Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
A-2 COMMUNITY LAKE - VISUAL AMENITY
Natural grasses mix (typical) Natural grasses mix (typical) Slope planting and
lots with lake view
Lots with lake view
Lots with lake view
Community Lake -
Visual Amenity
Pedestrian Connection
506
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Large accent trees to signify
entry
Shaded park paths and benches
and tables throughout
Landscaped park trails
Perimeter wall
Lawn gathering space
Internal trail connection to Recreation
Center and, through the pedestrian
access gate, to the Community Trail/
Sidewalk along Lost Canyons Drive
leading to trails in Dry Canyon to the
West and Tapo Canyon to the East
Pedestrian access gate
Shaded walking path with
pop-outs for benches
and exercise equipment
throughout park
A-3 ENTRANCE PARK CONCEPTUAL LANDSCAPE/DESIGN
Lost Canyons Drive
507
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Natural grasses mix (typical) Example access gate
Access gate
Off path area with
bench or table
A-4 CREEK PARK CONCEPTUAL LANDSCAPE/DESIGN
Trees along trails in park for shade
Large trees on designated path
508
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Passive gathering spaces
Large Shade Trees
Shaded walking path with
pop-outs for benches
and exercise equipment
throughout park
A-5 OVERLOOK PARK CONCEPTUAL LANDSCAPE/DESIGN
Lost Canyons Drive
Internal Roads
Park benches along trails
Landscaped park trails
Typical play area
509
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Access gate
Benches along trails
Example landscaped pedestrian passageway
Example landscaped pedestrian passageway
Large accent trees on designated path
A-6 PASSAGE PARK WITH TRAIL ACCESS CONCEPTUAL LANDSCAPE/DESIGN 510
Existing Trees
New Large Trees forming
Tunnel Effect
Oak, Sycamore, Olive
Residential Card Reader
Drainage
Faux Bridge Culvert
Brick Accent
20’ Fire Access
Existing Specimen Oak
Drifts of Mixed Accent
Grasses with Colorful
Shrub Areas
LOST CANYONS DRIVE
Residential Entry Gate
8’ maximum height
Residential Exit Gate
8’ maximum height
Iconic Pilaster with
Remnant Dry Laid Wall as
subtle Entry Monumentation
14’ maximum height
Entry Gate with Mixed Accent Grasses
Culvert under Road
Integrate Existing Oak Trees where feasible Faux Bridge PAGE 8
Tapo Canyon - South Entry 2B-4
REMOVED 511
Lost Canyons Drive
Tree Canopy Trimmed to Create
“Green Tunnel” Entry Planting
Remnant Dry Laid
Wall with Rustic
Ranch Fence
Remnant Dry Laid Wall
with Rustic Ranch Fence
Proposed Ranch Fencing:
36” - 48”. Entry Monument
Walls Heights may vary with
up to 8’ maximum height
Pedestrian Sidewalk
per Specific Plan with Shade
Structure
Unmanned Faux Gate Monumentation
per Specific Plan Design Guidelines
Proposed Accessory Structures for Entry
Monumentation: 8’ - 12’ proposed
Up to 14’ maximum height
Pedestrian Trail per
Specific Plan
Pilaster shall not exceed
14’ maximum height
(Residential Zoning)
Mixed Grasses at Entry Shade Structure for Pedestrian Sidewalk PAGE 6
Principal Entry - Lost Canyons Drive / Tapo Canyon Road (Elevation) 2B-2 REMOVED 512
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
B-1 TAPO CANYON ROAD/LOST CANYONS DRIVE ENTRY
Large vertical trees
to signify entry
Large vertical trees to signify entry
Pedestrian Sidewalk Per
Specific Plan with Shade Structure
Rock Wall
Max 5’ Height
Pilasters shall not exceed
14 maximum height
(residential Zoning)
Bike Lane Bike Lane
Tree Canopy Trimmed to Create
“Green Tunnel” Entry Planting
Unmanned Faux Gate Monumentation per
Specific Plan Design Guidelines Proposed
Accessory Structures for Entry Monumentation:
8’-12’ Proposed up to 14’ max height
Conceptual Entrance Elevation on Lost Canyons Drive
Lost Canyons DriveLost Canyons Drive
513
Building Envelope
Entry Gates pulled
thru Saddle to allow
for turn around and
Gate Clearance
Residential Card
Reader
Stacking for 7 Cars
Drifts of Mixed Accent
Grasses with Colorful
Shrub Areas
20’ Fire Access
New Large Trees
Oak, Olive,Pepper,
Sycamore
LOST CANYONS DRIVE
Residential Exit Gate
8’ maximum height
Residential Entry Gate
8’ maximum height
Iconic Pilaster
(14’ maximum height) with
Remnant Dry Laid Wall as
subtle Entry Monumentation
Drifts of Mixed Accent Grasses
with Colorful Shrub Areas
Large Vertical Trees
Iconic Pilaster
Accent Grasses
PAGE 7
Tapo Canyon - North Entry 2B-3
REMOVED 514
Manned Guardhouse Elevation Character, Scale May Vary Split Rail Accent Fence Large Trees
Residential Card
Reader
Mixed Accent Grass
Drifts with Small
Areas of Shrub Color
Club House Entry
Stone Pillar with Dry
Laid Stone Wall 36”
Stone Pillar
Dry Laid Stone Wall
Club Parking
Oak Tree
Exit
Visitors
Residents
1 Way Club Access
with Gate
Accent Trees
Native Shrub Groupings
Club House
Accent Trees
LOST CANYONS DRIVE
Water
Quality
Basin
14’ maximum height
Stone Pillar with
Dry Laid Stone Wall
36” - 48”
Proposed 36” - 48”
Ranch Fence (Typ.)
Stone Pillar with
Dry Laid Stone Wall
36” - 48”
Proposed 36” - 48”
Ranch Fence
Residential
Entry/Exit Gates
8’ maximum height
Manned
Guardhouse
26’ max.
height
PAGE 9
Village Core Area Entry 2B-5
REMOVED 515
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Large accent trees Drifts of mixed accent grasses
with colorful shrub areas
Pump House Station
and parking
Example masonry wall - decorative
B-2 LOST CANYONS DRIVE EAST ENTRY (CONCEPTUAL)
Lost Canyons DriveLost Canyons Drive
North bound
right lane turn in
Electronic gates
Perimeter wall
516
Mixed Accent Grass Drifts with
Small Areas of Shrub Color
Large Screening Trees
Residential Card
Reader
LOST CANYONS DRIVE
Accent Trees
Large Screening Trees
Stone Pillars at Entry
14’ maximum height
Residential Entry
and Exit Gates
8’ maximum height
Large Screening Trees
Stone Pilaster
as Light Fixture
Colorful Accent Grasses
PAGE 10
Dry Canyon Entry 2B-6
REMOVED 517
Lost Canyons Drive
Tapo Canyon Road
Ditch Road / Presidio EVA (Tapo
Canyon S)
Exhibit 2C-1
Lost Canyons Drive EVA
(Village Core)
Exhibit 2C-2
Augmented
Hydroseed with Trees
and Shrubs
Augmented Hydroseed
with Trees and Shrubs
Residential Lots
Modified Roundabout to
serve as Turn-Around with
Landscape Screening
Opportunity
EVA Gate EVA Gate
PAGE 14
Anderson Road EVA (Dry Canyon) 2C-3
Potential EVA Gate Locations*
Existing Wind Row
* Final EVA Gate location TBD in consultation
with the Ventura County Fire Department
Accent Grasses
PAGE 12
Ditch Road / Presidio Drive EVA (Tapo Canyon South) 2C-1
DITCH ROAD
Wind Row
EVA Gate
Screening Trees
EVA Gate
Village Core EVA Location Map
Accent Grasses
Accent Grasses
PAGE 13
Lost Canyons Drive EVA (Village Core) 2C-2
Anderson Road EVA (Dry Canyon)
Exhibit 2C-3
PAGE 11
EVA Key Map 2C-i
REMOVED 518
EVA Gate
Screening Trees
EVA Gate
Village Core EVA Location Map
Accent Grasses
Accent Grasses
PAGE 13
Lost Canyons Drive EVA (Village Core) 2C-2
REMOVED 519
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Pedestrian Connection to
Community Trail along
Lost Canyons Dr
B-3 LOST CANYONS DRIVE MAIN ENTRY (CONCEPTUAL)
Lost Canyons Drive
Electronic gates
precedent imagery
Landscaped divider
Unmanned
Guardhouse
Accent grasses
Vertical trees to signify project area
entry
Perimeter wall
520
Potential EVA Gate Locations*
Existing Wind Row
* Final EVA Gate location TBD in consultation
with the Ventura County Fire Department
Accent Grasses
PAGE 12
Ditch Road / Presidio Drive EVA (Tapo Canyon South) 2C-1
DITCH ROAD
Wind Row
REMOVED 521
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Key Map
B-4 DITCH ROAD RESIDENTIAL LOT (CONCEPTUAL)
Single lot off Ditch Road in the
southern most portion of the
specific plan area. Site subject to
Fuel Modification requirements. Ditch Road
Private access drive
Fire Turnout
Existing Access Easement
Mixed Grasses
522
Augmented
Hydroseed with Trees
and Shrubs
Augmented Hydroseed
with Trees and Shrubs
Residential Lots
Modified Roundabout to
serve as Turn-Around with
Landscape Screening
Opportunity
EVA Gate
EVA Gate
PAGE 14
Anderson Road EVA (Dry Canyon) 2C-3
REMOVED 523
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Key Map
Single lot off Anderson Road in
the southern most portion of the
specific plan area. Site subject to
Fuel Modification requirements.
Mixed Grasses
B-5 ANDERSON ROAD RESIDENTIAL LOT
Anderson Road
Private access drive
Regional Trail
524
PAGE 15
Tapo Canyon Road Landscape 2D-1
Theme Trees
See Lost Canyons Entry
Exhibits 2B-1 and 2B-2
Ranch Fence
Small Groupings of
Trees, Shrubs & Grasses
Median Planting of Small
Trees, Shrubs and Mixed
Grasses in Drifts
Remnant Ranch Fence
“Gateway” Tree and
Shrub Planting
Drifts of Mixed Shrubs
and Native Grasses
Random Tree and
Shrub Planting
Drifts of Mixed Shrubs and Native Grasses
LOST CANYONS
DRIVE
TAPO CANYON ROAD
Native Plant Hydroseed
on Manufactured Slope
Gradual Increase in planting
density approaching project entry
Concept Plan View
Concept Birds-Eye View
REMOVED 525
Water
Quality
Basin
Drifts of Mixed Accent Grasses
with Colorful Shrub Areas
Building Envelope
Sidewalk on Outboard Side
of ROW provides Maximum
Planting Width next to Road
LOST CANYONS DRIVE
Large Trees
Oak, Olive, Pepper,
Sycamore
Natural Grass
Hydroseed Mix
on Slopes
Small Accent Trees
Ceanothus, Bottlebrush,
Revegetated Native Manzanita
Larger Vertical Trees
Hydroseeded Slope Smaller Accent Trees
Sidewalks and
Pedestrian Trails edged
with Natural Grasses
PAGE 16
Lost Canyons Drive Landscape 2D-2
(Typical)
REMOVED 526
Mixed Shrubs
Mixed Shrubs
Accent Grasses
PAGE 17
Lost Canyons Drive Landscape 2D-3
Theme Trees
Small Groupings of
Trees, Shrubs & Grasses
Drifts of Mixed Shrubs
and Grasses that are
acceptable within the
Fuel Modification Palette
Acceptable Fuel
Modification
Plant Material on
Manufactured Slope
REMOVED 527
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Large accent trees
Lost Canyons Drive
Accent Grasses and Native
Plants
Natural grasses mix (typical)
C-1 LOST CANYONS DRIVE LANDSCAPE (TYPICAL)
Sidewalk
528
Natural Hydroseed
Accent Trees
Large Trees
Mixed Accent Grass Drifts wth
Areas of Shrub Color
Graded Terrace with Shrub
and Tree Planting
Natural Hydroseed
Shrubs on Terraced Slope
Mixed Accent Grasses
Note: See Tract Map
for delineation of HOA
Common Area
Large Accent Trees
Slope Planting
Mixed Grasses
Accent Trees
PAGE 20
Terraced Slope Landscape 2D-6
REMOVED 529
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Mixed grasses
Slope planting
Large accent trees
C-2 TERRACED SLOPE TYPICAL LANDSCAPE
Concept Section
Internal road
Slope planting and landscape,
not within lot lines/property
boundaries to be maintained
by the HOA.
530
Building Envelope
Natural Hydroseed Grass Mix
on Slopes
Mixed Accent Grass
Drifts with Small Areas
of Shrub Color
Collector Road
Driveway Access (Typ.)
Shade Trees at Parking Pull Outs
Water Quality Basin
Large Trees
Oak, Olive, Pepper, Sycamore
Small Accent Trees
Ceanothus, Bottlebrush,
Revegetated Native Manzanita
Note:
See Tract Map for delineation
of HOA Common Area.
Large Trees
Accent Grasses
Shade Trees at Driveway PAGE 18
Local Collector Road Landscape (Private Loaded) 2D-4
REMOVED 531
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Local/Collector RoadLocal/Collecto
r
Ro
a
d
Natural grasses mix (typical)
Accent Trees
Drifts of Mixed Shrubs and Native Grasses
Parking cut-outs
Terraced slope
C-3 LOCAL ROAD LANDSCAPE (TYPICAL)
532
Building Envelope
Small Accent Trees
Ceanothus, Bottlebrush,
Revegetated Native Manzanita
Minor Street
Drifts of Mixed Accent
Grasses with Colorful
Shrub Areas
Large Trees
Oak, Olive, Pepper,
Sycamore
Natural Grass
Hydroseed Mix
Note:
See Tract Map for delineation
of HOA Common Area.
Colorful Accent Grasses
Small Accent Trees
Large Vertical Trees
PAGE 19
Minor Road Landscape (Private) 2D-5
REMOVED 533
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Local/Minor Road
Small Accent Grasses
and Native Landscaping
Parking cut-out
C-4 LOCAL/MINOR ROAD LANDSCAPE (TYPICAL)
Accent Trees
Accent trees
534
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Lost Canyons Drive
Key Map
Tapo Canyon Road
Local/Minor Road
Colorful accent grasses
Use of California native plants
Accent trees
C-5 LOCAL/MINOR ROAD LANDSCAPE (CORNER LOT - TYPICAL)
535
ELEVATION
Naturalized Unobtrusive Signage
Naturalized Trail along Roadway Naturalized Trail along Slope Area PAGE 21
Public / Private Trail Interface 2D-7
REMOVED 536
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Trails can be accessed from
the various points within the
plan area and will provide
multiple walking and hiking
routes for residents as well as
the public.
C-6 CONCEPTUAL TRAIL INTERFACE
Paved trail along roadway
Naturalized trail
Naturalized trail
Trailhead
Naturalized unobtrusive signage
537
PAGE 23
Water Tank Landscape Screening 2D-9
Earthen Berms in Combination with
Landscaping for Optimal Screening
Water Tank
Water Tank
CONCEPT PLAN VIEW
Water Tank Location
REMOVED 538
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Water Tank
Water Tank
C-7 CONCEPTUAL WATER TANK LANDSCAPE SCREENING/LANDSCAPE Earthen berms in combination with
landscaping for optimal screening
Water tank location
539
PAGE 25
Sign Location Concept 2E-1
REMOVED 540
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
SHEET OF 1
PREPARED BY:
engineering consultants
rtm 1
1 in =
0 125 250
250 ft
SPEED LIMIT
EMERGENCY VEHICLE ACCESS
STOP
STREET NAME COMBO
STOP/STREET NAME COMBO
YEILD
NEIGHBORHOOD MONUMENT
PROJECT ID
DIRECTIONAL SIGN
SHEET OF 11
1 in =
0 125 250
250 ft
SPEED LIMIT
EMERGENCY VEHICLE ACCESS
STOP
STREET NAME COMBO
STOP/STREET NAME COMBO
YEILD
NEIGHBORHOOD MONUMENT
PROJECT ID
DIRECTIONAL SIGN
D-1 STREETS, SIGNAGE, ENTRANCE, AND EVA LOCATIONS
541
PAGE 26
Sign Program Concept 2E-2
SIGNAGE AND MONUMENTATION PROGRAM
Signage and monumentation at Lost Canyons plays a significant role in the overall community image. Signage and monumentation program(s) will be prepared in the future and shall detail the community-wide identification program, as well as a cohesive, well-articulated, direction system for the community. Improvement, design and construction drawings shall be prepared prior to Final Map recordation.
Typical Contents of a Sign Program Typical Improvement Design Drawings Project Entry Monumentation
Community Amenity Monumentation
Community Directional
Proposed Signage and Monumentation Notes:
• Project Entry Monumentation: 24 square feet maximum sign copy area, 8 feet maximum height above ground, 1 set per entry and lighting program per Sign Program document noted above. • Community Amenity Monuments: 24 square feet maximum sign copy area, 8 feet maximum height above ground, 1 set per entry and lighting program per Sign Program document noted above. • Community Directional: 24 square feet maximum sign copy area, 8 feet maximum height above ground, 1 set per entry and lighting program per Sign Program document noted above. • Traffic related and/or signs required by law shall conform to City of Simi Valley Code Section Traffic Related Signs 9-37.050 General Requirements.
REMOVED 542
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
D-2 EXAMPLE SIGN PROGRAM CONTENTS
TYPICAL SIGNAGE AND MONUMENTATION PROGRAM CONTENT
Signage and monumentation at Lost Canyons will play a significant role in the overall community image. A signage and monumentation program(s) will be prepared in the future and shall detail the community-wide identification program, as well as a cohesive, well-articulated, direction system for the community. The details below are examples of the typical content to be included in a signage and monumentation program.
EXAMPLE OF TYPICAL CONTENTS OF A SIGN PROGRAM
EXAMPLE PROJECT ENTRY MONUMENTATION
EXAMPLE COMMUNITY AMENITY
MONUMENTATION
EXAMPLE TRAFFIC RELATED SIGNS
EXAMPLE IMPROVEMENT DESIGN DRAWINGS
EXAMPLE SIGNANGE AND MONUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS
• Project Entry Monumentation: XX square feet maximum sign copy area, X feet maximum height above ground, 1 set per entry and lighting program per Sign Program document noted above.
• Community Amenity Monuments: XX square feet maximum sign copy area, X feet maximum height above ground, 1 set per entry and lighting program per Sign Program document noted above.
• Community Directional: XX square feet maximum sign copy area, X feet maximum height above ground, 1 set per entry and lighting program per Sign Program document noted above.
• Traffic related and/or signs required by law shall conform to City of Simi Valley Code Section 9-37.050 General Requirements.
543
PAGE 22
Common Area / Natural Open Space Fuel Modification 2D-8 REMOVED 544
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
LOT
323
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338
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PARCEL
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>
>
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> > >
M M
S
S
LOT
292
LOT
4 LOT LOST CANYONS DRIVE
309
TAPO CANYON ROAD
CDFW
JURISDICTIONAL
LIMIT
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LOT BZ
LOT CV
LOT C
LOT CV
LOT BS
LOT G
LOT BO
LOT A
LOT BL
LOT CX LOT I
LOT BL
LOT X
LOT CC
LOT DA
LOT BL
LOT F
LOT E
LOT CB
LOT CA
LOT CR
LOT CP
LOT CQ
LOT CS
LOT Q
LOT Q
LOT CV
LOT CT
LOT R
LOT AZ
LOT A
LOT D
LOT BS
LOT BR
LOT BQ
LOT BV
LOT BX
LOT BU
LOT BW
LOT BW
LOT BL
LOT BL
LOT BL
LOT AM
LOT BL
LOT CW
LOT G
LOT BO
LOT BM
LOT E
LOT C
LOT A
LOT R
LOT CP
LOT BL
LOT CX LOT I
LOT CF
NORTH
0 150' 300' 600'
Common Minimum Size at
Time of Planting WUCOLS
Western Redbud 15 Gallon Low
Sycamore 15 Gallon Moderate
Mexican Elderberry 15 Gallon Low
Common Yarrow 1 Gallon Low
Purple Threeawn (30') 1 Gallon Low
Blue Grama Grass (30') 1 Gallon Low
Dune Sedge (30') 1 Gallon Moderate
Prince' ² Canyon Prince Wild Rye (30') 1 Gallon Low
Coast Sunflower (30') 1 Gallon Very Low
Toyon (30') 1 Gallon Low
¹ Quartz Creek Soft Rush (30') 1 Gallon Moderate
California Gray Rush (30') 1 Gallon Low
Dwarf Mat Rush (30') 1 Gallon Moderate
Dwarf Red Fountain Grass (100') 1 Gallon Low
Coffeeberry (30') 1 Gallon Low
Golden Eyed Grass (30') 1 Gallon Moderate
ES - ZONE '1' & '2'
Common Minimum Size at
Time of Planting WUCOLS
Strawberry Tree (30') 15 Gallon Low
Bottle Tree 15 Gallon Low
Foothill Ash 24" Box Low
American Sweet Gum 24" Box Moderate
Chilean and Honey Mesquite 24" Box Low
d' London Plane Tree 15 Gallon Moderate
California Sycamore 15 Gallon Moderate
Coast Live Oak (30') 24" Box Low
Blue Oak (30') 24" Box Low
Engelmann Oak (30') 24" Box Low
African Sumac (30') 24" Box Low
Blue Elderberry 15 Gallon Low
R
t' Desert Carpet Acacia (30') 1 Gallon Low
old
Gold Carpet Wattle (30') 1 Gallon Low
Agave 5 Gallon Low
Aloe 5 Gallon Low
Little John Bottlebrush (30') 1 Gallon Moderate
Rockrose 1 Gallon Low
Jade Plant 1 Gallon Low
Lily 1 Gallon Low
Coast Sunflower (30') 1 Gallon Very Low
Blue Fescue 1 Gallon Moderate
NCN 1 Gallon Low
No common name 1 Gallon Low
Toyon (30') 1 Gallon Low
Red-Hot Pocker 1 Gallon Low
Spanish Lavender 1 Gallon Low
Texas Sage (100') 1 Gallon Low
Sea Lavender 1 Gallon Low
Silver Lupine 1 Gallon Low
Grape Soda Lupine 1 Gallon Low
Creeping Myoporum 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Pacific Myoporum 1 Gallon Low
Prickly Pear 1 Gallon Very Low
Wild Rose 1 Gallon Low
atus" Creeping Rosemary (30') 1 Gallon Very Low
Sage (100') 1 Gallon Low-Mod
Blue Chalk Sticks 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Coast Rosemary (30') 1 Gallon Low
zon' 'Low Horizon' Coast Rosemary 1 Gallon Low
Yucca 5 Gallon Low
Yarrow 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Rockrose 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Siskiyou Blue Fescue 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Lantana 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Mexican Cardinal Flower 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Creeping Myoporum 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Stonecrops 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Blue Chalk Sticks 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Germander 1 Gallon or Flats Low
Sodded Grasses Sod Low
T planted on any combustible structure)
Coral Vine 5 Gallon Low
Lilac Vine 5 Gallon Low
Cat's Claw Creeper 5 Gallon Low
Magnolia 5 Gallon Moderate
es as noted above
INVASIVE SPECIES - Removal within all fuel mod zones
Botanical Common
TREES
Cupressus sp. Cypress
Eucalyptus sp. Eucalyptus
Juniperus sp. Juniper
Nicotiana glauca Tree Tobacco
Phoenix canariensis Canary Island Date Palm
Botanical Common Stock Type Lbs/Acre
Acmispon glaber Deerweed Seed 4
Amsinckia intermedia Common Fiddleneck Seed 1.5
*Artemisia californica California Sagebrush Seed 1
*Baccharis pilularis Coyote Brush Seed 0.5
Chenopodium californicum California Goosefoot Seed 1
Deinandra fasciculata Clustered Tarweed Seed 0.5
Encelia californica Bush Sunflower Seed 1.5
*Eriogonum fasciculatum Buckwheat Seed 1.5
Eschscholzia californica California Poppy Seed 3
Festuca microstachys Small Fescue Seed 6
Hazardia squarrosa Saw-toothed Goldenbush Seed 1
Lasthenia glabrata Coast Goldfields Seed 0.5
Lupinus succulentus Arroyo Lupine Seed 3
Malacothamnus fasciculatus Chaparral Mallow Seed 1
Mimulus aurantiacus aurantiacus Sticky Monkey Flower Seed 0.1 Phacelia tanacetifolia Tansy Leafed Phacelia Seed 3
*Salvia apiana White Sage Seed 0.5
*Salvia columbariae Chia Seed 0.25
*Salvia leucophylla Purple Sage Seed 1.5
*Salvia mellifera Black Sage Seed 1
Total 32.35
* Target species
Olea europaea Olive
Phoenix canariensis Canary Island Date Palm
Pinus sp. Pine
Robinia pseudoacacia Black Locust
Schinus molle California Pepper
Schinus terebithifolius Brazilian Pepper
Washingtonia robusta Mexican Fan Palm
SHRUBS
Anthemis cotula Mayweed
Brassica nigra Black Mustard
Brassica rapa Wild Turnip, Yellow Mustard
Cardaria draba Noary Cress
Centaurea solstitialis Yellow Star-Thistle
Cirsium vulgare Wild Artichoke
Conyza canadensis Horseweed
Cortaderia selloana Pampas Grass
Cotoneaster sp. Cotoneaster
Cynara cardunculus Artichoke Thistle
Datura wrightii Jimsonweed
Echium fastuosum Pride of Madeira
Euphorbia sp. Euphorbia
Foeniculum vulgare Fennel
Heterotheca grandiflora Telegraph Plant
Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce
Nicotiana bigelovii Indian Tobacco
Pennisetum setaceum Fountain Grass
Pyracantha sp. Firethorn
LAKE
Table 3 VCFD FMZ Spacing Table 3 Notes:
a. Spacing is measured canopy to canopy at maturity. See Chapter 5 examples.
b. Slopes greater than 20%, For grouping of ground cover and shrubs over 6-inches high, the maximum horizontal distance running with the slope shall not exceed 10-feet before spacing is required to the next grouping.
c. Use Zone 1 Spacing for plants and trees located between and or overlapping Zone 1 and 2.
d. Privacy screening using plants and trees must still comply with height, width and spacing requirements of Table 3.
Additional Requirements all Zones:
3.5 Additional Requirements all Zones.
Prohibited Plants. Plants and trees listed in Fire Department Guideline 410 - Prohibited Plant List or identified as “*Target” (undesirable) plants and trees in Fire Department Guideline 417 - Plant Reference Guide shall not be planted within any zone. It is highly recommended that no new invasive plants be installed, and that any existing invasive plants be removed.
Grasses. Natural or annual grasses shall be mowed to a maximum height of 3-inch stubble with clippings removed.
Chimney & Stovepipe Clearance. The horizontal and vertical clearance to any chimney outlet or heat-producing device shall not be less than 10-feet.
Ground Clearance of Trees. Trees exceeding 6-feet in height shall be limbed up from the ground 6-feet or 1/3 the height of the tree, whichever is less. Exception: Fruit trees when approved, shall provide a minimum 12-inch clearance above ground. See Chapter 5 example.
Ground cover under tree canopy. When approved ground cover and shrubs are located underneath trees, the vertical clearance to the lowest branch of the tree canopy shall not be less than three times the height of ground cover or shrub under or adjacent to the tree. The horizontal clearance shall be 3-feet from the trunk of the tree. See Chapter 5 example.
Maintenance. All plants and trees, including dried palm fronds, shall be maintained free of dead and dying wood, leaves, and limbs that can increase ability to ignite and/or carry fire.
Tree Litter. Tree litter shall not exceed 2-inches in depth underneath tree canopies and shall be kept back a minimum of 12-inches from any tree trunk.
Mulch and Wood Chips. Combustible mulch and wood chips shall comply with Fire Department Standard 517 and are not allowed within 5-feet of structures.
Continuous Tree Canopies.
New Structures. Continuous tree canopies are not allowed. Tree spacing shall be in accordance with Table 3 of this standard.
Existing Structures Prior to April 19, 2019. Continuous tree canopies may be allowed as determined by the Fire Code Official but will require the complete removal of any understory and smaller trees to meet requirements for a shaded fuel zone. Any remaining trees shall be limbed up a minimum 12 feet from the ground or 1/3 the tree height, whichever is less. The intent is to not allow a crown (canopy) fire to spread unchecked to a structure and to bring any crown fire down to the ground level prior to Zone 1.
Accessory Storage Buildings. New accessory buildings of any size install after January 1, 2023 and located within 50-feet of an applicable building on the same parcel shall be constructed of non-combustible materials or of ignition-resistant materials as required in California Building Code CBC) Section 704A.2.
Erosion Control. Erosion control must be considered when conducting fuel modification/clearance work and when designing / installing new landscape. Contact the local jurisdiction, typically the public works agency, to determine if any specific erosion control is required. Plants and trees selected for erosion control are still required to comply with the VCFC and this Standard.
FUEL MOD. LEGEND
ZONE 2 - Non-Irrigated (Graded Slopes will be irrigated)
SYMBOL LEGEND
CSS RESTORATION OUTSIDE OF FUEL MOD ZONE
(MASTER DEVELOPER)
CSS REVEGETATION WITHIN GRADED AREA
OUTSIDE OF FUEL MOD ZONE (HOA MAINTAINED)
CSS ENHANCEMENT RESTORATION OUTSIDE OF
FUEL MOD ZONE (MASTER DEVELOPER)
PROPERTY LINE
CDFW JURISDICTIONAL LIMIT
ZONE 21 - Reduced Fuel Zone - HOA Maintained Irrigated Slopes Ornamental irrigated slopes and roadside treatment areas. Landscaping per Plant Palette for Zone 21 & 2 to 100' from structures. Planted per spacing table 3 above
GILLIBRAND CREEK
HOA MAINTAINED
BASIN LANDSCAPE (HOA MAINTAINED)
ZONE 1 - Zone 1 (Setback from Structure) is the area within 5-30 feet of structures and decks with slopes not greater than 20 percent; 5-50 feet from buildings and decks when slopes are greater than 20 percent. This is the minimal planting zone and very limited trees of a fire-resistive type and additional spacing. Trees: New trees shall be planted and maintained so that the tree's drip line at maturity is a minimum of 10-feet (3048 mm) from any combustible structure. See Table 3 - VCFD FMZ Spacing, for plant and tree height, width, and space requirements. Portion within pad/property line maintained by homeowner. Portion outside pad/property line maintained by HOA.
ZONE 0 - Ember Resistant Zone - Zone 0 is the horizontal area within the first five feet around the structure, any outbuildings, and attached decks, and stairs. Zone 0 is measured from the edge of a structure, attached decks, patio covers, balconies, and floor projections above grade. The zone also includes the area under attached decks and stair landings. This should be a "lean" or no planting zone. It is highly recommended to be a non-combustible zone. No combustible landscape mulch or wood chips. Use clear soil, rocks, gravel or concrete. Artificial or synthetic grass is prohibited within Zone 0.
MIN. 20'-0" BUILDING SETBACK FROM
REAR PROPERTY LINE
MIN. 15'-0" BUILDING SETBACK FROM
FRONT PROPERTY LINE
MIN. 10'-0" BUILDING SETBACK FROM
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
PROJECT BY SHEET TITLE REVISIONS
DRAWN
CHECKED
DATE
AS
BC
OCTOBER 152025
OWNER
STAMP
REC CENTER
PHASE 2
PHASE 1
PH1 PH2
PH1 PH2
CDFW
JURISDICTIONAL
LIMIT
CSS Revegetation Coverage outside of
Fuel Mod limit temporary irrigation
50 ft
Zone 1
50 ft
Zone 2
PROPERTY OWNER MAINTAINED
HOA MAINTAINED
Note:
In some cases Zone 1 setback area will be greater than 20 ft.
Sideyard at Fuel Mod edge - 10' min. to ⅊, additional 10' beyond ⅊ pad (HOA)
Planting / Thinning Zone
Required building
setback
Dimension varies
EDGE OF / BUILDING
ENVELOPE
5 ft
Zone 0
20' MIN.
