Colton City Council
March 3, 2026

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ACTIVITIES EXEMPT FROM CEQA

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-24 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP For purposes of this section, the following definitions apply:

A “well” is defined as a wellhead that provides drinking water to a “water system.” A “domestic well” is defined as a groundwater well used to supply water for the domestic needs of an individual residence or a water system that is not a public water system and that has no more than four service connections.

A “water system” is defined to mean a “public water system” as that term is defined in Health and Safety Code section 116275(h) (i.e., a system for the provision of water for human consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances that has 15 or more service connections or regularly serves at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days out of the year), a “state small water system” as that term is defined in Health and Safety Code section 116275(n) (i.e., a system for the provision of piped water to the public for human consumption that serves at least five, but not more than 14, service connections and does not regularly serve drinking water to more than an average of 25 individuals daily for more than 60 days out of the year), or a tribal water system.
(Pub. Resources Code, § 21080.31 [in effect until January 1, 2028].)

3.24 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE OF STORMWATER FACILITIES
CEQA does not apply to routine maintenance of public stormwater facilities that are fully concrete or have a conveyance capacity of less than a 100-year storm event if all of the following conditions are met:
(1) The project does not increase the designed conveyance capacity of the stormwater facility.
(2) The project is undertaken or approved by a public agency that has adopted, by ordinance, procedures that apply to the project to minimize the impacts of construction equipment, debris, sediment, and other pollutants. (3) The project is not likely to result in adverse impacts to tribal cultural resources.

Under this bill, if a nonelected decision making body of a city with a population of at least 1,000,000 determines that such a routine maintenance project is exempt from CEQA, that determination may not be appealed to the agency’s elected decision making body.

This section will remain in effect until January 1, 2030, and as of that date, is repealed. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21080.61.)

3.25 SMALL DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM AND STATE SMALL WATER SYSTEM.

CEQA does not apply to certain water infrastructure projects that primarily benefit a “small disadvantaged community water system” or a “state small water system,” as these terms are

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ACTIVITIES EXEMPT FROM CEQA

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-25 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP defined in Public Resources Code section 21080.47. If certain labor requirements and other conditions are met as set forth in Public Resources Code section 21080.47, the installation, repair, or construction of the following for the benefit of a small disadvantaged community water system or state small water system is exempt from CEQA:

(1) Drinking water groundwater wells with a maximum flow rate of up to 250 gallons per minute;

(2) Drinking water treatment facilities with a footprint of less than 2,500 square feet that are not located in an environmentally sensitive area;

(3) Drinking water storage tanks with a capacity of up to 250,000 gallons;

(4) Booster pumps and hydropneumatic tanks;

(5) Pipelines of less than one mile in length in a road right-of-way or up to seven miles in length in a road right-of-way when the project is required to address threatened or current drinking water violations;

(6) Water services lines; and

(7) Minor drinking water system appurtenances, including, but not limited to, system and service meters, fire hydrants, water quality sampling stations, valves, air releases and vacuum break valves, emergency generators, backflow prevention devices, and appurtenance enclosures.

(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21080.47.)

3.26 CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION OF CALIFORNIA NATIVE FISH AND WILDLIFE. (a) CEQA does not apply to a project that is exclusively one of the following (though a project may exclusively be one of the following even if it has incidental public benefits, such as public access or recreation) and meets the criteria set forth in subdivision (b) of this section:

(1) A project to conserve, restore, protect, or enhance, and assist in the recovery of California native fish and wildlife, and the habitat upon which they depend.

(2) A project to restore or provide habitat for California native fish and wildlife.

(b) This section does not apply to a project unless the project does both of the following:

(1) Results in long-term net benefits to climate resiliency, biodiversity, and sensitive species recovery; and

(2) Includes procedures and ongoing management for the protection of the environment.

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-26 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP

(c) This section does not apply to a project that includes construction activities, except for construction activities solely related to habitat restoration.

(d) The lead agency shall obtain the concurrence of the Director of Fish and Wildlife for the determinations required pursuant to subdivisions (a) through (c) above.

(e) Within 48 hours of making a determination that a project is exempt pursuant to this section, the lead agency shall file a Notice of Exemption with the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation, and the Department of Fish and Wildlife must post the concurrence of the Director of Fish and Wildlife on the department’s website.

This exemption is in effect until January 1, 2025. (Pub. Resources Code, § 21080.56.)

3.27 LINEAR BROADBAND DEPLOYMENT IN A RIGHT-OF-WAY.
(a) CEQA does not apply to a project that consists of linear broadband deployment in a right-of-way if the project meets all of the following conditions:
(1) The project is located in an area identified by the Public Utilities Commission as a component of the statewide open-access middle-mile broadband network pursuant to Section 11549.54 of the Government Code. (2) The project is constructed along, or within 30 feet of, the right-of-way of any public road or highway.

(3) The project is either deployed underground where the surface area is restored to a condition existing before the project or placed aerially along an existing utility pole right-of-way.

(4) The project incorporates, as a condition of project approval, measures developed by the Public Utilities Commission or the Department of Transportation to address potential environmental impacts. At a minimum, the project shall be required to include monitors during construction activities and measures to avoid or address impacts to cultural and biological resources.

(5) The project applicant agrees to comply with all conditions otherwise authorized by law, imposed by the planning department of a city or county as part of a local agency permit process, that are required to mitigate potential impacts of the proposed project, and to comply with the Keene- Nejedly California Wetlands Preservation Act (Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 5810) of Division 5), the California Endangered Species Act (Chapter 1.5 (commencing with Section 2050) of Division 3 of the Fish and Game Code), as applicable, other applicable state laws, and all applicable federal laws.

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-27 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (b) If a project meets all of the requirements of subdivision (a), the project applicant shall do all of the following:

(1) Notify, in writing, any affected public agency, including, but not limited to, any public agency having permit, land use, environmental, public health protection, or emergency response authority, of the exemption of the project pursuant to this section.

(2) File a Notice of Exemption.

(3) In the case of private rights-of-way over private property, receive from the underlying property owner permission for access to the property.

(4) Comply with all conditions authorized by law imposed by the planning department of a city or county as part of any local agency permit process, that are required to mitigate potential impacts of the proposed project, and otherwise comply with the Keene-Nejedly California Wetlands Preservation Act (Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 5810) of Division 5), the California Endangered Species Act (Chapter 1.5 (commencing with Section 2050) of Division 3 of the Fish and Game Code), as applicable, other applicable state laws, and all applicable federal laws.

(Pub. Resources Code, § 21080.51.)

3.28 NEEDLE AND SYRINGE EXCHANGE SERVICES.

The Legislature has authorized cities and counties meeting certain requirements to apply to the State Department of Public Health for authorization to provide hypodermic needle and syringe exchange services consistent with state standards in any location where the State Department of Public Health determines that the conditions exist for the rapid spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), viral hepatitis, or any other potentially deadly or disabling infections that are spread through the sharing of used hypodermic needles and syringes. (Health and Safety Code, § 121349.) Needle and syringe exchange services application submissions, authorizations, and operations performed pursuant to Health and Safety Code section 121349 are exempt from review under CEQA. (Health and Safety Code, § 121349(h).)

3.29 REPRODUCTIVE SERVICES COMMUNITY CLINIC
CEQA does not apply to the approval of an application of a community clinic providing reproductive health services if the application meets objective planning standards and is subject to the ministerial review process set forth in Government Code section 65914.900. The following objective planning standards must be satisfied for the development project to qualify for the ministerial approval:
(1) the development must be on a parcel that is within a zone where office, retail, health care, or parking are a principally permitted use;

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ACTIVITIES EXEMPT FROM CEQA

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-28 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (2) the development must be for a community clinic licensed pursuant to Section 1204 of the Health and Safety Code that provides reproductive health services as defined in subdivision (f) of Section 423.1 of the Penal Code;

(3) the development must comply with minimum construction standards of adequacy and safety for the physical plant of primary care clinics found in the Building Standards Code;
(4) the development must meet all of the local agency’s objective design review standards;

(5) the development must not require the demolition of a historic structure;

(6) the development must not be located on a site described in paragraph (6) of subdivision (a) of Section 65913.4 of the Government Code;

(7) the project must not bet likely to result in adverse impacts to tribal cultural resources; and

(8) the development must not require the demolition of housing.

A local agency, within 60 calendar days of receiving an application pursuant to these provisions, must approve or deny the application subject to specified requirements, including that, among other things, if the local agency determines that the development is in conflict with any of the above-described standards, the local agency is required to provide the development proponent written documentation of which standard or standards the development conflicts with, as specified.

For more information about these requirements, consult Government Code, section 65914.900.

3.30 OTHER SPECIFIC EXEMPTIONS.

CEQA and the State CEQA Guidelines exempt many other specific activities, including early activities related to thermal power plants, ongoing projects, transportation improvement programs, family day care homes, congestion management programs, railroad grade separation projects, restriping of streets or highways to relieve traffic congestion, hazardous or volatile liquid pipelines, and the installation of solar energy systems, including, but not limited to solar panels.

Specific statutory exemptions are listed in the Public Resources Code, including Sections 21080 through 21080.35, and in the State CEQA Guidelines, including Sections 15260 through 15285.

In addition, other titles of the California Codes provide statutory exemptions from CEQA, including, for example, Government Code section 12012.70.

3.31 CATEGORICAL EXEMPTIONS.

The State CEQA Guidelines establish certain classes of categorical exemptions. These apply to classes of projects which have been determined not to have a significant effect on the environment and which, therefore, are generally exempt from CEQA. For any project that falls

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ACTIVITIES EXEMPT FROM CEQA

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-29 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP within one of these classes of categorical exemptions, the preparation of environmental documents under CEQA is not required. The classes of projects are briefly summarized below. (Reference to the State CEQA Guidelines for the full description of each exemption is recommended.) The exemptions for Classes 3, 4, 5, 6, and 11 below are qualified in that such projects must be considered in light of the location of the project. A project that is ordinarily insignificant in its impact on the environment may, in a particularly sensitive environment, be significant. Therefore, these classes are considered to apply in all instances except when the project may impact an environmental resource of hazardous or critical concern that has been designated, precisely mapped, and officially adopted pursuant to law by federal, state, or local agencies.

All classes of categorical exemptions are qualified. None of the categorical exemptions are applicable if any of the following circumstances exist:
(1) The cumulative impact of successive projects of the same type in the same place over time is significant;
(2) There is a reasonable possibility that the activity will have a significant effect on the environment due to unusual circumstances;
(3) The project may result in damage to a scenic resource or may result in a substantial adverse change to a historical resource; or
(4) The project is located on a site which is included on any hazardous waste site or list compiled pursuant to Government Code section 65962.5.

However, a project’s greenhouse gas emissions do not, in and of themselves, cause an exemption to be inapplicable if the project otherwise complies with all applicable regulations or requirements adopted to implement statewide, regional, or local plans consistent with State CEQA Guidelines section 15183.5.

With the foregoing limitations in mind, the following classes of activity are generally exempt from CEQA:

Class 1: Existing Facilities. Activities involving the operation, repair, maintenance, permitting, leasing, licensing, minor alteration of—or legislative activities to regulate—existing public or private structures, facilities, mechanical equipment or other property, or topographical features, provided the activity involves negligible or no expansion of existing or former use. The types of “existing facilities” itemized in State CEQA Guidelines section 15301 are not intended to be all-inclusive of the types of projects which might fall within the Class 1 categorical exemption.

The key consideration is whether the project involves negligible or no expansion of use. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15301.)
Class 2: Replacement or Reconstruction. Replacement or reconstruction of existing facilities, structures, or other property where the new facility or structure will be located on the same site as the replaced or reconstructed facility or structure and will have substantially the same purpose and capacity as the replaced or reconstructed facility or structure. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15302.)

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ACTIVITIES EXEMPT FROM CEQA

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-30 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP Class 3: New Construction or Conversion of Small Structures. Construction of limited numbers of small new facilities or structures; installation of small new equipment or facilities in small structures; and the conversion of existing small structures from one use to another, when only minor modifications are made in the exterior of the structure. This exemption includes structures built for both residential and commercial uses. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15303 outlines, among other things, the maximum number of structures allowable under this exemption.) Class 4: Minor Alterations to Land. Minor alterations in the condition of land, water, and/or vegetation which do not involve removal of healthy, mature, scenic trees, except for forestry or agricultural purposes. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15304.) Class 5: Minor Alterations in Land Use Limitations. Minor alterations in land use limitations in areas with an average slope of less than 20% which do not result in any changes in land use or density. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15305.) Class 6: Information Collection. Basic data collection, research, experimental management, and resource evaluation activities which do not result in a serious or major disturbance to an environmental resource. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15306.) Class 7: Actions by Regulatory Agencies for Protection of Natural Resources. Actions taken by regulatory agencies as authorized by state law or local ordinance to assure the maintenance, restoration, or enhancement of a natural resource where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the environment. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15307.) Class 8: Actions By Regulatory Agencies for Protection of the Environment. Actions taken by regulatory agencies, as authorized by state or local ordinance, to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement or protection of the environment where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the environment. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15308.) Class 9: Inspection. Inspection activities, including, but not limited to, inquiries into the performance of an operation and examinations of the quality, health or safety of a project. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15309.)
Class 10: Loans. Loans made by the Department of Veterans Affairs under the Veterans Farm and Home Purchase Act of 1943, mortgages for the purchase of existing structures where the loan will not be used for new construction and the purchase of such mortgages by financial institutions. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15310.)
Class 11: Accessory Structures. Construction or replacement of minor structures accessory or appurtenant to existing commercial, industrial, or institutional facilities, including, but not limited to, on-premise signs; small parking lots; and placement of seasonal or temporary use items, such as lifeguard towers, mobile food units, portable restrooms or similar items in generally the same locations from time to time in publicly owned parks, stadiums or other facilities designed for public use. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15311.) Class 12: Surplus Government Property Sales. Sales of surplus government property, except for certain parcels of land located in an area of statewide, regional or area-wide concern

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ACTIVITIES EXEMPT FROM CEQA

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-31 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP identified in State CEQA Guidelines section 15206(b)(4). However, even if the surplus property to be sold is located in any of those areas, its sale is exempt if:
(a) The property does not have significant values for wildlife or other environmental purposes; and
(b) Any one of the following three conditions is met:

1. The property is of such size, shape, or inaccessibility that it is incapable of independent development or use;

2. The property to be sold would qualify for an exemption under any other class of categorical exemption in the State CEQA Guidelines; or

3. The use of the property and adjacent property has not changed since the time of purchase by the public agency.
(State CEQA Guidelines, § 15312.)
Class 13: Acquisition of Lands for Wildlife Conservation Purposes. Acquisition of lands for fish and wildlife conservation purposes, including preservation of fish and wildlife habitat, establishment of ecological preserves under Fish and Game Code section 1580, and preservation of access to public lands and waters where the purpose of the acquisition is to preserve the land in its natural condition. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15313.) Class 14: Minor Additions to Schools. Minor additions to existing schools within existing school grounds where the addition does not increase original student capacity by more than 25% or ten (10) classrooms, whichever is less. The addition of portable classrooms is included in this exemption. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15314.)
Class 15: Minor Land Divisions. Division(s) of property in urbanized areas zoned for residential, commercial or industrial use into four or fewer parcels when the division is in conformance with the General Plan and zoning, no variances or exceptions are required, all services and access to the proposed parcels to local standards are available, the parcel was not involved in a division of a larger parcel within the previous two (2) years, and the parcel does not have an average slope greater than 20%. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15315.) Class 16: Transfer of Ownership of Land in Order to Create Parks. Acquisition, sale, or other transfer of land in order to establish a park where the land is in a natural condition or contains historical or archaeological resources and either:
(a) The management plan for the park has not been prepared, or (b) The management plan proposes to keep the area in a natural condition or preserve the historic or archaeological resources.

CEQA will apply when a management plan is proposed that will change the area from its natural condition or cause substantial adverse change in the significance of the historic or archaeological resource. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15316.) Class 17: Open Space Contracts or Easements. Establishment of agricultural preserves, making and renewing of open space contracts under the Williamson Act, or acceptance of easements or fee interests in order to maintain the open space character of the area. (The

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-32 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP cancellation of such preserves, contracts, interests or easements is not included in this exemption.) (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15317.)
Class 18: Designation of Wilderness Areas. Designation of wilderness areas under the California Wilderness System. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15318.) Class 19: Annexations of Existing Facilities and Lots for Exempt Facilities. This exemption applies only to the following annexations:

(a) Annexations to a city or special district of areas containing existing public or private structures developed to the density allowed by the current zoning or prezoning of either the gaining or losing governmental agency, whichever is more restrictive; provided, however, that the extension of utility services to the existing facilities would have a capacity to serve only the existing facilities; and (b) Annexations of individual small parcels of the minimum size for facilities exempted by Class 3, New Construction or Conversion of Small Structures. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15319.)
Class 20: Changes in Organization of Local Agencies. Changes in the organization of local governmental agencies where the changes do not change the geographical area in which previously existing powers are exercised. Examples include but are not limited to:
(a) Establishment of a subsidiary district;
(b) Consolidation of two or more districts having identical powers; and (c) Merger with a city of a district lying entirely within the boundaries of the city. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15320.)
Class 21: Enforcement Actions by Regulatory Agencies. Actions by regulatory agencies to enforce or revoke a lease, permit, license, certificate or other entitlement for use issued, adopted or prescribed by the regulatory agency or enforcement of a law, general rule, standard or objective administered or adopted by the regulatory agency; or law enforcement activities by peace officers acting under any law that provides a criminal sanction. The direct referral of a violation of lease, permit, license, certificate, or entitlement to the City Attorney for judicial enforcement is exempt under this Class. (Construction activities undertaken by the public agency taking the enforcement or revocation action are not included in this exemption.) (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15321.) Class 22: Educational or Training Programs Involving No Physical Changes. The adoption, alteration or termination of educational or training programs which involve no physical alteration in the area affected or which involve physical changes only in the interior of existing school or training structures. Examples include but are not limited to:
(a) Development of or changes in curriculum or training methods; or (b) Changes in the trade structure in a school which do not result in changes in student transportation. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15322.)

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-33 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP Class 23: Normal Operations of Facilities for Public Gatherings. Continued or repeated normal operations of existing facilities for public gatherings for which the facilities were designed, where there is past history, of at least three years, of the facility being used for the same or similar purposes. Facilities included within this exemption include, but are not limited to, race tracks, stadiums, convention centers, auditoriums, amphitheaters, planetariums, swimming pools and amusement parks. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15323.)
Class 24: Regulation of Working Conditions. Actions taken by the City to regulate employee wages, hours of work or working conditions where there will be no demonstrable physical changes outside the place of work. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15324.) Class 25: Transfers of Ownership of Interest in Land to Preserve Existing Natural Conditions and Historical Resources. Transfers of ownership of interest in land in order to preserve open space, habitat, or historical resources. Examples include, but are not limited to, acquisition, sale, or other transfer of areas to: preserve existing natural conditions, including plant or animal habitats; allow continued agricultural use of the areas; allow restoration of natural conditions; preserve open space or lands for natural park purposes; or prevent encroachment of development into floodplains. This exemption does not apply to the development of parks or park uses. (State CEQA Guidelines § 15325.)
Class 26: Acquisition of Housing for Housing Assistance Programs. Actions by a redevelopment agency, housing authority or other public agency to implement an adopted Housing Assistance Plan by acquiring an interest in housing units, provided the housing units are either in existence or possessing all required permits for construction when the agency makes its final decision to acquire the units. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15326.) Class 27: Leasing New Facilities. Leasing of a newly constructed or previously unoccupied privately owned facility by a local or state agency when the City determines that the proposed use of the facility:
(a) Conforms with existing state plans and policies and with general, community, and specific plans for which an EIR or Negative Declaration has been prepared; (b) Is substantially the same as that originally proposed at the time the building permit was issued;
(c) Does not result in a traffic increase of greater than 10% of front access road capacity; and
(d) Includes the provision of adequate employee and visitor parking facilities. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15327.)
Class 28: Small Hydroelectric Projects as Existing Facilities. Installation of certain small hydroelectric-generating facilities in connection with existing dams, canals and pipelines, subject to the conditions in State CEQA Guidelines section 15328. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15328.) Class 29: Cogeneration Projects at Existing Facilities. Installation of cogeneration equipment with a capacity of 50 megawatts or less at existing facilities meeting certain conditions listed in State CEQA Guidelines, § 15329. (State CEQA Guidelines section 15329.)

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-34 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP Class 30: Minor Actions to Prevent, Minimize, Stabilize, Mitigate or Eliminate the Release or Threat of Release of Hazardous Waste or Hazardous Substances. Any minor cleanup actions taken to prevent, minimize, stabilize, mitigate, or eliminate the release or threat of release of a hazardous waste or substance which are small or medium removal actions costing $1 million or less.
(a) No cleanup action shall be subject to this Class 30 exemption if the action requires the onsite use of a hazardous waste incinerator or thermal treatment unit or the relocation of residences or businesses, or the action involves the potential release into the air of volatile organic compounds as defined in Health and Safety Code section 25123.6, except for small scale in situ soil vapor extraction and treatment systems which have been permitted by the local Air Pollution Control District or Air Quality Management District. All actions must be consistent with applicable state and local environmental permitting requirements including, but not limited to, off-site disposal, air quality rules such as those governing volatile organic compounds and water quality standards, and approved by the regulatory body with jurisdiction over the site;
(b) Examples of such minor cleanup actions include but are not limited to:

1. Removal of sealed, non-leaking drums of hazardous waste or substances that have been stabilized, containerized and are designated for a lawfully permitted destination;

2. Maintenance or stabilization of berms, dikes, or surface impoundments;

3. Construction or maintenance or interim of temporary surface caps;

4. Onsite treatment of contaminated soils or sludge provided treatment system meets Title 22 requirements and local air district requirements;

5. Excavation and/or offsite disposal of contaminated soils or sludge in regulated units;

6. Application of dust suppressants or dust binders to surface soils;

7. Controls for surface water run-on and run-off that meets seismic safety standards;

8. Pumping of leaking ponds into an enclosed container;

9. Construction of interim or emergency ground water treatment systems; or

10. Posting of warning signs and fencing for a hazardous waste or substance site that meets legal requirements for protection of wildlife. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15330.)
Class 31: Historical Resource Restoration/Rehabilitation. Maintenance, repairs, stabilization, rehabilitation, restoration, preservation, conservation, or reconstruction of historical resources in a manner consistent with the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring, and Reconstructing Historic Buildings (1995), Weeks and Grimmer. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15331.)
Class 32: Infill Development Projects. Infill development meeting the following conditions:

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ACTIVITIES EXEMPT FROM CEQA

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 3-35 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (a) The project is consistent with the applicable general plan designation and all applicable general plan policies as well as with applicable zoning designation and regulations;
(b) The proposed development occurs within city limits on a project site of no more than five acres substantially surrounded by urban uses; (c) The project site has no value as habitat for endangered, rare or threatened species; (d) Approval of the project would not result in any significant effects relating to traffic, noise, air quality, or water quality; and
(e) The site can be adequately served by all required utilities and public services. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15332.)
Class 33: Small Habitat Restoration Projects.

This exemption applies to projects to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement, or protection of habitat for fish, plants, or wildlife, provided that such projects meet the following criteria:
(a) The project does not exceed five acres in size;
(b) There would be no significant adverse impact on endangered, rare or threatened species or their habitat pursuant to Section 15065 of the State CEQA Guidelines;

(c) There are no hazardous materials at or around the project site that may be disturbed or removed; and

(d) The project will not result in impacts that are significant when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects.

Examples of small habitat restoration projects include, but are not limited to: revegetation of disturbed areas with native plant species; wetland restoration, the primary purpose of which is to improve conditions for waterfowl or other species that rely on wetland habitat; stream or river bank revegetation, the primary purpose of which is to improve habitat for amphibians or native fish; projects to restore or enhance habitat that are carried out principally with hand labor and not mechanized equipment; stream or river bank stabilization with native vegetation or other bioengineering techniques, the primary purpose of which is to reduce or eliminate erosion and sedimentation; and culvert replacement conducted in accordance with published guidelines of DFW or NOAA Fisheries, the primary purpose of which is to improve habitat or reduce sedimentation.
(State CEQA Guidelines, § 15333.)

