53656 Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 151 / Tuesday, August 8, 2023 / Rules and Regulations inches (815 mm) above the walking surface
and be free of sharp or abrasive surfaces.
R303.6.2 Bottom. The bottom of the
bottom detectable edging shall be 2 inches
(51 mm) maximum above the walking
surface.
R303.7 Pedestrian Signal Heads. Where
temporary pedestrian signal heads are
provided at a crosswalk that is part of an
alternate pedestrian access route, pedestrian
pushbuttons or passive detection devices
shall be provided and shall comply with
R307.
R304 Curb Ramps and Blended Transitions
R304.1 General. Curb ramps and blended
transitions shall comply with R304 and have
detectable warning surfaces in accordance
with R205.
R304.2 Perpendicular Curb Ramps.
Perpendicular curb ramps shall comply with
R304.2 and R304.5.
R304.2.1 Running Slope. The running
slope of a curb ramp shall be perpendicular
to the curb or gutter grade break. The
running slope of the curb ramp shall be 1:12
(8.3%) maximum.
Exception: Where the curb ramp length
must exceed 15 feet (4.6 m) to achieve a 1:12
(8.3%) running slope, the curb ramp length
shall extend at least 15 feet (4.6 m) and may
have a running slope greater than 1:12
(8.3%).
R304.2.2 Cross Slope. The cross slope of
a curb ramp run shall be 1:48 (2.1)
maximum.
Exception: At crosswalks, the cross slope of
the curb ramp run shall be permitted to be
equal to or less than the cross slope of the
crosswalk as specified by R302.5.
R304.2.3 Grade Breaks. Grade breaks at
the top and bottom of a curb ramp run shall
be perpendicular to the direction of the curb
ramp run. Grade breaks shall not be
permitted on the surfaces of curb ramp runs
and landings. Surface slopes that meet at
grade breaks shall be flush.
R304.2.4 Clear Area. A clear area 48
inches (1220 mm) wide minimum by 48
inches long (1220 mm) minimum shall be
provided beyond the bottom grade break of
the perpendicular curb ramp run and within
the width of the crosswalk. At shared use
paths, the clear area shall be as wide as the
shared use path. The clear area shall be
located wholly outside the vehicle travel
lanes, including bicycle lanes, that run
parallel to the crosswalk. The running slope
of the clear area shall be 1:20 (5.0%)
maximum. The cross slope of the clear area
shall be as specified by R302.5.
R304.2.5 Landing. When a change in
direction is necessary to access a curb ramp
from a pedestrian access route, a landing
shall be provided at the top of the curb ramp.
The landing shall be 48 inches (1220 mm)
wide minimum by 48 inches (1220 mm)long
minimum. At shared use paths, the landing
shall be as wide as the shared use path.
Where a landing serves only one curb ramp,
the landing slope measured perpendicular to
the curb ramp run shall be equal to or less
than the cross slope of the curb ramp run,
and the landing slope measured parallel to
the curb ramp run shall be 1:48 (2.1%)
maximum. Where a landing serves two curb
ramps, the landing slope in either direction
of travel shall not exceed the cross slope of
the crosswalk parallel to the direction of
travel as specified by R302.5.
R304.2.6 Side Treatments. Where a
pedestrian circulation path crosses the side
of a curb ramp, the side of the curb ramp
shall be flared. The slope of the flared side
shall be 1:10 (10.0%) maximum, measured
parallel to the adjacent curb line.
R304.2.7 Connection to Pedestrian
Facilities. Perpendicular curb ramps or their
landings shall be connected to adjacent
pedestrian facilities by pedestrian access
routes complying with R302. A transitional
segment may be used in the connection.
R304.3 Parallel Curb Ramps. Parallel
curb ramps shall comply with R304.3 and
R304.5.
R304.3.1 Running Slope. The running
slope of the curb ramp run shall be parallel
to the curb and shall be 1:12 (8.3%)
maximum.
Exception: Where the curb ramp run length
must exceed 15 feet (4.6 m) to achieve a 1:12
(8.3%) running slope, the curb ramp run
length shall extend at least 15 feet (4.6 m)
and may have a running slope greater than
1:12 (8.3%).
R304.3.2 Cross Slope. The cross slope of
the curb ramp run shall be 1:48 (2.1%)
maximum.
R304.3.3 Grade Breaks. Grade breaks at
the top and bottom of a curb ramp run shall
be perpendicular to the direction of the curb
ramp run. Grade breaks shall not be
permitted on the surfaces of curb ramp runs
or landings. Surface slopes that meet at grade
breaks shall be flush.
R304.3.4 Landings. Landings shall be
provided at the bottom of parallel curb
ramps. Landings shall be 48 inches (1220
mm) wide minimum by 48 inches (1220 mm)
long minimum. The slope of the landing,
measured parallel to the direction of travel
on the curb ramp run, shall be permitted to
be equal to or less than the slope of the
roadway or the cross slope of the crosswalk
as specified by R302.5. The cross slope of the
landing shall be 1:48 (2.1%) maximum
measured perpendicular to the direction of
travel on the curb ramp run.
R304.4 Blended Transitions. Blended
transitions shall comply with R304.4 and
R304.5.
R304.4.1 Running Slope. The running
slope of blended transitions shall be 1:20
(5.0%) maximum.
R304.4.2 Cross Slope. The cross slope of
blended transitions shall be equal to or less
than the cross slope of the crosswalk as
specified by R302.5.
R304.4.3 Bypass. Where a blended
transition serving more than one pedestrian
circulation path has a running slope greater
than 1:48 (2.1%), a pedestrian access route
shall be provided so that a pedestrian not
crossing the street may bypass the blended
transition.
R304.5 Common Requirements. Curb
ramps and blended transitions shall comply
with R304.5.
R304.5.1 Width. The width of curb ramp
runs (excluding any flared sides) and
blended transitions shall comply with
R304.5.1.1 or R304.5.1.2, as applicable.
R304.5.1.1 Curb Ramps and Blended
Transitions Not on Shared Use Paths. The
clear width of curb ramp runs (excluding any
flared sides) and blended transitions not on
shared use paths shall be 48 inches (1220
mm) minimum.
R304.5.1.2 Curb Ramps and Blended
Transitions on Shared Use Paths. On shared
use paths, the width of curb ramp runs
(excluding any flared sides) and blended
transitions shall be equal to the width of the
shared use path.
R304.5.2 Change of Grade. At gutters and
streets where a change of grade occurs
adjacent to curb ramps and blended
transitions, the change of grade shall comply
with the requirements contained in (A) or (B)
below:
A. The change of grade shall not exceed
13.3 percent, or
B.A transitional space shall be provided at
the bottom of the running slope of the curb
ramp run or blended transition. The
transitional space shall extend 24 inches (610
mm) minimum in the direction of pedestrian
travel and the full width of the curb ramp
run or blended transition. Transitional spaces
shall have running slopes of 1:48 (2.1%)
maximum and cross slopes no greater than
the cross slope of the crosswalk as specified
by R302.5.
R304.5.3 Crosswalks. Perpendicular curb
ramp runs, parallel curb ramp landings, and
48 inches (1220 mm) minimum width of
blended transitions, except those at shared
use paths, shall be contained wholly within
the width of the crosswalks they serve. At
shared use paths, the full width of a
perpendicular curb ramp run, parallel curb
ramp landing, or the blended transition shall
be contained wholly within the width of the
crosswalk it serves.
R304.5.4 Surfaces. Surfaces of curb
ramps and blended transitions shall comply
with R302.6 exceptthat changes in level are
not permitted.
R305 Detectable Warning Surfaces
R305.1 General. Detectable warning
surfaces shall consist of truncated domes in
a square or radial grid pattern and shall
comply with R305.
R305.1.1 Dome Size. The truncated
domes shall have a base diameter of 0.9
inches (23 mm) minimum and 1.4 inches (36
mm) maximum, a top diameter of 50 percent
of the base diameter minimum and 65
percent of the base diameter maximum, and
a height of 0.2 inches (5.1 mm). When
detectable warning surface tiles are cut to fit,
partial domes are permitted along the cut
edges.
R305.1.2 Dome Spacing. The truncated
domes shall have a center-to-center spacing
of 1.6 inches (41 mm) minimum and 2.4
inches (61 mm) maximum, and a base-to-base
spacing of 0.65 inches (17 mm) minimum,
measured between the most adjacent domes.
Exceptions: 1. When detectable warning
surfaces are cut to fit, center-to-center
spacing measured between domes adjacent to
cut edges shall not exceed twice the normal
spacing between domes not adjacent to cut
edges.
2. Dome spacing requirements do not apply
at a gap in a detectable warning surface at an
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 151 / Tuesday, August 8, 2023 / Rules and Regulations 53657 expansion joint provided that the detectable
warning surface aligns with both edges of the
expansion joint.
R305.1.3 Contrast. Detectable warning
surfaces shall contrast visually with adjacent
walking surfaces, either light-on-dark or
dark-on-light.
R305.1.4 Surface Size. Detectable
warning surfaces shall extend 24 inches (610
mm) minimum in the direction of pedestrian
travel. The width of detectable warning
surfaces shall be as follows:
A. At curb ramps and blended transitions,
detectable warning surfaces shall extend the
full width of the curb ramp run (excluding
any flared sides), blended transition, or
landing.
