Carpinteria City Council
April 10, 2023

City of Carpinteria
City Council Regular Meeting Agenda
Monday, April 10, 2023
Council Chamber, 5775 Carpinteria Avenue
5:30 p.m. Regular Meeting
In-Person and Virtual Participation Options
Attendance/Viewing Options:
• Attend the in-person meeting in City Council Chambers at City Hall (5775 Carpinteria Ave.).
• View the meeting live through the City’s website https://carpinteriaca.gov/cityhall/agendas-meetings/) on your computer, tablet or smartphone. • View the meeting on Government Access Television Channel 21 (broadcast live and rebroadcast on the Wednesday and the Saturday following the meeting at 8:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m., respectively).
• Call 669-900-9128 (and enter Webinar ID 889 0390 2262) to listen to the meeting on your phone.
• Join the City’s Zoom webinar from your computer, tablet, or smartphone by CLICKING HERE. Alternatively, you can join the Zoom webinar by logging on to www.zoom.us, downloading the application, selecting "Join Meeting", and entering Webinar ID 889 0390 2262.

Public Comments
• Provide a live public comment during the in-person meeting in City Council Chambers at City Hall (5775 Carpinteria Ave.). Please note the City has the discretion to limit both the overall and individual speaker time for any meeting or agenda matter. Typically, the Council’s practice has been to limit each speaker to three minutes.
• Provide a live comment through the City’s Zoom webinar platform (through the link provided above). To make public comments through this platform please use the “raise your hand” feature to notify staff that you would like to make a public comment during designated public comment times. Once it is your turn to provide a public comment, staff will unmute your microphone and you will be given a designated amount of time to provide your comment (typically, the practice has been up to 3 minutes per speaker on each item). At the end of your comment, staff will once again mute your microphone.
• Submit a written comment (as either a general public comment or on a specific agenda item) to be distributed to Council Members by 12:00 P.M. on the day of the meeting by either submitting your comment via (1) email to [email protected], (PLEASE NOTE NEW PUBLIC COMMENT City Council Regular Meeting Agenda
April 10, 2023

EMAIL ADDRESS) or (2) the eComment link on the City's agenda website (https://carpinteriaca.gov/city-hall/agendas-meetings/). Please reference the agenda item to which your comment pertains. While written comments become part of the record, they will not be read aloud at the meeting.

Please note that the City will make every effort to make the meeting accessible virtually; however, if one of the above virtual attendance/viewing or public comment options is unavailable due to technological issues, you are invited to take advantage of one of the other participation options outlined above (including attending and providing public comment in-person in the City Council Chambers). Additional options may be made available at the meeting.

Also, please note that Spanish interpretation will be available at the in-person meeting and through the City’s Zoom webinar.

CALL TO ORDER

ROLL CALL

PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
COUNCILMEMBER(S) REQUEST FOR REMOTE PARTICIPATION UNDER AB 2449:

The City Council may consider Councilmember(s) request to participate in the meeting remotely under the regulations of AB 2449 by making the necessary findings and voting on whether the Councilmember(s) may participate remotely.

AGENDA MODIFICATIONS: The City Council may modify the regular agenda by tabling items, adding urgency items to the agenda, or changing the order in which items are considered. Changes to the Consent Calendar are considered at the time the Consent Calendar is considered.

INTRODUCTIONS, PROCLAMATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS:

1. Presentation of Community Partner/Business Award for 2021 to Two Trumpets.

2. Presentation of Community Partner/Business Award for 2022 to The Carpinteria Skate Foundation.

3. Proclamation Designating the Week of April 23 – 29, 2023, as “National Library Week.”

4. Presentation of 2023 Surf ‘n’ Suds Beer Festival by En Fuego Events.

TEMPORARY ADJOURNMENT FOR THE PURPOSE OF HOLDING THE MONTHLY

MEETING OF THE CARPINTERIA LIBRARY BOARD OF TRUSTEES
City Council Regular Meeting Agenda
April 10, 2023

RECONVENE THE REGULAR MEETING OF THE CITY COUNCIL

PUBLIC INFORMATION REPORTS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS
This may include updates on law enforcement activity within the City from a Sheriff’s Office representative.

CITY MANAGER’S REPORT
The City Manager will report to the City Council regarding various City and/or community events and/or matters of interest. There will be no City Council discussion except to ask questions or refer matters to staff; and no action will be taken unless listed on a subsequent agenda.
a. “Night Sky” Ordinance Memo
b. Introduction of New City Employee, Ruben Estrada
c. Planning Commission Actions

PUBLIC COMMENT ON MATTERS NOT ON THE AGENDA
This is a time for public comments on matters not otherwise on the agenda but within the subject matter jurisdiction of the City Council. The Public Comment period is limited to 15 minutes and divided among those persons desiring to speak. No person shall speak longer than three minutes; however, the Mayor may establish shorter periods based on the time available and/or the number of persons waiting to speak. Persons wishing to speak on a specific item will be recognized at the time the agenda item is considered.

The audio-visual system in the Council Chamber is not available for speaker use during the general Public Comment period.

The City and the City Council are not responsible for the content of statements made during the public comment period, or the factual accuracy of any such statements.

CONSENT CALENDAR: Items on the consent calendar are considered to be routine and are normally enacted by one unanimous vote of the Council. If you wish to speak on a consent calendar item please do so during the public comment period provided at the beginning of this item.

5. Approve the minutes of the regular meeting held March 27, 2023.

6. Receive and file the Expenditures for the period beginning March 18, 2023 and ending March 31, 2023.

City Council Regular Meeting Agenda
April 10, 2023

7. Adopt Resolution No. 6219, Commending and Congratulating Gregg and Geri Ann Carty Upon Being Named Carpinterians of the Year for 2022.

8. Adopt Resolution No. 6220, Commending and Congratulating Stephanie Ramirez Garcia Upon Being Named Junior Carpinterian of the Year for 2022.

9. Adopt Resolution No. 6222, Recognizing and Commending Kathy and Andy Sheaffer for Outstanding Volunteer Service to the Carpinteria Community.

10. Receive and file the Single Audit Report for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2022.

ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS:

11. Adoption of the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update and Amendment to the Safety Element of the City’s General Plan to incorporate by reference the City’s 2022 Hazard Mitigation Plan, pursuant to Government Code Sections 8685.9, and 65302.6.

Recommendation: Adopt Resolution No. 6221, adopting the 2022 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan as an annex to the Santa Barbara County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP) and approving an amendment to the General Plan Safety Element to incorporate by reference the City’s 2022 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, pursuant to Government Code Sections 8685.9, and 65302.6.

Staff Presenter: Olivia Uribe Mutal, Program Manager
a. Staff Report
b. Public Comment
c. City Council Determination

12. Resolution No. 6223, Adopting the Road Maintenance and Rehabilitation Account Fiscal Year 2023-24 Project List.

Recommendation: Adopt Resolution No. 6223, approving the Road Maintenance and Rehabilitation Account Fiscal Year 2023-24 Project List.

Staff Presenter: John L. Ilasin, Public Works Director
a. Staff Report
b. Public Comment
c. City Council Determination
PUBLIC HEARING:

City Council Regular Meeting Agenda
April 10, 2023

13. Adoption of Resolution No. 6218 (Attachment A) approving the 2023-2031 Housing Element of the Carpinteria General Plan as revised to address comments from the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) and other interested parties (General Plan Amendment No. 22-2157-GP).

Recommendation: Receive staff presentation and public testimony; find the proposed action is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3); and adopt Resolution No. 6218 approving the 2023-2031 Housing Element and directing the City Manager to submit the Housing Element to the California Department of Housing and Community Development for review.

Staff Presenter: Steve Goggia, Community Development Director a. Staff Report
b. Public Comment
c. City Council Determination

14. Ordinance No. 764, an Ordinance of the City Council, of the City of Carpinteria, California, Adding Chapter 8.30 of Title 8 (Health and Safety) of the City of Carpinteria Municipal Code Regarding a Prohibition of Fuel Gas Infrastructure in New Construction.

Recommendation: Approve Ordinance No. 764, as read by title only. (This item requires reading of ordinance title and a roll call vote.) Staff Presenter: Erin Maker, Environmental Program Manager a. Staff Report
b. Public Comment
c. City Council Determination

CONSIDERATION OF ANY ITEMS REMOVED FROM CONSENT CALENDAR

AND/OR OTHER AGENDA ITEMS REQUESTED TO BE ADVANCED
MATTERS CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS MEETINGS: NONE
OTHER BUSINESS:

15. Adopt Resolution Nos. 6224 and 6225, amending the Conditions of Employment for both Miscellaneous Unrepresented Employees and Management Personnel.

Recommendation: (1) Adopt Resolution No. 6224, amending the Conditions of Employment between the City of Carpinteria and Miscellaneous Unrepresented Personnel for the period of July 1, 2022 – June 30, 2023, and authorize the City City Council Regular Meeting Agenda
April 10, 2023

Manager to implement the changes effective April 10, 2023 and (2) Adopt Resolution No. 6225, amending the Conditions of Employment for the period of July 1, 2022 – June 30, 2023, between the City of Carpinteria and Management Personnel, and authorize the City Manager to implement the changes effective April 10, 2023.

Staff Presenter: Michael Ramirez, Assistant City Manager a. Staff Report
b. Public Comment
c. City Council Determination
LEGISLATIVE UPDATE: The City Council will discuss local, state and/or federal legislation under consideration and decide whether to direct staff to place a matter(s) on a future City Council agenda for consideration.

COMMITTEE REPORTS, INQUIRIES AND OTHER MATTERS PRESENTED BY

COUNCILMEMBERS
Informational reports from Councilmember representatives on the committees, commissions and organizations listed below. This is also an opportunity for Councilmembers to request information from staff or seek support from fellow Councilmembers for future agenda items.

1. Appointees to Other Government Agencies
a. Beach Erosion Authority for Clean Oceans and Nourishment (BEACON) (Solórzano/Alt. Clark)
b. California Joint Powers Insurance Authority (CJPIA) (Clark/Alt. Alarcon) c. Santa Barbara County Association of Governments (SBCAG)(Clark/Alt.

Nomura)
d. Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District (APCD)(Clark/Alt.

Nomura)
e. Central Coast Community Energy (3CE) (Nomura/Alt. Goleta) f. Santa Barbara Mosquito and Vector Management District (Joe Franken) g. Santa Barbara Metropolitan Transit District (Solórzano)

2. Regional Committees
a. Channel Counties Division, League of California Cities (Nomura/Alt.

Alarcon)
b. Santa Barbara Joint Affordable Housing Task Group (Alarcon & Solórzano) c. Santa Barbara County Elected Leaders Forum to Address Homelessness (Clark/Alt. Alarcon)
d. South Coast Youth Safety Partnership (Solórzano/Alt. Lee) City Council Regular Meeting Agenda
April 10, 2023

e. Multijurisdictional Solid Waste Task Group (Lee/Alt. Alarcon)

3. Joint and Standing Committees
a. City Council/Economic Vitality Committee (Alarcon & Lee) b. City Council/Public Safety Committee (Clark & Nomura) c. City Council/School Board Committee (Lee and Alarcon) d. City Council/Utilities Committee (Lee & Nomura)
e. City Council/First District Supervisor Committee (Lee & Solórzano) f. City Council Finance/Budget Committee (Alarcon & Clark) g. Transportation Committee (Lee & Clark)
h. Development Review Committee (Joint Committee membership from City Council, Planning Commission and Architectural Review Board) (CC: Clark & Nomura) (PC: To Be Selected by Planning Commission) (ARB: To Be Selected by Architectural Review Board)
i. General Plan and Coastal Plan Update Committee (Joint Committee membership from City Council and Planning Commission) (Lee & Clark) (PC: To Be Selected by Planning Commission)
j. Public Facility Site Acquisition/Development Committee (Clark & Nomura) k. City Council Boards, Commissions and Committees Interview Committee (Clark & Nomura/ Alt. Lee)

4. Ad Hoc Committees
a. COVID-19 Communications Committee (Nomura & Clark)
b. Harbor Seal Advisory Committee (Clark & Alarcon)
c. Senior Services Planning Committee (Lee & Solórzano) d. Civic/Youth Engagement Committee (Lee & Nomura)
e. City Council Housing Element Committee (Clark & Nomura)

5. Appointed Representatives to Area Boards & Committees a. Community Media Access Center (Gary Dobbins)
b. County Library Advisory Committee (Gail Marshall)

ATTENDANCE OF COUNCILMEMBERS FOR FUTURE MEETINGS

ADJOURNMENT
The next regular City Council meeting will be held April 24, 2023 at 5:30 p.m.

In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, if you need assistance to participate in this meeting, please contact the City Clerk's Office at 755-4403 or the California Relay Service at (866) 735-2929. Notification two business days prior to the City Council Regular Meeting Agenda
April 10, 2023

meeting will enable the City to make reasonable arrangements for accessibility to this meeting.

Materials related to an agenda item submitted to the City Council after distribution of the agenda packet are available for public review at the City Clerk's Office, located at 5775 Carpinteria Avenue, Carpinteria, CA 93013 or by going to the City’s website at https://carpinteriaca.gov/city-hall/agendas-meetings/.

This agenda was posted on Wednesday, April 5, 2023, in the City Clerk's Office, on the City Hall Public Notices Board, and on the Internet.

City of Caryinteria
Natalia. .'Alarcon, Yice-.Jvl.ayor
Waae 'T. Nomura, Counciimember
'Roy Lee, Councilmember
Monica J. Solorzano,
Counciimember
City of Caryinteria
Naiaiia . .'Aiarcon, Yice-:M.ayor
Wade 'T. Nomura, Councilrnember
j Roy Lee, Counciimember
:M.6nica J. Solorzano,
Councilmember

PROCLAMATION

A PROCLAMATION OF THE CITY

COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARPINTERIA
DESIGNATING THE WEEK OF APRIL 23-29,
2023, AS "NATIONAL LIBRARY WEEK"
WHEREAS, libraries provide the opportunity for everyone to pursue their passions and engage in lifelong learning, allowing them to live their best life; and WHEREAS, libraries have long served as trusted institutions for all members of the community regardless of race, ethnicity, creed, ability, sexual orientation, gender identity, or socio-economic status; and
WHEREAS, libraries strive to develop and maintain programs and collections that are as diverse as the populations they serve and ensure equity of access for all; and WHEREAS, libraries adapt to the ever-changing needs of their communities, continually expanding their collections, services, and partnerships; and WHEREAS, libraries play a critical role in the economic vitality of communities by providing internet and technology access, literacy skills, and support for job seekers; and WHEREAS, libraries are accessible and inclusive places that promote a sense of local connection, advancing understanding, civic engagement, and shared community goals; and
WHEREAS, libraries promote the free exchange of information and ideas for all; and
WHEREAS, library supporters and advocates across the nation will celebrate National Library Week.

NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Carpinteria hereby proclaims the week of April 23-29, 2023 as "National Library Week" in the City of Carpinteria and encourages all residents to get a library card and explore the wealth of resources available at the Carpinteria Community Library.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Mayor hereunto set their hand and caused the official seal of the City of Carpinteria, California to be affixed this 10th day of April, 2023.

Al Clark, Mayor
City of Carpinteria
ATTEST:

Brian C. Barrett, CMG, CPMC
City Clerk, City of Carpinteria

CARPINTERIA LIBRARY BOARD OF TRUSTEES
5775 Carpinteria Avenue
Carpinteria, CA 93013

REGULAR MEETING AGENDA
MONDAY, APRIL 10, 2023
5:30 P.M.

1. Call to order and roll call.

2. Confirmation of legal noticing and procedural requirements of meeting.

3. Public Comment – This is the time for public comments on matters not otherwise on the agenda but within the subject matter of the Carpinteria Library Board of Trustees.

4. Approval of minutes of the regular meeting held March 13, 2023.

5. April 2023 Community Library Update.

6. New Business & Discussion.

7. Adjournment.

The Carpinteria Library Board of Trustees agenda and any associated staff reports will be available on Thursday, April 6, 2023 on the City’s Website:
https://carpinteriaca.gov/city-hall/agendas-meetings/. The Carpinteria Library Board of Trustees agenda and staff reports are part of the City Council agenda for its regular meeting of April 10, 2023. Please see “TEMPORARY ADJOURNMENT FOR THE

PURPOSE OF HOLDING THE MONTHLY MEETING OF THE CARPINTERIA LIBRARY BOARD OF TRUSTEES.” Details and procedures on how to provide public comment and participate in the meeting through telephonic means are available on the posted City Council agenda at https://carpinteriaca.gov/city-hall/agendas-meetings/.

In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, if you need assistance to participate in this meeting, please contact Brian Barrett, City Clerk at [email protected] or (805) 755-4403. Notification two business days prior to the meeting will enable the City to make reasonable arrangements for accessibility to this meeting. This agenda was posted on Wednesday, April 5, 2023, in the City Clerk’s Office, on the City Hall Public Notices Board, and on the Internet.

CARPINTERIA LIBRARY BOARD OF TRUSTEES
5775 Carpinteria Avenue
Carpinteria, CA 93013

REGULAR MEETING MINUTES
MONDAY, MARCH 13, 2023

1. Call to order and roll call.

President Clark called the meeting to order at 5:48 pm.

Boardmembers present: Boardmember Roy Lee
Boardmember Wade T. Nomura
Boardmember Mónica J. Solórzano
Vice President Natalia Alarcon
President Al Clark
Staff members present: Dave Durflinger, Chief Executive Officer Brian C. Barrett, Secretary
Jody Thomas, City Librarian

2. Confirmation of legal noticing and procedural requirements of meeting.

Secretary Barrett acknowledged that all legal noticing and procedural requirements have been met.

3. Public Comment
There was no public comment.

4. Approval of minutes of the regular meeting held February 13, 2023.

Motion by Boardmember Lee, seconded by Boardmember Nomura, to approve the minutes of the regular meeting held February 13, 2023. The roll call vote was as follows:

AYES: Boardmember Lee, Boardmember Nomura, Boardmember Solórzano, Vice President Alarcon, and President Clark
NOES: None
ABSENT: None
ABSTAIN: None
The motion carried unanimously.

Library Board of Trustees Regular Meeting Minutes
March 13, 2023

5. Update on the Library.

City Librarian Thomas presented the staff report.

There was no public comment.

The report was received and filed.

6. Extension of the Term of the Library Advisory Commission members.

Recommendation: Extend the term of the Library Advisory Commission members from July 25, 2024 to January 31, 2025 to coincide with the biennial appointments to the City’s Boards, Commissions and Committees.

City Librarian Thomas presented the staff report.

There was no public comment.

Motion by Boardmember Solórzano, seconded by Boardmember Nomura, to extend the term of the Library Advisory Commission members from July 25, 2024 to January 31, 2025 to coincide with the biennial appointments to the City’s Boards, Commission and Committees. The roll call vote was as follows:

AYES: Boardmember Lee, Boardmember Nomura, Boardmember Solórzano, Vice President Alarcon, and President Clark
NOES: None
ABSENT: None
ABSTAIN: None
The motion carried unanimously.

7. Adoption, by minute order, of a Code of Conduct Policy for the Carpinteria Community Library recommended by the Library Advisory Commission.

Recommendation: Adoption, by minute order, of a Code of Conduct Policy for the Carpinteria Community Library recommended by the Library Advisory Commission, to be effective March 15, 2023.

City Librarian Thomas presented the staff report.

There was no public comment.

Motion by Vice President Alarcon, seconded by Boardmember Solórzano, to adopt by minute order, the Code of Conduct Policy for the Community Library, recommended by Library Board of Trustees Regular Meeting Minutes
March 13, 2023

the Library Advisory Commission, to be effective March 15, 2023. The roll call vote was as follows:

AYES: Boardmember Lee, Boardmember Nomura, Boardmember Solórzano, Vice President Alarcon, and President Clark
NOES: None
ABSENT: None
ABSTAIN: None
The motion carried unanimously.

8. New Business & Discussion.

There was no new business nor discussion.

9. Adjournment.

President Clark adjourned the meeting at 6:01 p.m.
________________________________
Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC, Secretary
City of Carpinteria
LreRAnv Bonno or Tnusrees Aceruol Srarr Reponr
April 10,2023

ITEM FOR LIBRARY BOARD OF TRUSTEES CONSIDERATION
April 2023 Community Library Update.

STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Receive and file the report.

Sample Motion: I move to receive and file the Community Library report.

BACKGROUND
The Carpinteria Community Library, established by Ordinance 747 June 14,2021, and added to the Municipal Code, Chapter 2.38, also established a Library Board of Trustees (section 2.38.030) to meet at least once a month.

DISCUSSION
Library staffer, Jena Jenkins, was honored at Girls, lnc. as one of two women recognized as a Woman of Inspiration for 2023. Jena primarily creates and offers programs for adults and children at the library.

The City has made an offer to a candidate for the Library Tech position, which has been accepted. We are excited to have a new staff person join the team.

The Carpinteria Community Library sign has been installed The Vets Hall and Library plumbing has had a series of issues through the winter months, causing restroom closures several times. The Public Works team is trying to identify the issue(s) and a change in paper products is in process.

The Library statf is trying out an electric tricycle this month to see if it will work for outreach events and to launch a doorstep delivery program to get materials into the LBOT Agenda
April 10,2023
Page2
hands of those who are unable to get to the library. This is a partnership with SBCAG and the Sustainability Program for the City of Carpinteria.

The Library has a poster exhibit in the Community Room through the month of April.

The topic is the ERA or Equal Rights Amendment. A reception will be held on Sunday, April 23.

MTD will be at the Library on Tuesday, April 18 to gather input from the community regarding bus ridership. They are hoping for information abouts needs and wants ior public transportation in this community.

The local writers' group hosted an open mic night at the library with about 30 attendees. writers' read their own work with about 1g participants.

Library staff provided content for the Senior Social last month, on two separate occasions. Programs included Mind Games, to promote neuroplasticity, as well as an overview of all the free resources and options for Seniors (and others) available with a library card.

The Library has plans to partner with the Community Garden to start a seed library.

We are in the initial stages of this project, with plans to have clear guidelines and processes in place later in the year.

Library Advisory Commission meets monthly on the second Thursday of each month. (see Attachment A).

Library stats for March 2023. (Attachment C)

POLICY CONSISTENCY
The Library programs and resources are consistent with Resolution 5686 (Attachment B), adopted July 25,2016 regarding environmentally preferable purchasing of products that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the actions of the City Councilioncerning the establishment of a municipal library.

FI NANCIAL CONS I DE RATIONS
There are no financial considerations at this time. The plumbing resolution is yet to be determined. The e-trike is on loan for the month of April.

LEGAL AND RISK MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
As determined necessary and appropriate, staff consults with the City Attorney's Office and risk managers of its insurance entity, the California Joint Powers lnsurance Authority, in order to ensure compliance with legal requirements and best practices.

L:\Staff Reports\Staff Report for BOT April 2023.docx
LBOT Agenda
April 10,2023

OPTIONS

1. Receive and file.

2. Direct staff as appropriate.

PRINCIPAL PARTIES EXPECTED AT MEETING
No principal parties expected to attend

ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A - Library Advisory Commission memo
Attachment B - Resolution 5686
Attachment C - Library stats for March 2023
Staff contact: Jody Thomas, City Librarian
(805) 684-431 4, [email protected]
Staff contact: Matt Roberts, Director of Parks,
Recreation, and Public Facilities
(805) 7 55-4449, mattr@carpi nteriaca.qov
Reviewed by: Dave Durflinger, City Manager
(805) 7 55-4400, daved@carpinteriaca. gov
&/a.noz-'
Signature
L:\Staff Reoorts\Staff for BOT Anril 2O23 clocx

ATTACHMENT A

MEMORANDUM
Date: April 10,2023
To: Carpinteria Community Library Board of Trustees
From: Jody Thomas, City Librarian
Subject: Library Advisory Commission actions for March 2023

1. Ad Hoc committee formed to determine concrete steps for Community Assessment with a goal of completing the Assessment by July 31,2023

ATTACHMENT B
RESOLUTION NO. 5686

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF

CARPINTERIA ADOPTING AN ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE

PURCHASING POLICY
WHEREAS, the City of Carpinteria continually works to develop programs that are consistent with the ideals of efficient resource allocation, environmental consciousness and economic development, including efforts to improve access to recreation and education opportunities and governmental support and services; and WHEREAS, landfill capacity is an increasingly scarce resource in California and throughout the nation, and it is difficult and costly to site new landfill; and WHEREAS, the City participates in and promotes recycling and other waste diversion and reduction strategies to conserve valuable resources and to significantly reduce the volume of materialdisposed of.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE lT RESOLVED as follows

1.0 STATEMENT OF POLICY
1 .1 lt is the policy of the City of Carpinteria (City) to reduce natural resource consumption, waste production and environmental degradation by:
. Eliminating unnecessarypurchasing;
. lncreasing product efficiency, durabili$, reusability, and effectiveness; o Purchasing products that are designed for recycling at end of life; o Purchasing products that include recycled content;
o Purchasing products that conserve energy, water and other natural resources; . Purchasing products that reduce greenhouse gas emissions in their production, shipping, use and discard;
o ldentifying preferential products and standardizing their use; and . Considering life cycle costs when making purchases for the City, such as vehicles, computers, and workstations

2.O PURPOSE

2.1 This Policy is adopted in order to:
. Conserve natural resources;
o Minimize environmental impacts, toxics, pollution, and hazards to worker and community safety;
o Encourage waste stream diversion and reduce materials that are landfilled; o ldentify environmentally preferable products and distribution systems; and Resolution No, 5686
July 25, 2016

o lncrease use and availability of environmentally preferable products;

3.0 RESPONSIBILITIES

3.1 The health and safety of workers and citizens is of utmost importance and takes precedence over all other practices.

3.2 Nothing contained in this policy shall be construed as requiring a department, purchaser or contractor to procure products that do not p'erforir adequately for their intended use, exclude adequate competition, risk the health or safety'of workers and citizens, or are not available at a reasonable price in a reasonable period of time.

3.3 Nothing contained in this policy shall be construed as requiring a department, purchaser, or contractor to take any action that conflicts wittr 6cal, siate or federal requirements.

4.0 STRATEGIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 Source Reduction

4.1.1 Purchase products that are durable, long lasting, reusable or refillable and avoid purchasing one-time use or disposable products.

4.1'2 Purchase remanufactured products such as toner cartridges, tires, furniture, equipment and automotive parts.

4.1'3 Purchase items in bulk to reduce the packaging and transportation associated with lower product quantities

4.1.4 Request vendors eliminate packaging or use the minimum amount necessary for product protection, to the greatest extent practical. For vendors that cannot eliminate packaging request to use packaging that is reusable, recyclable or compostable in existing recycling programs.

4.1.5 Request vendors to take back and reuse pallets, expanded polystyrene and other shipping and packaging materials that cannot be eliminaied.

4.1.6 Promote electronic distribution of documents rather than printing or copying.
4'1.7 Consolidate the use of electronic equipment and minimize the purchase of individual printers for staff members. When producing paper documents, print and copy all documents on both sides to reduce the use and purchase of'paper.

Resolution No. 5686
July 25, 2016

4.1.8 Ensure all imaging equipment is installed with energy and resourceefficient settings set as default.

4.1.9 Purchase cleaning products in concentrated form when available.

4.1.10 Eliminate the purchase of water in plastic bottles for individual use within City buildings and operations.

4.2 Recycled Content Products

4.2.1 Purchase products for which the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) has established minimum recycled content standard guidelines, such as those for printing paper, office paper, janitorial paper, construction, landscaping, parks and recreation, transportation, vehicles, miscellaneous, and non-paper office products, that contain the highest postconsumer content available.

4.2.2 When specifying asphalt, concrete, aggregate base or Portland cement concrete for road construction projects, prioritize use of recycled, reusable or reground materials.

4.2.3 Purchase multi-function devices, copiers and printers compatible with the use of recycled content and remanufactured products.

4.2.4 Ensure pre-printed recycled content papers intended for distribution that are purchased or produced contain a statement that the paper is recycled content and indicate the percentage of post-consumer recycled content.

4.3 Energy Efficient and Water Saving Products

4.3.1 Purchase energy-efficient equipment with the most up-to-date, economically feasible, and proven energy efficiency functions. This includes, but is not limited to, high efficiency space heating systems and high efficiency space cooling equipment.

4.3.2 Purchase U. S. EPA Energy Star certified products when available

4.3.3 Replace inefficient interior lighting with energy-efficient equipment.

4.3.4 Replace inefficient exterior lighting, street lighting and traffic signal lights with energy-efficient equipment. Minimize exterior lighting where possible to avoid unnecessary lighting of architectural and landscape features while providing adequate illumination for safety and accessibility.

4.3.5 Purchase U.S. EPA WaterSense labeled water-saving products when Resolution No. 5686
July 25,2016

available. This includes, but is not limited to, high-performance fixtures like toilets, low-flow faucets and aerators, and upgraded irrigation systems.

4.4 Green Building Products and Practices
4'4.1 Consider Green Building practices for design, construction, and operation as described in the LEED Rating Systems for all building and renovations undertaken by the City.

4.5 Landscaping Products and Practices

4.5.1 Employ sustainable landscape management techniques for design, construction and maintenance whenever possible for landscape renovalions, construction and maintenance performed by the City.
4'5.2 Select plants to minimize waste by choosing species for purchase that are appropriate to the microclimate, species that can grow to their natural size in the space allotted them, and perennials rather than annuals for color when advantageous. Native and drought-tolerant plants that require no or minimat watering once established are preferred. At no time will exotic-invasive plants or noxious weeds be purchased.

4.5.3 consider recycled content for the construction of hardscapes and landscape structures.

4.5.4 Limit the amount of impervious surfaces in the landscape. Permeable substitutes, such as permeable asphalt or pavers, are encouraged for walkways, patios and driveways. Permeable substitutes, such as decomposed granite, permeable asphalt or non-mortared pavers, are encouraged for walkways, plazas and access areas.
4'5.5 Purchase recycled content park supplies, such as benches, picnic tables, landscaping materials, and garbage and recycling containers, as practicable.

Hardscapes and landscape structures constructed of recycled content materials are strongly encouraged.

4.6 Toxics and Pollution Prevention products and practices

4.6:1 Use products with the lowest amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), highest recycled content, low or no formaldehyde and no halogenated organic flame retardants when purchasing building maintenance materials such as paint, carpeting, adhesives, furniture and casework, and prohibit the purchase of products that use polyvinyl chloride (PVC) such as, but not limited to, office binders, furniture and flooring.

Resolution No. 5686
July 25, 2016

6.0 PROGRAM EVALUATION

6.1 When the City optimizes existing software, the Finance Division shall periodically prepare reports summarizing the results of implementing this policy, The report shall include but not be limited to City purchases by product type, quantity and cost of products.

6.2 The Environmental Programs Manager shall periodically evaluate the success of this policy's implementation.

7.O DEFINITIONS
"Buyer" means anyone authorized to purchase or contract for purchases on behalf of this jurisdiction or its subdivisions.
"Contractor" means any person, group of persons, business, consultant, designing architect, association, partnership, corporation, supplier, vendor or other entity that has a contract with the City or serves in a subcontracting capacity with an entity having a contract with the City for the provision of goods or services. "Ecologo" is a third-party, multi-attribute eco-labeling program founded by the Canadian government in 1988 and part of UL Environment since 2010. The Program compares products / services with others in the same category, develops rigorous and scientifically relevant criteria, and awards the EcoLogo to those that are environmentally preferable throughout their entire lifecycle.
"Energy Star" means the U.S. EPA's energy efficiency product labeling program. "LEED Rating System" means the most recent version of the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Rating System, approved by the U.S. Green Building Council, and designed for rating new and existing commercial, institutional, and residential buildings.
"Practical" and "Practicable" mean whenever possible and compatible with local, state and federal law, without reducing safety, quality, or effectiveness and where the product or service is available at a reasonable cost in a reasonable period of time "Remanufactured Product" means any product diverted from the supply of discarded materials by refurbishing and marketing said product without substantial change to its originalform.
"source Reduction" refers to products that result in a net reduction in the generation of waste compared to their previous or alternate version and includes durable, reusable and remanufactured products; products with no, or reduced, toxic constituents; and products marketed with no, or reduced, packaging.

Resolution No. 5686
July 25,2016

4'6'2 When making a choice among comparable products, favor those products whose production and use involve the fewest hazardous materials.

4.6.3 Manage pest problems through the lntegrated Pest Management program, which includes prevention and physical, mechinicaland biologicil controls when staff and contractors maintain buildings and landscapes using-the least toxic pest control as a last resort.
4-6-4 Reduce the use of disposable batteries by purchasing rechargeable batteries for devices, such as cameras, remote control, tapjrecorde'rs, telephone headsets, wireless keyboards and mice and other equipment.

4.6'5 Purchase paper, paper products, and janitorial paper products that are unbleached or are processed without chlorine or chlorine deiivatives.

4.6.6 When replacing vehicles, consider less-polluting alternatives to diesel such as compres.sed naturalgas, bio-based fuels, hyb-rids, electric batteries, and fuel cells, as available.

4.7 Local Products Guiding principles

4.7.1 Favor products that are extracted, processed and manufactured locally, whenever practicable.

5.0 IMPLEMENTATION

5.1 Each department will take steps to communicate and train their employees who make purchases on behalf of the City to purchase environmentally preierable products and services whenever practical and cost-effective. Depirtments are encouraged to communicate information to other departments when a product is identified as being availabre for use consistent with this policy.

5.2 Any request for proposal (RFP) or bid for services requested by the C1y shall include a standard statement that the City has implementec an Environrnental Purchasing Policy and that the City encourages other businesses to adhere to similar principles. lt shallfurther be requested that submitted proposals, quotes, or bids be printed two-sided on recycled content paper. Any consultants or contractors producing reports for the City will submit the report on postconsumer recycled and recyclable paper. 5'3 The Environmental Coordinator shall implement this policy in coordination with other appropriate City personnel.

Resolution No. 5686
July 25, 2016

"U.S. EPA Guidelines" means the Comprehensive Procurement Guidelines established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for federal agency purchases as of October 2007 and any subsequent versions adopted.
"WaterSense" means a partnership program by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. lndependent, third-party licensed certifying bodies certify that products meet EPA criteria for water efficiency and performance by following testing and certification protocols specific to each product category. Products that are certified to meet EPA specifications are allowed to bear the WaterSense label. pAssED, AppRovED AND ADoprED "r :tl3jg , zolL,by the followins vote:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBER(S): clark, Nomura, Stein, Shaw, carty NOES: COUNCILMEMBER(S): None
ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBER(S): None
ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBER(S): None
(i.

Mayor, City of Carpinteria
ATTEST:

City lerk, City of Carpinteria
l-fergby certify that the foregoing resolution wqgadopted ?t q regular meeting of the City Councit of the City of Carpinteria held on dq\ZUrnli- . - ---
Resolution No. 5686
July 25, 2016
Page I

APPROVED AS TO FORM
City , City of Carpinteria
friW,au*
Peter Brown, on behalf of Brownstein
Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLp acting as
City Attorney of the Cig of Carpihteria

ATTACHMENT C
March 2023
27 Days Open
4,999 Library Visitors
129 New library cards issued (new patrons)
143 Library items added to the collection
Library Programs
. 22Programs (3 in Spanish)
. 43 sessions
o 5L2 attendees
Public Computer Usage
r 3 desktop computers
o 248 sessions
o 5.G7 hours per day (Avg)
. L53 hours
Public WiFi Usage
. 1526 sessions I Z.ASY"
o 6t4 unique visitors f 6.6o/o
o 1395 total visits f LZAN
Volunteers
r 111.5 hours
o 6 Adults
o 8 Teenagers

MEMORANDUM
April 5,2023
City Gouncil
City Manager
Steve Goggia, Gommunity Development Director
Night-Sky Friendly Lighting Policies & Regulations
Date:

To:

Cc:

From:

Subject:

At the meeting of March 27,2023, the City Council proclaimed the week of April 15-22,2023 as "INTERNATIONAL DARK SKY WEEK", urging all residents to learn about night-sky friendly lighting, implement practices and improvements that will reduce light pollution, and look up and experience the wonder of the star-filled night. In response to the Proclamation and public comment, the Mayor requested that staff look into initiation of a night-sky ordinance. This memorandum provides background information and analysis on current City night-sky policies, regulations and procedures.

We conclude that while there remains a place for updated lighting policies and regulations, the City's current policies, regulations, guidelines and practices are adequate to ensure night-sky friendly lighting is implemented through development permitting processes. The process undenruay to comprehensively update the City's General Plan/Local Coastal Plan and Zoning code represent opportunities to reevaluate night-sky friendly lighting policies and regulations.

BACKGROUND
The City's General Plan / Coastal Land Use Plan ("GP/CLUP') puts forth various policies to address night sky light pollution. There are general citywide lighting policies, but also specific policies relating to neighborhood subareas, commercial areas and environmentally sensitive habitats. There are also implementing regulations in the City's Municipal Code and Creeks Preservation Program concerning lighting that apply only to particular zone districts, types of development and/or defined geographical areas (e.9., adjacent or within creek corridors).

Administratively, staff defines night-sky friendly lighting as being fully shielded, of low intensity, low glare design, minimum height, and hooded to direct light downward, thereby preventing spill-over onto adjacent parcels or sensitive areas.

The Community Development Department implements these policies and regulations through the development review process (Planning Permit review and Building Permit review). Applicants are advised early in the process to select night-sky friendly fixtures Night-Sky Friendly Lighting Poticies
Page2
and to include lighting details and fixture specifications in their plan submittals. Larger projects may be required to also submit a photometric plan to show the lighting intJnsity and spillover throughout a project site and adjoining areas. As part of the deve-lopmentreview process, staff and the Architectural Review Board ("ARd") evaluate exterior lighting and provide feedback or direction, where needed, to achieve compliance with the applicable lighting policies and regulations. Approved projects are conditioned to require that the final lighting plan and selected exterior fixtures be compliant with the City's night-sky friendly policies and regulations, and with what is shown on the approved plans.

For projects that do not require a land use permit from the Planning Department and only need a Building Permit, such as a small residential remodel, the pianning Department still reviews exterior lighting as part of the building permit plan check process with Building & Safety for compliance with lighting requirements.

The Community Development Department conducts inspections at the time of project completion to ensure the lighting is compliant with the approved plans. Separaiety, tne Code Compliance Department investigates noncompliani lignting identified in the community and can seek corrective action from property ownerJwhere it is determined a violation exists.

The following are the policies and regulations pertaining to exterior lighting as well as an example project condition of approval.

CITY POLICIES ON EXTERIOR LIGHTING
GP/CLUP Community Design Element policies
Objective CD-13: Ensure that lighting of new development is sensitive to the character and natural resources of the City and minimizes photopollution to the maximum extent feasible.

Policy CD-13a: Lighting for development adjacent to an ESHA shall be designed to further minimize potential impacts to habitat.

Policy CD-13b: Lighting shall be low intensity and located and designed so as to minimize direct view of light sources and diffusers and to minimize halo and spillover effects.

CD-13-lmplementation Policy 4: Lighting along roads and in developed areas within or adjacent to ESHA shall not exceed 0.01 foot-candles five feet inside of any Cityidentified ESHA area.

CD-13-lmplementation Policy 5: Spotlights or floodlights in or adjacent to ESHA shall not be permitted.

CD-13-lmplementation Policy 6: Exterior lighting on commercial development shall be designed to complement the building and shall be at the minimum height and intensity required to ensure public safety.
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Night-Sky Friendly Lighting Policies

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Policy OSG-I3j: Establish a "night-sky" ordinance that provides standards for the reduction of direct and ambient light in the night sky.

Bluffs Specific Policies
Policy CDS6-e: Exterior and interior lighting of development projects shall be low intensity and located and designed so as to minimize direct view of light sources and diffusers, and to minimize halo and spillover etfects.

CDS6-|mplementation Policy 85: Lighting on the east-west coastal bluff trail shall be minimized to be less than 0.01 foot-candles at a distance of five feet from the trail; otherwise, trail lighting shall not be permitted.

CDS6-Implementation Policy 86: Lighting along exterior roads in the developed areas of the Carpinteria Bluffs shall be directional in nature, and shall not exceed 0.01 footcandles five feet inside of preserved natural areas.

CDS6-|mplementation Policy 87: Spotlights or floodlights in residential backyards shall not be permitted.

CDS6-|mplementation Policy 88. Parking areas shall employ directional lighting and shall not be brighter than necessary for security purposes. Similarly, all ancillary structures associated with the hotel/resort shall use directional lighting that is only as bright as required for security purposes. lf necessary to block light into adjacent residential or open space areas, additional landscaping or restrictions on the time of use shall be required.

CDS6-lmplementation Policy 89: Development shall incorporate awnings or other types of architectural overhangs in order to reduce glare from window glazing and interior lighting.

Subarea Neighborhood Design Guidelines
Subarea 1 - Beach Neiqhborhood
DG 36: Outdoor lighting should include:
o Fully shielded fixtures positioned so that light is not visible above the horizontal plane of the fixture;
o Motion sensor and timers to keep lights off when not in use; o Energy efficient light types with low watts and lumens; o Fewest number of fixtures possible at minimum heights necessary; and o Cutoffs for fixtures to prevent spillover onto neighboring properties. o
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Subarea 5 - Concha Loma Neiohborhood
DG 29: Outdoor lighting should be low intensity and designed to minimize direct view of light sources.

DG 30: Outdoor lighting should include:
o Fully shielded fixtures positioned so that light is not visible above the horizontal plane of the fixture;
o Motion sensors and timers to keep lights off when not in use; a
Night-Sky Friendly Lighting Poticies

o Energy efficient light types with low watts and lumens; o Fewest number of fixtures possible at minimum height necessary; and o Cutoffs for lighting fixtures that minimize glare to prevent spillover onto neighboring properties.

CITY REGULATIONS ON EXTERIOR LIGHTING
Carpinteria Municipal Gode Regulations
Title 14, Zoning, of the Carpinteria Municipal Code ("CMC') includes specific lighting standards for individual zone districts, for certain types of development and for piojects riquiring specific permit types (e.9., Development Plan, etc.). Relevant regulations applicable to exteri6r lighting are summarized below.
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Ch. 14.26, M-RP- lndustrial/Research park District
. 14.26.025, Uses permitted by right.
o (2Xg). Lighting. The facility shall include appropriate lighting for security and safety. such lighting shall be installed prior to occupancy. . 14.26.110, Other district requirements.
o No beam of exterior lighting used for the purpose of illuminating buildings or structures shall be directed toward adjacent residential areas without intermediate obstruction.

Cn. 14.28, M- General lndustry District
. 14.28.120, Other district requirements.
o (4). No offensive odors or fumes, noxious gases, heat glare or radiation generated by or resulting from any use, other than motor vehicles or lighting fixtures, operated on any lot shall be detectable at any point along the boundary of or outside of the lot upon which such use is located. o (6). No beam of exterior lighting used for the purpose of illuminating buildings or structures shall be directed toward adjacent residential areas without intermediate obstruction.

Ch. 14.32, A- Agriculture District
. 14.32.070, Setbacks.
o (5). Lighting. All exterior and interior lighting shall be hooded with permanently affixed shielding so that no unobstructed beam of lighting shall be directed off the premises.

Ch. 14.36, UT- Public Utilities District
, 14.36.080, General requirements.
o (4) No offensive odors or fumes, noxious gases, heat, glare, or radiation generated by or resulting from any use, other than motor vehicles or lighting fixtures, operated on any lot shall be detectable at any point along the boundary of or outside of the lot upon which such use is located. o (6). No beam of exterior lighting used for the purpose of illuminating buildings or structures shall be directed toward adjacent residential areas without intermediate obstruction.

Ch. 14.43, Ellinwood Parcel (APN 004-013-026) Overtay District a Night-Sky Friendly Lighting Policies

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. 14.43.030, Development standards.
o (2).Exterior night lighting shall be of low intensity, low glare design, minimum height, and shall be hooded to direct light downward onto the subject parcel and prevent spillover onto any environmentally sensitive areas, wetland areas (including the existing retention basin/drainage pond), and adjacent parcels. A lighting plan incorporating these requirements and provisions for dimming lights afterten p.m. shall be provided prior to any development on the site.

Ch. 14.54, Parking Regulations
. 14.54.070, Size, location and design of parking spaces. o (3Xg).All parking areas shall be adequately lighted. Such lighting shall be so arranged as to direct the light away from adjoining residences.

Ch. 14.58, Sign Regulations
. 14.58.050, Prohibited signs.
o (2).Open and/or unshielded light bulb signs.

Ch. 14.59, Personal Use and Commercial Cannabis Regulations . 14.59.060, Personal use cannabis cultivation provisions. o (CX1).As viewed from a public place, there shall be no exterior evidence of cultivation occurring on the premises, including but not limited to, any cannabis plants, equipment used in the growing and cultivation of cannabis, and any light emanating from cultivation-related lighting.
. 14.59.190, Public visibility and signage.
o (A). From a public right-of-way, there should be no exterior evidence of a commercial cannabis business except for any signage authorized by this Chapter. Commercial cannabis activities shall not create offensive or excessive odors, dust, heat, noise, light, glare, smoke, tratfic, or hazards due to the use or storage of materials, processes, products, or wastes, or other unreasonable impacts to people of normal sensitivity living, working, or laMully present in the vicinity of the commercial cannabis business.
. 14.59.210, Outdoor lighting.

Outdoor lighting associated with commercial cannabis activities shall comply with the following lighting standards in addition to any lighting requirements of the base zoning district:
o Outdoor lighting necessary for security must consist solely of motionsensor lights. o Any outdoor lighting used for the illumination of parking areas, walkways, and/or loading areas, or for security, must be fully shielded, directed downward, and dark sky compliant.
o A lighting plan demonstrating compliance with these requirements shall be submitted to the community development director for review and approval prior to issuance of any permits for construction. Ongoing compliance throughout operation of the commercial cannabis business shall be required thereafter.

O Ch. 14.64, Temporary Use Permit
Night-Sky Friendly Lighting Poticies

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. 14.64.070, Conditions.
o (7). Control of lights, noise, odor, vibration, or other nuisances.

Ch. 14.68, Development Plan
. 14.68.030, Processing.
o (1)(l). The on-site illumination plan emphasizing access, walkways, buildings, parking, landscaping, and signs; illumination intensity shall be subject to planning commission approval after on-site inspection; o (1)(n). Measures to be used to prevent or reduce nuisance effects, such as noise, dust, odor, smoke, fumes, vibration, glare, traffic congestion, and to prevent danger to life and property;
ln addition, Chapter 2.36, Architectural Review Board, of Title 2, Administration and personnel, outlines the purpose, jurisdiction, and duties of the City's ARB, and the architectural review standards to be used by the ARB in the review of projects. Chapter 2.36 includes the following relevant standards related to project lighting.

2.36.070, Elements of design consideration.

The elements of design consideration shall include but not necessarily be limited to the exterior appearance of buildings, structures, signs, lighting, street furniture, landscape planting, site development and other outdoor appurtenances.

2.36.080, Architectural review standards.

The architectural review board shall objectively review all projects submitted to determine whether the buildings, structures, landscaping, screening, signs and lighting are appropriate. Such determination shall be based upon the following standards:
' (G). Site layout, orientation and location of structures, buildings and signs in an appropriate and well-designed relationship to one another with consideration given to open spaces, topography, definition of pedestrian and vehicular areas, and exterior building lighting;
' (K). Design of signs and lighting and other advertising media should harmonize with and be subordinate to the building it serves;
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Greeks Preseruation Program Regulations
The City's Creeks Preservation Program is the implementation program for the creek resource protection policies proscribed in the City's General Plan/Coastal Land Use plan. The Creeks Preservation Program includes the following regulations applicable to project lighting in or near creek resources within the City.
lmplementation Measure 2.4.5 (excerpted)
o Exterior lighting (except traffic lights, navigational lights, and other similar safety lighting) shall be minimized, restricted to low intensity features, shielded, and directeO away trom creek ESHA to minimize impacts to wildlife. Permitted lighting shall conform to the following standards:
' The minimum necessary to light walkways used for entry and exit to the structure, including parking areas on the site. This lighting shall be limited to NightSky Friendly Lighting Policies

fixtures that do not exceed 60 watts, or the equivalent, unless a higher wattage is authorized by the Community Development Director.

Security lighting attached to the residence that is controlled by motion detectors and is limited to 60 watts, or the equivalent.

The minimum lighting necessary for safe vehicular use of the driveway. The lighting shall be limited to 60 watts, or the equivalent.

A light, not to exceed 60 watts or the equivalent, at the entrance to any nonresidential accessory structures.

No lighting around the perimeter of the site, no lighting for sports courts or other private recreationalfacilities and no lighting for aesthetic purposes is allowed.

PROJECT CONDITION OF APPROVAL EXAMPLE
The following is an example of the standard condition pertaining to exterior lighting. The condition is customized for each project to address any site- or project- specific factors such as proximity to sensitive habitat.
"Any exterior nigh lighting installed on the project shall be of low intensity, low glare design, minimum height and shall be hooded to direct light downward onto the subject parcel and prevent spill-over onto adjacent parcels. Plan Requirements: A lighting plan/photometric plan would be required. lt shall be reviewed and approved by the Community Development Department with input from the Architectural Review Board. Monitoring: The Architectural Review Board shall review the lighting plan for compliance with this measure prior to approval of a building permit. Building lnspector/CDD staff shall inspect structures upon completion to ensure that exterior lighting fixtures have been installed consistent with their depiction on the final Lighting Plan."

CONCLUSION
As properties are developed, re-developed or remodeled, the City's suite of exterior lighting policies, regulations and guidelines will continue to be employed to ensure that project lighting does not pose nuisance impacts to adjoining areas, negatively affect sensitive habitat areas, and/or detract from the visual quality of Carpinteria's night skies. Staff believes the existing lighting measures, review processes and enforcemenVmonitoring practices have been successful at preserving and enhancing night-sky conditions in the City. With new- or redevelopment comes added demand for exterior lighting but also opportunities to correct and/or improve upon older non-compliant lighting. Staff and the ARB will continue to use the lighting standards of the City's GP/CLUP and its implementation programs to ensure that project lighting associated with development is designed and implemented with the City's night-sky friendly lighting practices in mind. Future updates of the GP/CLUP and Zoning regulations will represent opportunities to update the City's night-sky friendly policies and regulations.

City of Carpinteria
City Council Minutes
Regular Meeting
Monday, March 27, 2023
In-Person and Virtual

CALL TO ORDER
Mayor Clark called the meeting to order at 4:30 pm.

ROLL CALL
Councilmembers present: Councilmember Roy Lee
Councilmember Wade T. Nomura
Councilmember Mónica J. Solórzano
Vice Mayor Natalia Alarcon
Mayor Al Clark
Staff members present: Michael Ramirez, Assistant City Manager Jena Shoaf Acos, on behalf of Brownstein Hyatt Farber
Schreck, LLP acting as City Attorney of the City
of Carpinteria
Brian C. Barrett, City Clerk

PUBLIC COMMENT ON CLOSED SESSION MATTERS
There was no public comment.

CLOSED SESSION

1. CLOSED SESSION: CONFERENCE WITH LEGAL COUNSEL – EXISTING

LITIGATION
Government Code section 54956.9(d)(1)
Name of case: DARIO L. PINI, an individual; DARIO L. PINI, Trustee of the DARIO L. PINI TRUST U/D/T DATED MARCH 2, 2015, Plaintiffs, v. THE CITY OF CARPINTERIA, a political subdivision of the State of California, DOES 1-10, Defendants, SBSC Case No. 23CV01129.

TEMPORARY ADJOURNMENT TO CLOSED SESSION
Mayor Clark temporarily adjourned the meeting to Closed Session at 4:31 pm.

CALL TO ORDER
City Council Regular Meeting Minutes
March 27, 2023

Mayor Clark called the meeting to order at 5:30 pm.

ROLL CALL
Councilmembers present: Councilmember Roy Lee
Councilmember Wade T. Nomura
Councilmember Mónica J. Solórzano
Vice Mayor Natalia Alarcon
Mayor Al Clark
Staff members present: Dave Durflinger, City Manager
Jena Shoaf Acos, on behalf of Brownstein Hyatt Farber
Schreck, LLP acting as City Attorney of the City
of Carpinteria
Brian C. Barrett, City Clerk
John L. Ilasin, Public Works Director
Michael Ramirez, Assistant City Manager
Matt Roberts, Parks, Recreation & Public Facilities
Director

CLOSED SESSION REPORT
Legal Counsel Acos announced that there was no reportable action from the Closed Session.

PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
Mayor Clark led those present in the salute to the flag.

COUNCILMEMBER(S) REQUEST FOR REMOTE PARTICIPATION UNDER AB 2449:

The Council heard this item later in the meeting.

AGENDA MODIFICATIONS: NONE
INTRODUCTIONS, PROCLAMATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS:

2. Proclamation Designating April 2023 as Carpinteria Business Month.

Mayor Clark presented the proclamation to representatives of the Santa Barbara South Coast Chamber of Commerce. Kristen Miller, President & CEO of the Santa Barbara South Coast Chamber of Commerce provided remarks.

3. Proclamation Designating April 2023 as DMV/Donate Life Month.

City Council Regular Meeting Minutes
March 27, 2023

Mayor Clark presented the proclamation to Scott Burns, on behalf of Donate Life California. Mr. Burns provided remarks.

4. Proclamation Designating the Week of April 15 – 22, 2023, as “International Dark Sky Week”.

Mayor Clark presented the proclamation to members of the Carpinteria Valley Association. Mike Wondolowski, representing Carpinteria Valley Association provided remarks.

Mayor Clark requested staff look into initiating a “night sky” ordinance.

PUBLIC INFORMATION REPORTS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS
Lieutenant Butch Arnoldi with the Santa Barbara County Sheriff’s Department provided an update on crime in the City.

CITY MANAGER’S REPORT
Public Works Director Ilasin provided information on an upcoming road closure on Carpinteria Avenue between City Hall and Bailard Avenue.

Assistant City Manager Ramirez gave an update on senior activities programming.

City Manager Durflinger reported on the Planning Commission actions from its special meeting on March 20
th
.

PUBLIC COMMENT ON MATTERS NOT ON THE AGENDA
Speakers in-person: Michael Baker, Ann Matson (presented petition regarding pickleball), Erick Trigueros, Will Carleton, and Andres Nuño
Emails distributed: Susan Mailheau, Cynthia Naughton, and Anonymous In response to Mr. Nuño’s comments, there was Council consensus to direct staff to place a presentation on the Surf ‘n’ Suds Beer Festival on a future Council agenda.

CONSENT CALENDAR:

There was no public comment.

Motion by Councilmember Lee, seconded by Councilmember Nomura, to approve the Consent Calendar Item Nos. 5 through 13. The roll call vote was as follows:

City Council Regular Meeting Minutes
March 27, 2023

AYES: Councilmember Lee, Councilmember Nomura, Councilmember Solórzano, Vice Mayor Alarcon, and Mayor Clark
NOES: None
ABSENT: None
ABSTAIN: None
The motion carried unanimously.

5. Approve the minutes of the regular meeting held March 13, 2023.

6. Receive and file the Expenditures for the period beginning March 4, 2023 and ending March 17, 2023.

7. Receive and file the Contracts Executed by the City Manager on behalf of the City for the Period of February 21, 2023 through March 20, 2023.

8. Receive and file the Monthly City Treasurer’s Report on Compliance with Statement of Safekeeping for the Month of February 2023.

9. Adopt Resolution No. 6214, as read by title only, directing the City Manager to prepare an assessment report for the consideration of continuing Street Lighting District No. 1 for the Fiscal Year 2023-24.

10. Adopt Resolution No. 6215, as read by title only, ordering the preparation of a report describing the financial status of the District and recommending assessments for Fiscal Year 2023-24 for Carpinteria Lighting, Landscaping and Right of Way Improvement District No. 3.

11. Adopt Resolution No. 6216, ordering a report by the Downtown “T” Business Advisory Board for the purpose of continuing assessments for the Carpinteria Parking and Business Improvement Area Assessment District No. 4 for Fiscal Year 2023-24.

12. Adopt Resolution No. 6217, as read by title only, ordering the preparation of a report describing the Winter Protection Berm Program and associated assessment and continue the Winter Protection Berm Assessment District No. 5 for Fiscal Year 2023-24.

13. Authorize the City Manager to execute the Agreement with Rogers Anderson Malody & Scott, LLP for auditing services in an amount not to exceed $195,020. (This motion requires a roll call vote.)
COUNCILMEMBER(S) REQUEST FOR REMOTE PARTICIPATION UNDER AB 2449:

City Council Regular Meeting Minutes
March 27, 2023

Vice Mayor Alarcon announced that she would be participating remotely at the April 24th regular Council meeting.

Legal Counsel Acos suggested discussing offline with Vice Mayor Alarcon regarding her request to participate remotely at the April 24th Council meeting.

ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS:

14. Authorize a construction contract for the Project known as the interim trail from Linden Avenue to Holly Avenue (399 Linden Avenue).

Recommendation: Authorize the City Manager to execute the attached Proposal in an amount not to exceed $33,800.00 for Bob’s Backhoe & Trucking to complete the trail from Linden to Holly Avenues.

Parks, Recreation & Public Facilities Director Roberts presented the staff report and PowerPoint presentation.

Speakers in-person: Susan Allen and David Allen
Motion by Councilmember Nomura, seconded by Councilmember Lee, to authorize the City Manager to execute the construction contract in an amount not to exceed $33,800.00 for Bob’s Backhoe & Trucking. The roll call vote was as follows:

AYES: Councilmember Lee, Councilmember Nomura, Councilmember Solórzano, Vice Mayor Alarcon, and Mayor Clark
NOES: None
ABSENT: None
ABSTAIN: None
The motion carried unanimously.

15. Authorize the City Manager to execute an Agreement for Services in the amount of $46,800.00 to demolish an outbuilding located at 6155 Carpinteria Avenue (APN 001-180-040).

Recommendation: Authorize the City Manager to execute an Agreement for Services in an amount not to exceed $46,800.00 for Bob’s Backhoe & Trucking to demolish the outbuilding located at 6155 Carpinteria Avenue.

Parks, Recreation & Public Facilities Director Roberts presented the staff report and PowerPoint presentation.

Speakers in-person: Susan Allen and David Allen
City Council Regular Meeting Minutes
March 27, 2023

Motion by Vice Mayor Alarcon, seconded by Councilmember Nomura, to authorize the City Manager to execute the Agreement for Services in an amount not to exceed $46,800.00 for Bob’s Backhoe & Trucking to demolish an out building located at 6155 Carpinteria Avenue. The roll call vote was as follows:

AYES: Councilmember Lee, Councilmember Nomura, Councilmember Solórzano, Vice Mayor Alarcon, and Mayor Clark
NOES: None
ABSENT: None
ABSTAIN: None
The motion carried unanimously.

PUBLIC HEARING: NONE

CONSIDERATION OF ANY ITEMS REMOVED FROM CONSENT CALENDAR AND/OR OTHER AGENDA ITEMS REQUESTED TO BE ADVANCED: NONE MATTERS CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS MEETINGS: NONE
OTHER BUSINESS:

16. Legislation position letter opposing Initiative 21-0042A1, a proposed state constitutional amendment to limit the ability of voters and state and local governments to raise revenues for government services.

Recommendation: Direct that a position letter for the Mayor’s signature be prepared for submittal to state representatives consistent with the request and sample letter provided by CalCities.

City Manager Durflinger presented the staff report.

There was no public comment.

Motion by Councilmember Nomura, seconded by Vice Mayor Alarcon, to direct that a position letter for the Mayor’s signature be prepared for submittal to state representatives consistent with the request and sample letter provided by CalCities. The roll call vote was as follows:

AYES: Councilmember Lee, Councilmember Nomura, Councilmember Solórzano, Vice Mayor Alarcon, and Mayor Clark
NOES: None
ABSENT: None
ABSTAIN: None
City Council Regular Meeting Minutes
March 27, 2023

The motion carried unanimously.

17. Receive the recommendation of the City Manager Succession Process Committee to seek consultant proposals for executive search services for the City Manager position and for the Committee to vet proposals received and recommend a firm for Council consideration.

Recommendation: Direct staff to solicit proposals from executive search firms and request that the City Manager Succession Process Committee review and select a firm for Council consideration.

City Manager Durflinger presented the staff report.

There was no public comment.

Motion by Councilmember Solórzano, seconded by Councilmember Nomura, to direct staff to solicit proposals from the identified executive search firms and request that the City Manager Succession Process Committee review and select a firm for Council consideration. The roll call vote was as follows:

AYES: Councilmember Lee, Councilmember Nomura, Councilmember Solórzano, Vice Mayor Alarcon, and Mayor Clark
NOES: None
ABSENT: None
ABSTAIN: None
The motion carried unanimously.

LEGISLATIVE UPDATE:

City Manager Durflinger reported on a housing bill by State Senator Weiner. There was consensus of the Council to direct staff to return with a position letter on the housing bill by Senator Weiner at a future meeting.

COMMITTEE REPORTS, INQUIRIES AND OTHER MATTERS PRESENTED BY

COUNCILMEMBERS
Councilmember Solórzano reported on her attendance at the March 17th BEACON meeting.

ATTENDANCE OF COUNCILMEMBERS FOR FUTURE MEETINGS
All Councilmembers are expected to be in attendance at the next regular meeting on April 10th.

City Council Regular Meeting Minutes
March 27, 2023

ADJOURNMENT
Mayor Clark adjourned the meeting at 7:11 pm.
__________________________
Al Clark, Mayor
ATTEST:
____________________________
Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC
City Clerk
City of Carpinteria

COUNCIL AGENDA STAFF REPORT
April 10, 2023

ITEM FOR COUNCIL CONSIDERATION
Expenditures for the period beginning March 18, 2023 and ending March 31, 2023.

STAFF RECOMMENDATION
That the City Council accept this report concerning the current list of warrants pursuant to Carpinteria Municipal Code 2.08.150(F).

DISCUSSION
As part of each regular City Council agenda, a list of all checks (attached) dispersed since the last reporting period is presented to the City Council pursuant to C.M.C.

2.08.150(F). The report is provided for City Council and public information and serves as Staff's verification that the expenditures have been reviewed and are within budgeted appropriations.

FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS
The warrant register included as an attachment is designed to communicate fiscal activity since the prior reporting period. No action is requested as part of this report.

ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A: Warrant Register for the period beginning March 18, 2023 and ending March 31, 2023.