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 4-1 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP

4. TIME LIMITATIONS

4.01 REVIEW OF PRIVATE PROJECT APPLICATIONS.

Staff shall determine whether the application for a private project is complete within thirty (30) days of receipt of the application. No application may be deemed incomplete based on an applicant’s refusal to waive the time limitations set forth in Local Guidelines Sections 4.03 and

4.04. Accepting an application as complete does not limit the authority of the City, acting as Lead Agency or Responsible Agency, to require the applicant to submit additional information needed for environmental evaluation of the project. Requiring such additional information after the application is complete does not change the status of the application. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15101.)

4.02 DETERMINATION OF TYPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT.

Except as provided in Local Guidelines Sections 4.05 and 4.06, Staff’s initial determination as to whether a Negative Declaration, Mitigated Negative Declaration or an EIR should be prepared shall be made within thirty (30) days from the date on which an application for a project is accepted as complete by the City. This period may be extended fifteen (15) days with consent of the applicant and the City.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15102.)

4.03 COMPLETION AND ADOPTION OF NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

For private projects involving the issuance of a lease, permit, license, certificate, or other entitlement for use by one or more public agencies, the Negative Declaration/Mitigated Negative Declaration shall be completed and approved within one hundred eighty (180) days from the date when the City accepted the application as complete. In the event that compelling circumstances justify additional time and the project applicant and Lead Agency consent thereto, Staff may provide that the 180-day time limit may be extended once for a period of not more than 90 days. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15107.)

4.04 COMPLETION AND CERTIFICATION OF FINAL EIR.

For private projects, the Final EIR shall be completed and certified by the City within one (1) year after the date the City accepted the application as complete. In the event that compelling circumstances justify additional time and the project applicant consents thereto, the City may provide a one-time extension up to ninety (90) days for completing and certifying the EIR. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15108.)

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4.05 PROJECTS SUBJECT TO THE PERMIT STREAMLINING ACT.

The Permit Streamlining Act requires agencies to make decisions on certain development project approvals within specified time limits. If a project is subject to the Permit Streamlining Act, the City cannot require the project applicant to submit the informational equivalent of an EIR or prove compliance with CEQA as a prerequisite to determining whether the project application is complete. In addition, if requested by the project applicant, the City must begin processing the project application prior to final CEQA action, provided the information necessary to begin the process is available.
(Reference: Gov. Code §§ 65941, 65944.)
Under the Permit Streamlining Act, the Lead Agency must approve or disapprove the development project application within one hundred eighty (180) days from the date on which it certifies the EIR, or within ninety (90) days of certification if an extension for completing and certifying the EIR was granted. If the Lead Agency adopts a Negative Declaration/Mitigated Negative Declaration or determines the development project is exempt from CEQA, it shall approve or disapprove the project application within sixty (60) days from the date on which it adopts the Negative Declaration/Mitigated Negative Declaration or determines that the project is exempt from CEQA.
(Reference: Gov. Code §§ 65950, 65950.1; see also State CEQA Guidelines, § 15107.) Except for waivers of the time periods for preparing a joint Environmental Impact Report/Environmental Impact Statement (as outlined in Government Code sections 65951 and 65957), the City cannot require a waiver of the time limits specified in the Permit Streamlining Act as a condition of accepting or processing a development project application. In addition, the City cannot disapprove a development project application in order to comply with the time limits specified in the Permit Streamlining Act.
(Reference: Gov. Code §§ 65940.5, 65952.2.)

4.06 PROJECTS, OTHER THAN THOSE SUBJECT TO THE PERMIT STREAMLINING ACT, WITH SHORT TIME PERIODS FOR APPROVAL.

A few statutes require agencies to make decisions on project applications within time limits that are so short that review of the project under CEQA would be difficult. To enable the City as Lead Agency to comply with both the enabling statute and CEQA, the City shall deem a project application as not received for filing under the enabling statute until such time as the environmental documentation required by CEQA is complete. This section applies where all of the following conditions are met:
(a) The enabling statute for a program, other than development projects under Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 65920) of Division 1 of Title 7 of the Government Code, requires the City to take action on an application within a specified period of time of six (6) months or less;
(b) The enabling statute provides that the project is approved by operation of law if the City fails to take any action within the specified time period; and

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 4-3 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (c) The project application involves the City’s issuance of a lease, permit, license, certificate or other entitlement for use.

In any case, the environmental document shall be completed or certified and the decision on the application shall be made within the period established by the Permit Streamlining Act (Government Code sections 65920, et seq.).
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15111.)

4.07 WAIVER OR SUSPENSION OF TIME PERIODS.

These deadlines may be waived by the applicant if the project is subject to both CEQA and the National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”).

An unreasonable delay by an applicant in meeting the City’s requests necessary for the preparation of a Negative Declaration, Mitigated Negative Declaration, or an EIR shall suspend the running of the time periods described in Local Guidelines Sections 4.03 and 4.04 for the period of the unreasonable delay. Alternatively, the City may disapprove a project application where there is unreasonable delay in meeting requests. The City may also allow a renewed application to start at the same point in the process where the prior application was when it was disapproved.

(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15109, 15110, and 15224; see Section 5.04 of these Local Guidelines for information about projects that are subject to both CEQA and NEPA.)

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5. INITIAL STUDY

5.01 PREPARATION OF INITIAL STUDY.

If the City determines that it is the Lead Agency for a project which is not exempt, the City will normally prepare an Initial Study to ascertain whether the project may have a substantial adverse effect on the environment, regardless of whether the overall effect of the project is adverse or beneficial. All phases of project planning, implementation and operation must be considered in the Initial Study. An Initial Study may rely on expert opinion supported by facts, technical studies or other substantial evidence. However, an Initial Study is neither intended nor required to include the level of detail included in an EIR.

The City, as Lead Agency, may use any of the following arrangements or combination of arrangements to prepare an Initial Study:
(1) Preparing the Initial Study directly with the City’s own staff. (2) Contracting with another entity, public or private, to prepare the Initial Study. (3) Accepting a draft Initial Study prepared by the applicant, a consultant retained by the applicant, or any other third person.
(4) Executing a third party contract or memorandum of understanding with the applicant to govern the preparation of an Initial Study by an independent contractor. (5) Using a previously prepared Initial Study.

The Initial Study sent out for public review, however, must reflect the independent judgment of the Lead Agency.

For private projects, the person or entity proposing to carry out the project shall complete Form “I” of these Local CEQA Guidelines, submit the completed Form “I” to the City, and submit all other data and information as may be required by the City to determine whether the proposed project may have a significant effect on the environment. All costs incurred by the City in reviewing the data and information submitted, or in conducting its own investigation based upon such data and information, or in preparing an Initial Study for the project shall be borne by the person or entity proposing to carry out the project.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15063, 15084.)

5.02 INFORMAL CONSULTATION WITH OTHER AGENCIES.

When more than one public agency will be involved in undertaking or approving a project, the Lead Agency shall consult with all Responsible and any Trustee Agencies. Such consultation shall be undertaken in compliance with the notice procedures applicable to the type of CEQA document being prepared. See Section 6.04, Negative Declarations, and Sections 7.03 and 7.25, EIRs.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-2 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP When the City is acting as Lead Agency, the City may choose to engage in early consultation with Responsible and Trustee Agencies before the City begins to prepare the Initial Study. This early consultation may be done quickly and informally and is intended to ensure that the EIR, Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration reflects the concerns of all Responsible Agencies that will issue approvals for the project and all Trustee Agencies responsible for natural resources affected by the project. The City’s early consultation process may include consultation with other individuals or organizations with an interest in the project, if the City so desires. The Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation (“LCI”), upon request of the City or a private project applicant, shall assist in identifying the various Responsible Agencies for a proposed project and ensure that the Responsible Agencies are notified regarding any early consultation. In the case of a project undertaken by a public agency, the LCI, upon request of the City, shall ensure that any Responsible Agency or public agency that has jurisdiction by law with respect to the project is notified regarding any early consultation.

If, during the early consultation process it is determined that the project will clearly have a significant effect on the environment, the City, as Lead Agency, may immediately dispense with the Initial Study and determine that an EIR is required. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15063.)

5.03 CONSULTATION WITH PRIVATE PROJECT APPLICANT.

During or immediately after preparation of an Initial Study for a private project, the City may consult with the applicant to determine if the applicant is willing to modify the project to reduce or avoid the significant effects identified in the Initial Study. If the project can be revised to avoid or mitigate effects to a level of insignificance and there is no substantial evidence before the City that the project, as revised, may have a significant effect on the environment, the City may prepare and adopt a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration. If any significant effect may still occur despite alterations of the project, an EIR must be prepared. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15063(g).)

5.04 PROJECTS SUBJECT TO NEPA.

Projects that are carried out, financed, or approved in whole or in part by a federal agency are subject to the provisions of NEPA in addition to CEQA. To the extent possible, the State CEQA Guidelines encourage the City, when it is a Lead Agency under CEQA, to use the federally- prepared Environmental Impact Statement (“EIS”) or Finding of No Significant Impact (“FONSI”) or to prepare a joint CEQA/NEPA document instead of preparing separate NEPA and CEQA documents for a project that is subject to both NEPA and CEQA. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15220.)
For example, the City should attempt to work in conjunction with the federal agency involved in the project to prepare a combined EIR-EIS or Negative Declaration-FONSI. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15222.) To avoid the need for the federal agency to prepare a separate document for the same project, the Lead Agency must involve the federal agency in the preparation of the joint document. The Lead Agency may also enter into a Memorandum of Understanding with the federal agency to ensure that both federal and state requirements are met.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-3 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP The City is required to cooperate with the federal agency and to utilize joint planning processes, environmental research and studies, public hearings, and environmental documents to the fullest extent possible. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15226.) However, since NEPA does not require an examination of mitigation measures or growth-inducing impacts, analysis of mitigation measures and growth-inducing impacts will need to be added before NEPA documents may be used to satisfy CEQA. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15221.) For projects that are subject to NEPA, a scoping meeting held pursuant to NEPA satisfies the CEQA scoping requirement as long as notice is provided to the agencies and individuals listed in Local Guidelines Section 7.10, and provided in accordance with these Local Guidelines.

If the federal agency refuses to cooperate with the City with regard to the preparation of joint documents, the City should attempt to involve a state agency in the preparation of the EIR, Negative Declaration, or Mitigated Negative Declaration. Since federal agencies are explicitly permitted to utilize environmental documents prepared by agencies of statewide jurisdiction, it is possible that the federal agency will reuse the state-prepared CEQA documents instead of requiring the applicant to fund a redundant set of federal environmental documents. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15228.)
Where the federal agency has circulated the EIS or FONSI and the circulation satisfied the requirements of CEQA and any other applicable laws, the City, when it is a Lead Agency under CEQA, may use the EIS or FONSI in place of an EIR or Negative Declaration without having to recirculate the federal documents. The City’s intention to adopt the previously circulated EIS or FONSI must be publicly noticed in the same way as a Notice of Availability of a Draft EIR.

Special rules may apply when the environmental documents are prepared for projects involving the reuse of military bases. (See State CEQA Guidelines, § 15225.)

5.05 AN INITIAL STUDY.

The Initial Study shall be used to determine whether a Negative Declaration, Mitigated Negative Declaration or an EIR shall be prepared for a project. It provides written documentation of whether the City found evidence of significant adverse impacts which might occur. The purposes of an Initial Study are to:
(a) Identify environmental impacts;
(b) Enable an applicant or Lead Agency to modify a project, mitigating adverse impacts before an EIR is written;
(c) Focus an EIR, if one is required, on potentially significant environmental effects; (d) Facilitate environmental assessment early in the design of a project; (e) Provide documentation of the factual basis for the finding in a Negative Declaration that a project will not have a significant effect on the environment; (f) Eliminate unnecessary EIRs; and
(g) Determine whether a previously prepared EIR could be used for the project. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15063.)

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5.06 CONTENTS OF INITIAL STUDY.

An Initial Study shall contain in brief form:
(a) A description of the project, including the location of the project. The project description must be consistent throughout the environmental review process; (b) An identification of the environmental setting. The environmental setting is usually the existing physical environmental conditions in the vicinity of the project, as they exist at the time the Notice of Preparation is published, or if no Notice of Preparation is published, such as in the case of a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, at the time environmental analysis begins. The environmental setting should describe both the project site and surrounding properties. The description should include, but not necessarily be limited to, a discussion of existing structures, land use, energy supplies, topography, water usage, soil stability, plants and animals, and any cultural, historical, or scenic aspects. This environmental setting will normally constitute the baseline physical conditions against which a Lead Agency may compare the project to determine whether an impact is significant;
(c) An identification of environmental effects by use of a checklist, matrix, or other method, provided that entries are briefly explained to show the evidence supporting the entries. The brief explanation may be through either a narrative or a reference to other information such as attached maps, photographs, or an earlier EIR or Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration. A reference to another document should include a citation to the page or pages where the information is found;
(d) A discussion of ways to mitigate any significant effects identified; (e) An examination of whether the project is consistent with existing zoning and local land use plans and other applicable land use controls;
(f) The name of the person or persons who prepared or participated in the Initial Study; and (g) Identification of prior EIRs or environmental documents that could be used with the project.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15063(d).)

5.07 USE OF A CHECKLIST INITIAL STUDY.

When properly completed, the Environmental Checklist (Form “J”) will meet the requirements of Local Guidelines Section 5.05 for an Initial Study provided that the entries on the checklist are explained. Either the Environmental Checklist (Form “J”) should be expanded or a separate attachment should be prepared to describe the project, including its location, and to identify the environmental setting.

California courts have rejected the use of a bare, unsupported Environmental Checklist as an Initial Study. An Initial Study must contain more than mere conclusions. It must disclose supporting data or evidence upon which the Lead Agency relied in conducting the Initial Study.

The Lead Agency must augment checklists with supporting factual data and reference information sources when completing the forms. Explanation of all “potential impact” answers should be provided on attached sheets. For controversial projects, it is advisable to state briefly why “no”

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-5 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP answers were checked. If practicable, attach a list of reference materials, such as prior EIRs, plans, traffic studies, air quality data, or other supporting studies.

5.08 EVALUATING SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS.

In evaluating the environmental significance of effects disclosed by the Initial Study, the Lead Agency shall consider:
(a) Whether the Initial Study and/or any comments received informally during consultations indicate that a fair argument can be made that the project may have a significant adverse environmental impact that cannot be mitigated to a level of insignificance. Even if a fair argument can be made to the contrary, an EIR should be prepared; (b) Whether both primary (direct) and reasonably foreseeable secondary (indirect) consequences of the project were evaluated. Primary consequences are immediately related to the project, while secondary consequences are related more to the primary consequences than to the project itself. For example, secondary impacts upon the resources base, including land, air, water and energy use of an area, may result from population growth, a primary impact;
(c) Whether adverse social and economic changes will result from a physical change caused by the project. Adverse economic and social changes resulting from a project are not, in themselves, significant environmental effects. However, if such adverse changes cause physical changes in the environment, those consequences may be used as the basis for finding that the physical change is significant;
(d) Whether there is serious public controversy or disagreement among experts over the environmental effects of the project. However, the existence of public controversy or disagreement among experts does not, without more, require preparation of an EIR in the absence of substantial evidence of significant effects; (e) Whether the cumulative impact of the project is significant and whether the incremental effects of the project are “cumulatively considerable” (as defined in Local Guidelines Section 11.13) when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, current projects, and probable future projects. The City may conclude that a project’s incremental contribution to a cumulative effect is not cumulatively considerable if the project will comply with the requirements in a previously approved plan or mitigation program (including, but not limited to, water quality control plan, air quality attainment or maintenance plan, integrated waste management plan, habitat conservation plan, natural community conservation plan, plans or regulations for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions) that provides specific requirements that will avoid or substantially lessen the cumulative problem. To be used for this purpose, such a plan or program must be specified in law or adopted by the public agency with jurisdiction over the affected resources through a public review process. In relying on such a plan or program, the City should explain which requirements apply to the project and ensure that the project’s incremental contribution is not cumulatively considerable; and
(f) Whether the project may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological or historical resource.

The City may use a threshold of significance (as that term is defined in State CEQA Guidelines section 15064.7) to determine whether a project may cause a significant environmental

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-6 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP impact. When using a threshold of significance, the City should briefly explain how compliance with the threshold means that the project’s impacts are less than significant. Compliance with the threshold, however, does not relieve the City of the obligation to consider substantial evidence indicating that a project’s environmental effects may still be significant. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15064(b)(2).)

5.09 DETERMINING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TRANSPORTATION IMPACTS On or about December 28, 2018, the California Natural Resources Agency added a new section to the State CEQA Guidelines—Section 15064.3, entitled “Determining the Significance of Transportation Impacts.”
Section 15064.3 provides:
(a) Purpose.

This section describes specific considerations for evaluating a project's transportation impacts. Generally, vehicle miles traveled is the most appropriate measure of transportation impacts. For the purposes of this section, “vehicle miles traveled” refers to the amount and distance of automobile travel attributable to a project. Other relevant considerations may include the effects of the project on transit and non-motorized travel. Except as provided in subdivision (b)(2) below (regarding roadway capacity), a project's effect on automobile delay shall not constitute a significant environmental impact.

(b) Criteria for Analyzing Transportation Impacts.

(1) Land Use Projects. Vehicle miles traveled exceeding an applicable threshold of significance may indicate a significant impact. Generally, projects within one-half mile of either an existing major transit stop or a stop along an existing high quality transit corridor should be presumed to cause a less than significant transportation impact. Projects that decrease vehicle miles traveled in the project area compared to existing conditions should be presumed to have a less than significant transportation impact.

(2) Transportation Projects. Transportation projects that reduce, or have no impact on, vehicle miles traveled should be presumed to cause a less than significant transportation impact. For roadway capacity projects, agencies have discretion to determine the appropriate measure of transportation impact consistent with CEQA and other applicable requirements. To the extent that such impacts have already been adequately addressed at a programmatic level, such as in a regional transportation plan EIR, a lead agency may tier from that analysis as provided in Section 15152.

(3) Qualitative Analysis. If existing models or methods are not available to estimate the vehicle miles traveled for the particular project being considered, a lead agency

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-7 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP may analyze the project's vehicle miles traveled qualitatively. Such a qualitative analysis would evaluate factors such as the availability of transit, proximity to other destinations, etc. For many projects, a qualitative analysis of construction traffic may be appropriate.

(4) Methodology. A lead agency has discretion to choose the most appropriate methodology to evaluate a project's vehicle miles traveled, including whether to express the change in absolute terms, per capita, per household or in any other measure. A lead agency may use models to estimate a project's vehicle miles traveled, and may revise those estimates to reflect professional judgment based on substantial evidence. Any assumptions used to estimate vehicle miles traveled and any revisions to model outputs should be documented and explained in the environmental document prepared for the project. The standard of adequacy in Section 15151 shall apply to the analysis described in this section.

(c) Applicability.

The provisions of this section shall apply prospectively as described in section 15007. A lead agency may elect to be governed by the provisions of this section immediately. Beginning on July 1, 2020, the provisions of this section shall apply statewide.

(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15064.3.)

5.10 MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANT EFFECT.

Whenever there is substantial evidence, in light of the whole record, that any of the conditions set forth below may occur, the Lead Agency shall find that the project may have a significant effect on the environment and thereby shall require preparation of an EIR:
(a) The project has the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal, or eliminate important examples of major periods of California history or prehistory;
(b) The project has the potential to achieve short-term environmental goals to the disadvantage of long-term environmental goals;
(c) The project has possible environmental effects which are individually limited but cumulatively considerable, as defined in Local Guidelines Section 11.13. That is, the City, when acting as Lead Agency, is required to determine whether the incremental impacts of a project are cumulatively considerable by evaluating them against the back-drop of the environmental effects of the other projects; or
(d) The environmental effects of a project will cause substantial adverse effects on humans either directly or indirectly.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-8 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP If, before the release of the CEQA document for public review, the potential for triggering one of the mandatory findings of significance is avoided or mitigation measures or project modifications reduce the potentially significant impacts to a point where clearly the mandatory finding of significance is not triggered, preparation of an EIR is not mandated. If the project’s potential for triggering one of the mandatory findings of significance cannot be avoided or mitigated to a point where the criterion is clearly not triggered, an EIR shall be prepared, and the relevant mandatory findings of significance shall be used:
(1) as thresholds of significance for purposes of preparing the EIR’s impact analysis; (2) in making findings on the feasibility of alternatives or mitigation measures; (3) when found to be feasible, in making changes in the project to lessen or avoid the adverse environmental impacts; and
(4) when necessary, in adopting a statement of overriding considerations.

Although an EIR prepared for a project that triggers one of the mandatory findings of significance must use the relevant mandatory findings as thresholds of significance, the EIR need not conclude that the impact itself is significant. Rather, the City, as Lead Agency, must exercise its discretion and determine, on a case-by-case basis after evaluating all of the relevant evidence, whether the project’s environmental impacts are avoided or mitigated below a level of significance or whether a statement of overriding considerations is required.

With regard to a project that has the potential to substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a protected species, the City, as Lead Agency, does not have to prepare an EIR solely due to that impact, provided the project meets the following three criteria:
(a) The project proponent must be bound to implement mitigation requirements relating to such species and habitat pursuant to an approved habitat conservation plan and/or natural communities conservation plan;
(b) The state or federal agency must have approved the habitat conservation plan and/or natural community conservation plan in reliance on an EIR and/or EIS; and (c) The mitigation requirements must either avoid any net loss of habitat and net reduction in number of the affected species, or preserve, restore, or enhance sufficient habitat to mitigate the reduction in habitat and number of the affected species below a level of significance.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15065.)

5.11 MANDATORY PREPARATION OF AN EIR FOR WASTE-BURNING PROJECTS.

Lead Agencies shall prepare or cause to be prepared and certify the completion of an EIR, or, if appropriate, an Addendum, Supplemental EIR, or Subsequent EIR, for any project involving the burning of municipal wastes, hazardous waste or refuse-derived fuel, including, but not limited to, tires, if the project consists of any of the following:
(a) The construction of a new facility;

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-9 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (b) The expansion of an existing hazardous waste burning facility which would increase its permitted capacity by more than 10%;
(c) The issuance of a hazardous waste facilities permit to a land disposal facility, as defined in Local Guidelines Section 11.32; or
(d) The issuance of a hazardous waste facilities permit to an offsite large treatment facility, as defined in Local Guidelines Sections 11.33 and 11.53.

This section does not apply to projects listed in subsections (c) and (d), immediately above, if the facility only manages hazardous waste that is identified or listed pursuant to Health and Safety Code section 25140 or 25141 or only conducts activities which are regulated pursuant to Health and Safety Code sections 25100, et seq.

The Lead Agency shall calculate the percentage of expansion for an existing facility by comparing the proposed facility’s capacity with either of the following, as applicable:
(a) The facility capacity authorized in the facility’s hazardous waste facilities permit pursuant to Health and Safety Code section 25200, or its grant of interim status pursuant to Health and Safety Code section 25200.5, or the facility capacity authorized in any state or local agency permit allowing the construction or operation of the facility for the burning of hazardous waste granted before January 1, 1990; or
(b) The facility capacity authorized in the facility’s original hazardous facilities permit, grant of interim status, or any state or local agency permit allowing the construction or operation of a facility for the burning of hazardous waste, granted on or after January 1, 1990.

This section does not apply to any project over which the State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission has assumed jurisdiction per Health and Safety Code sections 25500 et seq.