FUEL MODIFICATION ZONE 1 AND 2 - HYDROSEED MIX
Botanical Common Lbs/Acre
Acmispon glaber Deerweed 4
Amsinckia intermedia Common Fiddleneck 1.5
Chenopodium californicum California Goosefoot 1
Deinandra fasciculata Clustered Tarweed 0.5
Encelia californica Bush Sunflower 1.5
Eschscholzia californica California Poppy 3
Festuca microstachys Small Fescue 6
Hazardia squarrosa Saw-toothed Goldenbush 1
Lasthenia glabrata Coast Goldfields 0.5
Lupinus succulentus Arroyo Lupine 3
Malacothamnus fasciculatus Chaparral Mallow 1
Mimulus aurantiacus aurantiacus Sticky Monkey Flower 0.1 Phacelia tanacetifolia Tansy Leafed Phacelia 3
Total 26.1
LOT
18 LOT
BI
LOT
BJ
NORTH
0 150' 300' 600'
Table 3 VCFD FMZ Spacing
canopy to canopy at maturity. See Chapter 5
0%, For grouping of ground cover and shrubs
e maximum horizontal distance running with
ceed 10-feet before spacing is required to the
or plants and trees located between and or
nd 2.
g plants and trees must still comply with
cing requirements of Table 3.
ts all Zones:
ts all Zones.
nd trees listed in Fire Department Guideline
or identified as “*Target” (undesirable) plants
nt Guideline 417 - Plant Reference Guide shall
zone. It is highly recommended that no new
and that any existing invasive plants be
grasses shall be mowed to a maximum height
pings removed.
rance. The horizontal and vertical clearance to
-producing device shall not be less than
s. Trees exceeding 6-feet in height shall be
6-feet or 1/3 the height of the tree, whichever
s when approved, shall provide a minimum
ound. See Chapter 5 example.
canopy. When approved ground cover and
ath trees, the vertical clearance to the lowest
hall not be less than three times the height of
er or adjacent to the tree. The horizontal
om the trunk of the tree. See Chapter 5
nd trees, including dried palm fronds, shall be
d dying wood, leaves, and limbs that can
d/or carry fire.
l not exceed 2-inches in depth underneath
kept back a minimum of 12-inches from any
Combustible mulch and wood chips shall
ent Standard 517 and are not allowed within
s.
us tree canopies are not allowed. Tree spacing
Table 3 of this standard.
April 19, 2019. Continuous tree canopies may
by the Fire Code Official but will require the
nderstory and smaller trees to meet
fuel zone. Any remaining trees shall be limbed
m the ground or 1/3 the tree height, whichever
allow a crown (canopy) fire to spread
nd to bring any crown fire down to the ground
s. New accessory buildings of any size install
ocated within 50-feet of an applicable building
constructed of non-combustible materials or
ls as required in California Building Code CBC)
ntrol must be considered when conducting
work and when designing / installing new
al jurisdiction, typically the public works
y specific erosion control is required. Plants and
ontrol are still required to comply with the
FUEL MOD. LEGEND
ZONE 2 - Non-Irrigated (Graded Slopes will be irrigated) HOA maintained, beginning at the end of Zone 1 extending outward to 100' from structure. Planted/thinned per Spacing Table above.
SYMBOL LEGEND
CSS RESTORATION OUTSIDE OF FUEL MOD ZONE
(MASTER DEVELOPER)
CSS REVEGETATION WITHIN GRADED AREA
OUTSIDE OF FUEL MOD ZONE (HOA MAINTAINED)
CSS ENHANCEMENT RESTORATION OUTSIDE OF
FUEL MOD ZONE (MASTER DEVELOPER)
PROPERTY LINE
CDFW JURISDICTIONAL LIMIT
ZONE 21 - Reduced Fuel Zone - HOA Maintained Irrigated Slopes Ornamental irrigated slopes and roadside treatment areas. Landscaping per Plant Palette for Zone 21 & 2 to 100' from structures. Planted per spacing table 3 above
GILLIBRAND CREEK
HOA MAINTAINED
BASIN LANDSCAPE (HOA MAINTAINED)
ZONE 1 - Zone 1 (Setback from Structure) is the area within 5-30 feet of structures and decks with slopes not greater than 20 percent; 5-50 feet from buildings and decks when slopes are greater than 20 percent. This is the minimal planting zone and very limited trees of a fire-resistive type and additional spacing. Trees: New trees shall be planted and maintained so that the tree's drip line at maturity is a minimum of 10-feet (3048 mm) from any combustible structure. See Table 3 - VCFD FMZ Spacing, for plant and tree height, width, and space requirements. Portion within pad/property line maintained by homeowner. Portion outside pad/property line maintained by HOA.
ZONE 0 - Ember Resistant Zone - Zone 0 is the horizontal area within the first five feet around the structure, any outbuildings, and attached decks, and stairs. Zone 0 is measured from the edge of a structure, attached decks, patio covers, balconies, and floor projections above grade. The zone also includes the area under attached decks and stair landings. This should be a "lean" or no planting zone. It is highly recommended to be a non-combustible zone. No combustible landscape mulch or wood chips. Use clear soil, rocks, gravel or concrete. Artificial or synthetic grass is prohibited within Zone 0.
MIN. 20'-0" BUILDING SETBACK FROM
REAR PROPERTY LINE
MIN. 15'-0" BUILDING SETBACK FROM
FRONT PROPERTY LINE
MIN. 10'-0" BUILDING SETBACK FROM
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
PROJECT
SHEET TITLE
DRAWN
CHECKED
DATE
JOB NO.
SHEET
OF SHEETS
blication thereof is expressly limited to such use. Reproduction, publication, or reuse by any method, in whole or in part without the express consent of Clark & Green Associates is prohibited. Title to the plans and specifications remain in Clark & Green Associates without prejudice. Visual contact with these plans and specifications shall constitute prima facie evidence of the acceptance of these restrictions.
AS
BC
OCTOBER 15, 2025
24-258
OWNER
PH1 PH2
PH1 PH2
NOTES:
NO THINNING FOR FUEL MOD PERMITTED
WITHIN JURISDICTIONAL LIMIT.
50 ft
Zone 1
50 ft
Zone 2
PROPERTY OWNER MAINTAINED
HOA MAINTAINED
Note:
In some cases Zone 1 setback area will be greater than 20 ft.
Sideyard at Fuel Mod edge - 10' min. to ⅊, additional 10' beyond ⅊ pad (HOA)
Planting / Thinning Zone
Required building
setback
Dimension varies
EDGE OF / BUILDING
ENVELOPE
5 ft
Zone 0
20' MIN.
LOT
323
LOT
338
LOT
337
LOT
336
LOT
335
LOT
334
LOT
333 LOT
332 LOT
331
LOT
330
LOT
329 LOT
328 LOT
327 LOT
326 LOT
325 LOT
324
LOT
322
LOT 242
LOT
321 LOT
320 LOT
319
LOT
318
LOT
317
LOT
316
LOT
315
LOT
282
LOT
281
LOT
280
LOT
279
LOT
278
LOT
277
LOT
253
LOT 254
LOT 255
LOT 256
LOT 257
LOT 258
LOT 259
LOT 260
LOT 261
LOT 262
LOT 263
LOT 264
LOT 265
LOT 266
LOT 267
LOT 268
LOT 269
LOT
339
LOT
340
LOT
341 LOT
342
LOT
343
LOT
344
LOT 354
LOT 355
LOT 356
LOT 357
LOT 358
LOT 359
LOT 360
LOT 361
LOT 362
LOT 73
LOT 74
LOT 345
LOT 346
LOT 347
LOT 348
LOT 349
LOT 350
LOT 351
LOT 352
LOT 353
LOT
75 LOT
76 LOT
77 LOT
78 LOT
151 LOT
152
LOT
153
LOT
154
LOT
155
LOT
156
LOT
157
LOT
158
LOT
159
LOT
160
LOT
161 LOT
162 LOT
163 LOT
164
LOT
165
LOT
166
LOT
167
LOT
168 LOT
169 LOT
170 LOT
171 LOT
172 LOT
173
LOT
174
LOT
175
LOT
176
LOT
177
LOT
178
LOT 238
LOT 237
LOT 239
LOT 240
LOT 241
LOT 243
LOT 250
LOT 244
LOT 245
LOT 246
LOT 247
LOT 248
LOT 249
LOT 179
LOT 252
LOT 251
LOT 180
LOT
98 LOT
181
LOT
182
LOT
183
LOT
184
LOT
185
LOT
186
LOT
187 LOT
LOT 188
LOT 189
LOT 190
191 LOT
192 LOT
193
LOT
194
LOT
195
LOT
196 LOT
197
LOT
198
LOT
199
LOT
200
LOT
201
LOT
202 LOT
225 LOT
226
LOT 236
LOT 235
LOT 234
LOT 233
LOT 232
LOT 231
LOT 230
LOT 229
LOT 228
LOT 227 LOT 224
LOT 223
LOT 222
LOT 221
LOT 220
LOT 215
LOT 214
LOT 213
LOT
212 LOT
LOT 211
LOT 210
209
LOT
208
LOT
207
LOT
206
LOT
205
LOT
204
LOT
203
LOT
105 LOT
106 LOT
107 LOT
108
LOT
109
LOT
110
LOT
111
LOT
113
LOT
116 LOT
115 LOT
114
LOT
217
LOT
216
LOT
79 LOT
81 LOT
82 LOT
83 LOT
84 LOT
85 LOT
86 LOT
87 LOT
88 LOT
89 LOT
90 LOT
91 LOT
92 LOT
93 LOT
94 LOT
95 LOT
96 LOT
97 LOT
99 LOT
100
LOT
101
LOT
102
LOT
145
LOT
146
LOT
147
LOT
148
LOT
149
LOT
150
LOT
143
LOT
144
LOT
80 LOT
112
LOT
218
LOT
219
LOT
103
LOT
18 LOT
22 CF
LOT
22 LOT
BI
LOT
BJ
LOT
BF
PARCEL
A
LOT
BG
LOT
BC LOT
LOT BL
CE
LOT
AL
LOT
CJ
PARCEL
C
X
X X
X X X X
X X X X
X
X
X X X X X
X
X
X
>
>
>
> > >
M M
S
S
LOT
292
LOT LOST CANYONS DRIVE
309
TAPO CANYON ROAD
LOT 58
LOT 57
LOT 56
LOT 55
LOT 54
LOT 53
LOT 52
LOT 45
LOT 46
LOT 47
LOT 48
LOT 44
LOT 43
LOT 42
LOT 41
LOT 40
LOT 39
LOT 38
LOT 37
LOT 36
LOT 35
LOT 34
LOT 25
LOT 24
LOT 23
LOT 22
LOT 21
LOT 33
LOT 32
LOT 31
LOT 30
LOT 29
LOT 28
LOT 27
LOT 26
LOT
20 LOT
19 LOT
18 LOT
17 LOT 59
LOT 60
LOT 61
LOT 62
LOT 63
LOT 64
LOT 65
LOT 66
LOT 67
LOT 68
LOT 69
LOT 70
LOT 71
LOT 72
LOT 50
LOT 51
LOT
104
LOT
134
LOT
117 LOT
118 LOT
119
LOT
120
LOT
122
LOT
123
LOT
124 LOT
125 LOT
126 LOT
127 LOT
128 LOT
129 LOT
130 LOT
131
LOT
132
LOT
136
LOT
135
LOT
137
LOT
139
LOT
138
LOT
142
LOT
140
LOT
141
LOT
121
LOT 49
LOT
133
LOT
314 LOT
300 LOT
301 LOT
302 LOT
303 LOT
304 LOT
305
LOT
306 LOT
307 LOT
308
LOT
310
LOT
311 LOT
312
LOT
313
LOT
299
LOT
298 LOT
297
LOT
296
LOT
295
LOT
294
LOT
293
LOT
291
LOT
284
LOT
290
LOT
289
LOT
288
LOT
287
LOT
286
LOT
285
LOT
283
S
X
X X
X X X X
X X X X
X
X
X X X X X
X
X
X
>
> > > >
>
>
>
>
LOT CT
LOT R
LOT CR
LOT CS
LOT Q
LOT BZ
LOT CV
LOT C
LOT CV
LOT BS
LOT G
LOT BO
LOT A
LOT BL
LOT CX LOT I
LOT X
LOT CC
LOT DA
LOT BL
LOT F
LOT E
LOT CB
LOT CA
LOT CR
LOT CP
LOT CQ
LOT CS
LOT Q
LOT Q
LOT CV
LOT CT
LOT R
LOT AZ
LOT A
LOT D
LOT BS
LOT BR
LOT BQ
LOT BV
LOT BX
LOT BU
LOT BW
LOT BW
LOT BL
LOT BL
LOT CW
LOT G
LOT BO
LOT E
LOT C
LOT A
LOT R
LOT CP
LOT BL
LOT CX LOT I
LOT CF
NORTH
0 150' 300' 600'
Stock Type Lbs/Acre
Seed 4
eck Seed 1.5
sh Seed 1
Seed 0.5
oot Seed 1
d Seed 0.5
Seed 1.5
Seed 1.5
Seed 3
Seed 6
enbush Seed 1
Seed 0.5
Seed 3
Seed 1
wer Seed 0.1
celia Seed 3
Seed 0.5
Seed 0.25
Seed 1.5
Seed 1
32.35 LAKE
Table 3 VCFD FMZ Spacing Table 3 Notes:
a. Spacing is measured canopy to canopy at maturity. See Chapter 5 examples.
b. Slopes greater than 20%, For grouping of ground cover and shrubs over 6-inches high, the maximum horizontal distance running with the slope shall not exceed 10-feet before spacing is required to the next grouping.
c. Use Zone 1 Spacing for plants and trees located between and or overlapping Zone 1 and 2.
d. Privacy screening using plants and trees must still comply with height, width and spacing requirements of Table 3.
Additional Requirements all Zones:
3.5 Additional Requirements all Zones.
Prohibited Plants. Plants and trees listed in Fire Department Guideline 410 - Prohibited Plant List or identified as “*Target” (undesirable) plants and trees in Fire Department Guideline 417 - Plant Reference Guide shall not be planted within any zone. It is highly recommended that no new invasive plants be installed, and that any existing invasive plants be removed.
Grasses. Natural or annual grasses shall be mowed to a maximum height of 3-inch stubble with clippings removed.
Chimney & Stovepipe Clearance. The horizontal and vertical clearance to any chimney outlet or heat-producing device shall not be less than 10-feet.
Ground Clearance of Trees. Trees exceeding 6-feet in height shall be limbed up from the ground 6-feet or 1/3 the height of the tree, whichever is less. Exception: Fruit trees when approved, shall provide a minimum 12-inch clearance above ground. See Chapter 5 example.
Ground cover under tree canopy. When approved ground cover and shrubs are located underneath trees, the vertical clearance to the lowest branch of the tree canopy shall not be less than three times the height of ground cover or shrub under or adjacent to the tree. The horizontal clearance shall be 3-feet from the trunk of the tree. See Chapter 5 example.
Maintenance. All plants and trees, including dried palm fronds, shall be maintained free of dead and dying wood, leaves, and limbs that can increase ability to ignite and/or carry fire.
Tree Litter. Tree litter shall not exceed 2-inches in depth underneath tree canopies and shall be kept back a minimum of 12-inches from any tree trunk.
Mulch and Wood Chips. Combustible mulch and wood chips shall comply with Fire Department Standard 517 and are not allowed within 5-feet of structures.
Continuous Tree Canopies.
New Structures. Continuous tree canopies are not allowed. Tree spacing shall be in accordance with Table 3 of this standard.
Existing Structures Prior to April 19, 2019. Continuous tree canopies may be allowed as determined by the Fire Code Official but will require the complete removal of any understory and smaller trees to meet requirements for a shaded fuel zone. Any remaining trees shall be limbed up a minimum 12 feet from the ground or 1/3 the tree height, whichever is less. The intent is to not allow a crown (canopy) fire to spread unchecked to a structure and to bring any crown fire down to the ground level prior to Zone 1.
Accessory Storage Buildings. New accessory buildings of any size install after January 1, 2023 and located within 50-feet of an applicable building on the same parcel shall be constructed of non-combustible materials or of ignition-resistant materials as required in California Building Code CBC) Section 704A.2.
Erosion Control. Erosion control must be considered when conducting fuel modification/clearance work and when designing / installing new landscape. Contact the local jurisdiction, typically the public works agency, to determine if any specific erosion control is required. Plants and trees selected for erosion control are still required to comply with the VCFC and this Standard.
FUEL MOD. LEGEND
ZONE 2 - Non-Irrigated (Graded Slopes will be irrigated) HOA maintained, beginning at the end of Zone 1 extending outward to 100' from structure. Planted/thinned per Spacing Table above.
SYMBOL LEGEND
CSS RESTORATION OUTSIDE OF FUEL MOD ZONE
(MASTER DEVELOPER)
CSS REVEGETATION WITHIN GRADED AREA
OUTSIDE OF FUEL MOD ZONE (HOA MAINTAINED)
CSS ENHANCEMENT RESTORATION OUTSIDE OF
FUEL MOD ZONE (MASTER DEVELOPER)
PROPERTY LINE
CDFW JURISDICTIONAL LIMIT
ZONE 21 - Reduced Fuel Zone - HOA Maintained Irrigated Slopes Ornamental irrigated slopes and roadside treatment areas. Landscaping per Plant Palette for Zone 21 & 2 to 100' from structures. Planted per spacing table 3 above
GILLIBRAND CREEK
HOA MAINTAINED
BASIN LANDSCAPE (HOA MAINTAINED)
ZONE 1 - Zone 1 (Setback from Structure) is the area within 5-30 feet of structures and decks with slopes not greater than 20 percent; 5-50 feet from buildings and decks when slopes are greater than 20 percent. This is the minimal planting zone and very limited trees of a fire-resistive type and additional spacing. Trees: New trees shall be planted and maintained so that the tree's drip line at maturity is a minimum of 10-feet (3048 mm) from any combustible structure. See Table 3 - VCFD FMZ Spacing, for plant and tree height, width, and space requirements. Portion within pad/property line maintained by homeowner. Portion outside pad/property line maintained by HOA.
ZONE 0 - Ember Resistant Zone - Zone 0 is the horizontal area within the first five feet around the structure, any outbuildings, and attached decks, and stairs. Zone 0 is measured from the edge of a structure, attached decks, patio covers, balconies, and floor projections above grade. The zone also includes the area under attached decks and stair landings. This should be a "lean" or no planting zone. It is highly recommended to be a non-combustible zone. No combustible landscape mulch or wood chips. Use clear soil, rocks, gravel or concrete. Artificial or synthetic grass is prohibited within Zone 0.
MIN. 20'-0" BUILDING SETBACK FROM
REAR PROPERTY LINE
MIN. 15'-0" BUILDING SETBACK FROM
FRONT PROPERTY LINE
MIN. 10'-0" BUILDING SETBACK FROM
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
PROJECT
SHEET TITLE REVISIONS
DRAWN
CHECKED
DATE
JOB NO.
SHEET
OF SHEETS
use of these plans and specifications shall be restricted to the original site for which they were prepared and publication thereof is expressly limited to such use. Reproduction, publication, or reuse by any method, in whole or in part without the express consent of Clark & Green Associates is prohibited. Title to the plans and specifications remain in Clark & Green Associates without prejudice. Visual contact with these plans and specifications shall constitute prima facie evidence of the acceptance of these restrictions.
AS
BC
OCTOBER 15, 2025
24-258
OWNER
REC CENTER
PHASE 2
PHASE 1
PH1 PH2
PH1 PH2
CDFW
JURISDICTIONAL
LIMIT
NOTES:
NO THINNING FOR FUEL MOD PERMITTED
WITHIN JURISDICTIONAL LIMIT.
50 ft
Zone 1
50 ft
Zone 2
PROPERTY OWNER MAINTAINED
HOA MAINTAINED
Note:
In some cases Zone 1 setback area will be greater than 20 ft.
Sideyard at Fuel Mod edge - 10' min. to ⅊, additional 10' beyond ⅊ pad (HOA)
Planting / Thinning Zone
Required building
setback
Dimension varies
EDGE OF / BUILDING
ENVELOPE
5 ft
Zone 0
20' MIN.
ROSEED MIX
Lbs/Acre
4 eck 1.5
oot 1
d 0.5
1.5 3
6 enbush 1
0.5 3
1 wer 0.1
celia 3
26.1 E-1 FUEL MODIFICATION ZONES
545
Community Common Area Landscape 3A-3 March 2024
1” = 300’
Water Tank
Landscape Screening
Exhibit 2D-9
Dry Canyon Entry
Exhibit 2B-6
Local Minor Road
Landscape
Exhibit 2D-5
Public Trail
Private Trail
Public/Private
Trail Interface
Exhibit 2D-7
Village Core Entry
Exhibit 2B-5
North Tapo Entry
Exhibit 2B-3
South Tapo Entry
Exhibit 2B-4
Local Collector
Road Landscape
Exhibit 2D-4
Tapo Canyon
Road Landscape
Exhibit 2D-1
Project Entry
Exhibit 2B-1 & 2B-2
Lost Canyons Drive Landscape
Exhibit 2D-2
Tapo Canyon Road
Lost Canyons Lost Canyons Drive
Drive EVA
Exhibit 2C-2
Anderson Road
EVA
Exhibit 2C-3
Ditch Road
Presidio EVA
Exhibit 2C-1
Golf Routing
Exhibit 2A-1
Lost Canyons Drive Landscape
Exhibit 2D-3
PAGE 29
Community Common Area Landscape 3A-3
REMOVED
See Following Insert for Large Map
546
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Recreation Center
Key Map
Local Road Typical Water Tank Landscape Local Road Typical Landscape
Local Road
Lost Canyons Typical Landscape
Entry (West)
Typical Terraced
Landscape Lake
Typical Project
Entrance
Tapo Canyon Road
Lost Canyons
Entry (East)
E-2 CONCEPTUAL COMMUNITY LANDSCAPE
547
SHEET OF
1 PREPARED BY:
engineering consultants
rtm 1 INCH = 400 FEET
400 2000 400 800 1
+ INDICATES TREE NUMBER
Tree Exhibit 3A-4 March 2024
1” = 300’
SHEET OF 1
PREPARED BY:
engineering consultants
rtm 1 INCH = 400 FEET
400 2000 400 800 1
+ INDICATES TREE NUMBER
PAGE 30
Tree Exhibit 3A-4
REMOVED
See Following Insert for Large Map
548
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
LEGEND
RSRPD TRAIL
COMMUNITY TRAIL
E-3 TRAILS MAP
RSRPD
Trailhead
Public
Trailhead
549
Master Lotting Concept 3A-1
Including Golf Course Routing & Features Plan
March 2024
1” = 300’
PAGE 27
Master Lotting Concept 3A-1
Including Golf Course Routing & Features Plan
REMOVED
See Following Insert for Large Map
550
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
Key Map
E-4 MASTER LOTTING MAP
551
November 2025
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN
PROGRAM BOOK
LEGEND
EMERGENCY VEHICLE ACCESS
PLAN AREA/COMMUNITY
ENTRIES
N
E-5 ENTRANCES AND EVA MAP
552
PROGRAM BOOK
MASTER PLANNED DEVELOPMENT
PERMIT MODIFICATION
NOVEMBER 2025
553
NC 5/3-26(dsf)
Development Review Summary
Neighborhood Council No: 1
NC Meeting Date: March 5, 2026
Project No(s): GPA-2024-0003/SP-S-2025-0002/Z-S-2025-0003/PDS-2025-0003/TT-2025-0002 Project Description: Review of a request for a General Plan Amendment, Specific Plan Amendment, Zone Change, Planned
Development Permit Modification, and Tentative Map for
the Lost Canyons development to eliminate the golf
course, relocate 180 approved single-family dwellings
from the south side of Lost Canyons Drive to the north
side, and changes to the development and design
standards
Case Planner: Elizabeth Richardson
Neighborhood Council 1
Meeting Date: March 5, 2026
Audience members asked questions and made comments relating to: Concern about the proposed street width reduction on Tapo Canyon Road, including the parkway reduction and removal of the raised median, the use of potable water for the lake, the reasoning for natural gas lines as gas is being phased out in new construction, bike lanes, traffic signals, project entrances, solar panels, the exclusiveness of a guard-gated community, and the use of flock cameras. Comments included that the width reduction of Tapo Canyon Road is unwise and unsafe.
The applicant responded to the above questions as follows: The Specific Plan Amendment proposes to reduce portions of Tapo Canyon Road between Presidio Drive and Lost Canyons Drive from 52 feet to 45 feet in width to address geotechnical and hillside conditions. This section will provide a 40-foot curb-to-curb width consisting of two 12-foot travel lanes, two 6-foot bicycle lanes, and a 4-foot painted median. The travel and bicycle lane widths remain unchanged from the original plan. A 5-foot sidewalk will be constructed on one side of the roadway. There will be one travel lane in each direction, and the median will be painted, as the previously planned raised median presents logistical constraints. Traffic signals will be installed at major intersections as required by Public Works, and a signal at Tapo Canyon Road and Lost Canyons Drive 554
NEIGHBORHOOD COUNCILS DEVELPOMENT REVIEW SUMMARY
2 NC 5/3-26(dsf)
is currently under evaluation. The lake area will be reconfigured to function as a multi- purpose water body, serving as a retention basin, irrigation source, flood control facility during heavy rain, and emergency water supply for fire events. The lake will be filled with potable water. One new potable water tank is proposed within the Lost Canyons development, in addition to the existing smaller tank. The development will continue to operate as a private gated community.
Executive Board members asked questions and made comments relating to: The project timeline, the number of homes south of Lost Canyons, the reasoning for Lots 363 and 364, average home and lot sizes, an armed or manned gatehouse, use of flock cameras, open space, public trails, trailheads and parking, trailhead amenities, the purpose and permanence of designated open space, tentative tract map changes, the Williamson Act, hazardous conditions near the Tapo Canyon Road and Lost Canyons Drive intersection, the phasing of street improvements, manholes and sidewalks, future consideration of development on open space south of Lost Canyons Drive, and sewage line connections. Comments included that street improvements for Tapo Canyon Road and Lost Canyons Drive should be prioritized and completed in phase one.
The applicant responded to the above questions as follows: The project timeframe is current, with phase one underway, and an agreement has been entered into with Toll Brothers. Proposed lot sizes are 60 by 100 feet, 60 by 120 feet, 65 by 100 feet, and 90 by 110 feet, with homes ranging from 2,000 to 4,000 square feet. The community will be gated. Trailhead development will occur, and existing concrete golf cart paths will be converted into pedestrian trails. Trails south of Lost Canyons Drive and the existing paths to the north will be publicly accessible. Community trail access will be provided along the northern edge of the project area, as shown in Exhibit 8, Conceptual Trails Plan from the Proposed Whiteface Specific Plan – Volume II. Trailheads with public parking will be constructed and granted to the park district. An active park area will also be provided by the developer at the Bennett Road trailhead off Tapo Canyon Road. The two lots south of Lost Canyons Drive are owned by Hillwood Capital, the former owner of the Lost Canyons Golf Club, and are needed to provide access to their land in Dry Canyon. Tapo Canyon Road improvements, originally planned for phase five, are now scheduled for phase two. A new sewer line is included in the plan. The former home site locations will be designated primarily as open space, with the intent to permanently preserve them as open space.
Upon conclusion of the discussion, the following motion was made by Sparky Cohen and seconded by Emmy Sundeen:
MOTION: Recommend approval of a General Plan Amendment, Specific Plan Amendment, Zone Change, Planned Development Permit
Modification, and Tentative Map for the Lost Canyons development to eliminate the golf course, relocate 180 approved single-family dwellings from the south side of Lost Canyons Drive to the north side, and changes to the development and design standards, with recommendation to complete the easternly portion of Lost Canyons Drive and Tapo Canyon Road in Phase 1, not Phase 2
Executive Board vote: 10 Ayes; 0 Noes; 0 Abstentions
Audience vote: 3 Ayes; 0 Noes; 0 Abstentions
Unincorporated Area vote: None
The motion carried unanimously.
555
GPA20240003 ZS20250003 SPS20250002 PDS20250003 TT20250002 Supplemental (ngb)
CITY OF SIMI VALLEY
MEMORANDUM
June 3, 2026
TO: Planning Commission
FROM: Sean Gibson, Deputy Environmental Services Director/City Planner SUBJECT: SUPPLEMENT TO PLANNING COMMISSION AGENDA ITEM 11.A.1 TO
CONSIDER A RECOMMENDATION TO THE CITY COUNCIL ON THE
APPLICATION OF NPLC LOST CANYONS, LLC, FOR A GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT (GPA-2024-0003), ZONE CHANGE (Z-S-2025-0003), SPECIFIC PLAN AMENDMENT (SP-S-2025-0002), PLANNED
DEVELOPMENT PERMIT MODIFICATION (PD-S-2025-0003), AND
TENTATIVE MAP (TT-2025-0002) TO MODIFY THE APPROVED 364- LOT, 1,770 -ACRE LOST CANYONS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT;
LOCATED WEST OF TAPO CANYON ROAD, EAST OF COPPERSTONE
LANE, NORTH OF ANDERSON DRIVE AND DITCH ROAD, AND NORTH AND SOUTH OF LOST CANYONS DRIVE.
Subsequent to the release of the staff report for the above-referenced item, the following conditions have been modified or added, and three public comment emails were received.
The Public Works Department modified the proposed traffic conditions (Tentative Map Conditions B-21 and B-31, and Planned Development Condition B-17) contained in the draft Planning Commission Resolution. The revised conditions are as follows.
Tentative Map
*B-21 Permittee must dedicate to the City that property which totals 60 feet in width of right-of-way for Lost Canyons Drive from Copperstone Lane to Tapo Canyon Road.
*B-31 Permittee must design all landscaping within any segment of public right-of-way to coincide with construction (widening) of that street. The City Engineer and City's Landscape Architect must approve the landscaping installation for that section before final acceptance by the City.
Planned Development Permit
*B-17 Permittee must construct all landscaping within any segment of public right-of-way to coincide with construction (widening) of that street. The City Engineer and City's Landscape Architect must approve the landscaping installation for that section before final acceptance by the City.
SUPPLEMENTAL
AGENDA ITEM NO.
11.A.1
556
S-2
GPA20240003 ZS20250003 SPS20250002 PDS20250003 TT20250002 Supplemental (ngb) In addition, the following Public Works Maintenance conditions were inadvertently excluded from the draft Planning Commission Resolution and are now added:
Tentative Map Conditions
B-32 Permittee must design street trees, 24-inch box standard, along the Lost Canyons Drive and Tapo Canyon Road frontages of the project per Public Works landscape standards. The City Landscape Standard plate numbers to be used in relation to the street tree installation are as follows: SV 51- 120, SV 52-40, SV 52-50, and SV 51-20. The street tree irrigation must be supplied by the property owner's irrigation system, with a separate automatic irrigation valve for the street trees.
B-33 Permittee must design all new on-site trees a minimum of 6 feet behind street rights-of-way and public sidewalk, or have installed root barriers (18 inch deep by 10 feet long, minimum) for each tree located within 6 feet of the street rights-ofway and public sidewalk.
Planned Development Permit Conditions
B-32 Permittee must install street trees along the Lost Canyons Drive and Tapo Canyon Road as designed per the approved plans. The quantity of street trees must be as shown on the Permittee's approved drawings. All landscape-related work within the street right-of-way must be coordinated in advance with a Public Works Landscape Inspector.
B-33 Street trees within the public street right-of-way are to be coordinated in advance with the Public Works Landscape Inspector. Each street tree must be approved in advance by the City Landscape Inspector before planting.
B-34 All plant material at maturity must take into consideration potential vision situations throughout the project.
B-35 Permittee must maintain installed landscape materials until coverage reaches 80%, as verified by the Public Works Landscape Inspector and the Permittee's Landscape consultant, before planted areas can be turned over to the HOA for permanent maintenance. Before transfer of maintenance responsibility, all distressed, dying, and dead plant materials must be replaced to the satisfaction of the City Landscape Inspector. The irrigation system must also be tested for functionality. Before transfer to the HOA for permanent maintenance, all nonfunctioning irrigation facilities/improvements must be repaired or replaced to the satisfaction of the Public Works Landscape Inspector.
557
S-3
GPA20240003 ZS20250003 SPS20250002 PDS20250003 TT20250002 Supplemental (ngb) Staff also received two public emails from Debbie Wall, dated May 31, 2026, and one from Teresa Jordan, dated June 1, 2026. (attached).
Attachments:
Email (1) from Debbie Wall dated May 31, 2026
Email (2) from Debbie Wall dated May 31, 2026
Letter from Teresa Jordan dated June 1, 2026
558
From: planningcomments
To: Elizabeth Richardson
Cc: Nikolette Baer
Subject: FW: Lost Canyons Developments
Date: Monday, June 01, 2026 8:37:17 AM
Importance: High
Elizabeth,
Please add this to your supplemental and possible response. It may also be helpful to email her back and let her know it’s just the 1 lot off of Anderson and no longer an emergency road.
