Lisa Wise Consulting, Inc. | City of Woodland 6th Cycle Housing Element Update | 2 The City prepared a public meeting notice in English and Spanish that was published on the City’s website and distributed via mail and email (if known) to 212 individuals including the Planning Commission, City Council, all individuals identified for the focus groups, any additional interested parties, and all property owners of sites identified in the sites inventory. (see below).
The meeting was recorded and posted on the City’s Housing Element Update webpage (https://www.cityofwoodland.org/1296/Housing-Element-Update-2021) so it may be viewed at any time. Also, the presentation was posted on the same webpage prior to the meeting. The City’s project contact information was included in the presentation to facilitate additional comments or questions being provided at any time via phone or email.
Summary of Comments
The following is a summary of questions and discussion during the public meeting. • The City is currently underway in annexing land for Woodland Research & Technology Park, which will have varying levels of development standards and be available for housing development within the next three years. Though Woodland’s site inventory uses this Specific Plan area to satisfy one-third of the lower-income RHNA, affordable housing may be developed on sites that are not in the inventory as well. • One participant expressed concern that the sites identified to accommodate lower-income housing are concentrated on the eastside of the city and not evenly distributed across the westside and in the Spring Lake Specific Plan area. These sites are typically zoned for higher densities that are more likely to accommodate lower -income housing, per HCD requirements. In addition, to Affirmatively Further Fair Housing, the City is committed to
Lisa Wise Consulting, Inc. | City of Woodland 6th Cycle Housing Element Update | 3 improving and investing in historically under-resourced neighborhoods so all areas can be areas of opportunities.
Screenshots
Screenshots from the Community Workshop are included below:
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General Plan 2035 City of Woodland
Appendix F: Fair Housing Assessment
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Contents
Appendix F: Fair Housing Assessment ..................................................... 1 Section F.1 Introduction and Overview of AB 686 ................................................................... 1 F.1.1 Note on Figures and Analysis .............................................................................. 1 F.1.2 Consistency with the 2017 General Plan .............................................................. 5 F.1.3 Consistency with Other Housing and Service Programs - CDBG ......................... 5 Section F.2 Assessment of Fair Housing Issues ..................................................................... 5 F.2.1 Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach ............................................................. 6 F.2.2 Integration and Segregation ................................................................................. 8 F.2.3 Racially and Ethnically Concentrated Areas ....................................................... 26 F.2.4 Access to Opportunity ........................................................................................ 28 F.2.5 Disproportionate Housing Needs ....................................................................... 49 F.2.6 Other Relevant Factors ...................................................................................... 59 F.2.7 Sites Inventory ................................................................................................... 61 Section F.3 Fair Housing Issues, Contributing Factors, and Programs ................................. 68
Figures
Figure F-1: Woodland Boundaries.............................................................................................. 2 Figure F-2: Existing Land Uses .................................................................................................. 4 Figure F-3: Regional Settlement Trends by Race/Ethnicity, 2010 .............................................10 Figure F-4: Racial Predominance, City of Woodland, 2010 .......................................................11 Figure F-5: Racial Demographics, City of Woodland, 2010 .......................................................12 Figure F-6: Racial Demographics, City of Woodland, 2018 .......................................................13 Figure F-7: Concentration of Hispanic or Latino Persons by Census Block Group ....................14 Figure F-8: Population with a Disability by Census Tract, Woodland (2015-2019) .....................17 Figure F-9: Percent of Children in Married-Couple Households ................................................19 Figure F-10: Percent of Children in Single-Female Headed Households ...................................20 Figure F-11: Median Income, Woodland, 2015-2019................................................................ .23 Figure F-12: Low to Moderate Income Populations, Woodland .................................................24 Figure F-13: Poverty Status by Census Tract, Woodland, 2015-2019 .......................................25 Figure F-14: Racially/Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty, Sacramento Region...............27
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Figure F-15: TCAC Opportunity Map Resource Areas for Region (Yolo County, Woodland, Davis, West Sacramento (portions) ......................................................................30 Figure F-16: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Composite ..................................................................32 Figure F-17: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Education Score, Tract ...............................................34 Figure F-18: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Economic Score, Tract ...............................................35 Figure F-19: HUD Low Transportation Cost Index, City of Woodland ........................................37 Figure F-20: Yolo County Transit Stops in Relation to TCAC Opportunity Areas, Woodland .....41 Figure F-21: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Environmental Score, Tract ........................................43 Figure F-22: Jobs Proximity Index, City of Woodland, 2014-2017 .............................................45 Figure F-23: Infrastructure Opportunity .....................................................................................47 Figure F-24: Infrastructure Investment ......................................................................................48 Figure F-25: Overpayment by Renters 2015-2019, City of Woodland .......................................50 Figure F-26: Overpayment by Homeowners 2015-2019, City of Woodland ...............................51 Figure F-27: Location Affordability Index, Tract .........................................................................52 Figure F-28: Overcrowded Households 2015-2019, City of Woodland ......................................54 Figure F-29: Sensitive Communities 2013-2017, City of Woodland ...........................................56 Figure F-30: Loan Denial Rates by Census Tract, Sacramento Region, 2017 ...........................60 Figure F-31: Sites Inventory and Existing and Proposed Affordable Developments in Relation to Low to Moderate Income Census Tracts, Woodland .........................................66 Figure F-32: Sites Inventory and Existing and Proposed Affordable Developments in Relation to TCAC/HCD Opportunity Areas, Woodland ........................................................67
Tables
Table F-1: Dissimilarity Index, 2013 .......................................................................................... 15 Table F-2: Poverty by Race and Ethnicity, City of Woodland, 2014-2019 ..................................22 Table F-3: Housing Problems by Tenure ...................................................................................53 Table F-4: Homeless Individuals by Race and Ethnicity ............................................................58 Table F-5: Housing Tenure by Race/Ethnicity, City of Woodland ..............................................61 Table F-6: Sites Inventory Capacity (Units) in Relation to Low to Moderate Income Census Tracts ......................................................................................................................62 Table F-7: Sites Inventory Capacity (Units) in Relation to TCAC/HCD Opportunity Areas .........65 Table F-8: Factors that Contribute to Fair Housing Issues and Implementation Programs to AFFH .......................................................................................................................69
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Section F.1 Introduction and Overview of AB 686
Assembly Bill 686, signed in 2018, establishes new requirements to Government Code Section 65583 requiring cities and counties to take deliberate actions to foster inclusive communities through fair and equal housing choice by establishing policies to address disparities in housing needs, access to opportunity, and patterns of racial and ethnic segregation, a process referred to as affirmatively furthering fair housing (AFFH). Housing elements are now required to include or address the following:
• Inclusive and Equitable Outreach: Housing elements must make a diligent effort to equitably include all community stakeholders in the housing element participation process. • Fair Housing Assessment: All housing elements must include an assessment of fair housing. This assessment should include an analysis of the following four fair housing issues: integration and segregation patterns and trends, racially or ethnically concentrated areas of poverty, disparities in access to opportunity, and disproportionate housing needs, including displacement risk.
• Analysis of Sites Inventory: Local jurisdictions must evaluate and address how particular sites available for housing development will meet the needs of households at all income levels. The housing element must analyze and conclude whether the identified sites improve or exacerbate conditions for fair housing. • Identification of Contributing Factors: Based on findings from the previous steps, housing elements must identify, evaluate, and prioritize the contributing factors related to fair housing issues.
• Priorities, Goals, and Actions to AFFH: Local jurisdictions must adopt fair housing goals and actions that are significant, meaningful, and sufficient to overcome identified patterns of segregation and affirmatively further fair housing. The housing element should include metrics and milestones for evaluating progress and fair housing results.
F.1.1 Note on Figures and Analysis
The U.S. Census Bureau divides geographic areas into census tract and block group subdivisions in order to facilitate statistical analyses. These census tract and block group boundaries do not always follow city, town, and other administrative boundaries.
As shown in Figure F-1, census tract 112.06 and the block groups within this census tract extend far beyond city boundaries and includes two portions of the city that are non -residential: the industrial area east of Interstate -5 and north of East Main Street ; the area south of Interstate -5 and east of County Road 102, which is home to the city’s wastewater treatment facility and a tomato processing discharge spray field. Since these areas are non-residential and are primarily located in unincorporated Yolo County, they have been excluded from the text analysis. Although these areas appear in certain maps and figures within the fair housing assessment, they are not considered as part of the overall analysis.
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Figure F-1: Woodland Boundaries
Source: U.S. Census 2010. Ascent 2021.
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Moreover, this assessment provides caveats for data from Woodland’s Spring Lake neighborhood, which is the area south of Gibson Road and east of Harry Lorenzo Avenue, and which includes the City’s Community and Senior center and Sports Park as well as a fair amount of vacant land. This neighborhood is in a block group that is primarily located in unincorporated Yolo County and is shared with the city’s wastewater treatment facility and a tomato processing discharge spray field. Since Spring Lake is home to the vast majority of this block group’s residents, this data was included in the text analysis.
The figure provided below is an illustration of existing land use which was prepared in 2016 as part of the City’s General Plan update effort. It is found in the 2035 General Plan EIR, Exhibit
4.11.4 (Figure F-2 below). While conditions have changed slightly since 2016, in particular with the Spring Lake Specific Pl an being 75% built out, this helps provide a picture of existing development in the City.
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Figure F-2: Existing Land Uses
Source: Dyett and Bhatia, 2016.
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F.1.2 Consistency with the 2017 General Plan
The General Plan is the policy document for long- range development for the City of Woodland and governs all actions relating to Woodland’s physical development. The General Plan must be comprehensive, internally consistent and long range. The Housing Element is one of seven mandated elements of the General Plan. State Law requires that the Housing Element state “the means by which consistency will be achieved with other general plan elements and community goals.” (California Government Code Section 65583(c)(6)(B).) The Housing Element must be internally consistent with goals, policies, and programs contained in other elements. Therefore, goals, policies, and programs contained in other elements will also serve to address housing.
City’s 2017 GP incudes a Healthy Community and Public Services Elements, which include environmental justice evaluation and policies. There is one disadvantaged community located north of the city boundaries in Yolo County called “Westucky”. Through an MOU with Yolo County, the City has provided water and sewer services to the community in (2019). The 2017 General Plan also includes policies to annex the disadvantaged community with any future annexation in the area. Polices and programs contained in other elements of the General Plan also serve to address Fair Housing considerations and are listed in Table F-8.
F.1.3 Consistency with Other Housing and Service Programs - CDBG The City of Woodland receives an annual allocation of Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds from the Federal government. The CDBG program, administered by the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) , allows the City of Woodland to issue grants to local organizations for the implementation of eligible CDBG activities based on a five year Consolidated Plan such as:
• Affordable Housing
• Construction or Improvement of Public facilities and infrastructure • Economic Development
• The provision of public services
• Revitalization efforts
• Other activities that benefit low and moderate –income individuals and areas.
Section F.2 Assessment of Fair Housing Issues
The goal of this analysis is to transform racially and ethnically concentrated areas of poverty into areas of opportunity by replacing segregated living patterns with truly integrated and balanced living patterns.
Community amenities and access to opportunities are inherently spatial in nature and are not always readily accessible or attainable due to various social, cultural, and economic barriers that
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exist in our society. Because of this imbalance, it is important to ensure that sites for housing, particularly lower income units, are available in high resource areas, where access to amenities and opportunities are higher, rather than in concentrated areas of high segregation and poverty, where there is little or poor access to opportunities.
This section serves as an assessment of fair housing practices, pursuant to Government Code Section 65583 (c)(10) in the City of Woodland. It examines local existing conditions and demographic patterns including concentrated areas of poverty within the city; concentrated areas of low- and median- income housing; and areas of low and high opportunity . It also provides an analysis from a regional perspective, describing settlement patterns across the region. The analysis is primarily based on data from the California Department of Housing and Community Development’s (HCD) AFFH Data and Mapping Tool.
F.2.1 Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach
Fair housing complaints can be used as an indicator to identify characteristics of households experiencing discrimination in housing. Pursuant to the California Fair Employment and Housing Act [Government Code Section 12921 (a)], the opportunity to seek, obtain, and hold housing cannot be determined by an individual’s “race, color, religion, sex, gender, gender identity, gender expression, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, ancestry, familial status, source of income, disability, veteran or military status, genetic information, or any other basis prohibited by Section 51 of the Civil Code.” Fair housing issues that may arise in any jurisdiction include but are not limited to:
• housing design that makes a dwelling unit inaccessible to an individual with a disability; • discrimination against an individual based on race, national origin, familial status, disability, religion, or sex when renting or selling a housing unit; and • disproportionate housing needs across the city including cost burden, overcrowding, and risk of displacement.
On an annual basis, the City funds fair housing services (Fair Housing Project) through Legal Services of Northern California (LSNC) (Woodland office) with funds from the City’s Community Development Block Grant program. Legal Services provides fair housing services through phone and in-person consultations with Woodland residents who contact Legal Services with housing complaints. Attorneys from Legal Services advise clients with fair housing issues of their right under fair housing laws. Attorneys also pursue reasonable accommodations, where appropriate, and assist clients in filing complaints with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and the California State Department of Fair Employment and Housing when the issue cannot be resolved informally.
For Fiscal Year 2019/20, the Fair Housing Project assisted 280 Woodland residents with housing issues, including claims of housing discrimination. Staff attorneys from Legal Services assessed all housing cases to determine whether the case involved potential discrimination. After
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interviewing the 280 Woodland residents who sought assistance with housing problems, LSNC staff determined that clients described legitimate discrimination in 28 cases: disability 24, race 1, gender 1, source of income 1, and familial status 1. Legal Services provided the following level of service for the 28 cases: counsel and advice 7, limit ed action 7, and negotiated settlement/representation 14. Legal Services has not noted geographic trends for the fair housing complaints they receive from Woodland residents, but has commented on instances in which property managers do not understand their obligations for reasonable accommodations or modifications. Providing education to property managers through Legal Services annual fair housing conference may help lessen these instances as well as provide guidance on other fair housing issues. The City is not aware of any fair housing lawsuits being filed for Woodland rental properties in the last five years.
Type of Discrimination:
• Disability discrimination, 24
• Race, 1
• Gender, 1
• Source of Income, 1
• Familial status, 1
Level of Service
• Counsel and advice, 7
• Limited action, 7
• Negotiated Settlement/Representation, 14
Due to COVID-19, Legal Services staff was working remotely for part of FY 2019/20 and handling all cases, including fair housing cases, via phone, email, and regular mail. Legal Services also had to cancel the annual in-person fair housing conference due to the pandemic, but held a virtual conference in 2021. The last in- person conference was held at the Woodland Community and Senior Center on April 9, 2019, and attended by 157 property managers, property owners, and Legal Services staff.
The City also publicizes and regularly updates affordable housing opportunities and fair housing resources on its website. Fair housing information is provided on the City’s website at the following location: https://www.cityofwoodland.org/263/Fair-Housing-Mediation-Services.
For example, the City includes a list of affordable apartment complexes on its website and regularly updates the list when new complexes are open . Additionally, the City provides information on their website regarding LSNC’s annual Fair Housing workshop and when tenan t applications are being accepted for upcoming affordable rental units.
The City conducted public outreach for the AFFH analysis in conjunction with the Housing Element, refer to Section 1.4 of the Housing Element and Appendix E: Public Outreach Summary.
The focus group meetings included questions specifically seeking information regarding fair housing:
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1. Do you see any disparities or concerns in housing patterns or trends in Woodland?
2. Are you concerned about concentration, segregation in housing and access and opportunity in Woodland?
Following the availability of the AFFH analysis, the City posted the Housing Element with the AFFH analysis on the City’s web site, provided notice of availability, and continued to accept comments and questions on the Housing Element . The City provided public notice for the Planning Commission and City Council meetings, posted documents and reports in two locations on the city’s web site, provided hard copies in public locations, mailed notices to all identified stakeholders, interested parties, and property owners of identified housing sites, and held a noticed public hearings on the Housing Element (which includes the AFFH appendix). All notices and information on the city’s web site are provided in both Spanish and English.
