4.6.3 Neighborhood Parks: These smaller and locally accessible parks are intended to provide close-by pedestrian access to recreation areas for residents of all ages and interests. These smaller parks will be located towards the north (at Rio Hondo Road) and south (east side of Rio Hondo Road and Rio Veracruz Road) boundaries. sLocated on the four corners of intersecting local collector streets, each park of 14,400 S.F. is intended to serve those homes within a quarter mile walk of the park. Situated on the four corners, each park may be reached from the neighborhood it serves without crossing a local collector. The developer of the adjacent neighborhood is responsible for the design, development and construction of these neighborhood parks.
4.6.4 The final major element of the Open Space Plan is the boulevard median, designated for multi-purposes and designed as a desert dry wash. In many ways it is the landscape treatment of this median that sets the tone and theme for the entire village. The landscape is native trees, shrubs and ground covers mixed with abundant local color.
The ground surface is crushed stone into which is woven a meandering trail of stabilized decomposed granite. There will be paved sidewalks along the Rio Vista Road edge of the median and accents of crushed rock and landscape plantings for visual interest. Depressed an average of 8 feet to accommodate its role as retention basin, its 100-foot width and mile-long consistent landscape treatment will establish a powerful and definitive theme of Mesquite grove,trees and/or grove groupings of other climate appropriate trees, amid a natural desert environment.
4.6.5 Common Open Space: Every lot less than 7,200 SF in area is required to provide an additional 500 SF of common open space area available for use by all the community's residents. Rio Vista Village provides an amount of common open space that exceeds the requirement and approval of this specific plan will constitute approval of the common open space requirement. Individual projects will not be required to provide additional calculations validating open space provisions. This requirement is not applicable to the PAs the 2024 Amendment Area.
4.7 LANDSCAPE MASTER PLAN
Rio Vista Village is a unique "new" community for Coachella Valley and Cathedral City. The vision borrows from the desert landscape and distinctive images of the Southwest. -38-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 A The dominant visual character of the project is best described as a vast grove of Mesquite, and/or other climate appropriate trees, punctuated at several locations by Desert Date Palm clusters that become the regional icon and identifiable feature for Rio Vista Village. The Mesquite grove's character will be that of an "oasis", of cool shade and filtered sunlight; a fine-textured canopy of delicate foliage, creating a transparent "lid" to the community.
B The grove occurs in its strongest form along the boulevard, flanking each side of the Linear Park "Wash". Double and triple rows of Mesquite, and/or other climate appropriate, trees will be planted on either side of the sidewalk, and within front yards of homes by the Merchant Builder. With a less dense canopy, the Mesquite grove will transition to each neighborhood, through the grid of trees.
C To provide for unique neighborhood character, similar varieties of trees, such as Palo Verde, Jacaranda and Mimosa will be used to identify special neighborhoods, or communities, within Rio Vista Village. These will be located at corners and in clusters, to provide a strong neighborhood identity.
D Precise landscape plans will be prepared for each development and/or tract within the village. At that time a specific tree schedule will be prepared and approved that provides for a mix of sizes, including larger and more mature trees that will impart the sense of a mature grove that is the essence of the landscape concept.
E Precise landscape plans for each phase will be prepared that illustrate in detail the proposed landscape treatment and how the concept is being executed in specific areas.
4.8 DRAINAGE AND GRADING PLAN
The site generally drains from northwest to southeast. It is proposed that Boulevard Retention Areas as well as the Verona Retention Areas be used to retain 100% of the stormwater runoff from a 100 year 243-hour storm. Based on the Land Use Plan for Rio Vista Village approximately 60 acre-feet of totalTotal storage capacity shall account for is required to retain the 100 year 243-hour storm. The Boulevard Retention Areas are 7.5 acres in size and have a capacity of 54 acre-feet.
The Verona Retention Areas are 4 acres in size and have a total capacity of 15 acre-feet. If additional stormwater storage volume is required, underground storage chambers will be installed to provide additional capacity. In addition, Tthe Morongo Creek Stormwater Channel, the neighborhood park, the roundabouts, and portions of the school site and the swimming lagoon will not contribute contribute to the stormwater runoff that must be retained and would be passed through downstream.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 -40-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 -41-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 -42-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 *MF-4 Multi-family dwelling at a density not to exceed 24 DU/AC *Amended 2016
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Refer to Table 3-1 for the statistical summary related to the 2024 Amendment. -44-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Exhibit 4-F: Phasing Plan (As Amended 2024)
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
Exhibit 4-G: Circulation Plan (As Amended 2024)
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 *Changes from 1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan include the Neighborhood Park locations and Open Space locations within 2024 Specific Plan Amendment Aarea.
SYMBOL OPEN SPACE ELEMENT
A Rio Vista Drive detention basin: These elements are designed to accommodate the 100-year stormwater run-off on-site. Each link in the corridor is 100’ wide, approximately 8 feet deep with sloping sidewalks not exceeding 4:1. Within the basins will be located a PAR course, and frequent opportunities for strolling and resting. The entire length of the corridor is landscape in xeriscape to reinforce the concept of a village set within a grove of mesquite groveand/or other climate appropriate trees in the desert environment.
B Verona Street detention basin: A 40’ wide landscape detention basin running parallel to Verona along the entire southern boundary of the site except for the commercial site.
C Village Commons: The Village Commons is a 2.88- acre park intended to serve the residents of Rio Vista Village and their guests.
D Neighborhood Parks: Each park is located to serve the residents of a local neighborhood without having to cross a local collector street. Parks vary in size with the minimum size being 0.15 acres.
The parks will be designed by the developer of the neighborhoods served.
E Entry Feature Park: This .44- acre passive park is the location of the entry monument, a landscape and architectural feature announcing the village to those approaching from Landau.
F City Park Community Recreation Park: This 4- acre park is conceptually designed as a water park utilizing a swimming lagoon, picnic areas and sandy beaches. Parking is shared with the commercial center. with a recreation building, a pool, and a sport court.
G Open Space
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Exhibit 4-H: Open Space Plan (As Amended 2024)
4-I.1: Community Recreation and Entry Monument
4-I.2: Village Commons
4-I.3: Boulevard Parkway
4-I.4: Boulevard Median – Desert Dry Wash
4-I.5: Neighborhood Parks
4-I.6: Open Space
Exhibit 4-I: Landscape Master Plan (As Amended 2024)
Rio Vista Village is a unique “new” community for Coachella Valley and Cathedral City. The vision borrows from the desert landscape and distinctive images of the Southwest. The dominant visual character of the project is best described as Mesquite and/or other climate appropriate trees, punctuated at several locations by Desert Date Palm clusters that become the regional icon and identifiable feature for Rio Vista Village. The grove’s character will be that of a fan “oasis,” of cool shade and filtered sunlight; a fine-textured canopy of delicate foliage, creating a transparent “lid” to the community. The grove occurs in its strongest from along the boulevard, flanking each side of the Linear Park “Wash.” Double and triple rows of Installation of Mesquite and/or other climate appropriate trees will be planted on either side of the sidewalk, and within front yards of homes. With a less dense canopy, the Mesquite grove will transition to each neighborhood, through the grid of trees. To provide for a unique neighborhood character, similar varieties of trees, such as Palo Verde, Jacaranda and Mimosa will be used to identify special neighborhoods, or -48-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 communities, within Rio Vista. These will be located at corners and in clusters to provide a strong neighborhood identity.
Community Recreation Park (As of March 2024- Prior to SPA Approval) -49-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Exhibit 4-I-1: Community Recreation Park Conceptual Design (as Amended 2024) Final design of the Community Recreation Park Facility Expansion will require an administrative design review application along with the site plan, landscape plans, and conceptual grading. -50-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Exhibit 4-I.3 Conceptual Boulevard Parkway Park (As Amended 2024) (Conceptual Only. New Park designs will be reviewed through the Planning Department). -52-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Exhibit 4-I.4 Conceptual Boulevard Median Dry Wash (As Amended 2024) (Conceptual Only. New Park designs will be reviewed through the Planning Department). -53-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Exhibit 4-I.5 Conceptual Neighborhood Park (As Amended 2024) (Conceptual Only. New Park designs will be reviewed through the Planning Department.) -54-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 -55-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 SECTION 5.0
DEVELOPMENT PLAN REGULATIONS
5.1 USES PERMITTED
The following uses are permitted in accordance with the provisions of this section. All development is subject to approval of the appropriate development application and is subject to all provisions of this specific plan as well as all other applicable ordinances and regulations of the City.
5.1.1 PERMITTED RESIDENTIAL USES: The following residential uses are permitted:
A Within all residential planning areas:
(1) Single-family dwellings on individual lots, including detached guest suites, studios, etc.
(2) Attached or detached garages and carports.
(3) Adult age-restricted dwellings in compliance with CCMC Section 9.98. and/or projects.-
B Single-family detached dwellings within condominium regimes C Within use classification "MF" in Planning Area 1.0:
(1) Attached dwellings are permitted. These dwelling may be in condominium ownership or may be developed as rental properties. Related recreational and support service uses such as recreation facilities, swimming pools, restrooms, enclosed storage areas, meeting rooms, management office and manager's unit are also permitted.
(2) Cluster single family dwellings on lots no smaller than 2000 SF.
D Assisted care facilities in Planning Area 2.2
E Second Accessory Dwelling Units meeting City Zoning criteria with one of the units having the owner in residencein accordance with Government Code Section 65852.2.
F Recreation uses reserved for village residents and guests such as parks and play fields.
G Home occupations.
H Market/Grocer: An alternative to the development of the Neighborhood Commercial site shall allow the development of a ground floor grocery market of less than 2000 square feet where the use is located adjacent to the Village Commons, the owner/operator is a resident of the property residing in an attached residential unit, alcohol and tobacco sales are prohibited and a Conditional Use Permit is approved by the City.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
5.1.2 PERMITTED COMMERCIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL USES: The following uses are permitted within the Commercial-Institutional use classification:
A Neighborhood serving retail uses such as but not limited to: Grocery store, pharmacy, dry goods, jewelry store, clothes, bookstore, florist shop, and pet supplies.
B Neighborhood commercial services such as bakery, dry cleaning, laundry, tailor, barber shop, bank, medical/dental/chiropractic clinics, beauty salon and cafe.
C Professional and office use such as accountants, insurance firms, engineers and attorneys.
D Institutional uses such as churches, day-care facilities, private schools E Commercial (Reserve), Planning Area 1.8: Uses proposed in this area shall require approval of the Planning Commission with a finding that the use accommodates the needs of the residents of the area or is a compatible ancillary use. Mini-storage units and self-storage uses restricted for the use of residents of Rio Vista Village are examples of uses that would meet the intent of this regulation.
F All uses in Section 5.1. 3
G A Conditional Use Permit is required to permit the development of a mixed-use commercial/residential project combining a single proprietor's or employee's unit attached to a commercial use exclusively serving neighborhood needs whose commercial component may not exceeding 5000 square feet in gross area.
5.1.3 PERMITTED RECREATION USES: The following recreational uses are permitted:
A Community recreation facilities such as, but not limited to water parks, play fields and courts, open turf areas, picnic areas, tot lots, passive groves and landscaping, courts and sculptural elements, monuments, and other similar uses B Management offices, restrooms, storerooms for the exclusive use of the management of the facility for storage of equipment and material required for the operation of the recreation facility.
5.1.4 USES PERMITTED BUT NOT SPECIFICALLY LISTED: Any use not listed as permitted may follow the Similar Use Determination per the Zoning Code. -57-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
5.1.5 DEFINITIONS AND USE OF TERMS: The use of new urbanism and neo-traditional planning concepts requires some new descriptive language. The application of the specific plan regulations in this section uses the following terms.
TERM APPLICATION
Bays: Bays are projections from exterior
walls in which windows or other interior
features are located and are supported as
extensions (cantilevers) of the walls.
Applies to required setbacks and
permitted encroachments
Buildable Area/Building Envelope: This
is the area within which the structure
may be constructed. Typically, this
includes all areas within the setback
lines.
Applies to all construction within the
village.
Common Open Space: Open space
provided for use by any resident or guest
of Rio Vista Village.
Required in the amount of 500 square
feet for every lot with less than 7200
square feet in area.
Exterior Property Line: That portion of
an individual lot’s property lines that is
co-terminus with a public street, private
park or dedicated Right of Way.
Applies to standard residential lotting
approaches.
Front Yard Setback: The required
setback along the narrowest street
frontage of an individual lot except for
lots specifically designed to be wider
than they are deep. In the case of lots
fronting parks, the Front Yard is
typically the narrowest property line of
the lot facing a publicly accessible area
Applies to all residential lotting
approaches. In multi-family and
condominium projects, front yard
setbacks are applied to any structure
adjacent to a street or public right-ofway or are measured from an imaginary lot line set midpoint between two
adjacent buildings.
Garden Walls: Low walls located anywhere
within required setbacks and not exceeding
30 inches in height
Applies to lotting approaches in which
owners may landscape front and side yard
setback areas. Garden walls in the front
setback may not intrude into the projection
of the side setback line within the front yard
Hollywood Drive: A single lane private
residential driveway consisting of two 30
inch wide concrete wheel ribbons separated
by a 36 inch landscaped strip
Applies to all lotting approaches in which
private garages access the public street via
such drives. Where external structural
supports are used to build over the drive, a
gated opening of 8 feet is permitted, beyond
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
TERM APPLICATION
that a minimum of 10 feet clear space is
required.
Interior Property Line: The property line
between two adjacent lots lying effectively
perpendicular to the front property line.
Applies to all lotting approaches.
Lot Line Corner Cut-Off: That portion of the
lot line set 9 feet behind the property line at
corner conditions and intersections.
Applies to all residential lotting patterns.
Lot Line: The line from which setback
regulations are measured.
Applies to all lotting approaches.
Paseo: A pedestrian only walkway that
can connect from sidewalks to front
entries or in between structures.
Applies to all lotting approaches.
Patio/Court: A patio or court is an enclosed
private or semi-private area within a
required setback area reserved for the use of
the resident and open to the sky except for
permitted projections.
Applies to any residential type as well as
commercial and institutional developments.
Porch Rails or Walls: Porch rails may be
solid to 30" above the porch finish floor.
Openable enclosures are permitted to screen
the sun and block the impacts of wind.
The wall above 30 inches may be enclosed
by openable shutters, grilles or other similar
assemblies that when open, admit a clear
view into the porch.
Porch: A covered ground floor space
adjacent to the dwelling with open sides
(exclusive of permitted guardrails) and
accessible from the interior spaces to which
it is attached.
Applies to any residential project using
porches.
Private Open Space: Open space reserved
exclusively for the use of the residents of a
dwelling unit.
Applies to all dwelling units.
Property line: The legal line defining the
limits of ownership of a lot or residential
parcel
Applies to any legal parcel within the village
boundaries.
Public Use Easement: (PUE) An easement
over private property reserving the area for
public uses.
Applies to all residential projects and is the
area within which sidewalks and parkways
occur.
Rear Yard Setback: The setback required
from the rear property line of the lot.
Applies to all residential structures in any
use classification or housing type.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
TERM APPLICATION
Second dwelling units: Units developed on a
single family lot in addition to the primary
dwelling. Such units must meet affordable
housing criteria and may not exceed 25% of
the total number of permitted
units.Accessory dwelling Units. units in
accordance with Governent Code Section
65852.2.
Applies to single family detached dwellings
with service lanes. As defined in
Government Code Section 65852.2.
Service Lane: A minimum 20-foot-wide
lane suitable for vehicular traffic including
service, utility and emergency vehicles set to
the rear of a residential lot and providing
access to private garages.
Applies to any residential project utilizing
the service lane concept.
Setback Line: The line to which construction
of the dwelling or garage must conform.
Applies to all residential structures in any
use classification or housing type.
Shading Devices: Any appropriate
architectural feature designed to provide
shading. Examples range from awnings, sun
screens, overhangs, and fin walls to shutters,
grilles, treillage, and lattice work.
May project into required setbacks 30 inches
and up to 48 inches with Director approval.
Shared Side Yard: A side yard reserved for
the adjacent unit's use through the
application of an exclusive use easement.
Used in projects that design one side of the
structure devoid of access and limiting
openings to the upper floor only.
Side Yard Setback The setback required
from the lot line in side- yard situations.
Applies to all residential structures in any
use classification or housing type.
Solar Wall/ Brise Soleil: A wall constructed
to limit the intrusion of the sun and located
anywhere within the buildable area of the
lot. In no case may solar walls be higher
than the highest adjoining parapet or peaked
roof.
Applies to residential design solutions to
control solar heat gain.
Standard Porch: A porch with a minimum
dimension of 8 6 feet.
Applies when the 10 foot front yard setback
is desired. The porch area behind the 15 foot
front setback must be equal to the enclosed
area encroaching beyond the 15 foot
standard front yard setbackApplies to all residential home types.
Standard Sidewalk Pattern: The standard
sidewalk pattern in Rio Vista Village is a
four-foot-wide parkway and a five-foot-wide
sidewalk. In the typical condition the back
of sidewalk is coincident with the lot line.
Applies to all residential projects in the
village.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
TERM APPLICATION
The street side of the PUE occurs 1 foot
from the face of curb.
Zero Side Yard: The condition in which a
dwelling is built to one side property line
and no openings in that wall of the structure
are permitted. The open side yard (the yard
opposite the zero side) is double the normal
width.
Applies to those projects electing to use the
zero side yard approach
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
5.2 GENERAL RESIDENTIAL SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS (Apply only to development completed prior to 2024). The following standards establish the permitted densities, setbacks, heights and massing requirements for the design of individual homes and multi-family attached dwellings on parcels within the project. [Refer to Section 5.9 for Development Standards pertaining to projects within the 2024 Specific Plan Amendment Area.]
5.1.65.2.1 ALLOWABLE DENSITIES BY LOT SIZE.
TYPE USE SYMBOL MAX DENSITY
DU/AC
MIN AREA
(SF)
SFD R-4 8 4000
SFD R-5 6.5 5000
SFD R-6 5.5 6000
SFD R-8 4.5 8000
TYPE USE SYMBOL MAX DENSITY
DU/AC
MIN AREA
(SF)
CLUSTER SFD R-2 15 2000
RENTALS MF 2 20
ATTACHED OR SFD
(CONDO)
ASF MF 4 1524
NOTES:
A SFD: Individual lots suitable for single-family dwellings in a variety of sizes at a variety of densities. These lots and houses may be owned in any manner consistent with City of Cathedral City ordinances.
B CLUSTER SFD: Small lots with detached dwellings arranged in non-traditional clusters, frequently using private auto courts or common drives and arranged without requiring frontage along public streets. For Cluster SFD Residential Site Plan Development Standards, refer to Section 5.8.
C RENTALS: Multi-family units in a common structure.
D ATTACHED SFD: Attached dwellings of any ownership type which may be owner occupied or rented.
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5.1.75.2.2 SETBACK REQUIREMENTS FOR RESIDENTIAL SITES
A STANDARD FRONT SETBACK: 15 feet.
B REDUCED FRONT SETBACK: 10 feet with the use of a standard porch.
C STANDARD SIDE SETBACK: 5 feet
D SIDE SETBACK WITH DRIVEWAY: 12 feet minimum. Above 8 feet in height, second story enclosed space may project to the standard side setback by 2 feet (maximum).
E SHARED SIDE SETBACK: 5 feet.
F ZERO SIDE SETBACK: Zero feet: no projections, encroachments or openings permitted.
G CORNER SIDE SETBACK: 10 feet.
H REDUCED SIDE SETBACK: 5 feet with the use of a standard porch.
I REAR SETBACK WITH SERVICE LANE: Dwellings: 5 feet. Garages: 5 feet.
J REAR SETBACK: 15 feet.
K ENCROACHMENTS AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
(1) Fireplaces, bays, cornices, eaves and other similar architectural features may project a maximum of 30 inches into required front setbacks, a maximum of 24 inches elsewhere.
(2) Shading devices may project a maximum of 30 inches into required front setbacks, a maximum of 24 inches elsewhere unless waived by the Director of Community Development with validating documentation. (3) Garden walls no higher than 30 inches may be constructed immediately behind the front and side lot lines.
(4) Patio/court walls may be constructed up to 6 feet in height behind the front and side lot lines.
(5) Within the building envelope walls up to 8 feet in height may be constructed.
(6) Pools and spas must provide a minimum of 5 feet of lateral clearance to any adjacent lot line.
(7) Solar walls may be constructed to a two-story height anywhere within the building envelope.
(8) A 3-inch thick, 30 inch by 48 inch concrete slab must be provided along the rear fence/wall directly accessible from the service lane for the placement of trash receptacles.
(9) Fences/walls adjacent to garages on service lanes must provide a 5-foot corner cutoff between the garage corner and the service lane ROW to provide additional visibility for vehicles backing out of garages.
L MULTI-FAMILY PROJECTS: In all circumstances where this specific plan is silent on an issue of development standards for multi-family projects, refer to the -63-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 applicable section of the R-3 or R-4 regulations of the Zoning Code. [Refer to Section 5.9 for Development Standards pertaining to multi-family projects within the 2024 Specific Plan Amendment Area.]
5.1.85.2.3 SETBACK REQUIREMENTS FOR DETACHED GARAGES
A Access to Service Lanes: Minimum 5 foot setback to service lane ROW. A total of 25 feet of backup space is required including the width of the service lane.
B Side Setback: 5 feet standard or 3 feet with Director approval. Zero feet when zero side yard is used.
C Access to Local Street: 25' behind lot line for side entry condition. 25 feet behind the front setback line for garages facing the street.
D Corner Lot Condition to Service Lane: 5'. A total of 25 feet of backup space is required including the width of the service lane.
E Corner Lot Side Access to Local Street/Local Collector Street: Either 5 feet or a minimum of 18 feet.
5.1.95.2.4 SPACE BETWEEN BUILDINGS: For purposes of developing multi-family projects that do not follow the standard block pattern, adjacent buildings shall be presumed to have a property line/lot line between them.
A The standards for setbacks shall define the required building separations.
Buildings with entries facing each other across an open space, courtyard or plaza shall be deemed to be facing front to front and each shall meet front setback criteria.
B If only one of two facing structures has an entry, it shall respond to front setback criteria, the other building shall meet side setback criteria.
C Any portion of a multi-unit building containing a porch or enclosed private yard shall be deemed the front of the building unless the Director makes findings to the contrary.
5.25.3 SPECIAL RESIDENTIAL SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS. [Refer to Section 5.9 for specific development standards pertaining to the 2024 Specific Plan Amendment Area].
The following standards deal with areas of concern regarding the implementation of new urbanism concepts and for complying with applicable local ordinances.
5.2.15.3.1 PRIVATE OPEN SPACE: Each single-family dwelling site must contain a minimum of 400 SF of contiguous private open space with a minimum dimension of 15'. Each multi-family dwelling must contain a minimum of 120 SF of private open space. This required area may be achieved in multiple areas so long as the minimum dimension is 10' for ground floor patios and 6' for balconies or decks and the minimum area is 60 SF. Up to 50% of the required area may be covered. -64-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
5.2.25.3.2 SERVICE LANES: Service lanes when used, must be used for every lot within a contiguous Planning Area. All garages serving interior lots must be accessed directly from the service lane. Service lanes if provided, shall be signed as “Emergency Access and Fire Lanes” in which parking is prohibited.
A When utilized, service lanes must be a minimum of 20 feet in clear width with a minimum paved section of 17 feet distributed evenly about the center line of the lane. When the entire width is not paved, the balance must be landscaped or other treatment that provides visual relief from the privacy walls and garage doors that dominate the service lane.
B A 10-foot corner cutoff is required at the junction of the lot line and the service lane ROW.
5.2.35.3.3 (INTENTIONALLY BLANK)
5.3.4 PARKING REQUIREMENTS (This section applies to homes built prior to the 2024 Amendment. Refer to Tables 5.1 and 5.2 for parking requirements related to the 2024 Amendment Area)
A Each single-family dwelling must be provided with a two-car garage. On lots with sufficient area, an additional covered parking space(s) may be provided by a carport.
B Attached dwellings shall provide a single covered and/or enclosed and secured parking space for each unit.
C If a standard block pattern permitting street parking is used, no additional guest parking is required. When the block pattern is abandoned, an additional parking space for every two units is required to be provided on-site. This number may be normalized at 15 per acre.
D Aggregate parking areas for more than 10 cars must be landscaped so that a minimum of 50% of the paved area is shaded at noon, June 21, within 5 years of issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy. Carports provided for parking where covered parking is not required may be used to meet this requirement.
5.2.45.3.5 GARAGE ACCESS AND ACCESSIBILITY:
A When used, a carport must access a service lane (direct access from a carport to a local street is prohibited) and there must be a positive security device, a minimum of 8' high, to separate cars from publicly accessible areas.
B No direct access to Rio Vista Boulevard is permitted.
CB In all cases, from the garage door to the opposite side of the service lane a minimum of 25 feet of clear backup space must be provided.
D Designs taking access from the local street must utilize a one lane drive of 8' width to access the garage or carport. "Hollywood drives" are encouraged (two -65-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 30" ribbons of concrete separated by 36" of turf or acceptable loose paving material.
EC Garages on interior lots directly accessing a local street must provide 25' of clear back-up space immediately in front of the garage door and occurring behind the front setback line the full width of the garage. The last 24" of the required 25' as well as the sides of the backup area may be in landscape material.Conventionally loaded homes (front door and garage on same side of house) shall have a driveway of 18’ from back of sidewalk if taking direct access from local street.
F In the special condition of corner lots, garages may access a local street or local collector street within the rear 30 feet of the lot and may utilize a full width driveway and apron.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
5.2.55.3.6 HEIGHT: No dwelling shall exceed 35' or two stories in height measured to the peak of a sloping roof or the parapet of a flat roof.
5.2.65.3.7 SOLAR WALLS: Solar walls (brise soleil) may be constructed anywhere within the buildable area of the lot to a height of two stories. The portion of such walls above 8 feet in height or where a lower roof intersects the plane of the wall must be 50% open to permit the breezes to flow through. Such opening may be gridded, shuttered, louvered or of any other functional and attractive method.
5.2.7 SECOND DWELLING UNITS: An additional dwelling is permitted on any lot served by a service lane on which the following standards shall apply. [Note: All All newly proposed second dwelling units within the Rio Vista Specific Plan area are provisions for second dwelling units are superseded governed by Government Code section 65852.2]
Second dwelling units may only be developed on lots with single family detached homes in land use designations "R".
5.2.8 B Only
lots served by a service lane may develop second dwelling units.
5.2.9 C The
second dwelling unit may be used for rental purposes or for the exclusive use of the residents of the primary dwelling. When used as a rental unit, the second dwelling unit is required to be maintained and managed in accordance with the CC&Rs of the Rio Vista Village Community Association.
5.2.10 D The
second dwelling unit may be attached or detached from the primary dwelling unit.
When detached, the separations between structures shall be a minimum of 10 feet.
All other setbacks and site development standards shall apply as though the second dwelling unit were attached to the primary structure.
5.2.11 E A one
car carport or garage is required for the resident of the second dwelling unit. This carport or garage must have a secure separation from the service lane a minimum of 8 feet high and lockable.
5.2.12 F
Secon
d dwelling units must have a separate entry from the primary dwelling, whether attached or detached, and directly accessible to the designated on-site parking space.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
5.2.13 G
Secon
d dwelling units constructed above the garage must have at least one window from a living area overlooking the service lane.
5.2.14 H
Secon
d dwelling units must be provided with a private outdoor open space of 90 square feet with a minimum dimension of 6 feet.
5.3.8 I Second dwelling units require a Conditional Use Permit.
5.2.155.3.9RESIDENTIAL LANDSCAPE REGULATIONS: The following regulations apply to all residential units, whether on individual lots or within common ownership projects. In common ownership projects, these regulations apply to those areas within private ownership or held for exclusive use through the granting of an easement.
A. Boulevard Landscape Treatment
(1) Trees shall be a minimum 1524-gallon size, spaced at 15 feet o.c. in a 90 degree grid pattern, to the curb/sidewalk line.
(2) At intersections, trees shall be in 3 rows from the corner, extending to the curb return at parallel street parking.
(3) Parkway trees shall be planted on both sides of the sidewalk one tree in public right-of-way and one tree in public utility easement. (4) Parkway groundcover shall consist of low, spreading native/indigenous species (minimum 1-gallon size) and spaced at not more than 8 foot on center. Maximum plant height at maturity shall not exceed 12 inches. (5) The surface area directly adjacent to the rolled (2 ft. Wide) curb, shall contain open structural pavement stone, with decomposed granite filling each void.
(6)(5) The public utility easement shall be planted with similar material as (4) and shall include the addition of a minimum 5-gallon shrub, one per each 5 lineal feet of area, and shall be a maximum height at maturity of 3 feet. (7)(6) Irrigation: All plant material shall be irrigated with a low-precipitation head, operated by an automated, climatic monitored controller.
B Local Street Treatments
(8)(7) Similar to the Boulevard, but with less intensity, local streets shall include the grove of Mesquitesclimate appropriate trees, minimum 1524-gallon size, spaced at 15 foot o.c., with double rows.
(9)(8) Punctuated by alternative varieties of trees, minimum 1524-gallon size (Jacaranda, Mimosa, etc.), various local streets will become gateways into distinct neighborhoods. These trees shall be placed on a similar grid -68-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 pattern, to those identified for the Mesquite climate appropriate tree grove.
(10)(9) Parkway trees shall be planted in the parkway portion of the public use easement.
(11)(10) An additional row of trees shall be planted within the front setback at the ratio of one tree per every 15 feet of lot frontage.
Such trees may be clustered in any manner appropriate to the design of the site. This requirement is waived for corner side setback conditions in which there is insufficient area to support the growth of the trees. (12)(11) Parkway groundcover shall consist of low,
spreading native/indigenous species (minimum 1-gallon size) and spaced at not more than 8 foot on center. Maximum plant height at maturity shall not exceed 12 inches.
(13)(12) The public utility easement shall be planted with similar material as (4) and shall include the addition of a minimum 5- gallon shrub, one per each 5 lineal feet of area, and shall be a maximum height at maturity of 3 feet.
(14)(13) Irrigation: All plant material shall be irrigated with a low-precipitation head, operated by an automated, climatic monitored controller.
(15)(14) In neighborhoods that do not include garden walls in front yards, section 5.3.9(E) shall apply.
C Parkway Landscaping and Maintenance
(1) Landscape and irrigation systems shall be maintained through a "common area" association (Master Community Association or Homeowners Association) and shall include all grounds care, necessary to promote healthy growth and maintain standard growth patterns of all plant varieties, as outlined in section 5.3.9(A).
D Service Lane Landscaping
(1) Trees
(a) Trees shall be planted in fence wells (either recessed in fences/walls or set between the fence/wall and the paved section on alternate sides of service lane, at two lot intervals, the entire service lane length.
(b) Openings shall be recessed 3 foot deep and 5 foot wide. (c) Tree varieties shall consist of a minimum 1524-gallon size evergreen standard, with a maximum spread of 25 feet and shall be pruned to provide a minimum of 14 feet of clearance within the service land for emergency apparatus access.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 (2) Vine Pockets
(a) Vine pockets shall be located on one-lot diagonals (across service lane) from each tree location.
(b) Vines shall be minimum 15-gallon size, supported by wood trellis and planted in surface opening, 2 feet by 4 feet.
(c) Irrigation: All plant material shall be irrigated with a low precipitation head, operated by an automated, climatic monitored controller.
E On-site Private Landscaping
(1) Front Yard
(a) Garden Wall: A 30-inch-high garden wall will may be included at each lot. Material will be of unclad unit masonry, with returns of 4 ft. and offsets of 2 ft. at each property line.
(b) Front yard landscape, inside low wall, shall consist of 70 percent lawn and 30 percent ground covers/shrub beds.
(c)(b) Shrub beds shall consist of spreading ground cover, planted by material to reach maturity within a 6-month period.
(d)(c) Foundation shrubs shall be planted at not less than one 5-gallon shrub per two lineal foot of building footage.
(2) Rear Yard "The Oasis"
(a) Rear yard surface planting shall be chosen by each homeowner and may include turfs and other water intensive plants. (b) Trees: A minimum of one shade tree per each rear yard shall be provided. Trees shall be evergreen and positioned to take full advantage of solar/shared/orientation of rear and side yards, windows and blank walls.
(c)(b) Where rear yard orientations face north, trees should be located adjacent to rear yard fencing, so as to maximize sun/light on windows.Areas not planted with turf shall be treated with a combination of shrubs, ground covers and/or crushed stone. (d)(c) Irrigation: All plant material shall be irrigated with a lowprecipitation head, operated by an automated, climatic monitored controller.
F Reference Documents for Selection of Plant Materials
(1) Sunset Western Garden Book
(2) Lush & Efficient, Coachella Valley Water District
(3) Landscape Plants for Western Regions, Perry
(4) Section 8.57 Water Efficient Landscape and the Coachella Valley model water efficient landscape ordinance No. 1302.1.
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5.35.4 GENERAL COMMERCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS The following standards establish the permitted setbacks, heights, and massing requirements for the design of commercial and institutional sites and buildings on appropriately designated parcels within the project.
5.3.15.4.1 SETBACK REQUIREMENTS AND SPACE BETWEEN BUILDINGS:
Conform to the regulations for Zone Classification PLC - Planned Limited Commercial.
5.45.5 SPECIAL COMMERCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
5.4.15.5.1 PARKING REQUIREMENTS:
A The parking requirements of the Zoning Code shall apply with regard to the number of parking stalls required, sizes and parking area layout standards. A 40% maximum reduction in parking requirements may be granted by the Planning Commission for uses determined to serve primarily neighborhood residents and which is designed to promote pedestrian use.
B Aggregate parking areas for more than 10 cars must be landscaped so that a minimum of 50% of the paved area is shaded at noon, June 21, within 5 years of issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy. A shade analysis must be prepared and submitted by the architect or landscape architect for the project.
C Carports provided for parking where covered parking is not required may be used to meet this requirement.
5.4.25.5.2 OPEN SPACE: Each project shall devote a minimum of 2.5% of the gross site area for use as publicly accessible open space. The intent of this requirement is to create a shaded space central to the project that may be used by the facility's patrons and employees. This open space area may be used to meet the landscape area requirement.
A No space may be less than 200 square feet in area with a minimum dimension of 15 feet and at least one space must be a minimum of 500 square feet with a minimum dimension of 40 feet.
B Such space must be landscaped, including paving, plant material, arbors, treillage, water features and seating areas.
C These areas must be designed so that a minimum of 50% of the ground areas is shaded. When plant material is used to provide this shading, the requirement must be met within 5 years of the issuance of Certificate of Occupancy. A shade analysis must be prepared and submitted by the architect or landscape architect for the project. Parkways and sidewalks in front of buildings and serving as access to the facilities, businesses, or services within may be used to meet this -72-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 requirement, however, the space under covered porticos, arcades and colonnades designed as part of the building's structure may not be used.
5.4.35.5.3 HEIGHT AND NUMBER OF STORIES: Buildings are limited to 2 stories or 40 feet in height. Theme structures or architectural features may not exceed 60 feet in height and no portion above the basic height limit may be habitable.
5.4.45.5.4 TRASH ENCLOSURES, LOADING BAYS AND SERVICE AREAS: All portions of the site devoted to service bays, trash collection and loading zones must be screened from the view of all adjacent properties. Uses requiring no greater level of delivery service than vans or small trucks (no longer than 30' or having no more than 10 wheels) are not required to provide separate delivery or loading zones.
5.4.55.5.5 SITE LIGHTING: Site lighting shall conform to the applicable regulations of the City.
5.4.65.5.6 SIGNAGE: On-site signage shall conform to the requirements of the sign regulations of the City and according to the recommendations of the Community Character Criteria.
5.4.75.5.7 LANDSCAPE REGULATIONS: A minimum of 15% of any commercially or institutionally developed parcel shall be landscaped according to the recommendations of the Community Character Criteria.
5.55.6 GENERAL RECREATION SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
The following standards establish the permitted setbacks, heights and massing requirements for the design of recreational sites and buildings on appropriately designated parcels within the project.
5.5.15.6.1 SETBACK REQUIREMENTS AND SPACE BETWEEN BUILDINGS: Conform to the regulations of Zone Classification PLC - Planned Limited Commercial.
5.65.7 SPECIAL RECREATION SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
5.6.15.7.1 PARKING REQUIREMENTS:
A The parking requirements of the Zoning Code shall apply with regard to the number of parking stalls required, sizes and parking area layout standards.
B Aggregate parking areas for more than 10 cars must be landscaped so that a minimum of 50% of the paved area is shaded at noon, June 21, within 5 years of issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy.
C Carports provided for parking where covered parking is not required may be used to meet this requirement.
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5.6.25.7.2 OPEN SPACE: Open space must be landscaped, including paving, plant material, arbors, treillage, water features and seating areas. Since open space is a critical ingredient of community level recreation facilities, no mandatory area is required.
A Open space, when normally habitable (which excludes swimming areas, for example) must be designed so that a minimum of 50% of the open space area is shaded at noon, June 21, within 5 years of issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy.
B A shade analysis must be prepared and submitted by the architect or landscape architect for the project. Parkways and sidewalks in front of buildings and serving as access to the facilities, businesses or services within may be used to meet this requirement, however, the space under covered porticos, arcades and colonnades designed as part of the building's structure may not be used.
5.6.35.7.3 HEIGHT AND NUMBER OF STORIES: Buildings are limited to 2 stories or 40 feet in height. Theme structures or architectural features may not exceed 60 feet in height and no portion above the basic height limit may be habitable.
5.6.45.7.4 TRASH ENCLOSURES, LOADING BAYS AND SERVICE AREAS: All portions of the site devoted to service bays, trash collection and loading zones must be screened from the view of all adjacent properties. Uses requiring no greater level of delivery service than vans and small trucks (no longer than 30' or having no more than 10 wheels) are not required to provide separate delivery or loading zones.
5.6.55.7.5 SITE LIGHTING: Site lighting shall conform to the applicable regulations of the City.
5.6.65.7.6 SIGNAGE: On-site signage shall conform to the requirements of the sign regulations of the City and according to the recommendations of the Community Character Criteria.
5.75.8 GENERAL RESIDENTIAL SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS FOR R-2-
CLUSTER SFD DEVELOPMENT
CLUSTER SFD: Small lots with detached dwellings arranged in nontraditional clusters, frequently using private auto courts or common drives, and arranged without having frontage on public streets. The following standards establish the permitted densities, setbacks, heights, and massing requirements for the design of individual homes and multi-family attached dwellings on parcels within the project.
5.7.15.8.1 SETBACK REQUIREMENTS FOR RESIDENTIAL SITES
A. STANDARD FRONT SETBACK: 8 feet if fronting on Private Local Street and 2 feet if fronting on a Common Dive.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 B. REDUCED FRONT SETBACK: Not Applicable
C. STANDARD SIDE SETBACK: 5 feet.
D. SIDE SETBACK WITH DRIVEWAY: Not Applicable
E. SHARED SIDE SETBACK: 5 feet.
F. ZERO SIDE SETBACK: Zero feet: no projections, encroachments or openings permitted.
G. CORNER SIDE SETBACK: 10 feet.
H. REDUCED SIDE SETBACK: Not Applicable
I. REAR SETBACK WITH SERVICE LANE: Not Applicable
J. REAR SETBACK: 10 feet.
K. ENCROACHMENTS AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
(1) Fireplaces, bays, cornices, eaves, and other similar architectural features may project a maximum of 24 inches into required setbacks. (2) Shading devices may project a maximum of 24 inches into required front setbacks, a maximum of 24 inches elsewhere unless waived by the Director of Community Development with validating documentation. (3) Garden walls in front setbacks are not permitted.
(4) Pools and spas must provide a minimum of 5 feet of lateral clearance to any adjacent lot line.
(5) Solar walls may be constructed to a two-story height anywhere within the building envelope.
(6) A 3-inch thick, 30-inch by 48-inch concrete slab must be provided along the rear fence/wall directly accessible from the private local street or from the common drive for the placement of trash receptacles. In addition, a 24 inch by 36-inch concrete pad shall be provided in front of the unit next to the Garage for placing the trash receptacles during the trash pickup day. -75-
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5.7.25.8.2 SPACE BETWEEN BUILDINGS: For purposes of developing Cluster SFD Residential Development projects that do not follow the standard block pattern, adjacent buildings shall be presumed to have a lot line between them for the purpose of measuring setbacks. The minimum building separations shall be 10 feet.
