Agenda packet — Yorba Linda City Council, January 20, 2026 (part 3 of 17)

Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
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Connect Savi Ranch Project
NES(MI) 4 November 4, 2025

1.2.5 Traffic Signage and Lighting
The project would require the removal and/or relocation of streetlights along existing roadways; all street lighting removals, relocations, and/or installation would be conducted by Southern California Edison per plans approved by the City. New illuminated traffic signs would be installed at the intersections of Yorba Linda Boulevard/Savi Ranch Parkway and Savi Ranch Parkway/Mirage Street.

1.2.6 Landscaping and Irrigation
Vegetation clearing and grubbing would be required for roadway and multiuse trail improvements. The project would include new landscaping consisting of Natchez crape myrtle tree (Lagerstroemia indica 'Natchez'), a variety of shrubs such as Little John dwarf bottlebrush (Callistemon citrinus 'Little John'), flower carpet white rose (Rosa 'Flower Carpet White'), Cleveland sage (Salvia clevelandii), and pine muhly (Muhlenbergia dubia), and Pacific mist manzanita (Arctostaphylos 'Pacific Mist') groundcover. Irrigation would be provided by lateral sprinklers, tree drip water bubblers, a root water system for shrubs, and subsurface inline drip, all connected to existing water lines.

1.2.7 Site Drainage and Utilities
The project proposes to remove two existing catch basins and install two new catch basins; one catch basin would be located at the corner of Mirage Street and Crystal Drive and would incorporate biofiltration, and the other catch basin would be located at the southwest corner of Savi Ranch Parkway and Mirage Street. Additionally, tree wells for new planted trees would include filters for biofiltration.

Project implementation would require that existing utilities be removed, relocated, or adjusted to grade. Coordination with all utility providers would be required to prevent disruption of services and protect existing lines to the extent feasible. Connections to existing water lines would be required for landscape irrigation.

2. Study Methods

2.1 Regulatory Requirements

2.1.1 Federal Requirements
• National Environmental Policy Act (42 United States Code [USC] § 4321 et seq.). The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) requires all federal agencies to consider environmental factors through a systematic interdisciplinary approach before committing to a course of action. The NEPA process is an overall framework for the environmental evaluation of federal actions. • Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 USC § 1531 et seq.). The federal Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) provides for the conservation of

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endangered and threatened species and the ecosystems upon which they depend. Section 7 of the act requires federal agencies, in consultation with and with the assistance of the Secretary of the Interior or the Secretary of Commerce, as appropriate, to ensure that actions they authorize, fund, or carry out are not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of threatened or endangered species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat for these species. The US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA Fisheries) share responsibilities for administering the ESA.
• Clean Water Act (33 USC § 1251 et seq.). The Clean Water Act (CWA) provides guidance for restoring and maintaining the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters. Section 404 places the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in charge of regulating the discharge of dredged or fill material into essentially all water bodies, including wetlands. Federal agencies are required to avoid impacting wetlands whenever there is a practicable alternative. Section 404 established a permit program, administered by the USACE, that regulates these discharges. Section 401 mandates that an applicant for a federal license or permit allowing activities that result in discharges to waters of the U.S. must obtain state certification. This certification ensures that the discharge complies with other provisions of the CWA. In California, the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and Regional Water Quality Boards (RWQCB) administer the certification program. The guidelines stipulate that the discharge of dredged or fill material into the aquatic system is permitted only if no practicable alternative with less adverse impacts is available.
• Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1934, as Amended (16 USC §§ 661- 666). This act applies to any federal project where the waters of any stream or other body of water are impounded, diverted, deepened, or otherwise modified.

Project proponents must consult with the USFWS and California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). Reports and recommendations prepared by these agencies document project effects on wildlife and identify measures that may be adopted to prevent loss or damage to wildlife resources. The term "wildlife" includes both animals and plants. Provisions of the act are implemented through the NEPA process and Section 404 permit process.
• Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 USC §§ 703-712). The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) is a treaty with Canada, Mexico, and Japan that makes it unlawful at any time, by any means or in any manner, to pursue, hunt, take, capture, or kill migratory birds. The law applies to the removal of nests (such as swallow nests on bridges) occupied by migratory birds during the breeding season. California Fish and Game Code (CFGC) Sections 3503 and 3503.5 (protection of birds’ nests) and 3513 (taking Migratory Bird Treaty Act birds) also prohibit the destruction of any nest, egg, or nestling.

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• Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 USC §§ 668-668(d); 50 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] Part 22). The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, enacted in 1940 and amended several times since, aims to protect bald and golden eagles by prohibiting the taking of these birds, including their parts, nests, or eggs, without a permit issued by the Secretary of the Interior. The term "taking" encompasses actions such as pursuing, shooting, poisoning, wounding, killing, capturing, trapping, collecting, molesting, or disturbing the eagles. The act is administered by the USFWS, which issues permits for activities that might affect these protected birds.
• Executive Order 11990 – Protection of Wetlands. Executive Order 11990 directs federal agencies to avoid impacting wetlands when there is a practicable alternative and mandates a Wetlands Only Practicable Alternative Finding if impacts are unavoidable. DOT Order 5660.1A and the Federal Highway Administration's technical guidance ensure compliance, requiring early public involvement in projects affecting wetlands.
• Executive Order 13112 – Invasive Species. In 1999, President Clinton signed Executive Order 13112, requiring federal agencies to prevent the spread of invasive species. Defined as non-native species causing harm to the economy, environment, or human health, invasive species must be considered under NEPA analysis, using the Invasive Species Council of California's list. Agencies are mandated to take measures to minimize the risk of harm before authorizing or funding actions that may introduce invasive species.

2.1.2 State Requirements
• California Environmental Quality Act of 1970. The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), as amended, requires public agencies to regulate activities which may affect the quality of the environment so that major consideration is given to preventing damage to the environment. The Governor’s Office of Planning and Research publishes “The Guidelines for the Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act,” which are binding regulations for public agencies’ implementation of the act.
• California Endangered Species Act (CFGC §§ 2050-2085). The California Endangered Species Act (CESA) states that all native species of fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, invertebrates, and plants, and their habitats, threatened with extinction and those experiencing a substantial decline which, if not halted, would lead to a threatened or endangered designation, will be protected or preserved. The CESA mandates that state agencies should not approve projects that would jeopardize the continued existence of these threatened or endangered species if reasonable and prudent alternatives are available that would avoid jeopardy. CDFW is responsible for administering CESA.

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• California Fully Protected Species (CFGC §§ 3511, 4700, 5050, 5515). “Fully protected” species are designated by the CDFW as those species that cannot be taken or possessed at any time, except for specific scientific research or recovery efforts. CFGC Section 3511 covers birds (e.g., golden eagle), Section 4700 includes mammals (e.g., bighorn sheep), Section 5050 addresses reptiles and amphibians, and Section 5515 pertains to fish. These protections aim to prevent extinction and ensure the conservation of these vulnerable species. • California Fish and Game Code Sections1600 et seq. (Lake and Streambed Alteration). These sections of the CFGC require notification to the CDFW prior to any project that would divert, obstruct, or change the natural flow or bed, channel or bank of any river, stream, or lake. Preliminary notification and project review generally occur during the environmental process. When an existing fish or wildlife resource may be substantially adversely affected, the CDFW is required to propose reasonable project changes to protect the resource. These modifications are formalized in a “streambed alteration agreement,” which becomes part of the plans, specifications, and bid documents for the project. • California Native Plant Protection Act (Fish and Game Code §§ 1900-1913).

California’s Native Plant Protection Act requires all state agencies to utilize their authority to carry out programs to conserve endangered and rare native plants.

Provisions of the act prohibit the taking of listed plants from the wild and require notifying CDFW at least 10 days in advance of any change in land use. This allows CDFW to salvage listed plant species that would otherwise be destroyed.

Caltrans is required to conduct botanical inventories and consult with CDFW during project planning to comply with the provisions of this act and sections of CEQA that apply to rare or endangered plants.
• Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act (California Water Code § 13000 et seq.). The Porter-Cologne Act (Water Code, Division 7) is the basic water quality control law for California. The act is implemented by the SWRCB and the nine RWQCBs. The RWQCBs implement the permit provisions (Section 402) and certain planning provisions (sections 205, 208, and 303) of the federal CWA. This means that the state issues one discharge permit for purposes of both state and federal law. Under state law, the permit is called a waste discharge requirement (WDR). Under federal law, the permit is called a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. This law requires that anyone who is discharging waste or proposing to discharge waste which could affect the quality of the state’s water must file a “report of waste discharge” with that RWQCB. This regulatory law is becoming more prominent on projects involving impacts to isolated waters of the state (non 404/401 waters), often requiring WDR permits for impacts to waters of the state.

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2.2 Studies Required
The terms "project footprint" and "limits of disturbance" (LOD) refer to the area designated for direct impact, including both permanent and temporary impacts. The general reconnaissance, habitat assessment, and vegetation mapping were carried out within the BSA, which encompasses the project footprint (6.6 acres) and a 100-foot buffer (18.0 acres) for a total of 24.6 acres (Appendix A, Figure 3).

For this Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts) [NES(MI)], the region is defined as areas depicted on the USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle maps that include the BSA (Black Star Canyon and Prado Dam) and seven surrounding quadrangles (Santiago Peak, Tustin, El Toro, Corona North, Corona South, Orange, and Yorba Linda). Specialstatus species are defined as those plant and animal species that are candidate, proposed, or state or federally listed as endangered or threatened species; species that have been designated as fully protected or as species of special concern in California by the CDFW; and species that have been given a California Rare Plant Rank of 1A, 1B, 2A, or 2B. Species that do not meet any of these criteria are not analyzed in this report.

The proposed project required a comprehensive literature review and database search and a general habitat assessment field review. The general field survey included a habitat assessment to determine suitability of the BSA to support special-status plant and animal species and potentially jurisdictional aquatic features. No focused studies were conducted. Representative photographs of the BSA are included in Appendix B, Site Photographs.

2.2.1 Literature Search
A thorough literature review and records search was conducted to identify the specialstatus plants, animal, and natural communities that have the potential to occur within the project area and general vicinity. Resources reviewed included the California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) RareFind 5 (CNDDB 2025a) and the California Native Plant Society’s (CNPS) Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants of California (CNPS 2025). In addition, the US Fish and Wildlife Service’s (USFWS) Information for Planning and Consultation Project Planning Tool (IPaC; USFWS 2025) was consulted for an official species list and for information regarding the BSA’s relation to designated critical habitat. The records search included the USGS Black Star Canyon 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map and surrounding eight quadrangles (Prado Dam, Santiago Peak, Tustin, El Toro, Corona South, Corona North, Orange, and Yorba Linda). The CNDDB and IPaC species lists are included in Appendix C, Literature Review.

The current conservation status of species was verified through lists and resources provided by the CNDDB, specifically the Special Animals List (CNDDB 2025b) and Special Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens List (CNDDB 2025c). Standard field guides and online sources were reviewed for specific habitat requirements, range maps,

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and known locations of special-status species. All sources are included below in Section 6, References.

The project area is located outside of NOAA Fisheries jurisdiction; therefore, a species list is not required.

2.2.2 Field Reviews
A general reconnaissance survey and habitat assessment field review was conducted within the BSA to document existing conditions and determine the potential for specialstatus plant and animal species and jurisdictional aquatic features. No focused surveys were conducted.

2.2.3 Survey Methods
The general reconnaissance survey and habitat assessment field review was conducted by walking the entirety of the BSA and conducting a systematic search for any habitat that could support special-status species or potentially jurisdictional aquatic features.

Weather conditions included overcast skies, temperatures from 64 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit, and wind speeds 0-1 miles per hour.

2.3 Personnel and Survey Dates
The general reconnaissance survey and habitat assessment was conducted by Michael Baker International biologists Stephen Anderson and Allexis Cruz on May 5, 2025.

Stephen Anderson is a Senior Biologist with a bachelor’s degree in environmental studies from San Jose State University. Stephen has 11 years of experience as a general biologist, botanist, and wetland specialist conducting biological surveys and aquatic resources delineations and preparing environmental documents.

Allexis Cruz is a Regulatory Specialist with a bachelor’s degree in environmental science and policy from California State University, Long Beach. Allexis has over two years of experience as a natural resources and regulatory specialist conducting biological surveys and aquatic resources delineations and preparing environmental documents and regulatory permitting applications.

2.4 Agency Coordination and Professional Contacts
No communications with agency personnel or other professionals have occurred.

2.5 Limitations That May Influence Results
No limitations or constraints have been identified that would affect or influence the results of this analysis.

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3. Results: Environmental Setting

3.1 Description of the Existing Physical and Biological Conditions

3.1.1 Study Area
The project site is generally located north of the intersection of State Route 91 and Yorba Linda Boulevard in the City of Yorba Linda. The project site includes portions of Savi Ranch Parkway, Mirage Street, and Old Canal Road. Due to the already developed nature of the project footprint, a 100-foot buffer was used beyond the LOD for this analysis (Appendix A, Figure 3). Representative photos of the BSA are included in Appendix B.

Surrounding land uses include the Santa Ana River and commercial and residential development to the north and east, State Route 91 and commercial and residential development to the south, and Yorba Linda Boulevard and commercial development to the west.

3.1.2 Physical Conditions
The BSA occurs within a commercially developed section of the City adjacent to the Santa Ana River. The LOD primarily includes asphalt roads and ornamental landscaping adjacent to the roads, and the remainder of the BSA (i.e., 100-foot buffer beyond the LOD) includes ornamental landscaping, roads, parking lots, and buildings.

Elevation within the BSA is approximately 340 feet above mean sea level. Due to the developed nature of the BSA, native soils have been severely altered. Nevertheless, the Web Soil Survey (USDA NRCS 2025) has the following soil types mapped within the BSA (Appendix D, USDA Soils):
• Cieneba sandy loam, 15 to 30 percent slopes
• Mocho sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, warm MAAT, MLRA 19 • Myford sandy loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes
• Riverwash
• San Emigdio fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes
• San Emigdio fine sandy loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes
• Yorba cobbly sandy loam, 9 to 30 percent slopes, eroded

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3.1.3 Biological Conditions

3.1.3.1 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types
A total of 33 plant species, 9 native (27 percent) and 24 non-native (73 percent), within two land cover types, developed and ornamental landscaping, were identified in the BSA. No native vegetation communities occur within the BSA. Land cover types are listed in Table 1, shown in Appendix A, Figure 4, Vegetation Communities/Other Land Cover Types, and described below. A complete list of plant species observed within the BSA is included in Appendix E.

Developed
Developed areas comprise the majority of the BSA and consist of roads, parking lots and buildings. No vegetation occurs within the developed areas.

