Agenda, first session — Fairfield City Council, July 5, 2022 (part 6 of 6)

PASSED AND ADOPTED this 5th day of July, 2022, by the following vote:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS: PRICE / BERTANI / MOY / PANDURO / TIMM / TONNESEN / VACCARO

NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:

MAYOR

ATTEST:

____________________________

CITY CLERK

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CITY OF FAIRFIELD

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BLOCK GRANT (CDBG)

FY 2022-2027 FIVE-YEAR CONSOLIDATED PLAN
AND
FY 2022-2023 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN

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2 Table of Contents
ES-05 Executive Summary - 24 CFR 91.200(c), 91.220(b) ......................................................................... 4 The Process........................................................................................................................................9 PR-05 Lead & Responsible Agencies 24 CFR 91.200(b) ............................................................................. 9 R-10 Consultation – 91.100, 91.110, 91.200(b), 91.300(b), 91.215(I) and 91.315(I) .............................. 10 PR-15 Citizen Participation – 91.105, 91.115, 91.200(c) and 91.300(c) ................................................. 20 Needs Assessment ........................................................................................................................... 25 NA-05 Overview ...................................................................................................................................... 25 NA-10 Housing Needs Assessment - 24 CFR 91.205 (a,b,c) .................................................................... 26 NA-20 Disproportionately Greater Need: Severe Housing Problems – 91.205 (b)(2) ............................ 36 NA-25 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Cost Burdens – 91.205 (b)(2) .................................. 39 NA-30 Disproportionately Greater Need: Discussion – 91.205(b)(2) ..................................................... 40 NA-35 Public Housing – 91.205(b) .......................................................................................................... 42 NA-40 Homeless Needs Assessment – 91.205(c).................................................................................... 47 NA-45 Non-Homeless Special Needs Assessment - 91.205 (b,d) ............................................................ 55 NA-50 Non-Housing Community Development Needs – 91.215 (f) ....................................................... 59 Housing Market Analysis .................................................................................................................. 61 MA-05 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 61 MA-10 Number of Housing Units – 91.210(a)&(b)(2) ............................................................................. 62 MA-15 Housing Market Analysis: Cost of Housing - 91.210(a) ............................................................... 77 MA-20 Housing Market Analysis: Condition of Housing – 91.210(a)...................................................... 81 MA-25 Public and Assisted Housing – 91.210(b) .................................................................................... 84 MA-30 Homeless Facilities and Services – 91.210(c) .............................................................................. 86 MA-35 Special Needs Facilities and Services – 91.210(d) ....................................................................... 88 MA-40 Barriers to Affordable Housing – 91.210(e) ................................................................................ 90 MA-45 Non-Housing Community Development Assets – 91.215 (f) ...................................................... 91 MA-50 Needs and Market Analysis Discussion ....................................................................................... 97 MA-60 Broadband Needs of Housing occupied by Low- and Moderate-Income Households -

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3 MA-65 Hazard Mitigation - 91.210(a)(5), 91.310(a)(3) ......................................................................... 100 Strategic Plan ................................................................................................................................. 102 SP-05 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 102 SP-10 Geographic Priorities – 91.215 (a)(1) .......................................................................................... 103 SP-25 Priority Needs - 91.215(a)(2)....................................................................................................... 104 SP-30 Influence of Market Conditions – 91.215 (b) .............................................................................. 108 SP-50 Public Housing Accessibility and Involvement – 91.215(c) ......................................................... 119 SP-55 Barriers to affordable housing – 91.215(h) ................................................................................. 120 SP-60 Homelessness Strategy – 91.215(d) ............................................................................................ 121 SP-65 Lead-based paint Hazards – 91.215(i) ......................................................................................... 125 SP-70 Anti-Poverty Strategy – 91.215(j) ............................................................................................... 126 SP-80 Monitoring – 91.230 ................................................................................................................... 127 Expected Resources ....................................................................................................................... 128 AP-15 Expected Resources – 91.220(c)(1,2) ......................................................................................... 128 Annual Goals and Objectives .......................................................................................................... 131 Projects ................................................................................................................................................. 134 AP-35 Projects – 91.220(d) ................................................................................................................... 134 AP-38 Project Summary ........................................................................................................................ 135 AP-50 Geographic Distribution – 91.220(f) ........................................................................................... 145 Affordable Housing ........................................................................................................................ 146 AP-55 Affordable Housing – 91.220(g) ................................................................................................. 146 AP-60 Public Housing – 91.220(h) ......................................................................................................... 147 AP-65 Homeless and Other Special Needs Activities – 91.220(i) .......................................................... 148 AP-75 Barriers to affordable housing – 91.220(j) ................................................................................. 151 AP-85 Other Actions – 91.220(k) .......................................................................................................... 153 Program Specific Requirements ...................................................................................................... 156

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4 ES-05 Executive Summary - 24 CFR 91.200(c), 91.220(b)

1. Introduction
The Consolidated Plan is a five-year planning document that identifies housing and community development needs and stipulates how certain federal funding sources will be spent to address these needs during the planning period. All jurisdictions that receive Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), HOME, Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG), or Housing Opportunities for Peo- ple with AIDS (HOPWA) entitlement funds from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban De- velopment (HUD) are required to prepare a Consolidated Plan. As an entitlement jurisdiction for CDBG funds, the City of Fairfield updates its Consolidated Plan every five years. The City of Fair- field is not an entitlement jurisdiction for other HUD programs, such as HOME, ESG, or HOPWA, and therefore must apply for funds that are awarded on a competitive basis in order to receive funding. This Consolidated Plan is for the period of July 1, 2022, through June 30, 2027.

The CDBG program is focused on three primary goals, which guide the development of Fairfield's Consolidated Plan:
 Provide decent, affordable housing,
 Provide a safe and suitable living environment, and
 Expand economic opportunities, principally for low-and moderate-income persons.

As a CDBG entitlement jurisdiction, the City of Fairfield is also required to prepare an Annual Action Plan (AAP) each year that specifies how CDBG funds will be spent to accomplish housing and community development goals during the upcoming program year. The actions outlined in the Annual Action Plan must coincide with goals and priorities identified in the City's Consolidated Plan. The first-year Annual Action Plan for the 2022-2027 Consolidated Plan period, which covers the 2022/23 program year, is included as the final chapter in this Consolidated Plan document.

Starting with this Consolidated Plan cycle, the City of Fairfield is creating and submitting the Con- solidated Plan using HUD's online Integrated Disbursement and Information System (IDIS) eCon Planning Suite, as required by HUD. As a result, this document is structured according to the chapters, subsections, and discussion prompts provided in the eCon template. In addition , the template provides most of the data used in the analysis in the following chapters .

The Consolidated Plan includes a Needs Assessment and Market Analysis. It serves as the strate- gic plan that identifies the priority needs of the City to help guide the distribution of CDBG fund- ing. HUD provides the majority of the data utilized for the purpose of preparing the Consolidated Plan. HUD periodically receives custom tabulations of data from the U.S. Census Bureau that are primarily unavailable through standard Census products. The Comprehensive Housing Afforda- bility Strategy (CHAS) data demonstrates the extent of housing problems and housing needs, par- ticularly for low-income households. The CHAS data is used by local governments to plan how to spend HUD funds and may also be used by HUD to distribute grant funds.

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5 When CHAS data is not available or appropriate, HUD uses other data, including the 2000 and 2010 U.S. Census data and the American Community Survey (ACS) 2013-2017 five-year estimates.

While ACS one-year estimates provide the most current data, this report utilizes five-year esti- mates to reflect a larger sample size and are considered more reliable and precise.

Federal funds provided under the CDBG entitlement program are primarily concerned with ac- tivities that benefit low-and moderate-income (LMI) households whose incomes do not exceed 80 percent of the area median family (AMI), as established by HUD with adjustments for smaller or larger families.

2. Summary of the objectives and outcomes identified in the Plan Needs Assessment Over- view
Fairfield has a number of public service needs, affordable housing, homeless, and non-homeless community development needs, as identified in the following Plan and through the consultation and citizen participation processes.

Below is a summary of the overall objectives identified within the Consolidated Plan. See the Strategic Plan section for a more detailed discussion of the priority needs, objectives, and strat- egies.

NA-10 Housing Needs
 Twenty-Six percent of households in the City are paying more than 30 percent of their income toward housing costs.
 Fourteen percent of households in the City are severely cost-burdened and are paying more than 50 percent of their income toward housing costs.

NA-15 Disproportionately Greater Needs: Housing problems  Among households with incomes equal to or less than 30% AMI, American Indians (100%) and Pacific Islanders (100%) have one or more housing problems , demonstrating a disproportionately greater need. The Jurisdiction as a whole within this income group shows that 84.9% of households have at least one housing problem.

 Among households with incomes between 30% and 50% of AMI, 94.3% of Hispanic/Latino and 100% of Pacific Islander households have one or more housing problems, compared to 84% in the jurisdiction as a whole, therefore demonstrating a disproportionately greater need.

 Among households with incomes between 50% and 80% of AMI, there aren’t any race categories that demonstrate a disproportionately greater need than the jurisdiction as a whole. The Jurisdiction as a whole demonstrates 63.5% of families within this income cat- egory experience one or more housing problems.

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6  Among households with incomes between 80% and 100%of AMI, there aren’t any race categories that demonstrate a disproportionately greater need than the jurisdiction as a whole. The jurisdiction as a whole demonstrates 47.6% of families in this income category have one or more housing problems.

NA-20 Disproportionately Greater Need: Severe Housing Problems

 Among households listed in the income group less than 30% AMI, American Indians (100%), Pacific Islander (100%), and Hispanic (86%) have one or more severe housing problems, which demonstrates a disproportionately greater need. The Jurisdiction as a whole within this income group shows that 74.8% of households have at least one housing problem.

 There aren't any race groups that demonstrate a disproportionately greater need among households listed in the income group 30-50% AMI. The jurisdiction as a whole within this group shows that at least 52.6% of households have at least one severe housing problem.

 Among Households in the 50-80% AMI group, there aren’t any race groups that demon- strate a disproportionately greater need. The jurisdiction as a whole within this group shows that at least 22.9% of households have at least one severe housing problem.

 Among households in the 80%-100% AMI, Black/African Americans (23.3%) have one or more severe housing problems, which demonstrates a disproportionately greater need.

The jurisdiction as a whole within this group shows that 13.8% of households have at least one housing problem. Hispanics in this group do not meet the definition fo r dispropor- tionate; however, this group is very close to Black/African Americans at 22.1%.

NA-25 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Cost Burdens

 In the severely cost-burdened category, 29% of black/African American families have a cost burden greater than 50%, demonstrating a disproportionately greater need.

This is compared to 17.7% for the whole jurisdiction.

NA-35 Public Housing
 The Fairfield Housing Authority (FHA) assists approximately 882 households through the federal Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program (Section 8)  The Section 8 waiting list contains 1500 households-this is estimated to be a 5-year wait.

NA-50 Non-Community Development Needs
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7  Residents and stakeholders who participated in the community outreach for the Consolidated Plan identified the following community development needs as high priorities:
o Public Services: Services for the elderly and frail elderly population, youth services, including enrichment and recreation, services for homeless per- sons, and homeless prevention services
o Public Facilities: increased homeless emergency shelters, youth centers, senior centers, and other areas for recreational uses
o Public improvements: Street repair and additional lighting in areas.

3. Evaluation of past performance
The City of Fairfield has made significant progress in meeting the goals and objectives contained in its 2017-2021 Five-Year Consolidated Plan. Through the first four years of the current Consoli- dated Plan, Through June 30, 2021, the following goals were met:
 Provided Homeless services to 500 homeless individuals through case management and employment services
 Assisted 67 individuals for drug and violence prevention  Assisted 1,119 youth in enrichment and supportive services  Served 2,290 seniors with meals
 Land acquisition in the NRSA to rehabilitate and develop recreational facilities  Land acquisition to develop 67- units of affordable housing  Improvements to homeless shelter’s security and ADA access.

The City recognizes that evaluating past performance is critical to ensure that the City and its sub- recipients are implementing activities effectively and that those activities align with the City’s overall strategies and goals. The performance of programs and systems is evaluated to ensure the goals and projects address critical needs in the community. Fairfield has historically allocated CDBG funds to activities that benefit LMI persons, with a top priority to increase affordable hous- ing opportunities in the City.

Planning staff will work closely with subrecipients to leverage resources and create opportunities for partnership and collaboration. The City’s sub -recipients are challenged to think creatively about working together to address the needs in our community.

4. Summary of citizen participation process and consultation process The City did comprehensive outreach to obtain a broad perspective of housing and community development needs in the City. Staff consulted with residents and organizations involved in af- fordable housing, fair housing, homeless programs, and other community development activi- ties. The process ensured outreach and opportunities for affected persons of many types of pro- grams, lower-income persons and families and persons living in lower -income areas, minorities and non-English speaking persons, and persons with disabilities.

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8 The City also sought input from other public and private agencies that provide emergency hous- ing for those that are homeless, those in assisted housing for special needs populations, those needing social services, those in need of infrastructure improvements and agencies that provide fair housing and tenant/landlord services. (to ensure compliance with Civil Rights laws and reg- ulations.)

5. Summary of public comments

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9 The Process
PR-05 Lead & Responsible Agencies 24 CFR 91.200(b)

1. Describe agency/entity responsible for preparing the Consolidated Plan and those re- sponsible for the administration of each grant program and funding source The following are the agencies/entities responsible for preparing the Consolidated Plan and those responsible for administering each grant program and funding source.

Agency Role Name Department/Agency

CDBG Administrator FAIRFIELD Housing Services Department Table 1 – Responsible Agencies

Narrative
Preparation of the City of Fairfield Consolidated Plan is conducted by the Housing Services De- partment. The Housing Services Department includes the CDBG Program staff and the Housing Authority. The Housing Services Department also oversees the City’s affordable housing projects.

The Community Development Department's Planning Division is responsible for developing and implementing the City's land use goals and policies (as contained in the City's state-required Gen- eral Plan). The Planning Division is also responsible for the development of the Housing Element of the General Plan, the state-required element which outlines goals, policies, and programs to meet the City's needs for both affordable and market-rate housing.

Consolidated Plan Public Contact Information
LaTanya Terrones, MBA
Sr. Management Analyst
City of Fairfield
1000 Webster St.

Fairfield, Ca 94533
Telephone: 707-428-7454
Email: [email protected]
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10 R-10 Consultation – 91.100, 91.110, 91.200(b), 91.300(b), 91.215(I) and 91.315(I)

1. Introduction
The City of Fairfield conducted comprehensive outreach to obtain a broad perspective of the community's housing and community development needs. Community members, homeless pro- viders, fair housing providers, and other organizations that provide services throughout the City were consulted during the development of this plan. The process ensured outreach opportunities to include lower-income individuals, families, and persons living in lower-income areas, minori- ties, non-English speaking people, and persons with disabilities.

Input was sought from public agencies that provide emergency housing services to special needs populations, fair housing services, and tenant/landlord services (to ensure compliance with Civil Rights Laws and regulations.)
Public Participation Outreach efforts included:
 Community Survey – Fairfield received over 200 responses to the community survey that was translated into both English and Spanish. The survey sought to assess the needs for a wider variety of services for lower-income people, needs of homeless and disabled in- dividuals, housing and economic development needs, and infrastructure needs.  Website posing Links to the Community Survey was posted on the City’s website  Social Media Outreach-Blasts about the survey and community needs assessment was sent out through the NextDoor app throughout the City. Message s were also sent out on the City’s Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook pages.
 over 150 agencies and interested parties were contacted to let them know about the Consolidated Plan process and community survey
 Press Release-Press Releases were issued to the public, notifying them of the Community needs survey, the Availability of the CDBG funds and the Consolidated Plan public hearing  Public Notice – A Public Notice was issued in English, Spanish, and Tagalog to notify resi- dents of the Consolidated Plan process and community needs survey.  Presentation before City Council to discuss the CDBG program and priority needs and goals
 Focus group meetings - Met with Executive Director’s and Managers to discuss the needs of Seniors and the disabled, youth, families, homeless, and Affordable Housing Develop- ers.

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11 Key Consultations Included:

Homelessness: the City of Fairfield staff hosted a focus group with multiple homeless service providers throughout the City. The City also has a Homeless Services Division that wo rks closely with the homeless service providers and can gather data through regular collaboration. The Homeless Services Division Manager is also the Chair of the Solano Continuum of Care (CoC) and was, therefore, able to receive direct feedback from the CoC in the development of this plan.

Families and Children: City staff held a focus group with major providers that provide services to families and children, including representatives from The County’s Health and Human Services Department. This focus group highlighted many of the challenges and essential service needs of youth in Fairfield.

Elderly and disabled: City staff held a focus group with service providers that assist elderly and disabled individuals. The discussion included the need for a more co llaborative approach amongst the providers to deliver a full range of support .

Youth: Many organizations that provide youth services, including representatives from the Fair- field-Suisun Unified School District, participated in a focus group to discuss youth's challenges and needs.

Provide a concise summary of the jurisdiction’s activities to enhance coordination between public and assisted housing providers and private and governmental health, mental health, and service agencies (91.215(I)).

Public Housing Authority: The CDBG Program is a Division of the Housing Services Department, which is led by the same Director as the Housing Authority. Being housed under the same De- partment allows the CDBG and the Housing Authority Programs to coordinate efforts where nec- essary, including developing the Consolidated Plan, Annual Action Plan, and CAPER.

Affordable Housing Providers: The Housing Services Department is responsible for managing new affordable housing projects in the City. The City works closely with all a ffordable and sup- portive housing providers to develop new affordable housing in Fairfield. Currently, the City has multiple affordable housing development projects underway. The City is working on an initiative to begin the production of Accessory Dwelling Units, which will help increase affordable housing units in Fairfield.

Service Agencies: the CDBG staff partners with many service agencies throughout the community to provide services to low-income individuals and families. The coordination of services includes coordination with case managers, youth advocates, senior services, and homeless service provid- ers. The Coordination allows the City and the service providers to understand the challenges and needs of specific individuals. The coordination between City staff and service providers promotes open dialogue and connection of services between various agencies and th individuals they serve.

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12 Mental Health/ Health Care: Although the City of Fairfield does not provide mental health ser- vices and health care directly, the City partners with agencies such as Solano County Behavioral Health to coordinate the Homeless Outreach Partnership and Engagement (HOPE) Team. This new unit coordinates the housing and homeless initiatives focused on behavioral health needs in coordination with the County and other community partners. The HOPE team, Homeless Inter- vention Team (HIT), and Homeless Services Division go to homeless encampments to engage and offer mental health support. The City’s law enforcement department partners with a street med- icine outreach team to provide psychiatric intervention and engagement with homeless individ- uals monthly.

Describe coordination with the Continuum of Care and efforts to address the needs of home- less persons (particularly chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans, and unaccompanied youth) and persons at risk of homelessness The Solano County Continuum of Care (CoC) is a county-wide collaborative of nonprofit service providers and government representatives committed to preventing and ending homeless- ness. Its geographic scope includes the City of Fairfield. The CoC Governing Board consists of representatives from government, healthcare, businesses, formerly homeless individuals, and nonprofit social service agencies in Solano County. HomeBase staffs the CoC, , a nonprofit organ- ization that coordinates the efforts of homeless service providers and prepares the annual con- solidated funding application to HUD. The Lead Agency is the Community Action Partnership of Solano, Joint Powers Authority (CAP Solano).

The CoC includes committees and workgroups that focus on specific areas such as implementing a coordinated entry system, supporting efforts to strengthen economic self -sufficiency, ensuring compliance with federal requirements, and overseeing the Homeless Management and Infor- mation System (HMIS) provided through CAP Solano.

As the Lead Agency, CAP Solano is responsible for implementing the county-wide coordinating system known as Resource Connect Solano (RCS).

CAP Solano has contracted with Caminar, a California-based non-profit behavioral health services provider, to operate the Coordinated Entry System (CES). RCS streamlines access to life-changing housing and supportive resources for people in Solano County who are experiencing or at risk of homelessness. Individuals and families receive assessment and referral services to identify hous- ing needs and create linkages to available services. Using the Coordinated Entry System’s Vi- SPDAT, RCS identifies, prioritizes, and facilitates the most appropriate response to each individ- ual’s immediate and long-term housing needs. Based on the Vi-SPDAT, participants with the high- est need based on vulnerability receive priority access to scarce permanent housing services and resources. Individuals and families who sleep in a place not meant for human habitation (includ- ing on the street, in a vehicle, or a motel) or an emergency shelter or transitional housing pro- gram, or who are fleeing domestic/dating violence or human trafficking are eligible to be referred to RCS including chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans, and unaccompanied youth and persons at risk of homelessness.

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13 The City of Fairfield is also a partner and provides funding through a multi -jurisdictional memo- randum of understanding with six other Solano cities and the County to supplement funding to RCS, allowing for additional staff and funding for a landlord incentive program.

Describe consultation with the Continuum(s) of Care that serves the jurisdiction's area in de- termining how to allocate ESG funds, develop performance standards and evaluate outcomes, and develop funding, policies, and procedures for the administration of HMIS The federal Emergency Solutions Grant program (ESG) provides funds for various activities to address homelessness as authorized under the federal Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009 and State program requirements. The Califor- nia Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) administers the ESG program with funding from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The ESG pro- gram provides grant funding to (1) engage homeless individuals and families living on the street, (2) rapidly re-house homeless individuals and families, (3) help operate and provide essential services in emergency shelters for homeless individuals and families, and (4) prevent individuals and families from becoming homeless.

For over ten years, the City of Fairfield has remained in an executive leadership compacity with the Community Action Partnership Solano, Joint Powers Authority (CAP Solano). CAP Solano sets ESG funding priorities based on board approval and a biennial countywide needs assessment. For the last three years, the City of Fairfield has applied for the ESG funding and conducted the public Request for Proposal Recommendation process on behalf of CAP Solano to run a fair and open procurement process to obtain highly qualified applicants for noncompetitive and competitive funding.

CAP Solano serves as the Lead Agency for the local Continuum of Care (CoC) and is the Lead Agency to administer the county-wide HMIS system. The CoC, known as Housing First Solano, sets written policies and procedures for HMIS and conducts annual surveys on the program's administration. CAP Solano provides technical assistance and funding for service providers to ob- tain licenses to ensure all service providers in Solano County are using the system. The CoC also has an HMIS subcommittee, which the City of Fairfield is part of, to ensure all service providers' best use of the system.

2. Describe Agencies, groups, organizations, and others who participated in the process and describe the jurisdictions consultations with housing, social service agencies , and other entities
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14 Table 2 – Agencies, groups, organizations who participated 1 Agency/Group/Organization City of Fairfield – Homeless Services Division Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-homeless
Other government - Local
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Homelessness Strategy
Homeless Needs - Chronically homeless
Homeless Needs - Families with children
Homelessness Needs - Veterans
Homelessness Needs - Unaccompanied youth
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
City staff consulted with The City of Fairfield's Homeless Services Division for this plan to understand the needs of the homeless community. The consultation included
information on how the City and other groups support-
ing the homeless community can better serve the
homeless population.
2 Agency/Group/Organization Mission Samoa
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-homeless
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Homelessness Strategy
Homeless Needs - Chronically homeless
Homeless Needs - Families with children
Homelessness Needs - Veterans
Homelessness Needs - Unaccompanied youth
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
City staff consulted with Mission Samoa for this plan to understand the needs of the homeless community. The
consultation included information on how the City and
other groups supporting the homeless community can
better serve the homeless population.
3 Agency/Group/Organization Community Action Northbay
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-homeless
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Homelessness Strategy
Homeless Needs - Chronically homeless
Homeless Needs - Families with children
Homelessness Needs - Veterans
Homelessness Needs - Unaccompanied youth
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15 How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted and what are the antici-
pated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
City staff consulted with Community Action Northbay
for this plan to understand the needs of the homeless
community. The consultation included information on
how the City and other groups supporting the homeless
community can better serve the homeless population.
4 Agency/Group/Organization Caminar Solano County
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-homeless
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Homelessness Strategy
Homeless Needs - Chronically homeless
Homeless Needs - Families with children
Homelessness Needs - Veterans
Homelessness Needs - Unaccompanied youth
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
City staff consulted with Caminar for this plan to under- stand the needs of the homeless community. The con-
sultation included information on how the City and
other groups supporting the homeless community can
better serve the homeless population.
5 Agency/Group/Organization Meals on Wheels of Solano
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-Elderly Persons Services-Persons with Disabilities
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Non-Homeless Special Needs
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
The City of Fairfield consulted with this group to under- stand the needs of the Senior Community. Multiple
partners came together to discuss the available re-
sources, where resources are lacking, and how to in-
crease collaboration for the available resources.
6 Agency/Group/Organization Lions Center for the Visually Impaired Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-Elderly Persons Services-Persons with Disabilities
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Non-Homeless Special Needs
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16 How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
City staff consulted with Lions Center of the Visually Im- paired homeless service providers to understand the
needs of the Senior Community. Multiple partners
came together to discuss the available resources,
where resources are lacking, and how to increase col-
laboration for the available resources.
7 Agency/Group/Organization Ombudsman Services Of Contra Costa Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-Elderly Persons Services-Persons with Disabilities
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Non-Homeless Special Needs
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
The City of Fairfield consulted with this group to under- stand the needs of the Senior Community. Multiple
partners came together to discuss the available re-
sources, where resources are lacking, and how to in-
crease collaboration for the available resources.
8 Agency/Group/Organization Fairfield Suisun Unified School District Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-Children
Services-Education
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Non-Homeless Special Needs
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
The City consulted with the School District and the Stu- dent Services Director to understand the challenges the students have in the community. Through this consul-
tation, the City was able to better understand the chal- lenges and resources needed to address the needs of
children.
9 Agency/Group/Organization Voices Youth Center
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-Children
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Homelessness Needs - Unaccompanied youth
Non-Homeless Special Needs
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
The City consulted with this organization to understand the challenges that unaccompanied youth are experi-
encing and the resources needed to address the needs.

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17 10 Agency/Group/Organization First 5 for Youth
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-Children
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Non-Homeless Special Needs
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
The City consulted with this organization to understand the challenges and resource needs of youth under the
age of 5.
11 Agency/Group/Organization Fairfield Police Activity League Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-Children
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Non-Homeless Special Needs
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
The City consulted with this organization to understand the challenges that youth ages 13 to 18 are experienc-
ing and the resources needed to address the needs.
12 Agency/Group/Organization City of Fairfield Planning Department Agency/Group/Organization Type Other-Government-Local
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Market Analysis
Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
The City worked with the Planning Department of the
City of Fairfield to receive information concerning the housing needs and policies that impact housing
13 Agency/Group/Organization City of Fairfield Housing Authority Agency/Group/Organization Type Other-Local Government
PHA
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Needs Assessment
Market Analysis
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted, and what are the antic-
ipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
The Housing Authority staff was consulted about this
plan and how to better coordinate housing activities
with the Housing Authority and the clients.
14 Agency/Group/Organization City of Fairfield Public Works Department Packet Page 1104 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 17 of 156

18 Agency/Group/Organization Type Other-Government-Local What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Non-Housing Community Development
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted and what are the antici-
pated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Public Works provided information related to the pub-
lic infrastructure and facilities needs throughout the
City. Public Works feedback allows for the City to iden- tify the needs within the community.
15 Agency/Group/Organization Fair Housing Advocates of Northern California Agency/Group/Organization Type Service- Fair Housing
What section of the Plan was ad-
dressed by Consultation?
Housing Need Assessment
Homeless needs
Anti-Poverty Strategy
How was the Agency/Group/Organiza-
tion consulted and what are the antici-
pated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
City staff consulted with Fair Housing Advocates of
Northern California to understand the fair housing chal- lenges that residents are facing.

