West Sacramento City Council
April 9, 2025

Fire Department to notify all affected property owners by mail of the intended weed abatement action. Staff is also requesting Council set a public hearing on April 30, 2025, for property owners to provide objections to the proposed removal of weeds. This hearing date will also be included on the notice to property owners. Under this program, the City’s contractor will only undertake weed abatement activities if the property owner fails to do so before the contractor.

Environmental Considerations
This item is not a project that is subject to CEQA, because it is not an activity that may cause either a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment. (Pub. Resources Code, § 21065; CEQA Guidelines § 15060(c), § 15378(a).)
Commission Recommendation
Not Applicable
Strategic Plan Integration
This program assists the City in its efforts to reduce local climate vulnerability. By minimizing the fuel load in West Sacramento, this program will subsequently reduce the number of fires and smoke that pollute the atmosphere.

Alternatives
The City may choose not to actively pursue a weed abatement program; however, it is more than probable that there will be an increase in the intensity of vegetation fires as the fuel becomes drier during the summer months.

This added fuel load within the city is a threat to life and property. By reducing the size of the combustible vegetation, the risk and intensity of fires are significantly reduced.

Coordination and Review
This report was produced by the Fire Department.

Budget/Cost Impact
100% of the private party weed abatement costs (historically under $30,000) are reimbursed by property owners, which also includes a 20% administrative fee.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Resolution 25-35

2. Property List by APN
594
RESOLUTION 25-35

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL

OF THE CITY OF WEST SACRAMENTO DECLARING WEEDS

GROWING ON CERTAIN LOTS TO BE A PUBLIC NUISANCE
AND INITIATING THE 2025 WEED ABATEMENT PROGRAM
WHEREAS, the City Council elects to proceed under California Government Code, Article 2, Sections 39560 – 39588 to declare as a public nuisance and abate all weeds growing upon streets, sidewalks, and private property in the city; and WHEREAS, "weeds”, as used in this article includes any of the following:
a) Weeds which bear seeds of a downy or wingy nature.
b) Sagebrush, chaparral and any other brush or weeds which attain such large growth as to become, when dry, a fire menace to adjacent improved property. c) Weeds which are otherwise noxious or dangerous.
d) Poison oak and poison ivy when the conditions of growth are such as to constitute a menace to the public health.
e) Dry grass, stubble, brush, litter, or other flammable material which endangers the public safety by creating a fire hazard.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of West Sacramento hereby declares as a public nuisance all weeds growing upon the streets, sidewalks, and private property in the city, specifically identified on the attached list of properties. The City Council also declares weeds growing on said parcels to be a seasonal and recurrent nuisance.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED the City Council hereby instructs the Community Risk Reduction Division of the Fire Department to mail, no later than April 10, 2025, written notices of the proposed abatement and public hearing to be held on April 30, 2025, to all persons owning property, according to the last equalized assessment roll available, described in this Resolution.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED the City Council hereby sets its regular meeting of April 30 2025, as a public hearing date to consider objections for the proposed removal of weeds.

PASSED AND ADOPTED this 9th day of April, 2025 by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSENT:

ABSTAIN:

Martha Guerrero, Mayor
ATTEST:

Jennifer Cusmir, City Clerk
595

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CITY COUNCIL AGENDA REPORT
MEETING DATE: April 9, 2025 ITEM # 12
SUBJECT:

CONSIDERATION OF POLICE DEPARTMENT MILITARY EQUIPMENT USE ANNUAL REPORT AFFIRMING RENEWAL OF ORDINANCE 22-16
INITIATED OR REQUESTED BY: REPORT COORDINATED OR PREPARED BY:
[ ] Council [X] Staff
[ ] Other
Dawna Jones, Senior Analyst
Police Department
ATTACHMENT [X] Yes [ ] No [ ] Information [ ] Direction [X] Action

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this report is to comply with current AB 481 regulations, which require that law enforcement agencies obtain approval from the applicable governing body for the funding, acquisition, collaboration or other use of “military equipment” as defined by Section 7070(c).

RECOMMENDED ACTION
Staff respectfully recommends the City Council:

1. Receive the Police Department military equipment use policy and annual report; and

2. Affirm renewal of Ordinance 22-16.

BACKGROUND
Assembly Bill 481 (AB 481), codified at Government Code (GC) Sections 7070 through 7075 (“AB 481”), requires a law enforcement agency to obtain approval from the applicable governing body prior to taking any action related to funding, acquisition, collaboration, or other use of “military equipment”, as that term is defined by Section 7070(c).

The West Sacramento Police Department (WSPD) currently has equipment defined in AB 481 and codified in GC Sections 7070 through 7075 as “military equipment” in its reserves. Throughout history, up to and including the present, WSPD has found it necessary from time to time, to use this equipment in order to protect the public health, safety, and general welfare, as well as that of WSPD officers, in the most efficient and communityconscious manner.

Specifically, the military equipment is used when WSPD officers face gunfire for prolonged incidents. Such ballistic equipment allows more opportunities to de-escalate the situation by, for instance, equipping tactical teams to resolve life threatening conditions in the safest way possible for all involved, including the community, the suspect, victims, bystanders and officers. Although some of the weaponry and other devices may be used infrequently, their availability expands the choices of non-lethal or less-lethal options for the large variety of dynamic and dangerous encounters faced in our city and profession. Limiting those choices without careful analysis could lead to decreasing options of relevant, contemporary interventions that can allow for deescalation, decrease the severity of violence and reduce harm overall.

To comply with AB 481, the Police Chief shall obtain City Council approval by way of an ordinance adopting a Military Equipment Use Policy (Policy) as defined in Section 7070(d), that delineates the authorized military equipment and its purpose and use, and associated fiscal impact, legal and procedural rules, and requisite training. Additionally, the Policy is to include mechanisms to ensure compliance with the Policy, the procedures by which members of the public may register complaints or concerns, and how WSPD will ensure that each complaint, concern or question receives a timely response.

AB 481 allows the governing body to approve the funding, acquisition and use of military equipment within its jurisdiction, only if it determines that the military equipment meets specified standards outlined in GC 7071 as follows:

1. The military equipment as defined by California Government Code section 7070(c) identified in the Policy is necessary because there is no reasonable alternative that can achieve the same objective of officer and civilian safety.

2. The Policy will safeguard the public’s welfare, safety, civil rights, and civil liberties. 601
AB 481 Military Equipment Use
April 9, 2025

3. The current military equipment identified in the Policy and the purchasing of any future military equipment on the list of approved military equipment is reasonably cost effective compared to available alternatives that can achieve the same objective of officer and civilian safety.

4. Prior military equipment use complied with the use policy that was in effect at the time.

On April 20, 2022, Police Department Staff presented for first reading Ordinance 22-16 and on May 18, 2022, subsequent to Staff’s presentation of a second reading, Ordinance 22-16 was adopted, approving Police Department Military Equipment Use Policy 709 and the use, acquisition, collaboration and seeking of funding for military equipment. (See Attachments 2 and 3) The adoption of Ordinance 22-16 was based upon determinations consistent with the required standards for approval as outlined in GC7071. (See attachment 4).

In December of 2023 and March of 2024, public hearings were conducted and the continuance of Ordinance 22- 16 was approved. The associated Policy 709 and the Annual Military Equipment Use Report were received by Council per regulations. The Police Department is currently seeking to again comply with GC 7071, which requires the governing body at a regular Council meeting to annually review Ordinance 22-16 and vote on whether to renew the Ordinance.

ANALYSIS
Pursuant to GC 7072, a law enforcement agency that receives approval for a military equipment use policy shall submit to the governing body annually a “military equipment use report” for each type of military equipment approved by the governing body to include:

1. A summary of how the military equipment was used and the purpose of its use.

2. A summary of any complaints or concerns received concerning the military equipment.

3. The results of any internal audits, any information about violations of the military equipment use policy, and any actions taken in response.

4. The total annual cost for each type of military equipment, including acquisition, personnel, training, transportation, maintenance, storage, upgrade and other ongoing costs, and from what source funds will be provided for the military equipment in the calendar year following submission of the annual military equipment report.

5. The quantity possessed for each type of military equipment.

6. If the law enforcement agency intends to acquire additional military equipment in the next year, the quantity sought for each type of military equipment.

The governing body shall determine, based on the annual military equipment use report, whether each type of military equipment identified in the report has complied with the standards for approval. If the governing body determines that a type of military equipment identified in the annual military equipment use report has not complied with the standards for approval, the governing body shall either disapprove renewal of the authorization for that type of military equipment or require modifications to the military equipment use policy in a manner that will resolve the lack of compliance. The Police Department’s annual Military Equipment Use Report to Council is included as Attachment 1 of this report.

Within 30 days of submitting and publicly releasing an annual military equipment report, WSPD is required to hold at least one well-publicized and conveniently located community engagement meeting, at which the general public may discuss and ask questions regarding the annual military equipment report and WSPD’s funding, acquisition or use of military equipment. On March 1, 2025, the Police Department held an open house for the public to view the Department’s military equipment. This provided an opportunity for the public to ask questions and provide feedback.

As per regulation, WSPD conducted an internal audit and determined that there have been no violations of the Military Equipment Use Policy.

The Department is requesting that Council approve a renewal of the authorization set forth under Ordinance 22- 16 pertaining to the use of military equipment.
602
AB 481 Military Equipment Use
April 9, 2025

Environmental Considerations
This action is not a project that is subject to CEQA because it is not an activity that may cause either a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment. (Pub. Resources Code, § 21065; CEQA Guidelines §§ 15060(c), 15378(a).)
Commission Recommendation
N/A
Strategic Plan Integration
This item supports the City’s vision of taking actions to ensure residents, guests, and other community members feel safe and secure.

Alternatives
Council may choose to disapprove a renewal of the authorization set forth under Ordinance 22-16 for a type, as defined, of military equipment or amend the Police Department’s Military Equipment Use Policy 709.

Coordination and Review
This report was coordinated and reviewed by Police Department Staff.

Budget/Cost Impact
The proposed actions do not require funding to implement. Funding for relevant City and Department services will be budgeted annually.

ATTACHMENTS

1. 2024 Annual Military Equipment Use Report

2. WSPD Policy Manual Policy 709

3. Ordinance 22-16

4. Government Code 7070 -7075
603
West Sacramento Police Department
Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
On September 30, 2021, Assembly Bill 481 was signed into law. It requires law enforcement agencies to obtain approval for the use of certain items defined as “military equipment” from the applicable governing body (City Council), by adoption of a military equipment use policy. The West Sacramento Police Department is required to seek City Council approval of its Military Equipment Use Policy at a regular open meeting prior to taking certain actions relating to the funding, acquisition, and use of military equipment.

Assembly Bill 481 allows the governing body to approve the funding, acquisition, and use of military equipment within its jurisdiction, only if it determines that the military equipment meets specified standards. The Military Equipment Use Policy is subject to City Council review to determine whether the standards set forth in Assembly Bill 481 have been met, based upon an Annual Military Equipment Use Report.

Finally, Assembly Bill 481 requires publication of the Military Equipment Use Policy and the Annual Military Equipment Use Report on the Department’s website. (Assembly Bill 481) California Government Code section 7072 states the following:
(a) A law enforcement agency that receives approval for a military equipment use policy pursuant to Section 7071 shall submit to the governing body an annual military equipment report for each type of military equipment approved by the governing body within one year of approval, and annually thereafter for as long as the military equipment is available for use. The law enforcement agency shall also make each annual military equipment report required by this section publicly available on its internet website for as long as the military equipment is available for use. The annual military equipment report shall, at a minimum, include the following information for the immediately preceding calendar year for each type of military equipment:
(1) A summary of how the military equipment was used and the purpose of its use. (2) A summary of any complaints or concerns received concerning the military equipment. (3) The results of any internal audits, any information about violations of the military equipment use policy, and any actions taken in response.
(4) The total annual cost for each type of military equipment, including acquisition, personnel, training, transportation, maintenance, storage, upgrade, and other ongoing costs, and from what source funds will be provided for the military equipment in the calendar year following submission of the annual military equipment report.
(5) The quantity possessed for each type of military equipment. 604
(6) If the law enforcement agency intends to acquire additional military equipment in the next year, the quantity sought for each type of military equipment. (b) Within 30 days of submitting and publicly releasing an annual military equipment report pursuant to this section, the law enforcement agency shall hold at least one well publicized and conveniently located community engagement meeting, at which the general public may discuss and ask questions regarding the annual military equipment report and the law enforcement agency’s funding, acquisition, or use of military equipment.

In addition to maintaining the highest levels of public safety, the West Sacramento Police Department is committed to transparency, public trust, community partnerships, and compliance with the law. As such, the Department has authored the following 2024 Annual Military Equipment Use Report in accordance with annual reporting requirements set forth in California Government Code section 7072.

AB 481 Definition of Military Equipment (Government Code 7070) Assembly Bill 481 created Government Code 7070 to designate the following 15 categories of items as military equipment:

Category 1: Unmanned, remotely piloted, powered aerial or ground vehicles.

Category 2: Mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicles or armored personnel carriers.

Category 3: High mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicles (HMMWV), two-and-one-half-ton trucks, five-ton trucks, or wheeled vehicles that have a breaching or entry apparatus attached.

Category 4: Tracked armored vehicles that provide ballistic protection to their occupants.

Category 5: Command and control vehicles that are either built or modified to facilitate the operational control and direction of public safety units.

Category 6: Weaponized aircraft, vessels, or vehicles of any kind.

Category 7: Battering rams, slugs, and breaching apparatuses that are explosive in nature.

Category 8: Firearms and ammunition of .50 caliber or greater, excluding standard-issue shotguns and standard-issue shotgun ammunition.

Category 9: Specialized firearms and ammunition of less than .50 caliber, including firearms and accessories identified as assault weapons in Penal Code § 30510 and Penal Code §30515, with the exception of standard-issue handguns.

Category 10: Any firearm or firearm accessory that is designed to launch explosive projectiles.

Category 11: Noise-flash diversionary devices and explosive breaching tools.

