporated cities and 15 counties across Central, Coastal, and Southern California (SCE 2025). SCE is the primary electricity provider for the City. SCE obtains electricity from a variety of sources, including SCE-owned facilities and other private and publicly owned facilities that provide electricity through contracts and agreements. In 2022, SCE achieved a renewable energy procurement rate of 33% (SCE 2022).

Southern California Gas Company (SoCalGas) is an investor-owned public utility that provides natural gas service to 21.1 million people within a 24,000 -square-mile service area that encompasses more than 500 communities throughout Central and Southern California (SoCalGas 2025). SoCalGas is the primary natural gas supplier for the City. SoCalGas provides natural gas through an integrated natural gas transmission system, including pipelines and storage facilities.
a) Would the project result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would result in the consumption of en ergy resources during construction and operation. CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would result in the construction of EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated batte ry storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure would consume energy resources such as electricity, fuels, and non renewable resources during construction. Construction associated with implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would not involve large amounts of labor or extensive use of construction equipment. Worker trips and construction equipment may be required during installation of these facilities and infrastructure, resulting in the short-term consumption of diesel fuel and gasoline. Demand for energy resources during construction would vary throughout the construction period and would generally cease upon completion of construction. In addition, construction contractors would be required to comply with the provisions of California Code of Regulations Title 13 Sections 2449 and 2485,

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which would minimize unnecessary fuel consumption. Construction equipment would be subject to the EPA Construction Equipment Fuel Efficiency Standard, which would also minimize inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary fuel consumption. Occasional maintenance activities for these facilities and operational vehicle trips would be minimal; thus, associated operational fuel consumption would also be minimal.

The CAAP includes opportunity measures and actions that would improve energy efficiency by retrofitting new buildings with energy-efficient upgrades, requiring energy-efficient features, requiring new buildings to include zero-emission/very-low-emission appliances, adopting an electrification ordinance, and increasing solar PV panel requirements. Additionally, CAAP opportunity measures and actions would reduce fuel consumption by encouraging the adoption of EVs; installing bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure; implementing micromobility programs ; encouraging carpooling ; and reducing parking requirements.

Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in less-than-significant impacts related to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy.
b) Would the project conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? No Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts due to conflict with or obstruction of a State or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency. Construction and operation of future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be designed to comply with the energy source standards of the CALGreen and the California Building Energy Efficiency Standards by implementing sustainability and energy efficiency measures such as high-efficiency lighting and HVAC systems, low-flow water fixtures, dual -paned windows, and water -efficient landscaping and irrigation systems. Compliance with these regulations would minimize potential conflicts with adopted energy conservation plans. In addition, as discussed in Section 3.6(a) above, the CAAP includes opportunity measures and actions that would improve energy efficiency and reduce fuel consumption. These CAAP implementation measures and actions are consistent with goals and policies established by SB 100, CALGreen, and the California Building Energy Efficiency Standards. Thus, the CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with adopted renewable energy or energy conservation plans, and there would be no impact.

3.7 Geology and Soils

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
VII. GEOLOGY AND SOILS – Would the project:
a) Directly or indirectly cause potential
substantial adverse effects, including the
risk of loss, injury, or death involving:

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Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
i) Rupture of a known earthquake
fault, as delineated on the most
recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake
Fault Zoning Map issued by the
State Geologist for the area or
based on other substantial
evidence of a known fault? Refer to
Division of Mines and Geology
Special Publication 42.

ii) Strong seismic ground shaking?
iii) Seismic-related ground failure,
including liquefaction?
iv) Landslides?
b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss
of topsoil?
c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is
unstable, or that would become unstable as
a result of the project, and potentially result
in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading,
subsidence, liquefaction or collapse?

d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in
Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code
(1994), creating substantial direct or
indirect risks to life or property?

e) Have soils incapable of adequately
supporting the use of septic tanks or
alternative waste water disposal systems
where sewers are not available for the
disposal of waste water?

f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique
paleontological resource or site or unique
geologic feature?

The City is made up of urbanized land on generally flat topography with a slope of less than 20 feet per mile. The City consists of two different geomorphic areas: the Coyotes Hills and the Downey Plain. The Coyotes Hills form the northeast portion of the City and have an elevation ranging from approximately 400 to 600 feet. The Coyotes Hills were formed through earth movement and local faulting. The Downey Plain comprises the majority of the City’s land area and is characterized by nearly level topography. This plain was formed through a series of stream deposits from the Los Angeles, San Gabriel, Rio Hondo, and Santa Ana Rivers and consists of weathered unconsolidated and semi-consolidated alluvial soils. The City is underlain by the Talbert Aquifer, and sedimentary deposits from recent times (15,000 years ago) and the Pleistocene period (1 million years ago) (City of Buena Park 2010a).

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Earthquake Hazards
The City is not located within an Alquist -Priolo Fault Zone. The City is in a region of high seismic potential due to several active faults in the greater region, including the Norwalk Fault, Los Coyotes Fault, Los Alamitos Fault, Whittier-Elsinore Fault, and the Newport-Inglewood Fault. The Norwalk Fault is locat ed in the north and northeast portion of the City and the Los Coyotes Fault is north of the City boundary (City of Buena Park 2010a).

Liquefaction can be defined as the loss of soil strength or stiffness due to a buildup of pore-water pressure during a seismic event and is associated primarily with relatively loose, saturated fine- to medium-grained unconsolidated soils. Seismic ground shaking of relatively loose, granular soils that are saturated or submerged can cause the soils to liquefy and temporarily behave as a dense fluid. Liquefaction is caused by a sudden temporary increase in pore- water pressure due to seismic densification or other displacement of submerged granular soils. Liquefaction susceptibility is considered high throughout the majority of the City. The northeastern portion of the City is generally not mapped as susceptible to liquefaction, except for those areas adjoinin g Coyote Creek . Lateral spreading is commonly induced by liquefaction of material during an earthquake. Due to the high susceptibility of liquefaction in the City, the potential similarly exists for lateral spreading (City of Buena Park 2010a).

The City is not located within an area identified as having the potential for earthquake-induced landslides. However, the areas which are underlain by the Norwalk Fault (northeastern portion of the City) may be prone to earthquake- induced slope failure. Additionally, landslide potential in Buena Park is considered low due to the flat topography of the majority of the City. However, there is potential for landslides in the Coyote Hills area due to the sloping topography (City of Buena Park 2010a).

Soil Characteristics and Soil Expansion
The City is urbanized and primarily built out. Surface soils in the City may no longer reflect the natural soil associations and characteristics because topsoil in the City has been predominantly developed. Fill material of unknown origin and varying composition currently cover s most of the City’s developed area. Soil types within the City include the following: Bolsa silt loam, drained; Metz loamy sand; Metz loamy sand, moderate fine substratum; San Emigdio fine sandy loam, 0% to 2% slopes; Mocho loam, 0% to 2% slopes; Chino silty clay loam, drained; and Corralitos loamy sand (City of Buena Park 2010a).

Expansiveness, or the potential to swell and shrink with repeated cycles of wetting and drying, is a common feature of fine-grained clayey soils. The change in volume exerts stress on buildings and other loads placed on these soils.

The occurrence of these soils is often associated with geologic units having marginal stability. The distribution of expansive soils can be widely dispersed, and they can occur in hillside areas as well as low -lying alluvial basins.

Expansive soils are present on Knott’s Berry Farm; at the western edge of the City, west of Knott Avenue; north of La Palma and south of Orangethorpe; in the northeastern portion of the City near the intersection of Fullerton Creek and I-5; and are expected in the Coyote Hills (City of Buena Park 2010a).

Paleontological Resources
Paleontological resources are plant and animal fossils dated from 3.5 million to 7,000 years ago. Typical paleontological resources include hardened remains from plants, vertebrates, or invertebrates. Paleontological resources are afforded protection by federal, S tate, and county environmental laws and guidelines. Known

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paleontological resources within the City include the Emery Borrow Pit Fossil site located in the Ralph B. Clark Regional Park (City of Buena Park 2010b).
a) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving:
i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42.

No Impact. There are no delineated Alquist -Priolo Earthquake Fault Zones within the City. Therefore, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not result in rupture of a known earthquake fault. No impact would occur.
ii) Strong seismic ground shaking?
No Impact. The City is in a region of high seismic potential due to several active faults in the greater region.

However, the CAAP and GPSE do not include construction of habitable structures and thus would not result in the exposure of new people or property to stro ng seismic ground shaking hazards. No impact would occur.
iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? No Impact. Liquefaction susceptibility is considered high throughout the majority of the City. However, the CAAP and GPSE do not include construction of habitable structures and thus would not result in the exposure of new people or property to seismic -related ground failure, including liquefaction. No impact would occur.
iv) Landslides?
No Impact. The City is not located within an area identified as having the potential for earthquake-induced landslides. Therefore, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not result in landslides . No impact would occur.
b) Would the project result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? Less-than-Significant Impact. Based on the soil types in the City, runoff is slow and the erosion hazard is slight, if the soil is bare. However, the City is urbanized and approximately 98% built out. Therefore, surface soils in the City may no longer reflect the natural soil associations because the City’s topsoil has been predominantly replaced through development. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would involve ground-disturbing activities have the potential to cause soil erosion and loss of topsoil.

Minor grading, excavation, and other ground disturbance would occur during the construction of EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities , and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure , and during tree planting and landscaping at City parks and open spaces, residential neighborhoods, and throughout the City. Given the nature of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions, ground -disturbing activities associated with implementation of the CAAP would generally occur in already disturbed, developed areas such as roadways

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or parking lots. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be required to comply with General Plan Policy CF-7.6 and Implementation Measure CF-32, which require BMPs to provide erosion and sediment control (City of Buena Park 2010b). Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in substantial soil erosion of the loss of topsoil. Impacts would be less than significant. c) Would the project be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on - or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse?
No Impact. Landslide hazards and liquefaction are discussed in Sections 3.7(a.iii) and 3.7(a.iv) above. The City has had no known cases of lateral spreading resulting in damage to property or structures and has a very low potential of subsidence. Furthermore, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE do not include construction of habitable structures that could be affected by lateral spreading, subsidence, or collapse.

No impact would occur.
d) Would the project be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18 -1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property? No Impact. Expansive soils are known to occur within the City; however, the CAAP and GPSE do not include construction of habitable structures that could be affected by expansive soils. No impact would occur. e) Would the project have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? No Impact. The CAAP and GPSE do not include installation of any septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems. Therefore, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not result in soils incapable of supporting septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems. No impact would occur. f) Would the project directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature?
Less-than-Significant Impact. There are known paleontological resources within the City at the Emery Borrow Pit Fossil site located in the Ralph B. Clark Regional Park (City of Buena Park 2010b). This facility would not be affected by the CAAP. Potential for undiscovered resources elsewhere in the City does exist.

Minor grading, excavation, and other ground disturbance s would occur during the construction of EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure , and during tree planting and landscaping at City parks and open spaces, residential neighborhoods, and throughout the City. Given the nature of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions, ground-disturbing activities associated with implementation of the CAAP would generally occur in already disturbed, developed areas such as roadways or parking lots.

Furthermore, future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be consistent with General Plan Policy CS-3.1, which calls for the preservation and protection of paleontological resources, and General Plan Implementation Measures CS -27 and CS -28, which outline procedures for inadvertent discovery o f paleontological resources and requirements for paleontological resources monitoring. As such, the CAAP and GPSE would not direct ly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature. Impacts would be less than significant.

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3.8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
VIII. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS – Would the project:
a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either
directly or indirectly, that may have a
significant impact on the environment?

b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or
regulation adopted for the purpose of
reducing the emissions of greenhouse
gases?

GHGs are gases that absorb infrared radiation (i.e., trap heat) in the earth’s atmosphere. The trapping and buildup of heat in the atmosphere near the earth’s surface (the troposphere) is referred to as the “greenhouse effect” and is a natural process that contributes to the regulation of the earth’s temperature, creating a livable environment.

The earth’s temperature depends on the balance between energy entering and leaving the planet’s system, and many factors (natural and human) can cause changes in the earth’s energy balance. Human activities that generate and emit GHGs to the atmosphere increase the amount of infrared radiation that gets absorbed before escaping into space, thus enhancing the greenhouse effect and causing the earth’s surface temperature to rise. This rise in temperature has led to large-scale changes to the earth’s system (e.g., temperature, precipitation, wind patterns), which are collectively referred to as climate change.

Climate change refers to significant shifts in global or regional climate patterns due to human-caused increases in GHGs. Principal GHGs relevant to the CAAP include CO2, methane, and nitrous oxide. Historically, climate changes were driven by natural causes like solar energy variations, volcanic eruptions, and natural GHG changes. However, recent warming observed over the past century is primarily due to human activities . Evidence includes rapid increases in atmospheric GHG concentrations, positive radiative forcing, observed warm ing, and improved understanding of the climate system.

The federal government regulates GHGs through several key measures. The U.S. Supreme Court ’s ruling in Massachusetts v. EPA led to the EPA’s Endangerment and Cause or Contribute Findings, establishing the foundation for regulating GHGs from new motor vehicles under the Clean Air Act. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 aims to reduce national GHG emissions by increasing alternati ve fuel sources and setting fuel economy standards. Federal vehicle standards have been established to reduce GHG emissions from various types of vehicles. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 includes significant investments in renewable energy and energy efficiency, aiming to reduce GHG emissions by 40% by 2030 compared to 2005 levels. Recent EOs have impacted these regulations, with some measures being reconsidered or paused.

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The State of California has enacted numerous regulations, including EOs, ABs, SBs, and other plans and policies, aimed at directly or indirectly reducing GHG emissions and addressing climate change issues. The following regulations highlight the State’s foundational climate goals related to climate mitigation. ▪ EO S-3-05 (2005) identified the following targets: reduce GHG emissions to 2000 levels by 2010, to 1990 levels by 2020, and to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050.
▪ AB 32 (2006), the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (California Health and Safety Code Sections 38500 –38599), provided initial direction on creating a comprehensive multiyear program to reduce California’s GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 and initiate the transformations required to achieve the State’s long-range climate objectives.
▪ SB 32 (2016) codified the 2030 emissions reduction goal of EO B-30-15 by requiring CARB to ensure that statewide GHG emissions are reduced to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030. EO B -30-15 (2018) identified an interim GHG reduction target in support of targets previously identified under EO S -3-05 and AB 32.

EO B-30-15 set an interim target goal of reducing GHG emissions to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030 to keep California on its trajectory toward meeting or exceeding the long-term goal of reducing GHG emissions to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, as set forth in EO S-3-05. ▪ EO B-55-18 (2018) identified a policy for the State to achieve carbon neutrality as soon as possible (no later than 2045) and achieve and maintain net-negative emissions thereafter. ▪ AB 1279 (2022), the California Climate Crisis Act (2022) declares the policy of the State to achieve net-zero GHG emissions as soon as possible, but no later than 2045, and achieve and maintain net -negative GHG emissions thereafter; and by 2045, statewide anthropogenic GHG emissions must be reduced to at least 85% below 1990 levels.

SCAQMD plays an important role in regulating GHGs within the context of CEQA by providing guidance to local lead agencies on estimating emissions and assessing impacts of GHG emissions in their CEQA documents.

SCAQMD has adopted GHG significance thresholds for projects where SCAQMD is the lead agency and draft GHG significance thresholds for projects where other agencies are the lead.

California’s 18 Metropolitan Planning Organizations have been tasked with creating SCSs to reduce the region’s VMT in order to help meet AB 32 targets through integrated transportation, land use, housing, and environmental planning. The RTP/SCSs do not require that local General Plans, Specific Plans, or zoning be consistent with it but provide incentives for consistency for governments and developers.

Connect SoCal 2024 is the RTP/SCS for the Southern California region that encompasses the City of Buena Park.

As noted above, the CAAP is a comprehensive road map that outlines the activities and informs the decisions that an agency will undertake to achieve reductions in GHG emissions while also increasing resilience to the impacts of climate change.

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The City of Buena Park decided to prepare a CAAP to strategically address and mitigate the impacts of climate change. The CAAP aims to:
▪ Reduce GHG Emissions: Establishing a road map to lower emissions from both municipal operations and the community
▪ Adapt to Climate Change: Evaluating local and regional climate impacts, assessing the City’s vulnerability, and recommending strategies to enhance resilience
▪ Improve Environmental Sustainability: Implementing actions to achieve carbon neutrality and create a climate-resilient city
The plan builds on existing sustainability efforts and provides tailored strategies, metrics, and potential policies to meet GHG reduction goals.
a) Would the project generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment?
Less-than-Significant Impact. The CAAP and GPSE are policy -level documents and adoption would not directly result in short -term construction or long -term operational emissions. However, some CAAP opportunity measures and actions would result in the construction of projects such as EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure. The construction of these types of projects would not include large-scale construction but would result in short -term increases in GHG emissions due to the combustion of petroleum -based fuels. This includes fuel used for off -road construction equipment, construction worker travel, and vendor deliveries. However, these short-term emissions would be offset by long-term reductions achieved through the implementation of opportunity measures that serve to reduce VMT, energy use, decarbonize buildings and vehicles, and increase renewable energy. Tables 2-1 and 2-2 show the baseline inventory for the community and municipal operations, respectively. Table 2-3 shows the community-wide GHG inventory for the City’s BAU and ABAU scenarios, and Table 2-4 shows the municipal GHG inventory for the City’s BAU and ABAU scenarios.

Implementation of opportunity measures along with State and federal regulations would result in a net decrease in the overall total baseline GHG inventories from 546,000 MT CO2e annually in 2023 to 443,855 MT CO2e annually in 2030 and 313,440 MT CO2e annually in 2045.

Importantly, construction-related GHG emissions have been factored into the GHG baseline and future GHG emissions inventory for the City, which forms the basis for target setting. The City’s reduction targets are informed by the framework of GHG reduction legislation established through State legislation. The City’s reduction targets were chosen to align with the relevant reduction goals for future years 2030 and 2045 established by SB 32 and AB 1279, respectively. By aligning with the State’s goals and framework, the City will ensure it is doing its fair share in helping the State reach its reductions. As such, the proposed CAAP and GPSE would not generate GHG emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment. The impact would be less than significant.

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b) Would the project conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases?
Less-than-Significant Impact. The CAAP and GPSE ’s potential to conflict with applicable GHG reduction plans is evaluated below.

Potential to Conflict with SCAG’s RTP/SCS
In April 2024, SCAG adopted the 2024 –2050 RTP/SCS, also referred to as Connect SoCal 2024.

Connect SoCal 2024 builds on the prior RTP/SCS and identifies the following strategy areas to support its environmental goals: Sustainable Development, Air Quality, Clean Transportation, Natural and Agricultural Lands Preservation, and Climate Resilience (SCAG 2024). The primary objective of the RTP/SCS is to provide guidance for future regional growth (i.e., the location of new residential and non -residential land uses) and transportation patterns throughout the region, as stipulated under SB 375. The CAAP and GPSE’s potential to conflict with the 2024–2050 RTP/SCS strategies is presented below. ▪ Sustainable Development . The 2024 –2050 RTP/SCS identifies sustainable development, including water- and energy-efficient building practices and green infrastructure, as a strategy to reduce GHG emissions. The CAAP and GPSE are policy -level documents that include opportunity measures that would help reduce water and energy use and encourage the development of green infrastructure. Accordingly, the CAAP and GPSE would support this strategy. ▪ Air Quality. The 2024–2050 RTP/SCS identifies air quality as an environmental strategy because the transportation sector is the predominant source of criteria air pollutant emissions in the region.

The 2024–2050 RTP/SCS states that a comprehensive and coordinated regio nal solution with integrated land use and transportation planning from all levels of governments will be required to achieve the needed emission reductions (SCAG 2024). The CAAP and GPSE would support this strategy through opportunity measures that seek to optimize land use and reduce commute distances, enhancing the active transportation environment, and incentivizing the use of public transit.
▪ Clean Transportation. One of the technology innovations identified in the 2024 –2050 RTP/SCS that would apply to the CAAP and GPSE is the promotion and support of low-emission technologies for transportation, such as alternative -fueled vehicles to reduce per -capita GHG emissions. The CAAP and GPSE includes opportunity measures to electrify the City fleet, encourage the transition to EV vehicles, and encourage the electrification of loading docks to decrease emissions from truck refrigeration units.
▪ Natural and Agricultural Lands Preservation. The 2024–2050 RTP/SCS promotes the conservation and restoration of natural and agricultural lands through several policies, such as quantifying the carbon sequestration potential of natural and agricultural lands and prioritizing sensitive habitat and wildlife corridors for permanent protection. The CAAP and GPSE would encompass the City boundaries and do not include agricultural lands ; however, opportunity measures in the CAAP would enhance carbon sequestration on public lands and support the urban greening of the City.

Accordingly, the CAAP and GPSE would support this strategy. ▪ Climate Resilience. The 2024–2050 RTP/SCS promotes regional coordination and solutions for effective emergency response for climate-related hazards. Additionally, in the category of climate resilience, SCAG has established the following policies: prioritize the most vulnerable populations

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and communities subject to climate hazards, support local and regional climate and hazard planning, support nature -based solutions to increase regional resilience, promote sustainable water use planning, and support an integrated planning approach to help jurisdictions meet housing needs in a drier environment. The CAAP and GPSE are policy-level documents that identify potential climate hazards and include specific policies to address those hazards. Specifically, Chapter 4 of the CAAP discusses how to address the impacts of climate-related natural hazards on communities. The CAAP also includes a Vulnerability Assessment in Appendix C to help inform the development of policies and measures to increase climate resiliency.

Based on the analysis above, the project would not conflict with the SCAG 2024 –2050 RTP/SCS. The impact would be less than significant.

Potential to Conflict with State Reduction Targets and CARB’s Scoping Plan As discussed above, the City’s reduction targets were chosen to align with the relevant reduction goals for future years 2030 and 2045 established by SB 32 and AB 1279, respectively. By aligning with the State’s goals and framework, the City will ensure it is doing its fair share in helping the State reach its reductions.