5.8.3 Special residential site development standards for cluster SFD residential development projects.
The following standards deal with areas of concern regarding the implementation of new urbanism concepts and for complying with applicable local ordinances.
5.7.2.15.8.2.1 COMMON OPEN SPACE: Common open space requirements are deemed met under the Rio Vista Village Specific Plan. Additional common open space shall be provided to establish pedestrian circulation links to areas within and beyond the project boundary.
5.7.2.25.8.2.2 PRIVATE OPEN SPACE: Each single-family dwelling site in a Cluster SFD project must contain a minimum of 300 SF of contiguous private open space with a minimum dimension of 10 feet.
5.7.2.35.8.2.3 COMMON DRIVES: Use Private Street
A. Common drives serving Cluster SFD Residential Development shall be in the form of a private drive having a minimum width of 24 feet curb to curb where no street parking is allowed. Garages shall be setback a minimum of 25 feet.
B. Private Street shall have a minimum width of 26 feet and shall be signed as ‘Emergency Access and Fire Lane-No Parking’. Emergency gated access shall be required that will enable access onto a public street other than the primary access road.
5.7.2.45.8.2.4 PARKING REQUIREMENTS:
A. Each single-family dwelling must be provided with a two-car garage.
B. If a standard single-family lot pattern is used that accommodates on-street parking, no additional guest parking is required. When a non-traditional lot pattern is used, one additional offstreet parking space for every two units is required, to be allocated in proximity to dwelling units, and provided onsite.
C. Aggregate parking areas for more than 10 cars must be landscaped so that a minimum of 50% of the paved area is shaded at noon, June 21, within 5 years of issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy. Carports provided for parking where covered parking is not required may be used to meet this requirement.
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5.7.2.55.8.2.5 GARAGE ACCESS AND ACCESSIBILITY:
A. Garage may be accessed from either a common drive or directly from the private or public local street.
B. No direct access to Rio Vista Boulevard is permitted.
C. In all cases, from the garage door to the opposite side of the common drive minimum of 25 feet of clear backup space must be provided.
D. Garages on interior lots directly accessing a local street must provide 25 feet of clear back-up space immediately in front of the garage door and occurring behind the front setback line the full width of the garage. The last 24 inches of the required 25 feet as well as the sides of the backup area may be in landscape material.
E. Garages must be equipped with automatic roll up doors and flanked by at least one wallmounted carriage light.
5.7.2.65.8.2.6 HEIGHT: No dwelling shall exceed 35 feet or two stories in height measured to the peak of a sloping roof or the parapet of a flat roof.
5.7.2.75.8.2.7 RESIDENTIAL LANDSCAPE REGULATIONS: The following regulations apply to common residential areas. All proposed landscape species must be identified in the Lush and Efficient Gardening in the Coachella Valley produced by CVWD.
A. Local Private Street Treatments
(1) Local streets aligned along a project boundary shall include minimum 1524- gallon trees spaced at- 50 feet on center.
(2) Where dwelling units are oriented to the local street, minimum 1524-gallon trees shall be planted at a ratio of 1:1.5 per dwelling unit along the street block.
(3) Alternative varieties of trees, minimum 1524-gallon size, shall be planted at gateways into distinct neighborhoods.
(4) Street trees, minimum 1524-gallon size, shall be planted in any island of the public use easement.
(5) A three (3) foot landscape setback shall be provided between the sidewalk and the dwelling unit to be planted in groundcover, 4 feet on center and having a maximum plant height at maturity not exceeding 12 inches, with a two-inch thick layer of decomposed granite having a common accent color. (6) Guest parking areas shall have a landscape island for every seven spaces and planted with one minimum 1524-gallon tree. Guest parking nodes -77-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 having more than 10 spaces shall have minimum 15 24-gallon trees planted 25 feet on center within the five-foot landscape setback.
5.7.35.8.3 SPECIAL RECREATION SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS.
5.7.3.15.8.3.1 PARKING REQUIREMENTS:
A. The parking requirements of the Zoning Code shall apply with regard to the number of parking stalls required, sizes and parking area layout standards.
B. Aggregate parking areas for more than 10 cars must be landscaped so that a minimum of 50% of the paved area is shaded at noon, June 21, within 5 years of issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy.
C. Carports provided for parking where covered parking is not required may be used to meet this requirement.
5.7.3.25.8.3.2 OPEN SPACE: Open space must be landscaped, including paving, plant material, arbors, treillage, water features and seating areas. Since open space is a critical ingredient of community level recreation facilities, no mandatory area is required.
5.7.3.35.8.3.3 TRASH ENCLOSURES AREAS: All portions of the site devoted to trash collection must be screened from the view of all adjacent properties.
5.7.3.45.8.3.4 SITE LIGHTING: Site lighting shall conform to the applicable regulations of the City.
5.7.3.55.8.3.5 SIGNAGE: On-site signage shall conform to the requirements of the sign regulations of the City and according to the recommendations of the Community Character Criteria.
5.9 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS FOR THE 2024 SPECIFIC PLAN AMENDMENT AREA
The primary objective for the 2024 Specific Plan Amendment is to provide a variety of home sizes and plans to serve the needs of different life stages and market segments. In addition, the Rio Vista Specific Plan allows for individual homeownership and rental opportunities in a higher density setting than typical single-family development Homes may be located on fee simple lots, in condominium arrangements, or in rental accommodations. All homes will have minimum fire separation distances as required by the California Residential and Building Codes.
Exhibits 5.1 through 5.4 provide conceptual plotting examples for a variety of residential housing types and arrangements. The plotting concepts are provided to illustrate development standards and are not intended to be mandated layouts. Where these standards are silent, Section 5.3 standards apply. (See also exhibits A-9.5 through A-9.7 of the Community -78-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Character Guidelines for additional concept plan for conventionally loaded lots.) Tables 5.1 and 5.2 provide development standards for Single-Family Detached configurations as well as attached residential development within the 2024 Specific Plan Amendment area.
Table 5.1: Development Standards (Minimums)
Applicable to PAs 3.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, and 6.5 except where specifically noted.
Lot Size Minimum 4,000 S.F.
Planning Area Boundary Line to Living Space (Front or
Side) 15'
Public Street to Living Space (Front or Side) - Rio Pecos Drive, Avenida Quintana, and Landau Boulevard 10’
Internal Street ROW or Back of Sidewalk if no ROW to
Living Space (Front or Side) 10'
Interior Street ROW to Garage Door (Conventionally
Loaded Homes) 20’
Internal Street ROW to Low Wall/ Patio/Porch (Porch
dimension shall be minimum 6' in depth if being counted toward private open space) 5'
Rear Yard (Conventionally Loaded Homes) 10'
Interior Side Yard 4' (5’ is preferred)
Zero Side Yard
0' (no projections, encroachments or
opening permitted on 0' lot line side)
(Adjacent side yard must be a
minimum of 8’ to maintain minimum
building separation.)
Building Separation 8'
Garage to Garage Separation 30'
Rear Setback with Service Lane 5' (Living Space) / 3' (Garage Door) Private Open Space
Continuous 300 S.F. per unit/15'
minimum width required as private
open space in PAs 3.1, 5.1-5.4, 6.1-
6.5)
300 S.F. per unit for all other PAs
within the Amendment area may be
combined with common open space.
but not more than 200 square feet of
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 common open space may be counted
toward this calculation. Private space
may be a combination of patio and/or
balcony.
Encroachments into Yard Setbacks (Maximum)
Encroachments include fireplaces, bays, furr outs,
potshelves, brackets, eaves, awnings, eyebrows, canopies, cantilever decks, and second floor cantilever over garage. 3' (CRC/CBC code requirements shall
be adhered to. Therefore, permitted
encroachments may be less).
Building Coverage (Maximum) 60% of Net Lot Area
Height
35' or two stories in height measured
to the peak of a sloping roof or the
parapet of a flat roof
Parking
2.0 Spaces (at least 1 space per unit
shall be covered)
.25 Space per Unit for Guest
(driveways may be counted if meets
18’ minimum depth)
Location of parking: No vehicles shall
be parked in any area except within
approved garages, carports, or
improved open parking spaces.
Landscape (Private Front Yards)
Garden Wall: A 30-inch-high garden
wall may be included at each lot.
Material will be of unclad unit
masonry, with returns of 4 ft. and
offsets of 2 ft. at each property line.
Shrub beds shall consist of spreading
ground cover, planted by material to
reach maturity within a 6-month
period.
Foundation shrubs shall be planted at
not less than one 5-gallon shrub per
two lineal foot of building footage.
Landscape (Private Rear Yards)
No standards required.
Fencing/Wall: A 72-inch (maximum)
high wall or fence may be included if
private rear or side yard proposed.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 EXHIBITExhibit: 5.-1: SFD CONCEPTUAL LAYOUTS AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS (Applicable to PA 3.1)
Exhibit: 5-2: SFD CONCEPTUAL LAYOUTS AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS (Applicable to PAs 3.1,5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4 and 6.5) -81-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Table 5.2: Development Standards (Minimums)
Applicable to PAs 1.1 and 1.2
Planning Area Boundary Line to Living Space (Front or Side) 15' (for front) / 13’ (for side) Public Street to Living Space (Front or Side) - Rio Pecos Drive, Avenida Quintana, and Landau Boulevard 15'
Internal Street ROW or Face of Curb (if private street) to Living Space (Front or Side) 10'
Interior Street ROW to Low Wall/Patio/Porch (Porch
dimension shall be minimum 6' in depth if being counted toward private open space)
5'
Rear Yard 10'
Interior Side Yard 5'
Zero Side Yard
0' (no projections, encroachments or
opening permitted on 0' lot line side)
Building Separation (front to front when triplex or larger) 20' Building Separation (side to side) 10'
Building Separation (side to front) 10'
Garage to Garage Separation 30'
Rear Setback with Service Lane 5' (Living Space) / 3' (Garage Door) Open Space
300 S.F per unit (may be a
combination of private and common
open space).
At least 100 S.F. shall be in private
open space and may be a combination
of patio and balcony space.
Encroachments into Yard Setbacks (Maximum)
Encroachments include: fireplaces, bays, furr outs,
potshelves, brackets, eaves, awnings, eyebrows, canopies, cantilever decks, Second floor cantilever over garage.
3' (CRC/CBC code requirements shall
be adhered to. Thus, encroachment
may be less.)
Building Coverage (Maximum). 60% of Net Lot Area
Height
35' or two stories in height measured
to the peak of a sloping roof or the
parapet of a flat roof.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Parking
1.5 Spaces (at least 1 space per unit
shall be covered)
Plus .25 Space per Unit for Guest (min).
No vehicles shall be parked in any
area except within approved garages,
carports, or improved open parking
spaces.
Landscape (Private Front Yards)
Garden Wall: A 42 to 48-inch high
garden wall may be included if patio or
private front yard proposed.
Landscape (Private Rear Yards)
Fencing/Wall: A 72-inch (maximum)
high wall or fence may be included if
private rear or side yard proposed.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Exhibit: 5-3: CONCEPTUAL LAYOUTS AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS (Applicable to PAs 1.1 and 1.2)
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Exhibit: 5-4: CONCEPTUAL LAYOUTS AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS (Applicable to PAs 1.1 and 1.2)
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 SECTION 6.0
IMPLEMENTATION
This section discusses phasing, infrastructure construction and finance, environmental mitigation programs and the development of CC&Rs administered by a Community Association (HOA).
6.1 PHASING
The project is intended to be developed in three five master phases. Each of these master phases may have one or more sub-phases to facilitate the development and financing of infrastructure and other public and private improvements.
Refer to Section 4.4 for an updated Phasing discussion pertaining to the 2024 Amendment. Exhibit 4-F Phasing Plan illustrates the locations of the five phases.
6.1.1 Phase 1: Phase I begins at the corner of Landau and Verona and extends north and west to the northerly extension of Avenida Quintana. Phase I includes the Village Center and both residential land use areas permitting multi-family housing. Infrastructure required to serve this phase is will primarily focus around the boulevard which is the central organizing element of the village. Backbone utility systems will be installed and designed with the ultimate density and size of the village in mind. Sizing of utilities will include provisions for density/unit transfers in future phases.
A The extension of Landau Boulevard is accommodated by the offer of dedication of the required right-of-way along the easterly and northerly property lines.
B A 10 acre school site has been located along Verona Avenue according to the size and locational requirements of the Palm Springs Unified School District.
C A special land use designation C(R) Commercial (Reserve) has been created to permit useful development of lands adjacent to and parallel with the railroad right-of-way which are initially being kept undeveloped to assist in the blowsand mitigation program.
D The easement used for blowsand mitigation along Verona that was granted by the land owner to the City will revert to public right-of-way to improve the north half of Verona as each phase is developed.
E A four acre site has been reserved for development as a community wide water park. Design and construction of the park are subjects in discussion with the City.
Final determination of the financing, construction and ownership/operation of the facility are yet to be determined.Since the approval of the Specific Plan in 1997, the community wide water park has been eliminated as part of the project. In place of a water park, the 2024 Amendment proposedwill to expand the existing Recreational Facility to include additional seating areas and sports courts. The beach club is also no longer applicable.
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6.1.2 Phase II: Phase II completes the middle third of the site.
6.1.3 Phase III: This last phase completes the project and builds out the available land to the westerly boundary, adjacent to the pipeline easement and blowsand berm.
6.1.4 It is the intent of the master developer to construct the backbone utility systems, improve certain roads and streets, parks, storm water retention basins and provide public area landscaping in the interest of establishing the theme and tone for the entire village. It is also the intent of the master developer to secure such public assistance in the financing of such improvements as is available or may be obtained with City assistance and cooperation.
6.2 OFF-SITE IMPROVEMENTS
Certain improvements to adjacent properties are contemplated in the overall development of Rio Vista Village. These include Verona Avenue, Landau Boulevard and blowsand mitigations in Morongo Wash.
6.2.1: Verona Ave.: The north half of Verona will be improved as each phase of Rio Vista Village is developed. In the 1997 Specific Plan, a roundabout was proposed asfor the intersection of Verona and Landau. The 2024 Amendment acknowledges the constructed four-way intersection. A roundabout is no longer being offered. At the intersection of Verona and Landau is a proposed roundabout whose construction will require the assistance and cooperation of the City and adjacent landowners.
6.2.2: Landau Boulevard: A portion of Landau Boulevard outside of Rio Vista Village and extending north from Verona has been dedicated. The on-site portion will be improved by the master developer of Rio Vista Village. That portion serving the property to the north is adjacent to the Commercial (Reserve) portion of Rio Vista Village. -97-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
6.2.3: Blowsand Mitigations: [Refer to 2024 updated blow sand mitigation program for information specific to 2024 Specific Plan Amendment.] Rio Vista Village has prepared a blowsand mitigation program that calls for community cooperation and involves both on-site and off-site improvements. The master developer of Rio Vista Village contemplates completing at least a first phase of such improvements, both onand off-site involving additional landscaping to the berm and the building of one or more fences in the Morongo Wash, subject to City Engineer approval. The sand berm (APN 677-050-001) is planned to be placed within the Whitewater Floodplain Conservation Area (WFCA) associated with the Coachella Valley Multiple Species Conservation Plan (CVMSHCP). The CVMSHCP includes Land Use Adjacency Guidelines in order to avoid or minimize indirect effects from development adjacent to or within designated conservation areas. Therefore, consistent with the Land Use Adjacency Guidelines as described in Section 4.5 of the CVMSCHP, once the berm is placed into the WFCA, landscape treatments on the sand berm shall incorporate recommended native plant materials to the maximum extent feasible as listed in CVMSHCP Table 4-112, Coachella Valley Native Plants Recommended for Landscaping. Additionally, the plants listed in CVMSHCP Table 4-113, Prohibited Invasive Ornamental Plants, shall not be used on the sand berm. (Refer to Section 6.6.1 BLOWSAND).The 2024 Amendment is inclusive of an updated blow sand mitigation program that could be undertaken dependent on consent of property owners to the north of the Project, issuance of necessary permits and area-wide financing; or alternatively, project-specific interim on-site fencing until such time as the 6-foot-high perimeter masonry wall is constructed. Consistent with the 1997 MND, in the absence of implementation of a regional blow sand mitigation program, the previously developed portions of the RVVSP installed interim blow sand fencing pending installation of masonry perimeter walls. The updated blow sand improvement report prepared by RWDI on November 2, 2023 (Appendix C to the 2023 CEQA Analysis) analyzes Project-specific blow sand mitigation and supersedes the Approved Project's Blow Sand Mitigation Program dated December 10, 1997.
6.3 HOME OWNER'S ASSOCIATION AND COVENANTS, CONDITIONS &
RESTRICTIONS
The developer shall create aA Master Community Association (MCA) to administer the affairs of the owners of common property and the various interests of the association was created at the time of initial home development. The MCA will manages such affairs as come before the owners in common and will, at the minimum, manage the parks, common area landscaping and infrastructure, drainage retention and nuisance water management facilities and blowsand protection improvements.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
6.3.1 The master developer will established Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions applicable to every property under the jurisdiction of the MCA. They may be amended depending on applicability to the 2024 Amendment.
6.3.2 Each residential project may create a local Home Owners Association (HOA) to which purchasers of homes will be members in addition to having membership in the Master Community Association.
6.3.3 Membership in the MCA will include every parcel in the specific plan area including commercial, institutional and recreational interests.
6.3.4 The master developer will retain an interest in local Home Owners Associations and in the MCA according to law and will continue to retain such interest until such time as all ownership in real property has been transferred to subsequent purchasers.
6.3.5 The master developer will include homeowners on the Design Review Board in a minority position until such time as the master developer no longer has a majority ownership interest in the residential areas of the project.
6.4 ASSESSMENT DISTRICTS
It is the intent of the master developer to propose special improvement districts, composed entirely of the Specific Plan area, for the purpose of contracting with the city or other public or private entity to develop, manage and maintain certain facilities, either on- or off-site, that provide a general publica public benefit.
6.4.1 The master developer may seek to annex to existing districts should the opportunity be available and in the project's interests.
6.4.2 Currently assessment districts or special facilities/service districts apply to Rio Vista Village as follows:
A CITY-WIDE COMMUNITY SERVICE AREA: There is an existing city-wide community service area which provides police service, parks and landscaping, street lighting, emergency and paramedic services. The charge is based on equivalent dwelling units (EDU). A single-family house is one (1.0) EDU.
Vacant land is 1/2 EDU per acre. The charge for one EDU is $136 per year.
B COMMUNITY SERVICE AREA (CSA) NO. 152: There is another community service area which addresses the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. The charge is $8.20 per unit per year.
C ASSESSMENT DISTRICT FOR SEWER AND WATER SYSTEM
IMPROVEMENTS: An assessment district was formed to install sewer and water system improvements in the Rio Vista (formerly Sun-X) Area. Burnett -99-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Development Corporation paid $72,000 for the oversizing of the mains and stubs to serve Rio Vista Village.
D A fee is currently collected for the acquisition and development of a community park to be constructed within Rio Vista Village
6.5 ARCHITECTURAL CONTROLS AND DESIGN REVIEW
A design guideline document entitled "Community Character Criteria" will be submitted for review and approval under separate cover after both Specific Plan and Master Tentative Tract Map approvals have been secured. It is the intent of the master developer, Burnett Development Corporation to enforce the design standards and guidelines contained therein.
6.5.1 DESIGN REVIEW BOARD: Burnett Development Corporation The Master Developer will establish a Design Review Board to administer the Community Character Criteria and deal with such issues as may come before the Board. The Board will consist of at least three voting members, one of who must be a licensed architect in the state of California, one of whom must be a representative of the master developer and one of whom is to be appointed by the Master HOA. At such time as the master developer no longer has a majority ownership interest in the residentially zoned property, two additional HOA members may be appointed. The number of voting members must be odd and until such time as the master developer's interests are completely sold out, at least one member must represent his the master developer interests. The licensed architect may come from the HOA or be appointed at large.
6.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATIONS [Refer to 2024 CEQA Consistency Analysis for the Rio Vista Village (Verano) Specific Plan Amendment and Tentative Tract Map Nos. 38709, 38710, 38711, 38712, 38713 and 38902 for environmental mitigation information specific to 2024 Specific Plan Amendment area.]
BLOWSAND MITIGATION PROGRAM
6.6.1 BLOWSAND: Per report "Blowsand Considerations for the Rose Trust Property", November 8, 1991, amended to address the conditions of the Rio Vista Village Specific Plan, October 16, 1997. Prepared by: Donald C Weaver, P.E., Corp., P.O. Box 5414, Riverside, CA 92517, (909) 883.3796. The Weaver report prepared in 1991 was reviewed by Mr. Weaver in 1997 and found to be factually correct for application at this time. Basic blowsand conditions, both causative phenomenon and the resulting set of environmental impacts remain unchanged. The currently recommended program of mitigations is tailored to the specific circumstances of Rio Vista Village and meets or exceeds the mitigations recommended in the 1991 report. -100-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
6.6.2 A
BLO
WSAND IMPACTS: Approximately 52,000 cubic yards can be expected to be intercepted by the upwind property boundaries on a mean annual basis. This is comprised of 15,000 cubic yards per year along the westerly boundary, where mean annual rates of sand transport range from 5 cubic yards per foot-wide path of sand movement at the southerly end to 10 cubic yards per foot-wide path at the northwest corner; and 33,000 cubic yards per year along approximately 3,100 feet of the northerly boundary between the CVWD levee and a point approximately 200 feet measured at a right angle to the railroad, and some 4,000 cubic yards per year across the remaining distance to the railroad. Mean annual rates along this line vary from the 10 cubic yards per foot-wide path of sand movement at the northwest corner to 15 cubic yards per foot-wide path at the point 200 feet flow the railroad, and approaching 20 cubic yards per foot-wide path the remaining distance to the railroad.
6.6.3 B
BLO
WSAND MITIGATIONS: Development of the site will constitute an obstruction to the natural passage of sand, effectively resulting in the stoppage and retention of some 52,000 cubic yards of sand annually as noted above. Therefore implementation of appropriate protection at the upwind borders of the property will be necessary. Due to the existence of the CVWD channel directly upwind the subject property, unlike developments that can anticipate protection as other developments occur upwind and thus shield them from blowsand, properly designed and maintained blowsand control facilities will be necessary for this site indefinitely. This property is also unique in that it may be possible to locate some of the necessary blowsand control facilities off-site, in the CVWD channel.
6.6.4 MORONGO WASH FENCING: It is proposed that three sand fence lines be located adjacent to or within the Morongo Wash/Storm Water Channel which, with proper long-term maintenance, will adequately serve to control the transport of sand that would otherwise impact the subject property. The extent of the fencing clearly lies outside the boundaries of the property, indicating the need for a mitigation program requiring community-level cooperation. The master developer will apply for an encroachment permit to construct such fences in accordance with letters of concurrence issued previously by CVWD.
6.6.5 MAINTENANCE ACCESS WAY: Adjacent to the westerly property blowsand maintenance access way, with a width of 20 feet has been provided to permit equipment to access the berm areas and remove sand as necessary. -101-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
6.6.6 BLOWSAND TRANSPORT CORRIDOR: Along the northeast boundary, adjacent to the railroad right of way, is a 200-foot wide corridor left essentially undeveloped. This is the area of most severe sand transport and by remaining undeveloped will permit convenient and unobtrusive access for maintenance and sand removal. Further, in light of the nature of the currently recommended area wide program as extending northerly to the Railroad ROW, the 200 foot wide blowsand corridor recommended along the north east corner of Rio Vista Village is suitable for use as the future Landau ROW as well as for limited commercial uses such as storage provided blowsand conditions within the corridor at the time of such proposed development are verified as having been mitigated by the proposed fence and berm program.
6.6.7 BERM IMPROVEMENTS: An existing berm is currently in place between the western edge of Rio Vista Village and the Morongo Wash. This berm is used for both flood control and blowsand control purposes. The top of the berm is planted with tamarisk trees that have become sparse due to the lack of irrigation. The existing tamarisk trees will be inspected by the project landscape architect and a report prepared documenting the status of the exiting trees. The following components are proposed for the berm:
6.6.8 (a)
Additi
onal tamarisk trees will be planted to fill in the double row. Dead or dying trees will be replaced.
6.6.9 (b) The
installation of an above ground irrigation line to provide water for the tree rows.
6.6.10 OFF-SITE MITIGATIONS ON THE PROPERTY TO THE NORTH: •
6.6.11 It is expected that the mitigation measures in the Morongo Wash will effectively control the transport of sand from off-site. With these measures in place the loose surficial sand on properties to the north will quickly stabilize as the native vegetation continues to grow. Should these measures require additional mitigations on a temporary basis, the following programs are proposed:
6.6.12 (a) With
appropriate permission from the property owners to the north, the master developer will undertake either sand fencing or surface stabilization or both on the northerly properties.
6.6.13 (b)
Tempo
-102-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 rary security fencing (chain link) at the boundary of said properties will be installed to protect surface stabilization efforts at the master developer's expense upon receipt of such permissions.
6.6.14 (c)
Lacki
ng such permission, interim on-site fencing will be installed along the northerly property line until such time as the 6 foot high perimeter masonry wall is constructed.
6.6.15 (6)
COUR
SE OF CONSTRUCTION MITIGATIONS: During the course of construction and to mitigate blowsand impacts prior to complete build-out of the project the following measures are proposed.
6.6.16 (a)
Constr
uction vehicle and equipment routing will be directed to the northerly portions of the site.
6.6.17 (b)
Wateri
ng and dust controls will be enforced per local ordinance.
6.6.18 (c)
Blows
and fencing will be installed within the un-built portions of the project area in locations specifically selected to protect adjacent residential development. The number, extent and location of such fences will be determined as a function of phased building permits so that the mitigation measures may be tailored to construction and development schedules.
6.6.19 (d)
Additi
onal measures such as surface stabilization, the planting of ground cover and access control to prohibit vehicular use will all be reviewed as to their efficacy at the time the measures are required.
6.6.20 (7)
SCHE
DULE OF OFF-SITE IMPROVEMENTS: The actual construction of off-site blowsand mitigation improvements has two components: First, those to be -103-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 provided by the developer during the developer's involvement in the overall development of the village; and second, those improvements and maintenance operations to be conducted after the master developer has terminated involvement in the project. Since blowsand transport is a function of natural events not entirely predictable, the monitoring program becomes the key ingredient in matching the buildup of blowsand to the construction of new and/or expanded mitigation measures and the schedule of maintenance.
6.6.21 (a) The
master developer will install blowsand fencing according to the program described in the plans and diagrams attached to the blowsand report. In summary, the master developer will install incremental improvements sized to handle the annual blowsand transport as determined by the report.
6.6.22 (i) The
proposed improvements to the existing berm will be undertaken as a part of Phase I construction and will be completed prior to the first occupancy in that phase.
These improvements are limited to the extent of the berm within the developer's control. Should the appropriate owners of property to the north agree to such and the required permits be issued for portions of the berm to the north extending from the northern boundary of Rio Vista Village to the Railroad ROW, the master developer will also install and maintain such improvements in Phase I. Should these required permits not be available until sometime after the commencement of Phase I, the master developer will undertake these improvements off-site whenever such permits are available during the course of the developer's involvement.
6.6.23 (ii) The
initial sand fence construction will be undertaken as a Phase I improvement. This requires an encroachment permit issued by CVWD, the agency with Association at such time as the developer relinquishes appropriate and designated control to the MCA.
6.6.24 (iii)
Subse
quent sand fence construction will be undertaken as a function of the monitoring program. Analysis of the average annual sand transport buildup indicates that within the first seven years of operation, only one segment of the three fences will grow to the ultimate 15 feet in height. Most segments will be 10 feet high, permitting the relative free flow of water through Morongo Wash at such time as the Railroad replaces the culvert with an open structure bridge. -104-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
6.6.25 (iv) Onsite blowsand mitigations will be undertaken as the specific improvement plans for each phase and tract are undertaken.
6.6.26 (b)
Blows
and monitoring program: The monitoring program shall be established by the master developer and transferred to the MCA at the appropriate time.
6.6.27 (i) The
program shall establish benchmark levels of sand build-up and semi-annually measure additional build-up at designated locations along the extent of the Morongo Wash adjacent to the project.
6.6.28 (ii)
Perma
nent monitoring will be conducted on a semi-annual basis and adjustments to the scheduled improvements will be made according to the results of the measurements taken during the scheduled monitoring events.
6.6.29 (iii)
Durin
g years one through three, monitoring shall occur quarterly and after every significant sand storm event.
6.6.30 (iv)
Measu
rements shall be taken and when the sand build-up exceeds threshold values, additional and/or expanded fencing or sand removal shall be commenced.
6.6.31 (8)
TRAN
SFER OF RESPONSIBILITY TO THE MASTER COMMUNITY
ASSOCIATION (MCA): It is the intent of the master developer to transfer responsibility for construction and maintenance of the blowsand mitigation improvements to the Master Community Association at such time as the developer relinquishes appropriate and designated control to the MCA.
6.6.32 (a) At
such time as the transfer of responsibility occurs, the MCA will assume responsibility for construction of subsequent blowsand control measures according to the provisions of the mitigation program.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
6.6.33 (b) The
MCA shall provide within its annual budget a provision for both maintenance and construction of blowsand mitigation measures.
6.6.34 (9)
MAST
ER DEVELOPER'S FINANCING OF IMPROVEMENTS: Until such time as the MCA assumes responsibility the master developer will fund such improvements and maintenance operations as are required to permit the mitigation measures to function in the manner for which they were designed.
6.6.35 (10)
REIM
BURSEMENT FOR OFF-SITE IMPROVEMENTS: The master developer will install and maintain blowsand mitigation measures off-site in areas serving as primary barriers for properties not within the master developer's control until such time as the owners of such properties assume responsibility.
6.6.36 (a) North
of Rio Vista Village: This area has no currently proposed development plans. The master developer will install and maintain the off-site blowsand mitigations and maintenance efforts until the MCA assumes control and continues to provide mitigation measures and maintenance At such time as the property to the north develops, the City will impose a fee and/or require the property to participate in an on-going maintenance program.
6.6.37 (b) South
of Rio Vista Village: Blowsand mitigations in this area directly benefit the residents of the Sunix tract. Any and all mitigations financed by the master developer as a part of the area-wide mitigation program shall be limited to initial construction only. All maintenance and subsequent construction shall be borne by the residents or by the City using funds collected for such purposes.
6.6.38 (c) The
City agrees to assist the master developer in the establishment of a reimbursement program to repay the costs of providing area-wide improvements of clear benefit to properties outside the boundaries of Rio Vista Village. This program could include any or all of the following and is not limited to these specific provisions:
6.6.39 (i) the
creation of a special district for bowsand mitigation and/or -106-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
6.6.40 (ii) an
agreement affected property owners to repay their fair share portion of the capital costs and/or
(iii) an
agreement to assume on-going mitigation measures and maintenance costs.
6.6.1 BLOW SAND. The 1997 Adopted MND included regional blow sand mitigation measures that could be undertaken dependent on consent of property owners to the north of the project, issuance of necessary permits and area-wide financing; or alternatively, projectspecific interim on-site fencing until such time as the 6-foot-high perimeter masonry wall is constructed.
Consistent with the 1997 MND, in the absence of implementation of a regional blow sand mitigation program, the previously developed portions of the RVVSP installed interim blow sand fencing pending installation of masonry perimeter walls. The updated blow sand mitigation improvements report prepared by RWDI on November 2, 2023 (Appendix C of the 2024 CEQA Consistency) analyzes Project-specific blow sand mitigation and supersedes the Approved Project's Blow Sand Mitigation Program dated December 10, 1997. Below is a table describes the 1997 Blow Sand Mitigation Program and the current Project’s Blow Sand Mitigation Program.
Table 6.1: Blow Sand Mitigation Program
1997 Blow Sand Mitigation (Superseded) 2024 Blow Sand Mitigation Development of the site will constitute an obstruction to the natural passage of sand, effectively resulting in the stoppage and retention of some 52,000 cubic yards of
sand annually as noted above. Therefore,
implementation of appropriate protection at the upwind
borders of the property will be necessary. Due to the
existence of the CVWD channel directly upwind the
subject property, unlike developments that can
anticipate protection as other developments occur
upwind and thus shield them from blow sand, properly
designed and maintained blow sand control facilities
will be necessary for this site indefinitely.
1. Morongo Wash Fencing: It is proposed that
three sand fence lines be located adjacent to or
within the Morongo Wash/Storm Water
Channel which, with proper long-term
maintenance, will adequately serve to control
the transport of sand that would otherwise
impact the subject property. The extent of the
fencing clearly lies outside the boundaries of
the property, indicating the need for a
mitigation program requiring community level
RWDI understands that NCP Verano LLC will have an
encroachment permit only to access the portion of the
east side and top of the existing berm adjacent to the
west side of the Specific Plan (SP). Therefore, the only off-site blow sand improvements are to be along the east side and top of the existing berm, and within the Citycontrolled access road easement along the north side of the SP. Therefore, feasible sand mitigation program
includes: 1) reshaping the east slope of the existing
CVWD storm berm, 2) installing irrigation lines on the
east and top of the existing CVWD storm berm together
with planting at the top and eastern slope of the berm, 3) construction of a 20’ maintenance road on the east
side of the existing berm, construction of a blow sand
wall along the east side of the maintenance road on the west side of the west boundary of the specific plan area, and 4) construction of a blow sand wall along the north boundary of the SP and maintenance road within the
City-controlled road easement along most of the north
boundary.
In RWDI’s opinion these are feasible options from a
sand mitigation perspective. RWDI recommends the
-107-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 cooperation. The master developer will apply
for an encroachment permit to construct such
fences in accordance with letters of
concurrence issued previously by CVWD.
2. Maintenance Accessway: Adjacent to the
westerly property line a blow sand maintenance
access way, with a width of 20 feet has been
provided to permit equipment to access the
berm areas and remove sand as necessary.
3. Blow sand Transport Corridor: Along the
northeast boundary, adjacent to the railroad
right of way, is a 200-foot wide corridor left
essentially undeveloped. This is the area of
most severe sand transport and by remaining
undeveloped will permit convenient and
unobtrusive access for maintenance and sand
removal. Further, in light of the nature of the
currently recommended areawide program as
extending northerly to the Railroad ROW, the
200 foot wide blow sand corridor
recommended along the north east corner of
Rio Vista Village is suitable for use as the
future Landau ROW as well as for limited
commercial uses such as storage provided blow
sand conditions within the corridor at the time
of such proposed development are verified as
having been mitigated by the proposed fence
and berm program.
4. Berm Improvements: An existing berm is
currently in place between the western edge of
Rio Vista Village and the Morongo Wash. This
berm is used for both flood control and blow
sand control purposes. The top of the berm is
planted with tamarisk trees that have become
sparse due to the lack of irrigation. The
following components are proposed for the
berm:
(a) Additional tamarisk trees to fill in the
double row. (2024 Amendment
suggests not using Tamarisk as they
are invasive species.)
(b) The installation of an above ground
irrigation line to provide water for the
tree rows.
(c) The planting of a layer of ground
cover and low shrubs along the top of
the berm to aid in capturing blow sand
transported beyond the upwind
fences.
5. Offsite Mitigations on the Property to the
North: It is expected that the mitigation
measures in the Morongo Wash will effectively
control the transport of sand from offsite. With
these measures in place the loose surficial sand
on properties to the north will quickly stabilize
as the native vegetation continues to grow.
following requirements to ensure that the mitigation is effective,
• Ensure that the wall is at least 6’ tall.
• Make sure that sand is cleared out from the
downwind side of the wall at least every 6
months or as necessary based on HOA
monitoring.
• Ensure that the vegetation remains established.
Sand will accumulate on the downwind side of the
perimeter walls over time. Based on the sand transport
flux analysis from Image 8, it is recommended that sand be removed at least every 6 months or as deemed
necessary by the HOA from behind the wall. It is
possible that sand will need to be cleared in some areas more frequently, depending on the specific geometry
and topography that surround the wall.
Similarly, it is recommended that the vegetation atop the east berm be regularly inspected and repaired, as
necessary. A 6-month schedule is advised, as some
areas of the vegetation may fill with sand like behind the mitigation walls.
Common equipment for removing sand from behind
mitigation walls include a typical excavator and dump
truck. Other equipment that is commonly used is a
sweeping device, to minimize any potential damage to
the wall and service road.
-108-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Should these measures require additional
mitigations on a temporary basis, the following
programs are proposed:
(a) With appropriate permission from the
property owners to the north, the
master developer will undertake either
sand fencing or surface stabilization
or both on the northerly properties.
(b) Temporary security fencing (chain
link) at the boundary of said properties
will be installed to protect surface
stabilization efforts at the master
developer’s expense upon receipt of
such permissions.
(c) Lacking such permission, interim
onsite fencing will be installed along
the northerly property line until such
time as the 6-foot high perimeter
masonry wall is constructed.
6. Course of Construction Mitigations: During the
course of construction and to mitigate blow
sand impacts prior to complete build-out of the
Project the following measures are proposed.
(a) Construction vehicle and equipment
routing will be directed to the
northerly portions of the site.
(b) Watering and dust controls will be
enforced per local ordinance.
(c) Blow sand fencing will be installed
within the un-built portions of the
project area in locations specifically
selected to protect adjacent residential
development. The number, extent and
location of such fences will be
determined as a function of phased
building permits so that the mitigation
measures may be tailored to
construction and development
schedules.
(d) Additional measures such as surface
stabilization, the planting of ground
cover and access control to prohibit
vehicular use will all be reviewed as to
their efficacy at the time the measures
are required.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
6.6.2 NOISE/VIBRATION: An updated Noise Report dated January 2024 was prepared by LSA Associates, Inc., for the 2024 SPA and is included as Appendix M of the 2024 SPA CEQA Consistency Analysis. The updated Noise Report determined, consistent with the Adopted 1997 MND, with implementation of mitigation measures shown below, no new noise impacts would occur as a result of implementation of the 2024 SPA. An updated vibration study will be prepared for the 2024 Specific Plan Amendment area in accordance with the City’s current General Plan mitigation measure NOI-3 requiring a draft and/or final vibration study prior to approval of development plans or issuance of a building permit for new development projects within 150 feet of UPRR railroad tracks. The original "Rio Vista Village Preliminary Noise Analysis", City of Cathedral City, California, prepared by Robert Kahn John Kain & Associates, Inc., 1601 Dove Street, Suite 290, Newport Beach, CA 92660, October 15, 1997 was updated by the LSA Noise Report. The noise impacts and mitigation measures contained in the 1997 noise analysis by Kain and Associates and revised by the 2024 LSA noise report are as follows:
A PROJECT IMPACTS: An acoustical analysis has been completed to determine the exterior and interior noise exposure and the necessary noise mitigation measures for the Rio Vista Village project. The project site is located north of Verona Road and west of Landau Boulevard in the City of Cathedral City. (1) The results of this analysis indicate that future vehicle noise from the I10 Freeway and the Southern Pacific Railroad tracks are the principal source of community noise that will impact the site. However, noise levels on the project site will meet the City's outdoor 65 CNEL exterior standard for outdoor areas and 45 CNEL interior noise standards, if the recommended mitigation measures include the construction of an 15 8 foot-high noise barrier, a "windows closed" condition requiring a mechanical ventilation system and upgraded windows for those residential units exposed to the I-10 Freeway and the Southern Pacific Railroad tracks. Noise control measure details are presented in the "Summary of Recommendations" of this report.
(2) The noise control analysis and recommendations in this report area intended to demonstrate that the noise criteria of the General Plan of Cathedral City for the project will be met, if the mitigation measures as recommended in this report are implemented.
B RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES: The following mitigation measures are recommended to mitigate the project's potential noise impacts:
(1) TRAFFIC NOISE MITIGATION MEASURES: Prior to approval of any subsequent maps for the Rio Vista Village project, the developer shall -110-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 coordinate with the City in providing mitigation of traffic noise impacts on existing residences. Specific mitigation shall include:
(a) Preparation of a detailed acoustical analysis determining precise needs for roadway attenuation,
(b) Construction of any improvements identified in the study as necessary to mitigate adverse impacts, and
(c) A fair-share assessment of fee responsibilities among the major developers for construction of improvements, based on each major development's contribution to traffic volumes along the impacted roadways.