Warrant Register
April 10, 2023
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Signature
Reviewed by: Dave Durflinger, City Manager
(805) 755-4400, [email protected]
G:\Admin Services\Staff Report\Staff Report AP.docx
Warrant Register
Carpinteria, CA
Date Range: 03/18/2023 - 03/31/2023
Vendor Number
Payable#
Bank Code: AP Bank-AP Bank
INV0004583
Vendor Name
Payable Type Post Date

AMBER WORKMAN
Invoice 03/23/2023

ERDMAN VIDEO SYSTEMS
6189-WARRANT Invoice 03/23/2023
Payable Description
LODGING REIMBURSEMENT FOR 2023 STORM INCIDENT
OCT21-SEP22 WEBHOSTING FOR LIVE BEACH GAME
INV0004585
INV0004582
INV0004584
2504915684
INV0004575
INV0004576
INV0004577
INV0004578
INV0004579
INV0004580
INV0004581
INV0004600
INV0004602
INV0004607
INV0004608
INV0004606
INV0004611
INV0004605
INV0004604

FRIENDS OF CARPINTERIA LIBRARY
Invoice 03/23/2023 VETS HALL DEPOSIT REFUND 3/18/23

LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE
Invoice 03/23/2023 REGISTRATION-L. MALDONADO CONSORTIUM LIVE STREAM

MICHAEL RAMIREZ
Invoice 03/23/2023 REIMBURSE TRAVEL EXPENSES-CITY MANAGER CONF 2023

MURALISM
Invoice 03/23/2023

NATIONAL BAND & TAG COMPANY
Invoice 03/23/2023 WIDE HEART DOG LICENSE TAGS

OLIVIA URIBE-MUTAL
Invoice 03/23/2023

TRANSAMERICA EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Invoice 03/23/2023 FEBRUARY 2023 EMPLOYEE PREMIUMS

LICHTE MALDONADO
Invoice 03/23/2023
Invoice 03/23/2023

MISSIONSQUARE
Invoice 03/23/2023
Invoice 03/23/2023
Invoice 03/23/2023
SEIU LOCAL 620
Invoice 03/23/2023

QUADIENT FINANCE USA INC
MAR23 7900 04' Invoice 03/30/2023

RINCON CONSULTANTS INC
Invoice 03/30/2023

S & S SEEDS
Invoice 03/30/2023

TOMOL INTERPRETIVE PLAY AREA FRESHEN UP
REIMBURSE TRAVEL EXPENSE-MMASC CONFERENCE 2023
REIMBURSABLE TRAVEL-CJ PIA RISK MANAGEMENT JAN23
REIMBURSABLE TRAVEL-CSMFO CONFERENCE JAN23
Deferred Compensation Contribution-Part Time Emp
MissionSquareEmployee Contributions
MISSIONSQUARE Employee Contributions
Employee Union Dues Contribution

UNITED WAY OF SANTA BARBARA COUNTY
Invoice 03/23/2023 Employee United Way Contribution

MISSIONSQUARE
Invoice 03/23/2023 FY23 RETRO CITY MANAGER AGREEMENT CONTRIBUTIONS

ALLEN CONSTRUCTION
Invoice 03/30/2023 ENGINEERING PERMIT PROJECT CLOSE OUT

BYERS ENGINEERING COMPANY
Invoice 03/30/2023 ENGINEERING PERMIT PROJECT CLOSE OUT

CIVIL DESIGN STUDIO INC
Invoice 03/30/2023 ENGINEERING PERMIT PROJECT CLOSE OUT COM3 CONSULTING INC
Invoice 03/30/2023 MAR2022-FEB2023 PROJECT MANAGEMENT CARP BRIDGE

KENNY CONSTRUCTION INC
Invoice 03/30/2023 ENGINEERING PERMIT PROJECT CLOSE OUT

PLEASANT VALLEY SWIM TEAM
Invoice 03/30/2023 2023 CA PVST ABC SCY SWIM MEET ENTRY FEES POSTAGE FOR CITY HALL FEB & MAR23

ENGINEERING PERMIT PROJECT CLOSE OUT

ENGINEERING PERMIT PROJECT CLOSE OUT

SANTA BARBARA COUNTY TREAS/TAX COLLECTOR
2022-202210001 Invoice 03/30/2023 001-080-038 MONTE VISTA PARK-CARP SANITARY DIST 2022-202210004 Invoice 03/30/2023 001-170-018 CITY HALL-CARP SANITARY DIST 2022-202210004 Invoice 03/30/2023 001-180-072 VIOLA FIELDS-CARP SANITARY DIST 2022-202210015 Invoice 03/30/2023 004-105-011 LINDEN AVE PARKING LOT-CARP SANITARY 2022-20221001E Invoice 03/30/2023 004-005-005 EL CARRO PARK-CARP SANITARY DIST 2022-202210023 Invoice 03/30/2023 003-261-008 CARP AVE PARKING LOT-CARP SANITARY 2022-202210023 Invoice 03/30/2023 004-047-001 SEASIDE BUILDING-CARP SANITARY DIST Payment Date Payment Type Payment Amount Number
03/23/2023 Regular 241.76 101654
03/23/2023 Regular 1,080.00 101655
03/23/2023 Regular 300.00 101656
03/23/2023 Regular 75.00 101657
03/23/2023 Regular 317.50 101658
03/23/2023 Regular 5,000.00 101659
03/23/2023 Regular 240.41 101660
03/23/2023 Regular 228.52 101661
03/23/2023 Regular 784.34 101662
03/23/2023 Regular 880.24 101663
03/23/2023 Regular 5,181.72 101664
03/23/2023 Regular 216.87 101665
03/23/2023 Regular 24.00 101666
03/23/2023 Regular 957.66 101667
03/30/2023 Regular 1,831.63 101668
03/30/2023 Regular 1,709.86 101669
03/30/2023 Regular 4,002.56 101670
03/30/2023 Regular 4,450.00 101671
03/30/2023 Regular 564.88 101672
03/30/2023 Regular 272.50 101673
03/30/2023 Regular 1,025.00 101674
03/30/2023 Regular 2,404.92 101675
03/30/2023 Regular 2,935.00 101676
03/30/2023 Regular 23,281.92 101677
2022-202210023 Invoice 03/30/2023 004-047-017 LIBRARY & CLINIC-CARP SANITARY DIST 2022-202210023 Invoice 03/30/2023 004-047-040 COMMUNITY POOL-CARP SANITARY DIST 2022-202210029 Invoice 03/30/2023 003-470-013 ASH AVENUE-CARP SANITARY DIST 2022-20221004€ Invoice 03/30/2023 004-105-016 COMMUNITY GARDEN-CARP SANITARY DIST STEADFAST COMPANIES 03/30/2023 Regular 967.46 101678
INV0004603 Invoice 03/30/2023 ENGINEERING PERMIT PROJECT CLOSE OUT UNION MATERIALS TESTING INC. 03/30/2023 Regular 2,623.00 101679 134 Invoice 03/30/2023 OCT22 TESTING SERVICES-CRAMER STREET REHAB WEX BANK (CHEVRON) 03/30/2023 Regular 1,820.80 101680
i 87955477 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAR23 FUEL FOR CITY VEHICLES ALEXISS MARTINEZ 03/30/2023 Regular 100.00 101681
INV0004618 Invoice 03/30/2023 PETTY CASH FUNDS FOR BEACH STORE AMAZON CAPITAL SERVICES INC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 850. 76 APA001480 13C9-LTW1-MX[ Invoice 03/23/2023 ZIP BOOKS-K.WRIGHT
16JK-GC1H-FC33 Invoice 03/23/2023 ZIP BOOKS-L. DEMARTINO 19JL-H46V-779H Invoice 03/23/2023 ZIP BOOKS-R. LAWRENCE 19W3-DGPC-34\ Invoice 03/23/2023 ZIP BOOKS-D. NORTON
lGMC-NRRX-lH Invoice 03/23/2023 OFFICE SUPPLIES AND BOOK EQUIPMENT FOR LIBRARY 1H1P-XXY1-K9TC Invoice 03/23/2023 LAMINATING SHEETS FOR LIBRARY 1M93-W3LD-9X[ Invoice 03/23/2023 ZIP BOOKS-L. HANSEN
1NK9-FG9P-7DN Invoice 03/23/2023 ZIP BOOKS-F. HOPPE
1 V7D-PVGL-9J6X Invoice 03/23/2023 BOOKS FOR LIBRARY
1WL9-M9XQ-1Q Invoice 03/23/2023 BOOKS FOR LIBRARY
1 YDW-GQ34-DVI Invoice 03/23/2023 ZIP BOOKS-M. OLVERD
AT&T MOBILITY 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 387.33 APA001481 287303896883X( Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 CITY HALL CELL PHONES BIG GREEN CLEANING COMPANY 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 8,889.00 APA001482 619916 Invoice 03/23/2023 MAR23 CONTRACTED CLEANING SERVICE CA DEPT OF JUSTICE 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 32.00 APA001483 641291 Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 FINGERPRINT APPLICATIONS CANNON 03/23/2023 Virtua I Payment 94.00 APA001484
83663 Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 PETROLEUM PIPELINE ABANDONMENT CANON FINANCIAL SERVICES INC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 1,249.52 APA001485 30162510 Invoice 03/23/2023 MAR23 CHARGES FOR CANON 5760 & B&W 6275 CARPINTERIA VALLEY LUMBER CO 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 166.36 APA001486 501969 Invoice 03/23/2023 PARTS FOR POOL REPAIR
501976 Invoice 03/23/2023 PARTS FOR POOL REPAIR
501979 Invoice 03/23/2023 OGAN ROAD ROUND ABOUT STREET SIGN 501989 Invoice 03/23/2023 3/8 TUBE KIT, ALKALINE BATTERY FOR REPAIRS 502573 Invoice 03/23/2023 ALKALINE BATTERY/25' WIRE NM FOR FUEL REPAIR 502652 Invoice 03/23/2023 PADLOCK, LUBRICANT FOR PW LADDER -I
COX BUSINESS 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 135.99 APA001487 MAR23 001 3011 Invoice 03/23/2023 MAR23-VETS HALL INTERNET SERVICES CPS HR CONSULTING 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 1,332.50 APA001488 0008897 Invoice 03/23/2023 JAN23 HR RESOURCE SUPPORT
EASY LIFT TRANSPORTATION 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 1,000.00 APA001489 7341 Invoice 03/23/2023 MAR23 COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION SERVICES ENGEL AND GRAY INC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 9,075.90 APA001490 32Q00037 Invoice 03/23/2023 COMPOST FOR EL CARRO FIELD RENOVATION EQUITY PRAXIS GROUP LLC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 50,146.00 APA001491 146 Invoice 03/23/2023 JAN23 DEIJ CONSULTING & TRAINING SERVICES EV CONNECT INC. 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 1,409.25 APA001492 INV2924 Invoice 03/23/2023 NEW ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATIONS EVERSHADE EXTERIOR CLEANING SOLUTIONS 03/23/2023 Virtua I Payment 450.00 APA001493 10290 Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 CLEANING OF TRASH CANS AT CARP & LINDEN AVE FEDEX 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 81.73 APA001494
8-064-66811 Invoice 03/23/2023 SHIPPING TO RETURN OZONE PARTS FOR POOL FRONTIER COMMUNICATIONS 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 319.11 APA001495 MAR23 805-684- Invoice 03/23/2023 MAR23 PHONE & INTERNET SERVICES FOR LIBRARY MAR23 805-684- Invoice 03/23/2023 MAR23 PHONE & INTERNET FOR LG TOWER & BOATHOUSE GRAINGER 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 95. 72 APA001496
9623073203 Invoice 03/23/2023 6 ALUMINUM TRASH GRABBERS FOR TRUCKS HOME DEPOT CREDIT SERVICES 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 216.91 APA001497 4794262 Invoice 03/23/2023 CORDLESS RATCHET AND BATTERY FOR SIGN WORK INFOARMOR INC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 53.85 APA001498 6456Feb23 Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 IDENTITY THEFT EMPLOYEE PREMIUMS KANOPY 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 13.00 APA001499
340243 - PPU Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 LI BRA RY VIDEOS
LASH CONSTRUCTION INC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 48,222.00 APA001500 11631 Invoice 03/23/2023 JAN23 CONSTRUCTION FOR SKATE PARK LAWSON PRODUCTS INC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 332.46 APA001501 9310385621 Invoice 03/23/2023 NYLON CABLE TIES FOR SHOP MISSION UNIFORM SERVICE 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 611.06 APA001502 517289312 Invoice 03/23/2023 TOWEL & MAT REPLACEMENT-CITY HALL 6/27/22 517717439 Invoice 03/23/2023 TOWEL & MAT REPLACEMENT-CITY HALL 9/05/22 518733766 Invoice 03/23/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT, UNIFORM CLEANING 2/13/23 518768215 Invoice 03/23/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT AT CITY HALL 2/20/23 518818771 Invoice 03/23/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT, UNIFORM CLEANING 2/27/23 518818772 Invoice 03/23/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT AT CITY HALL 2/27/23 NGU DRONE PHOTOGRAPHY LLC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 935.00 APA001503 1003 Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 DRONE PHOTOGRAPHY VIDEO SERVICES OPTONY INC. 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 1,300.00 APA001504 230-910 Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 PROJECT SERV FOR CITY HALL SOLAR ENERGY POLICORE INC. 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 4,920.00 APA001505 402931 Invoice 03/23/2023 IT SERVICES FOR LIBRARY FEBRUARY 2023 402932 Invoice 03/23/2023 IT SERVICES FOR POOL FEBRUARY 2023 REVENUE & COST SPECIALISTS LLC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 7,437.50 APA001506 9113 Invoice 03/23/2023 2023 SERVICE COST UPDATE STUDY-BILLING 1 OF 4 RISDON'S 76 SERVICE 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 60.00 APA001507 4234 Invoice 03/23/2023 CAR WASH FOR CODE COMPLIANCE VEHICLE-HM 2/11/23 4544 Invoice 03/23/2023 CAR WASH FOR CODE COMPLIANCE VEHICLE-HM 2/12/23 SHOWSCAPES 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 22,767.00 APA001508 388330960 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 10/07/22 388330961 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 10/07/22 388330962 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 10/07/22 388331031 Invoice 03/23/2023 IRRIGATION REPAIR-VIOLA PARK 10/14/22 388331961 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 2/07/23 388332149 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 3/7/23 388332150 Invoice 03/23/2023 IRRIGATION REPAIRS 4801 HOLLY AVE 3/7/23 388332151 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 3/7/23 388332153 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 3/7/23 388332154 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 3/7/23 388332155 Invoice 03/23/2023 IRRIGATION REPAIRS LINDEN & SANDYLAND DR 3/7/23 388332156 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 3/7/23 388332210 Invoice 03/23/2023 El CARRO FIELD TURF RENOVATION 3/10/23 SITEONE LANDSCAPE SUPPLY (ALL AROUND) 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 66.47 APA001509 127395477-001 Invoice 03/23/2023 SHOVELS FOR SHOP
SO CA EDISON 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 16.60 APA001510 MAR23 7004746 Invoice 03/23/2023 ELECTRICITY-4683 9TH ST SUN COAST RENTALS 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 1,314.00 APA001511 56077 Invoice 03/23/2023 MINI EXCAVATOR FOR LA MIRADA
56119 Invoice 03/23/2023 SKIDSTEER FOR CARP BIKE PATH
TAFT ELECTRIC 03/23/2023 Virtua I Payment 925.00 APA001512 70-7573 Invoice 03/23/2023 TO PROVIDE & INSTALL 112" RED LED STOP LIGHT TRAFFIC TECHNOLOGIES LLC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 583.12 APA001513 43436 Invoice 03/23/2023 HEAVY DUTY ANCHORS & HARDWARE FOR SIGN WORK TRI-CO REPROGRAPHICS 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 153.63 APA001514 175084 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING SMALL FORMAT, DE-BIND, RE-BIND 3/8/23 175399 Invoice 03/23/2023 DE-BIND, RE-BIND SCANNING COLOR 3/15/23 175400 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING COLOR, BIND, COMBINE 3/15/23 175401 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING COLOR, FILE RENAME 3/15/23 175404 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING COLOR, FILE RENAME 3/15/23 175405 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING COLOR, FILE RENAME 3/15/23 175406 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING SMALL FORMAT, FILE RENAME 3/15/23 175494 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING COLOR, BIND, FILE RENAME 3/16/23 175495 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING COLOR, BIND, FILE RENAME 3/16/23 175497 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING COLOR, BIND, FILE RENAME 3/16/23 175498 Invoice 03/23/2023 SCANNING SMALL FORMAT, FILE RENAME 3/16/23 VITAL RECORDS CONTROL 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 34.15 APA001515 3322838 Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 CONTRACTED SHREDDING SERVICES WALKER CONSULTANTS 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 7,593.00 APA001516 370095090005 Invoice 03/23/2023 FEB23 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES FOR CARP DWNTN PARKING WEST COAST ARBORISTS INC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 2,800.00 APA001517 197292 Invoice 03/23/2023 TREE MAINTENANCE 2/16/23-2/28/23 WESTAIRE HEATING & CONDITIONING INC 03/23/2023 Virtual Payment 677.44 APA001518 19525 Invoice 03/23/2023 CITY HALL HVAC REPAIR 2/28/23
AG ENT INC 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 720.00 APA001519
23243 Invoice 03/30/2023 BACKFLOW REPAIR AT LINDEN & SANDYLAND 2/27/23 23244 Invoice 03/30/2023 BACKFLOW REPAIR AT VIOLA PARK 2/27/23 23245 Invoice 03/30/2023 BACKFLOW TESTING AT SALT MARSH 2/27/23 23247 Invoice 03/30/2023 BACKFLOW TESTING AT HOLLY & SANDYLAND 2/27/23 23248 Invoice 03/30/2023 BACKFLOW REPAIR AT MONTE VISTA PARK 2/27/23 23249 Invoice 03/30/2023 BACKFLOW TESTING AT FRANKLIN PARK 2/27/23 ALAN NOELLE ENGINEERING INC. 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 2,020.00 APA001520 8169 Invoice 03/30/2023 PRINCIPAL LIGHTING DESIGN FOR SKATE PARK ALICE WISSING 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 320.00 APA001521 02/23/23 Invoice 03/30/2023 MINUTES FOR PLANNING COMMISSION MTG 2/6/23 ALL LANGUAGES INTERPRETING & TRANSLATING INC. 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 795.00 APA001522 29508 Invoice 03/30/2023 2 SPANISH INTERPRETERS FOR CC MTG 3/13/23 AMAZON CAPITAL SERVICES INC 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 217.99 APA001523 11JL-6PJH-3R76 Invoice 03/30/2023 ZIP BOOKS-D. MCGUIRE
13DP-T4XX-JV1J Invoice 03/30/2023 ZIP BOOKS-K. DU BOCK
14CR-3DMM-JT1 Invoice 03/30/2023 ZIP BOOKS-J. GARDNER
14GJ-LQRG-3PJD Invoice 03/30/2023 ZIP BOOKS-J. CALITRI
19VF-KYMM-3YC Invoice 03/30/2023 ZIP BOOKS-P. MILLER
1DT9-6MKL-7QC Invoice 03/30/2023 21 P BOOKS-T. BRYAN
1QL4-WHJP-H14 Invoice 03/30/2023 ZIP BOOKS-S. HABERMAN
1W6K-l!J9-3X61 Invoice 03/30/2023 21 P BOOKS-S. HABERMAN 1W6K-11J9-MM' Invoice 03/30/2023 ZIP BOOKS-V. MARTINEZ
lWYW-RVTl-lVI Invoice 03/30/2023 ZIP BOOKS-J.WILLIAMS
A-OK POWER EQUIPMENT 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 1,087.42 APA001524 701086 Invoice 03/30/2023 CORDLESS POLE PRUNER, TWO BATTERIES BAY ALARM 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 186.75 APA001525
20440770 Invoice 03/30/2023 POOL ALARM SERVICES 4/1/23-7/1/23 BLUESTUDIO INC 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 800.00 APA001526 1294 Invoice 03/30/2023 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES-LINDEN PROJECT THRU 3/15/23 BOBS BACKHOE & TRUCKING 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 23,035.00 APA001527 17760 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAR23 BEACH CLEAN UP FROM LINDEN TO ASH AVE CANNON 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 92,741.14 APA001528
83859 Invoice 03/30/2023 FEB23 DESIGN SVCS FOR 2022 PAVEMENT REHABILITATION 83922 Invoice 03/30/2023 FEB23 ENGINEERING TECH STAFF AUGMENTATION 83943 Invoice 03/30/2023 FEB23 CARPINTERIA LIBRARY IMPROVEMENTS CARPINTERIA VALLEY LUMBER CO 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 306.97 APA001529 502692 Invoice 03/30/2023 MATERIAL FOR TOWER 2 PHONE LINE REPAIR 502757 Invoice 03/30/2023 PVC MATERIAL FOR TOWER 2 PHONE LINE REPAIR 503016 Invoice 03/30/2023 PLANTS FOR COMMUNITY GARDEN 3/13/23 503187 Invoice 03/30/2023 HARDWARE, PVC CAP FOR POOL BACKFLOW REPAIR 503203 Credit Memo 03/30/2023 PVC MATERIAL RETURN FOR POOL BACKFLOW REPAIR 503205 Invoice 03/30/2023 MATERIAL FOR WALL INSIDE STORAGE CONTAINER 503568 Invoice 03/30/2023 LED HEADLIGHT FLASHLIGHT FOR TIM GRAY 503596 Invoice 03/30/2023 HARDWARE SUPPLIES
COASTAL VIEW NEWS 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 1,475.00 APA001530 59626 Invoice 03/30/2023 ABOP AD 3/9/23
59638 Invoice 03/30/2023 SAVE THE DATE ANNUAL WASTE DAY AD 3/16/23 59639 Invoice 03/30/2023 SANTA MONICA CREEK TRAIL CLEANUP AD 3/21/23 59640 Invoice 03/30/2023 INDUCTION COOKING DEMONSTRATION AD 3/16/23 59642 Invoice 03/30/2023 PLANNING COMMISSION SPECIAL MEETING AD 3/9/23 59644 Invoice 03/30/2023 SUMMARY OF ADOPTED ORD 763 AD 3/16/23 COUNTY SANITATION COMPANY INC STEWARTS & SELZER PLUMBING 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 280.00 APA001531 62052 Invoice 03/30/2023 UNCLOG TOILET AT LIBRARY 12/28/22 DEWBERRY ENGINEERS INC. 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 1,638.99 APA001532 2253986 Invoice 03/30/2023 FEB23 SERVICES FOR CARP AVE BRIDGE PROJECT GRAINGER 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 484.12 APA001533
9631417566 Invoice 03/30/2023 LED BULBS, BRASS BALL VALVE, COPPER FOR TERMINAL HILLYARD 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 253.00 APA001534
605055745 Invoice 03/30/2023 FOAM SOAP FOR CITY HALL RESTROOMS IWORQ SYSTEMS 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 10,550.00 APA001535 199684 Invoice 03/30/2023 SOFTWARE MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT 3/2023-2/2024 MCCORMIX CORP 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 103.49 APA001536 4362 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAR23 FUEL FOR CITY VEHICLES
MISSION UNIFORM SERVICE 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 857.15 APA001537 518768214 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT,UNIFORM CLEANING 2/20/23 518862860 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT, UNIFORM CLEANING 3/06/23 518904937 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT AT POOL 3/13/23 518904940 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT AT LIBRARY 3/13/23 518904952 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT, UNIFORM CLEANING 3/13/23 518904953 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT-CITY HALL 3/13/23 518948002 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT, UNIFORM CLEANING 3/20/23 518948003 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAT REPLACEMENT-CITY HALL 3/20/23 MNS ENGINEERS INC 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 1,040.00 APA001538 82641 Invoice 03/30/2023 FEB23 SURVEYOR SERVICES-STAR PINE RD RW RESEARCH RRM DESIGN GROUP 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 10,712.50 APA001539 2911-01-0223 Invoice 03/30/2023 FEB23 FRANKLIN CREEK TRAIL IMPROVEMENT s&s SEEDS 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 10,900.00 APA001540 OP-76356-1-23 Invoice 03/30/2023 GRASS SEED FOR EL CARRO PARK FIELD RENOVATION OP-76356-23 Invoice 03/30/2023 GRASS SEED FOR EL CARRO PARK FIELD RENOVATION SHOWSCAPES 03/30/2023 Virtua I Payment 19,175.00 APA001541 388332087 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAR23 LANDSCAPE SERVICES THROUGHOUT CITY 388332152 Invoice 03/30/2023 IRRIGATION REPAIRS AT LINDEN & SANDYLAND 3/7/23 SITEONE LANDSCAPE SUPPLY (ALL AROUND) 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 5.66 APA001542 127665752-001 Invoice 03/30/2023 PVC CAP FOR POOL BACKFLOW SWEEPING CORP OF AMERICA 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 18,239.07 APA001543 71083VS Invoice 03/30/2023 MAR23 STREET SWEEPING SERVICE TRAFFIC TECHNOLOGIES LLC 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 202.11 APA001544 43504 Invoice 03/30/2023 RAIN GEAR FOR J. MONTIEL & E. MAKER TRI-CO REPROGRAPHICS 03/30/2023 Virtua I Payment 36. 75 APA001545 175594 Invoice 03/30/2023 SCANNING COLOR, FILE RENAME 3/17/23 175595 Invoice 03/30/2023 SCANNING SMALL FORMAT, DE-BIND, RE-BIND 3/17/23 175596 Invoice 03/30/2023 SCANNING SMALL FORMAT, FILE RENAME 3/17/23 UNIQUE MANAGEMENT SERVICES INC 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 363.10 APA001546 6110461 Invoice 03/30/2023 FEB23 NEW PLACEMENTS FOR LIBRARY VILLAGE POOL SUPPLY 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 310.81 APA001547 45584 Invoice 03/30/2023 CHOLORINE & ACID FOR POOL 3/15/23 VULCAN MATERIALS COMPANY 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 1,806.69 APA001548 73534935 Invoice 03/30/2023 COLD PATCH FOR POTHOLES
WEST MARINE PRODUCTS INC 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 657.38 APA001549 0422986 Invoice 03/30/2023 CAULK, ADHESIVE FOR CITY HALL ROOF 0559166 Invoice 03/30/2023 15 PFD KYAK PADDLES, STAND, TACKLEBOX 0565960 Credit Memo 03/30/2023 RETURNED 5 PFD KYAK PADDLES CM-005347 Credit Memo 03/30/2023 EYE NUT FASTNERS DUPLICATE PAYMENT CM-005405 Credit Memo 03/30/2023 EYE NUT FASTNERS DUPLICATE PAYMENT WESTERN EXTERMINATOR COMPANY 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 73.25 APA001550 33055187 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAR23 PEST CONTROL AT VETS HALL WILLIAMS SCOTSMAN INC. 03/30/2023 Virtua I Payment 496.96 APA001551 9017111998 Invoice 03/30/2023 MAR23 LEASE FOR PARK & REC MOBILE OFFICE WSP USA ENVIRONMENT & INFRASTRUCTURE INC. 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 630.00 APA001552 SS8584068 Invoice 03/30/2023 LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN THROUGH 2/3/23 JAYNE DIAZ 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 691.61 APA001553
INV0004615 Invoice 03/30/2023 APR23 MEDICAL REIMBURSEMENT LARRY DRIGGERS 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 691.61 APA001554 INV0004616 Invoice 03/30/2023 APR23 MEDICAL REIMBURSEMENT MARY ANN COLSON 03/30/2023 Virtual Payment 691.61 APA00lSSS INV0004617 Invoice 03/30/2023 APR23 MEDICAL REIMBURSEMENT INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE 03/23/2023 Bank Draft 20,926.40 DFT0003013 PR06 03L23L23 Invoice 03/23/2023 PR06 03/23/23 FEDERAL TAX PAYMENT EDD-SIT 03/23/2023 Bank Draft 6,691.45 DFT0003014
PR06 03L23L23 Invoice 03/23/2023 PR06 03/23/23 SIT TAXES EDD-SDI 03/23/2023 Bank Draft 1,430.78 DFT0003015
PR06 03L23L23 Invoice 03/23/2023 PR06 03/23/23 SDI TAXES RESOLUTION NO. 6219

A RESOLUTION OF THE CARPINTERIA

CITY COUNCIL

COMMENDING AND CONGRATULATING

GREGG AND GERI ANN CARTY

UPON BEING NAMED
CARPINTERIANS OF THE YEAR FOR 2022
WHEREAS, Gregg and Geri Ann Carty are long-time Carpinterians; and WHEREAS, Gregg and Geri Ann have supported The California Avocado Festival, the Alcazar Theater, The Lynda Fairly Arts Center, the Carpinteria Woman’s Club, the Carpinteria Bluffs, the Carpinteria Education Foundation, Girls Incorporated of Carpinteria, Carp Cares for Kids, the Orchard to Ocean run, the Carpinteria Skate Park, Compassionate Care of Carpinteria, local schools and Mentor Match, and many more; and
WHEREAS, Gregg was elected and served on the Carpinteria City Council for four terms, from December 2006 to December 2022 and was nominated and voted by his peers to serve as the City’s Mayor from 2008 to 2010 and 2014 to 2016; and WHEREAS, Geri Ann has provided exceptional care as a private nurse and has played a crucial role in maintaining the Alcazar Theater’s legacy as a cultural hub for the community; and
WHEREAS, as a small business owner, Gregg has put much of his construction expertise into various volunteer projects, including the California Avocado Festival and Carpinteria Arts Center, at no cost; and
WHEREAS, Geri Ann has extensive involvement in the Carpinteria Woman’s Club, Girls Inc. of Carpinteria, Carpinteria Education Foundation and Mentor Match where Geri Ann helped many young people overcome obstacles and succeed in both their personal and academic lives; and
WHEREAS, Gregg and Geri Ann have made remarkable contributions and been tireless advocates for the Carpinteria Valley Community; their generosity and commitment to lead and serve, inspire others to participate and make a difference in their communities.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED as follows:

SECTION 1. The above recitals are true and correct.

Resolution No. 6219

SECTION 2. The City Council hereby commends and congratulates Gregg and Geri Ann Carty as the “2022 Carpinterians of the Year,” for their vital contributions to cherished Carpinteria events and programs that will positively impact the community far into the future.

PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED this 10
th day of April, 2023.

AYES: COUNCILMEMBER(S):

NOES: COUNCILMEMBER(S):

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBER(S):

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBER(S):
________________________
Mayor, City of Carpinteria
ATTEST:
______________________________
Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC
City Clerk, City of Carpinteria
I hereby certify that the foregoing resolution was adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Carpinteria held on April 10, 2023. ______________________________
Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC
City Clerk, City of Carpinteria
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
__________________________________
Jena Shoaf Acos, on behalf of Brownstein
Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP acting as
City Attorney of the City of Carpinteria
RESOLUTION NO. 6220

A RESOLUTION OF THE CARPINTERIA

CITY COUNCIL

COMMENDING AND CONGRATULATING

STEPHANIE RAMIREZ GARCIA

UPON BEING NAMED

JUNIOR CARPINTERIAN OF THE YEAR
FOR 2022
WHEREAS, Stephanie is a student of Carpinteria High School who has demonstrated her exceptional skills in academics, extracurricular activities, and community service; and
WHEREAS, Stephanie is on the path to being a first-generation college student and has shown remarkable resilience and determination in achieving her academic goals, while also using her time and talents to give back to the community; and WHEREAS, She is an active participant in school clubs and community organizations where she is a member of AVID, Spanish, Fellowship of Christian Athletes, and Mission Scholars; and
WHEREAS, Additionally, Stephanie has shown her athletic prowess as the captain of the school’s tennis team and has won several awards for her performance; and
WHEREAS, Stephanie is passionate about helping others and has volunteered as a camp counselor, teaching the fundamentals of tennis to young campers, she also serves as an ambassador at Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital, where she enjoys lending a hand and seeing patients smile; and
WHEREAS, Outside of her academic and volunteer pursuits, Stephanie enjoys traveling to new places, listening to music, and taking pride in her cultural heritage and family traditions; her strong sense of commitment to her family and community fuels her passion to pursue a degree in Nursing and Biology, with the goal of providing support to enhance the lives of others around her; and
WHEREAS, Stephanie is an exemplary student and positive role model to all those around her on campus and in the community; her persistence, passion, and adaptability have been an inspiration to all those who know her.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED as follows:

SECTION 1. The above recitals are true and correct.

Resolution No. 6220

SECTION 2. The City Council hereby commends and congratulates Stephanie Ramirez Garcia as the “2022 Junior Carpinterian of the Year,” honoring her hard work, dedication, and leadership qualities that make her a role model for her peers and a valuable member of the Carpinteria community.

PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 10
th day of April, 2023.

AYES: COUNCILMEMBER(S):

NOES: COUNCILMEMBER(S):

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBER(S):

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBER(S):
________________________
Mayor, City of Carpinteria
ATTEST:
______________________________
Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC
City Clerk, City of Carpinteria
I hereby certify that the foregoing resolution was adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Carpinteria held on April 10, 2023. ______________________________
Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC
City Clerk, City of Carpinteria
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
__________________________________
Jena Shoaf Acos, on behalf of Brownstein
Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP acting as
City Attorney of the City of Carpinteria
RESOLUTION NO. 6222

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARPINTERIA

RECOGNIZING AND COMMENDING KATHY AND ANDY SHEAFFER FOR

OUTSTANDING VOLUNTEER SERVICE TO THE CARPINTERIA COMMUNITY WHEREAS, Kathy and Andy Sheaffer are devoted community members dedicating their time, talents and volunteer efforts throughout Carpinteria; and WHEREAS, Kathy and Andy Sheaffer have helped youth in the area for over two decades; and
WHEREAS, Kathy and Andy Sheaffer have been involved with the Boys and Girls Club, Troop 50 of the Boy Scouts, and Little League Baseball, the Carpinteria Education Foundation and Carpinteria Boosters Club and the Carpinteria FFA (Future Farmers of America) program; and
WHEREAS, Kathy and Andy Sheaffer were instrumental in repairing the Jelly Bowl stairs in 2022 promoting public access to the coast; and WHEREAS, Kathy and Andy Sheaffer exemplify the best and highest principles of volunteer service and civic participation.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED as follows:

SECTION 1. The above recitals are true and correct.

SECTION 2. Kathy and Andy Sheaffer are hereby recognized and commended for their many accomplishments and valuable contributions to the City of Carpinteria and other community-based organizations.

SECTION 3. A copy of this Resolution shall be furnished by the City Clerk to Kathy and Andy Sheaffer as a token of the sincere gratitude and appreciation of the City of Carpinteria.

SECTION 4. This Resolution is effective upon its adoption.

PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED this 10th day of April, 2023, by the following vote;
Resolution No. 6222

AYES: COUNCILMEMBER(S):

NOES: COUNCILMEMBER(S):

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBER(S):

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBER(S):
______________________________
Mayor, City of Carpinteria
ATTEST:
_________________________
Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC
City Clerk, City of Carpinteria
I hereby certify that the foregoing resolution was adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Carpinteria held the 10th day of April 2023. __________________________
Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC
City Clerk, City of Carpinteria
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
_________________________________
Jena Shoaf Acos, on behalf of
Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP
acting as City Attorney of the City of Carpinteria
City of Carpinteria
Gouucrl Aeeruoa Srlrr Reponr
April 10,2023

ITEM FOR COUNCIL CONSIDERATION
Single Audit Report foi the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2022

STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Receive and file the Single Audit Report for the Fiscal Year ended June 30,2022 Sample Motion: I move to receive and file the Single Audit Report.

BACKGROUND
All non-federal entities that expend $750,000 or more of Federal awards in a fiscal year are subject to a single or program-specific audit conducted for that fiscal year. lt is intended to provide assurance to both the Federal and State Government that the City has adequate internal controls in place, and is generally in compliance with program requirements. Local governments are required to obtain an audit pursuant to the Federal Single Audit Act Amendments of 1996 and prepare a reporting package that is submitted to both the California State Controller's Office (SCO), which serves as the Single Audit oversight agency for most California local governments, and the Federal Audit Clearinghouse (FAC), which acts as an executive agent for the Office of Management and Budget.

The City expended $2.0 million in federal funds for Fiscal Year 2021-22 of which $1.6 million was subject to single audit requirement for COVID-19 Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds.

DISCUSSION
The Single Audit Report was completed by Moss, Levy & Hartzheim LLP (MLH) and the results of their auditing procedures identified zero instances of noncompliance. The Single Audit was completed in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America; the standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States; and the audit requirements of Title 2 U.S. Code of Federal Regulations Part 200, Uniform Single Audit Report for the Fiscal year Ended June 30,2022 April10,2023
Page2
Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (Uniform Guidance). These standards require that MLH plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether noncompiiance witn the grant requirements could have a direct and material effect on a majoifederal program.-Witn that assurance being attained following the audit, MLH has issued an unmodifi6d opinion.

The City met with the Finance Committee to review the Single Audit Report for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30,2022 during the April 4,2023 Financi/Budget Committee Meeting.

FINANCIAL AND RISK MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
There is no budget impact as a result of this action

PRINGIPAL PARTIES EXPECTED AT MEETING
There are no principal parties expected at the meeting.

ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A: Single Audit Report for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30,2022 Staff contact:

Gilbert Punsalan, Finance Manager
[email protected]; (805) 880-3406
Signature
Licette Maldonado, Administrative Finance Director
licettem@ca rp interiaca. oov; (80S) 7 SS-4448
Reviewed by:

Dave Durflinger, City Manager
[email protected]: (805) T SS-4400
G:\Admin Services\Staff Report\2023.04.10 - Single Audit Report for the Fiscal year Ended June 30, 2022.docx

CITY OF CARPINTERIA

CALIFORNIA
SlNGLE AUDIT REPORT
For the Fiscal Year Ended
June 30,2022

CIW OF CARPINTERIA

TABLE OF CONTENTS
For the Fiscal Year Ended June 3O 2022

SINGIE AUDIT REPORT
lndependent Auditors' Report on lnternal control over Financial Reporting and on Compliance and Other Matters Based on an Audit
of Financial Statements performed in Accordance with
Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards 2
lndependent Auditors' Report on Compliance for Each Major program and on lnternal Control Over Compliance Required by the Uniform Guidance... .............,...............4

FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Moss, Levy &Hartzheim LLP
C'ertified Public Acco unternts

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER

FINANCIAL REPORTING AND ON COMPLIANCE AND OTHER MATTERS

BASED ON AN AUDIT OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERFORMED
IN ACCORDANC E WTH GOYERNM E NT AU DITI N G STA,\'DARDS Honorable Mayor and City Council
City of Carpinteria
Carpinteria, California
We have audited, in accordance with the auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America and the standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Sfandards issued by the Comptroller General of the United States, the financial statements of the governmental activities, each major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of the City of Carpinteria (the City), as of and for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, and the related notes to the financial statements, which collectively comprise the City's basic financial statements, and have issued our report thereon dated February 16,2023.
lnternal Control Over Financial Reporting
ln planning and performing our audit of the financial statements, we considered the City's internal control over financial reporting (internal control) to determine the audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances for the purpose of expressing our opinions on the financial statements, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the City's internal control. Accordingly, we do not express an opinion on the effectiveness of the City's internal control.

A deficiency in internal controlexists when the design or operation of a control does not allow management or employees, in the normal course of performing their assigned functions, to prevent, or detect and correct, misstatements on a timely basis. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the entity's financial statements will not be prevented, or detected and corrected on a timely basis. A significant deficiency is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control that is less severe than a materialweakness, yet important enough to merit attention by those charged with governance.

Our consideration of internal control was for the limited purpose described in the first paragraph of this section and was not designed to identify all deficiencies in internal control that might be material weaknesses or, significant deficiencies. Given these limitations, during our audit we did not identiff any deficiencies in internal control that we consider to be material weaknesses. However, material weaknesses or significant deficiencies may exist that were not identified.

Report on Gompliance and Other Matters
As part of obtaining reasonable assurance about whether the City of Carpinteria's financial statements are free from material misstatement, we performed tests of its compliance with certain provisions of laws, regulations, contracts, and grant agreements, noncompliance with which could have a direct and material effect on the financial statements. However, providing an opinion on compliance with those provisions was not an objective of our audit, and accordingly, we do not express such an opinion. The results of our tests disclosed no instances of noncompliance or other matters that are required to be reported under Government Auditing Sfandards.

Purpose of this Report
The purpose of this report is solely to describe the scope of our testing of internal control and compliance and the results of that testing, and not to provide an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity's internal control or on compliance. This report is an integral part of an audit performed in accordance with Government Auditing Sfandards in considering the entity's internal control and compliance. Accordingly, this communication is not suitable for any other purpose.

Y/tu,,Q,y i /fr,q+*;* tc to
Santa Maria, California
February 16,2023
1 2400 Professional Parkway, Sulte 205 Santa Maria, CA 93455 Tel 805.925.2579 Fax 805,925.2147 mlhcpas,com N,FVFRI V I{II I ( . ..I II VFN
'ITV
. qANTA A/lAFIA

CITY OF CARPINTERIA

SCHEDULE OF EXPENDITURES OF FEDERAT AWARDS
For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, ZOZ2
Federal Grantor/Pass Through
Grantor/Program or Cluster
Tltle
U.S. Department of Homeland Securlty
Poss Through Colifurnio Qfice of Emergency Sevices
Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
Total U.5. Department of Homeland Security
U.S. Department of Tran$portation
Poss Through Stote of Collfornia Department ol Ttonsportdtion Highway and Bridge Project
Total Highway Planning
U,S. Department of Treasury
Dhect Assistonce
COVID-19 Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds Total U.5. Department of Treasury
Total Federal Expenditures
Federal
Catalog
Number

97.039

97.039

20.205
2t.027
Pass-Through Entity
Number
Federal
Expenditure
HMGP 4344-239-60
HMGP 4344-206-0s7
BPMPL-5397(010)
NA
$ 227,234
84,207
3L7,44t
1,60o,ggg
1,600,989
s 1,980,767
68,337
,.
68,337
* Denotes a majorfederal program.

The note to the schedule of expenditures offederal awards is an integral part ofthis statement. 2 CIW OF CARPINTERIA

NOTE TO THE SCHEDULE OF EXPENDITURES OF FEDERAL AWARDS
For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2022
NOTE 1- BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying schedule of expenditures of federal awards includes the federal grant activity of the City of Carpinteria and is presented on the modified accrual basis of accounting. The information in this schedule is presented in accordance with the requirements of Title 2 U.S. Code of Federdl Regulations (CFR) Part 200, Uniform Administrative Requlrements, Cost Principles for Federal Awards (lJntform Guidance). Therefore, some amounts presented in this schedule may differ from amounts presented in, or used in the preparation of, the basic financial statements. The City has not elected to use the ten percent de minimus cost rate as covered in Section 200,4L4lndirect (F&A) costs of Uniform Guidance. 3 Moss, Lery &Hartzheim LLP
Certified Pub lic Accountants

INDEPENDENTAUDITORS' REPORT ON COMPI,IANCE FOR EACH MAJOR PROGRAM AND ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER COMPTIANCE REqUIRED BYTHE UNIFORM GUIDANCE City Council
City of Carpinteria
Carpinteria, California
Report on Compliance for Each Major Federal program
We have audited City of Carpinteria's (the City) compliance with the types of compliance requirements described in the OMB Complionce Supplement that could have a direct and material effect on each of the City's major federal programs for the fiscal year ended June 30,2022. The City's major federal programs are identified in the summary of auditor,s results section of the accompanying schedule of audit findings and questioned costs.

Man agemen(s Res ponslbi lity
Management is responsible for compliance with federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of its federal awards applicable to its federal programs.

Au d i to rs' Re s po ns i b t I ity
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on compliance for each of the city's major federal programs based on our audit of the types of compliance requirements referred to above. We conducted our audit of compliance in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America; the standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States; and the audit requirements of Title 2 u-s' code of Federol Regulotions Part 200, untform Administrative Requirements, cost principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awords (Uniforn Guidance). Those standards and the Uniform Guidance require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether noncompliance with the types of compliance requirements referred to above that could have a direct and material effect on a major federal program occurred' An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence about the city's compliance with those requirements and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. we believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion on compliance for each major federal program.

However, our audit does not provide a legal determination of the city's compllance.

Opinion on Each Major Federal program
ln our opinion, City of Carpinteria complied, in all material respects, with the types of compliance requirements referred to above that could have a direct and material effect on each of its major federal programs for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.

Report on lnternal Control Over Compliance
Management of City of Carpinteria is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over compliance with the types of compliance requirements referred to above. ln planning and performing our audit of compliance, we considered the City's internal control over compliance with the types of iequirements that could have a direct and material effect on each major federal program to determine the auditing procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances for the purpose of expressing an opinion on compliance for each major federal program and to test and report on internal control over compliance in accordance with the Uniform Guidance, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of internal control over compliance. Accordingly, we do not express an opinion on the effectiveness of the city's internal control over compliance. 4 2400 Professional Parkway, Suite 205 Santa Maria, CA 93455 Tel 805.925.2579 Fax 805.925.2147 mlhcpas.com BEVERLY HILIS .CULVER CITY.SANTA MARIA
A deficiency ln internal control over compliance exists when the deslgn or operation of a control over compliance does not allow management or employees, in the normal course of performing their assigned functions, to prevent, or detect and correct, noncompliance with a type of compliance requirement of a federal program on a timely basis. A material weakness in internol control over complionce is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over compliance, such that there is a reasonable possibility that material noncompliance with a type of compliance requirement of a federal program will not be prevented, or detected and corrected, on a timely basis. A significant deflctency in internol contol over compliance is a deficiency, or a combinatlon of deficiencies, in internal control over compliance with a type of compliance requirement of a federal program that is less severe than a material weakness in internal control over compliance, yet important enough to merit attention by those charged with governance.

Our consideration of internal control over compliance was for the limited purpose described in the first paragraph of this section and was not designed to identify all deficiencies in internal control over compliance that might be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies. We did not identify any deficiencies in internal control over compliance that we consider to be material weaknesses. However, material weaknesses may exist that have not been identified.

The purpose of this report on internal control over compliance is solely to describe the scope of our testing of internal control over compliance and the results of that testing based on the requirements of the Uniform Guidance.

Accordingly, this report is not suitable for any other purpose.

Report on Schedule of Expenditure of Federal Awards Required bythe Uniform Guldance We have audited the financial statements of the governmental activities, business-type activities, each major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of the City of Carpinteria, as of and for the fiscal year ended June 30,2022, and the related notes to the financial statements which collectively comprise the City of Carpinteria's basic financial statements. We issued our report thereon February t6,2023, which contained unmodified opinions on those financial statements. Our audit was conducted for the purpose of forming opinions on the financial statements that collectively comprised the basic financial statements. The accompanying schedule of expenditures of federal awards is presented for purposes of additional analysis as required by the Unfiorm Guidance and is not a required part of the basic financial statements. Such information is the responsibility of management and was derived from and relates directly to the underlying accounting and other records used to prepare the basic financial statements. The information has been subjected to the auditing procedures applied in the audit ofthe financial statements and certain additional procedures, including comparing and reconciling such information directly to the underlying accounting and other records used to prepare the basic financial statements or the basic financial statements themselves, and other additional procedures in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. ln our opinion, the schedule of expenditures of federal awards is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the basic financial statements as a whole.
'fl/eaa, /2 a./fuyu.an zzP
Santa Maria, California
February L6,2023
5 FINDINGS AND RECOMMEN DATIONS

CIW OF CARPINTERIA
SCHEDULE OF AUDIT FINDINGS AND qUESTIONED COSTS
For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2022
Section I - Summary of Auditors' Results
Financiol Stdtements
Type of auditors' report issued
lnternal control over financial reporting:

Material weaknesses identifi ed?
Significant deficiencies identified not considered
to be material weaknesses?
Noncompliance material to financial statements noted?
Federal Awards
lnternal control over major programs:

Material weaknesses identified?
Significant deficiencies identified not considered
to be material weaknesses?
Type of auditors' report issued on compliance for major proSrams:

Any audit findings disclosed that are required to be
reported in accordance with the Uniform Guidance,
Section 200.516
ldentification of major programs:

CFDA Number(s)
2!.027
Dollar threshold used to distinguish between Type A
and Type B programs:

Auditee qualify as low-risk auditee:

Yes No
Yes None rePorted
Unmodified
Yes No
Namrr of Federal m nr Clr rctpr
Coronaylrus State and Local Recoverv Funds
s 7s0.000
Yes XNo
Unmodified
Yes
Yes X
Yes
No
None reported
No
5 CITY OF CARPINTERIA

SCHEDULE OF AUDIT FINDINGS AND QUESTIONED COSTS
For the Fiscal Year Ended June J0,2022
Section ll - Financial Statement Findings
There were no financial statement findings.
7 CIW OF CARPINTERIA

SCHEDUTE OF AUDIT FINDINGS AND QUESTIONED COSTS
For the Fiscal Year Ended June 3Q 2022
Sectlon lll - Federal Award Findlngs and Questloned Costs There were no federal award findings or questioned costs.

I

CIW OF CARPINTERIA

SUMMARY OF PRIOR FISCAL YEAR AUDIT FINDINGS AND QUESTIONED COSTS For the Fiscal Year Ended Junel0,2AZ2
There were no prior fiscal year financial statement or federal award audit findings or questioned costs, 9 City of Carpintena
I
Gour.rcu- Aceruoe Srarr Reponr
April 10,2023

ITEM FOR COUNCIL CONSIDERATION
Adoption of the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update and Amendment to the Safety Element of the City's General Plan to incorporate by reference the City's 2022 Hazard Mitigation Plan, pursuant to Government Code Sections 8685.9, and 65302.6.

STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Adopt Resolution No. 6221, adopting the 2022 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan as an annex to the Santa Barbara County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP) and approving an amendment to the General Plan Safety Element to incorporate by reference the City's 2022 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, pursuant to Government Code Sections 8685.9, and 65302.6.

Sample Motion: I move to adopt Resolution No. 6221, as read by title only, adopting the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan and approving an amendment to the General Plan Safety Element to incorporate by reference the City's 2022 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, pursuant to Government Code Sections 8685.9, and 65302.6.

BACKGROUND
The City of Carpinteria Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP) is a comprehensive document that evaluates natural, technological, and human-caused hazards and disaster impacts on the public and local government. lt also identifies resources and capabilities and proposes mitigation actions or projects to reduce future impacts. The LHMP assists emergency management staff with response planning, exercise development, public education, awareness programs, and other emergency management functions, The City of Carpinteria LHMP, which was last updated in July 2017, is also an annex to the Santa Barbara County MJHMP. The LHMP can be found on the City's website under the Local lnfo / Emergency Preparedness tabs.

In accordance with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Local Mitigation Planning Handbook (2013), a jurisdiction must update the LHMP every five years to be eligible to apply for FEMA post-disaster funding. Public Law 106-390, Section 322, commonly known as the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000), and Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Adoption 2022
April 10,2023

the associated lnterim Final Rule,44 CFR Parts 201 and 206, published in the Federal Register on February 26,2002, establishes planning and funding criteria for states and local communities.

On July 20,2019, the City's California Office of Emergency Services (CalOES) Hazard Mitigation Grants Program application for the LHMP update project was approved and the City was awarded $84,437.25 of federal funds. A Consultani Services'Agreement between the City of Carpinteria and Wood Environment & lnfrastructure SolJtions, lnc., is in place for preparation of the City of Carpinteria LHMp.

On fgbruary 1,2022, the City held a virtual public workshop on the LHMP. The Draft LHMP/Annex Update to Santa Barbara County MJHMP document was informed by public input and has been availabb on the City's website since July 2022. On August 9th,2022, the City Council received a report and nad the opportuniiy to provide feedback on the Draft document prior to the submittal to CaiOeS anO f EUR tor approval.

The enhancements and updates to the City's 2017 LHMP include new information resulting from the December 2017 Thomas Fire and subsequent debris flows in January 2018, the ongoing worldwide pandemic beginning in 2020, and sea level rise and associated coastal hazards identified within the 2019 Sea Level Rise Vulnerability.

Assessment and Adaptation Plan. This new information will also be integrated int,o the pending update of the City's Safety Element.

The LHMP includes a Hazard Profile for each of the following 23 hazards in order of their prioritization by the City's Local Planning Team, which consisted of representatives of Public Works, Community Development and General Government Departments. . Cyber Threat
o Natural Gas Pipeline Rupture
o Oil Spill
r Train Accident
o Landslide
c Hazardous Materials Release
o Geologic Hazards
o Windstorm
o Civil Disturbance
. Terrorism
o lnvasive Species
. Agricultural Pests
The LHMP also includes an updated Status List of previous mitigation actions, as well as a detailed section on Mitigation lmplementation for each mitigation item as identified by the City's Local Planning Team
Flood
Mudflow & Debris Flow
Earthquake & Liquefaction
Coastal Hazards
Pandemic/Public Health
Emergency
Energy Shortage & Resiliency
Drought Water Shortage
Extreme HeaUFreeze
Dam Failure
Wildfire
Tsunami
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April 10,2023

Assembly Bill (AB) 2140, passed in 2006, provides the City with the authority to adopt the LHMP by reference as part of the Safety Element of the General Plan. By doing so, the City becomes eligible for additional funding from CaIOES under the California Disaster Assistance Act. Absent adoption of the LHMP into the Safety Element, maximum state funding from the CaIOES is limited to 75o/o of the total cost of mitigation for qualifying events (Government Code Section 8685.9).

DISCUSSION
The MJHMP and the City's LHMP have been reviewed and approved by CaIOES and were conditionally approved by FEMA on March 23,2023.

The LHMP, as approved by FEMA, makes the City eligible for FEMA Pre-Disaster Mitigation and Hazard Mitigation Grant programs. Once the updated LHMP is adopted, the City will continue to participate in the MJHMP's Mitigation Advisory Committee to implement and maintain the LHMP, as described in Section 8.0, Plan Maintenance of the LHMP.

Compliance with AB 2140 requires the approved LHMP to be incorporated into the Safety Element of the General Plan either by reference or directly in accordance with California Government Code Sections 8685.9 and 65302.6. With the adoption of the LHMP, the LHMP will be incorporated by reference by amending only the Safety Element of the General Plan. No General Plan policies would be modified as part of this General Plan Amendment. The amendment would not amend the City's Local Coastal Program. Further, the LHMP will be incorporated into the updated Safety Element as part of the General Plan/Coastal Land Use Plan (GP/CLUP) update currently underway.

The expected completion date and related grant period of June 20,2022, has been extended until April 2,2024, to allow for the necessary work of the GP/CLUP update so that the LHMP can be incorporated into the Safety Element and to allow for grant closeout.

POLICY CONSISTENGY
The LHMP update is consistent with the City's interest in establishing and maintaining up-to-date and legally compliant policies and regulations. Public Law 106-390, Section 322, commonly known as the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000), and the associated lnterim Final Rule, 44 CFR Parts 201 and 206, published in the Federal Register on February 26,2002, establishes planning and funding criteria for states and local communities. An updated LHMP supports the City's Emergency Preparedness/Response program and positions it for reimbursement of related costs in the event of an emergency declaration.

FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS
The City has been awarded $84,437.25 in federal grant funds for this Program. Wood Environment & lnfrastructure Solutions has provided a cost estimate of $74,064 for the C:\Users\Brian\AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.Office.Desktop_Swekyb3dSbbwe\AC\lNetCa che\Content. Outlook\4N57YG U E\Staff Report - LH M P Adoption 2023 (002). docx i
l
Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Adoption 2022
April 10,2023

scope of work. Consultant costs for this project is eligible for reimbursement. ln addition, $10,373 of federal funds are remaining for reimbursement of City staff tabor or direct costs related to this project. No changes are expected in cost.

Adoption of the LHMP makes the City eligible for FEMA Pre-Disaster Mitigation and Hazard Mitigation Grant programs. Amending the General Plan to incorporate the LHMP by reference makes the City eligible for a post-disaster financial incentive that authorizes the state to use available California Disaster Assistance Act funds to cover local shares of the 25o/o non-federal portion of grant-funded post-disaster projects when approved by the legislature (Gov. Code S 8685.9). ln the event of disaster-reiated expenses being incurred by the City, state and federal disaster funding will be limited to 75% of total state-eligible costs if the LHMP has not been incorporateO Uy reference into the Safety Element of the General Plan pursuant to Government Code Sections 8685.g, and 65302.6.

LEGAL AND RISK MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
The City has an interest and obligation to comply with state and federal laws concerning emergency planning and preparedness. The city's HMp responds to FEMA requirements that local governments provide and maintain an HMp. lf the City of Carpinteria chooses not to approve the amendment to the General plan Safety Element, it would impact the percentage of participation that the state and federal government may allocate to the City for disaster recovery Local Assistance funds. The City's General Plan / Local Coastal Plan (GP/CP) is a combined document, meeting legal requirements under the Government Code and the California Coastal Act for long range planning. The proposed amendment is for the General plan portion of the GP/CP and would not affect the Local Coastal plan.

Adopting the LHMP and amending the General Plan to incorporate the LHMp by reference into the Safety Element will result in no Potentially Significant lmpacts on the environment as the LHMP will act as a guidebook for hazard mfuigation strategies but does not implement any specific project, action, or funding. Accoidingly, these actions are exempt from environmental review as required by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) through the use of the "General Rule", Section 15061(bX3) of the CEQA Guidelines that is applied to proposals that will have no potential impact upon the environment. The activity is covered by the common sense exemption that CEeA applies only to projects which have the potential for causing a significant effect on the environment, as it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment.

OPTIONS

1. Adopt Resolution No.6221, approving the updated Local Hazard Mitigation plan (staff recom mend ation)

2. Direct changes to the draft LHMp.

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April 10,2023

PRINCIPAL PARTIES EXPECTED AT MEETING
WSP (formerly Wood Environment & lnfrastructure Solutions, Inc.), consultant team

ATTACHMENTS
A. Resolution No.6221
Staff contact: Olivia Uribe Mutal, Program Manager
(805) 755-4401 / [email protected] }bra -Untt /r'1"/ Signature
Reviewed by: Dave Durflinger, City Manager
(805) 7 55-4400, [email protected]
C:\Users\Brian\AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3dSbbwe\AC\lNetCa che\Content. Outlook\4Ns7Yc U E\Staff Report - LH M P Adoption 2023 (002). docx

ATTACHMENT A
RESOLUTION NO. 6221

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARPINTERIA APPROVING AND ADOPTING THE 2022 HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE

CITY OF CARPINTERIA, PURSUANT TO THE DISASTER MITIGATION ACT OF 2000
WHEREAS, the Federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, as described in 44 CFR Section 201.6 mandates local governments to submit and maintain a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) approved local hazard mitigation plan; and WHEREAS, the City of Carpinteria has participated in a county-wide multijurisdictional planning process with Santa Barbara County as the lead agency; and WHEREAS, the City of Carpinteria sought and received a grant from the California Office of Emergency Services for an in-depth update; and WHEREAS, the City formed a team of department representatives and held a public forum in order to identify and prioritize local hazards; and WHEREAS, the draft LHMP has been available for public review on the City's website since July 2022; and
WHEREAS, the City Council held a public meeting on August 8,2022 to review and comment on the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP) draft; and WHEREAS, the LHMP identifies the City's risk assessment and mitigation strategies to reduce the impacts of natural disasters on the public and local government; and
WHEREAS, identification of hazards in the City assists with response planning, exercise development, public education, and awareness, and other emergency management functions; and
WHEREAS, this Resolution enables the City of Carpinteria to qualify for additional mitigation funding after a disaster; and
WHEREAS, in 2006, the state adopted Assembly Bill (AB) 2140 which added provisions specifying what is to be included in a LHMP and requiring a linkage between a local jurisdiction's LHMP and the Safety Element of their General Plan; and WHEREAS, AB 2140 provides the City the authority to adopt by reference the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan as part of the Safety Element of its General Plan and by doing so, become eligible for additionalfunding from the California Office of Emergency Services under the California Disaster Assistance Act, and Resolution No.6221
Page2
WHEREAS, the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan will be incorporated into the 2OO3 Safety Element of the General Plan by reference amending onry the General plan without creating a Local Coastal Plan Amendment; and
WHEREAS, the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan will be incorporated into the Safety Element of the General Plan with the next Safety Element update, in accordance with California Government Code Sections 8685.9, and 65302.6; and WHEREAS, adopting the LHMP and amending the General Plan to incorporate the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan by reference is exempt from environmental review pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEOA) through the use of the "General Rule" Section 15061(bX3) of the CEQA Guidelines as thele actions will have no potential adverse impact upon the environment because the LHMP will act a guidebook for hazard mitigation strategies but does not implement any specific project, action, or funding; and
WHEREAS, The Federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 requires the Local \9zard Mitigation Plan to be formally adopted by the City Council and provided to FEMA for formal approval.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE tT RESOLVED as foilows:

SECTION 1. The above recitals are true and correct.

SECTION 2. The City Council approves and adopts lhe2022 update to the City of Carpinteria Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (attached hereto as Exhibit 1) in accordance with the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000.

SECTION 3. The City Council resolves to incorporate the updated Local Hazard Mitigation Plan by reference into the Safety Element of the General Plan without creating a Local Coastal Plan Amendment.

SECTION 4. The City Council resolves to incorporate the updated Local Hazard Mitigation Plan by reference into the Safety Element of the General Plan with the next Safety Element update in accordance with the requirements of Government Code Sections 8685.9, 65302, and 65302.6.

SECTION 5. This Resolution is effective upon its adoption PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED on the 1Oth day of April 2023, by the following vote:

Resolution No. 6221

AYES
NOES
ABSENT:

ABSTAIN:
coUNcTLMEMBER(S):
coUNcTLMEMBER(S):
coUNcTLMEMBER(S):
couNcTLMEMBER(S):

Mayor, City of Carpinteria
ATTEST
Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC
City Clerk, City of Carpinteria
I hereby certify that the foregoing resolution was adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Carpinteria held on April 1 0,2023.

Brian C. Barrett, CMC, CPMC
City Clerk, City of Carpinteria

APPROVED AS TO FORM
Jena Shoaf Acos, on behalf of Brownstein
Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP acting as
City Attorney of the City of Carpinteria
EXHIBIT 1 TO RESOLUTION NO. 6221
City of Corpinterio
locql Hqzqrd Mitigqtion Plqn
An Annex lo the Sqntq Bqrboro County
Multi-Jurisdictionql Hqzqrd Mitigotion Plqn
Februqry 2023
This Poge lntentionolly Left Blonk
I
2 6
6 7
8 I

1.0 2.O

3.0 Toble of Conlent
Plon Purpose ond Aulhority....

3.2 Mitigotion Advisory Committee (MAC).........

3.2.1 Locol Plonning Teom (LPT)............

3.2.2 Public Outreoch ond Engogement............

4.1 Geogrophy ond Climote .........1 1
4,2 Populotion ond Demogrophics........ ............12

4.5.1 Tronsportotion............... ...................1 5

4.5.2 Electricity ond Noturol Gos........... .....................19

4.5.3 Woter Supply .............19

4.6 Schools 20

4.7 Administrqtive ond Technicol Copobi|ities................... .......................21 4,7,1 Governqnce .................21
4,7.2 Chy Administrotion ....................,.....22

4.7.3 Police Deportment ......23

4.7.4 Fire Deportment............ ...................24

4.7.5 Community Development Deportment................. ..................25

4.7.6 Public Works Deportment .......,......26

4.7.7 Porks ond Recreotion Deportment ............,.......27

4.8 Fiscol Mitigotion Copobilities............ .........-27

4.9 Educqtion qnd Outreoch Copobilities............... ..............28

4.10 Legol ond Regulotory Copobilities............ .....................29

4.10.1 City of Corpinterio Generol P1on............ .........30

4.1O.2 City of Corpinterio Emergency Operotions P|on............. ........................32

4.10.3 City of Corpinterio Strotegic Energy P|on............ ...............34

4.1O.4 City of Corpinterio Wotershed Monogement Ordinonce...........................................34

4.10.5 City of Corpinterio Seo Level Rise Vulnerobility Assessment ond Adoptotion P1on............. ..................35

4.1O.6 Corpinterio-Summerlqnd Fire Protection Moster Plon 20'l 2 - 2022.......................36

4.10.7 Notionol Flood lnsuronce Progrom ....................36

4.11 Opportunities for Mitigotion Copobility lmprovements.......... .....,.,.37

5.2 Hozord Assessment. ..................38

5.2.1 Hozord ldentif icotion................... ........................38

5.2.2 Hozord Screening/Prioritizotion .......................39 5,2.3 Approoch ond Methodology.......... ....................4'l

5.3 Hozord Profiles....... ..................42

5.3.1 F1ood.......... ..-.........-......42

5.3.2 Mudflow & Debris F1ow............. 50

5.3.3 5.3.4

5.3.5 5.3.6
Eorthquoke & Liquefoction............... ..................54 Coostol Hozords..... .............,...........57
Pondemic/Public Heolth Emergency. ................66
Energy Shortoge & Resiliency .......71
City of Corpinterio Locql Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sqnto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon

5.3.7 5.3.8

5.3.9 5.3.10

5.3.1 r

5.3.'r2

5.3.r 3

5.3.'t4

5.3.r 5

5.3.',r6

5.3.17 5.3.18

5.3.r 9
116
il8
r19
123
125
125
126
126
127

5.3.20 Civil Disturbonce............

5.3.2,l Terrorism....

5.3.22 lnvosive Species.......

5.3.23 Agriculturol Pests............

6.0 Vulnerobilities Assessment..................

6.1 Purpose &Merhodology............

6.1.1 Approoch to Eorthquoke Vulnerobility Assessment...............

6.1.2 Approoch to Flood Vulnerobility Assessment...................

6.1.3 Approoch to Anolysis of Exposure of Criticol Focilities to Hozords.

7.O
il Februory 2023

1.0. lnlroduction

7.2 Stotus of Previous Mitigotion Actions........ ................... I Z8

7.3 Prioritizotion Process .............180

7.4 Mitigotion lmplementotion Plon ...............'l8l

8.1 Monitoring, Evoluoting, ond Updoting the P1on............. .................200

8.2 lmplementotion through Existing Plons ond Progroms... ................200

8.3 Ongoing Public Outreqch ond Engogement............ ...201

8.4 Poini of Contoct....... ...............201
List of Figures
Figure 4- 1 .

Figvre 4-2.

Figure 5-1.

Figure 5-2.

Figure 5-3.

Figure 5-4.

Figure 5-5.

Figure 5-6.

Figure 5-7.

Figure 5-8.

Figure 5-9.

Figure 5- I 0
Figure 5-l I
Figure 5-12
Figure 5-13
Figure 6-1.

Figure 6-2.

Figure 6-3.

Figure 6-4.

Figure 6-5.

Figure 6-6.

Figure 6-7.

Figure 6-8.

Figure 6-9.

Figure 6-10.

Figure 6-l l.

Figure 6-12.

Figure 6-13.

Figure 6- 1 4.

City of Corpinterio Lond Use Mop............ ................13 City of Corpinterio Evocuotion Routes ......................18 City of Corpinterio FEMA Flood Ho2ords............... ......................49 Debris Flow Risk in the City of Corpinterio............... ....................51 City of Corpinterio Liquefoction Severity ................56 City of Corpinterio Seo Level Rise Proiections Tidol lnundotions: No Flood Event..........61 City of Corpinterio Seo Level Rise Proiections Tidol lnundotions: 100 Yeor Flood City of Corpinterio Dom lnundqtion............. .............83 Sonto Borboro County Fire Hozord Severity 2ones.......... .........88 Wildlond-Urbon lnterfqce (WUl)..... ..........................89 Wildfire Threot......... ...........90
City of Corpinterio Tsunomi Hozord Areo........... .........................95 Nqturql Gos Pipeline in the City of Corpinterio ..........................99 €ity of Corpinterio Deep-Seoted Londslide Susceptibility................... .......107 Hozqrdous Sites (Envirostor/Geotrocker) within the City of Corpinterio....................... 109 City of Corpinterio Red Mountoin Foult 7.4 Mognitude ShokeMop.............................. 132 City of Corpinterio 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio Totol Building 1oss................... 134 City of Corpinterio Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio Totol Building loss........ 135 City of Corpinterio Criticol Focilities in FEMA Flood Hozord Zones .......... 145 Debris Flow Storm lmpoct Considerotion ond Criticol Fqcilities..... .............147 City of Corpinterio Criticol Focilities within Liquefoction Severity 2ones....................... 150 City of Corpinterio Criticol Focilities ond Seo Level Rise Proiections Tidol lnundotions: No Flood Event........... .........i........... ..... 153 City of Corpinterio Criticol Focilities ond Seo Level Rise Proiections Tidol lnundotions: 100-Yeor Flood Event ....154
City of Corpinterio Criticol Focilities ond Dom Foilure lnundolion Areos....................... l6l Criticol Focilities in Fire Hozord Severity 2ones.......... .............. 164 Criticol Focilities in Wildlqnd Urbon lnterfoce (WUl) .............. 165 Criticol Focilities in Fire Threot 2ones.......... ...........166 City of Corpinterio Criticol Focilities ond Tsunomi lnundotion Areos............................... 168 City of Corpinterio Criticol Fqcilities ond Londslide lncidence ................,...172 City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon ilt
lisl of Tqbles
Toble 3- l .

Toble 3-2.

Toble 3-3.