TABLE 1. LAND COVER TYPES
Land Cover Types
Total Acres within
the BSA
Acres within
Project Footprint
Developed 16.6 4.5
Ornamental Landscaping 8.0 2.1
TOTAL 24.6 6.6
Ornamental Landscaping
Ornamental areas are present within the BSA adjacent to existing roads and buildings.

Dominant species observed include coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia), American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), Bermuda buttercup (Oxalis pes-caprae), and California man-root (Marah fabacea). Other representative species observed include tamarisk (Tamarix sp.), panic veldt grass (Ehrharta erecta), red brome (Bromus rubens), and callery pear (Pyrus calleryana).

3.1.3.2 Animals
A total of 15 animal species, all native, including 14 birds and 1 mammal, were recorded in the BSA during the general reconnaissance survey and habitat assessment. All of the animal species detected are common to the region and adapted to habitats altered by humans. No state or federally listed or otherwise special-status animal species were detected within the BSA. A complete list of identified animal species observed within the BSA is provided in Appendix E.

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3.1.3.3 Aquatic Resources
No aquatic resources were observed within the BSA during the general reconnaissance survey and habitat assessment. Therefore, no further analysis related to aquatic resources is required.

3.1.3.4 Invasive Species
A total of 13 plant species non-native to California that are classified as invasive by the California Invasive Plant Council (CAL-IPC 2006) were observed within the BSA. These species are:
• Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana)
• Castor bean (Ricinus communis)
• Fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum)
• Ice plant (Carpobrotus edulis)
• Mexican fan palm (Washingtonia robusta)
• Milk thistle (Silybum marianum)
• Panic veldt grass (Ehrharta erecta)
• Periwinkle (Vinca major)
• Red brome (Bromus rubens)
• Ripgut brome (Bromus diandrus)
• Russian thistle (Salsola tragus)
• Tamarisk (Tamarix sp.)
• Tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca)
Refer to Appendix E for a list of plants identified in the BSA, including non-native and invasive plants.

3.1.4 Habitat Connectivity
The BSA is within a highly developed area consisting of roads and retail shopping areas. The BSA does not support habitat that would provide wildlife movement connectivity through the region. The Santa Ana River, however, occurs north of the BSA. The Santa Ana River is a prominent linear feature that provides habitat for a

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variety of animal species and connectivity to the Chino Hills to the north and Santa Ana Mountains to the south.

3.2 Regional Species and Habitats and Natural Communities of Concern

3.2.1 Special-Status Plant Species
Determinations of the likelihood of special-status plant species occurrence are based on the presence of suitable habitat, habitat quality and quantity, geographic range, elevation range, and species life history traits, including disturbance tolerance. Of the 59 special-status plant species compiled, none have the potential to occur within the BSA based on the developed nature of the BSA and lack of native vegetation communities.

These species are listed in Appendix F along with a description of their habitat requirements, conservation status, and potential to occur in the BSA.

The BSA is not within USFWS-designated critical habitat for listed plant species.

3.2.2 Special-Status Animal Species
Determinations of the likelihood of special-status animal species occurrence are based on the presence of suitable habitat, habitat quality and quantity, geographic range, elevation range, and species life history traits, including disturbance tolerance. A total of 56 special-status animal species were compiled from the CNDDB and USFWS during the literature review. These species are listed in Appendix F along with a description of their habitat requirements, conservation status, and potential to occur in the BSA. None of these special-status animals has the potential to occur within the BSA based on the developed nature of the BSA and lack of suitable habitat.

The BSA is not within USFWS-designated critical habitat for listed animal species; however, as shown in Appendix A, Figure 5, Critical Habitat, critical habitat for Santa Ana sucker occurs off-site and outside of the BSA within the Santa Ana River.

4. Results: Biological Resources, Discussion of Impacts, and Mitigation

4.1 Habitats and Natural Communities of Special Concern Habitats are considered to be of special concern based on (1) federal, state, or local laws regulating their development; (2) limited distributions; and/or (3) the habitat requirements of special-status plants or animals occurring on-site. Wetlands and waters of the US are also considered sensitive by both federal and state agencies.

The literature review and database searches determined that 13 sensitive natural communities occur within the region. These are:
• California Walnut Woodland

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• Canyon Live Oak Ravine Forest
• Riversidian Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub
• Southern California Arroyo Chub/Santa Ana Sucker Stream • Southern Coast Live Oak Riparian Forest
• Southern Coastal Salt Marsh
• Southern Cottonwood Willow Riparian Forest
• Southern Interior Cypress Forest
• Southern Riparian Forest
• Southern Riparian Scrub
• Southern Sycamore Alder Riparian Woodland
• Southern Willow Scrub
• Valley Needlegrass Grassland

4.1.1 Survey Results
As described above in the Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types section and shown in Table 1 and Appendix A, Figure 4, the BSA supports two land cover types, developed and ornamental landscaping. The BSA does not support native vegetation communities, sensitive natural communities, or wetlands or other regulated aquatic resources.

4.1.2 Project Impacts
The BSA does not support sensitive habitats or sensitive natural communities; therefore, no direct impacts to sensitive natural communities would occur within the BSA.

The Santa Ana River, which occurs adjacent to but outside of the BSA and supports designated critical habitat for the federally threatened Santa Ana sucker, is the receiving water body for surface drainage from the project area via the municipal storm drain system.

As discussed in Appendix G, Water Quality Technical Memorandum (WQTM), the project will result in a permanent, 0.63-acre increase in impervious surface and a temporary, 6.2-acre disturbed soil area during construction. Surface runoff from the project area is captured by curb, gutter, and catch basins, and ultimately conveyed to

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the Santa Ana River Reach 2 (17th Street in Santa Ana to Prado Dam). While this constitutes an indirect pathway for potential water quality impacts, the project is subject to strict regulatory requirements under the CWA, the Orange County Municipal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit, and the Construction General Permit (CGP). Without implementation of appropriate Best Management Practices (BMPs), construction and operation of the project could result in the discharge of pollutants (e.g., sediment, nutrients, pathogens, pesticides, metals, trash, petroleum products, concrete waste, sanitary waste, and chemicals) to the Santa Ana River.

However, the project is required to prepare and implement a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and a Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP), which will include temporary and permanent BMPs designed to avoid and minimize such discharges.

Although the BSA does not overlap with Santa Ana sucker critical habitat, the proximity of the project and the indirect connection via stormwater runoff necessitate consideration of potential indirect effects. With the implementation of project features in the WQTM, the project is not expected to result in adverse effects to the Santa Ana River or Santa Ana sucker critical habitat.

4.1.3 Avoidance and Minimization Efforts/Compensatory Mitigation The BSA does not support sensitive habitats or sensitive natural communities; therefore, no direct impacts would occur within the BSA, and no avoidance, minimization, or compensatory mitigation is required.

As detailed in the WQTM (Appendix G), project features are included to avoid and minimize potential indirect impacts to water quality and sensitive natural communities, including the Santa Ana River and Santa Ana sucker critical habitat. The project features include compliance with the provisions of the Santa Ana RWQCB Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs) and SWRCB NPDES General Permit, and preparation of a SWPPP and WQMP. With implementation of these project features, no adverse impacts to water quality or sensitive natural communities, including the Santa Ana River and Santa Ana sucker critical habitat, are anticipated. No additional avoidance, minimization, or compensatory mitigation measures are required.

4.2 Special-Status Plant Species
Plants are considered to be of special concern based on (1) federal, state, or local laws regulating their development; (2) limited distributions; and/or (3) the presence of habitat required by the special-status plants occurring on site.

4.2.1 Survey Results
No special-status plant species were observed during the field visit, and based on the potential to occur analysis, no special-status plant species are expected to occur within the BSA due to the lack of suitable habitat.

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4.2.2 Project Impacts
The BSA does not support special-status plant species; therefore, no direct impacts to special-status plant species would occur.

Although outside of the BSA, indirect, temporary water quality impacts to special-status plant species within the Santa Ana River were considered due to the river’s proximity to the project. The project’s surface water drains generally to the west and north and is captured by the City’s municipal storm drain system, which eventually discharges to Santa Ana River Reach 2 (17th Street in Santa Ana to Prado Dam) (Michael Baker International 2025). Without implementation of appropriate BMPs, construction and operation of the project could result in the discharge of pollutants to the Santa Ana River. However, the project is required to prepare and implement a SWPPP and WQMP, which will include temporary and permanent BMPs designed to avoid and minimize such discharges (Appendix G). With the implementation of the project features detailed in the WQTM, the project is not expected to result in adverse effects to the Santa Ana River or special-status plant species within the river.

4.2.3 Avoidance and Minimization Efforts/Compensatory Mitigation The BSA does not support special-status plant species; therefore, no direct impacts would occur within the BSA, and no avoidance, minimization, or compensatory mitigation is required.

With the implementation of the project features outlined in the WQTM (Appendix G), which include compliance with the provisions of the Santa Ana RWQCB WDRs and SWRCB NPDES General Permit and preparation of a SWPPP and WQMP, no adverse impacts to water quality or special-status plant species within the Santa Ana River are anticipated. No additional avoidance, minimization, or compensatory mitigation measures are required.

4.3 Special-Status Animal Species
Animals are considered to be of special concern based on (1) federal, state, or local laws regulating their development; (2) limited distributions; and/or (3) the habitat requirements of special-status animals occurring on site.

4.3.1 Survey Results
No special-status animals were detected during the field visit, and based on the potential to occur analysis, 55 of the 56 special-status animal species are not expected to occur within the BSA due to the developed nature of the BSA and lack of suitable habitat. There is low potential for one special-status species to occur, monarch butterfly.

Monarch individuals have been observed in developed areas nearby and may use trees within the BSA to temporarily roost. However, the BSA does not provide overwintering habitat (Xerces 2025) and no milkweed species were observed that could provide breeding habitat.

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The northernmost section of the project at the terminus of Mirage Street is approximately 120 feet from the edge of the Santa Ana River corridor. Although not within the BSA, this analysis considered indirect noise and water quality impacts on the Santa Ana River due to the river’s proximity to the project and known locations of special-status species (CNDDB 2025a) that may be temporarily and indirectly affected during construction.

4.3.2 Project Impacts
The BSA does not support special-status animal species; therefore, no direct impacts to special-status animals would occur. Although individual monarchs may temporarily roost in trees within the BSA, this is a highly transient and intermittent activity and the butterflies are highly mobile; therefore, the project is not expected to impact monarch butterflies.

Indirect, temporary noise impacts to animal species within the Santa Ana River were considered in this analysis. Based on the results of the Noise Technical Memorandum, the project’s construction noise would be short-term, intermittent, and generally overshadowed by local traffic noise (TAHA 2025); therefore, not expected to affect species within the Santa Ana River. Similarly, there is no potential for substantial increased operational noise levels (TAHA 2025); therefore, no indirect operational noise impacts would occur to special-status wildlife species within the river.

Surface drainage through the project area drains generally to the west and north and is captured by the City’s municipal storm drain system, which eventually discharges to Santa Ana River Reach 2 (17th Street in Santa Ana to Prado Dam). Therefore, indirect water quality impacts may occur to special-status aquatic animal species within the river. Without implementation of appropriate BMPs, construction and operation of the project could result in the discharge of pollutants to the Santa Ana River. However, the project is required to prepare and implement a SWPPP and WQMP, which will include temporary and permanent BMPs designed to avoid and minimize such discharges. With the implementation of the project features detailed in the WQTM (Appendix G), the project is not expected to result in adverse effects to the Santa Ana River or specialstatus animal species within the river.

4.3.3 Avoidance and Minimization Efforts/Compensatory Mitigation The BSA does not support special-status animal species; therefore, no direct impacts would occur, and no avoidance, minimization, or compensatory mitigation is required.

Due to the monarch’s mobile nature, no direct or indirect impacts are expected and no avoidance or minimization measures are required.

There is no potential for increased construction or operational noise levels; therefore, no avoidance or minimization measures are required.

With the implementation of the project features outlined in the WQTM (Appendix G), which include compliance with the provisions of the Santa Ana RWQCB WDRs and

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SWRCB NPDES General Permit and preparation of a SWPPP and WQMP, no adverse impacts to water quality or special-status animal species within the Santa Ana River are anticipated. No additional avoidance, minimization, or compensatory mitigation measures are required.

5. Conclusions and Regulatory Determinations

5.1 Federal Endangered Species Act Consultation Summary On September 4, 2025, an IPaC resource list was obtained through the Information, Planning, and Conservation System database (Appendix C; USFWS 2025). Federally listed species in Table 2 were analyzed for their potential to occur within the BSA. One species, the monarch butterfly, may intermittently occur temporarily to roost; however, the proposed project would have no effect on monarch butterfly due to its highly transient and mobile nature. No other species are expected to occur due to the lack of suitable habitat and they are considered absent from the BSA. Therefore, the proposed project would have no effect on these species. No consultation with USFWS is necessary or anticipated.

TABLE 2. FEDERAL ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT EFFECTS DETERMINATION Species Federal Listing Status Effects Determination

INVERTEBRATES
Monarch butterfly Proposed Threatened No effect
Quino checkerspot butterfly Endangered No effect
Riverside fairy shrimp Endangered No effect
San Diego fairy shrimp Endangered No effect
FISHES
Santa Ana sucker Threatened No effect
Steelhead - southern California DPS Endangered No effect Santa Ana speckled dace Proposed Threatened No effect

AMPHIBIANS
Arroyo toad Endangered No effect
Western spadefoot Proposed Threatened No effect

REPTILES
Southwestern pond turtle Proposed Threatened No effect
BIRDS
Western yellow-billed cuckoo Threatened No effect

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Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/
Connect Savi Ranch Project
NES(MI) 19 November 4, 2025
Species Federal Listing Status Effects Determination
Southwestern willow flycatcher Endangered No effect
Coastal California gnatcatcher Threatened No effect
Light-footed Ridgway’s rail Endangered No effect
California least tern Endangered No effect
Least Bell’s vireo Endangered No effect

MAMMALS
Pacific pocket mouse Endangered No effect
Stephens’ kangaroo rat Endangered No effect
PLANTS
San Diego ambrosia Endangered No effect
Braunton’s milk-vetch Endangered No effect
Nevin’s barberry Endangered No effect
Thread-leaved brodiaea Threatened No effect
Santa Monica Mountains dudleya Threatened No effect
Santa Ana River woollystar Endangered No effect
Gambel’s water cress Endangered No effect

5.2 California Endangered Species Act Summary
A total of 19 state listed plant and animal species were analyzed for their potential to occur within the BSA as listed in Table 3, Appendix C, and Appendix F. None are expected to occur in the BSA. The proposed project would have no effect on these species and no consultation with the CDFW is necessary or anticipated.