The City also met with Legal Services of Northern California in February 2022 to gather additional insights into fair housing issues facing Woodland residents and discuss potential programs to address these issues. Feedback from Legal Services is incorporated throughout the analysis and the housing programs.
The City will continue to fund fair housing programs with Legal Services of Northern California and other service providers as appropriate, typically utilizing CDBG funds as outlined in the City’s Five Year CHAS plan.
F.2.2 Integration and Segregation
Race and Ethnicity
The Sacramento Valley region has grown in diversity in recent decades and has higher shares of Hispanic (29.9 percent) and Asian residents (18.9 percent) than the national average (18.4 percent and 5.7 percent respectively). In 2017, non- Hispanic White residents made up 55.7 percent of the population within the region, compared to 73 percent in 1990. Figure F-3 shows the racial and ethnic distribution in the Sacramento Region as of 2010. Generally, patterns of settlement indicate that t he majority of people of color reside in and around the Cit y of Sacramento. However, Woodland is generally more diverse than the neighboring cities of Davis and West Sacramento.
Similar to the region, Woodland has become more diverse over the past decade. As shown in Figure F-4, residents in 2010 who identified as non-White Hispanic made up a “slim” to “sizeable” majority of the population for census tracts along Main Street. Moreover, these same areas, shown in Figure F-5, had the highest rates of non- White population in the city in 2010 (27 to 54 percent). Alternatively, areas in the southwest corner of the city west of East Street and along Gibson Road had the lowest percentage of non- White population (below 20 percent), and a ‘sizable’ to ‘predominant’ majority of non -Hispanic White residents. By 2018, however, diversity had expanded in most of the city with the percent of non-White population at over 60 percent in a
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majority of the city’s block groups, with some areas a t over 80 percent (Figure F-6). The predominantly non-Hispanic White area in the southwest corner also increased in diversity, from an average of 20 percent non-White in 2010 to an average of 36 percent by 2018, however these block groups are still predominately made up of non- Hispanic White residents. As a whole, according to the 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS), 61 percent of the Woodland’s population identifies as non-White.
Staff at Legal Services of Northern California observed that racial/ethnic disparities are evident in Woodland, with larger concentrations of non -White residents in the east and north areas of the city along the E Street Corridor , and larger concentrations of wealthier, White residents in the southwest corner of the city. Program to create opportunities for lower-income residents in higher resources areas and place-based strategies to encourage investment in lower-resource areas will help to address the racial disparities observed in Woodland.
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Figure F-3: Regional Settlement Trends by Race/Ethnicity, 2010
Source: HUD AFFH Mapping Tool; Adapted by Ascent, 2021.
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Figure F-4: Racial Predominance, City of Woodland, 2010
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, U.S. Census 2010.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis. For further context, p lease refer to th e section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Figure F-5: Racial Demographics, City of Woodland, 2010
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, U.S. Census 2010 ACS.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Figure F-6: Racial Demographics, City of Woodland, 2018
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, U.S. Census 2018 ACS.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Areas with a concentration of non- white residents coincide with neighborhoods having a high percentage of Hispanic or Latino residents. To some extent, Woodland’s Asian American population may also influence the areas with a concentration of non- white residents. While only 8% of Woodland residents identify as Asian, there are two Census block groups with an Asian American population exceeding 20%: Block Group 2, Census Tract 111.02 at 21.2% and Block Group 3, Census Tract 112.06 at 23.1% (2013- 2017 American Community Survey five- year estimates) (Figure F-7). The first block group is bordered by East Main Street, East Street, Gibson Road, and Matmor Road and this second one is located in the southeastern section of the City within the Spring Lake Specific Plan, a new growth area.
Figure F-7: Concentration of Hispanic or Latino Persons by Census Block Group
Table B-2 in the Housing Needs Analysis illustrates Woodland and Yolo County Age, Sex, Race, and Ethnicity based on the SACOG 2019 Data package. Areas with Latino/Hispanic concentrations (defined as 51% or more of the persons residing in the Census Block Group) are shown in Figure 6.
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Dissimilarity Index
A common measure of the magnitude of segregation within a city or county is the dissimilarity index (DI). The DI measures the degree to which two specific groups are distributed across a geographic area. The DI varies between 0 and 100 and measures the percentage of one group that would have to move across neighborhoods to be distributed the same way as the second group. A dissimilarity index of 0 indicates conditions of total integration under which both groups are distributed in the same proportions across all neighborhoods. A dissimilarity index of 100 indicates conditions of total segregation such that the members of one group are in completely different neighborhoods than the second group.
It is important to note that the DI provided by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) uses non-Hispanic White residents as the primary comparison group. That is, all DI values compare racial and ethnic groups against the distribution of non -Hispanic White residents and do not directly measure segregation between two minority groups (e.g., Black and Hispanic segregation).
Most of the Sacramento region has a low to moderate index rating. In Woodland, t he low dissimilarity index rating for all people of color indicates that most communities of color are dispersed evenly in neighborhoods throughout the city relative to their proportion in the city. The City received an index rating of 21.58 in comparing all people of color with the base non-Hispanic White population, indicating that roughly 22 percent of the minority population would need to move across neighborhoods to be distributed in the same way as the non-Hispanic white population in the city; 39 percent of Asian residents in Woodland would need to move acr oss neighborhoods to be evenly distributed in comparison to non-Hispanic White residents (Table F-1).
Table F-1: Dissimilarity Index, 2013
Jurisdiction Minority/NHW
Dissimilarity Index
Hispanic/NHW
Dissimilarity Index
Black/NHW
Dissimilarity Index
Asian/NHW
Dissimilarity Index
Index Rating Index Rating Index Rating Index Rating
Citrus Heights 18.54 Low 20.64 Low 25.50 Low 18.52 Low
Elk Grove 27.10 Low 19.63 Low 28.80 Low 34.68 Low
Davis 17.96 Low 16.62 Low 21.90 Low 23.63 Low
Rancho Cordova 17.87 Low 18.52 Low 25.16 Low 36.80 Low
Roseville 15.92 Low 20.19 Low 19.41 Low 29.67 Low
Rocklin 12.74 Low 13.44 Low 21.48 Low 24.21 Low
Balance of
Sacramento 36.41 Low 36.76 Low 48.52 Moderate 45.19 Moderate City of Sacramento 37.80 Low 39.56 Low 44.92 Moderate 43.73 Moderate West Sacramento 19.26 Low 27.57 Low 29.52 Low 24.27 Low Woodland 21.58 Low 22.69 Low 30.89 Low 39.69 Low
Source: Root Policy Research, 2020. https://www.shra.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Sacramento-Valley-AI- DRAFT.pdf
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Disability
The U.S. Census Bureau defines disability as one of the following: hearing difficulty, vision difficulty, c ognitive difficulty, ambulatory difficulty, self -care difficulty, and independent living difficulty. In Woodland, 6,727 residents had a disability in 2019 . This group equates to 11.5 percent of the total non-institutionalized population, which is slightly higher in proportion to Yolo County (9.6 percent) and California (10.6 percent).
Figure F-8 shows the population of persons with a disability by census tract in the city using ACS data from 2015 -2019. The data reveals that residents with disabilities are evenly distributed throughout the city, however there are some areas with lower concentrations of residents with a disability, including the southwestern corner of the city and the area east of Bourn Dr ive. At a regional level, Woodland is similar to the rest of the region in that all census tracts have less than 20 percent of their population living with a disability.
The following assisted housing projects specifically serve persons with disabilities: Summertree Apartments (555 Community Lane) (69 senior citizen units and 23 family units for persons with physical disabilities) and Summer Housing Inc. Project (undisclosed location) (3 units or beds for adults with brain trauma). However, the first floor units of the newer af fordable housing rental project often can be modified to accommodate tenants with physical disabilities and/or these projects already contain accessible units. The Woodland Zoning Code includes a Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance. To ensure the existing procedures are not overly cumbersome, the City proposes program C.11 to evaluate the ordinance. With the update to the Comprehensive Zoning Code the city will ensure that the Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance is consistent with current state requirements.
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Figure F-8: Population with a Disability by Census Tract, Woodland (2015-2019)
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, U.S. Census 2015-2019 ACS.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Familial Status
The Fair Housing Act (FHA) bans discrimination based on certain protected classes, including "familial status," which refers to the presence of at least one child under 18 years old. Housing discrimination based on familial status can occur when a landlord, property manager, real estate agent, or property owner treats someone or a group of people differently because they have a family with children under 18 years of age. This assessment examines the spatial distribution of households by familial status to determine the potential of famili al status discrimination in Woodland. Figure 8 displays the percent of children in married couple households in the city while Figure 9 shows the distribution of children in female- headed households with no spouse present.
Married Couple Families
Compared to the broader region, Woodland is a family -oriented community. In 2019, about 55 percent of all households in Woodland were married-couple families, which is higher than the corresponding 48 percent of households in Yolo County. Of the approximately 20,500 households in the city, 25 percent are married-couple households with children under 18 years of age, which is slightly higher than the corresponding countywide proportion of 23.7 percent.
Figure F-9 shows the percent of children in married-couple households in the city. Census tracts along Main St reet generally have lower percentages (40-60 percent and 60- 80 percent) of children in married-couple households than census tracts south of Gibson Rd and east of Bourn Drive where over 80 percent of children are in married- couple households . On average , 71 percent of children live in a household with a married couple in Woodland, which is higher than that of the region (40 -60 percent). However, within the city, there is a slight disparity with the lowest area having 57 percent of children living in a household with a married couple, and the highest at 88 percent.
Female Headed Households, No Spouse Present
Additionally, Woodland had a similar proportion of female headed households with children and no spouse present (5. 9 percent) than Yolo County ( 5.2 percent). Figure F -10 shows the distribution of the percentage of children in female- headed households with no spouse present.
The map indicates that less than 20 percent of children in most census tracts throughout the city live in single -female headed households . However, there are a few census tracts along Main Street, and especially west of East Street, that have between 20-40 percent of children in single- female headed households.
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Figure F-9: Percent of Children in Married-Couple Households
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, U.S. Census 2015-2019 ACS 5 Year Estimates.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Figure F-10: Percent of Children in Single-Female Headed Households
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, U.S. Census 2015-2019 ACS 5 Year Estimates.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Income
According to the 2015-2019 ACS, Woodland had a similar median household income ($69,612) to Yolo County ($70,228). Figure F-11 shows the geographic distribution of households by median household income by block groups in Woodland. As displayed in the map, t he majority of block groups in the city have an income less than the 2020 State Median Income ($87,100). Households with the highest incomes (greater than $100,000) mostly live in the southern part of the city along Gibson Road while households with lower incomes (less than $60,000) are generally along Main Street.
Figure F-12 further displays this income information by showing the percentage of low to moderate income households by block groups. As displayed in the map, block groups located in the central and northern parts of the city have a majority of their population livi ng in low and moderate-income households. The lowest percentages (below 25 percent) of low to moderate income households (or households with higher incomes) are generally located in the southern parts of the city along Gibson Road.
Similarly, the area east of East Street and south of Main Street has the highest percentage of the population below the poverty level in the city (see FigureF-13). As of 2019, this area had a poverty rate of 22.3 percent. Moreover, the second highest area of concentrated poverty in Woodland is the area directly west of the above area , between Main Street and Gibson Street, which had a poverty rate of 19.6 percent in 2019. In 2014, the ACS reported that this area had a poverty rate of 16.7 percent, which represents a 2 .9 percent increase in this area’s poverty rate. The rate of poverty outside of these central areas is lower than that of much of the region, with the City of Davis having a much more prominent pattern of income segregation and higher overall poverty rate.
Staff at Legal Services of Northern California indicated that many l ower-income households, particularly families with children, depend on Housing Choice Vouchers to secure affordable housing. They shared that many landlords in Woodland are not accepting vouchers, even though rejecting a voucher is considered income discrimination, which is a fair housing violation. Legal Services suggested creating incentives for landlords to accept vouchers and an informational campaign to encourage participation by landlords of single family homes, particularly in high and moderate resource neighborhoods. The City has included a program in the Housing Element to work with the Housing Authority to explore establishing such a program.
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Table F-2: Poverty by Race and Ethnicity, City of Woodland, 2014-2019 Below Poverty Line Total Population
Number Poverty
Rate
Share of Total
Population in
Poverty
Number Percent
White (Non-Hispanic) 1,837 8.0% 28.0% 22,924 39.3%
Black 306 31.4% 4.7% 973 1.7%
Asian 767 16.5% 11.7% 4,655 8.0%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 42 33.3% 0.6% 126 0.2% American Indian and Alaskan Native 98 13.7% 1.5% 714 1.2% Some Other Race 867 15.8% 13.2% 5,483 9.4%
Two or More Races 255 10.4% 3.9% 2,448 4.2%
Hispanic or Latino 2,385 11.1% 36.4% 21,023 36.0%
Total 6,557 11.2% 100.0% 58,346 100.0%
Source: U.S. Census, 2014-2019 ACS 5 Year Estimates, Table S1701
Table B-2 in Appendix B shows the population of Hispanic or Latinos of any race, while Table 2above, helps to identify if racial or ethnic groups are disproportionately affected by poverty, by showing the share of population for each group (both in poverty and in the total population). To get this information the City used Census Table S1701 (2019 5- year estimates), which has different total population numbers than the data source for Table B -2. To avoid double-counting some residents/to make sure that the percentages add up to 100%, the “Hispanic Or Latino” row was calculated by taking the “White alone” row and subtracting the “White alone, not Hispanic or Latino” row from Table S1701. The numbers total population values between the two tables differ because of the different sources used.
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Figure F-11: Median Income, Woodland, 2015-2019
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, U.S. Census 2015-2019 ACS 5 Year Estimates.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from t he analysis. For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Figure F-12: Low to Moderate Income Populations, Woodland
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, HUD, U.S. Census 2011-2015 ACS 5 Year Estimates.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Figure F-13: Poverty Status by Census Tract, Woodland, 2015-2019
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, U.S. Census 2015-2019 ACS.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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F.2.3 Racially and Ethnically Concentrated Areas
Racially/Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty
Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty (R/ECAP) are neighborhoods in which there are both racial concentrations and high poverty rates. HUD defines R/ECAPs as census tracts with:
• a non-White population of 50 percent or more (majority-minority) or, for non-urban areas, 20 percent, AND a poverty rate of 40 percent or more; OR • a non-White population of 50 percent or more (majority-minority) AND the poverty rate is three times the average poverty rate for the county, whichever is lower.
Households within R/ECAP tracts frequently represent the most disadvantaged households within a community and often face a multitude of housing challenges. R/ECAPs are meant to identify where residents may have historically faced discrimination and continue to be challenged by limited economic opportunity. While there are no R/ECAPs in the City of Woodland, there are concentrated areas of poverty that correspond within areas of high diversity and there are R/ECAPs located near Woodland in the Cities of Davis and Sacramento (see Figure F-14).
Race and ethnicity are critical factors in understanding patterns of segregation and integration by income. Although the citywide poverty rate was 11.2 percent in 2019, not all racial and ethnic groups in Woodland had the same likelihood of experiencing poverty. As shown in Table F 2, residents who identified as non- Hispanic White were much less likely to experience poverty. In contrast, residents who identified as Black, Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, Asian, or some other race were disproportionately represented in the share of the total population in poverty in comparison to their actual proportion of the city’s population.
According to Table B-2, 48.6% of the City’s population is Hispanic, 39.2% White, 8% Asian, 1.5% Black 0.3% American Indian/Alaskan Native, and 0.2% Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander.
Table F-2 provides a listing of number of individuals below the poverty line by Race and Ethnicity.
According to Table F-2, 11.1% of Hispanic or Latino individuals, 31.4% Black individuals, 33.3% of Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders, 16.5% Asian individuals and 8% of white individuals are below the poverty line.