Toble 4-1.

Toble 4-2.

Mitigotion Advisory Commiilee (MAC) Meeting
City of Corpinterio Locol Plonning Ieom 2022
s Summory.

Summory of Potentiol lmpocts to Criticol Focilities.....

Expected Building Domoge by Occuponcy - 2,500-yeor probobilistic Scenorio.......

Expected Building Domoge by occuponcy - Red Mountoin Foult shokeMop Scenorio.....

Expected Potoble Woter ond Electric Power System performonce - 2,500-yeor
Probobilistic Sceno rio.....

Expected Potoble Wqter ond Electric Power system performonce - Red
Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio................

Shelter Requirements.................

Cosuolty Estimotes - 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio ..................

Cosuolty Estimotes - Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio................

Economic Losses (Millions of Dollors)..
2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio Lifeline System Losses - Tronsportotion ond Utiliry (Millions of Dollors)..

Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio Lifeline System Losses - Tronsportotion ond Utility (Millions of Dollors)
Expected Domoge to Criticol Focilities - 2,500-yeor probobilistic Scenorio...............

Expected Domoge to Criticol Focilities - Red Mountoin Fqult ShokeMop Scenorio...

City of Corpinterio FEMA Floodploin Exposure ond 1oss............. 7 I
Toble 5-1.

Toble 5-2.

Toble 5-3.

Toble 5-4.

Toble 5-5
Toble 5-6.

Toble 5-7.

Toble 5-8.

Toble 5-9.

Toble 6-2.

Toble 6-2.

Toble 6-3.

Toble 6-4.

Toble 6-5.

Locol Plonning Teom Activity Summory.... ...................9 Tronsit Routes Serving the City of Corpinteriq................ .............16 city of corpinterio copobility summory of Relevont prons, ordinonces, ond Progroms.... t 9
Hozord Screening ond Ronking .............39
Hozord Priority in the City of Corpinterio............... .....................41 Richter Sco1e........... ..............54
Proiected Stote ond Locol Seo Level Rise Scenorios (inches) 65 Woter Shortoge Stoges qnd Gools. .........................77 Sonto Borboro County Doms Thot lmpoct
Moior Wildfires in Sonto Borboro County
the City of Corpinterio 82
86 Common lnvosive Plont Species in Sonto Borboro County Common lnvosive Plont Species in Sonto Borboro County ...............:.........

City of Corpinterio Community lnformotion System Policies in Force by Flood Zone..

City of Corpinterio Criticol Focilities 1ist............... 122
122
127
128
Toble 6-6.

Toble 6-2.

Toble 6-8.

Toble 6-9.

Toble 6-10.

Toble 6-l l.

Toble 6-12.

Toble 6-.l3.

Toble 6-'14.

Toble 6-15.

Toble 6-,l6.

Toble 6-17.

Toble 6-18.

Toble 6-19.

Toble 6-20.

Toble 6-21 .

Tsble 6-22.

Toble 6-23.

Toble 6-24.

Toble 6-25.

Toble 6-26.

Toble 6-27.

Toble 7-1.
r30
r33
133
r36
'r36
137
137
138
139
140
140
141
141
143
city of corpinterio criticol Focilities or Risk to Flood Hozord....... ............. '143
city of corpinterio criticol Focilities in High Liquefoction 2ones........... .....14g City of Corpinterio ot Risk to rhe 2030 ond 2060 Seo Level Rise Ho2ord.................. 152 City of Corpinterio Porcels qt Risk to Seo Level Rise Hozord in SLRVAAP by Lond city of corpinterio criticol Fociliries or Risk to seo Level Rise... ................ 155 City of Corpinterio ot Risk to Dom lnundotion Hozord ........... 160 City of Corpinterio Criticol Fqcilities ot Risk ro Dom lnundotion Ho2ord....................... .l62 City of Corpinterio Fire Threot. ..........162
city of corpinterio criticol Focilities in Tsunomi lnundotion 2one............ .,.167 City of Corpinterio ot Risk to Londslide Hozord ..........,...........171 City of Corpinterio Criticol Focilities in Londslide Zones.......... .................... I Zl Stotus of Previous Mitigotion Actions........ ..............17g tv Februory 2023
Chopter I .0. lntroduclion
I.O INTRODUCTION
Noturol ond humon-coused disosters con leod to deoth, iniury, property domoge, ond interruption of business ond government services. When they occur, the time, money. ond effort to respond to ond recover from these disosters divert public resources ond oltention from other importont progroms ond problems.

However, the impoct of foreseeoble yet often unpredicfqble nolurol ond humon-coused events con be reduced through mitigotion plonning. History demonstroled thot it is less expensive to mitigote disoster domoge thon to repeotedly repoir domoge in the oftermoth. A mitigolion plon stotes the ospirotions ond specific courses of oction iurisdictions intend to follow to reduce vulnerobility ond exposure to future hozord events.

The City of Corpinterio (City) recognizes the consequences of disosters ond the need to reduce the impocts of oll hozords, nolurol ond humon-coused. The City's 2Q22 Locol Hozqrd Mitigotion Plon (LHMP) updote tiers from ond refines the County of Sonto Borboro (County) 2Q22 MultiJurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon (MJHMP) Updote in order to comprehensively identify, evoluote, ond mitigote the known hozords thot lhe City moy foce.

The LHMP wos lost comprehensively updoted in 2017 os on onnex to the 2017 MJHMP. Since 2017, the City hos:
lncorporoted the LHMP gools, obiectives, ond mitigotion octions into its locol plons ond processes, including the Generql Plon Sofety Element by reference ond specific hozord plonning efforts (e.g., Generol Plon/Coostol Lond Use Plon Updote, Seo Level Rise Vulnerobility Assessmenl ond Adoptotion Plon).

Used the LHMP's ossessment of copobilities, hozords, ond vulnerobilities to inform plonning, copitol improvements, progroms, decision-mokers, ond the public. lmplemented mitigotion octions through the City's generol plon, copitol improvement progrom, mointenonce progroms, gront progromming, community outreoch, ond budget process.

Reviewed ond evqluoted mitigotion octions before ond ofter disosters, including the Thomos Fire ond Montecito debris flow.
a
a
o
The 2Q22 MJHMP Updote wos prepored ond formulqted with inpul ond coordinotion from eoch of the eight incorporoted cities, six speciol districts, the County, citizen porticipotion, responsible officiols, ond support from the Stote of Colifornio Governor's Office of Emergency Services (Col OES) ond the Federol Emergency Monogement Agency (FEMA). The process to updote the MJHMP included over o yeor of coordinqtion with representotives from oll porticipoting ogencies ond County representotives which comprised the Mitigotion Advisory Committee (MAC) (described further in Section 3.2 below). The City is o porticipoting ogency in the County's 2022 MJHMP Updote.

The City's LHMP is used by locol emergency monogement teqms, decision-mokers, ond ogency stoff to implement needed mitigotion to oddress known hozords. The LHMP con olso be used os o tool for qll stokeholders to increose community oworeness of locol hozords ond risks ond provide informotion obout options ond resources ovoiloble to reduce those risks. lnforming ond educoting City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon Overyiew
the public obout potentiol hozords helps oll county residents ond visitors protect themselves ogoinst their effects.

Risk ossessments were performed in order to identify ond evoluote nolurol ond humon-coused hozords thot could negotively impoct the Corpinterio community. The LHMP describes historicol hozord events, the future probobility of these hozords, ond their impoct on the Corpinterio community. Vulnerobility ossessments summorize the identified hozords' impoct on criticol inf rostructure, populotions, ond future development. Estimqtes of potentiol dollor losses to vulneroble structures ore presented. The risk qnd vulnerobility ossessments were used to determine mitigotion gools ond obiectives to minimize neor-term ond long-term vulnerobilities to the identified hozords. These gools ond obiectives qre lhe foundotion for o comprehensive ronge of specific ottoinoble mitigotion octions (see Chopter 8).

2.O PIAN PURPOSE AND AUTHORITY
Federol legislotion historicolly provided funding for disoster preporedness, response, recovery, ond mitigotion. The Disoster Mitigotion Act (DMA) of 2000, qlso commonly known os "The 2OOO Stofford Act Amendmentsr" constitutes on effort by the Federol government to reduce the rising cost of disosters. The legislotion reinforces the importonce of mitigotion plonning ond emphosizes plonning for disqsters before they occur.

Section 322 of the DMA requires locol governments to develop ond submit mitigotion plons to quolify for the Federol Emergency Monogement Agency (FEMA) Hqzord Mitigorion Gronf Progrom (HMGP) funds. The 2022 Multi-Jurisdictionol Hqzord Mitigotion Plon (MJHMP) is written ro meet rhe stotutory requirements of DMA 2000 (Public Low 106-390), enocted October 30, 2000, ond 44 Code of Federol Regulotions (CFR) Port 2O1 - Mitigotion Plonning, lnterim Finol Rule, published Februory 26, 2OO2. The Hozord Mitigotion Assistonce gronts include the HMGP, Pre-Disoster Mitigotion progrom, ond the Flood Mitigotion Assistonce (FMA) progrom. Additionol FEMA mitigotion funds include the HMGP Post Fire funding ossocioted with Fire Monogement Assistonce Gront declorotions ond the Building Resilient lnfrostructure ond Communities funding ossocioted with the 2018 Disoster Recovery Reform Act.

DMA 2000 specificolly oddresses mitigotion plonning ot the stqte ond locol levels. lt identifies requirements thot ollow HMGP funds to be used for plonning octivities ond increoses the omount of HMGP funds ovoiloble to stotes thot hove developed o comprehensive, enhonced mitigotion plon before o disoster. Stote, county, ond locol iurisdictions must hove on opproved mitigotion plon in ploce before receiving post-disoster HMGP funds. These mitigotion plons must demonstrote thot their proposed proiects ore bosed on o sound plonning process thot occounls for the risk to ond the copobilities of the individuql communities.

Locol governments hove certoin responsibilities for implementing Section 322, including:
o Preporing ond submitting o locol mitigotion plon;
o Reviewing ond updoting the plon every five yeors; ond o Monitoring mitigotion octions ond proiects.

To focilitote implementotion of the DMA 2000, FEMA creoted on lnterim Finol Rule (the Rule), published in the Federol Register in Februory of 2OO2 ot section 20l of 44 CFR. The Rule spells out 2 Februory 2023
Chopler 2.0. Plon Purpose ond Authorily
the mitigotion plonning criterio for stotes ond locol communilies. Specific requirements for locol mitigotion plonning efforts ore outlined in section $201.6 of the Rule. ln Morch 2013, FEMA releosed The Locol Mitigotion Plonning Hondbook (Hondbook) os the officiol guide for locol governments to develop, updofe ond implement locol mitigotion plons. The Hondbook complements ond references the October 201 I FEMA Locol Mitigotion Plon Review Guide (Guide) to help "Federol ond Stote officiols ossess Locol Mitigotion Plons in o foir ond consistent monner." Locol iurisdictions must demonstrote thot proposed mitigotion octions ore bosed upon o sound plonning process thot occounts for the inherent risk ond copobilities of the individuol communities qs stoted in section $201.5 of the Rule. Throughout the 2022 vpdote of the Plon, the Hondbook ond Guide were consulted to ensure thoroughness, diligence, ond complionce with the DMA 2000 plonning requirements.

DMA 2000 is intended to focilitqte cooperotion between stote qnd locol quthorities, prompting them to work together. lt encouroges ond rewords locol ond stote pre-disoster plonning ond promotes sustoinobility os o strotegy for disoster resistonce. This enhonced plonning network is intended to enoble locol ond stote governments to qrticulote occurote needs for mitigotion, resulting in o foster ollocotion of funding ond more effective risk reduction proiects. As such, the Locol Hozqrd Mitigotion Plon (LHMP) wos prepored os on onnex to the County's MHHMP.

The following poges show the resolutions thot odopt the City's 2022 LHMP.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 3 Overview
lrNsERT CtTy RESOLUTTON(S) ADOpTtNG pLAN UPDATEI
4 Februory 2023
Chopler 2.0. Plon Purpose and Authorily
ltNsERT Crry RESOLUTTON(S) ADOPTNG PLAN UPDATEI
City of Corpinterio Locql Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sqnto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 5 Overyiew
",]
l

3.0 PTANNING PROCESS

3.I OVERVIEW
The plonning process implemented for the County's 2022 Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon (MJHMP) Updote, including the City's Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon (LHMP) updore, utilized two different plonning teoms to review progress, inform ond guide fte updote, ond directly review ond prepore portions of the plon, including eoch iurisdictionol onnex. The first teom is the Mitigotion Advisory Committee (MAc), ond the second is the Locol plonning Teom (LpT).

All eight incorporoted cities ond the six speciol districts ioined the County os porticipoting ogencies in the preporotion of the 2022 MJHMP Updote, including cities of Buellton, Corpinterio, Goleto, Guodolupe, Lompoc, Sonto Borboro, Sonto Morio, ond Solvong; ond speciol districts Cochumo Operotion ond Mointenonce Boord, Corpinterio Volley Woter District (CVWD), Goleto Woter District, Montecito Fire Protection District, Montecito Woter District, ond Sonto Morio Volley Woter Conservqtion District. Eoch of the porticipoting ogencies hod representotion on the MAC ond wos responsible for the odministrotion of their own LPT. ln oddition, the MAC included representotives from other stqte ond locol ogencies with on interest in hozqrd mitigotion in Sonto Borboro County, including locol non-profit orgonizotions, speciol districts, ond stote ond federol ogencies. This composition ensures diverse input from on orroy of voices representing oll communities within Sonto Borboro County.

Both the MAC ond the LPTs focused on these underlining philosophies, odopted from the Federol Emergency Monogement Agency (FEMA) Locol Mitigotion plon Review Guide:
o Focus on lhe mitigolion strotegy
The mitigotion strotegy is the plon's primory purpose. All other sections contribute to ond inform the mitigotion strotegy ond specific hozord mitigotion octions. o Process is os imporlont qs the plon ilself
ln mitigotion plonning, os with most other plonning efforts, the plon is only os good qs the process ond people involved in its development. The plon should olso serve os the written record, or documentotion, of the plonning process.
o This is the communily's plon
To hove volue; lhe plon must represent the current needs ond volues of the community ond be useful for locol officiols ond stokeholders. Develop the mitigotion plon in o woy thot best serves your community's purpose ond people.
o lnlenl is os imporlqnl qs Complionce
Plon reviews will focus on whether the mitigotion plon meets the intent of the low ond regulotion; qnd ultimotely thot the plon will moke the community sofer from hozords.

As o result, the plonning process for the County's MJHMP incorporoted the following steps:
o Plqn Preporolion
6 Februory 2023
a
a
Chopter 3.0. Plonning Process
. Form/volidote plonning teom members
r Estoblish common proiect gools
r Sef expeclotions ond timelines
Plqn Developmenl
o Volidote ond revise lhe existing conditions/situotion within the plonning oreo; r Develop ond review the risk to hozqrds (exposure ond vulnerobility) within lhe plonning oreoi
o Review ond identify mitigotion qctions ond proiects within the plonning oreo; Finqlize the Plqn
o Review ond revise ihe plon
. Approve the plon locolly ond with stote ond federol reviewers r Adopt ond disseminote the plon

3.2 MTTTGATTON ADVTSORY COMMTTTEE (MAC)
MAC Members
The MAC is o stqnding committee thot works fogether throughout the yeor to discuss ond provide input on o voriety of octivities. The City porticipoted os o MAC member to prepore this LHMP os on onnex to the 2022 MJHMP. The City wos represented by Olivio Uribe-Mutol, Emergency Services Progrom Monoger on the MAC.

The MAC meetings were designed to discuss eoch component of lhe MJHMP wilh MAC members qnd coordinote qnnex updotes. Toble 3-l below provides o list qnd the mqin purpose ond topics of eoch MAC meeting.

Tqble 3-1. Miligolion Advisory Committee (MAC) Meetings Summory Dole Purpose
Morch 202'l
MAC Meeting #l (virtuol)
Provided on overview of the proiect ond why the plon is being revised Reviewed FEMA guidonce ond processes
Discussed roles ond responsibilities of the porticipoting iurisdictions September 202 1
MAC Meeting #2 (virtuol)
Reviewed gools of the proiect, role of the lv{AC
Summorized public outreoch results
Presented hozords ossessmeni ond disployed seleci droft hozord mops Conducted interoctive exercise to ronk hozords
Ocrober 2021
MAC Meeting #3 (virluql)
Provided results of hozord ronking methodology
Presented vulnerobilities ossessmenl
Discussed mitigotion gools, obiectives, ond strotegies
Reviewed County gools from 2017 ond compored them to new gools City of Corpinterio Locql Hqzord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 7 Mi li goli on Adv i sory Commif tee (MAC)
Dqle Purpose
Conducted inte roclive exerctse on potentiol mitigotion gools qnd strotegies October 2021
MAC Meeting #4 (virtuol)
Collected feedbock on 20l7 mitigorion srrotegies
Conducted interoctive exercise on mitigotion stroiegies for key hozords unoddressed in previous MJHMP
Discussed onnex updotes
Jonuory 2022
MAC Meeting #5 (virtuol)
Presented droft plon
Discussed key lvlAC/LPT review needs ond key issues
Discussed onnex updotes to dovetoil with plon updoie
Morch 2022
MAC Meeting #6 (virtuol)
Reviewed ond discussed public comments received on the drofr plon Discussed coordinotion of LHMP onnex updotes

3.2.1 Locql Plqnning Tecm ([PT)
Locql Plqnning Teqm Plqnning Process
While the MAC provided feedbock ond guidonce for the MJHMP, the LPT wos cruciol for reviewing doto, informing the updote of the onnexes, ond working towords locol odoption. The MAC served os o lioison between the County ond the LPTs for eoch porticipoting ogency, ond then the LpTs of eoch porticipoting ogency would work independently on their locol onnexes ond mitigotion strotegies. The teom wos creoted from key monogement ond supervisory stoff. The LPT is integroted into the development review process within the City. LPT members ore responsible for shoring informqtion for incorporotion into the MJHMP ond LHMP updotes, os well os ensuring the LHMp is incorporoted into other plons ond plonning efforts (e.g., Generol Plon, Copitol lmprovement plons, etc.). The LPT reviewed the previous Miligolion Sfrofegy ond reported on progress mode in implementing the listed octions. ln oddition, bosed on updotes to the hozord identificotion, profiles, vulnerobility qssessment, ond copobility qssessment, new miligotion oclions were identified.

Locql Plqnning Teqm Members
Tqble 3-2 lists the members of the Corpinterio LPT. These individuols colloboroted to identify/volidote the City's criticol focilities, provide relevont informotion/moteriol (i.e., plons), review/updote sections, report on progress, ond suggest new mitigotion,qctions.

Toble 3-2. City of Corpinterio Locql plqnningTeam 2022
Deporlmenl Nqme Title
Generol Governmenl Dove Durflinger City MonogerfDirector of Emergency Services Generol Government Michoel Romirez Assistont City Monoger Generol Governmenl Olivio Uribe Mutol Progrom Monoger
Community Development Steve Goggio Community Development Director Community Development Nick Bobroff Principol Plonner
Community Development Don Chepley Chief Building lnspector ond Plons Exominer Public Works John llosin Public Works Director/City Engineer Febrvory 2023 I
Chopfer 3.0. Plsnning Process
Deporlment Nome Title
Public Works Robert Howord Public Works Supervisor
Public Works Erin Moker Environmeniol Progrom Monoger
Porks, Recreotion, ond Public
Focilities
Molt Roberts Porks, Recreotion, ond Public Fociliries Director Low Enforcement Ugo "Butch" Arnoldi Police Chief, Sonto Bqrboro County Sheriff's Deportment
Fire Greg Fish Fire Chief, Corpinterio-Summerlond Fire Proleciion Dislrict
Utiliiy, Poroble Woter Robert McDonold Generol Monoger, Corpinterio Volley Woter District
Ulility, Wostewoter Croig Murroy Generol Monoger/District Engineer, Corpinterio Sonitory District
Administrotive Services Licette Moldonqdo Adminislrotive Services Director Overview of Locql Plqnning Teqm Efforls
The Corpinterio LPT members worked directly with the County Office of Emergency Monogement (OEM) ond lhe consultont teom in order to provide doto, recommended chonges, ond continuolly work on the MJHMP ond LHMP updotes throughout the plonning process. The Corpinterio LPT met os needed during the plonning process to discuss doto needs ond orgonize doto collection. Toble I -4 below outlines o limeline of the Corpinterio LPT's octivities throughout the plonning process.

Tqble 3-3. Locol Plqnning Teom Aclivity Summory

3.2.2 Public Oulreach ond Engqgemenl
County OEM, the City, ond the consultont worked together on public outreoch throughout 2021 ond eorly 2022. ln oddition to the outreoch progrom undertoken by the County for lhe 2022 MIHMP updote, the City olso performed torgeted locol updotes to stqkeholders ond City residents. The Public Outreoch Plon (POP) employed o diversity of tools to moximize notificotion ond porticipotion from individuols throughout the Corpinterio community. The POP wos responsive to limilotions presented by the Coronovirus (COVID-19) pondemic ond focused on direct bilinguol outreqch using o voriety of digitol tools, including o foct sheet, sociol medio posts, emoils, ond press releoses.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sqnto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon I
Meeting Dotes Summory of Activity
Februory 2020 LPT kickoff meeting to discuss stokeholder ond public involvement ond refine the scope of hozord onolysis
April 2O2l to Jonuory
2022
Colloted doto to shore with hozord miligotion plonning teom, including hozord identificotion, refreshed doio loyers for mops, ond geogrophic settings.

Completed Plon Updoie Guides to direclly inform hozord priorities ond mitigotion copobilities
Jonuory to Morch 2022
Reviewed new mops, discussed locol vulnerobilities.

Developed doio for new or exponded hozords, including debris flows, pondemics, ond seo level rise.

Provided input on the stotus of 20'l 7 LHMP mitigotion strotegies.

Reviewed droft mitigotion strolegies ond provide feedbock' l
Mitigotion Advi sory Commiflee (MAC)
Multiple plotforms ond tools were used to publicize the proiect ond opportunities to porticipote. All written notices were mode ovoiloble in English ond Sponish. Throughout the process, emoils were sent to the OEM's moster contoct list, which includes federol, stote, ond locol government represeniotives, interested members of the public, neighboring counties, ond relevont locol orgonizotions, oll of whom were mode owore of the survey ond public workshops.

The 2Q22 LHMP updote built on the County ond City's existing techniques ond odopted to the limitotions imposed by fte COVID-19 pondemic. All public ond stokeholder meetings were hosted virtuolly through Microsoft Teoms, ond oll outreqch completed for the proiect wos conducted vio electronic communicotions. Mony of the meetings used on interoctive tool colled Slido to collect feedbock during meetings. Slido ollows oudience members to qnswer questions during presentotions, helping the County collect direct detoiled feedbock ond focilitote discussion.

The City's MAC ond IPT members olso porticipoted in public outreoch efforts for the MJHMp ond IHMP updote plonning process by distributing notices for the County's 6-month-long community hozords survey (refer to Section 3.4.1 of the MJHMP) ond three public workshops (refer to Section

3.4-4 of the MJHMP). The first MJHMP public workshop wos hosted on April 7,2021, focusing on hozqrd identificotion. The presenters provided on overview of the proiect ond process for updoting the MJHMP, ond then provided time for the public to comment on hozord prioritizotion. The second MJHMP public workshop wos hosted on November 4,2021, focusing on mitigotion strotegies. During the workshop, the presenters summorized the results of the public survey, provided on overview of the hozords ond vulnerobility onolysis, ond then provided on overview of how the teom would prepore the mitigotion chopter. Presenters showed the droft mitigotion gools ond provided exomple mitigotion strotegies for eqch one. Then, the teom used the interoctive tool Slido to collect feedbock from the oudience obout whot mitigotion strotegies they would support. A third MJHMp public workshop wos hosted in Jonuory 2022 to present the droft plon. ln Jonuory 2022, the City conducted odditionol outreoch with o stokeholder meeting ond o seporote public workshop for the City. The stokeholder meeting wos hosted on Thursdoy, Jonuory 27,2022, with representotives from the City of Corpinterio, Corpinterio Volley Woter District, Corpinterio Unified School District, Corpinterio Sonitory District, ond Corpinterio-Summerlond Fire Protection District (CSFPD). The City ond the consultont presented relevont results from the MJHMp ond gools for mitigotion ond focilitoted o discussion on chonges in copobilities of the stqkeholders since 2017, recent hozords, ond mitigotions ideos thot could be incorporoted into the 2022 LHMp updote.

On Jonuory 20, the City distributed q press releose ond sociol medio post with informotion obout the LHMP's public workshop on Februory 1 ond how to ottend. No porticiponts ottended the public workshop. Therefore, the City ond the consultont recorded the presentotion ond uplooded the video to the City's website ond YouTube chonnel. During the video recording, the consultont presented obout the importonce of the LHMP, provided on overview of the City's copobilities ond hozord prioritizotion list, ond showed key vulnerobility mops of the City. The consultont olso provided on exomple of o hozord mitigotion oction to inspire ideos for other mitigotion octions to oddress hozqrds in the City. The City ond the consultont osked viewers to send in comments, questions, ond ideos for mitigoiion octions by Fridoy, Februory I l. Two members of the public responded to the video presentotion with emoil comments regording mitigotion opportunities (see Section 7.e, Miligotion Plon.
l0 Februory 2023
Chopfer 4.0. Copobilify Assessmenf
ln April 2022, the LHMP wos completed ond mode ovoiloble for public review, concurrent with review by FEMA ond Colifornio Office of Emergency Services (Col OES). The opportunity to review documents wds onnounced on the City's website. Hord copies of the document were ovoiloble ot the City Hqll ond o digitol copy of the document wos posted on the City's website. The community wos welcome to submit written or verbol comments to the Emergency Services Progrom Monoger. ln oddition, the opportunity for the community to be heord wos permitted during the City Council meeting before the odoption of this plon.

4.O CAPABITITY ASSESSMENT
The City is o vibront but eosy-going, fomily-oriented smoll beoch town with on economicolly ond ethnicolly diverse populotion with proximity to strotegic business centers qnd qn idyllic seoside locotion.

4.1 GEOGRAPHY AND CTIMATE
The City is locqted within the South Coost
region of Sonto Borboro County ond is both
the southernmost ond eqsternmost city in the
county. The City covers o lond oreo of
opproximotely 2.6 squore miles, ond on
oceon oreo of opproximotely 4.7 squore
miles, for o totol of 7.3 squore miles.

Elevotion ronges f rom seo level to
opproximotely 200 feet obove seo level. lt
is opproximotely 12 miles southeost of the
city of Sqnto Borboro ond opproximotely 80
miles northwest of Los Angeles.

The climote in the City is Mediterroneon,
chorocterized by dry summers qnd
moderotely wet winters. Temperotures in the
region ronge from o low of opproximotely
63 degrees Fohrenheit ('F) in Jonuory to o
Ihe Corpinlerio coosfline foces soulh ond is generolly
oligned in o northwesf-soufheosf direclion which
lronsifions from sondy beqches in fhe norlhwesf lo
uplifled cliff s in fhe soufheost. fhe Chonnel lslonds, locofed offshore ond fo the soulh, profecf fhe coosl
from soulherly woves. Pholo: Cily of Corpinferio
high of opproximolely 75 oF in August ond September. Precipitotion typicolly folls between November ond Morch, ond the overoge qnnuol roinfoll is opproximotely l8 inches per yeqr bosed on doto from '1985-20'16; however, there is o significont interqnnuol ond onnuol vqriotion from this overoge with especiolly wet yeors ottributed to El Niffo conditions ond drought conditions (City of Corpinterio 20.l9).

Three moin creeks trqnsect lhe City, including Corpinterio Creek, Sqnto Monico €reek, ond Fronklin Creek, olong with other smoller droinoges ond tributories. Sonto Monico Creek ond Fronklin Creek within the City boundory ore concrete-lined droinoge chonnels thot both terminote ot the Corpinterio Solt Morsh, one of lhe oreo's prominent hydrologic feotures. Corpinterio Creek remoins unlined ond hos been identified os q torget for restorotion to improve hobitqt for threotened ond endongered southern steelheod trout ond tidewqter goby. The Corpinterio Sonitory District's City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 1l
Populolion ond Demogrophics
Wostewoter Treotment Plqnt is locoted odiocent to the lower reoch of Corpinterio Creek (City of Corpinterio 2019).

4.2 POPUTATION AND DEMOGRAPHICS
According to the Corpinlerio Volley 202,l Economic Profile, the City hod 1 3,1 96 residentsin 2021.

Between 2016 ond 2021, the overoll populotion fell by opproximotely 350 residents os rising home prices resulted in out-migrolion. According to the Sqnto Borborq County Associotion of Governments (SBCAG), the proiected 2050 populotion for the City is 14,602, on opproximotely

5.2 percent increose (SBCAG 20211. The lorgest proportion of the populotion,5l.'l percent, ore people between the oges of 25 ond 64. The City is olso comprised of 18.7 percenr of people oged 65 or older, ond 15.7 percent of people oged 5 ro 17 (City of Corpinrerio 2021o).

Corpinterio Volley hos evolved os o relotively offluent oreo where residents report higher incomes thqn the overoge Colifornion or qveroge Sonto Borboro County resident. ln 2021, the medion household income in the City of Corpinterio wos $86,944,which wos higher thon Sonto Borboro County ($gg,Zt 4) or Colifornio ($82,053). More rhon 40 percenr of households in rhe City eorned $100,000 or more, ond olmost'18 percent eorned more thon $2OO,OOO. Approximotely 3.9 percent of the City's populotion lives in poverty, os defined by the Colifornio Deportment of Finonce {City of Corpinterio 2021ol. Approximolely 21 percent of residents oged 25 ond older hove o bochelor's degree in the City (compored to 20 percent countywide), ond 14 percent hove on odvonced degree (compored to l5 percent countywide). Approximotely 29 percent of Corpinterio residents hove eorned on ossociote's degree or hove ottended some college closses without groduoting, while 36 percent hove o high school diplomo or less (City of Corpinterio 2021o).

The employment rote within the City is 62.4 qs of 2019. During the height of the pondemic-reloted economic recession, the unemployment rote climbe d'lo 12.7 percent but hos improved to 4.9 percent os of August 2021. Just over 700 iobs were lost in the Corpinterio Volley lobor mork et in 2e2O, o direct consequence of the pondemic. By mid-2O21, most of these iobs hod been restored, ond full reinstotement of the workforce is expected to be complete by mid-2O22. The biggest iob losses occurred in the informotion, occommodotion, ond food services sectors, whereos the construction ond connobis industries hove grown over the post few yeors (City of Corpinterio 2021o). The ogriculture sector employs more people thon ony other industry, followed by monufocturing, the production of informotion (softwore), ond the hotel ond food services sector. The lorgest employer in the Corpinterio Volley is Procore followed by Agilent, the Corpinteriq Unified School District, Linkedln, ond NuSil Silicone Technology (City of Corpinrerio 2021o). 12 Februory 2023
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4.3 IAND USE
The City's Lond Use Element estoblishes the type ond intensity of lond uses ond guides growth ond development in the City. The Lond Use Element is the bosis of the Lond Use plon of the City's Locol Coostol Progrom (Colifornio Coostol Act of 1976,$30l08.5). The City encouroges greoter density ond intensity development to toke ptoce olong moin tronsportotion corridors ond development thot is compotible with surrounding lond uses ond protective of coostol resources unique to lhe oreo (see Section 4.9, Legol ond Regulo tory Copobi/ifies).

Corpinterio is locoted qlmost entirely on o coqstol ploin between the Sonto ynez Mountoins ond the Pocific Oceon. ln generol, the oreo's topogrophy slopes from the foothills of the Sonto ynez Mountqins in the north towords the Pocific Oceon in the south. Between the foothills ond the populoted qreo of the City is on ogriculturol zone under the iurisdiction of County of Sonto Borboro.

Tronsportotion corridors, including U.s. Highwoy lol ond the union Pocific Roilrood (upRR), bisect the City. The entire City is locoted within the designoted Colifornio Coqstol Zone (City of Corpinterio 2019lr.

The western port of the City is mode up of mostly Medium Density Residentiol oreos interspersed by Generol Commerciol closer to Highwoy l0l. Eqst of Sonto Monico Rood, the moiority of housing is considered Low Density Residentiol with pockets of Public Fqcilities ond Open Spoce/Recreotion lond uses north of Highwoy I 01. Areos south of Highwoy I Ol consist of Medium Density Residentiol ond Generol Commerciol lond uses. Medium ond Low Density Residentiol ond Open Spoce/Recreotion oreqs border the coostline to the south. The eostern wing of the City is comprised of Coostol Dependent lndustriot, Reseorch Development lndustriol, ond Visitor-serving Commerciol oreos. The urbon core of the City is locoted primorily olong Corpinterio Avenue ond Linden Avenue.

The lqnd uses in the vicinity of this urbon Downtown District include primorily Generol Commerciol, Visitor-Serving Commerciol, Medium Densily Residentiol, ond Public Focility (City of Corpinterio 2O16).

The commerciol oreos in the City hove tight office leosing morkets ond ore home to severol of the region's top employers, such os Procor ond Linkedln. lndustriol spoce within the City hod voconcy rotes thot fluctuoted irom 7.8 to 3.6 percent irom 2O2O to 2021. The retoil voconcy rote hos remoined stoble since 20'19, os the City hos very few vqcont storefronts ond few focilities thot would need to be repurposed in the event of o store closure (City of Corpinterio 2021ol.

Since the lost updote of the Ciry's IHMP in 20.l 7, lond use ond populotion in the City hos not substontiolly chonged. As described obove, modest development hos occurred consistent with the odopted Lond Use Element ond hos primorily comprised infill development ond redevelopment within the City limits. There hos been no exponsion of the City boundory or its Sphere of lnfluence (SOl) ond no comprehensive chonges to the Lond Use Element thot would result in substontiot densificotion. Further, os described in Section 4.2, Populotion ond Demogrophics, City populotion hos slightly reduced. As o result, the City's level of vulnerobility to hozords onolyzed in Section 6.0, Vulnerobilily Assessmenf, hos not substontiolly chonged due to lond use, devetopment, or populotion growth.
14 Februory 2023
Chopfer 4.0. Copobilify Assessmenf

4.4 ECONOMY
Corpinterio's economy is bosed on ogriculture, tourism f retoil, light industry, ond reseqrch & development. The community hos evolved to become o diverse economy consisting of growing tech componies, monufqcturers, ond finonciol services firms. Softwore ond lT development hove flourished in recent yeors, os hos the visilor-serving sector (City of Corpinterio 2Q21ol.

Corpinterio Volley hos been one of the primory regions for legol connobis cultivotion in Colifornio ond connobis growing mokes up o lorge portion of the greenhouses on ogriculturol lqnd within the Corpinterio Volley. As of September 2021, ihere were 29 legol connobis componies in the Corpinterio Volley. All of these componies grow connqbis, ond some olso process connobis thot hos olreody been horvested. Most growers operote in the greenhouses lhot previously grew orchids qnd other flowers (City of Corpinterio 2021ol.

The City is home fo neorly 300 retoil storefronts, most of which ore locolly-owned stores. There ore no big-box or regionolly serving retoil stores within the City. However, retoil sqles hqve been declining for severol yeors, ond store closures hove been frequent for home furnishings, hordwore, ond gorden supply stores. The most successful retoil subsector hos been food ond beveroge estqblishments. Over the lost five yeorsr lhe number of locol food ond beveroge estoblishments hos exponded by 24 percent ond soles hove grown by 17 percent (City of Corpinterio 2021ol.

The City's retoil environment is heovily dependent on tourism octiviiy. lt hos been estimoted thot visitors to Corpinterio occount for 65 percent to 85 percent of oll retoil soles. Since 2019, the City hos collected o locol soles tox of 1.25 percent, meoning thotvisitors could contribute more thon $l million to the City budget through soles toxes. The onnuol Avocqdo Festivol, Corpinterio Stote Beoch, ond Corpinterio City Beoch ore the moin tourist oltroctions in the City (City of Corpinterio 2021o).
ln 2O2O ond 2021, toxoble retoil soles in the City declined shorply. Soles ore down becouse of pondemic reslrictions. For exomple, restouronts were forced io operote ot reduced copocities ond the Avocodo Festivol wos conceled. At restquronts, toxoble soles declined by more thon 30 percent in2O2O. Soles hove rebounded shorply in2O2l but ore still below their pre-pondemic levels. As fewer commuters ore troveling through Corpinterio, toxoble tronsoctions ot gos stotions qlso declined during the pondemic. Further, the tronsition to online shopping hos occeleroted. (City of Corpinterio 2021o).

4.5 INFRASTRUCTURE

4.5.1 Tronsporlotion
The tronsportotion infrostructure of the City supports its industries ond residents. The City's Public Works Deportment operotes ond mointoins opproximotely 32.2 roodwoy miles (64.8 lone miles) of surfoce streets, seven vehiculor bridges, seven pedestrion bridges, 685 streetlights, ond four troffic signols. ln oddition, there ore 3.38 roodwoy miles ('14.6 lone miles) of Stote-mointoined freewoy (City of Corpinterio 2003).

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borbqro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon l5
lnfroslruclure
The tronsit system routes thot serve the City ore currently provided by lhe Sontq Borbro Metropoliton Tronsit District (SBMTD) ond the Venturo County Tronsportorion Commission (VCTC), respectively (see Toble 4-l ).

Toble 4-1. Tronsil Roules Serving the City of Corpinterio Roule Number Route Descriplion Operoling Doys
Ssnto Borbrq Metropoliton Trqnsit District (SBMTD) Routes 20 Corpinterio (Tronsit Center-Milpos-Montecito-SummerlondCorpinterio) Weekdoys ond
Weekends
36 Seoside Shufile (Troin Stotion-Linden-Corpinterio Avenue-Cositos Poss Rood-El Corro Lone-Sonto Ynez Rood)
Weekdoys ond
Weekends
Venluro Counly Tronsporlolion Commission (VCTC) Routes
80 Coostol Express- Northbound to Sonto Borboro; Southbound from Sonto Borboro; Soufhbound to Venturo
Weekdoys ond
Weekends
80c Coostol Express- Souihbound to Sonto Borboro Weekdoys 84U Coostol Express- Northbound to Sonto Borboro Weekdoys 85C Coostol Express- Northbound to Goleto Weekdoys
SBMTD Route'36 is the only introcity tronsit route which uses electric shuttles. The other tronsit routes ore moinly intercity routes which use buses. Pqrotronsit services ore currently provided by Eosy Lift Tronsportotion ond Help of Corpinterio.

The county is olso served by one federol qnd one stote roodwqy. U.S. Highwoy I Ol is the City's regionol tronsportotion corridor os described below:
o Highwqy I Ol serves os the primory tronsportotion link between the City with other urbon oreos in the County (e.g, cities of Sontq Borborq qnd Goleto) ond with Venturo County to the south.

It forms the foundotion of the locol tronsportotion network, provides the primory freight ortery through much of the centrol coost region, ond is criticol for the movement of people ond goods stotewide. Most trips olong this route ore reloted to business, government, recreotion, tourism, ond doily living, including the iourney to work. ln oddition, Highwoy l0l corries the highest volumes of commerciol trucks in the county, porticulorly between the Venturo-Sonto Bqrboro County line ond downtown Sonto Borboro (SBCAG 20l3).
o Stale Roule (SR-) 192 runs from SR-154 neor Sonto Borborq ro SR-'150 neor the Sonto Borboro-Venluro line. The two-lqne rood is better known os Foothill Rood, os the route runs porollel to the foothills of the Sonto Ynez Mountoins.
' SR l5O is o two-lone stote highwoy thot runs from Highwoy'lOl neor the Venturo/Sonto Borboro County line to SR-,l26 in Sqnto Poulo.
r6 Februory 2023
Chopfer 4.0. Copobilify Assessmenf
Highwoy 1 01, SR-l 92, ond SR-l50 ore estoblished os evocuotion roules within the City os defined by the County's Climote Chonge Vulnerobility Assessment (2021). The following locol streets ore olso considered evocuotion routes within the City boundories (Figure 'l-2):
o Sqnto Monico Rood
o Cositos Poss Rood
o Sondylqnd Cove Rood
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0 Chopfer 4.0. Copobilify Assessmenf

4.5.2 Elechicity ond Nqturql Gqs
Southern Colifornio Edison (SCE) provides electricol service to the City. ln 201 8, the City's residentiol energy usoge wos opproximotely 21,513,765 kilowott-hours (kWh) of electricity, while nonresidenliol focilities consumed opproximolely 48,411,607 kWh. The City is uniquely locoted neor the end of the SCE power distribution grid. With most electric generotion coming from only one soulheosterly direction, Corpinterio is heovily dependent on o few key tronsmission lines. The 220- kilovolt (kV) lines going through the mountoins provide most of the City's eleclricity, while 66-kV lines provide the remoinder. Due to the set-up of the power distribution system, Corpinterio's power grid is less resilient to noturol disosters. The Ellwood Noturol Gos power plont is o bockup copoble of serving olmost the entirety of southern Sonto Borboro County but foiled during the Thomos Fire ond Montecito Debris Flows of 2018-2019. These events led to power outoges for over 20,000 residents in the region; Corpinterio wos left with decreqsed power supply for neorly o month. Due to these events, the City developed o Strotegic Energy Plon (SEP) to improve emergency preporedness qnd the resiliency of the locol electric distribution system (see Section 4.9.3, City of Corprnferio Slrofegic Energy P lon).
ln qddition to the recommendotions found wilhin the SEP, the City considers stotewide renewoble energy gools, such os Senote Bill (SB) 100 which sets o torget of 100-percent corbon-f ree electricity by 2Q45.ln 2019, the City become o member of Centrol Coost Community Energy (CCCE; formerly Monterey Boy Community Power), o locolly monoged public ogency providing corbon-free ond renewoble energy to enrolled communities. CCCE is o Community Choice Energy Provider thot portners with the locol ulility (i.e., SCE) which continues lo provide service. However, the electricity supplied will be 100 percent cqrbon neutrol ond consist of opproximotely 35 percent renewoble energy. The City enrolled in 2Q22, ond the progrqm oims to tronsition to I 00 percent renewoble energy, olthough q timeline hos not yet been estoblished (see olso Section 5.3.6, Energy Shorloge & Resiliency).

Regording noturol gos, the City ond its surrounding oreos receive noturol gos from one supplier, the Southern Colifornio Gos Compony (SoCol Gos). SoCol Gos poys o fronchise fee os port of its ogreement with the City ond onticipotes the resources necessory to sufficiently supply noturol gos to the City for residentiol, commerciol, ond industriol uses.

4.5.3 Wqter Supply
The Corpinterio Volley Woter District (CVWD) is the potoble woter purveyor for the Corpinterio community ond serves o lond oreo of opproximotely 'l 11098 ocres locoted between the Sonto Ynez Mountqins ond the Pocific Oceqn. As of 2020, CVWD supplies potoble woter to opproximotely 15,966 people with o totol of 4,531 service connections. Existing service connections under CVWD consist of the following qccount types: 3,265 single-fomily residentiol, 350 multifomily, 283 commerciol/institutionol, 58 industriol, 50 londscope irrigotion, 386 ogriculturol, ond '132 other (fire). lnfrosfructure to support 1,600 of these service connections wos instolled before 1964 (CVWD 2O2l o). Existing connections within the City primorily serve municipol uses (e.9., residentiol, commerciol, ond institutionol), os very few ogriculturol porcels exist within City.

CVWD owns, operotes, ond mointoins three potoble wqter reservoirs with o combined sloroge copocity of opproximotely 10.68 ocre-feet (AF). These reservoirs include Shepord Meso (0.15 AF), City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon r9
'l
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Schools
Foothill (9 AF), ond Gobernodor (1.53 AF). The Cochumo Operotion ond Mointenonce Boord, of which CVWD is o member unit, operotes two odditionol reservoirs in the oreo, the Ortego Reservoir (60 AF) ond Corpinterio Reservoir (44 AF). ln oddition, CVWD owns ond operotes opproximotely

88.8 miles of distribution pipelines, which consist of concrete (51 percent), steel (36 percent), ond other moteriols ('13 percent; CVWD 2021ol. The existing pipeline infrostructure provides woter to oll developed porcels within the City. The CVWD obtoins its woter from the surfoce woters of the Cochumo Proiect ond Stote Woter Proiect (SWP) ond groundwoter from the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin. Loke Cochumo, locoted within the Sonto Ynez River wotershed, supplied opproximotely 41 percent of CVWD's woter between 2016 ond 2020 qnd hos o moximum copocity of 195,600 AF. The SWP ollocotes up to 2,2OO AF of woter per yeor to CVWD, including o 200-AF drought buffer. Woter from Loke Cochumq is treoted ot the Coter Woter Treotment Plont north of the City of Sonto Borboro before being conveyed to CVWD (CVWD 2O21o).

The Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin, which underlies the CVWD service oreo, provides the remoining woter demond, extrocted vio groundwoter wells. The Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin spons opproximotely 16.6 squore miles, with o moximum storoge copocity of opproximolely 200,000 AF ond q usoble copocity of opproximotely 39,000 AF. Wirhin the City, the CVWD owns, operotes, ond mointoins five municipol wells, which hove o combined copocity to produce opproximotely 3.98 million gollons per doy. Two wells con extroct ond iniect woter, which helps meet peok wqter demond ond provide some redundoncy in the groundwoter supply reliobility (CVWD 2021o). See section 5.3.7, Droughl & Woler Shorloge for further informotion regording CVWD's woter supply ond drought monogement efforts.

4.6 SCHOOTS
The Corpinterio Unified School District (CUSD) provides public educotion services to students in the Corpinterio Volley, with district boundories reoching south to the Venturo County line ond west to Summerlond. The CUSD serves opproximolely 2,200 students from tronsitionol kindergorten through grode I2. The CUSD olso provides eorly childhood progrqms to children three months to four yeors old. The CUSD hos eight school sites: one comprehensive high school (Corpinterio High School), two smoll qlternotive high schools (FoorhillAlternqtive High School, Rincon Continuotion High School), one middle school (Corpinterio Middle School), three elemenrory schools (Aliso Elementory School, Conolino Elementory School, Summerlond Elementory School), ond o former public school site contoining o public-privote colloborotive focused on eorly educotion ond sociol services (Corpinterio Fomily School, which includes Conolino Eorly Childhood leqrning Center ond Speciol Educotion). Seven of the eight school sites ore locqted within the City limits; Summerlond Elementory school is locoted in summerlond outside the city's western boundory.

CUSD wos one of the first school districts in Colifornio to open bock up to in-person leorning following school shutdowns omid the COVID-,l9 pondemic. ln oddition to difficulties with stoffing within the District, student leorning ond the obility for teochers to engoge with students were severely offected by the virtuol leorning environment during the pondemic. The obility of students to focus wos olso offected. The meosurement of growth (i.e., grodes) within CUSD hos chonged considerobly os compored to the pre-pondemic environment to odopt to new leorning opprooches in schools (Pers. Comm. Moureen Fitzgerold 2022).
20 Februory 2023
Chopler 4.0. Cs pobilif y Assessmenl

4.7 ADMINISTRATIVEANDTECHNICATCAPABITITIES
The City employs 32 full-time stoff. The tourist seoson dictotes the number of port-time stoff, overoging 42 per yeor. The City hos o robust volunteer progrom with opproximotely 200 volunteers porticipoting in community ond beoch cleon-up proiects, docents, ond the HOST Visitors Center. Over 27O community members hqve been Community Emergency Response Teom (CERT) troined.

4.7.1 Governonce
The City utilizes the Council-Monoger form of locol governonce, which includes both elected officiols ond on oppointed City Monoger. Corpinterio hos five City Council members, including o moyor ond o vice moyor, which ore oppointed to represent the Corpinterio City Council.

The City Council is Corpinterio's legislotive body, providing vision, seiting ond odopting policies, regulotions, ordinonces, ond resolutions, opproving budgets, ond setting tox rofes. City Council members hire the City Monoger, who is responsible for the doy-to-doy odministrotion of the City ond serves qs the Council's chief odvisor. The City Monoger prepores o recommended budget, recruits ond hires most of the City's stoff, ond corries out the Council's policy. While the City Monoger moy recommend policy decisions, he is ultimotely bound by lhe octions of the Council. The City Council olso hires the City Attorney. The City's orgonizotionql chort is shown below.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sontq Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 21 Admini slrolive ond lechnicol Copobi/ities
Chqrl 4-1. City of Corpinterio Orgonizotionol Chqrt
Advisory Boards &
Commissions
City Attorney/
Legal Services
Citizerrs of Carpinteria
Carpinteria
City Council
City Manager
Assistant
City Manager
City Clerk
General
Government
Parks &
Recreation
Commurrity
Development Sheriff Contract Public Works
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. Human Resources
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Systems
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a
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o Park Maintenance
o Traffic Enforcement
o Emergency
Services
o Building & Safety
Services
o Advanced
Planning
o Code Compliance
o Parking
Enforcement
o Animal Care
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o Sustainability
and Environment
o Street Maintenance
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4.7,2 Ciry Adminisrrqtion
City Mqnaser
The City Monoger is responsible for overseeing the doily operotions of the City ond for orgonizotionql efficiency ond effectiveness, for the preporotion ond presentotion of lhe municipol budget, ond keeping the Cily Council informed on other municipol finonciol motters, oversight of personnel motters, ond for the oversight of municipol focilities. The City Monoger leods the monogement teom ond oll city deportments.

The City Monoger olso serves os the Office of Emergency Services (OES) Director. The City Monoger's office is responsible for the implementotion of emergency monqgement (including mitigotion) progroms for the City. As the OES Director, the City Monoger oversees controcts with the Sonto Borboro County Sheriff's Deportment for police services (see Section 4.7.3, po/ice 22 Februory 2023
Chopfer 4.0. Copobilily Assessmenf
Deporlmenl) ond the Corpinterio-Summerlond Fire District for fire services (see ond Section 4.7.4, Fire Deporlmenf).

4.7.3 Police Deporlmenl
Police services in the City ore provided vio the Sonto Borboro County Sheriff's Office Controct Service Bureou, which olso provides services to the ciiies of Buellton, Goleto, ond Solvong. Sheriff's deputies ore responsible for responding to colls for service, conducting investigotions, ond providing crime prevention, community potrol, ond public informotion services. The Sheriff's Office olso octively porticipotes in severol progroms, including Neighborhood Wotch, youth school troining, business troining (e.g., educoting merchonts obout f roud ond site security), personol crisis consultotion, ond coordinotion with the Colifornio Deportment of Fish ond Wildlife for wildlife qnd hobitot violqtions. ln oddition, the Sheriff's Deporlment develops ond implements emergency response plons ond policies, focusing on evocuotion procedures ond troffic control ond including troining for lhe Corpinterio CERT.

The Corpinterio Sheriff's Substqtion is locoted odiocent to Ciry Holl ot 5757 Corpinterio Avenue.

The Sheriff's Office is controcted to support lhe City wilh ot leost two on-duty deputies on a 24f7 bosis, in oddition to one supervising deputy ond odministrotive support, offering o deputy rotio of opproximotely one deputy per 4,500 City residents. During the more heovily visited summer months, the City employs odditionol deputies in the downiown corridor ond Beoch Neighborhood oreos, wilh on odditionol two deputies working Fridoy through Sundoy from opproximotely l0 o.m. to 8 p.m. When odditionol ossistonce is needed for potrol ond incident response (usuolly no more thon 2 to 5 percent of the time), the Corpinterio Sheriff's Substotion receives ossislonce from Sheriff's deputies in neorby oreos ond ossists with response in the neorby unincorporoted County oreo.

Emergencv Services Division
An Emergency Operotions Center (EOC) provides q centrql locotion of outhority qnd informotion ond ollows for foce-to-foce coordinotion omong personnel who must moke emergency decisions.

The City's EOC, locoted ot I 140 Eugenio Ploce, Suite A, provides centrqlized emergency monogement for when o moior emergency or disosier strikes. The EOC includes q sqtellite phone, rodios, conference rooms, ond office oreos. A generotor provides emergency power to lighting ponels, computers, woll circuits, telephones, ond rqdios. The olternote EOC is locqted ot Corpinterio City Hqll Council Chombers (5775 Corpinterio Avenue). The olternote EO€ is only be octivoted when the primory EOC is domoged, inoccessible, ondfor evocuotion of EOC stoff members becomes necessqry. When the use of the qlternote EOC becomes necessory, those occupying the primory EOC will be osked to relocote to the olternotive site.

When octivoted, representotives from City deportments report to the EOC to coordinote City decision-moking, simultoneously coordinote deportment octivities, ond lioise with different levels of government os well os with privote entities. The following functions ore performed in the City's EOC:
o Monoging ond coordinoting emergency operotions.
o Receiving ond disseminoting worning informotion.
o Developing emergency policies ond procedures.
o Collecting intelligence from, ond disseminoting informotion to, the vorious EOC representotives ond, os oppropriote, to county ond stote ogencies, militory, ond federol ogencies.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 23 Adminislrotive ond Technicol Copobilifies
o Preporing intelligence/informotion summories, situotion reports, operotionol reports, ond other reports, os required.
o Mointoining generol ond specific mops, informotion disploy boords, ond other doto pertoining to emergency operotions.
o Continuing onolysis ond evoluotion of oll doto pertoining to emergency operotions. o Controlling ond coordinoting, within estoblished policy, the operotionql ond logisticol support of deporlmentol resources committed to the emergency.
o Mointoining contoct ond coordinotion with other locol government EOCs ond the Sonto Borboro Operotionol Areo.
o Providing emergency informotion ond instructions to the public, moking officiol releoses to news medio, ond scheduling press conferences, os necessory. o Resource ordering, dispotching, ond trocking.

The City's Emergency Services Coordinotor is responsible for monogement of the primory ond olternote EOCs, including mointoining operotionol reodiness of the EOCs. Positions ossigned to the EOC will brief City decision-mokers of the emergency situotion ond recommend octions to protect the public (e.g., olerting ond worning the public, evqcuotion of risk oreo, octivotion of shelters, request for operotionol oreo/stote/federol ossistonce, etc.). The Director of Emergency Services/EOC Director hos the primory responsibility for ensuring thot the City Council is kept opprised of the emergency situotion.

The Emergency Services Division is orgonized into the following sections:
o Mqnqgemenl Seclion: Responsible for overoll emergency monogement policy ond coordinotion through the ioint efforts of governmentol ogencies ond privote orgonizotions.

Monogement will either octivote oppropriote sections or perform their functions, os needed. ' Operqtions Seclion: Responsible for coordinoting oll iurisdictionol operotions in support of the disoster response through implementotion of the city's EOC Action plon. r Plonning & lntelligence Seclion: Responsible for collecting, evoluoting, ond disseminoting informotion ond coordinoting the development of the City's EOC Action Plon in coordinotion with other Sections.
o Logistics Section: Responsible for providing communicotions, focilities, services, personnel, equipment, supplies, ond moteriols.
o Finonce & Administrqlion Seclion: Responsible for finonciol octivities ond other odministrotive ospects.

4.7.4 Fire Deportment
Fire protection service in the City is provided by the Corpinterio-Summerlond Fire Protection District (CSFPD), which serves opproximotely 40 squore miles olong the coostline from the Sonto BorboroVenturq County line to the eost ond Montecito to the west. The CSFPD provides personnel ond focilities to service the City in the event of o fire. As first responders, the CSFPD personnel olso provide Emergency Medicol Services (EMS) ond qre supported by ombulonce services delivered through o public/privote portnership, which includes Americon Medicql Response. The CSFpD olso provides non-emergency services thot include fire ond life sofety inspections, buitding inspections, fire investigotions, code complionce, ond public educotion. 24 Februory 2023
Chopter 4.0. Copobilily Assessmenl
The CSFPD mointoins two fire stotions locoted ot 9l I Wqlnut Avenue in Corpinteriq ond 2375 Lillie Avenue in Summerlond. Both stotions provide response services to the City. Response times for fire services ronge from three minutes (inner City) lo five minutes (City periphery). The CSFPD hos o totol of 27 iirefighters, tv/o fire engines, one squod, two woter rescue wove-runners, two oll-terroin vehicles (ATVs), ond three commond vehicles. All CSFPD opporotuses ore stoffed with o minimum of one licensed poromedic who provides odvonced life support services os the EMS first responder.

All fire fighters ore troined in EMT-1 ond fire suppression response.

At leost one Venturo County Engine is ovoiloble to the City for first qlorm incidents through on outomotic oid ogreement. Additionolly, the City's Emergency Operotions Plon provides for lhe progressive mobilizotion of resources to ond from locol governments, operotionol oreos, regions, ond the stote to provide requesting ogencies with odequote resources. Using the Emergency Operotions Plon, the City moy request the ossislonce of odditionol fire engines os necessory, such os from the Montecito Fire Protection District (to the west) (City of Corpinterio 20141.

The Administrotion Section develops, implements, ond monitors policies, procedures, budgets, fees, outomotic oid ogreements, mutuol oid ogreements, ond lioisons with olher City deportments ond outside ogencies. The Fire Prevention Bureou coordinqtes the odoption of codes ond ordinonces, reviews site ond building plons for fire code complionce, develops ond presents public educotion progroms, ond monoges the City's weed obotement progrqm. The Suppression Section mointoins the Deportment's personnel, opporotus, equipment, ond fire stotions in o stote of reodiness to respond to the community's needs, develops ond implements stondord operoting procedures for vorious types of emergency responses, responds to oll types of emergencies, ond troins ond interocts with neighboring iurisdictions ond regionol ogencies.

4.7.5 Community Development Deporlment
The Community Development Deportment (CDD) provides primory support to the Plonning Commission ond its odvisory bodies, the Architecturql Review Boord ond the Environmentol Review Committee. CDD olso provides stoff support os needed to the City Council, City Monoger, other City Deportments, ond other boqrds ond committees os needed (Troffic Sofety Committee, Tree Advisory Boord, Downtown "T" Business Advisory Boord, Technicol Plonning Advisory Committee ond Joint Housing Tosk Group). Stoff is olso involved in reviewing ond commenting on environmentql documents prepored for proiects in the County's iurisdiction os well qs those proposed by Speciol Districts within ond surrounding the City boundories. All work is done with the gool of implementing the Deportment's Mission Stotement. lndividuol Divisions ore discussed below.

Building & Sqfely Division
The Building ond Sofety Division oids in opplying for ond reviewing Building Permit Applicotions, including site ond building plons, for complionce with building codes ond ordinqnces. The Building ond Sofety Division enforces the odoption of building, plumbing, electricol, seismic, ond mechonicol/structurol codes ond develops building ordinonces. The Division olso provides domoge ossessment of structures from multiple couses to focilitote the repoir ond future occuponcy.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 25 l
:
i
l
Admini slrotive ond Technicol Copobilities
Plonning Division
The Plonning Division develops ond mqintoins plons ond permits, the City Generol plon/Locol Coqstol Lqnd Use Plon, zoning ordinonces, ond development stondords. The Plonning Division olso provides oversight of the City development process ossuring complionce with zoning ond generol plon, including environmentol impocl reports, design review, historic preservotion, londscope review, hobitot conservotion, floodwoy prohibitions, ond floodploin development stondqrds.

Code Complionce
The Code Complionce Division investigotes ond resolves building ond zoning complionce issues, enforces porking regulotions, ond implements the City's onimql core qnd control progroms.

4.7.6 Public Works Deportment
The Public Works Deportment is comprised of the following divisions ond respective progroms:

Engineering Division
r Public Works Administrotion
o Tronsportotion, Porking, ond Lighting
o Copitol lmprovements
Street Mqinlenonce Division
o Street Mointenonce
o Right-of-WoyMointenonce
Sustqinqbility cnd Environment Division
o ResourceConservotion
o Solid Woste
o Wotershed Monogement
The Public Works Administrotion Progrom is responsible for the plonning, orgonizing, ond directing of oll services in the Public Works Deportment. The Public Works Deportment is ougmented with controcts for professionol (consulting) services, solid woste houling, street sweeping, ond street ond right'of-woy mointenonce. The Public Works Administrotion Progrom olso odministers the Engineering Permits Service. Under lhis service, engineering permits ore issued for groding, rightof-woy encroochments, dumpsters, ond oversize loods; ond speciol event permits ore issued for events held in the public right-of-woy including temporory porking.

The Street Mointenqnce Progrom provides for the mqintenonce of qll City streets. There ore opproximotely 33 centerline miles of streets or 6 million squore feet of povement which now includes the new Vio Reol extension. Mointenqnce of City streets includes povement, troffic control devices (troffic signols, signing, ond striping), street lights, bikewoys (bike poths, bike lones, ond bike routes), ond bridges. Repoirs of povement potholes ond troffic signing ond striping ore oble to be performed by Street Mointenonce Division stqff. Mointenonce conlrocts ougment Street Mointenonce Division stqff for lorger work involving povement replocement, troffic signols, ond street lights.
26 Februory 2023
Chopfer 4.0. Copobilify Assessrnenl
The Right-of-Woy Mointenonce Progrom provides for the mointenonce of oll City rights-of-woy.

Mointenqnce of City rights-of-woy includes curbs, gutters, sidewolks, curb romps, plonter medions, benches, trosh receptocles, bicycle rocks, street trees, ond groffiti removql.

The Resource Conservotion Progrom provides for renewoble energy development, energy efficiency, ond strotegic energy plonning. The City is commilted to providing equitoble, cleon resilient power for the community. The progrom involves the following services or octivities:

Community Choice Energy, Strotegic Energy, ond Energy Efficiency.

The Solid Woste Progrom provides for solid woste collection including hondling, disposol, ond recycling operotions; ond street sweeping. The City controcts with E.J. Horrison ond Sons, lnc. to provide the solid woste collection qnd with Pocific Sweep, LLC to provide the street sweeping. The progrom olso provides for the collection of ontifreeze, bolteries, oil, ond point; ond on onnuol collection of household hozordous woste, household goods, ond electronic woste (E-Woste). The Solid Wqste Progrom is funded by Assembly Bill (AB) 939 fe6s which ore collected by E. J. Horrison ond Sons, lnc. ond remitted to the City os port of the controct. The cost of the progrom is olso offset with the Oil Poyment Progrom Funds from the Colifornio Deportment of Resource, Recovery ond Recycling (ColRecycle).

The Wotershed Monqgement Progrom provides for the public outreoch qnd educotion of stormwoter quolity; trocking of illicit dischorges; woter quolity testing ot storm droin outfolls or dischorge oreosi implementotion ond enforcement of stormwoter quolity best monogement proctices (BMPs) for development, redevelopment, ond City operotions; regionol coordinotion; ond the overoll stewordship of locql wotersheds by reguloting stormwoter runoff into creeks ond solt morsh'. The progrom wos creoted in response to o need to comply with lhe Notionol Pollution Dischorge Eliminqtion System (NPDES) Phose ll Smoll Municipol Storm Sewer System Permit. The progrqm involves the following services or octivities: Stormwoter Monogement, Storm Droin Mointenqnce, Regionol Wotershed ond Stormwoter Funding Coordinoiion, ond Stqte ond Federol Permit Coordinotion.

4.7.7 Porks ond Recreolion Deportment
The City Porks ond Recreqtion Deportment (PRD) provides the City's recreotion progroms ond mointoins the porks, the community pool, ond the Veteron's Memoriol Building. ln totol, there ore 19 porks ond recreotion focilities within the City thot ore operoted by the PRD. The PRD is responsible for responding to issues such os mointenonce (e.g., weeding, groffiti) ond street repoirs (e.g., streetlight repoirs, utility pole mointenonce) ossocioted with their focilities. Progroms operoted by PRD include Junior Lifeguords, odult coed softboll, oceon recreotion focilities such os the boothouse on Ash Avenue, ond the operotion of the Community Gorden Pork neor the Amtrqk troin stotion. Privotely sponsored sports leogues olso exist for youth ond odults such os boseboll, footboll, ond soccer.

4.8 FISCATMITIGATIONCAPABITITIES
The Fiscol Yeor (FY) 2021-22 Adopted Budget of opproximotely $26.1 million, includes over $9 million in intergovernmentol gronts ond City funds for copitol improvements ond moior mointenonce proiectp; o reflection of o growing demqnd for mointenqnce ond replocement of the City City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 27 I
-.i
Educofion ond Oufreoch Copobilifies
infrostructure ond the City's interest in oddressing those needs in o timely ond strotegic monner to minimize costs (City of Corpinteria 2O21b). Chort 4-2 shows the City's All Funds Budget.

The Generol Fund Budget olso includes generol government odministrotion services, public sofety, plonning, ond environmentol ond public works services. The generol fund bolqnce is on importont indicotor of the finonciol strengfi of the iurisdiction.

Chqrt 4-2. City of Corpinterio All Funds Budger 2O2l-2O22

ALL FUNDS
souRcEs oF FU N D S $26,L34,t75
Miscellaneous,
3 900
Fines &
Forfeitures,
S44,850
Assessments,
S215,050
Licenses &
Permits, S213,500
lnterest, S34,600 Other Taxes,
$212,300
Franchise Taxes,
s742,500

4.9 EDUCATION AND OUTREACH CAPABITITIES
This type of locol copobility refers to educotion ond outreoch progroms ond methods olreody in ploce thot could be used to implement mitigotion octivities ond communicote hozord-reloted informotion. Exomples include noturol disoster or sofety-reloted school progromsi porticipotion in community progrqms such qs Firewise or StormReody; ond octivities conducled os port of hozord qworeness compoigns such os on Eorthquoke Aworeness Month (Februory eoch yeor), Notionol Preporedness Month (September), or the Greot Colifornio ShokeOut (o stotewide eorthquoke drill thot hoppens onnuolly on the third Thursdoy of October). The City odditionolly offers the Community Emergency Response Teom (CERT) troinings in Sponish ond English ond hos over 200 CERT-troined volunteers throughout the city. The City olso hos resumed the LISTOS troining in Sponish ond English.