As such, the proposed CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with State reduction targets identified in the Scoping Plans. The impact would be less than significant.

Summary
The CAAP and GPSE are policy -level documents that include opportunity measures that are supportive of strategies encapsulated in the regional GHG reduction plan, Connect SoCal 2024, and the State reduction plans of the CARB Scoping Plans and , as such , would not conflict with applicable plans, policies, or regulations adopted for the purpose of reducing GHG emissions. The impact would be less than significant.

3.9 Hazards and Hazardous Materials

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
IX. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS – Would the project:
a) Create a significant hazard to the public or
the environment through the routine
transport, use, or disposal of hazardous
materials?

b) Create a significant hazard to the public or
the environment through reasonably
foreseeable upset and accident conditions
involving the release of hazardous materials
into the environment?

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Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle
hazardous or acutely hazardous materials,
substances, or waste within one-quarter
mile of an existing or proposed school?

d) Be located on a site that is included on a list
of hazardous materials sites compiled
pursuant to Government Code Section
65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a
significant hazard to the public or the
environment?

e) For a project located within an airport land
use plan or, where such a plan has not been
adopted, within two miles of a public airport
or public use airport, would the project
result in a safety hazard or excessive noise
for people residing or working in the project
area?

f) Impair implementation of or physically
interfere with an adopted emergency
response plan or emergency evacuation
plan?

g) Expose people or structures, either directly
or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss,
injury or death involving wildland fires?

For the purposes of this analysis, the term “hazardous material” includes any material that, because of its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical, or biological characteristics, poses a considerable present or potential hazard to human health or safety, or to the environment. It refers generally to hazardous chemicals, radioactive materials, and biohazards materials. “Hazardous waste,” a subset of hazardous material, is material that is to be abandoned, discarded, or recycled, and includes chemicals, radioactive, and bio -hazardous waste (including medical waste) (City of Buena Park 2010a). Table 3.9-1 includes a summary of known hazardous materials release sites lo cated within the City (SWRCB 2025).

Table 3.9-1. Hazardous Material Release Sites Within the City Site Type Site Count Site Status
Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST)
Cleanup Site
99 Case Closed
8 Open
Cleanup Program Site 23 Case Closed
4 Open
Source: SWRCB 2025.

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Fullerton Municipal Airport is located immediately adjacent to the City of Buena Park’s northeastern City limits.

Additionally, the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base is located approximately 2 miles to the southwest. The Fullerton Municipal Airport is a general aviation airport and the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base provides facilities for multiple armed services. The City is not located within 2 miles of any other public airport or public use airport. The next closest air facility is the Lon g Beach Airport located approximately 14 miles to the west (City of Buena Park 2010a).

The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) has mapped Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZs) for the entire state. FHSZs are based on an evaluation of fuels, fire history, terrain, housing density, and occurrence of severe fire weather and are intended to identify areas where urban fires could result in catastrophic losses. FHSZs are categorized as Moderate, High, and Very High. According to CAL FIRE’s Fire Hazard Severity Zone Viewer, the northeast corner of the City near Ralph B. Cla rk Regional Park includes moderate, high, and very high FHSZs in the Local Responsibility Area (CAL FIRE 2025). There are no FHSZs in State Responsibility Areas in the City (CAL FIRE 2024).
a) Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would involve the use of hazardous materials during construction and routine maintenance. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be required to comply with relevant federal, State, and local regulations that require strict adherence to guidelines regarding the safe use, transportation, and disposal of hazardous materials as well as ensuring the reduction of the potential for humans or the environment to be affected by an accidental release of hazardous materials. Consequently, use of these materials for their intend ed purpose would not pose a significant risk to the public or environment. With adherence to federal, S tate, and local regulations, impacts associated with routine transport, use, and disposal of hazardous materials would be less than significant. b) Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As discussed in Section 3.9(a) above, future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be required to comply with relevant federal, State, and local regulations that require strict adherence to guidelines regarding the safe use, transportation, and disposal of hazardous materials as well as ensuring the reduc tion of the potential for humans or the environment to be affected by an accidental release of hazardous materials. CAAP opportunity measures and actions would increase renewable energy generation and storage within the City to provide clean energy sources by establishing micro -grid projects and encouraging small-scale renewable energy infrastructure such as rooftop solar PV on new and existing buildings and solar PV shade structures over parking lots. Hazardous materials used in battery energy storage systems would generally consist of lithium -ion batteries. Lithium -ion technology is a common battery storage medium and is considered one of the most efficient methods o f energy storage on the market. During normal operation, lithium -ion batteries do not represent a risk to off -site receptors, and safety standards applicable to energy storage facilities and safety certification tests established by independent bodies, such as Underwriter s Laboratories, National Fire Protection Association, and

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International Electrotechnical Commission , would prevent any reasonable possibility of a substantial adverse effect on the environment related to the lithium-ion batteries. However, in the unlikely event of a fire, there is a risk of the accidental release of hazardous materials associated with battery energy storage systems. Any future proposed battery energy storage facilities would, therefore, be carefully reviewed for appropriate locations, safety measures, and consistency with the General Plan and BPMC , as well as the applicable local, State, and federal regulations. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than- significant impact related to reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials.
c) Would the project emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to hazardous emissions, materials, or substances emitted in proximity to a school. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be required to comply with relevant federal, State, and local regulations that require strict adherence to guidelines regarding the safe use, transportation, and disposal of hazardous materials as well as ensuring the reduc tion of the potential for humans or the environment to be affected by an accidental release of hazardous materials. Because such laws are established to be protective of human health and the environment, compliance with applicable regulations is sufficient to ensure that any hazardous materials used during CAAP/GPSE implementation would not result in hazardous emissions within 0.25 miles of an existing or proposed school. Enforcement of General Plan policies would prevent hazardous emissions within 0.25 miles of an existing school. General Plan Policy SAF-4.3 directs the City to monitor the operations of businesses and individuals that handle hazardous materials through the planning and business permit process and Implementation Measure SAF-12 requires that businesses located within 0.25 miles or less from a residential neighborhood, or 0.50 miles from a critical care facility, follow the strictest guidelines possible regarding the handling, storage, containment, and transportation of extremely hazardous substances. With adherence to federal, State , and local regulations, impacts associated with hazardous emissions, materials, or substances emitted in proximity to a school would be less than significant.
d) Would the project be located on a site that is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment?
Less-than-Significant Impact. Sites with the potential to contain soil and/or groundwater contamination are located throughout the City. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to location on a hazardous materials site. However, future CAAP/GPSE-related projects could be located on listed hazardous materials sites and would be reviewed for consistency with the General Plan and BPMC and would be required to comply with applicable local, State, and federal regulations related to hazardous materials sites. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than- significant impact related to location on a listed hazardous materials site.

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e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area? No Impact. The City is located within the vicinity of the Fullerton Municipal Airport and the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base. Areas located in the northeastern portion of the City within 10,000 feet of the nearest runway of the Fullerton Municipal Airport are located within the Fullerton Municipal Airport Environs Land Use Plan (AELUP) planning area and are subject to building height restrictions and land use compatibility criteria of the AELUP. Areas located west of Knott Avenue and south of Ball Avenue are located within the aircraft noise contours of the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base. The CAAP and GPSE are policy documents that would not increase airport activity or result in additional habitable development or commercial development that could increase p otential exposure of residents and employees to aircraft - related hazards. Additionally, CAAP/GPSE -related projects would be reviewed for consistency with the AELUPs and other applicable local and State regulations related to the Fullerton Municipal Airport and the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to risks associated with proximity to an airport.
f) Would the project impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
Less-than-Significant Impact. The City has prepared an Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) (City of Buena Park 2021). The EOP describes a comprehensive emergency management system that provides for a response to natural disasters, technological incidents, terrorism, and other emergencies a nd major disasters. The EOP delineates operational concepts relating to various emergency situations, identifies components of the Emergency Management Organization, and describes the overall responsibilities for protecting life and property and ensuring the overall well-being of the population.

As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to impairment or interference of implementation of an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan.

Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions, such as the addition of new pedestrian, bicycle, and public transit facilities, would require construction on local roadways. Such projects would generally occur on local roads and not affect major highways typically used for emergency evacuation. Nonetheless, construction activities have the potential to require lane closures and may impact traffic and vehicle speeds on the affected roadways. These impacts would be temporary and access to roadways would generally be maintained throughout project construction. Furthermore, future CAAP/GPSE-related projects involving work in the public right-of-way or lane closures would be performed pursuant to a traffic-control plan subject to City approval, which would demonstrate that emergency access or evacuation would not be impeded.

Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to impairment or interference with implementation of an emergency response or evacuation plan. g) Would the project expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires?
No Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to exposure of people or structures to wildland fires. Construction and operation of future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be required to comply with Section 16.00.010 of the BPMC, which adopts the 2022

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California Fire Code by reference. Additionally, the CAAP and GPSE do not include construction of habitable structures that could be exposed to wildland fire. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to risks associated with exposure to wildland fires.

3.10 Hydrology and Water Quality

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
X. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY – Would the project:
a) Violate any water quality standards or waste
discharge requirements or otherwise
substantially degrade surface or ground
water quality?

b) Substantially decrease groundwater
supplies or interfere substantially with
groundwater recharge such that the project
may impede sustainable groundwater
management of the basin?

c) Substantially alter the existing drainage
pattern of the site or area, including through
the alteration of the course of a stream or
river or through the addition of impervious
surfaces, in a manner which would:

i) result in substantial erosion or siltation
on- or off-site;
ii) substantially increase the rate or
amount of surface runoff in a
manner which would result in
flooding on- or offsite;

iii) create or contribute runoff water
which would exceed the capacity of
existing or planned stormwater
drainage systems or provide
substantial additional sources of
polluted runoff; or

iv) impede or redirect flood flows?
d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones,
risk release of pollutants due to project
inundation?

e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of
a water quality control plan or sustainable
groundwater management plan?

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The City of Buena Park is within the Santa Ana River Basin watershed and is under the authority of the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board (Santa Ana RWQCB). The Santa Ana RWQCB is responsible for designing and implementing the Santa Ana River Basin Plan (Basin Plan), which is designed to preserve and enhance water quality and protect the beneficial uses of all regional waters. Specifically, the Basin Plan designates beneficial uses for surface and ground waters, sets narrative and numerical objectives that must be attained or maintained to protect the designated beneficial uses and conform to the State’s antidegradation policy, and describes implementation programs to protect all waters in the region. In addition, the Basin Plan incorporates all applicable State and Regional Board plans and policies and other pertinent water quality policies and regulations.

The Clean Water Act and other federal, State, and regional regulations require the City to control the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system, including the discharge of pollutants from construction sites and areas of new development or significant redevelopment. The Clean Water Act provides that states are authorized to operate their own National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) programs provided such programs meet minimum federal requirements. The Santa Ana RWQCB issues the municipal stormwater NPDES permit. Further, permittees are to ensure that stormwater discharges from the Municipal Separate Storm Water Sewer System (MS4) shall neither cause nor contribute to the exceedance of water quality standards and objectives, nor create conditions of nuisance in the receiving waters, and that the d ischarge of non -stormwater to the MS4 has been effectively prohibited.

The Orange County Drainage Area Management Plan (DAMP) was created to satisfy NPDES permit conditions for creating and implementing a Storm water Management Plan/Program to reduce pollutant discharges to the maximum extent possible. The DAMP contains guidelines on structural and nonstructural BMPs for meeting the NPDES goals. The DAMP identifies activities required to implement the minimum control measures required under the MS4 permit. In order to ensure that construction sites implement the appropriate pol lution control measures, the DAMP details recommended BMPs to be applied to new development and significant redevelopment in Orange County. The City of Buena Park, as a co-permittee, participates in the implementation of the DAMP by requiring a Water Quality Management Plan.

The majority of the City is located outside the 1% chance (100-year) flooding. However, certain portions of the City lie in Zone AO, identified as having a 100-year shallow flooding with average depths between 1.0 and 3.0 feet. The City is also located within proximity to four dams that can pose flooding hazards: Prado Dam, Fullerton Dam, Brea Dam, and Carbon Canyon Dam (City of Buena Park 2010b). a) Would the project violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts to violation of water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or degradation of water quality. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would involve ground- disturbing activities, including grading and excavation, could cause erosion and degraded water quality depending on their location. Minor grading, excavation, and other ground disturbance would occur during the construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure , and during tree planting and landscaping at City parks and open spaces, residential neighborhoods, and throughout the City. Given the nature of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions, ground -disturbing activities would generally occur in already disturbed, developed areas such as roadways or parking lots. Future CAAP/GPSE-

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related projects that would disturb over 1 acre of land would be required to prepare and implement a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), which would include water quality BMPs to ensure that water quality standards are met and that runoff from th e construction work areas does not cause degradation of water quality in receiving water bodies. Further, future CAAP/GPSE -related projects would be required to comply with BPMC Section 13.32.030, which requires new development and significant redevelopment within the City to comply with the DAMP. General Plan Policies CF-6.5, CF-6.6, and CF-7.6 require the City to continue to participate in the NPDES permit program , prepare a Water Quality Management Plan consistent with the RWQCB requirements for new development or redevelopment projects, and implement BMPs during site control and grading to prevent construction -related contaminants from polluting waterways. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in less-than-significant impacts related to surface or groundwater water quality b) Would the project substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to decreased groundwater supplies or interference with groundwater recharge.

Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would involve ground-disturbing activities, including grading and excavation, could require the use of water for dust abatement as needed via a water truck. These activities would be temporary and intermittent and would not involve the substantial use of groundwater. In addition, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would reduce water use by requiring water-efficient appliances and drought-tolerant landscaping and encouraging installation of residential graywater systems and use of rain barrels for irrigation, which would aid in maintaining groundwater supplies. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not decrease groundwater supplies or interfere with groundwater recharge and impacts would be less than significant. c) Would the project substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would:
i) Result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to erosion or siltation. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would involve construction activities could increase the amount of impervious surface that could result in an increase of surface runoff, depending on their location. However, given the nature of future CAAP/GPSE- related projects, it is likely that construction activities would occur in already disturbed areas developed with impervious surfaces. Further, future CAAP/GPSE -related projects would be required to comply with BPMC Section 13.32.030 and General Plan policies related to erosion control and water quality. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in substantial soil erosion and impacts would be less than significant.

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ii) Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or offsite?
iii) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to runoff water. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would result in ground-disturbing activities, including grading and excavation, could require the use of water for dust abatement as needed via a water truck. These activities would be temporary and intermittent and would not generate permanent water drainage flows. Furthermore, compliance with General Plan Policies CF-6.11 and CF -6.12 would minimize the amount of impervious surfaces and disturbance of natural drainage systems in conjunction with new development or redevelopment. Therefore, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not increase the rate or amount of surface runoff, create or contribute runoff water that would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems , or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff. Impacts would be less than significant. iv) Impede or redirect flood flows?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to impedance or redirection of flood flows. Portions of the City are located within zones identified as having a 100 -year shallow flooding with average depths between 1.0 a nd 3.0 feet. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects developed within a flood zone would be subject to the BPMC. Development within a Federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA) Flood Zone would be required to meet FEMA standards ref erenced in Title 18, Subdivisions and Floodplain Management, of the BPMC. The BPMC requires any development within a special flood hazards zone to be reviewed and approved by the City Engineer or designee , and mandates specific siting, design, and construction requirements for development within a flood zone. As such, the CAAP and GPSE would not impede or redirect flood flows.

Impacts would be less than significant.
d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, would the project risk release of pollutants due to project inundation?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to release of pollutants due to project inundation. Portions of the City are located within zones identified as having a 100 -year shallow flooding with average depths betwe en 1.0 and 3.0 feet.

Future CAAP/GPSE -related projects developed within a flood zone would be subject to the BPMC.

Development within a FEMA Flood Zone would be required to meet FEMA standards referenced in Title 18, Subdivisions and Floodplain Management, of the BPMC. The BPMC requires any development within a special flood hazards zone to be reviewed and approved by the City Engineer or designee , and mandates specific siting, design, and construction requirements for development within a flood zone. As discussed in Section 3.9, Hazards and Hazardous Materials, CAAP/GPSE projects would generally not involve the regular use or storage of hazardous m aterials with the exception of battery energy storage facilities that include the storage of lithium -ion batteries. Future CAAP/GPSE -related projects, such as battery energy storage facilities, would be reviewed for compliance with the applicable local, State, and federal regulations related

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to flooding and hazardous materials use. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than- significant impact related to flooding and inundation resulting in the release of pollutants. e) Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to conflict with or obstruction of implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan. As discussed in Section 3.10(a) above, future CAAP/GPSE- related projects that would disturb over 1 acre of land would be required to prepare and implement a SWPPP and implement BMPs to reduce erosion. Further, future CAAP/GPSE -related projects would be required to comply with BPMC Section 13.32.030 and General Plan policies related to erosion control and water quality . Therefore, implementation the CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan. Impacts would be less than significant.

3.11 Land Use and Planning

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XI. LAND USE AND PLANNING – Would the project:
a) Physically divide an established
community?
b) Cause a significant environmental
impact due to a conflict with any land use
plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the
purpose of avoiding or mitigating an
environmental effect?

Buena Park is an urbanized community with development concentrated throughout the City. Based on an inventory conducted for the City’s General Plan Land Use Element, existing land uses include 24,705 dwelling units and 18,014,425 square feet of non-residential uses. Single-family residential uses represent 35.01% of land in the City, multifamily residential represents 8.89%, commercial uses represent 9.24%, and industrial uses represent 11.46%.

Smaller percentages of the City include office, flood control, public use, lake, open space, railroad, school, tourist entertainment, utility, and right-of-way.

Existing land use designations in the City include residential land uses that range from low density to high density; several types of commercial, mixed-use, and industrial land uses with varying development intensity; entertainment; office; open space; and focus areas (City of Buena Park 2010b).

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a) Would the project physically divide an established community? No Impact. The physical division of an established community is typically associated with the construction of a linear feature, such as a major highway or railroad tracks, which would impair mobility within an existing community or between a community and an outlying area. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to physical division of an established community. The construction of new bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure would reduce vehicle congestion, encourage alternative modes of travel, and improve the public transit system, which would help to increase connectivity and access within the City. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to division of an established community.
b) Would the project cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? Less-than-Significant Impact. Adoption of the CAAP would implement General Plan Goal CS-22 (an action plan established to reduce or encourage reductions in GHG emissions from all sectors within the City).

Opportunity measures in the CAAP would be consistent with Goal CS -23 ( incentives aimed at reducing unnecessary energy and water consumption are implemented), Goals CS -6 through CS -8 (encouraging green building techniques), Goal CS -10 (solid waste reduction), Goal CS -11 (participation in source reduction, r ecycling, and composting activities), Goal CS -12 (reduction of the volume of solid waste generated and raw materials used by the City), Goal CS -13 (reduction of per-capita nonrenewable energy usage and Citywide peak electricity demand through energy efficiency and conservation), Goal CS -17 (development of transportation and transit -based measures to reduce trips and vehicle miles traveled), Goal CS-18 (increased transit ridership and reduced automobile usage), and Goal CS-20 (encouragement of alternative modes of travel and fuel sources).

The GPSE would update the currently adopted (2010) Safety Element to reflect current information on natural hazards, including revised wildfire severity hazards, and incorporate new policies to address climate adaptation and resiliency.

Implementation of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions and GPSE policies would require some modification of existing land use regulations. CAAP Opportunity Measure T4 includes residential upzoning, consistent with Housing Element Policy 3.2, and increasing job density through commercial and industrial rezoning, consistent with Land Use Policy LU-18.2. These changes would require amendments to the zoning ordinance and to General Plan land use classifications. The changes to residential and commercial/industrial land uses would be consistent overall with the principles, goals, and policies of the General Plan . Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to consistency with current land use plans or policies.

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3.12 Mineral Resources

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XII. MINERAL RESOURCES – Would the project:
a) Result in the loss of availability of a known
mineral resource that would be of value to
the region and the residents of the state?

b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally
important mineral resource recovery site
delineated on a local general plan, specific
plan or other land use plan?

The California Division of Mines and Geology does not identify any significant mineral aggregate resource areas within City boundaries. The riverbeds of the Brea, Carbon, Coyote, and Fullerton Creeks may have been a good source of sand, but channelization of these creeks and adjacent development precludes any mining activity. Large pockets of natural gas and oil have been found in adjacent communities, but they are not known to extend into Buena Park. No active oil extraction has occurred in the City (City of Buena Park 2010b). Additionally, the City’s General Plan does not include a designation for mineral resources or extraction operations. Mining and extraction operations are not listed as a permitted or conditionally permitted use for any zone in the City’s Zoning Ordinance a) Would the project result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state?
No Impact. There are no significant mineral aggregate resource areas within the City. The CAAP and GPSE would not facilitate additional urban growth or infrastructure development projects within the City that could result in the loss of availability of known mineral resources. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource and no impact would occur. b) Would the project result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan? No Impact. The City’s General Plan and zoning ordinance does not include any designations for mineral resources or extraction operations, nor does it identify any locally important mineral resource recovery sites.

The CAAP and GPSE would not facilitate additional urban growth or infrastructure development projects within the City that could result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site and no impact would occur.

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3.13 Noise

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XIII. NOISE – Would the project result in:
a) Generation of a substantial temporary or
permanent increase in ambient noise levels
in the vicinity of the project in excess of
standards established in the local general
plan or noise ordinance, or applicable
standards of other agencies?

b) Generation of excessive groundborne
vibration or groundborne noise levels?
c) For a project located within the vicinity of a
private airstrip or an airport land use plan
or, where such a plan has not been
adopted, within two miles of a public airport
or public use airport, would the project
expose people residing or working in the
project area to excessive noise levels?

Noise Basics
Noise is defined as unwanted sound. Sound may be described in terms of level or amplitude (measured in decibels [dB]), frequency or pitch (measured in hertz or cycles per second), and duration (measured in seconds or minutes).