The EIR requirement is also subject to a number of exceptions for specific types of waste- burning projects. (Public Resources Code section 21151.1 and State CEQA Guidelines section 15081.5.) Even if preparation of an EIR is not mandatory for a particular type of waste-burning project, those projects are not exempt from the other requirements of CEQA, the State CEQA Guidelines, or these Local Guidelines. In addition, waste-burning projects are subject to special notice requirements under Public Resources Code section 21092. Specifically, in addition to the standard public notices required by CEQA, notice must be provided to all owners and occupants of property located within one-fourth mile of any parcel or parcels on which the waste-burning project will be located. (Public Resources Code section 21092(c); see Local Guidelines Sections

6.12 and 7.27.)

5.12 DEVELOPMENT PURSUANT TO AN EXISTING COMMUNITY PLAN AND EIR.

Before preparing a CEQA document, Staff should determine whether the proposed project involves development consistent with an earlier zoning or community plan to accommodate a particular density for which an EIR has been certified. If an earlier EIR for the zoning or planning action has been certified, and if the proposed project concerns the approval of a subdivision map or development, CEQA applies only to the extent the project raises environmental effects peculiar to the parcel which were not addressed in the earlier EIR. Off-site and cumulative effects not

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-10 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP discussed in the general plan EIR must still be considered. Mitigation measures set out in the earlier EIR should be implemented at this stage.

Environmental effects shall not be considered peculiar to the parcel if uniformly applied development policies or standards have been previously adopted by a city or county with a finding based on substantial evidence that the policy or standard will substantially mitigate the environmental effect when applied to future projects. Examples of uniformly applied development policies or standards include, but are not limited to: parking ordinances; public access requirements; grading ordinances; hillside development ordinances; flood plain ordinances; habitat protection or conservation ordinances; view protection ordinances; and requirements for reducing greenhouse gas emissions as set forth in adopted land use plans, policies or regulations.

Any rezoning action consistent with the Community Plan shall be subject to exemption from CEQA in accordance with this section. “Community Plan” means part of a city’s general plan which: (1) applies to a defined geographic portion of the total area included in the general plan; (2) complies with Article 5 (commencing with Section 65300) of Chapter 3 of Division 1 of Title 7 of the Government Code by referencing each of the mandatory elements specified in Government Code section 65302; and (3) contains specific development policies adopted for the area in the Community Plan and identifies measures to implement those policies, so that the policies which will apply to each parcel can be determined.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15183.)

5.13 LAND USE POLICIES.

When a project will amend a general plan or another land use policy, the Initial Study must address how the change in policy and its expected direct and indirect effects will affect the environment. When the amendments constitute substantial changes in policies that result in a significant impact on the environment, an EIR may be required.

5.14 EVALUATING IMPACTS ON HISTORICAL RESOURCES.

Projects that may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource, as defined in Local Guidelines Section 11.28 are projects that may have a significant effect on the environment, thus requiring consideration under CEQA. Particular attention and care should be given when considering such projects, especially projects involving the demolition of a historical resource, since such demolitions have been determined to cause a significant effect on the environment.

Substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource means physical demolition, destruction, relocation or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings, such that the significance of a historical resource would be materially impaired.

The significance of a historical resource is materially impaired when a project:
(a) Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of a historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its inclusion in, or eligibility for inclusion in, the California Register of Historical Resources;

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-11 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (b) Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics that account for its inclusion in a local register of historical resources or its identification in a historical resources survey, unless the Lead Agency establishes by a preponderance of evidence that the resource is not historically or culturally significant; or (c) Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of a historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its eligibility for inclusion in the California Register of Historical Resources as determined by the Lead Agency for purposes of CEQA.

Generally, a project that follows either one of the following sets of standards and guidelines will be considered mitigated to a level of less than significant: (a) the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Reconstructing Historic Buildings; or (b) the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation and Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings (1995), Weeks and Grimmer.

In the event of an accidental discovery of a possible historical resource during construction of the project, the City may provide for the evaluation of the find by a qualified archaeologist or other professional. If the find is determined to be a historical resource, the City should take appropriate steps to implement appropriate avoidance or mitigation measures. Work on non- affected portions of the project, as determined by the City, may continue during the process.

Curation may be an appropriate mitigation measure for an artifact that must be removed during project excavation or testing.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15064.5.)

5.15 EVALUATING IMPACTS ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES.

When a project will impact an archaeological site, the City shall first determine whether the site is a historical resource, as defined in Local Guidelines Section 11.28 If the archaeological site is a historical resource, it shall be treated and evaluated as such, and not as an archaeological resource. If the archaeological site does not meet the definition of a historical resource, but does meet the definition of a unique archaeological resource set forth in Public Resources Code section 21083.2, the site shall be treated in accordance with said provisions of the Public Resources Code.

The time and cost limitations described in Section 21083.2(c-f) do not apply to surveys and site evaluation activities intended to determine whether the project site contains unique archaeological resources.

If the archaeological resource is neither a unique archaeological resource nor a historical resource, the effects of the project on those resources shall not be considered a significant effect on the environment. It shall be sufficient that both the resource and the effect on it are noted in the Initial Study or EIR, if one is prepared to address impacts on other resources, but they need not be considered further in the CEQA process.

In the event of an accidental discovery of a possible unique archaeological resource during construction of the project, the City may provide for the evaluation of the find by a qualified archaeologist. If the find is determined to be a unique archaeological resource, the City should

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-12 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP take appropriate steps to implement appropriate avoidance or mitigation measures. Work on non- affected portions of the project, as determined by the City, may continue during the process.

Curation may be an appropriate mitigation measure for an artifact that must be removed during project excavation or testing.

When an Initial Study identifies the existence of, or the probable likelihood of, Native American human remains within the Project, the City shall comply with the provisions of State CEQA Guidelines section 15064.5(d). In the event of an accidental discovery or recognition of any human remains in any location other than a dedicated cemetery, the City shall comply with the provisions of State CEQA Guidelines section 15064.5(e). (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15064.5(c).)

5.16 CONSULTATION WITH WATER AGENCIES REGARDING LARGE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.
(a) Projects Subject to Consultation Requirements.

For certain development projects, cities and counties must consult with water agencies. If the City is a municipal water provider, the city or county may request that the City prepare a water supply assessment to be included in the relevant environmental documentation for the project. The City may refer to this section when preparing such an assessment or when reviewing projects in its role as a Responsible Agency. This section applies only to water demand projects as defined by Local Guidelines Section 11.83. Program level environmental review may not need to be as extensive as project level environmental review. (See Local Guidelines Sections 8.03 and 8.08.) (b) Water Supply Assessment.

When a city or county as Lead Agency determines the type of environmental document that will be prepared for a water demand project or any project that includes a water demand project, the city or county must identify any public water system (as defined in Local Guidelines Sections 11.59 and 11.83) that may supply water for the project. The city or county must also request that the public water system determine whether the projected demand associated with the project was included in the most recently adopted Urban Water Management Plan. The city or county must also request that the public water system prepare a specified water supply assessment for approval at a regular or special meeting of the public water system governing body. A sample request for a water supply assessment is provided as Form “N” of these Local CEQA Guidelines.

If no public water system is identified that may supply water for the water demand project, the city or county shall prepare the water supply assessment. The city or county shall consult with any entity serving domestic water supplies whose service area includes the site of the water demand project, the local agency formation commission, and the governing body of any public water system adjacent to the site of the water demand project. The city council or county board of supervisors must approve the water assessment prepared pursuant to this paragraph at a regular or special meeting.

As per Water Code section 10910, the water assessment must include identification of existing water supply entitlements, water rights, or water service contracts relevant to the water

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-13 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP supply for the proposed project and water received in prior years pursuant to those entitlements, rights, and contracts, and further information is required if water supplies include groundwater.

The water assessment must determine the ability of the public water system to meet existing and future demands along with the demands of the proposed water demand project in light of existing and future water supplies. This supply demand analysis is to be conducted via a twenty-year projection, and must assess water supply sufficiency during normal year, single dry year, and multiple dry year hydrology scenarios. If the public water agency concludes that the water supply is, or will be, insufficient, it must submit plans for acquiring additional water supplies.

The city or county may grant the public water agency a thirty (30) day extension of time to prepare the assessment if the public water agency requests an extension within ninety (90) days of being asked to prepare the assessment. If the governing body of the public water system fails to request and receive an extension of time, or fails to submit the water assessment notwithstanding the thirty (30) day extension, the city or county may seek a writ of mandamus to compel the governing body of the public water system to comply.

If a water-demand project has been the subject of a water assessment, no additional water assessment shall be required for subsequent water-demand projects that were included in the larger water-demand project if all of the following criteria are met:
(1) The entity completing the water assessment concluded that its water supplies are sufficient to meet the projected water demand associated with the larger water- demand project, in addition to the existing and planned future uses, including, but not limited to, agricultural and industrial uses; and
(2) None of the following changes has occurred since the completion of the water assessment for the larger water-demand project:
(A) Changes in the larger water-demand project that result in a substantial increase in water demand for the water-demand project;
(B) Changes in the circumstances or conditions substantially affecting the ability of the public water system identified in the water assessment to provide a sufficient supply of water for the water demand project; and (C) Significant new information becomes available which was not known and could not have been known at the time when the entity had reached its assessment conclusions.
(3) The city or county shall include the water assessment, and any water acquisition plan in the EIR, negative declaration, or mitigated negative declaration, or any supplement thereto, prepared for the project, and may include an evaluation of the water assessment and water acquisition plan information within such environmental document. A discussion of water supply availability should be included in the main text of the environmental document. Normally, this discussion should be based on the data and information included in the water supply assessment. In making its required findings under CEQA, the city or county shall determine, based on the entire record, whether projected water supplies will be

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-14 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP sufficient to satisfy the demands of the project, in addition to existing and planned future uses. If a city or county determines that water supplies will not be sufficient, the city or county shall include that determination in its findings for the project.

The degree of certainty regarding the availability of water supplies will vary depending on the stage of project approval. A Lead Agency should have greater confidence in the availability of water supplies for a specific project than might be required for a conceptual plan (i.e. general plan, specific plan). An analysis of water supply in an environmental document may incorporate by reference information in a water supply assessment, urban water management plan, or other publicly available sources. The analysis shall include the following:

(1) Sufficient information regarding the project's proposed water demand and proposed water supplies to permit the Lead Agency to evaluate the pros and cons of supplying the amount of water that the project will need.

(2) An analysis of the reasonably foreseeable environmental impacts of supplying water throughout all phases of the project.

(3) An analysis of circumstances affecting the likelihood of the water's availability, as well as the degree of uncertainty involved. Relevant factors may include but are not limited to, drought, salt-water intrusion, regulatory or contractual curtailments, and other reasonably foreseeable demands on the water supply.

(4) If the Lead Agency cannot determine that a particular water supply will be available, it shall conduct an analysis of alternative sources, including at least in general terms the environmental consequences of using those alternative sources, or alternatives to the project that could be served with available water.

For complete information on these requirements, consult Water Code sections 10910, et seq. For other CEQA provisions applicable to these types of projects, see Local Guidelines Sections 7.03 and 7.25.

5.17 SUBDIVISIONS WITH MORE THAN 500 DWELLING UNITS.

Cities and counties must obtain written verification (see Form “O” for a sample) from the applicable public water system(s) that a sufficient water supply is available before approving certain residential development projects. If the City is a municipal water provider for a project, the city or county may request such a verification from the City. The City should also be aware of these requirements when reviewing projects in its role as a Responsible Agency.

Cities and counties are prohibited from approving a tentative map, parcel map for which a tentative map was not required, or a development agreement for a subdivision of property of more than 500 dwellings units, unless:
(1) The City Council, Board of Supervisors, or the advisory agency receives written verification from the applicable public water system that a sufficient water supply is available; or

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-15 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (2) Under certain circumstances, the City Council, Board of Supervisors or the advisory agency makes a specified finding that sufficient water supplies are, or will be, available prior to completion of the project.

For complete information on these requirements, consult Government Code section 66473.7.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21083.4.)

5.18 IMPACTS TO OAK WOODLANDS.

When a county prepares an Initial Study to determine what type of environmental document will be prepared for a project within its jurisdiction, the county must determine whether the project may result in a conversion of oak woodlands that will have a significant effect on the environment. Normally, this rule will not apply to projects undertaken by the City. However, if the City is a Responsible Agency on such a project, the City should endeavor to ensure that the county, as Lead Agency, analyzes these impacts in accordance with CEQA. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 21083.4.)

5.19 CLIMATE CHANGE AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS.

A. Estimating or Calculating the Magnitude of the Project’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions.

The City shall analyze the greenhouse gas emissions of its projects as required by State CEQA Guidelines section 15064.4. For projects subject to CEQA, the City shall make a good- faith effort, based to the extent possible on scientific and factual data, to describe, calculate or estimate the amount of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from a project.

In performing analysis of greenhouse gas emissions, the City, as Lead Agency, shall have discretion to determine, in the context of a particular project, whether to:
(1) Quantify greenhouse gas emissions resulting from a project; and/ or (2) Rely on a qualitative analysis or performance-based standards.

B. Factors in Determining Significance.

In determining the significance of a project's greenhouse gas emissions, the City, when acting as Lead Agency, should focus its analysis on the reasonably foreseeable incremental contribution of the project's emissions to the effects of climate change. A project's incremental contribution may be cumulatively considerable even if it appears relatively small compared to statewide, national, or global emissions. The City’s analysis should consider a timeframe that is appropriate for the project. The City’s analysis also must reasonably reflect evolving scientific knowledge and state regulatory schemes.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-16 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP Once the amount of a project’s greenhouse gas emissions have been described, estimated, or calculated, the City should consider the following factors, among others, to determine whether those emissions are significant:
(1) The extent to which the project may increase or reduce greenhouse gas emissions as compared to the existing environmental setting. Physical environmental conditions in the vicinity of the project, as they exist at the time the Notice of Preparation is published or the time when the environmental analysis is commenced, will normally constitute the baseline. All project phases, including construction and operation, should be considered in determining whether a project will cause emissions to increase or decrease as compared to the baseline;
(2) Whether the project emissions exceed a threshold of significance that the Lead Agency determines applies to the project. The Lead Agency may rely on thresholds of significance developed by experts or other agencies, provided that application of the threshold and the significance conclusion is supported with substantial evidence. When relying on thresholds developed by other agencies, the Lead Agency should ensure that the threshold is appropriate for the project and the project’s location; and (3) The extent to which the project complies with regulations or requirements adopted to implement a statewide, regional, or local plan for the reduction or mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions (see, e.g., State CEQA Guidelines section 15183.5(b)). Such requirements must be adopted by the relevant public agency through a public review process and must reduce or mitigate the project’s incremental contribution of greenhouse gas emissions. If there is substantial evidence that the possible effects of a particular project are still cumulatively considerable notwithstanding compliance with the adopted regulations or requirements, an EIR must be prepared for the project. In determining the significance of impacts, the Lead Agency may consider a project's consistency with the State's long- term climate goals or strategies, provided that substantial evidence supports the agency's analysis of how those goals or strategies address the project's incremental contribution to climate change and its conclusion that the project's incremental contribution is not cumulatively considerable.

The Lead Agency may use a model or methodology to estimate greenhouse gas emissions resulting from a project. The Lead Agency has discretion to select the model or methodology it considers most appropriate to enable decision makers to intelligently take into account the project's incremental contribution to climate change. The Lead Agency must support its selection of a model or methodology with substantial evidence. The Lead Agency should explain the limitations of the particular model or methodology selected for use.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-17 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP C. Consistency with Applicable Plans.

When an EIR is prepared, it must discuss any inconsistencies between the proposed project and any applicable general plan, specific plans, and regional plans. This includes, but is not limited to, any applicable air quality attainment plans, regional blueprint plans, or plans for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

D. Mitigation Measures Related to Greenhouse Gas Emissions.

Lead Agencies must consider feasible means of mitigating the significant effects of greenhouse gas emissions. Any such mitigation measure must be supported by substantial evidence and be subject to monitoring or reporting. Potential mitigation will depend on the particular circumstances of the project, but may include the following, among others:
(1) Measures in an existing plan or mitigation program for the reduction of emissions that are required as part of the Lead Agency’s decision; (2) Reductions in emissions resulting from a project through implementation of project features, project design, or other measures, such as those described in State CEQA Guidelines Appendix F;
(3) Off-site measures, including offsets that are not otherwise required, to mitigate a project’s emissions;
(4) Measures that sequester greenhouse gases; and
(5) In the case of the adoption of a plan, such as a general plan, long range development plan, or plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, mitigation may include the identification of specific measures that may be implemented on a project-by- project basis. Mitigation may also include the incorporation of specific measures or policies found in an adopted ordinance or regulation that reduces the cumulative effect of emissions.

E. Streamlined Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions.

Under certain limited circumstances, the legislature has specifically declared that the analysis of greenhouse gas emissions or climate change impacts may be limited. Public Resources Code sections 21155, 21155.2, and 21159.28 provide that if certain residential, mixed use and transit priority projects meet specified ratios and densities, then the lead agencies for those projects may conduct a limited review of greenhouse gas emissions or may be exempted from analyzing global warming impacts that result from cars and light duty trucks, if a detailed list of requirements is met. However, unless the project is exempt from CEQA, the Lead Agency must consider whether such projects will result in greenhouse gas emissions from other sources, including, but not limited to, energy use, water use, and solid waste disposal.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-18 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP F. Tiering.

The City may analyze and mitigate the significant effects of greenhouse gas emissions at a programmatic level. Later project-specific environmental documents may then tier from and/or incorporate by reference that existing programmatic review.

G. Plans for the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions.

Public agencies may choose to analyze and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in a plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions or in a similar document. A plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions should:
(1) Quantify greenhouse gas emissions, both existing and projected over a specified time period, resulting from activities within a defined geographic area; (2) Establish a level, based on substantial evidence, below which the contribution to greenhouse gas emissions from activities covered by the plan would not be cumulatively considerable;
(3) Identify and analyze the greenhouse gas emissions resulting from specific actions or categories of actions anticipated within the geographic area; (4) Specify measures or a group of measures, including performance standards, that substantial evidence demonstrates, if implemented on a project-by-project basis, would collectively achieve the specified emissions level; (5) Establish a mechanism to monitor the plan’s progress toward achieving the level and to require amendment if the plan is not achieving specified levels; and (6) Be adopted in a public process following environmental review.

A plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, once adopted following certification of an EIR, or adoption of another environmental document, may be used in the cumulative impacts analysis of later projects. An environmental document that relies on a plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions for a cumulative impacts analysis must identify those requirements specified in the plan that apply to the project, and, if those requirements are not otherwise binding and enforceable, incorporate those requirements as mitigation measures applicable to the project.

If there is substantial evidence that the effects of a particular project may be cumulatively considerable notwithstanding the project’s compliance with the specified requirements in the plan for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, an EIR must be prepared for the project.

H. Analyzing the Effects of Climate Change on the Project.

Where an EIR is prepared for a project, the EIR shall analyze any significant environmental effects the project might cause by bringing development and people into the project area that may be affected by climate change. In particular, the EIR should evaluate any potentially significant impacts of locating development in areas susceptible to hazardous conditions (e.g., floodplains, coastlines, wildfire risk areas) as identified in authoritative hazard maps, risk assessments or in

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-19 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP land use plans addressing such hazards areas. The analysis may be limited to the potentially significant effects of locating the project in a potentially hazardous location. Further, this analysis may be limited by the project’s life in relation to the potential of such effects to occur and the availability of existing information related to potential future effects of climate change. Further, the EIR need not include speculation regarding such future effects.

5.20 ENERGY CONSERVATION.

Potentially significant energy implications of a project must be considered in an EIR to the extent relevant and applicable to the project. Therefore, the project description should identify the following as applicable or relevant to the particular project:
(1) Energy consuming equipment and processes which will be used during construction, operation and/or removal of the project. If appropriate, this discussion should consider the energy intensiveness of materials and equipment required for the project;
(2) Total energy requirements of the project by fuel type and end use; (3) Energy conservation equipment and design features;
(4) Identification of energy supplies that would serve the project; and (5) Total estimated daily vehicle trips to be generated by the project and the additional energy consumed per trip by mode.

As described in Local Guidelines Section 5.06, above, an initial study must include a description of the environmental setting. The discussion of the environmental setting may include existing energy supplies and energy use patterns in the region and locality. The City may also consider the extent to which energy supplies have been adequately considered in other environmental documents. Environmental impacts may include:
(1) The project’s energy requirements and its energy use efficiencies by amount and fuel type for each stage of the project including construction, operation, maintenance and/or removal. If appropriate, the energy intensiveness of materials may be discussed;
(2) The effects of the project on local and regional energy supplies and on requirements for additional capacity;
(3) The effects of the project on peak and base period demands for electricity and other forms of energy;
(4) The degree to which the project complies with existing energy standards; (5) The effects of the project on energy resources; and/or

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 5-20 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (6) The project’s projected transportation energy use requirements and its overall use of efficient transportation alternatives.

As discussed above in Section 5.06, the Initial Study must identify the potential environmental effects of the proposed activity. That discussion must include the unavoidable adverse effects. Unavoidable adverse effects may include wasteful, inefficient and unnecessary consumption of energy during the project construction, operation, maintenance and/or removal that cannot be feasibly mitigated.

When discussing energy conservation, alternatives should be compared in terms of overall energy consumption and in terms of reducing wasteful, inefficient and unnecessary consumption of energy.

5.21 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT.

The Initial Study identifies which environmental impacts may be significant. Based upon the Initial Study, Staff shall determine whether a proposed project may or will have a significant effect on the environment. Such determination shall be made in writing on the Environmental Impact Assessment Form (Form “C”). If Staff finds that a project will not have a significant effect on the environment, it shall recommend that a Negative Declaration be prepared and adopted by the decision-making body. If Staff finds that a project may have a significant effect on the environment, but the effects can be mitigated to a level of insignificance, it shall recommend that a Mitigated Negative Declaration be prepared and adopted by the decision-making body. If Staff finds that a project may have a significant effect on the environment, it shall recommend that an EIR be prepared and certified by the decision-making body.

5.22 FINAL DETERMINATION.

The City Council shall have the final responsibility for determining whether an EIR, Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration shall be required for any project. The City Council’s determination shall be final and conclusive on all persons, including Responsible Agencies and Trustee Agencies, except as provided in Section 15050(c) of the State CEQA Guidelines. Additionally, in the event the City Council has delegated authority to a subsidiary board or official to approve a project, the City Council also hereby delegates to that subsidiary board or official the authority to make all necessary CEQA determinations, including whether an EIR, Negative Declaration, Mitigated Negative Declaration or exemption shall be required for any project. A subsidiary board or official’s CEQA determination shall be subject to appeal consistent with the City’s established procedures for appeals.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21151.)

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6. NEGATIVE DECLARATION

6.01 DECISION TO PREPARE A NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

A Negative Declaration (Form “E”) shall be prepared for a project subject to CEQA when the Initial Study shows that there is no substantial evidence in light of the whole record that the project may have a significant or potentially significant adverse effect on the environment. (See Local Guidelines Sections 11.65 and 11.71.)
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15070(a).)

6.02 DECISION TO PREPARE A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

A Mitigated Negative Declaration (Form “E”) shall be prepared for a project subject to CEQA when the Initial Study identifies potentially significant effects on the environment, but:
(a) The project applicant has agreed to revise the project or the City can revise the project to avoid these significant effects or to mitigate the effects to a point where it is clear that no significant effects would occur; or
(b) There is no substantial evidence in light of the whole record before the City that the revised project may have a significant effect.

It is insufficient to require an applicant to adopt mitigation measures after final adoption of the Mitigated Negative Declaration or to state that mitigation measures will be recommended on the basis of a future study. The City must know the measures at the time the Mitigated Negative Declaration is adopted in order for them to be evaluated and accepted as adequate mitigation.

Evidence of agreement by the applicant to such mitigation should be in the record prior to public review. Except where noted, the procedural requirements for the preparation and approval of a Negative Declaration and Mitigated Negative Declaration are the same. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15070(b).)

6.03 CONTRACTING FOR PREPARATION OF NEGATIVE DECLARATION OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

The City, when acting as Lead Agency, is responsible for preparing all documents required pursuant to CEQA. The documents may be prepared by Staff or by private consultants pursuant to a contract with the City, but they must be the City’s product and reflect the independent judgment of the City.

