Agenda, first session — Fairfield City Council, July 5, 2022 (part 1 of 6)

For individuals with hearing or speaking limitations, dial 711 or (800) 7352922 (English). For Spanish, Tagalog or other language, please dial (800) 8553000 and provide the communication assistant with the following City telephone number: (707) 3994010.

Pursuant to AB 361 regarding public meetings held during the COVID19 emergency, councilmembers may attend via teleconference. Members of the public can observe the meeting on Comcast Cable Channel 26, ATT UVerse 99 and webstreamed live at www.youtube.com/user/FFCATV/live . The public may join the meeting via Zoom at https://fairfieldca.zoom.us/j/89382923350?pwd=RmRPRWdlYWlpaDRYVjYvOEhuMUNnZz09 or via phone (408) 6380968, Webinar ID: 893 8292 3350, Passcode: 31984886 CALL TO ORDER 6:00 PM
ROLL CALL
Councilmember Pam Bertani
Councilmember Cat Moy
Councilmember Doriss Panduro
Councilmember Chuck Timm
Councilmember Scott Tonnesen
ViceMayor Rick Vaccaro
Mayor Harry Price
INVOCATION Worship Pastor Rayshaun Trotter, LOGIC Ministries PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
COUNCIL REPORTS
CITY MANAGER REPORT
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PRESENTATIONS

1.Proclamation Declaring July as Parks & Recreation Month Presented by Scott Tonnesen Contact:Kristina Chamberlin, (707) 4287470
a

2.Proclamation for Paul Farmer's 32 Years of Service Presented by Catherine Moy Contact:Karen Rees, (707) 428 7767
a

3.Solano County Juvenile Probation Programs
Contact:Deanna Cantrell, (707) 4287374
a

4.Marketing & Outreach Division (MOD) Public Engagement Contact:Bill Way, (707) 4287611
a
PUBLIC COMMENTS
PUBLIC COMMENTS
Persons wishing to address the City Council on subjects not on the agenda but within the jurisdiction of the council may do so at this time. The council cannot discuss or take action on matters not on the agenda for this meeting, but councilmembers may briefly respond to statements made or questions raised by the public, ask for clarification from staff, refer the matter to staff, request staff to report back to the council at a subsequent meeting, or place the matter on a future agenda. To speak on an agenda item please use the “raise your hand” feature or press *9 on your phone. Speakers are limited to three minutes per item.

CONVENE MEETING OF THE PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING

DISTRICT
PVMMD NEW BUSINESS

5.Resolution PVMMD202201 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board Approving an Updated Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund Study; and Resolution PVMMD202202 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board Granting Preliminary Approval of Fiscal Year 20222023 Budget, Declaring Intention to Order Levy and Collection of Assessments for Fiscal Year 20222023, and Providing for Notice of a Hearing Thereon for the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Recommended Action
Adopt resolutions.

Funding Source
N/A
Ryan Panganiban, (707) 4287017
a
RECONVENE MEETING OF THE CITY COUNCIL
CONSENT CALENDAR
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6.Resolution No. 2022147 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the City of Fairfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice Resolution No. 2022148 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the Amendments to the City of Fairfield Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program Citizen Participation Plan (CPP)
Recommended Action
Adopt resolutions.

Funding Source
N/A
Contact:LaTanya Terrones, (707) 4287454
a

7.Resolution 2022149 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting the Subdivision Improvements for the Estaire Subdivision
Recommended Action
Adopt resolution.

Funding Source
N/A
Contact:Roger Dunham, (707) 4287478
a

8.Resolution 2022150 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting the Subdivision Improvements for the Koros Subdivision as Complete; and Resolution 2022151 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting the Landscape Improvements for the Koros Subdivision as Complete
Recommended Action
Adopt resolutions.

Funding Source
N/A
Contact:Roger Dunham, (707) 4287478
a

9.Resolution 2022 152 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving Amendment No. 1 to the Consultant Services Agreement Between the City of Fairfield and Koff & Associates Recommended Action
Adopt resolution.

Funding Source
$100,000; General Fund
Contact:Angela Broaddus, (707) 4287396
a

10.Continued Resolution 2022132 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Authorizing the City Manager to Execute a Four (4) Year Lease Agreement with PNC Equipment, LLC Finance for Replacement of Golf Carts at Rancho Solano and Paradise Valley Golf Courses Recommended Action
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CITY OF FAIRFIELDFAIRFIELD CITY COUNCILREGULAR CONCURRENT MEETINGTUESDAY, JULY 5, 2022; 6:00 PMCOUNCIL CHAMBER, 1000 WEBSTER STREET, FAIRFIELD,CA 94533AGENDANotice to PublicThe City of Fairfield is committed to providing meeting facilities that areaccessible to persons with disabilities and/or have language barriers. To requestmeeting materials in alternative formats, or to request a sign languageinterpreter, realtime captioning, or other accommodation, please contact theCity Clerk's Office, at least 72 hours in advance of the meeting at (707) 4287400.For individuals with hearing or speaking limitations, dial 711 or (800) 7352922(English). For Spanish, Tagalog or other language, please dial (800) 8553000and provide the communication assistant with the following City telephonenumber: (707) 3994010.Pursuant to AB 361 regarding public meetings held during the COVID19 emergency,councilmembers may attend via teleconference. Members of the public can observe the meeting onComcast Cable Channel 26, ATT UVerse 99 and webstreamed live at www.youtube.com/user/FFCATV/live . The public may join the meeting via Zoom at https://fairfieldca.zoom.us/j/89382923350?pwd=RmRPRWdlYWlpaDRYVjYvOEhuMUNnZz09 or viaphone (408) 6380968, Webinar ID: 893 8292 3350, Passcode: 31984886CALL TO ORDER 6:00 PMROLL CALLCouncilmember Pam Bertani Councilmember Cat MoyCouncilmember Doriss PanduroCouncilmemberChuck TimmCouncilmember Scott Tonnesen ViceMayor Rick VaccaroMayor Harry PriceINVOCATION Worship Pastor Rayshaun Trotter, LOGIC MinistriesPLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCECOUNCIL REPORTSCITY MANAGER REPORTCITY ATTORNEY REPORTCITY CLERK REPORTPRESENTATIONS1.Proclamation Declaring July as Parks & Recreation Month Presented by Scott TonnesenContact:Kristina Chamberlin, (707) 4287470a2.Proclamation for Paul Farmer's 32 Years of Service Presented by Catherine MoyContact:Karen Rees, (707) 428 7767a3.Solano County Juvenile Probation ProgramsContact:Deanna Cantrell, (707) 4287374a4.Marketing & Outreach Division (MOD) Public EngagementContact:Bill Way, (707) 4287611aPUBLIC COMMENTS PUBLIC COMMENTSPersons wishing to address the City Council on subjects not on the agenda but within the jurisdictionof the council may do so at this time. The council cannot discuss or take action on matters not on theagenda for this meeting, but councilmembers may briefly respond to statements made or questionsraised by the public, ask for clarification from staff, refer the matter to staff, request staff to report backto the council at a subsequent meeting, or place the matter on a future agenda. To speak on anagenda item please use the “raise your hand” feature or press *9 on your phone. Speakers arelimited to three minutes per item.CONVENE MEETING OF THE PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORINGDISTRICTPVMMD NEW BUSINESS5.Resolution PVMMD202201 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District BoardApproving an Updated Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund Study; andResolution PVMMD202202 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District BoardGranting Preliminary Approval of Fiscal Year 20222023 Budget, Declaring Intention to OrderLevy and Collection of Assessments for Fiscal Year 20222023, and Providing for Notice of aHearing Thereon for the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring DistrictRecommended ActionAdopt resolutions.Funding SourceN/ARyan Panganiban, (707) 4287017aRECONVENE MEETING OF THE CITY COUNCILCONSENT CALENDARAll matters listed on the Consent Calendar are to be approved with one motion unless a member ofthe City Council or the public requests that separate action be taken on a specific item.6.Resolution No. 2022147 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the City ofFairfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing ChoiceResolution No. 2022148 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the Amendmentsto the City of Fairfield Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program CitizenParticipation Plan (CPP)Recommended ActionAdopt resolutions.Funding SourceN/AContact:LaTanya Terrones, (707) 4287454a7.Resolution 2022149 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting the SubdivisionImprovements for the Estaire SubdivisionRecommended ActionAdopt resolution. Funding SourceN/AContact:Roger Dunham, (707) 4287478a8.Resolution 2022150 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting the SubdivisionImprovements for the Koros Subdivision as Complete; and Resolution 2022151 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting the LandscapeImprovements for the Koros Subdivision as CompleteRecommended ActionAdopt resolutions.Funding SourceN/AContact:Roger Dunham, (707) 4287478a9.Resolution 2022 152 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving Amendment No. 1 tothe Consultant Services Agreement Between the City of Fairfield and Koff & AssociatesRecommended ActionAdopt resolution.Funding Source$100,000; General FundContact:Angela Broaddus, (707) 4287396a10.Continued Resolution 2022132 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Authorizing the CityManager to Execute a Four (4) Year Lease Agreement with PNC Equipment, LLC Finance for Replacement of Golf Carts at Rancho Solano and Paradise Valley Golf Courses Recommended Action
Adopt resolution.

Funding Source
$287,430; Golf Course Enterprise Fund
Contact:Kristina Chamberlin, (707) 4287470
a
NEW BUSINESS

11.Minute Action Approving Mayor’s Appointments to the Poet Laureate, Youth Commission, and Planning Commission
Recommended Action
Approve appointments. Perform oath of office.

Funding Source
N/A
Contact:Esther Beavers, (707) 4287400
a

12.Resolution 2022153 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Adopting a Successor Memorandum of Understanding between the City and the Fairfield Fire Managers' Association Recommended Action
Adopt resolution.

Funding Source
$609,781; General Fund
Contact:Farbod Pirouzmand, (707) 4287397
a

13.Resolution 2022154 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Adopting a Successor Memorandum of Understanding between the City and the Fairfield Professional Firefighters' Association
Recommended Action
Adopt resolution.

Funding Source
$3,306,206; General Fund
Contact:Farbod Pirouzmand, (707) 4287397
a

14.Resolution 2022155 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Adopting a Successor Memorandum of Understanding Between the City and the Fairfield PartTime Employees’ Association
Recommended Action
Adopt resolution.

Funding Source
$155,562; $117,460, General Fund; $38,102, Enterprise and Internal Service Funds Contact:Farbod Pirouzmand, (707) 4287397
a

15.Discussion Regarding Landscape and Lighting Maintenance District No. 12 and Fiscal Year 20222023 Projected Budget
Recommended Action
Open discussion.

Funding Source
Packet Page 4 of 1243

CITY OF FAIRFIELDFAIRFIELD CITY COUNCILREGULAR CONCURRENT MEETINGTUESDAY, JULY 5, 2022; 6:00 PMCOUNCIL CHAMBER, 1000 WEBSTER STREET, FAIRFIELD,CA 94533AGENDANotice to PublicThe City of Fairfield is committed to providing meeting facilities that areaccessible to persons with disabilities and/or have language barriers. To requestmeeting materials in alternative formats, or to request a sign languageinterpreter, realtime captioning, or other accommodation, please contact theCity Clerk's Office, at least 72 hours in advance of the meeting at (707) 4287400.For individuals with hearing or speaking limitations, dial 711 or (800) 7352922(English). For Spanish, Tagalog or other language, please dial (800) 8553000and provide the communication assistant with the following City telephonenumber: (707) 3994010.Pursuant to AB 361 regarding public meetings held during the COVID19 emergency,councilmembers may attend via teleconference. Members of the public can observe the meeting onComcast Cable Channel 26, ATT UVerse 99 and webstreamed live at www.youtube.com/user/FFCATV/live . The public may join the meeting via Zoom at https://fairfieldca.zoom.us/j/89382923350?pwd=RmRPRWdlYWlpaDRYVjYvOEhuMUNnZz09 or viaphone (408) 6380968, Webinar ID: 893 8292 3350, Passcode: 31984886CALL TO ORDER 6:00 PMROLL CALLCouncilmember Pam Bertani Councilmember Cat MoyCouncilmember Doriss PanduroCouncilmemberChuck TimmCouncilmember Scott Tonnesen ViceMayor Rick VaccaroMayor Harry PriceINVOCATION Worship Pastor Rayshaun Trotter, LOGIC MinistriesPLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCECOUNCIL REPORTSCITY MANAGER REPORTCITY ATTORNEY REPORTCITY CLERK REPORTPRESENTATIONS1.Proclamation Declaring July as Parks & Recreation Month Presented by Scott TonnesenContact:Kristina Chamberlin, (707) 4287470a2.Proclamation for Paul Farmer's 32 Years of Service Presented by Catherine MoyContact:Karen Rees, (707) 428 7767a3.Solano County Juvenile Probation ProgramsContact:Deanna Cantrell, (707) 4287374a4.Marketing & Outreach Division (MOD) Public EngagementContact:Bill Way, (707) 4287611aPUBLIC COMMENTS PUBLIC COMMENTSPersons wishing to address the City Council on subjects not on the agenda but within the jurisdictionof the council may do so at this time. The council cannot discuss or take action on matters not on theagenda for this meeting, but councilmembers may briefly respond to statements made or questionsraised by the public, ask for clarification from staff, refer the matter to staff, request staff to report backto the council at a subsequent meeting, or place the matter on a future agenda. To speak on anagenda item please use the “raise your hand” feature or press *9 on your phone. Speakers arelimited to three minutes per item.CONVENE MEETING OF THE PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORINGDISTRICTPVMMD NEW BUSINESS5.Resolution PVMMD202201 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District BoardApproving an Updated Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund Study; andResolution PVMMD202202 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District BoardGranting Preliminary Approval of Fiscal Year 20222023 Budget, Declaring Intention to OrderLevy and Collection of Assessments for Fiscal Year 20222023, and Providing for Notice of aHearing Thereon for the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring DistrictRecommended ActionAdopt resolutions.Funding SourceN/ARyan Panganiban, (707) 4287017aRECONVENE MEETING OF THE CITY COUNCILCONSENT CALENDARAll matters listed on the Consent Calendar are to be approved with one motion unless a member ofthe City Council or the public requests that separate action be taken on a specific item.6.Resolution No. 2022147 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the City ofFairfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing ChoiceResolution No. 2022148 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the Amendmentsto the City of Fairfield Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program CitizenParticipation Plan (CPP)Recommended ActionAdopt resolutions.Funding SourceN/AContact:LaTanya Terrones, (707) 4287454a7.Resolution 2022149 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting the SubdivisionImprovements for the Estaire SubdivisionRecommended ActionAdopt resolution. Funding SourceN/AContact:Roger Dunham, (707) 4287478a8.Resolution 2022150 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting the SubdivisionImprovements for the Koros Subdivision as Complete; and Resolution 2022151 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting the LandscapeImprovements for the Koros Subdivision as CompleteRecommended ActionAdopt resolutions.Funding SourceN/AContact:Roger Dunham, (707) 4287478a9.Resolution 2022 152 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving Amendment No. 1 tothe Consultant Services Agreement Between the City of Fairfield and Koff & AssociatesRecommended ActionAdopt resolution.Funding Source$100,000; General FundContact:Angela Broaddus, (707) 4287396a10.Continued Resolution 2022132 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Authorizing the CityManager to Execute a Four (4) Year Lease Agreement with PNC Equipment, LLC Finance forReplacement of Golf Carts at Rancho Solano and Paradise Valley Golf CoursesRecommended ActionAdopt resolution.Funding Source$287,430; Golf Course Enterprise FundContact:Kristina Chamberlin, (707) 4287470aNEW BUSINESS11.Minute Action Approving Mayor’s Appointments to the Poet Laureate, Youth Commission, andPlanning CommissionRecommended ActionApprove appointments. Perform oath of office.Funding SourceN/AContact:Esther Beavers, (707) 4287400a12.Resolution 2022153 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Adopting a SuccessorMemorandum of Understanding between the City and the Fairfield Fire Managers' AssociationRecommended ActionAdopt resolution.Funding Source$609,781; General FundContact:Farbod Pirouzmand, (707) 4287397a13.Resolution 2022154 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Adopting a SuccessorMemorandum of Understanding between the City and the Fairfield Professional Firefighters'AssociationRecommended ActionAdopt resolution.Funding Source$3,306,206; General FundContact:Farbod Pirouzmand, (707) 4287397a14.Resolution 2022155 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Adopting a SuccessorMemorandum of Understanding Between the City and the Fairfield PartTime Employees’AssociationRecommended ActionAdopt resolution.Funding Source$155,562; $117,460, General Fund; $38,102, Enterprise and Internal Service FundsContact:Farbod Pirouzmand, (707) 4287397a15.Discussion Regarding Landscape and Lighting Maintenance District No. 12 and Fiscal Year20222023 Projected BudgetRecommended Action Open discussion.

Funding Source
N/A
Contact:Chris Lewis, (707) 4287089
a

16.Resolutions 2022156 to 2022171 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Granting Preliminary Approval of Fiscal Year 20222023 Engineer’s Reports, Declaring Intention to Order the Levy and Collection of Assessments, and Providing Notice of a Hearing for Landscaping and Lighting Maintenance Districts No. 1 – Gateway, No. 3 – Waterman Highlands, No. 5 – Smith Ranch, No. 6 – Peppertree, No. 7 – Rolling Hills, No. 8 – Kolob Estates, No. 10 – Southbrook, No. 11 – Paradise Valley North, No. 12 – Downtown Business District, No. 13 – North Cordelia, No. 14 – Woodlake, No. 15 – Gold Ridge, No. 16 – Creekside at Cordelia, No. 17 – ChadbourneBeckCordelia, No. 18 – Gold Ridge Park, and No. 19 – Corporate Commons
Recommended Action
Adopt resolutions.

Funding Source
$173,760; General Fund
Contact:Chris Lewis, (707) 4287089
a
PUBLIC HEARINGS

17.Hold a Public Hearing and Adopt Resolution 2022172 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Authorizing the City Manager to Submit the CDBG FiveYear Consolidated Plan for Fiscal Year 202227 to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and Allowing the City Manager Authorization to Execute the Funding Agreements with the CDBG Subrecipients for Fiscal Year 202223
Recommended Action
Hold public hearing and adopt resolution.

Funding Source
N/A
Contact:LaTanya Terrones, (707) 4287454
a
ADJOURN TO TUESDAY, JULY 19, 2022, 6:00 P.M., COUNCIL CHAMBER.

Any disclosable public records related to an open session item on a regular meeting agenda and distributed by the City of Fairfield to all or a majority of the Fairfield City Council less than 72 hours prior to that meeting are available for public inspection at City Hall, in the 4th floor lobby, 1000 Webster Street, Fairfield, California during normal business hours.

PUBLIC NOTIFICATION
I, Esther Beavers, Deputy City Clerk, do hereby certify that I have caused a true copy of the above notice and agenda to be delivered to each of the members of the Fairfield City Council, at the time and in the manner prescribed by law and that this agenda was posted at City Hall, 1000 Webster Street, Fairfield, California on June 29, 2022.

Packet Page 5 of 1243

Agenda Item No: 5.

AGENDA REPORT
DATE:July 5, 2022
TO:The Chair and Members of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD) Board
FROM:David Gassaway, Interim PVMMD Manager
SUBJECT:Resolution PVMMD202201 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board Approving an Updated Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund Study; and
Resolution PVMMD202202 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board Granting Preliminary Approval of Fiscal Year 20222023 Budget, Declaring Intention to Order Levy and Collection of Assessments for Fiscal Year 20222023, and Providing for Notice of a Hearing Thereon for the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District RECOMMENDED ACTION
Adopt resolutions.

STATEMENT OF ISSUE
In 2020, the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD or District) Board directed staff to evaluate the District’s Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and 2018 Reserve Fund Study. The purpose of the evaluation is to determine an appropriate reserve fund goal and assessment amount to levy based on the past geologic and operational history of the District’s existence. The first proposed resolution adopts the updated Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund Study. The second resolution grants preliminary approval of the fiscal year (FY) 20222023 budget for PVMMD for the levy and collection of assessments, sets a date for the public hearing, and provides notice.

DISCUSSION
In 2010, the City formed this special geologic hazard abatement district (GHAD), in accordance with Division 17 of the California Public Resource Code (PRC), to provide a funding source for the prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of geologic hazards in the Paradise Valley areas known as “I,” “K,” and “L,” located north of Manual Campos Parkway and east of Interstate 80. Pursuant to Section 26570 and 26573 of the PRC, the District is a political subdivision of the state distinctly separate from the City of Fairfield and therefore requires an independent governing board. The City Council was appointed as the District’s board of directors (Board) by Resolution 2010188.

On December 7, 2021, the Board authorized a professional services agreement with ENGEO Incorporated (ENGEO) to update the District’s technical reports.

ENGEO’s scope of work included:

Completing a condition assessment of the current District facilities Providing recommendations for an appropriate operations and maintenance budget for FY 20222023 Packet Page 6 of 1243

ENGEO’s scope of work included:

Completing a condition assessment of the current District facilities Providing recommendations for an appropriate operations and maintenance budget for FY 20222023 Preparing a reserve fund study to determine if the District has accumulated an adequate reserve fund balance
Updated Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund Study In July 2010, the PVMMD Board approved the Plan of Control and Engineer’s Report, adopting Resolution 2010211. The Plan of Control provides directs PVMMD to perform monitoring, preventive maintenance, and as repairs as necessary. At the time the Plan of Control was adopted, the construction of Area “I” (The Ridge at Paradise Valley Estates) and Area “L” (Paradise Valley 360 subdivision) were not complete. Updates from the 2010 version include the asbuilt conditions for these two areas. The new Plan of Control also reflects the present nature and scope of the District’s services.

Within the District boundary, there are currently 237 parcels. New for FY 20222023 is the assessment levy for Area “I” (APN: 0167080220), which brings the total residential units to 288. The updated Plan of Control further describes the ownership, funding sources, and maintenance responsibility for the property and improvements within the PVMMD boundary. The final copy of the updated Plan of Control is included as an attachment.

New for FY 20222023, the Engineer’s Report includes a reevaluation of the special benefit analysis. As depicted in Table 1 below, there is a change from the 2010 Engineer’s Report for parcels at the PVMMDowned slopes. These residential units receive a slope instability mitigation special benefit beyond what is received by other units within PVMMD. These maximum assessment rates are adjusted annually for inflation based on the San FranciscoOaklandSan Jose Consumers Price Index for All Urban Consumers. The Board may levy an assessment at or below the maximum assessment rate in any given year without Proposition 218 proceedings.

Table 1 – Maximum Assessment for FY 20222023
Development
Area
Development
Name Residential 'Product Type'
FY2022/2023
Assessment
(Maximum)
Number of
Residential
Units
I The Ridge Villas Apartments $146 30
I The Ridge Villas Apartments (Slope)$470 20
I The Ridge Cottages $182 14
I The Ridge Cottages (Slope)$474 6
K Estates SingleFamily Residences $357 124
K Estates SingleFamily Residences (Slope)$1,282 26
L Paradise 360 SingleFamily Residences $182 58
L Paradise 360 SingleFamily Residences (Slope)$520 10
The updated Reserve Fund Study forecasts expenses that can reasonably be expected in the decades ahead and confirms that sufficient funds are being set aside in PVMMD’s reserve. Based on the current performance of the drainage infrastructure installed to mitigate geotechnical hazards and the buildout densities for Area ‘I’ and ‘L,’ ENGEO estimates that an appropriate longterm reserve is approximately $1,570,000 (in 2022 dollars).

This is a decrease from the $1,700,000 estimate in 2018.

Preliminary approval of the FY 20222023 proposed assessment levy Staff proposes that the FY 20222023 assessment levy be significantly reduced to cover the operations and maintenance costs only. Because an appropriate reserve level has been reached, this assessment would fund administration, maintenance, and monitoring functions. The PVMMDmaintained improvements and Plan of Control responsibilities were a requirement to allow for the development of Areas “I,” “K,” and “L”; therefore, the maintenance and repair of these improvements and lands are a special benefit to all residential parcels within the District.

Table 2 – Proposed levy for FY 20222023
Development
Area
Development
Name Residential 'Product Type'
FY2022/2023
Assessment
(O&M)
Number of
Residential
Units
I The Ridge Villas Apartments $139 30
I The Ridge Cottages $143 14
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Agenda Item No: 5.AGENDA REPORTDATE:July 5, 2022 TO:The Chair and Members of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District(PVMMD) BoardFROM:David Gassaway, Interim PVMMD ManagerSUBJECT:Resolution PVMMD202201 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring DistrictBoard Approving an Updated Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund Study;andResolution PVMMD202202 of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring DistrictBoard Granting Preliminary Approval of Fiscal Year 20222023 Budget, Declaring Intention toOrder Levy and Collection of Assessments for Fiscal Year 20222023, and Providing forNotice of a Hearing Thereon for the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring DistrictRECOMMENDED ACTIONAdopt resolutions.STATEMENT OF ISSUEIn 2020, the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD or District) Board directed staff toevaluate the District’s Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and 2018 Reserve Fund Study. The purpose of theevaluation is to determine an appropriate reserve fund goal and assessment amount to levy based on the pastgeologic and operational history of the District’s existence. The first proposed resolution adopts the updatedPlan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund Study. The second resolution grants preliminary approvalof the fiscal year (FY) 20222023 budget for PVMMD for the levy and collection of assessments, sets a date forthe public hearing, and provides notice.DISCUSSIONIn 2010, the City formed this special geologic hazard abatement district (GHAD), in accordance with Division17 of the California Public Resource Code (PRC), to provide a funding source for the prevention, mitigation,abatement, or control of geologic hazards in the Paradise Valley areas known as “I,” “K,” and “L,” located northof Manual Campos Parkway and east of Interstate 80. Pursuant to Section 26570 and 26573 of the PRC, theDistrict is a political subdivision of the state distinctly separate from the City of Fairfield and therefore requiresan independent governing board. The City Council was appointed as the District’s board of directors (Board) byResolution 2010188.On December 7, 2021, the Board authorized a professional services agreement with ENGEO Incorporated(ENGEO) to update the District’s technical reports.ENGEO’s scope of work included:Completing a condition assessment of the current District facilitiesProviding recommendations for an appropriate operations and maintenance budget for FY 20222023Preparing a reserve fund study to determine if the District has accumulated an adequate reserve fundbalanceUpdated Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund StudyIn July 2010, the PVMMD Board approved the Plan of Control and Engineer’s Report, adopting Resolution2010211. The Plan of Control provides directs PVMMD to perform monitoring, preventive maintenance, and asrepairs as necessary. At the time the Plan of Control was adopted, the construction of Area “I” (The Ridge atParadise Valley Estates) and Area “L” (Paradise Valley 360 subdivision) were not complete. Updates from the2010 version include the asbuilt conditions for these two areas. The new Plan of Control also reflects thepresent nature and scope of the District’s services.Within the District boundary, there are currently 237 parcels. New for FY 20222023 is the assessment levy forArea “I” (APN: 0167080220), which brings the total residential units to 288. The updated Plan of Control furtherdescribes the ownership, funding sources, and maintenance responsibility for the property and improvementswithin the PVMMD boundary. The final copy of the updated Plan of Control is included as an attachment. New for FY 20222023, the Engineer’s Report includes a reevaluation of the special benefit analysis. Asdepicted in Table 1 below, there is a change from the 2010 Engineer’s Report for parcels at the PVMMDownedslopes. These residential units receive a slope instability mitigation special benefit beyond what is received byother units within PVMMD. These maximum assessment rates are adjusted annually for inflation based on theSan FranciscoOaklandSan Jose Consumers Price Index for All Urban Consumers. The Board may levy anassessment at or below the maximum assessment rate in any given year without Proposition 218 proceedings.Table 1 – Maximum Assessment for FY 20222023DevelopmentAreaDevelopmentNameResidential 'Product Type'FY2022/2023Assessment(Maximum)Number ofResidentialUnitsIThe Ridge Villas Apartments $146 30IThe Ridge Villas Apartments (Slope)$470 20IThe Ridge Cottages $182 14IThe Ridge Cottages (Slope)$474 6KEstatesSingleFamily Residences $357 124KEstatesSingleFamily Residences (Slope)$1,282 26LParadise 360 SingleFamily Residences $182 58LParadise 360 SingleFamily Residences (Slope)$520 10The updated Reserve Fund Study forecasts expenses that can reasonably be expected in the decades aheadand confirms that sufficient funds are being set aside in PVMMD’s reserve. Based on the current performanceof the drainage infrastructure installed to mitigate geotechnical hazards and the buildout densities for Area ‘I’and ‘L,’ ENGEO estimates that an appropriate longterm reserve is approximately $1,570,000 (in 2022 dollars).This is a decrease from the $1,700,000 estimate in 2018. Preliminary approval of the FY 20222023 proposed assessment levyStaff proposes that the FY 20222023 assessment levy be significantly reduced to cover the operations andmaintenance costs only. Because an appropriate reserve level has been reached, this assessment would fundadministration, maintenance, and monitoring functions. The PVMMDmaintained improvements and Plan ofControl responsibilities were a requirement to allow for the development of Areas “I,” “K,” and “L”; therefore, themaintenance and repair of these improvements and lands are a special benefit to all residential parcels withinthe District.Table 2 – Proposed levy for FY 20222023DevelopmentAreaDevelopmentNameResidential 'Product Type'FY2022/2023Assessment(O&M)Number ofResidentialUnits I The Ridge Villas Apartments $139 30
I The Ridge Cottages $143 14
K Estates SingleFamily Residences (Low Density)$340 124 L Paradise 360 SingleFamily Residences (Medium Density)$173 58 Table 3 FY 20182019 to FY 20222023
Development
Area
Development
Name
Annual Assessment Levy
FY (18/19)FY (19/20)FY (20/21)FY (21/22)FY (22/23)
K Estates $1,110.11 $1,158.95 $1,158.95 $878.00 $340.00 L Paradise 360 $554.81 $579.22 $579.22 $439.00 $173.00
Table 3 compares the annual assessments for the past five years. This year is the first time an assessment is being levied on the Area ‘I’ parcel; therefore it’s not included in the table.

The preliminary approval of the FY 20222023 budget and providing notice of a public hearing is the first step in the annual process of levying assessments. The public hearing is scheduled for 6:00 p.m. on Tuesday, July 19, 2022.

FINANCIAL IMPACT
The proposed revenue for this district is $77,574, including assessments of $72,574 and interest/market gains in the amount of $5,000.

PUBLIC CONTACT/ADVISORY BODY RECOMMENDATION
N/A
ALTERNATIVE ACTION
If the Board has any questions regarding the adoption of this resolution, this item may be rescheduled until the next Board meeting to allow staff to provide the necessary background information. However, not approving this resolution may prevent the district from collecting assessments for the 20222023 tax year.

STAFF CONTACT
Ryan Panganiban
(707) 4287017
[email protected]
COORDINATED WITH
City Attorney's Office
ATTACHMENTS:

Description
Attachment 1: Proposed Resolution updated technical documents Attachment 2: Exhibit A Plan of Control
Attachment 3: Exhibit B Engineer's Report
Attachment 4: Exhibit C Reserve Fund Study
Attachment 5: Proposed Resolution FY 20222023 Budget Attachment 6: Proposed FY 20222023 Budget and Assessments by Parcel REVIEWERS:

Reviewer Action Date
Kaushal, Paul Approved 6/20/2022 7:49 PM
Beavers, Esther Approved 6/20/2022 8:18 PM
Beavers, Esther Approved 6/20/2022 8:19 PM
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PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT

RESOLUTION NO. PVMMD 2022-01

RESOLUTION OF THE PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT BOARD APPROVING AN UPDATED PLAN OF CONTROL, ENGINEER’S REPORT, AND RESERVE FUND STUDY

WHEREAS, on July 6, 2010, the City of Fairfield City Council adopted Resolution 2010 -188, approving and ordering the formation of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD), a Geologic Hazard Abatement District (GHAD) within the meaning of California Public Resources Code (PRC) Division 17, and appointing itself as the board of directors of the PVMMD (PVMMD Board). This formation was described in the Petition for Formation and in the PVMMD Plan of Control; and

WHEREAS, in December 2020, the PVMMD executed a professional services agreement with ENGEO Incorporated to conduct a comprehensive evaluation and update the original Plan of Control, Engineer’s Report, and Reserve Fund Study; and

WHEREAS, in order to pay for the cost and expenses of maintaining and operating the Improvements for the GHAD as described in the updated Plan of Control (Exhibit A) pursuant to PRC sections 26500 et seq., it will be necessary to provide a reliable source of funding; and

WHEREAS, an updated Engineer's Report has been prepared by a registered professional engineer certified in the State of California, in compliance with PRC section 26651 (a) and section4 (b) of Article XIII (D) of the California Constitution. The updated Engineer's Report (Exhibit B) sets for the purpose of the GHAD, the estimated budget, the total assessment, the proposed estimate to be levied against each parcel within such territory, and a description of the method used in formulating the estimated assessments; and

WHEREAS, the GHAD Board has reviewed the updated Plan of Control dated June 2022, updated Engineer's Report dated June 2022, and Reserve Fund Study dated June 2022 (Exhibit C).

NOW, THEREFORE, THE BOARD OF THE PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT HEREBY RESOLVES:

Section 1. The updated Plan of Control, Engineer's Report, and Reserve Fund Study and for the PVMMD, Fairfield, California is hereby approved and thereafter shall be filed with the GHAD clerk.

Section 2. The district manager is authorized to make administrative revisions to the Plan of Control, Engineer's Report, and Reserve Fund Study.

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RES. NO. PVMMD 2022-01

Page 2 ends

Section 3. The PVMMD Board has reviewed and considered the Engineer's Report. The special benefit derived from the GHAD by each parcel is proportionate to the entire cost of the GHAD, and the amount of the assessment is proportional to, and no greater than, the benefits conferred on each parcel. The assessment does not exceed the reasonable cost of the proportional special benefit conferred on each parcel.

PASSED AND ADOPTED this 5th day of July, 2022, by the following vote:

STATE OF CALIFORNIA
COUNTY OF SOLANO ss.

CITY OF FAIRFIELD

I, Karen Rees, Board Clerk of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District in the County of Solano, State of California do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2022-01 was regularly adopted by the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board at a regular meeting of said board held on the 5th day of July, 2022, by the following vote:

AYES: BOARDMEMBERS: PRICE / BERTANI / MOY / PANDURO / TIMM / TONNESEN / VACCARO

NOES: BOARDMEMBERS:

ABSENT: BOARDMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: BOARDMEMBERS:

CHAIR
ATTEST:

BOARD CLERK
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Copyright © 2022 by ENGEO Incorporated. This document
may not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means
whatsoever, nor may it be quoted or excerpted without the express written consent of ENGEO Incorporated.

PARADISE VALLEY GEOLOGIC HAZARD ABATEMENT DISTRICT
(GHAD)

REVISED PLAN OF CONTROL

FOR PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT (PVMMD)

FAIRFIELD, CALIFORNIA

SUBMITTED TO
PVMMD Board of Directors
1000 Webster Street
Fairfield, CA 94533

PREPARED BY
ENGEO Incorporated

May 31, 2022

PROJECT NO.
5698.002.021

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 AUTHORITY AND SCOPE .................................................................................. 1

1.1 PROPERTY IDENTIFICATION ....................................................................................... 1

2.0 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................... 2

2.1 AREAS “I”, “K”, “L”, AND OPEN SPACE PARCELS ........................................................ 2

2.2 PVMMD-MAINTAINED IMPROVEMENTS AND OPEN SPACE ...................................... 2

3.0 SITE GEOLOGY .................................................................................................. 3

3.1 GEOLOGIC SETTING .................................................................................................... 3

4.0 GEOLOGIC HAZARDS ........................................................................................ 3

4.1 SLOPE INSTABILITY INCLUDING ROCK FALLS........................................................... 4

4.1.1 Seismically Induced Ground Shaking ................................................................. 5

4.1.2 Expansive Near-Surface Soil .............................................................................. 5

4.1.3 Erosion .............................................................................................................. 6

5.0 CRITERIA FOR PVMMD RESPONSIBILITY ....................................................... 6

5.1 ISOLATED OR REMOTE FEATURE REQUIRING MITIGATION .................................... 6

5.2 SINGLE PROPERTY ...................................................................................................... 6

5.3 GEOLOGIC HAZARDS RESULTING FROM NEGLIGENCE OF PROPERTY OWNER ......................................................................................................................... 6

5.4 DAMAGE DUE TO EXPANSIVE OR COMPRESSIBLE SOIL ....................................... 76

5.5 DAMAGE DUE TO SEISMICALLY INDUCED GROUND SHAKING ................................ 7

5.6 PROPERTY NOT ACCEPTED ....................................................................................... 7

5.7 PROPERTY NOT LOCATED WITHIN DISTRICT BOUNDARIES .................................... 7

5.8 GEOLOGIC HAZARD WHICH REQUIRES EXPENDITURE IN AMOUNT

EXCEEDING THE VALUE OF THE THREATENED OR DAMAGED
IMPROVEMENT ............................................................................................................. 7

5.9 PVMMD FUNDING OR REIMBURSEMENT FOR DAMAGED OR DESTROYED STRUCTURES OR SITE IMPROVEMENTS ................................................................. 87

5.10 NO REIMBURSEMENT OF EXPENSES INCURRED BY PROPERTY OWNERS ........... 8

5.11 RECONSIDERATION AND APPEAL PROCEDURES..................................................... 8

6.0 FUNDING AND ACCEPTANCE OF RESPONSIBILITIES BY THE PVMMD ...... 8

6.1 ACTIVATION OF ASSESSMENT ................................................................................... 8

6.2 RESPONSIBILITY FOR PVMMD ACTIVITIES ................................................................ 9

6.3 PVMMD-OWNED PARCELS .......................................................................................... 9

6.4 PROCESS FOR TRANSFERRING RESPONSIBILITY FOR PVMMD
ACTIVITIES .................................................................................................................... 9

7.0 PVMMD MONITORING, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR RESPONSIBILITIES 10

7.1 GEOTECHNICAL TECHNIQUES FOR MITIGATION OF LANDSLIDE AND EROSION HAZARDS ................................................................................................... 11

8.0 PRIORITY OF PVMMD EXPENDITURES.......................................................... 11

9.0 MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING SCHEDULE ........................................... 12

10.0 OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT .................................................................. 13 Packet Page 12 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 2 of 32

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11.0 RIGHT -OF-ACCESS .......................................................................................... 16

12.0 GLOSSARY ....................................................................................................... 17

SELECTED REFERENCES
APPENDIX A: FIGURES
APPENDIX B: EXHIBIT 1 – Plat to Accompany Legal Description EXHIBIT 2 – Legal Description Geologic Hazard Abatement District, Areas “I”, “K”, and “L”
APPENDIX C: Declaration of Disclosures, Right of Entry, and Restrictive Covenants Regarding Paradise Valley Monitoring and Maintenance District APPENDIX D: Sample Transfer Application Form

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1.0 AUTHORITY AND SCOPE

State law allows Geologic Hazard Abatement Districts (“GHADs”) to be formed to undertake emergency actions necessary or incidental to the prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of a geologic hazard (Public Resources Code § 26500, “GHAD Law”). GHAD Law gives local agencies the authority to form GHADs that can speedily address “an actual or threatened landslide, land subsidence, soil erosion, earthquake, or any other natural or unnatural movement of land or earth.” (Public Resources Code § 26507). Consistent with GHAD Law, on July 6, 2010, the Fairfield City Council adopted Resolution 2010-188 approving and forming the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (“PVMMD” or “District”), a GHAD within the meaning of Public Resources Code Division 17. This put into place a mechanism to respond to emergencies in preventing and/or responding to geologic hazards. In addition, Resolution 2010-188 appointed the members of the Fairfield City Council as the PVMMD Board of Directors as allowed under Public Resources Code § 26567. At the time of adoption of this Plan of Control, the Fairfield City Council consisted of seven members. During their terms as members of the Fairfield City Council, the councilmembers also serve as members of the GHAD Board of Directors with the City Mayor also serving as Chair and the Vice -Mayor serving as Vice-Chair.

PVMMD "improvements" (as defined in GHAD Law) and all PVMMD activities undertaken in furtherance of , or in connection therewith, are deemed to be specific actions necessary to prevent or mitigate an emergency within Public Resources C ode Section 21080(b)(4) (see Pub. Res.

Code Sections 26601 and 26505). Consistent therewith, all PVMMD Activities (as defined in Section 7 below) are exempt from review under the California Environmental Quality Act and are not subject to local permitting requirements.

Section 26509 of the Public Resources Code requires a Plan of Control, prepared by a State-Certified Engineering Geologist, as a prereq uisite to formation of a GHAD or annexation into an existing GHAD. Pursuant to Section 26509, this Plan of Control was prepared by an Engineering Geologist certified pursuant to Section 7822 of the Business and Professions Code and describes, in detail, the geologic hazards, their location, and the area affected by them. It also provides a plan for the prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control thereof.

As used in this Plan of Control, and as provided in Section 26507, “geologic hazard” means an actual or threatened landslide, land subsidence, soil erosion, earthquake, fault movement, or any other natural or unnatural movement of land or earth .

The PVMMD’s Plan of Control was adopted on July 20, 2010, with the adoption of Resolution 2010-211. The Plan of Control was adopted prior to the completion of construction of developments within Area “I” (The Ridge) and Area “L” (Paradise 360) as shown in Figure 1. The PVMMD now wishes to revise and update its Plan of Control to represent the as-built conditions that reflect the present nature and scope of its services.

1.1 PROPERTY IDENTIFICAT ION

The land within the PVMMD boundary (“PVMMD Area”) is shown on the GHAD Boundary Plat (Appendix B, Exhibit B). The legal description of the GHAD Area is included in Appendix B, Exhibit A.

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2.0 BACKGROUND

2.1 AREAS “I”, “K”, “L”, AND OPEN SPACE PARCELS

The PVMMD includes three development areas within Subdivision 417, Areas “I”, “L”, and “K” (“Development Area”) in addition to open space parcels. Table 1 summarizes residential development with the PVMMD.

TABLE 2.1-1: Development Areas

DEVELOPMENT
AREA

DEVELOPMENT
NAME

SINGLE-
FAMILY

RESIDENCES
(LOW

DENSITY)

SINGLE-
FAMILY

RESIDENCES
(MEDIUM

DENSITY)

COTTAGES
(MEDIUM

DENSITY)

APARTMENTS
(MEDIUM

DENSITY)
I The Ridge 20 50
K Estates 150
L Paradise 360 68

The three developments within the PVMMD include a total of 288 residences . Additional improvements and parcels include public and private streets, common-area parcels, PVMMD-owned parcels, bioretention areas, sedimentation basins, public trail, and storm drain system. The PVVMD is approximately 157.43 acres (“PVMMD Area”) in area with 92.27 acres of PVVMD-owned open space. As described in this Plan of Control, the PVMMD has responsibilities throughout the entire PVMMD Area and has additional responsibilities within the PVMMD-owned Parcels as described in Section 2.2 and shown on Figure 1.

2.2 PVMMD-MAINTAINED IMPROVEMENTS AND OPEN SPACE

As anticipated in the adopted 2010 Plan of Control, t itle to four parcels within the PVMMD has been conveyed to the PVMMD as identified on Table 2.2-1. The transfer of ownership was approved with the adoption of Resolution s 2016-01 and 2016-04 by the PVMMD Board on April 9, 2016 and October 18, 2016, respectively. These four parcels are collectively identified as the “PVMMD-owned Parcels” (Figure 1).