Thanks,
Sean
Sean Gibson, AICP
Deputy Environmental Services Director/City Planner
City of Simi Valley
2929 Tapo Canyon Road
Simi Valley, CA 93063
(805) 583-6383 [email protected]
From: Debbie Wall < >
Sent: Sunday, May 31, 2026 5:33 PM
To: planningcomments <[email protected]>
Subject: Lost Canyons Developments
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. If you suspect a phishing attempt please report it as phishing. Learn how.
Greetings,
My name is Deborah “Debbie” Wall, my address is
.
Unfortunately, I have a conflicting appointment on June 3rd and will be unable to attend the Simi Valley Planning Commission meeting for the Lost Canyons project. I have personally attended and participated in the majority of the meetings regarding this proposed development.
As mentioned in previous Planning Commission meetings regarding the project, I understand that at one time, all of our properties were built on vacant land. This project, however, has some built-in "cautions" which demand thorough consideration.
559
The Simi Fire of 2003 burned down the west side of Anderson Drive and to the northernmost property line of 3162 Anderson Drive. One of our neighbors had to man a fire hose as fire personnel were spread too thin.
Our streets were clogged with "looky-loos" to the point that we were unable to get vehicles out of our driveway. Police were also maxed out and unable to send out officers to unclog our street.
In the past few years, we have had two fires just north of Anderson Drive, which attracted more nosy people and vehicles.
We were originally told by the developer that Anderson Dr. would be used only for emergency ingress and egress. It has already been proven that this idea brings a great potential for bodily injury or loss of life. By calculating the number of new structures with an average of two cars per structure, there is a potential for thousands of vehicles attempting to exit via Anderson Drive in an emergency situation.
All vehicles exiting south on Anderson Drive need to travel on one of the access streets to the Simi Valley Hospital, thus potentially interfering with the ingress and egress of emergency travel to the hospital.
Currently, two estate properties are planned for construction north of Anderson Drive. Where will the construction vehicles enter for this construction? We are on a narrow two-lane County Road.
In my humble opinion, the Lost Canyons Project is “landlocked”, lacking adequate roads for the safety of the existing community and potential additional development properties.
Trusting in your wisdom for the safety of the community.
Debbie Wall
560
From: Debbie Wall
To: Elizabeth Richardson
Subject: Re: New estate property on Anderson Drive.
Date: Monday, June 01, 2026 2:32:29 PM
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. If you suspect a phishing attempt please report it as phishing. Learn how.
Thank you, Elizabeth. I truly appreciate your timely responses. Yes, please include both my responses.
Enjoy the rest of your day.
Debbie Wall
On Monday, June 1, 2026 at 02:14:15 PM PDT, Elizabeth Richardson <[email protected]> wrote:
Thank you for your follow up email Debbie.
Any expansion for more lots on the south end of the Lost Canyons would require a public hearing. The only exception would be if someone wanted to split the lot into two using SB9. SB-9 is a State law that allows a single family parcel to be divided into two without a public hearing. There are specific requirements for lot size and development of these types of lot.
Yes this new lot will be connected to City sewer. My understanding is the City will not require homes to be connected to the sewer line but I will verify that for you.
Construction in the street would require permits and coordination by the Public Works Division.
Would you like this second email to be included as correspondence to the Planning Commission?
Thank you,
Elizabeth
Elizabeth Richardson
Senior Planner
Environmental Services Department
City of Simi Valley
(805) 583-6334
[email protected]
From: Debbie Wall < >
561
Sent: Monday, June 01, 2026 2:06 PM
To: Elizabeth Richardson <[email protected]>
Subject: New estate property on Anderson Drive.
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. If you suspect a phishing attempt please report it as phishing. Learn how.
Thank you, Elizabeth.
I appreciate your time and your response to my query regarding the Lost Canyons Project.
My concerns remain. What system is in place to limit the expansion from one estate property to multiple estate properties? What safety measures are in place to ensure the safety of ingress and egress on Anderson Drive?
Additionally, our homes all have septic tanks. Does the estate property have city sewage hookups? This will definitely affect our properties in multiple areas. Anderson Drive, Blue Ridge Circle, and Luray Circle only have one way in and one way out of our development. Utilizing Anderson Dr. for property construction and sewer main extension will severely limit our access and safety. Additionally, a sewer line may preclude the sale of our properties without connecting to the sewer system.
I vote "no" on the addition of an estate property to Anderson Drive and also Ditch Road for the aforementioned reasoning.
Thank you for your consideration of these concerns.
Respectfully,
Debbie Wall
562
June 1, 2026
Simi Valley Planning Commission
Simi Valley City Hall
2929 Tapo Canyon Road
Simi Valley, CA 93063
Re: Agenda Item No. 11.A.1(GPA-2024-0003, Z-S-2025-0003, SP-S-2025-0002, PD-S-2025-0003, TT-2025-0002, NPLC
Lost Canyons, LLC: To consider a recommendation to
the City Council on the application of NPLC Lost
Canyons, LLC, for a General Plan Amendment(GPA-2024-
0003), Zone Change(Z-S-2025-0003), Specific Plan
Amendment(SP-S-2025-0002), Planned Development Permit
Modification(PD-S-2025-0003), and Tentative Map
(TT-2025-0002) to modify the approved 364-lot, 1,770-
acre Lost Canyons Development Project, located west of
Tapo Canyon Road, east of Copperstone Lane, north of
Anderson Drive and Ditch Road, and north and south of
Lost Canyons Drive).
Dear Members of the Commission:
I am opposed to the aforementioned changes for the
following reasons:
#1 - EXHIBIT 4 Part 1, Environmental Impact Report(EIR) Addendum No. 1, For the Lost Canyons Specific Plan
Project, EXHIBIT 4, Section 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL
REVIEW PROCESS, it is stated on Page 1-3, second
paragraph after numbers 1-4, that “The City has
determined that the Project would have similar or
reduced environmental impacts from those described
in the certified EIR. There are no new significant
environmental impacts or previously identified
significant impacts made more severe by changes
in the Project, new circumstances, and/or new
information. Therefore, the City has determined
that a subsequent EIR is not required pursuant to
State CEQA Guidelines Section 15162. Rather the
City has determined that an EIR addendum should
be prepared as the appropriate CEQA document to
563
2 address the Project in accordance with State CEQA
Guidelines Section 15164”.
#2 - Page 1-3, it is stated, last paragraph, that
“State CEQA Guidelines Section 15164© provides
that an EIR addendum need not be circulated for
public review”.
#3 - Page 3-3, it is stated, under Section 3.0
ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST, last paragraph, last
sentence, that “Additionally, this EIR Addendum
demonstrates that no new mitigation measures are
required beyond the mitigation measures that were
previously identified in the 2011 EIR as well as
the measures and conditions that are contained in
the Project’s regulatory permits from CDFW, USWS,
USACE, and the RWQCB”.
#4 - Page 3-118, it is stated, under Section 3.14.1
2011 EIR, second paragraph, that “The 2011 EIR
disclosed that the Project Site is located near
areas designated by the state at very high fire
hazard, and by the VCFPD as high fire hazard areas”.
#5 - Page 3-118, it is stated, third paragraph, that
“The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project
would result in risks of wildfire ignition during
construction related to construction equipment
that may emit sparks that would present a fire
risk of, especially during site clearance”.
#6 - Page 3-118, it is stated, fourth paragraph, second sentence, that “The 2011 EIR disclosed that the
additional traffic could slow emergency response
and evacuations if they needed to occur during
construction of the Project. However, the 2011
EIR determined that with adherence to City codes
and requirements during construction, the Approved
Project would result in less than significant
impacts related to fire hazards”.
#7 - Page 3-118, it is stated, fifth paragraph, that
“The 2011 EIR disclosed that fire stations in
the vicinity of the Project Site had capacity to
serve the Approved Project, and the water supply
was adequate to support firefighting requirements
564
3 for the Approved Project. As discussed in the
2011 EIR, the Approved Project would be expected
to require a minimum fire flow of 1,000 gallons
per minute(gpm) for a 2-hour duration to provide
sufficient water to fire fighters during an
emergency, which can be provided by existing water
tanks in the area in conjunction with the new
water tank proposed for the northeastern portion
of the Project Site”.
#8 - Page 3-118, it is stated, sixth paragraph, that
“The 2011 EIR specified that the Approved Project
must implement mitigation measures 4.12.1 through
and 4.12.10”.
#9 - Page 3-118, it is stated, last paragraph, that
“As response times and fire flows will meet VCFPD’s
service standards with implementation of the
Approved Project, impacts related to fire services
for the Approved Project were determined in the
2011 EIR to be less than significant”.
The May 18, 2026 Sandy Fire number of aerial fire
fighting equipment, number of firefighters from
various jurisdictions, the acre feet of water
from the Calleguas Bard Reservoir/Wood Ranch Dam
used to control the blaze, the 10 days it took to
control the wildfire, the scorched 2,200+ acres,
the 44,000 evacuated residents and hundreds who
received evacuation warnings, the SSFL, etc. make the
statement no longer applicable; thus NULL and VOID!
The time that the Sandy Fire started differs in
the City Council’s May 26, 2026 Special Meeting
approved Emergency Resolution amending the City
Manager’s Emergency Proclamation, and in the City
Manager’s May 21, 2026 Emergency Proclamation!
#10 - Page 3-149, Section 3.19.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS, Environmental Issues, WILDFIRE, under “a)
Substantially impair an adopted emergency response
plan or emergency evacuation plan?” “No Substantial
Change From Previous Analysis” box checked!
No wonder the City’s Emergency Operations Plan(EOP)
update has not been promulgated to date!
565
4 No wonder the Simi Valley Municipal Code Title 4 -
Public Safety, Chapter 5(EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS),
and Chapter 6(FIRE PREVENTION) to date has not
been updated!
No wonder the City/City Council/Staff/etc. need
indemnification!
The City’s FY 2026-27 FY27 GOAL of updating the
Emergency Operations Plan now seems farcicle!
If the Emergency Operations Plan Update does take
place in FY27, I ask that the Planning Commission
take part in the EOP planning process!
I also ask the Planning Commission to request the
City Council to update the Simi Valley Municipal
Code Title 4 - Public Safety Chapter 5(EMERGENCY
PREPAREDNESS), and Chapter 6(FIRE PREVENTION) ASAP
because there will be wildfires in the future!
I highly recommend reading the Ventura County Star
May 17, 2026 article “How much water was used”!
If this, not the lack of funding, is the reason for
the Ventura Regional Fire Safe Council not compiling
the Cities of Moorpark, Simi Valley, and Thousand
Oaks’ Community Wildfire Protection Plans(CWPPs)
shame on whomever the person(s) is/are that is/are
behind jeopardizing all of the City’s constituents‘
health, safety, and welfare, and all properties!
Thank God that I oppose Agenda items that will make
me a party to ill-advised/ill-conceived decisions!
#11 - The 2011 certified EIR, did not consider fire
season being year-round as it now is!
#12 - The 2011 certified EIR, did not consider climate
change!
#13 - In 2024, the Mountain Fire in Ventura County
was caused by a bad decision that the Ventura
County Fire Department made; debris under a
tractor wheel re-ignited due to Santa Ana winds!
This led to evacuation orders, and hundreds of
homes destroyed! Cause: HUMAN ERROR!
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5 #14 - In 2026, the Sandy Fire in Simi Valley, has been reported as being ignited by a spark from a
tractor clearing the area and hitting a rock.
The wildfire took 10 days to be fully contained.
Even though still under investigation; Cause:
HUMAN ERROR!
1. Were permits issued for the clearing?
2. Was the use of goats for clearing considered?
#15 - Page 3-149, Section 3.19.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS, Environmental Issues, WILDFIRE, under “b)
Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors,
exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose
project occupants to, pollutant concentrations
from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of
wildfire?” “No Substantial Change From Previous
Analysis” box checked!
As if people whom evacuated due to the Sandy Fire
were not anxious and stressed enough, they then had
to contend with cleaning ash, soot, dust, and other
airborne particles that may have been deposited
inside and outside of homes and businesses, vehicles,
their properties, etc. after repopulation!
#16 - Page 3-149, Section 3.19.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS, Environmental Issues, WILDFIRE, under “c)
Require the installation or maintenance of associated
infrastructure(such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency
water sources, power lines or other utilities) that
may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in
temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment?”
“No Substantial Change From Previous Analysis” box
checked!
#17 - Page 3-149, Section 3.19.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS, Environmental Issues, WILDFIRE, under “d)
Expose people or structures to significant risks,
including downslope or downstream flooding or
landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope
instability, or drainage changes?” No Substantial
Change From Previous Analysis” box checked!
#18 - Page 3-150, it is stated “If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high
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6 fire hazard zones would the Project: a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or
emergency evacuation plan?”
“No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The
2011 EIR determined that the Approved Project would
not impair the implementation of or physically
interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or
emergency evacuation plan. The 2011 EIR discussed
that the Proposed Project would include adequate
primary and secondary access roads, which would allow
for adequate access during an emergency such as a
wildland fire.”
“The Propose Project would result in similar impacts
related to emergency evacuation as would the Approved
Project given that the Proposed Project would result
in similar roadway infrastructure being developed to
evacuate the Project Site and because the Approved
Project would not result in an increase in the number
of units or individuals that would need to evacuate
the Project Site when compared to the Approved
Project In conclusion, the Proposed Project would
not result in any new significant impacts related
to this threshold.” Future ADUs, STRs, JADUs!
The width of Tapo Canyon Road is proposed to be
reduced from 52 feet to 45 feet wide with one lane
of traffic in each direction…” I am opposed to
this change!
#19 - Page 3-150, it is stated “b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks,
and thereby expose project occupants to, pollutant
concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled
spread of a wildfire?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. As with
the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would
occur within a very high fire hazard severity zone.
The Proposed Project would potentially result in
increased exposure of people and buildings to
wildland fires, as would occur with the Approved
Project.” The mitigation measures would be the
2011 EIR 4.12.1 through 4.12.10! Not enough!
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7 #20 - Page 3-150, it is stated “c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure(sucj as
roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power
lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire
risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing
impacts to the environment? No Substantial Change
from Previous Analysis...” I disagree!
#21 - Page 3-151, it is stated “d) Expose people or
structures to significant risks, including downslope
or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of
runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage
changes? No Substantial Change from Previous
Analysis...” I disagree!
#22 - Page 3-151, Conclusion, it is stated “The Project would not result in any new or substantially
increased effects related to wildfire that were not
already previously evaluated and discussed in the
2011 EIR that was prepared for the Approved Project.
Mitigation measures from the 2011 EIR relating to
wildfire continue to apply...” I disagree!
#23 - Possible connection to a septic system may occur
for 2 lots!
#24 - Reduction of side and rear setbacks is proposed!
Sincerely,
Teresa Jordan
ATTACHMENTS:
May 7, 1997, Jordan Letter to the Simi Valley Planning
Commission. (5 Pages)
November 17, 2010, Jordan Letter to the Simi Valley
Planning Commission. (2 Pages)
April 18, 2017, Jordan NOTES of City’s Emergency
Operations Plan meeting. (2 Pages)
January 7, 2004, Teresa Jordan Testimony before the
Governor’s Office Blue Ribbon Fire Commission
Public Hearing on the 2003 Wildfire. (5 Pages)
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April 18, 2017 - 2:00 P.M. - Mr. White and Theresa Ramirez Meeting with Emergency Management Group.
Update of the City’s Emergency Plan.
Timeframe of Update.
* Terrorism - Expanding staff knowledge.
* Hazards - Fire, Flood.
* Standardizations.
Dispatch Center can go to Thousand Oaks Sheriff’s Center.
Still have 2 EOCs!
May 13, 2017 - Expo.
Logistic and command trailer can be hitched to any vehicle.
Grant.
CERT, 1400 members, 30 at present, specialized.
Participants in teens and and senior years.
Plan has been updated!
Simplifying the 2001 Plan. State has started process.
Relationships in agencies more important than having a
reference type docs!
Policy info from 2001 docs will take priority!
State no longer going _________________________________.
Lives, property, enviro & restoring vital services what drives the update & emergency planning!
3 volunteers work with Theresa & Mr. White.
Cellphones - 9/11 Reverse program need to register with County. (Privacy issues is reason why City not get
phone number from the County.)
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2 City Manager still main person.
Requested be notified on the public input.
Online response.
Ramirez contact.
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Governor’s Blue Ribbon Fire Commission
January 7, 2004
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STATE OF CALIFORNIA
GOVERNOR’S BLUE RIBBON FIRE COMMISSION
BEFORE THE GOVERNOR’S BLUE
RIBBON FIRE COMMISSION,
Senator William Campbell, Chair
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TRANSCRIPT OF PROCEEDINGS
January 7, 2004
Ventura County, California
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CHAIR CAMPBELL: [mid-sentence] laryngitis. And for anybody in politics, laryngitis is a catastrophic illness. But we’ll try and see how long the voice holds up. We’d like to first of all welcome you to Ventura County. It was the intent of the commission to hold one meeting in each county of the five counties involved in the October/November fires here in Southern California. So, we’d like to ask you to stand at this point and we’d ask the chairperson of the Ventura County Board of Supervisors, Judy Mikels, to lead us in the pledge of our flag.
[Pledge of Allegiance is recited.]
CHAIR CAMPBELL: Thank you. If I might go over some details for the members of the commission. The way in which you turn on your mike is you press the button, the green button, at the bottom. And when you press it a second time, it will turn it off.
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. My name is William Campbell and I’m Chair of the Governor’s Blue Ribbon Commission on the fire. The commission members and I welcome you to this third hearing in a review of the state’s efforts to combat the destructive series of wildland and wildland urban interface fires that scourged Southern California last October and November. The fires burned nearly three-quarters of a million acres, destroyed over 3,600 homes and took the lives of 22 people. And now we are witnessing the tragic aftermath of these fires. Fifteen people lost their lives when a church camp was inundated by a mudslide, resulting from the loss of protective vegetation due to the fires. As the former Chairman of the California State Legislature Select Committees on Fire Services, and as Joint Committee on Fire, Police and Emergency Disaster Services, I have participated in several different reviews of federal, state and local firefighting efforts. We owe it to our communities and the residents and the brave firefighters to take this opportunity to ascertain what government, the private sector, our communities, and 575
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to the public safety all across the country. I'm here today to pledge NFPA's assistance to the commission's efforts. Our staff and our committees will be happy to assist you in any way possible. We all share your goal of strengthening public safety. Although most of the elected officials have left, I would like to just add one comment. You all have a very significant challenge in front of you. But the fortunate thing for you, is you have the experts that are probably the cream of the crop, not only in the United States but throughout the world in trying to address this problem. The people that you have been hearing from today, and many of the other fire service leaders that are not here today, really understand this problem and can help you solve this very serious issue. So it is very fortunate that the problem is here with this level of expertise that you have to help you deal with this serious issue. Thank you.
CHAIR CAMPBELL: Thank you very much, Gary. Mrs. Theresa Jordan. Mrs. Jordan, you have submitted at least 60 pages, which we are going to make part of the official record. With that understanding, would you be as succinct as possible?
MRS. JORDAN: Mr. Chairman and members of the commission, this letter is completely different from anything else that I have submitted, but it does touch base on all the issues that I have pretty much covered in all the letters. It's about 10 minutes, but if you'd like to just give me 5 minutes to read into it, then you have the letter.
CHAIR CAMPBELL: If you would summarize, and we would accept the letter and put the full letter in the testimony.
MRS. JORDAN: Well, I'll read at least the first three pages.
CHAIR CAMPBELL: Fair enough.
MRS. JORDAN: Good afternoon, members of the commission. Theresa Jordan, Simi Valley resident. I have a letter on the planning decisions discussion topic that I will read into the record, copies have been provided for your consideration. My letter reads:
Dear Members of the Commission:
Why, when Ventura County sustained small property losses and no deaths, even though over 170,000 of land burned, am I before you? Because, more could have been done previous to the Simi Valley fire incident to keep the blaze smaller. Had the Ventura County Fire Protection District anticipated the fire becoming a runaway train since the winds in the canyons are erratic, the impacts to our westerly 576
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January 7, 2004
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neighbors would have been different. A smaller blaze would have freed up firefighting resources badly needed elsewhere and make a big difference in the areas that sustained loss of life and high property destruction. Because while the counties of San Diego and San Bernardino, and locally the city of Moorpark, have agendized the fire incidents, the city of Simi Valley has not. The city of Moorpark held a workshop for its citizens. My city has not. Because not enough was done and is being done for the independent living, legally blind, because a person who had had recent hip surgery was told to leave her vehicle and had to walk home while other drivers were allowed with their vehicles into the same vicinity into the west end of town, because people were allowed to gawk within close range of the fire on the easterly end of town, because a horrendous traffic snarl was allowed to take place at the intersection of Yosemite Avenue and Alamo Street, which would have hampered emergency vehicles and evacuation of residents, had this been necessary, because somewhere down the line community's multi-hazard functional plans broke down, and because these problems are a symptomatic of the deficiencies allowed in the development and emergency planning process due to the unjust postponement of community's comprehensive general plan updates. Public safety must never be compromised. Members of the commission, from all of the news articles that I have read while numerous problems affected the outcome of these catastrophic incidents, one of the common problems that encumbered communications, stretched resources, fire warnings, evacuations, etc., in every community was planning – inadequate, inaccurate, and/or the lack of. While the local government level development process is cut and dry, the same cannot be said about emergency preparedness and response planning, even though the two go hand in glove. In the 15-plus years that I have participated in the public hearing process for numerous development projects in my city, the one issue that I opposed most of them on is public safety. I've done so because these two words mean different things in my city, and apparently the same seems to be true of other communities.
Police protection is emphasized above emergency preparedness. If communities realize that it is better not making the news because disaster did not strike in town, then being number one or two on this FBI's list of safest cities, then the emergency preparedness part of the planning process, currently consisting of education the public at schools, groups, organizations and emergency exposition dates, will finally get its place in the sun, uniformity. Otherwise public safety with regard to fires will continue to be a menu of emergency expo day, where fire trucks are displayed, families take pictures with firefighting personnel, 577
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January 7, 2004
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printed fire prevention information is readily available, and everyone is happy until disaster strikes and chaos occurs. In Simi Valley, the major emphasis of these emergencies preparedness expos continues to be public education on earthquake preparedness. For the past couple of years the expo has been combined with the Chamber of Commerce Street Fair. This combination takes away from what the participant learned and the information sheets end up in some drawer, box, or altogether discarded. Members of the commission, also in my city, public safety with regard to emergencies is not addressed, or is inadequately addressed in development projects, negative declarations, and in environmental impact reports. The only process that can back up any deficiencies in emergency planning issues is the general plan updated, specifically the safety elements multi-hazard functional plan policy since the citizenry believes that firefighting resources will save them from themselves in extraordinary situations. News articles of people previously voicing concerns that their homes could be bypassed during a fire incident have either been ignored or never read. Otherwise, more people would have educated themselves on how to safeguard property and lives. Instead, folks end up fending for themselves, evacuating at the last minute, or taking a dangerous stand to protect their property. I doubt that the fire incidents of October 2003 will serve as an incentive for communities to undertake the comprehensive general plan update. It is high time that elected and appointed government officials and agencies personnel walk in the shoes of disaster victims and survivors. Otherwise, in California, we will suffer more and deadlier catastrophes. Members of the commission, it is heartbreaking to read the mind boggling accounts of the victims and survivors, as well as of the firefighting crews, because in May 1985, Mr. William Medigovich, then Director of the California Governor's Office of Emergency Service, stated in the letter to county administrators, city managers, c hair persons, Boards of Supervisors, mayors, and the Emergency Services Director's coordinators that, "State and local governments share a responsibility to be prepared for emergencies which threaten the citizens and resources of California. We must develop and maintain plans and programs that enable us to discharge this responsibility in time of emergency. It is essential that state and local plans create a more effective emergency response structure." More flabbergasting has been the falling on deaf ears, and the emergency management and planning process from the Governor's Office of Emergency Services to the local government agencies of Mr. Medigovich's statements on the state-of-the-art, multi-hazard, functional plan guidance. "With teamwork and the application of this guidance, we can improve emergency management 578
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January 7, 2004
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capabilities throughout the state. This product will be used as the cornerstone for future emergency response planning efforts. I say this because the chronology of various disaster incidents on the OES website illustrate the lack of follow-through and lessons not learned in light of the fact that it took the state 9 years to update it's own emergency plan. People should not – (UNIDENTIFIED SPEAKER): (Whispering) Could you pause for a second? MRS. JORDAN: (Whispering) Huh? Oh, I'm sorry.
CHAIR CAMPBELL: Finish the paragraph..
MRS. JORDAN: Okay. Um, " . . . This product will be used as a cornerstone for future emergency response plannings." I say this because the chronology of various disaster incidents on the OES website illustrate the lack of follow-through and lessons not learned in light of the fact that it took the state 9 years to update it's own emergency plan. People should not have to concern themselves over rebuilding construction fraud, or fighting bureaucratic red tape with insurance carriers unnecessarily. And you have my letter.
CHAIR CAMPBELL: Ms. Jacobs [sic], I want to commend you, and I mean this sincerely, if we had a lot of citizens who devoted the time and effort to doing what they could in the communities, the state would be a lot better off. I appreciate the time you spent here today.
MRS. JORDAN: Thank you.
CHAIR CAMPBELL: I also very much appreciate the information you've provided this commission, and I want to thank you very much and wish you a very Happy New Year.
MRS. JORDAN: You too. Thank you.
CHAIR CAMPBELL: Now, Ladies and Gentlemen, I want to thank the California Highway Patrol, particularly you Commissioner HELMICK, and the officers that were here today to provide security for this meeting. We thank them very much. And now, ladies and gentlemen, we sit adjourned. [Laughter.]
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Attachment E
Environmental Impact Report Addendum No. 1
The following studies listed in the EIR Addendum Appendices are available for review at the City of Simi Valley Environmental Services Department (Planning Division) Public Counter, located at 2929 Tapo Canyon Road during normal business hours or by contacting by phone or email at (805) 583-6769 / [email protected].
Summary of Cultural and Paleontological Resources Studies – Chambers Group Reduced Footprint Impact Analysis – Glenn Luckos Associates Air Quality Assessment Memorandum – Michael Baker International Energy Assessment Memorandum – Michael Baker International Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment Memorandum – Michael Baker International
Noise and Vibration Assessment Memorandum – Michael Baker International Hydrology and Hydraulics Study – JLC Engineering & Consulting, Inc Water System Master Plan – RTM Engineering Consultants, LLC Sewer System Master Plan – RTM Engineering Consultants, LLC 585
APPLICATION FOR: GPA-2024-0003, Z-S-2025-
0003, SP-S-2025-0002, PD-S-2025-0003, AND
TT-2025-0002
Addendum No. 1 to the EIR
For the Lost Canyons Specific Plan Project
Prepared for City of Simi Valley
Department of Environmental Services
2929 Tapo Canyon Road
Simi Valley, California 93063
Prepared by Psomas
150 South Arroyo Parkway, Suite 102
Pasadena, California 91105
May 2026
586
Table of Contents
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT i
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
1.0 Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Background.............................................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Regulatory Guidance...........................................................................................................1-1
1.3 Environmental Review Process ......................................................................................1-3
2.0 Project Description and Setting ...................................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Project Location....................................................................................................................2-1
2.2 Existing Conditions..............................................................................................................2-1
2.3 Proposed Project ..................................................................................................................2-1
3.0 Environmental Checklist................................................................................................... 3-3
3.1 Aesthetics ................................................................................................................................3-4
3.1.1 2011 EIR .......................................................................................................................... 3-4
3.1.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis........................................................................ 3-8
3.2 Air Quality ............................................................................................................................3-11
3.2.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-11
3.2.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-16
3.3 Biological Resources ........................................................................................................3-26
3.3.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-26
3.3.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-42
3.4 Cultural Resources............................................................................................................3-51
3.4.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-51
3.4.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-54
3.5 Energy....................................................................................................................................3-56
3.5.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-56
3.5.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-56
3.6 Geology and Soils...............................................................................................................3-61
3.6.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-61
3.6.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-69
3.7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions............................................................................................3-73
3.7.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-73
3.7.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-74
3.8 Hazards and Hazardous Materials..............................................................................3-79 587
Table of Contents
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT ii
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
3.8.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-79
3.8.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-83
3.9 Hydrology and Water Quality.......................................................................................3-87
3.9.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-87
3.9.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-92
3.10 Land Use and Planning....................................................................................................3-97
3.10.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-97
3.10.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-98
3.11 Mineral Resources.......................................................................................................... 3-100
3.11.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-100
3.11.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-102
3.12 Noise.................................................................................................................................... 3-103
3.12.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-103
3.12.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-108
3.13 Population and Housing............................................................................................... 3-115
3.13.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-115
3.13.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-116
3.14 Public Services................................................................................................................. 3-118
3.14.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-118
3.14.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-123
3.15 Recreation ......................................................................................................................... 3-126
3.15.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-126
3.15.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-127
3.16 Transportation ................................................................................................................ 3-129
3.16.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-129
3.16.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-131
3.17 Tribal Cultural Resources............................................................................................ 3-134
3.17.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-134
3.17.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-135
3.18 Utilities and Service Systems ..................................................................................... 3-137
3.18.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-137
3.18.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-142
3.19 Wildfire............................................................................................................................... 3-149
3.19.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-149
3.19.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-149 588
Table of Contents
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT iii
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
4.0 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................ 4-1
5.0 References .............................................................................................................................. 5-1
1.0 Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Background.............................................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Regulatory Guidance...........................................................................................................1-1
1.3 Environmental Review Process ......................................................................................1-3
2.0 Project Description and Setting ...................................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Project Location....................................................................................................................2-1
2.2 Existing Conditions..............................................................................................................2-1
2.3 Proposed Project ..................................................................................................................2-1
3.0 Environmental Checklist................................................................................................... 3-3
3.1 Aesthetics ................................................................................................................................3-4
3.1.1 2011 EIR .......................................................................................................................... 3-4
3.1.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis........................................................................ 3-8
3.2 Air Quality ............................................................................................................................3-11
3.2.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-11
3.2.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-16
3.3 Biological Resources ........................................................................................................3-26
3.3.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-26
3.3.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-42
3.4 Cultural Resources............................................................................................................3-51
3.4.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-51
3.4.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-54
3.5 Energy....................................................................................................................................3-56
3.5.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-56
3.5.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-56
3.6 Geology and Soils...............................................................................................................3-61
3.6.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-61
3.6.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-69
3.7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions............................................................................................3-73
3.7.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-73
3.7.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-74
3.8 Hazards and Hazardous Materials..............................................................................3-79 589
Table of Contents
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT iv
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
3.8.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-79
3.8.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-83
3.9 Hydrology and Water Quality.......................................................................................3-87
3.9.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-87
3.9.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-92
3.10 Land Use and Planning....................................................................................................3-97
3.10.1 2011 EIR ........................................................................................................................3-97
3.10.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis......................................................................3-98
3.11 Mineral Resources.......................................................................................................... 3-100
3.11.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-100
3.11.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-102
3.12 Noise.................................................................................................................................... 3-103
3.12.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-103
3.12.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-108
3.13 Population and Housing............................................................................................... 3-115
3.13.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-115
3.13.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-116
3.14 Public Services................................................................................................................. 3-118
3.14.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-118
3.14.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-123
3.15 Recreation ......................................................................................................................... 3-126
3.15.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-126
3.15.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-127
3.16 Transportation ................................................................................................................ 3-129
3.16.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-129
3.16.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-131
3.17 Tribal Cultural Resources............................................................................................ 3-134
3.17.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-134
3.17.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-135
3.18 Utilities and Service Systems ..................................................................................... 3-137
3.18.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-137
3.18.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-142
3.19 Wildfire............................................................................................................................... 3-149
3.19.1 2011 EIR .....................................................................................................................3-149
3.19.2 Proposed Project Impact Analysis...................................................................3-149 590
Table of Contents
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT v
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
4.0 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................ 4-1
5.0 References .............................................................................................................................. 5-1 TABLES
Table Page
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No table of figures entries found.
EXHIBITS
Exhibit Follows Page
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No table of figures entries found.
APPENDICES
Appendix
A Biological Resources Surveys – Champers Group
B Updated Phase 1 Mature Tree Inventory – Chambers Group C Summary of Cultural and Paleontological Resources Studies – Chambers Group D Reduced Footprint Impact Analysis – Glenn Lukos Associates E Air Quality Assessment Memorandum – Michael Baker International F Energy Assessment Memorandum – Michael Baker International G Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment Memorandum – Michael Baker International H Noise and Vibration Assessment Memorandum – Michael Baker International I Transportation Memorandum – Michael Baker International J Hydrology and Hydraulics Study – JLC Engineering & Consulting, Inc.