The standard unit of measurement of the amplitude of sound is the decibel. Because the human ear is not equally sensitive to sound at all frequencies, a special frequency-dependent rating scale is used to relate noise to human sensitivity. The A-weighted decibel (dBA) scale performs this compensation by discriminating against low and very high frequencies in a manner approximating the sensitivity of the human ear at moderate sound levels. Several descriptors of noise (noise metrics) exist to help predict average community reactions to the adverse effects of environmental noise on a community. These descriptors include the equivalent noise level over a given period (Leq), the statistical sound level, the day –night average noise level (L dn), and the Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL). Each of these descriptors uses units of dBA. Table 3.13 -1 provides examples of A -weighted noise levels from common sounds. In general, human sound perception is such that a change in sound level of 3 dBA is barely noticeable, a change of 5 dBA is clearly noticeable, and a change of 10 dBA is perceived as doubling or halving the loudness.

Table 3.13-1. Typical Exterior and Interior Sound Levels in the Environment Common Outdoor Activities Noise Level (dBA) Common Indoor Activities — 110 Rock band
Jet flyover at 300 meters (1,000 feet) 100 —
Gas lawn mower at 1 meter (3 feet) 90 —

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Table 3.13-1. Typical Exterior and Interior Sound Levels in the Environment Common Outdoor Activities Noise Level (dBA) Common Indoor Activities Diesel truck at 15 meters (50 feet), at
80 kilometers per hour (50 mph)
80 Food blender at 1 meter (3 feet)
Garbage disposal at 1 meter (3 feet)
Noisy urban area, daytime 70 Vacuum cleaner at 3 meters (10 feet) gas lawn mower at 30 meters (100 feet)
Commercial area 60 Normal speech at 1 meter (3 feet)
Heavy traffic at 90 meters (300 feet)
Quiet urban daytime 50 Large business office
Dishwasher, next room
Quiet urban nighttime 40 Theater, large conference room (background)
Quiet suburban nighttime 30 Library
Quiet rural nighttime 20 Bedroom at night, concert hall (background)
— 10 Broadcast/recording studio
Lowest threshold of human hearing 0 Lowest threshold of human hearing Source: Caltrans 2013.

Note: dBA = A-weighted decibel.

The L eq value is a sound level energy -averaged over a specified period (typically no less than 15 minutes for environmental studies). It is a single numerical value that, if constant over time, represents the same amount of variable sound energy received by a receptor during a time interval. For example, a 1-hour Leq measurement would represent the average amount of energy contained in all the noise that occurred in that hour. L eq is an effective noise descriptor because of its ability to assess the total time-varying effects of noise on sensitive receptors.

Unlike the L eq metric, Ldn and CNEL descriptors always represent 24 -hour periods, often on an annualized basis.

Ldn and CNEL also differ from Leq because they apply a time-weighted dB adjustment designed to emphasize noise events that occur during the evening and nighttime hours (when speech and sleep disturbance are of more concern). “Time weighted” refers to the fact that L dn and CNEL penalize noise that occurs during certain sensitive periods. In the case of CNEL, noise occurring during the daytime (7:00 a.m.–7:00 p.m.) receives no penalty. Noise during the evening (7:00 p.m. –10:00 p.m.) is penalized by adding 5 dB, while nighttime (10:00 p.m. –7:00 a.m.) noise is penalized by adding 10 dB. L dn differs from CNEL in that the daytime period is defined as 7:00 a.m. – 10:00 p.m., thus eliminating the evening period. L dn and CNEL are the predominant criteria used to rate environmental noise affecting residential receptors. These two metrics generally differ from one another by no more than 0.5 to 1 dB and, as such, are often treated as equivalent to one another.

Vibration Basics
Vibration is the periodic oscillation of a medium or object with respect to a given reference point. Sources of vibration include natural phenomena (e.g., earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, sea waves, landslides) and those introduced by human activity (e.g., explosions, machinery, traffic, trains, construction equipment). Vibration sources may be continuous, such as factory machinery, or transient in nature, such as explosions.

Vibration amplitudes are commonly expressed in peak particle velocity (PPV) or root-mean-square (RMS) vibration velocity. PPV is defined as the maximum instantaneous positive or negative peak of a vibration signal. PPV is

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typically used in the monitoring of transient and impact vibration and has been found to correlate well to the stresses experienced by buildings (FTA 2006; Caltrans 2013). PPV and RMS vibration velocity are normally described in inches per second. Although PPV is appropriate for evaluating the potential for building damage, it is not always suitable for evaluating human response. It takes some time for the human body to respond to vibration signals. In a sense, the human body responds to average vibration a mplitude. The RMS of a signal is the average of the squared amplitude of the signal, typically calculated over a 1-second period. As with airborne sound, the RMS velocity is often expressed in decibel notation as vibration decibels (VdB), which serves to c ompress the range of numbers required to describe vibration (FTA 2006).

The typical background vibration-velocity level in residential areas such as the project area is approximately 50 VdB.

Typical outdoor sources of perceptible ground vibration are construction equipment, steel -wheeled trains, and traffic on rough roads. If a roadway is smooth, the ground vibration is rarely perceptible. Constant or transient vibrations can weaken structures, crack facades, and disturb occupants (FTA 2006).

Existing Sensitive Receptors
Noise- and vibration-sensitive land uses are generally considered to include those uses for which noise exposure could result in health -related risks to individuals, as well as uses for which quiet is an essential element of their intended purpose. Residen ces, schools, hospitals, guest lodging, libraries, and some passive recreation areas would be considered noise - and vibration -sensitive and may warrant unique measures for protection from intruding noise.

Existing Noise Sources
Buena Park is an urbanized community with numerous noise sources that contribute to the ambient background noise. Buena Park’s noise environment is dominated by vehicular traffic, including vehicular generated noise along the I-5 and SR -91 freeways, as well as major and primary arterials. The primary arterials that serve the City are Valley View Street, Beach Boulevard, Knott Avenue, Lincoln Avenue, and Orangethorpe Avenue. During peak travel hours, heavy traffic on Buena Park’s streets cause higher noise levels compared to noise levels during non -peak hours. These roadways have been designed to specifically carry large volumes, although long-established land use patterns have placed residential uses along some portions of these roadways.

Freight trains traverse the City during the daytime, evening, and nighttime periods along two branches. The Santa Ana Branch traverses the northern part of the City and the West Santa Ana Branch traverses the southern part of the City. Amtrak’s Pacific Surfliner and Southwest Chief trains, as well as the Metrolink 91 and Orange County Lines, use the tracks on a shared right-of-way agreement. Rail noise levels can exceed 75 dBA CNEL up to 20 feet from the tracks.

The two sources of air traffic affecting noise levels within the City are Fullerton Municipal Airport and the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base . The Fullerton Municipal Airport is located adjacent to the City’s eastern boundary across Dale Street and the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base is located approximately 1 mile southwest of the City. Both airports must comply with the Orange County Airport Land Use Commission land use plan limitations on aircraft noise.

Commercial and industrial land uses located near residential areas currently generate occasional noise impacts.

The primary noise sources associated with these facilities are caused by delivery trucks, air compressors,

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generators, outdoor loudspeakers, and gas venting. Other significant stationary noise sources in the City may include noise from construction activities, street sweepers, and landscaping equipment.

Noise from roller coasters and other rides at Knott’s Berry Farm can be heard in the areas surrounding the amusement park. Mechanical noise and guest screaming are the predominant sources of sound. Knott’s Berry Farm has taken measures to reduce noise from roller coasters by installing new wheels, valves, and diffusers to quiet the rides. Additionally, features such as metal canopies have been added on roller coaster drops to reduce noise.

Industrial noise sources are located in industrial zoned properties throughout the City. In general, industrial noise sources are not creating large-scale problems, but some localized noise problems related to industrial sources do exist. Depending on the type of industrial operation, noise sources could involve mechanical equipment, loading and unloading of vehicles and trucks, and amplified or unamplified communications. The level and intrusiveness of the noise generated also vary depending on the size and type of the facility, type of business, hours of operation, and location relative to sensitive land uses (City of Buena Park 2010a).

Existing Vibration Sources
The existing vibration environment, similar to that of the noise environment, is dominated by transportation-related vibration from roadways and rail lines in the City. Heavy truck traffic on local and regional roadway networks can generate groundborne vib ration, which varies considerably depending on vehicle type, weight, and pavement conditions. However, groundborne vibration levels generated from vehicular traffic are not typically perceptible outside of the right -of-way for major roadways and smart stre ets with a large capacity of heavy vehicle traffic.

Railroad operation and transit systems, such as freight trains and Metrolink operations, are an additional potentially substantial source of groundborne vibration that occurs within the City (City of Buena Park 2010b) Buena Park Noise Standards
The City ’s noise regulations are included in Chapter 8.28 of the BPMC, also known as the Noise Ordinance.

Construction-related and operational noise restrictions are discussed below:
▪ Construction Noise. Section 8.28.040 of the City of Buena Park Noise Ordinance regulates construction noise. The Noise Ordinance prohibits noise generated by construction activities between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. Monday through Saturday, and at any time on Sundays. The Noise Ordinance does not include specific noise level limits for construction activities. ▪ Operational Noise. Within the City, the Noise Ordinance governs operational noise generated between two properties and does not regulate noise from transportation sources, such as traffic, aircraft, and railways.

Section 8.28.010 of the Noise Ordinance establishes the ordina nce through the adoption of the Title 4, Division 6 of the Orange County Code. Sections 4-6-5 and 4-6-6 of the Orange County Code set exterior and interior level limits for residential properties, respectively. The Orange County Code does not set noise level limits for other land uses, such as commercial or industrial uses. The City-adopted exterior noise level limits between properties are presented in Table 3.13-2 below.

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Table 3.13-2. City of Buena Park Exterior and Interior Noise Limits Land Use Noise Level (dBA) at Property Line Time Period Exterior Noise Limits
Residential 55 7:00 a.m.–10:00 p.m.
50 10:00 p.m.–7:00 a.m.

Interior Noise Levels
Residential 50 7:00 a.m.–10:00 p.m.
45 10:00 p.m.–7:00 a.m.

Source: City of Buena Park 2010a.

Note: dBA = A-weighted decibel.

Section 4-6-5 of the Orange County Municipal Code further restricts noise levels by 5 dBA when the “offensive noise consists entirely of impact noise, simple tone noise, speech, music, or any combination thereof .” Section 4 -6-5 states, in part:

It shall be unlawful for any person…to create any noise, or to allow the creation of any noise on property owned, leased, occupied, or otherwise controlled by such person, when the foregoing causes the noise level, when measured on any other residential property…to exceed:

1. The noise standard for a cumulative period of more than thirty (30) minutes in any hour; or

2. The noise standard plus five (5) dB(A) for a cumulative period of more than fifteen (15) minutes in any hour; or

3. The noise standard plus ten (10) dB(A) for a cumulative period of more than five (5) minutes in any hour; or

4. The noise standard plus fifteen (15) dB(A) for a cumulative period of more than one (1) minute in any hour; or

5. The noise standard plus twenty (20) dB(A) for any period of time.

Section 4 -6-5(c) of the Orange County Municipal Code further allows correction to the noise level standard depending on the measured ambient noise levels. Section 4-6-6 sets forth interior noise levels limits for residential properties, which are shown in Table 3.13-2. Section 4-6-6 states, in part:

1. The interior noise standard for a cumulative period of more than five (5) minutes in any hour; or

2. The interior noise standard plus five (5) db(A) for a cumulative period of more than one (1) minute in any hour; or

3. The interior noise standard plus ten (10) db(A) for any period of time.

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Buena Park Vibration Standards
Transportation and construction activities can generate varying degrees of ground borne vibration, depending on the construction procedure and the construction equipment used. Operation of construction equipment generates vibrations that spread through the ground and diminish in amplitude with distance from the source. The effect on buildings located in the vicinity of a construction site often varies depending on soil type, ground strata, and construction characteristics of the receiver building(s). The res ults from vibration can range from no perceptible effects at the lowest vibration levels, to low rumbling sounds and perceptible vibration at moderate levels, to slight damage at the highest levels. Ground borne vibrations from construction activities rarely reach levels that damage structures.

The City does not have regulatory standards for construction or operational vibration sources. The Federal Transit Administration and Caltrans have published guidelines for the analysis of groundborne noise and vibration relating to transportation- and construction-induced vibration. Caltrans guidelines recommend that a standard of 0.2 inches per second PPV not be exceeded for the protection of normal residential buildings, and that 0.08 inches per second PPV not be exceeded for the protection of old or historically significant structures. With respect to human response within residential uses (i.e., annoyance), the Federal Transit Administration recommends a maximum acceptable vibration standard of 80 VdB (City of Buena Park 2010b). a) Would the project result in generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies?
Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to noise generation. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would result in construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and rene wable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit could require the use of heavy equipment and temporary vehicle trips that generate noise. Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be reviewed for consistency with the General Plan and the BPMC. Additionally, construction activities would be expected to occur during the permitted construction hours provided in the BPMC. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in significant construction noise–related impacts.

Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would not result in substantial operational noise. The CAAP includes opportunity measures and actions that would reduce transportation noise by reducing VMT , encouraging carpooling, and supporting alternative modes of travel. The CAAP also includes opportunity measures and actions that would reduce mechanical and stationary noise by encouraging the replacement of existing appliances with more efficient, quieter appliances such as heat pumps. In addition, CAAP opportunity measures and actions that encourage the adoption of EVs would have a beneficial impact on noise as EVs generate less traffic noise than standard vehicles. Therefore, the implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not generate excessive noise levels and would result in an overall less-than-significant impact related to noise exposure.
b) Would the project result in generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to groundborne vibration. However, implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that

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would result in construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure could require the use of heavy equipment and tem porary vehicle trips that generate vibration. The types of development that may be encouraged by the CAAP and GPSE, such as solar PV and EV charging infrastructure, are not generally of a scale that requires equipment such as piledriving or blasting that i s associated with significant vibration levels. In addition, construction activities would be required to comply with applicable local, State, and federal regulations to ensure that temporary construction impacts related to groundborne vibration would not occur. Furthermore, future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would not include operational sources of groundborne vibration. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less- than-significant impact related to groundborne vibration. c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? No Impact. The City is located within the vicinity of the Fullerton Municipal Airport and the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base. Areas located in the northeastern portion of the City within 10,000 feet of the nearest runway of the Fullerton Municipal Airport are located within the Fullerton Municipal Airport AELUP planning area and are subject to building height restrictions and land use compatibility criteria of the AELUP.

Areas located west of Knott Avenue and south of Ball Avenue are located within the aircraft noise contours of the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training Base. The CAAP and GPSE are policy documents that would not increase airport activity or result in additional habitable development or commercial development that could increase potential exposure of residents and employees to aircraft-related noise. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to aviation-related noise exposure.

3.14 Population and Housing

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XIV. POPULATION AND HOUSING – Would the project:
a) Induce substantial unplanned population
growth in an area, either directly (for
example, by proposing new homes and
businesses) or indirectly (for example,
through extension of roads or other
infrastructure)?

b) Displace substantial numbers of
existing people or housing, necessitating
the construction of replacement
housing elsewhere?

According to the California Department of Finance E-5 Population and Housing Estimates, in 2024 the City had a population of 82,772 people with an average household size of approximately 3.2 people. The City had a total of

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25,999 housing units with vacancy rate of 2.4% (DOF 2025). By 2045, SCAG forecasts that the population in the City will increase to 96,200 people and the number of households will increase to 28,600 (SCAG 2020). a) Would the project induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)?
b) Would the project displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere?
No Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to population growth or displacement of existing people or housing . Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not facilitate specific development projects, such as new housing or employment opportunities, that could result in population growth. Nor do the CAAP and GPSE include measures, actions, or policies that would displace existing residents or housing. CAAP Opportunity Measure T4 includes actions to upzone residential zoning to allow for increased residential density and increase job density through commercial and industrial rezoning. However, the CAAP and GPSE would not alter land use designations or zoning.

Future CAAP/GPSE-related projects that would result in potential changes to land use designations or zoning requiring discretionary approval would be subject to environmental review under CEQA and individual impact analyses would identify required plan - or project -specific mitigation measures where applicable. While the CAAP encourages higher density and a mix of uses where appropriate, the opportunity measures do not include the displacement of existing housing.

Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would reduce VMT and commute distances, rather than result in substantial new housing or development that could result in unplanned population growth. In addition, new active transportation and public transit facility infrastructure that would result from implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would be for purposes of replacing existing single-occupancy vehicle use rather than extending infrastructure to support growth in population. CAAP opportunity measures that would result in the construction of new EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and transit, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities, or tree planting and landscaping throughout the City could require a temporary increase in the number of construction workers. These types of projects are small construction projects, which would not require a large construction crew. Furthermore, construction workers would likely be from the Southern California region and permanent, substantial relocation of workers would not be required. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly increase the population, indirectly induce additional unplanned population growth, or displace people or housing. As such, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to population and housing.

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3.15 Public Services

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XV. PUBLIC SERVICES – Would the project:
a) Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times, or other performance objectives for any of the public services:

Fire protection?
Police protection?
Schools?
Parks?
Other public facilities?

The City is a member of the Orange County Fire Protection Authority Joint Powers Authority. The Orange County Fire Authority (OCFA) provides fire protection and emergency medical services response in the City. OCFA serves 23 cities in Orange County and all unincorporated areas in Orange County. OCFA contains 78 fire stations, three of which are located within the City : Fire Station 61 located at 8081 Western Avenue , Fire Station 62 located at 7780 Artesia Boulevard, and Fire Station 63 located at 9120 Holde r Street. OCFA response times for engines to arrive on scene after an emergency has been called are between 5 to 7 minutes.

The Buena Park Police Department (BPPD) provides police protection in the City. The BPPD headquarters are located in the central portion of the City at 6640 Beach Boulevard , next to City Hall. The BPPD comprises three divisions: Administrations, Operations, and Support Services. The BPPD consists of 157 sworn police officers and professional staff members,
There are six elementary school districts and two high school districts serving students with the City. Elementary and middle school educational services within the City are provided by Anaheim Elementary School District, Buena Park School District, Centralia School District, Cypress Elementary School District, Magnolia Elementary School District, and Savanna School District. High school services are provided by Anaheim Union High School District and Fullerton Joint Union High School District. In addition to public schools operated by the school districts mentioned above, the City contains a variety of charter and private school facilities (City of Buena Park 2025a).

The City operates a number of other facilities that include various government buildings, a library, and parks and recreational facilities. The City operates approximately 100 acres of parkland and 1 3 recreation parks ranging in size from 0.5 acres to 22.5 acres (City of Buena Park 2010b, 2025b). Library services in the City are provided by the Buena Park Library District. The Buena Park Library is located at 7150 La Palma Avenue.

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a) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause signif icant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times, or other performance objectives for any of the public services:

Fire protection?
Police protection?
Schools?
Parks?
Other public facilities?
No Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to public services. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE do not include development of new residences nor the creation of permanent jobs requiring increased fire or police services. As discussed in Section 3.14, Population and Housing, the CAAP and GPSE would not induce population growth that would generate new students in the community or new residents who would require school services, new or expanded park facilities, other public facilities. Therefore, no impact would occur.

3.16 Recreation

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XVI. RECREATION
a) Would the project increase the use of
existing neighborhood and regional parks or
other recreational facilities such that
substantial physical deterioration of the
facility would occur or be accelerated?

b) Does the project include recreational
facilities or require the construction or
expansion of recreational facilities which
might have an adverse physical effect on
the environment?

The City of Buena Park Community Services, which is responsible for maintaining parks and recreation facilities within Buena Park, offers a wide variety of recreation, sports and cultural activities, senior programs, services, and events for all age groups. The City operates approximately 100 acres of parkland and 13 recreation parks, as well as a community recreation center and senior center, community gymnasium, and a community garden. Facilities at these parks and recreation facilities include children’s play areas, athletic fields, tennis courts, volleyball courts,

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basketball courts, swimming pools, handball courts, shuffleboard, a dog park, skate park, and other amenities.

Additional regional recreation facilities include Ralph B. Clark Regional Park, La Mirada Regional Park, Craig Regional Park, and Cerritos Regional County Park (City of Buena Park 2010b, 2025b). a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? No Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to increased use of existing recreational facilities. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not increase the use of recreational facilities to the extent that substantial deterioration would occur. Typically, this impact occurs when a project induces population growth, such as new development or a business that would necessitate many new employees. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not include construction of new housing or commercial development. In addition, the number of construction workers needed to install future projects would be minimal and would not substantially increase the use of existing recreational facilities. Furthermore, CAAP Opportunity Measures M7 and NU1 seek to enhance carbon sequestration, protect and expand City parks and open spaces, and expand urban tree canopy in public spaces, which would help protect and preserve existing recreational areas in the City. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact.
b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities, which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? No Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to recreational facilities or the construction or expansion of recreational facilities. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not include development of residential communities or other similar types of development, nor would it induce population growth that would require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact.

3.17 Transportation

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XVII. TRANSPORTATION – Would the project:
a) Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance, or
policy addressing the circulation system,
including transit, roadway, bicycle, and
pedestrian facilities?

b) Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA
Guidelines Section 15064.3, subdivision (b)?
c) Substantially increase hazards due to a
geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves
or dangerous intersections) or incompatible
uses (e.g., farm equipment)?

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Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
d) Result in inadequate emergency access?

The transportation system in the City consists of highways, streets, pedestrian pathways, transit routes, and bikeways. The circulation system is connected to the larger regional network that includes I-5, SR -91, and SR-39/Beach Boulevard. Orange County Transit Authority provides local and regional bus service in the City. Service is generally provided along major circulation corridors , such as SR -39/Beach Boulevard and Knott Avenue .