The difference between CERT ond LISTOS is thot LISTOS focuses on the reoding to respond to on emergency with relotion to on individuol or fomily unit whereos CERT focuses on o wider Community lntergov Grants
57,t29,600
rges for Serv
L,298,
28 Februory 2023
Chopler 4.0. Copobility Assessmenf
response. The City con copitolize on its existing educotionql copocities, even non-hozord reloted such os school portnerships, ond build new copobilities to educote ihe lorger community on hozord risk ond mitigotion options.
ln oddition to the countywide resources described in Section 4.2.5,Counly Fducofion ond Oufreoch Copobilifies, this section describes severol existing outreoch progroms lhot ore used to promote community oworeness ond reodiness for noturol disosters qnd hozords in the €ity. Additionolly, the neighbor to neighbor progrom first piloted in 2019 will be o cornerstone progrom for o voriety of services provided by the city including emergency preporedness, neighborhood wotch ond the development of qn effective communicotion tree during emergencies.

As port of our communicotion ond outreoch, we hove o website ond poge dedicote do Emergency Preporedness ot https://corpinterioco.gov/locol-info/emergency-preporedness/. We hove sociol medio for ongoing communicotion obout emergencies, os well os o bimonthly newsletter thot is sent in English ond one thot is sent in Sponish. As port of the content lhe city publishes, we include emergency preporedness reminders for exomple worning system educotion, evocuqtion educotion, outreoch obout plons ond policies including the City of Corpinterio LHMP updote.

The City of Corpinterio hos one stoff member thot is ossigned to Emergency Services, including ongoing troinings ond porticipotion in coordinotion with the County of Sonto Borboro Office of Emergency Monogement in ony emergency ond emergency plonning.

The Emergency Services Progrom Monoger receives ond reviews oll lorge events thot require City permits qnd colloborotes with nomed event coordinotors for the development of emergency plons in coordinotion with low enforcement within the iurisdiction including but not limited to the Sonto Borboro County Sherriff's Office, Corpinterio Fire District, Stote Porks, ond the Corpinterio School District.

4.IO LEGAL AND REGUTATORY CAPABILITIES
The legol ond regulotory copobilities of the City ore shown in Tqble 4-2, which presents the existing ordinonces ond codes thot offect the physicol or built environment of Corpinterio. Exomples of legol ondf or regulotory copobilities con include the City's building codes, zoning ordinonces, subdivision ordinonces, Generol/Coqstol Lond Use Plon, copitol improvement plons, economic development plons, emergency response plons, ond reol estote disclosure plons.

Toble 4-2. City of Corpinterio Copobilily Summory of Relevonl Plons, Ordinonces, ond Progroms Relevqnl Plqns, Ordinonces, ond Progroms
Generol Plon X
Lond Use Plon/Element X
Zoning Ordinonce X
Subdivision Ordinonce X
Flood Domoge Proteciion Ordinonce (Floodploin Monogement Regulotions) X Wotershed Monogement Ordinonce X
lntegroted Pest Monogemeni Plon X
City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hqzord Mitigotion Plon 29 legol ond Regulofory Copobilifies
Relevonl Plons, Ordinonces, ond Progroms
Building Code X
Fire Deportment ISO Roting
Slormwoter Monogement Progrom
Copitol lmprovement Progrom
Economic Development Plon
Emergency Operotions Plon X
Seo Level Rise Vulnerobility Assessment ond Adoptofion plon X Dune ond Shoreline Monogement Plon X
Strotegic Energy Plon
Tronsportotion Emergency Preporedness Plon
Sonto Monico Debris Bosin Emergency Action Plon
Community Wildfire Protection Plon X
Locol Wildfire Mitigotion Plon
Locol Wildlond Fire Plon
Tsunomi Response Plon
The City hos o ronge of guidonce documents ond plons for eoch of its deportments. These include copitql improvement plons, emergency monogement plons, Generol Plon/Coostol Lond Use plon (GP/CLUP), Seo Level Rise Vulnerobility Assessment ond Adoprotion Plon, ond flood response guidelines. The City uses building codes, fire codes, zoning ordinonces, subdivision ordinonces, ond vqrious plonning strotegies to oddress how ond where development occurs. One of the essentiol woys the City guides its future development qnd progroms is through policies loid out in the Generol Plon, including the Sofety Element. The LHMP directly informs these plons ond is used to evoluore the need for odiustments or updotes to existing plons ond progroms. The City considers the LHMp's ossessment of copobilities, hozords, ond vulnerobilities to inform plonning, copitol improvements, progroms, decision-mokers, ond the public. The City olso implements mitigqtion octions through the City's generol plon, copitol improvement progrom, mointenonce progroms, gront progromming, community outreoch, ond budget process. The following plons were reviewed by the LPT ond relevont informotion wos incorporoted into the LHMP.

4.lO.l Cify of Corpinteric Generql Plqn
The GP/CLUP is the primory plonning policy document for the City. The City is currently in the process of updoting its GP/CLUP qnd expects it to be completed in 2024. The current Generol plon wos odopted in 2003. The content of the Generol Plon is orronged to ochieve the community gool, which is to preserve the essentiol chorocter of the beoch town, its fomily-oriented residentiol neighborhoods, its unique visuol ond noturol resources, ond its open, rurol surroundings while enhoncing recreotion, culturol, ond economic opportunities for its citizens. The following ore subiect to chonge when the updoted GP /CLU? is finolized in 2024.

The Corpinterio Generol Plon is orgonized into seven elements:
o Lond Use
30 Februory 2023
Chopfer 4.0. Copobilify Assessmenf
o Community Design
o Circulqtion
o Open Spoce & Conservotion
o Sofety
o Noise
o Public Focilities & Services
Post-2Q24, the updoted Generol Plon will introduce two new elements:
o Heolthy Community
o Coostol Resiliency
Lqnd Use Elemenl
The Lond Use Element is the bosis of the Lond Use Plon of the City's Locol Coostol Progrom (Colifornio Coostol Act of 1976,930108.5). The Lond Use Element estoblishes the type ond density of lond uses ond guides growth ond development by presenting o plon thot reflects the community's desire to mointoin ond enhonce on enioyoble, bolonced quolity of life. One lond use obiective thot correlqtes with hozord mitigotion is to reduce the density or intensity of o porticulor porcel if worronted by conditions such os topogrophy, geologic, or flood hqzords, hobitot oreos, or steep slopes. The Plon suggests thqt this con be ochieved by estoblishing on environmentolly sensitive overloy district in the City's Zoning Ordinonce. The overloy district would hove to include density ond porcel size criterio for determining the oppropriote intensity of these oreos.

Sqfety Element
Specific to hozord mitigotion, the Sofety Element identifies known public sofety hozords including seismic ond other geologic hozords, flood hozords, slope stobility, soil hozords, ond fire hozords.

Through the identificotion of vqrious noturol ond monmode hqzords, the City of Corpinterio qims to minimize the respective risks. Mony of the identified risks con be ovoided through odherence to stondord policy while others moy be lessened through the use of mitigotion meosures in the plonning qnd lond use review process. The LHMP is incorporoted by reference in the Sofety Element.

Key opplioble policies ore presented below.
o Seismicolly lnduced Hqzqrds All buildings requiring o building permit ore to be reviewed by the City's Building inspector. Coostol instollotions require o wove oction uprush sludy to demonstrote thot the structure will withstond high surf. r Slope Stqbiliry Hozqrds All developed oreos ot risk of bluff foilure be protected from bluff retreqt over o 1OO-yeor term.
o Soil Hszards New development on oreos identified os hoving o high potentiol for exponsive soil, soil seltlement, or hydro compoction, then foundotion recommendotions sholl be mode by o quolified geotechnicol engineer.
o Flood Hqzqrds New development in flood hozord qreqs sholl comply with the City's Floodploin Monogement Meosures ond obtoin the necessory permits.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sqnto Borboro Couniy Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 3r
a
o
legol ond Regulotory Copobilities
Fire Hqzsrds All new ond redevelopment proiects sholl be reviewed ond opproved by the CSFPD.

Hqzqrdous Mqteriols City policies concerning the use, storoge, tronsportqtion, ond disposol of hozqrdous moteriols sholl reflect the County of Sonto Borboro ond the Stote Regionol Woter Quolity Control Boord policies ond requirements ond sholl ensure thot the use, storoge, lronsportotion, ond disposol of hozqrdous moteriols does not result in hozordous dischorge or runoff. Hozordous moteriqls or wostes stored in closed contoiners ot q focility should not be within 50 feet of on odiocent property. New residences should not be locoted odiocent to known hondlers of ocutely hozordous moteriols. Further, before the development of ony site identified os hoving been used for the storoge of hozordous moteriols, the City sholl require the developer to submit documentotion to demonstrote thot testing hos been conducted to determine the existence ond extent of soil ondfor groundwoter contominotion ond thot, bosed on the results, on oppropriote cleon-up progrom is estqblished ond completed. Hobitoble structures should not be locoted close to gos pipelines, roilrood rights-of-woy, oils wells, or other corridors thot hove the potentiol for hozordous moteriqls leoks.

4.10.2 Cify of Corpinterio Emergency Operctions plon
This Emergency Operotion Plon oddresses the City's plonned response to extroordinory emergencies ossocioted with nqturol disosters, technologicol ond intentionql incidents, ond notionol securily emergencies. The document is divided into four ports:
o Porl l- Bosic Plcn. Overoll orgonizotionol ond operotionol concepts relotive to response ond recovery, os well os qn overview of potentiol hozords. The intended oudience is the EOC Monogement Teqm.
r Pqrl ll - Emergency Orgonizalion Funclions. Description of the emergency response orgonizotion ond emergency oction checklists. The intended oudience is the EOC Monogement Teom.
o Porl lll- Hozqrd Appendix. Provides threot ossessments thqt identify ond summorize the hqzords which could impoct the City.
o Pqrl lV - Supporling Documenlqlion. Provides supporting documentotion to the City's Emergency Operotion Plqn thqt identifies Stondordized Emergency Monogement System ond Notionol lncident Monogement System complionce os well os other required informotion.

With regords to hozords mitigotion, the document cites thor Section 322 of public Low I 06-3g0 (Disoster Mitigotion Act [DMA] of 2000) requires, os o condition of receiving certoin federol disoster oid, thot locol governments develop o mitigotion plon thqt outlines processes for identifying the noturol hozords, risks, ond vulnerobilities in their iurisdiction. lt olso ossigns key responsibilities to locol government regording hozord mitigotion responsibilities. The Ciry, in coordinqtion with the County Office of Emergency Monogement (OEM), hos prepored the 2022 Muhi-Jurisdictionol Hqzord Mitigotion Plon (MJHMP) Updote.
l
32 Februory 2023
Chopfer 4.0. Copobilify Assessmenf
The City's emergency monogement orgonizotion is responsible for recovery policy ond coordinotion through the ioint efforts of governmentol ond privote orgonizotions. Following o moior disoster, recovery octions would occur in two generol phoses: Short-Term ond Long-Term Recovery. Recovery operotions would be monoged ond directed by the City Monoger.

The gool of short-term recovery is to restore locol government to ot leost o minimum copocity. The moior obiectives of short-term recovery operotions include ropid debris removol ond cleon-up os well os restorotion of essentiol services, such os electricity, woter, ond sonitory systems. ln controst, the gool of long-term recovery is to restore focilities to ot leost pre-disoster conditions. the moior obiectives of long-term recovery operotions include the delivery of sociol ond heolth services, reviewing potentiol improvements to lond use plonning, re-estoblishing the locol economy to predisoster levels, recovery of disoster response costs, ond integroting mitigotion strotegies into recovery plonning.

The Hozord Mitigotion Gront Progrom (HMGP) provides gronts to stotes ond locol governments to implement long-term hozord mitigotion meosures ofter o moior disoster declorotion. The purpose of the HMGP is to reduce the loss of life ond property due to noturol disosters ond to enoble mitigotion meosures to be implemented during the immediote recovery from o disoster.

The Emergency Operotion Plon olso includes on orgqnizotionql motrix which would be used to designote responsibilities to vorious City deportmenls ond ogencies. Checklists ore provided for core ond shelter needs, which would be odministered by the Deportment of Sociql Services; odditionql checklists ore provided to ossist those with disobilities ond other speciol needs, to inspect buildings for re-occuponcy of key focilities, ond to ensure the mointenqnce ond restorqtion of utilities ond criticol infrostructure.

To enhonce the copobility for the City to respond to emergencies, o Plonning/lntelligence section is provided. lts responsibility is to collect, evoluote, disploy ond disseminote incident informotion ond resource stolus. This Section functions qs the primory support for decision-moking to the overoll emergency orgonizotion.

The Logistics Section's primory responsibility is to ensure the ocquisition, tronsportotion, ond mobilizotion of resources to support the response effort ot lhe disoster sites, public shelters, EOCs, etc. This Section provides oll necessory personnel, supplies, ond equipment procurement support. lts obiectives include the collection of informotion to determine needs ond prepore for expected operotions, the coordinotion of logisticol support with the EOC Director, ond the preporotion of reports required for identifying lhe octivities performed by the Logistics Section.

The Finonce qnd Administrotion Section's responsibility is to mointoin the finonciol systems necessory to keep the City functioning during o disqster. These systems include poyroll, pqyments, revenue collection, cloim processing, ond cost recovery documentotion. The Finonce/Administrotion Section octs in o support role in oll disosters/emergencies to ensure thot oll required records ore preserved for future use ond thot documentotion is properly orchived for Colifornio Office of Emergency Services (Col OES) ond Federol Emergency Monogement Agency (FEMA) filing requirements.

The City will continue to review this LHMP when determining updotes to lhe Copitol lmprovement Plon, so thot new/ongoing proiects moy toke into considerotion hozord mitigotion meosures (see olso, Chopter 8, Plon Morntenonce).

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonfo Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 33 l
legol ond Regulolory Copobilities

4.10.3 Cily of Corpinterio Strotegic Energy Plon
The SEP wos prepored in portnership wilh the County of Sontq Borboro ond the City of Goleto to prepore for emergencies by improving the resiliency of the locol electric distribution system. lncreosing resiliency by promoting locol renewoble energy, energy efficiency, ond energy storoge proiects will ollow the residents ond businesses in Corpinteriq to reduce their dependence on the locol electric distribution system ond increose electricity reliobility during power outoges.

The SEP includes solor photovoltoic (PV) energy considerotions, which holds the most potentiol for electricity generotion in the City. Due to o lock of developoble lqnd in the Corpinterio oreo for utility-scole instollotions, the City insteod contoins opportunities for residentiql ond commerciql distributed electricity instollotions. lf implemented on existing City structures, on estimqted I B,OOO lo 24,OOQ households could be powered by the 51 to 69 Gigowott hours generoted onnuolly if borriers such os funding ore overcome. With the utilizotion of PV energy resource options, the City would contoin more relioble electricity during both emergency ond non-emergency scenorios, supporting o cleoner ond more resilient future.

The SEP recommends strotegies to reoch renewed energy gools ond increose the overoll resiliency of Corpinterio's energy system. Strotegies include:
o Updote residentiol ond commerciol solor ond solor storoge permitting procedures to reduce permitting borriers
o lnstitute energy benchmorks for existing lorge commerciol buirdings o Creote o bockup inverler progrom to prepore for emergencies by improving the resiliency of the locol electric distribution system.
r Develop o community solor proiect in portnership with investor-owned utilities or o community choice oggregotion
o Creotion of o new finoncing mechonism so thqt residents ond businesses con offord to buy solor proiects. This moy be ochieved through o portnership with o privote foundotion or government ogencies.
o lntroduce finonciol incentives for solor odoption
o Diversify City funding streoms
o Creqte o formol Energy Assuronce Plon to protect key sites so thot they continue to operote in the event of ony disoster or electricity outoge.
o Support o Countywide One-Stop-Shop to leod educotion efforts in the City e Advocote for City energy gools ot o stote ond Federol level.

4.10.4 Cify of Corpinterio Wotershed Monogement Ordinqnce ln 201 4,the City odopted Ordinonce No.662, odding Chopter 8.10, Wotershed Monogemenf, to the City of Corpinterio Municipol Code. This ordinonce estqblishes woter quolity protections to oll woter entering storm droin systems or woters of the stote, consistent with the Cteon Wqter Act ond Porter-Cologne Act. The ordinonce prohibits the dischorge of pollutonts or woters contoining pollutonts into the municipol storm droin system or wotercourses. The ordinonce olso describes the 34 Februory 2023
Chopter 4.0, Copobilify Assessmenl
responsibility of new development ond redevelopment to identify ond implement best monogement proctices to reduce pollutonts in ony stormwoter runoffs ond the responsibility to comply with terms ond provisions of opplicoble permits, including the NPDES permit. All potentiol development proiects with the potentiol to generqte dischorge of pollutonts thot would degrode woter quolity must odhere to stormwoter monqgement controls included in the chopter.

4.10.5 Ciry of Corpinleric Seo Level Rise Vulnerobility Assessment ond Adoptotion Plqn The Seo Level Rise Vulnerobility Assessment qnd Adoptotion Plon (SLRVAAP) provide o comprehensive ossessment of the vulnerqbilities of City resources, structures, qnd infrostructure, os well os the potentiql for fulure domoges to the City ossocioted with vorious coqstol hozords, including seo level rise. The plon is intended to support odoption plonning by identifying o full ronge of potentiol future odoptotion strotegies thot con be employed lo reduce the risk of future domoges os well os thresholds of impocts thot con guide long-term lond use ond plonning gools, policies, ond progroms, including implementotion meosures reloted to citywide physicol developmenl.

The plon summorizes the existing ond future vulnerobilities of I I key resource ond infrostructure sectors, provides on overview of potentiol risks coused by coostol flooding, coostol erosion, ond tidol inundotion to these I I resource sectors, qnd identifies potentiol odoption strotegies to oddress potentiol coostol hozords reloted to seo level rise. Recommended odoption strotegies include:
o Prepore o winter storm berm progrom
o Prepore ond U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) Stromo Domoge ond Shoreline Protection Feosibility Study
o City coordinqtion ond/or colloborotion with Beoch Erosion Authority for Cleon Oceons ond Nourishment (BEACON) to optimize protection of City resources from coostol hozords o Creote o cobble ond vegetotive dune syslem olong the shoreline o Work with BEACON to develop o sedimentotion progrom olong beoches ond bluffs ond opportunities for beoch nourishment
o Develop sond retention structures
o Develop stormwoter infrostructure improvements
o Estoblish policy ond progrom fromework for odoptotion such qs development stondqrds for the occommodotion of seq level rise. Additionolly, ploce o speciol zone district over properties within defined coostol hozord oreos with the provision of odditionol odoptotion options to ovoid lhe need for developers to seek costly vorionces for proiects thot ore designed to ovoid or occommodote seo level rise hozords but moy not be consistent with existing zoning o Relocote development subiect to repetitive domoge ond highly vulneroble utility infrostructure o Protect the UPRR ond Los Angeles-Son Diego-Son Luis Obispo (LOSSAN) Roil Corridor by elevoting the roilrood in the downtown region, roising the roilrood on o cousewoy in the Corpinterio Solt Morsh oreo, ond ormoring the Corpinterio bluffs.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 35 legol ond Regulofory Copobilifies

4.10.6 corpinterio-summerlqnd Fire Prorecrion Mqster plon 2ol 2 - 2oz2 The Corpinterio-Summerlond Fire Protection Mqster Plon outlines fte roles, responsibilities, immediote ond long-ronge gools of the four divisions of the CSFPD. The four divisions include the Administrotion Division, Operotions Division, Troining Division, ond Fire Prevention Division. The Administrotion Division is responsible for plonning, directing, ond evoluoting fte functions of the Fire District including finonciol odministrotion ond budget preporotion. The Operotion Division, monoged by the Bottolion Chief of Operotions, is responsible for meeting the doy-to-doy operotions of the Fire District, including but not limited to structurol fire suppression, wildlond fire suppression, emergency medicol services, rescue services, hozordous moteriols mitigotion, ond surf rescue. The Troining Division, monoged by the Bottolion Chief of Troining, is responsible for preporing the stoff to deliver service. The Fire Prevention Division, monoged by the fire morshol, is responsible for the implementotion of odopted codes qnd stondords os lhey relote to new ond future development. This function includes but is not limited to plon review, new construction inspection, oddressing ond certifying of occuponcies.

4.10.7 Nolionol Flood lnsurqnce Progrom
The City of Corpinterio is porticipoting community of the Notionol Flood lnsuronce Progrom (NFlp).

As stoted by FEMA, "The NFIP oims to reduce the impoct of flooding on privote ond public structures.

It does so by providing offordoble insuronce to property owners ond by encouroging communities to odopt ond enforce floodploin monqgement regulotions. These efforts help mitigote the effects of flooding on new ond improved structures. Overoll, the progrom reduces the socio-economic impoct of disosters by promoling the purchose ond retention of generol risk insuronce, but olso of f lood insuronce, specificolly."
FEMA Flood lnsuronce Rotes Mops (FlRMs) ore developed os port of the NFIP ond identify oreos in the County thot ore vulneroble to flooding. The flood zones identified on the FIRMs ore oreos susceptible to 100-yeor ond 500-yeor flood events. A I OO-yeor ond SOo-yeor storm event is when storms hove o I percent or O.2 percent onnuol chonce of occurrence. Another meosure of the probobility of occurrence of o 100-yeor storm is there is ot leost o 26-percent chonce of o I OOyeor storm during the life of o 3O-yeqr mortgoge. Estimoted porcels ore locoted within these l0Oyeor floodploin oreos (see Toble 6-'16).

The informotion in the Flood lnsuronce Study ond resultont FIRMs is bosed on historic, meteorologicol, hydrologic, hydroulic, ond topogrophic doto, os well os open-spoce conditions, flood control works, ond development within the study oreo. Other informotion included on the mops includes Speciol Flood Hozord Areos (SFHA), Bqse Flood Elevotions (BFE), ond insuronce risk zones. FIRMs ore used to determine ihe BFE ot specific sites or if o specific property is locqted in o floodploin or SFHA to odminister floodploin monogement regulotions, determine potentiol locotions for new development, qnd moke flood insuronce determinotions.
ln 2012, the City odopted Ordinonce No. 658 omending Chopters 14.40 ond 15.50 of the Corpinterio Municipol Code for consistency with NFIP requirements. The Public Works Deportment is the leod deportment in enforcing the Floodploin Monogement Regulotions. All development proiects locoted within o SFHA must comply with the Floodploin Monogement Regulotions. 36 Februory 2023
Chopler 4,0. Copobilify Assessrnenf
Repetitive Loss (RL) Properties
Repetitive loss properties ore defined os property thot is insured under the NFIP thot hos filed two or more cloims qbove $1,000 eoch within ony consecutive lO-yeor period since 1928. FEMA repetitive loss doto shows thot there hove been l8 properties in Corpinterio with multiple clqims ogoinst rhe NFIP. Four of these properties hove hod more thon three insuronce cloims, ond one of them hos hod o totol of six cloims (City of Corpinterio 2019).

4.T I OPPORTUNITIES FOR MITIGATION CAPABITITY IMPROVEMENTS The City continuously strives to mitigote the odverse effects of potentiol hozords through ils existing copobilities while olso evoluoting the opportunities for improvements. Bosed on the copobility ossessment, the City hos existing regulotory, odminisfrqtive/technicol, educotion/outreoch, ond fiscol mechonisms in ploce thot help to mitigote hozords. ln oddition to these existing copobilities, there ore opportunities for the City to expond or improve on these policies ond progroms to further protect the community:
o Regulstory Opportunilies: As port of this updote, the City will comply with AB 2140 by omending its Sofety Element to incorporqte the LHMP by reference. The City will consider the LHMP in policy, lond use plons, ond progroms, including coostol hozord ond seo level rise plonning. For exomple, the City's Seo Level Rise Vulnerqbility Assessment ond Adoptotion Plon recommends storm domoge ond shoreline protection strotegies to study ond develop to reduce coostol hozords in the City. The City oims to oddress emerging issues ossocioted with shoreline monogemeni ond protection, including continued implementotion of the winter storm berm progrom ond long-ronge plonning for coostol resilience os port of the ongoing updote of the City's Generol Plon ond Coostol Lond Use Plon.
o Adminislrotive/Technicql Opportunities: The City continues to improve its resilience to ensure emergency response operotions ore sustoined during o hozordous event, including improvements to public sofety focilities ond plonning. The City oims fo improve its resilience to ensure emergency response operotions ore sustoined during on hozordous event, including exponding porticipotion in the NFIP ond Repetitive Loss Progrom ond ensuring emergency response supplies ore stocked ond ovoiloble ot City Holl. Enhqncements to hozord troining for stoff in portnership with the County ond other ogencies or stokeholders would improve the City's obility to mitigote hqzords with the lotest knowledge ond resources. The City con olso include o review of the LHMP os port of its yeorly Annuol Plon development o yeorly budget development so thot the priorities in this plonning document ore occurotely reflected in our octionoble plonning documents. This ensures thqt the mitigotion priorities loid out, ore odopted by the oppropriote deportments, ond ore odequotely funded in the short ond long terms. o Oulreqch Opporlunities: Enhonced community outreoch, emergency notificotions, ond troinings would further enhonce the City's copobilities to respond to ond recover from hozords. The City could expond outreoch through digitol tools such os sociol medio, porticipote in the Greot Colifornio ShokeOut, ond increose FireWise outreoch events ond medio coverqge. The City could olso improve eorly worning systems to help with effective evocuotion in the event of City of Corpinterio Locql Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 37 i
l
l
Overview
wildfire or eorthquoke. The City's communicotion plon includes bilinguol communicotion qbout our priorities os stoted in its onnuol plon so thot community leoders ond communily members understond the City's hozord mitigotion needs ond ossociqted resources including stoff time ond finqnciol priorities. Stoff in emergency services for the City of Corpinterio continues ongoing colloborotion with County Office of Emergency monogement on topics thot directly impoct the City including emergency olert systems, community educotion, emergency infrostructure ond more. Stoff continues ongoing troining to respond to disosters ond be prepored to respond to hozords thot moy potentiolly strike the oreq.

Fiscql Opporlunities: The City con updote its CIP to include hozord mitigotion octions from the LHMP ond reloted documents such os the Seo Level Rise Vulnerobility Assessment ond Adoptotion Plon ond the Generol Plon/CLUP updote. The City will continue to seek gronts (e.g., HMGP, BRIC) to fund these CIP proiects ond reloted proiects in the City's mitigotion strotegy.

The City con seek opportunities to portner with the County ondfor other stokeholder ogencies in gront opplicotions to oddress regionol hozords more effectively. The City could olso consider exponding its fiscol copobilities through its onnuol budget process ond other revenue meosures (e.9., roising toxes, property ossessments, bonds).

5.0 HAZARD ASSESSMENT

5.t ovERVtEW
The purpose of this section is to review, updote, ondf or volidote the hozords identified for the 2022 City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon (LHMP). The intent is to confirm ond updote the description, locotion ond extent, ond history of hozords focing the City of Corpinterio (City) now ond in the future. This ossessment olso considers the potentiol exocerboting effects of climqte chonge. The importonce of this review is to ensure thot decisions qnd mitigoting octions ore bosed on the most up-to-dqte informotion ovoiloble.

Another purpose of this section is to screen the hozords to determine their relotive probobiliry ond severity to inform the risk posed to vorious communities ond resources. This ossessment will provide on understqnding of the significonce by ronking hozords by their priority in the City.

5.2 HAZARD ASSESSMENT
ln 202'1, the Mitigotion Advisory Committee (MAC) reviewed qnd revised I ) the list of hozords by community or geogrqphic oreo; 2) the informotion ond moteriol presented for eoch hozord; ond 3) the prioritizotion of the hozords. The City refined the list of hozords opplicoble to the City ond confirmed the hqzord prioritizotion. The following sections provide the results of this effort.

5.2.1 Hozqrd ldentificotion
The City is susceptible to noturol ond humon-coused hqzords. This LHMP updote identifies ond screens these hozords. Screening hozords intends to help prioritize which hqzords present the greotest risks to the community. ln totol, 23 hozords hove been identified ond investigoted for this 38 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hszord,Assessmenf
LHMP updofe. ln olphobeticol order, fte hozords identified ond investigoted for the City's LHMP updote include:
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a

5.2.2 Agriculturol Pests
Civil Disturbonce
Coqstql Hozqrds
Cyber Threot
Dom Foilure
Drought & Woter Shortoge
Eorthquoke
Energy Shortoge & Resiliency
Extreme Heot/Freeze
Flood
Geologic Hozords
Hozordous Moteriols Releose
Hqzqrd Screening/Priorilizqtion
o lnvosive Species
e Londslide
r Mudflow & Debris Flow
o Noturol Gos Pipeline Rupture
o Oil Spill
o Pondemic/PublicHeolthEmergency
o Terrorism
o Troin Accident
o Tsunomi
o Wildfire
I Windstorm
Historicol doto, cotostrophic potentiol, relevonce to the iurisdiction, ond the probobility ond potentiol mognitude of future occurrences were oll used to identify ond prioritize the list of hozords most relevont in the City. The City completed the Plon Updote Guide to stort the process of screening ond rqnking hozords. The Plqn Updote Guide required scoring of the hozords bosed on the frequency/probobility of occurrence, geogrophic extent, potentiol mognitude/severity of the hozord, ond overoll significonce. As shown in Toble 5-1, the scores for frequency/probobility of occurrence, geogrophic extent, potentiol mognitude/severity of the hozord, ond overqll significonce ore ossigned numericol points. Ronkings with o greoter impoct, such os Highly Likely for Frequency/Probobility of Occurrence ond Exfensive for Geogrophic Extent, ore ossocioted with o higher number of points, while ronkings with o smoller impoct qre ossocioted with o lower number of points (e.g., timifed for Geogrophic Extent). The hqzord prioritizotion included in this LHMP updote is primorily bosed on the numericol ronking completed with the City's Plon Updote Guide.

The City of Corpinterio Locol Plonning Teom (LPT) refined the list of hozords identified in the MultiJurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon (MJHMP) to focus on the hozords with the potentiol to impoct the City.

Toble 5-1. Hqzqrd Screening ond Ronking
Hozord Type
Frequency/
Probobility of
Occurrence
Geogrophic
Exlenl
Potentiql
Mognitude/
Severily
Overqll
Significonce Tolol Score
Agriculturol Pests 2 Occosionol 'l Limited 1 Negligible I Low 5 Civil Disturbonce 3 Likely I Limited I Negligible I Low 6 Coostol Hozords 4 Highly Likely 2 Significonr 3 Criticol 3 Hish 12 Cyber Threot 2 Occosionol 2 Significont 2 Limited 2 Medium 9 Dom Foilure 2 Occosionol 2 Significont 3 Criticol 2 Medium I City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mhigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 39 Hozsrd Assessmenl
I
I
I
I
I
l
Hozord Type
Frequency/
Probobility of
Occurence
Geogrophic
Exlenl
Potentiol
Mognilude/
Severily
Overcll
Significonce Totol Score
Drought & Woter
Shortoge 3 Likely 3 Extensive 3 Criticol 2 Medium ll
Eorthquoke 3 Likely 3 Extensive 4 Cotostrophic 3 Hish r3 Energy Shortoge &
Resiliency 3 Likely 3 Extensive 2 Limited 3 High 'tl
Extreme Heot &
Freeze 4 Hishly Likely 3 Exlensive 2 Limired I Low r0
Flood 4 Hishly Likely 3 Extensive 4 Cotostrophic 3 Hish 14 Geologic Hozords 2 Occosionol 2 Significont 2 Limited 'l Low 7 Hozordous
Moteriols Releose
2 Occosionol I Limired 2 Limited 2 Medium 7
lnvosive Species 2 Occosionol 2 Significont I Negligible 'I Low 6 Londslide 2 Occosionol I Limited 3 Criticol 2 Medium 8
Mudflow & Debris
Flow 4 Highly Likely 2 Significont 4 Cotostrophic 3 Hish r3 Noturol Gos
Pipeline Rupture 2 Occosionol 1 Limired 2 Limited 3 Hish OilSpill 2 Occosionol I Limired 2 Limited 3 Hish 8
Pondemic/Public
Heolth Emergency 4 Highly Likely 3 Exlensive 3 Criticol 2 Medium 12 Terrorism 1 Unlikely 2 Significont 2 Limited I Low 6
Troin Accident 2 Occosionol I Limired 2 Limited 2 Medium 7 Tsunomi 1 Unlikely 2 Significont 3 Criticol 2 Medium I
Wildfire 3 Likely I Limited 3 Criticol 2 Medium 9
Windslorm 2 Occosionol 2 Significont I Negligible I Low 6 Freouencv/Probobilily of
Occurrence:
4 - Highly likely' Neor 100%
probobility in next yeor
3 - likely' Between I O ond IOO%
probobility in next yeor or ot leost
one chonce in I O yeors
2 - Occosionql: Between I ond l0%
probobility in next yeor or ot leost
one chonce in next I 00 yeors
| - Unlikely: Less thon l%o
probobility in next l0O yeors.

Potentio I Mqg nitude/Severitv:
4 - coloslrophie Multiple deoths, o complete shutdown of focilities for 30 doys or more, more thon 50% of property within the City is severely domoged
3 ' criticol: Multiple severe iniuries, o complete shutdown of focirities for ot leqst 2 weeks, more thon 25o/o of property within the City is severely domoged
2 ' Limited: some iniuries, complete shutdown of criticol focilities for more thon one week, more rhon 't 0 percent of the property within ihe City is severely domoged
I - Negligible: Minor iniuries, minimol quoliry-of-life impoct, o shutdown of criticol focilities ond services ior 24hovrs or less, less thon lo percent of the property within the City is severely domoged
Geogrophic Extent:
3 - Extensive: 50-100% of rhe City
2 - Significonl: l0-50% of rhe City
I - Limited: Less rhon l0% of rhe
City
Overoll Significqnce:
3 - High: Widespreod potenriol impocr
2 - Medium: Moderote potentiol impoct
I - Low: Minimol potentiol impoct
The hozords thot scored the most points were considered to hove the highest priority ond the hozords with the leost points were considered to hove the lowest priority. Toble 5-2 lists the hozord 40 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
types in order of highest priority to lowest priority, using the scoring methodology described obove.

Given the overoll prioritizotion of hozord types, os summorized in Toble 5-l obove, the discussion of hozords in Section 5.3 is orgonized os shown in Toble 5-2 in descending order with "higher priorily" hozords listed ot the top ond the "lower priorily" hozqrds ot the botlom.

Tqble 5-2. Hozqrd Priority in lhe City of Corpinterio
County Hozqrds Prioritizqtion Totql Number
of Poinls
Flood 14
Mudflow & Debris Flow r3
Eorthquoke & Liquefoction 'r3
Coostol Hozords t2
Pondemic/Public Heolth Emergency 12
Energy Shortoge & Resiliency 't1
Drought & Woter Shortoge ll
Extreme Heot/Freeze r0
Dom Foilure 9
Wildfire 9
Tsunomi 8
Cyber Threot 8
Noturol Gos Pipeline Rupture 8
OilSpill 8
Troin Accident 7
Londslide 7
Hozordous Moteriols Releose 7
Geologic Hozords 7
Windstorm 6
Civil Disturbonce 6
Terrorism 6
lnvqsive Species 6
Agriculturol Pests 5

5.2.3 Approcch qnd Methodology
This hozords ossessment covers the entire geogrophicol
oreo of the City. The following moteriol provides on
overview of the hozords. More informqtion con be found in the Stote of Colifornio Multi-Hozord Mitigotion Plon ond the Sonto Borboro County 2022 MJHMP.

Section 5.3 contoins detoiled hozord profiles for the
identified hozords. Eqch hozord profiled includes the
following subsections:

Section 5.3 contoins "lncidenl
Profiles" to describe o recent
exomple of o hozordous incident
within the counly thot required
response.

I
I
City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 41 o
a
Hozsrd Profiles
Description of Hqzord - This section gives o description of the hozord ond ossocioted issues followed by detoils on the hozords specific to the city of corpinterio. locqlion qnd Exlenl of Hozqrd in the Ciry of Carpinterio - This section gives o spotiol description of the potentiol locotion or oreos of the City of Corpinterio thot the hozord is expected to impoct. This section olso describes fte potentiol strength or mognitude of the hozord os it pertoins to the City of Corpinterio
Hislory of Hqzqrd in lhe Cily of Corpinterio - This section contqins informotion on historicol incidents, including impocts where known.

Probcbility of Occurrence - The frequency of post events is used in this section to gouge the likelihood of future occurrences. Where possible, the frequency wos colculoted bosed on existing dqto. lt wos determined by dividing the number of events observed by the number of yeors on record ond multiplying by 100. This gives the percent chonce of on event hoppening in ony given yeor (e.g., three droughts over 30 yeors equotes to o I O percent chonce of o drought in ony given yeor). The likelihood of future occurrences is cotegorized into one of the following clossif icqtions:
r Highly Likely - Neor '100 percent chonce of occurrence in next yeor or hoppens every yeor.
r likely - Between 'l 0 ond l0O percent chonce of occurrence in next yeor or hos o recurrence intervol of I O yeqrs or less.
o Occqsionql - Between I ond 'l 0 percent chqnce of occurrence in the nexl yeor or hos o recurrence intervol of 'l I to 100 yeors.
r Unlikely - Less thon I percent chonce of occurrence in next I O0 yeors or hos o recurrence intervol of greoter thon every 100 yeors.

Climqle Chonge Considerqtions - This section describes the potentiol for climote chonge to offect the frequency, intensity, ond locorion of the hozord in the future.

5.3 HAZARD PROFITES

5.3.1 Flood
Description of Hozqrd
All flooding is o breokdown in surfoce woter conveyonce. Flooding hoppens when woter surposses the copocity of locol woter bodies to contoin it, creeks ond rivers to corry it, or soil lo obsorb it.

When flood control infrostructure foils, woter builds up ond woshes into normolly dry oreos, where it con couse significont hqrm to buildings, people, infrostructure, ond ecosystems. Floods con be coused by heovy roinfoll, long periods of moderote roinfoll, or blocked-off droinoge oreos during roinfoll. A breok in o dom or levee, woter pipe, or woter tonk con olso couse flooding in rore instqnces (see olso, Section 5.3.9, Dom Foilure). Floods thot develop very quickly ore colled flosh floods; they ore especiolly dongerous becouse they give little or no worning. a
a
a
42 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
Floods con couse substontiql domoge to structures, londscopes, ond utilities os well os life sofety issues. Floodwoters con be deep enough to drown people ond move fost enough to corry qwoy people or heovy obiects, such os cors. ln some coses, floods hove lifted buildings off their foundotions (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportmenl 2021). Certoin heolth hozords qre olso common to flood events. Stonding woter qnd wet moteriols in structures con become breeding grounds for microorgonisms such os bocterio, mold, ond viruses. This con couse diseose, trigger ollergic reoctions, ond domoge moteriols long ofter the flood. When floodwoters contoin sewoge or decoying onimol corcosses, o rise in infectious diseose risk becomes o concern.

Direct impocts, such os drowning, con be limited with odequote worning ond public educotion obout whot to do during floods. Where flooding occurs in populoted oreos, wornings ond evocuotion ore criticolly importont to reduce life ond sofety impocts.

The oreo odiocent to o river or streom chonnel is the floodploin. Floodploins ore illustroted on inundotion mops, which show oreos of potentiol flooding ond woter depths. ln its common usoge, the floodploin most often refers to the oreq thot is inundoted by the 1OO-yeor flood, the flood thot hos o one percent chonce in ony given yeor of being equoled or exceeded. The 1OO-yeor flood is the notionql minimum stondord to which communities regulote their floodploins through the Notionsl Flood lnsuronce Progrom (NFIP). The 500-yeor flood is the flood lhot hos o 0.2 percent chonce of being equoled or exceeded in ony given yeor. A 500-yeor flood event would be slightly deeper ond cover o greoter oreo thon o 1OO-yeor flood event (Federol Emergency Monogement Agency IFEMA] 2O2O). The potentiol for flooding con chonge ond increose through vorious lond use chonges ond chonges to the lond surfoce, which con result in o chonge to the floodploin. A chonge in environment con creote locolized flooding problems inside ond outside of noturol floodploins by oltering or confining noturol droinoge chonnels. These chonges ore most often creoted by humon octivity. lnlond flooding is meosured by the size of the oreos flooded per yeor, qnd this will likely increqse os more precipitotion folls in fewer slorms (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2021 J.

The City of Corpinterio is susceptible to vorious types of flood events qs described below. o Riverine flooding - Riverine flooding, defined os the condition when o wqtercourse (e.9., river or chonnel) exceeds its "bonk-full" copocity, generolly occurs os q result of prolonged roinfoll, or rqinfoll thot is combined with olreody soturoted soils from previous roin events. This type of flood occurs in river systems whose tributories moy droin lorge geogrophic oreqs qnd include one or more independent river bosins. Foctors thot directly offect the omount of flood runoff include precipitotion omounl, intensity ond distribution, the omount of soil moisture, seosonol vqriotion in vegetotion, snow depth, ond woter resistonce of the surfoce due to urbonizotion. ln the City, flooding is lorgely coused by heovy ond continued roins, ond heovy flow from tributory streoms. The City's ihree mqin creeks (i.e., Corpinterio Creek, Sonto Monico Creek, ond Fronklin Creek), olong with other smoller droinoges ond tributories con oll present f lood hozords. lntense storms con overwhelm the locol woterwoys os well os the integrity of ony flood control structures.

The worning time ossocioted with slow rise floods ossists in life ond property protection. o Locqlized flooding - Locolized flooding problems ore often coused by flosh flooding, severe weother, or on unusuol omount of roinfoll. Flooding from these intense weother events usuolly City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 43 l
I
Hozord Profiles
occurs in oreos experiencing on increose in runoff from impervious surfoces ossocioted with development ond urbonizotion os well os inodequote storm droinoge systems. r Dqm foilu're flooding - Flooding from o foilure of the Sonto Monico Debris Bosin is olso o concern to the City. A cotoslrophic flood control structurol foilure could eosily overwhelm locol response copobilities to sove lives qnd require moss evocuotions towords lhe north ond south of the City. lmpocts on life sofety will depend on the worning time ond the resources ovoiloble to notify qnd evocuote the public. Loss of life could result, ond there could be ossocioted heolth concerns os well os negotive effects on locol buildings ond infrostructure. Dom foilure is oddressed in more detoil under Section 5.3.9, Dom Foilure. o Cooslql flooding ' Coostol foods come from the Pocific Oceon where lorge woves ore ond con be offected by storm surges. Coostol foods con be very dongerous when high woters ore combined with the destructive forces of woves. ln low-lying coostol oreos, storm surges ond flooding con reoch mony miles from the shoreline, flowing up rivers ond qcross flot lond (FEMA 2Q21o). Coostol flooding hozqrds qre oddressed in more detoil under Section 5.3.4, Coosfol Hozords.

Additionolly, mudflow ond debris flow which con be coused by locolized flooding ore discussed further in Section 5.3.2, Mudflow & Debris FIow.
locqtion qnd Extent of Hqzard in the City of Cqrpinteriq Floods usuolly occur during the roiny seoson, with the highest precipitotion during December through Morch during heovy roinfoll. Streomflow throughout the City is highly vorioble ond directly impocted by roinfoll with little snowmelt or bose flow from heodwoters. Wotercourses con experience dromotic peok flows during high roinfoll events. High omounts of sedimentotion during wet yeors ond high omounts of vegetotive growth during dry ond moderote yeors cqn offect slreom or river chonnel copocity to corry floodwoters.

The droinoges in the City ore chorocterized by high intensity, short durotion runoff events, due to the relotively short distonce from lhe top of the Sonto Ynez Mountoins to the Pocific Oceon. Runoff from high intensity, short-durotion storm events con couse inundotion of overbonk oreos, debris including sediment, rock, downed trees in the wqter thot con plug culverts ond bridges, erosion ond sloughing of bonks, ond loss of chonnel copocity due to sedimentotion. The City is troversed by the floodploins of creeks thqt droin the Sonto Ynez Mountoins, with the degree of flood hozord vorying substontiolly by creek. Some creeks in the City, such os Fronklin ond Sonto Monico Creeks, hove been chonnelized reducing but not eliminoting flood hozords. Other creeks in the City, such os Corpinterio Creek, remoin in o more noturol condition with the corresponding potentiol for flood hozords. The Sonto Monico Debris Bosin wos constructed on Sonto Monico Creek to intercept sediment ond debris, reducing the potentiol for plugging of downstreom creek chonnels ond ossocioted flood hozords. Additionolly, the City moy be subiect to flooding due to flosh flooding, urbon flooding, river chonnel overflow, ond downstreom flooding.

Another contributing foctor to flooding is the City's locotion olong the Pocific Oceon. Low-lying oreos of the City ore susceptible lo wove ottock, coostol flooding, ond storm surge (see Section

5.3.4, Coosfo/ Hozordsl.
44 Februory 2023
Chopter 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
History of Hazqrd in lhe Cily of Corp_inlerio
Flooding hos been o moior problem for communities ond regions olong rivers, creeks, ond the shoreline lhroughout Sonto Borboro County's history. Sonto Borboro County hos severol hydrologic bosins thot hove different types of flooding problems, including over bonk riverine flooding, flosh floods, tidol flooding/tsunomis, ond dom foilure. The most common flooding in Sonto Borboro is due to riverine flooding ond flosh flood events.

Belween l90Z ond 20.l8, Sonto Borboro County experienced 20 significont inlond flood events.

Eight of these floods received Presidentiol Disoster Declorqtions. Refer to Section 5.3.5, Flood of the MJHMP for o detoiled discussion of these 20 significont inlond floods in the county. More recent (since 1995) historicol flood evenls ond yeors, os well os informotion concerning lhe noture of the flooding ond the extent of the domoges, ore described below for floods within the City or in the vicinity.
. 1995 Floods - Two moior storm-reloted flooding events occurred in the winter of I 995 - on Jonuory '10 ond Morch '10. The floods of 1995 brought widespreod flooding to Sonto Borbqro County, with the most severe flooding of creeks olong on the South Coost while the rest of the county wos lorgely spored from serious domoges. Flooding occurred on most moior streqms in the cities of Goleto, Sonto Borboro, ond Corpinterio os well os the community of Montecito.

Both floods cqused closures of rood ond roil tronsportotion for severol hours ond received Presidentiol Disoster Declorotions. Estimoted public ond privote domoges were oround $'lO0 million. Flooding in the City wos much less severe due to the instqllotion of debris bosins ond chonnel improvements since 1969 in cooperotion with the U.S. Deportment of Agriculture (USDA) Notionol Resource Conservotion Service (formerly USDA Soil Conservotion Service) (Sonto Borboro County Flood Conlrol ond Woter Conservotion District [County Flood Control] 1995). o Jqnuqry 1995 - The Jonuory lOth flood offected opproximotely 510 properties olong the South Coost qnd cqused roughly $50 million of domoge. Flooding occurred on most moior creek chonnels in Goleto, Sonto Borboro, Montecito, ond Corpinterio. All modes of tronsportotion in ond but of the South Coost, including lhe Sonto Borboro Airport, Highwoy l0l, Union Pocific Roilrood (UPRR), the horbor, ond other moior roods on the South Coost were cut off for severol hours os o result of this flood. Highwoy l0l reopened to the north loter thqt doy; however, southbound roods, the oirport, UPRR, ond the horbor were not restored for severol doys (County Flood Control 1995). While flooding in Corpinterio wos relotively minor compored to other South Coost oreos, Arroyo Poredon Creek, to the west of Corpinterio, wos the source of flooding otVio Reol, Highwoy l0'1, ond fhe UPRR (County Flood Control 1995). o Mqrch 1995 - The storm event on Morch I 0 cqused flooding of most moior chonnels in Goleto, Sonto Borboro, Montecito, ond Corpinterio. More thon 300 structures were reported flooded ondfor domoged, with mony of the some structures flooded in Jonuory flooded ogoin.

Approximotely $30 million of public ond privote property were domoged during fte storm.

Once ogoin, the oirport, Highwoy 101, ond UPRR in ond out of the South Coost were cut off for severol hours. This flood received o Presidentiol Disoster Declorotion (County Flood Control 1995).

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro Couniy Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 45 l
a
a
a
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Hozord Profiles
1998 Floods - The storm events of '1998 orrived on o strong El Niffo ond brought severol record'breoking roinfolls with 50-yeor storm event intensities throughout Februory. By the end of the month, mony qreos in the county hod received 600 percent of normql Februory roinfoll.

Flood-reloted domoges within the county occurred during three moior storm periods: Februory 1-4, Februory 6-9, ond Februory 22-24. The cost to repoir extensive flood domoge to public ond privote property wos estimoted ot $'15 million. Just like in 1995, tronsportotion throughout the county wos disrupled through closures of roods, the Sonto Borboro Airport, ond troin service.

Flood domqge wos spreod throughout the county ond the county wqs declored o Federol Disoster Areo on Februory 9. The floods received o Presidentiol Disoster Declorotion (County Flood Control 1998).

Februory 2, 1998 - During the first storm on Februory 2, winds with gusts os high os 63 miles per hour (mph) knocked over hundreds of trees ond coused loss of power to thousonds of homes ocross Goleto ond Sonto Borboro. The next doy, lS-foot-high woves domoged pilings under Steorns Whorf ond o broken sewer line neor Arroyo Burro Beoch, closing severol neorby beoches due to high levels of bocterio buildup. Govioto Creek overtopped ond flooded the Stote Beoch ot fte mouth of the creek. At the Govioto Chevron plont, storm reloted domoge coused o releose of hozqrdous moteriols. The oirporl olso closed down due to flood, ond Highwoy 'l0l wos shul down in Venturo, culting off the City to the south (County Flood Control r 998).

Februory 6,1998 - With little time to recuperofe, the South Coost wos hit by o second moior storm on Februory 6. Disruptions of tronsportotion were widespreod throughout the South Coost - o downed tree resulted in on qccident thot closed Highwoy '101. Along the coost, berms were hostily constructed to protect beochfront properry (County Flood Control l99g).

Februcry 22-24, I 998 - lntense roin ogoin hit the County on Februory 23 ond 24 otter severol doys of moderote roinfqll. This time, it wqs the creeks of Montecito ond €orpinterio thot were most heovily offected. Among those creeks thot overtopped their bonks were Montecito, Romero, Son Ysidro, Ook, ond Arroyo Poredon. Tronsportotion wos ogoin interrupted with the closure of the Highwoy l0l neor Venturo, Sycomore Conyon Rood, ond Govioto Roqd.

Although the Februory I998 storms hod higher onnuol roinfolls, flooding in 1998 wos considered less severe for the South Coost thon other historicol events, such qs the ,l995 event due to flood conlrol improvements ond chonnel ond debris dom mointenonce performed by the County (County Flood Control 1998).
2005 - ln Jonuory 2005, o powerful Pqcific storm topped into o subtropicol moisture source to produce heovy roin, snow, flosh flooding, high winds, ond londslides to €entrol ond Southern Cqlifornio. During the S-doy event, roinfoll totols ronged from 4 to I inches over coostol oreos to between I0 ond 20 inches in lhe mountoins. With such copious roinfoll, flosh flooding wos q serious problem ocross Sonto Borboro, Venturo, ond Los Angeles counties. Flosh flooding ond mudslides closed Highwoy l0l ot Botes Rood in Corpinterio ond Gibroltor Roqd ot Mt. Colvory Rood, stronding severql vehicles. High winds gusting to 65 mph knocked down numerous trees ond power lines (Notionol Oceonic ond Atmospheric Administrotion [NOAA] 2OO5). 46 Febrvory 2023
a
Chopter 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
2Oll - A severe winter storm occurred Morch 19-21, 201 l, thot included flooding, debris f lows, ond mudflows lhroughout Sonto Borboro County. The 2-doy storm produced up to 1 1.5 inches of roinfoll. The storm extremes were primorily locoted in the south county, especiolly Gibroltor ond Cochumo. With oll three primory Sonto Ynez River-reloted county reservoirs full (os of Morch), the necessory woter releoses from Loke Cochumo odded to the storm runoff to creote relotively high dischorge rotes in the lower Sonto Ynez River. This storm event resulted in moderote ogriculturol lond flooding (opproximotely 200 ocres) downstreom of Cqchumo.

Severol County Flood Control debris bosins were filled ond sustoined some domoge (County Flood Control 20.l1). According to County lnsuronce Cloims, the storm cost opproximotely $l.Z million in domoges (County Flood Control 201 I ).
20tg - Following the October 2017
Thomos Fire, heovy rqins unleoshed
destructive rivers of woter, mud, ond
debris in Sonto Borboro County,
porticulorly Montecito ond Corpinterio,
leoving ot leost 23 people deod,
destroying over 100 homes, ond
domoging over 300 homes. Roin from
the storm fell on hillsides ond mountoins
stripped of trees ond vegetotion by the
Thomos Fire. The Notionql Weother
Service, Los Angeles reported thot

0.54 inches of roin hod follen in 5
minutes ot Montecito ond 0.86 inches in
l5 minutes in the City (FloodList 2021l,
(see olso, Section 5.3.2, Mudflow ond
Debns Flowl.
a I
lncident Profile: Corpinlerio Creek Flooding
Southeost of the Montecito Debris Flows,lhe City
of Corpinterio experienced hozordous conditions
from intense floodwoters down Corpinterio Creek
ond isolotion from communities to the north ond
south.

Source: Cqlifornio Wqter Environment Associotion
These flood flows triggered o choin of events in the City due to flooding in Corpinterio Creek.

The surge of woter ond debris thqt come down Corpinterio Creek undermined ond destobilized lhe concrete rock woll embonkment thot borders lhe southeost side of the City's Wostewqter Treotment Plont. At the time of the storm, the Cqlifornio Deportment of Tronsportotion (Coltrons) wos in the process of building o new bridge over Corpinterio Creek. The intense storm dropped too much woter too quickly ond coused o mossive debris flow, which built up enormous heod pressure ot this new bridge before breoking free. The velocity of the debris flow moved so quickly ond with such force thot boulders could be heqrd rolling down the creek from 5 blocks owoy. After the flood woters in the creek receded, the creek bed wos scoured to o historicol depth not previously seen ond the woll embonkment wos noticeobly impocted. Floodwoters surchorged the City's storm droin system. The rood to the Wostewoter Treotment Plont, ils odministrotion office, o preschool, ond employee housing for Colifornio Stote Pork employees wos impossoble due to the flooding. Highwoy I0l wos olso cut off to the northwest of the City for 3 weeks ond to the southeost to Venfurq for obout o week, leoving the City isoloted for on City of Corpinterio Locol Hozqrd Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borbqro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 47 Hozord Profiles
extended omount of time. Both the supply choin (e.g., food, fuel) ond stoffing levels ot the Treotment Plqnt os well os countless other businesses ond offices in the City were compromised.

Food from locol grocery stores disoppeored olso immediotely (Coliforniq Woter Environment Associotion 2022).

Probobility of Occurrence
Likely - The 10O-yeor flood is o flood thot hos o one percent chonce in ony given yeor of being equoled or exceeded. The 500-yeor flood is the flood thot hos o O.2 percent chonce of being equoled or exceeded in ony given yeor. Figure 5-'l shows the locotion of the lOO-yeor flood hozord zones in the City of Corpinterio os mopped by FEMA's Flood lnsuronce Rqte Mops (FIRM).

The floodploins shown delineote qreos with potentiol exposure to flooding for 1O0-yeor storm flows.

Climqte Chonge Considerqtion
As described in the County's Climote Chonge Vulnerobility Assessment (CCVA), olthough climote chonge will increose the frequency ond intensity of droughts (refer to Section 5.3.7, Droughl & Woler Shortoge), scientists olso proiect thot it will increose the frequency ond intensity of heovy roinstorms thot couse inlond flooding (Sonto County Borbqro Plonning ond Development Deportment 2021). Climote chonge is proiected to omplify existing flood hozords through increosed frequency ond strength of El Niffo events ond roinfoll intensity. Extreme weother events hove become more frequent over the post 40 to 50 yeors ond this trend is proiected to continue.

Up to holf of Coliforniq's precipitotion comes from o relotively smoll number of intense winter storms, which ore expected to become more intense with climqte chonge. For exomple, whot is currently o 200-yeor storm, or one thot hos o I in 200 chonce of occurring in o given yeor, by 2100 would increose in frequency by 40 to 50 yeors (to o I in 150/l60 chonce in o given yeor).

This meons lhot the 1OO-yeor ond 500-yeor floodploins moy expond, ond the current floodploins moy become 40- to SO-yeor floodploins (Sonto County Borboro Plonning ond Development Deportmenl 2021). The frequency ond intensity of heovy roinstorms ore proiected to increose, cousing fluviol flooding olong the City's creeks, olthough overoll onnuol precipitotion levels ore expected to increose only slightly. For discussion regording the impocts of climote chonge on coostql flooding ond seo level rise, see Section 5.3.4, Cooslol Hozords. 48 Februory 2023
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5.3.2 Mudflow & Debris Flow
Descriplion of Hqzqrd
Mudflows ore flows or rivers of liquid mud down o hillside on the surfoce of normolly dry lond.

They occur when woter soturotes lhe ground, usuolly following long ond heovy rqinfolls or ropid snowmelt. Mud forms qnd flows down the slope if there is no ground cover such os brush or trees to hold the soil in ploce. To be considered o mudflow, more thon holf of the porticles must be sondsized or smoller thot con flow very ropidly. A mud flow is the sondy, more woter-soturoted onolog of o debris flow (Colorodo Geologicol Survey 20211.

A debris flow is o soil flow where the moiority of the moteriols ore coorse-groined (fine sond to boulder size porticles) ond non-cohesive. Debris flow occurs when woter begins to wosh moteriol from o slope or when wqter sheets off of o newly burned stretch of lqnd. A debris flow is for more powerful ond dongerous thon o mudslide or mudflow. lt con move foster ond forther, ond it's strong enough to corry enormous boulders ond entire trees, not to mention cors, k-roils, ond sondbogs.

Debris flows con move ot rotes ronging from meters per hour to meters per second ond trqvel relotively long distonces, moking them o significont threot to life ond property (Colifornio Geologicol Survey 2019o). The flow will pick up speed qnd debris os it descends the slope. As the system groduolly picks up speed it tokes on the chorocteristics of o bosic river system, corrying everything in its poth olong with it. Choporrol lond is especiolly susceptible to debris flows ofter o fire. Debris flows ore most often triggered by intense roinfoll following o period of less intense precipitotion, or by ropid snowmelt (colifornio Geologicol Survey 2019o). locqtion qnd Extent of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinterio Areos susceptible to mudflow ond debris flow hozords ore present throughout the City. For exomple, lowlqnd oreos of the City ore prone to impocts from mudflows ond debris flows os sediment, woter, ond debris slide down slopes towqrds these lowlond oreqs. Vegetoted uplond oreos within the City ond Corpinterio Volley ore prone to wildfires, which strips the lond of vegetotion thot holds soil in ploce, ond therefore, ore susceptible to increosed runoff, mudflows, ond debris flows. Topogrophicolly steep oreos of the City ore olso susceptible to mudflows ond debris flows. Figure 5-13 of the MJHMP shows the debris flow hozord oreos olong the South Coost os of 2018, ofter the Thomos Fire. Figure 5-2 zooms in on the debris flow hozord oreos within the City of Corpinterio. This hozord oreo moy shift ofter o debris flow or londslide or other hozords hqve offected on oreo, such os wildfire, flooding, or drought (Sonto Borboro County Deportment of Plonning ond Development 2021|
The Sonto Monico Debris Bosin, instolled in 197O, wos designed to copture 208,OOO cubic yords of sediment, grovel, boulders, ond vegetotive debris lhot ore woshed Sonto Monico Creek during storms. This ollows woter to flow downstreom olong the creek ond into the City's municipol storm droin system, thereby reducing flood risk for neighborhoods downstreom of the debris bosin. The Sonto Monico Debris Bqsin hqs prevented domoges downstreom on numerous occosions of severe roinstorms ond ossocioted flooding, including the floods of Morch 1995, "El Niffo floods" of '1998, ond floods in 2005 (refer to Section 5.3.'1, Flood).
50 Februory 2023
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History of Hozqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq
As mentioned in Section 5.3.1, Flood, severol historic storm ond flood events in the county, porticulorly storms following intense wildfires, resulted in mudflows ond debris flows. The most significont mudflow qnd debris flow events ore described berow. ' 1954 - Following the Coyote Fire, relotively light roin which fell on portions of the wqtershed burned by the fire, cousing severe flooding in the oreos surrounding Montecito, Hot Springs, ond Son Ysidro Creeks. Eyewilnesses reported 2O-foot wolls of woter, mud, boulders, ond trees moving down the chonnels ot opproximotely l5 miles per hour. Bridges were swept owoy in seconds ond flows inundoted lorge oreos domoging structures ond depositing debris. Lorge boulders were corried olong Montecito Creek by the flow ond deposited upstreom of the bridge neor Hot Springs Rood. A 2O-inch high pressure gos line neor Mountoin Drive wos bent by the force of the flow in Son Ysidro Creek, olthough it did not breok. County Flood Control estimoted domoges to public ond privote property qt more thon $300,000. ' 1980 - This flood, which olso received o Presidentiol Disoster Declorotion, consisted of severe flooding, mudslides, ond high tides throughout the entire county. r 1995 - On Jonuory I0, flooding occurred on most moior creek chonnels in Goleto, Sqnto Borboro, Montecito, ond Corpinterio. This flood ond mudslide offected opproximotely 5lO properties olong the Sourh Coost ond coused roughly $SO million of domoge (County Flood Control 1995).
o 2005 - ln Sonto Borboro County, flosh flooding ond mudslides closed down Highwoy l0l ot Botes Rood in Corpinteriq. ln Venturo County, SR 150 wos closed ot the Dennison Grode due to flosh flooding ond mudslides. Preliminory domoge estimotes from this storm ronge between $g-tO million with ogriculturol interests in Venturo County occounting for most of the monetory domoge (NOAA 2005).
o 2Ol8 - Following the 201Z Thomos Fire, which burned opproximotely 281,893 ocres in Venturo ond Sqnto Borboro Counties, o reported 0.59 inches of roin fell within 3O minutes in the burn scors from the Thomos Fire in the foothills of Montecito on Tuesdoy, Jonuory 9,2018. Four inches of roin fell in two doys, cousing mossive debris flows qnd flooding thot domoged or destroyed 400 homes, killed 23 residents, ond led to the closure of Highwoy 101 ond the UpRR for more lhon 3 weeks, cutting off the county from communities to the south. Colifornio Geologicol Survey scientists estimoted the Montecito debris flow os hoving speeds of lO-15 mph, being up to 25- 30 feet deep, ond copoble of corrying boulders os lorge os o tow truck. (Colifornio Geologicol Survey 20'l9b). ln the City of Corpinterio, mudflows in Corpinteriq Creek coused enormous pressure build-up ond domoge to the Wostewoter Treotment Plqnt's retoining woll. Portions of Highwoy l0l were shut down to the northwest ond southeost of the City, leoving the City ond its residents isoloted for weeks with limited food, fuel, ond other resources (Colifornio Woter Environment Associotion 2022). The Sonto Monico Debris Bosin wos filled with debris during the Jonuory 2018 storms. This wos the most significont test of the Bosin since its construction ond the first-time debris hod filled the bqsin to the point of exceeding the crest of the emergency spillwoy. Fortunotely, the bosin copocity wos odequote such thot very little debris went through 52 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozsrd Assessmenl
the emergency spillwoy resulting in no significont debris f lows downstreom (Notionol Wotershed Coolition 2018; see olso, Section 5.3.9, Dom Foilure). Additionolly, the County Flood Control District is undertoking operotionol improvements to the Sonio Monico Debris Bosin to ollow more efficient bosin cleon-out ond reduce bosin repoir ond mointenqnce costs (refer to Section 2.3 of the MJHMP).

Probqbility of Occurrence
Highly [ikely - Bosed on historicol doto ond given the likelihood of wildfires ond intense roinfoll evenis, os well os steep slopes in the Corpinterio Volley upslreom of the City, mudflow qnd debris flow hozords ore likely to continue on on qnnuol bosis, with domoging mudflow ond debris flow occurring less frequently. Mudflows ond debris flows ore usuolly o coscoding effect of severe weqther. The probobility for more severe ond domoging lqndslides increoses during El Niffo yeors or severe winter storms. The potentiol for debris flows dromoticolly increoses following o wildfire (see olso, Section 5.3.'l 0, Wildfire ond Section 5.3.1 6, Londslide).

Climqte Chqnge Considerotion
As described in Section 5.3.10, Wildfire, Colifornio experiences wildfires neorly every yeor wilh mosl of them toking ploce immediotely before the winter roiny seoson. The effects of climote chonge hove the potentiol to impoct wildfire behovior, the frequency of ignifions, fire mqnogement, ond fuel loods. lncreosing temperotures moy intensify wildfire threot ond susceptibility to more frequent wildfires in lhe county (USDA ond U.S. Geologicol Survey IUSGS] 2009).

Reseorch doting bock to the 1930s ond 1940s shows on ossociotion between debris-flow occurrence ond recent wildfires in mountoin wotersheds, commonly referred to os lhe "fire ond f lood cycle." Much of the burned oreos neor lhe City ore on steep, brush-covered slopes droined by equolly steep, short chonnels which focilitote debris flow occurrence. As previously described, the increosed potentiol of wildfire occurrence olso escolotes the risk of mudflows ond debris flows in the period following o fire, when slopes lock vegetotion to stobilize soils ond burned soil surfoces creoie more roinfoll runoff. Therefore, greoter wildfire frequencies result in on increosed likelihood of precipitotion-induced debris-flow events in recently burned oreos (USDA ond USGS 2009).

