Concord City Council
March 28, 2023

16 DOWNTOWN SPECIFIC PLAN IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES AND TRACKING ATTACHMENT 2
Reporting Period: 2021
Strategy Action # Title
Responsible
Division
Quantified
Objective Status
Anticipated
Completion
DateTime Frame
A. Evaluate Tax Increment Financing
(TIF) districts and Urban
Transportation Districts (UTDs)
that can provide financing for
facilities, roads, and transportation
enhancements within the project
area.

Transportation
Division and CIP
Division

XXX
Currently working on Traffic Impact Mitigation fee as well as reviewing VMT fees.

Ongoing
B. Study potential for transfer of
development rights.

Planning Division
Economic
Development
Division
XX Premature at this time. Re-examine in
2022-23
C. Investigate feasibility of a Benefit
Assessment District or other
funding mechanisms.

Economic
Development and
Housing Division
X Funding sources have not been identified. Re-examine in 2022-23
D. Establish Property-based
Improvement District (PBID)
Economic
Development
Division
XX Staff will assist property owners and the TSBA as they continue to pursue a PBID effort.

Ongoing
E. Explore private/public partnerships
for neighborhood revitalization
projects
Economic
Development and
Planning Division
X Developed a neighborhood commercial revitalization program that seeks to improve commercial property appearance and marketability. Developed and implemented a proactive “Retail Engagement” program to assist retail centers and tenants with addressing business concerns while complying with City codes.

Ongoing
F. Apply for PDA Implementation
grants, as available
Planning Division X
No grants were available in 2022. Ongoing
G. Program necessary infrastructure
projects for Downtown Specific
Plan in CIP
Transportation
Division,
CIP/Eng. Division

X

Transportation applied for and sucessfully received funding for Galindo Bike project for $4.2 million including local match.

Ongoing
H. Safe Routes to Transit Transportation
Division and
CIP/Eng. Division

XX

Transportation completed and City Council adopted the
recommendations from Complete Streets Feasibility Study for Pine Hollow Road. The study evaluated the current
challenges along the corridor and developed a set of
proposed improvements to enhance bicycle and pedestrian safety, auto circulation, trail connectivity, and residential and school access from Clayton Valley Charter High School to Mount Diablo Elementary School in the City of Clayton.

Ongoing
L:\Planning Division\Housing\Annual Progress Report\2023 Annual Report\Downtown Specific Plan Implementation Matrix 2022_Final_no highlights Page 16

Concord Housing Fund
SB 341 Annual Reporting Requirements for Housing Successors to Redevelopment Agencies For Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2022
a. Recognized Obligation Payment Schedule (ROPS) funding $0.00 b. Low and  Moderate Income Housing Fund Set Aside Deficit Repayment ‐ c. Loan Payoff 127,055.18
d. Loan Interest Earnings 193,294.28
e. Interest Earnings on Cash Balance 122,307.50
f. Other
Total Deposits $442,656.96
Cash $12,228,338.46
Restricted for Current Payables (12,639.72)
Restricted for Encumbrances/Commitments (23,881.00)
Current Receivables ‐
Available Cash Balance $12,191,817.74
a. Monitoring & preserving long term affordability of units $47,807.50 b. Homeless prevention ‐
c. Housing development 815,607.91
d. Other:

Multi‐Family Housing Loan Issued ‐
First Time Home Buyer Loan Issued ‐
Other
Miscellaneous Contracts 256,856.98
Total All Expenditures $1,120,272.39
Housing Loans Receivable 29,470,428.84

1. Amounts Deposited into the Low & Moderate Housing Asset Fund, distinguishing any amounts deposited for items listed on the Recognized Obligation Payment Schedule (ROPS) from other amounts deposited

2. A statement of the balance in the fund as of the close of the fiscal year, distinguishing any amounts held for items listed on the ROPS from other amounts

3. Description of the expenditures from the fund by category, including, but not limited to, expenditures (A) for monitoring and preserving the long‐term affordability of units subject to affordability restrictions or covenants entered into by the redevelopment agency or the housing successor and administering the activities described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of subdivision (a), (B) for homeless prevention and rapid rehousing services for the development of housing described in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a), and (C) for the development of housing pursuant to paragraph (3) of subdivision (a).

4. As described in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a), the statutory value of real property owned by the housing successor, the value of the loans and grants receivable, and the sum of these two amounts.

Attachment 3

Concord Housing Fund
FY2021/22 Annual Reporting Requirements for Housing Successors to Redevelopment Agencies The City has not entered into an agreement with another housing successor to develop a joint project
Not Applicable ‐ no RPTTF funding being used or held for housing projects Not Applicable ‐ there are no outstanding obligations pursuant to Section 33413 8a. A description of the Housing Successor's progress in meeting obligations described in9.

Not Applicable ‐ there are no outstanding obligations pursuant to Section 33413 Not Applicable ‐ there are no outstanding obligations pursuant to Section 33413

9. Information required by subparagraph (B) or paragraph (3) of subdivision (a)

5. Description of any transfers made pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision ( C) in the previous fiscal year and, if still unencumbered, in earlier fiscal years and a description of and status update on any project for which transferred funds have been or will be expended if that project has not yet been placed in service.

Not Applicable ‐ no properties purchased using Low & Moderate Income Housing Funds prior to February 1, 2012 or after February 1, 2012

8. A description of outstanding obligations pursuant to Section 33413 that remain to transfer to the Housing Successor on February 1, 2012

6. Description of Projects for which Concord Housing Fund receives or is holding property tax revenue pursuant to the ROPS and the status of that project.

7. For interests in real property acquired by the former redevelopment agency prior to February 1, 2012, a status update on compliance with section 33334.16. For interest in real property acquired on or after February 1, 2012, a status update on the project.

Section 34176.1(a)(3)(A) – (C) requires that the Housing Successor use all moneys remaining in its LMIHAF, after paying for administrative expenses; homeless prevention and rapid rehousing services (Remaining Funds) for the development of affordable housing. The Housing Successor is required to target the Remaining Funds as follows: (i) at least 30% of the funds must be spent for the development of rental housing affordable to and occupied by extremely low income households earning 30% or less of AMI; (ii) no more than 20% of the funds may be spent for the development of housing affordable to and occupied by households earning between 60% and 80% of the AMI, and (iii) the balance of the funds may be spent for the development of housing affordable to and occupied by households earning 60% or less of the AMI.
8b. A description of the housing successor's plan to meet unmet obligations described in 2 of 4

Concord Housing Fund
FY2021/22 Annual Reporting Requirements for Housing Successors to Redevelopment Agencies 0 percent

11. The amount of excess surplus None
Calculation follows
11a. The amount of time that the successor agency has had the excess surplus The successor agency does not have a surplus for FY2021/22

10. Percentage of units of deed‐restricted r ental  housing restricted to seniors and assisted individually or jointly by the Housing Successor, its former RDA and its host jurisdiction within the last 10 years in relation to the aggregate number of units of deed‐restricted rental housing assisted individually or jointly by the housing successor, its former RDA and its hos
t jurisdiction within the same time period.

The following provides the Housing Successor’s Extremely-Low Income Test for the five (5) year period of July 1, 2018 through June 30, 2022:
3 of 4

Concord Housing Fund
FY2021/22 Annual Reporting Requirements for Housing Successors to Redevelopment Agencies 11b. The housing successor's plan for eliminating the excess surplus The successor agency does not have a surplus for FY2021/22 a. The number of those units.

Records show 12 single family loans lost to the portfolio after February 1, 2012.  The main reason stems from Foreclosures and short sales.

No loans lost to the portfolio during FY2022
During fiscal year 2021/2022, the Housing Successor received installment payments on (8) eight loans. The installment payments (principal and interest) totaled $62,315.07. The Housing Successor also had (4) four loans paid in full during the fiscal year. The loan pay off amounts (principal and interest) was $100,855.06
The Housing Successor contracts with "Bay Area Affordable Homeownership Alliance (BAAHA)" a third party affordable housing service provider to assist staff in servicing the existing homeowner portfolio and processing new loan request from the public. The Housing Successor also uses Evergreen Note Services to process payments from homeowners who are paying monthly on their respective loans.
c. Any funds returned to the housing successor as part of an adopted program that protects the former redevelopment agency's investment of moneys from the Low and Moderate Income Housing Fund. d. Whether the housing successor has contracted with any  outside entity for the management of the units and, if so, the identify of the entity.

12. An inventory of the homeownership units assisted by the former redevelopment agency or the housing successor that are subject to covenants or restrictions or to adopted program that protects the former redevelopment agency's investment of moneys from the Low and Moderate Income Housing Fund pursuant to subdivision (f) of section 33334.3. This inventory shall include:

There are 126 homeowners who have a loan with the Former Redevelopment Agency/ Housing Successor
b. In the first report pursuant to this subdivision, the number of units lost to the portfolio after February 1, 2012 and the reason or reasons for those losses. For all subsequent reports, the number of the units lost to the portfolio in the last fiscal year and the reason for those losses. 4 of 4

Opening fund balance ‐ July 1, 2021 34,254,478.00
Less Unavailable Amounts:

Encumbrances (Section 33334.12(g)(2)) (4,460,069.73)
Loans Receivable (19,860,841.50)
Advances (2,034,708.83)
Accruals (12,639.72)
($26,368,259.78)
Available Low & Mod Funds 7,886,218.22
Limitation (Greater of $1,000,000 or four years of deposits) Amounts Deposited for last four years ‐ fiscal years ended:

June 30, 2021 $3,282,084.09
June 30, 2020 $1,760,237.00
June 30, 2019 $3,166,900.73
June 30, 2018 $8,046,377.00
Total Amounts Deposited for Last 4 Years $16,255,598.82 Base Limitation $1,000,000.00
Greater Amount $16,255,598.82
Computed Excess Surplus None
Low & Moderate Income Housing
Funds ‐ All Project Areas
Former Redevelopment Agency of the City of Concord
Excess Surplus Calculation
H&S Code 33334.12

30% AMI 50% AMI 60% AMI 80% AMI 100% AMI 110% AMI 120% AMI Extremely Low Very Low Lower Low Median Moderate Moderate 1 Person $30,000 $50,000 $60,000 $76,750 $99,950 $109,945 $119,950 2 Persons $34,300 $57,150 $68,580 $87,700 $114,250 $125,675 $137,100 3 Persons $38,600 $64,300 $77,160 $98,650 $128,500 $141,350 $154,200 4 Persons $42,850 $71,400 $85,680 $109,600 $142,800 $157,080 $171,350 5 Persons $46,300 $77,150 $92,580 $118,400 $154,200 $169,620 $185,050 6 Persons $49,750 $82,850 $99,420 $127,150 $165,650 $182,215 $198,750 7 Persons $53,150 $88,550 $106,260 $135,950 $177,050 $194,755 $212,450 8 Persons $56,600 $94,250 $113,100 $144,700 $188,500 $207,350 $226,200 Income Calculations: This information is based on amounts provided by HUD and CA Dept. of Housing and Community Development Department (HCD). It is updated annually in the spring. 60% =1.2 x 50% AMI. 110% is based on HCD's median. HUD/HCD provides 30%, 50%, 80%, 100% and 120% AMI. Please note, these are not simple mathematical calculations.

Maximum Income Limits (2022)*
City of Concord
*Based on Area Median Income (AMI) in the Oakland Metropolitan Statistical Area Some affordable housing units are restricted based on income. The table below shows income limits for 2022 (effective May 13, 2022).

Household Size
Attachment 4

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Port Chicago Hwy
Bonifacio St
Gr
an
t St
Galindo
St
Babel Ln
Concord Av
Fa
rm
Burea
uRd
Alberta Wy
Kir
ker P
ass
Rd
Olivera Rd
Bailey Rd
Salvio S
t
Meadow Ln
DenkingerRd
West StMarket St
Ro
lling Woods Wy
Landana
Dr
Monument Blvd
Bates Av
Treat Blvd
Solano W
y
Pine Hollow Rd
Olive Dr
TurtleCreek Rd
Myrtle Dr
Crysty
lRanc
h Rd
Arnold Industrial Wy
Clayton Rd
Concord Blvd
Oak Grove Rd
Ygn
acio Valley R
d
Willow Pass R
d
Accessory Dwelling Units
Building Permits Issued in 2022
I
0 3,000 6,0001,500
Feet
S:\MapRequest\CED\Planning\ADU\ADU2019\ADU2020.aprx
Map Created: 3/15/2023
By GIS Division of Information
Technology
^_
ADU Building
Permits 2022
Attachment 5

Staff Report
Date: March 28, 2023
To: City Council
From: Valerie J. Barone, City Manager
Reviewed by: Kevin Marstall, PE, Director of Community Development Carlton Thompson, PE, City Engineer
Bernard Enrile, PE, CIP Manager
Prepared by: Justin Bosch, PE, Associate Civil Engineer [email protected]
(925) 671-5008
Subject: Considering the following for the Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project No. 2575) constructing traffic signalization upgrades, left-turn phasing, and ADA ramps as needed at 8 intersections throughout the City:

1. Award of a construction contract in the amount of
$1,011,000 to St. Francis Electric, LLC.; authorizing staff to utilize the available project contingency for contract
change orders that become necessary up to 10% of the
contract amount; and authorizing the Mayor to execute the contract in a form acceptable to the City Attorney;

2. Approval of an Agreement for Professional Services with Zoon Engineering in the not-to-exceed amount of
$149,822.70 (base agreement of $136,202.45 plus staff
authority to spend up to a 10% contingency of $13,620.25) to provide construction management, material testing, and related services; and authorizing the City Manager to
execute the agreement, in a form acceptable to the City Attorney; and

3. Approval of a related budget transfer of $186,241.47 (Measure Q Projects Fund 401) from Denkinger Road
Pavement Rehabilitation (Project No. 2459) and $150,000 (2021 Debt Issuance Measure V Fund 407) from Replace
Controller/Cabinet/VDS at Signalized Intersection (Project

3.f3.f3.f3.f3.f

City Council Agenda Report
Agenda Item No. 3.f
March 28, 2023
No. 2462) to Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project No. 2575).

CEQA: Not a project/exempt per CEQA Guidelines Sections 15060(c), 15061(b)(3), 15273, 15378, 15301, 15302, 15303, 15304, and/or Public Resources Code Section 21065.

Report in Brief
The Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project No. 2575) involves improving safety at eight intersections around the City by adding protected left-turn phasing, new mast arm poles, and adding advanced dilemma detection zones. Advanced dilemma detection zone systems are systems that enhance the safety at signalized intersections by modifying the traffic control signal timing to reduce the number of drivers that may have difficulty deciding whether to stop or proceed through the intersection. ADA compliant curb ramps will be constructed on an as-needed basis. The intersections include Concord Avenue at John Glenn Drive and New Drive, Port Chicago Highway at Hickory Drive/6th Street, Willow Pass Road at Sutter Street, East Street at Bonifacio Street and Pacheco Street, Clayton Road at Oakland Avenue, and Concord Boulevard at Mendocino Drive. See attached location map (Attachment 1) for specific project sites.

The federal project number is HSIPL-5135(061).

The project was released for competitive construction bids in January 2023. St. Francis Electric, LLC of San Leandro, CA was the lowest responsive and responsible bidder.

The total bid received from St. Francis was $1,011,000.00. Staff recommends award of a construction contract to St. Francis for the total bid, and a project contingency for contract change orders up to 10% of the contract amount.

In order to fully fund the construction of Project No. 2575, Staff recommends transferring $186,241.47 (Measure Q Projects Fund 401) from Denkinger Road Pavement Rehabilitation (Project No. 2459) and $150,000 (2021 Debt Issuance Measure V Fund 407) from Replace Controller/Cabinet/VDS at Signalized Intersection (Project No. 2462) to Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project No. 2575).

Construction management, inspection, and materials testing services are needed to ensure work during construction by the contractor is performed and completed in a manner satisfactory to the project contract documents and the City.

If the construction contract and budget transfer are approved, project construction is expected to begin in June 2023 pending material procurement and will take about 9 weeks to complete, which would be in September 2023.

City Council Agenda Report
Agenda Item No. 3.f
March 28, 2023
Recommended Action
Considering the following for Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project No. 2575) constructing traffic signalization upgrades, left-turn phasing, and ADA ramps as needed at 8 intersections throughout the City:

1. Award a construction contract in the amount of $1,011,000.00 to St. Francis Electric, LLC.; authorizing staff to utilize the available project contingency for contract change orders that become necessary up to the 10% of the contract amount; and authorizing the Mayor to execute the contract in a form acceptable to the City Attorney, and make the CEQA determinations as provided in this staff report.

2. Approve an Agreement for Professional Services with Zoon Engineering in the not-to-exceed amount of $149,822.70 (base agreement of $136,202.45 plus staff authority to spend up to a 10% contingency of $13,620.25) to provide construction management, material testing, and related services; and authorizing the City Manager to execute the agreements, in a form acceptable to the City Attorney, and make the CEQA determinations as provided in this staff report.

3. Approve a related budget transfer of $186,241.47 (Measure Q Projects Fund 401) from Denkinger Road Pavement Rehabilitation (Project No. 2459) and $150,000 (2021 Debt Issuance Measure V Fund 407) from Replace Controller/Cabinet/VDS at Signalized Intersection (Project No. 2462) to Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project No. 2575), and make the CEQA determinations as provided in this staff report.

Background
On November 2, 2020, the City of Concord (City) applied for Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) grant funding for Fiscal Years 2021-2024 for the Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project). On May 11, 2021 Caltrans notified the City that the HSIP grant application was approved by the State. At the same time, Caltrans approved the authorization of the use of state funding for the preliminary engineering (PE) phase of the Project in the amount of $195,000.

On June 22, 2021, City Council (Council) accepted the funds in the amount of $1,254,800 for the approved HSIP grant and appropriated $195,000 for the design of the Project. On December 7, 2021, Council awarded the design contract to Iteris for the Project. The project design was completed and advertised for bids on January 5, 2023.

On June 7, 2022, Council appropriated the remaining $1,059,800 of federal funds for the construction of the Project. On October 3, 2022, CalTrans approved the request made September 15, 2022, to transfer an allocated $80,000 from the Preliminary Engineering phase to the Construction phase. This resulted in a final allocation of $115,000 for PE and $1,139,800 for construction.

City Council Agenda Report
Agenda Item No. 3.f
March 28, 2023
On September 13, 2016, Council approved a Citywide Project Stabilization Agreement with the Contra Costa Building & Construction Trades Council for projects with a construction contract valued at over $750,000. The Project includes this provision.

Procurement Process
Construction Contract
Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project No. 2575) was advertised for construction bids as required by State law and City policy. The Engineer’s Estimate for the Total Bid is $995,200. Bids were opened on February 9, 2023. Five (5) bids were received in the amount ranging from $1,011,000 to $1,643,921.54. The basis of award for the Project is the Total Bid (Base Bid plus Additive Bid). The lowest bid was received from St. Francis Electric, LLC. (St. Francis) of San Leandro, CA. A summary of the three lowest responsive bids is as follows:

BID

SCHEDULE
Engineer's
Estimate
St. Francis
Electric, LLC
W. Bradley
Electric, LLC
Tennyson
Electric, Inc.

Base Bid $973,300 $992,020 $1,073,670 $1,112,900
Additive
Bid $21,900 $18,980 $32,850 $21,900
Total Bid $995,200 $1,011,000 $1,106,520 $1,144,800
St. Francis was the apparent low bidder. City staff (Staff) reviewed the bid proposed and determined St. Francis submitted a responsive and responsible bid. Staff contacted St.

Francis as the lowest bidder to obtain confirmation of their bid amount, and can also confirm that they are ready to perform the work as bid. Staff completed analysis of St.

Francis, determining that this contractor possesses an appropriate and valid license, and is not on any debarred list. St. Francis has satisfactory references and has successfully completed similar projects for other local agencies in the Bay Area. In addition, St. Francis is registered with the Department of Industrial Relations as required by SB 854. St. Francis and their subcontractors have agreed to be bound by the citywide Project Stabilization Agreement.

The total bid submitted by St. Francis is minimally higher (1.6%) than the Engineer’s Estimate for the Project. Staff recommends award of a construction contract since the total bid price is within reason. Should Council award this contract, the base bid and additive bid will be planned for construction.

City Council Agenda Report
Agenda Item No. 3.f
March 28, 2023
Professional Services Agreement for Construction Management Staff issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) to select a consultant to provide construction management and materials testing services on November 10, 2022. The RFP was advertised in the local newspaper and on the City’s Procurement Website. A single proposal was received and Staff concluded that the firm did not have the necessary experience based on analysis of their proposal, interview, and references.

Therefore, staff issued the RFP again on January 31, 2023, following all state laws and city practices.

On the second RFP advertisement, two proposals were received. Based on the analysis of the proposal and reference checks, Zoon Engineering (Zoon) was selected as the most qualified firm to provide construction management and materials testing services for the Project . Staff and Zoon negotiated the scope of work and cost for the services and agreed upon a combined $136,202.45 with $126,202.45 for construction management services and $10,000.00 for materials testing services, as fair and reasonable compensation for the services needed manage the construction and test the materials for the Project. Zoon and their sub-consultant(s) have agreed to be bound by the citywide Project Stabilization Agreement.

If the construction contract and budget transfer are approved, project construction is expected to begin in June 2023, pending material procurement, and will take about 9 weeks to complete, with an estimated construction completion by end of September 2023.

Financial Impact
The Total Bid includes the Base Bid and Additive Bid. The current total budget for the Project is $1,254,800 and completely funded by federal Highway Safety Improvements Program (HSIP) funds (Fund 402). There are sufficient funds to award the construction contract without contingency, but approximately $336,000 is needed to cover the 10% construction contingency, construction management and materials testing services, and Staff oversight costs.

To fully fund the project, staff recommends a budget transfer for $186,241.47 (Measure Q Projects Fund 401) from Denkinger Road Pavement Rehabilitation (Project No. 2459) and $150,000 (2021 Debt Issuance Measure V Fund 407) from Replace Controller/Cabinet/VDS at Signalized Intersection (Project No. 2462) to Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project No. 2575). Project No. 2459 is a completed project with leftover funds, so there is no impact from transferring these funds. Project No. 2462 funds are programmed to install cabinets, controllers, and VDS, which fits the scope of the work that is not covered by the federal funds. Additional funding to Project 2462, to cover future cabinet, controller, and VDS installations, is typically included in the City’s Two-Year CIP Budget, as appropriate.

City Council Agenda Report
Agenda Item No. 3.f
March 28, 2023
After Council’s approval of the recommended budget transfer, there will be sufficient funds in the budget of Project 2575 to fund all related construction costs.

Environmental Determination
Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Sections 15060(c), 15061(b)(3), 15273, 15378, and Public Resources Code Section 21065, award of this contract is not subject to environmental review under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) of 1970, as amended, as it will not result in a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment. In the alternative, award of this contract is exempt under CEQA Guidelines Sections 15301 – Existing Facilities, 15302 – Replacement and Reconstruction, 15303 – New Construction or Conversion of Small Structures, and/or 15304 – Minor Alterations to Land, as it involves constructing concrete sidewalk, landscaping, traffic signal equipment, striping, and paving work. No unusual circumstances exist and none of the exceptions under CEQA Guidelines Section 15300.2 applies. This determination reflects the City’s independent judgement and analysis. The Notice of Exemption will be filed with the County Clerk’s office following the Council award of the construction contract.

Public Contact
The City Council Agenda was posted.

Attachments

1. Location Map

2. Bid Summary

3. Professional Services Agreement with Zoon Engineering for Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project (Project No. 2575), with Exhibit A – Fee Estimate

Location Map
Citywide Protected Left‐Turn Phasing Project
City Project No. 2575
Project Intersections
Attachment 1

City of Concord
Bid Sheet
PROJECT #2575 Bid Opening:

Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing
Project
Thursday,
February 9, 2023
2:30 p.m.

City Manager's Conference Room
Engineer’s Estimate: $995,200.00 To be awarded:

COMPANY TOTAL BID
St. Francis Electric, LLC
975 Carden Street
San Leandro, CA 94577
$1,011,000.00
WBE
90 Hill Road
Novato, CA 94519
$1,106,520.00
Tennyson Electric Inc.
7275 National Drive, Ste A2
Livermore, CA 94550
$1,144,812.00
$1,144,800.00
Ray’s Electric
411 Pendleton Way, Suite B
Oakland, CA 94621-2115
$1,249,520.00
DC Electric Group, Inc.
605 W. Sierra Ave.

Cotati, CA 94931
$1,643,921.54
$1,643,925.75
Contact: Justin Bosch x5008
Attachment 2

AGREEMENT FOR PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
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28 THIS AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is entered into on March 28, 2023 between the City of Concord (“CITY”) and Zoon Engineering, 3960 Adeline Street #3, Emeryville, CA 94608 (“CONSULTANT”).

THE PARTIES ENTER THIS AGREEMENT based upon the following facts, understandings, and intentions:

The CITY desires to contract with CONSULTANT to provide the professional services described in Section 2 of this Agreement, upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.

NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants and promises of the parties herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1. TERM. This Agreement shall commence on March 28, 2023, and expire on June 30, 2024.

2. SCOPE OF SERVICES. Subject to such policy direction and approvals provided by the CITY's Authorized Representative, CONSULTANT shall provide consulting services for Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project, Project No. 2575 described in detail in Exhibit A, a proposal from Zoon Engineering dated February 16, 2023, attached hereto and made a part hereof. CITY retains all rights of approval and discretion with respect to the projects and undertakings contemplated by this Agreement.

3. PAYMENT. The compensation to be paid to CONSULTANT including payment for professional services and reimbursable expenses, shall be at the rate and schedules in detail in Exhibit A. However, in no event shall the amount CITY pays CONSULTANT exceed one hundred forty-nine thousand eight hundred twenty-two dollars and seventy cents ($149,822.70) for the term of this Agreement. The total includes the sum of the base contract of one hundred thirty-six thousand two- hundred two dollars and forty-five cents ($136,202.45) and a 10% contingency of thirteen thousand six hundred twenty dollars and twenty-five cents ($13,620.25). Any Amendment to this Agreement that includes an increase to this compensation amount shall be made in accordance with Section 5 below.

CONSULTANT may submit monthly statements for services rendered; all statements shall include adequate documentation demonstrating work performed during the billing period. It is intended that CITY review such statement and pay CONSULTANT for services rendered within 30 days of Attachment 3

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28 receipt of a statement that meets all requirements of this Agreement. Payment by CITY shall not be deemed a waiver of unsatisfactory work, even if such defects were known to the CITY at the time of payment.

4. AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES. Authorized representatives shall represent CITY and CONSULTANT in all matters pertaining to the services to be ordered by CITY or rendered by CONSULTANT under this Agreement except where approval for the CITY is specifically required by the City Council. The CITY’s authorized representative is Carlton Thompson, City Engineer of the Community Development Department. The CONSULTANT’s authorized representative is Ernest Klock, Principal-In-Charge.

5. AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT. This Agreement may be amended in writing, subject to approval by both parties. If additional services are requested by CITY other than as described in the above Scope of Services, this Agreement may be amended, modified, or changed by the parties subject to mutual consent and in accordance with the CITY’s Municipal Code by execution of an Amendment by authorized representatives of both parties setting forth the additional scope of services to be performed, the performance time schedule, and the compensation for such services.

A. Amendment for Additional Compensation. CITY’s Authorized Representative is authorized to execute amendments to the Agreement on behalf of CITY, including amendments providing for additional compensation to CONSULTANT not to exceed the Minimum Threshold, including the base contract amount, throughout the term of this Agreement. “Minimum Threshold” means the dollar amount over which Council approval is required during each fiscal year as set forth in Concord City Council Resolution 21-43 pursuant to Concord Municipal Code Section

3.10.040(a). The Minimum Threshold for Fiscal Year 2022-23 is $80,000 and increases by $5,000 each subsequent fiscal year such that by Fiscal Year 2026-27 the Minimum Threshold is $100,000. Any additional compensation to CONSULTANT that is greater than the Minimum Threshold, including the base contract amount, must be approved by City Council. CONSULTANT’s failure to secure CITY’s written authorization for additional compensation or changes to the Scope of Work shall constitute a waiver of any and all right to adjustment in the price or time due, whether by way of compensation,

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28 restitution, quantum merit, or similar relief.

6. INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR. Both parties understand and acknowledge that CONSULTANT, its agents, employers and subcontractors are and shall at all times remain as to the CITY wholly independent contractors. Neither the CITY nor any of its officers or employees shall have any control over the manner by which the CONSULTANT performs this Agreement and shall only dictate the results of the performance. CONSULTANT shall not represent that CONSULTANT or its agents, employees or subcontractors are agents or employees of the CITY, and CONSULTANT shall have no authority, express or implied, to act on behalf of the CITY in any capacity whatsoever as an agent, and shall have no authority, express or implied, to bind the CITY to any obligation whatsoever, unless otherwise provided in this Agreement.

As an independent contractor, CONSULTANT shall not be eligible for any benefits, which the City may provide to its employees and all persons, if any, hired by CONSULTANT shall be employees or subcontractors of CONSULTANT and shall not be construed as employees or agents of the CITY in any respect. CONSULTANT shall receive no premium or enhanced pay for work normally understood as overtime, i.e., hours that exceed forty (40) hours per work week, or work performed during non- standard business hours, such as in the evenings or on weekends. CONSULTANT shall not receive a premium or enhanced pay for work performed on a recognized holiday. CONSULTANT shall not receive paid time off for days not worked, whether it be in the form of sick leave, administrative leave, or for any other form of absence. CONSULTANT shall pay all taxes, assessments and premiums under the federal Social Security Act, any applicable unemployment insurance contributions, Workers Compensation insurance premiums, sales taxes, use taxes, personal property taxes, or other taxes or assessments now or hereafter in effect and payable by reason of or in connection with the services to be performed by CONSULTANT.

7. STANDARD OF PERFORMANCE. CONSULTANT represents and warrants to CITY that CONSULTANT is skilled and able to provide such services described in the Scope of Work and that such services shall be performed in an expeditious manner, and with the degree of skill and care that is required by current, good, and sound procedures and practices. CONSULTANT further

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28 agrees that the services shall be in conformance with generally accepted professional standards prevailing at the time work is performed.

8. PERFORMANCE BY CONSULTANT. CONSULTANT shall not employ other consultants, subconsultants, experts, or contractors without the prior written approval of the CITY.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, CITY shall not be obligated or liable for payment hereunder to any party other than the CONSULTANT. CONSULTANT hereby designates the CONSULTANT’S representative as the person primarily responsible for the day-to-day performance of CONSULTANT'S work under this Agreement. CONSULTANT shall not change the CONSULTANT’S representative without the prior written consent of the CITY. Unless otherwise expressly agreed by the CITY, CONSULTANT'S representative shall remain responsible for the quality and timeliness of performance of the services, notwithstanding any permitted or approved delegation hereunder.

9. OWNERSHIP AND MAINTENANCE OF DOCUMENTS. All documents furnished by CONSULTANT pursuant to this Agreement are instruments of CONSULTANT’s services in respect to this project. They are not intended nor are represented to be suitable for reuse by others except CITY on extensions of this project or on any other project. Any reuse without specific written verification and adoption by CONSULTANT for the specific purposes intended will be at user’s sole risk and without liability or legal exposure and expenses to CONSULTANT, including attorney’s fees arising out of such unauthorized reuse.

CONSULTANT’s records, documents, calculations, and all other instruments of service pertaining to actual project shall be given to CITY at the completion of the project. The CITY reserves the right to specify the file format that electronic document deliverables are presented to the CITY.

Title to all plans, specifications, maps, estimates, reports, manuscripts, drawings, descriptions and other final work products compiled by the CONSULTANT under the Agreement shall be vested in the CITY, none of which shall be used in any manner whatsoever, by any person, firm, corporation, or agency without the expressed written consent of the CITY. Basic survey notes and sketches, charts, computations, and other data prepared or obtained under the Agreement shall be made available, upon request, to the CITY without restriction or limitations on their use. CONSULTANT may retain copies

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28 of the above-described information but agrees not to disclose or discuss any information gathered, discussed or generated in any way through this Agreement without the written permission of CITY during the term of this Agreement, unless required by law.

10. INDEMNIFICATION.

A. For Design Professional Services Only. Pursuant to California Civil Code Section 2782.8, CONSULTANT agrees to indemnify the CITY (including its officers, agents, employees and volunteers) against liability for claims against the CITY that arise out of, pertain to, or relate to the negligence, recklessness, or willful misconduct of CONSULTANT in the performance of this Agreement. The CONSULTANT will reimburse the CITY for any expenditures, including reasonable attorney fees, incurred by the CITY in defending against claims ultimately determined to arise out of, pertain to, or relate to the negligence, recklessness, or willful misconduct of the CONSULTANT.

B. For All Other Services. CONSULTANT agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless the CITY (including its officers, officials, employees, agents and volunteers) from and against all claims, demands, actions, losses, damages, injuries, and liability (including all attorney’s fees and other litigation expenses) arising out of the CONSULTANT’s performance under the terms of this Agreement. This indemnification obligation on CONSULTANT’s part shall not apply to the demands, actions, losses, damages, injuries, and liability arising out of the sole negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the CITY.

11. INSURANCE. CONSULTANT shall, at its own expense, procure and maintain in full force at all times during the term of this Agreement the following insurance:

A. Commercial General Liability Coverage. CONSULTANT shall maintain commercial general liability insurance with limits of no less than one million dollars ($1,000,000) combined single limit per occurrence or two million dollars ($2,000,000) aggregate limit for bodily injury, personal injury, and property damage.

B. Automobile Liability Coverage. CONSULTANT shall maintain automobile liability insurance covering all vehicles used in the performance of this Agreement providing a one

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28 million dollar ($1,000,000) combined single limit per occurrence for bodily injury, personal injury, and property damage.

C. Professional Liability Coverage (Errors and Omissions). CONSULTANT shall maintain professional liability insurance with coverage for all negligent errors, acts or omissions committed by CONSULTANT, its agents and employees in the performance of this Agreement. The amount of this insurance shall be not less than one million dollars ($1,000,000) on a claims made annual aggregate basis or a combined single limit per occurrence basis.

D. Compliance with State Workers' Compensation Requirements.

CONSULTANT covenants that it will insure itself against liability for Workers' Compensation pursuant to the provisions of California Labor Code §3700, et seq. CONSULTANT shall, at all times, upon demand of the City, furnish proof that Workers' Compensation Insurance is being maintained by it in force and effect in accordance with the California Labor Code. The insurer shall also agree to waive all rights of subrogation against the CITY, its officers, officials, employees and volunteers for losses arising from work performed by CONSULTANT for CITY. This provision shall not apply upon written verification by CONSULTANT that CONSULTANT has no employees.

E. Other Insurance Provisions. The policies are to contain, or be endorsed to contain the following provisions:
(1) Additional Insured. CITY, its officers, agents, employees, and volunteers are to be covered as an additional insured as respects: Liability arising out of activities performed by or on behalf of CONSULTANT and operations of CONSULTANT, premises owned, occupied, or used by CONSULTANT. The coverage shall contain no special limitations on the scope or protection afforded to CITY, its officers, officials, employees, or volunteers.

Except for worker's compensation and professional liability insurance, the policies mentioned in this subsection shall name CITY as an additional insured and provide for notice of cancellation to CITY. CONSULTANT shall also provide timely and prompt notice to CITY if CONSULTANT receives any notice of cancellation or nonrenewal from its insurer. (2) Primary Coverage. CONSULTANT'S insurance coverage shall be

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28 primary insurance with respect to CITY, its officers, officials, employees, and volunteers. Any insurance, risk pooling arrangement, or self-insurance maintained by CITY, its officers, officials, employees, or volunteers shall be in excess of CONSULTANT'S insurance and shall not contribute with it.
(3) Reporting Provisions. Any failure to comply with the reporting provisions of the policy shall not affect the coverage provided to the CITY, its officers, officials, employees, or volunteers.
(4) Verification of Coverage. CONSULTANT shall furnish CITY with certificates of insurance and the original endorsements effecting coverage required by this Agreement.

The certificates and endorsements for each insurance policy are to be signed by a person authorized by that insurer to bind coverage on its behalf. The aforementioned policies shall be issued by an insurance carrier having a rating of Best A-7 or better which is satisfactory to the City Attorney and shall be delivered to CITY at the time of the execution of this Agreement or before work commences. Such policies and certificates shall be in a form approved by the City Attorney. CITY reserves the right to require complete certified copies of all required insurance policies at any time.

12. TIME OF PERFORMANCE. The time of performance of the services under this Agreement is of the essence, and all time deadlines identified in this Agreement or Scope of Services shall be strictly construed.

13. SUSPENSION OF WORK. CITY may, at any time, by ten (10) days’ written notice, suspend further performance by CONSULTANT. All suspensions shall extend the time schedule for performance in a mutually satisfactory manner, and CONSULTANT shall be paid for services performed and reimbursable expenses incurred prior to the suspension date. During the period of suspension, CONSULTANT shall not receive any payment for services, or expenses, except for reasonable administration expenses, incurred by CONSULTANT by reason of such suspension.

14. TERMINATION. CITY may terminate this Agreement for any reason upon ten (10) days written notice to the other party. CITY may terminate the Agreement upon five (5) days written notice if CONSULTANT breaches this Agreement. In the event of any termination, CONSULTANT

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28 shall promptly deliver to the CITY any and all finished and unfinished reports or other written, recorded, photographic, or visual materials, documents, data, and other deliverables (“Work Materials”) prepared for the CITY prior to the effective date of such termination, all of which shall become CITY’s sole property. After receipt of the Work Materials, CITY will pay CONSULTANT for the services performed as of the effective date of the termination.

15. COMPLIANCE WITH CIVIL RIGHTS. During the performance of this contract, CONSULTANT agrees as follows:

A. Equal Employment Opportunity. In connection with the execution of this Agreement, CONSULTANT shall not discriminate against any employee or applicant for employment because of race, religion, color, sex, or national origin. Such actions shall include, but not be limited to, the following: employment, promotion, upgrading, demotion, or transfer; recruitment or recruitment advertising; layoff or termination; rate of pay or other forms of compensation; and selection for training including apprenticeship.

B. Nondiscrimination Civil Rights Act of 1964. CONSULTANT will comply with all federal regulations relative to nondiscrimination in federally assisted programs.

C. Solicitations for Subcontractors including Procurement of Materials and Equipment. In all solicitation, either by competitive bidding or negotiations, made by CONSULTANT for work to be performed under a subcontract including procurement of materials or leases of equipment, each potential subcontractor, supplier or lessor shall be notified by CONSULTANT of CONSULTANT’S obligation under this Agreement and the regulations relative to nondiscrimination on the grounds of race, religion, color, sex, or national origin.

16. CONFLICT OF INTEREST.

A. CONSULTANT covenants and represents that neither it, nor any officer or principal of its firm, has, or shall acquire any interest, directly or indirectly, which would conflict in any manner with the interests of CITY or which would in any way hinder CONSULTANT’s performance of services under this Agreement. CONSULTANT further covenants that in the performance of the Agreement, no person having any such interest shall be employed by it as an officer, employee, agent

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28 or subcontractor without the express written consent of the CITY. CONSULTANT agrees to at all times avoid conflicts of interest, or the appearance of any conflicts of interest, with the interests of the CITY in the performance of this Agreement.

B. CONSULTANT is not a designated employee within the meaning of the Political Reform Act because CONSULTANT:
(1) Will conduct research and arrive at conclusions with respect to its rendition of information, advice, recommendation or counsel independent of the control and direction of the CITY or of any CITY official, other than normal contract monitoring; and (2) Possesses no authority with respect to any CITY decision beyond the rendition of information, advice, recommendation or counsel. (2 Cal. Code Regs. § 18700(a)(2).)

17. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS. CONSULTANT shall comply with all applicable Federal, State of California, and local laws, rules, and regulations and shall obtain all applicable licenses, including a business license with the City of Concord, and permits for the conduct of its business and the performance of the services. CONSULTANT shall ensure that all of its officers, employees, agents, and subcontractors who: (i) enter CITY premises in connection with the services to be performed by CONSULTANT hereunder, and/or (ii) have in-person contact with CITY officers, officials, employees, subcontractors, agents, and volunteers, and/or members of the public, in connection with the services to be performed by CONSULTANT hereunder, comply with all applicable Federal, State of California, Contra Costa County, and local laws, rules, and regulations, whichever is the most restrictive, regarding COVID-19 or similar public health matters, including regarding vaccinations, testing, reporting, social distancing, social gathering, mask wearing, and associated requirements.

18. CHOICE OF LAW. This Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of California, excluding any choice of law rules which may direct the application of the laws of another jurisdiction. In the event that suit shall be brought by either party hereunder, the parties agree that trial of such action shall be held exclusively in a state court in the County of Contra Costa, California.

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28 19. NON-WAIVER. The waiver by either party of any breach of any term, covenant, or condition contained in the Agreement, or any default in their performance of any obligations under the Agreement shall not be deemed to be a waiver of any other breach or default of the same or any other term, covenant, condition, or obligation, nor shall any waiver of any incident of breach of default constitute a continuing waiver of same.

20. ENFORCEABILITY; INTERPRETATION. In the event that any of the provisions or portions of application of any of the provisions of the Agreement are held to be illegal or invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, CITY and CONSULTANT shall negotiate an equitable adjustment in the provisions of the Agreement with a view toward affecting the purpose of the Agreement. The illegality or invalidity of any of the provisions or portions of application of any of the provisions of the Agreement shall not affect the legality or enforceability of the remaining provisions or portions of application of any of the provisions of the Agreement. This Agreement shall be interpreted as though it was a product of a joint drafting effort and no provisions shall be interpreted against a party on the ground that said party was solely or primarily responsible for drafting the language to be interpreted.

21. INTEGRATION. All exhibits identified in this Agreement are attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference. The Agreement contains the entire agreement and understanding between the parties as to the subject matter of this Agreement. It merges and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous agreements, commitments, representation, writings, and discussions between CONSULTANT and CITY, whether oral or written.

22. SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS: NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES; NO JOINT VENTURE. CITY and CONSULTANT respectively, bind themselves, their successors, assigns, and legal representatives to the terms and obligations of this Agreement. CONSULTANT shall not assign or transfer any interest in the Agreement without the CITY's prior written consent, which consent shall be in the CITY’s sole discretion. Any attempted assignment or transfer in breach of this provision shall be void. This Agreement is not intended and shall not be construed to create any third party benefit. This Agreement is not intended and shall not be construed to create a joint venture or partnership between the parties. CONSULTANT, its officers, employees and agents shall not have any

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28 power to bind or commit the CITY to any decision.

23. FINANCIAL RECORDS. Records of CONSULTANT’s direct labor costs, payroll costs, and reimbursable expenses pertaining to this project covered by this Agreement will be kept on a generally recognized accounting basis and made available to CITY if and when required.

24. NOTICES. All notices required hereunder shall be in writing and mailed postage prepaid by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, or by personal delivery to the CITY's address as shown below, or such other places as CITY or CONSULTANT may, from time to time, respectively, designate in a written notice given to the other. Notice shall be deemed received three (3) days after the date of the mailing thereof or upon personal delivery.

To CITY: Carlton Thompson, City Engineer
Community Development Department
City of Concord
1950 Parkside Drive
Concord, CA 94519-2578
Phone: (925) 671-3182
Fax: (925) 798-8692
To CONSULTANT: Ernest Klock, PE
Principal-In-Charge
Zoon Engineering
3960 Adeline Street #3
Emeryville, CA 94608
Phone: (415) 533-7582

25. NON-LIABILITY. No member of the CITY and no other officer, employee or agent of the CITY shall be personally liable to CONSULTANT or otherwise in the event of any default or breach of the CITY, or for any amount which may become due to CONSULTANT or any successor in interest, or for any obligations directly or indirectly incurred under the terms of this Agreement.

26. EXECUTION . Each individual or entity executing this Agreement on behalf of CONSULTANT represents and warrants that he or she or it is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Agreement on behalf of CONSULTANT and that such execution is binding upon CONSULTANT.

This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall constitute one and the same instrument and shall become binding upon the parties when at least one copy hereof shall have

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28 been signed by both parties hereto. In approving this Agreement, it shall not be necessary to produce or account for more than one such counterpart.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement in one (1) or more copies as of the date and year first written above.

CONSULTANT CITY OF CONCORD, a Municipal
Corporation
By:_________________________________ By:______________________________ Name: Ernest Klock Name: Valerie Barone
Title: Principal-In_Charge Title City Manager
Address: 3960 Adeline Street #3 Address: 1950 Parkside Drive Emeryville, CA 94608 Concord, CA 94519
Telephone: (415) 533-7582 Telephone: (925) 671-3150
Email: [email protected]
APPROVED AS TO FORM: ATTEST:

Susanne Brown Joelle Fockler, MMC
City Attorney City Clerk
Date: _____________________________, 2023
FINANCE DIRECTOR'S CERTIFICATION:

Concord, California
Date: _____________________________, 2023

I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT ADEQUATE FUNDS EXIST OR WILL BE RECEIVED DURING THE CURRENT FISCAL YEAR 2022/23 TO PAY THE ANTICIPATED EXPENSES TO BE INCURRED PURSUANT TO THIS CONTRACT.

THE SUM OF $149,822.70
Account Code: 4029500C999-74200 / 4022575215-74200

Finance Director's Signature

City of Concord
Request for Proposals For
Construction Management And Material Testing Services For Citywide Protected Left-Turn Phasing Project
City Project No. 2575
Projected Labor Hours By Person
Name Title Task 1.

Pre Construction
Task 2.

Construction
Task 3.

Post Construction Total Hours Billing Rate TOTAL
Ernest Klock, PE Principal-In-Charge/Resident
Engineer 20 90 15 125 208.80$ 26,100.00$ Anthony Goryl, PE Assistant Resident Engineer/Office
Engineer 20 80 15 115 161.86$ 18,613.90$ Jason Seberger Construction Inspector 20 380 35 435 187.33$ 81,488.55$ 60 550 65 675
Total Labor Costs: 126,202.45$
Materials Testing Allowance: 10,000.00$
TOTAL: 136,202.45$
Notes:

1. Above hourly rates include all overhead, fringe, and profit unless otherwise noted.

2. Estimate based on a 45 working day construction duration and an additional 10 days for punch list

3. Equipment, supplies, and incidental costs included in labor rates unless otherwise noted.

4. Proposal assumes contract commencement of June 2023 and completion by or before December 31, 2023

5. Escalation for work beyond January 2024, if necessary is not accounted for.

6. Field office costs if required to billed as other direct costs with no markup.

Exhibit A to Attachment 3

Staff Report
Date: March 28, 2023
To: City Council
From: Valerie J. Barone, City Manager
Reviewed by: Justin Ezell, Assistant City Manager
Prepared by: Kevin Marstall, PE, Director of Community Development [email protected]
(925) 671-3257
Subject: Considering adoption of a Resolution adopting the City of Concord’s Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update.

Report in Brief
This effort represents the fourth comprehensive update to the City of Concord’s initial Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, approved by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in November of 2005 and originally developed in partnership with the Association of Bay Area Governments, then more recently developed in 2018 as a regional effort with a 35-member coalition of partners including unincorporated Contra Costa County, city and town governments, and special purpose districts. The current update was developed by City of Concord staff and consultant, along with a Steering Committee consisting of 18 partnering stakeholders. The result of the organizational effort will be a FEMA and California Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) approved single-jurisdictional, multi-hazard mitigation plan.

Recommended Action
Adoption of a Resolution (Attachment 1), adopting the City of Concord’s Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update.

Background
Responding to federal mandates in the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (Public Law 106- 390), an original partnership was formed to pool resources and to create a uniform hazard mitigation strategy that could be consistently applied to a defined planning area and used to ensure eligibility for specified grant funding success.

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City Council Agenda Report
Agenda Item No. 3.g
March 28, 2023
In November 2005, the City of Concord’s (City) initial hazard mitigation plan, approved by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), was developed in partnership with the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG). This was followed by a regional effort as part of the 2010 planning process.

Then, in November 2016, a 35-member coalition, including unincorporated Contra Costa County (County), fourteen (14) city and town governments, and twenty (20) special purpose districts embarked on the development of a multijurisdictional, multi- hazard mitigation plan, adopted by City Council (Council) in March 2018 and set to expire in April 2023.

In communications regarding the schedule to update the County multi-jurisdictional hazard mitigation plan (Plan), it was unclear that all the participating agencies were prepared to complete the process prior to expiration of the current Plan. Therefore, the City made the determination to complete a single-jurisdiction Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), to remain eligible to receive current and future FEMA grants.

On July 14, 2022, the City solicited Requests for Proposals (RFPs) from five (5) qualified consultants to perform all work required for preparation, approval, and adoption of the LHMP. The City received three (3) RFPs, which were reviewed and scored by a selection committee, and upon successful completion of reference checks the City entered into a Professional Services Agreement (PSA) with Tetra Tech, Inc.

Analysis
The City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update (2023 Update) is the first single-jurisdiction LHMP for the City and meets federal requirements for regular review and update of hazard mitigation plans.

The 2023 Update incorporates a number of significant changes and enhancements from the prior Plan, including:
 An enhanced risk assessment;
 Updated mission, goals, and objectives;
 Updated and enhanced public outreach; and
 An enhanced definition of critical facilities.

The development of this plan was funded by the City and co-managed by the Office of Emergency Services within the City of Concord Police Department (PD) and the City’s Community Development Department (CDD).

City Council Agenda Report
Agenda Item No. 3.g
March 28, 2023
Plan Development Approach
A core planning team (Planning Team) was assembled to facilitate the update of this plan, consisting of City and Tetra Tech staff. Subsequently, an 18-member steering committee (Steering Committee) was assembled to oversee the plan update, consisting of both governmental and non-governmental stakeholders within the planning area, which was defined as the incorporated area of the City of Concord. To form the Steering Committee, the Planning Team did direct outreach to the robust list of local and regional stakeholders with whom the City has long-standing relationships. The community partners and local agencies who enthusiastically accepted included: John Muir Health, Food Bank of Contra Costa & Solano, Monument Crisis Center, American Red Cross, Contra Costa Water District (CCWD), Central Contra Costa Sanitary District (CCCSD), BART, PG&E, Kinder Morgan, and Contra Costa County Office of Emergency Services.

These organizations represent a broad spectrum of knowledge and experience in service to the residents of Concord and their active participation in developing the 2023 Update was essential to producing the breadth and quality of the LHMP. Coordination with other local, state, and federal agencies involved in hazard mitigation also occurred throughout the plan update process. The Planning Team and Steering Committee reviewed the 2018 County Plan, the California statewide hazard mitigation plan, and existing programs that may support hazard mitigation actions.

The Planning Team implemented a multi-media public involvement strategy that was approved by the Steering Committee. The strategy included participation at popular community events to make the public aware of the hazard mitigation plan update. Public outreach efforts included a hazard mitigation survey, a project website, the use of social media (Facebook, Twitter and Nextdoor), announcements in the City’s e-newsletter, CERT outreach, and multiple press releases. In addition, residents were asked to contribute by sharing local knowledge of their individual area’s vulnerability to natural hazards based on past occurrences.

Based on the review of existing plans and programs, the input received through the public involvement strategy, the direction of the Steering Committee, and the findings of a new, detailed risk assessment performed for the 2023 Update, the Planning Team assembled a document that meets federal hazard mitigation planning requirements, in accordance and aligned with the goals, objectives, and priorities of the Cal OES Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, in addition to FEMA preparation guidelines.

The hazard identification and profiling in the 2023 Update addresses the following natural hazards considered to be of significant importance within the planning area:

1. Climate change

2. Dam and levee failure

3. Drought

4. Earthquake

City Council Agenda Report
Agenda Item No. 3.g
March 28, 2023

5. Flood

6. Mass movement/landslide

7. Severe weather

8. Wildfire
Mitigation is defined in this context as any sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to life and property from a hazard event. Mitigation planning is the systematic process of learning about the hazards that can affect the community, setting clear goals, identifying appropriate actions and following through with an effective mitigation strategy. Mitigation encourages long-term reduction of hazard vulnerability and can reduce the enormous cost of disasters to property owners and all levels of government. Mitigation can also protect critical community facilities, reduce exposure to liability, and minimize post-disaster community disruption.

On February 28, 2023, the 2023 Update was submitted by the consultant to Cal-OES and received for review. On March 6, 2023, the City received confirmation that the submitted 2023 Update was approved by Cal OES and forwarded to FEMA Region 9, pending their final approval.

With Council adoption of the 2023 Update on March 28, 2023, prior to the current Plan expiration, the City remains eligible to apply for hazard mitigation project funding from the suite of grant programs under FEMA’s Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA) program.

