Agenda packet, regular meeting — Hawthorne City Council, December 12, 2023 (part 2 of 5)

opportunities for additional open space.

GENERAL PLAN AND SPECIFIC PLAN COMPLIANCE
This ordinance implements specific commitments the City made in the Sixth Cycle, 2021-2029, Housing Element certification process. The Housing Element is one of several parts of the General Plan. Additionally, this ordinance brings development standards into compliance with the Downtown Hawthorne Specific Plan.

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
There are no new significant environmental impacts or previously identified significant impacts made more severe by project modifications, new circumstances, or new information associated with the project. Therefore, the City determined that an addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning is the appropriate California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) document to address project modifications in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section15164. CEQA Guidelines Section 15164(c) provides that an addendum need not be circulated for public review.

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC PLAN:

Goal 4: Update zoning code for the 21st century
FISCAL IMPACT:

There is no fiscal impact to the City as a result of the adoption of this Ordinance.

NOTICING PROCEDURES:

A Notice of Public Hearing was published in the South Bay Cities/Hawthorne Press Tribune on November 30, 2023, for the Hearing scheduled on December 12, 2023, at the regular City Council meeting.

ATTACHMENT(S):

1. Planning Commission Resolution PC 2023-26

2. EIR Addendum

3. Proof of Publication for December 12, 2023 hearing

4. Ordinance 2247
PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. PC 2023-26
ZONING TEXT AMENDMENT ZA-2023-0006

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
HAWTHORNE, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING SECTION 17.29.040
(DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS) OF CHAPTER 17.29 (CM – MIXED

COMMERCIAL CLASSIFICATION) TO BE IN COMPLIANCE WITH

THE HOUSING ELEMENT BY REMOVING CONSTRAINTS ON

RESIDENTIAL AND MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENTS AND ADOPTING

AN ADDENDUM TO THE GENERAL PLAN EIR
WHEREAS, on March 8, 2022, the City Council adopted the 2021-2029 Housing Element.

WHEREAS, California Housing Element law requires cities to identify and remove constraints “upon the maintenance, improvement, or development of housing for all income levels” (GC 65583(a)(6) in their Housing Elements, and also provide a program to remove such constraints where appropriate and legally possible (GC 85583(c)(3).

WHEREAS, Housing Element Program 19 (Zoning Code Amendments—Housing Constraints) addresses the City’s housing needs by removing constraints to development and ensure the City’s standards and permitting requirements are consistent with state law.

WHEREAS, this ordinance specifically addresses constraints to the development of housing and mixed-use development in the CM zone, as established by Ordinance 2118, by reducing or eliminating development standards that unreasonably constrain said residential development.

WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 2118 was adopted by the City Council on July 12, 2016, and created the CM – Mixed Commercial Zone to correspond to the Mixed Commercial classification of the Downtown Hawthorne Specific Plan (DHSP).

WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 2123, adopted by the City Council on September 13, 2016, applied the new CM zone to only a small portion of the area designated for the zone in the DHSP—only those properties which comprised the Hawthorne Plaza Mall site.

The ordinance and staff report did not explain why the remaining mixed-use properties were not rezoned at that time.

WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 2241 was adopted by the City Council on November 14, 2023, that applied the CM zone to all properties designated to have that zone in the DHSP.

WHEREAS, on September 6, 2023, the Planning Commission of the City of Hawthorne considered the zone text amendment at a duly noticed public hearing where evidence was heard and presented from persons in favor of the application, from persons opposed to the application, and from members of the City staff; and that the Planning 2 Commission having heard and received all of said evidence, testimony and statements and being fully informed of the application, approves this resolution recommending that the City Council adopt Ordinance 2247 approving Zoning Text Amendment ZA-2023-0006.

THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF HAWTHORNE DOES
HEREBY FIND, DETERMINE AND RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS:

SECTION 1. All of the facts set forth in the Recitals are true and correct, and are incorporated herein by reference.

SECTION 2. Planning Commission hereby recommends approval of Zoning Text Amendment ZA-2023-0006 to the City Council that proposes to modify the aforementioned Section to the Hawthorne Municipal Code as set forth in Exhibit A of this PC Resolution, incorporated herein by this reference.

SECTION 3. All necessary public meetings and opportunities for public testimony and comment were conducted in compliance with State law and the HMC.

SECTION 4. There are no new significant environmental impacts or previously identified significant impacts made more severe by project modifications, new circumstances, or new information associated with the project. Therefore, the City determined that an Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning is the appropriate California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) document to address project modifications in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section15164. CEQA Guidelines Section 15164(c) provides that an addendum need not be circulated for public review.

SECTION 5. The documents and other materials that constitute the record of the proceedings upon which the Planning Commission’s recommendations are based, which include, but are not limited to, the staff reports for the Project and all of the materials that support the staff reports for the Project, are located in the office of the Planning Director of the City of Hawthorne, at 4455 West 126th Street, Hawthorne, California 90250. The custodian of these documents is the Planning Director of the City of Hawthorne.

SECTION 6. The Planning Commission Secretary shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution and shall forward a copy to the City Council, City Clerk, City Manager, and City Attorney.

PASSED, APPROVED and ADOPTED this 15th day of November 2023.

RYAN RICHARD, CHAIRPERSON
ATTEST:

GREGG MCCLAIN, SECRETARY

EXHIBIT A
DRAFT ORDINANCE NO. 2247

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF

HAWTHORNE, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING SECTION

17.29.040 (DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS) OF CHAPTERS

17.29 (CM – MIXED COMMERCIAL CLASSIFICATION) TO

BE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE HOUSING ELEMENT BY

REMOVING CONSTRAINTS TO RESIDENTIAL AND

MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENTS, AND APPROVING AN

ADDENDUM TO THE HAWTHORNE GENERAL PLAN

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
WHEREAS, on March 8, 2022, the City Council adopted the 2021-2029 Housing Element.

The ordinance and staff report did not explain why the remaining mixed-use properties were not rezoned at that time.

WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 2241 was adopted by the City Council on November 14, 2023, that applied the CM zone to all properties designated to have that zone in the DHSP.

WHEREAS, on November 15, 2023, the Planning Commission of the City of Hawthorne considered the zone text amendment and, after a duly noticed public hearing 2 where all persons in support and in opposition were heard, adopted Resolution No.

PC2023-23 recommending approval of the ordinance to the City Council.

WHEREAS, on December 12, 2023, the City Council considered the Planning Commission’s recommendation and, after a duly noticed public hearing where all persons in support and in opposition were heard, introduced this ordinance; and WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Hawthorne wishes now to adopt thi ordinance in furtherance of the City’s Housing Element goals and objectives and Government Code 65583(c)(3).

NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF HAWTHORNE DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:

SECTION 1. The foregoing recitals are true and correct.

SECTION 2. Section 17.29.040 (Development Standards) of Chapter 17.29 (CM mixed commercial classification) of Title 17 (Zoning) of the Hawthorne Municipal Code shall be amended by the addition and removal of the following text:

17.29.040 Development standards.

The information that follows summarizes the development standards for the CM classification relating to site planning and schematic design.

A. Project Area.

1. The minimum lot area for a residential only development is one acre.The minimum lot area for a mixed-use development shall be one hundred thirty thousand six hundred eighty130,680 square feet (three acres). Where there is insufficient lot area for a mixed-use development, only commercial uses may be developed.

2. Project area shall be calculated based on total horizontal area of consolidated parcels defined by the legal property lines. Gross project area shall include portions of property that may become dedicated for public improvements, such as street widening. Net project area shall exclude portions of property that are to be dedicated for public improvements.

B. Density and Intensity.

1. The minimum residential density shall be 20 dwelling units per acre based on gross project area.

12. Maximum residential density shall be twenty-four 30 dwelling units per acre based on gross project area.

3. Commercial area of a mixed use development shall not be less than 5% forty percent of the ground floor area.

4. Building footprint shall not exceed ninety percent of lot area. 3 C Setbacks.

1. Buildings
a. Front: zero feet up to third story of structure, 10 ten feet above that. b. Interior side: 10 ten feet for all stories.
c. Street side of corner lot: zero feet up to third story of structure, 10 ten feet above that.
d. Rear: 10 ten feet up to third story of structure, 20 twenty feet above that.

2. Setbacks shall be measured from the building face to the closer of the property line or the future property line after a dedication for public improvements.

3. Setbacks for structures abutting one- or two-story single-family or multifamily residential structures within a residential zone shall be provided along the entire length of any interior site boundary line as follows:

Height of
Structure
Structural Setback Minimum Landscaped
Portion of Setback
1 story 10 feet 10 feet
2 story 20 feet 10 feet
3 story + 30 feet + an additional
10 feet for each story
above 3 stories
15 feet

3. For structures abutting residential uses within a residential zone, an additional setback shall apply to abutting structure sides above the second story. The additional setback shall be 5 feet plus an additional 2 feet for each floor above the third, and shall apply to the entire portion of the structure above the second story abutting the residential use.

4. Front setbacks shall be measured from the property line along a street to the nearest perpendicular building face, excluding cornices, bay windows, or trim.

D. Height.

1. Building height shall not exceed five stories and sixty feet except as provided in this chapter.

2. On projects over 10ten acres in gross lot area, the maximum height shall not exceed seven stories and 85 eighty-five feet for the portion of a project that fronts Hawthorne Boulevard to a depth of 200 two hundred feet, provided that not more than sixty percent of the project frontage on Hawthorne Boulevard may exceed sixty feet in height (to a minimum depth of fifty feet). See diagram below. 4 Figure 1. Maximum height for projects of ten acres or more A = Maximum height at rear of project, 5 stories and 60 feet B = Maximum height along Hawthorne Boulevard frontage
C = Depth of project (perpendicular to Hawthorne Boulevard) D = Depth of “B” height area, not to exceed 200 feet
E = Width of project (Hawthorne Boulevard frontage)
F = Frontage at height “B” Sum of all “F” not to exceed 60% of “E” G = Minimum depth of height “A” along frontage “E” (50 feet)

3. Maximum building height shall be measured from the average finished grade at outer edge of the proposed building to the midpoint of the sloped roof or to the top of the parapet or coping for a flat roof. Stairs and elevators may exceed the maximum building height by 10 ten feet.

E. Dwelling Unit Area. Developers are encouraged to provide a range of housing options within mixed use developments.

1. Not more than twenty-five percent of the units in a development may be less than the following unit sizes:
1 Bedroom/studio: 600 square feet
2 Bedrooms: 800 square feet
3 Bedrooms: 1,100 square feet
4 Bedrooms: 1,250 square feet
>4 Bedrooms: 1,400 square feet

2. Not more than twenty-five percent of the units in a development may exceed the following unit sizes:

X
5 1 Bedroom/studio: 900 square feet
2 Bedrooms: 1,100 square feet
3 Bedrooms: 1,400 square feet
4 Bedrooms: 1,600 square feet
>4 Bedrooms: 2,000 square feet
F. Private Storage Area Requirement. Each dwelling unit in a mixed use development shall be provided with a minimum of two hundred cubic feet of private lockable storage space. This may be provided in the unit or elsewhere in the structure, but shall not include bedroom closets.

G. Design Standards. All new developments in the CM classification must comply with the design criteria as contained in Appendix B, Design Guide for Highest Density Residential and Mixed Use Development, of this title.

SECTION 3. CEQA. There are no new significant environmental impacts or previously identified significant impacts made more severe by project modifications, new circumstances, or new information associated with the project. Therefore, the City determined that an Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning is the appropriate California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) document to address project modifications in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section15164. CEQA Guidelines Section 15164(c) provides that an addendum need not be circulated for public review.

SECTION 4. SEVERABILITY. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase of this Ordinance is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a decision of any court of any competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Ordinance. The City Council hereby declares that it would have passed this Ordinance, and each and every section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase not declared invalid or unconstitutional without regard to whether any portion of the Ordinance would be subsequently declared invalid or unconstitutional.

SECTION 5. AUTHORIZATION TO PUBLISH SUMMARY OF ORDINANCE.

Pursuant to Government Code Section 36933(c)(1), the City Attorney is authorized to prepare a summary of this ordinance. The City Clerk is also authorized to publish a summary of the text of this ordinance in the Hawthorne Press Tribune at least five days prior to the adoption of this ordinance. Within 15 days after adoption of the ordinance, the City Clerk is directed to publish a summary of this ordinance in the Hawthorne Press Tribune.

SECTION 6. EFFECTIVE DATE. This ordinance shall take effect 30 days after passage thereof.
6 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 12th day of December 2023.

ALEX VARGAS, Mayor
City of Hawthorne, California
ATTEST:

DAYNA WILLIAMS-HUNTER, City Clerk
City of Hawthorne, California

APPROVED AS TO FORM

ROBERT KIM,
City Attorney
City of Hawthorne, California
Addendum to the
Hawthorne General Plan
Environmental Impact Report
for Amendments to
Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
LEAD AGENCY:

City of Hawthorne
4456 W. 126th Street
Hawthorne, CA 90250
Contact: Mr. Gregg McClain, Interim Director of Planning and Community Development Department
PREPARED BY:

Morse Planning Group
June 14, 2023
This document has been produced for double-sided printing to conserve natural resources.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Statutory Authority and Requirements........................................................................................ 1-1

1.2 Purpose of an Initial Study ........................................................................................................... 1-2

1.3 Responsible and Trustee Agencies............................................................................................... 1-3

1.4 Consultation ................................................................................................................................. 1-3

1.5 Incorporation by Reference ......................................................................................................... 1-4

2.0 Project Description.................................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Project Location............................................................................................................................ 2-1

2.2 Environmental Setting.................................................................................................................. 2-1

2.3 Project Components..................................................................................................................... 2-3

2.4 Project Approvals......................................................................................................................... 2-4

3.0 Supplemental Environmental Checklist Form........................................................................................... 3-1

4.0 Environmental Analysis............................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.1 Aesthetics..................................................................................................................................... 4-5

4.2 Agriculture and Forestry Resources............................................................................................. 4-9

4.3 Air Quality................................................................................................................................... 4-13

4.4 Biological Resources................................................................................................................... 4-17

4.5. Cultural and Tribal Cultural Resources....................................................................................... 4-21

4.6. Energy......................................................................................................................................... 4-25

4.7 Geology and Soils ....................................................................................................................... 4-27

4.8 Greenhouse Gases...................................................................................................................... 4-33

4.9 Hazards and Hazardous Materials.............................................................................................. 4-35

4.10 Hydrology and Water Quality..................................................................................................... 4-41

4.11 Land Use and Planning ............................................................................................................... 4-47

4.12 Mineral Resources...................................................................................................................... 4-49

4.13 Noise........................................................................................................................................... 4-51

4.14 Population and Housing ............................................................................................................. 4-55

4.15 Public Services............................................................................................................................ 4-57

4.16 Recreation .................................................................................................................................. 4-61

4.17 Transportation............................................................................................................................ 4-63

4.18. Utilities and Service Systems...................................................................................................... 4-69

4.19 Wildfire....................................................................................................................................... 4-79

4.20 References.................................................................................................................................. 4-83

4.21 Report Preparation Personnel.................................................................................................... 4-84

5.0 Consultant Recommendation.................................................................................................................... 5-1

6.0 Lead Agency Determination...................................................................................................................... 6-1 Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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List of Figures
Figure 2-1 Regional Vicinity Map................................................................................................................... 2-2 Figure 4-1 Hazardous Materials & Toxic Sites............................................................................................. 4-38 Figure 4-2 Hawthorne Transit Priority Area Map........................................................................................ 4-67 List of Tables
Table 4-1 Demands for Potable and Non-Potable Water - Actual ............................................................. 4-73 Table 4-2 Use for Potable and Non-Potable Water - Projected................................................................. 4-73 Table 4-3 Total Gross Water Use - Potable and Non-Potable.................................................................... 4-74 Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Municipal Code Amendments to Chapter 17, Zoning (herein referenced as the “project,” “proposed project,” or “proposed modification”) involves adoption and implementation of the Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning. Following a preliminary review of the proposed project, the City of Hawthorne has determined that the proposed project is subject to the guidelines and regulations of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

This document is an Addendum to the City of Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report (General Plan EIR, GP EIR) certified in 1989 and the 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR.

The GP EIR, 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR, and this Addendum serve as the environmental review for the proposed project, as required by the California Environmental Quality Act ([CEQA] [Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq.]) and the CEQA Guidelines (14 California Code of Regulations Sections 15000-15387).

Pursuant to the provisions of CEQA and the CEQA Guidelines, the City of Hawthorne (City) is the Lead Agency. This Addendum addresses the potential environmental impacts associated with the adoption of the Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning, which will be considered by the City during the proposed project’s review and approval process along with the prior CEQA documentation.

1.1 STATUTORY AUTHORITY AND REQUIREMENTS
This environmental document has been prepared in conformance with CEQA (California Public Resources Code [PRC] Section 21000 et seq.); CEQA Guidelines (California Code of Regulations [CCR], Title 14, Section 15000 et seq.); and the rules, regulations, and procedures for implementation of CEQA, as adopted by the City of Hawthorne.

In accordance with CEQA Guidelines Sections 15051 and 15367, the City of Hawthorne (City) is identified as the Lead Agency for the proposed project. Under CEQA (Public Resource Code Sections 21000-21177) and pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15063, the City is required to undertake the preparation of an Initial Study to determine if the proposed project would have a significant environmental impact. If, as a result of the Initial Study, the Lead Agency finds that there is evidence that any aspect of the project may cause a significant environmental effect, the Lead Agency shall further find that an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) is warranted to analyze projectrelated and cumulative environmental impacts. Alternatively, if the Lead Agency finds no evidence that the project, either as proposed or as modified to include the mitigation measures identified in the Initial Study, may cause a significant effect on the environment, the Lead Agency shall find that the proposed project would not have a significant effect on the environment and shall prepare a Negative Declaration. Such determination can be made only if “there is no substantial evidence in light of the whole record before the Lead Agency” that such impacts may occur (PRC Section 21080(c)).

The environmental documentation, which is ultimately selected by the City in accordance with CEQA, is intended as an informational document undertaken to provide an environmental basis for subsequent discretionary actions relevant to the project. The resulting documentation is not, however, a policy document and its approval and/or certification neither presupposes nor mandates any actions on the part of those agencies from whom permits and other discretionary approvals would be required.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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If applicable, the environmental documentation and supporting analysis are subject to a public review period.

During this review, agency and public comments on the document relative to environmental issues should be addressed to the City. Following review of any comments received, the City will consider these comments as a part of the project’s environmental review and include them with the environmental documentation for consideration by the City.

1.2 PURPOSE OF AN INITIAL STUDY
The purposes of an Initial Study are to:

1. Identify environmental impacts;

2. Provide the lead agency with information to use as the basis for deciding whether to prepare an EIR or a negative declaration;

3. Enable an applicant or lead agency to modify a project, mitigating adverse impacts before an EIR is required to be prepared;

4. Facilitate environmental assessment early in the design of the project;

5. Document the factual basis of the finding in a negative declaration that a project would not have a significant environmental effect;

6. Eliminate needless EIRs;

7. Determine whether a previously prepared EIR could be used for the project; and

8. Assist in the preparation of an EIR, if required, by focusing the EIR on the effects determined to be significant, identifying the effects determined not to be significant, and explaining the reasons for determining that potentially significant effects would not be significant.

CEQA Guidelines Section 15063 identifies specific disclosure requirements for inclusion in an Initial Study.

Pursuant to those requirements, an Initial Study shall include:
 A description of the project, including the location of the project  Identification of the environmental setting
 Identification of environmental effects by use of a checklist, matrix, or other method, provided that entries on a checklist or other form are briefly explained to indicate that there is some evidence to support the entries
 Discussion of ways to mitigate significant effects identified, if any  Examination of whether the project is compatible with existing zoning, plans, and other applicable land use controls
 The name(s) of the person(s) who prepared or participated in the preparation of the Initial Study Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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1.3 RESPONSIBLE AND TRUSTEE AGENCIES
Certain projects or actions undertaken by a Lead Agency require subsequent oversight, approvals, or permits from other public agencies in order to be implemented. Such other agencies are referred to as Responsible Agencies and Trustee Agencies. Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Sections 15381 and 15386, as amended, Responsible Agencies and Trustee Agencies are respectively defined as follows:
“Responsible Agency” means a public agency, which proposes to carry out or approve a project, for which [a] Lead Agency is preparing or has prepared an EIR or Negative Declaration. For the purposes of CEQA, the term “responsible agency” includes all public agencies other than the Lead Agency, which have discretionary approval power over the project. (Section 15381)
“Trustee Agency” means a state agency having jurisdiction by law over natural resources affected by a project, which are held in trust for the people of the State of California. Trustee Agencies include; The California Department of Fish and Wildlife, The State Lands Commission; The State Department of Parks and Recreation and The University of California with regard to sites within the Natural Land and Water Reserves System. (Section 15386)
As soon as the Lead Agency has determined that an Initial Study would be required for a project, the Lead Agency is directed to consult informally with all Responsible Agencies and Trustee Agencies that are responsible for resources affected by the project, in order to obtain the recommendations of those agencies as to whether an EIR or a Negative Declaration should be prepared for the project. Following receipt of any written comments from those agencies, the Lead Agency considers any recommendations of those agencies in the formulation of the preliminary findings. Following completion of this Initial Study, the Lead Agency initiates formal consultation with these Responsible and Trustee Agencies and other governmental agencies, as required under CEQA and its implementing guidelines.