Metrolink provides regional commuter rail service via the Orange County Line and the 91/Perris Valley Line . The Orange County Line provides service between Union Station in downtown Los Angeles and the City of Oceanside , and the 91/ Perris Valley Line provides service between Union Station and the City of Perris (Metrolink 2024). A Metrolink station is located at the intersection of Lakeknoll Drive and Dale Street in the northeast portion of the City. Several major roadways within the City are equipped with bike lanes, including SR-39/Beach Boulevard, Knott Avenue, Malvern Avenue, South Western Avenue, Ball Road, and West Cerritos Avenue. In addition to street bicycle facilities, there is an off-street bike path through El Rancho Verde Park. a) Would the project conflict with a program, plan, ordinance, or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? Less-than-Significant Impact. The CAAP would be consistent with several General Plan goals and policies to encourage alternative travel and reduce VMT, including Goal CS-17 (development of transportation and transit-based measures to reduce trips and vehicle miles traveled), Goal CS-18 (increased transit ridership and reduced automobile usage), and Goal CS -20 (encouragement of alternative modes of travel and fuel sources). The GPSE would add new policies to address climate adaptation and resilience, as well as make minor updates to reflect current conditions and regulations, and would not conflict with plans and policies addressing the circulation system. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would improve circulation by reducing VMT and vehicle trips, encouraging carpooling and commuter trips reduction, installing end -of-trip bike facilities and micromobility programs, expanding the City’s sidewalk network, and constructing new bike facilities and transit improvements. Therefore, CAAP and G PSE implementation would not conflict with any applicable transportation programs, plans, ordinances, or policies or transportation facilities and impacts would be less than significant. b) Would the project conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3, subdivision (b)? Less-than-Significant Impact. CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3(b) states that, generally, VMT is the most appropriate metric for determining the significance of transportation impacts. The Guidelines define VMT as “the amount and distance of automobile travel attributable to a project.” “Automobile” refers to on -road passenger vehicles, specifically cars and light trucks. The Go vernor’s Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation (LCI), formerly known as the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research , has clarified in its Technical Advisory on Evaluating Transportation Impacts in CEQA (LCI 2018) that heavy-duty truck VMT is not required to be included in the estimation of a project’s VMT.

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Consistent with LCI’s Technical Advisory, the City developed the City of Buena Park Transportation Impact Analysis Guidelines, which establishes VMT screening criteria and thresholds for evaluating a project’s potential impact on VMT (City of Buena Park 2020). Based on guidance provided by LCI, and per the City’s guidelines, land use projects can be screened from a VMT analysis if the project is within a transit priority screening area, is within a low VMT area, or is a project type that has been identified as having the presumption of a less-than-significant impact. A project only needs to satisfy one of the screening criteria to be exempt from further VMT.

As discussed in Section 3.14, Population and Housing, the CAAP and GPSE would not induce substantial population or employment growth in the City and would not generate additional VMT over the long term.

Rather, implementation of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions would reduce VMT in the City over the long term. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not conflict with or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3(b) and the impact would be less than significant. c) Would the project substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? d) Would the project result in inadequate emergency access? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts due to hazardous geometric design features or inadequate emergency access. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would improve multi -modal transportation, such as through installation of end -of-trip bike facilities and micromobility programs, expansion of the sidewalk network, construction of new bike facilities and transit improvements, and planting of new trees and landscaping, which could involve construction within the local right -of-way. These c onstruction activities have the potential to require lane closures and may impact traffic and vehicle speeds on the affected roadways; however, these impacts would be temporary and access to roadways would generally be maintained throughout project construction. Adaptation and resilience strategies included in the GPSE would support maintaining and improving emergency access. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than- significant impact related to transportation hazards and emergency access.

3.18 Tribal Cultural Resources

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XVIII. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES
Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is:

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Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
a) Listed or eligible for listing in the California
Register of Historical Resources, or in a
local register of historical resources as
defined in Public Resources Code Section
5020.1(k), or

b) A resource determined by the lead agency,
in its discretion and supported by
substantial evidence, to be significant
pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision
(c) of Public Resources Code Section
5024.1? In applying the criteria set forth in
subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code
Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall
consider the significance of the resource to
a California Native American tribe.

The City is located within the Peninsular Range Geomorphic Province, which extends from Mount San Jacinto in the north to Baja California in the south and includes the Inland Empire, Los Angeles, Orange County, and San Diego areas of California. The Los Angeles Basin, parts of the San Gabriel Mountains, and the San Clemente, San Nicholas, and Santa Catalina Islands were occupied by the Gabrieliño Indians prior to European contact. The Gabrieliños migrated into the Los Angeles coastal areas in 500 B.C. They lived in small villages near water streams and along sheltered portions of the coast. They did not live in permanent dwellings and survived on hunting, gathering, and fishing with the best -known artifacts made of steatite, decorated with inlaid shells or c arvings reflecting an elaborately developed artisanship (City of Buena Park 2010a).

AB 52, signed into law in September of 2014, established a new class of resources under CEQA —“tribal cultural resources”—defined in PRC 21074. Pursuant to PRC Sections 21080.3.1, 21080.3.2, and 21082.3, where one or more California Native American tribes has requested formal written notification of proposed projects from a lead agency, the lead agency shall begin consultation with those tribes by providing them with formal written notification of proposed projects prior to the release of an environmental i mpact report, negative declaration, or mitigated negative declaration.

There are two California Native American Tribes that have requested to be informed of proposed projects within the City. In compliance with PRC Section 21080.3.1, the City provided formal written notification of the proposed CAAP and GPSE on June 17, 2025, to the Gabrieleño Band of Mission Indians, Kizh Nation, and the Gabrieleño/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians.

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Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is:
a) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k)? b) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1? In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resource Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe.

Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts to tribal cultural resources , as no ground disturbance or other physical construction is authorized by the two plans . Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would encourage future development of EV charging infrastructure, solar PV and renewable energy generation systems and associated battery storage facilities, and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure , and tree planting and landscaping at City parks and open spaces, residential neighborhoods, and throughout the City.

Specific future projects that would further the objectives of the CAAP and GPSE requiring CEQA review would be subject to the requirements of AB 52, allowing for consultation on specific project sites. In addition, General Plan Policy CS-3.1 calls for protection and preservation of archaeological resources, including tribal cultural resources, and Implementation Measures CS -23 through CS -28 require site surveys f or archaeological resources, the halting of construction and investigation and protection of previously undiscovered archaeological resources, and the implementation of mitigation plans, as necessary, to protect archaeological resources. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in a less-than-significant impact related to tribal cultural resources.

3.19 Utilities and Service Systems

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XIX. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS – Would the project:
a) Require or result in the relocation or
construction of new or expanded water,
waste water treatment or storm water
drainage, electric power, natural gas, or
telecommunications facilities, the
construction or relocation of which could
cause significant environmental effects?

b) Have sufficient water supplies available to
serve the project and reasonably
foreseeable future development during
normal, dry, and multiple dry years?

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Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
c) Result in a determination by the waste
water treatment provider which serves or
may serve the project that it has adequate
capacity to serve the project’s projected
demand in addition to the provider’s
existing commitments?

d) Generate solid waste in excess of state or
local standards, or in excess of the
capacity of local infrastructure, or
otherwise impair the attainment of solid
waste reduction goals?

e) Comply with federal, state, and local
management and reduction statutes and
regulations related to solid waste?

Water for Buena Park residents and businesses is provided by the Metropolitan Water District and the City of Buena Park. Wastewater services are provided by the City of Buena Park Public Works Department. Solid waste disposal is provided by Park Disposal, which is part of EDCO. Residential waste collected by Park Disposal is hauled to CR&R Incorporated Material Recovery Facility where it is sorted prior to being transported to the Prima Deshecha Landfill or other nearby landfills (City of Buena Park 2010a).

SCE, an investor-owned public utility, supplies electricity to the City. SCE procures electricity generated from a variety of energy sources including coal, natural gas, nuclear, hydroelectric, and a mix of renewable resources. SoCalGas, an investor-owned public utility, supplies natural gas to the City. a) Would the project require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, waste water treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to the relocation or construction of new or expanded utilities. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not induce population growth or require the relocation or construction of new or expanded utilities.

CAAP opportunity measures supporting renewable energy may indirectly result in the need for additional facilities or transmission. The location and type of such facilities are speculative, and would be subject to further environmental review. Thus, the CAAP and GPSE would result in less-than-significant impacts related to the relocation or construction of new or expanded utilities.

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b) Would the project have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and multiple dry years? c) Would the project result in a determination by the waste water treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments?
No Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to water supplies and wastewater treatment capacity. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not induce population growth and increase demand for water and wastewater treatment. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would reduce water use by requiring water -efficient appliances and drought-tolerant landscaping and encouraging installation of residential graywater systems and use of rain barrels for irrigation. Thus, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to water supply and wastewater treatment.
d) Would the project generate solid waste in excess of state or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? e) Would the project comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste?
No Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to solid waste generation and solid waste regulations. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not induce population growth and increase solid waste generation. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions would divert and recycle construction and demolition waste consistent with CALGreen requirements, and encourage recycling and composting practices to reduce the waste stream . Thus, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to solid waste generation and compliance with solid waste regulations.

3.20 Wildfire

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XX. WILDFIRE – If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard severity zones, would the project:
a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency
response plan or emergency evacuation
plan?

b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other
factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and
thereby expose project occupants to
pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or
the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire?

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Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
c) Require the installation or maintenance of
associated infrastructure (such as roads,
fuel breaks, emergency water sources,
power lines or other utilities) that may
exacerbate fire risk or that may result in
temporary or ongoing impacts to the
environment?

d) Expose people or structures to significant
risks, including downslope or downstream
flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff,
post-fire slope instability, or drainage
changes?

CAL FIRE has mapped FHSZs for the entire state. FHSZs are based on an evaluation of fuels, fire history, terrain, housing density, and occurrence of severe fire weather, and are intended to identify areas where urban fires could result in catastrophic losses. FHSZs are categorized as moderate, high, and very high. According to CAL FIRE’s Fire Hazard Severity Zone Viewer , the northeast corner of the City near Ralph B. Clark Regional Park includes moderate, high, and very high FHSZs in the Local Responsibility Area (CAL FIRE 20 25). There are no FHSZs in State Responsibility Areas in the City (CAL FIRE 2024).

OCFA is the primary agency responsible for fire protection in the City. Section 16.00.010 of the BPMC adopts the most recent 20 22 California Fire Code, which contains regulations regarding defensible space, vegetation management, and fire safety during construction.
a) Would the project substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
No Impact. The City has prepared an EOP (City of Buena Park 2021). The EOP describes a comprehensive emergency management system that provides for a response to natural disasters, technological incidents, terrorism, and other emergencies and major disasters. The EOP delineates operational concepts relating to various emergency situations, identifies components of the Emergency Management Organization, and describes the overall responsibilities for protecting life and property and ensuring the overall well-being of the population.

As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to impairment of an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. The GPSE would include policies for climate adaptation and resilience, and would also reflect the latest FHSZs adopted by CAL FIRE . As such, the GPSE supports and reinforces policies related to emergency response and evacuation. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to impairment of an emergency response or evacuation plan.

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b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, would the project exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire?
No Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to exposure of people or structures to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire. Construction and operation of projects encouraged by the CAAP, such as renewable energy projects, would be required to comply with Section 16.00.010 of the BPMC, which adopts the 2022 California Fire Code by reference. The CAAP and GPSE do not include construction of habitable structures that could be exposed to wildland fire. The GPSE will incorporate the latest FHSZs adopted by CAL FIRE. Therefore, the C AAP and GPSE would result in no impact related to risks associated with exposure of project occupants to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire.
c) Would the project require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to installation or maintenance of infrastructure that may exacerbate fire risk. Implementation of CAAP opportunity measures and actions that would result in the construction of new bicycle and transit infrastructure, changing of land configurations, and expansion of the City’s sidewalk network could alter existing roadways. Infrastructure, such as new roads, fuel breaks, power lines, or other utilities, that may exacerbate fire risk is not proposed under implementation of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions.

The temporary and periodic use of construction vehicles and equipment within a very high FHSZ have the potential to increase the risk of an accidental fire ignition. However, given the nature of the CAAP opportunity measures an d actions, construction activities associated with their implementation would occur in already disturbed, developed areas such as roadways where wildfire risk is l ow. Additionally, construction of future CAAP/GPSE-related projects would be required to comply with Section 16.00.010 of the BPMC, which adopts the 2022 California Fire Code by reference, and requires the implementation of fire safety measures during construction. The GPSE will incorporate the latest FHSZs adopted by CAL FIRE and update related policies. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not exacerbate fire risks and impacts would be less than significant.
d) Would the project expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes? Less-than-Significant Impact. As policy documents, the CAAP and GPSE would not directly result in impacts related to exposure of people or structures as a result of runoff, post -fire instability, or drainage changes.

For reasons described previously in Sections 3.9(g) and 3.20(a), 3.20(b), and 3.20(c), future CAAP/GPSE- related projects would not pose a substantial risk for wildfire. The GPSE will incorporate the latest FHSZs adopted by CAL FIRE and update related policies. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not expose people or structures to significant risks from post-fire slope instability or drainage changes. Impacts would be less than significant.

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3.21 Mandatory Findings of Significance

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant
Impact With
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XXI. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE
a) Does the project have the potential to
substantially degrade the quality of the
environment, substantially reduce the
habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a
fish or wildlife population to drop below self-
sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a
plant or animal community, substantially
reduce the number or restrict the range of a
rare or endangered plant or animal, or
eliminate important examples of the major
periods of California history or prehistory?

b) Does the project have impacts that are
individually limited, but cumulatively
considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable”
means that the incremental effects of a
project are considerable when viewed in
connection with the effects of past projects,
the effects of other current projects, and the
effects of probable future projects.)

c) Does the project have environmental effects
which will cause substantial adverse effects
on human beings, either directly or
indirectly?

a) Does the project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self - sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or anima l, or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory?
Less-than-Significant Impact. The purpose of the CAAP and GPSE is to reduce GHG emissions in the City while also increasing resilience to the impacts of climate change through the implementation of opportunity measures and actions and policies related to municipal operations, community -wide on -road transportation, community-wide energy and the built environment, community-wide water and wastewater, community-wide solid waste, community-wide off-road equipment, people and the community, and natural and urban lands. Implementation of the opportunity measures and actions and policies would primarily serve to reduce GHG emissions throughout the City, but would also reduce VMT , noise, and solid waste generation; conserve energy and water ; and improve air quality . As discussed throughout the IS/ND, implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would not degrade the quality of the environment; reduce wildlife

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species habitat, populations, or rare or endangered species; threaten a plant or animal community; or eliminate important example of history or prehistory. As discussed more in Section 3.4, Biological Resources, and Section 3.5, Cultural Resources, the CAAP and GPSE would result in less-than-significant impacts related to biological and cultural resources.
b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the ef fects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects.)
Less-than-Significant Impact. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would result in a cumulatively beneficial reduction of GHG emissions and air pollutants and would not result in development that would make a considerable contribution to any significant cumulative impacts. Implementatio n of the CAAP opportunity measures and actions and GPSE policies would primarily serve to reduce GHG emissions throughout the City, but would also reduce VMT, noise, and solid waste generation; conserve energy and water; and improve air quality which would generally result in beneficial environmental effects. Therefore, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in any adverse environmental impacts that are cumulatively considerable. Impacts would be less than significant.
c) Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly?
Less-than-Significant Impact. Impacts to human beings are associated with air quality, hazards and hazardous materials, noise, transportation, wildfire, and—indirectly—GHG emissions. As discussed in this IS/ND, the CAAP and GPSE would not result in significant impacts. Implementation of the CAAP and GPSE would reduce GHG emissions and improve air quality. Changes in the transportation system and associated noise levels may also be beneficial. The GPSE addresses hazards and wildfire impacts, updating information and policies, and addressing climate adaptation and resilience. Overall, the project would provide beneficial changes to the environment and reduce adverse effects on human beings. The CAAP and GPSE would therefore have a less-than-significant impact related to potential for adverse effects on human beings.

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4 References and Preparers

4.1 References Cited
CAL FIRE (California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection). 2024. Fire Hazard Severity Zones in State Responsibility Area [interactive map application]. Accessed April 16, 2025. https://calfire-forestry. maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=988d431a42b242b29d89597ab693d008.

CAL FIRE. 2025. Find Your Fire Hazard Severity Zone (FHSZ) and Local Public Contacts [interactive map application]. Accessed April 16, 2025. https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/ 5065c998b4b0462f9ec3c6c226c610a9.

Caltrans (California Department of Transportation). 2013. Technical Noise Supplement to the Traffic Noise Analysis Protocol. September.

Caltrans. 2025. California State Scenic Highway System Map [interactive map application]. Accessed April 14, 2025. https://caltrans.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id= 465dfd3d807c46cc8e8057116f1aacaa.

CARB (California Air Resources Board). 2005. Air Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Community Health Perspective. April 2005. Accessed April 23, 2025. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/ 2023-05/Land%20Use%20Handbook_0.pdf.

CARB. 2008. Climate Change Scoping Plan: A Framework for Change. December 2008. Accessed December 2019. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/classic//cc/scopingplan/document/ adopted_scoping_plan.pdf.

CARB. 2014. First Update to the Climate Change Scoping Plan: Building on the Framework. May 2014. Accessed August 2014. http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/scopingplan/2013_update/first_update_climate_ change_scoping_plan.pdf.

CARB. 2017. The 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan Update. January 20, 2017. Accessed January 2024. https://policyintegrity.org/documents/Climate_panel_readings.pdf.

CARB. 2022. 2022 Scoping Plan for Achieving Carbon Neutrality. December 2022. Last accessed June 2023. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/ab-32-climate-change-scoping-plan/2022-scoping- plan-documents.

CARB. 2023. “Maps of State and Federal Area Designations.” Accessed April 23, 2025. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/ resources/documents/maps-state-and-federal-area-designations.

CARB. 2024. “Advanced Clean Cars Program.” https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/advanced-clean- cars-program.

CARB. 2025. “Common Air Pollutants.” Accessed April 23, 2025. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/ common-air-pollutants.

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City of Buena Park. 2010a. Buena Park 2035 General Plan Environmental Impact Report. SCH # 2009111026.

November 2010. Accessed April 14, 2025. https://www.buenapark.com/city_departments/ community_development/planning_division/general_plan.php#outer-545.

City of Buena Park. 2010b. Buena Park 2035 General Plan. December 2010. Accessed April 14, 2025. https://www.buenapark.com/city_departments/community_development/planning_division/ general_plan.php#outer-544.

City of Buena Park. 2020. City of Buena Park Traffic Impact Analysis Guidelines – 2020 for Vehicles Miles Traveled and Level of Service Assessment. Adopted June 2020. Accessed April 25, 2025. https://cms7files1.revize.com/buenaparkca/Document_center/City%20Departments/Public%20Works/ Traffic%20Services/General%20Docs/TIA%20Guidelines_Final_Buena%20Park.pdf.

City of Buena Park. 2021. City of Buena Park 2021 Emergency Operations Plan. Accessed April 24, 2025. https://cms7files1.revize.com/buenaparkca/Document_center/Residents/City%20Documents/Buena% 20Park%20EOP%20Basic%20Plan%2012-13-2022.pdf.

City of Buena Park. 2025a. “Schools.” Accessed April 16, 2025. https://buenapark.com/residents/about_buena_ park/new_residents/schools/index.php.

City of Buena Park. 2025b. “Parks.” Accessed April 16, 2025. https://www.buenapark.com/city_departments/ community_services/parks/index.php.

DOC (California Department of Conservation). 2022. California Important Farmland Map [interactive map application]. Accessed April 14, 2025. https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/DLRP/CIFF/.

DOC. 2023. California Williamson Act Enrollment Finder [interactive map application]. Accessed April 14, 2025. https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/WilliamsonAct/App/index.html.

DOF (California Department of Finance). 2025. E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, 2020-2024. Accessed June 19, 2025. https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates/ e-5-population-and-housing-estimates-for-cities-counties-and-the-state-2020-2025/.

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2025. “Air Quality Analysis: EPA Region 9 Air Quality Maps and Geographic Information.” Accessed April 23, 2025. https://www3.epa.gov/region9/air/maps/index.html.

FTA (Federal Transit Administration). 2006. Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment.

LCI (Governor’s Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation). 2018. Technical Advisory on Evaluating Transportation Impacts in CEQA. December 2018. Accessed April 25, 2025. http://opr.ca.gov/docs/20190122-743_ Technical_Advisory.pdf.

Metrolink. 2024. “Metrolink Regional Rail System.” Updated May 2024. Accessed April 17, 2025. https://metrolinktrains.com/globalassets/metrolink-system-map-may-2024.pdf.

CITY OF BUENA PARK CLIMATE ACTION AND ADAPTATION PLAN AND GENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT

UPDATE / INITIAL STUDY/NEGATIVE DECLARATION
15686 101
JULY 2025
SCAG (Southern California Association of Governments). 2020. Current Context Demographics and Growth Forecast. Adopted September 3, 2020. Accessed April 15, 2025. https://scag.ca.gov/sites/default/files/ old/file-attachments/0903fconnectsocal_demographics-and-growth-forecast.pdf.

SCAG. 2024. Connect SoCal 2024. Adopted April 4, 2024. Accessed February 2025. https://scag.ca.gov/ sites/default/files/2024-05/23-2987-connect-socal-2024-final-complete-040424.pdf.

SCAQMD (South Coast Air Quality Management District). 1993. CEQA Air Quality Handbook.

SCAQMD. 2022. 2022 Air Quality Management Plan. Adopted December 2, 2022. Accessed April 23. 2025. https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/clean-air-plans/air-quality-management-plans/ 2022-air-quality-management-plan/final-2022-aqmp/final-2022-aqmp.pdf?sfvrsn=edcebd61_16.

SCE (Southern California Edison). 2022. “2022 Power Content Label – Southern California Edison.” Accessed April 16, 2025. https://www.sce.com/sites/default/files/custom-files/PDF_Files/SCE_2022_ Power_Content_Label_B%26W.pdf.

SCE. 2025. “About SCE.” Accessed April 16, 2025. https://www.sce.com/about-us.

SoCalGas (Southern California Gas Company). 2025. “About Us.” Accessed April 16, 2025. https://www.socalgas.com/about-us.