B.At cut-through pedestrian refuge
islands, detectable warning surfaces shall
extend the full width of the pedestrian
circulation path opening.
C. At pedestrian at-grade rail crossings not
located within a street, detectable warning
surfaces shall extend the full width of the
pedestrian circulation path.
D.Where required at boarding platforms,
detectable warning surfaces shall extend the
full length of the unprotected areas of the
platform.
E.At boarding and alighting areas at
sidewalk or street level transit stops for rail
vehicles, detectable warning surfaces shall
extend the full length of the unprotected area
of the transit stop.
R305.2 Location. The location of
detectable warning surfaces shall comply
with R305.2. Where a concrete border is
required for proper installation of a
detectable warning surface, a concrete border
not exceeding 2 inches (51 mm) shall be
permitted on all sides of the detectable
warning surface except between the
detectable warning surface and the edge of
pavement where a setback is already
permitted.
R305.2.1 Perpendicular Curb Ramps. On
perpendicular curb ramps, detectable
warning surfaces shall be located as follows:
A. Where the ends of the bottom grade
break are in front of the back of curb or at
the edge of pavement where there is no curb,
the detectable warning surface shall be
placed at the back of curb or no greater than
6 inches (150 mm) from the edge of pavement
where there is no curb.
B.Where the ends of the bottom grade
break are behind the back of curb or edge of
pavement where there is no curb and the
distance from both ends of the bottom grade
break to the back of curb or edge of pavement
where there is no curb is 60 inches (1525
mm) or less, the detectable warning surface
shall be placed on the ramp run at the bottom
grade break.
C. Where the ends of the bottom grade
break are behind the back of curb or edge of
pavement where there is no curb and the
distance from either end of the bottom grade
break to the back of curb or edge of pavement
where there is no curb is more than 60 inches
(1525 mm), the detectable warning surface
shall be placed on the clear area so that both
front corners of the detectable warning
surfaces are at the back of curb or no greater
than 6 inches (150 mm) from the edge of
pavement where there is no curb.
R305.2.2 Parallel Curb Ramps. On
parallel curb ramps, detectable warning
surfaces shall be located on the landing at
either the back of curb or the edge of
pavement where there is no curb.
R305.2.3 Blended Transitions. On
blended transitions, detectable warning
surfaces shall be located on the blended
transition so that both front corners of the
detectable warning surfaces are at the back of
curb or no greater than 6 inches (150 mm)
from the edge pavement where there is no
curb.
R305.2.4 Pedestrian Refuge Islands. At
cut-through pedestrian refuge islands,
detectable warning surfaces shall be located
no greater than 6 inches (150 mm)from the
edges of the pedestrian refuge island or at
back of curb and shall be separated by a 24
inch (610 mm) minimum length of surface in
the direction of travel without detectable
warning surfaces.
R305.2.5 Pedestrian At-Grade Rail
Crossings. At pedestrian at-grade rail
crossings not located within a street,
detectable warning surfaces shall be located
on each side of the rail crossing. The edge of
the detectable warning surface nearest the
rail crossing shall be 6 feet (1.8 m) minimum
and 15 feet (4.6 m) maximum from the
centerline of the nearest rail. Where
pedestrian gates are provided, detectable
warning surfaces shall be located on the side
of the gate opposite the rail. Pedestrian gates
shall not overlap detectable warning
surfaces.
R305.2.6 Boarding Platforms. At boarding
platforms for transit vehicles, detectable
warning surfaces shall be located at the
boarding edge of the platform.
Exception: Where a curb is present at the
boarding edge of the platform, the detectable
warning surface may be placed at the back of
curb.
R305.2.7 Sidewalk and Street-Level Rail
Boarding and Alighting Areas. At boarding
and alighting areas atsidewalk or street-level
transit stops for rail vehicles, detectable
warning surfaces shall be located at the edge
of the boarding and alighting area closest to
the rail vehicles.
R305.2.8 Driveways. Where driveways are
controlled with yield or stop control devices
or traffic signals, detectable warning surfaces
shall be provided on the pedestrian
circulation path where the pedestrian
circulation path meets the driveway.
R306 Crosswalks
R306.1 General. Crosswalks shall comply
with R306.
R306.2 Pedestrian Signal Phase Timing.
Where a traffic control signal with pedestrian
signal indications is provided at a crosswalk,
pedestrian signal phase timing shall be based
on a pedestrian clearance time that is
calculated using a pedestrian walking speed
of 3.5 ft/s (1.1 m/s) or less from the location
of the pedestrian push button to a pedestrian
refuge island or the far side of the traveled
way. The walk interval shall be 7 seconds
minimum. Where the pedestrian clearance
time is calculated to a pedestrian refuge
island, an additional pedestrian push button
or passive detection device shall be provided
on the pedestrian refuge island.
Exception: If a passive pedestrian detection
device is used to automatically adjust the
pedestrian clearance time based on the
pedestrian’s actual clearance of the
crosswalk, a faster walking speed may be
used.
R306.3 Accessible Walk Indication. An
accessible walk indication complying with
R308.2 shall have the same duration as the
walk interval.
Exception: Where the pedestrian signal
rests in walk, the accessible walk indication
may be limited to the first 7 seconds of the
walk interval. If the pedestrian signal is
resting in walk and there is sufficient time
remaining to provide an accessible walk
interval before the beginning of the
pedestrian change interval, the accessible
walk indication may be recalled by a button
press.
R306.4 Roundabouts. Where pedestrian
circulation paths are provided at
roundabouts, they shall comply with R306.4.
R306.4.1 Edge Detection. The street side
edge of the pedestrian circulation path at the
approach and along the circulatory roadway
of the roundabout shall comply with
R306.4.1.1 where not attached to the curb, or
R306.4.1.2 where attached to the curb.
Detectable warning surfaces shall not be used
for roundabout edge detection.
R306.4.1.1 Separation. Where pedestrian
crossing is not intended, the pedestrian
circulation path shall be separated from the
curb, crosswalk to crosswalk, with
landscaping or other nonprepared surface 24
inches (610 mm) wide minimum.
R306.4.1.2 Vertical Edge Treatment.
Where pedestrian crossing is not intended, a
curb-attached pedestrian circulation path
shall have a continuous and detectable
vertical edge treatment along the street side
of the pedestrian circulation path, from
crosswalk to crosswalk. The bottom edge of
the vertical edge treatment shall be 15 inches
(380 mm) maximum above the pedestrian
circulation path.
R306.4.2 Crosswalk Treatments. Each
multi-lane segment of the roundabout
containing a crosswalk shall provide a
crosswalk treatment consisting of one or
more ofthe following: a traffic control signal
with a pedestrian signal head; a pedestrian
hybrid beacon; a pedestrian actuated
rectangular rapid flashing beacon; or a raised
crossing.
R306.5 Channelized Turn Lanes.
Crosswalks at multi-lane channelized turn
lanes shall provide treatments consisting of
one or more of the following: a traffic control
signal with a pedestrian signal head; a
pedestrian hybrid beacon; a pedestrian
actuated rectangular rapid flashing beacon; or
a raised crossing.
R307 Pedestrian Push Buttons and Passive
Pedestrian Detection
R307.1 General. Pedestrian push buttons
and passive pedestrian detection devices
shall comply with R307. Operable parts of
pedestrian push buttons shall comply with
R403.
R307.2 Activation. Pedestrian push
buttons and passive detection devices shall
activate the accessible pedestrian signals
and, where applicable, the walk interval.
53658 Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 151 / Tuesday, August 8, 2023 / Rules and Regulations R307.3 Extended Push Button Press.
Where an extended push button press is used
to provide any additional features, a push
button press of less than one second shall
actuate only the pedestrian timing and any
associated accessible walk indication, and a
push button press of one second or more
shall actuate the pedestrian timing, any
associated accessible walk indication, and
any additional features. If additional crossing
time is provided by means of an extended
pushbutton press, a sign so indicating shall
be mounted adjacent to or integral with the
pedestrian push button.
R307.4 Location. Pedestrian push buttons
shall be located no greater than 5 feet from
the side of a curb ramp run or the edge of
the farthest associated crosswalk line from
the center of the intersection. Pedestrian
push buttons shall be located between 1.5
and 10 feet from the edge of the curb or
pavement.
R307.4.1 Two Pedestrian Push Buttons on
Same Corner. Where two pedestrian push
buttons are provided on the same corner,
they shall be 10 feet or more apart.
Exception: In alterations, where
technically infeasible to provide 10 feet
separation between pedestrian push buttons
on the same corner, a pedestrian push button
information message complying with
R308.3.2 shall be provided.
R307.5 Push Button Orientation. The face
of the push button shall be parallel to its
associated crosswalk.
R307.6 Audible and Vibrotactile Walk
Indications for Pedestrian Signal Heads.
Pedestrian push buttons or passive detection
devices shall activate audible and vibrotactile
walk indications complying with R308.