For this proposed project, the City of Hawthorne is the Lead Agency and has the sole responsibility of processing and approving the project. There are no Responsible or Trustee Agencies that have oversight, approval, or permit responsibility associated with the proposed project, or require consultation with the City of Hawthorne. In addition, no other agency is required to approve the Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning.

1.4 CONSULTATION
Tribal consultation was coordinated by the City per the requirements of AB 52 as part of the CEQA process in August 2021 for the 2021-2029 Housing Element, Safety Element, and Environmental Justice Element.

In compliance with both AB 52 and SB 18, the City provided formal notification to those California Native American tribal representatives requesting notification in accordance with AB 52 and those on the Native American Heritage Commission’s (NAHC) list for Tribal Consultation under SB 18. At the time the Initial Study was made available for public review, the City had not received any request for formal consultation.

No comment letters were received by local tribes requesting consultation as the 2021-2029 Housing Element, Safety Element, and Environmental Justice Element would not involve any ground disturbing activities.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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Given that the proposed project is implementing the 2021-2029 Housing Element and approval of the Amendment to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning does not involve ground disturbing activities, tribal consultation was not conducted.

1.5 INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Pertinent documents relating to this Initial Study have been cited in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15150, which encourages incorporation by reference as a means of reducing redundancy and length of environmental reports. The following documents are hereby incorporated by reference into this Addendum.

Information contained within these documents has been utilized for this Initial Study.

These documents are available for review at the City of Hawthorne Planning and Community Development Department, located at 4455 W. 126th Street, Hawthorne, California 90250, and online, if available, with the links provided below.

Hawthorne Municipal Code. The Hawthorne Municipal Code (Municipal Code), codified through Ordinance No. 39016, May 24, 2022 consists of codes and ordinances adopted by the City. These include standards intended to regulate land use, development, health and sanitation, water quality, public facilities, and public safety.

Division 8 of the Municipal Code, Building and Safety, specifies rules and regulations for construction, alteration, and building for uses of human habitation and occupation, as well as regulates and controls the division of land within the city. Division 9 of the Municipal Code identifies land uses permitted and prohibited according to the zoning category of particular parcels and establishes the development standards and regulations for each zone.

Hawthorne Municipal Code (codepublishing.com)
City of Hawthorne General Plan. The Hawthorne General Plan (General Plan) was adopted on May 8, 1989 and is a long-range planning document that guides decisions related to land use. The General Plan includes the following elements: Land Use Element, Circulation Element, Conservation Element, Environmental Justice Element (February 2022), Noise Element, Open Space Element, Safety Element (February 2022), and 2021-2029 Housing Element.

General Plan | Hawthorne, CA (cityofhawthorne.org)
2021-2029 Housing Element. The City Council adopted the 2021-2029 Housing Element (6th Cycle) on September 2, 2022. The City of Hawthorne received a RHNA of 1,734 units for the 2021-2029 planning period.

After credits for constructed units (330) and approved/entitled units (30) are taken into consideration, the City has a remaining 2021-2029 RHNA of 1,374 units, including 419 extremely/very low-income, 204 low-income, 232 moderate-income, and 519 above moderate-income units.

Hawthorne is a built-out community with a long-standing goal of maintaining a balance of commercial, industrial, and residential land uses. The extremely limited amount of remaining vacant land creates a significant challenge for the City to promote a variety of individual choices regarding tenure, type, location, and affordability of housing throughout the community that accommodates the 6th Cycle RHNA, while maintaining the balance of land uses that is important to maintain a desirable quality of life for existing and future residents, and a healthy economy. https://www.cityofhawthorne.org/home/showpublisheddocument/346/638150923655570000 Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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City of Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report. The Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report (GP EIR), State Clearinghouse Number [SCH No.] 1989010413 evaluates the environmental effects associated with the adoption and implementation of the General Plan initiated by the City of Hawthorne.

GP EIR Conclusions. The GP EIR analyzed the update to the Hawthorne General Plan, which included revisions to the general plan land use map and to elements required by the State of California. The GP EIR reviewed the following topics: Earth, Air Quality, Noise, Light and Glare, Land Use, Natural Resources, Population, Housing, Transportation/Circulation, Public Services, and Utilities. GP EIR Table A, Environmental Impact Summary is provided below.

Resource Potential Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Residual Impact I. Environmental Impacts Found To Be Significant
Air Long-term implementation of land use
policy will result in pollutant emissions for
five major pollutants in excess of SCAQHD
recommended threshold levels.

Proposed land use policy will produce
lower pollutant levels than development
permitted under existing Land use
policy.

Compliance with regional Air Quality
ManagementPlan.

Policies contained in the General
Plan Conservation Element.

Significant but mitigated to be
consistent with regional plans.

Some reduction in local emissions
levels expected although plan
emissions still exceed SCAQMD.

Regional levels expected to exceed
State and Federal standards.

II. Significant Environmental Impacts That Can Be Mitigated or Avoided Transportation/Circulation Development in accord with land use policy could add 62,424 additional
vehicles to street systems. Roadways
currently operating at or near capacity
will experience reduction in levels of
service.

Goals and policies contained in the
General Plan Circulation Element.

Goals and policies contained in the
General Plan Conservation Element
encouraging alternative modes of
travel.

Intersection improvements outlined in
Circulation Element.

Mitigated to acceptable levels for
most streets, but still adverse for a
limited number of streets.

Periodic congestion along major
roadways.

Natural Resources Irretrievable commitment of energy,
water, and materials resources in
construction projects.

Conservation measures outlined in
the General Plan Conservation
Element.

Participation in energy conservation
sponsored by utility companies.

Mitigated to acceptable levels.

Noise Increases in traffic increases noise
impact areas.

Goals and policies contained in the
General Plan Noise Element.

Goals and policies contained in the
General Plan Land Use Element
regarding compatibility of land uses.

State sound insulation requirements
for new multi-family construction.

Freeway barrier walls.

Site planning to minimize noise
impacts.

Develop Noise Ordinance.

Mitigated to acceptable levels.

Land Use Greater commercial use.

Greater high density residential
development.

Goals and policies contained in the
General Plan Land Use Element.

Growth consistent with regional plans.

Mitigated to acceptable levels.

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Resource Potential Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Residual Impact Reduced medium density residential
development.

Population Increase in City population over time.

Related impacts include congestion,
increased demand for public services.

Growth management in accordance
with regional plans.

Mitigated to acceptable levels.

Public Services Increased demand with increased
population.

Growth management to ensure
adequate service.

Mitigated to acceptable levels.

Housing Provision of additional housing. Goals and policies contained in the General Plan Housing Element.

Mitigated to acceptable levels.

Utilities Increased demand with new
development.

Energy conservation measures
outlined in the General Plan
Conservation Element.

Increased demand for energy
resources.

III. Environmental Impacts Considered, But Not Found To Be Significant Earth, Water, Plant Life, Animal Life, Light and Glare, Risk of Upset, Energy, Human Health, Aesthetics, Recreation, and Historical and Cultural Resources.

Source: Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report (1989) The GP EIR concluded the following significant unavoidable impacts: Air Quality. The GP EIR concluded all other impacts were mitigated to acceptable levels (less than significant). The City Council certified the GP EIR on May 8, 1989 (City Council Resolution No. 5771), as well as adopted a Statement of Overriding Considerations for significant unavoidable impacts, and adopted a Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program.

General Plan Amendment Addendum to the City of Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report. In April 1990, the City of Hawthorne prepared an Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report for the Hawthorne General Plan to review land use changes for parcels in 14 sites throughout the City covering approximately 62.6 acres, primarily in the central and southern portions of the City. The Addendum provides a description of the March 1989 General Plan and the proposed changes to be incorporated into the Land Use and Housing Elements. The Addendum concluded that the Amendment to the General Plan did not create new issues about significant effects on the environment that had not already been considered in the GP EIR certified May 8, 1989.

City of Hawthorne 2021-2029 Housing Element, Safety Element, and Environmental Justice ElementInitial Study and Negative Declaration. The Initial Study and Negative Declaration (IS/ND), dated December 2021, analyzed the impacts associated with the 2021-2029 City of Hawthorne Housing Element (6th Cycle), revisions to the Safety Element, and the new Environmental Justice Element. The Initial Study noted that there are revisions to policy documents, but no modifications to the General Plan Land Use Map, land use designations, or intensities/densities within the General Plan Land Use Element were proposed at that time. The IS/ND concluded all impacts would result in either less than significant impacts or no impact.

Downtown Hawthorne Specific Plan. The Downtown Hawthorne Specific Plan (DHSP) was adopted by the City Council by Resolution No. 7790 on March 8, 2016. The DHSP area totals approximately 786 acres or 1.23 square miles. The area boundaries include the I-105 Freeway on the north, Prairie Avenue, Freeman Avenue and its extension through residential neighborhood to the city limits on the south, and Ramona Avenue and Inglewood Avenue on the west. In addition to the major north-south arterial Hawthorne Boulevard, the DHSP area includes the east-west segments of Imperial Highway, 120th Street, El Segundo Boulevard, and Rosecrans Avenue. The Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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DHSP designates five land use areas (Residential, Commercial, Hospitality, Mixed-Use and Public/Quasi Public) and four opportunity sites known as Transformative Projects. The four Transformative Projects in the DHSP are sites identified for new and catalytic development and investment. https://www.cityofhawthorne.org/departments/planning/downtown-hawthorne-specific-plan/-folder-142 Downtown Hawthorne Specific Plan Environmental Impact Report. The DHSP EIR (SCH No. 2015021074) conducted an environmental assessment of the adoption of the 786-acre DHSP, reviewing the following topics:

Land Use and Planning, Transportation and Traffic, Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Noise, Geology and Soils, Hydrology, Hazards and Hazardous Materials, Aesthetics, Cultural Resources, Public Services and Recreation, and Public Utilities. The EIR concluded that implementation of the proposed DHSP would result in significant unavoidable impacts related to regional air quality and GHG emissions, and water supply. If any of the mitigation measures identified for traffic impacts cannot be implemented because of the availability or acquisition of rightof ways, then traffic impacts are considered significant and unavoidable. All other topics were concluded to be less than significant impacts.

Proposed mitigation in the form of mitigation measures and revised or new policies, actions, and standards for the proposed DHSP would limit the extent of significant and unavoidable impacts on these resources. Existing regulations and requirements applied to individual development projects will also help to ensure that resource impacts are minimized. The DHSP is proposed notwithstanding these potential impacts because the proposed Plan will augment the General Plan for the Plan area and provide a framework for enhancing the community’s economic well-being, while preserving the community character. https://www.cityofhawthorne.org/departments/planning/downtown-hawthorne-specific-plan/-folder-143 Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 PROJECT LOCATION

REGIONAL LOCATION
The City of Hawthorne is one of 17 cities located in the South Bay region of Los Angeles County, approximately 10 miles southwest of downtown Los Angeles and two miles southeast of Los Angeles International Airport (LAX).

Refer to Figure 2-1, Regional Vicinity Map.

To the north of the City of Hawthorne is the unincorporated community of Lennox and the City of Inglewood. To the east is the unincorporated community of Athens and the City of Gardena. To the south is the unincorporated community of El Camino Village, and the Cities of Lawndale and Redondo Beach. Manhattan Beach is at the southwest corner of Hawthorne. To the west is the City of El Segundo and the City of Los Angeles neighborhood of Westchester is to the northwest of the City of Hawthorne. The unincorporated Los Angeles County community of Del Aire is surrounded on three sides by the City of Hawthorne.

The Century Freeway (Glenn Anderson Freeway, I-105) runs along the northern boundary of the City of Hawthorne, with the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LACMTA) Green Line light rail line running down the center of the Century Freeway. The San Diego Freeway (I-405) runs along the western boundary of the City of Hawthorne. Major east–west streets in Hawthorne include Rosecrans Avenue, El Segundo Boulevard, and Imperial Highway. Major north–south streets include Aviation Boulevard, Inglewood Avenue, Hawthorne Boulevard, Prairie Avenue, Crenshaw Boulevard, and Van Ness Avenue.

PROJECT LOCATION
The City of Hawthorne has a land area of approximately 6.1 square miles. The project location includes the entirety of the City.

2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

2.2.1 EXISTING LAND USES
Hawthorne has been fully urbanized for many years, and development includes a mix of housing types, major employment districts with commercial and industrial uses, park and recreational amenities, and convenient transportation choices.

2.2.2 SURROUNDING LAND USES
The neighboring cities and communities are also fully urbanized with a mix of residential, commercial, industrial, public institutional, and open space uses.

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Figure 2-1 Regional Vicinity Map
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2.3 PROJECT COMPONENTS
The proposed project includes the following components: 1) Municipal Code Amendment and 2) Zoning Map Amendment.

2.3.1 MUNICIPAL CODE AMENDMENT
The City is proposing the following amendments to Hawthorne Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning.

AMENDMENTS TO MUNICIPAL CODE CHAPTER 17, ZONING

1. Amendments to Chapter 17.04 (Definitions) and Section 17.04.010 (Definitions) to add the following new definitions consistent with State law:
 “Coordinated Entry System”
 “Employee Housing”
 “Low Barrier”
 “Low Barrier Navigation Center”
 “Residential Care Facility, Large”
 “Residential Care Facility, Small”
 “Single-Room Occupancy”

2. Amendments to Chapter 17.04 (Definitions) and Section 17.04.010 (Definitions) to revise the following existing definitions consistent with State law:
 “Supportive Housing”

3. Amendments to the following chapters, to revise use allowances for a variety of housing types consistent with State law:
 Chapter 17.14 (R-1 Low Density Residential Classification)  Chapter 17.16 (R-2 Medium Density Residential Classification)  Chapter 17.18 (R-3 High Density Residential Classification)  Chapter 17.19 (R-4 Maximum Density Residential Classification)  Chapter 17.29 (CM Mixed Commercial Classification)
The housing types include:
 “Employee Housing”- permitted use in R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-4 zones (every zone where single-family dwellings are allowed)
 “Low Barrier Navigation Center” – permitted use in CM and MU overlay (every zone where mixed-use is allowed)
 “Residential Care Facility, Small” – permitted use in R-1, R-2, R-3, R-4, CM, and MU zones (every zone where residential uses are allowed)
 “Residential Care Facility, Large” – permitted in in R-3 and R-4, and allowed with a CUP in CM, and MU overlay
 “Single Room Occupancy” – allowed with a CUP in R-3, R-4, CM, and MU overlay  “Supportive Housing”- permitted use in R-1, R-2, R-3, R-4, CM, and MU zones (every zone where residential uses are allowed)
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 “Transitional Housing”- permitted use in R-1, R-2, R-3, R-4, CM, and MU zones (every zone where residential uses are allowed)
Additionally, multifamily housing in the R-3 zone has been amended to be allowed by right, and subject only to administrative plan review, instead of requiring a conditional use permit.

4. Removal of Section 17.20.190, Residential care facility, alcoholism or drug abuse recovery or treatment facility). Section 17.20.190, Residential care facility, alcoholism or drug abuse recovery or treatment facility, has been removed. This section contains outdated requirements or requirements that are already addressed by definition, and does not address all types of residential care facilities under State law.

5. Amendment to Chapter 17.29 (CM Mixed Commercial Classification) to revise allowed maximum residential density from 24 dwelling units per acre, to 30 dwelling units per acre. Sites within the Downtown Hawthorne Specific Plan will be implemented by the Mixed Commercial (CM) zone, which currently allows for a maximum density of 24 dwelling units per acre. Maximum density has been increased to 30 dwelling units per acre. This revision allows specific plan sites to count towards the lower-income Regional Housing Needs Allocation based on State law.

6. Addition of new Chapter 17.85 (Housing Overlay) to allow for new housing opportunities throughout the City to meet the Regional Housing Needs Allocation, and implement Housing Element policy.

7. Addition of new Chapter 17.01 (Two-Unit Residential Development and Urban Lot Splits) SB 9

IMPLEMENTATION ORDINANCE
Sections:

17.101.010 Purpose.

17.101.020 Definitions.

17.101.030 Qualifying Requirements.

17.101.040 Development Standards and Design Criteria.

17.101.050 Permit Application and Review Procedures.

8. Addition of new Chapter 17.102 (Multifamily and Mixed Use Objective Design Standards) to provide the public, building and design professionals, and decision-makers with objective criteria for State-eligible residential and mixed-use development in the City. Projects made eligible by State legislation shall be evaluated on the basis of the adopted objective standards, which must be feasible, appropriate, and require no personal judgment by a public official.

2.4 PROJECT APPROVALS
The City of Hawthorne is the Applicant.

The proposed project requires the following City of Hawthorne legislative/discretionary approvals:
 Municipal Code Amendment
 Zoning Map Amendment. Following the direction of the Housing Element, the Zoning Map shall be amended as follows:

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o Create new Housing Overlay Zoning Designation for 31 sites (74 consolidated parcels) identified by the Housing Element, with an allowable density of up to 30 units per acre. The proposed Housing Overlay is elective, in that an applicant may choose to apply under the Overlay provisions or the provisions of the base zoning designation.
o Amend the Zoning Designation for entire block bound by 115th Street to 116th Street and Grevillea to South Hawthorne Boulevard to Regional Commercial (CR). o Amend the Zoning Designation for the entire area bound by 116th Street to rail and Grevillea to Acacia to Mixed Commercial (CM)
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3.0 SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIROMENTAL CHECKLIST FORM

FOR USE WHEN THE CITY IS REVIEWING SUBSEQUENT DISCRETIONARY ACTIONS PURSUANT TO A PREVIOUSLY APPROVED OR CERTIFIED ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT.

1. Project Title: Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning

2. Lead Agency Name and Address:

City of Hawthorne
4455 W. 126th Street, Hawthorne, CA 90250

3. Contact Person and Phone Number:

Mr. Gregg McClain, Interim Director of Planning and Community Development P: 310.349.2900
E: [email protected]

4. Project Location:

The City of Hawthorne is one of 17 cities located in the South Bay region of Los Angeles County, approximately 10 miles southwest of downtown Los Angeles and two miles southeast of Los Angeles International Airport (LAX).

The City of Hawthorne has a land area of approximately 6.1 square miles. The project location includes the entirety of the City.

5. Project Sponsor’s Name and Address:

City of Hawthorne
4455 W. 126th Street, Hawthorne, CA 90250

6. General Plan Designation: Not Applicable (Citywide)

7. Zoning: Not Applicable (Citywide)

8. Previous Environmental Document: Please describe the previously adopted ND or MND or the previously certified EIR (include the date the document was adopted or certified, the date the project was approved by the City, the date the NOD was filed with the County, and a summary of potentially significant effects identified in the CEQA document).

Hawthorne General Plan EIR. The Hawthorne General Plan EIR (GP EIR) concluded the following significant unavoidable impact: Air Quality. The GP EIR concluded all other impacts were less than significant. The City Council certified the GP EIR on May 8, 1989 (City Council Resolution No. 5771), as well as adopted a Statement of Overriding Considerations for significant unavoidable impacts, and adopted a Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program.

Addendum to the City of Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report. In April 1990, the City of Hawthorne prepared an Addendum to the Final Environmental Impact Report for the Hawthorne General Plan to review land use changes for parcels in 14 sites throughout the City covering approximately 62.6 acres, primarily in the central and southern portions of the City. The Addendum provides a description of the March 1989 General Plan and the proposed changes to be incorporated into the Land Use and Housing Elements. The Addendum concluded that the Amendment to the Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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General Plan did not create new issues about significant effects on the environment that had not already been considered in the GP EIR certified May 8, 1989. 2021-2029 Housing Element, Safety Element, and Environmental Justice Element Initial Study and Negative Declaration. The Initial Study and Negative Declaration analyzed the impacts associated with the 2021-2029 City of Hawthorne Housing Element (6th Cycle), Safety Element, and Environmental Justice Element. The City Council adopted the Negative Declaration on March 5, 2022 (Resolution No. 8342).