For the Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, there are concentrations in fourteen Census block groups:
Block Groups 1 and 3, Census Tract 108; Block Group 1, Census Tract 109.01; Block Groups 2 and 3, Census Tract 109.01; Block Groups 1 and 2, Census Tract 109.02; Block Group 2, Census Tract 110.01; Block Group 1, Census Tract 111.01; Block Group 2, Census Tract 111.01; Block Groups 1 and 2, Census Tract 111.02; Block Group 1, Census Tract 111.03; and Block Group 3, Census Tract 112.05. While a number of these areas are also low-moderate income Census block groups, none of these areas approach poverty levels of 40% or more.
Woodland’s overall poverty level is 11.2% and Yolo County’s is 16.9% (U.S. Census, July 2019 estimates).
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Figure F-14: Racially/Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty, Sacramento Region
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool; HUD AFFH Tool 2013.
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Racially/Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Affluence
Although HUD and HCD have not established standard definitions for Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Affluence (RCAAs), they are generally understood to be neighborhoods in which there are both high concentrations of non-Hispanic White households and high household income rates. Comparing the City of Woodland to the surrounding Sacramento region, Woodland has a lower presence of higher income levels and higher diversity than other incorporated cities.
However, the city’s southwest corner has two census block groups along West Gibson Road and West Street that fit the criteria for a local RCAA. As was discussed previously, these block groups are between 70 and 75 percent non-Hispanic White (see Figure F-6), and the median household income is between $80,000 and $115,000 (see Figure F-11).
F.2.4 Access to Opportunity
Across the nation, affordable housing has been disproportionately developed in communities of color with high poverty rates, thereby reinforcing the concentration of poverty and racial segregation in low opportunity and low resource areas. HUD and HCD, in coordination with the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee (TCAC) , have developed “opportunity indices” to assess and measure geographic access to opportunities. Access to opportunity is measured by access to positive economic, educational, and health outcomes . For this assessment, the opportunity indices prepared by HUD, HCD, and TCAC are used to analyze access to opportunity in Woodland.
Analysis of Impediments Findings
The information in this section is from the Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice (AI) report, prepared for the Sacramento Valley Fair Housing Collaborative in February 2020. The AI assessed fair housing in cities and unincorporated jurisdictions of Placer, Sacramento, and Yolo counties. The AI examined the HUD opportunity indicators, local and regional needs assessment, and findings from community engagement surveys and reports. The study thoroughly examined many opportunity factors and evaluated access based on intersecting factors such as race and ethnicity, tenure (e.g., renter or homeowner), income, disability, and other factors.
The primary findings pertinent to Woodland indicate that the city is an area of low/m oderate opportunity. Compared to the region, residents have similar access to economically strong neighborhoods, major employment centers, and labor market engagement, but they have less access to high quality schools.
HUD’s low poverty index measures neighborhood exposure to poverty with higher scores indicating less exposure to poverty and greater access to economically strong neighborhoods.
Woodland earned moderate scores for access to economically strong neighborhoods with an average score of 52, which is higher than the regional average of 48. Moreover, there is only a nine-point gap in economic access by race or ethnicity among Woodland residents (between 47 and 56 depending on the race/ethnic group) in comparison to the 20-point gap in economic access
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among all residents of the region (between 39 and 59 depending on the race/ethnic group ). https://hudgis-hud.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/HUD::low-poverty-index/about HUD’s school proficiency index measures access to proficient schools on a scale of 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating greater likelihood of access to elementary schools with high levels of academic proficiency within 1.5 miles . Woodland earned a lower average score of 35 in comparison to the regional average score of 44 . Therefore, Woodland residents have less likelihood of access to academically proficient schools. However, there is only a nine-point gap in education access by race or ethnicity among Woodland residents (between 32 and 41 depending on the race/ethnic group) in comparison to the 17-point gap in education access among all residents of the region (between 36 and 53 depending on the race/ethnic group). https://hudgis- hud.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/HUD::school-proficiency-index/about.
Additionally, residents of Woodland report higher than average healthy neighborhood indicators.
Healthy neighborhood indicators comprise several factors, which include the relative quality of parks and recreation facilities among neighborhoods, convenient access to grocery stores and health care facilities, a supportive network of friends or family, neighborhood housing condition, crime, and the quality of public infrastructure.
HCD/TCAC Opportunity Areas
HCD and TCAC prepared opportunity maps to determine areas with the highest and lowest resources. The maps display the areas, according to research, that offer low-income children and adults the best chance at economic advancement, high educational attainment, and good physical and mental health (highest resource) along with lower resource areas that have fewer of these opportunities. The primary function of TCAC is to oversee the Low -Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) Program, which provides funding to developers of affordable rental housing. The opportunity maps play a critical role in shaping the future distribution of affordable housing in areas with the highest opportunity.
As shown in Figures F-15 and F-16, a small portion of Woodland is categorized as a high resource area in 2022, which includes one census tract in the southwest corner of the city, bounded by West Gibson Road to the north and West Street to the east. High resource areas are areas with high index scores for a variety of educational, environmental, and economic indicators. Some of these indicators include high levels of employment and close proximity to jobs, access to effective educational opportunities for both children and adults, low concentration of poverty, and low levels of environmental pollutants, among others. In comparison to other incorporated cities in the Sacramento region, Woodland has fewer high resources areas. Woodland does not have areas identified as Highest Resource, but Woodland also does not have areas of High Segregation and Poverty.
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Figure F-15: TCAC Opportunity Map Resource Areas for Region (Yolo County, Woodland, Davis, West Sacramento (portions)
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, TCAC and HCD Opportunity Areas 2022.
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A portion of the southern half of the city is categorized as moderate resource, including areas south of Gibson Road and east of Bourn Drive. These areas have access to many of the same resources as the high resource areas but may have lower median home values, fewer educational opportunities, or other factors that lower their indexes for economic, environmental, and educational indicators.
A majority of the city is considered low resource, including areas south of Kentucky Avenue, north of Gibson Road, and west of Bourn Drive. TCAC and HCD define these as areas where there are fewer opportunities to access jobs, education, and lower home values in addition to other economic, environmental, and educational indicators. The designation of low resource areas in the city is likely a result of weak educational opportunities and economic indicators throughout most of Woodland , meaning there is a need for the City to prioritize its resources towards improving opportunities for current and future residents in these areas.
The area to the Southwest identified as High Resource is primarily built out with lower density single family homes. There are f our school sites in the area or directly adjacent. (Whitehead Elementary, Zamora Elementary, Lee Middle School and Douglas Middle School). There are approximately three neighborhood parks in the identified area. Whereas the area north of Main Street between CR 98 and East Street contain three elementary schools, Woodland High School, and a Special Education School. There are four neighborhood parks and three specific recreational facilities. The area northeast of Main Street and East Street has limited facilities as it has developed with some mixed uses, limited homes, and largely industrial uses. The Yolo County Housing Authority has a lower density housing development north of Lemen Avenue, and east of East Street with two public housing developments: Yolano Village (60 family units) and Donnelly Circle (72 family units).
The programs in the Housing Element to create opportunities for lower-income residents in higher resources areas and place-based strategies to encourage investment in lower-resource areas are aimed at helping to improve equality in access to opportunity in the city . Table F-8 at the end of the chapter summarizes these programs.
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Figure F-16: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Composite
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, TCAC and HCD Opportunity Areas 2022.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Educational Opportunity
TCAC and HCD measured educational opportunity using indicators for math proficiency, reading proficiency, high school graduation rates, and student poverty rate. Most of Woodland has low education scores. Figure F-17 shows that two census tracts in the southwestern corner of the city have an education score above 0.5 , which are also the only areas classified as high resource.
Additionally, the Spring Lake neighborhood has an education score above 0.5, however Spring Lake’s census tract also includes areas in unincorporated Yolo County. The rest of the city has a low education score (0.25-0.50), which means that children receive a less positive educational outcome. These areas with lower education scores also correlate with the areas that have higher poverty level s (see Figure F -13). This finding indicates that access to proficient school opportunities throughout Woodland is not readily available throughout the city, especially for those areas with concentrated poverty. In comparison to other incorporated cities in the Sacramento region, Woodland generally has higher education scores than Sacramento and West Sacramento, but lower education scores than Davis.
Economic Opportunity
TCAC and HCD measured economic opportunity using indicators for poverty, adult education, employment, job proximity, and median home value. In the context of economic opportunity, Woodland has mixed outcomes. The central and northwest neighborhoods of Woodland have economic opportunity scores of less than 0.25, which are areas with less positive economic outcomes. Figure F-18 shows that the areas with the least positive economic outcomes are mainly along Main St reet and East Street. These areas also have the highest percentage of low and moderate-income households (see Figure F -13), and the highest percentage of the population below the poverty level in the city (see Figure F-14). The rest of the city has a moderate economic score (0.25-0.5 or 0.5-0.75), indicating that there are more positive economic outcomes than the central and northwest parts of the city. This data suggests that areas in Woodland with concentrated poverty will continue to have difficulties obtaining positive economic outcomes. In comparison to other nearby incorporated cities, Woodland’s economic opportunity scores are similar to the scores of other incorporated cities in the Sacramento region.
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Figure F-17: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Education Score, Tract
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, 2021.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Figure F-18: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Economic Score, Tract
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, 2021.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Transportation Opportunity
Access to Transportation and the Low Transportation Cost Index HUD has developed the Low Transportation Cost Index, which estimates the percentage of income that residents use to pay for transportation, measured at the census tract scale. The higher an area’s index score, the lower the cost of transportation. Index scores can be influenced by factors such as access to public transportation, housing density, and proximity of employment centers and other services.
Woodland has an average score of 62, meaning it has lower transportation costs than 62 percent of the nation. In comparison, costs are either the same or slightly higher in Woodland than transportation costs statewide and countywide. Yolo County has a score of 62 and the State has an average score of 66. As shown in Figure F- 19, the central area of the city, west of Highway 99, has the highest index score (59-78), indicating greater access and lower transportation costs than the rest of the city. This may be due to the extensive bus service available, grid street patterns and bike and walkability. These areas are also close to shopping and services. In contrast, the area east of CR 102 and the southwestern portions of the city have lower index scores (40 -58), indicating higher transportation costs. The area to the southwest is mostly residential with fewer retail and service available. Areas northeast within the city are primarily industrial with no residential. To the east of CR 102 these areas are undeveloped and vacant and part of larger rural census tracts, which negatively impacts their score due to larger distances to services and employment centers. As a note, the area between Pioneer and CR 102 south of Main Street has developed in the last 15 to 10 years with two large specific plan areas. South of Gibson the area is still developing and there are limited retail and services offered.
It is noted that in comparison to the TCAC Resource Map (Figure F- 16), that generally the low resource areas also have lower transportation cost index.
Woodland is a medium sized city in a largely agricultural region with adjacent nodes and employment centers including Sacramento to the east, Davis and UC Davis to the South, Yolo County and the Bay area to the west, including Cache Creek Casino, and nearby rural communities and Yolo County to the North. Transit options are provided by the Yolo County Transit District (YCTD), Yolobus, private vehicles, biking, and walking. The City’s primary transportation hub is located south of Gibson Road on East Street at the south end of the County Fair Mall and just north of the City’s Community and Senior Center. The Center includes indoor class and activity space as well as large outdoor recreation facilities that are a regional draw. A potential new or additional transit center is being considered north of Main Street and East of East Street.
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Figure F-19: HUD Low Transportation Cost Index, City of Woodland
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Yolo County Transportation District
The Yolo County Transportation District (YCTD) administers YOLOBUS, which operates local and intercity bus service 365 days a year in Yolo County and neighboring areas. Figure F-20, which identifies the location of bus stops in Woodland in relation to TCAC opportunity areas , illustrates that the City’s lower resource areas are well -served by bus stops. YOLOBUS serves Davis, West Sacramento, Winters, Woodland, downtown Sacramento, Sacramento International Airport, Cache Creek Casino Resort, Esparto, Madison, Dunnigan and Knights Landing. YCTD is a special district funded by the cities of Davis, Woodland, West Sacramento, Winters, and Yolo County. YOLOBUS oversees the operation of local and intercity transportation services, as well as local ADA services in Woodland and West Sacramento, inter -city ADA paratransit services and rural ADA route deviation services.
As an added convenience for riders, Yolobus makes connections with other local public transportation systems. With connections to Unitrans and Fairfield- Suisun Transit in Davis, and Regional Transit and Light Rail in Sacramento, the service offers a wide range of options.
The clean air transportation provides a safe, economical, and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional transportation. Yolobus now operates 48 CNG (compressed natural gas) buses.
A CNG bus is one of the lowest emission buses available in the industry. Routes include:
Regular Bus Service:
• Route 35 Southport Local: Route 35 provides hourly service, seven days a week, between West Sacramento Transit Center to southern portions of West Sacramento. Popular destinations include Southport Town Center and River City High School (Recreation Center)
• Route 41 West Sacramento Local : Route 41 provides hourly service on weekdays between West Sacramento Transit Center to a loop in northern portions of West Sacramento and provides service to downtown Sacramento. • Route 138 UC Davis/ Med Center
• Route 210 West Woodland Local: Route 210 pr ovides hourly service, M -F, via a counterclockwise loop in the west portions of Woodland. • Route 211 West Woodland Local: Route 211 provides hourly service, seven days a week, via a clockwise loop in the west portions of Woodland.
• Route 212 East Woodland Local: Route 212 provides hourly service, seven days a week, via a counterclockwise loop in the east portions of Woodland. • Route 215 Cache Creek Casino/Woodland: Route 215 provides service between Woodland and Cache Creek Casino Resort. Everyday there are si x round trips in the morning, six round trips in the afternoon, five roundtrips at night. Service is also provided to the towns of Madison, Esparto, and Capay.
• Route 216 Knights Landing / Woodland: Route 216 provides service between Knights Landing and Woodland. M, W, and F there is one round trip in the morning and one round trip in the evening.
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• Route 217 Dunnigan/ Yolo/ Woodland: Route 217 provides service between Dunnigan, Zamora, Yolo, and Woodland. Tu and Th there is one round trip in the morning and one round trip in the evening.
• Route 220 Davis/ Winters/Vacaville: Route 220 provides one morning, one mid-day, and one afternoon round trips, M-S.
• Route 240 West Sacramento/ Sacramento Shuttle: Route 240 provides hourly service, seven days a week, between downtown Sacramento and Reed Ave/I-80 area via the West Sacramento Transit Center.
• Route 42 A Intercity Loop Clockwise (Airport Service) and Route 42B Intercity Loop Counter-Clockwise (Airport Service): Route 42A and 42B both provide hourly service, seven days a week. Popular destinations and major transfer points include: Woodland County Fair Mall Transit Center, UC Davis Memorial Union Terminal (Connections with Unitrans and Solano), West Sacramento Transit Center, and Downtown Sacramento (connections with Sacramento Regional Transit and other regional agencies).
Commute Bus Service:
• Route 39 – Commute Bus/ Sacramento and Southport Commute: Route 39 provides four morning and four afternoon trips, M-F.
• Route 220C – Commute Bus/ Winters/Davis Commute: Route 220C provides one morning and one afternoon trip, M-F.
• Route 241 – Commute Bus/ West Sacramento/Sacramento Commute: Route 241 provides two morning and two afternoon trips, M-F.
• Route 242 – Commute Bus/ Woodland/Davis Commute: Route 242 provides one morning and one afternoon trip, M-F.
• Route 243 – Commute Bus/Woodland/ UC Davis Commute: Route 243 provides one morning and one afternoon trip, M-F.
Express Bus Service:
Express Bus Service - Routes 43, 43R, 44, 45, 45X, and 46 provide express bus service to locations including UC Davis, Sacramento, Davis, one morning and one-afternoon trip, M-F.
Paratransit Service:
Yolobus Special offers Paratransit Service via reservation.
ADA Service:
Yolobus Special offers ADA Service via reservation. Premium Servic e is available 8- 5 on weekdays to all residents of Yolo County exclusively for trips to Sacramento medical facilities.
Additionally, YCTD provides the opportunity for transit riders to provide input on their unmet transit needs by offering contact informa tion and soliciting comments. All buses are lift -equipped and includes designated priority seating for persons with disabilities and seniors.
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Community Care Car:
Community Care Car serves seniors within the Woodland city -limits to appointments, shopping, and leisure activities. Reservations are required.