(d) The 15 8 foot high wall will be fully constructed prior to occupancy of any dwellings within areas requiring the wall for noise mitigation. (2) For all areas within the General Plan buildout (Post-2020) 65 CNEL roadway contours, residential lots and dwellings shall be sound attenuated against present and projected noise, which shall be the sum of all noise impacting the project, so as not to exceed an exterior standard of 65 CNEL in outdoor living areas and an interior standard of 45 dB CNEL in all habitable rooms. An acoustical study shall be prepared under the supervision of a person experienced in the field of acoustical engineering.
Evidence that above standards will be satisfied in a manner consistent with applicable zoning regulations shall be submitted as follows:
(a) Prior to the recordation of a final tract/parcel map or prior to the issuance of Grading Permits, at the sole discretion of the City, an Acoustical Analysis Report shall be submitted to the City for approval. The report shall describe in detail the exterior noise environment and preliminary mitigation measures. Acoustical design features to achieve interior noise standards may be included in the report in which case it may also satisfy "B" below. (b) Prior to the issuance of any building permits, an acoustical analysis report describing the acoustical design features of the structures required to satisfy the exterior and interior noise standards shall be submitted to the City for approval along with satisfactory evidence which indicates that the sound attenuation measures specified in the approved acoustical report(s) have been incorporated into the design of the project.
(c) Prior to the issuance of any Certificates of Use and Occupancy, field testing in accordance with California Administration Code Title 25 regulations may be required by the County, to verify compliance -111-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 with Sound Transmission Class (STC) and Impact Insulation Class (HC) design standards.
C CONSTRUCTION NOISE MITIGATION MEASURES: All construction activity shall comply with the provisions of the Cathedral City Municipal Code including but not limited to restrictions concerning the hours and days of operation.
Consistent with Cathedral City Municipal Code Section 11.96.070, construction would be permitted to occur between the hours of 7:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., Monday to Friday, and between 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays between October 1 and April 30 and between 6:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m., Monday to Friday, and between 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. between May 1 through September 30. (1) All construction vehicles or equipment fixed or mobile-operated shall be equipped with properly operating and maintained mufflers. (2) Stockpiling and/or vehicle staging areas shall be located as far as practical from noise sensitive areas.
D UNIT VENTILATION: When the operable doors and windows are open, it is expected that the interior 45 CNEL limit for the Rio Vista Village may be exceeded.
Therefore, a windows "Closed" condition is required for this use to meet the interior noise standard. For this windows-closed condition, a means of mechanical ventilation may be provided using one of the following alternative methods:
(1) A "summer switch" on the forced air heating/cooling unit for the building.
The summer switch permits fan operations for ventilation at reference points 1 and 2, independent of the heating and cooling function. The UBC requires that the system shall be capable of supplying a minimum of 5 cubic feet per minute of outside air per occupant, with a total circulated of not less than 15 cubic feet per minute per occupant in all portions of the building, during such time as the building is occupied. If the velocity of the air at the register exceeds 10 feet per second, the register shall be placed more than 8 feet above the floor directly beneath. The fresh air intake duct should be a flexible fiberglass sound attenuating construction. The duct may be at least ten (10) feet long or at least six (6) feet long with one sharp 90° bend. The intake duct should have an in-line mechanical quad damper before the fan. (2) A through wall air conditioner or heat pump. Such a unit must supply a minimum of 5 cubic feet per minute outside air per occupant for the total circulated air of not less than 15 cubic feet per minute per occupant in all portions of the building, during such time as the building is occupied. The unit should have an approximate overall dimension of 18" x 24" or less with a vent opening no greater than 6" in diameter. Or, the unit may be an approved alternative with acceptable acoustical transmission performance. -112-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 (3) An attic fan system. Such a system would bring outside air to the building interior and exhaust the interior area air past a ceiling fan into the attic space and out the attic vent. The air may be ducted into the building through 10 feet of flexible fiberglass ducting, with one sharp 90° bend. The intake opening for the ducting should be in the side of the building which faces away from the I-10 Freeway. As required by the UBC, the system must provide 5 cubic feet per minute of outside air per occupant, with a total circulated of not less than 15 cubic feet per minute per occupant within all portions of the building, during such time as the building is occupied. (4) Any other method of ventilation which meets the UBC requirements for 5 cubic feet per minute of outside air per occupant, with the total circulated of not less than 15 cubic feet per minute preoccupant in all portions of the building, during such time as the building is occupied.
E NOISE CONTROL BARRIER CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS: The necessary noise barrier mitigation will be accomplished if the noise barrier construction materials have a weight of at least 4 pounds per square foot of face area. The recommended barrier must present a solid face from top to bottom, and no openings or decorative cutouts should be made. All gaps (except for weep holes) should be filled with grout or caulking. The required noise control barriers may be constructed using one of the following alternative materials:
(1) Masonry block;
(2) Stucco veneer over wood framing (or foam core), or 1-inch-thick tongue and groove wood of sufficient weight per square foot;
(3) 1/4-inch-thick glass, acrylic plastic, or other transparent materials with sufficient weight per square foot may be used to provide views; (4) Earthen berm;
(5) Any combination of these materials or other construction materials with a minimum weight of 3.5 pounds per square foot of face area.
6.6.3 TRAFFIC IMPACT: Per report "Rio Vista Village Traffic Impact Analysis", City of Cathedral City, California, prepared by: Robert Kahn John Kain & Associates, Inc., 1601 Dove Street, Suite 290, Newport Beach, CA 92660, October 8, 1997.
A DEVELOPMENT DESCRIPTION: Rio Vista Village has been designed to incorporate Traditional Neighborhood Design (TND) circulation features. In addition, the proposed development minimizes "through traffic" impacts to the surrounding area by terminating Landau Boulevard within the boundary of Cathedral City.
(1) For Opening Year traffic conditions, the project site is proposed to be developed with 260 single-family detached residential dwelling units, 156 apartment dwelling units, 179 condominium dwelling units, and 7 acres of -113-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 park use. For buildout traffic conditions, the project site will be developed with a total of 1,030 single-family detached residential dwelling units, 156 apartment dwelling units, 179 condominium dwelling units, 7 acres of park, 700 student elementary school and 15,000 square feet of commercial retail. (2) For existing traffic conditions, the study area intersections operate at Level of Service "C" or better during the peak hours. The proposed Opening Year development is projected to generate approximately 5,290 trip-ends per day with 400 vehicles per hour during the AM peak hour and 530 vehicles per hour during the PM peak hour.
(3) The proposed buildout development is projected to generate a total of approximately 15,570 trip-ends per day with 1,230 vehicles per hour during the AM peak hour and 1,520 vehicles per hour during the PM peak hour.
The proposed project will have access to the extensions of Landau Boulevard and Avenida Quintana.
(4) For Opening Year without project traffic conditions, study area intersections are projected to operate at Level of Service "C" or better during the peak hours without improvements.
(5) For Opening Year with project traffic conditions, study area intersections are projected to operate at Level of Service "C" or better during the peak hours without improvements.
(6) For study area buildout without project traffic conditions, the following study area intersections are projected to operate at unacceptable levels of service during the peak hours, without improvements: Gene Autry Trail (NS) at Vista Chino (EW); Date Palm Drive (NS) at Vista Chino (EW). (7) For study area buildout without project traffic conditions, study area intersections are projected to operate at Level of Service "D" or better during the peak hours with the improvements listed in Table 5-4 of the traffic report.
(8) For study area buildout with project traffic conditions, the following study area intersections are projected to operate at unacceptable levels of service during the peak hours, without improvements: Gene Autry Trail (NS) at Vista Chino (EW); Date Palm Drive (NS) at Vista Chino (EW). (9) For study area buildout with project traffic conditions, study area intersections are projected to operate at Level of Service "D" or better during the peak hours with the improvements listed in Table 5-64 of the traffic report.
(10) For study area building traffic conditions with the project, a traffic signal is projected to be warranted at the following study area intersections: Landau Boulevard (NS) at Rio Vista Boulevard Drive (EW). This measure was -114-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 satisfied through the completion of a Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis prepared by EPD Solutions on December 22, 2023, which determined a traffic signal is not warranted at the intersection.
B PHASE I MITIGATIONS: For Phase 1 of the project site, the following network features should be constructed.
(1) Construct the extension of Landau Boulevard as a Secondary Major Highway to the Rio Vista Boulevard one-way couplet. This measure is complete.
(2) Construct the Rio Vista Boulevard couplet from Landau Boulevard to west of the central project traffic circle. This measure is complete. (3) Construct a traffic roundabout at the intersection of Verona Road and Landau Boulevard. Existing intersection constructed without a roundabout.
This measure is complete.
(4) Construct The Completion of construction of the northerly extension of Avenida Quintana as a Local Collector will be completed as a project design feature as part of the project for the 2024 SPA area.
(5) Improve the north side of Verona Road from Avenida Quintana to Landau Boulevard at its ultimate half-section width as a Local Collector. This measure is complete.
C PHASE 2 MITIGATIONS: For Phase 2 of the project site, the following additional network features should be constructed.
(1) Construct a Collector connection to Verona Road from Rio Vista Boulevard between the proposed elementary school and the project commercial retail site.
This measure is complete.
(2) The Completion ofthe westerly extension of Rio Vista Boulevard will be completed as a project design feature as part of the 2024 SPA. (3) A traffic signal is projected to be warranted at the intersection of Landau Boulevard/Rio Vista Boulevard in conjunction with development of the site north of the project which will take access to the northerly extension of Landau Boulevard. This measure was satisfied through the completion of a Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis prepared by EPD Solutions on December 22, 2023, which determined a traffic signal is not warranted at the intersection.
(4) The project should contribute to the installation of off-site traffic signals when warranted through the payment of traffic signal mitigation fees. . This measure is satisfied through the Applicant’s payment of the Development Impact Fees.
(5) The project should participate in an area wide funding program to provide phased implementation of the study area buildout approach lane geometrics -115-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 at study area intersections as shown on Exhibits 5-1 through 5-Q 4 of the traffic report. This measure will be satisfied through the Applicant’s payment of the latest areawide impact fees.
6.6.4 HYDROLOGY: [Please refer to CEQA Consistency Analysis Rio Vista Village (Verano) Specific Plan Amendment and Tentative Tract Map Nos. 38709, 38710, 38711, 38712, 38713 and 38902 for 2024 Specific Plan Amendment Area hydrology information.] Per report "Rio Vista Village Hydrology/Drainage" prepared by Mainiero Smith and Associates, 777 Tahquitz Canyon Way, Suite 301, Palm Springs, CA, October 7, 1997.
A IMPACTS: The site generally drains from northwest to southeast. It is proposed that Boulevard Retention Areas as well as the Verona Retention Areas be used to retain 100% of the stormwater runoff from a 100 year 243-hour storm. Based on the Land Use Plan for Rio Vista Village approximately 60 acre-feet of total storage capacity is required to retain the 100 year 243-hour storm.Instorm. In addition, the Morongo Creek Stormwater Channel, the neighborhood park, the roundabouts, portions of the school site and the swimming lagoon pool will not contribute to the stormwater runoff that must be retained and would be passed through downstream.
B MITIGATIONS: In general, it is proposed that storm water retention be accommodated by a series of linear retention basins located either within the 100 foot wide median of the main boulevard or in a 40 foot wide easement along the south side of the project adjacent to the Verona Road ROW. (1) The Boulevard Retention Areas are 7.5 acres in size and have a capacity of 54 acre-feet. Each basin is intended to receive storm water from a designated section of the project and are not intended to permit flow from one basin to another. These basins are a maximum of 8 feet deep and have side slopes of 4:1 to generate the required volume of retention. (2) The Verona Retention Areas are 4 acres in size and have a total capacity of 15 acre-feet. Each basins isbasin is a maximum of 5 feet deep with side slopes of 4:1.
Status: Satisfied. Existing stormwater retention basins are in place between Rio Vista Drive and to the north of Verona Road which will be utilized by the proposed project, consistent with the above mitigation. The stormwater retention basins for the Project site have been designed with the capacity to retain the 100-year, 3-hour storm event.
6.7 ON-SITE IMPROVEMENTS
The master developer is in discussion with the City and other agencies to establish a financially feasible method of infrastructure financing. Existing Assessment Districts, Community Service Districts and Community Facility Districts may be used when such existing districts meet the requirements of Rio Vista Village. In the event that a nhew district could serve as a means of -116-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 securing the needed financing, the master developer will determine the feasibility of creating such new district(s) and assist the City in their creation.
6.7.1 BACKBONE CIRCULATION SYSTEM: The master developer shall on a phased basis construct the backbone circulation system of streets, sidewalks, parkways, curb and gutters and service lanes. The precise phasing shall be determined by the sequence of Tract Maps submitted within each major phase.
A It is the intention of the master developer to develop the streets and service lanes as public Rights-of-Way and turn such public facilities over to the City for maintenance.
B In the event a particular project selects to utilize a private street system, maintenance costs shall be determined and included in the local Home Owners Association dues structure.
6.7.2 UTILITIES: All required backbone utilities for each major phase shall be installed by the master developer in accordance with currently accepted practices.
6.7.3 PARKS AND RECREATION FACILITIES: The master developer shall be responsible for the design, construction and interim maintenance of the Entry Feature Park, the Village Commons and the Water Park/Beach Club recreation facility.
A ENTRY FEATURE PARK: This passive park at the entry to the village will serve as the site for the entry monument. This monument is intended to provide a distant visual clue to the location of Rio Vista Village. The master developer shall design, construct and provide interim maintenance of this park/monument until such time as the Master HOA assumes responsibility. Discussions are on-going as to the manner in which the design will take place, competitions, selected commissions and the developer's choice being the currently discussed alternatives.
B VILLAGE COMMONS: The Village Commons is the local village park and will be constructed in Phase I. The design, construction and interim maintenance will be the responsibility of the master developer until the Master HOA assumes control.
C WATER PARK/BEACH CLUB: This facility is intended to meet the water oriented recreation needs of a service area much larger than Rio Vista Village. As such, the design, construction, operation and maintenance are not the sole responsibility of Rio Vista Village. The master developer has indicated a desire to assist in the design and construction of the facility as a component part of Phase I and is in discussion with the city regarding ownership, operations and maintenance responsibilities. It is clear, however, that the issues of ownership, operational control, legal liability and facility maintenance have not been resolved to the level necessary to execute the agreements between Burnett Development and the City.
D: RECREATION FACILITY: This facility is intended to complete and expand upon the existing amenity located at the southeast corner of Rio Vista Drive and Rio Arbolitos Road. This facility will include the existing pool, and new pool to -117-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 replace the incomplete pool shells, and sports courts. The design, construction and maintenance will be the responsibility of the master developer and the Master HOA will assume control as they do with the currently operating recreation facility.
6.7.4 COMMON AREA LANDSCAPE TREATMENTS: The master developer will improve all common landscape areas on a phased basis and provide interim maintenance until the Master HOA assumes responsibility. These improvements will be in accordance with the Master Landscape Plan.
6.8 FLOOD CONTROL
The Whitewater River and Morongo Wash are regional waterways serving to channel local flood waters. In the developed areas, stormwater runoff is collected within streets and pipes before discharging into on-site basins. A portion of these basins, the basins east of Avenida Quintana, will be utilized by the multifamily development to mitigate the runoff. The runoff from the remainder of the SPA, the single-family lots, will be mitigated with the extension of Rio Vista Drive to the west and the proposed basins matching the basins in the developed area. Additionally, the existing basin immediately north of Verona Road will be extended westerly to help with the stormwater management of the project.
While outside the purview of the developers of Rio Vista Village, the master developer is working with CVWD to coordinate the flood control and blowsand mitigation programs. Currently the Morongo Wash is blocked upstream of Rio Vista Village by the elimination of the bridge at the railroad more than 10 years ago. Discussions with CVWD indicate that a proposed trestle crossing of the Wash is in the design stage and within the near future the restoration of Morongo Wash as an active component of the regional flood control system is probable. At that time, CVWD is expected realign the channel and complete the concrete lined levee from Verona Road to the UP/SP railroad ROW.
6.9 ADMINISTRATION AND AMENDMENT OF THE SPECIFIC PLAN
The Director of Community Development shall determine if any proposal submitted for development review requires Planning Commission review and approval, including public hearings pursuant to City zoning procedures and policies. The underlying principles of the specific plan, however, endorse flexibility, adaptability and options as opposed to fixed and pre-determined solutions. As the Director reviews proposed development proposals, including alternative development approaches, findings shall be made in light of these underlying principles as well as the specific letter of the regulations.
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6.9.1 When a development proposal is determined to be consistent with the purpose and intent of this specific plan, approval may be granted including minor and incidental changes to the development standards within this specific plan.
6.9.2 APPEALS: Appeals of the decisions of the Director of Community Development or of the Planning Commission shall be administered per the policies and ordinances of the City Zoning Ordinance and according to prevailing law.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 APPENDIX A: Ahwahnee Principles (removed from body text of Specific Plan)
AHWAHNEE PRINCIPLES
PREAMBLE
Existing patterns of urban and suburban development seriously impair our quality of life. The symptoms are: more congestion and air pollution resulting from our increased dependence on automobiles, the loss of precious open space, the need for costly improvements to roads and public services, the inequitable distribution of economic resources and the loss of a sense of community.
By drawing upon the best from the past and the present, we can plan communities that will more successfully serve the needs of those who live and work within them. Such planning should adhere to certain fundamental principles.
COMMUNITY PRINCIPLES
1 All planning should be in the form of complete and integrated communities containing housing, shops, work places, schools, parks and civic facilities essential to the daily life of the residents.
2 Community size should be designed so that housing, jobs, daily needs and other activities are within easy walking distance of each other.
3 As many activities as possible should be located within easy walking distance of transit stops.
4 A community should contain a diversity of housing types to enable citizens from a wide range of economic levels and age groups to live within its boundaries. 5 Businesses within the community should provide a range of job types for the community’s residents.
6 The location and character of the community should be consistent with a larger transit network.
7 The community should have a center focus that combines commercial, civic, cultural and recreational uses.
8 The community should contain an ample supply of specialized open space in the form of squares, greens and parks, whose frequent use is encouraged through placement and design. 9 Public spaces should be designed to encourage the attention and presence of people at all hours of the day and night.
10 Each community or cluster of communities should have a well-defined edge, such as agricultural greenbelts or wildlife corridors, permanently protected from development. 11 Streets, pedestrian paths and bike paths should contribute to a system of fully connected and interesting routes to all destinations. Their design should encourage pedestrian and bicycle use by being small and spatially defined by buildings, trees and lighting, and by discouraging high speed traffic.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 12 Wherever possible, the natural terrain, drainage and vegetation of the community should be preserved with superior examples contained within parks or greenbelts. 13 The community design should help conserve resources and minimize waste. 14 Communities should provide for the efficient use of water through the use of natural drainage, drought tolerant landscaping and recycling.
15 The street orientation, the placement of buildings and the use of shading should contribute to the energy efficiency of the community.
REGIONAL PRINCIPLES
1 The regional land use planning structure should be integrated within a larger transportation network built around transit rather than freeways.
2 Regions should be bounded by and provide a continuous system of greenbelt/ wildlife corridors to be determined by natural conditions.
3 Regional institutions and services (government, stadiums, museums, etc.) should be located in the urban core.
4 Materials and methods of construction should be specific to the region, exhibiting continuity of history and culture and compatibility with the climate to encourage the development of local character and community identity.
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY
1 The General Plan should be updated to incorporate the above principles. 2 Rather than allowing developer-initiated, piecemeal development, local governments should take charge of the planning process. General Plans should designate where new growth, infill or redevelopment will be allowed to occur. 3 Prior to any development, a specific plan should be prepared based on the planning principles. With the adoption of specific plans, complying projects could proceed with minimal delay.
4 Plans should be developed through an open process and participants in the process should be provided visual models of all planning proposals.
Authored by: Peter Calthorpe
Michael Corbett
Andres Duany
Elizabeth Platter-Zybeck
Stefanos Polyzoides
Elizabeth Moule
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024
CHARTER OF THE NEW URBANISM
The Congress of the New Urbanism .views disinvestment in central cities, the spread of placeless sprawl, increasing separation by race and income, environmental deterioration, loss of agricultural lands and wilderness, and the erosion of society’s built heritage as one interrelated communitybuilding challenge.
We stand for the restoration of existing urban centers and towns within coherent metropolitan regions, the reconfiguration of sprawling suburbs into communities of real neighborhoods and diverse districts, the conservation of natural environments, and the preservation of our built legacy.
We recognize that physical solutions by themselves will not solve social and economic problems, but neither can economic vitality, community stability, and environmental health be sustained without a coherent and supportive physical framework.
We advocate the restructuring of public policy and development practices to support the following principles: neighborhoods should be diverse in use and population; communities should be designed for the pedestrian and transit as well as the car; cities and towns should be shaped by physically defined and universally accessible public spaces and community institutions; urban places should be framed by architecture and landscape design that celebrate local history, climate, ecology, and building practice.
We represent a broad-based citizenry, composed of public and private sector leaders, community activists, and multi-disciplinary professionals. We are committed to reestablishing the relationship between the art of building and the making of community, through citizen-based participatory planning and design.
We dedicate ourselves to reclaiming our homes, blocks, streets, parks, neighborhoods, districts, towns, cities, regions and environment.
We assert the following principles to guide public policy, development practice, urban planning, and design:
The region: Metropolis, city, and town
1. Metropolitan regions are finite places with geographic boundaries derived from topography, watersheds, coastlines, farmlands, regional parks, and river basins. The -122-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 Metropolis is made of multiple centers that are cities, towns, and villages, each within its own identifiable center and edges.
2. The metropolitan region is a fundamental economic unit of the contemporary world.
Governmental cooperation, public policy, physical planning, and economic strategies must reflect this new reality.
3. The metropolis has a necessary and fragile relationship to its agrarian hinterland and natural landscapes. The relationship is environmental, economic, and cultural. Farmland and nature are as important to the metropolis as the garden is to the house.
4. Development patterns should not blur or eradicate the edges of the metropolis. Infill development within existing urban areas conserves environmental resources, economic investment, and social fabric, while reclaiming marginal and abandoned areas.
Metropolitan regions should develop strategies to encourage such infill development over peripheral expansion.
5. Where appropriate, new development contiguous to urban boundaries should be organized as neighborhoods and districts, and be integrated with the existing urban pattern.
Noncontiguous development should be organized as towns and villages with their own urban edges, and planned for a jobs/housing balance, not as bedroom suburbs.
6. The development and redevelopment of towns and cities should respect historical patterns, precedents, and boundaries.
7. Cities and towns should bring into proximity a broad spectrum of public and private uses to support a regional economy that benefits people of all incomes. Affordable housing should be distributed throughout the region to match job opportunities and to avoid concentrations of poverty.
8. The physical organization of the region should be supported by a framework of transportation alternatives. Transit, pedestrian, and bicycle systems should maximize access and mobility throughout the region while reducing dependence upon the automobile.
9. Revenues and resources can be shared more cooperatively among the municipalities and centers within regions to avoid destructive competition for tax base and to promote rational coordination of transportation, recreation, public services, housing, and community institutions.
The Neighborhood, the district, and the corridor
1. The neighborhood, the district, and the corridor are the essential elements of development and redevelopment in the metropolis. They form identifiable areas that encourage citizens to take responsibility for their maintenance and evolution.
2. Neighborhoods should be compact, pedestrian friendly, and mixed-use. Districts generally emphasize a special single use, and should follow the principles of neighborhood design -123-
1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 when possible. Corridors are regional connectors of neighborhoods and districts; they range from boulevards and rail lines to rivers and parkways.
3. Many activities of daily living should occur within walking distance, allowing independence to those who do not drive, especially the elderly and the young.
Interconnected networks of streets should be designed to encourage walking, reduce the number and length of automobile trips, and conserve energy.
4. Within neighborhoods, a broad range of housing types and price levels can bring people of diverse ages, races, and incomes into daily interaction, strengthening the personal and civic bonds essential to an authentic community.
5. Transit corridors, when properly planned and coordinated, can help organize metropolitan structure and revitalize urban centers. In contrast, highway corridors should not displace investment from existing centers.
6. Appropriate building densities and land uses should be within walking distance of transit stops, permitting public transit to become a viable alternative to the automobile. 7 Concentrations of civic, institutional, and commercial activity should be embedded in neighborhoods and districts, not isolated in remote, single-use complexes. Schools should be sized and located to enable children to walk or bicycle to them.
8. The economic health and harmonious evolution of neighborhoods, districts, and corridors can be improved through graphic urban design codes that serve as predictable guides for change.
9. A range of parks, from tot-lots and village greens to ballfields and community gardens, should be distributed within neighborhoods. Conservation areas and open lands should be used to define and connect different neighborhoods and districts.
The block, the street, and the building
1. A primary task of all urban architecture and landscape design is the physical definition of streets and public spaces as places of shared use.
2. Individual architectural projects should be seamlessly linked to their surroundings. This issue transcends style.
3. The revitalization of urban places depends on safety and security. The design of streets and buildings should reinforce safe environments, but not at the expense of accessibility and openness.
4. In the contemporary metropolis, development must adequately accommodate automobiles.
It should do so in ways that respect the pedestrian and the form of public space.
5. Streets and squares should be safe, comfortable, and interesting to the pedestrian. Properly configured, they encourage walking and enable neighbors to know each other and protect their communities.
6. Architecture and landscape design should grow from local climate, topography, history, and building practice.
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7. Civic buildings and public gathering places require important sites to reinforce community identity and the culture of democracy. They deserve distinctive form, because their role is different from that of other buildings and places that constitute the fabric of the city.
8. All buildings should provide their inhabitants with a clear sense of location, weather and time. Natural methods of heating and cooling can be more resource-efficient that mechanical systems.
9. Preservation and renewal of historic buildings, districts, and landscapes affirm the continuity and evolution of urban society.
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1997 Rio Vista Village Specific Plan Amended 2016, 2017 and 2024 APPENDIX B: Plant Palette (Updated as of 2024)
PROPOSED PLANT PALETTE
TREE AND PALMS
BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME SIZE
DALBERGIA SISSOO INDIAN ROSEWOOD 24" BOX
TIPUANA TIPU TIPU TREE 24" BOX
OLEA EUROPAEA SWAN HILL - OLIVE TREE 24" BOX
ACACIA STENOPHYLLA SHOESTRING ACACIA 24" BOX
ACACIA SALICINA WILLOW ACACIA 24" BOX
CERCIDIUM X 'DESERT MUSEUM' PALO VERDE 24" BOX
ACACIA ANEURA MULGA 24" BOX
PINUS HALEPENISS ALEPPO PINE 24" BOX
ACACIA FRANESIANA SWEET SIERRA 24" BOX
CHILOPSIS LINEARIS DESERT WILLOW 24" BOX
PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA 'ZAHIDI DATE PALM' 18' BTH
WASHINGTONIA ROBUSTA MEXICAN FAN PAM 18' BTH
DESERT ACCENTS
AGAVE SISALANA SISAL 5 GAL.
AGAVE ANGUSTIFOLIA CARIBBEAN AGAVE 5 GAL.
AGAVE GEMINIFLORA TWIN-FLOWERING AGAVE 5 GAL.
HESPERALOE PARVIFLORA DESERT FLAMENCO 5 GAL.
ECHINOCACTUS GRUSONII GOLDEN BARREL CACTUS 5 GAL.
SHRUBS
CAESALPINIA PULCHERRIMA RED BIRD OF PARADISE 5 GAL.
LEUCOPHYLLUM PRUINOSUM SIERRA BOUQUET 5 GAL.
SENNA ARTEMISIOIDES FEATHERY CASSIA 5 GAL.
TECOMA STANS YELLOW BELLS 5 GAL.
LEUCOPHYLLUM LANGMANIAE LYNS LEGACY 5 GAL.
OLEA EUROPAEA LITTLE OLLIE 5 GAL.
RUSSELIA EQUISETIFORMIS CORAL BELLS 5 GAL.
LEUCOPHYLLUM ZYGOPHYLLUM CIMARRON 5 GAL.
CARISSA MACROCARPA BOXWOOD BEAUTY 5 GAL.
CALLISTEMON VIMINALIS LITTLE JOHN 5 GAL.
GRASSES
MUHLENBERGIA CAPILLARIS REGAL MIST 5 GAL.
LOMANDRA LONGIFOLIA PLATINUM BEAUTY 5 GAL.
DIANELLA TASMANICA VARIEGATA 5 GAL.
GROUNDCOVER AND VINES
DALEA GREGGII TRAILING INDIGO BUSH 5 GAL.
CARISSA M. GREEN CARPET 5 GAL.
EVOLVULUS GLOMERATUS HAWAIIAN BLUE EYES 5 GAL.
BOUGANVILLEA 'LA JOLLA' 5 GAL.
DURANTA REPENS SKY FLOWER 5 GAL.
MACFADYENA UNGUIS CATS CLAW 5 GAL.