Identify any Agency Types not consulted and provide the rationale for not consulting No agencies or types of agencies were omitted in the consultations. CDBG staff consulted with all relevant organizations and individuals. CDBG staff also held public meetings to ensure no agencies were left out.

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19 Other local/regional/state/federal planning efforts considered when preparing the Plan Name of Plan Lead Organization How do the goals of your Strategic Plan overlap with the goals of each plan?
Continuum of Care CAP Solano JPA The Continuum of Care facilitates multi-agency cooperation and coordination within the homeless community. The
Homeless Strategic Plan was consulted in the development of this consolidated Plan to align and understand the needs within the homeless community. This allows us to set forth our homeless strategy and ensure that it aligns with the re- gionally approved strategic plan.

City of Fairfield 2022-2027
Analysis of Impediments
City of Fairfield The Housing Services Department developed a new AI per- formed in the Analysis of Fair Housing format to best inform and coordinate fair housing activities throughout the City in the coming five years. The AI data and analysis are thoroughly integrated into the 2022-27 Consolidated Plan.

General Plan City of Fairfield The City of Fairfield considered its General Plan and accom- panying Housing Elements when developing this Consoli-
dated Plan. The City is currently working on the 2022 Housing Element. Data from the Housing Analysis portion of the Hous- ing Element is incorporated into this plan.

Sustainability & Climate
Change Plan
City of Fairfield The Sustainability & Climate Change Plan allows the City to assess the hazard risk and the impacts on Climate change within the City, specifically in lower-income communities.

Local Multi-Hazard Mitiga-
tion Plan
Solano County The local multi-hazard Mitigation Plan allows the City to re- view and address hazard mitigation in lower-income commu- nities.

Table 3 – Other local / regional / federal planning efforts

Describe cooperation and coordination with other public entities, including the State and any adjacent units of general local government, in the implementation of the Consolidated Plan (91.215(l))
The City of Fairfield coordinated with multiple agencies throughout the region to discuss imple- menting the five-year consolidated plan. This coordination included one-on-one meetings and reviewing relative plans and documents concerning long-term strategies for delivering services throughout the community.

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20 PR-15 Citizen Participation – 91.105, 91.115, 91.200(c) and 91.300(c)

1. Summary of citizen participation process/Efforts made to broaden citizen participation Summarize citizen participation process and how it impacted goal-setting

The City utilized several methods to encourage and broaden citizen participation in developing the Consolidated Plan. Before devel- oping the draft plan, the City conducted an online survey to solicit input on Fairfield's housing and community development needs.

The survey results are available. The CDBG Advisory Committee played a significant role in expanding participation by holding four public meetings to receive input on the Consolidated Plan. A list of CDBG Citizen’s Advisory Committee members is shown at the end of this plan. The City held four focus group meetings to talk with housing providers, homeless service providers, youth service provid- ers, and senior service providers.

Prior to adoption by City Council, the Consolidated Plan was made available for a 30-day public review and comment period. A draft plan was published on the City’s website and physical copies were available in the offices of the Housing Services Department, Housing Authority, City Manager’s office, Transportation Center, public library and first floor of City Hall. The City Council adopted the Consol- idated Plan at a public meeting which provided an additional opportunity for publi c participation.

All opportunities for citizen participation were broadly noticed. Notifications were provided by email to housing providers, service agencies, and other organizations and individuals that expressed an interest in receiving information abo ut the Consolidated Plan process. The meetings were advertised in the Fairfield Daily Republic newspaper and posted in six locations throughout the Ci ty.

Additional efforts to outreach to the Hispanic and Latino community included streaming a commercial on the local Spanish stations.

Information regarding the meeting was also placed on the City’s website, which provides translation for all content. The information gained from the citizen participation process helped identify Fairfield housing and community development needs and priorities and appropriate strategies to address these needs.

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21 Citizen Participation Outreach
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22 Sort
Order
Mode of
Outreach
Target of Outreach Summary of
response/attendance
Summary of
Comments
received
Summary of com-
ments not
accepted and
reasons
URL (I
f ap-
plica-
ble)
1 Public No-
tice
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
Public notice to announce comprehensive
Community survey regarding CDBG Pro-
gram and Priorities
221 re-
sponses to
survey
None
2 Press Re-
lease
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
Press Release to announce Comprehen-
sive survey regarding CDBG program and
priorities
221 survey
responses
None
3 Public
Meeting
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
Twelve members of the public attended
the City Council meeting on 10/5/2021.

CDBG staff held discussions with the pub-
lic and City Council regarding the CDBG
Program FY 22-27 Consolidated Plan Pro-
cess, Public participation Process, and the
proposed priorities and goals.

None No comments
were received.

4. Public
Meeting
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
Fifteen members of the public attended
the City Council meeting on 10/19/2021.

The City Council reviewed the Consoli-
dated Plan priority needs and adopted a
resolution accepting the proposed priority
needs for FY 22-27.

None No Comments
were received.

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23 Sort
Order
Mode of
Outreach
Target of Outreach Summary of
response/attendance
Summary of
Comments
received
Summary of com-
ments not
accepted and
reasons
URL (I
f ap-
plica-
ble)

5. Press Re-
lease
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
Press release to announce FY 22-23 NOFA
grant kickoff meeting and applications
None No Comments
were received

6. Public No-
tice
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
Legal Public Notice published to announce
FY 22-23 NOFA grant kickoff meeting and
applications
None No Comments
were received

7. Commer-
cial
Non-English Speaking: Spanish A commercial to announce the availability of the community needs survey was
streamed on the local Spanish station
None none

8. Public
Meeting
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
56 individuals attended this meeting as we
discussed the CDBG NOFA application pro-
cess
There were
18 com-
ments and
questions re-
ceived re-
garding the
CDBG Pro-
gram and ap-
plication pro-
cess
All comments
were received,
none were re-
jected.

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24 Sort
Order
Mode of
Outreach
Target of Outreach Summary of
response/attendance
Summary of
Comments
received
Summary of com-
ments not
accepted and
reasons
URL (I
f ap-
plica-
ble)

9. Public
Meeting
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
January 5, 2022. There were no members
of the public who attended this meeting.

There were
no public
comments.

No comments
were received.

10 Public
Meeting
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
January 26, 2022. There were 14 members
of the public that attended this meeting
There were
no public
comments.

No comments
were received

11 Public
Meeting
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
February 8, 2022. There were 3 members
of the public that attended this meeting
There were
no public
comments
No comments
were received.

12 Public
Meeting
Minorities
Non-English Speaking:

Spanish
Tagalog
Persons with Disabilities
Non-Targeted/broad community
May 19, 2022 There were 3 members of
the public that attending this meeting
One CDBG
applicant on
the call
asked their
application
to not be
considered
due insuffi-
cient funding
The comment was
accepted and con-
sidered during the
funding discussion

Table 4 – Citizen Participation Outreach

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25 Needs Assessment
NA-05 Overview
Needs Assessment Overview
The Needs Assessment portion of the ConPlan includes information gained from the comprehen- sive public survey and knowledge gathered from focus groups, consultations with many service providers, and discussions with the City Senior Leadership staff. Together these activities form a clear picture of the needs of the City of Fairfield in the areas of affordable housing, special needs populations, homelessness, and community development. By analyzing the needs, City staff iden- tified those needs with the highest priority, which will form the basis for the Strategic Plan and the programs and projects to be administered.

This section of the Consolidated Plan identifies Fairfield's housing and community development needs, including affordable housing, housing for residents with special needs, homelessness, and community services. In part, housing need is assessed based on the prevalence of various "hous- ing problems." Per HUD guidance, a household experiences housing problems if it has a high housing cost burden (defined as housing costs that exceed 30% of household income), is over- crowded (defined as having more than one person per room in a housing unit ) or lacks complete kitchen or plumbing facilities.

Much of the following needs assessment information cites Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) data based on American Community Survey (ACS) data collected between 2013 and 2017, as provided in the IDIS online Consolidated Plan template. Some data not available in IDIS was pulled from the 2019 ACS data. This data source provides detailed cross-tabulations of housing conditions, income, and race and ethnicity data.

For planning purposes, HUD categorizes households as extremely low-income, very low-income, or low-income based on percentages of the City's median family income (referred to as the HUD Area Median Family Income, or HAMFI). The HAMFI is calculated annually by HUD for different household sizes.

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26 NA-10 Housing Needs Assessment - 24 CFR 91.205 (a,b,c) Summary of Housing Needs
Fairfield has experienced a recent increase in population and households between 2009 and 2017. According to ACS data collected during this timeframe, 112,790 residents and 35,770 households existed in Fairfield in 2017, representing a 9% increase in population (9,000 residents) and an 8% increase in households (1,500 households) since 2009.

Fairfield is home to a diverse range of households with various housing needs. According to the data shown in Table 6, 48.9% of households in Fairfield (17,490 households) are small family households (families with two to four people), and 14.5% (5,190 households) are large family households (families with five or more people). According to the 2015 Housing Element, reflect- ing a relatively affordable housing stock, homeowners are a majority of the households, with

60.4% of the population occupying ownership housing in 2010. Despite the recent recession and problems with the housing market, this is a slight increase in ownership rates from 2000, when

59.7% of the population were reported as homeowners.

Housing affordability presents a considerable challenge for the City of Fairfield, echoing high housing costs and extreme housing cost burdens across the region. Many households in Fairfield have housing costs that exceed the affordability threshold, while others experience overcrowd- ing and substandard housing conditions due to high housing costs. Housing costs are mentioned throughout this section.

Demographics Base Year: 2009 Most Recent Year: 2017 % Change Population 103,305 112,790 9%
Households 33,084 35,770 8%
Median Income $69,001.00 $75,292.00 9%
Table 5 - Housing Needs Assessment Demographics
Data Source: 2000 Census (Base Year), 2013-2017 ACS (Most Recent Year)

Number of Households Table
0-30%
HAMFI
>30-50%
HAMFI
>50-80%
HAMFI
>80-100%
HAMFI
>100%
HAMFI
Total Households 3,650 3,840 5,425 3,575 19,280
Small Family Households ( 2-4 people) 1,625 1,480 2,240 1,630 10,515 Large Family Households (5 or more people) 320 725 885 630 2,630 Household contains at least one person 62-74
years of age 655 765 1,290 670 4,520
Household contains at least one-person age
75 or older 500 530 700 415 1,440
Households with one or more children six
years old or younger 960 1,245 1,340 730 3,230
Table 6 - Total Households Table
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS
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27 Housing Needs Summary Tables

1. Housing Problems (Households with one of the listed needs) Renter Owner
0-
30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total 0-
30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total

NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Substandard
Housing - Lacking
complete plumb-
ing or kitchen facil-
ities 55 50 70 45 220 20 10 15 10 55
Severely Over-
crowded - With
>1.51 people per
room (and com-
plete kitchen and
plumbing) 110 125 35 120 390 0 0 4 30 34
Overcrowded -
With 1.01-1.5 peo-
ple per room (and
none of the above
problems) 275 390 215 95 975 10 70 170 30 280
Housing cost bur-
den greater than
50% of income
(and none of the
above problems) 1,640 965 430 4 3,039 545 610 465 150 1,770 Housing cost bur-
den greater than
30% of income
(and none of the
above problems) 160 900 1,170 695 2,925 160 205 865 450 1,680 Zero/negative In-
come (and none of
the above prob-
lems) 225 0 0 0 225 80 0 0 0 80
Table 7 – Housing Problems Table
Data
Source:
2013-2017 CHAS

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28 2. Housing Problems 2 (Households with one or more Severe Housing Problems: Lacks kitchen or complete plumbing, severe overcrowding, severe cost burden) Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total 0-
30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total

NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Having 1 or more
of four housing
problems 2,080 1,530 745 270 4,625 570 685 655 215 2,125 Having none of
four housing
problems 430 995 2,000 1,510 4,935 265 630 2,025 1,580 4,500 Household has
negative income,
but none of the
other housing
problems 225 0 0 0 225 80 0 0 0 80
Table 8 – Housing Problems 2
Data
Source:
2013-2017 CHAS

3. Cost Burden > 30%
Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-50%
AMI
>50-80%
AMI
Total 0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-80%
AMI
Total

NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Small Related 1,140 1,090 945 3,175 330 290 495 1,115
Large Related 225 515 205 945 10 140 310 460
Elderly 505 430 210 1,145 270 355 465 1,090
Other 325 335 390 1,050 120 80 135 335
Total need by
income
2,195 2,370 1,750 6,315 730 865 1,405 3,000
Table 9 – Cost Burden > 30%
Data
Source:
2013-2017 CHAS

Packet Page 1115 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 28 of 156

29 4. Cost Burden > 50%
Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total 0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total

NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Small Related 1,055 350 340 1,745 250 215 165 630
Large Related 180 140 20 340 10 50 40 100
Elderly 420 310 105 835 195 285 225 705
Other 325 215 60 600 105 65 50 220
Total need by
income
1,980 1,015 525 3,520 560 615 480 1,655
Table 10 – Cost Burden > 50%
Data
Source:
2013-2017 CHAS

5. Crowding (More than one person per room)
Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total 0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total

NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Single family
households 355 495 165 195 1,210 10 25 65 40 140
Multiple, unre-
lated family
households 30 50 60 15 155 0 45 109 20 174
Other, non-fam-
ily households 0 0 20 15 35 0 0 0 0 0
Total need by in-
come
385 545 245 225 1,400 10 70 174 60 314
Table 11 – Crowding Information – 1/2
Data
Source:
2013-2017 CHAS

Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total 0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total
Households
with Children
Present

Table 12 – Crowding Information – 2/2
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30 Describe the number and type of single-person households in need of housing assistance.

Although detailed information on the type of single -person households in need of housing assis- tance is not available, data indicates a need for housing assistance among single-person house- holds in Fairfield. ACS 2019 Data demonstrates that the city of Fairfield has 3,142 single -person households. The Housing Authority of the City of Fairfield reports that there are 432 single -per- son households on the waiting list for Housing Choice vouchers, representing 47.5% of all house- holds on the waiting list. Among single-person households in need of housing assistance, individ- uals with disabilities are likely to experience specific challenges finding suitable housing. High housing needs among single-person households with disabilities can be attributed primarily to two factors:
1) many individuals with disabilities have low incomes, and 2) market-rate housing in Fairfield is often unaffordable to single-income households, particularly for individuals with lower incomes.

Estimate the number and type of families in need of housing assistance who are disabled or victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking.

The number of households in need of housing assistance who are disabled exceeds the available supply of units suitable for these households. Often, households with disabilities has special housing needs related to accessibility features, affordability, or both. Individuals requiring acces- sibility modifications may encounter trouble finding units that meet their needs. Local service providers report that some individuals with disabilities experience discrimination that makes the challenges even more extreme. The FHA waiting list for Housing Choice vouchers includes 338 households with persons who are elderly or disabled, representing 37.2% of all households on the waiting list. However, this figure understates the need for housing among persons with disa- bilities. Not all people with disabilities who need housing assistance are on the waiting list for Housing Choice Vouchers.

In the City of Fairfield, there are housing needs among families who are victims of domestic vio- lence, sexual assault, dating violence, and stalking. In the past year, there were 801 police calls for domestic violence, 141 cases for sexual assault , and 21 cases of stalking. It is difficult to ana- lyze and determine the number of victimized persons who need housing. Fairfield’s high housing costs and low vacancy rate create a significant additional barrier for individuals who might oth- erwise leave a violent home, particularly those with special housing needs due to disability or other factors.

What are the most common housing problems?
The high housing cost burden represents Fairfield's most prevalent housing problem for owners and renters. As shown in Table 9, 6,315 renter households with incomes below 80% of AMI and 3,000 owner households with incomes below 80% of AMI had housing costs that exceed 30% of Packet Page 1117 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 30 of 156

31 household income. In total, these figures indicate that 64% of all households with incomes below 80% of AMI had high housing cost burden.

Severe cost burden was reported among 35.7 percent of all households with incomes below 80% of AMI, affecting 3,520 renter households with incomes bel ow 80% of AMI and 1,655 owner households with incomes below 80% AMI.

Overcrowding is also a significant problem for Fairfield households, particularly for renter house- holds. Among households with income below 80%of AMI, 1,175 renter households and 254 owner households were either overcrowded or severely overcrowded.

Substandard housing conditions represent a relatively small share of housing problems in Fair- field, affecting 275 households citywide, according to the other data in Table 7. However, it is likely that additional households live in substandard housing but are omitted by definitions used for this data collection.

Are any populations/household types more affected than others by these problems? Housing problems affect renter households to a slightly greater degree than owner households.

The data in Table 8 demonstrates that, among households with incomes equal to 100% of AMI or less, 47% of renter households experience more severe housing problems than 57% of owner households. Among renter households with income below 100% of AMI that have one or more severe housing problems, almost 78% had incomes below 50% of AMI.

Describe the characteristics and needs of Low -income individuals and families with children (especially extremely low-income) who are currently housed but are at imminent risk of either residing in shelters or becoming unsheltered 91.205(c)/91.305(c)). Also , discuss the needs of formerly homeless families and individuals who are receivi ng rapid re-housing assistance and are nearing the termination of that assistance
California State Housing Law requires local governments to address the needs of “Extremely Low Income” populations, households with incomes below 30% of the median income for the com- munity. The federal government defines poverty as a minimum income level (adjusted for house- hold size and composition) necessary to meet basic food, shelter, and clothing needs. Factors affecting income include age, family status, number and age of children, and the absence of one parent.

According to the American Community Survey(ACS) Data for 2019, poverty rates in Fairfield for the past 12 months decreased from 11.7% in 2011 to 9.3% of households in 2019. Ten thousand eight hundred twenty (10,820) individuals in the City of Fairfield are listed below the poverty level. Of those, 3,556 (12.7%) are families with minor children. Extremely low-income persons risk becoming homeless by residing in shelters or perhaps becoming unsheltered.

There are four households in Fairfield that receive rapid re-housing assistance through Commu- nity Action NorthBay, which all have various expiration dates.

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32 High housing cost burdens and rapidly rising market rents place many of Fairfield’s low -income individuals and families with children at risk of becoming homeless, even if currently housed.

Households with high housing cost burden often have difficulty affording housing and other nec- essary goods and services and could become homeless due to unexpected expenses or a decrease in income. Individuals or families living in overcrowded households may be compelled to leave their current housing due to conflicts with other home occupants or other issues that arise from overcrowding.

If a jurisdiction provides estimates of the at-risk population(s), it should also include a descrip- tion of the operational definition of the at-risk group and the methodology used to generate the estimates:

According to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, at-risk individuals are people with access and functional needs that may interfere with their ability to access or receive medical care before, during, or after a disaster or emergency.

The 2019 Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness and Advancing Innovation Act requires taking into account at-risk individuals' public health and medical needs. It defines at-risk individuals as children, pregnant women, older adults, individuals with disabilities, or others who may have access or functional needs in the event of a public health emergency, as determined by the Sec- retary of Health and Human Services. Examples of other populations may include but are not limited to:
 individuals from diverse cultures,
 individuals who have limited English proficiency or are non -English speaking,  individuals who are transportation disadvantaged,
 individuals experiencing homelessness,
 individuals who have chronic health conditions, and
 individuals who have a pharmacological dependency

Specify particular housing characteristics that have been linked with instability and an in- creased risk of homelessness
Housing characteristics that often lead to instability and an increased risk of homelessness in- clude high housing cost burden, overcrowding, and substandard housing conditions.

Discussion
Owners and renters alike are experiencing a high-cost burden compared to their respective in- come levels, creating a higher level of instability, therefore, putting them at an increased risk for homelessness. Although the number of families and owners experiencing substandard housing is relatively low, living in substandard conditions poses health and safety risks, which places indi- viduals at a higher risk for homelessness.

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33 Approximately 6% of the population in the City of Fairfield that meet the less than 100% AMI are facing at least one of the severe hosing problems (Lacks kitchen or complete plumbing, severe overcrowding, or severe cost burden).

NA-15 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Problems – 91.205 (b)(2) Assess the need of any racial or ethnic group that has disproportionately greater need in com- parison to the needs of that category of need as a whole.

Introduction
A disproportionately greater need exists when the members of a racial or ethnic group, at a given income level, experience housing problems at a greater rate (10 percentage points or more) than the income level as a whole.
0%-30% of Area Median Income
Housing Problems Has one or more of
four housing prob-
lems
Has none of the
four housing prob-
lems
Household has
no/negative in-
come, but none of
the other housing
problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 3,430 290 320
White 945 195 130
Black / African American 910 40 75
Asian 370 15 54
American Indian, Alaska Native 25 0 0
Pacific Islander 125 0 0
Hispanic 960 45 40
Table 13 - Disproportionally Greater Need 0 - 30% AMI
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS

*The four housing problems are:

1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More than one person per room, 4. Cost Burden greater than 30%

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34 30%-50% of Area Median Income
Housing Problems Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing prob-
lems
Household has
no/negative in-
come, but none of
the other housing
problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 3,035 570 0
White 790 340 0
Black / African American 625 45 0
Asian 285 75 0
American Indian, Alaska Native 19 30 0
Pacific Islander 10 0 0
Hispanic 1,230 75 0
Table 14 - Disproportionally Greater Need 30 - 50% AMI
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS

*The four housing problems are:

1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More than one person per room, 4. Cost Burden greater than 30%

50%-80% of Area Median Income
Housing Problems Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing prob-
lems
Household has
no/negative in-
come, but none of
the other housing
problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 3,600 2,070 0
White 1,315 810 0
Black / African American 590 320 0
Asian 365 180 0
American Indian, Alaska Native 25 40 0
Pacific Islander 0 20 0
Hispanic 1,060 590 0
Table 15 - Disproportionally Greater Need 50 - 80% AMI
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS

*The four housing problems are:

1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More than one person per room, 4. Cost Burden greater than 30%

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35 80%-100% of Area Median Income
Housing Problems Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing prob-
lems
Household has
no/negative in-
come, but none of
the other housing
problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 1,715 1,890 0
White 755 845 0
Black / African American 330 250 0
Asian 145 275 0
American Indian, Alaska Native 0 0 0
Pacific Islander 45 50 0
Hispanic 300 405 0
Table 16 - Disproportionally Greater Need 80 - 100% AMI Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS

*The four housing problems are:

1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More than one person per room, 4. Cost Burden greater than 30% Discussion
Tables 13, 14, 15, and 16 above compare race within the income categories between 0% and 100% AMI. The comparisons within each table exhibit the number of families within the catego- ries experiencing one of the four housing problems.
 Among households with incomes equal to or less than 30% AMI, American Indians (100%) and Pacific Islanders (100%) have one or more housing problems, demonstrating a disproportionately greater need. The Jurisdiction as a whole within this income group shows that 84.9% of households have at least one housing problem.

 Among households with incomes between 30% and 50% of AMI, 94.3% of Hispanic/Latino and 100% of Asian households have one or more housing problems, compared to 84% in the jurisdiction as a whole, therefore demonstrating a disproportionately greater need.

 Among households with incomes between 80% and 100%of AMI, there aren’t any race categories that demonstrate a disproportionately greater need than the jurisdiction as a whole. The jurisdiction as a whole demonstrates 47.6% of families in this income category have one or more housing problems.

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36 NA-20 Disproportionately Greater Need: Severe Housing Problems – 91.205 (b)(2) Assess the need of any racial or ethnic group that has disproportionately greater need in com- parison to the needs of that category of need as a whole.

Introduction
The following tables provide information on the prevalence of severe housing problems across income levels and between racial and ethnic groups to identify groups that have disproportion- ately greater housing needs. Per HUD’s definition, a disproportionately greater need exists when members of a particular racial/ethnic group have at least a 10% greater prevalence of housing need than average in a particular income group.
0%-30% of Area Median Income
Severe Housing Problems* Has one or more of
four housing problems
Has none of the
four housing prob-
lems
Household has
no/negative in-
come, but none of
the other housing
problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 3,025 700 320
White 805 330 130
Black / African American 810 139 75
Asian 305 80 54
American Indian, Alaska Native 25 0 0
Pacific Islander 125 0 0
Hispanic 870 140 40
Table 17 – Severe Housing Problems 0 - 30% AMI
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS
*The four severe housing problems are:

1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More than 1.5 persons per room, 4. Cost Burden over 50%

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37 30%-50% of Area Median Income
Severe Housing Problems* Has one or more of
four housing prob-
lems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative in-
come, but none of
the other housing
problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 1,900 1,710 0
White 565 570 0
Black / African American 390 280 0
Asian 205 150 0
American Indian, Alaska Native 19 35 0
Pacific Islander 4 4 0
Hispanic 675 630 0
Table 18 – Severe Housing Problems 30 - 50% AMI
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS
*The four severe housing problems are:

1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More than 1.5 persons per room, 4. Cost Burden over 50%

50%-80% of Area Median Income
Severe Housing Problems* Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing prob-
lems
Household has
no/negative in-
come, but none of
the other housing
problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 1,300 4,365 0
White 470 1,660 0
Black / African American 285 630 0
Asian 125 430 0
American Indian, Alaska Native 0 65 0
Pacific Islander 0 20 0
Hispanic 390 1,260 0
Table 19 – Severe Housing Problems 50 - 80% AMI
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS
*The four severe housing problems are:

1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More than 1.5 persons per room, 4. Cost Burden over 50%

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38 80%-100% of Area Median Income
Severe Housing Problems* Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing prob-
lems
Household has
no/negative in-
come, but none of
the other housing
problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 615 2,990 0
White 220 1,375 0
Black / African American 135 445 0
Asian 45 380 0
American Indian, Alaska Native 0 0 0
Pacific Islander 20 75 0
Hispanic 155 545 0
Table 20 – Severe Housing Problems 80 - 100% AMI
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS
*The four severe housing problems are:

1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More than 1.5 persons per room, 4. Cost Burden over 50%

Discussion
Similar to the tables listed in NA-15 above, Tables 17-20 compare race within the income catego- ries between 0% and 100% AMI. The comparisons within each table exhibit the number of fami- lies within the categories that may be experiencing one of the four housing problems. This section includes severe housing problems. This review is based on the number of households that demonstrate a disproportionately greater need based on severe housing problems.  Among households listed in the income group less than 30% AMI, American Indians (100%), Pacific Islander (100%), and Hispanic (86%) have one or more severe housing problems, which demonstrates a disproportionately greater need. The Jurisdiction as a whole within this income group shows that 74.8% of households have at least one housing problem.

 Among households in the 8-100% AMI, Black/African Americans (23.3%) have one or more severe housing problems, which demonstrates a disproportionately greater need.

The jurisdiction as a whole within this group shows that 13.8% of households have at least one housing problem. Hispanics in this group do no t meet the definition for dispropor- tionate; however, the groups are very close at 22.1%.

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39 NA-25 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Cost Burdens – 91.205 (b)(2) Assess the need of any racial or ethnic group that has disproportionately greater need in com- parison to the needs of that category of need as a whole.