R307.7 Audible and Vibrotactile
Indication for Pedestrian Activated Warning
Devices Without a Walk Indication. Where a
pedestrian push button or a passive detection
device is provided for pedestrian activated
warning devices, such as rectangular rapid
flashing beacons, the pedestrian push button
or passive detection device shall activate a
speech message that indicates the status of
the beacon in lieu of an audible walk
indication.The speech message volume shall
comply with R308.4. Where a pedestrian
push button is provided, it shall not include
vibrotactile features indicating a walk
interval.
R307.8 Locator Tone. Pedestrian push
buttons shall incorporate a locator tone
complying with R307.8.
R307.8.1 Duration. Locator tones shall
have a duration of 0.15 seconds or less and
repeat at one-second intervals except when
another audible indication from the same
device is active. When another audible
indication from the same device is active, the
locator tone shall be silenced.
Exception: A locator tone may be silenced
if a passive detection system activates the
locator tone when a pedestrian is within a
12-foot radius of the pedestrian push button.
R307.8.2 Locator Tone in Response to
Ambient Sound. Pedestrian push button
locator tones shall be intensity responsive to
ambient sound and shall be audible 6 to 12
feet from the push button, or to the building
line, whichever is less. The push button
locator tone shall be louder than ambient
sound up to a maximum volume of 5 dBA
louder than ambient sound. Automatic
volume adjustment in response to ambient
traffic sound level shall be a maximum
volume of 100 dBA.
R307.8.3 Locator Tone and Audible
Beaconing. Where audible beaconing is used,
the volume of the push button locator tone
during the pedestrian change interval of the
called pedestrian phase shall be increased
and operated in one of the following ways:
A. The louder audible walk indication and
louder locator tone comes from the far end
of the crosswalk, as pedestrians cross the
street;
B. The louder locator tone comes from both
ends of the crosswalk; or
C. The louder locator tone comes from an
additional speaker that is aimed at the center
of the crosswalk and that is mounted on a
pedestrian signal head.
R307.8.4 Locator Tone and Traffic
Control Signal in Flashing Mode. When the
traffic control signal is operating in a flashing
mode, pedestrian push button locator tones
shall remain active, and the pedestrian push
button shall activate a speech message that
communicates the operating mode of the
traffic control signal. Where traffic control
signals or pedestrian hybrid beacons are
activated from a flashing or dark mode to a
stop-and-go mode by pedestrian actuations, a
speech message communicating the operating
status of the traffic control signal is not
required.
R307.9 Tactile Arrow. Pedestrian push
buttons shall have a tactile arrow with high
visual contrast that is aligned parallel to the
direction of travel on their associated
crosswalks.
R308 Accessible Pedestrian Signal Walk
Indications
R308.1 General. Accessible pedestrian
signal walk indications shall comply with
R308.
R308.2 Audible and Vibrotactile Walk
Indications. Accessible pedestrian signals
shall have an audible and vibrotactile walk
indication during the walk interval only. The
audible walk indication shall be audible from
the beginning of the associated crosswalk.
Following the audible and vibrotactile walk
indication and during the pedestrian change
interval, accessible pedestrian signals shall
revert to the pedestrian push button locator
tone.
R308.3 Audible Walk Indications.
Audible walk indications shall comply with
R308.3.
R308.3.1 Percussive Tone. Where an
accessible pedestrian signal is provided at a
single crossing or where two accessible
pedestrian signals are 10 feet or greater from
each other at a corner, the audible walk
indication shall be a percussive tone and
repeat eight to ten ticks per second with
multiple frequencies and a dominant
component at 880 Hz.
R308.3.2 Speech Walk Message. In
alterations, where it is technically infeasible
to provide 10 feet separation between
pedestrian push buttons on the same corner,
the audible walk indication for each signal
shall be a speech walk message that complies
with R308.3.2.
R308.3.2.1 Speech Information Message
when Walk Interval is Not Timing. Where
speech push button information messages are
made available at a pretimed signal or by
actuating the accessible pedestrian push
button or passive detection device, they shall
only be actuated when the walk interval is
not timing. They shall begin with the term
‘‘Wait,’’ followed by intersection
identification information modeled after:
‘‘Wait to cross Broadway at Grand.’’ If
information on intersection signalization or
geometry is also given, it shall follow the
intersection identification information.
R308.3.2.2 Speech Walk Message during
Pedestrian Phasing Concurrent with
Vehicular Phasing. Speech walk messages
that are used at intersections having
pedestrian phasing that is concurrent with
vehicular phasing shall be patterned after the
model: ‘‘Broadway. Walk sign is on to cross
Broadway.’’
R308.3.2.3 Speech Walk Message during
Exclusive Pedestrian Phasing. Speech walk
messages that are used at intersections
having exclusive pedestrian phasing shall be
patterned after the model: ‘‘Walk sign is on
for all crossings.’’
R308.3.2.4 Speech Walk Message and
Pilot Light. If a pilot light is used at an
accessible pedestrian signal location, each
actuation shall be accompanied by the
speech message, ‘‘Wait.’’
R308.4 Volume. Audible walk indications
shall be louder than ambient sound up to a
maximum volume of 5 dBA louder than
ambient sound. Automatic volume
adjustment in response to ambient traffic
sound level shall be a maximum volume of
100 dBA.
Exception: Where audible beaconing is
provided in response to an extended push
button press, the beaconing can exceed 5
dBA louder than ambient sound.
R308.5 Vibrotactile Walk Indication. The
pedestrian push button shall vibrate during
the walk interval.
R309 Transit Stops and Transit Shelters
R309.1 Transit Stops. Transit stops shall
comply with R309.1.
R309.1.1 Boarding and Alighting Areas.
Boarding and alighting areas atsidewalk or
street-level transit stops must serve each
accessible vehicle entry and exit and shall
comply with R309.1.1 and R309.1.3.
R309.1.1.1 Dimensions. Boarding and
alighting areas shall have a clear length of 96
inches (2440 mm) minimum, measured
perpendicular to the face of the curb or street
edge, and a clear width of 60 inches (1525
mm) minimum, measured parallel to the
street.
R309.1.1.2 Slope. The slope of boarding
and alighting areas measured parallel to the
street shall be the same as the grade of the
street. The slope of boarding and alighting
areas measured perpendicular to the street
shall be 1:48 (2.1%) maximum.
R309.1.2 Boarding Platforms. Boarding
platforms at transit stops shall comply with
R309.1.2 and R309.1.3.
R309.1.2.1 Platform and Vehicle Floor
Coordination. Boarding platforms shall be
positioned to coordinate with vehicles in
accordance with the applicable requirements
in 49 CFR parts 37 and 38.
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 151 / Tuesday, August 8, 2023 / Rules and Regulations 53659 R309.1.2.2 Slope. The slope of the
boarding platform measured parallel to the
track or street shall be the same as the grade
of the track or street. The slope of the
boarding platform measured perpendicular to
the track or street shall be 1:48 (2.1%)
maximum.
R309.1.3 Common Requirements.
Boarding and alighting areas and boarding
platforms shall comply with R309.1.3.
R309.1.3.1 Surfaces. The surfaces of
boarding and alighting areas and boarding
platforms shall comply with R302.6.
R309.1.3.2 Connection to Existing
Pedestrian Circulation Paths. In alterations,
boarding and alighting areas and boarding
platforms shall be connected to existing
pedestrian circulation paths by pedestrian
access routes complying with R302.
R309.2 Transit Shelters. Transit shelters
shall comply with R309.2.
R309.2.1 Connection to Boarding and
Alighting Areas. Transit shelters shall be
connected by pedestrian access routes
complying with R302 to boarding and
alighting areas complying with R309.1.1 or
boarding platforms complying with R309.1.2.
R309.2.2 Clear Space. Transit shelters
shall provide a minimum clear space
complying with R404 entirely within the
shelter.Where seating is provided within
transit shelters, the clear space shall be
located either at one end of a seat or so as
to not overlap the area within 18 inches (455
mm) from the front edge of the seat.
R309.2.3 Environmental Controls. Where
provided, environmental controls within
transit shelters shall be proximity-actuated.
R309.2.4 Protruding Objects. Protruding
objects within transit shelters shall comply
with R402.
R310 On-Street Parking Spaces
R310.1 General. On-street parking spaces
shall comply with R310.
R310.2 Parallel On-Street Parking Spaces.
Parallel on-street parking spaces shall
comply with R310.2.
R310.2.1 Dimensions. Parallel on-street
parking spaces shall be 24 feet (7.3 m) long
minimum and 13 feet (4.0 m) wide
minimum. Parallel on-street parking spaces
shall not encroach on the traveled way.
Exceptions: 1. Where parallel on-street
parking spaces are altered but the adjacent
pedestrian circulation path is not, any
accessible parallel on-street parking spaces
provided may have the same dimensions as
the adjacent parallel on-street parking spaces
if they are provided nearest the crosswalk at
the end of the block face or nearest a
midblock crosswalk, and a curb ramp or
blended transition is provided serving the
crosswalk.
2. In alterations, where providing parallel
on-street parking spaces with the dimensions
specified in R310.2.1 would result in an
available right-of-way width less than or
equal to 9 feet (2.7 m), measured from the
curb line to the right-of-way line, the
accessible parallel on-street parking spaces
may have the same dimensions as the
adjacent parallel on-street parking spaces if
they are provided nearestthe crosswalk atthe
end of the block face or nearest a midblock
crosswalk, and a curb ramp or blended
transition is provided serving the crosswalk.