TABLE 3. STATE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT EFFECTS DETERMINATION Species State Listing Status Effects Determination

INVERTEBRATES
Crotch bumble bee Candidate Endangered No effect
FISHES
Steelhead - southern California DPS Candidate Endangered No effect BIRDS

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Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/
Connect Savi Ranch Project
NES(MI) 20 November 4, 2025
Species State Listing Status Effects Determination
Burrowing owl Candidate Endangered No effect
Tricolored blackbird Threatened No effect
Swainson’s hawk Threatened No effect
Western yellow-billed cuckoo Endangered No effect
Southwestern willow flycatcher Endangered No effect
Bald eagle Endangered No effect
California black rail Threatened No effect
Light-footed Ridgway’s rail Endangered No effect
Belding’s savannah sparrow Endangered No effect
California least tern Endangered No effect
Least Bell’s vireo Endangered No effect

MAMMALS
Stephens’ kangaroo rat Threatened No effect
PLANTS
Nevin’s barberry Endangered No effect
Thread-leaved brodiaea Endangered No effect
San Fernando Valley spineflower Endangered No effect
Santa Ana River woollystar Endangered No effect
Gambel’s water cress Threatened No effect

5.3 Essential Fish Habitat Consultation Summary
This project is located outside of NOAA Fisheries jurisdiction; therefore, a NOAA Fisheries species list is not required and no effects to NOAA Fisheries species are anticipated.

5.4 Wetlands and Other Waters Coordination Summary
The BSA does not support jurisdictional aquatic features; therefore, no coordination with the USACE, CDFW, or RWQCB is required.

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Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/
Connect Savi Ranch Project
NES(MI) 21 November 4, 2025

5.5 Invasive Species
Invasive species observed within the BSA are listed in Section 3.1.3.4 and in Appendix E. The project would ensure compliance with USEO 13112 through a series of best management practices pre-, during, and post-construction. These measures will be documented and coordinated with appropriate resource agencies to ensure long-term ecological integrity of the project area. These measures may include but not be limited to the following:
• All construction equipment will be thoroughly cleaned of soil, seeds, and plant material before entering and after exiting the project site. Cleaning activities will be carried out away from sensitive habitats such as the Santa Ana River and adjacent vegetation, preventing any materials from entering these areas. • The contractor will use only certified weed-free erosion control materials such as straw, mulch, and gravel.
• Known infestations of invasive species within the project limits will be clearly marked and avoided during staging and access.
• Disturbed areas will be promptly revegetated with native or non-invasive species appropriate to the local habitat.
• Post-construction monitoring will be conducted for a minimum of three years to identify and manage any invasive species that may establish, with adaptive management strategies employed as needed.

5.6 Migratory Bird Treaty Act
Several species of native birds and raptors may occur within the BSA. Most of these species lack special status, but all are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and the California Fish and Game Code §§ 3503, 3503.5 and 3513. The following measure would ensure compliance with these regulations.

If construction commences during the bird breeding season (February 15 through August 31), a preconstruction survey for nesting birds will occur within three days prior to construction activities by an experienced avian biologist. The survey will occur within all suitable nesting habitat within the project impact area and a 100-foot buffer where access is permitted. If nesting birds are found, an avoidance area will be established as appropriate by a qualified biologist around the nest until it has determined that young have fledged or nesting activities have ceased. The project site will need to be resurveyed if there is a lapse in construction activities for more than seven days during the nesting season.

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Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/
Connect Savi Ranch Project
NES(MI) 22 November 4, 2025

6. References
CAL-IPC (California Invasive Plant Council). 2006. California Invasive Plant Inventory.

Cal-IPC Publication 2006-02. www.cal-ipc.org.

CNDDB (California Natural Diversity Database). 2025a. RareFind 5 [Internet]. California Department of Fish and Wildlife [Version date: May 2, 2025].

CNDDB (California Natural Diversity Database). 2025b. Special Animals List. California Department of Fish and Wildlife.

CNDDB (California Natural Diversity Database). 2025c. Special Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens List. California Department of Fish and Wildlife.

CNPS (California Native Plant Society). 2025. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants of California (online edition, v9.5). Accessed May 13, 2025. http://www.rareplants.cnps.org//.

Michael Baker International. 2025. Water Quality Technical Memorandum, Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project, City of Yorba Linda, California.

Prepared for State of California Department of Transportation.

TAHA (Terry A. Hayes Associates, Inc.). 2025. Noise Technical Memorandum, Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project. Prepared by Kieran Bartholow, Senior Noise Specialist/Planner, for Alan Ashimine, Michael Baker International, Inc., dated May 15, 2025.

USDA NRCS (US Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service). 2025. Web Soil Survey. Accessed May 14, 2025.
https://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/
USFWS (US Fish and Wildlife Service). 2025. Information for Planning and Consultation (IPaC) Project Planning Tool. Accessed May 13, 2025 and September 4, 2025. https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/
Xerces (Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation). 2025. Map of Overwintering Sites. Accessed May 13, 2025. https://westernmonarchcount.org/map-ofoverwintering-sites/

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APPENDIX A

FIGURES

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Project Site
Project Location
°
Source: Esri, ArcGIS Online, USGS, County of Orange
Regional Vicinity
Figure 1

SAVI RANCH PARKWAY WIDENING/CONNECT SAVI RANCH PROJECT

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT STUDY MINIMAL IMPACTS REPORT
5/15/2025 JN 204674 \\santca1hub\IRVICA1FS1\HROOT\pdata\204674\GIS\APRX\204674 - Savi Ranch Project_BR.aprx 0 2.5 5
Miles

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YORBA LINDA QUAD

ORANGE QUAD

PRADO DAM QUAD

BLACK STAR CANYON QUAD
°
Source: USGS 7.5-Minute topographic quadrangle maps: Black Star Canyon, Orange, Prado Dam, and Yorba Linda, California (2022) Site Vicinity
Figure 2

SAVI RANCH PARKWAY WIDENING/CONNECT SAVI RANCH PROJECT

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT STUDY MINIMAL IMPACTS REPORT
5/15/2025 JN 204674 \\santca1hub\IRVICA1FS1\HROOT\pdata\204674\GIS\APRX\204674 - Savi Ranch Project_BR.aprx Legend
Project Site
0 1,000 2,000
US Feet

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!>
!>
Oakcrest St
Crystal Dr
Savi Ranch Pkwy
Old Canal Rd
Eastpark Dr
Santa Ana Canyon Rd
Weir Canyon Rd

33.524099
-117.441887

33.521047
-117.445245
°
Source: Esri, ArcGIS Online, County of Orange, 2025 Nearmap Imagery Proposed Project and Biological Study Area
Figure 3

SAVI RANCH PARKWAY WIDENING/CONNECT SAVI RANCH PROJECT

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT STUDY MINIMAL IMPACTS REPORT
5/15/2025 JN 204674 \\santca1hub\IRVICA1FS1\HROOT\pdata\204674\GIS\APRX\204674 - Savi Ranch Project_BR.aprx Legend
!> Reference Point
Project Site
Biological Study Area
0 200 400
US Feet
EAÆ
EAÆ

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!>
!>
Oakcrest St
Crystal Dr
Savi Ranch Pkwy
Old Canal Rd
Eastpark Dr
Santa Ana Canyon Rd
Weir Canyon Rd

33.524099
-117.441887

33.521047
-117.445245
°
Source: Esri, ArcGIS Online, County of Orange, 2025 Nearmap Imagery Vegetation Communities/Other Land Cover Types
Figure 4

SAVI RANCH PARKWAY WIDENING/CONNECT SAVI RANCH PROJECT

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!>
!>
Oakcrest St
Crystal Dr
Santa Ana Canyon Rd
Savi Ranch Pkwy
Old Canal Rd
Eastpark Dr
Weir Canyon Rd

33.524474
-117.441483

33.52682
-117.445617
°
Source: Esri, ArcGIS Online, USFWS, County of Orange, 2025 Nearmap Imagery Critical Habitat
Figure 5

SAVI RANCH PARKWAY WIDENING/CONNECT SAVI RANCH PROJECT

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APPENDIX B

SITE PHOTOGRAPHS

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Appendix B – Site Photographs
Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impact) B-1
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
Photograph 1. View looking north along Mirage Street (33.873735°, -117.744256°).

Photograph 2. View looking east towards the ornamental vegetation along Old Canal Road (33.872827°, -117.743485°).

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Appendix B – Site Photographs
Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impact) B-2
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
Photograph 3. View looking southwest at the intersection of Old Canal Road and East Park Drive (33.873844°, -117.739669°).

Photograph 4. View looking east along Old Canal Road towards the western end of the project site (33.873215°, -117.745806°).

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Appendix B – Site Photographs
Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impact) B-3
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
Photograph 5. View looking southwest along Savi Ranch Parkway (33.874133°, - 117.745951°).

Photograph 6. View looking southwest towards the ornamental land cover along the southern boundary of the survey area (33.873281°, -117.740157°).

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APPENDIX C

LITERATURE REVIEW

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09/04/2025 16:17:03 UTC
United States Department of the Interior

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Carlsbad Fish And Wildlife Office
2177 Salk Avenue - Suite 250
Carlsbad, CA 92008-7385
Phone: (760) 431-9440 Fax: (760) 431-5901
In Reply Refer To:

Project Code: 2025-0096074
Project Name: City of Yorba Linda - Savi Ranch
Subject: List of threatened and endangered species that may occur in your proposed project location or may be affected by your proposed project
To Whom It May Concern:

The enclosed species list identifies threatened, endangered, proposed and candidate species, as well as proposed and final designated critical habitat, that may occur within the boundary of your proposed project and/or may be affected by your proposed project. The species list fulfills the requirements of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) under section 7(c) of the Endangered Species Act (Act) of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).

New information based on updated surveys, changes in the abundance and distribution of species, changed habitat conditions, or other factors could change this list. Please feel free to contact us if you need more current information or assistance regarding the potential impacts to federally proposed, listed, and candidate species and federally designated and proposed critical habitat. Please note that under 50 CFR 402.12(e) of the regulations implementing section 7 of the Act, the accuracy of this species list should be verified after 90 days. This verification can be completed formally or informally as desired. The Service recommends that verification be completed by visiting the IPaC website at regular intervals during project planning and implementation for updates to species lists and information. An updated list may be requested through the IPaC system by completing the same process used to receive the enclosed list.

The purpose of the Act is to provide a means whereby threatened and endangered species and the ecosystems upon which they depend may be conserved. Under sections 7(a)(1) and 7(a)(2) of the Act and its implementing regulations (50 CFR 402 et seq.), Federal agencies are required to utilize their authorities to carry out programs for the conservation of threatened and endangered species and to determine whether projects may affect threatened and endangered species and/or designated critical habitat.

A biological assessment is required for construction projects (or other undertakings having similar physical impacts) that are major Federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment as defined in the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4332(2) (c)). For projects other than major construction activities, the Service suggests that a biological

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▪
evaluation similar to a biological assessment be prepared to determine whether the project may affect listed or proposed species and/or designated or proposed critical habitat. Recommended contents of a biological assessment are described at 50 CFR 402.12.

If a Federal agency determines, based on the Biological Assessment or biological evaluation, that listed species and/or designated critical habitat may be affected by the proposed project, the agency is required to consult with the Service pursuant to 50 CFR 402. In addition, the Service recommends that candidate species, proposed species and proposed critical habitat be addressed within the consultation. More information on the regulations and procedures for section 7 consultation, including the role of permit or license applicants, can be found at the Fish and Wildlife Service's Endangered Species Consultation website at:
https://www.fws.gov/service/esa-section-7-consultation
Migratory Birds: In addition to responsibilities to protect threatened and endangered species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), there are additional responsibilities under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA) to protect native birds from project-related impacts. Any activity resulting in take of migratory birds, including eagles, is prohibited unless otherwise permitted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (50 C.F.R. Sec. 10.12 and 16 U.S.C. Sec. 668(a)). For more information regarding these Acts, see https://www.fws.gov/program/migratory-bird-permit/what-we-do.

It is the responsibility of the project proponent to comply with these Acts by identifying potential impacts to migratory birds and eagles within applicable NEPA documents (when there is a federal nexus) or a Bird/Eagle Conservation Plan (when there is no federal nexus). Proponents should implement conservation measures to avoid or minimize the production of project-related stressors or minimize the exposure of birds and their resources to the project-related stressors.

For more information on avian stressors and recommended conservation measures, see https:// www.fws.gov/library/collections/threats-birds.

In addition to MBTA and BGEPA, Executive Order 13186: Responsibilities of Federal Agencies to Protect Migratory Birds, obligates all Federal agencies that engage in or authorize activities that might affect migratory birds, to minimize those effects and encourage conservation measures that will improve bird populations. Executive Order 13186 provides for the protection of both migratory birds and migratory bird habitat. For information regarding the implementation of Executive Order 13186, please visit https://www.fws.gov/partner/council-conservationmigratory-birds.

We appreciate your concern for threatened and endangered species. The Service encourages Federal agencies to include conservation of threatened and endangered species into their project planning to further the purposes of the Act. Please include the Consultation Code in the header of this letter with any request for consultation or correspondence about your project that you submit to our office.

Attachment(s):

Official Species List

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OFFICIAL SPECIES LIST
This list is provided pursuant to Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, and fulfills the requirement for Federal agencies to "request of the Secretary of the Interior information whether any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be present in the area of a proposed action".

This species list is provided by:

Carlsbad Fish And Wildlife Office
2177 Salk Avenue - Suite 250
Carlsbad, CA 92008-7385
(760) 431-9440

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PROJECT SUMMARY
Project Code: 2025-0096074
Project Name: City of Yorba Linda - Savi Ranch
Project Type: Road/Hwy - Maintenance/Modification
Project Description: 0.85-mile-long Class I facility along Yorba Linda Boulevard between La Palma Avenue and Savi Ranch Parkway, Savi Ranch Parkway, and Mirage Street, and Class IV bikeways along Old Canal Road.

Project Location:

The approximate location of the project can be viewed in Google Maps: https:// www.google.com/maps/@33.8738175,-117.74571410152066,14z Counties: Orange County, California

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1. ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT SPECIES
There is a total of 15 threatened, endangered, or candidate species on this species list.

Species on this list should be considered in an effects analysis for your project and could include species that exist in another geographic area. For example, certain fish may appear on the species list because a project could affect downstream species.

IPaC does not display listed species or critical habitats under the sole jurisdiction of NOAA Fisheries , as USFWS does not have the authority to speak on behalf of NOAA and the Department of Commerce.

See the "Critical habitats" section below for those critical habitats that lie wholly or partially within your project area under this office's jurisdiction. Please contact the designated FWS office if you have questions.

NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of Commerce.
1

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BIRDS

NAME STATUS
Coastal California Gnatcatcher Polioptila californica californica There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8178
Threatened
Least Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii pusillus
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5945
Endangered
Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6749
Endangered

REPTILES

NAME STATUS
Southwestern Pond Turtle Actinemys pallida
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/4768
Proposed
Threatened

AMPHIBIANS

NAME STATUS
Arroyo (=arroyo Southwestern) Toad Anaxyrus californicus There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/3762
Endangered
Western Spadefoot Spea hammondii
Population: Southern DPS
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5425
Proposed
Threatened
FISHES

NAME STATUS
Santa Ana Sucker Catostomus santaanae
Population: 3 CA river basins
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/3785
Threatened

INSECTS

NAME STATUS
Monarch Butterfly Danaus plexippus
There is proposed critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9743
Proposed
Threatened

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NAME STATUS
Quino Checkerspot Butterfly Euphydryas editha quino (=E. e. wrighti) There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5900
Endangered

CRUSTACEANS

NAME STATUS
San Diego Fairy Shrimp Branchinecta sandiegonensis
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6945
Endangered

FLOWERING PLANTS

NAME STATUS
Braunton's Milk-vetch Astragalus brauntonii
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5674
Endangered
Nevin's Barberry Berberis nevinii
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8025
Endangered
San Diego Ambrosia Ambrosia pumila
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8287
Endangered
Santa Monica Mountains Dudleyea Dudleya cymosa ssp. ovatifolia No critical habitat has been designated for this species.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/2538
Threatened
Thread-leaved Brodiaea Brodiaea filifolia
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location does not overlap the critical habitat.

Species profile: https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6087
Threatened

CRITICAL HABITATS

THERE ARE NO CRITICAL HABITATS WITHIN YOUR PROJECT AREA UNDER THIS OFFICE'S JURISDICTION.

YOU ARE STILL REQUIRED TO DETERMINE IF YOUR PROJECT(S) MAY HAVE EFFECTS ON ALL ABOVE LISTED SPECIES.

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IPAC USER CONTACT INFORMATION
Agency: Yorba Linda city
Name: Kristin Szabo
Address: 40810 County Center Drive
Address Line 2: Suite 200
City: Temecula
State: CA
Zip: 92591
Email [email protected]
Phone: 9515062075

LEAD AGENCY CONTACT INFORMATION
Lead Agency: California Department of Transportation District 12

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Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Abronia villosa var. aurita
chaparral sand-verbena
PDNYC010P1 None None G5T2? S2 1B.1
Accipiter cooperii
Cooper's hawk
ABNKC12040 None None G5 S4 WL
Actinemys pallida
southwestern pond turtle
ARAAD02032 Proposed
Threatened
None G2G3 SNR SSC
Agelaius tricolor
tricolored blackbird
ABPBXB0020 None Threatened G1G2 S2 SSC
Aimophila ruficeps canescens
southern California rufous-crowned sparrow
ABPBX91091 None None G5T3 S4 WL
Allium marvinii
Yucaipa onion
PMLIL02330 None None G1 S2 1B.2
Ammodramus savannarum
grasshopper sparrow
ABPBXA0020 None None G5 S3 SSC
Anaxyrus californicus
arroyo toad
AAABB01230 Endangered None G2G3 S2 SSC
Anniella stebbinsi
Southern California legless lizard
ARACC01060 None None G3 S3 SSC
Antrozous pallidus
pallid bat
AMACC10010 None None G4 S3 SSC
Aquila chrysaetos
golden eagle
ABNKC22010 None None G5 S3 FP
Ardea herodias
great blue heron
ABNGA04010 None None G5 S4
Arizona elegans occidentalis
California glossy snake
ARADB01017 None None G5T2 S2 SSC
Artemisiospiza belli belli
Bell's sparrow
ABPBX97021 None None G5T2T3 S3 WL
Asio otus
long-eared owl
ABNSB13010 None None G5 S3? SSC
Aspidoscelis hyperythra
orange-throated whiptail
ARACJ02060 None None G5 S2S3 WL
Aspidoscelis tigris stejnegeri
coastal whiptail
ARACJ02143 None None G5T5 S3 SSC
Astragalus brauntonii
Braunton's milk-vetch
PDFAB0F1G0 Endangered None G2 S2 1B.1
Quad IS (Prado Dam (3311786) OR Santiago Peak (3311765) OR Tustin (3311767) OR El Toro (3311766) OR Black Star Canyon (3311776) OR Corona North (3311785) OR Corona South (3311775) OR Orange (3311777) OR Yorba Linda (3311787))
Query Criteria:

Report Printed on Tuesday, May 13, 2025
Commercial Version -- Dated May, 2 2025 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 1 of 6 Information Expires 11/2/2025
Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database

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Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Athene cunicularia
burrowing owl
ABNSB10010 None Candidate
Endangered
G4 S2 SSC
Atriplex coulteri
Coulter's saltbush
PDCHE040E0 None None G3 S2 1B.2
Atriplex pacifica
south coast saltscale
PDCHE041C0 None None G4 S2 1B.2
Atriplex serenana var. davidsonii
Davidson's saltscale
PDCHE041T1 None None G5T1 S1 1B.2
Baccharis malibuensis
Malibu baccharis
PDAST0W0W0 None None G1 S1 1B.1
Bombus crotchii
Crotch's bumble bee
IIHYM24480 None Candidate
Endangered
G2 S2
Bombus pensylvanicus
American bumble bee
IIHYM24260 None None G3G4 S2
Branchinecta sandiegonensis
San Diego fairy shrimp
ICBRA03060 Endangered None G2 S1
Brodiaea filifolia
thread-leaved brodiaea
PMLIL0C050 Threatened Endangered G2 S2 1B.1
Buteo regalis
ferruginous hawk
ABNKC19120 None None G4 S3S4 WL
Buteo swainsoni
Swainson's hawk
ABNKC19070 None Threatened G5 S4
California Walnut Woodland
California Walnut Woodland
CTT71210CA None None G2 S2.1
Calochortus plummerae
Plummer's mariposa-lily
PMLIL0D150 None None G4 S4 4.2
Calochortus weedii var. intermedius
intermediate mariposa-lily
PMLIL0D1J1 None None G3G4T3 S3 1B.2
Calystegia felix
lucky morning-glory
PDCON040P0 None None G1Q S1 1B.1
Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus sandiegensis
coastal cactus wren
ABPBG02095 None None G5T3Q S2 SSC
Canyon Live Oak Ravine Forest
Canyon Live Oak Ravine Forest
CTT61350CA None None G3 S3.3
Catostomus santaanae
Santa Ana sucker
AFCJC02190 Threatened None G1 S1 SSC
Centromadia parryi ssp. australis
southern tarplant
PDAST4R0P4 None None G3T2 S2 1B.1
Centromadia pungens ssp. laevis
smooth tarplant
PDAST4R0R4 None None G3G4T2 S2 1B.1
Chaetodipus fallax fallax
northwestern San Diego pocket mouse
AMAFD05031 None None G5T3T4 S3S4
Report Printed on Tuesday, May 13, 2025
Commercial Version -- Dated May, 2 2025 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 2 of 6 Information Expires 11/2/2025
Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database

Page 418 of 2424 ends

Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Choeronycteris mexicana
Mexican long-tongued bat
AMACB02010 None None G3G4 S1 SSC
Chorizanthe parryi var. fernandina
San Fernando Valley spineflower
PDPGN040J1 None Endangered G3T1 S1 1B.1
Chorizanthe polygonoides var. longispina
long-spined spineflower
PDPGN040K1 None None G5T3 S3 1B.2
Cicindela latesignata
western beach tiger beetle
IICOL02110 None None G2G3 S1
Circus hudsonius
northern harrier
ABNKC11011 None None G5 S3 SSC
Clinopodium chandleri
San Miguel savory
PDLAM08030 None None G2G3 S2 1B.2
Coccyzus americanus occidentalis
western yellow-billed cuckoo
ABNRB02022 Threatened Endangered G5T2T3 S1
Coleonyx variegatus abbotti
San Diego banded gecko
ARACD01031 None None G5T5 S1S2 SSC
Comarostaphylis diversifolia ssp. diversifolia
summer holly
PDERI0B011 None None G3T2 S2 1B.2
Coturnicops noveboracensis
yellow rail
ABNME01010 None None G4 S2 SSC
Crotalus ruber
red-diamond rattlesnake
ARADE02090 None None G4 S3 SSC
Dipodomys stephensi
Stephens' kangaroo rat
AMAFD03100 Threatened Threatened G2 S3
Dudleya chasmophyta
Santiago Canyon dudleya
PDCRA04150 None None G1 S1 1B.1
Dudleya multicaulis
many-stemmed dudleya
PDCRA040H0 None None G2 S2 1B.2
Elanus leucurus
white-tailed kite
ABNKC06010 None None G5 S3S4 FP
Empidonax traillii extimus
southwestern willow flycatcher
ABPAE33043 Endangered Endangered G5T2 S3
Eremophila alpestris actia
California horned lark
ABPAT02011 None None G5T4Q S4 WL
Eriastrum densifolium ssp. sanctorum
Santa Ana River woollystar
PDPLM03035 Endangered Endangered G4T1 S1 1B.1
Eumops perotis californicus
western mastiff bat
AMACD02011 None None G4G5T4 S3S4 SSC
Euphydryas editha quino
quino checkerspot butterfly
IILEPK405L Endangered None G4G5T1T2 S1S2
Falco peregrinus anatum
American peregrine falcon
ABNKD06071 Delisted Delisted G4T4 S3S4
Report Printed on Tuesday, May 13, 2025
Commercial Version -- Dated May, 2 2025 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 3 of 6 Information Expires 11/2/2025
Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database

Page 419 of 2424 ends

Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Gila orcuttii
arroyo chub
AFCJB13120 None None G1 S2 SSC
Glyptostoma gabrielense
San Gabriel chestnut
IMGASB1010 None None G2 S3
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
bald eagle
ABNKC10010 Delisted Endangered G5 S3 FP
Helianthus nuttallii ssp. parishii
Los Angeles sunflower
PDAST4N102 None None G5TX SX 1A
Hesperocyparis forbesii
Tecate cypress
PGCUP040C0 None None G2 S2 1B.1
Horkelia cuneata var. puberula
mesa horkelia
PDROS0W045 None None G4T1 S1 1B.1
Icteria virens
yellow-breasted chat
ABPBX24010 None None G5 S4 SSC
Lasiurus xanthinus
western yellow bat
AMACC05070 None None G4G5 S3 SSC
Lasthenia glabrata ssp. coulteri
Coulter's goldfields
PDAST5L0A1 None None G4T2 S2 1B.1
Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus
California black rail
ABNME03041 None Threatened G3T1 S2 FP
Lepechinia cardiophylla
heart-leaved pitcher sage
PDLAM0V020 None None G3 S2S3 1B.2
Lepidium virginicum var. robinsonii
Robinson's pepper-grass
PDBRA1M114 None None G5T3 S3 4.3
Monardella australis ssp. jokerstii
Jokerst's monardella
PDLAM18112 None None G4T1? S1? 1B.1
Monardella hypoleuca ssp. intermedia
intermediate monardella
PDLAM180A4 None None G4T2? S2? 1B.3
Monardella macrantha ssp. hallii
Hall's monardella
PDLAM180E1 None None G5T3 S3 1B.3
Myotis yumanensis
Yuma myotis
AMACC01020 None None G5 S4
Nama stenocarpa
mud nama
PDHYD0A0H0 None None G4G5 S1S2 2B.2
Nasturtium gambelii
Gambel's water cress
PDBRA270V0 Endangered Threatened G1 S1 1B.1
Neotoma lepida intermedia
San Diego desert woodrat
AMAFF08041 None None G5T3T4 S3S4 SSC
Nolina cismontana
chaparral nolina
PMAGA080E0 None None G3 S3 1B.2
Nyctinomops femorosaccus
pocketed free-tailed bat
AMACD04010 None None G5 S3 SSC
Report Printed on Tuesday, May 13, 2025
Commercial Version -- Dated May, 2 2025 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 4 of 6 Information Expires 11/2/2025
Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database

Page 420 of 2424 ends

Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus pop. 10
steelhead - southern California DPS
AFCHA0209J Endangered Candidate
Endangered
G5T1Q S1
Onychomys torridus ramona
southern grasshopper mouse
AMAFF06022 None None G5T3 S3 SSC
Passerculus sandwichensis beldingi
Belding's savannah sparrow
ABPBX99015 None Endangered G5T3 S3
Penstemon californicus
California beardtongue
PDSCR1L110 None None G3 S2 1B.2
Pentachaeta aurea ssp. allenii
Allen's pentachaeta
PDAST6X021 None None G4T1 S1 1B.1
Perognathus longimembris pacificus
Pacific pocket mouse
AMAFD01042 Endangered None G5T2 S2 SSC
Phacelia keckii
Santiago Peak phacelia
PDHYD0C4G1 None None G1 S1 1B.3
Phrynosoma blainvillii
coast horned lizard
ARACF12100 None None G4 S4 SSC
Polioptila californica californica
coastal California gnatcatcher
ABPBJ08081 Threatened None G4G5T3Q S2 SSC
Pseudognaphalium leucocephalum
white rabbit-tobacco
PDAST440C0 None None G4 S2 2B.2
Rallus obsoletus levipes
light-footed Ridgway's rail
ABNME05014 Endangered Endangered G3T1T2 S1 FP
Rhinichthys gabrielino
Santa Ana speckled dace
AFCJB3705K Proposed
Threatened
None G5T1 S1 SSC
Riversidian Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub
Riversidian Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub
CTT32720CA None None G1 S1.1
Salvadora hexalepis virgultea
coast patch-nosed snake
ARADB30033 None None G5T4 S3 SSC
Senecio aphanactis
chaparral ragwort
PDAST8H060 None None G3 S2 1B.2
Setophaga petechia
yellow warbler
ABPBX03010 None None G5 S3 SSC
Sidalcea neomexicana
salt spring checkerbloom
PDMAL110J0 None None G4 S2 2B.2
Sorex ornatus salicornicus
southern California saltmarsh shrew
AMABA01104 None None G5T1? S1 SSC
Southern California Arroyo Chub/Santa Ana Sucker
Stream
Southern California Arroyo Chub/Santa Ana Sucker
Stream
CARE2330CA None None GNR SNR
Southern Coast Live Oak Riparian Forest
Southern Coast Live Oak Riparian Forest
CTT61310CA None None G4 S4
Southern Coastal Salt Marsh
Southern Coastal Salt Marsh
CTT52120CA None None G2 S2.1
Report Printed on Tuesday, May 13, 2025
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Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database