The LHMP is considered a living document such that, as awareness of additional hazards develops and new strategies and projects are conceived to offset or prevent losses due to natural disasters, the LHMP will be evaluated and revised on a continual 5-year time frame.

Financial Impact
Upon adoption of the 2023 Update, the City is eligible to apply for specified grants, made available to states and local governments which can be used to implement the long-term hazard mitigation measures specified within the City of Concord’s LHMP, before and after a major disaster declaration.

Environmental Determination
Not a project/exempt pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21065, CEQA Guidelines Sections 15060(c), 15061(b)(3), and/or 15378. Any project action identified in this plan will seek full CEQA compliance upon implementation.

Public Contact
The City Council Agenda was posted.

City Council Agenda Report
Agenda Item No. 3.g
March 28, 2023
Attachments

1. Resolution adopting City of Concord’s Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update Exhibit A: City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update

Res No. 23-XX 1

BEFORE THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CONCORD

COUNTY OF CONTRA COSTA, STATE OF CALIFORNIA
A Resolution Adopting the City of Concord’s Hazard
Mitigation Plan 2023 Update. Resolution No. 23-XX
/
WHEREAS, all of the City of Concord has exposure to natural hazards that increase the risk to life, property, environment, and the City’s economy; and WHEREAS, pro-active mitigation of known hazards before a disaster event can reduce or eliminate long-term risk to life and property; and
WHEREAS, the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-390) established new requirements for pre- and post-disaster hazard mitigation programs; and WHEREAS, a planning team with like planning objectives has been formed to create consistent mitigation strategies to be implemented within each City department’s identified capabilities, within the City of Concord Planning Area; and WHEREAS, the planning team has completed a planning process that engages the public, assesses the risk and vulnerability to the impacts of natural hazards, develops a mitigation strategy consistent with a set of uniform goals and objectives, and creates a plan for implementing, evaluating, and revising this strategy.

NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CONCORD DOES RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS:

Section 1. Adopts in its entirety, the City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update as an official plan, incorporated herein by reference as Exhibit A, as its Local Hazard Mitigation Plan.

Section 2. Adopts the City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update by reference into the Safety Element of the General Plan in accordance with the requirements of AB 2140.

Section 3. Directs staff to submit this adoption resolution to the California Office of Emergency Services and FEMA Region IX officials to enable the plan’s final approval in accordance with the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 and to establish conformance with requirement of AB 2140.

Attachment 1

Res No. 23-XX 2
Section 4. Pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21065, CEQA Guidelines Sections 15060(c), 15061(b)(3), and/or 15378, adoption of this resolution is not subject to environmental review under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) of 1970, as amended, because it will not result in a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment, and falls within the “common sense” exemption set forth in CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3), excluding projects where “it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment.”
Section 5. This resolution shall become effective immediately upon its passage and adoption.

PASSED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Concord on March 28, 2023, by the following vote:

AYES: Councilmembers -
NOES: Councilmembers -
ABSTAIN: Councilmembers -
ABSENT: Councilmembers -
I HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing Resolution No. 23-XX was duly and regularly adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Concord on March 28, 2023.

Joelle Fockler, MMC
City Clerk
APPROVED AS TO FORM:

Susanne Meyer Brown
City Attorney
Attachment: Exhibit A – City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update

Exhibit A to Attachment 1

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan
Prepared for Prepared by
City of Concord Tetra Tech
1950 Parkside Drive
Concord, California 94519
https://cityofconcord.org/
1999 Harrison Street
Suite 500
Oakland, CA 94612
Phone: 510.302.6300
Fax: 510.433.0830
tetratech.com
Tetra Tech Project # 103S8478
\\tt.local\gfs\USVolume2\Legacy\tts121fs1\EMI\Data\EMCR_Projects\California\Concord\HMP_2022\Plan Development\Plan Documents\2023- 03_AgencySubmittalDraft\2023_Concord_HMP_AgencySubmittalDraft.docx

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Contents
v

CONTENTS
Contents ............................................................................................................................................. v Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................. xii Definitions and Acronyms ................................................................................................................ xiii Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... xviii PART 1— PLANNING PROCESS AND COMMUNITY PROFILE

1. Introduction to Hazard Mitigation Planning ................................................................................................................. 1-1

1.1 Why Prepare This Plan? ........................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Who Will Benefit From This Plan? ........................................................................................................................ 1-2

1.3 Contents of This Plan .............................................................................................................................................. 1-2

2. Plan Update—What Has Changed .................................................................................................................................. 2-1

2.1 The Previous Plan ..................................................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Why Update? ............................................................................................................................................................. 2-1

2.3 The Updated Plan—What Is Different? ............................................................................................................... 2-2

3. Plan Development Approach ........................................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1 Formation of the Planning Team ........................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.2 Defining the Planning Area ..................................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.3 The Steering Committee .......................................................................................................................................... 3-3

3.4 Coordination with Stakeholders and Other Agencies ......................................................................................... 3-3

3.5 Review of Existing Programs .................................................................................................................................. 3-4

3.6 Public Involvement ................................................................................................................................................... 3-5

3.7 Plan Development Chronology/Milestones ....................................................................................................... 3-11

4. City of Concord Profile ..................................................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 City Government ...................................................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 Historical Overview .................................................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.3 Physical Setting .......................................................................................................................................................... 4-2

4.4 Sensitive Resources ................................................................................................................................................... 4-3

4.5 Development Profile ................................................................................................................................................ 4-4

4.6 Demographic Profile .............................................................................................................................................. 4-10

4.7 Economy .................................................................................................................................................................. 4-15

5. Hazards Addressed in This Plan ...................................................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 Major Past Hazard Events ....................................................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2 Identified Hazards of Concern ............................................................................................................................... 5-2

6. Regulations and Programs ................................................................................................................................................. 6-1

6.1 Federal and State ....................................................................................................................................................... 6-1

6.2 City of Concord ......................................................................................................................................................... 6-4

6.3 Capability Assessment .............................................................................................................................................. 6-5 PART 2— RISK ASSESSMENT

7. Risk Assessment Methodology ......................................................................................................................................... 7-1

7.1 Risk Assessment Tools............................................................................................................................................. 7-1

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7.2 Risk Assessment Approach ..................................................................................................................................... 7-2

7.3 Sources of Data Used ............................................................................................................................................... 7-4

7.4 Limitations ................................................................................................................................................................. 7-5

8. Dam and Levee Failure ...................................................................................................................................................... 8-1

8.1 General Background ................................................................................................................................................. 8-1

8.2 Hazard Profile............................................................................................................................................................ 8-4

8.3 Exposure and Vulnerability ..................................................................................................................................... 8-9

8.4 Future Trends in Development .............................................................................................................................. 8-9

8.5 Scenario ...................................................................................................................................................................... 8-9

8.6 Issues ........................................................................................................................................................................... 8-9

9. Drought ................................................................................................................................................................................ 9-1

9.1 General Background ................................................................................................................................................. 9-1

9.2 Hazard Profile............................................................................................................................................................ 9-6

9.3 Exposure and Vulnerability ..................................................................................................................................... 9-9

9.4 Future Trends in Development ............................................................................................................................ 9-10

9.5 Scenario .................................................................................................................................................................... 9-10

9.6 Issues ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9-10

10. Earthquake ....................................................................................................................................................................... 10-1

10.1 General Background ............................................................................................................................................. 10-1

10.2 Hazard Profile ....................................................................................................................................................... 10-6

10.3 Exposure .............................................................................................................................................................. 10-13

10.4 Vulnerability ......................................................................................................................................................... 10-13

10.5 Future Trends in Development ........................................................................................................................ 10-23

10.6 Scenario ................................................................................................................................................................ 10-23

10.7 Issues ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10-24

11. Flood ................................................................................................................................................................................ 11-1

11.1 General Background ............................................................................................................................................. 11-1

11.2 Hazard Profile ....................................................................................................................................................... 11-3

11.3 Exposure .............................................................................................................................................................. 11-11

11.4 Vulnerability ......................................................................................................................................................... 11-14

11.5 Future Trends ...................................................................................................................................................... 11-17

11.6 Scenario ................................................................................................................................................................ 11-17

11.7 Issues ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11-18

12. Landslide .......................................................................................................................................................................... 12-1

12.1 General Background ............................................................................................................................................. 12-1

12.2 Hazard Profile ....................................................................................................................................................... 12-4

12.3 Exposure ................................................................................................................................................................ 12-7

12.4 Vulnerability ........................................................................................................................................................... 12-8

12.5 Future Trends in Development .......................................................................................................................... 12-9

12.6 Scenario ................................................................................................................................................................ 12-10

12.7 Issues ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12-10

13. Severe Weather ............................................................................................................................................................... 13-1

13.1 General Background ............................................................................................................................................. 13-1

13.2 Hazard Profile ....................................................................................................................................................... 13-5

13.3 Exposure ................................................................................................................................................................ 13-9

13.4 Vulnerability ........................................................................................................................................................... 13-9

13.5 Future Trends in Development ........................................................................................................................ 13-11

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13.6 Scenario ................................................................................................................................................................ 13-11

13.7 Issues ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13-11

14. Wildfire ............................................................................................................................................................................. 14-1

14.1 General Background ............................................................................................................................................. 14-1

14.2 Secondary Impacts ................................................................................................................................................ 14-1

14.3 Hazard Profile ....................................................................................................................................................... 14-1

14.4 Exposure and Vulnerability ................................................................................................................................. 14-3

14.5 Future Trends in Development .......................................................................................................................... 14-3

14.6 Scenario .................................................................................................................................................................. 14-3

14.7 Issues ....................................................................................................................................................................... 14-3

15. Climate Change ............................................................................................................................................................... 15-1

15.1 General Background ............................................................................................................................................. 15-1

15.2 Projected Future Impacts for Concord ............................................................................................................. 15-5

15.3 Vulnerability Assessment— Hazards of Concern ........................................................................................... 15-8

15.4 Issues ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15-14

16. Other Hazards of Interest ............................................................................................................................................. 16-1

16.1 Human-Caused Hazards ...................................................................................................................................... 16-1

16.2 Infectious Disease ............................................................................................................................................... 16-29

17. Risk Ranking.................................................................................................................................................................... 17-1

17.1 Probability of Occurrence ................................................................................................................................... 17-1

17.2 Impact ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17-2

17.3 Risk Rating and Ranking ...................................................................................................................................... 17-4 PART 3— MITIGATION STRATEGY

18. Goals and Objectives ..................................................................................................................................................... 18-1

18.1 Mission Statement ................................................................................................................................................. 18-1

18.2 Goals ....................................................................................................................................................................... 18-1

18.3 Objectives............................................................................................................................................................... 18-1

19. Mitigation Best Practices and Adaptive Capacity ...................................................................................................... 19-1

19.1 Mitigation Best Practices ..................................................................................................................................... 19-1

19.2 Adaptive Capacity ................................................................................................................................................. 19-8

20. Action Plan and Implementation ................................................................................................................................. 20-1

20.1 Status of Previous Plan Actions ......................................................................................................................... 20-1

20.2 Action Plan ............................................................................................................................................................ 20-1

20.3 Action Plan Prioritization .................................................................................................................................... 20-5

20.4 Classification of Actions ...................................................................................................................................... 20-7

21. Plan Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance ................................................................................................... 21-1

21.1 Plan Adoption ....................................................................................................................................................... 21-1

21.2 Plan Implementation ............................................................................................................................................ 21-1

21.3 Plan Maintenance .................................................................................................................................................. 21-1

22. References .............................................................................................................................................................................. 1

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Contents
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Appendices
Appendix A. Outreach Survey & Results
Appendix B. Summary of Federal and State Agencies, Programs and Regulation Appendix C. Data Sources and Methods Used for Mapping
Appendix D. Detailed Risk Assessment Results
Appendix E. Cal-Adapt Climate Projection Snapshot Report for the City of Concord Appendix F. Review of Previous Plan Actions
Appendix G. Progress Report Template
Appendix H. City Adoption Resolution and FEMA Approval

Tables
Table 2-1. Plan Changes Crosswalk ............................................................................................................................................. 2-3 Table 3-1. Steering Committee Members ................................................................................................................................... 3-3 Table 3-2. Summary of Public Meetings and Events ............................................................................................................. 3-10 Table 3-3. Plan Development Chronology/Milestones ......................................................................................................... 3-12 Table 4-1. Identified Soil Types in Contra Costa County ........................................................................................................ 4-3 Table 4-2. Average Concord Climate Data ................................................................................................................................ 4-3 Table 4-3. General Plan Land Use within the Planning Area ................................................................................................. 4-5 Table 4-4. Distribution of Buildings in the Planning Area by Use Type .............................................................................. 4-5 Table 4-5. Planning Area Critical Facilities ................................................................................................................................ 4-6 Table 4-6. Recent and Expected Future Development Trends .............................................................................................. 4-9 Table 4-7. Annual Population Data ........................................................................................................................................... 4-10 Table 4-8. Comparative Statistics for Renter-Occupied and Owner-Occupied Housing Units ..................................... 4-15 Table 5-1. Federal Disaster Declarations Applying to Contra Costa County ....................................................................... 5-1 Table 5-2. City of Concord Hazard Comparison with California State Hazards ................................................................. 5-2 Table 6-1. Summary of Relevant Federal Agencies, Programs and Regulations .................................................................. 6-1 Table 6-2. Summary of Relevant State Agencies, Programs and Regulations ...................................................................... 6-2 Table 6-3. Planning and Regulatory Capability .......................................................................................................................... 6-6 Table 6-4. Administrative and Technical Capability ................................................................................................................. 6-8 Table 6-5. Fiscal Capability ........................................................................................................................................................... 6-9 Table 6-6. Community Classifications ........................................................................................................................................ 6-9 Table 6-7. Development and Permitting Capability ............................................................................................................... 6-10 Table 6-8. National Flood Insurance Program Compliance ................................................................................................. 6-10 Table 6-9. Education and Outreach .......................................................................................................................................... 6-11 Table 6-10. Adaptive Capacity for Climate Change ................................................................................................................ 6-12 Table 7-1. Hazus Model Data Documentation ......................................................................................................................... 7-5 Table 8-1. State of California Downstream Hazard Potential Classification ........................................................................ 8-3

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Table 8-2. Dams with Potential to Impact the City of Concord ............................................................................................ 8-6 Table 8-3. Project Levees in Protecting the City of Concord ................................................................................................. 8-8 Table 9-1. State Drought Management Program ...................................................................................................................... 9-4 Table 10-1. Mercalli Scale and Peak Ground Acceleration Comparison ............................................................................ 10-3 Table 10-2. NEHRP Soil Classification System ...................................................................................................................... 10-5 Table 10-3. Earthquakes Magnitude 5.0 or Larger Within 100-mile Radius of the Planning Area ................................. 10-6 Table 10-4. Earthquake Probabilities for the San Francisco Bay Area Region, 2014-2043 ........................................... 10-11 Table 10-5. Earthquakes Modeled for Risk Assessment ...................................................................................................... 10-13 Table 10-6. Estimated Earthquake Impact on Persons and Households ......................................................................... 10-13 Table 10-7. Age of Structures in Planning Area .................................................................................................................... 10-18 Table 10-8. Loss Estimates for Modeled Earthquake Scenarios ........................................................................................ 10-18 Table 11-1. History of Flood Events ........................................................................................................................................ 11-7 Table 11-2. Summary of Peak Discharges Within the Planning Area ............................................................................... 11-10 Table 11-3. Exposed Population and Property in Evaluated Flood Hazard Zones ........................................................ 11-12 Table 11-4. Estimated Flood Impacts on Households and Residents ............................................................................... 11-14 Table 11-5. Estimated Impact of a Flood Event in the Planning Area ............................................................................. 11-15 Table 12-1. Landslide Events Near the City of Concord ...................................................................................................... 12-5 Table 12-2. Exposed Population and Property in Mapped Landslide Risk Zones ............................................................ 12-8 Table 12-3. Loss Potential for Landslide (Aggregate from Very High and High Risk Area Exposure) ........................ 12-9 Table 13-1. Beaufort Wind Chart .............................................................................................................................................. 13-3 Table 13-2. Triggers for Public Safety Power Shutoff Events .............................................................................................. 13-5 Table 13-3. Severe Weather Events in Concord and the Surrounding Area, January 2002 – September 2022 ............ 13-7 Table 13-4. Loss Potential for Severe weather ...................................................................................................................... 13-10 Table 15-1. Climate Projections for the City of Concord ...................................................................................................... 15-6 Table 16-1. Event Profiles for Terrorism ................................................................................................................................. 16-2 Table 16-2. Common Mechanisms for Cyber-Attacks ........................................................................................................... 16-6 Table 16-3. Hazardous Materials Spills in the City of Concord Reported to Cal OES, 2018-2022 ............................. 16-12 Table 16-4. Criticality Factors................................................................................................................................................... 16-20 Table 16-5. Vulnerability Criteria ............................................................................................................................................. 16-21 Table 16-6. FEMA Standard Value for Loss of Service for Utilities and Roads/Bridges .............................................. 16-23 Table 19-1. Alternatives to Mitigate the Dam and Levee Failure Hazard ........................................................................... 19-2 Table 19-2. Alternatives to Mitigate the Drought Hazard ..................................................................................................... 19-3 Table 19-3. Alternatives to Mitigate the Earthquake Hazard ................................................................................................ 19-4 Table 19-4. Alternatives to Mitigate the Flood Hazard .......................................................................................................... 19-5 Table 19-5. Alternatives to Mitigate the Landslide Hazard ................................................................................................... 19-6 Table 19-6. Alternatives to Mitigate the Severe Weather Hazard ......................................................................................... 19-7 Table 19-7. Alternatives to Mitigate the Wildfire Hazard ...................................................................................................... 19-8 Table 20-1. Action Plan ............................................................................................................................................................... 20-2 Table 20-2. Mitigation Action Priority ...................................................................................................................................... 20-7 Table 20-3. Classification of Mitigation Actions ..................................................................................................................... 20-8 Table 21-1. Plan Maintenance Matrix ....................................................................................................................................... 21-2

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Contents
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Figures
Figure 3-1. Planning Area ............................................................................................................................................................. 3-2 Figure 3-2. Sample Page from Survey Distributed to the Public ............................................................................................ 3-7 Figure 3-3. Hazard Awareness Booth at the Concord Senior Center Craft Fair ................................................................. 3-8 Figure 3-4. Surveys Distributed at the Concord Senior Center Craft Fair ............................................................................ 3-8 Figure 3-5. Hazard Mitigation Booth Volunteers at the Concord Tree Lighting Ceremony ............................................. 3-8 Figure 3-6. Surveys Distributed at the Concord Tree Lighting Ceremony ........................................................................... 3-8 Figure 3-7. Hazard Mitigation Plan Webpage on the City of Concord Website .................................................................. 3-9 Figure 3-8. Example Story Map Data Page .............................................................................................................................. 3-10 Figure 4-1. Critical Facilities (1 of 2) ........................................................................................................................................... 4-7 Figure 4-2. Critical Facilities (2 of 2) ........................................................................................................................................... 4-8 Figure 4-3. California and City of Concord Population Growth.......................................................................................... 4-10 Figure 4-4. Concord Age Distribution ...................................................................................................................................... 4-12 Figure 4-5. Concord Race Distribution .................................................................................................................................... 4-13 Figure 4-6. Concord Ethnicity Distribution ............................................................................................................................. 4-14 Figure 4-7. High Social Vulnerability Areas in the Planning Area ....................................................................................... 4-16 Figure 4-8. Industry in the Planning Area ................................................................................................................................ 4-17 Figure 4-9. Occupations in the City of Concord ..................................................................................................................... 4-18 Figure 4-10. California and Contra Costa County Unemployment Rate ............................................................................ 4-18 Figure 8-1. High or Extremely High Hazard Dams with Potential to Affect the Planning Area ..................................... 8-5 Figure 8-2. Dam Failure Inundation Areas ................................................................................................................................ 8-7 Figure 9-1. Example Drought Index Maps (November and December 2022) .................................................................... 9-3 Figure 9-2. Percent of Contra Costa County Affected by USDM Ratings, 2000 –2023 .................................................... 9-7 Figure 10-1. 2018 USGS National Seismic Hazard Map ....................................................................................................... 10-5 Figure 10-2. Significant Known Faults in the Bay Area ......................................................................................................... 10-7 Figure 10-3. NEHRP Soil Classification ................................................................................................................................. 10-9 Figure 10-4. Liquefaction Susceptibility .................................................................................................................................. 10-10 Figure 10-5. PGA with 2-Percent Probability of Exceedance in 50 Years ....................................................................... 10-12 Figure 10-6. Earthquake Scenario—100-Year Probabilistic Event .................................................................................... 10-14 Figure 10-7. Earthquake Scenario—Concord-Green Valley Fault M6.8 .......................................................................... 10-15 Figure 10-8. Earthquake Scenario—Hayward (Haywired Scenario) M7.05 ...................................................................... 10-16 Figure 10-9. Earthquake Scenario—Mount Diablo Fault M6.7 ......................................................................................... 10-17 Figure 10-10. Critical Facility Damage Potential, 100-Year Probabilistic Event ............................................................. 10-19 Figure 10-11. Critical Facility Damage Potential, Concord-Green Valley Fault Scenario (M6.8) ................................. 10-20 Figure 10-12. Critical Facility Damage Potential, Haywired Fault Scenario (M7.05) ...................................................... 10-20 Figure 10-13. Critical Facility Damage Potential, Mount Diablo Fault Scenario (M6.7) ................................................ 10-21 Figure 10-14. Critical Facility Functionality, 100-Year Probabilistic Event ...................................................................... 10-21 Figure 10-15. Critical Facility Functionality, Concord-Green Valley Fault Scenario (M6.8) ......................................... 10-22 Figure 10-16. Critical Facility Functionality, Haywired Fault Scenario (M7.05) .............................................................. 10-22 Figure 10-17. Critical Facility Functionality, Mount Diablo Fault Scenario (M6.7) ........................................................ 10-23 Figure 11-1. Special Flood Hazard Areas ................................................................................................................................. 11-9 Figure 11-2. Exposed Structures in 1% Annual Chance Flood Zone by Occupancy Class .......................................... 11-12 Figure 11-3. Exposed Structures in 0.2% Annual Chance Flood Zone by Occupancy Class ....................................... 11-12

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Figure 11-4. Number of Critical Facilities in Mapped Flood Hazard Areas ..................................................................... 11-13 Figure 11-5. Critical Facilities in Mapped Flood Hazard Areas as % of Total in Category ........................................... 11-13 Figure 11-6. Critical Facilities Affected by the 1% and 0.2% Annual Chance Floods .................................................... 11-16 Figure 11-7. Average Damage to Critical Facilities from 1% and 0.2% Annual Chance Floods .................................. 11-16 Figure 12-1. Common Landslide Types ................................................................................................................................... 12-2 Figure 12-2. Landslide Susceptibility ......................................................................................................................................... 12-6 Figure 12-3. Exposed Structures in Moderate Landslide Risk Area by Occupancy Class ................................................ 12-8 Figure 12-4. Exposed Structures in High Landslide Risk Area by Occupancy Class ........................................................ 12-8 Figure 13-1. Weather Fatalities Including Extreme Heat ...................................................................................................... 13-2 Figure 13-2. NWS Heat Risk Forecasting System ................................................................................................................... 13-8 Figure 15-1. Global Carbon Dioxide Concentrations Over Time ....................................................................................... 15-2 Figure 15-2. California’s 2020 Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory by Sector ............................................................... 15-2 Figure 15-3. Observed and Projected Yearly Maximum Temperatures in the City of Concord ..................................... 15-6 Figure 15-4. Observed and Projected Average Annual Precipitation in the City of Concord ......................................... 15-7 Figure 15-5. Observed and Projected Average Annual Wildfire Burn Area in the City of Concord ............................. 15-7 Figure 16-1. Pipelines in Concord ........................................................................................................................................... 16-15 Figure 17-1. Probability Factors for Hazards of Concern ..................................................................................................... 17-2 Figure 17-2. Impact Factors for Hazards of Concern ............................................................................................................ 17-3 Figure 17-3. Total Risk Rating for Hazards of Concern ........................................................................................................ 17-4 Figure 17-4. Hazard Risk Ranking ............................................................................................................................................. 17-4

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Acknowledgments
xii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
City of Concord
• Trish Beirne, Emergency & Volunteer Services Manager, City of Concord • Bruce Davis, Senior Civil Engineer, City of Concord
• Kevin Marstall, Community Development Director, City of Concord • Jennifer Nylander, Administrative Coordinator, City of Concord • Carlton Thompson, Engineer, City of Concord
Consultants
• Bart Spencer, Tetra Tech, Inc., Project Manager
• Rob Flaner, Tetra Tech, Inc., Program Manager
• Megan Brotherton, Tetra Tech, Inc., Planner
• Nate Stueve, Tetra Tech, Inc., Planner
• Jake Poland, Tetra Tech, Inc., Planner
• Carol Bauman, Tetra Tech, Inc., Risk Assessment Lead
• Dan Portman, Tetra Tech, Inc., Technical Editor
Special Acknowledgments
Development of this plan would not have been possible without the commitment of the City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Steering Committee. The dedication of this committee’s volunteer members to allocate their time to developing the plan is greatly appreciated. Also, residents of Concord are commended for their participation in the outreach strategy identified by the Steering Committee. This outreach success will set the course to successful implementation of this plan during its next performance period.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Definitions and Acronyms xiii

DEFINITIONS AND ACRONYMS
°F—Degrees Fahrenheit

0.2 percent-annual-chance flood—The flood that has a

0.2 percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any
given year; often referred to as the 500-year flood

0.2-percent-annual-chance (500-year) floodplain—The
area flooded by the flood that has a 0.2-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in a given year.
1 percent-annual-chance flood—The flood that has a
1 percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year; often referred to as the 100-year flood
1-percent-annual-chance (100-year) floodplain—The area
flooded by the flood that has a 1-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in a given year. The 1-percent-annual- chance flood is the standard used by most federal and state agencies.