R310.2.2 Pedestrian Access Route
Connection. Parallel on-street parking spaces
shall connect to pedestrian access routes.
Where curb ramps and blended transitions
are used, they shall not reduce the required
width or length of the parking spaces and
shall be located at either end of the parking
space. Where two or more accessible parallel
on-street parking spaces complying with the
dimensions specified in R310.2.1 are
contiguous on a block face, each accessible
parallel on-street parking space shall have an
independent connection to the pedestrian
access route. Curb ramps and blended
transitions shall be provided in accordance
with R203.6.1.3 and shall comply with R304.
Detectable warning surfaces are not required
on curb ramps and blended transitions used
exclusively to connect accessible on-street
parallel parking spaces to pedestrian access
routes.
Exception: In alterations, where parallel
on-street parking spaces are provided in
accordance with Exception 1 or 2 to
R310.2.1, the parallel on-street parking space
shall be connected to the curb ramp or
blended transition serving the crosswalk by
a pedestrian circulation path complying with
R302.6, except that changes in level are not
permitted.
R310.2.3 Surfaces. Surfaces of parking
spaces shall comply with R302.6, except that
changes in level are not permitted.
R310.2.4 Clearance Adjacent to Parking
Spaces. The center 50 percent of the length
of the sidewalk, or other surface, adjacent to
an accessible parallel parking space shall be
free of obstructions, including parking
identification signs, parking pay meters, and
parking pay stations, and shall comply with
R302.6.
R310.2.5 Identification. Parallel on-street
parking spaces shall be identified by signs
displaying the International Symbol of
Accessibility complying with R411. Signs
shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum
above the ground surface measured to the
bottom of the sign.
R310.3 Perpendicular Parking Spaces.
Perpendicular parking spaces shall comply
with R310.3.
R310.3.1 Access Aisles. Perpendicular
on-street parking spaces shall have adjacent
access aisles 96 inches (2440 mm) wide
minimum extending the full length of the
parking space. One access aisle shall be
permitted to serve two parking spaces where
front and rear entry parking are both
permitted. Where an access aisle serves only
one parking space and parking is restricted
to either front entry or rear entry orientation,
the access aisle shall be located on the
passenger side of the vehicle.
R310.4 Angled Parking Spaces.
Accessible angled parking spaces shall
comply with R310.4.
R310.4.1 Width. The width of an angled
parking space shall be 132 inches (3350 mm).
R310.4.2 Access Aisles. Each angled onstreet parking space shall have an adjacent access aisle 60 inches (1525 mm) wide
minimum extending the full length of the
parking space on the passenger side.
R310.5 Common Requirements for
Perpendicular and Angled Parking Spaces.
Perpendicular and angled parking spaces
shall comply with R310.5.
R310.5.1 Access Aisle Markings. The
access aisle surface shall be marked to
discourage parking in the access aisle.
R310.5.2 Access Aisle Location. Access
aisles shall be located at the same level as the
parking space they serve and shall not
encroach on the traveled way.
R310.5.3 Pedestrian Access Route
Connection. Access aisles shall connect to
pedestrian access routes. Where curb ramps
and blended transitions are used, they shall
not reduce the required width or length of
access aisles and parking spaces. Curb ramps
and blended transitions shall be provided in
accordance with R203.6.1.4 and shall comply
with R304. A detectable warning surface is
not required on a curb ramp or blended
transition used exclusively to connect onstreet parking access aisles to pedestrian access routes.
Exception: In alterations, the access aisle
may connect to an existing pedestrian
circulation path in accordance with R202.2.
R310.5.4 Surfaces. Surfaces of parking
spaces and access aisles serving them shall
comply with R302.6, except that changes in
level are not permitted.
R310.5.5 Identification. Perpendicular or
angled on-street parking spaces shall be
identified by signs displaying the
International Symbol of Accessibility
complying with R411. The signs shall be
located at the head of the parking space.
Signs shall be 60 inches (1525 mm)
minimum above the ground surface
measured to the bottom of the sign.
R310.6 Parking Meters and Parking Pay
Stations. Parking meters and parking pay
stations that serve accessible parking spaces
shall provide operable parts complying with
R403. The clear space required by R403.2
shall be located so that displays and
information on parking meters and pay
stations are visible from a point located 40
inches (1015 mm) maximum above the center
of the clear space in front of the parking
meter or parking pay station.
R311 Passenger Loading Zones
R311.1 General. Accessible passenger
loading zones shall comply with R311.
R311.2 Vehicle Pull-Up Space. Accessible
passenger loading zones shall provide a
vehicular pull-up space that is 96 inches
(2440 mm) wide minimum and 20 feet (6.1
m) long minimum.
R311.3 Access Aisle. Vehicle pull-up
spaces shall have adjacent access aisles
complying with R311.3 that are 60 inches
(1525 mm) wide minimum extending the full
length of the vehicle pull-up space. Access
aisles shall be at the same level as the vehicle
pull-up space they serve and shall not
encroach on the traveled way.
R311.3.1 Clearance Adjacent to
Passenger Loading Zone. The center 50
percent ofthe length ofthe sidewalk, or other
surface, adjacent to an accessible passenger
loading zone shall be free of obstructions and
comply with R302.6.
R311.3.2 Marking. Access aisle surfaces
shall be marked to discourage parking in
them.
R311.4 Surfaces. Surfaces of vehicle pullup spaces and the access aisles serving them shall comply with R302.6, except that
changes in level are not permitted.
53660 Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 151 / Tuesday, August 8, 2023 / Rules and Regulations R311.5 Pedestrian Access Route
Connection. Access aisles shall connect to
pedestrian access routes. Where curb ramps
and blended transitions are used, they shall
be provided in accordance with R203.6.1.4
and comply with R304, and shall not reduce
the required width or length of access aisles.
Detectable warning surfaces are not required
on curb ramps and blended transitions used
exclusively to connect access aisles to
pedestrian access routes.
Exception: In alterations, the access aisle
may connect to an existing pedestrian
circulation path in accordance with R202.2.
Chapter 4: Supplemental Technical
Requirements
R401 General
R401.1 Scope. The supplemental
technical requirements in Chapter 4 shall
apply where required by Chapter 2 or where
referenced by a requirement in these
guidelines.
R402 Protruding Objects and Vertical
Clearance
R402.1 General. Protruding objects and
vertical clearance shall comply with R402.
R402.2 Protrusion Limits. Objects with
leading edges more than 27 inches (685 mm)
and less than 80 inches (2030 mm) above the
walking surface shall not protrude
horizontally more than 4 inches (100 mm)
into pedestrian circulation paths.
Exception: Handrails shall be permitted to
protrude 41⁄2 inches (115 mm) maximum.
R402.3 Post-Mounted Objects. Where
objects are mounted on posts or pylons, they
shall comply with R402.3.
Exception: The sloping portions of
handrails serving stairs and ramps shall not
be required to comply with R402.3.
R402.3.1 Objects Mounted on Single Post
or Pylon. Where objects are mounted on a
single post or pylon and the objects are more
than 27 inches (685 mm) and less than 80
inches (2030 mm) above the walking surface,
the objects shall not protrude into the
pedestrian circulation path more than 4
inches (100 mm) measured horizontally from
the post or pylon or more than 4 inches
(100mm) measured horizontally from the
outside edge of the base where the base
height is 21⁄2 inches (64 mm) minimum.
R402.3.2 Objects Mounted Between Posts
or Pylons. Where objects are mounted
between posts or pylons and the clear
distance between the posts or pylons is
greater than 12 inches (305 mm), the lowest
edge of the object shall be 27 inches (685
mm) maximum or 80 inches (2030 mm)
minimum above the walking surface.
Exception: Objects mounted with the
lowest edge greater than 27 inches (685 mm)
and less than 80 inches (2030 mm) above the
walking surface are permitted if a barrier
with its lowest edge at 27 inches (685 mm)
maximum above the walking surface is
provided between the posts or pylons.
R402.4 Vertical Clearance. Vertical
clearance shall be 80 inches (2030 mm) high
minimum. Guards or other barriers to
prohibit pedestrian travel shall be provided
where the vertical clearance is less than 80
inches (2030 mm) high above the walking
surface. The lowest edge of the guard or
barrier shall be located 27 inches (685 mm)
maximum above the walking surface.
R402.5 Required Clear Width. Protruding
objects shall not reduce the clear width
required for pedestrian access routes.
R403 Operable Parts
R403.1 General. Operable parts shall
comply with R403.
R403.2 Clear Space. A clear space
complying with R404 shall be provided at
operable parts.
R403.3 Height. Operable parts shall be
placed within one or more of the reach
ranges specified in R406.
R403.4 Operation. Operable parts shall
be operable with one hand and shall not
require tight grasping, pinching, or twisting
of the wrist. The force required to activate
operable parts shall be 5 pounds (22.2 N)
maximum.
R404 Clear Spaces
R404.1 General. Clear spaces shall
comply with R404.