Introduction:

This section provides information on the prevalence of housing cost burden and severe housing cost burden across racial and ethnic groups to identify groups that have disproportionately greater housing needs. Per HUD’s definition, a disproportionately greater need exists when mem- bers of a particular racial/ethnic group have at least a 10-percent greater prevalence of housing need than average in a particular income group.

Housing Cost Burden
Housing Cost Burden 50% No / negative in-
come (not com-
puted)
Jurisdiction as a whole 20,340 7,885 6,080 315
White 9,350 3,010 2,105 130
Black / African American 2,760 1,225 1,630 75
Asian 3,080 915 665 54
American Indian, Alaska
Native 105 30 39 0
Pacific Islander 320 50 125 0
Hispanic 3,850 2,205 1,340 40
Table 21 – Greater Need: Housing Cost Burdens AMI
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS
Discussion:

After analyzing table 21, there does not appear to be a disproportionately greater need within any racial group for cost burden, except for the Black/ African American race category for greater than 50%, which is considered severely cost-burdened. In the severely cost-burdened category, 29% of black/African American families have a cost burden greater than 50%, demonstrating a disproportionately greater need. This is compared to 17.7% for the whole jurisdiction. The less than 30% and 30-50% categories do not demonstrate any race as having a disproportionately greater need. Data in table 21 are for households in all income groups and do not allow for eval- uation of disproportionately greater need within individual income groups.

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40 NA-30 Disproportionately Greater Need: Discussion – 91.205(b)(2) Are there any Income categories in which a racial or ethnic group has a disproportionately greater need than the needs of that income category as a whole? The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) wants jurisdictions to address the needs of “Extremely Low-Income” populations, which refers to households with incomes be- low 30 percent of the Area Median Income (AMI) for the community. In addition to those families making less than 30 percent of AMI, the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) is a threshold established by the federal government that remains constant throughout the country (and thus does not corre- spond to AMI). Federal statistics can also help the City quantify the extent of the extremely low - income population. The federal government defines poverty as a minimum level of income (ad- justed for household size and composition) necessary to meet basic food, shelter, and clothing needs. For 2021, the FPL for a family of four is $26,500, which is less than the $29,150 threshold for 30 percent of AMI. This means that some households that qualify as extremely low-income in Fairfield are not considered as living below the FPL. This is indicative of the higher cost of living in Solano County as compared to other areas of the country.

As seen in the table below, 10.2 percent of Fairfield re sidents fall below 30 percent of AMI. This data, from the ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook (2021), is based on the HUD Compre- hensive Housing Affordability Strategy ACS tabulation 2013-2017 release. American Indian or Alaska Natives (non-Hispanic) have the highest rate of extremely low-income households (26.1 percent) followed by Black or African American (non-Hispanic) households (16.9 percent), fol- lowed by Hispanic or Latinx households (11.8 percent). Among White (non-Hispanic) households,

7.9 percent are extremely low-income, and among Asian or Asian Pacific Islander households, 7.6 percent are extremely low-income. Those who identify as some other race or multiple races (non- Hispanic) have the lowest rate of extremely low-income households at 6.6 percent).

Household Income Distribution by Race (City of Fairfield) Racial/Ethnic Group 0%-30%
of AMI
31%-50%
of AMI
51%-
80% of
AMI
81%-
100% of
AMI
>100%
of
AMI
American Indian or Alaska
Native, Non-Hispanic

26.1% 26.1% 21.7% 0.0% 26.1%
Asian/API, Non-Hispanic 7.6% 9.9% 12.2% 7.8% 62.5%
Black or African American, Non-
Hispanic

16.9% 12.6% 14.1% 8.6% 47.9%
White, Non-Hispanic 7.9% 7.4% 14.1% 10.6% 59.9%
Other Race or Multiple Race,
Non-Hispanic

6.6% 5.0% 15.9% 11.3% 61.3%
Hispanic or Latinx 11.8% 17.0% 19.6% 11.2% 40.4%
All Households 10.2% 10.8% 15.2% 10.0% 53.9%
Table 22- Household Income Distribution by Race Source: ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook, 2021 Packet Page 1127 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 40 of 156

41 According to ACS 2019 five-year estimates, Fairfield has a poverty rate of 8.6 percent. This is slightly lower than the poverty rate of 9.5 percent in Solano County overall. Poverty rates have dropped in Fairfield and Solano County overall since 2012, from 12.9 percent and 11.9 percent, respectively. Poverty is highest among those who identify as American Indian or Alaska Native (30.5 percent) and lowest among those who identify as Asian or Asian Pacific Islander (5.6 per- cent).

If they have needs not identified above, what are those needs? All needs of racial and ethnic groups have been identified in the needs assessment section Are any of those racial or ethnic groups located in specific areas or neighborhoods in your com- munity?
According to HUD's Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing Maps, the map below shows various racial/Hispanic origin groups in Fairfield and the poverty index for various areas. (Please note that the Low Poverty Index captures the depth and intensity of poverty in a given neighborhood. The index uses both family poverty rates and public assistance receipt in cash welfare, such as Tem- porary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Values are inverted, and percentile ranked nation- ally. The resulting values range from 0 to 100. The higher the score, the less exposure to poverty there is in a neighborhood.)

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42 NA-35 Public Housing – 91.205(b)
Introduction
Although the City of Fairfield does not own or operate any public housing units, the City of Fairfield Housing Authority (FHA ) adminis- ters the Housing Choice Voucher Program for the City of Fairfield. The FHA currently has 767 tenant-based vouchers, 38 Project- Based Vouchers, and 1 VASH Project-Based Voucher in Fairfield, as of September 2021.

The highest concentrations of Housing Choice Voucher holders tend to reside in the c ity's central areas. This includes some areas of low-income and minority household concentrations but also includes areas of the city that do not have those concentrations.

According to the data presented in Table 25 below, 59% of all voucher holders in Fairfield are Black/African Amer ican, 35% of all voucher holders in Fairfield are White. Householders that report other racial backgrounds constitute relatively small proport ions of voucher holders in Fairfield. 11% of voucher holders in FAIRFIELD are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

According to the FHA, 59% of households with Housing Choice Vouchers in the City of FAIRFIELD include members who are classif ied as elderly and/or disabled. This reflects the higher need for Fairfield affordable housing among households that include seniors’ per- sons with disabilities.

Totals in Use
Program Type
Certifi-
cate
Mod-Re-
hab
Public
Housing
Vouchers
Total Project -
based
Tenant -
based
Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans
Affairs
Supportive
Housing
Family
Unifica-
tion Pro-
gram
Disabled
*
# of units vouchers in use 0 0 0 806 38 767 1 0 0
Table 223 - Public Housing by Program Type Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center) *includes Non-Elderly Disabled, Mainstream One-Year, Mainstream Five-year, and Nursing Home Transition

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43 Characteristics of Residents

Program Type
Certifi-
cate
Mod-Re-
hab
Public
Housing
Vouchers
Total Project -
based
Tenant -
based
Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans Af-
fairs Support-
ive Housing
Family Unifica-
tion Program
Average Annual Income 0 0 0 15,196 15,161 15,019 17,871 0 Average length of stay (yrs.) 0 0 0 8 3 8 0 0
Average Household size 0 0 0 2 1 2 2 0
# Homeless at admission 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# of Elderly Program Participants
(>62) 0 0 0 218 2 216 0 0
# of Disabled Families 0 0 0 257 11 242 2 0
# of Families requesting accessibility
features 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# of HIV/AIDS program participants 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# of DV victims 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Table 234 – Characteristics of Public Housing Residents by Program Type Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center)

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44 Race of Residents
Program Type
Race Certifi-
cate
Mod-Re-
hab
Public
Housing
Vouchers
Total Project -
based
Tenant -
based
Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans
Affairs
Support-
ive Hous-
ing
Family
Unifica-
tion Pro-
gram
Disabled
*
White 0 0 0 285 6 275 1 0 0
Black/African American 0 0 0 477 13 460 2 0 0
Asian 0 0 0 28 1 26 0 0 0
American Indian/Alaska Na-
tive 0 0 0 6 0 6 0 0 0
Pacific Islander 0 0 0 10 0 9 1 0 0
Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
*includes Non-Elderly Disabled, Mainstream One-Year, Mainstream Five-year, and Nursing Home Transition Table 25 – Race of Public Housing Residents by Program Type Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center)
Ethnicity of Residents
Program Type
Ethnicity Certifi-
cate
Mod-Re-
hab
Public
Housing
Vouchers
Total Project -
based
Tenant -
based
Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans
Affairs
Supportive
Housing
Family
Unifica-
tion Pro-
gram
Disabled
*
Hispanic 0 0 0 90 0 87 0 0 0
Not Hispanic 0 0 0 716 20 689 4 0 0
*includes Non-Elderly Disabled, Mainstream One-Year, Mainstream Five-year, and Nursing Home Transition Table 26 – Ethnicity of Public Housing Residents by Program Type Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center)

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45 Section 504 Needs Assessment: Describe the needs of public housing tenants and applicants on the waiting list for accessible units:

Although FHA does not own or operate any public housing units, the Housing Authority does track the number of households on the waiting list for Housing Choice Vouchers that include seniors with disabilities. There are a total of 354 households on the waiting list that contain sen- iors with disabilities as of September 2021. The most prevalent housing needs among households with disabilities on the waiting list for Housing Choice vouchers are Fairfield affordability and accessibility.

FHA’s Administrative Plan includes policies to further fair housing for Housing Choice participants and applicants. The policy provides that FHA will work with property owners to encourage rea- sonable accommodation and/or structural alterations or modifications and other accessibility features that are needed for disabled tenants. The City provides funds to landlords through CDBG funding for Housing Rehabilitation to assist with adding accessibility features for low-income families in need.

The City of Fairfield contracts with Fair Housing Advocates of Northern California to assist persons with disabilities in filing fair housing complaints, provide education and technical assistance to housing providers, and provide conciliation services.

Most immediate needs of residents of Public Housing and Housing Choice voucher holders According to data provided by the FHA, in September 2021, the waiting list for Housing Choice vouchers in Fairfield includes 909 households. The FHA also administers the HOME Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (TBRA) Program for homeless Fairfield residence. There are currently 202 ap- plicants on the TBRA waiting list.

Based on this information and other data presented throughout the Consolidated Plan, housing affordability is among the most immediate needs for Housing Choice Voucher holders and house- holds on the waiting list for Housing Choice Vouchers. There is also a significant need for acces- sible units, units for large families, and housing with supportive services. Housing Choice Voucher holders have very low or extremely low-incomes and may have difficulty affording essential goods and services such as food, healthcare, transportation, or childcare. Local service providers report that a lack of affordable childcare is often a barrier to employment for extremely low - income households. Very low-and extremely low-income households in Fairfield are more likely than higher-income households to include individuals with disabilities, suggesting that there is a particular need for accessible units for voucher holders How do these needs compare to the housing needs of the population at large Although the population at large has higher incomes than Housing Choice Voucher holders and therefore does not typically have the same needs as voucher holders, the needs of voucher hold- ers are likely to be more acute among very low-income and extremely low-income households that do not receive vouchers. The number of very low-income and extremely low-income renter households in Fairfield substantially exceeds the number of Housing Choice Vouchers available, Packet Page 1132 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 45 of 156

46 which indicates that there are a number of very low and extremely low-income renter house- holds that do not receive Housing Choice Vouchers and therefore pay market -rate rents that ex- ceed the household Fairfield affordability threshold.

For these households, high market-rate monthly rents may often leave less money available for other needs, and other housing problems such as overcrowding or substandard conditions are likely to be more common.

In Fairfield, undocumented immigrants constitute a portion of lower-income households that are not eligible for Housing Choice Voucher units. Although the FHA is not able to provide Housing Choice Vouchers to undocumented immigrants, the City does allow households that are partially comprised of undocumented immigrants to use Housing Choice Vouchers. The rental subsidy for these households is prorated based on the number of documented household members.

As mentioned above, voucher holders are more likely to need accessible units than the popula- tion at large because a large share of lower-income households includes individuals with disabil- ities. This is reflected in the large number of households with Housing Choice Vouchers that re- port including members with disabilities.

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47 NA-40 Homeless Needs Assessment – 91.205(c)
Introduction:

The City of Fairfield addresses homelessness in coordination with the Community Action Partnership of Solano, Joint Powers Authority (CAP Solano). A governmental community action authority that provides oversight and coordination of homeless and safety net ser- vices in Solano County and serves as the conduit for State Community Services Block Grant funding for safety net support. The City also works with the Solano County Continuum of Care (CoC), a countywide collaborative of nonprofit service providers and govern- ment representatives committed to preventing and ending homelessness in Solano County. The CoC assembles data on the County’s homeless population primarily through a biennial Point-in-Time (PIT) homeless count and the Homeless Management and Information System (HMIS).

In addition, the City conducted a comprehensive Homeless Gaps Analysis in 2020 to identify gaps in services. Gaps were ident ified in seven different program components within the system of care. Evaluation of gaps within each component considered what else i s needed, including new services and expansion of existing services, changes that would make these services more effective and acces- sible, and identification of underserved and high-priority sub-populations. The identified services are listed below.

Shelter and Housing

1. Increase affordable housing options and improve access to available units

2. Increase crisis response options, including the reduction of barriers to access and improvement in utilization of existing re- sources
Access to the System and Its Services

1. Increase the availability, effectiveness, and alignment of services and other community and county resources at Coordin ated Entry access points

2. Strengthen knowledge, understanding, and participation in Coordinated Entry System among clients and within the system of care

3. Improve accessibility of the Coordinated Entry System for consumers Outreach, Case Management, and Referrals

1. Provide more robust outreach that engages clients where they are with key information and resources

2. Ensure clients are linked to mainstream benefits and employment services

3. Streamline referrals process to improve linkage to additional support to foster ongoing stability

4. Support more comprehensive utilization of HMIS
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48 Basic Needs Services

1. Establish a navigation center or drop-in site to serve as a one-stop-shop

2. Expand availability of transportation assistance for clients in encampments and shelters for access to basic services, including for medical appointments and access to basic necessities Children, Youth, and Aging Adults

1. Ensure children and families, youth, and aging adults have access to housing and specific service needs that help them attain and retain housing

2. Ensure children and families, youth, and aging adults have access to health and behavioral health services Health and Behavioral Health Services

1. Establish and promote partnerships and collaboration with health care providers, on -site shelters and intersecting health and behavioral health systems, including Solano County Behavioral Health, to support people experiencing homelessness and those at risk of entering homelessness

2. Increase mental health and residential substance abuse tr eatment options

3. Expand efforts to educate consumers about COVID-19 and provide resources like masks and sanitation options Education, Skill Building and Employment Services

1. Strengthen collaboration between homeless service providers, the Workforce Development Board of Solano County, and em- ployers willing to provide living-wage job opportunities for people experiencing homelessness, including employer incentives and low-threshold programs for employed clients
Community Engagement and Support

1. Improve public understanding of homelessness and the local response, including local success stories that tie into goals and current strategic planning areas

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49 If data is not available for the categories "number of persons becoming and exiting homelessness each year," and "number of days that persons experience homelessness," describe these categories for each homeless population type (including chronically hom e- less individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompan ied youth):

Persons Entering the Homeless System by Sub-Population
Sub-Population February – July 2019 February – July 2020 Aging Adults (62 or older) 36 10% 26 11%
Chronically Homeless 127 32% 107 43%
Persons with HIV/AIDS 0 — 0 —
Survivors of Domestic Violence 50 13% 38 16%
Unaccompanied Youth 28 8% 13 5%
Veterans 14 4% 6 2%
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50 Nature and Extent of Homelessness: (Optional)
Race of Persons Entering the Homeless System and Clients Enrolled in Shelter and Housing Race Entering Homeless
System (February–
July 2019)
Shelter/Housing
(February–July
2019)
Entering Homeless
System (February–
July 2020)
Shelter/Housing
(February–July
2020)
# % # % # % # %
American Indian or Alaska Native 7 2% 24 5% 2 1% 7 2%
Asian 9 2% 5 1% 12 5% 14 3%
Black or African American 221 53% 175 37% 111 42% 165 38% Multiple Races 28 7% 55 12% 18 7% 27 6%
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific
Islander
10 2% 5 1% 2 1% 13 3%
White 145 35% 207 44% 118 45% 207 48%
Hispanic or Latino 55 13% 90 19% 27 10% 61 14%
Non-Hispanic or Latino 365 87% 381 81% 236 90% 372 86%
Table 28- Race of Persons Entering Homeless System

Estimate the number and type of families in need of housing assistance for families with chil- dren and the families of veterans.

Households with Children
Thirty-eight percent of Fairfield residents who entered the local homeless system of care be- tween February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020, identified as living in a household with children and adults (397 persons). Thirty-four percent of Fairfield’s sheltered population during the same pe- riod also identified as living in a household with children and adults (298 persons). Households with children were also overrepresented (50%) compared to households with children in Solano County outside Fairfield. Seventeen percent of Fairfield shelter and housing beds were dedicated to households with children.

In addition, 19% of Fairfield residents who entered the homeless system between February 1 and July 31, 2020, identified as living in a household with children and adults (49 persons), a decrease from 43% during the same period in 2019 (181 persons). Twenty-eight percent of Fairfield’s shel- tered population also identified as living in a household with adults and children (120 persons), a decrease from 41% during the same period in 2019 (193 persons).

Households without Children
Fifty-nine percent of Fairfield residents who entered the local homeless system of care between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020, identified as living in a household without children (614 persons). During the same period, sixty-five percent of Fairfield’s sheltered population was also identified as living in a household without children (575 persons). Households without children were also overrepresented (50%) compared to households without children in Solano County outside Fairfield. Eighty-three percent of shelter and housing beds in Fairfield were also dedi- cated for households without children.

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51 In addition, 76% of Fairfield residents who entered the homeless system between Februar y 1 and July 31, 2020, identified as living in a household without children (201 persons), an increase from 57% during the same period in 2019. Seventy-two percent of Fairfield’s sheltered population be- tween February 1 and July 31, 2020, identified as living in a household without children (311 persons), an increase from 59% during the same period in 2019 (278 persons). In addition, 83% of Fairfield shelter and housing beds were dedicated to households without children.

Households with Only Children
Two percent of Fairfield residents who entered the local homeless system of care between Feb- ruary 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020, identified as living in a household with only children (25 per- sons). One percent of Fairfield’s sheltered population during the same period also identified as living in a household with only children (six persons). Households with only children were also underrepresented (15%) compared to households with only children in Solano County outside Fairfield. No shelter or housing beds in Fairfield were dedicated to households with only children.

In addition, 5% of Fairfield residents who entered the homeless system between February 1 and July 31, 2020, identified as living in a household with only children (13 persons), an increase from no clients during the same period in 2019. Less than 1% of Fairfield’s sheltered population be- tween February 1 and July 31, 2020, was identified as living in a household with only children (2 persons), a slight increase from no clients during the same period in 2019. In addition, no shelter or housing beds in Fairfield were dedicated for households with only children.

Veterans
Four percent of Fairfield residents who entered the local homeless system of care between Feb- ruary 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020, identified as veterans (45 persons). Veterans also comprised 12% of Fairfield’s sheltered population during the same period (104 persons). In addition, 2% of Fairfield residents who entered the homeless system between February 1 and July 31, 2020, iden- tified as veterans, a slight decrease from 4% during the same period in 2019. Veterans also com- prised 12% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1 and July 31, 2020, an increase from 6% during the same period in 2019. Robust efforts to connect homeless veterans to housing and services, as well as the substantial number of resources dedicated to veterans relative to other subpopulations, may have contributed to a low percentage of veterans in Fairfield entering the homeless system in recent years.

In addition, veterans were overrepresented (+19%) compared to veterans in Solano County out- side Fairfield, which may be related to several countywide programs in Fairfield. 33% of Fairfield shelter and housing beds are dedicated to households with veterans, and those beds serve Vet- erans throughout the entire county.

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52 Describe the Nature and Extent of Homelessness by Racial and Ethnic Group.

An analysis of data entered into HMIS by the Coordinated Entry System and shelter and housing providers revealed clear divisions in how different racial groups in Fairfield are represented among the City’s homeless population. In addition, the analysis identified important distinctions in how members of different racial groups experiencing homelessness in Fairfield a ccess local shelter and housing programs.

Perhaps the most striking finding in this analysis concerns the difference between Black or African Americans and white residents experiencing homelessness and the degree to which members of both populations are able to access shelter or housing opportunities for formerly homeless per- sons. While Black or African Americans are vastly overrepresented among the City’s homeless population relative to the group’s portion of the City’s general population, Black or African Amer- icans are simultaneously underrepresented among residents experiencing homelessness who are able to access shelter or permanent housing interventions. In contrast, white residents are sig- nificantly underrepresented among the City’s homeless population relative to the group’s por- tion of the general population. At the same time, white residents experiencing homelessness are overrepresented among the City’s homeless population who receive shelter or permanent hous- ing placements. In other words, the disparities that can contribute to an individual’s homeless- ness situation should not be understood as limited to broader social, economic, legal, or political factors existing outside the local homeless system of care; as these findings suggest, these dis- parities are also present within the homeless system of care itself.

American Indian or Alaska Native
American Indians or Alaska Natives comprised 1% of Fairfield’s general population and 2% of residents who entered the local homeless system of care between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (22 persons). American Indians or Alaska Natives also comprised 4% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (32 persons). In addition, American In- dians or Alaska Natives comprised less than 1% of Fairfield residents who entered the homeless system between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (two persons), a slight decrease from 2% during the same period in 2019 (seven persons). American Indians or Alaska Natives also comprised 1% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (seven persons), a de- crease from 5% during the same period in 2019 (24 persons).

Asian
Asians comprised 17% of Fairfield’s general population and 2% of residents who entered the local homeless system of care between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (23 persons). Asians also comprised 2% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (21 persons). In addition, Asians comprised 5% of Fairfield residents who entered the homeless system between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (12 persons), an increase from 2% during the same period in 2019 (9 persons). Asians also comprised 3% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (14 persons), an increase from 1% during the same period in 2019 (5 persons).

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53 Black or African-American
Black or African Americans comprised 15% of Fairfield’s general population and 49% of residents who entered the local homeless system of care between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (503 persons). Black or African-Americans also comprised 38% of Fairfield’s sheltered population be- tween February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (335 persons). In addition, Black or African Americans comprised 42% of residents who entered the homeless system between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (111 persons), a decrease from 53% during the same period in 2019 (221 persons). Black or African-Americans also comprised 38% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (165 persons), a slight increase from 37% during the same period in 2019 (175 persons).

Multiple Races
Persons of multiple races comprised 8% of Fairfield’s general population and 7% of residents who entered the local homeless system of care between February 1 , 2019, and July 31, 2020 (69 per- sons). Persons of multiple races also comprised 9% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (82 persons). In addition, persons of multiple races comprised 7% of residents who entered the homeless system between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (18 persons). The same was true for the same six-month period in 2019 (when 24 persons of multiple races entered the homeless system), even as the overall number of persons of multiple races entering the homeless system declined. Persons of multiple races also comprised 6% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (27 persons), a decrease from 12% during the same period in 2019 (55 persons).

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders comprised 1% of Fairfield’s general population and 2% of residents who entered the local homeless system of care between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (16 persons). Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders also comprised 2% of Fair- field’s sheltered population between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (17 persons). In addi- tion, Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders comprised less than 1% of residents who entered the homeless system between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (two persons), a slight decrease from 2% during the same period in 2019 (10 persons). Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders also comprised 3% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (13 per- sons), an increase from 1% during the same period in 2019 (five persons).

White
White residents comprised 49% of Fairfield’s general population and 39% of residents who en- tered the local homeless system of care between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (403 per- sons). Whites also comprised 45% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020 (392 persons). In addition, whites comprised 45% of residents who entered the homeless system between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (118 persons), an increase from 35% during the same period in 2019 (145 persons). Whites also comprised 48% of Fairfield’s sheltered population between February 1 and July 31, 2020 (207 persons), an increase from 44% during Packet Page 1140 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 53 of 156

54 the same period in 2019 (207 persons), even as the overall number of whites in shelter or housing remained stable.

Describe the Nature and Extent of Unsheltered and Sheltered Homelessness.

The Fairfield GAPS Analysis
 An estimated 879 unduplicated persons experiencing homelessness in the City of Fairfield were enrolled in a shelter or housing program between February 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020.

In addition, an estimated 433 unduplicated persons experiencing homelessness in the City were enrolled in a shelter or housing program between February 1 and July 31, 2020, a slight decrease from an estimated 471 persons who were enrolled at a shelter or housing program in the City during the same period in 2019.

 Relative to their share of the general population, Black or African American individuals were overrepresented among the homeless population. In addition, Black or African American in- dividuals experiencing homelessness were less likely to enroll in a shelter or housing program relative to other homeless populations.

According to a Fairfield community survey conducted in September 2020, 99% of community members described homelessness in Fairfield as a serious and urgent concern, with 86% of re- spondents adding that homelessness in Fairfield has directly impacted their lives. In addition, 90% of surveyed stakeholders cited homelessness as one of the top challenges facing community members in the City of Fairfield, followed by lack of affordable housing (75%); lack of mental health services (55%); unemployment, and lack of living-wage jobs (35%); and substance abuse (30%).

Key Findings:

1. The number of homeless persons in Fairfield identified during the Point -in-Time Count de- creased significantly between 2017 and 2019.

2. The number of persons in Fairfield entering the homeless system has decreased since 2019.

3. The number of persons in Fairfield enrolled in a shelter or housing program has slightly de- creased since 2019.

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55 NA-45 Non-Homeless Special Needs Assessment - 91.205 (b,d) Introduction:

The following section addresses the needs of individuals who are not homeless but require sup- portive housing and highlights the needs among these groups. These individuals include, but are not limited to:
 Elderly (defined as 62 and older)
 Frail elderly (defined as an elderly person who requires assistance with three or more activities of daily living, such as bathing, walking, and performing light housework)  Persons with mental, physical, and/or developmental disabilities  Large Households
 Female-headed households
 Farmworkers
 Military Employees at Travis Air Force Base

Describe the characteristics of special needs populations in your community:

The following summarizes some of the special housing needs identified in the City of Fairfield’s Housing Needs Assessment. Households with special needs include elderly households, persons with physical and mental disabilities, large households, single-parent households (female-headed households with children under the age of 18), and homeless persons.

Disabled households. According to the ACS 2015-2019 survey, 11.6% (13,038 persons) of Fair- field's civilian, the non-institutionalized population, had a disability.

Elderly
Elderly residents have many different housing needs, depending on their age, level of income, current tenure status, cultural background, and health status. Elderly households may need as- sistance with personal and financial affairs, networks of care to provide services and daily assis- tance, and even possible architectural design features that would accommodate disabilities that would help ensure continued independent living.

Mental Physical, and/or developmental disabilities
According to the ACS Date for 2015-2019, 4,945 (4.7%) of disabled individuals in the City have a cognitive disability. The majority of the individuals are in the age range of 18 to 64. 6,431(6.2%) individuals reported having an ambulatory disability that prevented them from getting around. 8% of the disabled population in the City of Fairfield have difficult y with self-care and independ- ent living.

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56 Large Families
Large families are those households of five or more related individuals. The special need of this group is for housing of sufficient size and number of bedrooms that would prevent overcrowding.

Cost is an important consideration, as many large families do not have sufficient income to afford larger homes or apartments. The 2019 American Community Survey reported 5,870 large house- holds with five or more members, including 3,503 owner-occupied households and 2,367 renter- occupied households. About 16.1 percent of owner-occupied households and 15.8 percent of renter-occupied households were considered large households.