SWRCB (State Water Resources Control Board). 2025. GeoTracker [interactive map application]. Accessed April 17, 2025. https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/map/?CMD=runreport&myaddress= buena+park%2C+california#.

4.2 List of Preparers
City of Buena Park
Lotus Thai – Sustainability Manager, Community & Economic Development Department Dudek
Brian Grattidge – Senior Project Manager
Elena Nuño – Senior Air Resources Specialist
Jennifer Reed – Senior Air Resources Specialist
Hayley Rundle – Environmental Planner

CITY OF BUENA PARK CLIMATE ACTION AND ADAPTATION PLAN AND GENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT

UPDATE / INITIAL STUDY/NEGATIVE DECLARATION
15686 102
JULY 2025

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
RESOLUTION NO. _____

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF

BUENA PARK, CALIFORNIA, APPROVING THE CLIMATE

ACTION AND ADAPTATION PLAN

A. RECITALS.

(i) The City of Buena Park is a California charter city with plenary authority over all “municipal affairs” and the broad “police powers” vested by California’s Constitution, pursuant to which it may make and enforce laws necessary to protect and preserve the health, safety, and welfare of residents subject only to enactments by the California Legislature on matters of “statewide concern”; and

(ii) The draft Climate Action and Adaptation Plan and accompanying California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) documentation was presented to the City Council for approval at a duly noticed public meeting on September 23, 2025; and

(iii) The City Council adopted by separate Resolution a determination that the Initial Study/Negative Declaration that was prepared for the Climate Action and Adaptation Plan was the appropriate environmental review for this project and that the Climate Action and Adaptation Plan will have no significant adverse effects on the environment.

B. RESOLUTION.

NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BUENA PARK DOES HEREBY FIND, DETERMINE, AND RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS:

1. The City Council hereby adopts the Climate Action and Adaptation Plan.

2. The City Clerk shall certify to the passage and adoption of this Resolution, and the minutes of this meeting shall reflect the presentation of the Report.

PASSED AND ADOPTED this 23rd day of September 2025, by the following called vote:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:

________________________________
Mayor

ATTEST:

_______________________________
City Clerk

BUEN A PARK
S
U

STA IN A B ILITY

CLIMATE ACTION
& ADAPTATION
PLAN
SEPTEMBER 2025

CITY OF BUENA PARK
Contents
Acknowledgments .............................................................................iv Letter from the City Council ............................................................v Executive Summary ...........................................................................vi Chapters
Introduction...................................................................................2 Community Outreach and Engagement .......................12 Climate Action ...........................................................................20 Climate Adaptation ................................................................. 28 Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions .................42 Implementation and Monitoring .....................................102 Acronyms and Abbreviations .....................................................113 Glossary ..................................................................................................115 Appendices .........................................................................................122 Ch1
Ch2
Ch3
Ch4
Ch5
Ch6
| iv | Acknowledgements
Acknowledgments
City Council
Joyce Ahn, Mayor
District 1
Connor Traut, Vice Mayor
District 5
Carlos Franco
District 2
Susan Sonne
District 3
Lamiya Hoque
District 4
Climate Action
Commission
Sagil James
District 1
Nayeli Figueroa
District 5 representing District 2
Annie Singhal
District 3
Dominic Bendinelli
District 4
Brandon Schooner
District 5
Letter from
the City Council
Dear Buena Park Community,
It is with pride and optimism that we introduce the City of Buena Park’s Climate Action and Adaptation Plan (CAAP)—a collective step toward a cleaner, healthier, and more resilient future for our city.

Buena Park is a place like no other. We are a vibrant, diverse community where cultures flourish, families grow, and local businesses thrive. Known for our iconic Entertainment Corridor and welcoming neighborhoods, Buena Park is also uniquely positioned at the crossroads of major transportation—surrounded by freeways and served by a regional train station—connecting it to the broader Southern California landscape. These assets make us dynamic but also present unique challenges and opportunities in the face of climate change.

As our city grows, so must our commitment to sustainability. The CAAP lays out a roadmap to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, prepare for climate- related risks such as heat and drought, and create a future where all residents, regardless of background, income, or geographical location, can live in a safe, healthy environment. The CAAP reflects the strength of our community and the belief that meaningful change must be rooted in equity, driven by innovation, and built to last.

From reimagining our public spaces with more trees for shade and cleaner air, to making it easier to bike, walk, or use transit, this plan is about turning vision into action. It’s about protecting what we love most about Buena Park while building a city that continues to thrive well into the future.

This plan was shaped by the voices of our community—students, families, business owners, and neighbors who care deeply about the place we call home.

Your input on the CAAP development has been invaluable, but now it’s time for all of us to roll up our sleeves and start putting this plan into action! Let’s take this next step forward together.

The Buena Park City Council
Project T eam
City Departments
Lotus Thai
Sustainability Manager
Matt Foulkes
Community and Economic
Development Director
City Manager’s Office
Community and
Economic Development
Community Services
Public Works
Consultants
Dudek
Michael Hendrix Consulting
Fehr & Peers
Executive Summary
The City of Buena Park (City), located in northwest Orange County, is home to a diverse community of approximately 84,000 residents. Known as the “Center of the Southland,” the City spans 10.3 square miles and is bordered by Anaheim, Cerritos, Cypress, Fullerton, La Mirada, La Palma, and Stanton. The City boasts a strong local economy, anchored by the Beach Boulevard Entertainment Corridor, which features a variety of well-known regional attractions that draw over 6 million visitors annually. In addition, the City benefits from a thriving commercial and industrial sector, supported by a well-established manufacturing and distribution base.

Situated within the central lowland coastal plain of Orange County, the City is characterized by generally flat, urbanized land. The Coyote Hills lie within the northeast portion of the City, while the Downey Plain comprises much of the remaining area. The local climate is typically mild, moderated by cool sea breezes from the west; however, as climate change progresses, the City is increasingly vulnerable to a suite of hazards, including rising temperatures, heat waves, flooding, wildfires, drought, and secondary impacts, such as an influx of climate-displaced populations.

The City is committed to addressing these climate hazards and recognizes its responsibility to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. While the City has already established a strong foundation of sustainable initiatives, the development of this Climate Action and Adaptation Plan (CAAP) affirms the City’s commitment to taking deliberate and impactful climate action. This CAAP aligns with California’s ambitious GHG reduction mandates and outlines a clear path toward meeting the City’s emissions targets for 2030 and 2045:
• By 2030, the City will reduce community-wide GHG emissions by 107,278 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MT CO2e), consistent with the goals of California Senate Bill 32. • By 2045, the City will reduce community-wide GHG emissions by 258,333 MT CO2e, consistent with the goals of California Assembly Bill 1279.

To achieve its ambitious climate action and adaptation goals, the City’s CAAP outlines a comprehensive strategy across eight key opportunity areas:
| vi | Executive Summary City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | vii | On-Road Transportation
• Encourage the transition to
electric vehicles
• Enhance the active
transportation environment
• Reduce single-occupancy vehicle trips
• Optimize land use to minimize
commute distances
• Incentivize use of public transit
Energy and the Built Environment
• Increase energy efficiency in buildings
• Decarbonize and electrify buildings
• Increase renewable energy generation
and storage
• Procure zero-carbon electricity
• Increase reflectance and cool buildings
Off-Road Equipment
• Increase the adoption of electric
and zero-emission off-road and
landscaping equipment
Water and Wastewater
• Reduce water consumption and increase
water reuse and recycling
Solid Waste
• Reduce waste to landfills
People and Community
• Prepare vulnerable communities
for hazards
• Create resilient public gathering spaces
• Improve equitable distribution
of resources
• Educate and incentivize
responsible consumption
• Collaborate to improve regional
resilience and GHG reduction efforts
• Spark sustainable
economic development
Natural and Urban Lands
• Enhance carbon sequestration and
support urban greening
Municipal
• Electrify City fleet
• Reduce City employee
commute emissions
• Reduce City operation energy use and
increase renewable energy
• Electrify City-operated off-road and
landscaping equipment
• Reduce City facility water consumption
and increase water reuse
• Reduce City-generated
solid waste
| viii | Executive Summary City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | ix | Chapter 1, Introduction , summarizes the purpose and objectives of the CAAP, provides an overview of the City’s history of sustainability efforts, and explains how the CAAP integrates with and supports other local planning initiatives.

Chapter 2, Community Outreach and Engagement , highlights the community engagement process that informed the CAAP, detailing the strategies used to gather input and key outcomes that reflect the unique needs and perspectives of the City’s residents and businesses. Chapter 2 supporting materials are included in Appendix A, Community Engagement and Outreach Materials.

Chapter 3, Climate Action, introduces the core components of the City’s climate action planning process, including development of a baseline GHG emissions inventory, future emissions forecasting, target-setting, and gap analysis. These foundational elements provide the necessary basis for identifying emission reduction measures and actions, as outlined in Chapter 5. Supporting materials for Chapter 3 are included in Appendix B, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory, Forecasting, and Target Setting.

Chapter 4, Climate Adaptation, provides an overview of climate adaptation within Buena Park, identifying current and projected climate hazards and examining their potential impacts on specific members of the community. This chapter provides the foundation for understanding local vulnerabilities and the need for targeted adaptation measures and actions. Additional technical details for Chapter 4 are provided in Appendix C, Vulnerability Assessment.

Chapter 5, Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions, presents the City’s implementation strategy for the CAAP, structured around eight key opportunity areas and supported by targeted measures and actions designed to reduce GHG emissions and enhance climate resilience. The implementation strategy provides a clear roadmap for achieving the emission reduction targets outlined in Chapter 3 and addressing the climate hazards identified in Chapter 4. The technical details to support the emission reductions included in Chapter 5 are provided in Appendix D, Greenhouse Gas Reduction Supporting Material.

Chapter 6, Implementation and Monitoring, details the City’s approach to implementing and monitoring the CAAP to ensure successful achievement of overall climate action and adaptation goals. This chapter establishes a framework for accountability and adaptability, including defined roles and responsibilities, performance metrics, timelines, funding opportunities, ongoing community engagement, and California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) streamlining justification. The detailed implementation materials are provided in Appendix E, Implementation Plan.
3 4
5 6
2 1
CAAP at a Glance
In the process of pursuing these climate action and adaptation goals, the City will experience many positive indirect benefits (i.e., “co-benefits”), such as improved air quality, improved mobility, improved public health and safety, enhanced natural environment, enhanced local and regional economy, cost savings, equity improvements, and educational opportunities.

Achieving the City’s ambitious goals will be a coordinated effort, requiring input from various City departments, community partners, residents, visitors, and businesses. The plan is supported by a robust implementation and monitoring strategy to ensure the CAAP is responsive to emerging climate science, community needs, and policy developments. Core to the implementation strategy and success of the CAAP is a clear definition of roles and responsibility, timeline, performance indicators, identification of available funding opportunities, and ongoing community engagement throughout the life of the plan. As a living document, the CAAP is designed to evolve and grow with the community.

With adoption of this CAAP, the City demonstrates its commitment to taking action and enhancing resilience for the well-being of all that call Buena Park home. iNTRODUCTiON
1 Advancing
the City's
Commitment
to Sustainability
Buena Park stands at the
forefront of sustainability
efforts in Orange County. With
this CAAP, the City takes an
important forward-thinking step
to reduce GHG emissions and
increase resilience to climate
change. This chapter offers
relevant background to help
readers better understand the
foundation of the CAAP before
exploring its specific strategies
in greater detail.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 3 | | 2 | Introduction

1. Introduction
1 IPCC (International Panel on Climate Change). 2021. Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis.

Accessed August 2024. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/.

Climate change is a global emergency that requires coordinated efforts and cooperation across all levels of governance. Recognizing this, the City of Buena Park (City) is proactively preparing its first Climate Action and Adaptation Plan (CAAP). This introduction outlines fundamental climate change concepts, relevant efforts across levels of government, including efforts at the City level, and the purpose and objectives of the CAAP.

CLIMATE CHANGE BASICS
Climate change refers to long-term shifts in climate, such as changes to temperature, precipitation, and wind patterns. Historically, climate changes were driven by natural causes like solar energy variations and volcanic eruptions.

However, recent warming observed over the past century is primarily due to human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels and changes in land use.

These human activities release greenhouse gases (GHG) into the atmosphere, which causes warming and long-lasting changes to the climate system. 1 GHGs are gases that absorb infrared
radiation (i.e., trap heat) in the earth’s
atmosphere. The trapping and buildup of
heat in the atmosphere near the earth’s
surface (the troposphere) is referred to as
the “greenhouse effect” and is a natural
process that contributes to the regulation
of the earth’s temperature, creating a
livable environment (Figure 1). The earth’s
temperature depends on the balance between energy entering and leaving the planet’s system, and many factors (natural and human) can cause changes in the earth’s energy balance.

Figure 1. Greenhouse Effect
Human activities that generate and emit GHGs into the atmosphere increase the amount of infrared radiation that gets absorbed before escaping into space, thus amplifying the greenhouse effect and causing the earth’s surface temperature to rise, leading to climate changes. GHG levels are now higher than at any point in the last 800,000 years, driving further warming and widespread climate change impacts. 2

GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Sunlight reﬂects oﬀ the earth’s
atmosphere back into space.

G REEN H O U SE G A SES
SOLAR
ENERGY

A TM O SP H ER E
Temperatures rise when greenhouse gases
trap solar heat and re-emit it back to the
earth’s surface and the lower atmosphere.

Solar energy
reﬂects oﬀ the
earth’s atmosphere
back into space.

Principle GHGs
relevant to the
CAAP include:
• Carbon dioxide (CO 2)
• Methane (CH4)
• Nitrous oxide (N 2O)
2 Fahey, D.W., S.J. Doherty, K.A. Hibbard, A. Romanou, and P.C. Taylor, 2017: Physical drivers of climate change. In: Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I [Wuebbles, D.J., D.W. Fahey, K.A. Hibbard, D.J.

Dokken, B.C. Stewart, and T.K. Maycock (eds.)]. U.S. Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 73-113, doi: 10.7930/J0513WCR.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 5 | | 4 | Introduction
Although climate change is driven by
global atmospheric conditions, its impacts
are felt locally, and its consequences are
already affecting California. The state is
anticipated to experience climate change
impacts through an increase in extreme heat
events; more extreme precipitation events,
including flood and drought; and larger and
more-catastrophic wildfires. 3
Addressing climate change involves both climate action and climate adaptation. Climate action involves reducing GHG emissions that drive climate change, while climate adaptation focuses on managing the risks associated with climate change impacts (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Venn Diagram of Climate Action and Adaptation

FEDERAL, STATE,

AND LOCAL EFFORTS TO

ADDRESS CLIMATE CHANGE
Addressing the global issue of climate change
requires coordinated efforts across all levels
of government, from the federal level to state,
regional, and local authorities.

Federal
Efforts to address climate change at the
federal level include two impactful pieces of
legislation: the Infrastructure Investment and
Jobs Act (IIJA) and the Inflation Reduction Act
(IRA). The IIJA was enacted in November 2021
and authorizes funding for several climate-
related infrastructure upgrades, including
power and grid reliability and resiliency;
electric vehicle charging infrastructure; and
coastal resiliency, ecosystem restoration,
and weatherization. The IRA, which was
enacted in August 2022, includes specific
investment in energy and climate reform
and is projected to reduce GHG emissions
within the United States by 40% from 2005
levels by 2030. The IRA allocates funds to
boost renewable energy infrastructure (e.g.,
solar panels and wind turbines), includes tax
credits for the purchase of electric vehicles
(EVs), includes measures that will make
homes more energy efficient, and authorizes
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to
implement the Greenhouse Gas Reduction
Fund program.

State
At the state level, regulations, policies, and
goals can provide guidance for local agencies
by establishing the timing and intensity of
actions needed to combat climate change,
offering ways to measure progress, and
implementing key regulations that reduce
GHG emissions.

The State of California has enacted numerous
regulations, including Executive Orders (EOs),
Assembly Bills (ABs), Senate Bills (SBs), and
other plans and policies, aimed at directly
or indirectly reducing GHG emissions and
addressing climate change impacts. The
following regulations highlight the state’s
foundational climate goals related to climate
action and climate adaptation.

Neighborhood
Response
Minimize Workplace
Hazard Exposure
Prepare Vulnerable
Communities
Create Resilience
Centers
Manage the impacts of climate
change on communities

ADAPTATION
Green Jobs
Training
Water
Capture
Urban
Greening
Promote
Walking and
Biking
Reduce
Landﬁll Waste
Decarbonize
City Facilities
Electrify
City Fleet
Reduce greenhouse gas emissions
that contribute to climate change
ACTION
Evidence for human-
induced climate
change includes:
• Rapid increases in atmospheric
GHG concentrations
• Positive radiative forcing
• Observed warming
3 Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, California Energy Commission, and California Natural Resources Agency. 2018. California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment: Statewide Summary Report. August 2018. https://www.energy. ca.gov/sites/default/files/2019-11/Statewide_Reports-SUM-CCCA4-2018-013_Statewide_Summary_Report_ADA.pdf.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 7 | | 6 | Introduction
Climate Action
The state’s climate action framework has
been established through a series of EOs
and adopted ABs and SBs. The key legislation
related to the state's GHG reduction goals is
outlined in Figure 3.

Climate Adaptation
California SB 379 (2015) amended
Government Code Section 65302 to
require cities to adopt comprehensive,
long-term general plans that address
environmental risks:
• Vulnerability Assessment: Create a
vulnerability assessment that identifies
both the risks posed by climate change,
including flood and wildfire, and the
geographic areas at risk
• Goals, Policies, and Objectives:

Create adaptation and resilience goals,
policies, and objectives based on this
vulnerability assessment
• Climate Change – Feasible Mitigation:

Create a set of feasible implementation
measures designed to carry out these
goals, policies, and objectives
Local
At the local level, cities play a crucial role in
addressing climate change, ensuring that
adaptation efforts are tailored to the specific
impacts of the region and that climate action
accounts for the geographic, social, and
economic context. A significant amount of
GHG emissions reduction opportunities and
resiliency efforts lie within the jurisdictional
control of local governments, which have
authority over the built environment,
transportation networks, and provision of
local services (e.g., public safety, utilities). 4
In this capacity, the City has been a leader
in climate action and adaptation efforts in
Orange County, as summarized in Figure 4.

In 2022, the City became the first member of
the Orange County Power Authority (OCPA)
to choose 100% renewable energy as the
default option for residential and commercial
customers. Under this program, residents
and businesses receive all their energy from
renewable sources unless they select a lower
tier or opt out of OCPA services. Community
Choice Energy, such as OCPA, not only helps
to reduce GHG emissions but also builds
and funds new renewable energy projects,
supports the local workforce, and promotes
long-term rate stability and energy reliability.

Figure 3. State Climate Timeline
EO S-3-05 Reduce GHG emissions to 2000
levels by 2010, to 1990 levels by 2020,
and to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050.

AB 32 Reduce GHG emissions to 1990
levels by 2020.

EO B-30-15 Interim goal to reduce
GHG emissions to 40% below 1990
levels by 2030.

SB 32 Codified the goal to reduce
GHG emissions 40% below 1990
levels by 2030.

EO B-55-18 Policy to achieve carbon
neutrality as soon as possible (no later
than 2045) and achieve and maintain
net-negative emissions thereafter.

AB 1279 Codified the goal to achieve
net-zero GHG emissions as soon as
possible, but no later than 2045, and
achieve and maintain net-negative GHG
emissions thereafter. Added the goal to
reduce statewide anthropogenic GHG
emissions to at least 85% below 1990
levels by 2045.
2005
2006
2015
2016
2018
2022
Figure 4. City Climate Timeline
Climate Action Commisison created
Office of Sustainability created
Active Transportation Plan adopted
Silverado Trail Phase 2 wins
SCAG Sustainability Award
Urban Homesteading Ordinance
adopted
Electric Lawn Equipment Ordinance
adopted
2023
2024
2025
Buena Park
at a Glance
• 83,884 residents
• 10.29 square miles
• Known as the “Center of
the Southland”
• Strong local economy includes
the Entertainment Corridor
featuring well-known attractions,
including a thriving Auto Center
as well as both warehousing and
manufacturing companies
4 CARB. 2022. 2022 Scoping Plan for Achieving Carbon Neutrality. December. Available: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work /programs/ab-32-climate-change-scoping-plan/2022-scoping-plan-documents. | 8 | Introduction City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 9 | In 2023, the City Council established both
the Office of Sustainability and the Climate
Commission to further existing actions and
coordinate efforts to improve sustainability
and address climate change citywide. The
City’s Office of Sustainability has many
functions beyond climate change, but this
CAAP is a major stepping stone for City
sustainability actions now and in the future.

In 2024, the City made strides to increase
multimodal transportation options and
reduce single-occupant vehicle trips by
adopting its first ever Active Transportation
Plan (ATP). In that same year, the City also
received a Southern California Association
of Governments (SCAG) award for Phase 2
of the Silverado Trail, and adopted an urban
homesteading ordinance related to residences
keeping chickens and bees. Most recently,
the City adopted an electric lawn equipment
ordinance, which transitions the City, City
contractors, and the community toward
electric lawn equipment in the coming years.

Additionally, climate action and adaptation
issues have been addressed indirectly
through existing City plans, including the
Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (2022), Urban
Water Management Plan (2020), Active
Transportation Plan (2024), Emergency
Operations Plan (2021), Urban Forest
Management Plan (2010), and 2035 General
Plan (2010). Several plans outline hazard
vulnerabilities and offer strategies. For
example, the Local Hazard Mitigation
Plan responds to federal incentives and
comprehensively analyzes hazards and
establishes programs to address them. The
Urban Water Management Plan assesses
water supply reliability in face of drought and
establishes strategies for water conservation
and responding to emergency water shortage.

Other plans address components of climate
action, including the 2035 General Plan, which
is a state-required plan and covers a variety
of topics, such as safety, energy conservation,
transportation, land use, and environmental
justice.

To bring these pieces together and expand
on existing work, the City prepared this CAAP
to more directly assess the steps it can take
to reduce GHG emissions (climate action) and
prepare residents for the effects of climate
change (adaptation).