R404.2 Surfaces. Surfaces of clear spaces
shall comply with R302.6. The slope of the
clear space shall be 1:48 (2.1%) maximum in
both directions.
Exception: Where the slope of the clear
space would exceed 1:48 (2.1%) in either or
both directions due to the grade of an
adjacent pedestrian access route conforming
to the requirements of R302.4, the slope of
the clear space may be consistent with the
slope of the pedestrian access route.
R404.3 Size. Clear spaces shall be 30
inches (760 mm) minimum by 48 inches
(1220 mm) minimum.
R404.4 Knee and Toe Clearance. Unless
otherwise specified, clear spaces shall be
permitted to include knee and toe clearance
complying with R405.
R404.5 Position. Clear spaces shall be
positioned either for forward approach where
the 30-inch side is nearest to the element, or
for parallel approach where the 48-inch side
is nearest to the element. Clear spaces shall
not be located on curb ramp runs or flares.
R404.6 Approach. One full unobstructed
side of a clear space shall adjoin a pedestrian
access route or adjoin another clear space.
R404.7 Maneuvering Clearance. Where a
clear space is confined on all or part of three
sides, additional maneuvering clearance shall
be provided in accordance with R404.7.1 and
R404.7.2.
R404.7.1 Forward Approach. The clear
space and additional maneuvering clearance
shall be 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum
where the depth of the confined space
exceeds 24 inches (610 mm) measured
perpendicular to the element.
R404.7.2 Parallel Approach. The clear
space and additional maneuvering clearance
shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum
where the depth of the confined space
exceeds 15 inches (380 mm) measured
perpendicular to the element.
R405 Knee and Toe Clearance
R405.1 General. Where space beneath an
element is included as part of a clear space,
the space shall comply with R405.
Additional space shall not be prohibited
beneath an element but shall not be
considered as part of the clear space.
R405.2 Toe Clearance. Toe clearance
shall comply with R405.2.
R405.2.1 General. Space under an
element between the ground surface and 9
inches (230 mm) above the ground surface
shall be considered toe clearance and shall
comply with R405.2.
R405.2.2 Maximum Depth. Toe clearance
shall extend 25 inches (635 mm) maximum
under an element.
R405.2.3 Minimum Required Depth.
Where toe clearance is required at an element
as part of a clear space, the toe clearance
shall extend 17 inches (430 mm) minimum
under the element.
R405.2.4 Additional Clearance. Space
extending greater than 6 inches (150 mm)
beyond the available knee clearance at 9
inches above the ground surface shall not be
considered toe clearance.
R405.2.5 Width. Toe clearance shall be 30
inches (760 mm) wide minimum.
R405.3 Knee Clearance. Knee clearance
shall comply with R405.3.
R405.3.1 General. Space under an
element between 9 inches (230 mm) and 27
inches (685 mm) above the ground surface
shall be considered knee clearance and shall
comply with R405.3.
R405.3.2 Maximum Depth. Knee
clearance shall extend 25 inches (635 mm)
maximum under an element at 9 inches (230
mm) above the ground surface.
R405.3.3 Minimum Required Depth.
Where knee clearance is required under an
element as part of a clear space, the knee
clearance shall be 11 inches (280 mm) deep
minimum at 9 inches (230 mm) above the
ground surface, and 8 inches (205 mm) deep
minimum at 27 inches (685 mm) above the
ground surface.
R405.3.4 Clearance Reduction. Between 9
inches (230 mm) and 27 inches (685mm)
above the ground surface, the knee clearance
shall be permitted to reduce at a rate of 1
inch (25 mm) in depth for each 6 inches (150
mm) in height.
R405.3.5 Width. Knee clearance shall be
30 inches (760 mm) wide minimum.
R406 Reach Ranges
R406.1 General. Reach ranges shall
comply with R406.
R406.2 Reach Range Limits. For forward
and parallel approaches, the high reach shall
be 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum and the
low reach shall be 15 inches (380 mm)
minimum above the ground surface.
R406.3 Obstructions. Obstructed reach
shall comply with R406.3.
R406.3.1 Forward Reach. Where the clear
space is configured solely for a forward
approach to an element, obstructions shall
not be permitted between the clear space and
the element for a forward reach.
R406.3.2 Side Reach. Where a clear space
is configured for a parallel approach to an
element, an obstruction shall be permitted
between the clear space and the element
where the depth of the obstruction is 10
inches (255 mm) maximum and the height of
the obstruction is 34 inches (865 mm)
maximum.
R407 Ramps
R407.1 General. Ramps shall comply
with R407. R407 does not apply to curb
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 151 / Tuesday, August 8, 2023 / Rules and Regulations 53661 ramps or pedestrian access routes following
the grade established for the adjacent street
consistent with the requirements of R302.4.1.
R407.2 Running Slope. The running slope
of each ramp run shall be 1:12 (8.3%)
maximum.
R407.3 Cross Slope. The cross slope of
ramp runs shall be 1:48 (2.1%) maximum.
R407.4 Clear Width. The clear width of a
ramp run shall be 48 inches (1220 mm)
minimum. Where handrails are provided, the
clear width between handrails shall be 48
inches (1220 mm) minimum.
Exception: Where a ramp only serves a
building entrance, the clear width of the
ramp run shall be permitted to be 36 inches
(915 mm) minimum. Where handrails are
provided, the clear width between handrails
shall be permitted to be 36 inches (915 mm)
minimum.
R407.5 Rise. The rise for any ramp run
shall be 30 inches (760 mm) maximum.
R407.6 Landings. Ramps shall have
landings at the top and the bottom of each
ramp run. Landings shall comply with
R407.6.
R407.6.1 Slope. Landing slopes shall be
1:48 (2.1%) maximum parallel and
perpendicular to the ramp running slope.
R407.6.2 Width. The landing clear width
shall be at least as wide as the widest ramp
run leading to the landing.
R407.6.3 Length. The landing clear length
shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) long minimum.
R407.6.4 Change in Direction. Ramps that
change direction between runs at landings
shall have a clear landing 60 inches (1525
mm) minimum by 60 inches (1525 mm)
minimum.
R407.7 Surfaces. Surfaces of ramp runs
and landings shall comply with R302.6,
except that changes in level are not
permitted.
R407.8 Handrails. Ramp runs with a rise
greater than 6 inches (150 mm) shall have
handrails complying with R409.
R407.9 Edge Protection. Edge protection
complying with R407.9.1 or R407.9.2 shall be
provided on each side of ramp runs and each
side oframp landings exceptthose serving an
adjoining ramp run, stairway, or other
pedestrian circulation path.
R407.9.1 Extended Ramp Surface. The
surface of the ramp run or landing shall
extend 12 inches (305 mm) minimum beyond
the inside face of a handrail complying with
R409.
R407.9.2 Curb or Barrier. A curb that is 4
inches (100 mm) high minimum, or a barrier
that prevents the passage of a 4-inch (100
mm) diameter sphere, where any portion of
the sphere is within 4 inches (100 mm) of the
surface of the ramp run or landing, shall be
provided.
R408 Stairs
R408.1 General. Stairs shall comply with
R408.
R408.2 Treads and Risers. All steps on a
flight of stairs shall have uniform riser
heights and uniform tread depths. Risers
shall be 4 inches (100 mm) high minimum
and 7 inches (180 mm) high maximum.
Treads shall be 11 inches (280 mm) deep
minimum.
R408.3 Open Risers. Open risers are not
permitted.
R408.4 Tread Surface. Stair treads shall
comply with R302.6, except that changes in
level are not permitted.
Exception: Treads shall be permitted to
have a slope not steeper than 1:48 (2.1%).
R408.5 Nosings. The radius of curvature
at the leading edge of the tread shall be 1⁄2
inch (13 mm) maximum. Nosings that project
beyond risers shall have the underside of the
leading edge curved or beveled. Risers shall
be permitted to slope under the tread at an
angle of 30 degrees maximum from vertical.
The permitted projection of the nosing shall
extend 11⁄2 inches (38 mm) maximum over
the tread below.
R408.6 Visual Contrast. The leading edge
of each step tread and top landing shall be
marked by a stripe. The stripe shall be 1 inch
(25 mm) wide minimum and shall contrast
visually with the rest of the step tread or
circulation path surface either light-on-dark
or dark-on-light.
R408.7 Handrails. Stairs shall have
handrails complying with R409.
R409 Handrails
R409.1 General. Handrails required at
ramps and stairs, and handrails provided on
pedestrian circulation paths shall comply
with R409. R409 does not apply to curb
ramps.
R409.2 Where Required. Handrails shall
be provided on both sides of ramps and
stairs.
R409.3 Continuity. Handrails shall be
continuous within the full length of each
ramp run or stair flight. Inside handrails on
switchback or dogleg ramps and stairs shall
be continuous between ramp runs or stair
flights.
R409.4 Height. The top of gripping
surfaces of handrails shall be 34 inches (865
mm) minimum and 38 inches (965 mm)
maximum vertically above walking surfaces,
ramp surfaces, and stair nosings. Handrails
shall be at a consistent height above walking
surfaces, ramp surfaces, and stair nosings.