K Water System Master Plan – RTM Engineering Consultants, LLC L Sewer System Master Plan – RTM Engineering Consultants, LLC 591
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT 1-1
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
The Whiteface Specific Plan was originally adopted by the City of Simi Valley in 1992.
Between 1992 and 2010, the Whiteface Specific Plan was amended five times. On February 14, 2011, the Simi Valley City Council certified the Final Environmental Impact Report (e.g., the “2011 EIR”) for Amendment No. 6 to the Whiteface Specific Plan, which was prepared to evaluate the Lost Canyons Project (the Approved Project). As a part of adopting the Approved Project, the City adopted general plan amendments and amended the Whiteface Specific Plan (GPA-77/SP-S-13 AMD #6/Z-S-634). The Applicant subsequently requested approval of Tentative Tract Map TTM 5734 and a Planned Development Permit (PD-S-1021), which was Amendment No. 7. Overall, as amended by Whiteface Specific Plan Amendment No. 7 and the Lost Canyons Project (the “Approved Project”), the Whiteface Specific Plan allows for a maximum of 364 dwelling units within the boundaries of the Whiteface Specific Plan.
In their certification and adoption of the 2011 EIR, the Simi Valley City Council determined that the 2011 EIR was complete and was prepared in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Public Resources Code [PRC], Section 21000 et seq.).
The 2011 EIR determined that the Project would result in significant unavoidable impacts related to air quality and greenhouse gas emissions.
In 2025, NPLC Lost Canyons, LLC applied to amend the Whiteface Specific Plan and other project documents for an eighth time (Amendment No. 8) to allow for the transfer of 180 of the 364 approved dwelling units that are allowed within the Whiteface Specific Plan boundaries pursuant to the Approved Project. The 180 units would be transferred from the southern portions of Dry and Tapo Canyons as previously proposed with the Approved Project. Instead, the Proposed Project would create a development that would occur mostly within the limits of the former golf course that is located north of Lost Canyon Drive, along with other associated activities. This action is referred to herein as the “Proposed Project”.
Additional details on the Proposed Project are provided in the Project Description in Section
1.3. 1.2 REGULATORY GUIDANCE
State CEQA Guidelines Section 15162(a) provides that when an EIR has been certified for a project, no subsequent EIR shall be prepared for that project unless the Lead Agency determines, on the basis of substantial evidence in the light of the whole record, that one or more of the following circumstances exist:
A. When an EIR has been certified or a negative declaration adopted for a project, no subsequent EIR shall be prepared for that project unless the lead agency determines, on the basis of substantial evidence in the light of the whole record, one or more of the following:
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Introduction
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ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
(1) Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or negative declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects; (2) Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR or Negative Declaration due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects; or (3) New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified as complete or the Negative Declaration was adopted, shows any of the following:
(a) The project will have one or more significant effects not discussed in the previous EIR or negative declaration;
(b) Significant effects previously examined will be substantially more severe than shown in the previous EIR;
(c) Mitigation measures or alternatives previously found not to be feasible would in fact be feasible, and would substantially reduce one or more significant effects of the project, but the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or alternative; or
(d) Mitigation measures or alternatives which are considerably different from those analyzed in the previous EIR would substantially reduce one or more significant effects on the environment, but the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or alternative.
State CEQA Guidelines Section 15163 provides that a Lead Agency can prepare a supplement to an EIR rather than a subsequent EIR if a subsequent EIR pursuant to Section 15162 is required and only minor additions or changes are needed to make the previous EIR adequate to address the changed situation.
State CEQA Guidelines Section 15164 provides that the Lead Agency may prepare an Addendum to a certified EIR if none of the conditions described in Section 15162 have occurred. A brief explanation of the decision not to prepare a subsequent EIR pursuant to Section 15162 must be included in the addendum, Lead Agency’s findings on the project, or elsewhere in the record. The explanation must be supported by substantial evidence. 593
Introduction
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ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS
Pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines Section 15162(a), the City has reviewed the Project and associated Specific Plan Amendments, as well as the 2011 EIR to determine:
1. The extent to which the potential impacts from the Proposed Project and associated entitlements have been addressed by the previously certified EIR for Amendment 6 to the Whiteface Specific Plan;
2. Whether the Proposed Project and associated entitlements create any new significant or more severe environmental impacts;
3. Whether new circumstances or new information create new significant or more severe impacts or require new analysis, and
4. Whether any identified new significant or more severe impacts are adequately addressed by previously approved mitigation measures.
The City has determined that the Project would have similar or reduced environmental impacts from those described in the certified EIR. There are no new significant environmental impacts or previously identified significant impacts made more severe by changes in the Project, new circumstances, and/or new information. Therefore, the City has determined that a subsequent EIR is not required pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines Section 15162. Rather, the City has determined that an EIR addendum should be prepared as the appropriate CEQA document to address the Project in accordance with State CEQA Guidelines Section 15164.
State CEQA Guidelines Section 15164(c) provides that an EIR addendum need not be circulated for public review.
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LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT 2-1
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND SETTING
2.1 PROJECT LOCATION
The Project Site consists of approximately 1,770 acres of land in the City of Simi Valley within Ventura County, California. The Project Site is located within an area of the City that is covered by the Whiteface Specific Plan. The overall Whiteface Specific Plan covers a total of approximately 2,686 acres.
The Project Site is characterized by rolling to semi-steep hills with a predominant ridgeline running northwest to southeast and intermittent drainage courses, generally running north to south. Elevations in the Project Site range from approximately 1,225 feet near the southeast to approximately 1,500 feet near the northwest with slopes ranging on average from approximately 15% to 40%.
A closed golf course, once known as Shadow Canyon Golf Course, occupies much of the Project Site with greens, cart paths and a (dry) pond still visible. Structures and amenities, including a golf club parking lot, that were located near the southwest portion of the Project Site have been demolished.
2.2 EXISTING CONDITIONS
Existing uses on the Project Site include two graded 18-hole golf courses, a clubhouse, and associated facilities such as a cart barn, driving range, parking lot, and open space, which is permanently closed.
According to the Land Use Map contained in the Simi Valley General Plan, the parcels in the Project Site are designated as the following land uses: Open Space, Residential Estate, Residential Low, Residential Medium, and Recreation Commercial.
2.3 PROPOSED PROJECT
The Proposed Project consists of the transfer of 180 dwelling units permitted within the Whiteface Specific Plan boundaries from the southern portion of the specific plan area to the northern portion of the specific plan area. Specifically, the 180 units would be relocated from the southern areas within Dry Canyon and Tapo Canyon to areas north of Lost Canyons Drive.
Overall, the Proposed Project would result in a total of 364 residential lots, including 362 lots north of Lost Canyons Drive and two estate lots located south of Lost Canyons Drive, including one in Dry Canyon and one in Tapo Canyon , both of which would be accessible from existing easements. Instead of spreading the 364 units throughout a wider footprint in the Whiteface Specific Plan as was originally approved with the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would cluster 362 of the 364 units within the northern area of the Whiteface Specific Plan where the Shadow Canyon Golf Course previously operated. 595
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ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
Also, the Proposed Project would not include the development of a new golf course, a clubhouse, or a private park as was approved with the Approved Project. Instead, the Proposed Project proposes to provide recreational amenities including a private recreation building for residents of the development as well as public recreational trails through the southern portion of the Project Site and public recreational trails on the golf course trails that exist within portions of the northern portion of the Project Site.
The Proposed Project would retain the Residential Estate (RE) zoning designation on four areas in the Specific Plan boundaries that currently have this designation, and the Applicant proposes a maximum of sixteen residential estate lots that could be developed within these areas of the specific plan. Minimum lot sizes for RE lots are a minimum of 20 acres. The evaluation herein of biological resources and other resource topics does not account for any future development within these RE zoned areas given there are currently no plans for sitespecific development in these areas. As such, the analyses herein assume that RE zoned areas are not disturbed or impacted by development. It should be noted that the CEQA documentation for the Whiteface Specific Plan as well as for the Approved Project evaluated the environmental effects of up to 1,211 residential units in the specific plan boundaries. The Proposed Project would result in 364 units in addition to the 847 units that were allowed to be built in Sand Canyon/Big Sky Ranch area of the specific plan boundaries, of which approximately 738 residential units have been built to date.
The Proposed Project would include the following approvals:
• A General Plan Amendment (GPA);
• A Zone Change;
• A Specific Plan Amendment (SPA);
• A Planned Development Permit (PDP) Modification; and
• A Tentative Map.
• A Streambed Alteration Agreement from the CDFW;
• A Water Quality Certification or Report of Waste Discharge Requirements from the Regional Water Quality Control Board; and
• A Biological Opinion from the USFWS.
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LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT 3-3
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST
This EIR Addendum evaluates whether any of the conditions requiring preparation of a Subsequent Environmental Impact Report (EIR), pursuant to Section 15162 of the State CEQA Guidelines, are met, and whether there are new significant impacts resulting from the Project, as compared to the impacts previously approved and analyzed in the 2011 EIR. As previously identified in Section 1.0, Introduction, of this Addendum, between 1992 and 2010, the Whiteface Specific Plan was amended five times. On February 14, 2011, the Simi Valley City Council certified the Final EIR for Amendment 6 to the Whiteface Specific Plan, which was prepared for the Lost Canyons Project. The analysis contained within this EIR Addendum relies upon and incorporates by reference the said Final EIR (i.e., the 2011 EIR).
This EIR Addendum uses Appendix G of the Environmental Checklist Form, pursuant to 15063(d)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, that compares the anticipated environmental effects of the Project with those addressed in the 2011 EIR.
For each topical issue, summaries of the environmental analysis conclusions from the 2011 EIR are provided along with mitigation measures, as applicable. Following the summary of the 2011 EIR, the analysis for the Project is presented.
This document is an Addendum to the adopted 2011 EIR and demonstrates that there are no changes to the previous information or analysis or changes in circumstances that would substantially increase significant environmental impacts or create any new significant impacts. This EIR Addendum demonstrates that no new information of substantial importance has been identified that shows the Project would have one or more significant effects not discussed in the 2011 EIR. Additionally, this EIR Addendum demonstrates that no new mitigation measures are required beyond the mitigation measures that were previously identified in the 2011 EIR as well as the measures and conditions that are contained in the Project’s regulatory permits from CDFW, USWS, USACE, and the RWQCB. 597
Environmental Checklist
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ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
3.1 AESTHETICS
3.1.1 2011 EIR
As described in the 2011 EIR, the Project Site’s topography is defined by two prominent canyons—Dry Canyon and Tapo Canyon—and their associated ridgelines and drainage channels. Elevations range from approximately 1,200 feet above sea level in the southern portion of the site to over 2,200 feet in the northern portion. The higher elevations are visible from various locations throughout Simi Valley.
Scenic Vistas
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would alter views from certain off-site public vantage points. These locations currently enjoy relatively unobstructed views of natural open space, including hillsides, ridgelines, and canyons within the Project Site. With implementation of the Approved Project, partial views of residential development would replace portions of these natural vistas. Additionally, short-term visual impacts were identified, including views of grading and construction activities.
To minimize visual impacts, the Approved Project was designed to concentrate development in canyon bottoms and lower elevations, preserving higher elevations as open space. The 2011 EIR concluded that the Approved Project would not substantially alter off-site views of the Whiteface Escarpment or other visual features such as the ridgelines of Dry and Tapo Canyons and smaller ridgelines within their drainage areas. Compliance with the City’s Hillside Performance Standards (HPS) was required to further reduce aesthetic impacts. The 2011 EIR determined that, with implementation of mitigation measures 4.1-1 through 4.1-6, the Approved Project would result in less than significant impacts to scenic vistas.
As required by mitigation measure 4.1-1, prior to issuance of a Zoning Clearance for grading, the applicant must submit a Landscape Plan, specifications, and a separate Maintenance Plan.
These plans must align with the conditions of approval and the adopted Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program, incorporating recommendations from the biological resources mitigation program and Fire Hazard Reduction Program. The plans must be reviewed by the City Landscape Architect or consultant and approved by the Environmental Services Director.
As required by mitigation measure 4.1-2, before approval of any final tract maps, a detailed landscape plan for the applicable development phase must be reviewed and approved by the City’s Environmental Services Department. The plan must be prepared and certified by a restoration ecologist or licensed landscape architect with expertise in native plant materials and habitat restoration.
As required by mitigation measure 4.1-3, to minimize grading impacts, all manufactured slopes must be landscaped with shallow-rooted, soil-binding plants within three months of grading completion. Topsoil should be reused, and slopes stabilized with non-toxic materials. Irrigation systems must be UV-resistant and designed for reclaimed water use.
Initial revegetation must use a hydro-seed mix of fast-growing annual grasses and summerflowering forbs. 598
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ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
As required by mitigation measure 4.1-4, all concrete structures in natural areas—such as drainage ditches, detention basins, rip-rap, crib walls, swales, or curbs—must be constructed using colored concrete to blend with the surrounding terrain.
As required by mitigation measure 4.1-5, the Specific Plan includes design guidelines for architectural styles, building materials, and colors that harmonize with the surrounding landscape. Exterior building and roofing materials must appear natural, and bright or contrasting colors are prohibited.
As required by mitigation measure 4.1-6, to minimize changes to the site’s visual character, tree screens must be placed along the southern perimeter of the Specific Plan area to obscure views of structures above ridgelines. Trees must reflect the character of the area or its historic context and be of sufficient size at maturity to screen the proposed structures.
With implementation of mitigation measures 4.1-1 through 4.1-6, the 2011 EIR determined that the Approved Project would result in less than significant impacts related to scenic vistas.
Scenic Resources
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would generally limit grading to low-lying areas within the on-site canyons, preserving higher elevations and steep slopes as undeveloped open space. This includes the Whiteface Escarpment portion of Big Mountain within the Project Site.
The EIR also identified the presence of 683 protected trees on the Project Site, in accordance with the City of Simi Valley Development Code. These included 208 coast live oaks and 14 valley oaks. Of these, 366 trees were identified for removal or direct impact due to the Approved Project, while 317 trees would remain unaffected. Thus, 46 percent of the inventoried trees would be preserved.
Although the removal of protected trees was considered a potentially significant impact, the EIR concluded that with implementation of mitigation measures 4.3-30 through 4.3-47— focused on replacement tree planting—and adherence to Development Code requirements, the impacts would be reduced to less than significant.
Visual Character
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in temporary impacts to visual character due to views of active construction from adjacent residential areas. Longterm changes to visual character were also identified, stemming from the introduction of residential development into a previously undeveloped landscape.
However, the EIR concluded that these impacts would be less than significant, due to several design features:
• Use of native vegetation along development edges.
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Environmental Checklist
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT 3-6
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
• Preservation of higher-elevation open space, which remains visible from off-site. • The Approved Project’s low-density and estate-density residential uses were found to be visually compatible with surrounding neighborhoods.
Also, the Approved Project would be required to implement the Citywide and Residential Design Guidelines adopted by Simi Valley, which promote architectural excellence and community identity through:
• Site-sensitive design.
• Use of natural materials and subdued colors.
• Integration of landscaping to soften visual transitions.
Light and Glare
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would introduce new lighting sources typical of urban development, including: vehicle headlights; streetlights; fixed outdoor lighting; and reflective building materials contributing to daytime glare. These impacts were determined to be less than significant with implementation of mitigation measures 4.1-7 and 4.1-8.
As required by mitigation measure 4.1-7, prior to issuance of a Zoning Clearance, the applicant must submit a lighting plan to the Departments of Environmental Services and Public Works. The plan must be prepared by a qualified lighting consultant and comply with City standards, including:
• Maximum 0.5 foot-candle for light spill at property lines. • Maximum 1.0 foot-candle for glare from streetlamps.
• Use of shielded, full cut-off fixtures to minimize skyglow and light trespass.
As required by mitigation measure 4.1-8, upon installation, all street lighting fixtures must be tested by factory-trained technicians to ensure compliance with glare and spill thresholds.
Testing must confirm that lighting does not exceed the specified foot-candle levels at adjacent property boundaries.
Mitigation Program
• 4.1-1. Prior to the issuance of a Zoning Clearance for grading, the applicant shall submit a Landscape Plan, together with specifications and a separate Maintenance Plan. The Landscape Plan shall encompass all areas required to be planted consistent with the conditions of approval and the adopted Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program and shall incorporate the recommendations of the biological resources mitigation program and Fire Hazard Reduction Program. The Landscape Plan shall be reviewed by the City of Simi Valley Landscape Architect and/or consultant and approved by the Environmental Services Director prior to Zoning Clearance for grading permit, or first Tract Map approval, whichever occurs first. 600
Environmental Checklist
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT 3-7
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
• 4.1-2. Prior to the approval of any final tract maps, a detailed landscape plan for the applicable development phase shall be reviewed and approved by the City of Simi Valley Environmental Services Department. The plan shall be prepared and certified by a restoration ecologist or licensed landscape architect with expertise in native plant materials and habitat restoration.
• 4.1-3. To minimize the effects of grading, all manufactured slopes shall be landscaped, planted with shallow rooted soil binding plants as soon as possible (within three months) after completion of grading. Graded slopes should reuse topsoil and be planted and stabilized with non-toxic stabilizers in compliance with City-approved landscape, irrigation, and maintenance requirements. The irrigation system shall be UV-resistant, on-grade “purple pipe,” or equivalent based on the anticipation of the use of reclaimed water for the Project Site. The hydro-seed mix used in initial revegetation efforts shall consist of a mix of fast-growing annual grasses and summer flowering forbs.
• 4.1-4. All concrete structures, such as drainage ditches, detention basins, riprap, crib walls, swales, or curbs, located in natural areas shall be constructed with colored concrete to blend with the surrounding terrain.
• 4.1-5. The Specific Plan has design guidelines that establish architectural styles and elements shall detail exterior elevation designs, building materials, and colors for the proposed houses that fit in with the surrounding landscape; further described in detail in the Specific Plan Design Guidelines Section 4.0 Architecture. Exterior building and roofing materials shall be natural in appearance; bright or contrasting colors shall not be used.
• 4.1-6. To minimize the change in the visual character of the site, tree screens shall be placed along the southern perimeter of the Specific Plan area to limit views of the structures observable above ridgelines within the Specific Plan area. Trees shall be consistent with the character of the area or the historic character of the site. At maturity, the trees shall be of a sufficient size to screen the proposed structures.
Initial plantings shall be no less than 15-gallon cans. • 4.1-7. Prior to issuance of a Zoning Clearance, a lighting plan shall be submitted to the City of Simi Valley Department of Environmental Services and Department of Public Works. The plan shall be prepared by a lighting consultant and incorporate recommended guidelines (0.5 foot-candle [the minimum parking lot security level] as a threshold for spill and the minimum streetlamp glare level of 1.0 footcandle). • 4.1-8. When installed, test and adjust all street lighting fixtures to ensure that light levels do not exceed 1.0 foot-candle of glare and 0.5 footcandle (or other lighting standards or guidelines) of spill at the property lines. Testing of street lighting fixtures shall be conducted by factory-trained and employed technicians only. 601
Environmental Checklist
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT 3-8
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
3.1.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS
Environmental Issues
New
Significant
Impact
More
Severe
Impacts
New Ability
to
Substantially
Reduce
Significant
Impact
No
Substantial
Change
From
Previous
Analysis
AESTHETICS – Would the project:
a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway?
c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality?
d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area?
Would the Project:
a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. As with the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would alter views of the Project Site for some off-site public viewpoints that would have partial views of residential development within the Project Site with implementation of the Proposed Project instead of the relatively unobstructed views of natural open space that they have in pre-project conditions, with views of hillsides, ridgelines, and canyons that are located in the Project Site.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in direct impacts to a total of 790.72 acres of land. The Proposed Project would impact a total of 305.22 acres of land, which is a reduction in impacts of 485.50 acres (Chambers Group, 2024a). Given the reduced footprint and extent of the Proposed Project, the Proposed Project would result in reduced permanent impacts related to scenic vistas than would the Approved Project.
Similar to the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would result in short-term visual impacts including impacts associated with views of grading and construction activity. Given the reduced footprint and extent of grading for the Proposed Project, the Proposed Project would result in reduced temporary impacts related to scenic vistas than would the Approved Project.
As was the case for the Approved Project, the Proposed Project has been designed to occur generally at the canyon bottoms and lower elevations in the Project Site to avoid visual impacts, which allows for the higher elevations in the Project Site to remain as open space. 602
Environmental Checklist
LOST CANYONS SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT 3-9
ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
As with the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would not substantially alter off-site views of the Whiteface Escarpment, which occurs in the Project Site, or other visual features in the Project Site such as the ridgelines of Dry and Tapo Canyons and the smaller ridgelines of the drainages within these canyons. The Proposed Project would be required to comply with City’s Hillside Performance Standards (HPS), which would minimize aesthetic impacts.
As with the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would be required to implement mitigation measures 4.1-1 through 4.1-6 from the 2011 EIR.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. Similar to the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would generally limit grading activities to low-lying areas within the Project Site, leaving higher elevations and steep slopes as undeveloped open space. The Proposed Project would preserve the Whiteface Escarpment portion of Big Mountain that lies within the Project Site.
The 2011 EIR described that there were 683 protected trees inventoried in the Project Site, pursuant to the requirements contained in the City of Simi Valley’s Development Code. The 2011 EIR disclosed that there would be 366 City-protected trees that would need to be directly impacted and/or removed in the Project Site as a result of the Approved Project. The Proposed Project would require the removal of 55 protected trees and the relocation of 61 protected trees.
The Proposed Project would be required to implement mitigation measures and adhere to Simi Valley Municipal Code requirements, which would reduce visual impacts related to tree removals. Specifically, the Applicant would be required to implement mitigation measures from the 2011 EIR, including mitigation measures 4.3-30 through 4.3-47, which provide specifications on replacement tree planting.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. Similar to the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would result in temporary impacts to visual character related to views of an active construction site for adjacent residential land uses. 603
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ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
Also, the Proposed Project would alter long-term visual character of the Project Site through the introduction of development, as would the Approved Project. As with the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would consist of the development of low-density and estatedensity residential uses, which would be visually consistent with existing residential development near the Project Site.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in direct impacts to a total of 790.72 acres of land. The Proposed Project would impact a total of 305.22 acres of land, which is a reduction in impacts of 485.50 acres (Chambers Group, 2024a). Given the reduced footprint and extent of the Proposed Project, the Proposed Project would result in reduced temporary and permanent impacts related to visual character than would the Approved Project.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The Proposed Project would result in increased lighting through the use of vehicle headlights, street lights, fixed outdoor lights, and other light sources common to urban areas. Daytime sources of potential glare including sun reflecting off of glass and other building materials is also anticipated to result from the Proposed Project. The Proposed Project would be required to implement mitigation measures 4.1-7 and 4.1-8. Given the reduced development proposed when comparing the Approved Project to the Proposed Project, the Proposed Project would result in reduced impacts related to nighttime lighting and glare.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
Conclusion
The Proposed Project would not result in any new or substantially increased effects related to aesthetics that were not already previously evaluated and disclosed in the 2011 EIR that was prepared for the Approved Project. Mitigation measures from the 2011 EIR relating to aesthetics continue to apply; however, no new mitigation measures are proposed as a part of the Proposed Project that would result in any new impacts that were not previously evaluated in the 2011 EIR.
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ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
3.2 AIR QUALITY
3.2.1 2011 EIR
The 2011 EIR described that implementation of the Approved Project would generate both construction-related and operation-related pollutant emissions.
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would generate construction-related emissions through the use of on-site stationary sources, heavy-duty construction vehicles, construction worker vehicles, and energy use. The 2011 EIR described that operationrelated emissions would be generated by on-site and off-site stationary sources and by mobile sources. The 2011 EIR found that with the implementation of recommended construction control measures, short-term construction air quality impacts of the Approved Project would be considered less than significant.
The 2011 EIR found that single-family residential land uses, golf courses, and communityserving retail uses do not typically emit objectionable odors. Facilities such as wastewater treatment plants, sanitary landfills, petroleum refineries, and chemical manufacturing plants are the typical types of land uses that would emit objectionable odors. The 2011 EIR described that none of these types of facilities are located in the vicinity of the Project Site.
Therefore, the 2011 EIR determined that the Approved Project would have less than significant impacts related to exposing people to objectionable odors.
The 2011 EIR found that the population growth attributed to the Approved Project is within Ventura Council of Government growth forecasts that form the basis for the land use and transportation control portions of the Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP). The 2011 EIR determined that because the Approved Project is within the AQMP growth forecasts for the City, the Approved Project would also be consistent with the AQMP, indicating that approval and implementation of the Approved Project would not jeopardize attainment of state and federal ambient air quality standards in Ventura County. The increase in emissions generated by the Approved Project would not exceed the City of Simi Valley’s 13.7 tons-perday threshold for ROC and NOX. Because the basin is classified as in serious nonattainment for the federal 8-hour O3 standards, a project that creates individually significant air quality impacts would also contribute to cumulatively significant air impacts. The 2011 EIR found that as the Approved Project is part of the greater Whiteface Specific Plan, and the environmental analysis for the Whiteface Specific Plan determined that the Whiteface Specific Plan would result in significant and unavoidable impacts to air quality, the Approved Project would be considered cumulatively significant.
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would not cause any of the studied intersections to fall below accepted operational levels of service. The buildout traffic analysis conducted for the Approved Project was based on the City of Simi Valley General Plan buildout which includes estimated traffic growth associated with buildout of the Simi Valley General Plan Land Use Element and anticipated regional growth. The buildout traffic forecasts also incorporate the expected roadway network development within the vicinity of the Project Site, including any planned improvements that the City of Simi Valley will undertake on local roadways in the future. Hence, the project-specific CO discussion applies 605
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ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
equally to the cumulative condition. Of the 17 intersections evaluated in the traffic impact analysis for the Approved Project as a part of the 2011 EIR, none of the intersections would operate at or below LOS E or LOS F. Therefore, since all of the study intersections will perform at LOS D and above for existing traffic conditions plus Approved Project and existing traffic conditions plus buildout plus Approved Project, under VCAPCD guidelines none of the intersections qualified for a CO-hotspot screening analysis. The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would not result in an increase in CO levels equal to or greater than 20 ppm (parts per million) for the 1-hour state standard, or 9.0 ppm (parts per million) for the 8-hour state standard at the edge of the roadway or beyond. The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project’s impacts related to air quality emissions associated with vehicular congestion and LOS would be considered less than significant.
As discussed in the 2011 EIR, although mitigation measures would reduce operational emissions, long-term impacts associated with the Approved Project would contribute to air quality deterioration as the Whiteface Specific Plan as a whole would generate pollutant emissions in excess of ROC and NOx thresholds. Therefore, the 2011 EIR determined that the Approved Project’s air quality impacts would be significant and unavoidable. Additionally, the 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project’s contribution to cumulative GHG emissions would contribute to a cumulative impact on global climate change. While no agency had adopted numerical significance thresholds for GHG emissions at the time the 2011 EIR was prepared, several agencies had proposed draft thresholds at that time, which were less than the Approved Project’s GHG emissions. As such, in the absence of definitive and final guidance adopted by the State, the 2011 EIR concluded that the Approved Project would have a significant cumulative impact on climate change.
Mitigation Program
• 4.2-1. During construction, the contractors shall implement the following control measures provided in the VCAPCD Air Quality Assessment Guidelines to minimize the generation of fugitive dust (PM10), ROC, and NOX:
o The area disturbed by clearing, grading, earth-moving, or excavation operations shall be minimized to the extent practicable to prevent excessive amounts of dust.
o Pre-grading/excavation activities shall include watering the areas to be graded or excavated before grading or excavation operations commences.
Application of water (preferably reclaimed or nonpotable, if available) should penetrate sufficiently to minimize fugitive dust during grading activities. o Fugitive dust produced during grading excavation and construction activities shall be controlled by the following activities: (a) All trucks shall be required to cover their loads as required by California Vehicles Code Section 23114. (b) All graded and excavated material, exposed soil areas, and active portions of the construction site, including unpaved onsite roadways, shall be treated to prevent fugitive dust. Treatment shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, periodic watering, application of environmentally safe soil stabilization material, and/or roll-compaction as appropriate. Watering shall be done as 606
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often as necessary and reclaimed or non-potable water shall be used whenever possible.
o Graded and/or excavated inactive areas of the construction site shall be monitored at least weekly for dust stabilization. Soil stabilization methods, such as water and roll-compaction, and environmentally safe dust-control materials, shall be periodically applied to portions of the construction site that are inactive for over four days. If no further grading or excavation operations are planned for the area, the area should be seeded and watered until grass growth is evident, or periodically treated with environmentally safe dust suppressants to prevent excessive fugitive dust.
o Signs limiting traffic to 15 miles per hour or less shall be posted on site. o During periods of high winds (i.e., wind speed sufficient to cause fugitive dust to impact adjacent properties), all clearing, grading, earth-moving, and excavation operations shall be curtailed to the degree necessary to prevent fugitive dust created by on-site activities and operations from being a nuisance or hazard, either off site or on site. The site superintendent/supervisor shall use discretion in conjunction with the VCAPCD in determining when winds are excessive.
o Adjacent streets and roads shall be swept at least once per day, preferably at the end of the day if visible soil material is carried over to adjacent streets and roads.
o Personnel involved in grading operations, including contractors and subcontractors, should be advised to wear respiratory protection in accordance with California Division of Occupational Safety and Health regulations.
• 4.2-2. During construction, contractors shall comply with the following measures, as feasible, to reduce NOX and ROC from heavy equipment as recommended by the VCAPCD in its Ventura County Air Quality Assessment Guidelines:
o Minimize equipment idling time.
o Maintain equipment engines in good condition and in proper tune as per manufacturer’s specifications.
o Lengthen the construction period during smog season (May through October) to minimize the number of vehicles and equipment operating at the same time. o Use alternatively fueled construction equipment, such as compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), or electric, if feasible. • 4.2-3. The project shall contribute to a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) fund to be used to develop regional programs to offset air pollutant emissions associated with buildout of the project. The total amount that would be contributed to an off-site TDM fund shall be based on a prorated amount. The prorated amount shall be calculated as a percentage of the total emissions by dividing the ROC and NOx emissions generated by this project, as shown in Table 4.2-12, by the ROC and NOX emissions generated by the Whiteface Specific Plan, as shown in Table 4.2-6. TDM 607
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funds shall be calculated based upon the methodology described in the VCAPCD Air Quality Assessment Guidelines. The VCAPCD Air Quality Assessment Guidelines recommend that all development projects with significant air quality impacts fully mitigate excess emissions through funding measures for at least three years, after buildout. The project shall pay its fair share contribution of the cost to the TDM of the Whiteface Specific Plan for both ROC (9.02 percent of the Whiteface Plan) and NOx (6.79 percent of the Whiteface Specific Plan); Table 4.2-13 shows the percentage of the emissions that the project is estimated to emit relative to the Whiteface Specific Plan.
The estimated fee (in 2009 dollars) is calculated for a three year period to be $294,773 (based on $6.81 per pound per day ROC exceeded times 39.53 lbs/day (7.21 tpy) exceeded/day times 365 days operated per year times 3 years after buildout = $294,773 for ROC and $9.91 per pound per day NOx exceeded times 22.51 lbs/day (4.11 tpy) exceeded/day times 365 days operated per year times 3 years after buildout = $244,266). While the cost of the off-site TDM fund is calculated separately for ROC and NOx, the amount is based on only the higher of the two costs since funding will result in mitigation programs that reduce both pollutants.
Payment of fees shall be re-calculated, based on the VCAPCD Air Quality Assessment Guidelines and amounts in effect, at the time final tract maps are approved and occur prior to issuance of building permits.
• 4.2-4. Only natural gas fireplaces shall be installed into new residential units. • 4.2-5. To the degree feasible, the project shall implement measures from the BuildItGreen GreenPoint Checklist included in the guidelines to an extent sufficient to score an overall Green Building rating for new residential structures. These guidelines include, but are not limited to, the following measures that could be selectively implemented by the Project Site development team in the construction of the 364 residential units, deletion of the existing golf course (Shadow Golf Course), and the privatization of the second existing golf course on premises (Sky Golf Course).
Application of the GreenPoint Checklist, using the following guidelines, is designated to reduce environmental impacts in regard to GHG emissions:
o Protect topsoil and minimize disruption of existing plants and trees. o Recycle construction waste (including Green Waste).
o Use recycled-content aggregate (minimum 25 percent).
o Replace Portland cement in concrete with recycled fly ash or slag. o Construct resource-efficient landscapes.
o Minimize turf areas in landscape installed by the developer. o Plant shade trees.
o Group plants by water needs (Hydrozoning).
o Install high-efficiency irrigation systems.