6.04 NOTICE OF INTENT TO ADOPT A NEGATIVE DECLARATION OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

When, based upon the Initial Study, it is recommended to the decision-making body that a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration be adopted, a Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration (Form “D”) shall be prepared. In addition to being provided to the public through the means set forth in Local Guidelines Section 6.07, this Notice shall also be provided to:

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-2 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (a) Each Responsible and Trustee Agency;
(b) Any other federal, state, or local agency that has jurisdiction by law or exercises authority over resources affected by the project, including:
(1) Any water supply agency consulted under Local Guidelines Section 5.16; (2) Any city or county bordering on the project area;
(3) For a project of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance, to any transportation agencies or public agencies which have major local arterials or public transit facilities within five (5) miles of the project site or freeways, highways, or rail transit service within ten (10) miles of the project site which could be affected by the project; and
(4) For a subdivision project located within one mile of a facility of the State Water Resources Development System, to the California Department of Water Resources; (c) The last known name and address of all organizations and individuals who have previously filed a written request with the City to receive these Notices; (d) For certain projects that may impact a low-level flight path, military impact zone, or special use airspace and that meet the other criteria of Local Guidelines Section 6.05, to the specified military services contact;
(e) For certain projects that involve the construction or alteration of a facility anticipated to include hazardous air emissions or handle hazardous substances within one-quarter mile of a school and that meet the other requirements of Local Guidelines Section 6.06, to any potentially affected school district;
(f) For certain waste-burning projects that meet the requirements of Local Guidelines Section

5.11 (regarding mandatory preparation of EIR) (see also Local Guidelines Section 7.27), to the owners and occupants of property within one-fourth mile of any parcel on which the project will be located; and
(g) For a project that establishes or amends a redevelopment plan that contains land in agricultural use, notice shall be provided to the agricultural and farm agencies and organizations specified in Health and Safety Code section 33333.3.

The Notice of Intent must also be posted to the Lead Agency’s website, if any. (Pub.

Resources Code, § 21092.2(d).) Additionally, for a project of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance, the Lead Agency should also consult with public transit agencies with facilities within one-half mile of the proposed project.

A copy of the proposed Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration and the Initial Study shall be attached to the Notice of Intent to Adopt that is sent to every Responsible Agency and Trustee Agency concerned with the project and every other public agency with jurisdiction by law over resources affected by the project.

The public review period for a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration shall not be less than twenty (20) days; the public review period shall be at least thirty (30) days where the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration is for a proposed project where

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-3 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (1) a state agency is the lead agency, a responsible agency, or a trustee agency; (2) a state agency otherwise has jurisdiction by law with respect to the project; or (3) the proposed project is of sufficient statewide, regional, or area-wide significance as determined pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines section 15206. The Lead Agency shall give notice of the public review period by filing and posting a Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration (Form “D”) with the County Clerk before commencement of the public review period; where a public review period of at least 30 days is required, the Lead Agency shall also electronically submit the Notice of Intent to the State Clearinghouse. (Pub. Resources Code, § 21091.)
For purposes of calculating the length of the public review period, the last day of the public review period cannot fall on a weekend, a legal holiday, or other day on which the lead agency’s offices are closed.1 (Reference: Rominger v. County of Colusa (2014) 229 Cal.App.4th 690, 708.) The City requires requests for notices to be in writing and to be renewed annually. If the City is not otherwise required by CEQA or another regulation to provide notice, the City may charge a fee for providing notices to individuals or organizations that have submitted written requests to receive such notices, unless the request is made by another public agency.

If the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration has been submitted to the State Clearinghouse for review by state agencies, the public review period shall be at least as long as the period of review and comment by state agencies as established by the State Clearinghouse. (See Local Guidelines Section 6.10.) Day one of the state agency review period shall be the date that the State Clearinghouse distributes the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration to state agencies.

The Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration shall contain the following information:
(a) The period during which comments shall be received; (b) The date, time and place of any public meetings or hearings on the proposed project; (c) A brief description of the proposed project and its location; (d) The address where copies of the proposed Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration and all documents incorporated by reference in the proposed Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration are available for review; (e) A description of how the proposed Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration can be obtained in electronic format;
(f) The Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) list on which the proposed project site is located, if applicable, and the corresponding information from the applicant’s statement (see Local Guidelines Section 2.04); and
(g) The significant effects on the environment, if any, anticipated as a result of the proposed project.

1 A public agency’s “offices are closed” for purposes of this section on days in which the agency is formally closed for business (for example, due to a weekend, a legal holiday, or a formal furlough affecting the entire office). A public agency’s office is not considered closed for purposes of this section where the agency’s office may be physically closed, but the agency is nonetheless open for business and is operating remotely or virtually (for example, in response to the Covid-19 pandemic).

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6.05 PROJECTS AFFECTING MILITARY SERVICES; DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NOTIFICATION.

CEQA imposes additional requirements to provide notice to potentially affected military agencies when:
(a) The project meets one of the following three criteria:
(1) The project includes a general plan amendment;
(2) The project is of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance; or (3) The project relates to a public use airport or certain lands surrounding a public use airport; and
(b) A “military service” (defined in Section 11.42 of these Local Guidelines) has provided its contact office and address and notified the Lead Agency of the specific boundaries of a “low-level flight path” (defined in Section 11.37 of these Local Guidelines), “military impact zone” (defined in Section 11.41 of these Local Guidelines), or “special use airspace” (defined in Section 11.67 of these Local Guidelines).

When a project meets these requirements, the City must provide the military service’s designated contact with a copy of the Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration that has been prepared for the project, unless the project involves the remediation of lands contaminated with hazardous wastes and meets certain other requirements. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code §§ 21080.4 and 21092; Health & Safety Code §§ 25300, et seq., 25396, and 25187.)
The City must provide the military service with sufficient notice of its intent to adopt a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration to ensure that the military service has no fewer than twenty (20) days to review the documents before they are approved, provided that the military service shall have a minimum of thirty (30) days to review the environmental documents if the documents have been submitted to the State Clearinghouse. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15105(b), 15190.5(c).)

6.06 SPECIAL FINDINGS REQUIRED FOR FACILITIES THAT MAY EMIT HAZARDOUS AIR EMISSIONS NEAR SCHOOLS.

Special procedural rules apply to projects involving the construction or alteration of a facility within one-quarter mile of a school/schools when: (1) the facility might reasonably be anticipated to emit hazardous air emissions or to handle an extremely hazardous substance or a mixture containing extremely hazardous substances in a quantity equal to or greater than the threshold specified in Health and Safety Code section 25532(j), and (2) the emissions or substances may pose a health or safety hazard to persons who would attend or would be employed at the

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-5 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP school. If the project meets both of those criteria, a Lead Agency may not approve a Negative Declaration or a Mitigated Negative Declaration unless both of the following have occurred:
(a) The Lead Agency consulted with the affected school district or districts having jurisdiction over the school regarding the potential impact of the project on the school; and (b) The school district(s) was given written notification of the project not less than thirty (30) days prior to the proposed approval of the Negative Declaration.

When the City is considering the adoption of a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration for a project that meets these criteria, it can satisfy this requirement by providing the Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, the proposed Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, and the Initial Study to the potentially affected school district at least thirty (30) days before the decision-making body will consider the adoption of the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration. See also Local Guidelines Section 6.04.

Implementation of this Guideline shall be consistent with the definitions and terms utilized in State CEQA Guidelines section 15186.

6.07 CONSULTATION WITH CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES.

Prior to the release of a Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration for a project, the Lead Agency shall begin consultation with a California Native American tribe that is traditionally and culturally affiliated with the geographic area of the proposed project if:
(a) The California Native American tribe requested to the Lead Agency, in writing, to be informed by the Lead Agency through formal notification of proposed projects in the geographic area that is traditionally and culturally affiliated with the tribe; and

(b) The California Native American tribe responds, in writing, within 30 days of receipt of the formal notification, and requests the consultation. The California Native American tribe shall designate a lead contact person when responding to the Lead Agency. If a lead contact is not designated by the California Native American tribe, or it designates multiple lead contact people, the Lead Agency shall defer to the individuals listed on the contact list maintained by the Native American Heritage Commission. Consultation is defined in Local Guidelines Section 11.11.

To expedite the requirements of this section, the Native American Heritage Commission shall assist the Lead Agency in identifying the California American Native tribes that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with the project area.

Within 14 days of determining that an application for a project is complete or a decision by a public agency to undertake a project, the Lead Agency shall provide formal notification to the designated contact of, or a trial representative of, traditionally and culturally affiliated California Native America tribes that have requested notice, which shall be accomplished by at least one written notification that includes a brief description of the proposed project and its

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-6 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP location, the Lead Agency contact information, and a notification that the California Native American tribe has 30 days to request consultation. Where the application for a housing development project is deemed to be complete on or after March 4, 2020 and before December 31, 2021, the California Native American tribe shall have 60 days to respond to the Lead Agency and request consultation. (Reference: Gov. Code, § 65583(i).) The Lead Agency shall begin the consultation process within 30 days of receiving a California Native American tribe's request for consultation.

If consultation is requested, the parties may propose mitigation measures, including those set forth in Public Resources Code section 21084.3, capable of avoiding or substantially lessening potential significant impacts to a tribal cultural resource or alternatives that would avoid significant impacts to a tribal cultural resource. The consultation may include discussion concerning the type of environmental review necessary, the significance of tribal cultural resources, the significance of the project's impacts on the tribal cultural resources, and, if necessary, project alternatives or the appropriate measures for preservation or mitigation that the California Native American tribe may recommend to the Lead Agency.

The consultation shall be considered concluded when either of the following occurs:
(1) The parties agree to measures to mitigate or avoid a significant effect, if a significant effect exists, on a tribal cultural resource. (2) A party, acting in good faith and after reasonable effort, concludes that mutual agreement cannot be reached.

The California Native American tribe is not limited in its ability to submit information to the lead agency regarding the significance of the tribal cultural resources, the significance of the project's impact on tribal cultural resources, or any appropriate measures to mitigate the impacts.

Additionally, the lead agency or project proponent is not limited in its ability to incorporate changes and additions to the project as a result of the consultation, even if not legally required. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, §§ 21080.3.1, 21080.3.2.)

6.08 IDENTIFICATION OF TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES AND PROCESSING OF INFORMATION

AFTER CONSULTATION WITH THE CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBE After consultation with the California Native American tribe listed above in Local Guidelines Section 6.07, any mitigation measures agreed upon in the consultation conducted pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21080.3.2 shall be recommended for inclusion in the Mitigated Negative Declaration and in an adopted mitigation monitoring and reporting program, if the mitigation measures are determined to avoid or lessen the proposed project’s impacts on tribal cultural resources, and if the mitigation measures are enforceable.

If a project may have a significant impact on a tribal cultural resource, the Lead Agency's Mitigated Negative Declaration shall discuss both of the following:

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-7 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (a) Whether the proposed project has a significant impact on an identified tribal cultural resource;
(b) Whether feasible alternatives or mitigation measures, including those measures that may be agreed to during the consultation, avoid or substantially lessen the impact on the identified tribal cultural resource.

Any information provided regarding the location, description and use of the tribal cultural resource that is submitted by a California Native American tribe during the environmental review process shall not be included in the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration or otherwise disclosed by the Lead Agency or any other public agency to the public, consistent with Government Code section 7927.005, and State CEQA Guidelines section 15120(d), without the prior consent of the tribe that provided the information. If the Lead Agency publishes any information submitted by a California Native American tribe during the consultation or environmental review process, that information shall be published in a confidential appendix to the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration unless the tribe provides consent, in writing, to the disclosure of some or all of the information to the public. This does not prohibit the confidential exchange of the submitted information between public agencies that have lawful jurisdiction over the preparation of the Negative Declaration or the Mitigated Negative Declaration.

The exchange of confidential information regarding tribal cultural resources submitted by a California Native American tribe during the consultation or environmental review process among the Lead Agency, the California Native American tribe, the project applicant, or the project applicant's agent is not prohibited by Public Resources Code section 21082.3. The project applicant and the project applicant's legal advisers must use a reasonable degree of care and maintain the confidentiality of the information exchanged for the purposes of preventing looting, vandalism, or damage to tribal cultural resources and shall not disclose to a third party confidential information regarding the cultural resource unless the California Native American tribe providing the information consents in writing to the public disclosure of such information.

Public Resources Code section 21082.3 does not prevent a Lead Agency or other public agency from describing the information in general terms in the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration so as to inform the public of the basis of the Lead Agency's or other public agency's decision without breaching the confidentiality required. In addition, a Lead Agency may adopt a Mitigated Negative Declaration for a project with a significant impact on an identified tribal cultural resource only if one of the following occurs:
(a) The consultation process between the California Native American tribe and the Lead Agency has occurred as provided in Public Resources Code sections 21080.3.1 and 21080.3.2 and concluded pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 21080.3.2.
(b) The California Native American tribe has requested consultation pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21080.3.1 and has failed to provide comments to the Lead agency, or otherwise failed to engage, in the consultation process.

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-8 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (c) The Lead Agency has complied with subdivision (d) of Section 21080.3.1 of the Public Resources Code and the California Native American tribe has failed to request consultation within 30 days.

If substantial evidence demonstrates that a project will cause a significant effect to a tribal cultural resource but the decision-makers do not include the mitigation measures recommended by the staff in the Mitigated Negative Declaration, or if there are no agreed upon mitigation measures at the conclusion of the consultation; or if no consultation has occurred, the Lead Agency must still consider the adoption of feasible mitigation.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21082.3.)

6.09 SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE IMPACTS TO TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES Public agencies shall, when feasible, avoid damaging effects to any tribal cultural resource.

If the Lead Agency determines that a project may cause a substantial adverse change to a tribal cultural resource, and measures are not otherwise identified in the consultation process provided in Public Resources Code section 21080.3.2 and as set forth in Local Guidelines Section 6.07, the following examples of mitigation measures, if feasible, may be considered to avoid or minimize the significant adverse impacts:
(a) Avoidance and preservation of the resources in place, including, but not limited to, planning and construction to avoid the resources and protect the cultural and natural context, or planning greenspace, parks, or other open space, to incorporate the resources with culturally appropriate protection and management criteria. (b) Treating the resource with culturally appropriate dignity taking into account the tribal cultural values and meaning of the resource, including, but not limited to, the following:
(1) Protecting the cultural character and integrity of the resource. (2) Protecting the traditional use of the resource.
(3) Protecting the confidentiality of the resource.
(c) Permanent conservation easements or other interests in real property, with culturally appropriate management criteria for the purposes of preserving or utilizing the resources or places.
(d) Protecting the resource.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21084.3.)

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6.10 POSTING AND PUBLICATION OF NEGATIVE DECLARATION OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

The City shall have a copy of the Notice of Intent to Adopt, the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, and the Initial Study posted at the City’s offices and on the City’s website, if any, and shall make these documents available for public inspection. The Notice must be provided either twenty (20) or thirty (30) days prior to final adoption of the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration. The public review period for a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration prepared for a project subject to state agency review, as set forth in Local Guidelines Section 6.11, must be circulated for at least as long as the review period established by the State Clearinghouse, usually no less than thirty (30) days. Under certain circumstances, a shortened review period of at least twenty (20) days may be approved by the State Clearinghouse as provided for in State CEQA Guidelines section 15105. See the Shortened Review Request Form “P.” The state review period will commence on the date the State Clearinghouse distributes the document to state agencies. The State Clearinghouse will distribute the document within three (3) days of receipt if the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration is deemed complete.

The Notice must also be posted in the office of the Clerk in each county in which the project is located and must remain posted throughout the public review period. The County Clerk is required to post the Notice within twenty-four (24) hours of receiving it.

Notice shall be provided as stated in Local Guidelines Section 6.04. In addition, Notice of the Intent to Adopt shall be given to the last known name and address of all organizations and individuals who have previously requested notice; by posting the notice on the website of the lead agency; and by at least one of the following procedures:
(a) Publication at least once in a newspaper of general circulation in the area affected by the proposed project. If more than one area will be affected, the notice shall be published in the newspaper of largest circulation from among the newspapers of general circulation in those areas;
(b) Posting of notice on and off site in the area where the project is to be located; or (c) Direct mailing to owners and occupants of property contiguous to the project, as shown on the latest equalized assessment roll.

The City, when acting as Lead Agency, shall consider all comments received during the public review period for the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration. For a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, the City is not required to respond in writing to comments it receives either during or after the public review period. However, the City may provide a written response to all comments if it will not delay action on the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, since any comment received prior to final action on the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration can form the basis of a legal challenge. A written response that refutes the comment or adequately explains the City’s action in light of the comment will assist the City in defending against a legal challenge. The City shall notify any public agency that comments on a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration of the public hearing or hearings, if any, on the project for which the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration was prepared.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-10 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21092; State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15072-15073.)

6.11 SUBMISSION OF NEGATIVE DECLARATION OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION TO STATE CLEARINGHOUSE.

A Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration must be submitted to the State Clearinghouse, in an electronic form as required by the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation, regardless of whether the document must be circulated for review and comment by state agencies under State CEQA Guidelines section 15205 and 15206. The Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration must be submitted via the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation’s CEQASubmit website (https://ceqasubmit.lci.ca.gov/). The CEQASubmit website differentiates between environmental documents that do require review and comment by state agencies and those that do not. In particular, the website provides a “Local Review Period” tab for submitting documents that do not require review and comment by state agencies, and a “State Review Period” tab for submitting documents that do require review and comment by state agencies.

A Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration must be submitted to the State Clearinghouse for review and comment by state agencies (i.e., a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration must be submitted through the CEQASubmit website under the “State Review Period” tab) in the following situations:
(a) The Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration is prepared by a Lead Agency that is a state agency;
(b) The Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration is prepared by a public agency where a state agency is a Responsible Agency, Trustee Agency, or otherwise has jurisdiction by law with respect to the project; or
(c) The Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration is for a project identified in State CEQA Guidelines section 15206 as being of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance.

State CEQA Guidelines section 15206 identifies the following types of projects as being examples of projects of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance that require submission to the State Clearinghouse for circulation:
(1) Projects that have the potential to cause significant environmental effects beyond the city or county where the project would be located, such as:
(a) Residential development of more than 500 units;
(b) Commercial projects employing more than 1,000 persons or covering more than 500,000 square feet of floor space;
(c) Office building projects employing more than 1,000 persons or covering more than 250,000 square feet of floor space;
(d) Hotel or motel development of more than 500 rooms; or (e) Industrial projects housing more than 1,000 persons, occupying more than 40 acres of land, or covering more than 650,000 square feet of floor area;

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-11 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (2) Projects for the cancellation of a Williamson Act contract covering 100 or more acres;
(3) Projects in one of the following Environmentally Sensitive Areas:
(a) Lake Tahoe Basin;
(b) Santa Monica Mountains Zone;
(c) Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta;
(d) Suisun Marsh;
(e) Coastal Zone, as defined by the California Coastal Act; (f) Areas within one-quarter mile of a river designated as wild and scenic; or (g) Areas within the jurisdiction of the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission;
(4) Projects that would affect sensitive wildlife habitats or the habitats of any rare, threatened, or endangered species;
(5) Projects that would interfere with water quality standards; and (6) Projects that would provide housing, jobs, or occupancy for 500 or more people within 10 miles of a nuclear power plant.

A Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration may also be submitted to the State Clearinghouse for circulation if a state agency has special expertise with regard to the environmental impacts involved.

The public review period for a Negative Declaration or a Mitigated Negative Declaration shall not be less than twenty (20) days. The review period, however, shall be at least thirty (30) days if the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration is for a proposed project where a state agency is the lead agency, a responsible agency, or a trustee agency; a state agency otherwise has jurisdiction by law with respect to the project; or the proposed project is of sufficient statewide, regional, or areawide significance as determined pursuant to the guidelines certified and adopted pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines section 15206.

When the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration is submitted to the State Clearinghouse for state agency review, the review period begins (day one) on the date that the State Clearinghouse distributes the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration to state agencies. The State Clearinghouse is required to distribute the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration to state agencies within three (3) working days from the date the State Clearinghouse receives the document, as long as the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration is complete when submitted to the State Clearinghouse. If the document submitted to the State Clearinghouse is not complete, the State Clearinghouse must notify the Lead Agency. The review period for the public and all other agencies may run concurrently with the state agency review period established by the State Clearinghouse, but the public review period cannot conclude before the state agency review period does. The review period for the public shall be at least as long as the review period established by the State Clearinghouse.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-12 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP A shorter review period by the State Clearinghouse for a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration can be requested by the decision-making body. The shortened review period shall not be less than twenty (20) days. Such a request must be made in writing by the Lead Agency to the LCI. The decision-making body may designate by resolution or ordinance an individual authorized to request a shorter review period. (See Form “P”). Any approval of a shortened review period must be given prior to, and reflected in, the public notice. However, a shortened review period shall not be approved by the LCI for any proposed project of statewide, regional or area-wide environmental significance, as defined by State CEQA Guidelines section 15206.

When the City completes its Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration for a proposed project, the City must also cause a Notice of Completion (Form “H”) to be filed with the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation via the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation’s CEQASubmit website. The Notice of Completion should briefly identify the project, indicate that an environmental document has been prepared for the project, and identify the project location by latitude and longitude.

The City must post the Notice of Intent, Notice of Completion, and Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration on its website, if any. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, §§ 21082.1, 21161; State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15205, 15206.)

6.12 SPECIAL NOTICE REQUIREMENTS FOR WASTE- AND FUEL-BURNING PROJECTS.

For any project that involves the burning of municipal waste, hazardous waste, or refuse- derived fuel (such as tires) and that does not require an EIR, as defined in Local Guidelines Section

5.11, a Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration shall be given to all organizations and individuals who have previously requested it and shall also be given by all three of the procedures listed in Local Guidelines Section 6.07. In addition, Notice shall be given by direct mailing to the owners and occupants of property within one-quarter mile of any parcel or parcels on which such a project is located.

These notice requirements apply only to those projects described in Local Guidelines Section 5.11. These notice requirements do not preclude the City from providing additional notice by other means if desired.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21092(c).)

6.13 CONSULTATION WITH WATER AGENCIES REGARDING LARGE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.

Under specific circumstances a city or county acting as Lead Agency must consult with the public water system that will supply the project to determine whether the public water system can adequately supply the water needed for the project. As a Responsible Agency, the City should be aware of these requirements. See Local Guidelines Section 5.16 for more information on these requirements. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15155.)

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6.14 CONTENT OF NEGATIVE DECLARATION OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

A Negative Declaration must be prepared directly by or under contract to the City and should generally resemble Form “E.” It shall contain the following information:
(a) A brief description of the project proposed, including any commonly used name for the project;
(b) The location of the project and the name of the project proponent; (c) A finding that the project as proposed will not have a significant effect on the environment; and
(d) An attached copy of the Initial Study documenting reasons to support the finding.

For a Mitigated Negative Declaration, feasible mitigation measures included in the project to substantially lessen or avoid potentially significant effects must be fully enforceable through permit conditions, agreements, or other measures. Such permit conditions, agreements, and measures must be consistent with applicable constitutional requirements such as the “nexus” and “rough proportionality” standards established by case law.

The proposed Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration must reflect the independent judgment of the City.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15071.)

6.15 TYPES OF MITIGATION.

The following is a non-exhaustive list of potential types of mitigation the City may consider:
(a) Avoidance;
(b) Preservation;
(c) Rehabilitation or replacement. Replacement may be on-site or off-site depending on the particular circumstances; and/or
(d) Participation in a fee program.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15370.)

6.16 ADOPTION OF NEGATIVE DECLARATION OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

Following the publication, posting or mailing of the Notice of Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, but not before the expiration of the applicable twenty (20) or thirty (30) day public review period, the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration may be presented to the decision-making body at a regular or special meeting. Prior to adoption, the City shall independently review and analyze the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration and find that the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration reflects the independent judgment of the City.