TABLE 2.2-1
ASSESSOR’S PARCEL

NUMBER (APN)
PARCEL
LABEL
AREA
(ACRES)
0167-080-050 51.66
0167-080-170 33.65
0167-080-210 E 6.02
0167-951-570 I 0.94

As the PVMMD-owned Parcels within the PVMMD Area are an amenity that benefits all the property owners within the Development Area, the funding of the maintenance of the open space will be shared by all current and future owners of residential parcels within the PVMMD.

Within the PVMMD-owned Parcels, the District has or will assume responsibilities that relate to its position as a PVMMD and duties as a responsible landowner. The PVMMD is charged with responsibilities that relate to the prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of geologic hazards, Packet Page 15 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 5 of 32

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which include the maintenance of drainage facilities and associated improvements. This will include the monitoring and maintenance of drainage facilities that, if subject to improper care, could result in decreased slope stability, a primary concern of the PVVMD.

Approval for the proposed grading and mitigation improvements for the GHAD -owned open space slopes above Area “I” would have been the responsibility of the City of Fairfield or its third-party reviewer as part of the City permitting process. The PVMMD -maintained improvements were accepted by the City of Fairfield as part of the acceptance of Areas “I”, “K”, and “L”.

The PVMMD will mitigate or abate landslide or erosion hazards that could directly affect improved, developed, and accepted properties (as defined in Section 6 ) within the PVMMD in accordance with Section 5. The PVMMD will also perform maintenance of water control and conveyance facilities and assume other peripherally related open -space responsibilities, such as vegetation management for fire suppression and selected other maintenance activities associated with the PVMMD-owned parcels. Additionally, the PVMMD shall have the right to approve any construction, maintenance, or repair in the PVMMD-owned Parcels that the PVMMD determines has the potential to impact geologic stability.

3.0 SITE GEOLOGY

Geology of the Subject Property was discussed in referenced reports prepared by Berlogar Geotechnical Consultants (BGC), Krazan and Associates (KA), and Cal Engineering and Geology (CEG). Information from these reports was used to prepare the summary in the Geologic Setting Section.

3.1 GEOLOGIC SETTING

The site is located within the Coast Ranges geologic province of California, a series of northwest-trending ridges and valleys. Bedrock in the province has been folded and faulted during regional uplift beginning in the Pliocene period, approximately 4 million years before p resent.

Regional geologic maps were reviewed as part of the Berlogar Geotechnical Consultants investigations of Paradise Valley Areas “I”, “K”, and “L.” Along with others, regional geologic maps of the area have been prepared by Majmundar (1987) and Graymer (2006). In general, the regional mapping prepared that the Subject Property is underlain by the Guinda formation of the Upper Cretaceous Great Valley Sequence. The Guinda formation consists of massive- to well-bedded sandstone. Regional mapping shows that bedrock units are generally striking in a north-south trend and dipping to the east in the area of the site.

The site is not located within a State of California Earthquake Faul t Zone for active faults (CDMG, 1982). The nearest mapped active fault is the Green Valley fault located approximately 9½ miles west of the site. Berlogar Geotechnical Consultants state that they did not find evidence of faults on or trending towards the site (Berlogar, 2006).

4.0 GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

The following geologic hazards were identified within the limit of the PVMMD in the referenced geotechnical exploration reports.

 Slope instability including rock falls
 Seismically induced ground shaking
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 Expansive near-surface soil
 Erosion

4.1 SLOPE INSTABILITY INCLUDING ROCK FALLS

Earth stability is the PVMMD’s primary geotechnical concern within the PVMMD. This is not unique to this District, but is of importance for hillside projects in the San Francisco Bay Area.

This section describes several types of slope instability that are within the PVMMD’s responsibility, subject to the provisions of Sections 6 and 7 . Landslides and areas of slope instability mapped within the PVMMD are shown on Figure 2.

Mass and remedial grading has been completed for the PVMMD-maintained improvements planned within the PVMMD as identified on Table 4.1-1. Landslides that did not have the potential to directly impact the proposed development were not mitigated, as it was considered neither practical nor desirable during development to remove all of the landslide hazards from the surrounding hillsides during mass grading.

TABLE 4.1-1

DEVELOPMENT GEOTECHNICAL

ENGINEER

PROJECT
NO.

TESTING AND

OBSERVATION

REPORT DATE

MASS GRADING
START
DATE

COMPLETION
DATE
Area “I”
(The Ridge Krazan and Associates
Area “K”
(Estates)
Berlogar Geotechnical
Consultants
Area “L”
(Paradise 360)
Stevens, Ferrone, and
Baily 155-70 12/5/05 10/5/16 1/25/18

In addition to the landslides mapped during the geotechnical explorations or geologic mapping completed for areas with the PVMMD, areas of slope instability or landsliding will likely be identified during the life of the development. Landslides are a common geologic phenomenon and are part of the process of mass wasting. Weathered or fractured bedrock and soil are transported downslope over geologic time as a result of gravitational and hydrostatic forces. A landslide is a deposit of soil and/or bedrock mo ving downward from its original position under the influence of gravity. Landslides include a variety of morphologies and are further defined by type of materials, wetness, and mode of movement. They can consist of mass movements of earth materials that are primarily intact and occur along discrete shear surfaces. These surfaces (shear or slip planes) can be rotational (conchoidal or concave), such as for earth slumps, or planar, as for translational earth slide or bedrock block slides. Most landslides are truly “complex landslides,” sliding, falling, and flowing with more than one type of movement and/or material.

Falls are an abrupt free -fall of earth materials off cliffs, steep cuts, or steep stream banks .

Boulders up to 3 feet in diameter were identifi ed in the CEG report prepared in 2021. Earthflows are mass movements of earth materials in which the type of movement is one of flowing. When composed of soil finer than gravel size, the flowing material is commonly called a mudflow. A debris flow/debris avalanche is composed of natural earth materials, artificial fill, and/or organic debris, which flow downslope with speed. Most of the material is transported away from the area of initial ground failure.

Slope failures are also often triggered by increase d pore water pressure due to the infiltration of rainwater. The resulting decrease of shear resistance (internal resistance to deformation by Packet Page 17 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 7 of 32

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shearing) can cause the slope to move. The level of groundwater table varies with the amount of rainfall for the area. If rainfall is higher than average during the winter season, the water table will become higher than average on a hillslope and groundwater pressures may become sufficiently high to initiate slope movement.

Within the PVMMD, sedimentation basins and deflection wall areas are the principal mitigation method used for areas between potentially unstable slopes and improvements. The debris catchment structures include sedimentation basins, debris berms, and runout areas. PVMMD maintenance of the areas will be critical to maintain adequate protection for the Site Improvements (as defined in Section 12.0). Maintenance and monitoring of these areas is described in Section

9. Potential mitigation and repair measures fo r PVMMD areas near development are discussed in Section 7.

Soil creep is the slow, often imperceptible, deformation of slope materials under low stress levels, which normally affects the shallow portion of the slopes, but can be deep seated where a weak zone of soil or bedrock exists. It results from gravitational and seepage forces, and may be indicative of conditions favorable for landsliding. Creep can be caused by wetting and drying of clays, by solution and crystallization of salts, by the growth of r oots, by burrowing animals, and by downslope movement of saturated ground. Colluvium refers to the mantle of soil and weathered bedrock debris that progresses down hillsides by creep.

The PVMMD shall also be concerned with erosion and sedimentation in open space or affecting developed lots or improvements. Erosion is defined as the process by which earth materials are loosened and removed by running water on or below the ground surface. Sedimentation is the depositing or settling of soil or rock particles from a state of suspension in a liquid.

Hilly terrain open space, either in a natural condition or particularly on excavated slopes , can be subject to erosion. Landslide deposits, which are sometimes in a loosened condition, are particularly prone to erosion. Earth-flow-, debris-flow- and mud-flow-type landslides typically have an area of deposition or accumulation (sedimentation area) at their base. Graded slopes in the PVMMD, particularly those in excess of 20 feet in vertical height or those not sufficiently vegetated, can be subject to erosion and , therefore, a source of transported sediment.

4.1.1 Seismically Induced Ground Shaking

An earthquake of moderate to high magnitude generated within the San Francisco Bay Region could cause considerable ground shaking , which could trigger slope movement within the proposed development area, similar to that which has occurred in the past.

4.1.2 Expansive Near-Surface Soil

Fine-grained, near-surface soil at the site could exhibit a low to moderate potential for expansion.

The potentially expansive soil could impact the planned site development. Expansive soil shrinks and swells as a result of moisture changes. This can cause heaving and cracking of slabs-on-grade, pavements, and structures founded on shallow foundations. The potential for expansive soil has been identified in the geotechnical report for the property. Shrink and swell of expansive soil on slopes are a portion of the mechanism of creep movement, which can result in shallow slope instability. Within the open space area, slope instability caused by expansive soil creep will be addressed by the PVMMD, subject to the exceptions in Section 5.0.

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4.1.3 Erosion

As identified in the BGC Debris Flow Hazard and Landslide Investigation (1999), sediment-laden runoff occurs from erosion of disturbed areas caused by the movement of debris flows and slumps within the upslope areas of the drainage swales. In general, it was note d that these areas revegetate within a year or two. Within the open-space area, erosion will be addressed by the PVMMD subject to the exceptions in Section 5.0.

5.0 CRITERIA FOR PVMMD RESPONSIBILITY

In forming the PVMMD and establishing the assessment levels and budgets for PVMMD Activities (as defined in Section 7 below) within the PVMMD, it is important to clearly define the limits of the PVMMD’s responsibilities. The PVMMD will accept responsibility for property as described in Section 6 of this Plan of Control; however, the intent of this Pl an of Control is not to extend the PVMMD’s responsibilities to every potential situation of instability; rather, the following are exclusions from PVMMD responsibility. The exclusions and limits in Section 5.0 are provided as guidelines for the GHAD Board of Director’s and GHAD Manager’s use. As stated in Public Resources Code § 26573, that the powers of a district are vested with the Board of Directors; therefore, as stated in Section 5.11 final decisions on the listed exclusions and limits will be made by the PVMMD Board of Directors.

5.1 ISOLATED OR REMOTE FEATURE REQUIRING MITIGATION

The District shall not have responsibility to monitor, abate, mitigate , or control slope instability that does not involve significant damage to or pose a significant threat to damage to Site Improvements.

5.2 SINGLE PROPERTY

The District will not prevent, mitigate, abate, or control geologic hazards which are limited in area to a single parcel of property unless the geologic hazard has significantly damaged or poses a significant threat of damage to Site Improvements located on other property within the PVMMD.

This exclusion does not apply to geologic hazards existing on (i) open space property owned by any homeowner’s associations or (ii) the PVMMD-owned parcels.

5.3 GEOLOGIC HAZARDS RESULTING FROM NEGLIGENCE OF PROPERTY OWNER

The PVMMD may, in the PVMMD Manager’s sole discretion, decline to prevent, mitigate, abate , or control geologic hazards which occurred or resulted from any negligence of the homeowner and/or the homeowner’s contractors, agents or employees in developing, investigating, grading, constructing, maintaining , or performing or not performing any post -development work on the subject property. In the event there is threatened or actual damage to an improvement outside the subject homeowner’s parcel, the PVMMD will mitigate such damage in accordance with this Plan of Control, and any resulting benefit to the subject h omeowner may be incidental. If the PVMMD bears expense as the result of negligence described in this section, the PVMMD may pursue reimbursement from the negligent parties.

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5.4 DAMAGE DUE TO EXPANSIVE OR COMPRESSIBLE SOIL

The PVMMD will not fund repairs or otherwise compensate for damage due to expansive or compressible soil except for damage resulting from landslides where the presence of expansive soil may be a contributing factor to the slide and as authorized by the PVMMD Board and subject to the availability of funds and the other restrictions included within this Plan of Control.

5.5 DAMAGE DUE TO SEISMICALLY INDUCED GROUND SHAKING

The PVVMD will not fund repairs or otherwise compensate for damage resulting from seismically induced ground shaking except for damage resulting from seismically induced landslides, as authorized by the PVVMD Board, and subject to the availability of funds and the other restrictions included within this Plan of Control.

5.6 PROPERTY NOT ACCEPTED

The PVMMD shall not have responsibility to repair damage, which is on a parcel of real property, which the PVMMD has not accepted in accordance with Section 6 below. The PVMMD, however, may monitor, abate, mitigate or control geologic or hydrogeologic hazards on a parcel of real property which the PVMMD has not accepted in accordance with Section 6 and is not excluded from PVMMD responsibility by Sections 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3, provided; however, that PVMMD responsibility on such parcel shall be limited to the extent necessary to address significant damage to or a significant threat of damage to Site Improvements which are within a parcel of real property which the PVMMD has accepted in accordance with Section 6. Should the PVMMD be required to respond to a geologic hazard outside the PVMMD, the PVMMD may take such actions as may be appropriate to recover costs incurred as a result of preventing, mitigating, abating, or controlling such geologic hazard from the responsible party, if any.

5.7 PROPERTY NOT LOCATED WITHIN DISTRICT BOUNDARIES

Except as provided in this paragraph, the District shall not prevent, mitigate, abate or control geologic hazards located on property that is not located within the District bo undaries. In the event, however, that all or any portion of a geologic hazard existing on property located outside the District boundaries has damaged or poses a significant risk of damage to site improvements located on property within the District bounda ries, the District may prevent, mitigate, abate, or control the geologic hazard. Any work conducted on property located outside of the District boundaries shall be strictly limited to that which, in the sole judgment of the District, is absolutely necessary to prevent, mitigate or control the damage, or threat of damage, to property located within the boundaries of the District. The District will obtain the necessary agreements from offsite property owners prior to the start of remedial work. Should the District be required to respond to a geologic hazard outside the boundaries of the District, the District may take such actions as may be appropriate to recover costs incurred as a result of preventing, mitigating, abating or controlling such geologic hazard from the responsible party, if any.

5.8 GEOLOGIC HAZARD WHICH REQUIRES EXPENDITURE IN AMOUNT

EXCEEDING THE VALUE OF THE THREATENED OR DAMAGED

IMPROVEMENT

The PVMMD may elect not to prevent, mitigate, abate, or control a geologic hazard where, in the PVMMD Manager's sole discretion, the anticipated expenditure required to be funded by the PVMMD to prevent, mitigate, abate, or control the geologic hazard will exceed the value of the structure(s) and Site Improvement(s) threatened with damage or loss.

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5.9 PVMMD FUNDING OR REIMBURSEME NT FOR DAMAGED OR DESTROYED

STRUCTURES OR SITE IMPROVEMENTS

In the event a residence or any other structure, Site Improvement, or landscaping is damaged or destroyed due to, or as a result of, a geologic hazard, the PVMMD may fund or reimburse the property owner for the expenses necessary to repair or replace the damaged or destroyed structure, Site Improvement or landscaping. Unless authorized by the Board of Directors, the dollar amount of the PVMMD funding or reimbursement is limited to a maximum of may not exceed ten percent (10%) of the costs incurred by the PVMMD in preventing, mitigating, abating, or controlling the geologic hazard responsible for the damage 1. In the event the geologic hazard damaged or destroyed a structure, Site Improvement, or landscaping which violated any provisions of the City Building Code or City Ordinance Code at the time of its installation or improvement, the PVMMD may decline to provide any funding or reimbursement to the property owner for repair or replacement of the damaged structure, Site Improvement, or landscaping.

5.10 NO REIMBURSEMENT OF EXPENSES INCURRED BY PROPERTY OWNERS

The PVMMD will not be obligated to reimburse a property owner for expenses incurred for the prevention, mitigation, abatemen t, or control of a geologic hazard absent a written agreement between the property owner and the PVMMD to that effect, which agreement has been executed prior to the property owner incurring said expenses and following an exploration conducted by the PVMMD.

5.11 RECONSIDERATION AND APPEAL PROCEDURES

A homeowner directly affected by a decision of the PVMMD Manager ("PVMMD Manager Decision") may request reconsiderationrequest reconsideration of that decision through the following procedures. The homeowner shall, within thirty (30) days from the date of a written PVMMD Manager Decision, file a written request with the PVMMD Manager, specifying the grounds for reconsideration, and the relief sought, including the owner’s special interest and injury. Within fifteen (15) days of receipt of the homeowner’s written request for reconsideration, the PVMMD Manager shall reconsider its decision and shall provide a copy of its written decision to the homeowner ("PVMMD Manager Reconsideration Decision"). The homeowner may appeal the PVMMD Manager Reconsideration Decision to the Board of Directors. This appeal must be filed with the PVMMD Manager within fifteen (15) days from the date of the PVMMD ManagerPVMMD Manager Reconsideration Decision. The appeal must include the specific grounds for the appeal and the homeowner’s requested relief on a form provided by the PVMMD Manager. The Board will make the final decision on the appeal. The PVMMD Manager will proceed based on the decision of the Board of Directors.

6.0 FUNDING AND ACCEPTANCE OF RESPONSIBILITIES BY THE
PVMMD

6.1 ACTIVATION OF ASSESSMENT

1 For example, if a landslide causes $10,000 in structural damage to each one of four neighboring homes for a total of $40,000 in structural damage and it costs the PVMMD $100,000 to design and install a new retaining wall to abate the slide, the PVMMD may only reimburse each property owner $2,500 of their $10,000 in structural damage.

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Funding for the PVMMD is accomplished through a supplemental assessment of the residential property owners within the boundaries of the PVMMD that derive benefits from its services.

Assessments for the PVMMD were first levied in the 2011/2012 fiscal year and are updated and approved annually by the PVMMD Board. For residences in Areas “K” and “L” the assessment was initially levied the first fiscal year after the City of Fairfield issued a certificate of occupancy for an individual residential unit. For residential units in Area “I”, the initial levy of an assessment will be in fiscal year 2022/2023 as residential construction has been completed and building permits have been issued for these properties .

6.2 RESPONSIBILITY FOR PVMMD ACTIVITIES

For the PVMMD-owned Parcels and Areas “K” and “L,” Plan of Control responsibilities have been transferred from the developer to the PVMMD.

For Area “I” the developer has the responsibility to perform all the PVMMD Activities on the property within the area of the final map. Such responsibility shall be eligible for transfer to the PVMMD after City of Fairfield acceptance of the subdivision improvements (“Transfer Eligibility Date”).

6.3 PVMMD-OWNED PARCELS

As anticipated in the adopted 2010 Plan of Control, t itle for four parcels within the PVMMD has been conveyed to the PVMMD. The transfer of the ownership was approved with the adoption of Resolutions 2016-01 and 2016-04 by the PVMMD Board on April 9, 2016 and October 18, 2016 respectively.

6.4 PROCESS FOR TRANSFERRING RESPONSIBILITY FOR PVMMD ACTIVITIES

After the Transfer Eligibility Date for one or more parcels, the process for transferring responsibility for performing PVMMD Activities on such Parcel(s) shall be as follows.

1. Up to one year in advance of the Transfer Eligibility Date or in any subsequent year, at its discretion, the Developer may apply to the PVMMD to transfer the responsibility for performing PVMMD Activities (as such term is defined in Section 7.0 below7.0 below) for such Parcel(s) to the PVMMD (“Transfer Application”). A sample Transfer Application form is included in Appendix D.

2. Within 30 days of receiving such Transfer Application, the PVMMD Manager shall verify that all the facilities for which the PVMMD will have maintenance responsibility have been approved, constructed, and maintained according to the City of Fairfield approved plans and specifications for the individual improvements, and that such improvements are operational and in good working order.

3. Within 15 days of such inspection, the PVMMD will send the Developer a list ("Punch list") of all of the items that need to be constructed, repaired , or otherwise modified in order to comply with the City-approved plans and specifications.

4. The Developer shall notify the PVMMD Manager when it has completed the items identified on the Punch list. Within 30 days of receipt of such notice, the PVMMD Manager shall verify that all Punch list items have been completed. PVMMD staff will then bring a resolution before the PVMMD Board of Directors for its consideration, approving PVMMD responsibility for performing all future PVMMD Activities on the parcel(s).

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As part of the transfer, the Developer of the area to be transferred will provide the PVMMD, for its use, copies of the applicable geotechnical exploration reports, as-built grading plans, as-built corrective grading plans, as-built improvement plans, as-built subdrain plans, and other pertinent documents as requested by the PVMMD.

The PVMMD is not responsible for maintaining the PVMMD-owned Parcels or any PVMMD Activities as defined in Section 7.0 until it accepts such responsibilities pursuant to this section.

The Developer will remain responsible for all PVMMD Activities until the PVMMD accepts responsibility pursuant to this section.

7.0 PVMMD MONITORING, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR

RESPONSIBILITIES

Several entities have ownership and maintenance duties of common space within the PVMMD, and Section 10.0 provides additional details . The PVMMD has monitoring and maintenance responsibilities for the following site facilities , improvements, and activities within the PVMMD (“PVMMD Activities”).

 General maintenance of the surface drainage improvements on PVMMD-owned and City- owned Parcels (APNs 0167-864-030, 0167-856-080, 0167-841-160, and 0167-951-560490).

The PVMMD is responsible for monitoring, maintenance, and repair of the concrete-lined drainage ditches, sedimentation basins, riprap-lined spillways, and storm drain inlets, outlets, and pipelines.
 Monitoring and maintenance of deflection walls.
 Monitoring and maintenance of measurement devices, such as piezometers, inclinometers, and tiltmeters, if installed in the future by the PVMMD.  Monitoring and repair of slopes and creek banks for erosion, landslide, and related slope instability.
 Maintenance of gravel-surfaced maintenance roads on PVMMD-owned parcels shown on Figure 1.
 Repair of gravel-surfaced maintenance roads on City-owned parcels (APNs 0167-864-030, 0167-856-080, 0167-841-160, and 0167-951-560) solely to the extent the maintenance roads are damaged by the use of PVMMD equipment on the roadways.  Maintenance of gates, fencing, and signage within the PVMMD-owned Parcels.  Vegetation control for fire suppression on PVMMD-owned Parcels.  General maintenance including litter and graffiti removal on PVMMD-owned Parcels.

The PVMMD’s sedimentation basin maintenance responsibilities include periodic inspections as described in Section 9.0, to check for accumulated sediment, the condition of inlets and outfalls, and vegetation. PVMMD maintenance and monitoring procedures will include:

 Inspection and repair of inlet and outfall structures  Stabilization and/or repair of eroded areas or failures on the embankments surrounding the basins
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 Pruneing/cutting of the vegetation within and surrounding the basin s  Remove sediment when measurements indicate that the basin capacity has been reduced by approximately 10 percent or more Sediment accumulation measurement and removal

Maintenance roads have been constructed to service structures in Sedimentation Basins “A”, “B”, “C-D”, and “I”. These roads will be approximately 10 feet wide with a geotextile fabric overlain by an 8-inch-thick layer of aggregate base. The maintenance roads are located on colluvium, alluvium, fan deposits or engineered fill, so it should be expected that periodic maintenance and repair of the roadways will be necessary.

7.1 GEOTECHNICAL TECHNIQ UES FOR MITIGATION OF LANDSLIDE AND

EROSION HAZARDS

The techniques that may be employed by the PVMMD to prevent, mitigate, abate, or control geologic hazards include, but are not limited to, the following.

 Removal of the unstable earth mass or exposed boulders  Stabilization (either partial or total) of the landslide by removal and replacement with compacted, drained fill
 Construction of structures to retain or divert landslide material or sediment  Construction of erosion control devices such as gabions, riprap, geotextiles, or lined ditches  Placement of drained engineered buttress fill
 Placement of subsurface drainage devices (e.g. underdrains or horizontal drilled dra ins)  Slope correction (e.g. gradient change, biotechnical stabilization, slope trimming or contouring)
 Construction of additional surface ditches and/or detention basins, sediment traps, or backfill or erosion channels
 Installation of erosion control materials including hydroseeding, straw bales, erosion control mats, straw rolls, silt fencing for conditions with shallow erosion or near-surface slope instability

Potential landslide and erosion hazards can often best be mitigated by controlling soil saturation and water runoff and by maintaining the surface and subsurface drainage system.

8.0 PRIORITY OF PVMMD EXPENDITURES

The PVMMD is responsible for responding to emergencies and completing scheduled repairs.

The PVMMD’s ability to respond, and the extent of the responsiveness, depends on the amount of the available funds and the parameters set forth in the PVMMD Board approved operating budget. The PVMMD is financed through a real property assessment and this assessment cannot be increased without a fa vorable vote of the residents within the PVMMD boundaries. When available funds are not sufficient to undertake all emergency and/or the identified remedial and preventive stabilization measures, the expenditures are to be prioritized as follows in descend ing order of priority.

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(A) Prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of geologic hazards that have either significantly damaged or pose a significant threat of damage to residences, critical underground utilities , or paved streets.
(B) Prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of geologic hazards which have either significantly damaged or pose a significant threat of damage to ancillary structures, including but not limited to water quality facilities, pools, cabanas or restroom buildings. (C) Prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of geologic hazards which have either significantly damaged or pose a significant threat of damage to open space amenities. (D) Prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of geologic hazards which have eithe r significantly damaged or pose a significant threat of damage limited to loss of l andscaping or other similar non-essential amenities.
(E) Prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of geologic hazards existing entirely on open-space property and which have neither significantly damaged nor pose a significant threat of damage to any Site Improvements.

In performing its duties as described above, the PVMMD may seek funding or reimbursements from public and private entities or agencies including, but not limited to, FEMA, City and County agencies, insurance companies, etc.

9.0 MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING SCHEDULE

Geologic features and PVMMD-maintained improvements defined in Section 7.0 shall be inspected by PVMMD Manager or PVMMD-assigned consultants as presented below. The site inspections shall be undertaken at appropriate intervals as determined by the PVMMD Manager using supporting documents prepared for the Project and the Site Improvements. The PVMMD budget should provide for two or more inspections in years of heavy rainfall. Generally, the inspections should take place in October, prior to the first significant rainfall; mid -winter as necessary during heavy rainfall years; and in early April at the end of the rainy season. The frequency of the inspections should increase, depending upon the intensity and recurrence of rainfall.

Following are guidelines for a monitoring plan. The actual timing, scope, frequency and other details regarding such maintenance, inspection, and similar activities shall be at the discretion of the PVMMD Manager.

 A geologic reconnaissance of the slopes for indication s of erosion or slope failures should be carried out under the responsible charge of a State-licensed Professional Geotechnical Engineer or Professional Engineering Geologist.
 A State-licensed Professional Geotechnical Engineer and/or Professional Engineering Geologist should carry out an inspection of concrete-lined surface ditches. Repairs and maintenance, as needed, should be undertaken, including removal of excess silt or sediment in ditches and patching or replacement of cracked or broken ditches, prior to the beginning of the next rainy season.
 Debris catchment structures include debris walls and sedimentation basins. Inspection should include inlet and outlet structures, access roadways, embankments, and vegetation.

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vegetation and debris to allow the structures to maintain adequate function and catchment capacity.
 Subsurface drain outlets and pipes should be checked. Water flowing from these outlets should be measured and recorded during each inspection.  Piezometers to measure groundwater levels, or instruments such as inclinometers or tiltmeters measuring potential slope instability, should be monitored as recommended, if installed.
 Inlets, outfalls, and trash racks must be kept free of debris and spillways must be maintained.

Additionally, sedimentation basins should be inspected and maintained. Attention should be given to plantings or other obstructions which may interfere with access by power equipment.  Developer-constructed retaining walls should be inspected for evidence of distress, such as tilting and/or structural failure. Repairs and maintenance would be undertaken only in the event that the structural integrity of the wall has been compromised or if the wall distress poses a threat to the integrity of adjacent structures.  An annual inspection shall be made by a State-licensed Professional Geotechnical Engineer or Certified Engineering Geologist to assess the effectiveness of the preventive maintenance program and to make recommendations as to which landslide or erosion measures should be undertaken in the next fiscal year. Any appropriate site-specific study of landslide or erosion conditions shall be determined at that time. An annual inspection report to the PVMMD shall be prepared by the Professional Engineer or Certified Engineering Geologist.

10.0 OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

Ownership, funding sources, and maintenance responsibilities shall be as shown on the following Table 10.0-1.

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TABLE 10.0-1: PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT Maintenance, Funding, and Ownership Matrix

FACILITY/FUNCTION MAINTENANCE ENTITY FUNDING OWNERSHIP

1. Development Area (Areas “I”, “K”, and
“L”)
a. Area “I” – The Ridge Residential Units
(20 Cottages and 50 Apartments)
Northern California Retired Officers
Community (NCROC) NCROC NCROC
b. Area “K” Residential Units (150 Low
Density Single-family Residences) Private Private Private c. Area “L” Paradise 360 Residential Units
(68 Medium Density Residences) Private Private Private
d. Open Space Common Parcels including
amenities
(Area “L”, Paradise 360)
Homeowner’s Association (HOA) HOA Dues HOA
e. Common Area Parcels including streets
and amenities (Area “I”, The Ridge) NCROC NCROC NCROC
f. Streets within Area “L”, Paradise 360
(Private) HOA HOA Dues HOA
g. Paradise Valley Drive and Area “K”
Interior Streets (Public) City of Fairfield City of Fairfield City of Fairfield h. Lighting and Landscape Improvements –
Paradise Valley Drive, Champions Way,
and Paradise Valley Road
Landscape and Lighting
Maintenance District No. 11 (LLMD) LLMD Assessment City of Fairfield i. Storm Drain Improvements within Area
“I”, The Ridge HOA HOA Dues HOA
j. Storm Drain Improvements within Area
“L”, The Ridge NCROC NCROC NCROC
k. Storm Drain Improvements within Public
Right-of -Way City of Fairfield City of Fairfield City of Fairfield l. Parcel “B” (APNs 0167-841-160, 0167-
856-080, and 0167-864-030) and Parcel
“J” (APN 0167-951-560)

i. Lighting, landscaping, gravel-
surfaced maintenance road, trail
related use, and litter control
LLMD LLMD Assessment City of Fairfield
ii. Surface Drainage Improvements Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD) PVMMD Assessment City of Fairfield m. Area “I” – Trail Easement City of Fairfield City of Fairfield NCROC Packet Page 27 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 17 of 32

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FACILITY/FUNCTION MAINTENANCE ENTITY FUNDING OWNERSHIP
n. Parcel “D” (APN 0167-861-060) Private Private Private

2. PVMMD-Owned Parcels “E” in Subdivision 417 and APNs 0167-080-050, 0167-080-170, and 0167-951-570 (92.27 Acres Total) Plan of Control Defined Activities
a. Landslides, slope Stability, and Erosion
Control PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD
b. Gravel-surfaced Maintenance Roads PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD c. Irrigated Landscaping (APN 0167-080-
050) LLMDCity of Fairfield LLMDCity of Fairfield PVMMD
d. Sedimentation Basins “A”, “C-D”, and “I”
including raiser maintenance and
sediment removal.

PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD
e. Deflection Walls and associated berms
and riprap aprons PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD
f. Concrete-lined drainage ditches PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD g. Storm drain inlets, outfalls, and pipelines PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD h. Subdrains and Subdrain Outfalls PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD i. Vegetation Management for Fire
Suppression PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD
j. Gates and Fencing1 PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD
k. Litter Removal PVMMD PVMMD Assessment PVMMD
l. Maintenance roads, gates, fences,
reservoir, utilities and associated
improvements within Utilities Easement
(1982 OR 50441 and 81 SD 1)
Solano Irrigation District (SID) SID PVMMD (with easement in favor of SID)
1If shared property fence, the PVMMD may seek cost sharing with the adjacent property owner.

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11.0 RIGHT-OF-ACCESS

The PVMMD Board of Directors, officers, employees, consultants, contractors, agents, and representatives shall have the right to enter upon all lands within the PVMMD as shown on Appendix B for the purpose of performing the PVMMD Activities defined in this Plan of Control.

Such PVMMD Activities include, but are not limited to the inspection, maintenance and monitoring of those improvements listed in Section 7.0. Should the PVMMD need to access private residential lots to fulfill its duties under the Plan of Control, the PVMMD shall provide the affected landowner and/or resident with 72 hours advance notice unless, in the sole judgment of the PVMMD Manager , an emergency situation exists which makes immediate access necessary to protect the public health and safety, in which case no advance notice is required, but the PVMMD Manager shall inform the landowner and/or resident as soon as reasonably possible.

As feasible, the foregoing right-of -entry provision shall be recorded in the chain of title for all Project residential parcels and common area lots, and it shall be included in all Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions (CC&Rs) and homebuyer disclosure statements prepared for parcels within the PVMMD.

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12.0 GLOSSARY

Development Area – General area of residences, streets, and associated improvements.

Engineer’s Report – The document that establishes the individual property owners’ PVMMD assessment limit based on the projected expenses (budget) of the PVMMD.

Geologic Hazard – An actual or threatened landslide, land subsidence, soil erosion, earthquake, fault movement, or any other natural or unnatural movement of land or earth as defined in GHAD Law, Public Resource Code Section 26507).

Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD) Manager – An entity, preferably with a licensed Geotechnical Engineer, who will oversee the operations of the PVMMD, including preparation of PVMMD budgets. The PVMMD Manager is appointed by and reports to the PVMMD Board of Directors.

PVMMD Area – The parcels included within the limits of the plat and legal description .

PVMMD Activities – Improvements and responsibilities listed in Section 7.0 of this Plan of Control.

PVMMD-owned Parcels – Assessor’s Parcel Numbers 0167-080-050, 0167-080-170, and 0167- 080-210, and 0167-951-570 totaling 92.27 acres.

Site Improvements – Buildings, public and private roads, sidewalks, utilities, improved trails, gazebos, cabanas, geologic stabilization features, or similar improvements.

Transfer Application – A document completed by the developer and submitted to the PVVMD Manager to initiate the PVMMD transfer process.

Transfer Eligibility Date – A date specified in the Plan of Control where the developer is responsible for all PVMMD Plan of Control defined activities to allow for the accumulation of reserves prior to acceptance of PVMMD-maintained responsibilities.

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SELECTED REFERENCES

1. Berlogar Geotechnical Consultants, Remedial Grading Plans, North of and for Paradise Valley “K-2”, Sheets 1 through 12, Fairfield, California, dated July 18, 2001 with Revision dated October 24, 2001; Job No. 2396.003 .

2. Berlogar Geotechnical Consultants, Debris Flow Hazard and Landslide Investigation, Paradise Valley Areas “K -2”, Fairfield, California; December 3, 1999; Job No. 2396.100 .

3. Berlogar Geotechnical Consultants, Geotechnical Investigation, Paradise Valley Areas I and L, Fairfield, California, dated March 1, 2005; Job No. 2396.104.

4. Berlogar Geotechnical Consultants, Design -Level Geotechnical Investigation, Paradise Valley Areas I and L, Paradise Valley Drive, Fairfield, California, dated May 26, 2006; Job No. 2396.105.

5. Berlogar Geotechnical Consultants, Observation During Reconstruction, Debris Flow Mitigation Features, Paradise Valley Area K -2, Fairfield, California, dated March 6, 2008; Job No. 2396.302.

6. Carlson, Barbee and Gibson, Inc., Grading Plan, The Area “K” at Paradise Valley, City of Fairfield, Solano County, California, Sheets 1 through 10, May 2003; Job Number 1022-30.

7. Carlson, Barbee and Gibson, Inc., Improvement Plans, The Area “K” at Paradise Valley, City of Fairfield, Solano County, California, Sheets 1 through 19, May 2003; Job Number 1022-30.

8. Carlson, Barbee and Gibson, Inc., Civil Plans - “Record Drawings”, Area “I” and “L”, City of Fairfield, Solano County, California, Sheets 1 through 19, July 2012; Job Number 1022-040.

9. Carlson, Barbee and Gibson, Inc., Rough Grading and Retaining Wall Plans , “Final Record Drawings”, Paradise 360, City of Fairfield, Solano County, California, Sheets 1 through 26, March 27, 2018; Job Number 1022-051.

10. Cal Engineering and Geology, Preliminary Evaluation Report, Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District, February 26, 2021, CE&G Document No.: 200980-001.

11. ENGEO; Plan of Control for Paradise Valley Areas “I”, “K”, and “L” Geologic Maintenance and Monitoring District, Fairfield, California; July 22, 2010; Project No. 5698.100.101.

12. ENGEO; Open Space Management Plan, Paradise Valley, Fairfield, California; March 7, 2008; Project No. 5698.100.101.

13. ENGEO; Monitoring Report, Paradise Valley Geologic Maintenance and Monitoring District, Fairfield, California; March 26, 2018; Project No. 5698.002.000 .

14. ENGEO; Monitoring Report, Paradise Valley Geologic Maintenance and Monitoring District, Fairfield, California; September 25, 2018; Project No. 5698.002.000.

15. Fairfield, City of; Resolution 2008 -104, Resolution Approving the First Amendment to the Subdivision Improvement Agreement for Paradise Valley Area K and Accepting Subdivision Improvements for the Paradise Valley Area K Subdivision as Complete, May 20, 200 8.

16. Fairfield, City of; Resolution 2019 -225, Resolution of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Accepting Improvements for Paradise 360 Subdivision as Complete, October 1, 2019.

17. Fairfield, City of; Grant Deed of Easement for Open Space Trail Purposes f rom Northern California Retired Officers Community, Document 202000082132, July 16, 2020.

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SELECTED REFERENCES (Continued)

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18. Krazan and Associates, Inc.; Geotechnical Engineering Investigation Report, Proposed Paradise Valley Estates, 2600 Estates Drive, Fairfield, California, July 1, 2016 ; KA Project No. 032-160013.

19. Krazan and Associates, Inc.; Update to Geotechnical Engineering Investigation Report, Proposed Paradise Valley Estates, 2600 Estates Drive, Fairfield, California, September 11, 2017; KA Project No. 032-17020.

20. Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District; Resolution 2016 -01, Resolution of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board Authorizing the Acceptance of a Grant Deed from Arcadia Development for the Real Property Located in the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District, April 19, 2016.

21. Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District; Resolution 2016 -04, Resolution of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board Authorizing the Acceptance of a Grant Deed from Fairfield Residential Commons, LLC for Real Property Located in the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District, October 18, 2016.

22. Stevens, Ferrone, and Bailey Engineering Company, Inc.; Final Geotechnical and Geologic Grading Report, Paradise 360, Fairfield, California, February 27, 2018; SFB project No. 155 -

70. 23. Stevens, Ferrone, and Bailey Engineering Company, Inc.; Inspections for Retaining Wall Repairs, Paradise 360, Fairfield, California, April 29, 2020; SFB project No. 155 -70.

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APPENDIX A

FIGURE 1: Ownership Exhibit
FIGURE 2: Site Features and Geologic Map
FIGURE 3: Remedial Grading – Area I
FIGURE 4: Deflection Wall – Area K
FIGURE 5: Sedimentation Basins and Deflection
Wall – Area K
FIGURE 6: Mass Grading Subdrain “As-Built”
Plan – Paradise 360
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APPENDIX B

EXHIBIT 1
Plat to Accompany Legal Description

EXHIBIT 2

LEGAL DESCRIPTION
Geologic Hazard Abatement District, Areas “I”, “K”, and “L” Fairfield, California
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APPENDIX C

DECLARATION OF DISCLOSURES, RIGHT OF ENTRY AND

RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS REGARDING PARADISE

VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT

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RECORDING REQUESTED BY AND WHEN RECORDED RETURN TO:

Paradise Valley Monitoring and Maintenance District

Attn:

DECLARATION OF DISCLOSURES, RIGHT OF ENTRY AND RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS

REGARDING PARADISE VALLEY MONITORING AND MAINTENANCE DISTRICT

This Declaration of Disclosures, Right of Entry , and Restrictive Covenants Regarding Paradise Valley Monitoring and Maintenance District (the “Declaration”) is made this _____ day of _____________, 2022 (the “Effective Date”), by, ______, a ______ (“Declarant”).

RECITALS
A. Declarant is the owner of that certain real property located in the City of Fairfield, County of Solano, State of California, more particularly described as Subdivision ____, filed on _____________, 20____ in Book of Parcel Maps, at pages ______, all in the Official Records of Solano County, California (the “Property”).

B. The City of Fairfield approved a residential subdivision on the Property. A condition of approval for Subdivision ____ was that the Property be included within a GHAD, and to fulfil this condition, the property was included into the Paradise Valley Monitoring and Maintenance District (“PVMMD”).

C. Under the authority of California Public Resources Code section 26500, et seq., the Fairfield City Council on July 6, 2010, adopted Resolution 2010-188 forming and establishing the PVMMD to prevent, mitigate, abate or control potential geologic hazards within the boundaries of the PVMMD.

NOW, THEREFORE, Declarant, as the owner of the Property, for itself, its successors and assigns does hereby declare as follows:

1. Notification and Disclosure of PVMMD: The Declarant hereby gives notice and discloses that the Property is a part of the PVMMD. The Board of Directors of the Paradise Valley PVMMD are the members of the Fairfield City Council. Pursuant to the Plan of Control for the PVMMD as it may be amended from time to time (the “Plan of Control”), the Declarant and the PVMMD are afforded certain responsibilities and rights relating to the prevention, mitigation, abatement, and control of potential geologic hazards on the Property. The powers of the PVMMD include the power to assess lot owners within the Property for the purpo ses set out in the Plan of Control. An assessment was authorized by the PVMMD to be imposed on the Property pursuant to adopted Resolution 2010-274 on October 5, 2010.

2. Right of Entry: The Declarant by executing and recording this Declaration hereby contra ctually affords PVMMD, its officials, employees, contractors and agents an irrevocable right of entry with continuing and perpetual access to and across the Property for the purposes and responsibilities set out in the Plan of Control (“Access Rights”). Should the PVMMD need to access private residential lots to fulfill its duties under the Plan of Control, the PVMMD shall provide the affected landowner and/or resident with 72 hours advanced notice unless, in the reasonable judgment of the PVMMD Manager, an emergency situation exists which makes immediate access necessary to protect the public health and safety, in which case no advanced notice is required, but the Paradise Valley PVMMD shall inform the landowner Packet Page 36 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 26 of 32

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and/or resident as soon as reasonably possibl e. The Declarant hereby gives notice that the PVMMD will acquire Access Rights immediately upon the execution of this Declaration. The PVMMD, in its sole discretion, may elect not to exercise Access Rights until it accepts its maintenance responsibilities consistent with the Plan of Control.

3. PVMMD Easement: For those properties within the PVMMD that are not PVMMD-owned Parcels, the Declarant hereby grants the PVMMD a perpetual easement for the purposes and responsibilities set out in the Plan of Control and for maintaining certain site improvements as depicted in Exhibit B, and legally described in Exhibit A attached hereto, (the “PVMMD Easement”). Such activities include, but are not limited to: (a) the inspection, maintenance, monitoring, and replacement of site improvements including, drainage ditches, storm drains, outfalls, and pipelines; (b) the monitoring, maintenance, and repair of slopes, including repaired or partially repaired landslides; and (c) the management of erosion and geologic hazards within the open space areas shown in the Plan of Control. The PVMMD Easement shall become effective upon acceptance by the PVMMD of its responsibilities and rights, th e process by which is articulated in the Plan of Control. The PVMMD has no maintenance responsibilities whatsoever to the Declarant or Property until and unless the PVMMD accepts such responsibilities consistent with the Plan of Control.