Category 12: Munitions containing tear gas or OC, excluding standard, service-issued handheld pepper spray.
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Category 13: TASER® Shockwave, microwave weapons, water cannons, and long-range acoustic devices.

Category 14: Kinetic energy weapons and munitions.

Category 15: Any other equipment as determined by a governing body or a state agency to require additional oversight.

The West Sacramento Police Department possesses or utilizes items in Categories 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 11, and

12. All items currently in possession of the West Sacramento Police Department have been approved during the associated budgetary periods commensurate with the items purchased. 2024 Military Equipment Usage, Quantity, Complaints and Annual Cost Breakdown:

Item/Category Equipment Use Type Frequency of Usage Complaints Annual Cost UAS- Cat. 1 a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 85
b) 0
No complaints $55,000
Breaching ToolsCat. 7/11a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 0
b) 0
No complaints $0
40 MM- Cat. 9 a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 0
b) 0
No complaints $0
Flash Bangs- Cat.
11 a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 0
b) 4
No complaints $0
Chemical AgentsCat. 12a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 0
b) 0
No complaints $0
Rifles- Cat. 9 a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 1
b) 0
No complaints $1,328.23
(1 rifle purchased for
Academy)
MRAP- Cat. 2 a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 0
b) 15
No complaints $0
Command
Vehicle- Cat. 5
a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 3
b) 3
No complaints $0
Less Lethal
Shotgun- Cat. 9
a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 1
b) 0
No complaints $0
Pepperball
Launcher- Cat. 12
a) Field Deployment
b) Planned event
a) 3
b) 0
No complaints $0
Anticipated Purchases:
 The department anticipates the purchase of 4 new rifles for Patrol use in 2025. The anticipated cost for these items is $5,312.92.
 The UAS Program began a 3-year replacement cycle in 2024. Aircraft being purchased are three DJI M-30T’s, one DJI Mavic 3 Advanced and six DJI Avada’s. The M-30’s are designated as primary patrol operations aircraft, the Mavic 3 Advanced is a collision and crime scene mapping aircraft and the Avada’s are primarily for interior tactical flight. Orders were placed for the 606
aircraft in the fourth quarter of 2024 calendar year and received in early 2025 and added to the aircraft fleet.
 The department anticipates purchasing a lower-profiled armored rescue vehicle in the 2025/2026 budget cycle.

Community Engagement Meeting:

The West Sacramento Police Department held an Open House Event on March 1st , 2025, that included a display of the department’s AB 481 designated equipment and an opportunity for the public to review the department’s policy, the 2024 report and ask questions or make comments. Over 100 community members attended the event. There were no formal comments made to the department.

Complaints or Comments:

Any member of the public can submit a complaint to any member of the Department and in any form (i.e., in person, telephone, email, etc.). Once the complaint is received, it should be routed to the Internal Affairs Division
Complaints and/or concerns can also be sent to the department via our website:
https://www.cityofwestsacramento.org/government/departments/police/commendation-complaint The current military equipment policy can be located on the police department’s website at https://www.cityofwestsacramento.org/home/showdocument?id=14893&t=638156049913519210.

Internal Audit:

The Police Department conducted an internal audit of the military equipment use policy. The professional standards unit and the department’s use of force review board reviewed the audit and each occurrence of utilization of this equipment. For the events that occurred during 2024, it was determined that there were no violations of the military equipment as outlined in the use policy 607
Policy
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Military and Other Specifically Identified
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709.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
The purpose of this policy is to provide guidelines for the approval, acquisition, and reporting requirements of military and other specifically identified equipment defined under Government Code § 7070; Government Code § 7071; Government Code § 7072. 709.1.1 DEFINITIONS
Definitions related to this policy include (Government Code § 7070):

The following definitions shall apply to this policy.
"City" means the City of West Sacramento.
"City Council" means the City Council of the City of West Sacramento, which is the Governing Body of the City, including the Police Department.
"Exigent Circumstances" means a law enforcement agency's good faith belief that an emergency involving the danger of, or imminent threat of death or serious physical injury to any person is occurring, has occurred, or is about to occur.
"Governing Body" means the elected body that oversees a law enforcement agency. "Law Enforcement Agency" means any of the following:

1. A police department, including the police department of a transit agency, school district, or any campus of the University of California, the California State University, or California Community Colleges.

2. A sheriff's department.

3. A district attorney's office.

4. A county probation department.
"Military Equipment" means the following:

1. Unmanned, remotely piloted, powered aerial or ground vehicles.

2. Mine-resistant ambush-protected (MRAP) vehicles or armored personnel carriers.

However, police versions of standard consumer vehicles are specifically excluded from this subdivision.

3. High mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicles (HMMWV), commonly referred to as Humvees, two and one-half-ton trucks, five-ton trucks, or wheeled vehicles that have a breaching or entry apparatus attached. However, unarmored all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and motorized dirt bikes are specifically excluded from this subdivision.

4. Tracked armored vehicles that provide ballistic protection to their occupants and utilize a tracked system instead of wheels for forward motion.
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5. Command and control vehicles that are either built or modified to facilitate the operational control and direction of public safety units.

6. Weaponized aircraft, vessels, or vehicles of any kind.

7. Battering rams, slugs, and breaching apparatuses that are explosive in nature.

However, items designed to remove a lock, such as bolt cutters, or a handheld ram designed to be operated by one person, are specifically excluded from this subdivision.

8. Firearms of.50 caliber or greater. However, standard issue shotguns are specifically excluded from this subdivision.

9. Specialized firearms and ammunition of.50 caliber or greater. However, standard issue shotgun ammunition is specifically excluded from this subdivision.

10. Specialized firearms and ammunition of less than.50 caliber, including assault weapons as defined in Sections 30510 and 30515 of the Penal Code, with the exception of standard issue service weapons and ammunition of less than.50 caliber that are issued to officers, agents, or employees of a law enforcement agency or a state agency.

11. Any firearm or firearm accessory that is designed to launch explosive projectiles.

12. "Flashbang" grenades and explosive breaching tools, "tear gas," and "pepper balls," excluding standard, service-issued handheld pepper spray.

13. Taser Shockwave, microwave weapons, water cannons, and the Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD).

14. The following projectile launch platforms and their associated munitions: 40mm projectile launchers, "bean bag," rubber bullet, and specialty impact munition (SIM) weapons.

15. Any other equipment as determined by the City Council to require additional oversight.

16. Notwithstanding the above, "military equipment" shall not include general equipment not designated as prohibited or controlled by the federal Defense Logistics Agency.

17. Governing body – The elected or appointed body that oversees the Department.

18. "Military Equipment Use Policy" means this policy, a publicly released, written document governing the use of military equipment by a law enforcement agency or a state agency that addresses, at a minimum, all of the following:

1. A description of each type of military equipment, the quantity sought, its capabilities, expected lifespan, and product descriptions from the manufacturer of the military equipment.

2. The purposes and authorized uses for which the law enforcement agency or the state agency proposes to use each type of military equipment.

3. The fiscal impact of each type of military equipment, including the initial costs of obtaining the equipment and estimated annual costs of maintaining the equipment.

4. The legal and procedural rules that govern each authorized use. 609
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5. The training, including any course required by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training, that must be completed before any officer, agent, or employee of the law enforcement agency or the state agency is allowed to use each specific type of military equipment to ensure the full protection of the public's welfare, safety, civil rights, and civil liberties and full adherence to the military equipment use policy.

6. The mechanisms to ensure compliance with the military equipment use policy, including which independent persons or entities have oversight authority, and, if applicable, what legally enforceable sanctions are put in place for violations of the policy.

7. For a law enforcement agency, the procedures by which members of the public may register complaints or concerns or submit questions about the use of each specific type of military equipment, and how the law enforcement agency will ensure that each complaint, concern, or question receives a response in a timely manner. "Police Chief" means the Chief of Police to the City of West Sacramento Police Department. "Police Department" and "Department" mean the City of West Sacramento Police Department, which is the Law Enforcement Agency to the City.
"State agency" means the law enforcement division of every state office, officer, department, division, bureau, board, and commission or other state body or agency, except those agencies provided for in Article IV (except Section 20 thereof) or Article VI of the California Constitution. "Type" means each item that shares the same manufacturer model number. 709.2 POLICY
It is the policy of the West Sacramento Police Department that members of this department comply with the provisions of Government Code § 7071 with respect to military and other specifically identified equipment.
709.3 MILITARY EQUIPMENT COORDINATOR
The Chief of Police shall designate a Military Equipment Coordinator. The Military Equipment Coordinator's responsibilities shall include, but are not limited to:
(a) Identifying Military Equipment that requires City Council approval for use, acquisition, collaboration, or seeking of funding.
(b) Conducting an inventory of all Military Equipment at least annually. (c) Collaborating with any agency that may use military equipment within the City (Government Code § 7071).
(d) Preparing for, scheduling, and coordinating the annual community engagement meeting to include:

1. Preparing the annual military equipment report for submission to the Police Chief and ensuring that the report is made available on the Department's website (Government Code § 7072).
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2. Preparing for public questions regarding the funding, acquisition, and use of equipment.

3. Publicizing the details of the meeting.
709.4 IDENTIFIED MILITARY EQUIPMENT INVENTORY
All Military Equipment kept and maintained by the Department shall be inventoried in a way that addresses each of the following requirements:
(a) The manufacturer's description of the equipment.
(b) The capabilities of the equipment.
(c) The purposes and authorized uses for which the Department proposes to use the equipment.
(d) The expected lifespan of the equipment.
(e) The fiscal impact of the equipment, both initially and for on-going maintenance. (f) The quantity of the equipment, whether maintained or sought.

An inventory of the Department's qualifying Military Equipment, titled "Military Equipment List," is attached to this policy as EXHIBIT A and incorporated herein by reference.

See attachment: 2024 Military Use Equipment List.pdf
709.5 CITY COUNCIL APPROVAL
The Police Chief shall obtain City Council approval by way of an ordinance adopting the Military Equipment Policy. As part of the approval process, the Police Chief shall ensure the proposed Policy is submitted to the City Council and is available on the Department's website at least 30 days prior to any public hearing concerning the Military Equipment at issue (Government Code § 7071). The Policy must be approved by the City Council prior to engaging in any of the following (Government Code § 7071):
(a) Requesting military equipment made available pursuant to 10 USC § 2576a. (b) Seeking funds for military equipment, including but not limited to applying for a grant, soliciting or accepting private, local, state, or federal funds, in-kind donations, or other donations or transfers.
(c) Acquiring military equipment either permanently or temporarily, including by borrowing or leasing.
(d) Collaborating with another law enforcement agency in the deployment or other use of military equipment within West Sacramento.
(e) Using any new or existing military equipment for a purpose, in a manner, or by a person not previously approved by the City Council.
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(f) Soliciting or responding to a proposal for, or entering into an agreement with, any other person or entity to seek funds for, apply to receive, acquire, use, or collaborate in the use of military equipment.
(g) Acquiring military equipment through any means not provided above. 709.6 AGENCY COLLABORATION
Use of Military Equipment by any member of the West Sacramento Police Department shall be in accordance with this Policy. Use of Military Equipment by members of any Law Enforcement Agency, or other agency, providing mutual aid to the City shall be in accordance with the respective agency's adopted Military Equipment Use Policy as well as other policies adopted by any party or parties regarding mutual aid.

The West Sacramento Police Department participates with the Yolo County Regional SWAT Team and works closely with local, county, state, and federal public safety partners. During Exigent Circumstances, and with the approval of the Chief of Police, or his or her designee, Military Equipment may be deployed within the City from such public safety partners to promote the safety and security of residents, guests, businesses, and other community members. 709.7 COMPLIANCE
Military Equipment shall only be used by a Department member after applicable training, including any course required by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training, has been completed, unless Exigent Circumstances arise.

Reporting, investigation, and any disciplinary action including termination, if merited, of alleged violations of this Policy shall be handled through the Department's standard disciplinary procedures.

The City Council and Department recognize that critical incidents are unpredictable and can be very dynamic in nature. A variety of military equipment options can greatly assist Incident Commanders, Officers, and specific units in bringing those incidents to a swift resolution in a safe manner. The use of military equipment is restricted for use only in certain instances and in some cases only by certain units/teams. While this procedure is wide-ranging, it is not all-inclusive. There may be instances wherein Exigent Circumstances demand the need for Incident Commanders to authorize military equipment to be used in a manner not outlined within this policy. In scrutinizing those particular instances, the judgment of the Incident Commander influenced by the totality of the circumstances, public safety, officer safety, civil rights, and information available at the time will be used.

It is incumbent upon Incident Commanders, Supervisors, individual Officers, and specific units/ teams to recognize the particular circumstances wherein military equipment should be employed to enhance the safety of the public and officers, and to bring a critical incident to a safe resolution. 612
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Department members are bound to adhere to Department Policy, in addition to State and local laws and ordinances when employing the use of Military Equipment at any time.

Any member of the public can register a question or concern regarding military use equipment by contacting the Police Department. A response to the question or concern shall be completed by the Department in a timely manner.
709.9 ANNUAL REPORT
Upon approval of the Policy, the Chief of Police, or his or her authorized designee, shall submit a military equipment report to the City Council within one year, and annually thereafter for as long as the Military Equipment is available for use (Government Code § 7072). The annual military equipment report shall, at a minimum, include the following information for the immediately preceding calendar year for each type of military equipment:

1. A summary of how the military equipment was used and the purpose of its use.

2. A summary of any complaints or concerns received concerning the military equipment.

3. The results of any internal audits, any information about violations of the military equipment use policy, and any actions taken in response.

4. The total annual cost for each type of military equipment, including acquisition, personnel, training, transportation, maintenance, storage, upgrade, and other ongoing costs, and from what source funds will be provided for the military equipment in the calendar year following submission of the annual military equipment report.

5. The quantity possessed for each type of military equipment.

6. If the law enforcement agency intends to acquire additional military equipment in the next year, the quantity sought for each type of military equipment. (a) Within 30 days of submitting and publicly releasing an annual military equipment report pursuant to this section, the law enforcement agency shall hold at least one well-publicized and conveniently located community engagement meeting, at which the general public may discuss and ask questions regarding the annual military equipment report and the law enforcement agency's funding, acquisition, or use of military equipment.