Model Output: OFFROAD2021 (v1.0.5) Emissions Inventory
Region Type: Sub-Area
Region: Riverside (SS)
Calendar Year: 2025
Scenario: All Adopted Rules - Exhaust
Vehicle Classification: OFFROAD2021 Equipment Types
Units: tons/day for Emissions, gallons/year for Fuel, hours/year for Activity, Horsepower-hours/year for Horsepower-hours Region Calendar Year VehClass MdlYr HP_Bin Fuel Fuel Consumption Horsepower Hours Fuel Rate Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Rubber Tired Dozers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 39377.46092 829789.08 0.047455 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1053990.624 19841398.14 0.053121 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Graders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 157679.7216 3059408.044 0.051539 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Scrapers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 406133.9976 8445175.594 0.048091 Riverside (SS) 2025 Industrial - Forklifts Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 80254.51297 1507014.993 0.053254 Riverside (SS) 2025 Light Commercial - Misc - Generator Sets Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 41377.56677 356893.35 0.115938 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Cranes Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 120293.4434 2269158.267 0.053012 Riverside (SS) 2025 Light Commercial - Misc - Welders Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 36996.19921 974155.8 0.037978 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Pavers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 69365.55688 1346471.665 0.051517 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Paving Equipment Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 76942.24607 1503796.395 0.051165 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Rollers Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 183381.4822 3486892.487 0.052592 Riverside (SS) 2025 Light Commercial - Misc - Air Compressors Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 6467.092835 198523.5 0.032576 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Misc - Concrete/Industrial Saws Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 431.9533036 10358.7 0.041700 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Crawler Tractors Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 338238.7454 6699353.865 0.050488 Riverside (SS) 2025 Construction and Mining - Off-Highway Trucks Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 448766.4049 9171411.033 0.048931 Source: EMFAC2021 (v1.0.2) Emissions Inventory
Region Type: Sub-Area
Region: Riverside (SS)
Calendar Year: 2025
Season: Annual
Vehicle Classification: EMFAC2007 Categories
Units: miles/day for CVMT and EVMT, trips/day for Trips, kWh/day for Energy Consumption, tons/day for Emissions, 1000 gallons/day for Fuel Consumption Region Calendar Year Vehicle Category Model Year Speed Fuel VMT Fuel Consumption Fuel Rate Riverside (SS) 2025 MHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 124731.247 13.71086011 9.10 Riverside (SS) 2025 HHDT Aggregate Aggregate Diesel 1394439.606 221.7595315 6.29 Source: EMFAC2021 (v1.0.2) Emissions Inventory
Region Type: Sub-Area
Region: Riverside (SS)
Calendar Year: 2025
Season: Annual
Vehicle Classification: EMFAC2007 Categories
Units: miles/day for CVMT and EVMT, trips/day for Trips, kWh/day for Energy Consumption, tons/day for Emissions, 1000 gallons/day for Fuel Consumption Region Calendar Year Vehicle Category Model Year Speed Fuel VMT Fuel Consumption Riverside (SS) 2025 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 4293886.826 145.9017666 29.43 Riverside (SS) 2025 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 442743.1717 18.42400625 24.03 Riverside (SS) 2025 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 2642156.909 109.8065669 24.06 50/25/25 Split 26.74
Source: EMFAC2021 (v1.0.2) Emissions Inventory
Region Type: Sub-Area
Region: Riverside (SS)
Calendar Year: 2040
Season: Annual
Vehicle Classification: EMFAC2007 Categories
Units: miles/day for CVMT and EVMT, trips/day for Trips, kWh/day for Energy Consumption, tons/day for Emissions, 1000 gallons/day for Fuel Consumption Region Calendar Year Vehicle Category Model Year Speed Fuel VMT Fuel Consumption Riverside (SS) 2040 LDA Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 4189547.543 120.7292253 34.70 Riverside (SS) 2040 LDT1 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 403907.8326 13.76605098 29.34 Riverside (SS) 2040 LDT2 Aggregate Aggregate Gasoline 3273883.687 113.1273758 28.94 50/25/25 Split 31.92
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Previous Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report Table of Contents
1. Basic Project Information
1.1. Basic Project Information
1.2. Land Use Types
1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector
2. Emissions Summary
2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
2.2. Construction Emissions by Year, Unmitigated
2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
3. Construction Emissions Details
3.1. Site Preparation (2025) - Unmitigated
3.3. Grading (2025) - Unmitigated
3.5. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
3.7. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated
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3.9. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated
3.11. Building Construction (2028) - Unmitigated
3.13. Building Construction (2029) - Unmitigated
3.15. Building Construction (2030) - Unmitigated
3.17. Building Construction (2031) - Unmitigated
3.19. Building Construction (2032) - Unmitigated
3.21. Building Construction (2033) - Unmitigated
3.23. Building Construction (2034) - Unmitigated
3.25. Building Construction (2035) - Unmitigated
3.27. Building Construction (2036) - Unmitigated
3.29. Building Construction (2037) - Unmitigated
3.31. Building Construction (2038) - Unmitigated
3.33. Paving (2038) - Unmitigated
3.35. Paving (2039) - Unmitigated
3.37. Architectural Coating (2039) - Unmitigated
3.39. Architectural Coating (2040) - Unmitigated
4. Operations Emissions Details
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4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use
4.1.1. Unmitigated
4.2. Energy
4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
4.3. Area Emissions by Source
4.3.1. Unmitigated
4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use
4.4.1. Unmitigated
4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use
4.5.1. Unmitigated
4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use
4.6.1. Unmitigated
4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type
4.7.1. Unmitigated
4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type
4.8.1. Unmitigated
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4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type
4.9.1. Unmitigated
4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type
4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated
4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated
4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated
5. Activity Data
5.1. Construction Schedule
5.2. Off-Road Equipment
5.2.1. Unmitigated
5.3. Construction Vehicles
5.3.1. Unmitigated
5.4. Vehicles
5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
5.5. Architectural Coatings
5.6. Dust Mitigation
5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
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5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
5.7. Construction Paving
5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors
5.9. Operational Mobile Sources
5.9.1. Unmitigated
5.10. Operational Area Sources
5.10.1. Hearths
5.10.1.1. Unmitigated
5.10.2. Architectural Coatings
5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
5.11. Operational Energy Consumption
5.11.1. Unmitigated
5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
5.12.1. Unmitigated
5.13. Operational Waste Generation
5.13.1. Unmitigated
5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment Previous Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 6 / 63
5.14.1. Unmitigated
5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment
5.15.1. Unmitigated
5.16. Stationary Sources
5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps
5.16.2. Process Boilers
5.17. User Defined
5.18. Vegetation
5.18.1. Land Use Change
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
5.18.2. Sequestration
5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
6. Climate Risk Detailed Report
6.1. Climate Risk Summary
6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores
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6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores
6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures
7. Health and Equity Details
7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores
7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores
7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores
7.4. Health & Equity Measures
7.5. Evaluation Scorecard
7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures
8. User Changes to Default Data
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1. Basic Project Information
1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name Previous Verano Residential Development Project Construction Start Date 1/1/2025
Operational Year 2040
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 3.30
Precipitation (days) 11.2
Location 33.859065543543224, -116.4855266631483
County Riverside-Salton Sea
City Cathedral City
Air District South Coast AQMD
Air Basin Salton Sea
TAZ 5638
EDFZ 11
Electric Utility Southern California Edison
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.22
1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
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Single Family
Housing
459 Dwelling Unit 112 895,050 4,687,123 — 1,483 —
Apartments Low
Rise
375 Dwelling Unit 16.4 397,500 689,078 — 1,211 —
1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector No measures selected
2. Emissions Summary
2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 37.1 37.6 53.9 0.06 7.82 4.52 11,948
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 37.0 37.6 37.2 0.06 7.82 4.52 10,979
Average Daily (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 16.7 25.0 29.1 0.04 4.86 2.42 7,982
Annual (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 3.04 4.55 5.31 0.01 0.89 0.44 1,321
Exceeds (Daily Max) — — — — — — —
Threshold 75.0 100 550 150 150 55.0 —
Unmit. No No No No No No —
Exceeds (Average
Daily)
— — — — — — —
Threshold 75.0 100 550 150 150 55.0 —
Unmit. No No No No No No —
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2.2. Construction Emissions by Year, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Year ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily - Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
2025 4.14 37.6 34.1 0.06 7.82 4.52 7,040
2026 3.48 30.0 53.9 0.06 6.90 2.31 11,948
2027 3.09 14.8 51.1 0.05 6.86 1.92 11,745
2028 2.95 14.0 48.7 0.05 6.82 1.88 11,560
2029 2.82 13.3 46.3 0.05 6.79 1.86 11,373
2030 2.53 12.8 44.3 0.05 6.77 1.84 11,197
2031 2.43 12.4 42.3 0.05 6.76 1.83 11,027
2032 2.34 11.9 40.6 0.05 6.74 1.81 10,813
2033 2.25 11.4 39.1 0.05 6.71 1.79 10,667
2034 2.16 11.2 37.7 0.05 6.70 1.78 10,526
2035 2.12 10.9 36.4 0.05 6.69 1.76 10,402
2036 2.07 10.5 35.3 0.05 6.67 1.75 10,292
2037 1.99 10.3 34.4 0.05 6.64 1.74 10,188
2038 1.95 10.2 33.9 0.05 6.66 1.72 10,152
2039 37.1 5.33 10.4 0.01 1.14 0.27 1,701
Daily - Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
2025 4.12 37.6 33.4 0.06 7.82 4.52 6,994
2026 3.46 30.1 37.2 0.06 6.90 2.31 10,979
2027 2.76 15.2 35.6 0.05 6.86 1.92 10,804
2028 2.64 14.3 34.1 0.05 6.82 1.88 10,642
2029 2.36 13.7 32.9 0.05 6.79 1.86 10,475
2030 2.29 13.2 31.6 0.05 6.77 1.84 10,317
2031 2.20 12.6 30.4 0.05 6.76 1.83 10,165
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2032 2.12 12.2 29.5 0.05 6.74 1.81 10,019
2033 2.06 11.8 28.6 0.05 6.71 1.79 9,887
2034 1.99 11.5 27.9 0.05 6.70 1.78 9,706
2035 1.97 11.1 26.9 0.05 6.69 1.76 9,594
2036 1.92 10.8 26.4 0.05 6.67 1.75 9,494
2037 1.86 10.4 25.8 0.05 6.64 1.74 9,398
2038 1.83 10.3 25.5 0.05 6.66 1.72 9,362
2039 37.0 5.33 10.1 0.01 1.14 0.27 1,674
2040 37.0 1.13 3.50 < 0.005 1.14 0.27 1,089
Average Daily — — — — — — —
2025 2.76 25.0 22.9 0.04 4.29 2.42 4,606
2026 2.35 17.9 24.6 0.04 3.72 1.56 6,094
2027 2.04 10.6 29.1 0.03 4.86 1.36 7,982
2028 1.95 10.1 27.8 0.03 4.85 1.34 7,882
2029 1.88 9.56 26.6 0.03 4.82 1.32 7,734
2030 1.67 9.34 25.5 0.03 4.81 1.31 7,617
2031 1.61 8.94 24.5 0.03 4.79 1.30 7,503
2032 1.55 8.58 23.7 0.03 4.79 1.29 7,415
2033 1.50 8.34 22.9 0.03 4.76 1.27 7,259
2034 1.45 8.05 22.2 0.03 4.75 1.26 7,164
2035 1.43 7.87 21.5 0.03 4.74 1.25 7,080
2036 1.40 7.68 20.9 0.03 4.75 1.25 7,025
2037 1.36 7.41 20.3 0.03 4.71 1.24 6,935
2038 0.88 5.71 14.1 0.02 2.61 0.70 4,237
2039 16.7 1.93 4.58 < 0.005 0.59 0.16 968
2040 5.80 0.18 0.63 < 0.005 0.18 0.04 180
Annual — — — — — — —
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2025 0.50 4.55 4.18 0.01 0.78 0.44 763
2026 0.43 3.26 4.48 0.01 0.68 0.28 1,009
2027 0.37 1.94 5.31 0.01 0.89 0.25 1,321
2028 0.36 1.84 5.08 0.01 0.89 0.24 1,305
2029 0.34 1.74 4.85 0.01 0.88 0.24 1,281
2030 0.31 1.70 4.66 0.01 0.88 0.24 1,261
2031 0.29 1.63 4.46 0.01 0.87 0.24 1,242
2032 0.28 1.57 4.33 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,228
2033 0.27 1.52 4.18 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,202
2034 0.27 1.47 4.05 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,186
2035 0.26 1.44 3.93 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,172
2036 0.26 1.40 3.82 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,163
2037 0.25 1.35 3.71 0.01 0.86 0.23 1,148
2038 0.16 1.04 2.58 < 0.005 0.48 0.13 701
2039 3.04 0.35 0.84 < 0.005 0.11 0.03 160
2040 1.06 0.03 0.12 < 0.005 0.03 0.01 29.8
2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 51.0 19.6 192 0.42 38.2 10.2 53,758
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 44.6 20.2 103 0.37 38.2 10.2 49,270
Average Daily (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 46.4 19.1 132 0.37 35.8 9.56 48,982
Annual (Max) — — — — — — —
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Unmit. 8.46 3.48 24.2 0.07 6.54 1.75 8,109
Exceeds (Daily Max) — — — — — — —
Threshold 55.0 55.0 550 150 150 55.0 —
Unmit. No No No No No No —
Exceeds (Average
Daily)
— — — — — — —
Threshold 55.0 55.0 550 150 150 55.0 —
Unmit. No No No No No No —
Exceeds (Annual) — — — — — — —
Threshold — — — — — — 3,000
Unmit. — — — — — — Yes
2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Mobile 16.7 13.4 142 0.38 37.7 9.70 39,400
Area 34.0 0.44 47.6 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 127
Energy 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 12,226
Water — — — — — — 680
Waste — — — — — — 1,315
Refrig. — — — — — — 9.26
Total 51.0 19.6 192 0.42 38.2 10.2 53,758
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Mobile 14.4 14.5 101 0.34 37.7 9.70 35,039
Area 29.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Energy 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 12,226
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Water — — — — — — 680
Waste — — — — — — 1,315
Refrig. — — — — — — 9.26
Total 44.6 20.2 103 0.37 38.2 10.2 49,270
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Mobile 14.1 13.1 106 0.33 35.4 9.09 34,688
Area 31.9 0.22 23.5 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 62.6
Energy 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 12,226
Water — — — — — — 680
Waste — — — — — — 1,315
Refrig. — — — — — — 9.26
Total 46.4 19.1 132 0.37 35.8 9.56 48,982
Annual — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.58 2.39 19.4 0.06 6.45 1.66 5,743
Area 5.82 0.04 4.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 10.4
Energy 0.06 1.05 0.44 0.01 0.08 0.08 2,024
Water — — — — — — 113
Waste — — — — — — 218
Refrig. — — — — — — 1.53
Total 8.46 3.48 24.2 0.07 6.54 1.75 8,109
3. Construction Emissions Details
3.1. Site Preparation (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 4.05 37.5 32.4 0.05 1.93 1.78 5,547
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 5.66 2.69 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 4.05 37.5 32.4 0.05 1.93 1.78 5,547
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 5.66 2.69 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.33 12.3 10.7 0.02 0.63 0.58 1,824
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 1.86 0.88 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.24 2.25 1.95 < 0.005 0.12 0.11 302 Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 0.34 0.16 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.09 0.09 1.67 0.00 0.23 0.05 264
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.10 0.95 0.00 0.23 0.05 224
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.03 0.39 0.00 0.07 0.02 78.7
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 13.0
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.3. Grading (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 3.57 32.6 29.4 0.06 1.52 1.40 6,738
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 2.67 0.98 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 3.57 32.6 29.4 0.06 1.52 1.40 6,738
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 2.67 0.98 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.38 12.6 11.3 0.02 0.59 0.54 2,598
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 1.03 0.38 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.25 2.29 2.07 < 0.005 0.11 0.10 430 Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 0.19 0.07 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.11 0.10 1.91 0.00 0.26 0.06 301
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.11 1.08 0.00 0.26 0.06 256
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.04 0.52 0.00 0.10 0.02 106
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.02 < 0.005 17.5
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.5. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 3.39 30.0 28.7 0.06 1.38 1.27 6,738
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 2.67 0.98 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 3.39 30.0 28.7 0.06 1.38 1.27 6,738
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 2.67 0.98 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.57 13.9 13.3 0.03 0.64 0.59 3,125
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 1.24 0.45 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.29 2.54 2.43 0.01 0.12 0.11 517
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 0.23 0.08 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.09 0.10 1.77 0.00 0.26 0.06 295
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.10 1.00 0.00 0.26 0.06 251
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.58 0.00 0.12 0.03 124
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.02 0.01 20.6
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.7. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.16 10.7 14.1 0.03 0.41 0.38 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.16 10.7 14.1 0.03 0.41 0.38 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.29 2.67 3.52 0.01 0.10 0.09 661
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.05 0.49 0.64 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 109 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
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Worker 1.98 2.08 38.6 0.00 5.69 1.33 6,418
Vendor 0.10 2.85 1.23 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,891
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.63 2.26 21.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,454
Vendor 0.10 3.07 1.28 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,887
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.43 0.52 6.84 0.00 1.41 0.33 1,460
Vendor 0.02 0.75 0.31 0.01 0.20 0.06 723
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.09 1.25 0.00 0.26 0.06 242
Vendor < 0.005 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.04 0.01 120
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.9. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.11 10.2 14.0 0.03 0.36 0.34 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.11 10.2 14.0 0.03 0.36 0.34 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
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Off-Road Equipment 0.79 7.27 10.0 0.02 0.26 0.24 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.14 1.33 1.83 < 0.005 0.05 0.04 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.87 1.89 35.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 6,283
Vendor 0.10 2.72 1.19 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,823
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.55 2.06 20.4 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,346
Vendor 0.09 2.92 1.21 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,819
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 1.17 1.33 18.2 0.00 4.03 0.95 4,083
Vendor 0.07 2.03 0.85 0.02 0.57 0.18 2,014
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.21 0.24 3.32 0.00 0.74 0.17 676
Vendor 0.01 0.37 0.15 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 334
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.11. Building Construction (2028) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.07 9.66 14.0 0.03 0.33 0.30 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.07 9.66 14.0 0.03 0.33 0.30 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.77 6.92 10.1 0.02 0.23 0.21 1,890
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.14 1.26 1.83 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 313 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.79 1.69 33.5 0.00 5.69 1.33 6,164
Vendor 0.08 2.61 1.12 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,757
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.50 1.88 18.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,248
Vendor 0.07 2.81 1.16 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,755
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 1.13 1.20 17.0 0.00 4.05 0.95 4,018
Vendor 0.06 1.96 0.81 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,974
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.21 0.22 3.10 0.00 0.74 0.17 665
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Vendor 0.01 0.36 0.15 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 327
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.13. Building Construction (2029) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.04 9.28 14.0 0.03 0.30 0.28 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.04 9.28 14.0 0.03 0.30 0.28 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.74 6.63 10.00 0.02 0.21 0.20 1,885 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.14 1.21 1.82 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.70 1.50 31.2 0.00 5.69 1.33 6,053
Vendor 0.08 2.51 1.07 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,682
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.24 1.68 17.8 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,157
Vendor 0.07 2.70 1.12 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,680
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Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 1.08 1.06 15.8 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,936
Vendor 0.06 1.87 0.78 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,914
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.20 0.19 2.88 0.00 0.74 0.17 652
Vendor 0.01 0.34 0.14 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 317
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.15. Building Construction (2030) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.02 9.07 14.0 0.03 0.28 0.26 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.02 9.07 14.0 0.03 0.28 0.26 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.73 6.48 9.99 0.02 0.20 0.19 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.13 1.18 1.82 < 0.005 0.04 0.03 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.43 1.31 29.3 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,949
Vendor 0.08 2.42 1.05 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,609
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.20 1.49 16.5 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,072
Vendor 0.07 2.61 1.07 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,606
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.89 1.05 14.8 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,870
Vendor 0.05 1.80 0.75 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,862
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.16 0.19 2.70 0.00 0.74 0.17 641
Vendor 0.01 0.33 0.14 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 308
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.17. Building Construction (2031) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.99 8.77 13.9 0.03 0.26 0.24 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.99 8.77 13.9 0.03 0.26 0.24 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.71 6.27 9.95 0.02 0.19 0.17 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.13 1.14 1.82 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.36 1.30 27.3 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,854
Vendor 0.08 2.33 1.00 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,534
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.14 1.30 15.4 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,994
Vendor 0.07 2.51 1.05 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,532
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.85 0.92 13.8 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,810
Vendor 0.05 1.75 0.73 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,809
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.15 0.17 2.51 0.00 0.74 0.17 631
Vendor 0.01 0.32 0.13 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 300
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.19. Building Construction (2032) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
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Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.97 8.50 13.9 0.03 0.24 0.22 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.97 8.50 13.9 0.03 0.24 0.22 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.69 6.09 9.94 0.02 0.17 0.16 1,890
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.13 1.11 1.81 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 313 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.29 1.11 25.8 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,719
Vendor 0.08 2.28 0.98 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,456
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.08 1.29 14.6 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,926
Vendor 0.07 2.44 1.02 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,455
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.81 0.79 13.1 0.00 4.05 0.95 3,767
Vendor 0.05 1.71 0.72 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,758
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
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Worker 0.15 0.14 2.39 0.00 0.74 0.17 624
Vendor 0.01 0.31 0.13 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 291
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.21. Building Construction (2033) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.95 8.27 13.9 0.03 0.22 0.20 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.95 8.27 13.9 0.03 0.22 0.20 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.68 5.91 9.90 0.02 0.16 0.15 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 1.08 1.81 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.22 0.92 24.2 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,640
Vendor 0.08 2.21 0.96 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,389
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.04 1.11 13.7 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,861
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Vendor 0.07 2.37 1.00 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,388
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.77 0.78 12.3 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,669
Vendor 0.05 1.65 0.70 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,705
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.14 0.14 2.25 0.00 0.74 0.17 607
Vendor 0.01 0.30 0.13 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 282
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.23. Building Construction (2034) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.93 8.11 13.8 0.03 0.21 0.19 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.93 8.11 13.8 0.03 0.21 0.19 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.67 5.79 9.89 0.02 0.15 0.14 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 1.06 1.81 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.16 0.92 22.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,570
Vendor 0.08 2.16 0.93 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,318
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.98 1.10 13.0 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,750
Vendor 0.07 2.33 0.98 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,317
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.74 0.64 11.6 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,624
Vendor 0.05 1.62 0.68 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,655
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.13 0.12 2.12 0.00 0.74 0.17 600
Vendor 0.01 0.30 0.12 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 274
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.25. Building Construction (2035) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.92 7.90 13.8 0.03 0.19 0.18 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.92 7.90 13.8 0.03 0.19 0.18 2,638
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Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.65 5.64 9.83 0.02 0.14 0.13 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 1.03 1.79 < 0.005 0.03 0.02 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.13 0.91 21.7 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,507
Vendor 0.08 2.11 0.91 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,257
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.98 0.91 12.2 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,698
Vendor 0.07 2.28 0.95 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,257
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.72 0.64 11.0 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,584
Vendor 0.05 1.58 0.66 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,612
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.13 0.12 2.01 0.00 0.74 0.17 593
Vendor 0.01 0.29 0.12 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 267
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.27. Building Construction (2036) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Previous Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 32 / 63
Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.90 7.66 13.7 0.03 0.18 0.17 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.90 7.66 13.7 0.03 0.18 0.17 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.64 5.49 9.79 0.02 0.13 0.12 1,890
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 1.00 1.79 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 313 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.10 0.72 20.7 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,451
Vendor 0.08 2.09 0.91 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,203
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.95 0.90 11.7 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,652
Vendor 0.07 2.23 0.95 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,203
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.70 0.64 10.5 0.00 4.05 0.95 3,558
Vendor 0.05 1.56 0.66 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,577
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.13 0.12 1.91 0.00 0.74 0.17 589
Vendor 0.01 0.28 0.12 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 261
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.29. Building Construction (2037) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.88 7.51 13.5 0.03 0.17 0.16 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.88 7.51 13.5 0.03 0.17 0.16 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.63 5.36 9.68 0.02 0.12 0.11 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 0.98 1.77 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.03 0.72 19.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,401
Vendor 0.08 2.04 0.89 0.02 0.78 0.25 2,148
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
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Worker 0.91 0.72 11.3 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,611
Vendor 0.07 2.20 0.93 0.02 0.78 0.25 2,149
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.68 0.51 10.0 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,516
Vendor 0.05 1.53 0.64 0.01 0.56 0.18 1,534
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.12 0.09 1.83 0.00 0.74 0.17 582
Vendor 0.01 0.28 0.12 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 254
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.31. Building Construction (2038) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.88 7.41 13.5 0.03 0.16 0.15 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.88 7.41 13.5 0.03 0.16 0.15 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.33 2.81 5.13 0.01 0.06 0.06 1,002
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.06 0.51 0.94 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 166 Previous Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 35 / 63
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.00 0.71 19.5 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,403
Vendor 0.08 2.07 0.88 0.02 0.80 0.23 2,110
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.89 0.71 11.0 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,613
Vendor 0.07 2.22 0.92 0.02 0.80 0.23 2,111
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.34 0.27 5.24 0.00 2.14 0.50 1,870
Vendor 0.03 0.82 0.34 0.01 0.30 0.09 801
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.39 0.09 310
Vendor 0.01 0.15 0.06 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 133
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.33. Paving (2038) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.50 5.38 9.76 0.01 0.11 0.10 1,516
Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.50 5.38 9.76 0.01 0.11 0.10 1,516
Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.17 1.80 3.27 < 0.005 0.04 0.03 507 Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.03 0.33 0.60 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 84.0 Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.02 0.67 0.00 0.20 0.05 186
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.02 0.38 0.00 0.20 0.05 159
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.16 0.00 0.07 0.02 56.8
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 9.40
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Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.35. Paving (2039) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.49 5.31 9.75 0.01 0.11 0.10 1,516
Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.49 5.31 9.75 0.01 0.11 0.10 1,516
Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.13 1.42 2.61 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 406 Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.02 0.26 0.48 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 67.3 Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.02 0.65 0.00 0.20 0.05 185
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.37 0.00 0.20 0.05 158
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.05 0.01 45.2
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 7.48
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.37. Architectural Coating (2039) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 0.99 1.46 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 179 Architectural Coatings 36.8 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 0.99 1.46 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 179 Architectural Coatings 36.8 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
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Off-Road Equipment 0.05 0.44 0.65 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 79.7 Architectural Coatings 16.4 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.01 0.08 0.12 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 13.2 Architectural Coatings 2.99 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.19 0.14 3.79 0.00 1.14 0.27 1,073
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.14 0.14 2.13 0.00 1.14 0.27 916
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.06 1.19 0.00 0.50 0.12 436
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.22 0.00 0.09 0.02 72.2
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.39. Architectural Coating (2040) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Previous Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 40 / 63
Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 0.99 1.46 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 179 Architectural Coatings 36.8 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.02 0.15 0.23 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 28.0 Architectural Coatings 5.76 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment < 0.005 0.03 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 4.63 Architectural Coatings 1.05 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.13 0.14 2.04 0.00 1.14 0.27 910
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.41 0.00 0.18 0.04 152
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.01 25.2
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Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4. Operations Emissions Details
4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use
4.1.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 9.84 7.93 84.0 0.22 22.2 5.71 23,216 Apartments Low Rise 6.86 5.52 58.5 0.16 15.5 3.98 16,184 Total 16.7 13.4 142 0.38 37.7 9.70 39,400
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 8.49 8.55 59.5 0.20 22.2 5.72 20,646 Apartments Low Rise 5.92 5.96 41.5 0.14 15.5 3.98 14,393 Total 14.4 14.5 101 0.34 37.7 9.70 35,039
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 1.57 1.46 11.9 0.04 3.94 1.01 3,505 Apartments Low Rise 1.01 0.93 7.57 0.02 2.51 0.65 2,238 Total 2.58 2.39 19.4 0.06 6.45 1.66 5,743
4.2. Energy
4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Previous Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 42 / 63
Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 3,086
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 1,849
Total — — — — — — 4,935
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 3,086
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 1,849
Total — — — — — — 4,935
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 511
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 306
Total — — — — — — 817
4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 0.24 4.12 1.75 0.03 0.33 0.33 5,246 Apartments Low Rise 0.09 1.61 0.68 0.01 0.13 0.13 2,045 Total 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 7,291
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 0.24 4.12 1.75 0.03 0.33 0.33 5,246 Apartments Low Rise 0.09 1.61 0.68 0.01 0.13 0.13 2,045 Total 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 7,291
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 0.04 0.75 0.32 < 0.005 0.06 0.06 869 Previous Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 43 / 63
Apartments Low Rise 0.02 0.29 0.12 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 339 Total 0.06 1.05 0.44 0.01 0.08 0.08 1,207
4.3. Area Emissions by Source
4.3.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Consumer Products 27.7 — — — — — —
Architectural Coatings 2.22 — — — — — —
Landscape Equipment 4.11 0.44 47.6 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 127 Total 34.0 0.44 47.6 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 127
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Consumer Products 27.7 — — — — — —
Architectural Coatings 2.22 — — — — — —
Total 29.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Consumer Products 5.05 — — — — — —
Architectural Coatings 0.40 — — — — — —
Landscape Equipment 0.37 0.04 4.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 10.4 Total 5.82 0.04 4.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 10.4
4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use
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4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 466
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 214
Total — — — — — — 680
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 466
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 214
Total — — — — — — 680
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 77.2
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 35.4
Total — — — — — — 113
4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use
4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 793
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 523
Total — — — — — — 1,315
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 793
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Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 523
Total — — — — — — 1,315
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 131
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 86.5
Total — — — — — — 218
4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use
4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 6.41
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 2.85
Total — — — — — — 9.26
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 6.41
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 2.85
Total — — — — — — 9.26
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 1.06
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 0.47
Total — — — — — — 1.53
4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type
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4.7.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type
4.8.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type
4.9.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type
4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetation ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — —
4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Sequestered — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Removed — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Sequestered — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Removed — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Sequestered — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Removed — — — — — — —
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Subtotal — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — —
5. Activity Data
5.1. Construction Schedule
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Days Per Week Work Days per Phase Phase Description Site Preparation Site Preparation 1/1/2025 6/17/2025 5.00 120 — Grading Grading 6/18/2025 8/25/2026 5.00 310 —
Building Construction Building Construction 8/26/2026 7/13/2038 5.00 3,100 — Paving Paving 7/14/2038 5/17/2039 5.00 220 —
Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 5/18/2039 3/20/2040 5.00 220 —
5.2. Off-Road Equipment
5.2.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Backh
oes
Diesel Average 0.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
Site Preparation Crawler Tractors Diesel Average 4.00 8.00 87.0 0.43 Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 36.0 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Backh
oes
Diesel Average 0.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 367 0.40 Previous Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 50 / 63
Grading Crawler Tractors Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 87.0 0.43 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 82.0 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 14.0 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 46.0 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Backh
oes
Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 81.0 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 89.0 0.36 Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 36.0 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 37.0 0.48
5.3. Construction Vehicles
5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation — — — —
Site Preparation Worker 17.5 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading — — — —
Grading Worker 20.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction — — — —
Building Construction Worker 435 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
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Building Construction Vendor 89.2 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving — — — —
Paving Worker 15.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating — — — —
Architectural Coating Worker 87.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT
5.4. Vehicles
5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.
5.5. Architectural Coatings
Phase Name Residential Interior Area Coated
(sq ft)
Residential Exterior Area Coated
(sq ft)
Non-Residential Interior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
Architectural Coating 2,617,414 872,471 0.00 0.00 —
5.6. Dust Mitigation
5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
Phase Name Material Imported (Cubic Yards) Material Exported (Cubic Yards) Acres Graded (acres) Material Demolished (sq. ft.) Acres Paved (acres) Previous Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 52 / 63
Site Preparation 0.00 0.00 420 0.00 —
Grading 0.00 0.00 1,240 0.00 —
Paving 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.06
5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Control Strategies Applied Frequency (per day) PM10 Reduction PM2.5 Reduction Water Exposed Area 3 74% 74%
5.7. Construction Paving
Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Single Family Housing 5.06 0%
Apartments Low Rise — 0%
5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Year and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
Year kWh per Year CO2 CH4 N2O
2025 0.00 349 0.03 < 0.005
2026 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005
2027 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005
2028 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005
2029 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005
2030 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2031 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2032 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2033 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2034 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
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2035 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2036 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2037 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2038 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2039 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2040 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
5.9. Operational Mobile Sources
5.9.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Year VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Year Single Family
Housing
4,333 4,379 3,924 1,562,623 30,970 31,298 28,050 11,168,731 Apartments Low
Rise
2,745 3,053 2,355 997,623 19,620 21,818 16,832 7,130,439
5.10. Operational Area Sources
5.10.1. Hearths
5.10.1.1. Unmitigated
Hearth Type Unmitigated (number)
Single Family Housing —
Wood Fireplaces 0
Gas Fireplaces 0
Propane Fireplaces 0
Electric Fireplaces 0
No Fireplaces 459
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Conventional Wood Stoves 0
Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Pellet Wood Stoves 0
Apartments Low Rise —
Wood Fireplaces 0
Gas Fireplaces 0
Propane Fireplaces 0
Electric Fireplaces 0
No Fireplaces 375
Conventional Wood Stoves 0
Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Pellet Wood Stoves 0
5.10.2. Architectural Coatings
Residential Interior Area Coated (sq ft) Residential Exterior Area Coated (sq ft) Non-Residential Interior Area Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area Coated
(sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
2617413.75 872,471 0.00 0.00 —
5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180
5.11. Operational Energy Consumption
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5.11.1. Unmitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 4,286,713 261 0.0330 0.0040 16,324,020 Apartments Low Rise 2,567,546 261 0.0330 0.0040 6,363,834
5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 18,669,263 107,502,683
Apartments Low Rise 15,252,666 15,804,521
5.13. Operational Waste Generation
5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 420 —
Apartments Low Rise 277 —
5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment
5.14.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced Single Family Housing Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
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Single Family Housing Household refrigerators
and/or freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
Apartments Low Rise Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
Apartments Low Rise Household refrigerators
and/or freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment
5.15.1. Unmitigated
Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor
5.16. Stationary Sources
5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number per Day Hours per Day Hours per Year Horsepower Load Factor
5.16.2. Process Boilers
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number Boiler Rating (MMBtu/hr) Daily Heat Input (MMBtu/day) Annual Heat Input (MMBtu/yr)
5.17. User Defined
Equipment Type Fuel Type
5.18. Vegetation
5.18.1. Land Use Change
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5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres
5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres
5.18.2. Sequestration
5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)
6. Climate Risk Detailed Report
6.1. Climate Risk Summary
Cal-Adapt midcentury 2040–2059 average projections for four hazards are reported below for your project location. These are under Representation Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 which assumes GHG emissions will continue to rise strongly through 2050 and then plateau around 2100.
Climate Hazard Result for Project Location Unit
Temperature and Extreme Heat 20.5 annual days of extreme heat Extreme Precipitation 0.90 annual days with precipitation above 20 mm Sea Level Rise — meters of inundation depth
Wildfire 0.90 annual hectares burned
Temperature and Extreme Heat data are for grid cell in which your project are located. The projection is based on the 98th historical percentile of daily maximum/minimum temperatures from observed historical data (32 climate model ensemble from Cal-Adapt, 2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.
Extreme Precipitation data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The threshold of 20 mm is equivalent to about ¾ an inch of rain, which would be light to moderate rainfall if received over a full day or heavy rain if received over a period of 2 to 4 hours. Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.
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Sea Level Rise data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from Radke et al. (2017), as reported in Cal-Adapt (Radke et al., 2017, CEC-500-2017-008), and consider inundation location and depth for the San Francisco Bay, the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta and California coast resulting different increments of sea level rise coupled with extreme storm events.
Users may select from four scenarios to view the range in potential inundation depth for the grid cell. The four scenarios are: No rise, 0.5 meter, 1.0 meter, 1.41 meters Wildfire data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from UC Davis, as reported in Cal-Adapt (2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5), and consider historical data of climate, vegetation, population density, and large (> 400 ha) fire history. Users may select from four model simulations to view the range in potential wildfire probabilities for the grid cell. The four simulations make different assumptions about expected rainfall and temperature are: Warmer/drier (HadGEM2-ES), Cooler/wetter (CNRM-CM5), Average conditions (CanESM2), Range of different rainfall and temperature possibilities (MIROC5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.
6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 1 0 0 N/A
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise N/A N/A N/A N/A
Wildfire N/A N/A N/A N/A
Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drought 0 0 0 N/A
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation N/A N/A N/A N/A
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure.
The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest ability to adapt.
The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores do not include implementation of climate risk reduction measures.
6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 1 1 1 2
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise N/A N/A N/A N/A
Wildfire N/A N/A N/A N/A
Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drought 1 1 1 2
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Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation N/A N/A N/A N/A
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure.
The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest ability to adapt.
The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores include implementation of climate risk reduction measures.
6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures
7. Health and Equity Details
7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores
The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state.
Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Exposure Indicators —
AQ-Ozone 91.1
AQ-PM 4.65
AQ-DPM 49.0
Drinking Water 45.4
Lead Risk Housing 10.5
Pesticides 14.1
Toxic Releases 5.78
Traffic 51.0
Effect Indicators —
CleanUp Sites 0.00
Groundwater 0.00
Haz Waste Facilities/Generators 0.00
Impaired Water Bodies 0.00
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Solid Waste 0.00
Sensitive Population —
Asthma 45.9
Cardio-vascular 65.4
Low Birth Weights 49.9
Socioeconomic Factor Indicators —
Education 52.1
Housing 64.8
Linguistic 51.5
Poverty 70.0
Unemployment 70.9
7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores
The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.
Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Economic —
Above Poverty 46.43911202
Employed 37.66200436
Median HI 39.83061722
Education —
Bachelor's or higher 38.31643783
High school enrollment 100
Preschool enrollment 81.75285513
Transportation —
Auto Access 41.51161299
Active commuting 1.039394328
Social —
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2-parent households 52.93211857
Voting 37.67483639
Neighborhood —
Alcohol availability 66.35442063
Park access 8.186834339
Retail density 7.686385218
Supermarket access 41.16514821
Tree canopy 0.744257667
Housing —
Homeownership 59.50211728
Housing habitability 46.01565508
Low-inc homeowner severe housing cost burden 20.50558193 Low-inc renter severe housing cost burden 33.11946619
Uncrowded housing 40.60053895
Health Outcomes —
Insured adults 27.75567817
Arthritis 0.0
Asthma ER Admissions 52.5
High Blood Pressure 0.0
Cancer (excluding skin) 0.0
Asthma 0.0
Coronary Heart Disease 0.0
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 0.0
Diagnosed Diabetes 0.0
Life Expectancy at Birth 35.9
Cognitively Disabled 66.4
Physically Disabled 12.2
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Heart Attack ER Admissions 33.9
Mental Health Not Good 0.0
Chronic Kidney Disease 0.0
Obesity 0.0
Pedestrian Injuries 19.6
Physical Health Not Good 0.0
Stroke 0.0
Health Risk Behaviors —
Binge Drinking 0.0
Current Smoker 0.0
No Leisure Time for Physical Activity 0.0
Climate Change Exposures —
Wildfire Risk 0.0
SLR Inundation Area 0.0
Children 76.4
Elderly 42.6
English Speaking 74.6
Foreign-born 44.9
Outdoor Workers 55.6
Climate Change Adaptive Capacity —
Impervious Surface Cover 53.3
Traffic Density 33.1
Traffic Access 23.0
Other Indices —
Hardship 54.3
Other Decision Support —
2016 Voting 54.1
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7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores
Metric Result for Project Census Tract
CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Score for Project Location (a) 29.0 Healthy Places Index Score for Project Location (b) 41.0 Project Located in a Designated Disadvantaged Community (Senate Bill 535) No Project Located in a Low-Income Community (Assembly Bill 1550) No Project Located in a Community Air Protection Program Community (Assembly Bill 617) No a: The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state. b: The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.
7.4. Health & Equity Measures
No Health & Equity Measures selected.
7.5. Evaluation Scorecard
Health & Equity Evaluation Scorecard not completed.
7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures
No Health & Equity Custom Measures created.
8. User Changes to Default Data
Screen Justification
Land Use Updated Lot Acreage to match project site plan, split landscaping between single family and multifamily.
Construction: Construction Phases No demolition required as the project site is vacant.
Construction: Off-Road Equipment Replaced Tractor/Loaders/Backhoes with Crawler Tractors for the Site Preparation and Grading Phases. Updated all equipment to operate 8hrs a day.
Operations: Hearths No fireplaces proposed, Wood stoves not allowed due to SCAQMD rule 445.