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o Use 50 percent salvaged or recycled-content materials for 50 percent of nonplant landscape areas. o Use FSC-certified wood.
o Use solid wall systems (Includes SIPs, ICFs, and any non-stick frame assembly).
o Design energy heels on roof trusses (75 percent of attic insulation height at outside edge of exterior wall).
o Use recycled-content steel studs for 90 percent of interior wall framing. o Thermal mass walls: 5/8-inch drywall on all interior walls or walls weighing more than 40 pounds/cubic feet.
o Use recycled-content (no virgin plastic) or FSC-certified decking. o Install insulation with 75 percent recycled content.
o Inspect quality of insulation installation before applying drywall. o Distribute domestic hot water efficiently.
o Install only high-efficiency toilets (dual-flush or 1.3 gallons per flush [gpf]). o Design and install HVAC Systems to ACCA Manual J, D, and S recommendations. o Install zoned, hydronic radiant heating with slab insulation. o Install high efficiency air conditioning with environmentally responsible refrigerants.
o Design and install effective ductwork.
o Install high-efficiency HVAC filters (MERV 6+).
o Do not install fireplaces or install sealed gas fireplaces with efficiency ratings of not less than 60 percent using CSA standards.
o Install mechanical fresh air ventilation systems.
o Pre-plumb for solar water heating.
o Install solar water heating systems.
o Install wiring conduit for Future Photovoltaic installation and provide 200 feet of south-facing roofing.
o Install Photovoltaic (PV) panels.
o Use recycled-content paint.
o Use environmentally preferable materials for interior finish: (a) FSC-certified Wood (b) Reclaimed (c) Rapidly renewable (d) Recycled-content or (e) Fingerjointed. o Use environmentally preferable flooring: (a) FSC-certified Wood, (b) Reclaimed, (c) Rapidly Renewable, (d) Recycled-Content, (e) Exposed Concrete.
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3.2.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS
Environmental Issues
New
Significant
Impact
More
Severe
Impacts
New Ability
to
Substantially
Reduce
Significant
Impact
No
Substantial
Change
From
Previous
Analysis
AIR QUALITY – Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management district or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project:
a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan?
b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard.
c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant
concentrations?
d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people? The responses in this section are based on an Air Quality Technical Memorandum that was prepared for the Proposed Project by Michael Baker International in February 2025.
Would the Project:
a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The 2011 EIR demonstrated the Approved Project’s consistency with the 2008 AQMP, which was the latest AQMP when the 2011 EIR was prepared. This was done by comparing actual population growth with the projected growth rates used in the 2008 AQMP. The 2011 EIR evaluated the Approved Project based on its location in the Simi Valley Growth Area. The 1995 AQMP forecasted a population of 131,207 for 2005. By June 30, 2009, the population was estimated at 123,751.
The City of Simi Valley’s Managed-Growth Plan projected a 2010 population of 131,205. The 2011 EIR concluded that the population was below both the VCAPCD and the City’s projections when the 2011 EIR was prepared, and therefore the population would be consistent with the 2008 AQMP, indicating less than significant impacts related to this threshold. Additionally, the 2011 EIR concluded that the Approved Project conformed to the City of Simi Valley General Plan, ensuring consistency with the 2008 AQMP. The 2011 EIR also concluded that the Approved Project would implement several emission-reduction strategies from the 2008 AQMP. These strategies included extending public bicycle paths and multi-use trails to encourage biking and walking. Recreational uses would be designed to promote non-vehicular transportation like walking and golf cart usage. Multi-purpose trails for pedestrians, non-motorized bicycles, and electric carts would be provided, along with parking for bicycles and electric vehicles in common areas. Overall, the Approved Project would align with the 2008 AQMP emission-reduction strategies; as such, the 2011 EIR determined that the Approved Project would have a less than significant impact on air quality standards.
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Population growth rates are indicators of future emissions from population-related categories. The VCAPCD’s Ventura County Air Quality Assessment Guidelines (dated October 2003) recommend using the most recent AQMP population forecasts for consistency analyses. In order to reduce emissions, the VCAPCD adopted the 2022 AQMP which establishes a program of rules and regulations directed at reducing air pollutant emissions and achieving State and Federal air quality standards. The AQMP is a regional and multiagency effort including the VCAPCD, CARB, SCAG, and EPA. The 2022 AQMP was adopted by the VCAPCD on December 13, 2022, and incorporates the latest scientific and technical information and planning assumptions, including the growth assumptions from SCAG 2020- 2045 RTP/SCS, and emission inventory methodologies for various source categories.
According to VCAPCD’s Ventura County Air Quality Assessment Guidelines, project consistency with the 2022 AQMP can be determined by comparing the actual population growth in the County with the projected growth rates used in the 2022 AQMP. The projected growth rate in population is used as an indicator of future emissions from population-related emission categories in the 2022 AQMP. These emission estimates are used, in part, to project the date by which the County will attain the federal ozone standard.
The Proposed Project would internally relocate 180 dwelling units from Dry Canyon and Tapo Canyon, south of Lost Canyons Drive, to the area of the Project Site that is located north of Lost Canyons Drive. This would reflect a zero-sum net change in the total number of dwelling units between the Proposed Project and the Approved Project and would be an equal transfer of units within the overall tentative tract map area. The overall total dwelling units would remain at 364 single-family dwelling units with the Proposed Project. Given that the number and type of residential units proposed would not change, the estimated population growth anticipated from the Proposed Project also would not change. Therefore, the project would not have the potential to result in population growth in exceedance of what was predicted for the County of Ventura, and the project would be consistent with the 2022 AQMP
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The 2011 EIR quantified the construction and operational emissions of the Approved Project and compared them to the VCAPCD’s regional significance thresholds. It stated that neither the City nor the VCAPCD identified construction as a cause of significant air quality impacts, provided that standard construction control measures were implemented during construction activities. The 2011 EIR concluded that emissions during construction of the Approved Project would not exceed VCAPCD’s thresholds for VOC and NOx with the recommended construction control measures in place.
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Long-term operational impacts from mobile and stationary sources associated with the implementation of the Approved Project were analyzed and calculated using the Urban Emission (URBEMIS) 2007 computer model as a part of the development of the 2011 EIR.
The operational modeling conducted for the 2011 EIR assumed that all 364residential units would use natural gas appliances and that all 364 of the units would include natural gas fireplaces. The 2011 EIR concluded that operational emissions from the Approved Project would not exceed the applicable VCAPCD’s thresholds for the City of Simi Valley. However, the prior environmental analysis of the entire Specific Plan determined that the Specific Plan as a whole would exceed the City’s thresholds for VOC and NOx. Therefore, the air quality impacts of the Approved Project were considered significant as part of the overall Specific Plan project.
The 2011 EIR determined that the Approved Project would have reduced impacts related to this threshold with implementation of mitigation measures AQ-1 through AQ-4. However, long-term impacts associated with the Approved Project would continue to contribute to air quality deterioration, as the Specific Plan as a whole would generate pollutant emissions in excess of VOC and NOx thresholds. Therefore, impacts related to this threshold would remain significant and unavoidable.
Construction
Short-term air quality impacts are predicted to occur during demolition, grading, building construction, paving, and architectural coating operations associated with implementation of the Proposed Project. Temporary air emissions would result from the following activities:
• Particulate (fugitive dust) emissions from grading and building construction; and • Exhaust emissions from the construction equipment, hauling trucks, and motor vehicles of the construction crew.
The 364 residential buildings that would be constructed as a part of the Proposed Project would occur in two phases. Phase 1 of the Proposed Project is anticipated to begin in 2026 and would include demolition, grading, building construction, and architectural coating activities. Phase 2 construction activities for the Proposed Project are anticipated to begin in 2027 and would include grading, building construction, and architectural coating activities.
The Proposed Project would demolish approximately 31,300 square feet of buildings during demolition overall. Earthwork would be balanced on-site. Phase 1 and Phase 2 construction activities for the Proposed Project are assumed to overlap and total emissions during the overlapping construction activities were also calculated for the Proposed Project as a part of the Air Quality Technical Memo. The Air Quality Technical Memorandum includes estimated construction criteria pollutant emissions of VOC (ROG), NOx, CO, SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 for the Proposed Project.
The Proposed Project’s proposed density transfer of 180 lots would occur internally within the Specific Plan area (i.e., the Project Site) and therefore, would not result in an addition or reduction of land uses compared to what was previously analyzed in the 2011 EIR. 612
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Further, the 2011 EIR assumed construction would occur between the year 2011 and 2016.
As a result of the passage of time, the Proposed Project would generate lower construction emissions than were previously calculated for the Approved Project in the 2011 EIR, due to improved emission standards, cleaner fuel, and more efficient engines of the construction equipment.
Furthermore, the quantity of grading (e.g., the overall cubic yardage of cut and fill) and the acreage of land to be graded with the Proposed Project would be less than for the Approved Project. As such, overall construction emissions would be reduced for the Proposed Project when compared to the Approved Project.
Fugitive Dust Emissions
Construction activities are a source of fugitive dust emissions that may have a substantial, temporary impact on local air quality. In addition, fugitive dust may be a nuisance to those living and working in the vicinity of the Project Site. Fugitive dust emissions are associated with land clearing, ground excavation, cut-and-fill, and truck travel on unpaved roadways.
Fugitive dust emissions coming from a construction site typically vary substantially from day to day, depending on the level of activity, specific operations, and weather conditions.
Fugitive dust from grading and construction is expected to be short-term and would cease upon completion of construction activities.
Dust (larger than 10 microns) generated by such activities usually becomes more of a local nuisance than a serious health problem. Of particular health concern is the amount of PM10 generated as a part of fugitive dust emissions. PM10 poses a serious health hazard alone or in combination with other pollutants. PM2.5 is mostly produced by mechanical processes.
These include automobile tire wear, industrial processes such as cutting and grinding, and re-suspension of particles from the ground or road surfaces by wind and human activities such as construction or agriculture. PM2.5 is mostly derived from combustion sources, such as automobiles, trucks, and other vehicle exhaust, as well as from stationary sources. These particles are either directly emitted or are formed in the atmosphere from the combustion of gases such as NOX and sulfur oxides (SOX) combining with ammonia. PM2.5 components from material in the earth’s crust, such as dust, are also present, with the amount varying in different locations
The Proposed Project would implement required VCAPCD dust control techniques (i.e., daily watering), limitations on construction hours, and would adhere to VCAPCD Rule 55 (watering of inactive and active perimeters, truck hauling requirements, track out requirements, etc.), to reduce PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from the Project Site during construction. The VCAPCD has not established PM10 and PM2.5 thresholds of significance; however, the Proposed Project would comply with the applicable dust reduction strategies as per the VCAPCD Rule 55 to reduce PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from the Project Site during construction. Thus, consistent with the air quality impact analysis conclusions for the Approved Project that were included in the 2011 EIR, PM10 and PM2.5 emissions impacts associated with construction of the Proposed Project would be less than significant. 613
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Construction Equipment and Worker Vehicle Exhaust
Exhaust emissions (e.g., NOx and CO) from construction activities include emissions associated with the transport of machinery and supplies to and from the project site, emissions produced on-site as the equipment is used, and emissions from trucks transporting materials to/from the site. Consistent with the air quality impact analysis conclusions for the Approved Project included in the 2011 EIR, air quality impacts from equipment and vehicle exhaust emissions for the Proposed Project would also be less than significant.
ROG Emissions
In addition to gaseous and particulate emissions, the application of asphalt and surface coatings creates ROG emissions, which are O3 precursors. As required, all architectural coatings for the Proposed Project’s structures would comply with VCAPCD Rule 74.2. Rule
74.2, which provides specifications on painting practices as well as regulates the ROG content of paint to not exceed 50 grams per liter. Consistent with the impact findings in the 2011 EIR for the Approved Project, ROG emissions impacts for the Proposed Project would be less than significant.
Total Construction Emissions
As depicted in the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, the estimated total annual construction emissions of VOC (ROG), NOx, CO, SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 for the Proposed Project is anticipated to be less than what was previously evaluated in the 2011 EIR for the Approved Project.
Naturally Occurring Asbestos
Asbestos is a term used for several types of naturally occurring fibrous minerals that are human health hazards when airborne. The most common type of asbestos is chrysotile, but other types such as tremolite and actinolite are also found in California. Asbestos is classified as a known human carcinogen by state, federal, and international agencies and was identified as a toxic air contaminant by CARB in 1986. Asbestos can be released from serpentinite and ultramafic rocks when the rock is broken or crushed. At the point of release, the asbestos fibers may become airborne, causing air quality and human health hazards. These rocks have been commonly used for unpaved gravel roads, landscaping, fill projects, and other improvement projects in some localities. Asbestos may be released to the atmosphere due to vehicular traffic on unpaved roads, during grading for development projects, and at quarry operations. All of these activities may have the effect of releasing potentially harmful asbestos into the air. Natural weathering and erosion processes can act on asbestos bearing rock and make it easier for asbestos fibers to become airborne if such rock is disturbed.
According to the California Department of Conservation Division of Mines and Geology, A General Location Guide for Ultramafic Rocks in California – Areas More Likely to Contain Naturally Occurring Asbestos Report (August 2000), serpentinite and ultramafic rocks are not known to occur within the vicinity of the project site. Thus, the Proposed Project would have no impact related to naturally-occurring asbestos. 614
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Operations
Long-term air quality impacts including mobile source emissions generated from projectrelated traffic (i.e., motor vehicle use by residents and guests), and emissions from area and energy sources were evaluated for the Proposed Project within the Air Quality Technical Memorandum. Overall, the Proposed Project’s proposed density transfer of 180 lots would occur internally within the Specific Plan area (i.e., the Project Site). Therefore, the Proposed Project would not result in an addition or reduction of land uses compared to what was previously analyzed in the 2011 EIR.
Mobile Source
Mobile sources are emissions from motor vehicles, including tailpipe and evaporative emissions. Depending upon the pollutant being discussed, the potential air quality impact may be of either regional or local concern. For example, ROG, NOX, SOX, PM10, and PM2.5 are all pollutants of regional concern (NOX and ROG react with sunlight to form O3 [photochemical smog], and wind currents readily transport SOX, PM10, and PM2.5).
However, CO tends to be a localized pollutant, dispersing rapidly at the source.
Project-generated vehicle emissions have been estimated for the Proposed Project as a part of the Air Quality Technical Memorandum using CalEEMod. The Proposed Project would result in an increase in daily trips from the 2,840 net new daily trips that were anticipated for the Approved Project to a total of 3,483 trips per day that are anticipated to be generated by the Proposed Project.
Area Source Emissions
Area source emissions would result for the Proposed Project from consumer products and architectural coatings.
The Proposed Project would reduce its operational air quality emissions through the universal use of all electric landscaping equipment. However, this design feature has not been accounted in the modeling as a conservative analysis.
Energy Source Emissions
Energy source air quality emissions would be generated by electricity and natural gas (nonhearth) usage associated with the Proposed Project. The primary use of energy by the Proposed Project would be for space heating and cooling, water heating, ventilation, lighting, appliances, and electronics. The Proposed Project would install high efficiency lighting, appliances, and solar ready roofs. However, as a conservative analysis, these project design features were not accounted in the modeling conducted as a part of the Proposed Project’s Air Quality Technical Memorandum.
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Total Operational Emissions
Given that the Proposed Project reflects a zero-sum net change in the total number of dwelling units within the Project Site, the Proposed Project would not result in any new operational air quality impacts compared to what was evaluated in the 2011 EIR.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The 2011 EIR concluded that the Approved Project would result in a less than significant impact related to CO hotspots since the Approved Project would not generate traffic that would contribute to potential adverse traffic impacts that may result in the formation of CO hotspots. As a part of the development of the 2011 EIR, a Health Risk Assessment was prepared for the Approved Project to determine potential health risks associated with construction from the Approved Project, which concluded that the Approved Project would result in less than significant health impacts due to the short period of construction and due to the lack of toxic air contaminants sources within the Project Site during operation.
The 2011 EIR analyzed impacts for the Approved Project related to Valley Fever. The 2011 EIR concluded that construction activities for the Approved Project during rainy winters, springs, or after wind and dust storms can expose workers to Valley Fever spores present in the soil. This exposure can lead to potentially significant health impacts for construction workers and others in the vicinity of the Project Site. The 2011 EIR included Mitigation Measures 4.6-7 through 4.6-9, which required use of respirators and air-conditioned equipment cabs during clearing, grading, and excavation, treating construction roads with dust control agents, wetting unpaved roads twice daily to minimize dust, control of weed growth by mowing instead of discing to keep the ground undisturbed, with mulch covering used when possible. Therefore, with the implementation of these mitigation measures, impacts related to Valley Fever during construction of the Approved Project were determined would be less than significant.
Sensitive receptors are defined as facilities or land uses that include members of the population that are particularly sensitive to the effects of air pollutants, such as children, the elderly, and people with illnesses. Examples of these sensitive receptors are residences, schools, hospitals, and daycare centers. CARB has identified the following groups of individuals as the most likely to be affected by air pollution: the elderly over 65, children under 14, athletes, and persons with cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma, emphysema, and bronchitis.
The closest sensitive receptors to the Project Site are the residential parcels located approximately 150 feet west (approximately 150 feet from the impact limits for the Proposed Project) that is known as Glenmeadow neighborhood. 616
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Localized Air Quality Health Impacts
Construction
The Proposed Project’s construction activities would involve the operation of dieselpowered equipment, which would emit Diesel Particulate Matter (DPM). In 1998, the CARB identified diesel exhaust as a Toxic Air Contaminant (TAC). Cancer health risks associated with exposures to diesel exhaust typically are associated with chronic exposure, in which a 30-year exposure period often is assumed. The Proposed Project would be constructed over two phases for a period of approximately five years. The Proposed Project would comply with the VCAPCD Rule 57.1, which requires fuel burning equipment to not emit particulate matter emissions exceeding 0.12 pounds per million British thermal unit (BTU) of fuel input.
Compliance with VCAPCD Rule 57.1 would reduce the amount of DPM emissions from the construction of the Proposed Project.
As previously discussed, the closest sensitive receptors are single-family residences located approximately 150 feet to the west of the Project Site. The Proposed Project would generate lower construction emissions than previously calculated for the Approved Project in the 2011 EIR, due to improved emission standards, cleaner fuel, and more efficient engines of the construction equipment. Therefore, the Proposed Project would not result in any additional localized air quality impact than those impacts that were previously disclosed in the 2011 EIR Furthermore, the 2011 EIR concluded that the cancer risk resulting from the Approved Project’s construction activities would not exceed the VCAPCD significance threshold. As the Proposed Project would generate lower construction emissions than the Approved Project, construction of the Proposed Project is not anticipated to result in an elevated cancer risk to nearby sensitive receptors.
Operation
The Proposed Project would involve the transfer of 180 single-family residential dwelling units. Residential development would result in very limited operational activities with potential health risks, including landscaping maintenance operations when required. These activities would not result in the generation of excessive TAC emissions, or associated health risks during operation of the Proposed Project. Therefore, operation of the Proposed Project would not result in an elevated cancer risk to nearby sensitive receptors.
Carbon Monoxide Hotspots
Carbon Monoxide (CO) emissions are a function of vehicle idling time, meteorological conditions, and traffic flow. Under certain extreme meteorological conditions, CO concentrations near a congested roadway or intersection may reach unhealthful levels (i.e., adversely affecting residents, school children, hospital patients, the elderly, etc.). The VCAPCD requires a quantified assessment of CO hotspots when a project would generate indirect emissions greater than the applicable ozone project significance thresholds (25 pounds per day of NOX and ROG), and may significantly impact roadway intersections that are currently operating at, or are expected to operate at, Levels of Service (LOS) E or F. 617
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Because traffic congestion is highest at intersections where vehicles queue and are subject to reduced speeds, these CO hot spots are typically produced at intersections.
According to the Transportation Memorandum that was prepared for the Proposed Project, the local roadway (Lost Canyons Road) is classified as LOS A. Furthermore, none of the analyzed local roadways evaluated in the Transportation Memorandum would operate at LOS E or F under existing or future conditions, and the low volume of traffic (a maximum of 3,483 average daily trips) generated as a result of implementation of the Proposed Project would not significantly impact analyzed roadway intersections. Therefore, according to the VCAPCD guidelines, the Proposed Project does not require a quantified assessment of CO hotspots.
Valley Fever
As discussed above, the City and the Project Site are in an area designated as suspected endemic for Valley Fever by the CDC. Nearby sensitive receptors as well as construction workers could be exposed to Valley Fever from fugitive dust generated during construction of the Proposed Project. The VCAPCD has no recommended threshold for a significant Valley Fever impact. Further, the Proposed Project would be required to comply with 2011 EIR Mitigation Measures 4.6-7 through 4.6-9, which require the use of respirators and airconditioned equipment cabs during clearing, grading, and excavation for the Proposed Project as well as the treating of construction roads with dust control agents, and the wetting of unpaved roads twice daily to minimize dust and control, and by mowing instead of discing to keep the ground undisturbed, and by using mulch covering when possible.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The 2011 EIR proposed a master-planned community that would include private open spaces, multi-purpose public recreation trails, a private park, and up to 364 single-family detached homes. Since single-family homes, golf courses, and community-serving retail uses typically do not emit objectionable odors, and no odor-emitting facilities like wastewater treatment plants or refineries are nearby, the 2011 EIR determined that the Approved Project would not generate or experience significant objectionable odors.
Construction
Construction activities associated with the Proposed Project may generate detectable odors from heavy-duty equipment exhaust and architectural coatings. However, constructionrelated odors would be short-term in nature and cease upon completion of construction. In addition, the Proposed Project would be required to comply with the California Code of Regulations, Title 13, Sections 2449(d)(3) and 2485, which minimizes the idling time of construction equipment either by requiring equipment to be shut off when not in use or by 618
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limiting idling time to no more than five minutes. Compliance with these existing regulations would further reduce the detectable odors from heavy-duty equipment exhaust. The Proposed Project would also be required to comply with the VCAPCD Rule 74.2, which requires that the VOC contents of paints to not exceed 50 grams per liter. Further, any odor impacts to existing adjacent land uses would be short-term and negligible. As such, the Proposed Project would not result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people.
Operation
According to VCAPCD’s Guidelines, land uses associated with odor complaints typically include wastewater treatment plants, landfills, composting, chemical plants, fiberglass operations, food processing facilities, dairies, rendering plants, refineries, and agricultural uses. The Proposed Project involves construction and operation of residential uses and does not include any uses identified by the VCAPCD as being associated with odors. As such, operation of the Proposed Project would not generate odors that would impact nearby receptors. As such, impacts would be less than significant in this regard.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
Conclusion
The Proposed Project would not result in any new or substantially increased effects related to air quality that were not already previously evaluated and disclosed in the 2011 EIR that was prepared for the Approved Project. Mitigation measures from the 2011 EIR relating to air quality continue to apply; however, no new mitigation measures are proposed as a part of the Proposed Project that would result in any new impacts that were not previously evaluated in the 2011 EIR.
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3.3 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
3.3.1 2011 EIR
Special Status Plants
The 2011 EIR described that there were no special-status plants observed within the Approved Project’s grading footprint; however, the 2011 EIR described that several specialstatus plant species had a moderate or high potential to occur. As such, the 2011 EIR specified that if special-status plants are present within the disturbance area, grading or development of the Approved Project would potentially be considered a significant impact prior to implementation of mitigation. Mitigation measure 4.3-1 was required for the Approved Project, required that a focused special-status plant survey be conducted within one year prior to the development of the Project Site for identifying potentially occurring special-status plants and during the typical blooming period of such plants prior to development or grading of the Project Site. If any special-status plant species are discovered on the Project Site during the focused surveys (or during any other on-site assessments), Mitigation measure 4.3-1 requires that a Native Plant Mitigation Plan (NPMP) be developed that identifies methods for preserving special-status plant species at a 1:1 ratio within suitable habitats that would be preserved on the Project Site, or options for propagating those species that would be impacted within suitable habitats located within the proposed open space areas, but outside of fuel management zones, within the Project Site.
Special Status Animals
The 2011 EIR described the Approved Project’s impacts to Coast horned lizard, coastal western whiptail, western spadefoot toad, southwestern pond turtle, two-striped garter snake, Cooper’s hawk, sharp-shinned hawk, white-tailed kite, Lawrence’s goldfinch, Bell’s sage sparrow, and Southern California rufous-crowned sparrow.
The 2011 EIR identified that the loss of active raptor nests as a result of the Approved Project’s construction activities may be in conflict with Migratory Bird Treaty Act and Sections 3503 and 3513 of the California Fish and Game Code if not mitigated. As such, these actions were considered in the 2011 EIR to be a potentially significant impact prior to mitigation. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for southwestern pond turtle and that this species has potential to occur in the Project Site.
Therefore, the 2011 EIR included mitigation measure 4.3-2, which requires that focused surveys for western spadefoot toad, two-striped garter snake, and western pond turtle be conducted in consultation with CDFW and that if any of these species are identified in the Project Site that sensitive species protection plans be prepared and approved by CDFW prior to beginning construction. With implementation of this measure, impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level for this species.
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The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for coastal whiptail, which had been observed in the Project Site. Mitigation measure 4.3-5 was specified requiring preconstruction coastal whiptail surveys, which would reduce impacts related to this species.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for coast horned lizard, which had been observed in the Project Site. Mitigation measure 4.3- 5 was specified requiring preconstruction coast horned lizard surveys, which would reduce impacts related to this species.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for western spadefoot toad, which had been observed in the Project Site. Therefore, the 2011 EIR included mitigation measure 4.3-2, which requires that focused surveys for western spadefoot toad, two-striped garter snake, and western pond turtle be conducted in consultation with CDFW and that if any of these species are identified in the Project Site that sensitive species protection plans be prepared and approved by CDFW prior to beginning construction. With implementation of this measure, impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level for this species.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for two-striped garter snake, which has potential to occur in the Project Site. Therefore, the 2011 EIR included mitigation measure 4.3-2, which requires that focused surveys for western spadefoot toad, two-striped garter snake, and western pond turtle be conducted in consultation with CDFW and that if any of these species are identified in the Project Site that sensitive species protection plans be prepared and approved by CDFW prior to beginning construction. With implementation of this measure, impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level for this species.
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would not result in any anticipated impacts to southwestern willow flycatcher given the species has never been observed on the Project Site or in the vicinity and because the Project Site only had fragmented riparian corridors that could serve as suitable habitat for this species.
Related to least Bell’s vireo, the 2011 EIR disclosed that the Project Site contained areas of suitable habitat for this species, including patches within Tapo Canyon Creek, and that least Bell’s vireo had been observed at other locations in the vicinity of the Project Site. Although the 2011 EIR stated that the habitat in the Project Site was not ideal, the 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in potentially significant impacts prior to implementation of mitigation. Therefore, the 2011 EIR included mitigation measure 4.3-3, which requires that within one year prior to the grading or other proposed disturbances to Tapo Canyon Creek, the applicant shall retain a qualified biologist to conduct least Bell’s vireo surveys, in accordance with USFWS protocols. Mitigation measure 4.3-3 requires that if construction activities occur within the nesting season of the least Bell’s vireo, and if least Bell’s vireo individuals or active nests are observed or detected during protocol surveys, construction activities in the area shall be halted/postponed, and the CDFW and USFWS shall be contacted and informed of the finding immediately. Mitigation measure 4.3-3 also includes minimum requirements for compensatory mitigation of least Bell’s vireo habitat should it be impacted during construction.
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Related to coastal California gnatcatcher, the 2011 EIR disclosed that marginal suitable habitat occurred on the Project Site; however, the 2011 EIR pointed out that the coastal California gnatcatcher had few documented occurrences in the Project Site vicinity. The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to USFWS-designated critical habitat for the coastal California gnatcatcher given that the entire Project Site has this designation. Given the absence of coastal California gnatcatchers in the Project Site as well as due to the limited disturbance that would occur to this species’ suitable habitat, the 2011 EIR determined that the Approved Project would have a less than significant impact related to gnatcatcher with implementation of mitigation. Mitigation measure 4.3-5 was specified requiring preconstruction surveys be conducted for coastal California gnatcatcher. Also, mitigation measure 4.3-5 includes procedures for the Applicant to follow if coastal California gnatcatcher are encountered.
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable nesting and foraging habitat for white-tailed kite, which has moderate to high potential to occur on the Project Site. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Project Site contained suitable habitat for burrowing owl and that this species had been previously recorded in the Project Site and nearby vicinity.
Given the Approved Project’s impacts to suitable habitat for burrowing owl, the 2011 EIR identified that this species would be significantly impacted prior to mitigation. Mitigation measure 4.3-5 was specified requiring preconstruction burrowing owl surveys. Mitigation measure 4.3-5 includes procedures for the Applicant to follow if burrowing owl are encountered.
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for northern harrier, which has been previously observed in the Project Site.
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for yellow warbler, which has been previously observed in the Project Site. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable foraging habitat for grasshopper sparrow, which has been previously observed in the Project Site. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for double-crested cormorant which has been previously observed in the Project Site. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels. 622
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The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for sharp-shinned hawk and Cooper’s hawk, which have been previously observed in the Project Site. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for southern California rufous-crowned sparrow, which has been previously observed in the Project Site. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for Bells’ sage sparrow, which has been previously observed in the Project Site. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for Lawrence’s goldfinch. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Project Site contained suitable habitat for San Diego desert woodrat, and that this species had been previously recorded in the nearby vicinity of the Project Site. As such, the 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would result in a significant impact to this species prior to mitigation. Mitigation measure 4.3-5 was specified requiring preconstruction San Diego desert woodrat surveys be conducted.
Common Wildlife Species
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to common wildlife species through construction and grading activities that would directly and indirectly affect habitat for these species. The 2011 EIR determined that because of the common nature and low number of wildlife species that would be displaced or inadvertently lost as a result of construction activities, construction would not reduce regional populations to below self-sustaining levels or otherwise substantially affect these wildlife species populations. For these reasons, the 2011 EIR found the Approved Project would result in less than significant impacts related to common wildlife species.
Nesting Birds
The 2011 EIR identified that the Approved Project would result in impacts to nesting birds that could violate the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA). Therefore, the 2011 EIR specified mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires that the Applicant retain a qualified biologist to conduct preconstruction nesting bird surveys prior to conducting vegetation removal activities. Also, the mitigation measure 4.3-4 specifies next-steps if active nests are found including nest avoidance procedures.
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Increased Light and Glare
The 2011 EIR disclosed that nighttime lighting prior to implementation of the Approved Project that is associated with adjacent residential areas may already adversely affect the resident wildlife associated with the Project Site to some degree. Implementation of the Approved Project would increase the number of nighttime light sources and the overall amount of lighting. In addition, the 2011 EIR discussed that species that are normally in hiding during the night could become more vulnerable to nighttime predators, thus causing an artificial increase in predation and possible decline in the population levels of certain species. As such, these actions would be considered a potentially significant impact; therefore, measures were specified to mitigate these potential effects. Specifically, the 2011 EIR included mitigation measure 4.3-9, which requires that all lighting along the perimeter of natural areas of the Project Site be downcast luminaries that are shielded and oriented to prevent spillage and glare into the remaining natural open space areas of the Project Site.
Jurisdictional Waters
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to streams and other jurisdictional waters, which would require the issuance of permits from the CDFW, RWQCB, and USACE. The 2011 EIR identified that the Approved Project would result in impacts to approximately 6.37 acres of jurisdictional waters. As required by mitigation measure 4.3-18 through mitigation measure 4.3-27 from the 2011 EIR, the Applicant would obtain permits from CDFW, RWQCB, and USACE and would negotiate compensatory mitigation with the regulatory agencies prior to conducting work in jurisdictional waters.
Wildlife Movement
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to wildlife movement corridors that occur in the ProjectSite. The 2011 EIR discussed that the Approved Project would result in fragmentation of existing corridors, and that the Project would result in edge-effects that would reduce the value of wildlife corridors near the Project Site that are not directly impacted by the Approved Project. To minimize impacts related to wildlife movement, the 2011 EIR required implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-28, which requires that the Applicant design and construct wildlife crossings as a part of the Approved Project. Also, as required by mitigation measure 4.3-29, the Applicant is required to prepare and implement a Wildlife Habitat Management Plan that shall include provisions for biological monitoring.
Protected Trees
The City of Simi Valley, under the Development Code,62 protects all historic trees, any mature native oak trees that has a diameter of 5 inches or more, and all mature trees which are associated with a proposal for urban development that have a diameter of 9.5 inches or more as measures 4.5 feet above the root crown. The 2011 EIR described that there were 683 protected trees inventoried in the Project Site, pursuant to the requirements contained in the City of Simi Valley’s Development Code, including 208 coast live oak trees and 14 valley oaks. The 2011 EIR disclosed that there would be 366 City-protected trees that would need 624
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to be directly impacted and/or removed in the Project Site as a result of the Approved Project. The 2011 EIR found that the remaining 317 City-protected trees in the Project Site would not need to be impacted by the Approved Project. Thus, 46 percent of all trees inventoried for the 2011 EIR would be preserved by the Approved Project. The 2011 EIR found that impacts related to protected trees would be potentially significant; however, with the implementation of mitigation measures and adherence to Simi Valley Municipal Code requirements, that potential impacts related to tree removals would be less than significant.