Compared to surrounding jurisdictions, Fairfield had a higher proportion of large -family house- holds. ACS Data shows that while about 16.0 percent of households in Fairfield are considered large households, only 13.1 percent in Solano County and 10.8 percent in the Bay Area are. Of the large families within Fairfield, approximately 37.3 percent are considered lower-income households (i.e., households below 80 percent AMI). This is only slightly higher than the propor- tion for all other household types at 35.3 percent
Female-Headed Households
Female-headed families, including those with children, are identified as a special needs group because they are more likely to be low-income and face difficulty in finding affordable housing.

As shown in There were about 5,353 female-headed households and 2,720 male-headed house- holds in Fairfield. These households were 14.6 percent and 7.4 percent, respectively, of Fairfield’s total number of households. Female-headed households represented about 10.7 percent of owner-occupied households and 20.2 percent of renter-occupied households. Of the 5,353 fe- male-headed households in Fairfield, about 64.6 percent of them had minor children under 18 years old. About 27.5 percent of female-headed households with children were under the pov- erty line, while only 6.9 percent of households without children were. This de monstrates that female-headed households with children are more likely to have more significant housing needs and face difficulties in finding affordable housing.

Farmworkers
Farmworkers are traditionally defined as people whose primary incomes are earned through per- manent or seasonal agricultural labor. Farmworkers are generally considered to have special housing needs due to their limited income and the often-unstable nature of their employment.

In addition, farmworker households tend to have high poverty rates, live disproportionately in housing that is in the poorest condition, have very high rates of overcrowding, and have low homeownership rates. Given the high rate of urb anization in Fairfield over the past 30 years, along with changes in local agriculture industries, farmworker residents are likely to be perma- nent rather than migrant farmworkers. The special housing needs among the permanent farm- worker population are for the same type of financial assistance that other low-income residents would require.

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57 Although farmworkers still represent a special housing need in many communities, the advent of mechanization in harvesting crops, new planting techniques, and changes in the types of crops grown have substantially reduced the overall number of farmworkers and the proportion of mi- grant farmworkers. Urbanization has further decreased agricultural employment in Solano County.

Military Employees Of Travis Air Force Base
Travis Air Force Base (AFB) is located in the northeastern part of the city. The base has a long history of supporting humanitarian airlift operations at home and worldwide. As of 2019, the base had over 12,000 military members and civilian employees.

By nature of their employment, enlisted military personnel are mobile and have relatively low- income levels. Housing needs for this group include rental housing that is affordable to low - and moderate-income households and available on a monthly basis (in contrast to a long-term lease).

Military personnel with dependents also need affordable family housing with recreational amen- ities for children. Currently, several dormitories, visiting quarters, and temporary lodging facilities are available at the base. Balfour Beatty Communities owns the family housing and is responsible for maintaining, repairing, constructing, and managing the community. As of FY 2019, Balfour Beatty operated 1,278 privatized on-base housing units with a capacity for 5,112 persons. These units include a mixture of two-, three-, and four-bedroom units similar in appearance and amen- ities to private housing in the local market.

To ensure that housing needs are met for personnel, housing must be flexible and affordable.

In the past, strict owner-occupancy requirements for affordable housing have been an issue for base personnel, especially when personnel is rotated or leave the service. However, in recent years there has been more flexibility, including allowing personnel who own homes to rent them out for a period of time.

What are the housing and supportive service needs of these populations and how are these needs determined?
The City will continue to focus on preserving and improving existing housing and neighborhoods by directing resources to physical rehabilitation, neighborhood revitalization, and upgrading property management to improve living conditions for residents. The City’s Housing Services De- partment continues to seek developers to build afforda ble housing units and has multiple pro- jects underway.

The City also offers a Housing Rehabilitation Program through the CDBG funding that supports low-income owner-occupied units with rehabilitation loans and grants. The City will continue to Packet Page 1144 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 57 of 156

58 seek out other grant opportunities to support the maintenance, development, and preservation of affordable housing to meet the needs of the special needs populations.

Crime Free Multifamily Housing Program
This program works with property owners and management companies citywide, focusing on improving the safety of apartment complexes and neighborhoods. This program does not create new housing units but helps ensure the livability of existing communities and neighborhoods Discuss the size and characteristics of the population with HIV/AIDS and their families within the Eligible Metropolitan Statistical Area:

According to the California Department of Public Health, California HIV Surveillance Report 2017, 1,317 people in Solano County have been diagnosed as having HIV. T he Solano County Health and Social Services Department reports a growing need for immediate emergency housing, rental assistance, housing with supportive services such as nursing homes, and increased home health services for people with AIDS.

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59 NA-50 Non-Housing Community Development Needs – 91.215 (f) Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Facilities:

There is an ongoing need for public facilities, particularly parks, recreation centers, and facilities for special needs populations. The City is in the design development process for a new multi- purpose facility located on North Texas Street near the Linear Park Trail. Once constructed, this multi-purpose facility is intended to have space for community use, youth facilities, an outdoor recreational component, and city offices. Construction is anticipated to commence in late 2023/early 2024.

Throughout the City, aging facilities need improvement or repair and are identified in the Capital Improvement Program (CIP). Many of the facilities that serve neighborhoods in CDBG Target Ar- eas and the low-income communities would greatly benefit from enhancement and investment in new public facilities.

How were these needs determined?
The city updated its ADA/504 Self-Evaluation and Transition Plan in 2019-2020. The work in- cluded a comprehensive survey of all city programs, services, activities, policies, buildings, parks, parking lots, and public rights-of-way. The scope of work included 4,512 curb ramps, 668 linear miles of sidewalk, 135 intersections, and 223 bus stops. In addition, 47 facilities and parks were surveyed for accessibility.

As part of the process, the city conducted public outreach with the community and stakeholders.

Surveys were made available for city staff, community members, and organizations representing persons with disabilities. The surveys were made available in multiple languages and advertised via different forms of media.

Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Improvements:

There is an ongoing need for public improvements, particularly for streets and sidewalks. Many older neighborhoods were built without adequate sidewalks, curbs, gutters, and proper drainage , or they suffer from old age, heavy use, and deferred maintenance, making existing improvements inefficient and unreliable. City staff has identified major corridors in need of public improve- ments, which, if completed, would lead to job growth and economic advancement. The City will focus on improvements identified in the CIP list that the City has devel oped to determine the City's priority public improvement needs.

How were these needs determined?
Public improvement needs were determined through the 2019 -2020 ADA/504 Self-Evaluation and Transition Plan Survey, Capital Improvement Program (CIP), the City of Fairfield General Plan, and staff consultation.

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60 Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Services:

Public service needs in Fairfield include supportive services for homeless or at risk of homeless- ness, fair housing activities, services for youth, and supportive services to help elderly and frail elderly residents with developmental disabilities live independently. These needs are docu- mented in detail in other sections throughout the Needs Assessment section of the Consolidated Plan.

How were these needs determined?
The need for various public services was determined by:
1) analyzing the data presented in the Needs Assessment of the Consolidated Plan, 2) comments received during the consultation,
3) the citizen participation process, and
4) a community survey.

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61 Housing Market Analysis
MA-05 Overview
Housing Market Analysis Overview:

This section of the Consolidated Plan provides information on Fairfield's housing inventory, in- cluding housing costs affordable housing supply, and the condition of housing units. It also pro- vides information on different housing types such as housing for the homeless, and housing for those who have special needs that create barriers to access affordable housing. Finally, this section includes an overview of Fairfield's economic characteristics, such as the industries lo- cated in the city, the types of jobs held by residents, and the skills and education levels of the city's workforce. Along with the Needs Assessment, the Market Analysis is used to inform the Strategic Plan section of the Consolidated Plan by identifying the City's needs.

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62 MA-10 Number of Housing Units – 91.210(a)&(b)(2)
Introduction
In 2017 the City of Fairfield had 37,464 housing units, of which 67% were single-family detached structures, and 6% were single-family attached structures. Twenty-four percent (24%) of the units were multi-family units ranging from 2- to 20 or more units on the site. Two percent (2%) of the units are non-permanent living structures such as mobile homes, boats, vans, etc.

All residential properties by number of units
Property Type Number %
1-unit detached structure 25,225 67%
1-unit, attached structure 2,425 6%
2-4 units 2,320 6%
5-19 units 4,410 12%
20 or more units 2,225 6%
Mobile Home, boat, RV, van, etc. 859 2%
Total 37,464 100%
Table 29 – Residential Properties by Unit Number
Data Source: 2013-2017 ACS

Unit Size by Tenure
Owners Renters
Number % Number %
No bedroom 80 0% 385 2%
1 bedroom 175 1% 2,440 16%
2 bedrooms 1,360 7% 5,820 37%
3 or more bedrooms 18,410 92% 7,090 45%
Total 20,025 100% 15,735 100%
Table 30 – Unit Size by Tenure
Data Source: 2013-2017 ACS

Describe the number and targeting (income level/type of family served) of units assisted with federal, state, and local programs.

There are 1,454 units of “assisted” (subsidized) affordable housing in the City of Fairfield for low- income households and seniors, as detailed in the City’s 2022 Housing Element and 2022 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice. These units include 21 subsidized developments with 1,261 units for low-and very low-income households of all ages. In addition, three senior housing developments contain 410 assisted units for seniors and disabled individuals. One of the most significant barriers to producing additional affordable housing units is a lack of funding coupled with high construction costs. Funding has become more limited in recent years due to the disso- lution of California Redevelopment Agencies in California. The loss of the Fairfield Redevelop- ment Agency has considerably reduced the funding sources available for affordable housing, Packet Page 1149 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 62 of 156

63 causing affordable housing developers to become increasingly dependent on the limited remain- ing sources.

Provide an assessment of units expected to be lost from the affordable housing inventory for any reason, such as expiration of Section 8 contracts.

Several projects have Housing Choice Voucher-based subsidies tied to their original construction loans. These properties, which received government assistance to help fund development, are one of Fairfield's larger sources of affordable housing. The original federal programs included provisions allowing property owners to convert their projects to market rents. Under State law, units “at-risk” are those in projects with project-based subsidies that are eligible to convert to market-rate within five years. “Low risk” indicates the property may convert within a five-to ten- year period, and “low risk” indicates that a property cannot convert for at least ten years.

The California Housing Partnership estimates that there are 1,454 assisted low-income units in Fairfield, about 29.1 percent of all such units within Solano County. Table 1-44 shows that while most units in Fairfield are at low risk of conversion, there are 110 units (7.6 percent) at moderate risk and 60 units (4.1 percent) at high risk. California Housing Partnership’s Preservation Database is the state’s most comprehensive source of information on subsidized affordable housing at risk of losing its affordable status and converting to market-rate housing. This database does not in- clude all deed-restricted affordable units in the state. Consequently, at-risk assisted units in a jurisdiction may not be captured in this data table.

Assisted Units at Risk of Conversion
Fairfield Solano County Bay Area
Risk Level1 Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Low Risk 1,284 88.3% 4,785 95.8% 110,177 94.6%
Moderate Risk 110 7.6% 152 3.0% 3,375 2.9%
High Risk 60 4.1% 60 1.2% 1,854 1.6%
Very High Risk 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1,053 0.9%
Total Assisted Units 1,454 100.0% 4,997 100.0% 116,459 100.0% Table 31-Assisted Units at Risk of Conversion
There are no specific projects in Fairfield’s Assisted Housing Inventory at risk of conversion to market-rate during the Planning Period.

The assisted housing inventory is available is below. There is a significant number of assisted rental housing units, which includes units assisted under federal, state, and local programs.

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64 Fairfield Assisted Housing Inventory
Project Name Tenant Type Low-Income
Units
Total
Units
Construction
Completion
Expiration
Date
Sunset Creek Large Family 75 76 09/07/95 08/24/50
Kennedy Court Large Family 32 32 02/01/96 01/18/51
Fairfield Vista
Apartments
Large Family 59 60 12/28/98 12/14/53
Woodsong Village
Apartments
Non-Targeted 110 112 01/31/98 01/17/53
Sunset Manor
Apartments
Large Family 146 148 07/31/99 07/17/54
Woodside Court
Apartments
Non-Targeted 127 129 07/27/00 07/14/55
Hampton Place /
Gateway Village
Large Family 55 56 08/24/01 08/10/56
Dover Woods
Senior Apartments
Senior 198 200 07/02/04 06/19/59
Laurel Gardens
Apartments
Special Needs 29 30 05/26/06 05/12/61
Union Square II Large Family 24 24 07/28/05 07/14/60
Fairfield Heights
Apartments
Large Family 51 52 12/31/05 12/17/60
Senior Manor Senior 83 84 09/01/09 08/18/64
Signature at
Fairfield
Large Family 92 93 01/19/12 01/05/67
Monument Arms
Apartments
At-Risk 88 92 06/09/15 05/26/70
Sunset Creek
Apartments1
Non-Targeted 75 76 - -
Total 1,244 1,264

1. This project is in the preliminary reservation application stage.

Table 32- Fairfield Assisted Housing Inventory
Source: City of Fairfield

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65 Does the availability of housing units meet the needs of the population? The availability of housing does not meet the needs of the Fairfield population Describe the need for specific types of housing:

Certain groups have greater difficulty finding suitable affordable housing due to their special needs and circumstances. It may result from employment and income, family characteristics, dis- ability, or household characteristics. Consequently, certain residents in the City of Fairfield may experience more housing cost burdens, overcrowding, or other housing problems. The categories of special needs categories include:
 Extremely low-income households
 Elderly households
 Persons with disabilities, including developmental disabilities  Large households
 Female-headed households
 Persons experiencing homelessness
 Farmworkers
 Military employees of Travis Air Force Base
Elderly
Elderly residents have many different housing needs, depending on their age, level of income, current tenure status, cultural background, and health status. Elderly households may need as- sistance with personal and financial affairs, networks of care to provide services and daily assis- tance, and even possible architectural design features that would accommodate disabilities that would help ensure continued independent living. Table 1 -10 shows the distribution of Fairfield seniors by racial group compared to the population of other age groups. The majority of seniors in Fairfield identify as White (56.8 percent), followed by Asian or Asian Pacific Islander (22.2 per- cent) and Black or African American (15.2 percent). Fairfield’s seniors are slightly less diverse than its other age groups.

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66 Senior and Youth Population by Race (City of Fairfield) Age 0-17 Age 18-64 Age 65+
Race Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
American Indian or
Alaska Native (Hispanic
and Non-Hispanic)
73 0.2% 372 0.5% 116 0.8%
Asian/API (Hispanic
and Non-Hispanic)
4399 15.0% 13,502 18.8% 3,126 22.2%
Black or African
American (Hispanic
and Non-Hispanic)
3,769 12.6% 11,706 16.3% 2,146 15.2%
White (Hispanic and
Non-Hispanic)
13,392 45.8% 35,510 49.4% 8,004 56.8%
Other Race of Multiple
Race (Hispanic and
Non-Hispanic)
7,701 26.3% 10,861 15.1% 695 4.9%
Total 29,244 100% 71,951 100% 14,087 100%
Table 32- Senior and Youth Population by race
Source: ABAG-MTC

Table 33- Senior Income by Tenure
Source: ABAG-MTC

One potential elderly housing needs that may require a specific governmental response is low incomes among older adults. As seen in Table 32, according to the ABAG-MTC Housing Data Needs Workbook, 12.2 percent of older adults aged 62 and over in Fairfield have an income be- low 30 percent of AMI, which is higher than among the overall population. As they age, older adults may face additional housing costs to ensure their homes remain accessible and eliminate health and safety threats. Like all lower-income residents, many older adult residents may face overpayment problems or cannot find affordable rental units at all. As seen in Table 33, senior Senior Households1 by Income and Tenure (City of Fairfield) Owner Occupied Renter Occupied All Senior Households
Income Group Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 0%-30% of AMI 345 6.0% 635 27.3% 980 12.2%
31%-50% of AMI 650 11.3% 459 19.8% 1,109 13.8%
51%-80% of AMI 1,200 20.9% 365 15.7% 1,565 19.4%
81%-100% of
AMI
544 9.5% 225 9.7% 769 9.5%
>100% of AMI 3,000 52.3% 640 27.5% 3,640 45.1%
Total 5,739 100% 2,324 100% 8,063 100%
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67 renters are more likely to fall into the extremely low-income or low-income categories than sen- iors who own their homes.

The table below shows the percentage of those senior households at each income level that spend less than 30 percent of their income on housing costs, between 30 and 50 percent of their income on housing costs, and more than 50 percent of their incom e on housing costs. Those senior households considered extremely low-income (making less than 30 percent of AMI) are the group most likely to be spending more than 50 percent of their overall household income on housing costs at 62.8 percent.

Table 34- Cost Burdened Senior Households
Other potential elderly housing needs that may require a specific governmental response include:

Assisted living facilities. Assisted living facilities provide elderly residents with the oppor- tunity to maintain an independent housing unit while receiving needed medical services and social support. Congregate care facilities include housing with medical and health services.

Relocation assistance. Some elderly residents need help in relocating to a dwelling that bet- ter suits their space and income needs.

Mobility impairment. Mobility-impaired elderly residents require special accessibility fea- tures in their dwelling units. Mobility impairment may require that special accessibility features be included in the design and construction of a home. Mobility impairment can also create a need for a living arrangement that includes health, meals, cleaning, and/or other services as part of the housing package. A number of living arrangements are pos- sible, from senior citizen developments with individual dwelling units to assisted living facilities to 24-hour support services.

Senior Housing Currently, the City of Fairfield has 854 units specifically reserved for senior housing. Of that total, 383 units are restricted to be affordable. Thus, there is one desig- nated senior housing unit for approximately every ten senior households in Fairfield.

However, many senior households may prefer to stay in their existing residences well into retirement. Senior housing may be most attractive to the oldest cohort (85 years and older), and the 854 existing units may be adequate for current populations in that cohort.

However, the City will continue to support senior housing construction, particularly near Cost-Burdened Senior Households1 by Income Level (City of Fairfield) % of Income Used for Housing Costs 0%-30%
of AMI
31%-50%
of AMI
51%-
80% of
AMI
81%-
100% of
AMI
>100%
of AMI
50% of Income 62.8% 53.7% 21.1% 9.6% 2.5%
Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
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68 services such as shopping, medical care, and recreation, to prepare for the aging popula- tion.

Senior Housing
Facility Name Address Units Affordable Project Type
Rockville Terrace Business Center
Drive
160 No Assisted Living
Paradise Valley Estates Paradise Valley
Drive
70 No Cottages (20);
Apartments
(50)
Senior Manor 1101 Union Ave 84 Yes
Woodcreek Senior
Commons
Woodcreek Drive at
Oliver Road
96 No
Dover Woods 2801 Dover Avenue 200 Yes
The Village at Rancho
Solano
Rancho Solano
Parkway
1451 No Assisted Living
Parkway Plaza 188 East Alaska
Ave.
99 Yes All one-
bedroom units
Table 35-Senior Housing
Notes: Includes an additional 52 memory care units.

Source: City of Fairfield, 2021

Persons With Disabilities
Persons with disabilities have physical or mental impairments that require special housing de- signed for self-sufficiency. According to 2019, American Community Survey estimates compiled by ABAG, 13,038 persons (11.6 percent of the non-institutionalized population) in Fairfield had a disability. This proportion is about equivalent to Solano County and slightly higher than that of the Bay Area, see Figure 1-1
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69 Population by Disability Status, 2019
Source: ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook (U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015- 2019), Table B18101)
Disability can further be broken down into six categories. The Census Bureau provides the fol- lowing definitions for these disability types:
 Hearing difficulty: deaf or has serious difficulty hearing.  Vision difficulty: blind or has serious difficulty seeing even with glasses.  Cognitive difficulty: has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making deci- sions.
 Ambulatory difficulty: has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs.  Self-care difficulty: has difficulty dressing or bathing.  Independent living difficulty has difficulty doing errands alone, such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping.

These disability types are counted separately and are not mutually exclusive, as an individual may report more than one disability; thus, these counts should not be summed. Figure 1 -2 provides a breakdown of Fairfield’s adult population by disability type. The most prevalent disability was ambulatory difficulty at 5.6 percent.

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70 Figure 1-2: Fairfield Disability by Type, 2019
Source: ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook (U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015- 2019), Table B18102, Table B18103, Table B18104, Table B18105, Table B18106, Table B18107)

Further, residents with disabilities may have more difficulty in finding employment. In Fairfield, according to 2019 ACS estimates compiled by ABAG, approximately 14.6 percent of the civilian noninstitutionalized population 18 years to 64 years in the labor force with a disability were unemployed, while only 5.2 percent of those with no disability were unemployed. The census considers individuals to not be in the labor force if they are not employed and are either not available to take a job or are not looking for one. This category typically includes discouraged workers, students, retired workers, stay-at-home parents, and seasonal workers who are not looking for work in an off-season.

Given the barriers faced by persons with disabilities, the provision of affordable and barrier-free housing is essential to meet their housing needs. There are two approaches to housing design for residents with disabilities: adaptability and accessibility. Adaptable housing is a design concept in which a dwelling unit contains design features that allow for accessibility and use by mobility - impaired individuals with only minor modifications. An accessible unit has the actual special fea- tures installed in the house (grab bars, special cabinetry). The State requires design or accessibil- ity modifications to address these needs, such as access ramps, wider doorways, assist bars in bathrooms, lower cabinets, elevators, and the acceptance of service animals.

Developmental Disabilities
According to Section 4512 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, a “developmental disability” originates before an individual attains age 18 years, continues, or can be expected to continue, indefinitely, and constitutes a substantial disability for that individual. Developmental disabilities Packet Page 1157 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 70 of 156

71 include intellectual disabilities, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and autism. This term shall also include disabling conditions closely related to intellectual disability or to require treatment similar to that required for individuals with an intellectual disability but shall not include other disabling condi- tions that are solely physical.

Many developmentally disabled persons can live and work independently within a conventional housing environment. More severely disabled individuals require a group living environment where supervision is provided. The most severely affected individuals may require an institu- tional environment where medical attention and physical therapy are provided. Because devel- opmental disabilities exist before adulthood, the first issue in supportive housing for the devel- opmentally disabled is the transition from the person’s living situation as a child to an appropriate level of independence as an adult.

The California Department of Developmental Services (DDS) is responsible for overseeing the co- ordination and delivery of services to more than 330,000 Californians with developmental disa- bilities, including cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, Down Syndrome, autism, epilepsy, and re- lated conditions through a network of 21 regional centers and state -operated facilities.

DDS consumer data compiled by ABAG estimates the number of Fairfield residents with a devel- opmental disability. The table below shows that the vast majority of residents with a develop- mental disability live in the home of a parent/family/guardian. Further, approximately 59.9 per- cent (701 persons) of the population with a developmental disability is over 18, while 40.1 per- cent (470 persons) are under 18 years old.

Fairfield Population with Developmental Disabilities by Residence Residence Type Number Percent
Home of
Parent/Family/Guardian
834 71.1%
Community Care Facility 177 15.1%
Independent/Supported Living 110 9.4%
Intermediate Care Facility 28 2.4%
Foster/Family Home 15 1.3%
Other 9 0.8%
Total 1,173 100.0%
Table 36- Fairfield Population with Disabilities
Source: ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook (California Department of Developmental Services, Consumer Count by California ZIP Code and Residence Type, 2020)
There are several housing types appropriate for people living with a developmental disability:
rent-subsidized homes, licensed and unlicensed single-family homes, inclusionary housing, Sec- tion 8 vouchers, special programs for home purchase, HUD housing, and SB 962 homes. The de- sign of housing-accessibility modifications, the proximity to services and transit, and the availa- bility of group living opportunities represent some of the important considerations in serving this Packet Page 1158 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 71 of 156

72 need group. Incorporating ‘barrier-free’ design in all new multifamily housing (as required by California and Federal Fair Housing laws) is especially important to provide the widest range of choices for disabled residents. Special consideration should also be given to the affordability of housing, as people with disabilities may be living on a fixed income.

Large Families
Large families are those households of five or more related individuals. The special need of this group is for housing of sufficient size and number of bedrooms that would prevent overcrowding.

Cost is an important consideration, as many large families do not have sufficient income to afford larger homes or apartments. The table below shows that the 2019 American Community Survey reported 5,870 large households with five or more members, including 3,503 owner-occupied households and 2,367 renter-occupied households. About 16.1 percent of owner-occupied households and 15.8 percent of renter-occupied households were considered large households.

Fairfield Household Size by Tenure
Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied
Housing Type Number Percent Number Percent
1 Person Household 3,414 15.7% 3,338 22.3%
2 Person Household 6,739 30.9% 4,188 28.0%
3 Person Household 4,356 20.0% 2,663 17.8%
4 Person Household 3,777 17.3% 2,406 16.1%
5 Or More Person Household 3,503 16.1% 2,367 15.8%
Table 36-Fairfield Household Size by Tenure
Source: ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook (U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25009)
Female-Headed Households
Female-headed families, including those with children, are identified as a special needs group because they are more likely to be low-income and face difficulty finding affordable housing. As shown in the table below, there were about 5,353 female-headed households and 2,720 male- headed households in Fairfield. These households were 14.6 percent and 7.4 percent, respec- tively, of Fairfield’s total number of households. Female -headed households represented about

10.7 percent of owner-occupied households and 20.2 percent of renter-occupied households.

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73 Fairfield Household Type by Tenure
Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied
Household Type1 Number Percent Number Percent
Married-Couple Family Households 13,866 63.6% 6,083 40.7% Female-Headed Family Households 2,336 10.7% 3,017 20.2% Male-Headed Family Households 1,295 5.9% 1,425 9.5%
Householders Living Alone 3,414 15.7% 3,338 22.3%
Other Non-Family Household 878 4.0% 1,099 7.3%
Table 37- Fairfield Household by Tenure
Source: ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook (U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25011)
Of the 5,353 female-headed households in Fairfield, about 64.6 percent of them had minor chil- dren under 18 years old. The table below shows the number of these households below the pov- erty line. About 27.5 percent of female-headed households with children were under the poverty line, while only 6.9 percent of households without children were. This demonstrates that female - headed households with children are more likely to have greater housing needs and face difficul- ties in finding affordable housing.

Fairfield Female-Headed Households by Poverty Status
Households With Children Households Without Children
Poverty Level Number Percent Number Percent
Above Poverty Level 2,508 72.5% 1,763 93.1%
Below Poverty Level 952 27.5% 130 6.9%
Table 38-Fairfield Female-Headed Households by Poverty
Source: ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook (U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B17012)
Farmworkers
Farmworkers are traditionally defined as people whose primary incomes are earned through per- manent or seasonal agricultural labor. Farmworkers are generally considered to have special housing needs due to their limited income and the often-unstable nature of their employment.

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74 Although farmworkers still represent a special housing need in many communities, the advent of mechanization in harvesting crops, new planting techniques, and changes in the types of crops grown have substantially reduced the overall number of farmworkers and the proportion of mi- grant farmworkers. Urbanization has further decreased agricultural employment in Solano County. There are no working farms within the city limits, except for limited cattle grazing oper- ations, including leased operations on City-owned open space properties.