If new information is added to the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration after public review, the City should determine whether recirculation is warranted. (See Local

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-14 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP Guidelines Section 6.19). If the decision-making body finds that the project will not have a significant effect on the environment, it shall adopt the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration. If the decision-making body finds that the proposed project may have a significant effect on the environment that cannot be mitigated or avoided, it shall order the preparation of a Draft EIR and the filing of a Notice of Preparation of a Draft EIR.

When adopting a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, the City shall specify the location and custodian of the documents or other material that constitute the record of proceedings upon which it based its decision. If adopting a Negative Declaration for a project that may emit hazardous air emissions within one-quarter mile of a school and that meets the other requirements of Local Guidelines Section 6.06, the decision-making body must also make the findings required by Local Guidelines Section 6.06.

As Lead Agency, the City may charge a non-elected official or body with the responsibility of independently reviewing the adequacy of and adopting a Negative Declaration or a Mitigated Negative Declaration. Any final CEQA determination made by a non-elected decisionmaker, however, is appealable to the City Council within either (a) the time period set forth in the City’s established process to appeal the non-elected decisionmaker’s CEQA determination; or, if no such process exists, (2) ten (10) days of the non-elected decisionmaker’s determination. If the non- elected decisionmaker’s CEQA determination is not timely appealed as set forth herein, the non- elected decisionmaker’s determination shall be final.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15074.)

6.17 MITIGATION REPORTING OR MONITORING PROGRAM FOR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

When adopting a Mitigated Negative Declaration pursuant to Local Guidelines Section

6.13, the City shall adopt a reporting or monitoring program to assure that mitigation measures, which are required to mitigate or avoid significant effects on the environment, will be fully enforceable through permit conditions, agreements, or other measures and implemented by the project proponent or other responsible party in a timely manner, in accordance with conditions of project approval. The City shall also specify the location and the custodian of the documents that constitute the record of proceedings upon which it based its decision. There is no requirement that the reporting or monitoring program be circulated for public review; however, the City may choose to circulate it for public comments along with the Mitigated Negative Declaration. The mitigation measures required to mitigate or avoid significant effects on the environment must be adopted as conditions of project approval.

This reporting or monitoring program shall be designed to assure compliance during the implementation or construction of a project and shall otherwise comply with the requirements described in Local Guidelines Section 7.38. If a Responsible Agency or Trustee Agency has required that certain conditions be incorporated into the project, the City may request that agency to prepare and submit a proposed reporting or monitoring program. The City shall also require that, prior to the close of the public review period for a Mitigated Negative Declaration (see Local Guidelines Section 6.04), the Responsible or Trustee Agency submit detailed performance objectives for mitigation measures, or refer the City to appropriate, readily available guidelines or

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) NEGATIVE DECLARATION

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-15 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP reference documents. Any mitigation measures submitted to the City by a Responsible or Trustee Agency shall be limited to measures that mitigate impacts to resources that are within the Responsible or Trustee Agency’s authority.

Local agencies have the authority to levy fees sufficient to pay for this program. Therefore, the City can charge the project proponent a fee to cover actual costs of program processing and implementation.

Transportation information resulting from the reporting or monitoring program required to be adopted by the City shall be submitted to the regional transportation planning agency where the project is located and to the Department of Transportation for a project of statewide, regional or area-wide significance according to State CEQA Guidelines section 15206. The transportation planning agency and the Department of Transportation are required by law to adopt guidelines for the submittal of these reporting or monitoring programs, so the City may wish to tailor its submittal to such guidelines.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15074, 15097.)

6.18 APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL OF PROJECT.

At the time of adoption of a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, the decision-making body may consider the project for purposes of approval or disapproval. Prior to approving the project, the decision-making body shall consider the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, together with any written comments received and considered during the public review period, and shall approve or disapprove the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration. In making a finding as to whether there is any substantial evidence that the project will have a significant effect on the environment, the factors listed in Local Guidelines Section 5.08 should be considered. (See Local Guidelines Section 6.06 for approval requirements for facilities that may emit hazardous pollutants or that may handle extremely hazardous substances within one-quarter mile of a school site.) (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15092.)

6.19 RECIRCULATION OF A NEGATIVE DECLARATION OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

A Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration must be recirculated when the document must be substantially revised after the public review period but prior to its adoption. A “substantial revision” occurs when the City has identified a new and avoidable significant effect for which mitigation measures or project revisions must be added in order to reduce the effect to a level of insignificance, or when the City determines that the proposed mitigation measures or project revisions will not reduce the potential effects to less than significant and new measures or revisions must be required.

Recirculation is not required under the following circumstances:
(a) Mitigation measures are replaced with equal or more effective measures, and the City makes a finding to that effect;

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-16 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (b) New project revisions are added after circulation of the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration or in response to written or oral comments on the project’s effects, but the revisions do not create new significant environmental effects and are not necessary to mitigate an avoidable significant effect;
(c) Measures or conditions of project approval are added after circulation of the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, but the measures or conditions are not required by CEQA, do not create new significant environmental effects, and are not necessary to mitigate an avoidable significant effect; or (d) New information is added to the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Declaration which merely clarifies, amplifies, or makes insignificant modifications to the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration.

If, after preparation of a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, the City determines that the project requires an EIR, it shall prepare and circulate the Draft EIR for consultation and review and advise reviewers in writing that a proposed Negative Declaration or Mitigated Declaration had previously been circulated for the project. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15073.5.)

6.20 NOTICE OF DETERMINATION ON A PROJECT FOR WHICH A PROPOSED NEGATIVE OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION HAS BEEN APPROVED.

After final approval of a project for which a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration has been prepared, Staff shall cause to be prepared, filed, and posted a Notice of Determination (Form “F”). The Notice of Determination shall contain the following information:
(a) An identification of the project, including the project title as identified on the proposed Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, location, and the State Clearinghouse identification number for the proposed Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration if the Notice of Determination is filed with the State Clearinghouse; (b) For private projects, identification of the person undertaking a project that is supported, in whole or in part, through contracts, grants, subsidies, loans, or other forms of assistance from one or more public agencies or the identity of the person receiving a lease, permit, license, certificate, or other entitlement for use from one or more public agencies; (c) A brief description of the project;
(d) The name of the City and the date on which the City approved the project; (e) The determination of the City that the project will not have a significant effect on the environment;
(f) A statement that a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration was adopted pursuant to the provisions of CEQA;
(g) A statement indicating whether mitigation measures were made a condition of the approval of the project, and whether a mitigation monitoring plan/program was adopted; and (h) The address where a copy of the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration may be examined.

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-17 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP The Notice of Determination shall be filed with the Clerk of each county in which the project will be located within five (5) working days of project approval and submitted to the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation’s State Clearinghouse through the CEQASubmit portal.

The City must also post the Notice of Determination on its website. Such electronic notice is in addition to the posting requirements of the State CEQA Guidelines and the Public Resources Code. The Clerk must post the Notice of Determination within twenty-four (24) hours of receipt.

The Notice must be posted in the office of the Clerk for a minimum of thirty (30) days. Thereafter, the Clerk shall return the notice to the City with a notation of the period it was posted. The City shall retain the notice for not less than twelve (12) months. If the project requires discretionary approval from any State agency, the Notice of Determination shall also be filed with LCI within five (5) working days of project approval along with proof of payment of the DFW fee or a no effect determination form from the DFW (see Local Guidelines Section 6.24). Simultaneously with the filing of the Notice of Determination with the Clerk, Staff shall cause a copy of the Notice of Determination to be posted at City Offices.

If a written request has been made for a copy of the Notice of Determination prior to the date on which the City adopts the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration, the copy must be mailed, first class postage prepaid, within five (5) days of the City’s determination.

If such a request is made following the City’s determination, then the copy should be mailed in the same manner as soon as possible. The recipients of such documents may be charged a fee reasonably related to the cost of providing the service.

For projects with more than one phase, Staff shall file a Notice of Determination for each phase requiring a discretionary approval.

The filing and posting of the Notice of Determination with the County Clerk, and, if necessary, with LCI, usually starts a thirty (30) day statute of limitations on court challenges to the approval under CEQA. When separate notices are filed for successive phases of the same overall project, the thirty (30) day statute of limitations to challenge the subsequent phase begins to run when the second notice is filed. Failure to file the Notice may result in a one hundred eighty (180) day statute of limitations.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15075.)

6.21 ADDENDUM TO NEGATIVE DECLARATION OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

The City may prepare an addendum to an adopted Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration if only minor technical changes or additions are necessary. The City may also prepare an addendum to an adopted Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration when none of the conditions calling for a subsequent Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration have occurred. (See Local Guidelines Section 6.22 below.) An addendum need not be circulated for public review but can be attached to the adopted Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration. The City shall consider the addendum with the adopted Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration prior to project approval. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15164.)

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6.22 SUBSEQUENT NEGATIVE DECLARATION OR MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION.

When a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration has been adopted for a project, or when an EIR has been certified, no subsequent Negative Declaration, Mitigated Negative Declaration, or EIR shall be prepared for that project unless the Lead Agency determines, on the basis of substantial evidence in the light of the whole record, one or more of the following:
(a) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous EIR, Negative Declaration, or Mitigated Negative Declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects; or

(b) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR, Negative Declaration, or Mitigated Negative Declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects; or
(c) New information of substantial importance which was not known and could not have been known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified or the Negative Declaration was adopted which shows any of the following:
(1) The project will have one or more significant effects not discussed in the previous EIR or Negative Declaration;
(2) Significant effects previously examined will be substantially more severe than shown in the previous EIR;
(3) Mitigation measure(s) or alternative(s) previously found not to be feasible would in fact be feasible and would substantially reduce one or more significant effects of the project, but the project proponents declined to adopt the mitigation measure(s) or alternative(s); or
(4) Mitigation measure(s) or alternative(s) which are considerably different from those analyzed in the previous EIR would substantially reduce one or more significant effects on the environment, but the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure(s) or alternative(s).

The City, as Lead Agency, would then determine whether a Subsequent EIR, Supplemental EIR, Subsequent Negative Declaration, Subsequent Mitigated Negative Declaration, or Addendum would be applicable. Subsequent Negative Declarations and Mitigated Negative Declarations must be given the same notice and public review period as other Negative Declarations. The Subsequent Negative Declaration shall state where the previous document is available and can be reviewed.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15162.)

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6.23 PRIVATE PROJECT COSTS.

For private projects, the person or entity proposing to carry out the project shall bear all costs incurred by the City in preparing the Initial Study and in preparing and filing the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration and Notice of Determination.

6.24 FILING FEES FOR PROJECTS THAT AFFECT WILDLIFE RESOURCES.

At the time a Notice of Determination for a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration is filed with the County or Counties in which the project is located, a fee of $2,968.75, or the then applicable fee, shall be paid to the Clerk for projects that will adversely affect fish or wildlife resources. These fees are collected by the Clerk on behalf of DFW pursuant to Fish and Game Code section 711.4.

Only one filing fee is required for each project unless the project is tiered or phased and separate environmental documents are prepared. (Fish & Game Code section 711.4(g).) For projects where Responsible Agencies file separate Notices of Determination, only the Lead Agency is required to pay the fee.

Note: County Clerks are authorized to charge a documentary handling fee for each project in addition to the Fish and Game Code fees specified above. Refer to the Index in the Staff Summary to help determine the correct total amount of fees applicable to the project.

For private projects, the City may pass these costs on to the project applicant.

Fish and Game Code fees may be waived for projects with “no effect” on fish or wildlife resources or for certain projects undertaken by the DFW and implemented through a contract with a non-profit entity or local government agency; however, the Lead Agency must obtain a form showing that the DFW has determined that the project will have “no effect” on fish and wildlife. (Fish and Game Code section 711.4(c)(2)(A)). Projects that are statutorily or categorically exempt from CEQA are also not subject to the filing fee, and do not require a no effect determination. (State CEQA Guidelines sections 15260 through 15333; Fish and Game Code section 711.4(d)(1)).

The applicable DFW Regional Office’s environmental review and permitting staff are responsible for determining whether a project within their region will qualify for a no effect determination and if the CEQA filing fee will be waived.

The request should be submitted when the CEQA document is released for public review, or as early as possible in the public comment period. Documents submitted in digital format are preferred (e.g. compact disk). If insufficient documentation is submitted to DFW for the proposed project, a no effect determination will not be issued.

If the City believes that a project for which it is Lead Agency will have “no effect” on fish or wildlife resources, it should contact the appropriate DFW Regional Office. The project’s CEQA document may need to be provided to the appropriate DFW Regional Office along with a written request. Documentation submitted to the appropriate DFW Regional Office should set forth facts in support of the fee exemption. Previous examples of projects that have qualified for a fee exemption include: minor zoning changes that did not lead to or allow new construction, grading,

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-20 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP or other physical alterations to the environment; and minor modifications to existing structures, including addition of a second story to single or multi-family residences.

The fee exemption requirement that the project have “no” impact on fish or wildlife resources is more stringent than the former requirement that a project have only “de minimis” effects on fish or wildlife resources. DFW may determine that a project would have no effect on fish and wildlife if all of the following conditions apply:
• The project would not result in or have the potential to result in harm, harassment, or take of any fish and/or wildlife species.
• The project would not result in or have the potential to result in direct or indirect destruction, ground disturbance, or other modification of any habitat that may support fish and/or wildlife species.
• The project would not result in or have the potential to result in the removal of vegetation with potential to support wildlife.
• The project would not result in or have the potential to result in noise, vibration, dust, light, pollution, or an alteration in water quality that may affect fish and/or wildlife directly or from a distance.
• The project would not result in or have the potential to result in any interference with the movement of any fish and/or wildlife species.

Any request for a fee exemption should include the following information:
(1) the name and address of the project proponent and applicant contact information; (2) a brief description of the project and its location; (3) site description and aerial and/or topographic map of the project site; (4) State Clearinghouse number or county filing number; (5) a statement that an Initial Study has been prepared by the City to evaluate the project’s effects on fish and wildlife resources, if any; and (6) a declaration that, based on the City’s evaluation of potential adverse effects on fish and wildlife resources, the City believes the project will have no effect on fish or wildlife.

If insufficient documentation is submitted to DFW for the proposed project, a no effect determination will not be issued. (A sample Request for Fee Exemption is attached as Form “L”.) DFW will review the City’s finding, and if DFW agrees with the City’s conclusions, DFW will provide the City with written confirmation. Retain DFW’s determination as part of the administrative record; the City is required to file a copy of this determination with the County after project approval and at the time of filing of the Notice of Determination.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 6-21 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP The Lead Agency must have written confirmation of DFW’s finding of “no impact” at the time the Lead Agency files its Notice of Determination with the County. The County cannot accept the Notice of Determination unless it is accompanied by the appropriate fee or a written no effect determination from DFW.

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7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT

7.01 DECISION TO PREPARE AN EIR.

An EIR shall be prepared whenever there is substantial evidence in light of the whole record which supports a fair argument that the project may have a significant effect on the environment. (See Local Guidelines Sections 11.65 and 11.71.) The record may include the Initial Study or other documents or studies prepared to assess the project’s environmental impacts. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21151.)

7.02 CONTRACTING FOR PREPARATION OF EIRS.

If an EIR is prepared under a contract with the City, the contract must be executed within forty-five (45) days from the date on which the City sends a Notice of Preparation. The City may take longer to execute the contract if the project applicant and the City mutually agree to an extension of the 45-day time limit. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21151.5.) The EIR prepared under contract must be the City’s product. Staff, together with such consultant help as may be required, shall independently review and analyze the EIR to verify its accuracy, objectivity and completeness prior to presenting it to the decision-making body. The EIR made available for public review must reflect the independent judgment of the City. Staff may require such information and data from the person or entity proposing to carry out the project as Staff deems necessary for completion of the EIR. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15084, 15090.)

7.03 NOTICE OF PREPARATION OF DRAFT EIR.

After determining that an EIR will be required for a proposed project, the Lead Agency shall prepare and submit a Notice of Preparation (Form “G”) to the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation through its CEQASubmit website and to each of the following:
(a) Each Responsible Agency and Trustee Agency involved with the project; (b) Any other federal, state, or local agency which has jurisdiction by law or exercises authority over resources affected by the project, including:
(1) Any water supply agency consulted under Local Guidelines Section 5.16; (2) Any city or county bordering on the project area;
(3) For a project of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance, to any transportation agencies or public agencies which have major local arterials or public transit facilities within five (5) miles of the project site or freeways, highways, or rail transit service within ten (10) miles of the project site which could be affected by the project; and
(4) For a subdivision project located within one mile of a facility of the State Water Resources Development System, the California Department of Water Resources;

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-2 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (c) The last known name and address of all organizations and individuals who have previously filed a written request with the City to receive these Notices; (d) For certain projects that may impact a low-level flight path, military impact zone, or special use airspace and that meet the other criteria in Local Guidelines Section 7.04, the specified military services contact;
(e) For certain projects that involve the construction or alteration of a facility anticipated to emit hazardous air emissions or handle hazardous substances within one-quarter mile of a school and that meet the other requirements of Local Guidelines Section 7.36, any potentially affected school district;
(f) For certain waste-burning projects that meet the requirements of Local Guidelines Section

5.11 (See also Local Guidelines Section 7.27), the owners and occupants of property within one-fourth mile of any parcel on which the project will be located; and (g) For a project that establishes or amends a redevelopment plan that contains land in agricultural use, the agricultural and farm agencies and organizations specified in Health and Safety Code section 33333.3.

Additionally, for a project of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance, the Lead Agency should also consult with public transit agencies with facilities within one-half mile of the proposed project.

The Notice of Preparation must also be filed and posted in the office of the Clerk in each county in which the project is located for thirty (30) days. The County Clerk must post the Notice within twenty-four (24) hours of receipt.

When submitting the Notice of Preparation to LCI, a Notice of Completion (Form “H”) should be used as a cover sheet. Responsible and Trustee Agencies, the State Clearinghouse, and the state agencies contacted by the State Clearinghouse have thirty (30) days to respond to the Notice of Preparation in writing via certified mail, email, or an equivalent procedure. Agencies that do not respond within thirty (30) days shall be deemed not to have any comments on the Notice of Preparation.

At a minimum, the Notice of Preparation shall include:
(a) A description of the project;
(b) The location of the project indicated either on an attached map (preferably a copy of the USGS 15’ or 7½’ topographical map identified by quadrangle name) or by a street address and cross street in an urbanized area;
(c) The probable environmental effects of the project;
(d) The name and address of the consulting firm retained to prepare the Draft EIR, if applicable; and
(e) The Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) list on which the proposed site is located, if applicable, and the corresponding information from the applicant’s statement. (See Local Guidelines Section 2.04.)
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21080.4; State CEQA Guidelines, § 15082.)

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7.04 SPECIAL NOTICE REQUIREMENTS FOR AFFECTED MILITARY AGENCIES CEQA imposes additional requirements to provide notice to potentially affected military agencies when:
(a) A “military service” (defined in Section 11.42 of these Local Guidelines) has provided the City with its contact office and address and notified the City of the specific boundaries of a “low-level flight path” (defined in Section 11.37 of these Local Guidelines), “military impact zone” (defined in Section 11.41 of these Local Guidelines), or “special use airspace” (defined in Section 11.67 of these Local Guidelines); and (b) The project meets one of the following criteria:
(1) The project is within the boundaries specified pursuant to subsection (a) of this guideline;
(2) The project includes a general plan amendment;
(3) The project is of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance; or (4) The project relates to a public use airport or certain lands surrounding a public use airport.

When a project meets these requirements, the City must provide the military service’s designated contact with any Notice of Preparation, and/or Notice of Availability of Draft EIRs that have been prepared for a project, unless the project involves the remediation of lands contaminated with hazardous wastes and meets certain other requirements.

The City must provide the military service with sufficient notice of its intent to certify an EIR to ensure that the military service has no fewer than thirty (30) days to review the document; or forty-five (45) days to review the environmental documents before they are approved if the documents have been submitted to the State Clearinghouse.

It should be noted that the effect, or potential effect, a project may have on military activities does not itself constitute an adverse effect on the environment pursuant to CEQA. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, §§ 21080.4, 21092; Health & Safety Code, §§ 25300, et seq., 25396, 25187; State CEQA Guidelines, § 15082(a).)

7.05 ENVIRONMENTAL LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT PROJECT.

Under certain circumstances, a project applicant may choose to apply to the Governor of the State of California to have the project certified as an Environmental Leadership Development Project. A project may qualify as an Environmental Leadership Development Project if it is one of the following:
(1) A residential, retail, commercial, sports, cultural, entertainment, or recreational use project that meets the following standards:

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-4 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP  The project is certified as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) gold or better by the United States Green Building Council; and  The project, where applicable, achieves a 15 percent greater standard for transportation efficiency than comparable projects; and  The project is located on an infill site; and
 For a project that is within a metropolitan planning organization for which a sustainable communities strategy or alternative planning strategy is in effect, the infill project shall be consistent with the general use designation, density, building intensity, and applicable policies specified for the project area in either a sustainable communities strategy or an alternative planning strategy, for which the State Air Resources Board has accepted a metropolitan planning organization’s determination, under subparagraph (H) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) of Section 65080 of the Government Code, that the sustainable communities strategy or the alternative planning strategy would, if implemented, achieve the greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. (2) A clean renewable energy project that generates electricity exclusively through wind or solar, but not including waste incineration or conversion. (3) A clean energy manufacturing project that manufactures products, equipment, or components used for renewable energy generation, energy efficiency, or for the production of clean alternative fuel vehicles.
(4) A housing development project—i.e., a project that entails either residential units only; mixed-use developments consisting of residential and nonresidential uses with at least two-thirds of the square footage designated for residential use; or transitional housing or supportive housing—that meets all of the following conditions:
 The housing development project is located on an infill site.  For a housing development project that is located within a metropolitan planning organization for which a sustainable communities strategy or alternative planning strategy is in effect, the project is consistent with the general use designation, density, building intensity, and applicable policies specified for the project area in either a sustainable communities strategy or an alternative planning strategy, for which the State Air Resources Board has accepted a metropolitan planning organization’s determination, under subparagraph (H) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) of Section 65080 of the Government Code, that the sustainable communities strategy or the alternative planning strategy would, if implemented, achieve the greenhouse gas emission reduction targets.
 Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 21183, the housing development project will result in a minimum investment of fifteen million

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-5 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP dollars ($15,000,000), but less than one hundred million dollars ($100,000,000), in California upon completion of construction.  At least 15 percent of the housing development project is dedicated as housing that is affordable to lower income households, as defined in Section 50079.5 of the Health and Safety Code. Upon completion of a housing development project that is qualified under this paragraph and is certified by the Governor, the lead agency or applicant of the project shall notify the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation of the number of housing units and affordable housing units established by the project. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a local agency has adopted an inclusionary zoning ordinance that establishes a minimum percentage for affordable housing within the jurisdiction in which the housing development project is located that is higher than 15 percent, the percentage specified in the inclusionary zoning ordinance shall be the threshold for affordable housing.
 Except for use as a residential hotel, as defined in Section 50519 of the Health and Safety Code, no part of the housing development project shall be used for a rental unit for a term shorter than 30 days, or designated for hotel, motel, bed and breakfast inn, or other transient lodging use. Moreover, no part of the housing development project shall be used for manufacturing or industrial uses.

The Governor may certify a leadership project for streamlining before the lead agency certifies an EIR for the project if various conditions set forth in Public Resources Code section 21182 are met. The conditions include but are not limited to the following: (1) except as set forth above, the project will result in a minimum investment of one hundred million dollars ($100,000,000) in California upon completion of construction; (2) the project creates high-wage, highly skilled jobs that pay prevailing wages and living wages, provide construction jobs and permanent jobs for Californians, helps reduce unemployment, and promotes apprenticeship training; and (3) the project will not result in any net additional emission of greenhouse gases, including greenhouse gas emissions from employee transportation.