9. Description of the Project:

Refer to Section 2.3, Project Components.

10. Surrounding Land Uses and Setting:

Refer to Section 2.2.2, Surrounding Land Uses.

11. Other public agencies whose approval is required (e.g., permits, financing approval or participation agreement).

None.

12. Have California Native American tribes traditionally and culturally affiliated with the project area requested consultation pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21080.3.1? If so, is there a plan for consultation that includes, for example, the determination of significance of impacts to tribal cultural resources, procedures regarding confidentiality, etc.? Tribal consultation was coordinated by the City per the requirements of AB 52 as part of the CEQA process in August 2021 for the 2021-2029 Housing Element, Safety Element, and Environmental Justice Element.

Given that the proposed project is implementing the 2021-2029 Housing Element and approval of the Amendment to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning does not involve ground disturbing activities, tribal consultation was not conducted.

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4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
In accordance with CEQA, Public Resources Code Sections 21000-21178.1, this Modified Initial Study has been prepared to analyze whether any new or more significant environmental impacts could occur from implementation of the proposed project. The purpose of this Initial Study is to inform the decision makers, affected agencies, and the public of potential environmental impacts associated with the implementation of the proposed project. This section analyzes the potential environmental impacts associated with the proposed project.
1) A finding of “No New Impact/No Impact” means that the potential impact was fully analyzed and/or mitigated in the prior CEQA document and no new or different impacts will result from the proposed activity. A brief explanation is required for all answers except “No New Impact/No Impact” answers that are adequately supported by the information sources a lead agency cites in the parentheses following each question. A “No New Impact/No Impact” answer is adequately supported if the referenced information sources show that the impact simply does not apply to projects like the one involved (e.g. the project falls outside a fault rupture zone). A “No New Impact/No Impact” answer should be explained where it is based on project-specific factors as well as general standards (e.g., the project will not expose sensitive receptors to pollutants, based on a project-specific screening analysis). 2) A finding of “New Mitigation is Required” means that the project may have a new potentially significant impact on the environment or a substantially more severe impact than analyzed in the previously approved or certified CEQA document and that new mitigation is required to address the impact. 3) A finding of “New Potentially Significant Impact” means that the project may have a new potentially significant impact on the environment or a substantially more severe impact than analyzed in the previously approved or certified CEQA document that cannot be mitigated to below a level of significance or be avoided.
4) A finding of “Reduced Impact” means that a previously infeasible mitigation measure is now available, or a previously infeasible alternative is now available that will reduce a significant impact identified in the previously prepared environmental document.
5) All answers must take account of the whole action involved, including off-site as well as on-site, cumulative as well as project-level, indirect as well as direct, and construction as well as operational impacts.
6) Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to the tiering, program EIR, or other CEQA process, an effect has been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR or negative declaration. Section 15063(c)(3)(D). In this case, a brief discussion should identify the following:
a) Earlier Analyses Used. Identify and state where they are available for review. b) Impacts Adequately Addressed. Identify which effects from the above checklist were within the scope of and adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and state whether such effects were addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis. Describe the mitigation measures which were incorporated or refined from the earlier document and the extent to which they address site-specific conditions for the proposed action.

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c) Infeasible Mitigation Measures. Since the previous EIR was certified or previous ND or MND was adopted, discuss any mitigation measures or alternatives previously found not to be feasible that would in fact be feasible or that are considerably different from those previously analyzed and would substantially reduce one or more significant effects of the project, but the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measures or alternatives. d) Changes in Circumstances. Since the previous EIR was certified or previous ND or MND was adopted, discuss any changes in the project, changes in circumstances under which the project is undertaken and/or "new information of substantial importance" that cause a change in conclusion regarding one or more effects discussed in the original document. 7) Lead agencies are encouraged to incorporate into the checklist references to information sources for potential impacts (e.g. general plans, zoning ordinances). Reference to a previously prepared or outside document should, where appropriate, include a reference to the page or pages where the statement is substantiated.
8) Supporting Information Sources. A source list should be attached, and other sources used or individuals contacted should be cited in the discussion.
9) This is only a suggested form, and lead agencies are free to use different formats; however, lead agencies should normally address the questions from this checklist that are relevant to a project's environmental effects in whatever format is selected.
10) The explanation of each issue should identify:
a) the significance criteria or threshold, if any, used to evaluate each question; b) differences between the proposed activity and the previously approved project described in the approved ND or MND or certified EIR; and
c) the previously approved mitigation measure identified, if any, to reduce the impact to less than significance.

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NEW SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OR SUBSTANTIALLY MORE SEVERE

SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS COMPARED TO THOSE IDENTIFIED IN THE

PREVIOUS CEQA DOCUMENT
The subject areas checked below were determined to be new significant environmental effects or to be previously identified effects that have a substantial increase in severity either due to a change in project, change in circumstances or new information of substantial importance, as indicated by the checklist and discussion in Section 4.1 through Section 4.20.

Aesthetics Land Use and Planning
Agriculture and Forestry Resources Mineral Resources
Air Quality Noise
Biological Resources Population and Housing
Cultural and Tribal Cultural Resources Public Services
Energy Recreation
Geology and Soils Transportation
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Utilities and Service Systems
Hazards and Hazardous Materials Wildfire
Hydrology and Water Quality Mandatory Findings of Significance The following acronyms will be used in this section:
 General Plan (GP)
 General Plan Environmental Impact Report (GP EIR)
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4.1 AESTHETICS
Would the project, except as provided in Public Resources Code Section 21099:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista?  B. Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway?  C. In nonurbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). In an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality?

D. Create a new source of substantial light or glare, which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? 
Note: Certain projects within a transit priority area need not evaluate aesthetics (Public Resources Code Section 21099).

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
The 1989 General Plan EIR and 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR analyzed light and glare. Per the Initial Environmental Study checklist in the 1990 Addendum, aesthetics were concluded to have no impact relative to the obstruction of any scenic vista or view open to the public, or result in the creation of an aesthetically offensive site open to public view. As such, no further review of aesthetics was necessary in the 1990 Addendum.

GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Because the type of construction proposed for new development is not known at the time, light and glare impacts cannot be comprehensively assessed. However, potential light and glare impacts will be assessed for individual projects, and measures can be taken to reduce impacts to less than significant levels on a case by case basis.

Significant light and glare impacts are not anticipated.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
None.

The GP EIR concluded less than significant impacts for light and glare.

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IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT HAVE A SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON A SCENIC VISTA? The City of Hawthorne is a largely built out community with a mix of residential, commercial, and industrial uses.

The Hawthorne General Plan does not identify any scenic vistas or scenic resources within the City. The City and surrounding areas are relatively flat and due to the topography and intervening structures associated with urbanization of the area, thus, there are no expansive views or scenic vistas.

The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals. Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not have adverse impacts relative to the scenic vistas. Thus, impacts remain as no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

B. WOULD THE PROJECT SUBSTANTIALLY DAMAGE SCENIC RESOURCES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT

LIMITED TO, TREES, ROCK OUTCROPPINGS, AND HISTORIC BUILDINGS WITHIN A STATE SCENIC HIGHWAY?
No scenic resources, trees, rock outcroppings, or state scenic highways occur within the City of Hawthorne.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

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C. IN NONURBANIZED AREAS, WOULD THE PROJECT SUBSTANTIALLY DEGRADE THE EXISTING VISUAL CHARACTER OR QUALITY OF PUBLIC VIEWS OF THE SITE AND ITS SURROUNDINGS? (PUBLIC VIEWS ARE THOSE THAT ARE EXPERIENCED FROM PUBLICLY ACCESSIBLE VANTAGE POINT). IN AN URBANIZED AREA, WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH APPLICABLE ZONING AND OTHER REGULATIONS GOVERNING SCENIC QUALITY?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not substantially alter the visual character of the City. Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures visual character impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

D. WOULD THE PROJECT CREATE A NEW SOURCE OF SUBSTANTIAL LIGHT OR GLARE WHICH WOULD ADVERSELY AFFECT DAY OR NIGHTTIME VIEWS IN THE AREA? The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not substantially alter the lighting or glare within the City. Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

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4.2 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RESOURCES
In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Department of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to forest resources, including timberland, are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information compiled by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the state’s inventory of forest land, including the Forest and Range Assessment Project and the Forest Legacy Assessment project; and forest carbon measurement methodology provided in Forest Protocols adopted by the California Air Resources Board.

Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use?

B. Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? 
C. Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code Section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code Section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code Section 51104(g))?

D. Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? 
E. Involve other changes in the existing environment, which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to nonagricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
The 1989 General Plan EIR did not address agriculture and forestry resources. The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no plant life impacts for the following:
 Substantial reduction in acreage of any agricultural crop.

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IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT CONVERT PRIME FARMLAND, UNIQUE FARMLAND, OR FARMLAND OF

STATEWIDE IMPORTANCE (FARMLAND), AS SHOWN ON THE MAPS PREPARED PURSUANT TO

THE FARMLAND MAPPING AND MONITORING PROGRAM OF THE CALIFORNIA RESOURCES AGENCY, TO NON-AGRICULTURAL USE?
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals. No properties in Hawthorne are designated as Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland). Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

B. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH EXISTING ZONING FOR AGRICULTURAL USE, OR A WILLIAMSON ACT CONTRACT?
The City and surrounding area are developed and urbanized. No agricultural land exists or is zoned for agricultural use within the City, and no property within the City is under a Williamson contract. The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific development designs or proposals.

Therefore, the proposed project would not affect any land zoned for agricultural uses and would not conflict with a Williamson Act Contract. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

C. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH EXISTING ZONING FOR, OR CAUSE REZONING OF, FOREST LAND (AS DEFINED IN PUBLIC RESOURCES CODE SECTION 12220(G)), TIMBERLAND (AS DEFINED BY PUBLIC RESOURCES CODE SECTION 4526), OR TIMBERLAND ZONED TIMBERLAND PRODUCTION (AS DEFINED BY GOVERNMENT CODE SECTION 51104(G))? There is no zoning designation for forest land in the City of Hawthorne, and no areas within the City are classified as forest or timberland as defined by Public Resources Code Section 4526. Forestry operations do not occur within the City. Also, no property within the City supports trees capable of 10 percent native tree cover of any species, including hardwoods, under natural conditions, or that allows for management of one or more forest resources, including timber, aesthetics, fish and wildlife, biodiversity, water quality, recreation, and other public benefits.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-11
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. Therefore, the proposed project would not result in the rezoning of forest land, timberland, or timberland zoned Timberland Production.

No impacts to “forest land” or “timberland” would result from the proposed project. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

D. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN THE LOSS OF FOREST LAND OR CONVERSION OF FOREST LAND TO NON-FOREST USE?
Refer to Response 4.2.C.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

E. WOULD THE PROJECT INVOLVE OTHER CHANGES IN THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT, WHICH, DUE TO THEIR LOCATION OR NATURE, COULD RESULT IN CONVERSION OF FARMLAND, TO NONAGRICULTURAL USE OR CONVERSION OF FOREST LAND TO NON-FOREST USE? The City contains no forest land, nor is any property within the City zoned for agriculture. The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific designs or proposals.

Therefore, the proposed project would not result in changes to the environment that lead to the conversion of farmland to a non-agricultural use or forest land to a non-forest use. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-12
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Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-13

4.3 AIR QUALITY
Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations.

Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan?  B. Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard?

C. Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations?  D. Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
The 1989 General Plan EIR and 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR analyzed air quality.

GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Adoption of the land use policies contained in the Land Use Element will not immediately affect air quality in Hawthorne and in the surrounding region. Over time, specific new developments will contribute to existing pollutant loads. Pollutant emissions will come from two primary sources: mobile sources (additional vehicle trips) and stationary sources (power plant emissions related to electricity and natural gas use, and industrial emissions).

Quantitative evaluation of long-term air quality impacts is difficult given the wide range of possible development scenarios. However, the building intensities outlined in Land Use Element Table 3 can be used to predict generalized pollutant levels. GP EIR Table 2 compares anticipate air pollutant levels to estimated existing levels.

This analysis considers only mobile source emissions and stationary source emissions related to power plants.

Stationary source emissions are determined by applying usage factors provided by SCAQMD for given land uses to estimate the emissions.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
The 1989 General Plan EIR Table A, Environmental Impact Summary, includes the following mitigation measures:
 Proposed land use policy will produce lower pollutant levels than development permitted under existing Land use policy.
 Compliance with regional Air Quality Management Plan.  Policies contained in the General Plan Conservation Element.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-14
The GP EIR concluded air quality impacts were significant unavoidable impacts that cannot be reduced to acceptable levels.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH OR OBSTRUCT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE APPLICABLE AIR QUALITY PLAN?
B. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN A CUMULATIVELY CONSIDERABLE NET INCREASE OF ANY

CRITERIA POLLUTANT FOR WHICH THE PROJECT REGION IS NON-ATTAINMENT UNDER AN APPLICABLE FEDERAL OR STATE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARD? The City of Hawthorne is located within the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), which is a non-attainment area for Federal and State criteria air pollutants, including O3, PM10,and PM2.5.

The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

Future development proposals would be reviewed to ensure that potential pollutant emissions do not conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan, result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant, or be inconsistent with Federal, State, and local air quality standards; the applicable Air Quality Management Plan; and the General Plan goals, policies, and standards relative to air quality.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws, regulations, and air quality standards; applicable Air Quality Management Plan; SCAQMD rules and programs; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements. The previously noted goals, policies, actions, laws, regulations, standards, rules, and programs ensure proposed project impacts are reduced to the maximum extent practicable, and that air quality plan and ambient air quality standard impacts remain as significant and unavoidable.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

C. WOULD THE PROJECT EXPOSE SENSITIVE RECEPTORS TO SUBSTANTIAL POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS?
Land uses that are considered more sensitive to changes in air quality than others are referred to as sensitive receptors. Land uses such as primary and secondary schools, hospitals, and convalescent homes are considered to be sensitive to poor air quality because the very young, the old, and the infirm are more susceptible to respiratory infections and other air quality-related health problems than the general public. Residential uses are considered sensitive because people in residential areas are often at home for extended periods of time, so they could be exposed to pollutants for extended periods.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-15
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws, regulations, and air quality standards; applicable Air Quality Management Plan; SCAQMD rules and programs; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements; to reduce impacts to residential and other sensitive land uses to the maximum extent feasible. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not directly result in the exposure of persons to substantial pollutant concentrations.

The previously noted goals, policies, actions, laws, regulations, standards, rules, and programs ensure proposed project impacts are reduced to the maximum extent practicable, and that air quality impacts to sensitive receptors remain as significant and unavoidable.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

D. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN OTHER EMISSIONS (SUCH AS THOSE LEADING TO ODORS) ADVERSELY AFFECTING A SUBSTANTIAL NUMBER OF PEOPLE?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

Adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not directly result in the exposure of persons to other emissions or odors. Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws, regulations, and air quality standards; applicable Air Quality Management Plan; SCAQMD rules and programs; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code. The previously noted goals, policies, actions, laws, regulations, standards, rules, and programs ensure proposed project impacts relative to emissions or odor impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-16
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Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-17

4.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?

B. Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? 
C. Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? 
D. Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites?

E. Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? 
F. Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan?


PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
The 1989 General Plan EIR and 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR analyzed plant life and animal life.

GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to plant life and animal life were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no plant life impacts for the following:
 Change in the diversity of species, or number of any native species of plants (including trees, shrubs, grass, crops, and aquatic plants.
 Reduction of the numbers of any unique, rare, or endangered species of plants.  Introduction of new species of plants into an area of native vegetation, or in a barrier to the normal replenishment of existing species.
 Substantial reduction in acreage of any agricultural crop.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-18
The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no animal life impacts for the following:
 Change in the diversity of species, or numbers of any species or animals (birds, land mammals including reptiles, fish and shellfish, benthic organisms, or insects.  Reduction of the numbers of any unique, rare, or endangered species of animals.  Deterioration to existing fish or wildlife habitat.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
No mitigation measures were required for plant life or animal life.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT HAVE A SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE EFFECT, EITHER DIRECTLY OR THROUGH

HABITAT MODIFICATIONS, ON ANY SPECIES IDENTIFIED AS A CANDIDATE, SENSITIVE, OR

SPECIAL STATUS SPECIES IN LOCAL OR REGIONAL PLANS, POLICIES, OR REGULATIONS, OR BY THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME OR U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE? B. WOULD THE PROJECT HAVE A SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON ANY RIPARIAN HABITAT OR

OTHER SENSITIVE NATURAL COMMUNITY IDENTIFIED IN LOCAL OR REGIONAL PLANS, POLICIES, REGULATIONS OR BY THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME OR U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE?
C. WOULD THE PROJECT HAVE A SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON FEDERALLY PROTECTED WETLANDS AS DEFINED BY SECTION 404 OF THE CLEAN WATER ACT (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, MARSH, VERNAL POOL, COASTAL, ETC.) THROUGH DIRECT REMOVAL, FILLING, HYDROLOGICAL INTERRUPTION, OR OTHER MEANS?
D. WOULD THE PROJECT INTERFERE SUBSTANTIALLY WITH THE MOVEMENT OF ANY NATIVE

RESIDENT OR MIGRATORY FISH OR WILDLIFE SPECIES OR WITH ESTABLISHED NATIVE RESIDENT

OR MIGRATORY WILDLIFE CORRIDORS, OR IMPEDE THE USE OF NATIVE WILDLIFE NURSERY SITES?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Therefore, the proposed project would not have:
 a substantial adverse effect species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species  an adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community  an adverse effect on federally protected wetlands as defined by section 404 of the clean water act Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-19
 interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites
Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

E. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH ANY LOCAL POLICIES OR ORDINANCES PROTECTING BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, SUCH AS A TREE PRESERVATION POLICY OR ORDINANCE? The City of Hawthorne has no local ordinances protecting biological resources. Nor has the City adopted a tree preservation ordinance.

Adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not conflict with policies or ordinances protecting biological resources within the City, including trees. Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs, inclusive of the Land Use, Conservation, and Open Space Elements; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

F. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH THE PROVISIONS OF AN ADOPTED HABITAT

CONSERVATION PLAN, NATURAL COMMUNITY CONSERVATION PLAN, OR OTHER APPROVED LOCAL, REGIONAL, OR STATE HABITAT CONSERVATION PLAN?
The City of Hawthorne is not located within an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved habitat conservation plan.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-20
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Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-21

4.5 CULTURAL AND TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5? 
B. Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section15064.5? 
C. Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? 
D. Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is:
1) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in the local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k)?

2) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1? In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe.


PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to cultural resources were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no cultural resources impacts for the following:
 The proposal will result in the alteration of or the destruction of a prehistoric or historic archaeological site.
 The proposal will result in adverse physical or aesthetics effects to a prehistoric or historic building, structure, or object.
 The proposal will have the potential to cause a physical change which will affect unique ethnic cultural values.
 The proposal will restrict existing religious or sacred uses within the potential impact area.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-22
GP EIR Mitigation Measures
No mitigation measures were required for cultural resources.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT CAUSE A SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE CHANGE IN THE SIGNIFICANCE OF A HISTORICAL RESOURCE AS DEFINED IN CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15064.5? The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. Future development proposals would be reviewed to ensure that historically significant buildings and resources are preserved, if applicable.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

B. WOULD THE PROJECT CAUSE A SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE CHANGE IN THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE PURSUANT TO CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15064.5? The City is largely built out and does not contain any known archeological resources. The potential for uncovering archaeological resources within the City is considered remote, and the recovery of significant archaeological resources is unlikely due to the extensive grading and development that has already occurred within the City, and as such are not anticipated to contain archaeological resources.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-23
Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

C. WOULD THE PROJECT DISTURB ANY HUMAN REMAINS, INCLUDING THOSE INTERRED OUTSIDE OF FORMAL CEMETERIES?
No formal cemeteries exist within the City of Hawthorne. And to the level of past disturbance associated with development throughout the City, it is not anticipated that human remains exist within the City.

Future development proposals would be reviewed confirm the absence or presence of human remains, and that the future development proposals would comply with the Health and Safety Code and Public Resources Code protocols.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-24
D. WOULD THE PROJECT CAUSE A SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE CHANGE IN THE SIGNIFICANCE OF A TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCE, DEFINED IN PUBLIC RESOURCES CODE SECTION 21074 AS EITHER

A SITE, FEATURE, PLACE, CULTURAL LANDSCAPE THAT IS GEOGRAPHICALLY DEFINED IN TERMS

OF THE SIZE AND SCOPE OF THE LANDSCAPE, SACRED PLACE, OR OBJECT WITH CULTURAL VALUE TO A CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBE, AND THAT IS:

1. LISTED OR ELIGIBLE FOR LISTING IN THE CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES, OR

IN THE LOCAL REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES AS DEFINED IN PUBLIC RESOURCES CODE SECTION 5020.1(K)?

2. A RESOURCE DETERMINED BY THE LEAD AGENCY, IN ITS DISCRETION AND SUPPORTED BY

SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE, TO BE SIGNIFICANT PURSUANT TO CRITERIA SET FORTH IN SUBDIVISION (C) OF PUBLIC RESOURCES CODE SECTION 5024.1? IN APPLYING THE CRITERIA SET FORTH IN SUBDIVISION (C) OF PUBLIC RESOURCES CODE SECTION 5024.1, THE LEAD AGENCY

SHALL CONSIDER THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESOURCE TO A CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBE.

Impact Analysis
Whatever the linguistic affiliation, Native Americans in and around the City of Hawthorne exhibited similar organization and resource procurement strategies. Villages were based on clan or lineage groups. Their home/base sites are marked by midden deposits, often with bedrock mortars. During their seasonal rounds to exploit plant resources, small groups would migrate within their traditional territory in search of specific plants and animals. Their gathering strategies often left behind signs of special use sites, usually grinding slicks on bedrock boulders, at the locations of the resources.

Given the history of tribes in and around the City of Hawthorne, there is the potential that the construction of future development proposals would impact tribal cultural resources. Past construction and development practices in the City were not as sensitive to tribal cultural resources as current practices. Thus, ground-disturbing activities, such as grading or excavation, could disturb previously unidentified subsurface resources, including unknown tribal cultural resources.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; tribal consultation per Assembly Bill 52, Public Resources Code Section 21080.3.1; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-25

4.6 ENERGY
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation?

B. Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to energy were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no energy impacts for the following:
 Use of substantial amounts of fuel or energy.
 Substantial increase in demand upon existing sources of energy or require the development of new sources of energy.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
No mitigation measures were required for energy.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN POTENTIALLY SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DUE TO

WASTEFUL, INEFFICIENT, OR UNNECESSARY CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY RESOURCES, DURING PROJECT CONSTRUCTION OR OPERATION?
B. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH OR OBSTRUCT A STATE OR LOCAL PLAN FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY OR ENERGY EFFICIENCY?
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals. The proposed Municipal Code Amendments would not result in a substantial adverse effect relative to energy resources, renewable energy, or energy efficiency.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-26
Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; most current adopted version of the California Building Code and California Green Building Standards Code; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

The proposed project would not result in impacts to energy resources, or conflict with or obstruct any plans addressing renewable energy or energy efficiency. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-27

4.7 GEOLOGY AND SOILS
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving:
1) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42. 
2) Strong seismic ground shaking? 
3) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction?  4) Landslides? 
B. Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil?  C. Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on-or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse? 
D. Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property?  E. Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water?

F. Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to earth were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no earth impacts for the following:
 Unstable earth conditions or in changes in geologic substructures.  Disruptions, displacements, compaction, or overcovering of the soil.  Substantial change in topography or ground surface relief features.  Destruction, covering, or modification of any unique geologic or physical features.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-28
 Any substantial increase in wind or water erosion of soils, either on- or off-site.  Changes in the deposition or erosion of beach sands, or changes in siltation, deposition or erosion of which may modify the channel of a river or stream or the bed of the ocean or any bay, inlet, or lake.  Exposure of people or property to geologic hazards, such as earthquakes, landslides, mudslides, ground failure, or similar hazards.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
No mitigation measures were required for earth.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY CAUSE POTENTIAL SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE EFFECTS, INCLUDING THE RISK OF LOSS, INJURY, OR DEATH INVOLVING:

1. RUPTURE OF A KNOWN EARTHQUAKE FAULT, AS DELINEATED ON THE MOST RECENT ALQUISTPRIOLO EARTHQUAKE FAULT ZONING MAP ISSUED BY THE STATE GEOLOGIST FOR THE AREA OR BASED ON OTHER SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE OF A KNOWN FAULT? REFER TO DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY SPECIAL PUBLICATION 42.

Southern California, including the City of Hawthorne, is subject to the effects of seismic activity due to the active faults that traverse the area. Active faults are defined as those that have experienced surface displacement within Holocene time (approximately the last 11,000 years) and/or are in a State-designated Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone. No Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault zones exist within the City of Hawthorne.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

2. STRONG SEISMIC GROUND SHAKING?
The City of Hawthorne, similar to the rest of California, is located within a seismically active region as a result of being located near the active margin between the North American and Pacific tectonic plates. Major faults within a 50mile radius of Hawthorne are capable of producing substantial effects from ground shaking. These faults include, but are not limited to, the Palos Verdes, Puente Hills, Newport-Inglewood, Santa Monica, Malibu Coast, Whittier, and San Andreas faults. A major earthquake produced along any of these faults has the potential to produce strong ground shaking in Hawthorne.

The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-29
The California Building Code includes specific design measures, which are based on the determination of Site Classification and Seismic Design Categories specific to a project site. These design measures are intended to maximize structural stability in the event of an earthquake.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; most current adopted version of the California Building Code; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

3. SEISMIC-RELATED GROUND FAILURE, INCLUDING LIQUEFACTION?

4. LANDSLIDES?
Seismic agitation of relatively loose saturated sands, silty sands, and some silts can result in a buildup of pore pressure. If the pore pressure exceeds the overburden stresses, a temporary quick condition known as liquefaction can occur. Liquefaction effects can manifest in several ways including: 1) loss of bearing; 2) lateral spread; 3) dynamic settlement; and 4) flow failure. Lateral spreading has typically been the most damaging mode of failure.

In general, the more recent that a sediment has been deposited, the more likely it will be susceptible to liquefaction. Other factors that must be considered are groundwater, confining stresses, relative density, and the intensity and duration of seismically-induced ground shaking.

The geologic and topographic characteristics of an area often determine its potential for landslides. Steep slopes, the extent of erosion, and the rock composition of a hillside all contribute to the potential slope failure and landslide events.

The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. Given that the City is located within relatively flat areas, future development associated with implementation of the proposed project would not be subject to liquefaction or landslide impacts.

The California Building Code includes specific design measures, which are based on the determination of Site Classification and Seismic Design Categories specific to a project site. These design measures are intended to maximize structural stability in the event of an earthquake.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; most current adopted version of the California Building Code; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-30
Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures seismic-related ensures ground failure and earthquake-induced landslide impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

B. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN SUBSTANTIAL SOIL EROSION OR THE LOSS OF TOPSOIL? The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Future development proposals involving demolition and/or construction activities would be subject to compliance with the California Building Code, as well as the requirements set forth in the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Storm Water General Construction Permit for construction activities. The NPDES Storm Water General Construction Permit requires preparation of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan, which would identify specific erosion and sediment control Best Management Practices that would be implemented to protect storm and non-storm water runoff during construction and post-development activities, inclusive of low impact development (LID) design considerations and operational and maintenance requirements. Compliance with the California Building Code and NPDES would minimize effects from erosion and ensure consistency with the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board Water Quality Control Plan.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures that soil erosion impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

C. WOULD THE PROJECT BE LOCATED ON A GEOLOGIC UNIT OR SOIL THAT IS UNSTABLE, OR THAT

WOULD BECOME UNSTABLE AS A RESULT OF THE PROJECT, AND POTENTIALLY RESULT IN AN

ON-SITE OR OFF-SITE LANDSLIDE, LATERAL SPREADING, SUBSIDENCE, LIQUEFACTION OR COLLAPSE?
Refer to Responses A.1.3 and A.1.4.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

D. WOULD THE PROJECT BE LOCATED ON EXPANSIVE SOIL, AS DEFINED IN TABLE 18-1-B OF THE UNIFORM BUILDING CODE (1994), CREATING SUBSTANTIAL RISKS TO LIFE OR PROPERTY? Expansive soils can be a problem, as variation in moisture content will cause a volume change in the soil. Expansive soils heave when moisture is introduced and contract as they dry. During inclement weather and/or excessive landscape watering, moisture infiltrates the soil and causes the soil to heave (expansion). When drying occurs the Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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soils will shrink (contraction). Repeated cycles of expansion and contraction of soils can cause pavement, concrete slabs on grade and foundations to crack. This movement can also result in misalignment of doors and windows.

The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; preparation of site-specific geologic studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; most current adopted version of the California Building Code; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures that expansive soil impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

E. WOULD THE PROJECT HAVE SOILS INCAPABLE OF ADEQUATELY SUPPORTING THE USE OF

SEPTIC TANKS OR ALTERNATIVE WASTE WATER DISPOSAL SYSTEMS WHERE SEWERS ARE NOT AVAILABLE FOR THE DISPOSAL OF WASTE WATER?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. All existing development within the City is connected to a sewer system for the disposal of wastewater.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; preparation of site-specific geologic studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; most current adopted version of the California Building Code; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures that septic tank or alternative waste water disposal system impacts remain as no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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F. WOULD THE PROJECT DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY DESTROY A UNIQUE PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCE OR SITE OR UNIQUE GEOLOGIC FEATURE?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development, and does not contain any known paleontological resources or unique geologic features. The potential for uncovering paleontological resources or unique geologic features within the City is considered remote, given that no such resources have been discovered during prior development activity.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; preparation of site-specific geologic studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; most current adopted version of the California Building Code; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures that unique paleontological resources or geological features impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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4.8 GREENHOUSE GASES
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? 
B. Conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Greenhouse gas emissions were not analyzed in the 1989 GP EIR nor the 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR, as the topic was not required at that time.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
None.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT GENERATE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, THAT MAY HAVE A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT? B. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH AN APPLICABLE PLAN, POLICY, OR REGULATION ADOPTED FOR THE PURPOSE OF REDUCING THE EMISSIONS OF GREENHOUSE GASES? The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; most current adopted version of the California Building Code; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; Hawthorne Climate Action Plan, and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-34
Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures greenhouse gas emissions or conflicts with adopted plans, policies, and regulations remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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4.9 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? 
B. Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment?

C. Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school?  D. Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? 
E. For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? 
F. Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to risk of upset were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no risk of upset impacts for the following:
 A risk of an explosion or the release of hazardous substances (including, but not limited to, oil, pesticides, chemicals, or radiation) in the event of an accident or upset conditions.  Possible interference with an emergency response plan or an emergency evacuation plan.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
No mitigation measures were required for risk of upset.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-36

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT CREATE A SIGNIFICANT HAZARD TO THE PUBLIC OR THE ENVIRONMENT THROUGH THE ROUTINE TRANSPORT, USE, OR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS? B. WOULD THE PROJECT CREATE A SIGNIFICANT HAZARD TO THE PUBLIC OR THE ENVIRONMENT

THROUGH REASONABLY FORESEEABLE UPSET AND ACCIDENT CONDITIONS INVOLVING THE RELEASE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INTO THE ENVIRONMENT?
C. WOULD THE PROJECT EMIT HAZARDOUS EMISSIONS OR HANDLE HAZARDOUS OR ACUTELY

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, SUBSTANCES, OR WASTE WITHIN ONE-QUARTER MILE OF AN EXISTING OR PROPOSED SCHOOL?
D. WOULD THE PROJECT BE LOCATED ON A SITE WHICH IS INCLUDED ON A LIST OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SITES COMPILED PURSUANT TO GOVERNMENT CODE SECTION 65962.5 AND, AS A RESULT, WOULD IT CREATE A SIGNIFICANT HAZARD TO THE PUBLIC OR THE ENVIRONMENT? Certain types of development and uses within the City utilize hazardous materials. These uses make Hawthorne susceptible to hazards from spills of toxic materials and vulnerable to the byproducts of waste generated in manufacturing and agricultural areas. Accidents can occur in the production, use, storage, transport, and disposal of hazardous materials. This danger is mitigated, however, by various State and federal legislation regulating the use, storage, and transportation of hazardous materials and the strict enforcement of these regulations.

The location of hazardous material and toxic sites in Hawthorne is shown in Figure 4-1, Hazardous Materials and Toxic Sites. The principal area of sites and facilities for the production, use, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials is bounded on the north and south by 120th and 132nd Streets, respectively, and east and west by Crenshaw Boulevard and Prairie Avenue. The biggest user of hazardous materials in Hawthorne is Northrop Corporation which has its own waste-control management system and therefore its own transfer system, plus its own response team. There are no major refineries located within the City.

To protect the public from exposure to hazardous materials, the City has implemented the following measures:
 Zoning controls over permitted uses to carefully regulate hazardous use  Conditions for approval by the Planning Commission for conditional use permits and site plan review  Hazardous materials disclosure and regulatory procedures  The appointment of a hazardous materials specialist (assigned to the Fire Department) The County of Los Angeles Department of Environmental Health enforces the provisions of the Hazardous Waste Control Law of the State of California as set forth in the California Health and Safety Code and the California Code of Regulations. The City coordinates with the County of Los Angeles Environmental Health Department to effectively manage hazardous materials and waste as well as implement educational programs.

The Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACoFD) maintains the mandatory disclosure file on use (or non-use), handling, and storage practices of hazardous materials and hazardous wastes annually of all businesses.

Inventories of hazardous materials are data-processed for immediate availability to fire, police, and other firstresponder (i.e. first at the scene of an incident) departments. These potential risks are carefully monitored and controlled through annual inspection.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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In addition, the City of Hawthorne has a number of regulations in the Municipal Code, Title 8 Health and Safety, Chapter 8.36 Hazardous Material that adopt California Health and Safety Code regulations affecting the use, transport, and production of hazardous materials.

Given Hawthorne’s history of being an industrial center in southern California, an essential part of the General Plan is preventing persons and property in the City from being exposed to hazardous materials. These General Plan Land Element and Safety Element objectives and policies address the protection of residents and business employees from potential hazards, as well as regulate the placement, use, and transport of hazardous materials in order to protect public safety and well-being.

Impact Analysis
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Future development has the potential to encounter off-site or on-site hazardous materials. The location of hazardous material and toxic sites in Hawthorne is shown in Figure 4-1. If applicable, future development proposals would undergo due diligence through the preparation of a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment to determine if there are hazards relative to the transport, use or disposal of hazardous materials, if there would be a releases of materials into the environment, result in the emission or handling of hazardous materials near an elementary school, or be located on a hazardous materials site. The Phase I Environmental Assessment would provide recommendations for site clean-up, if necessary.

In addition, future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; most current adopted version of the California Building Code; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code, Building Code, and Fire Code requirements.

Adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not pose a significant hazard to the public or the environment, or involve the transportation, use, or storage of hazardous or potentially hazardous materials.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-38
Figure 4-1 Hazardous Material and Toxic Sites
Source: City of Hawthorne General Plan Safety Element, Figure 2 (February 2022) Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-39
E. FOR A PROJECT LOCATED WITHIN AN AIRPORT LAND USE PLAN OR, WHERE SUCH A PLAN HAS

NOT BEEN ADOPTED, WITHIN TWO MILES OF A PUBLIC AIRPORT OR PUBLIC USE AIRPORT,

WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN A SAFETY HAZARD FOR PEOPLE RESIDING OR WORKING IN THE PROJECT AREA?
The Hawthorne Municipal Airport, also known as Jack Northrop Field, is located at 12101 S. Crenshaw Boulevard, Hawthorne, CA 90250. The 80-acre property lies three miles from Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) and ten miles from downtown Los Angeles, located near the intersection of the 405 and 105 freeways.

Hawthorne Municipal Airport is an FAA-designated general aviation reliever airport owned by the City of Hawthorne. Hawthorne Airport LLC — a strategic partnership of Kearny Real Estate Company, Wedgewood and Howard CDM — has entered into a 45-year ground lease agreement with the City to operate all non-airfield portions of the Airport.

The Airport features 24-hour operation, private VIP facilities, easy freeway access and a free shuttle to LAX, in addition to a 4,956-foot long, 100-foot wide lighted runway that can accommodate aircraft weighing up to 90,000 pounds (with dual tandem wheel loading). The Airport is also home to an FAA-operated Air Traffic Control Tower, and houses Wolf Air.

Hawthorne Airport LLC also operates Century Aviation, the Airport’s fixed base operations provider, which was acquired in November 2004 under the name Security Aviation. Security Aviation still maintains a FAA Part 145 Repair Station, Cessna Service Center and Parts Sales Center.

The City of Hawthorne General Plan Noise Element provides noise contours (Figures 5A and 5B) for the City of Hawthorne, which includes the airport.

The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Future development proposals would need to determine if the site is located within the noise contours associated with the Hawthorne Airport and if the site would/would not be exposed to excessive noise associated with the airport. In addition, future development proposals would need to determine if the site is located within the airport’s Runway Protection Zone (RPZ).

Future development proposals would be required to comply with CEQA, as applicable; all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; most current adopted version of the California Building Code; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; Hawthorne General Plan Noise Element, and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

F. WOULD THE PROJECT IMPAIR IMPLEMENTATION OF OR PHYSICALLY INTERFERE WITH AN ADOPTED EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN OR EMERGENCY EVACUATION PLAN? The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

Adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not impair the implementation of the City’s Local Hazard Mitigation Plan or interfere with other applicable emergency response or evacuation plans. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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4.10 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality?  B. Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin?

C. Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would:
1) Result in a substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site?  2) Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off-site? 
3) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff?

4) Impede or redirect flood flows? 
D. In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation? 
E. Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to water were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no water impacts for the following:
 Substantial changes in currents, or the course or direction of water movements, in either marine or fresh waters.
 Substantial changes in absorption rates, drainage patterns, or the rate and amount of surface runoff.  Alterations to the course or flow of flood waters.
 Change in the amount of surface water in any water body.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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 Discharge into surface waters, or in any alteration of surface water quality, including, but not limited to, temperature, dissolve oxygen, or turbidity.
 Alteration of the direction or rate of flow of ground waters.  Change in the quantity of ground waters, either through direct additions or withdrawals, or through interception of an aquifer by cuts or excavation.
 Substantial reduction in the amount of water otherwise available for public water supplies.  Exposure of people or property to water-related hazards, such as flooding or tidal waves.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
No mitigation measures were required for water.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT VIOLATE ANY WATER QUALITY STANDARDS OR WASTE DISCHARGE

REQUIREMENTS OR OTHERWISE SUBSTANTIALLY DEGRADE SURFACE OR GROUND WATER QUALITY?
Surface water and groundwater quality in the City of Hawthorne is similar to that which is characterized for other urbanized areas surrounding the City and within the County of Los Angeles. The City encourages development projects to be designed with pervious materials and landscaped areas to enhance on-site capture and absorption of stormflows. Also, through the implementation of National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program requirements, the City guards against high pollutant loads and erosive materials in surface runoff.

Future development proposals would be required to provide for the elimination/reduction of pollutant discharges, including capture and treatment of dry weather and first flush runoff in a manner consistent with Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board (LARWQCB) requirements. All storm water discharges must comply with applicable provisions of Los Angeles County’s NPDES permit. As a co-permittee, the City is responsible for implementation of the requirements of the NPDES permit issued to the County. Consistent with LARWQCB/NPDES and City requirements, appropriate Best Management Practices (BMPs) would be required throughout construction processes of future development proposals, thereby controlling potential discharge of pollutants, preventing sewage spills, and avoiding discharge of sediments into streets, stormwater channels, or waterways.

In addition, long-term water quality impacts associated with future development proposals would also be avoided through the implementation of structural, non-structural and treatment control BMPs and low impact development (LID) design considerations and operational and maintenance requirements that are identified in the Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) prepared for each future development proposal to ensure that long-term water quality impacts are minimized. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

B. WOULD THE PROJECT SUBSTANTIALLY DECREASE GROUNDWATER SUPPLIES OR INTERFERE

SUBSTANTIALLY WITH GROUNDWATER RECHARGE SUCH THAT THE PROJECT MAY IMPEDED SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT OF THE BASIN?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development, including established hydrology and water quality systems.

The City of Hawthorne receives water from Golden State Water Company, Southwest (GSWC) and California Water Service, Hawthorne District (Cal Water). The City is located within GSWC’s Southwest Customer Service Area, which serves approximately 55,000 customers. Water delivered to the Southwest System is a blend of groundwater pumped from the West and Central Coast Groundwater Basins and imported water from the Colorado River Aqueduct and State Water Project (imported and distributed by Metropolitan Water District of Southern California).

It is estimated that the Cal Water Hawthorne District’s service area population was 44,690 in 2020. Water is supplied to Hawthorne customers from one groundwater well and with purchased surface water obtained by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD) from the Colorado River and the State Water Project in northern California. The Hawthorne system is comprised of one groundwater well, two MWD connections, six reservoirs, and four booster pump stations.

Groundwater supplies constitute a major component of GSWC’s Southwest water supply portfolio. The GSWC Southwest service area overlies a portion of the Central Subbasin. The Central Subbasin covers approximately 277 square miles and is underlain by twelve aquifers. Recharge occurs from percolation of precipitation, stream flow, and return flow of applied waters, from artificial recharge activities at spreading grounds, and injection of imported water into the Alamitos Barrier Project. Recharge of the Central Subbasin occurs in the forebay areas due to the presence of permeable sediments.

Another portion of the GSWC Southwest lies in the adjoining West Coast Basin. The Cal Water, Hawthorne District also overlies the West Coast Basin. The West Coast Basin underlies approximately 160 square miles in the southwestern part of the Los Angeles Coastal Plain in Los Angeles County. Natural recharge to the West Coast Basin’s groundwater supply is mostly underflow from the Central Basin. Other minor sources of recharge include percolation of precipitation, irrigation return flow from fields and laws, and other applied surface waters.16 Both the Central and West Coast Basins are adjudicated and are therefore subject to a maximum allowed pumping allocation for groundwater extraction across the entire Basins.

Future development proposals would be reviewed by the City to determine if there is any change to existing runoff conditions or potential increases in the amount of impervious surfaces affecting groundwater recharge. In addition, future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-44
requirements. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

C. WOULD THE PROJECT SUBSTANTIALLY ALTER THE EXISTING DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE SITE

OR AREA, INCLUDING THROUGH THE ALTERATION OF THE COURSE OF STREAM OR RIVER, IN A MANNER WHICH WOULD:

1. RESULT IN SUBSTANTIAL EROSION OR SILTATION ON- OR OFF-SITE?

2. SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASE THE RATE OR AMOUNT OF SURFACE RUNOFF IN A MANNER WHICH WOULD RESULT IN FLOODING ON- OR OFF-SITE?

3. CREATE OR CONTRIBUTE RUNOFF WATER WHICH WOULD EXCEED THE CAPACITY OF EXISTING

OR PLANNED STORMWATER DRAINAGE SYSTEMS OR PROVIDE SUBSTANTIAL ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF POLLUTED RUNOFF?
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

As such, the proposed project does not propose to alter the existing drainage pattern of any site in the City, nor does it propose to alter any streams or rivers resulting in substantial erosion, surface runoff resulting in flooding, or runoff existing the system’s capacity. Any future development proposals would occur on urban land consistent with adopted land use policy, which provides for protection of existing drainage courses. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

4. IMPEDE OR REDIRECT FLOOD FLOWS?
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

Infrastructure exists with the City, and thus, storm water runoff associated with future development proposals would continue to be conveyed and discharged into the local stormwater system. Additionally, construction of future development proposals would be restricted within the individual site boundary. As such, implementation of the proposed project would not lead to on-site or off-site siltation or erosion impeding or redirecting flood flow.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-45
D. WOULD THE PROJECT IN FLOOD HAZARD, TSUNAMI, OR SEICHE ZONES, RISK RELEASE OF POLLUTANTS DUE TO PROJECT INUNDATION?
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Flood Hazard Layer FIRMette1 , the City of
Hawthorne, is located within an area of minimal flood hazard (Zone X). Tsunamis are sea waves that are generated in response to large‐magnitude earthquakes, which can result in coastal flooding. Seiches are the oscillation of large bodies of standing water, such as lakes, that can occur in response to ground shaking. At its closest point, the City of Hawthorne is approximately 3.5 miles inland of the Pacific Ocean and there are no large bodies of standing water within or near the City. As a result, tsunamis and seiches do not pose hazards due to the City’s inland location and lack of nearby bodies of standing water. Potential sites for development are not located within a flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zone.

The proposed project would not result in the placement of future development within a flood hazard area, within a dam inundation area, or within an area susceptible to seiche or tsunami hazards. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

The City is relatively flat and fully urbanized, and thus, is not susceptible to mudflows. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

E. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH OR OBSTRUCT IMPLEMENTATION OF A WATER QUALITY CONTROL PLAN OR SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN? The Water Quality Control Plan Los Angeles Region, Basin Plan for the Coastal Watersheds of Los Angeles and Ventura Counties (Basin Plan) is the water quality control plan for the greater Los Angeles Basin, including the City of Hawthorne. The Basin Plan designates beneficial uses, establishes water quality objectives, and contains implementation programs and policies to achieve those objectives for all waters addressed through the Basin Plan.

In 2014, the Governor signed the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) into law, which requires governments and water agencies of high and medium priority basins to halt overdraft and bring groundwater basins into balanced levels of pumping and recharge. SGMA empowers local agencies to form Groundwater Sustainability Agencies (GSAs) to manage basins sustainably and requires those GSAs to adopt Groundwater Sustainability Plans (GSPs) for crucial groundwater basins in California.

Sources of water for use and recharge in the Central Basin and West Coast Basin (CBWCB) include surface water/stormwater, imported water, groundwater, and recycled water. Other minor potential sources of groundwater recharge include leaking pipes, septic systems, and stream losses (not associated with managed aquifer recharge).
1 Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Flood Hazard Layer FIRMette for City of Hawthorne, accessed May 26, 2023.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-46
The West Coast (WCB) underlies 160 square miles in the southwestern part of the Los Angeles Coastal Plain in Los Angeles County. The WCB extends southwesterly along the coast from the Newport-Inglewood Uplift to the Santa Monica Bay. The WCB provides groundwater to approximately eleven cities and unincorporated areas of Los Angeles County. This average annual production is roughly 52,000 Acre-feet (AF), which accounts for 20% of total retail demands. The City of Hawthorne is within the West Coast Basin.

In 1961, the Basin was adjudicated. The adjudication limits the allowable annual extraction of groundwater per water rights holder within West Coast Basin in order to prevent seawater intrusion and an unhealthy groundwater level. As part of the adjudication, the court appointed the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) to serve as Watermaster to account for all water rights and groundwater extraction amounts per year.

Since the adjudicated groundwater production is substantially higher than the natural recharge of the WCB, the California State Legislature in 1959 created the Water Replenishment District of Southern California (WRD) to manage, regulate and replenish the Basin. Each year WRD determines the amount of supplemental recharge that is needed for the Basin based upon annual groundwater extractions and groundwater levels. As part of the recharge and protective duties, WRD procures imported water and recycled water for the West Coast Basin Barrier Project and Dominguez Gap Barrier Project to prevent seawater intrusion.

Through the coordination of the Los Angeles County Public Works Department, DWR, and WRD, the West Coast Basin is managed and maintained to provide the utmost water quality and reliability for the region.

Pursuant to the SGMA, the West Coast Basin was named as an adjudicated groundwater basin and thus is exempt from the requirements of developing a GSP.

Groundwater for the City of Hawthorne is supplied by the Central Subbasin and the West Coast Basin. In 2014, the California Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) was passed. SGMA empowers local agencies to form Groundwater Sustainability Agencies (GSAs) to manage basins sustainably and requires those GSAs to adopt Groundwater Sustainability Plans (GSPs) for crucial groundwater basins in California.Under the SGMA the Central Basin and West Coast Basin are exempted from the requirement to form a Groundwater Sustainability Agency since they are adjudicated basins.

Cal Water and GSWC’s UWMP use Southern California Association of Government (SCAG) growth projections to determine water demand and needed supplies. The forecasted population growth resulting from future housing development facilitated by the proposed project is within the 2045 population growth projection as determined by SCAG, and the associated population growth would not be considered “unplanned” population growth.

The proposed project would not conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or a sustainable groundwater management plan. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-47

4.11 LAND USE AND PLANNING
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Physically divide an established community? 
B. Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect?


PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to land use were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no land use impacts for the following:
 The proposal will result in a substantial alteration of the present or planned use of an area.

The GP EIR concluded land use impacts were mitigated to acceptable levels.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT PHYSICALLY DIVIDE AN ESTABLISHED COMMUNITY? The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals. And thus, the proposed project does not provide for new land use uses that would physically divide or disrupt established neighborhoods or create physical barriers in Hawthorne. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-48
B. WOULD THE PROJECT CAUSE A SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DUE TO A CONFLICT

WITH ANY APPLICABLE LAND USE PLAN, POLICY, OR REGULATION ADOPTED FOR THE PURPOSE OF AVOIDING OR MITIGATING AN ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT?
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals
Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements; The adoption and implementation of the proposed project further enhance the goals, policies, and implantation programsin the General Plan, would not conflict with goals or objectives contained within regional plans, or cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with an applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-49

4.12 MINERAL RESOURCES
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? 
B. Result in the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to natural resources were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no natural resources impacts for the following:
 Substantial increase in the rate of use of any natural resources.  Substantial depletion of any non-renewable natural resource.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
No mitigation measures were required for natural resources.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN THE LOSS OF AVAILABILITY OF A KNOWN MINERAL RESOURCE THAT WOULD BE OF VALUE TO THE REGION AND THE RESIDENTS OF THE STATE? B. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN THE LOSS OF AVAILABILITY OF A LOCALLY-IMPORTANT

MINERAL RESOURCE RECOVERY SITE DELINEATED ON A LOCAL GENERAL PLAN, SPECIFIC PLAN, OR OTHER LAND USE PLAN?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. The Surface Mining and Reclamation Act of 1975 (SMARA) requires classification of land into mineral resource zones (MRZs) according to an area’s known or inferred mineral potential. The State Division of Mines and Geology has not designated any lands within the City as a State classified mineral resources deposit area. In addition, no areas within the City are designated for mineral resources extraction.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-50
Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project is consistent with the GP EIR finding of no impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-51

4.13 NOISE
Would the project result in:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? 
B. Generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels?  C. For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels?


PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to noise were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no noise impacts for the following:
 Increases in existing noise levels.
 Exposure of people to severe noise levels.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
The 1989 General Plan EIR Table A, Environmental Impact Summary, includes the following mitigation measures:
 Goals and policies contained in the General Plan Noise Element.  Goals and policies contained in the General Plan Land Use Element regarding compatibility of land uses.  State sound insulation requirements for new multi-family construction.  Freeway barrier walls.
 Site planning to minimize noise impacts.
 Develop Noise Ordinance.

The GP EIR concluded noise impacts were mitigated to acceptable levels.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-52

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN GENERATION OF A SUBSTANTIAL TEMPORARY OR

PERMANENT INCREASE IN AMBIENT NOISE LEVELS IN THE VICINITY OF THE PROJECT IN EXCESS

OF STANDARDS ESTABLISHED IN THE LOCAL GENERAL PLAN OR NOISE ORDINANCE, OR APPLICABLE STANDARDS OF OTHER AGENCIES?
B. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN GENERATION OF EXCESSIVE GROUNDBORNE VIBRATION OR GROUNDBORNE NOISE LEVELS?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

While adoption of the proposed project would not directly result in the construction of housing, implementation of the Municipal Code Amendments would facilitate the construction of future development proposals consistent with adopted land use policy. Typically, residential uses do not generate high noise levels. However, individual residential development projects may result in the exposure of persons to noise levels in excess of standards established in the General Plan, Municipal Code, or Noise Ordinance.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code and Noise Ordinance requirements.

Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

C. FOR A PROJECT LOCATED WITHIN THE VICINITY OF A PRIVATE AIRSTRIP OR AN AIRPORT LAND

USE PLAN OR, WHERE SUCH A PLAN HAS NOT BEEN ADOPTED, WITHIN TWO MILES OF A PUBLIC

AIRPORT OR PUBLIC USE AIRPORT, WOULD THE PROJECT EXPOSE PEOPLE RESIDING OR WORKING IN THE PROJECT AREA TO EXCESSIVE NOISE LEVELS?
Aircraft overflights, takeoffs, and landings in the City of Hawthorne contribute to the ambient noise environment.

Each of these events results exposes sensitive receptors to elevated noise levels near the Hawthorne Municipal Airport or other public and private heliports in the City.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-53
Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code and Noise Ordinance requirements.

Adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not expose future residents or workers in the City to substantial sources of airport or heliport noise in the City. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-54
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Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-55

4.14 POPULATION AND HOUSING
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
a. Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)?

b. Displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to population were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no population impacts for the following:
 The proposal will alter the location, distribution, density, or growth rate of the human population of an area.

Impacts to housing were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no housing impacts for the following:
 The proposal will affect existing housing or create a demand for additional housing.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
The 1989 General Plan EIR Table A, Environmental Impact Summary, includes the following mitigation measure:
 Growth management in accordance with regional plans.

The GP EIR concluded population impacts were mitigated to acceptable levels.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-56

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT INDUCE SUBSTANTIAL UNPLANNED POPULATION GROWTH IN AN AREA,

EITHER DIRECTLY (FOR EXAMPLE, BY PROPOSING NEW HOMES AND BUSINESSES) OR INDIRECTLY (FOR EXAMPLE, THROUGH EXTENSION OF ROADS OR OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE)? The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements. As such, the proposed project would not induce substantial unplanned population growth within the City either directly or indirectly. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

B. WOULD THE PROJECT DISPLACE SUBSTANTIAL NUMBERS OF EXISTING PEOPLE OR HOUSING, NECESSITATING THE CONSTRUCTION OF REPLACEMENT HOUSING ELSEWHERE? The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

The future development of vacant properties or underutilized properties with existing homes could result in the displacement of existing housing or people necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere.

Displacement would be evaluated, if needed, as part of a future development proposal’s plan check process, along with project-specific conditions relative to the displacement of people or residential structures.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-57

4.15 PUBLIC SERVICES
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services:
1) Fire protection? 
2) Police protection? 
3) Schools? 
4) Parks? 
5) Other public facilities? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to public services were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no public services impacts for the following:
 The proposal will have a substantial effect upon, or result in a need for new or altered governmental services in any of the following areas:
o Fire Protection
o Police Protection
o Schools
o Parks or other recreational facilities
o Maintenance of public facilities, including roads
o Other governmental services
Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-58
GP EIR Mitigation Measures
The 1989 General Plan EIR Table A, Environmental Impact Summary, includes the following mitigation measure:
 Growth management to ensure adequate service.

The GP EIR concluded public service impacts were mitigated to acceptable levels.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE PHYSICAL IMPACTS ASSOCIATED

WITH THE PROVISION OF NEW OR PHYSICALLY ALTERED GOVERNMENTAL FACILITIES, NEED

FOR NEW OR PHYSICALLY ALTERED GOVERNMENTAL FACILITIES, THE CONSTRUCTION OF

WHICH COULD CAUSE SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN

ACCEPTABLE SERVICE RATIOS, RESPONSE TIMES OR OTHER PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES FOR ANY OF THE PUBLIC SERVICES:

1. FIRE PROTECTION?

2. POLICE PROTECTION?
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

The proposed project does not include any site-specific development designs or proposals, but does revise the Municipal Code to further facilitate the production of future housing development. As such, new housing units associated with future development proposals could require additional fire and police protection services and facilities for the Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACoFD) and Hawthorne Police Department.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; and Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

In addition, as part of its annual budget process and periodic review of its contracts with LACoFD and the e Hawthorne Police Department, the City evaluates fire and police protection service levels, and adjusts budgets accordingly to meet identified demand and service goals. This process would continue through the course of the proposed project. With continued application of these programs, the City would be able to address anticipated increased service demands. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-59

3. SCHOOLS?
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

The proposed project does not include any site-specific development designs or proposals, but does revise the Municipal Code to further facilitate the production of future housing development. New residents in the future housing developments could place an increased demand on school facilities within the applicable school districts.

As allowed by State law, school districts collect fees for new residential construction to help offset the costs of providing additional education facilities and services. Such fees would be paid by developers at the time individual building permits are issued. Pursuant to SB 50, payment of fees to the school districts is considered full mitigation for project impacts, including impacts related to the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, or other performance objectives for schools. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

4. PARKS?
Refer to Section 4.16, Recreation.

5. OTHER PUBLIC FACILITIES?
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

The proposed project does not include any site-specific development designs or proposals, but does revise the Municipal Code to further facilitate the production of future housing development. Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

In addition, as part of its annual budget process, the County of Los Angeles adjusts budgets accordingly to meet identified library demand and service goals for the Hawthorne Library. This process would continue through the course of the proposed project, and thus, the County of Los Angeles would be able to address anticipated increased library service demands. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-60
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Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-61

4.16 RECREATION
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated?

B. Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment?


PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Impacts to public services (recreation) were considered, but not found to be significant in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no public services (recreation) impacts for the following:
 The proposal will have a substantial effect upon, or result in a need for new or altered governmental services in any of the following areas:
o Parks or other recreational facilities
o Maintenance of public facilities, including roads
GP EIR Mitigation Measures
The 1989 General Plan EIR Table A, Environmental Impact Summary, includes the following mitigation measure:
 Growth management to ensure adequate service.

The GP EIR concluded public services (recreation) impacts were mitigated to acceptable levels.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-62

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT INCREASE THE USE OF EXISTING NEIGHBORHOOD AND REGIONAL PARKS

OR OTHER RECREATIONAL FACILITIES SUCH THAT SUBSTANTIAL PHYSICAL DETERIORATION OF THE FACILITY WOULD OCCUR OR BE ACCELERATED?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development, including recreation facilities.

The proposed project does not include any site-specific development designs or proposals, but does revise the Municipal Code to further facilitate the production of future housing development. Future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

B. DOES THE PROJECT INCLUDE RECREATIONAL FACILITIES OR REQUIRE THE CONSTRUCTION OR

EXPANSION OF RECREATIONAL FACILITIES WHICH MIGHT HAVE AN ADVERSE PHYSICAL EFFECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT?
The proposed project does not include plans for or construction of any recreational facilities. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-63

4.17 TRANSPORTATION
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance, or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities?  B. Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3 subdivision (b)? 
C. Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)?  D. Result in inadequate emergency access? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
The 1989 General Plan EIR and 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR analyzed transportation.

GP EIR Environmental Impacts
The General Plan Circulation Element describes the existing transportation network within the City of Hawthorne.

The 1989 General Plan EIR Table A-5 projects the number of vehicle trips and vehicle miles travelled as a result of the 1989 General Plan. Residential and commercial trips and vehicle miles travelled (VMT) will increase, while industrial trips and VMT will decrease. The intensification of commercial development, both General Commercial development on the east side of the city and Freeway Commercial development at the San Diego Freeway, may require traffic impact mitigation measures. The measures which may be required would be highly variable, depending on the intensity and design of the specific development project, and should be considered on a caseby-case basis when specific development projects are reviewed. Mitigation measures for particular traffic problems must be considered at a greater level than is provided by a General Plan EIR.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
Mitigation measures were required for transportation/circulation as noted below.

All of the goals and policies contained in the General Plan Circulation Element serve as mitigation for transportation and circulation impacts.

The 1989 General Plan EIR Table A, Environmental Impact Summary, includes the following mitigation measures:
 Goals and policies contained in the General Plan Circulation Element.  Goals and policies contained in the General Plan Conservation Element encouraging alternative modes of travel.

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 Intersection improvements outlined in Circulation Element.

Impacts to transportation/circulation were concluded to be mitigated to acceptable levels in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined maybe transportation/circulation impacts for the following:
 Generation of substantial additional vehicular movement.  Substantial impact upon existing transportation systems.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no transportation/circulation impacts for the following:
 Effect on existing parking facilities, or demand for new parking.  Alterations to present patterns of circulation or movement of people or goods.  Alterations to waterborne, rail, or air traffic.
 Increase in traffic hazards to motor vehicles, bicyclists, or pedestrians.

Impacts to transportation/circulation were concluded to mitigated to acceptable levels in the 1990 Addendum to the GP EIR.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT WITH AN APPLICABLE PLAN, ORDINANCE OR POLICY

ADDRESSING THE CIRCULATION, INCLUDING TRANSIT, ROADWAY, BICYCLE, AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development, roads, and transportation systems.

All future development proposals would be evaluated, if applicable, for potential conflicts with relevant circulation plans, ordinances, or policies relative to transit, bicycle, pedestrian, and roadway facilities. Thus, it is not anticipated that adoption and implementation of the proposed project would significantly impact the effectiveness or performance of existing pedestrian, bicycle, or multi-purpose trail facilities, nor would it limit the accessibility for pedestrians or future cyclists, or their ability to utilize existing facilities.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

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B. WOULD THE PROJECT CONFLICT OR BE INCONSISTENT WITH CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15064.3 SUBDIVISION (B)?
At the time the GP EIR was certified in 1989 and the Addendum to the GP EIR in 1990, SB 743 was not in place and thus, the GP EIR did not evaluate this threshold.

The 2018 updates to the CEQA Guidelines included a new threshold requiring a determination of consistency with CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3. CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3 requires an analysis of Vehicle Miles Travelled (VMTs), in accordance with California Senate Bill (SB) 743. Level of Service (LOS) had been used as the basis for determining the significance of traffic impacts as standard practice in CEQA documents for decades. In 2013, SB 743 was passed, which is intended to balance the need for LOS for traffic planning with the need to build infill housing and mixed-use commercial developments within walking distance of mass transit facilities, downtowns, and town centers and to provide greater flexibility to local governments to balance these sometimes-competing needs. At full implementation of SB 743, the California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR) replaced LOS as the metric against which traffic impacts are evaluated with a metric based on VMTs. The City of Hawthorne will implement CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3 for applicable development applications submitted after July 1, 2020 to determine whether the development would have a significant transportation and traffic impact.

Transit Priority Areas
Public Resources Code Section 21099 defines Transit Priority Areas (TPAs) as an area within one-half mile of a major transit stop that is existing or planned, if the planned stop is scheduled to be completed within the planning horizon included in a Transportation Improvement Program. Public Resources Code Section 21155(b) defines High Quality Transit Areas (HQTAs) are defined as areas within one-half mile of a fixed guideway transit stop or a bus transit corridor where buses pick up passengers at a frequency of every 15 minutes or less during peak commuting hours.

Impact Analysis
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development, roads, and transportation systems. The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any sitespecific developments, designs, or proposals.

Transit Priority Areas/High Quality Transit Areas
There is the potential that some of the future development proposals would be located within ½-mile of the existing or future Transit Priority Areas/High Quality Transit Areas (TPAs/HQTAs) with access to the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) buses and trains, and thus, would have the potential to reduce vehicle miles travelled (VMT). Refer to Figure 4-2, Hawthorne Transit Priority Area Map.

Based upon Figure 4-2, the following roadways are located within a TPQ/HQTA:
 West-East: Imperial Highway, 120th Street, El Segundo Boulevard, Rosecrans Avenue, and Marine Avenue  North-South: Aviation Boulevard, Inglewood Avenue, Hawthorne Boulevard, Prairie Avenue, Yukon Avenue, and Crenshaw Boulevard
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Vehicle Miles Travelled and Level of Service
Traffic Impact Review
The City’s review process works closely with developers and residents to ensure that the General Plan Circulation Element and Zoning Code are met for the proposed new development. If the proposed new development generates any significant impacts, it must mitigate its impact on the City’s street network system. The development’s on-site circulation, pedestrian amenities, driveway locations/access points and parking evaluation are also reviewed.

If not screened for exemption, all future development proposals would be evaluated for VMT and Level of Service (LOS) impacts, if applicable, and determine if development-related conditions of approval are needed. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

C. WOULD THE PROJECT SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASE HAZARDS DUE TO A DESIGN FEATURE (E.G., SHARP CURVES OR DANGEROUS INTERSECTIONS) OR INCOMPATIBLE USES (E.G., FARM EQUIPMENT)?
The City of Hawthorne has been fully urbanized for many years with established development, roads, and transportation systems.

Future development proposals s would be evaluated to determine the appropriate land use permit for authorizing its use and the conditions for their establishment and operation. At a minimum, compliance with relevant Hawthorne Municipal Code standards would be required. In addition, future development proposals would be subject to review and approval by the City of Hawthorne Community Development and Public Works Departments. Access to a future development site would be required to comply with all City design standards, which preclude the potential for dangerous conditions.

Also, future development proposals would be evaluated to ensure that adequate access and circulation to and within the future development site is provided. Access to a site must comply with all City design standards and would be reviewed by the relevant City of Hawthorne departments to ensure that inadequate design features or incompatible uses do not occur and that they are designed to meet adopted standards. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

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Figure 4-2 Hawthorne Transit Priority Area Map
Source: Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), High Quality Transit Areas (HQTA) 2016 – SCAG Region Online Mapping, High Quality Transit Areas (HQTA) 2016 – SCAG Region | High Quality Transit Areas (HQTA) 2016 – SCAG Region | Southern California Association of Governments (arcgis.com), accessed May 25, 2023.

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D. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN INADEQUATE EMERGENCY ACCESS? The City of Hawthorne has been fully urbanized for many years with established development, roads, and transportation systems.

Relevant City of Hawthorne departments would review the future development proposals in order to ensure that they are designed to meet adopted standards and provide adequate emergency access. In addition, roadways and driveways associated with future development proposals would be required to meet Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACoFD) emergency access standards, as well as comply with requirements from LACoFD and Hawthorne Police Department (HPD) on a project-by-project basis. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

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4.18 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects?

B. Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry, and multiple dry years?  C. Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider, which serves or may serve the project, that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? 
D. Generate solid waste in excess of state or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals?

E. Comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste? 

PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
The 1989 General Plan EIR and 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR analyzed utilities.

GP EIR Environmental Impacts
Hawthorne’s water systems is described in the General Plan Conservation Element. The Los Angeles County Sanitation District is responsible for operation and maintenance of the City’s sewer system. Hawthorne Public Works officials indicate that the City’s sewer system adequately services the City’s needs. Electricity is supplied by Southern California Edison (SCE). SCE has ongoing programs that project future need and plans to meet those needs. The Southern California Gas Company supplies Hawthorne with natural gas. Available gas can meet regional needs. Implementation of the increased General Plan development could result in increased demand for water, sewage capacity, natural gas, and electricity. These increases are not significant in the regional context and do not affect any agency’s ability to adequately serve Hawthorne. The Conservation Element goals and policies call for the City to aid in the protection of water and energy resources. Those Conservation Element goals and policies provide adequate mitigation for the General Plan impacts. Other than project-specific mitigation measures, which cannot be foreseen at this time, no additional mitigation measures are required.

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GP EIR Mitigation Measures
The 1989 General Plan EIR Table A, Environmental Impact Summary, includes the following mitigation measure:
 Energy conservation measures outlined in the General Plan Conservation Element.

Impacts to utilities were concluded to be mitigated to acceptable levels in the 1989 GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined maybe utilities impacts for the following:
 The proposal will result in a need for new systems, or substantial alterations to the following utilities:
o Power or natural gas
o Water
o Sewer or septic tanks
Impacts to the above utilities were concluded to be mitigated to acceptable levels in the 1990 Addendum to the GP EIR.

The 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR determined no utilities impacts for the following:
 The proposal will result in a need for new systems, or substantial alterations to the following utilities:
o Communications systems
o Storm water drainage
o Solid waste and disposal
Impacts to the above utilities were concluded to have no impacts in the 1990 Addendum to the GP EIR.

IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT REQUIRE OR RESULT IN THE RELOCATION OR CONSTRUCTION OF NEW

OR EXPANDED WATER, WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR STORM WATER DRAINAGE, ELECTRIC

POWER, NATURAL GAS, OR TELECOMMUNICATIONS FACILITIES, THE CONSTRUCTION OR RELOCATION OF WHICH COULD CAUSE SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS? The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development.

Existing water, sanitary sewer (wastewater, sewer), storm drain, electrical, natural gas, and telecommunications facilities exist in the City of Hawthorne. Future development proposals would be required to comply with the applicable water supplier’s rules and regulations regarding water connection, service, and conservation, as well as the Los Angeles County Fire Department’s requirements relative to the size of water lines and systems necessary to provide adequate fire flow service to development. In addition, future development proposals would be required to install or relocate, as applicable, on-site and off-site water, wastewater, storm drain, street, Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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electricity, natural gas, and telecommunications infrastructure to serve the development. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

B. WOULD THE PROJECT HAVE SUFFICIENT WATER SUPPLIES AVAILABLE TO SERVE THE PROJECT

AND REASONABLY FORESEEABLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT DURING NORMAL, DRY, AND MULTIPLE DRY YEARS?
Urban Water Management Plans
State law requires an urban water supplier (supplier), providing water for municipal purposes to more than 3,000 urban connections/customers or providing more than 3,000 acre-feet annually, to adopt an Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) every five years demonstrating water supply reliability in normal, single dry, and multiple dry water years.

These plans support the suppliers’ long-term resource planning to ensure that adequate water supplies are available to meet existing and future water needs. Within the UWMP, urban water suppliers must: 1) assess the reliability of water sources over a 20-year planning time frame; 2) describe demand management measures and water shortage contingency plans, 3) report progress toward meeting a targeted 20 percent reduction in percapita (per-person), 4) urban water consumption by a specified year (e.g., 2020, 2025, 2030, 2035, 2040), and 5) discuss the use and planned use of recycled water. The California Department of Water Resources (DWR) reviews the submitted plans to ensure they have addressed the requirements identified in the Water Code and submits a report to the Legislature summarizing the status of the plans for each five-year cycle.

California Water Service Company
California Water Service Company (Cal Water) submitted the Hawthorne District 2020 UWMP to the California Department of Water Resources (DWR), which was approved in 2021. Cal Water is an investor-owned public utility supplying water service to approximately 1.8 million Californians through over 481,000 connections. Its 25 districts serve 63 communities spanning from the Chico-Hamilton City District in the northern portion of the state to the Palos Verdes District in southern California. California Water Service Group, Cal Water’s parent company, also provides water service to communities in Washington, New Mexico, and Hawaii. While water rates are set separately for each of Cal Water’s 25 districts, oversight of the water rate setting process and district operations is provided by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC). However, because the Hawthorne system is operated under contract and is not owned by Cal Water, it is not regulated by the CPUC.

For the purposes of the Urban Water Management Plan, the City of Hawthorne Municipal Water System is referred to as the Hawthorne District, similar to other Cal Water service areas.

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Hawthorne Water Providers and Service Area
Cal Water incorporated in 1926 and has provided water service to communities served by the Hawthorne District (also referred to herein as “District”) since 1996, when the City of Hawthorne awarded a 15-year lease for the management of its municipal water system to Cal Water. A subsequent 15-year lease was awarded to Cal Water in 2012. The operation of the Hawthorne system has been integrated with Cal Water’s neighboring Rancho Dominguez District. Cal Water is responsible for providing all water supply services to Hawthorne customers and will make all needed capital improvements to the system.

The District’s water supply is a mix of local groundwater and imported surface water purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD). The District operates one groundwater well, two MWD connections, six storage reservoirs, four booster pump stations and 61 miles of pipeline which deliver three to four million gallons of water daily. The District delivers water to residential, commercial, industrial, and governmental customers.

District Service Area
The District is in the southwest corner of the Los Angeles coastal plain, approximately twenty miles from downtown Los Angeles. The service area covers approximately three-square miles, encompassing half of the area of the City of Hawthorne. The system is bounded on the north by the Cities of Lennox and Inglewood, on the east and the west by areas of Los Angeles County and the City of Gardena, and on the south by the City of Lawndale.

Water Use
Existing Water Use
As shown in Table 4-1, Demands for Potable and Non-Potable Water – Actual, water use in 2020 was 3,852 acrefeet (AF). Residential customers accounted for most of the District’s service connections and 78 percent of its water uses. Non-residential water uses accounted for 17 percent of total demand, while distribution system losses accounted for 5 percent.

Projected Water Use
Projected water use through 2045 is summarized in Table 4-2, Use for Potable and Non-Potable Water – Projected.

Projected water use is estimated as a function of expected service growth and a forecast of average water use per service for each of the use types shown in the table. As discussed in UWMP Chapter 3, population and service growth projections are tied to census tract level population, housing, and employment projections developed by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG).

Average water use per service is adjusted over the forecast period to account for anticipated reductions in water use due to the ongoing effects of appliance standards and plumbing codes, the District’s conservation and customer assistance programs, and growth in the inflation-adjusted cost of water service and household income.

These factors, in combination, are projected to offset the projected increase in water use from service and population growth.

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Table 4-1
Demands for Potable and Non-Potable Water – Actual
Use Type
Additional
Description
(as needed)
Level of
Treatment When
Delivered
Volume (a)
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Single Family Drinking Water 1,627 1,626 1,650 1,596 1,689 Multi-Family Drinking Water 1,345 1,354 1,352 1,285 1,302 Commercial Drinking Water 580 596 665 654 577
Institutional/Government Drinking Water 75 74 83 63 62
Industrial Drinking Water 15 17 18 23 26
Other Potable Drinking Water 11 13 111 61 1
Landscape (b) Drinking Water 0 0 0 0 0
Losses (c) Drinking Water 260 216 113 188 194
TOTAL 3,913 3,896 3,993 3,871 3,852
Notes:
(a) Volumes are in units of acre-feet (AF)
(b) District’s billing system does not track this use type separately from other use types.

Real and apparent losses.

Source: Table 4-1, California Water Service, Hawthorne District 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, June 2021.

Table 4-2
Use for Potable and Non-Potable Water – Projected
Use Type
Additional
Description
(as needed)
Level of
Treatment When
Delivered
Volume (a)
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Single Family Drinking Water 1,706 1,709 1,728 1,741 1,770 Multi-Family Drinking Water 1,286 1,278 1,282 1,289 1,302 Commercial Drinking Water 544 521 505 494 486
Institutional/Government Drinking Water 62 59 57 55 54
Industrial Drinking Water 26 26 26 26 26
Other Potable Drinking Water 3 3 3 3 3
Landscape (b) Drinking Water 0 0 0 0 0
Losses (c) Drinking Water 204 215 217 220 222
TOTAL 3,830 3,811 3,817 3,828 3,863
Notes:
(c) Volumes are in units of acre-feet (AF)
(d) District’s billing system does not track this use type separately from other use types.

Real and apparent losses.

Source: Table 4-2, California Water Service, Hawthorne District 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, June 2021.

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Future Water Demands
Future water demands are expected to be comprised of both potable and recycled water us, as shown in Table 4- 3, Total Gross Water Use – Potable and Non-Potable. Current and projected recycled water use is discussed in UWMP Chapter 6.

Table 4-3
Total Gross Water Use - Potable and Non-Potable
Use Type Volume (a)
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Potable Water, Raw, Other Non-Potable
From DWR Tables 4-1 and 4-2 3,852 3,830 3,811 3,817 3,828 3,863 Recycled Water Demand
From DWR Table 6-4 95 95 95 95 95 95
Optional Deduction of Recycled Water Put Into
Long-Term Storage
TOTAL WATER USE 3,947 3,925 3,906 3,912 3,923 3,958
Notes:

Volumes are in units of Acre-Feet (AF)
Source: Table 4-3, California Water Service, Hawthorne District 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, June 2021.

Water Supply Reliability
Constraints on Water Sources
The primary supply sources for the Hawthorne District are purchased water from the West Basin Municipal Utility District (WBMWD) and groundwater pumped from the underlying adjudicated basin (the West Coast Subbasin).

Limited use of recycled water is also planned.

The District’s groundwater supply is limited by the District’s Allowable Pumping Allocation (APA) from the West Coast Subbasin. In addition, Cal Water has identified other potential constraints on supply availability, including water quality and climate change.

Supply Availability
The WBMWD Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (WBMWD UWMP) states that it will be able to serve 100 percent of projected demands in normal, single-dry and multiple-dry years. Because of this, as discussed in UWMP Chapter 6, the projected purchases from WBMWD are assumed to make up the differences between demand and other projected (groundwater and recycled water) supplies. Projected groundwater and recycled water volumes are detailed in UWMP Chapter 6. Collectively supplies are projected to be sufficient to meet demands in all year types through the planning horizon.

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Impact Analysis
The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

Adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not adversely affect the ability of the primary domestic water provider (California Water Service, Hawthorne District) to have sufficient water supplies available during normal, dry, and multiple dry year conditions for future development proposals within the City. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

C. WOULD THE PROJECT RESULT IN A DETERMINATION BY THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT

PROVIDER, WHICH SERVES OR MAY SERVE THE PROJECT THAT HAS ADEQUATE CAPACITY TO SERVE THE PROJECT’S PROJECTED DEMAND IN ADDITION TO THE PROVIDER’S EXISTING COMMITMENTS?
The City of Hawthorne is located in County Sanitation District 5 of the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts (LACSD). Sewer waste generated in this District is sent to the LACSD Joint Water Pollution Control Plan (JWPCP) located at 24501 S. Figueroa Street in Carson. The JWPCP is the LACSD’s oldest and largest wastewater treatment plant, and currently provides primary and secondary treatment for a design capacity of 400 million gallons of wastewater per day, and serves over 4.8 million residents, businesses and industries. All solids from the Joint Outfall System are processed here and anaerobically digested to produce methane gas. The methane gas is then burned in the Total Energy Facility to produce enough electrical power to run the entire plant. After treatment, the effluent is chlorinated and discharged through two ocean outfalls a mile and a half offshore.

Future development proposals would be required to comply with applicable LACSD’s rules and regulations regarding wastewater connection and service, including the wastewater lines and systems necessary to provide adequate services to the development. In addition, a future development proposal’s wastewater (sewer) plans would be reviewed by the City Engineer and would be required to provide sufficient capacity and comply with City standards.

Future development proposals would result in the generation of raw sewage that would be collected in the existing or new sewer collection facilities to support the development, and then transported to the JWPCP where it would be treated and ultimately discharged. The wastewater treatment requirements issued by the Los Angeles RWQCB for the LACSD treatment plant that would receive wastewater from project development areas were developed to ensure that adequate levels of treatment would be provided for the wastewater flows emanating from all land uses in its service area. Therefore, implementation of the proposed project would not adversely affect the ability of the City or LACSD to provide adequate capacity and service to existing and future developments. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

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Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

D. WOULD THE PROJECT GENERATE SOLID WASTE IN EXCESS OF STATE OR LOCAL STANDARDS, OR

IN EXCESS OF THE CAPACITY OF LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE, OR OTHERWISE IMPAIR THE ATTAINMENT OF SOLID WASTE REDUCTION GOALS?
Solid waste disposal within the City is subject to the requirements established in Hawthorne Municipal Code Division 4, Chapter 3 – Solid Waste Management. Solid waste management facilities operated by the County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County (LACSD) include the Downey Area Recycling and Transfer Facility (DART), the South Gate Transfer Station, and the Puente Hills Materials Recovery Facility (PHMRF).

Future development proposals would be required to comply with the Hawthorne Municipal Code, which requires providing adequate areas for collecting and loading recyclable materials in concert with Countywide efforts and programs to reduce the volume of solid waste entering landfills. In addition, the location of recycling/separation areas is required to comply with all applicable Federal, State, public health, or local laws relating to fire, building, access, transportation, circulation, or safety. Compliance with all applicable State and Los Angeles County regulations for the use, collection, and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes is also mandated. It can be assumed that future development proposals would include adequate, accessible, and convenient areas for collecting recyclable materials. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

E. WOULD THE PROJECT COMPLY WITH FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL MANAGEMENT AND REDUCTION STATUTES AND REGULATIONS RELATED TO SOLID WASTE? State, County, and local agencies with regulatory authority related to solid waste include the California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery, County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County (LACSD), and the City of Hawthorne. Regulations specifically applicable to the development proposals include, but are not limited to, the California Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989 (AB 939), Mandatory Commercial Recycling (AB 341, 2011), Mandatory Commercial Organics Recycling (AB 1826, 2014), and Short Lived Climate Pollutants Organic Waste Reductions (SB 1383, 2015).

The Integrated Waste Management Act, which requires every City and County in the State to prepare a Source Reduction and Recycling Element (SRRE) to its Solid Waste Management Plan, identifies how each jurisdiction will meet the State’s mandatory waste diversion goal of 50 percent by and after the year 2000. The diversion goal has been increased to 75 percent by 2020 by SB 341.

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Hawthorne Municipal Code Title 8, Health and Safety, Chapter 8.16, Solid Waste and Recycling and 8.17, Mandatory Organic Waste Disposal Reduction provides standards and regulations for the collection and management of recyclable materials, organic materials, and solid waste solid waste and organic in the City, which are applicable to future development proposals.

CalGreen Code Section 4.408 requires preparation of a Construction Waste Management Plan that outlines ways in which the contractor would recycle and/or salvage for reuse a minimum of 50 percent of the nonhazardous construction and demolition debris. Future development proposals would comply with the CalGreen Code through the recycling and reuse of at least 50 percent of the non-hazardous construction and demolition debris from the development site during the construction phase.

Future development proposals are not anticipated to result in unusual waste production characteristics, and thus, would not include any componentsthat would conflict with State laws governing construction or operational solid waste production or diversion. Also, future development proposals would subject to all applicable Federal, State, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste, including the California Integrated Waste Management Act, Los Angeles County, and City of Hawthorne recycling programs, ensuring compliance with Federal, State, and local statutes and implementation requirements related to the management of solid waste. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

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4.19 WILDFIRE
Would the project:

New
Potentially
Significant
Impact
New Impact
Requiring
New
Mitigation
No New
Impact/
No Impact
Reduced
Impact
A. Expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires? 
If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as high fire hazard severity zones, would the project:

B. Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? 
C. Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire?

D. Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines, or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment?

E. Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes?


PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS
General Plan EIR
The 1989 General Plan EIR and 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR did not analyze wildfire. The wildfire analysis was not required at the time the 1989 General Plan EIR and 1990 Addendum to the General Plan EIR were prepared.

GP EIR Mitigation Measures
None.

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IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. WOULD THE PROJECT EXPOSE PEOPLE OR STRUCTURES, EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, TO A SIGNIFICANT RISK OF LOSS, INJURY, OR DEATH INVOLVING WILDLAND FIRES? The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. According to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire) Hazard Severity Zone Map, the City of Hawthorne is not located within a State Responsibility Area (SRA), nor is the City located within a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) within a Local Responsibility Area (LRA).

The proposed Municipal Code Amendments are intended to implement applicable housing goals, policies, and programs referenced on pages 3 to 9 in the 2021-2029 Housing Element and to further the production of future housing development, but do not include any site-specific developments, designs, or proposals.

Any future development would be required to comply with all City and LACoFD requirements for fire prevention and safety measures, including site access. In addition, future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

As such, future development proposals would not expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

B. IF LOCATED IN OR NEAR STATE RESPONSIBILITY AREAS OR LANDS CLASSIFIED AS HIGH FIRE

HAZARD SEVERITY ZONES, SUBSTANTIALLY IMPAIR AN ADOPTED EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN OR EMERGENCY EVACUATION PLAN?
The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development. As noted in 4.19.A above, the City of Hawthorne is not located within a State Responsibility Area (SRA), nor is the City located within a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) within a Local Responsibility Area (LRA) [CAL FIRE, November 2007; CAL FIRE, September 2011).

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-81
In addition, adoption and implementation of the proposed project would not impair implementation of emergency response plans or emergency evacuation plans. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

C. IF LOCATED IN OR NEAR STATE RESPONSIBILITY AREAS OR LANDS CLASSIFIED AS HIGH FIRE

HAZARD SEVERITY ZONES,WOULD THE PROJECT, DUE TO SLOPE, PREVAILING WINDS, AND

OTHER FACTORS, EXACERBATE WILDFIRE RISKS, AND THEREBY EXPOSE PROJECT OCCUPANTS

TO POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS FROM A WILDFIRE OR THE UNCONTROLLED SPREAD OF A WILDFIRE?
D. IF LOCATED IN OR NEAR STATE RESPONSIBILITY AREAS OR LANDS CLASSIFIED AS HIGH FIRE

HAZARD SEVERITY ZONES, WOULD THE PROJECT REQUIRE THE INSTALLATION OR

MAINTENANCE OF ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE (SUCH AS ROADS, FUEL BREAKS,

EMERGENCY WATER SOURCES, POWER LINES, OR OTHER UTILITIES) THAT MAY EXACERBATE

FIRE RISK OR THAT MAY RESULT IN TEMPORARY OR ONGOING IMPACTS TO THE ENVIRONMENT?
E. IF LOCATED IN OR NEAR STATE RESPONSIBILITY AREAS OR LANDS CLASSIFIED AS HIGH FIRE

HAZARD SEVERITY ZONES, WOULD THE PROJECT EXPOSE PEOPLE OR STRUCTURES TO

SIGNIFICANT RISKS, INCLUDING DOWNSLOPE OR DOWNSTREAM FLOODING OR LANDSLIDES, AS A RESULT OF RUNOFF, POST-FIRE SLOPE INSTABILITY, OR DRAINAGE CHANGES? The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) is focused on fire protection and stewardship of over 31 million acres of California's privately-owned wildlands. Preventing wildfires in the State Responsibility Area (SRA) is a key component of CAL FIRE's mission, and in more recent decades, CAL FIRE has adapted to the evolving destructive wildfires and succeeded in significantly increasing its efforts in fire prevention. CAL FIRE's Fire Prevention Program consists of multiple activities including wildland pre-fire engineering, vegetation management, fire planning, education and law enforcement. Typical fire prevention projects include brush clearance, prescribed fire, defensible space inspections, emergency evacuation planning, fire prevention education, fire hazard severity mapping, and fire-related law enforcement activities. The Office of the State Fire Marshall has the responsibility for Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP), inclusive of the fand preparing the Fire Hazard Severity Zone (FHSZ) mapping.

The majority of the City is built out with urban land uses and established development and infrastructure. The City is not located within a SRA nor a Very High Fire Hazard Zone (VHFHSZ).

Any future development would be required to comply with all City and LACoFD requirements for fire prevention and safety measures, including site access. In addition, future development proposals would be required to comply with all plan check requirements and project-specific conditions, including required technical studies; Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 4-82
applicable Federal and State laws and regulations; Hawthorne General Plan goals, policies, and implementation programs; Hawthorne Municipal Code requirements.

Due to the urbanized nature of the City, the proposed project would not expose people or structures to significant risk associated with wildfires, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes. Thus, adoption and implementation of the proposed project ensures impacts remain as less than significant impacts.

Conclusion: No New Impact. The changes associated with the proposed project would not result in any new impacts or increase the severity of impacts in this regard.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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4.20 REFERENCES
Following is a list of reference documents and maps utilized in the preparation of this Addendum.

California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE), Los Angeles County Very High Severity Zones in LRA (Los Responsibility Area) Map, September 2011 California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE), Los Angeles County Fire Hazard Severity in SRA (State Responsibility Area) Map, November 7, 2007
California Water Service, Hawthorne District 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, June 2021 City of Hawthorne, Climate Action Plan, November 2017
City of Hawthorne, Hawthorne General Plan, March 1989, as amended City of Hawthorne, Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report, May 8, 1989 City of Hawthorne, General Plan Amendment, Addendum to the General Plan Environmental Impact Report, April 1990
City of Hawthorne, 2021-2029 Housing Element, Public Review Draft, October 2021 City of Hawthorne, City of Hawthorne 2021-2029 Housing Element Update, Safety Element Update, and Environmental Justice Element Project Initial Study/Negative Declaration, Public Review Draft, December 2021
City of Hawthorne, Hawthorne Municipal Code, codified through Ordinance No. 39016, May 24, 2022 Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Flood Hazard Layer FIRMette for City of Hawthorne, accessed May 26, 2023
Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), High Quality Transit Areas (HQTA) 2016 – SCAG Region Online Mapping, High Quality Transit Areas (HQTA) 2016 – SCAG Region | High Quality Transit Areas (HQTA) 2016 – SCAG Region | Southern California Association of Governments (arcgis.com), accessed May 25, 2023
Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
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4.21 REPORT PREPARATION PERSONNEL

CITY OF HAWTHORNE (LEAD AGENCY)
4455 W. 126th Street
Hawthorne, CA 90250
Gregg McClain Interim Director of Planning and Community Development Department Jack Wong, JWA Urban Consultants

MORSE PLANNING GROUP (CEQA CONSULTANT)
145 N C Street
Tustin, California 92780
Collette L. Morse, AICP, Principal, Project Manager
Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 5-1

5.0 CONSULTANT RECOMMENDATION
Based on the information and environmental analysis contained in the Initial Study/Environmental Checklist, I recommend that the City of Hawthorne prepare an Addendum to the General Plan Environmental Impact Report for the proposed project. I find that the proposed project would not have a significant effect on any environmental issues, and no new mitigation measures are required. I recommend that the second category be selected for the City of Hawthorne’s determination (see Section 6.0, Lead Agency Determination).

June 14, 2023
Date Collette L. Morse, AICP
Project Manager
Morse Planning Group
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6.0 LEAD AGENCY DETERMINATION
On the basis of this evaluation:

No substantial changes are proposed in the project and there are no substantial changes in the circumstances under which the project will be undertaken that will require major revisions to the previous approved ND or MND or certified EIR due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects. Also, there is no "new information of substantial importance" as that term is used in CEQA Guidelines Section 15162(a)(3). Therefore, the previously adopted ND or MND or previously certified EIR is adequately discusses the potential impacts of the project without modification.

No substantial changes are proposed in the project and there are no substantial changes in the circumstances under which the project will be undertaken that will require major revisions to the previous approved ND or MND or certified EIR due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects. Also, there is no "new information of substantial importance" as that term is used in CEQA Guidelines Section 15162(a)(3). Therefore, the previously adopted ND, MND or previously certified EIR adequately discusses the potential impacts of the project; however, minor changes require the preparation of an ADDENDUM.

Substantial changes are proposed in the project or there are substantial changes in the circumstances under which the project will be undertaken that will require major revisions to the previous ND, MND or EIR due to the involvement of significant new environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects. Or, there is "new information of substantial importance," as that term is used in CEQA Guidelines Section 15162(a)(3). However, all new potentially significant environmental effects or substantial increases in the severity of previously identified significant effects are clearly reduced to below a level of significance through the incorporation of mitigation measures agreed to by the project applicant.

Therefore, a SUBSEQUENT MND is required.

Substantial changes are proposed in the project or there are substantial changes in the circumstances under which the project will be undertaken that will require major revisions to the previous environmental document due to the involvement of significant new environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects. Or, there is "new information of substantial importance," as that term is used in CEQA Guidelines Section 15162(a)(3). However, only minor changes or additions or changes would be necessary to make the previous EIR adequate for the project in the changed situation. Therefore, a SUPPLEMENTAL EIR is required.

Addendum to the Hawthorne General Plan Environmental Impact Report for Amendments to Municipal Code Chapter 17, Zoning
Draft | June 2023 6-2
Signature:

Title: Interim Director of Planning and Community Development Department
Printed Name: Gregg McClain
Agency: City of Hawthorne
Date:

ORDINANCE NO. 2247

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF

HAWTHORNE, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING SECTION

17.29.040 (DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS) OF CHAPTERS

17.29 (CM – MIXED COMMERCIAL CLASSIFICATION) TO

BE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE HOUSING ELEMENT BY

REMOVING CONSTRAINTS TO RESIDENTIAL AND

MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENTS, AND APPROVING AN

ADDENDUM TO THE HAWTHORNE GENERAL PLAN

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
WHEREAS, on March 8, 2022, the City Council adopted the 2021-2029 Housing Element.

The ordinance and staff report did not explain why the remaining mixed-use properties were not rezoned at that time.

WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 2241 was adopted by the City Council on November 14, 2023, that applied the CM zone to all properties designated to have that zone in the DHSP.

WHEREAS, on November 15, 2023, the Planning Commission of the City of Hawthorne considered the zone text amendment and, after a duly noticed public hearing where all persons in support and in opposition were heard, adopted Resolution No.

PC2023-23 recommending approval of the ordinance to the City Council. 2 WHEREAS, on December 12, 2023, the City Council considered the Planning Commission’s recommendation and, after a duly noticed public hearing where all persons in support and in opposition were heard, introduced this ordinance; and WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Hawthorne wishes now to adopt thi ordinance in furtherance of the City’s Housing Element goals and objectives and Government Code 65583(c)(3).

NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF HAWTHORNE DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:

SECTION 1. The foregoing recitals are true and correct.

17.29.040 Development standards.

The information that follows summarizes the development standards for the CM classification relating to site planning and schematic design.

A. Project Area.

B. Density and Intensity.

1. The minimum residential density shall be 20 dwelling units per acre based on gross project area.

12. Maximum residential density shall be twenty-four 30 dwelling units per acre based on gross project area.

3. Commercial area of a mixed use development shall not be less than 5% forty percent of the ground floor area.

4. Building footprint shall not exceed ninety percent of lot area.

C Setbacks.
3 1. Buildings
a. Front: zero feet up to third story of structure, 10 ten feet above that. b. Interior side: 10 ten feet for all stories.
c. Street side of corner lot: zero feet up to third story of structure, 10 ten feet above that.
d. Rear: 10 ten feet up to third story of structure, 20 twenty feet above that.

2. Setbacks shall be measured from the building face to the closer of the property line or the future property line after a dedication for public improvements.

4. Front setbacks shall be measured from the property line along a street to the nearest perpendicular building face, excluding cornices, bay windows, or trim.

D. Height.

1. Building height shall not exceed five stories and sixty feet except as provided in this chapter.

E. Dwelling Unit Area. Developers are encouraged to provide a range of housing options within mixed use developments.

2. Not more than twenty-five percent of the units in a development may exceed the following unit sizes:

SECTION 5. AUTHORIZATION TO PUBLISH SUMMARY OF ORDINANCE.

SECTION 6. EFFECTIVE DATE. This ordinance shall take effect 30 days after passage thereof.
6 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 12th day of December 2023.

ALEX VARGAS, Mayor
City of Hawthorne, California
ATTEST:

DAYNA WILLIAMS-HUNTER, City Clerk
City of Hawthorne, California

APPROVED AS TO FORM

ROBERT KIM,
City Attorney
City of Hawthorne, California

Page 1 of 3 ends

AGENDA ITEM NO. 12

CITY OF HAWTHORNE
City Council

AGENDA BILL
For the meeting of December 12, 2023
Originating Department: City Attorney
City Manager: __________
Vontray Norris
City Attorney: ___________
Robert Kim
SUBJECT:

Ordinance No. 2246 (2nd Reading) AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF HAWTHORNE, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING SECTION 2.17.040 (TERMS OF OFFICE) OF CHAPTER

2.17 (YOUTH COMMISSION); AMENDING SECTION 2.18.040 (TERMS OF OFFICE) OF CHAPTER

2.18 (CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION); AMENDING SECTION 2.19.020 (MEMBERS) OF CHAPTER

2.19 (VETERANS’ AFFAIRS COMMISSION); AMENDING SECTION 2.20.040 (TERMS OF OFFICE) OF CHAPTER 2.20 (SENIOR CITIZENS’ COMMISSION); AMENDING SECTION 2.22.040 (TERMS OF OFFICE) OF CHAPTER 2.22 (PARK, RECREATION AND FINE ARTS COMMISSION); AMENDING SECTION 2.28.090 OF CHAPTER 2.28 (PLANNING COMMISSION) OF THE HAWTHORNE MUNICIPAL CODE; AND MAKING A FINDING OF EXEMPTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH CEQA IN CONNECTION THEREWITH. Motion to Adopt
RECOMMENDED MOTION:

Introduce Ordinance No. 2246 on November 14, 2023 and Adopt Ordinance No. 2246 on December 12, 2023.

DISCUSSION:

Under Title 2 of the Municipal Code, the following commissions were established:
 Youth Commission (Chapter 2.17)
 Civil Service Commission (Chapter 2.18)
 Veterans’ Affairs Commission (Chapter 2.19)
 Senior Citizens’ Commission (Chapter 2.20)
 Parks, Recreation and Fine Arts Commission (Chapter 2.22)  Planning Commission (Chapter 2.28)
Each of the listed commission serves as an advisory role to the city council and pursuant to the

Page 2 of 3 ends

Hawthorne Municipal Code, the commissioners serving on those commissions are appointed by the Mayor then approved by the majority of the City Council. Although the State law (Government Code § 54970) encourages cities to have diverse resident’s participation in serving as commissioners, the City of Hawthorne had commissioners serving on certain commissions for over a decade. One of the causes for the lack of diverse participation was the inconsistencies in the term limits of the commissioners in the ordinance and resolutions.

In order to remedy the confusion and allow the community to have a greater opportunity to participate as a commissioner, In March 2023, the City Council adopted Ordinance No. 2238, which set a term limit of one term of four consecutive years for all commissioners. The ordinance had a provision that required the removal of all of the termed out commissioners when applications were received by the City Clerk, except to preserve a quorum. The effect of the ordinance was that a few commissions had only the minimal number of commissioners necessary for a quorum, typically, three out of five commissioners. The impact was the cancellation of many commission meetings due to lack of quorum from one commissioner’s inability to attend a particular meeting.

This amendment to the commissioner term limits ordinance deletes the provision that requires the removal of all termed out commissioners upon the receipt of applications from candidates but keeping the necessary number for a quorum. The amendment keeps the term limit for commissioners to a one term of four consecutive years but would allow all commissioners to remain until a new candidate is qualified by a majority of the council members, with the replacement of the longest serving commissioner. The effect of the amendment will be that an eventual five member commission would remain that way as the termed out commissioners would be replaced only when a new appointee is qualified by a majority vote of the council.

FISCAL IMPACT:

None
CEQA:

City Staff has determined that the adoption of this Ordinance is a type of organizational activity involving the administration of the City that does not have the possibility to have a direct or indirect effect on the environment and is therefore exempt from review under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Section 15378(b)(5). In addition, the actions taken by this Ordinance are not a “project” under CEQA because the Ordinance does not involve any commitment to a specific project which may result in a potentially significant physical impact on the environment and is also exempt from CEQA pursuant to the “common sense” exemption because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment. (Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Section 15061(b)(3).

NOTICING PROCEDURES:
72 hours posted notice pursuant to the Ralph M. Brown Act

Page 3 of 3 ends

ATTACHMENT(S):

1. Ordinance No. 2246
1 ORDINANCE NO. 2246

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE

CITY OF HAWTHORNE, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING
SECTION 2.17.040 (TERMS OF OFFICE) OF CHAPTER

2.17 (YOUTH COMMISSION); AMENDING SECTION

2.18.040 (TERMS OF OFFICE) OF CHAPTER 2.18
(CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION); AMENDING
SECTION 2.19.020 (MEMBERS) OF CHAPTER 2.19
(VETERANS’ AFFAIRS COMMISSION); AMENDING
SECTION 2.20.040 (TERMS OF OFFICE) OF CHAPTER

2.20 (SENIOR CITIZENS’ COMMISSION); AMENDING
SECTION 2.22.040 (TERMS OF OFFICE) OF CHAPTER

2.22 (PARK, RECREATION AND FINE ARTS
COMMISSION); AMENDING SECTION 2.28.090
(TERMS OF OFFICE) TO CHAPTER 2.28 (PLANNING

COMMISSION) OF THE HAWTHORNE MUNICIPAL
CODE; AND MAKING A FINDING OF EXEMPTION IN

COMPLIANCE WITH CEQA IN CONNECTION

THEREWITH
WHEREAS, Title 2 (Administration, Civil Service and Personnel) of the Hawthorne Municipal Code establishes various city commissions in Chapters 2.17 (Youth Commission),

2.18 (Civil Service Commission), 2.19 (Veterans’ Affairs Commission), 2.20 (Senior Citizens’ Commission), 2.22 (Park, Recreation and Fine Arts Commission), 2.28 (Planning Commission); and
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Hawthorne adopted Ordinance No. 2238, setting the term limits for all commissioners of the aforesaid commissions; and WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 2238 contained a provision common to all of the commissions which provided for the removal of the commissioners that had served more than one term of four consecutive years when the City Clerk received applications to replace those commissioners unless the removal would result in the commission lacking sufficient number of members for a Quorum; and
WHEREAS, all of the said commission consist of five commissioners except the Park, Recreation and Fine Arts Commission, which has seven commissioners; and 2 WHEREAS, the aforementioned Ordinance No. 2238’s provision providing for the removal of the commissioners who served four consecutive years except for preserving a quorum, resulted in the cancellation of meetings due to a lack of quorum when only one commissioner was absent for a meeting; and
WHEREAS, the City of Hawthorne seeks to minimize the number of cancellation of commission meetings due to lack of quorum; and
WHEREAS, City Staff has determined that the adoption of this Ordinance is a type of organizational activity involving the administration of the City that does not have the possibility to have a direct or indirect effect on the environment and is therefore exempt from review under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Section 15378(b)(5). In addition, the actions taken by this Ordinance are not a “project” under CEQA because the Ordinance does not involve any commitment to a specific project which may result in a potentially significant physical impact on the environment and is also exempt from CEQA pursuant to the “common sense” exemption because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment. (Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Section 15061(b)(3).

NOW, THEREFORE THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF HAWTHORNE DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:

SECTION 1. The City Council of the City of Hawthorne hereby incorporates by reference all the recitals herein.

SECTION 2. Section 2.17.040 (Terms of Office) of Chapter 2.17 (Youth Commission) of Title 2 (Administration, Civil Service and Personnel) of the Hawthorne Municipal Code is hereby amended to read as follows:

2.17.040 Terms of Office
A. The teen members of the commission shall be appointed to a term of one year.

B. The members of the commission that are qualified electors of the city shall not serve more than one term of four consecutive years or until their successors are appointed and qualified. This section shall apply regardless of whether the member’s term has commenced or 3 occurred prior to the effective date of the ordinance imposing this one term of four consecutive years. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

C. The members of the commission that are qualified electors of the city who have served one term of four consecutive years may be reappointed pursuant to section 2.17.030 of this Chapter after ceasing to be a member of the commission for more than ninety consecutive days.

If such member of the commission is thereafter reappointed pursuant to section 2.17.030, the one term of four consecutive years begins anew.

D. The members of the commission that are qualified electors of the city who have served one term of four consecutive years can continue to serve on the commission until the applications to replace the said commission members are submitted to the city clerk. For the aforesaid members whose term has expired and the replacement application has been submitted, the members may continue to serve on the commission if the removal would result in the commission lacking a sufficient number of members for a quorum as defined in Section 2.17.070. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

SECTION 3. Section 2.18.040 (Terms of Office) of Chapter 2.18 (Civil Service Commission) of Title 2 (Administration, Civil Service and Personnel) of the Hawthorne Municipal Code is hereby amended to read as follows:

2.18.040 Terms of Office
A. The members of the commission shall not serve more than one term of four consecutive years or until their successors are appointed and qualified. This section shall apply regardless of whether the member’s term has commenced or occurred prior to the effective date of the ordinance imposing this one term of four consecutive years. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.
4 B. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years may be reappointed pursuant to section 2.18.030 of this Chapter after ceasing to be a member of the commission for more than ninety consecutive days. If such member of the commission is reappointed pursuant to section 2.18.030, the one term of four consecutive years begins anew.

C. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years can continue to serve on the commission until the applications to replace the said commission members are submitted to the city clerk. For the aforesaid members whose term has expired and the replacement application has been submitted, the members may continue to serve on the commission if the removal would result in the commission lacking a sufficient number of members for a quorum as defined in Section 2.18.090. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

SECTION 4. Section 2.19.020 (Members) of Chapter 2.19 (Veterans’ Affairs Commission) of Title 2 (Administration, Civil Service and Personnel) of the Hawthorne Municipal Code shall be amended to read as follows:

2.19.020 Members.

A. The veterans’ affairs commission shall be composed of five members who are residents of the city. All members shall be appointed by the mayor with the approval of a majority of the city council. Members of the commission shall serve at the pleasure of the city council and may be removed from office without cause, notice or hearing, by a majority vote of the city council.

B. The members of the commission shall not serve more than one term of four consecutive years or until their successors are appointed and qualified. This section shall apply regardless of whether the member’s term has commenced or occurred prior to the effective date of the ordinance imposing this one term of four consecutive years. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.
5 C. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years may be reappointed pursuant to subsection A of this section after ceasing to be members of the commission for more than ninety consecutive days. If such member of the commission is reappointed pursuant to subsection A of this section, the one term of four consecutive years begins anew.

D. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years can continue to serve on the commission until the applications to replace the said commission members are submitted to the city clerk. For the aforesaid members whose term has expired and the replacement application has been submitted, the members may continue to serve on the commission if the removal would result in the commission lacking a sufficient number of members for a quorum as defined in Section 2.19.040. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

SECTION 5. Section 2.20.040 (Terms of Office) of Chapter 2.20 (Senior Citizens’ Commission) of Title 2 (Administration, Civil Service and Personnel) of the Hawthorne Municipal Code shall be amended to read as follows:

2.20.040 Terms of Office
A. The members of the commission shall not serve more than one term of four consecutive years or until their successors are appointed and qualified. This section shall apply regardless of whether the member’s term has commenced or occurred prior to the effective date of the ordinance imposing this one term of four consecutive years. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

B. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years may be reappointed pursuant to section 2.20.030 of this Chapter after ceasing to be a member of the commission for more than ninety consecutive days. If such member of the commission is 6 thereafter reappointed pursuant to section 2.20.030, the one term of four consecutive years begins anew.

C. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years can continue to serve on the commission until the applications to replace the said commission members are submitted to the city clerk. For the aforesaid members whose term has expired and the replacement application has been submitted, the members may continue to serve on the commission if the removal would result in the commission lacking a sufficient number of members for a quorum as defined in Section 2.20.070. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

SECTION 6. Section 2.22.040 (Terms of Office) of Chapter 2.22 (Park, Recreation and Fine Arts Commission) of Title 2 (Administration, Civil Service and Personnel) of the Hawthorne Municipal Code shall be amended to read as follows:

2.22.040 Terms of Office.

A. The members of the commission shall not serve more than one term of four consecutive years or until their successors are appointed and qualified. This section shall apply regardless of whether the member’s term has commenced or occurred prior to the effective date of the ordinance imposing this one term of four consecutive years. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

B. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years may be reappointed pursuant to section 2.20.030 2.22.030 of this Chapter after ceasing to be a member for more than ninety consecutive days. If such member of the commission is thereafter reappointed pursuant to section 2.20.030 2.22.030, the one term of four consecutive years begins anew.
7 C. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years can continue to serve on the commission until the applications to replace the said commission members are submitted to the city clerk. For the aforesaid members whose term has expired and the replacement application has been submitted, the members may continue to serve on the commission if the removal would result in the commission lacking a sufficient number of members for a quorum as defined in Section 2.22.070. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

SECTION 7. Section 2.28.090 (Terms of Office) of Chapter 2.28 (Planning Commission) of Title 2 (Administration, Civil Service and Personnel) of the Hawthorne Municipal Code shall be amended to read as follows:

2.28.090 Terms of Office
A. The members of the commission shall not serve more than one term of four consecutive years or until their successors are appointed and qualified. This section shall apply regardless of whether the member’s term has commenced or occurred prior to the effective date of the ordinance imposing this one term of four consecutive years. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

B. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years may be reappointed pursuant to section 2.28.020 of this Chapter after ceasing to be a member of the commission for more than ninety consecutive days. If such member of the commission is thereafter reappointed pursuant to section 2.28.020, the one term of four consecutive years begins anew.

C. The members of the commission who have served one term of four consecutive years can continue to serve on the commission until the applications to replace the said commission members are submitted to the city clerk. For the aforesaid members whose term has expired and the replacement application has been submitted, the members may continue to serve on the 8 commission if the removal would result in the commission lacking a sufficient number of members for a quorum as defined in Section 2.28.060. The removal of the members whose term has expired shall be in the order of the longest serving member’s removal before other members whose term has expired.

SECTION 8. Maddy Local Appointive List Act. The City Clerk shall follow Government Code sections 54970 through 54974 regarding the noticing of vacancies of the commissioner positions within 20 days of the occurrence of the vacancy and prepare a Local Appointment List by December 31st of each year which contains the list of all appointed position due to expire in the following year, names of the incumbents, dates of appointments, date the term expires and the necessary qualifications for the position.

SECTION 9. Any provision of the City of Hawthorne Municipal Code or appendices thereto inconsistent with the provisions of this Ordinance, to the extent of such inconsistencies and no further, are hereby repealed or modified to the extent necessary to effect the provisions of this Ordinance.

SECTION 10. CEQA. The City Council hereby concurs with staff’s determination and hereby finds that the adoption of this Ordinance is a type of organizational activity involving the administration of the City that does not have the possibility to have a direct or indirect effect on the environment and is therefore exempt from review under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Section 15378(b)(5). In addition, the actions taken by this Ordinance are not a “project” under CEQA because the Ordinance does not involve any commitment to a specific project which may result in a potentially significant physical impact on the environment and is also exempt from CEQA pursuant to the “common sense” exemption because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment. (Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Section 15061(b)(3).

SECTION 11. Severability. If any section, subsection, phrase or clause of this Ordinance is for any reason held to be unconstitutional or otherwise invalid, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Ordinance.

SECTION 12. City Clerk. The City Clerk shall attest to the adoption of this Ordinance and shall cause this Ordinance to be posted in the manner required by law. 9 SECTION 13. Effective Date. This Ordinance shall take effect thirty (30) days after passage thereof.

SECTION 14. Summary Publication. Pursuant to Government Code section 36933(c)(1), the City Attorney is authorized to prepare a “fair and adequate” summary of this Ordinance. The City Clerk is also authorized to publish a summary of this Ordinance and post a certified copy of the Ordinance at least five days prior to its adoption. Within 15 days after adoption of the Ordinance, the City Clerk is directed to publish a summary. The City Clerk is also directed to forward a copy of Ordinance No. 2234 to Quality Code Publishing, 2100 Westlake Ave., Suite No. 106, Seattle, WA 98109.

PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this __th day of ________, 2023. ______________________________
ALEX VARGAS, Mayor
ATTEST: City of Hawthorne, California
DAYNA WILLIAMS-HUNTER, City Clerk
City of Hawthorne, California
APPROVED AS TO FORM:

ROBERT M. KIM,
City Attorney
City of Hawthorne, California

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AGENDA ITEM NO. 13

CITY OF HAWTHORNE
City Council

AGENDA BILL
For the meeting of December 12, 2023
Originating Department: City Attorney
City Manager: __________
Vontray Norris
City Attorney: ___________
Robert Kim
SUBJECT:
2023 California Legislative Update
RECOMMENDED MOTION:

Staff Recommends that the City Council Receive and File.

DISCUSSION:
2023 saw 3,028 bills introduced, the most in over a decade, with more than 700 of those bills introduced in the last few weeks of session. Every year, the League of California Cities prepares a lengthy Legislative Report with information about every bill signed into law. This year’s legislative report will be available next month at https://www.calcities.org/advocacy. The following are a small portion of the Assembly and Senate bills identified by the League as significant.

COMMUNITY SERVICES
AB 781 Accessibility to Emergency Information and Services: Emergency Shelters: Persons with Pets. Chapter 344, Statutes of 2023 This measure requires all counties and cities with previously adopted emergency plans to update their plans to designate at least one emergency shelter and cooling or warming center to accommodate household pets.

AB 531 The Behavioral Health Infrastructure Bond Act of 2023. Chapter 789, Statutes of 2023 This measure authorizes $6.38 billion in general obligation bonds to construct, acquire, and rehabilitate community-based residential care settings. This includes:
• $4.4 billion for community-based clinical care, building on the existing Behavioral Health Continuum Infrastructure Program.
• $2 billion for permanent supportive housing units in the form of affordable housing with supports, building on the existing Homekey program.

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• Housing or facilities funded by the bond are "use by right" if located in a zone where multifamily residential use, office, retail, or parking are a principally permitted use.

SB 43 Behavioral Health. Chapter 637, Statutes of 2023 This measure modernizes the definition of gravely disabled within the Lanterman Petris-Short Act to include conditions in which individuals experience — as a result of a severe substance use disorder or a co-occurring disorder — an inability to provide for their personal safety or necessary medical care. This measure also provides that opinions offered by expert witnesses about an individual's symptoms or behavior stemming from a mental health or severe substance use disorder are not made inadmissible by the hearsay rule.

SB 326 The Behavioral Health Services Act. Chapter 790, Statutes of 2023 (Urgency) This measure modernizes the MHSA to include treatment for people with substance use disorder and care for the most seriously mentally ill. It also prioritizes investments in housing interventions for individuals experiencing homelessness or at risk of homelessness, by establishing an ongoing funding source for behavioral health beds. Specifically, this measure:
• Expands eligible services to include treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) alone and allows counties to use funds in combination with other state and federal funds to expand SUD services.
• Updates the name of the MHSA to the Behavioral Health Services Act (BHSA). • Modernizes county allocations of BHSA funds.
• Allows counties to move up to 7% from one category into another, for a maximum of 14% more added into any one category. This will allow counties to address their different local needs and priorities — based on data and community input;
• Creates new state-led investments of BHSA funds.
• Invests $20 million for a new Innovation Partnership Fund. • Replaces the existing MHSA funding-specific plan with a new County Integrated Plan for Behavioral Health Services and Outcomes, which includes all local behavioral health funding and services, including Medi-Cal.
• Establishes a new annual County Behavioral Health Outcomes, Accountability, and Transparency Report to provide public visibility into county results, disparities, spending, and longitudinal impact on homelessness.

AB 1467 Nevaeh Youth Sports Safety Act. Chapter 24, Statutes of 2023 This measure requires a youth sports organization that elects to offer an athletic program to ensure that its athletes have access to an automated external defibrillator (AED) during any official practice or match starting January 1, 2027. This measure requires the AED to be administered by a medical professional, coach, or other person designated by the youth sports organization who holds AED certification and complies with any other qualifications required by federal and state law to use an AED.

SB 321 Literacy: Libraries: Local Public Library Partnership Program. Chapter 598, Statutes of 2023 This measure establishes the Local Public Library Partnership Program, requiring the State Librarian to coordinate with local public libraries to determine the most effective means to provide all students with access to a student success card by third grade.

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AB 271 Homeless Death Review Committees. Chapter 135, Statutes of 2023 This measure authorizes counties to establish a homeless death review committee to gather information to identify the root causes of death of homeless individuals and determine strategies to improve the coordination of services for the homeless population.

AB 1377 Homeless Housing, Assistance, and Prevention Program. Chapter 728, Statutes of 2023 This measure requires applications or planning materials for state funding through the Homeless Housing, Assistance, and Prevention program after July 1, 2024, to include data and a narrative summary of quantifiable steps that the applicant has taken to improve the delivery of housing and services to people experiencing homelessness or at risk of homelessness on transit facilities owned and operated by a transit agency.

AB 33 Fentanyl Misuse and Overdose Prevention Task Force. Chapter 887, Statutes of 2023 (Urgency) This measure establishes a Fentanyl Misuse and Overdose Prevention Task Force to bring together critical stakeholders to coordinate an effective response to the fentanyl crisis in our state.

SB 19 Fentanyl Misuse and Overdose Prevention Task Force. Chapter 857, Statutes of 2023 This measure establishes a Fentanyl Misuse and Overdose Prevention Task Force to bring together critical stakeholders to coordinate an effective response to the Fentanyl crisis in our state.

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
AB 356 California Environmental Quality Act: Aesthetic Impacts. Chapter 116, Statutes of 2023 This measure extends the provision that a lead agency under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) is not required to evaluate the aesthetic effects of a project that involves the refurbishment, conversion, repurposing, or replacement of an existing building from January 1, 2024 to January 1, 2029. This measure requires the lead agency to file a notice with the Office of Planning and Research and the county clerk of the county in which the project is located if the lead agency determines that it is not required to evaluate the aesthetic effects of a project and determines to approve or carry out that project.

AB 1548 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund: Grant Program: Recycling Infrastructure Projects.

Chapter 693, Statutes of 2023 This measure expands the scope of the Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) Waste Diversion and Greenhouse Gas Reduction Financial Assistance Grant Program to include providing financial assistance to promote in-state development of projects to sort and aggregate organic and other recyclable materials or to divert items from disposal through enhanced reuse opportunities. This measure requires the grant program to provide eligible financial assistance for increasing opportunities for reuse of materials diverted from landfill disposal and for recyclable material recovery, sorting, or bailing equipment for use at publicly owned facilities. This measure authorizes eligible infrastructure projects for the grant program to include projects undertaken by a local government at publicly owned facilities to improve the recovery, sorting, or baling of recyclable materials to get those materials into the marketplace, the purchase of equipment and construction of facilities to help develop,

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implement, or expand edible food waste recovery operations, and the establishment of reuse programs to divert items from landfill disposal for reuse by members of the public.

AB 50 Public Utilities: Timely Service: Customer Energization. Chapter 317, Statutes of 2023 This measure makes several interrelated changes to expedite the timely delivery of service by electrical utilities regulated by the Public Utilities Commission (PUC). This measure seeks to establish clear expectations for how quickly utilities are expected to deliver service to new customers, fulfill requests for increased load from existing customers, and seeks to improve utility planning and information sharing to facilitate systematic reductions in the time it takes to meet requests for new or increased levels of service from customers.

AB 1132 Solar Energy Systems: Permit Fees. Chapter 357, Statutes of 2023 This measure extends the repeal date from January 1, 2025 to January 1, 2034 on current law that prescribes and limits permit fees that a city or county may charge for a residential or commercial solar energy system.

AB 1526 Public Resources. Chapter 848, Statutes of 2023 This measure requires a Producer Responsibility Organization under SB 54 (Chapter 75, Statutes of 2022) to schedule and remit funds owed to local governments to cover the cost of the Plastic Pollution Prevention and Packaging Responsibility Act Program. This measure makes other non-substantive changes to Public Resources Code.

SB 613 Organic Waste: Reduction Goals: Local Jurisdictions: Low-population Waiver. Chapter 878, Statutes of 2023 This measure authorizes a local jurisdiction to receive a waiver by CalRecycle from the requirements and regulations of SB 1383 (Chapter 395, Statutes of 2016) and the comprehensive short-lived climate pollutant strategy until December 1, 2028, if the local jurisdiction does not qualify for an existing waiver, disposed of fewer than 5,000 tons of solid waste in 2014, and has fewer than 7,500 people.

AB 30 Atmospheric Rivers: Research: Reservoir Operations. Chapter 134, Statutes of 2023 This measure renames the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) program to the Atmospheric Rivers Research and Forecast Improvement Program: Enabling Climate Adaptation Through Forecast-Informed Reservoir Operations and Hazard Resiliency Program. This measure requires DWR to research, develop, and implement new observations, prediction models, novel forecasting methods, and tailored decision support systems to improve predictions of atmospheric rivers and their impacts on water supply, flooding, post-wildfire debris flows, and environmental conditions.

AB 1572 Potable Water: Nonfunctional Turf. Chapter 849, Statutes of 2023 This measure prohibits the use of potable water to irrigate nonfunctional turf on commercial, municipal, institutional, and multifamily residential properties. This measure takes effect through a phasein of this ban for specified property types beginning January 1, 2027.

SB 676 Local Ordinances and Regulations: Drought-tolerant Landscaping. Chapter 498, Statutes of 2023 This measure prohibits a city, including a charter city, county, or city and county from

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enacting or enforcing any ordinance or regulation that prohibits the installation of droughttolerant landscaping using living plant material on residential property. This measure specifies that drought-tolerant landscaping does not include the installation of synthetic grass or artificial turf.

GOVERNANCE, TRANSPARENCY, AND LABOR RELATIONS
AB 421 Elections: Referendum Measures. Chapter 162, Statutes of 2023 (Urgency) This measure requires for a state referendum that voters be asked to choose between the options "Keep the law" or "Overturn the law" rather than being asked to vote "Yes" or "No." This measure also requires the top campaign funders of an effort to qualify a state referendum to be listed in the state voter information guide.

AB 545 Elections: Access for Voters with Disabilities. Chapter 658, Statutes of 2023 This measure:
• Permits a voter with a disability to vote by regular ballot outside any polling place (also referred to as “curbside” voting) and eliminates provisions of law that require a voter to declare under oath that they are unable to mark their ballot in order to receive assistance marking their ballot; • Requires a county elections official to provide information on the county elections official’s internet website informing a voter with a disability that they may vote a regular ballot outside any polling place;
• Requires signage to be posted outside a polling place indicating that the option to curbside vote is available for a voter with a disability to vote there; and • Requires a polling place to establish a method for a voter with a disability to contact a precinct board member in order to vote outside the polling place, such as a posted phone number, doorbell device, or the stationing of a precinct board member outside the polling place.

AB 764 Local Redistricting. Chapter 343, Statutes of 2023 This measure standardizes the criteria to be used for drawing districts in local jurisdictions by requiring cities, counties, county boards of education, school districts, community college districts, and special districts, if the governing body of these local jurisdictions is elected by districts, to comply with uniform requirements related to redistricting. The measure also increases the public hearing and outreach requirements that apply to all local jurisdictions as part of the process for adopting or adjusting boundaries. This additionally requires the SOS to publish documents, tools, and information pertaining to redistricting.

AB 969 Elections: Voting Systems. Chapter 300, Statutes of 2023 (Urgency) This measure prohibits an elections official from performing a manual vote count in an election held on an established election date if there are more than 1,000 eligible registered voters, or an election held on a date other than an established election date if there are more than 5,000 eligible registered voters. The elections official or any jurisdiction that administers elections must use a certified voting system for accessible voting and to tabulate votes and prohibits a jurisdiction from terminating a contract for an existing certified voting system, unless the jurisdiction has a plan to transition to a new voting system and has signed a new contract for a certified voting system.

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Hawthorne City CouncilDecember 12, 2023

Hawthorne City Council
December 12, 2023