Travis Air Force Base Personnel
Personnel Type Number Percent
Active-Duty Military 7,276 39.5%
Air Force Reserve 2,664 14.4%
Dependents 5,575 30.2%
Civil Service 1,759 9.5%
Other Civilians 1,165 6.3%
Total 18,439 100.0%
Table 39- Travis Air Force Base Personnel
Source: Travis Air Force Base, Economic Impact Analysis, FY 2019

Known as the “Gateway to the Pacific,” Travis Air Force Base handles more cargo and passenger traffic through its airport than any other military air terminal in the United States. Travis AFB has a major impact on the community as many military families and retirees have chosen to make Fairfield their permanent home. In 2020, Travis AFB was the single largest employer in the City of Fairfield and Solano County, and the total economic impact of the Base was over $2.1 billion during fiscal year (FY) 2019. The Base also contributes many highly skilled people to the local labor pool, including through the David Grant USAF Medical Center. The Medical Center provides postgraduate training programs in a variety of medical fields and serves about 130,000 TRICARE eligible patients in the immediate San Francisco-Sacramento vicinity and more than 377,000 De- partment of Veteran Affairs Northern California Health Care System eligible annually.

Military personnel with dependents also need affordable family housing with recreational amen- ities for children. Currently, a number of dormitories, visiting quarters , and temporary lodging facilities are available at the base. Balfour Beatty Communities owns the family housing and is Packet Page 1161 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 74 of 156

75 responsible for maintaining, repairing, constructing, and managing the community. As of FY 2019, Balfour Beatty operated 1,278 privatized on-base housing units with a capacity for 5,112 persons.

These units include a mixture of two-, three-, and four-bedroom units that are similar in appear- ance and amenities to private housing in the local market.

To ensure that housing needs are met for personnel, housing must be flexible and affordable.

Military pay and basic allowance for housing (BAH) constitute the major sources of income for personnel. Monthly pay rates depend on years of service and can be topped out for each enlisted rank, while BAH is adjusted if the enlistee has any dependents. The table below describes the income category of enlisted personnel based on 2019 Solano County median incomes. As is shown, many enlistees would be considered lower-income, especially those in a larger household with dependents. No enlistee is considered extremely low-income or above moderate-income.

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76 Travis Air Force Base Housing Affordability1
Enlisted Rank Monthly Pay + BAH2 Annual Income Income Category3,4 Low Top Out Low Top Out Low Top Out
Household of Four (with dependents)
E3 – Airman First
Class
$4,432 $4,685 $53,186 $56,214 Very Low Very Low
E4 – Senior Airman $4,646 $5,115 $55,746 $61,380 Very Low Very Low E5 – Staff Sgt. $4,973 $5,977 $59,681 $71,719 Very Low Low E6 – Technical Sgt. $5,214 $6,648 $62,564 $79,772 Very Low Low E7 – Master Sgt. $5,667 $8,075 $68,000 $96,901 Very Low Median E8 – Senior Master
Sgt.
$7,049 $8,901 $84,582 $106,808 Low Moderate
E9 – Chief Master Sgt. $8,074 $10,241 $96,890 $122,890 Median Moderate 2Lt, Prior Enlisted $6,667 $7,636 $80,003 $91,634 Low Median 1Lt, Prior Enlisted $7,711 $8,617 $92,534 $103,406 Median Moderate Captain, Prior
Enlisted
$8,453 $10,163 $101,430 $121,954 Median Moderate
2Lt $5,774 $6,598 $69,293 $79,175 Low Low Income
1Lt $6,272 $7,682 $75,258 $92,182 Low Median
Captain $6,991 $9,656 $83,887 $115,870 Low Moderate
Single Household (without dependents)
E3 – Airman First
Class
$3,922 $4,175 $47,066 $50,094 Very Low Low
E4 – Senior Airman $4,136 $4,605 $49,626 $55,260 Low Low E5 – Staff Sgt. $4,580 $5,584 $54,965 $67,003 Low Median E6 – Technical Sgt. $4,944 $6,378 $59,324 $76,532 Low Moderate E7 – Master Sgt. $5,475 $7,883 $65,696 $94,597 Median Moderate E8 – Senior Master
Sgt.
$6,932 $8,784 $83,178 $105,404 Moderate Moderate
E9 – Chief Master Sgt. $7,900 $10,067 $94,802 $120,802 Moderate Moderate 2Lt, Prior Enlisted $6,592 $7,561 $79,103 $90,734 Moderate Moderate 1Lt, Prior Enlisted $7,570 $8,476 $90,842 $101,714 Moderate Moderate Captain, Prior Enlisted $8,273 $9,983 $99,270 $119,794 Moderate Moderate 2Lt $5,507 $6,331 $66,089 $75,971 Median Moderate
1Lt $6,212 $7,622 $74,538 $91,462 Moderate Moderate
Captain $6,850 $9,515 $82,195 $114,178 Moderate Moderate Table 40- Travis Air Force Base Affordability
Source: City of Fairfield, City Manager’s Office, 2020
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77 MA-15 Housing Market Analysis: Cost of Housing - 91.210(a) Introduction
Cost of Housing
Base Year: 2009 Most Recent Year: 2017 % Change
Median Home Value 432,400 341,500 (21%)
Median Contract Rent 1,032 1,282 24%
Table 24 – Cost of Housing
Data Source: 2000 Census (Base Year), 2013-2017 ACS (Most Recent Year)

Rent Paid Number %
Less than $500 482 3.3%
$500-999 1,356 9.3%
$1,000-1,499 4,576 31.4%
$1,500-1,999 3,835 26.3%
$2,000 or more 4,333 29.7%
Table 42 - Rent Paid
Data Source: 2013-2017 ACS

Housing Affordability
% Units affordable to Households
earning
Renter Owner
30% HAMFI 530 190
50% HAMFI 150 445
80% HAMFI 995 1,915
100% HAMFI 6,230 12,895
Total 7,905 14,810
Table 43 – Housing Affordability
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS

Monthly Rent
Monthly Rent ($) Efficiency (no
bedroom)
1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom 4 Bedroom
Fair Market Rent $1,232 $1,408 $1,677 $2,382 $2,870
High HOME Rent $850 $910 $1092 $1262 $1408
Low HOME Rent $1,085 $1,164 $1,398 $1,607 $1,773
Table 44 – Monthly Rent
Data Source: HUD FMR and HOME Rents

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78 Is there sufficient housing for households at all income levels? There is an affordability gap for lower-income households in the City, as lower-income house- holds generally cannot afford housing that corresponds to the size of their household. A range of available housing types would help increase affordability. Still, the analysis shows that housing in a market like the Bay Area is only affordable to the following:
a) moderate- or high-income households,
b) buyers that carry equity over from a previously owned home, c) buyers that have a large amount of cash for a down-payment, or d) buyers who receive subsidies to make homeownership affordable.

In 2019, the median contract rent in Fairfield was $1,427.

U.S. Census microdata compiled by IPUMS USA can be used to better understand rental costs in Fairfield. IPUMS data corresponds to the Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA) for Fairfield and Suisun City, which does not necessarily have the same boundaries as other Census-derived esti- mates. Additionally, estimates are weighted by the representativeness of the sampled household given IPUMS-derived weights. Table 45 provides estimated median monthly gross rents in the PUMA by the number of bedrooms using this data. Unlike contract rent, gross rent includes ad- ditional costs for utilities and fuels.

Fairfield and Suisun City Monthly Gross Rental Rates, 2019 Number of
Bedrooms
Estimated Number of House-
holds1
2019 Median
Monthly Gross
Rent2
0 1,186 -
1 853 $1,300
2 3,378 $1,110
3 9,167 $1,340
4 18,615 $1,840
5 13,308 $2,062
6 2,371 $1,361.5
7 61 $410
8 182 $2,860
Table 45- Fairfield Suisun City Monthly Gross Rental Rates Source: IPUMS USA, 2015-2019 ACS

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79 According to the gross rental estimates (i.e., including utilities and other costs) from the table above, a three-bedroom rental unit would be affordable to a low-income four-person household with an affordable monthly payment of $1,940. Gross rental costs would also be affordable for all sizes low-income households and moderate-income households. However, no very-low- and extremely-low-income households would be able to afford rental units of the appropriate size.

Like the description of homeownership costs above, this demonstrates a rental affordability gap for very-low- and extremely-low-income households in the City. For these types of households, subsidies may be required to ensure affordability.

How is affordability of housing likely to change considering changes to home values and/or rents?
In the City of Fairfield, home values have steadily increased over the last decades, besides the period of decline during the Great Recession. According to the American Community Survey Data from 2019, home values in the City of Fairfield show a cluster of values between $500,000 and $750,000. 44.9% of the homes are less than $750,000. This would make homeownership largely unaffordable for lower-income families.

The rental housing market has continued to increase over the last decade. The median contract rent from 2009 to 2017 increased by 24%, while rents increased by 11% from 2017 to 2019. It is anticipated that both home values and rental prices will continue to trend upwards, making af- fordability increasingly difficult for lower-income individuals and families.

How do HOME rents / Fair Market Rent compare to Area Median Rent? How might this impact your strategy to produce or preserve affordab le housing? CHAS data provided by HUD provides estimates of cost burden by tenure and income category.

Estimates use the HUD Area Median Family Income (HAMFI) to determine overpayment. HAMFI is the median family income calculated by HUD for each jurisdiction to determine Fair Market Rents (FMRs) and income limits for HUD programs. HAMFI will not necessarily be the same as other median income calculations due to a series of adjustments.

According to 2013-2017 CHAS data, 7,475 households in Fairfield pay between 30 and 50 percent of their incomes for housing (20.9 percent), and an additional 5,590 (15.6%) are severely cost- burdened. This means that about 36.5 percent of Fairfield households are paying above the rec- ommended HUD standard for housing costs. Of the 13,065 cost-burdened households in Fairfield, about 3,745 households (28.7 percent) can be classified as moderate - or above-moderate-in- come. This means that about 9,320 (71.3 percent) of the households overpaying for housing are lower-income households, demonstrating an affordability problem for many households in Fair- field.

Renters are particularly impacted by overpayment, as they are limited to the rental market while owners have the option of selling their homes. Renters, especially lower-income renters, tend to have higher cost burden rates than owners in the same income category. For example, 79.1 per- cent of lower-income renter-occupied households experience some level of cost burden, while Packet Page 1166 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 79 of 156

80 61.0 percent of owner-occupied households do. The table below illustrates the extent of over- payment by income group and tenure for the City.

Cost-Burdened Households in Fairfield by Income and Tenure1 Income Category Renters Owners Total Households2
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Extremely-Low-Income (Under 30% HAMFI3)
No Cost Burden/Not Computed 530 19.4% 190 20.8% 720 19.8% Cost Burden 215 7.9% 170 18.6% 385 10.6%
Severe Cost Burden 1,985 72.7% 555 60.7% 2,540 69.7%
Very-Low-Income (30% - 50% HAMFI)
No Cost Burden/Not Computed 150 5.9% 445 33.8% 595 15.5% Cost Burden 1,355 53.7% 255 19.4% 1,610 41.9%
Severe Cost Burden 1,020 40.4% 615 46.8% 1,635 42.6%
Low-Income (50% - 80% HAMFI)
No Cost Burden/Not Computed 995 36.2% 1,280 47.8% 2,275 41.9% Cost Burden 1,225 44.6% 920 34.3% 2,145 39.5%
Severe Cost Burden 525 19.1% 480 17.9% 1,005 18.5%
All Lower-Income (Under 80% HAMFI)
No Cost Burden/Not Computed 1,675 20.9% 1,915 39.0% 3,590 27.8% Cost Burden 2,795 34.9% 1,345 27.4% 4,140 32.1%
Severe Cost Burden 3,530 44.1% 1,650 33.6% 5,180 40.1%
Moderate- and Above-Moderate-Income (Over 80% HAMFI)
No Cost Burden/Not Computed 6,230 80.4% 12,895 85.3% 19,120 83.6% Cost Burden 1,420 18.3% 1,910 12.6% 3,330 14.6%
Severe Cost Burden 95 1.2% 315 2.1% 415 1.8%
All Income Groups
No Cost Burden/Not Computed 7,905 50.2% 14,810 73.9% 22,705 63.5% Cost Burden 4,215 26.8% 3,255 16.3% 7,475 20.9%
Severe Cost Burden 3,625 23.0% 1,965 9.8% 5,590 15.6%
Table 46-Cost Burdened Households
Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) ACS tabulation, 2013- 2017 release

Discussion
The fair market rents do not reflect current market rates or recent housing trends. Solano County, particularly the city of Fairfield, does not reflect the incredibly tight housing market. In the past two years, rents have increased 26% countywide, occupancy rates are at 97%, and within the city of Fairfield, they are 99%, with rising costs across the Bay Area. Families from those locations commute to our area, further straining an already tight market. As the home values continue to increase and the rental rates continue to climb, the City of Fairfield recognizes the importance of increasing the affordable housing supply and is currently working with multiple developers to produce more affordable housing throughout the City.

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81 MA-20 Housing Market Analysis: Condition of Housing – 91.210(a) Introduction
Households living in substandard conditions are considered to need housing assistance even if they are not actively seeking alternative housing arrangements. In addition to structural defi- ciency and standards, the lack of certain infrastructure and utilities often indicates substandard conditions.

Definitions
Housing is substandard when physical conditions are below the minimum living standards, as defined by Government Code Section 17920.3. A building is deemed to be substandard if any of the following conditions exist:
 Inadequate sanitation
 Structural hazards
 Nuisances
 Faulty weather protection
 Fire, safety, or health hazards
 Inadequate building materials
 Inadequate maintenance
 Inadequate exit facilities
 Hazardous wiring, plumbing, or mechanical equipment
 Improper occupation for living, sleeping, cooking, or dining purposes  Inadequate structural resistance to horizontal forces  Any building not in compliance with Government Code Section 13143.2

Condition of Units
Condition of Units Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied
Number % Number %
With one selected Condition 5,520 28% 7,585 48%
With two selected Conditions 185 1% 1,105 7%
With three selected Conditions 0 0% 50 0%
With four selected Conditions 0 0% 0 0%
No selected Conditions 14,325 72% 7,005 44%
Total 20,030 101% 15,745 99%
Table 47 - Condition of Units
Data Source: 2013-2017 ACS

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82 Year Unit Built
Year Unit Built Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied
Number % Number %
2000 or later 4,950 25% 2,765 18%
1980-1999 7,535 38% 5,845 37%
1950-1979 7,170 36% 6,720 43%
Before 1950 375 2% 415 3%
Total 20,030 101% 15,745 101%
Table 48 – Year Unit Built
Data Source: 2013-2017 CHAS

Risk of Lead-Based Paint Hazard
Risk of Lead-Based Paint Hazard Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied Number % Number %
Total Number of Units Built Before 1980 7,545 38% 7,135 45% Housing Units build before 1980 with children present 4,785 24% 2,435 15% Table 49 – Risk of Lead-Based Paint
Data Source: 2013-2017 ACS (Total Units) 2013-2017 CHAS (Units with Children present)

Vacant Units
Vacancy Status
For Rent 392
For Sale 155
For Seasonal, Recreational, or Occasional Use 119
Other Vacant 792
Rented, Not Occupied 35
Sold, Not Occupied 128
Total Vacant Housing Units 1,621 (4.4%)
Table 50- Vacant Units
Source: ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook (American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25004)

Need for Owner and Rental Rehabilitation
According to 2019 American Community Survey estimates compiled in the ABAG-MTC data work- sheet, about 1.3 percent of renters and 0.1 percent of owners lack complete kitchen facilities, while 0.8 percent of renters and 0.0 percent of owners lack complete plumbing facilities, seen in the table below. There are 121 occupied housing units with incomplete plumbing and 207 with incomplete kitchen facilities.

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83 Fairfield Substandard Housing Issues
Building Amenity Owner Renter
Kitchen 0.1% 1.3%
Plumbing 0.0% 0.8%
Table 51- Fairfield Substandard Housing Units
Source: ABAG-MTC Housing Needs Data Workbook (U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table B25053, Table B25043, Table B25049)

Estimated Number of Housing Units Occupied by Low- or Moderate-Income Families with LBP Hazards
There are a total of 7,220 households that were built before 1980 with minor children present in the household. Homes built before 1980 have a high risk of lead -based paint. Families with chil- dren under six have a higher risk of lead poisoning.

Lead is a leading environmental threat to children’s health in the U.S., and children under six years old and fetuses are at the greatest risk of harmful health effects from lead poisoning. When children are exposed to lead—usually through contaminated dust, paint, or soil—it can have life- long adverse effects. No safe blood lead level in children has been identified. Even low levels of lead in blood have been shown to disrupt postnatal growth, hearing and learning disabilities, lowered IQ scores, behavioral problems, difficulty paying attention, and hyperactivity. And ef- fects of lead exposure cannot be corrected. The key is stopping children from coming into contact with lead and treating children who have been poisoned by lead.

The State maintains a list updated annually of the California zip codes with blood lead levels (BLLs) at and above 4.5 micrograms per deciliter of whole blood, for children under age 6, with at least 500 children tested. The most recent data is for fiscal years 2013 -2014 through 2017-2018. No zip code in Fairfield or Solano County was among the top 50 census tracts that had the most children with elevated lead levels. (Childhood Lead Levels, January 2020, Auditor of the State of California.) https://www.auditor.ca.gov/pdfs/reports/2019-105.pdf According to the most recent data from 2015, 5,248 children under the age of 6 from all of Solano County were assessed for blood lead levels (BLL). Of these, 76 (1.42%) measured from 4.5 to under 9.5 micrograms per deciliter, and 26 were measured as having blood lead levels over 9.5.

The data provided doesn’t demonstrate the number of low- or moderate-income households.

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84 MA-25 Public and Assisted Housing – 91.210(b)
Introduction
The City of Fairfield operates the Fairfield Housing Authority (FHA). The FHA does not own or operate any public housing unit s. How- ever, the FHA has the authority to administer 886 Housing Choice vouchers.

Totals Number of Units
Program Type
Certifi-
cate
Mod-Re-
hab
Public
Housing
Vouchers
Total Project -
based
Tenant -
based

Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans
Affairs
Supportive
Housing
Family
Unifica-
tion Pro-
gram
Disa-
bled
*
# of units vouchers availa-
ble 0 0 0 886 15 836 5 0 0
# of accessible units
*includes Non-Elderly Disabled, Mainstream One-Year, Mainstream Five-year, and Nursing Home Transition Table 52 – Total Number of Units by Program Type
Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center)

Describe the supply of public housing developments:

The City of Fairfield does not have any public housing developments Describe the number and physical condition of public housing units in the jurisdiction, including those that are participatin g in an approved Public Housing Agency Plan:

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85 Public Housing Condition
Public Housing Development Average Inspection Score

Table 25 - Public Housing Condition

Describe the restoration and revitalization needs of public housing units in the jurisdiction:

The City of Fairfield does not have any public housing units Describe the public housing agency's strategy for improving the living environment of low- and moderate-income families residing in public housing:

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86 MA-30 Homeless Facilities and Services – 91.210(c)
Introduction
The City of Fairfield partners with o
Facilities and Housing Targeted to Homeless Households
Emergency Shelter Beds Transitional
Housing Beds
Permanent Supportive Housing
Beds
Year-Round Beds
(Current & New)
Voucher / Sea-
sonal / Overflow
Beds
Current & New Current & New Under Develop-
ment
Households with Adult(s) and
Child(ren)
59 0 37 161 0
Households with Only Adults 181 0 62 221 0
Chronically Homeless Households 0 0 0 376 0
Veterans 0 0 12 229 0
Unaccompanied Youth 0 0 35 0 0
Table 5326 - Facilities and Housing Targeted to Homeless Households City of Fairfield City Manager’s Office

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87 Describe mainstream services, such as health, mental health, and employment services to the extent those services are use to complement services targeted to homeless persons Many social service agencies in Fairfield provide benefits to LMI individuals and families to pre- vent homelessness. These services are essential in the Continuum of Care process and serve the needs of those who have already become homeless. These organizat ions provide many services to their clientele, including but not limited to counseling, case management, life skills training, financial literacy classes, and victim advocacy. These services help residents develop the skills and knowledge to transition into permanent supportive housing or independent living and main- tain steady employment. The ultimate goal of providing supportive services is self -sufficiency.

Some agencies include Solano County Health and Social Services, Child Haven, Community Action North Bay (CAN-B), SHELTER Solano, Mission Samoa, Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District, and Legal Services.

List and describe services and facilities that meet the needs of homeless persons, particularly chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their fami- lies, and unaccompanied youth. If the services and facilities are listed on screen SP -40 Institu- tional Delivery Structure or screen MA-35 Special Needs Facilities and Services, describe how these facilities and services specifically address the needs of these populations.

Physical Health – Health clinics that serve low-income populations such as homeless individuals include the Family Health Services of Fairfield, Fairfield Pediatric Primary Care, and Dental Health Clinic.

Mental Health – Solano County Mental Health Services, National Alliance on Mental Illness – Fairfield (NAMI), New Horizons, and CAMINAR serve homeless individuals struggling with mental health issues in the Fairfield region.

Substance Abuse – Organizations and facilities that provide counseling and treatment for home- less individuals struggling with addiction include Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, Healthy Partnerships, AK BEAN Foundation, and Archway Recovery Programs.

Employment Services – Area Agency on Agency Workforce Investment Board of Solano County (WIB), Solano Employment Connection, provide employment services to homeless individuals.

HIV/AIDS – Planned Parenthood offers HIV testing and family planning series.

Unaccompanied youth – services such as meals, food, motel vouchers, clothing, rental assis- tance, school supplies, shelter and housing assistance are provided through the Fairfield Suisun Unified School District and the Family Resource Center.

Veteran services - are provided through SHELTER Solano, where they have intense case man- agement for homeless veterans. Additionally, Habitat for Humanity has two homes in Fairfield specifically to house formerly homeless Veterans exiting from a homeless institution. Berkeley Food and Housing provides outreach services to unsheltered homeless throughout Solano County.

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88 MA-35 Special Needs Facilities and Services – 91.210(d) Introduction
When considering the supportive housing needs of homeless individuals across the Consorti um, there is a significant gap between the supply of supportive housing and the population that ex- periences homelessness who need it. Individuals and families across a range of special needs categories have a strong need for supportive housing, and the rise in the elderly homeless popu- lation is highly concerning.

Including the elderly, frail elderly, persons with disabilities (mental, physical, developmental), persons with alcohol or other drug addictions, persons with HIV/AIDS and their families, public housing residents and any other categories the jurisdiction may specify, and describe their sup- portive housing needs
The California Department of Developmental Services (DDS) is responsible for overseeing the co- ordination and delivery of services to more than 330,000 Californians with developmental disa- bilities, including cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, Down Syndrome, autism, epilepsy, and re- lated conditions through a network of 21 regional centers and state -operated facilities.

DDS consumer data compiled by ABAG provides an estimate of the number of Fairfield residents with a developmental disability. The table below shows that the vast majority of residents with a developmental disability live in the home of a parent/family/guardian. Further, app roximately

59.9 percent (701 persons) of the population that has a developmental disability is over the age of 18, while 40.1 percent (470 persons) is under 18 years old.

There are several housing types appropriate for people living with a developmental disability:
rent-subsidized homes, licensed and unlicensed single-family homes, inclusionary housing, Sec- Packet Page 1175 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 88 of 156

89 tion 8 vouchers, special programs for home purchase, HUD housing, and SB 962 homes. T he de- sign of housing-accessibility modifications, the proximity to services and transit, and the availa- bility of group living opportunities represent some of the important considerations in serving this need group. Incorporating ‘barrier-free’ design in all new multifamily housing (as required by California and Federal Fair Housing laws) is especially important to provide the widest range of choices for disabled residents. Special consideration should also be given to housing affordability, as people with disabilities may be living on a fixed income.

Describe programs for ensuring that persons returning from mental and physical health insti- tutions receive appropriate supportive housing
The City of Fairfield was unable to locate any data to support this.

Specify the activities that the jurisdiction plans to undertake during the next year to address the housing and supportive services needs identified in accordance with 91.215(e) with respect to persons who are not homeless but have other special needs. Link to one-year goals.

91.315(e)
As part of its strategic plan, the City incorporates special needs populations as a high priority . It will work with service providers throughout the community to ensure services are available to serve the special needs populations. Some special needs populations will be served through the Project-Based Voucher program, specifically elderly and disabled individuals. As the City works with new developers on affordable housing projects, the City considers HUD’s exceptions for the Project-Based Voucher program when supportive services are provided for low-income individu- als and families. Supportive services may include but are not limited to:
 Self-sufficiency services
 Recreational activities
 Educational programs
 Life skills
 Financial management
 Job training
 Medical services

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90 MA-40 Barriers to Affordable Housing – 91.210(e)
Negative Effects of Public Policies on Affordable Housing and Residential Investment Site improvement standards establish infrastructure or require services to support new residen- tial development such as streets, sidewalks, water and sewer, drainage, curbs and gutters, street signs, park dedications, utility easements, and landscaping. Whi le these improvements are nec- essary to ensure that new housing meets the local jurisdiction’s development goals, the cost of these requirements can represent a significant share of the cost of producing new housing.

As stated in HUD’s study of Subdivision Requirements as a Regulatory Barrier, such requirements can reasonably be considered regulatory barriers to affordable housing if the jurisdiction deter- mined requirements are greater (and hence, more costly) than those necessary to achieve health and safety requirements in the community. Subdivision requirements address streets, water, sewer, drainage facilities; park, school, and other development fees; and tree planting. While related to legitimate health, safety, and public service needs, these standards and fees increase development costs. According to the Housing Element, City fees add another $30,000 in costs, and streets, sewers, sidewalks, water lines, and off-site improvement costs can be substantial for many new subdivisions.

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91 MA-45 Non-Housing Community Development Assets – 91.215 (f) Introduction
Following is a brief statement of various factors that comprise the Market Analysis for Non -Housing Community Development assets:

Demographics-According to the 2019 American Community Survey 1-year Estimates, the City of Fairfield has a population of 117,133 people. The racial demographics are White alone –49.4%; Black or African American alone –15.2%; American Indian and Alaska Native alone –0.5%; Asian alone –16.9%; Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone –1.3%; two or more races –8.1%. Regardless of race, the percentage of those who identify as Hispanic or Latino is 29.3%. See chart below:

The median age in Fairfield is 35.3 years of age, which is slightly younger than the median age in the USA of 37.9 years. Of Fairfield’s population, 7.1% are under five years of age, 62.8% are between 18 and 64, and 13% are 65 and older.

Disabilities-Amongst the City’s population, 2.7% have a Hearing difficulty, 1.4% have a Vision difficulty , 4.0% have Cognitive difficulty,

5.8% have ambulatory difficulty, 2.2% have Self-Care difficulty, and 3.3% have Independent Living difficulty.

Education and Poverty-The poverty rate in Fairfield is 7.3%. The median household income is $89,693. The Survey shows that 90.7% have graduated from high school or have a higher education, which is slightly lower than the United States average of 87.7%. Of these,

23.3% have a High School or equivalent degree; 24.8% have some college and no degree; 10.8% have an associate degree; 22.9% have a bachelor’s degree, and 9% have a Graduate or professional degree.

Business and Owner Characteristics-There are 6,430 total business firms in Fairfield according to the 2012 Survey for Business Owners, the most recent data available. Of these, 3,005 are owned by men, women own 2,378, minorities own 2,934, non-minorities own 3,030, veterans own 616, and 5,226 owned by nonveterans.