If the Governor certifies a project as an Environmental Leadership Development Project, any lawsuit challenging the project—including any potential appeals to the court of appeal or the California Supreme Court—must be resolved, to the extent feasible, within 270 days of the filing of the certified record of proceedings with the trial court.

This section shall remain in effect until January 1, 2026. This section does not comprehensively set forth the rules governing Environmental Leadership Development projects.

For more information, please see Chapter 6.5 of the Public Resources Code, starting with Public Resources Code section 21178.

7.06 PREPARATION OF DRAFT EIR.

The Lead Agency is responsible for preparing a Draft EIR. The Lead Agency may begin preparation of the Draft EIR without awaiting responses to the Notice of Preparation. However,

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-6 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP information communicated to the Lead Agency not later than thirty (30) days after receipt of the Notice of Preparation shall be included in the Draft EIR. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15084.)

7.07 CONSULTATION WITH CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES.

Prior to the release of a Draft EIR for a project, the Lead Agency shall begin consultation with a California Native American tribe that is traditionally and culturally affiliated with the geographic area of the proposed project if:
(a) The California Native American tribe requested to the Lead Agency, in writing, to be informed by the Lead Agency through formal notification of proposed projects in the geographic area that is traditionally and culturally affiliated with the tribe; and

(b) The California Native American tribe responds, in writing, within 30 days of receipt of the formal notification, and requests the consultation. The California Native American tribe shall designate a lead contact person when responding to the Lead Agency. If a lead contact is not designated by the California Native American tribe, or if it designates multiple lead contact people, the Lead Agency shall defer to the individuals listed on the contact list maintained by the Native American Heritage Commission. Consultation is defined in Local Guidelines Section 11.11.

To expedite the requirements of this section, the Native American Heritage Commission shall assist the Lead Agency in identifying the California American Native tribes that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with the project area.

Within 14 days of determining that an application for a project is complete or a decision by a public agency to undertake a project, the Lead Agency shall provide formal notification to the designated contact of, or a trial representative of, traditionally and culturally affiliated California Native America tribes that have requested notice, which shall be accomplished by at least one written notification that includes a brief description of the proposed project and its location, the Lead Agency contact information, and a notification that the California Native American tribe has 30 days to request consultation.

The Lead Agency shall begin the consultation process within 30 days of receiving a California Native American tribe's request for consultation.

If consultation is requested, the parties may propose mitigation measures, including those set forth in Public Resources Code section 21084.3, capable of avoiding or substantially lessening potential significant impacts to a tribal cultural resource or alternatives that would avoid significant impacts to a tribal cultural resource. The consultation may include discussion concerning the type of environmental review necessary, the significance of tribal cultural resources, the significance of the project's impacts on the tribal cultural resources, and, if necessary, project alternatives or the appropriate measures for preservation or mitigation that the California Native American tribe may recommend to the lead agency.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-7 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP The consultation shall be considered concluded when either of the following occurs:
(1) The parties agree to measures to mitigate or avoid a significant effect, if a significant effect exists, on a tribal cultural resource. (2) A party, acting in good faith and after reasonable effort, concludes that mutual agreement cannot be reached.

The California Native American tribe is not limited in its ability to submit information to the Lead Agency regarding the significance of the tribal cultural resources, the significance of the project's impact on tribal cultural resources, or any appropriate measures to mitigate the impacts.

Additionally, the Lead Agency or project proponent is not limited in its ability to incorporate changes and additions to the project as a result of the consultation, even if not legally required. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, §§ 21080.3.1, 21080.3.2.)

7.08 IDENTIFICATION OF TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES AND PROCESSING OF INFORMATION

AFTER CONSULTATION WITH THE CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBE After consultation with the California Native American tribe listed above in Local Guidelines Section 7.07, any mitigation measures agreed upon in the consultation conducted pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21080.3.2 shall be recommended for inclusion in the EIR and in an adopted mitigation monitoring and reporting program, if the mitigation measures are determined to avoid or lessen the proposed project’s impacts on tribal cultural resources, and if the mitigation measures are enforceable.

If a project may have a significant impact on a tribal cultural resource, the Lead Agency's EIR shall discuss both of the following:
(a) Whether the proposed project has a significant impact on an identified tribal cultural resource;
(b) Whether feasible alternatives or mitigation measures, including those measures that may be agreed to during the consultation, avoid or substantially lessen the impact on the identified tribal cultural resource.

Any information provided regarding the location, description and use of the tribal cultural resource that is submitted by a California Native American tribe during the environmental review process shall not be included in the EIR or otherwise disclosed by the lead agency or any other public agency to the public, consistent with Government Code section 7927.005, and State CEQA Guidelines section 15120(d), without the prior consent of the tribe that provided the information.

If the Lead Agency publishes any information submitted by a California Native American tribe during the consultation or environmental review process, that information shall be published in a confidential appendix to the EIR unless the tribe provides consent, in writing, to the disclosure of some or all of the information to the public. This does not prohibit the confidential exchange of the submitted information between public agencies that have lawful jurisdiction over the preparation of the EIR.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-8 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP The exchange of confidential information regarding tribal cultural resources submitted by a California Native American tribe during the consultation or environmental review process among the Lead Agency, the California Native American tribe, the project applicant, or the project applicant's agent is not prohibited by Public Resources Code section 21082.3. The project applicant and the project applicant's legal advisers must use a reasonable degree of care and maintain the confidentiality of the information exchanged for the purposes of preventing looting, vandalism, or damage to tribal cultural resources and shall not disclose to a third party confidential information regarding the cultural resource unless the California Native American tribe providing the information consents in writing to the public disclosure of such information.

Public Resources Code section 21082.3 does not prevent a Lead Agency or other public agency from describing the information in general terms in the EIR so as to inform the public of the basis of the Lead Agency's or other public agency's decision without breaching the confidentiality required. In addition, a Lead Agency may certify an EIR for a project with a significant impact on an identified tribal cultural resource only if one of the following occurs:
(a) The consultation process between the California Native American tribe and the Lead Agency has occurred as provided in Public Resources Code sections 21080.3.1 and 21080.3.2 and concluded pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 21080.3.2.
(b) The California Native American tribe has requested consultation pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21080.3.1 and has failed to provide comments to the Lead Agency, or otherwise failed to engage, in the consultation process. (c) The Lead Agency has complied with subdivision (d) of Section 21080.3.1 of the Public Resources Code and the California Native American tribe has failed to request consultation within 30 days.

If substantial evidence demonstrates that a project will cause a significant effect to a tribal cultural resource but the decision-makers do not include the mitigation measures recommended by the staff in the Draft EIR, or if there are no agreed upon mitigation measures at the conclusion of the consultation, or if no consultation has occurred, the Lead Agency must still consider the adoption of feasible mitigation.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21082.3.)

7.09 SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE IMPACTS TO TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES Public agencies shall, when feasible, avoid damaging effects to any tribal cultural resource.

If the Lead Agency determines that a project may cause a substantial adverse change to a tribal cultural resource, and measures are not otherwise identified in the consultation process provided in Public Resources Code section 21080.3.2 as set forth in Local Guidelines Section 7.07, the following examples of mitigation measures, if feasible, may be considered to avoid or minimize the significant adverse impacts:
(a) Avoidance and preservation of the resources in place, including, but not limited to, planning and construction to avoid the resources and protect the cultural and natural

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-9 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP context, or planning greenspace, parks, or other open space, to incorporate the resources with culturally appropriate protection and management criteria. (b) Treating the resource with culturally appropriate dignity taking into account the tribal cultural values and meaning of the resource, including, but not limited to the following:
(1) Protecting the cultural character and integrity of the resource. (2) Protecting the traditional use of the resource.
(3) Protecting the confidentiality of the resource.
(c) Permanent conservation easements or other interests in real property, with culturally appropriate management criteria for the purposes of preserving or utilizing the resources or places.
(d) Protecting the resource.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21084.3.)

7.10 CONSULTATION WITH OTHER AGENCIES AND PERSONS.

To expedite consultation in response to the Notice of Preparation, the Lead Agency, a Responsible Agency, or a project applicant may request a meeting among the agencies involved to assist in determining the scope and content of the environmental information that the involved agencies may require. For any project that may affect highways or other facilities under the jurisdiction of the State Department of Transportation, the Department of Transportation can request a scoping meeting. When acting as Lead Agency, the City must convene the meeting as soon as possible but no later than thirty (30) days after a request is made. When acting as a Responsible Agency, the City should make any requests for consultation as soon as possible after receiving a Notice of Preparation.

Prior to completion of the Draft EIR, the Lead Agency shall consult with each Responsible Agency and any public agency that has jurisdiction by law over the project.

When acting as a Lead Agency, the City may fulfill this obligation by distributing the Notice of Preparation in compliance with Local Guidelines Section 7.03 and soliciting the comments of Responsible Agencies, Trustee Agencies, and other affected agencies. The City may also consult with any individual who has special expertise with respect to any environmental impacts involved with a project. The City may also consult directly with any person or organization it believes will be concerned with the environmental effects of the project, including any interested individuals and organizations of which the City is reasonably aware. The purpose of this consultation is to “scope” the EIR’s range of analysis. When a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration will be prepared for a project, no scoping meeting need be held, although the City may hold one if it so chooses. For private projects, the City as Lead Agency may charge and collect from the applicant a fee not to exceed the actual cost of the consultations.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-10 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP In addition to soliciting comments on the Notice of Preparation, the Lead Agency may be required to conduct a scoping meeting to gather additional input regarding the impacts to be analyzed in the EIR. The Lead Agency is required to conduct a scoping meeting when:
(a) The meeting is requested by a Responsible Agency, a Trustee Agency, the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation, or a project applicant;
(b) The project is one of “statewide, regional or area wide significance” as defined in State CEQA Guidelines section 15206; or
(c) The project may affect highways or other facilities under the jurisdiction of the State Department of Transportation, and the Department of Transportation has requested a scoping meeting.

When acting as Lead Agency, the City shall provide notice of the scoping meeting to all of the following:
(a) Any county or city that borders on a county or city within which the project is located, unless the City has a specific agreement to the contrary with that county or city; (b) Any Responsible Agency;
(c) Any public agency that has jurisdiction by law over the project; (d) A transportation planning agency, or any public agency that has transportation facilities within its jurisdiction, that could be affected by the project; and (e) Any organization or individual who has filed a written request for the notice.

The requirement for providing notice of a scoping meeting may be met by including the notice of the public scoping meeting in the public meeting notice.

Government Code section 65352 requires that before a legislative body may adopt or substantially amend a general plan, the planning agency must refer the proposed action to any city or county, within or abutting the area covered by the proposal, and any special district that may be significantly affected by the proposed action. CEQA allows that referral procedure to be conducted concurrently with the scoping meeting required pursuant to this section of the Local CEQA Guidelines.

For projects that are also subject to NEPA, a scoping meeting held pursuant to NEPA satisfies the CEQA scoping requirement as long as notice is provided to the agencies and individuals listed above, and in accordance with these Local Guidelines. (See Local Guideline

5.04 for a discussion of NEPA.)
The City shall call the scoping meeting as soon as possible but not later than 30 days after the meeting was requested. If the scoping meeting is being conducted concurrently with the procedure in Government Code section 65352 for the consideration of adoption or amendment of general plans, each entity receiving a proposed general plan or amendment of a general plan should have 45 days from the date the referring agency mails it or delivers it in which to comment unless a longer period is specified. The commenting entity may submit its comments at the scoping meeting.

A Responsible Agency or other public agency shall only make comments regarding those activities that are within its area of expertise or that are required to be carried out or approved by

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-11 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP the Responsible Agency. These comments must be supported by specific documentation. Any mitigation measures submitted to the City by a Responsible or Trustee Agency shall be limited to measures that mitigate impacts to resources that are within the Responsible or Trustee Agency’s authority.

For projects of statewide, area-wide, or regional significance, consultation with transportation planning agencies or with public agencies that have transportation facilities within their jurisdictions shall be for the purpose of obtaining information concerning the project’s effect on major local arterials, public transit, freeways, highways, overpasses, on-ramps, off-ramps, and rail transit services. Moreover, the Lead Agency should also consult with public transit agencies with facilities within one-half mile of the proposed project. Any transportation planning agency or public agency that provides information to the Lead Agency must be notified of, and provided with, copies of any environmental documents relating to the project. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15082, 15083.)

7.11 EARLY CONSULTATION ON PROJECTS INVOLVING PERMIT ISSUANCE.

When the project involves the issuance of a lease, permit, license, certificate, or other entitlement for use by one or more public agencies, the City, upon request of the applicant, shall meet with the applicant regarding the range of actions, potential alternatives, mitigation measures and significant effects to be analyzed in depth in the EIR. The City may also consult with concerned persons identified by the applicant and persons who have made written requests to be consulted. Such requests for early consultation must be made not later than thirty (30) days after the City’s decision to prepare an EIR.

7.12 CONSULTATION WITH WATER AGENCIES REGARDING LARGE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.

For certain development projects, cities and counties must consult with water agencies. If the City is a water provider for the project, the city or county may request consultation with the City. (See Local Guidelines Sections 5.16 and 5.17 for more information on these requirements.) (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15155.)

7.13 AIRPORT LAND USE PLAN.

When the City prepares an EIR for a project within the boundaries of a comprehensive airport land use plan, or, if such a plan has not been adopted, for a project within two (2) nautical miles of a public airport or public use airport, the City shall utilize the Airport Land Use Planning Handbook published by Caltrans’ Division of Aeronautics to assist in the preparation of the EIR relative to potential airport or related safety hazards and noise problems. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15154.)

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7.14 GENERAL ASPECTS OF AN EIR.

Both a Draft and Final EIR must contain the information outlined in Local Guidelines Sections 7.17 and 7.18. Each element must be covered, and when elements are not separated into distinct sections, the document must state where in the document each element is covered.

The body of the EIR shall include summarized technical data, maps, diagrams and similar relevant information. Highly technical and specialized analyses and data should be included in appendices. Appendices may be prepared in separate volumes, but must be equally available to the public for examination. All documents used in preparation of the EIR must be referenced. An EIR shall not include “trade secrets,” locations of archaeological sites and sacred lands, or any other information subject to the disclosure restrictions of the Public Records Act (Government Code section 7920.000, et seq.).

The EIR should discuss environmental effects in proportion to their severity and probability of occurrence. Effects dismissed in the Initial Study as clearly insignificant and unlikely to occur need not be discussed.

The Initial Study should be used to focus the EIR so that the EIR identifies and discusses only the specific environmental problems or aspects of the project that have been identified as potentially significant or important. A copy of the Initial Study should be attached to the EIR or included in the administrative record to provide a basis for limiting the impacts discussed.

The EIR shall contain a statement briefly indicating the reason for determining that various effects of a project that could possibly be considered significant were not found to be significant and consequently were not discussed in detail in the EIR. The City should also note any conclusion by it that a particular impact is too speculative for evaluation.

The EIR should omit unnecessary descriptions of projects and emphasize feasible mitigation measures and alternatives to projects.

7.15 USE OF REGISTERED CONSULTANTS IN PREPARING EIRS.

An EIR is not a technical document that can be prepared only by a registered consultant or professional. However, state statutes may provide that only registered professionals can prepare certain technical studies that will be used in an EIR, or that will control the detailed design, construction, or operation of the proposed project and that will be prepared in support of an EIR. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15149.)

7.16 INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE.

An EIR, Negative Declaration, or Mitigated Negative Declaration may incorporate by reference all or portions of another document that is a matter of public record or is generally available to the public. Any incorporated document shall be considered to be set forth in full as part of the text of the environmental document. When all or part of another document is incorporated by reference, that document shall be made available to the public for inspection at

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-13 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP the City’s offices. The environmental document shall state where incorporated documents will be available for inspection.

When incorporation by reference is used, the incorporated part of the referenced document shall be briefly summarized, if possible, or briefly described if the data or information cannot be summarized. The relationship between the incorporated document and the EIR, Negative Declaration, or Mitigated Negative Declaration shall be described. When information from an environmental document that has previously been reviewed through the state review system (“State Clearinghouse”) is incorporated by the City, the state identification number of the incorporated document should be included in the summary or text of the EIR. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15150.)

7.17 STANDARDS FOR ADEQUACY OF AN EIR.

An EIR should be prepared with a sufficient degree of analysis to provide decision-makers with information that enables them to make a decision that takes into account the environmental consequences of the project. The evaluation of environmental effects need not be exhaustive, but must be within the scope of what is reasonably feasible. The EIR should be written and presented in such a way that it can be understood by governmental decision-makers and members of the public. A good faith effort at completeness is necessary. The adequacy of an EIR is assessed in terms of what is reasonable in light of factors such as the magnitude of the project at issue, the severity of its likely environmental impacts, and the geographic scope of the project. CEQA does not require a Lead Agency to conduct every test or perform all research, study, and experimentation recommended or demanded by commenters, but CEQA does require the Lead Agency to make a good faith, reasoned response to timely comments raising significant environmental issues.

There is no need to unreasonably delay adoption of an EIR in order to include results of studies in progress, even if those studies will shed some additional light on subjects related to the project.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15151.)

7.18 FORM AND CONTENT OF EIR.

The text of the EIR should normally be less than 150 pages. For proposals of unusual scope or complexity, the EIR may be longer than 150 pages but should normally be less than 300 pages. The required contents of an EIR are set forth in Sections 15122 through 15132 of the State CEQA Guidelines. In brief, the EIR must contain:
(a) A table of contents or an index;
(b) A brief summary of the proposed project, including each significant effect with proposed mitigation measures and alternatives, areas of known controversy and issues to be resolved including the choice among alternatives, how to mitigate the significant effects and whether there are any significant and unavoidable impacts (generally, the summary should be less than fifteen (15) pages);

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-14 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (c) A description of the proposed project, including its underlying purpose and a list of permit and other approvals required to implement the project (see Local Guidelines Section 7.24 regarding analysis of future project expansion);
(d) A description of the environmental setting, which includes the project’s physical environmental conditions from both a local and regional perspective at the time the Notice of Preparation is published, or if no Notice of Preparation is published, at the time environmental analysis begins. (State CEQA Guidelines section 15125.) This environmental setting will normally constitute the baseline physical conditions by which the Lead Agency determines whether an impact is significant. However, the City, when acting as Lead Agency, may choose any baseline that is appropriate as long as the City’s choice of baseline is supported by substantial evidence; (e) A discussion of any inconsistencies between the proposed project and applicable general, specific and regional plans. Such plans include, but are not limited to, the applicable air quality attainment or maintenance plan or State Implementation Plan, area-wide waste treatment and water quality control plans, regional transportation plans, regional housing allocation, regional blueprint plans, plans for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, habitat conservation plans, natural community conservation plans and regional land use plans;
(f) A description of the direct and indirect significant environmental impacts of the proposed project explaining which, if any, can be avoided or mitigated to a level of insignificance, indicating reasons that various possible significant effects were determined not to be significant and denoting any significant effects that are unavoidable or could not be mitigated to a level of insignificance. Direct and indirect significant effects shall be clearly identified and described, giving due consideration to both short-term and long-term effects; (g) Potentially significant energy implications of a project must be considered to the extent relevant and applicable to the project (see Local Guidelines Section 5.20); (h) An analysis of a range of alternatives to the proposed project that could feasibly attain the project’s objectives as discussed in Local Guidelines Section 7.23; (i) A description of any significant irreversible environmental changes that would be involved in the proposed action should it be implemented if, and only if, the EIR is being prepared in connection with:
(1) The adoption, amendment, or enactment of a plan, policy, or ordinance of a public agency;
(2) The adoption by a Local Agency Formation Commission of a resolution making determinations; or
(3) A project that will be subject to the requirement for preparing an Environmental Impact Statement pursuant to NEPA;
(j) An analysis of the growth-inducing impacts of the proposed action. The discussion should include ways in which the project could foster economic or population growth, or the construction of additional housing, either directly or indirectly, in the surrounding environment. Growth-inducing impacts may include the estimated energy consumption of growth induced by the project;

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-15 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (k) A discussion of any significant, reasonably anticipated future developments and the cumulative effects of all proposed and anticipated action as discussed in Local Guidelines Section 7.24;
(l) In certain situations, a regional analysis should be completed for certain impacts, such as air quality;
(m) A discussion of any economic or social effects, to the extent that they cause, or may be used to determine, significant environmental impacts;
(n) A statement briefly indicating the reasons that various possible significant effects of a project were determined not to be significant and, therefore, were not discussed in the EIR; (o) The identity of all federal, state or local agencies or other organizations and private individuals consulted in preparing the EIR, and the identity of the persons, firm or agency preparing the EIR, by contract or other authorization. To the fullest extent possible, the City should integrate CEQA review with these related environmental review and consultation requirements;
(p) A discussion of those potential effects of the proposed project on the environment that the City has determined are or may be significant. The discussion on other effects may be limited to a brief explanation as to why those effects are not potentially significant; and (q) A description of feasible measures, as set forth in Local Guidelines Section 7.22, which could minimize significant adverse impacts.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15120-15148.)

7.19 CONSIDERATION AND DISCUSSION OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS.

An EIR must identify and focus on the significant effects of the proposed project on the environment. In assessing the proposed project’s potential impacts on the environment, the City should normally limit its examination to comparing changes that would result from the project as compared to the existing physical conditions in the affected area as they exist when the Notice of Preparation is published. If a Notice of Preparation is not published for the project, the City should compare the proposed project’s potential impacts to the physical conditions that exist at the time environmental review begins. Direct and indirect significant effects of the project on the environment must be clearly identified and described, considering both the short-term and long- term effects. The discussion should include relevant specifics of the area, the resources involved, physical changes, alterations to ecological systems, and changes induced in population distribution, population concentration, the human use of the land (including commercial and residential development), health and safety problems caused by the physical changes, and other aspects of the project that may impact resources in the project area, such as water, historical resources, scenic quality, and public services. The EIR must also analyze any significant environmental effects the project might cause or risk exacerbating by bringing development and people into the area. If applicable, an EIR should also evaluate any potentially significant direct, indirect, or cumulative environmental impacts of locating development in areas susceptible to hazardous conditions (e.g., floodplains, coastlines, wildfire risk areas), including both short-term and long-term conditions, as identified on authoritative hazard maps, risk assessments or in land use plans addressing such hazards areas.

If analysis of the project's energy use reveals that the project may result in significant environmental effects due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary use of energy, or wasteful use

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-16 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP of energy resources, the EIR shall mitigate that energy use. This analysis should include the project's energy use for all project phases and components, including transportation-related energy, during construction and operation. In addition to building code compliance, other relevant considerations may include, among others, the project's size, location, orientation, equipment use and any renewable energy features that could be incorporated into the project. This analysis is subject to the rule of reason and shall focus on energy use that is caused by the project. This analysis may be included in related analyses of air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, transportation or utilities in the discretion of the Lead Agency.

The EIR must describe all significant impacts, including those that can be mitigated but not reduced to a level of insignificance. Where there are impacts that cannot be alleviated without imposing an alternative design, their implications and the reasons why the project is being proposed, notwithstanding their effect, should be described.

The EIR must also discuss any significant irreversible environmental changes that would be caused by the project. For example, use of nonrenewable resources during the initial and continued phases of a project may be irreversible if a large commitment of such resources makes removal or nonuse thereafter unlikely. Additionally, irreversible commitment of resources may include a discussion of how the project preempts future energy development or future energy conservation. Irretrievable commitments of resources to the proposed project should be evaluated to assure that such current consumption is justified.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21100.)

7.20 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
An EIR must include a description of the physical environmental conditions in the vicinity of the project. This environmental setting will normally constitute the baseline physical conditions by which the Lead Agency determines whether an impact is significant. The description of the environmental setting shall be no longer than is necessary to provide an understanding of the significant effects of the proposed project and its alternatives. The purpose of this requirement is to give the public and decision makers the most accurate and understandable picture practically possible of the project's likely near-term and long-term impacts. (1) Generally, the Lead Agency should describe physical environmental conditions as they exist at the time the Notice of Preparation is published, or if no Notice of Preparation is published, at the time environmental analysis is commenced, from both a local and regional perspective.