Page 421 of 2424 ends

Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Southern Cottonwood Willow Riparian Forest
Southern Cottonwood Willow Riparian Forest
CTT61330CA None None G3 S3.2
Southern Interior Cypress Forest
Southern Interior Cypress Forest
CTT83230CA None None G2 S2.1
Southern Riparian Forest
Southern Riparian Forest
CTT61300CA None None G4 S4
Southern Riparian Scrub
Southern Riparian Scrub
CTT63300CA None None G3 S3.2
Southern Sycamore Alder Riparian Woodland
Southern Sycamore Alder Riparian Woodland
CTT62400CA None None G4 S4
Southern Willow Scrub
Southern Willow Scrub
CTT63320CA None None G3 S2.1
Spea hammondii
western spadefoot
AAABF02020 Proposed
Threatened
None G2G3 S3S4 SSC
Sternula antillarum browni
California least tern
ABNNM08103 Endangered Endangered G4T2T3Q S2 FP
Streptocephalus woottoni
Riverside fairy shrimp
ICBRA07010 Endangered None G1G2 S2
Suaeda esteroa
estuary seablite
PDCHE0P0D0 None None G3 S2 1B.2
Symphyotrichum defoliatum
San Bernardino aster
PDASTE80C0 None None G2 S2 1B.2
Taricha torosa
Coast Range newt
AAAAF02032 None None G4 S4 SSC
Thamnophis hammondii
two-striped gartersnake
ARADB36160 None None G4 S3S4 SSC
Thamnophis sirtalis pop. 1
south coast gartersnake
ARADB3613F None None G5T1T2 S1S2 SSC
Tryonia imitator
mimic tryonia (=California brackishwater snail)
IMGASJ7040 None None G2 S2
Valley Needlegrass Grassland
Valley Needlegrass Grassland
CTT42110CA None None G3 S3.1
Vireo bellii pusillus
least Bell's vireo
ABPBW01114 Endangered Endangered G5T2 S3
Record Count: 119
Report Printed on Tuesday, May 13, 2025
Commercial Version -- Dated May, 2 2025 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 6 of 6 Information Expires 11/2/2025
Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database

Page 422 of 2424 ends

APPENDIX D

WEB SOIL SURVEY

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Soil Map—Orange County and Part of Riverside County, California (SaviRanch100)
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
5/14/2025

Page 1 of 3 ends

3748140 3748230 3748320 3748410 3748500 3748590 3748680 3748140 3748230 3748320 3748410 3748500 3748590 3748680 430810 430900 430990 431080 431170 431260 431350 431440 431530 431620 431710 430810 430900 430990 431080 431170 431260 431350 431440 431530 431620 431710 33° 52' 35'' N
117° 44' 53'' W
33° 52' 35'' N
117° 44' 17'' W
33° 52' 16'' N
117° 44' 53'' W
33° 52' 16'' N
117° 44' 17'' W
N
Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 11N WGS84 0 200 400 800 1200
Feet
0 50 100 200 300
Meters
Map Scale: 1:4,170 if printed on A landscape (11" x 8.5") sheet.

Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.

Page 424 of 2424 ends

MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest (AOI)
Area of Interest (AOI)
Soils
Soil Map Unit Polygons
Soil Map Unit Lines
Soil Map Unit Points
Special Point Features
Blowout
Borrow Pit
Clay Spot
Closed Depression
Gravel Pit
Gravelly Spot
Landfill
Lava Flow
Marsh or swamp
Mine or Quarry
Miscellaneous Water
Perennial Water
Rock Outcrop
Saline Spot
Sandy Spot
Severely Eroded Spot
Sinkhole
Slide or Slip
Sodic Spot
Spoil Area
Stony Spot
Very Stony Spot
Wet Spot
Other
Special Line Features
Water Features
Streams and Canals
Transportation
Rails
Interstate Highways
US Routes
Major Roads
Local Roads
Background
Aerial Photography
The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
1:24,000.

Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.

Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale.

Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.

Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:

Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857)
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more accurate calculations of distance or area are required.

This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below.

Soil Survey Area: Orange County and Part of Riverside County, California
Survey Area Data: Version 18, Aug 30, 2024
Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1:50,000 or larger.

Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Mar 14, 2022—Mar 17, 2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.

Soil Map—Orange County and Part of Riverside County, California (SaviRanch100)
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
5/14/2025

Page 2 of 3 ends

Map Unit Legend
Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 141 Cieneba sandy loam, 15 to 30
percent slopes

0.2 1.0%
165 Mocho sandy loam, 0 to 2
percent slopes, warm MAAT,
MLRA 19

2.3 9.5%
173 Myford sandy loam, 2 to 9
percent slopes

0.7 2.7%
191 Riverwash 4.6 18.8%
194 San Emigdio fine sandy loam,
0 to 2 percent slopes

10.1 41.1%
195 San Emigdio fine sandy loam,
2 to 9 percent slopes

2.0 8.1%
225 Yorba cobbly sandy loam, 9 to
30 percent slopes, eroded

4.6 18.7%
Totals for Area of Interest 24.5 100.0%
Soil Map—Orange County and Part of Riverside County, California SaviRanch100 Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
5/14/2025

Page 3 of 3 ends

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APPENDIX E

PLANT AND WILDLIFE SPECIES

COMPENDIUM

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ATTACHMENT E - Species Compendiums

PLANT COMPENDIUM

VASCULAR SPECIES

EUDICOTS
ADOXACEAE—Muskroot Family
Sambucus nigra —blue elderberry
AIZOACEAE—Fig-marigold Family
Carpobrotus edulis —hottentot fig*
ANACARDIACEAE—Sumac Or Cashew Family
Malosma laurina —laurel sumac
Rhus integrifolia —lemonade berry
Toxicodendron diversilobum —poison oak
APOCYNACEAE—Dogbane Family
Vinca major —bigleaf periwinkle*
ASTERACEAE—Sunflower Family
Baccharis salicifolia —mulefat
Silybum marianum —blessed milkthistle*
Sonchus asper —spiny sowthistle*
BRASSICACEAE—Mustard Family
Hirschfeldia incana —shortpod mustard*
Salvia rosmarinus —rosemary*
CHENOPODIACEAE—Goosefoot Family
Salsola tragus —prickly Russian thistle*
CUCURBITACEAE—Gourd Family
Marah fabacea —California man-root
EUPHORBIACEAE—Spurge Family
Ricinus communis —castorbean*
FAGACEAE—Oak Family
Quercus agrifolia —coast live oak
MYRSINACEAE—Myrsine Family
Lysimachia arvensis —scarlet pimpernel*
OXALIDACEAE—Oxalis Family
Oxalis pes-caprae —Bermuda buttercup*
PLATANACEAE—Plane Tree, Sycamore Family
Platanus occidentalis —American sycamore*
ROSACEAE—Rose Family
Heteromeles arbutifolia —toyon
Pyrus calleryana —flowering pear *
Rhaphiolepis indica —Indian hawthorn*
SOLANACEAE—Nightshade Family
Nicotiana glauca —tree tobacco*
TAMARICACEAE—Tamarisk Family
Tamarix sp. —tamarisk*
URTICACEAE—Nettle Family
Urtica dioica —stinging nettle

GYMNOSPERMS AND GNETOPHYTES
*signifies introduced (non-native) species
Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
November 2025

Page 428 of 2424 ends

ATTACHMENT E - Species Compendiums

PLANT COMPENDIUM
PINACEAE—Pine Family
Pinus sp. —pine*

MONOCOTS
ARECACEAE—Palm Family
Phoenix canariensis —Canary Island date palm*
Washingtonia robusta —Washington fan palm*
POACEAE—Grass Family
Avena fatua —wild oat*
Bromus diandrus —ripgut brome*
Bromus rubens —red brome*
Ehrharta erecta —panic veldtgrass*
Hordeum murinum —mouse barley*
Pennisetum setaceum —fountain grass*
*signifies introduced (non-native) species
Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
November 2025

Page 429 of 2424 ends

ATTACHMENT E - Species Compendiums

WILDLIFE COMPENDIUM
ACCIPITRIDAE—HAWKS, KITES, EAGLES, & ALLIES
Accipiter sp. —hawk
PASSERELLIDAE—NEW WORLD SPARROWS
Melospiza melodia —song sparrow
CORVIDAE—CROWS & JAYS
Corvus brachyrhynchos —American crow
TROCHILIDAE—HUMMINGBIRDS
Calypte anna —Anna's hummingbird
PARULIDAE—WOOD-WARBLERS
Leiothlypis celata —orange-crowned warbler
Setophaga petechia —yellow warbler
CARDINALIDAE—CARDINALS & ALLIES
Piranga ludoviciana —western tanager
FRINGILLIDAE—FRINGILLINE & CARDUELINE FINCHES & ALLIES
Haemorhous mexicanus —house finch
Spinus psaltria —lesser goldfinch
PICIDAE—WOODPECKERS & ALLIES
Melanerpes formicivorus —acorn woodpecker
COLUMBIDAE—PIGEONS & DOVES
Zenaida macroura —mourning dove
HIRUNDINIDAE—SWALLOWS
Stelgidopteryx serripennis —northern rough-winged swallow LEPORIDAE—HARES & RABBITS
Sylvilagus audubonii —desert cottontail
MIMIDAE—MOCKINGBIRDS & THRASHERS
Mimus polyglottos —northern mockingbird
AEGITHALIDAE—LONG-TAILED TITS & BUSHTITS
Psaltriparus minimus —bushtit
*signifies introduced (non-native) species
Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
November 2025

Page 430 of 2424 ends

APPENDIX F

SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES

POTENTIAL TO OCCUR TABLES

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Appendix F - Special-Status Species Potential to Occur Tables Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/Other) Habitats/ Life Form/ Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Habitat Present/ Absent
Potential to Occur in BSA
Abronia villosa var. aurita chaparral sand-verbena None/None/1B.1/BLM-S, USFS-S Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Desert dunes; Sandy/annual
herb/(Jan)Mar–Sep/245–5250 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Allium marvinii Yucaipa onion None/None/1B.2/BLM-S, USFS-S Chaparral (clay, openings)/perennial bulbiferous
herb/Apr–May/2495–3495 HA
Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Ambrosia pumila San Diego ambrosia FE/None/1B.1/None
Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools; Alkaline (sometimes), Clay (sometimes), Disturbed areas (often), Loam (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/perennial rhizomatous
herb/Apr–Oct/65–1360 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Astragalus brauntonii Braunton's milk-vetch FE/None/1B.1/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland; Burned areas (sometimes), Carbonate, Disturbed areas (sometimes), Sandstone (usually)/perennial herb/Jan–Aug/15–2100 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Atriplex coulteri Coulter's saltbush None/None/1B.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal dunes, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland; Alkaline (sometimes), Clay (sometimes)/perennial herb/Mar–Oct/10–1510 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Atriplex pacifica south coast saltscale None/None/1B.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal dunes, Coastal scrub, Playas/annual herb/Mar–Oct/0–460 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Atriplex serenana var.
davidsonii Davidson's saltscale None/None/1B.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal scrub; Alkaline/annual herb/Apr–Oct/35–655 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Baccharis malibuensis Malibu baccharis None/None/1B.1/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Riparian woodland/perennial deciduous shrub/Aug/490–1000 HA
Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Berberis nevinii Nevin's barberry FE/SE/1B.1/None
Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Riparian scrub; Gravelly (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/perennial evergreen
shrub/(Feb)Mar–June/230–2705 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Brodiaea filifolia thread-leaved brodiaea FT/SE/1B.1/None Chaparral (openings), Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Playas, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools; Clay (often)/perennial bulbiferous herb/Mar–June/80–3675 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Calochortus weedii var.
intermedius intermediate mariposa-lily None/None/1B.2/USFS-S Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland; Rocky/perennial bulbiferous herb/May–July/345–2805 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Calystegia felix lucky morning-glory None/None/1B.1/None Meadows and seeps (sometimes alkaline), Riparian scrub (alluvial); Alkaline (sometimes), Loam (sometimes)/annual rhizomatous herb/Mar–Sep/100–705 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Centromadia parryi ssp.
australis southern tarplant None/None/1B.1/None
Marshes and swamps (margins), Valley and foothill grassland (vernally mesic), Vernal pools/annual herb/May–Nov/0–1575 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Centromadia pungens ssp.
laevis smooth tarplant None/None/1B.1/None
Chenopod scrub, Meadows and seeps, Playas, Riparian woodland, Valley and foothill grassland; Alkaline/annual herb/Apr–Sep/0–2100 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Chorizanthe parryi var.
fernandina
San Fernando Valley
spineflower None/SE/1B.1/USFS-S
Coastal scrub (sandy), Valley and foothill grassland/annual herb/Apr–July/490–4005 HA
Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Chorizanthe polygonoides
var. longispina long-spined spineflower None/None/1B.2/BLM-S Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools; Clay (often)/annual herb/Apr–July/100–5020 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Clinopodium chandleri San Miguel savory None/None/1B.2/BLM-S, USFS-S Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Riparian woodland, Valley and foothill grassland; Gabbroic (sometimes), Rocky (sometimes)/perennial shrub/Mar–July/395–3525 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Comarostaphylis diversifolia
ssp. diversifolia summer holly None/None/1B.2/BLM-S
Chaparral, Cismontane woodland/perennial evergreen
shrub/Apr–June/100–2590 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Dudleya cymosa ssp.
ovatifolia Santa Monica dudleya FT/None/1B.1/None
Chaparral, Coastal scrub; Rocky, Volcanic (sometimes)/perennial herb/Mar–June/490–5495 HA
Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Dudleya multicaulis many-stemmed dudleya None/None/1B.2/USFS-S Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill grassland; Clay (often)/perennial herb/Apr–July/50–2590 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Eriastrum densifolium ssp.
sanctorum Santa Ana River woollystar FE/SE/1B.1/None
Chaparral, Coastal scrub (alluvial fans); Gravelly (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/perennial herb/Apr–Sep/300–2000 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
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Potential to Occur in BSA
Helianthus nuttallii ssp.
parishii Los Angeles sunflower None/None/1A/None
Marshes and swamps (freshwater, coastal salt)/perennial rhizomatous herb/Aug–Oct/35–5005 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Hesperocyparis forbesii Tecate cypress None/None/1B.1/BLM-S, USFS-S Chaparral, Closed-cone coniferous forest; Clay, Gabbroic (sometimes)/perennial evergreen tree//260–4920 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Horkelia cuneata var.
puberula mesa horkelia None/None/1B.1/USFS-S
Chaparral (maritime), Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub; Gravelly (sometimes), Sandy (sometimes)/perennial herb/Feb–July(Sep)/230–2660 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Lasthenia glabrata ssp.
coulteri Coulter's goldfields None/None/1B.1/BLM-S
Marshes and swamps (coastal salt), Playas, Vernal pools/annual herb/Feb–June/5–4005 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Lepechinia cardiophylla heart-leaved pitcher sage None/None/1B.2/USFS-S Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Closed-cone coniferous
forest/perennial shrub/Apr–July/1705–4495 HA
Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Monardella australis ssp.
jokerstii Jokerst's monardella None/None/1B.1/USFS-S
Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest; Alluvial Terraces, Scree, Slopes, Talus, Washes/perennial rhizomatous herb/July–Sep/4430–5740 HA Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Monardella hypoleuca ssp.
intermedia intermediate monardella None/None/1B.3/None
Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Lower montane coniferous forest (sometimes)/perennial rhizomatous herb/Apr–Sep/1310–4100 HA Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Monardella macrantha ssp.
hallii Hall's monardella None/None/1B.3/USFS-S
Broadleafed upland forest, Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Lower montane coniferous forest, Valley and foothill grassland/perennial rhizomatous herb/June–Oct/2395–7200 HA
Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Nama stenocarpa mud nama None/None/2B.2/None
Marshes and swamps (lake margins, riverbanks)/annual/perennial herb/Jan–July/15–1640 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Nasturtium gambelii Gambel's water cress FE/ST/1B.1/None Marshes and swamps (brackish, freshwater)/perennial rhizomatous herb/Apr–Oct/15–1085 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Nolina cismontana chaparral nolina None/None/1B.2/USFS-S Chaparral, Coastal scrub; Gabbroic (sometimes), Sandstone (sometimes)/perennial evergreen shrub/(Mar)May–July/460–4185 HA Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Penstemon californicus California beardtongue None/None/1B.2/USFS-S Chaparral, Lower montane coniferous forest, Pinyon and juniper woodland; Sandy/perennial herb/May–June(Aug)/3840–7545 HA Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Pentachaeta aurea ssp.
allenii Allen's pentachaeta None/None/1B.1/None
Coastal scrub (openings), Valley and foothill grassland/annual herb/Mar–June/245–1705 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Phacelia keckii Santiago Peak phacelia None/None/1B.3/USFS-S Chaparral, Closed-cone coniferous forest/annual
herb/May–July/1790–5250 HA
Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Pseudognaphalium
leucocephalum white rabbit-tobacco None/None/2B.2/None
Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Riparian woodland; Gravelly, Sandy/perennial herb/(July)Aug–Nov(Dec)/0–6890 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Senecio aphanactis chaparral ragwort None/None/2B.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub; Alkaline (sometimes)/annual herb/Jan–Apr(May)/50–2625 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Sidalcea neomexicana salt spring checkerbloom None/None/2B.2/USFS-S Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Lower montane coniferous forest, Mojavean desert scrub, Playas; Alkaline, Mesic/perennial herb/Mar–June/50–5020 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Suaeda esteroa estuary seablite None/None/1B.2/None
Marshes and swamps (coastal salt)/perennial
herb/(Jan–May)July–Oct/0–15 HA
Not expected to occur. The study area is outside of the species’ known elevation range and there is no suitable habitat present.