AB—Assembly Bill
ADA—Americans with Disabilities Act
asset—Any man-made or natural feature that has value,
including people; buildings; infrastructure, such as bridges, roads, sewers, and water systems; lifelines, such as
electricity and communication resources; and environmental, cultural, or recreational features such as parks, wetlands, and landmarks
base flood—The flood having a 1% chance of being
equaled or exceeded in any given year, also known as the “100-year” or “1 percent annual chance” flood. The base flood is a statistical concept used to ensure that all
properties subject to the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) are protected to the same degree against flooding. basin—The area within which all surface water—whether
from rainfall, snowmelt, springs, or other sources—flows to a single water body or watercourse. The boundary of a river basin is defined by natural topography, such as hills,
mountains, and ridges. Basins are also referred to as
“watersheds.”
benefit/cost analysis—A systematic, quantitative method of comparing projected benefits to projected costs of a project or policy. It is used as a measure of cost effectiveness. benefit—A net project outcome and is usually defined in monetary terms. Benefits may include direct and indirect effects. For the purposes of benefit/cost analysis of
proposed mitigation measures, benefits are limited to
specific, measurable, risk reduction factors, including reduction in expected property losses (buildings, contents, and functions) and protection of human life.

BRIC—Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities
CAL FIRE—California Department of Forestry and Fire
Protection
Cal OES—California Office of Emergency Services
capability assessment—An analysis of a community’s
capacity to address threats associated with hazards. The assessment includes two components: an inventory of an
agency’s mission, programs, and policies, and an analysis of its capacity to carry them out.

CCR—California Code of Regulations
CDBG-DR—Community Development Block Grant Disaster
Recovery grants
CDC—Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CEQA—California Environmental Quality Act
CFR—Code of Federal Regulations
civil unrest— A violent public disturbance of the peace by three or more individuals. Civil unrest is a result of
displeasure with or protest against socio-political problems and varies in severity. The tactics can range from permitted protest to criminal activities, all of which can escalate into chaos for those participating in the activities as well as for the general public.
climate change—A change in global or regional climate
patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.

Community Rating System (CRS)—A voluntary program
under the NFIP that rewards participating communities
(provides incentives) for exceeding the minimum
requirements of the NFIP and completing activities that reduce flood hazard risk by providing flood insurance
premium discounts.
critical area: An area defined by state or local regulations as deserving special protection because of unique natural features or its value as habitat for a wide range of species of flora and fauna. A sensitive/critical area is usually subject to more restrictive development regulations.
critical facility: Facilities and infrastructure that are critical to the health and welfare of the population. These become especially important after any hazard event occurs.

CRS—Community Rating System
CWA—Clean Water Act
cyber-attack—An attempt to damage, disrupt, or gain
unauthorized access to a computer, computer system, or
electronic communications network.
dam failure—An uncontrolled release of impounded water
due to structural deficiencies in dam.
dam—Any artificial barrier or controlling mechanism that can or does impound or divert water.
debris flow: Dense mixtures of water-saturated debris that move down-valley; looking and behaving much like flowing concrete. They form when loose masses of unconsolidated material are saturated, become unstable, and move down
slope. The source of water varies but includes rainfall, melting snow or ice, and glacial outburst floods.

DFIRM—Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Definitions and Acronyms xiv
Disaster Mitigation Act (DMA; Public Law 106-390)—The
latest federal legislation enacted to encourage and promote proactive, pre-disaster planning as a condition of receiving certain federal financial assistance.

DMA —Disaster Mitigation Act
drought—The cumulative impacts of long periods of dry
weather. These can include deficiencies in surface and
subsurface water supplies and general impacts on health, well-being, and quality of life.

DTSC—Department of Toxic Substances Control
DWR—Department of Water Resources (California)
EAP—Emergency action plan
earthquake—The shaking of the ground caused by an
abrupt shift of rock along a fracture in the earth or a contact zone between tectonic plates.
ecosystem services—An ecosystem service is any positive benefit that wildlife or ecosystems provide to people. The benefits can be direct or indirect—small or large.
emergency action plan—A formal document that identifies potential emergency conditions at a dam and specifies
actions to be followed to minimize property damage and loss of life. The plan specifies actions the dam owner should take to alleviate problems at a dam. It contains procedures and information to assist the dam owner in issuing early warning and notification messages to responsible downstream
emergency management authorities of the emergency
situation. It also contains inundation maps to show
emergency management authorities the critical areas for action in case of an emergency.
epicenter—The point on the earth’s surface directly above the hypocenter of an earthquake. The location of an
earthquake is commonly described by the geographic
position of its epicenter and by its focal depth.
epidemic—The spread of an infectious disease beyond a
local population, reaching people in a wider geographical area. Several factors determine whether an outbreak will become an epidemic: the ease with which the disease
spreads from vectors, such as animals, to people, and the ease with which it spreads from person to person.

ESA—Endangered Species Act
exposure—Exposure is defined as the number and dollar
value of assets considered to be at risk during the
occurrence of a specific hazard.
extreme heat—Temperatures that hover 10 ºF or more
above the average high temperature for a region and last for several days.
fault—A fracture in the earth’s crust along which two blocks of the crust have slipped with respect to each other.

FBI—Federal Bureau of Investigation
FCWCD—Flood Control and Water Conservation District
federal disaster declaration—Declarations for events that cause more damage than state and local governments and
resources can handle without federal government
assistance. A federal disaster declaration puts into motion long-term federal recovery programs, some of which are
matched by state programs, to help disaster victims,
businesses, and public entities.

FEMA—Federal Emergency Management Agency
FERC—Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
FHSZ—Fire hazard severity zone
fire behavior: Fire behavior refers to the physical
characteristics of a fire and is a function of the interaction between the fuel characteristics (such as type of vegetation and structures that could burn), topography, and weather.

Variables that affect fire behavior include the rate of spread, intensity, fuel consumption, and fire type (such as
underbrush versus crown fire).

FIRM—Flood Insurance Rate Map
flash flood—A flood that occurs with little or no warning when water levels rise at an extremely fast rate
flood control system—A system of open channels, flood
control basins, storm drains, catch basins, culverts, low-flow diversion structures, pump stations, debris basins, detention basins, and spreading grounds developed to protect an area from flooding.

Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM)—The official maps on
which the Federal Emergency Management Agency
delineate the Special Flood Hazard Area.

Flood Insurance Study—A report published by the Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration for a community in conjunction with the community’s Flood Insurance rate Map.

The study contains such background data as the base flood discharges and water surface elevations that were used to prepare the FIRM. In most cases, a community FIRM with
detailed mapping will have a corresponding flood insurance study.
floodplain—The land area along the sides of a river that becomes inundated with water during a flood.
flood—The inundation of normally dry land resulting from the rising and overflowing of a body of water.
floodway—Floodways are areas within a floodplain that are reserved for the purpose of conveying flood discharge
without increasing the base flood elevation more than 1 foot.

Generally speaking, no development is allowed in floodways, as any structures located there would block the flow of floodwaters.

FMA—Flood Mitigation Assistance grant program
freeboard—The margin of safety added to the base flood
elevation.
frequency—How often a hazard of specific magnitude,
duration, and/or extent is expected to occur on average.

Statistically, a hazard with a 100-year frequency is expected to occur about once every 100 years on average and has a 1 percent chance of occurring any given year. Frequency
reliability varies depending on the type of hazard considered.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Definitions and Acronyms xv
geographic information system (GIS)—A computer
software application that relates data regarding physical and other features on the earth to a database for mapping and analysis.
g—Gravity (%g, percent acceleration force of gravity)
GIS—Geographic Information System
goal—A general guideline that explains what is to be
achieved. Goals are usually broad-based, long-term, policy- type statements and represent global visions. Goals help define the benefits that a plan is trying to achieve. The success of a hazard mitigation plan is measured by the
degree to which its goals have been met (that is, by the actual benefits in terms of actual hazard mitigation).
greenhouse gases—Methane, nitrous oxide and other
gases that trap heat and warm the Earth, as a greenhouse traps heat from the sun.
ground shaking—The result of rapid ground acceleration
caused by seismic waves passing beneath buildings, roads, and other structures.

Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP): Authorized
under Section 202 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, the HMGP is administered
by FEMA and provides grants to states, tribes, and local governments to implement hazard mitigation actions after a major disaster declaration. The purpose of the program is to reduce the loss of life and property due to disasters and to enable mitigation activities to be implemented as a
community recovers from a disaster
hazard—A source of potential danger or adverse condition that could harm people and/or cause property damage.
hazardous material—A substance or combination of
substances (biological, chemical, radiological, and/or
physical) that, because of its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical or infectious characteristics, has the potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the
environment, either by itself or through interaction with other factors.

Hazards U.S. Loss Estimation Program (Hazus)—A GIS-
based program used to support the development of risk
assessments as required under the DMA. The Hazus
software program assesses risk in a quantitative manner to estimate damage and losses associated with natural
hazards.

Hazus—Hazards, United States
high-hazard dam—Dams that can cause loss of human life
from the failure or improper operation of the dam.

HMGP—Hazard Mitigation Grant program
hydrology—Hydrology is the analysis of waters of the earth.

For example, a flood discharge estimate is developed by conducting a hydrologic study.
hypocenter—The region underground where an
earthquake’s energy originates
IBC—International Building Code
influenza—A viral infection that attacks the respiratory system; commonly called flu.
intensity—The measure of the effects of a hazard.
interface area—An area susceptible to wildfires and where wildland vegetation and urban or suburban development
occur together. An example would be smaller urban areas and dispersed rural housing in forested areas.
inventory—The assets identified in a study region.

Inventories include assets that could be lost when a disaster occurs, and community resources are at risk. Assets include people, buildings, transportation, and other valued
community resources.
landslide—The movement of masses of loosened rock and
soil down a hillside or slope. Slope failures occur when the strength of the soils forming the slope is exceeded by the pressure, such as weight or saturation, acting upon them. lightning—Lightning is an electrical discharge resulting from the buildup of positive and negative charges within a
thunderstorm. When the buildup becomes strong enough,
lightning appears as a “bolt,” usually within or between clouds and the ground. A bolt of lightning instantaneously reaches temperatures approaching 50,000ºF. The rapid
heating and cooling of air near lightning causes thunder.

Lightning is a major threat during thunderstorms. In the United States, 75 to 100 Americans are struck and killed by lightning each year (see
http://www.fema.gov/hazard/thunderstorms/thunder.shtm). liquefaction—Loosely packed, water-logged sediments
losing their strength in response to strong shaking, causing major damage during earthquakes.
local government—Any county, municipality, city, town,
township, public authority, school district, special district, intrastate district, council of governments (regardless of whether the council of governments is incorporated as a nonprofit corporation under State law), regional or interstate government entity, or agency or instrumentality of a local government; any Indian tribe or authorized tribal
organization, or Alaska Native village or organization; and any rural community, unincorporated town or village, or other public entity.
magnitude—The measure of the strength of an earthquake. mass movement: A collective term for landslides, debris flows, and lahars.
mitigation actions—Specific actions to achieve goals and objectives that minimize the effects from a disaster and reduce the loss of life and property.
mitigation—A preventive action taken in advance of an
event to reduce or eliminate risk to life or property.

Mw—Moment Magnitude Scale
NASA—National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCEI—National Centers for Environmental Information
NEHRP—National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program
NFIP—National Flood Insurance Program

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Definitions and Acronyms xvi
NIMS—National Incident Management System
NOAA—National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NWS—National Weather Service
objective—For the purposes of this plan, an objective is defined as a short-term aim that, when combined with other objectives, forms a strategy or course of action to meet a goal. Unlike goals, objectives are specific and measurable. pandemic—An epidemic of infectious disease that has
spread through human populations across a large region, multiple continents, or worldwide.
peak ground acceleration (PGA)—A measure of the
highest amplitude of ground shaking that accompanies an earthquake, based on a percentage of the force of gravity.

PGA—Peak Ground Acceleration
ppm—Part per million
preparedness—Actions that strengthen the capability of
government, people, and communities to respond to
disasters.
presidential disaster declaration (same as federal
disaster declaration)—These declarations are typically
made for events that cause more damage than state and
local governments and resources can handle without federal government assistance. Generally, no specific dollar loss threshold has been established for such declarations. A presidential disaster declaration puts into motion long-term federal recovery programs, some of which are matched by state programs, designed to help disaster victims,
businesses, and public entities.
probability of occurrence—A statistical measure or
estimate of the likelihood that a hazard will occur. This probability is generally based on past hazard events in the area and a forecast of events that could occur in the future.

A probability factor based on yearly values of occurrence is used to estimate probability of occurrence.
recurrence interval —The recurrence interval (sometimes called the return period) is based on the probability that the given event will be equaled or exceeded in any given year. residual risk—The risk that remains after controls are
accounted for.
return period—The average number of years between
occurrences of a hazard (equal to the inverse of the annual likelihood of occurrence).
riparian area—The area along the banks of a natural
watercourse.
risk assessment—The process of measuring potential loss of life, personal injury, economic injury, and property damage resulting from hazards. This process assesses the vulnerability of people, buildings, and infrastructure to hazards
risk ranking—Process to score and rank hazards based on the probability that they will occur and the impact they will have if they do.
risk—The estimated impact that a hazard would have on
people, services, facilities, and structures in a community.

Risk measures the likelihood of a hazard occurring and
resulting in an adverse condition that causes injury or damage. Risk is often expressed in relative terms such as a high, moderate, or low likelihood of sustaining damage
above a particular threshold due to occurrence of a specific type of hazard. Risk also can be expressed in terms of
potential monetary losses associated with the intensity of the hazard.
riverine—Of or produced by a river. Riverine floodplains have readily identifiable channels.

Robert T. Stafford Act—The statutory authority for most federal disaster response activities, especially as they pertain to FEMA and its programs (Robert T. Stafford
Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, Public Law 100-107). Signed into law November 23, 1988; amended by the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-288).

SEMS—Standardized Emergency Management System
SFHA—Special Flood Hazard Area
significant-hazard dam—Dams that can cause economic
loss, environmental damage, or disruption of lifeline facilities, or can impact other concerns, but not necessarily loss of life. special flood hazard area—The base floodplain delineated on a Flood Insurance Rate Map. The SFHA is mapped as a
Zone A in riverine situations and zone V in coastal situations.

The SFHA may or may not encompass all of a community’s
flood problems
stakeholder—Business leaders, civic groups, academia,
non-profit organizations, major employers, managers of
critical facilities, farmers, developers, special purpose districts, and others whose actions could impact hazard mitigation.
steep slope—Different communities and agencies define it differently, depending on what it is being applied to, but generally a steep slope is a slope in which the percent slope equals or exceeds 25%. For this study, steep slope is
defined as slopes greater than 33%.
surface fault rupture—An offset of the ground surface
when fault rupture extends to the Earth’s surface.
technological hazards—Hazards from accidents
associated with human activities such as the manufacture, transportation, storage and use of hazardous materials. terrorism—The unlawful use or threatened use of force or violence against people or property with the intention of intimidating or coercing societies or governments. Terrorism is either foreign or domestic, depending on the origin, base, and objectives of the terrorist or organization.
transportation incident—A major incident related to a
means of transportation such air, rail or highway travel resulting in death, serious injury, or extensive property loss or damage.

USDA—U.S. Department of Agriculture
USDM—U.S. Drought Monitor

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Definitions and Acronyms xvii
USGS—U.S. Geological Survey
vector—An organism (such as an insect or rodent) that
transmits pathogens that cause disease
vector-borne illness—Diseases transmitted to people from insects and other animals. These include, but are not limited to, Hanta Virus, Plague, Tularemia, Lyme Disease, West
Nile Virus and the Zika Virus.
vulnerability—Assessment of how exposed or susceptible
an asset is to damage. Vulnerability depends on an asset’s construction, contents, and the economic value of its
functions.
watershed—An area that drains downgradient from areas of higher land to areas of lower land to the lowest point. weapons of mass destruction—Chemical, biological,
radiological, nuclear, and explosive weapons associated with terrorism.
wildfire—Fires that result in uncontrolled destruction of forests, brush, field crops, grasslands, and real and personal property in non-urban areas. Because of their distance from firefighting resources, they can be difficult to contain and can cause a great deal of destruction.

WMD—Weapon of mass destruction
zoning ordinance—Ordinance that designates allowable
land use and intensities for a local jurisdiction.

xviii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Hazard mitigation is the use of long-term and short-term policies, programs, projects, and other activities to alleviate the death, injury, and property damage that can result from a disaster. The City of Concord has developed a hazard mitigation plan to reduce risks from disasters to the people, property, economy and environment within the city. The plan complies with federal and state hazard mitigation planning requirements to establish eligibility for funding under Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) grant programs.

UPDATING THE CITY OF CONCORD PLAN
The City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan is the first single-jurisdiction hazard mitigation plan for the City, meeting federal requirements for regular review and update of hazard mitigation plans. Previously, the City of Concord participated in multi-jurisdictional hazard mitigation plans as a municipal planning partner. The City was included in the 2018 and 2011 Contra Costa County Hazard Mitigation Plans and was initially part of a 2005 regional planning effort sponsored by the Association of Bay Area Governments. The 2023 update includes a number of significant changes and enhancements for the City of Concord:
• An enhanced risk assessment
• Updated mission, goals and objectives
• Updated and enhanced public outreach
• An enhanced definition of critical facilities.

The development of this plan was funded by the City of Concord and co-managed by the Office of Emergency Services within the City of Concord Police Department and the City’s Community Development Department.

PLAN DEVELOPMENT APPROACH
A core planning team was assembled to facilitate the update of this plan, consisting of City staff and a contract consultant. An 18-member steering committee was assembled to oversee the plan update, consisting of both governmental and non-governmental stakeholders within the planning area, which was defined as the incorporated area of the City of Concord. Coordination with other local, state, and federal agencies involved in hazard mitigation occurred throughout the plan update process. The planning team and Steering Committee reviewed the Contra Costa County hazard mitigation plan, the California statewide hazard mitigation plan, and existing programs that may support hazard mitigation actions.

The planning team implemented a multi-media public involvement strategy that was approved by the Steering Committee. The strategy included participation at popular community events to make the public aware of the hazard mitigation plan update. Public outreach efforts included a hazard mitigation survey, a project website, the use of social

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Executive Summary xix
media (Facebook, Twitter and Nextdoor), announcements in the City of Concord e-newsletter, CERT outreach, and multiple press releases.

Based on the review of existing plans and programs, the input received through the public involvement strategy, the direction of the Steering Committee, and the findings of a new, detailed risk assessment performed for this update, the planning team assembled a document that meets federal hazard mitigation planning requirements. Once pre- adoption approval of the document has been granted by the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services and FEMA Region 9, the final adoption phase will begin. The City of Concord City Council will adopt the updated plan.

RISK ASSESSMENT
Risk assessment is the process of measuring the potential loss of life resulting from hazards, as well as personal injury, economic injury and property damage, in order to determine the vulnerability of people, buildings, and infrastructure to hazard events. For this update, risk assessment models for natural hazards were enhanced with new data and technologies that have become available since 2018. The Steering Committee used the risk assessment to rank risk from natural hazards and to gauge the potential impacts of each natural hazard of concern in the planning area.

Human-caused hazards were also included in the risk assessment; however, risk was not ranked for these hazards.

Each hazard of concern assessed includes discussion of the following:
• Hazard identification and profile
• Assessment of the impact of hazards on physical, social, and economic assets • Identification of particular areas of vulnerability
• Estimates of the cost of potential damage, where applicable.

RISK RANKING
Based on the risk assessment, natural hazards were ranked for the risk they pose to the overall planning area, as shown in Figure ES-1.

Figure ES-1. Hazard Risk Rating
Earthquake
48 Severe Weather
30 Flood
18 Landslide
18 Dam/Levee Failure
6 Drought
9 Wildfire
6 0
2 4
6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Values shown are risk ratings. Larger circles indicate higher rating.

High Risk
Medium
Risk
Low Risk

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Executive Summary xx

MISSION STATEMENT, GOALS, AND OBJECTIVES
The Steering Committee collaborated to review and completely revise the 2018 Contra Costa County hazard mitigation plan mission statement, goals, and objectives for this update for the City of Concord. The Steering Committee developed the following new mission statement for this update:

To join with our community to maintain and enhance a disaster-resistant City by reducing the potential for loss of life, property, and environmental damage from natural and human-caused disasters, while supporting economic recovery from those disasters.

Of five goals in the 2018 Contra Costa County hazard mitigation plan, three are revised and two are replaced for the City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan:

1. Minimize life, loss, and injuries.

2. Minimize damage to structures, property, equipment, the environment, and natural and cultural resources from hazards and climate change.

3. Improve emergency management effectiveness.

4. Ensure continuity of government operations.

5. Embed equity in emergency management plans.

The 2018 Contra Costa County objectives were carried into the City of Concord plan with slight modifications. Each selected objective meets multiple goals, serving as a stand-alone measurement of the effectiveness of a mitigation action, rather than as a subset of a goal. The objectives also are used to help establish priorities. The objectives are as follows:

1. Increase resilience of infrastructure and critical facilities.

2. Sustain reliable local emergency operations and facilities during and after a disaster.

3. Inform the public, in particular socially vulnerable communities, about the risk from hazards of concern, and increase awareness, preparation, mitigation, response, and recovery activities to promote public safety.

4. Minimize the impacts of known hazards on current land uses by providing incentives for hazard mitigation.

5. Prevent or discourage new development in hazardous areas or ensure that, if building occurs in high-risk areas, it is done in a way to minimize risk.

6. At the local government level, continually improve understanding of the location and potential impacts of hazards, using the best available data and science.

7. Encourage all development to meet applicable standards for life safety.

8. Monitor plan progress annually to integrate the local hazard mitigation plan with the results of disaster- and hazard-specific planning efforts.

9. Promote development and use of floodplain management best practices through programs such as FEMA’s Community Rating System.

10. Provide or improve flood protection with flood control structures and drainage maintenance plans.

11. Enhance building codes and their enforcement where feasible, so that new construction can withstand the impacts of known hazards and to lessen the impact of development on the environment’s ability to absorb the impact of natural hazards.

12. Consider the impacts of known hazards in planning mechanisms that address current and future land uses within the planning area.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Executive Summary xxi

13. Eliminate or minimize disruption of local government operations caused by known hazards.

14. Consider open space land uses within identified high-hazard risk zones.

15. Retrofit, acquire, or relocate identified high-risk structures, including those known to experience repetitive losses.

16. Establish a partnership among appropriate levels of government and the business community to improve and implement methods to protect property.

17. Encourage hazard mitigation measures that promote and enhance natural processes and minimize adverse impacts on the ecosystem.

18. Promote and implement hazard mitigation plans and projects that are consistent with state, regional, and local climate action and adaptation goals, policies, and programs.

MITIGATION ACTION PLAN
Mitigation actions presented in this update are designed to reduce or eliminate losses resulting from hazard events.

The updated process resulted in the identification of 23 mitigation actions to be led by 6 City departments. Each action was given a priority rating for implementation and a separate priority rating for seeking grant funding. Table ES-1 summarizes the number of actions with each combination of implementation and grant funding priorities. Many of these actions are within the current capabilities of the City of Concord, resulting in high implementation priority over the next five years with no need for grant funding; however, if grant funding is available, City funds could be reallocated to other projects. Table ES-2 lists the mitigation actions with high implementation priority and no need for grant funding.

Table ES-1. Number of Recommended Mitigation Actions by Priority High Grant Funding Priority Medium Grant Funding
Priority Grant Funding Not Needed
High Implementation Priority 10 actions 5 actions 8 actions Medium Implementation
Priority 1 action none none

IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE
Plan implementation will occur over the next five years as City departments begin to implement the actions identified in this plan. Full implementation of the recommendations of this plan will require time and resources. The measure of the plan’s success will be its ability to adapt to changing conditions. The City of Concord assumes responsibility for adopting the recommendations of this plan and committing resources toward implementation. The framework established by this plan prioritizes actions whose benefits exceed their cost. The planning team and Steering Committee developed this plan with extensive public input, and public support of the actions identified in this plan will help ensure the plan’s success.

The Steering Committee developed a plan maintenance strategy that includes annual progress reporting, a strategy for continued public involvement, a commitment to plan integration with other relevant plans and programs, and continued oversight from a plan maintenance steering committee.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Executive Summary xxii
Table ES-2. High Implementation Priority Mitigation Actions with No Need for Grant Funding Action
# Action Description Lead Agency
2 Integrate the hazard mitigation plan into other plans, ordinances and programs that dictate land use decisions in the community, including the Development Code, the General Plan, and other programs.

Planning and
Housing Division
3 Actively participate in the plan maintenance protocols outlined in this hazard mitigation plan.

Office of Emergency
Services and
Community
Development
4 Continue to maintain good standing and compliance under the NFIP [National Flood Insurance Program] through the implementation of floodplain management programs that, at a minimum, meet the NFIP requirements:
• Enforce the flood damage prevention ordinance.
• Participate in floodplain identification and mapping updates. • Provide public assistance/information on floodplain requirements and impacts.

Community
Development
5 Galindo and Mt. Diablo Creek Drainage Improvements – Detention Basin at Ygnacio Valley Road and Pine Hollow Road.

Engineering
7 Develop a continuity of operations plan Office of Emergency Services
10 Identify an alternate Emergency Operations Center in Concord Office of Emergency Services
11 Adopt the 2022 California Existing Building Code for the design of voluntary or mandatory soft-story building retrofits
Planning and
Housing Division
13 Commission new or use existing local data to identify language access disparities that may impact emergency communication with limited English proficiency community members.

Use the data to improve communication plans, identify gaps in preparedness, and develop a comprehensive strategy for incorporating language access considerations into all steps of the City’s emergency management plans.