CAAP
Co-Benefits
Actions to reduce GHG emissions
and improve resiliency can result in
many co-benefits for the City, such as
improved air quality, enhanced mobility,
local economic benefits, and improved
quality of life.

Co-benefits of the CAAP actions
(indicated by a green leaf) are further
described in Chapter 5.

THE BUENA PARK CAAP
The CAAP is a comprehensive road map
that outlines the activities and informs the
decisions that the City will undertake to
achieve reductions in GHG emissions while
also increasing resilience to the impacts of
climate change. This effort will further the
City’s commitment to sustainability, which is
defined as meeting the needs of the present
without compromising future generations.

The CAAP not only addresses how to reduce
impacts on the environment but also how to
create a more healthy, equitable city for all
residents and a more resilient community for
current and future generations.

By integrating both action and adaptation into
a single plan, the City can effectively reduce its
contribution to climate change and prepare
the community for the local effects of climate
change. This dual approach enables the
City to implement strategies that synergize
mitigation and adaptation, ensuring efficient
use of public resources. Similarly, by working
with existing planning documents, the CAAP
will retain consistency with overarching goals
and build off existing policies.

The CAAP will benefit the community and
aims to ensure residents and businesses
are provided with economically viable and
equitable options while reducing GHG
emissions and adapting to the impacts of
climate change. The goal of the CAAP is to
promote climate-smart policies, ensuring
outcomes are both sustainable and equitable.

CITY OF BUENA PARK

LOCAL HAZARD

MITIGATION PLAN

December 2022

CITY OF BUENA PARK

2021 EMERGENCY

OPERATIONS PLAN

City of Buena ParkCity of Buena Park
Urban Forest Management Plan Urban Forest Management Plan Created by:
2020 Urban Water
Management Plan
Final Draft
June 2021
Buena Park
Active Transportation
Plan
City Council adoption on
September 10, 2024
The prepartion of this report was funded through a grant from the State of California - Department of Transportation.

AB 1346 phased out the sale
of new gas-powered SOREs
including landscaping equipment.

COMMUNiTY

OUTREACH AND

ENGAGEMENT
2 Developing
the CAAP
Together
Community outreach has
been a vital part of developing
the Buena Park CAAP, with
residents and business owners
playing an essential role by
providing valuable feedback
throughout the planning
process. The community’s
strong interest and
commitment to sustainability
helped shape a CAAP that
reflects the unique needs and
priorities of Buena Park.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 13 | | 12 | Community Outreach and Engagement
Buena Park SustainabuddiesTM
Outreach opportunities were promoted and marketed through various established City channels, including the Office of Sustainability webpage, water bill inserts, Civic Center billboards, press releases, text updates, e-blasts, and social media, along with additional outreach efforts by City Council and Climate Action Commissioners.

Over 1,090 Buena Park community members participated in the outreach process and helped shape the CAAP.

Engagement with City Departments and Agency Partners
Engagement with City staff took place at key stages throughout the planning process. Outreach to various departments and partnering agencies, including Public Works, Community and Economic Development, Community Services, Finance, Emergency Services, City Manager’s Office, City utility partners, and regional public agencies, was conducted to understand current practices, discuss potential measures, and review the CAAP.

Climate Action Commissioners presented with Arbor Day proclamation.

2. Community Outreach
and Engagement
The City recognizes that a successful CAAP development and implementation relies on insights and feedback from a wide range of community members.

Developed through a collaborative, year-long planning process, the CAAP engaged City officials, residents, businesses, and key industry representatives to ensure broad input and alignment with community priorities. To reach Buena Park’s diverse interested parties, outreach materials were provided in English, Spanish, and Korean.

Community feedback was integrated into every phase of the CAAP’s planning process to ensure that the final plan reflects the needs and perspectives of Buena Park’s community and business populations. This chapter summarizes the various engagement strategies and outcomes that shaped the CAAP.

ENGAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND OUTCOMES
The outreach process was multipronged and multilingual to engage Buena Park’s diverse community. The outreach process prioritized inclusive and accessible engagement opportunities, offering a variety of tools, convenient options, and touchpoints for participation, including in-person pop-ups/tabling, social media polls, online surveys, commission and committee presentations, community meetings, and virtual office hours. In addition, the Buena Park Sustainabuddies TM were created to help educate the community on environmental sustainability and programs. Community members can interact with the Sustainabuddies through a reoccurring feature in Buena Park Today called “Ask Earthy.” In April 2025, the City hosted its first Sustainability Fair and Trash cART contest, allowing the community to showcase their creativity while learning about zero waste.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 15 | | 14 | Community Outreach and Engagement
Climate Action
Commission Collaboration
The City’s Climate Action Commission was
created by the City Council in 2023 to provide
guidance to the City Council on citywide
sustainability initiatives. In March 2024, a
presentation to the Commission provided an
overview of the CAAP, its planning process,
and the upcoming steps, including planned
outreach efforts. The Commission provided
input on outreach strategies for the planning
process. In addition to input on the CAAP,
the Commission contributed to the formation of two new City ordinances: residential urban homesteading and electric lawn equipment transition.

Community Pop-Ups
Two outreach pop-up/tabling events were held at the Buena Park Summer Concerts in the Park on July 10th and August 10th, 2024, to engage with Buena Park residents. Serving as the first community touchpoint in the planning process, these events shared information on the CAAP, Buena Park’s sustainability initiatives, key sources of GHG emissions, and climate hazards. An interactive activity encouraged attendees to share feedback on the challenges of adopting emission-reducing behaviors. More than 100 Buena Park residents participated, offering valuable insights.

Community Survey
A community survey was used as a tool to
broaden the reach of outreach efforts. An
online survey, available from August 26th
to October 3rd, 2024, introduced the Buena
Park community to the project and gathered
feedback on the barriers and challenges
community members face in adopting more
sustainable behaviors. Over 560 community
members, primarily residents, completed
the survey.

Business-Focused Survey
A business-focused survey was conducted
to gather input from representatives of
Buena Park’s key industries and businesses
on sustainable practices they have
adopted or implemented to reduce GHG
emissions, as well as the challenges they
face in transitioning to more climate-friendly
solutions for their operations. Business
representatives responded to both general
questions about their “green strategies”
and industry-specific questions related to
their operations. The survey, open from
October 14th to November 18th, 2024,
received responses from over 30 business
representatives.

Screenshot of a portion of the community survey results.

Screenshot of a portion of the business survey.

Climate Action Commissioners, staff, and Councilmembers learn about beekeeping with Long Beach Beekeepers.

Gathering community feedback at Summer Concerts in the Park. 2024 Climate Action Commissioners' Recognition Dinner.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 17 | | 16 | Community Outreach and Engagement
Sustainability Fair
Over 360 people celebrated Earth Day at the City’s first Sustainability Fair, held alongside the Spring Eggstravaganza at Boisseranc Park. Attendees learned about electric lawn equipment rebates, the CAAP, composting, honeybees, storm drain protection, oil recycling, and public transit. They also enjoyed making smoothies on a pedal-powered blender bike. The event featured a Trash cART contest, where residents used upcycled, repurposed, and recycled materials to transform an ordinary trash cart into an art piece that spreads awareness about this year’s theme: food waste.

Community Meeting
A community webinar on January 23rd,
2025, provided Buena Park residents with an
opportunity to give feedback on the CAAP. The
meeting provided an overview of the CAAP,
the planning process, and a discussion on
draft measures and actions to reduce GHG
emissions. Participants engaged in live polling
to share their interests in specific actions
and took part in a Q&A session. The webinar
included a hybrid in-person option at the
Ehlers Event Center and real-time translation.

Additionally, the webinar recording was
made available on the Office of Sustainability
webpage. More than 45 community members
attended the workshop.

As a follow-up to the community meeting, the
City hosted office hours, providing one-on-one
meetings with community members to ask
questions.

Office of Sustainability
Webpage
The City developed the Office of Sustainability
webpage, which serves as the central location
for the CAAP project and highlights other City
sustainability initiatives. The page features
information about the CAAP, frequently asked
questions, and ways for the public to stay
informed and engaged. It is updated at key
milestones throughout the planning process
to share important updates and encourage
public feedback.

Two screenshots of the community webinar.

First place winners of the Trash cART Contest.

CLiMATE
ACTiON
3 A GHG
Emissions
Inventory is
a Key Step in
Climate Action
Efforts
Chapter 3 includes the baseline
GHG emissions inventory,
which is the City's first. This
inventory helps to understand
Buena Park's current emissions,
forecast where it's heading,
and identify what it needs to
accomplish. The chapter also
includes projections, target
setting, and an emissions
gap analysis to further guide
climate action.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 21 | | 20 | Climate Action

3. Climate Action
Climate action refers to any deliberate efforts to mitigate future impacts of climate change by avoiding, reducing, or sequestering GHG emissions. The critical components of the CAAP climate action process are development of the baseline GHG emissions inventory, forecasting future emissions, establishing reduction targets, estimating the related emissions gap, and identifying reduction strategies needed to close this gap. This chapter outlines the foundational components of this process, including the inventory, forecasting, target setting, and gap analysis (Figure 5), while Chapter 5 addresses the opportunities to reduce GHG emissions in line with the City’s goals.

FORECASTiNG
Where Buena Park is Going
Emissions are projected out
to future years based on
demographic trends and
adjusted for policies and
regulations that will impact
emissions to understand how
emissions are likely to change
without City action.

TARGET SETTiNG
Where Buena Park
Wants to Be
Future targeted emission
levels are established
based on the City’s goals
for reductions.

LOCAL GAP
What Buena Park Needs
to Accomplish
Forecasted emissions are
compared to established
future targets to identify
the amount of emissions
reductions (i.e., the
“local gap”) needed to
achieve targets.

BASELiNE iNvENTORY
Where Buena Park Is
An inventory of the City’s current
emissions is estimated to identify
major sources and to provide an
anchor for analysis and monitoring
of progress.

Figure 5. Climate Action Process

104, 274 MT CO2e
Consumption of natural gas for heating and indirectly
through the use of electricity
Energy 26%
Water <1%
199 MT CO 2e
GHG emissions consumed in the electricity consumed in the extraction (groundwater pumping), conveyance (groundwater and imports), and distribution of water to residential
customers and businesses
Buena Park
Municipal Emissions
Total: 4,986 MT CO2e
Solid Waste 2%
Wastewater 1%
3,612 MT CO2e
Wastewater treatment emits GHGs such as CH4 when the chemical and microbial processes that break down sewage in anaerobic (without oxygen) environments release biogas as a byproduct
Off-Road Equipment 3%
277, 347 MT CO2e
Use of off-road equipment generates GHG emissions from the combustion of fuel, which is typically diesel
Buena Park Community-
Wide Emissions
Total: 408,684 MT CO2e
9,212 MT CO2e
Fugitive emissions of CH4 and CO2
as waste decomposes over time.

Solid Waste 2%
277, 347 MT CO2e
On-road vehicle travel are related
to the combustion of fossil fuels,
including gasoline, diesel, and
(less often) natural gas
On-Road Transportation 68%
City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 23 | | 22 | Climate Action

BASELINE INVENTORY
An emissions inventory is a snapshot of the GHG emissions associated within a geographic boundary during a given period—in this case Buena Park in 2023. Establishing a baseline inventory of GHG emissions is an important initial step, both for its function as a point of reference for subsequent inventories to track progress and for forecasting future GHG emissions.
would be implemented by the projected forecast year). The ABAU, unlike the BAU, accounts for adopted GHG emissions reductions because of regulations that would be implemented between the 2023 baseline year and 2030 and 2045. Additional details are provided in Appendix B.

Notes: CH4 = methane; CO2 = carbon dioxide; GHG = greenhouse gas; MT CO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.

It is important to note that the municipal inventory has substantial overlaps with the community-wide inventory; for example, mobile emissions from employee commute are captured in the on-road transportation emissions within the community-wide inventory. As such, the municipal inventory is treated separately, and not wholly additional to the community-wide inventory.

Figure 6. City of Buena Park 2023
Baseline Emissions Inventory

FORECASTING
The City’s GHG emissions were forecasted
for two future years (2030 and 2045) for
two scenarios: Business-as-Usual (BAU)
and Adjusted BAU (ABAU). The BAU
scenario describes emissions based
on projected growth in population,
employment, and other factors and
does not consider policies that would
reduce GHG emissions in the future.

The ABAU scenario describes emissions
based on projected growth and considers
policies that will achieve GHG reductions
in the future (i.e., assumes federal- and state-
mandated GHG emissions reduction measures
Figure 6 summarizes the annual
community-wide and municipal
inventories for baseline year 2023.

As shown, on-road transportation
and energy use account for the
majority of community-wide and
municipal emissions. Additional
details including methodology
and assumptions are provided in
Appendix B.

GHG Emissions MT CO 2e
400,000
200,000
100,000
300,000
0 2023
BAU Trend
2030 2045
Emissions
reductions from
statewide actionsABAU Trend
SB 32-Aligned Target
(38.7% below 2023)
AB 1279-Aligned Target
(87.3% below 2023)
City’s Target
Trend
2045 Local Gap
(258,333 MT CO 2 e)
2030 Local Gap
(107,278 MT CO 2 e)
GHG Emissions MT CO 2 e
400,000
200,000
100,000
300,000
0 2023
BAU Trend
2030 2045
Emissions
reductions from
statewide actions
Transportation Energy Wastewater Water is <200Off-RoadSolid Waste ABAU Trend
City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 25 | | 24 | Climate Action
Figure 7. Community-Wide ABAU GHG Emissions Projections Notes: ABAU = Adjusted Business-as-Usual; BAU = Business-as-Usual; GHG = greenhouse gas; MT CO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.

TARGET SETTING AND LOCAL GAP
The City’s reduction targets are informed by
the framework of GHG reduction legislation
established through state legislation. The City’s
reduction targets were chosen to align with the
relevant reduction goals for future years 2030
and 2045 established by SB 32 and AB 1279,
respectively. By aligning with the state’s goals and framework, the City will ensure it is doing its fair share in helping the state reach its reductions. Additional details are provided in Appendix B.

A summary of the City’s ABAU GHG emissions as compared to the BAU trend line is provided in Figure 7. As shown, emission reductions from state legislative actions would account for a meaningful portion of reductions in future years.

Figure 8 outlines the City’s ABAU GHG emissions, the BAU trend line, and the 2030 and 2045 GHG emission reduction targets. As shown, state legislative actions on their own, while substantial, would not be adequate to achieve the City’s goals. To close the local gap and meet the specified targets, the City will need to implement additional actions to achieve reductions of approximately 107,278 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MT CO 2e) by 2030 and 258,333 MT CO2e by 2045.

What is CO2e?
CO2e is a unit of measurement that takes
into account the global warming potential
of different GHGs relative to CO 2.

Figure 8. Community-Wide ABAU GHG Emissions Projections, Reduction Targets, and Local Gap
Notes: AB = Assembly Bill; ABAU = Adjusted Business-as-Usual; BAU = Business-as-Usual; GHG = greenhouse gas; MT CO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent; SB = Senate Bill.

CLiMATE
ADAPTATiON
4 Defining
Climate
Hazards
All communities experience
natural hazards, and many of
these hazards are changing as
a result of climate change. This
chapter provides an overview
of climate hazards present in
Buena Park, how the hazards
project into the future, and
their potential impacts to
specific groups of community
members.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 29 | | 28 | Climate Adaptation

4. Climate Adaptation
Climate adaptation decreases the impacts of climate-related hazards on communities. The following summarizes hazard projections and impacts.

Additional community and hazard analyses are included in Appendix C, Vulnerability Assessment.

Emissions Scenarios
Climate models that project changes in hazards are heavily impacted by the amount of global greenhouse gas emissions that occur. For that reason, this chapter will provide information on multiple emissions scenarios. The medium-emissions scenario, formally known as Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP)

4.5, assumes global emissions peak in 2040 and then decline.

The high-emissions scenario is RCP 8.5, which assumes global emissions continue to rise through 2100.

In line with state recommendations, this document considers only the high-emissions scenario for mid-century (2035–2064) projections and discusses both scenarios for end-century (2070–2099) projections.

EXTREME HEAT
Extreme heat can have severe impacts on human health and moderate impacts on public infrastructure. An extreme heat day in Buena Park is defined as a day when temperatures exceed 97.8°F. Heat impacts can occur in a short period, but prolonged exposure can strain both the human body and infrastructure. A heat wave represents prolonged extreme heat and is defined as a stretch of 2 or more consecutive extreme heat days.

Magnitude and Spatial Extent
Buena Park is projected to experience more than triple its historic extreme heat days (Figure 9) and see the length of heat waves more than double (Table 1) in the future.

Source: Cal-Adapt. Data: LOCA Downscaled CMIP5 Climate Projections (Scripps Institution of Oceanography), Gridded Observed Meteorological Data (University of Colorado Boulder), LOCA Derived Products (Geospatial Innovation MEDIUM EMISSIONS (RCP 4.5) SCENARIO
0 5
10 15
20 25
30 35
1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100
HIGH EMISSIONS (RCP 8.5) SCENARIO
0 10
20 30
40 50
60 70
1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100
Observed CanESM2 (Average)
Observed CanESM2 (Average)
Extreme Heat Days
Extreme Heat Days
Historic: 3 days/year
Current Range (2006-2035): 5 days/year
Mid-Century (2035-2064): 9 days/year
End-Century (2070-2099): 14 days/year
Historic: 3 days/year
Current Range (2006-2035): 6 days/year
Mid-Century (2035-2064): 13 days/year
End-Century (2070-2099): 24 days/year
Figure 9. Extreme Heat Days per Year in Buena Park
Source: Cal-Adapt. Data: LOCA Downscaled CMIPS Climate Projections (Scripps Institution of Oceanography), Gridded Observed Meteorological Data (University of Colorado Boulder), LOCA Derived Products (Geospatial Innovation)

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 31 | | 30 | Climate Adaptation
Extreme heat can vary between
neighborhoods due to the urban heat
island effect, which relates to a place’s
dark, impervious surfaces and vegetation. 5
Buena Park’s tree canopy is relatively low in
residential areas, resulting in limited shade
coverage. Impervious surfaces are highest in
the city in industrial and warehouse areas and
at large parking lots surrounding commercial
and entertainment hubs.

Table 1. Heat Wave Duration Projections
Historic
(1961–1990)
Current
(2006–2035)
Mid-Century
(2035–2064)
End-Century (2070–2099)
Medium-
Emissions
Scenario
High-Emissions
Scenario
Average
Maximum
Annual Heatwave
Duration
2 days/year 3 days/year 4 days/year 4 days/year 7 days/year 30-Year Range
of Heatwave
Durations
0–6 days/year 0-10 days/
year
0-13 days/
year 0–10 days/year 1–24 days/year
Source: Cal-Adapt. 2024. “Extreme Heat Days and Warm Nights for Buena Park, Global Climate Models HadGEM2- ES, CNRM-CM5, CanESM2, MIROC5.” Cal-Adapt website developed by University of California at Berkeley’s Geospatial Innovation Facility under contract with the California Energy Commission. Accessed July 1, 2024. https://cal-adapt.org. impacts on Buena Park
In Buena Park, communities of concern include children, low-income households, and cost- burdened homeowners and renters, all of which are present at higher rates than state averages and are physically and economically more vulnerable to extreme heat.

To partially combat the impacts of extreme heat events, the City provides public pools and cooling centers, or public places with air conditioning, as options for residents to cool off during extreme heat events.

Urban Heat
island Effect
Temperatures in urban areas
with higher rates of dark and
impervious surfaces, like roads
and parking lots, can be up to
7°F warmer than outlying areas.

This is due to these materials
absorbing and re-emitting heat
more than natural features,
like trees.

FLOODING
The impacts of flooding can endanger human
life, damage infrastructure, and disrupt
various services. Flooding is often caused by
extreme precipitation events, which for Buena
Park are 2-day periods with more than 0.97
inches of rainfall.

Magnitude and Spatial Extent
The intensity of extreme precipitation
events is projected to increase slightly
under a medium-emissions scenario
but by approximately 50% under a high-
emissions scenario by the end of the
century (2070–2099). 6
Additionally, extreme storms such as
atmospheric rivers (regions of water vapor
transported from warm water in the tropics)
are expected to increase in frequency
and intensity. Current global climate
models project a nearly 40% increase in
precipitation during atmospheric river events
in Southern California by 2100 under a
high-emissions scenario. 7
Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA) maps denote areas with 1% annual
chance of flooding. In Buena Park, there are
relatively few at-risk areas, though there
is an area of special concern along Beach
Boulevard and Fullerton Creek that overlaps
with surrounding industrial, commercial, and
residential parcels (Figure 10).
impacts on Buena Park
Extreme precipitation events can cause water
damage and mold development in homes that
are not properly sealed from water intrusion.

The process and cost to make post-flooding
repairs can be especially challenging for
disadvantaged communities in Buena Park
(Appendix C).
5 EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2025. “Heat Island Effect.” Accessed February 1, 2025. https://www.epa.gov/heatislands.
6 Cal-Adapt. 2024. “Extreme Precipitation Events for Buena Park, Global Climate Models HadGEM2-ES, CNRM-CM5, CanESM2, MIROC5.” Cal-Adapt website developed by University of California at Berkeley’s Geospatial Innovation Facility under contract with the California Energy Commission. Accessed July 1, 2024. https://cal-adapt.org. 7 State of California. 2018a. “Statewide Summary Report.” In California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment. Accessed December 1, 2023. https://climateassessment.ca.gov/state/index.html.

Buena Park Public Works repairing damaged pipes.