Ride Share - Yolo Commute:
Yolo Commute is a service offered through SACOG, and is a non-profit organization that serves as a resource center for ridesharing information and programs. The Commuter club offers ride- matching to help find a carpool partner and will search for available vanpools.
Bike and Pedestrian Access
Woodland’s average walk score is at 48. However, it varies widely by location. Scores are in the 80s and 90s between CR 98 and Matmor Road east and west and between W. Beamer and Cross. Areas along East Street also have higher scores due to available sidewalks and grid street patterns. These are locations that are identified as lower resource in the TCAC map ( Figure F- 16). Walkability scores are lower in the industrial areas where there are limited sidewalks. These same areas are shown as very bikeable with the industrial areas shown as somewhat bikeable and more car dependent. The General Plan policies promote bike and pedestrian access and the city continues to strive to upgrade existing roadways to complete streets through CIP projects and all new roadways are fully complete streets.
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Figure F-20: Yolo County Transit Stops in Relation to TCAC Opportunity Areas, Woodland
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Environmental Opportunity
TCAC and HCD measured environmental opportunity using the exposure, pollution burden, and environmental effect indicators used in California’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment CalEnviroScreen 3.0 tool. CalEnviroScreen 3.0 is a statewide ris k assessment tool that measures the cumulative impacts of multiple sources of pollution. As shown in Figure F-21, overall, Woodland has the highest environmental conditions. In fact, all census tracts that fall completely within the city’s boundaries received an environmental opportunity score greater than
0.75, indicating the most positive environmental outcomes. Alternatively, the Spring Lake neighborhood has an environmental opportunity score of less than 0.25, indicating the least positive environmental outcomes. However, it is important to note that Spring Lake’s census tract also includes areas in unincorporated Yolo County, which are primarily agricultural and have high exposure to pesticides. In comparison to other nearby incorporated ci ties, Woodland generally has higher environmental scores than the rest of the Sacramento region. TCAC Maps generally show these areas as having environmental scores as noted on the map varying from 100 to 99.
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Figure F-21: TCAC Opportunity Areas - Environmental Score, Tract
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, 2021.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Proximity to Jobs
The 2014-2017 HUD job proximity index quantifies the accessibility of a given neighborhood to all jobs within a core-based statistical area (CBSA). CBSAs tend to be larger in size and do not follow city boundaries. CBSAs are anchored by at least one urban center with a population of at least 10,000 along with adjacent counties that are socioeconomically tied to the urban center by commuting. In this case, the CBSA encompasses the cities of Woodland, Davis, Roseville, Sacramento, and Folsom. Accessibility to jobs is measured by distance “as the crow flies” to employment centers and does not integrate transportation and commuter data. Moreover, this index positively weighs larger employment centers as opposed to small , neighborhood commercials centers, and it inversely weighs the labor supply or competition in a location.
The southern portion of Woodland has the lowest jobs proximity index, with most of this area having a job index between 20 and 40, and one census tract south of Gibson R oad and along Highway 113 having a jobs index less than 20, meaning that those residents have the furthest proximity to jobs (see Figure F-22). However, it should be noted that this lowest-scoring census tract is home to the County Fair Fashion Mall. The northern portion of the city has a slightly higher jobs index (40-60). The distribution of higher jobs proximity index scores in the north area and lower jobs proximity index scores in the south area of the city primarily stems from their distance to the Sacramento International Airport. Although the airport is not located in Yolo County, it is a 15-minute drive from Woodland. The airport is a hub for thousands of jobs and it is located just across the county line, and therefore may skew the scores of the jobs proximity index.
What is not accurately reflected in this graphic, are the jobs available to residents to the interior of the City and locally available and to the west and south of the City of Woodland. The graphic focuses on a singular job area. Further, the area shown as furthest from jobs, is actually adjacent to the SR 113 which is a direct route to UC Davis and all of the job opportunities to the south and west of Woodland including UC Davis, Davis. The Discussion provided in access to transportation opportunities (Figure F-19) provides information regarding the extensive avai lability of transit opportunities available to all community members including those who are disabled. In addition, with in the City of Woodland, most areas a conveniently accessed by both bike and pedestrian access opportunities.
Overall, the graphic, which ties to the Sacramento Airport, shows m ost of Woodland falls within the 20-60 jobs index indicating a moderate commute to job opportunities. In comparison to the region, utilizing the limited analysis, the City of Woodland has a similar jobs proximity index score to Davis, and lower scores than West Sacramento and the northern neighborhoods of Sacramento.
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Figure F-22: Jobs Proximity Index, City of Woodland, 2014-2017
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, 2021.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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F-46 | City of Woodland General Plan 2035
Recent and Planned Investments
Water, Sanitary Sewer, and Flood Risk Reduction Efforts The City of Woodland has a continuing on-going effort to ensure that all citizens and businesses have adequate potable water and sanitary sewer service. Figure F-23 shows investments in sewer, water, and flood protection systems in Woodland since 2013, as well as planned future investments. Most of the projects funded since 2013 have focused on existing older neighborhoods and facilities located in the central portions of the City, all of which are in Low Resource zones. Over time, since incorporation in 1871, the City of Woodland has expanded outward from the initial central core downtown along Main Street between East Street and Cottonwood. Many older neighborhoods are located both north and south of Main Street within this core area. Between 2013 and 2021, the City has expended $27.66 Million dollars to provide new potable water and/or rehabilitated sanitary sewer systems. The City’s Capital Infrastructure program has projects programed out through 2029, in the amount of $387.5 Million dollars. A large share of that funding ($360 million) will be directed toward construction of a flood levee located north of the City that will provide significant flood protection to existing residential, commercial, and industrial areas within the city. In addition, the city assisted in infrastructure improvements to a nearby disadvantaged community located north of the City, identified as the Westucky Water Association.
Transportation Improvement Infrastructure Investment Efforts Since 2007, the City of Woodland has resurfaced every existing local roadway and provided lighted crosswalks and speed feedback signs at all elementary schools in the City. ADA ramps have been improved throughout the City with each road project in addition to those specifically funded with CDBG. Work on the local streets, which includes ADA improvements, typically cost between $300,000 to $500,000 per project. Figure F-24 shows the more major roadway improvements that have occurred since 2007. Major projects completed between 2007 and 2018 total $40.5 Million and Planned/Funded/In progress projects between 2020 and 2023 total $15.2 Million in City investment. The majority of the projects completed and planned are within Low Resource zones. The map also illustrates major unfunded projects, including East Street, which is a significant north – south arterial on which several housing sites are located. Widening of this roadway is constrained due to a rail line located on the west side. However, future improvements on East Street will likely include separated sidewalk and bike lanes, which will provide a safer and more appealing environment for walking and biking and better access to transportation facilities.
All major roadway improvements have improved sidewalks and added bike lanes. The City’s overall goal is to provide a complete and safe bikeway network to allow comprehensive access throughout town.
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General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-47
Figure F-23: Infrastructure Opportunity
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F-48 | City of Woodland General Plan 2035
Figure F-24: Infrastructure Investment
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General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-49
F.2.5 Disproportionate Housing Needs
Cost Burden
Overpayment or “housing cost burden” is defined as households paying more than 30 percent of their gross income on housing related expenses, including rent or mortgage payments and utilities. Extreme cost burden is described as paying more than 50 percent of household income on housing costs. Section B.4.2 in Appendix B discusses overpayment, cost burden and extreme cost burden by income level and tenure. Overpayment for renters is a chronic is sue throughout the city and region. However, according to the ACS, overpayment among renters has decreased since 2014, mainly in neighborhoods with more resources, such as those in the southwest corner of the city around Gibson Road and Cottonwood Street. Renters who are overpaying for housing are more concentrated in the center of the city, with one census tract southeast of Main Street and East Street having 61 percent of renters overpaying for housing (Figure F-25). This census tract contains a diverse mix of uses, including several mobile home parks, a large apartment complex, and generally an older housing stock north of Oak Street . About 50 percent of households are renters and 50 percent are owners, indicating that a large number of the si ngle family homes are likely rented in this area. Households within this census tract also have much lower incomes and a higher population of Hispanic/Latino residents compared to the citywide average. Although overpayment among homeowners is less prominent, there are still about 27 percent of homeowners overpaying for housing in Woodland. Overpayment among homeowners is highest in the area immediately north of Main Street and west of College Street, with 58 percent of homeowners overpaying (Figure F-26).
The pattern of overpayment is reflective of the Capital region as there is a disproportionate number of renters overpaying compared to homeowners. According to the 2006-2016 CHAS data, the percentage of owner households in Woodland overpaying for housing (27 percent) is very similar to the percentage overpaying in West Sacramento (28 percent) and the unincorporated County (25 percent), and higher than the percentage of owners in Davis overpaying (18 percent).
The percentage of renter households in Woodland overpaying ( 49 percent) is similar to West Sacramento (51 percent), but less than Davis (56 percent) and higher than the unincorporated County (38 percent).
Location Affordability Matrix
Figure F-27 below shows the Location Affordability Index’s median gross rent in the City of Woodland. First launched by HUD, the index measures standardized household housing and transportation cost estimates. As shown in the figure, lower median rents are in the central portion of the city along Main Street. In comparison to other nearby incorporated cities, Woodland’s median gross rents generally match that of the region. Using 2012- 2016 ACS data, the index ratings show that the city has median gross rents between $1,000 and $2,000 a month. These rents are primarily affordable to moderate- income households, but generally out of reach for lower-income households.
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Figure F-25: Overpayment by Renters 2015-2019, City of Woodland
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, 2021. U.S. Census 2015-2019 ACS 5 Year Estimates.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis. For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-51
Figure F-26: Overpayment by Homeowners 2015-2019, City of Woodland
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, 2021. U.S. Census 2015-2019 ACS 5 Year Estimates.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis. For further context, please refer to the section on figures an d analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Figure F-27: Location Affordability Index, Tract
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, 2021.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis. For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-53
Overcrowding
Overcrowding of residential units, in which there is more than one person per room, can be a potential indicator that households are experiencing economic hardship and are struggling to afford housing. According to the ACS, in 2013-2017, at least 7.2 percent of households were overcrowded in Woodland. Overcrowding in Woodland is higher than overcrowding rates county wide ( 5.3 percent), and the state average (8.2 percent). Many areas of the city are less than or equal to the statewide average of 8.2 percent, but four out of eleven tracts were significantly higher (over 10 percent) than the average. These overcrowded census tracts are generally concentrated in the central and northern portions of the city (see Figure F-28) where there is a larger concentration of lower income residents and overpayment is also more prevalent. Specifically, one area located between Main Street and Gibson Road, west of East Street, had the highest overcrowding rate in the city at 19 percent. In comparison to the rest of the region, Woodland generally has higher overcrowding rates (7.2 percent), especially compared to the nearby cities of Davis (3.4 percent) and West Sacramento (5.4 percent); however, rates of overcrowding in Woodland are similar to the unincorporated areas of the County (6.5 percent) . Additional information on overcrowding is provided in Appendix B: Housing Needs, Section B.2.3 and Table B-6.
Substandard Housing
According to 2015 -2019 ACS, less than 2 percent of housing units in Woodland lacked either complete kitchen or plumbing facilities (265 units and 90 units respectively). However, as discussed in the Housing Needs Assessment (Appendix B, Section B.3.3, Housing Age and Condition), approximately 1,537 units may be dilapidated since they were built prior to 1939 and nearly 72.9 percent of the homes in the city were constructed prior to 1989 indicating potential need for repair or rehabilitation. Therefore, the Housing Element includes a program to assist homeowners to make needed home repairs. Additional information on housing conditions is provided in Appendix B: Housing Needs Assessment, Section B.3.3. Table F-3 identifies presence of housing issues by income and tenure. The four housing related problems identified include: 1) housing unit lacks complete kitchen facilities; 2) housing unit lacks complete plumbing facilities; 3) household is overcrowded; and 4) household is cost burdened.
Table F-3: Housing Problems by Tenure
Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total 0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total
Number of Households
Having 1 or more of four
housing problems 1,560 785 525 255 3,125 300 385 260 125 1,070 Having none of four
housing problems 490 955 1,540 910 3,895 300 670 1,310 1,250 3,530 Household has negative
income, but non of the
other housing problems
70 0 0 0 70 15 0 0 0 15
Source 2013-2017 CHAS, City of Woodland.
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Figure F-28: Overcrowded Households 2015-2019, City of Woodland
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, 2021. U.S. Census 2015-2019 ACS 5 Year Estimates.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-55
In comparison with the total number of households in the analysis , 67 percent of all extremely low-income households, 42 percent of very low -income households, 22 percent of low-income households, and 15 percent of moderate income households have one or more problem s. This highlights the need to continue to facilitate additional affordable housing and the preservation of existing housing. In addition, agencies such as Yolo County Housing Authority are encouraged to increase available units and to secure additional housing vouchers as possible.
Historic Context
It is noted that Woodland has a significant stock of older well-preserved homes and that the Main Street is a National Historic Registered District. There are two recognized Honorary Historic districts one to the south of Main Street and the second north of Beamer and Woodland Avenue and between College and Sutter. Further, the City has a neighborhood preservation district that borders the downtown (Main Street) to the north and south. The neighborhoods in the historic districts bordering the downtown have many historic homes that are well maintained. The neighborhoods radiating outward from the Downtown blocks and just east of East Street may have homes in varying condition.
Displacement Risk
The rising cost of housing is becoming an increasingly important housing security issue in the Greater Sacramento region, especially for renters. Gentrification is the process by which the influx of capital and higher -income residents into working-class neighborhoods changes the essential character of that neighborhood and displace lower-income residents. Displacement occurs when housing costs or neighborhood conditions force people out and drive rents so high that lower - income people are excluded from moving in. Sensitive areas contain populations at the neighborhood level that could be particularly susceptible to displacement in the face of exacerbated market -based pressures. According to the UC Berkeley Urban Displacement Project, a census tract was flagged as a sensitive community if it met the following criteria as both vulnerable and experiencing market-based displacement pressure:
1. Proportion of very low-income residents was above 20 percent in 2017; and
2. The census tract meets two of the following criteria:
a. Share of renters is above 40 percent in 2017;
b. Share of people of color is above 50 percent in 2017; c. Share of very low-income households (50 percent AMI or below) that are also severely rent burdened households is above the county median in 2017; or d. Nearby areas have been experiencing displacement pressures.
According to these metrics, six out of eleven census tracts in Woodland are vulnerable to displacement because of the high proportion of households that are renters with low to moderate income (Figure F- 29). The census tracts at -risk of displacement in the future are the neighborhoods in the central and northern parts of the cit y, west of Highway 113 and north of Gibson Road.
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Figure F-29: Sensitive Communities 2013-2017, City of Woodland
Source: HCD AFFH Data Resources and Mapping Tool, 2021. UC Berkeley Urban Displacement Project, U.S. Census 2013-2017 ACS 5 Year Estimates.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
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Displacement due to Fire or Flood
Woodland is not at risk for wildland fire. The City of Woodland is surrounded by waterways that periodically flood. These waterways include Cache Creek to the north and northwest and the Yolo Bypass/Sacramento River system to the east. In the event of a severe storm, these water bodies can overtop creek banks and levees, or levees could fail, resulting in flooding in Woodland. While climate change could potentially impact flooding from these waterways, the extent of these impacts has not been assessed. Nonetheless, the City has identified flooding from Cache Creek which lies nor49-50th as the City limit as the greatest flood threat for Woodland. To address this, the City has partnered with the California Department of Water Resources to identify and implement a flood risk reduction project to meet the state's urban level of flood protection requirements in a cost -effective manner. The proposed project, Woodland Flood Risk Management Project, has been formulated to be compatible with alternatives currently being evaluated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as part of the ongoing Low Cache Creek Feasibility Study. Portions of three low -mod census block groups in the northern section of the City could be impacted if Cache Creek floods the City. Construction of the Woodland Flood Risk Management Project would protect these areas.