R409.5 Clearance. Clearance between
handrail gripping surfaces and adjacent
surfaces shall be 11⁄2 inches (38 mm)
minimum.
R409.6 Gripping Surface. Handrail
gripping surfaces shall be continuous along
their length and shall not be obstructed along
their tops or sides. The bottoms of handrail
gripping surfaces shall not be obstructed for
more than 20 percent of their length. Where
provided, horizontal projections shall occur
11⁄2 inches (38 mm) minimum below the
bottom of the handrail gripping surface.
R409.7 Cross Section. Handrail gripping
surfaces shall have a cross section complying
with R409.7.1 or R409.7.2. Where expansion
joints are necessary for large spans of
handrails, the expansion joint cross section is
permitted to be smaller than the specified
cross section diameters for 1 inch (25 mm)
maximum in length.
R409.7.1 Circular Cross Section. Handrail
gripping surfaces with a circular cross
section shall have an outside diameter of 11⁄4
inches (32 mm) minimum and 2 inches (51
mm) maximum.
R409.7.2 Non-Circular Cross Section.
Handrail gripping surfaces with a noncircular cross section shall have a perimeter dimension of 4 inches (100 mm) minimum
and 61⁄4 inches (160 mm) maximum, and a
cross-section dimension of 21⁄4 inches (57
mm) maximum.
R409.8 Surfaces. Handrail gripping
surfaces and any surfaces adjacent to them
shall be free of sharp or abrasive elements
and shall have rounded edges.
R409.9 Fittings. Handrails shall not rotate
within their fittings. Where expansion joints
are necessary for large spans of handrails, the
expansion joint is permitted to rotate in its
fitting.
R409.10 Handrail Extensions. Handrail
gripping surfaces shall extend beyond and in
the same direction of ramp runs and stair
flights in accordance with R409.10. Handrail
extensions shall not extend into the roadway
or pedestrian circulation path. In alterations,
if handrail extensions complying with
R409.10 would reduce the clear width of a
pedestrian access route, they shall extend as
far as possible without reducing the clear
width of the pedestrian access route.
Exception: Extensions shall not be required
for continuous handrails at the inside turn of
switchback or dogleg ramps and stairs.
R409.10.1 Top and Bottom Extension at
Ramps. Ramp handrails shall extend
horizontally above the landing for 12 inches
(305 mm) minimum beyond the top and
bottom oframp runs. Extensions shall return
to a wall, guard, or the landing surface, or
shall be continuous to the handrail of an
adjacent ramp run.
R409.10.2 Top Extension at Stairs. At the
top of a stair flight, handrails shall extend
horizontally above the landing for 12 inches
(305 mm) minimum beginning directly above
the first riser nosing. Extensions shall return
to a wall, guard, or the landing surface, or
shall be continuous to the handrail of an
adjacent stair flight.
R409.10.3 Bottom Extension at Stairs. At
the bottom of a stair flight, handrails shall
extend at the slope of the stair flight for a
horizontal distance at least equal to one tread
depth beyond the last riser nosing.
Extensions shall return to a wall, guard, or
the landing surface, or shall be continuous to
the handrail of an adjacent stair flight.
R410 Visual Characters on Signs
R410.1 General. Visual characters on
signs shall comply with R410.
R410.2 Finish and Contrast. Characters
and their background shall have a non-glare
finish. Characters shall contrast with their
background with either light characters on a
dark background or dark characters on a light
background.
R410.3 Case. Characters shall be
uppercase or lowercase or a combination of
both.
R410.4 Style. Characters shall be
conventional in form. Characters shall not be
italic, oblique, script, highly decorative, or of
other unusual forms.
R410.5 Character Proportions. Characters
shall be selected from fonts where the width
of the uppercase letter ‘‘O’’ is 55 percent
minimum and 110 percent maximum of the
height of the uppercase letter ‘‘I’’.
R410.6 Character Height. Minimum
character height shall comply with Table
R410.6. Viewing distance shall be measured
53662 Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 151 / Tuesday, August 8, 2023 / Rules and Regulations as the horizontal distance between the
character and an obstruction preventing
further approach towards the sign. Character
height shall be based on the uppercase letter
‘‘I’’.
R410.6 VISUAL CHARACTER HEIGHT
Height to finish surface from
baseline of character
Horizontal viewing
distance Minimum character height
40 inches (1015 mm) to less than
or equal to 70 inches (1780 mm).
40 inches (1015 mm) to less than
or equal to 70 inches (1780 mm).
Greater than 70 inches (1780 mm)
to less than or equal to 120
inches (3050 mm).
Greater than 70 inches (1780 mm)
to less than or equal to 120
inches (3050 mm).
Greater than 120 inches (3050 mm)
Greater than 120 inches (3050 mm)
Less than 72 inches (1830 mm) ...
72 inches (1830 mm) and greater
Less than 180 inches (4570 mm)
180 inches (4570 mm) and greater
Less than 21 feet (6400 mm) ........
21 feet (6400 mm) and greater .....
5/8 inch (16 mm).
5/8 inch (16 mm), plus 1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) per foot (305 mm) of viewing distance above 72 inches (1830 mm).
2 inches (51 mm).
2 inches (51 mm), plus 1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) per foot (305 mm) of viewing distance above 180 inches (4570 mm). 3 inches (75 mm).
3 inches (75 mm), plus 1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) per foot (305 mm) of viewing distance above 21 feet (6400 mm).
R410.7 Stroke Thickness. Stroke
thickness of the uppercase letter ‘‘I’’ shall be
10 percent minimum and 30 percent
maximum of the height of the character.
R410.8 Character Spacing. Character
spacing shall be measured between the two
closest points of adjacent characters,
excluding word spaces. Spacing between
individual characters shall be 10 percent
minimum and 35 percent maximum of
character height.
[FR Doc. 2023–16149 Filed 8–7–23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8150–01–P
R410.9 Line Spacing. Spacing between
the baselines of separate lines of characters
within a message shall be 135 percent
minimum and 170 percent maximum of the
character height.
R410.10 Height from Ground Surface.
Visual characters shall be 40 inches (1015
mm) minimum above the ground surface.
R411 International Symbol of Accessibility
R411.1 General. The International
Symbol of Accessibility shall comply with
R411 and Figure R411.
R411.2 Finish and Contrast. The symbol
and its background shall have a non-glare
finish. The symbol shall contrast with its
background with either a light symbol on a
dark background or a dark symbol on a light
background.
Figure R411—International Symbol of
Accessibility
URUAPAN
O ST
P ST
H ST TULARE ST FRESNO ST
COLLEGE AVE
M ST
L ST
K ST
J ST
I ST KERN ST VENTURA ST MERCED ST Ref. & Rev.
PROJECT TITLE
SHEET DESCRIPTION Dr. By: Ch. By: Date: Scale: As Noted YH Job No. Sheet No. of Sheets Plot By: Jose Gonzalez Plot Date: 5/31/2022 File Location: F:\2021\21-260\Projects\Downtown ADA Parking Plan\Exhibits\Vicinity Map Exhibit.dwg 2985 N. BURL AVENUE SUITE 101 FRESNO, CA 93727
TEL: (559) 244-3123 WEBSITE: YANDHENGR.COM JGDL 05/31/2022 21-260 1 5
DOWNTON PARKING SURVEY
CITY OF DINUBA
INDEX SHEET INDEX MAP
AVE 416 KEYNOTES: DOWNTON PARKING SURVEY CITY OF DINUBA ALTA
AVE
TULARE ST FRESNO ST
M ST
L ST
K ST MERCED ST Ref. & Rev.
PROJECT TITLE
SHEET DESCRIPTION Dr. By: Ch. By: Date: Scale: As Noted YH Job No. Sheet No. of Sheets Plot By: Jose Gonzalez Plot Date: 5/31/2022 File Location: F:\2021\21-260\Projects\Downtown ADA Parking Plan\Exhibits\Vicinity Map Exhibit.dwg 2985 N. BURL AVENUE SUITE 101 FRESNO, CA 93727
TEL: (559) 244-3123 WEBSITE: YANDHENGR.COM JGDL 05/31/2022 21-260 2 5
DOWNTON PARKING SURVEY
CITY OF DINUBA
SURVEY EXHIBIT SEE SHEET 4
SEE SHEET 3
ALTA
AVE KEYNOTES: LEGEND:
H ST TULARE ST
K ST
J ST
I ST Ref. & Rev.
PROJECT TITLE
SHEET DESCRIPTION Dr. By: Ch. By: Date: Scale: As Noted YH Job No. Sheet No. of Sheets Plot By: Jose Gonzalez Plot Date: 5/31/2022 File Location: F:\2021\21-260\Projects\Downtown ADA Parking Plan\Exhibits\Vicinity Map Exhibit.dwg 2985 N. BURL AVENUE SUITE 101 FRESNO, CA 93727
TEL: (559) 244-3123 WEBSITE: YANDHENGR.COM JGDL 05/31/2022 21-260 3 5
DOWNTON PARKING SURVEY
CITY OF DINUBA
SURVEY EXHIBIT SEE SHEET 5
SEE SHEET 2 MERCED ST TULARE ST KEYNOTES: LEGEND:
AVE 416
URUAPAN
O ST TULARE ST KERN ST VENTURA ST
M ST Ref. & Rev.