Office of Emergency
Services
14 Market Street Utility Undergrounding to reduce risk to utility lines from severe weather events (Capital Improvement Project #2628)
Engineering
15 Stormwater Green Infrastructure Pilot Project to install bio-retention facilities to mitigate drought impacts (Capital Improvement Project #2442)
Engineering
16 Emergency Operations Center updates to current emergency activation requirements (Capital Improvement Project #2473)
Information
Technology
17 Commercial Circle Storm Drain: Install new storm drain infrastructure to mitigate localized flooding from Mount Diablo Creek. (Capital Improvement Project #2494) Engineering
18 Stormwater green infrastructure: Install bioretention and capture devices to capture and reuse storm water at the following locations:
• Hillcrest Park – Regional (Capital Improvement Project #2512) • Iron Horse Park (Capital Improvement Project #2515)
• BART Cooperative (between Oak Grove Road and the BART Maintenance Yard) (Capital Improvement Project #2629)
• Concord Logo/Caltrans (intersection of Market Street and Clayton Road) (Capital Improvement Project #2631)
• CSU Campus (Capital Improvement Project #2636)
Engineering
19 Police Department generator and transfer switch replacement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (Capital Improvement Project #2653)
Public Works
20 Blenheim Way: increase capacity of storm drain (Capital Improvement Project #2664) Engineering

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Executive Summary xxiii
Action
# Action Description Lead Agency
21 Citywide battery backup installation (Capital Improvement Project #2665) Community Development
22 La Vista Avenue/Joan Avenue storm drain design and construction to address localized flooding (Capital Improvement Project #ENG-23-036)
Engineering
23 Substantial Damage Response/Management Plan Public Works

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan
PART 1—PLANNING PROCESS AND

COMMUNITY PROFILE

1-1

1. INTRODUCTION TO HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING

1.1 WHY PREPARE THIS PLAN?

1.1.1 The Big Picture
Hazard mitigation is defined as any action taken to reduce or alleviate the loss of life, personal injury, and property damage that can result from a disaster. It involves long- and short-term actions implemented before, during and after disasters. Hazard mitigation activities include planning efforts, policy changes, programs, studies, improvement projects, and other steps to reduce the impacts of hazards.

The federal Disaster Mitigation Act (DMA) of 2000 emphasizes planning for disasters before they occur. The DMA requires state and local governments to develop hazard mitigation plans as a condition for federal disaster grant assistance. Regulations developed to fulfill the DMA’s requirements are included in Title 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations (44 CFR).

The responsibility for hazard mitigation lies with many, including private property owners, commercial interests, and local, state and federal governments. The DMA encourages cooperation among state and local authorities in pre- disaster planning. The planning network called for by the DMA helps local governments to articulate accurate needs for mitigation, resulting in faster allocation of funding and more cost-effective risk-reduction projects.

The DMA also promotes sustainability in hazard mitigation. To be sustainable, hazard mitigation needs to incorporate sound management of natural resources and address hazards and mitigation in the largest possible social and economic context.

1.1.2 Purposes for Planning
The City of Concord prepared this DMA-compliant hazard mitigation plan to identify resources, information, and strategies for reducing risk from natural hazards. Elements and strategies in the plan were selected because they meet a program requirement and the intent of the City and its residents to mitigate hazards. The plan will help guide mitigation activities throughout the planning area. It was developed to meet the following needs:
• Meet or exceed program requirements specified under the DMA • Enable the City of Concord to apply for federal grant funding to reduce hazard risk through mitigation • Fulfill state and federal requirements for hazard mitigation planning • Create a risk assessment that focuses on the hazards of concern in Concord • Coordinate existing plans and programs so that high-priority projects to mitigate potential disaster impacts are funded and implemented

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Introduction to Hazard Mitigation Planning 1-2
• Meet the planning requirements of the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA’s) Community Rating System (CRS), allowing the City of Concord to maintain its CRS classification.

1.2 WHO WILL BENEFIT FROM THIS PLAN?
All residents and businesses of the City of Concord are the ultimate beneficiaries of this hazard mitigation plan. The plan reduces risk for those who live in, work in, and visit the City of Concord. It provides a viable planning framework for all foreseeable natural hazards. Participation in development of the plan by key stakeholders helped ensure that outcomes will be mutually beneficial. The plan’s goals and recommendations can lay groundwork for the development and implementation of local mitigation activities and partnerships.

1.3 CONTENTS OF THIS PLAN
This hazard mitigation plan is organized into three primary parts:
• Part 1—Planning Process and Community Profile
• Part 2—Risk Assessment
• Part 3—Mitigation Strategy.

Each part includes elements required under federal guidelines. DMA compliance requirements are cited at the beginning of subsections as appropriate to illustrate compliance. Appendices provided at the end of the plan include information or explanations to support the main content of the plan.

2-1

2. PLAN UPDATE—WHAT HAS CHANGED

2.1 THE PREVIOUS PLAN
This is the first single-jurisdiction hazard mitigation plan for the City of Concord. Previously, the City participated in multi-jurisdictional hazard mitigation plans as a planning partner. The City was included in the 2018 and 2011 Contra Costa County Hazard Mitigation Plans and was part a 2005 regional planning effort sponsored by the Association of Bay Area Governments.

The City of Concord has been covered by Contra Costa County’s 2018 multi-jurisdiction hazard mitigation plan since its adoption. Concord was one of 34 municipalities and special purpose district that participated as planning partners in the Contra Costa County plan. Based on its evaluations for that plan, the City of Concord identified risks associated with local hazards of concern as follows:
• High-risk hazards—earthquake
• Medium-risk hazards—severe weather, flood, landslide
• Low-risk hazards—dam and levee failure, drought, wildfire To address the risks associated with these hazards, the City developed recommendations for 18 mitigation actions, of which 10 were identified as high priority for implementation, seven were identified as medium priority, and one was identified as low priority. The Contra Costa County plan also included seven mitigation actions adopted by all participating planning partners.

2.2 WHY UPDATE?

2.2.1 Federal Eligibility
Title 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations (44 CFR) stipulates that hazard mitigation plans must present a schedule for being monitored, evaluated, and updated. This provides an opportunity to reevaluate recommendations, monitor the impacts of actions that have been accomplished, and determine if there is a need to change the focus of mitigation strategies. A jurisdiction covered by a plan that has expired is not able to pursue federal funding for which a current hazard mitigation plan is a prerequisite.

2.2.2 Changes in Development
Hazard mitigation plan updates must reflect development changes in the planning area since approval of the previous plan (44 CFR Section 201.6(d)(3)). The update must describe development changes in hazard-prone areas that increased or decreased vulnerability. If no development changes impacted the jurisdiction’s overall vulnerability, plan

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Update—What Has Changed 2-2
updates may validate the information in the previously approved plan. This requirement ensures that the mitigation strategy continues to address the risk and vulnerability of existing and potential development and takes into consideration possible future conditions that could impact vulnerability.

Although the City of Concord’s population has declined slightly since adoption of the 2018 County hazard mitigation plan (California Department of Finance 2021, California Department of Finance 2022), the City has seen ongoing new development. Over 200 new development permits were issued in 2017 through 2021, most of them for new single- family residential homes. This hazard mitigation plan update assumes that some new development occurred in hazard areas. All such new development would have been regulated pursuant to local programs and codes. The City has adopted a general plan that governs land-use decisions and policy-making, as well as a building code and specialty ordinances based on state and federal mandates. Therefore, it is assumed that hazard vulnerability did not measurably increase even if exposure did. Any new development would have accounted for potential hazard impacts under codes and standards such as the International Building Code and flood damage prevention requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).

2.3 THE UPDATED PLAN—WHAT IS DIFFERENT?
The 2023 City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan includes a number of significant changes and enhancements from the previous hazard mitigation plan in which the City of Concord participated:
• An enhanced risk assessment
• Updated mission, goals and objectives
• Updated and enhanced public outreach
• An enhanced definition of critical facilities.

Table 2-1 indicates the major changes between this hazard mitigation plan for the City of Concord and the 2018 Contra Costa County multi-jurisdiction hazard mitigation plan.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Update—What Has Changed 2-3
Table 2-1. Plan Changes Crosswalk
44 CFR Requirement
Previous Plan (Contra Costa County,
2018) Updated Plan
§201.6(b): In order to develop a more
comprehensive approach to reducing
the effects of natural disasters, the
planning process shall include:
(1) An opportunity for the
public to comment on the plan
during the drafting stage and prior
to plan approval;
(2) An opportunity for
neighboring communities, local
and regional agencies involved in
hazard mitigation activities, and
agencies that have the authority
to regulate development, as well
as businesses, academia and other
private and non-profit interests to
be involved in the planning
process; and
(3) Review and incorporation, if
appropriate, of existing plans,
studies, reports, and technical
information.
[Concord participated in the
Countywide multijurisdictional plan.]
Building upon the success of the
Countywide multijurisdictional 2011
plan, the 2018 planning effort
deployed the same public
engagement methodology.

Enhancements included:

Utilization of social media
Web deployed survey
Enhanced press coverage
As with the 2011 plan, the 2018
planning process identified key
stakeholders and coordinated with
them throughout the process. A
comprehensive review of relevant
plans and programs was performed
by the planning team
The plan development process was similar to
the 2018 Contra Costa County
multijurisdictional plan which Concord
participated in. Chapters 1, 2, and 3 outline
the planning process for this stand-alone
plan.

This update was facilitated through a
committee-based approach. Two committees
played significant roles in the process:

Core Planning Team—Consisting of
department leads from the City and
technical consultant. Made all milestone
decisions on plan process and content.

Milestone decisions were vetted, validated,
and overseen by the Steering Committee
made up of city staff and outside
stakeholders. Meetings were open to the
public.

Both committees reviewed existing plans and
programs that could support or enhance the
outcomes from this plan and identified and
participated in a robust public engagement
strategy.

Public outreach and engagement included a
survey, website information, and outreach to
various community groups throughout the
planning process, allowing for input and
comments from the public.

Plans were reviewed during the development
of this plan. City plans – Emergency
Operations and Capital Improvement – were
used in the consideration of risks to the City
and possible action items that would be useful
for mitigation efforts.
§201.6(c)(2): The plan shall include a
risk assessment that provides the
factual basis for activities proposed
in the strategy to reduce losses from
identified hazards. Local risk
assessments must provide sufficient
information to enable the jurisdiction
to identify and prioritize appropriate
mitigation actions to reduce losses
from identified hazards.

Using the same methodology as the
previous county plan, the risk
assessment was expanded to include
a profile of the tsunami hazard. The
risk assessment included a detailed
profile of potential impacts of
climate change on the assessed
hazards of concern. A qualitative
profile of non-natural hazards was
included. These hazards were
profiled only and not fully assessed
or ranked as with the natural
hazards.

Part 2 (Chapters 7 – 17) presents a risk
assessment of the hazards of concern:
earthquake, severe weather, flood, landslide,
dam and levee failure, drought, and wildfire;
human-caused hazards; and public health
hazards. These hazards are profiled as they
impact the Concord planning area. Including a
qualitative assessment of human caused
hazards and health hazards provides a more
complete picture of the hazards facing the
planning area.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Update—What Has Changed 2-4
44 CFR Requirement
Previous Plan (Contra Costa County,
2018) Updated Plan
§201.6(c)(2)(i): [The risk assessment
shall include a] description of the …
location and extent of all natural
hazards that can affect the
jurisdiction. The plan shall include
information on previous occurrences
of hazard events and on the
probability of future hazard events.

The plan presented a risk
assessment of each hazard of
concern. Each chapter included the
following components:

Hazard profile, including maps of
extent and location, historical
occurrences, frequency, severity
and warning time.

Secondary hazards
Exposure of people, property, critical
facilities and environment
Vulnerability of people, property,
critical facilities and environment.

Future trends in development
Scenarios
Issues
Climate change was addressed as a
stand-alone chapter.

Part 2 presents a risk assessment of each
hazard of concern. Each chapter includes the
following components:

Hazard profile, including maps of extent and
location, historical occurrences, frequency,
severity, and warning time
Secondary hazards
Exposure of people, property, critical facilities
and environment
Vulnerability of people, property, critical
facilities and environment
Future trends in development
Scenarios
Issues
The hazards are compared to one another via
a risk ranking methodology described in
Chapter 17.
§201.6(c)(2)(ii): [The risk assessment
shall include a] description of the
jurisdiction’s vulnerability to the
hazards described in paragraph
(c)(2)(i). This description shall include
an overall summary of each hazard
and its impact on the community
Hazus version 3.2 was utilized for all
risk analyses. Vulnerability for the
tsunami hazard was not modeled
using Hazus because version 4.0 had
not yet been released at the time of
the risk assessment.

Vulnerability was assessed for all hazards of
concern. The Hazus computer model (version

4.2) was used for dam failure, earthquake and
flood hazards. Critical facilities and assets
were defined and inventoried using the Hazus
Comprehensive Data Management System
and other available datasets. Outputs were
generated for other hazards by applying an
estimated damage function to affected assets
when available. The asset inventory was
extracted from the Hazus model. Best
available data was used for all analyses.
§201.6(c)(2)(ii): [The risk assessment]
must also address National Flood
Insurance Program insured structures
that have been repetitively damaged
by floods
The plan included a CRS level of
detail repetitive loss area analysis
based on 2016 repetitive loss data
and the 2013 CRS Coordinators
Manual.

The description of the National Flood
Insurance Program and repetitive loss
discussion was enhanced to meet DMA and
CRS planning requirements. The update
includes a comprehensive analysis of
repetitive loss properties. For these
properties, the type of structure was
determined and causes of flooding were
cited, and the information was reflected on
maps. National Flood Insurance Program
capability is also assessed, as detailed in
Section 6.3.7.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Update—What Has Changed 2-5
44 CFR Requirement
Previous Plan (Contra Costa County,
2018) Updated Plan
§201.6(c)(2)(ii)(A): The plan should
describe vulnerability in terms of the
types and numbers of existing and
future buildings, infrastructure, and
critical facilities located in the
identified hazard area.

A complete inventory of the
numbers and types of buildings
exposed was generated for each
hazard of concern. The Steering
Committee defined “critical
facilities” for the planning area, and
these were inventoried by exposure.

Each hazard chapter provides a
discussion on future development
trends.

A complete inventory of the numbers and
types of buildings exposed was generated for
each hazard of concern. The steering
committee defined “critical facilities” as they
pertained to the planning area, and these
facilities were inventoried by exposure. Each
hazard chapter provides a discussion of
future development trends as they pertain to
the hazard.
§201.6(c)(2)(ii)(B): [The plan should
describe vulnerability in terms of an]
estimate of the potential dollar losses
to vulnerable structures identified in
paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) and a
description of the methodology used
to prepare the estimate.

Loss estimates were generated for
all hazards of concern. These were
generated by Hazus for the
earthquake and flood hazards. For
the other hazards, loss estimates
were generated by applying a
regionally relevant damage function
to the exposed inventory. In all
cases, a damage function was
applied to an asset inventory. The
asset inventory was the same for all
hazards and was generated in Hazus.

Loss estimations were generated for all
hazards of concern. These were generated by
Hazus for the earthquake and flood hazards.

For the other hazards, loss estimates were
generated by applying a regionally relevant
damage function to the exposed inventory. In
all cases, a damage function was applied to
an asset inventory. The asset inventory was
the same for all hazards and was generated in
the Hazus model.
§201.6(c)(2)(ii)(C): [The plan should
describe vulnerability in terms of]
providing a general description of
land uses and development trends
within the community so that
mitigation options can be considered
in future land use decisions.

A look at the change in risk due to
new development over the
performance period of the plan was
performed for each hazard of
concern.

There is a discussion on future development
trends as they pertain to each hazard of
concern. This discussion looks predominantly
at the existing land use and the current
regulatory environment that dictates this land
use.
§201.6(c)(3): The plan shall include a
mitigation strategy that provides the
jurisdiction’s blueprint for reducing
the potential losses identified in the
risk assessment, based on existing
authorities, policies, programs and
resources, and its ability to expand
on and improve these existing tools.

The Steering Committee reviewed
and reconfirmed the guiding
principle, goals and objectives for
the plan. Each planning partner used
the progress reporting from the plan
maintenance and evaluated the
status of actions identified in the
2011 plan. Actions that were
completed or no longer considered
to be feasible were removed. The
rest of the actions were carried over
to the 2018 plan and in some cases,
new actions were added to the
action plan.

An initiative action plan was developed for
the City of Concord (Chapter 20) via a
facilitated process that includes:

Risk ranking
Capability assessment
Initiative alternative review
Initiative selection
Initiative prioritization
Initiative category analysis

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Update—What Has Changed 2-6
44 CFR Requirement
Previous Plan (Contra Costa County,
2018) Updated Plan
§201.6(c)(3)(i): [The hazard
mitigation strategy shall include a]
description of mitigation goals to
reduce or avoid long-term
vulnerabilities to the identified
hazards.

The Steering Committee reviewed
and reconfirmed the guiding
principle, goals and objectives for
the plan with minor wording
changes.

Chapter 18 identifies a mission statement, 5
goals and 18 objectives. Objectives were
selected that meet multiple goals, and
mitigation actions were selected and
prioritized based on meeting multiple
objectives. All of these planning components
were new for this plan update and have been
reviewed and confirmed by the Steering
Committee
§201.6(c)(3)(ii): [The mitigation
strategy shall include a] section that
identifies and analyzes a
comprehensive range of specific
mitigation actions and projects being
considered to reduce the effects of
each hazard, with particular
emphasis on new and existing
buildings and infrastructure.

The mitigation catalog was reviewed
and updated by the Steering
Committee. Additional mitigation
actions were added for the tsunami
hazard, which was a new hazard
assessed for this plan update. The
catalog is included in the plan to
represent the comprehensive range
of alternatives considered by each
planning partner. The analysis of
mitigation actions was used in
jurisdictional annexes to the plan.

A hazard mitigation catalog was developed
through a facilitated process. This catalog
identifies actions that manipulate the hazard,
reduce exposure to the hazard, reduce
vulnerability, and increase mitigation
capability. The catalog further segregates
actions by scale of implementation. A table in
the action plan chapter analyzes each action
by mitigation type to illustrate the range of
actions selected.
§201.6(c)(3)(ii): [The mitigation
strategy] must also address the
jurisdiction’s participation in the
National Flood Insurance Program,
and continued compliance with the
program’s requirements, as
appropriate.

All municipal planning partners that
participate in the National Flood
Insurance Program identified an
action stating their commitment to
maintain compliance and good
standing under the program.

Communities that participate in the
Community Rating System identified
actions to maintain or enhance their
standing under the CRS.

The capability assessment in Section 5.3.7
includes an assessment of capabilities related
to NFIP requirements. The action plan in
Chapter 20 includes actions supporting
continued compliance and good standing
under the program.
§201.6(c)(3)(iii): [The mitigation
strategy shall describe] how the
actions identified in Section (c)(3)(ii)
will be prioritized, implemented, and
administered by the local jurisdiction.

Prioritization shall include a special
emphasis on the extent to which
benefits are maximized according to
a cost benefit review of the proposed
projects and their associated costs.

Each recommended action was
prioritized using a qualitative
methodology based on the
objectives the project will meet, the
timeline for completion, how the
project will be funded, the impact of
the project, the benefits of the
project and the costs of the project.

Each of the recommended actions is
prioritized using a qualitative methodology
that looked at the objectives the project will
meet, the timeline for completion, how the
project will be funded, the impact of the
project, the benefits of the project and the
costs of the project. This prioritization
scheme is detailed in Section 20.2.
§201.6(c)(4)(i): [The plan
maintenance process shall include a]
section describing the method and
schedule of monitoring, evaluating,
and updating the mitigation plan
within a five-year cycle.

The plan details a plan maintenance
strategy that involved a protocol for
annual progress reporting by all
planning partners. The strategy
identifies triggers for plan updates,
integration with other plans and
programs and a protocol for
continuing public involvement.

Chapter 21 includes a detailed plan
maintenance strategy centered on an annual
progress report via an automated platform
that will be maintained by the City over the 5-
year performance period of the plan.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Update—What Has Changed 2-7
44 CFR Requirement
Previous Plan (Contra Costa County,
2018) Updated Plan
§201.6(c)(4)(ii): [The plan shall
include a] process by which local
governments incorporate the
requirements of the mitigation plan
into other planning mechanisms such
as comprehensive or capital
improvement plans, when
appropriate.

The plan details recommendations
for incorporating the plan into other
planning mechanisms such as:

Comprehensive Plan
Emergency Operations Plan
Capital Improvement Programs
Municipal Code
Continuity of Operations Plan

A detailed plan maintenance strategy, found
in chapter 21, includes the following:

Annual review and progress reporting
Defined role for a steering committee
Plan update triggers
Plan incorporation guidelines
Strategy for continuing public involvement
Grant coordinating protocol
The plan will continue to review and
incorporate relevant elements from the plans
identified in the 2017.
§201.6(c)(4)(iii): [The plan
maintenance process shall include a]
discussion on how the community
will continue public participation in
the plan maintenance process.

The plan details a strategy for
continuing public involvement.

Chapter 21 details a comprehensive strategy
for continuing public involvement.
§201.6(c)(5): [The local hazard
mitigation plan shall include]
documentation that the plan has
been formally adopted by the
governing body of the jurisdiction
requesting approval of the plan (e.g.,
City Council, County Commission,
Tribal Council).

All planning partners that fully met
their “participation” requirements as
defined by the planning process
formally adopted the plan. Appendix
C of the plan presents the
resolutions of all planning partners
that adopted this plan.

Section 21.1 will include all formal adoption
and FEMA plan approval documentation once
adopted by the City.

3-1

3. PLAN DEVELOPMENT APPROACH

3.1 FORMATION OF THE PLANNING TEAM
The City of Concord hired Tetra Tech, Inc. to assist with development and implementation of the plan. The Tetra Tech project manager assumed the role of the lead planner, reporting directly to the City of Concord project manager.

A planning team was formed to lead the planning effort, made up of the following members:
• Trish Beirne, Emergency & Volunteer Services Manager, City of Concord • Bruce Davis, Senior Civil Engineer, City of Concord
• Kevin Marstall, Community Development Director, City of Concord • Jennifer Nylander, Administrative Coordinator, City of Concord • Carlton Thompson, Engineer, City of Concord
• Bart Spencer, Tetra Tech (project manager)
• Megan Brotherton, Tetra Tech (planner/public outreach discipline lead) • Nate Stueve, Tetra Tech (planner/profiling lead)
• Jake Poland, Tetra Tech (planner)
• Carol Baumann, Tetra Tech (risk assessment discipline lead) This planning team coordinated regularly during the course of this project to track plan development milestones and to identify meeting content for a steering committee established to help with development of the update.

3.2 DEFINING THE PLANNING AREA
The planning area consists of the incorporated area of the City of Concord. Relevant planning area characteristics are described in Chapter 4. The defined planning area is shown in Figure 3-1, including the boundaries of the City Council districts. In the risk assessments performed for this hazard mitigation plan, results are presented citywide as well as for each of the five districts.

UV242
UV4
UV4
§¨¦680
Treat Blvd
Clayton Rd
Willow Pass Rd
Kirker Pass RdMonument Blvd
Oak Grove Rd
Port Chicago Hwy
Cowell Rd
Galindo St
Concord Blvd
Ygnacio Valley Rd
Mallard
Reservoir
District 1
District 2
District 5
District 4
District 3
Concord

PLANNING AREA
Data Sources:

CIty of Concord
0 1 2
Miles
4 Freeway
Major Arterial
City Boundary
Park
WaterbodyStream
Figure 3-1

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-3

3.3 THE STEERING COMMITTEE
A steering committee was formed to oversee all phases of the plan. The members of this committee included key City of Concord staff, residents, and other stakeholders from within the planning area. The planning team assembled a list of candidates representing interests within the planning area that could have recommendations for the plan or be impacted by its recommendations. The team confirmed a committee of 18 members at the kickoff meeting. One alternate member was also named. Table 3-1 lists the Steering Committee members.

Table 3-1. Steering Committee Members
Name Title Department or Agency
Trish Beirne Emergency and Volunteer Services
Manager
City of Concord Police Department / Office of
Emergency Services
Jesse Crawford Maintenance Superintendent City of Concord Engineering Division Bruce Davis Senior Civil Engineer City of Concord Engineering Division Stephanie Gronlund Engineering Central Contra Costa Sanitary District Rick Kovar (Vice-Chair 1) Emergency Services Manager Contra Costa County Office of Emergency Services Mateika Martin Manager, Threat and Emergency
Management
John Muir Health
Kathryn Monroy Program Manager City of Concord Parks and Recreation Jill Mosley Principal Engineer Contra Costa Water District Jennifer Nylander Administrative Coordinator City of Concord Community Development Jennifer Ortega Community Relations Manager City of Concord Manager’s Office Bea Portillo (Vice-Chair 2) Emergency Planning Coordinator Contra Costa County Office of Emergency Services Ryan Pursley (Chair) Chief Building Official City of Concord Building Division Les Putnam Senior Public Safety Specialist PG&E
Jenny Schaeffer Programs Director Food Bank of Contra Costa & Solano Danny Scherer Logistics Manager Monument Crisis Center
Brian Snead Damage Prevention/Right of Way
Specialist PNR Bay Division
Kinder Morgan
Briana Taylor Northern CA Coastal Region American Red Cross Norman Wong Principal Planner BART
Natalie Manier (Alternate) For Briana Taylor American Red Cross

Leadership roles and ground rules were established during the Steering Committee’s initial meeting on October 11, 2022. The planning team facilitated each Steering Committee meeting, which addressed a set of objectives based on the work plan established for the planning process. The Steering Committee met three times from October 2022 through February 2023. Meeting agendas, meeting summaries and sign-in sheets are available for review upon request.

All Steering Committee meetings were open to the public, and agendas and meeting summaries were posted to the hazard mitigation plan website.

3.4 COORDINATION WITH STAKEHOLDERS AND OTHER AGENCIES
Opportunities for involvement in the planning process must be provided to neighboring communities, local and regional agencies involved in hazard mitigation, agencies with authority to regulate development, businesses,

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-4
academia, and other private and nonprofit interests (44 CFR, Section 201.6(b)(2)). This task was accomplished by the planning team as follows:
• Steering Committee Involvement—Agency representatives were invited to join the Steering Committee. • Agency Notification—City staff invited the following agencies to participate in the plan development process from the beginning; these agencies were kept apprised of plan development milestones by email, telephone calls, and personal contact:
➢ American Red Cross
➢ Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART)
➢ California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) ➢ California Department of Water Resources (DWR)
➢ Central Contra Costa Sanitary District
➢ Contra Costa Water District
➢ Contra Costa County Office of Emergency Services
➢ East Bay Regional Parks District
➢ FEMA Region 9
➢ Food Bank of Contra Costa & Solano
➢ John Muir Health
➢ Kinder Morgan
➢ Monument Crisis Center
➢ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ➢ Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E)
➢ U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
➢ Residents within Council Districts
➢ Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)
Some of these agencies supported the effort by attending meetings or providing feedback on issues. • Pre-Adoption Review—All the agencies listed above were provided an opportunity to review and comment on this plan during the public comment period, primarily through the hazard mitigation plan website. Each agency was sent an e-mail message informing them that draft portions of the plan were available for review.

In addition, the complete draft plan was sent to Cal OES and FEMA for a pre-adoption review to ensure program compliance.