Additionolly, os described in Section 5.3.7, Drought & Woler Shorfoge, proiecled climote chongeossocioted vorionce in roinfoll events moy result in more high-intensity events, which moy increose londslide frequency. Londslides con result from intense rqinfoll qnd runoff events. As climote chonge offects the length of the wildfire seqson, o higher frequency of lorge fires moy occur into lote foll, when conditions remoin dry, ond then be followed immediotely by intense roins eorly in the winter, os occurred with the Thomos Fire in December 2017 ond subsequent Montecito ond Corpinterio debris flow in Jonuory 2018 (Colifornio Office of Emergency Services [Col OES] 2018). Mudflows ond debris flows will likely increose os more precipitotion folls during o storm event ond hillsides more frequently hove burned.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hqzord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 53 Hozord Profiles
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5.3.3 Eorlhquoke & liquefoction
Descriplion of Hqzqrd
An eorlhquqke is o sudden, ropid shoking of the ground coused by the breoking ond shifting of rock beneoth the eorth's surfoce or olong foult lines. When the occumuloted energy grows strong enough, the plotes thot form the Eqrth's surfoce breok free cousing the ground to shoke. Most eorthquokes occur ot the boundories where the plotes meet, commonly colled foults; however, some eorthquokes occur in the middle of plotes.

A fqult is o frocture in the eorth's crust olong which movement hos occurred either suddenly during eorthquokes or slowly during o process colled creep. Domoge ossocioted with foult-reloted ground rupture is normolly confined to o foirly norrow bond following the trend of the foult. Structures ore often not qble to withstond foult rupture ond utilities crossing foults ore ot risk of domoge. Foult displocement involves forces so greot thot it is generolly not feosible (structurolly or economicolly) to design ond build structures to occommodote this ropid displocement (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 20l5).

An eorthquoke is cqused by o releose of stroin within or olong the edge of the Eorth's tectonic plotes producing ground motion ond shoking, surfoce foult rupture, ond secondory hozords, such os ground foilure. After iusl o few seconds, eorthquokes con couse mossive domoge ond exlensive cosuolties. The effect of on eorthquoke on the Eorth's surfoce is colled the intensity. The intensity scole consists of o series of certoin key responses such os people owokening, movement of furniture, domoge to chimneys, ond destruction.

Most people ore fomilior with the Richter scole, o method of roting eorthquokes bosed on strength using on indirect meosure of releosed energy (Toble 5-3). The Richter scole is logorithmic. Eqch onepoint increose corresponds to o I O-fold increose in the omplitude of the seismic shock woves ond q 32-fold increose in energy releosed. For exomple, on eorlhquoke registering 7.O on the Richter scole releoses over 11000 times more energy thon on eorthquoke registering 5.0. Figure 6-l is the ShokeMop produced for o hypotheticol 7.4 mognitude eorthquoke if the epicenter wos locoted below the Sonto Ynez Mountoins olong the Red Mountoin foult.

Toble 5-3. Richler Scqle
Source: GNS Science 2O2l
Richter Mogniludes Eorlhquoke Effecls
Less thon 2.0 Microeorthquokes generolly not felt

2.O-2.9 Generolly not felt but recorded

3.0-3.9 Often felt, but rorely couses domoge.

4.O-4.9 Noticeoble shoking of indoor items, rofiling noises. Significont domoge is unlikely

5.0 -5.9 Con couse mo[or domoge to poorly constructed buildings over smoll regions. At most slight domoge to well-designed buildings.

6.0-6.9 Con be destructive in oreqs up lo obout I OO kilomerers ocross residentiol oreos.

7.O-7.9 Con couse serious domoge to lorger oreos.
8 -8.9 Con couse serious domoge in oreos severol hundred miles ocross. 9 or greoter Devostoting in oreos severol thousond miles ocross. 54 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
Liquefoclion occurs when ground shoking couses the mechonicol properties of some fine-groined, soturoted soils to liquefy ond oct os o fluid. lt is the result of o sudden loss of soil strength due to o ropid increose in soil pore woter pressures coused by ground shoking. For liquefoction to occur, lhree generol geotechnicol chorocteristics should be present: 'l) groundwoter should be present within the potentiolly liquefioble zone, 2) the potentiolly liquefioble zone should be gronulor ond meet o specific ronge in groin-size distribution, ond 3) the potentiolly liquefioble zone should be of low relotive density. lf those criterio ore present ond strong ground motion occurs, then those soils could liquefy, depending upon the intensity ond durofion of the strong ground motion. The durqtion of ground shoking is olso on importont foctor in cousing liquefoction to occur. The lorger lhe eorthquoke mognitude, ond the longer fie durotion of strong ground shoking, the greoter the potentiol there is for liquefoction to occur.
locqlion qnd Extenl of Hqzqrd in the Citv of Cqrpinteriq The City is locoted in o high seismic octivity zone in the Tronsverse Ronge geologic province (Sonto Borboro County 20.l5). According to the Cqlifornio Deportment of Conservotion Division of Mines ond Geology criterio for clossifying the octivity level for foults, none of the foults in the City ore considered "octive." Thus, the foult rupture potentiol is low. Nevertheless, for plonning purposes, oll of the following foults should be considered potentiolly octive:

Corpinterio Foult, the Rincon Creek Foult, the Hollowoy Foult, on unnomed foult, the Red Mountoin Foult, the Arroyo Porido Foult, ond the Shepord Meso Foult. All historicolly octive, octive, ond potentiolly octive foults ore represented in Figure 5-8 of the MJHMP os mopped by USGS ond the Colifornio Geologicol Survey.

Afler eorthquokes, some regions moy be prone to liquefoction. On level ground, liquefoction results in woter rising to the ground surfoce. On sloping ground, liquefoction will usuolly result in slope foilure, such os the event ot the Sheffield Dom in the oftermoth of the 1925 Sonto Borbqro eorthquoke.

Liquefoction is importont to consider for plonning purposes os it con leod to ground foilure ossocioted with moderote ond lorge eorthquokes ond contribute to substontiql building ond infrostructure losses. There is no historic evidence of liquefoction in the City (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2015). Most of the low coostol ploin ond volley bottoms ore underloin by olluvium ond ore ot moderote risk with respect to liquefoction potentiol. This roting is lorgely bosed on the proboble depth to groundwoter with considerotion given to proboble soil chorocteristics (i.e., clossificotion, groin size, density) ond proboble eorthquoke intensily ond durotion. Areos in the City thot ore more susceptible to liquefoction include lhe low coostol qreos with high groundwoter qnd poorly consolidoted sondy soils in the Toro Conyon-Corpinterio oreos south of Highwoy 101 (Figure 5-3; Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 20r 5).

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borborq County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 55 ." I
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SeverityClass=1(Low)Severity Class = 2 (Moderale)
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Hislory of Hozqrd in the Cily of Corpinteriq
The City is locoted in o high seismic octivity zone ond os such hos o long history of eorthquokes.

Although most seismic octivity in Colifornio occurs within the Son Andreos Foult system, most historic seismic events in the region hove been centered offshore on on eost-west trending foult between the county ond the Chonnel lslonds. Severol smoller eorthquokes in the county hove token ploce in the post yeors, including o mognitude 3.4 eorthquoke one mile off the coost of Corpinterio in December 2021 (Los Angeles Times 2021). Eorthquokes opproximotely mognitude 2.0 ore foirly common in the county. Refer to Section 5.3.3 of the MJHMP for on overview of significont eorthquoke events within the lost 50 yeors.

More thon holf of the City is locoted in on oreq wirh high liquefoction potentiol, primorily the oreos north of Corpinterio €reek (see Figure 5-3) . However, there is no historic evidence of liquefoction in the City of Corpinterio or Sonto Borboro County (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 201 5).

Probqbility of Occunence
likely - The USGS ond their portners, os port of the lotest Uniform Colifornio Eorthquoke Rupture Forecost Version 3, hove estimoted the chonces of hoving lorge eorthquokes lhroughout Coliforniq over the next 30 yeors. Stotewide, the rote of eorthquokes oround mognitude 6.7 (the size of the 1994 Northridge eorthquoke) hos been estimoted to be one per 6.3 yeors (more thon 99 percent likelihood in the next 30 yeors); in southern Colifornio, the rote is one per 12 yeors (93 percent likelihood in the next 30 yeors) (refer to Toble 5-10 of the MJHMP). Given thot there ore no qctive foults in the City, the likelihood of serious domoge from on eorthquoke is lower thon in other oreos of the county.

Climqte Chq nge Considerqtions
While climote chonge is not expected to directly offect eorthquoke frequency or intensity; it could exocerbote indirect or secondory impocts of eorthquokes. For exomple, climote chonge could increose the frequency ond intensity of extreme precipitotion events, which in lurn increoses the probobility of londslides ond liquefoction events during on eorthquoke if the eorthquqke coincided wilh o wet cycle (Colifornio Noturol Resources Agency 2018).

5.3.4 Cooslol Hozords
Descriplion of Hqzqrd
Coostol hozords result from coostol processes, such os rising ond folling woter levels, breoking woves, ond shifting sqnds thot con olter the coostline, os well os those hozords proiected to increose substontiolly with seo level rise including coostol erosion ond coostol flooding. Within the City, development within coostol oreos hos been ond will continue to be susceptible to vorious types of coostol hozqrds.

Seq level rise is defined os the rising of the level of the oceons. Globolly, seo levels ore rising os q result of two foctors coused by humon-induced climqte chonge. The first foctor is lhe thermol exponsion of the oceons. As oceon temperotures worm, the woter in the oceon exponds ond occupies more volume, resulting in o rise in seo levels. The second foctor contributing to globol seo City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
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level rise is the odditionol volume of woter odded to the oceons from the melting of mountoin glociers ond ice sheets on lond. The rote ot which seo levels will rise is lorgely dependent on the feedbock loop between the melting of the ice, which chonges the lond cover from o reflective ice surfoce, ond the open oceon woter, which qbsorbs more of the sun's energy ond increoses the rote of ice melt.

Coostqlerosion refers to beoch, dune, ond bluff erosion thot results from winter storms, tidol oction, wove oction, ond over time rising seo levels. Erosion cuts into dunes ond bluffs, threotening development olong the coost, ond con wosh owoy beoch sond supplies, resulting in norrower beoch conditions ond the londword encroochment of oceqn meon high-woter mork. ln the county, coostol erosion is heovily influenced by storm surges when woter levels ore higher thon normol ond wove ottocks ore porticulorly strong.

Coastql occrelion refers to sond build-up on beoches. Sond beoches form upcoost of heodlonds ond points, in the protected portion of boys, olong the seoword portion of dunes, ond on the open coost where there ore rivers to moinloin o supply of new sond to the coost. Engineering structures such os groins ond ietties con couse sond to build up on the upcoost side. Breokwoters con provide o protected horbor oreo londword of the structure, but olso con trop sond ond build up beoch oreos. Structures such os groins ond ietties will usuolly produce occretion in one oreo bul moy produce erosion in onother. Beoch nourishment, which tokes sond from offshore deposits or inlond reservoirs ond doms, con odd new sond to beoches ond provide for beqch occretion without cousing erosion elsewhere.

Coqslql flooding con result from wqves ond runup, high tides including" king tides", storm surge, ond the confluence of heovy roinfoll ond storms. lt con include tidol flooding from extremely high tides cousing seowoter to spill inlond to low-lying oreqs, ond slorm surges ond wqve ottocks where runup from storm woves overtops beoches, rock revetments, or seowolls ond woshes inlond, sometimes in concert wilh heovy roin events. Such flooding con inundote homes, businesses, ond public focilities in low-lying oreos while storm surges ond wove ottocks con domoge or destroy structures or focilities. Wove ottocks con flood low-lying oreos, erode the shoreline or couse bluff retreot with domoge to structures (FEMA 2O2lo).

All coostol hozords in lhe City con be exocerboted by El Niffo events. El Nifio events, which occur every 2-5 yeors, vory in severity, but con substontiolly increose storm frequency ond severity, with much, but not oll, of post coostol domoge ond current coostol hozords reloted to these events.

Coostol storms produce lorge oceon woves thot sweep ocross low-lying coostlines moking londfoll.

Storm surges con inundote coostol oreos, destroy dunes, ond couse flooding. lf o storm surge occurs ot the some time os high tide, the woter height will be even greoter. Historicolly, the City hos olso been vulneroble to storm surge inundotion qssocioted with El Nifro events ond o reloted increose in storm severity.
58 Februory 2023
Chopter 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
Locqtion qnd Exlent of Hazord in lhe Cily of Corpinteriq The South Coost hos q long history of
exposure to coostol hozords f rom bluff
retreot to coostol erosion ond flooding. Lowlying oreos such os those within lhe Beoch Neighborhood of Corpinterio hove
experienced coostol flooding due to storms
surges ond wove ottocks. Bluff erosion is
onother serious locol hozord with onnuol
bluff erosion rotes generolly vorying from 6
inches to one foot per yeor, depending upon
locotion.

Becouse mony foclors influence coosfol erosion,
including humon oclivily, seo level rise, seosonol
fluctuolions, ond climole chonge, sond movement will
generolly be iocolly vorioble.

Phofo: City of Corprnlerio
Coostol hozords modeling efforts show thot
the coostol dunes ond bluffs in Corpinterio
ore vulnerqble to coostol erosion coused by
exposure to woves, weothering, ond runoff
(Sonto Borboro County 2O17l.ln such oreos,
erosive processes slowly eot owoy ot the beoch ond foundotions of the bluffs, reducing beqch widths, eroding dunes, ond creoting risk for bluff collopse. Bluff collopses threoten bluff-top property ond creote o sofety risk to people visiting the lower beoches.

Shoreline chonges (coostol erosion ond occretion) result from o chonge in sediment supply, coostol processes including lorge storms, ond humon octivities. When sediment supply exceeds the gross longshore sediment tronsport rotes then the coost will occrete seoword; when more sediment is removed thon supplied, the codst will erode. Long-term chonges in the shoreline ore coused by sediment supply ond seo level rise, whereos short-term or event-bqsed erosion is coused by lorge slorm events (City of Corpinterio 2019). Sondy beoch widths on Corpinterio City beoch ronge between 65 ond 200 feet, olthough width vories seosonolly ond olong fte coost. Corpinterio beoches experience seosonol cycles in which winter storms move significont omounts of sond offshore, creoting steep, norrow beoches. ln the summer, gentle woves return the sond onshore, widening beoches ond creoting gentle slopes. Eoch yeor, the City instolls on opproximotely 11300- foot-long seosonol storm berm out of sond olong Corpinterio City Beoch to buffer ogoinst lorge wove events in the foll ond winter. When the storm wqve seoson pqsses in the spring, the City pushes the sond bqck onto the beoch (City of Corpinterio 2019). ln response to coostol hozords, privote property owners ond locol governments hove erected rock revetments ond seowqlls to ottempt to protect public ond privote improvements from coostol hqzord domoge. The UPRR hos olso instolled both concrete seowolls qnd rock revetments to protect lhe roilrood trocks olong the South Coost from Corpinterio to Govioto. The long-term effects of such coostol proteclion structures ore subiect lo debote, qs well os their secondory impocts on nqturol coostol processes ond sqnd supply.

For exomple, cobbles were once plentiful under $e Corpinterio beoches, ond typicolly visible during the winter storm seoson. Cobbles enobled the beoches to dissipote lorge destructive wove energy. However, lorge El Niffo storms in 1982-1983 ond 1997-1998 removed most of the City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
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cobbles. While no definitive sludies hove identified the exoct couse, foctors moy include o decline in the supply of cobbles ond sediment due to chonges in the wotersheds, the Sondylond Revetment, construction of sediment debris bosins, ond upcoost coostol ormoring thot protects cliffs f rom erosion.

The Sondylond Reventment is o rock revetment fronting Sondylond Cove locoted within the County of Sonto Borboro. The reventment wos built by Sondylond Cove residents in the mid-l9g0s under on emergency permit issued by the Counly of Sonto Borboro os o result of shoreline chonges in the 1900s. The revetment portiolly encrooched on the public beoch seoword of the Sondylond Cove homes ond resulted in the buriol of the beoch due to the structure's footprint. Additionolly, coostol erosion coused by on increose in the longshore currents moves sond olong lhe Sondylond Revelment ond erodes sond neor the Ash Avenue occess to Corpinterio City Beoch, norrowing the beoch (Revell et ol 2008).

The instollotion of the Sonto Monico debris bosins in 197Q hos olso interrupted the migrotion of noturol course sediments to the Corpinterio shoreline, reducing lhe omount of cobble tronsported to the City's beoches. While the debris bosins hove prevented severe domoge from mudflows ond debris flows during flood ond storm events, they effectively prohibit the noturol process of sediment movement olong the City's creeks to the shoreline.
ln locolized spots odiocent to Corpinterio City Beoch, shoreline protection in the form of coostol ormoring structures olso couses seosonol impocts to the sondy beoch width, including o norrowing of the beoch, on occelerotion of sond tronsport, ond o seosonol erosion hotspot ot the end of Ash Avenue neor lhe lifeguord tower (Revell et ol 2008). Armoring of the coostline upcoost from Corpinterio significontly reduces sediment input to the shoreline. Armored shoreline structures do not ollow sediment to migrote offshore during storm events ond thereby prevent sond bors from forming (City of Corpinterio 2O19).

The Sondylond Revetment, Sonto Borboro Horbor, upcoost ormored coostline structures, ond wotershed debris bosins hove significontly reduced the sondy beoch width on Corpinterio City Beoch, with the unintended consequence of stqrving the Corpinterio shoreline of nqturol sediments thot ore criticol to providing shoreline resiliency. Additionolly, the lock of cobble significontly reduces the shoreline's noturol resilience to wove ottock during intense storm events (City of Corpinterio 2O19').

Low lying wqterfront ond beoch oreqs ore currently vulneroble to coostol flooding, including wove inundotion or hecvy roinfoll, ond ore mopped by FEMA Flood lnsuronce Mops os port of the NFlp (Figure 5-1). This progrom requires o highly specific technicol onolysis of wotershed chorocteristics, topogrophy, chonnel morphology, hydrology, ond hydroulic modeling to mop the extent of existing wove run-up-reloted flood hozords. These mops represent the existing I OO-yeor ond 500-yeor FEMA flood events (l percent ond 0.2 percent onnuol chonce of flooding, respectively) ond determine the flood extents ond f lood elevotions ocross the londscope. FEMA flood mops ore bosed on existing flood hozords ond do not occount for coostol processes, seo tevel rise, or climote chonge.

Figures 5-4 depicts proiected seo level rise ond tidol inundotion ot 200 cm with no I O0-yeor flood event. Figures 5-5 depicts proiected 2030 ond 2060 seo level rise scenorios ond tidol inundotion, including proiections thot occount for flood events.
60 Februory 2023
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Data Soure: Sanb Barbara County,USGS CoSMoS v3 Phase 2
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Map compiled 1/2022;
intended fur planning purposes only.

Data Sourc: Santa Barbara County,USGS CoSMoS v3 Phase 2, Coasbl Resiliency project 0 wood.
-Ttoc
coNo}\) (,
Chopfer 5.O. Hszord Assessmenf
Historv of Hqzqrd in the Cilv of Cqrpinterio
Typicolly, coostol hozords increose during
periods of moior storms thof con coincide
wift high tides, cousing coostol flooding,
coostol bluff erosion, ond londslides such
os those lhot were experienced during the
1983, 1998, ond 201 5/2016 El Niffo
storms. Segments of the South Coost hove
been subiect to significont domoge from
coostol hqzords. Historic coostol flooding
hos occurred olong lhe county's South
Coost, porticulorly in fte City of
Corpinterio, since the mid-'1800s.

Significont wove events in 1938, 1943,
1958, 1982-83, 1988, 1997-1998,
2OO2, 2OO7, ond 2015-2016
demonstrote the dynomic ond hqzordous
coostol environment. Homes olong
Sondylond Cove ond Podoro Lone in the
City of Corpinterio suffered substontiol
domoge during the 1983 ond
2O15/2016 El Niffo events in porticulor.

While mony of these storm events ond
creek flooding hozords ore ossocioted
with El Nifro, other couses con threoten the
environment including storm events postlncident Profile: Carpinterio Beqch Coqstql Erosion
ln 1987, o seosonol erosion hotspot resulted in
domoge to lhe City lifeguord focility ot the
terminus of Ash Avenue. This storm olso cqused
significont domoge to the property locoted ot the
end of Ash Avenue; subsequent development wos
therefore roised on pier piles to moke the structure
more resilient to future storms.

Sandyland Corc
Photo: City of Corpinterio
wildfire. ln such situotions, due to on obsence of vegetotion ond resultont soil erosion, lorge fluxes of sediment con be ropidly tronsported to the coost. For exomple, the Jonuory 20.l8 storms coused severe mudflows ond debris flow in Montecito ond Corpinterio (refer to Section 5.3.2, Mudflow & Debns Flow).

The Corpinterio ond Sondylond shoreline hos chonged drqmoticolly since the lote ,l800s when o lorge dune field wos present. These chonges ore mostly due to indirect or direct humon impoct or inf luences, including the downcoosl erosion qnd loss of sediment supply os o result of the construction of the Sontq Borboro Horbor opproximotely '10 miles to the west, ond loss of dune ond wetlond hobitot due to development olong the Corpinterio shoreline. Breokwoter construction ot the Sonto Borboro Horbor begon in 1927 ond wos completed by 1930, during which opproximotely 2.6 million cubic yords of sond were impounded updrift of the Sonto Borborq Horbor ot Ledbetter Beoch. Sond impoundment led to o well-documented erosion wove thot migroted downcoost ot o poce of opproximotely .l mile per yeor. The orrivol of the erosion wove to Sondylond ond Corpinterio, combined with storm woves orriving from o hurricone thot mode londfoll in Long Beoch in 1938, resulted in the erosion of the historic dune field ot Sondylond ond the beqch ot Corpinterio in the lote 1930s. ln oddition, the noturol underwoter sond peninsulo (tombolo) between lhe dunes ond Corpinteriq Reef wos eroded (City of Corpinterio 2019).

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borborq County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 63 l
Hozord Profiles
The effect of this erosion chonged the longshore currents in Corpinterio ond likely ollowed more swell energy to rotote Corpinterio beoches in o slightly clockwise direction. The long-term shoreline ond beoch responses to this erosion event were to erode lhe beqch in front of Sondylond Cove qnd occrete the beoch in front of Tor Pits Pork, effectively rototing the beoch slightly to the southeost.

Photogrommetric onolysis of '16 historic oeriol photogrophs shows long-term chonges olong the Corpinterio shoreline since the 1869 shoreline position wqs documented ot Sondylond Cove Beoch, Ash Avenue, Linden Avenue, qnd Tor Pits Pqrk (City of Corpinterio 2}1gl. Sondylond Cove Beoch sow the lorgest chonges, eroding by opproximotely 100 feet, ond Ash Avenue norrowed by opproximotely 50 feet. Meonwhile, occretion occurred on the beoch ot Linden Avenue (opproximotely 30 feet) ond Tor Pits Pork (opproximotely 60 feet). These octive erosion processes creote o seosonol erosion hotspot which is shown in seosonol beqch chonges ond o coorsening of the sediment groin size (Revell et ol 2008). This erosion hotspot resulted in domoge to the City lifeguord focility ot the terminus of Ash Avenue in 1987. This storm olso coused significont domoge to the property locoted qt the end of Ash Avenue; subsequent development wos therefore roised on pier piles to moke the structure more resilient to future storms (City of Corpinterio 2Olg).

Probobility of Occurrence
Highly Likely - Coqstol flooding from tidol inundotion ond wove ortock ond ossocioted erosion of coostol bluffs ond beoches occurs during mony winters but is most pronounced during post moior El Niffo events, which hove return intervols of 2to7 yeors. Although mony privote coostol properties ond public focilities hove been protected by rock revetments or seowolls, coostol flooding, beoch ond bluff erosion continue in the City of Corpinterio. While the existing probobility of occurrence is typicolly confined to El Niffo seosons or moior storm events, os discussed below, climote chonge ond seo level rise ore proiected to increose in frequency ond severity of occurrence.

Climole Change Considerotions
As of 2021, the most current seo level rise proiections for Colifornio ore from the Oceon protection Council (OPC) 2018 Stote of Colifornio Seo Level Rrse Guidonce (OPC 2Ol8). The Colifornio Governor's Office of Plonning ond Reseorch 2018 Sfofe of Colifornio Seo level Rise Guidonce proiections predict seo level in Sonto Borbqro County will rise 8.4 inches by 2030, 30 inches by 2060, ond 79.2 inches by 2100 (Sonto County Borbqro Ptonning ond Development Deportment 2021). OPC's 2018 guidonce osserts the direction of seo level chonge is cleor olong coostol Cqlifornio ond the coost is olreody experiencing eorly impocts including more extensive coostql flooding during storms, periodic tidol flooding, ond increosed coostol erosion (OpC 20l B).

The County's 201Z Coostol Resiliency Proiect proiects seo level in the county will rise by 10.2 inches in 2030, 27.2inches by 2060, ond 60.2 inches in 2100. The County's 2Ol 7 Seo level Rrse ond Coosfol Hszords Vulnerability Assessmenf used existin g 2015 coostol hozsrds modeling f rom Jolomo Beoch to Rincon Point by Environmentol Science Associotes os well os odditionol coostql hozord modeling on the south coost by Revell Coostol, LLC with the some seo level rise scenorios ond plonning horizons. The County modeled coostol hozords for coostol ormoring ond no coostol ormoring. Porticulorly susceptible oreos of the county to seq level rise relqled impocts include segments of the UPRR qnd Highwoy l0l from the City of Corpinterio to the Govioto Coost ond the Beoch Neighborhood ond Downtown in Corpinterio (Sonto Borboro County 20171. 64 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
More specific coostol hozord modeling wos performed for the City of Corpinterio by Wood Environment & lnfrosfructure Solutions, lnc. ond Revel Coostol, LLC os port of the City's 2019 Seq Level Rise Vulnerobility Assessment ond Adoptotion Plon (SLRVAAP). This sludy similorly concluded thot the most susceptible oreos of the City include the Corpinterio Beoch Neighborhood ond Corpinterio Solt Morsh (City of Corpinterio 2019). Bosed on this study, seo levels ore proiected to rise by os much os 6.6 feet by 2100, though more extreme scenorios proiect seo levels rising os much os 7.1 feel by 2100; however, these extreme scenorios ore bosed on worst-cose greenhouse gos (GHG) emissions ossumpfions, ore highly conservotive, ond considered to be very unlikely of occurring (see Toble 5-4). While seo level rise proiections will continue to chonge os scientific understonding increoses ond policy choices monifest, whot is cleor for the most curreni proiections is thot seo levels ore bound to increqse ot o significont rote, further increosing both rhe probobility ond severity of coostol hozqrds throughout oll of Sqnto Borborq County (OPC 2018).

Toble 5-4. Proiecled Slqle qnd locql Seo level Rise Scenqrios (inches) Oceon Prolec lion Council Rising Seos in Cqlilornio: An Update on Seo-level Rise (2017) Yeor
Seo level Rise Scenorio
Medion (50o/o
Probobility)
Likely (670/o
probobility)
Unlikely (5o/o
Probobility)
Yery lJnlikely (0.5o/o
Probability)
2030 1.2 - 6.0 o.o -7.2 4.8 - 8.4 6.0 - 10.8
2050 0.4 - r0.8 2.4 - 14.4 10.8 - r 6.8 18.O - 24.O
20r 0 8.4 - 31.2 1.2 - 43.2 27.6 - 55.2 57.6 - 85.2
County of SonloBorbqrqSeqlevelRise ondCoos]olHozordVulnerability Assessmenl (2017) Yeor
Seo level Rise Scenorio
low Rofe Medium Role High Rofe
2030 0.0 - 1.8 1.2 - 5.8 8.0 - r 2.l
2060 0.0 - 6.3 7.2 - 11.8 22.5 - 30.8
2100 r 0.6 -
'16.5 30.7 - 36.7 60.2 - 66.0
Cily ol Carpinteria Seo level Rise V vlnerabilily Assessrnenl & Adoplalion PIan (2O I 9 ) Yeor
Seo Level Rise Scenorio
Medion (50o/o
Probobilily)
Likely (670/o
probability)
lJnlikely (5o/o
Probobility)
Yery lJnlikely (0.5o/o
Probability)
2050 3.6 - 8.4 2.4 - 12.O 6.0 - 14.4 8.4 - 21.6
2080 8.4 - 16.8 4.8 - 25.2 16.8 - 32.4 26.4 - 51.6
2r 00 12.0 - 25.2 6.0 - 37.2 24.O - 49.2 43.2 -79.2
Source: OPC2Ol7i Sonto Borborq County 2017iCity ol Corpinterio 2019.

Seo level rise will couse more ropid erosion of beqches, dunes, ond bluffs, increosing the threot to shoreline development ond infrostruclure, including coostol homes in Corpinterio. Climote chonge will exocerbote the impocts of coostol hozords ond erosion in lhe City. While seq levels ore proiected to increqse globolly, seo level rise will not occur uniformly, ond olong the Pocific Oceon, seo levels will depend portiolly on tectonic movements ond weother potterns. The county's portion of the Son Andreqs Fqult's tectonic plote is folded cousing oreos of uplift qnd subsidence. Locol subsidence con leod to o slightly higher seo level rise in the county thon globol estimotes ond uplifl con reduce the rote of seo level rise. Additionolly, the City is offected by El Niffo storm surge events, City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 65 Hozord Profiles
porticulorly during some winter months. Seq level rise coupled with increosed frequency, severity, ond durotion of high tide ond storm events reloted to climote chonge will result in more frequent ond severe extreme events olong the coost. These events could expose the coost to severe flooding, domoge to coostql structures ond reol estote, ond solinity intrusion into delto oreos ond coostol oquifers (Coyon et ol. 2006).

Further, the increosed severity of coostol storms hos the potentiol to increose coostol erosion events.

More frequent storms will impoct how frequently ocute coostol erosion events occur, while more intense events will couse the erosion to extend further inlond thon before. Following o similor trend os proiected rotes of seq level rise, the rote of bluff-top erosion is olso proiected to increose by up to 140 percent on overoge with 6.6 feet of seo level rise ond moy increose from o current overoge rote of 6 inches to I foot per yeor to up to 3 feet per yeor olong the South Coost. ln oddition, coostol flooding ond tidol inundotion will olso become o more frequent qnd severe hozord, os coostql flooding is directly correloted with the meqn overoge seo level.

5.3.5 Pondemic/Public Heqlth Emergency
Descriplion of Hqzqrd
The omount of o porticulor diseose thot is usuolly present in o community is referred to os the boseline or endemic level of the diseose. This level is not necessorily the desired level, which moy be zero, but rother is the observed level. ln the obsence of intervention ond ossuming thot the level is noi high enough to deplete the pool of susceptible persons, the diseose moy continue lo occur ot this level indefinitely. Thus, the boseline level is often regorded os the expected level of the diseose (Center for Diseose Control ond Prevention [CDC] 2012).

Occosionolly, the omount of diseose in o community rises obove the expected level. When diseoses spreod quickly ond eosily, they moy be clossified os qn outbreok, epidemic, or pondemic. An oulbreqk is when there ore more coses thon would be normolly expected, often suddenly, of on infectious diseose in o more limited geogrophic oreo (e.g., o community or focility). An epidemic corries the some definition os on outbreok but offects o populotion of o lorge geogrophic oreo ond moy occur seosonolly. A pondemic refers to on epidemic thot hos spreod over severol countries or continents, usuolly offecting o lorge number of people (CDC 2012). Pondemics ore lorger thon epidemics in terms of geogrophic oreo ond the number of people offected. Pondemics ore most often coused by new subtypes of viruses or bocterio for which humons hove litrle or no noturol resistonce. Consequently, pondemics typicolly result in more deoths, sociol disruption, ond economic loss thon epidemics. Exomples include pondemic influenzo, Severe Acute Respirotory Syndrome (SARS), ond the Coronovirus (COVID-19).
66 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
Three conditions trigger o pondemic declorotion:
l. A new virus subtype must emerge thqt hos not previously circuloted in humons (ond therefore there is no pre-existing immunity);

2. This new subtype must be oble to couse diseose in humons; ond

3. The virus must be eosily tronsmissible from humon to humon.

Pondemics moy be coused by:
o Noturolly occurring diseoses spreod person to person (e.g., meosles, mumps, meningococcol diseose, tuberculosis);
o Food-borne (e.9., solmonello, E. coli, botulinum toxin, etc.); o Vectors such os o mosquito thot spreod diseose (e.g., West Nile virus, dengue, Ziko, molorio); o Newly emerging infectious diseoses (e.g., Ebolo,Tiko, SARS, Middle Eost Respirotory Syndrome (MERS), ovion influenzo); ond
o The intentionolly coused spreod of diseose or toxins, known os bioterrorism (e.9., the contominqtion of restouront food wilh E. coli in Oregon [ 984] ond the releose of Sorin gos in the Tokyo subwoy tl995l).

Public heolth meosures ore used to conlrol outbreoks, epidemics, or pondemics of infectious diseoses, ond ore especiolly importont for diseoses with high morbidity or mortolity ond limited medicol prophyloxis ond/or ropid treotment. Meosures to control diseose include:
o Legql meosures (e.g., isolotion qnd quorontine of persons or products, ond legol closure of food estoblishments);
o Control of contominoted food or woter through recoll of product or, for wqter, "Do Not Use", "Do Not Drink" or "Boil Woter" orders issued by stote or locql heolth deportments; o lndividuol mondotes (e.g, weoring mosks) to prevent spreoding respirotory droplets; o Sociol meosures (e.9., sociol distoncing); ond
o Vector control to eliminote vectors, such os mosquitos, thot corry lhe diseose from person to person.

Secondory impocts include significont economic disruption to o community's infrostructure due to loss of employee work time, essentiol services ond products, ond costs of treoting or preventing the spreod of the diseose. The diseose could offect the County's infrostructure, ond the obilif of the Emergency Operotions Center (EOC) ond other County deportments to respond due to diseosereloted loss of stqff.

The Vector-Borne Diseose Section of the Colifornio Deportment of Public Heolth reports risk or potentiol risk of exposure to the following vector-borne diseose in Colifornio, which moy occur in the City (Colifornio Deportment of Public Heqlth 2021lz City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sontq Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozqrd Mitigotion Plon 67 Hozord Profiles
a Mosquito- Borne Diseoses:
o Ziko
o Chikungunyo
o Dengue
o West Nile Virus
. St. Louis Encepholitis Virus
o Molorio
Tick-Borne Diseoses:

Lyme Diseose
Anoplosmosis
Bobesiosis
Ehrlichiosis
Rocky Mountoin Spotted Fever
Pocific Coqst Tick Fever
Tick Porolysis
Tuloremio
a
a
o
a
a
a
1 I o Fleo-Borne Typhus
o Hontovirus Pulmonory Syndrome
o Plogue
locqlion qnd Extenl of Hqzord in the City of Cqrpinterio Public heolth emergencies, such os infectious diseose hozords or epidemics, occur not only on o locol or stote level but on q notionol ond globol scole. lt is likely thot most communities in the county, including the City, would be offected, either directly or by secondory impocts. Some indirect consequences moy be the diversion of resources thot moy be otherwise ovoiloble given the limited regionol tronsportotion opportunities ond flow of goods qnd moteriols to the City.

The University of Colifornio (UC) Noturol Reserve System hos identified I O species of mosquitos known to breed in Corpinterio Solt Morsh. Some of the notive mosquito species cqn corry molorio (e.9., Anopheles sp.), or encepholitis (e.g., Culex sp.). The Corpinterio Volley Mosquito Abotement District monitors the estuory during the roiny seoson qnd treots vorious sites, especiolly those with ponded woter, to reduce or eliminote mosquitoes. The most common proctices of control qre the opplicotion of oil in ponded oreos to suffocote mosquitoes ond the occosionol droining of ponded woter (UC Noturol Reserve System 2022),
Hislory of Hqzqrd in the City of Carpinteriq
Outbreoks, epidemics, or pondemics con occur when o new virus emerges to which the populotion hos little immunity.

Pondemics
The 20th century sow three pondemics,lhe most notoble of which wos the 1918 Sponish influenzo pondemic thot wos responsible for 40 to 50 million deoths throughout the world. Since the eorly 20th century, five pondemics hove swept the globe. The most notoble pondemic of the 2l st century is the current COVID-,l9 pondemic, described further below:
o l9l8 - The Sponish Flu, on HIN1 virus, wos orguobly the most severe pondemic in recent history. The number of deqlhs wos estimqted to be 40 to 50 million worldwide ond 5OO,0OO in lhe U.S. lts primory victims were mostly young, previously heolthy odults. At one point, more thon I0 percent of the Americon workforce wos bedridden (U.S. Deportment of Heolth ond Humon Services 2005).
68 Februory 2023
o
a
a
Chopfer 5.0. Hozsrd Assessmenf
1957 - The H3N2 pondemic in 1957, which wos referred to os the "Asion Flu," killed 1 to2 million people worldwide, including opproximotely 20,000 people in the U.S., mostly infonts, the elderly, ond chronicolly ill. Fortunotely, the virus wos quickly identified, ond vqccine production begon in Moy 1952 (U.S. Deporlment of Heolth ond Humon Services 2005). 1968 - Another H3N2 pondemic occurred in 1968, which wos commonly referred to os the "Hong Kong Flu." This virus killed 341000 in the U.S. Agoin, the elderly were more severely offected. This pondemic peoked during school holidoys in December, limiling sludent-reloted infections, which moy hove kept the number of infections down. Also, people infected by the Asion Flu ten yeors eorlier moy hove goined some resistonce to the new virus (U.S. Deportment of Heolth ond Humon Services 2005).
2OO9 - ln the spring of 2009, o novel influenzo A (HlNl)virus "Swine Flu" emerged. lt wos detected firsl in the U.S. ond spreod quickly ocross the U.S. ond the world. This new H 1 N I virus contoined o unique combinotion of influenzo genes not previously identified in onimols or people. This virus wos designoted os influenzo A (HlNl) pdm09 virus. While o monovolent (HlNl) pdm09 voccine wos produced, it wos not ovoiloble in lorge quontities until lote November - ofter the peok of illness during the second wove hqd come ond gone in the U.S.

From April 12, 2OO9, to April 10, 2010, the CDC estimoted there were 60.8 million coses, 274,304 hospitolizotions, ond 12,469 deoths in the U.S. due to the (Hl Nl ) pdm09 virus. Within Sonto Borboro County, the County Public Heolth Deportment coordinoted the distribution of the initiolly limited supplies of HlNl vqccine to medicol providers. The voccine distribution wos torgeted so thot those providers thot served the highest risk potients received the voccine first. ln oddition, the deporlment held numerous community voccine clinics countywide where free HlNl voccinotions were given, including the Conolino School in Corpinterio. Together with community response providers, more lhon 1261000 dosoges of the voccine ogoinst pondemic H I N I flu were distributed countywide (County Public Heolth Deportment 201 0). 20l9-Ongoing - The COVID- l 9 pondemic hos severely impocted the economic, politicol, sociol, ond environmentol conditions of the City, county, Colifornio, the U.S., ond the world. Older odults ond people who hove severe underlying medicol conditions like heort or lung diseose or diobetes seem to be qt higher risk for developing more serious complicotions from COVID-19 illness; however, numerous stories were reported of young ond heolthy people who developed the diseose ond hod serious complicotions. People with COVID-19 hove hod o wide ronge of symptoms reported - ronging from mild symptoms to severe illness. Symptoms of COVID-19 include but ore not limited to fever or chills, cough, shortness of breoth or difficulty breothing, fotigue, muscle or body oches, heodoche, new loss of toste or smell, sore throot, congestion or runny nose, nouseo, or vomiting, ond diorrheo. Symptoms moy oppesr 2-14 doys ofter exposure to the virus. Anyone con hove mild to severe symptoms (CDC 2021). On Jonuory 26, 2020, the CDC confirmed the first COVID-I9 cose in Colifornio, the third cose in the U.S. As of Jonuory 2022, there hove been 561524 confirmed COVID-19 coses within the county snd 575 deoths (Sonto Bqrboro County Public Heolth Deportment 2022l,. The County Public Heolth Deportment lrocks the number of coses in the City olong with the South County unincorporoted oreos of Montecito ond Summerlond. This region hos reported o totql oI 3,207 confirmed City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borborq County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon o
69 Hozord Profiles
COVID-'f 9 coses ond 28 deoths (Sonto Borboro County Public Heolth Deporrment 20221. As of Jonuory 2022,74 percent of Sonto Borboro County wos fully voccinoted (Sonto Borboro County Public Heolth Deportmenl 2021). ln the City of Corpinterio, the County Public Heolth Deportmenl distributes COVID-19 voccines ot the Corpinterio Heolth Core Center ond the Boys & Girls Club. Additionolly, the City of Corpinterio, in portnership with the Corpinterio Unified School District (CUSD) ond County Public Heolth Deportment, distributed opproximotely 2,000 ontigen test kits.

Epidemics
o 2003 - SARS is o respirotory illness thot qffected mony people worldwide in 2003. lt wos coused by o coronovirus, colled SARS-ossocioted coronovirus (SARS-CoV). SARS wqs first reported in Chino in Februory 2003. The illness spreod to 29 countries, where 8,096 people got SARS, ond 774 of them died. Only eight people in the U.S. got SARS ond none of them died. The SARS globol outbreqk wos contoined in July 2003. Since 2004, there hove not been ony known coses of sARS reported onywhere in the world (cDc 2or 6).

Oufbreols
ln oddition to pondemics thot impocted the world, food-borne ond other outbreoks occur every few yeors in Sonto Borborq County, commonly the result of Norovirus (refer to Section 5.5.1 of the MJHMP).

Probobilily of Occurrence
Likely - Even before the COVID-19 pondemic begon, most public heolth experts considered onother moior pondemic to be inevitoble. Given the effects of globolizotion, the intense mobility of humon populotions, ond the relenlless urbonizotion, it is likely thot the next emerging virus will olso spreod fqst ond for. lt is impossible to predict the noture of this virus or its source, or where it will stort spreoding. Some indicotors will be present, but not every new virus turns into o pondemic (World Heolth Orgonizotion [WHO] 2018). Bqsed on the five pondemics thqt hqve offected the U.S. in roughly lhe lost 100 yeors, o pondemic occurs on overoge opproximotely every 20 yeors.

Diseqse outbreoks ond flu epidemics occur on on ongoing bqsis. As described obove, food-borne outbreoks occur every yeor in Sonto Borboro County, commonly the result of Norovirus.

Occosionolly, ftese outbreqks require the initiotion of the Sqnto Bqrboro County Public Heolth Deportmenl lnfectious Diseose Response Plon but hove required little to no support from the County EOC. There is o continued threot from o novel influenzo virus or other emerging epidemic diseoses thot would require o disqster response ot the EOC level.

Climqte Chonge Considerqtion
It is widely occepted thot the effects of climote chonge will focititote increoses in the frequency of infectious diseoses. According to the Notionol lnstitute of Environmentol Heolth Services (NlH), mony vector-borne ond zoonotic diseoses ore climote-sensitive ond ecologicql shifts ossocioted with climote chonge ore expected to impoct the distribution ond incidences of these diseqses (NlH 20l B).

While mony vector-borne ond zoonotic diseoses, such os molorio, yellow fever, dengue, ond murine typhus, ore rorely seen in the U.S., the City is directly susceptible to vector-borne ond zoonotic 70 Februory 2023
Chopter 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
diseoses thot ore found in wormer climqtes ond vulneroble due to globol trode ond trovel. Chonges in temperoture ond precipitotion directly offect vector-borne diseose tronsmission through pothogen-host interoction, ond indirectly through ecosystem chonges ond species composition. As temperotures increoses, vectors con spreod into new oreos thot were previously too cold. During worm weother, onimol species thot corry diseoses typicolly become more oclive ond insects ond other pests reproduce more ropidly. As climote chonge couses wormer temperotures eorlier in the spring ond loter in the outumn, these onimols moy be octive for longer periods, increosing the time lhot diseoses con be tronsmitted (NlH 20l8).

Further, climote-reloted noturol disosters (e.g., wildfire, drought qnd woter shortoge, flood, coostol hozords) olso increose lhe risk of infectious diseose by disrupting heolth services ond infrostructures ond domoging woter ond sonitolion networks (WHO 2018).

5.3.6 Energy Shorloge & Resiliency
Description of Hqzqrd
Energy shortoges {or disruptions) ore considered o form of lifeline system foilure. While fhe electricol power industry does not hove o universol ogreement for clossifying disruptions, disruptions con be the consequence of onother hozqrd or con be o primory hozord, obsent of on outside trigger. A foilure could involve one, or o combinotion of the potoble woter system, pov/er system, noturol gos system, wostewoter system, communicotion system, or tronsportotion system. Most power blockouts qre the result of siluotions involving unintended events, such os on overwhelming need for power due to weother conditions, equipment foilure, or qccidents. They moy olso foil due to noturol hqzords such os eorthquokes, floods, ond londslides. These outoges con lost onywhere from o few minutes to severol weeks.

Southern Coliforniq Edison (SCE) provides power to the southern ports of the county, including the Ciry. SCE is owore of the restrictions on its systems ond is moking plonned systemotic chonges to oddress the shortcomings. SCE offers severol progroms to customers experiencing outoges, such os hotel discounts, rebotes for portoble power devices, ond providing customers who rely on medicol equipment with portoble bockup botteries (SCE 2021). SCE olso offers power outoge olerts vio phone ond emoil to olert customers of outoges.

Unintentionol or unplonned disruptions ore outoges thot come with no odvonce notice. This type of disruption is the most problemotic. The following ore cotegories of unplonned disruptions:
o Accident by the utility, utility controctor, or others o Molfunction or equipment foilure
o Equipment overlood (utility compony or customer)
o Reduced copobility (equipment thot connot operqte within its design criterio) o Tree contoct other thon from storms
o Vondolism or intentionol domoge
o Weother, including lightning, wind, eorthquoke, flood, ond broken tree limbs toking down power lines
o A wildfire thot domoges tronsmission lines
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Due to recent mossive wildfires throughout Colifornio ond their ignition originoting from utility infrostructure ond high winds, the electric utilities hove initioted o progrom to conduct Public Sofety Power Shutdowns to prevent wildfire ignitions. These ore clossified os intentionol, unscheduled disruptions. The utilities ore currently working with the County to minimize power delivery interruption while monoging wildfire hozords.
locqtion qnd Extent of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinterio The City ond surrounding oreos ore subiect to energy shortoges, which cqn vory in size ond oreo of disruption for electricol services from o lorge oreo to q smoll number of service connections.

Electricity service is olso highly vulneroble becquse it is highly dependent on electricol tronsmission lines ond substqtions functioning properly.

Eleclricql substolions ore focilities thot convert electricity from one voltoge lo onother, moking them suitoble for long-distonce tronsmission or use by homes, businesses, ond other electricol customers. There is one SCE substotion in the City locoted ot 4918 Foothill Rood. Electricql trcnsmission lines corry high-voltoge electricity over long distonces between power plonts ond electricol customers. Power plcnts generote lorge omounts of electricity thot ore distributed through the stote ond regionol electricol grid. There ore no power plonts locoted in the City.

Additionolly, communicqtion fqcililies in the county ore run by electricity ond therefore, ore dependent on electricity. Communicotion fqcilities include public rodio ond television tronsmitters, cell phone towers, emergency communicotion ontennoe, ond o wide ronge of other public ond privote communicotion infrostructure systems. The Rincon Peok Reloy Stotion is locqted ot'l0l5l Oceonview Rood in the City.

As described in Section 4.5.2, Eleclricily ond Nolurol Gos, the City enrolled in the Centrol Coost Community Energy (CCCE) progrom. Under the progrom, customers will continue to receive energy services from SCE, but CCCE will determine the source of the energy. CCCE prioritizes cleon energy sources ond hos o gool of ochieving 100 percent cleon ond renewoble energy by 2030. CCCE mointoins the Uninterruptible Power Supply Fund to occelerote the odoption of retioble bockup power for eligible public ond privote entities operoting criticql focilities. The progrom helps customers mointoin criticol operotions during prolonged power outoges, such os those coused by Public Sofety Power Shutoff events or other noturol disosters (cccE 2022).

History of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq
One of the lorgest events offecting electric ond nqturol gos services in lhe City in recent yeors wos the 201Z Thomos Fire, during which the fronsmission system running from Venturo County to the City of Goleto wos shut down, leoving more thon 85,OOO customers without power for on extended period during the emergency (SCE 2O17lr. Similor service disruptionsr though not quite os extensive, occur in oreos offected by wildfires ond other disosters or emergencies. Smoll-scole energy disruptions hove occurred regulorly in the City.

Probqbility of Occurrence
Likely - ln ony given yeor, the City of Corpinterio con be subiect to energy shortoges. A lorge disruption due to o power foilure or rototing brown out is highly likely. 72 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
Climqle Chonge Considerqtions
With increosed chonges in weother ond climote, energy demonds will shift too. The increosed prevolence of extreme heot con drive energy demond ond increose the need for intentionol, unscheduled power shutoffs. Further, the resiliency of power systems con be threqtened during o wildfire. As wildfire occurrences ossocioted with climote chonge increose so does the risk for utility foilure. Energy demond ond monogement ore criticol during disoster response.

5.3.7 Drought & Woter Shorloge
Description of Hqzqrd
A drought occurs when climoctic ond weother conditions ore drier thon normol for o long period, moking less woter ovoiloble for people, ogriculturol uses, ond ecosystems. Drought ond woter shortoges ore q groduol phenomenon qnd generolly ore not signified by one or two dry yeors.

Corpinterio Volley Woter District's (CVWD's) extensive system of woter supply infrostructure (e.9., reservoirs, groundwoter bosins, ond conveyonce fqcilities) generolly mitigotes ihe effects of shortterm dry periods for most woter users. However, drought conditions ore present when o region receives below-overoge precipitotion over qn extended multiple-yeor period (e.9" 3 to 4 or more yeors), resulting in prolonged shortoges in woter supply, whether otmospheric, surfoce, or ground v/oter (Colifornio Deportment of Woter Resources [DWR] 2021o).

The mognitude of o drought's impoct is directly reloted to the severity ond length. The severity of o drought depends on woter ovoilobility ond moisture deficiency, the period, qnd the size ond locotion of the qffected oreq. The longer the droughf persists ond the lorger the oreo impocted, the more severe the potentiol impocts. Droughts con be o short-term event over severol months or o long-term event thot losts for yeors or even decodes. Hot qnd dry conditions thot persist into spring, summer, ond foll con oggrovote drought conditions, moking lhe effects of drought more pronounced os woter demonds increose during the growing seoson ond summer months. lmpocts increose wiih the length of o drought, os corry-over supplies in reservoirs ore depleted qnd wqter levels in groundwoter bosins decline (DWR 2021bl.

Longer-term droughts con impoct surfqce woter reservoir storoge levels in moior reservoirs, such os Loke Cochumo, which provides obout 41 percent of CVWD's totol woter supplies (CVWD 2021ol.

Longer-term droughts con olso impoct woter levels in moior groundwoter bosins thot ore key to bolh urbon ond ogriculturql woter supply. Drought impocts increose with the length of o drought, os corry-over supplies in reservoirs ore depleted ond woter levels in groundwoter bosins decline.

Drought impocts ore wide-reoching ond moy be economic, environmentol, ondf or societol. Public heolth ond sofety impocts ore primorily ossocioted with cotostrophic wildfire risks, drinking woter shortoges, ond declines in woter quolity most frequently for smoll woter systems in rurol oreos ond privote residentiol wells. The most significont impocts ossocioted with drought in the City ore those reloted to woter-intensive octivities such qs wildfire protection, municipol usoge, commerce, tourism, recreotion, ond wildlife preservotion. During o drought, voluntory woter conservotion meqsures ore typicolly implemented during extended droughts. The City moy foce wqter restrictions during droughts, which ore exocerboted by extreme heot doys
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Woter quqlity deteriorotion con occur during droughts due to lower levels of precipilotion ond limited woter storoge supply (DWR 2O2lbJ.lncreosed groundwoter pumping in combinotion with seo level rise cqn increose soltwoter intrusion in groundwoter oquifers (Environmentol Protection Agency IEPAI 2021). Soltwoter intrusion into the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin con olso occur when groundwoter levels foll below seo level proximote to the coost. This decreose in woter quolity olso results in the subsequent degrodotion of riporion hobitots (DwR 2o2lb). locqtion qnd Extent of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq As of Moy 2021, Governor Govin Newsom declored o drought emergency in 4l Colifornio counties in northern ond centrol Colifornio (ColMotters 2021). On July 13, the Sonto Borbqro County Boqrd of Supervisors procloimed o locol emergency coused by current drought conditions within the county (Sonto Borboro lndependent 2021). The CVWD Boord of Directors opproved Ordinonce 2l-l decloring o Stoge 2 Drought Condition on October 13,2021, in response to Stote ond County of Sonto Borboro drought emergency declqrotions issued in July 2021, continued dry conditions, possible surfoce woter qllolment reductions, ond the likelihood of shortoges within CVWD's service qreo of over 20 percent of overoge qnnuol demond within the coming yeors (CVWD 2}2lb).

CVWD hos o bolonced woter supply portfolio with groundwoter from the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin, surfoce woter supplies from lhe Cochumo Proiect, ond imported surfoce woter from the Stqte Woter Proiect (SWP). ln 2020, the CVWD woter demond wos opproximotely 4,105 ocre-feet (AF) of woter (CVWD 2Q21o). Additionol woter supplies ore pumped from the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin by privote well owners primorily for irrigotion purposes. During o normol woter yeor with long-term sustoinobility considerotions, the totol woter supply is estimoted ot 4,586 AF for 2025 ond 5,586 AF for the period 2O3O to 2045. During periods of prolonged drought, the CVWD woter supply would be reduced compored to thot of normol woter-yeors. For instonce, woter supplies ofter four yeors of drought moy be os low os 3,905 to 4,306 ocre-feet per yeor (AFY) for the period 2025 to 2045, or opproximotely 600 to l,3OO AFy less thon during normol conditions (CVWD 2021 o).

Groundwoter
Following the stote declqrotion of o drought emergency in Jonuory 2Ol4,Ihe Governor signed o three-bill pockoge (i.e., Coliforniq Senote Bills [SBs] I I 68 ond t 3I 9, ond Assembly Bill [AB] 1739), known os the Sustqinoble Groundwoter Monogement Act of 2014. The Sustoinoble Groundwoter Monogement Act provides for the estoblishment of locol Groundwoter Sustoinobility Agencies to mqnoge groundwoter sustoinobility within the groundwoter subbosins defined by the DWR. The DWR prioritized oll groundwoter bosins in the stote designoting High ond Medium priority bosins to help identify, evoluote, ond determine the need for odditionol groundwoter level monitoring.

High or Medium priority bosins subiect to criticol conditions of overdroft qre required to submit q Groundwoter Sustoinobility Plon (GSP) by Jonuory 31, 2O2O, to ensure o sustoinoble yield of groundwoter, without cousing undesirqble results. Fqilure to comply with thot requirement could result in the stote osserting its power to monoge locol groundwoter resources. The stote hos identified the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin, which underlies the City ond the CVWD district boundories, os o high-priority groundwoter bosin (refer olso to Toble 4-7 ond Figure 5-6 of the MJHMP).
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CVWD overloys the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin (DWR Bosin No. 3-Ol8), o relotively lorge groundwoter oquiferr lhot exlends beyond the Venturo County line on the eost, to Toro Conyon on lhe west, from the foothills of Sonto Ynez Mountoins to the north, ond extending offshore to the southwest for over o mile. The Bosin includes opproximotely 16.6 squore miles of surfoce oreo ond multiple woter-beoring zones. Totql storoge in the oquifer is estimoted to be opproximotely 200,000 AF (CVWD 1986), while usoble storoge for the Bosin rechorge oreo wos estimoted to be neorly 38,926 AF (Morks 2015). The estimoted sustoinoble yield of the Bosin Unit No. I is opproximotely 4,000 AFY. From Woter Yeor 20'15 to Woter Yeor 2019, CVWD pumped on overoge of 1,953 AFY from the groundwoter bosin, which represents opproximotely 46 percent of CVWD's totol supplies over thot period (CVWD 2021o).

Groundwoter rights in the Bqsin hove not been odiudicoted. CVWD odopted o Groundwoter Monogement Plon in 1996 to estqblish its role os groundwoter monoger for the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin. The Groundwoter Monogement Plon will ultimotely be superseded by o GSP in 2024, which is currently under development (CVWD 2021o). ln yeors with little roinfoll, higher levels of groundwoter pumping con exocerbqte ongoing overdrofts in the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin, occeleroting groundwoter drow down ond potentiol woter quolity problems. Since groundwoter level fluctuotions ore cyclicol ond sensitive to overdroft, groundwoter withdrowol is closely monitored (Sonto Borboro County lntegroted Regionol Woter Monogement [RWM] Cooperoting Porlners 2019).

Surfoce Woler
Surfoce woter found in streoms ond reservoirs ore on importont port of the regionol woter supply for domestic use. The development of reservoirs con reduce the threqt of flooding ond store streom runoff until it is needed, ollowing society to use woter from winter roins to meet our needs during the dry summer ond fqll months when streoms cqnnot meet demond.

CVWD receives surfoce woter supplies from the Cochumo Proiect ond SWP. Over the period 2016 to 2Q20, CVWD hos received qn onnuol overoge of 2,448 AFY (62 percent of CVWD's woter supplies) from these sources (CVWD 2O21a). The Cochumo Proiect includes Loke Cochumo, Brodbury Dom, Tecolote Tunnel, ond South Coost Conduit (SCC) ond reloted distribution systems, which were constructed in the eorly 1950s. Loke Cochumo, the county's lorgest reservoir, is locoted on the middle Sonto Ynez River qbout 25 miles northwest of Sonto Borboro. During the most recent drought, Loke Cochumo wqs down to opproximotely 6 percent of its overqll woter holding copocity ond olthough it hos recovered, it is now only ot opproximotely 48.1 percent copocity. Moreover, over the post I 1 yeors ond through five lorge fires, the wotershed oreos surrounding Loke Cochumo hqve been denuded of extensive omounts of vegetotion, which will result in obundont omounts of sediment ond debris during stormflows, much of which will end up in Loke Cochumo. The resultont debris flows hove introduced lorge omounts of orgonic moteriol into surfoce woters, ond possible impocts could include increosed nutrient looding, dissolved orgonic corbon, moior ions, firefighting compounds, turbidity, ond generol treotobility chollenges in the region's Iorgest drinking woter source (Sonto Borboro County IRWM Cooperoting Portners 2019). CVWD purchosed on onnuol overoge of 1,594 AF from the Cochumo Proiect over the period 2016 to 2O2O. This omount represents 4l percent of CVWD's totol woter supplies (CVWD 2Q21ol.

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Imported Woter fstote Wster Proiect)
The SWP is the lorgest stote-built, multi-purpose woter proiect in the country. CVWD is on SWp porticipont in Sontq Bqrboro County, with o moximum qllocotion set ot 2,2OO AFY in o normol yeor (including o 200 AF buffer) (CVWD 2021o).SWP woter hos helped reduce the use of groundwoter in the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bqsin. SWP woter olso hos improved woter quolity in oreos thot directly receive SWP woter qnd hos increosed the overoll woter supply in Sonto Borboro County (Sonto Bqrboro County 2O17b). Since Stote Woter is used primorily os o supplementol suppty, the omount received by CVWD will vory eoch yeor. Actuol SWP woter deliveries to CVWD in 2e2O were 0 AF. For the period 2016-2020, SWP woter provided opproximotely 854 AFY, or 22 percent, of CVWD's woter supplies (CVWD 2021ol.

Recycled Water and Advanced Trealment
ln oddition to potoble woter supplies, severol woter purveyors in the county olso use non-potoble recycled wostewoter to irrigote porks, schools, golf courses, ond other lorge, londscoped oreos.

The CVWD is plonning for future odditionol woter supplies such os potoble reuse viq the Corpinterio Advonced Purificotion Proiect (CAPP). The CAPP will produce odvonced treoted recycled woter thot will be iniected into the Corpinterio Groundwoler Bosin to be stored qnd loter extrocted to meet potoble demonds. The CAPP is expected to begin delivering woter in 2026, ond produce opproximotely 1,000 AFY of relioble, drought-proof locol supply.

Waler Conservolion
To use oll ovoiloble wqter supplies wisely ond efficiently, CVWD implements numerous woter conservotion or woter use efficiency meqsures, including conservotion tips, surveys, conservotion progroms, ond rebote progroms for residents, commerciol users, ond ogriculturol users. These meosures ore directed ot helping wqter users minimize unnecessory use of woter during limes of plentiful supply ond help stretch limited woter resources during woter shortoges (see olso Sectioh

6.3.7, Droughl & Woler Shortoge). The CVWD odministers severol demond monogement progroms for municipol customers, including the following:
o Woter woste prevention ordinonces
o Metering
o Conservotion pricing
o Public educotion qnd outreoch
o Woter loss control
o Conservotion progrom coordinotion ond stoffing
o Other demond monogement meosures lhot significontly impoct woter use.

During declored woter supply shortoges, the CVWD uses o six-stoge rotioning plon thot includes voluntory ond mondotory rotioning, depending on the couses, severity, ond onticipqted durotion of the shortoge. The criterio for triggering the CVWD's woter rotioning stqges ond woler usoge reduction gools ore summorized in Toble 5-5 below.
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Tqble 5-5 Woler Shorlqge Sloges ond Gools
Shortoge Condition Stoge Cuslomer Reduction Goql Type of Rctioning Progrom Less thon 'l 0 Percent I 100/" Voluntory
l0 ro 20 Percent 2 2OV. Mondotory
20 ro 30 Percent 3 30% Mondolory
30 to 40 Percent 4 40% Mondotory
40 to 50 Percent 5 50% Mondolory
More thon 50 Percent 6 >500h Mondolory
Source: CVWD 2021o.

Hislory of Hqzord in the City of Cqrpinteriq
Colifornio is no stronger to drought; it is o recurring feolure of our climote. Three 20th century droughts were of porticulor importonce from o woter supply stondpoint-the droughts of 1929- 1934, 1976-1977, ond 1987-1992. More recent multiyeor droughts occurred in 2QQ7-2009 ond 2O12-2012 (DWR 2021cl. Colifornio's most recent multi-yeor drought occurred from 20,l2-2017, which wos one of the documenled driest consecutive woter yeors in the county with 50.83 inches in cumulotive roinfoll (Sonto Borboro County 2021; see olso, Section 5.3.2 of the2022 MJHMP for o detoiled discussion of multi-yeor droughts thot were identified os hoving significont impocts on the county). An iconic imoge of this drought wos publicized in 2O17 when the temporory emergency pumping plont ond pipeline oi Loke Cochumo were used to move \Moter for fte Sonto Borboro oreo ocross the loke's dry bottom to the distribution system intoke thot hod been stronded by folling loke levels. Loke Cochumo, which supplies 4l percent of CVWD's totol woter supplies os previously mentioned, hod woter levels so low o speciol borge fiited with lorge pumps hod to be employed to qccess remoining woter. On April 7 , 2017 ,
the Governor lifted the stotewide drought emergencyi
however, given ongoing low woter levels in locol reservoirs, the County kept the locol drought emergency in ploce until 2019. Effects of this drought included wetlond ond streom drying, impocts to ogriculturol lond, ond tree mortolity ocross the Corpinterio Volley. Additionolly, CVWD's woter storoge copocity ond woter quqlity were impocted ot Loke Cochumo from increqsed sedimentotion from lhe Thomos Fire in 2017 (Sonto Morio Times 2021).

Probqbility of Occurrence
Likely - Droughts ore o regulorly recurring feoture of Sonto Borboro County weother thot con be offected by overoll regionol or worldwide climoctic potterns. El Niffo ond Lo Niffo events qre noturol climote potterns over lhe Pocific Oceon often with globol effects, with influence over the weqther of the U.S. southwest thqt on overqge occur every two to seven yeors. ln ony given yeor, CVWD ond the City con be subiect to drought conditions ond woter shortoges. However, out of fte lost l0 yeors, the county hos been under o locolly declored drought emergency for five yeors; lherefore, it is likely drought ond ossocioted wqter shortoges will continue ond moy increose due to climote chonge considerotions, os described further below.

Climqte Chqnge Considerqlions
Climote chonge hos the potentiol to moke drought increosingly common olong the west coost, including in the City of Corpinterio. DWR proiects climote chonge will result in more vorioble weother potterns in Cqlifornio thot moy leod to more severe, frequent, ond exfended droughts, City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
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which will impoct the City's woter supply (DWR 2021c), Extreme heot creotes conditions more conducive for evoporotion of moisture from the ground, lhereby increosing the severity of drought os well os wildfires.

As described in the County's CCVA (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 20211, "Two distinct metrics meosure precipitotion: I ) onnuol overoge precipitotion ond 2) seosonolity. Although there will likely be o slight increose in precipitotion throughout the 2lst century, the seosonolity moy chonge (i.e., timing during o given yeor). There will likely be more roin during periods of precipitotion (e.g., storms with higher roinfoll totols), fewer totol doys with precipitotion, ond on increose in yeor-to-yeor voriobility. This meons thot more roin moy foll during fewer storms throughout lhe yeor." Bosed on these proiections, there will be o groduol increose in overoge onnuol precipitotion in the South Coost (refer to Toble 5-7 of the MJHMP; Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportmenl 2021|
Due lo these chonges in precipitotion potterns, olthough episodic severe storm events moy increose in severity, droughts will likely lost longer ond hoppen more frequently becouse of more voriobility in precipitotion extremes. Averoge bose flows in the City's creeks ore proiected to decline significontly in on eorly- ond lote-century (e.g., post-2050) extended drought scenorio. This reduction in overoge bose flows will offect two key locol woter supply sources (i.e., surfoce woter reservoirs ond groundwoter), impocting urbon ond ogriculturol uses ond nqturol resources (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportmenl 2021).