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Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report
Table of Contents
1. Basic Project Information
1.1. Basic Project Information
1.2. Land Use Types
1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector
2. Emissions Summary
2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
2.2. Construction Emissions by Year, Unmitigated
2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
3. Construction Emissions Details
3.1. Site Preparation (2025) - Unmitigated
3.3. Grading (2025) - Unmitigated
3.5. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
3.7. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated
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3.9. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated
3.11. Building Construction (2028) - Unmitigated
3.13. Building Construction (2029) - Unmitigated
3.15. Building Construction (2030) - Unmitigated
3.17. Building Construction (2031) - Unmitigated
3.19. Building Construction (2032) - Unmitigated
3.21. Building Construction (2033) - Unmitigated
3.23. Building Construction (2034) - Unmitigated
3.25. Building Construction (2035) - Unmitigated
3.27. Building Construction (2036) - Unmitigated
3.29. Building Construction (2037) - Unmitigated
3.31. Building Construction (2038) - Unmitigated
3.33. Paving (2038) - Unmitigated
3.35. Paving (2039) - Unmitigated
3.37. Architectural Coating (2039) - Unmitigated
3.39. Architectural Coating (2040) - Unmitigated
4. Operations Emissions Details
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4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use
4.1.1. Unmitigated
4.2. Energy
4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
4.3. Area Emissions by Source
4.3.1. Unmitigated
4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use
4.4.1. Unmitigated
4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use
4.5.1. Unmitigated
4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use
4.6.1. Unmitigated
4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type
4.7.1. Unmitigated
4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type
4.8.1. Unmitigated
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4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type
4.9.1. Unmitigated
4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type
4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated
4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated
4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated
5. Activity Data
5.1. Construction Schedule
5.2. Off-Road Equipment
5.2.1. Unmitigated
5.3. Construction Vehicles
5.3.1. Unmitigated
5.4. Vehicles
5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
5.5. Architectural Coatings
5.6. Dust Mitigation
5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
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5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
5.7. Construction Paving
5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors
5.9. Operational Mobile Sources
5.9.1. Unmitigated
5.10. Operational Area Sources
5.10.1. Hearths
5.10.1.1. Unmitigated
5.10.2. Architectural Coatings
5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
5.11. Operational Energy Consumption
5.11.1. Unmitigated
5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
5.12.1. Unmitigated
5.13. Operational Waste Generation
5.13.1. Unmitigated
5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 6 / 63
5.14.1. Unmitigated
5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment
5.15.1. Unmitigated
5.16. Stationary Sources
5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps
5.16.2. Process Boilers
5.17. User Defined
5.18. Vegetation
5.18.1. Land Use Change
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
5.18.2. Sequestration
5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
6. Climate Risk Detailed Report
6.1. Climate Risk Summary
6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores
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6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores
6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures
7. Health and Equity Details
7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores
7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores
7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores
7.4. Health & Equity Measures
7.5. Evaluation Scorecard
7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures
8. User Changes to Default Data
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1. Basic Project Information
1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name Verano Residential Development Project
Construction Start Date 1/1/2025
Operational Year 2040
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 3.30
Precipitation (days) 11.2
Location 33.859065543543224, -116.4855266631483
County Riverside-Salton Sea
City Cathedral City
Air District South Coast AQMD
Air Basin Salton Sea
TAZ 5638
EDFZ 11
Electric Utility Southern California Edison
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.22
1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
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Single Family
Housing
459 Dwelling Unit 112 895,050 4,687,123 — 1,483 —
Apartments Low
Rise
375 Dwelling Unit 16.4 397,500 689,078 — 1,211 —
1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector No measures selected
2. Emissions Summary
2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 37.1 37.6 53.9 0.06 7.82 4.52 11,948
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 37.0 37.6 37.2 0.06 7.82 4.52 10,979
Average Daily (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 16.7 25.0 29.1 0.04 4.86 2.42 7,982
Annual (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 3.04 4.55 5.31 0.01 0.89 0.44 1,321
Exceeds (Daily Max) — — — — — — —
Threshold 75.0 100 550 150 150 55.0 —
Unmit. No No No No No No —
Exceeds (Average
Daily)
— — — — — — —
Threshold 75.0 100 550 150 150 55.0 —
Unmit. No No No No No No —
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2.2. Construction Emissions by Year, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Year ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily - Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
2025 4.14 37.6 34.1 0.06 7.82 4.52 7,040
2026 3.48 30.0 53.9 0.06 6.90 2.31 11,948
2027 3.09 14.8 51.1 0.05 6.86 1.92 11,745
2028 2.95 14.0 48.7 0.05 6.82 1.88 11,560
2029 2.82 13.3 46.3 0.05 6.79 1.86 11,373
2030 2.53 12.8 44.3 0.05 6.77 1.84 11,197
2031 2.43 12.4 42.3 0.05 6.76 1.83 11,027
2032 2.34 11.9 40.6 0.05 6.74 1.81 10,813
2033 2.25 11.4 39.1 0.05 6.71 1.79 10,667
2034 2.16 11.2 37.7 0.05 6.70 1.78 10,526
2035 2.12 10.9 36.4 0.05 6.69 1.76 10,402
2036 2.07 10.5 35.3 0.05 6.67 1.75 10,292
2037 1.99 10.3 34.4 0.05 6.64 1.74 10,188
2038 1.95 10.2 33.9 0.05 6.66 1.72 10,152
2039 37.1 5.33 10.4 0.01 1.14 0.27 1,701
Daily - Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
2025 4.12 37.6 33.4 0.06 7.82 4.52 6,994
2026 3.46 30.1 37.2 0.06 6.90 2.31 10,979
2027 2.76 15.2 35.6 0.05 6.86 1.92 10,804
2028 2.64 14.3 34.1 0.05 6.82 1.88 10,642
2029 2.36 13.7 32.9 0.05 6.79 1.86 10,475
2030 2.29 13.2 31.6 0.05 6.77 1.84 10,317
2031 2.20 12.6 30.4 0.05 6.76 1.83 10,165
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2032 2.12 12.2 29.5 0.05 6.74 1.81 10,019
2033 2.06 11.8 28.6 0.05 6.71 1.79 9,887
2034 1.99 11.5 27.9 0.05 6.70 1.78 9,706
2035 1.97 11.1 26.9 0.05 6.69 1.76 9,594
2036 1.92 10.8 26.4 0.05 6.67 1.75 9,494
2037 1.86 10.4 25.8 0.05 6.64 1.74 9,398
2038 1.83 10.3 25.5 0.05 6.66 1.72 9,362
2039 37.0 5.33 10.1 0.01 1.14 0.27 1,674
2040 37.0 1.13 3.50 < 0.005 1.14 0.27 1,089
Average Daily — — — — — — —
2025 2.76 25.0 22.9 0.04 4.29 2.42 4,606
2026 2.35 17.9 24.6 0.04 3.72 1.56 6,094
2027 2.04 10.6 29.1 0.03 4.86 1.36 7,982
2028 1.95 10.1 27.8 0.03 4.85 1.34 7,882
2029 1.88 9.56 26.6 0.03 4.82 1.32 7,734
2030 1.67 9.34 25.5 0.03 4.81 1.31 7,617
2031 1.61 8.94 24.5 0.03 4.79 1.30 7,503
2032 1.55 8.58 23.7 0.03 4.79 1.29 7,415
2033 1.50 8.34 22.9 0.03 4.76 1.27 7,259
2034 1.45 8.05 22.2 0.03 4.75 1.26 7,164
2035 1.43 7.87 21.5 0.03 4.74 1.25 7,080
2036 1.40 7.68 20.9 0.03 4.75 1.25 7,025
2037 1.36 7.41 20.3 0.03 4.71 1.24 6,935
2038 0.88 5.71 14.1 0.02 2.61 0.70 4,237
2039 16.7 1.93 4.58 < 0.005 0.59 0.16 968
2040 5.80 0.18 0.63 < 0.005 0.18 0.04 180
Annual — — — — — — —
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2025 0.50 4.55 4.18 0.01 0.78 0.44 763
2026 0.43 3.26 4.48 0.01 0.68 0.28 1,009
2027 0.37 1.94 5.31 0.01 0.89 0.25 1,321
2028 0.36 1.84 5.08 0.01 0.89 0.24 1,305
2029 0.34 1.74 4.85 0.01 0.88 0.24 1,281
2030 0.31 1.70 4.66 0.01 0.88 0.24 1,261
2031 0.29 1.63 4.46 0.01 0.87 0.24 1,242
2032 0.28 1.57 4.33 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,228
2033 0.27 1.52 4.18 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,202
2034 0.27 1.47 4.05 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,186
2035 0.26 1.44 3.93 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,172
2036 0.26 1.40 3.82 0.01 0.87 0.23 1,163
2037 0.25 1.35 3.71 0.01 0.86 0.23 1,148
2038 0.16 1.04 2.58 < 0.005 0.48 0.13 701
2039 3.04 0.35 0.84 < 0.005 0.11 0.03 160
2040 1.06 0.03 0.12 < 0.005 0.03 0.01 29.8
2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 51.0 19.6 192 0.42 38.2 10.2 53,758
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 44.6 20.2 103 0.37 38.2 10.2 49,270
Average Daily (Max) — — — — — — —
Unmit. 46.4 19.1 132 0.37 35.8 9.56 48,982
Annual (Max) — — — — — — —
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Unmit. 8.46 3.48 24.2 0.07 6.54 1.75 8,109
Exceeds (Daily Max) — — — — — — —
Threshold 55.0 55.0 550 150 150 55.0 —
Unmit. No No No No No No —
Exceeds (Average
Daily)
— — — — — — —
Threshold 55.0 55.0 550 150 150 55.0 —
Unmit. No No No No No No —
Exceeds (Annual) — — — — — — —
Threshold — — — — — — 3,000
Unmit. — — — — — — Yes
2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Mobile 16.7 13.4 142 0.38 37.7 9.70 39,400
Area 34.0 0.44 47.6 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 127
Energy 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 12,226
Water — — — — — — 680
Waste — — — — — — 1,315
Refrig. — — — — — — 9.26
Total 51.0 19.6 192 0.42 38.2 10.2 53,758
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Mobile 14.4 14.5 101 0.34 37.7 9.70 35,039
Area 29.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Energy 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 12,226
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Water — — — — — — 680
Waste — — — — — — 1,315
Refrig. — — — — — — 9.26
Total 44.6 20.2 103 0.37 38.2 10.2 49,270
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Mobile 14.1 13.1 106 0.33 35.4 9.09 34,688
Area 31.9 0.22 23.5 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 62.6
Energy 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 12,226
Water — — — — — — 680
Waste — — — — — — 1,315
Refrig. — — — — — — 9.26
Total 46.4 19.1 132 0.37 35.8 9.56 48,982
Annual — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.58 2.39 19.4 0.06 6.45 1.66 5,743
Area 5.82 0.04 4.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 10.4
Energy 0.06 1.05 0.44 0.01 0.08 0.08 2,024
Water — — — — — — 113
Waste — — — — — — 218
Refrig. — — — — — — 1.53
Total 8.46 3.48 24.2 0.07 6.54 1.75 8,109
3. Construction Emissions Details
3.1. Site Preparation (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 4.05 37.5 32.4 0.05 1.93 1.78 5,547
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 5.66 2.69 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 4.05 37.5 32.4 0.05 1.93 1.78 5,547
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 5.66 2.69 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.33 12.3 10.7 0.02 0.63 0.58 1,824
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 1.86 0.88 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.24 2.25 1.95 < 0.005 0.12 0.11 302 Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 0.34 0.16 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.09 0.09 1.67 0.00 0.23 0.05 264
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.10 0.95 0.00 0.23 0.05 224
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.03 0.39 0.00 0.07 0.02 78.7
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 13.0
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.3. Grading (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 3.57 32.6 29.4 0.06 1.52 1.40 6,738
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 2.67 0.98 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 3.57 32.6 29.4 0.06 1.52 1.40 6,738
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 2.67 0.98 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.38 12.6 11.3 0.02 0.59 0.54 2,598
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 1.03 0.38 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.25 2.29 2.07 < 0.005 0.11 0.10 430 Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 0.19 0.07 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.11 0.10 1.91 0.00 0.26 0.06 301
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.11 1.08 0.00 0.26 0.06 256
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.04 0.52 0.00 0.10 0.02 106
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.02 < 0.005 17.5
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.5. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 3.39 30.0 28.7 0.06 1.38 1.27 6,738
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 2.67 0.98 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 3.39 30.0 28.7 0.06 1.38 1.27 6,738
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 2.67 0.98 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.57 13.9 13.3 0.03 0.64 0.59 3,125
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 1.24 0.45 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.29 2.54 2.43 0.01 0.12 0.11 517
Dust From Material
Movement
— — — — 0.23 0.08 —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.09 0.10 1.77 0.00 0.26 0.06 295
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.10 1.00 0.00 0.26 0.06 251
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.58 0.00 0.12 0.03 124
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.02 0.01 20.6
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.7. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.16 10.7 14.1 0.03 0.41 0.38 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.16 10.7 14.1 0.03 0.41 0.38 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.29 2.67 3.52 0.01 0.10 0.09 661
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.05 0.49 0.64 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 109 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
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Worker 1.98 2.08 38.6 0.00 5.69 1.33 6,418
Vendor 0.10 2.85 1.23 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,891
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.63 2.26 21.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,454
Vendor 0.10 3.07 1.28 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,887
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.43 0.52 6.84 0.00 1.41 0.33 1,460
Vendor 0.02 0.75 0.31 0.01 0.20 0.06 723
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.09 1.25 0.00 0.26 0.06 242
Vendor < 0.005 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.04 0.01 120
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.9. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.11 10.2 14.0 0.03 0.36 0.34 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.11 10.2 14.0 0.03 0.36 0.34 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
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Off-Road Equipment 0.79 7.27 10.0 0.02 0.26 0.24 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.14 1.33 1.83 < 0.005 0.05 0.04 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.87 1.89 35.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 6,283
Vendor 0.10 2.72 1.19 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,823
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.55 2.06 20.4 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,346
Vendor 0.09 2.92 1.21 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,819
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 1.17 1.33 18.2 0.00 4.03 0.95 4,083
Vendor 0.07 2.03 0.85 0.02 0.57 0.18 2,014
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.21 0.24 3.32 0.00 0.74 0.17 676
Vendor 0.01 0.37 0.15 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 334
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.11. Building Construction (2028) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.07 9.66 14.0 0.03 0.33 0.30 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.07 9.66 14.0 0.03 0.33 0.30 2,639
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.77 6.92 10.1 0.02 0.23 0.21 1,890
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.14 1.26 1.83 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 313 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.79 1.69 33.5 0.00 5.69 1.33 6,164
Vendor 0.08 2.61 1.12 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,757
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.50 1.88 18.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,248
Vendor 0.07 2.81 1.16 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,755
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 1.13 1.20 17.0 0.00 4.05 0.95 4,018
Vendor 0.06 1.96 0.81 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,974
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.21 0.22 3.10 0.00 0.74 0.17 665
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Vendor 0.01 0.36 0.15 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 327
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.13. Building Construction (2029) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.04 9.28 14.0 0.03 0.30 0.28 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.04 9.28 14.0 0.03 0.30 0.28 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.74 6.63 10.00 0.02 0.21 0.20 1,885 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.14 1.21 1.82 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.70 1.50 31.2 0.00 5.69 1.33 6,053
Vendor 0.08 2.51 1.07 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,682
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.24 1.68 17.8 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,157
Vendor 0.07 2.70 1.12 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,680
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Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 1.08 1.06 15.8 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,936
Vendor 0.06 1.87 0.78 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,914
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.20 0.19 2.88 0.00 0.74 0.17 652
Vendor 0.01 0.34 0.14 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 317
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.15. Building Construction (2030) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.02 9.07 14.0 0.03 0.28 0.26 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 1.02 9.07 14.0 0.03 0.28 0.26 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.73 6.48 9.99 0.02 0.20 0.19 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.13 1.18 1.82 < 0.005 0.04 0.03 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.43 1.31 29.3 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,949
Vendor 0.08 2.42 1.05 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,609
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.20 1.49 16.5 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,072
Vendor 0.07 2.61 1.07 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,606
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.89 1.05 14.8 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,870
Vendor 0.05 1.80 0.75 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,862
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.16 0.19 2.70 0.00 0.74 0.17 641
Vendor 0.01 0.33 0.14 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 308
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.17. Building Construction (2031) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.99 8.77 13.9 0.03 0.26 0.24 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.99 8.77 13.9 0.03 0.26 0.24 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.71 6.27 9.95 0.02 0.19 0.17 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.13 1.14 1.82 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.36 1.30 27.3 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,854
Vendor 0.08 2.33 1.00 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,534
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.14 1.30 15.4 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,994
Vendor 0.07 2.51 1.05 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,532
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.85 0.92 13.8 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,810
Vendor 0.05 1.75 0.73 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,809
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.15 0.17 2.51 0.00 0.74 0.17 631
Vendor 0.01 0.32 0.13 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 300
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.19. Building Construction (2032) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
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Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.97 8.50 13.9 0.03 0.24 0.22 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.97 8.50 13.9 0.03 0.24 0.22 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.69 6.09 9.94 0.02 0.17 0.16 1,890
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.13 1.11 1.81 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 313 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.29 1.11 25.8 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,719
Vendor 0.08 2.28 0.98 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,456
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.08 1.29 14.6 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,926
Vendor 0.07 2.44 1.02 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,455
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.81 0.79 13.1 0.00 4.05 0.95 3,767
Vendor 0.05 1.71 0.72 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,758
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
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Worker 0.15 0.14 2.39 0.00 0.74 0.17 624
Vendor 0.01 0.31 0.13 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 291
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.21. Building Construction (2033) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.95 8.27 13.9 0.03 0.22 0.20 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.95 8.27 13.9 0.03 0.22 0.20 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.68 5.91 9.90 0.02 0.16 0.15 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 1.08 1.81 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.22 0.92 24.2 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,640
Vendor 0.08 2.21 0.96 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,389
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.04 1.11 13.7 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,861
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Vendor 0.07 2.37 1.00 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,388
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.77 0.78 12.3 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,669
Vendor 0.05 1.65 0.70 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,705
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.14 0.14 2.25 0.00 0.74 0.17 607
Vendor 0.01 0.30 0.13 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 282
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.23. Building Construction (2034) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.93 8.11 13.8 0.03 0.21 0.19 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.93 8.11 13.8 0.03 0.21 0.19 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.67 5.79 9.89 0.02 0.15 0.14 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 1.06 1.81 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.16 0.92 22.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,570
Vendor 0.08 2.16 0.93 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,318
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.98 1.10 13.0 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,750
Vendor 0.07 2.33 0.98 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,317
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.74 0.64 11.6 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,624
Vendor 0.05 1.62 0.68 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,655
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.13 0.12 2.12 0.00 0.74 0.17 600
Vendor 0.01 0.30 0.12 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 274
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.25. Building Construction (2035) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.92 7.90 13.8 0.03 0.19 0.18 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.92 7.90 13.8 0.03 0.19 0.18 2,638
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Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.65 5.64 9.83 0.02 0.14 0.13 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 1.03 1.79 < 0.005 0.03 0.02 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.13 0.91 21.7 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,507
Vendor 0.08 2.11 0.91 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,257
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.98 0.91 12.2 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,698
Vendor 0.07 2.28 0.95 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,257
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.72 0.64 11.0 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,584
Vendor 0.05 1.58 0.66 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,612
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.13 0.12 2.01 0.00 0.74 0.17 593
Vendor 0.01 0.29 0.12 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 267
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.27. Building Construction (2036) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 32 / 63
Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.90 7.66 13.7 0.03 0.18 0.17 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.90 7.66 13.7 0.03 0.18 0.17 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.64 5.49 9.79 0.02 0.13 0.12 1,890
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 1.00 1.79 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 313 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.10 0.72 20.7 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,451
Vendor 0.08 2.09 0.91 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,203
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.95 0.90 11.7 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,652
Vendor 0.07 2.23 0.95 0.02 0.80 0.25 2,203
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.70 0.64 10.5 0.00 4.05 0.95 3,558
Vendor 0.05 1.56 0.66 0.01 0.57 0.18 1,577
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.13 0.12 1.91 0.00 0.74 0.17 589
Vendor 0.01 0.28 0.12 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 261
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.29. Building Construction (2037) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.88 7.51 13.5 0.03 0.17 0.16 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.88 7.51 13.5 0.03 0.17 0.16 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.63 5.36 9.68 0.02 0.12 0.11 1,885
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 0.98 1.77 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 312 Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.03 0.72 19.9 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,401
Vendor 0.08 2.04 0.89 0.02 0.78 0.25 2,148
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
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Worker 0.91 0.72 11.3 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,611
Vendor 0.07 2.20 0.93 0.02 0.78 0.25 2,149
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.68 0.51 10.0 0.00 4.03 0.95 3,516
Vendor 0.05 1.53 0.64 0.01 0.56 0.18 1,534
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.12 0.09 1.83 0.00 0.74 0.17 582
Vendor 0.01 0.28 0.12 < 0.005 0.10 0.03 254
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.31. Building Construction (2038) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.88 7.41 13.5 0.03 0.16 0.15 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.88 7.41 13.5 0.03 0.16 0.15 2,638
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.33 2.81 5.13 0.01 0.06 0.06 1,002
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.06 0.51 0.94 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 166 Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 35 / 63
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 1.00 0.71 19.5 0.00 5.69 1.33 5,403
Vendor 0.08 2.07 0.88 0.02 0.80 0.23 2,110
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.89 0.71 11.0 0.00 5.69 1.33 4,613
Vendor 0.07 2.22 0.92 0.02 0.80 0.23 2,111
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.34 0.27 5.24 0.00 2.14 0.50 1,870
Vendor 0.03 0.82 0.34 0.01 0.30 0.09 801
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.39 0.09 310
Vendor 0.01 0.15 0.06 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 133
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.33. Paving (2038) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.50 5.38 9.76 0.01 0.11 0.10 1,516
Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.50 5.38 9.76 0.01 0.11 0.10 1,516
Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.17 1.80 3.27 < 0.005 0.04 0.03 507 Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.03 0.33 0.60 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 84.0 Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.02 0.67 0.00 0.20 0.05 186
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.02 0.38 0.00 0.20 0.05 159
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.16 0.00 0.07 0.02 56.8
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 9.40
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Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.35. Paving (2039) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.49 5.31 9.75 0.01 0.11 0.10 1,516
Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.49 5.31 9.75 0.01 0.11 0.10 1,516
Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.13 1.42 2.61 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 406 Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.02 0.26 0.48 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 67.3 Paving 0.00 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.02 0.65 0.00 0.20 0.05 185
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.37 0.00 0.20 0.05 158
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.05 0.01 45.2
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 7.48
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.37. Architectural Coating (2039) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 0.99 1.46 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 179 Architectural Coatings 36.8 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 0.99 1.46 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 179 Architectural Coatings 36.8 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
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Off-Road Equipment 0.05 0.44 0.65 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 79.7 Architectural Coatings 16.4 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.01 0.08 0.12 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 13.2 Architectural Coatings 2.99 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.19 0.14 3.79 0.00 1.14 0.27 1,073
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.14 0.14 2.13 0.00 1.14 0.27 916
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.06 1.19 0.00 0.50 0.12 436
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.22 0.00 0.09 0.02 72.2
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.39. Architectural Coating (2040) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 40 / 63
Location ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Onsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.12 0.99 1.46 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 179 Architectural Coatings 36.8 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment 0.02 0.15 0.23 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 28.0 Architectural Coatings 5.76 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Off-Road Equipment < 0.005 0.03 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 4.63 Architectural Coatings 1.05 — — — — — —
Onsite truck 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Offsite — — — — — — —
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Worker 0.13 0.14 2.04 0.00 1.14 0.27 910
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Average Daily — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.41 0.00 0.18 0.04 152
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.01 25.2
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Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4. Operations Emissions Details
4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use
4.1.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 9.84 7.93 84.0 0.22 22.2 5.71 23,216 Apartments Low Rise 6.86 5.52 58.5 0.16 15.5 3.98 16,184 Total 16.7 13.4 142 0.38 37.7 9.70 39,400
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 8.49 8.55 59.5 0.20 22.2 5.72 20,646 Apartments Low Rise 5.92 5.96 41.5 0.14 15.5 3.98 14,393 Total 14.4 14.5 101 0.34 37.7 9.70 35,039
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 1.57 1.46 11.9 0.04 3.94 1.01 3,505 Apartments Low Rise 1.01 0.93 7.57 0.02 2.51 0.65 2,238 Total 2.58 2.39 19.4 0.06 6.45 1.66 5,743
4.2. Energy
4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 42 / 63
Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 3,086
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 1,849
Total — — — — — — 4,935
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 3,086
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 1,849
Total — — — — — — 4,935
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 511
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 306
Total — — — — — — 817
4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 0.24 4.12 1.75 0.03 0.33 0.33 5,246 Apartments Low Rise 0.09 1.61 0.68 0.01 0.13 0.13 2,045 Total 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 7,291
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 0.24 4.12 1.75 0.03 0.33 0.33 5,246 Apartments Low Rise 0.09 1.61 0.68 0.01 0.13 0.13 2,045 Total 0.34 5.73 2.44 0.04 0.46 0.46 7,291
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing 0.04 0.75 0.32 < 0.005 0.06 0.06 869 Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 43 / 63
Apartments Low Rise 0.02 0.29 0.12 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 339 Total 0.06 1.05 0.44 0.01 0.08 0.08 1,207
4.3. Area Emissions by Source
4.3.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Consumer Products 27.7 — — — — — —
Architectural Coatings 2.22 — — — — — —
Landscape Equipment 4.11 0.44 47.6 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 127 Total 34.0 0.44 47.6 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 127
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Consumer Products 27.7 — — — — — —
Architectural Coatings 2.22 — — — — — —
Total 29.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Annual — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Consumer Products 5.05 — — — — — —
Architectural Coatings 0.40 — — — — — —
Landscape Equipment 0.37 0.04 4.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 10.4 Total 5.82 0.04 4.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 10.4
4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use
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4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 466
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 214
Total — — — — — — 680
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 466
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 214
Total — — — — — — 680
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 77.2
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 35.4
Total — — — — — — 113
4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use
4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 793
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 523
Total — — — — — — 1,315
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 793
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Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 523
Total — — — — — — 1,315
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 131
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 86.5
Total — — — — — — 218
4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use
4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 6.41
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 2.85
Total — — — — — — 9.26
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 6.41
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 2.85
Total — — — — — — 9.26
Annual — — — — — — —
Single Family Housing — — — — — — 1.06
Apartments Low Rise — — — — — — 0.47
Total — — — — — — 1.53
4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type
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4.7.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type
4.8.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type
4.9.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
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Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type
4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetation ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — —
4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10T PM2.5T CO2e
Daily, Summer (Max) — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Sequestered — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Removed — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter (Max) — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Sequestered — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Removed — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Sequestered — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — —
Removed — — — — — — —
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Subtotal — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — —
5. Activity Data
5.1. Construction Schedule
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Days Per Week Work Days per Phase Phase Description Site Preparation Site Preparation 1/1/2025 6/17/2025 5.00 120 — Grading Grading 6/18/2025 8/25/2026 5.00 310 —
Building Construction Building Construction 8/26/2026 7/13/2038 5.00 3,100 — Paving Paving 7/14/2038 5/17/2039 5.00 220 —
Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 5/18/2039 3/20/2040 5.00 220 —
5.2. Off-Road Equipment
5.2.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Backh
oes
Diesel Average 0.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
Site Preparation Crawler Tractors Diesel Average 4.00 8.00 87.0 0.43 Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 36.0 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Backh
oes
Diesel Average 0.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 367 0.40 Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 50 / 63
Grading Crawler Tractors Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 87.0 0.43 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 82.0 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 14.0 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 46.0 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Backh
oes
Diesel Average 3.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 81.0 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 89.0 0.36 Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 36.0 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 8.00 37.0 0.48
5.3. Construction Vehicles
5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation — — — —
Site Preparation Worker 17.5 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading — — — —
Grading Worker 20.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction — — — —
Building Construction Worker 435 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
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Building Construction Vendor 89.2 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving — — — —
Paving Worker 15.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating — — — —
Architectural Coating Worker 87.0 18.5 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 10.2 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT
5.4. Vehicles
5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.
5.5. Architectural Coatings
Phase Name Residential Interior Area Coated
(sq ft)
Residential Exterior Area Coated
(sq ft)
Non-Residential Interior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
Architectural Coating 2,617,414 872,471 0.00 0.00 —
5.6. Dust Mitigation
5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
Phase Name Material Imported (Cubic Yards) Material Exported (Cubic Yards) Acres Graded (acres) Material Demolished (sq. ft.) Acres Paved (acres) Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 52 / 63
Site Preparation 0.00 0.00 420 0.00 —
Grading 0.00 0.00 1,240 0.00 —
Paving 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.06
5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Control Strategies Applied Frequency (per day) PM10 Reduction PM2.5 Reduction Water Exposed Area 3 74% 74%
5.7. Construction Paving
Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Single Family Housing 5.06 0%
Apartments Low Rise — 0%
5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Year and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
Year kWh per Year CO2 CH4 N2O
2025 0.00 349 0.03 < 0.005
2026 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005
2027 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005
2028 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005
2029 0.00 346 0.03 < 0.005
2030 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2031 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2032 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2033 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2034 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
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2035 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2036 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2037 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2038 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2039 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
2040 0.00 261 0.03 < 0.005
5.9. Operational Mobile Sources
5.9.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Year VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Year Single Family
Housing
4,333 4,379 3,924 1,562,623 30,970 31,298 28,050 11,168,731 Apartments Low
Rise
2,745 3,053 2,355 997,623 19,620 21,818 16,832 7,130,439
5.10. Operational Area Sources
5.10.1. Hearths
5.10.1.1. Unmitigated
Hearth Type Unmitigated (number)
Single Family Housing —
Wood Fireplaces 0
Gas Fireplaces 0
Propane Fireplaces 0
Electric Fireplaces 0
No Fireplaces 459
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Conventional Wood Stoves 0
Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Pellet Wood Stoves 0
Apartments Low Rise —
Wood Fireplaces 0
Gas Fireplaces 0
Propane Fireplaces 0
Electric Fireplaces 0
No Fireplaces 375
Conventional Wood Stoves 0
Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0
Pellet Wood Stoves 0
5.10.2. Architectural Coatings
Residential Interior Area Coated (sq ft) Residential Exterior Area Coated (sq ft) Non-Residential Interior Area Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area Coated
(sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
2617413.75 872,471 0.00 0.00 —
5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180
5.11. Operational Energy Consumption
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5.11.1. Unmitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 4,286,713 261 0.0330 0.0040 16,324,020 Apartments Low Rise 2,567,546 261 0.0330 0.0040 6,363,834
5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 18,669,263 107,502,683
Apartments Low Rise 15,252,666 15,804,521
5.13. Operational Waste Generation
5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 420 —
Apartments Low Rise 277 —
5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment
5.14.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced Single Family Housing Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
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Single Family Housing Household refrigerators
and/or freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
Apartments Low Rise Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.50 2.50 10.0
Apartments Low Rise Household refrigerators
and/or freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment
5.15.1. Unmitigated
Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor
5.16. Stationary Sources
5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number per Day Hours per Day Hours per Year Horsepower Load Factor
5.16.2. Process Boilers
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number Boiler Rating (MMBtu/hr) Daily Heat Input (MMBtu/day) Annual Heat Input (MMBtu/yr)
5.17. User Defined
Equipment Type Fuel Type
5.18. Vegetation
5.18.1. Land Use Change
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5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres
5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres
5.18.2. Sequestration
5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)
6. Climate Risk Detailed Report
6.1. Climate Risk Summary
Cal-Adapt midcentury 2040–2059 average projections for four hazards are reported below for your project location. These are under Representation Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 which assumes GHG emissions will continue to rise strongly through 2050 and then plateau around 2100.
Climate Hazard Result for Project Location Unit
Temperature and Extreme Heat 20.5 annual days of extreme heat Extreme Precipitation 0.90 annual days with precipitation above 20 mm Sea Level Rise — meters of inundation depth
Wildfire 0.90 annual hectares burned
Temperature and Extreme Heat data are for grid cell in which your project are located. The projection is based on the 98th historical percentile of daily maximum/minimum temperatures from observed historical data (32 climate model ensemble from Cal-Adapt, 2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.
Extreme Precipitation data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The threshold of 20 mm is equivalent to about ¾ an inch of rain, which would be light to moderate rainfall if received over a full day or heavy rain if received over a period of 2 to 4 hours. Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.
Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 58 / 63
Sea Level Rise data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from Radke et al. (2017), as reported in Cal-Adapt (Radke et al., 2017, CEC-500-2017-008), and consider inundation location and depth for the San Francisco Bay, the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta and California coast resulting different increments of sea level rise coupled with extreme storm events.
Users may select from four scenarios to view the range in potential inundation depth for the grid cell. The four scenarios are: No rise, 0.5 meter, 1.0 meter, 1.41 meters Wildfire data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from UC Davis, as reported in Cal-Adapt (2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5), and consider historical data of climate, vegetation, population density, and large (> 400 ha) fire history. Users may select from four model simulations to view the range in potential wildfire probabilities for the grid cell. The four simulations make different assumptions about expected rainfall and temperature are: Warmer/drier (HadGEM2-ES), Cooler/wetter (CNRM-CM5), Average conditions (CanESM2), Range of different rainfall and temperature possibilities (MIROC5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.
6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 1 0 0 N/A
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise N/A N/A N/A N/A
Wildfire N/A N/A N/A N/A
Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drought 0 0 0 N/A
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation N/A N/A N/A N/A
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure.
The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest ability to adapt.
The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores do not include implementation of climate risk reduction measures.
6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 1 1 1 2
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise N/A N/A N/A N/A
Wildfire N/A N/A N/A N/A
Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drought 1 1 1 2
Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 59 / 63
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation N/A N/A N/A N/A
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure.
The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest ability to adapt.
The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores include implementation of climate risk reduction measures.
6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures
7. Health and Equity Details
7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores
The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state.
Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Exposure Indicators —
AQ-Ozone 91.1
AQ-PM 4.65
AQ-DPM 49.0
Drinking Water 45.4
Lead Risk Housing 10.5
Pesticides 14.1
Toxic Releases 5.78
Traffic 51.0
Effect Indicators —
CleanUp Sites 0.00
Groundwater 0.00
Haz Waste Facilities/Generators 0.00
Impaired Water Bodies 0.00
Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 60 / 63
Solid Waste 0.00
Sensitive Population —
Asthma 45.9
Cardio-vascular 65.4
Low Birth Weights 49.9
Socioeconomic Factor Indicators —
Education 52.1
Housing 64.8
Linguistic 51.5
Poverty 70.0
Unemployment 70.9
7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores
The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.
Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Economic —
Above Poverty 46.43911202
Employed 37.66200436
Median HI 39.83061722
Education —
Bachelor's or higher 38.31643783
High school enrollment 100
Preschool enrollment 81.75285513
Transportation —
Auto Access 41.51161299
Active commuting 1.039394328
Social —
Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 61 / 63
2-parent households 52.93211857
Voting 37.67483639
Neighborhood —
Alcohol availability 66.35442063
Park access 8.186834339
Retail density 7.686385218
Supermarket access 41.16514821
Tree canopy 0.744257667
Housing —
Homeownership 59.50211728
Housing habitability 46.01565508
Low-inc homeowner severe housing cost burden 20.50558193 Low-inc renter severe housing cost burden 33.11946619
Uncrowded housing 40.60053895
Health Outcomes —
Insured adults 27.75567817
Arthritis 0.0
Asthma ER Admissions 52.5
High Blood Pressure 0.0
Cancer (excluding skin) 0.0
Asthma 0.0
Coronary Heart Disease 0.0
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 0.0
Diagnosed Diabetes 0.0
Life Expectancy at Birth 35.9
Cognitively Disabled 66.4
Physically Disabled 12.2
Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 62 / 63
Heart Attack ER Admissions 33.9
Mental Health Not Good 0.0
Chronic Kidney Disease 0.0
Obesity 0.0
Pedestrian Injuries 19.6
Physical Health Not Good 0.0
Stroke 0.0
Health Risk Behaviors —
Binge Drinking 0.0
Current Smoker 0.0
No Leisure Time for Physical Activity 0.0
Climate Change Exposures —
Wildfire Risk 0.0
SLR Inundation Area 0.0
Children 76.4
Elderly 42.6
English Speaking 74.6
Foreign-born 44.9
Outdoor Workers 55.6
Climate Change Adaptive Capacity —
Impervious Surface Cover 53.3
Traffic Density 33.1
Traffic Access 23.0
Other Indices —
Hardship 54.3
Other Decision Support —
2016 Voting 54.1
Verano Residential Development Project Detailed Report, 3/19/2024 63 / 63
7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores
Metric Result for Project Census Tract
CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Score for Project Location (a) 29.0 Healthy Places Index Score for Project Location (b) 41.0 Project Located in a Designated Disadvantaged Community (Senate Bill 535) No Project Located in a Low-Income Community (Assembly Bill 1550) No Project Located in a Community Air Protection Program Community (Assembly Bill 617) No a: The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state. b: The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.
7.4. Health & Equity Measures
No Health & Equity Measures selected.
7.5. Evaluation Scorecard
Health & Equity Evaluation Scorecard not completed.
7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures
No Health & Equity Custom Measures created.
8. User Changes to Default Data
Screen Justification
Land Use Updated Lot Acreage to match project site plan, split landscaping between single family and multifamily.
Construction: Construction Phases No demolition required as the project site is vacant.
Construction: Off-Road Equipment Replaced Tractor/Loaders/Backhoes with Crawler Tractors for the Site Preparation and Grading Phases. Updated all equipment to operate 8hrs a day.
Operations: Hearths No fireplaces proposed, Wood stoves not allowed due to SCAQMD rule 445.
February 2024
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
VERANO RESIDENTIAL PROJECT
CATHEDRAL CITY, CALIFORNIA
February 2024
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
VERANO RESIDENTIAL PROJECT
CATHEDRAL CITY, CALIFORNIA
Submitted to:
EPD Solutions, Inc.
3333 Michelson Drive, Suite 500
Irvine, California 92612
Prepared by:
LSA
3210 El Camino Real, Ste. 100
Irvine, California 92602
(949) 553-0666
Project No. ESL2201.80
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................... i LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS............................................................................................. ii INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 Project Location and Description .................................................................................................. 1 Existing Land Uses In The Project Area ......................................................................................... 1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................ 4 California Air Resources Board Handbook and Technical Advisory .............................................. 4 Office of Environmental Health and Hazard Assessment Guidelines ........................................... 5 South Coast Air Quality Management District .............................................................................. 5 SETTING...................................................................................................................... 6 Regional Air Quality....................................................................................................................... 6 THRESHOLDS OF SIGNIFICANCE................................................................................... 8 METHODOLOGY.......................................................................................................... 9 General Information...................................................................................................................... 9 HEALTH RISK IMPACTS.............................................................................................. 13 Carcinogenic and Chronic Impacts.............................................................................................. 13 Acute Emission Impact................................................................................................................ 13 Future Health Risk Impacts ......................................................................................................... 14 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 15
FIGURES
Figure 1: Project Location....................................................................................................................... 2 Figure 2: Site Plan................................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 3: Project Area Wind Patterns..................................................................................................... 6 TABLES
Table A: Health Risks from Train Activity to Future Receptors – 2024 Activity ................................... 13 Table B: Health Risks from Train Activity to Future Receptors – 2040 Activity ................................... 14
APPENDICES
A: EMISSION FACTORS FOR TRAINS AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT EMISSION RATES B: HRA MODEL SNAPSHOTS
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» ii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
AB Assembly Bill
AERMOD American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model
Basin Salton Sea Air Basin
CalEPA California Environmental Protection Agency
CAPCOA California Air Pollution Control Officers Association CARB California Air Resources Board
CARB Handbook Air Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Community Health Perspective CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
City City of Cathedral City
DERA Diesel Emissions Reduction Act
DPM diesel particulate matter
EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
HARP Hotspots Analysis and Reporting Program
HI Hazard Index
hp horsepower
HRA Health Risk Assessment
I-10 Interstate 10
IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer
MEI maximally exposed individual
MICR maximum individual cancer risk
mph miles per hour
OEHHA Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
project Verano Residential Project
REL Acute Reference Exposure Level
RMP Risk Management Policy
SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District
SCAQMD Guidelines AB 2588 and Rule 1402 Supplemental Guidelines TACs toxic air contaminants
URF unit risk factor
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» 1
INTRODUCTION
LSA has prepared a Health Risk Assessment (HRA) for the proposed Verano Residential Project (project) in Cathedral City, California. An HRA is a process used to estimate the increased health risk levels for people living and/or working near a project that emits toxic air contaminants (TACs). An HRA combines the results of studies on the health effects of various animal and human exposure to TACs with the results of studies that estimate the exposure levels at different distances from the source of pollutants. The purpose of the HRA is to document the increased cancer and noncancer health risk levels from the adjacent Union Pacific Railroad line to the proposed residences.
The City of Cathedral City (City) recommends the preparation of an HRA in accordance with policies and procedures of the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) and the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). This HRA evaluates risk consistent with these documents and in compliance with all applicable requirements.
PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
The proposed project is located north of Verona Road and west of Landau Boulevard in Cathedral City, California.
The project consists of 459 single-family detached units and 375 attached and detached multi-family condominium units on an approximately 129-acre site. The site is currently vacant. The project site is surrounded by existing single-family homes to the south and east, vacant land to the west, south, and north, and the existing Union Pacific Railroad line to the northeast. Further northeast of the project site is Interstate 10 (I-10). An existing berm and masonry block wall run parallel to a portion of the site’s northeastern boundary. Figures 1 and 2 show the project location and site plan, respectively.
EXISTING LAND USES IN THE PROJECT AREA
The project site is irregularly shaped and surrounded primarily by residential uses and vacant parcels. The areas adjacent to the project site include the following uses:
• North: Existing vacant land;
• Northeast: Existing Union Pacific Railroad followed by I-10; • East: Existing single-family residences followed by vacant land; • South: Existing single-family residences; and
• West: Existing vacant land.
Whitewater River
10 10
Ed om Hill Rd
Ventura Dr
Avenida Quintana
Pasada Rd
Los Gatos Rd
Peineta Rd
Avenida Maravilla
Avenida La Paz
Madrid Rd
Medano Rd
Jarana Rd
Tachevah Dr
Ontina Rd
Rio Vista
Clubhouse
View
Dr
Tamara Rd
Ovante Rd
Rango Rd
Tortuga Rd
Avenida la Vista
Peladora Rd
Verona Rd
Hermosillo Rd
Encinitas Rd
Estio Rd
Concepcion Rd
Banning-Indio Rd
30th Ave
Avenida Maravilla
Durango Rd
Varner Rd
Date Palm
Dr Date Palm
Dr
Vista Chino
N
Gene Autry
Trl
N
Gene Autry Trl N
Gene Autry Trl
Country Club
Desert Princess
Club
Escena Golf
Salvia
SOURCE: ESRI Street Map, 2023
I:\ESL2201.67\G\Location.ai (8/18/2023)
FIGURE 1
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RIV E RSID E
COUN T Y
Ã111
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Project Vicinity
0 1000 2000
FEET
Project Location
FIGURE 2
I:\ESL2201.67\G\Site Plan.ai (2/21/2024)
Site Plan
Verona Residential
FEET
600 300 0
SOURCE: EPD Solutions, Inc.
Verano Residential
Cathedral City
Figure 3-1
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CATHEDRAL CITY, CA
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Amended Planning Areas
Conceptual Site Plan
LEGEND
Amended Planning Areas
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» 4
BACKGROUND
This section provides a discussion of regulatory guidance from the California Air Resources Board (CARB), OEHHA, California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA), and SCAQMD.
CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD HANDBOOK AND TECHNICAL ADVISORY CARB has developed an Air Quality and Land Use Handbook (CARB Handbook;) 1 and a supplement,
Strategies to Reduce Air Pollution Exposure Near High-Volume Roadways: Technical Advisory2 , which
are intended to serve as general reference guides for evaluating and reducing air pollution impacts associated with new projects that are part of the land use decision-making process. According to the CARB Handbook, recent air pollution studies have shown an association between both respiratory and other noncancer health effects and proximity to high-traffic roadways and other land uses associated with high volume truck traffic. Other studies have shown that diesel exhaust and other cancer-causing chemicals emitted from cars and trucks are responsible for much of the overall cancer risk from airborne toxics in California.
Land uses that can produce air pollution sources of concern include freeways, rail yards, ports, refineries, distribution centers, chrome plating facilities, dry cleaners, and large gasoline service stations. Key recommendations in the CARB Handbook include taking steps to avoid siting new, sensitive land uses:
• Within 500 feet of a freeway, urban roads with 100,000 vehicles/day or rural roads with 50,000 vehicles/day;
• Within 1,000 feet of a major service and maintenance rail yard; • Immediately downwind of ports (in the most heavily impacted zones) and petroleum refineries; • Within 300 feet of any dry cleaning operation (for operations with two or more machines, provide 500 feet); and
• Within 300 feet of a large gas station (defined as a facility with a throughput of 3.6 million gallons per year or greater).
The CARB Handbook specifically states that its recommendations are advisory and acknowledges land use agencies have to balance other considerations, including housing and transportation needs, economic development priorities, and other quality of life issues.
The recommendations are generalized and do not consider site-specific meteorology, freeway truck percentages, or other factors that influence risk for a particular project site. The purpose of this 1 California Air Resources Board (CARB). 2005. Air Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Community Health Perspective. April. Website: www.arb.ca.gov/ch/handbook.pdf (accessed January 2024). 2 CARB. 2017. Strategies to Reduce Air Pollution Exposure Near High-Volume Roadways: Technical Advisory.
April. Website: www.arb.ca.gov/ch/rd_technical_analysis_fact_sheet.pdf (accessed January 2024).
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» 5 guidance is to help land use agencies determine when to further examine project sites for actual health risk associated with the location of new sensitive land uses.
OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND HAZARD ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES The OEHHA developed the Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Guidance Manual3 in conjunction with the CARB for use in implementing the Air Toxics Hot Spots Program (Health and Safety Code Section 44360). The manual describes health effect values, exposure pathway variates (e.g., breathing rates), and a tiered approach for performing HRAs based on current science and policy assessment.
The intent of the guidance manual is to incorporate children’s health concerns, update risk assessment practices, and provide consistent risk assessment procedures.
California Air Pollution Control Officers Association
In 2009, the CAPCOA published guidance4 on assessing the health risk impacts from and to proposed land use projects subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), focusing on the acute, chronic, and cancer impacts. The document recommends procedures to identify when a project should undergo further risk evaluation, procedures for conducting an HRA, guidelines to engage the public, presentation guidelines for results from the HRA, and mitigation measures that may be appropriate for various land use projects.
SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
The SCAQMD has risk assessment guidelines, AB 2588 and Rule 1402 Supplemental Guidelines (SCAQMD Guidelines).
5 These guidelines incorporate the OEHHA guidance and the options to be used when using the CARB’s Hotspots Analysis and Reporting Program Version 2 (HARP) program for risk assessment calculations.6
3 California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). 2015. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Guidance Manual. March. Website: oehha.ca.gov/air/crnr/notice-adoption-air-toxics-hot-spotsprogram-guidance-manual-preparation-health-risk-0 (accessed January 2024). 4 California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA). 2009. Health Risk Assessments for Proposed Land Use Projects. July. Website: https://ww2.valleyair.org/media/glsdzpx3/capcoa_hra_lu_guidelines_8- 6-09.pdf (accessed January 2024). 5 South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). 2018. AB 2588 and Rule 1402 Supplemental Guidelines. July. Website: www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/risk-assessment/ab2588 supplementalguidelines.pdf (accessed January 2024). 6 CARB. n.d. Hot Spots Analysis & Reporting Program. Website: www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/harp/harp.htm (accessed January 2024).
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
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SETTING
REGIONAL AIR QUALITY
The project site is in Cathedral City, California, which is part of the Salton Sea Air Basin (Basin) and is under the jurisdiction of the SCAQMD.
Climate/Meteorology
Air quality in the planning area is not only affected by various emission sources (e.g., mobile and industry), but also by atmospheric conditions (e.g., wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and rainfall). The nearest representative meteorological station that provides the American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model (AERMOD) ready meteorological data is the Palm Springs Airport Meteorological Station, approximately 2 miles southwest of the project site. Figure 3, Project Area Wind Patterns, shows the windrose7 from data measured at this station and the wind patterns for the project area.
Source: SCAQMD Meteorological Data for AERMOD. Website: www.aqmd.gov/home/airquality/air-quality-data-studies/meteorological-data/data-for-aermod (accessed January 2024).
Figure 3: Project Area Wind Patterns
7 A windrose provides a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location. Presented in a circular format, the windrose shows the frequency of winds blowing from particular directions.
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» 7 Toxic Air Contaminants
The public’s exposure to TACs is a significant environmental health issue in the State of California.
In 1983, the California Legislature enacted a program to identify the health effects of TACs and to reduce exposure to these contaminants to protect the public health. The Health and Safety Code defines a TAC as “an air pollutant which may cause or contribute to an increase in mortality or in serious illness, or which may pose a present or potential hazard to human health.” A substance that is listed as a hazardous air pollutant pursuant to subsection (b) of Section 112 of the Federal Act (42 United States Code Section 7412) is a TAC. Under State law, the California Environmental Protection Agency, acting through CARB, is authorized to identify a substance as a TAC if it determines the substance is an air pollutant that may cause or contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious illness, or which may pose a present or potential hazard to human health.
California regulates TACs primarily through Assembly Bill (AB) 1807 (the Tanner Air Toxics Act), AB 2588 (the Air Toxics “Hot Spot” Information and Assessment Act of 1987), and Senate Bill 25 (the Children's Environmental Health Protection Act). The Tanner Air Toxics Act sets forth a formal procedure for CARB to designate substances as TACs. Once a TAC is identified, CARB adopts an “airborne toxics control measure” for sources that emit designated TACs. If there is a safe threshold for a substance at which there is no toxic effect, the control measure must reduce exposure to below that threshold. If there is no safe threshold, the measure must incorporate toxics best available control technology to minimize emissions.
Air toxics from stationary sources are also regulated in California under AB 2588. Under AB 2588, TAC emissions from individual facilities are quantified and prioritized by the designated air quality management district or air pollution control district. High-priority facilities are required to perform an HRA and, if specific thresholds are exceeded, are required to communicate the results to the public in the form of notices and public meetings.