Stakeholder contributions to the planning process included the following:
• FEMA Region 9 provided planning guidance and data from the National Flood Insurance Program • The U.S. Geological Survey provided ShakeMaps for earthquake analyses • Cal OES provided planning guidance and reviewed the draft and final versions of the plan

3.5 REVIEW OF EXISTING PROGRAMS
Hazard mitigation planning must include review and incorporation, if appropriate, of existing plans, studies, reports and technical information (44 CFR, Section 201.6(b)(3)). Chapter 4 of this plan provides a review of laws and ordinances in effect within the planning area that can affect hazard mitigation actions. In addition, the following programs can affect mitigation within the planning area:
• City of Concord 2030 General Plan
• Downtown Concord Specific Plan

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-5
• Housing Element 2014-2022
• Housing Element 2023-2031
• California Fire Code
• 2022 California Building Code
• California State Hazard Mitigation Forum
• City Capital Improvement Programs
• City Emergency Operations Plan
• Citywide Climate Action Plan
• Contra Costa County Climate Action Plan
• Contra Costa County General Plan
• Safety and Noise Element
• City Development Code
• City Zoning Ordinances
• City Floodplain Management Ordinance

3.6 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT
Broad public participation in the planning process helps ensure that diverse points of view about the planning area’s needs are considered and addressed. The public must have opportunities to comment on disaster mitigation plans during the drafting stages and prior to plan approval (44 CFR, Section 201.6(b)(1)).

3.6.1 Strategy
The strategy for involving the public in this plan emphasized the following elements:
• Include members of the public on the Steering Committee. • Use a survey to determine if the public’s perception of risk and support of hazard mitigation has changed since the initial planning process.
• Attempt to reach as many planning area residents as possible through the following activities:
➢ Development of a public outreach plan, approved by the Steering Committee ➢ Attendance at advertised public outreach events and meetings with live interaction ➢ Development of a hazard mitigation plan webpage on the City website ➢ Use of social media, such as Nextdoor, Instagram, Facebook and Twitter ➢ Development and advertisement of a public survey posted on Survey Monkey to collect pertinent information from residents and the business community.

Stakeholders and the Steering Committee
Stakeholders are the individuals, departments, agencies and jurisdictions that have a vested interest in the recommendations of the hazard mitigation plan. The effort to include stakeholders in this process included

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-6
stakeholder participation on the Steering Committee. The following federal, state, regional, and local stakeholders also played a role in the planning process:
• Federal Agencies—FEMA Region 9 provided updated planning guidance, provided summary and detailed data for the City from the National Flood Insurance Program (including repetitive loss information), and conducted a plan review.
• State Agencies—Cal OES provided updated planning guidance and reviewed the draft and final versions of the plan update as part of their state hazard mitigation planning process required by the DMA.

Survey
A multi-lingual hazard mitigation plan survey (see Figure 3-2) was developed by the planning team with guidance from the Steering Committee. The survey was used to gauge preparedness for all hazards and the level of knowledge of tools and techniques that assist in reducing risk and loss from natural hazards. This survey was designed to help identify areas vulnerable to one or more hazards. The answers to its 19 questions helped guide the Steering Committee in determining planning goals, objectives and mitigation strategies. Surveys were distributed at public- outreach events, and a web-based version of the survey was made available on the hazard mitigation plan website. The complete survey and an analysis of its findings can be found in Appendix A.

Public Events
Planning team members and other volunteers attended public events to make the public aware of the update to the hazard mitigation plan and invite residents to take the public survey (see Figure 3-3 through Figure 3-6). Residents who attended the events were asked to complete the survey online or on a paper copy, and each was given an opportunity to provide comments for the Steering Committee. Local media outlets were informed of the events by City press releases.

The first event was at the Concord Holiday Tree Lighting Ceremony on December 2, 2022. The annual event draws hundreds of community members to the Todos Santos Plaza. Volunteers from CERT and the Concord Police Service Program provided emergency and disaster information and spoke with attendees about the plan update process and the public survey.

The Concord Senior Craft Fair was the second event the planning team and mitigation volunteers attended. This event on December 3, 2022, engaged seniors and other community members with hazard awareness information and opportunities to take the public survey.

Hazard Mitigation Plan Website
During the planning process, a webpage was created on the City of Concord website to introduce the hazard mitigation plan update and keep the public apprised of upcoming outreach events, meeting dates and times, public survey, and plan update process (see Figure 3-7). The website address is: https://www.cityofconcord.org/1034/Local- Hazard-Mitigation-Plan-LHMP.

The site’s address was publicized at all public meetings and in all social media releases. Information on the plan development process, the Steering Committee, the survey and drafts of the plan were made available to the public on the website throughout the process. The City of Concord intends to keep the webpage active after the plan’s completion to keep the public informed about successful mitigation projects and future plan updates.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-7

Figure 3-2. Sample Page from Survey Distributed to the Public

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-8

Figure 3-3. Hazard Awareness Booth at the Concord Senior Center Craft Fair
Figure 3-4. Surveys Distributed at the Concord Senior Center Craft Fair

Figure 3-5. Hazard Mitigation Booth Volunteers at the
Concord Tree Lighting Ceremony
Figure 3-6. Surveys Distributed at the Concord Tree Lighting Ceremony

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-9

Figure 3-7. Hazard Mitigation Plan Webpage on the City of Concord Website

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-10
Story Map
An online “Story Map” was created (using the Esri StoryMap software) to communicate the variety and severity of hazards facing the City of Concord (see Figure 3-8). During the update process, the Story Map was released to the public and promoted through print and social media, the project website, and during public meetings. It includes risk assessment results for all relevant hazards and an interactive hazard mapping tool. The Story Map expanded the ways in which members of the public could interact with hazard data as the hazard mitigation plan update was underway.

Figure 3-8. Example Story Map Data Page
After completion of the hazard mitigation plan update, the City of Concord Story Map will continue to support visual and data-based communication about the range of hazards relevant in the city. The Story Map is available through the City’s website: Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan StoryMap

3.6.2 Public Involvement Results
The public involvement strategy used for the plan update introduced the concept of mitigation to the public and provided the Steering Committee with feedback to use in developing the plan. All residents of the planning area had opportunities to provide comment during all phases of the plan update process. Attendance and survey distribution at the public meetings are summarized in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2. Summary of Public Meetings and Events
Date Type of Event Number in Attendance
October 11, 2022 Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Steering Committee Meeting #1 23 December 2, 2022 Hazard Mitigation Booth Volunteers at the Concord Tree Lighting Ceremony 5,000 December 3, 2022 Hazard Awareness Booth at the Concord Senior Center Craft Fair 300 December 13, 2022 Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Steering Committee Meeting #2 18 February 14, 2023 Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Steering Committee Meeting #3 20 Total 5,361

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-11
Survey Outreach
The survey was released in English, Spanish, Dari, Chinese, Vietnamese, and Tagalog. Completed surveys were received from 349 respondents, including 42 from languages other than English. Of these respondents, 72 percent have been affected by severe weather, nearly 66 percent have experienced an earthquake, and another 61 percent have been affected by drought. Survey results were shared with the Steering Committee. Detailed survey results are provided in Appendix A. Key results are as follows:
• Survey respondents ranked earthquake as the hazard of highest concern, followed closely by severe weather, flood, and drought.
• The majority of respondents believe that the best method to receive disaster information is by SMS/text, followed by the Contra Costa Community Warning System.
• 63 percent of respondents indicated that their households are somewhat prepared to survive without electricity or natural gas for five or more days; 11 percent said they are very prepared and 26 percent said they are not at all prepared.
• Over 43 percent of respondents indicated that when they moved into their home, they considered the impact a disaster could have on their home.
• Nearly 48 percent of the respondents indicated that they do not know if their home is located in a mapped hazard area.
• Most respondents stated that incentives would entice them to spend money to mitigate their property. The two most popular incentives were insurance premium discounts and free local government technical assistance.

Survey results included more than 100 respondents who provided their email address to receive additional information regarding emergency preparedness in the Concord area. Concord’s Office of Emergency Services will follow up with each of these respondents.

Public Comments on the Draft Plan
A formal 14-day public comment period was initiated on February 13, 2023. During this comment period, the public was asked to review the proposed draft of the hazard mitigation plan and provide comments to the Planning Team by February 27, 2023. The public comment period was advertised on the hazard mitigation plan website as well as a press release to all media outlets and social media blast through outlets used by the City.

The Planning Team received four comments during the public comment period. Those that were deemed relevant to the overall plan by the planning team were incorporated into the final submittal draft of the plan. Most of the comments fell outside the scope of this plan update and were noted by the planning team for consideration under other emergency management programs of the City. Copies of the comments were retained by the planning team and are available upon request.

3.7 PLAN DEVELOPMENT CHRONOLOGY/MILESTONES
Table 3-3 summarizes important milestones in the plan update process.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-12
Table 3-3. Plan Development Chronology/Milestones
Date Event Description Attendance
2022
7/14 City releases a request for
proposals to update its
hazard mitigation plan
Secure contractor support to facilitate update of the City’s hazard mitigation plan
N/A
7/28 City Selects Tetra Tech as its
technical support Contractor
Technical support secured N/A
7/29 City executes contract with
Tetra Tech for technical
support of hazard mitigation
plan update
Notice to proceed N/A
9/14 Planning Team call #1 Planning process 8
9/27 Planning team call #2 Planning process 8
10/11 Planning Team call #3 Planning process 8
10/11 1st Steering Committee
Meeting
• Project overview, work plan, timeline, important
milestones.
• Steering Committee’s role, purpose, expectations,
organization, and charter.
• Discuss plan review, public outreach capabilities
• Confirm mission statement
• Confirm plan goals
• Review Steering Committee charter
• Confirm natural hazards and hazards of interest
23 10/14 Steering Committee Input Confirm Steering Committee charter via email N/A 10/25 Planning Team call #4 Planning process 7
10/25 Public Outreach Web-based hazard mitigation survey deployed N/A 10/26 Public Outreach Press release announcing the planning process, website and web-based hazard mitigation survey.

N/A
11/15 Planning Team call #5 Planning process 8
12/2 Public Outreach at Concord
Holiday Tree Lighting
Ceremony
Hazard information was shared with the public at the
Community Emergency Response Team booth as well as
distribution of public surveys to complete on-site and postcards publicizing the virtual version of the survey.

About 5,000 at
the event
12/3 Public Outreach at Concord
Senior Craft Fair
Hazard information was shared with the public as well as distribution of public surveys to complete on-site and postcards publicizing the virtual version on the survey.

About 300 at the
event
12/06 Planning Team call #6 Planning process 9
12/13 2nd Steering Committee
Meeting
• Confirm plan objectives
• Risk assessment discussion
• Critical infrastructure mapping request to area agencies • Outreach and engagement update
18 12/20 Planning Team call #7 Planning process 7

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Plan Development Approach 3-13
Date Event Description Attendance
2023
1/03 Planning Team call #8 Planning process 8
1/17 Planning Team call #9 Planning process 8
1/31 Planning Team call #10 Planning process 9
1/31 Public Outreach Public hazard mitigation survey closed 349 respondents 2/13 Public Outreach Press release announcing the beginning of the draft plan public comment period.

N/A
2/13 Public Outreach Initiate 2-week public comment period for review of the draft plan
N/A
2/14 Planning Team call #11 Planning process 7
2/14 3rd Steering Committee
Meeting
• Draft Plan overview
• Approve mitigation action plan
• Final public survey results
20 2/27 Public Outreach Closure of 2-week public comment period 4 2/28 Planning Team call #12 Planning process XX
TBD Plan Review Plan sent to Cal OES for review and approval pending adoption N/A TBD Approval Pending Adoption Approval pending adoption received from FEMA Region 9 N/A TBD Plan adopted by the Concord
City Council
Plan is finalized with the Council’s adoption N/A
TBD Final Approval FEMA granted final approval of the adopted plan. N/A

4-1

4. CITY OF CONCORD PROFILE
The City of Concord is the largest city in Contra Costa County, located 29 miles northeast of San Francisco.

According to the U.S. Census, the city has a total area of 30.5 square miles. Concord is bordered on the west by Pleasant Hill and the unincorporated community of Pacheco, on the south by Walnut Creek, on the southeast by Clayton, on the northeast by Pittsburg and the unincorporated community of Bay Point, and on the north by the unincorporated community of Clyde. Though it shares no border with Concord, Martinez (the county seat) is located almost immediately adjacent to Concord on the northwest. Concord is connected to San Francisco and Oakland by freeways and the BART system.

4.1 CITY GOVERNMENT
The City of Concord is a general law city with a city council/city manager form of government, and a community- oriented, performance-based management system at the core of decision-making. As its governing body, Concord’s City Council consists of five elected members each representing one of five Council voting districts (see Figure 3-1).

Council members are elected to four-year terms. City voters also elect a city treasurer who serves for a four-year term.

The City Council also serves as the Board of Directors of the Concord/Pleasant Hill Health Care District, the Board of the Local Reuse Authority, and as the Successor Agency to the Redevelopment Agency. Items considered by these bodies are done so on regular City Council agendas.

The Council hires the city manager, who is responsible for all management functions of the City, including preparation of the budget, delivery of services, hiring of personnel, and implementation of capital projects. The City Council also directly hires the city attorney who serves as the City’s primary legal advisor. Municipal elections are consolidated with the general election held every two years in November of even-numbered years. Council terms overlap, with three Councilmembers elected one year and the other two elected two years later. The Council annually selects one of its members to serve as mayor and another as vice mayor. The City Council assumes responsibility for the adoption of this plan; the city manager will oversee its implementation.

4.2 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW
A small tribe of Chupcan (Bay Miwok) Indians composed the first inhabitants of the area that is Concord today. The first city was founded by Salvio Pacheco in 1869 under the name of Todos Santos. It achieved prominence in the 19th century as residents of Pacheco relocated to Todos Santos to avoid fire and flood that crippled Pacheco’s formerly booming economy. The City of Concord was incorporated on February 5, 1905.

North and east of today’s downtown is the older residential area of Concord, with many homes dating back to before the mid-20th century. The southeastern area of the city, centered along Clayton Road, is primarily residential and was mostly developed in the 1960s and 1970s. In the southwest area of the city is the primarily Latino neighborhood known as Four Corners, centered around the intersection of Monument Boulevard and Oak Grove Road.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-2
Todos Santos Plaza, encompassing an entire city block, serves as the focal point of downtown Concord today and has gained fame for its farmers market, free summer concerts, and large number of surrounding restaurants. Much of the area immediately around downtown has recently been redeveloped, with new, high-density apartment and condominium projects to take advantage of nearby public transportation and a park.

In the far northern edge of town is an industrial area, dominated by the Martinez Refinery (which is outside the city limits). The decommissioned Concord Naval Weapons Station to the northeast has been slated for redevelopment into a transit-oriented community. The planning process has encountered delays over the last two decades, but development is anticipated to begin during the implementation period of this hazard mitigation plan.

4.3 PHYSICAL SETTING

4.3.1 Habitats and Surface Waters
The City of Concord is in the Bay Area/Delta Bioregion, as defined by the State’s Natural Communities Conservation Program. This bioregion consists of a variety of natural communities, from salt marshes to chaparral to oak woodlands. The diversity of vegetation found in Contra Costa County is a result of topographic and micro-climate diversity and, combined with the rapid pace of development in the region, has resulted in a high degree of endangerment for local flora and fauna. The primary habitat types include urban, annual grassland, estuarine, coastal brackish marsh, riverine, chaparral, and foothill pine-blue oak woodland. The most prevalent habitat type is urban, which covers the majority of the area within the city limits and is generally continuous to the west and southwest, adjoining the cities of Pleasant Hill and Walnut Creek, respectively. To the east, urban habitat continues into the City of Clayton (City of Concord n.d.-b).

The Concord planning area is bordered to the north—and includes a small part of—the estuarine habitat of Suisun Bay. Bordering the bay is the Avon-Port Chicago Marsh, a relatively extensive area of coastal brackish marsh. This area extends up to 2 miles south toward the developed areas of Concord and is bordered to the west by Pacheco Creek and to the east by Clyde and the tidal portion of the former Concord Naval Weapons Station. Most of this marsh area is considered to be high quality habitat. More patchy brackish marsh habitat is also found beyond these boundaries, both east and west of the planning area along Suisun Bay.

Laced within these diverse habitats are a number of creeks, principally Walnut, Pine, Galindo, and Mount Diablo, and tributaries to the creeks. Although much of the extent of these creeks has been disturbed, the waterways provide important aquatic and riparian habitat, providing resources and movement corridors for flora and fauna. The southern portion of the planning area in the Mount Diablo Foothills contains a number of drainages, including tributaries to Galindo Creek. Intermittent streams and seasonal wetland ponds also occur in the area. Although unmapped, they provide seasonal habitats for local wildlife, including species such as the tiger salamander, which is listed as a special status species by the California Natural Diversity Database. The grassland habitat in the eastern portion of the planning area contains a number of such seasonal wetlands.

4.3.2 Topography
Most of Concord is in nearly level to sloping, with an elevation of 75 feet defined by hills to the southeast and southwest.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-3

4.3.3 Soils and Geology
The 1973 soil survey of Contra Costa County identifies 14 soil associations in the area, as summarized in Table 4-1.

Table 4-1. Identified Soil Types in Contra Costa County Soil % of Total Survey Area Soil % of Total Survey Area Los Osos-Millsholm-Los Gatos 28 Capay-Sycamore-Brentwood 3 Altamont-Diablo-Fontana 26 Capay-Rincon 3
Clear Lake-Cropley 10 Marcuse-Solano-Pescadero 3
Rindge-Kingile 6 Delhi 2
Brentwood-Rincon-Zamora 5 Sacramento-Omni 2
Tierra-Antioch-Perkins 4 Joice-Reyes 2
Rock outcrop-Xerothents 4 Gilroy-Vallecitos 2
Source: Welch, 1973

4.3.4 Climate
Concord has a hot summer Mediterranean climate. Official data from the National Weather Service cooperative station in Concord shows average high temperatures of 57.2 °F in January and 87.8 °F in July. Average low temperatures are 41.6 °F in January and 58.2 °F in July. There are an average of 45 days with highs of 90 °F or higher and 3.8 days with lows of 32 °F or lower. The highest recorded temperature was 112 °F on September 4, 2022 (San Francisco Chronicle 2022). The lowest record temperature was 24 °F on December 23, 1998.

Average annual precipitation is 18.31 inches, falling on an average of 57 days annually. The wettest year was 1995, with 26.62 inches. The driest year was 2007, with 10.57 inches. The most rainfall in one month was 11.79 inches in December 2005, which included the 24-hour maximum rainfall of 3.95 inches on December 31. Table 4-2 summarizes key climate data at the Concord Wastewater Treatment Plant.

Table 4-2. Average Concord Climate Data
Concord Wastewater Plant
Period of record 1991 – 2016
Average Annual Low Temperature 50.3 °F
Average Annual High Temperature 73.3 °F
Average Annual Mean Temperature 64.9 °F
Maximum Temperature 110 °F, July 23, 2006
Minimum Temperature 24 °F, December 23, 1998
Average Annual Precipitation 18.31 inches
One Date Maximum Precipitation 3.95 inches, December 31, 2005 Source: (Western Regional Climate Center 2023)

4.4 SENSITIVE RESOURCES
Historical buildings and locations of significance in Concord include the Galindo Home, which currently serves as the museum for the Concord Historical Society; the Don Fernando Pacheco Adobe, which is the city’s only landmark listed on the national, California, and Concord historical registers; the Port Chicago Naval Magazine National Memorial; and the John Muir National Historic Site.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-4
Concord also is home to several special natural habitat areas. The non-urban areas in the south, east, and north portions of the city are both known and potential habitat for a number of special status animal and plant species.

Lime Ridge supports known populations of Mount Diablo manzanita, Mount Diablo fairy lantern, Diablo helianthella, and Hall’s bush mallow. The ridge provides important habitat for these plant species and is considered a significant ecological area by Contra Costa County.

Mt. Diablo, also considered a county significant ecological area, extends into Concord’s planning area. Portions of the hills within the eastern boundary of the city provide habitat for California tiger salamanders, which have been observed along intermittent streams and seasonal wetland ponds in this area. Much of the grassland area is considered habitat. Intermittent streams and ponds provide habitat for the California red-legged frog, which has been observed on the southeastern portion of the Concord Reuse Project site.

According to the 2030 General Plan, planning for the reuse of the former Concord Naval Weapons Station has required extensive documentation of special status species on the project site. In addition to California red-legged frog, California tiger salamander, and burrowing owl habitat, a number of protected birds have been observed, including golden eagles, bald eagles, loggerhead shrikes, and peregrine falcons. The site also contains potential habitat for the western pond turtle and coast horned lizard, although neither species has been observed. The Concord Reuse Project Area Plan conserves the most sensitive habitat areas on the site as open space (City of Concord n.d.-b).

4.5 DEVELOPMENT PROFILE

4.5.1 Land Use
Much of Concord’s land use pattern can be traced to its evolution as a primary job center within the region, with the focus on Downtown and subsequently on the radiating transportation corridors. Most of the residential development in the City is low-density single-family housing, and much of the commercial development is retail-related. Office, business park, and light industrial uses are located adjacent to transportation infrastructure. Schools and parks are distributed throughout the residential neighborhoods in the city.

Single-family residential is the most significant land use within the city limits. Occupying roughly 6,270 acres, it comprises about 32 percent of the land in Concord. Commercial and mixed use development is clustered in Concord’s downtown and along the major transportation routes that radiate outward from downtown, notably Clayton Road, Monument Boulevard, Willow Pass Road, and areas around the intersection of State Route (SR) 242 and Interstate (I) 680. Industrial uses are primarily situated north of SR 4, and to a lesser extent, south of Monument Boulevard. Table 4-3 summarizes the breakdown of current land use in the City (City of Concord n.d.).

Although Concord has a sizeable inventory of community and neighborhood parks an d recreation opportunities, the vast majority of the acreage in this category comes from open space areas in Los Medanos Hills and the Mount Diablo foothills. Other land uses include vacant and public/quasi -public. These sites are dispersed throughout the City, not clustered in any specific area. Within the existing urbanized area of Concord, 1 percent of the land is vacant and eight percent is used for public/quasi-public use (City of Concord 2012).

The former Concord Naval Weapons Station takes up another significant portion of the city. Historically, the Station was treated as two major subareas—a tidal area along Suisun Bay and an inland area that is predominantly south of Highway 4. Together these areas comprise 7,500 acres and account for 26 percent of the Concord land area.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-5
Table 4-3. General Plan Land Use within the Planning Area Planning Area
Land Use Area (acres) % of total
Single Family Residential 6,270 32.1%
Multi-Family Residential 680 3.5%
Visitor Accommodations 20 0.1%
Commercial Retail 400 2.0%
Auto-Oriented Commercial 90 0.5%
Other Commercial 50 0.3%
Shopping Centers 90 0.5%
Mixed Use 20 0.1%
Office 320 1.6%
Military 145 0.7%
Public/Quasi-Public 1,260 6.4%
Industrial Parks 220 1.1%
General Industrial 340 1.7%
Parks, Recreation, and Open Space 1,421 7.3%
Military – Open Space 2,707 13.8%
Transportation 108 0.6%
Vacant 170 0.9%
Military – Future Development Area 2,233 11.4%
Right-of-way, Washes, and Canals 3,006 15.4%
Total 19,550 100.0%

The designated land use of the tidal area is military. It includes a deep water port used by the Army for weapons shipment, as well as undeveloped land and wetlands. The inland area is now known as the Concord Reuse Project Area. It is transitioning from military to civilian use and is planned for a combination of development and open space.

The Reuse Project Area comprises about 5,000 acres, more than half of which will become parkland under the Concord Reuse Project Area Plan (City of Concord 2012).

4.5.2 Building Stock
According to assessor records, there are 37,576 buildings in the planning area, with a total replacement value of $35.4 billion. The City’s housing stock, predominantly characterized by single-family detached dwelling units, makes up 96 percent of the total building stock. Table 4-4 shows the distribution of buildings by type of use.

Table 4-4. Distribution of Buildings in the Planning Area by Use Type Use Type Number of Buildings Replacement Cost
Residential 35,952 $16,117,411,991
Commercial 911 $11,264,730,796
Industrial 292 $2,990,826,183
Religion 72 $537,998,509
Government 275 $2,677,324,524
Education 54 $1,698,443,146
Total 37,556 $35,286,735,149

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-6

4.5.3 Critical Facilities
Critical facilities—those that are essential to the health and welfare of the population (or have a potential to impact public health and welfare)—are especially important after a hazard event. The risk assessment for each hazard in this plan discusses that hazard’s potential impact on critical facilities. For some hazards, potential damage to critical facilities was estimated using the Hazards U.S. (Hazus) computer model developed by FEMA. For this reason, the list of critical facilities was categorized using the following lifeline categories defined in the Hazus model:
• Communications—Infrastructure, Alerts, Warnings, Messages, 911 and Dispatch, Responder Communications and Financial Services
• Energy—Power (Grid), Temporary Power and Fuel
• Food, Water and Sheltering—Evacuations, Schools, Food/Potable Water, Shelter, Durable Goods, Water Infrastructure, and Agriculture
• Hazardous Materials—Facilities, Hazardous Debris, Pollutants and Contaminants • Health and Medical—Medical Care/Hospitals: Patient Movement, Public Health, Fatality Management, Health Care, and Supply Chain
• Safety and Security—Law Enforcement/Security, Search and Rescue, Fire Services, Government Service, Responder Safety, and Imminent Hazard Mitigation
• Transportation—Highway/Roadway, Mass Transit, Railway, Aviation, Maritime and Pipeline Table 4-5 summarizes the number of critical facilities by Hazus-defined category, based on the best data available on critical facilities at the time of this plan. This information is subject to change as new information about critical facilities becomes available during the performance period for this plan. General locations of critical facilities in the planning area are shown on Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-2.

Table 4-5. Planning Area Critical Facilities
Category Types of Facilities Included Number in Planning Area Communications Banks 3
Energy Electric substations, power plants 98
Food, Water & Sheltering Affordable rental housing, water wells 11 Hazardous Materials none identified 0
Health and Medical Health care facilities, hospitals 16 Safety and Security Correctional facilities, fire stations, government buildings, schools, sheriff station
49 Transportation Bridges, rapid transit station 70
Total 247

4.5.4 Development Trends
Development in Concord is guided by the City’s General Plan, which governs land use decision and policy-making.