The Chief of Police, or his or her the authorized designee, shall make each annual military equipment report publicly available on the Department website for as long as the Military Equipment is available for use in the City. The report shall include all information required by Government Code § 7072 for the preceding calendar year for each type of Military Equipment in the Department inventory.
709.9 SUPPLY LEVELS
The City Council expressly permits the Police Department to maintain the stock of approved Military Equipment in this Policy, as may be updated from time to time, including acquiring or replacing reasonable amounts of ammunition, parts, and replacements. The Chief of Police is expressly authorized to make purchases in accordance with this permission. The Chief of Police, 613
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or his or her designee, shall report to the City Council all purchases subject to this Policy of these purchases at least every six months.
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Attachments
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2024 Military Use Equipment List.pdf
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Military Equipment List
Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS): An unmanned aircraft along with the associated equipment necessary to control it remotely.
a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost of current UAS:
i. DJI MAVIC MINI 2, cost: $500 each, quantity: 11. Miniature UAS that weighs approximately 249 grams and is able to record video and audio with approximately 30 minutes of flight time.
ii. DJI PHANTOM 4 PRO RTK, cost: $1200 each, quantity: 1. UAS with a single-color camera, weighs approx. 7.5 pounds and has video recording capabilities, approx. 30 minutes of flight time.
iii. DJI MAVIC ENTERPRISE ADVANCED, cost: $6,500 each, quantity: 4. UAS that has a color and inferred camera as well as audible speaker and light. Capable of video recording and weighs 899 grams, approx. 30 minutes of flight time. iv. DJI M300 with HT20, cost: $25,000 each, quantity: 1. UAS that has 45 minutes of flight time, in all weather, has an IR camera, zoom camera, speaker, light. Has video recording capabilities.
v. DJI MAVIC ENTERPRISE ZOOM , cost: $2,200, quantity: 1. UAS that weighs approx. 1.5 pounds, 25 min flight time and a single-color camera with recording capabilities. b. Purpose
To be deployed when its view would assist officers or incident commanders with the following situations, which include but are not limited to:
i. Explosive ordnance disposal (EOD)/ Bomb Squad missions ii. Post-incident crime scene and traffic collision investigation preservation and documentation
iii. Response to hazardous materials incidents
iv. Search and Rescue (SAR) missions as defined in California Government Code Section 26614
v. Public safety and life preservation missions to include barricaded suspects, hostage situations, active shooters, apprehension of armed and dangerous and/or violent fleeing suspects, and high-risk search warrants vi. Disaster response and recovery to include natural or human caused disasters including a full overview of a disaster area for post incident analysis and documentation
vii. Training missions as authorized by the Training Certificate of Authorization viii. In response to specific requests from local, state or federal fire authorities for fire response and prevention
ix. Special Events which require the protection of the public and or dignitaries. x. When there is probable cause to believe that (1) the sUAS will record images of a place, thing, condition, or event; and (2) that those images would be relevant in proving that a certain felony had occurred or is occurring, or that a particular person committed or is committing a certain felony and use of the sUAS does not infringe upon the reasonable expectation of privacy 617
xi. Pursuant to a search warrant
xii. The assessment of public health and environmental related issues in public areas which due to their geographical location, pose an operational or safety challenge to assess.
c. Authorized Use
Only assigned operators who have completed the required training shall be permitted to operate any UAS during approved missions.
d. Expected Life Span
All UAS equipment, 3-5 years.
e. Fiscal Impact
Annual maintenance and battery replacement cost is approximately $6,000. f. Training
All Department UAS operators are licensed by the Federal Aviation Administration for UAS operation. In addition, each operator must attend a 40- hour department training and ongoing monthly training.
g. Legal and Procedural Rules
Use is established under FAA Regulation 14 CFR Part 107, and the City of Sacramento UAS policy 473. It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize UAS only for official law enforcement purposes, and in a manner that respects the privacy of our community, pursuant to State and Federal law.

Robots: A remotely-controlled unmanned machine that operates on the ground, which is utilized to enhance the safety of the community and officers. The robots owned and operated by the WSPD are equipment which are maintained and operated by members of the Yolo County Bomb Squad. The WSPD is a member agency of the Yolo County Bomb Squad through and established mutual aid agreement with other Yolo County law enforcement agencies. a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost i. REMOTEC ANDROS F6-A, cost: $250,000 each, quantity: 1. The Remotec ANDROS F6A is a heavy-duty robot. Its stair climbing ability, an arm capable of lifting 65lbs. The F6A also offers multiple communications options, a chassis and manipulator that allow for accessories and tool combinations, and quickrelease pneumatic wheels for rapid width reduction. ii. REMOTEC ANDROS HD-2, cost: $250,000 each, quantity: 1. The Remotec ANDROS HD-2 is a medium-duty robot. Its stair climbing ability, an arm capable of lifting 145 lbs. The HD-2 also offers multiple communications options, a chassis and manipulator that allow for accessories and tool combinations. The Remotec ANDROS HD-2 is tracked over wheels for rugged operation. 618
b. Purpose
To be used to remotely gain visual/audio data, deliver CNT phone, open doors, disrupt packages, and clear buildings.
c. Authorized Use
Only assigned operators who have completed the required training shall be permitted to operate the robots identified at sections 2(a)(i) through (ii). Use is established by the Bomb Squad Commander and or Incident Commander.
d. Expected Life Span All robots, 8-10 years.
e. Fiscal Impact
Annual maintenance and battery replacement cost is approximately $5,000. f. Training
All robot operators must complete training through the Yolo County Bomb Squad in the operation of the specific robot platform in which the operator will be operate. g. Legal and Procedural Rules
It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize a robot only for official law enforcement purposes, and in a manner that respects the privacy of our community, pursuant to State and Federal law.

Breaching Tools: Tools that are used to conduct an explosive breach.

Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost
DETONATING CORD, cost: $1 per foot, quantity: 1000 feet. The detonating cord is a thin, flexible plastic tube usually filled with pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN, pentrite). With the PETN exploding at a rate of approximately 6400 m/s, any common length of detonation cord appears to explode instantaneously.

It is a high-speed fuse which explodes, rather than burns, and is suitable for detonating high explosives.

BLASTING CAP, cost: $12, quantity: 60. A blasting cap is a small sensitive primary explosive device generally used to detonate a larger, more powerful and less sensitive secondary explosive such as TNT, dynamite, or plastic explosive. Blasting caps come in a variety of types, including non-electric caps, electric caps, and fuse caps.

IDEAL PRODUCTS PRECUTION ACTUATED NON ELECTRICT (PAN) DISTRUPTOR, cost: $3500, quantity: 4.

Each of the two listed robots have two PAN barrels mounted on the robot. This tool is a 12 gauge barrel primarily used for disruption and remote opening of suspicious packages, dangerous items, explosives and improvised explosive devices. In certain circumstances, the PAN is used to safely utilize shotgun breaching rounds and water jets in order to destroy deadbolts, locks, and hinges. This weapon can also defeat windows and sliding glass doors with a blank round.

Stryker 12 gauge Shotgun, cost: $1900, quantity: 1. This weapon allows for breachers to safely utilize shotgun breaching rounds in order to destroy deadbolts, locks, and hinges. This weapon can also defeat windows and sliding glass doors with a blank round. This item is mounted and specifically designed to deploy door and glass breaching rounds and lethal ammunition from a robot.

CTS/ PENN ARMS, 40MM MULTI-LAUNCHER, cost: $5200, Quantity: 1. The 40MM Multi-Launcher is a tactical 6 shot launcher. It will fire standard 40mm less lethal ammunition, up to 4.8 inches in cartridge length. It will launch a 40MM less lethal round up to 131 feet and is only authorized to be used by trained personnel. This item is mounted and specifically designed to deploy less lethal ammunition from a robot.
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REMINGTON 870 EXPRESS BREACHING SHOTGUN, cost: $500, quantity: 2. This weapon allows for breachers to safely utilize shotgun breaching rounds in order to destroy deadbolts, locks, and hinges.

The stand-off that is attached to the end of the barrel allows for positive placement of the gun into the correct position and vents gases to prevent overpressure. This weapon can also defeat windows and sliding glass doors with a blank round.

MK Ballistics Master Key 12 gauge Ballistic Door Breaching Round, cost: $5 per round, quantity: 50. The round is fired from a breaching shotgun and is used to destroy deadbolts, locks and hinges.

Winchester 12 gauge Popper Blank, cost: $1.25 per round, quantity: 50. The round is fired from a shotgun to break windows for access and entry.

Winchester 12 gauge Black Powder Blank, cost: $2.08 per round, quantity: 50. The round is fired from a shotgun to break windows for access and entry.
a. Purpose
To safely gain entry into a structure.
b. Authorized Use
MILITARY USE EQUIPMENT: WSPD SWAT

1. 40 MM Launchers and Rounds: 40MM Launchers are utilized by department personnel as a less lethal tool to launch impact munitions.
a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost each i. DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY, 40MM EXACT IMPACT, #6325, cost: $28.65, quantity:

24. A less lethal 40MM lightweight plastic and crushable foam projectile fired from a single or multi-round purpose-built 40mm grenade launcher with a rifled barrel at 295 FPS. The 30-gram crushable foam projectile delivers 120 ft/lbs of energy upon impact. The 40mm Direct Impact marking round provides accurate and effective performance when fired from the approved distance of not less than five (5) feet and as far as 120 feet from the target. ii. DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY, 40 MM FERRET OC (liquid), #1262(no longer manufactured – replacement is part# 2260), cost: $28.90, quantity: 33. The Ferret® 40mm Round is non-burning and suitable for indoor use. Used primarily by tactical teams, it is designed to penetrate barriers, such as windows, hollow core doors, wallboard, and thin plywood. Upon impacting the barrier, the nose cone ruptures and instantaneously delivers a small chemical payload inside of a structure or vehicle.
b. Purpose
To limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable.
c. Authorized Use
Situations for use of the less lethal weapon systems may include, but are not limited to:
i. Self-destructive, dangerous and/or combative individuals. 620
ii. Riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents.
iii. Circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained. iv. Potentially vicious animals.
v. Training exercises or approved demonstrations.
d. Training
Sworn members utilizing 40MM less lethal chemical agents or impact rounds are trained in there use by POST certified less lethal and chemical agent instructors. e. Lifespan
i. Defense Technology #1425 - 25 years.
ii. DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY, 40MM EXACT IMPACT, #6325 – 5 years. iii. DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY, 40 MM FERRET OC (liquid), #1260(no longer manufactured – replacement is part# 2260) – 5 years.
f. Fiscal Impact
Annual maintenance is approximately $50 for each launcher. g. Legal and Procedural Rules
Use is established under Policy Section 307. It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize the 40mm only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law, including those regarding the use of force.

2. Noise Flash Distraction Devices: A distraction device is ideal for distracting dangerous suspects during assaults, hostage rescue, room entry or other high-risk arrest situations. a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost i. COMBINED TACTICAL SYSTEMS MODEL 7290M DISTRACTION DEVICE, cost: $45, quantity: 15. A non-bursting, non-fragmenting multi-bang device that produces a loud bang with an intense bright light. Ideal for distracting dangerous suspects during assaults, hostage rescue, room entry or other high-risk arrest situations. b. Purpose
Noise/flash distraction devices (NFDD) are less lethal weapons used to facilitate an effective resolution to assaultive or high-risk situations where disorienting or moving an individual or group of people, to effect an arrest or clear an area, is desired. c. Authorized Use
Noise Flash Diversionary Devices shall only be used:
i. By officers who have been trained in their proper use. ii. In hostage and barricaded subject situations.
iii. In high-risk warrant (search/arrest) services where there may be extreme hazards to officers.
iv. During other high-risk situations where their use would enhance officer safety. v. During training exercises.
d. Lifespan
i. Until used.
e. Fiscal Impact
No annual maintenance.
f. Training
Prior to use, officers must attend divisionary device training that is conducted by Post certified instructors.
g. Legal and Procedural Rules
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It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize diversion devices only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law regarding the use of force.

3. Chemical Agent and Smoke Canisters: Canisters that contain chemical agents that are released when deployed.
a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost i. DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY, FLAMELESS TRI-CHAMBER CS GRENADE, #1032, cost:
$46.25, quantity: 1. The design of the Tri-Chamber Flameless CS Grenade allows the contents to burn within an internal can and disperse the agent safely with reduced risk of fire. The grenade is designed primarily for indoor tactical situations to detect and/or dislodge a barricaded subject. This grenade will deliver approximately .70 oz. of agent during its 20-25 seconds burn time.

The Tri-Chamber Flameless Grenade can be used in crowd control as well as tactical deployment situations by Law Enforcement and Corrections but was designed with the barricade situation in mind. Its applications in tactical situations are primarily to detect and/or dislodge barricaded subjects. The purpose of the Tri-Chamber Flameless Grenade is to minimize the risks to all parties through pain compliance, temporary discomfort, and/or incapacitation of potentially violent or dangerous subjects. The Tri-Chamber Flameless Grenade provides the option of delivering a pyrotechnic chemical device indoors, maximizing the chemicals’ effectiveness via heat and vaporization, while minimizing or negating the chance of fire to the structure. ii. DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY, SPEDE-HEAT CONTINUOUS DISCHARGE CHEMICAL GRENADE, CS, #1072, cost: $33.05, quantity: 1. The Spede-Heat™ CS Grenade is a high volume, continuous burn it expels its payload in approximately 20-40 seconds. The payload is discharged through four gas ports on top of the canister, three on the side and one on the bottom. This hand held, outdoor use grenade is 6.12 in. by 2.62 in. and holds approximately 2.9 oz. of active agent.
b. Purpose
To limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable. Situations for use of the less lethal weapon systems may include, but are not limited to:
i. Self-destructive, dangerous and/or combative individuals. ii. Riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents.
iii. Circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained. iv. Potentially vicious animals.
v. Training exercises or approved demonstrations.
c. Authorized Use
Only officers who have received POST certification in the use chemical agents are authorized to use chemical agents.
d. Training
Sworn members utilizing chemical agent canisters are certified by POST less lethal and chemical agent instructors.
e. Lifespan
5 years from manufacturing date.
f. Fiscal Impact
No annual maintenance.
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g. Legal and Procedural Rules
It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize chemical agents only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law, including those regarding the use of force.