Where existing conditions change or fluctuate over time, and where necessary to provide the most accurate picture practically possible of the project's impacts, the Lead Agency may define existing conditions by referencing historic conditions, or conditions expected when the project becomes operational, or both, that are supported with substantial evidence. In addition, the Lead Agency may also use baselines consisting of both existing conditions and projected future conditions that are supported by reliable projections based on substantial evidence in the record. (2) The Lead Agency may use projected future conditions (beyond the date of project operations) as the sole baseline for analysis only if it demonstrates with substantial evidence that use of existing conditions would be either misleading or without informative value to decision-

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-17 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP makers and the public. Use of projected future conditions as the only baseline must be supported by reliable projections based on substantial evidence in the record. (3) An existing conditions baseline shall not include hypothetical conditions—such as those that might be allowed, but have never actually occurred, under existing permits or plans— as the baseline.
(State CEQA Guidelines, § 15125.)

7.21 ANALYSIS OF CUMULATIVE IMPACTS.

An EIR must discuss cumulative impacts when the project’s incremental effect is “cumulatively considerable” as defined in Local Guidelines Section 11.13. When the City is examining a project with an incremental effect that is not “cumulatively considerable,” it need not consider that effect significant, but must briefly describe the basis for this conclusion. A project’s contribution may be less than cumulatively considerable if the project is required to implement or fund its fair share of a mitigation measure designed to alleviate the cumulative impact. When relying on a fee program or mitigation measure(s), the City must identify facts and analysis supporting its conclusion that the cumulative impact is less than significant.

The City may determine that a project’s incremental contribution to a cumulative effect is not cumulatively considerable if the project will comply with the requirements in a previously approved plan or mitigation program that provides specific requirements that will avoid or substantially lessen the cumulative problem in the geographic area in which the project is located.

Such plans and programs may include, but are not limited to:
(1) Water quality control plans;
(2) Air quality attainment or maintenance plans;
(3) Integrated waste management plans;
(4) Habitat conservation plans;
(5) Natural community conservation plans; and/or
(6) Plans or regulations for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

When relying on such a regulation, plan, or program, the City should explain how implementing the particular requirements of the plan, regulation or program will ensure that the project’s incremental contribution to the cumulative effect is not cumulatively considerable.

A cumulative impact consists of an impact that is created as a result of the combination of the project evaluated in the EIR together with other projects causing related impacts. An EIR should not discuss impacts that do not result in part from the project evaluated in the EIR.

The discussion of cumulative impacts in an EIR must focus on the cumulative impacts to which the identified other projects contribute, rather than on the attributes of other projects that do

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-18 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP not contribute to the cumulative impact. The discussion of significant cumulative impacts must include either of the following:
(1) A list of past, present, and probable future projects causing related or cumulative impacts including, if necessary, those projects outside the control of the City; or (2) A summary of projections contained in an adopted local, regional or statewide plan, or related planning document, that describes or evaluates conditions contributing to the cumulative effect. Such plans may include: a general plan, regional transportation plan, or a plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. A summary of projections may also be contained in an adopted or certified prior environmental document for such a plan. Such projections may be supplemented with additional information such as a regional modeling program. Documents used in creating a summary of projections must be referenced and made available to the public.

When utilizing a list, as suggested above, factors to consider when determining whether to include a related project should include the nature of each environmental resource being examined and the location and type of project. Location may be important, for example, when water quality impacts are involved since projects outside the watershed would probably not contribute to a cumulative effect. Project type may be important, for example, when the impact is specialized, such as a particular air pollutant or mode of traffic.

Public Resources Code section 21094 also states that if a Lead Agency determines that a cumulative effect has been adequately addressed in an earlier EIR, it need not be examined in a later EIR if the later project’s incremental contribution to the cumulative effect is not cumulatively considerable. A cumulative effect has been adequately addressed in the prior EIR if:
(1) it has been mitigated or avoided as a result of the prior EIR; or (2) the cumulative effect has been examined in a sufficient level of detail to enable the effect to be mitigated or avoided by site-specific revisions, the imposition of conditions, or other means in connection with the approval of the later project.

Public Resources Code section 21094 only applies to earlier projects that (1) are consistent with the program, plan, policy, or ordinance for which an environmental impact report has been prepared and certified, (2) are consistent with applicable local land use plans and zoning of the city, county, or city and county in which the later project would be located and (3) are not subject to Public Resources Code section 21166.

If the Lead Agency determines that the cumulative effect has been adequately addressed in a prior EIR, the Lead Agency should clearly explain the basis for its determination in the current environmental documentation for the project.

The City should define the geographic scope of the area affected by the cumulative effect and provide a reasonable explanation for the geographic limitation used. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15130.)

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7.22 ANALYSIS OF MITIGATION MEASURES.

The discussion of mitigation measures in an EIR must distinguish between measures proposed by project proponents and other measures proposed by Lead, Responsible or Trustee Agencies. This discussion shall identify mitigation measures for each significant environmental effect identified in the EIR.

Where several measures are available to mitigate an impact, each should be disclosed and the basis for selecting a particular measure should be identified. Formulation of mitigation measures shall not be deferred until some future time The specific details of a mitigation measure, however, may be developed after project approval when it is impractical or infeasible to include those details during the project's environmental review provided that the Lead Agency (1) commits itself to the mitigation, (2) adopts specific performance standards the mitigation will achieve, and (3) identifies the type(s) of potential action(s) that can feasibly achieve that performance standard and that will be considered, analyzed, and potentially incorporated in the mitigation measure.

Compliance with a regulatory permit or other similar process may be identified as mitigation if compliance would result in implementation of measures that would be reasonably expected, based on substantial evidence in the record, to reduce the significant impact to the specified performance standards.

If a mitigation measure would cause one or more significant effects in addition to those that would be caused by the project as proposed, the effects of the mitigation measure shall be disclosed but in less detail than the significant effects of the project itself.

If a project includes a housing development, the City may not reduce the project’s proposed number of housing units as a mitigation measure or project alternative if the City determines that there is another feasible specific mitigation measure or project alternative that would provide a comparable level of mitigation without reducing the number of housing units.

Mitigation measures must be fully enforceable through permit conditions, agreements, or other legally binding instruments. In the case of the adoption of a plan, policy, regulation, or other public project, mitigation measures can be incorporated into the plan, policy, regulation, or project design. Mitigation measures must also be consistent with all applicable constitutional requirements such as the “nexus” and “rough proportionality” standards—i.e., there must be an essential nexus between the mitigation measure and a legitimate governmental interest, and the mitigation measure must be “roughly proportional” to the impacts of the project.

Where maintenance, repair, stabilization, rehabilitation, restoration, preservation, conservation or reconstruction of a historical resource will be conducted in a manner consistent with the Secretary of the Interior’s “Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Reconstructing Historic Buildings” (1995), Weeks and Grimmer, the project’s impact on the historical resource shall generally be considered mitigated below a level of significance and thus not significant.

The City should, whenever feasible, seek to avoid damaging effects on any historical resource of an archaeological nature. The following must be considered and discussed in an EIR for a project involving an archaeological site:

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-20 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (a) Preservation in place is the preferred manner of mitigating impacts to archaeological sites; and
(b) Preservation in place may be accomplished by, but is not limited to, the following:
(1) Planning construction to avoid archaeological sites; (2) Incorporation of sites within parks, green space, or other open spaces; (3) Covering the archaeological sites with a layer of chemically stable soil before building tennis courts, parking lots, or similar facilities on the site; and/or (4) Deeding the site into a permanent conservation easement.

When data recovery through excavation is the only feasible mitigation, a data recovery plan, which makes provision for adequately recovering the scientifically consequential information from and about the historical resource, shall be prepared and adopted prior to excavation. Such studies must be deposited with the California Historical Resources Regional Information Center.

Data recovery shall not be required for a historical resource if the City determines that existing testing or studies have adequately recovered the scientifically consequential information from and about the archaeological or historical resource, provided that the determination is documented in the EIR and that the studies are deposited with the California Historical Resources Regional Information Center.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15126.4.)

7.23 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES IN AN EIR.

The alternatives analysis must describe and evaluate the comparative merits of a range of reasonable alternatives to the project or to the location of the project which would feasibly attain most of the basic objectives of the project, but which would avoid or substantially lessen any of the significant effects of the project. An EIR need not consider every conceivable alternative to a project, and it need not consider alternatives that are infeasible. Rather, an EIR must consider a reasonable range of potentially feasible alternatives that will foster informed decision-making and public participation.

Purpose of the Alternatives Analysis: An EIR must identify ways to mitigate or avoid the significant effects that a project may have on the environment. For this reason, a discussion of alternatives must focus on alternatives to the project or its location that are capable of avoiding or substantially lessening any significant effect of the project, even if these alternatives would impede to some degree the attainment of the project objectives or would be more costly.

Selection of a Range of Reasonable Alternatives: The range of potential alternatives to the proposed project shall include those that could feasibly accomplish most of the basic purposes of the project and could avoid or substantially lessen one or more of the significant effects, even if those alternatives would be more costly or would impede to some degree the attainment of the project’s objectives. The EIR should briefly describe the rationale for selecting the alternatives to

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-21 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP be discussed. The EIR should also identify any alternatives that were considered by the Lead Agency and rejected as infeasible during the scoping process, and it should briefly explain the reasons for rejecting those alternatives. Additional information explaining the choice of alternatives should be included in the administrative record. Among the factors that may be used to eliminate alternatives from detailed consideration in an EIR are: (a) failure to meet most of the basic project objectives; (b) infeasibility; or (c) inability to avoid significant environmental impacts.

Evaluation of Alternatives: The EIR shall include sufficient information about each alternative to allow meaningful evaluation, analysis and comparison with the proposed project. A matrix displaying the major characteristics and significant environmental effects of each alternative may be used to summarize the comparison. The matrix may also identify and compare the extent to which each alternative meets project objectives. If an alternative would cause one or more significant effects in addition to those that would be caused by the project as proposed, the significant effects of the alternative shall be discussed but in less detail than the significant effects of the project as proposed.

The Rule of Reason: The range of alternatives required in an EIR is governed by a “rule of reason” which courts have held means that an alternatives discussion must be reasonable in scope and content. Therefore, the EIR must set forth only those alternatives necessary to permit public participation, informed decision-making, and a reasoned choice. The alternatives shall be limited to ones that would avoid or substantially lessen any of the significant effects of the project.

Of those alternatives, the EIR need examine in detail only the ones the City determines could feasibly attain most of the basic objectives of the project. An EIR need not consider an alternative whose effect cannot be reasonably ascertained and whose implementation is remote and speculative.

Feasibility of Alternatives: The factors that may be taken into account when addressing the feasibility of alternatives include: site suitability; economic viability; availability of infrastructure; general plan consistency; other plans or regulatory limitations; jurisdictional boundaries (projects with a regionally significant impact should consider the regional context); and whether the proponent already owns the alternative site or can reasonably acquire, control or otherwise have access to the site. No one factor establishes a fixed limit on the scope of reasonable alternatives.

Alternative Locations: The first step in the alternative location analysis is to determine whether any of the significant effects of the project could be avoided or substantially lessened by putting the project in another location. This is the key question in this analysis. Only locations that would avoid or substantially lessen any of the significant effects of the project need be considered for inclusion in the EIR.

The second step in this analysis is to determine whether any of the alternative locations are feasible. If the City concludes that no feasible alternative locations exist, it must disclose its reasons, and it should include them in the EIR. When a previous document has sufficiently analyzed a range of reasonable alternative locations and environmental impacts for a project with the same basic purpose, the City should review the previous document and incorporate the previous document by reference. To the extent the circumstances have remained substantially the same

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-22 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP with respect to an alternative, the EIR may rely on the previous document to help it assess the feasibility of the potential project alternative.

The “No Project” Alternative: The specific alternative of “no project” must be evaluated along with its impacts. The purpose of describing and analyzing the no project alternative is to allow decision-makers to compare the impacts of approving the proposed project with the impacts of not approving the proposed project. The no project alternative may be different from the baseline environmental conditions. The no project alternative will be the same as the baseline only if it is identical to the existing environmental setting and the Lead Agency has chosen the existing environmental setting as the baseline.

A discussion of the “no project” alternative should proceed along one of two lines:
(a) When the project is the revision of an existing land use or regulatory plan, policy or ongoing operation, the “no project” alternative will be the continuation of the existing plan, policy or operation into the future. Typically, this is a situation where other projects initiated under the existing plan will continue while the new plan is developed. Thus, the projected impacts of the proposed plan or alternative plans would be compared to the impacts that would occur under the existing plan; or
(b) If the project is other than a land use or regulatory plan, for example a development project on identifiable property, the “no project” alternative is the circumstance under which the project does not proceed. This discussion would compare the environmental effects of the property remaining in its existing state against environmental effects that would occur if the project is approved. If disapproval of the project would result in predictable actions by others, such as the proposal of some other project, this “no project” consequence should be discussed.

After defining the “no project” alternative, the City should proceed to analyze the impacts of the “no project” alternative by projecting what would reasonably be expected to occur in the foreseeable future if the project were not approved, based on current plans and consistent with available infrastructure and community services. If the “no project” alternative is the environmentally superior alternative, the EIR must also identify another environmentally superior alternative among the remaining alternatives.

Remote or Speculative Alternatives: An EIR need not consider an alternative whose effect cannot be reasonably ascertained and whose implementation is remote and speculative. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15126.6.)

7.24 ANALYSIS OF FUTURE EXPANSION.

An EIR must include an analysis of the environmental effects of future expansion (or other similar future modifications) if there is credible and substantial evidence that:
(a) The future expansion or action is a reasonably foreseeable consequence of the initial project; and
(b) The future expansion or action is likely to change the scope or nature of the initial project or its environmental effects.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-23 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP Absent these two circumstances, future expansion of a project need not be discussed.

CEQA does not require speculative discussion of future development that is unspecific or uncertain. However, if future action is not considered now, it must be considered and environmentally evaluated before it is actually implemented. (Reference: Laurel Heights Improvement Ass’n v. Regents of University of California (1988) 47 Cal.3d 376, 396.)

7.25 NOTICE OF COMPLETION OF DRAFT EIR; NOTICE OF AVAILABILITY OF DRAFT EIR.

Notice of Completion. When the Draft EIR is completed, a Notice of Completion (Form “H”) must be filed with the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation in an electronic form via the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation’s CEQASubmit website, which is located at the following web address: https://ceqasubmit.lci.ca.gov/. The Notice of Completion shall contain:
(a) A brief description of the proposed project;
(b) The location of the proposed project including the proposed project’s latitude and longitude;
(c) An address where copies of the Draft EIR are available and a description of how the Draft EIR can be provided in an electronic format; and
(d) The review period during which comments will be received on the Draft EIR.

The Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation has developed a model form Notice of Completion. Form H follows LCI’s model. To ensure that the documents are accepted by LCI staff, this form should be used when documents are transmitted to the State Clearinghouse.

Notice of Availability. At the same time it sends a Notice of Completion to the LCI, the City shall provide public notice of the availability of the Draft EIR by distributing a Notice of Availability of Draft EIR (Form “K”). The Notice of Availability shall include at least the following information:
(a) A brief description of the proposed project and its location; (b) The starting and ending dates for the review period during which the City will receive comments, the manner in which the City will receive those comments, and whether the review period has been shortened;
(c) The date, time, and place of any scheduled public meetings or hearings to be held by the City on the proposed project, if the City knows this information when it prepares the Notice;
(d) A list of the significant environmental effects anticipated as a result of the project; (e) The address where copies of the EIR and all documents incorporated by reference in the EIR will be available for public review, and a description of how the Draft EIR can be obtained in electronic format. This location shall be readily accessible to the public during the City’s normal working hours; and
(f) A statement indicating whether the project site is included on any list of hazardous waste facilities, land designated as hazardous waste property, or hazardous waste disposal site, and, if so, the information required in the Hazardous Waste and Substances Statement pursuant to Government Code section 65962.5.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-24 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP The Notice of Availability shall be provided to:
(a) Each Responsible and Trustee Agency;
(b) Any other federal, state, or local agency that has jurisdiction by law or exercises authority over resources affected by the project, including:
(1) Any water supply agency consulted under Local Guidelines Section 5.16; (2) Any city or county bordering on the project area;
(3) For a project of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance, any transportation agencies or public agencies that have major local arterials or public transit facilities within five (5) miles of the project site; or freeways, highways, or rail transit service within ten (10) miles of the project site that could be affected by the project; (4) For a subdivision project located within one mile of a facility of the State Water Resources Development System, the California Department of Water Resources; and
(5) For a general plan amendment, a project of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance, or a project that relates to a public use airport, to any “military service” (defined in Section 11.42 of these Local Guidelines) that has provided the City with its contact office and address and notified the City of the specific boundaries of a “low-level flight path” (defined in Section 11.37 of these Local Guidelines), “military impact zone” (defined in Section 11.41 of these Local Guidelines), or “special use airspace” (defined in Section 11.67 of these Local Guidelines; (c) The last known name and address of all organizations and individuals who have previously filed a written request with the City to receive these Notices; (d) For certain projects that may impact a low-level flight path, military impact zone, or special use airspace and that meet the other criteria of Local Guidelines Section 7.04, the specified military services contact;
(e) For certain projects that involve the construction or alteration of a facility anticipated to emit hazardous air emissions or handle hazardous substances within one-quarter mile of a school and that meet the other requirements of Local Guidelines Section 7.36, any potentially affected school district;
(f) For certain waste-burning projects that meet the requirements of Local Guidelines Section

5.11 (see also Local Guidelines Section 7.27), the owners and occupants of property within one-fourth mile of any parcel on which the project will be located; and (g) For a project that establishes or amends a redevelopment plan that contains land in agricultural use, notice and a copy of the Draft EIR shall be provided to the agricultural and farm agencies and organizations specified in Health and Safety Code section 33333.3.

The City requires requests for copies of these Notices to be in writing and to be renewed annually; moreover, the City may charge a fee for the reasonable cost of providing these Notices.

A project will not be invalidated due to a failure to send a requested Notice provided there has been substantial compliance with these notice provisions.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-25 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP Staff may also consult with and obtain comments from any person known to have special expertise or any other person or organization whose comments relative to the Draft EIR would be desirable.

Notice shall be given to the last known name and address of all organizations and individuals who have previously requested notice; by posting the notice on the website of the lead agency; and by at least one of the following :
(a) Publication of the Notice of Completion and/or the Notice of Availability at least once in a newspaper of general circulation in the area affected by the proposed project. If more than one area will be affected, the notice shall be published in the newspaper of largest circulation from among the newspapers of general circulation in those areas; (b) Posting of the Notice of Completion and/or the Notice of Availability on and off site in the area where the project is to be located; or
(c) Direct mailing of the Notice of Completion and/or the Notice of Availability to owners and occupants of property contiguous to the project, as identified on the latest equalized assessment roll.

The Notice of Completion and Notice of Availability shall be posted in the office of the Clerk in each county in which the project is located for at least thirty (30) days. If the public review period for the Draft EIR is longer than thirty (30) days, the City may wish to leave the Notice posted until the public review period for the Draft EIR has expired.

Copies of the Draft EIR shall also be made available at the City office for review by members of the general public. The City may require any person obtaining a copy of the Draft EIR to reimburse the City for the actual cost of its reproduction. Copies of the Draft EIR should also be furnished to appropriate public library systems.

The City shall also post an electronic copy of the Notice of Completion, Notice of Availability, and Draft EIR on its website, if any.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21082.1; State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15085, 15087.)

7.26 SUBMISSION OF DRAFT EIR TO STATE CLEARINGHOUSE.

A Draft EIR must be submitted to the State Clearinghouse, at the same time as the Notice of Completion, in an electronic form as required by the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation, regardless of whether the document must be circulated for review and comment by state agencies under State CEQA Guidelines section 15205 and 15206. The Draft EIR must be submitted via the LCI’s CEQASubmit website (https://ceqasubmit.lci.ca.gov/). The CEQASubmit website differentiates between environmental documents that do require review and comment by state agencies and those that do not. In particular, the website provides a “Local Review Period” tab for submitting documents that do not require review and comment by state agencies, and a “State Review Period” tab for submitting documents that do require review and comment by state agencies.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-26 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP A Draft EIR must be submitted to the State Clearinghouse for review and comment by state agencies (i.e., the Draft EIR must be submitted through the CEQASubmit website under the “State Review Period” tab) in the following situations:
(a) A state agency is the Lead Agency for the Draft EIR; (b) A state agency is a Responsible Agency, Trustee Agency, or otherwise has jurisdiction by law over resources potentially affected by the project; or (c) The Draft EIR is for a project identified in State CEQA Guidelines section 15206 as being a project of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance.

State CEQA Guidelines section 15206 identifies the following types of projects as being examples of projects of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance that require submission to the State Clearinghouse for circulation:
(1) General plans, elements, or amendments for which an EIR was prepared; (2) Projects that have the potential for causing significant environmental effects beyond the city or county where the project would be located, such as:
(a) Residential development of more than 500 units;
(b) Commercial projects employing more than 1,000 persons or covering more than 500,000 square feet of floor space;
(c) Office building projects employing more than 1,000 persons or covering more than 250,000 square feet of floor space;
(d) Hotel or motel development of more than 500 rooms; and (e) Industrial projects housing more than 1,000 persons, occupying more than 40 acres of land, or covering more than 650,000 square feet of floor area; (3) Projects for the cancellation of a Williamson Act contract covering more than 100 acres;
(4) Projects in one of the following Environmentally Sensitive Areas:
(a) Lake Tahoe Basin;
(b) Santa Monica Mountains Zone;
(c) Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta;
(d) Suisun Marsh;
(e) Coastal Zone, as defined by the California Coastal Act; (f) Areas within one-quarter mile of a river designated as wild and scenic; or (g) Areas within the jurisdiction of the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission;
(5) Projects that would affect sensitive wildlife habitats or the habitats of any rare, threatened, or endangered species;
(6) Projects that would interfere with water quality standards; and

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-27 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (7) Projects that would provide housing, jobs, or occupancy for 500 or more people within 10 miles of a nuclear power plant.

A Draft EIR may also be submitted to the State Clearinghouse for review and comment by state agencies when a state agency has special expertise with regard to the environmental impacts involved.

Submission of the Draft EIR to the State Clearinghouse affects the timing of the public review period as set forth in Local Guidelines Section 7.28. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21091; State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15205, 15206.)

7.27 SPECIAL NOTICE REQUIREMENTS FOR WASTE- AND FUEL-BURNING PROJECTS.

For any waste-burning project, as defined in Local Guidelines Section 5.11, in addition to the notice requirements specified in Local Guidelines Sections 7.25 and 7.26, Notice of Availability of the Draft EIR shall be given by direct mailing or any other method calculated to provide delivery of the notice to the owners and occupants of property within one-fourth mile of any parcel or parcels on which the project is located.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21092(c).)

7.28 TIME FOR REVIEW OF DRAFT EIR; FAILURE TO COMMENT.

A period of between thirty (30) and sixty (60) days from the filing of the Notice of Completion of the Draft EIR shall be allowed for review of and comment on the Draft EIR, except in unusual situations.

If the Draft EIR is for a proposed project where a state agency is the lead agency, a responsible agency, or a trustee agency; a state agency otherwise has jurisdiction by law with respect to the project; or the proposed project is of sufficient statewide, regional, or area-wide significance as determined pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines section 15206, the review period shall be at least forty-five (45) days (unless a shorter period is approved as set forth below), and the lead agency shall provide the document in an electronic form, as required by the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation, to the State Clearinghouse for review and comment by state agencies.