4. Covenants Running with the Land: The Property shall be held, conveyed, hypothecated, encumbered, sold, leased, used, improved, and maintained subject to the limitations, covenants, conditions, restrictions, easements, rights of entry , and equitable servitude set forth in this Declaration, which are in furtherance of Declarant’s plan for the uniform improvement and operation of the Property. All of the limitations, covenants, conditions, restrictions, easements, rights of entry, and equitable servitudes set out in this Declaration shall both benefit and burden the Property and shall run with and be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Property and each parcel therein, and shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of each owner, and every person having or acquiri ng any right, title or interest in and to all or any portion of the Property and their successors and assigns. Upon Declarant’s conveyance of fee title to the Property, or any portion thereof, Declarant shall be released from any further liability or obligation hereunder related to the portion of the Property so conveyed, and the grantee of such conveyance shall be deemed to be the "Declarant,” with all rights and obligations related thereto, with respect to that portion of the Property conveyed.

5. Hold Harmless: Declarant, or its successors and assigns, shall hold harmless, protect , and indemnify PVMMD and its directors, officers, employees, agents, contractors, and representatives and the heirs, personal representatives, successors and assigns of each of them (collectively, “PVMMD Indemnified Parties”) from and against any and all liabilities, penalties, costs, losses, damages, expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and experts’ fees), causes of action, claims, demands, orders, l iens, or judgments (each a “Claim” and, collectively, “Claims”): (1) for injury to or the death of any person, or physical damage to any property, related to or occurring on or about the PVMMD Easement to the extent arising from the negligence or intention al misconduct of Declarant, its employees, agents or contractors; or (2) related the existence of the PVMMD Easement, exclusive of any Claims brought by Declarant.

6. Enforcement: The PVMMD shall have the right but not the obligation to enforce the provisions of this Declaration.

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7. Modification or Termination: This Declaration shall not be modified, amended, or terminated without the written consent of the PVMMD.

Executed as of the Effective Date.

Declarant: _______

By:

Its: _________________________________

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CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE

This is to certify that the interest in real property conveyed to the Paradise Valley Geologic Hazard Abatement District by the foregoing document titled “Declaration of Disclosures, Right of Entry and Restrictive Covenants”, which is dated _______________, 20____ and executed by ______________, is hereby accepted by the undersigned pursuant to authority conferred by Resolution No. ____-____, dated _______________, 20____. The City of Fairfield, as grantee, consents to recordation of said “Declaration of Disclosures, Right of Entry and Restrictiv e Covenants”.

_______________________
Date:

PVMMD Manager

Attest:

_______________________
PVMMD Clerk

Approved as to form:

_______________________
PVMMD Attorney
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APPENDIX D

SAMPLE TRANSFER APPLICATION FORM

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TRANSFER APPLICATION, PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND

MONITORING DISTRICT (PVMMD)
Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors c/o Paradise Valley PVMMD Manager
1000 Webster Street
Fairfield, CA 94533

As of ____________, 20__, ______ is submitting an application for transfer of PVMMD activities as provided in Section 6.0 of the PVMMD Plan of Control dated ______, 2022. As specified in Section

6.0,______ is submitting this Transfer Application to transfer the responsibility for performing PVMMD activities for the listed parcels to the District. Within 30 days of the submittal of the Transmittal Application, the PVMMD will monitor the listed parcels and verify that the facilities that the PVMMD will have maintenance responsibility have been constructed and maintained in accordance with the conditions of Section 6.4 of the Plan of Control. Within 15 days of inspection, the PVMMD will send ______ a punch list of all items that need to be constructed, repaired, or otherwise modified in compliance with the City of Fairfield approved plans and specifications. _______ will notify the PVMMD upon completion of the punch list items. Within 30 days of receipt of such notice, the PVMMD shall verify that all punch list items have been completed and notify ______. PVMMD staff will then bring a resolution before the Board of Directors for their consideration approving PVMMD responsibility for performing all future PVMMD activities on the parcel(s).

We submit the following parcels for the transfer of PVMMD activities as provided in the revised PVMMD Plan of Control to the PVMMD:

Lot Number Address Assessor’s Parcel Number

Each party is to submit a copy of this application to the other party upon completion of the steps listed below.

PVMMD receipt of Transfer Application: Initial of PVMMD representative: __________ Date: _______

_______ receipt of punch list from PVMMD: Initial of ______ representative: __________ Date: _______

PVMMD receipt of notice of completion of punch list items: Initial of PVMMD representative: __________ Date: _______

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PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT (PVMMD)

FAIRFIELD, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

ENGINEER’S REPORT
For Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Areas “I”, “K”, and “L”

SUBMITTED TO
PVMMD Board of Directors
1000 Webster Street
Fairfield, CA 94533

PREPARED BY
ENGEO Incorporated

June 2, 2022

PROJECT NO.
5698.002.021

DRAFT D

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Areas “I”, “K”, and “L” Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District 5698.002.021 Engineer’s Report

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CERTIFICATION OF FILING .......................................................................................... 1 I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 3 II. BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................... 3 III. GEOLOGIC HAZARD ABATEMENT DISTRICT BOUNDARIES .......................... 4 IV. SERVICE LEVELS ................................................................................................. 4 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE IMPROVEMENTS MAINTAINED BY THE PVMMD ....... 5 VI. ASSESSMENT METHOD AND BENEFIT ............................................................. 5 A. Special Benefit and Proportionality ............................................................. 5 B. Assessment Method ................................................................................... 76 VII. ASSESSMENT LIMIT – BUDGET ........................................................................ 98 VIII. OWNER RESPONSIBILITIES ............................................................................ 109 EXHIBIT A – Legal Description and Plat
EXHIBIT B – Budget – Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District EXHIBIT C – Assessment Roll – Fiscal Year 2022/23

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ENGINEER’S REPORT

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT
(Pursuant to the Public Resources Code of the State of California, Section 26500 et seq.)

CERTIFICATION OF FILING

This report is presented at the direction of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD) Board of Directors. The PVMMD, a Geologic Hazard Abatement District (GHAD) within the meaning of Public Resources Code Division 17, is intended to provide monitoring, maintenance, and repair of improvements related to geologic hazard management within the PVMMD and to levy and collect assessments in order to perform its activities.

The improvements, which are the subject of this report, are defined as any activity necessary or incidental to the prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of a geologic hazard, construction, maintenance, repair, or operation of improvement; or the issuance and servicing of bonds issued to finance any of the foregoing (Pub. Resources Code § 26505).

This report consists of seven parts, as follows.

CERTIFICATE OF FILING

I. INTRODUCTION

II. BACKGROUND

III. GEOLOGIC HAZARD ABATEMENT DISTRICT BOUNDARIES DIAGRAM

IV. SERVICE LEVELS

V. DESCRIPTION OF PVMMD-MAINTAINED IMPROVEMENTS

VI. ASSESSMENT METHOD AND BENEFIT
A. Special Benefit and Proportionality
B. Assessment Method

VII. ASSESSMENT LIMIT – BUDGET
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The undersigned respectfully submits the enclosed Engineer’s Report.

Date: May 5June 2, 2022 By: ENGEO Incorporated

_________________________________________, GE
Uri Eliahu

I HEREBY CERTIFY that the enclosed Engineer’s Report was filed on the 2nd day of June 2022.

_________________________________________
Clerk of the Board
Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District
Fairfield, Solano County, California

I HEREBY CERTIFY that the enclosed Engineer’s Report was approved and confirmed by the PVMMD Board on the 2nd day of June 2022.

_________________________________________
PVMMD Manager
Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District
Fairfield, Solano County, California

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ENGINEER’S REPORT

for

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT

FAIRFIELD, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

I. INTRODUCTION

The establishment of a real-property-related assessment to fund the PVMMD Plan of Control responsibilities is described in this Engineer’s Report. A previous Engineer’s Report was prepared for the PVMMD, dated July 22, 2010, and was adopted by the PVMMD Board of Directors. The initial Engineer’s Report was adopted prior to the completion of construction of developments within Area “I” (The Ridge) and Area “L” (Paradise 360). The PVMMD now wishes to revise and update its Engineer’s Report to represent the as-built conditions that reflect the present nature and scope of its services . The purpose of the Engineer’s Report is to update and replace the Engineer’s Report dated Ju ly 22, 2010, and associated assessment.

II. BACKGROUND

The Fairfield City Council formed the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD or District) on July 6, 2010 (Resolution No. 2010-188), under the authority of the California Public Resources Code, Division 17, Section 26500 et seq. The members of the Fairfield City Council act as the Board of Directors of the PVMMD.

The PVMMD Board of Directors approved the Plan of Control for the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (Plan of Control) with the approval of Resolution 2010-211 on July 20, 2010. The Plan of Control describes the PVMMD’s responsibilities to permanently monitor and maintain PVMMD improvements within the District. This Engineer’s Report describes the establishment of an assessment level to fund PVMMD activities necessary or incidental to geologic hazard mitigation, abatement, and contro l.

An initial Engineer’s Report, dated July 22, 2010, was prepared by a registered professional engineer, certified in the State of California, in compliance with Public Resources Code Section 26651(a) and Section 4(b) of Article XIII (D) of the California Constitution. The Engineer's Report sets forth the estimated budget, the total assessment, the proposed estimate to be levied against each parcel within such territory, and a de scription of the method used in formulating the estimated assessment limits.

On October 5, 2010, the PVMMD Board of Directors adopted Resolution 2010-274, which approved the assessments against those parcels in the PVMMD as identified on the Boundary Map, which are specially benefited by the PVMMD. Subsequently, a Notice of Assessment and assessment diagram, were recorded, as provided for in Section 3114 of the California Streets and Highway Code, whereupon the assessment attached as a lien upon the proper ties within the PVMMD. The assessment can be levied in perpetuity at an amount up to the assessment limit, which is adjusted annually based on the percentage change in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward Consumers Price Index for All Urban Consumers.

The PVMMD includes residential developments, which were constructed between 2007 and 2021. The quantity and residential product types are descri bed on Table II-1.

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TABLE II-1: Development Areas

DEVELOPMENT
AREA

DEVELOPMENT
NAME

SINGL-FAMILY

RESIDENCES
(low density)

SINGLE-FAMILY

RESIDENCES
(medium
density)

COTTAGES
(medium
density)
VILLAS

APARTMENTS
(medium
density)
I The Ridge 20 50
K The Estates 150
L Paradise 360 68

III. GEOLOGIC HAZARD ABATEMENT DISTRICT BOUND ARIES

The land within the PVMMD boundary (PVMMD Area) is shown on the GHAD Boundary Plat in Exhibit A-1. The legal description of the PVMMD Area is included in Exhibit A-2.

IV. SERVICE LEVELS

The PVMMD’s activities are those that are necessary or incidental to the prevention, mitigation, abatement, or control of geologic hazards including construction, maintenance, repair, or operation of any improvement; and the issuance and servicing of bonds issued to finance any of the foregoing.

The PVMMD provides for the administration and review of facilitie s within the budgeted limits, including the following services.

1. Oversight of PVMMD operations.

2. In conjunction with the Solano County Assessor’s Office, setting the annual levy of assessments on the property tax rolls.

3. Engagement of technical profe ssionals to perform the monitoring duties as described in the PVMMD Plan of Control and as required by various government agencies.

4. Performance of PVMMD maintenance activities in accordance with the Plan of Control.

These maintenance activities include:

 General maintenance of the surface drainage improvements on PVMMD and City-owned Parcels (APN 0167-864-030, 0167-856-080, 0167-841-160, and 0167-951-490). The PVMMD is responsible for monitoring, maintenance, and repair of the concrete-lined drainage ditches, sedimentation basins, riprap-lined spillways, and storm drain inlets, outlets, and pipelines.
 Monitoring and maintenance of deflection walls .
 Monitoring and maintenance of measurement devices, such as piezometers, inclinometers, and tiltmeters, if installed in the future by the PVMMD.  Monitoring and repair of slopes and creek banks for erosion, landslide, and related slope instability.

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 Maintenance of gravel-surfaced maintenance roads on PVMMD-owned parcels.  Maintenance of gates, fencing, and signage within the PVMMD-owned parcels.  Repair of gravel-surfaced maintenance roads on City-owned parcels (APNs 0167-864- 030, 0167-856-080, 0167-841-160, and 0167-951-560) solely to the extent the maintenance roads are damaged by the use of PVMMD equipment on the roadways.  Vegetation control for fire suppression on PVMMD-owned parcels.  General maintenance including litter and graffiti removal on PVMMD -owned parcels.

5. Preparation of annual PVMMD budgets for approval by the PVMMD Board of Directors.

V. DESCRIPTION OF THE IMPROVEMENTS MAINTAINED BY

THE PVMMD

The PVMMD-maintained improvements are described in the Plan of Control. In general, these improvements include drainage systems, including concrete -lined drainage ditches in developed areas and PVMMD-owned parcels; storm drain inlets and outlets on PVMMD-owned parcels; subdrains and outlets; sedimentation basins, and deflection walls.

VI. ASSESSMENT METHOD AND BENEFIT

The PVMMD-maintained improvements described in Section IV are distributed within the PVMMD boundaries. Implementation and protection of these improvements provide a special benefit to all real property assessed within the PVMMD. The improvements and responsibilities listed in Section IV and the adopted Plan of Control provide specific benefits to the properties within the PVMMD Area, and the improvements are constructed for the benefit of those assessed and not the general public. Th e subject parcels are only being assessed for the reasonable costs of the proportional specific benefits conferred on the parcels.

A. Special Benefit and Proportionality

The improvements described in this document will confer some, or all, of the following special benefits to the assessed parcels within the PVMMD.

1. Protection from slope instability

2. Protection from erosion due to uncontrolled surface water

3. Protection of water quality

4. Protection from wild land fires due to unmanaged vegetation

Construction of the PVMMD -maintained improvements and Plan of Control responsibilities are concentrated within the PVMMD-owned parcels and were a requirement to allow for development of Areas “I”, “K”, and “L”; therefore, the maintenance and repair of these improvements and lands are a special benefit to all residential parcels within the District.

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special benefit and assessments are reduced accordingly. The proportion of benefit with respect to each of these categories is presented below in the assessment allocation formula.

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TABLE VI-1: PVMMD-owned Parcels
ASSESSOR’S PARCEL

NUMBER (APN) PARCEL LABEL SUBDIVISION NUMBER AREA (ACRES) 0167-080-050 51.66
0167-080-170 33.65
0167-080-210 E 81-SD-1 6.02
0167-951-570 I 91-SD-19 0.94

B. Assessment Method

To allocate assessment in proportion to special benefit conferred on assessed parcels /units, a formula has been derived that estimates the special benefit conveyed by the project. The formula includes several factors, which are weighted based on their relative effect on special benefit. All parcels benefit from the monitoring, maintenance, and replacement of PVMMD-maintained improvements and mitigation of geologic hazards to provide co ntinued transportation access, access to amenities, and reduction of the potential property devaluation that could occur in the event of mobilization and manifestation of geologic hazards within the PVMMD. Special benefit is derived considering the following factors, and weighting has been applied to each factor to note its relative importance as compared to other factors. In addition, including a respective parcel’s frontage along the toe of the PVMMD-owned slopes, we applied our professional judgment to t he factor values regarding the relative efficacy of protective devices and projections of the effects of the Project .




i = Assessment at Parcel i
B = Total annual assessment-based revenue required to support the GHAD operating budget Mi = Monitoring, Maintenance, and Repair Assessment Factor at Parcel i Ri = Slope Mitigation Factor at Parcel i
Gi = Geologic Hazard Factor at Parcel i
P = PVMMD Target Reserve
AD = Area within a Development
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HD = Average Habitable Square Footage per Residence within a D evelopment HM = Maximum Average Habitable Square Footage per Residence within a Development U = Parcel/Unit Area Factor
H = Habitable Square Foot Factor
XS = No. of Parcels/Residential Units adjacent to the base of an GHAD-owned or City-owned slope within a Development
SF = Length of Slope Frontage within a Development
= Summation Length of Slope Frontage Parcel i for Parcels i to n

 Monitoring, Maintenance, and Repair Siting – As discussed, the PVMMD-maintained improvements and Plan of Control responsibilities were a requirement to allow for development of Areas “I”, “K”, and “L”; therefore, the maintenance and repair of these improvements and lands are a special benefit to all residential parcels within the District.

The special benefit is conveyed to each parcel based the ratio of the average units per acre for an individual residential unit within each of the developments , weighted at 80 percent. A secondary factor (20 percent) was applied to account for the average habitable square footage ratio of residential units within each of the developments .

 Slope Mitigation Siting – Certain parcels at or near the toe of the PVMMD -owned slopes receive a slope instability mitigation special benefit beyond what is received by other residential parcels within the PVMMD. The slope-proximity-related geologic hazards include potential future instability of the natural and graded slopes, large retaining walls, and failure of the PVMMD slope mitigation improvements (sedimentation basins, deflection walls, berms, spillways, and stormwater improvements). The special benefit is calculated by determining the average lineal feet of PVMMD-owned/City parcel frontage per residential unit within each of the developments. For the additional special benefit, the rati o is applied to an amount of 75 percent of the target reserve value.

 Geologic Hazard Siting – All residences within the PVMMD receive a geologic hazard benefit. The geologic hazards included in this category include, but are not limited to, slope instability of intra development slopes and retaining walls, erosion, and seismically induced ground deformation. The special benefit is calculated in the same manner as the Monitoring, Maintenance, and Repair Factor. For the additional special benefit, the ratio is applied to an amount equal to 25 percent of the target reserve value.

 Parcel/Unit Area Ratio – Is the area within each individual development divided by the number of residential parcels/units, then the quotient is divided by the maximum area per residential parcel/unit.

 Habitable Square Foot Ratio – Is the average habitable area per parcel/unit in a development divided by the development with the maximum habitable area per residential unit.

The weighted values described above have been computed to reflect the relative importance of each factor in the judgment of the PVMMD manager and assessment engineer (ENGEO), then the resulting ratios of the total assessment are assigned to each parcel/unit on a pro-rata basis.

An assessment level is determined for each parcel based on these factors. In overview, a large-area parcel/unit located at or near the base of the PVMMD-owned parcels/units will derive the greatest special benefit and, therefore, is assessed the largest amount. A small -area parcel/unit located away from the vicinity of the PVMMD-owned parcels receives the least Packet Page 52 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 10 of 23

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special benefit and is therefore assessed the smallest amount. Other parcels /units will range between these extremes.

TABLE VI-2: Assessment Ratio per Development Area and Residential Product Type

DEVELOPMENT
AREA

DEVELOPMENT

NAME PRODUCT TYPE ASSESSMENT
RATIO
NUMBER

OF UNITS
I The Ridge Villas -Apartments 0.41 50
I The Ridge Cottages 0.42 20
K The Estates Single-Family Residences
(Low Density) 1.0 150
L Paradise 360 Single-Family Residences
(Medium Density) 0.51 68

In addition to the special benefit ratio identified in Table VI-2, certain parcels at or near the toe of the PVMMD-owned slopes receive a slope instability mitigation special benefit beyond what is received by other residential parcels within the PVMMD (“Slope Mitigation Parcels/Units”). The slope instability assessment ratio shown on Table VI-3 is determined by dividing the lineal feet of PVMMD-owned parcel frontage by the number of residential units within each of the developments.

TABLE VI-3: Slope Instability Assessment Ratio per Development Area and Residential Product Type

DEVELOPMENT
AREA

DEVELOPMENT

NAME PRODUCT TYPE SLOPE INSTABILITY

ASSESSMENT RATIO
NUMBER

OF UNITS
I The Ridge Villas -Apartments 0.35 20
I The Ridge Cottages 0.35 6
K The Estates Single-Family Residences
(Low Density) 1.0 26
L Paradise 360 Single-Family Residences
(Medium Density) 0.41 10

VII. ASSESSMENT LIMIT – BUDGET

The purpose of this Engineer’s Report is to establish the assessment level and the apportionment of the assessment within the PVMMD as required under Proposition 218. The annual budget in each subsequent fiscal year will apprise the PVMMD Board of Directors of the estimated budget for the upcoming year.

A financial analysis was performed to provide a framework for an operating budget for the ongoing abatement, mitigation, prevention, and control of geologic hazards within the PVMMD Annexation Area. In preparation of the budget, several factors were considered including:

1. Site geology

2. Remedial grading

3. Proximity of geologic hazards to proposed residences

4. Improvements and structures

5. Site access considerations

6. Elements requiring routine maintenance, including, but not limited to:
 Surface drainage facilities
 Graded slopes
 Sedimentation basins and deflection wall
 Fire breaks
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Based on the estimated expenses for ongoing operations and allowing for larger (approximately $270,000) geologic events at 20-year intervals and maintenance of a reserve of $1,570,000 by 2051 (Fiscal Year 2022/2023 dollars), a budget was prepared for the purpose of estimating FY 2022/23 assessment levels (Exhibit B). Based on a review of the potential future allocation of the reserve funds, 75 percent was allocated to be a special benefit conferred on the Slope Mitigation Parcels and 25 percent was allocated to other geologic hazard abatement efforts within all of the assessed parcels (Figure 1).

The engineer recommends an annual assessment for the PVMMD as shown on Table VII-1 in Fiscal Year 2022/2023 dollars). An assessment roll showing the proposed FY 2022/23 assessment limit for each of the parcels/units within the PVMMD is attached (Exhibit C). The proposed initial assessment level will be automatically adjusted annually on June 30 to reflect the percentage change in the San Francisco -Oakland-Hayward Consumers Price Index for All Urban Consumers.

TABLE VII-1: Recommended Annual Assessment for Fiscal Year 2022/23

DEVELOPMENT
AREA

DEVELOPMENT
NAME PRODUCT TYPE FY 2022/23

ASSESSMENT

NUMBER OF
UNITS
I The Ridge Villas Apartments $146 30
I The Ridge Villas Apartments (Slope) $470 20
I The Ridge Cottages $182 14
I The Ridge Cottages (Slope) $474 6
K Estates Single-Family Residences $357 124
K Estates Single-Family Residences
(Slope) $1,282 26
L Paradise 360 Single-Family Residences $182 58
L Paradise 360 Single-Family Residences
(Slope) $520 10

VIII. OWNER RESPONSIBILITIES

Northern California Retired Officers Community (“Owner”) is responsible for managing and maintaining PVMMD Area “I” until the PVMMD accepts responsibility for the PVMMD-maintained improvements as set forth in the Plan of Control. In addi tion, the Owner is responsible for funding any necessary PVMMD functions or business undertaken for the PVMMD within Area “I” that the PVMMD Officers or Board of Directors determine are necessary before the PVMMD accepts the PVMMD Improvements. If the Owner fails to fund all or a portion of these costs, the costs shall be covered by the funds generated by and for the PVMMD (i.e., through the assessment), and the Owner shall be required to reimburse the PVMMD for such costs before the PVMMD can accept monitoring and maintenance responsibilities for the PVMMD Improvements.

Packet Page 54 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 12 of 23

EXHIBIT A

Exhibit 1 – Plat
Exhibit 2 – Legal Description
Packet Page 55 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 13 of 23

EXHIBIT B

BUDGET – May 5June 2, 2022
Packet Page 56 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 14 of 23

5698.002.021
May 5June 2, 2022

Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District

Budget – May 5June 2, 2022

ASSUMPTIONS

Total No. of Residential Units - Actual 288
Equivalent Assessment Units 214
Equivalent Assessment Units (Slope) 39.25
Annual Assessment per Residential Unit (FY 2022/2023) Table VII-1 Annual Adjustment in Assessment (estimated) 2.5%
Inflation (estimated) 2.5%
Investment Earnings (estimated) 1.5%
Frequency of Large-Scale Repair (years) 20
Cost of Large-Scale Repair (current $) $200,000

ESTIMATED ANNUAL EXPENSES IN 2022/23 DOLLARS

Administration (Manager, Treasurer, Clerk, and Legal Counsel) $19,850 Outside Administration Services, Membership, and Insurance $23,197 Monitoring Activities $9,000
Maintenance and Operation $36,470
Capital Improvements $9,492
Major Repair (Annualized) $10,000

TOTAL

$108,009
Packet Page 57 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 15 of 23

EXHIBIT C

ASSESSMENT ROLL – FISCAL YEAR 2022/23
www.engeo.com
Packet Page 58 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 16 of 23

5698.002.021
May 5June 2, 2022

BOOK PAGE PARCEL NUMBER STREET STREET ASSESSMENT LIMIT
FY 2022/2023 NOTES/UNITS
167 80 5 - - $-
167 80 17 - - $-
167 80 21 Parcel E $-
167 80 22 6000 Patriot Plaza $- Clubhouse
167 80 22 6001 Patriot Plaza $- Amenities
167 8 22 6002 United Circle $182.00
167 8 22 6003 United Circle $182.00
167 8 22 6004 United Circle $182.00
167 8 22 6005 Honor Place $474.00
167 8 22 6006 Honor Place $474.00
167 8 22 6100 United Circle $4,700.00 6101 - 6110
167 8 22 6200 United Circle $4,700.00 6210 - 6210
167 8 22 6211 United Circle $474.00
167 8 22 6212 United Circle $474.00
167 8 22 6213 United Circle $474.00
167 8 22 6214 United Circle $474.00
167 8 22 6215 United Circle $182.00
167 8 22 6216 United Circle $182.00
167 8 22 6217 United Circle $182.00
167 8 22 6218 United Circle $182.00
167 8 22 6219 United Circle $182.00
167 8 22 6220 United Circle $182.00
167 8 22 6221 Pride Lane $- Environmental
Center
167 8 22 6222 Allegiance Court $182.00
167 8 22 6223 Allegiance Court $182.00
167 8 22 6224 Allegiance Court $182.00
167 8 22 6225 Allegiance Court $182.00
167 8 22 6226 Allegiance Court $182.00
167 8 22 6300 United Circle $- Classroom
167 8 22 6400 United Circle $1,460.00 6401 - 6410
167 8 22 6500 United Circle $1,460.00 6501 - 6510
167 8 22 6600 United Circle $1,460.00 6601 - 6610
167 841 1 1408 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 2 1404 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 3 1400 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 4 1396 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 5 1392 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 6 1388 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 7 1384 Couples Circle $1,282.00
Packet Page 59 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 17 of 23

5698.002.021
May 5June 2, 2022

BOOK PAGE PARCEL NUMBER STREET STREET ASSESSMENT LIMIT
FY 2022/2023 NOTES/UNITS
167 841 8 1380 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 9 1376 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 10 1372 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 11 1368 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 12 1364 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 13 1360 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 14 1356 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 15 1352 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 841 16 Parcel B $357.00
167 841 17 4921 Couples Court $1,282.00
167 841 18 4917 Couples Court $357.00
167 841 19 4913 Couples Court $357.00
167 841 20 4909 Couples Court $357.00
167 841 21 4905 Couples Court $357.00
167 841 22 4901 Couples Court $357.00
167 842 1 1359 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 2 1363 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 3 1367 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 4 1371 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 5 1375 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 6 1379 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 7 1383 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 8 1387 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 9 1391 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 10 1395 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 11 1399 Couples Circle $357.00
167 842 12 1403 Couples Circle $357.00
167 843 1 1394 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 843 2 1390 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 843 3 1386 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 843 4 1382 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 843 5 1378 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 843 6 1374 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 843 7 1370 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 843 8 1366 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 843 9 1362 Stewart Court $357.00
167 843 10 1358 Stewart Court $357.00
167 843 11 1354 Stewart Court $357.00
167 843 12 1350 Stewart Court $357.00
167 851 1 4845 Duval Street $357.00
Packet Page 60 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 18 of 23

5698.002.021
May 5June 2, 2022

BOOK PAGE PARCEL NUMBER STREET STREET ASSESSMENT LIMIT
FY 2022/2023 NOTES/UNITS
167 851 2 4841 Duval Street $357.00
167 851 3 4837 Duval Street $357.00
167 851 4 4833 Duval Street $357.00
167 851 5 4829 Duval Street $357.00
167 851 6 4825 Duval Street $357.00
167 851 7 4821 Duval Street $357.00
167 851 8 4817 Duval Street $357.00
167 851 9 4813 Duval Street $357.00
167 852 1 1415 Thunderbird Court $357.00
167 852 2 1419 Thunderbird Court $357.00
167 852 3 1422 Thunderbird Court $357.00
167 852 4 1418 Thunderbird Court $357.00
167 852 5 4816 Duval Street $357.00
167 852 6 4820 Duval Street $357.00
167 852 7 4824 Duval Street $357.00
167 852 8 1413 Jones Court $357.00
167 852 9 1417 Jones Court $357.00
167 852 10 1424 Jones Court $357.00
167 852 11 1420 Jones Court $357.00
167 852 12 1428 Duval Street $357.00
167 852 13 1432 Duval Street $357.00
167 852 14 1436 Duval Street $357.00
167 852 15 1440 Duval Street $357.00
167 852 16 1381 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 17 1385 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 18 1389 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 19 1393 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 20 1397 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 21 1401 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 22 1405 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 23 1409 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 24 1413 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 25 1417 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 852 26 1421 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 853 1 1414 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 853 2 1410 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 853 3 1406 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 853 4 1402 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 853 5 1398 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 854 1 1422 Stewart Drive $357.00
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5698.002.021
May 5June 2, 2022

BOOK PAGE PARCEL NUMBER STREET STREET ASSESSMENT LIMIT
FY 2022/2023 NOTES/UNITS
167 854 2 1418 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 855 1 1407 Couples Circle $357.00
167 855 2 1411 Couples Circle $357.00
167 855 3 1415 Couples Circle $357.00
167 855 4 1419 Couples Circle $357.00
167 855 5 1423 Couples Circle $357.00
167 855 6 1427 Couples Circle $357.00
167 855 7 1431 Couples Circle $357.00
167 856 1 1436 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 856 2 1432 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 856 3 1428 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 856 4 1424 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 856 5 1420 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 856 6 1416 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 856 7 1412 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 856 8 Parcel B $-
167 861 1 4809 Duval Street $357.00
167 861 2 4805 Duval Street $357.00
167 861 3 4801 Duval Street $357.00
167 861 4 4797 Duval Street $357.00
167 861 5 4793 Duval Street $357.00
167 861 6 Parcel D $-
167 861 7 1401 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 861 8 1405 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 861 9 1409 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 861 10 1413 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 861 11 1417 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 861 12 1421 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 861 13 1425 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 861 14 1429 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 861 15 1433 Annandale Court $357.00
167 861 16 1437 Annandale Court $357.00
167 861 17 1441 Annandale Court $357.00
167 861 18 1445 Annandale Court $357.00
167 861 19 1449 Annandale Court $357.00
167 861 20 1453 Annandale Court $357.00
167 861 21 1446 Annandale Court $357.00
167 861 22 1442 Annandale Court $357.00
167 861 23 1438 Annandale Court $357.00
167 861 24 1434 Stewart Drive $357.00
Packet Page 62 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 20 of 23

5698.002.021
May 5June 2, 2022

BOOK PAGE PARCEL NUMBER STREET STREET ASSESSMENT LIMIT
FY 2022/2023 NOTES/UNITS
167 861 25 1430 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 861 26 1426 Stewart Drive $357.00
167 862 1 1425 Annandale Court $357.00
167 862 2 1429 Annandale Court $357.00
167 862 3 1433 Annandale Court $357.00
167 862 4 1437 Annandale Court $357.00
167 862 5 4800 Chesapeake Court $357.00
167 862 6 4804 Chesapeake Court $357.00
167 862 7 4808 Chesapeake Court $357.00
167 862 8 4805 Chesapeake Court $357.00
167 862 9 1410 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 862 10 1406 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 862 11 1402 Annandale Drive $357.00
167 862 12 4804 Duval Street $357.00
167 862 13 4808 Duval Street $357.00
167 862 14 4812 Duval Street $357.00
167 862 15 1411 Thunderbird Court $357.00
167 863 1 1435 Couples Circle $357.00
167 863 2 1439 Couples Circle $357.00
167 863 3 1443 Couples Circle $357.00
167 863 4 1447 Couples Circle $357.00
167 863 5 1451 Couples Circle $357.00
167 864 1 1456 Couples Circle $357.00
167 864 2 1452 Couples Circle $357.00
167 864 3 Parcel B $-
167 864 4 1444 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 864 5 1440 Couples Circle $1,282.00
167 951 1 1427 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 2 4431 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 3 4435 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 4 Parcel C $-
167 951 5 4443 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 6 4447 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 7 4451 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 8 4455 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 9 4459 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 10 4463 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 11 4467 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 12 4471 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 13 4475 Tahiti Drive $182.00
Packet Page 63 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 21 of 23

5698.002.021
May 5June 2, 2022

BOOK PAGE PARCEL NUMBER STREET STREET ASSESSMENT LIMIT
FY 2022/2023 NOTES/UNITS
167 951 14 4479 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 951 15 4483 Tahiti Court $182.00
167 951 16 4487 Tahiti Court $182.00
167 951 17 Parcel B $-
167 951 18 Parcel A $-
167 951 19 4500 Tahiti Court $520.00
167 951 20 4496 Tahiti Court $520.00
167 951 21 4492 Tahiti Court $520.00
167 951 22 4488 Tahiti Court $520.00
167 951 23 4484 Tahiti Court $520.00
167 951 24 Parcel G $-
167 951 25 4476 Bahama Way $520.00
167 951 26 4472 Bahama Way $520.00
167 951 27 4468 Bahama Way $182.00
167 951 28 4464 Bahama Way $182.00
167 951 29 4460 Bahama Way $182.00
167 951 30 4456 Bahama Way $182.00
167 951 31 4452 Bahama Way $182.00
167 951 32 4448 Bahama Way $182.00
167 951 33 4444 Bahama Way $182.00
167 951 34 4440 Bahama Way $182.00
167 951 35 4443 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 36 4447 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 37 4451 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 38 4455 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 39 4459 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 40 4463 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 41 4467 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 42 4471 Cancun Court $520.00
167 951 43 4464 Cancun Court $520.00
167 951 44 4460 Cancun Court $520.00
167 951 45 4456 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 46 4452 Cancun Court $520.00
167 951 47 4448 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 48 4444 Cancun Court $182.00
167 951 49 Parcel F $-
167 951 50 4417 Cancun Drive $182.00
167 951 51 4421 Cancun Drive $182.00
167 951 52 4425 Cancun Drive $182.00
167 951 53 4429 Cancun Drive $182.00
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5698.002.021
May 5June 2, 2022

BOOK PAGE PARCEL NUMBER STREET STREET ASSESSMENT LIMIT
FY 2022/2023 NOTES/UNITS
167 951 54 Parcel E $-
167 951 55 Parcel D $-
167 951 56 Parcel J $-
167 951 57 Parcel I $-
167 952 1 4440 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 2 4444 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 3 4448 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 4 4452 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 5 4456 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 6 4460 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 7 4464 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 8 4468 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 9 4472 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 10 4476 Tahiti Drive $182.00
167 952 11 Parcel H $-
167 952 12 4475 Bahama Way $182.00
167 952 13 4471 Bahama Way $182.00
167 952 14 4467 Bahama Way $182.00
167 952 15 4463 Bahama Way $182.00
167 952 16 4459 Bahama Way $182.00
167 952 17 4455 Bahama Way $182.00
167 952 18 4451 Bahama Way $182.00
167 952 19 4447 Bahama Way $182.00
167 952 20 4443 Bahama Way $182.00
167 952 21 4441 Bahama Way $182.00
$112,528.00
Packet Page 65 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 23 of 23

GEOTECHNICAL

ENVIRONMENTAL

WATER RESOURCES

CONSTRUCTION SERVICES

COASTAL/MARINE GEOTECHNICS

DRAFT CDRAFT D

2010 Crow Canyon Place, Suite 250  San Ramon, CA 94583  (925) 866-9000  Fax (888) 279-2698 www.engeo.com

Project No.
5698.002.021

June 1, 2022

Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors Chair Harry Price
Vice Chair Rick Vaccaro
Boardmember Pam Bertani
Boardmember Catherine Moy
Boardmember Doriss
Boardmember Chuck Timm
Boardmember Scott Tonnesen

Subject: Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Fairfield, California

RESERVE FUND STUDY

Dear Chair Price and Boardmembers:

ENGEO, the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD) Services Consultant, is pleased to provide this Reserve Fund Study for the PVMMD in Fairfield, California. The Paradise Valley PVMMD was formed in 2010 and is a Geologic Hazard Abatement District (GHAD) within the meaning of Public Resources Code Division 17 . The boundary of the PVMMD encompasses a total of approximately 157.43 acres with PVMMD ownership of approximately

92.27 acres. The PVMMD includes 288 residences which consist of single-family and multi-family residential units. The PVMMD accepted monitoring, maintenance, and ownership responsibilities for selected parcels in 2016 and has been providing services as anticipated in the revised Plan of Control (Reference 1).

This reserve study was undertaken to forecast expenses that can reasonably be expected in the decades ahead and to confirm that sufficient funds are being set aside in the PVMMD’s reserve to pay for these expenses.

The reserve fund study is based on :

 Expenditures expected to address future monitoring, maintenance, and repair responsibilities as outlined in the Plan of Control (Reference 1).

 Long-term reserves to address larger geologic events. The projected long-term reserve requirement is based on the published work, “Estimating an Appropriate Maintenance and Monitoring District (GHAD) Reserve” and is provided as an attachment to this study.

The structure of the PVMMD is shown below.

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Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors 5698.002.021 Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District May 5June 1, 2022 RESERVE FUND STUDY Page 2

DRAFT CDRAFT D

REVENUE

PVMMD Assessments

As listed in the initial Engineer’s Report (Reference 2) for FY 2010/2011, initial assessment limits for the PVMMD were established at $940.00 per low-density residence and $470.00 per medium-density residence. The initial assessment limits are adjusted annually on June 30 to reflect the percentage change in the San Francisco -Oakland-Hayward Consumers Price Index (CPI) for All Urban Consumers. The inflation adjustments to the assessment limits are shown on Table 1.

TABLE 1: Assessment Limit Inflation Adjustments
FISCAL YEAR 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18

ANNUAL CPI
(JUNE),

SF/OAK/HAY,
1982-84=100
228.11 233.65 239.81 245.94 253.32 259.12 266.04 275.30

APPLIED INFLATION
RATE 2.43% 2.64% 2.56% 3.00% 2.29% 2.67% 3.48%

ASSESSMENT LIMIT
(LOW -DENSITY) $940.00 $962.83 $988.21 $1,013.47 $1,043.89 $1,067.79 $1,096.30 $1,134.46

ASSESSMENT

APPLIED RATE
(LOW -DENSITY)
-- -- $962.00 $987.00 $1,006.74 $1,026.89 $1,047.43 $1,072.57

ASSESSMENT LIMIT
(MEDIUM-DENSITY) $470.00 $481.40 $494.11 $506.74 $521.94 $533.89 $548.15 $567.23

ASSESSMENT

APPLIED RATE
(MEDIUM-DENSITY)
-- -- $481.00 $493.00 $502.86 $513.23 $523.49 $536.05
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Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors 5698.002.021 Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District May 5June 1, 2022 RESERVE FUND STUDY Page 3

DRAFT CDRAFT D

FISCAL YEAR 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 2021/22
ANNUAL CPI (JUNE) 286.06 295.26 300.03 309.50
SF/OAK, 1967=100 3.91% 3.22% 1.62% 3.16%

ASSESSMENT LIMIT
(LOW -DENSITY) $1,178.80 $1,216.7
1 $1,236.37 $1,275.39

ASSESSMENT

APPLIED RATE
(LOW -DENSITY)
$1,110.11 $1,158.9
5 $1,158.95 $878.00

ASSESSMENT LIMIT
(MEDIUM-DENSITY) $589.40 $608.36 $618.18 $637.70

ASSESSMENT

APPLIED RATE
(MEDIUM-DENSITY)
$536.05 $579.22 $579.22 $439.00

The average annual inflation rate since approval of an assessm ent limit in fiscal year (FY) 2010/11 has been 3.24 percent. As shown on Table 1, the annual levy has been slightly less than the assessment limit until setting of the FY 2021/22 levy. On July 20, 2021, the PVMMD Board of Directors approved Resolution PVMMD 2021-05 (Reference 3) that approved a revised Engineer’s Report that reduced the FY 2021/22 levy for low- and medium-density residential units to $878 and $439, respectively, significantly below the assessment limit . The reduced levy amount below the assessment limit was based on the recommendation in the Reserve Study prepared for the PVMMD in 2018 (Reference 4).

The FY 2021/22 assessment roll identifies of 216 assessed parcels. The low-density residential units are levied at a rate of $878 per unit and the medium-density residential units are levied at a rate of $439 per unit. The total levy for the 2021/22 FY is $161,552.00.

Assessments are levied on the first fiscal year after issuance of a building permit for a residential parcel. Based on a review of construction and the FY 2021/22 assessment roll, an additional 72 residential units will be subject to the levy of an assessment in FY 2022/23. With these additional units, the residential units subject to assessment would total 288.

Inflation and Investment Estimates

Table 2 provides the projected investment returns, inflation, and real rate of return used to prepare the pro-forma budgets for the FY2010/11 Engineer’s Report, 2018 Engineer’s Report, and this Reserve Study.

TABLE 2: Inflation and Investment Estimates
ENGINEER’S REPORT (2010)/RESERVE STUDIES (2018 and 2022) 2010 2018 2022 Investment Return 4.0% 3.0% 2.0%
Inflation 2.0% 2.0% 2.5%
Real Rate of Return 2.0% 1.0% -0.5%

For this Reserve Study, we are estimating an annual investment return of 1.5 percent for the 40-year pro forma budget. The investment return is based on a review of FY 2019/20 and FY 2020/21 actual returns and a discussion with the PVMMD treasurer. For inflation, we are estimating an annual inflation rate of 2.5 percent. This is near the inflation target of 2 percent Packet Page 68 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 3 of 21

Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors 5698.002.021 Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District May 5June 1, 2022 RESERVE FUND STUDY Page 4

DRAFT CDRAFT D

adopted by the Federal Open Market Committee in January 2012 (Reference 5). In their recent economic projections, Federal Reserve Bank policymakers forecast that inflation for the next three years would be at 2.6 percent in 2022, 2.3 percent in 2023 and 2.1 percent in 2024, which is in line with the estimates used in this reserve study , although the reserve study pro forma budget analyzes a period of 40 years.

Higher real rates of return decease the assessment necessary to supp ort the operations of the PVMMD and maintain an appropriate target reserve . If the real rate of return is negative, as is projected in this reserve study, a portion of the assessment is applied to maintaining constant- dollar value for the target reserve funds. If the PVMMD is able to obtain a positive real rate of return over the long term, this could allow for an annual levy below the assessment limit or a reduction in the assessment limit.

PVMMD RESPONSIBILITIES

Based on the District’s Plan of Control (Reference 1), PVMMD responsibilities include:

 General maintenance of the surface drainage improvements on PVMMD and City-owned parcels (APN 0167-864-030, 0167-856-080, 0167-841-160, and 0167-951-490). The PVMMD is responsible for monitoring, maintenance, and repair of the concrete-lined drainage ditches, sedimentation basins, riprap-lined spillways, and storm drain inlets, outlets, and pipelines.

 Monitoring and maintenance of deflection walls.

 Monitoring and maintenance of measurement devices, such as pi ezometers, inclinometers, and tiltmeters, if installed in the future by the PVMMD.

 Monitoring and repair of slopes and creek banks for erosion, landslide, and related slope instability.

 Maintenance of gravel-surfaced maintenance roads on PVMMD-owned parcels.

 Repair of gravel-surfaced maintenance roads on City-owned parcels (APNs 0167-864-030, 0167-856-080, 0167-841-160, and 0167-951-560) solely to the extent the maintenance roads are damaged by the use of PVMMD equipment on the roadways .