4. Rifles: Guns that are fired from shoulder level, having a long spirally grooved barrel intended to make bullets spin and thereby have greater accuracy over a long distance. a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost i. COLT LAW ENFORCEMENT 5.56 mm RIFLE, MODEL CARBINE, Cost:
$2000, quantity: 9. It is a short-barreled rifle, equipped with a red dot sight, light and sling which allows a trained officer better control with greater accuracy than a pistol. It is used in instances to engage a suspect at greater distances than the capability a pistol. The rifle is capable of firing both 5.56 mm and .223 caliber ammunition. ii. COLT 7.62 mm RIFLE, MODULAR CARBINE, Cost: $1500, quantity: 1. The Colt 7.62 mm rifle and its variants, is a semi-automatic shoulder fired, gas operated weapon. It has a collapsible stock and removable magazine, caliber in 7.62mm and .308c caliber.
iii. GA PRECISION GAP 10 RIFLE, .308 caliber SNIPER RIFLE, Cost: $3724, quantity: 2. The GAP 10 rifle is a semi-automatic shoulder fired, gas operated weapon. It has a collapsible stock and removable magazine, caliber is .308.
iv. HECKLER AND KOCH MP5, 9mm, SUB MACHINE GUN, Cost: $100, quantity: 1. The H&K MP5 is a lightweight air-cooled, selective fire, delayed blowback operated, shoulder fired weapon. It has a collapsible stock and removable magazine and is chambered in 9mm.
v. HORNADY TAP - .308 CALIBER, 165 GRAIN RIFLE ROUND, cost: $400 per case of 200, quantity: 33 cases. Hornady is reloadable, features match grade brass composite casing. It is polymer tipped, fragmenting with cannelure bullet. It is the optimum round for entry use to mitigate over penetration.
vi. WINCHESTER TRAINING .223 CALIBER, 55 GRAIN RIFLE ROUND, cost:
$314.20 per case of 1000, quantity: 18,300 rounds
vii. FEDERAL .223 CALIBER AMERICAN EAGLE 62 GRAIN RIFLE ROUND, cost:
$350 per case of 500, quantity: 2 cases.
viii. FEDERAL .223 CALIBER HI SHOK TACTICAL TRU 55 GRAIN RIFLE ROUND, cost: $450 per case of 500, quantity: 16 cases.
b. Purpose
To be used as precision weapons to address a threat with more precision and/or greater distances than a handgun, if present and feasible.
c. Authorized Use
Only members that are POST certified are authorized to use a rifle. d. Lifespan
Colt Law Enforcement 5.56 carbine rifle - 20 years.

Colt 7.62 mm Rifle, Modular Carbine – 20 years
GA Precision GAP 10, .308 Rifle -20 years.

H&K MP5 Sub Machine Gun, 9mm – 20 years
Hornady .308 ammunition - no expiration.
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Winchester and Federal .223 ammunition - no expiration. e. Fiscal Impact
Annual maintenance is approximately $50 for each rifle. f. Training
Prior to using a rifle, officers must be certified by POST instructors in the operation of the rifle. Additionally, all members that operate any rifle are required to pass a range qualification two times a year.
g. Legal and Procedural Rules
Use is established under Policy Section 311. It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize rifles only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law regarding the use of force.

5. Explosive Breaching Tools: Tools that are used to conduct an explosive breach. a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost. i. REMINGTON 870 MAGNUM BREACHING SHOTGUN, cost: $500, quantity: 2.

This weapon allows for breachers to safely utilize shotgun breaching rounds in order to destroy deadbolts, locks, and hinges. The stand-off that is attached to the end of the barrel allows for positive placement of the gun into the correct position and vents gases to prevent overpressure. This weapon can also defeat windows and sliding glass doors with a flash bang round. A less lethal

2.4- inch 12-gauge shotgun round firing a ballistic fiber bag filled with 40 grams of lead shot at a velocity of 270-290 feet per second (FPS). ii. BERETTA MODEL 1301 TACTICAL BREACHING SHOTGUN, cost: $1000, quantity: 2. This weapon allows for breachers to safely utilize shotgun breaching rounds in order to destroy deadbolts, locks, and hinges. The standoff that is attached to the end of the barrel allows for positive placement of the gun into the correct position and vents gases to prevent overpressure.

This weapon can also defeat windows and sliding glass doors with a flash bang round. A less lethal 2.4- inch 12-gauge shotgun round firing a ballistic fiber bag filled with 40 grams of lead shot at a velocity of 270-290 feet per second (FPS). iii. MOSSBERG 590 TACTICAL BREACHING SHOTGUN, cost: $375, quantity: 2. This weapon allows for breachers to safely utilize shotgun breaching rounds in order to destroy deadbolts, locks, and hinges. The stand-off that is attached to the end of the barrel allows for positive placement of the gun into the correct position and vents gases to prevent overpressure. This weapon can also defeat windows and sliding glass doors with a flash bang round. A less lethal

2.4- inch 12-gauge shotgun round firing a ballistic fiber bag filled with 40 grams of lead shot at a velocity of 270-290 feet per second (FPS). iv. WINCHESTER 1300 DEFENDER BREACHING SHOTGUN, cost: $500, quantity: 1.

This weapon allows for breachers to safely utilize shotgun breaching rounds in order to destroy deadbolts, locks, and hinges. The stand-off that is attached to the end of the barrel allows for positive placement of the gun into the correct position and vents gases to prevent overpressure. This weapon can also defeat windows and sliding glass doors with a flash bang round. A less lethal

2.4- inch 12-gauge shotgun round firing a ballistic fiber bag filled with 40 grams of lead shot at a velocity of 270-290 feet per second (FPS). 624
v. ROYAL ARMS TESAR-2 BACK CAP 425 GRAIN COPPER FRANGILBE BREACHING ROUND, cost: $5 per round, quantity: 45. The round is fired from a breaching shotgun and is used to destroy deadbolts, locks and hinges. vi. ROYAL ARMS FLASHBANG FB 82 12 GAUGE MUZZLE BLAST FLASH BANG SOFT BREACHING ROUND, cost: $5 per round, quantity: 74. The round is fired from a breaching shotgun and is used as a diversionary round and can be used to break glass.
b. Purpose
To safely gain entry into a structure.
c. Authorized Use
Explosive breaching may only occur after authorization by the Incident Commander or SWAT Commander in the field, and during training exercises. d. Training
All SWAT officers who use explosive breaching tools shall attend 40 hours of explosive breaching instruction and must additionally receive quarterly training for explosive operations.
e. Lifespan
i. Breaching Shotgun- 25 years
ii. Royal Arms Tesar-2 black cap 425 grain copper breaching round- 5 years iii. Royal Arms 12-gauge muzzle blast flash bang soft breaching round- 5 years f. Fiscal impact
Annual maintenance is approximately $50.
g. Legal and Procedural Rules
It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize breaching tools only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law.

6. Mine-Resistant Ambush-Protected (MRAP) vehicle: Commercially produced wheeled armored personnel vehicle utilized for law enforcement purposes. a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost i. The MRAP Maxx Pro cost: approximately $500,000.00, but received from the military at no cost, quantity: 1. The MRAP is an armored vehicle that seats 8 personnel with open floor plan that allows for rescue of down personnel. It can stop various projectiles, which provides greater safety to citizens and officers beyond the protection level of shield and personal body armor. It was painted and outfitted with decals, lights and siren to match the departments police vehicles.
b. Purpose
To be used in response to critical incidents to enhance officer and community safety, improve scene containment and stabilization, and assist in resolving critical incidents. c. Authorized Use
The use of armored vehicles shall only be authorized by a watch commander or SWAT commander, based on the specific circumstances of a given critical incident. Armored vehicles shall be used only by officers trained in their deployment and in a manner consistent with Department policy and training.
d. Lifespan
MRAP Maxx Pro, 25 years.
e. Fiscal Impact
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Annual maintenance cost of approximately $1000.
f. Training
The driver/operator shall receive training in the safe handling of the vehicle on a closed training course. Once the operator has shown competence in vehicle handling, the driver/operator will drive the vehicle throughout the city with an experienced driver.

Driver/operators shall also undergo California Department of Motor Vehicles commercial vehicle testing. Drivers must obtain a Class B driver’s license.

Legal and Procedural Rules
It is the policy of the Department to utilize armored vehicles only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law.

7. S.W.A.T. Command and Storage Vehicle: A vehicle that carries S.W.A.T. Equipment and has large boards for operational planning.
a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost 1976 GMC Value Van, cost: Vehicle was donated to the department (approximate current value is $2500), quantity: 1. The vehicle can also be utilized for SWAT and other critical incidents.
b. Purpose
To be used based for S.W.A.T. training and other critical incidents where S.W.A.T. is needed.
c. Authorized Use
The vehicle used by officers who have been properly trained in the safe handling of the vehicle. The driver of the vehicle shall have a valid California driver license.

Lifespan
The vehicle has a 30-year lifespan on chassis and vehicle structure.

Fiscal Impact
Annual maintenance cost is approximately $500
d. Training
The operator will drive the vehicle throughout the city with an experienced driver, until comfortable driving alone.
e. Legal and Procedural Rules
It is the policy of the Department to use the vehicle only for official law enforcement purposes, and in accordance with California State law regarding the operation of motor vehicles.

MILITARY USE EQUIPMENT

8. 40 MM Launchers and Rounds: 40MM Launchers are utilized by department personnel as a less lethal tool to launch impact munitions.
h. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost each i. DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY, 40MM SINGLE SHOT LAUNCHER, #1425, cost: $1000, ii. quantity: 32. The 40MM Single Launcher is a tactical single shot launcher that features a folding stock and an adjustable Integrated Front Grip (IFG) with light rail. It will fire standard 40mm less lethal ammunition, up to 4.8 inches in cartridge length. It will launch a 40MM less lethal round up to 131 feet and is only authorized to be used by trained personnel.
iii. PENN ARMS, 40MM MULTI-LAUNCHER, #L640-3, cost: $2500, quantity: 2. The 40mm Tactical 6-Shot Launcher is low-profile and lightweight, providing multi626 shot capability in an easy to carry launcher. It features expandable gun stock, and a vertically mounted front grip. It will launch a 40MM less lethal round up to 131 feet and is only authorized to be used by trained personnel. iv. COMBINED TACTICAL SYSTEMS, 40MM DIRECT IMPACT SPONGE, #4557, cost:
$26, quantity: 73. A less lethal 40mm lightweight plastic and foam projectile fired from a single or multi-round purpose built 40mm grenade launcher with a rifled barrel at 260 FPS. The 40mm Exact Impact Sponge Round provides accurate and effective performance when fired from the approved distance of not less than five (5) feet and as far as 50 yards from the target. v. COMBINED TACTICAL SYSTEMS, 40MM DIRECT IMPACT OC, #4556, cost: $33, quantity: 63. A less lethal 40MM lightweight plastic and crushable foam projectile fired from a single or multi-round purpose-built 40mm grenade launcher with a rifled barrel at 320 FPS. The 39-gram crushable foam projectile delivers impact in addition to dispersion of 5 grams of OC irritant. The 40mm Direct Impact OC Round provides accurate and effective performance when fired from the approved distance of not less than five (5) feet and as far as 50 yards from the target.
vi. COMBINED TACTICAL SYSTEMS, 40MM RUBBER-FOAM, SMOKELESS MULTIPROJECTILE, #4551, cost: $27, quantity: 36. This projectile delivers 3 separate, rubber baton pucks with each deployment. It can be fired from a single or multiround purpose built 40mm grenade launcher with a rifled barrel at 350 FPS. The 40mm Rubber-Foam Projectile provides effective performance when skip fired off the ground 3-10 feet in front of the target.
vii. COMBINED TACTICAL SYSTEMS, 40MM ARIAL FLASHBANG PROJECTILE, #4090- 50, cost: $37, quantity: 50. This projectile is a 40MM aerial flash-bang producing an intense bright light and sound reports. Must be fired significantly above a crowd during a riot. Used to determine intent or used to hail or warn approaching individuals, vehicles, or marine vessels. Has an effective range of 50 meters, a sound output of 65-175 db and 6 million Candela light output. i. Purpose
To limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable. j. Authorized Use
Situations for use of the less lethal weapon systems may include, but are not limited to:
i. Self-destructive, dangerous and/or combative individuals. ii. Riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents.
iii. Circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained. iv. Potentially vicious animals.
v. Training exercises or approved demonstrations.
k. Training
Sworn members utilizing 40MM less lethal chemical agents or impact rounds are trained in there use by POST certified less lethal and chemical agents instructors. l. Lifespan
i. Defense Technology #1425 - 25 years.
ii. Penn Arms Multi Launcher #L640-3 - 15 years.
iii. CTS #4557 Exact Impact Sponge- 5 years.
iv. CTS #4556 Direct Impact OC- 5 years.
v. CTS #4551 Rubber Foam, Multi Projectile - 5 years.
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vi. CTS #4090-50 Arial Flashbang – 5 years.
m. Fiscal Impact
Annual maintenance is approximately $50 for each launcher. n. Legal and Procedural Rules
Use is established under Policy Section 307. It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize the 40mm only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law, including those regarding the use of force.