Homelessness
The most recent homeless count for Woodland took place on January 22, 2019 and identified 238 homeless individuals (75 sheltered and 163 unsheltered) (Table F-4). A homeless count was not conducted in 2021 because of the COVID -19 pandemic. Countywide, there were 655 homeless individuals counted (258 sheltered and 397 unsheltered) in 2019. More than 67 percent of homeless are male (40 sheltered and 121 unsheltered) in Woodland. This is slightly more than the 62 percent reported Countywide . For Woodland’s unsheltered homeless, 114 slept outside; 28 slept in a car, camper, or recreational vehicle with no utility hookups (water, sewer, and electric); 16 slept in someone else's home (outside, garage, or shed); 3 slept in a building not meant for habitation; and 2 slept in an abandoned building.
Almost two thirds of the homeless are white (46 sheltered and 109 unsheltered). Countywide, the number is 53 percent. African Americans made up 12 percent of the homeless population (15 sheltered and 14 unsheltered) in Woodland which is slightly less than the countywide result of 14 percent. Other racial groups combined (Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, and multiple races) (6 sheltered and 13 sheltered) accounted for 8 percent of the homeless population. The countywide result for the same groups is 10 percent.
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Table F-4: Homeless Individuals by Race and Ethnicity
Race Sheltered Unsheltered (optional)
White 46 109
Black or African American 15 14
Asian 0 1
American Indian or Alaska Native 1 4
Pacific Islander 3 5
Ethnicity Sheltered Unsheltered (optional)
Hispanic 21 44
Not Hispanic 44 71
Data Source Comments: the race of 35 homeless individuals (8 sheltered and 27 unsheltered) and the ethnicity of 58 homeless individuals (10 sheltered and 48 unsheltered) was unknown.
The race of nearly 15 percent individuals counted as homeless was unknown (8 sheltered and 27 unsheltered). For ethnicity, 65 individuals representing 27.3 percent of the homeless population identified as Hispanic/Latino (21 sheltered and 44 unsheltered). Countywide, 22 percent of the homeless population identified as Hispanic/Latino. The entire homeless population of 238 individuals met the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development definition of chronic homelessness by experiencing frequent long- term homelessness combined with a disability (diagnoses of post-traumatic stress disorder, serious mental illness, substance use disorder, developmental disability, or a cognitive or physical illness or disability).
Facilities, services, and housing to serve the needs of homeless in Woodland include the following:
• Fourth and Hope's 100-bed emergency shelter for homeless adults, • Empower Yolo's Wallace & Vanucci Center (31-bed emergency shelter located outside of Woodland in Yolo County that serves Woodland and jurisdictions in the county for victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, and human trafficking), • Fourth & Hope’s day services program at its emergency shelter for shelter guests and individuals not staying at the shelter (meals, showers, laundry, and other services), • Yolo County Health & Human Services Agency's CalWorks Housing Allocation Program to temporarily shelter homeless families in local motels and assist them get into permanent housing,
• Cold Weather Shelter services (217-2020) and Project Roomkey (2021) • Yolo Food Bank (food distribution at various locations in Woodland), • Walter’s House (44-bed transitional housing/treatment facility), Cache Creek Lodge (22 - bed transitional housing/treatment facility),
• Fourth and Hope (permanent supportive housing for families and single individuals), • Yolo Community Care Continuum (permanent supportive housing for adults with mental illnesses),
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General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-59
• Empower Yolo (clothing closest that also provides hygiene products), • Hansen Family Health Center (medical, dental, and behavioral services for lower include households and the homeless),
• Woodland Joint Unified School District (Homeless Youth Services – support with school enrollment, deciding which school is best for the child, obtaining basic school supplies, supplemental services and free school meals, resources in providing public transportation to and from school, and referrals to necessary resources in the community), • Yolo County Office of Education (assistance for homeless children regarding school enrollment, attendance, referrals to community services, tutoring, etc.), and • City of Woodland Homeless Coordinator (engages homeless residents, provides referrals for services, and works closely with social service agencies and Yolo County to coordinate services and whenever possible shelter/housing options).
Future resources include a 61-unit permanent supportive housing project for homeless individuals and a 60 -bed residential treatment facility that will replace an e xisting 44 -bed facility. Both resources are located on City-owned land and construction of the infrastructure necessary for the projects began in July 2021. Additional information about homeless housing needs is located in Appendix B, Section B.2.5.
F.2.6 Other Relevant Factors
Regional Loan Denial Rates
Throughout the Sacramento Valley region, homeownership rates vary widely by race and ethnicity. However, all communities of color experience higher rates of loan denial than non- Hispanic White applicants. In addition, Hispanic households are more likely than any other group to receive a subprime loan. Subprime mortgages are a type of housing loan most often given to individuals that have a weak credit history. Subprime mortgages are more expensive because there is a higher pre-determined risk of default and carry higher interest rates. A concentration of subprime mortgages in areas with concentrations of people of color is a potential consequence of historically punitive practices, such as redlining. Despite efforts to reform long- standing practices of discrimination in the housing credit system, patterns of inequality still exist. The Great Recession and housing crisis brought to light the unusually high concentration of non -White residents with subprime mortgages and property foreclosures across the country.
In 2017, there were 89,838 loan applications filed in the Sacramento region for owner -occupied homes, 4.7 percent of loans were subprime, which is slightly higher than the national rate of 4 percent. There was a regional denial rate of 17 percent. As displayed in Figure F-30, these denial rates varied substantially by census tracts, with higher denial rates located in three areas of the city: 1) the northwest section of the city west of College Street and north of Southwood Drive, 2) the center of the city between East Street, College Street, Main Street, and Gibson Road, and 3) a section of the city east of Highway 113 , south of Interstate I -5, and north of Gibson Road .
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F-60 | City of Woodland General Plan 2035
Moreover, these areas of higher loan denial rates correlate with higher concentrations of non- White residents, with some areas as high as 80 percent non-White and over 60 percent non- White on average (Figure F-6), demonstrating that communities of color experience higher rates of loan denial in Woodland.
According to the AI, low -Income households and those receiving Section 8 housing choice vouchers were most likely to experience being denied housing to rent or buy. Black (53 percent), Native American (49 percent), and Hispanic respondents (42 percent) were more likely than non- Hispanic White (27 percent) or Asian survey respondents (21 percent) to have experienced denial of housing to rent or buy. Large families, households that include a member with a disability, and households with children under age 18 all experienced housing denial at rates higher than the region overall. Common reasons for being denied housing among respondents included income (including type of income), credit, and eviction history.
Figure F-30: Loan Denial Rates by Census Tract, Sacramento Region, 2017
Source: FFIEC HMDA Raw Data, 2017; Root Policy Research, 2020.
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General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-61
Rates of Homeownership
Homeownership is a powerful vehicle for counteracting rising housing prices and the effects of gentrification and displacement, especiall y for lower -income households. Although the citywide homeownership rate was 54 percent in 2019, not all racial and ethnic groups in Woodland had the same likelihood of owning a home. As shown in Table F-5 , residents who identified as non - Hispanic White, Asian, or Multiracial had much higher rates of homeownership than the citywide average. In contrast, residents who identified as Black, American Indian and Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, Hispanic, or some other race had much lower rates of homeownership and, thus, they are more at risk of being displaced due to rising rental prices.
Table F-5: Housing Tenure by Race/Ethnicity, City of Woodland Owner Occupied Renter Occupied Total Occupied
Units
Number Percent
of Total
Number Percent
of Total
Number
White non-Hispanic 6,384 64% 3,584 36% 9,968
Black 86 32% 181 68% 267
Asian 1,122 62% 691 38% 1,813
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 4 20% 16 80% 20 American Indian and Alaskan Native 108 39% 171 61% 279 Some other Race 683 47% 775 53% 1,458
Multiracial (Two or more races) 339 66% 177 34% 516
Hispanic or Latino 2,464 39% 3,799 61% 6,263
Total 11,190 54% 9,394 46% 20,584
Source: U.S. Census, 2015-2019 ACS 5 Year Estimates, Table S2502.
F.2.7 Sites Inventory
A primary goal of the fair housing assessment is to ensure available sites for lower -income housing are located equitably across a region and within communities with fair access to opportunities and resources. Ensuring that sites for housing, particularly lower-income units, are in high resource areas rather than concentrated in areas of high segregation and poverty requires jurisdictions to consider the accessibility of various opportunities including jobs, transportation, good education, and health services when planning for housing. Figure F-28 and Table F-6 show the location of sites in the Housing Element sites inventory compared to the distribution of low and moderate income populations by census tract and Figure F- 29 and Table F-7 show these same sites in comparison to the TCAC/HCD opportunity areas. Both figures highlight the location of existing affordable housing as well as vacant and underutilized sites. By comparing the sites inventory to a few of the fair housing indicators identified in this assessment, this section analyzes whether or not the sites included in the 2021- 2029 Housing Element sites inventory improve or exacerbate fair housing conditions and patterns of segregation.
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Location of Existing Affordable Housing
According to the California Housing Partnership’s affordable housing database in 2020, there are currently 1,233 lower income units distributed across 15 sites in Woodland. Figures F-31 and F- 32 show the location of the City’s existing affordable housing in relation to the percent of low to moderate income and TCAC opportunity areas. T he map notes the location of 10 additional projects that have some affordability requirements. As shown in Figures F-31 and F-32, the City’s existing affordable units are spread throughout the community, but not necessarily in the areas with highest incomes or highest resource opportunity . These units are mostly located the city’s low and moderate resource areas, such as along Main Street and East Gibson Road, but none of them are located in the only high resource area in the city’s southwestern neighborhood , which developed in the 1960s through 1980s as an exclusively single-family neighborhood.
Affordable units listed include: Rochdale Grange (SL), Tarracina (SL), Mutual Housing (SL), Eaglewood Apartments, Woodmark Apartments, Sycamore Point, Leisureville Community Association mobile home park, Casa Del Sol (mobile homes), Acacia Glen Senior Apartments, Crosswood Apartments, Lincoln Gardens II, Cherry Glen Apartments, Summertree Apartments, Greenery Apartments, Hotel Woodland, 925 North (ELI homeless individuals), Donnelly Circle (public housing), Yolano Village (public housing), Greens Annex (ELI & VL), New Dimensions Apartments, Mercy Housing, Fair Plaza Senior apartments, Cottonwood Meadows, Heritage Oaks, Cache Creek Supportive Housing. In addition, two anticipated projects are identified which will result in at least 280 units, but could be higher if density bonus is utilized.
Potential Effect on Patterns of Segregation
A large majority of the lower-income sites identified in the Housing Element are concentrated in the central part of the city, which already has a high concentration of individual s with low to moderate incomes (see Table F-6 and Figure F- 2831 The geographic distribution of proposed affordable housing sites could reinforce existing patterns of segregation and be considered a barrier to affirmatively furthering fair housing.
Table F-6: Sites Inventory Capacity (Units) in Relation to Low to Moderate Income Census Tracts Capacity by
Income Level (Units)
Percent of Low to Moderate Income Population by Census Tract 0%-25% 25%-50% 50%-75% 75%-100%
Lower income sites 0 660 578 0
Moderate Income Sites 0 642 386 0
Above moderate income sites 1 1,289 208 0
Total 1 2,591 1,172 0
Note: Unit totals include pipeline projects, realistic unit capacity, and research and technology park specific plan.
Source: Ascent 2022.
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Potential Effect on Access to Opportunity
Nearly all of the City’s housing sites identified in the inventory are within areas designated by TCAC/HCD as low resource or moderate resource (see Figure F-31). As shown in Table F-7, of the lower-income sites identified in the Housing Element’s sites inventory, 69 percent are located in low resource areas of the city, 31 percent in moderate resources areas, and none of the sites are in high resources areas . These low resource areas are considered areas that lack direct access to the good schools, jobs, and positive economic outcomes of high resource areas , therefore the sites inventory has the potential to exacerbate fair housing issues related to access to opportunity for lower-income residents. However, these areas considered “low resource” have great potential for reinvestment in the future. As illustrated in Figures F-31 and F-32 it would likely be beneficial for new development to occur in low resource areas in order to provide improved housing choice to residents who wish to be closer to the downtown and transit access.
Because of the City’s inclusionary ordinances, both citywide and specific to Spring Lake and the Southeast Area Specific Plans, recent affordable housing multi-family developments have been built in newly developing area s. In Spring Lake there are three newly constructed multifamily affordable projects and there is a there is an affordable land dedication site that is held by a housing non-profit with the intent of building 112 new low -income senior units. Further, a new affordable project has been approved at 310 West Main Street that will be developed as a fully affordable housing project by Chelsea Investment Co a non -profit affordable housing builder. In addition, in the last year the city has dedicated city owned land to facilitate the development of a homeless facility with emergency, eventual transitional housing , and services on East Beamer Street. Further, the inclusionary ordinance in the Southeast Area Specific Plan and Spring Lake have resulted in single family housing that has been available to qualified lower income homeowners.
As with many older cities , Woodland’s development over time has radiated from the center downtown core outward. Several areas along key corridors were developed prior to incorporation.
In addition, in some areas of the city development occurred prior to inclusionary ordinance requirements. This is the case in the Southwest portion of the City, approved in the 60s and 70s, and built out with existing single-family homes. There is no available land to facilitate development of newer affordable housing.
The city continues to utilize grant funding and other capital improvement funds to provide infrastructure improvements, including complete street features, to facilitate greater community access for walking and bik ing. Initial focus has been along roads with the greatest safety concerns. The city improved the roadway segment along Kentucky Avenue from East Street to College 2 years ago. Street work is occurring along West Main Street and Court Street and will begin soon along East Main Street. A segment of Gibson Road from College to East Street will be improved this summer to add bike lanes. Incremental improvements have occurred along East Street in conjunction with new development. The City has recently received grant funding from the SACOG REAP program to work with the Yolo County Housing Authority to evaluate a larger
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concept plan for the area Northeast of East Street and Main Street. It is anticipated that future grant funding for improvements will follow the necessary planning. Further, the City continues to work with the Northern California Railroad to remove tracks and cars from the northeast corner of Main Street and East Street, which will benefit the area and make it more desirable for development.
It is the condition that it is along East Street and West Main Street where there are the greatest number of properties that are suitable for inclusion in the housing sites list due to size, vacancy and zoning. There are a number of additional sites in the City that are not vacant that may be suitable for future housing development. Several of these sites have existing older commercial developments. Current zoning supports new housing by allowing multi-family as a permitted use and providing objective development standards in the Interim Zoning Standards. The City is currently working on a comprehensive update to the city Zoning Ordinance that will further assist and facilitate new housing production citywide.
The City continues to work with potential applicants and to look for new ways to encourage both affordable and market rat e housing development throughout the community. The Housing Element implementation programs describe the City’s commitment to investing in areas along East Street and Main Street to provide needed infrastructure updates to better connect these areas to the rest of the community. The City has just received notification of a REAP Green Means Go grant award to facilitate planning and support efforts in coordination with Yolo County Housing Authority to facilitate local development opportunities for the neighborhood located at the Northeast corner of East Street and Main Street.
In addition, the City’s 2035 General Plan Public Facilities and Services Element (Chapter 5) and Healthy Community Element (Chapter 6) include numerous goals and policies relating to public and private partnerships with the School District, as well as programming activities for the economically disadvantaged. The Healthy Community Element includes goals related to Health Equity, Healthy Food, and Communi ty Facilities and programs. Goal 5E: Educational Opportunities, and Policies 5.E.1 – 5.E.10 address various options for providing educational opportunities. The City’s Implementation Program, Appendix A to the 2035 General Plan, also includes a number of programs.
The City uses Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds to fund both services and improvements in lower income block group and census tract areas. The City prepares a five year Consolidated Plan (CHAS) as well as an Annual Action Plan. The CH AS provides a similar analysis of housing needs and priorities as a means to help direct use of CDBG funding. The City has funded $333,688 in FY 2020/2021 for infrastructure improvements that assist with Health Services, Housing Rehabilitation, and ADA Acc essibility. An additional $77,004 in funding is directed to Public Service agencies for Food and Shelter services, Employment Training, Health Services, and Fair Housing Services.