In addition to PVMMD responsibilities to abate, mitigate, prevent, and control geologic hazards, the PVMMD has responsibilities as a landowner within the PVMMD-owned parcels, including:

 Vegetation management for fire suppression
 Litter and graffiti removal
 Fencing, gates, and signage

PROJECTED EXPENSES

ENGEO prepared the initial 2010 Engineer’s Report used to establish the assessment limit for the PVMMD. By resolution, the PVMMD Board of Directors approved the Engineer’s Report and ordered the assessment on October 5, 2010, with the approval of Resolution 2010-274. Since the transfer of Plan of Control responsibilities from the developer to the PVMMD, intermittent Packet Page 69 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 4 of 21

Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors 5698.002.021 Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District May 5June 1, 2022 RESERVE FUND STUDY Page 5

DRAFT CDRAFT D

site-monitoring events have been completed to observe and provide maintenance and repair recommendations. The most recent site monitoring event was completed on December 13, 2021, (Reference 6).

In general, expenses have been lower than estimated in the approved 2010 Engineer’s Report.

We attribute the additional reserve accumulation to a nu mber of factors including: (1) the PVMMD has not accepted monitoring and maintenance responsibilities for all of the improvements within Area “I”, (2) transfer of ownership for PVMMD-owned parcels and associated District maintenance responsibilities did not occur until 2016, which is later than anticipated in the 2010 Engineer’s Report, (3) 10 of the 15 years since the completion of mass grading have had below-average rainfall; therefore, there has been a reduced level of slope insta bility and erosion, (4) monitoring and scheduled maintenance have been deferred on PVMMD-maintained improvements and PVMMD-owned parcels, and (5) a large-scale repair (estimated at $200,000 in FY 2010/11 dollars every 10 years) has not yet been necessary within the PVMMD-maintained areas.

Additional details for each of the items contributing to lower actual expenses are provided below.

Transfer of Plan of Control Responsibilities from the Developer to the PVMMD

The PVMMD has maintenance and monitoring responsibilities for all the parcels within the District with the exception of parcels within Area “I” (The Ridge). As construction within The Ridge nears completion, we anticipate that parcels within it will be offered for transfer from the developer to the PVMMD in FY 2022/23. The transfer of the remaining parcels from the developer to the PVMMD will result in additional PVMMD expenses that were anticipated in the 20 10 Engineer’s Report and are included in the estimates for this reserve study.

It appears that routine maintenance of PVMMD -maintained improvements has been deferred.

Since a major benefit of being within a GHAD is the ability to conduct preventive maintenance and, therefore, likely reducing repair costs, this reserve study anticipates a prudent level of scheduled preventive maintenance.

Annual Rainfall Data since the Completion of Mass Grading

Annual rainfall data for the Fairfield area are shown on Graph 1. The average rainfall in the Fairfield area is approximately 25 inches per year. Earthwork and major PVMMD-maintained improvements were completed by 2007, and the majority of Plan of Control responsibilities have been transferred from the developer to the PVMMD. Since the completion of mass-grading activities, 10 of the 15 years have had below-average rainfall by an average of approximately 18 percent. The projected expenses used in this study assume average rainfall totals , which may include more slope instability than has occurred since the completion of mass grading activities.

GRAPH 1: Fairfield Area Rainfall Years 2007/08 to 2021/22 (to date) Packet Page 70 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 5 of 21

Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors 5698.002.021 Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District May 5June 1, 2022 RESERVE FUND STUDY Page 6

DRAFT CDRAFT D

Expense Estimates

To prepare the current PVMMD reserve fund amount, we reviewed the following documents and conditions.

 2010 Engineer’s Report
 2018 Reserve Study
 Site Monitoring Reports from 2013, 2018, 2021, and 2022  Existing Site Conditions
 “As-built” Plans
 Revenue and Expense Information

Some of the initial expense estimates remain valid, but other amounts have been adjusted to account for site performance over the past 15 years, “as-built” conditions, and cost estimate bids for maintenance and emergency response items received by other GHADs in the Bay Area .

Adjusted for inflation, annualized PVMMD expenses calculated from the adopted 2010 Engineer’s Report would be $258,726. As shown in Exhibit A and used in the calculations for Exh ibit B, the annualized PVMMD expenses are $108,009, which is an over 50 percent decrease in estimated expenses.

Large-Scale Repair

A large-scale landslide or other geologic hazard (estimated at $200,000 in FY 2022/23 dollars every 10 years to repair) has not occurred within the PVMMD-maintained areas. Based on the site performance since mass grading , we have extended the recurrence interval for large scale repairs from 10 to 20 years for estimating expenses for this reserve study.

RESERVE ESTIMATION AND METHODOLOGY

0.00 5.00

10.00 15.00

20.00 25.00

30.00 35.00

40.00 45.00
Actual Average Rainfall Average Annual Rainfall
Packet Page 71 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 6 of 21

Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors 5698.002.021 Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District May 5June 1, 2022 RESERVE FUND STUDY Page 7

DRAFT CDRAFT D

For the 2010 Engineer’s Report and in the 2018 Reserve Study, we estimated the reserve ® appropriate for the Paradise Valley PVMMD using the following factors from the attached paper titled, “Estimating an Appropriate PVMMD Reserve” dated June 1999 (Exhibit C).

 Number of assessed units (n)
 Level of geotechnical risk within the development boundaries (g)  Average value of assessed properties (v)
 Relative density of construction (d)

Table 3 provides the inputs and target reserve amounts calculat ed in 2007, 2018, and 2022 dollars, respectively.

TABLE 3: Target Reserve Calculations
Paradise Valley Target Reserve R=v(d+gn)
2010 2018 2022
Number of Assessed Units (n) 380 320 288
Average Value of each residence (v) $360,000 $575,000 $687,000 Geotechnical Risk Factor (g) 0.003 0.003 0.001
Density Factor (d) 2 2 2
Target Reserve (Rounded) $1,130,000 $1,700,000 $1,570,000 For the current reserve study, we updated the reserve calculation inputs, as appropriate. A total of 288 residential units constructed are expected to be subject to the levy of a PVMMD assessment. The average value of assessed residential properties is used as a surrogate index to represent local construction costs over time. The average value of assessed properties is based on current values derived from web-based sources. In the initial Engineer’s Report, it was estimated that the assessed values would track with inflation. The current survey of property values allows for an adjustment, as the value of assessed properties has not tracked with the consumer price index measure of inflation.

Items considered in determining the level of geotechnical risk include:

 Site geology including seismic hazards.
 Corrective grading and other geotechnical mitigation measures.  Proximity of geologic hazards to PVMMD-maintained improvements.  Performance of the site improvements.

An earthquake of moderate to high magnitude generated within the San Francisco Bay Region could cause considerable ground shaking at the site, similar to that which has occurred in the past, possibly damaging PVMMD-maintained improvements and causing seismically induced landslides. The Green Valley fault is located approximately 9.5 miles west of the limits of the PVMMD. Predictions for the nearby segments of the Green Valley fault indicate that there is approximately a 16 percent chance of a 6.7 magnitude earthquake in approximately the next 30 years.

The corrective grading and geotechnical mitigation improvements are not significantly different from those completed during the mass grading for the development and as accounted for in the initial Engineer’s Report. Likewise , the proximity of geologic hazards to PVMMD-maintained improvements does not appear significantly different from those encountered during mass grading for the site. The PVMMD-maintained slopes and improvements appear to be performing Packet Page 72 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 7 of 21

Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors 5698.002.021 Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District May 5June 1, 2022 RESERVE FUND STUDY Page 8

DRAFT CDRAFT D

somewhat better than anticipated in 2010; therefore, we have reduced the geotechnical risk factor from 0.0032 to 0.001. The geotechnical risk factor used in the target reserve calculation ranges between 0.001 to 0.01, where 0.001 represents the lowest risk and 0.01 represents a site with the highest risk. The reduction from 0.003 to 0.001 lowered the calculated target reserve by approximately $400,000.

The relative density of construction is the maximum number of units expected to be impacted by a major geologic event. The existing configuration of the development footprint is similar to that on the site plans available at the time the initial Engineer’s Report was prepared; therefore, the relative density value has not been adjusted.

Based on these parameters, we estimate that an appropriate long -term reserve for the PVMMD for 288 units would be approximately $1,570,000 in current dollars. The $1,570,000 reserve amount would allow the PVMMD to respond to anticipated events within the PVMMD, while still having funds to continue its other administration, maintenance, and monitoring functions.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS

With an estimated PVMMD account balance of approximately $1,500,000 at the end of the 2021/22 fiscal year, an adequate reserve appears to have been achieved. In 2010, it was forecast that an adequate reserve would be accumulated over approximately 40 years, but based on lower PVMMD expenses, this has been achieved in 12 years.

Since the revised reserve target has been reached, the PVMMD Manager recommends that the PVMMD Board of Directors consider adjusting the levy on residences within the PVMMD for FY 2022/23 as shown on Table 2. Recommended levies for residential parcels not located at the toe of the GHAD-owned parcels slopes (Slope Mitigation Parcels) would be significantly lower than the anticipated FY 2022/23 assessment limit. Details of the apportionment of the GHAD assessment are provided in the updated 2022 Engineer’s Report (Reference 7). An assessment roll showing the proposed FY 2022/23 assessment limit for each of the parcels/units within the PVMMD is attached (Exhibit D).

TABLE 4: Recommended Assessment Levy for FY2022/23

RESIDENTIAL TYPE NUMBER

OF UNITS

TOTAL ANNUAL

ASSESSMENT LIMIT
SFR (Low Density) – Slope Mitigation Parcel 26 $1,282
SFR (Low Density) 124 $357
SFR (Medium Density) – Slope Mitigation Parcel 10 $520
Cottage (Medium Density) – Slope Mitigation Parcel 6 $474 SFR (Medium Density) 72 $182
Villa (Medium Density) – Slope Mitigation Parcel 20 $470 Villa (Medium Density) 30 $146
TOTAL 288

As provided in the 2010 Engineer’s Report, the annual assessment and assessment limit will be adjusted for inflation. Ongoing assessments, even at an amount lower than the assessment limit, will allow the PVMMD to continue funding its other administration, maintenance, and monitoring functions including a larger repair. We are not recommending that the assessment limit be Packet Page 73 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 8 of 21

Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board of Directors 5698.002.021 Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District May 5June 1, 2022 RESERVE FUND STUDY Page 9

DRAFT CDRAFT D

lowered at this time. The assessment limit would continue to be adjusted for inflation as provided in the approved Engineer’s Report.

If you have any questions regarding the contents of this letter, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Sincerely,

ENGEO Incorporated

Eric Harrell, CEG Uri Eliahu, GE

eh/ue/ar

Attachments: List of Selected References
Exhibit A: Expense Details
Exhibit B: Base Pro Forma Budget with $1,570,000 Reserve (2022/23 dollars) Slope Mitigation Parcels Adjustment Pro Forma Budget with $1,570,000 Reserve (2022/23 dollars)
Exhibit C: Estimating an Appropriate GHAD Reserve
Exhibit D: Assessment Roll
Packet Page 74 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 9 of 21

5698.002.021 DRAFT DC
May 5June 1, 2022

LIST OF SELECTED REFERENCES

1. ENGEO; Revised Plan of Control for Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District (PVMMD), Fairfield, California; February 22, 2022 (Draft); Project No. 5698.002.022.

2. ENGEO; Engineer’s Report for Geologic Maintenance and Monitoring District, Paradise Valley Areas “I”, “K”, and “L”, City of Fairfield, California; July 22, 2010; Project No. 5698.100.101.

3. ENGEO; Reserve Fund Study, Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District, Fairfield, California; March 26, 2018; Project No. 5698.002.000.

4. Fairfield, City of, Resolution PVMMD 2021-05, Resolution of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board Approving the 2021-2022 Supplement to Engineer’s Report, As Modified, and Ordering the Levy of Assessment for the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District, July 20, 2021.

5. United States Federal Reserve Board of Governors, Federal Open Market Committee Statement of Longer-Run Goals and Policy Strategy, Press Release, January 25, 2012 .

6. ENGEO; Monitoring Report, Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District, Fairfield, California; February 28, 2022 (Draft); Project No. 5698.002.021.

7. ENGEO; Engineer’s Report for Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District, Areas “I”, “K”, and “L”, Fairfield, Solano County, California; May 5June 2, 2022 (Draft); Project No. 5698.002.021

Packet Page 75 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 10 of 21

5698.002.021 DRAFT DC
May 5June 1, 2022

EXHIBIT A

Expense Details
Packet Page 76 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 11 of 21

5698.002.021 DRAFT DC
May 5June 1, 2022

EXHIBIT B

Pro Forma Budget with $1,570,000 Reserve
(2022/23 dollars)

Slope Mitigation Parcels Adjustment Pro Forma Budget with $1,570,000 Reserve (2022/23 dollars)
Packet Page 77 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 12 of 21

5698.002.021 DRAFT DC
May 5June 1, 2022

EXHIBIT C

Estimating an Appropriate GHAD Reserve
Packet Page 78 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 13 of 21

5698.002.021 DRAFT DC
May 5June 1, 2022

EXHIBIT D

Assessment Roll
Packet Page 79 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 14 of 21

5698.002.021 DRAFT DC
May 5June 1, 2022

Packet Page 86 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 21 of 21

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT

RESOLUTION NO. PVMMD 2022-02

RESOLUTION OF THE PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT BOARD GRANTING PRELIMINARY APPROVAL OF FISCAL YEAR 2022-2023 BUDGET, DECLARING INTENTION TO ORDER LEVY AND COLLECTION OF ASSESSMENTS FOR FISCAL YEAR 2022-2023,

AND PROVIDING FOR NOTICE OF A HEARING THEREON FOR THE PARADISE VALLEY

MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT

WHEREAS, in order to pay for the cost and expenses of maintaining and operating the improvements for the PVMMD as described in the Plan of Control, pursuant to PRC sections 26500 et seq., it will be necessary to provide a reliable source of funding; and

WHEREAS, PRC sections 26650 et seq. authorize, after a noticed public hearing, the levy and collection of an assessment upon specially benefited property within the PVMMD to pay for the maintenance and operation of PVMMD improvements. Article XIII (D) of the California Constitution imposes additional requirements for the levy and collection of said assessment; and

WHEREAS, on July 5, 2022, the PVMMD Board approved with Resolution PVMMD No. 2022 -02 an Engineer’s Report (the “Engineer’s Report”), prepared by a registered professional engineer, certified in the State of California, in compliance with PRC section 26651 (a) and section 4(b) of Article XIII(D) of the California Constitution. The Engineer’s Report sets forth the purpose of the PVMMD, the estimated budget, the total assessment, the proposed estimate to be levied against each parcel within such territory, and a description of the method used in formulating the estimated assessments; and

WHEREAS, on October 5, 2010, the City of Fairfield council, acting as the PVMMD Board, adopted Resolution 2010-274, approving the initial assessments against those parcels in the PVMMD as identified on the boundary map, which are specially benefited by the PVMMD; and

WHEREAS, the PVMMD Board desires to adopt the budget for fiscal year (FY) 2022-2023 to allow for funding of GHAD activities.

Packet Page 87 of 1243Attachment 5 Page 1 of 3

RES. NO. PVMMD 2022-02

Page 2 ends

NOW, THEREFORE, THE BOARD OF THE PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT HEREBY RESOLVES:

Section 1. Pursuant to Resolution 2022-02, an Engineer’s Report and FY 2022-2023 budget, has been prepared, filed with the PVMMD clerk, duly considered by this Board, and the FY 2022- 2023 budget is hereby deemed sufficient and is hereby granted preliminary approval.

Section 2. It is the intention of this Board to order the levy and collection of assessments for the monitoring, inspections, and repair of improvements installed under proceedings and pursuant to the resolution of intention.

Section 3. Reference is hereby made to that certain map of boundaries of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District on file in the office of the PVMMD clerk for a description of the territory within which said assessments for monitoring, inspections, and repair are proposed to be levied and collected.

Section 4. Reference is hereby made to said Engineer’s Report which contains a complete description of the lots within the boundaries of said Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District, an estimate of the costs of said monitoring, inspections, and repair during t he next ensuing fiscal year and an appointment of said costs upon said lots.

Section 5. The annual assessments for FY 2022-2023 are proposed for single-family residential units (low density) at $340.00 and single-family residential units (medium-density) $173.00 for medium-density residential units. The annual assessments for FY 2022-2023 are proposed for multi-family residential units (Villas-Apartments) at $139.00 and multi-family residential units (Cottages) $143.00 for medium-density residential units. These rates do not exceed the FY 2022-2023 maximum annual assessment rates established in 2010 and adjusted annually by the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose Consumers Price Index for All Urban Consumers.

Section 6. This Board hereby orders that a public hearing shall be held before this Board in the regular meeting place thereof at the City of Fairfield Council Chamber, Civic Center, 1000 Webster Street, Fairfield, California or in any other manner as specified on the regular meeting agenda.

The hearing shall be held on July 19, 2022, at the hour of 6:00 p.m. for the purposes of this Board’s determination whether the public interest, convenience, and necessity require that the proposed levy be made, and this Board’s final action upon the Engineer’s Report and the assessment therein.

Packet Page 88 of 1243Attachment 5 Page 2 of 3

RES. NO. PVMMD 2022-02

Page 3 ends

Section 7. The Board clerk shall cause notice of the hearing to be given in the following way:

By mailing a notice of adoption of the resolution to levy and collect assessments to each real property owner as shown on the last equalized assessment roll at least fourteen (14) days prior to the date of the public hearing specified in this resolution.

PASSED AND ADOPTED this 5th day of July, 2022, by the following vote:

STATE OF CALIFORNIA
COUNTY OF SOLANO ss.

CITY OF FAIRFIELD

I, Karen Rees, Board Clerk of the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District in the County of Solano, State of California do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2022-02 was regularly adopted by the Paradise Valley Maintenance and Monitoring District Board at a regular meeting of said board held on the 5th day of July, 2022, by the following vote:

AYES: BOARDMEMBERS: PRICE / BERTANI / MOY / PANDURO / TIMM / TONNESEN / VACCARO

NOES: BOARDMEMBERS:

ABSENT: BOARDMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: BOARDMEMBERS:

CHAIR
ATTEST:

BOARD CLERK
Packet Page 89 of 1243Attachment 5 Page 3 of 3

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT
FY 2022-2023 BUDGET
FUND DIVISION PROJECT TYPE OBJECT FY20-21 ACTUAL FY21-22 PROJECTED FY22-23 PROJECTED 090 99 000 Revenue 6106 - SPECIAL ASSESSMENTS 212,649 161,552 72,574 090 99 000 Revenue 6401 - INT INC ON POOLED INVESTMENTS 22,127 14,800 15,000 090 99 000 Revenue 6412 - MKT VAL-UNREALIZED GAIN/LOSS (17,955)(10,000)(10,000) TOTAL REVENUE 216,821 166,352 77,574
090 68 001 Expense 8404 - WEED ABATEMENT -(25,000)(25,000) 090 68 001 Expense 8409 - DITCH CLEANING -(12,000)-
090 68 001 Expense 8441 - OTHER CONTRACTUAL SERVICES -(85,880)(12,000) 090 68 001 Expense 8445 - MAINTENANCE ROADS & DRAINS -(21,000)- 090 68 001 Expense 8539 - OTHER-DRAINAGE MAINTENANCE -(51,000)- 090 68 001 Expense 8901 - ADMIN/MGMT FEES (22,154)(22,022)(17,000) 090 68 001 Expense 8902 - LEGAL FEES (1,880)(3,000)(3,000) 090 68 001 Expense 8956 - OUTSIDE SERVICES/CONSULTING (53,053)-- 090 68 001 Expense 9003 - ADVERTISING (174)(300)-
090 68 001 Expense 9508 - PJCT CST-OTHER PROJECT COSTS --(28,000) 090 99 000 Expense 8956 - OUTSIDE SERVICES/CONSULTING --(21,000) 090 99 000 Expense 9038 - COUNTY ADMIN EXPENSES (2,121)(2,121)(2,000) TOTAL EXPENSES (79,382)(222,323)(108,000)
REVENUE 216,821$ 166,352$ 77,574 EXPENSES (79,382)$ (222,323)$ (108,000) NET SURPLUS/DEFICIT 137,439$ (55,971)$ (30,426) BEGINNING FUND BALANCE 1,428,277 1,565,716 1,509,745
NET SURPLUS/DEFICIT 137,439$ (55,971)$ (30,426) ENDING FUND BALANCE 1,565,716$ 1,509,745$ 1,479,319 Packet Page 90 of 1243Attachment 6 Page 1 of 7

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT
FY 2022‐2023 ASSESSMENTS BY PARCEL
PARCEL COUNT BOOK PAGE PARCEL ASSESSMENT
1 167 8 22 9,810.00$
2 167 80 5 ‐$
3 167 80 17 ‐$
4 167 80 21 ‐$
5 167 80 22 ‐$
6 167 841 1 340.00$
7 167 841 2 340.00$
8 167 841 3 340.00$
9 167 841 4 340.00$
10 167 841 5 340.00$
11 167 841 6 340.00$
12 167 841 7 340.00$
13 167 841 8 340.00$
14 167 841 9 340.00$
15 167 841 10 340.00$
16 167 841 11 340.00$
17 167 841 12 340.00$
18 167 841 13 340.00$
19 167 841 14 340.00$
20 167 841 15 340.00$
21 167 841 16 ‐$
22 167 841 17 340.00$
23 167 841 18 340.00$
24 167 841 19 340.00$
25 167 841 20 340.00$
26 167 841 21 340.00$
27 167 841 22 340.00$
28 167 842 1 340.00$
29 167 842 2 340.00$
30 167 842 3 340.00$
31 167 842 4 340.00$
32 167 842 5 340.00$
33 167 842 6 340.00$
34 167 842 7 340.00$
35 167 842 8 340.00$
36 167 842 9 340.00$
37 167 842 10 340.00$
38 167 842 11 340.00$
39 167 842 12 340.00$
40 167 843 1 340.00$
41 167 843 2 340.00$
42 167 843 3 340.00$
43 167 843 4 340.00$
44 167 843 5 340.00$
45 167 843 6 340.00$

Page 1 of 6 ends

Packet Page 91 of 1243Attachment 6 Page 2 of 7

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT
FY 2022‐2023 ASSESSMENTS BY PARCEL
PARCEL COUNT BOOK PAGE PARCEL ASSESSMENT
46 167 843 7 340.00$
47 167 843 8 340.00$
48 167 843 9 340.00$
49 167 843 10 340.00$
50 167 843 11 340.00$
51 167 843 12 340.00$
52 167 851 1 340.00$
53 167 851 2 340.00$
54 167 851 3 340.00$
55 167 851 4 340.00$
56 167 851 5 340.00$
57 167 851 6 340.00$
58 167 851 7 340.00$
59 167 851 8 340.00$
60 167 851 9 340.00$
61 167 852 1 340.00$
62 167 852 2 340.00$
63 167 852 3 340.00$
64 167 852 4 340.00$
65 167 852 5 340.00$
66 167 852 6 340.00$
67 167 852 7 340.00$
68 167 852 8 340.00$
69 167 852 9 340.00$
70 167 852 10 340.00$
71 167 852 11 340.00$
72 167 852 12 340.00$
73 167 852 13 340.00$
74 167 852 14 340.00$
75 167 852 15 340.00$
76 167 852 16 340.00$
77 167 852 17 340.00$
78 167 852 18 340.00$
79 167 852 19 340.00$
80 167 852 20 340.00$
81 167 852 21 340.00$
82 167 852 22 340.00$
83 167 852 23 340.00$
84 167 852 24 340.00$
85 167 852 25 340.00$
86 167 852 26 340.00$
87 167 853 1 340.00$
88 167 853 2 340.00$
89 167 853 3 340.00$
90 167 853 4 340.00$

Page 2 of 6 ends

Packet Page 92 of 1243Attachment 6 Page 3 of 7

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT
FY 2022‐2023 ASSESSMENTS BY PARCEL
PARCEL COUNT BOOK PAGE PARCEL ASSESSMENT
91 167 853 5 340.00$
92 167 854 1 340.00$
93 167 854 2 340.00$
94 167 855 1 340.00$
95 167 855 2 340.00$
96 167 855 3 340.00$
97 167 855 4 340.00$
98 167 855 5 340.00$
99 167 855 6 340.00$
100 167 855 7 340.00$
101 167 856 1 340.00$
102 167 856 2 340.00$
103 167 856 3 340.00$
104 167 856 4 340.00$
105 167 856 5 340.00$
106 167 856 6 340.00$
107 167 856 7 340.00$
108 167 856 8 ‐$
109 167 861 1 340.00$
110 167 861 2 340.00$
111 167 861 3 340.00$
112 167 861 4 340.00$
113 167 861 5 340.00$
114 167 861 6 ‐$
115 167 861 7 340.00$
116 167 861 8 340.00$
117 167 861 9 340.00$
118 167 861 10 340.00$
119 167 861 11 340.00$
120 167 861 12 340.00$
121 167 861 13 340.00$
122 167 861 14 340.00$
123 167 861 15 340.00$
124 167 861 16 340.00$
125 167 861 17 340.00$
126 167 861 18 340.00$
127 167 861 19 340.00$
128 167 861 20 340.00$
129 167 861 21 340.00$
130 167 861 22 340.00$
131 167 861 23 340.00$
132 167 861 24 340.00$
133 167 861 25 340.00$
134 167 861 26 340.00$
135 167 862 1 340.00$

Page 3 of 6 ends

Packet Page 93 of 1243Attachment 6 Page 4 of 7

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT
FY 2022‐2023 ASSESSMENTS BY PARCEL
PARCEL COUNT BOOK PAGE PARCEL ASSESSMENT
136 167 862 2 340.00$
137 167 862 3 340.00$
138 167 862 4 340.00$
139 167 862 5 340.00$
140 167 862 6 340.00$
141 167 862 7 340.00$
142 167 862 8 340.00$
143 167 862 9 340.00$
144 167 862 10 340.00$
145 167 862 11 340.00$
146 167 862 12 340.00$
147 167 862 13 340.00$
148 167 862 14 340.00$
149 167 862 15 340.00$
150 167 863 1 340.00$
151 167 863 2 340.00$
152 167 863 3 340.00$
153 167 863 4 340.00$
154 167 863 5 340.00$
155 167 864 1 340.00$
156 167 864 2 340.00$
157 167 864 3 ‐$
158 167 864 4 340.00$
159 167 864 5 340.00$
160 167 951 1 173.00$
161 167 951 2 173.00$
162 167 951 3 173.00$
163 167 951 4 ‐$
164 167 951 5 173.00$
165 167 951 6 173.00$
166 167 951 7 173.00$
167 167 951 8 173.00$
168 167 951 9 173.00$
169 167 951 10 173.00$
170 167 951 11 173.00$
171 167 951 12 173.00$
172 167 951 13 173.00$
173 167 951 14 173.00$
174 167 951 15 173.00$
175 167 951 16 173.00$
176 167 951 17 ‐$
177 167 951 18 ‐$
178 167 951 19 173.00$
179 167 951 20 173.00$
180 167 951 21 173.00$

Page 4 of 6 ends

Packet Page 94 of 1243Attachment 6 Page 5 of 7

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT
FY 2022‐2023 ASSESSMENTS BY PARCEL
PARCEL COUNT BOOK PAGE PARCEL ASSESSMENT
181 167 951 22 173.00$
182 167 951 23 173.00$
183 167 951 24 ‐$
184 167 951 25 173.00$
185 167 951 26 173.00$
186 167 951 27 173.00$
187 167 951 28 173.00$
188 167 951 29 173.00$
189 167 951 30 173.00$
190 167 951 31 173.00$
191 167 951 32 173.00$
192 167 951 33 173.00$
193 167 951 34 173.00$
194 167 951 35 173.00$
195 167 951 36 173.00$
196 167 951 37 173.00$
197 167 951 38 173.00$
198 167 951 39 173.00$
199 167 951 40 173.00$
200 167 951 41 173.00$
201 167 951 42 173.00$
202 167 951 43 173.00$
203 167 951 44 173.00$
204 167 951 45 173.00$
205 167 951 46 173.00$
206 167 951 47 173.00$
207 167 951 48 173.00$
208 167 951 49 ‐$
209 167 951 50 173.00$
210 167 951 51 173.00$
211 167 951 52 173.00$
212 167 951 53 173.00$
213 167 951 54 ‐$
214 167 951 55 ‐$
215 167 951 56 ‐$
216 167 951 57 ‐$
217 167 952 1 173.00$
218 167 952 2 173.00$
219 167 952 3 173.00$
220 167 952 4 173.00$
221 167 952 5 173.00$
222 167 952 6 173.00$
223 167 952 7 173.00$
224 167 952 8 173.00$
225 167 952 9 173.00$

Page 5 of 6 ends

Packet Page 95 of 1243Attachment 6 Page 6 of 7

PARADISE VALLEY MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING DISTRICT
FY 2022‐2023 ASSESSMENTS BY PARCEL
PARCEL COUNT BOOK PAGE PARCEL ASSESSMENT
226 167 952 10 173.00$
227 167 952 11 ‐$
228 167 952 12 173.00$
229 167 952 13 173.00$
230 167 952 14 173.00$
231 167 952 15 173.00$
232 167 952 16 173.00$
233 167 952 17 173.00$
234 167 952 18 173.00$
235 167 952 19 173.00$
236 167 952 20 173.00$
237 167 952 21 173.00$
TOTAL ASSESSMENT 72,574.00$
PARCELS WITH ASSESSMENT 219
PARCELS WITH NO ASSESSMENT 18
TOTAL PARCELS 237

Page 6 of 6 ends

Packet Page 96 of 1243Attachment 6 Page 7 of 7

Agenda Item No: 6.

AGENDA REPORT
DATE:July 5, 2022
TO:Mayor and City Council
FROM:David Gassaway, Interim City Manager
SUBJECT:Resolution No. 2022147 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the City of Fairfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice Resolution No. 2022148 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the Amendments to the City of Fairfield Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program Citizen Participation Plan (CPP)
RECOMMENDED ACTION
Adopt resolutions.

STATEMENT OF ISSUE
City of Fairfield (City) staff has analyzed the impediments to Fair Housing and outlined those that the City will address over the next five years. The City must review and amend its Citizen Participation Plan (CPP) as part of the Consolidated Plan process to ensure that the CPP is in line with the requirements of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).

DISCUSSION
HUD requires jurisdictions receiving federal grant funds for housing and community development to certify that they are taking actions to Affirmatively Further Fair Housing (AFFH). The City receives federal grant funds from HUD for the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program, which provides funding for housing, community facilities, and public services for low and moderateincome households. Under the CDBG program, the City must certify that it is taking actions and documenting those actions that affirmatively further fair housing. HUD defines affirmatively furthering fair housing as "taking meaningful actions, in addition to combating discrimination, that overcomes segregation patterns and fosters inclusive communities free from barriers that restrict access to opportunities based on protected characteristics." Specifically, affirmatively furthering fair housing means taking meaningful actions that, when taken together:
• Address significant disparities in housing needs and access to opportunities • Replace segregated living patterns with truly integrated and balanced living patterns • Transform racially and ethnically concentrated areas of poverty into areas of opportunity • Foster and maintain compliance with civil rights and fair housing laws Packet Page 97 of 1243

1. Conducting and updating their Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice (AI)

2. Developing appropriate actions to overcome the effects of the identified impediments

3. Developing a system for recordkeeping and monitoring activities undertaken to reduce or overcome the identified impediments
The AI reflects an expanded community engagement process that includes residents and communities who are members of the protected classes and those who are not members of the protected classes yet face housing challenges. The voices and concerns of seniors, youth, and people experiencing homelessness were part of developing recommendations that can impact their opportunities for fair housing choices as residents in Fairfield.

In addition, the City not only reviewed and analyzed its efforts to affirmatively further fair housing, but also addressed illegal discrimination by recommending that the City continue to identify resources to create affordable housing rental and homeownership housing for those households that have been directly affected by historic housing inequities and discrimination.

In April 2017, the City entered into a Voluntary Compliance Agreement (VCA) with HUD to address components of noncompliance with the 2010 AI. The City hired a consultant and completed an extensive analysis of needs within the city. The analysis included multiple opportunities for community feedback and input. The analysis was completed, and the impediments to the city were identified. The City submitted the final AI to HUD and the other needed components of the VCA. On January 11, 2022, the City received approval from HUD indicating that the AI met the requirements to affirmatively further fair housing and that the City had submitted all of the deliverables and reports necessary to meet the requirements under the VCA.

To affirmatively further fair housing, a community must work to remove impediments to fair housing choice. Through its analysis, the city identified several impediments and actions that it will need to overcome during fiscal year (FY) 202227. The impediments and actions to address those impediments are as follows:

1. Residential segregation

2. Insufficient affordable housing

3. Institutional Barriers

4. Pandemic increased housing stability

5. Lack of knowledge about fair housing rights
Citizen Participation Plan (CCP)
As a jurisdiction that receives federal funds from HUD, the City must have a CPP. The CPP sets forth the policies and procedures for the public's participation throughout the Consolidated Planning process. The Consolidated Plan is the fiveyear spending plan for the CDBG program. The CPP must facilitate the public's participation through the Consolidated Plan's initial development, the substantial amendment process, and the annual performance report. CPP regulations require grantees to actively encourage widespread citizen participation, with an emphasis on efforts to encourage participation from the following populations:
• Lowand moderateincome persons
• Residents of slums, blighted areas, and predominately lowand moderateincome areas • NonEnglishspeaking persons
Packet Page 98 of 1243

Agenda Item No: 6.AGENDA REPORTDATE:July 5, 2022 TO:Mayor and City CouncilFROM:David Gassaway, Interim City ManagerSUBJECT:Resolution No. 2022147 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the City ofFairfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing ChoiceResolution No. 2022148 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving theAmendments to the City of Fairfield Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)Program Citizen Participation Plan (CPP)RECOMMENDED ACTIONAdopt resolutions.STATEMENT OF ISSUECity of Fairfield (City) staff has analyzed the impediments to Fair Housing and outlined those that theCity will address over the next five years. The City must review and amend its Citizen Participation Plan(CPP) as part of the Consolidated Plan process to ensure that the CPP is in line with the requirementsof the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).DISCUSSIONHUD requires jurisdictions receiving federal grant funds for housing and community development tocertify that they are taking actions to Affirmatively Further Fair Housing (AFFH). The City receivesfederal grant funds from HUD for the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program, whichprovides funding for housing, community facilities, and public services for low and moderateincomehouseholds. Under the CDBG program, the City must certify that it is taking actions and documentingthose actions that affirmatively further fair housing. HUD defines affirmatively furthering fair housing as"taking meaningful actions, in addition to combating discrimination, that overcomes segregationpatterns and fosters inclusive communities free from barriers that restrict access to opportunities basedon protected characteristics." Specifically, affirmatively furthering fair housing means taking meaningfulactions that, when taken together:• Address significant disparities in housing needs and access to opportunities• Replace segregated living patterns with truly integrated and balanced living patterns• Transform racially and ethnically concentrated areas of poverty into areas of opportunity• Foster and maintain compliance with civil rights and fair housing lawsTo attain the goal of affirmatively furthering fair housing, HUD requires jurisdictions to engage in fairhousing planning by: 1. Conducting and updating their Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice (AI)2. Developing appropriate actions to overcome the effects of the identified impediments3. Developing a system for recordkeeping and monitoring activities undertaken to reduce or overcomethe identified impedimentsThe AI reflects an expanded community engagement process that includes residents and communitieswho are members of the protected classes and those who are not members of the protected classesyet face housing challenges. The voices and concerns of seniors, youth, and people experiencinghomelessness were part of developing recommendations that can impact their opportunities for fairhousing choices as residents in Fairfield.In addition, the City not only reviewed and analyzed its efforts to affirmatively further fair housing, butalso addressed illegal discrimination by recommending that the City continue to identify resources tocreate affordable housing rental and homeownership housing for those households that have beendirectly affected by historic housing inequities and discrimination.In April 2017, the City entered into a Voluntary Compliance Agreement (VCA) with HUD to addresscomponents of noncompliance with the 2010 AI. The City hired a consultant and completed anextensive analysis of needs within the city. The analysis included multiple opportunities for communityfeedback and input. The analysis was completed, and the impediments to the city were identified. TheCity submitted the final AI to HUD and the other needed components of the VCA. On January 11, 2022,the City received approval from HUD indicating that the AI met the requirements to affirmatively furtherfair housing and that the City had submitted all of the deliverables and reports necessary to meet therequirements under the VCA.To affirmatively further fair housing, a community must work to remove impediments to fair housingchoice. Through its analysis, the city identified several impediments and actions that it will need toovercome during fiscal year (FY) 202227. The impediments and actions to address thoseimpediments are as follows:1. Residential segregation2. Insufficient affordable housing3. Institutional Barriers4. Pandemic increased housing stability5. Lack of knowledge about fair housing rightsCitizen Participation Plan (CCP)As a jurisdiction that receives federal funds from HUD, the City must have a CPP. The CPP sets forththe policies and procedures for the public's participation throughout the Consolidated Planningprocess. The Consolidated Plan is the fiveyear spending plan for the CDBG program. The CPP mustfacilitate the public's participation through the Consolidated Plan's initial development, the substantialamendment process, and the annual performance report. CPP regulations require grantees to activelyencourage widespread citizen participation, with an emphasis on efforts to encourage participationfrom the following populations:• Lowand moderateincome persons • Residents of slums, blighted areas, and predominately lowand moderateincome areas • NonEnglishspeaking persons
• Persons with disabilities
The City's current CPP consists of the following broad elements:

1. A description of the public participation process, including public hearings and public comment periods

2. Explanation of the opportunities for involvement of affected persons and other concerned citizens in the planning process

3. Clarity on how the planning process works and how residents can access the draft plan

4. Instructions to guide the ' 'submission of comments and the standards for the grantee’s response

5. Procedures for continuity of participation throughout all stages of the Plan's development

6. Timing for noticing hearings, and public comment periods The City last amended its CPP in December 2020 to include HUD waiver language as it relates to the COVID19 Pandemic. Since then, several changes were incorporated to the federal regulations governing the CPP. Therefore, the CPP must be updated to align with current requirements.

FINANCIAL IMPACT
N/A
PUBLIC CONTACT/ADVISORY BODY RECOMMENDATION
Housing Choice Survey
Quality of Life Survey
Public Notice
Two public meetings
30Day Public Comment Period
ALTERNATIVE ACTION
The City Council may choose not to adopt the resolution for the Analysis of Impediments and the CPP; however, doing so would cause the City to be out of compliance with HUD regulations.

STAFF CONTACT
LaTanya Terrones, Sr. Management Analyst
(707) 4287454
[email protected]
COORDINATED WITH
Community Development Department
ATTACHMENTS:

Description
Proposed Resolution Analysis of Impediments
Proposed Resolution Citizen Participation Plan
Draft Analysis of Impediments
Draft CPP
REVIEWERS:

Packet Page 99 of 1243

Agenda Item No: 6.AGENDA REPORTDATE:July 5, 2022 TO:Mayor and City CouncilFROM:David Gassaway, Interim City ManagerSUBJECT:Resolution No. 2022147 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving the City ofFairfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing ChoiceResolution No. 2022148 of the City Council of the City of Fairfield Approving theAmendments to the City of Fairfield Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)Program Citizen Participation Plan (CPP)RECOMMENDED ACTIONAdopt resolutions.STATEMENT OF ISSUECity of Fairfield (City) staff has analyzed the impediments to Fair Housing and outlined those that theCity will address over the next five years. The City must review and amend its Citizen Participation Plan(CPP) as part of the Consolidated Plan process to ensure that the CPP is in line with the requirementsof the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).DISCUSSIONHUD requires jurisdictions receiving federal grant funds for housing and community development tocertify that they are taking actions to Affirmatively Further Fair Housing (AFFH). The City receivesfederal grant funds from HUD for the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program, whichprovides funding for housing, community facilities, and public services for low and moderateincomehouseholds. Under the CDBG program, the City must certify that it is taking actions and documentingthose actions that affirmatively further fair housing. HUD defines affirmatively furthering fair housing as"taking meaningful actions, in addition to combating discrimination, that overcomes segregationpatterns and fosters inclusive communities free from barriers that restrict access to opportunities basedon protected characteristics." Specifically, affirmatively furthering fair housing means taking meaningfulactions that, when taken together:• Address significant disparities in housing needs and access to opportunities• Replace segregated living patterns with truly integrated and balanced living patterns• Transform racially and ethnically concentrated areas of poverty into areas of opportunity• Foster and maintain compliance with civil rights and fair housing lawsTo attain the goal of affirmatively furthering fair housing, HUD requires jurisdictions to engage in fairhousing planning by: 1. Conducting and updating their Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice (AI)2. Developing appropriate actions to overcome the effects of the identified impediments3. Developing a system for recordkeeping and monitoring activities undertaken to reduce or overcomethe identified impedimentsThe AI reflects an expanded community engagement process that includes residents and communitieswho are members of the protected classes and those who are not members of the protected classesyet face housing challenges. The voices and concerns of seniors, youth, and people experiencinghomelessness were part of developing recommendations that can impact their opportunities for fairhousing choices as residents in Fairfield.In addition, the City not only reviewed and analyzed its efforts to affirmatively further fair housing, butalso addressed illegal discrimination by recommending that the City continue to identify resources tocreate affordable housing rental and homeownership housing for those households that have beendirectly affected by historic housing inequities and discrimination.In April 2017, the City entered into a Voluntary Compliance Agreement (VCA) with HUD to addresscomponents of noncompliance with the 2010 AI. The City hired a consultant and completed anextensive analysis of needs within the city. The analysis included multiple opportunities for communityfeedback and input. The analysis was completed, and the impediments to the city were identified. TheCity submitted the final AI to HUD and the other needed components of the VCA. On January 11, 2022,the City received approval from HUD indicating that the AI met the requirements to affirmatively furtherfair housing and that the City had submitted all of the deliverables and reports necessary to meet therequirements under the VCA.To affirmatively further fair housing, a community must work to remove impediments to fair housingchoice. Through its analysis, the city identified several impediments and actions that it will need toovercome during fiscal year (FY) 202227. The impediments and actions to address thoseimpediments are as follows:1. Residential segregation2. Insufficient affordable housing3. Institutional Barriers4. Pandemic increased housing stability5. Lack of knowledge about fair housing rightsCitizen Participation Plan (CCP)As a jurisdiction that receives federal funds from HUD, the City must have a CPP. The CPP sets forththe policies and procedures for the public's participation throughout the Consolidated Planningprocess. The Consolidated Plan is the fiveyear spending plan for the CDBG program. The CPP mustfacilitate the public's participation through the Consolidated Plan's initial development, the substantialamendment process, and the annual performance report. CPP regulations require grantees to activelyencourage widespread citizen participation, with an emphasis on efforts to encourage participationfrom the following populations:• Lowand moderateincome persons• Residents of slums, blighted areas, and predominately lowand moderateincome areas• NonEnglishspeaking persons• Persons with disabilitiesThe City's current CPP consists of the following broad elements:1. A description of the public participation process, including public hearings and public commentperiods2. Explanation of the opportunities for involvement of affected persons and other concerned citizens inthe planning process3. Clarity on how the planning process works and how residents can access the draft plan4. Instructions to guide the ' 'submission of comments and the standards for the grantee’s response5. Procedures for continuity of participation throughout all stages of the Plan's development6. Timing for noticing hearings, and public comment periodsThe City last amended its CPP in December 2020 to include HUD waiver language as it relates to theCOVID19 Pandemic. Since then, several changes were incorporated to the federal regulationsgoverning the CPP. Therefore, the CPP must be updated to align with current requirements. FINANCIAL IMPACTN/APUBLIC CONTACT/ADVISORY BODY RECOMMENDATIONHousing Choice SurveyQuality of Life SurveyPublic NoticeTwo public meetings30Day Public Comment PeriodALTERNATIVE ACTIONThe City Council may choose not to adopt the resolution for the Analysis of Impediments and the CPP;however, doing so would cause the City to be out of compliance with HUD regulations.STAFF CONTACTLaTanya Terrones, Sr. Management Analyst(707) 428[email protected] WITHCommunity Development DepartmentATTACHMENTS:DescriptionProposed Resolution Analysis of ImpedimentsProposed Resolution Citizen Participation PlanDraft Analysis of Impediments Draft CPP
REVIEWERS:

Reviewer Action Date
Jones, LaTanna Approved 6/20/2022 6:43 PM
MayaGuerrero, Iris Approved 6/20/2022 6:51 PM
MayaGuerrero, Iris Approved 6/20/2022 6:53 PM
Beavers, Esther Approved 6/20/2022 6:58 PM
Beavers, Esther Approved 6/20/2022 6:59 PM
Packet Page 100 of 1243

CITY OF FAIRFIELD

RESOLUTION NO. 2022-147

RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAIRFIELD APPROVING THE CITY OF

FAIRFIELD ANALYSIS OF IMPEDIMENTS TO FAIR HOUSING CHOICE

WHEREAS, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) requires the development of an analysis of impediments to fair housing; and

WHEREAS, HUD requires Entitlement cities to address any identified impediments to further fair housing; and

WHEREAS, as part of the Consolidated Plan process, HUD requires jurisdictions to complete a certification to affirmatively further fair housing; and

WHEREAS, the City must conduct an update to the Analysis of Impediments during the time it updates its Consolidated Plan; and

WHEREAS, The Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice will run concurrently with the Consolidated Plan for fiscal year (FY) 2022-27; and

WHEREAS, HUD has reviewed and approved the FY 2022-27 City of Fairfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice; and

WHEREAS, The Analysis of Impediments was published for a 30-day period on May 27, 2022, thru June 27, 2022, seeking public comment.