Snowpock is the omounl of snow thot occumulotes during the winter ond is o noturol reservoir thot stores woter during the winter. As it slowly melts in the spring ond summer, it feeds streoms ond rivers thot provide woter to regions hundreds of miles owoy olong the Centrql Coqst ond Southern Colifornio. The Sierro Nevodo snowpock is importont in terms of providing woter storoge ond ensuring odequote supply in the summer to the SWP when woter is most needed. A worming plonet could leod to eorlier melting of winter snowpocks, leoving lower streom flows ond drier conditions in the Sierro Nevodq during lote spring ond summer.ln2021, the snowpock in the Northern Sierro wos 70 percent of the qveroge, but the roin wos less thon 50 percent of the qnnuol overoge, moking it the third driest yeor on record. Loss of snowpock will increose os temperotures increose becouse of less precipitotion during droughts, more precipitotion folling os roin, ond snow melting eorlier in the spring (Sonto Bqrboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 20211.

Chonging precipitotion distribution ond intensity is proiected to leqd to increqsed run-off rother thon be coptured ond stored exocerboting the potentiol for drought. The result of these processes is on increosed potentiol for more frequent, longer-losting, ond more severe periods of drought (DWR 2021cl.

5.3.8 Exlreme Heot/Freeze
Description of Hqzqrd
Exlreme heqt is defined by FEMA os temperotures thot hover l0 degrees Fohrenheit (oF) or more obove the regionol overoge high temperoture or over I OO 'F in Cqlifornio qnd lost for ot leost three doys or even os long os severol weeks (FEMA 2O21b). Extreme heot is o function of heot ond relotive humidity. A heot index describes how hot the heot-humidity combinotion mqkes the oir feel.

As relotive humidity increoses, the oir seems wormer thon it is becouse the body is less copoble of 78 Februory 2023
Chopler 5.0. Hozard Assessmenl
cooling itself or reguloting heot vio evoporotion of perspirotion. As the heot index rises, so do heolth risks such os heot exhoustion, sunstroke, ond heotstroke. Those ot the greoiest risk of heotreloted stress ond iniuries include the elderly, smoll children, individuols who work outside, potients with chronic medicol conditions, those on prescription medicotion theropy, ond people with weight ond olcohol problems, especiolly during heot woves in oreos where moderote climote usuolly prevoils.

While the effects of extreme heot on humon heolth con be severe, so too con its effects be on noturol ecosystems, services, infrostructure, ond vorious economic sectors (e.g., ogriculturol sector).

During periods of extreme heot, tronsporfotion, gos, power, ond other services moy be disrupted, ond criticol infrostructure mqy be destroyed or domoged (FEMA 2021b). The Notionol lnstitute for Occupotionol Sofety ond Heolth (NIOSH), olongside the Occupotionol Sofety ond Heqlth Administrotion (OSHA), provides q Heqt Sofety ToolApp thot offers occupotionol sofety ond heqlth recommendotions bosed on the heot index (NIOSH 2021 i OSHA 2021). Eoch extreme heot doy or heot wove ccln present odditionol risk of other hozords present within the City but is primorily o direct contributor to wildfire hozords ond risks (see Section 5.3.10, Wildfire).

Freeze conditions ore defined os porticulorly cold weother spells coused by cold fronls where temperotures ore sustoined ot 32 oF or below for o period of two or lhree doys. Typicolly, frost con occur when the temperoture folls below 36 oF, especiolly in rurol oreos ond in the eorly mornings. lt is o locolized phenomenon ond con be quite vorioble ocross o smoll oreo, qnd though inf requent, it con severely offect unsheltered homeless individuols ond individuols who work outside.

Freeze conditions con olso severely impoct the ogriculture sector, the lorgest economic sector in Corpinterio Volley qnd one of the lorgest economic sectors in the County, oround the winter ond spring growing seosons when freeze con couse extensive crop domoge. locqtion qnd Extent of Hqzord in the City of Cqrpinleriq Extreme heot occurs when temperqtures rise significontly obove normol levels, ond the key metric is the number of extreme heot events per yeor ond heotwove durotion. "Extreme heot" is o relotive term-temperotures of ,l00 oF ore normol in ploces like Polm Springs, but olmost unprecedented in coostol oreos of Sonto Borboro County, such os the City.

Coostol communilies on overoge hove lower temperotures compored to communities in the inlond oreos of the county ond could be less ot risk to extreme temperotures olthough potentiolly less occlimotized to high temperotures if they occur. The highest overoge temperotures in the City occur in August ond September. ln coostol oreos such os the City, overoge monlhly high temperotures more moderotely ronge from 65 "F to75 "F (Western Regionol Climote Center 2021).

The eorliest medion 32 "F freeze in the south county from 1980 to 2010 occurred between November I I -20. During inclement weother periods (very cold, or very cold with roin) Sonto Borboro County controcts third porties to provide worming centers torgeted ot unsheltered homeless individuols. However, in the winter months oI2O2O, worming centers were severely limited omid sofety concerns reloted to the COVID-19 pondemic (refer to Section 5.3.5, PondemicfPublic Heolth Emergencyl.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 79 L
l
Hozord Profiles
Hislorv of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinteria
Sonto Borboro County hos experienced severol extreme heot events in the post; however, they ore not well documented. One documented event reported os "simoon", occurred on June 17, 185g, where o record temperoture of '133 "F wos ioken during on extreme heot ond wind event thot struck Sonto Borboro in the eorly ofternoon (Noozhowk 2O2O). This event set the world record for the hottest temperoture ever recorded on Eorth, which wos held for 75 yeors until the record wos broken by one degree in Deoth Volley on July 10, 1913 (Guinness World Records 2O2l). More recently, occording to the NOAA Storm Events Dotobose, o combinotion of high pressure ond high humidity coused temperotures to spike to between 'l OO 'F ond I I 9 oF on July 22,2}O|,throughout southern Colifornio, including the county (NOAA 2021o).ln 2O2O, heotwoves in the Sonto Ynez Volley with temperotures reoching I 18 'F coused eorty grope horvests ot wineries (Jervis 2O2Ol.

There hove been two federolly declored freeze events in the county. The first occurred from December I 9, 'l 990, through Jonuory 3, 'l 99,l, ond wos federolly declored on Februory I l, 1 991 (DR-894-CA). The second occurred from Jonuory 11, 2007, through Jonuory 17,2OO7, ond wos federolly declored on April 20,2OO7 (FEMA-1689-DR). Widespreod freezing conditions were reported ocross ogriculturol oreos of Sonto Borboro County. Totol crop domoges in Sonto Bqrboro County were estimoted to be oround $20 million (NOAA 2021ol.ln oddition, the NOAA Srorm Events Dotobose reported q freeze eveni on December 21 , 1998, thot losted three nights. The Colifornio Deportment of Food ond Agriculture reported over $83 million in crop losses ocross o four-county oreo (NOA A 2021ol.

Probqbilily of Occurrence
Highly likely - Neorly every summer, lhere ore o few doys of extreme heot. ln ony given yeor, the City con be subiect to extreme heol or freeze conditions. As previously described, the hottest months in the City ore August ond September, while the coldest month is Jonuory. ln Corpinterio, high temperotures ore typicolly ossocioied with offshore wind events ond normolly occur in the lote summer ond foll (see Section 5.3.19, Windstorm).

Climole Chqnge Considerqtions
As temperotures rise due to climote chonge, residents, employees, ond visitors in the City will fqce o greoter risk of deoth from dehydrotion, heotstroke/exhoustion, heort ottqck, stroke, ond respirotory distress cqused by extreme heot. By mid-century, extreme heot events in urbon centers could couse two to three times more heot-reloted deqths lhon occurring todoy. Freezing spells ore likely to become less frequent os climote temperotures increose (Climote Centrol 2O1g).

Historicolly, Sonto Borboro Counly hos experienced on overoge of four extreme heot doys o yeor, however, this is expected to increose to 12 extreme heot events per yeor by 2030, l9 extreme heot events per yeqr by 2Q6O, ond 34 extreme heot events per yeqr by 2100 (Sonto Bqrboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2021). Due to the rising temperotures, heot woves ore likely to become more frequent, which will hove direct impocls on humon heqlth in terms of heot-reloted illness. The City ond Corpinteriq Volley's lorge forming ond viticulture production which employs hundreds of outdoor loborers will be vulneroble to the rising temperotures ond most ot risk for heot-reloted illnesses. Residents will olso be vulnerqble to rising temperotures, os mony of the homes on the coost do not hove oir conditioning units, os there wos less of o need in the post, 80 Februory 2023
Chopler 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
ond therefore moy be less prepored compored to the inlond region of the county to odopt to extreme heot events.

Coscoding impocts include increosed stress on woter quontity ond quolity, degroded oir quolity, ond increosed potentiol for more severe or cotostrophic noturol events such os heovy roin, droughts, ond wildfire. Another coscoding impoct includes increosed durotion ond intensity of wildfires with wormer temperotures.

Extreme heot hos olso been shown to occelerote weor ond teor on the noturql gos system ond electricol infrostructure. Proiected increoses in summer demond ossocioted with rising temperotures moy increose risks to energy infrostruclure ond moy exceed the copocity of existing substotions ond distribution line infrostructure ond systems.

For Colifornio, most proiections of heot evenis hove been conducted with cooperotion from the Scripps lnstitute of Oceonogrophy, UC Son Diego. Models hove been consistent in proiecting increoses in the onnuol overoge temperoiure of up to 5 oF by the 2030s ond up to '10 'F by the end of the century or sooner, olthough not every doy will be holter. This work hos olso indicoted thqt extreme temperoture events will occur more frequently. Minimum nighttime temperotures qre olso predicted to increose qnd should be considered.

5.3.9 Dqm Foilure
Descriplion of llqzqrd
Dqm foilure con occur due to prolonged periods of roinfoll qnd flooding thot exceed q dom's design requirements. Dom foilures con olso result from ony one or o combinotion of the following:
old oge, poor design, structurol domoge, improper siting, improper mointenonce, londslides flowing into q reservoir, or terrorist octions. Structurol domoge is often o result of o flood, erosion, or eorthquoke. A cotostrophic dom foilure generotes q substontiol degree of energy ond con couse flooding downstreom wilh cotostrophic impocts to life ond property. The force of the woter from dom foilure is lorge enough to corry boulders, trees, outomobiles, ond even houses olong o destructive poth downstreom. The potentiol for cosuolties, environmentol domoge, ond economic loss is greot. Domoge to electric generoting focilities ond tronsmission lines could impoct life support systems in communities outside lhe immediote hozord oreq. Additionolly, the ossocioted woter supply ond woter quolity moy be offected resulting in supply chollenges ond potentiol heolth concerns.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 8r
Hozord Profiles
locqtion qnd Extent of Hozqrd in the City of Corpinteriq Two of the '14 doms in the county would impoct the City of Corpinterio should they cotostrophicolly foil, nomely lhe Sonto Monico Debris Bosin ond Corpinterio Dom (Toble 5-6). As described obove, federol doms ore not subieci to DWR Division of Sofety of Doms (DSOD) iurisdiction ond ore exceptions; however, the U.S. Bureou of Reclomotion (USBR) uses its form of risk onolysis ond best proctices guidonce to ovoid potentiol dom foilure events (USBR 2021). These doms ronge in purpose from wqter supply to flood control.

Toble 5-6. Sqnlo Bqrbqro County Dqms Thqt lmpoct the City of Coryinterio Dom Nome Owner Nqme Yeor Buih Reservoir Copocily
Sonto Monico Debris Bosin County Flood Control District 1978 N/A Corpinferio Dom USBR r 953 40 ocre-feet
Sourcer DWR DSOD 2021b, USBR 2021.

The Sonto Monico Debris Bosin is o very lorge, engineered bosin with o two-tiered dom foce thot wos built in 1977 os on element of the Corpinterio Volley Wotershed Proiect. lt is owned qnd operoted by Sonto Borboro County Flood Control ond is locoted on Sonto Monico Creek,2.3 miles north of the oceon. The debris bosin wos designed to trop 2O8,OOO cubic yords of flood debris.

The dom is over 60 feet high on the upstreom ond opproximotely 150 feet high on the downstreom side. The dqm is covered with lorge riprop ond q concrete spillwoy locoted on the eost side of the bosin. The spillwoy is opproximotely l,600 feet long ond dischorges into o plunge pool. The plunge pool is opproximotely 300 feet long, 150 feet wide, ond 30 feet deep when cleon ond octs os o sediment cotch bosin qnd is cleoned ond restored to full copocity ofter eoch storm event lo be reody os needed for future storms (Notionol Wotershed Coolition 20l g).

Corpinterio Reservoir is o concrete-lined bosin built on Corpinterio Creek ond serves qs o terminol reservoir. The dom is on eorthfill structure built 3lfeet high with o crest length of 1,350 feet ond o copocity of 40 ocre-feet. The dom, built in 1953, is owned by rhe USBR (USBR 2022).

Per Colifornio Code of Regulotions Section 335.4, the DWR DSOD clqssifies doms into four cotegories (i.e., low, significont, high, ond extremely high hozord potentiol) bosed on the size of the dom's reservoir ond the populotion thot would be impocted by o dom foilure; it does not reflect the condition of the dom or its structures. All '14 doms in the county, including the Sonto Monico Debris Bqsin ond Corpinterio Dom, ore identified by the DWR DSOD os high-hozord doms (i.e., dom fqilure would be expected to couse loss of ot leost one humon life). Since 2017, Colifornio Legisloture hos required oll stote iurisdictionol doms, except low hozord doms, to develop inundotion mops ond emergency oction plons. The DWR DSOD mopped inundotion zones show thot portions of the City moy be inundoted should o dom cotostrophicolly foil. Dom foilure inundotion zones mopped by the Stqte of Colifornio indicote oreos thot would be inundqted should o dqm foil cotostrophicolly. Figure 5-6 disploys the dom locotions ond dom inundotion oreos in the City of Corpinterio.
82 Februory 2023
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Hozord Profiles
As described in the County MJHMP, the county hos experienced one incident of cotostrophic dom foilure, which occurred in the community of Mission Conyon, opproximotely I0.5 miles northwest of the City. No historicol dom foilures hove occurred within or in the vicinity of the City.

The DWR DSOD provides oversight of the design, construction, ond mointenonce of iurisdictionolsized ond non-Federol doms. Due to the DWR DSOD, mony potentiol dom issues hove been oddressed ondf or resolved (DWR DSOD 2021a). Additionolly, the USBR, responsible for oversight of the Corpinterio Dom ond oll other federot doms in the county, hos improved systems to ensure thot peok releoses during heovy inflows do not result in excessive downstreqm flows, which reduces the possibility of inundotion from overflows {Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 20'15).

As described in Section 5.3.2, Mudflow & Debrrs Flow, the Sonto Monico Debris Bosin wos filled with debris ofter the Jonuory 2018 storms. This wos the most significont test of the Bosin since its construction ond the first time thot debris hod filled the Bqsin to the point of exceeding the crest of the emergency spillwoy. Fortunotely, the bosin copocity wos odequote such thot very little debris went through the emergency spillwoy resulting in no significont domoge downstreom. Locol officiols with ossistqnce from FEMA ond the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) responded ropidly in cleoning out the debris from fte bosin restoring its copocity to trop qdditionql debris during the spring roins (Notionol Wotershed Coolition 2018). This wos not the first yeor thot the debris bqsin hos functioned os designed ond prevented domoges downstreom. Some of these memoroble storms include the floods of Morch 1995, the "El Niffo floods" of I 998, ond f loods in 2O0S (refer to Section

5.3.1, Flood). After eoch of these events, moior work wos required ond completed to cleon ond restore the bosin os quickly os possible to be reody for future storms (Notionol Wotershed Coolition 2018).

Probqbilily of Occurrence
Occqsionol - Dom foilure events ore infrequent ond usuolly coincide with the events thot couse them, such os eorthquokes, londslides, qnd excessive roinfoll qnd snowmelt; therefore, lhe probobility of future occurrence is unlikely. There is o "residuql risk" ossocioted with doms; residuol risk is the risk thot remoins ofter sofeguords hove been implemented. For doms, the residuol risk is ossocioted with events beyond those thot the focility wos designed to withstond. However, the probobility of occurrence of ony type of dqm foilure event is considered to be low in todoy's regulotory qnd dom sofety oversight environment.

Climqte Chqnge Considerotions
The potentiol for climote chonge to offect the likelihood of dom foilure is not fully understood ot this point. There is potentiol for increosed precipitotion events os o result of climote chonge conditions to present o future increosed risk of dom foilure if lorge inflows to reservoirs occur.

However, this could be offset by generolly lower reservoir levels if storoge woter resources become more limited or stretched in the future due to climote chonge, drought, ondf or populotion growth. 84 Februory 2023
Chopter 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf

5.3.10 Wildfire
Description of Hqzqrd
A wildfire is on unplonned fire thot burns in o noturol oreo or wildlonds, such os the Los Podres Notionol Forest or undeveloped ronchlond, porticulorly in the Sonto Ynez Mountoins. Of criticol concern is the wildlond-urbon inierfoce (WUl). According to the Notionol Fire Plon issued by the U.S. Deportments of Agriculture qnd lnterior, the WUI is defined os "...fhe line, oreo, or zone where slruclures ond olher humon developmenl meel or inlermingle with undeveloped wildlond or vegelofive fuels." ln WUI fires, the fire is fueled primorily by noturolly occurring vegetotion in the wildlond ond urbon oreos os well os the urbon structurol elements themselves. The WUI oreo in the City includes developed single-fomily neighborhoods immediotely odiocent to the foothills of the Sonto Ynez Mountoins ond lorger estote homes within the wildlond oreos in Corpinterio Volley. A wildfire in the WUI could burn from wildlonds into the urbon oreo, which hos hoppened during severql fires in Sonto Borboro County such os the Thomqs, Point (Pointed Cove), Sycomore Conyon, Teo, ond Jesusito wildfires during which over 11000 homes were domoged or destroyed in the South Coost.

The moiority of wildfires ore coused by humons or lightning. Once ignited, wildfire behqvior is bosed on three primory fqctors: fuel, topogrophy, qnd weother. Fuel will offect the potentiol size ond behovior of o wildfire depending on the omount present, its burning quolities (e.g., level of moisture), ond its horizontol qnd verticol continuity. Topogrophy offects the movement of oir, ond thus the fire, over the ground surfoce. The terroin con olso chonge the speed ot which the fire trovels, ond the obility of firefighters to reoch ond extinguish the fire.

Mountoinous terroin ond limited rood occess to rurol oreos in the mountoins inlond of the City con sometimes prevent eosy occess by firefighting equipment. Weother os monifested in temperoture, humidity, ond wind (both short- ond long-ferm) offect the probobility, severity, ond durotion of wildfires. High winds, in porticulor, con couse q wildfire to ropidly odvonce through olreody dry vegetotion posing o moior chollenge to fire fighting ond moy even ot times limit the sofe use of oircroft, which con greotly reduce firefighting copocity.

Locqlion qnd Exlent of Hqzord in the City of Cqrpinteriq The Colifornio Deportment of Forestry ond Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) Fire ond Resource Assessment Progrom (FRAP) provides high-quolity spotiol doto, mops, ond online dotq viewers which provide criticol informotion on the heolth ond risk foctors ossocioted with forest ond ronge londs within the Stote of Colifornio. These mops include but ore not limited to Fire Hozord Severity Zones, WUl, qnd Fire Perimeters. Fire Hozord Severity Zones ore qreos of significont fire hozords bosed on fuels (vegetotion), terroin, weother, ond other relevont foctors. These zones define the opplicotion of vqrious mitigotion strotegies to reduce the risk ossocioted with wildlond fires. The most current Fire Hozord Severity Zone mops were creoted in 2OO7. Figure 5-Z shows the Fire Hozord Severity Zones locoted in the City of Corpinterio. CAL FIRE's FRAP olso developed doto thot disploys the relotive risk from wildfire to sreos of significont populotion density, known os the WUl. This doto is creoted by intersecting residentiol housing unit density with proximote fire threot to give o relolive meosure of potentiol loss of structures ond threots to public sofety from wildfire. Figure 5-8 wos generoted using this doto ond shows the WUI oreos in the City. This figure depicts oreos where potentiolfuels treotments (e.g., controlled burns, vegetotion thinning) should be prioritized to reduce wildlond fire threqts to populotion centers.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 85 Hozord Profiles
Mony of the communities ot risk contoin relotively old homes thot reflect the building moteriols ondf or codes in effect ot the time of construction (e.g., wood shoke roofs ond siding, open eoves, unscreened crowlspoce, ond ottic vents), which reseorch hos shown to be importont in most home losses during wildfires. As such, these homes ore ot increosed risk of ignition due to structure vulnerqbilities. ln oddition to hozord reduction through fuel reduction, educotion of homeowners ond mitigotion of structure ignition vulnerobilities is on importont priority in these communities. progroms thot support retrofits to existing struclures, combined with building codes thot moke future structures more fire-resistont, ore needed in mony fire-prone oreos.

History of Hqzord in the Citv of Cqrpinteriq
Becouse Sonto Borboro County is prone to wildfires, there is o long history of wildfires in the county.

Toble 5-Z lists the moior wildfires (1,000 ocres or greoter) in Sontq Borboro County from l g32-to 2021. CAL FIRE's FRAP olso compiles fire perimeters of wildfires ond hos estqblished on ongoing fire perimeter doto copture process. Figure 5-4 of the County MJHMP shows wildfire perimeters of significont wildfires within the lost 50 yeors (197O-2O20) in Sonto Borboro €ounty. Fire perimeters provide o reosonoble view of the spotiol distribution of post lorge fires. These historic fires ore orgonized by decode to show the evolution of fire behovior over the yeors.

Toble 5-7. Moior Wildfires in Sqnto Borbqro County
Source: Notionol lnterogency Fire Center 2O2l
Notes: Acreoge represents totol burned by fire; however, o number of these fires such os the Thomos Fire burned in other counties os well (e.g., Venluro County) so ocreoges burned in Sonto Borboro County would be lower in some instonces.

Yeqr Fire Nqme Acres Burned Yeqr Fire Nome Acres Burned 1932 North Shore 7,576 2002 Sudden 7,5OO
1971 Cielo 2,010 2004 Govioto 7,197
1971 Romero 14,538 2004 Cochumo 'I ,'l l5
1975 1,527 2006 Bold Fire 4,332
1977 Cochumo 2,250 2006 Perkins 14,923
1977 Hondo Conyon 8,526 2007 Toco 240,9o7
1979 Wosioio 2,006 2008 Gop 9,443
I 981 Rey 1,639 2008 Teo 1,94O
I 981 Ook Mountoin 8,688 2009 Jesusito 8,733
1984 Minutemon 1,187 2009 Lo Breo 89,489
r 985 Wheeler 122,697 20'r0 Beor Creek 1,252
'r989 Cocheo 1,233 201 3 White 1,994
r 990 Point 4,424 201 6 Rey 32,606
'r993 Morre 43,964 201 6 Sherpo 7,474
1994 Aliso 3,244 2017 Alomo Fire 28,834
1996 Wosioio 2,812 2017 Whittier Fire '18,430
1996 Cuyomo 1,4OO 2017 Thomos Fire 281,993
1997 Logon 49,490 20t8 Front Fire 1 ,O14
1997 Azoelo I ,351 2019 Cove Fire 3,126
1997 Holoween 1,129 2020 Scorpion Fire '1,395
r 998 Ogilvy 4,O29 2021 Alisol Fire 16,962
2000 Horris 8,684
86 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessrnenl
The Wheeler Fire, which occurred from July I -15, 1985, wos coused by orson in Wheeler Gorge, locoted opproximotely l5 miles northwest of Oioi. The oreo hod not burned in over 40 yeors ond wos full of dense, dry brush. A chonge in the wind coused the fire to move from Venturo County into Sonto Borboro County ond threoien Corpinterio. lt moved into Motiliio Conyon, cousing the fire to slop over into the Sonto Ynez wotershed obove Jomeson Reservoir.

Corpinterio High School become the stoging oreo. There were 2,700 firefighters on the scene, some f rom os for owoy os Michigon ond Arkonsos. Four doys loter, 8l ,000 ocres hod burned, ond criticol wotershed oreqs ond sensitive Colifornio condor hobitots were threolened (Lompoc Record 2021).

It wos decided thot the only woy stop the fire wos to stort bockfires to burn off 3OTOOO ocres of dense brush. Throughout the rest of the week, the fire continued to burn in severol moior conyons feeding into the Sonto Ynez River. Finolly, fie fire begon to wone when o tropicol storm off Boio Colifornio helped lower the temperoture into the ZQs. The fire wos controlled on July 15. lt burned I19,361 ocres, l9 homes, 32 buildings, 32 vehicles ond $3 million worth of orchords (Lompoc Record 20211.

Over the lost I0 yeors, Sontq Borboro County hos experienced nine moior fires. Four of these fires (i.e., Thomos, Cove, Sherpo, ond Whittier) directly threotened the heovily populoted Sonto Borboro front country. Three of these fires (i.e., Thomos, Sherpo, ond Whittier) resulted in destroyed structures, with over l r00O structures destroyed in the Thomos Fire, including mqny in the vicinity of the City. The City hos not been directly offected by mony of these recent wildfires. The Thomos Fire wos the only moior recent wildfire thot directly threotened the City, burning rurol hillsides obove the City, but not reoching City limits.

At the time in 2017, the Thomqs Fire wos the lorgest wildfire in modern Colifornio history, with o totql burn oreo of 281,893 ocres; destroying 1,063 structures ond resulting in one civilion ond one firefighter fotolity (Venturo County Fire Deportment 2O19). The Thomos Fire, which occurred in December, wos fueled by decodent brush, l0 yeors of drought, ond strong sundowner winds. The fire wos ignited north of Sontq Poulo in Venturo County ond burned into Sonto Borboro County through the Sonto Ynez Mountoins ond ports of the upper Sonto Ynez River wotershed. lt wos one of the first wildfires to burn from inlond Venturo County into the Sonto Borboro front country of the Sonto Ynez Mountoins. The perimeter of the Thomos Fire neorly reoched the City's boundories. The Thomos Fire required evocuotions of oll oreos of the City north of Highwoy 192 ond the City served os o key stoging oreo for regionol firefighting efforts, but no structures were lost due to the Thomos Fire in the City. The fire wos octive tor 40 doys ond ot one time involved more thon 8,500 firefighters, 800 fire engines, qnd dozens of oircroft (Notionol lnterogency Fire Center 2O21i Sonto Morio Times 2021lr. Over 2,000 of these firefighters were in the South Coost communities ond hod been for three doys prepping houses, loying lines, scouting escope routes, ond becoming fomilior with lhe londscope (Community Environmentol Council 2O2Ol.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borborq County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 87 -L_
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Chopter 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
Furthermore, lorge wildfires thot burn hotter remove oll vegetotion ond con melt surfoce soils creoting hydrophobic soils which do not ollow roinfoll to percolote, increosing the threot of other disosters such os flooding ond mud or debris flows. For exomple, the Thomos Fire wos followed by the 2018 Debris Flows which severely domoged the community of Montecito, killed more thon 20 residents, domoged or destroyed 400 or more homes, ond led to o 3-week closure of Highwoy I0'l ond the UPRR, severing connections between the City ond communities to fte north ond south (refer to Section 5.3.1, Flood ond Section 5.3.2, Mudflow & Debris Flow). ln oddition to lorger wildfires, such os the
Thomos Fire, on Februory 19, 2022, o
smoll fire broke out in o storm droin pipe
beneoth Highwoy l01 within the City of
Corpinterio. The fire storted qt the
entronce of the storm droin neor
Corpinterio Creek, ond spreod hundreds
of feet through the droin. CorpinterioSummerlond firefighters who responded to the scene found smoke ond flomes coming
from two mqnhole covers ond onother
opening under o bridge olong Highwoy
l0l between Boilord ond Cositos Poss Rd,
os well os olong the 5200 block of Vio
Reol. Highwoy 101 northbound from
Boilord to Cositos Poss Rood ond the 57OO
block of Vio Reol were closed to troffic due
to sofety concerns ond firefighting efforts.

Corpinterio-Summerlond Fire wos ossisted
by Montecito Fire Deportment, Sonto
lncident Profile: The Storm Drqin Fire
r
A smoll fire broke out in the storm droin system
beneoth Highwoy l0l ond the 5200 block of Vio
Reol on the evening of Februory 19, 2022. The
fire storted ot fie entronce of the storm droin
neor Corpinterio Creek, ond spreod hundreds of
feet through the droin.

Source: Edhot 2022. Photo: Montecito Fire
Deportment
Borboro City Fire Deportment ond Venturo rCounty Fire Deportment. Sonto Borboro County Sheriff's deputies ond CHP officers olso responded to the scene to ossist with troffic control (Edhof 2022).

Southern Cqlifornio Gos Compony (SoCol Gos) wos colled to the scene qnd determined no gos lines were involved in the incident. Corpinterio Sonitory District olso responded to investigote whether o broken sewer line could be the source of the fire ond thot wos olso ruled out. The storm droin where the fire occurred is lined wilh o thick plostic moteriol which coused the fire to continue burning with intensity for severql hours. Firefighters were oble to goin control ond extinguish the flomes thot night by pumping lorge quontities of woter into the storm droin. The northbound lones of Highwoy l0l were reopened thot night; however, Vio Reol remoined closed (Edhot 2022).

At opproximotely 1:30 q.m. the next doy, locol rood construction workers reported seeing smoke coming f rom the storm droin system in the some oreo. The closure of Highwoy I 01 northbound f rom Bqilord to Cositos Poss Rood wos reissued to ollow for emergency operotions. CorpinterioSummerlond firefighters responded to the scene ond requested Montecito Fire's engine thot is speciolly equipped with o Compressed Air Foom System. Firefighters sproyed the foom into the storm droin to eliminote the fire's oxygen source ond successfully extinguish it. By 5 o.m., the closure City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to lhe Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 9l
-l
Hozord Profiles
of Highwoy 101 northbound wos lifled (Edhot 20221. No neighboring residences were exposed to risk during the bloze (Sonto Borboro lndependent 2022).

Probqbilily of Occurrence
likely - Vegetotion ond topogrophy ore significont elements in the identificotion of the fire threot zones, os well os <)reos subiect to high winds such os sundowners (see Section 5.3.19, Wrndsform).

The City is set qt the bose of the Sonto Ynez Mountoins olong the coost, which support choporrol vegetotion, o shrublond hobitot of dense ond scrubby brush thot hos evolved to persist in o fireprone hobitot. Sonto Borboro County wos subiect to 42 moior wildfires over 88 yeors, resulting in o 48 percent chonce of occurrence in ony given yeor. While the likelihood thot o wildfire offecting the City is lower given its coqstol locotion ond urbon setting, it is highly likely thot regionol wildfires would require locol oction (e.g., evocuotions, firefighting) ond potentiol direct impocts (i.e., loss of structures) olong the City's WUl.

Climote Chq nge Considerotions
Bosed on reseorch performed by the Colifornio Governor's Office of Plonning ond Reseorch ond os noted by fire protection speciolists, climote chonge is now ploying o significont role in increosing the frequency ond severity of wildfires (Office of Governor 2O19). Growing omounts of GHGs coupled with populotion growth ond development qre expected to continue impocting forests ond nqturol resources in the Corpinferio Volley. Likewise, the effects of climote chonge hove the potentiol to impoct wildfire behovior, the frequency of ignitions, fire monqgement, ond fuel loods. lncreosing temperotures moy intensify wildfire threqt ond susceptibility to more frequent wildfires offecting the City.

Current scientific models suggest thot climote chonge will offect totol precipitotion ond wind polterns, with o tendency for drier conditions in Southern Colifornio, increosing fuel looding ond the flommobility of vegetotion (Colifornio Noturol Resources Agency 20l8). As such, studies expect Colifornio will be offected by increosed numbers of forest fires with odded intensity due to longer wormer seosons, reduced the distribution of biodiversity, lock of moisture, chonges in ecosystems, drought impocls (e.g., pest diseoses ond continued spreod of invosive species), ond other impocts in coming yeqrs. Wildfire behovior oppeors to be becoming more severe with fires burning hotter, moving more quickly, ond even creoting lheir own weother which in turn con cquse firestorms thot ore difficult to contoin. While wildfires ore o noturol port of Cqlifornio's ecology, the fire seoson is getting longer every yeor. Wormer temperotures, vorioble snowpock, ond eorlier snowmelt cqused by climote chonge moke for longer ond more intense dry seosons, leoving forests more susceptible to severe fire. Anticipoted growth ond development in the vicinity of the City con olso be expected to omplify these effects. As seen with the 2017 - 2018 wildfires, more domoge occurred in developed oreos like the Thomqs Fire in Venturo ond Sonto Borboro counties.

Lorge wildfires qlso hove severol indirect effects beyond those of o smoller, locol fire. These moy include mudflows ond debris flows, oir quolity qnd heolth issues, rood closures, business closures, ond other forms of losses (see olso, Section s.3.2, Mudflow & Debns Flowl. 92 Februory 2023
Chopter 5.0. Hozsrd,Assessmenf

5.3.1I Tsunqmi
Descriplion of Hqzqrd
A lsunqmi is o series of extremely long woves coused by o lorge ond sudden displocement of the oceon, usuolly the result of on eorthquoke below or neor lhe oceon floor. This force creotes woves thqt rodiote oulword in oll directions owoy from their source, sometimes crossing entire oceon bosins. Unlike wind-driven woves, which only trovelthrough the topmost loyer of the oceon, tsunomis move through the entire woter column, from the oceon floor to the oceon surfoce (NOAA 2018).

Once o tsunomi forms, iis speed depends on the depth of the oceon. ln the deep oceon, o tsunomi con move os fost os o iet plone, over 500 mph, ond its wovelength, the distonce from crest to crest, could be hundreds of miles. Moriners ot seo will not normolly notice o tsunomi os it posses beneoth them; in deep woter, the top of the wove rorely reoches more thon lhree feet higher thon the oceon swell. A tsunomi only becomes hozordous when it opprooches lond. As o tsunomi enters shollow woter neor coostql shorelines, it slows to 20 to 30 mph. The wovelength decreoses, the height increoses, ond currents intensify (NOAA 2018).

Lorge tsunomis ore significont threots to humon heolth, property, infrostructure, resources, ond economies. Rushing woter from woves, floods, ond rivers qre incredibly powerful. Just six inches of fost-moving woter cqn knock qdults off their feet, ond twelve inches con corry qwoy o smqli cor.

Tsunomis con be porticulorly destructive becouse of their speed ond volume. They ore olso dongerous os they relurn to lhe seo, corrying debris ond people with lhem. Low-lying qreos could experience severe inlond inundotion of woter ond deposition of debris. Effects con be long-losting ond felt for beyond the coostline. Tsunomis typicolly cquse the most severe domoge ond cosuolties neor their source, where there is little time for worning. But lorge tsunomis con olso reoch distont shorelines, cousing widespreod domoge. The 2004 lndion Oceon tsunomi, for exomple, impocted I Z countries in Southeostern ond Southern Asio ond Eostern ond Southern Africo (NOAA 2018).

Locqtion ond Extenl of Hczqrd in lhe City of Cqrpinteriq As shown in Figure 5-10, oreos prone to tsunomi hozords in the City ore limited to coqstol oreos ond offshore oreos. The City is very susceptible to fsunomi hozords, given thot if is locoted on or neor severol offshore geologicol foults, the more prominent foults being the Meso Foult, the Sonto Ynez Foult in the mountoins, ond the Sonto Rosq Foult (refer to Section 5.3.3, Eorlhquoke & Liquefoclion). Other unnomed foults in the offshore oreo of the Chqnnel lslonds moy present tsunomi hozords. These foults hove been octive in the post ond con subiect the City's coostol oreo to seismic oction ot ony time.

History of Hqzord in the City of Cqrpinteriq
Eorthquokes olong the county's coost olong submorine foult lines could generote lorge, destructive tsunomis. However, the relotive threot for locol tsunomis in the City con be considered low due to low recurrence frequencies. Moior foults of the Son Andreos zone, olthough copoble of strong eorthquokes, connot generote ony significont tsunomis. Only eorthquokes in the Tronsverse Ronges, specificolly the seoword extensions in the Sqnto Borboro Chonnel ond offshore oreo from Point Arguello, con generote locol tsunomis of ony significonce (Pororos-Coroyonnis 2OO7). The reoson for this moy be thot eorthquqkes occurring in these regions result in o significont verticol displocement of the crust olong these foults. Such tectonic displocements ore necessory for tsunomi City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 93 l
Hozord Profiles
generotion. Most of the tsunomis observed in Colifornio hove been smoll, cousing o slight rise in woter levels in coostol oreos ond little domoge. Lorge, locolly generoted tsunomis ore estimoted to occur once every 100 yeors (Pororos-Coroyonnis 2OO7).

There hove been no recorded locolly generoted tsunomis since 1988. Additionolly, previous tsunomi evenls were poorly documented, ond the precise extent of environmentol ond public impocts is uncertoin. Two tsunomi events hove offected the City:
o December 1812. Historicol records indicote one or lwo tsunomis were generoted from moior eorthquokes in the Sonto Borboro region in December of 1812. Reseorchers hove theorized thot o londslide triggered by on eorthquoke coused the tsunomi (NBC Los Angeles 20l B). The size ond extent of these tsunomis ore relotively uncertoin due to the lock of historicol records; however, unconfirmed estimotes in vorious literoture ond bosed on onecdotol history reports thot the Govioto Coost wos impocted by 1S-foot woves, the City of Sonto Borboro received 30- to 35-foot woves, ond Venturo County received woves of opproximotely l5 feet or more (Pororos-Coroyonnis 2OO7J. Additionolly, the USGS, in cooperotion with Moss Londing Morine Loborotory, mopped the slopes of the Sonto Borboro Chqnnel using sonor ond wos oble to link o lorge eorlhquoke in 181 2 to o tsunomi, which wiped out mony coostolvilloges ond destroyed ships in horbor (USGS 2003). Low lying oreos of Sonto Borboro ond Venturo were flooded ond domoge wqs reported to neorby ships due to powerful woves (NBC Los Angeles 20l8). o Februqry 27,201O. A mognitude 8.8 eorthquoke occurred olong the centrolcoost of Chile ond produced o tsunomi. For the coqst of Southern Colifornio, it wos one of the lorgest tsunomi episodes since 1964. At Sontq Borboro Pier, significont beoch erosion wos reported olong with displocement of buoys. The tsunomi surge losled more thon 20 hours. The most significont domoge occurred olong the coosts of Venturo ond the south coost of the county. Numerous reports of dock domoge were reported olong with beqch erosion.

Probqbility of Occurrence
Unlikely - The University of Southern Cqlifornio Tsunomi Reseorch Group hos modeled oreos in the City thot could potentiolly be inundoted in the event of o tsunomi. This model is bosed on potentiol eorlhquoke sources ond hypotheticol extreme underseo, neor-shore londslide sources. The doto wqs mopped by the Cqliforniq Geologicol Survey ond Col OES for Tsunomi Evocuqtion plonning.

The mops ond doto ore compiled wift the best currently ovoilqble scientific informotion ond represent oreos thot could be exposed to tsunomi hozords during o tsunomi event. The tsunomi inundotion mop helps to ossist cities ond counties in identifying their tsunomi hozord qreos. Figure 5-l0 shows tsunomi hozord oreos of the City.

Bosed on the tsunomi inundotion mop obove, severol oreos olong the coost of the City hove the potentiol to be inundoted by o tsunomi. Given there is q medium probobility of on eorthquoke, which would result in high impocts including potentiol tsunomi events in the City, rhe City is ot risk of future tsunomi events. However, the only documenled moior tsunomi event occurred in l8l2 ond lhe county continues to develop ond mointoin emergency plons for tsunomis. 94 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
Figure 5-10. City of Corpinterio Tsunomi Hqzqrd Areq
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Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 95 Hozord Profiles
Climqle Chq nge Considerqtion
As previously described, tsunomis ore creoted by eorthquokes or other eorlh movements. To dote, no direct relotionship hos been mqde between climote chonge ond the occurrences of eorthquokes or other eorth movements (refer to Section 5.3.3, Eorlhquokes ond liguefocfion).

5.3.12 Cyber Threot
Descriplion of Hqzqrd
The 2018 Colifornio Stqte Hozord Mitigotion Plon defines cyber-ottocks qs "ottempts by cyber criminols to ottock q government, orgonizotion, or privote porty by domoging or disrupting o computer or computer network, or by or steoling doto from q computer or computer network for molicious use." Cyber-ottocks use molicious code to olter computer operotions or doto. The vulnerobility of computer systems to ottocks is o growing concern os people ond institutions become more dependent upon networked technologies. The Federol Bureou of lnvestigotion (FBl) reports thot "cyber intrusions qre becoming more commonploce, more dongerous, ond more sophisticotedr" with implicotions for privote- ond public-sector networks (refer to Section 5.5.2, Cyber Thresl of rhe MJHMP for o discussion of the types of cyber ottocks).
ln o recent ottempt to combot this threot, the Stqte of Colifornio odopted SB 327 in September of 2018. This bill seeks to improve informotion privocy, specificolly on connected devices. Existing lows in Colifornio require businesses to toke qll reqsonoble steps to dispose of customer recordg within their cuslody contoining personol informotion ond olso require businesses thot own, license, or mointqin personol informotion obout o Coliforniq resident to implement ond mointoin reosonoble security procedures. SB 327, which went into effect Jonuory 1, 2020, further requires the monufocturer of connected devices to equip the device with o reosonoble security feoture to protect user informqtion.
locqlion qnd Extent of Hqzord in the City of Carpinteriq Cyber-oltocks con ond hqve occurred in every locotion regordless of geogrophy, demogrophics, ond security posture. lncidents moy involve o single locotion or multiple geogrophic oreos. A disruption con hove for-reoching effects beyond the locotion of the torgeted system; disruptions thot occur for outside the stote con still impoct people, businesses, ond institutions within the county.

The Sonto Borboro County Grond Jury determined in 2O2O thot cyber-ottocks ond reloted threots ore on ongoing security issue for oll public entities within the county, which requires prompt ond oggressive octions to prevent significont disruption (Sonto Borboro County Grond Jury 2O2O). This hqzord con occur onywhere within the €ity; however, cyber threots ore generolly torgeted towords lorger corporotions or the government.

The City's Finonciol Services Director, Licette Moldonqdoto, is responsible for the City's lT budget ond oversees oll City lT proiects. The City's lT consultont, Policore, works closely with Licette to opply oppropriote network ond security solutions. Currently, Policore visits the City once per week to hondle routine lT tosks which require on-site presencei olthough, the City is considering exponding the omount of time spent on-site. Policore olso provides support to the nelwork ond its users remotely for urgent ond off-hours mointenonce. City stoff holds periodic meetings with Policore to discuss 96 Febrvory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord,Assessmenf
network stotus, outstonding issues, upcoming proiects, ond Policore's recommendotions regording new technology topics (Policore 2022).

Policore ond the City work together lo increose the City's security posture on on ongoing bosis. For exomple, vorious network security upgrodes hove been implemented, such os odvonced firewoll systems, multi-loyered security, operoting system hordening, qnd developing o culture of security oworeness omongst the City stoff. Legocy systems ore reviewed often for possible security upgrodes, replocement ond configurotion for o more secure environment. Policore hos odditionol recommendotions for enhoncing the City's security needs ond expects to deliver them during security focused meetings (Policore 2022).

Hislory of Hqzard in the City of Cqrpinteriq
Between 2012 ond 2O15,50 million records of Colifornions were breoched, ond the moiority of these breoches resulted from security foilures, with molwore ond hocking; physicol breoches constituted three-quorters of oll events. As the use of digitol informotion exponds, Colifornions will increosingly become more vulneroble to the slow-moving, potentiql technologicol hozord of cyber domose (Col OES 20,l8).

While the City experiences minor cyber threots (e.g., spom ond phishing emoils), none hove reoched o level of significonce within the City. There hove been no logged instonces of network breoches or ottempted breoches in the City's cyber security to dote (Policore 2022).

Probqbilily of Occunence
Occosionql - As described obove, cyber threots ore on the rise globolly, notionolly, ond locolly.

The probobility of occurrence of cyber threots is ropidly increosing, especiolly with increosed relionce on the lnternet ond cloud-bosed computing. Smoll-scole cyber-ottocks occur doily, but most hove negligible impocis ot the locol or regionol level. Doto breoches ore olso extremely common, but ogoin most hove only minor impocts on government services. Perhops of greotest concern lo fte City ore ronsomwore ottocks, which ore becoming increosingly common. lt is difficult to predict the odds of the City being hit with o successful ronsomwore ottock in ony given yeor, but it is likely to be torgeted in the coming yeqrs. The possibility of o lorger disruption offecting systems within the City is o constont lhreot, but it is difficult to quontify the exoct probobility due to such highly vqrioble foctors os the type of ottock ond intent of the ottocker. Moior ottocks specificolly torgeting systems or infrostructure in the City connot be ruled out.

Climqte Chqnge Considerqlion
While there is no evidence to link climote chonge to on increose in occurrences of cyber threots, the torget could be reloted to issues with individuols or componies perceived to offect the climote (i.e., GHG producers).

5.3.13 Nqturql Gcs Pipeline Ruplure
Descriplion of Hqzqrd
The U.S. is heovily dependent on tronsmission pipelines to distribute energy ond fuel sources.

Virtuolly oll-noturol gos, which occounts for opproximotely o third of the energy consumed onnuolly, is tronsported by tronsmission pipelines (Colifornio Public Utilities Commission [CPUC] 2021l,.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 97 l
i
:i
Hozord Profiles
Generolly speoking, tronsmission lines ore lorge-diometer steel pipes corrying noturol gos ot high pressure ond compressed to provide higher corrying copocity. Tronsmission lines ore both interstote ond introstote, with the lotter connecting to smqller distribution lines delivering gos directly to homes qnd businesses.

Significont foilure, including pipe breoks ond explosions, con result in loss of life, iniury, property domoge, ond environmentol impocts. Couses of ond contributors to pipeline foilures include construction errors, moteriol defects, internol qnd externol corrosion, operotionol errors, control system molfunctions, outside force domqge, subsidence, ond seismicity. locqtion ond Extent of Hqzqrd in the City of Corpinteriq Nqturol gos is tronsported vio the interstote pipelines, ond some of the Colifornio-produced noturol gos, is delivered into the Pocific Gos & Electric (PG&E) ond SoCol Gqs introstote noturol gos tronsmission pipeline systems (commonly referred to os Colifornio's "bockbone" nsturol gos pipeline system) (CPUC 20211. Noturol gos on the utilities' bockbone pipeline systems is then delivered into the locol tronsmission ond distribution pipeline systems or to noturol gos storoge fields. PG&E ond SoCol Gos own ond operote severol noturol gos storoge fields thol ore locoted in Northern ond Southern Colifornio. Locolly, SoCol Gos, which serves the City of Corpinterio, operotes the Lo Goleto Storoge Field, o noturol gos storoge field ot More Ronch Rood in the Eostern Goleto Volley.

SoCol Gos purchoses morket-quolity noturol gos when prices ore low ond stores it in o depleted gos reservoir locqted qt this field.

The Petroleum Unit of the County's Plonning ond Development Deportment, Energy Division regulotes onshore oil ond gos octivities within the county by performing onnuol inspections of onshore wells, focilities, pipelines, ond other pertinent equipment throughout oil production leoses (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportmeni, Energy Division 20l8).

Nalurol Gos Odoronl and ltletering Focilities
Noturol gos is o colorless qnd odorless gos ond con be hormful if inholed, cqn couse suffocotion, fire, or explosion. As such, ond os required by low, nqturol gos must be odorized before entering o pipeline distribution system. The odor olso ossists in the detection of gos leoks ond the prevention of hozordous consequences. The odoront used by the Gos Compony is tetrohydrothiophene ond hos the well-known "rotten egg" smell. The two noturol gos odoront ond metering focilities locoted in the City of Corpinterio, the Corpinterio Noturol Gos Odoront ond Metering Focility ond the pitos Point Focility, were recently shut down ond ore no longer operotionol (City of Corpinterio 2022).

These focilities, both owned by SoCol Gos, were shut down in 20l8 ond will be fully decommissioned by SoCol Gos in 2023.

History of Hozqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq
There hove been no significont historicol events to report to dofe in the City of Corpinterio or Sonto Bqrborq County.

Probqbility of Occurrence
Occqsionql - lncreosed urbonizotion is resulting in more people living ond working closer to existing 9os tronsmission pipelines thot were ploced before government ogencies odopted ond implemented lond use ond other pipeline sofety regulotions. Compounding the potentiol risk is the 98 Februory 2023
Chopler 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
oge ond groduol deteriorqtion of the gos tronsmission system due to noturql couses. Growih in populolion, urbonizqtion, ond lond development neor tronsmission pipelines, together with the oddition of new focilities to meet new demonds, moy increose the likelihood of pipeline domoge due to humon octivity ond the exposure of people ond property to pipeline foilures.

Figure 5-l l. Nolurol Gos Pipeline in the City of Corpinterio P.
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This map has been provided at a 1:24,000 scale and as
a single county extent per th€ parameters provided by
pHMSA for publically viewing of gas facilities (Federal Register Vol, 81, l,lo. 120, June 22, 2O16),
Climqte Chqnge Considerotion
Climote chonge will not hove o direct effect on noturol gos pipelines; however, the 2016 Colifornio Legislotion (SB 32) to reduce emissions to 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 could reduce demond ond use of noturol gos ocross Colifornio. Further, in o decision issued on November 1, 2019, CPUC now requires oll energy utility componies, including PG&E qnd SoCol Gos to file vulnerobility qssessments, which includes considerotion of climote chonge (CPUC 2019). This decreose in demond, os well os mondotory evoluotion of the climqte chonge vulnerobilities for locol noturol gqs service providers ond the identificotion of strotegies for ochieving climote resiliency, moy reduce lhe number of pipeline ruptures ond releose events.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 99 l
Hozord Profiles

5.3.14 Oil Spill
Description of Hczqrd
An oil spill is o releose of liquid petroleum hydrocorbon into the environment due to humon octivity or technologicol error thot results in pollution of lond, woter, ond oir. Oil releoses olso occur noturolly through oil seeps either on lond or under woter. Morine oil spills, whether occidentol or intentionol, con result from the releqse of crude oil from offshore oil plotforms, drilling rigs, wells, underwoter pipelines, tonk trucks, ond morine tonk vessels (tonkers) ond even supply pipelines on lond. Refined petroleum products such os gosoline, diesel, ond heovier fuels such os bunker fuel used by corgo ships ore olso sources of potentiol oil spill releoses (Col OES 20l8).

Oil spills hove immediotely visible consequences on onimols qnd hobitots. Depending on the origin, size, ond durotion of the releose, on oil spill con hove serious impocts on oir ond woter quolity, public heolth, plont ond onimol hobitot, ond biologicol resources. Oil in the woter con be deodly for onimols. Oil is toxic when ingested. When birds get oil on their feothers, it impoirs the importont woterproofing thot is necessory to keep o bird worm. A bird moy olso lose its obility to floot in the woter or to fly if it is covered in oil. Oiled morine mommqls moy suffer from hypothermio. Oil moy couse reproductive problems ond genetic obnormolities in fish. Contominonts moy enter the food choin ond result in seofood thot is unfit for people to eot (Colifornio Coostol Commission 2Olgl.

Cleon-up ond recovery ore time ond cost-consuming, ond dependent on weother conditions such os wind ond roin. Tidol ond current conditions moy olso moke the spill more dynomic, which couses further difficulties with cleon-up octivities.

Mony stqte ond federol ogencies qre involved in preventing ond responding to oil spills. Plotforms in federol woters ore reguloted by the U.S. Deportment of the lnterior's Minerols Monogement Service. Focilities locoted in stole woters less thon 3 nouticol miles from shore ore reguloted by the Colifornio Stote Londs Commission ond Colifornio Geologic Energy Monogement Division, under the iurisdiction of the Colifornio Deportment of Conservotion (Col OES 20l8). Colifornio enocted the Oil Spill Prevention ond Response Act in 1990, which estoblished the Office of Oil Spill Prevention ond Response within the Deportment of Fish ond Gome, which is quthorized to direct spill response, cleonup, ond noturol resource domoge ossessment octivities, os well os regulote oll privote vessels over 300 gross tons (672,O00 pounds) thot enter Colifornio ports (Colifornio Coostol Commission 2019).

Locqtion ond Extent of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq This hozord con occur in ony port of Sonto Borbqro County where existing oil ond gos operotions ore locoted, eilher onshore through supply pipelines qnd well fqcilities or offshore where there ore severol plotforms ond underseo pipelines. Currently, there ore I9 offshore oil plotforms off the coost of Sonto Borboro County os well os two onshore refineries ond six oil seporotion ond treotment plonts (refer to Figure 5-32 of the MJHMP; County Deportment of Plonning ond Development 201Z). Since the 2015 spill described below, seven offshore oil plotforms hove been shut down (refer to Section 5.6.7, Oi/ Spi// of the MJHMp).

The Corpinterio Oil ond Gos Processing Focility (CPF) site, locoted ot 5675 Corpinterio Avenue, wos obtoined by Chevron (formerly Stondord Oil Compony) in 1959 ond wos originolly built to 100 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hszsrd,Assessmenf
receive oil ond gos from Plotforms Hildo,
Hozel, Hope, ond Heidi oll of which were
decommissioned in 1996. The CPF begon
receiving oil ond gos production from
Plotforms Goil ond Groce in 1988. ln
1998, Venoco, lnc. (Venoco) ocquired 100
percent ownership of Outer Continentol
Shelf Leoses P-O2O4, P-0205, P-0208, P0209, P-02'l 5, ond P-021 7 from Chevron, ond took over os operqtor of the existing
offshore ond onshore produclion. Chevron
reocquired ownership of the CPF in on
ogreement between Chevron ond Venoco
in 20'f 7.The plont focilities include o lorge
bulk crude oil storoge tonk, pipeline
shipping pumps qnd metering skids, o gos
compression plont, q noturql gos liquids
recovery plont, f ield offices, tonks,
mointenonce shops, ond other equipment
ond focilities (City of Corpinterio 20221.

Historicolly, processing levels ot the
Chevron focility hove been os high os
20,000 borrels per doy of crude oil qnd 20 million stondord cubic feet per doy of noturol gos.

Although Plofform Groce ceosed production in 1998, the Plqnt ond Tonk 861 continued to receive oil ond gos production from Plotform Goil until opproximotely 20'17 (Chevron West Coost Decommissioning Prog rom 2021 ).

Offshore pipelines thot moke londfoll in the City include the Plotform Goil to Plotform Groce to the CPF oil (1 2- ond 1 O-inch) ond gos (1 O-inch) lines ond the Plqtform Hobitot to the Pitos Point Noturol Gos Odoronl qnd Metering Focility gos (12-inch) line. Onshore pipelines in the City include o common corrier crude (1O-inch) pipeline from Corpinterio to the Rincon Common Corrier Crude pipeline system (1O-inch moinline) (City of Corpinterio 2022).

Chevron is currently plonning to decommission ond remediote the CPF site ond ossocioted pipelines ond filed o Coostol Development Permit wilh the City of Corpinterio in the Foll of 2021 in support of this octivity. Decommission qnd remediqtion of the CPF site would include demolition of surfoce qnd subsurfoce focilities ond remediotion of ony subsurfoce impocted soil ond groundwoter ot the CPF. The decommission ond remediotion proiect olso includes the removol of neqrshore/offshore pipelines out to three miles (Stote Woters limit; Chevron West Coost Decommissioning Progrom 2021l,.

History of Hozord in the Cily of Cqrpinteriq
Sonto Borboro County hos experienced severql lorge oil spills (refer to Section 5.6.7 of the MJHMP). Two significont oil spills hove offected the City:

I
Incident Profile: 1969 Sqnlo Borbqro Oil Spill
ln 1969, o blowout of o Union Oil drilling rig
plotform off the coost of Sqnto Borboro resulted
in o spill of 4,2 million gollons of crude oil into the oceqn ond onto neorby shores. This disoster is
considered to hove been o cotolyst for the
modern environmentol movement.

Photo: vcstor.com
City of Corpinterio Locql Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Bqrboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon r0r
o
Hozord Profiles
19692 The Sonto Borboro oil spill occurred in Jonuory ond Februo ry 1969 in the Sonto Borboro Chonnel, neor the city of Sonto Borboro in Southern Cqlifornio. On Jonuory 28,1969, pressure built up in o 3,500-foot-deep well on Plolform A of o Union Oil drilling rig plotform off the coost of Sonto Borboro os o pipe wos being extrocted. A burst of noturol gos blew out the drilling mud thot wos being pumped into lhe well, split the steel cosing, ond coused crocks to form in the seofloor surrounding the well. The lorge volume of oil ond gos being releosed coused o "blowout" of the well, releosing opproximotely three million gollons of oil over I 1 doys.

Workers pumped chemicol mud down the 3,500-foot shoft ot o rote of 'lr5O0 borrels qn hour.

It wos then topped by o cement plug. Although copped, gos continued to escope ond onother leok sprung up weeks loter, releosing oil for severol more months. Union Oil drilled o relief well ond pumped cement into o leoking wellbore, thereby killing it. However, smoll omounts of oil continue to leok from froctures in the seofloor to this doy. An estimoted totol of l OO,OOO borrels (4.2 million gollons) of crude oil wos spilled into the oceon ond onto neorby shores over severol months, impocting over 40 miles of coostline Plotform A of the Union Oil drilling rig is still in operotion (Col OES 2018; Colifornio CoostolCommission 2O19i Sonto Borboro Chonnelkeeper 2021l,.

The couse of the blowout ond spill wos ottributed to the inodequote protective cosing ollowed by the U.S. Geologicol Survey woiver. lnvestigotors postuloted thqt more steel pipe sheothing inside the drilling hole would hove prevented the ruprure (Col oES 20l B).

It wos the lorgest oil spill in U.S. wqlers by thot time ond now ronks third ofter the 20.|0 Deepwoter Horizon ond 1989 Exxon Voldez spills. The incident received internotionol ofiention ond wos o moior cololyst in the development of modern environmentol low in the United Stotes.

The spill influenced the possoge of moior stote ond federol legislotion, such os the Notionol Environmentol Policy Act, Cleon Woter Act, Colifornio Environmentol Quolity Act (CEQA), Colifornio Coostol lnitiotive in 1972 (Proposition 2O), ond Colifornio Coostql Act of 1976.

According to these ond other stotutes, development permits for onshore or offshore oil ond gos focilities connot be issued without provisions to protect terrestriol, morine, visuol, recreotionol, ond qir resources (Col OES 2018). This disqster is considered to hove been o cotolyst for the modern environmentol movement (Colifornio Coostol Commission 2O19i Sonto Borboro Chonnelkeeper 2021).
2Ol5: Another trogic oil spill blockened the shores of Sonto Bqrbqro County ot Refugio on Moy 19, 2015, when o 24-inch subterroneon pipeline (Line 90l ) owned ond operoted by ploins All Americo Pipeline ruptured on the Govioto Coost, west of Refugio Stote Pork. Much of the crude oil spilled rqn down o storm droin ond into o rovine under the freewoy ond entered the oceon.

The size of the spill ronged f rom 100,000 to l40,O0O gollons, covering the Sonto Borboro Counly coostline ond extending neorly 9 miles out into the oceon. Vorious ogencies, including locol, county, stote, ond federol portners, were involved in response ond recovery efforts, with the porticipqtion of opproximotely 1,300 field personnel ond 325 incident commond post personnel. Notificqtions from the county to stote ond federol porlners were oligned with the Sonto Borboro Operotionol Areq Oil Spill Contingency Plon ond Los Angeles-Long Beoch Areo a
102 Febrvory 2Q23
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
Contingency Plon. The incident commond post remoined operofionol for ihe first 13 doys of the incident.

Three bills were signed into low in response to the spill. Under o new low, the Colifornio Fire Morshol will be required to review lhe oil pipelines conditions every yeor, while federol regulotions only mondote o review every five yeors. Another new low provides for moking oil spill response times foster ond more effective. The third will force introstote pipelines to use the best-known technology such os outomotic shut-off volves (Col OES 2018).

Probobility of Occurrence
Occqsionql - ln ony given yeor, the county ond City of Corpinterio could be subiect to oil spills onshore or offshore. Given thot 2 spills offecting fte City occurred between I 969 ond 202Q, there is on opproximotely 4 percent probobility of qn oil spill occurring in the City.

Climqle Chqnge Considerqtions
With increqsed chonges in weother, climote, ond economics, the demonds for oil ond gos production moy shift. This shift in demqnd could increose production, distribution, ond tronsportotion of oil products; thus, increosing the potentiol for oil spill occurrences.

5.3.15 Train Accident
Descriplion of Hazqrd
Tlqin qccidenls ore defined os ony occidents involving public or privote troins corrying possengers or cqrgo olong the roil corridor. Troin occidents, like other tronsportotion occidents, ore less likely to leod to o stote or federol disoster declorqtion thon other hozords described in this LHMP. Troin qccidents ore generolly locolized, ond the incidents result in limited impocts ot the community level.

However, if there ore toxic, volotile, or flommoble substonces on the troin ond the troin is in o highly populoted or densely forested oreo, deoth, iniuries, ond domoge to homes, infrostructure, ond the environment, including forest fires, con occur (see Section 5.3.17, Hozordous Moferiols Releose for o full discussion of hozqrds reloted to releose of hozordous moteriols qnd substonces). locqtion qnd Extent of Hqzqrd in the Cily of Cqrpinteriq The UPRR corries both freight ond possengers through the coqstol oreos. The county is served by two Amtrok troin routes for possenger-only services olong the UPRR: lhe Pocific Surfliner ond Coqst Storlight (Sonto Borboro 20211. The Pocific Surfliner runs odiocent to Highwoy 101 ond the coostline with stops in Son Diego, Oronge, Los Angeles, ond Venturo counties (Sonto Borboro 2021lr. The Coost Storlight connections Seottle ond Los Angeles troveling south f rom Seottle with stops in Portlond, the Son Froncisco Boy Areo, Sqcromento, Poso Robles, Son Luis Obispo, ond Sonto Borboro.

Within the City of Corpinterio, the UPRR runs northwest-southeost olong the Pocific coostline, south of the Downtown District, ond curving north oround the El Estero solt morsh. The Corpinterio Stotion troin stotion is locoted in the Downtown District ot 475 Linden Avenue. ln oddition to possenger-only roil services, the Corpinterio troin stotion receives troin movements from the shipment of commodities, such os hozordous moteriols, fuel (including oil), ogriculture, City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozqrd Mitigotion Plon r03
1 l
Hozord Profiles
meots, ond non-consumobles. Troin occidents ore generolly locolized ond the incidents result in limited impocts ot the communily level. However, if there ore volotile or flommoble substonces on the troin ond the lroin is in o highly populoted, deoth, iniuries, ond domoge to homes, infrostructure, qnd the environment, including forest fires, con occur. Additionolly, o hozordous moteriqls incideni on the roils or roodwoy hos the potentiol to shut down both rqil ond highwoy tronsportotion roules, such os Highwoy l0'1, where the two ore within proximity to one qnother.

History of Hqzord in the City of Carpinteria
No moior troin occidents hove occurred in the City of Corpinterio or Sonto Borboro County.

However, in the lost thirty yeors, numerous troin occidents hove occurred throughout the southern Cqlifornio region. For exomple, in I99l the Seocliff lncident occurred in Venturo County when o troin releosed 44O gollons of oqueous hydrozine (used to moke ogriculturol, metol, ond plostics processing chemicols) ond nophtholene (industriol solvent) (Los Angeles Times l ggl ). The occident required lhe evocuqtion of the neorby Seocliff Community olong with the shutting down of Highwoy l0l ond took 5 doys to cleonup.

Probobility of Occurrence
Occosionql - Given thot no known troin occidents hove occurred in the City or county, the probobility of occurrence is low. While neither of the troin occidents described obove occurred within the county, due to the scqle ond scope of troin tronsportotion for people ond commodities, such events hove the potentiol to occur.

Climqte Chqnge Consideration
There is no known linkoge between climote chonge ond troin cccidents; however, becouse of rqilrood trock proximity to lhe Pocific Oceon within the county, seq level rise could impoct service.

Current estimotes proiect the ronge of seo level in the county will be between 27.2 ond 30 inches by 2Q6O (refer to Section 5.3.4, Coosfo/ Hozords). The roilrood olignment olong the Corpinterio Bluffs is highly vulneroble to coostol erosion; with opproximctely 5 feet of seq level rise, up to 1.4 miles of the UPRR could be domoged. Coostol flooding could olso impoct the roilrood in other ports of the City north of the Solt Morsh ond in the Downtown core. Disruption of the roilrood could hove substontiol economic impocts on the region (City of Corpinterio 2olgl.

5.3.16 Lqndslide
Descriplion of Hqzqrd
Lqndslide movements ore interpreted from lhe geomorphic expression of the londslide deposit ond source oreo, ond ore cotegorized os folls, topples, spreods, slides, or flows. Folls ore mosses of soil or rock thot dislodge from steep slopes ond free-foll, bounce, or roll downslope. Topples move by the forword pivoting of o mqss oround on oxis below the disploced moss. Loterol spreods, commonly induced by liquefoction of mqteriol in on eorthquoke, move by horizontol extension ond sheor or tensile froctures. Slides disploce mosses of moteriol olong one or more discrete plones. ln rototionol sliding, the slide plone is curved ond the moss rototes bqckword oround on oxis porollel to the slope; in tronslotionol sliding the foilure surfoce is more or less plonor ond the moss moves porollel io the ground surfoce. Flows mobilize qs o deforming, viscous moss without o discrete foilure 104 Februory 2023
Chopler 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
plone (Colifornio Geologicol Survey 2019o). Debris flows ore described in Section 5.3.2, Mudflow & Debris Flow.