Symphyotrichum defoliatum San Bernardino aster None/None/1B.2/USFS-S Cismontane woodland, Coastal scrub, Lower montane coniferous forest, Marshes and swamps, Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill grassland (vernally mesic); Streambanks/perennial rhizomatous
herb/July–Nov/5–6695 HA Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

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Potential to Occur in BSA
Status Legend:

Federal
FE: Federally listed as endangered
FT: Federally listed as threatened
FPE: Federally proposed for listing as endangered
FPT: Federally proposed for listing as threatened
FC: Federal candidate species (former Category 1 candidates) None: No federal listing
FDL: Delisted
State
SE: State listed as endangered
ST: State listed as threatened
SR: State rare
SCE: State candidate for listing as endangered
SCT: State candidate for listing as threatened
None: No state listing
SDL: State delisting
California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR)
CRPR 1A: Plants presumed extirpated in California and either rare or extinct elsewhere CRPR 1B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere CRPR 2A: Plants presumed extirpated in California but common elsewhere CRPR 2B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California but more common elsewhere CRPR 3: Review List: Plants about which more information is needed CRPR 4: Watch List: Plants of limited distribution
.1 Seriously threatened in California (over 80% of occurrences threatened / high degree and immediacy of threat) .2 Moderately threatened in California (20–80% occurrences threatened / moderate degree and immediacy of threat) .3 Not very threatened in California (<20% of occurrences threatened / low degree and immediacy of threat or no current threats known) Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project Page 434 of 2424 F-3

APPENDIX F - SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR TABLES Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/Other) Habitats Habitat Present/ Absent Potential to Occur in BSA
Amphibians
Anaxyrus californicus arroyo toad FE / None / CDFW-SSC
Desert wash | Riparian scrub | Riparian woodland | South coast flowing waters | South coast standing waters; Semi-arid regions near washes or intermittent streams, including valley-foothill and desert riparian, desert wash, etc. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Spea hammondii western spadefoot FPT / None / BLM-S, CDFW-SSC Cismontane woodland | Coastal scrub | Valley & foothill grassland | Vernal pool | Wetland; Occurs primarily in grassland habitats, but can be found in valley-foothill hardwood woodlands. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Taricha torosa Coast Range newt None / None / CDFW-SSC
Wet forests, oak forests, chaparral, and rolling grassland; Coastal drainages from Mendocino County to San Diego County. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Birds
Agelaius tricolor tricolored blackbird None / ST / BLM-S, CDFW-SSC Freshwater marsh | Marsh & swamp | Swamp | Wetland; Highly colonial species, most numerous in Central Valley and vicinity. Largely endemic to California. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Ammodramus savannarum grasshopper sparrow None / None / CDFW-SSC Valley & foothill grassland; Dense grasslands on rolling hills, lowland plains, in valleys and on hillsides on lower mountain slopes. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Aquila chrysaetos golden eagle None / None / BLM-S, CDFW-FP Broadleaved upland forest | Cismontane woodland | Coastal prairie | Great Basin grassland | Great Basin scrub | Lower montane coniferous forest | Pinon & juniper woodlands | Upper montane coniferous forest | Valley & foothill grassland; Rolling foothills, mountain areas, sagejuniper flats, and desert. HA Golden eagle may be observed flying over
the BSA; however, the BSA does not
support suitable nesting or foraging
habitat for this species.

Asio otus long-eared owl None / None / CDFW-SSC
Cismontane woodland | Great Basin scrub | Riparian forest | Riparian woodland | Upper montane coniferous forest; Riparian bottomlands grown to tall willows and cottonwoods; also, belts of live oak paralleling stream courses. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Athene cunicularia burrowing owl None / SCE / BLM-S, CDFW-SSC Coastal prairie | Coastal scrub | Great Basin grassland | Great Basin scrub | Mojavean desert scrub | Sonoran desert scrub | Valley & foothill grassland; Open, dry annual or perennial grasslands, deserts, and scrublands characterized by low-growing vegetation. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Buteo swainsoni Swainson's hawk None / ST / BLM-S
Great Basin grassland | Riparian forest | Riparian woodland | Valley & foothill grassland; Breeds in grasslands with scattered trees, junipersage flats, riparian areas, savannahs, and agricultural or ranch lands with groves or lines of trees. HA
Swainson's hawk may be observed flying
over the BSA; however, the BSA does not
support suitable nesting or foraging
habitat for this species.

Campylorhynchus
brunneicapillus sandiegensis coastal cactus wren None / None / CDFW-SSC, USFS-S Coastal scrub; Southern California coastal sage scrub. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Circus hudsonius northern harrier None / None / CDFW-SSC Coastal scrub | Great Basin grassland | Marsh & swamp | Riparian scrub | Valley & foothill grassland | Wetland; Coastal salt and freshwater marsh. Nest and forage in grasslands, from salt grass in desert sink to mountain cienagas. HA
Northern harrier may be observed flying
over the BSA; however, the BSA does not
support suitable nesting or foraging
habitat for this species.

Coccyzus americanus
occidentalis western yellow-billed cuckoo FT / SE / BLM-S, USFS-S Riparian forest; Riparian forest nester, along the broad, lower floodbottoms of larger river systems. HANot expected to occur. No suitable habitat is present.

Coturnicops noveboracensis yellow rail None / None / CDFW-SSC, USFS-S Freshwater marsh | Meadow & seep; Summer resident in eastern Sierra Nevada in Mono County. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

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APPENDIX F - SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR TABLES Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/Other) Habitats Habitat Present/ Absent Potential to Occur in BSA
Elanus leucurus white-tailed kite None / None / BLM-S, CDFW-FP Cismontane woodland | Marsh & swamp | Riparian woodland | Valley & foothill grassland | Wetland; Rolling foothills and valley margins with scattered oaks and river bottomlands or marshes next to deciduous woodland. HA
White-tailed kite may be observed flying
over the BSA; however, the BSA does not
support suitable nesting or foraging
habitat for this species.

Empidonax traillii extimus
southwestern willow
flycatcher FE / SE / None Riparian woodland; Riparian woodlands in Southern California. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Haliaeetus leucocephalus bald eagle FD / SE / BLM-S, CDFW-FP, USFS-S Lower montane coniferous forest | Oldgrowth; Ocean shore, lake margins, and rivers for both nesting and wintering. Most nests within 1 mile of water. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Icteria virens yellow-breasted chat None / None / CDFW-SSC Riparian forest | Riparian scrub | Riparian woodland; Summer resident; inhabits riparian thickets of willow and other brushy tangles near watercourses. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Laterallus jamaicensis
coturniculus California black rail None / ST / BLM-S, CDFW-FP Brackish marsh | Freshwater marsh | Marsh & swamp | Salt marsh | Wetland; Inhabits freshwater marshes, wet meadows and shallow margins of saltwater marshes bordering larger bays. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Passerculus sandwichensis
beldingi Belding's savannah sparrow None / SE / None
Marsh & swamp | Wetland; Inhabits coastal salt marshes, from Santa Barbara south through San Diego County. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Polioptila californica
californica coastal California gnatcatcher FT / None / CDFW-SSC Coastal bluff scrub | Coastal scrub; Obligate, permanent resident of coastal sage scrub below 2500 ft in Southern California. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Rallus obsoletus levipes light-footed Ridgway's rail FE / SE / CDFW-FP Marsh & swamp | Salt marsh | Wetland; Found in salt marshes traversed by tidal sloughs, where cordgrass and pickleweed are the dominant vegetation. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Setophaga petechia yellow warbler None / None / CDFW-SSC Riparian forest | Riparian scrub | Riparian woodland; Riparian plant associations in close proximity to water. Also nests in montane shrubbery in open conifer forests in Cascades and Sierra Nevada. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Sternula antillarum browni California least tern FE / SE / CDFW-FP Alkali playa | Wetland; Nests along the coast from San Francisco Bay south to northern Baja California. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Vireo bellii pusillus least Bell's vireo FE / SE / None Riparian forest | Riparian scrub | Riparian woodland; Summer resident of Southern California in low riparian in vicinity of water or in dry river bottoms; below 2000 ft. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Fishes
Catostomus santaanae Santa Ana sucker FT / None / CDFW-SSC Aquatic | South coast flowing waters; Endemic to Los Angeles Basin south coastal streams. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Gila orcuttii arroyo chub None / None / CDFW-SSC, USFS-S Aquatic | South coast flowing waters; Native to streams from Malibu Creek to San Luis Rey River basin. Introduced into streams in Santa Clara, Ventura, Santa Ynez, Mojave and San Diego river basins. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus
pop. 10
steelhead - southern
California DPS FE / SCE / None
Aquatic | South coast flowing waters; Federal listing refers to populations from Santa Maria River south to southern extent of range (San Mateo Creek in San Diego County). HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Rhinichthys gabrielino Santa Ana speckled dace FPT / None / CDFW-SSC, USFS-S Aquatic | South coast flowing waters; Headwaters of the Santa Ana and San Gabriel rivers. May be extirpated from the Los Angeles River system. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Invertebrates
Bombus crotchii Crotch's bumble bee None / SCE / None
Open grassland and scrub communities supporting suitable floral resources. Coastal California east to the Sierra-Cascade crest and south into Mexico. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

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APPENDIX F - SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR TABLES Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/Other) Habitats Habitat Present/ Absent Potential to Occur in BSA
Branchinecta sandiegonensis San Diego fairy shrimp FE / None / None Chaparral | Coastal scrub | Vernal pool | Wetland; Endemic to San Diego and Orange County mesas. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Danaus plexippus plexippus
monarch - California
overwintering population FPT / None / USFS-S
Closed-cone coniferous forest; Winter roost sites extend along the coast from northern Mendocino to Baja California, Mexico. HA Individual monarchs may temporarily
roost in trees within the BSA; however,
this species is not expected to breed or
overwinter within the BSA due to the lack
of suitable habitat.

Euphydryas editha quino quino checkerspot butterfly FE / None / None Chaparral | Coastal scrub; Sunny openings within chaparral and coastal sage shrublands in parts of Riverside and San Diego counties. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Streptocephalus woottoni Riverside fairy shrimp FE / None / None Coastal scrub | Valley & foothill grassland | Vernal pool | Wetland; Endemic to Western Riverside, Orange, and San Diego counties in HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Mammals
Antrozous pallidus pallid bat
None / None / BLM-S, CDFW-SSC,
USFS-S
Chaparral | Coastal scrub | Desert wash | Great Basin grassland | Great Basin scrub | Mojavean desert scrub | Riparian woodland | Sonoran desert scrub | Upper montane coniferous forest | Valley & foothill grassland; Deserts, grasslands, shrublands, woodlands and forests. Most common in open, dry habitats with rocky areas for roosting. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Chaetodipus fallax fallax
northwestern San Diego
pocket mouse None / None / CDFW-SSC
Chaparral | Coastal scrub; Coastal scrub, chaparral, grasslands, sagebrush, etc. in western San Diego, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Los Angeles Counties, inclusive of Orange County. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Choeronycteris mexicana Mexican long-tongued bat None / None / CDFW-SSC Pinon & juniper woodlands | Riparian scrub | Sonoran thorn woodland; Occasionally found in San Diego County, which is on the periphery of their range. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Dipodomys stephensi Stephens' kangaroo rat FT / ST / None Coastal scrub | Valley & foothill grassland; Primarily annual and perennial grasslands, but also occurs in coastal scrub and sagebrush with sparse canopy cover. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Eumops perotis californicus western mastiff bat None / None / BLM-S, CDFW-SSC Chaparral | Cismontane woodland | Coastal scrub | Valley & foothill grassland; Many open, semi-arid to arid habitats, including conifer and deciduous woodlands, coastal scrub, grasslands, chaparral, etc. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Lasiurus xanthinus western yellow bat None / None / CDFW-SSC Desert wash; Found in valley foothill riparian, desert riparian, desert wash, and palm oasis habitats. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Myotis yumanensis Yuma myotis None / None / BLM-S
Lower montane coniferous forest | Riparian forest | Riparian woodland | Upper montane coniferous forest; Optimal habitats are open forests and woodlands with sources of water over which to feed. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Neotoma lepida intermedia San Diego desert woodrat None / None / CDFW-SSC Coastal scrub; Coastal scrub of Southern California from San Diego County to San Luis Obispo County. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Nyctinomops femorosaccus pocketed free-tailed bat None / None / CDFW-SSC Joshua tree woodland | Pinon & juniper woodlands | Riparian scrub | Sonoran desert scrub; Variety of arid areas in Southern California; pinejuniper woodlands, desert scrub, palm oasis, desert wash, desert riparian, etc. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Onychomys torridus ramona southern grasshopper mouse None / None / CDFW-SSC Chenopod scrub; Desert areas, especially scrub habitats with friable soils for digging. Prefers low to moderate shrub cover. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