NOW, THEREFORE, THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAIRFIELD HEREBY RESOLVES:

Section 1. The completion and approval of the City of Fairfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice for FY 2022-27.

Packet Page 101 of 1243Attachment 1 Page 1 of 2

RES. NO. 2022-147

Page 2 ends

PASSED AND ADOPTED this 5th day of July, 2022, by the following vote:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS: PRICE / BERTANI / MOY / PANDURO / TIMM / TONNESEN / VACCARO

NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:

MAYOR

ATTEST:

____________________________

CITY CLERK

Packet Page 102 of 1243Attachment 1 Page 2 of 2

CITY OF FAIRFIELD

RESOLUTION NO. 2022-148

RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAIRFIELD APPROVING THE

AMENDMENTS TO THE CITY OF FAIRFIELD COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BLOCK GRANT (CDBG)

PROGRAM CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN (CPP)

WHEREAS, the City of Fairfield is an Entitlement City as established by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD); and

WHEREAS, HUD requires jurisdictions to encourage citizen participation in the development of the Consolidated Plan, Annual Action Plan and the Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation Report; and

WHEREAS, the Citizen Participation Plan outlines the City’s plan to address citizen participation in the development of its plans; and

WHEREAS, the amended Citizen Participation Plan was published on May 27, 2022, for 30-day public comment.

NOW, THEREFORE, THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAIRFIELD HEREBY RESOLVES:

Section 1. The Amended Citizen Participation Plan is approved.

PASSED AND ADOPTED this 5th day of July, 2022, by the following vote:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS: PRICE / BERTANI / MOY / PANDURO / TIMM / TONNESEN / VACCARO

NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:

MAYOR

ATTEST:

____________________________

CITY CLERK
Packet Page 103 of 1243Attachment 2 Page 1 of 1

DRAFT

ANALYSIS OF IMPEDIMENTS TO

FAIR HOUSING CHOICE
for the
FY 2022-27 Consolidated Plan Period

City Manager’s Office
1000 Webster Street
Fairfield, CA 94533

Packet Page 104 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 1 of 214

For assistance or questions, please contact:

LaTanya R. Terrones, MBA
Senior Management Analyst
Housing Services Department
City of Fairfield
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: 707-428 -7454
Mailing Address: City of Fairfield CDBG, 1000 Webster St., Fairfield, CA 94533 City website: https://www.fairfield.ca.gov/
CDBG website:
https://www.fairfield.ca.gov/gov/depts/cd/affordable/community_development_block_grant_ (cdbg)_program.asp

In accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and California Law, it is the policy of the City of Fairfield to offer documents in a manner that is readily accessible to everyone, including individuals with disabilities and Limited English Proficiency. If you are a person with a disability and require information or materials in an appropriate alternative format, or if you require any other accommodation or language assistance, please contact La Tanya Terrones, Management Analysis Senior for the Housing Services Department, by telephone at (707) 428-7454 or by email at [email protected]. Hearing impaired individuals may call the California Relay Service at (800) 735-2929 or TDD (707) 399-5623 for assistance.

Packet Page 105 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 2 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page i of 86 Table of Contents

1. AFFIRMATIVELY FURTHERING FAIR HOUSING ................................................................ 1

2. DEFINITIONS AND DATA SOURCES ................................................................................ 3 Definitions ........................................................................................................................ 3 Data Sources ..................................................................................................................... 4

3. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION PROCESS ......................................................................... 6

4. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE ........................................................................................... 8 Data .................................................................................................................................. 8 Community Characteristics .............................................................................................. 8 Population ........................................................................................................................ 9 Sex and Age ...................................................................................................................... 9 Households .................................................................................................................... 11 Household/Family Size ............................................................................................. 11 Large Households ..................................................................................................... 11 Single-Parent Households – Female and Male .......................................................... 12 Veterans ......................................................................................................................... 12 Race/Ethnicity ................................................................................................................ 14 Racially and Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty (R/ECAP) ............................... 16 Characteristics of the R/ECAP Area 2526.07 .............................................................. 22 Income Data ................................................................................................................... 22 Poverty ........................................................................................................................... 25 Language and National Origin ........................................................................................ 28 Special Needs Populations – Non-Homeless (Special Populations) ................................... 29 People With Disabilities ............................................................................................ 31 Elderly and Frail Elderly ............................................................................................. 37 Education & Employment ............................................................................................... 38 Employment ................................................................................................................... 41 Lower Income Census Tracts and Block Groups ............................................................ 42 Defining “Low Income” ............................................................................................ 42 Census Tracts and Block Groups .............................................................................. 44 Areas of Minority Concentration .................................................................................... 47 Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic ....................................................................................... 52 COVID-19 Job Impacts .............................................................................................. 52 Recovery and Resilience ........................................................................................... 52 Key Highlights from the 2020 Index Our Changing Economy .................................. 53 Changing Community ............................................................................................... 54 Considerations for the Future .................................................................................. 54 City of Fairfield Responses to COVID Pandemic ....................................................... 55

5. HOUSING .................................................................................................................... 57 Housing Profile ............................................................................................................... 57 Age of Housing Stock ................................................................................................ 59 Packet Page 106 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 3 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page ii of 86 Overcrowding ........................................................................................................... 59 Housing Cost ............................................................................................................ 60

6. LENDING PRACTICES ................................................................................................... 62 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) Data ............................................................... 62 2020 HMDA Data for Fairfield ................................................................................. 63

7. LAWS, POLICIES AND FURTHERING FAIR HOUSING ....................................................... 70 Federal Fair Housing Laws and Executive Orders ............................................................ 70 State Laws ...................................................................................................................... 73 Private Sector PRACTICES .............................................................................................. 79 Real Estate Sales Practices in the State of California ............................................... 79 Rental and Property Management .......................................................................... 80

8. GOVERNMENT BARRIERS TO FAIR HOUSING CHOICE .................................................... 82 Land Use Policies and Practices ..................................................................................... 83 Fairfield General Plan ............................................................................................... 83 Specific Plans ............................................................................................................ 84 Zoning Ordinance ..................................................................................................... 85 Fairfield Density Bonus Options ............................................................................... 85 Special Needs Housing .................................................................................................... 86 Community Care Facilities .......................................................................................... 86 Emergency Shelters .................................................................................................. 86 Transitional Housing ................................................................................................. 87 Building Codes, Accessibility, and ADA Compliance ....................................................... 87 Resources and Incentives for Affordable Housing ......................................................... 89 Assisted Housing Projects ........................................................................................ 89

9. FAIRFIELD’S HOUSING ELEMENT POLICIES & PROGRAMS ............................................. 81

10. FAIR HOUSING ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................... 83 Fair Housing Advocates of Northern California (FHANC) ................................................ 83 Fair Housing Audits of City of Fairfield/Solano County ............................................ 83 2010 Analysis of Impediments ....................................................................................... 84 Impediment 1: Residential segregation by race, ethnicity, or income .................... 84 Impediment 2: Concentration of subsidized housing ............................................... 85 Impediment 3: High number of foreclosures negatively affecting the quality of residential neighborhoods ....................................................................................... 85 Impediment 4: Reduce administrative barriers to affordable housing .................... 86 Impediment 5: Negative financial and social influences on fair housing activity.... 89 Impediment 6: Discriminatory lending practices ..................................................... 89 Other Actions to Affirmatively Further Fair Housing ..................................................... 90 Annual Action Plans ................................................................................................. 90 Annual Performance Reports (CAPERs) ................................................................... 90

11. IMPEDIMENTS AND ACTIONS TO OVERCOME FOR FY 2022-27..................................... 92 Impediment #1. Residential Segregation .............................................................................. 92 Packet Page 107 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 4 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page iii of 86 Impediment #2. Insufficient Affordable Housing ................................................................... 93 Impediment #3. Institutional Barriers .................................................................................... 96 Impediment #4. Pandemic Increased Housing Instability ..................................................... 98 Impediment #5. Lack of Knowledge About Fair Housing Rights ............................................ 99 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................... 103 Appendix 1. Housing Choice Survey ..................................................................................... 104 Appendix 2. Quality of Life Survey ....................................................................................... 157 Appendix 3. Outreach List for Public Meetings ................................................................... 186 Appendix 4. Outreach and Advertisements for Public Meetings ........................................ 189 Appendix 5. Public Meeting Participants and Comments ................................................... 194 Appendix 6. Housing Element Programs ............................................................................. 201

Packet Page 108 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 5 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 1 of 199

1. AFFIRMATIVELY FU RTHERING FAIR HOUSIN G
Equal access to housing choice is crucial to America’s commitment to equality and opportunity for all. Title VIII of the United States Civil Rights Act of 1968, more commonly known as the Fair Housing Act, provides housing opportunities by prohibiting discrimination in the sale or rental of housing based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. The Act was amended in 1988 to provide stiffer penalties, establish an administrative enforcement mechanism, and expand its coverage to prohibit discrimination based on familial status and disability.

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), specifically HUD’s Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO), administers and enforces the Fair Housing Act and other civil rights laws. Affirmatively furthering fair housing (AFFH) is a basic, long-standing component of HUD’s Community Planning and Development programs. The AFFH requirements derived from Section 808(e)(5) of the Fair Housing Act, which requires the HUD Secretary to administer HUD’s Housing and Urban Development programs in a manner to Affirmatively Further Fair Housing (AFFH).1

In 2015, HUD published a final rule on Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing that outlined procedures HUD-funded jurisdictions and public housing authorities were to take to promote access to fair housing and equal opportunity. This rule stipulated that HUD grantees and housing authorities take meaningful actions to overcome segregation patterns. They alsofoster inclusive communities free from barriers that restrict access to opportunity for protected classes (race, color, national origin or ancestry, sex, religion, familial status, and mental and physical disability). Under HUD’s final rule, grantees must take actions to:
 Address disparities in housing need;
 Replace segregated living patterns with integrated and balanced living patterns;  Transform racially and ethnically concentrated areas of poverty into areas of opportunity; and
 Foster and maintain compliance with civil rights and fair housing laws.

To assist grantees and housing authorities affirmatively further fair housing, HUD provided publicly-available data, maps, and an assessment tool to evaluate the state of fair housing within their communities so that they could set locally-determined priorities and goals.

HUD’s final rule mandated that most grantees begin submitting to HUD an as sessment

1 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity. Fair Housing Planning Guide:

Volume 1 (Chapter 1: Fair Housing Planning Historical Overview, Page 13). March 1996.

Packet Page 109 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 6 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 2 of 199 developed using these tools in 2017; however, in 2018, the HUD Secretary issued a Notice that extended the deadline for undertaking the new AFFH process until at least October 2020. The Notice further required grantees prepare and keepa current “Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice” (AI) on file. Therefore, this AI follows the requirements in HUD’s updated Fair Housing Planning Guide and incorporates the maps and data developed by HUD for use by grantees as part of the Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing final rule.

In an AI, local communities that receive HUD grant funds must evaluate barriers to fair housing choice and develop and implement strategies and actions to overcome any identified impediments. Through this process, grantees promote fair housing choices for all persons, including classes protected under the Fair Housing Act, and:
 Provide opportunities for racially and ethnically inclusive patterns of housing occupancy;
 Identify structural and systemic barriers to fair housing choice; and  Promote housing that is physically accessible and usable by persons with disabilities.

HUD will presume that the grantee is meeting its obligation and certification to affirmatively further fair housing by taking actions that address the impediments, including:
 Analyzing and eliminating housing discrimination within the jurisdiction;  Promoting fair housing choice for all persons;
 Providing opportunities for racially and ethnically inclusive patterns of housing occupancy;
 Promoting housing that is physically accessible to all persons to include those persons with disabilities; and
 Fostering compliance with the nondiscrimination provisions of the Fair Housing Act.

HUD requires Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program grantees to document AFFH actions in their annual performance report (the CAPER) submitted to HUD.

Packet Page 110 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 7 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 3 of 199

2. DEFINITIONS AND DATA SOURCES

DEFINITIONS
ABAG – Association of Bay Area Governments for the nine county San Francisco Bay Area, including Solano County where Fairfield is located.

Affirmatively Further Fair Housing – HUD’s Affirmatively Further Fair Housing (AFFH) choice regulation was developed to comply with “the 1968 Fair Housing Act’s obligation for state and local governments to improve and achieve more meaningful outcomes from fair housing policies, so that every American has the right to fair housing, regardless of their race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability or familial status.”2

Fair Housing Choice - The ability of persons of similar income levels to have available to them the same housing choices regardless of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, familial status, or disability.

Affordable – The definition used throughout this analysis is HUD’s definition. Housing is "affordable" if it costs no more than 30% of a household's total monthly gross income. For rental housing, the 30% amount includes any tenant-paid utility costs. For homeowners, the 30% amount includes the monthly mortgage payment, property taxes, homeowner insurance, and any condo or association fees.

Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – The HUD Fair Housing Planning Guide says that impediments to fair housing choice include: any actions, omissions, or decisions taken because of race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status, or national origin, which restrict housing choices or the availability of housing choices; and any actions, omissions, or decisions which have the effect of restricting housing choices or the availability of housing choices on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status, or national origin.

Protected Classes – The following definition of federally protected classes is used in this document. Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 prohibits housing discrimination based on race, color, national origin or ancestry, sex, or religion. The 1988 Fair Housing Amendments Act added familial status and mental and physical disability as protected classes. (Please note that the State of California has additional classes protected from

2 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. “HUD Publishes New Proposed Rule on Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing Choice.” Press Release No. 13-110. July 19, 2013.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 4 of 199 discrimination: sex (including pregnancy, childbirth, and related medical conditions); genetic information; marital status; sexual orientation; gender identity and gender expression; AIDS/HIV; medical condition; political activities or affiliations; military or veteran status; and status as a victim of domestic violence, assault, or stalking.) While this AI focuses on the federal protected classes, all identified barriers to housing choice will be included.

R/ECAP - Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty -- identifies the geographic area(s) where racial/ethnic groups experience the highest levels of segregation.

Heart of Fairfield Plan – a formal Plan adopted by the City Council in May 2017 to revitalize and transform the downtown area of Fairfield. This Plan includes specific areas also targeted within the City’s Neighborhood Revitalization Initiative and includes incentives for businesses and property owners to improve building facades, signage, and rehabilitation of their property.
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DATA SOURCES
The following data sources were used in preparing this AI:
 American Community Survey (ACS) – The American Community Survey is an ongoing statistical survey that samples a small percentage of the U.S. population every year, thus providing communities with more current population and housing data throughout the ten years between censuses. This approach trades the accuracy of the Decennial Census Data for the relative immediacy of continuously polled data from every year. ACS data is compiled from an annual sample of approximately three million addresses rather than an actual count (such as the Decennial Census’s SF -1 data) and therefore is susceptible to sampling errors. This data is released in two different formats: single-year estimates and multi-year estimates.  ACS Multi-Year Estimates – More current than Census 2010 data, this dataset is most frequently used. Because sampling error is reduced when estimates are collected over a longer period of time, 5-year estimates will be more accurate (but less recent) than 1-year estimates. All maps are based on the multi- year ACS estimates unless otherwise noted. The most current available period (2013-2017) was utilized whenever possible. Occasionally, the single year 2018 was used in this report when it was appropriate.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 5 of 199  Community Planning Development (CPD) Maps — CPD Maps offers a large amount of data in a way that is easy to access. The website allows grantees and the general public to search, query, and display information to identify trends and analyze the needs of their community. In addition to updated U.S. Census data, CPD Maps includes data sets that highlight the accomplishments and results of HUD programs by displaying Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), HOME Investment Partnerships Program (HOME), and other HUD-funded community assets.  HUD-eGIS Open Data Storefront – provides a one-stop-shop where users can search for and discover HUD’s geospatial datasets, web-based mapping tools, and application programming interfaces. Two of the HUD’s enterprise applications in the Storefront have been used to develop this AI: CPD Maps and the AFFH-T (Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing Data and Mapping Tool) map, which assists communities to set local fair housing priorities and goals.  US Census (2010 and 2000 Census Summary File 1 (SF-1) and, where appropriate, the 1990 Census Summary File) – This dataset contains what is known as “100% data,” meaning that it contains the data collected from every household that particip ated in the Census and is not based on a representative sample of the population. Though this dataset is very broad in terms of coverage of the total population, it is limited in the depth of the information collected. Basic characteristics such as age, sex, and race are collected, but not more detailed information such as disability status, occupation, and income. The statistics are available for a variety of geographic levels, with most tables obtainable down to the census tract or block group level.  City of Fairfield Language Access Plan (LAP) – in 2021, the City conducted an extensive analysis to determine the demographic profile of Fairfield. The analysis included an assessment of the population’s primary language. Based on that analysis, the City created a LAP to ensure equal access and delivery of information for all Fairfield residents, no matter their proficiency in English.

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3. COMMUNITY PARTICIPA TION PROCESS
Utilizing the City’s Community Outreach Plan, the following expresses the methods utilized to ensure all Fairfield residents, including non-English speaking residents and those with disabilities, were made aware of the City’s request to gather community input on residents’ experiences with Fair Housing Choice in Fairfield.

City staff conducted outreach at public events from January 2019 – to March 2019 and received 43 responses to a Fair Housing Survey. In addition, the City published a public notice in the Daily Republic (local newspaper) on September 18, 2019, announcing the intent of the AI process. Information was placed on two City Facebook pages, two Instagram sites, Twitter, NextDoor, TV Channel 26, and the City’s website. The announcement was also sent to a list- serve of 112 social service agencies and stakeholders. The public notice encouraged residents to fill out a Fair Housing Choice survey to share their housing experiences and barriers they or others had faced in obtaining the housing they wanted and needed. A second notice, utilizing the same tools as described above, was subsequently sent out notifying the residents of meetings the City held to obtain public input.

A total of 314 responded to the Fair Housing Choice surveys. People reported concerns about increased crime in their neighborhoods. While approximately 40% of respondents reported that they were somewhat familiar with Fair Housing laws, 67% did not know where to go to report a fair housing complaint. About 50% of the respondents reported paying more than 30% of their income for housing. 86% reported that they had never been discriminated against. 64% of the respondents were female; 47% reported household incomes of $93,500 and above; 22% reported they were people with a disability. In terms of racial/Hispanic origin, 48% were White; 18% were African American; 11% were Hispanic; 9.27% Asian; and 13% identified as “other.” The majority of people taking the survey were between the ages of 35-

64. In terms of race, this sample was somewhat reflective of Fairfield’s demographics.

However, the percentage of people of Hispanic origin taking the survey was less than half of the percentage in Fairfield listed in the 2017 American Community Survey. 60% have lived in Fairfield for ten years or more.

TABLE 1 depicts the barriers to Housing Choice that people taking the survey experience. (Please note: all of the survey responses can be found in Appendix 1. Housing Choice Survey.) Packet Page 114 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 11 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 7 of 199 Table 1. Barriers to Housing Choice You Have Experienced or Seen

Approximately 30 people attended the public meeting held at the Fairfield Community Center (an accessible location). Their concerns focused on the lack of accessible housing for people with disabilities, the lack of affordable housing for all household types and the stereotypes and lack of understanding people with disabilities faced when seeking housing or having other housing problems. A list of attendees and comments from this and other public meetings can be found in Appendix 5. Public Meeting Participants and Comments.

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4. SOCIO -ECONOMIC PROFILE
DATA
Data utilized in this report cover various time periods, including the 2000 and 2010 census and the 2011 and 2019 ACS, to utilize the most recent available data.

MAP 1 – The Nine County SF Bay Area Showing Location of Fairfield

COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS
Founded in 1856, Fairfield is the county seat of Solano County, California, in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area (MAP 1). The City was incorporated in 1905 as a General Law city. Fairfield is home to Travis Air Force Base (AFB), located three miles east of the central business district of Fairfield. Travis AFB has had a major impact on the community since a number of military families and retirees have chosen to make Fairfield their permanent home.

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POPULATION
In 2010, the City had a population of 105,321 (U.S. Census). The 2015-2019 ACS (2019 ACS) estimates the City’s population to be117,136. The City experienced an average annual growth rate of 0.95% between the years 2000 to 2010 and about a 1.24% annual growth rate between 2010 and 2019.

According to the County CA Department of Finance, the City’s population is approximately one - quarter of the total population of Solano. Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) Projections 2013 projects that the City will experience a population increase of 12% percent between 2010 and 2020, growing to 117,920 (an annual growth rate of 1.2%). ABAG estimates that the population will continue to increase during the following decade, with the population ultimately reaching 142,800 in 2040. Solano County is the most affordable county in the Bay Area. A primary reason for this projected growth is households’ search for more affordable housing and the amount of available, developable land in Fairfield. In addition, Fairfield is generally considered the midpoint between San Francisco and Sacramento, approximately 40 miles from the center of both cities. Fairfield may provide an affordable compromise location for two wage-earner households with jobs in each direction.

SEX AND AGE
According to the 2019 ACS, the City’s population is 49.1% male and 50.9% female. This ratio is consistent with 2000 and 2010 census data. TABLE 2 depicts data on the sex and age of Fairfield residents. As can be seen below, the median age has risen since 2000. Age data from 2010 shows almost every age category as about 7.5% of the overall population. However, when the 2010 and 2019 data are compared, 2017 data shows that children are a smaller percentage of the overall population under 20 years old, and people whose ages are 65+ are a larger percentage than in 2010. This is the likely reason for the slight increase in median age.

Table 2 - Change in Median Age
Year Median Age Rate of Change
2000 31.1 N/A
2010 33.7 8.4%
2017 34.8 3%
2019 35.3 1.4%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 10 of 199 The change in the percentage of the
population under 18 is shown to the
right (TABLE 3). From 2000 to
2019, the percentage of the
population under 18 has decreased.

In the United States, the population
under 18 in 2019 was 22.3%, as
reported by Child Trends. In California,
it was 23% per Census Reporter,
California Demographics. Fairfield’s
percentage of the population under
18 was 24.1%, higher than those
percentages. Thus, there are more
children in the city than the national
and state averages. TABLE 4 to the
left shows Fairfield’s population by
age and sex. The proportion of male
and female residents is consistent
with the data from 2000, 2010, and
2019.

Although the difference between females
and males is about 2.8% overall, the
difference between females and males
over age 65 has grown to 13%, shown in
TABLE 5 to the right.

Table 3 - Percent of Population Under 18
Year % Population below 18
years old
% Rate of Change
2000 29.8% N/A
2010 27% -9.3%
2017 25.4% -6.2%
2019 24.1% -1.07%
Table 4 - 2019 ACS Population by Age and Sex
(Median Age = 35.3 Yrs.)
Subject Estimate Percent
Total population 117,136
Male 56,959 48.6%
Female 60,177 51.4%
Under 5 yrs 8,260 7.1%
5 - 9 years 6,844 5.8%
10 - 14 years 8,526 7.3%
15 - 19 years 7,394 6.30%
20 - 24 years 7,592 6.50%
25 - 34 years 19,505 16.7%
35 - 44 years 16,587 14.2%
45 - 54 years 14,555 12.4%
55 - 59 years 6,223 5.3%
60 - 64 years 6,411 5.50%
65 - 74 years 9,406 8.0%
75 - 84 years 3,721 3.20%
85 years + 2,112 1.8%
Table 5 - Highlight of Differences between
Male and Female Population Over 65 yrs
Subject Estimate Percent
18 Years and over 88,851
Male 43,736 49.2%
Female 45,115 50.8%
65 years and over 15,239
Male 7152 46.9%
Female 8,087 53.1%
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HOUSEHOLD S
Another element that is consistent across time periods is that the city’s population consists primarily of family households. The 2000 Census showed family households as 74.9% of all households, and the 2019 ACS data show approximately 74.7% of households as family households. The increase in the number of family households (from 24,015 to 27,864 over this period) can be ascribed to the increase in construction of single-family housing and the search for housing in a more affordable location than in the other Bay Area counties. The rate of increase in the number of family households (16.0%) is slightly higher than the 17.3% rate of increase for the total population.

Household/Family Size
The 2000 census lists the average household (HH) size as 2.98 persons and the average family size as 3.42 persons. The difference between household and family size is that households include single individuals and unrelated people living together. The average family size has risen over time. The 2019 ACS computes the average household size as 3.10 persons; however, the married couple family household size is 3.59; the male householder’s (with no wife present) family household size is2.96; and the female householder’s (with no husband present) family household size is 3.70. The average household size of 3.10 is lower than the sizes of these family households because the City’s non-family household size is 1.43.

Large Households
Large households are those with five or more
individuals. The percentage of large households
as a percentage of Fairfield households has
increased from 2010 to 2019 (TABLE 6).

Large households are composed of owner and tenant households. The ACS data for 2019 shows that the percentage of 5+ owner households has decreased since 2010. The percentage of 5+ tenant households has increased since 2010. The special need of tenant households is for housing of sufficient size and number of bedrooms to prevent overcrowding. In the Housing chapter, we will see whether appropriate housing is available for these families.

Table 6 – Percent Increase in Large
Households
2010 2019
# 5+ HHs 5,174 5,090
% of 5+ HHs 15.00% 13.6%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 12 of 199 Single-Parent Households – Female and Male
There is now data available on single male households with children. The 2000 census (SF-1 demographic characteristics) does not contain the category of single male householders, and there does not appear to be data collected by the Census Bureau on single-male households before 2010. Between 2010 and 2019, the percentage of single-male households remained roughly the same, while female-headed and non-family households declined by a couple of percentage points. There are approximately three times as many female-headed households with children under 18 as the comparable male-headed households with no wife present. The percentage of married-couple households increased slightly over this period of time.

Census demographic data on families in poverty appears to focus only on female-headed households. According to the 2019 ACS, 23.8% of female-headed households had income that was below the poverty level. This compares to 21.1% in 2010. Only 3.8% of married-couple households had incomes below the poverty level during the same periods.

However, when we look at
data (TABLE 7) on households
with Supplemental Security
Income (SSI), cash public
assistance income, or Food
Stamps/SNAP in the past 12
months, we see that in 2010,
only 9.4% of male-headed
households received some
type of assistance. In 2019, it
decreased to 5.6% of the
male-headed households with
children under 18 years of age
received some type of
assistance. Female-headed
households with children
under 18 were at 44.9% in
2010 and increased to 70.9%
in 2019.

VETERANS
Table 7 – Households Receiving Some Type of
Supplemental Income Assistance
2010 2019
Total: 29,182 28,285
Living in a household with supplemental 4,779 4,286
In family households: 4,634 4,286
In married-couple family 2,036 1004
In male-householder, no wife present 451 240
In female householder, no husband 2,147 3,042
In non-family households 145 0
Living in a household with no Supplemental 24,403 23,999 In family households: 24,145 23,999
In married-couple family 17,639 16,059
In male-householder, no wife present 1,908 2,195
In female householder, no husband 4,598 5,745
In non-family households 258 0
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 13 of 199 Veterans are a significant population in Fairfield due to Travis AFB and its medical facilities.

The 2019 ACS estimates that 7,648 veterans are living in Fairfield. Military employees at Travis AFB are listed as a special population in the City’s Housing Element. Travis personnel vary significantly in income, the permanence of tenure, and other factors. In 2010, female veterans’ median income was 57% of their male counterparts; in 2017, it was approximately 87%. This increase is likely due to the change in the roles of females in the military and the classifications open to them. TABLE 8 provides detailed characteristics of veterans in Fairfield.

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RACE/ETHNICITY
The 2019 ACS data has been summarized in TABLES 9 and 10 below. Approximately half of the City’s population is White. The City’s racial/Hispanic origin composition has changed over time. As can be seen from the table, people of White and Hispanic origin are the racial/ethnic populations that have increased the most between 2010 and 2019. This increase is consistent with that of many Bay Area cities.

As can be seen from MAP 2, 3, and 4, as people of color moved into Fairfield, Whites living in the City's central core moved to the north and west parts of the city.

Table 9 – Summary of 2019 ACS Race
or Hispanic Origin Population
Race or Hispanic Origin Population % of
Population
White 60,766 51.87%
Black or African American 16,993 14.50%
Asian 18,749 16.0%
Other 20,628 17.61%
Total 117,136 100%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 32,347 27.61%
Table 10 – Percentage Change
2010-2019
% Change Between
2000-2019

16.59% Hispanic

12.8%% Asian
.27%% Black

25.03%% White
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Racially and Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty (R/ECAP) This is the geographic area where racial/ethnic groups experience the highest levels of segregation or concentration. Concentration is defined as the existence of racial or ethnic minorities in a census tract at a rate of 10% or higher than the jurisdiction as a whole. As can be seen in the 1990 map above (MAP 2), per HUD’s maps, there were no R/ECAP areas in the city. MAP 2 shows one R/ECAP area, which is outside the Fairfield city limits in a relatively sparsely populated area. For 2000, HUD identified one R/ECAP area, which is census tract 2526.02. For 2010, HUD identified one R/ECAP area, but it was a different census tract, 2526.07 (MAP 5). This area is bordered by the railroad track Travis Blvd. and North Texas Street, with a much smaller triangle bordered by West Texas Street, Washington St. and the railroad track.

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So that the reader can
see where the R/ECAP
area is located within
the context of central
Fairfield, MAP 6 shows
the census tracts
located in that area.

Please note that not
all census tracts are
contiguous with city
boundaries. The
census tracts in color
have been previously
designated as
neighborhood
revitalization areas.

Map 5 – R/ECAP Area Census Tract 2526.07
Map 6 – Fairfield Census Tracts
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 22 of 199 Characteristics of the R/ECAP Area 2526.07

INCOME DATA
The 2010 median household income
in Fairfield was $68,009, down from
the 2008 median income of $75,400
(City of Fairfield, CA. Housing Element
[2014-2022] of the General Plan.)

The dip in median incomes most likely
reflects the recession of 2008-2009.

The 2019 ACS shows that Fairfield’s
median household income has just increased beyond the 2008 level to $89,693 (TABLE 14).

MAPS 7 and 8 show how household incomes are arrayed across the city. The households with the highest incomes are in the census tracts west of I-80 and north of Air Base Parkway.

Table 11 – Selected Population Characteristics
Census Tract 2526.07
Identifier Number
Tract Population 2289
Tract Minority% 56.62%
Number of Families 401
Non-Hispanic White 993
Tract Minority Population 1296
American Indian Population 0
Asian/ Pacific Islander 54
African American 414
Hispanic 606
Other/Two or More Races 224
TABLE 12. Selected Housing Characteristics
CT 2526.07
Housing Units
Total Housing Units 1194
1 to 4 Family Units 806
Median House Age (Years) 53
Owner Occupied Units 400
Renter Occupied Units 709
Vacant Units 85
TABLE 13. Selected Income Characteristics CT 2526.07
Income
Tract Income Level Low
% Below Poverty Line 34.57%
2015 Median Family Income $35,288
2019 Estimated Median Family Income $39,148
2015 Median Household Income $34,417
TABLE 14 – Comparison of the City of Fairfield
and Solano Co. Median Household Incomes
City of Fairfield Solano County
Year Income % Rate
of Change Income % Rate
of Change
2000 $51,151 N/A $54,099 N/A
2010 $68,009 33% $68,409 26%
2019 $89,693 31.8% $86,652 26.6%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 23 of 199 MAP 7- Income by Location

MAP 8 - Detail Income Map

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 24 of 199 TABLE 15 below shows the percentage of households at 30%, 50% and 80% by census tract— the dark green highlights the census tract within the R/ECAP area.

TABLE 15 – Household Incomes at 30%, 50%, and 80% HAMFI by Census Tract Census
Tract
% HH w/
Income
30% HAMFI
% HH w/
Income
50% HAMFI
% HH w/
Income 80%
HAMFI
Census
Tract
% HH w/
Income
30% HAMFI
% HH w/
Income
50% HAMFI
% HH w/
Income
80% HAMFI
252501 20 44.86 61.62 252913 3.89 6.59 17.37
252604 27.72 49.5 66.34 252610 3.88 17.96 42.72
253500 10.58 23.32 43.27 252703 9.28 20.25 41.35
252401 11.95 23.11 51.39 252707 17.18 29.14 50.92
252608 12.65 38.34 58.5 252314 4.76 17.58 29.3
252611 13.07 23.12 57.79 252402 25 36.63 56.69
252311 5.7 8.05 17.45 252915 1.21 6.88 11.74
252607 16.67 47.3 65.77 252702 17.27 24.55 42.5
252201 5.63 8.61 19.21 252315 5.49 10.99 21.98
252306 10.2 16.73 27.76 252316 7.96 14.16 29.65
252310 9.09 14.05 21.9 252317 0.47 3.06 11.53
252312 14.39 19.06 36.33 252605 21.95 37.13 65.04
252802 1.57 9.41 34.9 252606 28.13 43.12 59.63
252313 11.14 19.43 28.67 252706 1.77 9.29 27.88
252305 3.31 7.23 19.58 252801 7.83 28.31 51.2
252502 29.03 45.16 73.39 252202 2.53 5.54 19.94
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 25 of 199 TABLE 16 is useful when
thinking about incomes by
race and Hispanic origin.

Unfortunately, the ACS
does not show household
size, so it cannot be directly
compared to the CDBG
income limits.

POVERTY
The poverty rate in
Fairfield is 9.3%
indicating that 1 out of
every 11 residents lives in
poverty. The poverty
rate of the state of
California is 15.1. Fairfield has a lower than average percentage of residents below the poverty line when compared to the rest of California. In Fairfield, the percentage of the population in poverty has been relatively consistent across census and ACS periods , as shown in TABLE 17.

TABLE 18 shows the percentage of persons below the poverty level by race and Hispanic origin according to the 2019 ACS. Of the major racial groups (Whites, African Americans, Asians, and Hispanic origin), African Americans had the highest percentage (14.2%) of persons below the poverty level, and Asians had the lowest percentage (6.3%). People of Hispanic origin (of any race) were 12% below the poverty level.

TABLE 17- Individuals in Poverty 2000-2017

2000
Census
% 2010
ACS % 2017
ACS %
Individuals in
poverty 8,496 9.3% 11,206 11% 10,820 9.3%
TABLE 16. Annual Gross Income & Race/Hispanic Origin

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TABLE 18 - 2019 ACS Poverty and Race/Ethnicity Percentage Below the Poverty Total Below Poverty
Level
% Below Poverty
Level
Estimate Margin
of Error
Estimate Margin
of
Error
Estimate Margin
of Error
Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin
White alone 51,394 +/-
1,633
4,569 +/- 742 8.9% +/- 2.4
Black or African American Alone 15,676 +/-
1,077
2,589 +/- 649 16.5% +/- 3,7
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone
572 +/- 189 106 +/- 87 18.5% +/-

14.9 Asian alone 19,595 +/-

1.097
813 +/- 296 4.1% +/- 1.5
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
alone
1,714 +/- 439 114 +/- 136 6.7% +/- 7.7
Some other race alone 13,308 +/-
1,491

2.422 +/- 712 18.2% +/- 5.3
Two or more races 8,504 +/- 853 1.144 +/- 396 13.5% +/- 4.2 Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race) 32,977 +/-
1,010
4,749 +/- 943 14.4% +/- 2.8
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino 35.273 +/-
1,176
2,841 +/- 520 8.1% +/- 1.4

MAP 9 on the next page shows the location of various racial/Hispanic origin groups in Fairfield and the poverty index for various areas, according to HUD’s AFFH Maps. (Please note that the Low Poverty Index captures the depth and intensity of poverty in a given neighborhood. The index uses both family poverty rates and public assistance receipt in the form of cash welfare, such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Values are inverted, and percentile ranked nationally. The resulting values range from 0 to 100. The higher the score, the less exposure to poverty there is in a neighborhood.)

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 27 of 199 TABLE 19 shows poverty by age and gender. Poverty rates for females, in general, increase from age 16 to 75+.TABLE 18. Poverty by Age and Gender
MAP 9 - Race/Hispanic Origin and Poverty Index

TABLE 19 – Poverty by Age and Gender
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LANGUAGE AND NATIONA L ORIGIN
The City’s created a Language Access Plan (LAP) in 2021 and is based on data from the 2011- 2015 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimate. Language data was projected for 101,904, which was the population over the age of five at that time for which a language could be determined. Of the 101,904 persons, 66,539 persons (65.3%) ages five and older speak English as their only language.

The major languages are spoken by the remaining 35.7% (37,001 persons) of the City's population, and those that speak English less than "very well" a re:
 Spanish: 20% of the 101,904 reported language population (20,411 persons) o 8.2%of the101,904 reported language population (8,398 persons) speak English less than "very well."
 Tagalog: 6.3% (6,389 persons) of the 101,904 reported language population o 2.3% or 2,321 persons speak English less than "very well."

Although approximately 15 languages are spoken by Fairfield residents, all of the remaining languages have less than 1,000 speakers each. MAP 10 depicts the distribution of households that speak English less than well by language group. People whose primary language is Spanish appear to be clustered in the downtown, higher poverty census tracts; people whose primary language is Tagalog, Chinese, Korean, or other Indic languages appear to be scattered throughout the City.

MAP 11. Distribution of Households by National Origin

MAP 11 above shows the distribution of households by national origin in 2017. Please note that persons from Mexico are primarily located in the downtown census tracts with the greatest amount of poverty. Persons from the Philippines and India appear to be more evenly distributed throughout the City.

MAP 10. Distribution of Persons with Limited English Proficiency

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 29 of 199 SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS – NON-HOMELESS (SP ECIAL POPULATIONS) Certain groups may have more difficulty finding housing and may require specialized services or assistance to obtain adequate housing. Owing to their special circumstances, they are more likely to have extremely low-, very low-, or low incomes. These groups include the elderly, frail elderly, persons with disabilities, persons with or recovering from alcohol or other drug addiction, victims of domestic violence, large households, single-parent headed households (female and male), farm workers, and Travis AFB households. The City has chosen Military Employees as a special needs category in its Housing Element.

HUD Income Categories:
 Extremely low-income households are defined as households earning less than 30% of the area median income.
 Very low-income households are defined as households earning less than 50% of area median income.
 Low-income households are defined as households earning less than 80% of area median income.

TABLE 20 shows the 2021 HUD Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) income limits for the City of Fairfield. Income limits are always listed by household (HH) size and are a percent of area median income (AMI).

TABLE 20 – 2021 HUD CDBG Income Limits

Household Size Vallejo-Fairfield, CA MSA
30% AMI 50% AMI 80% AMI
1 $20,450 $34,000 $54,350
2 $23,350 $38,850 $62,100
3 $26,250 $43,700 $69,850
4 $29,150 $48,550 $77,600
5 $31,500 $52,450 $83,850
6 $33,850 $56,350 $90,050
7 $36,150 $60,250 $96,250
8 $38,500 $64,100 $102,450

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 31 of 199 People With Disabilities
In 2017, approximately 11.9% of Fairfield’s population were people with disabilities. TABLE 21 shows the percentage increase in each category between 2012 and 2017. While the civilian population of Fairfield only changed 11.6% over this time period, the number of people with a disability increased 31.68%. Although women and men were comparable as a percentage of the population as a whole, the percentage increase for men was twice that of women. Why did this increase occur? It occurred primarily for males ages 18-64. In looking at race/Hispanic origin, significantly greater increases were seen for those of Asian and Hispanic origin. This may be due to the presence of men who received a disability in the service, have been discharged, and continue to utilize the medical facilities at Travis AFB and/or enjoy living in Fairfield. The 2020 census should provide more information.