Specifically, the 2011 EIR required the Applicant to implement mitigation measures 4.3-30 through 4.3-47, which provide specification on replacement tree planting.
Habitat Conservation Plans
As described in the 2011 EIR, the Project Site is located within the City of Simi Valley, Ventura County. Neither the City, nor the County has established any habitat conservation plans or other approved local or state habitat conservation plans within the vicinity of the Project Site.
Sensitive Natural Communities
The 2011 EIR identified that the Approved Project would result in impacts to sensitive plant communities in the Project Site including Southern Riparian Scrub, Southern Willow Scrub, and Coast Live Oak Woodland. The 2011 EIR also disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to coastal sage scrub, which the 2011 EIR stated: “the variations of coastal sage scrub that are located within the proposed development portions of the project site are not considered a sensitive plant community by CDFG; however, this community supports several special-status wildlife species and potentially some special-status plant species.” As required by mitigation measures 4.3-17 and 4.3-19 from the 2011 EIR, the Approved Project would mitigate for impacts to Southern Willow Scrub and Southern Riparian Scrub in accordance with permits issued by CDFW, RWQCB, and USACE As required by mitigation measures 4.3-40, 4.3-42, 4.3-43, and 4.3-47 in the 2011 EIR, the Approved Projects’ impacts to the Coast Live Oak Woodland vegetation community would be mitigated through the implementation of an Oak Woodland Regeneration Plan and through implementation of the City’s Tree Ordinance.
Mitigation Program
• 4.3-1. A focused special-status plant survey, in accordance with appropriate CDFW protocols, shall occur within one year prior to the development of the site for identifying potentially occurring special-status plants and during the typical blooming period of such plants prior to development or grading of the Project Site. If any special-status plant species are discovered on the Project Site during the focused surveys (or during any other on-site assessments), a Native Plant Mitigation Plan (NPMP) shall be developed that identifies methods for preserving special-status plant species at a 1:1 ratio within suitable habitats that would be preserved on the Project Site, or options for propagating those species that would be impacted within suitable 625
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habitats located within the proposed open space areas, but outside of fuel management zones, within the site. If no suitable on-site locations are available, the NPMP shall identify suitable off-site locations for planting (or transplanting) the impacted special-status plants at a 1:1 ratio in coordination with the CDFW, or appropriate in-lieu fees that may be applicable, as determined by the CDFW. The NPMP shall include location, methods and timing of where, how and when the planting of the special-status species will be implemented. The NPMP shall also identify performance standards by which to measure the success of the mitigation and shall include adaptive management procedures to ensure a preservation or replacement, or combination of the two, of a 1:1 ratio. The MMP shall be reviewed and approved by the City prior to the issuance of a grading permit. • 4.3-2. To avoid potential impacts to the western spadefoot toad, two-striped garter snake and the western pond turtle, a qualified biologist with a CDFW Scientific Collection permit and Memorandum of Understanding shall consult with the CDFW on appropriate survey methods to conduct focused surveys for these species during suitable survey conditions. Focused surveys shall occur within one year prior to the development of the Project Site, but may commence sooner. If any of these species are determined to be present within or adjacent to the proposed development areas, the project applicant shall have a qualified biologist prepare a sensitive species protection plan (SSPP), which must be approved by the CDFW prior to the initiation of any ground disturbance or construction activities. The SSPP shall include a relocation protocol and shall identify suitable on-site locations within the preserved open space areas and implement a relocation program to relocate the species to, or within suitable off-site locations to be approved by the CDFW. The SSPP shall include provisions for monitoring the success of released animals. • 4.3-3. Within one year prior to the grading or other proposed disturbances to Tapo Canyon Creek, the project applicant shall retain a qualified biologist(s) to conduct least Bell’s vireo surveys, in accordance with USFWS protocols (USFWS 2001). If construction activities occur within the nesting season of the least Bell’s vireo, and if least Bell’s vireo individuals or active nests are observed or detected during protocol surveys, construction activities in the area shall be halted/postponed, and the CDFW and USFWS shall be contacted and informed of the finding immediately. If surveys result in observation of nesting individuals, construction activities within 500 feet of the nest shall not commence until the nest is vacated and juveniles have fledged and there is no evidence of a second attempt at nesting, as determined by a qualified biologist and confirmed by the CDFW and USFWS. In addition, if an active least Bell’s vireo nest is observed, the applicant shall mitigate for the loss of nesting habitat by either recreating the impacted riparian habitat on the Project Site or securing through purchase and conservation (through direct placement of a conservation easement over lands, or purchase of lands in a program that has already entered a conservation easement) of suitable riparian habitat within known nesting or foraging areas for the species. Such habitat shall contain southern riparian scrub of a similar or better quality as that within which the active nest was found. The creation/purchase of lands for the acreage of nesting habitat determined to be impacted by the proposed project shall be carried out in coordination with the CDFW and USFWS and on a minimum ratio of 1:1 or as determined to be appropriate by the wildlife agencies. 626
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• 4.3-4. To avoid impacts to nesting birds, the applicant shall retain a qualified biologist to conduct nest surveys within suitable nesting habitat within the Project Site prior to grading, construction, or site preparation activities. Specifically, within 30 days of initiation of ground disturbance activities associated with construction or grading, a qualified biologist shall conduct weekly surveys to determine if active nests of bird species protected by the MBTA and/or the California Fish and Game Code are present in the construction zone or within 300 feet (500 for raptors or special-status species) of the construction zone, or within suitable distances as determined by the CDFW.
Because many birds known to occur in the project area (such as Cooper’s hawk and several species of hummingbirds) may nest during the late winter, breeding bird surveys shall be carried out both during the typical nesting/breeding bird season (mid-March through September) and in January through early March. The surveys shall continue on a weekly basis, with the last survey being conducted no more than three days prior to initiation of clearance/construction work. If ground disturbance activities are delayed, then additional pre-construction surveys will be conducted such that no more than three days will have elapsed between the last survey and the commencement of ground disturbance activities. Surveys shall include examination of trees, shrubs, and the ground within grassland for nesting birds, as several bird species known to the area are shrub or ground nesters.
If active nests are found, clearing and construction activities within 300 feet of the nest (500 feet for raptors or special-status species), or within a suitable distance as determined by the CDFW, shall be postponed or halted until the nest is vacated and juveniles have fledged, as determined by the biologist, and there is no evidence of a second attempt at nesting. Limits of construction to avoid an active nest shall be established in the field with flagging, fencing, or other appropriate barriers and construction personnel shall be instructed on the sensitivity of nest areas. The biologist shall serve as a construction monitor during those periods when construction activities will occur near active nest areas to ensure that no inadvertent impacts on these nests will occur. The results of the survey, and any avoidance measures taken, shall be submitted to the City of Simi Valley Planning Division within 30 days of completion of the pre-construction surveys and/or construction monitoring to document compliance with applicable state and federal laws pertaining to the protection of native birds
• 4.3-5. The applicant shall retain a qualified biologist to conduct preconstruction surveys no more than 30 days prior to construction activities on the Project Site within the proposed development areas and 500 feet beyond the grading limits for the presence of those special-status wildlife species with the potential to occur in onsite habitats that will be directly impacted by project activities. The qualified biologist shall possess a CDFW Scientific Collection Permit and obtain a CDFW Authorization prior to the implementation of pre-construction surveys. Surveys shall include an examination of all areas where ground disturbance may occur. For burrowing owl, the surveys shall consist of three site visits and shall be conducted in areas dominated by field crops, disturbed habitat, and grasslands. If a burrowing owl is located, occupied burrows shall not be disturbed during the nesting season (February 1 through August 31) unless a qualified biologist approved by CDFW verifies through 627
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non-invasive methods that either the birds have not begun egg-laying and incubation or that juveniles from the occupied burrows are foraging independently and are capable of independent survival. If a burrowing owl is detected but nesting is not occurring, construction work can proceed after any owls have been evacuated from the site using CDFW -approved burrow closure procedures and after alternative nest sites have been provided in accordance with the CDFW Staff Report on Burrowing Owl Mitigation (10-17-95). Unless otherwise authorized by CDFW, a 500-foot buffer, within which no activity will be permissible, will be maintained between Project activities and nesting burrowing owls during the nesting season.
This protected area will remain in effect until August 31 or at CDFW’s discretion and based upon monitoring evidence, until the young owls are foraging independently.
Results of the surveys and relocation efforts shall be provided to CDFW in a mitigation status report.
If a coastal California gnatcatcher is observed, vegetation removal and clearing for the project shall occur between September 1 and February 15, outside the gnatcatcher breeding season. All clearing of vegetation shall take place in the presence of a biological monitor. Prior to and during the initial cleaning and grubbing of the coastal sage scrub, or other suitable gnatcatcher habitat, between February 15 and August 31, the biological monitor shall locate any individual gnatcatchers on site and direct operators to begin in an area away from the birds. In addition, the biological monitor shall walk ahead of clearing and grubbing equipment to flush birds towards areas of habitat that will be avoided. If nesting gnatcatchers are detected within 100 feet of proposed construction areas, gnatcatcher nest monitoring shall be initiated and use of heavy equipment within 100 feet of active nest shall be postponed until the nest(s) are determined to be inactive. If operation of grading equipment results in nest abandonment, the USFWS will be contacted immediately.
• 4.3-6. Silt fencing shall be properly installed (placed into a trench 6 inches deep and refilled and compacted) at the limits of grading to prevent animals from moving onto the site following the pre-construction surveys. During construction, the fence shall be monitored weekly by a qualified biologist and repairs shall be made immediately following weekly inspections. Silt fencing shall be removed immediately following ground disturbing activities (e.g., vegetation clearing and grading). • 4.3-7. Pets and other domestic animals shall be prohibited from the remaining open space areas and in any revegetation areas on the Project Site unless restrained by leash and accompanied at all times by the owner or responsible party. Fencing of sufficient height and design or landscaping acceptable to the City shall be constructed between the edge of development and the natural areas to prevent domestic animals from entering open space habitat areas, including use of new technology such as electric fences. Human access into the open space areas shall only occur in designated areas such as trails or along the perimeter of the habitats. Prohibitions against human and domestic animal use in sensitive habitat areas shall be established by ordinance and/or CC&Rs. The CC&Rs shall also state that tree houses shall not be constructed within native oak or riparian habitat trees, or any other trees known to be used by raptors for nesting. Interpretative signs shall be constructed and placed in appropriate areas, as determined by a qualified biologist, that explain the sensitivity 628
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of natural habitats and the need to minimize impacts on these adjacent areas. The project applicant shall be responsible for installation of interpretive signs and fencing.
• 4.3-8. Landscape plans within common areas of the project shall be reviewed by a qualified botanist, who shall recommend appropriate provisions to prevent invasive plant species from colonizing remaining natural areas. These provisions may include the following: (a) review and screening of proposed plant palette and planting plans to identify and avoid the use of invasive species; (b) weed removal during the initial planting of landscaped areas; and (c) the monitoring for and removal of weeds and other invasive plant species as part of ongoing landscape maintenance activities. The frequency and method of monitoring for invasive species shall be determined by a qualified botanist. In addition, residents shall be encouraged to plant noninvasive plant species within private yards. A list of plants to avoid shall be developed by a qualified botanist, to include at a minimum and distributed by the homeowners association or included in the CC&Rs.
• 4.3-9. All lighting along the perimeter of natural areas, particularly street lamps, shall be downcast luminaries and shall be shielded and oriented in a manner that will prevent spillage or glare into the remaining natural and open space areas. All security lighting within common areas will be controlled by motion detectors. Acceptable lighting parameters will be included in the Specific Plan Design Guidelines and will allow such features of uplighting of trees in areas not along the perimeter of the natural areas.
• 4.3-10. A City-approved biologist shall be retained by the applicant as a construction monitor to ensure that incidental construction impacts on remaining biological resources are avoided or minimized. Responsibilities of the construction monitor shall include the following:
o Attend all pre-grading meetings to ensure that the timing and location of construction activities do not conflict with mitigation requirements. o Provide environmental training to educate all on-site personnel regarding all environmental permit condition with the contractor and other construction personnel describing the importance of restricting work to within the project boundaries and outside of the preserved areas. The monitor should also discuss staging/storage areas for construction equipment and materials. The biological monitor shall investigate all on-site storage areas to minimize impacts to biological resources.
o Mark/flag the construction area in the field with the contractor in accordance with the final approved grading plan. Any construction activity areas immediately adjacent to special-status plant populations or other specialstatus resources may be flagged or temporarily fenced by the monitor, at his/her discretion.
o Periodically visit the site during construction to coordinate and monitor compliance with the above provisions.
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• 4.3-11. The construction contractor shall install temporary erosion control measures, if necessary, to reduce impacts to and protect on site drainages from excess sedimentation, siltation, and erosion. These measure shall consist of minimization of existing vegetation removal; the use of temporary soil covers, such as hydroseeding, mulch/binder and erosion control blankets to protect exposed soil from wind and rain; and/or the installation of silt fencing, berms, and dikes to protect storm drain inlets and drainages.
• 4.3-12. Vehicles carrying supplies, such as concrete, should not be allowed to empty, clean out, or otherwise place materials into natural areas, or that may drain into natural areas on or immediately adjacent to the site.
• 4.3-13. Any equipment or vehicles driven and/or operated within or adjacent to drainages shall be checked and maintained daily, to prevent leaks of materials that if introduced to water could be deleterious to aquatic life. No equipment maintenance shall be conducted within the drainage channels or within 50 feet of channels. • 4.3-14. Construction personnel shall be prohibited from entry into areas outside the designated construction area, except for necessary construction related activities, such as surveying. All such construction activities in or adjacent to remaining open space areas shall be coordinated with the biologist.
• 4.3-15. Standard dust control measures of the Ventura County Air Pollution Control District shall be implemented to reduce impacts on nearby plants and wildlife. This includes a variety of options to reduce dust including replacing ground cover in disturbed areas as quickly as possible, watering active sites regularly, and suspending all excavating and grading operations during periods of high winds. • 4.3-16. Upon completion of construction, the contractor shall be held responsible to restore any haul roads, access roads, or staging areas that are outside of approved grading limits. This restoration shall be done in consultation with the project biologist.
• 4.3-17. Mitigation for Southern Willow Scrub and Southern Riparian Scrub shall be provided in accordance with USACE and CDFW CDFG permit requirements and in conjunction with the City of Simi Valley and the Ventura County Watershed Protection District, since these plant communities are located along streambed channels regulated by these agencies. Mitigation shall consist of creation, restoration, enhancement, invasive species removal, in lieu fee payment or off-site property purchase, which are further described under the subsection below and mitigation measure 4.3-19.
• 4.3-18. The applicant shall obtain the appropriate permits from the regulatory agencies prior to the commencement of any project-related grading activities within jurisdictional drainages including wetland and non-wetland waters of the U.S. and within streambed as regulated by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife Game. All subsequent activities shall follow the standards and special conditions set forth in the permits. In accordance with the agencies permits and agreements, the following minimum mitigation efforts shall be implemented to offset impacts to jurisdictional waters.
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• 4.3-19. Mitigation for impacts to USACE, CDFW CDFG, and RWQCB jurisdictional areas and to sensitive Southern Willow Scrub and Southern Riparian Scrub nonjurisdictional areas would be by any of the following singly or in combination:
o Creation, restoration, and/or enhancement of sufficient acreage to mitigate for impacts to Corps jurisdictional waters and CDFW CDFG jurisdiction consisting of freshwater marsh (wetlands) southern willow woodland, southern willow scrub, southern riparian scrub, native grassland, and/or coast live oak woodland habitat on site; or
o Removal of non-native plant species such as giant cane (Arundo donax), castor bean (Ricinus communis), and salt cedar (Tamarix ramosissima) within Tapo Canyon Creek, Gillibrand Canyon Creek (Tapo Canyon Tributary E) and Dry Canyon Creek on and/or off site to restore riparian function and value to portions of each drainage or elsewhere in the Arroyo Simi watershed; or o Purchase of an offsite parcel (or parcels of land within the Tapo Canyon Creek Watershed supporting sufficient USACE jurisdiction and CDFW CDFG jurisdiction and placing a conservation easement over the parcel (or parcels); and
o For temporary impacts, restore sufficient acreage of USACE jurisdictional waters and CDFW CDFG jurisdiction resulting from temporary impacts to compensate for the impacts.
• 4.3-20 For any impacts or restoration/mitigation on site the activities shall by supervised by a qualified biologist approved by the Director of Environmental Services for the City of Simi Valley.
• 4.3-21. All impacted on-site stream channels and ponded areas shall be revegetated with native riparian vegetation, as approved by CDFW CDFG and the Director of Environmental Services, in accordance with the provisions agreed upon by the proponent, CDFW CDFG and the City.
• 4.3-22. Mitigation requirements shall be commenced prior or concurrent with the impacts, unless not feasible, and as agreed to by the agencies and the City. • 4.3-23. Native planting shall occur along the banks of both sides of the channel within the existing project boundaries.
• 4.3-24. Monitoring shall be completed by a qualified biologist quarterly for a period of three years and annually for an additional two years. • 4.3-25. Success criteria shall include creating wetland/riparian habitat equal to or greater in area and biological value than the jurisdictional resources impacted. • 4.3-26. The loss of the tributary non-wetland waters of the U.S. and streambeds and the loss of associated riparian habitat shall be offset by the restoration of such habitat along the unlined portions of the major drainages. Plant species native to the area shall be used and restored areas will occur such that riparian functions and values will be enhanced.
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• 4.3-27. The primary goal of channel maintenance is to provide adequate stormwater runoff and bank protection. Such activities must be of a design and frequency that is acceptable and approved by the USACE, CDFW CDFG, RWQCB, and VCWPD. • 4.3-28 The project applicant shall design wildlife overcrossings, undercrossings, and surface crossings to meet minimum standards for cross-section, length, location, fencing and vegetative plantings as shown in the habitat linkage studies prepared by Envicom Corporation. The applicant shall submit a Wildlife Corridor Exhibit for Corridors B, C, E, and F incorporating designs within the grading plan, in compliance with the mitigation measures within the studies to the City for review and approval of the Director of Environmental Services and the Director of Public Works. The applicant shall comply with the formulas and design parameters of the Envicom Reports and Undercrossing Structures of the study entitled A Consideration of Wildlife Movement in the Santa Susana Mountains. Designs in compliance with the described mitigation measures shall be submitted with the submission of the project improvement plans, grading plans, and permits for the project, and approved prior to the issuance of grading permits for the project.
• 4.3-29. The applicant shall prepare and submit a Wildlife Habitat Management Plan for review and approval by the Director of Environmental Services prior to the issuance of a Zone Clearance for the project, including therein provisions for biological monitoring to evaluate corridor functioning and appropriate funding to ensure the sustainability of the corridors, pursuant to the recommendations of pages 54 and 55 of the Envicom Wildlife Study. The Wildlife Habitat Management Plan may incorporate contemporary methodologies and practices that foster wildlife corridor objectives in maintaining open space connectivity.
• 4.3-30 Simi Valley Development Code Section 9-38.010(d)070(D) requires replacement of all mature trees, especially oak trees of the genus Quercus and species agrifolia, berberidifolia, and lobata; but also including historic trees and other protected mature trees, removed or otherwise impacted as a result of a development project. The value of the replacement trees shall be equal to the appraised value of the trees removed.
• 4.3-31. Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the applicant shall obtain the services of a Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect, who is approved by the Director of Environmental Services. The registered professional Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect shall be experienced in the removal and transplant of mature oak and walnut trees in order to prepare specific details regarding methodologies for excavation, planting, boxing, and/or specific relocation sites of mature trees.
• 4.3-32. Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the registered professional Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect shall submit to the City, for approval by the Director of Environmental Services, a Mature Tree Protection, Relocation and Replacement Plan. Specific details regarding minimizing encroachments, tree protection, deadwood removal and pruning, watering and fertilization, diseases and pest, grading within driplines, and considerations regarding care of remaining mature trees shall be provided in the Mature Tree Protection, Relocation and 632
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Replacement Plan. The following mitigation and monitoring measures shall be implemented in addition to and as part of the requirements set forth in the Simi Valley Development Code, and in the Mature Tree Protection, Relocation, and Replacement Plan.
• 4.3-33 Specific monitoring requirements and success criteria shall be developed by the Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect, approved by the Director of Environmental Services, and included in the Mature Tree Protection, Relocation, and Replacement Plan. At a minimum, monitoring criteria shall require 80 percent survival of both saved and transplanted mature trees and 100 percent survival of supplemental plantings, at the conclusion of the monitoring period.
Contingency actions shall include supplemental plantings until 100 percent survival is achieved.
• 4.3-34. The Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist or Landscape Architect shall determine watering and fertilization requirements. All container planted trees shall receive individual irrigation heads to initiate growth of container stock. Irrigation of a design acceptable by the registered professional Arborist, Horticulturalist or Landscape Architect, as approved by the City Landscape Architect, shall be established and maintained for a minimum of three years after supplemental planting is completed, or until such a time that the Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist or Landscape Architect has determined that it is no longer necessary for the survival of the tree. The Mature Tree Protection, Relocation, and Replacement Plan will further detail watering and fertilization requirements.
• 4.3-35. Prior to the issuance of a grading permit for the project, the applicant shall obtain a Tree Removal Permit as required by Simi Valley Development Code Section 9-38.060.
• 4.3-36 All preserved mature trees within the proposed grading limits shall be temporarily fenced with chain-link fencing located 5 feet outside of their driplines prior to commencement of grading activities. No equipment storage, debris drop, parking, etc., shall occur within the fenced area of the preserved oak trees during construction. Fencing shall remain during all phases of construction and shall not be moved or removed without knowledge of the Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect and approved by the Director of Environmental Services. • 4.3-37. Any brush clearance within 5 feet of the dripline of an oak tree shall be completed by handwork only. If this is not feasible, a Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect shall be consulted and shall monitor the brush clearance, as well as any other activity that would occur under within 5 feet of the dripline of the tree.
• 4.3-38. All dead wood removal and/or pruning shall be accomplished by a qualified arborist and only after approval by the City’s Landscape Architect. Pruning wounds shall not be sealed unless required by the City’s Landscape Architect. Climbing “gaffs” shall not be used by any tree climber (except to reach an injured climber or when removing a tree).
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• 4.3-39 The Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect shall directly supervise the boxing, transport and replanting of removed healthy trees. Healthy mature trees that require removal due to project development shall be side-boxed no less than 90 days prior to relocation to the selected on-site location, and bottomboxed no less than 1 week prior to relocation. After boxing has been completed, the boxed trees shall be transported and planted elsewhere on the Project Site, at a location where the on-site soils demonstrate the capacity to support the growth and maintenance of oak trees. Some of the trees to be removed will be transplanted in association with landscape design plans for the development area as approved by the City for this project. The majority of oak and other trees removed shall be transplanted on site, outside the development boundaries, in association with the Mature Tree Protection, Relocation, and Replacement Plan. Should it become evident that any removed mature trees cannot feasibly be relocated on the Project Site, a relocation site(s) shall be sought off site, subject to the approval of the Director of Environmental Services.
• 4.3-40 The applicant shall replace healthy mature trees, which cannot be boxed and transplanted, by the planting of not less than 48-inch box (container) sized trees, which have an aggregate value that is equal to the appraised value of the trees being replaced. The trees shall be grown from local seed stock. Smaller sized container saplings shall be planted in steeper areas that may preclude establishment of larger trees. Additional container stock saplings (15-gallon) shall be planted in the oak woodland mitigation area to mitigate for grading encroachments within the driplines of preserved oak trees. The rate at which these saplings will be transplanted shall be determined by the Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect, with approval by the Director of Environmental Services, in compliance with the Simi Valley Development Code. Specific tree planting locations will be mapped and included in the Mature Tree Protection, Removal, and Replacement Plan. • 4.3- 41. Prior to the grading of the Project Site, the vigor of the preserved-in place trees shall be assessed by the Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect. Any trees in a weakened condition shall be treated as deemed necessary by the arborist, to invigorate them. Following that, during all phases of construction, the health of the trees shall be monitored on a monthly basis for disease signs and symptoms. These problems, should they arise, shall be remedied as recommended by the registered professional Arborist, Horticulturalist or Landscape Architect, and approved by the City’s Landscape Architect.
• 4.3-42. In order to mitigate the impacts to approximately 3 acres of coast live oak woodland on the Project Site, the applicant shall artificially regenerate an oak woodland outside the development boundaries (including fuel management zones) of the Project Site. Specific steps discussing planting, transplanting, monitoring, and success criteria will be developed by the Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist or Landscape Architect and a qualified biologist and approved by the Director of Environmental Services, prior to approval of a grading permit for the project. The applicant shall replace the 3 acres of impacted coast live oak woodland by establishing a replacement coast live oak woodland totaling not less than 3 acres. The replacement woodland shall be established by the planting of not less than 36-inch634 Environmental Checklist
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box (container) sized trees at a ratio of not less than 10 trees per acre. The trees shall be grown from a local coast live oak seed stock. Smaller sized container saplings shall be planted in steeper areas that may preclude establishment of larger trees.
Additional container stock saplings (15-gallon) shall be planted in the oak woodland mitigation area to mitigate for grading encroachments within the dripline of a preserved oak tree. The rate at which these saplings will be transplanted shall be determined by the Certified Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect, with approval by the Director of Environmental Services, in compliance with the Simi Valley Development Code. Specific tree planting locations will be mapped and included in the Mature Tree Protection, Removal, and Replacement Plan. • 4.3-43. Specific monitoring requirements and success criteria shall be developed by the qualified arborist, approved by the Department of Environmental Services, and included in the Oak Woodland Regeneration Plan. However, at a minimum, criteria shall require 80 percent survival of both saved and transplanted mature trees and 100 percent survival of supplemental plantings, at the conclusion of a three-year monitoring period. Contingency actions shall include supplemental plantings until 80 percent survival of both saved and transplanted mature trees and 100 percent survival of supplemental plantings is achieved. Monitoring efforts will include evaluation of health and survival of both planted and transplanted trees. At a minimum, monitoring efforts will be conducted quarterly for the first three years. • 4.3-44. Subject to the approval by the Director Environmental Services, additional oak tree plantings/transplants may occur in areas of disturbed coastal live oak woodland, consistent with existing plant community associations.
• 4.3-45. Specific details regarding methodologies for excavation, planting, boxing, and/or specific relocation sites of mature trees shall be included in the Mature Tree Protection, Removal and Replacement Plan, prior to grading activities, based on feasibility and procedures set forth by the registered professional Arborist, Horticulturalist or Landscape Architect.
• 4.3-46. Non-native shrubs and trees shall be removed from the revegetation areas and remaining coast live oak habitat on site.
• 4.3-47. Transplanted and container stock trees shall be planted on center at staggered distances in order to avoid extensive areas of closed canopy and to maintain areas of natural open savannah similar to existing conditions. Specific details of planting locations shall be outlined in the Oak Woodland Regeneration Plan and the Mature Tree Protection, Removal and Replacement Plan. Where it is recommended by the registered professional Arborist, Horticulturalist, or Landscape Architect, and approved by the City’s Landscape Architect, that irrigation will be required, said irrigation shall be designed specifically for oak tree needs. Understory revegetation shall only be incorporated where it does not interfere with oak tree establishment and irrigation.
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3.3.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS
Environmental Issues
New
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Impact
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Impacts
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to
Substantially
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Analysis
BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES – Would the project:
a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Game or US Fish and Wildlife Service?
c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means?
d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites?
e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance?
f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan?
Would the Project:
a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The Proposed Project would result in fewer overall impacts to vegetation communities. The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in direct impacts to a total of 790.72 acres of land. The Proposed Project would impact a total of 305.22 acres of land, which is a reduction in impacts of 485.50 acres (Chambers Group, 2024a). By substantially reducing the acreage of impacts, the Proposed Project would also reduce impacts related to special status species. Additional information is provided below related to specific species with potential to occur in the Project Site and nearby vicinity.
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Special Status Plants
Protocol-level focused plant surveys were conducted in 2018, 2020, 2022, 2023, and 2024 within the Project Site. Of the 18 special status plant species that were identified with a potential for occurrence within the Project Site, as identified in the Approved Project’s Native Plant Protection Plan (NPMP, GLA 2015), only Catalina mariposa lily (Calochortus catalinae) and slender mariposa lily (Calochortus clavatus var. gracilis) were recorded within the impact footprint of the Proposed Project. Impacts to these species will be mitigated through protection within the conserved lands of the Project Site in accordance with the terms of the Native Plant Protection Plan. Three additional California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) 4 special status species, Hubby’s phacelia (Phacelia hubbyi), San Diego viguiera (Bahiopsis laciniata), and Plummer’s mariposa lily (Calochortus plummerae), were discovered during various surveying efforts from 2018 through 2023. As proposed, the Proposed Project would not result in impacts to areas containing Hubby’s phacelia and San Diego viguiera. However, Plummer’s mariposa lily was observed in 2024 within the impact footprint for the Proposed Project, which is a CRPR 4 species for which special protection is not afforded pursuant to CEQA. The other 14 species identified in the Native Plant Protection Plan were not observed during the surveys. These species are therefore presumed absent from the impact footprint for the Proposed Project. As such, the Proposed Project would result in no new or increased impacts related to special status plants. As required by the 2011 EIR, the Proposed Project would be required to implement the NPMP, which identifies methods for preserving specialstatus plant species at a 1:1 ratio within suitable habitats that would be preserved on the Project Site, or options for propagating those species that would be impacted within suitable habitats located within the proposed open space areas, but outside of fuel management zones, within the Project Site.
Special Status Animals
Coastal California Gnatcatcher
Although no coastal California gnatcatchers were observed during focused surveys conducted for the 2011 EIR, the 2011 EIR concluded that there was potential for this species to occur and applicable mitigation measures were included to avoid and offset impacts to gnatcatchers.
After certification of the 2011 EIR, in 2013, 2014, and 2016, coastal California gnatcatchers were observed during focused surveys within the southern portion of the Project Site in areas that are proposed to be conserved by the Proposed Project (Chambers Group, 2024a).
None of the coastal California gnatcatcher territories or observations in 2013, 2014, and 2016 overlapped with areas of the Project Site that would be impacted by the Proposed Project (Chambers Group, 2024a).
In 2017, the USFWS issued a Biological Opinion for the Approved Project evaluated in the 2011 EIR, which included take coverage for the coastal California gnatcatcher. The 2017 Biological Opinion assumed impacts to 302.93 acres of suitable habitat and impacts to a total of up to 43 individual coastal California gnatcatchers consisting of five family groups, five pairs, and eight individuals, that would be impacted by the Approved Project (Chambers Group, 2024a).
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As discussed in the Impact Analysis Memorandum, the Proposed Project would result in a 297.60-acre reduction of impacts to coastal sage scrub vegetation communities, which equates to a 71.5% reduction of impacts when compared to the Approved Project. Many of the coastal sage scrub communities that would be avoided comprise suitable habitat for coastal California gnatcatcher (Glenn Lukos Associates, 2025). The 2024 focused surveys for coastal California gnatcatcher did not identify any new individuals or territories. Focused surveys will be conducted again prior to construction of the Proposed Project to comply with mitigation measure 4.3-5.
In summary, the Proposed Project would result in approximately 123.46 acres of impacts to suitable coastal California gnatcatcher habitat, which is approximately 179.47 acres less of impacts to suitable habitat for coastal California gnatcatcher than was originally authorized by the USFWS in a Biological Opinion (BO) that was issued for the Approved Project in 2017 (Glenn Lukos Associates, 2025).
Given the reduction in impacts to suitable habitat for coastal California gnatcatcher, the Proposed Project would result in reduced impacts when compared to the Approved Project.
As required by the 2011 EIR, the Proposed Project would be required to implement mitigation measure 4.3-5, which requires that preconstruction surveys be conducted for coastal California gnatcatcher and that USFWS and CDFW be consulted if coastal California gnatcatchers are encountered to determine next steps.