9. Less Lethal Shotgun: Less Lethal Shotgun is used to deploy the less lethal 12-gauge Super-Sock Beanbag Round.
h. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost MOSSBERG 590A1 LESS LETHAL SHOTGUN, cost: $500, quantity: 6. The Less Lethal Shotgun is used to deploy the less lethal 12-gauge Super-Sock Beanbag Round up to a distance of 75 feet. The range of the weapon system helps to maintain space between officers and a suspect reducing the immediacy of the threat which is a principle of De-escalation. i. 12-GAUGE SUPER-SOCK BEANBAG ROUND, cost: $5, quantity: 200. A less lethal 2.4-inch 12-gauge shotgun round firing a ballistic fiber bag filled with 40 grams of lead shot at a velocity of 270-290 feet per second (FPS). CTS SuperSock rounds are discharged from a dedicated 12-gauge shotgun that is distinguishable by an orange butt stock and fore grip. This round provides accurate and effective performance when fired from the approved distance of not fewer than five (5) feet. The maximum effective range of this munition is up to 75 feet from the target. The Model 2581 Super-Sock is in its deployed state immediately upon exiting the barrel. It does not require a minimum range to “unfold” or “stabilize.” The Super-Sock is an aerodynamic projectile.

However, accuracy is relative to the shotgun, barrel length, environmental conditions, and the operator. The Super-Sock is very accurate. However, effectiveness depends on many variables, such as distance, clothing, stature, and the point where the projectile impacts.
ii. CTS 12 GAUGE OC POWDER ROUND, cost: $8, quantity: 200. OC Liquid filled, non-burning, fin-stabilized rounds designed to penetrate light to intermediate barriers such as windows and hollow core doors. The projectiles break upon impact and deliver agent payloads of OC powder throughout the adjacent target area. This round provides accurate and effective performance when fired from the approved distance of not fewer than five (5) feet. The maximum effective range of this munition is up to 50 yards from the target and has a velocity of 650-750 FPS.
i. Purpose
To limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable. j. Authorized Use
Situations for use of the less lethal weapon systems may include, but are not limited to:
i. Self-destructive, dangerous and/or combative individuals. ii. Riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents.
iii. Circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained. iv. Potentially vicious animals.
v. Training exercises or approved demonstrations.
k. Lifespan
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i. Mossberg 590A1 Less Lethal Shotgun- 25 years.
ii. CTS 12-Gauge Super Sock Round- No listed expiration date. iii. CTS 12-gauge OC Powder round, #2440 - 5 years.
l. Fiscal Impact
Annual maintenance is approximately $50 for each shotgun. m. Training
All officers are trained in the 12 gauge less lethal shotgun as a less lethal option by in-service training.

SWAT personnel receive additional training internally when they transfer to the unit.

SWAT operators who utilize these munitions have been through and successfully completed a POST approved gas school and/or trained in house by POST certified chemical agent instructors for muzzle blast training.
n. Legal and Procedural Rules
Use is established under Policy Section 307. It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize the less lethal shotgun only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law, including those regarding the use of force.

10. Chemical Agent and Smoke Canisters: Canisters that contain chemical agents that are released when deployed.
a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost i. COMBINED TACTICAL SYSTEMS, #5230 - CS CANISTER GRENADE, Cost: $28, Quantity: 41. Large diameter burning grenade that discharges a high volume of smoke and chemical agent through multiple emission ports. Specifically for outdoor use and should not be deployed on rooftops, in crawl spaces or indoors due to potential fire hazard. Can be hand thrown or launched. The canister is 6.2 in. by 2.6 in. and has a discharge duration of up to 40 seconds.
ii. COMBINED TACTICAL SYSTEMS, #5210 - WHITE SMOKE CANISTER GRENADE, Cost: $ 26, Quantity: 20.

A large diameter pyrotechnic smoke grenade used for concealment or as a signaling device. The canister is 6.2 in. by 2.6 in. and has a discharge duration of up to 40 seconds.
b. Purpose
To limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable.

Situations for use of the less lethal weapon systems may include, but are not limited to:
vi. Self-destructive, dangerous and/or combative individuals. vii. Riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents.
viii. Circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained. ix. Potentially vicious animals.
x. Training exercises or approved demonstrations.
d. Authorized Use
Only officers who have received POST certification in the use chemical agents are authorized to use chemical agents.
e. Training
Sworn members utilizing chemical agent canisters are certified by POST less lethal and chemical agents instructors.
f. Lifespan
5 years from manufacturing date.
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g. Fiscal Impact
No annual maintenance.
h. Legal and Procedural Rules
Use is established under Policy Section XXX. It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize chemical agents only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law, including those regarding the use of force.

11. Rifles: Guns that are fired from shoulder level, having a long spirally grooved barrel intended to make bullets spin and thereby have greater accuracy over a long distance. b. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost ix. COLT AR-15, M4, ENHANCED PATROL RIFLE, Semi-Automatic, Cost:
$1300, Quantity: 56. The AR-15 rifle and its variants, is a semi-automatic shoulder fired, gas operated weapon. It has a collapsible stock and removable magazine, caliber in .556MM or .223MM.
x. SMITH & WESSON M&P-15, Semi-Automatic, Cost: $1300, Quantity: 8.

The M&P-15 rifle, is a semi-automatic shoulder fired, gas operated weapon. It has a collapsible stock and removable magazine, caliber:
.556MM.
xi. HORNADY TAP URBAN - .223 CALIBER, 55 GRAIN RIFLE ROUND, cost:
$155 per case of 200, quantity: 50 cases. Hornady is reloadable, features match grade brass composite casing. It is polymer tipped, fragmenting with cannelure bullet. It is the optimum round for entry use to mitigate over penetration.
xii. HORNADY CRITICAL DUTY - 9MM LUGER, 135 GRAIN HANDGUN ROUND, cost: $265 per case, quantity: 7000 rounds. This round has a FlexLock design which is an “intelligent bullet” that reacts differently depending on the barrier it encounters, delivering “barrier blind” performance after penetrating urban barriers such as plywood, sheet metal and even auto glass. Bright nickel-plated cases eliminate cartridge case tarnish, and the highly visible silver nickel simplifies chamber checks in reduced light.
xiii. HORNADY TAP RIFLE TRAINING - .223 CALIBER, 55 GRAIN RIFLE ROUND, cost: $200 per case of 500, quantity: 70 cases. Hornady is reloadable, training ammunition that compliments the current TAP duty rounds by delivering comparable, yet economical ammunition for law enforcement training. It delivers reliable functioning, accuracy, and point of aim / point of impact consistency when compared to comparable duty rounds.
xiv. MIWALL 9MM LUGER AUTO 125 Grain TOTAL METAL JACKET PRACTICE AMMUNITION, cost: $137 per case of 500, quantity: 60,000 rounds. This 9mm Luger ammunition is loaded with a 125 grain Total Metal Jacket bullet. The Total Metal Jacket bullet is for range practice and reducing fouling in the barrel. The jacket covers 100% of the lead bullet, preventing bullet expansion and barrel leading. This ammunition is reload-production, non-corrosive, ammo, featuring brass cases, boxer primed and is reloadable.
h. Purpose
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To be used as precision weapons to address a threat with more precision and/or greater distances than a handgun, if present and feasible.
i. Authorized Use
Only members that are POST certified are authorized to use a rifle. j. Lifespan
Colt AR-15 rifle - 20 years.

Smith & Wesson M&P15 rifle -20 years.

Hornady and MIWALL 9MM ammunition - no expiration.

Hornady .223 ammunition - no expiration.
k. Fiscal Impact
Annual maintenance is approximately $50 for each rifle. l. Training
Prior to using a rifle, officers must be certified by POST instructors in the operation of the rifle.

Additionally, all members that operate any rifle are required to pass a range qualification two times a year.
m. Legal and Procedural Rules
Use is established under Policy Section 311. It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize rifles only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law regarding the use of force.

12. Pepper Ball Launcher: A device that discharges irritant projectiles. a. Description, quantity, capabilities, and purchase cost. i. Pepper Ball TAC SF LAUNCHER, cost: $1600, quantity 4. The TAC SF Launcher is a compressed-air powered launcher designed to fire non-lethal Pepper Ball projectiles. The Pepper Ball launcher features a gravity or electronic feed system for optimum versatility.
ii. Pepper Ball LIVE-X PROJECTILE, cost: $290 per 90 projectiles, quantity: 540 rounds. The Live Projectile contains a concentrated amount of PAVA pepper powder. One round of LIVE-X contains the equivalent to 10 Pepper Ball rounds. Discharged from a Pepper Ball Launcher, the projectile has a velocity of 280-350 FPS. The projectile has a direct impact of 60ft and an area of saturation of 150+ft. The projectile contains 2.5% PAVA Powder. b. Purpose
To limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable.

Situations for use of the less lethal weapon systems may include but, are not limited to:
i. Self-destructive, dangerous and/or combative individuals. ii. Riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents.
iii. Circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained. iv. Potentially vicious animals.
v. Training exercises or approved demonstrations.
c. Authorized Use
Only those officers who have been trained in the use of Pepper Ball launchers are authorized to use the Pepper Ball launchers.
d. Training
Sworn members utilizing Pepper Ball launchers and projectiles are trained in there use by POST certified less lethal and chemical agent instructors.
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e. Lifespan
i. Pepper Ball TAC SF Launcher - 15 years
ii. Pepper Ball Live-X Projectile- 3 years
f. Fiscal impact
Annual maintenance is approximately $50 for each Pepper Ball launcher. g. Legal and Procedural Rules
Use is established under Policy Section 307. It is the policy of the WSPD to utilize Pepper Ball only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to State and Federal law, including those regarding the use of force.
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CITY COUNCIL AGENDA REPORT
MEETING DATE: April 9, 2025 ITEM # 13
SUBJECT:

CONSIDERATION OF AN AMENDMENT TO THE CONTRACT FOR FEDERAL

GOVERNMENT RELATIONS AND ADVOCACY SERVICES TO HOLLAND & KNIGHT LLP INITIATED OR REQUESTED BY: REPORT COORDINATED OR PREPARED BY:
[ ] Council [ X ] Staff
[ ] Other
Doug Drozd, Deputy City Manager
City Manager’s Office
ATTACHMENT [ X ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Information [ ] Direction [ X ] Action

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this item is to seek City Council approval of an amendment to the contract for federal government relations and advocacy services to Holland & Knight LLP (Holland & Knight).

RECOMMENDED ACTION
Staff respectfully recommends that the City Council:

1. Approve the contract amendment with Holland & Knight to continue Federal Government Relations and Advocacy Services; and

2. Delegate Authority to the City Manager or his designee to execute an amendment to extend the term of the contract for two (2) years and increase compensation by $414,000; and

3. Authorize the City Manager or his designee to execute non-substantive changes and modifications, with approval from the City Attorney; and

4. Authorize the City Manager or his designee to execute amendments to extend the term of the contract or increase the total contract NTE up to the Council approved budget.

BACKGROUND
The federal government has a large and generally increasing impact on City operations through policy, administration, and the many funding opportunities it provides. Marshaling those federal resources and advocating for City priorities requires close cooperation and coordination with the City’s representatives in Congress, the entire California Congressional delegation, key committees, and dozens of federal agencies.

Historically, the City has utilized the services of a federal lobbyist to work with Council and staff to establish working relationships with elected officials and staff, navigate the federal landscape, secure vital resources, and implement a legislative strategy to advance City priorities, including but not limited to:
 the West Sacramento Flood Control Project;
 the Downtown Riverfront Streetcar/Light Rail Extension;  the Sacramento River Bridge Program;
 Housing and Homelessness;
 Public Safety;
 Broadband Access; and,
 Port of West Sacramento (Port) operations and maintenance.

Since 2007 the City, West Sacramento Area Flood Control Agency (WSAFCA), and Port have been represented in Washington by Holland & Knight. The firm was originally chosen through a competitive selection process in 2007 and was selected again in 2012 when the City issued a second request for proposals (RFP) for federal advocacy services. The 2012 contract was due to expire in December 2021, so staff again released an RFP, conducted a competitive solicitation process, and selected Holland & Knight, executing a new contract with a three-year term and options for three additional one-year contract extensions on November 17, 2021. However, due to a clerical error, the 2021 contract did not authorize staff to expend the additional budget needed to cover the three one-year extensions. In November 2024, staff amended the contract as authorized by Council to extend it one year to November 17, 2025, but only subsequently realized the error in the initial contract has resulted in a situation where the cost of the full year of the contract cannot be paid out under the existing authorized funds.

ANALYSIS
To rectify this problem, the proposed contract amendment, included as Attachment 1, stipulates that Holland & Knight will continue to provide federal government relations and advocacy services to the City on an on-call basis for a three-year term running from November 17, 2024 to November 17, 2027. Base compensation is set at 641
Contract Amendment for Federal Government Relations and Advocacy Services April 9, 2025

$12,500 per month, a $1,000 per month increase to the original contract compensation. The contract contains a clause allowing either party to terminate the agreement for any reason with thirty (30) days' written notice.

Holland & Knight’s current duties include but are not limited to:
 Working with the City Council, City Manager, and other key City staff to identify and establish federal legislative and policy goals, objectives, opportunities, and priorities.  Advocating for the City’s positions on key issues to the White House, federal agencies, and the U.S.

Congress and fostering a positive relationship with those entities.  Maintaining the productive relationship the City holds with its representatives in the House and Senate.  Identifying and monitoring legislation and regulatory processes that may impact the City.  Providing legislative and regulatory lobbying on behalf of the City.  Engaging key officials and stakeholders to support the City’s efforts to secure permits, grants, incentives, and favorable laws and regulations.
 Pursuing greater public funding for the City, including identifying grant opportunities and assisting with grant applications that support key City priorities.
 Coordinating meetings with Members of Congress (House and Senate) and their staffs as well as agency/department leaders to provide the City the opportunity to meet face-to-face with key decisionmakers on pertinent City issues.  Advising on the City’s participation in and relationship with the U.S. Conference of Mayors and National League of Cities as well as other relevant advocacy groups.  Facilitating the establishment of relations between the Mayor/Councilmembers/City staff and federal government officials, including Chairs of key committees and other important decisionmakers.  Assisting with communications and messaging on City priorities.  Providing regular updates on the political landscape in Washington, D.C. to give context and identify opportunities and potential issues.
 Drafting legislation, amendments, and other language, as necessary.  Providing oral and/or written briefing reports for the City Council and City Manager on key issues and legislative/administrative activities.
 Providing the City with a deep roster of policy area experts who can be called on to provide guidance in relevant fields.
 Coordinating and cooperating with other organizations, municipalities, and firms having similar legislative objectives as the City.