TABLE 21 – Disability Percentage Increase
2012–2017
Subject % Increase
Total civilian population 11.60%
Total civilian population w/ a disability 31.68%
SEX
Male 41.95%
Female 23.52%

RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White alone 28.04%
Black or African American 30.38%
Asian Alone 67.85%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 44.29%
AGE
18 - 64 48.72%
65+ 19.24%

HUD’s AFFH provides two maps (MAPS 11 & 12) identifying where people with disabilities live.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 32 of 199 Map 11 Distribution of People with Hearing, Vision, and Cognitive Disabilities

Map 12 Distribution of People w/Ambulatory & Self-Care Disabilities & Independent Living

On the whole, people with disabilities live throughout Fairfield. Therefore, accessible housing is a need throughout Fairfield.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 33 of 199 TABLE 22 – 2017 ACS Characteristics such as Sex, Age, Race/ Hispanic Origin of People with Disabilities
SUBJECT Total With a Disability % with a
Disability Civilian Noninstitutionalized Population 1,109,640 13,064 11.90% SEX
Male 52,939 6,236 11.80%
Female 56,701 6,828 12.00%
Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin
White Alone 50,588 6,759 13.40%
Black Or African American Alone 15,484 2,545 16.40%
American Indian & Alaska Native Alone 572 144 25.20%
Asian Alone 19,490 1,994 10.20%
Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone 1,714 134 7.80% Some Other Race Alone 13,326 584 4.40%
Two Or More Races 8,466 904 10.70%
White Alone, Not Hispanic Or Latino 34,373 5,322 15.50% Hispanic Or Latino (Of Any Race) 33,059 2,450 7.40%
AGE
Under 5 Years 7,494 72 1.00%
5 To 17 Years 21,072 877 4.20%
18 To 34 Years 26,096 1,663 6.40%
35 To 64 Years 41,830 5,636 13.50%
65 To 74 Years 7,906 1,922 24.30%
75 Years and Over 5,242 2,894 55.20%
Disability Type by Detailed Age
With A Hearing Difficulty (X) 3,624 3.30%
Population Under 18 Years 28,566 138 0.50%
Population 18 To 64 Years 67,926 1,635 2.40%
Population 18 To 34 Years 26,096 297 1.10%
Population 35 To 64 Years 41,830 1,338 3.20%
Population 65 Years+ 13,148 1,851 14.10%
Population 65 To 74 Years 7,906 667 8.40%
Population 75 Years+ 5,242 1,184 22.60%
With A Vision Difficulty (X) 1,962 1.80%
Population Under 18 Years 28,566 134 0.50%
Population 18 To 64 Years 67,926 983 1.40%
Population 18 To 34 Years 26,096 175 0.70%
Population 35 To 64 Years 41,830 808 1.90%
Population 65 Years+ 13,148 845 6.40%
Population 65 To 74 Years 7,906 313 4.00%
Population 75 Years+ 5,242 532

10.10%

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 34 of 199 TABLE 22 – Characteristics of People with Disabilities continued… SUBJECT Total With a Disability % with a
Disability With A Cognitive Difficulty (X) 4,939 4.80%
Population Under 18 Years 21,072 694 3.30%
Population 18 To 64 Years 67,926 2,921 4.30%
Population 65 Years+ 13,148 1,324 10.10%
Population 65 To 74 Years 7,906 427 5.40%
Population 75 Years+ 5,242 897 17.10%
With An Ambulatory Difficulty (X) 7,108 7.00%
Population Under 18 Years 21,072 34 0.20%
Population 18 To 64 Years 67,926 3,713 5.50%
Population 18 To 34 Years 26,096 431 1.70%
Population 35 To 64 Years 41,830 3,282 7.80%
Population 65 Years+ 13,148 3,361 25.60%
Population 65 To 74 Years 7,906 1,306 16.50%
Population 75 Years+ 5,242 2,055 39.20%
With A Self-Care Difficulty (X) 3,048 3.00%
Population Under 18 Years 21,072 137 0.70%
Population 18 To 64 Years 67,926 1,516 2.20%
Population 18 To 34 Years 26,096 360 1.40%
Population 35 To 64 Years 41,830 1,156 2.80%
Population 65 Years And Over 13,148 1,395 10.60%
Population 65 To 74 Years 7,906 385 4.90%
Population 75 Years And Over 5,242 1,010 19.30%
With An Independent Living Difficulty (X 5,149 6.40%
Population 18 To 64 Years 67,926 2,913 4.30%
Population 18 To 34 Years 26,096 683 2.60%
Population 35 To 64 Years 41,830 2,230 5.30%
Population 65 Years And Over 13,148 2,236 17.00%
Population 65 To 74 Years 7,906 671 8.50%
Population 75 Years And Over 5,242 1,565 29.90%

TABLE 23 looks at some other characteristics of people with disabilities in Fairfield.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 35 of 199 TABLE 23 - 2017 ACS Employment, Transportation, Education, and Income Status Characteristics of People with Disabilities Subject
Total
Population Not
Institutionalized
With a
Disability
No
Disability
Population Age 16 and over 86,505 12,002 74,503
Employment Status
Employed 62.90% 24.20% 69.10%
Not in Labor Force 33.30% 71.80% 27.00%
Employed Population Age 16 and Over 54,401 2,903 51,498 Class of Worker
Private for-profit wage and salary workers 65.80% 54.00% 66.50% Employee of private company workers 64.50% 53.40% 65.10% Self-employed in own incorporated business workers 1.40% 0.60% 1.40% Private, not-for-profit wage and salary workers 8.10% 10.00% 8.00% Local government workers 10.20% 10.10% 10.20%
State government workers 4.90% 8.30% 4.70%
Federal government workers 5.00% 8.30% 4.80%
Self-employed in own not incorporated business workers 5.80% 9.40% 5.60% Unpaid family workers 0.10% 0.00% 0.10%
Occupation
Management, business, science, and arts occupations 31.60% 27.50% 31.90% Service occupations 21.80% 30.90% 21.30%
Sales and office occupations 21.70% 18.20% 21.90%
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations 10.60% 6.40% 10.90%
Production, transportation, & material moving occupations 14.20% 17.10% 14.10% Industry
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining 1.90% 1.60% 1.90% Construction 7.40% 4.10% 7.60%
Manufacturing 9.40% 7.20% 9.50%
Wholesale trade 1.90% 1.70% 1.90%
Retail trade 11.60% 6.60% 11.90%
Transportation and warehousing, and utilities 7.30% 7.40% 7.30% Information 1.70% 0.30% 1.80%
Finance & insurance, and real estate, rental & leasing 5.80% 7.40% 5.70% Professional, scientific, & management & administrative & waste management services 8.50% 13.50% 8.20%
Educational services, health care & social assistance 25.00% 25.00% 24.90% Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation & food
svcs 8.90% 13.30% 8.70%
Other services (except public administration) 3.30% 2.00% 3.40% Public administration 7.20% 9.80% 7.10%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 36 of 199 TABLE 23 continued…
Subject
Total
Population Not
Institutionalized
With a
Disability
No
Disability

COMMUTING TO WORK
Workers Age 16 and over 53,165 2,725 50,440
Car, truck, or van - drove alone 76.90% 69.80% 77.30%
Car, truck, or van - carpooled 14.00% 13.30% 14.10%
Public transportation (excluding taxicab) 2.20% 6.00% 2.00% Walked 1.00% 3.60% 0.90%
Taxicab, motorcycle, bicycle, or other means 1.40% 3.20% 1.30% Worked from home 4.50% 4.20% 4.50%

On the whole, people with a disability have lower incomes than those without a disability.

One of the most interesting facts in TABLE 24 below is that 79% of people with a disability have incomes at or above 150% of the poverty level. The Federal Poverty Guideline in 2019 is $12,880, which does not vary by location. 150% of the poverty level is $19,320, which may sustain an individual but certainly not a family of three or more.

Table 24 – Earnings and Poverty Status, People with Disabilities, 2012 and 2019 2012
012
2017
Subject
Total Civilian
Population Not
Institutionalize
d
With a
Disability
No
Disability
Total
Population Not
Institutionalize
d
With a
Disability
No
Disability
EARNINGS IN PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2012 INFLATION ADJUSTED DOLLARS) Population Age 16 & up 48,786 2,391 46,395 55,159 3,310 51,849 $1 to $4,999 or loss 9.9% 14.2% 9.7% 58,586 3,334 55,252 $5,000 to $14,999 17.2% 24.5% 16.9% 8.70% 12.40% 8.40%
$15,000 to $24,999 12.1% 11.0% 12.2% 12.10% 17.80% 11.80% $25,000 to $34,999 10.8% 7.9% 10.9% 11.70% 10.90% 11.80% $35,000 to $49,999 14.1% 14.4% 14.0% 11.30% 12.40% 11.20% $50,000 to $74,999 18.0% 14.3% 18.2% 16.20% 13.00% 16.40% $75,000 or more 17.9% 13.7% 18.1% 16.60% 21.50% 16.30%
Median Earnings 34,936 27,875 35,290 23.40% 12.00% 24.10% POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS
Population Age 16 & up 73,713 9,217 64,496 86,505 12,002 74,503 Below 100% of poverty level 11.8% 19.7% 10.6% 7.90% 13.00% 7.10% 100-149% of poverty level 7.7% 8.3% 7.6% 5.90% 8.00% 5.60% At or above 150 % of
poverty level 80.6% 72.0% 81.8% 86.20% 79.00% 87.30%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 37 of 199 Elderly and Frail Elderly
HUD defines an elderly or senior citizen as 65+ years of age. Frail elderly is defined as an elderly person who is unable to perform at least three activities of daily living. (This is also a criterion for Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance payments for care in nursing homes.)

The following TABLE 25 depicts characteristics of the elderly in 2010 and 2019. It is noteworthy that while the population only increased by about 11%, the percentage of the population over 65 increased by about 47%.

The table regarding people with disabilities shows that there are about 4,000 seniors who need assistance with independent living and help with self-care.

TABLE 25 -Population over 65 Years
2010 2019
Subject Total 65 years and over Total 65 years and over Total population 103,698 9,529 115,282 14,087

SEX AND AGE
Male 48.60% 40.30% 48.9%% 43.5%
Female 51.40% 59.70% 51.1% 56.5%
Median age (years) 32.8 74.3 34.8 72.9

RACE AND HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN
One race 92.90% 97.40% 91.7% 96.60%
White 45.60% 59.60% 49.4% 56.8%
Black or African American 16.40% 14.30% 15.2% 15.20%
Asian 15.30% 17.20% 16.9% 21.2%
Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race) 25.90% 10.80% 29.3% 11.3% White alone, not Hispanic or Latino 35.30% 53.00% 31. 50% 48.7%

RELATIONSHIP
Population in households 102,067 9,303 113,479 13,766
Householder or spouse 50.20% 81.50% 50.00% 80%
Parent 1.70% 9.90% 2.0% 9.6%
Other relatives 41.90% 7.80% 41.8% 7.6%
Nonrelatives 6.30% 0.70% 6.2% 2.80%
Unmarried partner 2.30% 0.60% 2.1% 0.60%
Householder living alone 18.50% 35.70% 18.40% 33.14%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 38 of 199

EDUCATION & EMPLOYMENT
Approximately 85.5% of Fairfield residents are high school graduates or higher, as outlined in TABLE 26.

TABLE 26 – Educational Attainment
Total % Male %
Male Female % Female
Subject
AGE BY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT 10,308 (X) 5,301 (X) 5,007 (X) Population 18 to 24 years 1,252 12.1% 825 15.6% 427 8.5% Less than high school graduate 3,945 38.3% 2,003 37.8% 1,942 38.8% High school graduate (includes
equivalency) 4,433 43.0% 2,147 40.5% 2,286 45.7%
Some college or associate's degree 678 6.6% 326 6.1% 352 7.0% Bachelor's degree or higher 75,730 (X) 36,783 (X) 38,947 (X) Population 25 years and over 4,955 6.5% 2,496 6.8% 2,459 6.3% Less than 9th grade 4,574 6.0% 2,624 7.1% 1,950 5.0%
9th to 12th grade, no diploma 16,847 22.2% 8,284 22.5% 8,563 22.0% High school graduate (includes
equivalency) 20,340 26.9% 9,957 27.1% 10,383 26.7%
Some college, no degree 7,619 10.1% 3,714 10.1% 3,905 10.0% Associate's degree 15,250 20.1% 6,957 18.9% 8,293 21.3% Bachelor's degree 6,145 8.1% 2,751 7.5% 3,394 8.7%
Graduate or professional degree 66,201 87.4% 31,663 86.1% 34,538 88.7% High school graduate or higher 21,395 28.3% 9,708 26.4% 11,687 30.0% Bachelor's degree or higher 18,377 (X) 9,541 (X) 8,836 (X) Population 25 to 34 years 16,300 88.7% 8,162 85.5% 8,138 92.1% High school graduate or higher 4,826 26.3% 1,964 20.6% 2,862 32.4% Bachelor's degree or higher 14,879 (X) 7,526 (X) 7,353 (X) Population 35 to 44 years 12,454 83.7% 6,182 82.1% 6,272 85.3% High school graduate or higher 4,580 30.8% 2,038 27.1% 2,542 34.6% Bachelor's degree or higher 28,387 (X) 13,583 (X) 14,804 (X) Population 45 to 64 years 24,905 87.7% 11,727 86.3% 13,178 89.0% High school graduate or higher 8,013 28.2% 3,656 26.9% 4,357 29.4% Bachelor's degree or higher 14,087 (X) 6,133 (X) 7,954 (X) Population 65 years and over 12,542 89.0% 5,592 91.2% 6,950 87.4% High school graduate or higher 3,976 28.2% 2,050 33.4% 1,926 24.2% Bachelor's degree or higher

RACE AND HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN
BY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT 39,000 (X) 19,415 (X) 19,585 (X) White alone 34,397 88.2% 16,937 87.2% 17,460 89.1%
High school graduate or higher 10,640 27.3% 5,011 25.8% 5,629 28.7% Bachelor's degree or higher 27,221 (X) 13,383 (X) 13,838 (X) Packet Page 141 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 38 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 39 of 199 White alone, not Hispanic or Latino 26,051 95.7% 12,782 95.5% 13,269 95.9% High school graduate or higher 8,852 32.5% 4,195 31.3% 4,657 33.7% Bachelor's degree or higher 12,185 (X) 6,165 (X) 6,020 (X)

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 40 of 199 TABLE 26 – Educational Attainment continued…
Total % Male %
Male Female % Female
Black alone 11,397 93.5% 5,701 92.5% 5,696 94.6%
High school graduate or higher 2,899 23.8% 1,314 21.3% 1,585 26.3% Bachelor's degree or higher 396 (X) 112 (X) 284 (X)
American Indian or Alaska Native alone 309 78.0% 99 88.4% 210 73.9% High school graduate or higher 78 19.7% 16 14.3% 62 21.8% Bachelor's degree or higher 14,172 (X) 6,245 (X) 7,927 (X) Asian alone 12,737 89.9% 5,727 91.7% 7,010 88.4%
High school graduate or higher 6,017 42.5% 2,559 41.0% 3,458 43.6% Bachelor's degree or higher 1,057 (X) 399 (X) 658 (X)
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
alone 1,014 95.9% 383 96.0% 631 95.9%
High school graduate or higher 164 15.5% 63 15.8% 101 15.3% Bachelor's degree or higher 5,222 (X) 2,603 (X) 2,619 (X) Some other race alone 3,034 58.1% 1,221 46.9% 1,813 69.2% High school graduate or higher 510 9.8% 318 12.2% 192 7.3% Bachelor's degree or higher 3,698 (X) 1,844 (X) 1,854 (X) Two or more races 3,313 89.6% 1,595 86.5% 1,718 92.7%
High school graduate or higher 1,087 29.4% 427 23.2% 660 35.6% Bachelor's degree or higher 18,243 (X) 9,300 (X) 8,943 (X) Hispanic or Latino Origin 12,425 68.1% 5,952 64.0% 6,473 72.4% High school graduate or higher 2,531 13.9% 1,228 13.2% 1,303 14.6% Bachelor's degree or higher
POVERTY RATE FOR AGE 25 YEARS+ FOR

WHOM POVERTY STATUS IS

DETERMINED BY EDUCATIONAL

ATTAINMENT LEVEL
(X) 13.5% (X) 10.6% (X) 16.8%
Less than high school graduate (X) 8.3% (X) 7.2% (X) 9.4% High school graduate (includes
equivalency) (X) 7.6% (X) 5.3% (X) 9.7%
Some college or associate's degree (X) 2.2% (X) 2.4% (X) 2.1% Bachelor's degree or higher
MEDIAN EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12
MONTHS (IN 2019 INFLATION-ADJUSTED
$)
45,249 (X) 52,055 (X) 39,789 (X)
Population 25 years and over with
earnings 27,208 (X) 35,771 (X) 18,045 (X)
Less than high school graduate 37,149 (X) 41,466 (X) 26,963 (X) High school graduate (includes
equivalency) 45,572 (X) 52,621 (X) 39,482 (X)
Some college or associate's degree 68,941 (X) 81,218 (X) 52,311 (X) Bachelor's degree 75,268 (X) 96,442 (X) 65,227 (X)

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 41 of 199

EMPLOYMENT
Travis AFB is the largest employer in the city and Solano County, and the massive Travis workforce has a local economic impact of more than $1 billion annually. The Base also contributes many highly skilled people to the local labor pool. TABLE 27 lists the major employers in Fairfield. Currently, Travis Air Force Base employs 7,260 active military personnel, 3,770 civilians, and 4,250 reserves for a total of 15,280 persons. Travis personnel varies significantly
in income, the permanence of
tenure, and other factors.

While some may benefit from
housing options on Travis Air
Force Base, other military
households do not.

Table 28 – Fairfield Employment by Gender
Subject Total Male %
Male Female %
Female
Civilian employed population 16 years and over 59,246 31,814 53.70% 27,432 46.30% Management, business, science, and arts occupations: 19,244 9,622 50.00% 9,622 50.00% Management, business, and financial occupations: 7,477 4,831 64.60% 2,646 35.40% Management occupations 4,495 3,193 71.00% 1,302 29.00%
Business and financial operations occupations 2,982 1,638 54.90% 1,344 45.10% Computer, engineering, and science occupations: 2,716 1,810 66.60% 906 33.40% Computer and mathematical occupations 1,376 958 69.60% 418 30.40% Architecture and engineering occupations 777 552 71.00% 225 29.00% Life, physical, and social science occupations 563 300 53.30% 263 46.70% Education, legal, community service, arts, & media
occupations: 5,390 1,871 34.70% 3,519 65.30%
Community and social service occupations 1,658 513 30.90% 1,145 69.10% Legal occupations 162 120 74.10% 42 25.90%
Educational instruction, and library occupations 2,744 697 25.40% 2,047 74.60% Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations 826 541 65.50% 285 34.50%
TABLE 27 – Fairfield Major Employers
Company Name #
Employees Travis Air Force Base 13,414
County of Solano 2,633
Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District 2,213
Northbay Medical Center 1,969
Solano Community College 750
Partnership HealthPlan Healthcare 561
City of Fairfield 553
Jelly Belly Candy Company 489
Sutter Fairfield Medical Campus
Healthcare
475
Westamerica Bank 418
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 42 of 199 Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations: 3,661 1,110 30.30% 2,551 69.70% Health diagnosing and treating practitioners &
other technical occupations 2,367 526 22.20% 1,841 77.80% Health technologists and technicians 1,294 584 45.10% 710 54.90% Service occupations: 13,276 5,499 41.40% 7,777 58.60%
Healthcare support occupations 3,694 904 24.50% 2,790 75.50% Protective service occupations: 2,113 1,893 89.60% 220 10.40% Firefighting & prevention & other protective
service workers 940 796 84.70% 144 15.30%
Law enforcement workers including supervisors 1,173 1,097 93.50% 76 6.50% Food preparation and serving related occupations 4,344 1,351 31.10% 2,993 68.90% Building and grounds cleaning & maintenance
occupations 2,001 1,232 61.60% 769 38.40%
Personal care and service occupations 1,124 119 10.60% 1,005 89.40% Sales and office occupations: 11,730 4,467 38.10% 7,263 61.90% Sales and related occupations 5,478 3,207 58.50% 2,271 41.50% Office and administrative support occupations 6,252 1,260 20.20% 4,992 79.80% Natural resources, construction & maintenance
occupations: 7,504 6,719 89.50% 785 10.50%
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 1,045 548 52.40% 497 47.60% Construction and extraction occupations 5,210 4,985 95.70% 225 4.30% Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 1,249 1,186 95.00% 63 5.00% Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations: 7,492 5,507 73.50% 1,985 26.50%
Production occupations 3,487 2,346 67.30% 1,141 32.70%
Transportation occupations 1,714 1,305 76.10% 409 23.90% Material moving occupations 2,291 1,856 81.00% 435 19.00%

LOWER INCOME CENSUS TRACTS AND BLOCK GRO UPS
Defining “Low Income”
Packet Page 145 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 42 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 43 of 199 Each year, HUD determines the median income for every city or Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Income for Fairfield is calculated from the Vallejo-Fairfield MSA. Persons with a household income of 0-30% of the Area Median Income (AMI) are considered to be extremely low-income. Those with household incomes of 31-50% of the AMI are considered to be very low-income, while those with incomes of 51-80% AMI are considered by HUD to be low- income. All households with incomes of 80% or less than the area median income are “lower- income” or “low/mod” persons, meaning low to moderate-income persons.

Income limits are based
on the number of
people in the
household. In the chart
above, a family of four
(4) persons earning
$50,000 annually would
be considered Low-
Income (51-80% AMI).

A family of 4 earning
$78,000 would NOT be
considered lower-
income by HUD.

Table 30 - Lower Income Block Groups
Census
Tract
Block
Group
# of
low/mod
people
Total #
of
people
% of
low/mod
people
Sorted in descending order of block groups with
the highest % of lower-income residents
2525.02 2 830 990 84%
2524.02 3 1,505 1,855 81%
2526.05 3 1,240 1,580 78%
2526.11 3 1,015 1,295 78%
2525.02 1 535 685 78%
2526.07 2 2,365 3,115 76%
2526.04 2 1,040 1,415 73%
2526.06 3 1,855 2,565 72%
2526.05 1 2,090 2,960 71%
2523.14 2 485 695 70%
2525.01 2 1,565 2,245 70%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 44 of 199 Census Tracts and Block Groups
For the purpose of taking the national census
and reporting statistics, the entire nation has
been divided into small subdivisions with
boundaries that normally follow visible
features. Block groups are a subdivision of a
census tract. Some kinds of data are
reported only at the census tract level, while
other data is reported at the block group
level. Each year, the American Community
Survey (ACS) estimates the number of people
who are lower-income living in each census
tract block group.

The City of Fairfield, with a population of an
estimated 116,020 persons, is divided into 28
census tracts and 69 block groups. Of these,
29 block groups (or 42% of all the block
groups) are considered “lower-income.” This
means that they have a population of 51% or lower-income households that earn 80% or less than the area median income, as described above.

TABLE 30 (pink cells) shows that a total of 40,625 persons, or 35% of the City’s population, live in the 29 census block groups that are predominantly inhabited by lower-income persons.

There are 27,040 lower-income persons who live in those block groups. The average lower- income percentage of all the lower-income block groups is 65.5%. There are also three block groups (yellow highlight) that show percentages of lower-income residents that are approaching the 51% threshold, and these should be carefully watched. 2526.04 3 650 950 68%
2524.01 4 780 1,190 66%
2526.06 2 585 905 65%
2528.01 4 855 1,335 64%
2524.01 1 555 905 61%
2525.01 1 345 565 61%
2526.08 2 2,130 3,520 61%
2523.13 1 675 1,120 60%
2527.07 2 915 1,560 59%
2524.02 1 640 1,100 58%
2526.11 1 695 1,205 58%
2526.04 1 315 555 57%
2526.07 1 620 1,115 56%
2526.06 1 1,330 2,405 55%
2526.08 1 385 745 52%
2526.05 2 630 1,240 51%
2524.01 2 410 810 51%
27,040 40,625 65.5%
2528.01 3 475 945 50%
2527.07 1 1,540 3,140 49%
2523.16 2 675 1,440 47%
2,690 5,525 48.7%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 45 of 199 TABLE 31 shows a list of all Fairfield census
tracts by number so that it is easier to see
the associated block groups for each census
tract.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 46 of 199 Map 13 - Fairfield Census Tracts without Block Groups
Map 14 - Downtown Lower Income Areas
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 47 of 199

AREAS OF MINORITY CONCENTRATION
The maps below (MAPS 15 & 16) show where members of racial groups and people of Hispanic origin live in Fairfield. MAP 15 shows there does not seem to be a concentration of minority groups in the R/ECAP area. Census tract 2526.06 appears to have a higher concentration. MAP 16 shows an increase in people of Hispanic origin in the central city core.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 48 of 199 Map 15 - 2010 Map of Racial Groups and Hispanic Origin
Map 15 – Trends Showing Location of Racial Groups and Hispanic Origin-2010 Census Packet Page 151 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 48 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 49 of 199

The dot maps used throughout this AI are from HUD’s AFFH mapping system.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 50 of 199 MAP 15 is derived from HUD’s CPD Maps, which highlight areas of interest and depict areas of minority concentration. This area is comprised of census tracts 2526.05, 2526.06, 2526.07 and 2521.01. These census tracts are low-income and, as could be seen, primarily inhabited by various racial and Hispanic origin populations.

MAP 16. Areas of Minority Concentration
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 51 of 199 Although HUD FHEO wants its funds to be used for residential developments outside of the areas of minority concentration, the state of California has labeled census tracts 2526.05, 2526.06 and 2526.07 as Opportunity Zones after the City contacted the Department of Finance. Established in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, Opportunity Zones provide tax incentives for investment in designated low-income census tracts. California Opportunity Zones will support new investments in environmental justice, sustainability, climate change, and affordable housing. Additionally, Congress has provided an incentive for developing affordable housing in Qualified Census Tracts. HUD’s Office of Policy Development and Research shows census tracts in the minority concentration area and 2525.01 and 2525.02 as qualified census tracts for the Low-Income Tax Credit program.

TABLE 29 lists census
tracts in Fairfield with the
highest proportion of
African Americans and
people of Asian and
Hispanic origin in the
downtown Fairfield area,
including the areas of
minority concentration
that HUD has identified.

A small area of one of these census tracts, 2524.01, appears to be in the area covered by the Heart of Fairfield Specific Plan.

The City’s race and Hispanic
origin table have been repeated
here so that the reader can
compare the percentage of each
group with those in the
downtown area. In all cases, the
percentage of people of Hispanic
origin in the census tracts above
is greater than the percentage of
Hispanics in the City population.

TABLE 32 – Percent of Racial Groups and People of
Hispanic Origin in the Downtown Area

Census Tract # % Black or
African American
% Asian Origin % Hispanic
Origin
2524.01 10.45 10.76 50.07
2525.01 11.06 7.01 49.82
2526.04 28.79 30.16 30.16
2526.05 15.18 7.38 45.40
2526.06 20.57 10.74 36.35
2526.07 16.86 6.41 45.59
TABLE 33 – Percentage of Racial and Hispanic Origin
Groups in Fairfield 2019
Race or Hispanic Origin % of Population
White 51.9%
Black or African American 14.5%
Asian 16%
Other 17.6%
Total: 100%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 27.6%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 52 of 199 EFFECTS OF COVID -19 PANDEMIC
A year of the pandemic has taken a significant toll on the national, state and regional economies. The following analysis is contained in The Solano County 2020 Index of Economic and Community Progress (May 2021) which can be found online here:
https://www.solanocounty.com/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BlobID=34920 COVID-19 Job Impacts
Not surprisingly, the annual trend of job growth in Solano County was interrupted by the pandemic. Through the end of 2020, employers in the County retained 10,500 fewer non -farm employees at the start of that year. In addition, there were 16,500 few employed residents in Solano County (those both employed in and out of the County). Prior to March of 2020, the unemployment rate had been relatively stable, and near four percent, a level considered “full employment” by most economists.

By the end of 2020, the unemployment rate reached 9.5 percent, the highest rate since 2013.

This was actually an improvement over previous months leading to December 2020, reaching

15.7 percent in April of 2020. Employment data revealed significant job loss remains in March 2021, particularly in industries affected by statewide health and “social-distancing” orders:
retail, restaurants, business services, and tourism/hospitality. In addition, Solano County’s labor force has been dramatically changed as some workers had to give up their jobs to care for themselves or others in their households, while many others changed their work locations from office to home, often even changing where they lived.

Recovery and Resilience
A number of city, county, state, and federal agencies, including healthcare providers and members of private industry, have dedicated time and resources to mitigate the long -term effects of this economic downturn. In 2020, the County of Solano authorized discretionary funds from the Federal CARES Act to be spent on rental assistance grants for Solano County residents in jeopardy of evictions due to job loss and engaged with the Workforce Investment Board of Solano County to issue grants to small business owners to stay open and keep employees working.

In addition, over $584 million dollars of the federal Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) was received by businesses and employers based in Solano County between April 2020 and March 2021. The county government continues to focus extreme efforts to address the health Packet Page 155 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 52 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 53 of 199 impacts from COVID-19 in 2021 and continues to advocate for additional vaccines. On another positive note, the Solano EDC recently has just received a new EDA CARES Act Grant supported by matching funds from the County of Solano, all cities in the County, and Solano Transportation Authority to create a comprehensive regional plan for economic recovery. All of these efforts continue to move Solano County forward through economic recovery from COVID - 19 impacts and beyond.

Key Highlights from the 2020 Index Our Changing Economy  Solano County employers hired 10,500 fewer workers in 2020, a 7.3 percent decrease from 2019. Solano County’s labor force fell by 5,300 in 2020, with 2.5 percent of residents working or seeking a job.
 183,600 residents of Solano County were employed as 2020 ended, 16,500 less than 2019.
 Solano County’s unemployment rate was 9.5 percent at the start of 2021, the highest rate for Solano County’s economy since 2013.
 Industry losses of jobs in 2020 were driven by hotel/motel, restaurant, other personal services, and retail jobs lost due to the COVID-19 recession.  Based on the most recent data available, inflation-adjusted (real) gross product for Solano County grew by 3.6 percent in 2019, slightly faster than both California and the national economy.
 Solano County’s personal income per person increased in 2019 by 3.7 percent after inflation.
 Median household income also increased in 2019 after inflation to $65,055 in 2012 dollars (+1.9%).
 Solano County median wages in 2020 increased from 2019 for local workers to just $0.02 below California on average; the first time on record that gap was closed, suggesting new jobs have been above average wages and pulling all wages up.  Poverty rates for Solano County residents fell in 2019 (the latest data), based on five - year averages.
 Regional cost of living increased for Solano County by 1.6 percent in 2019 (the latest data), slower than the state and national averages.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 54 of 199  $584 million in PPP loans came to Solano County employers from April 2020 to April 2021 amid job losses from the COVID-19 recession, approximately 3.2 percent of county gross product.
 Social equity metrics for Solano County suggest the County has performed well since 2012 on poverty alleviation and median household income, less so on homeownership versus state and national averages for under-represented communities.

Changing Community
 Solano County’s population fell by 684 people in 2020 (-0.16 percent) and grew by 6.1 percent from 2010 to January 1, 2021.
 Solano County’s population is forecasted to grow from 2020 to 2060 by approximately

23.8 percent.
 Data from the US Postal Service suggests more households came to Solano County than left during 2020, even though the population fell.
 Median housing prices increased 7.9 percent in 2020 to $485,950; housing affordability in Solano County decreased slightly.
 Recent allocations of housing units from the state government assigned over 10,990 more units need to be built to balance supply and demand in Solano County between 2023 and 2031.
 Commute times to work increased in 2019 (the latest data) by 2.1 minutes from 2018 for Solano County residents; the COVID-19 recession may transform commute patterns to 2025.
 Solano County’s assessed property values increased to over $60 billion in the fiscal year 2019- 20, while taxable sales fell slightly in the calendar year 2020.

Considerations for the Future
The COVID-19 recession wreaked havoc on Solano County’s labor markets for the first half of 2020. Forecasts suggest that Solano County will return to preCOVID levels of employment by 2023, as re-opening and federal stimulus assist jobs recovery. Housing markets are forecasted to continue price growth in 2021 due to strong demand conditions but may exacerbate inequities for lower- to middle-income households trying to own homes.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 55 of 199 City of Fairfield Responses to COVID Pandemic
The City of Fairfield received $507,908 in CDBG COVID-1 funding, and $691,599 in COVID 3 funding, for a total of $1,198,683. To respond to the pandemic, the City took the following actions:

Eviction Prevention for Vulnerable Lower -Income Households  Project Sentinel – Tenant/Landlord Services to Maintain & Stabilize Housing was funded for $70,000 to assist the lowest income renters with mediation and dispute resolution services and well as direction to resources to help avoid evictions. As of the 4th quarter of FY 2020-21, 69 persons have been assisted.  SHELTER Inc. – Homeless Prevention and Rapid Rehousing Program was funded $377,439 to provide emergency rental assistance for households earning not more than 50% of the area median income who are in danger of eviction. By the end of FY 2020 -21, 58 persons had been assisted with these funds. Many more were redirected to the State Emergency Rental Assistance Program, which offers much more robust assistance. At this time, it is unknown how many Fairfield residents at what levels of income have been assisted with this source.

Preventing COVID Transmission in Vulnerable Populations  Ohio Street House for At-Risk Homeless Residents was funded both for rehabilitation and operating expenses for a new six-unit residential structure, owned by the City, to provide ten beds of both emergency and transitional housing for the City’s most vulnerable unsheltered residents. Funding was $320,000 for rehabilitation and 301,332 for operating expenses, and renovations are complete.
 NorthBay Healthcare – COVID-19 Testing was funded $250,000 To provide Outreach Team that targeted senior nursing facilities to screen and test for COVID at multiple facilities and to purchase personal protective equipment and a rapid COVID testing machine.
 Mission Samoa Transitional Housing Project was funded $20,000 To provide transitional housing services for homeless parolee clients who have been released from jail, including homeless prevention case management and permanent housing counseling, transportation to medical appointments, and supplies for persona l protective equipment and cleaning. Twenty persons served by Quarter 4 of FY 2020-21.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 56 of 199  Child Haven Inc. COVID-Safe Mental Health Services for Abused Children was funded for 60,000 to provide CARE Clinic Services to children experiencing family violence, with over 70 children served in FY 2020-21.

Providing Food Security
 St. Marks Manna Food Pantry was funded to provide food distribution to lower-income families, with 793 persons served last fiscal year. The funding allowed them to purchase proteins to supplement Food Bank and donated foods, creating food bags that are distributed in drive-through events in the Fairfield lower-income area.  Senior Meals Program provided meals for lower-income seniors at the Senior Manor, Dover Woods, and Parkway Plaza Senior Apartments. The program provided meals to 277 seniors last year.
 Fairfield Main Street Association Meal Program was funded at $30,000 To provide meal vouchers to lower-income residents at Union Square Apartments, which also supported local downtown Fairfield restaurants during the pandemic. The program provided meals to 59 people.

Helping Fairfield Youth
 The Leaven – Parkway Gardens and Grande Circle Centers was funded for $37,084 To help the agency switch to remote after-school/home-school tutoring at two large lower- income housing complexes, serving 157 youth last year.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 57 of 199

5. HOUSING

HOUSING PROFILE
The primary type of housing in
Fairfield is single-family, owner-
occupied housing.

The City’s former Redevelopment
Agency acquired and demolished
24 four-plexes because they were blighted and created a high crime area. The developer who acquired the land built single-family homes there. However, the latest Housing Element recognizes the need for more varied housing stock and particularly for affordable housing.

The vacancy
rate in Fairfield
is very low,
particularly in
the single-
family owner-
occupied
market (TABLE
31). The 3.3% vacancy rate in ownership housing in 2010 can be ascribed to foreclosures in 2009 and onwards. Any rental vacancy rate below 5% is considered to be very low. Consistently, the rental vacancy rate – although higher than the homeownership rate – has been very low.

Those markets can be considered to be sellers or landlords markets because the demand for housing outstrips the supply of housing.

As can be seen in TABLE 32,
the number of one-
bedroom, two and three-
bedroom units have
increased over time, the
four-bedroom units were
almost the same in 2019 as
in 2010, and five-bedroom
units increased dramatically.

TABLE 34 - Number and Percentage of Single-Family Units Over Time
Single-Family Units 2005 2010 2019
Units in Structure 36,762 36,283 39,867
1-unit, detached 24,083 25,043 26,529
% of Total 65.51% 69.00% 66.5%
TABLE 35 - Occupied Units and Vacancy Rates

2005 2010 %
Change
2019 %
Change
Total housing units 36,762 36,283 -1.30% 39,867 9.0%
Occupied housing units 32,991 33,270 0.85% 37,310 12.1% Vacant housing units 3,771 3,013 -20.10% 2,557 -15.1%
Homeowner vacancy rate 0.7 3.3 371.43% 0.6 -81.8%
Rental vacancy rate 3.3 5.3 60.61% 2.9 -45.3%
TABLE 36 – # of Homes at Various Bedroom Sizes Over Time

BEDROOMS 2005 2010 %
Change
2019 %
Change
No bedroom 143 136 -4.90% 798 486.8%
1 bedroom 3055 2504 -18.04% 2,999 19.8%
2 bedrooms 8378 7765 -7.32% 8,462 9%
3 bedrooms 14935 14289 -4.33%
15,149
6%
4 bedrooms 8276 9662 16.75% 9,957 3.1%
5 or more
bedrooms
1975 1927 -2.43% 2,502 29.8%
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 58 of 199 TABLE 33 looks at tenure (owner or renter) by race and Hispanic origin in 2000, 2010 and 2019.

Whites had a higher percentage of ownership housing, and African Americans, Asians, and Hispanics had a lower percentage than their representation in Fairfield’s population as a whole.

TABLE 37 – Tenure, Race and Hispanic Origin Over Time
2000 % of
Total 2010 % of
Total 2019 % of
Total
%
Change
2000-10
$
Change
2010-
2019 Total Housing Units 31,792 100% 37,184 100.0 39,867 100% 16.96% 7.2% Occupied Housing Units 30,870 97.1 34,484 92.7 37,310 95.5% 11.71% 8.19% Vacant Housing 922 2.9 2,700 7.3 2557 4.5% 192.84% -.5.3%% Owner-Occupied 18,415 59.7 20,835 60.4 22,125 53% 13.14% 6.19% White 19,273 62.4 10,540 30.6 12,238 55.3% -45.31% 16.11% Black or African American 4,793 15.5 2,707 7.9 3,067 13.9% -43.52% -13. 29% American Indian/Alaska
Native
263 0.9 86 0.2 No
Info
No Info -67.30%
Asian 2,822 9.1 3,169 9.2 3,8733,
557

17.5% 12.30% 22.2%
Native Hawaiian/Other
Pacific Islander

255

0.8 163

0.5 284

1.3%

-36.08%

74.2%
Some other race 2,021 6.5 27 0.1 1,216 5.5% -98.66% 4,403.70 % Two or more races 1,443 4.7 689 2.0 1310 5.9% -52.25% 90.13% Hispanic or Latino origin 4,270 13.8 3,454 10.0 4,188 18.9% -19.11% 21.25% Renter-occupied housing units* 13,649 39.6 15,185 % No Info 11.25% White No Info No Info 4,896 14.2 8,143 53.6% No Info 66.31% Black/ African American alone
householder

No Info

3,161

9.2 3,027

19.9%

No Info

-4.23%
American Indian and Alaska
Native alone householder No Info No Info 83 0.2 No
Info No Info No Info
Asian alone householder No Info No Info 1,272 3.7 1,988 13.1% No Info 56.28% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific
Islander alone householder No Info No Info 133 0.4 605 4% No Info 354.88% Some Other Race alone
householder
No Info No Info 28 0.1 919 6.1% No Info 14%
Two or More Races householder No Info No Info 670 1.9 503 3.3% No Info -24.9% Hispanic or Latino householder No Info No Info 3,406 9.9 3,747 24.7% No Info 10.01% White alone householder (Not
Hispanic/Latino No Info No Info 1,178 3.4 5,487 36.1% No Info 365.78% * These categories were not listed in the 2000 DP-04

TABLE 34 looks at tenure by household size over the time from 2010 to 2019. Ownership housing decreased by 6.29%, although all housing units increased by 3.74 %. Rental housing increased by 33%.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 59 of 199 TABLE 38 - Tenure by Household Size
Age of Housing Stock
The vast majority of the city’s housing was constructed between 1970 and 2009. There will be another burst of housing construction, probably beginning in 2022-23 as development begins in the Train Station Specific Plan area. The Appendix contains detailed tables regarding the age of housing.

Overcrowding
For the purposes of this analysis, “overcrowding” is defined as an average “persons per room” ratio that exceeds 1.01. Severe overcrowding can be defined as more than 1.5 persons per room.

As can be seen in TABLE 35, the category with the greatest number of overcrowded units is

1.01 to occupants per room. HUD’s standard for housing authorities is two persons per bedroom plus one. There was a total of 595 owner-occupied units and 1,783 tenant units that Packet Page 162 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 59 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 60 of 199 were overcrowded according to the 2017 ACS, 2.9% and 11.3%, respectively. (Data on t h e number of units overcrowded were not available for 2010 in the ACS.) Clearly, there are families who need homes/apartments with more bedrooms than they can afford. However, building 1,000 three-bedroom units will not reduce overcrowding if those units are not affordable to families who need them.

TABLE 39 – Overcrowding Data ACS 2017
Occupants Per Room Estimate Percentage
Occupied housing units 37,310 37,310
Owner-occupied 22,125 59.3%
Renter-occupied 15,185 40.7%
Average household size of owner-
occupied unit

3.24 (X)
Average household size of the renter-
occupied unit

2.88 (X)
Housing Cost
As noted above, housing cost is a key factor in reducing overcrowding. The cost to build housing, the availability of land to develop or redevelop housing and the market price of housing are factors in determining the price of a single-family house or rental unit. There is little that can be done to change the market price of housing except build more than the increase in population to increase the supply and build less than the demand, decreasing the supply and raising the market price. However, local governments and the State have a variety of tools that can be used to reduce the cost of housing. Jurisdictions can provide low-cost sites development subsidy funds to assist in constructing the housing and by waiving planning, building and fire fees.

In May 2019, an article in the Vallejo Times-Herald newspaper quoted a California Housing Partnership report that said, “If you don’t earn at least $36 per hour, you can’t afford to live in Solano County, the most affordable county in the Bay Area” (TABLE 36).

TABLE 40 - Comparisons of Home Value and Home Prices
Fairfield Solano County CA US
Median Estimated Home Value ($) 55,000 430,000 547,000 230,000 Estimated Home Value 12-Month
Change

5.6 9 8.1 1.4
Median List Price ($) 470,000 420,000 480,000 89,900
Median Home Age 34 39 45 45
Own 56 59 54 64
Rent 44 41 46 36
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 61 of 199 Realtors Property Resource by Nancy Meyer 7/18
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 62 of 199

6. LENDING PRACTICES

HOME MORTGAGE DISCLOSURE ACT (HMDA) DATA
An analysis of lending practices is possible through an examination of data gathered from lending institutions in compliance with the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA). The HMDA was enacted by Congress in 1975 and is implemented by the Federal Reserve Board as Regulation C. The intent of the Act is to provide the public with information related to financial institution lending practices and to aid public officials in targetin g public capital investments to attract additional private sector investments.

Since the enactment of the HMDA in 1975, lending institutions have been required to collect and publicly disclose data regarding applicants, including the location of the loan (by census tract, county, and Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)); income, race and gender of the borrower; the number and dollar amount of each loan; property type; loan type; loan purpose; whether the property is owner-occupied; action taken for each application; and, if the application was denied, the reason(s) for denial. Property types examined include one-to-four family units, manufactured housing and multi-family developments.

HMDA data is a useful tool in accessing lending practices and trends within a jurisdiction. While many financial institutions are required to report loan activities, it is important to note that not all institutions are required to participate. Depository lending institutions – banks, credit unions, and savings associations – must file under HMDA if they hold assets exceeding the coverage threshold set annually by the Federal Reserve Board, have a home or branch office in one or more Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), and originated at least one home purchase or refinancing loan on a one-to-four family dwelling in the preceding calendar year. Such institutions must also file if they meet any one of the following three conditions: 1) is a federally insured or regulated institution; 2) originates a mortgage loan that is insured, guaranteed, or supplemented by a federal agency; or 3) originates a loan intended for sale to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.

For-profit, non-depository institutions (such as mortgage companies) must file HMDA data if their value of the home purchase or refinancing loans exceeds 10% or more of their total loan originations or equals or exceeds $25 million; they either maintain a home or branch office in one or more MSAs, or in a given year execute five or more home purchase, home refinancing, or home improvement loan applications, originations, or loan purchases for properties located in MSAs; or they hold assets exceeding $10 million, or have executed more than 100 home purchase or refinancing loan originations in the preceding calendar year.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 63 of 199 It is recommended that the analysis of HMDA data be tempered by the knowledge that no one characteristic operates in isolation but must be considered in light of other factors. For instance, while it is possible to develop conclusions simply on the basis of race data, it is more accurate when all possible factors are considered, particularly in relation to loan denials and loan pricing. According to the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC), “with few exceptions, controlling for borrower-related factors reduces the differences among racial and ethnic groups.” Borrower-related factors include income, loan amount, lender, and other relevant information included in the HMDA data. Further, the FFIEC cautions that the information in the HMDA data, even when controlled for the borrower-related factors and the lender, “is insufficient to account fully for racial or ethnic differences in the incidence of higher-priced lending.” The FFIEC suggests that a more thorough analysis of the differences may require additional details from sources other than HMDA about factors, including the specific credit circumstances of each borrower, the specific loan products that they are seeking, and the business practices of the institutions that they approach for credit.