To date, CARB has designated nearly 200 compounds as TACs. Additionally, CARB has implemented control measures for a number of compounds that pose high risks and show potential for effective control. The majority of the estimated health risks from TACs can be attributed to relatively few compounds, the most important being particulate matter from diesel-fueled engines (diesel particulate matter or DPM).
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
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THRESHOLDS OF SIGNIFICANCE
Both the State and federal governments have established health-based ambient air quality standards for seven air pollutants. For other air pollutants without defined significance standards, the definition of substantial pollutant concentrations varies. For TACs, “substantial” is taken to mean that the individual health risk exceeds a threshold considered to be a prudent risk management level.
The following limits for maximum individual cancer risk (MICR) and noncancer acute and chronic Hazard Index (HI) from project emissions of TACs are considered appropriate for use in determining the health risk for projects in the Basin:
• MICR: MICR is the estimated probability of a maximally exposed individual (MEI) contracting cancer as a result of exposure to TACs over a period of 30 years for adults and 9 years for children in residential locations and over a period of 25 years for workers. The MICR calculations include multipathway consideration, when applicable.
The cumulative increase in MICR that is the sum of the calculated MICR values for all TACs would be considered significant if it would result in an increased MICR greater than 10 in 1 million (1 x 10-5
) at any receptor location.
• Chronic HI: Chronic HI is the ratio of the estimated long-term level of exposure to a TAC for a potential MEI to its chronic reference exposure level. The chronic HI calculations include multipathway consideration, when applicable.
The project would be considered significant if the cumulative increase in total chronic HI for any target organ system would exceed 1.0 at any receptor location. • Acute HI: Acute HI is the ratio of the estimated maximum 1-hour concentration of a TAC for a potential MEI to its acute reference exposure level.
The project would be considered significant if the cumulative increase in total acute HI for any target organ system would exceed 1.0 at any receptor location.
The SCAQMD CEQA Air Quality Handbook8 states that emissions of TACs are considered significant if an HRA shows an increased risk of greater than 10 in 1 million. Based on guidance from SCAQMD in the document Health Risk Assessment Guidance for Analyzing Cancer Risks from Mobile Source Diesel Idling Emissions for CEQA Air Quality Analysis,
9 for the purposes of this analysis, the threshold
of 10 in 1 million was used as the cancer risk threshold for the proposed project. 8 SCAQMD. 1993. CEQA Air Quality Handbook (currently under revision). 9 SCAQMD. 2003. Health Risk Assessment Guidance for Analyzing Cancer Risks from Mobile Source Diesel Idling Emissions for CEQA Air Quality Analysis. August.
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» 9
METHODOLOGY
This HRA focuses on the potential health risks to the future residents of the project following the CARB Handbook and Supplement and OEHHA, CAPCOA, and SCAQMD guidance and recommendations. As identified in the Background section above, the CARB Handbook recommends an evaluation of sensitive land uses within 500 feet of a freeway or within 1,000 feet of major rail.
The project site is located approximately 800 feet from 1-10 and is located adjacent to the Union Pacific Railroad line. Since the project site is located over 500 feet of I-10 and within 1,000 feet of the Union Pacifici Railroad line, this HRA focuses the short-term and long-term potential health effects from emissions of TACs associated with trains operating on the adjacent tracks.
GENERAL INFORMATION
For the purposes of an HRA, short-term emissions are of concern for analyzing acute health impacts, and long-term emissions are of concern for analyzing chronic and carcinogenic health impacts.
A screening-level multipathway assessment has been conducted. This technique was chosen as recommended in the OEHHA’s Air Toxic Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines. 10 This HRA has been conducted using three models:
• United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) train emission factors • EPA’s AERMOD to determine how the TACs would move through the atmosphere after release from sources near the project site
• CARB HARP model to translate the pollutant concentrations from AERMOD into individual health risks to future residents of the project
This HRA includes analyzing the inhalation, dermal soil, mother’s milk, and homegrown produce pathways. This technique was chosen as prescribed in SCAQMD’s AB 2588 and Rule 1402 Supplemental Guidelines.
11 The OEHHA has determined that long-term exposure to diesel exhaust particulates poses the highest cancer risk of any TAC it has evaluated. Exposure to diesel exhaust can also have immediate health effects. Diesel exhaust can irritate the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs, and it can cause coughs, headaches, lightheadedness, and nausea. In studies with human volunteers, diesel exhaust particles (also known as DPM) made people with allergies more susceptible to the materials to which they are allergic, such as dust and pollen. Exposure to diesel exhaust also causes inflammation in the lungs, which may aggravate chronic respiratory symptoms and increase the frequency or intensity of asthma attacks. For risk assessment procedures, the OEHHA specifies that the surrogate for whole diesel exhaust is DPM.
10 OEHHA. 2015. op cit. 11 SCAQMD. 2018. op. cit.
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» 10 This HRA is considered to be conservative due primarily to the following three factors:
1. The CARB-adopted diesel exhaust unit risk factor (URF) of 300 in 1 million per microgram per cubic meter is based on the upper 95th percentile of estimated risk for each of the epidemiological studies used to develop the URF. Therefore, the risk factor is already representative of the conservative risk posed by DPM.
2. The risk estimates assume sensitive residence receptors would be subject to DPM for 24 hours per day, 350 days per year, and worker receptors for 8 hours per day, 350 days per year. As a conservative measure, SCAQMD does not recognize indoor adjustments for residents or workers. However, typical people spend the majority of their time indoors versus remaining outdoors for 24 hours per day, 350 days per year.12 Therefore, the actual exposure any person would experience would be less than considered in this analysis. This results in much lower actual health risk levels than presented in this analysis.
3. The exposure to DPM is assumed to be constant for the given period analyzed (i.e., 30 years).
However, emissions from DPM are expected to substantially decrease in the future with the implementation of standard regulatory requirements and technological advancement to reduce DPM. Therefore, the health risk levels from future trains would be less than presented in this analysis.
Improvements over the last 40 years to diesel fuel and diesel engines have resulted in lower emissions of some of these TACs.
13 These improvements resulted in a 75 percent reduction in particle emissions from diesel-powered trucks and other equipment in 2010 and an 85 percent reduction by 2020 compared to 2000 levels.
14 These improvements are anticipated to continue into
the foreseeable future. Electric trains are also on the horizon and, once in use, would eliminate the emissions of DPM.
Emission Sources
The Union Pacific Railroad line is located immediately northeast of the project site. Based on data from the City of Cathedral City General Plan Environmental Impact Report, 15 in 2018, railroad traffic
was approximately 40 trains per day, with an assumed speed of 70 miles per hour (mph), an average of 80 cars per train, and a train length of 5,200 feet. By 2040, traffic on the Union Pacific Railroad line could reach approximately 70 trains per day. Therefore, to be conservative, this analysis 12 In May 1991, the CARB Research Division, in association with the University of California, Berkeley, published research findings titled Activity Patterns of California Residents. The findings of that study indicate that, on average, adults and adolescents in California spent almost 15 hours per day inside their homes and 6 hours in other indoor locations, for a total of 21 hours (87 percent of the day). About 2 hours per day were spent in transit, and just over 1 hour per day was spent in outdoor locations. 13 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). n.d. Learn About Impacts of Diesel Exhaust and the Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA). Website: www.epa.gov/dera/learn-about-impacts-diesel-exhaustand-diesel-emissions-reduction-act-dera (accessed January 2024). 14 OEHHA. 2001. Health Effects of Diesel Exhaust. May 21. Website: oehha.ca.gov/air/health-effects-dieselexhaust (accessed January 2024). 15 City of Cathedral City. 2019. City of Cathedral City General Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report. July
15. HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» 11 assumes that there would be 70 trains per day. Additionally, as the emissions from freight trains are greater than those from passenger trains, it was assumed for this analysis that all 70 trains are freight trains.
United States emission standards for railway locomotives apply to newly manufactured as well as remanufactured railroad locomotives and locomotive engines fueled by diesel and by other fuels (e.g., natural gas). The standards have been adopted by the EPA in two major regulatory steps:
• Tier 0-2 Standards: The first emissions regulation for railroad locomotives was adopted in December 1997. The rulemaking, which became effective from 2000, applied to locomotives originally manufactured from 1973 any time they were manufactured or remanufactured. • Tier 3-4 Standards: A regulation signed in March 2008 introduced more stringent emissions requirements. Tier 3 standards became effective from 2011–2012. Tier 4 standards, which were originally intended to require exhaust gas aftertreatment technologies, became effective from 2015. The 2008 regulation also includes more stringent emissions standards for remanufactured Tier 0-2 locomotives.
There is no information available describing the tier level of the trains passing the project site. For this analysis, it was assumed that no trains would be Tier 0 or 1, 75 percent of the trains would be Tier 2, no trains would be Tier 3, and 25 percent of the trains would be Tier 4. This is considered a reasonable mix of older and newer engines. It was also assumed the train engines would average 1,064 horsepower (hp) with a speed of 70 mph.
Toxic Air Contaminant Air Dispersion Modeling
In order to assess the impact of TAC emissions on residents who would live at the proposed project, air dispersion modeling was performed using AERMOD. The model is provided by the EPA to estimate the pollutant concentrations associated with emissions sources in simple and complex terrain. The model was used to calculate the annual average and short-duration (e.g., 1-hour) TAC concentrations associated with emissions sources surrounding the project. Details of these inputs are shown in Appendix A.
A series of volume sources were used to represent passing trains. Vertical (sigma z) dispersion parameters were developed by approximating mixing zone residence time and quantifying the initial vertical term as described in the EPA guidance.
The model requires additional input parameters, including local meteorology. Due to the model’s sensitivity to individual parameters (e.g., wind speed, temperature, and direction), the EPA recommends meteorological data used as input into dispersion models be selected on the basis of relative spatial and temporal conditions that exist in the area of concern. As such, 5 years of meteorological data from SCAQMD’s Palm Springs Airport Monitoring Station (the nearest available station) was used to represent local weather conditions and prevailing winds. Figure 3 above shows the graphical representation of the wind patterns.
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» 12 Hotspots Analysis and Reporting Program Modeling
CARB’s HARP2 model is a tool that assists with the programmatic requirements of the Air Toxics “Hot Spots” Program (AB 2588). HARP2 was used to translate the TAC concentrations from AERMOD into long-term carcinogenic and chronic, and short-term acute health risk levels following the guidance in the SCAQMD and OEHHA risk assessment guidelines. These guidelines specify a minimum set of TAC pathways and HARP2 modeling options for the carcinogenic assessment.
To estimate chronic noncancer risks at residential receptors, the “RMP-(Risk Management Policy) Derived Method” risk-calculation option was used. Following the OEHHA guidance, an 8-hour chronic noncancer risk was calculated for residential receptors because the project would operate more than 8 hours per day and 5 days per week.
The dose-response relationship for a specific pollutant describes the association between exposure and the observed response (health effect). In other words, the relationship estimates how different levels of exposure to a pollutant change the likelihood and severity of health effects. The doseresponse relationship (the response occurring with increasing doses) varies with each pollutant, individual sensitivity, and type of health effect. Combining the results of the emission characterization and dispersion modeling described above with the dose-response assessment gives an estimate of the increased health risk for an individual exposed to the maximum predicted longterm concentrations of TACs.
Discrete variants for daily breathing rates, exposure frequency, and exposure duration were default rates as presented in the OEHHA guidance document entitled Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Guidance Manual for Preparation of Health Risk Assessments16 and guidance from SCAQMD. 16 OEHHA. 2015. op cit.
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
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HEALTH RISK IMPACTS
The following section describes the potential impacts on future sensitive receptors living at the project site from trains on the adjacent Union Pacific Railroad line. The HRA analysis and results are presented in Table A below. Data outputs are included in Appendix A and model snapshots are included in Appendix B.
Table A: Health Risks from Train Activity to Future Receptors – 2024 Activity Location
Carcinogenic
Inhalation Health Risk
in 1 Million
Chronic Inhalation
Hazard Index
Acute Inhalation
Hazard Index
Maximally Exposed Resident 9.30 0.003 0.000
SCAQMD Significance Threshold 10.0 in 1 million 1.0 1.0 Significant? No No No
Source: Compiled by LSA (February 2024).
SCAQMD = South Coast Air Quality Management District
CARCINOGENIC AND CHRONIC IMPACTS
Exposure to TACs from train exhaust can result in immediate health effects. According to the EPA’s Learn About Impacts of Diesel Exhaust and the Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) website17, exposure to diesel exhaust can lead to serious health conditions like asthma and respiratory illnesses and can worsen existing heart and lung disease, especially in children and the elderly. According to the CARB’s Overview: Diesel Exhaust & Health website18, in 2012, additional studies on the cancercausing potential of diesel exhaust published since CARB’s determination led the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC, a division of the World Health Organization) to list diesel engine exhaust as “carcinogenic to humans”.
The results for carcinogenic and chronic impacts are shown in Table A. The resident carcinogenic risk shown applies to a resident living at the project site for 30 years. Results of the analysis indicate that the MEI inhalation cancer risk from train activity would be 9.30, which would be less than the threshold of 10 in 1 million.
The maximum chronic hazard index would be 0.003, which is also below the threshold of 1.0.
ACUTE EMISSION IMPACT
The acute hazard index is the ratio of the average short-term (generally 1-hour) ambient concentration of an acutely toxic substance(s) divided by the acute reference exposure level set by the OEHHA. This ratio is repeated for every acutely toxic substance, and all are summed to derive 17 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). n.d. Learn About Impacts of Diesel Exhaust and the Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA). Website: www.epa.gov/dera/learn-about-impacts-diesel-exhaustand-diesel-emissions-reduction-act-dera (accessed January 2024). 18 California Air Resources Board (CARB). n.d.-e. Overview: Diesel Exhaust & Health. Website: www.arb.ca gov/resources/overview-diesel-exhaust-and-health (accessed January 2024).
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24» 14 the overall acute hazard index. If this acute hazard index is above 1, then adverse health effects may occur. Using the modeling methods described above for the project, Table A shows the maximum acute health risks to future residents of the proposed project.
As shown in Table A, for future residents of the project site, the maximum acute HI would be nominal (0.000), below the threshold of 1.0 since diesel exhaust does not have an Acute Reference Exposure Level (REL). Therefore, the potential for acute exposure would not be significant.
FUTURE HEALTH RISK IMPACTS
As stated in the Methodology section above, improvements over the last 40 years to diesel fuel and diesel engines have resulted in lower emissions of some of these TACs. 19 These improvements
resulted in a 75 percent reduction in particle emissions from diesel-powered trucks and other equipment in 2010 and an 85 percent reduction by 2020 compared to 2000 levels.20 These improvements are anticipated to continue into the foreseeable future. As such, Table B shows the results of the analysis assuming EPA train emission factors in 2040. As shown in Table B, by 2040, health risks to the future residents would be lower.
Table B: Health Risks from Train Activity to Future Receptors – 2040 Activity Location
Carcinogenic
Inhalation Health Risk
in 1 Million
Chronic Inhalation
Hazard Index
Acute Inhalation
Hazard Index
Maximally Exposed Resident 2.19 0.001 0.000
SCAQMD Significance Threshold 10.0 in 1 million 1.0 1.0 Significant? No No No
Source: Compiled by LSA (February 2024).
SCAQMD = South Coast Air Quality Management District
As shown in Table B, the maximum inhalation cancer risk would be 2.19 in 1 million, which would be below the SCAQMD risk threshold of 10 in 1 million. The total chronic hazard index would be 0.001, which would not exceed the SCAQMD threshold of 1.0. In addition, the total acute hazard index would be nominal (0.000), which would also not exceed the SCAQMD threshold of 1.0. 19 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). n.d. Learn About Impacts of Diesel Exhaust and the Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA). Website: www.epa.gov/dera/learn-about-impacts-diesel-exhaustand-diesel-emissions-reduction-act-dera (accessed January 2024). 20 OEHHA. 2001. Health Effects of Diesel Exhaust. May 21. Website: oehha.ca.gov/air/health-effects-dieselexhaust (accessed January 2024).
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
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CONCLUSION
The HRA results estimate a risk that does not exceed the SCAQMD criteria for cancer or acute health risks. As noted in the Methodology section, this analysis assumes the resident would be outdoors for the 30-year exposure period. Actual health risk would be much lower with time spent indoors, as standard heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems would remove approximately 80 percent of the pollutants when the system is running and windows are closed, resulting in a similar reduction in risk. Therefore, future residents of the project site would not be exposed to substantial pollutant concentrations that would cause harmful effects. As such, future residents of the proposed project would not be exposed to any significant health risk level.
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24»
APPENDIX A
EMISSION FACTORS FOR TRAINS AND
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT EMISSION RATES
2024 Activity (70/Day)
Parameter HARP Rec # X & Y Coordinate Result
548252.01
3746491.5
548252.01
3746491.5
0 0
548252.01
3746491.5
2040 Activity (70/Day)
Parameter HARP Rec # X & Y Coordinate Result
548252.01
3746491.5
548252.01
3746491.5
0 0
548252.01
3746491.5
Acute HI 0 0.00E+00
PM 2.5 3569 0.0037
30 Yr Cancer Risk (in a
Million) - 2040 3569 2.19
Chronic HI 3569 7.40E-04
Operational Sensitive Receptor
Operational Sensitive Receptor
30 Yr Cancer Risk (in a
Million) - 2024 3569 9.30
PM 2.5 3569 0.0157
Chronic HI 3569 3.14E-03
Acute HI 0 0.00E+00
Source
Link
Evel Data Descr.
Telescoping Grid Spacing (m) Distance (m)
Grid 1 10 ALL
Grid 2
Grid 3
Grid 4
Comments
Location
Provided By
Years
Elevation (m)
Link
Regulatory Options
Pollutant Type
Averaging Period
Dispersion Coefficient
Urban Grouping / Pop N 0
# Worker Receptors
# Sensitive Receptors
# of School Receptors
Source Type
Initial Vertical (m)
Initial Lateral (m)
Release Ht (m)
Volume Length (m)
Starting Age
Age Range
Receptor Type
Assessment Type
Exposure Duration
Intake Rate
Comments
Pathways
Deposition Rate
TAH < 16 yrs
TAH ≥ 16 yrs
General AERMOD Input Parameters
Meteorological Dataset
Palm Springs Arpt.
South Coast AQMD
7.5 min
Receptors on roads or parking lot areas have been removed.
Project Receptor Grid
Based on site plan
Project Boundary
Project Elevation Data
Lakes Environmental
http://www.webgis.com/terraindata.html
https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/air-quality/meterorologicaldata/aermod-ready-meteorological-data/table-1-meteorologicalsites/2017/PalmSpringsAirportADJU.zip?sfvrsn=7 125
Line Volume
1.42 Operational Modeling Specific Inputs
Default
2012 - 2016
Construction
AERMOD Input Options
Other
Period / Hourly
2.84 Surface
Rail Segment Specific
Rural
0 5151
Train Travel Parameters
0 General HARP Input Parameters
3rd Trimester
30 year
Sensitive Scenario Parameters
Sensitive Receptors
Individual Resident
Cancer / Chronic / Acute
1 RMP using the Derived Method
Sensitive Pathway Parameters
SCAQMD Mandatory Minimum Pathways
0.02 Y
Y
Year
Line Haul Engine TIER Engine Horse Power Speed Distance Traveled (m)
Time / Trip
(Hrs) Trains / Day Days / Week Weeks/Year Times /
Week
Emissions
(lbs / Year) 2024 EF
g/bhp-hr
Engine
Horse
Power
Speed
Distance
Traveled
(m)
Time /
Trip
(Hrs)
Trains /
Day
Days /
Week
Weeks /
Year
Times /
Week
Model
Adjustment
Emissions
(lbs / Year)
Uncontrolled 0 70 1609 0.014 40 7 52 280 0.00 Large Line Haul 0.08 1064 70 2465 0.022 70 7 52 490 0.5 53.45 tier 0 0 70 1609 0.014 40 7 52 280 0.00 Large Switch 0.23 0 70 1609 0.014 0 0 52 0 0 0.00 tier 0+ 0 70 1609 0.014 40 7 52 280 0.00 Small Railroads 0.29 0 70 1609 0.014 0 0 52 0 0 0.00 tier 1 0 70 1609 0.014 40 7 52 280 0.00 Passenger/ Commuter 0.07 686 70 2465 0.022 0 7 52 0 0 0.00 tier 1+ 0 70 1609 0.014 40 7 52 280 0.00 Overall Average 0.17 0 70 1609 0.014 0 0 52 0 0 0.00 tier2 0 70 1609 0.014 40 7 52 280 0.00 0.5 53.45 47.92252 1.115442 tier 2+ & tier 3 0 70 1609 0.014 40 7 52 280 0.00 9.30 10.36926 tier 4 0 70 1609 0.014 40 7 52 280 0.00 Year
2040 EF
g/bhp-hr
Engine
Horse
Power
Speed
Distance
Traveled
(m)
Time /
Trip
(Hrs)
Trains /
Day
Days /
Week
Weeks /
Year
Times /
Week
Model
Adjustment
Emissions
(lbs / Year)
Large Line Haul 0.02 1064 70 2465 0.022 70 7 52 490 0.5 12.58 Large Switch 0.08 0 70 1609 0.014 0 0 52 0 0 0.00
Small Railroads 0.23 0 70 1609 0.014 0 0 52 0 0 0.00
Passenger/ Commuter 0.01 686 70 2465 0.022 0 7 52 0 0 0.00 Overall Average 0.09 0 70 1609 0.014 0 0 52 0 0 0.00
0.5 12.58
PM10 (g/bhp-hr)
large line-Haul and
Passenger small line-Haul switching locomotive application Conversion Factor (bhphr/gal) Calendar Large Line Large Small Passenger/ Overall Large Line Large Small Passenger/ Overall Uncontrolled 0.32 6.656 5.824 4.864 large line-Haul and Passenger 20.8 Year Haul Switch Railroads Commuter Average Haul Switch Railroads Commuter Average tier 0 0.32 6.656 5.824 4.864 small line-Haul 18.2 2006 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.4 0.31 0.43 0.36 0.31 0.35 tier 0+ 0.2 4.16 3.64 3.04 switching 15.2 2007 6.3 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.3 0.30 0.43 0.36 0.31 0.35 tier 1 0.32 6.656 5.824 4.864 2008 5.1 5.5 5.7 5.1 5.1 0.25 0.36 0.31 0.25 0.29 tier 1+ 0.2 4.16 3.64 3.04 2009 4.9 5.5 5.7 5 4.9 0.24 0.36 0.31 0.24 0.29 tier2 0.18 3.744 3.276 2.736 2010 4.7 5.4 5.7 4.8 4.7 0.23 0.36 0.31 0.23 0.28 tier 2+ & tier 3 0.08 1.664 1.456 1.216 2011 4.4 5.3 5.7 4.5 4.5 0.21 0.35 0.31 0.22 0.27 tier 4 0.015 0.312 0.273 0.228 2012 4.1 5.1 5.7 4.2 4.2 0.20 0.34 0.31 0.20 0.26 2013 3.8 5 5.6 3.9 3.9 0.18 0.33 0.31 0.19 0.25
2014 3.6 4.8 5.6 3.6 3.7 0.17 0.32 0.31 0.17 0.24
2015 3.4 4.8 5.5 3.4 3.5 0.16 0.32 0.30 0.16 0.24
2016 3.1 4.6 5.5 3.1 3.3 0.15 0.30 0.30 0.15 0.23
2017 2.9 4.5 5.4 2.8 3 0.14 0.30 0.30 0.13 0.22
2018 2.7 4.4 5.4 2.6 2.8 0.13 0.29 0.30 0.13 0.21
2019 2.5 4.4 5.4 2.3 2.6 0.12 0.29 0.30 0.11 0.20
2020 2.3 4.1 5.3 2.1 2.5 0.11 0.27 0.29 0.10 0.19
2021 2.2 4 5.3 2 2.4 0.11 0.26 0.29 0.10 0.19
2022 2 3.9 5.3 1.8 2.2 0.10 0.26 0.29 0.09 0.18
2023 1.9 3.7 5.2 1.7 2.1 0.09 0.24 0.29 0.08 0.18
2024 1.7 3.5 5.2 1.5 1.9 0.08 0.23 0.29 0.07 0.17
2025 1.6 3.2 5.1 1.4 1.8 0.08 0.21 0.28 0.07 0.16
2026 1.5 3.1 5.1 1.2 1.6 0.07 0.20 0.28 0.06 0.15
2027 1.4 3 5.1 1.1 1.5 0.07 0.20 0.28 0.05 0.15
2028 1.3 2.8 5 1 1.4 0.06 0.18 0.27 0.05 0.14
2029 1.1 2.7 5 0.9 1.3 0.05 0.18 0.27 0.04 0.14
2030 1 2.5 4.9 0.8 1.2 0.05 0.16 0.27 0.04 0.13
2031 1 2.4 4.8 0.7 1.1 0.05 0.16 0.26 0.03 0.13
2032 0.9 2.2 4.8 0.7 1 0.04 0.14 0.26 0.03 0.12
2033 0.8 2.1 4.7 0.6 0.9 0.04 0.14 0.26 0.03 0.12
2034 0.7 1.9 4.6 0.6 0.9 0.03 0.13 0.25 0.03 0.11
2035 0.7 1.7 4.6 0.5 0.8 0.03 0.11 0.25 0.02 0.11
2036 0.6 1.6 4.5 0.5 0.7 0.03 0.11 0.25 0.02 0.10
2037 0.6 1.5 4.4 0.4 0.7 0.03 0.10 0.24 0.02 0.10
2038 0.5 1.4 4.4 0.4 0.6 0.02 0.09 0.24 0.02 0.09
2039 0.5 1.3 4.3 0.4 0.6 0.02 0.09 0.24 0.02 0.09
2040 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2041 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2042 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2043 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2044 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2045 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2046 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2047 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2048 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2049 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2050 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2051 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2052 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2053 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2054 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2055 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2056 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2057 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2058 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2059 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2060 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2061 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2062 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2063 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2064 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2065 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2066 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2067 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2068 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2069 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2070 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2071 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2072 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2073 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2074 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2075 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2076 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2077 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2078 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2079 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2080 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
2081 0.4 1.2 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.08 0.23 0.01 0.09
(g/bhp-hr)
Specific Train Data
Table 1 - Line-Haul Emission Factors (g/bhp-hr) Table 3 Conversion Factors (bhp-hr/gal) g/Gal Table 6 – PM10 Emission Factors (g/gal)
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
F EBRUARY 2024
VERANO RESIDENTIAL P ROJECT
C ATHEDRAL C ITY , C ALIFORNIA
P:\ESL2201.80\PRODUCTS\Verano Residential Project HRA.docx «02/21/24»
APPENDIX B
HRA MODEL SNAPSHOTS
2/7/24 (P:\ESL2201.80\BACKGROUND\HRA\model snapshots.docx) 1 Project Loca�on
2/7/24 (P:\ESL2201.80\BACKGROUND\HRA\model snapshots.docx) 2 Receptor Grid
Cancer Risk – 2024
2/7/24 (P:\ESL2201.80\BACKGROUND\HRA\model snapshots.docx) 3 Chronic Hazard Index – 2024
Cancer Risk – 2040
2/7/24 (P:\ESL2201.80\BACKGROUND\HRA\model snapshots.docx) 4 Chronic Hazard Index – 2040
GENERAL BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
FOR
ASSESSOR PARCEL NUMBERS
677-050-017, -018, -027, -031, -032, -033 & -034
CATHEDRAL CITY
RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
Prepared for:
EPD Solutions, Inc.
3333 Michelson Drive, Suite 500
Irvine, CA 92612
Prepared By:
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, California 92530
OCTOBER 2023
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | i October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction..................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Project Site Location..............................................................................................................1
1.2 Project Description .................................................................................................................1
2.0 Methodology....................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Literature Review ..................................................................................................................2
2.2 Field Survey...........................................................................................................................2
3.0 Existing Conditions and Results......................................................................................................3
3.1 Environmental Setting ...........................................................................................................3
3.2 Soils ........................................................................................................................................3
3.3 Plant and Habitat Communities.............................................................................................3
3.4 Wildlife ..................................................................................................................................3
3.5 Regional Connectivity/Wildlife Movement...........................................................................4
4.0 Sensitive Biological Resources..............................................................................................4
4.1 Threatened and Endangered Species.....................................................................................4
4.1.1 Threatened and Endangered Plants........................................................................ 5
4.1.2 Threatened and Endangered Wildlife..................................................................... 8
4.2 Critical Habitat.......................................................................................................................8
4.3 Nesting Birds.......................................................................................................................12
4.4 Other City, County, Regional, State, or Federal Conservation Plans ..................................12
4.5 Jurisdictional Waters............................................................................................................18
5.0 Impacts.......................................................................................................................................18
5.2 Impacts to Sensitive Species................................................................................................19
5.3 Impacts to Critical Habitats.................................................................................................20
5.4 Impacts to Migratory Birds.................................................................................................21
5.5 Impacts to Wildlife Movement Corridors............................................................................21
5.6 Impacts to Jurisdictional Waters..........................................................................................21
6.0 Recommendations......................................................................................................................21
7.0 Certification ...............................................................................................................................24
8.0 References..................................................................................................................................25 Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
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Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
FIGURES
Figure 1 – Location Map
Figure 2 – Vicinity Map
Figure 3 – Project Plans
Figure 4 – Blow Sand Improvements
Figure 5 – Habitat Map
Figure 6 – CVMSHCP Conserved Lands Map
Figure 7 – CVMV Critical Habitat Map
Figure 8 – Critical Habitat Map
APPENDICES
Appendix A – Observed Species List
Appendix B – Potential Species List
Appendix C – Site Photographs
Appendix D – Soils Map
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 1 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
1.0 Introduction
Hernandez Environmental Services (HES) was retained by EPD Solutions, Inc. to prepare a General Biological Assessment (GBA) for Riverside County Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 677-050-017, -018, -027, -031, -032, -033 & -034 located within Cathedral City, Riverside County, California.
1.1 Project Site Location
The 131.04-acre project site consists of Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) APNs 677-050-017, - 018, -027, -031 through -034. Offsite blows and improvements are proposed within dedicated road right of way (APNs 660-360-010, -011, -012, -013, -014 and -017) along the northern property line and on portions of the existing Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD) sand berm and adjacent property (APNs 677-050-001, -029) along the Project’s western property line. The project site is located north of the intersection of Verona Road and Landau Blvd in the northwest portion of the City of Cathedral City, Riverside County, California (Figures 1 and 2). Specifically, the project site is located within Sections 4 and 5, Township 4 South, Range 5 East of the Cathedral City United States Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle. Project center point latitude and longitude are 33°54’35.2284” North and 116°47’04.0281” West.
1.2 Project Description
The proposed project includes a Specific Plan Amendment to the Rio Vista Village Specific Plan and six Tentative Tract Maps for the development of 459 single-family residences and 375 multifamily residential condominium units, along with parking, landscape, and park areas. Refer to Figure 3.
In addition to the onsite improvements discussed above, the proposed Project also includes offsite improvements that would take place within dedicated road right of way (APNs 660-360-010, -011, -012, -013, -014 and -017) along the northern property line and on portions of the existing CVWD sand berm and adjacent property (APNs 677-050-001, -029) along the Project’s western property line to implement blow sand improvements pursuant to requirements of the Adopted MND prepared for the Rio Vista Village Specific Plan.
Proposed blow sand improvements are shown in Figure 4. The blow sand improvements consist of the following:
• Reshaping the eastern slope of the existing CVWD berm; Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
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Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
• Installation of irrigation lines on the top and eastern slope of the existing CVWD berm; • Installation of climate appropriate trees at the top and eastern slope of the existing CVWD berm;
• Installation of a 12-foot-wide, asphalt paved maintenance access road on the east side of the existing berm along the wall of the western Project boundary; and • Installation of a 12-foot-wide, asphalt paved maintenance access road along the wall of the north Project boundary within dedicated road right of way.
2.0 Methodology
2.1 Literature Review
HES conducted a literature review and reviewed aerial photographs and topographic maps of the project location and surrounding areas. The following USGS quads were used to query the California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB): Cathedral City, Palm Springs, Palm View Peak, Rancho Mirage, La Quinta, Myoma, East Deception Canyon, Seven Palms Valley, and Desert Hot Springs. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) County Endangered Species Lists, and California Native Plant Society’s (CNPS) Rare Plant Inventory were reviewed to obtain species information for the project area.
2.2 Field Survey
On May 16th, 2023, HES conducted a field survey of the approximate 131.04-acre project area (Figures 1 and 2). Ambient temperature at 8:40 AM was 84° Fahrenheit, sunny, with winds ranging from 0 to 9 miles per hour from the west. The purpose of the field survey was to document the existing habitat conditions, obtain plant and animal species information, view the surrounding uses, assess the potential for state and federal waters, assess the potential for wildlife movement corridors, and assess for the presence of critical habitat constituent elements.
The entire project area was surveyed. Linear transects approximately 50 feet apart were walked for 100 percent coverage. All species observed were recorded and Global Positioning System (GPS) way points were taken to delineate specific habitat types, species locations, state or federal waters, or any other information that would be useful for the assessment of the project site. The complete list of species observed is included in Appendix A. Representative site images were taken and are included in Appendix C.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
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Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
3.0 Existing Conditions and Results
3.1 Environmental Setting
The project site is in the northwest portion of the City of Cathedral City, within Riverside County, California. The Project site is currently undeveloped. An existing sand berm is located on CVWDowned property west of the site (APN 677-050-001). A CVWD facility is located northeast of the site. Additionally, a row of trees also exists to the north of the site, adjacent to the Union Pacific Railroad line. Onsite elevations range from 433 feet above mean sea-level (AMSL) to 460 feet AMSL. The project site is located within a developed and urbanized area. The project site is surrounded by the Union Pacific Railroad and Interstate 10 Freeway to the north; vacant, undeveloped land exists to the east and west; and, residential development exists to the south.
3.2 Soils
Four soil classes are identified to occur on the project site by the USDA Web Soil Survey (Appendix D). Soils at the project site are classified as:
• Carsitas gravelly sand (CdC), 0 to 9 percent slopes;
• Carsitas cobbly sand (ChC), 2 to 9 percent slopes;
• Carsitas fine sand (CkB), 0 to 5 percent slopes; and, • Myoma fine sand (MaB), 0 to 5 percent slopes.
3.3 Plant and Habitat Communities
The project area contains approximately 131.04 acres of disturbed desert sand dune/creosote bush scrub habitat. This habitat type is characterized by aeolian sand features and a shrub canopy with creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) and common Mediterranean grass (Schismus barbatus) as the dominant species. The shrub canopy is intermittent to open with sand dunes throughout. Other species observed are white bursage (Ambrosia dumosa), indigo bush (Psorothamnus fremontii), honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), Saharan mustard (Brassica tournefortii), panamint cryptantha (Johnstonella angustifolia), and California croton (Croton californicus). This habitat includes a man-made ditch that runs along a portion of the southern border of the site. There is no evidence of connection between the onsite ditch and offsite jurisdictional streams. Refer to Figure
5. 3.4 Wildlife
General wildlife species documented on the project site or within the vicinity of the site include Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
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Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Desert iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis) and Northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos). The complete list of species observed is included in Appendix A.
3.5 Regional Connectivity/Wildlife Movement
Wildlife movement corridors can be local or regional in scale; their functions may vary temporally and spatially based on conditions and species present. Wildlife corridors represent areas where wildlife movement is concentrated due to natural or anthropogenic constraints. Local corridors provide access to resources such as food, water, and shelter. Animals use these corridors, which are often hillsides or riparian areas, to move between different habitats. Regional corridors provide these functions and link two or more large habitat areas. They provide avenues for wildlife dispersal, migration, and contact between otherwise distinct populations.
The project site is not located within a designated wildlife corridor or linkage. The project area was evaluated for its function as a wildlife corridor that species use to move between wildlife habitat zones. Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan (MSHCP) designated conservation lands (Whitewater Floodplain Conservation Area) exist to the north of the project site (Figure 6). The project site consists of relatively flat, vacant land characterized by disturbed desert sand dune/creosote bush scrub habitat. Although the project site is located adjacent to conservation lands to the north and vacant lands to the east and west, the project site’s disturbed nature and location immediately adjacent to existing urban development to the south restricts the site’s functionality as a wildlife corridor or linkage.
4.0 Sensitive Biological Resources
4.1 Threatened and Endangered Species
A total of 53 sensitive species of plants and 42 sensitive species of animals has the potential to occur on or within the vicinity of the project location. These include those species listed or candidates for listing by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) and California Native Plant Society (CNPS). All habitats utilized by these species were evaluated during the site visit and a determination has been made for the presence or probability of presence in this report. This section will address those species listed as Candidate, Rare, Threatened, or Endangered under the state and federal Endangered Species laws or directed to be evaluated under other state, county, or municipal regulations. Other special status species will be reported in Appendix B.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 5 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
4.1.1 Threatened and Endangered Plants
A total of ten plant species are listed as state and/or federal Threatened, Endangered, Candidate, or 1B.1 listed plants on the CNPS Rare Plant Inventory. Other sensitive species which have a potential to occur on the project site will also be discussed in this section. Table 1 below includes descriptions of these species.
Table 1. Threatened and Endangered Plants
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Federal
List State List
Rare
Plant
Rank
Other Status Habitats General
Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence
Abronia
villosa var.
aurita
chaparral
sandverbenaNone None 1B.1
BLM_S-Sensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden | USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Coastal scrub |
Desert dunes
Chaparral,
coastal scrub,
desert dunes.
Sandy areas. -
60-1570 m.
This species prefers
chaparral and coastal
scrub habitats. No
suitable habitat occurs
on site. This species is
not present.
Astragalus
hornii var.
hornii
Horn's
milk-vetch None None 1B.1 BLM_S-Sensitive
Alkali playa |
Meadow & seep
| Wetland
Meadows and
seeps, playas.
Lake margins,
alkaline sites.
75-350 m.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not present.
Astragalus
lentiginosus
var.
coachellae
Coachella
Valley
milk-vetch
Endangered None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden | SB_USDAUS Dept of
Agriculture
Desert dunes |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Sonoran
desert scrub,
desert dunes.
Sandy flats,
washes,
outwash fans,
sometimes on
dunes. 35-695
m.
This species prefers
washes and areas
adjacent to washes.
This species was not
found during the field
survey, which was
performed during the
blooming period for
this species. This
species is not present.
Astragalus
preussii var.
laxiflorus
Lancaster
milk-vetch None None 1B.1 Chenopod scrub | Desert wash
Chenopod
scrub.
Alkaline clay
flats or
gravelly or
sandy washes
and along
draws in
gullied
badlands. 700-
735 m in
California.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not present.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 6 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Federal
List State List
Rare
Plant
Rank
Other Status Habitats General
Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence
Astragalus
tricarinatus
tripleribbed
milk-vetch
Endangered None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden
Desert wash |
Joshua tree
woodland |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Joshua tree
woodland,
Sonoran
desert scrub.
Hot, rocky
slopes in
canyons and
along edge of
boulder-strewn
desert washes,
with Larrea
and Encelia.
455-1585 m.
The project site is
outside the elevation
range for this species.
This species is not
present.
Atriplex
parishii
Parish's
brittlescale None None 1B.1
SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo CRES
Native Gene Seed
Bank | USFS_SSensitive
Alkali playa |
Chenopod scrub
| Meadow &
seep | Vernal
pool | Wetland
Vernal pools,
chenopod
scrub, playas.
Usually on
drying alkali
flats with fine
soils. 4-1420
m.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not present.
Chorizanthe
parryi var.
parryi
Parry's
spineflower None None 1B.1
BLM_S-Sensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden | USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Cismontane
woodland |
Coastal scrub |
Valley &
foothill
grassland
Coastal
scrub,
chaparral,
cismontane
woodland,
valley and
foothill
grassland.
Dry slopes and
flats;
sometimes at
interface of 2
vegetation
types, such as
chaparral and
oak woodland.
Dry, sandy
soils. 90-1220
m.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not present.
Deinandra
mohavensis
Mojave
tarplant None Endangered 1B.3
BLM_S-Sensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden | USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Coastal scrub |
Riparian scrub
Riparian
scrub, coastal
scrub,
chaparral.
Low sand bars
in river bed;
mostly in
riparian areas
or in ephemeral
grassy areas.
640-1645 m.
The project site is
outside the elevation
range for this species.