Source: FEMA (2024). National Flood Hazard Layer. Floodmaps.fema.gov/NFHL/status.sht Lincoln Ave
Valley View Ave
Knott Ave
S Magnolia Ave
Beach Blvd
Cypress
Cerritos
Buena Park
1 MILE
38 91
5 La Palma
LEGEND
La Mirada
Fullerton
Orangethorpe Ave
Knott’s
Berry
Farm
Special Flood Hazard Areas - A, A99, V
Regulatory Floodway - AH, AO, AE, VE
Area of Minimal Flood Hazard
Area of Undetermined Flood Hazard
City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 33 | | 32 | Climate Adaptation
Figure 10. FEMA Flood Zones
Source: FEMA (2024). National Flood Hazard Layer. https://www.fema.gov/flood-maps/national-flood-hazard-layer

WILDFIRE AND

SANTA ANA WINDS
Wildfires are large uncontrolled fires that
primarily burn through wildlands but can
spread to developed areas. Santa Ana winds
are a unique climate feature in Southern
California, referring to strong, hot winds
that originate inland from high-pressure
air masses. These often can be catalysts for
wildfire outbreaks.

Magnitude and Spatial Extent
In Buena Park, wildfires primarily impact the
broader community via smoke and indirect
impacts like climate migration. There is no
record of wildfires occurring within city limits,
but the northeastern portion of the City, near
Ralph B Clark Park and Los Coyotes Country
Club, overlaps with CAL FIRE identified Very
High, High, and Moderate Fire Hazard Severity
Zones (FHSZ).8 FHSZ’s are areas with relatively
more fire hazard present, based on fuel
loading, slope, fire weather, and other factors.

Within the City’s FHSZ’s, approximately 166
dwelling units and a handful of commercial
development exists. The FHSZ that dips into
the City extends more deeply into Fullerton
and the West Coyote Hills to the northeast.

The City’s FHSZ’s can be seen on Figure 11.

Regionally, overall burned area is projected to
increase over 60% for Santa Ana–based fires
(and 75% for non-Santa Ana fires). 9
impacts on Buena Park
Fire hazard within the northeastern portion of
Buena Park threatens the safety and property
of residents and businesses within that area.

Fire mitigation and management activities
are possible to limit the potential for impacts
to occur.

Additionally, wildfire smoke can exacerbate
asthma and increase the risk of heart attack. 10
While no groups sensitive to smoke are
especially prevalent in Buena Park, it is still
important to engage and educate residents on
days when wildfire smoke is present.
8 California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (2025). Local Responsibility Area Fire Hazard Severity Zones. https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/what-we-do/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/fire-hazard-severity-zones 9 State of California. 2018b. “Los Angeles Region Report.” In California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment. Accessed July 1, 2024. https://climateassessment.ca.gov/regions/. 10 Wettstein, Z.S., S. Hoshiko, J. Fahimi, R.J. Harrison, W.E. Cascio, A.G. Rappold, and J.A. Mott. 2018. “Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Emergency Department Visits Associated with Wildfire Smoke Exposure in California in 2015.” Journal of the American Heart Association 7(8): e007492. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.117.007492.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 35 | | 34 | Climate Adaptation
Figure 11. Fire Hazard Severity Zones
Source: California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (2025). Local Responsibility Area Fire Hazard Severity Zones. https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/what-we-do/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/fire-hazard-severity-zones Source: California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (2025). Local Responsibility Area Fire Hazard Severity Zones. https://osfm./f_ire.ca.gov/what-we-do/community-wild/f_ire-preparedness-and-mitigation//f_ire-hazard-severity-zones 1 MILE
38 91
5 Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZ) in Local
Responsibility Area (LRA)
La Mirada Fullerton
Cypress
Cerritos
Buena Park
Orangethorpe Ave
Knott’s
Berry
Farm
High Fire Hazard Severity Zone
Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone
Anaheim
Moderate Fire Hazard Severity Zone
Lincoln Ave
La Palma Valley View Ave
Knott Ave Beach Blvd
S Magnolia Ave

DROUGHT
Droughts are long periods with limited
precipitation that impact large regions.

Magnitude
Droughts lasting several years to decades
occur naturally in California. 11 Global climate
models project significantly drier soils in the
future and an 80% chance of a multi-decadal
drought during 2050–2099 under a high-
emissions scenario. However, the frequency
of wet and dry extreme events is also
projected to increase between 25% and 100%,
with limited changes in mean precipitation
totals, indicating both intensified droughts
and rainfall events. 12
impacts on Buena Park
While drought is a regional event, its impact
on water quantity and quality depends
on the water provider and their sources.

The Municipal Water District of Orange
County (MWDOC) utilizes local groundwater
and imported water. In the short term,
drought greatly affects surface water levels.

Groundwater is also impacted, as reduced
recharge occurs during drought, and it is
often used to compensate for limited surface
water availability. Although the impacts of an
extended period of drought are a concern, the
City is projected to meet full-service demands
through 2045 for all scenarios. Orange
County Water District and MWDOC continue
to update their Urban Water Management
Plan and Water Shortage Contingency Plan,
improve water management, and ensure
Buena Park’s water is safe and reliable.
11 Ingram, L., and F. Malamud-Roam. 2013. The West Without Water: What Past Floods, Droughts, and Other Climatic Clues Tell Us About Tomorrow. University of California Press. 12 Swain, D.L., B. Langenbrunner, J.D. Neelin, and A. Hall. 2018. “Increasing Precipitation Volatility in Twenty-First-Century California.” Nature Climate Change 8:427–433. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0140-y.

Drought-tolerant landscaping demonstration garden
in front of City Hall.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 37 | | 36 | Climate Adaptation

TIMING OF HAZARDS
Hazards can occur at any time, but for several there are general times of the year where they occur most. Figure 12, below, shows the months relevant climate hazards currently most commonly occur throughout a given year. However, certain hazards are shifting. For example, in recent years, winter months have experienced more extreme heat days. 18 These hazards also interact with each other year-to-year, meaning hazard risks can shift at any given time. For example, if a drought is occurring and precipitation is limited in a year, or over the course of several years, there may be more risk for wildfires at times outside of the warm, dry “fire season” shown.

Figure 12. Likely Timing of Climate Hazards
Sources: State of California. 2018b. “Los Angeles Region Report.” In California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment.

Accessed July 1, 2024. https://climateassessment.ca.gov/regions/.

Jan Feb Mar Apr Oct Nov Dec
Santa Ana Winds
Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct
Wildﬁres
Jan Feb Mar Nov Dec
Precipitation
Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct
Extreme Heat Days
13 Hauer, M., J. Evans, and D. Mishra. 2016. “Millions Projected to be at Risk from Sea-Level Rise in the Continental United States.” Nature Climate Change 6:691–695. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2961. 14 State of California. 2018c. “Appendix 3: Sea-Level Rise Projections for All 12 Tide Gauges.” In Sea-Level Rise Guidance Accessed July 12, 2024. https://www.opc.ca.gov/webmaster/ftp/pdf/agenda_items/20180314/Item3_Exhibit-A _OPC_SLR_Guidance-rd3.pdf.
15 CAL FIRE (California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection). 2024. “Fire Hazard Severity Zones.” Accessed July 19, 2024. https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/what-we-do/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/fire-hazard -severity-zones.
16 Wolsko, C., and E. Marino. 2016. “Disasters, Migrations, and the Unintended Consequences of Urbanization:

What’s the Harm in Getting Out of Harm’s Way?” Population and Environment 37:411–428. https://doi.org/10.1007 /s11111-015-0248-1.
17 Eyer, J., R. Dinterman, N. Miller, and A. Rose. 2018. “The Effect of Disasters on Migration Destinations: Evidence from Hurricane Katrina.” Economics of Disasters and Climate Change 2(1): 91–106. 18 State of California. 2018b. “Los Angeles Region Report.” In California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment.

Accessed July 1, 2024. https://climateassessment.ca.gov/regions/.

CLIMATE MIGRATION
Climate migration refers to when people
relocate due to climate-related hazards. In
Southern California, it is anticipated that
migration will occur because of sea-level rise
and wildfires.

Magnitude and Spatial Extent
Orange County is one of the most at-risk
counties in the nation in terms of total
population and percentage of population
at-risk of sea-level rise, with 65,336 people
at-risk under a 3-foot increase in sea level and
225,720 people at-risk under a 6-foot-increase
in sea level. While the population potentially
at risk is high, the probability of this amount
of sea-level rise remains uncertain. 13 In the
Los Angeles region, which includes Orange
County, 3 feet of sea-level rise has a 66%
probability (the likely range) of occurring by
2140 under a medium-emissions scenario
or by 2090 under a high-emissions scenario,
but it has a 0.5% probability of occurring as
soon as 2070, even with a medium-emissions
scenario. Sea-level rise of 6 feet has a 0.5%
probability of occurring by 2110 under a
medium-emissions scenario or after 2090
under a high-emissions scenario. 14
Beyond sea-level rise, wildfires may be
another reason for climate migration.

In Orange County, approximately 2,600
structures, or 0.3% of all structures, are
located within a Fire Hazard Severity Zone. 15
While many of these structures may never
experience damage from fire, it is likely that
some will burn and may not be rebuilt.
impacts on Buena Park
Based on its economic characteristics,
Buena Park may be less likely to experience
significant climate migration. 16 However,
it may attract migrants due to its relatively
low exposure to wildfire, extreme heat,
and flooding hazards. 17 Further regional
coordination is needed to address this topic in
the future.
| 38 | Climate Adaptation
Climate Hazard Model
Confidence
LOW
MEDIUM
HIGH
Santa Ana Winds
Warm
ing
Area Burned
Heavy Precipitation
Drought Frequency

CERTAINTY OF HAZARDS
Models have varying degrees of confidence surrounding projected increases in the frequency or magnitude of certain hazards (Figure 13). Santa Ana winds are the only relevant climate hazard with low confidence in projected outcomes.

Figure 13. Climate Hazard Model Confidence
Source: State of California. 2018a. “Statewide Summary Report.” In California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment.

Accessed December 1, 2023. https://climateassessment.ca.gov/state/index.html.

OPPORTUNiTY

AREAS, MEASURES,
AND ACTiONS
5 The City has
Immense
Opportunity
to Improve
the Community
Through Local
Action
The City has identified eight
opportunity areas to drive
reductions in GHG emissions
and enhance resilience. Each
opportunity area includes
measurable goals and specific
actions, forming a structured
approach to implementing
the CAAP. This comprehensive
strategy, which involves diverse
actions, stakeholders, and
timelines, is a multifaceted effort
that’s required to meet the
City’s ambitious, state-aligned
climate goals.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 43 | | 42 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
Opportunity Areas
The CAAP includes eight opportunity areas, which represent the broad categories for enacting climate action and adaptation within the City. The opportunity areas largely align with the emission sectors presented in Chapter 3 and provide the focus areas for the CAAP’s overall strategy. The eight opportunity areas are listed below. • On-Road Transportation (T)
• Energy and the Built Environment (E)
• Off-Road Equipment (OR)
• Water and Wastewater (W)
• Solid Waste (SW)
• People and Community (PC)
• Natural and Urban Lands (NU)
• Municipal (M)
Each opportunity area is introduced by examining its existing conditions—defining “where Buena Park is” today. This section details the current landscape, presents existing emissions, and highlights the City’s achievements in fostering positive change within that specific area.

Recognizing the City’s prior efforts, these sections showcase those accomplishments and lay the groundwork for the CAAP’s proposed measures and actions to further advance progress.

Following this, each opportunity area has a discussion of the City’s “pathway ahead,” which broadly outlines the necessary shifts to achieve the emissions reduction and resiliency goals specific to that area. This pathway ahead section provides the direction the City needs to move in for a more sustainable and resilient future. Where relevant, the GHG emissions reduction potential of City efforts is reported at the opportunity area level.

Measures
Within each opportunity area, there are measures that outline the specific climate action and adaptation goals relevant to the area. Measures provide broad goals for each opportunity area, touching on a common mechanism or approach to reducing
emissions and enhancing resilience. Measures are achieved through individual, tangible actions. Where relevant, performance metrics for achievement are reported at the measure level. Performance metrics are used for GHG reduction calculation purposes and represent the minimum goal to be achieved, which can be exceeded.

5. Opportunity Areas,
Measures, and Actions
To establish clear goals for climate action and adaptation within the City, Chapter 5 provides the CAAP implementation strategy, which is organized within a tiered framework. This framework will provide a roadmap to help the City achieve its GHG emissions reduction goals, as outlined in Chapter 3, and ensure the City is prepared for the climate change–induced hazards discussed in Chapter 4.

FRAMEWORK
The CAAP's tiered implementation
framework provides a structured and
systematic approach to ensure that the
City’s GHG emissions reductions goals are
achieved through manageable steps that
can be monitored over time. The three
key elements of the tiered framework
include opportunity areas, measures, and
actions. Each of these elements is discussed
below, and their relationship is depicted in
Figure 14.

The sections that follow outline each of
these elements, which together form the
City's strategic roadmap for attaining its climate action and adaptation objectives.

Further details related to implementation are provided in Chapter 6 and Appendix E.

Measure
Opportunity
Area
Action
T 1 a
Action Coding
Each CAAP action has a unique code
that identifies the opportunity area
(uppercase letter[s]), the measure
(number), and the individual action
(lowercase letter).

Opportunity areas can be thought of
as the high-level “opportunities” the
City has to enact positive outcomes
related to climate change.

Measures break down the
opportunity areas into specific,
“measurable” goals.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 45 | | 44 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
Co-Benefits
Co-benefits represent the indirect advantages that arise from activities designed primarily to lower GHG emissions or improve resilience to climate change. These additional benefits are often highlighted to justify the resources, planning, and execution of climate action initiatives. 19 Here, co-benefits are detailed at the opportunity area level, with more detailed descriptions provided at the measure level, where relevant. Co-benefits of the CAAP opportunity areas and measures were evaluated using the following qualitative categories:

Actions
Finally, within each measure are actions that detail the steps the City must take to accomplish the measure.

Actions are the individual tasks that must be carried
out collectively to successfully implement the CAAP and achieve the City’s goals. There are several common tools used at the action level to affect change, including the following:
• Education/Marketing: Tools for gathering or disseminating information about climate action and adaptation and related topics. These tools aim to increase awareness and understanding and encourage behavior changes beneficial for CAAP goals. • Partnerships: Collaborative efforts that foster coordination and cooperation among various groups (e.g., City agencies, businesses, community organizations) to address climate challenges efficiently.
• Incentives: Tools that encourage behavior change through benefits, such as financial rewards, convenience, or recognition.
• Regulation: The use of local laws, codes, and ordinances to mandate specific actions or outcomes related to emissions reduction and resilience. • Investment/Funding: Mechanisms for securing and allocating financial resources and investments needed to implement actions, often enabling the use of other tools. • Infrastructure: The development or modification of physical systems and facilities to support climate goals, such as public transit, renewable energy installations, or resilient infrastructure.

Figure 14. Tiered Framework for CAAP Implementation

MEASURE

ACTION ACTION

MEASURE

OPPORTUNITY AREA
19 CAPCOA. 2024. Handbook for Analyzing Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions, Assessing Climate Vulnerabilities, and Advancing Health and Equity. October. Available: https://www.caleemod.com/documents/handbook/full_handbook.pdf Co-Benefit Highlights are
indicated by the green leaf icon
As the name suggests, “actions”
provide the specific ways the City and
individuals will “act” to accomplish the
broad goals of the CAAP.

Improves Air Quality
Efforts that would reduce air
pollutants, such as particulate
matter, ozone precursors, and
toxic air contaminants.

Improves Mobility
Efforts that enhance travel within
the city limits, including increased
access to transportation options,
reduced congestion, improved
public transit, enhanced bicycle
and pedestrian infrastructure, and
overall efficiency of movement.

Improves Public Health
and Safety
Efforts that contribute to the well-
being and security of individuals
and the community at large.

Examples include reduced rates
of illness and injury, increased
opportunities for physical activity,
and reduced exposure to hazards
and stressors.

Enhances the
Natural Environment
Efforts that positively impact the
ecosystems, biodiversity, and
natural resources within the city.

Enhances the Local
or Regional Economy
Efforts that stimulate economic
growth or support job creation
within the city.

Provides Cost Savings
Efforts that result in either direct
or indirect financial savings for
residents, businesses, or City
government. These savings can
be on short or long timescales
and may include reduced utility
bills, lower healthcare costs,
decreased maintenance expenses
from resilient infrastructure, and
decreased financial burden from
climate-related incidences.

Promotes Equity
Efforts that advance fair and
just access to resources and
opportunities within the city.

Provides Education
Efforts that increase awareness,
understanding, and knowledge of
climate action, climate adaptation,
and related issues.

Buena Park
Active Transportation
Plan
City Council adoption on
September 10, 2024
The prepartion of this report was funded through a grant from the State of California - Department of Transportation.
| 46 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
Where Buena Park Is
Buena Park’s transportation system is designed to support regional and local mobility needs.

The city is well-connected through major freeways, including the Santa Ana Freeway (Interstate 5) and the Artesia Freeway (State Route 91), which provide north–south and east–west regional access, respectively. Beach Boulevard (State Route 39) is a key state highway running through the city, linking it to several major freeways. The city also has designated truck routes to manage the movement of goods and minimize neighborhood disruption.

Public transit is robust, with multiple Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA) bus routes and a Metrolink station at Lakeknoll Drive and Dale Street, offering commuter rail services to Downtown Los Angeles, Riverside County, other Orange County municipalities, and San Diego.

High-volume bus stops are clustered around key land uses, including tourist-commercial areas like the Entertainment Corridor. The busiest bus stops are at the intersection of Beach Boulevard and La Palma Avenue, serving four bus routes and representing 18% of the city’s total bus ridership.

Active transportation infrastructure, such as sidewalks and bicycle lanes, support transit use by addressing the “first/last mile” problem, enabling easier access to transit stops without relying on personal vehicles. The Buena Park ATP was adopted in September 2024 and aims to enhance the city’s design to support walking, biking, and transit use, addressing historical underinvestment in these areas. The plan focuses on improving safety, filling network gaps, and integrating access to essential services through community partnerships, safety education, and infrastructure projects. It aligns with regional goals to create a robust, sustainable transportation network, promoting “Complete Streets” and emerging mobility technologies.

Transportation
277,347 MT CO2e
68%
Current On-Road Emissions
On-Road
Transportation (T)
The on-road transportation opportunity area
addresses GHG emissions related to combustion
of fossil fuels, including gasoline, diesel, and natural gas from use of passenger vehicles, commercial
vehicles, and public transit within Buena Park.

MEASURES
T1

Encourage Transition
to Electric Vehicles
T2
Enhance Active
Transportation Environment
Buena Park’ s Pathway Ahead
To address on-road transportation emissions, the City must decrease vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and transition from fossil fuel–powered transportation to zero-emission vehicles.

The on-road transportation opportunity area aims to cut GHG emissions from fossil fuel–powered vehicles by encouraging the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) for both public and private use throughout the city. To achieve these reduction goals, the plan includes various incentives to replace gasoline and diesel vehicles with electric alternatives, along with the development of a widespread, accessible charging infrastructure to make the switch to EVs practical for all city residents.

The measures also focus on cutting transportation emissions by reducing single-occupancy vehicle trips and promoting transit-oriented and infill development. By offering residents alternatives like carpooling and shuttle services, the City can lower VMT, which is crucial for reducing GHG emissions in the transportation sector.

T3
Reduce Single-Occupancy
Vehicle Trips
T4
Optimize Land Use to
Minimize Commute Distances
T5
Incentivize Use
of Public Transit

CO-BENEFITS
City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 49 | | 48 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
T1 | Encourage Transition to Electric vehicles
Encouraging the transition to EVs helps reduce GHG emissions by fully shifting transportation to a cleaner, renewable energy source. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) produce zero tailpipe emissions, while plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) emit fewer GHGs when operating in electric mode (eVMT) until they need to use gasoline. Most PHEV owners charge their vehicles at home overnight, replacing gasoline use with electricity, which has lower associated emissions. Expanding charging infrastructure can further boost the percentage of electric miles for PHEVs, alleviate consumer “range anxiety,” and promote the adoption of BEVs.

T1a. Develop and implement a citywide
education program that educates
residents and businesses on the
advantage of EVs.

T1b. Install more EV charging stations at non-
residential public parking areas.

T1c. Develop an incentive program
to encourage building owners to
install EV supply equipment. Target
apartment buildings and medium- and
low-income homeowners.

T1d. Adopt an ordinance to require California
Green Building Standards (CALGreen)
Tier 2 standards or similar EV charging
requirements for EV receptacles and
supply equipment for new residential
and nonresidential construction.

T1e. Apply for state grants to fund the
installation of EV chargers.

T1f. Continue to exempt up to two
EV charging stations from non-
conforming use requirements
when added to an existing
business or property when it
does not require additional
non-conforming construction.

T1g. Develop an ordinance to require
Transport Refrigeration Units (TRUs)
and auxiliary power units (APUs) to
utilize electric plug-in units at loading
docks, if capable.

T1 Performance Metrics
Metric 2030 2045
Targeted battery electric vehicle/plug-in
hybrid electric vehicle population % 20% 80%
Actions to Encourage Transition to Electric vehicles
T2 | Enhance Active Transportation Environment
Active transportation refers to human-
powered transportation and low-speed
electronic assist devices. Enhancing active
transportation encourages the use of
alternative modes of travel throughout the
City, thereby reducing VMT and associated
GHG emissions.

Enhancing active transportation
can improve human health
through a reduction in air pollution
and increase in physical activity.

T2a. Update municipal code to require
installation of enhanced end-of-trip
bike facilities, including bike racks,
lockers, and employee showers.

T2b. Implement micromobility (e-bike,
bikeshare, and scootershare) programs.

Partner with businesses, hotels, etc.
to designate stations/docks and develop
maps with destinations and safe
routes, particularly suited for tourists
and visitors.

T2c. Expand the City’s sidewalk network in
alignment with the City’s ATP.

T2d. Construct new bike facilities in
alignment with the City’s ATP.

T2e. Change lane configuration at under
capacity roadway segments from six
lanes to four lanes.