Although there is data for loan origination and denial by Fairfield’s census tracts, information about race, Hispanic origin and sex is only captured for the MSA. The following analysis is provided for the Vallejo-Fairfield MSA, summarizing 2020 HMDA data, the most recent year for which data are available. Where specific details are included in the HMDA records, a summary is provided below for loan denials, including information regarding the purpose of the loan application, the race of the applicant and the primary reason for denial. For the purposes of analysis, this report will focus only on the information available and will not make assumptions regarding data that is not available or was not provided as part of the mortgage application or in the HMDA reporting process.
2020 HMDA Data for Fairfield
In 2020, in the Fairfield-Vallejo MSA, there were 35,174 applications submitted.  22,154 loans were originated or sold on the Secondary Market to purchase, refinance, or make improvements to single-family homes.
 Overall, the origination rate (the loan was accepted by the financing institution and homeowner) was 62.9%.
 Of the remaining applications, approximately 3,838 or 10.9% of all applications were denied.
 The remainder were approved but not accepted, withdrawn by the applicant, closed because the application was incomplete or not accepted by the borrower.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 64 of 199 It is important to note that financial institutions are not required to report reasons for loan denials, although many do so voluntarily. Also, while many loan applications are denied for more than one reason, this analysis refers to the primary reason for the denial of each loan.

Loans Closed - The balance of the 9,158 applications that were neither originated nor denied was closed for one reason of the reasons:
 15.1% were withdrawn by the applicant,
 5% were closed because they were incomplete,
 2.5% purchased loan,
 less than seven had their preapproval request denied, and  0.1% had their approval request approved but not accepted.

Detail on Loans Originated
Types of Loans - Of the 22,154 loans that were made/originated:
 15,594 were conventional first liens,
 5,645 were a combination of VA first liens (3,466) and FSA/RHS (Farm Service Agency/Rural Housing Service) first liens (2,179), and
 886 were a combination of conventional subordinate liens (refinancing)(885) and FSA/RHS subordinate lien (1).

Purpose of Loans – Of the loans that were made/originated:
 5,044 were for home purchase
 346 were for home improvement
 374 were for other purposes
 12,032 were for refinancing
 4,328 were for cash-out refinancing

Types of Housing – Of the loans that were made/originated:
 22,069 were for single-family homes
 78 were for manufactured homes
 7 were multi-family loans on dwellings for five or more families

Race and Ethnicity – Of the 22,154 loans that were made/originated, the primary borrowers were:
 3,828 or 17.3% of the borrowers were of Hispanic ethnicity, any race  238 or 1% were American Indian or Alaska Native
 3,717 6% were Asian, of which:

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 65 of 199 o 50 were Asian Indian
o 34 were Chinese
o 255 were Filipino
o 12 were Japanese
o Six were Korean
o 12 were Vietnamese
o 2,348 were Other Asian
 2,237 or 10% were Black
 308 or 1% were Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
 14,180 64% were White, and
 1,436 or 6.5% did not provide a race/declined to state

Gender – Of the loans that were made/originated, the primary borrowers declared their gender to be:
 14,268 or 64.4% of primary applicants were male
 7,734 or 35% were female
 124 or .6% selected both male and female
Detail on Loans Denied
There were 3,838 loans that were denied. Of these:
 831 of the applicants were of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, any race  69 or 1.8% were American Indian or Alaska Native
 756 or 19.7% were Asian, of which:
o 25 were Asian Indian
o 12 were Chinese
o 67 were Filipino
o Three were Japanese
o Three were Vietnamese
o 646 were Asian or other Asian
 562 or 14.6% were Black
 54 or 1.4% were Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
 2,032 or 52.9% were White, and
 355 or 9.2% did not provide a race/declined to state

Gender
 2,401 or 62.6% were male
 1,405 or 36.6% were female
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 66 of 199  71 or 1.8% selected both male and female
Analysis of Loan Denials

TABLE 41 - Analysis of 2020 HMDA Data
35,174 Total Applications (Apps)
2020 # App
# of Apps that
became
Originated &
Purchased
Loans
% of Apps that
became
Originated &
Purchased
Loans
# Apps
Denied
% of Apps
Denied
# Other
Disposition
of Apps
% Other
Disposition*
of Apps*
Hispanic 6,816 4,333 63.6% 831 12.2% 1,653 24.3%
Non-Hispanic 28,358 18,682 65.9% 3,007 10.6% 6,667 23.5% Total: 35,174 23,015 3,838 8,320
American
Indian/Alaskan 425 246 57.9% 69 16.2% 110 25.9%
Asian 6,095 3,871 63.5% 756 12.4% 1,468 24.1%
African American 3,971 2,365 59.6% 562 14.2% 1,044 26.3% Hawaiian/Pacific
Islands 507 325 64.1% 54 10.7% 118 23.3%
White 21,618 14,715 68.1% 2,032 9.4% 4,871 22.5%
Unknown 2,558 1,493 58.4% 355 13.9% 709 27.7%
Total: 35,174 23,015 3,828 8320
“Other Disposition” of applications includes those that were approved by not accepted, those withdrawn by the applicant, files closed incomplete, denial of preapproval request, & preapproval requests that were approved but not accepted.

Note that “American Indian” is a Racial common classification for persons who are Hispanic.

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As is evident in the above table and chart, Whites have a noticeably lower denial percentage than all other groups. Asians experience a 3% higher denial rate than Whites, African Americans experience a 4.5% higher denial rate, and American Indians/Alaskan Natives (a commonly used racial category for Hispanic persons) experience a 6.8% higher denial rate than Whites.

Gender
Of the 3,838 loans that were denied,
 991 applications by females were denied (25.8%)
 1,358 applications by males were denied (35.4%)
 1,450 joint applications were denied (38%)
 29 applications with gender not available (0.8%) were denied

TABLE 42 - Race and Sex in 2018 Mortgage Lending
Race and Sex # Apps
# Loans
Originated
or
Purchased
% Loans
Originated
or
Purchased
#
Applications
Denied
%
Applications
Denied
Hispanic
Not Hispanic
American Indian/ Alaskan
Male 60
Female 47
Joint 31
Not Available 0
Asian
Figure 1 2020 Loan Denial Percentage by Race and Ethnicity Packet Page 170 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 67 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 68 of 199 Male 1,032
Female 994
Joint 1,529
Not Available 15
African American
Male 710
Female 805
Joint 668
Not Available 7
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
Male 96
Female 68
Joint 97
Not Available
White
Male 3,465
Female 2,934
Joint 6,494
Not Available 43
Two or more minority
races
Male 44
Female 45
Joint 39
Not Available 0
Race Not Available/Joint
Male 516
Female 334
Joint 1,812
Not Available 50
TABLE 43 looks at the same type of data for people of Hispanic origin and non-Hispanic origin. “Hispanic" category consists of applicants of minority races or Hispanic or Latino origin. “Non - Hispanic" consists of applicants of the White race who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin.

TABLE 43 - Race and Sex in 2018 Mortgage Lending
Ethnicity and Sex # Apps
# Loans
Originated
or
Purchased
% Loans
Originated
or
Purchased
#
Applications
Denied
%
Applications
Denied
Hispanic or Latino
Male
Female
Joint
Not Available
Total:

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 69 of 199 Not Hispanic or Latino
Male
Female
Joint
Not Available
Total:

Joint
Male
Female
Joint
Not Available
Total:

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 70 of 199

7. LAWS, POLICIES AND FURTHER ING FAIR HOUSING

FEDERAL FAIR HOUSING LAWS AND EXECUTIVE ORDERS
Both Federal and State fair housing laws establish protected classes, govern the treatment of these individuals, and are designed to affirmatively further access to housing and community development resources to members of protected classes. This section provides an overview of these laws.

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964: Prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color or national origin in programs and activities receiving federal financial assistance.

Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (Fair Housing Act) and as amended in 1988: Prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental and financing of dwellings, and in other housing-related transactions, based on:
 Race;
 Color;
 National origin;
 Religion;
 Sex;
 Familial status (including children under the age of 18 living with parents or legal custodians, pregnant women and people securing custody of children under the age of eighteen, or discrimination based on age); and
 Persons with physical, mental, and developmental disabilities.

Specifically, in the sale and rental of housing, no one may take any of the following actions based on these protected classes:
 Refuse to rent or sell housing;
 Refuse to negotiate for housing;
 Make housing unavailable or deny any dwelling listed for sale;  Set different terms, conditions, or privileges for sale or rental of a dwelling;  Provide different housing services or facilities;
 Falsely deny that housing is available for inspection, sale, or rental;  For-profit, persuade owners to sell or rent (blockbusting);  Deny anyone access to or membership in a facility or service (such as multiple listing service) related to the sale or rental of housing;
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 71 of 199  Refuse to allow reasonable modifications to dwell or common use areas, at the expense of the renter or owner, if necessary, for a person living with disabilities to use the housing; or
 Refuse to make reasonable accommodations in rules, policies, practices, or services if necessary for the disabled person to use the housing.

In Mortgage Lending, no one may take any of the following actions based on these protected classes:
 Refuse to make a mortgage loan;
 Refuse to provide information regarding loans;
 Impose different terms or conditions on loans, such as different interest rates, points, or fees;
 Discriminate in appraising property;
 Refuse to purchase a loan; or
 Set different terms or conditions for purchasing a loan.

In addition, it is illegal for anyone to:
 Threaten, coerce, intimidate, or interfere with anyone exercising a fair housing right or assisting others who exercise that right; or
 Advertise or make any statement that indicates a limitation or preference based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status, or handicap.

This prohibition against discriminatory advertising applies to single-family and owner-occupied housing that is otherwise exempt from the Fair Housing Act.

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 : Prohibits discrimination based on disability in any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.

Section 109 of Title I of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (HCDA):

Prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, or religion in programs or activities receiving financial assistance from HUDs Community Development Block Grant Program. Sections 104(b) and 106 (d)(5) of the HCDA specifically require CDBG Program grantees to certify that they will affirmatively further fair housing. This requirement was also included in Section 105 (c) (13) of the National Affordable Housing Act of 1990 (the HOME Program).

Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990: Prohibits discrimination based on disabilities, services, or activities provided or made available by public entities (e.g., states, Packet Page 174 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 71 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 72 of 199 counties, cities, public agencies/authorities, joint powers authorities). HUD enforces Title II when it relates to state and local public housing and housing assistance.

The Architectural Barriers Act of 1968: Requires that buildings and facilities designed, constructed, altered or leased with federal funds after September 1969 must be accessible to and usable by persons with a disability.

Age Discrimination Act of 1975: Prohibits discrimination of the basis of age in programs or activities receiving federal financial assistance.

Equal Credit Opportunity Act of 1974: Prohibits discrimination in lending based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, receipt of public assistance or the exercise of any right under the Consumer Credit Protection Act.

The Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) of 1977: Under the supervision of the federal Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the CRA provides a framework for financial institutions, state and local governments and community organizations to jointly promote banking services to all members of a community. The CRA prohibits redlining (denying or increasing the cost of banking to residents of racially defined neighborhoods); and encourages efforts to meet the credit needs of all community members, including residents of low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. The CRA provides that “regulated financial institutions have continuing and affirmative obligations to help meet the credit needs of the local communities in which they are chartered.” Therefore, the CRA establishes federal regulatory procedures for monitoring the level of lending, investments and services in low-and moderate-income neighborhoods that are defined as underserved by lending institutions. The CRA creates an obligation for depository institutions to serve the entire community from which its deposits are garnered, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods.

Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) of 1975: Requires banks, savings and loan associations and other financial institutions to publicly report detailed data on their home lending activity.

Under HMDA, lenders are required to publicly disclose the number of loan applications by census tract, income, race and gender of the borrower, the type of loan and the number and dollar amount of loans made. Starting in 1993, independent mortgage companies were also required to report HMDA data. HMDA creates a significant and publicly available tool by which mortgage-lending activity in communities can be assessed. HMDA data can be analyzed to determine bank performance and borrower choices. Executive Order 11063: Prohibits discrimination in the sale, leasing, rental, or other disposition of properties and facilities owned or operated by the federal government or provided with federal funds.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 73 of 199 Executive Order 12892 (as amended): Requires federal agencies to affirmatively further fair housing in their programs and activities and provides that the Secretary of HUD will be responsible for coordinating the effort. The Order also establishes the President’s Fair Housing Council, chaired by the Secretary of HUD.

Executive Order 12898: Requires each federal agency to conduct its program, policies and activities that substantially affect human health or the environment in a manner that does not exclude persons based on race, color, or national origin.

Executive Order 13166: Eliminates, to the extent possible, limited English proficiency as a barrier to full and meaningful participation by beneficiaries in all federally-assisted and federally conducted programs and activities.

Executive Order 13217: Requires federal agencies to evaluate their policies and programs to determine if any can be revised or modified to improve the availability of community-based living arrangements for persons with disabilities.

Equal Access Rule (24 CFR 5.105(a)(2) and 5.106): Under 24 CFR 5.105(a)(2), the regulations require that a determination of eligibility for housing that is assisted by HUD or is subject to a mortgage insured by HUD shall be made in accordance with the eligibility requirements provided for such program by HUD, and such housing shall be made available without regard to actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or marital status. In addition, this regulation covers local housing programs funded with CDBG, HOME, etc. (whether run by grantees or subrecipients). It prohibits owners and program administrators from making an inquiry about such characteristics. Further, 24 CFR 5.106 specifically requires providers to establish, amend, or maintain program admissions, occupancy, and operating policies and procedures (including policies and procedures to protect individuals’ privacy and security), so that equal access is provided to individuals based on their gender identity. This requirement includes tenant selection and admission preferences. Such policies must ensure that an individual is placed, served, and accommodated in accordance with the individual’s gender identity and not subjected to intrusive questioning or asked to provide anatomical information or documentation to evidence the individual’s gender.

STATE LAWS
The following is a list of California’s statutes, rules and plans that have or might have an impact on fair housing choice. This section provides an overview of these statutes, policies, and/or plans.

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California Government Code section 12955 et seq - Fair Employment and Housing Act (FEHA):

Prohibits all housing providers, including local prohibits land-use policies and practices that have a disproportionate impact on persons protected by the fair housing laws unless they are necessary to achieve an important purpose sufficiently compelling to override the discriminatory effect and there are not less restrictive means to achieve the purpose. The FEHA also incorporates the Unruh Act (Civil Code section 51), the Ralph Act (Civil Code section 51.7) and Bane Act (Civil Code section 52.1) as follows.

The Unruh Civil Rights Act (California Civil Code section 51): Provides protection from discrimination by all business establishments in California, including housing and accommodations, because of age, ancestry, color, disability, national origin, race, religion, sex, and sexual orientation. While the Unruh Civil Rights Act specifically lists “sex, race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, disability, or medical condition” as protected classes. The California Supreme Court has held that protections under the Unruh Act are not necessarily restricted to these characteristics.

The Ralph Civil Rights Act (California Civil Code section 51.7): Forbids acts of violence or threats of violence because of a person’s race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, political affiliation, or position in a labor dispute (California Civil Code section 51.7). Hate violence can be verbal or written threats, physical assault or attempted assault, graffiti, vandalism, or property damage. The Ralph Act provides that all persons have the right to be free from violence committed against themselves or their property because of their race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, political affiliation, sex, sexual orientation, age, disability, position in a labor dispute, or because another person perceives them to have one or more of these characteristics.

The Bane Civil Rights Act (California Civil Code section 52.1): Provides another layer of protection for fair housing choice by protecting all people in Califo rnia from interference by force or threat of force with an individual’s constitutional or statutory rights, including a right to equal access to housing and prohibits local governments, from discriminating in housing development and all actions related to the provision of housing based on: age (40 and over), ancestry, color, religious creed, denial of family and medical care leave, disability (mental and physical) including HIV and AIDS, marital status, medical condition (cancer and genetic characteristics), genetic information, national origin, race, religion, sex (which includes pregnancy, childbirth and medical conditions related to pregnancy or childbirth), gender, gender identity, and gender expression and sexual orientation.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 75 of 199 Government Code section 12955(I): Prohibits discrimination through public or private land -use practices, decisions and authorizations.

Government Code section 12955.8 Government Code sections 11135, 65008, and 65580 - 65589.8: Prohibits discrimination in programs funded by the State and in any land-use decision as follows:

Government Code section 11135 - 11139.7: Provides protection from discrimination of protected classes from any program or activity that is conducted, funded directly by, or receives any financial assistance from the State. Specifically, whenever a state agency that administers a program or activity has reasonable cause to believe a contractor, grantee, or local agency has violated the provisions of Section 11135 or has adopted any regulation to implement such section, the head of the state agency shall notify the contractor, grantee, or local agency of such violation. If it is determined that a contractor, grantee, or local agency has violated the provisions of this article, the state agency that administers the program or activity involved shall take action to curtail state funding in whole or in part to such contractor, grantee, or local agency.

Welfare and Institutions Code sections 5115 and 5116 (The Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Services Act): Declares that mentally and physically disabled persons are entitled to live in normal residential surroundings and grants to each person in the State with a developmental disability a right to services and support in the “least restrictive environment.” In addition, this act provides that the use of the property for the care of six or fewer mentally disordered or otherwise handicapped persons is required by State law. Specifically, this act states: a State authorized or certified family care home, foster home, or group home serving six or fewer persons with disabilities or dependent and neglected children on a 24‐hour‐a‐day basis is considered a residential use to be permitted in all residential zones.

Housing Accountability Act (Government Code section 65589.5): Prohibits a jurisdiction from disapproving a housing development project, including housing for farmworkers and for very low, low, or moderate-income households, or conditioning approval in a manner that renders the project infeasible for development for the use of very low, low, or moderate-income households, including through the use of design review standards, unless it makes at least one of five specific written findings based on substantial evidence in the record (Government C ode Section 65589.5). Pursuant to the Housing Accountability Act, a local government is prohibited from making the finding regarding zoning and general plan inconsistency (Section 65589.5(d)(5)) to disapprove a development if the jurisdiction identified the site in its general plan (e.g., housing or land-use element) as appropriate for residential use at the density Packet Page 178 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 75 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 76 of 199 proposed or failed to identify adequate sites to accommodate its share of the regional housing need for all income groups.

Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007, extended these provisions to emergency shelters and transitional housing and prohibits the use of the zoning and general plan inconsistency finding to disapprove an emergency shelter if the jurisdictions have not identified a zone(s) wher e emergency shelters are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use or other discretionary permit; not demonstrated the identified zone(s) include sufficient capacity to accommodate the need for emergency shelter; or not demonstrated the identif ied zone(s) can accommodate at least one emergency shelter. This provision applies to any site identified in any element of the general plan for industrial, commercial, or multifamily residential uses. In any court action, the burden of proof is on the lo cal jurisdiction to demonstrate its housing element satisfies the above requirements.

HUD Office of General Counsel Guidance HUD Office of General Counsel Memorandum on Criminal History: In April 2016, HUD issued legal guidance from the Office of General Counsel (OGC) regarding the likely violation of the Fair Housing Act when housing providers employ blanket policies in refusing to rent or renew a lease based on an individual’s criminal history, because such policies may have a disparate impact on racial minorities. The guidance states, “[b]ecause of widespread racial and ethnic disparities in the U.S. criminal justice system, criminal history-based restrictions on access to housing are likely disproportionately to burden African-Americans and Hispanics.”

The guidance states that when a housing provider’s seemingly neutral policy or practice has a discriminatory effect, such as restricting access to housing on the basis of criminal history, and has a disparate impact on individuals of a particular race, national origin, or other protected class, the policy or practice is unlawful under the Fair Housing Act if it is not necessary to serve a substantial, legitimate, nondiscriminatory interest of the housing provider, or if the interest could be served by another practice that has a less discriminatory effect. The Guidance further states, “bald assertions based on generalization or stereotype that any individual with an arrest or conviction record poses a greater risk than those without such records are not sufficient.” Landlords and property managers must be able to prove through reliable evidence that blanket policies actually assist in protecting residents and property. The guidance also states that a housing provider with policies of excluding people because of a prior arrest without conviction cannot satisfy its burden of showing such a policy is necessary the policy must be applied on a case-by-case basis considering the nature and severity of the conviction, what the individual has done since the conviction, and how long ago the conviction took place.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 77 of 199 OGC Memorandum on Fair Housing Act Protections for Persons with Limited English Proficiency: In September 2016, HUD issued legal guidance discussing how the Fair Housing Act applies to a housing provider’s consideration of a person’s Limited English Proficiency (LEP), or the person’s limited ability to read, write, speak or understand English. The memorandum clarifies that while people with limited English proficiency are not a protected class under t he Fair Housing Act, the Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination on seven protected bases, including national origin, which is closely linked to the ability to communicate proficiently in English. Housing providers are, therefore, prohibited from using limited English proficiency selectively or as an excuse for intentional housing discrimination. The law also prohibits landlords from using limited English proficiency in a way that causes an unjustified discriminatory effect.

The Guidance addresses how various legal approaches, such as discriminatory effects and disparate treatment, apply in Fair Housing Act cases in which a housing-related decision – such as a landlord’s refusal to rent or renew a lease – involves a person’s limited ability to speak, read, write, or understand English. Discriminatory practices, for example, could include applying a language-related requirement to people of certain races or nationalities, posting advertisements that contain blanket statements, such as “all tenants must speak English," or immediately turning away applicants who are not fluent in English. Targeting racial or national origin groups for scams related to housing also constitutes intentional discrimination. A housing provider also violates the Fair Housing Act when the provider’s policies or practices have an unjustified discriminatory effect, even when the provider had not intended to discriminate.

Determining whether a practice has a discriminatory effect involves a three-step legal evaluation of the statistical evidence of a discriminatory effect; whether the housing provider’s policy or practice is necessary to achieve a substantial, legitimate, nondiscriminatory interest; and, if so, whether there is a less discriminatory alternative policy or practice.

OGC Memorandum on Application of Fair Housing Act Standards to the Enforcement of Local Nuisance and Crime-Free Housing Ordinances Against Victims of Domestic Violence, Other Crime Victims, and Others Who Require Police or Emergency Services: In September 2016, HUD issued guidance to explain how the Fair Housing Act applies to ensure that the growing number of local nuisance ordinances and crime-free housing ordinances do not lead to discrimination in violation of the Act. This Memorandum’s guidance focuses prima rily on the impact these ordinances may have on domestic violence victims, but the Act and the standards apply equally to victims of other crimes and to those in need of emergency services which may be subjected to discrimination prohibited by the Act, due to the operation of these ordinances.

The guidance further addresses the obligation of HUD -funded recipients to consider the Packet Page 180 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 77 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 78 of 199 impacts of the ordinances in assessing how they will fulfill their affirmative obligation to further fair housing.

The Memorandum describes that a growing number of local governments are enacting a variety of nuisance ordinances that can affect housing in potentially discriminatory ways. These ordinances often label various types of conduct associated with the property—whether the conduct is by a resident, guest or other person —a “nuisance” and require the landlord or homeowner to abate the nuisance under the threat of a variety of penalties. The conduct defined as a nuisance varies by ordinance and has ranged from conduct affecting the appearance of the property to general prohibitions related to the conduct of a tenant or guest.

Nuisance ordinances have included what is characterized by the ordinance as an “excessive” number of calls for emergency police or ambulance services, typically defined as just a few calls within a specified period of time by a tenant, neighbor, or another third party, whether or no emergency police or ambulance services, typically defined as just a few calls within a specified period of time by a tenant, neighbor, or another third party, whether or not directly associated with the property. In some jurisdictions, an incident of domestic violence is defined as a nuisance without regard to whether the resident is the victim or the perpetrator of the domestic violence.

In other jurisdictions, incidents of domestic violence are not specifically defined as nuisances but may still be categorized as such because the ordinance broadly defines nuisance activity as the violation of any federal, state or local law, or includes conduct such as disturbing the peace, excessive noise, disorderly conduct, or calls for emergency services that exceed a specified number within a given timeframe. Even where ordinances expressly exclude victims of domestic violence or other crimes, victims are still frequently deemed to have committed nuisance conduct because police and other emergency service providers may not log the call as domestic violence, instead of categorizing it incorrectly as property damage, disturbing the peace or another type of nuisance conduct. The ordinances generally require housing providers either to abate the alleged nuisance or risk penalties, such as fines, loss of their rental permits, condemnation of their properties and, in some extreme instances, incarceration. Some ordinances may require the housing provider to evict the resident and their household after a specified number of alleged nuisance violations—often quite low—within a specific timeframe.

The Memorandum explains that the Fair Housing Act prohibits intentional housing discrimination and housing ordinances, policies or practices that have an unjustified discriminatory effect because of protected characteristics. While the Act does not prohibit local governments from appropriately considering nuisance or criminal conduct when enacting laws related to housing, governments should ensure that such ordinances and related policies or Packet Page 181 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 78 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 79 of 199 practices do not discriminate in violation of the Fair Housing Act. Where the enforcement of a nuisance or crime-free ordinance penalizes individuals for the use of emergency services or for being a victim of domestic violence or other crime, a local government bears the burden of proving that any discriminatory effect caused by such policy or practice is supported by a legally sufficient justification. Such a determination cannot be based on generalizations or stereotypes.

Selective use of nuisance or criminal conduct as a pretext for unequal treatment of individuals based on protected characteristics violates the Act.

The memorandum advises that repealing ordinances that deny access to housing by requiring or encouraging evictions or that create disparities in access to emergency services because of a protected characteristic is one step local governments can take to avoid Fair Housing Act violations and as part of a strategy to affirmatively further fair housing.

PRIVATE SECTOR PRACTICES
This section discusses the efforts to determine and evaluate the practices of the private sector as they relate to fair housing choice, including the policies and practices of real estate agents, property managers, and mortgage lenders. Requirements in terms of the documentation of mortgage lending patterns were discussed in the preceding Section.

Real Estate Sales Practices in the State of California
To engage in the business of real estate sales, a broker or salesperson must be licensed by the Department of Real Estate (DRE). The DRE also enforces violations of California real estate law.

The real estate industry in California is highly professionalized. Almost all real estate brokers and salespersons are affiliated with a real estate trade association. The two largest are the California Association of Realtors (CAR), associated with the National Association of Realtors (NAR), and the California Association of Real Estate Brokers (CAREB), associated with the National Association of Real Estate Brokers (NAREB). Members of NAREB are licensed to use the professional designation “Realtist.” The use of the term “Realtor” is restricted by NAR as a registered trademark. NAR has a professional code of conduct that specifically prohibits unequal treatment in professional services or employment practices on the basis of “race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin” (Article 10, NAR Code of Ethics).

Both prohibit members from promulgating deed restrictions or covenants based on race.

Article 10 of the NAR Code of Ethics provides that “Realtors shall not deny equal professional services to any person for reasons of race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin. Realtors shall not be a party to any plan or agreement to 93 discriminate Packet Page 182 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 79 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 80 of 199 against any person or persons on the basis of race, co lor, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin.” A Realtor pledges to conduct business in keeping with the spirit and letter of the Code of Ethics. Article 10 imposes obligations upon Realtors and is also a firm statement of support for equal opportunity in housing. A Realtor who suspects discrimination is instructed to call the local Board of Realtors. Local Boards of Realtors will accept complaints alleging violations of the Code of Ethics filed by a home seeker who alleges discriminatory treatment in the availability, purchase, or rental of housing. Local Boards of Realtors have a responsibility to enforce the Code of Ethics through professional standards procedures and corrective action in cases where a violation of the Code of Ethics is proven to have occurred.

The California Association of Realtors (CAR) has many local associations. Solano County is served by the Solano Association of Realtors and the Northern Solano County Association of Realtors. CAR offers continuous online courses for realtors dealing with fair housing requirements and issues. According to the course description, the course will provide an overview of the federal fair housing laws and an in-depth discussion of the individual laws and their application to the practice of real estate. The course also provides CAR members with a study of the State of California's fair housing laws and regulations. The course emphasizes anti- discriminatory conduct, which all licensees should practice and concludes by discussing the voluntary affirmative action marketing program and why promoting fair housing laws is a positive force at work in California and throughout the nation.

Rental and Property Management
The California Apartment Association (CAA) is the country’s largest statewide trade association for rental property owners and managers. CAA was incorporated in 1941 to serve rental property owners and managers throughout California. CAA represents rental housing owners and professionals who together manage more than 1.5 million rental units. CAA supports the spirit and intent of all local, state, and federal fair housing laws for all residents without regard to color, race, religion, sex, marital status, mental or physical disability, age, familial status, sexual orientation, or national origin. Members of the California Apartment Association agree to abide by the following provisions of their Code for Equal Housing Opportunity:
 We agree that in the rental, lease, sale, purchase, or exchange of real property, owners and their employees have the responsibility to offer housing accommodations to all persons on an equal basis;
 We agree to set and implement fair and reasonable rental housing rules and guidelines and will provide equal and consistent services throughout our resident’s tenancy;  We agree that we have no right or responsibility to volunteer information regarding the racial, creed, or ethnic composition of any neighborhood, and we do not engage in Packet Page 183 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 80 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 81 of 199 any behavior or action that would result in steering; and  We agree not to print, display, or circulate any statement or advertisement that indicates any preference, limitations, or discrimination in the rental or sale of housing.

Solano CAA serves Solano County, and the same agency serves the Sacramento Valley. Its office is in Sacramento.

Rental and Property Management: The CAA has been working to professionalize the property management field. It developed and offers a California Certified Residential Manager (CCRM) program which includes a course on fair housing law. In addition, the CAA website provides links to the Fair Housing Institute and Fair Housing Network.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 82 of 199 8 . GOVERNMENT BARRIERS TO FAIR HOUSING CHOICE
The Association of
Bay Area
Governments
(ABAG) compiles
information about
policies critical to
the development of
affordable housing.

The list that follows
identifies
governmental
barriers (TABLE 42).

The role of local government is critical to the assurance of fair housing choice in its ability to advocate for fair housing, to assure the enforcement of fair housing law, and to remove barriers to fair housing. Local government can also create obstacles to fair housing choice by adopting laws, codes, procedures, or practices that limit fair housing choice, have an undue impact on the provision of one or more housing types, or have an undue impact on the ability of certain classes of persons to access housing. There are also certain factors affecting fair housing choice over which local government has limited or no control. These factors include market forces, the availability of land, environmental concerns, and the policies of higher jurisdictions. To TABLE 44 – ABAG Housing Policy Database 2.0
Housing Policies and Programs Fairfield
Acquisition/Rehabilitation/Conversion YES*
By-Right Strategies
Commercial Development Impact Fee NO*
Condominium Conversion Ordinance YES*
Flexible Parking Requirements YES*
Form-Based Codes Yes, in some areas
General Fund Allocation YES
Graduated Density Bonus YES
Homeowner Repair or Rehabilitation YES
Home Sharing Programs NO*
Housing Development Impact Fee NO*
Housing Overlay Zones NO*
Implementation of SB743 YES
Local Inclusionary Housing Ordinance YES*
In-Lieu Fees (Inclusionary Zoning) YES in limited cases Just Cause Eviction NO*
Locally-Funded Homebuyer Assistance YES*
Mobile Home Conversion Ordinance NO
One-to-One Replacement YES
Preservation of Mobile Homes (Rent
Stabilization Ordinance) NO*
Reduced Fees or Permit Waivers YES*
Rent Stabilization NO*
SRO Preservation Ordinance YES*
Streamlined Permitting Process YES*
Surplus Public Lands Act
Tenant-Based Assistance YES*
Compiled by the Association of Bay Area Governments, February 2017

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 83 of 199 ameliorate some of these factors, the local government will have programs to provide incentives that facilitate housing choice. This section reviews the land use policies and practices of the City of Fairfield as they relate to fair housing choice. A particular emphasis is placed on the City’s efforts to remove barriers to the provision of affordable housing, emergency shelter, and transitional housing. This section also analyzes constraints on the provision of a variety of housing types and the ability of the City to provide low-cost housing.

LAND USE POLICIES AN D PRACTICES
Fairfield General Plan
The City of Fairfield General Plan establishes the broad vision for the future development of the City, including land use, housing, circulation, health and safety, public facilities and services, economic development, and open space and conservation. All of these elements impact the development of healthy residential neighborhoods.

The Land Use vision established in the General Plan defines areas suitable for residential (and mixed-use) development in the City, with specific areas designated for different densities and types of housing.

The Housing Element contains an analysis of the vacant housing sites identified in the Land Use Element of the General Plan. According to the City’s adopted Housing Element (Certified as meeting State law in 2015), the City of Fairfield has adequate vacant land with a General Plan designation (and/or zoning) appropriate to permit the development of housing needed to meet the needs of all income groups. No particular pattern of vacant land use designations was found to correspond to areas of poverty or racial concentration.

In Fairfield, the General Plan Land Use Elements establishes the following density ranges for housing:
 Very High Density (22-32 dwelling units per acre (du/a))  High Density (15-22 du/a)
 Medium Density (8-15 du/a)
 Low Medium Density (508 du/a)
 Low Density (below 5 du/a)

In general, the higher density land use designations are intended for multifamily development (apartments and condominiums), with medium density permitting both single-family and multifamily development, and the lower densities more suitable for single-family homes. The Packet Page 186 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 83 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 84 of 199 Housing Element assumes that “affordable” housing will primarily be provided at the higher densities and through multifamily housing, although City policy also supports low- and moderate-income homeownership of single-family homes.

In conclusion, the City of Fairfield General Plan recognizes the need for a variety of housing types, establishes a framework for the growth and redevelopment of the City that facilitates diverse housing development, and does not in itself constitute a barrier to housing production.

Specific Plans
Supplementing and complementing the General Plan, the City has adopted two specific plans which provide for unique, flexible residential and mixed -use development. While not explicitly aimed at increasing the supply of affordable housing, the Train Station Specific Plan and the Heart of Fairfield Plan both envision diverse housing types in mixed-use, walkable communities which offer unique opportunities in the Fairfield Market. Together, these Specific Plans envision over 7,000 potential housing units.

The Train Station Specific Plan is located in northeastern Fairfield, immediately north of Travis AFB and east of Peabody Road. The Plan envisions a completely new residential, recreation, educational, commercial, and employment community centered on the recently opened Tom Hannigan Station of the Capitol Corridor railroad line. The Capitol Corridor system provides direct access to employment centers in the Bay Area and Sacramento. Affordable housing will be one component of the community, with the City currently undertaking preliminary discussions with regional affordable housing providers.

The Heart of Fairfield Plan addresses redevelopment and intensification of development in the original Downtown Fairfield as well as the West Texas Street corridor. The Plan calls for high- density housing near the Suisun City-Fairfield Train Station in downtown Suisun City as well as infill development on “catalyst sites” located throughout the Plan area. The City is currently studying the reconfiguration of West Texas Street into a true urban boulevard, a framework for long-term intensification through mixed-use development of the corridor. Affordable housing is an element of the Specific Plan, with several sites in the Plan area under study for development with affordable or mixed-income housing.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 85 of 199 Zoning Ordinance
The City of Fairfield Zoning Ordinance implements the overall land use and development vision in the General Plan. The Zoning Ordinance permits a variety of housing types that provide a full range of housing choices. Housing types permitted in the Fairfield Zoning Ordinance include single-family dwellings, duplexes, multi-family apartments, accessory dwelling units, and mobile homes. The Zoning Ordinance also permits or conditionally permits a range of specialized housing types, including residential care homes, nursing homes, assisted living communities, and emergency shelters. The City also permits or encourages mixed-use development in which housing office, commercial, and institutional land uses are combined on a single property.

Given the broad range of housing types permitted in the City, the Zoning Ordinances themselves do not constitute a significant barrier to housing production.

The Fairfield Zoning Ordinance also establishes standards for residential development in the City. These include density, height, lot coverage, setbacks, parking, landscaping, and architectural quality. Zoning standards can determine the feasibility of housing development in the City. However, through various provisions in the Zoning Ordinance, including the Density Bonus Ordinance, variances, and conditional use permits, the City of Fairfield has substantial flexibility in working with project advocates to adjust standards to facilitate projects.

Fairfield Density Bonus Options
The City provides incentives to encourage the production of quality housing for lower-income and senior citizen segments of the community in compliance with the General Plan Housing Element and state density bonus law (California Government Code Section 65915). In order to be eligible for a density bonus and other incentives as provided by this Government Code section, a proposed residential development project must consist of five or more units and meet one or more of the following criteria:
 Very Low-Income Rental Housing. 5% of the units are affordable to households whose total household income is less than 50 percent of the county median income (very low - income households).
 Low-Income Rental Housing. 10% of the units are affordable to households whose total household income is less than 80 percent of the county median income (low-income households).
 Senior Housing. 50% of the units are set aside for persons age 62 and older or persons age 55 and older in a residential development consisting of at least 35 dwelling units that are developed for, or substantially rehabilitated or renovated for, senior citizens.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 86 of 199 Condominiums and Planned Developments (Moderate-Income Households). 10% of the dwelling units in a condominium project or planned development as defined in the California Civil Code for persons and families with less than 120% of the county median income (moderate-income households).

Developers seeking the incentives are required to submit a written proposal and project plans for Conceptual Review to the Department of Community Development prior to making a formal development application. Incentives include increased density and reductions in development standards.

Finally, the Zoning Ordinance establishes the basic framework for entitling housing projects, including reviewing and approving said projects. The Ordinance permits smaller housing projects to be approved through an Administrative Hearing process that speeds review and approval. Larger projects that do not require a General Plan Amendment or Zone Change can be approved by the Fairfield Planning Commission.

The City is committed to being fully in compliance with recent California State legislation designed to speed and provide additional certainty for project supporters in the review and approval of housing projects. The City continues to review and modify its policies and procedures in light of the California housing crisis.

SPECIAL NEEDS HOUSING
Based on community needs, there are certain housing types that warrant further analysis.

Community Care Facilities
Permitting residential care facilities, transitional housing, and housing that serves the homeless is essential to fair housing choice. The City permits residential community care facilities with a State license in all residential zoning districts.

No public hearing or administrative action other than ministerial approval is required for the use of existing housing units as a community care facility. Construction of new single-family homes that may be used for a community care facility is treated like all other single -family homes and requires a “Minor Discretionary Approval,” which requires public notice but no hearing.

Emergency Shelters
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 87 of 199 The City allows emergency shelters in the CS, CC, CT, IL and CM zoning districts with a conditional use permit. In addition, the City has established a special overlay district, the ES Emergency Overlay District, that covers several parcels along Beck Avenue. The overlay district includes the City’s existing SHELTER Solano, Inc. homeless shelter as well as several vacant or partially vacant parcels that could support additional housing and services. Note that these sites on Beck Avenue have access to public transportation and are adjacent to the Solano County Health and Social Services Department, making access to County social services convenient to those using the shelter.

Transitional Housing
According to the Zoning Ordinance, transitional housing is: a service providing intermediate shelter to persons for up to nine months. Transitional housing will offer, either on or off-site, access to social services, counseling, and other programs to assist formerly homeless residents in the transition to permanent housing. This classification does not include facilities licensed for residential care by the State of California or homeless shelters.

The City does not define “Transitional Housing” as land use. Instead, these services are defined as follows:

Transitional and supportive housing is not regulated as separate land use. Rather, it is a means of occupying a residential land use (e.g., single-family detached housing, duplex, multifamily), and such occupancy must meet all existing standard requirements for the underlying residential land use and the residential unit. Determinations regarding the permissiveness of transitional housing will depend on the number of independent arrangements between tenants and the operator of the service. For example, more than two independent arrangements within a single housing unit will be regulated as a boarding house.

BUILDING CODES, ACCESSIBILITY, AND ADA COMPLIANCE
Improvements to residences to bring them into compliance with Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) regulations typically require only a building permit and ministerial review by Planning staff. For the few improvements that require adjustments to zoning standards, the Zoning Ordinance includes an established process that complies with state planning law. Rehabilitation of multi-family housing will typically require only administrative-level approvals if exterior changes to the building are necessary.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 88 of 199 The City of Fairfield implements the California Building Standards Code (CBSC), which incorporates by reference the Uniform Building Code (UBC). The CBSC contains specific but flexible guidance regarding improvements necessary for accessibility to persons with physical disabilities. More recently, the CBC has been updated to incorporate the 2010 changes to the ADA Title II for government-sponsored residential properties in Chapter 11B. Chapter 11A contains those items that are covered under the Fair Housing Act.

The City of Fairfield’s building codes has not been found to limit the ability to provide or improve accessibility to residential structures. Fairfield is, for the most part, a newer community, and few constraints have arisen with the implementation of the CBC. Building Division staff is familiar with the code and can provide advice to homeowners and contractors interested in meeting accessibility requirements. For example, while no permit is typically required for a ramp, staff can assist interested persons in designing a ramp to meet their needs.

There are two approaches to housing design for mobility impairment: adaptability and accessibility. Adaptable housing is a design concept in which a dwelling unit contains design features that allow for accessibility and use by mobility-impaired individuals with only minor modifications. An accessible unit has the actual special features (e.g., grab bars and special cabinetry) installed in the unit.

To address the need for the adaptability and accessibility of housing by mobility -impaired individuals, the California Department of Housing & Community Development has adopted a series of requirements for new rental housing. These regulations implement most of the requirements of federal law for federally financed housing projects, plus several additional requirements. California law requires that 5% of the dwellin g units in a newly constructed apartment building, hotel, motel, lodge, or other rental project include design features for adaptable use by mobility-impaired individuals.

The Fairfield Building Division is charged with implementing state requirements for accessibility, as well as the City’s adopted CBSC requirements. The state requirements address exterior and interior design features, such as walkways leading to a dwelling unit, the gradient of the access way to the main entrance, changes in level, entry width, threshold height, ramp and landing design, corridor widths, types of door locks and latch es, electrical outlet and switch heights, bathroom configuration and clear space, ability to install grab bars in bathrooms, knee space under lavatories and sinks, the height of countertops, the configuration of a kitchen, and other aspects of housing design.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 89 of 199

RESOURCES AND INCENT IVES FOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING
Efforts by the City to assist in the development, rehabilitation, and preservation of affordable housing would utilize organizational and financial types of resources. Local, state and federal housing programs are valuable resources in assisting in the development of affordable housing, preservation of at-risk housing, and housing rehabilitation.

Assisted Housing Projects
The City of Fairfield has a significant number of assisted rental housing units totaling 1,671 units, of which 1,261 units are for families, 381 are for seniors, and 29 are for special needs groups. The inventory includes units assisted under federal, state, and local programs.

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9. FAIRFIELD’S HOUSING ELEMENT POLICIE S & PROGRAMS
The Fairfield Housing Element addresses housing development, rehabilitation, and conservation. It sets forth actions the City will undertake to assist residents in maintaining their homes and in helping ensure that there is an adequate supply of safe, affordable housing for existing and future residents. The element also addresses the special housing needs of individuals requiring assistance, such as elderly residents, single mothers with children, low- income and large families, military personnel, the homeless, and mobility-impaired residents.

The policies and programs for housing bear a close relationship to City policies contained in the Land Use Element. The amount of housing needed, for example, depends in part on the amount of commercial and industrial development planned.

A direct link exists between jobs and the demand for housing. The Land Use Element also dictates the distribution and density of housing throughout the city. In sum, the Housing Element determines how much and what type of housing is needed, while the Land Use Element provides for the location, distribution, and density of housing.

The overall goal for the City of Fairfield Housing Element is to encourage a high-quality residential environment with a wide range of housing opportunities throughout the city affordable to a diverse population of renters, owners, and people with special needs. The City will promote housing opportunities for all persons regardless of race, religion, sex, marital status, ancestry, national origin, color, familial status, or disability.