This hazard mitigation plan will work together with the General Plan to support wise land use in the future by providing vital information on the risk associated with hazards within the city. The City of Concord will incorporate by reference the Hazard Mitigation Plan Update in its General Plan. This will ensure that all future trends in development can be established with the benefits of the information on risk and vulnerability to hazards identified in this plan.

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Treat Blvd
Clayton Rd
Willow Pass Rd
Kirker Pass RdMonument Blvd
Oak Grove Rd
Port Chicago Hwy
Cowell Rd
Galindo St
Concord Blvd
Ygnacio Valley Rd
Mallard
Reservoir
Concord

CRITICAL FACILITIES
Data Sources:

CIty of Concord
0 1 2
Miles
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Figure 4-1.

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Clayton Rd
Willow Pass Rd
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Oak Grove Rd
Port Chicago Hwy
Cowell Rd
Galindo St
Concord Blvd
Ygnacio Valley Rd
Mallard
Reservoir
Concord

CRITICAL FACILITIES
Data Sources:

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0 1 2
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Figure 4-2.
(2 of 2)

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-9
Recent Development
Table 4-6 summarizes development trends in the performance period since the preparation of the previous hazard mitigation plan, as well as expected future development trends.

Table 4-6. Recent and Expected Future Development Trends Criterion Response
Land annexed since last hazard
mitigation plan
16 parcels for construction of single-family homes, totaling approximately 9 acres.

Land targeted for annexation in next
five years
None
Areas targeted for development or
major redevelopment in the next five
years, and whether any of the areas
interface with known hazard risk areas.

Base Reuse Area
Number of permits for new construction
issued in the City since the preparation
of the previous hazard mitigation plan
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Single Family 70 13 24 47 18
Multi-Family 4 1 0 3 0
Other (commercial, mixed use, etc.) 13 2 5 3 5
Total 87 16 29 53 23

Number of new construction permits for
each hazard area (or qualitative
description of where development has
occurred).

Special Flood Hazard Areas: 2
Landslide: 0
Dam Failure Inundation Area: 0
Wildfire Risk Areas: 0
Level of buildout in the City, based on a
buildable lands inventory.

A total of 4,523 residential units can be built on the identified sites within the Housing Element planning period as stated in General Plan.

Projected Future Development
The City is seeing a number of large multifamily residential developments being entitled within the Downtown Specific Plan area, and within the Transit-Oriented Development zone near the Concord BART Station. A mixed-use development on Grant Street currently in development includes 280 residential units. A project near Ellis Lake Park approved on October 6, 2021, includes a six-story apartment building with 183 units and 199 parking spaces (City of Concord 2022).

The current draft of the City’s 6th Cycle Housing Element describes several development projects. The City’s list of approved, but not yet constructed, housing projects includes 1,280 housing units, 430 of which are affordable. These are primarily multifamily units in or near downtown and within a short walking distance of the BART station (City of Concord 2018).

The Naval Weapons Station Base Reuse Area Plan includes approximately 12,000 housing units, 25 percent of which (approximately 3,000 units) are to be affordable to low and very low income residents. The planned development also includes approximately 6 million square feet of commercial space. The City’s portion of the project is still in the planning stages and pending transfer from the Navy. The East Bay Regional Park District now owns a Regional Park/Conservation area of approximately 2,600 acres. Contra Costa County is planning, pending future transfer, a First Responder Training Facility on 75 acres north of State Route 4 (Bjerke 2023).

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-10

4.6 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

4.6.1 Population Estimates
Current and Historical Population
The California Department of Finance estimated the population of Concord to be 123,634 as of January 1, 2022.

Table 4-7 shows past population estimates from 2000 to 2020. The risk assessments included in this hazard mitigation plan, performed with FEMA’s Hazus computer program, use a planning area population of 125,410, based on 2020 Census data by Zip code maintained by the City.

Table 4-7. Annual Population Data
Year Population Year Population Year Population
2000 121,872 2007 120.049 2014 126,084
2001 122,874 2008 120,592 2015 127,223
2002 123,415 2009 121,285 2016 129,130
2003 123,061 2010 122,109 2017 129,657
2004 123,119 2011 123,089 2018 129,729
2005 122,373 2012 124,117 2019 129,880
2006 120,732 2013 125,119 2020 129,453
Source: California Department of Finance Historical Population Estimates

Between 2000 and 2020, California’s population grew by 17.5 percent while the planning area’s population increased by 6.2 percent. Figure 4-3 shows the planning area’s annual population growth rates from 2000 to 2020 compared to those of the state. Concord has experienced positive growth in several years over that period.

Source: California Department of Finance Historical Population Estimates

Figure 4-3. California and City of Concord Population Growth Projected Future Population
According to population projections by the California Department of Finance, Contra Costa County’s population should increase to 1,312,536 by 2040 (State of California Department of Finance 2023). This represents a 14.4 percent increase from the 2020 population. This is in line with the County’s 2035 General Plan Land Use Element. -1
0 1
2 3
4 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Annual Growth Rate (%)
City of Concord California

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-11

4.6.2 Demographic Indicators for Social Vulnerability
Some populations are at greater risk from hazard events because of decreased resources or physical abilities. People living near or below the poverty line, the elderly, individuals with disabilities, women, children, ethnic minorities, and renters all experience, to some degree, more severe effects from disasters than the general population. These vulnerable populations may vary from the general population in risk perception, living conditions, access to information before, during and after a hazard event, capabilities during an event, and access to resources for post- disaster recovery. Indicators of vulnerability—such as disability, age, poverty, and minority race and ethnicity—often overlap spatially and often in the geographically most vulnerable locations.

Indicators from Census data are commonly used to assess social vulnerability. For the social vulnerability demographic profile component for this plan, the following indicators were selected:
• Population Under 15 Years of Age—Children, especially in the youngest age groups, often cannot protect themselves during a disaster because they lack the necessary resources, knowledge, or life experiences to effectively cope with the situation. Hazard mitigation planning needs to be tailored such that the community is prepared to ensure that children are safe during disaster events and that families with children have access to necessary information and tools.
• Population Over 65 years of Age—People 65 years old and older are likely to require financial support, transportation, medical care, or assistance with ordinary daily activities, especially during disasters. They are more likely to be vision, hearing, and/or mobility impaired, more likely to experience mental impairment or dementia, and more likely to live in assisted-living facilities where emergency preparedness is at the discretion of facility operators. Hazard mitigation needs to account for such needs. • People of Color—Social and economic marginalization of certain racial and ethnic groups, including real estate discrimination, has resulted in greater vulnerability of these groups to all types of hazards. Based on data from a number of studies, African Americans, Native Americans, and populations of Asian, Pacific Islander, or Hispanic origin are likely to be more vulnerable than the broader community. Research shows that minorities are less likely to be involved in pre-disaster planning and experience higher mortality rates during disaster events. Post-disaster recovery often exhibits cultural insensitivity. Since higher proportions of ethnic minorities live below the poverty line than the majority white population, poverty can compound vulnerability. Hazard mitigation plans need to identify the spatial distribution of these population groups and direct resources to reduce their vulnerability to hazards. • Limited English-Speaking Households—For populations with limited English proficiency, disaster communication may be difficult, especially in communities for whom translators and accurate translations of advisories may be scarce. Such households are likely to rely on relatives and local social networks (i.e., friends and neighbors) for information for preparing for a disaster event. • Persons with Disabilities—Persons with disabilities or other access and functional needs are more likely to have difficulty responding to a hazard event than the general population. Family, neighbors, and local government are the first level of response to assist these individuals, and coordination of efforts to meet their access and functional needs is paramount to life safety efforts. Emergency managers need to distinguish between functional and medical needs to plan for incidents that require evacuation and sheltering. Knowing the percentage of population with access and functional needs allows emergency management personnel and first responders to anticipate the services needed by that population. • Families Below the Poverty Level—Economically disadvantaged families have limited ability to absorb losses due to hazard impacts. Wealth enables families to absorb and recover from losses more quickly, due to insurance, savings, and often the availability of low-cost credit. People with lower incomes tend not to have access to these resources. At the same time, poorer families are likely to inhabit poor quality housing and

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-12
reside in locations that are most vulnerable to hazard events. Economically disadvantaged neighborhoods are also likely to have relatively poor infrastructure and facilities, which exacerbate the disaster consequences for community members there.
• Renter Occupied Housing Units— People who rent often do so because they do not have the financial resources for home ownership. They often lack access to information about financial aid during recovery. In the most extreme cases, renters lack sufficient shelter options when lodging becomes uninhabitable and limited supply causes housing costs to rise dramatically after a disaster. Renters commonly have limited opportunities for implementing mitigation measures at their home and may not have insurance to cover their personal property. Additionally, renters may not be aware of hazard risks at the property where they live.

Hazard mitigation planning needs to explore ways to ensure that renters are aware of risks and opportunities available to them to mitigate known risks.

These indicators were selected based on the availability of datasets at a small enough resolution to determine probable characteristics of populations within identified hazard areas. The following sections describe these indicators for the planning area.

Age Distribution
The overall age distribution for the planning area is shown in Figure 4-4. Based on the 2019 five-year estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey, 14.8 percent of the planning area’s population is 65 or older and 18.7 percent is 14 or younger.

Figure 4-4. Concord Age Distribution
9,509
7,731
6,803
6,831
6,969
20,448
18,441
16,150
9,486
7,785
11,462
5,364
2,248
0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000
Under 5 years
5 to 9 years
10 to 14 years
15 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 to 74 years
75 to 84 years
85 years and over
Number of People
Age

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-13
Race, Ethnicity, Language
At the federal level, race and ethnicity in the United States are categorized separately. The most recent U.S. Census officially recognized six racial categories: White American, Black or African American, Native Americans and Alaska Native, Asian American, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and “two or more races.” In completing the census form, each person is asked to choose from among these racial categories, so all Americans are included in the numbers reported for those categories.

Separately, the Census Bureau classifies respondents as “Hispanic or Latino” or “Not Hispanic or Latino,” identifying Hispanic and Latino, the largest minority group in the nation, as an ethnicity not a race. Hispanic and Latino Americans have ethnic origins in a Spanish-speaking country or Brazil. Latin American countries are, like the United States, racially diverse. Consequently, no separate racial category exists for Hispanic and Latino Americans, as they do not constitute a race or a national group. However, the U.S. Supreme Court has unanimously held that, in law, the term “race” is not limited to Census designations but extends to all ethnicities, which may include Jewish, Arab, Italian, Hungarian, Laotian, Zulu, etc.

Any racial category may contain people of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. For example: the White or European- American race category contains Non-Hispanic Whites and Hispanic Whites; the Black or African American category contains Non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanic Blacks; the Asian-American category contains Non-Hispanic Asians and Hispanic Asians.

Figure 4-5 shows the racial distribution in the City of Concord according to the 2019 5-year estimates from the U.S.

Census Bureau’s American Community Survey. Figure 4-6 shows the ethnic distribution in the City. The City of Concord has a 24.4 percent foreign-born population. Census data indicate that a majority of the population—89.6 percent—speak a language other than English at home, including 45.6 percent of the total population who speak Spanish at home; another 9.3 percent speak an Asian or Pacific Islander language at home. The census estimates that

51.2 percent of the residents speak English “less than very well.” Source: U.S. Census, 2020

Figure 4-5. Concord Race Distribution
White, 58.2%
Black or African
American, 3.6%
American Indian and
Alaska Native, 0.4%
Asian, 12.8%
Native Hawaiian and
Other Pacific
Islander, 0.6%
Some Other Race,

13.9%
Two or More Races,

10.6%

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-14
Source: U.S. Census, 2020

Figure 4-6. Concord Ethnicity Distribution
Individuals with Disabilities or Access and Functional Needs According to the 2020 5-year American Community Survey, 11.7 percent of the residents in Concord live with one or more disabilities. This equates to 14,491 individuals. This includes 6.3 percent with an independent living disability,

5.9 percent with a cognitive difficulty, 5.8 with an ambulatory difficulty, 3.7 percent with a hearing difficulty,

2.0 percent with a self-care difficulty, and 1.8 percent with a vision difficulty. Additional residents with access and functional needs may be unreported.

Income
People living in California must be prepared financially to overcome the inherent risks associated with residing in the state. For the most part, individuals and families are expected to prepare for, respond to and recover from disasters with their personal resources. People with median and low incomes may not recover from a major disaster, and those who are economically disadvantaged likely will not recover. In urban areas such as Concord, the economically disadvantaged often live-in older homes or apartments that may not have been retrofitted or kept current with building codes that would mitigate some of the damage from the disasters prevalent to the area. Renters have no control over the strength and stability of the buildings they live in. All people have a great deal to lose during a disaster, but those economically disadvantaged will lose the most due to their inability to recover.

Based on U.S. Census Bureau estimates, per capita income in the planning area in 2021 was $46,157, and the average household income was $123,084. It is estimated that about 20.7 percent of households receive an income between $100,000 and $149,999 per year, and over 24.7 percent of household incomes are above $150,000 annually. About

11.3 percent of the households in the planning area make less than $25,000 per year and are therefore below the poverty level. The weighted average poverty threshold for a family of four in 2020 was $26,496; for a family of three, $20,591; for a family of two, $16,733.

Mexican, 19.5%
Puerto Rican, 1.2%
Cuban, 0.2%
Other Hispanic or
Latino, 8.2%
White Alone, 47.4%
Asian Alone, 12.5%
Two or more races,

6.5%
Black or African
American Alone, 3.5%
Native American,

0.1%
Native
Hawaiian/Pacific
Islander alone, 0.6%

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-15
Homeownership and Renter-Occupied Housing
According to 2020 American Community Survey estimates, there are 46,404 occupied housing units in the City of Concord. Table 4-8 compares general demographic statistics for renter-occupied and owner-occupied housing units.

Table 4-8. Comparative Statistics for Renter-Occupied and Owner-Occupied Housing Units Renter-Occupied Housing Units Owner-Occupied Housing Units Occupied Housing Units
Number 18,508 27,894
% of Total 39.9 percent 60.1 percent
Age of Residents
< 35 28.3 percent 9.4 percent
Time Living at Current Residence
Moved in in 2017 or Later 50.3 percent 20.7 percent
The Social Vulnerability Index
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) uses 16 U.S. census variables to help local officials identify communities that may need support before, during, or after disasters. Social vulnerability refers to the potential negative effects on communities caused by external stresses on human health. Such stresses include natural or human-caused disasters or disease outbreaks. Reducing social vulnerability can decrease both human suffering and economic loss.

This planning effort aligns the social vulnerability threshold with that used in the State of California Hazard Mitigation Plan. High vulnerability is defined by using the overall summary ranking value greater than 0.70. Figure 4-7 shows areas of Concord with high vulnerability rankings. The population living in this area is 27,617 which is 21.5 percent of the total city population.

4.7 ECONOMY

4.7.1 Industry, Businesses and Institutions
With about 66,000 jobs (one out of every seven jobs in Contra Costa County), the City of Concord is the top job center in the county (City of Concord 2022a). With a lower cost of living than Oakland and San Francisco and an easy commute anywhere within the Bay Area, Concord attracts many residents who want to experience the suburban lifestyle with urban amenities. Opportunities to connect with major employers, continue education, and train with industry leaders, coupled with the scenic Mount Diablo backdrop, San Francisco Bay, and comfortable weather makes Concord home for families, entry-level talent, and career transplants (City of Concord n.d.-a). Concord has more than

3.4 million square feet of Class A office space for $2.81 per square foot, a rate that is about half of the cost of office space in nearby San Francisco (City of Concord 2022a). Figure 4-8 shows Census Bureau estimates of the distribution of jobs in Concord by industry.

UV242
UV4
UV4
§¨¦680
Treat Blvd
Clayton Rd
Willow Pass Rd
Kirker Pass RdMonument Blvd
Oak Grove Rd
Port Chicago Hwy
Cowell Rd
Galindo St
Concord Blvd
Ygnacio Valley Rd
Mallard
Reservoir
Concord

HIGH SOCIAL VULNERABILITY AREAS

IN THE PLANNING AREA
Data Sources:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CIty of Concord
0 1 2
Miles
4 High Vulnerability Census Tract
(Summary Ranking Value > 0.70)
Figure 4-7

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-17

Figure 4-8. Industry in the Planning Area
The City of Concord identifies the following companies as the top employers in the City (City of Concord n.d.-a):
• Health Care Providers and Medical Organizations—Akesis Health, Cerus Corporation, Fresenius Medical Care, John Muir Health
• Technology—Buildings IOT, Entisys 360
• Manufacturing, Construction, and Engineering—Benchmark, Eichleay, Kyocera, MCE Corporation • Banks—Pacific Service Credit Union, Wells Fargo
• Service Providers—Assetmark, Athens Administrators, Harris & Associates • Other Major Employers—Bay Alarm, BevMo!, Calitho, Conco, Systron Donner Inertial

4.7.2 Employment Trends and Occupations
According to the 5-year American Community Survey (2016-2020), about 67.5 percent of the City of Concord’s population 16 years old or older is in the labor force. Of the working-age population, 86.3 percent of men and

76.1 percent of women are in the labor force. Figure 4-9 shows Census Bureau estimates of employment distribution by occupation category.

Agriculture,
forestry, fishing
and hunting, and
mining

0.5%
Construction

6.6%
Manufacturing

7.6%Wholesale trade

1.8%
Retail trade

10.2%
Transportation and
warehousing, and
utilities

4.4%
Information

2.2%
Finance and
insurance, and real
estate and rental
and leasing

7.7%
Professional,
scientific, and
management, and
administrative and
waste management
services

16.6%
Educational
services, and
health care and
social assistance

20.6%
Arts, entertainment,
and recreation, and
accommodation
and food services

11.0%
Other services

7.1%
Public
administration

3.9%

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan City of Concord Profile 4-18

Figure 4-9. Occupations in the City of Concord
Figure 4-10 compares state and county unemployment trends from 2000 through 2021. Contra Costa County’s unemployment rate was lowest in 2019 at 3.1 percent. The rate peaked at 11.2 percent in 2010 and has declined since then, with the exception of 2020 in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. The County unemployment rate has generally been slightly lower than the statewide rate.

Figure 4-10. California and Contra Costa County Unemployment Rate The U.S. Census estimates that over 59.7 percent of workers in the planning area commute alone (by car, truck or van) to work, and mean travel time to work is 30.9 minutes.

Management,
Business, Science
and Arts
41%
Service
21%
Sales & Office
21%
Natural Resources,
Construction and
Maintenance
8%
Production,
Transportation, and
Material Moving
9%
0 2
4 6
8 10
12 14
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (%)
California
Contra Costa County

5-1

5. HAZARDS ADDRESSED IN THIS PLAN

5.1 MAJOR PAST HAZARD EVENTS
Federal disaster declarations are typically issued for hazard events that cause more damage than state and local governments can handle without assistance from the federal government. They put local response, reimbursement, and recovery programs into motion to assist public entities’ disaster victims. Some of the programs are matched by state programs. Declarations are made at the county level, and 16 events since 1969 have drawn presidential disaster declarations that applied to Contra Costa County (see Table 5-1). Review of these events helps identify targets for risk reduction and ways to increase a community’s capability to avoid large-scale events in the future.

Table 5-1. Federal Disaster Declarations Applying to Contra Costa County Type of Event FEMA Disaster # Declaration Date
Severe Winter Storms DR-4683-CA January 2023
Covid-19 Pandemic DR-4482 March 2020
Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, And Mudslides DR-4301 February 2017 Severe Storms, Flooding, Mudslides, And Landslides DR-1628 February 2006 Severe Winter Storms and Flooding DR-1203 February 1998 Severe Storms, Flooding, Mud and Landslides DR-1155 January 1997 Severe Storms, Flooding, Mud and Landslides DR-1046 March 1995 Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, Landslides, Mud Flows DR-1044 January 1995 Severe Winter Storm, Mud & Land Slides, & Flooding DR-979 February 1993 Loma Prieta Earthquake DR-845 October 1989
Severe Storms & Flooding DR-758 February 1986
Coastal Storms, Floods, Slides & Tornadoes DR-677 February 1983 Severe Storms, Flood, Mudslides & High Tide DR-651 January 1982 Torrential Rain, High Tide & Winds EM-3078 February 1980 Drought EM-3023 January 1977
Severe Storms & Flooding DR-253 January 1969

Many natural hazard events do not trigger federal disaster declarations but have significant impacts on their communities. These events are also important to consider in establishing recurrence intervals for hazards of concern.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Hazards Addressed in This Plan 5-2

5.2 IDENTIFIED HAZARDS OF CONCERN
The Steering Committee considered the full range of natural and human-caused hazards assessed in the 2023 State of California Hazard Mitigation Plan (Table 5-2) that could affect the planning area and then listed hazards that present the greatest concern.

Table 5-2. City of Concord Hazard Comparison with California State Hazards 2023 California
State Hazard Mitigation Plan
2023 City of Concord
Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Comment
Air Pollution Not included This is a concern for the City, but it is dealt with in other planning mechanisms
Civil Disorder Other Hazards of Interest Civil disorder is included in a combined discussion of human- caused hazards
Cyber Threats Other Hazards of Interest Cyber security threats are included in a combined discussion of human-caused hazards
Dam Failure Dam and Levee Failure These hazards are combined in one chapter Drought Drought This local hazard aligns with the State Earthquake Earthquake This local hazard aligns with the State Electromagnetic Pulse Attack Not included This is not a concern for the City Energy Shortage Not included This is a concern for the City, but it is dealt with in other planning mechanisms
Epidemic/Pandemic/Vector-
Borne Disease
Other Hazards of Interest Infectious disease is included in a combined discussion of other hazards of interest
Extreme Cold or Freeze Not included This is not a concern for the City Extreme Heat Severe Weather This hazard was included in a combined discussion of severe weather hazards
Geomagnetic Storm (Space
Weather)
Not included This is a concern for the City, but it is dealt with in other planning mechanisms
Hazardous Materials Release Other Hazards of Interest Hazardous materials incidents are included in a combined discussion of human-caused hazards
Invasive and Nuisance
Species
Not included This is not a concern for the City
Landslide, Debris Flow, and
other Mass Movements
Landslide The City is only concerned about the landslide hazard Levee Failure Dam and Levee Failure These hazards are combined in one chapter Natural Gas Pipeline Hazards Other Hazards of Interest Pipeline interruptions are included in a combined discussion of human-caused hazards
Oil Spills Other Hazards of Interest Discussed with hazardous materials incidents Other Potential Causes of
Long-Term Electrical Outage
Not included This is not a concern for the City
Public Safety Power Shutoff Severe Weather PSPS events are discussed in connection with the severe weather hazard
Radiological Accidents Other Hazards of Interest Radiological materials are mentioned in connection with hazardous materials incidents
Riverine, Stream and Alluvial
Flood
Flood The flood chapter addresses stormwater runoff floods, riverine floods and flash floods

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Hazards Addressed in This Plan 5-3
2023 California
State Hazard Mitigation Plan
2023 City of Concord
Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Comment
Sea-Level Rise, Coastal
Flooding and Erosion
Not included The City does not border the ocean
Severe Wind, Weather, and
Storms
Severe Weather The severe weather chapter addresses heavy rain, extreme heat and high winds
Snow Avalanche Not included This is not a concern for the City Subsidence Not included This is not a concern for the City Terrorism Other Hazards of Interest Terrorism is included in a combined discussion of human- caused hazards
Transportation Accidents
Resulting in Explosions or
Toxic Releases
Not included This is a concern for the City, but it is dealt with in other planning mechanisms
Tree Mortality Not included This is not a concern for the City Tsunami and Seiche Not included The City does not border the ocean or contain any large bodies of water
Urban Structural Fire Not included This is a concern for the City, but it is dealt with in other planning mechanisms
Volcano Not included This is not a concern for the City Well Stimulation and
Hydraulic Fracturing
Not included This is not occurring in the City
Wildfire Wildfire This is included as a qualitative discussion The process incorporated a review of local hazard planning documents as well as information on the frequency of, magnitude of, and costs associated with hazards that have struck the planning area or could do so. Anecdotal information regarding natural hazards and the perceived vulnerability of the planning area’s assets to them was also used. Based on the review, this plan addresses the following hazards of concern (presented in alphabetical order; the order of listing does not indicate the hazards’ relative severity):
• Climate change
• Dam and levee failure
• Drought
• Earthquake
• Flood
• Mass movement/landslide
• Severe weather
• Wildfire
• Other hazards of interest:
➢ Hazardous materials incidents
➢ Infectious disease
➢ Pipeline incidents
➢ Terrorism, civil disturbance, cybersecurity threats, active shooter incidents ➢ Transportation incidents
➢ Utility interruptions

6-1

6. REGULATIONS AND PROGRAMS
Existing laws, ordinances, plans and programs at the federal and state level can support or impact hazard mitigation actions identified in this plan. Hazard mitigation plans are required to include a review and incorporation, if appropriate, of existing plans, studies, reports, and technical information as part of the planning process (44 CFR, Section 201.6(b)(3)). This chapter presents the relevant information for laws, plans and programs at the federal, state, and local levels.

6.1 FEDERAL AND STATE
This section summarizes federal and state programs that may interface with the actions identified in this plan. Each program enhances capabilities to implement mitigation actions or has a nexus with a mitigation action in this plan.

State and federal regulations and programs that need to be considered in hazard mitigation are constantly evolving.

For this plan, a review was performed to determine which regulations and programs are currently most relevant to hazard mitigation planning. The findings are summarized in Table 6-1 and Table 6-2. Short descriptions of each program are provided in Appendix B.

Table 6-1. Summary of Relevant Federal Agencies, Programs and Regulations Agency, Program or Regulation
Hazard Mitigation
Area Affected Relevance
Americans with Disabilities Act Action Plan
Implementation
FEMA hazard mitigation project grant applications require full compliance with applicable federal acts.

Civil Rights Act of 1964 Action Plan
Implementation
FEMA hazard mitigation project grant applications require full compliance with applicable federal acts.

Clean Water Act Action Plan
Implementation
FEMA hazard mitigation project grant applications require full compliance with applicable federal acts.

Community Development Block
Grant Disaster Resilience
Program
Action Plan
Funding
This is a potential alternative source of funding for actions identified in this plan.

Community Rating System Flood Hazard This voluntary program encourages floodplain management activities that exceed the minimum National Flood Insurance Program requirements.

Disaster Mitigation Act Hazard Mitigation
Planning
This is the current federal legislation addressing hazard mitigation planning.