Selected Sales and Revenue Totals–Sales from accommodation and food services sales were $105,576; total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue were $1,062,431; total merchant wholesaler sales were $276,104; total retail sales were $939,262 (2012 Economic Census).

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92 Economic Development Market Analysis
Business Activity
Business by Sector Number of
Workers
Number of
Jobs
Share of
Workers
%
Share of Jobs
%
Jobs less
workers
%
Agriculture, Mining, Oil & Gas Extraction 781 3 2 0 -2
Arts, Entertainment, Accommodations 5,335 3,831 13 12 -1 Construction 3,779 2,814 9 9 0
Education and Health Care Services 8,541 7,410 20 23 2
Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate 2,278 2,219 5 7 1
Information 825 621 2 2 0
Manufacturing 3,993 3,018 9 9 0
Other Services 1,446 1,067 3 3 0
Professional, Scientific, Management Services 3,189 1,692 8 5 -2 Public Administration 0 0 0 0 0
Retail Trade 5,347 5,193 13 16 3
Transportation and Warehousing 1,744 901 4 3 -1
Wholesale Trade 1,656 1,776 4 5 2
Total 38,914 30,545 -- -- --
Table 55 - Business Activity
Data Source: 2013-2017 ACS (Workers), 2017 Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (Jobs)

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93 Labor Force
Total Population in the Civilian Labor Force 55,030
Civilian Employed Population 16 years and
over 50,080
Unemployment Rate 9.01
Unemployment Rate for Ages 16-24 31.14
Unemployment Rate for Ages 25-65 4.90
Table 56 - Labor Force
Data Source: 2013-2017 ACS

Occupations by Sector Number of People
Management, business and financial 10,070
Farming, fisheries, and forestry occupations 2,215
Service 6,775
Sales and office 12,360
Construction, extraction, maintenance, and re-
pair 4,730
Production, transportation, and material mov-
ing 2,825
Table 57 – Occupations by Sector
Data Source: 2013-2017 ACS

Travel Time
Travel Time Number Percentage
< 30 Minutes 27,737 49.2%
30-59 Minutes 17,084 30.3%
60 or More Minutes 11,603 20.6%
Total 56,424 100%
Table 58 - Travel Time
Data Source: 2019 ACS

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94 Education:

Educational Attainment by Employment Status (Population 25 and Older) Educational Attainment In Labor Force
Civilian Employed Unemployed Not in Labor Force
Less than high school graduate 5,163 299 2,522
High school graduate (includes
equivalency)
9,087 653 3,520
Some college or associate degree 16,985 818 4,633
Bachelor’s degree or higher 13,790 448 2,648
Table 59 - Educational Attainment by Employment Status
Data Source: 2019 ACS

Educational Attainment by Age
Age
18–24 yrs 25–34 yrs 35–44 yrs 45–64 yrs 65+ yrs
Less than 9th grade 0 172 595 995 291
9th to 12th grade, no di-
ploma
582 492 651 729 199
High school graduate,
GED, or alternative
1,737 1,735 1,813 3,982 1,663
Some college, no degree 2,712 2,758 2,087 1,735 2,065
Associate degree 154 2,016 787 1,255 483
Bachelor’s degree 252 2330 1,882 2,803 1,636
Graduate or professional
degree
0 332 513 1,485 815
Table 60 - Educational Attainment by Age
Data Source: 2019 ACS

Educational Attainment – Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months Educational Attainment Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months Less than high school graduate $33,839
High school graduate (includes equivalency) $37,692
Some college or associate degree $48,199
Bachelor’s degree $70,639
Graduate or professional degree $66,184
Table 61 – Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months
Data Source: 2019 ACS

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95 Based on the Business Activity table above, what are the major employment sectors within your jurisdiction?
There are three major employment sectors in the City of Fairfield.  Education and Healthcare Services (8,541 workers, 7,410 jobs)  Retail Trade (5,347 workers, 5,193 jobs)
 Arts, Entertainment, Accommodations (5335 workers, 3,841 jobs) These three categories employ almost 50% of the Cities workers and provide 53.8% of all jobs in the City. Education and healthcare Services jobs are mostly attributed to the Fairfield-Suisun Uni- fied School District, Northbay Medical Center, and Kaiser Permanente. The top employers in the retail industry would include Wal-Mart, Target, Costco, Safeway, and the Solano Westfield Mall.

Describe the workforce and infrastructure needs of the business community:

Workforce participation rates have fallen nationwide. As the City recovers from the COVI D-19 Pandemic, retail businesses have had a difficult time finding willing applicants to fulfil open posi- tions, therefore causing a strain on the business. Also due to learning loss because of the Pan- demic, there has been a slow-down in labor-market readiness and college preparation which im- pact the business community as they seek to find eligible and qualified candidates to fulfill open roles within the business.

Describe any major changes that may have an economic impact, such as planned local or re- gional public or private sector investments or initiatives that have affected or may affect job and business growth opportunities during the planning period. Describe any needs for work- force development, business support or infrastructure these changes may create.

The COVID-19 Pandemic has impacted the City of Fairfield’s business. As restrictions are being lifted, the business community will begin to cover. As of quarter 3, 2021, There received 212 new business licenses, which was 51% greater than quarter 3 of 2020. The unemployment rate con- tinues to decline as restrictions are lifted and people are back to work. The Pandemic has had the greatest impact on the business community in the City of Fairfield and the surrounding jurisdic- tions.

The Workforce Development Board supports job seekers, workers, and businesses during the pandemic. They continue to strengthen the workforce development system through their HIRRE Initiative, which allows them to focus on:
 Standardizing and aligning assessments,
 Adopting an employer-driven set of essential skills, and  Coordinating services and resources more effectively
How do the skills and education of the current workforce correspond to employment opportu- nities in the jurisdiction?
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96 37% of Fairfield's residents have completed some college, with 28% completing a bachelor’s de- gree or higher. Fairfield offers many industries for its residents to work in. As the educational attainment of Fairfield residents increases, so does the earning potential. Fairfield and the sur- rounding jurisdictions offer many employment opportunities, allowing accessibility of many in- dustries for community members of all educational attainment levels.

Describe any current workforce training initiatives, including those supported by Workforce Investment Boards, community colleges and other organizations. Describe how these efforts will support the jurisdiction's Consolidated Plan.

The Workforce Development partners with multiple organizations to deliver job training and em- ployment opportunities to community members. To adjust to the Pandemic restrictions, the Workforce Development Board also offers virtual workshops and training, making opportunities more accessible.

Solano Community College (SCC) is the only Community College in Solano County with the main campus in the City of Fairfield. SCC provides multiple job training programs such as Automotive technology, Cosmetology, Water and Wastewater Technology, and many more.

The Workforce Development Board and SCC are located in Fairfield, making it accessible. As pro- grams and funding are available, the programs and initiatives will strengthen the Fairfield com- munity and create greater economic opportunities for Fairfield’s workforce. In addition, there are at least nine educational institutions within 50 miles of Fairfield, allowing the residents expo- sure to more opportunities to increase their education and income.

Does your jurisdiction participate in a Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy (CEDS)? No, The City of Fairfield does not have a Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy.

If so, what economic development initiatives are you undertaking that may be coordinated with the Consolidated Plan? If not, describe other local/regional plans or initiatives that impact economic growth.

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97 MA-50 Needs and Market Analysis Discussion
Are there areas where households with multiple housing problems are concentrated? (include a definition of "concentration")
The 2022-2027 City of Fairfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice, which utilized the data provided by HUD for the Analysis of Fair Housing, presented jurisdiction-specific data relevant to this section which will be included here. Concentration is defined as areas of extreme or high poverty defined by the US census as areas with 40% of the tract population living below the federal poverty threshold.

Households with incomes at 30% and 50% AMI experience a greater degree of housing problems than other income groups. 67% of households with income below 100% AMI experience a hous- ing problem. In addition, extremely-low income American Indian/Alaska Native, low-income Black/African American and Pacific Islanders households have disproportionate housing needs. (See the discussion in Section NA-15.)
Are there any areas in the jurisdiction where racial or ethnic minorities or low-income families are concentrated? (include a definition of "concentration") Racially or ethnically concentrated areas of poverty(R/ECAPs) are geographic areas with signifi- cant concentrations of poverty and racial or ethnic minorities. HUD has developed a census- tract-based definition of R/ECAPs areas with a non-White population of 50 percent or more. Cen- sus tracts in which 40 percent or more of the individuals live at or below the poverty limit or have a poverty rate three times the average poverty rate for the metropolitan area, whichever thresh- old is lower. Under this definition, there is only one R/ECAP in the City of Fairfield, in census tract 2526.07, and is listed as on the Federal Opportunity Zones. However, the criteria used to define a R/ECAP rely on the federal poverty level. They do not fully capture poverty levels in areas with a high cost of living, such as the San Francisco Bay Area. A more inclusive definition of concentra- tion includes census tracts that have poverty rates of 25 percent or more.

What are the characteristics of the market in these areas/neighborhoods? The R/ECAP area has homes and apartments that are priced below the median market rates for sales and rents.

Are there any community assets in these areas/neighborhoods? Community assets are typically facilities such as schools, libraries, community centers, parks, and access/proximity to commercial centers or establishments, including grocery stores, general mer- chandise stores, and pharmacy retailers. In this R/ECAP neighborhood , there are several retailers, small non-brand hotels, service commercial and multi-family residential units.

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98 Are there other strategic opportunities in any of these areas? The City of Fairfield has been engaged in an ongoing process to revitalize Downtown Fairfield, spurring investment and development in the area. This presents a key opportunity to leverage the private investment in the Downtown area and continue to pursue public/private partnerships to complete a range of projects.

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99 MA-60 Broadband Needs of Housing occupied by Low- and Moderate-Income Households - 91.210(a)(4), 91.310(a)(2)

Describe the need for broadband wiring and connections for households, including low - and moderate-income households and neighborhoods.

Broadband is essential to modern life. It is an engine of economic possibility, educational op- portunity, civic engagement, and access to health care. People and communities that lack broadband and its means are falling behind. Lack of broadband is not just a matter of geogra- phy or density; income, education, disability status, age, race, and ethnicity correl ate with lower broadband adoption. In other words, the poor, the less educated, the differently-abled, seniors, and people of color also feel the costs of the digital divide. The Covid-19 pandemic has reinforced our reliance on broadband and the importance of closing the divide. With school, work, and health care wholly or increasingly available online as a public health imperative, an individual’s ability to access and use broadband became the difference between fully engaging in life and being cut off.

Describe the need for increased competition by having more than one broadband Internet ser- vice provider serve the jurisdiction.

Historically, the federal government has used 10/Mbps/1Mbps and 25 Mbps/3 Mbps as standard defini- tions of broadband service, despite most broadband experts agreeing that those speeds are much too low for our current bandwidth consumption. These definitions are antiquated and reflect the speed re- quirements of decades past. Community needs, and economic recovery from the Coronavirus Pan- demic, highlight the necessity for 100/100 Mbps capacity. Most households with parents working from home and children learning at home require this capacity daily. Additionally, there are many situations where two neighboring households may not get the same internet speeds and won’t have reliable broadband speeds when the network is serving all subscribers. A common-sense approach to bringing usable and affordable broadband service to more households and businesses within a reasonable time frame will leverage the diversity of technologies and services provided, allowing for increased competi- tion.

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100

MA-65 Hazard Mitigation - 91.210(a)(5), 91.310(a)(3)

Describe the jurisdiction’s increased natural hazard risks associated with climate change.

Solano County has assessed hazard risk and the impact of hazards on lower-income communities and individuals. The last hazard mitigation report was completed in 2012, but a new plan collab- orating with FEMA is currently underway.

The City of Fairfield implemented its Sustainability & Climate Change Initiative in 2009. These documents have suggested actions that jurisdictions can take to limit greenhouse gas emissions.

Fairfield has a strong planning and regulatory foundation for a sustainable development pro- gram.

Below is a basic assessment of hazard risks facing Solano County and the City of Fairfield, followed by a general outline of how climate change may alter these hazards and their effects.

Per the Solano County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan, the following hazards are considered:

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101

Describe the vulnerability to these risks of housing occupied by low - and moderate-income households based on an analysis of data, findings, and methods.

The period preceding a disaster is the key phase for reducing vulnerabilities and proactively pre- venting harm. Studies show that the most vulnerable are typically the least likely to adapt to preventive measures. About 38% of those vulnerable to a 100-year flood with a 55-inch sea-level rise in Solano County earn less than $30,000. These household s are less likely than their counter- parts to afford emergency preparedness materials, buy insurance policies, and complete needed building reinforcements.

Renters are also less likely to reinforce buildings and buy insurance because making significant improvements typically lies with the property owner. In Solano County, 33% of households are renters.

Following a flood event or other disaster, a range of conditions determines a victim's ability to recover and reconstruct. Important factors include mobility to relocate where opportunities arise, the ability to obtain insurance compensation for losses, and the ability to receive medical care and public services. Household income, insurance coverage, legal residency status, and race all affect individuals' vulnerability in potential flood areas.

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102

Strategic Plan
SP-05 Overview
Strategic Plan Overview
The Strategic Plan discusses the City of Fairfield's priority housing and community development needs and establishes objectives intended to meet those needs and strategies to implement the objectives. Priority needs have been determined as the result of t he needs assessment process.

The assessment analyzed the community setting, including housing and population characteris- tics, consultations, and an online survey. Priority needs have been grouped into four categories of objectives to meet those needs, with high priority objectives: Public Services, Non-Public Ser- vices, Fair Housing, and Administration.

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103

SP-10 Geographic Priorities – 91.215 (a)(1)
Geographic Area

1 Area Name: City of Fairfield
Area Type: City of Fairfield Other
Other Target Area Description: Other
% of Low/Mod:

Revitalization Type
Other Revitalization Description
Identify the neighborhood boundaries for this target area Include specific housing and commercial characteristics of this target area How did your consultation and citizen participation process help you to identify this target area?

Identify the needs in this target area
What are the opportunities for improvement in this target area Are these barriers to improvement in this target area?

2 Area Name: Low/Mod Area
Area Type: Low income Census Tracts Local Target
Area Other Target Area Description: Other
% of Low/Mod:

Revitalization Type
Other Revitalization Description Comprehensive
Identify the neighborhood boundaries for this target area Include specific housing and commercial characteristics of this target area How did your consultation and citizen participation process help you to identify this target area?

Identify the needs in this target area
Table 27 - Geographic Priority Areas

General Allocation Priorities
The City of Fairfield will be providing support for services and projects throughout the entire City.

Infrastructure and Public Facilities projects will be concentrated and limited to the Low-income Census tracts.

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104

SP-25 Priority Needs - 91.215(a)(2)
Priority Needs

1 Priority Need Name Public Services
Priority Level High
Population Extremely Low, Low
Large Families
Families with Children
Elderly
Chronic Homelessness
Individuals
Mentally Ill
Chronic Substance Abuse
Veterans
Persons with HIV/AIDS
Victims of Domestic Violence
Unaccompanied Youth
Elderly, Frail Elderly
Persons with Mental Disabilities
Persons with Physical Disabilities
Persons with Developmental Disabilities
Persons with Alcohol or Other Addictions
Persons with HIV/AIDS and their Families
Victims of Domestic Violence
Geographic Areas Affected Citywide
Associated Goals PS-1: Homelessness
Ps-2: Homeless Prevention
PS-3: Youth
PS-4: Special Needs Populations
Description The public Services Priority addresses the need to provide various public services to low-to-moderate-income persons, including homeless and non-homeless special needs populations in the City.

Basis for Relative Priority The priority needs for public service activities are based on special needs populations, such as the homeless, persons with disabilities, elderly/frail elderly, and persons with disabilities within the City.

This information is found within the Needs Assessment and Market Analysis of this Plan. Special needs populations and the general low-income population of the City typically have limited access to various public services.

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105

Priority Need Name Non-Public Services

2 Priority Level High
Population Extremely Low, Low
Large Families
Families with Children
Elderly
Chronic Homelessness
Individuals
Mentally Ill
Chronic Substance Abuse
Veterans
Persons with HIV/AIDS
Victims of Domestic Violence
Unaccompanied Youth
Elderly, Frail Elderly
Persons with Mental Disabilities
Persons with Physical Disabilities
Persons with Developmental Disabilities
Persons with Alcohol or Other Addictions
Persons with HIV/AIDS and their Families
Victims of Domestic Violence
Geographic Areas Affected City Wide
Associated Goals NPS 1: Affordable Housing
NPS2: Public Facilities and Infrastructure
NPS3: Economic Development
Description The Non-Public Service Need addresses the high priority needs in the City that do not meet the Public Service category. The priority is further divided into various objectives to address this priority which are found in the Goals section of the Strategic Plan.

Basis for Relative Priority This priority is a high priority in the City and is based upon the Market Assessment of this plan and the community needs
survey that was distributed via our website and various other public events.

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106

3 Priority Need
Name
Fair Housing
Priority Level High
Population Extremely Low, Low
Large Families
Families with Children
Elderly
Chronic Homelessness
Individuals
Mentally Ill
Chronic Substance Abuse
Veterans
Persons with HIV/AIDS
Victims of Domestic Violence
Unaccompanied Youth
Elderly, Frail Elderly
Persons with Mental Disabilities
Persons with Physical Disabilities
Persons with Developmental Disabilities
Persons with Alcohol or Other Addictions
Persons with HIV/AIDS and their Families
Victims of Domestic Violence
Geographic Ar-
eas Affected
City Wide
Associated Goals FH-1: Fair Housing
Description The Fair Housing Goal is to address the needs of Fair Housing to Affirmatively Further Fair Housing throughout the community.

Basis for Relative
Priority
This priority is set to ensure that the City and the residents have adequate knowledge of their Fair Housing Rights. This priority was set based upon Con- sultation with the Fair Housing Advocates within the community and the Com- munity Needs survey.

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107

Table 28 – Priority Needs Summary

4 Priority Need
Name
Administration
Priority Level HIGH
Population Other
Geographic Ar-
eas Affected
City Wide
Associated Goals AD-1:

Description General Administration of the Community Development Block Grant Program.

Basis for Relative
Priority
Required by HUD
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108

SP-30 Influence of Market Conditions – 91.215 (b)
Influence of Market Conditions
Affordable
Housing Type
Market Characteristics that will influence
the use of funds available for housing type
Tenant-Based
Rental Assis-
tance (TBRA)
The City of Fairfield has a lack of affordable housing for lower-income households.

There is a significant need for new affordable housing units and rehabilitation and preservation of existing housing. Therefore, the City uses CDBG and Low- and Mod- erate-income Asset Funds (LMIAHF) for acquisition and rehabilitation. The City of Fairfield Housing Authority administers the TBRA through State HOME funds. The TBRA program addresses the needs of homeless or near homeless individuals in the City.

TBRA for
Non-Home-
less Special
Needs
As stated above, TBRA is provided through the Fairfield Housing Authority. In re- sponse to the COVID-19 crisis, the need for TBRA has increased. The City will use the available TBRA funds to assist near-homeless individuals in regaining stability.

New Unit Pro-
duction
The City uses LMIAHF funds to aid in new unit production. CDBG funds cannot be used for new construction but may support new construction through site acquisi- tion or infrastructure improvements.

Rehabilitation The City of Fairfield has a Housing Revolving Loan fund that is used for housing ac- tivities. These funds are used to used support owner-occupied and rental single- family home rehabilitation.

Acquisition,
including
preservation
As developers seek funding for the acquisition of land or property, CDBG funds are often used to assist with the development and rehabilitation of affordable housing units.

Table 62 – Influence of Market Conditions

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SP-35 Anticipated Resources - 91.215(a)(4), 91.220(c)(1,2) Introduction
The funding allocation below reflects all funds reasonably expected for Fiscal Year 2022 -2023. During the Five-Year Consolidated Plan Period, Fairfield anticipates receiving approximately $4million in CDBG funds. As shown in the table below. In addition to CDBG funds other potential funding sources available to address housing and community development needs in Fairfield include HOME funds through the State Department of Housing and Community Development’s HOME Program, state and federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit, CalHome, and Housing Choice Vouchers. However despite these potential resources, funding is not expected to be sufficient to address all needs identified in the Consolidated Plan. Funding shortages are consistely the most significant barrier to fully addr essing Packet Page 1196 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 109 of 156

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Fairfield’s housing and community development needs.

Anticipated Resources
Program Source of
Funds
Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected Amount Availa-
ble Remainder
of ConPlan
$
Narrative Descrip-
tion Annual Al-
location: $
Program
Income: $
Prior Year
Resources: $
Total:
$
CDBG Public-federal Acquisition
Admin and Plan-
ning
Economic Devel-
opment
Housing
Public Improve-
ments
Public Services
$794,520 $0 $ 826,045.26 $1,620,565.26 $3,182,435 Prior Year Resources includes
$163,718.57 in Prior
year entitle-ment
funds $520,712 in
Housing Revolving
Loan Funds and
$141,614.78 In
Econ-comic Devel-
opment Revolving
Loan Funds
Other
Housing
Successor
Funds
Public-local Fair Housing Ser-
vices
$44,000 $0 $0 $220,000 $220,000 The City anticipates
utilizing LMIHAF to
fund Fair Housing
Services during the
Consolidated Plan
period.

Table 63 - Anticipated Resources

Explain how federal funds will leverage those additional resources (private, state, and local funds), including a description of how matching requirements will be satisfied
Many of the activities that the City intends to fund through CDBG will require additional public and private resources, and C DBG funds will be used to leverage these other funding sources. The City of Fairfield plans to use CDBG funds for a range of activities during the five-year planning period, including sidewalk improvements, housing rehabilitation, fair housing services, and emergency shelter op- erations, consistent with activities that the City has funded in recent years.

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Housing rehabilitation grants are not typically used to leverage other resources to fund individual projects but instead prov ide a means for the residents to maintain existing housing resources . Therefore, the Housing rehab grant reduces the cost that would otherwise be associated with providing housing for the households that receive assistance through this activity.

Housing Rehab funding will serve households at or below LMI, in addition to hous eholds with income slightly above the LMI level. How- ever, at least 51 percent of the total number of units must be occupied by LMI households .

If appropriate, describe publicly owned land or property located within the jurisdiction that may be used to address the needs identified in the plan
The City owns an Emergency Shelter on Ohio St. The City donated the property to an organization to operate the shelter. In addition to the shelter, the City also donated three units for transitional housing for the homeless. The TBRA program supplements the transi- tional units.

Discussion
The City strives to effectively allocate and utilize all resources at its disposal to address the most pressing needs of lowe r-income residents and neighborhoods in Fairfield. The breadth of projects funded shows a thoughtful approach to bringing needed services and infrastructure to Fairfield residents while successfully leveraging federal dollars. The City is committed to providing affordable housing and homeless services to the lowest income Fairfield residents, as is witnessed in the donation of the property to build a much-needed emergency shelter and transitional housing units.

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SP-40 Institutional Delivery Structure – 91.215(k)
Explain the institutional structure through which the jurisdiction will carry out its consolidated plan, including private industry, non-profit organizations, and public institutions.

Responsible Entity Responsible Entity Type Role Geographic Area Served City of Fairfield Government Economic Development
Homelessness
Non-homeless special needs
Ownership
Planning
Rental neighborhood improve-
ments
Public facilities
Public services
Jurisdiction
Fairfield Housing
Authority
PHA Ownership, Planning, Rental Jurisdiction
Solano County
Continuum of Care
Government Homelessness Jurisdiction
Table 64 - Institutional Delivery Structure

Assess of Strengths and Gaps in the Institutional Delivery System The strengths in the institutional delivery system are the result of years of ongoing collaboration between public institutions, nonprofit organizations, and the private sector. Some of these strengths include:
 A strong, well-managed municipal government;
 A mutually beneficial exchange of services between jurisdictions and community organi- zations; and
 Close collaboration and coordination among the County of Solano, the City of Fairfield, the Fairfield Housing Authority, and a variety of nonprofits in the “Continuum of Care.

The creation of the Homeless Service Division and the Housing Services Department strengthens the delivery of services to the residents. It allows for proper coordination throughout the juris- diction and strengthens the relationship with community partners. The Housing Services Depart- ment works closely with the Homeless Services Division to gather information regarding activi- ties, funding, and homelessness planning. The Homeless Services Division Manager is the Chair of the Community Action Partnership of Solano Joint Powers Authority, serving as the HMIS Ad- ministrator and Collaborative Applicant for the local Continuum of Care, known as Housing First Solano. The COC includes representation from non-profit, governmental, fair housing service pro- viders, advocacy groups, faith-based, and other relevant community groups to implement critical strategies identified in the 5- year Plan to end Homelessness.

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The City has also established a 2-year funding cycle for the first two years of the five-year Con- solidated Plan period and a 3-year funding cycle to complete the last three years. The multiple- year funding cycle will greatly reduce the time spent completing and reviewing CDBG subrecipi- ents and staff applications.

The majority of the jurisdiction's goals and objectives within the Consolidated Plan and Annual Action Plan are met through activities that are carried out by Subrecipients that are primarily public and private agencies within the City, including non-profit organizations.

There is ongoing concern about the long-term capacity of the non-profit community during these tough budgetary times and their ability to comply with often complex federal regula tions and requirements in implementing federally funded programs. Contributing factors include the rela- tively low pay scale associated with non-profits leading to high staff turnover and a severe lack of ongoing training and professional development resources.

Availability of services targeted to homeless persons and persons with HIV and mainstream services
Homelessness Prevention Services Available in the
Community
Targeted too
Homeless
Targeted to People with
HIV
Homelessness Prevention Services
Counseling/Advocacy X X Unknown
Legal Assistance X X Unknown
Mortgage Assistance X X Unknown
Rental Assistance X X Unknown
Utilities Assistance X X Unknown
Street Outreach Services
Law Enforcement x x Unknown
Mobile Clinics x x Unknown
Other Street Outreach Services x x Unknown
Supportive Services
Alcohol & Drug Abuse x x Unknown
Child Care x x Unknown
Education x x Unknown
Employment and Employment Train-
ing
x x Unknown
Healthcare x x Unknown
HIV/AIDS Unknown Unknown Unknown
Life Skills x x Unknown
Mental Health Counseling x x Unknown
Transportation x x Unknown
Other
Other
Table 65 - Homeless Prevention Services Summary

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Describe how the service delivery system including, but not limited to, the services listed above meet the needs of homeless persons (particularly chronically homeless individuals and fami- lies, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth) Homeless in Fairfield are coordinated through the county-wide coordinated system, Resource Connect Solano (RCS). RCS conducts a needs assessment based on vulnerability to determine an individual's needs. This needs assessment determines the type of services that an individual needs, including mental health, employment, substance abuse, shelter, and housing. The City of Fairfield does not provide mental health services. Solano County Mental Health provides mental health services for individuals throughout the county. However, these services are not open to the City for referral; therefore, it is unknown what mental health and substance abuse treatment facilities are available for those in Fairfield needing these services. The Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District provides services for unaccompanied youth, such as meals, food, motel vouchers, clothing, rental assistance, school supplies, shelter, and housing assistance.

Veteran services are provided through SHELTER Solano, where they have intense case manage- ment for homeless veterans. Additionally, Habitat for Humanity has two homes in Fairfield spe- cifically to house formerly homeless Veterans exiting from a homeless. Berkeley Food and Hous- ing provides outreach services to unsheltered homeless throughout Solano County.