This species is not
present.
Dodecahema
leptoceras
slenderhorned
spineflower
Endangered Endangered 1B.1
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden
Chaparral |
Cismontane
woodland |
Coastal scrub
Chaparral,
cismontane
woodland,
coastal scrub
(alluvial fan
sage scrub).
Flood
deposited
terraces and
washes;
associates
include
Encelia, Dalea,
Lepidospartum,
etc. Sandy
soils. 200-765
m.
The project site is
outside the elevation
range for this species.
This species is not
present.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 7 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Federal
List State List
Rare
Plant
Rank
Other Status Habitats General
Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence
Eriastrum
harwoodii
Harwood's
eriastrum None None 1B.2
BLM_S-Sensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden | SB_USDAUS Dept of
Agriculture
Desert dunes Desert dunes. Sandy soils.
15-1100m.
The project site consists
of disturbed open desert
that appears to have
been previously graded.
No occurrence of this
species recorded on
CNDDB are near the
project site (within 5
miles). Further, this
species was not found
during the field survey,
which was performed
during the blooming
period for this species.
This species is not
present.
Erigeron
parishii
Parish's
daisy Threatened None 1B.1
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden
Limestone |
Mojavean desert
scrub | Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
Mojavean
desert scrub,
pinyon and
juniper
woodland.
Often on
carbonate;
limestone
mountain
slopes; often
associated with
drainages.
Sometimes on
grainite. 1050-
2245 m.
The project site is
outside the elevation
range for this species.
This species is not
present.
Euphorbia
platysperma
flat-seeded
spurge
None None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden
Desert dunes |
Mojavean desert
scrub
Mojavean
desert scrub,
desert dunes.
Sandy places
or shifting
dunes. Possibly
a waif in
California;
more common
in Arizona and
Mexico. 60-
960 m.
The project site consists
of disturbed open desert
that appears to have
been previously graded.
No occurrence of this
species recorded on
CNDDB are near the
project site (within 5
miles). Further, this
species was not found
during the field survey,
which was performed
during the blooming
period for this species.
This species is not
present.
Linanthus
maculatus
ssp.
maculatus
Little San
Bernardino
Mtns.
linanthus
None None 1B.2
BLM_S-Sensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSABGCalifornia/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden
Desert dunes |
Desert wash |
Joshua tree
woodland |
Mojavean desert
scrub | Sonoran
desert scrub
Desert dunes,
Sonoran
desert scrub,
Mojavean
desert scrub,
Joshua tree
woodland.
Sandy places.
Usually in
light-colored
quartz sand;
often in wash
or bajada. 135-
1220 m.
No washes or quartz
soils occur on site. The
onsite soils are derived
from granite. No
suitable habitat occurs
on site. This species is
not present.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 8 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Federal
List State List
Rare
Plant
Rank
Other Status Habitats General
Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence
Nemacaulis
denudata
var. gracilis
slender
cottonheads None None 2B.2
Coastal dunes |
Desert dunes |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Coastal
dunes, desert
dunes,
Sonoran
desert scrub.
In dunes or
sand. -45-745
m.
The project site consists
of disturbed open desert
that appears to have
been previously graded.
No occurrence of this
species recorded on
CNDDB are near the
project site (within 5
miles). Further, this
species was not found
during the field survey,
which was performed
during the blooming
period for this species.
This species is not
present.
4.1.2 Threatened and Endangered Wildlife
A total of eleven wildlife species are listed as state and/or federally Threatened, Endangered, or Candidate species. Other sensitive species which have a potential to occur on the project site will also be discussed in this section. Table 2 below includes descriptions of these species.
Table 2. Threatened and Endangered Wildlife Species
Scientific
Name
Common
Name Federal List State List Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Bombus
crotchii
Crotch
bumble bee None Candidate
Endangered
IUCN_ENEndangered
Coastal
California east to
the SierraCascade crest and
south into
Mexico.
Food plant
genera include
Antirrhinum,
Phacelia,
Clarkia,
Dendromecon,
Eschscholzia,
and
Eriogonum.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 9 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Scientific
Name
Common
Name Federal List State List Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Cyprinodon
macularius
desert
pupfish Endangered Endangered
AFS_ENEndangered |
IUCN_VUVulnerable
Aquatic |
Artificial
flowing waters |
Artificial
standing waters
| Colorado
River basin
flowing waters |
Colorado River
basin standing
waters
Desert ponds,
springs, marshes
and streams in
Southern
California.
Can live in
salinities from
freshwater to
68 ppt; can
withstand
temps from 9 -
45 C and
dissolved
oxygen levels
down to 0.1
ppm.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Dinacoma
caseyi
Casey's June
beetle Endangered None
Desert wash |
Mojavean
desert scrub
Found only in
two populations
in a small area of
southern Palm
Springs.
Found in
sandy soils;
the females
live
underground
and only come
to the ground
surface to
mate.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Empidonax
traillii extimus
southwestern
willow
flycatcher
Endangered Endangered Riparian
woodland
Riparian
woodlands in
Southern
California.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Gopherus
agassizii
desert
tortoise Threatened Threatened
IUCN_CRCritically
Endangered
Joshua tree
woodland |
Mojavean
desert scrub |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Most common in
desert scrub,
desert wash, and
Joshua tree
habitats; occurs
in almost every
desert habitat.
Require
friable soil for
burrow and
nest
construction.
Creosote bush
habitat with
large annual
wildflower
blooms
preferred.
The sandy soils on
site are not suitable
for burrow or nest
construction. No
suitable habitat occurs
on site. This species
is not present.
Macrobaenetes
valgum
Coachella
giant sand
treader
cricket
None None IUCN_VUVulnerable Desert dunes
Known from the
sand dune ridges
in the vicinity of
Coachella Valley.
Population
size regulated
by amount of
annual
rainfall; some
spots favor
permanent
habitation
where springs
dampen sand.
Suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species has the
potential to be
present.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 10 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Scientific
Name
Common
Name Federal List State List Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Ovis
canadensis
nelsoni pop. 2
Peninsular
bighorn
sheep DPS
Endangered Threatened CDFW_FP-Fully
Protected
Alpine | Alpine
dwarf scrub |
Chaparral |
Chenopod
scrub | Great
Basin scrub |
Mojavean
desert scrub |
Montane dwarf
scrub | Pinon &
juniper
woodlands |
Riparian
woodland |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Eastern slopes of
the Peninsular
Ranges below
4,600 ft
elevation. This
DPS of the
subspecies
inhabits the
Peninsular
Ranges in
southern
California from
the San Jacinto
Mountains south
to the US-Mexico
International
Border.
Optimal
habitat
includes steep
walled
canyons and
ridges
bisected by
rocky or sandy
washes, with
available
water.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Phrynosoma
mcallii
flat-tailed
horned
lizard
None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special Concern
| IUCN_NTNear Threatened
Desert dunes |
Mojavean
desert scrub |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Restricted to
desert washes
and desert flats in
central Riverside,
eastern San
Diego, and
Imperial
counties.
Critical
habitat
element is fine
sand, into
which lizards
burrow to
avoid
temperature
extremes;
requires
vegetative
cover and
ants.
Suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species has the
potential to be
present.
Polioptila
californica
californica
coastal
California
gnatcatcher
Threatened None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special Concern
Coastal bluff
scrub | Coastal
scrub
Obligate,
permanent
resident of
coastal sage
scrub below 2500
ft in Southern
California.
Low, coastal
sage scrub in
arid washes,
on mesas and
slopes. Not all
areas
classified as
coastal sage
scrub are
occupied.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
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Scientific
Name
Common
Name Federal List State List Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Rana draytonii
California
red-legged
frog
Threatened None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special Concern
| IUCN_VUVulnerable
Aquatic |
Artificial
flowing waters |
Artificial
standing waters
| Freshwater
marsh | Marsh
& swamp |
Riparian forest |
Riparian scrub |
Riparian
woodland |
Sacramento/San
Joaquin flowing
waters |
Sacramento/San
Joaquin
standing waters
| South coast
flowing waters
Lowlands and
foothills in or
near permanent
sources of deep
water with dense,
shrubby or
emergent riparian
vegetation.
Requires 11-
20 weeks of
permanent
water for
larval
development.
Must have
access to
estivation
habitat.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Rana muscosa
southern
mountain
yellowlegged frog
Endangered Endangered
CDFW_WLWatch List |
IUCN_ENEndangered |
USFS_SSensitive
Aquatic
Disjunct
populations
known from
southern Sierras
(northern DPS)
and San Gabriel,
San Bernardino,
and San Jacinto
Mtns (southern
DPS). Found at
1,000 to 12,000 ft
in lakes and
creeks that stem
from springs and
snowmelt. May
overwinter under
frozen lakes.
Often
encountered
within a few
feet of water.
Tadpoles may
require 2 - 4
yrs to
complete their
aquatic
development.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Stenopelmatus
cahuilaensis
Coachella
Valley
jerusalem
cricket
None None IUCN_VUVulnerable Desert dunes
Inhabits a small
segment of the
sand and dune
areas of the
Coachella Valley,
in the vicinity of
Palm Springs.
Found in the
large,
undulating
dunes piled up
at the north
base of Mt
San Jacinto.
Suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species has the
potential to be
present.
Uma inornata
Coachella
Valley
fringe-toed
lizard
Threatened Endangered IUCN_ENEndangered
Desert dunes |
Desert wash
Limited to sandy
areas in the
Coachella Valley,
Riverside
County.
Requires fine,
loose,
windblown
sand (for
burrowing),
interspersed
with hardpan
and widelyspaced desert
shrubs.
Suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species has the
potential to be
present.
Verano Residential
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Scientific
Name
Common
Name Federal List State List Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Vireo bellii
pusillus
least Bell's
vireo Endangered Endangered
Riparian forest |
Riparian scrub |
Riparian
woodland
Summer resident
of Southern
California in low
riparian in
vicinity of water
or in dry river
bottoms; below
2000 ft.
Nests placed
along margins
of bushes or
on twigs
projecting into
pathways,
usually
willow,
Baccharis,
mesquite.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
4.2 Critical Habitat
The project site is not within any federal critical habitat boundaries for sensitive species. Critical habitat for the Coachella Valley milkvetch is located adjacent to the northern boundary of the project’s multi-family area boundary. The project’s required blow sand improvements that would take place within dedicated road right of way (APNs 660-360-010, -011, -012, -013, -014 and - 017) along the northern property line do not encroach into the designated critical habitat for the Coachella Valley milkvetch (Figure 7).
4.3 Nesting Birds
Migratory non-game native bird species are protected under the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act.
Additionally, Sections 3503, 3503.5, and 3513 of the California Fish and Game Code prohibit take of all birds and their active nests. The project area contains trees and shrubs that can be used by nesting songbirds during the nesting bird season of February 1 to September 15.
4.4 Other City, County, Regional, State, or Federal Conservation Plans Local Guidelines – City of Cathedral City 2040 General Plan The City of Cathedral City includes the following policies related to biological resources in their General Plan (City of Cathedral City 2021).
Policy 1: The City shall continue to participate in the preservation of habitat for endangered, threatened, and sensitive species.
Policy 2: As part of the development review process, projects shall be evaluated for the project’s impacts on existing habitat and wildlife, and for the land’s value as viable open space Verano Residential
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In order to implement the above General Plan policies, the General Plan Final Environmental Impact Report (City of Cathedral City 2021) includes the following Mitigation Measures:
BIO-1 Mitigation Related to the CVMSHCP. To the extent applicable, the City shall comply with all terms and conditions of the CVMSHCP and Implementing Agreement including, but not limited to: implementation of the “Land Use Adjacency Guidelines” as described in Section 4.5 of the CVMSHCP and collection of approved CVMSHCP land development mitigation fees.
Coachella Valley MSHCP
The project site is located within the boundaries of the Coachella Valley MSHCP. Pursuant to Section 5.2.1.1 of the CVMSHCP, new development on four categories of properties is required to be mitigated for through the payment of the local development mitigation fees to the City of Cathedral City. The four categories of properties include the following: residential with a density between 0 and 8.0 dwelling units per acre, residential with a density between 8.1 and 14.0 dwelling units per acre, residential with a density greater than 14.0 dwelling units per acre, and nonresidential. The proposed project consists of residential development; therefore, the local development fee must be paid prior to project implementation. The project’s multi-family area is located adjacent to a CVMSHCP conservation area. The avoidance, minimization, and mitigation measures as described in Section 4.4 and the land use adjacency guidelines outlined in section 4.5 of the CVMSHP shall apply to portions of the proposed project.
The project site is not located within a CVMSHCP Conservation Area. However, designated conservation lands (Whitewater Floodplain Conservation Area) exist adjacent to the north of the project site’s multi-family area. Additionally, as part of an adjacent CVWD project (North Cathedral City Regional Stormwater Project [State Clearinghouse #2023040675]) occurring on the lands west of the proposed Project, 42 acres of land including APN 677-050-001, which is owned by CVWD and was evaluated for blow sand improvements in the Approved MND, are planned to be placed in a conservation easement following construction of CVWD’s stormwater project improvements and the Verano Project’s blow sand improvements in that area. Therefore, CVMSHCP Adjacency Guidelines are required to be applied to portions of the project, as described in Table 3, below.
Table 3. CVMSHCP Adjacency Guidelines
Guidelines Consistency
Drainage: Proposed Development adjacent to or within
a Conservation Area shall incorporate plans to ensure
that the quantity and quality of runoff discharged to the adjacent Conservation Area is not altered in an adverse Consistent. The proposed project would not alter the
flow direction of water within the Whitewater River.
The project would maintain the same storage capacity as was proposed by the Approved Project and would retain
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way when compared with existing conditions.
Stormwater systems shall be designed to prevent the
release of toxins, chemicals, petroleum products, exotic plant materials or other elements that might degrade or harm biological resources or ecosystem processes
within the adjacent Conservation Area.
100 percent of the stormwater runoff from the 100 year
24-hour storm through implementation of basins as
outlined in the Adopted MND and Rio Vista Village
Specific Plan. There would be no changes to the quantity or quality of runoff or other water discharged to the
Conservation Area.
Toxics: Land uses proposed adjacent to or within a
Conservation Area that use chemicals or generate
bioproducts such as manure that are potentially toxic or may adversely affect wildlife and plant species, Habitat, or water quality shall incorporate measures to ensure
that application of such chemicals does not result in any discharge to the adjacent Conservation Area.
Consistent. The proposed project would not generate
toxic bioproducts or use toxic chemicals. Any spills of hazardous materials from project construction vehicles
or equipment would be contained, cleaned up, and
disposed of immediately according to local and State
regulations.
Lighting: For proposed Development adjacent to or
within a Conservation Area, lighting shall be shielded
and directed toward the developed area. Landscape
shielding or other appropriate methods shall be
incorporated in project designs to minimize the effects of lighting adjacent to or within the adjacent
Conservation Area in accordance with the guidelines to
be included in the Implementation Manual.
Consistent. The proposed project would install new
sources of lights. However, all lighting would be
appropriately shielded and directed towards the project site, consistent with the Implementation Manual.
Noise: Proposed Development adjacent to or within a
Conservation Area that generates noise in excess of 75
dBA Leq hourly shall incorporate setbacks, berms, or
walls, as appropriate, to minimize the effects of noise on the adjacent Conservation Area in accordance with the
guidelines to be included in the Implementation Manual.
Consistent. The project would result in a temporary
increase in noise as a result of construction activities.
During construction, there may be a relatively high
single-event noise-exposure potential causing
intermittent noise nuisance. However, construction
noise would be temporary in nature. Operation of the
project would not result in generation of noise in excess of 75 dBA Leq as identified in the project’s
accompanying Noise Analysis.
Invasives: Invasive, non-native plant species shall not be incorporated in the landscape for land uses adjacent to or within a Conservation Area. Landscape treatments
within or adjacent to a Conservation Area shall
incorporate native plant materials to the maximum
extent Feasible; recommended native species are listed
in Table 4-112. The plants listed in Table 4-113 shall not be used within or adjacent to a Conservation Area. This list may be amended from time to time through a Minor
Amendment with Wildlife Agency Concurrence.
Consistent. The proposed project would not incorporate
invasive, non-native plant specifies into the landscaped areas of the site.
Barriers: Land uses adjacent to or within a
Conservation Area shall incorporate barriers in
individual project designs to minimize unauthorized
public access, domestic animal predation, illegal
trespass, or dumping in a Conservation Area. Such
barriers may include native landscaping, rocks/boulders, fencing, walls and/or signage.
Consistent. The proposed project includes barriers
(masonry wall, landscaping and/or fencing) along the
project’s property line. These barriers would occur only on the project site and would not extend into the
adjacent Conversation Area. The proposed 20-footwide blow sand maintenance access road along the wall of the north project boundary within a dedicated
road right of way would not extend into the
CVMSHCP Conservation Area or critical habitat for
the Coachella Valley Milk-Vetch.
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Grading/Land Development: Manufactured slopes
associated with site Development shall not extend into
adjacent land in a Conservation Area.
Consistent. The proposed project would not include
manufactured slopes that extend into adjacent land in the Conservation Area. Additionally, project improvements
to the existing berm on CVWD property would be
completed before CVWD includes the berm in the
Conservation Area.
The project will ensure that sand drifting conditions shall be managed to mitigate the effects of scouring and sand deposition. As described in Section 1.2, an existing CVWD flood control structure and sand berm exist to the northwest of the site. As part of this project, the existing top and east side of the sand berm will be reshaped and improved to reduce blow sand erosion. In addition, blow sand walls will be installed along the northern and western project boundaries.
A MND was prepared by CVWD for the CVWD North Cathedral City Regional Stormwater Project (State Clearinghouse #2023040675) occurring to the west of the proposed project. CVWD proposes to build a new levee west of the existing sand berm and to install a maintenance road on top of the new levee and a v-ditch between the new levee and existing sand berm. As part of the MND, a Biological Resources Assessment was prepared in October 2022 (“CVWD Biological Assessment”) (Appendix B of the North Cathedral City Regional Stormwater Project MND). All impacts were considered less than significant with implementation of mitigation measures. As part of the CVWD Biological Assessment, the existing sand berm owned by CVWD was surveyed, including the area where the Verano’s offsite blow sand maintenance improvements will be installed to the west of the Verano Project’s western boundary. The results of the CVWD Biological Assessment are summarized below:
Sensitive plant surveys were conducted by Michael Baker International on April 14, April 19, May 4, and June 15, 2016, which identified the presence of Coachella Valley MilkVetch on the CVWD site, including on the area of the existing sand berm west of the Verano Project where the Verano Project’s western blow sand improvements would be installed.
No other sensitive plant species were observed on the CVWD stormwater project site during the sensitive plant surveys. A focused burrowing owl burrow survey conducted by CVWD on April 19, 2016, identified that the CVWD stormwater project site adjacent to the Verano project’s westerly boundary could support burrowing owls. Additional burrowing owl surveys were conducted by Michael Baker International on May 12, June 8, and July 7, 2016, which did not identify burrowing owls or evidence of recent use of the site by burrowing owls. However, evidence of burrowing owls was identified adjacent to the east of the CVWD survey area on the Verano site; therefore, it was determined the Verano Residential
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CVWD stormwater project site where the Verano project’s westerly blow sand improvements would be installed has moderate potential to support burrowing owls. [As described in this report, there is potential for Coachella Valley Milk-Vetch to occur on the Verano project site. This GBA did not identify evidence of burrowing owl on the Verano site.]
One Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard was observed on the CVWD site during 2016 focused surveys for burrowing owl and determined that Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard is assumed to be present on the existing berm due to the presence of suitable habitat.
Other special-status wildlife species that were observed within the overall CVWD survey area between 2015 and 2020 included Cooper’s hawk, sharp-shinned hawk, burrowing owl, horned lark, and loggerhead shrike. Based on the specific results of the records searches and literature reviews, a review of existing site conditions during the field surveys, and a review of specific habitat requirements, occurrence records, and known distributions for special-status wildlife species conducted as part of the CVWD stormwater project, the CVWD Biological Assessment determined that the CVWD site has a high potential to support prairie falcon, American peregrine falcon, Coachella giant sand treader cricket, and Palm Springs pocket mouse and a moderate potential to support pocketed free-tailed bat, flat-tailed horned lizard, and Coachella Valley round-tailed ground squirrel. In addition, the CVWD Biological Assessment determined the project site has a low potential to support: Crotch bumble bee, Swainson’s hawk, desert tortoise, golden eagle, Lucy’s warbler, and Le Conte’s thrasher. [As described in this report, of those, only Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard is identified on the Verano Project’s western offsite blow sand improvement area.]
Overall, the CVWD Biological Assessment identified that the CVWD stormwater project’s construction activities could result in impacts to Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard, special-status wildlife species, migratory birds, burrowing owl, and Coachella Valley MilkVetch. However, the CVWD Biological Resources Assessment determined impacts to these species would be reduced to less than significant through implementation of the required avoidance, minimization, and mitigation measures pertaining to covered plant and wildlife species, identified in Section 4.4 of the CVMSHCP, and carried out through the 16 recommended mitigation measures adopted for the CVWD project.
Implementation of the CVMSHCP would minimize potential impacts of the offsite blow sand improvements related to Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard, special-status wildlife species, migratory birds, burrowing owl, and Coachella Valley Milk-Vetch to a less than significant level.
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The Verano project’s blow sand improvements along the project’s western boundary will be constructed before the CVWD parcel is included in the CVMSHCP Conservation Area as part of the CVWD stormwater project. The CVWD is a local permittee within the CVMSHCP and is obligated to implement conservation measures in the CVMSHCP which includes a requirement for the CVWD to develop an Operations and Maintenance plan (O&M Manual) for its facilities in Conservation Areas in order to minimize impacts to Covered Species and natural communities.
The Verano project’s western blow sand improvements will be subject to an encroachment permit within the jurisdiction of CVWD on land included within the CVMSHCP. Therefore, operation and maintenance of the Project’s blow sand improvements proposed to take place within the CVWD parcel will be required to adhere to CVWD’s O&M Manual. The O&M Manual provides activity-related avoidance and minimization measures as well as species-specific avoidance and minimization measures applicable to species found in each Conservation Area. Ongoing operation and maintenance of the Project's blow sand improvements will be required to adhere to the specific measures identified for the WFCA, as shown in Table 4 below.
Table 4. CVWD O&M Manual Avoidance and Minimization Measures within the WFCA Species Avoidance and Minimization Measures within the Whitewater Floodplain Conservation Area
Coachella
Valley Milkvetch Mecca
Aster
• For Covered Activities within modeled Coachella Valley Milk-vetch and Mecca Aster habitat in the Thousand Palms Conservation Area, surveys by ESD staff will be required for activities during the growing and flowering period from February 1 - May 15.
• Any occurrences of the species will be flagged and public infrastructure projects shall avoid impacts to the plants to the maximum extent Feasible. • Limit off road vehicle travel when performing Covered Activities to avoid unnecessary take of CVM where it may occur in appropriate habitat along roads or wash bottoms.
• If listed plant species are found within the footprint of any covered activity contact ESD to determine if salvage of plant and/or seeds is feasible. • CVWD will continue to control and manage access to CVM habitat on district owned lands within the CVMSHCP area. In addition, CVWD does not allow OHV use on its lands and prohibits public access. • Avoid the use of herbicides in areas that are known to support CVM.
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Coachella
Valley Giant
Sand-Treader
Cricket
• Control and manage activities that degrade Coachella Valley Giant SandTreader cricket habitat. In particular, control and manage those activities that result in sand compaction or may crush burrows, which may include OHV travel except on designated routes of travel.
• Restrict human access to occupied habitat during the emergence period in the winter months and during the breeding season in the spring. • Control and manage activities that degrade potential Coachella Valley Giant Sand-Treader cricket habitat on CVWD lands: In particular, these activities include alteration of the natural vegetation, fragmentation, and construction equipment impacts.
• Restrict human access to occupied habitat during the emergence and breeding season from January through March on CVWD lands if feasible and required.
• Identify actions to reduce impacts from, and control where feasible, invasive species if it is determined that there are impacts to Giant Sand-Treader cricket habitat.
• Avoid stockpiling construction materials, lumber, or other sources of artificial cover (AC) at CVWD facilities if feasible, within the known range of this species.
• Maintenance activities will be designed and implemented using Best Management Practices (BMPs) in a way that minimize new disturbances, to prevent erosion, off-site degradation, and reduce direct impacts to Jerusalem cricket.
• All fueling and maintenance of vehicles and other equipment as well as location of staging areas shall be located as far as practicable from any potential habitat. All workers shall be informed of the importance of preventing spills and of the appropriate measures to take should a spill occur.
• No pesticide use shall occur in habitat occupied by this species. • Perform pre-activity surveys for this species in areas of unpaved soil during the winter and spring emergence and breeding periods.
Flat-Tailed
Horned Lizard
Coachella
Valley FringeToed Lizard
• If proposed covered activity will take place within a Conservation Area known to harbor these species, perform pre-activity surveys for FTHL and CVFTL. • Erect exclusion fencing around trenches, pits, pipe materials and other potential hazards and provide escape ramps if feasible until excavation activities are completed.
4.5 Jurisdictional Waters
The project site contains a man-made ditch that runs along a portion of the southern border of the site. There is no evidence of connection between the onsite ditch and offsite jurisdictional streams.
Therefore, project site does not contain any state or federal jurisdictional drainages.
5.0 Impacts
5.1 Impacts to Habitats
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The proposed project includes the development of 459 single-family residences and 375 multifamily residential condominium units, along with parking, landscape, and park areas. The development of the proposed project will impact the entire 131.04-acre project site consisting of disturbed desert sand dune/creosote bush scrub habitat.
5.2 Impacts to Sensitive Species
The following species has the potential to occur on the project site and may be impacted by development of the site. Implementation of the measures identified in the Recommendations section of this report will ensure that potential impacts to this species are less than significant.
Coachella Giant Sand Treader Cricket
The Coachella giant sand treader cricket (Macrobaenetes valgum) is a International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List vulnerable species. The Coachella giant sand treader cricket is endemic to the aeolian sand habitats of the Coachella Valley. Suitable habitat for this species is present on the project site; therefore, this species has the potential to be present. This species is covered under the CVMSHCP. Since the project site is located within the boundaries of the CVMSHCP, no additional mitigation beyond the payment of required mitigation fees is required.
Flat-tailed Horned Lizard
The flat-tailed horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcallii) is a CDFW species of special concern. The flattailed horned lizard is found in fine sands in desert dunes with vegetative cover and ants. Suitable habitat for this species is present on the project site; therefore, this species has the potential to be present. This species is covered under the CVMSHCP. Since the project site is located within the boundaries of the CVMSHCP, no additional mitigation beyond the payment of required mitigation fees is required.
Coachella Valley Jerusalem Cricket
The Coachella Valley jerusalem cricket (Stenopelmatus cahuilaensis) is a International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List vulnerable species. The Coachella Valley jerusalem cricket is endemic to sand habitats within the far western portions of the Coachella Valley. Suitable habitat for this species is present on the project site; therefore, this species has the potential to be present. This species is covered under the CVMSHCP. Since the project site is located within the boundaries of the CVMSHCP, no additional mitigation beyond the payment of required mitigation fees is required.
Coachella Valley Fringe-Toed Lizard
The Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata) is a federally Threatened and state Endangered species. The fringe-toed lizard is found only on fine, loose, windblown (aeolian) sand dunes, flats, riverbanks, and washes on the floor of the Coachella Valley. The vegetation within Verano Residential
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these areas is usually minimal with some creosote bush, croton, mesquite (Prosopis sp.), or other scrubby growth. Suitable habitat for this species is present on the project site; therefore, this species has the potential to be present.
Prior to the adoption of the CVMSHCP, the USFWS approved the Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard Habitat Conservation Plan (CVFTL HCP). The CVTL HCP created three preserves to protect Habitat for the Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard, a state Endangered and federally Threatened Species, and provided an Incidental Take permit under the Federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) for lawful activities outside the preserves. The CVTL HCP has since been superseded by the CVMSHCP. Pursuant to CVMSHCP Section 6.6.1 Obligations of the Local Permitees, "Jurisdictions that received Take Authorization for the Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard pursuant to the Incidental Take Permit issued for that species pursuant to the CVFTL HCP will relinquish the Permit and comply with [CVMSHCP] Section 6.6.1.3 and [CVMSHCP Implementing Agreement] Section 16.2."
6.6.1.3 Relinquishment of CVFTL Incidental Take Permit
“… The [Coachella Valley Conservation Commission] CVCC and applicable Permittees will implement the following as part of the MSHCP:
Within six months of Permit issuance, the CVFTL Incidental Take Permit will be relinquished as described in Section 16.2 of the [Implementing Agreement] …”
16.2: Coachella Valley Fringe-Toed Lizard Take Authorization. The Permitees will relinquish the Coachella Valley Fringe-Toed Lizard (“CVFTL”) Section 10(a) Permit pursuant to 50 CFR 13.26 within six months of issuance of the MSHCP Section 10(a) Permit, which will allow for final accounting and completion of other administrative activities under the CVFTL HCP. Upon relinquishment of the CVFTL permit, Take Authorization for the CVFTL for Covered Activities will be 51 provided pursuant to the MSHCP Section 10(a) Permit. Because the CVFTL Section 10(a) Permit will no longer exist, the consistency determination (under Fish and Game Code section 2080.1) which was based on such permit will also terminate. Upon issuance of the MSHCP Section 10(a) Permit, the current fees required under the CVFTL HCP will no longer be imposed.
Therefore, this species is now covered under the CVMSHCP. Since the project site is located within the boundaries of the CVMSHCP, no additional mitigation beyond the payment of required mitigation fees is required.
5.3 Impacts to Critical Habitats
The project site is not within any federal critical habitat boundaries for sensitive species. No impacts to critical habitat are expected.
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5.4 Impacts to Migratory Birds
Migratory nongame native bird species are protected under the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act.
Additionally, Sections 3503, 3503.5 and 3513 of the California Fish and Game Code prohibit take of all birds and their active nests. If vegetation removal and other ground disturbance activities can be conducted outside of the recognized nesting bird season (February 1 through September 15), impacts to nesting birds is not expected.
If work cannot be avoided during the nesting bird season, prior to initiation of project activities that would remove vegetation or otherwise disturb nesting activity (for instance, mobilization of heavy equipment), work associated with project activities have the potential to impact nesting birds.
5.5 Impacts to Wildlife Movement Corridors
Wildlife movement corridors link together areas of suitable habitat that are otherwise separated by rugged terrain, changes in vegetation, or human disturbances. The project site was evaluated for its function as a wildlife corridor that species would use to move between wildlife habitat zones.
Typically, mountain canyons or riparian corridors are used by wildlife as corridors; the project site does not contain these features. The project site consists of relatively flat, vacant land characterized by disturbed desert sand dune/creosote bush scrub habitat. Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan (MSHCP) designated conservation lands (Whitewater Floodplain Conservation Area) exist to the north of the project site (Figure 8). Although the project site is located adjacent to conservation lands to the north and vacant lands to the east and west, the project site’s disturbed nature and location immediately adjacent to existing urban development to the south restricts the site’s functionality as a wildlife corridor or linkage. Implementation of the measures identified in the Recommendations section of this report will ensure that potential impacts to this wildlife corridor are minimized to the greatest extent possible.
5.6 Impacts to Jurisdictional Waters
No jurisdictional waters are present on the project site. Therefore, no impacts to state or federal jurisdictional waters are expected to occur.
6.0 Recommendations
Based upon the findings of this report, it is recommended that the measures be implemented as part of the project to avoid, minimize, or compensate for the anticipated impacts from project activities:
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17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Nesting Birds: Consistent with the provisions of the MBTA, it is recommended that vegetation removal be conducted during the non-nesting season for migratory birds to avoid direct impacts. • If vegetation removal will occur during the migratory bird nesting season, between February 1 and September 15, it is recommended that pre-construction nesting bird surveys be performed within three days prior to vegetation removal. • If active nests are found during nesting bird surveys, they shall be flagged, and a 200-foot buffer shall be fenced around the nests.
• A biological monitor shall visit the site once a week during ground disturbing activities to ensure all fencing is in place and no sensitive species are being impacted.
Wildlife Movement Corridors & Conservation Area
The following CVMSHCP Adjacency Guidelines (Section 4.5 of CVMSHCP) are required to be applied to portions of the project to ensure impacts to adjacent conservation lands and wildlife movement corridors are minimized.
Drainage: Proposed Development adjacent to or within a Conservation Area shall incorporate plans to ensure that the quantity and quality of runoff discharged to the adjacent Conservation Area is not altered in an adverse way when compared with existing conditions. Stormwater systems shall be designed to prevent the release of toxins, chemicals, petroleum products, exotic plant materials or other elements that might degrade or harm biological resources or ecosystem processes within the adjacent Conservation Area.
Toxics: Land uses proposed adjacent to or within a Conservation Area that use chemicals or generate bioproducts such as manure that are potentially toxic or may adversely affect wildlife and plant species, Habitat, or water quality shall incorporate measures to ensure that application of such chemicals does not result in any discharge to the adjacent Conservation Area.
Lighting: For proposed Development adjacent to or within a Conservation Area, lighting shall be shielded and directed toward the developed area. Landscape shielding or other appropriate methods shall be incorporated in project designs to minimize the effects of lighting adjacent to or within the adjacent Conservation Area in accordance with the guidelines to be included in the Implementation Manual.
Noise: Proposed Development adjacent to or within a Conservation Area that generates noise in excess of 75 dBA Leq hourly shall incorporate setbacks, berms, or walls, as appropriate, to Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 23 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
minimize the effects of noise on the adjacent Conservation Area in accordance with the guidelines to be included in the Implementation Manual.
Invasives: Invasive, non-native plant species shall not be incorporated in the landscape for land uses adjacent to or within a Conservation Area. Landscape treatments within or adjacent to a Conservation Area shall incorporate native plant materials to the maximum extent Feasible; recommended native species are listed in Table 4-112. The plants listed in Table 4-113 shall not be used within or adjacent to a Conservation Area. This list may be amended from time to time through a Minor Amendment with Wildlife Agency Concurrence.
Barriers: Land uses adjacent to or within a Conservation Area shall incorporate barriers in individual project designs to minimize unauthorized public access, domestic animal predation, illegal trespass, or dumping in a Conservation Area. Such barriers may include native landscaping, rocks/boulders, fencing, walls and/or signage.
Grading/Land Development: Manufactured slopes associated with site Development shall not extend into adjacent land in a Conservation Area.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 24 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
7.0 Certification
CERTIFICATION: “I hereby certify that the statements furnished above and in the attached exhibits present the data and information required for this biological evaluation, and that the facts, statements, and information presented are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.” DATE 10/25/2023 SIGNED
PROJECT MANAGER
Fieldwork Performed By:
Elizabeth Gonzalez
SENIOR BIOLOGIST
Sarah Vasquez
ASSOCIATE BIOLOGIST
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 25 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
8.0 References
American Ornithologists’ Union. 1983 (and supplements 1985, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1993, and 1995). The A.O.U. Check-List of North American Birds. 6th ed. Allen Press. Lawrence, Kansas.
Burt, W.H., and Grossenheider, R.P., 1980. Peterson Field Guides, Mammals. Houghton Mifflin Company. New York, New York.
CDFG (California Department of Fish and Game). 1988a. California’s Wildlife, Volume I:
Amphibians and Reptiles. State of California Resources Agency. Sacramento, California.
CDFG (California Department of Fish and Game). 1988b. California’s Wildlife, Volume II: Birds.
State of California’s Resource Agency. Sacramento, California.
CDFG (California Department of Fish and Game). 1988c. California’s Wildlife, Volume III:
Mammals. State of California Resources Agency. Sacramento, California.
CDFG (California Department of Fish and Game). 2014 (October). Natural Communities List.
The Resources Agency of California, Department of Fish and Game, Natural Diversity Data Base.
Sacramento, California.
CDFG (California Department of Fish and Game). 2014 (October). Endangered and Threatened Animals List. The Resources Agency of California, Department of Fish and Game, Natural Diversity Data Base. Sacramento, California.
CDFG (California Department of Fish and Game). 2014 (October). Endangered Threatened and Rare Plants. The Resources Agency of California, Department of Fish and Game, Natural Diversity Data Base. Sacramento, California.
CDFG (California Department of Fish and Game). 2014 (October). Special Animals List . The Resources Agency of California, Department of Fish and Game, Natural Diversity Data Base.
Sacramento, California.
CDFG (California Department of Fish and Game). 2015. RareFind On-line program. Data Base Record Search for Information on Threatened, Endangered, Rare, or Otherwise Sensitive Species California Department of Fish and Game, State of California Resources Agency. Sacramento, California.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 26 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan, 2016 (August). Available online at https://cvmshcp.org/. Accessed July 2023.
Department of the Army. 1986 (Nov 13). 33 CFR Parts 320 Through 330, Regulatory Programs of the Corps of Engineers; Final Rule. Federal Register 51(219):41206-41206.
Department of the Army. 2000 (Mar 9). 33 CFR Parts 320 Through 330, Regulatory Programs of the Corps of Engineers; Final Rule. Federal Register 65(47):12818-12899.
Department of the Army. 2002 (Jan 15). 33 CFR Parts 320 Through 330, Regulatory Programs of the Corps of Engineers; Final Rule. Federal Register 67(10):20020-2095.
Hickman, J.C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press. Berkeley, California.
Holland, R.F. 1986 (updated 1996). Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. Non-game Heritage Program. California Department of Fish and Game. Sacramento, California.
Munz, P.A. 1974. A Flora of Southern California. University of California Press. Berkeley, California.
Sawyer, J.O. and T. Keeler-Wolf. 1995. A Manual of California Vegetation. California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, California.
Spencer, W.D., P. Beier, K. Penrod, K. Winters, C. Paulman, H. Rustigian-Romsos, J. Strittholt, M. Parisi, and A. Pettler. 2010. California Essential Habitat Connectivity Project: A Strategy for Conserving a Connected California. Prepared for California Department of Transportation, California Department of Fish and Game, and Federal Highways Administration.
Stebbins, R.C. 2003. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians. 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston, Massachusetts.
Tibor, D.P. 2001. California Native Plant Society’s Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants of California. California Native Plant Society. Special Publication, No. 1, 6th ed.
Udvardy, M.D. 1994. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Birds. Alfred A.
Verano Residential
General Biological Assessment
Page | 27 October 2023
Hernandez Environmental Services
17037 Lakeshore Drive
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Knopf, Inc. New York, New York.
USFWS (United States Fish and Wildlife Service). 2008. Draft revised recovery plan for the Mojave population of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, California and Nevada Region, Sacramento, California. 209 pp.
USFWS (United States Fish and Wildlife Service). 1993 (Sep 30). Plant Taxa for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species; Notice of Review. Federal Register 50 CFR Part 17. U.S.
Department of the Interior. Washington, D.C.
USFWS (United States Fish and Wildlife Service). 1994 (Nov 15). Endangered or Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Animal Candidate Review for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species.
Federal Register 50 CFR Part 17. U.S. Department of the Interior. Washington, D.C.
USFWS (United States Fish and Wildlife Service). 1997c (Oct. 31). Endangered or Threatened Wildlife and Plants. Federal Register 50 CFR Part 17. U.S. Department of the Interior.
Washington, D.C.