The City will continue to encourage and facilitate as possible additional housing opportunities provided by the Yolo County Housing Authority, both housing units and housing vouchers. Yolo
Public Hearing Draft 2035
General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-65
County Housing (YCH) operates two public housing developments in Woodland: Yolano Drive (60 family units) and Donnelly Circle (72 family units) which are generally fully occupied. A total of 6,711 families are on the wait list for the two developments. YCH also administers the countywide Housing Choice Voucher program (individual vouchers, project-based vouchers, and special purpose vouchers). A total of 908 families are on the wait list countywide for individual vouchers and 2,399 families are on the wait list countywide for project-based voucher units. YCHA is seeking funds to create a master plan to more efficiently utilize existing land resour ces to increase the number of housing units that will be housing choice voucher based for lower and moderate income households.
Table F-7: Sites Inventory Capacity (Units) in Relation to TCAC/HCD Opportunity Areas Capacity by Income Level (Units) Low resource Moderate High Units Percent Units Percent Units Percent
Lower income sites 849 69% 390 31% 0 0%
Moderate Income Sites 413 40% 615 60% 0 0%
Above moderate income sites 264 18% 1,233 82% 1 <1%
Total 1,526 41% 2,238 59% 1 <1%
Note: Unit totals include pipeline projects, realistic unit capacity, and research and technology park specific plan.
Source: Ascent 2022.
Potential Effect on Disproportionate Housing Needs
As described previously, six census tracts along Main Street and College Street and generally neighborhoods in the northwest and central portions of the City are vulnerable to displacement (see Figure F- 29), due to a higher percentage of renters who may be lower income and overpaying for housing. The majority of the lower-income sites are in these areas, which can provide stability for lower-income households susceptible to displacement.
Revised Draft | May 2022
F-66 | City of Woodland General Plan 2035
Figure F-31: Sites Inventory and Existing and Proposed Affordable Developments in Relation to Low to Moderate Income Census Tracts, Woodland
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2015-2019 ACS 5-year estimates. HCD AFFH Data and Mapping Tool. California Housing Partnership, Affordable Rental Housing Benefits Map, 2020. City of Woodland, 2021. Ascent, 2021.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
Public Hearing Draft 2035
General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-67
Figure F-32: Sites Inventory and Existing and Proposed Affordable Developments in Relation to TCAC/HCD Opportunity Areas, Woodland
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2015-2019 ACS 5-year estimates. HCD AFFH Data and Mapping Tool. California Housing Partnership, Affordable Rental Housing Benefits Map, 2020. City of Woodland, 2021. Ascent, 2021.
Note: The area east of Interstate-5 and north of East Main Street, and the area south of Interstate-5 and east of County Road 102 were excluded from the analysis . For further context, please refer to the section on figures and analysis found in the introduction of this assessment.
Revised Draft | May 2022
F-68 | City of Woodland General Plan 2035
Section F.3 Fair Housing Issues, Contributing Factors, and Programs
Based on the findings from this assessment, there are two main fair housing issues in Woodland:
risk of displacement and disparities in access to opportunity. Pursuant to Government Code Section 65583 (c)(10)(A)(v), the Housing Element includes several policies and programs to proactively address fair housing issues and replace segregated living patterns with integrated and balanced communities (see Table F-8, below).
Public Hearing Draft 2035
General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-69
Table F-8: Factors that Contribute to Fair Housing Issues and Implementation Programs to AFFH AFH Identified Fair
Housing Issue Contributing Factors Implementation Programs Metrics
Predominance of Low
Resource Areas
Throughout the City
A majority of Woodland is
classified as “low resource
areas” that lack the access to
opportunities present in
higher resource areas. This is
largely due to a historical lack
of private investment in these
areas of the city. Low
resource areas of the city are
also predominately made up
of lower-income households
and Latino/Hispanic
households.
The following place-based strategies focus on directing investments to low resource areas of the city in an effort to improve living conditions and access to amenities and
resources in these areas:
C.11. CDBG Funding Allocation. Continue to evaluate
program needs and services when allocating CDBG funding with an emphasis on funding investments in low and
moderate resource areas to increase access to opportunities in these areas.
C.9. Invest in Low Resource Areas
Prioritize and direct public investment and improvements to facilitate place-based revitalization of lower opportunity areas to improve resilience, facilitate revitalization, and reduce potential displacement risk.
Utilize REAP grant funds to work with Yolo County Housing Authority to develop a plan for the neighborhood located northeast of East and Main Streets, to promote housing
opportunities and improve conditions. Additionally, seek subsequent grant funding opportunities.
B.4. Downtown Infill and Housing Preservation. Continue to encourage the preservation of existing housing in the downtown area, the conversion of underutilized upper floors of commercial buildings to housing, and construction of infill, mixed-use housing projects with street-level commercial use…
- 80% of CDBG funds to assist
low- and moderate-income
households with emphasis on
Low resource areas
- Apply for $300,000 in grant
funding to invest in low resource
areas
- 183 infill housing units
Downtown, including 112 lower-
income and 71 above moderate-
income units Disparities in Access
to Opportunity
Woodland has one high
resource neighborhood in the
southwest corner of the city.
Other neighborhoods in the
southern part of the city are
classified as moderate
resource, whereas the central
and northern part of the city is
classified as low resource.
Building affordable rental
housing in the high and
moderate resource areas of
The following strategies focus on expanding affordable
housing opportunities in high and moderate resource areas and increasing housing mobility for housing choice voucher participants:
A2. Comprehensive Zoning Code Update. Utilize SB2,
LEAP, and REAP funding to ensure a complete update to the City’s Zoning Code to streamline and facilitate housing production and variety.
• …Provide expanded residential development
opportunities, including allowing residential uses in
the Community Commercial Zone and increasing
- 30 units in duplex/triplex/ other
“affordable by design” housing
types in high and moderate
resource areas
- 303 units created through the
Affordable Housing Ordinance
Revised Draft | May 2022
F-70 | City of Woodland General Plan 2035
Table F-8: Factors that Contribute to Fair Housing Issues and Implementation Programs to AFFH AFH Identified Fair
Housing Issue Contributing Factors Implementation Programs Metrics
the city is a challenge due to
the lack of vacant land in
these areas.
the allowed density in some low-density areas to
medium density, (as originally allowed in the prior
zoning code and 2035 General Plan).
• Consider amendments to allow duplex/triplex/and
other unit types in higher resource areas to
affirmatively further fair housing. (If amendments are
not feasible, develop alternative strategy to increase
access to housing in high opportunity areas.)
A.5. Maintain and Strengthen the Affordable Housing
Ordinance. Regularly review the Affordable Housing
Ordinance to identify opportunities to better support
affordable housing production goals and affirmatively further fair housing while ensuring any changes do not pose
constraints to housing production.
A.13. Accessory Dwelling Units. Continue to encourage
new residential development projects to incorporate
accessory dwelling units (ADUs) or multi-gen units that can be utilized as ADUs in the future adn are not subject to impact fees.
C.3. Encourage Landlord Participation in Housing
Choice Voucher Program. Coordinate with the Housing
Authority to explore creation of an incentive-based program to encourage landlords to accept housing choice vouchers. If an incentive-based program is determined to not be feasible due to lack of funding or other constraints, the City shall conduct an informational campaign to educate landlords
about their obligation to accept vouchers under fair housing laws.
(143 in Spring Lake and 160 in
the Research and Tech Park)
- 60 ADUs and 67 multi-
generational units in high and
moderate resource
neighborhoods
- 10 new housing choice vouchers
used in high and moderate
resource neighborhoods
Displacement Risk
Lower-income renters
experience high rates of
housing cost burden and are
at greater risk of
displacement. Hispanic/Latino
residents are at even greater
risk of displacement due to
low rates of homeownership.
The following strategies address displacement risk by
preserving at-risk affordable housing units, focusing on ensuring tenants understand their rights, mediating conflict between tenants and landlords, and expanding
homeownership for Hispanic/Latino residents:
B.4. At-risk Affordable Housing. Preservation of at-risk affordable housing through the participation from agencies or funding assistance… The City will seek participation from
- Preserve 150 at-risk affordable
housing units
Public Hearing Draft 2035
General Plan 2035 City of Woodland | F-71
Table F-8: Factors that Contribute to Fair Housing Issues and Implementation Programs to AFFH AFH Identified Fair
Housing Issue Contributing Factors Implementation Programs Metrics
agencies interested in purchasing and/or managing units at- risk... the City will work with tenants to provide education regarding tenant rights and conversion procedures pursuant to California law.
C.1. Fair Housing Information. Continue to distribute Fair Housing brochures and booklets indicating what the Fair Housing laws are and where advice, assistance and
enforcement activities can be obtained… These efforts will also focus on special needs population groups that might face housing discrimination, such as farmworkers and
persons with disabilities. Increase educational outreach efforts by providing fair housing information in English and Spanish whenever feasible.
C.2. Fair Housing Open House. Support Legal Services of Northern California’s Annual Fair Housing Open House for rental property owners and various social services
organization and agencies to discuss mechanisms to
evaluate tenant applications according to fair housing law.
Increase educational outreach efforts by providing fair housing information in English and Spanish whenever
feasible.
C.6. Fair Housing Hotline Project. Affirmatively further fair housing by contracting with the Fair Housing Hotline Project provided through Legal Services of Northern California… C.7. First Time Homebuyer Program. Continue to support a First Time Homebuyer program to support and increase
housing opportunities for first time homebuyers…Provide program information in Spanish as an effort to increase homeownership among Hispanic/Latino residents.
C.8. Homebuyer Education and Financial Literacy.
Partner with the Housing Authority and non-profit
organizations to conduct homebuyer education and financial literacy workshops in an effort to expand access to
homeownership, with an emphasis on homeownership
among Hispanic/Latinx residents.
- 20 percent reduction in cases of
housing discrimination
- 10 percent increase in
homeownership among
Hispanic/Latino residents
STATE OF CALIFORNIA - BUSINESS, CONSUMER SERVICES AND HOUSING AGENCY GAVIN NEWSOM, Governor
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
DIVISION OF HOUSING POLICY DEVELOPMENT
2020 W. El Camino Avenue, Suite 500
Sacramento, CA 95833
(916) 263-2911 / FAX (916) 263-7453
www.hcd.ca.gov
December 8, 2021
Ken Hiatt, City Manager
City of Woodland
300 First Street, 2
nd Floor
Woodland, CA, 95695
Dear Ken Hiatt:
RE: Woodland’s 6
th Cycle (2021-2029) Adopted Housing Element
Thank you for submitting the City of Woodland’s (City) housing element adopted September 7, 2021 and received for review on September 13, 2021. Pursuant to Government Code section 65585, subdivision (h), the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) is reporting the results of its review.
The adopted housing element addresses many statutory requirements described in HCD’s July 13, 2021 letter; however, additional revisions are necessary to fully comply with State Housing Element Law (Article 10.6 of the Gov. Code), see enclosed Appendix. The element will meet the statutory requirements of State Housing Element Law once it has been revised and re-adopted pursuant to Government Code section 65585.
As a reminder, the City’s 6th cycle housing element was due May 15, 2021. As of today, the City has not completed the housing element process for the 6th cycle. The City’s 5th cycle housing element no longer satisfies statutory requirements. HCD encourages the City to revise the element as described above, adopt, and submit to HCD to regain housing element compliance.
Several federal, state, and regional funding programs consider housing element compliance as an eligibility or ranking criteria. For example, the CalTrans Senate Bill (SB) 1 Sustainable Communities grant; the Strategic Growth Council and HCD’s Affordable Housing and Sustainable Communities programs; and HCD’s Permanent Local Housing Allocation consider housing element compliance and/or annual reporting requirements pursuant to Government Code section 65400. With a compliant housing element, the City meets housing element requirements for these and other funding sources.
For your information, some general plan element updates are triggered by housing element adoption. HCD reminds the City to consider timing provisions and welcomes
Ken Hiatt, City Manager
W
oodland’s 6th Cycle Adopted Housing Element Page 2
December 8, 2021
the opportunity to provide assistance. For information, please see the Technical Advisories issued by the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research at:
http://opr.ca.gov/docs/OPR_Appendix_C_final.pdf
and
http://opr.ca.gov/docs/Final_6.26.15.pdf.
H
CD appreciates the dedication that Cindy Norris, Principal Planner, provided throughout the housing element review. We are committed to assist the City in addressing all statutory requirements of State Housing Element Law. If you have any questions or need additional technical assistance, please contact Hillary Prasad, of our staff, at [email protected]
.
Sin
cerely,
Seni
or Program Manager
E
nclosure
Paul McDougall
Woodland’s 6th Cycle Adopted Housing Element Page 1 December 8, 2021
APPENDIX
CITY OF WOODLAND
The following changes are necessary to bring the City’s housing element into compliance with Article 10.6 of the Government Code. Accompanying each recommended change, we cite the supporting section of the Government Code.
Housing element technical assistance information is available on HCD’s website at http://www.hcd.ca.gov/community-development/housing-element/housing-element-memos.shtml .
Among other resources, the housing element section contains HCD’s latest technical assistance tool, Building Blocks for Effective Housing Elements (Building Blocks), available at http://www.hcd.ca.gov/community-development/building-blocks/index.shtml and includes the Government Code addressing State Housing Element Law and other resources.
A. Housing Needs, Resources, and Constraints
1. Affirmatively further[ing] fair housing in accordance with Chapter 15 (commencing with Section 8899.50) of Division 1 of Title 2…shall include an assessment of fair housing in the jurisdiction. (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (c)(10)(A).)
Disproportionate Housing Needs, including Displacement Risk: While the element refers to Appendix B for data on cost burden and overcrowding, it should address patterns and trends at a local and regional level for cost burden and overcrowding in relation to affirmatively furthering fair housing.
Goals, Priorities, Metrics, and Milestones: Goals and actions must significantly seek to overcome contributing factors to fair housing issues. Currently, the element identifies program(s) to encourage and promote affordable housing; however, most of these programs do not appear to facilitate any meaningful change nor address affirmatively furthering fair housing requirements. Programs should address enhancing housing mobility strategies; encouraging development of new affordable housing in high resource areas; improving place-based strategies to encourage community conservation and revitalization, including preservation of existing affordable housing; and protecting existing residents from displacement. Furthermore, the element must include metrics and milestones for evaluating progress on programs, actions, and fair housing results.
2. An inventory of land suitable and available for residential development, including vacant sites and sites having realistic and demonstrated potential for redevelopment during the planning period to meet the locality’s housing need for a designated income level, and an analysis of the relationship of zoning and public facilities and services to these sites. (Gov.
Code, § 65583, subd. (a)(3).)
Realistic Capacity: As noted in the prior review, calculations of capacity must account for the likelihood of 100 percent non-residential uses. While the element states that commercial uses are not required in mixed-use zones and some examples of residential
Woodland’s 6th Cycle Adopted Housing Element Page 2 December 8, 2021
projects are provided, the analysis should also address the likelihood for 100 percent non- residential uses and account for that likelihood in the calculations of residential capacity.
Availability of Infrastructure: While the element states there is sufficient utility capacity for customers, as noted in the prior review, it must still clarify whether there is sufficient total capacity to accommodate the City’s RHNA, especially sewer capacity and add or modify program, if necessary.
Water/Sewer Priority: The element was not revised to address HCD’s prior finding. Please see the July 13, 2021 review.
Zoning for a Variety of Housing Types:
• Emergency Shelters: As noted in the prior review, the element must demonstrate capacity and proximity to services in Zones C and E of the East Street Corridor Plan. In response, the element now discusses capacity and proximity in areas outside of the East Street Corridor where shelters are not permitted without discretionary action as required by state law. Please see HCD’s prior review.
• Transitional and Supportive Housing: While the element now addresses requirements for Permanent Supportive Housing By-Right, as noted in the prior review, it must also still comply with AB 101, Low Barrier Navigation Centers.
For example, Program A25 could include clear and specific commitment to amend zoning to permit Low Barrier Navigation Centers pursuant to Government Code section 65660.
3. Analyze any special housing needs such as elderly; persons with disabilities, including a developmental disability; large families; farmworkers; families with female heads of households; and families and persons in need of emergency shelter. (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (a)(7).)