Describe the strengths and gaps of the service delivery system for special needs population and persons experiencing homelessness, including, but not limited to, the services listed above The 2020 Fairfield GAPS Analysis found the priority gaps as:
1) Housing and Shelter
a. Lack of affordable housing options
b. Lack of access to emergency shelter beds and other stabilizing residential pro- grams
2) Access to the System of Services
a. Lack of centralized services
b. Lack of education about Coordinated Entry and other services and resources in the homeless system of care
c. Accessibility of Coordinated Entry Access Points
d. Lack of comprehensive HMIS participation
3) Outreach, Case Management, and Referrals
a. Lack of robust outreach program
b. Lack of partnerships between agencies for site-based outreach 4) Basic Needs Services
a. Lack of transportation options both within Fairfield and to neighboring cities b. Lack of 24-hour services in a centralized location
5) Children, Youth, and Aging Adults
a. Lack of housing and supportive services opportunities specific to families with chil- dren and aging adults
b. Lack of health and behavioral health services for youth 6) Health and Behavioral Health Services
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a. Lack of health care options for clients in non-emergency settings b. Lack of behavioral health and substance abuse treatment options c. Lack of ability of clients to adhere to COVID-19 public health guidelines 7) Education, Skill Building, and Employment Services
a. High barriers to employment and lack of employment opportunities for clients 8) Community Engagement and Support
a. Incomplete understanding of homelessness exists among some community mem- bers
b. Some community members are unaware of non-emergency responses to home- lessness

Provide a summary of the strategy for overcoming gaps in the institutional structure and ser- vice delivery system for carrying out a strategy to address priori ty needs The City adopted a Comprehensive Homeless Strategy beginning in 2017 based on nationwide proven models, such as Housing First. The Fairfield GAPS Analysis provided recommendations based on the identified gaps. The Homeless Services Division will be presenting these to the Fair- field City Council for consideration during the 2022 Strategic Planning Sessions. These include such recommendations as creating a Tiny Home Village and motel conversions, to name a few.

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SP-45 Goals Summary – 91.215(a)(4) Goals Summary Information Sort
Order
Goal Name Start
Year
End Year Category Geographic
Area
Needs Ad-
dressed
Funding Goal Outcome Indicator
1 Homeless Services 2022 2027 Homeless Citywide Homeless CDBG: $158,000 Homeless Person Overnight Shelter:
600 persons Assisted

2 Homeless Preven-
tion
2022 2027 Homeless Citywide Homeless CDBG: $158,000 Tenant Based Rental Assistance/rapid rehousing: 20 Households assisted
Homelessness Prevention: 150 per-
sons Assisted
3 Youth 2022 2027 Non-Housing Com-
munity Develop-
ment
Citywide Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG: $160,000 Public Service activities other than
Low/Moderate Income Housing Bene-
fit: 300 Persons assisted
4 Non-Homeless Spe-
cial Needs Popula-
tion
2022 2027 Non-Homeless Spe-
cial Needs Non-
Housing Commu-
nity Development
Citywide Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG: $160,000 Public Service activities other than
Low/Moderate Income Housing Bene-
fit 350 Households Assisted
5 Affordable Housing 2022 2027 Affordable Housing Citywide Affordable Housing
CDBG:$500,000 Rental Units rehabilitated: 50 House-
hold Housing unit
Homeowner Housing Rehabilitated:
10 Household housing unit
6 Public Facilities and
Infrastructure
2022 2027 Non-Housing Com-
munity Develop-
ment
Citywide Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:$2,751,112 Public Facility or Infrastructure Activi- ties other than Low/Moderate In-
come Housing Benefit: 5,000 Persons
Assisted
7 Economic Develop-
ment
2022 2027 Non-Housing Com-
munity Develop-
ment
Citywide Non-Housing
Community
Development
CDBG:$300,000 Jobs created/retained: 10 jobs
Businesses Assisted: 5 businesses as-
sisted
8 Fair Housing 2022 2027 Non-Housing Com-
munity Develop-
ment
Citywide Non-Housing
Community
Development
LMIHAF: $220,000 Public service activities other than
Low/Moderate Income Housing Bene-
fit:
200 Persons Assisted
9 Administration 2022 2027 Administration Citywide Administra- tion
CDBG: $846,496 Other: 5 others
Table 6629 – Goals Summary
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Goal Descriptions
1 Goal Name Homeless Services
Description Support and expand services to unhoused residents, including street outreach, case management, housing search assistance, eme rgency shelter, and other services.
2 Goal Name Homeless Prevention
Description Expand existing homeless prevention services for at-risk residents, including emergency rental assistance, legal assistance, tenant/landlord media- tion, and financial management training for lower-income residents. 3 Goal Name Youth
Description Increase enrichment, life skills, and recreational opportunities for low to moderate-income youth, foster youth, and abused children. 4 Goal Name Special Needs Populations Services
Description Increase opportunities for persons with special needs, eld erly, frail elderly, and persons with physical, mental, and developmental disabilities to be housed, become more independent and be protected from discriminatory practices. 5 Goal Name Affordable Housing
Description Maintain and preserve the existing affordable housing stock, including rental units and single -family properties owned and occupied by lower- income households.
6 Goal Name Public Facilities and Infrastructure
Description Create, preserve, and improve facilities and infrastructures that serve low-income neighborhoods, homeless, and special needs populations. 7 Goal Name Economic Development
Description The Economic Development Revolving Loan fund reduces the number of persons with incomes below the poverty level and expands economic opportunities for very low- and low-income residents.
8 Goal Name Fair Housing
Description Promote the Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing policy by eliminating discrimination in housing choice by providing fair housing counseling, investigation, mediation, enforcement, and education.
9 Goal Name Administration
Description The administration will support the development of a thriving Fairfield community, especially for low- and moderate-income persons, by providing general management, oversight, coordination, public information and engagement, and administration of the CDBG grant in a fis cally responsible manner.

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Estimate the number of extremely low-income, low-income, and moderate-income families to whom the jurisdiction will provide affordable housing as defined by HOME 91.315(b)(2)
The City of Fairfield does not currently have a HOME grant.

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SP-50 Public Housing Accessibility and Involvement – 91.215(c) Need to Increase the Number of Accessible Units (if Required by a Section 504 Voluntary Com- pliance Agreement)
The City of Fairfield does not have a voluntary compliance agreement.

Activities to Increase Resident Involvements
The FHA does not have public housing; however, the Resident Advisory Board (RAB) participates in the planning of the 5year and annual plan for the Housing Authority.

Is the public housing agency designated as troubled under 24 CFR part 902? The FHA is not designated as troubled.

Plan to remove the ‘troubled’ designation
This does not apply.

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SP-55 Barriers to affordable housing – 91.215(h)
Barriers to Affordable Housing
Site improvement standards establish infrastructure or require services to support new residen- tial development such as streets, sidewalks, water and sewer, drainage, curbs and gutters, street signs, park dedications, utility easements, and landscaping. While these improvements are nec- essary to ensure that new housing meets the local jurisdiction’s development goals, the cost of these requirements can represent a significant share of the cost of producing new housing. As stated in HUD’s study of Subdivision Requirements as a Regulatory Barrier, such requirements can reasonably be considered regulatory barriers to aff ordable housing if the jurisdiction deter- mined requirements are greater (and hence, more costly) than those necessary to achieve health and safety requirements in the community. Subdivision requirements address streets, water, sewer, and drainage facilities; park, school, and other development fees; and tree planting. These standards and fees, while related to legitimate health, safety, and public service needs, nonethe- less increase development costs. According to the Housing Element, City fees add another $30,000 in costs, and streets, sewers, sidewalks, water lines, and off-site improvement costs can be substantial for many new subdivisions.

Strategy to Remove or Ameliorate the Barriers to Affordable Housing The City is currently in review of the Housing Element and General Plan and reviewing the re- quired stragies needed to remove the barriers to affordable housing.

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SP-60 Homelessness Strategy – 91.215(d)
Reaching out to homeless persons (especially unsheltered persons) and assessing their individ- ual needs
The Fairfield City Council recently revised its comprehensive Homeless Strategy and formally cre- ated a Homeless Services Division in the City Manager’s Office to manage the City’s response to homelessness. The Homeless Services Division coordinates with other City departments using a hands-on approach to develop best practices for public policies for the City. The Homeless Ser- vices Division also allows the City to guide its participation in ongoing regional planning activities.

This strategy allows coordination of activities with service providers, stakeholders, and affected citizens to ensure an efficient and effective system offering everyone access to shelter, food, employment, housing, and other basic needs and opportunities. Through the many col labora- tions and partnerships, the City is able to address the needs of the homeless population.

Several agencies in Solano County provide a variety of homeless outreach and supportive ser- vices, including short-term or one-time rental and move-in financial assistance to help families obtain and keep permanent housing. Services include housing search assistance, employment training, and placement, financial literacy, mental and behavioral health services.

At the end of June 2021, the Homeless Services Division was approved to add four new Homeless Housing Navigator positions to its staff. The City has also developed and will implement a new Homeless Case Management System, Apricot. This system will provide real-time, participant- driven detail on the state of homelessness in Fairfield by tracking interactions with those seeking services, field contacts, homeless fires, and encampment cleanups to tailor the City’s homeless strategy and resources toward actual need. The system will also integrate with the local HMIS and collaborate with local service provider efforts.

Fairfield’s Police Department increased staffing on the HIT Team. This will allow for more out- reach and case management for the homeless community. Additionally, the HIT Team now works with the Apricot 360 case management system and the county-wide Coordinated Entry System to better collaborate on available resources and triage based on immediate need. The HIT Team conducts regular regional outreach efforts in partnership with area law enforcement, social ser- vices, mental health, healthcare, shelter services, animal care, and crisis intervention teams to contact the homeless where they are and connect them to resources. Due to the Covid -19 pan- demic, Solano County Behavioral Health is partnering with local jurisdictions and service provid- ers to perform coordinated regional outreach throughout the county.

The Homeless Services Division facilitated its first monthly Homeless Services Collaborative meet- ing via Zoom and now meets regularly. The collaborative’s goals are to be action-based and im- plement goals and objectives to better serve Fairfield homeless. The Homeless Services Collabo- rative consists of executives of local entities ready to work together on a policy level to achieve positive change in our community. The group understands that it is important to advocate and promote each other’s programs to provide the most cohesive approach to serving our Fairfield homeless and building on our networks.

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The City also contracts with Homebase, Center for Common Concerns, to conduct a Gaps Analysis about the needs and impacts of homelessness specific to Fairfield. The gaps analysis was con- ducted as part of the ongoing efforts by the City of Fairfield to lead a strategic, community-based response to homelessness. Through an analysis of the local housing and services system, this report integrates the perspectives of homeless service providers, stakeholders, individuals expe- riencing homelessness, and other community members to create a comprehensive portrait of the homelessness system of care, emphasizing existing gaps opportunities for growth. This anal- ysis further provides several recommendations to enhance the efficacy and efficiency of the local homeless system.

Addressing the emergency and transitional housing needs of homeless persons Emergency Shelter. The City of Fairfield supports SHELTER Solano with CDBG funds. SHELTER Inc. has operated this shelter since February 2019. This 130-bed homeless shelter for unsheltered individuals and families is located at 310 Beck Ave. in Fairfield and is now just one of several of the City’s homeless shelters.

Through an MHSA and Homeless Mentally Ill Outreach and Treatment Program (HMIOT) funding, Solano County Behavior Health contracts with Shelter Solano to provide emergency shelter hous- ing services for eligible seriously mentally ill adults for a maximum of 9 months, targeting a typical length of stay of under six months. The program provides case management support to build the skills necessary to secure permanent housing upon discharge.

In 2019, Solano obtained an additional $3,000,000 in HEAP one-time funding to construct a com- mercial kitchen on-site. $397,974 in CDBG funds are being leveraged with HEAP funds to meet the budget gap in order to complete this critically needed kitchen and thus, increase capacity.

SHELTER Solano utilizes a Housing First model. The individual enters the program, getting their basic needs met first (shelter, food, and safety), then gaining an initial sense of stability, focusing on sobriety, health and wellness, employment, and housing. In 2020, SHELTER Inc. provided ser- vices to 235 unduplicated Fairfield homeless residents by leveraging CDBG funds with other pro- gram funds. 27% of the participants exited to permanent or temporary destinations.

After initial reports of COVID, SHELTER, Inc. immediately began creating an evidence-based Tele- Case Management program to include new policies and procedures to be added to their Case Management model. The telehealth component to care allowed the case manager to meet with their clients and work toward goal planning and completion via phone, email, text, and video chat. If an interruption in onsite services occurred, SHELTER, Inc. implemented offering services virtually. As a congregate shelter, they created and continue social distancing on campus, which continues to be a struggle.

SHELTER Solano also operated Project Roomkey from May 2020 until May 2021 in Fairfield, providing shelter, support, and services to 156 unduplicated participants utilizing funds leveraged through Fairfield’s one-time COVID-19 CARE allocation and CAP Solano. This program has been completed after extensive efforts to transition participants to permanent supportive housing us- ing VASH Vouchers and rental assistance for deposits.

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SHELTER Solano is now being converted to a regional homeless navigation center in partnership with most Solano County cities and will serve as one of three satellite facilities serving the county to reduce barriers to exiting homelessness.

The City of Fairfield secured the Ohio Street Transitional Shelter operator through a procurement process. The shelter will serve the Fairfield community offering 24-hour emergency shelter beds, meals, and case management services to the homeless community.

Transitional Housing (TH)
According to the 2019 HIC, Solano County curre ntly has 99 Transitional Housing beds adminis- tered by Caminar, Community Action NorthBay (CAN-B), First Place for Youth, Solano Dream Cen- ter, Mission Samoa, and Vacaville Social Services Corporation. Twenty-two of these beds are CoC- funded Transitional Housing with Rapid Rehousing program available annually through the CoC competition. Twelve are funded by the VA Grants Per Diem (GPD) grant. Sixteen of these beds are dedicated to homeless youth, 37 for families with children, and 12 to homeless veterans.

Additionally, Solano has ten beds of medical respite, a temporary housing facility for homeless individuals discharged from a hospital.

Resource Connect Solano (RCS) operates the Housing First Solano Continuum of Care (CoC) Co- ordinated Entry System (CES). CES focuses on housing and service coordination designed to link homeless people to the most appropriate housing solution based on their needs. The COVID pan- demic has significantly impacted RCS and the homeless to provide in -person services. However, RCS continued its efforts to fill vacant positions and increase community collaboration to assist the homeless as RCS understands that the system’s optimal operation is contingent upon com- munity partnerships.

Prevention and Diversion
Prevention and Diversion programs help individuals and families who are recently homeless or at imminent risk of homelessness identify alternative housing solutions and connect to services and financial support to return to permanent housing as quickly as possible. Prevention and Di- version programs are aligned with Community Action Partnership Solano (CAP Solano) Joint Power’s Authority’s Strategic Plan to reduce the number of people entering homelessness by 50% within five years of March 2017.

The City adopted a Comprehensive Homeless Strategy in 2017 and revised it in 2020 to further strengthen Fairfield's homeless population's overall continuum of services. The five key compo- nents of the Homeless Strategy are:
1) Protect the Health and Safety of Fairfield Residents a. Enforce existing City ordinances/laws with respect to criminal activities in and about homeless locations
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a. Seek and secure grant funding for all types of shelter & housing within the contin- uum of services
b. Explore and implement innovative housing solutions based on proven outcomes c. Develop public/private partnerships to build a full continuum of housing opportu- nities that includes wrap-around services
3) Strengthen System of Care Services & Programs
a. Seek and secure grant funding for homeless housing, prevention, and diversion b. Support public/private partnerships to provide direct outreach to hom eless c. Quickly and efficiently connect persons in need to appropriate resources 4) Improve Public Policies and Community Engagement
a. Update and support local and state policies that protect residents & reduce home- less related criminal activity
b. Enhance access to housing & homeless services through public awareness educa- tion strategy
c. Increase awareness of housing, homeless issues, and City efforts in Fairfield 5) Strengthen Regional Capacity to Address Homelessness a. Support CAP Solano JPA regional efforts to respond to homelessness b. Support efforts to streamline Coordinated Entry approach to expedite referrals for housing & supportive services
c. Partner with County on housing and shelter sustainability & supportive services In July 2020, the City formalized a Homeless Services Division in the City Manager’s Office specif- ically to implement and oversee the Homeless Strategy by working with the City Departments and outside stakeholders, secure state and federal funding, and effect policy that permanently reduces homelessness. The Homeless Services Division created a Five-Year Plan to reduce home- lessness in Fairfield by 50%, primarily by creating various sheltering and housing services in line with the full continuum of homeless services.

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SP-65 Lead-based paint Hazards – 91.215(i)
Actions to address LBP hazards and increase access to housing without LBP hazards The Housing Division of the City of Fairfield uses CDBG funds to operate a Lead-Based Paint Abatement Program that is typically implemented as part of the City’s Rehabilitation Loan Pro- gram for low-income residents and plans to continue this program during the five-year planning period. All low-income residents of Fairfield are eligible for the program and lead-based paint testing. Most housing units assisted with CDBG funds were built before 1978 and are therefore impacted by lead-based paint regulations. Units built before 1978 that are assisted with CDBG funds are inspected and tested for lead hazards, and all construction activities are monitored for compliance with HUD's Safe Work Practices. Clearance testing is conducted at the completion of the projects to ensure that the site is free of hazards and safe for occupancy. In additio n to the Lead-Based Paint Program, the City of Fairfield also performs lead-based paint testing on any properties affected by CDBG funds and built before 1978.

How are the actions listed above related to the extent of lead poisoning and hazards? As discussed above, units constructed before 1978 are tested for lead-based paint hazards, which is consistent with the factors associated with the risk of lead-based paint hazards. The Housing Division will continue to implement the Lead-Based Paint Abatement Program and reduce lead- based paint hazards per HUD regulations and guidelines.

How are the actions listed above integrated into housing policies and procedures? Actions to address lead-based paint programs are thoroughly integrated into housing policies and procedures due to testing and remediation of lead hazards through the City’s Housing Rehabili- tation Program and Housing Choice Voucher Program. The Specialist in charge of the Rehabilita- tion Loan Program is certified as a lead-based paint inspector and risk assessor with the California Department of Public Health. The City also distributes information on lead-based paint to partic- ipants in the Housing Choice Voucher Program and Housing Rehabilitation Loan Program. In ad- dition, the City specifically prohibits contractors that participate in City housing programs from using lead-based paint in their work.

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SP-70 Anti-Poverty Strategy – 91.215(j)
Jurisdiction Goals, Programs and Policies for reducing the number of Poverty-Level Families The objectives and strategies of this Consolidated Plan are focused on reducing the number of families living in poverty, improving the quality of life for the poorest of families living in Fairfield, and lessening the impacts of poverty. Strategies include those addressing the preservation of affordable housing, emergency housing, and services for Fairfield persons experiencing home- lessness, public investment in infrastructure to improve the quality of life in lower-income areas, and economic development activities.

The movement of people above the poverty line involves a variety of policies and programs that extend beyond providing opportunities for employment at a living wage. Access to education, transportation, childcare, and housing are key components that can assist persons in securing and retaining economically self-sustaining employment.

The City of Fairfield employs various strategies to help alleviate poverty, including stimulating economic growth and job opportunities and providing Fairfield residents with the skills and abil- ities required to take advantage of those opportunities. CDBG funds are utilized to provide grants to non-profit agencies to operate public services programs and funding to address fair housing issues in the community, which directly impacts poverty-level individuals and families.

How are the Jurisdiction poverty reducing goals, programs, and policies coordinated with this affordable housing plan
The City of Fairfield Strategic Plan allocates funding through the Revolving Loan Program to help seniors and very low-income residents to fix up their deteriorating homes and age in place.

The plan provides a comprehensive array of services for unhoused residents or those at risk , in- cluding outreach from the Homeless Intervention Team (HIT), connectivity to 2-1-1 resources, emergency shelter, transitional housing, and many other resources for the unhoused population.

It also helps keep low-income residents from becoming homeless by providing eviction preven- tion assistance through tenant/landlord counseling, eviction legal advice, fair housing services, rental, and utility assistance. Finally, it provides hot meals five days per week for those in need.

An array of services assists vulnerable special needs populations such as the elderly and those with disabilities, providing advocacy in care facilities, hot meals to those who are homebound, independent living skills to those with vision impairments, and legal and care management ser- vices for older adults. The Plan provides advocacy for foster youth, emergency child shelter, and respite services for struggling families and children . The Fairfield Strategic Plan of the Consoli- dated Plan for 2022-27 strives to provide a thoughtful and extensive array of services to lower- income Fairfield residents.

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SP-80 Monitoring – 91.230
Describe the standards and procedures that the jurisdiction will use to monitor activities car- ried out in furtherance of the plan and will use to ensure long -term compliance with require- ments of the programs involved, including minority business outreach and the comprehensive planning requirements
The City of Fairfield works diligently to oversee all CDBG-funded activities to ensure compliance with federal regulations and timeliness in accomplishing goals and drawing down funds. Al l ac- tivities are on schedule, and grant disbursements are made in a timely manner, with all expend- itures matching the letter of credit disbursements.

The City of Fairfield conducts an initial Pre-Award Risk Analysis with an application's initial review and annually conducts a Post Award Risk Analysis on all subrecipients. The risk analysis is main- tained in a spreadsheet for the entire Consolidated Plan period, so agency risk scores and moni- toring can be easily reviewed.

The City conducts a rigorous desk monitoring of all subrecipients every quarter. Quarterly reports are thoroughly reviewed to compare contract goals to achievements, racial and ethnic distribu- tion of persons served with the Fairfield population, in general, to look for racial disparities in service delivery, income level of persons served, and issues reported with program delivery.

Board minutes are required for the quarter and are reviewed for a big -picture perspective of agency challenges and successes.

The quarterly financial monitoring includes a review of the required sources and uses of the budget to gauge progress in obtaining program financial support from non -CDBG sources. Re- quired Expense Summary reports and backup are carefully reviewed to ensure compliance with 2 CFR 200 Uniform Administrative Requirements and other HUD regulations before payment is released. Most projects and programs submit an independent financial audit annually.

To ensure FHEO compliance, CDBG staff collects data in the application about the accessibility of facilities, language outreach, and translation of materials. Additionally, in the final report, sub- recipients provide detailed information about services to clients with limited English proficiency, numbers of staff who speak Spanish and other languages, materials translated into other lan- guages, and more.

In addition to the quarterly desk monitoring of the programs, staff perform s risk analysis on all sub-recipients. Those scoring in range for high risk and medium risk receive a physical site moni- toring. During site monitoring, there is an inspection of the site for ADA access to verify the in- formation presented in the application and other documents staff are interviewed, and there is a review of quarterly report and project files. City staff also documents internal controls for fi- nancials.

All monitoring contact letters, the completed joint monitoring forms, final monitoring results, and any follow-up communication about the monitoring are electronically submitted and stored in the City Data Services online reporting system and the physical file for the sub-recipient.

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Expected Resources
AP-15 Expected Resources – 91.220(c)(1,2)
Introduction The funding allocation below reflects all funds reasonably expected for Fiscal Year 2022-2023. During the Five-Year Consolidated Plan Period, Fairfield anticipates receiving approximately $4million in CDBG funds. As shown in the table below. In addi- tion to CDBG funds other potential funding sources available to address housing and community development needs in Fairfield in- clude HOME funds through the State Department of Housing and Community Development’s HOME Program, state and federal Low - Income Housing Tax Credis, CalHome, and Housing Choice Vouchers. However despite these potential resources, funding is not ex- pected to be sufficient to address all needs identified in the Consolidated Plan. Funding shortages are consistely the most s ignificant barrier to fully addressing Fairfield’s housing and community development needs.

Anticipated Resources
Program Source of
Funds
Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected Amount
Available
Remainder
of ConPlan
$
Narrative Description
Annual Allo-
cation: $
Program
Income: $
Prior Year
Resources: $
Total:
$
CDBG Public-
Federal
Acquisition
Admin and
Plannin
Economic De-
velopment
Housing
Public Im-
porvements
Public Ser-
vices
$794,520 $0 $826,045.26 $1,620,565.26 $3,182,435 Prior Year Resources includes $163,718.57
in Prior year entitle-
ment funds $520,712
in Housing Revolving
Loan Funds and
$141,614.78 In Econ-
comic Development
Revolving Loan Funds
Table 30 - Expected Resources – Priority Table

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Explain how federal funds will leverage those additional resources (private, state, and local funds), including a description of how matching requirements will be satisfied
Although CDBG regulations do not require matching funding, many of the activities t hat the City intends to fund through CDBG will require additional public and private resources, and CDBG funds will be used to leverage th ose other funding sources. The Prior Year Resources consist of the following: $141,614 Economic Development Revolving Loan Fund, $520,712 Housing Revolving Loan Fund, and $163,718.57 of prior year Entitlement funds. The City has a history of using CDBG funds to leverage General Fund revenue and other resources to complete sidewalk improvements and fund fair housing services and emergency shelter operations and anticipates continuing to fund these activities similarly during the five -year planning period.

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If appropriate, describe publically owned land or property located within the jurisdiction that may be used to address the needs identified in the plan The City owns buildings that have been donated to an operator to operate the Ohio Street Emer- gency Shelter. Included with the Emergency Shelter are three units for transitional housing and supplemented by the TBRA Program.

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Annual Goals and Objectives
AP-20 Annual Goals and Objectives
Goals Summary Information
Sort Order Goal Name Start
Year
End Year Category Geographic
Area
Needs Ad-
dressed
Funding Goal Outcome Indicator
1 Special Popula-
tions
2022 2023 Non-Hous-
ing and
Community
Develop-
ment
City of Fair-
field
Elder and
Disabled
CDBG: $55,750 Public Service Activities other than
Low/Moderate Income Housing Benefit
220 Persons
2 Youth Services 2022 2023 Non-Hous-
ing Com-
munity De-
velopment
City of Fair-
field
Youth Ser-
vices
CDBG: $43,428 Public Service Activities other than
Low/Moderate Income Housing Benefit 50
Persons
3 Homelessness 2022 2023 Non-Hous-
ing Com-
munity De-
velopment
City of Fair-
field
Homeless CDBG: $20,000 Public service activities other than Low/Moderate Income Housing Benefit:
20 Persons Assisted
4 Public Facilities &
Infrastructure
2022 2023 Non-Hous-
ing Com-
munity De-
velopment
City of Fair-
field
Infrastruc-
ture Devel-
opment
CDBG:$ 516,438 Public Facility or Infrastructure Activities other than Low/Moderate Income Housing
Benefit: 5,000 Persons Assisted
5 Affordable Hous-
ing
2022 2023 Affordable
Housing
City of Fair-
field
Affordable
Housing
CDBG: $350,000 Homeowner Housing Rehabilitated: 10
Household Housing Unit
6 Fair Housing 2022 2023 Non-Hous-
ing and
Community
Develop-
ment
City of Fair-
field
Fair Hous-
ing
Housing Succes-
sor Funds:
$46,550
Public Facility or Infrastructure Activities
other than Low/Moderate Income Housing
Benefit: 50 Persons Assisted
7 Administration 2022 2023 City of Fair-
field
Admin-
istration
CDBG: $158,904 Other: 1 Other
Table 68 – Goals Summary
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Goal Descriptions
1 Goal Name Special Needs Population
Goal Description Increase opportunities for persons with special needs, elderly, frail elderly, and persons with physical, mental, and developmental disabilities to be housed, become more independent and be protected from discriminatory practices.
2 Goal Name Youth Services
Goal Description Increase enrichment, life skills, and recreational opportunities for low to moderate-income youth, foster youth, and abused children.
3 Goal Name Homeless Services
Goal Description Support and expand services to unhoused residents, including street outreach, case management, housing search assistance, emergency shelter, and other services. 4 Goal Name Homeless Prevention
Goal Description Expand existing homeless prevention services for at -risk residents, including emergency rental assistance, legal assistance, tenant/landlord mediation, and money management for lower -income residents. 5 Goal Name Economic Development
Goal Description Will be funded through the City’s Revolving Loan Fund to reduce the number of persons with incomes below the poverty level and expand economic opportunities for very low- and low-income residents. 6 Goal Name Affordable Housing
Goal Description Maintain and preserve the existing affordable housing stock, including rental units and single -family prop- erties owned and occupied by lower-income households.
7 Goal Name Fair Housing
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Goal Description Promote the Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing policy by eliminating discrimination in housing choice by providing fair housing counseling, investigation, mediation, enforcement, and education. 8 Goal Name Administration
Goal Description The City will maximize the 20% funding cap towards program administration. The administration will sup- port the development of a thriving Fairfield community, especially for low- and moderate-income persons, by providing general management, oversight, coordination, public information and engagement, and ad- ministration of the CDBG grant in a fiscally responsible manner.