Environmental Considerations
Awarding this contract is not considered a project under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), per Public Resources Code Section 21065.

Commission Recommendation
N/A
Strategic Plan Integration
Effective federal advocacy has the potential to advance several items in the Council’s Strategic Plan Policy Agenda by making beneficial federal policy changes and securing federal funding. 642
Contract Amendment for Federal Government Relations and Advocacy Services April 9, 2025

Alternatives
The City Council's primary alternatives are summarized below:

1. Approve the amendment to the agreement with Holland & Knight to provide federal government relations and advocacy services in substantially the form included with this report as Attachment 1 and authorize the City Manager or his designee to execute the amendment.

2. Approve the amendment to the agreement with Holland & Knight subject to Council-directed revisions;

3. Decline to approve the amendment to the agreement with Holland & Knight and direct staff to conduct a new procurement process for federal government relations and advocacy services; or

4. Decline to approve the amendment to the agreement with Holland & Knight and direct staff not to conduct a new procurement process for federal government relations and advocacy services Staff is prepared to implement Alternatives 1 and 2. Staff does not recommend Alternative 3, as the prior competitive bidding process revealed no firms with greater qualifications, proven ability, or strategic approach to achieving the City’s federal advocacy goals. Moreover, the current contract will soon run out of funds which, if not addressed, will cause the City to terminate the existing contract and conduct a new procurement for these services, leaving the City without representation at the federal level. Staff does not recommend Alternative 4, as it is vital to maintain professional representation in Washington, D.C. in order to advance the City’s goals and objectives.

Coordination and Review
This procurement and recommendation were coordinated with the Finance Department.

Budget/Cost Impact
The compensation proposed for this contract is structured as a monthly retainer of $12,500 ($150,000/year), split between City (50%), WSAFCA (40%), and the Port (10%) with the City portion totaling $6,250 ($75,000/year).

The appropriations are included in the budgets adopted by City Council, Port Commission, and the WSAFCA Board for the 2024/25 fiscal year.

ATTACHMENT

1. Proposed Amended Agreement with Holland & Knight LLP 643
Attachment 1
Holland & Knight
CMO21-290 – Federal Government Relations and Advocacy
Expires 11/17/2027
AMENDMENT NO. 2
to the

CONTRACT FOR SERVICES
between the

CITY OF WEST SACRAMENTO
and
HOLLAND & KNIGHT, LLC.

November 17, 2021
This Amendment No. 2 to the Contract for Services between the City of West Sacramento and Holland & Knight, LLC. dated November 17, 2021 is made and entered into this 9th day of April, 2025. Except as expressly amended herein, the November 17, 2021 Contract for Services is in full force and effect.

RECITALS
WHEREAS, the City desires Federal Government Relations and Advocacy services to serve as the City’s primary representative and lobbyist in Washington D.C; and WHEREAS, Holland & Knight has performed these duties at a high standard, has developed institutional knowledge regarding the City’s federal priorities, and has built and maintained relationships with key elected officials, agency representatives, and staff on behalf of the City; and
WHEREAS, the City amended the contract on November 17, 2024 to effectuate a one (1) year extension and increasing total compensation from $414,000 to $450,000; and WHEREAS, the City desires additional time and compensation to continue these services; and
WHEREAS, the City and Consultant desire to amend said contract.

NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS MUTUALLY AGREED by parties hereto to amend said agreement as follows:

I. COMPENSATION:

The compensation as set forth in the Contract for Services dated November 17, 2021, shall be increased by $414,000 for a total not-to-exceed amount of $864,000.

II. TERMS:

The contract term as set forth in the Contract for Services dated November 17, 2021, shall be extended for two additional years and terminate on November 17, 2027.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as the date herein set forth.

CITY OF WEST SACRAMENTO
By:

Amanda Berlin, Assistant City Manager
HOLLAND & KNIGHT, LLC.
644
Attachment 1
Holland & Knight
CMO21-290 – Federal Government Relations and Advocacy
Expires 11/17/2027
By:

Richard Gold, Partner

APPROVED AS TO FORM
By:

Jeffrey Mitchell, City Attorney
ATTEST:

By: ________________________________________________________ Jennifer Cusmir, City Clerk
645

CITY COUNCIL AGENDA REPORT
MEETING DATE: April 9, 2025 ITEM # 14
SUBJECT:

PUBLIC HEARING AND CONSIDERATION OF FIRST READING OF ORDINANCE 24-9 REGARDING AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 17 (ZONING) OF THE MUNICIPAL CODE TO

FACILITATE TINY HOMES ON WHEELS AS LEGAL DWELLINGS
INITIATED OR REQUESTED BY: REPORT COORDINATED OR PREPARED BY:

Daniel Berumen, AICP, Senior Planner
Community Development Department
[ ] Commission [X] Staff
[ ] Other
ATTACHMENT [X] Yes [ ] No [ ] Information [ ] Direction [X] Action

OBJECTIVE
This item is a public hearing regarding proposed amendments to Title 17 (Zoning) of the Municipal Code to accommodate Tiny Homes on Wheels (THoWs) as legal dwellings.

RECOMMENDED ACTION
Staff respectfully recommends that the City Council:

1. Conduct the public hearing regarding the proposed amendments to Title 17 (Zoning) of the Municipal Code to facilitate tiny homes on wheels as legal dwellings; and

2. Find that, pursuant to Section 15305 of the CEQA Guidelines, amendments are categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act pursuant to Title 14, Article 19 of the California Code of Regulations. The project is considered exempt from CEQA pursuant to Section 15305 (a) Minor Alteration to Land Use Limitations because the project consists of adding a new allowable residential housing type which is considered a minor land use change; and

3. Conduct the first reading of Ordinance 24-9, by title and number only, detailing amendments to Title 17 (Zoning) of the Municipal Code to accommodate tiny homes on wheels as legal dwellings.

BACKGROUND
Tiny homes are those that are typically under 399 square feet and are intended to be minimally impactful on the environment. Tiny homes typically range in size depending on the local jurisdictional requirements, may be placed and used on a variety of sites, ranging from the backyards of existing homes to isolated rural settings. A tiny home built on a permanent foundation is currently allowed under Title 17 of the West Sacramento Municipal Code, if it complies with all requirements pertaining to residential construction, such as utility connections and life safety requirements. From a zoning standpoint the mere size of the home is not relevant if it is proposed on a residential parcel. The City already has several “micro-unit” apartments, with floorplans as small as 250-300 square feet.

A variant of tiny homes are those built on a chassis with wheels that can be towed from one location to another.

Tiny homes on a chassis and wheels (THoWs) are legally considered vehicles regulated by the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). THoWs are currently allowed in mobile home parks pursuant to State law that are regulated by HCD (see Figure 1 below). This means that they are not subject to building codes and do not count as housing units toward the City’s housing production goals in the Housing Element of the General Plan, according to HCD. THoWs meet the City’s current definition of a trailer, which is defined as “a vehicle with or without motor power, which is designed or used for hauling materials or vehicles, or for human habitation, office, or storage including camper, recreational vehicle, travel trailer, and mobile home, but not including mobile homes on a permanent foundation.”
646
Figure 1 THoW examples
Trailers are excluded from the definition of a dwelling unit, which is “one or more rooms designed, occupied, or intended for occupancy as separate living quarters, with full cooking, sleeping, and bathroom facilities for the exclusive use of a single household. Excludes tents, cabins, boats, trailers, dormitories, labor camps, hotels, and motels.” This means that a THoW is not considered a legal dwelling unit under the Zoning Code when proposed outside of a RV park, campground, mobile home park, etc. Other communities, such as Santa Cruz County, Placer County, and the City of Oakland, have passed ordinances to accommodate THoWs with varying requirements. THoWs would still be legally classified as vehicles and thus not subject to building codes but would be subject to other land development-related sections of the City’s Municipal Code such as setbacks from property lines, front yard paving, etc. It’s unclear if THoWs would count toward the City’s housing obligations as provided for in the Housing Element of the General Plan.

On November 15, 2023, staff conducted a public workshop with the City Council to get further direction on proposed amendments to Title 17 (Zoning) of the Municipal Code on THoW as legal dwellings. Staff provided a presentation, and public comment was taken as part of the workshop.

The item was previously continued at the August 15, 2024, Planning Commission Public Hearing. On October 17, 2024, the Planning Commission conducted a public hearing. After the public hearing, the Planning Commission voted to approve the item via a 3-2 vote. Since this is an ordinance, this item does require two readings with the City Council.

ANALYSIS
Based on feedback and direction from the public workshop on November 15, 2023, it was City Council’s recommendation to allow THoWs as both primary dwelling units and Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) on residential lots. Since tiny homes as ADUs are already sufficiently addressed, staff has focused on how existing regulations might be revised to accommodate THoWs as primary dwelling units. The critical issues for THoWs revolve around how to address basic health and public safety considerations; sewage connections/disposal, electric power/natural gas provision, and potable water. Impact fees would still be assessed contingent on the type of dwelling unit that is applied for. The City would still require typical development standards such as connections to City utilities, an improved building pad, paved parking, and would adopt similar design standards for traditional single-family homes and ADUs. The proposed amended regulations would be found in section

17.08.020 of the Municipal Code (see below):
647

17.08.020 Land Use Regulations-Residential Zones (excerpt) "P" = Permitted use "C" = Conditional Use Permit required "M" = Minor Use Permit required "-" Use not allowed
Use
Classificat
ion RE RRA R-1 R-2 R-2.5 R-3
Additional
Regulations
Residential Uses
Residential
Housing
Types
See subclassifications below
Single-Unit
Dwelling,
Detached

P P P P M C
Single-Unit
Dwelling,
Attached
- - P P P M
Two-Unit
Dwelling
- - - P P C
Multi-Unit
Residential
- - - P P P
Accessory
Dwelling
Unit
P P P P P P See §17.30.040,
Accessory
Dwelling Units
Tiny Home
on Wheels
P P P P P - See 17.08.040E

17.08.040 Supplemental Regulations
E. Tiny Homes on Wheels. Tiny Homes on Wheels (THoW) may be deployed as a primary dwelling unit or as an Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU). THoWs used as primary dwelling units are subject to the site development standards in the underlying zoning district. THoWs used as ADUs are subject to those standards contained within 17.30.040 (Accessory Dwelling Units). All THoWs regardless of primary or accessory status are also subject to:

1. Public Utilities. THoWs shall be connected to the City water and sewer systems or on an approved well and/or septic system where City services are not available.

2. Administrative Approval. A proposed THoW must receive administrative approval from the Community Development Department prior to being transported to the project site. Fees for said approval shall be per the adopted fee schedule contained within the Book of Fees and applied proportionally.

3. Maximum Floor Area. The maximum square footage of habitable floor space for a THoW shall be 399 square feet including loft areas (if any).

4. Address. THoWs shall obtain a separate address with issuance of an electrical permit.

5. Qualifying Features. THoWs shall include a bathroom, kitchen, and a sleeping area.

6. Certification. THoWs shall comply with standards set forth in California Health and Safety Code 18027.3 (i.e., ANSI 119.5 and NFPA 1192). A THoW shall be certified by a recognized national certification body as complying with these standards and a certified label shall be placed on the tiny homes on wheels to demonstrate compliance.

7. One Story. THoWs are limited to one story. Lofts up to 48” in height do not constitute a second story.

8. Screened Undercarriage. A THoW’s undercarriage, including wheels, axles, tongue, and hitch, shall be concealed from view from adjacent grade level streets and adjacent residentially zoned properties.

9. Egress. THoWs shall have a minimum of two means of egress, one of which shall be the main entrance 648
and one of which shall be in each sleeping area (may be a window with appropriate dimensions to allow for emergency access).

10. Appearance & Design. THoW shall resemble conventional residential structure rather than a recreational vehicle. This shall be done by incorporating design features and materials typically used for houses (e.g., siding, roofing, pitched roofs, eaves, residential windows, etc.). THoWs shall be mounted on a wheeled trailer chassis and designed and built to look like a conventional residential structure, using conventional building materials, and is thus architecturally distinct from traditional mobile homes and recreational vehicles. See example below:

11. Living Area Extensions. The roof and all exterior walls shall not be fixed with slide-outs, tip-outs, or other forms of mechanically articulating room area extensions.

12. Energy. THoWs shall incorporate an electrical subpanel and connect to the power grid. Building permits will be required.

13. Mechanical Equipment. All mechanical equipment shall be incorporated into the structure other than solar energy panels or collectors.

14. Tie Down. A THoW shall be tied down with anchors or otherwise stabilized as designed by the manufacturer.

15. Porches and Decks. Structures such as porches, decks, sheds, and gazebos shall be designed to detach from the tiny homes on wheels. Uncovered porches or decks less than thirty (30) inches in height and less than two hundred (200) square feet do not require building permits. Permanent roofed structures and other accessory structures shall meet the requirements of Section 17.22.020.

16. Wind Loads. A THoW shall be constructed to withstand minimum wind loads for the proposed parking location.

17. Parking Pad. The wheels shall be skirted or removed and shall sit with leveling or support jacks on a paved durable surface designed in accordance with Title 17 (Zoning) of the WSMC.

18. Parking. THoWs shall not require additional parking when proposed as an ADU.

19. Pedestrian Access. An all-weather surface pedestrian path from the street frontage to the main entrance of the tiny homes on wheels shall be provided.

20. Emergency and Rescue Openings. All THoWs shall have emergency escape and rescue openings sufficient to ensure emergency escape, including a means of escape, if not an exterior passage door, from each sleeping space that provides an opening of sufficient size to permit the unobstructed passage, with its major axis parallel to the plane of the opening and horizontal at all times, of an ellipsoid generated 649 by rotating about the minor axis an ellipse having a major axis of 24 in. (610 mm) and a minor axis of 17 in. (432 mm).