Emergency Relief for Federally
Owned Roads Program
Action Plan
Funding
This is a possible funding source for actions identified in this plan.

Emergency Watershed Program Action Plan
Funding
This is a possible funding source for actions identified in this plan.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-2
Agency, Program or Regulation
Hazard Mitigation
Area Affected Relevance
Endangered Species Act Action Plan
Implementation
FEMA hazard mitigation project grant applications require full compliance with applicable federal acts.

Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission Dam Safety
Program
Dam Failure
Hazard
This program cooperates with a large number of federal and state agencies to ensure and promote dam safety.

National Dam Safety Act Dam Failure
Hazard
This act requires a periodic engineering analysis of most dams in the country
National Environmental Policy
Act
Action Plan
Implementation
FEMA hazard mitigation project grant applications require full compliance with applicable federal acts.

National Flood Insurance
Program
Flood Hazard This program makes federally backed flood insurance available to homeowners, renters, and business owners in exchange for communities enacting floodplain regulations
National Incident Management
System
Action Plan
Development
Adoption of this system for government, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector to work together to manage incidents involving hazards is a prerequisite for federal preparedness grants and awards
Presidential Executive Order
11988 (Floodplain Management)
Flood Hazard This order requires federal agencies to avoid long and short-term adverse impacts associated with modification of floodplains Presidential Executive Order
11990 (Protection of Wetlands)
Action Plan
Implementation
FEMA hazard mitigation project grant applications require full compliance with applicable presidential executive orders.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Dam Safety Program
Dam Failure
Hazard
This program is responsible for safety inspections of dams that meet size and storage limitations specified in the National Dam Safety Act.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Flood Hazard Management
Flood Hazard,
Action Plan
Implementation,
Action Plan
Funding
The Corps of Engineers offers multiple funding and technical assistance programs available for flood hazard mitigation actions

Table 6-2. Summary of Relevant State Agencies, Programs and Regulations Agency, Program or Regulation
Hazard Mitigation
Area Affected Relevance
AB 32: The California Global
Warming Solutions Act
Action Plan
Development
This act establishes a state goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020
AB 70: Flood Liability Flood Hazard A city or county may be required to partially compensate for property damage caused by a flood if it unreasonably approves new development in areas protected by a state flood control project
AB 162: Flood Planning Flood Hazard Cities and counties must address flood-related matters in the land use, conservation, and safety and housing elements of their general plans.

AB 747: General Plans—Safety
Element
Hazard Mitigation
Planning
The safety elements of cities’ and counties’ general plans must address evacuation routes and include any new information on flood and fire hazards and climate adaptation and resiliency strategies.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-3
Agency, Program or Regulation
Hazard Mitigation
Area Affected Relevance
AB 2140: General Plans—Safety
Element
Hazard Mitigation
Planning
This bill enables state and federal disaster assistance and mitigation funding to communities with compliant hazard mitigation plans.

AB 2800: Climate Change—
Infrastructure Planning
Action Plan
Development
This act requires state agencies to take into account the impacts of climate change when developing state infrastructure.

Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault
Zoning Act
Earthquake Hazard This act restricts construction of buildings used for human occupancy on the surface trace of active faults.

California Department of Water
Resources
Flood Hazard This state department is the state coordinating agency for floodplain management.

California Division of Safety of
Dams
Dam Failure
Hazard
This division monitors the dam safety program at the state level and maintains a working list of dams in the state.

California Environmental Quality
Act
Action Plan
Implementation
This act establishes a protocol of analysis and public disclosure of the potential environmental impacts of development projects.

Any project action identified in this plan will seek full California Environmental Quality Act compliance upon implementation.

California General Planning Law Hazard Mitigation
Planning
This law requires every county and city to adopt a comprehensive long-range plan for community development, and related laws call for integration of hazard mitigation plans with general plans.

California Multi-Hazard Mitigation
Plan
Hazard Mitigation
Planning
Local hazard mitigation plans must be consistent with their state’s hazard mitigation plan.

California Residential Mitigation
Program
Earthquake Hazard This program helps homeowners with seismic retrofits to lessen the potential for damage to their houses during an earthquake.

California State Building Code Action Plan
Implementation
Local communities must adopt and enforce building codes, which include measures to improve buildings’ ability to withstand hazard events.

Disadvantaged and Low-Income
Communities Investments
Action Plan
Funding
This is a potential source of funding for actions located in disadvantaged or low-income communities.

Division of the State Architect’s
AB 300 List of Seismically At-Risk
Schools
Earthquake
Hazard, Action Plan
Development
The Division of the State Architect recommends that local school districts conduct detailed seismic evaluations of seismically at- risk schools identified in the inventory that was required by AB 300.

Governor’s Executive Order S-13-
08 (Climate Impacts)
Action Plan
Implementation
This order includes guidance on planning for sea-level rise in designated coastal and floodplain areas for new projects.

Senate Bill 92: Public Resources
Portion of Biennial Budget Bill
Dam Failure
Hazard
This bill requires dams (except for low-risk dams) to have emergency action plans that are updated every 10 years and inundation maps updated every 10 years, or sooner if specific circumstances change.

Senate Bill 97: Guidelines for
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Action Plan
Implementation
This bill establishes that greenhouse gas emissions and the effects of greenhouse gas emissions are appropriate subjects for California Environmental Quality Act analysis.

Senate Bill 99: General Plans:

Safety Element: Emergency
Evacuation Routes
Action Plan
Implementation
This bill requires the safety element must include information to identify residential developments in hazard areas that do not have at least two emergency evacuation routes.

Senate Bill 379: General Plans:

Safety Element—Climate
Adaptation
Action Plan
Implementation
This bill requires cities and counties to include climate adaptation and resiliency strategies in the safety element of their general plans.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-4
Agency, Program or Regulation
Hazard Mitigation
Area Affected Relevance
Senate Bill 1000: General Plan
Amendments—Safety and
Environmental Justice Elements
Action Plan
Implementation
Under this bill, review and revision of general plan safety elements are required to address only flooding and fires (not climate adaptation and resilience), and environmental justice is required to be included in general plans.

Senate Bill 1035: Fire, Flood, and
Adaptation Safety Element
Updates
Action Plan
Implementation
Clarifies that revisions to the Safety Element to address fire hazards, flood hazards, and climate adaptation and resilience strategies all must occur upon each revision to a Housing Element or Local Hazard Mitigation Program.

Standardized Emergency
Management System
Action Plan
Implementation
Local governments must use this system to be eligible for state funding of response-related personnel costs.

6.2 CITY OF CONCORD
This section identifies local programs, plans, and studies that can support or enhance the core capabilities of the City.

Each can be leveraged by the City to support or enhance the implementation of mitigation actions identified in this plan. These programs, plans and studies are hereby integrated into this hazard mitigation plan by reference— mitigation actions identified in any of them are considered to be fully integrated into this hazard mitigation plan by reference.

6.2.1 General Plan
The Concord General Plan is a comprehensive set of purposes, policies and programs to guide the future form and development of the city. The plan is approved by the City Council and the mayor and adopted by the Planning Commission. The General Plan is a strategic long-term document that is implemented by decisions that direct the allocation of public resources and that shape private development, which affects the lives of residents and the business community. The General Plan is prepared and maintained by the Department of City Planning and must comply with the California General Planning Law. The law requires specific planning elements, including land use, circulation, housing, conservation, open space, noise, safety, and air quality. The City of Concord’s General Plan consists of the following elements:
• Economic vitality
• Land use
• Growth management
• Transportation
• Parks, open space and conservation
• Safety and noise
• Public facilities and utilities
• Housing
The Safety Element includes a discussion of geologic and seismic hazards, wildfire hazards, hazardous materials, and health and safety services. The hazard mitigation plan was adopted as an implementation appendix to the Safety Element.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-5

6.2.2 City of Concord Emergency Operations Plan
The Emergency Operations Plan addresses the City’s responsibilities in emergencies associated with natural disaster, human-caused emergencies and technological incidents. It provides a framework for coordination of response and recovery efforts within the city in coordination and with local, state, and federal agencies. The plan establishes an emergency organization to direct and control operations during a period of emergency by assigning responsibilities to specific personnel. Information from the hazard mitigation plan is incorporated as appropriate.

6.2.3 Local Emergency Volunteer Management Plan
This plan establishes a framework by which the City of Concord can coordinate unaffiliated spontaneous and affiliated volunteer resources for community-wide response, relief, and recovery following a disaster.

6.2.4 Citywide Climate Action Plan
The City’s Climate Action Plan includes projects for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to likely impacts of climate change. These projects were reviewed to identify cross-planning initiatives that serve both adaptation and mitigation objectives.

6.2.5 Care and Shelter for People with Disabilities and Functional Needs The City addresses the needs of individuals with disabilities and the elderly during an emergency or disaster situation, and provides safe, sanitary, secure shelter and care for all residents including those with functional needs.

6.2.6 California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)
The City enforces the requirements of CEQA, which, since 1988, requires mitigation for identified natural hazards.

6.2.7 Post-Disaster Recovery Plan
The departments of the City of Concord provide vital services to residents, so reliability is a fundamental mission for every City department. Currently, such planning was each department’s responsibility. The content and structure of continuity of operations plans (COOP), operational standards, and coordination with other departments, if any, were left to the discretion of individual departments. A Post-Disaster Recovery Plan will serve as a supplemental tool designed to help City departments effectively resume day-to-day core services and functions following a disaster.

6.3 CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
The planning team performed an inventory and analysis of existing authorities and capabilities called a “capability assessment.” A capability assessment creates an inventory of a jurisdiction’s codes, programs and policies, and evaluates its capacity to carry them out. It presents a toolkit for implementing the hazard mitigation plan and for identifying opportunities to increase the City’s core capabilities to support mitigation actions. The assessment identifies potential gaps in core capabilities. Filling those gaps may eventually become mitigation actions in the plan.

Assessment findings were shared with City departments as they developed the recommended mitigation actions. If a department identified an opportunity to add or expand a capability, then doing so has been identified as a mitigation action. The City views each core capability to be fully adaptable as needed to meet the best interests of the City. This adaptability is an overarching City capability that is acknowledged by this reference.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-6

6.3.1 Planning and Regulatory Capabilities
Jurisdictions have the ability to develop policies and programs and to implement rules and regulations to protect and serve residents. Local policies are typically identified in a variety of community plans, implemented via a local ordinance, and enforced through a governmental body. An assessment of planning and regulatory capabilities is presented in Table 6-3.

Table 6-3. Planning and Regulatory Capability
Local Authority Other Jurisdiction
Authority State Mandated Integration
Opportunity?
Codes, Ordinances, & Requirements
Building Code Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: California Code of Regulations Title 24, and Municipal Code Chapter 15. Last amended December 6November 1, 202216, effective January 51, 202317. Fire Code regulated by Contra Costa County Fire Protection District. Title 24 regulated by the State of CA.

Zoning Code Yes Yes No Yes
Comment: 2030 General Plan, Zoning Plan Chapter 3 Land Use. Adopted October 2, 2007, Amended January 6, 2015 Subdivisions Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Municipal Code, Title 17 Subdivisions. (Ord. No. 17-9 (Exh. A)) Amended September 5, 2017.

Stormwater Management Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Municipal Code Chapter 16.05 Ord. No. 04-4 Date of last update 2004.

Post-Disaster Recovery No No No No
Comment:

Real Estate Disclosure Yes Yes Yes No
Comment: Cal.Civ. Code §1102 et seq. Amended in 1999, effective January 1, 2000.

Growth Management Yes No Yes No
Comment: Cal.Gov. Code §65300 et seq. Amended in 1984.

Site Plan Review Yes Yes No Yes
Comment: Municipal Code, Chapter 18.10 Title, Purpose, Applicability and Interpretation. Section 65850 et seq. of the California Government Code. [Ord. 12-4. DC 2012 § 122-1] Amended August 23, 2012.

Environmental Protection Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: California Environmental Quality Act (Guideline: California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Division 6, Chapter3.

Sections 15000-15387) Amended January 1, 2016.

Flood Damage Prevention Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Municipal Code Chapter 15.75, Floodplain Management.(Ord. No. 10-1) Date of last update April 13, 2010.

Emergency Management Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Code 1965, § 3600; Code 2002, § 22-1. Ord. No. 858. Date of last amendment 2016 Climate Change Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: California SB-379: Land Use: General Plan: Safety Element, Amended October 8, 2015. Citywide Climate Action Plan, adopted July 23, 2013.

Other: N/A N/A N/A N/A
Comment:

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-7
Local Authority Other Jurisdiction
Authority State Mandated Integration
Opportunity?
Planning Documents
General Plan Yes Yes Yes Yes
Is the plan compliant with Assembly Bill 2140? Yes
Comment: City of Concord 2030 General Plan, Chapter 7: Safety and Noise. Elements include: Fault Rapture Hazards, Ground Shaking Susceptibility, Liquefaction Potential, Wildfire Hazards, Hazardous Materials and Health and Safety Services.

Capital Improvement Plan Yes No No Yes
How often is the plan updated? 2 years
Comment: Last updated 2022
Floodplain or Watershed Plan Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Last updated 2010
Stormwater Plan Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Last updated 2004
Urban Water Management Plan No Yes Yes No
Comment: Contra Costa Water District
Habitat Conservation Plan Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Municipal Code Chapter 18.305, Creek and Riparian Habitat Protection- Ord. 12-4. DC 2012 § 122-799 -last updated 2012
Economic Development Plan Yes No No No
Comment: On April 11, 2017 an Economic Vitality Strategy Initiative was presented to council, updated in January 2020.

Shoreline Management Plan No N/A N/A N/A
Comment:

Community Wildfire Protection Plan No N/A N/A N/A
Comment:

Forest Management Plan No N/A N/A N/A
Comment:

Climate Action Plan Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Last updated July 23, 2013.

Emergency Operations Plan Yes Yes Yes Yes
Comment: A Resolution to Adopt the City of Concord’s Emergency Operations Plan Dated March 22, 2016 Threat & Hazard Identification & Risk
Assessment (THIRA)
No Yes Yes No
Comment: County Office of Emergency Services
Post-Disaster Recovery Plan No Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Office of Emergency Services
Continuity of Operations Plan Yes Yes No Yes
Comment: Office of Emergency Services
Public Health Plan No Yes Yes Yes
Comment: Contra Costa County Health Services

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-8

6.3.2 Integration Opportunity
The assessment looked for opportunities to integrate this mitigation plan with the planning and regulatory capabilities identified. Capabilities were identified as integration opportunities if they can support or enhance the actions identified in this plan or be supported or enhanced by components of this plan. The City considered actions to implement this integration. The column in Table 6-3 labeled “Integration Opportunity” identifies capabilities that can support or be supported by components of this plan. Where “yes” is indicated in this column, the City has considered actions to integrate these capabilities with the plan. The following is an example of future integration:
• Post-Disaster Recovery Plan—The departments of the City of Concord provide vital services to its residents. As a result, reliability is the fundamental mission of every department in the City. The content and structure of continuity of operations plans, operational standards, and coordination with other departments, is left to the discretion of individual departments. A continuity of operations plan will serve as a supplemental tool to help City departments effectively resume day-to-day core services and functions following a disaster.

6.3.3 Administrative and Technical Capabilities
Planning, regulatory, and fiscal capabilities provide the backbone for successfully developing a mitigation strategy; however, without appropriate personnel, the strategy may not be implemented. Administrative and technical capabilities focus on the availability of personnel resources responsible for implementing all the facets of hazard mitigation. These resources include technical experts, such as engineers and scientists, as well as personnel with capabilities that may be found in multiple departments, such as grant writers. An assessment of administrative and technical capabilities is presented in Table 6-4.

Table 6-4. Administrative and Technical Capability
Staff/Personnel Resource Available? Department/Agency/Position Planners or engineers with knowledge of land development and land management practices
Yes Planning, Community Development
Engineers or professionals trained in building or
infrastructure construction practices
Yes Community Development
Planners or engineers with an understanding of natural
hazards
Yes Community Development
Staff with training in benefit/cost analysis Yes Finance Surveyors No
Personnel skilled or trained in GIS applications Yes Information Technology Scientist familiar with natural hazards in local area No Emergency Manager Yes Police Department
Grant writers Yes Various
Other N/A

6.3.4 Fiscal Capabilities
Assessing a jurisdiction’s fiscal capability provides an understanding of the ability to fulfill the financial needs associated with hazard mitigation projects. This assessment identifies both outside resources, such as grant-funding eligibility, and local jurisdictional authority to generate internal financial capability, such as through impact fees. An assessment of fiscal capabilities is presented in Table 6-5.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-9
Table 6-5. Fiscal Capability
Financial Resource Accessible or Eligible to Use?
Community Development Block Grants Yes
Capital Improvements Project Funding Yes
Authority to Levy Taxes for Specific Purposes Yes
User Fees for Water, Sewer, Gas or Electric Service Yes, sewer fees Incur Debt through General Obligation Bonds Yes
Incur Debt through Special Tax Bonds Yes
Incur Debt through Private Activity Bonds No
Withhold Public Expenditures in Hazard-Prone Areas Yes
State-Sponsored Grant Programs Yes
Development Impact Fees for Homebuyers or Developers Yes

6.3.5 Participation in Other Programs
Other programs, such as the Community Rating System and Firewise USA, can enhance a jurisdiction’s ability to mitigate, prepare for, and respond to natural hazards. These programs indicate a jurisdiction’s desire to go beyond minimum regulatory requirements in order to create a more resilient community. These programs focus on communication, mitigation, and community preparedness to minimize the impact of natural hazards on a community.

Classifications under various community mitigation programs are presented in Table 6-6.

Table 6-6. Community Classifications
Participating? ID Number Classification Date Classified FIPS Code Yes 06-16000 N/A N/A
Unique Entity Identifier Yes R18EUE4LETK7 N/A N/A
Community Rating System Yes N/A 6 5/1/2020
Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule Yes N/A 2 4/11/12 Public Protection No N/A N/A N/A
Storm Ready No N/A N/A N/A
Firewise No N/A N/A N/A

6.3.6 Development and Permitting Capability
Jurisdictions regulate land use through the adoption and enforcement of zoning, subdivision and land development ordinances, building codes, building permit ordinances, floodplain, and stormwater management ordinances. When effectively prepared and administered, these regulations can lead to hazard mitigation. Development and permitting capabilities are presented in Table 6-7.

6.3.7 NFIP Compliance
Flooding is the costliest natural hazard in the United States. Community participation in the NFIP opens up opportunity for additional grant funding associated specifically with flooding issues. Assessment of the jurisdiction’s current NFIP status and compliance provides planners with a greater understanding of the local flood management program, opportunities for improvement, and available grant funding opportunities. Information on NFIP compliance is presented in Table 6-8.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-10
Table 6-7. Development and Permitting Capability
Criterion Response
Does your jurisdiction issue development permits? Yes
If no, who does? If yes, which department? Community Development Department Does your jurisdiction have the ability to track permits by hazard area?
Yes
For flood map and seismic fault zone only
Does your jurisdiction have a buildable lands inventory? Yes If yes, please briefly describe. Inventory of the housing potential on vacant sites is within the Concord 2014-2022 Housing Element, Category 2-8 and the Draft Housing Element (2023-2031) in Appendix E.

If no, please quantitatively describe the level of buildout in the jurisdiction.

N/A

Table 6-8. National Flood Insurance Program Compliance
Criterion Response
What local department is responsible for floodplain management? Community Development Who is your floodplain administrator? (department/position) Community Development/Current Development Manager
Are any certified floodplain managers on staff in your jurisdiction? Yes, 3 What is the date that your flood damage prevention ordinance was last amended?
4/13/2010
Does your floodplain management program meet or exceed minimum requirements?
Exceeds
If exceeds, in what ways? CRS Class 6 City of Concord has one foot of freeboard requirement.

When was the most recent Community Assistance Visit or Community Assistance Contact?
3/1/2007
Does your jurisdiction have any outstanding NFIP compliance violations that need to be addressed?
No
If so, please state what they are. N/A
Do your flood hazard maps adequately address the flood risk within your jurisdiction?
Yes
If no, please state why. N/A
Does your floodplain management staff need any assistance or training to support its floodplain management program?
No
If so, what type of assistance/training is needed? N/A
Does your jurisdiction participate in the Community Rating System (CRS)? Yes If yes, is your jurisdiction interested in improving CRS Classification? No Is your jurisdiction interested in joining the CRS program? N/A How many Flood Insurance policies are in force in your jurisdiction?a 242 What is the insurance in force? $72,619,900
What is the premium in force? $216,932
How many total loss claims have been filed in your jurisdiction? a 66 What were the total payments for losses? $113,713
a. According to FEMA statistics as of September 30, 2022

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-11

6.3.8 Public Outreach Capability
Regular engagement with the public on issues regarding hazard mitigation provides an opportunity to directly interface with community members. Assessing this outreach and education capability illustrates the connection between the government and community members, which opens a two-way dialogue that can result in a more resilient community based on education and public engagement. An assessment of education and outreach capabilities is presented in Table 6-9.

Table 6-9. Education and Outreach
Criterion Response
Do you have a Public Information Officer or Communications Office? Yes Do you have personnel skilled or trained in website development? Yes, Information Technology Do you have hazard mitigation information available on your website? Yes If yes, please briefly describe. Emergency Preparedness, Hazard Mitigation Plan
Do you utilize social media for hazard mitigation education and outreach?
Yes
If yes, please briefly describe. City and Police Department Do you have any citizen boards or commissions that address issues related to hazard mitigation?
Yes
If yes, please briefly describe. Planning Commission
Do you have any other programs already in place that could be used to communicate hazard-related information?
Yes
If yes, please briefly describe. e-newsletter to subscriber interest list, Nextdoor.com, Police Dept., Concord CERT
Do you have any established warning systems for hazard events? Yes If yes, please briefly describe. Contra Costa County Community Warning System

6.3.9 Adaptive Capacity
An adaptive capacity assessment evaluates a jurisdiction’s ability to anticipate impacts from future conditions. By looking at public support, technical adaptive capacity, and other factors, jurisdictions identify their core capability for resilience against issues such as sea level rise. The adaptive capacity assessment provides jurisdictions with an opportunity to identify areas for improvement by ranking their capacity high, medium, or low. The community’s adaptive capacity for the impacts of climate change is presented in Table 6-10.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan Regulations and Programs 6-12
Table 6-10. Adaptive Capacity for Climate Change
Criterion Jurisdiction Ratinga
Technical Capacity
Jurisdiction-level understanding of potential climate change impacts Medium Comments: City’s Climate Action Plan and CRP Climate Action Plan.

Jurisdiction-level monitoring of climate change impacts Medium Comments: Planning Division participates in County sustainability exchange.

Technical resources to assess proposed strategies for feasibility and externalities Low Comments: None provided
Jurisdiction-level capacity for development of greenhouse gas emissions inventory Medium Comments: Through consultants for larger projects
Capital planning and land use decisions informed by potential climate impacts Low Comments: None provided
Participation in regional groups addressing climate risks High Comments: Planning Division participates in County sustainability exchange.

Implementation Capacity
Clear authority/mandate to consider climate change impacts during public decision-making processes
Medium
Comments: City Council advocacy for advancing Climate Action.

Identified strategies for greenhouse gas mitigation efforts Medium Comments: City’s Climate Action Plan and CRP Climate Action Plan.

Identified strategies for adaptation to impacts Low
Comments: None provided
Champions for climate action in local government departments Medium Comments: City council advocacy for advancing Climate Action.

Political support for implementing climate change adaptation strategies Low Comments: None provided
Financial resources devoted to climate change adaptation Low Comments: None provided
Local authority over sectors likely to be negative impacted Low Comments: None provided
Public Capacity
Local residents knowledge of and understanding of climate risk Medium Comments: Responses to the hazard mitigation public survey conducted in Concord in 2022/23 indicate a significant number of respondents understand the impacts of climate change.

Local residents support of adaptation efforts Medium
Comments: Responses to the hazard mitigation public survey conducted in Concord in 2022/23 indicate a large number of respondents are concerned about climate change impacts.

Local residents’ capacity to adapt to climate impacts Medium Comments: Responses to the hazard mitigation public survey conducted in Concord in 2022/23 suggest an understanding among respondents of the need to adapt to climate impacts.

Local economy current capacity to adapt to climate impacts Low Comments: None provided
Local ecosystems capacity to adapt to climate impacts Low Comments: None provided
a. High = Capacity exists and is in use; Medium = Capacity may exist but is not used or could use some improvement; Low = Capacity does not exist or could use substantial improvement; Unsure= Not enough information is known to assign a rating.

City of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan
PART 2—RISK ASSESSMENT

7-1

7. RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
The risk assessments in this plan describe the risks associated with each identified hazard of concern. The following steps were used to define the risk of each hazard:
• Identify and profile each hazard—The following information is given for each hazard:
➢ A summary of past events that have impacted the planning area ➢ Geographic areas most affected by the hazard
➢ Event frequency estimates
➢ Severity descriptions
➢ Warning time likely to be available for response
• Determine exposure to each hazard—Exposure was assessed by overlaying hazard maps with an inventory of structures, facilities, and systems to decide which of them would be exposed to each hazard. • Assess the vulnerability of exposed facilities—Vulnerability of exposed structures and infrastructure was evaluated by interpreting the probability of occurrence of each event and assessing structures, facilities, and systems that are exposed to each hazard. Tools such as GIS and Hazus were used for this assessment for the dam failure, earthquake, flood, and tsunami hazards. Outputs similar to those from Hazus were generated for other hazards, using data generated through GIS.

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT TOOLS

7.1.1 Mapping
National, state, county, and city databases were reviewed to locate available spatially based data relevant to this planning effort. Maps were produced using geographic information system (GIS) software to show the spatial extent and location of hazards when such datasets were available. The maps are included in the hazard profile chapters. Data used for this plan represents the best science currently available. Sources and methods used to generate the maps are described in Appendix C.

7.1.2 Modeling
Overview
FEMA developed the standardized GIS-based software program Hazards U.S. (Hazus) to estimate losses caused by earthquakes, hurricanes and floods and identify areas that face the highest risk and potential for loss. Hazus is used to support risk assessments, mitigation planning, and emergency planning and response. It provides a wide range of inventory data, such as demographics, building stock, critical facilities, and transportation and utility infrastructure, and multiple models to estimate potential losses from natural disasters. The program maps and calculates hazard data and damage and economic loss estimates for buildings and infrastructure. Its advantages include the following: