Agenda, first session — Indio City Council, June 7, 2023 (part 4 of 4)

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 355 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Fundamentals of Noise

7 L(n): The A-weighted sound level exceeded during a certain percentage of the sample time. For example, L10 in the sound level exceeded 10 percent of the sample time. Similarly L50, L90 and L99, etc.

Noise: Any unwanted sound or sound which is undesirable because it interferes with speech and hearing, or is intense enough to damage hearing, or is otherwise annoying. The State Noise Control Act defines noise as "...excessive undesirable sound...".

Outdoor Living Area: Outdoor spaces that are associated with residential land uses typically used for passive recreational activities or other noise-sensitive uses. Such spaces include patio areas, barbecue areas, jacuzzi areas, etc. associated with residential uses; outdoor patient recovery or resting areas associated with hospitals, convalescent hospitals, or rest homes; outdoor areas associated with places of worship which have a significant role in services or other noise -sensitive activities; and outdoor school facilities routinely used for educational purposes which may be adversely impacted by noise. Outdoor areas usually not included in this definition are: front yard areas, driveways, greenbelts, maintenance areas and storage areas associated with residential land uses; exterior areas at hospitals that are not used for patient activities; outdoor areas associated with places of worship and principally used for short- term social gatherings; and, outdoor areas associated with sc hool facilities that are not typically associated with educational uses prone to adverse noise impacts (for example, school play yard areas).

Percent Noise Levels: See L(n).

Sound Level (Noise Level): The weighted sound pressure level obtained by use of a sound level meter having a standard frequency-filter for attenuating part of the sound spectrum.

Sound Level Meter: An instrument, including a microphone, an amplifier, an output meter, and frequency weighting networks for the measurement and determination of noise and sound levels.

Single Event Noise Exposure Level (SENEL): The dB(A) level which, if it lasted for one second, would produce the same A-weighted sound energy as the actual event.

3.7 Traffic Noise Prediction
Noise levels associated with traffic depends on a variety of factors: (1) volume of traffic, (2) speed of traffic, (3) auto, medium truck (2 –3 axle) and heavy truck percentage (4 axle and greater), and sound propagation. The greater the volume of traffic, higher speeds and truck percentages equate to a louder volume in noise. A doubling of the Average Daily Traffic (ADT) along a roadway will increase noise levels by approximately 3 dB; reasons for this are discussed in the sections above.

3.8 Sound Propagation
As sound propagates from a source it spreads geometrically. Sound from a small, localized source (i.e., a point source) radiates uniformly outward as it travels away from the source in a spherical pattern.

The sound level attenuates at a rate of 6 dB per doubling of distance. The movement of vehicles down a roadway makes the source of the sound appear to propagate from a line (i.e., line source) rather than a point source. This line source results in the noise propagating from a roadway in a cylindrica l

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 356 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Fundamentals of Noise

8 spreading versus a spherical spreading that results from a point source. The sound level attenuates for a line source at a rate of 3 dB per doubling of distance.

As noise propagates from the source, it is affected by the ground and atmosphere. Noise mode ls use hard site (reflective surfaces) and soft site (absorptive surfaces) to help calculate predicted noise levels.

Hard site conditions assume no excessive ground absorption between the noise source and the receiver. Soft site conditions such as grass, s oft dirt or landscaping attenuate noise at a rate of 1.5 dB per doubling of distance. When added to the geometric spreading, the excess ground attenuation results in an overall noise attenuation of 4.5 dB per doubling of distance for a line source and 7.5 dB per doubling of distance for a point source.

Research has demonstrated that atmospheric conditions can have a significant effect on noise levels when noise receivers are located 200 feet from a noise source. Wind, temperature, air humidity and turbulence can further impact have far sound can travel.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 357 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Regulatory Setting

9 4.0 Regulatory Setting
The proposed project is in the city of Indio, California and noise regulations are addressed through the efforts of various federal, state and local government agencies. The agencies responsible for regulating noise are discussed below.

4.1 Federal Regulations
The adverse impact of noise was officially recogniz ed by the federal government in the Noise Control Act of 1972, which serves three purposes:
• Publicize noise emission standards for interstate commerce • Assist state and local abatement efforts
• Promote noise education and research
The Federal Office of Noise Abatement and Control (ONAC) originally was tasked with implementing the Noise Control Act. However, it was eventually eliminated leaving other federal agencies and committees to develop noise policies and programs. Some examples of these agencies are as follows:

The Department of Transportation (DOT) assumed a significant role in noise control through its various agencies. The Federal Aviation Agency (FAA) is responsible for regulating noise from aircraft and airports. The Federal Highway Administ ration ( FHWA) is responsible for regulating noise from the interstate highway system. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is responsible for the prohibition of excessive noise exposure to workers. The Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is res ponsible for establishing noise regulations as it relates to exterior/interior noise levels for new HUD-assisted housing developments near high noise areas.

The federal government advocates that local jurisdiction s use their land use regulatory authority to arrange new development in such a way that “noise sensitive” uses are either prohibited from being constructed adjacent to a highway or, or alternatively that the developments are planned and constructed in such a manner that potential noise impacts are minimized.

Since the federal government has preempted the setting of standards for noise levels that can be emitted by the transportation source, the City is restricted to regulating the noise generated by the transportation system through nuisance abatement ordinances and land use planning.

4.2 State Regulations
Established in 1973, the California Department of Health Services Office of Noise Control (ONC) was instrumental in developing regularity tools to control and abate noise for use by local agencies . One significant model is the “Land Use Compatibility for Community Noise Environments Matrix.” The matrix allows the local jurisdiction to clearly delineate compatibility of sensitive uses with various incremental levels of noise.

The State of California has established noise insulation standards as outlined in Title 24 and the Uniform Building Code (UBC) which in some cases requires acoustical analyses to outline exterior noise

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Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Regulatory Setting

10 levels and to ensure interior noise levels do not exceed the interior threshold. The State mandates that the legislative body of each county and city adopt a noise element as part of its comprehensive general plan. The local noise element must recognize the land use compatibility guidelines published by the State Department of Health Services. The guidelines rank noise land use compatibility in terms of normally acceptable, conditionally acceptable, normally unacceptable, and clearly unacceptable as illustrated in Exhibit D.

Exhibit D: Land Use Compatibility Guidelines

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 359 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Regulatory Setting

11 4.3 City of Indio Noise Regulations
Municipal Code
The City of Indio, CA Municipal Code (Section 95C.03 GENERAL PROHIBITIONS) states the following:
“It shall be unlawful for any person to make, continue, or cause to be made or continued, within the city limits or within 200 feet thereof, any disturbing excessive or offensive noise or vibration which causes discomfort or annoyance to any reasonable person of normal sensitivity in the area or that is plainly audible at a distance greater than 50 feet from the source point for any purpose” (§ 95C.03A).

The City of Indio does not have a specific decibel noise control limit as long as the project is not disturbing, excessive, or offensive. Therefore, MD defers to the Noise Element as contained in the City of Indio General Plan.

Construction Noise and Vibration
Section 95C. 08 ( DISTURBING, EXCESSIVE, OFFENSIVE NOISES OR VIBRATION CREATED BY VEHICLE(S), TOOLS, MACHINERY; DECLARATION OF CERTAIN ACTS CONSTITUTING ) of the Municipal Code state the following as it relates to construction:

The following activities, among others, are declared to cause disturbing, excessive or offensive noises or vibration in violation of this section but such enumeration shall not be deemed to be exclusive, namely:
(B)Controlled hours of operation. Notwithstanding the provisions of Chapter 151 of this code it shall be unlawful for any person to operate, p ermit, use or cause to operate, any of the following:
(1) Powered model vehicles/planes;
(2) Loading and unloading of vehicles, operating of fork lifts or cranes within 1,000 feet of a residence [exempted if distance from residential area exceeds 1,000 fee t or as it may be reduced by the Planning Commission subject to design review or conditional use permit]; and (3) Construction tools and machinery.

Other than between the hours of:

(1) Pacific Standard Time.
(a) Monday through Friday, 7:00 a.m. through 6:00 p.m.
(b) Saturday, 8:00 a.m. through 6:00 p.m.
(c) Sunday, 9:00 a.m. through 5:00 p.m.
(d) Government Holidays, 9:00 a.m. through 5:00 p.m.
(2) Pacific Daylight Time.
(a) Monday through Friday, 6:00 a.m. through 6:00 p.m.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 360 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Regulatory Setting

12 (b) Saturday, 7:00 a.m. through 6:00 p.m.
(c) Sunday, 9:00 a.m. through 5:00 p.m.
(d) Government Holidays, 9:00 a.m. through 5:00 p.m.

Noise Element
The City outlines their noise goals, policies and standards within the General Plan Noise Element. The following outlines the polices relevant to the proposed project:

NE-1.1 Sensitive receptors. Protect noise-sensitive uses, such as residences, schools, health care facilities, hotels, libraries, and churches, from excessive noise levels through land use capability/adjacency, build design, and noise ordinance enforcement.

NE-1.2 Noise compatibility. Apply the Noise Compatibility Matrix, shown in Table 11 -1, as a guide for planning and development decisions. The City will require projects involving new development or modification s to existing development to implement mitigation measures, where necessary, to reduce noise levels to at least the normally compatible range shown in the City’s Noise Compatibility Matrix shown in Table 11 -1. Mitigation measures should focus on architectural features and building design and construction, rather than site design features, such as excessive setbacks, berms, and sound walls, to maintain compatibility with adjacent and surrounding uses.

NE-3.1 Noise ordinance. Minimize noise conflicts between neighboring properties through enforcement of applicable regulations, such as the City’s Noise Control Ordinance.

NE-3.2 Noise complaints. Respond timely to noise complaints and conduct field monitoring compliance checks to regulate noise violators.

NE-3.3 Entertainment uses. Require noise generating uses, such as restaurants, bars, entertainment venues, and industrial manufacturing operations to minimize noise impacts on adjacent noise-sensitive receptors when there is a potential for adverse noise impacts to occur.

NE-3.4 Construction noise. Require development to minimize the exposure of neighboring properties to excessive noise levels from construction -related activity during all phases of construction.

Regulatory Summary
The proposed project is surrounded by Highway 111 and additional commercial uses to the west, by commercial uses to the north and to the south, and by undeveloped land to the east that is zoned for commercial use. There is no decibel limit in the Municipal Code or the General Plan; therefore, the land use compatibility matrix determine s the acoustic design limit. For commercial uses, the land use compatibility matrix is acceptable up to 70 dB A CNEL; therefore, the project complies if the project noise is le ss than 70 dBA CNEL. Construction hours must comply with the municipal code as stated above.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 361 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Study Method and Procedure

13 5.0 Study Method and Procedure
The following section describes the noi se modeling procedures and assumptions used for this assessment.

5.1 Noise Measurement Procedure and Criteria
This study utilizes the ambient noise measurements performed 7/16/2020 at the project site. Noise measurements are taken to determine the existing noise levels. A noise receiver or receptor is any location in the noise analysis in which noise might produce an impact. The following criteria are used to select measurement locations and receptors:
• Locations expected to receive the highest noise impacts, such as the first row of houses • Locations that are acoustically representative and equivalent of the area of concern • Human land usage
• Sites clear of major obstruction and contamination
The sound level measurements were made in accordance to the City and Caltrans (TeNS) technical noise specifications. All measurement equipment meets American National Standards Institute (ANSI) specifications for sound level meters (S1.4-1983 identified in Chapter 19.68.020.AA). The following gives a brief description of the Caltrans Technical Noise Supplement procedures for sound level measurements:
• Microphones for sound level meters were placed 5-feet above the ground for all measurements • Sound level meters were calibrated (Larson Davis CAL 200) before and after each measurement • Following the calibration of equipment, a windscreen was placed over the microphone • Frequency weighting was set on “A” and slow response
• Results of the long-term noise measurements were recorded on field data sheets • During any short-term noise measurements, any noise contaminations such as barking dogs, local traffic, lawn mowers, or aircraft fly-overs were noted
• Temperature and sky conditions were observed and documented

5.2 Short-Term Noise Measurement Locations
Noise monitoring locations were selected based on the distance of the project’s stationary noise sources to the nearest sensitive receptors. Two (2) short-term 10-minute noise measurements were conducted at or near the project site and are illustrated in Appendix A. Appendix A also includes photos, field sheet, and measured noise data. The CNEL was extrapolated from this data.

5.3 Stationary Noise Modeling
SoundPLAN (SP) acoustical modeling software was utilized to model future worst‐case stationary noise impacts to the adjacent land uses. SP is capable of evaluating multiple stationary noise source impacts at various receiver locations . SP’s software utilizes algorithms (based on the inverse square law and reference equipment noise level data) to calculate noise level projections. The software allows the user to

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 362 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Study Method and Procedure

14 input specific noise sources, spectral content, sound barriers, building placement, topography, and sensitive receptor locations.

The future worst-case noise level projections were modeled using reference d sound level data for the various stationary on-site sources (ordering speaker phone, and cars idling).

The speaker phone was modeled with a reference noise level of 62.1 dBA at 3 feet from the speaker phone. The referenced equipment sound levels are provided in Appendix B as SoundPlan inputs.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 363 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Existing Noise Environment

15 6.0 Existing Noise Environment
Two (2) 10 -minute ambient noise measurements were performed at or near the project site on 7/16/2020. Noise measurements were taken to determine the existing ambient noise levels. Noise data indicates that traffic is the primary source of noise impacting the site and the surrounding area.

6.2 Short-Term Noise Measurement Results
The results of the short-term noise data are presented in Table 1.

Table 1: Short-Term Noise Measurement Data (dBA)1
Location Start Stop Leq Lmax Lmin L2 L8 L25 L50 L90 Estimated CNEL2
ST1 1:24 PM 1:34 PM 54.5 66.4 49.4 62.6 57 53.9 52.8 50.5 57.8 ST2 1:38 PM 2:38 PM 70.4 83.2 54.2 77.7 75.0 71.2 67.0 57.3 73.7 Notes:

1. Short-term noise monitoring locations (ST1 and ST2) are illustrated in Appendix A.

2. CNEL estimated based off typical traffic patterns. See Appendix A.

Noise data indicates the ambient noise level ranges between 57.8 dBA CNEL to 73.7 dBA CNEL. The primary noise source observed at the project location is the adjacent Highway 111. The 10 -minute Leq measured 54.5 dBA at the east property line and 70.4 dBA at the highway (west property line).

Additional field notes, photographs, and estimated CNEL calculations are provided in Appendix A.

Estimated CNEL levels are based on typical hour-to-hour traffic conditions.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 364 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Future Noise Environment Impacts and Mitigation

16 7.0 Future Noise Environment Impacts and Mitigation
This assessment analyzes future noise im pacts as a result of the project . The analysis details the estimated exterior noise level s. Stationary noise impacts are analyzed from the noise sources on -site such as dryers/blowers and vacuums/compressed air systems.

7.1 Stationary Source Noise
The following outlines the exterior noise levels associated with the proposed project.

7.1.1 Noise Impacts to Off-Site Receptors Due to Stationary Sources Sensitive receptors that may be affected by project operational noise include an existing church to the north, including the building and playground . The worst -case stationary noise was modeled using SoundPLAN acoustical modeling software. Worst -case assumes the blowers, vacuums and equipment are always operational when in reality the noise will be intermittent and cycle on/off depending on the customer usage. In addition, the modeling accounts f or the proposed enclosure for the vacuum turbines. Project operations are assumed to occur within the City’s allowable daytime (7 a.m. to 10 p.m.) hours.

A total of four (4) receptors R1 – R4 were modeled to evaluate the proposed project’s operational noise impact. R1 through R 4 represent the nearest property lines of the project site . A receptor is denoted by a yellow dot. All yellow dots represent either a property line or a sensitive receptor such as an outdoor sensitive area or a building.

This study compares the Project’s operational noise levels to two (2) different noise assessment scenarios: 1) Project only operational noise level projections, 2) Project plus ambient noise level projections.

Project Operational Noise Levels
Exhibit E shows the “project only ” operational noise levels at the property lines and/or sensitive receptor area s. Operational noise levels are anticipated to range between 25 dBA to 41 dBA at adjacent commercial uses (depending on the location) . The project does not exceed the exterior noise limit as denoted by the land use compatibility matrix.

Project Plus Ambient Operational Noise Levels
Table 2 demonstrates the project plus the ambient noise levels. Project plus ambient noise level projections are anticipated to range between 55 to 74 dBA, Leq at the adjacent commercial receptors (R1 – R3). Receptor 4 shows the level at the property line between SR -111 Highway and the project site. The “project plus ambient” noise projections to the adjacent uses increases the ambient level by 0 dBA, which does not exceed the noise limit.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 365 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Future Noise Environment Impacts and Mitigation

17 Table 2: Worst-Case Predicted Operational Noise Levels (dBA) Receptor1
Existing Ambient
Noise Level
(dBA, CNEL)2
Exterior
Noise
Limit3
Project
Noise Level
(dBA, LEQ)4
Total Combined
Noise Level
(dBA, CNEL)
Maximum Change
in Noise Level as
Result of Project
Potential to
Exceed Noise
Limit (?)
1 55 70 41 55 0 no
2 55 70 27 55 0 no
3 55 70 25 55 0 no
45 74 70 27 74 0 no
Notes:

1. Receptors 1 - 4 represent project property lines

2. The baseline noise condition at all receptors are below the City's standard with the exception of R4. R4 baseline condition exceeds the City's existing standard.

3. See Indio General Plan

4. See Exhibit E for the operational noise level projections at said receptors.

5. Baseline condition exceeds the City's standard. Project only noise levels meet the City's noise standard. In addition , there are no sensitive receptors at R4, as it is the property line between SR-111 Hwy and the project site.

It should be noted that as traffic volumes continue to increase along Highway 111, traffic noise levels will increase within the project vicinity . As previously mentioned in Section 3.7, as a rule of thumb, traffic noise increases approximately 3 dBA every doubling of ADTs (e.g. 14,000 to 28,000). Therefore, ambient noise levels will further increase (regardless of the proposed project) as traffic increases .

Project-generated noise levels will further be masked by traffic noise along the subject roadways.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 366 of 486 Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Future Noise Environment Impacts and Mitigation 18 Exhibit E
Operational Noise Levels & Contours

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Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Construction Noise Impact

19 8.0 Construction Noise Impact
The degree of construction noise may vary for different areas of the project site and also vary depending on the construction activities. Noise levels associated with the construction will vary with the different phases of construction.

8.1 Construction Noise
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has compiled data regarding the noise generated characteristics of typical construction activities , which can be found in the FTA Noise and Vibration Manual. The data is presented in Table 3.

Table 3: Typical Construction Equipment Noise Levels1

Type Lmax (dBA) at 50 Feet
Backhoe 80
Truck 88
Concrete Mixer 85
Pneumatic Tool 85
Pump 76
Saw, Electric 76
Air Compressor 81
Generator 81
Paver 89
Roller 74
Notes:
1 Referenced Noise Levels from FTA noise and vibration manual.

Construction is considered a short -term impact and would be considered significant if construction activities are taken outside the allowable times as described in the City’s Noise Element Section 95C.08 (see Section 4.3 of this report) . Construction is anticipated to occur during the permissible hours according to the City’s Municipal Code. Construction noise will have a temporary or periodic increase in the ambient noise level above the existing within the project vicinity. Furthermore, noise reduction measures are pr ovided to further reduce construction noise. The impact is considered less than significant however construction noise level projections are provided.

Typical operating cycles for these types of construction equipment may involve one or two minutes of full power operation followed by three to four minutes at lower power settings. Noise levels will be loudest during grading phase. A likely worst -case construction noise scenario during grading assumes the use of 1-grader, 1-dozer, and 1-excavator operating at 50 feet from the nearest sensitive receptor (commercial use).

Assuming a usage factor of 40 percent for each piece of equipment, unmitigated noise levels at 50 feet have the potential to reach 86 dBA Leq at the nearest sensitive receptors during building construction.

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Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Construction Noise Impact

20 8.2 Construction Vibration
Construction activities can produce vibration that may be felt by adjacent land uses. The construction of the proposed project would not require the use of equipment such as pile drivers, which are known to generate substantial construction vibration levels. The primary vibration source during construction may be from a bulldozer. A large bulldozer has a vibration impact of 0.089 inches per second peak particle velocity (PPV) at 25 feet which is perceptible but below any risk to architectural damage.

The fundamental equation used to calculate vibration propagation through average soil conditions and distance is as follows:

PPVequipment = PPVref (100/Drec)n
Where: PPVref = reference PPV at 100ft.

Drec = distance from equipment to receiver in ft.
n = 1.1 (the value related to the attenuation rate through ground)

The thresholds from the Caltrans Transportation and Construction Induced Vibration Guidance Manual in Table 4 (below) provides general thresholds and guidelines as to the vibration damage potential from vibratory impacts.

Table 4: Guideline Vibration Damage Potential Threshold Criteria

Structure and Condition
Maximum PPV (in/sec)
Transient Sources Continuous/Frequent
Intermittent Sources
Extremely fragile historic buildings, ruins, ancient monuments 0.12 0.08 Fragile buildings 0.2 0.1
Historic and some old buildings 0.5 0.25
Older residential structures 0.5 0.3
New residential structures 1.0 0.5
Modern industrial/commercial buildings 2.0 0.5
Source: Table 19, Transportation and Construction Vibration Guidance Manual, Caltrans, Sept. 2013.

Note: Transient sources create a single isolated vibration event, such as blasting or drop balls. Continuous/frequent intermittent sources include impact pile drivers, pogo-stick compactors, crack-and-seat equipment, vibratory pile drivers, and vibratory compaction equipment.

Table 5 gives approximate vibration levels for part icular construction activities. This data provides a reasonable estimate for a wide range of soil conditions.

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Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Construction Noise Impact

21 Table 5: Vibration Source Levels for Construction Equipment1

Equipment
Peak Particle Velocity Approximate Vibration Level
(inches/second) at 25 feet LV (dVB) at 25 feet
Pile driver (impact) 1.518 (upper range) 112

0.644 (typical) 104
Pile driver (sonic) 0.734 upper range 105

0.170 typical 93
Clam shovel drop (slurry wall) 0.202 94
Hydromill 0.008 in soil 66
(slurry wall) 0.017 in rock 75
Vibratory Roller 0.21 94
Hoe Ram 0.089 87
Large bulldozer 0.089 87
Caisson drill 0.089 87
Loaded trucks 0.076 86
Jackhammer 0.035 79
Small bulldozer 0.003 58
1 Source: Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment, Federal Transit Administration, May 2006.

At a distance of 40 feet (distance structure from the property line), a large bulldozer would yield a worst-case 0.053 PPV (in/sec) which may be perceptible for short periods of time during grading along the eastern property line of the project site, but i s below any threshold of damage. The impact is less than significant and no mitigation is required.

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Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA References

22 9.0 References
Indio, CA: CA Municipal Code. May 2020.

Indio, CA: General Plan Noise Element. Sept 2019.

Governor’s Office of Planning and Research. State of California General Plan Guidelines. 1998.

Federal Highway Administration. Noise Barrier Design Handbook. June 2017.

Federal Transit Administration. Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual. September 2018.

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Appendix A:

Field Measurement Data

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 372 of 486 www.mdacoustics.com
AZ Office
4960 S. Gilbert Rd, Ste 1‐461
Chandler, AZ 85249
CA Office
1197 E Los Angeles Ave, C‐256
Simi Valley, CA 93065
Project: QQ Indio Site Observations:

Site Address/Location: 81703 CA‐ 111, Indio Ca
Date: 7/16/2020
Field Tech/Engineer: Jason Schuyler
General Location:

Sound Meter: NTi Audio SN: A2A‐07095‐E0 Site Topo:

Settings: A‐weighted, slow, 1‐sec, 10‐minute interval Ground Type:

Meteorological Con.: 106 degrees F, 2 to 10 mph wind, S. SE. direction Site ID: ST‐1
Figure 3: ST‐1 Photo
Figure 2: ST‐1 Photo
10‐Minute Continuous Noise Measurement Datasheet
ST1 ‐meter is approx 5' from property line
ST2‐ meter is 5' from CA 111 roughly 38' from c/l of rd Clear skys hot temps around 106F. Wins from S. SE. at 2‐10mph.

Noise Source(s) w/ Distance:

Flat
Hard site conditions, reflective
Figure 1: Monitoring Locations
12 10Min_FS_Awtg ST1‐2 for QQIndio

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
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AZ Office
4960 S. Gilbert Rd, Ste 1‐461
Chandler, AZ 85249
CA Office
1197 E Los Angeles Ave, C‐256
Simi Valley, CA 93065
Project: QQ Indio
Site Address/Location: 81703 CA‐ 111, Indio Ca
Site ID: ST‐1
Location Start Stop Leq Lmax Lmin L2 L8 L25 L50 L90
1 1:24 PM 1:34 PM 54.5 66.4 49.4 62.6 57 53.9 52.8 50.5 2 1:38 PM 2:38 PM 70.4 83.2 54.2 77.7 75.0 71.2 67.0 57.3 10‐Minute Noise Measurement Datasheet ‐ Cont.

Table 1: 10‐Min Baseline Noise Measurement Summary
Figure 4: ST‐2 Photo Figure 5: ST‐2 Photo
10Min_FS_Awtg ST1‐2 for QQIndio

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 374 of 486 www.mdacoustics.com
AZ Office
4960 S. Gilbert Rd, Ste 1‐461
Chandler, AZ 85249
CA Office
1197 E Los Angeles Ave, C‐256
Simi Valley, CA 93065
Project: QQ Indio
Site Address/Location: 81703 CA‐ 111, Indio Ca
Site ID: ST‐1
10‐Minute Noise Measurement Datasheet ‐ Cont.

0.0 10.0

20.0 30.0

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60.0 70.0

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1:32:21 PM
1:32:36 PM
1:32:51 PM
1:33:06 PM
1:33:21 PM
1:33:36 PM
1:33:51 PM
1:34:06 PM
dBA
Time
ST‐1: Ambient Noise Level (1‐sec) ST‐1
L90
10Min_FS_Awtg ST1‐2 for QQIndio

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Appendix B:

SoundPLAN Input/Outputs

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3rd octave spectra of the sources in dB(A) - Situation 1 - Per Plan - SP 4 Name l or A
m,m²
Li
dB(A)
R'w
dB
L'w
dB(A)
Lw
dB(A)
25Hz
dB(A)

31.5Hz
dB(A)
40Hz
dB(A)
50Hz
dB(A)
63Hz
dB(A)
80Hz
dB(A)
100Hz
dB(A)
125Hz
dB(A)
160Hz
dB(A)
200Hz
dB(A)
250Hz
dB(A)
315Hz
dB(A)
400Hz
dB(A)
500Hz
dB(A)
630Hz
dB(A)
800Hz
dB(A)
1kHz
dB(A)

1.25kHz
dB(A)

1.6kHz
dB(A)
2kHz
dB(A)

2.5kHz
dB(A)

3.15kHz
dB(A)
4kHz
dB(A)
5kHz
dB(A)

6.3kHz
dB(A)
8kHz
dB(A)
10kHz
dB(A)
Car Queue 71.32 47.3 65.8 39.2 22.2 28.2 43 44.2 46.2 44.2 48.2 45.2 51.2 46.2 48.2 52.2 52.2 56.2 54.2 54.2 55.2 53.2 56.2 57.2 54.2 52.2 49.2 46.2 44.2 41.2 Speaker 65.9 65.9 40.7 45.5 46.7 51 51.9 53.9 55.9 52.8 52.7 48.6 48.0 45.6 46.3 35.0 38.3 33.5 32.7 31.1 30.0 29.0 48.0 45.6 46.3 35.0 38.3 33.5 32.7 SoundPLAN 8.2
Advanced Acoustics 663 Bristol Ave Simi Valley, CA 93065-5402 USA 1

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Contribution level - Situation 1 - Per Plan - SP 9
Source Source ty Leq,d
dB(A)
A
dB
Receiver 1 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 40.8 dB(A)
Car Queue Line 35.5 0.0
Speaker Point 39.3 0.0
Receiver 2 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 27.4 dB(A)
Car Queue Line 25.7 0.0
Speaker Point 22.5 0.0
Receiver 3 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 25.0 dB(A)
Car Queue Line 21.0 0.0
Speaker Point 22.8 0.0
Receiver 4 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 27.1 dB(A)
Car Queue Line 23.8 0.0
Speaker Point 24.4 0.0
SoundPLAN 8.2
Advanced Acoustics 663 Bristol Ave Simi Valley, CA 93065-5402 USA 1

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Contribution spectra - Situation 1 - Per Plan - SP
Source Time
slice
Sum
dB(A)
63Hz
dB(A)
125Hz
dB(A)
250Hz
dB(A)
500Hz
dB(A)
1kHz
dB(A)
2kHz
dB(A)
4kHz
dB(A)
8kHz
dB(A)
16kHz
dB(A)
Receiver 1 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 40.8 dB(A)
Car Queue Leq,d 35.5 21.2 20.9 22.6 27.6 29.1 30.6 26.9 18.3 10.0 Speaker Leq,d 39.3 31.0 31.3 23.4 18.3 9.5 20.6 21.4 12.0 4.4 Receiver 2 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 27.4 dB(A)
Car Queue Leq,d 25.7 11.5 11.0 10.9 16.4 19.7 21.4 17.3 7.3 -4.3 Speaker Leq,d 22.5 14.4 13.8 2.1 -0.5 -5.6 5.8 5.9 -7.1 -25.6 Receiver 3 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 25.0 dB(A)
Car Queue Leq,d 21.0 7.4 6.5 4.9 10.7 15.1 17.0 12.6 1.3 -14.3 Speaker Leq,d 22.8 13.3 11.8 0.0 -7.0 -16.8 -8.9 -9.7 -23.1 Receiver 4 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 27.1 dB(A)
Car Queue Leq,d 23.8 10.5 9.9 9.3 14.4 17.6 19.3 15.3 5.4 -6.7 Speaker Leq,d 24.4 13.4 12.2 0.8 -5.6 -14.5 -6.2 -7.0 -20.7 SoundPLAN 8.2
Advanced Acoustics 663 Bristol Ave Simi Valley, CA 93065-5402 USA 1

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Appendix C:

Referenced Drive Thru Noise Level

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/18/2/19/i255/21/22/23/19/4/1/7/i255 /24/25/26/27/28/27/24/27/29/28/24/29 /30/31/6/4/i255/32/33/33/1/4/34/34/35/36/2/5/37/38/2/39/7/i255/27/24/29/40/29/i255/41/42/i255/43/44/44/45/46/47/15/12/10/i255/48/47/11/49 /50/37/6/4/7 /i255/24/51/52/24/26/52/27/24/27/29
/53/31/4/54/33/i255/55/4/5/56/35/57/39/58/31/39/4/4/1/7/i255/48/47/13/17/15/12/i255/59/17/11/15/45/47/60 /30/2/22/1/5/4/35/30/61/34/6/4/23/7 /i255/62/15/63/64/17/i255/65/10/15/14/i255/41/66/17/11/67/17/15/i255/59/10/47/60/17 /i255
/68/4/39/4/1/37/54/i255/36/2/5/37/38/2/39/7/i255 /51/28/69/17/17/12 /30/2/22/39/33/i255/70/4/6/4/1/7 /i255/71/65/63/i255 /30/21/7/i255/72/27/72/28/29/73/29/73/74/28/43/24 /30/4/75/39/58/34/7 /i255/72/28/46/17/63/16/10/12/17/49/76/i255/41/44/47/46/76/i255/29/28/45/17/77/76/i255/29/24/28/45/17/77/i255/49/14/15/11/78/47/60 /70/4/6/4/2/1/2/54/2/58/31/5/37/54/i255/79/2/39/33/80/7/i255/81/44/17/11/15/i255/41/67/63/17/45/76/i255/73/24/i255/49/17/16/15/17/17/45 /55/37/19/54/4/i255/82/7/i255/30/22/23/23/37/1/61/i255/70/4/37/34/22/1/4/23/4/39/6/i255/50/37/6/37 /53/31/58/22/1/4/i255/82/7
/32/5/2/22/34/38/5/i255/30/83/4/5/6/1/22/23/i255/84/i255/50/1/31/85/4/i255/55/56/1/22/i255/30/83/4/37/86/4/1/i255/0/56/2/39/4 /30/31/6/4/i255/87/19/34/4/1/85/37/38/2/39/34/7/i255 /i255 /51/28/69/17/17/12/i255/69/15/47/88/i255/49/15/63/64/17/28/12/10/15/14/i255/45/66/17/11/67/17/15/66/10/47/60/17 /36/4/89/36/23/31/39/36/23/37/90
/73/27/42/29/40/73/42/40/73/73/42/91
/36/39/i255/92/36/39/i255/93/36/39/i255/82/94/36/39/i255/93/94/36/39/i255/95/94/36/39/i255/95/95 /24/42/24 /73/91/42/24/73/73/42/27/40/91/42/40/40/40/42/25 /24/42/24 /30/2/22/1/5/4/35/30/61/34/6/4/23 /87/85/4/1/37/54/54/i255/30/2/22/1/5/4 /87/85/4/1/37/54/54/i255 /33/96/97/32/98
/99/1/33/i255/87/5/6/37/85/4/i255/96/37/39/33/i255/50/37/6/37/i255/97/33/96/32/98 /92/94/92/93/99/82/80/93/100/94/93/94/101/99/102/94/82/94/94/82/92/93/82/101/94/92/94/94/92/93/94/99/82/93/100/94/94/93/94/94/101/99/94/102/94/94/82/86/82/92/80/93/86/82/80/101/86/92/86/92/80/93/86/99/80/82/93/86/100/86/93/86/101/80/99/86/102/86/82/94/86/82/92/80/93/86/82/101/86/92/94/86 /62/15/63/64/17/i255/65/10/15/14/i255/41/66/17/11/67/17/15/i255/59/10/47/60/17 /62/15/63/64/17/i255/65/10/15/14/i255/41/66/17/11 /73/27/42/29 /74/42/27/25/42/25/26/42/26/29/40/42/40/29/91/42/24/27/26/42/91/51/29/42/27/51/24/42/24/51/73/42/27/51/91/42/27/74/29/42/27/74/24/42/25/74/40/42/40/74/73/42/25/40/24/42/25/40/29/42/26/40/51/42/26/40/40/42/26/40/27/42/91/40/27/42/25/74/91/42/73/74/91/42/24/74/40/42/73/74/73/42/51/51/40/42/24/51/91/42/51/51/51/42/40/51/27/42/25/51/29/42/29/51/24/42/24/27/26/42/24 /103/104/105/104/106/107/108/103/109/103/109/104/109/104/104/108/110/103/110/105/110/111/110/108/106/110 /112/113/114/115/i255/117/118/119/120
/104
/108/104
/103/104
/107/104
/105/104
/109/104
/106/104
/121/122/123/124/125/i255/126/113/114/127/127/123/113/114/i255/128/114/129/114/130/131/i255/125/132/133

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Appendix C
Air Quality, Greenhouse Gas, and Energy Impact Study, MD Acoustics

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Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA
Prepared for:

The Altum Group
Rich Malacoff, AICP
72140 Magnesia Dalls, Suite 1
Rancho Mirage, CA 92270
Prepared by:

MD Acoustics, LLC
Mike Dickerson, INCE
Robert Pearson
1197 Los Angeles Ave, Ste C-256
Simi Valley, CA 93065
Date: 9/6/2022

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City of Indio, CA Table of Contents

MD Acoustics, LLC ii
JN: 07412201_Report.docx

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Findings and Conclusions 1

2.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 2

2.1 Purpose of Analysis and Study Objectives 2

2.2 Site Location and Study Area 2

2.3 Proposed Project Description 2

3.0 Fundamentals of Noise ................................................................................................................. 5

3.1 Sound, Noise and Acoustics 5

3.2 Frequency and Hertz 5

3.3 Sound Pressure Levels and Decibels 5

3.4 Addition of Decibels 5

3.5 Human Response to Changes in Noise Levels 6

3.6 Noise Descriptors 6

3.7 Traffic Noise Prediction 7

3.8 Sound Propagation 7

4.0 Regulatory Setting ......................................................................................................................... 9

4.1 Federal Regulations 9

4.2 State Regulations 9

4.3 City of Indio Noise Regulations 11

5.0 Study Method and Procedure ..................................................................................................... 13

5.1 Noise Measurement Procedure and Criteria 13

5.2 Short-Term Noise Measurement Locations 13

5.3 Stationary Noise Modeling 13

6.0 Existing Noise Environment ......................................................................................................... 15

6.2 Short-Term Noise Measurement Results 15

7.0 Future Noise Environment Impacts and Mitigation .................................................................... 16

7.1 Stationary Source Noise 16

7.1.1 Noise Impacts to Off-Site Receptors Due to Stationary Sources 16

8.0 Construction Noise Impact .......................................................................................................... 19

8.1 Construction Noise 19

8.2 Construction Vibration 20

9.0 References .................................................................................................................................. 22

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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A: Field Measurement Data .................................................................................................. 1 Appendix B: SoundPLAN Input/Outputs ............................................................................................... 2 Appendix C: Referenced Drive Thru Noise Level ................................................................................... 3

LIST OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit A: Location Map .................................................................................................................... 3 Exhibit B: Site Plan ............................................................................................................................ 4 Exhibit C: Typical A-Weighted Noise Levels ...................................................................................... 5 Exhibit D: Land Use Compatibility Guidelines ................................................................................. 10 Exhibit E: Operational Worst-Case Noise Level Contours ............................................................... 18

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Short-Term Noise Measurement Data (dBA)1 ........................................................................... 15 Table 2: Worst-Case Predicted Operational Noise Levels (dBA) .............................................................. 17 Table 3: Typical Construction Equipment Noise Levels ........................................................................... 19 Table 4: Guideline Vibration Damage Potential Threshold Criteria ......................................................... 20 Table 5: Vibration Source Levels for Construction Equipment ................................................................ 21

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Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Executive Summary

1 1.0 Executive Summary
This report has been prepared to provide the calculated noise projections for the proposed Wendy’s Drive Thru project located along Highway 111 between Clinton Street and Las Palmas Road in the City of Indio, CA. All noise projections were compared to the Noise Element as contained in the City of Indio General Plan.

1.1 Findings and Conclusions
On July 16, 2020, MD performed two baseline noise measurements at the proposed project site. T he existing noise level ranges from 51 to 73 dBA, Leq, depending on the proximity to Highway 111 during operational hours (7 am to 10 pm) . MD has provided updated noise projections based on the project design.

This s tudy compar es the P roject’s operational noise levels to two (2) different noise a ssessment scenarios: 1) Project only operational noise level projections, 2) Project plus ambient noise level projections.

Project only o perational noise levels are anticipated to range from 25 to 41 dBA, Leq at the property lines of the project site . This is below the 70 dBA limit for commercial uses as specified in the City of Indio General Plan Noise Element. Project plus ambient noise level projections are anticipated to range between 55 to 74 dBA at adjacent commercial receptors.

The project as designed (see project design features in Section 7.2 of the report) meets the City’s noise ordinance and policies within the General Plan Noise Element. N o noise mitigation measures are required.

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City of Indio, CA Introduction

2 2.0 Introduction

2.1 Purpose of Analysis and Study Objectives
The purpose of this noise impact study is to evaluate the potential noise impacts for the project study area and to recommend noise mitigation measures, if necessary, to minimize the potential noise impacts. This assessment was conducted and compared to poten tially applicable noise standards set - forth by the State and/or Local agencies. Consistent with the City’s Noise Guidelines, the project must demonstrate compliance to the applicable noise zoning ordinance and sound attenuation requirements.

The following is provided in this report:
• A description of the study area and the proposed project • Information regarding the fundamentals of noise
• A description of the local noise guidelines and standards • An evaluation of the existing ambient noise environment • An analys is of stationary noise impact (e.g. blowers and vacuums) from the project site to adjacent land uses

2.2 Site Location and Study Area
The project site is located along Hwy 111 between Dr Carreon Boulevard and Las Palmas Road in the City of Indio, C alifornia, as shown in Exhibit A. The site is currently zoned as Community Commercial use by the City of Indio. The Project is bordered by commercial uses to the north and south, Hwy 111 to the northwest, and vacant land to the east.

2.3 Proposed Project Description
The Project proposes the construction of a 3,070 square foot fast-food restaurant on 0.57 acres. Exhibit B demonstrates the site plan for the project.

Construction activities within the Project area will consist of demolition, grading, building, paving, and architectural coating.

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3 Exhibit A
Location Map
Site

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Site Plan
4 Introduction
Wendy’s Drive Thru
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA

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City of Indio, CA Fundamentals of Noise

5 3.0 Fundamentals of Noise
This section of the report provides basic information about noise and presents some of the terms used within the report.

3.1 Sound, Noise and Acoustics
Sound is a disturbance created by a moving or vibrating source and is capable of being detected by the hearing organs. Sound may be thought of as mechanical energy of a moving object transmitted by pressure waves through a medium to a human ear. For traffic, or stationary noise, the medium of concern is air. Noise is defined as sound that is loud, unpleasant, unexpected, or unwanted.

3.2 Frequency and Hertz
A continuous sound is described by its frequency
(pitch) and its amplitude (loudness). Frequency
relates to the number of pressure oscillations per
second. Low -frequency sounds are low in pitch
(bass sounding) and high-frequency sounds are high
in pitch (squeak). These oscillations per second
(cycles) are commonly referred to as Hertz (Hz). The
human ear can hear from the bass pitch starting out
at 20 Hz all the way to the high pitch of 20,000 Hz.

3.3 Sound Pressure Levels and Decibels
The amplitude of a sound determines it loudness.

The loudness of sound increases or decreases as
the amplitude increases or decreases. Sound
pressure amplitude is measure in units of micro -
Newton per square inch meter (N/m2), also called
micro-Pascal (µPa). One µPa is approximately one
hundred billionths (0.00000000001) of normal
atmospheric pressure. Sound pressure level (SPL or
Lp) is used to describe in logarithmic units the ratio
of actual sound pressures to a reference pressure
squared. These units are called decibels abbreviated dB. Exhibit C illustrates references sound levels for different noise sources.

3.4 Addition of Decibels
Because decibels are on a logarithmic scale, sound pressure levels cannot be added or subtracted by simple plus or minus addition. When two sounds or equal SPL are combined, they will produce an SPL 3 dB greater than the original single SPL. In other words, sound energy must be doubled to produce a 3 dB increase. If two sounds differ by approximately 10 dB, the higher sound level is the predominant sound.

Exhibit C: Typical A-Weighted Noise Levels

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6 3.5 Human Response to Changes in Noise Levels
In ge neral, the healthy human ear is most sensitive to sounds between 1,000 Hz and 5,000 Hz, (A - weighted scale) and it perceives a sound within that range as being more intense than a sound with a higher or lower frequency with the same magnitude. For purposes of this report as well as with most environmental documents, the A -scale weighting is typically reported in terms of A -weighted decibel (dBA). Typically, the human ear can barely perceive the change in noise level of 3 dB. A change in 5 dB is readily perc eptible, and a change in 10 dB is perceived as being twice or half as loud. As previously discussed, a doubling of sound energy results in a 3 dB increase in sound, which means that a doubling of sound energy (e.g. doubling the volume of traffic on a highw ay) would result in a barely perceptible change in sound level.

3.6 Noise Descriptors
Noise in our daily environment fluctuates over time. Some noise levels occur in regular patterns, others are random. Some noise levels are constant while others are spora dic. Noise descriptors were created to describe the different time-varying noise levels.

A-Weighted Sound Level: The sound pressure level in decibels as measured on a sound level meter using the A -weighted filter network. The A -weighting filter de -emphasizes the very low and very high frequency components of the sound in a manner similar to the response of the human ear. A numerical method of rating human judgment of loudness.

Ambient Noise Level: The composite of noise from all sources, near and far. In this context, the ambient noise level constitutes the normal or existing level of environmental noise at a given location.

Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL): The average equivalent A-weighted sound level during a 24- hour day, obtained after addition of five (5) decibels to sound levels in the evening from 7:00 to 10:00 PM and after addition of ten (10) decibels to sound levels in the night before 7:00 AM and after 10:00 PM.

Decibel (dB): A unit for measuring the amplitude of a sound, equal to 20 times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the pressure of the sound measured to the reference pressure, which is 20 micro - pascals.
dB(A): A-weighted sound level (see definition above).

Equivalent Sound Level (LEQ): The sound level corresponding to a steady noise level over a given sample period with the same amount of acoustic energy as the actual time varying noise level. The energy average noise level during the sample period.

Habitable Room: Any room meeting the requirements of the Uniform Building Code or other applicable regulations which is intended to be used for sleeping, living, cooking or dining purposes, excluding such enclosed spaces as closets, pantries, bath or toilet rooms, service rooms, connecting corridors, laundries, unfinished attics, foyers, storage spaces, cellars, utility rooms and similar spaces.

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Percent Noise Levels: See L(n).

Sound Level (Noise Level): The weighted sound pressure level obtained by use of a sound level meter having a standard frequency-filter for attenuating part of the sound spectrum.

Sound Level Meter: An instrument, including a microphone, an amplifier, an output meter, and frequency weighting networks for the measurement and determination of noise and sound levels.

Single Event Noise Exposure Level (SENEL): The dB(A) level which, if it lasted for one second, would produce the same A-weighted sound energy as the actual event.

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8 spreading versus a spherical spreading that results from a point source. The sound level attenuates for a line source at a rate of 3 dB per doubling of distance.

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City of Indio, CA Regulatory Setting

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Exhibit D: Land Use Compatibility Guidelines

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Other than between the hours of:

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12 (b) Saturday, 7:00 a.m. through 6:00 p.m.
(c) Sunday, 9:00 a.m. through 5:00 p.m.
(d) Government Holidays, 9:00 a.m. through 5:00 p.m.

Noise Element
The City outlines their noise goals, policies and standards within the General Plan Noise Element. The following outlines the polices relevant to the proposed project:

NE-3.1 Noise ordinance. Minimize noise conflicts between neighboring properties through enforcement of applicable regulations, such as the City’s Noise Control Ordinance.

NE-3.2 Noise complaints. Respond timely to noise complaints and conduct field monitoring compliance checks to regulate noise violators.

NE-3.4 Construction noise. Require development to minimize the exposure of neighboring properties to excessive noise levels from construction -related activity during all phases of construction.

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13 5.0 Study Method and Procedure
The following section describes the noi se modeling procedures and assumptions used for this assessment.

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14 input specific noise sources, spectral content, sound barriers, building placement, topography, and sensitive receptor locations.

The future worst-case noise level projections were modeled using reference d sound level data for the various stationary on-site sources (ordering speaker phone, and cars idling).

The speaker phone was modeled with a reference noise level of 62.1 dBA at 3 feet from the speaker phone. The referenced equipment sound levels are provided in Appendix B as SoundPlan inputs.

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City of Indio, CA Existing Noise Environment

6.2 Short-Term Noise Measurement Results
The results of the short-term noise data are presented in Table 1.

1. Short-term noise monitoring locations (ST1 and ST2) are illustrated in Appendix A.

2. CNEL estimated based off typical traffic patterns. See Appendix A.

Additional field notes, photographs, and estimated CNEL calculations are provided in Appendix A.

Estimated CNEL levels are based on typical hour-to-hour traffic conditions.

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City of Indio, CA Future Noise Environment Impacts and Mitigation

7.1 Stationary Source Noise
The following outlines the exterior noise levels associated with the proposed project.

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1. Receptors 1 - 4 represent project property lines

2. The baseline noise condition at all receptors are below the City's standard with the exception of R4. R4 baseline condition exceeds the City's existing standard.

3. See Indio General Plan

4. See Exhibit E for the operational noise level projections at said receptors.

Project-generated noise levels will further be masked by traffic noise along the subject roadways.

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City of Indio, CA Future Noise Environment Impacts and Mitigation 18 Exhibit E
Operational Noise Levels & Contours

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City of Indio, CA Construction Noise Impact

Table 3: Typical Construction Equipment Noise Levels1

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The fundamental equation used to calculate vibration propagation through average soil conditions and distance is as follows:

PPVequipment = PPVref (100/Drec)n
Where: PPVref = reference PPV at 100ft.

Drec = distance from equipment to receiver in ft.
n = 1.1 (the value related to the attenuation rate through ground)

Table 4: Guideline Vibration Damage Potential Threshold Criteria

Table 5 gives approximate vibration levels for part icular construction activities. This data provides a reasonable estimate for a wide range of soil conditions.

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21 Table 5: Vibration Source Levels for Construction Equipment1

Equipment
Peak Particle Velocity Approximate Vibration Level
(inches/second) at 25 feet LV (dVB) at 25 feet
Pile driver (impact) 1.518 (upper range) 112

0.644 (typical) 104
Pile driver (sonic) 0.734 upper range 105

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City of Indio, CA References

22 9.0 References
Indio, CA: CA Municipal Code. May 2020.

Indio, CA: General Plan Noise Element. Sept 2019.

Governor’s Office of Planning and Research. State of California General Plan Guidelines. 1998.

Federal Highway Administration. Noise Barrier Design Handbook. June 2017.

Federal Transit Administration. Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual. September 2018.

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Appendix A:

Field Measurement Data

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AZ Office
4960 S. Gilbert Rd, Ste 1‐461
Chandler, AZ 85249
CA Office
1197 E Los Angeles Ave, C‐256
Simi Valley, CA 93065
Project: QQ Indio Site Observations:

Site Address/Location: 81703 CA‐ 111, Indio Ca
Date: 7/16/2020
Field Tech/Engineer: Jason Schuyler
General Location:

Sound Meter: NTi Audio SN: A2A‐07095‐E0 Site Topo:

Settings: A‐weighted, slow, 1‐sec, 10‐minute interval Ground Type:

Noise Source(s) w/ Distance:

Flat
Hard site conditions, reflective
Figure 1: Monitoring Locations
12 10Min_FS_Awtg ST1‐2 for QQIndio

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AZ Office
4960 S. Gilbert Rd, Ste 1‐461
Chandler, AZ 85249
CA Office
1197 E Los Angeles Ave, C‐256
Simi Valley, CA 93065
Project: QQ Indio
Site Address/Location: 81703 CA‐ 111, Indio Ca
Site ID: ST‐1
Location Start Stop Leq Lmax Lmin L2 L8 L25 L50 L90
1 1:24 PM 1:34 PM 54.5 66.4 49.4 62.6 57 53.9 52.8 50.5 2 1:38 PM 2:38 PM 70.4 83.2 54.2 77.7 75.0 71.2 67.0 57.3 10‐Minute Noise Measurement Datasheet ‐ Cont.

Table 1: 10‐Min Baseline Noise Measurement Summary
Figure 4: ST‐2 Photo Figure 5: ST‐2 Photo
10Min_FS_Awtg ST1‐2 for QQIndio

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AZ Office
4960 S. Gilbert Rd, Ste 1‐461
Chandler, AZ 85249
CA Office
1197 E Los Angeles Ave, C‐256
Simi Valley, CA 93065
Project: QQ Indio
Site Address/Location: 81703 CA‐ 111, Indio Ca
Site ID: ST‐1
10‐Minute Noise Measurement Datasheet ‐ Cont.

0.0 10.0

20.0 30.0

40.0 50.0

60.0 70.0

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Appendix B:

SoundPLAN Input/Outputs

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3rd octave spectra of the sources in dB(A) - Situation 1 - Per Plan - SP 4 Name l or A
m,m²
Li
dB(A)
R'w
dB
L'w
dB(A)
Lw
dB(A)
25Hz
dB(A)

31.5Hz
dB(A)
40Hz
dB(A)
50Hz
dB(A)
63Hz
dB(A)
80Hz
dB(A)
100Hz
dB(A)
125Hz
dB(A)
160Hz
dB(A)
200Hz
dB(A)
250Hz
dB(A)
315Hz
dB(A)
400Hz
dB(A)
500Hz
dB(A)
630Hz
dB(A)
800Hz
dB(A)
1kHz
dB(A)

1.25kHz
dB(A)

1.6kHz
dB(A)
2kHz
dB(A)

2.5kHz
dB(A)

3.15kHz
dB(A)
4kHz
dB(A)
5kHz
dB(A)

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Contribution level - Situation 1 - Per Plan - SP 9
Source Source ty Leq,d
dB(A)
A
dB
Receiver 1 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 40.8 dB(A)
Car Queue Line 35.5 0.0
Speaker Point 39.3 0.0
Receiver 2 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 27.4 dB(A)
Car Queue Line 25.7 0.0
Speaker Point 22.5 0.0
Receiver 3 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 25.0 dB(A)
Car Queue Line 21.0 0.0
Speaker Point 22.8 0.0
Receiver 4 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 27.1 dB(A)
Car Queue Line 23.8 0.0
Speaker Point 24.4 0.0
SoundPLAN 8.2
Advanced Acoustics 663 Bristol Ave Simi Valley, CA 93065-5402 USA 1

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Contribution spectra - Situation 1 - Per Plan - SP
Source Time
slice
Sum
dB(A)
63Hz
dB(A)
125Hz
dB(A)
250Hz
dB(A)
500Hz
dB(A)
1kHz
dB(A)
2kHz
dB(A)
4kHz
dB(A)
8kHz
dB(A)
16kHz
dB(A)
Receiver 1 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 40.8 dB(A)
Car Queue Leq,d 35.5 21.2 20.9 22.6 27.6 29.1 30.6 26.9 18.3 10.0 Speaker Leq,d 39.3 31.0 31.3 23.4 18.3 9.5 20.6 21.4 12.0 4.4 Receiver 2 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 27.4 dB(A)
Car Queue Leq,d 25.7 11.5 11.0 10.9 16.4 19.7 21.4 17.3 7.3 -4.3 Speaker Leq,d 22.5 14.4 13.8 2.1 -0.5 -5.6 5.8 5.9 -7.1 -25.6 Receiver 3 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 25.0 dB(A)
Car Queue Leq,d 21.0 7.4 6.5 4.9 10.7 15.1 17.0 12.6 1.3 -14.3 Speaker Leq,d 22.8 13.3 11.8 0.0 -7.0 -16.8 -8.9 -9.7 -23.1 Receiver 4 Fl G Lr,lim dB(A) Leq,d 27.1 dB(A)
Car Queue Leq,d 23.8 10.5 9.9 9.3 14.4 17.6 19.3 15.3 5.4 -6.7 Speaker Leq,d 24.4 13.4 12.2 0.8 -5.6 -14.5 -6.2 -7.0 -20.7 SoundPLAN 8.2
Advanced Acoustics 663 Bristol Ave Simi Valley, CA 93065-5402 USA 1

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Appendix C:

Referenced Drive Thru Noise Level

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/18/2/19/i255/21/22/23/19/4/1/7/i255 /24/25/26/27/28/27/24/27/29/28/24/29 /30/31/6/4/i255/32/33/33/1/4/34/34/35/36/2/5/37/38/2/39/7/i255/27/24/29/40/29/i255/41/42/i255/43/44/44/45/46/47/15/12/10/i255/48/47/11/49 /50/37/6/4/7 /i255/24/51/52/24/26/52/27/24/27/29
/53/31/4/54/33/i255/55/4/5/56/35/57/39/58/31/39/4/4/1/7/i255/48/47/13/17/15/12/i255/59/17/11/15/45/47/60 /30/2/22/1/5/4/35/30/61/34/6/4/23/7 /i255/62/15/63/64/17/i255/65/10/15/14/i255/41/66/17/11/67/17/15/i255/59/10/47/60/17 /i255
/68/4/39/4/1/37/54/i255/36/2/5/37/38/2/39/7/i255 /51/28/69/17/17/12 /30/2/22/39/33/i255/70/4/6/4/1/7 /i255/71/65/63/i255 /30/21/7/i255/72/27/72/28/29/73/29/73/74/28/43/24 /30/4/75/39/58/34/7 /i255/72/28/46/17/63/16/10/12/17/49/76/i255/41/44/47/46/76/i255/29/28/45/17/77/76/i255/29/24/28/45/17/77/i255/49/14/15/11/78/47/60 /70/4/6/4/2/1/2/54/2/58/31/5/37/54/i255/79/2/39/33/80/7/i255/81/44/17/11/15/i255/41/67/63/17/45/76/i255/73/24/i255/49/17/16/15/17/17/45 /55/37/19/54/4/i255/82/7/i255/30/22/23/23/37/1/61/i255/70/4/37/34/22/1/4/23/4/39/6/i255/50/37/6/37 /53/31/58/22/1/4/i255/82/7
/32/5/2/22/34/38/5/i255/30/83/4/5/6/1/22/23/i255/84/i255/50/1/31/85/4/i255/55/56/1/22/i255/30/83/4/37/86/4/1/i255/0/56/2/39/4 /30/31/6/4/i255/87/19/34/4/1/85/37/38/2/39/34/7/i255 /i255 /51/28/69/17/17/12/i255/69/15/47/88/i255/49/15/63/64/17/28/12/10/15/14/i255/45/66/17/11/67/17/15/66/10/47/60/17 /36/4/89/36/23/31/39/36/23/37/90
/73/27/42/29/40/73/42/40/73/73/42/91
/36/39/i255/92/36/39/i255/93/36/39/i255/82/94/36/39/i255/93/94/36/39/i255/95/94/36/39/i255/95/95 /24/42/24 /73/91/42/24/73/73/42/27/40/91/42/40/40/40/42/25 /24/42/24 /30/2/22/1/5/4/35/30/61/34/6/4/23 /87/85/4/1/37/54/54/i255/30/2/22/1/5/4 /87/85/4/1/37/54/54/i255 /33/96/97/32/98
/99/1/33/i255/87/5/6/37/85/4/i255/96/37/39/33/i255/50/37/6/37/i255/97/33/96/32/98 /92/94/92/93/99/82/80/93/100/94/93/94/101/99/102/94/82/94/94/82/92/93/82/101/94/92/94/94/92/93/94/99/82/93/100/94/94/93/94/94/101/99/94/102/94/94/82/86/82/92/80/93/86/82/80/101/86/92/86/92/80/93/86/99/80/82/93/86/100/86/93/86/101/80/99/86/102/86/82/94/86/82/92/80/93/86/82/101/86/92/94/86 /62/15/63/64/17/i255/65/10/15/14/i255/41/66/17/11/67/17/15/i255/59/10/47/60/17 /62/15/63/64/17/i255/65/10/15/14/i255/41/66/17/11 /73/27/42/29 /74/42/27/25/42/25/26/42/26/29/40/42/40/29/91/42/24/27/26/42/91/51/29/42/27/51/24/42/24/51/73/42/27/51/91/42/27/74/29/42/27/74/24/42/25/74/40/42/40/74/73/42/25/40/24/42/25/40/29/42/26/40/51/42/26/40/40/42/26/40/27/42/91/40/27/42/25/74/91/42/73/74/91/42/24/74/40/42/73/74/73/42/51/51/40/42/24/51/91/42/51/51/51/42/40/51/27/42/25/51/29/42/29/51/24/42/24/27/26/42/24 /103/104/105/104/106/107/108/103/109/103/109/104/109/104/104/108/110/103/110/105/110/111/110/108/106/110 /112/113/114/115/i255/117/118/119/120
/104
/108/104
/103/104
/107/104
/105/104
/109/104
/106/104
/121/122/123/124/125/i255/126/113/114/127/127/123/113/114/i255/128/114/129/114/130/131/i255/125/132/133

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Appendix D
Cultural Resource Investigation

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CULTURAL RESOURCE INVESTIGATION IN SUPPORT
OF THE WENDY’S RESTAURANT PROJECT, CITY

OF INDIO, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA

08/31/2022

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CULTURAL RESOURCE INVESTIGATION IN SUPPORT OF THE
WENDY’S RESTAURANT PROJECT, CITY OF INDIO,

RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
Prepared by:

Roberta Thomas, M.A., RPA
Justin Castells, M.A.

Joy Vyhmeister, M.A., RPA

Prepared for:

The Altum Group

Technical Report No. 22-456

PaleoWest, LLC
517 S. Ivy Avenue
Monrovia, California 91016
(626) 408-8006

August 31, 2022

Keywords: CEQA; City of Indio; Coachella Valley; Riverside County; 81703 CA-111, historic period commercial building; 81711 CA-111, historic period commercial building

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Cultural Resource Investigation in Support of the Wendy’s Restaurant Project, City of Indio, Riverside County, California | i

MANAGEMENT SUMMARY
PaleoWest, LLC (PaleoWest) was contracted by The Altum Group to conduct a Phase I cultural resource assessment for the proposed Wendy’s Restaurant Project (Project). The Project involves the development of a restaurant complex composed of a 3500 square foot (ft2) drive thru building, a 12-car queue, and a parking lot with up to 32 parking spaces on a 2.65-acre parcel in the city of Indio, Riverside County, California. PaleoWest initiated a cultural resource assessment of the proposed Project area in 2020. Since that time, development plans for the property have changed; however, the Project area has not been altered. The Project requires compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA); the City of Indio (City) is the Lead Agency for the purposes of the CEQA.

This report summarizes the methods and results of the cultural resource investigation of the Project area. The investigation included background research, communication with the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) and interested Native American tribal groups, a site visit of the Project area, and resource documentation and evaluation. The purpose of the investigation was to determine the potential for the Project to impact archaeological and historical resources under CEQA.

As part of the background research, PaleoWest requested a literature review and records search from the Eastern Information Center (EIC), housed at the University of California, Riverside. The records search indicated that 33 previous studies have been conducted within one mile (mi) of the Project area. In addition, 39 historic period resources been recorded within one mile of the Project area. These resources include 5 prehistoric archaeological sites, 3 multicomponent archaeological sites, 23 historic period built-environment resources, and 9 prehistoric isolated artifacts. None of these previously recorded resources were identified within the Project area.

As part of the cultural resource assessment of the Project area, PaleoWest also requested a search of the Sacred Lands File (SLF) from the NAHC. Results of the SLF search indicate that there are no known Native American cultural resources within the immediate Project area. The NAHC suggested contacting 18 individuals representing 12 Native American tribal groups to find out if they have additional information about the Project area. The 12 recommended tribal groups were contacted. To date, six responses have been received .

PaleoWest conducted a site visit of the proposed Project area on November 17, 2020. No prehistoric or historic period archaeological resources were identified as a result of the site visit.

Two historic period built-environment resources, both of which consist of commercial buildings, were documented at 81703 and 81711 CA-111. An evaluation for historical significance indicates that neither building is eligible for the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR). Therefore, 81703 and 81711 CA-111 are not considered historical resources for the purposes of CEQA and no further cultural resource management is recommended for these resources.

Despite the developed nature of the Project area and general surroundings, the Project area is moderately to highly sensitive for buried archaeological resources. Based on these findings, archaeological monitoring would be recommended for ground disturbing activities associated with development of the Project area at depths extending into undisturbed sediments.

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In the event that potentially significant cultural resources are encountered during construction activities associated with the Project, a qualified archaeologist shall be obtained to assess the significance of the find in accordance with the criteria set forth in the CRHR. In addition, Health and Safety Code 7050.5, CEQA 15064.5(e), and Public Resources Code 5097.98 mandate the process to be followed in the unlikely event of an accidental discovery of any human remains in a location other than a dedicated cemetery.

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CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 PROJECT LOCATION ......................................................................................... 1

1.2 REPORT ORGANIZATION ................................................................................. 1 2 REGULATORY CONTEXT ..................................................................................................... 4

2.1 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT ............................................... 4

2.2 CALIFORNIA ASSEMBLY BILL 52 ..................................................................... 4

2.3 CITY OF INDIO GENERAL PLAN GOALS AND POLICIES ................................ 5

2.3.1 CE-8 Policies ............................................................................................ 5 3 SETTING ................................................................................................................................. 5

3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ............................................................................. 5

3.1.1 Lake Cahuilla ........................................................................................... 6

3.2 PREHISTORIC SETTING .................................................................................... 7

3.2.1 Late Prehistoric Period ............................................................................. 7

3.3 ETHNOHISTORIC SETTING .............................................................................. 8

3.4 HISTORICAL SETTING ....................................................................................... 8

3.4.1 Indio ......................................................................................................... 9 4 CULTURAL RESOURCE INVENTORY ............................................................................... 10

4.1 PREVIOUS CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS ............................. 10

4.2 CULTURAL RESOURCES REPORTED WITHIN ONE MILE OF THE PROJECT AREA ................................................................................................................ 13

4.3 ADDITIONAL SOURCES .................................................................................. 15

4.4 NATIVE AMERICAN COORDINATION ............................................................. 15 5 FIELD INVESTIGATION ....................................................................................................... 16

5.1 FIELD METHODS .............................................................................................. 16

5.2 FIELD RESULTS ............................................................................................... 17

5.2.1 Historic Period Built-Environment Resources ........................................ 17 6 MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................. 22 7 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................... 23

FIGURES
Figure 1-1. Project vicinity map. .................................................................................................... 2 Figure 1-2. Project location map. .................................................................................................. 3 Figure 5-1. Project resources map. ............................................................................................. 18 Figure 5-2 81703 CA-111, north and west elevations, facing southeast .................................... 19 Figure 5-3 81711 CA-111, south elevation, facing northeast ...................................................... 21

TABLES
Table 4-1. Previous Cultural Investigations within the Project Study Area ................................. 11 Table 4-2. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources within the Project Study Area ................... 13

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APPENDICES
Appendix A. Native American Coordination
Appendix B. DPR Forms

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Cultural Resource Investigation in Support of the Wendy’s Restaurant Project, City of Indio, Riverside County, California | 1
1 INTRODUCTION
PaleoWest, LLC (PaleoWest) was contracted by The Altum Group to conduct a Phase I cultural resource assessment for the proposed Wendy’s Restaurant Project (Project). The Project involves the development of a restaurant complex composed of a 3500 square foot (ft2) Wendy’s drive thru building, a 12-car queue, and a parking lot with up to 32 parking spaces on a

2.65-acre parcel in the city of Indio, Riverside County, California. PaleoWest initiated a cultural resource assessment of the proposed Project area in 2020. Since that time, development plans for the property have changed; however, the Project area has not been altered. The Project requires compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA); the City of Indio (City) is the Lead Agency for the purposes of the CEQA.

The cultural resource assessment included a literature review and records search from the Eastern Information Center (EIC), a Sacred Lands File (SLF) search and Native American outreach, a pedestrian survey of the proposed Project area, and documentation and evaluation of two built-environment resources within the Project area. This report summarizes the findings of the study and present recommendations for the management of cultural resources.

1.1 PROJECT LOCATION
The Project area is at 81703 and 81711 State Highway 111 (CA-111) between Clinton Street and Monroe Street in the south-central extent of the city (Figures 1-1 and 1-2). The Project site encompasses Assessor’s Parcel Number (APN) 616-101-003 and totals 2.65 acres. As shown in Figure 1-2, the Project area is within Section 27, Township 5 South, Range 7 East, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian (SBBM), as depicted on the Indio, CA 7.5' U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic quadrangle. The elevation of the Project area is approximately 5 ft above mean sea level (amsl).

The proposed Project involves the demolition of two existing buildings and construction of a new Wendy’s drive thru restaurant. The restaurant complex would consist of a 3500 ft2 drive thru building, a 12-car queue, and a parking lot with up to 32 parking spaces.

1.2 REPORT ORGANIZATION
This report documents the results of a cultural resource investigation conducted for the proposed Project. Chapter 1 has introduced the project location and description. Chapter 2 states the regulatory context that should be considered for the Project. Chapter 3 synthesizes the natural and cultural setting of the Project area and surrounding region. The results of the previous cultural investigations and the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) SLF, and a summary of the Native American communications is presented in Chapter 4. The field methods employed during this investigation, findings, and resource evaluations are outlined in Chapter 5 with management recommendation provided in Chapter 6. This is followed by bibliographic references and appendices.

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Project Area
N
Project
Location
Service Layer Credits: Sources: Esri, HERE, Garmin, USGS, Intermap, INCREMENT P, NRCan, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), Esri Korea, Esri (Thailand), NGCC, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community Figure 1-1
Project Vicinity Map
USGS 7.5' Quadrangle:

Indio. CA (1977)
T5S R7E; Sec 27
NAD 83 UTM Zone 11
0 30
Miles0 40
Kilometers
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Location
Service Layer Credits: Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed Project Area
Figure 1-2
Project Location Map
USGS 7.5' Quadrangle:

Indio. CA (1977)
T5S R7E; Sec 27
NAD 83 UTM Zone 11
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2 REGULATORY CONTEXT

2.1 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT
The proposed Project is subject to compliance with CEQA, as amended. Compliance with CEQA statutes and guidelines requires both public and private projects with financing or approval from a public agency to assess the project’s impact on cultural resources (Public Resources Code Section 21082, 21083.2 and 21084 and California Code of Regulations 10564.5). The first step in the process is to identify cultural resources that may be impacted by the project and then determine whether the resources are “historically significant” resources.

CEQA defines historically significant resources as “resources listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR)” (Public Resources Code Section 5024.1). A cultural resource may be considered historically significant if the resource is 45 years old or older, possesses integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association, and meets any of the following criteria for listing on the CRHR:

1. Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage;

2. Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past;

3. Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values; or,

4. Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history (Public Resources Code Section 5024.1).

Cultural resources are buildings, sites, humanly modified landscapes, traditional cultural properties, structures, or objects that may have historical, architectural, cultural, or scientific importance. CEQA states that if a project will have a significant impact on important cultural resources, deemed “historically significant,” then project alternatives and mitigation measures must be considered.

2.2 CALIFORNIA ASSEMBLY BILL 52
Signed into law in September 2014, California Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52) created a new class of resources – tribal cultural resources (TCRs) – for consideration under CEQA. TCRs may include sites, features, places, cultural landscapes, sacred places, or objects with cultural value to a California Native American tribe that are listed or determined to be eligible for listing in the CRHR, included in a local register of historical resources, or a resource determined by the lead CEQA agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant and eligible for listing on the CRHR. AB 52 requires that the lead CEQA agency consult with California Native American tribes that have requested consultation for projects that may affect tribal cultural resources. The lead CEQA agency shall begin consultation with participating Native American tribes prior to the release of a negative declaration, mitigated negative declaration, or environmental impact report. Under AB 52, a project that has potential to cause a substantial adverse change to a tribal cultural resource constitutes a significant effect on the environment unless mitigation reduces such effects to a less than significant level.

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2.3 CITY OF INDIO GENERAL PLAN GOALS AND POLICIES
“The preservation of significant cultural and historic resources serves to strengthen community identity and provides educational opportunities” (City of Indio 2020). The Conservation Element (CE) included in the City of Indio’s General Plan 2040 promotes the preservation and maintenance of significant cultural and paleontological resources. Goal CE-8 was specifically included for the preservation of historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources because of their scientific, educational, aesthetic, and cultural values. The following policies are outlined in the General Plan to help achieve that goal.

2.3.1 CE-8 Policies
CE-8.1 Site plan review. Ensure adequate site plan review and mitigation measures are implemented for the development of sites with the potential to contain historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources.

CE-8.2 Avoidance of impacts to historic resources. For projects that could affect historic resources, ensure adequate study to identify eligible resources and project-level review to avoid or lessen negative impacts through conformance with the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties.

CE-8.3 Incentivize retention of historic landmarks. Explore opportunities to provide economic and regulatory incentives for the retention and sensitive upgrades and changes to historic landmarks and contributors to designated historic districts.

CE-8.4 Monitoring. Require monitoring on sites where grading has the potential to impact subsurface cultural and paleontological resources during excavation and construction activities.

CE-8.5 Public Education. Support opportunities to promote public awareness of the history and prehistory of the area as the oldest Valley City and the cultural center of the Coachella Valley.

CE-8.6 Coordination with local tribes. Periodically meet with representatives from local tribes to: Obtain input prior to making decisions, taking actions, or implementing programs/projects that may impact cultural resources; Discuss methods to preserve and protect highly sensitive cultural resources; and Ensure that there is agreement regarding the protocol to be followed when cultural resources are discovered.
3 SETTING
This section of the report summarizes information regarding the physical and cultural setting of the Project area, including the prehistoric, ethnographic, and historic contexts of the general area. Several factors, including topography, available water sources, and biological resources, affect the nature and distribution of prehistoric, ethnographic, and historic-period human activities in an area. This background provides a context for understanding the nature of the cultural resources that may be identified within the region.

3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
The Project area is situated east of the Peninsular Ranges in the southern extent of the Coachella Valley at the western edge of the Colorado Desert. The Coachella Valley is bordered

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by the San Jacinto and Santa Rosa mountains (part of the Peninsular Ranges) to the southwest and by the low, rolling Indio and Mecca hills to the northeast. From the steep slopes of the San Jacinto Mountains, the desert floor descends suddenly at less than 3 kilometers (2 miles) eastward to sea level in the city of Indio, where the Project area is located.

South of the Project area, elevations gradually drop to 90 meters (300 feet) bmsl at the Salton Sea Basin. This basin has filled periodically throughout the Pleistocene and Holocene when the Colorado River shifted its course near its mouth at the Gulf of California, flowing north into the basin, and forming a large freshwater lake commonly known as Lake Cahuilla. A major water source flowing through the central valley is the Whitewater River. The river drained the southern slope of the San Bernardino Mountains for thousands of years (Laflin 2001), prior to the development of the Coachella Valley, flowing in a generally south-southeast direction 80.5 kilometers (50 miles) toward the Salton Sea. The Whitewater River was likely the largest perennial stream that entered the Salton Basin during prehistoric times, replenishing the underground aquifer during nonlacustrine intervals. The Whitewater River Storm Channel runs along the western boundary of the Project area.

Prior to the mid-1900s, the climate of the Project region was characterized by low relative humidity, very low rainfall, high summer temperatures of up to 52° C (125° F), and mild winters.

Since the 1950s, the relative humidity in the area has risen gradually as more and more golf courses have been built and maintained in the Coachella Valley. High winds are common and are accompanied by blowing sand and dust during the spring and late fall. Within the desert areas surrounding the Project area, the average annual rainfall is as sparse as 6 centimeters (2.5 inches) per year and occurs primarily during the winter months. The Project area is situated within an area identified by Bean and Saubel (1972) as a Lower Sonoran life zone. The Lower Sonoran life zone is characterized by low rainfall, fine-textured alluvial to sandy soils, and xerophytic plant communities.

3.1.1 Lake Cahuilla
Arguably the most important environmental change in the Colorado Desert in the past 2,000 years was the formation of Lake Cahuilla. In response to the western diversion of the Colorado River in the Salton Trough, Lake Cahuilla filled and shrank numerous times throughout the Pleistocene and Holocene. The lake would fill until the water reached an altitude of 12 m (40 feet), the minimum crest of the delta at Cerro Prieto, where overflow would spill into the Gulf of California (Waters 1983:374). Wilke (1976) calculated that it would take roughly 12 to 20 years of receiving the entire flow of the Colorado River to fill Lake Cahuilla to an altitude of 12 m (40 feet). Alternatively, Wilke (1976) also determined that approximately 60 years would be required to completely dry out the lake without input from the Colorado River.

Utilizing radiocarbon assays, historical accounts and evidence, and cross dating of artifacts found along the former Lake Cahuilla shoreline, researchers have posited five lacustrine intervals in the Salton Basin representing an unknown number of stands of Lake Cahuilla during the past 2,000 years (Wilke 1976, Waters 1983, Cleland 1998, Laylander 1994, and Schaefer 1986). The first and earliest of these events has been dated to A.D. 700–890, followed by a gradual, but complete, drought of the lake at about A.D. 950. The second interval began shortly after A.D. 950, peaking at approximately A.D. 965–1150; followed by another gradual, but complete, desiccation of the lake at A.D. 1210. The third interval began shortly after A.D. 1210, peaking between A.D. 1225 and 1360. The third interval was followed by a gradual, but not

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complete desiccation of the lake by A.D. 1450; the lake remained approximately 50 m (165 feet) deep at this time. The fourth interval lasted between A.D. 1450–1520, desiccating again by A.D. 1580. The fifth, more recent lacustrine interval of Lake Cahuilla occurred during the Spanish explorations of the region between 1540 and 1775 (Cleland 1998:13).

Recent paleoclimatic research indicates that a Medieval Warm climatic anomaly was registered throughout Far West North American between circa 1,060 and 575 cal B.P. (Graumlich 1993; Spaulding 2001; Stine 1994). Researchers believe the Medieval Warm would have restricted prehistoric occupation in the Southern California deserts to a few suitable water sources such as the Colorado River and Lake Cahuilla. High stands of Lake Cahuilla, whose source is not directly affected by climatic conditions, are in fact registered during the Medieval Warm, suggesting that the area was likely highly favorable for prehistoric occupation.

3.2 PREHISTORIC SETTING
Native American occupation of the Colorado Desert is typically divided into five cultural periods:

San Dieguito (ca. 12,000–7,000 years B.P.; Pinto (ca. 7,000–4,000 B.P.); Amargosa (ca. 4,000– 1,200 B.P.); and the Late Prehistoric Period (ca. 1,200–200 B.P.). These cultural periods exclude the controversial “Early Man” pre-projectile point materials from Calico. The prehistoric cultural setting discussed below begins at the Late Prehistoric period based on the archival research conducted for the study area.

3.2.1 Late Prehistoric Period
The Late Prehistoric period in the Colorado Desert is marked by the introduction of new artifact types and technological innovations of the previous Amargosa Period of the Late Archaic and defined as the Patayan Pattern (Cleland 1998; CSRI 1986; Schaefer 1994, 1995). This period is characterized by the introduction of ceramics, including Tizon Brown Ware from the Peninsular Ranges, Colorado Buff Wares from the Colorado River region, and the Salton Buff Ware from the Lake Cahuilla shoreline (Schaefer 1995; Waters 1982). New projectile point types, including Desert Side-notched and Cottonwood Triangular points, signify the introduction of the bow and arrow hunting technology, marking a pre-ceramic phase of the expansion of the earlier Amargosa assemblages perhaps as early as 1,500 B.P. Techniques of floodplain horticulture were also introduced to the inhabitants along the Colorado River at the same time as ceramics.

Additionally, burial practices changed from extended inhumations to cremated remains, sometimes buried in ceramic vessels. Typical of the Hohokam culture from southern Arizona, these traits were introduced to the Colorado River inhabitants and gradually spread west to the Peninsular Ranges and Coastal Plains of Southern California.

The Patayan Pattern is typified by several differing settlement and subsistence systems (Schaefer 1995). Dispersed seasonal settlements, known as rancherias, were found along the Colorado River. These settlements were composed of jacal (i.e., adobe style) structures, semi- subterranean pit houses, ramadas, or brush huts, depending on the season and types of settlement. Larger rancherias would disperse to upper terraces of the Colorado River and to special collection areas during the summer months, coinciding with the flood phase of the river, returning to the lower terraces for plant harvesting. At the eastern base of the Peninsular Ranges, the settlement pattern was typified by dispersed rancherias or villages situated at the mouths of canyons supporting perennial streams, at the base of alluvial fans near springs, or down on the valley floor where a shallow water table allowed wells to be dug (e.g., at Indian

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Wells). In addition to these sites, specialized sites were located in all of the micro- environmental zones that were exploited seasonally. Archaeologically, these specialized sites can range in characteristics from bedrock milling features and pot-drops along trails; to chipping stations and quarries; to temporary camps containing bone, shell, ceramics, flaked and ground stone tools; and ornamental items such as beads and pendants, as well as other occupational debris.

3.3 ETHNOHISTORIC SETTING
The Cahuilla have been studied extensively by Dr. Lowell Bean and much of the following discussion is derived from Bean’s description of the Cahuilla in Volume 8 of the Handbook of North American Indians (Bean 1978:575–587).

The Cahuilla belong to nonpolitical, nonterritorial patrimoieties that governed marriage patterns as well as patrilineal clans and lineages. Each clan, “political-ritual-corporate units” composed of 3 to 10 lineages, owned a large territory in which each lineage owned a village site with specific resource areas. Clan lineages cooperated in defense, in large communal subsistence activities, and in performing rituals. Clans were apt to own land in the valley, foothill, and mountain areas, providing them with the resources of many different ecological niches.

In prehistoric times Cahuilla shelters are believed to have been dome shaped; after contact they tended to be rectangular in shape. Cahuilla shelters were often made of brush, palm fronds, or arrowweed. Most of the Cahuilla domestic activities were performed outside the shelters within the shade of large, expansive ramadas.

The Cahuilla were, for the most part, hunting, collecting, harvesting, and protoagricultural peoples. As in most of California, acorns were a major staple, but the roots, leaves, seeds, and fruit of many other plants also were used. Fish, birds, insects, and large and small mammals were also available.

To gather and prepare these food resources, the Cahuilla had an extensive inventory of equipment including bows and arrows, traps, nets, disguises, blinds, spears, hooks and lines, poles for shaking down pine nuts and acorns, cactus pickers, seed beaters, digging sticks and weights, and pry bars. In addition, the Cahuilla also had an extensive inventory of food processing equipment including hammers and anvils, mortars and pestles, manos and metates, winnowing shells and baskets, strainers, leaching baskets and bowls, knives (made of stone, bone, wood, and carrizo cane), bone saws, and drying racks made of wooden poles to dry fish.

Mountain tops, unusual rock formations, springs, and streams are held sacred to the Cahuilla as are rock art sites and burial and cremation sites. In addition, various birds are revered as sacred beings of great power and sometimes were killed ritually and mourned in mortuary ceremonies similar to those for important individuals. As such, bird cremation sites are considered sacred by the Cahuilla.

3.4 HISTORICAL SETTING
The history of the California desert region has been reviewed in detail by von Till Warren et al. (1981:85–105). A very brief summary of historical events in the Project area is provided below.

Prior to 1820, very little is known about historic developments in the Coachella Valley. In the early 1850s, the Maricopa-Bradshaw route was established to serve the mining camps

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developing near La Paz, Arizona (von Till Warren et al. 1981:85). The Maricopa-Bradshaw route paralleled the old Cocomaricopa Trail, an Indian trail that began east of Blythe and roughly followed the present route of Interstate 10 across the Chuckwalla Valley, traversing the Mecca- Indio area and Coachella Valley to the San Gorgonio Pass. During this time, the U.S.

Government was strongly promoting the establishment of a railroad route to connect the east and west coasts; however, it was not until 1877 that the Southern Pacific Railroad transected the western Colorado Desert. This railroad route connected the San Gorgonio Pass to the town of Yuma, Arizona via the eastern shore of the Salton Sea. In 1876, Southern Pacific established a railroad station at a remote desert location and named it after the nearby Indian wells. Within 3 years, the name was changed to Indio, the Spanish word for Indian (Gudde 1998:177).

Management of the desert lands was largely the responsibility of the General Land Office, and later the Department of Agriculture Grazing Administration. Until the passage of the Taylor Grazing Act of 1934, however, no control was exercised over the California desert lands.

Because of the extremely arid nature of the California deserts, this act had virtually no impact on the region; not until the responsibility for managing the desert came under control of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in 1946 were the first attempts made at range management. Since that time, the BLM also has been engaged in evaluating lands for their “uses,” and classifying them for different types of management (von Till Warren et al. 1981:95).

The paucity of water in many areas of the Colorado Desert discouraged farming, and agricultural development only flourished when water could be imported in significant quantities.

Because of the relatively high water table in the Coachella Valley, however, the agricultural industry began to develop prior to the importation of water by means of drilling artesian wells.

Beginning in the first decade of the twentieth century, Coachella Valley farmers planted extensive date, fig, and grape acreage. Towns that developed with the agricultural growth include Thermal, Mecca, Indio, and Coachella. Because of the extensive farming efforts, the water table in the Coachella Valley was seriously depleted, stimulating the formation of the Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD) to promote conservation and replenish the groundwater basin.

3.4.1 Indio
The community of Indio was established as an important hub for the Southern Pacific.

Passenger trains stopped 12 times a day with freight trains stopping 24 times a day to change crews. The Southern Pacific also established extensive repair shops, a hotel, and other amenities for its 215 workers such as a restaurant and clubhouse (McGroarty 1914:155).

Another important early industry in Indio was date farming. The U.S. government established an experiment station in Indio for the purposes of creating new varieties of dates and also of testing the viability of those new strains in a desert environment (Brown and Body 1922:588).

Early in its history, Indio was touted as a health resort for those suffering from breathing disorders such as tuberculosis or asthma. Today, Indio—the self-styled “Date capital of America”—“is the ranking commercial, governmental, farming, travel, and shipping center in the Coachella Valley” (Peters et al. 1999:92).

As with much of Southern California, Indio experienced rapid population growth and a housing and construction boom during the pot-World War II period. Agricultural lands and open spaces were redeveloped as residential tracts, expanded commercial corridors, and new highways and

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roads. Between 1940 and 1950, Indio’s population expanded by 77 percent, from 2,985 to 5,281. Much of this growth was driven by a variety of infrastructure improvements, which supported increased residential and tourism related development. State- and nation-wide highway building campaigns propelled new settlement, as improved transportation corridors made communities like Indio more attractive (and feasible) for new settlers and tourists. This, in turn, inspired businesses to capitalize on the new automobile-related travel and tourism, as hotels flourished along the new interstate lines, often with an eye toward promoting the exoticism and Middle Eastern flavor of Indio and the Coachella Valley (Carmack et al 2019).

In the late 1950s Interstate 10 was completed which directly placed Indio on the most expedient route between Los Angeles to the west and Phoenix, Arizona to the east. Residential development during the decades after World War II was consistent with that experienced in other parts of the Coachella Valley and Southern California. It included construction of residential tracts with homes designed in a variety of the popular Mid-Century Modern architectural styles of the day. Many of these spread into the land just west of the historic city center (Carmack et al 2019).

The completion of the Interstate 10 opened up Indio and neighboring desert towns for increased tourism and settlement; its construction also meant extensive demolition throughout the historic core of downtown. The City correspondingly grew outward rapidly in the post-war period. By 1972, the agricultural land between Indio Boulevard and Interstate 10 gave way to new subdivisions, and the city also expanded south of Highway 111 and west of Monroe Street. Following residential development in Indio were commercial enterprises and facilities catering to the growing tourism industry in the Coachella Valley. Commercial development during the post-World War II era followed many of the same patterns of residential construction; it was primarily based in those areas near or west of the city center and consisted of buildings designed in popular Mid-Century Modern architectural styles. Other tourism-related development included the construction of new golf courses and hotels, which were further supported by ongoing efforts to provide the Coachella Valley with additional water supplies (Carmack et al 2019).
4 CULTURAL RESOURCE INVENTORY
On July 6, 2022, a literature review and records search was requested from the EIC, housed at the University of California, Riverside. This inventory effort included the Project area and a 1-mi radius around the Project area, collectively termed the Project study area. The objective of the records search was to identify prehistoric or historical cultural resources that have been previously recorded within the study area during prior cultural resource investigations.

As part of the cultural resources inventory, PaleoWest staff also examined historical maps and aerial images to characterize the developmental history of the Project area and surrounding area. A summary of the results of the record search and background research are provided below.

4.1 PREVIOUS CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS
The records search results indicate that no fewer than 33 previous investigations have been conducted and documented within the Project study area since 1976 (Table 4-1). Two studies

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(RI-09547 and RI-10434) overlapped the western portion of the Project area. These previous cultural resources studies inventoried approximately 5 percent of the Project area.

Table 4-1. Previous Cultural Investigations within the Project Study Area Report
No. Year Author(s) Title
RI-00981 2000 Love, Bruce Archaeological Monitoring Report, Desert Shores Motor Coach Resort, City of Indio, Riverside County, California
RI-01101 1980 Berryman, Stanley Results of an Archaeological Survey of the Indian Palms Country Club, Indio, California
RI-01318 1976 Berryman, Stanley R. Archaeological Investigation, City of Indio RI-02724 1990 White, Robert S. An Archaeological Assessment of a 16 +/- Acre Parcel as Shown on PM 19884, Located Adjacent to Madison Street In Indio, Riverside County RI-03245 1990 Van Horn, David M., Laurie
S. White, and Robert S.

White
Cultural Resources Sensitivity Overview for the Coachella Valley Enterprise Zone
RI-03967 1996 Rosenthal, Jane Historic Resources Compliance Report for Improvements to State Route 111 and Monroe Avenue in the City of Indio, County of Riverside, California
RI-04325 1999 Smith, David M. A Phase I Cultural Resources Inventory for the Desert Shores Motor Coach Resort, City of Indio, Riverside County, California
RI-04356 1999 Lapin, Phillippe Letter Report: Cultural Resource Assessment for Pacific Bell Mobile Services Facility CM 673-04, County of Riverside, California RI-04555 2002 Brock, James Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment for Tract 30426, City of Indio, Riverside County, California
RI-04621 1999 Smith, David M. Phase I Cultural Resources Inventory for the 211-Acre Outdoor Resorts Project, City of Indio, Riverside County, California
RI-04743 2004 Thal, Erika Letter Report: Proposed Cellular Tower Project in Riverside County, California, Site Name/Number: CA-8856B/ South Inyo
RI-05438 2000 Jackson, Adrianna L. Letter Report: Records Search Results for Spring PCS Facility RV40XC711A (Rutherford Site), Riverside County, California RI-05543 2004 Brock, James and Mary
Anne Eaton
Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Tract 305226 (Las Brisa North), City of Indio, Riverside County, California
RI-05562 2003 Parker, Greig and
Christopher Drover
Archaeological Survey for Indio Heritage Park L.P. Parcel No. 608-192-001 and 608-192-002, City of Indio, California
RI-05608 2003 White, Robert S., and
Laura S. White
A Cultural Resource Assessment of a 5.59-Acre Parcel as Shown on TPM 30964, Located Southeast of Highway 111 and the All American Canal, City of Indio, Riverside County
RI-05778 2002 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan,
Marium Dahdul, Josh
Smallwood, and Daniel
Ballester
Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Victoria Palm Villas Project, Northwest Corner of Avenue 49 and Monroe Street, City of Indio, Riverside County, California

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Report
No. Year Author(s) Title
RI-05832 2001 Love, Bruce, Bai Tang,
Harry Quinn, and Marium
Dahdul
Cultural Resources Report, Archaeological Survey and Testing at Marbella Cove (TTM No. 29998), City of Indio, Riverside County, California RI-05913 2002 Love, Bruce, Bai Tang,
Harry Quinn, And Mariam
Dahdul
Cultural Resources Report, Archaeological Survey and Testing at Tentative Tract Map No. 30544, City of Indio, Riverside County, California RI-05917 2002 Love, Bruce, Bai Tang,
Daniel Ballester, and
Mariam Dahdul
Historical Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Madison Ranch Development, APNs 649-270-007, and -008, City of Indio, Riverside County, California
RI-06061 2003 Schaefer, Jerry and
Sinead Ni Ghabhlain
A History and Evaluation of the Coachella Canal, Riverside and Imperial Counties, California
RI-06223 2004 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan,
Josh Smallwood, and
Daniel Ballester
Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report: Proposed Walgreens Store Site, Highway 111 and Madison Street, City of Indio, Riverside County, California
RI-06350 2004 Hogan, Michael, Bai
"Tom" Tang, Josh
Smallwood, Daniel
Ballester, and Matthew
Wetherbee
Cultural Resources Report: Historical/Archaeological Survey and Testing on Assessor's Parcel Number 614-120-008, City of Indio, Riverside County, California
RI-06933 2005 McKenna, Jeanette Letter Report: Nextel Cell Site CA-8856 (South Indio), Riverside County, California
RI-08540 2010 Bai "Tom" Tang and
Michael Hogan
Identification and Evaluation of Historic Properties Indio Water Authority Wastewater Treatment Project Cities of Indio and La Quinta Riverside County, California
RI-08899 2013 – Letter Report: Addendum to the Cultural Resources Assessment for the Public Safety Enterprise Communication (PSEC) Project (MBA 2008a) RI-09542 2016 Sanka, Jennifer M.,
Thomas Baurley, and
Leslie Nay Irish
Cultural Resources Assessment for the Requa Avenue Sewer Interceptor Project, +-107.50 Acre Study Area +- 58 Acre Area of Potential Effects (APE) In the City of Indio, Riverside County, California RI-09547* 2015 Thomas, Roberta, and
Carrie Chasteen
Historical Resources Evaluation Report for the Highway 111 Widening Project City of Indio, Riverside County, California E-FIS STPLN-5275(027) RI-09566 2016 Sanka, Jennifer M., and
Leslie Nay Irish
Cultural Resources Avoidance and Monitoring Plan for the Requa Avenue Sewer Interceptor Project +/- 107.50 Acre Study Area and +/- 58 Acre Area of Potential Effects (APE) in the City of Indio, Riverside County, California
RI-09604 2014 Puckett, Heather R. Cultural Resources Summary for the Proposed Verizon Wireless, Inc., Property at the Downtown Indio Relo 2 Site, 47225 Oasis Street, Indio, Riverside County, California 92201
RI-09607 2014 Puckett, Heather R. Cultural Resources Summary for the Proposed Verizon Wireless, Inc.

Property at the Southview Site, 47783 Monroe Street, Indio, Riverside County, California 92201

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Report
No. Year Author(s) Title
RI-10406 2012 Mirro, Michael Archaeological Sensitivity Model for the Whitewater River Stormwater Channel, Riverside County, California
RI-10434* 2015 Thomas, Roberta, and
Tiffany Clark
Archaeological Survey Report for the Highway 111 Widening Project City of Indio, Riverside County, California E-FIS STPLN-5275(027) RI-10762 2019 Mills, Evan Historic Property Survey Report for the Herbert Hoover Elementary School Pedestrian
*Studies include portions of the Project area.

4.2 CULTURAL RESOURCES REPORTED WITHIN ONE MILE OF

THE PROJECT AREA
The records search indicated that no fewer than 39 cultural resources have been previously documented within the Project study area (Table 4-2). These resources include 5 prehistoric archaeological sites, 3 multicomponent archaeological sites, 23 historic period built- environment resources, and 9 prehistoric isolated artifacts. One of these resources (P-33- 028567), a segment of the historical Highway 111 alignment, is immediately adjacent to the Project area. No previously recorded resources have been mapped within the Project area.

Table 4-2. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources within the Project Study Area Primary No. Trinomial Age Type Description
P-33-005705 CA-RIV-012999 Historical Structure,
Site,
Element
of District
Segment of the Coachella Canal
P-33-008300 – Historical Building 46-161 Madison Street; Hopi House; Pueblo Revival style house
P-33-008314 – Historical Building 82-331 Bliss Avenue; single family home P-33-008316 – Historical Building Arabian Nights Pageant Stage Shop; Five structures in Arabian motif; commercial
P-33-010975 CA-RIV-006635 Prehistoric Site 3 ceramic sherds P-33-010976 CA-RIV-006636 Prehistoric Site 6 ceramic sherds and 2 fragments of fired clay P-33-010977 CA-RIV-006637 Prehistoric Site Ceramic sherd scatter with one pestle fragment, one burned bone, and one piece of FAR
P-33-010996 – Prehistoric Isolate Single clam shell fragment P-33-010997 – Prehistoric Isolate Single pectin shell fragment P-33-010998 – Prehistoric Isolate Single Chione shell fragment P-33-010999 – Prehistoric Isolate Single ceramic sherd
P-33-011000 – Prehistoric Isolate Single pectin shell fragment P-33-011392 CA-RIV-006782H Historical Object Buried 1930s refuse dump

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Primary No. Trinomial Age Type Description
P-33-011413 CA-RIV-
006800/H
Prehistoric,
Historic
Site Ceramic scatter with pestle fragment and several
pieces of sun-colored amethyst glass
P-33-011414 CA-RIV-006801 Prehistoric Site Ceramic scatter with a single flake, and several pieces of sun-colored amethyst glass
P-33-011477 – Historical Building 81-492 Francis Avenue; single family residence P-33-011478 – Historical Building 81-493 Francis Avenue; single family residence P-33-011479 – Historical Building Series of single family residences P-33-011480 – Historical Building 81-351 Miles Avenue; single family residence P-33-011481 – Historical Building 81-363 and 81-365 Miles Avenue; multiple family property
P-33-011482 – Historical Building 81-367 and 81-369 Miles Avenue; multiple family property
P-33-011483 – Historical Building 81-381 Miles Avenue; multiple family property P-33-011484 – Historical Building 81-395 and 81-395 1/2 Miles Avenue; multiple family property
P-33-011485 – Historical Building 81-413 Miles Avenue; single family property P-33-011486 – Historical Building 45-045 Ash Avenue; single family property P-33-011487 – Historical Building 81-465 and 81-465 1/2 Miles Avenue; multiple family property
P-33-011571 – Historical Building 45-040 Birch Avenue; single family property P-33-011572 – Historical Building 81-411 Miles Avenue; single family property P-33-011594 – Prehistoric Isolate Single ceramic sherd
P-33-013773 CA-RIV-007542 Prehistoric Site flaked stone and ceramic scatter with FAR, marine shell, and a cremation (removed)
P-33-015062 – Prehistoric Isolate Single mano; previously recorded as a ceramic scatter P-33-015063 – Prehistoric Site Ceramic scatter
P-33-015065 – Prehistoric Isolate Single ceramic sherd
P-33-015066 – Prehistoric Isolate Fired clay fragment
P-33-024262 CA-RIV-011919 Multicomponent Site Ceramic scatter with fired clay and sun colored amethyst glass fragments
P-33-028564 – Historical Building 80880 Highway 111; Mauna Loa Motel P-33-028565 – Historical Building 80916 Highway 111; Grace Real Estate; 1-3 story commercial building
P-33-028566 – Historical Building 81425 Highway 111; Inland Power Equipment; 1-3 story commercial building
P-33-028567 – Historical Structure Segment of Highway 111

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4.3 ADDITIONAL SOURCES
Additional sources consulted during the cultural resource literature and data review include the National Register of Historic Places, the Office of Historic Preservation Archaeological Determinations of Eligibility, and the Office of Historic Preservation Built Environment Resources Directory (BERD). There are no listed cultural resources recorded within the Project area or within 1 mi of the Project area.

Historical maps consulted include Santa Ana, CA (1947, 1959, and 1965) 60-minute, Indio, CA (1904) 30-minute; Coachella, CA (1941 and 1956) 15-minute; and Indio, CA (1956 and 1972) 7.5- minute USGS quadrangles. Historical aerials from NETROnline dated 1953, 1972, and 1996 were also reviewed. An aerial photograph from 1953 indicates that the area was undeveloped in the early 1950s; however, by 1972, it appears that at least one building was present on the property. Two buildings are present by 1996 and these two buildings are still extant today.

Background research for the Project also included a review of the archaeological sensitivity assessment for the adjacent Highway 111 Widening Project that had been prepared by Applied EarthWorks (Clark 2016). This assessment indicated that this general area is Holocene valley fill, consisting of sands and clays, fluvial and lacustrine sediments (Mirro 2012). The study identifies at least three different soil types—Gilman, Indio, and Coachella—within the vicinity of the Project area. Specifically, the Project area is made up of Gilman soils. Gilman soils, which form in stratified stream deposits, are coarse-loamy soils related to old stream deposits and overbank sediment from the nearby Whitewater River.

Based on the available geological and soil data, the sediments that underlie the Project area likely represent mixed deposits that derive from Lake Cahuilla and the Whitewater River.

Although floodplain deposits associated with the Whitewater River may have buried archaeological remains in the Project area, higher magnitude fluvial processes (e.g., floodplain scours) that occurred prior to channelization could have also destroyed archaeological sites through erosion. Based on these findings, the sensitivity of the Project area is moderate to high for buried archaeological resources in undisturbed sediments.

4.4 NATIVE AMERICAN COORDINATION
PaleoWest contacted the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) on November 17, 2020, for a review of the SLF. The objective of the SLF search was to determine if the NAHC had any knowledge of Native American cultural resources (e.g., traditional use or gathering area, place of religious or sacred activity, etc.) within the immediate vicinity of the Project area.

The NAHC responded on November 23, 2020, stating that the SLF was completed with negative results; however, the NAHC requested that 18 individuals representing 12 Native American tribal groups be contacted to elicit information regarding cultural resource issues related to the proposed Project (Appendix A). PaleoWest sent outreach letters to the 12 recommended tribal groups on November 23, 2020. These letters were followed up by phone calls on December 11, 2020. After the change in development plans, which did not result in changes to the Project area, new letters were sent on July 19, 2022, to update the same 12 Native American tribal groups. Follow-up calls were made to the representatives that had not previously responded to either the initial round of letters and calls or to the updated letters sent out on July 19, 2022.

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To date, six responses have been received. The Quechan Historic Preservation Department sent an email response during initial outreach indicating the Tribe does not wish to comment on the Project and stating they defer to more local tribes.

Ms. Judy Stapp, Director of Cultural Affairs for the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, stated in response to initial outreach that the Tribe has no specific archival information on the Project area to indicate it may be a sacred site or other site of Native American traditional cultural value.

Ms. Victoria Martin, Tribal Secretary for the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Indians, responded to the initial outreach stating that the Tribe is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed Project; however, in the event that any cultural resources are discovered during the development of the Project, the Tribe should be contacted immediately for further evaluation.

The Tribal Administrator for the Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians stated in response to initial outreach that the Tribe will defer to Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians or Twenty-Nine Palms Band of Mission Indians as the Project area is out of their area.

Mr. Joseph Ontiveros, Cultural Resource Department for Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians, stated in response to the initial outreach that the Tribe would defer to the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians for projects in that area.

Ms. Arysa Gonzalez Romero, Cultural Resources Analyst in the Tribal Historic Preservation Office of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians (ACBCI), responded to the second round of letters, indicating that the Project area is not within the boundaries of the ACBCI Reservation, but it is within the Tribe's Traditional Use Area. As such, the Tribe made the following requests:

1. a copy of the records search with associated survey reports and site records from the information center; and

2. copies of any cultural resource documentation (report and site records) generated in connection with this Project.
5 FIELD INVESTIGATION

5.1 FIELD METHODS
A site visit of the Project area was conducted by PaleoWest Archaeologist Dennis McDougall on November 17, 2020. The purpose of the site visit was to observe and note the condition of the Project area including the extent of the hardscape, the overall degree of ground disturbance, and the character and nature of the Project area.

During the field survey, the exteriors of the building(s) within the Project area were photographed and recorded. Any building or structure located on the property that was determined to have been built prior to 1975 or to be potentially eligible for the CRHR was formally evaluated on DPR 523 series forms. DPR forms of recorded resources are included in Appendix B.

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5.2 FIELD RESULTS
The entirety of the property is hardscaped and fully developed with two extant buildings and a paved parking lot (Figure 5-1). No historical or prehistoric archaeological resources were observed during the site visit. However, the two extant commercial buildings (81703 and 81711 CA-111) were documented and evaluated as they were constructed prior to 1975.

5.2.1 Historic Period Built-Environment Resources
The historic period built-environment resources located at 81703 and 81711 CA-111 both lie within APN 616-101-003. Prior to 1953, the property was undeveloped and generally surrounded by agricultural land. Between 1953 and 1972, gradual commercial development occurred in the region, including the construction of 81711 CA-111 in 1966, which coincided with the development of nearby Indio High School (NETROnline 2020). The building at 81703 CA-111 was constructed in 1974 (Riverside County Assessor 2020). While the initial developers of the property were not identified, the two buildings were incorporated into the Town & Country Center, which was developed by former superior court judge Richard Marsh and his wife, Francis Marsh in 1984 (Tan 2009). Detailed descriptions of the two historic period buildings are provided below. An assessment of the historical significance of the buildings is also provided in order to evaluate the eligibility of the resources for listing on the CRHR. 81703 CA-111
81703 CA-111 is a one-story commercial building located adjacent to CA-111 (Figure 5-1). While the Riverside County Assessor officially lists the building’s construction as 1974, newspaper articles indicate that the Desert Valley General Office of the New York Life Insurance Company moved into 81703 CA-111 in 1973 (The Desert Sun 1973). By December of 1978, the building housed the Bank of Indio, which was the first independent bank in the city of Indio (The Desert Sun 1978a 1978b). The Bank of Indio existed as an independent organization until it was acquired by Eldorado Bank in 1982 (Vartabedian 1982). Research has yielded little additional information on other early tenants of the property.

The Spanish Revival style building features a rectangular plan with a low-pitched hipped tile roof (Figure 5-2). The roof extends over all elevations to form a covered walkway supported by wood posts. The eaves feature exposed rafter tails. The building is clad in stucco with regularly spaced wood pilasters. The west elevation features regularly spaced wood pilasters, a bank of vinyl-framed windows, and a vent. The north elevation features a glass commercial door located off-center on the elevation. A sliding vinyl-framed window is located adjacent to the door on the west portion of the elevation. A band of three fixed windows is located adjacent to the entry on the east portion of the elevation. Beneath each window is a smaller, rectangular fixed window along the foundation line. A mullion bisects the center windows. A vinyl-framed sliding window is located on the east portion of the elevation. The central portion of the elevation features diagonal wood paneling. The east elevation features an entrance centered on the elevation with a fixed window that features a smaller, rectangular fixed window beneath it along the foundation line. Diagonal wood paneling is located above the entry and a double-hung sliding window is located adjacent to the entrance. The south elevation features a set of vented double doors above which is a cent located off-center on the elevation. The elevation also features a band of regularly spaced vinyl framed sliding windows.

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N
1:1,200
0 100feet
0 25meters
Project
Location
Service Layer Credits: Source: Esri, Maxar, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User Community Building
Project Area
Figure 5-1
Project Resources
USGS 7.5' Quadrangle:

Indio. CA (1977)
T5S R7E; Sec 27
NAD 83 UTM Zone 11
Cultural Resource Investigation in Support of the Wendy’s Restaurant Project, City of Indio, Riverside County, California | 18

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Figure 5-2 81703 CA-111, north and west elevations, facing southeast California Register of Historical Resources Evaluation
A significance evaluation of 81703 CA-111 suggests that the building does not meet any of the criteria for listing in the CRHR.

Research has yielded no information to suggest that the Bank of Indio was an important institution to the continued development of the city or that it was in any way significant enough to warrant special consideration of historical significance despite the building’s association with the bank having occurred less than 45 years ago. Therefore, 81703 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 1.

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occupied the property, but research has yielded no information to suggest that any persons of historical significance were specifically associated with this building. Therefore, 81703 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 2.

CRHR Criterion 3: 81703 CA-111 does not meet CRHR Criterion 3 for embodying the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, and method of construction, or as the work of an important creative individual, or as having high artistic value. The building is a common and unremarkable example of Spanish Revival style architecture. It is nearly indistinguishable from other buildings of that style constructed during the latter half of the 20th century. While the architects and builders of the building were not identified, it is unlikely that the building represents the work of a master. Therefore, 81703 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 3.

CRHR Criterion 4: 81703 CA-111 does not meet CRHR Criterion 4 since it is unlikely to yield information important to prehistory or history. It is unlikely that this property has the potential to broaden our understanding of 20th century building construction or commercial development, or to the history of Indio, California, or the United States. Therefore, 81703 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 4.
81711 CA-111
81711 CA-111 is a two-story commercial building constructed in 1966 (Figures 5-1). In 1969, the building was the location of one of three regional senatorial offices of then Senator Gordon Cologne (The Desert Sun 1969a). The building also housed the law offices of Dillon, Moore, Boyd & Robinson (The Desert Sun 1969b). Attorney J. John Anderholt was a tenant of the building in 1972 (The Times Advocate 1972) and by 1975, he had entered into the partnership of Erwin, Anderholt & Scherotter which
The two-story Spanish Revival style building features a rectangular plan with a low-pitched hipped Spanish tile roof (Figure 5-3). The roof extends over all elevations to form a covered walkway supported by wood posts on the second floor. The second floor walkway also features metal railings. The eaves feature exposed rafters. The second-floor walkway forms a covered walkway on all elevations of the first floor that is supported by wood posts and features exposed rafters. The building is clad in stucco with regularly spaced wood pilasters.

The north elevation features regularly spaced fixed vinyl framed windows and entry doors on the first floor of the elevation. A stucco clad elevator enclosure is located off-center on the elevation and extends from the first floor to the second floor. The wall opposite the enclosure features tile. Decorative tile is also featured on the west corner of the first floor of the elevation. The second floor of the north elevation features regularly spaced fixed vinyl framed windows and entry doors. The west elevation features an exterior single landing staircase that connects the first floor to the second floor. The staircase features a screen wall with tile on the first and second floors. The first floor of the elevation features fixed vinyl framed windows and an entry door and the second floor of the elevation features fixed windows. The south elevation features an exterior staircase connecting the first and second floors. A utility room is located adjacent to the staircase. The first and second floors of the elevation features regularly spaced doors and fixed vinyl framed windows. The first floor of the east elevation features an entry door and fixed vinyl framed windows. The second floor of the elevation features an entry door centered on the elevation flanked by fixed windows.

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Figure 5-3 81711 CA-111, south elevation, facing northeast California Register of Historical Resources Evaluation
A significance evaluation of 81711 CA-111 suggests that the building does not meet any of the criteria for listing in the CRHR.

CRHR Criterion 1: 81711 CA-111 not meet CRHR Criterion 1 for association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage. The building is one of many commercial/office buildings constructed throughout California and Indio in the late 20th century. Research has yielded no indication that significant historical events related to Indio, California, or the United States are specifically associated with this building. Therefore, 81711 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 1.

CRHR Criterion 2: 81711 CA-111 does not meet CRHR Criterion 2 for any direct associations with the productive lives of persons important in local, state, or national history. Research has yielded no information regarding the owners of the building prior to its purchase by Richard and Francis Marsh as part of the Town & Country development in 1984. Several tenants have occupied the property, but research has yielded no information to suggest that any persons of historical significance were specifically associated with this building. Therefore, 81711 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 2.

CRHR Criterion 3: 81711 CA-111 does not meet CRHR Criterion 3 for embodying the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, and method of construction, or as the work of an important creative individual, or as having high artistic value. The building is a common and unremarkable example of Spanish Revival style architecture. It is nearly indistinguishable from other buildings of that style constructed in the latter part of the 20th century. While the architects and builders

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of the building were not identified, it is unlikely that the building represents the work of a master. Therefore, 81711 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 3.

CRHR Criterion 4: 81711 CA-111 does not meet CRHR Criterion 4 since it is unlikely to yield information important to prehistory or history. It is unlikely that this property has the potential to broaden our understanding of 20th century building construction or commercial development, or the history of Indio, California, or the United States. Therefore, 81711 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 4.
6 MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
As a result of the cultural resource records search and site visit, two historic period built- environment resources were documented on the property. These two resources, 81703 and 81711 CA-111, consist of two commercial buildings constructed in the late 1960s and early 1970s. A significance evaluation conducted by PaleoWest indicates that the buildings at 81703 and 81711 CA-111 do not meet the criteria for listing on the CRHR. As such, neither are considered historical resources for the purposes of CEQA and no further cultural resource management is recommended for these resources.

Despite the developed nature of the Project area and general surroundings, the Project area is moderately to highly sensitive for buried archaeological resources. Based on these findings, archaeological monitoring would be recommended for ground-disturbing activities associated with development of the Project area at depths extending into undisturbed sediments.

In the event that potentially significant cultural materials are encountered during Project-related ground-disturbing activities, all work should be halted in the vicinity of the discovery until a qualified archaeologist can visit the site of discovery and assess the significance of the archaeological resource. In addition, Health and Safety Code 7050.5, CEQA 15064.5(e), and Public Resources Code 5097.98 mandate the process to be followed in the unlikely event of an accidental discovery of any human remains in a location other than a dedicated cemetery.

Finally, should additional actions be proposed outside the currently defined Project area that have the potential for additional subsurface disturbance, further cultural resource management may be required.

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7 REFERENCES
Bean, Lowell J.
1978 Cahuilla. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8 (California), edited by R.F.

Heizer, pp. 575–587. William C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Bean, L. J., and K. S. Saubel
1972 TEMALPAKH, Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants. Malki Museum Press, Banning, CA.

Brown, John, Jr. and James Body
1922 History of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties. Volume 1. The Western Historical Society. The Lewis Publishing Co., Chicago, IL. Electronic book.

California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research
2015 CEQA: California Environmental Quality Act, Statutes and Guidelines. State of California, Sacramento, California.

Carmack, S., D. Howell-Ardila, S. Treffers, S. Zamudio-Gurrola, R. Perzel. 2019 Historic Resources Survey, City of Indio General Plan Update, City of Indio, Riverside County, California. Rincon Consultants Project No. 17-03923.

City of Indio
2020 “City of Indio General Plan 2040,” Accessed at:
https://www.indio.org/your_government/development_services/gp2040/general_plan _2040.htm on December 7, 2020.

Cleland, James H.
1998 From Paleo-Indian to Protohistoric: The Chronology if Human Occupation of the Salton Sea Test Base. KEA Environmental, Inc. Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology, Volume 12, pp. 10–14.

Cultural Systems Research, Inc. (CSRI)
1986 Cultural Resources Testing and Data Recovery, Tahquitz Canyon Project Research Design. Cultural Systems Research, Inc., Menlo Park, California.

Graumlich, L. J.
1993 A 1000-year Record of Temperature and Precipitation in the Sierra Nevada.

Quaternary Research 39(2):249–255.

Gudde, Erwin G
1998 California Place Names. 4th ed., revised and enlarged by William Bright. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California.

Laflin, Patricia B.
2001 [1998] Coachella Valley California: A Pictorial History. 2nd printing. The Donning Company Publishers, Virginia Beach.

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Laylander, Don
1994 Phase III Data Recovery at the Elmore Site (CA-IMP-6427), Imperial County, California, 11-IMP-86, P.M. 33.6/43.2, 11221-100710. Submitted to Caltrans District 11, San Diego.

McGroarty, John Steven
1914 Southern California Comprising the Counties of Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Ventura. Southern California Panama Expositions, Los Angeles.

NETROnline
2020 Historic Aerials 1953, 1972, 1996. https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer.

Norland, Ole J.
1978 Coachella Valley’s Golden Years. Revised edition. Desert Printing Co., Inc., Indio, California.

Peters, Gary L., David W. Lantis, Rodney Steiner, and Arthur E. Karinen 1999 California. 3rd ed. Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa
Riverside County Assessor
2020 “Riverside County Assessor Records for APN 616-101-003,” Accessed at: https://ca- riverside-acr.publicaccessnow.com/Search.aspx on November 17, 2020.

Schaefer, Jerry
1986 Late Prehistoric Adaptations during the Final Recessions of Lake Cahuilla: Fish Camps and Quarries on West Mesa, Imperial County, California. Mooney-Levine and Associates. Submitted to the Bureau of Land Management, Department of the Interior, El Centro, California.
1994 The Challenge of Archaeological Research in the Colorado River: Recent Approaches and Discoveries. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 16 (1):60–80. 1995 Prehistoric Cultural Setting. In Archaeological, Ethnographic, and Ethnohistoric Investigations at Tahquitz Canyon Palm Springs, California, Volume 1A of 4:

Management Summary, Forward, Introduction, Environmental Setting, Prehistoric Cultural Setting, Research Orientation, ethnography. Cultural Systems Research, Inc., Menlo Park, California. Submitted to the Riverside County Flood Control and Conservation District, Riverside, California.

Spaulding, W. Geoffrey
2001 The Paleoenvironmental Context of the Study Area. In Applied Earthwork’s Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Eastside Reservoir Project, Final Report of Archaeological Investigations, Volume IV: Prehistoric Archaeology Synthesis of Findings, S. K. Goldberg (ed.). Report on file, Eastern information Center, University of California, Riverside.

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Stine, Scott
1994 Extreme and Persistent Drought in California and Patagonia during Mediaeval Time.

Nature 369:546–549.

Tan, Aldrich M.
2009 “Shopping center celebrates 25.” The Desert Sun, November 13, 2009.

The Desert Sun
1969a “College Aid Available in Valley.” The Desert Sun, May 22, 1969. 1969b “Superior Court of the State of California County of Riverside Notice to Creditors No.

Indio 2823.” The Desert Sun, May 21, 1969.
1973 “New York Life to Dedicate Office.” The Desert Sun, November 19, 1973. 1975 “Desert Judicial District Case Number Palm Springs 9183 Summons.” The Desert Sun, February 8, 1975.
1976 “A Preview Showing.” The Desert Sun, March 12, 1976. 1978a “Indio Bank Directors Profiled.” The Desert Sun, June 1, 1978. 1978b “Instant Buying Power.” The Desert Sun, December 9, 1978.

Times Advocate
1972 “Notice to Creditors No. PN 2358.” The Times Advocate, October 3, 1972.

Vartabedian, Ralph
1982 “Eldorado Acquires Indio Bank’s Offices.” Los Angeles Times, April 6, 1982. von Till Warren, E., R. H. Crabtree, C. N. Warren, M. Knack, and R. McCarty 1981 A Cultural Resources Overview of the Colorado Desert Planning Units. U.S.

Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, California Desert District, Riverside.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
1904 Indio, CA. 30-minute (1:125,000 scale) topographic quadrangle.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) cont.
1943 Coachella, CA. 15-minute (1:62,500 scale) topographic quadrangle. 1947 Santa Ana, CA. 60-minute (1:250,000 scale) topographic quadrangle. 1956 Coachella, CA. 15-minute (1:62,500 scale) topographic quadrangle. 1956 Indio, CA. 7.5-minute (1:24,000 scale) topographic quadrangle. 1959 Santa Ana, CA. 60-minute (1:250,000 scale) topographic quadrangle. 1965 Santa Ana, CA. 60-minute (1:250,000 scale) topographic quadrangle.

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1972 Indio, CA. 7.5-minute (1:24,000 scale) topographic quadrangle.

Waters, M. R.
1982 The Lowland Patayan Ceramic Tradition. In Hohokan Patayan: Prehistory of Southwestern Arizona, R. H. McGuire and M. B. Schiffer, editors. Pp. 275–298.

Academic Press, New York.
1983 Late Holocene Lacustrine Chronology and Archaeology of Ancient Lake Cahuilla, California. Quaternary Research 19: 373–387.

Wilke, Phillip J.
1976 Late Prehistoric Human Ecology at Lake Cahuilla, Coachella Valley, California.

Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Riverside.

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Appendix A.

Native American Coordination

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STATE OF CALIFORNIA Gavin Newsom, Governor

NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION

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November 23, 2020

Robbie Thomas
PaleoWest Archaeology

Via Email to: [email protected]

Re: Quick Quack Car Wash Project, Riverside County

Dear Ms. Thomas:

A record search of the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) Sacred Lands File (SLF) was completed for the information you have submitted for the above referenced project. The results were negative. However, the absence of specific site information in the SLF does not indicate the absence of cultural resources in any project area. Other sources of cultural resources should also be contacted for information regarding known and recorded sites.

Attached is a list of Native American tribes who may also have knowledge of cultural resources in the project area. This list should provide a starting place in locating areas of potential adverse impact within the proposed project area. I suggest you contact all of those indicated; if they cannot supply information, they might recommend others with specific knowledge. By contacting all those listed, your organization will be better able to respond to claims of failure to consult with the appropriate tribe. If a response has not been received within two weeks of notification, the Commission requests that you follow-up with a telephone call or email to ensure that the project information has been received.

If you receive notification of change of addresses and phone numbers from tribes, please notify me. With your assistance, we can assure that our lists contain current information.

If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact me at my email address: [email protected].

Sincerely,

Andrew Green
Cultural Resources Analyst

Attachment

CHAIRPERSON
Laura Miranda
Luiseño

VICE CHAIRPERSON
Reginald Pagaling
Chumash

SECRETARY
Merri Lopez-Keifer
Luiseño

PARLIAMENTARIAN
Russell Attebery
Karuk

COMMISSIONER
Marshall McKay
Wintun

COMMISSIONER
William Mungary
Paiute/White Mountain
Apache

COMMISSIONER
Julie Tumamait-
Stenslie
Chumash

COMMISSIONER
[Vacant]

EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Christina Snider
Pomo

NAHC HEADQUARTERS
1550 Harbor Boulevard
Suite 100
West Sacramento,
California 95691
(916) 373-3710
[email protected]
NAHC.ca.gov

Page 282 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 455 of 486 Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla
Indians
Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, Director
5401
Dinah Shore Drive
Palm Springs, CA,
92264
Phone: (
760
)
699
-
6907
Fax: (
760
)
699-6924
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla
Indians
Jeff Grubbe, Chairperson
5401
Dinah Shore Drive
Palm Springs, CA,
92264
Phone: (
760
)
699
-
6800
Fax: (
760
)
699-6919
Cahuilla
Augustine Band of Cahuilla
Mission Indians
Amanda Vance, Chairperson
P.O. Box
846

Coachella, CA,
92236
Phone: (
760
)
398
-
4722
Fax: (
760
)
369-7161
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Cabazon Band of Mission
Indians
Doug Welmas, Chairperson
84-245
Indio Springs Parkway
Indio, CA,
92203
Phone: (
760
)
342
-
2593
Fax: (
760
)
347-7880
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Cahuilla Band of Indians
Daniel Salgado, Chairperson
52701
U.S. Highway
371

Anza, CA,
92539
Phone: (
951
)
763
-
5549
Fax: (
951
)
763-2808
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla
and Cupeño Indians
Shane Chapparosa, Chairperson
P.O. Box
189

Warner Springs, CA,
92086-0189
Phone: (
760
)
782
-
0711
Fax: (
760
)
782-0712
Cahuilla
Morongo Band of Mission
Indians
Robert Martin, Chairperson
12700
Pumarra Road
Banning, CA,
92220
Phone: (
951
)
849
-
8807
Fax: (
951
)
922-8146
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Serrano
Morongo Band of Mission
Indians
Denisa Torres, Cultural Resources
Manager
12700
Pumarra Road
Banning, CA,
92220
Phone: (
951
)
849
-
8807
Fax: (
951
)
922-8146
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Serrano
Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma
Reservation
Jill McCormick, Historic
Preservation Officer
P.O. Box
1899

Yuma, AZ,
85366
Phone: (
760
)
572
-
2423
historicpreservation@quechantrib
e.com
Quechan
Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma
Reservation
Manfred Scott, Acting Chairman
Kw'ts'an Cultural Committee
P.O. Box
1899

Yuma, AZ,
85366
Phone: (
928
)
750
-
2516
[email protected]
Quechan
1 of 2
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5
of
the Health and Safety Code, Section
5097.94
of the Public Resource Section
5097.98
of the Public Resources Code.

This list is only applicable for contacting local Native Americans with regard to cultural resources assessment for the proposed Quick Quack Car Wash Project, Riverside County.

PROJ-2020-
006196
11/23/2020 01:34 PM
Native American Heritage Commission
Native American Contact List
Riverside County
11/23/2020

Page 283 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 456 of 486 Ramona Band of Cahuilla
John Gomez, Environmental
Coordinator
P. O. Box
391670

Anza, CA,
92539
Phone: (
951
)
763
-
4105
Fax: (
951
)
763-4325
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Ramona Band of Cahuilla
Joseph Hamilton, Chairperson
P.O. Box
391670

Anza, CA,
92539
Phone: (
951
)
763
-
4105
Fax: (
951
)
763-4325
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla
Indians
Lovina Redner, Tribal Chair
P.O. Box
391820

Anza, CA,
92539
Phone: (
951
)
659
-
2700
Fax: (
951
)
659-2228
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Soboba Band of Luiseno
Indians
Scott Cozart, Chairperson
P. O. Box
487

San Jacinto, CA,
92583
Phone: (
951
)
654
-
2765
Fax: (
951
)
654-4198
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Luiseno
Soboba Band of Luiseno
Indians
Joseph Ontiveros, Cultural
Resource Department
P.O. BOX
487

San Jacinto, CA,
92581
Phone: (
951
)
663
-
5279
Fax: (
951
)
654-4198
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Luiseno
Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla
Indians
Michael Mirelez, Cultural
Resource Coordinator
P.O. Box
1160

Thermal, CA,
92274
Phone: (
760
)
399
-
0022
Fax: (
760
)
397-8146
[email protected]
Cahuilla
Twenty-Nine Palms Band of
Mission Indians
Darrell Mike, Chairperson
46-200
Harrison Place
Coachella, CA,
92236
Phone: (
760
)
863
-
2444
Fax: (
760
)
863-2449
29 chairman@
29 palmsbomi-
nsn.gov
Chemehuevi
Twenty-Nine Palms Band of
Mission Indians
Anthony Madrigal, Tribal Historic
Preservation Officer
46-200
Harrison Place
Coachella, CA,
92236
Phone: (
760
)
775
-
3259
amadrigal@
29 palmsbomi-nsn.gov
Chemehuevi
2 of 2
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5
of
the Health and Safety Code, Section
5097.94
of the Public Resource Section
5097.98
of the Public Resources Code.

This list is only applicable for contacting local Native Americans with regard to cultural resources assessment for the proposed Quick Quack Car Wash Project, Riverside County.

PROJ-2020-
006196
11/23/2020 01:34 PM
Native American Heritage Commission
Native American Contact List
Riverside County
11/23/2020

Page 284 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 457 of 486

LOS ANGELES COUNTY
517 S. Ivy Avenue
Monrovia, CA 91016
T: 626.408.8006
[email protected]
November 23, 2020
Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, Tribal Historic Preservation Office Director Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians
5401 Dinah Shore Drive
Palm Springs, CA 92264
Transmitted via email to [email protected]
RE: Cultural Resource Investigation for the Quick Quack Car Wash Project in Indio, Riverside County, California
Dear Ms. Garcia-Plotkin,
On behalf of The Altum Group, PaleoWest Archaeology (PaleoWest) is conducting a cultural resource investigation in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act for the Quick Quack Car Wash Project (Project) in Indio, Riverside County, California. The proposed Project consists of development of a commercial property that would include car wash with a 16-car queue and 14 vacuum bays. The Project area is located on the Indio, Calif. 7.5’ USGS quadrangle map, within Section 27 in T5S/R7E (see attached map).

A review of previous cultural resource literature reviews and records search data from the area was conducted. This review of existing data indicates that no less than 17 cultural resource studies have been conducted within a one-mile radius of the Project area; none of these studies appear to intersect the Project area. The existing data review indicated that 12 cultural resources have been previously documented within one mile of the Project area; however, none of these resources are located within or immediately adjacent to the Project area. The resources documented within one mile of the Project area are largely made up of historic-period built-environment single family residences.

As part of the cultural resource investigation of the Project area, PaleoWest requested a search of the Native American Heritage Commission’s (NAHC’s) Sacred Lands File on November 17, 2020. The NAHC responded on November 23, 2020 indicating that that no Native American cultural resources were identified within the Project area. However, should your records show that cultural properties exist within or near the Project area (see enclosed map), please contact me at (918) 232-4312 or [email protected]. I will follow-up with a phone call or email if I do not hear from you.

Your comments are very important to us, and to the successful completion of this Project. I look forward to hearing from you in the near future. Thank you, in advance, for taking the time to review this request.

Sincerely,
Roberta Thomas, M.A., RPA
Senior Archaeologist
PaleoWest
SAMPLE

Page 285 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 458 of 486 Quick Quack Car Wash (Store #3-024) – Highway 111
Noise Impact Study
City of Indio, CA Introduction
3 Exhibit A
Location Map
Site
SAMPLE

Page 286 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ...Page 459 of 486

LOS ANGELES COUNTY
517 S. Ivy Avenue
Monrovia, CA 91016

T: 626.408.8006
[email protected]

July 19, 2022

Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, Tribal Historic Preservation Office Director Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians
5401 Dinah Shore Drive
Palm Springs, CA 92264
Transmitted via email to [email protected]
RE: Wendy’s Indio Cultural Resource Assessment Project in Indio, Riverside County, California Dear Ms. Garcia-Plotkin,
On behalf of The Altum Group, PaleoWest, LLC (PaleoWest) is reaching out to inform interested parties that the cultural resource investigation that was conducted in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act for the former Quick Quack Car Wash Project in Indio, Riverside County, California, is being revised as the Project proponent has changed plans for the Project area. The new Project will include development of a Wendy’s Drive Thru (Project) on the same property as the previous car wash project. The updated Project conceptual site plans include a 3,500 sq ft Wendy’s drive thru building, with 12-car queue, and a parking lot with up to 32 parking spaces. The Project area is located on the Indio, Calif. 7.5’ USGS quadrangle map, within Section 27 in T5S/R7E (see attached map).

As previously stated in the letter sent to you November 23, 2020, a review of previous cultural resource literature and records search data indicated that no less than 17 cultural resource studies have been conducted within a one-mile radius of the Project area; none of these studies appear to intersect the Project area. The existing data review indicated that 12 cultural resources have been previously documented within one mile of the Project area; however, none of these resources are located within or immediately adjacent to the Project area. The resources documented within one mile of the Project area are largely made up of historic- period built-environment single family residences.

As part of the original cultural resource investigation of the Project area, PaleoWest requested a search of the Native American Heritage Commission’s (NAHC’s) Sacred Lands File on
November 17, 2020. The NAHC responded on November 23, 2020 indicating that that no Native American cultural resources were identified within the Project area. However, should your records show that cultural properties exist within or near the Project area, please contact me at (562) 310-0153 or [email protected].

Our records indicate that Ms. Lacy Padilla responded to the previous inquiry on December 17, 2020. I have attached that letter for reference. Please let me know if you would like to alter this SAMPLE

Page 287 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 460 of 486

response at all for the new Project otherwise, we will include the previous letter in our updated technical study.

Sincerely,

Gena Severen, M.A., RPA
Associate Archaeologist
PaleoWest

Enclosures:

1. Project Area Map

2. Previous Response Letter from Ms. Lacy Padilla
SAMPLE

Page 288 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 461 of 486 Records Search Map
USGS 7.5' Quadrangle:

Indio, CA (1977)
T5S, R7E, Sec 27
San Bernadino BM
UTM Zone 11, NAD 83
Project Area
File Search
Area (One Mile)
N
1:24,000
0 2,000feet
0 500meters
Project
Location
Date: 7/5/2022 User Name: JaneCadenhead
Document Path: G:\Projects\2022\22-0262 Wendy's Indio C ultural Resource Assessment\22-0262 Records Search.mxd Service Layer Credits: Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed SAMPLE

Page 289 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 462 of 486 Dear Ms. Roberta Thomas,
The Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians (ACBCI) appreciates your efforts to include the Tribal Historic Preservation Office (THPO) in the Quick Quack Car Wash project. The project area is not located within the boundaries of the ACBCI Reservation. However, it is within the Tribe’s Traditional Use Area. For this reason, the ACBCI THPO requests the following:
[VIA EMAIL TO:[email protected]]
PaleoWest Archaeology
Ms. Roberta Thomas
517 S. Ivy Avenue
Monrovia, CA 91016
December 14, 2020
Re: Quick Quack Car Wash Indio
Again, the Agua Caliente appreciates your interest in our cultural heritage. If you have questions or require additional information, please call me at (760)699-6956. You may also email me at [email protected].

Cordially,
Lacy Padilla
Archaeologist
Tribal Historic Preservation Office

AGUA CALIENTE BAND

OF CAHUILLA INDIANS
03-002-2020-007
0 *A cultural resources inventory of the project area by a qualified archaeologist prior to any development activities in this area.
0 *A copy of the records search with associated survey reports and site records from the information center.
0 *Copies of any cultural resource documentation (report and site records) generated in connection with this project.

SAMPLE

Page 290 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 463 of 486 Recommended Contacts (Name and
Tribal Affiliation) Initial Contact Follow up
Attempts Comments/Notes
Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, Director, Agua
Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/22
N/A
Response from Ms. Arysa Gonzalez Romero via email on
July 27, 2022 stating that the Project Area is not located within the boundaries of the ACBCI Reservation. However, the Project is within the Tribe's Traditional Use Area.

Additionally, Ms. Gonzalez Romero requested copies of
any cultural resource documentation (report and site
records) genreated in connection with the Project; and a copy of the records search with associated survey reports and site records from the information center.

Amanda Vance, Chairperson, Augustine
Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/23
N/A
Victoria Martin, Tribal Secretary, responded on November 30, stating that the Tribe is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed Project; however, in the event that any cultural resources are
discovered during the development of the Project, the
Tribe would should be contacted immediately for further evaluation.

Doug Welmas, Chairperson, Cabazon
Band of Mission Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/24
N/A
Judy Stapp, Director of Cultural Affairs, responded on
November 26, stating that the Tribe has no specific
archival information on the Project area indicating that the area may be a sacred site or other site of Native American traditional cultural value.

Daniel Salgado, Chairperson, Cahuilla
Band of Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/25
Phone Calls on
12/11/20 and
8/4/22
Spoke with Mr. Bobby Ray Esparza and he stated that the Triber defers to the more local Agua Caliente Band of
Cahuilla Indians and does not have any comments on the
Project.

Shane Chapparosa Chairman, Los
Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeño
Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/26
Phone Calls on
12/11/20 and
8/4/23
No email provided; mailed USPS. Spoke with Tribal Office staff who stated that the Tribe would defer to the more local Tribes for decisions regarding the Project.

Native American Contact/Response Matrix

Page 291 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ...Page 464 of 486 Recommended Contacts (Name and
Tribal Affiliation) Initial Contact Follow up
Attempts Comments/Notes
Native American Contact/Response Matrix
Denisa Torres, Cultural Resources
Manager, Morongo Band of Mission
Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/27
Phone Calls on
12/11/20 and
8/4/24
Number seems to be disconnected.

Jill McCormick, Historic Preservation
Officer, Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma
Reservation
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/28
N/A
Response from Historic Preservation Office was received via email on 7/20/2022 stating that the Tribe does not have any comments on the Project and that the Tribe defers to more local Tribes for decisions regarding the Project.

John Gomez, Environmental Coordinator,
Ramona Band of Cahuilla
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/29
Phone Calls on
12/11/20 and
8/4/24
Left message.

Lovina Redner, Tribal Chairperson, Santa
Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/30
Phone Call on
12/11/20
Directed to Vanessa, Tribal Administrator, who stated that the Tribe will defer to Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians or Twenty-Nine Palms Band of Mission Indians as the Project area is out of their area.

Joseph Ontiveros, Cultural Resources
Department, Soboba Band of Luiseno
Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/31
Phone Call on
12/11/20
Mr. Ontiveros deferred to the Cabazon Band of Mission
Indians
Michael Mirelez, Cultural Resource
Coordinator, Torres-Martinez Desert
Cahuilla Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/32
Phone Calls on
12/11/20 and
8/4/24
Email address listed from NAHC is returning emails; mailed USPS. Called and no answer, mailbox is full and unable to leave message.

Anthony Madrigal, Tribal Historic
Preservation Officer, Twenty-Nine Palms
Band of Mission Indians
Emails/Letters
sent on 11/23/20
and 7/19/33
Phone Calls on
12/11/20 and
8/4/24
Left messages.

Page 292 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ...Page 465 of 486 1 Roberta Thomas
From: Quechan Historic Preservation <[email protected]> Sent: Tuesday, November 24, 2020 8:59 AM
To: Roberta Thomas
Subject: RE: Quick Quack Car Wash (20-1017)
This email is to inform you that we do not wish to comment on this project. We defer to the more local Tribe(s) and support their decisions on the project.

From: Roberta Thomas [mailto:[email protected]]
Sent: Monday, November 23, 2020 7:11 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Quick Quack Car Wash (20-1017)

Please find the attached letter and location map for the Quick Quack Car Wash Project in Indio, California.

Best,
Robbie

Roberta Thomas | Senior Archaeologist
PaleoWest
[email protected]
918.232.4312
www.paleowest.com

Los Angeles County Office
517 S. Ivy Avenue
Monrovia, CA, 91016

To help protect your privacy,
Micro so ft Office prevented
auto matic downlo ad o f this
picture from the Internet.

Virus-free. www.avast.com

Page 293 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 466 of 486 1 Roberta Thomas
From: Stapp, Judy <[email protected]>
Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2020 11:38 AM
To: Roberta Thomas
Subject: Re: Quick Quack Car Wash (20-1017)
Attachments: image001.jpg; image002.png; image003.png; image004.png; image005.png Dear Ms. Thomas,
The Cabazon Band of Mission Indians has no specific archival information on the site indicating that it may be a sacred site or other site of Native American traditional cultural value.

We look forward to continued collaboration in the preservation of cultural resources.

Best regards,
Judy Stapp
Director of Cultural Affairs

Sent from my iPad

On Nov 23, 2020, at 6:12 PM, Roberta Thomas <[email protected]> wrote:

Please find the attached letter and location map for the Quick Quack Car Wash Project in Indio, California.

Best,
Robbie

<image001.jpg>

Roberta Thomas | Senior Archaeologist
PaleoWest
[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
918.232.4312
www.paleowest.com<http://www.paleowest.com/>

Los Angeles County Office
517 S. Ivy Avenue
Monrovia, CA, 91016

<https://www.facebook.com/PaleoWestUS/>
<image002.png>
<https://www.linkedin.com/company/paleowest‐archaeology/> <image003.png>
<https://www.instagram.com/paleowest/>
<image004.png>
<https://twitter.com/paleowest>
<image005.png>

<Welmas_Carwash.pdf>

Page 294 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 467 of 486

AUGUSTINE BAND OF CAHUILLA INDIANS
PO Box 846 84-481 Avenue 54 Coachella CA 92236 Telephone: (760) 398-4722
Fax (760) 369-7161
Tribal Chairperson: Amanda Vance
Tribal Vice-Chairperson: William Vance
Tribal Secretary: Victoria Martin

Date: November 30, 2020
517 S. Ivy Avenue
Monrovia, CA 91016

RE: CULTURAL RESOURCE INVESTIGATION FOR THE QUICK QUACK CARWASH

PROJECT IN INDIO, RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

Dear: Roberta Thomas M.A., RPA
Senior Archaeologist-PaleoWest

Thank you for the opportunity to offer input concerning the development of the above-identified project. We appreciate your sensitivity to the cultural resources that may be impacted by your project and the importance of these cultural resources to the Native American peoples that have occupied the land surrounding the area of your project for thousands of years. Unfortunately, increased development and lack of sensitivity to cultural resources have resulted in many significant cultural resources being destroyed or substantially altered and impacted. Your invitation to consult on this project is greatly appreciated.

At this time, we are unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed project, however, in the event, you should discover any cultural resources during the development of this project please contact our office immediately for further evaluation.

Very truly yours,

Victoria Martin, Tribal Secretary
Augustine Band of Cahuilla Indians

Page 295 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 468 of 486

Appendix B | 1
Appendix B.

DPR Forms

Page 296 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 469 of 486

Appendix B | 2
This page intentionally left blank.

Page 297 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 470 of 486 State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #
PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial
CRHR Status Code
Other Listings
Review Code Reviewer Date

Page 1 of 8 ends

*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) 81703 CA-111 is a one-story commercial, Spanish Revival style building constructed in ca. 1974. The building features a rectangular plan with a low-pitched hipped Spanish tile roof. The roof extends over all elevations to form a covered walkway supported by wood posts. The eaves feature exposed rafter tails. The building is clad in stucco with regularly spaced wood pilasters. The west elevation features regularly spaced wood pilasters, a bank of vinyl-framed windows, and a vent. The north elevation features a glass commercial door located off-center on the elevation. A sliding vinyl-framed window is located adjacent to the door on the west portion of the elevation. A band of three fixed windows is located adjacent to the entry on the east portion of the elevation.

Beneath each window is a smaller, rectangular fixed window along the foundation line. A mullion bisects the center windows. A vinyl-framed sliding window is located on the east portion of the elevation. The central portion of the elevation features diagonal wood paneling. The east elevation features an entrance centered on the elevation with a fixed window that features a smaller, rectangular fixed window beneath it along the foundation line. Diagonal wood paneling is located above the entry and a double- hung sliding window is located adjacent to the entrance. The south elevation features a set of vented double doors above which is a cent located off-center on the elevation. The elevation also features a band of regularly spaced vinyl framed sliding windows.

*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP6. 1-2 story commercial building *P4. Resources Present: ◼Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.)

P5b. Description of Photo: (View, date, accession #)
View of north and west elevations, facing southeast,
November 17, 2020

*P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources:
◼Historic Prehistoric Both
Ca. 1974 (Riverside County Assessor)

*P7. Owner and Address:

Sage Investco
3837 Birch Street
Newport Beach, CA 92660

*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address)
PaleoWest, LLC
3990 Old Town Avenue, Suite C101
San Diego, CA 92110

*P9. Date Recorded: November 2020

*P10. Survey Type: (Describe)
Intensive
*P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none.") Cultural Resource Investigation in Support of the Quick Quack Car Wash Project, Indio, Riverside County, California. PaleoWest, LLC, 2020.

*Attachments: NONE ◼Location Map ◼Sketch Map ◼Continuation Sheet ◼Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record  Other (List):

DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information
P5a. Photo or Drawing (Photo required for buildings, structures, and objects.)

Page 298 of 313 ends

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 471 of 486

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#

BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD

Page 2 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020

B1. Historic Name: 81703 CA-111
B2. Common Name: 81703 CA-111
B3. Original Use: commercial B4. Present Use: commercial *B5. Architectural Style: Spanish Revival
*B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alterations, and date of alterations) Ca. 1974 (Riverside County Assessor)
*B7. Moved? ◼No Yes Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: N/A
B9a. Architect: Unknown b. Builder: Unknown
*B10. Significance: Theme: N/A Area: N/A
Period of Significance: N/A Property Type: commercial Applicable Criteria: N/A (Discuss importance in terms of historical or architectural context as defined by theme, period, and geographic scope. Also address integrity.)

The community of Indio was established as an important hub for the Southern Pacific. Passenger trains stopped 12 times a day with freight trains stopping 24 times a day to change crews. The Southern Pacific also established extensive repair shops, a hotel, and other amenities for its 215 workers such as a restaurant and clubhouse (McGroarty 1914:155). Another important early industry in Indio was date farming. The U.S. government established an experiment station in Indio for the purposes of creating new varieties of dates and also of testing the viability of those new strains in a desert environment (Brown and Body 1922:588).

Early in its history, Indio was touted as a health resort for those suffering from breathing disorders such as tuberculosis or asthma.

Today, Indio—the self-styled “Date capital of America”—“is the ranking commercial, governmental, farming, travel, and shipping center in the Coachella Valley” (Peters et al. 1999:92).

Much of this growth was driven by a variety of infrastructure improvements, which supported increased residential and tourism related development. State- and nation-wide highway building campaigns propelled new settlement, as improved transportation corridors made communities like Indio more attractive (and feasible) for new settlers and tourists. This, in turn, inspired businesses to capitalize on the new automobile-related travel and tourism, as hotels flourished along the new interstate lines, often with an eye toward promoting the exoticism and Middle Eastern flavor of Indio and the Coachella Valley (Carmack et al 2019).

(See Continuation Sheet)

B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) N/A

*B12. References:

Refer to Continuation Sheet

B13. Remarks: N/A

*B14. Evaluator: J. Castells, MA

*Date of Evaluation: November 2020

(Sketch Map with north arrow required.)

Please see attached

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 472 of 486

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 3 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020 ◼Continuation  Update

*D6. Significance (Continued):

81703 and 81711 CA-111 are both located on APN 616-101-003. 81703 CA-111 was constructed in 1974 (Riverside County Assessor 2020). Prior to 1953 the property was undeveloped and generally surrounded by agricultural land. Between 1953 and 1972 gradual commercial development occurred in the region, including the construction of 81711 CA-111 in 1966, which coincided with the development of nearby Indio Highschool (NETR 2020). While the initial developers of the property were not identified, the two buildings were incorporated into the Town & Country Center developed by former superior court judge Richard Marsh and his wife, Francis Marsh in 1984 (Tan 2009).

While the Riverside County Assessor officially lists the building’s construction as 1974, newspaper articles indicate that the building may have been open as early as 1973. In 1973 Desert Valley General Office of the New York Life Insurance Company moved into 81703 CA-111 (The Desert Sun 1973). In 1978 the Bank of Indo was formed as the first independent bank in the city of Indio (The Desert Sun 1978a). While its initial headquarters were located in offices located at 81-715 CA-111, by December of 1978 the bank had established its own offices at 81703 CA-111 (The Desert Sun 1978b). The Bank of Indio existed as an independent organization until it was acquired by Eldorado Bank in 1982 (Vartabedian 1982). Research has yielded little additional information on other early tenants of the property.

CRHR Evaluation
The following presents an assessment of the historical significance of 81703 CA-111 by applying the procedure and criteria for the CRHR. The purpose of this assessment is to evaluate the eligibility of the resource for listing on the CRHR. The significance evaluation of 81703 CA-111 suggests that the building does not meet any of the criteria for listing in the CRHR.

CRHR Criterion 1: 81703 CA-111 does not meet CRHR Criterion 1 for association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage. The building is one of many commercial/ office buildings constructed throughout California and Indio throughout the latter part of the 20th century. Research has yielded no indication that significant historical events related to the city of Indio, California, or the United States are specifically associated with this building. While the building was the home to the Bank of Indio, which was the first independent bank established in the city of Indio, the bank’s effect on the history of Indio appears to have been limited. The bank existed from 1978 to 1982, which is not within the 45-year threshold for historical significance. Research has yielded no information to suggest that the Bank of Indio was an important institution to the continued development of the city or that it was in any way significant enough to warrant special consideration of historical significance despite the building’s association with the bank having occurred less than 45 years ago. Therefore, 81703 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 1.

CRHR Criterion 2: 81703 CA-111 does not meet CRHR Criterion 2 for any direct associations with the productive lives of persons important in local, state, or national history. Research has yielded no information regarding the owners of the building prior to its purchase by Richard and Francis Marsh as part of the Town & Country development in 1984. Several tenants have occupied the property, but research has yielded no information to suggest that any persons of historical significance were specifically associated with this building. Therefore, 81703 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 2.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 473 of 486

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 4 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020 ◼Continuation  Update

*D6. Significance (Continued):

*B12. References (Continued):

Brown, John, Jr. and James Body
1922 History of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties. Volume 1. The Western Historical Society. The Lewis Publishing Co., Chicago, IL. Electronic book.

Gudde, Erwin G
1998 California Place Names. 4th ed. revised and enlarged by William Bright. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California.

The Desert Sun
1973 “New York Life to Dedicate Office.” The Desert Sun, November 19, 1973. 1978a “Indio Bank Directors Profiled.” The Desert Sun, June 1, 1978. 1978b “Instant Buying Power.” The Desert Sun, December 9, 1978.

National Environmental Title Research (NETR)
2020 Historic Aerials from 1953-2016 Accessed at: https://www.historicaerials.com/.

Peters, Gary L., David W. Lantis, Rodney Steiner, and Arthur E. Karinen 1999 California. 3rd ed. Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa
Riverside County Assessor
2020 “Riverside County Assessor Records for APN 616-101-003,” Accessed at: https://ca-riverside- acr.publicaccessnow.com/Search.aspx on November 17, 2020.

Tan, Aldrich M.
2009 “Shopping center celebrates 25.” The Desert Sun, November 13, 2009.

Till Warren, E., R. H. Crabtree, C. N. Warren, M. Knack, and R. McCarty 1981 A Cultural Resources Overview of the Colorado Desert Planning Units. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, California Desert District, Riverside.

Vartabedian, Ralph
1982 “Eldorado Acquires Indio Bank’s Offices.” Los Angeles Times, April 6, 1982.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 474 of 486

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 5 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020 ◼Continuation  Update

South elevation, facing northwest

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 475 of 486

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 6 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020 ◼Continuation  Update

North elevation, facing south

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 476 of 486 State of California The Resources Agency

DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION

TRUE NORTH
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SCALE 1:24,000
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Miles
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1,000 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000
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Scale: 1:24,000Resource Name or #: 81703 CA-111
Primary
HRI
Trinomial

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Map Name: Indio, CA 7.5' USGS Quad. Date: 1977

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 477 of 486 465320018State of California The Resources Agency

DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION

SKETCH MAP
DPR 523K (1/95) *Required information
*Date of map: November 2020
Primary #
HRI#
Trinomial

Page 8 of 8 ends

*Drawn by: B.Spelts
Building
0 10 20 30 40
Meters
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*Resource Name or #: 81703 CA-111
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*Scale: 1:1,200

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DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #
PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial
CRHR Status Code
Other Listings
Review Code Reviewer Date

Page 1 of 8 ends

P1. Other Identifier: N/A
*P2. Location:  Not for Publication ◼ Unrestricted *a. County: Riverside and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Indio Date: 1977 T 5S; R 7E; SW ¼ of NE ¼ of Sec 27; SB B.M. c. Address: 81711 CA-111 City: Indio Zip: 92201
d. UTM: Zone: 11S; 570524.37 mE/ 3730199.39 mN
e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) The property is located at APN 616-101-003
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) 81711 CA-111 is a two-story commercial, Spanish Revival style building constructed in 1966. The building features a rectangular plan with a low-pitched hipped Spanish tile roof. The roof extends over all elevations to form a covered walkway supported by wood posts on the second floor. The second floor walkway also features metal railings. The eaves feature exposed rafters. The second-floor walkway forms a covered walkway on all elevations of the first floor that is supported by wood posts and features exposed rafters. The building is clad in stucco with regularly spaced wood pilasters. The north elevation features regularly spaced fixed vinyl framed windows and entry doors on the first floor of the elevation. A stucco clad elevator enclosure is located off- center on the elevation and extends from the first floor to the second floor. The wall opposite the enclosure features tile. Decorative tile is also featured on the west corner of the first floor of the elevation. The second floor of the north elevation features regularly spaced fixed vinyl framed windows and entry doors. The west elevation features an exterior single landing staircase that connects the first floor to the second floor. The staircase features a screen wall with tile on the first and second floors. The first floor of the elevation features fixed vinyl framed windows and an entry door and the second floor of the elevation features fixed windows.

The south elevation features an exterior staircase connecting the first and second floors. A utility room is located adjacent to the staircase. The first and second floors of the elevation features regularly spaced doors and fixed vinyl framed windows. The first floor of the east elevation features an entry door and fixed vinyl framed windows. The second floor of the elevation features an entry door centered on the elevation flanked by fixed windows. *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP6. 1-2 story commercial building *P4. Resources Present: ◼Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.)

P5b. Description of Photo: (View, date, accession #)
View of south elevation, facing northeast, November
17, 2020

*P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources:
◼Historic Prehistoric Both
1966 (Riverside County Assessor)

*P7. Owner and Address:

Sage Investco
3837 Birch Street
Newport Beach, CA 92660

*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address)
PaleoWest, LLC
3990 Old Town Avenue, Suite C101
San Diego, CA 92110

*P9. Date Recorded: November 2020

DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information
P5a. Photo or Drawing (Photo required for buildings, structures, and objects.)

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 479 of 486

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#

BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD

Page 2 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020

B1. Historic Name: 81711 CA-111
B2. Common Name: 81711 CA-111
B3. Original Use: commercial B4. Present Use: commercial *B5. Architectural Style: Spanish Revival
*B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alterations, and date of alterations) Constructed 1966 (Riverside County Assessor)
*B7. Moved? ◼No Yes Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: N/A
B9a. Architect: Unknown b. Builder: Unknown
*B10. Significance: Theme: N/A Area: N/A
Period of Significance: N/A Property Type: commercial Applicable Criteria: N/A (Discuss importance in terms of historical or architectural context as defined by theme, period, and geographic scope. Also address integrity.)

Early in its history, Indio was touted as a health resort for those suffering from breathing disorders such as tuberculosis or asthma.

Today, Indio—the self-styled “Date capital of America”—“is the ranking commercial, governmental, farming, travel, and shipping center in the Coachella Valley” (Peters et al. 1999:92).

(See Continuation Sheet)

B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) N/A

*B12. References:

Refer to Continuation Sheet

B13. Remarks: N/A

*B14. Evaluator: J. Castells, MA

*Date of Evaluation: November 2020

(Sketch Map with north arrow required.)

Please see attached

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 480 of 486

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 3 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020 ◼Continuation  Update

*D6. Significance (Continued):

81703 and 81711 CA-111 are both located on APN 616-101-003. 81711 CA-111 was constructed in 1974 (Riverside County Assessor 2020). Prior to 1953 the property was undeveloped and generally surrounded by agricultural land. Between 1953 and 1972 gradual commercial development occurred in the region, including the construction of 81711 CA-111 in 1966, which coincided with the development of nearby Indio Highschool (NETR 2020). While the initial developers of the property were not identified, the two buildings were incorporated into the Town & Country Center developed by former superior court judge Richard Marsh and his wife, Francis Marsh in 1984 (Tan 2009).

81711 CA-111 was constructed in 1966. In 1969 the building was the location of one of three regional senatorial offices of then Senator Gordon Cologne (The Desert Sun 1969a). The building also housed the law offices of Dillon, Moore, Boyd & Robinson (The Desert Sun 1969b). Attorney J. John Anderholt was a tenant of the building in 1972 (The Times Advocate 1972) and by 1975 he had entered into the partnership of Erwin, Anderholt & Scherotter which was based out of 81711 CA-111 (The Desert Sun 1975). By 1976 Ray Rummonds Real Estate had also taken offices at the building (The Desert Sun 1976). Research has yielded no additional information on the early tenants of the property.

CRHR Evaluation
The following presents an assessment of the historical significance of 81711 CA-111 by applying the procedure and criteria for the CRHR. The purpose of this assessment is to evaluate the eligibility of the resource for listing on the CRHR. The significance evaluation of 81711 CA-111 suggests that the building does not meet any of the criteria for listing in the CRHR.

CRHR Criterion 1: 81711 CA-111 not meet CRHR Criterion 1 for association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage. The building is one of many commercial/ office buildings constructed throughout California and Indio in the late 20th century. Research has yielded no indication that significant historical events related to Indio, California, or the United States are specifically associated with this building. Therefore, 81711 CA-111 is not eligible for the CRHR under Criterion 1.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 481 of 486

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 4 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020 ◼Continuation  Update

*D6. Significance (Continued):

*B12. References (Continued):

Brown, John, Jr. and James Body
1922 History of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties. Volume 1. The Western Historical Society. The Lewis Publishing Co., Chicago, IL. Electronic book.

Gudde, Erwin G
1998 California Place Names. 4th ed., revised and enlarged by William Bright. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California.

The Desert Sun
1969a “College Aid Available in Valley.” The Desert Sun, May 22, 1969. 1969b “Superior Court of the State of California County of Riverside Notice to Creditors No. Indio 2823.” The Desert Sun, May 21, 1969.
1975 “Desert Judicial District Case Number Palm Springs 9183 Summons.” The Desert Sun, February 8, 1975. 1976 “A Preview Showing.” The Desert Sun, March 12, 1976.

National Environmental Title Research (NETR)
2020 Historic Aerials from 1953-2016 Accessed at: https://www.historicaerials.com/.

Peters, Gary L., David W. Lantis, Rodney Steiner, and Arthur E. Karinen 1999 California. 3rd ed. Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa

Riverside County Assessor
2020 “Riverside County Assessor Records for APN 616-101-003,” Accessed at: https://ca-riverside- acr.publicaccessnow.com/Search.aspx on November 17, 2020.

Tan, Aldrich M.
2009 “Shopping center celebrates 25.” The Desert Sun, November 13, 2009.

Times Advocate
1972 “Notice to Creditors No. PN 2358.” The Times Advocate, October 3, 1972.

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
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DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 5 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020 ◼Continuation  Update

North elevation, facing southwest

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 483 of 486

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information

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DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 6 of 8 ends

*Recorded by: PaleoWest, LLC *Date: November 2020 ◼Continuation  Update

Detail of tiled screen wall, facing southeast

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Resolution No. 10360, conditionally approving the Wendy's Drive-Through ... Page 484 of 486 State of California The Resources Agency

DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION

TRUE NORTH
°
SCALE 1:24,000
1 0 10.5
Miles
1 0 10.5
Kilometers
1,000 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000
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Scale: 1:24,000Resource Name or #: 81711 CA-111
Primary
HRI
Trinomial

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Map Name: Indio, CA 7.5' USGS Quad. Date: 1977

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
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DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION

SKETCH MAP
DPR 523K (1/95) *Required information
*Date of map: November 2020
Primary #
HRI#
Trinomial

Page 8 of 8 ends

*Drawn by: B.Spelts
Building
0 10 20 30 40
Meters
0 60 120 180
Feet
*Resource Name or #: 81711 CA-111
T N
v
*Scale: 1:1,200

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AGENDA ITEM #10.1
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Indio City CouncilJune 7, 2023

Indio City Council
June 7, 2023