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Projects
AP-35 Projects – 91.220(d)
Introduction
The Projects listed below will be funded during the first year of the Consolidated Plan.

Projects
# Project Name
1 Financial Literacy
2 Motel Nights
3 Elder Nutrition Program (2022)
4 Ombudsman Services (2022)
5 Independent Living (2022)
6 Tutoring Program (2022)
7 Youth Scholarship (2022)
8 Youth Stipend (2022)
9 The Courage Center
10 CDBG Administration
11 Linear Trail Light Repair
12 Housing Rehabilitation Program (2022)
Table 69 – Project Information

Describe the reasons for allocation priorities and any obstacles to addressing underserved needs
The Action Plan targets resources to residents in the City of Fairfield, and represents all of the highest priorities identified in the Consolidated Plan. This includes the City's most vulnerable residents who are homeless, the special needs populations, as well as youth from lower income households. The Action Plan also addresses the housing needs of lower income households, especially those in identified lower income census tracts and block groups.

Given that the homeless and special needs populations have a variety of obstacles to accessing housing and community services, the City of Fairfield continues to provide both CDBG and Housing Successor funds for these purposes. This includes homeless activities, housing rehabilitation activities, infrastructure improvements, and public service activities that improve the quality of life for special.

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135

AP-38 Project Summary
Project Summary Information
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1 Project Name Financial Literacy
Target Area City of Fairfield
Goals Supported Homeless Prevention
Needs Addressed Public Services
Funding CDBG: $10,000
Description HERA's Financial Stability Legal Services Project addresses the need of low-income Fairfield residents for legal services to address fair housing and other housing related concerns, low-income homeowner home preservation concerns, and the broad range of debt and credit problems that threaten the ability of low-income tenants and homeowners to keep their home.

Target Date 6/30/2023
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
15 Low-to Moderate Income families
Location Description City of Fairfield
Planned Activities Provide Financial Literacy Support to individuals who are experiencing difficulties with paying rent and other bills 2 Project Name Motel Nights
Target Area City of Fairfield
Goals Supported Homeless
Needs Addressed Public Services
Funding CDBG: $10,000
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Description This project serves the unsheltered population primarily along the linear park by providing food and short-term motel nights and other basic needs such as masks, and bagged food Target Date 6/30/2023
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
25 Homeless individuals
Location Description City of Fairfield
Planned Activities Provide motel nights to homeless individuals 3 Project Name Elder Nutrition Program
Target Area City of Fairfield
Goals Supported Special Needs Populations
Needs Addressed Public Services
Funding CDBG: $30,000
Description CDBG Funds will be used to support the Meals on Wheels Elder Nutrition Program. The program provides nutritious meals on a daily basis to aid in the reduction of senior malnutrition, food insecurity and to promote senior independ- ence and socialization through human connection. As an eyes-on program, food delivery also provides an opportunity for wellness checks and through a phone app, provide immediate feedback to the administrative office on changes or concerns that need attention. Additionally, this program helps identify other needs such case management, fall pre- vention, and other services provided by Meals on Wheels and other community partners.

Target Date 6/30/2023
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Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
50 seniors
Location Description Throughout the City of Fairfield
Planned Activities Provide hot meals to seniors who may be home bound and at congregate locations. 4 Project Name Ombudsman Services
Target Area City of Fairfield
Goals Supported Special Needs Populations
Needs Addressed Public Services
Funding $12,750
Description Empowered Aging (EA, formerly Ombudsman Services of Contra Costa, Inc.) serves older and disabled adults and their families living in Contra Costa, Solano, and Alameda County. EA protects the needs and rights of those living in long - term care, most over 65, ~30% low-income, ~3,550 across Solano County, and 1,700 in FairfeldÃ¢Â¿Â¿s 46 facilities.

Most clients served have disabilities and impairments requiring care and assistance with at least three activities of daily living, more than half experience the effects of dementia and two additional co-occurring conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, mental illness, etc.

Target Date 06/30/2022
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
135 Senior and Disabled Individuals
Location Description City of Fairfield
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Planned Activities Work with Seniors and disabled individuals who may need additional protections. 5 Project Name Independent Living
Target Area City of Fairfield
Goals Supported Special Needs Populations
Needs Addressed Public Service
Funding $13,000
Description Provide virtual and in-home independent living skills instruction and training to blind and visually impaired adults so they will maintain their independence and avoid institution alization.

Target Date 06/30/2022
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
35 Senior and disabled low income individuals
Location Description City of Fairfield
Planned Activities Provide independant living skills and trainings. 6 Project Name Tutoring Program
Target Area City of Fairfield
Goals Supported Youth
Needs Addressed Public Services
Funding $14,428
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Description Provide tutoring services to youth in the designated low-income communities.

Target Date 06/30/2023
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
30 low- and moderate-income individuals
Location Description Dana Drive - 1180 Dana Drive Fairfield, CA 94533; Grande Circle - 1970 Grande Circle Fairfield, CA 94533 Planned Activities Provide tutoring services to youth in the designated low-income communities. 7 Project Name Youth Scholarship
Target Area City of Fairfield
Goals Supported Youth
Needs Addressed Public Services
Funding $11,000
Description The Youth Scholarship program addresses the need for youth recreational activities for low -income families in the Fair- field community by enabling youth of low-income families to participate in Fairfield Parks and Recreation department 's fee based recreation programs and events. The funds are distributed on a sliding scale, based on family income, and subsidize 25-100% of the registration fees.

Target Date 06/30/2023
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
15 low to moderate income individuals
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Location Description City of Fairfield
Planned Activities Provide scholarships for recreational activities for low-income individuals. 8 Project Name Youth Stipend
Target Area City of Fairfield; Low/Moderate Income Census Tracts Goals Supported Youth
Needs Addressed Public Services
Funding $10,000
Description MOVE INTO address the needs of underserved youth in the Fairfield community by providing capacity building services to racially and ethnically diverse young people from low income households who are placed at disproportionate risk of becoming disconnected from school and community to help them prepare to move i nto positions of leadership, deci- sion-making, and power at organizational, community, and governmental levels through base -building, leadership de- velopment, personal growth, and transformation.

Target Date 06/30/2023
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
5 low-income disconnected youth
Location Description 2195 Union Ave Fairfield, CA 94533 Planned Activities Provide stipends to low-and moderate-income disconnected youth who participate in jobs training program. 9 Project Name The Courage Center
Target Area City of Fairfield; Low/Moderate Income Census Tracts Goals Supported Youth
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Needs Addressed Public Services
Funding $8,000
Description Solano County's Child Advocacy Center, The Courage Center, provides evidence gathering forensic interviews for child victims as well as critical services for child victims of human trafficking, sexual assault/sexual abuse, domestic violence, physical abuse, child endangerment, neglect, child pornography and children who have witnessed violence. Each child and family are referred for mental health services, case management, housing support and advocacy within the organ- ization.

Target Date 06/30/2022
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
10 Abused Youth
Location Description 1261 Travis Blvd suite 270, Fairfield, CA 94533 Planned Activities Interview and connect abused youth to proper services. 10 Project Name CDBG Administration
Target Area City of Fairfield
Goals Supported Administration
Needs Addressed Administration
Funding CDBG: $158,904
Description Administration of the CDBG program.

Target Date 6/30/2023
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Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
None
Location Description 1000 Webster St. Fairfield, CA 94533 Planned Activities Administration of the CDBG Program
11 Project Name Linear Trail Light Repair
Target Area Low/Moderate Income Census Tracts
Goals Supported Public Facilities and Infrastructure
Needs Addressed Non-Public Services
Funding $516,438
Description Pathway lighting along the Linear Park Trail from I-80 to Travis Boulevard was constructed in the late 1980s. The light poles installed do not meet current City standard and have been prone to vandalism. Therefore, the Linear Park Trail Lighting Project will install new light poles and housing pads to meet current City standards and be more resilient to vandalism ensuring continuous lighting along the Linear Park Trail. The continuous lighting encourages safe pedestrian and bicycle travel along the trail, allowing residents to traverse through the City. The project scope is flexible and may be scaled up or down depending on available grant funding and City n eeds.

Target Date 06/30/2023
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
5000 individuals in the low-income community
Location Description City of Fairfield Linear Trail
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Planned Activities Replace lights along the pathway of linear park. 12 Project Name Housing Rehabilitation
Target Area City of Fairfield
Goals Supported Affordable Housing
Needs Addressed Non-Public Service
Funding CDBG Revolving Loan Fund: $350,000
Description Provide grants and loans for low-income homeowners to assist with housing rehabilitation.

Target Date 06/30/2023
Estimate the number and
type of families that will ben-
efit from the proposed activi-
ties
10 Low-income households
Location Description City of Fairfield
Planned Activities Provide loans and grants for low-income homeowners.

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AP-50 Geographic Distribution – 91.220(f)
Description of the geographic areas of the entitlement (including areas of low -income and mi- nority concentration) where assistance will be directed The City of Fairfield has over 20 low-income census tracts. CDBG resources will be allocated to serve the neighborhoods with the greatest need. All Public Facilities and Infrastructure projects will take place in the low-income census tracts. All other resources will be targeted for individuals and families at or below the moderate-income levels.

Geographic Distribution
Target Area Percentage of Funds
City of Fairfield 15%
Low/Moderate Income Census Tracts 85%
Table 70 - Geographic Distribution

Rationale for the priorities for allocating investments geographically Most the public services in the City of Fairfield take place virtually or from a remote location however it is ensured that all low-income residents regardless of location have access to the pub- lic services that are being offered. All public services are available for low to moderate income individuals. All public facilities projects will be allocated in the low/moderate income census tracts. This ensures that low/moderate income neighborhoods are being revitalized and there- fore the residents of those neighborhoods have access to the facilities there.

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Affordable Housing
AP-55 Affordable Housing – 91.220(g)
Introduction
This section specifies goals for the number of households to be provided with affordable housing due to the City of Fairfield CDBG expenditures within the 2022-23 program year by household type and type of activity. Per HUD guidelines, this section does not include the provision of emer- gency shelter, transitional shelter, or social services.

One Year Goals for the Number of Households to be Supported Homeless 20
Non-Homeless
Special-Needs
Total 20
Table 71 - One Year Goals for Affordable Housing by Support Requirement

One Year Goals for the Number of Households Supported Through Rental Assistance 0
The Production of New Units 0
Rehab of Existing Units 10
Acquisition of Existing Units 0
Total 10
Table 72 - One Year Goals for Affordable Housing by Support Type

Discussion
The City supports affordable housing goals by providing approximately $350,000 to the Housing Rehabilitation program to provide low-interest loans and grants to low-income families for hous- ing alterations and repairs that correct code deficiencies to improve the health and safety of their homes. The City is also utilizing other State and Local funds to support the development of af- fordable housing through development throughout the City. The City will also use its State funded Tenant Based Rental Assistance (TBRA) Program Vouchers as well as the Housing Choice Voucher Program to provide subsidized and affordable housing to Fairfield residents.

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AP-60 Public Housing – 91.220(h)
Introduction
The Fairfield Housing Authority administers the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program (HCV), Project-Based Vouchers, and Tenant-Based Rental Assistance. In January 2022, HUD allo- cated $10,000,000 to the Fairfield Housing Authority for Housing Assistance Payments (HAP). The funding from HUD supports monthly rental assistance of up to 882 households for affordable, safe, decent, and sanitary housing. This includes the allocation for VASH vouchers which are des- ignated for homeless veteran assistance
Actions planned during the next year to address the needs to public housing This section is not applicable as the City of Fairfield does not have public housing.

Actions to encourage public housing residents to become more involved in management and participate in homeownership
This section is not applicable; the Fairfield Housing Authority does not own or operate any public housing units.

If the PHA is designated as troubled, describe the manner in which financial assistance will be provided or other assistance
The Fairfield Housing Authority is not designated as troubled

Discussion
The City of Fairfield Housing Authority is a division of the Housing Services Department, adminis- tering the CDBG Program. Both programs report to the same Department Director. Due to the City's proximity to the Housing Authority, communication is typically direct and immediate, which results in excellent intergovernmental cooperation.

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AP-65 Homeless and Other Special Needs Activities – 91.220(i) Introduction
The City of Fairfield has seen rapid and troubling growth in chronic and newly homeless individ- uals over the past several years. This is a difficult condition to addre ss given the high cost of housing and property in the area and the shortage of emergency, transitional, and affordable housing available in the county to serve the population.

The Fairfield City Council adopted a comprehensive Homeless Strategy to address homelessness.

The plan includes nationally recognized programs and policies proven to reduce homelessness.

A major component of the strategy is to conduct collaborative outreach to homeless individuals and families and connect them to appropriate resources. The City of Fairfield partners with local service organizations and the County in responding to issues of homelessness and poverty; in- cluding the provision of funding and site assistance, public outreach and education, policy devel- opment and strategic planning, and coordination and collaboration. The City is also actively in- volved in the local Continuum of Care, Housing First Solano, and encourages using the HMIS sys- tem as a data collection tool for service delivery and funding prioritization. The City is attempting to expand outreach by encouraging partnerships with other service agencies and faith-based or- ganizations not currently involved with the local Continuum of Care.

Describe the jurisdictions one-year goals and actions for reducing and ending ho melessness including
Reaching out to homeless persons (especially unsheltered persons) and assessing their individ- ual needs
The City of Fairfield has created a Homeless Services Division, which allows the City to closely coordinate efforts with various City departments and develops best practices and public policy.

It also allows guiding participation in ongoing regional planning activities, coordinating activities, and planning for service providers, stakeholders, and affected citizens. Working closely with stakeholders allows the Homeless Services Division to ensure an efficient and effective system offering everyone access to shelter, food, housing, and other basic needs.

The Fairfield Police Department increased the Homeless Intervention Team (HIT) staffing from two to four full-time police officers and a social worker. The HIT Team works with the HIMIS and county-wide coordinated entry system to better collaborate on available resources and triage based on immediate need. The HIT Team conducts regular regional outreach efforts in partner- ship with area law enforcement, social services, mental health, healthcare, shelter services, ani- mal care, and crisis intervention teams to contact the homeless where they are and connect them to resources.

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to house homeless individuals and families. This collaboration allows establishing regio nal rela- tionships with alcohol and drug dependency clinics and other service providers for transitional housing needs.

The City will continue to work with other cities in the county to expand the countywide Coordi- nated Entry System and implement the homeless strategy. The City will continue to work with local service providers to create opportunities for emergency shelter, the conversion of emer- gency shelter to a navigation center, and programs and services that help prevent and perma- nently reduce homelessness.

The Homeless Services Division and HIT Team have created relationships with policymakers on a local, county, state, and federal level to best access resources and affect policy. City departments regularly convene meetings with state and local elected officials to share concerns regarding the effects of chronic homelessness, including seniors and veterans, and seek assistance in accessing funding and resources to serve the homeless population better.

Helping homeless persons (especially chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth) make the transition to permanent housing and independent living, including shortening the period of time that indi- viduals and families experience homelessness, facilitating access for homeless individuals and families to affordable housing units, and preventing individuals and families who were recently homeless from becoming homeless again
Along with the City of Fairfield, many agencies in and near Fairfield provide assistance to help homeless persons transition to permanent housing and independent living. The City assists low - income individuals, and families avoid homelessness through several city-supported programs, including HOME and CalHOME programs, CDBG housing rehabilitation, VASH Vouchers, and the Housing Choice Voucher program.

The Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (TBRA) Program, funded through HOME funds, allows home- less families to secure temporary housing for up to 24 months. After 24 months on the program and completing identified program milestones, individuals may qualify to receive a preference on the City’s Housing Choice Voucher Program. This final step helps them secure permanent housing.

Helping low-income individuals and families avoid becoming homeless, especially extremely low-income individuals and families and those who are: being discharged from publicly funded institutions and systems of care (such as health care facilities, mental health facilities, foster care and other youth facilities, and corrections programs and institutions); or, receiving assis- tance from public or private agencies that address housing, health, social services, employ- ment, education, or youth needs
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150

VASH Voucher, and The Housing Choice Voucher Program.

Discussion
The City of Fairfield collaborates with a wide array of local partners, community agencies, and stakeholders to address the needs of unsheltered residents. Homeless Services understands that the way home for every homeless individual is unique to their background and continues to iden- tify opportunities to build on the full continuum of services needed to reduce homelessness per- manently.

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AP-75 Barriers to affordable housing – 91.220(j)
Introduction:

The City of Fairfield continuously reviews its policies, Zoning Ordinance and development regu- lations to reduce barriers to affordable housing. During the past five years, the City adopted a California-certified Housing Element, a major Specific Plan for development in northeastern Fair- field (Train Station Specific Plan), and a Specific Plan to encourage new development and rede- velopment in downtown Fairfield and the West Texas Street corridor (Heart of Fairfield Plan) – both downtown Fairfield and the West Texas Street corridor are within the NRSA. The City also amended its Zoning Ordinance to permit boarding houses, allow for temporary emergency shel- ters at local churches, facilitate construction of accessory dwelling units assisted living (senior) housing, encourage development in downtown Fairfield, and comply with State building code and energy code mandates.

The City is currently reviewing its Housing Element and General Plan and anticipates that a new plan will be completed Late 2022/ early 2023.

Actions it planned to remove or ameliorate the negative effects of public policies that serve as barriers to affordable housing such as land use controls, tax policies affecting land, zoning or- dinances, building codes, fees and charges, growth limitations, and policies affecting the return on residential investment
 In Fiscal Year 2022-2023, key actions completed or planned (will) include(d):
 Using State LEAP and SB2 funds, identify public infrastructure needs that might serve as barriers to new housing in Downtown Fairfield.  Using State LEAP and SB2 funds, develop design prototypes for infill housing in Downtown Fairfield.
 Work with PG&E to develop a plan for the relocation of the existing substation, freeing the site for new housing development and removing a potential aesthetic and functional barrier to housing on adjoining blocks.
 Working with property owners, complete an analysis of rezoning on properties ad- jacent to the Fairfield Transportation Center that would permit the construction of new mixed-use development, including housing.
 Ongoing review and, as needed, amendments to the adopted Heart of Fairfield Zoning Ordinance to further facilitate housing development in downtown Fairfield through flexible zoning requirements related to building design, parking, building height, and mixed-use development.
 Active marketing of the multiple Agency-controlled properties in downtown and on North Texas Street to development teams interested in providing both market rate and affordable housing.
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152

Accountability Act pertaining to project completeness and conformance with Gen- eral Plan and Zoning Ordinance requirements.
 Implement the adopted Zoning Ordinance Amendment that brought the City into full conformance with the 2019 State of California legislation targeting Accessory Dwelling Units.
 Adopt and implement an amendment to the City’s Density Bonus Ordinance to bring the City into conformance with State law and provide additional incentives and flexibility for affordable and special needs housing in the City.  Continued outreach and coordination with the Fairfield-Suisun School District, Travis Unified School District, and the Fairfield-Suisun Sewer District to address de- velopment impact fees associated with accessory dwelling units.  Completion of the development fee study for the Heart of F airfield Plan Area to clarify needed infrastructure investments and identify opportunities for fee reduc- tions.
 Complete the comprehensive City of Fairfield General Plan Update, the first com- prehensive update to the General Plan since 2002. Facilitating hou sing in Fairfield will be a key part of this General Plan Update.
 Completion of development review for projects in northeastern Fairfield, including new development in the Train Station Specific Plan Area.  Undertake and complete a Housing Element Update in conjunction with the Gen- eral Plan Update, for the 2022-2030 Housing Element Cycle.  Participation in Regional planning efforts (Plan Bay Area 2050).  Implement the City’s new SB743 VMT (Vehicle Miles Traveled) standards for envi- ronmental review of transportation impacts. This will potentially facilitate the de- velopment and redevelopment of infill housing in central Fairfield.  Implement the City’s new Zoning Ordinance regulations for boarding housings and transitional housing.
 Implement the City’s adopted Temporary Emergency Shelter program permitting rotating, temporary shelters to be provided by local churches.

Discussion:

The City of Fairfield is committed to reducing barriers to the creation of housing that is affordable for its residents.

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AP-85 Other Actions – 91.220(k)
Introduction:

The City of Fairfield uses many strategies to address the affordable housing, enforcement of building codes, homeless, and community development needs identified in the Consolidated Plan. This section provides an overview of the City's ongoing activities and planned future actions to address:
 obstacles to meeting underserved needs
 foster and maintain affordable housing
 reduce lead-based paint hazards
 reduce the number of poverty-level families
 develop institutional structure
 enhance coordination between housing providers and social service agencies.

Actions planned to address obstacles to meeting underserved needs A shortage of funding for affordable housing, homeless services, and community development activities is the primary obstacle to meeting underserved needs in Fairfield. The City of Fairfield actively pursues federal, state, local, and private funding sources to address underserved needs. It will continue exploring new and existing funding sources during the planning period and subsequent years.

Actions planned to foster and maintain affordable housing  Continue to partner with local and regional housing developers to entitle and complete new affordable housing options for the Citizens of Fairfield  Provide fee deferrals.
 Provide Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers to low-income households through the Fair- field Housing Authority
 Efforts to ensure that City zoning regulations and other policies support the development of affordable and special needs housing, including Accessory Dwelling Units  Monitor properties with affordability restrictions to determine when restrictions are set to expire and work with property owners to maintain affordability  Encourage the development of second dwelling units as another source of affordable hous- ing, especially for senior citizens and individuals
 Provide fee credits for affordable housing developers  Provide first-time homebuyer down payment assistance
Actions planned to reduce lead-based paint hazards
The City has developed a Lead-Based Paint Implementation Plan (LBP Plan) that describes the actions to be taken and the responsibility for compliance with lead-based paint abatement regu- lations (24 CFR 35 and Title X of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992) under each of its existing affordable housing programs. The City will continue to ensure that any homes Packet Page 1240 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 153 of 156

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constructed prior to 1978 which are assisted through the City’s Homeowner Housing Rehabilita- tion Program will follow lead-based paint abatement requirements.

Actions planned to reduce the number of poverty-level families Fairfield's ongoing economic development efforts help to stimulate economic expansion and job growth, potentially providing employment opportunities that will serve as a means for local lower-income households to earn incomes sufficient to overcome poverty.

In addition, to reduce poverty, the City of Fairfield utilized CARES ACT funding (CDBG -CV3) to fund an eviction prevention program that consists of assistance with payment of past due rents, housing counseling, and Legal Services. The City plans to continue to include some level of evic- tion prevention annually as part of the COVID-19 recovery activities.

On an ongoing basis, the City of Fairfield addresses poverty more broadly through City programs and cooperation with other governmental agencies and local service organizations. The City's af- fordable housing policies discussed in the Consolidated Plan assist in providing affordable hous- ing to lower-income households. Affordable housing is a necessary first step in overcoming pov- erty for many households with poverty-level incomes. Most households experiencing high hous- ing cost burden, overcrowding, or other unstable living environments are often unable to take steps to overcome poverty without first securing suitable affordable housing.

Actions planned to develop institutional structure
Work in conjunction with the Fairfield Housing Authority. The City of Fairfield Housing Services Department will continue to work closely with the Fairfield Housing Authorit y to ensure quality housing for all low-income City residents. The working relationship between these organizations is strong and facilitative. The Housing Authority is a division of the Housing Services Department; therefore, communication is typically direct and immediate. As a result, gaps in program or ser- vice delivery are typically not the result of poor institutional structure or lack of intergovernmen- tal cooperation but rather due to shortcomings in available resources.

Participate on the Board of the Homeless Continuum of Care. The City shall continue its active participation in the Solano County Continuum of Care, which serves a critical role in coordinating services between public agencies, affordable housing providers, and social service agencies. Rep- resentatives from the City of Fairfield City Manager’s Office and Fairfield Police Department plan to continue to serve on the Continuum of Care Governing Board to further these efforts.

Participate in Regional Steering Committee on Homelessness and Housing. The Homeless Ser- vices Division will continue to attend the Homeless Continuums of Care (CoCs) regional meeting for the Bay Area, working with the other CoCs to end homelessness and increase the affordable housing stock to people with incomes from 0-30% AMI.

Coordinate with Nonprofits and Service Providers. The City of Fairfield will continue to engage in ongoing internal coordination with other agencies to address affordable housing, homelessness, Packet Page 1241 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 154 of 156

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and community development needs in the City. It will continue this coordination during the 2022-23 program year.

Actions planned to enhance coordination between public and private housing and social ser- vice agencies
The Housing Services Department will work closely with other City departments and the community to develop programs and activities that improve Fairfield's low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. The administration of program activities includes housing, public facility and infrastructure improvements, public and social service activities, and economic development activities. Moreover, the City collaborates with public agencies, for-profit agencies, faith-based organizations, and non-profit organizations to lever- age the identified programs and services.

In addition, on an ongoing basis, the City of Fairfield works with affordable housing developers to con- struct and manage affordable housing in the City and with County agencies and non-profit service provid- ers to provide social services to residents. The City will continue to support these entities to achieve af- fordable housing, homeless services, and community development goals during the program year and subsequent years.

Discussion:

As part of the City of Fairfield's ongoing efforts to address the housing and neighborhood revitalization needs of the community, the City has been and will continue to explore additional/alternative funding sources.

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Program Specific Requirements
AP-90 Program Specific Requirements – 91.220(l)(1,2,4)
Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG)
Reference 24 CFR 91.220(l)(1)
Projects planned with all CDBG funds expected to be available during the year are identified in the Projects Table. The following identifies program income that is available for use that is included in projects to be carried out.

1. The total amount of program income that will have been received before the start of the next program year and that has not yet been reprogrammed 0 2. The amount of proceeds from section 108 loan guarantees that will be used during the year to address the priority needs and specific objectives identified in the grantee's strategic plan
0 3. The amount of surplus funds from urban renewal settlements 0

4. The amount of any grant funds returned to the line of credit for which the planned use has not been included in a prior statement or plan. 0 5. The amount of income from float-funded activities 0 Total Program Income 0

Other CDBG Requirements

1. The amount of urgent need activities 0

Appendix - Alternate/Local Data Sources

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Fairfield City CouncilJuly 5, 2022

Fairfield City Council
July 5, 2022