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APPENDIX F - SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR TABLES Scientific Name Common Name Status (Federal/State/Other) Habitats Habitat Present/ Absent Potential to Occur in BSA
Perognathus longimembris
pacificus Pacific pocket mouse FE / None / CDFW-SSC
Coastal scrub; Inhabits the narrow coastal plains from the Mexican border north to El Segundo, Los Angeles County. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Sorex ornatus salicornicus
southern California saltmarsh
shrew None / None / CDFW-SSC
Salt marsh; Coastal marshes in Los Angeles, Orange and Ventura counties. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Reptiles
Actinemys pallida southwestern pond turtle
FPT / None / BLM-S, CDFW-SSC,

USFS-S HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Anniella stebbinsi
Southern California legless
lizard None / None / CDFW-SSC, USFS-S
Broadleaved upland forest | Chaparral | Coastal dunes | Coastal scrub; Generally south of the Transverse Range, extending to northwestern Baja California. Occurs in sandy or loose loamy soils under sparse vegetation. Disjunct populations in the Tehachapi and Piute Mountains in Kern County. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Arizona elegans occidentalis California glossy snake None / None / CDFW-SSC Arid scrub, rocky washes, grasslands, chaparral, open areas with loose soil; Patchily distributed from the eastern portion of San Francisco Bay, southern San Joaquin Valley, and the Coast, Transverse, and Peninsular ranges, south to Baja California. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Aspidoscelis hyperythra orange-throated whiptail None / None / USFS-S Chaparral | Cismontane woodland | Coastal scrub; Inhabits lowelevation coastal scrub, chaparral, and valley-foothill hardwood habitats. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Aspidoscelis tigris stejnegeri coastal whiptail None / None / CDFW-SSC Hot and dry areas with sparse foliage, including chaparral, woodland, and riparian areas.; Found in deserts and semi-arid areas with sparse vegetation and open areas. Also found in woodland and riparian areas. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Coleonyx variegatus abbotti San Diego banded gecko None / None / CDFW-SSC Chaparral | Coastal scrub; Coastal and cismontane Southern California. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Crotalus ruber red-diamond rattlesnake None / None / CDFW-SSC, USFS-S Chaparral | Mojavean desert scrub | Sonoran desert scrub; Chaparral, woodland, grassland, and desert areas from coastal San Diego County to the eastern slopes of the mountains. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Phrynosoma blainvillii coast horned lizard None / None / BLM-S, CDFW-SSC Chaparral | Cismontane woodland | Coastal bluff scrub | Coastal scrub | Desert wash | Pinon & juniper woodlands | Riparian scrub | Riparian woodland | Valley & foothill grassland; Frequents a wide variety of habitats, most common in lowlands along sandy washes with scattered low bushes. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Salvadora hexalepis
virgultea coast patch-nosed snake None / None / CDFW-SSC Coastal scrub; Brushy or shrubby vegetation in coastal Southern California. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Thamnophis hammondii two-striped gartersnake
None / None / BLM-S, CDFW-SSC,
USFS-S
Marsh & swamp | Riparian scrub | Riparian woodland | Wetland; Coastal California from vicinity of Salinas to northwest Baja California.

From sea to about 7,000 ft elevation. HA
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Thamnophis sirtalis pop. 1 south coast gartersnake None / None / CDFW-SSC Artificial standing waters | Marsh & swamp | Riparian scrub | Riparian woodland | South coast flowing waters | South coast standing waters | Wetland; Southern California coastal plain from Ventura County to San Diego County, and from sea level to about 850 m. HA Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat is present.

Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project Page 438 of 2424 Page F-4

HA = No habitat is present and no further work needed.

A = The species is absent.

Natural Environment Study (Minimal Impacts)
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project Page 439 of 2424 Page F-5

APPENDIX G

WATER QUALITY TECHNICAL

MEMORANDUM

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Michael Baker International
5 Hutton Centre Drive | Santa Ana, CA 92707
Office: 949.472.3505 | Fax: 949.472.8373
JN 204674
Water Quality Technical Memorandum
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
City of Yorba Linda, California
Prepared for: State of California, Department of Transportation July 2025

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Introduction ......................................................................................................................................1 Project Description.................................................................................................................................... 1 General Conditions ..........................................................................................................................13 Existing Drainage Conditions and Facilities.............................................................................................13 Regional and Local Hydrology.................................................................................................................13 Floodplains..............................................................................................................................................13 Groundwater Resources .........................................................................................................................13 Soils/Erosion Potential............................................................................................................................13 Water Quality/Clean Water Act Requirements......................................................................................14 NPDES Permit..........................................................................................................................................18 Impact Analysis................................................................................................................................21 Potential Impacts to Water Quality ........................................................................................................21 Impact Assessment Methodology...........................................................................................................22 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................................................................23 Project Features/Standardized Measures ..............................................................................................23 Avoidance and Minimization Measures............................................................................................25 References.......................................................................................................................................27 Exhibit 1: Regional Vicinity............................................................................................................................2 Exhibit 2: Site Vicinity....................................................................................................................................3 Exhibit 3: Conceptual Site Plan – Savi Ranch Parkway Widening .................................................................5 Exhibit 4a: Typical Sections – Savi Ranch Parkway Widening.......................................................................6 Exhibit 4b: Typical Sections – Savi Ranch Parkway Widening.......................................................................7 Exhibit 5: Conceptual Site Plan – Multi-Use Trail Improvements.................................................................8 Exhibit 6: Existing and Proposed Right-of-Way – Savi Ranch Parkway Widening ........................................9 Exhibit 7: Watershed Map ..........................................................................................................................17 Table 1: Surface Water Beneficial Uses......................................................................................................14 Table 2: Groundwater Beneficial Uses........................................................................................................15 Table 3: Water Body Impairments..............................................................................................................16

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The City of Yorba Linda (City) proposes roadway and multi-use trail improvements within and surrounding Savi Ranch. Savi Ranch, located within the southeastern portion of the City, is a primary job center and consists of retail, commercial, industrial, and office uses. The project includes roadway improvements along Savi Ranch Parkway, Yorba Linda Boulevard, and Mirage Street in addition to a multi-use pedestrian and bicycle trail along Savi Ranch Parkway, Mirage Street, and Old Canal Road. As the region continues to grow in population and development, the proposed circulation improvements would improve mobility and provide additional opportunities for active transportation within the project area.

The project site is situated in the southeastern portion of the City, along the border between the cities of Yorba Linda and Anaheim, in the County of Orange; refer to Exhibit 1, Regional Vicinity and Exhibit 2, Site Vicinity. The proposed roadway improvements would be located on Savi Ranch Parkway between Yorba Linda Boulevard and Mirage Street, on Mirage Street between Crystal Drive and Old Canal Road, and on Yorba Linda Boulevard from Savi Ranch Parkway to approximately 480 feet south of Savi Ranch Parkway. The proposed multi-use trail would extend along Savi Ranch Parkway to Mirage Street, to Old Canal Road, and terminate at the intersection of Old Canal Road and Eastpark Drive.

The project would include a range of roadway and multi-use trail improvements along Savi Ranch Parkway, Yorba Linda Boulevard, Mirage Street, and Old Canal Road. The following describes the proposed roadway and trail improvements associated with the project in further detail. • Savi Ranch Parkway: The project would widen Savi Ranch Parkway to provide a third westbound left-turn lane at the Yorba Linda Boulevard intersection. The westbound free right-turn lane from Mirage Street would be reconfigured into a signalized right-turn lane, and the existing median at this location would be removed. The eastbound free right-turn lane at Mirage Street would be eliminated for pedestrian safety and increase vehicular mobility, and the existing eastbound left-turn lane would be lengthened from 300 feet to 430 feet in order to allow additional storage. Other roadway improvements would include median layout modifications and traffic signal modifications at the Yorba Linda Boulevard and Mirage Street intersections. • Yorba Linda Boulevard: The project would eliminate the eastbound free right-turn and adjacent raised median at Savi Ranch Parkway; this improvement is intended to address pedestrian safety and increase vehicular mobility. The project would widen Yorba Linda Boulevard on the easterly side to provide two right-turn lanes while maintaining the existing through lanes. A length of 450 feet would be provided for right-turn storage. Additional improvements include a modification to the existing sidewalk connecting to an adjacent restaurant use (Taco Bell) and relocation of an existing Savi Ranch monument sign.

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Exhibit 3 through Exhibit 6 show the conceptual plans for project.

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• Mirage Street: The project would eliminate the existing southbound yield right-turn at Savi Ranch Parkway; this improvement is intended to address pedestrian safety and increase vehicular mobility. Additional improvements at this segment include a sidewalk on the westerly side of Mirage Street from Savi Ranch Parkway to the existing driveway for the PetSmart and Staples parking lot, and Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) access ramps and paths of travel.

The project would include a Class I off-street multi-use path on Savi Ranch Parkway and Mirage Street and a Class IV separated bikeway along Old Canal Road. The proposed bikeways would be 12 feet wide with an asphalt concrete surface.

The project would install four retaining walls. These retaining walls would require footings reaching a maximum of 24 feet below existing ground surface.
• A new retaining wall along the west side of Mirage Street would have a length of approximately 79 feet and a maximum height of approximately eight feet; • An existing retaining wall along the north side of Savi Ranch Parkway would be replaced by a new retaining wall with a length of approximately 472 feet and a maximum height of approximately 12 feet.
• A new retaining wall along the south side of Savi Ranch Parkway would have a length of approximately 300 feet and a maximum height of approximately 10 feet; and • A new retaining wall along the east side of Yorba Linda Boulevard would have a length of approximately 92 feet and a maximum height of approximately nine feet.

The temporary and permanent right-of-way acquisitions associated with the project’s roadway improvements. The roadway improvements would require permanent public utility and roadway easements as well as temporary construction easements. Specifically, Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 352-112-03 (Staples), 352-112-04 (PetSmart), 352-113-01, 352-113-02 (Sprouts), and 352-117-01, -02, - 03 (Taco Bell) would be affected. In total, the roadway improvements would require approximately 16,725 square feet in permanent right-of-way acquisition, and require approximately 31,916 square feet for temporary construction easements.

The project would require the removal and/or relocation of streetlights along existing roadways; all street lighting removals, relocations, and/or installation would be conducted by Southern California Edison per plans approved by the City. New illuminated traffic signs would be installed at the intersections of Yorba Linda Boulevard/Savi Ranch Parkway and Savi Ranch Parkway/Mirage Street.

Vegetation clearing and grubbing would be required for roadway and multi-use trail improvements. The project would include new landscaping consisting of Natchez Crape Myrtle tree, a variety of shrubs including Little John dwarf, flower carpet white rose, Cleveland sage, and pine muhly, and Pacific mist manzanita groundcover. Irrigation would be provided by lateral sprinklers, tree drip water bubblers, a root water system for shrubs, and subsurface inline drip, all connected to existing water lines.

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The project proposes to remove two existing catch basins, and install two new catch basins; one catch basin would be located at the corner of Mirage Street and Crystal Drive and would incorporate biofiltration, and the other catch basin would be located at the southwest corner of Savi Ranch Parkway and Mirage Street. Additionally, tree wells for new planted trees would include filters for biofiltration.

Project implementation would require that existing utilities are removed, relocated, or adjusted to grade. Coordination with all utility providers would be required in order to prevent disruption of services and to protect in place existing lines to the extent feasible. Additionally, connections to existing water lines would be required for landscape irrigation.

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The existing topography within the project boundary varies from east to west, and the entire project area is currently captured by curb, gutter, and catch basins. The change in topography is generally flat as the change along all streets is six feet of elevation. The landscaping areas that border Old Canal Road (between its intersections with Eastpark Drive and Mirage Street) slope down to the roadway and sidewalks, whereas the landscaping that borders Old Canal Road (west of its intersection with Mirage Street), Mirage Street, and Savi Ranch Parkway slopes away from the roadway and sidewalks.

Surface drainage through the project area drains generally to the west and north and is captured by the City’s municipal storm drain system. The storm drain system drains to the north towards Santa Ana River Reach 2 (17th Street in Santa Ana to Prado Dam).

The project is located in the Lower Santa Ana River Basin of the Santa Ana River Watershed and situated within the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board’s (RWQCB) jurisdiction. Runoff in the region flows from the Chino Hills north of the project to the southwest towards the Pacific Ocean. The project discharges to Santa Ana River Reach 2 (17th Street in Santa Ana to Prado Dam), which confluences with San Diego Creek Reach 1. Santa Ana River Reach 2 confluences with Santa Ana River Reach 1 (Tidal Prism to 17th Street) at 17th Street in the City of Santa Ana. Santa Ana River Reach 1 discharges to the Pacific Ocean in the cities of Huntington Beach and Newport Beach.

The Villa Park Dam weather station is located approximately four miles southwest of the project, and the available data indicates that an annual average of 14.03 inches were recorded historically (Orange County Public Works Department, 2025).

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) identifies that the project location is in a Zone X area, which means a 0.2 percent annual chance of flood (FEMA, 2009). The project will not impact or encroach on the 100-year floodplain or floodway.

The North Orange County Mapped Depth to First Groundwater map in Orange County Technical Guidance Document, Appendix VIII shows that the project is located within the Orange County Water District Groundwater Basin Protection Boundary (Orange County Stormwater Program, December 2013).

The Draft Geotechnical Exploration Report (Verdantas, 2024) prepared for the project identified groundwater depths in exploratory borings encountered groundwater at depths between 27 and 31 feet. Retaining walls would require soldier pile walls with drilled piles. Drill holes will be a maximum of 40 feet in depth. However, typical excavations associated with the majority of the project site will be two to three feet deep. Therefore, constructing the retaining walls may require dewatering.

The Soil Erodibility Factor (K factor) for the project area is 0.32 according to the 2022 Construction Stormwater General Permit Soil Erodibility (K) Factor Map Tool. Generally, this equates to a moderate

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potential for erosion within the project area characterized by particles resistant to detachment.

However, this is a planning-level tool, so a detailed site-specific survey is still required for design-level analysis.