17.51.020 Definitions
Tiny Home on Wheels. A vehicle intended for human habitation as a dwelling unit that is built on a chassis and complies with National Highway Traffic Safety Administration regulations (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards - Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations). They must also comply with the National Fire Protection Association 1192 RV Standard as may be amended. Tiny Homes on Wheels are typically less than 399 square feet of floor area.

Trailer. A vehicle with or without motor power, which is designed or used for hauling materials or vehicles, or for human habitation, office, or storage including camper, recreational vehicle, travel trailer, and mobile home, but excluding mobile homes on a permanent foundation and Tiny Homes on Wheels when used as a primary dwelling unit and/or accessory dwelling unit.

Administrative Approval
THoWs shall be required to undergo administrative approval to demonstrate compliance with the standards described in the supplemental regulations, and is subject to applicable fees and charges, and shall be reviewed by the Planning Division and approved by Community Development Director or their designee.

Environmental Considerations
The project is considered exempt from CEQA pursuant to Section §15305 (a) Minor Alteration to Land Use Limitations because the project consists of adding a new allowable residential housing type in zones that already permit residential uses by right. This is considered a minor land use change.

Strategic Plan Integration
This proposed code updates advance the 2023 Policy Agenda strategic principal Housing & Homelessness:
provide housing options for everyone and services for the most vulnerable members of society.

Alternatives
The City Council’s primary alternatives to the recommended action are summarized below.

1. Conduct the public hearing and recommend denial for reasons provided by the Council.

2. Continue the item to a future date and request additional information be provided at that time.

Alternative 1 is not recommended given Council’s direction. Staff is prepared to effectuate Alternative 2 at the Council’s direction.

Coordination and Review
The project was coordinated with staff from the City Attorney’s Office, Community Development Department, and the Economic Development & Housing Department.

Budget/Cost Impact
There is minimal budget impact associated with the recommended actions. Costs associated with the administrative approval of the Tiny Homes on Wheels will be included in the book of fees.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Resolution 24-5PC

2. Draft Ordinance 24-9

3. Draft Administrative Approval Application

4. Draft THoW Permitting Flowchart
650
RESOLUTION 24-5PC

A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION

OF THE CITY OF WEST SACRAMENTO
RECOMMENDING APPROVAL AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 17 (ZONING) OF

THE MUNICIPAL CODE TO FACILITATE TINY HOMES ON WHEELS AS

LEGAL DWELLINGS
WHEREAS, Tiny homes on a chassis and wheels (THoWs) are legally considered vehicles regulated by the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV); and WHEREAS, THoWs are intended for human habitation as a dwelling unit and are typically less than 400 square feet of floor area; and
WHEREAS, THoWs are currently allowed in mobile home parks pursuant to State law that are regulated by Housing and Community Development (HCD); and WHEREAS, THoWs would still be legally classified as vehicles and thus not subject to building codes but would be subject to other land development-related sections of the City’s Municipal Code; and
WHEREAS, On November 15, 2023, staff conducted a public workshop with the City Council to get further direction on proposed amendments to Title 17 (Zoning) of the Municipal Code on THoW as legal dwellings. Staff provided a presentation, and public comment was taken as part of the workshop; and
WHEREAS, City Council’s recommendation following the workshop was to allow THoWs as both primary dwelling units and Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) on residential lots; and
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Planning Commission:

Adopt Resolution 24-5PC, thereby recommending the City Council approve Ordinance 24-9, detailing amendments to Title 17 (Zoning) of the Municipal Code to accommodate tiny homes on wheels as legal dwellings.

PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Planning Commission of the City of West Sacramento this 17
th of October 2024, by the following vote:

AYES: Olivarez, Squires, Linker
NOES: Sablan, Wong
ABSTAIN:

ABSENT: Delgado, Jackson
Dolores Olivarez, Planning Commission Vice
Chairperson
Docusign Envelope ID: 2559991F-A3DF-4C5B-8A86-3958931449BA 651
ATTEST:

Seamus Laffey, AICP, Secretary
Docusign Envelope ID: 2559991F-A3DF-4C5B-8A86-3958931449BA 652
ORDINANCE NO. 24-9

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF WEST SACRAMENTO AMENDING TITLE 17 (ZONING) OF THE MUNICIPAL CODE PERTAINING TO TINY HOMES

ON WHEELS
The City Council of the City of West Sacramento does ordain as follows:

Section 1. Purpose. The purpose of this Ordinance is to make various amendments to the Zoning Code pertaining to Tiny Homes on Wheels.

Section 2. Authority. The City Council enacts this Ordinance in accordance with the authority granted to cities by State law.

Section 3. Amendment. The following sections of the West Sacramento Municipal Code are hereby amended to read as follows:

17.08.020 Land Use Regulations-Residential Zones (excerpt) "P" = Permitted use "C" = Conditional Use Permit required "M" = Minor Use Permit required "-" Use not allowed
Use Classification RE RRA R-1 R-2 R-2.5 R-3 Additional Regulations Residential Uses
Residential Housing Types See subclassifications below
Single-Unit Dwelling,
Detached

P P P P M C
Single-Unit Dwelling, Attached - - P P P M
Two-Unit Dwelling - - - P P C
Multi-Unit Residential - - - P P P
Accessory Dwelling Unit P P P P P P See §17.30.040, Accessory Dwelling Units
Tiny Home on Wheels P P P P P - See 17.08.040E

17.08.040 Supplemental Regulations
E. Tiny Homes on Wheels. Tiny Homes on Wheels (THoW) may be deployed as a primary dwelling unit or as an Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU). THoWs used as primary dwelling units are subject to the site development standards in the underlying zoning district.

THoWs used as ADUs are subject to those standards contained within 17.30.040 (Accessory Dwelling Units). All THoWs regardless of primary or accessory status are also subject to:

1. Public Utilities. THoWs shall be connected to the City water and sewer systems or on an approved well and/or septic system where City services are not available.

2. Administrative Approval. A proposed THoW must receive administrative approval from the Community Development Department prior to being transported to the project site.

Fees for said approval shall be per the adopted fee schedule contained within the Book of Fees and applied proportionally.

3. Maximum Floor Area. The maximum square footage of habitable floor space for a THoW shall be 399 square feet including loft areas (if any).

4. Address. THoWs shall obtain a separate address with issuance of an electrical permit. 653
Draft Ordinance 24-9
THoWs
2 5. Qualifying Features. THoWs shall include a bathroom, kitchen, and a sleeping area.

6. Certification. THoWs shall comply with standards set forth in California Health and Safety Code 18027.3 (i.e., ANSI 119.5 and NFPA 1192). A THoW shall be certified by a recognized national certification body as complying with these standards and a certified label shall be placed on the tiny homes on wheels to demonstrate compliance.

7. One Story. THoWs are limited to one story. Lofts up to 48” in height do not constitute a second story.

8. Screened Undercarriage. A THoW’s undercarriage, including wheels, axles, tongue, and hitch, shall be concealed from view from adjacent grade level streets and adjacent residentially zoned properties.

9. Egress. THoWs shall have a minimum of two means of egress, one of which shall be the main entrance and one of which shall be in each sleeping area (may be a window with appropriate dimensions).

10. Appearance & Design. THoW shall resemble conventional residential structure rather than a recreational vehicle. This shall be done by incorporating design features and materials typically used for houses (e.g., siding, roofing, pitched roofs, eaves, residential windows, etc.). THoWs shall be mounted on a wheeled trailer chassis and designed and built to look like a conventional residential structure, using conventional building materials, and is thus architecturally distinct from traditional mobile homes and recreational vehicles.

See example below:

11. Living Area Extensions. The roof and all exterior walls shall not be fixed with slide-outs, tip-outs, or other forms of mechanically articulating room area extensions.

12. Energy. THoWs shall incorporate an electrical subpanel and connected to the power grid.

Building permits will be required.

13. Mechanical Equipment. All mechanical equipment shall be incorporated into the structure other than solar energy panels or collectors.

14. Tie Down. A THoW shall be tied down with anchors or otherwise stabilized as designed by the manufacturer.

15. Porches and Decks. Structures such as porches, decks, sheds, and gazebos shall be designed to detach from the tiny homes on wheels. Uncovered porches or decks less than thirty (30) inches in height and less than two hundred (200) square feet do not require 654
Draft Ordinance 24-9
THoWs
3 building permits. Permanent roofed structures and other accessory structures shall meet the requirements of Section 17.22.020.

16. Wind Loads. A THoW shall be constructed to withstand minimum wind loads for the proposed parking location.

17. Parking Pad. The wheels shall be skirted or removed and shall sit with leveling or support jacks on a paved durable surface designed in accordance with Title 17 (Zoning) of the WSMC.

18. Parking. THoWs shall not require additional parking when proposed as an ADU.

19. Pedestrian Access. An all-weather surface pedestrian path from the street frontage to the main entrance of the tiny homes on wheels shall be provided.

20. Emergency and Rescue Openings. All THoWs shall have emergency escape and rescue openings sufficient to ensure emergency escape, including a means of escape, if not an exterior passage door, from each sleeping space that provides an opening of sufficient size to permit the unobstructed passage, with its major axis parallel to the plane of the opening and horizontal at all times, of an ellipsoid generated by rotating about the minor axis an ellipse having a major axis of 24 in. (610 mm) and a minor axis of 17 in. (432 mm).

17.51.020 Definitions
Tiny Home on Wheels. A vehicle intended for human habitation as a dwelling unit that is built on a chassis and complies with National Highway Traffic Safety Administration regulations (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards - Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations). They must also comply with the National Fire Protection Association 1192 RV Standard as may be amended. Tiny Homes on Wheels are typically less than 400 square feet of floor area.

Trailer. A vehicle with or without motor power, which is designed or used for hauling materials or vehicles, or for human habitation, office, or storage including camper, recreational vehicle, travel trailer, and mobile home, but excluding mobile homes on a permanent foundation and Tiny Homes on Wheels when used as a primary dwelling unit and/or accessory dwelling unit.

Section 5. Severability Clause. If any section, subsection, paragraph, sentence, clause or phrase of this Ordinance for any reason shall be held to be invalid or unconstitutional, the decision shall not affect the remaining portions of the Ordinance. The Council of the City of West Sacramento hereby declares that it would have passed this Ordinance and each article, section, subsection, paragraph, sentence, clause or phrase which is a part thereof, irrespective of the fact that any one or more articles, sections, subsections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses or phrases are declared to be invalid or unconstitutional.

Section 6. Effective Date and Publication. This Ordinance shall take effect 30 days after its adoption, and pursuant to Resolution 99-46, published in summary format prior to adoption and within 15 days after adoption in a newspaper of general circulation published and circulated within the City of West Sacramento.

Section 7. CEQA. Class 5 Categorical Exemption has been prepared for this ordinance in compliance with the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act.

PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of West Sacramento on this ____ day of _____________, 2025, by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSENT:
655
Draft Ordinance 24-9
THoWs
4 Martha Guerrero, Mayor
ATTEST: Approved as to form:
_________________________ ___________________________
Jennifer Cusmir, City Clerk Jeffrey Mitchell, City Attorney CODIFY X__ UNCODIFY ____
656
1 Department of Community Development
Planning Division
1110 West Capitol Avenue
West Sacramento, CA 95691
(916) 617-4645
www.cityofwestsacramento.org
TINY HOME ON WHEELS (THoW)

ADMINISTRATIVE APPROVAL APPLICATION FORM
Project Street Address:
_______________________________________
Assessor’s Parcel Number (APN):
________________________________________
Parcel Zoning Designation:
_______________________________________
_
Parcel Size (sq ft):
________________________________________
Property Owner Name:
_______________________________________
_
Project Applicant Name:
________________________________________
Property Owner Email:
_______________________________________
_
Project Applicant Email:
________________________________________
Property Owner Phone:
_______________________________________
_
Project Applicant Phone:
________________________________________

LAND USE INFORMATION
Unit Type Existing Number Proposed Number
Primary Dwelling Unit
Accessory Dwelling Unit

REQUIRED SUBMITTAL DOCUMENTS
Completed Administrative Approval and
Checklist □
Property Site Plan
(including setbacks from
property lines and other
structures) □
Proposed Site Plan with THoW (including
setbacks from property lines and other
structures) □
Manufacturer Specifications □
Documented compliance
with California Health and
Safety Code 18027.3 (i.e.,
ANSI 119.5 and NFPA
1192) □
Building Permit Application Forms for Electrical
and Plumbing Permit □
657
2 TINY HOME ON WHEELS CHECKLIST
YES NO

1. Will the THoW be connected to the City water and sewer systems or on an approved well and/or septic system where City services are not available? □ □

2. Will the maximum of the unit be no more than 399 square feet? □ □

3. Will you obtain a separate address with issuance of an electrical permit? □ □

4. Will the THoW comply with standards set forth in California Health and Safety Code 18027.3 (i.e., ANSI 119.5 and NFPA 1192)? If so, please provide evidence of compliance with this standard as a separate document along with this application. □ □

5. Is the THoW a one-story structure? □ □

6. Will the THoW’s undercarriage, including wheels, axles, tongue, and hitch, be concealed from view from adjacent grade level streets and adjacent residentially zoned properties? □ □

7. Will the THoW have a minimum of two means of egress, one of which shall be the main entrance and one of which shall be in each sleeping area? □ □

8. Will the THoW resemble conventional residential structure rather than a recreational vehicle? □ □

9. Will the THoW incorporate an electrical subpanel and connected to the power grid. Building permits will be required. □ □

10. Will all mechanical equipment be incorporated onto the structure other than solar energy panels or collectors. □ □

11. Will the THoW shall be tied down with anchors or otherwise stabilized as designed by the manufacturer? □ □

12. Will the THoW be constructed to withstand minimum wind loads for the proposed parking location? □ □

13. Will the wheels be skirted or removed and shall sit with leveling or support jacks on a paved durable surface designed in accordance with the West Sacramento Municipal Code? □ □

14. Will an all-weather surface pedestrian path from the street frontage to the main entrance of the tiny homes on wheels shall be provided? □ □

15. Will a paved parking space(s) be provided on-site according to the West Sacramento Municipal Code? □ □

16. Will an all-weather surface pedestrian path from the street frontage to the main entrance of the tiny homes on wheels shall be provided? □ □

17. Does the THoW meet development standards (i.e. setbacks, height limitations, etc.) for the residential zone? □ □
Statement of Justification
If you answered “NO” to any of the above questions, please provide your justification:
________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 658
3 OWNER’S AFFIDAVIT
Under penalty of perjury the following declarations are made:
a) The undersigned is the owner/applicant of the property that is the subject of this application. b) The information presented is true and correct to the best of my knowledge. c) I acknowledge that additional information or applications may be required prior to a decision on this application.