The City will continue to focus on preserving and improving existing housing and neighborhoods by directing resources to physical rehabilitation, neighborhood revitalization, and upgrading property management to improve living conditions for residents. To implement the goal, the Housing Element contains seven Objectives for meeting the City’s defined housing needs. These are summarized as follows:

1. HO1: Provide for varied housing opportunities, in terms of type, price, amenities, neighborhood design, and location, for all income groups and family types.

2. HO2: Encourage infill housing in developed areas of the City.

3. HO3: Meet the housing needs of extremely low-, very low-, low- and moderate-income households identified in the Regional Housing Needs Allocation.

4. HO4: Provide relocation assistance and, where appropriate, replacement of affordable housing removed in the City.

5. HO5: Improve and conserve the existing supply of housing and the City’s Packet Page 193 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 90 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 82 of 199 neighborhoods.

6. HO6: Create housing opportunities for people with special needs.

7. HO7: Promote energy conservation.

These Objectives go beyond “Fair Housing” per se and focus on developing and protecting an attractive, safe, affordable, and stable housing market in the City of Fairfield.

Under each objective are policies and programs developed to implement the objective. These include implementation of or changes to City policies related to housing, specific funding mechanisms that might be useful in making feasible a housing project for a special needs population, and changes to the Zoning Ordinance or development requirements for the City.

The City’s Housing Element Policy Document for 2014 – 2022 can be found in its entirety at:
https://www.fairfield.ca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BlobID=14421

The City has to undertake multiple efforts to implement the recommendations and requirements of the Housing Element. Key accomplishments in recent years include:
 Administration of the HUD Housing Choice Voucher Program (HCV);  HOME Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (TBRA) Program;
 Heart of Fairfield Plan and Zoning Ordinance for Downtown Fairfield;  Amending the Zoning Ordinance to encourage accessory dwelling units;  Entitlement of two infill housing projects in the Heart of Fairfield Plan;  Entitlement of a major new development area in the Train Station Specific Plan; and  Amendment of the Zoning Ordinance to permit emergency shelters near county social services.

The City prepares an annual report for the State of California on the implementation of the Housing Element. The 2020 Housing narrative from the report is attached as Appendix 6.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 83 of 199 1 0 . FAIR HOUSING ACTIVITIES

FAIR HOUSING ADVOCATES OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA (FHANC) In 2017, the City executed a contract with FHANC to provide fair housing services to:
 Respond to Inquiries;
 Conduct Fair Housing testing;
 Conduct complaint investigations; offer mediation/intervention services if the complainant desires, and refer complaints to HUD or DFEH as appropriate; and  Provide community education, outreach and engagement.

Approximately once a quarter, FHANC conducts a workshop or conference on a topic of importance. The Spring conference in 2019 focused on “Understanding Housing Segregation – Tools to Advance Access and Opportunity" and gathered community members, nonprofits, advocates, real estate professionals and municipal leaders from the counties of Solano, Marin, Sonoma, and the greater Bay Area.

A review of quarterly reports from the calendar year 2017 to the presently listed complaints about discrimination against people with disabilities as the reason why over 70% of tenants/clients sought fair housing assistance. All were issues of property management staff not agreeing to make reasonable accommodations for tenants in various circumstanc es. Many times property management staff appeared to be unaware of fair housing requirements.

FHANC’s interventions resulted in tenants obtaining the reasonable accommodations needed.

Fair Housing Audits of City of Fairfield/Solano County
Since 2013, there have been four audits conducted by FHANC:

1. Race and Source of Income Discrimination in Rental Housing in Solano, Marin and Sonoma Counties. Results:
 In Solano County, 60% of the African American testers encountered some differential treatment either on the basis of race or source of income.

2. Discrimination against Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Persons in Rental Housing in Solano County. Results:
 In Fairfield, 59% of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing testers encountered differential treatment.

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3. National Origin Discrimination in Rental Housing in Solano County Based on Latino Voice Identification. Results:
 In Fairfield, 58% of properties tested showed Latinos encountered some differential treatment in the leasing process.

4. Criminal Background Checks as a Screening Tool for Race/National Origin Discrimination in Rental Housing in Solano, Marin and Sonoma Counties. Results:
 In Fairfield,46% of testers encountered at least some discrepancies or disadvantaged in treatment for the African-American and Latino/a testers.

2010 ANALYSIS OF IMPEDIME NTS
The 2010 City of Fairfield Analysis of Impediments identified the following impediments:

Impediment 1: Residential segregation by race, ethnicity, or income Action 1.1: Annually monitor residential segregation by race or ethnicity, using the U.S.

Census as part of the annual CAPER.

What Happened - City initially used GIS mapping to locate Section 8 Voucher units and such demographics as family size through 2016. In 2017, the responsible staff members retired or took medical leave and this action. Unfortunately, when the Housing Authority Manager was out on medical leave, this task was not assigned to anyone else; thus, the Fairfield Housing Authority was short-staffed.

Action 1.2: Provide resources to educate real estate stakeholders (e.g., tenants, homebuyers, real estate agents, brokers) about local, state, and federal fair housing laws and regulations on the Fairfield Housing Authority website and in the lobby of the Housing Aut hority.

What Happened - City contracted with Fair Housing Advocates of Northern California to do training for staff, landlords, lenders and members of the public (Section 8 Voucher holders were encouraged to attend).

Action 1.3: Encourage and facilitate landlord workshops for owners or property managers in low- and moderate-income areas of the city. Subject to availability, the City of Fairfield will set aside $500 per year from the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) to fac ilitate landlord workshops.

What Happened - City contracted with Fair Housing Advocates of Northern California to conduct training for staff, landlords, lenders and members of the public. The City also set aside and committed $40,000 per year for fair housing services.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 85 of 199 Impediment 2: Concentration of subsidized housing
Action 2.1: Annually monitor the location of those receiving Section 8 rental assistance to see if any negative housing patterns emerge related to race or ethnicity.

What Happened- This is part of SEMAP (the annual report card for Section 8) and takes place annually.

Action 2.2: Participate in the local California Apartment Association chapter meetings or other local owner and property manager training, meetings, or seminars to encourage l andlord participation in the Housing Choice Voucher program.

What Happened - CITY/FHA is a member, and staff attends meetings and trainings.

Impediment 3: High number of foreclosures negatively affecting the quality of residential neighborhoods
Action 3.1: Provide appropriate legal and financial referrals to Fairfield homeowners facing foreclosure.

What Happened - Staff did this as long as there was a foreclosure crisis. The City also created a Vacant Properties Program within the Police Department’s Code Enforcement Division that requires property owners, including banks, to register their vacant property with the City and regularly maintain the property.

Action 3.2: Provide appropriate legal and financial referrals to educate and protect tenants who are renting homes that go into foreclosure.

What Happened - Staff did this as long as there was a foreclosure crisis. The city partnered with (CDBG resource center in Vacaville for foreclosure assistance)

Action 3.3: Maintain annual membership with the California Apartment Association as a resource for current laws regarding real estate law and practices.

What Happened - City continues annual membership

Action 3.4: Encourage neighbors to form a neighborhood watch program to watch for and prevent criminal behavior in vacant homes.

What Happened - The Police Department and Code Enforcement implemented this. The Police Department’s Crime Prevention Unit now oversees over 100 area Neighborhood Watch programs throughout the city.

Action 3.5: Respond to recurring neighborhood problems by developing comprehensive neighborhood-based programming that involves the Fairfield Police Department, Fairfield Packet Page 197 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 94 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 86 of 199 Code Enforcement, Fairfield Housing Authority, Fairfield Community Development Department, and Fairfield Community Resources Department.

What Happened - In response to concerns, the City task force developed a crime-free multifamily housing program which is overseen by the Fairfield Police Department.

However, the belief among Section 8 Voucher holders is that no one with a criminal background can obtain housing in buildings in the program. The police have recently been made aware of this perception and will be working with FHA staff to provide information that a person with a criminal background needs to sign an agreement that they will not engage in criminal activities while living on the property.

Action 3.6: Promote various community partnerships that include property owners, nonprofits, and business associations.

What Happened - The City created a formal Quality of Life Task Force in 2015 to strengthen relationships with community stakeholders, property owners and managers, and residents. The Task Force is comprised of representatives from all City Departments, including police, housing, economic development, planning, code enforcement and crime prevention, and the FHA in order to best work with area agencies. The City’s Task Force has created long-standing partnerships with the local Chamber of Commerce, the Business Improvement District, faith-based organizations, and local service providers to efficiently and effectively respond to community needs and improve quality of life.

Impediment 4: Reduce administrative barriers to affordable housing Action 4.1: Provide incentives and financial assistance in exchange for affordability covenants.

What Happened - The City has addressed this in multiple ways through the acquisition and rehab of properties in partnership with housing developers. In addition to utilizing two NSP grants between 2010 and 2012 to acquire foreclosed properties, conduct substantial rehab, and sell the properties to income-eligible buyers on a scattered-site basis throughout the city, the following are additional noteworthy projects:

Signature at Fairfield - The City conducted an assembly and acquisition of three adjacent properties to consolidate ownership, do substantial rehab, and convert to affordable housing. This property is within the Neighborhood Revitalization Initiative area.

Steve Hanley- Gardenstone - As part of the conditions of the Use Permit approved by the Planning Commission, April 27, 2016, for the Gardenstone Development by Steve Hanley, he is required to set aside one unit out of the ten that are being developed, at an affordable price for a household at or below 120% AMI.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 87 of 199 1700 Santa Monica, MidPen – On December 20, 2018, MidPen received a predevelopment loan for $1.3M for predevelopment activities on a proposed 72-unit affordable development at 1700 Santa Monica. The Fairfield Housing Authority is currently working with MidPen Housing on finalizing the terms of a DDLA that will incorporate the full amount of the Fairfield Housing Authority’s and City’s assistance to this project. This assistance will include a $2M loan from the Low-Mod Funds, a Housing Authority-owned land donation worth $2,278,000, and City Fee Credits up to $1M, and City Fee Deferrals up to approximately $600K. 1700 Santa Monica is the new construction of a 72-unit affordable rental community for low, very low, and extremely low-income individuals, families, and chronically homeless and homeless households with mental illness. Up to 36 units will be set aside for extremely low and very low-income chronically homeless households. The balance of the units will b e restricted to 50% and 60% AMI households.

Sunset Creek Apts., MidPen - In FY 2017/2018, the City provided a loan using Fairfield Housing Authority funds to the Sunset Creek Apartments in the amount of $1,275,000 for the purpose of completing a major rehabilitation of this affordable housing development. As a requisite to providing the loan, an Amendment to the original Affordable Housing Covenant was executed, previously executed in 1993, which amends, extends and restates the Affordable Housing Covenant, further restricting additional units from the original 38 units to 75 units and extending the affordable covenants on all units for 55 years after completion of the renovation improvements. Fifteen (15 or 20%) of the Affordable Units shall be available and restricted to Eligible Households whose income does not exceed 50% of the Area Median Income, adjusted for household size appropriate to the unit, at an Affordable Rent. 52 (or 69.33%) of the Affordable Units shall be available and restricted to Eligible Households whose income does not exceed 60% of the Area Median Income, adjusted for household size appropriate to the unit, at an Affordable Rent. 8 (or 10.67%) of the Affordable Units shall be available and restricted to Eligible Households whose income does not exceed thirty percent (30%) of the Area Median Income, adjusted for household size appropriate to the unit, at an Affordable Rent.

The Vines at Tabor, 200 East Tabor Avenue - In FY 2017/2018, the City, through the Housing Authority, made a loan to The Vines at Tabor in the amount of $400,000 for the purpose of completing the acquisition and major rehabilitation of this 23 unit affordable housing development. The Regulatory Agreement will maintain the affordable covenants on all units for 55 years after completion of the renovation improvements and requires; 15 (or 65%) of the Affordable Units that are one-bedroom units shall be available and restricted to Eligible Households whose income does not exceed 80% of the Area Median Income, adjusted for household size appropriate to the unit, at an Affordable Rent. Three (or 13%) of the Affordable Units that are two-bedroom units shall be available Packet Page 199 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 96 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 88 of 199 and restricted to Eligible Households whose income does not exceed 80% of the Area Median Income, adjusted for household size appropriate to the unit, at an Affordable Rent.

Five (or 22%) of the Affordable Units that are one-bedroom units shall be available and restricted to Eligible Households whose income does not exceed 30% of the Area Median Income, adjusted for household size appropriate to the unit, at an Affordable Rent. 212 East Tabor, EAH Housing - EAH Housing is planning to build 67 all affordable units at 212 East Tabor. The City will provide assistance via a Low-Mod Fund loan, Fee Credits, HOME loan, and Fee Deferrals in the range of $2-$3M.

Action 4.2: Improve infrastructure in targeted neighborhoods using CDBG funding when available.

What Happened - Public Works and other City departments have utilized CDBG funding for infrastructure and parks in low-income neighborhoods.

Action 4.3: Provide staff support in targeted neighborhoods to offer or assist with resident meetings, tenant services, and neighborhood improvements as funding allows.

What Happened - Staff support for resident meetings and tenant services has been minimal because of major staff turnover in the last three years. However, as stated in 3.6 above, the City actively utilizes the Quality of Life Task Force to assess and implement neighborhood improvements throughout the year. This includes neighborhood cleanups, community outreach, community events in targeted neighborhoods to continuously solicit feedback from residents on community needs.

Additionally, for the past eight years, the City has held a Senior Home Assistance and Repair Event (SHARE) to provide housing rehab for seniors and people with disabilities within the City’s Neighborhood Revitalization Initiative Areas. Additionally, the City provides emergency access grants using CDBG and HOME funds for qualifying residents needing emergency improvements, such as roof repairs, heating and air, wheelchair ramps, etc. The ADA improvements to rental housing is a much more difficult program than expected because the landlord has to give permission for the work to be done , and few agree.

Action 4.4: Apply for state or federal funding to acquire, rehabilitate, and re-sell foreclosed property to low-income homebuyers.

What Happened - The City was awarded a Neighborhood Stabilization Program grant through the state and worked with the Resource Center in Vacaville to assist Fairfield residents.

The City continues to seek funding through regional agencies the state and federal government.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 89 of 199 Impediment 5: Negative financial and social influences on fair housing activity Action 5.1: Provide the HUD-903 Housing Discrimination Complaint Form in the Fairfield Housing Authority lobby in English and Spanish, and also on the City website.

What Happened - The HUD-903 is on the City’s website and the FHA lobby in English and Spanish. The form now needs to be translated into Tagalog since the Language Access Plan found that Spanish and Tagalog were the two languages most spoken by limited English speakers.

Action 5.2: Provide a copy of the fair housing brochure, Fair Housing—It’s Your Right, to all Section 8 tenants at voucher briefings or to the general public, as requested.

What Happened - These are provided to clients and are in the FHA lobby, and translation is underway in both Spanish and Tagalog.

Action 5.3: Annually monitor fair housing activity to track current trends as part of the annual CAPER.

What Happened - The CAPER mentions fair housing activity based on reports from Fair Housing Advocates of Northern California. The City receives these reports quarterly in order to track trends and assess community needs.

Impediment 6: Discriminatory lending practices
Action 6.1: Annually monitor the HMDA [Home Mortgage Disclosure Act] data for discriminatory lending practices as part of the annual CAPER.

What Happened – Not accomplished due to staff leave and turnover.

Action 6.2: Leverage multiple financing sources, to expand homeownership opportunities when funding is available.

What Happened - The focus right now is on providing assistance to affordable multi- family rental developments. City staff from the City Manager’s Office, Planning, Housing, and the FHA responsible for housing production and maintenance meet bi-weekly to track project progress, prioritize funding, and assess new opportunities.

Action 6.3: Offer other asset and financial sources for affordable homeownership programs, including HOME funds, Below Market Rate (BMR) homes, and Mortgage Credit Certificates (MCC) if available.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 90 of 199 What Happened - 2014-2016 City staff offered to layer with available HOME funds and offered MCCs. Since then, the affordable homeownership program has been mostly inactive due to limited staff levels.

OTHER ACTIONS TO AFFIRMATI VELY FURTHER FAIR HO USING
In addition to the above-stated actions in compliance with the Analysis of Impediments, this section describes other City efforts to affirmatively further fair housing.

Annual Action Plans
The City of Fairfield’s Annual Action Plans describe ways the City will address fair housing issues by promoting fair housing opportunities and equal access to housing. These include having a City contractor offer annual landlord workshops to address fair housing and to promote the Housing Choice Voucher program. The City’s Citizen Participation Plan section highlights the process by which reasonable accommodations are available to persons with disabilities at public meetings. For non-English speaking residents that attend public meetings, the City will provide translation services upon request.

Annual Performance Reports (CAPERs)
The City’s Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation Report (CAPER) documents accomplishments in affirmatively further fair housing that have been undertaken in a given year. In order to remedy discrimination in housing, the City undertook the following:
 Contracted with the Northern California Fair Housing Advocates to operate the City’s fair housing programs.
 Monitored fair housing activities and provided annual updates to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Records of fair housing activities were maintained at the Housing Authority office.
 Provided the HUD-903 Housing Discrimination Complaint Form at the Fairfield Housing Authority lobby in English and Spanish and also on the City website.  Provided a copy of the fair housing brochure Fair Housing - “It’s Your Right” to all Section 8 tenants at voucher briefings and to the general public on request.  Increased the number of Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers available to residents of Fairfield and the number of available units.
 Responded to recurring neighborhood problems by developing a compreh ensive Neighborhood Revitalization Initiative and Quality of Life Task Force program that involves all City departments, particularly the City Manager’s Office, Public Works, Packet Page 202 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 99 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 91 of 199 Police Department Homeless Intervention Team, Code Enforcement, and Housing Division.
 Attended the local California Apartment Association chapter meetings to encourage landlord participation in the Housing Choice Voucher program.  Continued membership in the California Apartment Association (CAA). The CAA has monthly meetings and provides an excellent resource for current laws regarding real estate practices.
 Secured consultant support to assist in specialized compliance with Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity and other Civil Rights laws, including access to programs and services by persons who are disabled and those with limited English proficiency.  Released a Request for Proposals in November 2019 to secure extended fair housing services to include but are not limited to: city staff training on fair housing laws and indicators; landlord/tenant rights, identification of fair housing discrimination and remedies, expansion of public outreach and education about fair housing laws, tenant rights, and identification of discrimination. Fair Housing Advocates of Northern California were chosen as the Fair Housing Provider.

One of the most important steps toward fair housing and affordable housing taken by the City was to develop the objectives, policies, and programs in Fairfield’s updated Housing Element.

These are listed in Chapter 8 and, as implemented, will make a significant improvement for low-income households in protected classes.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 92 of 199 1 1 . IMPEDIMENTS AND AC TIONS TO OVERCOME FOR FY 2022 -27 To affirmatively further fair housing, a community must work to remove impediments to fair housing choice. As defined by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Fair Housing Planning Guide (1996), impediments to fair housing choice are:
 Any actions, omissions, or decisions taken because of race, color, ancestry, national origin, religion, sex, disability, marital status, familial status, or any other arbitrary factor which restrict housing choices or availability of housing choices; or  Any actions, omissions, or decisions which have the effect of restricting housing choices or the availability of housing choices on the basis of race, color, ancestry, national origin, religion, sex, disability, marital status, familial status, or any other arbitrary factor.

This analysis has identified the following impediments and actions to add ress those impediments.

IMPEDIMENT #1. RESI DENTIAL SEGREGATION
ISSUES: HUD’s CPD Maps shows 19 assisted multifamily projects in Fairfield, of which four serve low-income, elderly and special needs households. Seventeen are located in or adjacent to areas of minority concentration in the downtown Redevelopment Area. All of the subsidized housing projects funded by the City, the City’s Redevelopment Agency and/or City’s Housing Authority were constructed between 10 and 20 years ago.

At that time, the Redevelopment Agency was responsible for working with developers of affordable housing projects. One of the most utilized revitalization strategies was to locate new multifamily developments in the Redevelopment Area. As a result of the AI process, the City understands the problems posed by such a strategy and will seek to not perpetuate residential segregation.

GOAL 1: INCREASE CITY AND DEVELOPER AWARENESS OF AREAS OF RESIDENTIAL

SEGREGATION

Action 1.1. Annual Review. Utilize tools such as HUD’s Low Income Census Tracts list, as well as CPD and AFFH maps on an annual basis to determine areas of residential segregation.

Action 1.2. Inform Planning & Housing. Provide the Planning and Housing Departments, and any other people likely to talk with developers, with information about residential Packet Page 204 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 101 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 93 of 199 segregation patterns so that they do not inadvertently support developments that concentrate and segregate protected classes. If the proposed development is in an area of minority concentration, carefully consider the impact and benefits of that project to balance the need for affordable housing with the potential for increased residential segregation.

Incorporate this awareness and language in the development of the upcoming Housing Element and reporting goals.

Actions Responsibility Metrics/Milestones Timeframe

1.1 Annual Review Housing
Department/ CDBG
Manager
 Download HUD low/mod areas
(census tracts & block groups.
 Determine areas of residential
segregation
Annually

Annually

1.2 Inform Planning
& Housing
Housing
Department/ CDBG
Manager
 Provide Planning & Housing with
info on residential segregation
 Incorporate into the
development of new Housing
Element
Annually

FY 2022-23

IMPEDIMENT #2 . INSUFFICIENT A FFORDABLE H OUSING
ISSUES: Housing Affordability. Throughout the Bay Area, there is an insufficient number of affordable housing units to meet the needs of lower-income residents, and this is also the case in the City of Fairfield. Demand continues to be high for housing in Fairfield due to the City’s proximity to both San Francisco and Sacramento, as well as all the cities in-between. The high cost of ownership housing and rents continue to climb and create a barrier to fair housing choice. Tenants, in particular, have high housing costs. Low vacancies and a lack of affordable options contribute to these problems.

The State’s Housing Element law requires that a suitable number of acres be zoned high density in order to accommodate the number of lower-income households projected to live in Fairfield over the next ten years. Most areas zoned for high -density housing are in or adjacent to the areas of minority concentration and the downtown area. The Fairfield Downtown Specific Plan envisions a mix of uses, including multifamily rental housing. Housing fanning out from the downtown area is a primarily single-family, owner-occupied house with some apartments on the major streets. Rezoning single-family or medium density residential to high density for affordable housing or affordable building housing on parcels zoned high density can be difficult if there is neighborhood opposition due to perceptions of increased traffic and crime.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 94 of 199 There are also approximately 3,000 acres recently annexed to the City and covered by the Fairfield Train Station Specific Plan (FTSSP). The FTSSP community is envisioned to be a multi- use, transit-oriented new community. It is proposed as a blend between a Transit-Oriented Development (higher densities and mixed-use) and a traditional neighborhood community (low- to mid-density with a focus on schools and parks.) Three hundred acres are set aside for employment uses. There are 1,690 acres set aside for community facilities, parks/recreation/passive open space/conservation. Approximately 91 acres (2535 dwelling units) are zoned for high-density housing, and 161 acres are zoned for medium density (2258 dwelling units).

Although the land zoned for multifamily housing is adjacent to planned transit, at this point in time, the available transit is the Amtrak, Capitol Corridor train that runs between Sacramento and San Jose. Currently, there are few neighborhood services and other community and transit facilities. This presents an almost insurmountable problem for developing affordable housing in the FTSSP area, even though there is high-density zoned land available. Low Income Housing Tax Credits (used to finance affordable housing) require that there be existing neighborhood services within three miles of the project site. Tax credit applications are very competitive.

Developers need the maximum number of points to be awarded an allocation of tax credits.

Available neighborhood services are awarded points. The scoring drives projects to be in areas that contain a grocery store, a pharmacy or drug store, a convenience store, a bank or credit union, and a hospital or doctor's office. The competition is so intense that otherwise excellent projects don’t meet the scoring threshold if there are no or few neighborhood services.

The lack of neighborhood services, local transportation, and schools can be problematic for low-income households living in affordable housing. An automobile would most likely be required, and someone in the household would have to drive to obtain neighborhood services, go to work and take children to school. However, over the next 5-10 years, neighborhood commercial properties and government services will be established, and the city bus system may expand to serve the area. That doesn’t solve the lack of affordable housing now but, in the future, there will be locations for affordable housing outside areas of minority concentration.

GOAL 2: DEVELOP STRATEGIES TO INCREASE AFFORDABLE HOUSING

Action 2.1. Sites. Review areas of minority and low-income concentration. Identify potential sites for affordable housing and market to the public and affordable housing stakeholders.

Staff should consider these sites and whether to modify zoning of single-family or medium density residential to high density for affordable housing in order to fully develop throughout the city to not further contribute to residential segregation.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 95 of 199 Action 2.2. Identify Incentives. Identify and analyze potential financial and non-financial incentives to help make tax credit applications competitive. Seek affordable housing financing sources for which the City can apply. Identify other local funds such as tax increments that might be utilized for affordable housing and Section 8 project -based vouchers. Solicit feedback from developers. Discuss incentives with City Manager and obtain City Council approval as appropriate.

Action 2.3 Marketing Plan. Create a plan that identifies available sites for development and any available City incentives (e.g., fee credits, loans, grants, etc.). Develop handouts regarding incentives available and under what circumstances. Market the City’s plan to specifically develop affordable housing with equal opportunity for all.

Action 2.4 Rent Survey. If/when rents are above the Fair Market Rate (FMR), consider conducting a survey of the rental market and request an increase in Section 8 Voucher standard as a result.

Action 2.5 Mortgage Bond Financing. Investigate the feasibility of offering multifamily mortgage bond financing (which is repaid by the project) to developers for projects of the appropriate size. Mortgage bond project financing is generally a little less expensive than private-sector financing, and the projects are automatically provided with an allocation of 4% tax credits.

Action 2.6 Mortgage Credit Certificates. Work with lenders to determine whether a Mortgage Credit Certificate (MCC) or other types of homeownership loan program is feasible given the housing market and incomes that would be served. If feasible, develop and implement the program.

Actions Responsibility Metrics/Milestones Timeframe

2.1 Sites Housing
Manager
 Review areas of minority and poverty
concentration
 Identify potential affordable housing sites
 Consider rezoning sites as needed
Review
annually

2.2 Identify
Incentives
Housing
Manager
 Identify and analyze potential financial and
non-financial incentives to help make tax
credit applications competitive.
 Seek affordable housing financing sources
for which the City can apply.
 Identify other local funds such as tax
increments that might be utilized for
affordable housing and Section 8 project-
based vouchers.
 Solicit feedback from developers.

Annually

As needed
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 96 of 199  Discuss incentives with City Manager and
obtain City Council approval as appropriate.

2.3 Marketing
Plan
Housing
Manager

 Create a plan that identifies available sites
for development and any available City
incentives
 Develop handouts regarding incentives
available and under what circumstances.
 Market the City’s plan to specifically
develop affordable housing with equal
opportunity for all.

FY 2022

Annually

2.4 Rent
Survey
Housing
Authority
Manager
Housing
Manager
 Annually review rent rate and FMR
 If rents are high enough, conduct a survey
 Request increase in payment standard from
HUD with survey info
Annually

As needed

2.5 Mortgage
Bond
Financing
Housing
Director, City
Manager, City
Attorney,
Financial
Advisor, City
Council
 Review requirements for developing a
multifamily mortgage bond program
 If feasible, develop a program
 Provide financing as needed
FY 2022

FY 2023
Ongoing

2.6 Mortgage
Credit
Certificates.

Housing
Director, City
Attorney, City
Manager
 Review MCC program requirements.
 Determine whether Housing Department
has sufficient staff to conduct program
 If yes, meet with lenders, explain the
program, and gauge interest
 Based on lender engagement, advertising
programs to households
 Issue MCCs
FY 2022

FY 2022

FY 2023

FY 2024

IMPEDIMENT #3. INSTI TUTIONAL BARRIERS
ISSUES: Several institutional factors can contribute to inviting or inhibiting developers in producing affordable housing in any city.
 Clarity about the development process and fees so they can accurately project their costs and timelines.
 Fees that are similar to adjacent localities
 Ease in obtaining planning approvals, building permits, inspections, not excessively time - consuming
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 97 of 199  Effective processes to address neighborhood concerns about the real and perceived impacts affordable housing

If developers find it is difficult to do business with a municipality, if it is time-consuming or more expensive, if NIMBYism is entrenched within the community, they are more inclined to pass over opportunities to construct housing in that jurisdiction. Developers may do one deal, but they won’t do a second project, and they will share their experiences with others.

GOAL 3: REDUCE INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS TO AFFORDABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

Action 3.1. Effective Neighborhood Engagement. Document an effective process that affordable housing developers can use to address the concerns of neighborhood residents in Fairfield. Continue to stress respectful listening and flexibility in responding to neighborhood concerns, as well as cultural competency.

Action 3.2. Preapplication Meetings. Continue to conduct pre-application meetings with multi-family housing developers to review the development process, answer any questions, and discuss how they plan to work with neighbors in adjoining single -family neighborhoods.

Action 3.3. Review Development Fees. Annually review development fees with surrounding jurisdictions to keep costs competitive and inviting for affordable housing developers.

Action 3.4. Outline of Development Process. Outline Fairfield’s development process in writing with a general timeline for each step. Provide developers with a list of all fees and contact persons for questions so that they can accurately estimate costs. Update fee schedule and other details annually.

Actions Responsibility Metrics/Milestones Timeframe

3.1 Effective
Neighborhood
Engagement

 Create a document that outlines an
effective process to address the
concerns of neighborhood residents in
Fairfield. Continue to stress respectful
listening and flexibility in responding to
neighborhood concerns, as well as
cultural competency.
 Provide documents to affordable
housing developers interested in FF
FY 2022

Annually as
needed

3.2 Pre-
application
Meetings
Housing Manager
 Continue to conduct pre-application
meetings with multi-family housing
developers to review the development
Annually
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 98 of 199 process, answer questions, and discuss
neighborhood outreach strategies

3.3. Review
Development
Fees
Housing Manager
 Review development fees with
surrounding jurisdictions and make
fees competitive and inviting
Annually

3.4 Outline
Development
Process
Housing
Department
Housing Manager
 Create a flyer outlining the city’s
development process and a general
timeline for each step.
 Include a list of all fees and contact
persons for questions
 Update fee schedule and other details
annually
FY 2022-23
and forward
as needed

I MPEDIMENT #4 . PANDEMIC INCREASED HOUSING INSTABILITY ISSUES: The COVID-19 pandemic shut down the local economy and resulted in widespread job loss, household disruption and housing insecurity. COVID surges remain a threat to personal and Fairfield economic recovery. Households earning 50% and less of the area median income are vulnerable, and female-headed households earning 30% or less of the area median income, predominantly women of color, are especially vulnerable to homelessness resulting from eviction and adverse health effects of the virus.

GOAL 4: PREVENT EVICTIONS AND STABILIZE HOUSING

Action 4.1. Prevent Evictions. Ensure that the most vulnerable lowest-income Fairfield residents have access to services that help resolve landlords' issues and prevent evictions.

Action 4.2. Provide Rental Assistance. Provide emergency assistance and rapid rehousing for households earning 50% or less than area median income to help prevent homelessness from helping disparate address impacts that COVID-related job/income losses have had on extremely low-income renter households, which are predominantly women of color with children.

Actions Responsibility Metrics/Milestones Timeframe

4.1 Prevent
Evictions
Housing
Department/ CDBG
Manager
 Annually fund Fair Housing
services
 Receive and review quarterly
reporting to identify
FY 2022-23
and forward
as needed

4.2 Provide Rental
Assistance
Housing
Department/ CDBG
Manager
 Provide emergency rental
assistance with CV funding
until funds are exhausted
FY 2022-23
and forward
as needed
and until
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 99 of 199  Consider additional funding as
needed
funds
exhausted
FY 2023-24
Reassess

IMPEDIMENT #5 . LACK OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT FAIR HOUSING RIGHTS ISSUES: Fair Housing meeting revealed public perceptions/stereotypes of and discrimination towards lower-income households and minority groups, including persons with disabilities.

Reducing NIMBYism aids in the ease of developing affordable housing. People with disabilities have a difficult time finding housing to meet their needs. Managers of rental housing development often do not understand or approve request s for reasonable accommodations, resulting in discrimination against people with disabilities.

GOAL 5: FAIR HOUSING FUNDING, REPORTING, MONITORING, AUDITING AND PUBLIC

EDUCATION

Action 5.1. Fund and Understand. Continue to fund and work with Fair Housing contractors to understand the prevalence and types of housing discrimination in the City of Fairfield. Ensure that Fair Housing contractor conducts at least one multifamily rental housing audit each year to learn the extent of discrimination in Fairfield multifamily housing. Publicize information from the audits. Discuss discrimination findings at California Apartment Association (CAA) meetings and ask for their help in addressing discrimination.

Action 5.2. Fair Housing & Disability Resource Development. Work with Fair Housing contractor to develop civil rights and fair housing materials and specifically highlight discrimination on the basis of disability. Work with Independent Living Resources of Solano/Contra Costa (ILR) and Lion’s Center for the Visually Impaired and other disability advocates to understand what information would be beneficial to their clients. Integrate all information into a resource sheet and training.

Action 5.3. Training & Public Awareness. Work with the CAA, ILR, Lions and other disability groups, landlords and the public to publicize the materials and training opportunities. Conduct training courses for City Staff, property owners, multifamily projects, CAA. Create a public awareness campaign/plan to educate Fairfield residents of their fair housing choice and rights associated with fair housing and where to contact if they suspect they have experienced discrimination in housing.

Action 5.4. Landlord Outreach & Education. Develop a database of existing multi-family (duplex and larger) properties with names and addresses of owners, work to identify email Packet Page 211 of 1243Attachment 3 Page 108 of 214

FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 100 of 199 addresses. Create an outreach strategy that will help to foster ongoing relationships and opportunities to educate about fair housing laws, including accommodations for those with disabilities. Work with property owners and landlords to increase awareness and enforcement of fair housing laws and tenant rights.

Action 5.5. Stakeholder Resources. Provide resources to educate real estate stakeholders (e.g., tenants, homebuyers, real estate agents/brokers, property owners) about local, state, and federal fair housing laws and regulations, and provide a list of these resources on the City’s website (easily identifiable and accessible).

Action 5.6. Public Education on Affordable Housing. Work with affordable housing developers to create flyers/brochures about the benefits of affordable housing, dispelling some of the stereotypes and myths. Create and find opportunities to dispel myths and present facts, especially when marketing for potential new affordable housing.

Actions Responsibility Metrics/Milestones Timeframe

5.1. Fund and
understand

Housing
Department CDBG
Manager

 Annually fund Fair Housing
services
 Receive and review quarterly
reporting to identify patterns
of discriminatory actions
 Fund contractor to conduct at
least one multifamily rental
housing audit annually.
 Work with Fair Housing
Contractor to address
patterns of discrimination
 Publicize housing audit results
 Present housing audit results
at CAA meeting and enlists
help to combat discrimination.

Annually
Report
actions in
CAPER

Quarterly

Annually

5.2. Fair Housing &
Disability Resource
Development
Housing
Department
CDBG Manager
 Work with Fair Housing
contractor to develop civil
rights and fair housing
materials and specifically
highlight discrimination on the
basis of disability.
 Work with Independent Living
Resources of Solano/Contra
Costa (ILR) and Lion’s Center
for the Visually Impaired &
other disability advocates to
FY 2022

FY 2022

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 101 of 199 understand what info would
be beneficial to their clients.
 Integrate all information into
a resource sheet and training.
 Translate materials into
Spanish and Tagalog
 Make available in large type,
screen readable and audio
formats, Braille upon demand.

FY 2022

5.3. Training & Public
Awareness
Housing
Department

CDBG Manager
 Work with the CAA, ILR, Lions
and other disability groups,
landlords and the public to
publicize the materials and
training opportunities.
 Conduct training courses for
City Staff, property owners,
multifamily projects. CAA
 Create a public awareness
campaign/plan to educate
Fairfield residents of their fair
housing choice and rights
associated with fair housing
and where to contact if they
suspect they have
experienced discrimination in
housing.
 Distribute info to AI contacts
list, nonprofits, CAA and
others as broadly as possible.

FY 2022

FY 2023

5.3. Landlord
Outreach and
Education
Housing
Department

CDBG Manager
 Develop a database of existing
multi-family (duplex and
larger) properties with names
and addresses of owners,
work to identify email
addresses
 Create outreach strategy to
foster ongoing relationships
and opportunities to educate
about fair housing laws,
including accommodations for
those with disabilities.
 Conduct outreach to
multifamily landlords to

FY 2023-24

At least
annually
beginning
FY 2023-24
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 102 of 199 increase awareness and
enforcement of fair housing
laws& tenant rights.

5.4. Stakeholder
Resources
Housing
Department

CDBG Manager
 Provide resources to educate
real estate stakeholders (e.g.,
tenants, homebuyers, real
estate agents/brokers,
property owners) about local,
state, and federal fair housing
laws and regulations, and
provide a list of these
resources on the City’s
website (easily identifiable
and accessible).

At least
annually
beginning
FY 2023-24

5.5. Public Education
 Solicit ideas and research
from affordable housing
developers about the
benefits/myths of affordable
housing.
 Create flyer/brochure
 Create/find opportunities to
dispel myths and present
facts, especially when
marketing for potential new
affordable housing.

FY 2023

Ongoing

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APPEND ICES
Appendix 1. Housing Choice Survey
Appendix 2. Quality of Life Survey
Appendix 3. Outreach list for Public Meetings
Appendix 4. Outreach and Advertisements for Public Meetings Appendix 5. Public Meeting Participants and Comments
Appendix 6. Housing Element Programs

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The survey was translated into Spanish and distributed in both languages. Below is page 1 only.

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Fairfield Housing Choice Survey Results

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Appendix 1 continued

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 157 of 199 Appendix 2. Quality of Life Survey

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Appendix 2
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 186 of 199 Appendix 3. Outreach List for Public Meetings

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 189 of 199 Appendix 4. Outreach and Advertisements for Public Meetings Insert Proof of Publication for the ad for adoption of the AI here.

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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 194 of 199 Appendix 5. Public Meeting Participants and Comments

Fair Housing Community Meeting
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Public Comments from Council Meeting to Adopt AI
Date , 2021 ……

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Public Comments from Fair Housing Meeting 11/20/2019
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FY 2022-27 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice – Page 201 of 199 Appendix 6. Housing Element Programs

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City of Fairfield

CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN
FY 2022-2027
Housing Services Department
1000 Webster Street
Fairfield, CA 94533

Amended by Resolution 2021-?? on ??

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For assistance or questions, please contact:

LaTanya R. Terrones, MBA
Senior Management Analyst
Housing Services Department
City of Fairfield
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: 707-428 -7454
Mailing Address: City of Fairfield CDBG, 1000 Webster St., Fairfield, CA 94533 City website: https://www.fairfield.ca.gov/
CDBG website: https://www.fairfield.ca.gov/gov/depts/housing_services/cdbg.asp

Per the Americans with Disabilities Act and California Law, it is the policy of the City of Fairfield to offer documents in a manner that is readily accessible to everyone, including individuals with disabilities and Limited English Proficiency. If you are a person with a disability and require information or materials in an appropriate alternative format, or if you require any other accommodation or language assistance, please contact La Tanya Terrones, Senior Management Analyst for the Housing Services Department, by telephone at (707) 428-7454 or by email at [email protected]. Hearing-impaired individuals may call the California Relay Service at (800) 735-2929 or TDD (707) 399-5623 for assistance.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................... i

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. 1 A. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1 B. Scope and Purpose of the CPP .................................................................................................... 2 C. Goals of the CPP ................................................................................................................................ 3 D. Requirements of HUD .................................................................................................................... 4

2. COMMUNITY OUTREACH & ENGAGEMENT ......................................................................... 5 A. Demographic Profile ....................................................................................................................... 5 B. Community Outreach and Engagement Plan ........................................................................ 7 Community Engagement Strategies ...................................................................................... 8 C. Reasonable Accommodation ....................................................................................................... 9

3. COMMUNITY STAKEHOLDERS & ROLES ............................................................................ 10 A. Residents of Fairfield .................................................................................................................. 10 B. Public and Private Agency Service Providers and Clients ............................................ 11 C. Affordable Housing Providers ................................................................................................. 12 D. Business and Industry ................................................................................................................ 13 E. CDBG Advisory Committee ....................................................................................................... 13 F. City Council ..................................................................................................................................... 15 G. Staff .................................................................................................................................................... 15

4. Standard Procedures for Notices & Meetings .................................................................... 17 A. Description ...................................................................................................................................... 17 Packet Page 320 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 3 of 72

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B. Brown Act ........................................................................................................................................ 17 C. Meetings & Posting ...................................................................................................................... 17 D. Public Notices ................................................................................................................................. 18 E. Access and Availability ............................................................................................................... 19 F. Accommodation, Translation, Interpretation .................................................................... 20 G. Complaints ...................................................................................................................................... 20 H. Complaint and Grievance Procedures .................................................................................. 21 Description .................................................................................................................................. 21 I. Displacement Policy .................................................................................................................... 27 J. Commitment to Provide Relocation Assistance ................................................................ 28 K. Commitment to Provide One-For-One Replacement ...................................................... 29

5. Plans & Reports Covered by the CPP .................................................................................... 30 A. Citizen Participation Plan .......................................................................................................... 30 Description .................................................................................................................................. 30 Planning Process ....................................................................................................................... 31 Participation, Posting, Meeting Requirements .............................................................. 32 Amendments ............................................................................................................................... 33 HUD Citizen Participation Waivers .................................................................................... 33 B. Analysis of Impediments/Assessment of Fair Housing & Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing ................................................................................................................................................ 34 Description .................................................................................................................................. 34 Planning Process ....................................................................................................................... 35 Participation, Posting, Meeting Requirements .............................................................. 36 Amendments ............................................................................................................................... 37 C. CONSOLIDATED PLAN ................................................................................................................ 38 Packet Page 321 of 1243Attachment 4 Page 4 of 72

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Description .................................................................................................................................. 38 Process .......................................................................................................................................... 39 Planning ........................................................................................................................................ 40 Step 1: Determining Needs .................................................................................................... 41 Step 2: Setting Priorities ......................................................................................................... 43 Step 3: Determining Resources ........................................................................................... 43 Step 4: Setting Goals ................................................................................................................. 43 Completion of Consolidated Plan after Year 1 Action Plan Development .......... 44 Participation, Posting, Meeting Requirements .............................................................. 45 D. SUBSTANTIAL AMENDMENT TO THE CONSOLIDATED PLAN ................................... 46 Description .................................................................................................................................. 46 Determining When a Substantial Amendment is Required ...................................... 47 Participation, Posting, Meeting Requirements .............................................................. 49 E. ANNUAL ACTION PLAN .............................................................................................................. 50 Description .................................................................................................................................. 50 Action Plan Grant Cycle Process (Years 1 & 3) .............................................................. 51 Participation, Posting, Meeting Requirements .............................................................. 55 Action Plan Grant Cycle Process (Years 2, 4 & 5) ......................................................... 57 F. CAPER ............................................................................................................................................... 58 Description .................................................................................................................................. 58 Process .......................................................................................................................................... 59 Participation, Posting, Meeting Requirements .............................................................. 59 APPENDIX A – ADA Grievance and Section 504 Form…………………………………………………58 APPENDIX B – Limited English Proficiency Table……………………………………………………….61 APPENDIX C – Sample CDBG Process Calendar…………………………………………………………..65

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Fairfield City CouncilJuly 5, 2022

Fairfield City Council
July 5, 2022