The element now includes information on persons with disabilities by type (e.g., ambulatory, vision and hearing difficulty), it must still identify and analyze the needs of persons with developmental disabilities as noted in the prior review.
B. Housing Programs
1. Include a program which sets forth a schedule of actions during the planning period, each with a timeline for implementation, which may recognize that certain programs are ongoing, such that there will be beneficial impacts of the programs within the planning period... (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (c).)
As noted in the prior review, programs must include discrete timing. Programs that still need to be revised include Programs A10 (Promote the Density Bonus Incentive Program), Program C9 (Support First Time Homebuyer), and Program C10 (Utilize REAP
Woodland’s 6th Cycle Adopted Housing Element Page 3 December 8, 2021
Grant Funds). This may include how often outreach or technical assistance will occur or how often the City will apply for funding.
2. Identify actions that will be taken to make sites available during the planning period with appropriate zoning and development standards and with services and facilities to accommodate that portion of the city’s or county’s share of the regional housing need for each income level that could not be accommodated on sites identified in the inventory completed.. …without rezoning... (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (c)(1).)
As noted in Finding A2, the element does not include a complete site analysis; therefore, the adequacy of sites and zoning were not established. Based on the results of a complete sites inventory and analysis, the City may need to add or revise programs to address a shortfall of sites or zoning available to encourage a variety of housing types.
3. The housing element shall contain programs which assist in the development of adequate housing to meet the needs of extremely low-, very low-, low- and moderate-income households. (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (c)(2).)
Extremely Low Income (ELI) Households: While the element includes construction and preservation of extremely low-income units which may include City funding, program(s) must consider additional actions. Program actions could include prioritizing some funding for housing developments affordable to ELI households and offering financial incentives or regulatory concessions to encourage the development of housing types, such as multifamily, single-room occupancy (SRO) units, to address the identified housing needs for ELI households.
Density Bonus: While the element includes Program A10 to amend the density bonus to comply with state law (Gov. Code, § 65915), the Program should commit to adopt an ordinance earlier in the planning period (e.g., 1 year) and could consider frequent review of state law (e.g., annual) and appropriate updates if necessary.
4. Address and, where appropriate and legally possible, remove governmental and nongovernmental constraints to the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing, including housing for all income levels and housing for persons with disabilities.
The program shall remove constraints to, and provide reasonable accommodations for housing designed for, intended for occupancy by, or with supportive services for, persons with disabilities. (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (c)(3).)
As noted in Finding A3, the element requires a complete analysis of potential governmental constraints. Depending upon the results of that analysis, the City may need to revise or add programs and address and remove or mitigate any identified constraints.
In addition, the element must be revised as follows:
Reasonable Accommodation Procedure: The element has modified Program C11 to meet with stakeholders, identify constraints and to the extent feasible, amend procedures.
However, the element clearly identifies constraints related to reasonable accommodation
Woodland’s 6th Cycle Adopted Housing Element Page 4 December 8, 2021
and as noted in the prior review, Program C11 should have specific and clear commitment to address identified constraints in the reasonable accommodation procedure related to the surrounding uses finding and the conditional use permit (CUP) requirement.
Group Homes for Seven or More Persons: The element now includes Program C11 to meet with stakeholders and potentially address identified constraints. However, the element clearly identifies constraints and as noted in the prior review, the Program should include specific commitment to mitigate constraints of excluding housing for persons with disabilities (group homes for seven or more persons) from residential zones and subjecting those uses to conditional use permit processes.
5. Promote and affirmatively further fair housing opportunities and promote housing throughout the community or communities for all persons regardless of race, religion, sex, marital status, ancestry, national origin, color, familial status, or disability, and other characteristics... (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (c)(5).)
As mentioned in Finding A1, programs throughout the element should be revised to address enhancing housing mobility strategies; encouraging development of new affordable housing in high resource areas; improving place-based strategies to encourage community conservation and revitalization, including preservation of existing affordable housing; and protecting existing residents from displacement. The programs should include metrics and milestones toward targeted outcomes.
C. Public Participation
Local governments shall make a diligent effort to achieve public participation of all economic segments of the community in the development of the housing element, and the element shall describe this effort. (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd.(c)(8).)
The availability of the element to the public and opportunity for public comment prior to submittal to HCD is essential to the public process and HCD’s review. The City must proactively make future revisions available to the public, including any commenters, prior to submitting any revisions to HCD and diligently consider and address comments, including revising the document where appropriate. The City’s consideration of public comments must not be limited by HCD’s findings in this review letter.
STATE OF CALIFORNIA - BUSINESS, CONSUMER SERVICES AND HOUSING AGENCY GAVIN NEWSOM, Governor
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
DIVISION OF HOUSING POLICY DEVELOPMENT
2020 W. El Camino Avenue, Suite 500
Sacramento, CA 95833
(916) 263-2911 / FAX (916) 263-7453
www.hcd.ca.gov
August 15, 2022
Brent Meyer, Director
Community Development Department
City of Woodland
300 First Street
Woodland, CA 95695
Dear Brent Meyer:
RE: City of Woodland’s 6
th Cycle (2021-2029) Revised Draft Housing Element
Thank you for submitting the City of Woodland’s (City) revised draft housing element update received for review on June 16, 2022. Pursuant to Government Code section 65585, subdivision (b), the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) is reporting the results of its review. Our review was facilitated by a conversation on August 1, 2022 with Cindy Norris, Principal Planner, and consultant Chelsey Payne. In addition, HCD considered comments from Maxwell Davis pursuant to Government Code section 65585, subdivision (c).
The revised draft housing element addresses most statutory requirements described in HCD’s December 8, 2021 review; however, additional revisions are necessary to fully comply with State Housing Element Law (Article 10.6 of the Gov. Code), as follows:
1. Affirmatively further[ing] fair housing in accordance with Chapter 15 (commencing with Section 8899.50) of Division 1 of Title 2…shall include an assessment of fair housing in the jurisdiction. (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (c)(10)(A).)
Goals, Actions, Metrics, and Milestones: While many programs in the element were revised to include metrics and milestones, programs must also include geographic targeting toward affirmatively furthering fair housing (AFFH) outcomes. HCD will provide additional information under a separate cover. In addition, the place-based approach that the City is taking for AFFH must commit to activities beyond housing rehabilitation utilizing Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funding and could, for example, prioritize the capital improvement program toward lower income neighborhoods or reflect broader efforts toward community revitalization (e.g., complete streets, safe routes to school, parks, sidewalks, landscaping, libraries, community amenities, etc.).
Brent Meyer, Director
2. An inventory of land suitable and available for residential development, including vacant sites and sites having realistic and demonstrated potential for redevelopment during the planning period to meet the locality’s housing need for a designated income level, and an analysis of the relationship of zoning and public facilities and services to these sites. (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (a)(3).)
Annexation: Currently, the element identifies a shortfall of adequate sites to accommodate the regional housing need allocation (RHNA) for above moderate- income households (p. C-13, Table C-45). Pursuant to Government Code section 65583, subdivision (c)(3), since the City has not adopted an element in compliance within 120 days of the statutory deadline (May 15, 2021), rezoning must be completed no later than one year from the statutory deadline. As a result, HCD cannot find the element in compliance until the rezoning is complete.
Zoning for Emergency Shelters: The element does not identify any zone which allows emergency shelters as a permitted use without a conditional use or other discretionary permit. As a result, the element cannot be found in full compliance until City amends zoning to permit year-round emergency shelters without discretionary action pursuant to Government Code section 65583, subdivision (a)(4)(A). The identified zone(s) must have sufficient capacity to accommodate the need for shelters and meet various other requirements related to site suitability and development standards. HCD will send sample analyses and programs under separate cover.
3. Include a program which sets forth a schedule of actions during the planning period, each with a timeline for implementation, which may recognize that certain programs are ongoing, such that there will be beneficial impacts of the programs within the planning period... (Gov. Code, § 65583, subd. (c).)
Program C7 (Support First Time Homebuyer): As noted in the prior review, the Program must be revised to include discrete timing.
Extremely Low Income (ELI) Households: While Program A8 (Provide Assistance and Incentives to Facilitate Affordable Housing) was revised to add priority for ELI households, it must include specific timing to implement the listed incentives as well as describe how often assistance will be provided to developers.
Group Homes for Seven or More Persons: Program C10 (Zoning Code Procedures for Persons with Disabilities) must commit to allowing group homes for seven or more residents in residential zones and ensure zoning permits group homes objectively with approval certainty.
Housing Conditions: The element previously included a program to conduct a housing conditions survey, but the program was removed from the element. This information can be utilized to target resources as part of place-based strategies to improve community revitalization and AFFH and the element should add back the program.
Brent Meyer, Director
Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) and Multigenerational Units: While the element was revised to include ADUs and multigenerational units towards meeting the City’s RHNA, it must commit to monitor ADU and multigenerational unit production throughout the planning period and implement additional actions if not meeting target numbers as anticipated in the housing element. In addition to monitoring production, this program should also monitor affordability. Additional actions, if necessary, should be taken in a timely manner (e.g., within 6 months).
Finally, if necessary, the degree of additional actions should be in stride with the degree of the gap in production and affordability. For example, if actual production and affordability of ADUs and multigenerational units is far from anticipated trends, then rezoning or something similar would be an appropriate action. If actual production and affordability is near anticipated trends, then measures like outreach and marketing might be more appropriate.
The element will meet the statutory requirements of State Housing Element Law once it has been revised and re-adopted to comply with the above requirements.
Public participation in the development, adoption and implementation of the housing element is essential to effective housing planning. Throughout the housing element process, the City must continue to engage the community, including organizations that represent lower-income and special needs households, by making information regularly available while considering and incorporating comments where appropriate. Please be aware, any revisions to the element must be posted on the local government’s website and to email a link to all individuals and organizations that have previously requested notices relating to the local government’s housing element at least seven days before submitting to HCD.
Several federal, state, and regional funding programs consider housing element compliance as an eligibility or ranking criteria. For example, the CalTrans Senate Bill (SB) 1 Sustainable Communities grant; the Strategic Growth Council and HCD’s Affordable Housing and Sustainable Communities programs; and HCD’s Permanent Local Housing Allocation consider housing element compliance and/or annual reporting requirements pursuant to Government Code section 65400. With a compliant housing element, the City will meet housing element requirements for these and other funding sources.
For your information, some general plan element updates are triggered by housing element adoption. HCD reminds the City to consider timing provisions and welcomes the opportunity to provide assistance. For information, please see the Technical Advisories issued by the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research at:
https://www.opr.ca.gov/planning/general-plan/guidelines.html .
HCD appreciates the hard work and dedication of Cindy Norris, Principal Planner, and consultant Chelsey Payne, in preparation of the City’s housing element and looks
Brent Meyer, Director
forward to receiving the City’s adopted housing element. If you have any questions or need additional technical assistance, please contact Hillary Prasad, of our staff, at [email protected]
.
Sincerely,
Paul McDougall
Senior Program Manager
Nov 18, 2022
On behalf of David Kellogg (a Contra Costa County resident), 350 Contra Costa, Greenbelt Alliance, CaRLA, Scott O’Neil (a resident of Palo Alto), Watson Ladd (a resident of Berkeley), Marven Normal (a resident of San Bernadino), Dara Dadachanji (a resident of San Francisco), and George Grohwin (a resident of San Francisco), we provide the following comment on the Housing Element from WOODLAND.
Issue
The Housing Element from WOODLAND fails to adequately analyze compliance with one of the state’s fundamental streamlining laws.
Under PRC 21080.1 & 21080.2, a lead agency must determine if a housing development is exempt from CEQA within 30 days of completeness, or if an EIR or other CEQA document will be required.
For CEQA-exempt housing, this CEQA determination then triggers a 60-day approval clock (with deemed approved remedies) under the Permit Streamlining Act. Thus, if state housing laws were followed, CEQA-exempt housing projects should generally receive approvals in about 120 days.
1. 30 days to determine completeness
2. 30 days for CEQA review
3. 60 days for approval.
WOODLAND does not appear to issue determinations of CEQA-exemption within 30 days of completeness. As a result, builders and the public are denied the right to the timely approval of housing. Additionally, the builders are forced into an unreasonable bargaining position, as they lack the “deemed approved” options they should have. This improperly empowers jurisdictions to treat builders arbitrarily in the entitlement process.
Moreover, WOODLAND has no apparent good-faith basis for delaying CEQA-exemption determinations beyond the allowance of Public Resources Code 21080.1 & 21080.2. In the vast majority of instances, these exemptions are uncontested and straightforward.
Recommendation
The Housing Element from WOODLAND should include an analysis of compliance in its approval process with PRC 21080.1 & 21080.2.
The Housing Element from WOODLAND should add a program to specify (i) who is responsible for making the CEQA determination of PRC 21080.1, specify (ii) that their decision will be made within the timeframe permitted by PRC 21080.2, and specify that
(iii), when they determine a project is exempt from CEQA, their determination triggers the Permit Streamlining Act (PSA) 60-day deadline (Gov. Code 65950(a)(5)). If existing local practices or regulations are incompatible with these state laws, the program should commit to enacting reforms necessary to achieve compliance within a reasonable and definite timeline.
HCD Technical Assistance Letter
The CEQA issues mentioned herein are discussed in the June 3, 2022 Technical Assistance letter sent to Berkeley by Shannan West, Housing Accountability Unit Chief (copy included below).
In the letter, HCD notes that Berkeley had been issuing “recommendations” of CEQA- exemption and that the actual “determinations” were made more than 30 days beyond the completeness date. HCD notes that such practice was in violation of PRC 21080.1 & 21080.2 and “may act as a governmental constraint on housing.”
STATE OF CALIFORNIA - BUSINESS, CONSUMER SERVICES AND HOUSING AGENCY GAVIN NEWSOM, Governor
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
DIVISION OF HOUSING POLICY DEVELOPMENT
2020 W. El Camino Avenue, Suite 500
Sacramento, CA 95833
(916) 263-2911 / FAX (916) 263-7453
www.hcd.ca.gov
J
anuary 26, 2023
B
rent Meyer, Director
Community Development Department
City of Woodland
300 First Street
Woodland, CA 95695
D
ear Brent Meyer:
R
E: City of Woodland’s 6th Cycle (2021-2029) Revised Draft Housing Element
T
hank you for submitting the City of Woodland’s (City) revised draft housing element update received for review on November 28, 2022, along with revisions received on January 24, 2023. Pursuant to Government Code section 65585, subdivision (b), the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) is reporting the results of its review. Our review was facilitated by a telephone conversation on January 11, 2023 with Cindy Norris and consultant Chelsey Payne.
T
he draft element meets statutory requirements of State Housing Element Law (Article
10.6 of the Gov. Code), except HCD cannot find the element in full compliance until City amends zoning to permit year-round emergency shelters without discretionary action pursuant to Government Code section 65583, subdivision (a)(4)(A). Program A.14 (Zoning for Emergency Shelters and Supportive Housing) commits to amend zoning to permit emergency shelters in at least one zone without discretionary action. As noted in the current element (p. D-17), this has not been implemented. Statute required the appropriate zoning to be completed in the first year of the 4 th cycle of the housing
element. As a result, HCD cannot find the element in full compliance. The element will comply with housing element law once the City has completed these zoning amendments and submitted the adopted element to HCD pursuant to Government Code section 65585.
A
s a reminder, the City’s 6th cycle housing element was due May 15, 2021. As of today, the City has not completed the housing element process for the 6th cycle. The City’s 5th cycle housing element no longer satisfies statutory requirements. HCD encourages the City to revise the element as described above, adopt, and submit to HCD to regain housing element compliance.
P
ublic participation in the development, adoption and implementation of the housing element is essential to effective housing planning. Throughout the housing element
Brent Meyer, Director
process, the City must continue to engage the community, including organizations that represent lower-income and special needs households, by making information regularly available while considering and incorporating comments where appropriate. Please be aware, any revisions to the element must be posted on the local government’s website and to email a link to all individuals and organizations that have previously requested notices relating to the local government’s housing element at least seven days before submitting to HCD.