PROJECT TITLE
SHEET DESCRIPTION Dr. By: Ch. By: Date: Scale: As Noted YH Job No. Sheet No. of Sheets Plot By: Jose Gonzalez Plot Date: 5/31/2022 File Location: F:\2021\21-260\Projects\Downtown ADA Parking Plan\Exhibits\Vicinity Map Exhibit.dwg 2985 N. BURL AVENUE SUITE 101 FRESNO, CA 93727
TEL: (559) 244-3123 WEBSITE: YANDHENGR.COM JGDL 05/31/2022 21-260 4 5
DOWNTON PARKING SURVEY
CITY OF DINUBA
SURVEY EXHIBIT SEE SHEET 2
SEE SHEET 5
L ST
K ST KEYNOTES: LEGEND:
VENTURA ST
COLLEGE AVE
K ST
J ST
I ST KERN ST Ref. & Rev.
PROJECT TITLE
SHEET DESCRIPTION Dr. By: Ch. By: Date: Scale: As Noted YH Job No. Sheet No. of Sheets Plot By: Jose Gonzalez Plot Date: 5/31/2022 File Location: F:\2021\21-260\Projects\Downtown ADA Parking Plan\Exhibits\Vicinity Map Exhibit.dwg 2985 N. BURL AVENUE SUITE 101 FRESNO, CA 93727
TEL: (559) 244-3123 WEBSITE: YANDHENGR.COM JGDL 05/31/2022 21-260 5 5
DOWNTON PARKING SURVEY
CITY OF DINUBA
SURVEY EXHIBIT
SEE SHEET 4 SEE SHEET 3 TULARE ST KEYNOTES: LEGEND:
Downtown Streetscape - Conceptual Package
City of Dinuba
October 8, 2025
City of Dinuba
Landscape and Art Hardscape
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p - Inspiration
Emperor Grape Color Palette
2 Art Art/ Landscape Flowers Flowers Flowers Concrete Brick Brick Pots/ ADA Domes Site Furnishings
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
- Downtown Character Imagery
3
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
- Furnishings
4
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
- Lighting
5
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
- Paving and Crosswalks
6
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
- Walls and Art
7
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
- Landscape and Pots
8
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
TREES
Pistacia chinensis
Chinese Pistache
Dianella revoluta ‘Little Rev’
Little Rev Flax Lily
Magnolia grandiflora ‘Samuel Sommer’
Samuel Sommer Southern Magnolia
Cercis occidentalis
Western Redbud
Ulmus parvifolia ‘Drake’
Drake Chinese Elm
40’ H X 20’ W
WUCOLS: M
15’ H X 8’ W
WUCOLS: L
45’ H X 35’ W
WUCOLS: M
35’ H X 30’ W
WUCOLS: L
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Hesperaloe parviflora ‘Yellow’
Yellow Yucca
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Westringia fruticosa ‘Blue Gem’
Coast Rosemary
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Sophora secundiflora
Texas Mountain Laurel
15’ H X 8’ W
WUCOLS: L
Gaura lindheimeri
Steffi Dark Rose Gaura
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Agastache hybrid ‘Blue Boa’
Blue Boa Agastache
14” O.C.
WUCOLS: M
Sedum hybrid ‘Lime Zinger’
SunSparkler Lime Zinger Sedum
1’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Sedum ‘TNSEDECF’ PPAF
Evolution Chocolate Fountain Sedum
15” O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Carex divulsa
European Gray Sedge
1.5’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Callistemon ‘Little John’
Little John bottlebrush
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Verbena x ‘Balendakle’
EnduraScape Dark Purple Verbena
1.5’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Salvia ‘Bee’s Bliss’
Bee’s Bliss sage
4’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Carissa macrocarpa ‘Green Carpet’
Green Carpet Natal Plum
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: M
Salvia leucantha ‘Santa Barbara’
Santa Barbara Mexican Bush Sage
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Rhamnus californica ‘Eve Case’
Eve Case Coffeeberry
6’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Rosa x ‘Noare’
Flower Carpet Red Rose
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Rhaphiolepis umbellata
Yeddo Hawthorn
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Penstemon heterophyllus ‘Margarita BOP’
Margarita B.O.P. Foothill Penstemon
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Ilex vomitoria ‘Nana’
Dwarf Yaupon Holly
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: M
Rosa x ‘NOA83100B’
Flower Carpet Scarlet Rose
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Bouteloua gracilis ‘Blonde Ambition’
Blonde Ambition Blue Grama
30” O.C.
WUCOLS: L
SHRUBS & GROUNDCOVER
- Planting Palette 9
0 10 20
NORTH
KEY MAP 40
PLAN VIEW - WINDOW ‘A’
‘A’
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
Bollard
Metal
Fence
Remove
Band
Street
Sign
New Curb Ramp
Charcoal
Truncated
Pavers
Festoon Pole/
Light Pole
Replace Band
with Brick
Waste
Receptacle
Bench
Waste
Receptacle
Bench
Bike
Rack
New Planter/Curb
for landscape and
new Light Pole
New PA
Waste
Receptacle
Bike Rack
Expanded Planter
with Railing
Existing Paving
Protect-In-Place
W. TULARE ST.
W. FRESNO ST.
E. TULARE ST.
N. L ST.
E. FRESNO ST.
New landscape and
irrigation, including new
trees and shrubs Bench
Brick
Crosswalk
N. L ST.
N. L ST. S. L ST. E. TULARE ST. E. FRESNO ST. W. FRESNO ST. E. KERN ST. W. KERN ST. W. TULARE ST. - Concept 1 Plan View
‘A’
10
KEY MAP
PLAN VIEW - WINDOW ‘B’
‘B’
- Concept 1 Plan View
0 10 20
NORTH
40 Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
S. L ST.
W. KERN ST. E. KERN ST.
New PA Festoon Pole/ Light Pole
Charcoal
Truncated
Pavers
New Brick
Paving
Existing Rock Wall with
New Stone or Brick Cap
New
Bollards
S. L ST.
Brick Crosswalk
N. L ST. S. L ST. E. TULARE ST. E. FRESNO ST. W. FRESNO ST. E. KERN ST. W. KERN ST. W. TULARE ST. ‘B’
11
NORTH NORTH
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
KEY MAP
E. FRESNO
ST.
N. L ST. S. L ST. E. TULARE ST.
W. FRESNO
ST.
E. KERN
ST.
W. KERN
ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
City of Dinuba
- Concept 1 Perspective View
1 Proposed Alleyway Northeast of N. L Street
1 Existing Alleyway Northeast of N. L Street
1 12
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
NORTH
KEY MAP
N. L ST. S. L ST. E. TULARE ST.
W. FRESNO
ST.
E. KERN
ST.
W. KERN
ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
E. FRESNO
ST.
Existing Streetview of N. L St. and E. Tulare St.
- Concept 1 Perspective View
Proposed Streetview of N. L St. and E. Tulare St.
W. TULARE STREET
E. TULARE STREET
N. L
STREET
N. L
STREET
E. TULARE
STREET
W. TULARE STREET
13 2
2 2
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
Existing Streetview of N. L Street
Proposed Streetview of N. L Street
3 E. TULARE
ST.
E. FRESNO
ST.
KEY MAP
N. L ST. S. L ST.
W. FRESNO
ST.
E. KERN
ST.
W. KERN
ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
3 N. L STREET
N. L STREET
- Concept 1 Perspective View
3 14
NORTH
PLAN VIEW - WINDOW ‘A’
KEY MAP
‘A’
0 10 20
NORTH
40 Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
E. FRESNO ST.
N. L ST.
E. TULARE ST.
W. FRESNO ST.
W. TULARE ST.
New Classic
Light Poles
and Fixtures
with Festoon
Lighting
Existing Paving
Protect-In-Place
New and
Expanded
Tree Wells with
Shrubs and
Low Fence
Existing Paving
Protect-In-Place
Replace Cap
with Gray
Stone or Red
Brick
Irrigated Precast
Pots in groups of 2
or 3
New Brick Paving to
Replace Existing
New Black Metal
6’ Benches and
Waste/ Recycle
Receptacles
New Planters at
Corners to slow
Cars/ Pedestrian
Centric Design
Expanded
Bus Stop
Bollards with Low
Landscape at Corners
N. L ST. S. L ST. E. TULARE ST. E. FRESNO ST. W. FRESNO ST. E. KERN ST. W. KERN ST. W. TULARE ST. - Concept 2 Plan View
‘A’
15
KEY MAP
PLAN VIEW - WINDOW ‘B’
‘B’
- Concept 2 Plan View
0 10 20
NORTH
40 Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
S. L ST.
W. KERN ST. E. KERN ST.
Directional
Access Ramps
New
Driveway
Ramp
New Landscape and
Irrigation including
Tree and Shrubs
Charcoal Truncated
Pavers at Ramps
Festoon Lighting
on New Legacy/
Light Poles
Brick Band
Transition to
Existing Paving
Replace Pink
Band with Red
Brick
New Bike
Rack
Natural
Concrete Paved
Intersection
Custom High Visibility
Crosswalk with Bold Color
N. L ST. S. L ST. E. TULARE ST. E. FRESNO ST. W. FRESNO ST. E. KERN ST. W. KERN ST. W. TULARE ST. ‘B’
16
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
- Concept 2 Perspective ViewE. TULARE ST. E. FRESNO ST.