For londslides to occur, the correcf geologicolconditions, which include unstoble or weok soil or rock, ond topogrophicol conditions, such os steep slopes, ore necessory. Heovy roin often triggers these hozords, os the woter odds extro weight thot the soil connot beor. Over irrigoting hos the some effect. Eorthquokes con olso offect soil stobility, cousing enough weokening to fovor grovitotionol forces.

Locqlion qnd Extent of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinterio Londslides ond londslide-prone sedimentory formotions ore present throughout the coostol ploin of v/estern Sqnto Borboro County. Generolly, oreos with soft soils ore more prone to movement. Figure 5-'18 of the MJHMP shows the locotion of soil types throughout fte counly. Mony of these londslides ore thought to hove occurred under much wetter climotic conditions thon ot present. Reoctivqlions of existing londslides con be triggered by disturbonces such os heovy roinfoll, seismic shoking, ondf or groding. Mony recent lqndslides ore lhought to be reoctivotions of oncient londslides.

Section 5.3.7 of the MJHMP lists the oreos in Sonto Borboro County where there ore geologic formotions thot cqn leod to foirly severe lqndslides os identified by the Sonto Borbqro County Comprehensive Plon Seismic Sofety ond Sofety Element (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2015). Some oreos of the City ore prone to more frequent roin-induced londslides, resulting in disruption to tronsportotion ond domoge to roodwoys. The most common oreos of recent historic lqndslides ore Gobernodor Conyon ond oll roods thot ore underloin by the Rincon Shole Formotion.

The City of Corpinterio's Generol Plon identifies oreos within the City thot hove o high londslide susceptibility. Areos of relotively high londslide ond rock foll poientiol ore primorily locoted in the northern portion of the plonning oreo, outside oreos of current or plonned urbon development. ln generol, the qreos most susceptible to mudflows ond debris flows correspond to the oreos with o high potentiol for eorthquoke-induced londslides (refer to Section 5.3.2, Mudflow & Debris Flow; City of Corpinterio 2003).

History of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinterio
As previously mentioned, the northern portion of the City is prone to londslides; however, mony previous londslide occurrences were smoller ond ore not well documented. Additionqlly, significont historic mudflows ond debris flows ore described in Section 5.3.2 obove. Three of the more significont recent londslides in the vicinity of the City ore discussed below:
o 1995 - ln the spring of 1995, Lo Conchito, locoted ot the western border of Venturo County ond odiocent to Sonto Borbqro County, experienced q londslide thqt destroyed severol houses in its poth.
. 2OO5 - ln Jonuory 2OO5, o powerful Pocific storm brought heovy roin, snow, flosh flooding, high winds, ond londslides to Centrol ond Southern Colifornio. With such copious roinfoll, flosh flooding wos o serious problem ocross Sonto Borboro, Venturo, qnd Los Angeles counties. ln Sonto Borboro County, flosh flooding ond mudslides closed Gibroltqr Rood qt Mt. Colvory Rood, stronding severol vehicles, while mudslides inundoted 3 homes in Loke Cositos. Across City of Corpinterio Locql Hqzord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 105
Hozord Profiles
Venturo Counly, flosh flooding ond mudslides closed down Creek Rood qt Hermoso Rood. ln oddition, the Venturo Beoch RV Resort wos flooded ond Highwoys 1 ond .126 were closed due
to flooding. ln Lo Conchito, o devostoting mudslide killed I O people, destroyed l5 homes, ond domoged l2 other homes (NOAA 2005).

Probqbility of Occurrence
Occqsional- Figure 5-.l2 shows the locotions of deep-seoted londslide susceptibility in the City os mopped by the Colifornio Geologicol Survey. This mop shows the relotive likelihood of deep londslide bosed on the three site foctors thot most determine susceptibiliry: prior foiture (from o londslide inventory), regionol estimotes of rock or soil strength, ond steepness of slopes. On the most bosic level, weok rocks ond steep slopes ore more likely to generote londslides. The mop uses detoiled informotion on the locotion of post londslides, the locqtion ond relotive strength of rock unils, ond the steepness of the slope in o methodology developed by Wilson ond Keefer (1985).

The result shows the distribution of one very importont component of londslide hozord. lt is intended to provide infrostructure owners, emergency plonners, qnd the public with o generol overview of where londslides ore more likely. The mop does not include informotion on londslide triggering events, such qs rqinstorms or eorthquoke shoking, nor does it oddress susceptibility to shollow londslides such os debris flows. Therefore, this mop is not oppropriote for the evoluotion of londslide potentiol ot ony specific site (Colifornio Geologicol Survey 2O19o). The oreos shqded in dorker red in Figure 5-12 ore considered to hove o higher probobility of londslide occurrence thon the low londslide risk oreos in the City.

Climqle Change Considerqtion
A 2021 study by the USGS finds thqt Southern Colifornio is likely to see increqsed post-wildfire londslides coused by climote chonge-induced shifts in the stote's wet ond dry seosons. Wildfires moke fte londscope more susceptible to londslides when roinstorms poss lhrough qs the woter liquefies unstoble, dry soil ond burned vegetotion. Wildfire frequency, higher temperqtures, ond increosed droughts proiected to occur under climote chonge cqn reduce soil obsorption copocity ond kill vegetotion thot holds soil in ploce, moking it unqble to obsorb os much woter, further destobilizing slopes. Slope foilure is expected to become more frequent os more precipitotion fqlls during fewer storm events (refer olso to Section 5.3.'1, Flood). Also, the increosed heovy precipitotion events moy couse instobility in oreos where londslides were not os likely before.

Therefore, resulting londslides moy be lorger or more widespreod.

Moior londslides copoble of domoging 40 or more structures con be expected every l0 to l3 yeqrs - obout os frequently os mognitude 6.7 eorlhquokes occur in Colifornio. Combined with recent reseorch showing Colifornio's wildfire seqson is gelting longer ond the roiny seoson is getting shorter ond more intense, the new findings suggest Colifornions foce o higher risk of wildfires ond post-wildfire londslides thot con domoge property ond endonger people's lives (USGS 2021). 106 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5,0. Hozord Assessmenl
Figure 5-12. City of Corpinterio Deep-Seoted Lqndslide Susceplibility !
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City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 107
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon l
Hozord Profiles

5.3.1 7 Hozardous Moteriqls Releqse
Description of Hqzqrd
Hqzqrdous wosle/mcteriols ore defined under the U.S. Congress' originol stotutory definition under the Resource Conservqtion ond Recovery Act (RCRA) os substonces with physicol or chemicol properties of flommobility, corrosivity, reoctivity, or toxicily, which becouse of quontity, concentrotion, or physicol, chemicol, or infection chorocteristics moy couse or significontly contribute to increosed mortolity or serious illness (RCRA Section l004(5)). Hozordous woste/ moteriols ore widely used or creoted ot focilities, such os hospitols, wostewoter treotments plonts, universities, qnd industriol/monufocturing worehouses.

Both mobile ond externol hozordous moteriols releoses con spreod ond offect o wide oreo, through the releose of plumes of chemicol, biologicol, or rodiologicol elements or leoks or spills. Conversely, internql releoses ore more likely to be confined to the structure the moteriol is stored in. lt is qlso common to see hozordous moteriols releoses qs escoloting incidents resulting from other hozords, such os floods, wildfires, ond eorthquqkes. The releose of hozordous moteriols ond woste con greotly complicote or even escolole the response to o nolurol hozords disoster thot coused the spill.

Hozqrdous moteriols ond woste moy pose o substontiol present or potentiol hozord to humon heolth andf or the environment when improperly treoted, tronsported, stored, disposed of, or otherwise monoged. Chemicols moy olso be corrosive or otherwise domoging over time. A hozordous moteriols releose could olso result in fire or explosion. Contominotion moy be corried out of lhe immediote oreo of the incident by people, vehicles, wind, ond woter. Weolher conditions cqn increose the size ond intensity of the Hozordous Moteriols Releose. Typogrophy, such os hills ond conyons, con increose the size of the releose or moke it more difficult to contoin.

The EPA hos developed o regulotory definition ond process thot identifies specific substonces known to be hozordous ond provides criterio for the regulotion of hozordous woste. Severol household products, such os cleoning supplies ond point ore olso considered hozordous moteriols. The County regulotes opproximotely 350 substonces subiect to the Colifornio Code of Regulotions, Title 19.

The U.S. Deportment of Tronsportotion (DOT), EPA, ond OSHA oll hove responsibilities reloting to the tronsportotion, storoge, ond use of hozordous moteriols ond woste. The Notionol Response Center is the designoted federol point of contoct for reporting oll oil, chemicol, rodiologicol, biologicol, ond etiologicol dischorges into the environment, onywhere in the U.S. ond its territories.

The Notionol Response Center is o primory source of informotion on the use ond storoge of hozordous moteriols, os well os dotq regording spills ond releoses.

The Colifornio Environmentol Protection Agency ond the Deportment of Toxic Substonces Control (DTSC) ore outhorized by the EPA to enforce ond implement federol hozordous moteriols lows ond regulotions within the stqte. EnviroStor is DTSC's online doto monogement system for trocking lheir cleonup, permitting, enforcement, ond investigotion efforts ot hozordous woste focilities ond sites with known or suspected contominotion issues. Additionolly, the Stqte Wqter Resources Control Boord GeoTrocker informotion system provides online occess to environmentol doto from woter quolity regulotory progroms, including oil qnd gos monitoring-reloted octivities. EnviroStor ond GeoTrocker sites within the City ore shown in Figure S-13. r08 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
Figure 5-13. Hqzqrdous Sites (Enviroslor/Geotrocker) within the City of Corpinlerio o
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City of Corpinterio Locol Hqzord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon r09
Hozord Profiles
At lhe locol level, the County's Environmentol Heolth Services Deportment is the opproved Certified Unified Progrom Agency (CUPA) responsible for the odministrotion of permitting, inspections, ond enforcement for hqzordous woste ond hozordous moteriols progroms. The CUPA odministers the Hozordous Moteriol Business Plon, Colifornio Accidentol Releose Prevention progrom, ond the Aboveground Storoge Act, os well qs permitting ond inspection octivities for hqzordous woste generotors, onsite hozordous woste treotment focilities, ond underground storoge tonks. The Seismic Sofety ond Sofety Element of the Sonto Borboro County Comprehensive Plon includes gools, policies, ond implementotion meosures for hozordous mqteriors.

Locqtion qnd Extent of Hqzqrd in the Cily of Cqrpinteriq The locotions ond identity of focilities thot store hozordous moteriols ore reported to locol qnd federol governments. Mony focilities hove their own hozordous mqteriols guides ond response plons, including tronsportotion componies lhot tronsport hozordous moteriols. Some of the most notoble hozordous moteriol sites thot moy offect the City include oil processing focilities olong the South Coost. While these oil ond gos focilities hove been closed, they hove not yet been decommissioned ond remedioted. Figure 5-13 shows the locotion of hozordous moteriol sites in the City (i.e., former €qmorillo Auto Repoir ond former CpF).

Hqzordous moteriqls moy be found in the mqteriols of older buildings, such os osbestos or leodbosed poinls or moy hove been used routinely for lhe operotion of certoin lond uses, such os outomotive repoir shops, commerciol ogriculturol fields, medicql offices, dry cleoners, ond photo processing centers. Potentiolly hozordous moteriols ore commonly found in urbon ond ogriculturol oreos, ond generolly include cleoning ond metql solvents, pesticides/herbicides, points, ond oils ond lubricqnts. Lond uses thot ore porticulorly sensitive to the releqse of hozords or hozordous moteriols include residentiol, educotionol, ossisted living, ond doycore, which ore locoted lhroughout the City.

Two lorge industriol focilities ond two CVWD woter treotment plonts ore locoted in the City. These include the former CPF site, the Corpinterio Sonitory District Wostewoter Treotment Plont, ond the woter treotment sites locoted ot 48lO Foothill Rood ond El Corro Lone ond Nomouno Street. The former CPF consists of noturol gos dehydrqtion ond metering stotions. These focilities moy store ondf or use flommqble hozordous moteriols/woste, highly toxic qnd corrosive moteriols/woste, os well os ocutely hozqrdous moteriols/woste.

Agriculturol production octivities, including both conventionol ond orgonic ogricuhure, occur in o limited copocity within the City ond more widely in unincorporoted oreos surrounding the City.

Agriculturol octivities involve lhe use of reguloted hozordous moteriols, porticulorly commerciol pesticides. Pesticide use is reguloied by fie County Agriculturol Commissioner's Office, with permits required for pesticide opplicotion. Such pesticide use is corefully reguloted under stote low ond consistent wilh guidelines issued by the Colifornio Deportment of Pesticide Regulotion. Such regulotions generolly govern the type of pesticide opplied, qs well os the locotion, timing, ond rules of opplicotions. Speciol considerotion is given to opplicotions neor schools.

Pesticides including rodenticides, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, ond other pest-controlling substonces ore opplied in londscoped oreos, nurseries, ond ogriculturol londs in the City.

Consequently, pesticides, fertilizers, ond ossocioted contominonts moy be present in neor-surfoce soils in residuol concentrotions ot these locotions. Mony irrigoted londs ore currently required to 't l0 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
operqte under the lrrigoted Londs Regulotory Progrom to regulote runoff of pesticides, ferfilizers, ond sediments from irrigoted londs through Woste Dischorge Requirements issued by the Stote Woter Resources Control Boqrd.

Crude oil octivities hove historicolly occurred onshore ond continue to exist offshore in the Corpinterio oreo. These focilities hove the potentiol to result in the releose of hozordous moteriols in the City, os further described in Section 5.3.14, Oil Spill.

Hozordous moteriols releose is most likely to occur ot focilities hondling ocutely hozordous moteriols or during tronsport of hozordous moteriols. Highwoy l0l is the moior vehiculqr trqnsportotion corridor through the City in which hozordous moteriols releose is likely to occur. The UPRR moy olso result in hozordous moteriols due to freighter roil cors thot ore known to corry hqzordous mqteriqls ihrough the City. Specificolly, iet fuel is tronsported from Los Angeles northword through the City to Vondenberg Spoce Force Bose (SFB) vio UPRR. The City olso contoins other hozordous moteriols sites, including four sites designoted by the EPA os "smoll quontity generotors" of hozordous woste such os dry cleoners ond gos stotions.

History of Hczqrd in lhe City of Cqrpinlerio
Severol significont hozordous moteriol incidents hove occurred in the County in the post century, ond include the oil spills which occurred in 1969, 1997,2OO7,2008, 2015, ond 2O2O (see Section

5.6.7, Oil Spill of the MJHMP for o detoiled discussion of these incidents qnd risks ossocioted with oil spill-reloted hozords). Eight hozordous moteriqls incidents in the City were reported to the Col OES Worning Center from 2006 through 2021 lCol OES 2021). These incidents include both tronsportotion ond fixed-focility incidents. This list does not copture oll hozordous moteriol spills within the City, only those thot were significont enough to be reported to Col OES (refer to Toble 5-18 of the MJHMP for q summory of hozordous moteriols incidents reported to Col OES in Sonto Borboro County by locotion ond type). The doto indicotes thot hozordous moferiols incidents con occur qcross the county with o greoter frequency in the more developed oreos.

Probqbility of Occurrence
Occqsionql - The City experiences hozordous moteriols incidents every yeor; however, the vost moiority of the incidents ore minor ond hove highly locolized impocts. lncidences con occur during the production, storoge, tronsportotion, use, or disposol of hozordous moteriols. Communities con be ot risk if q chemicql is used unsofely or releosed in hormful omounts into the environment.

Hozordous moteriols con couse deoth, serious iniury, long-losting heolth effects, ond domoge to buildings, the environment, homes, ond other property. However os described obove, o ronge of federol ond stote regulotions exist to limit the risk of upset during the use, trqnsport, hondling, storoge, ond disposol of hozqrdous woste ond moteriols including the EPA, DTSC, OSHA, ond DOT.

The Stote Wqter Resources Control Boord is responsible for prevention ond enforcement in Colifornio for hozqrdous moteriols ossocioted with woter quolity. Additionolly, OSHA regulotes hozordous moteriols ond potentiol exposure to workers to prevent impocts on humon heolth, ond DOT is responsible for the regulotion of the tronsport of hozordous mqteriols qnd woste to ovoid occidentol spills ond exposure to the public lhrough tronsport.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon ill
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Hozord Profiles
Climote Chqnge Consideration
There ore no known effects of climote chonge on humon-coused hozords including hozordous moteriol ond wqste incidents.

5.3.1 8 Geologic Hqzqrds
Description of Hqzqrd
land subsidence is defined by the USGS os the lowering of the lond-surfoce elevotion from chonges thot toke ploce underground. Common couses of lond subsidence from humon octivity ore pumping woter, oil, ond gos from underground reservoirs; droinoge of orgonic soils; ond initiol wetting of dry soils {i.e., hydrocompoction). Overdroft of oquifers is the moior couse of subsidence in the southwestern U.S., ond os groundwoter pumping increoses (such os during periods of drought), lond subsidence olso will increose. ln mony oquifers, groundwoter is pumped from pore spoces between groins of sond ond grovel. lf on oquifer hos beds of cloy or silt within or next to it, the lowered woter pressure in the sond ond grovel couses slow droinoge of woter from the cloy ond silt beds. The reduced woter pressure is o loss of support for the cloy ond silt beds. Becouse these beds ore compressible, they compoct (become thinner), ond the effects ore seen os o lowering of the lond surfoce. Weight, including surfoce developments such os roods, reservoirs, ond buildings, ond mqnmode vibrotions from such octivities os blosting ond heovy truck or troin troffic con occelerote lhe noturol processes of subsidence, or induce subsidence over humon-mode voids (USGS 2O16).

Lond subsidence couses serious, locolized problems including:
o chonges in elevotion ond slope of streoms, conols, ond droins; o domoge to bridges, roods, roilroods, underground utilities (e.g., storm droins, sonitory sewers, pipelines, etc.), streoms, conols, ond levees;
o domoge to privote ond public buildings; ond
o foilure of well cosings from forces generoted by compoction of fine-groined moteriols in oquifer systems.
ln some coostol oreos, subsidence hos resulted in tides moving into low-lying oreos thot were previously obove high-tide levels, increosing the effects of coostol hozords, such os coostol storm surge {USGS 2016).

Erosion is o geologicol process in which eorthen moteriols (i.e., soil, rocks, sediments) ore worn owoy ond tronsported over time by noturol forces (e.g., woter, wind, ice), olthough sometimes this is sped up by poor monogement or other humon impocts on lond (e.g., forming, lond cleoring).

Coostol erosion, which is coused by the oceon, is discussed under Section 5.3.4, Coostol Hozords.

Soil erosion occurs primorily when the dirt is left exposed to strong winds, hord roins, flowing woter, ond ice. ln some coses, humon octivilies leove soil vulnerqble to erosion. For exomple, when fqrmers till (plow) the soil before or ofter growing o seoson of crops, they moy leove it exposed to the elements for weeks or months. The overgrozing of form qnimols like cottle ond sheep con olso leove lorge oreos of lqnd devoid of ground-covering plonts thot would otherwise hold the soil in ploce (Noturol Resources Defense Council 2021).
112 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
Soil erosion reduces the quontity ond the quolity of soil ecosystems ond oroble lond (i.e., lond thot con be used to grow crops). Severe soil erosion con result in the loss of food crops, negotively impoct community resiliency ond livelihoods, ond even qlter ecosystems by reducing biodiversity obove, within, ond below the topsoil. Approximotely 60 percent of soil thot is woshed owoy ends up in rivers, streoms, ond lokes, olong with whotever hos been opplied to thot soil, including ogrochemicols ond other pollutonts thot con contribute to hormful olgol blooms ond polluted woterwoys. Dirt ihot enters woter bodies con olso clog their noturol flow ond increose flooding olong the woterwoys (Noturol Resources Defense Council 2021).

Exponsive soils ore soils thot con undergo o significont increose in volume with on increose in woter content ond o significont decreose in volume with o decreose in wqter content. Chonges in the woter content of on exponsive soil con result in severe distress to struciures constructed upon the soil.

Exponsive soils tend to swell with seosonol increoses in soil moislure in the winter months ond shrink os soils become drier in the summer months. Repeoted shrinking qnd swelling of the soil con leod to stress ond domoge of structures, foundotions, fill slopes, retoining wolls, ond other ossocioted focilities.

Locqlion ond Exlent of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq Subsidence
Lond subsidence is common in severol oreos of Colifornio, usuolly os q result of groundwoter pumping, peot loss, or oil ond gos extroction. DWR's Droft Coliforniq Groundwqter Updote 2020 is the stote's most up-to-dote compendium of stotewide doto ond informotion on the occurrence, noture, use, ond conditions of Colifornio's groundwoter resources ond their mqnogement. DWR provides on interoctive m<lp with informotion obout lond subsidence in Colifornio (2009-2018) thot is presented in Colifornio's Groundwoter Updote 2O2O. The point doto in the mop disploys lond elevotion chonges over vorying periods os recorded by o collection of continuous globol posiiioning system stotions qnd is presented for groundwoter bosins within Sonto Borbqrq County in Toble 5- 13 of the MJHMP. As shown therein, no verticol displocement (subsidence) hos been meosured for the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin, which underlies the City of Corpinterio.

As described in the City's Generol Plqn Sofety Element, no recognized subsidence hos occurred in the City or immediote vicinity due to eilher groundwoter or oil extroction. Accordingly, the potenliol for subsidence is considered to be minimol. However, lhe Generol Plon identifies the potentiol for soil seltlement within the eostern portion of the City ond to the north of the City boundories (City of Corpinterio 2003).

Erosion
Erosion con vory greotly in short distonces, ond thus, erosion hos not been mopped or roted ot the county level (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2015). However, there ore o few oreos thqt ore porticulorly susceptible to erosion given their bosic gronulor chorocteristics. The Sqnto Borboro formotion ond old dunes ore subiect to erosion. The Sonto Borboro formotion occurs in potches on the coostol hills ond the lower foothills from Corpinterio to Goletq. Becouse it is so soft ond weokly cemented, the Sonto Borboro Formotion is ropidly gullied qnd woshed owoy when vegetotion is removed moking it hozordous, especiolly on steep slopes.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon r13
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Hozord Profiles
When short gross ond other qnnuols ore not present, the soft ond uncemented sond is subiect to wind erosion ond gullying (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 20l5).

The Sonto Borboro County coqstline is moinly subiect to mqrine erosion. The western coostline is comprised of dunes ond seo cliffs. The moiority of exposed rocks in the seo cliffs ore reodily eroded by morine ond non-morine processes (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deporlment 2015). The exposed seocliffs in the City of Corpinterio ore composed of the Monterey (Modelo) Formotion, which is o thinly bedded, hord, siliceous shole. The Monterey Formotion reodily yields to erosion, slumping, londslides, ond other erosionql processes (refer to Section S.3.4,Coosfol Hozords; City of Corpinterio 2003).

Exponsive Soils
Exponsive soils con couse problems becouse they contoin cloy minerols thqt swell when the moisture content increoses ond shrink when the moisture decreoses. Such soils ore usuolly described os "odober" ond form ground crqcks when they ore ollowed to dry out. The volume chonges resulting from vorioble moisture conditions con couse movement ond crocking of structures built on exponsive soils. Soils beneoth concrete floor slobs tend to increose in moisture content, thus cousing heove.

Soils under roised floors tend to dry out ond shrink, cousing seltlement of the structure. The most hozordous oreos occur in o belt olong the south coostol foothills, where geologicol formqtions ore either highly exponsive themselves or generote highly exponsive topsoil (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 20l S).

The City's Generol Plon stotes lhot exponsive soils with shrink-swell potentiol ore present in the City ond primorily overlop with outcrops of cloystone, siltstone, ond shole ond oreos thot ore susceptible to soil compoction. The oreos of potentiolly highly exponsive soil ore limited to the western portion of the City ond the El Estero solt morsh to the sourh (City of Corpinterio 2003).

History of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinleria
Lond subsidence, erosion, ond exponsive soils hove been identified os issues in the City os described obove. There is no history of ocute, specific events ossocioted with these hozords in the City.

Probqbility of Occurrence
Occasionql - The frequency of future lond subsidence incidents in the City will lorgely be dependent on the mitigotion octions ond pumping regulotions initioted by fie stote, the county, ond locol regulotions. As described in Section 5.3.7, Drought & Woler Shorfoge, groundwoter bosins thot ore designoted os o high or medium priority by the DWR must form o Groundwoter Sustoinobility Agency, which is responsible for the development, implementotion, ond oversight of o GSP. GSP obiectives require thot future groundwoter use does not couse undesiroble results, including lond subsidence (sonto Borboro county public Works 2o2o).

Climqle Chqnge Considerqtion
The most likely impoct thot climote chonge will hove on lond subsidence risk is the potentiol for extended ond severe drought, which could likely result in more groundwoter pumping qnd humoninduced subsidence. ln oreos where climote chonge results in less onnuol precipitotion ond reduced surfoce-woter supplies, communities will pump more groundwoter. During periods of drought, woter levels moy be drown loo low. Also, on increosing populotion in Colifornio will increose demonds on 114 Februory 2023
Chopler 5,0. Hozord Assessmenf
groundwoter supplies. The woter connot rechorge the loyers, cousing irreversible compoction of oquitords ond diminishment of groundwoter storoge copocity. ln the future, on increosing populotion moy result in subsidence problems in metropoliton oreos where subsidence could severely domoge infrostructure (USGS 2O16).

Climqte is olso o moior driver of erosion. Chonges in roinfoll ond woter levels con shift soil, extreme fluctuotions in temperoture con moke topsoil more vulneroble to erosion, ond prolonged droughts con prevent plonts from growing, leoving soil further exposed (Noturol Resources Defense Council 2021l,.

There is qlso evidence thot climote chonge moy offect the impocts of exponsive soils. Climote chonge effects on exponsive soil movements ore quontified using the Thornthwoite Moisture lndex.

The Thornthwoite Moisture lndex is colculoted from the moislure deficiency ond surplus, both reloted to roinfoll, ond the potentiol evopotronspirotion which is derived from temperoture. Estoblished relotionships between the Thornthwoile Moisture lndex qnd the depth ond mognitude of soil suction chonges for sites with ond without the presence of trees, ond the relotionships between soil movement qnd soil suction chonges, ore used to predict the increose in soil movement for q site. lt is shown thot q significont increose in predicted soil movement is expected with climote chonge (Mitchell 2O14l,.

5.3.t9 Windstorm
Description of Hqzqrd
Sonto Borboro County is known to experience o unique, domoging wind known os q sundownel, which is o kind of offshore wind thot occurs in the lote ofternoon or eorly evening olong the southern slopes of the Sonto Ynez mountoins from Govioto to Corpinterio. Sundowners occur when o northsouth orienled high-pressure grodient develops directly norlh of the oreo ond perpendiculqr to the Sontq Ynez Mountoins. They bring gusty, low humidity winds which cqn reoch up to 80 mph ond blow over the Sqnto Ynez Mountoin ronge ond descend towords the Pocific Oceon. Sundowner events ore most prevolent in the spring ond summer months but con strike ot ony time of the yeor.

Sundowners ore porticulorly dongerous during the wildfire seoson becouse the hot, dry oir con fuel roging wildfires on the south coost. As the winds come up ond over the mountoin, they worm ond dry the oir (which is typicolly cool ond moist olong the coost) ond goin speed coming down through the posses ond coostol conyons cousing o high wind speed. These winds often precede Sonto Ano winds which ore wqrm, dry, ond con exceed 40 mph (Live Science 2012). Sonto Ano winds ore most prevolent in the outumn ond winter months. These winds originote from cool, dry high-pressure oir mosses in the Greot Bqsin. They come up, over, ond ore pulled southword down lhe eostern side of the Sierro Nevodq Mountoins ond into the Southern Colifornio region (Notionol Weother Service 2021).
locqlion ond Extent of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq All of the City is susceptible to Sonto Ano winds. The City, like the rest of the south counly, is olso susceptible to sundowner winds due to the unique eqst-west orientotion of the Sonto Ynez Mountoins ond the Pocific Coost which generotes ihe required high-pressure grodient necessory for these winds to occur.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon I l5
Hozord Profiles
History of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq
Sundowner winds hove coused extreme heot bringing record-breoking temperotures to the oreq (such os the Simoon event in Goleto in '1859), os well os exocerboting fire weqther ond exponding olreody burning brush fires (such os the Pointed Cove Fire in '1990, Gop ond Teo Fire in 2008, Jesusitq Fire in 2OO9, ond Sherpo Fire in 2016). Sonto Ano winds were unusuolly strong ond persistent during the Thomos Fire in 2017, cousing o wind event on ond off for o little over two weeks. Beyond extreme heot ond dongerous fire weother conditions, winds con couse domoge to critico I inf rostructu re, crops f og ricultu re, ond persono I property.

Probqbilily of Occurrence
Occqsionsl - The City is ot risk of windstorms ot ony given time during the colendor yeqr.

Climqte Chqnge Considerqtions
Climote chonge effects, olthough still being studied, will offect sundowner ond Sqnto Ano windstorms in the future. Severe weother events, including strong winds ond sundowners, qre expected to become more frequent with climote chonge; however, recent sludies suggest thot climote chonge ond globol worming moy decreose the frequency of Sonto Ano wind events in the eorly ond lqte seoson - foll ond spring - but the peok seoson qnd intensity of these wind events likely to remoin unchonged (Guzmon-Moroles ond Gershunov 20l9). Another 20l9 study pointed to noturol climote cycles ond chonging temperolures for the wind chonges, suggesting thot wind speeds declined by on estimoted 8 percent between l98O ond 2010, but hove significontly increqsed in the post decode, ond ore likely to continue to increose in the future (Zeng et ol. 20l9).

Controdicling reseorch suggests thot in some oreqs wind speeds will increose while others decreose, possibly due to temperoture chonges coused by climote chonge.

5.3.20 Civil Disturbonce
Descriplion of Hozqrds
The term civil disorder is defined by 18 U.S. Code Section 232 os ony public disrurbonce involving octs of violence by ossembloges of three or more persons, thot cquses on immediote donger of or results in dorqoge or iniury to the property or person of ony other individuol. Civil disfurbonce con ronge from unlowful forms of protest ogoinst socio-politicol problems to riots.

Civil disorders occur in Colifornio sporodicolly ond lost from q few doys to months. Loss of life ond loss of property hove occurred in the lost 25 yeors. There ore vorious couses for civil disturbonce, oll humon-coused. All begin os locol events. (Col OES 20l8).

As described in the Stote Hozord Mitigotion Plon ond MJHMP, the moiority of significont civil disorder events in Cqlifornio storted in response to violence ogoinst people of color, os well os the ocquittol of police officers ond other persons on triol for committing violence ogoinst people of color. Refer to Section 5.5.4 oi the MJHMP for o description of historicol exomples. ln the summer of 2020, o string of peoceful protests os well os violent riots took ploce ocross the country in response lo grophic imoges of the killing of George Floyd under o police officer's knee.

The qnti-rocism ond onti-police brutolity protests resulted in hundreds of reports of police brutolity ond excessive force used during the protests.
r l6 Februory 2023
Chopter 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
More thon o dozen ofter-oction
evoluotions hove been completed, looking
ot how police deportments responded to
the demonstrotions thot broke out in
hundreds of cities between lote Moy ond
the end of August. Across U.S. cities, the
reports reveol the extensiveness of police
forces thot were poorly troined, heovily
militorized, ond stunningly unprepored for
the possibility thot lorge numbers of
people would surge into the streets in
response to the killing of George Floyd
(New York Times 2021). Deportments were
criticized for nol plonning for protests,
despite evidence lhot they would be lorge.

Almost uniformly, the reports soid
deportments need more trqining in how to
hondle lorge protests (New York Times
2021l'.

Demonstrotions were lorge, constont, ond
unpredictoble, often springing up
orgonicolly in severol neighborhoods ot once. While most protests were peoceful, in cities like New York, Philodelphio, Minneopolis, ond Portlond, buildings were looted ond fires were set, ond demonstrotors hurled firecrockers ond Molotov cocktoils ot low enforcement officers. At leost six people were killed; hundreds were iniured; thousonds were orrested (New York Times 2021).

News reports ond sociol medio repeotedly blomed police deportments for escoloting violence insteod of toming it. Responding officers often treoted oll protesters the some, insteod of differentioting beiween peoceful protesters qnd violent rioters or looters. ln port, reports ocknowledged, thot wos becouse of ihe choos. But it wos olso becouse the protests pitted demonstrotors ogoinst officers, who become defensive ond emotionol in the foce of criticism, some reports soid (New York Times 2021).
locqtion qnd Extenl of Hqzqrd in the City of Carpinleriq Civil disturbonce con occur in ony pqrt of the City; however, this hozord generolly occurs within more populoted oreos, such os the Downtown District.

History of Hqzqrd in lhe City of Cqrpinteriq
Sonto Borboro County's urbon communities hove on occosion experienced civil unrest, with the college town of lslo Visto perhops hoving the most notoble disturbqnces. ln 2Q2O, footoge of the murder of George Floyd incited civil disturbonces notionwide, including peoceful protests in the county. The peoceful protests, os well os sporodic post-demonstrotion vondolism (e.g., sproy-pointing buildings) ond dislurbonces thot occurred in the City of Sonto Borboro ond the City of Sonto Morio, ore described further in Section 5.5.4 of the MJHMP. ln the City of Corpinterio, students from Corpinterio High School orgonized o peoceful "Corp for Blqck lncident Profile: George Floyd Prolests
Notionwide protests surged following the murder
of George Floyd, on unormed block mon, by o
Minneopolis police officer. Among them, studenls
from Corpinterio High School orgonized o
peoceful "Corp for Block Lives Motter" protest on
June 6, 2020, on oll corners of Linden ond
Corpinterio Avenues.

Photo: Edhot
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Lives Motter" protest on June 6,2020. The event took ploce on oll corners of Linden ond Corpinterio Avenues. Protesters morched between Cositos Poss ond Elm with locol police qnd Sonto Borboro County Sheriff's Deputies ossisting with troffic control (Edhot 2O2Ol.

On October 18,2Q21, more thon three dozen Corpinterio porents stood outside of the CUSD odministrotive office for o few hours in protest over Governor Govin Newsom's COVID-19 voccine mondote for Colifornio schools. Under the current plon - unlike other voccine requirements - the mondote ollows for on exemption to the COVID-19 voccine requirement bosed on personol beliefs, such os religious or ideologicol reosons. According to the CUSD, opproximotely 90 percent of schoot district employees ore voccinoted. However, in the first six weeks of school, the School District reported seven COVID-19 coses omong its students ond three omong its voccinoted stoff (Edhot 2021l'.

Probobilily of Occurrence
Likely - There ore no studies thot predict fie probobility of civil disturbonce occurrences. However, moior notionol events such os the Vietnom Wqr ond onti-rocism protests ore ossocioted with spillover disturbqnces into urbon oreos. As o result, locql low enforcement odopts robust responses to such lorge community events with hundreds of low enforcement personnel typicolly deployed to mointoin order.

Climole Chonge Considerqtion
Climote chonge results in stresses ond long-term reduction in o ronge of noturol resources, such os potoble woter, food, ond oroble lond. United Notions hos declored stresses on noturol resources increose the likelihood of conflict (Unhed Notions Educotion, Scientific, ond Culturol Orgonizotion 2021l,. Potentiol for climote chonge-induced migrotion is now recognized internotionolly os people flee their home countries due to drought, floods, ond other foctors wift the U.S. southern border being impocted more frequently by new climqte refuges from CentrolAmerico. While such migronts ore typicolly nonviolent ond seeking relief from the dire circumstonces in their homelond ond improved lives for their fomilies, the movements of lorge numbers of often desperote people con creote the potentiol for civil unrest. The County continues to evoluote ond model future climqte risk ond vulnerobility of the environment ond community to reduce the likelihood of future impocts, including civil disturbqnce.

5.3.21 Terrorism
Description of Hozord
Terrorism refers to intentionol, criminol molicious octs. There is no single, universolly occepted definition of terrorism, ond the term con be interpreted in mony woys. The federol definition for terrorism found in the Code of Federol Regulotions (28 Code of Federol Regulotions [CFR], Section

0.85) is ",..lhe unlowful use of force ond violence ogornslpersons or properly lo inlimidole or coerce o governmenl, lhe civilion populotion, or any segmenl lhereof , in furlheronce of polificol or sociol obiecfives."The 20.l8 Colifornio Stqte Hozord Mitigotion Plon defines referstoterrorism osthe use of weopons of moss destruction, including biologicol, chemicol, nucleor, ond rqdiologicol weopons; orson, incendiory, explosive, ond ormed ofiocks; industriol sobotoge ond inlentionql hqzordous il8 Febrvory 2023
Chopler 5.0. Hozord,Assessmenf
moteriols releoses; ond cyber terrorism (refer to Section 5.3.12, Cyber Thresl for o detoiled discussion of cyber-ottocks; Col OES 2018).

Terrorist threots ore difficult to predict. Mony different groups use terrorist qttocks for vorious reosons. Two things ore cleor from the perspective of hozqrd mitigotion: the most often used weopons of terrorists in Colifornio ore incendiory bombs, ond the greotest potentiol for loss is from octive shooters or weopons of moss destruction. Additionol concerns include the use of chemicol ond biologicol weopons (Col OES 2018).
locolion ond Extent of Hqzord in the City of Cqrpinleriq Terrorism con occur throughout the City but due to its intended purpose would most likely hoppen in more populous urbon qreos where more devostotion ond ponic would ensue, such os the Downtown District, or in the City of Sonto Borboro or lslo Vistq.

History of Hozqrd in the Cily of Cqrpinleriq
The county hos seen severol recent events of moss cosuolties brought on by disgruntled or distrought individuols; however, none of them con be cotegorized os terrorism. No lerrorist events hove been documented in the City.

Probqbility of Occuruence
Unlikely - The County hos never experienced o terrorist ottock. Given the smoll populotion ond low density of the City of Corpinterio relotive to olher cities in the county (e.9., Sonto Borboro, Sonto Morio, etc.), the probobility of o terrorist oct occurring in the City of Corpinterio is low; however, terrorist octs in other more populous oreqs of the county would likely offect the City (see Section 6.3.21 , Terrorisml.

Climqte Chq nge Considerqlion
Climote chonge is ond will continue to cquse increosed resource scorcity including, energy, woter, ond oroble lond globolly, which is likely to result in increosed globol terrorism (United Notions 2O19ll. While resource scorcity is not on immediote chollenge for the City, seo level rise predictions, growing wildfire threot, ond drought will result in mid-term climote chonge impocts, os previously described.

5.3.22 lnvqsive Species
Description of Hazqrd
Non-indigenous species ore tronsported to new environments, both intentionolly ond unintentionolly, through humon octivities (Col OES 2018). The introduction of non-indigenous species into Coliforniq ond Sonto Borbqro County hos fundomentolly qltered mony of the City's environments ond ecosystems ronging from the City's uplond hobitots (e.g., nonnotive grosslonds) to coostol morine ond estuorine woters. A non-indigenous species is considered qn invqsive species when it becomes estoblished in o new geogrophic locotion, cousing impocts (Col OES 2018). lnvosive species con couse significont ond enduring economic, humon heolth, ond environmentol impocts.

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Terrestrial lnvosiye Species
Plont invosive species con threoten vegetotion notive to the City. When exotic plonts begin to colonize noturol londscopes, eoch ecosystem is subiect lo chonges thot threoten the integrity ond longevity of thot system. As o result, the notive floro ond founo ore often disploced with less desiroble species (Sonto Borboro Botonic Gorden 2021). Ecosystem domoge coused by invosive plont species con include competition wilh notive species, chonges in hydrology ond soil chemistry, hqzords for notives due to loss of food supply, protective cover, physicol horm, ond potentiolly devostoting new diseoses or insect pests.

Aqvolic lnvosive Species
ln cooslol environments, commerciol shipping is the most significont vector for species introductions.

Ships tronsfer orgonisms to Colifornio woters from throughout the world. Once infroduced, invosive species could become o permqnent port of on ecosystem ond moy flourish, creoting environmentql imbolonces, presenting risks to humon heolth, ond cousing significont economic problems. The introduction of nonindigenous species into Coliforniq's morine, estuorine, qnd f reshwoter environments con couse significont economic, humon heolth, ond ecologicol impocts (Col OES 20l8).

Biofouling orgonisms ore oquotic species oltoched to or ossocioted with submerged or wetted hord surfoces, such os pipes or piers. Ships tronsfer orgonisms to Colifornio woters from throughout the world.

The quoggo mussel ond closely reloted zebro mussel ore two of the most devostoting oquotic pests in the U.S. The smoll freshwoter mussels grow on hord surfoces such os woter pipes ond con couse moior problems for woter infrostructure. They cqn olso negotively impoct ecosystems ond fisheries by feeding on microscopic plonls ond onimols thot support the food web. First oppeoring in North Americo in the 1980s, they oppeored in Colifornio in2OO7. The cost of monoging these mussels is estimoted ot billions of dollors since their introduction into the U.S. (UC Sonto Borboro IUCSBI 20't9).

Locqlion qnd Extent of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq T er resl riol lnvosive Species
All of the City, including wildlonds, ore subiect to invosive plont species. Non-indigenous species occur lhroughout the City ond ore often very prevolent within grosslond ond riporion woodlond hobitots. Severol of these riporion invosive species in the riporion hobitot within ond surrounding Corpinterio Creek ond Logunitos Creek qre documented in the City of Corpinterio's 2005 Creeks Preservotion Progrom report, os described further below (City of Corpinterio 2OO5).

Corpinleria Creek
Non-notive understory vegetotion in Corpinterio Creek includes giont reed (Arundo donox), which is highly invosive ond forms dense, monotypic stonds olong the creek bonks in severol qreos.

Prominent non-notive vines including Germon ivy (Sene cio mikonoides), English ivy (Hedero helix), ond greoter periwinkle (Vinco moiorl dominote the ground loyer in oreos. These highly invosive vines hqve extended into the conopy ond killed severol riporion trees. Other non-notive plonts in the riporion corridor of Corpinteriq Creek include blue gum (Eucolyptus globulus), Durongo root (Dotisco glomerofo), sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgore), costor beon (Ricrn us communis), block 120 Februory 2023
Chopfer 5.0. Hozord Assessmenf
mustqrd (Brossico nigro), iceplont (Corpobrotus edulis), ripgut brome (Bromus diondrus), wild rodish (Rophonus sofivus), common sow thistle (Sonchus oleroceus), smilo gross (Piplherum milloceum), onnuol beord gross (Polypogon monspeliensrs), bent gross (Agrosfis virrdrs), rescue gross (Bromus cofhorficus), Joponese honeysuckle (lonicero ioponico), gorden nosturtium (Iropoeolum moius), myoporum (Myoporum loelum), ond poison hemlock (Conium moculotum) (City of Corpinterio 2005). [ogunilos Creek
Non-notive vegetotion found in the riporion forest olong Logunitos Creek includes Monterey cypress (Cupressus mocrocorpo), nosturtium, common sow thistle, filoree (Erodium ciculoriuml, sweet fennel, block mustord, poison hemlock, wild rodish, scqrlet pimpernel (Anogollis orvensts), prickly ox tongue (Picrrs echioides), Hording gross (Pholorrs oguofico), ond petty spurge (Euphorbro peplus) (City of Corpinterio 2005).

Ccrpinteric Solt Mqrsh Mosquilos
According to the UC Noturol Reserve System, l0 species of mosquitos ore known to breed in Corpinterio Solt Morsh, including species thot prefer fresh, brockish, or solt woter. The Corpinterio Volley Mosquito Abotement District monitors the estuory during the roiny seqson ond treots vorious sites, especiolly those with ponded woter, to reduce or eliminote mosquitoes. These insects ore notive to the ecosystem but con be o nuisonce to residents if they occur in lorge numbers. Some of the notive mosquito species olso con corry molorio (e.g., Anopheles sp.), or encepholitis (e.9, Culex sp.) (refer to Section 5.3.5, Pondemicf Public Heollh Emergency). The most common proctice of control is the opplicotion of "Golden Beor" oil in ponded oreos to suffocote mosquitoes ond other lorvoe thqt breothe ot the surfoce of the woter. Another obotement octivity is the occosionql droining of ponded woter. Historicolly, vorious portions of the estuorine wetlonds were "ditched" to droin ponded oreqs. This technique hod little impoct on mosquitos in the wetlonds (UC Noturol Reserve Sysrem 2022).

Aquolic lnvosive Species
According to q 2019 scientific orticle published by UCSB, Sonto Borboro County's woters hove so for been cleor of the invosive quoggo ond zebro mussels, thonks to oggressive meqsures to prevent contominqtion (UCSB 201 9).

The moiority of the estuorine wetlond hqbitots ot lhe Corpinterio Solt Morsh Reserve ore dominoted exclusively by notive plonts. This is in controst to the ortificiol berms ond other odiocent uplond hobitots thot cqn be dominoted exclusively by exotic species, including plonts from Eurosio, Africo, Austrolosio, South Americo, ond elsewhere in North Americo such os Mexico. Noturol hobitot restorqtion qnd enhoncement with notive species require the erodicotion or conirol of invosive exotic plont species thot dominqte the vegetotion. On-going monogement gools include the erodicotion or control of mony oggressive species thot dominote some portions of the reserve such os the uplond hobitots ond polustrine wetlond hqbitots of the delto of Sonto Monico Creek. Monogement techniques include monuol ond mechonicol removol or trimming ond occosionol treotment with environmentolly sensitive herbicides (UC Noturol Reserve System 2O22l.Selected torget invosive exotic species qre listed in Toble 5-8.

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!
l
Tqble 5-8. Common Invqsive Plonl Species in Sonto Barboro Counly Common Nqme Scientific Nome Common Nome Scienlific Nome Giont Reed Arundo donox lceplont Molephoro croceo Croceum Block Mustord Brossico nigro Seo Lovender Li mo ni u m romosrssirnum Itolion Thistle Corduus pycnocepholus Myporum Myoporum loelum Hottentot Fig Corpobrofus edulrs Kikuyu Gross Pennisefum clondeslinum Poison Hemlock Conium moculolum Coster Beon Ricrnus communis Pompos Gross Corloderio jubofo Russion Thistle Solsolo frogus Sweet Fennel Foeniculum vulgore
Source: UC Noturol Reserve System 2022.

The UC Noturol Reserve System lists severol other species, \Mhich ore potentiolly problemotic or not widespreod enough ot this time to worront specific octions. Toble 5-9 lists some of these less problemotic species.

Toble 5-9. Common lnvqsive Plonl Species in Sonto Bqrbqro County Common Nqme Scientific Nome Common Nome Scientific Nqme Austrolion Solt Bush Alriplex semiboccofo Slender Crystolline lceplont Mesembryonlhemum nodiflorum
Five-hook Bossio hyssopifo/io lndion-Fig Opunfio ficus-indico Tecolote, Nopo Thistle Cenfoureo melifensls Feothertop Penniselum villosum Bermudo Gross Cynodon doclylon Victorion Box Pillosporum undulotum Itolion Ryegross Lolium multiflorum Wild Rodish Rophonus solivus Tree Tobocco Nicofiono glouco New Zeolond Spinoch Ielrogonio lefrogonioides Source: UC Noturql Reserve System 2022.

A species of Limonium (Seo Lovender, Plum-boglnoceoe) hos invoded portions of the upper morsh neor the mouth of the estuory. As with mony introduced species olong berms ond on bors, lhis species probobly wos oceon-tronsported from o locol source ond subsequently.deposited os o frogment in the rock thot occumulotes ot the high tide line. The species hos successfully reproduced qnd nov/ covers mony squore meters of wetlond hobitot, including the only site on the UC Noturql Reserve System property where Sslt Morsh Bird's-beok, o Federol-listed endongered species, occurs. Funding from the U.S. Fish ond Wildlife Service (USFWS) initioted on erqdicotion ond reseorch progrom to leorn more qbout this species including its identity ond potenfiol methods of control or erodicotion. As with other invosive exotics ot the Corpinterio Solt Morsh Reserve, this species hos been locoted in severol gordens neor the estuory. lt ond other species of Limonium ore sold in the locol horticulturol trode qnd moy present o serious future problem becquse mony of these species occur noturolly in solt morshes in Europe ond elsewhere ond moy colonize coostol wetlonds in Colifornio relolively eosily (UC Noturol Reserve System 2022]).

Historv of Hqzqrd in the City of Cqrpinteriq
As described obove, os port of the Creeks Preservotion Progrom, the City of Corpinterio monitors ond monoges invqsive plont species olong the riporion corridors of creeks within the City. The UC Noturol Reserve System, in coordinotion with other ogencies, such os the USFWS ond Corpinterio 122 Februory 2023
Chopter 5.0. Hozord Assessmenl
Volley Mosquito Abqtement District, monitors ond monoges invosive ond other exotic species in the Corpinterio Solt Morsh Reserve.

Probobilily of Occurrence
Occqsionol - While the probobility of future occurrence is usuolly colculoted bosed on experience, different invosive species hove different recidivism rotes ocross the county. Bosed on post occurrences, invosive species will continue to present o constonl threot to the county ond City.

Climote Chqnge Considerotion
According to the lnternotionol Union for Conservqtion of Noture (IUCN), globolizotion over the recent decodes hos increosed the movement of people ond goods oround the world, leoding to o rise in the number of species introduced to oreos outside their noturol ronges. A 2017 study found thot over one-third of oll introductions in the post 200 yeors occurred qfter l9Z0 ond ihe rote of introductions is showing no sign of slowing down. A 2O2O study predicts thot the number of esloblished olien species will increqse by 36 percent between 2005 ond 2050 (IUCN 2021).

The impocts from invosive species cqn be compounded by climote chonge. Extreme climotic events resulting from climote chonge, such os hurricones, f loods, ond droughfs con tronsport invosive species to new qreos qnd decreose the resistonce of hobitots to invosions. Climote chonge is qlso opening up new pothwoys of the introduction of invosive species. For exomple, emerging Arctic shipping possoges due to melting ice cops will greotly reduce lhe time token for ships to trovel from Asiq to Europe. This will increose the risk of invosive species surviving the iourney (IUCN 2021).

Mony invosive species con expond ropidly to higher lqtiludes ond oltitudes os the climote wqrms, out-pocing notive species. lnvosive species thot ore regulorly introduced by humons but hove so for foiled to estoblish moy succeed in doing so thonks to climote chonge, creoting new sets of invoders.

Some hobitots, such os temperote forests ond freshwoter systems thot currently hove thermol borriers limiling the estoblishment of invosive species will become more suitoble for olien species qs the climote chonges (IUCN 2021l,.

5.3.23 Agriculturol Pests
Descriplion of Hozqrd
Agriculturol pests ond diseose infestotion occur when on undesirqble orgonism inhobits on oreo in o monner thot couses serious horm to ogriculture crops, livestock or poultry, ond wild lond vegetotion or qnimols. Countless insects ond diseoses live on, in, ond oround plonts ond onimqls in oll environments. Most ore hqrmless, while some con couse significont domoge qnd loss. Under some conditions, insects ond diseoses thot hove been relotively hormless con become hozordous. For exomple, severe drought conditions con weoken trees ond moke them more susceptible to destruction from insect ottocks thon they would be under normol conditions.

Different pests con impoct different crops in different woysi while there is no scole to define lhe extent of on infestotion, o pest could hove o moior economic impoct on the volue of infested crops.

Another lorge foctor thot moy influence crop yield is the spreod of invosive plonts, which moy compete with crops for resources ond in some coses olso introduce pests.

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Agriculturol pests ond pothogens (e.g., insects, fungi, bocterio, viruses, ond invqsive plonts) couse iniury or severe destruction to crops or livestock. These pests pose significont threots to crops, form workers, the economy, food supply, ond notive hobitot. Agriculturol pests ond diseoses olso weoken crops, vineyords, ond livestock, which mokes them more susceptible to horm from extreme heot, wildfire, ond drought. They con olso result in increoses in food prices for consumers. The number of invosive pests ond pothogens newly detected in Colifornio qnd the rest of the U.S. hqs increosed ot olorming rotes in recent yeors, ond thot trend is proiected to continue. lnsect pests ond diseoses, such os bork beetles ond Sudden Ook Deoth in trees, con olso destroy forests ond ook woodlond hobitot in the City, which con, in turn, increose the fuel lood ond leod to greoter fire risk.

Locqtion qnd Extent of Hqzqrd in the Citv of Cqrpinteriq Figure 5-23 of the MJHMP shows ogriculturol, form, ond grozing londs in the county, which ore susceptible to ogriculturol pesls qnd diseoses. Agriculture occurs in the Corpinterio Volley. As shown in Figure 4-1, there ore only two smoll ogriculturol londs in the City, which ore susceptible to ogriculturol pests ond diseoses.
ln 2Q2O,2l Z pests were intercepted through the County of Sontq Borborq's Pest Exclusion progrom, the most commonly intercepted species being the Lesser Snow Scole (Prnnosprs sfrochoni) (Sonto Borborq County Agriculturol Commissioner's Office 2O2Ol. These pests ond diseoses, such os the light brown opple moth, white peoch scole, Asion citrus psyllid, Pocific meolybug, qnd ovion influenzo, con retord the growth of plonts ond onimqls, domoge them so thot their products ore less oppeoling ond hqrder to sell, or even kill them (Sonto Borborq County Plonning ond Development Deportmenl 2021). By July 2O2O, the Colifornio Deportment of Food ond Agriculture confirmed the presence of Asion citrus psyllids (Diophorino cifri), Kuwoyomo, in Sqnto Borboro County, indicoting thot o breeding populotion exists in the oreo. Asion citrus psyllids ore ., hormful exotic insect pest ond o vector of Huonglongbing diseose, one of the most devostoting citrus diseoses. ln response to this infestotion, the County ordered insecticide treotments within q 4OO-meter rodius oround the Asion citrus psyllids detection site (Colifornio Deportment of Food ond Agriculture 2O2O)- Though there ore treotment options for mony ogriculturol pests ond diseoses, some hove no cure (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2o2l).

Sonto Borboro County is susceptible to infestotion or infection by the light brown opple moth, white peoch scole, Asion citrus psyllid, Pocific meolybug, ond ovion influenzo. lnfestotions of Mediterrqneon Fruit Fly, Orientol Fruit Fly, Gypsy Moth, Glossy-winged Shorpshooter, Asion Citrus Psyllid, ond Light-Brown Apple Moth hove oll occurred in the lost 30 yeors. Diseoses such qs Chrysonlhemum White Rust ond Pierce's Diseose of Gropes hove coused significont losses to locol growers. Between November 15,2019, to July 7,2020, the Colifornio Deportment of Food ond Agriculture (CDFA) confirmed the presence of Asion Citrus Psyllid in rhe counry (CDFA 2O2Ol.

Additionolly, UC Riverside ond the UC Cooperotive Extension recently sent out notificqtion wornings of the invosive block fig fly, which hos spreod to Sonto Borboro Counry (UC Riverside ond the UC Cooperotive Extension 2021). These pests could qffectcrops ond othervegetotion within the City. 124 Februory 2023
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Probqbility of Occurence
Occqsionql - Due to its interoction with the globol economy, its mild Mediterroneon climote, ond its diversified ogriculturol ond notive londscope, the City currently experiences ond will continue to experience periodic losses due to ogriculturol pests ond diseoses. Mony pests ond orgonisms thot corry diseoses ore most octive during wormer months, so the threot of infection or infestotion is higher during lhot time of yeor (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2021).

Climqte Chq nge Considerqtion
Continued climote chonge is likely to olter the obundonce ond types of mony pests, lengthen pesls' breeding seoson, ond increose pothogen growth rqtes. For exomple, the pink bollworm, o common pest of cotton crops, is currently o problem only in southern desert volleys becouse it connot survive winter frosts elsewhere in the stote. However, if winter temperolures rise, the pink bollworm's ronge would likely expond northword, which could leod to substontiol economic ond ecologicol consequences for the stqte (Allen-Dioz 2009). Proiection trends show temperotures getting wormer eorlier in the yeor ond remoining wormer until loter in fie yeor due to increoses in oir temperoture, which creotes o wider octivity window for pests ond diseoses (Sonto Borborq County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2021 ).

Colifornio's Fourth Climote Chonge Assessment (2018)notes thot "climote chonge impocts terrestriol ecosystems ond wildlife in multiple woys, including invqsion by exotic species, the prevolence of wildlife diseose, ond loss of notive hqbitots." Chonging climote conditions con impoct vioble living oreos of species qnd couse migrotion; shift the spreod of pests ond diseose northword by chonging hobitqt temperotures ond moking previously undesiroble hobitots welcoming for new species ond lengthen hqbitoble seosons (Colifornio Noturol Resources Agency 2018). Longer growing seosons moy olso ollow ogriculturol pests to persist longer, which cqn increose the severity of infestotions on ogriculturol operotions. Further, weother events hove become more numerous ond more severe.

Chonges in weother polterns con olso hove drqmotic impocts on the ecosystem, including ogricuhure systems, ond more severe impocts con be expected into the future.

6.0 VUTNERABITITIES ASSESSMENT

6.T PURPOSE & METHODOTOGY
The purpose of this section is to estimote the potentiol vulnerobility (impocts) of hqzords within the City on the built environment (residentiol, non-residentiol, criticol focilities, etc.) ond populotion. This ossessment informs the development of mitigotion strotegies to ovoid or lessen potentiol impocts through the 2022 Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon (LHMP) updote. To occomplish this, three different opprooches ore used:
'1. Applicotion of scientific loss estimotion models (i.e., Hozus);

2. Anolysis of exposure of criticol focilities to hozords; ond

3. A quolitotive eslimote of the impocts to hozords.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozqrd Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 125
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Purpose & Methodology
This section summqrizes the methodologies ond opprooches employed in the ossessment of vulnerobilities contqined in Sections 6.2 ond 6.3. A detoiled discussion of the methodologies ond opprooches employed in the Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon (MJHMp) ond this 2O22 LHMP updote is provided in Secrion 6.1 of rhe MJHMp.

6.1.1 Approoch to Eorthquoke Vulnerqbility Assessment
Eorthquoke loss estimotion for Ihe 2022 LHMP updote utilizes the Federol Emergency Monogement Agency's (FEMA's) Hozus-MH 5.0 noturol hozord loss estimotion softwore. Hozus-MH uses stote-ofthe-ort Geogrophic lnformotion Systems (GlS) softwore to mop ond disploy hqzord doto ond fie results of domoge ond economic loss estimotes for buildings ond infrostructure. lt olso ollows users to estimote the impocts of eorthquokes ond floods on popurotions.

Hozus olso uses U.S. Census doto to estimote loss using 2Ol O Census trocts ond for estimoting populotion by multiplying the number of Residentiol qnd Multi-Use porcels by overoge household size by iurisdiction. As with ony model, there ore uncertointies, ond the results should be considered opproximote for brood hozqrd mitigotion plonning purposes.

To evoluote potentiol losses ossocioted with eorthquoke octivity in the City, two Hozus scenorios were run' including o Hqzus 2,500-yeor probobilistic scenorio qnd o Mognitude 7.4 - Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio.

The eorthquoke loss estimotion onolysis in Section 6.2.1 is broken into two subsections:

4. Hqzus 2,500-yecr probobilistic scenorio: this qssesses the City-wide vulnerobilities to ground shoking bosed on overoll seismic probobilities (7.Q mognitude) in the county; ond

5. Mognitude 7.4 ' Red Mounloin Fqult ShokeMop Scenorio: this ossesses the unique vulnerobilities thot moy exist in the City if the epicenter for on eorthqu oke (7.4 mognitude) wos locoted olong the Red Mountoin Foult south of the Sonto Ynez Mountqins.

See Section 6,2.1 , Earlhquoke (Ground shoking) for o discussion of the City's vulnerobilities to ground shoking hozords.

6.1.2 Approoch to Flood Vulnerobility Assessment
To ossess flood vulnerobility ond loss estimotions, o flood vulnerobility qssessment wos performed for lhe City using the following GIS methodology. Sonto Borboro County's effective Digitol Flood lnsuronce Rote Mops (DFIRM) wqs used os the hozord loyer. A DFIRM is FEMA's flood risk dqto thot depicts the l-percent onnuol chonce (1OO-yeor) ond the 0.2-percent onnuol chonce (500-yeor) flood events. Toble 6-l summorizes the flood zones included on these mops. 126 Februory 2023
Chopfer 6,0. V ulnerabilities,Assessmenf
Toble 6-2. City of Corpinterio Communily lnformqtion System Policies in Force by Flood Zone Flood Zone City of Corpinterio
A0 l -30 & AE Zones 126
A Zones 76
B,C&XZone
Stondord 93
Preferred 128
Total 423
The DFIRM flood zones were overloid in GIS on the Counly's porcel loyer to identify properties ond structures thot would likely be inundoted during o coostol I -percent onnuol chonce (e.g., storm/ high tide inundotion), riverine 'l-percent onnuol chonce, ond riverine O.2-percent onnuql chonce flood event. The extent of the FEMA floodploin in the City is shown in Figure 5-'l ond Figure 6-4.

Building qnd contents volues were totqled to estimote exposure. The result is on inventory of the number ond types of improved porcels subiect to flooding in the City. lt is importont to note thot there could be more thon one structure or building on on improved porcel (e.9, o condo complex occupies one porcel but might hove severol structures). This flood loss onolysis does not occount for business disruption, emergency services, environmentol domoges, or displocement costs, thus octuol losses ossocioted v/ith flooding would likely exceed the estimote shown. Conversely, this onolysis does not differentiote porcels thot moy hove been developed since when the City odopted floodploin regulotions, which would be mitigoted to the 1-percent onnuol chonce of flood if developed per locol floodploin regulotions.

Similor to the 2022 MJHMP updote, Hozus modeling for this LHMP wos completed for eorthquoke hqzqrds only ond wos not used to develop opproximote flood hozord oreos given thot Hozus flood modeling results ore typicolly not os occurote ond do not olwoys coincide with the regulotory FEMA FIRM or locol flood mopping. Therefore, proven GIS methods were used to estimqte flood risk to structures where GIS is used to overloy the FEMA flood mopping on porcel-bosed inventory dofo, os described further below. This opprooch yields o more occurote count qnd types of structures qt risk.

See Section 6.3..l, Flood for o discussion of the City's vulnerobilities to flood hozords.

6.1.3 Approcch lo Anolysis of Exposure of Criticql Focilities lo Hozords Criticol focilities ore key support fqcilities qnd structures most necessory to withstond the impocts of ond respond to noturol hozords (e.g., utilities, tronsportotion infrostructure, ond emergency response ond services focilities). The Corpinterio Locol Plonning Teom (LPT) reviewed ond updoted its list of criticol focilities ond generoted q summory of the focilities by moior cotegories: Low Enforcement, Fire, Public Works (including tronsportotion ond flood control focilities), Heolth ond Humon Services, Administrotive, Communicotions, ond Other.

Using o GIS ond the mopped extents of the hqzords offecting the City, it wos determined which crilicol focilities ore exposed to which hozords depending on whether they foll within the mopped hozord oreo. This opprooch wos token for Wildfire, Eorthquoke-lnduced Liquefoction, Flood, Dom Foilure, Londslide, Coostol Hozords, Tsunomi.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 127
Purpose & Mefhodology
Tqble 6-2 below presents the 52 mopped criticol focilities within the City. These focilities primorily included utilities, government, medicol, ond educotionol structures os well os bridges. Of the ovoiloble doto, it wos shown thot these buildings ore worth opproximotely $l 30,249,g18 in totol building volue (i.e., structurol ond content volue) (Toble 6-2). No volues were oble to be obtoined for mony moior focilities, so the octuql volue moy be substqntiolly higher.

It should be noted lhot operotions ot the Corpinterio Oil ond Gos Plont ond the Nqturol Gos Odoront Focility, both locqted sl 5675 Corpinterio Avenue, hqve ceosed, os described in Section

5.13 ond Section 5.14. However, given lhot these focilities hove not yet been removed or remedioted, they remoin included os criticql focilities. Additionql public focilities, such os Violq Fields, the Covolli Property (Friends of the Librory building), ond Monte Visto Pork, ore considered in Sections 6.3.1 through 6.3.23. However, these focilities ore not considered FEMA Lifelines qs defined obove ond therefore, ore not included in the onolysis of criticol fqcilities in the City.