Signature Date Name (Printed)
Relationship to Project
(i.e. Owner, Architect, etc.)
Phone Email
APPLICANT’S AFFIDAVIT
Under penalty of perjury the following declarations are made:
a) The undersigned is the owner or authorized agent of the owner of this property. b) The information presented is true and correct to the best of my knowledge. c) I acknowledge that additional information or applications may be required prior to a decision on this application.
d) I hereby authorize City of West Sacramento Planning staff to conduct a site visit of this property as part of the City’s review of this application, making all portions of the interior and exterior accessible through completion of construction and in response to the monitoring of any condition of approval.

Signature Date Name (Printed)
Relationship to Project
(i.e. Owner, Architect, etc.)
Phone Email
For Department Use Only
Planner: Date Received: Project Number: Fee Paid:

General Plan Designation: Zoning: Permits Plus File Number: Work Order Number:
659
DRAFT Process Flowchart:

Tiny Home on Wheels (THoW) Application
Application
Review
Step Two
Once application has been deemed complete,
staff routes to reviewing agencies and
departments for compliance review and
comment. As THoWs are by-right, public
notification will not be required.

Step Five Step Four
Step Three
Administrative
Approval Letter
Once all reviews have been completed
and any revisions are approved, a
Administrative Approval Letter is issued,
and the applicant may continue to the
permit process.

Permitting
Process
Application
Submittal
Step One
Applicant provides full application
package to the Planning Division of the
Community Development Department.

All required site improvements, such as grading,
driveway, concrete pad for THoW, utility connections
are constructed and inspected. Once the site
passes the final engineering inspection, the THoW
may be located on the pad.

Applicant submits plans to the Building Division of the Community Development Department electronically. Plans shall include proposed utility connections (e.g., electrical, sewer, water) and engineering (e.g., grading, onsite, encroachment) designs as required.

All fees, including but not limited to, impact, plan review, connection and inspection, are due prior to issuance of permits.

Construction and
Inspection
Step Six
After the THoW is placed on the pad, the final electrical and utility connections are connected to the THoW. Once these connections have passed the final inspection, the unit may be occupied.

Final Connections
and Occupancy
660

CITY COUNCIL AGENDA REPORT
MEETING DATE: April 9, 2025 ITEM # 15
SUBJECT:

PUBLIC HEARING AND CONSIDERATION OF FIRST READING OF ORDINANCE 25-6 REGARDING AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 17 (ZONING) OF THE MUNICIPAL CODE TO

ENHANCE PUBLIC NOTICING, AWARENESS AND PARTICIPATION IN THE REVIEW OF

LARGE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
INITIATED OR REQUESTED BY: REPORT COORDINATED OR PREPARED BY:

Andrea Ouse, AICP, Director
Community Development Department
[ ] Commission [X] Staff
[ ] Other
ATTACHMENT [X] Yes [ ] No [ ] Information [ ] Direction [X] Action

OBJECTIVE
This item is a public hearing regarding proposed amendments to Chapter 17.35 of the Municipal Code to promote greater public awareness and involvement in the review of large development projects through enhanced noticing, accessibility, and participation procedures.

RECOMMENDED ACTION
Staff respectfully recommends that the City Council:

1. Conduct the public hearing regarding the proposed amendments to Chapter 17.35 of the Municipal Code to establish enhanced procedures for the review of large development projects;

2. Find that the proposed ordinance is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) under Section 15061(b)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines as there is no possibility the activity may have a significant effect on the environment; and

3. Conduct the first reading of Ordinance 25-6, by title and number only, amending Chapter 17.35 of the Municipal Code to improve the public review process for large development projects.

BACKGROUND
In recent years, West Sacramento has experienced an increase in applications for large-scale private development projects. Due to their size and potential to significantly affect surrounding neighborhoods and the broader community, these projects benefit from heightened transparency and community engagement.

The City’s existing noticing requirements and procedures were not originally designed with these larger, more impactful projects in mind. In response to community input and the desire to foster a more citizen-friendly public input environment, the City has proposed this ordinance to expand notification boundaries, increase transparency around project materials, and strengthen opportunities for residents to provide input earlier and more meaningfully in the process.

These changes reflect the City Council’s commitment to accessibility, transparency, and inclusive community engagement. The preparation of the proposed Ordinance was the result of City staff collaborating with long-time resident Kimber B. Goddard. The draft ordinance is consistent with provisions negotiated in the Yarbrough settlement agreement and supports the City’s broader goals of equitable and transparent planning practices.

ANALYSIS
The ordinance would add Section 17.35.075 to the Zoning Code to define a new category of projects called “Large Development Projects” and establish enhanced procedures for public noticing and review. Key provisions include:
 Expanded Notification Radius: For required public workshops and hearings, notices will be mailed to all property owners within 1/4 mile of the project boundary.  Early and Accessible Engagement: Public workshops will be required prior to Planning Commission or City Council action and held in locations close to the project site.  Transparency in Materials: Agenda reports and supporting materials must be posted to the City website at least one week in advance. Staff reports over 200 pages must include a table of contents for clarity. 661
 Procedural Enhancements: Hearings will be prioritized earlier on the agenda and will feature longer public comment periods (minimum three minutes per speaker) with provisions for extending the meeting past 11:00 p.m. by vote.
 Citywide Application: The ordinance applies to all new applications for large development projects, defined as private development involving over 500 residential units and requiring discretionary approval (as defined) from the Planning Commission or City Council.

These enhancements ensure that the public has more time, notice, and opportunities to participate in decisions that affect the future shape of the City.

Environmental Considerations
The proposed ordinance is exempt from CEQA under Section 15061(b)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines. The project involves process improvements only and does not have the potential for a significant impact on the environment.

Strategic Plan Integration
This ordinance advances the City Council’s strategic principles related to Community Engagement and Smart Growth by fostering transparent governance and improving public participation in significant land use decisions.

Alternatives
The City Council’s primary alternatives to the recommended action are summarized below:

1. Conduct the public hearing and recommend denial for reasons provided by the Council.

2. Continue the item to a future date and request additional information be provided at that time.

Alternative 1 is not recommended given Council’s direction. Staff is prepared to effectuate Alternative 2 at the Council’s direction.

Coordination and Review
The project was coordinated with staff from the City Attorney’s Office and Community Development Department.

Budget/Cost Impact
There is minimal budget impact associated with the recommended actions. Costs associated with the enhanced notification and staff time will be borne by the applicant.

ATTACHMENT

1. Draft Ordinance 25-6
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4903-9786-4488.1 007203.016
ORDINANCE 25-06

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE
CITY OF WEST SACRAMENTO AMENDING CHAPTER 17.35 OF THE CITY OF WEST SACRAMENTO MUNICIPAL CODE TO ADD SECTION 17.35.075 RELATED TO

PROCESSING LARGE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT APPLICATIONS
WHEREAS, the City of West Sacramento is, and shall be known as, a respectful and citizen-friendly public input environment; and
WHEREAS, public participation and involvement shall be fostered and encouraged at all levels of City government; and
WHEREAS, consistent with this citizen-friendly, public input environment of accessibility and transparency, specific and focused efforts shall be made by the Planning Commission and City Council to encourage public participation in the process by which large development projects are reviewed; and
WHEREAS, large development projects have, by nature of their size, the potential for greater impacts on the lives of City residents.

NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF WEST SACRAMENTO DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:

Section 1. Purpose and Authority. The purpose of this Ordinance is to amend Chapter 17.35 of the City of West Sacramento Municipal Code to promote greater public awareness of, and participation in, the process for reviewing Large Development Projects. The Ordinance is enacted in accordance with the authority granted to cities by State law.

Section 2. Enactment. Section 17.35.075 is hereby added to the City of West Sacramento Municipal Code, to read as follows:

17.35.075 Enhanced Procedures For Large Development Projects A. Applicability. In recognition of the greater potential for impact on residents of the city posed by Large Development Projects, enhancements to the standard processes by which public input is solicited are appropriate. The following process enhancements shall apply to the review of applications filed after the effective date of this Ordinance for Large Development Projects seeking a Discretionary Approval and, to the extent the processes set forth in this Section 17.35.075 conflict with the processes otherwise required by the West Sacramento Municipal Code (including without limitations set forth in Title 16 and Title 17), these processes shall control. Conversely, all provisions of the Municipal Code not in conflict with this Section shall apply to the processing of Large Development Projects.
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B. Definitions.

1. “Discretionary Approval” means the approval by the Planning Commission or City Council of any of the following land use entitlements for a Large Development Project:
(i) General Plan amendment.
(ii) Specific Plan or Specific Plan amendment.
(iii) Southport Framework Plan amendment.
(iv) Zoning amendment.
(v) For multi-phased Large Development Projects, Discretionary Approval also applies to subsequent project phases if approval of any of items in subsection (i) through (iv) is required.

2. “Large Development Project” means a private development project meeting the following criteria:
(i) The project as a whole will involve the construction of more than 500 residential units; and
(ii) The project requires a Discretionary Approval by the Planning Commission and/or the City Council.

3. “Public Hearing” means a public meeting at which the Planning Commission or City Council will consider for approval a Discretionary Approval for a Large Development Project for which a noticed public hearing is required by Title 16 or Title 17 of the West Sacramento Municipal Code.

4. “Public Workshop” means a public meeting at which a Large Development Project is presented to the public for discussion. Public Workshops will not occur in concurrence with meetings of the City Council or other City boards or commissions.

C. Expanded Public Notice for Workshops and Hearings.

1. Mailed Notice – Radius. For Large Development Projects, any required mailed notice will be provided to all property owners within one-quarter mile of the boundaries of the project.

2. Mailed Notice – Timing of Notice. Notices will be mailed at least 20 days prior to the Public Workshop or Public Hearing for a Discretionary Approval for a Large Development Project.

D. Agenda Reports and Supporting Materials at Workshops and Hearings.

1. Posting to City Website. Agenda reports and supporting materials will be posted to the City's web site at least one week prior to the Public Workshop 664
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or Public Hearing for a Discretionary Approval for a Large Development Project.

2. Staff Reports. Staff reports for Large Development Projects that require a Discretionary Approval are over 200 pages (inclusive of attachments and exhibits), will include a list of attachments and exhibits at the end of the staff report.

E. Hearing Process Enhancements.

1. Placement of Hearing on Agenda. Public Hearings for Discretionary Approvals for Large Development Projects will be the first public hearing item discussed at the meeting, after administrative matters (e.g. Call to Order, Pledge of Allegiance, Land Acknowledgement, Presentations, Public Comment on items not on the agenda).

2. Time Limits for Public Testimony. Although the presiding officer retains discretion, members of the public wishing to speak at a Public Hearing on a Discretionary Approval for a Large Development Project shall generally be given at least three minutes to speak.

3. Extension of Hearing Past 11:00 P.M. Public Hearings for Discretionary Approvals for Large Development Projects will conclude for that meeting at 11:00 p.m. unless a majority of the Planning Commission or City Council (as appropriate) votes to extend that time.

4. City Council Appeal Hearings. The provisions of this section E shall also apply to City Council Appeal Hearings on any appeal of a final decision by the Planning Commission, regardless of whether the appeal involves a Discretionary Approval for a Large Development Project.

F. Additional Procedures for Public Workshops.

1. Location. Public Workshops for Large Development Projects should be held in a facility as close to the project site as practicable, and where the public can engage at length with staff and the applicant/applicant team.

2. Timing. Public Workshops for Large Development Projects should be held early in the permitting process cycle, generally after a complete application has been received, but well before Discretionary Approvals are presented to the Planning Commission or City Council for consideration.

G. For projects where State law limits the number of public meetings or the length of time the City is allowed to process an application, such as SB 330, the City retains the discretion to allocate those meetings as it deems best including, if necessary to comply with State law, dispensing with the Project Workshops. Where practicable however, every effort will be made to include a Public Workshop as one of the allowable meetings under this provision.

Section 3. Severability. If any provision of this chapter, or the application of any such provision to any person or circumstance shall be held invalid, the remainder of this chapter, to the extent 665
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it can be given effect, or the application of those provisions to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby, and to this end the provisions of this chapter are severable.

Section 4. Effective Date and Publication. This ordinance shall take effect thirty (30) days after its adoption, and, pursuant to Resolution 99-46 was published in summary format prior to adoption, and a summary will be published within fifteen (15) days after adoption in a paper of general circulation published and circulated within the City of West Sacramento.

PASSED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of West Sacramento this ____ day of __________, 2025, by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSENT:

ABSTAIN:

Martha Guerrero, Mayor
ATTEST: Approved as to form:

Jennifer Cusmir, City Clerk Jeffrey Mitchell, City Attorney CODIFY UNCODIFY __________
666
1 From: Sulpizio Hull, Verna <[email protected]> Sent: Tuesday, April 1, 2025 2:58 PM
To: Laurel, Aaron <[email protected]>; Drozd, Doug <[email protected]>; Hosley, Paul <[email protected]>
Subject: Future Item Request: Proclamation for International Firefighters' Day Good afternoon team:

I'd like Council to present a proclamation at our April 30 meeting recognizing May 4 as International Firefighters’ Day. Please add under future item requests for our meeting next week.

Paul, I'm working to get draft language for you.

Thank you.

VERNA SULPIZIO HULL
Mayor Pro Tem
1110 West Capitol Avenue, 3rd Floor
West Sacramento, CA 95691
Message line: (916) 617-4500
[email protected]
ITEM # 17(E)
667
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