Least Bell’s Vireo
As disclosed in the 2011 EIR. the Project Site contains areas of suitable habitat for least Bell’s vireo, including patches within Tapo Canyon Creek. The 2011 EIR stated that least Bell’s vireo had been observed at other locations in the vicinity of the Project Site, but not within the Project Site itself. The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would have significant impacts related to least Bell’s vireo, including the direct removal of habitat, which would be mitigated through conservation of habitat for this species. Protocol-level surveys for least Bell’s vireo and other special status riparian birds were conducted in the Project Site in 2018, 2020, 2022, 2023, and 2024. According to the Project’s Biological Resources Memorandum, there is no suitable habitat present in the impact footprint for the Proposed Project for least Bell’s vireo or other special status riparian bird species. As such, the Proposed Project would have reduced impacts related to least Bell’s vireo when compared to the Approved Project.
As required in the 2011 EIR, the Proposed Project would be required to implement mitigation measure 4.3-3, which requires that within one year prior to the grading or other proposed disturbances to Tapo Canyon Creek, the applicant shall retain a qualified biologist to conduct least Bell’s vireo surveys, in accordance with USFWS protocols in areas of suitable habitat. Also, as required by mitigation measure 4.3-3, if construction activities are going to occur within the nesting season of the least Bell’s vireo, and if least Bell’s vireo individuals or active nests are observed or detected during protocol surveys, construction activities in the area shall be halted/postponed, and the CDFW and USFWS shall be contacted and informed of the finding immediately. The Proposed Project would also implement mitigation measure 4.3-3 also includes minimum requirements for compensatory mitigation of least 638
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Bell’s vireo habitat should it be impacted during construction. The Proposed Project would no longer include any impacts to Tapo Canyon Creek. As such, mitigation measure 4.3-3 is no longer applicable to the Proposed Project.
Pursuant to Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, a Biological Opinion was previously issued for the Approved Project, which allows for one pair and one individual least Bell’s vireo. Given the above, the Approved Project would not result in any increased impacts or new mitigation related to least Bell’s vireo.
Southwestern Willow Flycatcher
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would not result in any anticipated impacts to southwestern willow flycatcher given the species has never been observed on the Project Site or in the vicinity. Protocol-level surveys for southwestern willow flycatcher, were conducted in the Project Site in 2018, 2020, 2022, 2023, and 2024. According to the Project’s Biological Resources Memorandum, there is no suitable habitat present in the impact footprint for the Proposed Project for southwestern willow flycatcher. As such, the Proposed Project would have no impacts to southwestern willow flycatcher, which is consistent with the Approved Project.
Western Burrowing Owl
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Project Site contained suitable habitat for western burrowing owl and that this species had been previously recorded in the Project Site and nearby vicinity. Given the Approved Project’s impacts to suitable habitat for burrowing owl, the 2011 EIR identified that this species would be significantly impacted prior to mitigation.
In 2014, the California Fish and Game Commission published their decision to make western burrowing owl a candidate for listing on the California Endangered Species Act. As such, the western burrowing owl now receives the same legal protection afforded to an endangered or threatened species.
As discussed in the Burrowing Owl Report, three burrowing owl surveys were conducted on January 6 – 7, January 19 – 20, and February 5 - 6, 2026, each spanning a two-day duration.
No burrowing owls have been observed. Additionally, it is noted that pre-construction surveys conducted in October and November 2024 detected no burrowing owls or diagnostic sign thereof within or adjacent to the Project Site.
As required by mitigation measure 4.3-5, the Applicant will be required to conduct a preconstruction burrowing owl survey no more than three days prior to start of grading and major earthwork activities and to implement avoidance measures if burrowing owl are determined to be present during such surveys. Should burrowing owls be present, the protected area (500-foot buffer between Project activities and nesting burrowing owls during nesting season) will remain in effect until August 31 or at CDFW’s discretion and based upon monitoring evidence, unless the young owls are foraging independently. Results of the surveys and relocation efforts shall be provided to CDFW in a mitigation status report.
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for northern harrier, which has been previously observed in the Project Site. 639
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The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for yellow warbler, which has been previously observed in the Project Site. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels.
White-Tailed Kite
The 2011 EIR described that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable nesting and foraging habitat for white-tailed kite, which has moderate to high potential to occur on the Project Site. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.3-4, which requires nesting bird surveys be conducted in certain situations and that nesting birds be avoided, impacts related to this species would be reduced to less than significant levels. The Proposed Project would result in fewer overall impacts to habitat for white-tailed kite than would the Approved Project. The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in direct impacts to a total of 790.72 acres of land. The Proposed Project would impact a total of 305.22 acres of land, which is a reduction in impacts of 485.50 acres (Chambers Group, 2024a). By substantially reducing the acreage of impacts, the Proposed Project would also reduce impacts to white-tailed kite when compared to the Approved Project Western Spadefoot Toad
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for western spadefoot toad, which had been observed in the Project Site. Therefore, the 2011 EIR included mitigation measure 4.3-2, which requires that focused surveys for western spadefoot toad, two-striped garter snake, and western pond turtle be conducted in consultation with CDFW and that if any of these species are identified in the Project Site that sensitive species protection plans be prepared and approved by CDFW prior to beginning construction. With implementation of this measure, impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level for this species. A habitat assessment was conducted in 2019 and 2023 for western spadefoot toad. The Applicant prepared a Western Spadefoot Toad Protection Plan for the Approved Project, in which a mitigation program would be implemented if the Approved Project were to (1) directly impact a western spadefoot toad occupied seasonal depression or lands within 250 feet of the occupied depression, and/or (2) directly impact lands occupied by western spadefoot toad adults. No western spadefoot toads were found within the impact footprint for the Proposed Project during the 2019 or 2023 surveys. The quality of the habitat within these proposed impact areas of the Project Site were determined not to be suitable for the western spadefoot toad. As discussed in the Proposed Project’s Biological Resources Technical Memorandum, bio-filters proposed to be impacted by the Proposed Project were determined to not contain suitable habitat for western spadefoot toad. Given the above, the Approved Project would not result in any increased impacts or new mitigation related to western spadefoot toad.
Two-Striped Garter Snake
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for two-striped garter snake, which has potential to occur in the Project Site. Therefore, the 640
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2011 EIR included mitigation measure 4.3-2, which requires that focused surveys for western spadefoot toad, two-striped garter snake, and western pond turtle be conducted in consultation with CDFW and that if any of these species are identified in the Project Site that sensitive species protection plans be prepared and approved by CDFW prior to beginning construction. With implementation of this measure, the 2011 EIR Determined that impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level for this species. As discussed in the Proposed Project’s Biological Resources Technical Memorandum, there is no suitable habitat for twostriped garter snake present within the impact footprint for the Proposed Project. Given the above, the Approved Project would not result in any increased impacts or new mitigation related to two-striped garter snake.
Western Pond Turtle
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for southwestern pond turtle and that this species has potential to occur in the Project Site.
Therefore, the 2011 EIR included mitigation measure 4.3-2, which requires that focused surveys for western spadefoot toad, two-striped garter snake, and western pond turtle be conducted in consultation with CDFW and that if any of these species are identified in the Project Site that sensitive species protection plans be prepared and approved by CDFW prior to beginning construction. With implementation of this measure, the 2011 EIR determined that impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level for this species. The Proposed Project’s Biological Resources Technical Memorandum determined that there is no suitable habitat for western pond turtle present within the impact footprint for the Proposed Project.
Given the above, the Approved Project would not result in any increased impacts or new mitigation related to western pond turtle.
Coastal Whiptail
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for coastal whiptail, which had been observed in the Project Site. Mitigation measure 4.3-5 was specified requiring preconstruction coastal whiptail surveys, which would reduce impacts related to this species. The Proposed Project would result in fewer overall impacts to habitat for coastal whiptail than would the Approved Project. The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in direct impacts to a total of 790.72 acres of land. The Proposed Project would impact a total of 305.22 acres of land, which is a reduction in impacts of 485.50 acres (Chambers Group, 2024a). By substantially reducing the acreage of impacts, the Proposed Project would also reduce impacts to white-tailed kite when compared to the Approved Project
Coast Horned Lizard
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to suitable habitat for coast horned lizard, which had been observed in the Project Site. Mitigation measure
4.3-5 was specified requiring preconstruction coast horned lizard surveys, which would reduce impacts related to this species. The Proposed Project would result in fewer overall impacts to habitat for coast horned lizard than would the Approved Project. The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in direct impacts to a total of 790.72 acres of land. The Proposed Project would impact a total of 305.22 acres of land, which is a 641
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reduction in impacts of 485.50 acres (Chambers Group, 2024a). By substantially reducing the acreage of impacts, the Proposed Project would also reduce impacts to coast horned lizard when compared to the Approved Project.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, and regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The Proposed Project would result in a
78.4% reduction in impacts to riparian habitat (Glenn Lukos Associates, 2025).
Similarly, the Proposed Project would result in reduced impacts to sensitive natural communities in the Project Site, which includeSouthern Willow Scrub, Mulefat Scrub, Willow Riparian, Western Sycamore Woodland, and Coast Live Oak Woodland (Glenn Lukos Associates, 2025). For example, the Proposed Project would result in an 86.2% reduction in impacts to Coast Live Oak Woodland areas of the Project Site (Glenn Lukos Associates, 2025).
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in impacts to streams and other jurisdictional waters, which would require the issuance of permits from the CDFW, RWQCB, and USACE. The 2011 EIR identified that the Approved Project would result in impacts to approximately 6.37 acres of jurisdictional waters. As required by mitigation measures 4.3-18 through 4.3-27 from the 2011 EIR, the Applicant would obtain permits from CDFW, RWQCB, and USACE and would negotiate compensatory mitigation with the regulatory agencies prior to conducting work in jurisdictional waters.
Based on the revised design for the Proposed Project, impacts to USACE jurisdictional waters have been reduced to 0.52-acre of permanent impacts. As required by the Section 404 permit that was issued by USACE for the Proposed Project, the Applicant would be required to implement on-site compensatory mitigation totaling 15.44 acres associated with USACE jurisdictional waters in the Project Site, as follows:
• 5.63 acres establishment of southern mixed willow riparian forest, mulefat scrub, coastal sage scrub, coyote brush scrub, and coast live oak woodland; 642
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• 6.85 acres re-establishment of southern mixed willow riparian forest, mulefat scrub, and coastal sage scrub; and
• 2.96 acres of enhancement/invasive species removal of southern mixed willow riparian forest (1.48 ac credit received at 0.5:1 ratio).
Conservation easements have been recorded over the mitigation sites.
Impacts to CDFW streambed have been reduced to 3.77 acres of impacts. Similar to the mitigation approach for USACE jurisdictional waters, the Proposed Project would mitigate for 3.77 acres of impacts to CDFW streambed by implementing 15.44 acres of mitigation associated with CDFW streambed in the Project Site as follows:
• 5.63 acres establishment of southern mixed willow riparian forest, mulefat scrub, coastal sage scrub, coyote brush scrub, and coast live oak woodland; • 6.85 acres re-establishment of southern mixed willow riparian forest, mulefat scrub, and coastal sage scrub; and
• 2.96 acres of enhancement/invasive species removal of southern mixed willow riparian forest (1.48 ac credit received at 0.5:1 ratio).
Conservation easements have been recorded over the mitigation sites.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in direct impacts to a total of 790.72 acres of land. The Proposed Project would impact a total of 305.22 acres of land, which is a reduction in impacts of 485.50 acres (Chambers Group, 2024a). By substantially reducing the acreage of impacts, entirely within the same overall footprint as the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would also reduce impacts related to wildlife movement when compared to the Approved Project.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The 2011 EIR described that there were 683 protected trees inventoried in the Project Site, pursuant to the requirements contained in the City of Simi Valley’s Development Code. The 2011 EIR disclosed that there would be 366 City-protected trees that would need to be directly impacted and/or removed in the Project Site as a result of the Approved Project. The Proposed Project would require the 643
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removal of ## protected trees, which is a reduction in impacts of ## trees when compared to the 683 protected trees that were assumed to be removed as a part of the Approved Project.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The Proposed Project does not occur within the boundaries of a Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan. As such, the Proposed Project would result in no impact related to this threshold.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
Conclusion
The Proposed Project would not result in any new or substantially increased effects related to biological resources that were not already previously evaluated and disclosed in the 2011 EIR that was prepared for the Approved Project. Mitigation measures from the 2011 EIR relating to biological resources continue to apply; however, no new mitigation measures are proposed as a part of the Proposed Project that would result in any new impacts that were not previously evaluated in the 2011 EIR.
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3.4 CULTURAL RESOURCES
3.4.1 2011 EIR
The 2011 EIR identified that there were seven archaeological sites and nine isolated occurrences of prehistoric artifacts within the Project Site. As part of the development of the 2011 EIR, Phase I and Phase II investigations of the seven archaeological sites in the Project Site were conducted, which determined that these sites were not significant and that no additional studies of these sites were warranted. The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project had a potential to result in the discovery of unknown archaeological resources in the Project Site. Mitigation measures 4.4.-1 through 4.4-5 were required for the Approved Project to mitigate impacts related to archaeological resources to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR found that there were no known cemeteries or burial grounds on the Project Site, but that the Project Site has a history of use by Native Americans. Therefore, the 2011 EIR determined that there was potential for the discovery of human remains, including unmarked burial grounds. Because the potential exists for human remains to be unearthed during the Proposed Project’s grading activities, mitigation measure 4.4-6 was required for the Approved Project to mitigate impacts related to human remains.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that Patterson Ranch, which is a designated Ventura County Historical Landmark No. 71, is located in the Project Site adjacent to Bennett Road. As discussed in the 2011 EIR, there is a current historic resources management plan for the Whiteface Specific Plan that the Approved Project would be required to comply with.
Structures associated with Patterson Ranch would be impacted by the Approved Project; therefore, mitigation measure 4.4-7 was required for the Approved Project which required that the Approved Project would modify its grading activities to exclude the Patterson Ranch Historical Landmark. Mitigation measure 4.4-7 required that grading activities shall not occur within 50 feet from the boundary of the Ventura County Historical Landmark No. 71 (Patterson Ranch) boundary.
Mitigation Program
• 4.4-1. Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the project applicant shall retain a City-approved archaeologist to develop an archaeological mitigation and monitoring plan and a discovery clause/treatment plan. Both plans shall be reviewed and approved by the City Planning Division. The discovery clause/treatment plan shall include recovery and subsequent treatment of any archaeological or historical remains and associated data uncovered by brushing, grubbing, or excavation. The treatment plan shall provide procedures for the curation of any detected cultural specimens. Any recovered cultural resources shall be identified, sites recorded, mapped, and artifacts catalogued as required by standard professional archaeological practices. Examination by an archaeological specialist shall be included where necessary, dependent upon the artifacts, features, or sites that are encountered.
Specialists will identify, date, and/or determine significance potential. A copy of the 645
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executed agreement for monitoring the rough grading by the archaeologist and a Chumash monitor shall be submitted prior to issuance of the grading permit. • 4.4-2. Prior to grading operations, a City-approved archaeologist shall be retained to make an assessment of the grading area to determine if full-time monitoring is needed. If the City-approved archaeologist is not needed full-time during grading activities, they shall be retained on-call during grading operations. If during earthmoving activities archaeological cultural deposits are discovered, all earthmoving activities shall be diverted temporarily in the immediate area (not less than 50 feet from the discovery site) around the deposits until the deposits have been evaluated, recorded, excavated, and/or recovered by a City-approved archaeologist, as necessary, and in accordance with the City-approved recovery plan. Earthmoving shall be allowed to proceed through the area after the archaeologist determines the artifacts are recovered and/or site mitigated to the extent necessary. • 4.4-3. If a previously unknown cultural site is encountered during monitoring and it is determined by the archaeologist that a significance determination is required, the site shall be evaluated and recorded in accordance with requirements of the State Office of Historic Preservation (i.e., DPR 523 form). In this case, if the site is not determined to be significant, no measure subsequent to recording the site on appropriate forms is required. If any of the sites are determined to be significant, the City-approved archaeologist shall collect an adequate amount of artifacts at the specific archaeological site. The archaeologist shall determine the amount of artifacts needed to be collected.
• 4.4-4. Any recovered archaeological resources should be identified, sites recorded, mapped, and artifacts catalogued as required by standard archaeological practices.
Examination by an archaeological specialist should be included where necessary, dependent upon the artifacts, features, or sites that are encountered. Specialists will identify, date, and/or determine significance potential. • 4.4-5. A final report of findings will be prepared by the City-approved archaeologist for submission to the City, project applicant, and the South Central Coastal Information Center at California State University, Fullerton. The report will describe the history of the project area, summarize field and laboratory methods used, if applicable, and include any testing or special analysis information conducted to support the resultant findings.
• 4.4-6. If human remains are encountered during excavations associated with this project, all work shall halt, and the Ventura County Coroner shall be notified (Section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code). The coroner will determine whether the remains are of forensic interest. If the coroner, with the aid of the City-approved archaeologist, determines that the remains are prehistoric, he/she will contact the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC). The NAHC will be responsible for designating the most likely descendant (MLD), who will be responsible for the ultimate disposition of the remains, as required by Section 7050.5 of the California Health and Safety Code. The MLD will make his/her recommendations within 24 hours of being notified by the NAHC. This recommendation may include scientific 646
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removal and nondestructive analysis of human remains and items associated with Native American burials (Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code). • 4.4-7. Prior to approval of Tentative Tract Maps, the project grading disturbance line shall be modified to exclude the Patterson Ranch Historical Landmark. Grading activities shall not occur within 50 feet from the boundary of the Ventura County Historical Landmark No. 71 (Patterson Ranch) boundary.
• 4.4-8. Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the project applicant shall retain a Cityapproved paleontologist to prepare a paleontological mitigation plan for the project.
The mitigation plan shall include recovery and subsequent treatment of any paleontological resources and associated data uncovered by brushing, grubbing, or excavation. The treatment plan shall provide procedures for the curation of any detected paleontological resources. Any recovered paleontological resources shall be identified, sites recorded, mapped, and catalogued as required by standard professional paleontological practices. Examination by a qualified paleontologist shall be included where necessary, dependent upon the artifacts, features, or sites that are encountered. A qualified paleontologist will identify, date, and/or determine significance potential.
• 4.4-9. If during earthmoving activities paleontological deposits are discovered, all earthmoving activities shall be diverted temporarily in the immediate area (not less than 100 feet from the discovery site) around the deposits until the deposits have been evaluated, recorded, excavated, and/or recovered by a qualified paleontologist.
Earthmoving shall be allowed to proceed through the area after the paleontologist determines the artifacts are recovered and/or site mitigated to the extent necessary.
The qualified paleontologist will prepare a final monitoring and mitigation report to be filed with the client, the lead agency, and the repository. • 4.4-10. Should the paleontological resource be determined to be significant by the paleontologist, the fossil discovery locality and field data forms will be used to record pertinent geologic data, stratigraphic sections will be measured, and appropriate sediment samples will be collected and submitted for analysis. Matrix sampling will be conducted to test for the presence of microfossils. Testing for microfossils shall consist of screen-washing small samples (approximately 200 pounds) to determine if significant fossils are present. If microfossils are present, additional matrix samples will be collected (up to 6,000 pounds per locality to ensure recovery of a scientifically significant microfossil sample).
• 4.4-11. Recovered fossils will be prepared to the point of curation, identified by a qualified paleontologist, listed in a database to facilitate analysis, and reposited in a designated paleontological curation facility, such as the Los Angeles County Museum. 647
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3.4.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS
Environmental Issues
New
Significant
Impact
More
Severe
Impacts
New Ability
to
Substantially
Reduce
Significant
Impact
No
Substantial
Change
From
Previous
Analysis
CULTURAL RESOURCES – Would the project:
a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to Section 15064.5? b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to Section 15064.5? c) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries?
The responses in this section are partially based on a Cultural and Paleontological Resources Technical Memorandum that was prepared for the Proposed Project by Chambers Group in September 2024 (Chabers Group 2024c).
Would the Project:
a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to Section 15064.5? and
b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to Section 15064.5? and
c) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The updated record search and archival research results that were conducted for the Proposed Project did not substantively change the overall context, or the documented cultural sensitivity that was previously addressed in the 2011 EIR.
The Proposed Project would result in fewer overall impacts when compared to the Approved Project. The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in direct impacts to a total of 790.72 acres of land. The Proposed Project would impact a total of 305.22 acres of land, which is a reduction in impacts of 485.50 acres (Chambers Group, 2024a). By substantially reducing the acreage of impacts, the Proposed Project would also reduce the potential for impacts to occur related to historical and archaeological resources, as well as related to human remains.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
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Conclusion
The Proposed Project would not result in any new or substantially increased effects related to cultural resources that were not already previously evaluated and disclosed in the 2011 EIR that was prepared for the Approved Project. Mitigation measures from the 2011 EIR relating to cultural resources continue to apply; however, no new mitigation measures are proposed as a part of the Proposed Project that would result in any new impacts that were not previously evaluated in the 2011 EIR.
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3.5 ENERGY
3.5.1 2011 EIR
Although the topic of energy was not part of the Appendix G of the State CEQA Guidelines at the time that the 2011 EIR was prepared, the topic of energy usage was evaluated in the 2011 EIR as a part of the air quality analyses contained in Section 4.2 of the 2011 EIR, which disclosed that the Approved project would result in demand for electricity, natural gas, gasoline, and other energy sources during construction and operation Mitigation Program
The 2011 EIR did not include mitigation measures directly related to energy.
3.5.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS
Environmental Issues
New
Significant
Impact
More
Severe
Impacts
New Ability
to
Substantially
Reduce
Significant
Impact
No
Substantial
Change
From
Previous
Analysis
ENERGY – Would the project:
a) Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation?
b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency?
The responses in this section are based on an Energy Technical Memorandum that was prepared for the Proposed Project by Michael Baker International in January 2025 (Michael Baker International 2025b).
Would the Project:
a) Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The 2011 EIR did not evaluate impacts pertaining to energy as it was not required at the time the 2011 EIR was prepared.
The impact analysis contained in the Energy Technical Memorandum prepared for the Proposed Project focuses on the three sources of energy that are relevant to the Proposed Project: electricity, natural gas, and transportation fuel for vehicle trips associated with project operations as well as the fuel necessary for project construction. The California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod) version 2022.1 was utilized in the development of 650
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the Energy Technical Memorandum to calculate the Proposed Project’s construction and operational energy consumption.
As shown in Energy Technical Memorandum, during operation, the Proposed Project would constitute an approximate 0.0415 percent increase over County’s typical annual electricity consumption and an approximate 0.0924 percent increase over the County’s typical annual natural gas consumption; and vehicle fuel consumption would increase Ventura County’s consumption by 0.2579 percent. During Phase 1 of construction of the Proposed Project, offroad construction equipment diesel fuel consumption and on-road construction fuel consumption would increase Ventura County’s consumption by 2.1068 percent and 0.0153 percent, respectively. During construction of the Proposed Project, off-road construction equipment diesel fuel consumption and on-road construction fuel consumption would increase Ventura County’s consumption by 2.4614 percent and 0.0340 percent, respectively.
Construction Energy Consumption
The Energy Technical Memorandum found that the Proposed Project would result in energy consumption in two general forms: (1) the fuel energy consumed by construction vehicles and equipment; and (2) bound energy in construction materials, such as asphalt, steel, concrete, pipes, and manufactured or processed materials such as lumber and glass. Fossil fuels for construction vehicles and other energy-consuming equipment would be used during demolition, grading, building construction, paving, and architectural coating. During construction of the Proposed Project, off-road fuel consumption and on-road fuel consumption would be approximately 111,911 gallons and 93,147 gallons, respectively.
Consequently, the Proposed Project’s off-road construction equipment diesel fuel consumption and on-road construction fuel consumption during Phase 2 would increase Ventura County’s consumption by 2.4614 percent and 0.0340 percent, respectively. As such, the Proposed Project’s construction would have a minimal effect on the local and regional energy supplies and would not require additional capacity. Some incidental energy conservation would occur during construction through compliance with State requirements that equipment not be in use for more than five minutes be turned off (i.e., Title 13, California Code of Regulations Section 2485). The Proposed Project’s construction equipment would also be required to comply with the latest U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and CARB engine emissions standards. These emissions standards require highly efficient combustion systems that maximize fuel efficiency and reduce unnecessary fuel consumption.
In addition, because the cost of fuel and transportation is a significant aspect of construction budgets, contractors and owners have a strong financial incentive to avoid wasteful, inefficient, and unnecessary consumption of energy during construction.
Substantial reductions in energy inputs for construction materials can be achieved by selecting building materials composed of recycled materials that require substantially less energy to produce than nonrecycled materials. The integration of green building materials can help reduce environmental impacts associated with the extraction, transport, processing, fabrication, installation, reuse, recycling, and disposal of these building industry source material. The Proposed Project’s incremental increase in the use of energy bound in construction materials such as asphalt, steel, concrete, pipes and manufactured or processed materials (e.g., lumber and gas) would not substantially increase demand for energy 651
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compared to overall local and regional demand for construction materials. Further, it is noted that construction fuel use is temporary and would cease upon completion of construction activities. There are no unusual project characteristics that would necessitate the use of construction equipment, or building materials, or methods that would be less energy efficient than at comparable construction sites in the region or State. Therefore, the Energy Technical Memorandum determined that the Proposed Project’s fuel energy and construction materials consumed during construction would not represent a significant demand on energy resources and a less than significant impact would occur in this regard.
Operational Energy Consumption
Transportation Energy Demand
Pursuant to the Federal Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975, the National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration is responsible for establishing additional vehicle standards and for revising existing standards. Compliance with federal fuel economy standards is not determined for each individual vehicle model. Rather, compliance is determined based on each manufacturer’s average fuel economy for the portion of their vehicles produced for sale in the United States. As indicated in the Energy Technical Memorandum prepared for the Proposed Project, operational fuel consumption for the Proposed Project is estimated to be approximately 658,862 gallons per year, which would increase Countywide automotive fuel consumption by 0.2579 percent. The Proposed Project does not propose any unusual features that would result in excessive long-term operational fuel consumption. The key drivers of transportation-related fuel consumption for the Proposed Project are passenger vehicles traveling to and from the Project Site. Additionally, light- and medium-duty trucks trips also account for a portion of the transportation-related fuel consumption used for street cleaning and trash collection that would be required for the Proposed Project. To reduce these potential impacts, the Proposed Project would provide electric vehicle (EV) charging facility in compliance with the Title 24 standards and would include short- and long-term bicycle parking spaces. This requirement would encourage and support alternative modes of travel and would thus reduce fuel consumption. Therefore, fuel consumption associated with vehicle trips generated by the project would not be considered inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary in comparison to other similar developments in the region. The Energy Technical Memorandum determined that the Proposed Project would result in a less than significant impact related to transportation energy demand and no mitigation is required.
Building Energy Demand
The CEC developed 2024 to 2040 forecasts for energy consumption and peak demand in support of the 2023 IEPR for each of the major electricity and natural gas planning areas and the State based on the economic and demographic growth projections. CEC forecasted baseline electricity consumption grows at a rate of about 1.7 percent annually through 2040 according to the Energy Technical Memorandum. The natural gas consumption grows at a rate of about 0.2 percent annually through 2035.1 As shown in the Energy Technical Memorandum for the Proposed Project, operational energy (electricity and natural gas) consumption for the Proposed Project would represent approximately 0.0415 and 0.0924 652
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percent increase over the current Countywide electricity and natural gas consumption, which would be significantly below CEC’s forecasts. Therefore, the Proposed Project would be consistent with the CEC’s energy consumption forecasts and would not require additional energy capacity or supplies. Additionally, the Proposed Project would consume energy during the same time periods as other surrounding developments and would consume energy evenly throughout the day. As a result, the Proposed Project would not result in unique or more intensive peak or base period electricity demand. The Proposed Project would be required to comply with the most current Title 24, which provide minimum efficiency standards related to various building features, including appliances, water and space heating and cooling equipment, building insulation and roofing, and lighting.
Implementation of the most current Title 24 standards significantly reduces energy usage.
Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards are updated every 3-year and become more stringent between each update, as such complying with the most current Title 24 standards would make the Proposed Project more energy efficient than existing buildings built under the earlier versions of the Title 24 standards. Additionally, while the project would not install renewable energy systems for on-site energy generation, the installation solar-ready roofs would allow for the future addition of on-site energy production. The electricity provider for the City, SCE, is subject to California’s Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) reflected in SB 100. The RPS requires investor-owned utilities, electric service providers, and community choice aggregators to increase procurement from eligible renewable energy resources to 44 percent by the end of 2024, 52 percent by the end of 2027, 60 percent of total procurement by 2030, and 100 percent of total procurement by 2045. Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished within a human timescale such as sunlight, wind, tides, waves, and geothermal heat. The increase in reliance of such energy resources further ensures that new development projects will not result in the waste of the finite energy resources. In summary, the Energy Technical Memorandum determined that the Proposed Project would result in a less than significant impact related to building energy demand and no mitigation is required.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The City does not have a plan adopted specifically for renewable energy or energy efficiency. As such, the analyses contained in the Proposed Project’s Energy Technical Memorandum focused on the Proposed Project’s consistency with applicable objectives, policies, and measures within the City’s General Plan as well as the City’s CAP.
The Energy Technical Memorandum determined that the Proposed Project would comply with all applicable goals and policies identified in the City’s General Plan and CAP. The Energy Technical Memorandum determined that operational energy consumption for the Proposed Project would be substantially below CEC’s forecasts in the 2023 IEPR (i.e., 653
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Statewide annual average growth rates of energy demand would be 1.7 percent for electricity and 0.2 percent for natural gas). Therefore, the Proposed Project was determined to be consistent with the CEC’s 2023 IEPR. Further, the Proposed Project was determined in the Energy Technical Memorandum would be required to comply with the most current Title 24 (2022 Title 24), which provide minimum efficiency standards related to various building features, including appliances, water and space heating and cooling equipment, building insulation and roofing, and lighting. The Proposed Project would also comply with the CALGreen standards which requires that new buildings increase building system efficiencies (e.g., lighting, HVAC, and plumbing fixtures) and would incorporate electric vehicles charging infrastructure. Implementation of the most current Title 24 standards would significantly reduce energy usage for the Proposed Project. Additionally, per the RPS, the Proposed Project would utilize electricity that would achieve 60 percent of total procurement by 2030, and 100 percent renewable energy by 2045. As such, the Proposed Project would comply with State energy plans including the 2023 IEPR, the most current Title 24 as well as CalGreen standards.
As shown in the Energy Technical Memorandum, the Proposed Project would comply with all applicable City’s goals and policies for reducing energy usage and implementing energy efficiency. Therefore, the Proposed Project would not conflict with or obstruct a State or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency and impacts would be less than significant.
To further reduce impacts, the Proposed Project would implement mitigation measure 4.2- 5 from the 2011 EIR, which requires incorporation of measures outlined in the BuildItGreen GreenPoint Checklist to an extent sufficient to score an overall Green Building rating for new residential structures proposed in this project. In conclusion, energy impacts resulting from the Proposed Project would be less than significant. The Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts compared to impacts that were disclosed in the 2011 EIR.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
Conclusion
The Proposed Project would not result in any new or substantially increased effects related to energy that were not already previously evaluated and disclosed in the 2011 EIR that was prepared for the Approved Project. Mitigation measures from the 2011 EIR relating to energy continue to apply; however, no new mitigation measures are proposed as a part of the Proposed Project that would result in any new impacts that were not previously evaluated in the 2011 EIR.
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3.6 GEOLOGY AND SOILS
3.6.1 2011 EIR
The 2011 EIR analyzed potential impacts associated with the geological and soils conditions on the Project Site. Geotechnical evaluations of the Project Site were prepared as a part of the development of the 2011 EIR, which determined that the geotechnical characteristics vary greatly across the Project Site.
The 2011 EIR found that seismic activity is common across California, and that the Approved Project would result in less than significant impacts related to rupture of a known earthquake fault and strong seismic ground shaking with implementation of mitigation measures 4.5-1 and 4.5-2. Site investigations conducted for the 2011 EIR determined that the Simi-Santa Rosa fault is outside the limits of proposed development for the Proposed Project and there are no other known faults in the Project Site. Related to the proposed water tank, the 2011 EIR determined that the site where the water tank was proposed was neither underlain, nor immediately adjacent to active faults as defined by the State of California. The 2011 EIR disclosed that the nearest known active fault to the proposed water tank would be the SSRF, which is also a Alquist-Priolo Zone, located 1.5 miles south of the project boundary.
Mitigation measure 4.5-1 requires that prior to the approval of tract maps an earthquake engineering evaluation shall be performed to determine if ground motions within the Project Site would be amplified to an extent where greater than CBC and City code design values are required. A report documenting this evaluation shall be submitted to the City that contains appropriate design recommendations. Mitigation measure 4.5-2 requires that prior to approval of tentative tract maps, a detailed geotechnical investigation shall be performed by a state-certified geologist for the proposed water tank development and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. The investigation shall provide sufficient subsurface exploration to adequately characterize the site conditions. The investigation shall also address the various geotechnical aspects, including assessments for secondary earthquake effects of the proposed water tank development.