Toble 6-2. City of Corpinterio Criticol Fqcilities list Type Focility Address Totql Vclue
Communicolions Criticol Focility 'I 0l5l Oceonview Rd $98,226 Communicotions Rincon Peok Reloy Stotion 5l l5 Ogon Rd
Energy: lndustriol Verizon 5675 Corpinterio Ave
Energy: Substotion Noturol Gos Odoront Corpinterio Oil
ond Gos
4918 FoothillRd
Urilities SCE - Substotion 1488 Linden Ave $5,000,000
Uriliries Sewoge Pump Stotion 7 546 Polm Ave $2,000,000 Utiliries Sewoge Pump Stotion 1 I 301 Sonto Ynez Ave $2,266,000 Utilities Woter District Mointenonce Building 4527 Corpinterio Ave $ 1,500,000 Utilities Sewoge Pump Stotion 2
'l 301 Sonro Ynez Ave $1,500,000
Utilities Heodquorters Well 4859 Foothill Rd $ t,5oo,ooo Uriliries Hish School Well 53'15 FoothillRd $ 1,500,000 Utilities El Corro Well 5315 Foothill Rd $1,500,000
Utiliiies El Corro Well Filtrotion Plont I 3Ol Sonto Ynez Ave $ 1,400,000 Utilities Woter Disirict Moin Office 3950 Vio Reql $ 1,000,000 Ufilities Sewoge Pump Stotion 4 4859 Foothill Rd $800,000 Utilities High School Well Treotment Plonr l 30l Sonto Ynez dve $700,000 Utilities Heodquorters Well Control Building I 30l Sonto Ynez Ave $90,000 Wostewoter
Treotment Plont
Heodquo rters Well Enclosure 5300 Sixth St $60,000,00
0 Hozordous Moteriol Wostewoler Treotmeni Plont 5675 Corpinterio Ave Heolth ond Medicol
Clinic
Corpinterio Oil ond Gos Plonr 4806 Corpinterio Ave
Heolth ond Medicol
Clinic
Sonsum Clinic-Co rpinterio 931 Wolnut Ave
EMS Stotion PHD Corpinterio Clinic 9l I Wolnut Ave
EMS Stotion Corpinierio - Summerlond Fire
Protection District Stotion I
4235 Corpinteriq Ave
128 Februory 2023
Chopfer 6.0. V ulnerobilifies Assessmenf
Type Fccility Address Totol Volue
Nursing Home Americon Medicol Response Stotion I 5464 Corpinrerio Ave Veteron Services Gronvido Senior Living ond Memory
Core
941 Wolnul Ave
Veteron Services Corpinterio Velerons Memoriol Building 941 Wolnut Ave Colleges / Universities Veteron's Memoriol Building l0'l 5 Mork Ave Educotion lnternotionol Sports Sciences Associotion 481 0 Foothill Rd $28,535,89 8 Educotion Corpinterio High School 5351 Corpinteriq Ave $'t4,366,23 3 Educotion Corpinterio Middle School l48O Linden Ave $ 10,583,60 6 Educoiion Conolino Elementory 4545 Corpinterio Ave $6,457,9O8 Educotion Aliso Elementory 52Ol Eishth St $4,360,870
Educotion Corpinterio Children's Proiect ot Moin 4698 Foothill Rd $21O,72O Educotion Rincon/Foothill High School 'l 400 Linden Ave Educotion Corpinterio Unified School District
(CUSD) District Office
1480 Linden Ave
Educotion Corpinterio Fomily 'I 480 Linden Ave
Educotion Conolino Elementory 5315 Foothill Rd
Fire Stotion The Howord School 911 Wolnut Ave $7,',|50,000 Government Corpinterio Fire Stotion l 5775 Corpinlerio Ave $4,436,787 Governmenl Ciiy Holl, Sheriff's Substotion,
Mointenonce
1 140 Eugenio Pl $60,0oo
Librory Corpinterio Summerlond HQ 5141 Corpinterio Ave
Museum Corpinterio Public Librory 956 Mople Ave
Sheriff Corpinterio Volley Museum of History 5775 Corpinterio Ave $t 11 ,767 Tronsportotion Corpinterio Sheriff's Stotion HWY 10r SB / Fronklin Creek
Tronsporlofion Bridge HWY l0'l NB / Fronklin
Creek
Tronsportolion Bridge 7th St / HWY 101
Tronsportotion Bridge SR- 150 (Rincon Rd) / HWY
r0r
Tronsportotion Bridge 7th St / Fronklin Creek
Tronsportotion Bridge Corpinlerio Ave / Fronklin
Creek
Tronsportolion Bridge Corpinterio Rd / Corpinterio
Creek
Tronsporlotion Bridge Vio Reol / Sonto Monico
Creek
Tronsporlolion Bridge 4thSt / Corpinterio Creek
Tronsportotion Bridge HWY 101 SB / Sonlo Monico
Creek
Tronsporlotion Bridge HWY 101 NB / Sonto
Monico Creek
City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Bqrboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 129
Purpose & Methodology
Type Focilily Address Totol Vqlue
Tronsportotion Bridge Corpinterio Avenue ,/ Sonto
Monico Creek
Tronsportotion Bridge Boilord Avenue / HWY l0l
Tronsportotion Bridge Molibu Dr / Fronklin Creek
The results of the exposure onolysis ore included in this section. A further description of the threots ond methodologies used in this onolysis is provided in Chopter 6,0,Vulnerobitit:y Assessmenf of the 2022 MJHMP. As the City continues to ossess its vulnerobility, the collection of better qnd more complete doto will help to improve the risk ossessment process to direct plonning ond mitigotion decisions.

Toble 6-3. Summcry of potenliol lmpocls to Crilicol Fccilities Hozord Type Specific Risk Counl 7o of Crilicql Fqcilities lmpocted Exposure ($)
Wildfire Low to Exlreme Wildfire Threot 0 oo $o
Liquefoction
(Eorrhquoke)
High Liquefoction Potentiol 49 86% $l54,237,262
Flood FEMA I o/o Annuol Chonce Flood Zone 14 25V" $37,5O4,526 FEMA O.2% Annuol Chonce Flood Zone 4 70h $63,500,000
Coostol Hozords Seo Level Rise (2060) I 2%
Dom Foilure Sonto Monico Debris Bosin Foilure I 16% $ I 2,51 3,909 Londslide Closs 7 2 40 $210,720
Tsunomi i0 I 9Yo $9,957,909
130 Februory 2023
Chopfer 6.0. V ulnerqbilities Assessnrenf

6.1.4 Approoch to Quqlitqtive Estimqte of lmpocls
The opprooch used to complete this effort involves utilizing reodily ovoiloble doto (i.e., U.S. Census) to extropolote ond estimote potentiol vulnerobility. ln some coses, the estimotion would build upon historic events but it moy olso include proiecting worst-cose potentiols. The Corpinterio LPT summorized the remoining hozords to which the City is vulneroble ond ossessed the omount ond type of domoge thot could be expected. This opprooch of quolitotive ossessment wos done for the following hozord types in Section 6.3.5 through Section 6.3.23 below:
o Drought & Woler Shortoge
o Pondemic/PublicHeolthEmergency
o Extreme Heot/Freeze
o Energy Shortoge & Resiliency
I Mudflow ond Debris Flow
o Windstorm
o Hozordous Moteriols Releose
. Cyber Threot
o lnvosive Species
o Civil Disturbonce
o Nqturol Gos Pipeline Rupture
o Agriculturol Pests
o Troin Accident
o Terrorism
o Oil Spills
o Geologic Hozord

6.2 SCTENTTFTC rO55 ESTTMATTON (HAZUS) ANATYSTS

6.2.1 Eorlhquoke (Ground shoking)
The 2,500-yeor scenorio considers multiple foults in the region. The methodology utilizes probobilistic seismic hozord contour mops developed by the U.S. Geologicol Survey (USGS) for the 20'18 updote of the Notionol Seismic Hozord Mops thot ore included with Hozus-MH. The USGS mops provide estimotes of potentiol ground occelerotion qnd spectrol occelerotion ot periods of

0.3 seconds ond 1.0 seconds, respectively. The 2,500-yeor return period onolyzes ground shoking estimotes from the vorious seismic sources in lhe oreo with o two percent probobility of being exceeded in 50 yeors. The lnternotionol Building Code uses this level of ground shoking for building design in seismic oreos.

The Mognitude 7.4 - Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio is o deterministic scenorio thot predicts the outcome of o specific eorthquoke event. This deterministic scenorio used USGS provided ShokeMop dotosets to model whqt o Mognitude 7.4 eorthquoke of the Red Mountoin Foult would generote in terms of domoges ond losses for the chosen qreo of interest (City of Corpinterio). The dqtosets used to import into Hozus 5.0 for these scenorios included four USGS-provided key doto loyers in o geospotiol formqt: peok ground velocity, peok ground qccelerotion, peok spectrol occelerotion for 0.3 seconds (0.3 percent grovitotionol velocity [g]), ond peok ground occelerotion for 1.0 seconds ('1.0 percent g).

Figure 6-l is the ShokeMop produced for the Mognitude 7.4 - Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio. As shown in the figure, in the Red Mountqin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio, the entire City would perceive severe to extreme shoking ond would likely receive moderote fheovy to very heovy domoge.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 1 3'l
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6.0. Vulnerobilifies Assessmenl
Properly
Hozus estimotes the number of buildings thot would be domoged during o modeled eorthquoke, ond these estimotes ore provided in the tobles below. The 2r500-yeor probobilistic scenorio is expected to produce more severe building domoge lhqn the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio. For exomple, on eorthquoke from the 2,500-yeor probobilistic scenorio could demolish (i.e., "Complete" building domoge) 177 homes compored to 28 homes from the Red Mountoin Foult Shokemop Scenqrio (Tobles 6-4 ond 6-5). Hozus estimqtes thot under the 2r500-yeor probobilistic scenorio, obout 3,148 buildings will be ot leost moderotely domoged (i.e., Moderote, Extensive, Complete building domoge), which is over 74 percent of the buildings in lhe region. On the other hond, under the Red Mountoin Foult Shokemop Scenorio, 1,918 buildings will be ot leost moderotely domoged, which is over 45 percent of the buildings in the region.

Toble 6-4. Expecled Building Domoge by Occuponcy - 2,500-yeqr Probqbilistic Scenqrio None Slisht Moderqle Exlensive Complele
Counl (o/ol County (o/ol Counl (o/o) Counl (o/o) Counl (o/ol Agricuhure o.94 0.55 4.73 o.52 r r.08 0.69 8.89 1.20 r 0.35 1.28 Commerciol 4.34 2.54 21.60 2.36 72.61 4.55 93.50 12.64 r r 8.95 14.66 Educqtion o.32 0.'r9 'r.43 0.r 6 3.30 o.21 2.62 0.35 2.33 o.29 Governmenl 0.05 0.03 0.25 0.03 0.90 0.06 1.22 0.16 r.59 0.20 lnduslriol 0.8r o.47 4.43 0.48 17.1 1 1.O7 24.42 3.30 33.23 4.10 Other
Residentiol
r 3.8r 8.08 72.88 7.98 r 55.84 9.7s 182.56 24.69 462.92 57.O5 Religion 0.36 o.21 1.72 0. r9 4.39 o.27 4.32 0.58 5.21 o.64 Single
Fomily
't50.31 87.93 806.71 88.29 1332.29 83.40 421.92 57.06 176.77 21.79 Totol 171 914 1,598 739 8ll
Source: Hozus-MH 5.0
Toble 6-5.

Source, Hozus-MH 5.0
Expecled Building Domoge by Occuponcy - Red Mounlqin Foult ShqkeMop Scenorio None Slighr Moderole Extensive Complete
Counl (o/o) Counly (o/o) Counl (o/ol Counl (o/ol Count (o/o) Agriculture 5.53 0.66 9.26 o.62 r 0.68 o.94 6.19 r.33 4.35 r.39 Commerciol 32.77 3.93 55.92 3.77 98.63 8.64 76.27 16.42 47.41 r5.r6 Educqtion r.8r o.22 2.69 0.r 8 2.98 o.26 1.64 0.35 0.88 0.28 Governmenl 0.36 0.04 o.62 0.04 r.16 0. r0 'r.06 0.23 0.80 o.26 lndustriol 7.O2 o.84 'r3.00 0.88 25.50 2.23 20.69 4.45 13.78 4.41 Other
Residentiol

70.88 8.5',| 136.25 9.20 208.69 'r8.28 256.84 55.29 2 r 5.35 68.84 Religion 2.16 o.26 3.51 o.24 4.62 0.40 3.41 o.73 2.30 o.73 Single
Fomily
712.23 85.53 1260.34 85.O7 789.O9 69.14 98.41 21.19 27.93 8.93 Totol 833 1,482 | ,141 465 3r3
City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon r33
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon

6.0. Vulnerobilifies Assessmenf
Figure 6-2. Cily of Corpinlerio 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio Totql Building Loss o
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0 6.0. V ulnerobilifies Assessmenf
The totol citywide building loss for these two scenorios is shown in Figures 6-2 ond Figure 6-3.

Potentiol building losses would likely be clustered within built communities ond downtown oreos where structures ore older ond denser. As shown in Figure 6-2 ond Figure 6-3, for both scenorios, the western ond southwestern portions of the City would hove the highest totql building loss.

However, the obsolute dollor qmount of totol citywide building loss under the 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio is higher thon the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio.

People
Ufiliry Services: Loss of utility services would hove o moior impoct on the people of the City. The following tobles indicote the number of proiected households thot would experience potoble woter ond electric power loss, ond the number of doys the loss would lost. For exomple, this onolysis shows thot more thon 2,700 households would remoin without electricity 7 doys ofter on eorthquoke under the 2,500-yeqr Probobilistic Scenorio. The 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio is expected to couse o long deloy in lhe recovery of potoble woter ond electric power systems os well os couse more people to be without potoble woter or electric power compored to the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio (Tobles 6-6 ond 6-7).

Tqble 6-6. Expected Potqble Wqter ond Electric Power System Performonce - 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio
Totol Number of
Households
Number of Households without Service
At Doy I Al Doy 3 At Doy 7 Ar Doy 30 At Doy 90
Poioble.Woter
4,695
4,571 4,125 0 0 0
Eleciric Power 4,395 3,841 2,725 963 5
Toble 5-7 Expecled Poloble Woter ond Electric Power System Performonce - Red Mountqin Foult ShokeMop Scencrio
Totol Number of
Households
Number of Households without Service
At Doy I At Doy 3 At Doy 7 At Dcy 30 At Doy 90
Potoble Woter
4,695
3,81 g 0 0 0 0
Electric Power 3,373 2,O57 821 153 5
Source: Hozus-MH 5.0
Sheltering: Sheltering is onolher concern during on eorthquoke - people moy be disploced from their homes due to lhe eorthquoke, ond those disploced people moy need occommodqtions in temporory public shelters. Toble 6-8 shows the proiected totol displocement ond proiected shelter needs for eoch scenorio. The totol number of residents seeking shelter could ronge from 185 under the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio to 534 under the 2,500-yeqr Probobilistic Scenorio.

The 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio is expected to result in more disploced households ond olso people seeking shelter thon the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio. Disploced households thqt do not seek shelter moy require other evocuotion services os well. r36 Februory 2023

6.0. V ulnerobilities Assessmenf
Tqble 5-8. Shelter Requiremenls
2,500-yeor Probobilislic Scenqrio Red Mounlain Fqult ShokeMop Scenqrio Totol Populotion 13,025 Totol Populotion 13,025
Totol Disploced Households 813 Totol Disploced Households 283 Totol Seeking Shelrer 534 Totol Seeking Shelter r85
Source: Hozus-MH 5.0
Cqsuqhies: Hozus estimotes the number of people thot would be iniured or killed by the eorthquoke, bosed on mognitude qnd time of occurrence for the eorthquoke. The cosuqlties ore broken down into four severity levels thot describe lhe extent of the iniuries. o Level l: lniuries would require medicol oltention but hospitolizotion is not needed o level 2: lniuries would require hospitolizotion but ore not considered life-threotening o level 3: lniuries would require hospitolizotion ond cqn become life-ihreotening if not promptly treoted
o Level4: Victims ore killed by the eorthquoke
The cosuolty estimotes ore provided for three times of doy: 2:00 AM, 2:00 PM, ond 5:00 PM. These times represent the periods of the doy thot different sectors of the community ore ot their peok occuponcy loods. The 2:00 AM estimote considers thot the residentiol occuponcy lood is moximum, the 2:00 PM estimote considers thot the educotionol, commerciol, ond industriol sector loods ore moximum, ond 5:00 PM represents peok commute time. The worst-cose outcome is proiected for o 2:00 PM eorthquoke under the 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio with totol cosuolties of 543 individuols, including 38 deolhs. These estimotes of cosuolties ore broken down in Toble 6-9 for the 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio ond Toble 6-10 for the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio. ln both scenorios, on eorthquoke ot 2:00 PM would couse the most cqsuolties ond deoths. The 2r500-yeor Probqbilistic Scenorio is expected to result in more cosuqhies ond olso more severe cosuolties thon the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio.

Tqble 6-9. Cosuolly Eslimqles - 2,500-yeor Probobilislic Scenorio level I Level 2 Level 3 Level 4
2AM
Commerciol 4.39 1.41 o.24 0.48
Commuting 0.03 0.04 o.o7 0.01
Educotionol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Holels 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
lndustriol 4.57 1.45 o.24 0.48
Other- Residentiol 97.46 25.87 2.65 4.86
Single Fomily 55.54 11.O7 0.69 1.17
Totol 162 40 4 7
2PM
Commerciol 244.67 78.24 r 3.39 26.35
Commuting o.27 o.40 0.63 o.12
Educotionol 65.05 20.76 3.60 7.O5
Hotels 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plcn 137
Annex to lhe Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon

6.0. Vulnerobilifies Assessmenf
I
1 i
i
l
Source: Hozus-MH 5.0
Toble 6-10.

Source: Hozus-MH 5.0
Cosuolly Eslimqles - Red Mountoin Fqult ShokeMop Scenqrio Level I level 2 Level 3 level 4
lndustriol 33.73 10.67 1.78 3.49
Other- Residentiol r 5.89 4.22 o.45 0.80
Single Fomily 9.54 r.90 o.14 o.20
Totol 359 lt6 20 38
5PM
Commerciol 176.09 56.O2 9.62 18.67
Commuting 5.40 7.81 12.45 2.45
Educotionol 8.38 2.68 0.46 0.9'r
Hotels 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
lndustriol 2r.08 6.67 1.12 2.18
Other- Residentiol 36.21 9.61 1.O2 1.82
Single Fomily 22.O7 4.39 o.32 o.46
Totol 269 87 25 26
level I level 2 Level 3 Level 4
2AM
Commerciql 2.O7 0.62 0.r 0 o.20
Commuting 0.0r o.o2 0.03 0.0r
Educotionol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hotels 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
lnduslriol 2.16 0.63 0.'r0 0. r9
Other- Residentiol 47.12 11.54 l.l I 2.O4
Single Fomily r 6.09 2.54 0.r 5 o.26
Totol 67 t5 I 3
2PM
Commerciol I r 5.43 34.28 5.63 11.O7
Commuling 0. r3 0.20 0.30 0.06
Educotionol 30.66 9.r 3 1.54 3.0r
Hotels 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
lndustriol r 5.89 4.61 o.73 1.41
Other- Residentiol 7.58 r.86 0.r 9 0.34
Single Fomily 2.70 0.43 0.03 o.o4
Totol 172 5l I t6
5PM
Commerciol 83.O7 24.58 4.O5 7.86
Commuting 2.47 3.75 5.78 l.t 5
Educotionol 4.O7 1.22 o.2t 0.40
Hotels 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
lndustriol 9.93 2.88 o.45 0.88
Other- Residentiol 17.31 4.26 o.42 o.77
Single Fomily 6.26 0.99 o.o7 0.'10
Totql r23 38 il lt
138 Februory 2023

6.0. V ulnerobilities,Assessmenf
Economy
Depending on its locotion qnd mognitude, on eorthquoke could hove o devostoting impoct on the City's economy. ln generol, impocts would be reloted to debris cleonup ond monogement, building ond infrostructure domoge, ond losses reloied to business ond infrqstructure interruption.

Hozus estimotes economic impocts including building-reloted losses, ond tronsportotion ond utility lifeline losses over '15 yeors ofter the incident. Building losses ore broken into lwo cotegories: direct building losses ond business interruption losses. The direct building losses ore the estimoted costs to repoir or reploce the domoge coused to the building ond its contents. Business interruption losses ore lhe losses ossocioted wilh the inobility to operote o business becouse of the domoge sustoined during the eorthquqke. Business interruption losses olso include lhe temporory living expenses for those people disploced from their homes becouse of the eorthquoke.

Tqble 5-l l. Economic Losses (Millions of Dollors)
Sourcer Hozus-MH 5.0
The 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio is expected to result in more economic losses thon the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio (Toble 6-l I ).
o 2,50o-yeqr Probobilislic Scenqrio: The totol building-reloted losses were over $896 million.

Fifteen percent of the estimoted losses were reloted to the business interruption of the region.

By for, the lorgest loss wos sustoined by the residentiol occuponcies, which mode up over 54 percent of the totol loss.
o Red Mountqin Fqult ShqkeMop Scenqrio: The totol building-reloted losses were over $402 million. Seventeen percent of the estimoted losses were reloted to the business interruption of the region. By for, the lorgest loss wos sustoined by the residentiol occuponcies, which mode up over 48 percent of the totol loss.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon Cotegory Single Fomily Other Residentiql Commerciol lndustriql Others Totql 2,SOO-year Probabilistic Scenorio
lncome Losses 26.45 'r9.53 77.4 3.r 5 4.82 r3r.36
Copitol Stock Losses 280.64 154.57 206.17 65.41 58.O7 764.86 Totol 307.09 l74.to 283.58 68.56 62.89 896.22
Red ltlountain Fault Shakeilop Scenorio
lncome Losses 9.59 10.19 45.45 r.95 2.73 69.9r
Copitol Stock Losses r 03.6r 70.71 r 00.29 30.17 27.62 332.41 Tolol r r 3.20 80.90 145.75 32.12 30.3s 402.32
139

6.0. V ulnersbilifies,Assessmenf
Criticql Fqcililies qnd lnfrostructure
The 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio {Toble 6-12) is olso expected to result in more lifeline system (e.9., tronsportotion, utility, communicotion) losses thon the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio (Toble 6-13).

Toble 6-12. 2,500-yeor Probqbilistic Scenorio lifeline System Losses - Tronsporlotion ond Utility (Millions of Dollors)
Syslem lnventory Volue Economic Loss
Highwoy 248.65 r 2.38
Roilwoys 40.93 6.73
Lighr Roil 0 0
Bus 1.83 1.43
Ferry 0 0
Port 3.62 2.83
Airport 0 0
Potoble Woler 4.O2 2.33
Woslewoler 329.63 236.39
Noturol Gos 17.69 't.84
Oil Syslems 0 0
Electricol Power 0 0
Communicotion 0 0
Toble 5-13. Red Mountqin Fqult ShokeMop Scenqrio Lifeline System Losses - Tronsportotion ond Utility (Millions of Dollors)
System Inventory Volue Economic Loss
Highwoy 248.65 5.52
Roilwoys 40.93 3.73
Light Roil 0 0
Bus r.83 o.76
Ferry 0 0
Port 3.62 l.5l
Airport 0 0
Potqble Woter 4.O2 1.22
Wostewoter 329.63 r 03.85
Noturol Gos 17.69 0.84
Oil Systems 0 0
Electricol Power 0 0
Communicotion 0 0
Source: Hozus-MH 5.0
An eorthquoke could hove o moior impoct on criticol infrostructure, including hospitols, schools, EO€s, police stotions, ond fire stotions. All of these focilities would sustoin ot leqst moderote 140 Februory 2023

6.0. V ulnerobilities Assessmenf
domoge under the 2r500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio while 25 percent would sustoin ot leost moderote domoge under the Red Mountqin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio.

Tcble 6-14. Expecled Domoge to Crilicol Focilities - 2,500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio Toble 6-15. Expecled Domoge to Criticol Fqcilities - Red Mounloin Fqult ShokeMop Scenorio Clossificqtion Totol
Number of Focilities
Al Leosl Moderqle
Domoge > 5Oo/o
Complete Domoge
> 5Oo/o
With Functionolily
> 5Oo/o on Doy I
Hospitols 0 0 0 0
Schools 6 5 0 0
EOCs 0 0 0 0
Police Stqtions I 0 0 0
Fire Stotions I I 0 0
Tolol 8 6 0 0
Source: Hozus-MH 5.0
The 2r500-yeor Probobilistic Scenorio is expected to couse more dqmoge ond olso more severe domoge to criticol focilities, os well os result in deloys for the criticol focilities to recover thon the Red Mountoin Foult ShokeMop Scenorio. The more extreme domoge to criticol focilities would require odditionol time to repoir ond ensure sofe operotion post-eorthquoke.

Other Eorthquoke Vulnerobilities
Sociql Vulnerqbility. The entire City's populotion is exposed in some woy to eorthquoke hozords.

Populofions most vulneroble to eorthquoke hozords would be those thot rely on specific services or electricol power, which moy not be ovqiloble during or ofter o quoke, such os heolth core potients ond the elderly. Residents would hove o difficult time receiving emergency notificotions or evocuoting due to qge or disobility, houselessness, or longuoge borriers. Such sociolly vulneroble ond sometimes finonciolly disodvontoged households moy not hove the finonciol resiliency to cope with both short-term post-eorthquoke issues such os poying for lodging ond cleon up os well os potentiolly locking resources to oddress longer-term issues such os moior structurol repoirs or replocement.

Eostern Corpinterio hos on obove-overoge sociol vulnerobility bosed on stotewide ronking os identified by the Center for Diseqse Conirol's (CDC's) sociql vulnerobility index (SoVl) (refer to City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
,Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon Clossificolion Tolol
Number of Focilities
At Leosl Moderqle
Domoge > 5Oo/o
Complete Domoge
> 5Oo/o
Wilh Funclionolity
> 5Oo/o on Doy I
Hospitols 0 0 0 0
Schools 6 6 0 0
EOCs 0 0 0 0
Police Stotions '| I 0 0
Fire Stotions I 1 0 0
Totol 8 8 0 0
141
a
I

6.0. V ulnerobilities Assessmenl
Figure 4'3 of the MJHMP). Therefore, this portion of the City moy be more vulneroble to noturol hozords such os eorthquokes.

Historic, Cullurql, qnd Nolurql Resources. Eorthquoke effects on the environment, noturol resources, ond historic ond culturol ossets could be very destructive depending on the type of seismic octivity experienced ond secondory/coscoding effects from on event (e.g., wildfire). The biggest impoct would likely be on older properties such os wooden or mosonry buildings, though reinforced mosonry structures would be much more resilient during eorlhquokes. However, on eorthquoketriggered event such os o rockslide could impoct noturql foothill or mountoin hobitqts.

Fulure Developmenl. Future development in the City is not onticipoted to significontly offect vulnerobility to eorthquokes when designed occording to modern building codes. However future development would result in o slight increose in exposure of the populotion, building stock, ond reloted infrostructure to eorthquokes.

6.3 VUTNERABITITIES

6.3.1 Flood
The geogrophicol locotion, climote, ond topogrophy of Corpinterio moke some oreos of the City prone to flooding. While there ore some benefits ossocioted with flooding, such os mointoining noturol riporion processes olong creeks, replenishment of beoch sond ond nutrients to ogriculturol londs, it presents o hozord to development in floodploins. ln oddition to the domoge to properties, flooding con olso cut off occess to utilities, emergency services, tronsporlotion, ond moy impoct lhe overoll economic well-being of on oreo. Emergency responses con be interrupted by domoged roods ond infrostructure. Fire cqn breok out os o result of dysfunctionql electricol equipment.

Hqzqrdous moteriols con qlso get into floodwoys, cousing heolth concerns ond polluted woter supplies. During o flood, the drinking woter supply con be contominoted. Climote chonge is expected to increose the frequency ond intensity of heovy roinstorms thot couse riverine flooding.

Bosed on the GIS onolysis, the City hos 551 improved porcels volued ot over $3OO million in the l -percent onnuol chonce floodploin. Bosed on this onolysis, which occounts for residents only ond not workers, 91190 residents ore living in the I -percent onnuol chonce floodploin throughout the City.

An odditionol 419 improved porcels ond $ 160.7 million in volue foll within the O.2-percent qnnuol chonce floodploin. Areos of the City vulneroble to fie O.2-percent onnuql chonce riverine flood ore home to 23,681 residents. Development in the O.2-percent onnuol chonce floodploin is typicolly not reguloted, thus o lorge flood event could be extremely domoging in the City. This informotion is summorized in Toble 6-.l6 below. Additionolly, o GIS vulnerobility ossessment wos conducted delineoting the oreos exposed to the coqstol 1-percent onnuol chonce flood hozord in the City.

Utilizing this dqto for on exposure onolysis, the City hos 32 improved porcels volued ot over $18 million locoted within the I -percent qnnuol chonce coostol floodploin. 142 Februory 2023

6.0. V ulnerobilifies Assessmenf
Toble 6-15. City of Corpinlerio FEMA Floodploin Exposure qnd Loss Properly
Type
lmproved
Porcel Counl Totql Volue Estimqted Loss Populolion
Riverine lo/o Annuol Chonce Floodploin Exposure ond loss Commerciol 't3 $28,348,O74 $7,O87,019
9,1 90
Exempt 4 $308,904 $zz,zz.o
lndustriol 5 $18,497,223 $4,624,306
Mixed Use 3 $4,332,258 $1,083,065
Residentiol 526 $250,693,286 $62,673,321
Totol 55t $3O2J79,744 $75,544,936
Riverrne 0.2o/o Annvol Chonce Floodplorn Exposure ond toss Commerciol 8 $2,262,698 $565,675
23,681
Exempt $o $o
Residentiol 4r0 $'t58,401,8tI $39,600,453
Totol 419 $t 60,664,509 $4o,166,127
Coosfol I o/o Annuol Chonce Floodplorn Exposure ond loss Residentiol 37 $1 8,1 84,314 $4,546,O79 340
As listed in Toble 6-17,1 6 criticol focilities in the City would be vulneroble lo domoge or destruction from 'f -percent or O.2-percent onnuol chonce flood (Figure 6-4i see olso, Section 6.3.3, Flood of the 2022 MJHMP). The moiority of tronsportotion criticol fqcilities locoted within o flood zone ore bridges, but other vulneroble focilities include lhe well ond woter treotment plonls, schools (i.e., Corpinterio High, Aliso Elementory, ond Rincon/Foothill High), the Gronvido Senior Living ond Memory Core, Sonsum Clinic, qnd two sewoge pump stotions. Hozqrdous moteriol focilities include the Wostewoter Treotment Plont ond sewoge pump stotions.

Toble 5-17 City of Corpinterio Criticol Focilities ol Risk to Flood Hqzqrd Type Criticql Focility Flood Hozord Totql Vqlue
Utilities High School Well Treotmenl Plont 'l o/o Annuol Chonce $1,500,000 Wostewoter Treotment Plont Wostewoter Treotment Plonl I 7o Annuol Chonce $800,000 Nursing Home Gronvido Senior Living ond Memory Core I %o Annuol Chonce Educotion Corpinterio High School 'I 7o Annuql Chonce $28,535,898 Educotion Aliso Elementory 'I 7o Annuol Chqnce $6,457,9O8 Educotion Rincon/Foothill High School I 7o Annuol Chonce $21O,720 Bridge 8 Bridges l7o Annuol Chonce
Utiliries Sewoge Pump Stotion I 0.2olo Annuol Chonce $2,000,000 Utilities Sewoge Pump Stotion 2 0.27o Annuol Chonce $'1,500,000 Woslewoler Treotment Plont Wostewoler Treotment Plont 0.270 Annuol Chonce $60,000,000 Clinic Sonsum Clinic-Corpinterio 0.2olo Annuol Chonce
City of Corpinterio Locol Hozqrd Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdiclionql Hozord Mitigotion Plon 143
I

6.0. V ulnerabilifies Assessmenf
Bqsed on this onolysis, in the event of o moior flood, domoge to the Woter Treotment plont or sewoge pump stotions con couse the systems to bockup qnd leqk effluent into the surrounding soil ond woter. Tronsportotion focilities, such os bridges olong Stote Route (SR-) 'l 92 ond Highwoy I Ol, moy be domoged or destroyed in o flood, compromising evocuotion routes ond deloying emergency response services. Residents, clientele of the Gronvido Senior Living ond Memory Core ond Sonsum Clinic, qnd students of Corpinterio High School, Aliso Elementory School, ond Rincon/Foothill High School moy need to be relocoted or evocuoted during o flood event; however, difficulties moy orise due to flood domoge to tronsportotion focilities ond mobility constroints of offected residents. lt should be noted thot the CUSD is considering odoptotion strotegies, including both on- ond offsite meosures ond regionol opprooches, to protect Aliso Elementory School from flooding, os identified in the City's 2Ol9 Seo Level Rise Vulnerobility Assessment ond Adoptotion Plon (SLRVAAP). The locotions of criticql focilities within the City relotive to rhe FEMA I -percenr onnuol chonce (1OO-yeor) flood qre shown in Figure 6-4.

Repelitive Ioss (R[) Properties
An RL property is defined by FEMA os "o property for which two or more Notionol Flood lnsuronce Progrom (NFIP) losses of ot leost $1,000 eqch hove been poid within ony l0 yeors since l g7g".

An R[ property moy or moy not be currently insured by fte NFlp.

As described in Section 4.9.7, Nofionol Flood lnsuronce Progrom, FEMA's RL doto shows thqt there hove been l8 properties in Corpinterio with multiple cloims ogoinst the NFlp. Four of these properties hove hod more thon three insuronce cloims, ond one of them hos hqd o totol of six cloims (City of Corpinterio 2O19). According to the City's 2019 SLRVAAP, 29 residenriol srrucrures ore vulneroble to domoge ond flooding from coostol hozords; on odditionol l64 residentiol structures become vulneroble with opproximotely 'l foot of seo level rise, 234 odditionol residentiql structures become vulneroble with opproximotely 2 feet of seo level rise, ond 264 odditionol residentiql structures become vulneroble with opproximotely 5 feet of seo level rise, for o totol of 769 structures. lt is onticipoted thot over time, seo level rise would result in repetitive loss to ot leost o portion of these structures (see Section 6.3.4, Cooslol Hozordsi City of Corpinterio 2Olg).

The City identified o need for on RL progrom in the 20'19 SLRVAAP to reduce domoge to privote property, iniury or loss of life, demond on emergency services, ond disruption to public services coused by frequent flooding ond ossocioted domqges for the RL properties in the City (see mitigotion oction 2022'26). Under on RL progrom, o property thot repeotedly experiences substontiol domoges from storms ond coostol flooding within o given period moy not be permitted to redevelop. lt is importont to note, however, rhe City intends to combine this odoptotion strotegy with other protection strotegies, such os o living shoreline ond beoch nourishment, which could provide on odditionol buffer for privote development from coostol hozords in the neor-term (see Section T.4,Mitigolion lmplemenlolion Plon). Nonetheless, in the mid- to long-term ond with higher elevqtions of seo level rise, protection strotegies moy be less effective ond could result in loss or domoge to privote property.
144 Februory 2023
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6.0. V ulnerobilifies Assessmenf

6.3.2 Mudflow & Debris Flow
As described in Section 5.3.2, Mudflow & Debrrs Flow, hillsides ond communities ot the bose of the Sontq Ynez mountoins ore especiolly ot risk of debris flows ond mudflows following wildfires. Three ocres (0.16 percent) of the City ore within Extreme risk ond 309 ocres (18.8 percent) of the Ci1y is within High risk for debris flows. As shown in Figure 6-5, criticot fqcilities locoted olong the creeks thot extend from the foothills towords the coost (i.e., Sonto Monico, Corpinterio, ond Gobernodor, creeks) hove been most recently ot risk for debris or mudflow. However, debris flow hozord mopping is not well developed in lhe City or surrounding County of Sonto Borboro with formol mopping confined'to these creeks due to the recent 2018 debris flows. ln oddition, properties locoted olong the bose of the Sonto Ynez Mountoins could olso be vulneroble.

Tronsportotion infrostructure is vulneroble to debris flow hozords, where bridges, culverts, ond roodwoys moy be woshed outor blocked by debris ond mud. Highwoy '10] ond SR-192 extend eost to west ond poss-through oreos susceptible to debris flow due to intersecting with multiple droinoges from the Sonto Ynez Mountoins, with this vulnerqbility demonstroted by severe domoge sustoined during the Jonuory 2O18 debris flows following the Thomos Fire. Following the debris flows, o 3O-mile section of Highwoy l01 wos closed for 13 doys (Robert D Niehous, lnc 2Ol8).

Multiple bridges olong SR-192 ond Highwoy l0'l were domoged. As such, in the event of mudslide or debris flow, these highwoys con be vulneroble to domoge or destruction.

As discussed in Section 6.3.1Q, Wildfire, in the event of on emergency the county would utilize existing olert systems qnd the county's website to distribute olerts ond emergency updotes.

However, these chonnels require prior plonning for recipients to olreody be signed up lo receive emergency notificqtions from the county ond hove occess to o relioble internel connection ondfor service provider, leoving populotions with limited resources, existing sociol or economic disporities, longuoge ond communicotion borriers, qnd distrust of government progroms, stoff, ond officiols vulneroble to noturol hozords such os mudflows ond debris flows. Emergency notificotion ond evocuotion efforts moy be hindered in Corpinterio where the potentiol for debris flow within developed communities is greotest.
146 Februory 2023
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6.0. V ulnerobi/ifies Assessmenl

6.3.3 liquefoction (Eorthquoke)
Eorthquoke-reloted vulnerobilities within the City were quontified using Hozus ond onolyzed in Section 6.2.1, Eorlhquoke (Ground shoking) obove. Vulnerobilities within the City ossocioted with liquefoction, which is often coused by eorthquoke ground shoking, ore discussed below.

As described in Section 5.3.3, Eorlhquoke ond Liquefocfion, the roting of high, moderote, ond low hozord is bosed on the proboble deplh to groundwoter with considerqtion given to proboble soil chqrocteristics. As shown in Figure 6-6, the moiority of oreos within the City of Corpinterio hove o high liquefoction severity closs. ln porticulor, low-lying oreos of the Cities of Corpinterio thot were constructed over historic solt morsh ond wetlond oreos ore vulneroble, such os the Beoch Neighborhood. High liquefoction vulneroble oreos of the City ore home to 7,760 residents ond ore volued ot $1,519,375,447. Regionol eorthquokes could couse liquefoction in the City, which could domoge buildings ond utilities when soils become unstoble.

As listed in Toble 6- I 8, 49 criticol focilities in the City would be vulneroble to domoge or destruction from liquefoction during o significont regionol eorthquoke (i.e., high liquefoction potentiol). These criticol focilities ot risk include focilities reloted to utilities, wostewqter treotment, clinics, emergency response stotions, veteron services, educotion, tronsportotion, ond nursing homes. Of those criticol focilities, those with the highest building volue include o wostewoter treqtment plont, schools, ond o fire stotion. No criticql focilities ore locoted in qreos with moderote liquefoction potentiol ond 8 criticol focilities ore locoted in oreos of the City with low liquefoction potentiol (see olso, Section

6.3.3, Liquefoclion (Eorthquoke) of the 2022 MJHM?).

Toble 6'18. City of Corpinterio Criticol Fqcilities in High Liquefoction Zones Type CdlicqlFocilily Liquefoction
Potentiql Tolql Vqlue
Reloy Stotion Rincon Peok Reloy Stotion Hish $98,226
Utiliries Verizon Hish
Sub Stotion Southern CA Edison - Substotion Hish
Urilities Sewoge Pump Stotion 7 Hish $5,000,000
Uriliries Sewoge Pump Stotion I Hish $2,000,000
Urilities Woter District Mointenonce Building High $2.266,000 Utilities Sewoge Pump Stotion 2 Hish $'1,500,000
Utilities Heodquorters Well High $1,500,000
Urilities High School Well Hish $ 1,500,000
Utilities El Corro Well High $ l,5oo,ooo
Urilities El Corro Well Filtrotion Plont Hish $1,500,000 Uriliries Woier Dislrict Moin Office High $ 1,400,000
Utiliries Sewoge Pump Stotion 4 High $ 1,000,000
Utiliries High School Well Treotment Plont Hish $800,000 Uiilities Heodquorters Well Control Building High $zoo,ooo Utilities Heodquorlers Well Enclosure High $9o,ooo
Wostewoter Treotmenl
Plont Wostewoter Treqtment Plont High $60,000,000
r48 Februory 2023
6,0. V ulnerabilities Assessmenf
Type Criticol Focilily Liquefoction
Potentiol Tolol Value
Clinic Sonsum Clinic-Co rpinlerio Hish
Clinic PHD Corpinterio Clinic Hish
EMS Stotion Corpinterio Summerlond - Fire Proiection District Stotion I
Hish
EMS Stotion Americon Medicol Response Stotion I High
Nursing Home Gronvido Senior Living ond Memory Core Hish Veteron Services Corpinterio Veterons" Memoriol Building Hish $ 1,652,801 Veteron Services Velerons' Memoriol Building Hish
Educotion Corpinterio High School Hish $28,535,898
Educotion Corpinterio Middle School High $ I 4,366,233
Educotion Conolino Elementory High $10,583,606
Educotion Aliso Elementory Hish $6,457,9O8
Educotion Corpinterio Children's Proiect ot Moin High $4,360,870 Educotion Rincon/Foothill High School High $21O,72O
Educotion CUSD District Office High
Educotion Corpinterio Fomily High
Educotion Conolino Elemeniory High
Educotion The Howord School Hish
Fire Stotion Corpinierio Fire Stotion I High $7,150,000 Governmenl Corpinterio Summerlond HQ Hish $60,000
Librory Corpinterio Public Librory Hish
Museum Corpinterio Volley Museum of History Hish
Bridge I I Bridges Hish
lndustriol Noturol Gos Odoront Corpinterio Oil ond Gos Low RMP Focilities Corpinterio Oil ond Gos Plont Low
Colleges / Universities lnternotionol Sports Sciences Associotion Low Government City Holl, Sheriff's Substotion, Moinienonce Low $4,436,787 Sheriff Corpinterio Sheriff's Stotion Low $111 ,767
Bridge 3 Bridges Low
City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 149
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6.O. V ulnerobilities,Assessmenf

6.3.4 Coqstql Hqzords
As described in Section 5.3.4, Coosfol Hozords, under current seo levels, shoreline oreos of the City ore vulneroble to bluff ond beoch erosion, wove impocts, ond flooding of low-lying oreos (City of Corpinterio 2019). Beoches buffer the shoreline from erosion, wove ottock, ond flooding, with beoch widths governed primorily by sediment input from coostol streqms ond storm wove erosion, with beoch width vorying significontly over time bqsed on ihese foctors. However, outside of oreos with historic wetlond ond dune complexes, such os Corpinterio Beoch, South Coost beoches generolly consist of q thin loyer of sond overlying rocky morine terroces.l Rising seo levels would omplify the domoging effects of coostql hozords. As seq level continues to rise, oreos thot would hove previously only been tempororily flooded or submerged during very high tides or strong storm condiiions would begin to be more consistently submerged or inundoted' by routine high tide inundotion.

For exomple, wilh opproximotely 2 feet of seo level rise, more extensive coqstol flooding ond coostol beqch erosion during storms could offecl properties, lond uses, ond infrostructure between both Ash ond Linden Avenues north of the Union Pocific Roilrood (UPRR), os well qs in the Corpinierio Stote Beoch compgrounds. Coqstol cliff erosion could continue to impoct the UPRR, recreqtionol troils, ond hobitots olong the Corpinterio Bluffs, but not ony structures. Coostol flooding moy olso begin encrooching through the Corpinterio Solt Morsh into the Beoch Neighborhood. Routine high tides would lorgely be confined to existing creek chonnels ond the Corpinterio Solt Morsh; however, during roin events, the increosed tide elevotions would likely bock up stormwoter drqins ond could couse extensive stormwoter flooding in low-lying neighborhoods (City of Corpinterio 2019).

With opproximotely 5 feet of seo level rise, coostol beqch erosion could extend through the first row of properties inlond of Sondylond Rood ond begin to offect dwellings qnd infrqstructure in the Concho Lomo neighborhood. Coostol flooding during o lorge storm wove event could expond in depths ond extend inlqnd into the Downtown Core olong Linden Avenue, offecting portions of the Old Town District inlond of the UPRR, Corpinterio Solt Morsh, ond oreos olong Fronklin Creek.

Coostol cliff erosion could continue to impoct the UPRR, recreotionol troils, ond hobitots olong the Corpinterio Bluffs ond potentiolly impoct one commerciol structure. Routine monthly high tides could inundqte much of the Downtown Beoch Neighborhood ond Corpinterio Stote Beoch inlond to the Tomol lnterpretotive Pork, even in oreos not directly connected due to doylighting, or the surfccing, of groundwoter due to tidol inundotions (City of Corpinterio 20,l9).

The rote of seo level rise is expected to increose over time due to the effects of climofe chonge ond globol worming, resulting in increosed flooding ond erosion hozords olong the €ity's coostol shoreline. The County of Sonto Bqrboro ond the City of Corpinterio hove both completed seo level rise studies with vorying opprooches to modeling ond ossocioted ossumptions. While eoch of these models is useful for generol initiol hozord plonning purposes ond represents the best ovoiloble tools, oll hove limitotions. As discussed further below, while the best ovoilqble tools, these limitotions t Wildfires ond floods con hove significont benefits to beoch width due potentiol lorge volumes of sond from oreos creeks reoching the shoreline. For exomple, historicolly wide beoches experienced during over o decode the lote l9Z0s ond eorly 1980s olong much of the South Coost ore thought to hove originoted from the 1 955 Refugio Fire ond subsequent heovy roins which left beoches such os Goleto Beoch over 400 feet in width (Noble Engineers, 2018). These wide beoches were heovily eroded during the historicolly severe I983 El Nino.

City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 151

6.0. V ulnerobilifies Assessmenf
moy couse the models in some instonces potentiolly to overstote the degree of seo level rise hozord.

According to the City's SLRVAAP,43 ocres of lond within the City ore currently vulneroble to coostol erosion ond flooding, ond 'lZ0 ocres ore proiected to be offected by opproximotely 5 feet of seo level rise (City of Corpinterio 2O19). According to Coostol Storm Modeling Sysrem (CoSMoS), o regionol model employed in the County's 201Z seo level rise study, by 2030, o IQ.2-inch seo level rise ond 1OO-yeor flood (refer to Section 6.3.1, Flood) is proiected to inundote 86 ocres (5.26 percent) of Corpinterio, porticulorly within the City's Beoch Neighborhood, occounting for 5.26 percent of the City. By 2060, seo level rise is proiected to increqse to 27.2 inches, inundoting 136 ocres (8.3 percent) of Corpinterio.

Approximotely 13'l improved porcels volued ot over $7g,73l,OOg ond o populotion of opproximotely 359 moy be ot risk to the proiected 2030 seo level rise. Under proiected 2060 seo level rise conditions,342 improved porcels volued ot $l5l ,092,437 ond o populotion of 9,18 moy olso be ot risk to coostol hozords from seo level rise (Toble 6-19). Domoges could be porticulorly severe wilhin the Beoch Neighborhood. Key coostol compgrounds ot Corpinterio Stote Beoches moy olso oll be vulneroble to increqsed domoge.

Toble 6-19. City of Corpinterio ql Risk to lhe 2030 ond 2060 Seo level Rise Hozord Yeor Acres lmproved
Pqrcel Count Totol Volue Populotion
2030 86 'r3r $79,731,OO9 359
2060 r36 342 $1s]',092,437 9r8
The City's SLRVAAP identifies 29 residentiol structures os vulneroble to domoge ond flooding from coostol hozords; on oddition ol 164 residentiol struclures become vulneroble with opproximotely I foot of seo level rise, 234 odditionol residentiol structures become vulneroble with opproximotely 2 feel of seo level rise, ond 264 qdditionol residentiol structures become vulneroble with opproximotely 5 feet of seo level rise, for o totol of 769 residentiol structures (Toble 6-2e; City of Corpinterio 20.l9). As described in Section 6.3.1, Flood,seo level rise is onticipoted to result in repetitive loss to ot leost o portion of these structures.

Tqble 6-20. Cily of Corpinterio Pqrcels ot Risk lo Seq Level Rise Hozqrd in SIRVAAp by lcnd Use Source: City of Corpinterio 20'l9
Seo level Rise Residentiql Commerciql
qnd Mixed Use lnduslriql Open Spoce &
Recreolionql Public Fqcililies
Exisling 79 I I 42 3
- I foot 164 I 3 4
'|
-2 feet 234 3 2 5 3
-5 feet 292 l6 4 8 2
Tolql 579 20 t0 59 9
1s2 Februory 2023
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6.0. V ulnerobilifies Assessmenl
However, this vulnerobility ossessment is bosed on long-term regionol models ihot cqnnot reflect the mitigoiing effects of locql conditions such os revetments, sond elevotions, beoch profiles, the distonce of structures from the shoreline, ond the construction of structures thot moy be oble to better withstond coostol hozords. Domoge from seq level rise cqn be substontiolly offected by locotion ond elevotion, the presence of hord structures or revetments, ond intervening structures between the focility ond the shoreline. For exomple, while the City of Corpinterio's 2019 SLRVAAP proiects substontiol flooding inlqnd through fte Corpinterio Sqlt Morsh, the model employed could not occount for the presence of l6-foot-high rock revetments fronting most of the Morsh which constrict tidol influx ond proiecied inlqnd tidol flooding possoge to the I OO-foot-wide Sonto Monico Creek oceon outlet. Similor modeling limitotions moy opply to the proiected extent ond depth of flooding of Corpinterio's Beoch Neighborhood (City of Corpinterio 2019).

A sond retention woll originolly constructed in 1977 Fronls the Corpinterio Shores oportments, ond smoll portions of revetment ore locoted ot the bose of Cositos Pier ond under the Corpinteriq Bluffs.

Tor Pits Pork, Corpinterio Stote Beoch, ond o portion of Son Miguel Compground qlso hove o smoll omount of shoreline protection. The protective feotures ot Son Miguel Compground consist of moteriols used os port of the former burn dump site ond were instolled in foll 2013 under o Development Plon ond Coostol Development Permits issued by the City. The City wos olso recently oworded gront funding to creote the Dune qnd Shoreline Monogement Plon, which includes developing severol options for o living shoreline. The purpose of this proiect is to plon for o living shoreline dune sysiem thot will protect the shoreline ond londwqrd infrostructure ogoinst coostql hozords qnd future seo level rise.

While there ore currently minimol shoreline revetments within the City, the City experiences some impocts lo Corpinterio City Beoch ot Ash Avenue os o result of the Sondylond Revetment. ln porticulor, on erosion hotspot hos been identified ot Ash Avenue locoted ot the end of the Sondylond Revetment within the City iurisdiction. Presently, opproximotely 10 to l5 feet (>l percent) of the opproximotely 2r8OO-foot-long rock revetment is ploced on the City Beoch within City iurisdiction. This smoll segment interocts with woves during most high tides in the winter. This wove ond revetment interoction couses occeleroting erosion ond is increosing the olongshore current velocities ond scour potentiol olong the revetmenl on Corpinterio City Beoch (City of Corpinterio 2019).

The County's model shows thot while none of the Cily's criticol focilities ore ot risk of becoming periodicolly or more frequently inundoted ond exposed to repeoted domoge by seo level rise by 2030, one focility (the Americon Medicql Response Stotion I ) is ot risk of domoge by seo level rise by 2060 (Toble 6-21) (see olso, Section 6.3.6, Coosfol Hozords of the 2022 MJHMP).

Toble 6-21 City of Corpinlerio Crilicol Focilities ot Risk to Seo level Rise Year FEMA Lifeline Type Criticql Focilily Address Tolql Volue
203
0 206
0 Heolth ond
Mediol
EMS
Siotion
Americon Medicol
Response Stotion I 4235 Corpinterio Ave
City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 155
Annex to the Sqnto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon

6.0. V ul nerobilifies Assessmenl
One of the City's most importont infrostruclure chollenges ossocioted with seo level rise is the need for efficient ropid droinoge of storm woter; however, the City's existing storm droin system locks the elevotion requirements necessory for o groviiy-flow system to occommodote current ond proiected storm events. Wilhin the Beoch Neighborhood, some storm droins ore locoted downgrodient from outfoll locotions, ot o lower elevqtion thon necessory for grovity flow, which is o problem thot becomes exocerboted during high tide storm events when outfolls con be inundoted.

Presently, the existing infrostructure is not olwoys oble to occommodote oll storm woter flow, which con flood portions of the Beoch Neighborhood ond Downtown. As seo levels rise, greoter portions of the system moy not droin during high tides ond during more of the tide cycle, which in turn moy increose storm wqter flood depths ond frequency. Culverts ond pipes moy olso creote bock flows of oceon woter into the neighborhoods. Ash Avenue ond Linden Field experience tidol inundotion with oreos of ponded flood woters from roinfoll event storm woter runoff. For the City, the storm woter infrqstructure thot is vulneroble to coostol hozords includes opproximotely 6 outlets, 3 outfolls, ond I mile of storm droins, which would likely require o moderotely sized storm wqter infrqstructure instollotion. Additionolly, storm woter is not diverted to the Corpinterio Wostewoter Treotment Plont for treotment ond no pumps exist to convey storm woter (City of Corpinterio 201 9).

6.3.5 Pondemic/Public Heolth Emergency
The City of Corpinterio, os well os the stote, notion, ond the entire world, is vulneroble to outbreoks, epidemics, ond pondemics coused by either newly emerging or existing diseoses spreod person to person, through o vector such os o mosquito, or both. A significont public heolth emergency con hove o consideroble impoct on the populotion, the economy, ond essentiql public services (e.g., fire ond police protection, medicol services, etc.).

Populotions identified by the county os especiolly vulneroble to humon heolth hozords include undocumented persons, senior citizens, senior citizens living olone, persons with existing chronic heqlth conditions, persons experiencing homelessness, overcrowded households ond neighborhoods, low-resourced ethnic minorities people of color, households in poverty, communities with o highpollution burden (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2021).

Undocumented or non-English speoking individuols moy be less oble to understond such pondemicreloted instructions or receptive to responding to government outreoch, while lower-income households moy lock the meons to comply with the direction. Trends of the COVID-19 pondemic further reveoled vulneroble groups within Sonto Borboro County populotion ond how such public heqlth emergencies hove the potentiol to offect the locol economy. For exomple, COVID-19 disproportionotely impocted the county's Hisponic/Lotino populotion. While Hisponics/Lotinos occounted for 48 percent of Sonto Borboro County's populotion they represented 59 percent of COVID-19 coses qnd 63 percent of hospitolizotions (Sonto Bqrboro County Public Heqlth Deportment 2022\ ln controst, Whites represented 1Z percent of coses while occounting for 43 percent of the populotion (Sonto Borboro County Public Heolth Deportment 2022). While Whites mode up 43 percent of deoths, mony of these deoths occurred ot skilled nursing homes ond other congregote core settings, which hove been highly impocted by the pondemic. As described in Section 5.3.5, PondemicfPublic Heohh Emergency, the County Public Heolth Deportment trocks the number of coses in the City olong with the South County unincorporoted oreqs of Montecito ond Summerlond. This region hos reported o totol of 3,207 confirmed COVID- 19 cqses ond 28 deoths {Sonto Borboro County Public Heolth Deportment 2022).
't56 Februory 2023

6.0. V ulnerobilifies Assessmenf
The doto found thot working-oge odults (18 to 49 yeors) hod the highest proportion of coses, with 20 yeor-olds being the 1O-yeor oge group with the most common coses (Sonto Bqrboro County Public Heolth Deportment 2O22I. Mony of these younger odults likely moke up o lorge proportion of students ond workers in frontline occupotions ond highly exposed industries, putting them ot greoter risk of controcting the virus. The COVID-19 pondemic olso presented o moior stroin on the Sonto Borboro County heolthcore system due to hospitolizotions of primorily the 50-69 ond 70* yeor-olds oge groups (33 percent ond 30 percent, respectively, of hospitolizotions countywide) (refer to Section 6.5.1 of the MJHMP).

The orrivol of the COVID-19 pondemic led to unprecedented notionwide economic reslrictions ond shutdowns. According to the 2021 Corpinterio Volley Economic Profile, over 700 iobs were lost in the Corpinterio Volley lobor morket in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pondemic. By mid-2021, most of these iobs hod been restored, ond full reinstotement of the workforce is expected to be complete by mid-2022 (City of Corpinterio 2O2'lo). During 2020, the most prominent iob losses were observed in two industries - lnformotion Services ond Accommodotion ond Food Services (i.e., hotels, restouronts, coterers, ond bors). The lorgest pondemic-reloted impoct on employment in the Corpinterio Volley occurred in the hotels ond restouronts. Job counts in Accommodotion ond Food Services declined shorply in 2O2O qs restouronts were forced to suspend in-person dining, bors were ordered to ceose operotions completely, hotels were subiected to o huge decline in demond, qnd coferers were impocted by the cqncelqtion of live events. However, very few restourqnts closed during the pondemic, ond the Accommodotion ond Food Services sector begon ropid recovery since lhe stote opened up entirely in June 2021 (City of Corpinterio 2021ol.

Additionolly, os described in Section 5.3.22, the Corpinterio Volley Mosquito Abotement District monitors the estuory for mosquitoes during the roiny seoson ond treots vorious sites to reduce or eliminote the notive mosquito species, which con corry molorio (e.g., Anopheles sp.), or encepholitis (e.9., Culex sp.).

6.3.6 Energy Shortoge & Resiliency
Energy disruptions qre considered q form of lifeline system foilure. Electricity service is olso highly vulneroble becouse it is highly dependent on electricql tronsmission lines ond substotions functioning properly. Much of the City's electricql lines ore locoted in oreos oi risk for hozords (e.9, in high fire risk ond flood hozord oreos). For exomple, most of the electricol tronsmission lines thot serve the City run through the Sonto Ynez Mountoins, moking them susceptible to service disruption in the event of o wildfire or londslide (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2021).

As described in Section 5.3.6, Energy Shorfoge & Resiliencn since the entire City is served by SCE, o moior interruption of service in the South Coqst plonning region could result in oll service within the City likely being denied. lf this existing tronsmission network were to be disrupted, metered customers would foce extended blockouts, preventing the use of criticol services such qs electric medicol devices, troffic lights, retoil businesses, grocery stores, gos stotions, ATMs, ond bonks.

Power outoges ond communicotion system foilures con directly horm the economy, government operotions, public sofety, ond hinder recovery efforts. Tronsportotion moy olso be disrupted during o power outoge for Amtrok os well os populotions thot use electric vehicles ond therefore rely on electric vehicle chorging stotions.

City of Corpinterio Locql Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon 157

6.0. V vlnersbilifies Assessmenl
Additionolly, the City is vulneroble to power outoges during PSPS, which would occur when Southern Colifornio Edison (SCE) shuts off the electric power to protect public sofety during extreme weother conditions (refer to Section 6.3.8, Exlreme Heolf Freeze qnd Section 6.3.19, Windstorml. ln extreme heot conditions, increoses in qir conditioning use con stress ond overlood the grid, cousing power outqges ond potentiol domoge to electricity tronsmission lines ond substotions. During severe wind events, electricity tronsmission lines con be domoged or turned off by SCE, cousing widespreod power outoges ond hordships for City residents. During o PSPS, oll customers serviced by on offected power line would hqve their power shut off, ond such power outoges could lost multiple doys depending on the severity of the weother ond other foctors (e.g., wildfire risk).

As climote chonge increoses the frequency ond intensity of reloted wildfire ond weother hozords, energy disruptions ore likely to occur more frequently ond lost longer. Predicted increqses in heotwoves, os well os increosingly severe winter storms, would put greoter stroin on SCE energy focilities throughout the City.

6.3.7 Drought & Woter Shortcge
Prolonged droughts con deplete regionol surfoce woter storoge ond decreose groundwoter rechorge, offecting two primory woter sources for the Corpinterio Volley Woter District (CVWD), the potoble woter purveyor for the Corpinterio community. Locolly, drought con impoct woter reservoirs included in the Cochumo Proiect, porticulorly Loke Cochumo, from which CVWD receives the moiority of its surfoce woter supplies. As of November 9, 2021, Cochumo Reservoir, o key woter supply for the entire South Coost, wqs reported to be ot 48.1 percent copocity (refer to Toble 5-6 of the MJHMP) (County Flood Control2O2l).

Droughts con impoct the level of woter supplies fhot the City hos for drinking woter, fire-fighting purposes, ond the ogricuhure industry. lncome-constroined communities within the City moy struggle to poy for increosed wqter utility bills thot moy occur during drought or q continuing climote crisis (sonto Borboro county Plonning qnd Development Deportmenr 2o2r).

Drought con olso hove mony secondory impocts. For exomple, drought is o moior contributor to increosed wildfire hozords, in thot it creotes o greoter propensity for fire storts ond lorger, more prolonged conflogrotions fueled by excessively dry vegetotion, olong with reduced woter supply for firefighting purposes. See Section 6.3.1O, Witdfire for greoter detqil on vulnerobility to wildfire risk. During droughts, overdroft (when groundwoter rechorge connot keep up with groundwoter extroction) of the Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin con occur. While sustoined groundwoter overdroft is reloted to long-term trends in the bolonce between groundwoter withdrowols ond rechorge, droughts increose demond on groundwoter bosins while decreosing or even eliminoting rechorges ond replenishment, sometimes for multiple yeors. Such droughts con deloy the recovery of groundwoter bosins even during wet yeors ond cquse problems such os declines in woter quolity, drying of surfoce creeks ond wetlonds, etc. As described in Section 5.3.7, Drought & Wofer Shorfoge, the Corpinterio Groundwqter Bosin is identified os High or Medium priority bosins subiect to criticol conditions of overdroft (refer to Figure 5-6 of the MJHMP; Colifornio Deportment of Woter Resources [DWR] 2Q21a). Groundwoter overdroft often leqds to subsidence, the lowering of the lond-surfoce elevotion (see Section 6.3..l8, Geologic Hozords). Drought con olso prevent doms ond wostewoter infrostructure from functioning properly. Without roinfoll ond river flow during periods of drought, beoch sediments qre not replenished, moking beoches smoller ond more 'r58
Februory 2023

6.0. V ulnerobilities Assessmenl
vulneroble to coostol hozqrds reloted to seo level rise (refer to Section 6.3.4, Coosfol Hazords) (usGS 2O17).

Climote chonge hqs the potentiol to moke drought events more common in the City of Corpinterio (DWR 2021c). Extreme heot creotes conditions more conducive for the evoporotion of moislure from the ground, increosing the possibility of drought ond qffecting both CVWD's locol surfoce woter supplies ond groundwoter rechorge. As described in Section 5.3.7, Drought & Wofer Shorfoges, chonging precipitotion potterns ore onticipqted to increose the severity of episodic severe storms; however, droughts would likely lost longer ond hoppen more frequently becouse of more voriobility in precipitotion extremes (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Development Deportment 2021l,.

As described in Section 5.3.7,Drought &Woler Shodoge, CVWD uses o six-stoge rotioning plon during declored woter supply shortoges thot include voluntory qnd mondotory rolioning, depending on the cquses, severity, ond onticipoted durotion of the shortoge (refer to Toble 5-5).

To oddress potentiol woter shortoges in the future, CVWD is plonning for future odditionol woter supplies such os potoble reuse viq the Corpinterio Advonced Purificotion Proiect (CAPP). The CAPP will produce odvqnced treoted recycled woter thqt will be iniected into ihe Corpinterio Groundwoter Bosin to be stored ond loter extrqcted to meet potoble demonds. The CAPP is expected to begin delivering woter in 2026, ond produce opproximotely 11000 ocre-feet per yeor (AFY) of relioble, drought-proof locol supply.

6.3.8 Exlreme Heot/Freeze
As described in Section 5.3.8, Exlreme HeolfFreeze, coostol communities, such os the City, hove lower temperotures on qveroge compored to communities in the inlond oreos of the county ond could be less qt risk to extreme temperotures. Although temperotures qre lower in coostql oreos, it is still dongerous when temperoiures ore higher thon usuol becouse people ore potentiolly less occlimotized to high temperotures if they occur ond moy not hove the resources to cope wilh extreme temperotures (Sonto Borboro County Plonning ond Developmenl Deportment 2021). For exomple, people moy be less owore of the behoviors thot con reduce exposure (e.9., reduce octivity level or go to on oir-conditioned locqtion) or reduce physiologic stress (e.9., oppropriote hydrotion), ond the built environment moy not be designed for extreme heot or freeze conditions (e.g., homes, workploces, ond institutions ore less often equipped with oir conditioning or it is inodequote for extreme or prolonged heot events). Even in oreqs equipped with oir conditioning, the increqsed use of oir conditioners during heot woves (or heoters during extreme cold events) moy overlood demonds for electricity ond leqd to power outoges, which presents heolth concerns to individuols outside in the femperotures. Electricql power outoges moy impoct response copobilities or core copobilities for hospitols ond clinics in the City. Criticol infrostrucfure such os woter pumping stotions thot rely on public utility systems could qlso be overlooded ond moy result in impocts during exlreme heot events.

While extreme heot rorely domoges buildings, both extreme heot qnd freeze con couse domoge to utility ond tronsportotion infrostructure. Woter infrostructure is ot risk from freezing during extreme cold events, including line breoks ond frozen volve gofes offecting the woter distribution system. The City wrops pipes before freezing temperoture evenls to help prevent domoge. Both City of Corpinterio Locol Hozord Mitigotion Plon
Annex to the Sonto Borboro County Multi-Jurisdictionol Hozord Mitigotion Plon r59
6,0. Vulnerobilities Assessrnenf
extreme heot ond freeze con olso impoct tronsportotion conditions lhrough increosed weor ond stress on ospholt roods ond bridges. Exposed populotions moy be qt risk while woiting for public tronsportotion, porticulorly when combined with wind-chill, ond some vehicles moy not stort, which impocts the commute of the workforce ond, in worst-cose scenorios, the movement of emergency services personnel.

The elderly, children, people in poor physicol heolth, qnd the homeless ore olso vulneroble to exposure. However, ony populotions working or recreoting outdoors during periods of extreme cold or heot ore exposed, including olherwise young ond heolthy odults ond homeless populotions.

Extreme heot poses the greotest donger for Corpinterio Volley's outdoor loborers who support the City's ogriculture economy. Exertionol heot illness olso occurs in the following industries ond occupotions: construction, firefighting, wo rehousing, delivery, ond service work.

Although infrequent in the City, prolonged freezing temperotures con domoge or destroy crops, offecting the economy ond ogriculturol iobs in Corpinterio Volley. Freezing temperotures occurring during winter ond spring growing seosons con couse extensive crop domoge, impocting formers ond potentiolly cousing significont increoses in food prices to the consumer due to shortoges.

Freezing spells ore likely to become less frequent os climote temperotures increose.

6.3.9 Dom Fqilure
Vulnerobility to dom foilures is confined to the oreqs ond populotions subiect to inundotion downstreom of the focility. As described in Section 5.3.9, Dom Foilure, there ore two doms in the City of Corpinterio: Sonto Monico Debris Bosin ond Corpinterio Dom. Bqsed on dom inundotion dotq from the County, DWR, ond Notionol lnventory of Doms, foilure of Sonto Monico Debris Bosin would inundote portions of the City, os well os Highwoy l0l ond SR-192, wirh little evocuotion time (Figure 6-9).