Actions to Enhance Active Transportation Environment
T2 Performance Metrics
Metric 2030 2045
# of employees with
end-of-trip bike facilities
5,350 employees
(11.5% of workforce)
6,500 Employees
(13.5% of workforce)
Micromobility
locations
Implement along parts of Beach
Boulevard near Knott’s Berry Farm
Implement along Beach Boulevard
and surrounding neighborhoods
# of miles of
sidewalk expansion

0.48 miles
(partial closure of sidewalk gaps)

1.7 miles
(close all gaps identified in the ATP)
# of miles of
new bike facilities
24 miles
(1/3 buildout of the ATP)

74.5 miles
(full buildout of the ATP)
Lane configuration locations Orangethorpe Avenue between Stanton Avenue and Dale Street
Valley View Street between
Cerritos Avenue and Ball Road and
Orangethorpe Avenue between
Stanton Avenue and Dale Street
Installing electric
vehicle charging
infrastructure
enhances fuel
redundancy for electric
vehicles, ensuring they
remain operational even
during extreme weather
events that may disrupt
other fuel sources.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 51 | | 50 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
T3 | Reduce Single-Occupancy vehicle Trips
Transitioning from long-distance, single-
occupancy vehicles to shared vehicles
decreases overall commute VMT, which
in turn lowers GHG emissions.

Actions to Reduce Single-Occupancy vehicle Trips
T3d. Require employers with 200 or more
employees to provide a cash payment
to employees that forgo provided
parking at their place of employment.

T3e. Review parking minimums and
reduce parking requirements in new
multifamily households.

T3f. Separate parking costs from
property costs in residential
developments/apartment complexes.

T3 Performance Metrics
Metric 2030 2045
# of employees with voluntary commute trip
reduction programs 3,800 (10%) 7,600 (19%)
# of employees reached with voluntary commute
trip reduction programs marketing 3,800 (10%) 7,600 (19%) # of employees with access to rideshare program 1,900 (5%) 3,800 (10%) # of employees with access to vanshare program 206 (2.7% of top employers)
206
(2.7 of top employers)
# of employees with parking cashout program 3,800 (10%) 7,600 (19%) # of new households with updated parking
minimum of 1.5 spaces per household
7,000 new
households 14,400 new multifamily households
# of households with unbundled parking costs 7,000 new
households 14,400 new multifamily households
T3a. Develop voluntary citywide commute
trip reduction program for employers
to opt-in that provides alternative travel
options to/from work (e.g., carpool,
transit, walking/biking).

T3b. Educate the community on travel options
for commuters to reduce commute trips
via marketing campaigns.

T3c. Require employers with 200 or more
employees to develop a program to
facilitate ridesharing/carpooling and
vansharing for employees.

T4 | Optimize Land Use to Minimize Commute Distances
Higher density development can decrease
travel distances and offer more choices for
modes of transportation. Higher density
leads to shorter and fewer trips by single-
occupancy vehicles, thereby reducing
GHG emissions.

Actions to Optimize Land Use to Minimize Commute Distances Employees in cashout programs
can save money through
the cashout benefit and potentially
by reducing vehicle ownership,
maintenance, and usage.

Increased density can put people
closer to resources they may need
to access during an extreme weather
event. Increased density can also shorten
commutes, decreasing the amount of
time people are on the road and exposed
to hazards such as extreme
heat or flooding.

T4a. Upzone residential zoning to allow for increased residential density.

T4b. Increase job density through commercial and industrial rezoning.

T4d. Develop inclusionary housing ordinance to incentivize or require affordable housing beyond state requirements.

T4 Performance Metrics
Metric 2030 2045
# of acres with increased residential density through
residential upzoning 91 acres 166 acres
# of acres of commercial/industrial rezoning 83.5 acres 108 acres # of acres of development near Buena Park Metrolink 67 acres 110 acres # of acres of mixed-use housing in the Housing Incentives Overlay Map that increase the inclusionary housing
requirement from 20% to 25%
107 acres 230 acres
| 52 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
T5a. Conduct a feasibility study and
community engagement on potential
Mobility Hub locations in alignment with
the ATP.

T5b. Conduct a feasibility analysis for the
development of a mobility as a service
(MaaS) platform that offers a centralized
hub for transportation choices in
alignment with the ATP.

T5c. Implement a subsidized transit
pass program.

T5 | incentivize Use of Public Transit
To incentivize the use of public transit,
the City can reduce the cost of transit and
expand the local transit network. Lowering
the out-of-pocket cost for transit makes
it more competitive compared to driving,
leading to an increase in transit trips
and a decrease in vehicle trips. Similarly,
enhancing or modifying existing transit
services, or extending operation hours, can
better accommodate the commuting times
of alternative-shift workers, encouraging
the use of transit. These incentives can
result in reduced VMT and associated
GHG emissions.

Actions to incentivize Use of Public Transit
T5d. Expand local transit coverage (e.g.,
community circulator, microtransit
service, tourist shuttles) to improve
local circulation.

T5e. Construct improvements along
roadways to improve transit service
and reliability, including queue jump
lanes, transit signal priority, dedicated
transit lanes, business access/transit
lanes, and enhanced bus stops.

T5 Performance Metrics
Metric 2030 2045
# of households with subsidized transit passes 850 households 2,100 households # of miles of expanded local transit coverage 7 miles 14 miles Implement transit-supportive roadway improvements
along Beach Boulevard (signal priority, queue jumps)
Improvements to half
of Beach Boulevard
Improvements to all
of Beach Boulevard
Expanding transit network
coverage or extending operation
hours enhances the reliability of the
transportation system and ensures
redundancy, even if an extreme
event disrupts part of the network.

Additionally, it can incentivize more
people to use transit, reducing traffic
and improving access for emergency
responders to hazard sites during
extreme weather events.

ON-ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Challenges and Considerations
Challenges preventing use of alternative modes
of transportation:
• Lack of walking paths and bike lanes
• Safety concerns related to the speed
of vehicle traffic
Of the local businesses surveyed:
• 20% have remote work options
• 5% have carpooling programs
• 5% have preferred parking
• 0% offer transit subsidies
Emissions Reductions
−45,183 MT CO2e by 2030
−164,377 MT CO 2e by 2045
| 54 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
Where Buena Park Is
The City voted to join Orange County Power Authority (OCPA) in December 2020 as a founding member along with the cities of Fullerton, Huntington Beach, Irvine, and Lake Forest. OCPA is a not-for-profit Community Choice Aggregator (CCA), providing clean electricity generation at competitive rates.

CCAs empower communities to have greater control over their energy generation. For Buena Park, this translates to enhanced customer choice for residents and businesses beyond current offerings. CCAs, typically founded with environmental objectives, often source power from renewable energy like water, wind, and solar, facilitating a quicker transition from conventional, GHG-emitting sources, such as natural gas and coal. CCAs can also secure competitive electricity rates, offering potential cost savings for customers compared to local utility providers like Southern California Edison (SCE).

OCPA purchases electricity from traditional and renewable energy sources, which is delivered to customers through SCE’s current grid and infrastructure. OCPA provides customers with three energy plan options:
• Basic Choice provides electricity in alignment with Renewables Portfolio Standard energy procurement requirements that costs 3% less than SCE’s comparable generation rate. • Smart Choice provides electricity that consists of more renewable energy than Basic Choice at 1 cent more per kWh.
• 100% Renewable Choice provides electricity that consists of only renewable energy.

The City’s default energy plan for residents and businesses is the 100% Renewable Choice plan to maximize GHG emissions reductions. New customer accounts are automatically enrolled in this plan, with the option to opt-out or switch plans at any time.

Energy
104,274 MT CO2e
26%
Current Energy Emissions
Buena Park’ s Pathway Ahead
To address emissions related to energy and the built environment, the City must transition to cleaner fuels while also increasing energy efficiency.

The energy and built environment opportunity area aims to cut GHG emissions through measures that facilitate retrofits for increased efficiency and electrification of heating systems and appliances, procure zero-carbon electricity, and encourage further expansion of renewable energy generation to accelerate grid decarbonization.

Energy and the
Built Environment (E)
The energy and built environment opportunity area
addresses GHG emissions related to consumption
of natural gas for heating and indirectly through the
use of electricity within Buena Park.

MEASURES
E1

Increase Energy
Efficiency in Buildings
E2

Decarbonize and
Electrify Buildings
E3

Increase Renewable Energy
Generation and Storage
E4

Procure
Zero-Carbon Electricity
E5

Increase Reflectance
and Cool Buildings

CO-BENEFITS
City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 57 | | 56 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
E1 | increase Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Energy-efficient building practices and
energy-efficient appliances reduce the
overall energy use of residential and
commercial buildings, thereby reducing
GHG emissions.

Actions to increase Energy Efficiency in Buildings
E1a. Facilitate third-party energy audits for
existing residential and commercial
buildings by providing resources and
technical assistance.

E1b. Incentivize private building owners to
retrofit buildings with energy-efficient
upgrades by collaborating with utilities
to provide reduced cost energy upgrades
and providing permit streamlining
as applicable.

E1c. Adopt a time-of-renovation energy
efficiency ordinance requiring
use of energy-efficient features
in plan designs.

E1 is a supporting measure with no performance metrics.

E2 | Decarbonize and Electrify Buildings
Natural gas–powered appliances are fueled
from an emissions-intensive fossil fuel
source. Converting to electric alternatives,
which is a less emissions-intensive energy
source than natural gas, decreases GHG
emissions. Emissions will steadily decrease
with this switch given that electricity, sourced
from the grid, is increasingly transitioning to
renewable sources.

E2a. Incentivize and/or adopt an ordinance
that requires new buildings to include
zero emissions/very low emissions
appliances (heat pumps, stove tops,
ovens, water heaters, clothes driers).

E2b. Adopt a time-of-renovation
electrification ordinance that requires
replacement of HVAC systems, hot
water heaters, and other natural
gas appliances.

E2c. Educate the community on the
replacement of natural gas
appliances with electric appliances in
residential and commercial buildings
and highlight the cost savings and
health benefits.

E2d. Provide technical assistance to
private building owners and tenants
regarding building decarbonization.

Actions to Decarbonize and Electrify Buildings
E2 Performance Metrics
Metric 2030 2045
% of new construction all-electric 100% 100%
% of existing single-family residential buildings electrified 50% 90% % of existing multifamily residential buildings electrified 50% 90% % of existing commercial buildings electrified 50% 90%
% of existing industrial buildings electrified 50% 90%
Enhancing energy efficiency can
alleviate strain on the overall
grid, especially reducing the risk of
power outages during peak demand.

Improved efficiency can also lower
energy costs, particularly during periods
of extreme heat when these costs might
otherwise rise.

Although electric appliances
for residential and commercial
properties may have higher upfront
costs, they are more energy-efficient
than natural gas appliances, leading
to long-term cost savings through
reduced energy consumption.

Additionally, electric appliances typically
require less maintenance than their
conventional counterparts.

OCPA Residential Product Marketplace
OCPA offers a residential online marketplace featuring home energy products. Customers can receive incentives for purchasing smart home devices and energy-efficient items.

This discount program allows OCPA community members to buy products like LED bulbs, smart thermostats, power strips, home energy monitors, and more through the online marketplace.

Southern California Regional Energy Network
The Southern California Regional Energy Network (SoCalREN) is a program dedicated to identifying energy-saving measures and collaborating with public agencies throughout the design, financing, and construction phases of projects to achieve energy efficiency.

SoCalREN offers all its services at no cost, benefiting over 700 public agencies in Southern California.

City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 59 | | 58 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
E3 | increase Renewable Energy Generation and Storage
Increasing electricity generation from on
site solar PV systems reduces the demand
typically met by the local electricity provider.

Local providers have varying carbon intensities
based on their energy sources. PV systems,
which generate zero GHG emissions, displace
emissions that would have been produced by
the local provider, resulting in a reduction in
GHG emissions.

Actions to increase Renewable Energy Generation and Storage Buena Park’s Portal for Instant Solar and Energy Storage Permits The City has launched an online platform, powered by Symbium, for instant permits for residential solar and battery storage systems. This platform verifies code compliance in real time and automates permit issuance, reducing costs and speeding up solar installations. The initiative aims to promote renewable energy adoption and lower nonrenewable energy usage.

OCPA Net Energy Metering Program
OCPA works with SCE to provide customers with PV solar Net Energy Metering (NEM) service. At the end of the annual billing period, customers that generate more solar power than consumed are eligible for a net surplus compensation (NSC) credit from OCPA. OCPA’s NSC rate for excess generation is 10% higher than SCE’s prevailing rate.

E4 | Procure Zero-Carbon Electricity
Procuring electricit y with lower carbon
intensity displaces the electricity demand
and related emissions that would have
been produced by the default energy mix,
resulting in a reduction in GHG emissions.

Actions to Procure Zero-Carbon Electricity
On-site renewable energy
systems offer backup generation
sources, enhancing generation capacity
and reducing the risk of outages,
especially during extreme events that
disrupt the grid. On-site renewable
energy can also lower energy costs.

Lowering the demand for
electricity from fossil fuel sources
will improve air quality at power plants
that currently rely on fossil fuels.

E3a. Incentivize the installation of on-site zero-GHG and renewable energy generation systems.

E3b. Incentivize installation of on-site zero-GHG and renewable energy generation systems in existing buildings by continuing to streamline City permitting processes.

E3c. Provide technical assistance and education programs to private building owners on the benefits of paired PV solar and battery systems.

E3 Performance Metrics
Metric 2030 2045
# of existing rooftops that have installed PV solar 4,360 10,900 E4a. Promote community participation in 100% renewable energy tier through continued education and marketing.

E4 Performance Metrics
Metric 2030 2045
% of single-family customers participating
in 100% renewable plan 90% N/A
% of multifamily customers participating
in 100% renewable plan 90% N/A
% of commercial customers participating
in 100% renewable plan 75% N/A
% of industrial customers participating
in 100% renewable plan 100% N/A
Note: N/A = not applicable.
| 60 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
E5 | increase Reflectance and Cool Buildings
Increasing surface reflectance can help
reduce GHG emissions by reflecting more and
absorbing less solar radiation that enters the
earth’s atmosphere, thu s lowering temperatures
and GHG emissions. When dark roofs are
replaced with cool roofs, more sunlight is
reflected and less heat is absorbed, keeping
buildings cooler in the summer and reducing
air-conditioning loa ds. Similarly, cool walls
and pavements use more reflective paints or
materials to achieve the same effect.

Actions to increase Reflectance and Cool Buildings
Cool roofs and walls absorb
less heat, keeping buildings
cooler; reduce strain on the electric
grid, lowering the risk of power
outages during peak loads; and cut
energy costs. When implemented
widely, these reflectance measures
can mitigate the urban heat island
effect, boosting both individual
and community resilience to
extreme heat.

ENERGY AND THE

BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Challenges and Considerations
Barriers to transitioning from natural gas to electric:
• High costs and financial constraints
• Preference for gas stoves for cooking
Most businesses surveyed (83%) do not
have solar installed
Emissions Reductions
−59,912 MT CO2e by 2030
−64,542 MT CO2e by 2045
E5a. Implement a cool pavement pilot program within the City right-of-way.

E5b. Pursue grant funding to incentivize the use of cool roofs and walls during roof replacements and home renovations or alterations.

E5 is a supporting measure with no performance metrics. | 62 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
Businesses operating
in the City will transition
equipment under
25 horsepower
JUL 1, 2026
JAN 1, 2026
City contractors
will transition to electric
JAN 1, 2027
Businesses operating
in the City will transition
all equipment; Residents will
transition equipment under
25 horsepower
Residents will transition
equipment 25 or more
horsepower to electric
JAN 1, 2028
City-owned and
operated equipment
will transition to electric
JUL 1, 2025

MEASURE
Where Buena Park Is
The City adopted Ordinance No. 1748, Regulating the Use of Gas-Powered Lawn Equipment Citywide, in February 2025 to transition all lawn equipment operated in the City to electric power by 2028 (Figure 15). To aid the transition to electric landscaping equipment, the City has provided a comprehensive rebate program to support residents and businesses. The rebate program works in tandem with existing programs from the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and OCPA.

Figure 15. Electric Lawn Equipment Transition Timeline
Off-Road
Equipment (OR)
The off-road equipment opportunity area addresses
GHG emissions from combustion of fuel for use of
off-road equipment. Off-road equipment use within
Buena Park includes TRUs, construction equipment,
industrial equipment, landscaping equipment,
light commercial equipment, boats, recreational
equipment, and portable equipment.

OR1
Increase Electric and
Zero-Emission Off-Road and
Landscaping Equipment Adoption
Current Off-Road Emissions
Off-Road
14,040 MT CO2e
3% Buena Park’ s Pathway Ahead
To address emissions from off-road equipment, the City must encourage the transition from fossil fuel to electric and other alternative fuels that result in near-zero to zero GHG emissions.

To achieve these reduction goals, the plan includes actions to implement the existing landscaping equipment transition plan, incentives to use zero-emission equipment during construction, and zero-emission equipment requirements for 2045.

CO-BENEFITS
| 64 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
OR1 | increase Electric and Zero-Emission Off-Road
and Landscaping Equipment Adoption
By replacing diesel-powered equipment
with electric or hybrid alternatives, fossil
fuel combustion is reduced, thereby
lowering or eliminating GHG emissions.

Switching from diesel- and gas-
powered equipment to cleaner
fuel or electric-powered alternatives
lowers the risk of health issues caused
by pollutants and minimizes noise
pollution impacts for users and nearby
community members.

Actions to increase the Adoption of Electric and Zero-Emission Off-Road and Landscaping Equipment
OR1a. Implement the City’s Electric
Lawn Equipment Transition Plan for
businesses and residents.

OR1b. Support adoption of zero- emission
off-road equipment during construction
through permit streamlining and
promotion of contractors who have
zero-emission off-road equipment
within their fleet.

OR1 Performance Metrics
Metric 2030 2045
% of lawn equipment electrified 100% 100%
% of construction equipment electrified 50% 100%
% of Transport Refrigeration Units electrified 50% 100% % of industrial equipment electrified 75% 100%
% of light commercial equipment electrified 50% 100%
% of pleasure craft electrified 50% 100%
% of recreational equipment electrified 50% 100%
% of portable equipment electrified 50% 100%
OR1c. Adopt an ordinance requiring
use of only zero-emission or near-
zero-emission operational off-road
equipment, where commercially
available, by 2045.

OFF-ROAD EQUIPMENT
Emissions Reductions
−1,917 MT CO2e by 2030
−16,518 MT CO2e by 2045
| 66 | Opportunity Areas, Measures, and Actions
Water and
Wastewater (W)
The water and wastewater opportunity area
addresses GHG emissions related to the electricity
consumed in the extraction, conveyance, and
distribution of water to residents and businesses
within Buena Park. The opportunity area also
addresses the GHG emissions from wastewater
treatment, where chemical and microbial processes
break down sewage and release biogas.

Where Buena Park Is
Buena Park provides water to its residents and customers through a mix of local groundwater from the Orange County Groundwater Basin (OC Basin) and additional imported potable water sourced from its regional wholesaler, MWDOC. The City employs a range of demand management strategies to promote water conservation and efficiency. These include water waste prevention ordinances, metering, conservation pricing, public outreach, and programs to address water loss in the distribution system. In partnership with MWDOC, the City also supports initiatives such as appliance rebate programs, landscape transformation efforts, and public awareness events. To further enhance monitoring and management, the City has adopted tiered water rates and advanced metering infrastructure.

The City’s wastewater is delivered to the Orange County Sanitation District (OCSAN) and Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts (LACSD), with the majority of water treated at OCSAN Treatment Plant No. 2. OCSAN recycles 100% of their reclaimable flow through their Groundwater Replenishment System (GWRS), which is the world’s largest water purification system for indirect potable reuse. GWRS purifies highly treated wastewater through microfiltration, reverse osmosis, and ultraviolet light with hydrogen peroxide to produce high- quality water that meets all state and federal drinking water standards. Buena Park benefits from the GWRS as it provides a locally controlled, reliable supply of high-quality water that is drought-resilient, and it decreases dependency on imported water.

W1
Reduce
Water Consumption
W2
Increase Water Reuse
and Recycling
Current Water and
Wastewater Emissions
Water and
Wastewater
3,811 MT CO2e
1% Buena Park’ s Pathway Ahead
To address water and wastewater emissions, the City must implement measures for reducing water use, increasing efficiency, and adopting water reuse. Indirect GHG emissions from water use can be reduced by lowering water demand and using less energy-intensive sources.

Indoor water demand can be minimized by installing efficient fixtures and appliances, while outdoor demand can be reduced through water- efficient landscaping and smart irrigation systems.

The water and wastewater opportunity area aims to reduce water use by requiring the use of water-efficient appliances in new and renovated buildings and encouraging the switch to drought-tolerant landscaping with native and low-water plant species and efficient landscape designs.

To increase water reuse within the community, the water and wastewater opportunity area includes incentives for installation of graywater systems and rain barrels, and recycled reuse for residential and commercial irrigation.

CO-BENEFITS

MEASURES
City of Buena Park Climate Action and Adaptation Plan | 69 | The City offers the WaterSmart program,
a free web portal and software system that
allows customers to monitor their daily water
usage. WaterSmart tracks water flow through
your meter and can alert you to excessive
or continuous flows, indicating potential
leaks. Customers can join using their water
account number to sign in at the program
website: https://buenapark.watersmart.com
W1 | Reduce Water Consumption
Low-flow water fixtures and drought-tolerant
landscaping will help reduce water consumption and
related GHG emissions. Low-flow and high-efficiency
water fixtures use less water than traditional fixtures, thereby reducing energy consumption and indirect GHG
emissions associated with sourcing and transporting
water. Similarly, water-efficient landscapes require less water than traditional landscaping, which lowers the
energy use and indirect GHG emissions associated with
sourcing and transporting water.

Native, water-efficient
landscaping supports
biodiversity and pollinators,
lowers utility costs for
residents and businesses,
and reduces pesticide and
fertilizer runoff, thereby
improving water quality.

Actions to Reduce Water Consumption
W1a. Adopt an ordinance requiring new buildings incorporate water-efficient appliances and technologies and drought-tolerant landscaping.

Buena Park City CouncilSeptember 23, 2025

Buena Park City Council
September 23, 2025