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would result in significant impacts related to seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction, which would put buildings built in the Project Site at higher risk of damage than buildings built on sites that are not susceptible to liquefaction. The 2011 EIR included mitigation measures 4.5-3 and 4.5-4 to reduce impacts related to this threshold to a less than significant level.
Mitigation measure 4.5-3 requires that prior to the approval of grading permits, a report documenting an evaluation of liquefaction zones shall be prepared for the Approved Project that shall contain appropriate liquefaction design recommendations for the proposed residential development. As required by mitigation measure 4.5-3, the known liquefaction zones in the impact footprint for the Approved Project shall be evaluated prior to the approval of grading permits to determine if groundwater is present and if soil/alluvial conditions are conducive to liquefaction and lateral spreading considering the potential earthquake ground shaking conditions for the site. Mitigation measure 4.5-3 requires that a report documenting this evaluation be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for 655
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review and approval and that the analysis contain appropriate liquefaction design recommendations (if needed) for the proposed residential development.
Mitigation measure 4.5-4 requires that prior to issuance of final grading permits, areas within the impact footprint of the Approved Project that have been determined by the State to have liquefaction and/or dynamic settlement potential, shall be appropriately remediated.
Remediation may include the removal and replacement of liquefiable soils with compacted, drained fills, ground modification, and the design for potential settlement of liquefiable materials by a licensed civil engineer.
With implementation of mitigation measures 4.5-3 and 4.5-4, impacts related to ground failure would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR disclosed that the Project Site contains a mix of steep topography and loose soils that are prone to landslides. The 2011 EIR found that following construction and occupancy of the buildings proposed by the Approved Project, structures and occupants of the Approved Project would be at a higher risk for damage and injury, respectively, if small or large landslides were to be triggered either by earthquakes or by other factors such a heavy rainfall or underground water sources.
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would result in potentially significant impacts related to landslides requiring mitigation. Mitigation measure 4.5-5 was included for the Approved Project requiring that prior to the issuance of grading permits, the soils that have failed or are known to fail in the Project Site, and the resultant voids, shall be replaced with compacted fill and/or construction of buttress fills. All materials to be removed from the Project Site shall be overseen by a City-qualified engineer, free of deleterious materials (such as alluvium, colluvium, and uncompacted artificial fill), properly moisture conditioned, and certified by the City-qualified Engineer to be reused as compacted fill. 4.5-6 Prior to issuance of grading permits, proposed development near overlying natural slopes, boulder roll, and debris flow shall be reviewed and assessed by a City-qualified engineer. Development shall be proposed on the already disturbed areas and shall follow the requirements set forth in the Simi Valley Development Code Hillside Performance Standards. Where mass wasting could impact proposed improvements, procedures to enhance stability or eliminate potential impacts will be necessary on a site specific basis. 4.5-7 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, areas identified by the state as historical and/or potential landslide zones shall be reviewed by a licensed engineer or geologist and approved by the City Engineer to identify potential debris flow. Measures to stabilize landslides shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval; such measures may include the design and construction of debris basins, containment walls, or debris fencing.
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would result in temporary and permanent impacts related to soil erosion. Temporary erosion impacts would result from clearing, grubbing, and grading that would occur in the Project Site. As discussed in the 2011 EIR, the Approved Project would be required to comply with applicable laws requiring the development and implementation of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), which would minimize short-term erosion impacts. During operation of the Approved Project, the 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in increased 656
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impervious surface coverage in the Project Site, which would have the potential to increase erosion when compared to no project conditions. The 2011 EIR found that development of the proposed water tank would result in a potentially significant impact related to erosion.
To reduce potential impacts related to erosion that could result from the proposed water tank, the 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project’s potentially significant impacts would be reduced through implementation of mitigation measure 4.5-8, which requires that prior to the issuance of grading permits for the water tank pad, the Applicant shall prepare and submit to the City Engineer for review and approval, an analysis of the volume of oversize rock and rock rippability that has been prepared for the Approved Project by a qualified geologist. With implementation of mitigation measure 4.5-8, impacts related to soil erosion would be reduced to less than significant levels.
The 2011 EIR found that the Approved Project would result in potentially significant impacts related to soil instability, including lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, and collapse prior to the implementation of mitigation. The Project Site contains a variety of soil types, some of which are prone to landslides, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, and collapse. Mitigation measures 4.5-9 through 4.5-19 were specified for the Approved Project in the 2011 EIR to reduce impacts related to this topic to less than significant levels.
As required by mitigation measure 4.5-9, prior to issuance of grading permits, mitigation plans for unstable slopes shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. Per mitigation measure 4.5-9, mitigation may include overexcavation and replacement with either drained stabilization fills or buttress fills. Stabilization fills should be utilized when cut slopes expose loose soils or faulted and fractured bedrock.
As required by mitigation measure 4.5-10, prior to the issuance or grading permits, a plan for structural setbacks, removal and replacement, or fill buttressing of landslides shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. As required by mitigation measure 4.5-10, the support of adverse bedding can be achieved by construction of drained buttress fills, the elimination of adverse bedding by slope layback, or containment of the hazard by catchment devices.
The 2011 EIR required that the Approved Project implement mitigation measure 4.5-11, which requires that prior to the issuance of grading permits; a plan for the removal of low density surficial soils from fill areas shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval.
The 2011 EIR required that the Approved Project implement mitigation measure 4.5-12, which requires that prior to the issuance of grading permits plans for manufactured slopes shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review approval. Generally, fill slopes must be designed at a 2:1 (horizontal to vertical) or flatter ratio.
As required by mitigation measure, 4.5-13, prior to the issuance of grading permits for the Proposed Project, where landslides, adverse bedding, faulted or fractured bedrock, or other similar conditions exist on natural slopes superjacent to the planned tank pad and access road, plans for the potential hazard shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. As specified in mitigation measure 4.5-13, based on the grading design, 657
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natural slope gradients, and underlying geologic conditions, mitigation techniques will likely be limited to removal and replacement of landslide debris.
As required by mitigation measure, 4.5-14, prior to issuance of grading permits, an evaluation of the interrelationships of the various combinations of slope configuration, geologic structure, and material strength characteristics will be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval to assess each specific slope condition. Replacing withdrawn fluids with other fluids could mitigate potential for subsidence.
As required by mitigation measure, 4.5-15, prior to issuance of grading permits, site-specific geotechnical investigations to assess the potential for liquefaction under strong earthquake conditions, under the terms of the State of California Seismic Hazard Mapping Act, on all development within the state-designated liquefaction hazard zones shall be performed and the results, along with any proposed design features, submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval.
As required by mitigation measure, 4.5-16, prior to the issuance of grading permits, a qualified geologist shall develop site-specific analysis of the soils that contain landslide material, adverse bedding, faulted or fractured bedrock, or other similar conditions that exist on natural slopes in proximity to planned development, which shall be reviewed and approved by the City Engineer.
The 2011 EIR determined that the potential risks to life and property related to expansive units for the Approved Project would be potentially significant prior to the implementation of mitigation. Mitigation measure 4.5-17 was required for the Approved Project, which requires that prior to issuance of grading permits, plans for the areas of shallow groundwater and in cut areas, shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval and shall include the installation of subdrains, backdrains, and slope toe drains.
As required by mitigation measure 4.5-18, prior to the issuance of grading permits, plans for those areas in the Project Site that have been designated to have highly expansive soils shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. Measures to control expansive soils shall include overexcavation of the expansive soils/bedrock and replacement with less expansive fill soils; proper design of foundations, slabs, streets and other improvements subject to the influence of these soils; selective grading techniques to place more highly expansive soils well below foundation elements; employment of pre-saturation techniques to lessen expansion potential; and control of surface and subsurface drainages to prevent moisture variations.
As required by mitigation measure 4.5-19, at the completion of grading, specific testing for expansion potential shall be performed by a qualified geologist on the as-graded nearsurface materials and shall identify the findings in a report which would be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval
In summary, with implementation of mitigation measure 4.5-9 through mitigation measure
4.5-19 from the 2011 EIR, potentially significant impacts related to soil instability, including potential landslides, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, and collapse would be reduced to less than significant levels.
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In summary, the 2011 found that the Approved Project’s impacts related to geological hazards would be less than significant with the implementation of the City of Simi Valley ordinances, such as the Hillside Performance Standards (HPS), the measures contained in the California Building Code (CBC), and mitigation measure 4.5-1 through mitigation measure4.5-19.
As described above, the 2011 EIR includes analysis of the Approved Project’s proposed water tank that would be located just north of the existing water tank within the Project Site. A geotechnical investigation was conducted in the general vicinity of the proposed tank site as a part of the development of the 2011 EIR, which included the excavation and logging of numerous test pits and borings. In addition to the geotechnical investigations, geologic data was obtained during the grading of the existing water tank pad. The 2011 EIR determined that impacts related to the proposed water tank would be less than significant with implementation of the CBC and proposed mitigation measure 4.5-1 through mitigation measure 4.5-19.
Mitigation Program
• 4.5-1. In addition to all structures being designed in accordance with the California Building Code (CBC) and applicable City codes to ensure safety in the event of an earthquake, prior to the approval of tract maps an earthquake engineering evaluation shall be performed using PGA-based assessments to determine if ground motions within the Project Site would be amplified to an extent where greater than CBC and City code design values are required. A report documenting this evaluation shall contain appropriate design recommendations and shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval prior to issuance of a grading permit.
This shall include the potential for seiche- or ground failure-induced flooding from the water tank located within the Project Site.
• 4.5-2. Prior to approval of tentative tract maps, a detailed geotechnical investigation should be performed by a state-certified geologist for the proposed water tank development and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. The investigation should provide sufficient subsurface exploration to adequately characterize the site conditions. The investigation should address the various geotechnical aspects, including PGA-based assessments for secondary earthquake effects, of the proposed water tank development and should provide recommendations and mitigation measures as necessary.
• 4.5-3. Prior to the approval of grading permits, a report documenting an evaluation of liquefaction zones shall be prepared and contain appropriate liquefaction design recommendations for the proposed residential development. Identified liquefaction zones (Figure 4.5-5) of the proposed residential development shall be evaluated prior to the approval of grading permits to determine if groundwater is present and if soil/alluvial conditions are conducive to liquefaction and lateral spreading considering the potential earthquake ground shaking conditions for the site. A report documenting this evaluation shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. The analysis shall contain appropriate liquefaction design recommendations (if needed) for the proposed residential development. 659
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• 4.5-4. Prior to issuance of final grading permits, areas within the proposed development determined by the State to have liquefaction and/or dynamic settlement potential, shall include the removal and replacement of liquefiable soils with compacted, drained fills, ground modification, and design for potential settlement of liquefiable materials by a licensed civil engineer would be required during the design and construction process to adhere to state policy regarding liquefaction.7 Proof of review shall be submitted to the City Engineer. • 4.5-5. Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the soils that have failed or are known to fail, and the resultant voids, shall be replaced with compacted fill and/or construction of buttress fills. All materials to be removed from the Project Site shall be overseen by a City-qualified engineer, free of deleterious materials (such as alluvium, colluvium, and uncompacted artificial fill), properly moisture conditioned, and certified by the City-qualified Engineer to be reused as compacted fill. • 4.5-6. Prior to issuance of grading permits, proposed development near overlying natural slopes, boulder roll, and debris flow shall be reviewed and assessed by a Cityqualified engineer. Development shall be proposed on the already disturbed areas and shall follow the requirements set forth in the Simi Valley Development Code Hillside Performance Standards. Where mass wasting could impact proposed improvements, procedures to enhance stability or eliminate potential impacts will be necessary on a site specific basis.
• 4.5-7. Prior to the issuance of grading permits, areas identified by the state as historical and/or potential landslide zones shall be reviewed by a licensed engineer or geologist and approved by the City Engineer to identify potential debris flow.
Measures to stabilize landslides shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval; such measures may include the design and construction of debris basins, containment walls, or debris fencing.
• 4.5-8. Prior to the issuance of grading permits for the water tank pad, the developer shall prepare and submit to the City Engineer for review and approval, an analysis of the volume of oversize rock and rock rippability by a qualified geologist. Bedrock units are likely to produce oversize (>12 inches) material during excavation; these oversized materials will require special handling during grading to ensure that oversize materials are not placed at or near pad grades. Typically, deep fills can be used to accommodate oversize rocks, and placement of oversize rock using controlled disposal procedures is an accepted and effective technique. • 4.5-9. Prior to issuance of grading permits, mitigation plans for unstable slopes shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. Mitigation may include overexcavation and replacement with either drained stabilization fills or buttress fills. Stabilization fills should be utilized when cut slopes expose loose soils or faulted and fractured bedrock. Where grading limits are not constrained, cut slope instability can be mitigated by constructing slopes at flatter angles than the underlying geologic structure.
• 4.5-10. Prior to the issuance or grading permits, a plan for structural setbacks, removal and replacement, or fill buttressing of landslides shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. The support of adverse 660
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bedding can be achieved by construction of drained buttress fills, the elimination of adverse bedding by slope layback, or containment of the hazard by catchment devices. Correction of local surficial instabilities including debris flow and rockfall will be required and could include establishment of structural setbacks, construction of catchment devices, or physical elimination of the hazard by removal or containment.
• 4.5-11. Prior to the issuance of grading permits; a plan for the removal of low density surficial soils (such as alluvium, colluvium, and landslide materials) from fill areas shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. This will, include the identified low-density surficial soils, such as alluvium, colluvium, nonengineered fill and unsuitable landslide materials, prior to fill placement and where exposed at grade in cut areas. As the project design becomes more specific, further evaluation of the limits, depths, and engineering characteristics of lowdensity, unsuitable soils should be conducted, as required by the City Engineer, by a City-qualified engineer and specific removal criteria should be established. Generally, removed materials may be reused as compacted fill when free of deleterious materials and properly moisture conditioned.
• 4.5-12. Prior to the issuance of grading permits plans for manufactured slopes shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review approval. Fill slopes should be designed at a 2:1 (horizontal to vertical) or flatter ratio. Locally steeper fill slopes can be considered but should be constructed with geosynthetics to enhance the shear strength of fill materials. Higher compaction standards (typically 93 percent of the laboratory maximum density) should be implemented in deeper fills (greater than 50 feet) to enhance engineering characteristics and reduce the amount of potential settlement. Subsurface drainage devices should be installed below fills to intercept and direct water that may seep from the bedrock or be introduced from the surface. • 4.5-13. Prior to the issuance of grading permits, where landslides, adverse bedding, faulted or fractured bedrock, or other similar conditions exist on natural slopes superjacent to the planned tank pad and access road, plans for the potential hazard shall be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. Based on the grading design, natural slope gradients, and underlying geologic conditions, mitigation techniques will likely be limited to removal and replacement of landslide debris. Correction of local surficial instabilities including soil slip/creep may be required and could include establishment of structural setbacks, construction of catchment devices, or physical elimination of the hazard by removal or containment. • 4.5-14. Prior to issuance of grading permits, an evaluation of the interrelationships of the various combinations of slope configuration, geologic structure, and material strength characteristics will be prepared and submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval to assess each specific slope condition. Replacing withdrawn fluids with other fluids could mitigate potential for subsidence. • 4.5-15. Prior to issuance of grading permits, site-specific geotechnical investigations to assess the potential for liquefaction under strong earthquake conditions, under the terms of the State of California Seismic Hazard Mapping Act, on all development within the state-designated liquefaction hazard zones shall be performed and the 661
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results, along with any proposed design features, submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval.
• 4.5-16. Prior to the issuance of grading permits, a qualified geologist shall develop site-specific analysis of the soils that contain landslide material, adverse bedding, faulted or fractured bedrock, or other similar conditions that exist on natural slopes in proximity to planned development, which shall be reviewed and approved by the City Engineer.
• 4.5-17. Prior to issuance of grading permits, plans for the areas of shallow groundwater and in cut areas, shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval and shall include the installation of subdrains, backdrains, and slope toe drains. In canyon bottoms, beneath design fills, subdrains are typically placed after the removal of unsuitable soils. All such drains should be designed to outlet into approved drainage devices. Control of surface waters is typically accomplished by storm water facilities and proper design and maintenance of surface drainage patterns.
• 4.5-18. Prior to the issuance of grading permits, plans for those areas that have been designated to have highly expansive soils shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval. Measures to control expansive soils include overexcavation of the expansive soils/bedrock and replacement with less expansive fill soils; proper design of foundations, slabs, streets and other improvements subject to the influence of these soils; selective grading techniques to place more highly expansive soils well below foundation elements; employment of pre-saturation techniques to lessen expansion potential; and control of surface and subsurface drainages to prevent moisture variations.
• 4.5-19. At the completion of grading, specific testing for expansion potential shall be performed by a qualified geologist on the as-graded near surface materials and shall identify the findings in a report which would be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval.
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3.6.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS
Environmental Issues
New
Significant
Impact
More
Severe
Impacts
New Ability
to
Substantially
Reduce
Significant
Impact
No
Substantial
Change
From
Previous
Analysis
GEOLOGY AND SOILS – Would the project:
a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving:
i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map
issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42.
ii) Strong seismic ground shaking?
iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? iv) Landslides?
b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse?
d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property?
e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water?
f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature?
Would the Project:
a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving:
i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? ii) Strong seismic ground shaking?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. Based on a review of updated mapping of faults provided by the USGS, only the Simi-Santa Rosa fault zone occurs in the vicinity of the Project Site, which is the same as was disclosed in the 2011 EIR (USGS 2025a). 663
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The Proposed Project would not result in impacts to any new areas of the Project Site that would increase impacts related to the rupture of a known earthquake fault or related to strong seismic ground shaking. The Proposed Project would move the proposed residential units from areas that are south of Lost Canyons Drive, closer to the fault zone, to areas north of Lost Canyons Drive that are further from the fault zone.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. As identified in the 2011 EIR, the 2025 Seismic Hazard Zone Mapping maintained by the California Geological Survey shows that much of the Project Site, including the impact footprint for the Proposed Project, are located within liquefaction zones, which are areas where liquefaction may occur during a strong earthquake (CGS 2025a). The Proposed Project would implement mitigation measures 4.5- 9 through 4.5-19 from the 2011 EIR, which would reduce potentially significant impacts related to seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction, to less than significant levels. The Proposed Project would occur within the same impact footprint as was approved for the Approved Project; therefore, the Proposed Project would not expand impacts into any new areas that are prone to landslides that were not previously evaluated.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
iv) Landslides?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. As identified in the 2011 EIR, the 2025 Seismic Hazard Zone Mapping maintained by the California Geological Survey shows that much of the Project Site is susceptible to landslides; however, the portion of the Project Site that would be developed by the Proposed Project contains much fewer landslide susceptible areas as there are south of Lost Canyons Drive. The Proposed Project would implement mitigation measures 4.5-9 through 4.5-19 from the 2011 EIR, which would reduce potentially significant impacts related to seismic-related ground failure, including landslides, to less than significant levels. The Proposed Project would occur within the same impact footprint as was approved for the Approved Project; therefore, the Proposed Project would not expand impacts into any new areas that are prone to landslides that were not previously evaluated.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. As with the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would result in temporary and permanent impacts related to soil erosion.
Temporary erosion impacts would result from clearing, grubbing, and grading that would occur in the Project Site. The Proposed Project would be required to comply with applicable 664
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laws requiring the development and implementation of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), which would minimize short-term erosion impacts. Given that the Proposed Project would result in less ground disturbance than would the Approved Project, soil erosion would be less for the Proposed Project than for the Approved Project.
During operation of the Proposed Project, the Proposed Project would result in increased impervious surface coverage in the Project Site when compared to existing conditions, which would have the potential to increase erosion when compared to no project conditions.
However, the Proposed Project would result in the addition of less impervious surface than would the Approved Project, given the overall reduction in impacts that would occur with the Proposed Project when compared to the Approved Project. Also, as with the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would be required to implement operational best management practices related to water quality that would reduce these impacts.
The Proposed Project would not change the impacts related to the proposed water tank in the Project Site, and mitigation measure 4.5-8 would still be applicable to the Proposed Project.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the Project and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. As with the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would result in potentially significant impacts related to soil instability, including lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, and collapse prior to the implementation of mitigation. As disclosed in the 2011 EIR, the Project Site contains a variety of soil types, some of which are prone to landslides, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, and collapse. Mitigation measure 4.5-9 through mitigation measure 4.5-19 that were specified for the Approved Project in the 2011 EIR to reduce impacts would also apply to the Proposed Project. The Proposed Project would occur within the same impact footprint as was approved for the Approved Project; therefore, the Proposed Project would not expand impacts into any new areas that are geologically unstable that were not previously evaluated.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
d) h) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property? No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. As with the Approved Project, the Proposed Project would result in potentially significant impacts related to soil instability, including lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, and collapse prior to the implementation of mitigation. As disclosed in the 2011 EIR, the Project Site contains a variety of soil types, some of which are prone to landslides, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, and collapse. Mitigation measure 4.5-9 through mitigation measure 4.5-19 that 665
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were specified for the Approved Project in the 2011 EIR to reduce impacts would also apply to the Proposed Project. The Proposed Project would occur within the same impact footprint as was approved for the Approved Project; therefore, the Proposed Project would not expand impacts into any new areas that are geologically unstable that were not previously evaluated.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. The Proposed Project does not propose any new septic tanks or other wastewater disposal systems.
According to the 2011 EIR, the golf course clubhouse and the residence at the bunkhouse had septic systems for their sewer discharge. However, according to the DTSC’s EnviroStor mapper, it appears that these septic tanks have since been removed (DTSC 2025a).
Therefore, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis. A paleontological assessment was prepared for the Approved Project, which determined that at least 18 vertebrate fossil localities yielding more than 2,400 individual vertebrate specimens have been documented within the Project Site and in its immediate vicinity. The 2011 EIR determined that mitigation measures were required related to paleontological resources given the paleontological sensitivity in the Project Site. Mitigation measure 4.4.-8 through mitigation measure 4.4-11 were required for the Approved Project to mitigate impacts related to archaeological resources to less than significant levels. The Proposed Project would occur within the same impact footprint as was approved for the Approved Project; therefore, the Proposed Project would not expand impacts into any new areas that are paleontologically sensitive that were not previously evaluated.
In conclusion, the Proposed Project would not result in any new significant impacts related to this threshold.
Conclusion
The Proposed Project would not result in any new or substantially increased effects related to geology and soils that were not already previously evaluated and disclosed in the 2011 EIR that was prepared for the Approved Project. Mitigation measures from the 2011 EIR relating to geology and soils continue to apply; however, no new mitigation measures are proposed as a part of the Proposed Project that would result in any new impacts that were not previously evaluated in the 2011 EIR.
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3.7 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
3.7.1 2011 EIR
Although the topic of greenhouse gas emissions was not part of the Appendix G of the State CEQA Guidelines at the time the 2011 EIR was prepared, the issue of GHG emissions and climate change impacts is not new information that was not known or could not have been known at the time of the certification of the 2011 EIR.
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was established in 1992. The regulation of GHG emissions to reduce climate change impacts was extensively debated and analyzed throughout the early 1990s. The studies and analyses of this issue resulted in the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997. Many EIRs from 2006 and earlier described how climate change (often called global warming) would result in sea-level rise and other environmental changes. At the time of approval of the 2011 EIR, the contribution of GHG emissions to climate change was a prominent issue of concern. Therefore, the fact that GHG emissions could have a significant adverse environmental impact was known at the time the General Plan was approved and the 2011 EIR was certified.
Greenhouse gas emissions was not evaluated as a standalone topic in the 2011 EIR given that it was not part of the Appendix G of the State CEQA Guidelines at the time that the 2011 EIR was prepared. However, the topic of greenhouse gas emissions for the Approved Project was evaluated in the 2011 EIR as a part of the air quality analyses contained in Section 4.2 of the 2011 EIR.
Overall related to greenhouse gas emissions, the 2011 EIR disclosed that the Approved Project would result in operational greenhouse gas emissions from automobiles and other sources such as utilities The 2011 EIR also quantified the anticipated greenhouse gas emissions for construction of the Approved Project. The 2011 EIR determined that the Approved Project would result in less than significant impacts related to greenhouse gas emissions with implementation of mitigation measure 4.2-5, which requires that measures from the BuildItGreen GreenPoint Checklist be incorporated into the Approved Project’s design.
Mitigation Program
The 2011 EIR did not include mitigation measures directly related to greenhouse gas emissions.
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3.7.2 PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS
Environmental Issues
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Analysis
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS – Would the project:
a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment?
b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases?
The responses in this section are based on a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Technical Memorandum that was prepared for the Proposed Project by Michael Baker International in January 2025 (Michael Baker International 2025c).
Would the Project:
a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment?
b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases?
No Substantial Change from Previous Analysis.
Project-Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The Proposed Project would not result in the addition of any new land uses compared to what was previously analyzed in the 2011 EIR.
Project-related GHG emissions would include emissions from direct and indirect sources.
Direct project-related GHG emissions would include emissions from construction activities, area sources, mobile sources, and refrigerants, while indirect sources would include emissions from energy consumption, water demand, and solid waste generation. The CalEEMod model was used as a part of the development of the Proposed Project’s Air Quality Technical Memorandum to calculate project-related GHG emissions that would result from the Proposed Project (Michael Baker International 2025a). The Proposed Project would be subject to mitigation measure 4.2-5 from the 2011 EIR, which aims to achieve a Green Building rating for new residential structures.
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Direct Project-Related Source of Greenhouse Gases
Construction Emissions
As discussed in the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, the Proposed Project would result in a total of 3,557 MTCO2e of emissions during construction. Construction GHG emissions were amortized over 30 years (i.e., total construction emissions divided by the lifetime of the project, assumed to be 30 years). The amortization takes into consideration the temporary nature of construction activities. As shown in the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, construction of the Proposed Project was modeled and is estimated to generate approximately 118.57 MTCO2e of emissions per year when amortized over 30 years. Given the smaller footprint, the Proposed Project would result in less grading and would thereby result in less construction greenhouse gas emissions than would the Approved Project.
Mobile Source Emissions
According to the Transportation Technical Memorandum, the Proposed Project would result in 3,483 daily trips per day (Michael Baker International 2025c). As a result, the Proposed Project would result in a total of 4,000 MTCO2e per year of GHG emissions from mobile source (Michael Baker International 2025a). Given the same number of residential units would be developed, the Proposed Project would result in similar mobile source emissions as would the Approved Project.
Area Source Emissions
Area source emissions would be generated due to an increased demand for consumer products, architectural coating, and landscaping associated with the development of the Proposed Project. As shown in the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, the Proposed Project would result in a total of 4.53 MTCO2e per year of GHG emissions from area source. Given the same number of residential units would be developed, the Proposed Project would result in similar source emissions as would the Approved Project.
Refrigerants
Refrigerants are substances used in equipment for air conditioning and refrigeration. Most of the refrigerants used today are HFCs or blends thereof, which can have high global warming potential values. All equipment that uses refrigerants has a charge size (i.e., quantity of refrigerant the equipment contains), and an operational refrigerant leak rate, and each refrigerant has a global warming potential that is specific to that refrigerant. CalEEMod quantifies refrigerant emissions from leaks during regular operation and routine servicing over the equipment lifetime, and then derives average annual emissions from the lifetime estimate. As noted in the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, the Approved Project would result in 0.85 MTCO2e per year of GHG emissions from refrigerants. Given the same number of residential units would be developed, the Proposed Project would result in similar emissions of refrigerants as would the Approved Project. 669
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Indirect Project-Related Source of Greenhouse Gases
Energy Consumption
Energy consumption emissions were calculated for the Proposed Project using the CalEEMod model and project-specific land use data as a part of the development of the Air Quality Technical Memorandum. The Proposed Project would be required to comply with the most current Title 24. Title 24 provides minimum efficiency standards related to various building features, including appliances, water and space heating and cooling equipment, building insulation and roofing, and lighting. Additionally, the Proposed Project would include solar-ready roofs. Overall, the Proposed Project would indirectly result in 1,205 MTCO2e per year of GHG emissions due to energy consumption.
Water Demand
According to the Air Quality Technical Memorandum prepared for the Proposed Project, emissions from indirect impacts from water use for the Proposed Project would result in
90.6 MTCO2e per year of GHG emissions. Given the same number of residential units would be developed, the Proposed Project would result in similar emissions related to water demand as would the Approved Project.
Solid Waste
Solid waste associated with operations of the Lost Canyons Project would result in 91.4 MTCO2e per year of GHG emissions. Given the same number of residential units would be developed, the Proposed Project would result in similar emissions related to solid waste as would the Approved Project.
Total Project-Related Sources of Greenhouse Gases
As shown in the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, the total amount of the Proposed Project’s GHG emissions, from direct and indirect sources combined would total approximately 5,510.95 MTCO2e per year. According top the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, these emissions would be lower than what was previously disclosed in the 2011 EIR for the Approved Project.
Consistency With Applicable Plans
The consistency analysis for the Approved Project within the 2011 EIR is based on the AB 32 Climate Change Scoping Plan, also known as 2008 Scoping Plan. However, this document has since been updated, with the most recent approved iteration being the 2022 Scoping Plan.
The GHG plan consistency analysis for the project is based on the Proposed Project’s consistency with the CARB’s 2022 Scoping Plan, SCAG’s 2020-2045 RTP/SCS, and City’s General Plan as well as the City’s CAP.
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Consistency With 2022 Scoping Plan
The 2022 Scoping Plan identifies reduction measures necessary to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality by 2045 or earlier. Actions that reduce GHG emissions are identified for each AB 32 inventory sector. An evaluation of applicable reduction actions/strategies by emissions source category is provided for the Proposed Project within the Air Quality Technical Memorandum. As described therein, the Proposed Project would be consistent with the applicable reduction actions/strategies outlined in the 2022 Scoping Plan.
Consistency With the SCAG 2020-2045 RTP/SCS
On September 3, 2020, the Regional Council of SCAG formally adopted the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS. The 2020- 2045 RTP/SCS includes performance goals that were adopted to help focus future investments on the best-performing projects, as well as different strategies to preserve, maintain, and optimize the performance of the existing transportation system. The SCAG 2020-2045 RTP/SCS is forecast to help California reach its GHG reduction goals by reducing GHG emissions from passenger cars by eight percent below 2005 levels by 2020 and 19 percent by 2035 in accordance with the most recent CARB targets adopted in March 2018. Five key SCS strategies are included in the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS to help the region meet its regional VMT and GHG reduction goals, as required by the State. Table 3¸ Consistency with the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS shows the project’s consistency with these five strategies found within the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS.
The 2024-2050 RTP/SCS (Connect SoCal 2024) was adopted on April 4, 2024. However, CARB concluded that the technical methodology SCAG used to quantify the GHG emission reductions for the Connect SoCal 2024 does not operate accurately. At the time of preparation of this EIR Addendum, CARB has not made its determination. Review by CARB is limited to acceptance or rejection of SCAG’s determination that its SCS would, if implemented, achieve the region’s GHG emissions reduction target. If CARB rejects SCAG’s determination of meeting the GHG emission target, SCAG would need to revise the SCS or adopt an alternative planning strategy demonstrating the ability to achieve the target. As such, until CARB makes the decision, Connect SoCal 2024 is not a fully adopted document and is potentially subject to further updates, especially from the GHG reduction perspective of the methods and assumptions of the calculation of Auto Operating Costs (AOC)10, induced travel, electric vehicle incentives, job center parking and parking deregulation, off-model strategy assumptions, and emissions factors. As CARB has not made the decision at the time of preparation of the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, the consistency analysis shown in the Air Quality Technical Memorandum evaluates the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS. As shown in the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, the Proposed Project would be consistent with the GHG emission reduction strategies contained in the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS.
Consistency with General Plan and CAP
The City’s General Plan contains several goals related to GHG emissions reduction. Similarly, the City’s CAP contains goals intended to support sustainable development within the City.
Implementation of the City’s CAP would contribute to a reduction in the City’s overall GHG emissions. An analysis of the Proposed Project’s consistency with applicable policies from the CAP and General Plan are provided in the Air Quality Technical Memorandum, which determined the Proposed Project would be consistent.
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ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE EIR
Conclusion
The Proposed Project would not result in any new or substantially increased effects related to greenhouse gas emissions that were not already previously evaluated and disclosed in the 2011 EIR that was prepared for the Approved Project. Mitigation measures from the 2011 EIR relating to greenhouse gas emissions continue to apply; however, no new mitigation measures are proposed as a part of the Proposed Project that would result in any new impacts that were not previously evaluated in the 2011 EIR. 672