Several federal, state, and regional funding programs consider housing element compliance as an eligibility or ranking criteria. For example, the CalTrans Senate Bill (SB) 1 Sustainable Communities grant; the Strategic Growth Council and HCD’s Affordable Housing and Sustainable Communities programs; and HCD’s Permanent Local Housing Allocation consider housing element compliance and/or annual reporting requirements pursuant to Government Code section 65400. With a compliant housing element, the City will meet housing element requirements for these and other funding sources.
F
or your information, some general plan element updates are triggered by housing element adoption. HCD reminds the City to consider timing provisions and welcomes the opportunity to provide assistance. For information, please see the Technical Advisories issued by the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research at:
https://www.opr.ca.gov/planning/general-plan/guidelines.html.
H
CD appreciates the hard work and dedication of Cindy Norris and consultant Chelsey Payne, in preparation of the City’s housing element and looks forward to receiving the City’s adopted housing element. If you have any questions or need additional technical assistance, please contact Hillary Prasad, of our staff, at [email protected].
S
incerely,
P
aul McDougall
Senior Program Manager
TO: THE HONORABLE MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL
AGENDA: City Council Regular Meeting
DATE: March 21, 2023
ITEM #: J.13
SUBJECT: Campbell Park Neighborhood Traffic Calming
Recommendation for Action: Staff recommends that the City Council 1) receive an update on the results of the neighborhood review and approval of the traffic calming plan and 2) provide staff direction on implementation of neighborhood traffic calming within the Campbell Park Neighborhood.
Staff Contact:
Katie Wurzel, Principal Civil Engineer, (530) 661-5954, [email protected]
Fiscal Impact:
The Traffic Calming Program is included in the approved Capital Budget as CIP 19-06. The budget includes a total of $400,000 from the General Fund (Fund 501 - Capital Projects) to review and update the city's Traffic Calming Program and fund critical traffic calming improvements. The project budget has approximately $120,000 remaining for the current fiscal year. The proposed FY24 Capital Budget includes $100,000 for next fiscal year.
Based upon the conceptual design as shown in the attached exhibits, the total estimated cost for the design and construction of the Campbell Park neighborhood traffic calming project is approximately $169,000.
Background:
Council adopted the current Traffic Calming Program in July 2020, which was based upon the review and comparison of 25 other similarly sized and situated California cities and upon the interim approval and subsequent revision to the Program based upon lessons learned.
In early 2022, staff received a petition for traffic calming in the Campbell Park neighborhood in accordance with the Traffic Calming Program. This petition requested the consideration of active traffic calming on Thomas Street between E. Main Street and E. Gum Avenue; E. Oak Avenue from East Street to Matmor Road; and on Colette Way from Matmor Road to Thomas Street. The petition specifically requested speed cushions on these corridors to address vehicles traveling on these streets above the posted speed limit.
Discussion:
Pursuant to the Traffic Calming Program, upon receipt of the petition, staff performed a traffic study of the area. This study included collecting traffic volumes, speeds, collision history and physical characteristics of all three corridors. This corridor data was compared to the City warrants for the placement of traffic calming.
The study data indicated that all but two of the corridors met warrants for active traffic calming (speed humps). The two sections that did not meet were Colette between Matmor and Thomas and Thomas between Collette and Oak. However, it was determined to include these sections in the neighborhood application of traffic calming due to the potential impact the calming measures on the other road sections could have on these streets.
At the conclusion of the study, a conceptual traffic calming plan for the neighborhood was prepared
and mailed to all primary residents and property owners – those with property lines on the impacted roadway; these residents received a ballot to vote on implementation. Concurrently, the plan was sent to residents surrounding the area who might be affected by the implementation; these residents were permitted to submit written protests of the project.
The Traffic Calming Program requires that 75% of the residents within the implementation area return ballots indicating approval of the project. Further, there must be less than 25% protest received from the affected area.
As of the close of the ballot submittal deadline, the 75% approval threshold had not been met for the area. Pursuant to the Traffic Calming Plan, failure to meet the threshold would result in the termination of the process. However, given the long-standing concern and substantial neighborhood support received for the plan, staff felt it appropriate to share the results of the process with the Council for input and direction.
The attachment provides details on the responses received from the primary area. However, the summary of responses received were as follows:
65% Support
1% Oppose
33% No Response
Responses from the area anticipated to be affected by the project were generally positive but did include the following notable responses:
• One resident of Johnston noted that the traffic speed and volume on Johnston is too high and they requested including speed humps on Johnston to prevent drivers using it to avoid the humps on Thomas and E. Oak.
• Three residents of Geoffrey and Colfax (combined) noted that many drivers currently use Geoffrey to Colfax as a cut through and they are concerned that will become a bigger problem once speed humps are installed on E. Oak and Thomas.
• Three residents of Colette between Denise and Thomas indicated concern that drivers would use Collette and Denise to avoid some of the humps placed on Thomas and E. Oak.
Given the results of the approval process, the responses received and the general lack of opposition to the implementation, staff believes the City Council has a few reasonable options for proceeding:
1. Continue with the project and implement the plan as it was shared with the neighborhood – two speed humps per block throughout the three corridors for a total of 12 humps (see attached map).
2. Continue with the project and implement only the individual blocks meeting the threshold. Staff does not recommend this option as it would result in a negligible impact on calming traffic along the corridors and within the greater neighborhood.
3. Do not continue with implementation of the project at this time as it does not meet the Program thresholds.
If the Council directs staff to continue with implementation of traffic calming in the neighborhood (either option 1 or 2 above), staff will complete the design of the project and prepare plans and specifications for City Council approval at a future meeting. Once approved, the project would then
be advertised for bidding and bid results presented to City Council along with expenditure authorization for construction. If directed to proceed, staff anticipates returning to Council for design approval and authority to bid in June.
Conclusion:
Staff recommends that the City Council 1) receive an update on the results of the neighborhood review and approval of the traffic calming plan and 2) provide staff direction on implementation of neighborhood traffic calming within the Campbell Park Neighborhood.
Prepared by: Katie Wurzel, Principal Civil Engineer
Reviewed by: Brent Meyer, Community Development Director / City Engineer
Attachments:
1. Map of Proposed Traffic Calming
2. Vote Responses
Street
Block
Parcels
%
Parcels
%
Thomas
E. Main to E. Oak
23 18
78%
1 4%
Thomas
E. Oak to Colette
26 11
42%
0 -
Thomas
Colette to E. Gum
16 11
69%
0 -
Collette
Thomas to Matmor
19 13
68%
1 5%
E. Oak
East to Thomas
16 14
88%
0 -
E. Oak
Thomas to Matmor
44 28
64%
0 -
65 40
62%
1 2%
60 42
70%
0 0%
All Corridors Combined ("Neighborhood")
144
95 66%
2 1%
Opposition Received
Approvals Received
Total
Parcels
E. Oak Corridor Combined
Thomas Corridor Combined
Campbell Park Neighborhood - Proposed Traffic Calming
Resident Vote Responses
TO: THE HONORABLE MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL
AGENDA: City Council Regular Meeting
DATE: March 21, 2023
ITEM #: J.14
SUBJECT: Updated Priority Goals and Strategic Plan for 2023- 2024
Recommendation for Action: Staff recommends that the City Council review and affirm its Updated Priority Goals and Strategic Plan for 2023-2024
Fiscal Impact
As an informational report, there is no direct fiscal impact associated with this recommendation. To the extent that identified priority projects and initiatives require resources beyond those currently appropriated, staff will return to Council for subsequent action related to funding allocations, as appropriate.
Background
City Council goals and priorities are important in several respects. First, the goals set by the Council will continue to be the basis for assessing progress made in addressing the most important issues facing the city and community. Additionally, clearly articulated Council priorities help direct the City's limited resources towards those initiatives and programs that contribute most directly to the outcomes envisioned in advancing city priorities.
Consensus and discussion of community priorities, alignment of resources, and key areas of focus among Council Members, City staff, advisory bodies, and community members fuels progress towards these goals. To this end, the City Council held a public Study Session on March 4, 2023 to review and establish its Priority Goals and Strategic Actions for 2023-2024. Staff presented updated data dashboards that have been developed to assist in measuring progress in each of the goal areas.
Additionally, City Council reviewed responses from several seniors and those living with disabilities in the community on what they like most about Woodland and areas where they feel the City can invest in continuing to improve the quality of life in our community. This discussion will lead to the study of a handful of key facility upgrades, transportation resources, and more explicit consideration of those with disability needs to be incorporated into the City’s newly adopted Equity Action Plan.
Furthermore, as part of the Study Session, the City Council held a joint meeting with the Sustainability Advisory Committee to discuss strategies to focus on the investment of the funding recently allocated for “sustainability” initiatives. This productive 45-minute session led to broad consensus around paths forward and staff will work with the Sustainability Advisory Committee to deliver a funding recommendation back to City Council in the coming months.
Discussion
The Council discussion and feedback at its March 4th Study Session informed updates on the Council’s 2-year goals and strategic actions. An updated City Council Priority Goals and Strategic Plan for 2023-24 is attached and integrates the following changes:
New Priority Initiatives:
• Quality of life: Investigate establishment of a “Clean Streets” program (or similar) to keep Woodland’s streets, parks, facilities, and neighborhoods looking good • Economic Development & Downtown: Focus on diversifying Woodland’s job base through retention, expansion, and attraction of technology-based industries • Public Safety & Infrastructure: Mitigate congestion on E. Main and secure state and federal funding for I-5/113 freeway connectors and E. Main Street Neighborhood Livability project
• Governance & Fiscal Responsibility: Reduce/manage costs for services provided to, or received from, external agencies
Major Accomplishments of 2022-23 Strategic Initiatives:
• Youth Action Plan (complete this Spring)
• Address community child care needs (invested in expanded facilities and programs) • Improvements to Sports Park Fields (completed)
• Woodland Promise Program (funded and active)
• Expand The Lab@AgStart (doubled its lab space in January 2023) • Outdoor dining and shopping parklets (adopted updated program to modify and enhance)
• Invest in community-based gun violence reduction (Advance Peace launched and active)
• Lower Cache Creek flood study (USACE approved study. Project authorized in WRDA)
While no longer identified in the Council Goals, most of these initiatives are now ongoing and will continue to receive focus through the City’s operational efforts and budgetary programming.
Staff will review these changes in more detail during the presentation and welcomes Council feedback on the updated document. Identifying and updating these goals annually helps Woodland’s staff and City Council celebrate the good work that is occurring in our community while highlighting areas of particular focus over the coming years.
Sustainability Advisory Committee Recommendation
During the joint meeting segment of the retreat, the Sustainability Advisory Committee presented their analysis and recommendation for prioritization of the funding the City Council set aside for “sustainability” initiatives (see Attachment 2). Consensus was expressed to move forward with a focus on investing in projects and programs to enhance bicycle safety and infrastructure. The City Manager has directed staff to prepare a menu of options to present to the Sustainability Advisory Committee at their mid-April meeting for input and recommendations. After that, staff will return to Council with funding recommendations at a meeting in the coming months.
Upon the Council’s review and affirmation of these materials, staff will update the City’s webpage to make the Priority Goals and Strategic Plan easily accessible for our community.
Conclusion:
Staff recommends that the City Council review and affirm its Updated Priority Goals and Strategic Plan for 2023-2024
Attachments:
1. 2023.24 Council Goals and Strategic Plan - Final
300 FIRST STREET - WOODLAND, CA 95695
City Council
Priority Goals & Strategic Plan
2023-2024
1 Improve Quality of Life
Preserve and enhance Woodland as an inclusive community and an exceptional place to live, learn, work, play, and engage for current and future generations
Key Strategies
• Promote healthy and purposeful living
• Provide opportunities for youth to thrive
• Celebrate our diversity through
multicultural events
• Continually reevaluate the effectiveness
of programs and services
• Invest in cultural and recreational
amenities
• Focus on sustainability and resiliency to
climate change
Priority Initiatives
• Formalize and expand City volunteer and internship programs • Second Aquatic Complex
• Expand public art and continue to grow multicultural events • Evaluate different models to deliver impactful, inclusive, and affordable programming
• Implement recently adopted Equity Action Plan to ensure better access to City programs, services, and facilities
• Investigate a “Clean Streets” program (or similar) to keep Woodland’s streets, parks, facilities, and neighborhoods looking good
Continuing Initiatives
• East Beamer Way Neighborhood Campus Project
• Library capital improvements
• Continue to expand access and affordability of City’s youth programs • Complete conservation easement and open Woodland Regional Park Preserve for public access and environmental education programming • Neighborhood traffic calming
• Strengthen code enforcement
• Improve overall resident engagement
• Support and assist community groups in efforts to invest in recreational facilities
2 Focus on Economic
Development & Downtown
Support a vibrant economy throughout town with a diverse economic base offering a range of employment opportunities and business services; Revitalize Downtown as the heart of the community and center of civic activity
Key Strategies
• Cultivate existing businesses
• Strengthen communications and
relationships with entire business
community
• Continue to develop Woodland as a
visitor destination
• Expand digital and technology-based
economy
• Develop workforce training initiatives
in support of existing and future
economy
Priority Initiatives
• Facilitate stakeholder conversations focused on improving local workforce development initiatives
• Implement marketing, events, and promotions that drive increased business activity and hotel stays; Promote Woodland as a destination • Focus on inclusive economic development and diversifying Woodland’s job base through retention, expansion, and attraction of technology-based industries
Continuing Initiatives
• Complete entitlement process and annexation for Woodland Research and Technology Park
• Support the construction of new industrial space
• Continue to promote The Food Front industry partnership • Lighting, landscaping, and public art enhancements (with a focus on Downtown)
• Evaluate downtown parking utilization and implement changes to continually improve management and user experience
• Complete comprehensive zoning update
• Continue to communicate and connect with businesses in all areas and sectors
3 Strengthen Public Safety
& Infrastructure
Ensure that Woodland is a safe and resilient community through delivery of high quality public services and infrastructure that protects our community from risk and harm
Key Strategies
• Continually assess public safety service
delivery models
• Invest in programs that support youth
and families
• Communicate and educate the public on
neighborhood safety
• Ensure maintained infrastructure that
complies with regulations
Priority Initiatives
• Expand traffic and law enforcement patrol capacity and resources • Educate public on the importance of flood safety and take steps necessary to advance flood protection project
• Evaluate service delivery models to determine scope and develop a funding plan for relocated Fire Station 3
• Mitigate congestion on E. Main Street and secure state and federal funding for 5/113 freeway connector and E. Main Street Neighborhood Livability project
Continuing Initiatives
• Continue to invest in projects to improve the efficiency and resiliency of the City's water system and overall public infrastructure
• Continue to leverage state and outside funding for reconstruction of major roadway corridors
• Complete storm drainage outfall channel improvements and capacity expansion
• Advocate to State of California for maintenance of Cache Creek • Expand volunteer and neighborhood watch programs
• Advocate for key legislative changes to criminal justice system • Update strategic plans for Police and Fire Departments • Evaluate industry best practices in public safety delivery models and identify potential opportunities to adapt and expand capacities
4 Enhance Governance &
Fiscal Responsibility
Promote a local government and city organization that is committed to transparency and fiscal responsibility while meeting the needs of the community with effective delivery of services and information
Key Strategies
• Proactive communication of factual and
relevant information
• Utilize City boards and commissions to
effectively engage public
• Streamline budget process while
maintaining transparency
• Regularly reassess effectiveness of
government services
Priority Initiatives
• Maintain balanced budget while strategically investing in projects and programs that yield fiscal, social, and / or environmental benefits • Ensure timely and broad based dissemination of information and seek input to continue to improve communication and engagement efforts • Assess staff recruitment, retention, training, and data collection with a focus on diversity, equity, and inclusion
• Reduce/manage costs for services provided to, or received from, external agencies
Continuing Initiatives
• Continue to strengthen alignment of City's boards, commissions, and advisory committees with Council priorities
• Improve collaboration with partner agencies and community organizations • Improve and expand access to constituent services
• Invest in improved service delivery and organizational efficiencies • Continue to work with labor groups to address budget priorities while ensuring adequate benefits
• Review the City’s investment policy