For purposes of calculating the length of the public review period, the last day of the public review period cannot fall on a weekend, a legal holiday, or other day on which the lead agency’s offices are closed.2 (Reference: Rominger v. County of Colusa (2014) 229 Cal.App.4th 690, 708.) If a state agency is a Responsible Agency, or if the Draft EIR is submitted to the State Clearinghouse for review and comment by state agencies, the public review period shall be at least as long as the review period established by the State Clearinghouse. The public review period and

2 A public agency’s “offices are closed” for purposes of this section on days in which the agency is formally closed for business (for example, due to a weekend, a legal holiday, or a formal furlough affecting the entire office). A public agency’s office is not considered closed for purposes of this section where the agency’s office may be physically closed, but the agency is nonetheless open for business and is operating remotely or virtually (for example, in response to the Covid-19 pandemic).

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-28 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP the state agency review period may, but are not required to, begin and end at the same time. The state agency review period begins (day one) on the date that the State Clearinghouse distributes the Draft EIR to state agencies. The State Clearinghouse is required to distribute the Draft EIR to state agencies within three (3) working days from the date the State Clearinghouse receives the document, as long as the Draft EIR is complete when submitted to the State Clearinghouse. If the document submitted to the State Clearinghouse is not complete, the State Clearinghouse must notify the Lead Agency. The review period for the public and all other agencies may run concurrently with the state agency review period established by the State Clearinghouse.

Under certain circumstances, a shorter review period of the Draft EIR by the State Clearinghouse can be requested by the City; however, a shortened review period shall not be less than thirty (30) days for a Draft EIR. Any request for a shortened review period must be made in writing by the City to LCI. The City may designate a person to make these requests. The City must contact all Responsible and Trustee agencies and obtain their agreement prior to obtaining a shortened review period. (See the Shortened Review Request Form “P.”) A shortened review period is not available for any proposed project of statewide, regional or area-wide environmental significance as determined pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines section 15206. Any approval of a shortened review period shall be given prior to, and reflected in, the public notices.

In the event a public agency, group, or person whose comments on a Draft EIR are solicited fails to comment within the required time period, it shall be presumed that such agency, group, or person has no comment to make, unless the Lead Agency has received a written request for a specific extension of time for review and comment and a statement of reasons for the request.

Continued planning activities concerning the proposed project, short of formal approval, may continue during the period set aside for review and comment on the Draft EIR. (Reference: Pub. Resources Code, § 21091; State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15203, 15205(d).)

7.29 PUBLIC HEARING ON DRAFT EIR.

CEQA does not require formal public hearings for certification of an EIR; public comments may be restricted to written communications. (However, a hearing is required to utilize the limited exemption for Transit Priority Projects as explained in Local Guidelines Section 3.15; to adopt a bicycle transportation plan as explained in Local Guidelines Section 3.19; and for certain other actions involving the replacement or deletion of mitigation measures under State CEQA Guidelines section 15074.1.) However, if the City provides a public hearing on its consideration of a project, the City should include the project’s environmental review documents as one of the subjects of the hearing. Notice of the time and place of the hearing shall be given in a timely manner in accordance with any legal requirements applicable to the proposed project. Generally, the requirements of the Ralph M. Brown Act will provide the minimum requirements for the inclusion of CEQA matters on agendas and at hearings. (Gov. Code, § 54950 et seq.) At a minimum, agendas for meetings and hearings before commissions, boards, councils, and other agencies must be posted in a location that is freely accessible to members of the public at least seventy-two (72) hours prior to a regular meeting. The agenda must contain a brief general

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-29 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP description of each item to be discussed and the time and location of the meeting. (Gov. Code, § 54954.2.) Additionally, any legislative body or its presiding officer must post an agenda for each regular or special meeting on the local agency’s Internet Web site, if the local agency has one.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15202.)

7.30 RESPONSE TO COMMENTS ON DRAFT EIR.

The Lead Agency shall evaluate any comments on environmental issues received during the public review period for the Draft EIR and shall prepare a written response to those comments that raise significant environmental issues.

As stated below, the City, as Lead Agency, should also consider evaluating and responding to any comments received after the public review period. The written responses shall describe the disposition of any significant environmental issues that are raised in the comments. The responses may take the form of a revision of the Draft EIR, an attachment to the Draft EIR, or some other oral or written response that is adequate under the circumstances. If the City’s position is at variance with specific recommendations or suggestions raised in the comment, the City’s response must detail the reasons why such recommendations or suggestions were not accepted. The level of detail contained in the response, however, may correspond to the level of detail provided in the comment (i.e., responses to general comments may be general). A general response may be appropriate when a comment does not contain or specifically refer to readily available information, or does not explain the relevance of evidence submitted with the comment.

Moreover, the City shall respond to any specific suggestions for project alternatives or mitigation measures for significant impacts, unless such alternatives or mitigation measures are facially infeasible. The response shall contain recommendations, when appropriate, to alter the project as described in the Draft EIR as a result of an analysis of the comments received.

At least ten (10) days prior to certifying a Final EIR, the Lead Agency shall provide its proposed written response, either in printed copy or in an electronic format, to any public agency that has made comments on the Draft EIR during the public review period. The City, as Lead Agency, is not required to respond to comments received after the public review period. However, the City, as Lead Agency, should consider responding to all comments if it will not delay action on the Final EIR, since any comment received before final action on the EIR can form the basis of a legal challenge. A written response that addresses the comment or adequately explains the City’s action in light of the comment may assist in defending against a legal challenge. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15088.)

7.31 PREPARATION AND CONTENTS OF FINAL EIR.

Following the receipt of any comments on the Draft EIR as required herein, such comments shall be evaluated by Staff and a Final EIR shall be prepared.

The Final EIR shall meet all requirements of Local Guidelines Section 7.18 and shall consist of the Draft EIR or a revision of the Draft, a section containing either verbatim or in

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-30 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP summary the comments and recommendations received through the review and consultation process, a list of persons, organizations and public agencies commenting on the Draft, and a section containing the responses of the City to the significant environmental points raised in the review and consultation process.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15089, 15132.)

7.32 RECIRCULATION WHEN NEW INFORMATION IS ADDED TO EIR.

When significant new information is added to the EIR after notice and consultation but before certification, the Lead Agency must recirculate the Draft EIR for another public review period. The term “information” can include changes in the project or environmental setting as well as additional data or other information.

New information is significant only when the EIR is changed in a way that would deprive the public of a meaningful opportunity to comment upon a substantial adverse environmental effect of a project or a feasible way to mitigate or avoid such an effect, including a feasible project alternative, that the project proponents decline to implement. Recirculation is required, for example, when:
(1) New information added to an EIR discloses:
(a) A new significant environmental impact resulting from the project or from a new mitigation measure proposed to be implemented; or (b) A significant increase in the severity of an environmental impact (unless mitigation measures are also adopted that reduce the impact to a level of insignificance); or
(c) A feasible project alternative or mitigation measure that clearly would lessen the significant environmental impacts of the project, but which the project proponents decline to adopt; or
(2) The Draft EIR is so fundamentally and basically inadequate and conclusory in nature that meaningful public review and comment were precluded.

Recirculation is not required when the new information added to the EIR merely clarifies or amplifies or makes insignificant modifications in an adequate EIR. If the revision is limited to a few chapters or portions of the EIR, the City as Lead Agency need only recirculate the chapters or portions that have been modified. A decision to not recirculate an EIR must be supported by substantial evidence in the record.

When the City determines to recirculate a Draft EIR, it shall give Notice of Recirculation (Form “M”) to every agency, person, or organization that commented on the prior Draft EIR. The Notice of Recirculation must indicate whether new comments must be submitted and whether the City has exercised its discretion to require reviewers to limit their comments to the revised chapters or portions of the recirculated EIR. The City shall also consult again with those persons contacted pursuant to Local Guidelines Section 7.25 before certifying the EIR. When the EIR is substantially revised and the entire EIR is recirculated, the City may require that reviewers submit new comments and need not respond to those comments received during the earlier circulation period.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-31 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP In those cases, the City should advise reviewers that, although their previous comments remain part of the administrative record, the final EIR will not provide a written response to those comments, and new comments on the revised EIR must be submitted. The City need only respond to those comments submitted in response to the revised EIR.

When the EIR is revised only in part and the City is recirculating only the revised chapters or portions of the EIR, the City may request that reviewers limit their comments to the revised chapters or portions. The City need only respond to: (1) comments received during the initial circulation period that relate to chapters or portions of the document that were not revised and recirculated, and (2) comments received during the recirculation period that relate to the chapters or portions of the earlier EIR that were revised and recirculated.

When recirculating a revised EIR, either in whole or in part, the City must, in the revised EIR or by an attachment to the revised EIR, summarize the revisions made to the previously circulated draft EIR.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15088.5.)

7.33 CERTIFICATION OF FINAL EIR.

Following the preparation of the Final EIR, Staff shall review the Final EIR and make a recommendation to the decision-making body regarding whether the Final EIR has been completed in compliance with CEQA, the State CEQA Guidelines and the City’s Local Guidelines. The Final EIR and Staff recommendation shall then be presented to the decision-making body. The decision- making body shall independently review and consider the information contained in the Final EIR and determine whether the Final EIR reflects its independent judgment. Before it approves the project, the decision-making body must certify and find that: (1) the Final EIR has been completed in compliance with CEQA, the State CEQA Guidelines and the City’s Local Guidelines; (2) the Final EIR was presented to the decision-making body and the decision-making body reviewed and considered the information contained in the Final EIR before approving the project; and (3) the Final EIR reflects the City’s independent judgment and analysis.

Except in those cases in which the City Council is the final decision-making body for the project, any interested person may appeal the certification or denial of certification of a Final EIR to the City Council. Appeals must follow the procedures prescribed by the City. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15090.)

7.34 CONSIDERATION OF EIR BEFORE APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL OF PROJECT.

Once the decision-making body has certified the EIR, it may then proceed to consider the proposed project for purposes of approval or disapproval. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15092.)

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7.35 FINDINGS.

The decision-making body shall not approve or carry out a project if a completed EIR identifies one or more significant environmental effects of the project unless it makes one or more of the following written findings for each such significant effect, accompanied by a brief explanation of the rationale supporting each finding. For impacts that have been identified as potentially significant, the possible findings are:
(a) Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project which mitigate or avoid the significant effects on the environment as identified in the Final EIR, such that the impact has been reduced to a less-than-significant level; (b) Such changes or alterations are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another public agency and not the City. Such changes have been, or can and should be, adopted by that other agency; or
(c) Specific economic, legal, social, technological or other considerations, including considerations for the provision of employment opportunities for highly trained workers, make infeasible the mitigation measures or alternatives identified in the Final EIR. The decision-making body must make specific written findings stating why it has rejected an alternative to the project as infeasible.

The findings required by this Section shall be supported by substantial evidence in the record. Measures identified and relied on to mitigate environmental impacts identified in the EIR to below a level of significance should be expressly adopted or rejected in the findings. The findings should include a description of the specific reasons for rejecting any mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the EIR that would reduce the significant impacts of the project.

Any mitigation measures that are adopted must be fully enforceable through permit conditions, agreements, or other measures.

If any of the proposed alternatives could avoid or lessen an adverse impact for which no mitigation measures are proposed, the City shall analyze the feasibility of such alternative(s). If the project is to be approved without including such alternative(s), the City shall find that specific economic, legal, social, technological or other considerations, including considerations for the provision of employment opportunities for highly trained workers, make infeasible the alternatives identified in the Final EIR and shall list such considerations before such approval.

The decision-making body shall not approve or carry out a project as proposed unless: (1) the project as approved will not have a significant effect on the environment; or (2) the project’s significant environmental effects have been eliminated or substantially lessened (as determined through one or more of the findings indicated above), and any remaining unavoidable significant effects have been found acceptable because of facts and circumstances described in a Statement of Overriding Considerations (see Local Guidelines Section 7.37). Statements in the Draft EIR or comments on the Draft EIR are not determinative of whether the project will have significant effects.

When making the findings required by this Section, the City as Lead Agency shall specify the location and custodian of the documents or other material which constitute the record of proceedings upon which it based its decision.

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-33 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15091.)

7.36 SPECIAL FINDINGS REQUIRED FOR FACILITIES THAT MAY EMIT HAZARDOUS AIR EMISSIONS NEAR SCHOOLS.

Special procedural rules apply to projects involving the construction or alteration of a facility within one-quarter mile of a school when: (1) the facility might reasonably be anticipated to emit hazardous air emissions or to handle an extremely hazardous substance or a mixture containing extremely hazardous substances in a quantity equal to or greater than the threshold specified in Health and Safety Code section 25532(j); and (2) the emissions or substances may pose a health or safety hazard to persons who would attend or would be employed at the school.

If the project meets both of those criteria, the Lead Agency may not certify an EIR or approve a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration unless it makes a finding that:
(a) The Lead Agency consulted with the affected school district or districts having jurisdiction over the school regarding the potential impact of the project on the school; and (b) The school district was given written notification of the project not less than thirty (30) days prior to the proposed certification of the EIR or approval of the Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration.

Implementation of this Local Guideline shall be consistent with the definitions and terms utilized in State CEQA Guidelines section 15186.

Additionally, in its role as a Responsible Agency, the City should be aware that for projects involving the acquisition of a school site or the construction of a secondary or elementary school by a school district, the Negative Declaration, Mitigated Negative Declaration, or EIR prepared for the project may not be adopted or certified unless there is sufficient information in the entire record to determine whether any boundary of the school site is within 500 feet of the edge of the closest traffic lane of a freeway or other busy traffic corridor.

If it is determined that the project involves the acquisition of a school site that is within 500 feet of the edge of the closest traffic lane of a freeway, or other busy traffic corridor, the Negative Declaration, Mitigated Negative Declaration, or EIR may not be adopted or certified unless the school board determines, through a health risk assessment pursuant to Section 44360(b)(2) of the Health and Safety Code and after considering any potential mitigation measures, that the air quality at the proposed project site does not present a significant health risk to pupils.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15186.)

7.37 STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS.

Before a project that has unmitigated significant adverse environmental effects can be approved, the decision-making body must adopt a Statement of Overriding Considerations. If the decision-making body finds in the Statement of Overriding Considerations that specific benefits of a proposed project outweigh the unavoidable adverse environmental effects, the adverse environmental effects may be considered “acceptable.”

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2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-34 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP Accordingly, the Statement of Overriding Considerations allows the decision-making body to approve a project despite one or more unmitigated significant environmental impacts identified in the Final EIR. A Statement of Overriding Considerations can be made only if feasible project alternatives or mitigation measures do not exist to reduce the environmental impact(s) to a level of insignificance and the benefits of the project outweigh the adverse environmental effect(s). The feasibility of project alternatives or mitigation measures is determined by whether the project alternative or mitigation measure can be accomplished within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic, environmental, social, legal and technological factors.

Project benefits that are appropriate to consider in the Statement of Overriding Considerations include the economic, legal, environmental, technological and social value of the project. The City may also consider region-wide or statewide environmental benefits.

Substantial evidence in the entire record must justify the decision-making body’s findings and its use of the Statement of Overriding Considerations. If the decision-making body makes a Statement of Overriding Considerations, the Statement must be included in the record of the project approval and it should be referenced in the Notice of Determination. (Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15093.)

7.38 MITIGATION MONITORING OR REPORTING PROGRAM FOR EIR.

When making findings regarding an EIR, the City must do all of the following:
(a) Adopt a reporting or monitoring program to assure that mitigation measures that are required to mitigate or avoid significant effects on the environment will be implemented by the project proponent or other responsible party in a timely manner, in accordance with conditions of project approval;
(b) Make sure all conditions and mitigation measures are feasible and fully enforceable through permit conditions, agreements, or other measures. Such permit conditions, agreements, and measures must be consistent with applicable constitutional requirements such as the “nexus” and “rough proportionality” standards established by case law; and (c) Specify the location and the custodian of the documents which constitute the record of proceedings upon which the City based its decision in the resolution certifying the EIR.

There is no requirement that the reporting or monitoring program be circulated for public review; however, the City may choose to circulate it for public comments along with the Draft EIR. Any mitigation measures required to mitigate or avoid significant effects on the environment shall be adopted and made fully enforceable, such as by being imposed as conditions of project approval.

The adequacy of a mitigation monitoring program is determined by the “rule of reason.” This means that a mitigation monitoring program does not need to provide every imaginable measure. It needs only to provide measures that are reasonably feasible and that are necessary to avoid significant impacts or to reduce the severity of impacts to a less-than-significant level.

The mitigation monitoring or reporting program shall be designed to assure compliance with the mitigation measures during the implementation and construction of the project. If a

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-35 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP Responsible Agency or Trustee Agency has required that certain conditions be incorporated into the project, the City may request that agency to prepare and submit a proposed reporting or monitoring program. The City shall also require that, prior to the close of the public review period for a Draft EIR, the Responsible or Trustee Agency submit detailed performance objectives for mitigation measures, or refer the City to appropriate, readily available guidelines or reference documents. Any mitigation measures submitted to the City by a Responsible or Trustee Agency shall be limited to measures that mitigate impacts to resources that are within the Responsible or Trustee Agency’s authority.

When a project is of statewide, regional, or area-wide significance, any transportation information resulting from the reporting or monitoring program required to be adopted by the City shall be submitted to the regional transportation planning agency where the project is located and to the Department of Transportation. The transportation planning agency and the Department of Transportation are required by law to adopt guidelines for the submittal of these reporting or monitoring programs, so the City may wish to tailor its submittal to such guidelines.

Local agencies have the authority to levy fees sufficient to pay for this program. Therefore, the City may impose a program to charge project proponents fees to cover actual costs of program processing and implementation.

The City may delegate reporting or monitoring responsibilities to an agency or to a private entity that accepts the delegation; however, until mitigation measures have been completed, the City remains responsible for ensuring that implementation of the mitigation measures occurs in accordance with the program.

The City may choose whether its program will monitor mitigation, report on mitigation, or both. “Reporting” is defined as a written compliance review that is presented to the Board or an authorized staff person. A report may be required at various stages during project implementation or upon completion of the mitigation measure. Reporting is suited to projects that have readily measurable or quantitative mitigation measures or that already involve regular review. “Monitoring” is generally an ongoing or periodic process of project oversight. Monitoring is suited to projects with complex mitigation measures that may exceed the expertise of the City to oversee, are expected to be implemented over a period of time, or require careful implementation to assure compliance.

At its discretion, the City may adopt standardized policies and requirements to guide individually adopted programs.

Standardized policies or requirements for monitoring and reporting may describe, but are not limited to:
(a) The relative responsibilities of various departments within the City for various aspects of the program;
(b) The responsibilities of the project proponent;
(c) Guidelines adopted by the City to govern preparation of programs; (d) General standards for determining project compliance with the mitigation measures and related conditions of approval;

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-36 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP (e) Enforcement procedures for noncompliance, including provisions for administrative appeal; and/or
(f) A process for informing the Board and staff of the relative success of mitigation measures and using those results to improve future mitigation measures.

When a project is of statewide, regional, or area-wide importance, any transportation information generated by a mitigation monitoring or reporting program must be submitted to the transportation planning agency in the region where the project is located, as well as to the Department of Transportation.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15097.)

7.39 NOTICE OF DETERMINATION.

After approval of a project for which the City is the Lead Agency, Staff shall cause a Notice of Determination (Form “F”) to be prepared, filed, and posted. The Notice of Determination shall include the following information:
(a) An identification of the project, including its common name, where possible, and its location. If the notice of determination is filed with the State Clearinghouse, the State Clearinghouse identification number for the draft EIR shall be provided. (b) A brief description of the project;
(c) The City’s name and the applicant’s name (if any). If different from the applicant, the Notice of Determination shall further provide, if applicable, the identity of the person undertaking the project that is supported, in whole or in part, through contracts, grants, subsidies, loans, or other forms of assistance from one or more public agencies, or the identity of the person receiving a lease, permit, license, certificate, or other entitlement for use from one or more public agencies.
(d) The date when the City approved the project;
(e) Whether the project in its approved form with mitigation will have a significant effect on the environment;
(f) A statement that an EIR was prepared and certified pursuant to the provisions of CEQA; (g) Whether mitigation measures were made a condition of the approval of the project, and whether a mitigation monitoring plan/program was adopted; (h) Whether findings were made and/or whether a Statement of Overriding Considerations was adopted for the project; and
(i) The address where a copy of the EIR (with comments and responses) and the record of project approval may be examined by the general public.

The Notice of Determination shall be filed with (1) the Clerk of each county in which the project will be located within five (5) working days of project approval; and (2) with the State Clearinghouse in the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation. (To determine the fees that must be paid with the filing of the Notice of Determination, see Local Guidelines Section 7.42 and the Staff Summary of the CEQA Process.) The County Clerk is required to post the Notice of Determination within twenty-four (24) hours of receipt. The Notice must be posted in the office of the Clerk for a minimum of thirty (30) days. Thereafter, the Clerk shall return the notice to the

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-37 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP City with a notation of the period it was posted. The City shall retain the notice for not less than twelve (12) months.

Simultaneously with the filing of the Notice of Determination with the Clerk, Staff shall cause a copy of such Notice to be posted at City Offices. If the project requires discretionary approval from a state agency, the Notice of Determination shall also be filed electronically with the Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation within five (5) working days of project approval, along with proof that the City has paid the County Clerk the DFW fee or a completed form from DFW documenting DFW’s determination that the project will have no effect on fish and wildlife. (If the City submits the Notice of Determination in person, the City may bring an extra copy to be date stamped by LCI.)
When a request is made for a copy of the Notice of Determination prior to the date on which the City approves the project, the copy must be mailed, first class postage prepaid, within five (5) days of the City’s approval. If such a request is made following the City’s approval of the project, then the copy should be mailed in the same manner as soon as possible. The recipients of such documents may be charged a fee reasonably related to the cost of providing the service.

The City, when acting as lead agency, must post its Notice of Determination for a project on its website.

For projects with more than one phase, Staff shall file a Notice of Determination for each phase requiring a discretionary approval. The filing and posting of a Notice of Determination with the Clerk, and, if necessary, with LCI, usually starts a thirty (30) day statute of limitations on court challenges to the approval under CEQA. When separate notices are filed for successive phases of the same overall project, the thirty (30) day statute of limitation to challenge the subsequent phase begins to run when the second notice is filed. Failure to file the Notice may result in a one hundred eighty (180) day statute of limitations.
(Reference: Pub. Resources Code, §§ 21092.2, 21108; State CEQA Guidelines, § 15094.)

7.40 DISPOSITION OF A FINAL EIR.

The City shall file a copy of the Final EIR with the appropriate planning agency of any city or county where significant effects on the environment may occur. The City shall also retain one or more copies of the Final EIR as a public record for a reasonable period of time. Finally, for private projects, the City may require that the project applicant provide a copy of the certified Final EIR to each Responsible Agency.
(Reference: State CEQA Guidelines, § 15095.)

7.41 PRIVATE PROJECT COSTS.

For private projects, the person or entity proposing to carry out the project shall be charged a reasonable fee to recover the estimated costs incurred by the City in preparing, circulating, and filing the Draft and Final EIRs, as well as all publication costs incident thereto.

Local Guidelines for Implementing the
California Environmental Quality Act (2025) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT

2025 City of Colton Local Guidelines 7-38 ©Best Best & Krieger LLP

7.42 FILING FEES FOR PROJECTS THAT AFFECT WILDLIFE RESOURCES.

At the time a Notice of Determination for an EIR is filed with the County or Counties in which the project is located, a fee of $4,123.50, or the then applicable fee, shall be paid to the Clerk for projects that will adversely affect fish or wildlife resources. These fees are collected by the Clerk on behalf of DFW.

Only one filing fee is required for each project unless the project is tiered or phased and separate environmental documents are prepared. For projects where Responsible Agencies file separate Notices of Determination, only the Lead Agency is required to pay the fee.

Note: County Clerks are authorized to charge a documentary handling fee for each project in addition to the Fish and Wildlife fees specified above. Refer to the Index in the Staff Summary to help determine the correct total amount of fees applicable to the project.

For private projects, the City should pass these costs on to the project applicant.

No fees are required for projects with “no effect” on fish or wildlife resources or for certain projects undertaken by the DFW and implemented through a contract with a non-profit entity or local government agency. (See Local Guidelines Section 6.24 for more information regarding a “no effect” determination.)