FIGURES
Figure 1
Eucalyptus Avenue
Edison Avenue
Euclid Avenue
Legend
Project Site Boundary
N Location Map
67155 Verona Ave
Cathedral City,
Riverside County, California
Palm Avenue
Kendall Drive
Cajon Blvd
Figure 2
Eucalyptus Avenue
Edison Avenue
Euclid Avenue
Legend
Project Site Boundary
N Vicinity Map
67155 Verona Ave
Cathedral City,
Riverside County, California
Palm Avenue
Kendall Drive
Cajon Blvd
Project Location
VERANO
CATHEDRAL CITY, CA
0 75 150 300
ORANGE COUNTY . LOS ANGELES . BAY AREA . SACRAMENTO
NCP VERANO LLC
MASTER PLAN
Planning Area
Site Area
(AC)
Units
(DU)
Density
(DU/AC)
Existing Residential 470
Motorcourt SFD (N.A.P.) 8.6 58 6.74
Single-Family Detached 95.2 459 4.82
Mixed Use Small Lot 32.8 375 11.43
Total 136.6 1,362 9.97
SFD Tabulation Units
38' x 110' Alley SFD 65
50' x 110' SFD 183
60' x 110' SFD 211
Rio Vista DrRio Vista Dr
Rio Vista DrRio Vista Dr
Rio Landdau Blvd lvd
rr D ista V io R
Rio Vista Dr Rio Vista Dr
Rio Vista Dr Rio Vista Dr
Rio Madre Dr Rio Madre Dr
Rio Naches Dr Rio Naches Dr
Rio Largo Dr Rio Largo Dr
Rio Oso Dr Rio Oso Dr
Rio Plata Dr Rio Plata Dr
Rio Rosalia Dr Rio Rosalia Dr
Verona Rd Verona Rd Verona Rd Verona Rd
Rio Largo Dr Rio Largo Dr
MOTORCOURT SFD MOTORCOURT SFD
Rio Pecos DrRio Pecos Dr
uintana uintana Qadd eni vv AA
dd R icia llll
e F io R
dd R icia llll
e F io R
dd Repp
ull add ua GG io R
dd R odd on HH io R
dd Repp
ull add ua GG io R
r entu V
r Dar
entu V
r
Da
Union Pacific RailroadUnion Pacific Railroad
I-10
Rio Rosalia Dr Rio Rosalia Dr
io R
A o rb
itos l
d R
io R
rb A
itos l o
d R
io R
r B
ova
d R
io R
r B
ova
d R
io R
C ol o
ar
od
d R
io R
o C
ol
ar
od
d R
Rio Arapaho DrRio Arapaho Dr
Rio Landau BlvdRio Landau Blvd
Drainage Channel Drainage Channel
Drainage ChannelDrainage Channel
Neighborhood Neighborhood
Park
Rio Vista
Elementary School Elementary School
Future CommercialFuture Commercial
Community
Rec
(N.A.P.)
MIXED-USE SMALL LOT MIXED-USE SMALL LOT
SINGLE-FAMILY DETACHED SINGLE-FAMILY DETACHED
MORONGO CREEK STORMWATER CHANNEL
RIO ROSALIA DRIVE RIO GUADALUPE ROAD
VERONA ROAD AVENIDA QUINTANA
A
2 B
3 RIO JANEIRO ROAD
RIO VISTA DR
RIO VISTA DR
R F U L L C I R C L E T H I N K I N G E N G I N E E R I N G FUSCOE
BLOW SAND MITIGATION
IMPROVEMENTS
- DRAFT -
R F U L L C I R C L E T H I N K I N G F
E N
U
G I
S
N
C
E E
O
R I
E
N G
BLOW SAND MITIGATION
IMPROVMENTS
- DRAFT -
SECTION A
2 R F U L L C I R C L E T H I N K I N G F
E N
U
G I
S
N
C
E E
O
R I
E
N G
BLOW SAND MITIGATION
IMPROVMENTS
- DRAFT -
SECTION B
3 Figure 5
Eucalyptus Avenue
Edison Avenue
Euclid Avenue
Legend
Project Site Boundary
N Habitat Map
67155 Verona Ave
Cathedral City,
Riverside County, California
Palm Avenue
Kendall Drive
Cajon Blvd
Disturbed Desert sand dune/Creosote bush scrub Habitat
(131.04 Acres)
Figure 6
Eucalyptus Avenue
Edison Avenue
Euclid Avenue
Legend
Project Site Boundary
N CVMSHCP Conservation Lands Map
67155 Verona Ave
Cathedral City,
Riverside County, California
Palm Avenue
Kendall Drive
Cajon Blvd
Project Location
CVMSHCP Conservation Lands
Figure 7
Eucalyptus Avenue
Edison Avenue
Euclid Avenue
N
CVMV Critical Habitat Map
67155 Verona Ave
Cathedral City,
Riverside County, California
Palm Avenue
Kendall Drive
Cajon Blvd
Project Location
Figure 8
Eucalyptus Avenue
Edison Avenue
Euclid Avenue
Legend
Project Site Boundary
N Critical Habitat Map
67155 Verona Ave
Cathedral City,
Riverside County, California
Palm Avenue
Kendall Drive
Cajon Blvd
Project Location
Coachella Valley Milk-vetch Critical Habitat
APPENDIX A
Observed Species List
Plant List
Scientific Name Common Name
Ambrosia dumosa White bursage
Ambrosia salsola Cheesebush
Astragalus sp. Milk vetch
Astragalus mollissimus Woolly locoweed
Brassica tournefortii Saharan mustard
Croton californicus California croton
Dicoria canescens Desert twinbugs
Ericameria paniculata Black-banded rabbitbrush
Hesperocallis undulata Ajo Lily
Johnstonella angustifolia Panamint Cryptantha
Larrea trindentata Creosote bush
Montagnea arenaria Desert ink cap
Palafoxia arida Desert palafox
Prosopis glandulosa Honey mesquite
Psathyrotes ramosissima Velvet turtleback
Psorothamnus fremontii Indigo bush
Schismus barbatus Common Mediterranean grass
Tiquilia plicata Fan-leaved plicata
Wildlife List
Scientific Name Common Name
Dipsosaurus dorsalis Desert iguana
Mimus polyglottos Northern mockingbird
APPENDIX B
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Abronia villosa
var. aurita
chaparral
sand-verbena Dicots None None 1B.1
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Coastal scrub |
Desert dunes
Chaparral,
coastal scrub,
desert dunes.
Sandy areas. -60-
1570 m.
This species prefers
chaparral and
coastal scrub
habitats. No suitable
habitat occurs on
site. This species is
not present.
Acmispon
haydonii pygmy lotus Dicots None None 1B.3
SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank |
SB_USDA-US
Dept of
Agriculture
Pinon & juniper
woodlands |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Sonoran desert
scrub, pinyon
and juniper
woodland.
Creosote bush
scrub to pinyon
and juniper
woodland; rocky
sites. 180-1280
m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Almutaster
pauciflorus
alkali marsh
aster
Dicots None None 2B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Meadow & seep Meadow and
seeps.
Alkaline. 60-765
m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Ambrosia
monogyra
singlewhorl
burrobrush Dicots None None 2B.2
SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank
Chaparral |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Chaparral,
Sonoran desert
scrub.
Sandy soils. 5-
475 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Astragalus
bernardinus
San
Bernardino
milk-vetch
Dicots None None 1B.2
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Joshua tree
woodland |
Limestone |
Pinon & juniper
woodlands
Joshua tree
woodland,
pinyon and
juniper
woodland.
Granitic or
carbonate
substrates. 290-
2290 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Astragalus
hornii var.
hornii
Horn's milkvetch Dicots None None 1B.1 BLM_S- Sensitive Alkali playa | Meadow & seep | Wetland Meadows and seeps, playas. Lake margins, alkaline sites. 75- 350 m. No suitable habitat occurs on site. This species is not present.
Astragalus
lentiginosus
var. coachellae
Coachella
Valley milkvetch Dicots Endangered None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_USDA-US
Dept of
Agriculture
Desert dunes |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Sonoran desert
scrub, desert
dunes.
Sandy flats,
washes,
outwash fans,
sometimes on
dunes. 35-695
m.
This species prefers
washes and areas
adjacent to washes.
This species was not
found during the
field survey, which
was performed
during the blooming
period for this
species. This species
is not present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Astragalus
preussii var.
laxiflorus
Lancaster
milk-vetch Dicots None None 1B.1 Chenopod scrub | Desert wash Chenopod scrub.
Alkaline clay
flats or gravelly
or sandy washes
and along draws
in gullied
badlands. 700-
735 m in
California.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Astragalus
tricarinatus
triple-ribbed
milk-vetch Dicots Endangered None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Desert wash |
Joshua tree
woodland |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Joshua tree
woodland,
Sonoran desert
scrub.
Hot, rocky
slopes in
canyons and
along edge of
boulder-strewn
desert washes,
with Larrea and
Encelia. 455-
1585 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Atriplex
parishii
Parish's
brittlescale Dicots None None 1B.1
SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank | USFS_SSensitive
Alkali playa |
Chenopod scrub | Meadow & seep |
Vernal pool |
Wetland
Vernal pools,
chenopod scrub,
playas.
Usually on
drying alkali flats
with fine soils. 4-
1420 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Ayenia
compacta
California
ayenia Dicots None None 2B.3
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Desert wash |
Mojavean desert
scrub | Sonoran
desert scrub
Mojavean desert
scrub, Sonoran
desert scrub.
Sandy and
gravelly washes
in the desert;
dry desert
canyons. 60-
1830 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Boechera
johnstonii
Johnston's
rockcress Dicots None None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Lower montane
coniferous forest
Chaparral, lower
montane
coniferous
forest.
Often on eroded
clay soils. With
Adenostoma,
Quercus
wislizenii. 1365-
2590 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Calochortus
palmeri var.
munzii
San Jacinto
mariposa-lily Monocots None None 1B.2
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Lower montane
coniferous forest
| Meadow & seep
Lower montane
coniferous
forest, chaparral,
meadows and
seeps.
Seen in open
Jeffrey pine
forest as well as
in chaparral. 940-
1815 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Caulanthus
simulans
Payson's
jewelflower Dicots None None 4.2
SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank | USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Coastal scrub
Chaparral,
coastal scrub.
Frequently in
burned areas, or
in disturbed
sites such as
streambeds; also
on rocky, steep
slopes. Sandy,
granitic soils. 90-
2200 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Chaenactis
parishii
Parish's
chaenactis Dicots None None 1B.3
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank
Chaparral Chaparral. Rocky sites. 670- 2135 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Chorizanthe
parryi var.
parryi
Parry's
spineflower Dicots None None 1B.1
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Cismontane
woodland |
Coastal scrub |
Valley & foothill
grassland
Coastal scrub,
chaparral,
cismontane
woodland, valley
and foothill
grassland.
Dry slopes and
flats; sometimes
at interface of 2
vegetation
types, such as
chaparral and
oak woodland.
Dry, sandy soils.
90-1220 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Chorizanthe
polygonoides
var. longispina
long-spined
spineflower Dicots None None 1B.2
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank
Chaparral |
Coastal scrub |
Meadow & seep |
Ultramafic |
Valley & foothill
grassland |
Vernal pool
Chaparral,
coastal scrub,
meadows and
seeps, valley and
foothill
grassland, vernal
pools.
Gabbroic clay.
30-1630 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Chorizanthe
xanti var.
leucotheca
whitebracted
spineflower
Dicots None None 1B.2
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_USDA-US
Dept of
Agriculture |
USFS_SSensitive
Coastal scrub |
Mojavean desert
scrub | Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
Mojavean desert
scrub, pinyon
and juniper
woodland,
coastal scrub
(alluvial fans).
Sandy or gravelly
places. 365-1830
m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Deinandra
mohavensis
Mojave
tarplant Dicots None Endangered 1B.3
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Coastal scrub |
Riparian scrub
Riparian scrub,
coastal scrub,
chaparral.
Low sand bars in
river bed; mostly
in riparian areas
or in ephemeral
grassy areas.
640-1645 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Desert Fan
Palm Oasis
Woodland
Desert Fan
Palm Oasis
Woodland
Riparian None None Riparian woodland This is not present.
Ditaxis
claryana
glandular
ditaxis Dicots None None 2B.2
Desert wash |
Mojavean desert
scrub | Sonoran
desert scrub
Mojavean desert
scrub, Sonoran
desert scrub.
In dry washes
and on rocky
hillsides. Sandy
soils. 15-505 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Ditaxis serrata
var. californica
California
ditaxis Dicots None None 3.2
Desert wash |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Sonoran desert
scrub.
On sandy
washes and
alluvial fans of
the foothills and
lower desert
slopes. 60-705
m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Dodecahema
leptoceras
slenderhorned
spineflower
Dicots Endangered Endangered 1B.1
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Chaparral |
Cismontane
woodland |
Coastal scrub
Chaparral,
cismontane
woodland,
coastal scrub
(alluvial fan sage
scrub).
Flood deposited
terraces and
washes;
associates
include Encelia,
Dalea,
Lepidospartum,
etc. Sandy soils.
200-765 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Eremothera
boothii ssp.
boothii
Booth's
eveningprimrose Dicots None None 2B.3
Joshua tree
woodland | Pinon
& juniper
woodlands
Joshua tree
woodland,
pinyon and
juniper
woodland.
285-2290 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Eriastrum
harwoodii
Harwood's
eriastrum Dicots None None 1B.2
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_USDA-US
Dept of
Agriculture
Desert dunes Desert dunes. Sandy soils. 15-
1100m.
The project site
consists of disturbed
open desert that
appears to have
been previously
graded. No
occurrence of this
species recorded on
CNDDB are near the
project site (within 5
miles). Further, this
species was not
found during the
field survey, which
was performed
during the blooming
period for this
species. This species
is not present.
Erigeron
parishii Parish's daisy Dicots Threatened None 1B.1
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Limestone |
Mojavean desert
scrub | Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
Mojavean desert
scrub, pinyon
and juniper
woodland.
Often on
carbonate;
limestone
mountain
slopes; often
associated with
drainages.
Sometimes on
grainite. 1050-
2245 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Euphorbia
abramsiana
Abrams'
spurge
Dicots None None 2B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Mojavean desert
scrub | Sonoran
desert scrub
Mojavean desert
scrub, Sonoran
desert scrub.
Sandy sites. -45-
1445 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Euphorbia
arizonica
Arizona
spurge
Dicots None None 2B.3 Sonoran desert scrub Sonoran desert scrub. Sandy soils. 150- 900 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Euphorbia
misera cliff spurge Dicots None None 2B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank
Coastal bluff
scrub | Coastal
scrub | Mojavean
desert scrub
Coastal bluff
scrub, coastal
scrub, Mojavean
desert scrub.
Rocky sites. 3-
430 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Euphorbia
platysperma
flat-seeded
spurge
Dicots None None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Desert dunes |
Mojavean desert
scrub
Mojavean desert
scrub, desert
dunes.
Sandy places or
shifting dunes.
Possibly a waif in
California; more
common in
Arizona and
Mexico. 60-960
m.
The project site
consists of disturbed
open desert that
appears to have
been previously
graded. No
occurrence of this
species recorded on
CNDDB are near the
project site (within 5
miles). Further, this
species was not
found during the
field survey, which
was performed
during the blooming
period for this
species. This species
is not present.
Heuchera
hirsutissima
shaggyhaired
alumroot
Dicots None None 1B.3
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Subalpine
coniferous forest
| Upper montane
coniferous forest
Subalpine
coniferous
forest, upper
montane
coniferous
forest.
Often near large
rocks. Granitic
substrate. 1065-
3200 m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Imperata
brevifolia
California
satintail Monocots None None 2B.1
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_SBBGSanta Barbara
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Coastal scrub |
Meadow & seep |
Mojavean desert
scrub | Riparian
scrub | Wetland
Coastal scrub,
chaparral,
riparian scrub,
mojavean desert
scrub, meadows
and seeps
(alkali), riparian
scrub.
Mesic sites,
alkali seeps,
riparian areas. 3-
1495 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Lilium parryi lemon lily Monocots None None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank | USFS_SSensitive
Lower montane
coniferous forest
| Meadow & seep
| Riparian forest
| Upper montane
coniferous forest
| Wetland
Lower montane
coniferous
forest, meadows
and seeps,
riparian forest,
upper montane
coniferous
forest.
Wet,
mountainous
terrain;
generally in
forested areas;
on shady edges
of streams, in
open boggy
meadows and
seeps. 625-2930
m.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site and
the project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Linanthus
jaegeri
San Jacinto
linanthus Dicots None None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Subalpine
coniferous forest
| Upper montane
coniferous forest
Subalpine
coniferous
forest, upper
montane
coniferous
forest.
Dry rocky
granitic
outcrops; sheer,
vertical habitat.
1985-3050 m.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site and
the project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Linanthus
maculatus ssp.
maculatus
Little San
Bernardino
Mtns.
linanthus
Dicots None None 1B.2
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Desert dunes |
Desert wash |
Joshua tree
woodland |
Mojavean desert
scrub | Sonoran
desert scrub
Desert dunes,
Sonoran desert
scrub, Mojavean
desert scrub,
Joshua tree
woodland.
Sandy places.
Usually in lightcolored quartz
sand; often in
wash or bajada.
135-1220 m.
No washes or quartz
soils occur on site.
The onsite soils are
derived from
granite. No suitable
habitat occurs on
site. This species is
not present.
Marina
orcuttii var.
orcuttii
California
marina Dicots None None 1B.3
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral | Pinon
& juniper
woodlands |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Pinyon and
juniper
woodland,
Sonoran desert
scrub, chaparral.
Gravelly
hillsides, rocky
soil. 365-1160
m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Matelea
parvifolia
spear-leaf
matelea Dicots None None 2B.3 USFS_S- Sensitive Mojavean desert scrub | Sonoran desert scrub Mojavean desert scrub, Sonoran desert scrub. Dry rocky ledges and slopes. 360- 1440 m. No suitable habitat occurs on site. This species is not present.
Mentzelia
tricuspis
spiny-hair
blazing star Dicots None None 2B.1 Mojavean desert scrub Mojavean desert scrub.
Sandy or gravelly
slopes and
washes.150-
1280 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Mesquite
Bosque
Mesquite
Bosque Riparian None None Riparian forest This is not present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Nemacaulis
denudata var.
gracilis
slender
cottonheads Dicots None None 2B.2
Coastal dunes |
Desert dunes |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Coastal dunes,
desert dunes,
Sonoran desert
scrub.
In dunes or
sand. -45-745 m.
The project site
consists of disturbed
open desert that
appears to have
been previously
graded. No
occurrence of this
species recorded on
CNDDB are near the
project site (within 5
miles). Further, this
species was not
found during the
field survey, which
was performed
during the blooming
period for this
species. This species
is not present.
Pelazoneuron
puberulum
var. sonorense
Sonoran
maiden fern Ferns None None 2B.2 USFS_S- Sensitive Meadow & seep | Wetland Meadows and seeps. Along streams, seepage areas. 60-930 m. No suitable habitat occurs on site. This species is not present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Penstemon
californicus
California
beardtongue Dicots None None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_USDA-US
Dept of
Agriculture |
USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Lower montane
coniferous forest
| Pinon & juniper
woodlands
Chaparral, lower
montane
coniferous
forest, pinyon
and juniper
woodland.
Stony slopes and
shrubby
openings; sandy
or granitic soils.
240-2290 m.
No suitable habitat
occurs on site and
the project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Petalonyx
linearis
narrow-leaf
sandpaperplant Dicots None None 2B.3
Mojavean desert
scrub | Sonoran
desert scrub
Mojavean desert
scrub, Sonoran
desert scrub.
Sandy or rocky
canyons. -30-
1090 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Pseudorontiu
m cyathiferum
Deep Canyon
snapdragon Dicots None None 2B.3 Sonoran desert scrub Sonoran desert scrub. Rocky sites. 0- 800 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Saltugilia
latimeri
Latimer's
woodlandgilia Dicots None None 1B.2
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_USDA-US
Dept of
Agriculture |
USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Limestone |
Mojavean desert
scrub | Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
Chaparral,
Mojavean desert
scrub, pinyon
and juniper
woodland.
Rocky or sandy
substrate;
sometimes in
washes,
sometimes
limestone. 120-
2200 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Selaginella
eremophila
desert spikemoss Ferns None None 2B.2 Chaparral | Sonoran desert scrub Sonoran desert scrub, chaparral.
Shaded sites,
gravelly soils;
crevices or
among rocks.
225-1570 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Senna covesii Cove's cassia Dicots None None 2B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Desert wash |
Sonoran desert
scrub
Sonoran desert
scrub.
Dry, sandy
desert washes,
slopes. 255-1295
m.
The project site is
outside the
elevation range for
this species. This
species is not
present.
Sidotheca
emarginata
whitemargined
oxytheca
Dicots None None 1B.3
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| SB_USDA-US
Dept of
Agriculture |
USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Lower montane
coniferous forest
| Pinon & juniper
woodlands
Chaparral, lower
montane
coniferous
forest, pinyon
and juniper
woodland.
Gravelly to rocky
soil in the San
Jacinto and
Santa Rosa
mtns. 1215-2625
m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Southern
Riparian
Forest
Southern
Riparian
Forest
Riparian None None Riparian forest This is not present.
Stemodia
durantifolia
purple
stemodia Dicots None None 2B.1
SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank
Sonoran desert
scrub
Sonoran desert
scrub.
Sandy soils;
mesic sites. 35-
385 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon
Group Federal List State List Rare Plant Rank Other Status Habitats General Habitat Micro Habitat Presence/ Absence Streptanthus
campestris
southern
jewelflower Dicots None None 1B.3
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CRES-San
Diego Zoo
CRES Native
Gene Seed
Bank | USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Lower montane
coniferous forest
| Pinon & juniper
woodlands
Chaparral, lower
montane
coniferous
forest, pinyon
and juniper
woodland.
Open, rocky
areas. 605-2590
m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Thysanocarpus
rigidus
rigid
fringepod Dicots None None 1B.2
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
| USFS_SSensitive
Pinon & juniper
woodlands
Pinyon and
juniper
woodland.
Dry, rocky slopes
and ridges of
oak and pine
woodland in arid
mountain
ranges. 425-
2165.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Xylorhiza
cognata
Mecca-aster Dicots None None 1B.2
BLM_SSensitive |
SB_CalBG/RSA
BGCalifornia/Ranc
ho Santa Ana
Botanic Garden
Sonoran desert
scrub
Sonoran desert
scrub.
Steep canyon
slopes, in
sandstone and
clay. 20-305 m.
No suitable habitat occurs on site. This
species is not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Accipiter
cooperii
Cooper's
hawk
Birds None None
CDFW_WLWatch List
| IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Cismontan
e
woodland
| Riparian
forest |
Riparian
woodland
| Upper
montane
coniferous
forest
Woodland,
chiefly of
open,
interrupted
or marginal
type.
Nest sites
mainly in
riparian
growths
of
deciduous
trees, as
in canyon
bottoms
on river
floodplains;
also, live
oaks.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Aimophila
ruficeps
canescens
southern
California
rufouscrowned
sparrow
Birds None None
CDFW_WLWatch List
Chaparral |
Coastal
scrub
Resident in
Southern
California
coastal sage
scrub and
sparse
mixed
chaparral.
Frequents
relatively
steep,
often
rocky
hillsides
with grass
and forb
patches.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Aquila
chrysaetos
golden eagle Birds None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDF_SSensitive |
CDFW_FPFully
Protected |
CDFW_WLWatch List
| IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Broadleave
d upland
forest |
Cismontan
e
woodland
| Coastal
prairie |
Great
Basin
grassland |
Great
Basin scrub
| Lower
montane
coniferous
forest |
Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
| Upper
montane
coniferous
forest |
Valley &
foothill
grassland
Rolling
foothills,
mountain
areas, sagejuniper
flats, and
desert.
Cliffwalled
canyons
provide
nesting
habitat in
most
parts of
range;
also, large
trees in
open
areas.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Athene
cunicularia
burrowing
owl
Birds None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern |
USFWS_BC
C-Birds of
Conservatio
n Concern
Coastal
prairie |
Coastal
scrub |
Great
Basin
grassland |
Great
Basin scrub
|
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Sonoran
desert
scrub |
Valley &
foothill
grassland
Open, dry
annual or
perennial
grasslands,
deserts, and
scrublands
characterize
d by lowgrowing
vegetation.
Subterran
ean
nester,
dependen
t upon
burrowing
mammals
, most
notably,
the
California
ground
squirrel.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Bombus
crotchii
Crotch
bumble bee
Insects None
Candidate
Endangered
IUCN_ENEndangered
Coastal
California
east to the
SierraCascade
crest and
south into
Mexico.
Food
plant
genera
include
Antirrhinu
m,
Phacelia,
Clarkia,
Dendrom
econ,
Eschschol
zia, and
Eriogonu
m.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
1 Calileptoneta
oasa
Andreas
Canyon
leptonetid
spider
Arachnids None None
Mojavean
desert
scrub
Known only
from the
type
locality,
Andreas
Canyon,
Palm
Springs,
Riverside
County.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Chaetodipus
fallax pallidus
pallid San
Diego
pocket
mouse
Mammals None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern
Desert
wash |
Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
| Sonoran
desert
scrub
Desert
border
areas in
eastern San
Diego
County in
desert
wash,
desert
scrub,
desert
succulent
scrub,
pinyonjuniper, etc.
Sandy,
herbaceo
us areas,
usually in
associatio
n with
rocks or
coarse
gravel.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Corynorhinus
townsendii
Townsend's
big-eared
bat
Mammals None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern |
USFS_SSensitive
Broadleave
d upland
forest |
Chaparral |
Chenopod
scrub |
Great
Basin
grassland |
Great
Basin scrub
| Joshua
tree
woodland
| Lower
montane
coniferous
forest |
Meadow &
seep |
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Riparian
forest |
Riparian
woodland
| Sonoran
desert scru
Throughout
California in
a wide
variety of
habitats.
Most
common in
mesic sites.
Roosts in
the open,
hanging
from
walls and
ceilings.
Roosting
sites
limiting.
Extremely
sensitive
to human
disturban
ce.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Crotalus
ruber
red-diamond
rattlesnake
Reptiles None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern |
USFS_SSensitive
Chaparral |
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Chaparral,
woodland,
grassland,
and desert
areas from
coastal San
Diego
County to
the eastern
slopes of
the
mountains.
Occurs in
rocky
areas and
dense
vegetatio
n. Needs
rodent
burrows,
cracks in
rocks or
surface
cover
objects.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Cyprinodon
macularius
desert
pupfish
Fish Endangered Endangered
AFS_ENEndangered
| IUCN_VUVulnerable
Aquatic |
Artificial
flowing
waters |
Artificial
standing
waters |
Colorado
River basin
flowing
waters |
Colorado
River basin
standing
waters
Desert
ponds,
springs,
marshes
and streams
in Southern
California.
Can live in
salinities
from
freshwate
r to 68
ppt; can
withstand
temps
from 9 -
45 C and
dissolved
oxygen
levels
down to
0.1 ppm.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
1 Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Cypseloides
niger
black swift Birds None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_VUVulnerable
|
USFWS_BC
C-Birds of
Conservatio
n Concern
Coastal belt
of Santa
Cruz and
Monterey
counties;
central and
southern
Sierra
Nevada; San
Bernardino
and San
Jacinto
mountains.
Breeds in
small
colonies
on cliffs
behind or
adjacent
to
waterfalls
in deep
canyons
and seabluffs
above the
surf;
forages
widely.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Dinacoma
caseyi
Casey's June
beetle
Insects Endangered None
Desert
wash |
Mojavean
desert
scrub
Found only
in two
populations
in a small
area of
southern
Palm
Springs.
Found in
sandy
soils; the
females
live
undergro
und and
only come
to the
ground
surface to
mate.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
1 Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Dipodomys
merriami
collinus
Earthquake
Merriam's
kangaroo rat
Mammals None None
Chaparral |
Coastal
scrub
Known only
from San
Diego and
Riverside
counties.
Associated
with
riversidean
sage scrub,
chaparral,
and nonnative
grassland.
Need
sandy
loam
substrates
for
digging of
burrows.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Empidonax
traillii extimus
southwester
n willow
flycatcher
Birds Endangered Endangered
Riparian
woodland
Riparian
woodlands
in Southern
California.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present. 1
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Falco
mexicanus
prairie
falcon
Birds None None
CDFW_WLWatch List
| IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Great
Basin
grassland |
Great
Basin scrub
|
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Sonoran
desert
scrub |
Valley &
foothill
grassland
Inhabits dry,
open
terrain,
either level
or hilly.
Breeding
sites
located
on cliffs.
Forages
far afield,
even to
marshlan
ds and
ocean
shores.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Gopherus
agassizii
desert
tortoise
Reptiles Threatened Threatened
IUCN_CRCritically
Endangered
Joshua
tree
woodland
|
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Most
common in
desert
scrub,
desert
wash, and
Joshua tree
habitats;
occurs in
almost
every
desert
habitat.
Require
friable soil
for
burrow
and nest
constructi
on.
Creosote
bush
habitat
with large
annual
wildflowe
r blooms
preferred.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
1 Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Lanius
ludovicianus
loggerhead
shrike
Birds None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_NTNear
Threatened
Broadleave
d upland
forest |
Desert
wash |
Joshua
tree
woodland
|
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
| Riparian
woodland
| Sonoran
desert
scrub
Broken
woodlands,
savannah,
pinyonjuniper,
Joshua tree,
and riparian
woodlands,
desert
oases, scrub
and washes.
Prefers
open
country
for
hunting,
with
perches
for
scanning,
and fairly
dense
shrubs
and brush
for
nesting.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Lasiurus
xanthinus
western
yellow bat
Mammals None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Desert
wash
Found in
valley
foothill
riparian,
desert
riparian,
desert
wash, and
palm oasis
habitats.
Roosts in
trees,
particularl
y palms.
Forages
over
water and
among
trees.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Macrobaenet
es valgum
Coachella
giant sand
treader
cricket
Insects None None
IUCN_VUVulnerableDesert
dunes
Known from
the sand
dune ridges
in the
vicinity of
Coachella
Valley.
Populatio
n size
regulated
by
amount
of annual
rainfall;
some
spots
favor
permanen
t
habitation
where
springs
dampen
sand.
Suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species
has the
potential
to be
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Neotoma
albigula
venusta
Colorado
Valley
woodrat
Mammals None None
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Low-lying
desert areas
in
southeaster
n California.
Closely
associated
with beavertail cactus
and
mesquite.
Intolerant
of cold
temps.
Eats
mainly
succulent
plants.
Distributi
on
influence
d by
abundanc
e of nest
building
material.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Neotoma
lepida
intermedia
San Diego
desert
woodrat
Mammals None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern
Coastal
scrub
Coastal
scrub of
Southern
California
from San
Diego
County to
San Luis
Obispo
County.
Moderate
to dense
canopies
preferred.
They are
particularl
y
abundant
in rock
outcrops,
rocky
cliffs, and
slopes.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Nyctinomops
femorosaccus
pocketed
free-tailed
bat
Mammals None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Joshua
tree
woodland
| Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
| Riparian
scrub |
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Variety of
arid areas in
Southern
California;
pine-juniper
woodlands,
desert
scrub, palm
oasis,
desert
wash,
desert
riparian,
etc.
Rocky
areas with
high cliffs.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Nyctinomops
macrotis
big freetailed bat
Mammals None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Low-lying
arid areas in
Southern
California.
Need high
cliffs or
rocky
outcrops
for
roosting
sites.
Feeds
principally
on large
moths.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Oliarces clara
cheeseweed
owlfly
(cheesewee
d moth
lacewing)
Insects None None
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Inhabits the
lower
Colorado
River
drainage.
Found
under
rocks or
in flight
over
streams.
Larrea
tridentata
is the
suspected
larval
host.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Ovis
canadensis
nelsoni
desert
bighorn
sheep
Mammals None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_FPFully
Protected |
USFS_SSensitive
Alpine |
Alpine
dwarf
scrub |
Chaparral |
Chenopod
scrub |
Great
Basin scrub
|
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Montane
dwarf
scrub |
Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
| Riparian
woodland
| Sonoran
desert
scrub
Widely
distributed
from the
White Mtns
in Mono Co.
to the
Chocolate
Mts in
Imperial Co.
Open,
rocky,
steep
areas with
available
water and
herbaceo
us forage.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Ovis
canadensis
nelsoni pop. 2
Peninsular
bighorn
sheep DPS
Mammals Endangered Threatened
CDFW_FPFully
Protected
Alpine |
Alpine
dwarf
scrub |
Chaparral |
Chenopod
scrub |
Great
Basin scrub
|
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Montane
dwarf
scrub |
Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
| Riparian
woodland
| Sonoran
desert
scrub
Eastern
slopes of
the
Peninsular
Ranges
below 4,600
ft elevation.
This DPS of
the
subspecies
inhabits the
Peninsular
Ranges in
southern
California
from the
San Jacinto
Mountains
south to the
US-Mexico
Internationa
l Border.
Optimal
habitat
includes
steep
walled
canyons
and ridges
bisected
by rocky
or sandy
washes,
with
available
water.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
1 Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Perognathus
longimembris
bangsi
Palm Springs
pocket
mouse
Mammals None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern
Desert
wash |
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Desert
riparian,
desert
scrub,
desert wash
and
sagebrush
habitats.
Most
common in
creosotedominated
desert
scrub.
Rarely
found on
rocky
sites.
Occurs in
all canopy
coverage
classes.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Perognathus
longimembris
brevinasus
Los Angeles
pocket
mouse
Mammals None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern
Coastal
scrub
Lower
elevation
grasslands
and coastal
sage
communitie
s in and
around the
Los Angeles
Basin.
Open
ground
with fine,
sandy
soils. May
not dig
extensive
burrows,
hiding
under
weeds
and dead
leaves
instead.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Phrynosoma
blainvillii
coast
horned
lizard
Reptiles None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Chaparral |
Cismontan
e
woodland
| Coastal
bluff scrub
| Coastal
scrub |
Desert
wash |
Pinon &
juniper
woodlands
| Riparian
scrub |
Riparian
woodland
| Valley &
foothill
grassland
Frequents a
wide variety
of habitats,
most
common in
lowlands
along sandy
washes with
scattered
low bushes.
Open
areas for
sunning,
bushes
for cover,
patches
of loose
soil for
burial,
and
abundant
supply of
ants and
other
insects.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Phrynosoma
mcallii
flat-tailed
horned
lizard
Reptiles None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_NTNear
Threatened
Desert
dunes |
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Restricted
to desert
washes and
desert flats
in central
Riverside,
eastern San
Diego, and
Imperial
counties.
Critical
habitat
element
is fine
sand, into
which
lizards
burrow to
avoid
temperat
ure
extremes;
requires
vegetativ
e cover
and ants.
Suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species
has the
potential
to be
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Polioptila
californica
californica
coastal
California
gnatcatcher
Birds Threatened None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern
Coastal
bluff scrub
| Coastal
scrub
Obligate,
permanent
resident of
coastal sage
scrub below
2500 ft in
Southern
California.
Low,
coastal
sage
scrub in
arid
washes,
on mesas
and
slopes.
Not all
areas
classified
as coastal
sage
scrub are
occupied.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
1 Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Polioptila
melanura
black-tailed
gnatcatcher
Birds None None
CDFW_WLWatch List
| IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Primarily
inhabits
wooded
desert wash
habitats;
also occurs
in desert
scrub
habitat,
especially in
winter.
Nests in
desert
washes
containin
g
mesquite,
palo
verde,
ironwood,
acacia;
absent
from
areas
where
salt cedar
introduce
d.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Progne subis
purple
martin
Birds None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Broadleave
d upland
forest |
Lower
montane
coniferous
forest
Inhabits
woodlands,
low
elevation
coniferous
forest of
Douglas-fir,
ponderosa
pine, and
Monterey
pine.
Nests in
old
woodpeck
er cavities
mostly;
also in
humanmade
structures
. Nest
often
located in
tall,
isolated
tree/snag.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Pyrocephalus
rubinus
vermilion
flycatcher
Birds None None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Marsh &
swamp |
Riparian
forest |
Riparian
scrub |
Riparian
woodland
| Wetland
During
nesting,
inhabits
desert
riparian
adjacent to
irrigated
fields,
irrigation
ditches,
pastures,
and other
open, mesic
areas.
Nest in
cottonwo
od,
willow,
mesquite,
and other
large
desert
riparian
trees.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Rana
draytonii
California
red-legged
frog
Amphibians Threatened None
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_VUVulnerable
Aquatic |
Artificial
flowing
waters |
Artificial
standing
waters |
Freshwater
marsh |
Marsh &
swamp |
Riparian
forest |
Riparian
scrub |
Riparian
woodland
|
Sacrament
o/San
Joaquin
flowing
waters |
Sacrament
o/San
Joaquin
standing
waters |
South
Lowlands
and foothills
in or near
permanent
sources of
deep water
with dense,
shrubby or
emergent
riparian
vegetation.
Requires
11-20
weeks of
permanen
t water
for larval
developm
ent. Must
have
access to
estivation
habitat.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
1 Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Rana
muscosa
southern
mountain
yellowlegged frog
Amphibians Endangered Endangered
CDFW_WLWatch List
| IUCN_ENEndangered
| USFS_SSensitive
Aquatic
Disjunct
populations
known from
southern
Sierras
(northern
DPS) and
San Gabriel,
San
Bernardino,
and San
Jacinto
Mtns
(southern
DPS). Found
at 1,000 to
12,000 ft in
lakes and
creeks that
stem from
springs and
snowmelt.
May
overwinter
under
frozen
lakes.
Often
encounter
ed within
a few feet
of water.
Tadpoles
may
require 2 -
4 yrs to
complete
their
aquatic
developm
ent.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
1 Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Stenopelmatu
s cahuilaensis
Coachella
Valley
jerusalem
cricket
Insects None None
IUCN_VUVulnerableDesert
dunes
Inhabits a
small
segment of
the sand
and dune
areas of the
Coachella
Valley, in
the vicinity
of Palm
Springs.
Found in
the large,
undulatin
g dunes
piled up
at the
north
base of
Mt San
Jacinto.
Suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species
has the
potential
to be
present.
Toxostoma
crissale
Crissal
thrasher
Birds None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern
Riparian
woodland
Resident of
southeaster
n deserts in
desert
riparian and
desert wash
habitats.
Nests in
dense
vegetatio
n along
streams/
washes;
mesquite,
screwbea
n
mesquite,
ironwood,
catclaw,
acacia,
arrowwee
d, willow.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Toxostoma
lecontei
Le Conte's
thrasher
Birds None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern |
IUCN_LCLeast
Concern |
USFWS_BC
C-Birds of
Conservatio
n Concern
Desert
wash |
Mojavean
desert
scrub |
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Desert
resident;
primarily of
open desert
wash,
desert
scrub, alkali
desert
scrub, and
desert
succulent
scrub
habitats.
Commonl
y nests in
a dense,
spiny
shrub or
densely
branched
cactus in
desert
wash
habitat,
usually 2-
8 feet
above
ground.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
Uma inornata
Coachella
Valley fringetoed lizardReptiles Threatened Endangered IUCN_ENEndangered
Desert
dunes |
Desert
wash
Limited to
sandy areas
in the
Coachella
Valley,
Riverside
County.
Requires
fine,
loose,
windblow
n sand
(for
burrowing
),
interspers
ed with
hardpan
and
widelyspaced
desert
shrubs.
Suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species
has the
potential
to be
present.
1 Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Taxon Group Federal List State List
Other
Status
Habitats
General
Habitat
Micro
Habitat
Presence/
Absence
Vireo bellii
pusillus
least Bell's
vireo
Birds Endangered Endangered
Riparian
forest |
Riparian
scrub |
Riparian
woodland
Summer
resident of
Southern
California in
low riparian
in vicinity of
water or in
dry river
bottoms;
below 2000
ft.
Nests
placed
along
margins
of bushes
or on
twigs
projecting
into
pathways,
usually
willow,
Baccharis,
mesquite.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
1 Xerospermop
hilus
tereticaudus
chlorus
Palm Springs
round-tailed
ground
squirrel
Mammals None None
BLM_SSensitive |
CDFW_SSCSpecies of
Special
Concern
Chenopod
scrub |
Sonoran
desert
scrub
Restricted
to the
Coachella
Valley.
Prefers
desert
succulent
scrub,
desert
wash,
desert
scrub, alkali
scrub, and
levees.
Prefers
open, flat,
grassy
areas in
finetextured,
sandy soil.
Density
correlated
with
winter
rainfall.
No
suitable
habitat
occurs on
site. This
species is
not
present.
11 APPENDIX C
View of creosote bush scrub. View looking
northwest.
View of project site followed by neighboring
single-family community to the south. View
looking southwest.
View of aeolian features on site. View looking
west.
View of honey mesquite (Prosopis
glandulosa) on site followed by Verano
Road. View looking southwest.
View of California sagebrush (Ambrosia
dumosa) and creosote (Larrea tridentata) on
site. View looking east.
View of sand dune where impacts will occur.
View looking south.
APPENDIX D
Soil Map—Riverside County, Coachella Valley Area, California (Property Line)
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
7/12/2023