KEY MAP
N. L ST. S. L ST.
W. FRESNO
ST.
E. KERN
ST.
W. KERN
ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
1 Proposed Alleyway Northeast of N. L Street
1 Existing Alleyway Northeast of N. L Street
1 17
NORTH
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
- Concept 2 Perspective ViewE. TULARE ST. E. FRESNO ST.
KEY MAP
N. L ST. S. L ST.
W. FRESNO
ST.
E. KERN
ST.
W. KERN
ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
Existing Streetview of N. L St. and E. Tulare St.
Proposed Streetview of N. L St. and E. Tulare St.
W. TULARE STREET
E. TULARE STREET
N. L
STREET
N. L
STREET
E. TULARE
STREET
W. TULARE STREET
18 2
NORTH
2 2
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
- Concept 2 Perspective ViewE. TULARE ST. E. FRESNO ST.
KEY MAP
N. L ST. S. L ST.
W. FRESNO
ST.
E. KERN
ST.
W. KERN
ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
Existing Streetview of N. L Street
Proposed Streetview of N. L Street
3 3
3 N. L STREET
N. L STREET
19 NORTH
0 2.5 5
NORTH
10 KEY MAP
PLAN VIEW
‘A’ PLANTER ENLARGMENT
PLANTING PALETTE FOR PLANTER
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
N. L ST. S. L ST. E. TULARE ST.
E. FRESNO
ST.
W. FRESNO
ST.
E. KERN
ST.
W. KERN
ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
- Alternate ‘A’
20 Salvia leucantha ‘Santa Barbara’
Santa Barbara Mexican Bush Sage
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Bouteloua gracilis ‘Blonde Ambition’
Blonde Ambition Blue Grama
30” O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Verbena x ‘Balendakle’
EnduraScape Dark Purple Verbena
1.5’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Gaura lindheimeri
Steffi Dark Rose Gaura
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Carissa macrocarpa ‘Green Carpet’
Green Carpet Natal Plum
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: M
Rhaphiolepis umbellata
Yeddo Hawthorn
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Penstemon heterophyllus ‘Margarita BOP’
Margarita B.O.P. Foothill Penstemon
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Salvia ‘Bee’s Bliss’
Bee’s Bliss sage
4’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Dianella revoluta ‘Little Rev’
Little Rev Flax Lily
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Carex divulsa
European Gray Sedge
1.5’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Salvia
‘Bee’s Bliss’
Salvia leucantha ‘Santa Barbara’
Penstemon heterophyllus
‘Margarita BOP’, Typ.
Carex
divulsa, Typ.
Gaura lindheimeri
Rhaphiolepis umbellata, Typ.
Bouteloua gracilis
‘Blonde Ambition’
Carissa macrocarpa
‘Green Carpet’, Typ.
Verbena x
‘Balendakle’, Typ.
N. L ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
Dianella revoluta ‘Little
Rev’
Tube Steel Fence Posts
at 6’ O.C. (24” Ht.)
W. TULARE
ST.
N. L ST.
Existing
Tree
0 2.5 5
NORTH
10 KEY MAP
PLAN VIEW
‘A’ PLANTER ENLARGMENT
PLANTING PALETTE FOR PLANTER
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
N. L ST. S. L ST. E. TULARE ST.
E. FRESNO
ST.
W. FRESNO
ST.
E. KERN
ST.
W. KERN
ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
- Alternate ‘B’
21 Salvia leucantha ‘Santa Barbara’
Santa Barbara Mexican Bush Sage
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Verbena x ‘Balendakle’
EnduraScape Dark Purple Verbena
1.5’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Carissa macrocarpa ‘Green Carpet’
Green Carpet Natal Plum
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: M
Dianella revoluta ‘Little Rev’
Little Rev Flax Lily
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Carex divulsa
European Gray Sedge
1.5’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Rosa x ‘Noare’
Salvia leucantha ‘Santa
Barbara’, Typ.
Carex
divulsa, Typ.
Agastache hybrid
‘Blue Boa’, Typ.
Ilex vomitoria ‘Nana’, Typ.
Dianella revoluta
‘Little Rev’, Typ.
Verbena x ‘Balendakle’,
Typ.
Carissa macrocarpa
‘Green Carpet’
N. L ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
Sedum hybrid ‘Lime
Zinger’
Tube Steel Fence Posts
at 6’ O.C. (24” Ht.)
W. TULARE
ST.
N. L ST.
Existing
Tree
Ilex vomitoria ‘Nana’
Dwarf Yaupon Holly
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: M
Sedum hybrid ‘Lime Zinger’
SunSparkler Lime Zinger Sedum
1’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Agastache hybrid ‘Blue Boa’
Blue Boa Agastache
14” O.C.
WUCOLS: M
Rosa x ‘Noare’
Flower Carpet Red Rose
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
0 2.5 5
NORTH
10 KEY MAP
PLAN VIEW
‘A’ PLANTER ENLARGMENT
PLANTING PALETTE FOR PLANTER
Downtown Streetscape October 8, 2025 | p
City of Dinuba
N. L ST. S. L ST. E. TULARE ST.
E. FRESNO
ST.
W. FRESNO
ST.
E. KERN
ST.
W. KERN
ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
- Alternate ‘C’
22 Carissa macrocarpa ‘Green Carpet’
Green Carpet Natal Plum
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: M
Carex divulsa
European Gray Sedge
1.5’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Carissa
macrocarpa
‘Green
Carpet’, Typ.
Callistemon ‘Little John’
Typ.
Hesperaloe parviflora
‘Yellow’, Typ.
Rhaphiolepis umbellata, Typ.
Carex divulsa, Typ.
Bouteloua gracilis
‘Blonde Ambition’, Typ.
Salvia ‘Bee’s Bliss’
N. L ST.
W. TULARE
ST.
Gaura lindheimeri
Tube Steel Fence Posts
at 6’ O.C. (24” Ht.)
W. TULARE
ST.
N. L ST.
Existing
Tree
Rhaphiolepis umbellata
Yeddo Hawthorn
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Gaura lindheimeri
Steffi Dark Rose Gaura
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Bouteloua gracilis ‘Blonde Ambition’
Blonde Ambition Blue Grama
30” O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Salvia ‘Bee’s Bliss’
Bee’s Bliss sage
4’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Hesperaloe parviflora ‘Yellow’
Yellow Yucca
2’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
Callistemon ‘Little John’
Little John bottlebrush
3’ O.C.
WUCOLS: L
RESOLUTION NO. 2025-58
A RESOLUTION APPROVING AND ACCEPTING THE S. EL MONTE NEIGHBORHOOD REVITATLIZATION PLAN THAT WAS FUNDED BY 21-CDBG-PL-30006 WHEREAS, each year the Housing and Community Development Department release a Notice of Funding Availability for Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds; and WHEREAS, the City applied for CDBG funds in 2021 for a planning study; and WHEREAS, the City was awarded a contract 21-CDBG-PL-30006 to complete the S. El Monte Neighborhood Revitalization Plan; and
WHEREAS, the City of Dinuba, in partnership with 4Creeks, Inc., prepared the South El Monte Neighborhood Revitalization Plan to guide future development, infrastructure, housing, and public safety improvements for approximately 800 acres in the southern central portion of the City; and WHEREAS, the Plan was developed through extensive community outreach, including in-person engagement at the BBQ and Brews Festival in March 2024 and an online survey conducted in August 2024, which received 266 responses; and
WHEREAS, the Plan includes strategic recommendations across six focus areas: (1) Parks and landscaping, (2) Housing, (3) Street improvements, (4) Building improvements, (5) Public safety, and (6) Utilities; and WHEREAS, the Plan also includes an ADA Study identifying accessibility compliance needs, and a Downtown Streetscape Conceptual Plan to support long-term downtown revitalization efforts; and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of Dinuba herby takes the following actions:
1. The above recitals are true and correct and are adopted as the findings of the City Council.
2. The provisions of this Resolution are severable and if any provision, clause, sentence, word or part thereof is held illegal, invalid, unconstitutional, or inapplicable to any person or circumstances, such illegality, invalidity, unconstitutionality, or inapplicability shall not affect or impair any of the remaining provisions, clauses, sentences, sections, words or parts thereof of the Resolution or their applicability to other persons or circumstances.
3. That the City Clerk shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution and that the same shall be in full force and effect.
IN WITNESS THEREOF, I, Rachel Nerio-Guerrero, Mayor of the City of Dinuba have hereunto set my hand and caused the great seal of the City of Dinuba to be affixed, on this _____ day of ____________________ two-thousand-twenty-five.
PASSED AND ADOPTED this ___ day of _______________, 20_____ by the following vote:
AYES: COUNCIL MEMBERS:
NOES: COUNCIL MEMBERS:
ABSTAIN: COUNCIL MEMBERS:
ABSENT: COUNCIL MEMBERS:
________________________________
Mayor
ATTEST:
______________________________
Maria Alaniz, City Clerk