The Clean Water Act (CWA), as amended by the Water Quality Act of 1987, is the major federal legislation governing water quality, which was enacted “to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation’s waters.” Important sections of the CWA include:
• Sections 303 and 304 – provide for water quality standards, criteria, and guidelines; and • Section 402 – establishes the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), a permitting system for the discharge of any pollutant (except for dredge or fill material) into waters of the United States. This permitting program is administered by the California RWQCBs.

The permits associated with these sections of the CWA typically include additional site-specific requirements. The desktop survey indicated that no permits are anticipated under the CWA to develop this site.

The RWQCB is responsible for the protection of beneficial uses of water resources within its jurisdiction and uses planning, permitting, and enforcement authorities to meet this responsibility. Every water body within the jurisdiction of the Santa Ana RWQCB is designated a set of beneficial uses that are protected by appropriate water quality objectives and identified in the Santa Ana RWQCB’s Water Quality Control Plan for the Santa Ana River Basin (Basin Plan). Based on the information currently available, the project discharges to Santa Ana River Reach 2 (17th Street in Santa Ana to Prado Dam) which has designated surface water beneficial uses. In addition, the project is located in the Orange Groundwater Management Zone. Table 1 summarizes the beneficial uses of surface water, and Table 2 summarizes the beneficial uses of groundwater as designated by the Basin Plan.

Table 1: Surface Water Beneficial Uses
Beneficial Use Type
Agricultural Supply (AGR) – Includes waters used for farming, horticulture or ranching. These uses may include, but are not limited to, irrigation, stock watering, and support of vegetation for range grazing.

Groundwater Recharge (GWR) – Includes waters used for natural or artificial recharge of groundwater for purposes that may include, but are not limited to, future extraction, maintaining water quality or halting saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers.

Water Contact Recreation (REC1) – Includes waters used for recreational activities involving body contact with water where ingestion of water is reasonably possible. These uses may include, but are not limited to, swimming, wading, water-skiing, skin and scuba diving, surfing, whitewater activities, fishing and use of natural hot springs.

Non-contact Water Recreation (REC2) – Includes waters used for recreational activities involving proximity to water, but not normally involving body contact with water where ingestion of water would be reasonably possible. These uses may include, but are not limited to, picnicking, sunbathing, hiking, beachcombing, camping, boating, tidepool and marine life study, hunting, sightseeing and aesthetic enjoyment in conjunction with the above activities.

Warm Freshwater Habitat (WARM) – Includes waters that support warmwater ecosystems that may include, but are not limited to, preservation and enhancement of aquatic habitats, vegetation, fish and wildlife, including invertebrates.

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Beneficial Use Type
Wildlife Habitat (WILD) – Includes waters that support wildlife habitats that may include, but are not limited to, the preservation and enhancement of vegetation and prey species used by waterfowl and other wildlife.

Rare, Threatened or Endangered Species (RARE) – Includes waters that support the habitats necessary for the survival and successful maintenance of plant or animal species designated under state or federal law as rare, threatened or endangered.

Spawning, Reproduction and Development (SPWN) – Includes waters that support high quality aquatic habitats necessary for reproduction and early development of fish and wildlife.

Table 2: Groundwater Beneficial Uses
Beneficial Use Type
Municipal and Domestic Supply (MUN) – Includes waters used for community, military, municipal or individual water supply systems. These uses may include, but are not limited to, drinking water supply.

Agricultural Supply (AGR) – Includes waters used for farming, horticulture or ranching. These uses may include, but are not limited to, irrigation, stock watering, and support of vegetation for range grazing.

Industrial Service Supply (IND) – Includes waters used for industrial activities that do not depend primarily on water quality. These uses may include, but are not limited to, mining, cooling water supply, hydraulic conveyance, gravel washing, fire protection and oil well repressurization.

Industrial Process Supply (PROC) – Includes waters used for industrial activities that depend primarily on water quality. These uses may include, but are not limited to, process water supply and all uses of water related to product manufacture or food preparation.

Section 303 of the CWA requires that the state adopt water quality objectives for surface waters. The Basin Plan contains water quality objectives that are considered necessary to protect the specific beneficial uses it identifies for surface waters. Section 303(d) of the CWA specifically requires the state to develop a list of impaired water bodies and Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs), which are plans to determine the maximum allowable pollutant load that a water body can receive and continue to meet the designated beneficial uses. The California State Water Resources Control Board submitted its 2024 List of Impaired Waters for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency approval in the 2024 Integrated Report. Although Santa Ana River Reach 2 is not on the 303(d) List per the 2024 Integrated Report (Category 5), it is listed on a list of 2024 California waters with insufficient information to assess beneficial use support but some uses may be potentially threatened (Category 3). The U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency partially approved the list due to 44 water bodies not listed for benthic community effects which was inconsistent with California’s water quality standards, and nine water quality-limited segments that were erroneously classified as implementing approved regulatory alternatives to TMDLs. Santa Ana River Reach 2 is one of the water quality limited segments that has an impairment due to benthic community effects. Table 3 summarizes the receiving water bodies that the project will discharge to and their impairments (303(d) List and TMDL Constituents), from its initial discharge to a receiving water body and following the flow downstream to the Pacific Ocean.

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Table 3: Water Body Impairments
Water Body Name 303(d) List Constituent1 TMDL Constituent Potential TMDL Constituent2
Santa Ana River Reach 2
(17th Street in Santa Ana
to Prado Dam)
Alachlor, Alkalinity as CaCO3,
Atrazine, Azinphos-methyl
(Guthion), Benthic Community
Effects, Boron, Cadmium, Carbaryl,
Carbofuran, Chlorpyrifos, Copper,
Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene
(DDE), Diazinon, Dieldrin, Dissolved
Oxygen, Disulfoton, Indicator
Bacteria, Lead, Malathion, Methyl
Parathion, Molinate, Simazine,
Temperature, Thiobencarb/Bolero,
Total Dissolved Solids, pH, and
Selenium
None WARM beneficial use
impairment based on
benthic community
effects data.

Santa Ana River Reach 1
(Tidal Prism to 17th
Street)
None None None
Tidal Prism of Santa Ana
River (to within 1000’ of
Victoria Street) and
Newport Slough
None None None
Exhibit 7 shows the location of the project within the Santa Ana River Watershed. 1 California State Water Resources Control Board, 2024 Integrated Report (Clean Water Act Section 303(d) List/305(b) Report) Categories 3 and 5, accessed via this website: https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/ programs/water_quality_assessment/2024-integrated-report.html, December 13, 2024. 2 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 9, Letter Re: California’s 2024 List of Impaired Waters under Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 303(d), accessed via this website: https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2024- 12/ca-2024-303d-list-epa-partial-approval-disapproval-2024-12-12.pdf, December 12, 2024.

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The project must conform to all applicable water quality regulations and/or permit requirements of the SWRCB and any applicable local RWQCB. The project’s construction activities will be completely located within the City right of way (ROW) including permanent ROW and temporary construction easements to be utilized during the short-term construction process. The existing total impervious surface area is approximately 4.11 acres.

The City is a co-permittee along with the County of Orange in the Santa Ana RWQCB’s Orange County Municipal NPDES Permit (Order R8-2009-0030, as amended by Order R8-2010-0062). The Orange County 2003 Drainage Area Management Plan’s (DAMP) New Development/Redevelopment Program requires priority projects to implement treatment control BMPs if they will result in an increase of 5,000 or more square feet in impervious surface. In addition, the Orange County NPDES Permit includes hydromodification requirements that projects must include management techniques to reduce the potential for impacts, such as a change in runoff and sediment yield because of land use modifications.

In the Santa Ana Region, the Technical Guidance Document for the Preparation of Conceptual/ Preliminary and/or Project Water Quality Management Plans (Technical Guidance Document) has a preliminary map that indicates the potential areas within the Santa Ana River Watershed that are susceptible to erosion. Based on the information currently available and since this project is a priority project, it is anticipated that a Priority Project Water Quality Management Plan will be required to document the BMPs that are applicable to the project.

The Construction General Permit (NPDES No. CAS000002, SWRCB Order No. 2022-0057-DWQ, was adopted on September 8, 2022) and effective on September 1, 2023. The permit regulates stormwater discharges from construction sites which result in a Disturbed Soil Area (DSA) of one acre or greater, and/or are smaller sites that are part of a larger common plan of development. • For all projects subject to the CGP, the applicant is required to hire a Qualified Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) Developer (QSD) to develop and implement an effective SWPPP. A Qualified SWPP Practitioner (QSP) may be hired as well to assist in field work. All Project Registration Documents (PRDs), including the SWPPP, Risk Level (RL) Determinations, Site map and post-construction treatment documents are required to be uploaded into the SWRCB’s on-line Stormwater Multiple Application and Report Tracking System (SMARTS). A Waste discharge Identification (WDID) number will be issued within 10 business days after the State Water Board receives a complete Notice of Intent (NOI) package. • The 2022 CGP requires post-construction treatment permit registration documents to be submitted in SMARTS with the NOI to include: (1) An attachment or web-source containing the NPDES MS4 post-construction requirements and (2) the post-construction plans and calculations (Preliminary post-construction plans and calculations may be submitted as a Permit Registration Document, as long as the approved plans and calculations are submitted within 14 days of approval by the municipal stormwater permittee, through a Change of Information (COI) in SMARTS). Additionally, a COI in SMARTS must be submitted for any revisions to postconstruction plans and calculations prior to submitting the Notice of Termination (NOT).

Based on the information currently available, the disturbed soil area (DSA) is estimated to be approximately 6.2 acres and the project would require CGP coverage and preparation of a SWPPP.

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Projects that disturb over one acre but less than five acres of soil, may qualify for waiver of CGP coverage. This occurs whenever the Rainfall Erosivity, (R) in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) is less than five. When the R factor is below the numeric value of five, projects can be waived from coverage under the CGP. Refer to the CGP, Attachment D1, Risk Determination Worksheet of the CGP (see References Section).

Construction activity that results in soil disturbances of less than one acre is subject to this CGP if there is potential for significant water quality impairment resulting from the activity as determined by the RWQCB. Operators of regulated construction sites are required to develop a SWPPP, to implement soil erosion and pollution prevention control measures, and to obtain coverage under the CGP. The project does not meet the thresholds to waive the CGP requirements.

The CGP contains a risk-based permitting approach by establishing three levels of risk possible for a construction site. Risk levels are determined during the planning, design, and construction phases, and are based on project risk of generating sediments and receiving water risk of becoming impaired.

Requirements apply according to the Risk Level (RL) determined, with additional monitoring and reporting requirements for higher risk projects with detailed requirements listed in Attachment D of the CGP. Requirements include:
• Visual inspections weekly, prior to Qualifying Precipitation Events (QPEs), during QPEs (every 24 hours) and post QPEs. A qualifying Storm Event (QPE) is defined as a forecasted 50% probability of precipitation of 0.5” or more within a 24-hour period and continues on subsequent 24-hour periods when 0.25 inches or more is forecast.
• RL 2 and 3 projects have sampling requirement for pH and Turbidity. • Additionally, sampling for Numeric Action Levels (NALs) and Numeric Effluent Limits (NELs) is required for all risk level projects for TMDL-related non-visible pollutants listed in Attachment H of the CGP, if there is a discharge due to failure to implement a BMP, a container spill or leak, or a BMP breach or malfunction.

Based on the information currently available, the project is a Risk Level 2 project (WQTM Appendix).

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Since the project is the installation of Class I and IV multi-use bicycle and pedestrian trails, the expected pollutants of concern that will impact water quality are suspended-solids/sediment, nutrients, bacteria, and insecticides/pesticides. To avoid and minimize impacts, temporary construction BMPs will be implemented during construction, and post-construction BMPs will be implemented for operation and maintenance. The project will not impact or encroach on the 100-year floodplain or floodway.

During construction, the project’s total DSA is estimated to be 6.2 acres and will include the following elements:
• The construction of roadway improvements along Savi Ranch Parkway, Yorba Linda Boulevard, and Mirage Street;
• Construction of a Class I off-street multi-use path on Savi Ranch Parkway and Mirage Street, and a Class IV separated bikeway along Old Canal Road;
• Construction of retaining walls along the west side of Mirage Street, the north and south side of Savi Ranch Parkway, and the east side of Yorba Linda Boulevard; • Vegetation clearing and grubbing for roadway and multi-use trail improvements; and • Remove existing catch basins, install two new catch basins, and adjust existing utilities (removal, relocation, or adjusted to grade as required).

Pollutants during construction include:
• Sediment;
• Metals;
• Trash;
• Petroleum products;
• Concrete waste (dry and wet);
• Sanitary waste; and
• Chemicals.

Each of these pollutants on its own or in combination with other pollutants can have a detrimental effect on water quality. Under the Construction General Permit, the project is required to prepare a SWPPP. If construction BMPs are properly designed, implemented, and maintained, as presented in the Avoidance and Minimization Measures in the Project Features/Standardized Measures section, then no adverse water quality impacts would occur during construction of the project.

Dewatering may occur during construction of the project. In the event that groundwater and any other non-stormwater dewatering activities are necessary, these activities are subject to the requirements of the Regional Board. A separate permit would be required for dewatering activities.

It is expected that the project’s Class I and IV multi-use bicycle and pedestrian trails will be built within the existing City ROW but will also require acquisitions to accommodate the bicycle and pedestrian trail improvements. The primary pollutants of concern that will be generated by the project include:
• Suspended solids/sediment;

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• Nutrients;
• Pathogens; and
• Pesticides.

Each of these pollutants on its own or in combination with other pollutants can have a detrimental effect on water quality. As required by the Orange County NPDES Permit, the project is required to prepare a WQMP and evaluate the project for the feasibility of BMPs during the project’s planning phases. If BMPs are properly designed, implemented, and maintained, as presented in the Avoidance and Minimization Measures in the Project Features/Standardized Measures section, then no adverse water quality impacts would occur during long-term operation of the project.

The identified temporary construction impacts must be addressed in the SWPPP prepared for the project to meet the CGP requirements. Moreover, the temporary erosion and sediment control BMPs detailed in the SWPPP must be implemented during construction per DAMP Section 8, Construction (July 1, 2003). If construction BMPs are properly designed, implemented, and maintained, as presented in the Avoidance and Minimization Measures in Project Features/Standardized Measures section, then no adverse water quality impacts will occur during construction of the project site.

Because the project consists of constructing Class I and IV multi-use bicycle and pedestrian trails, the project’s activities will result in a permanent increase of impervious surfaces and a permanent increase in runoff and pollutant loading. The operation and maintenance of the project is subject to the requirements of the Orange County NPDES Permit.

The BMPs that must be considered during the planning and design phase include site design and drainage BMPs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Green Streets BMPs, Low Impact Development (LID) and treatment control BMPs, source controls (non-structural and structural measures), and construction site BMPs. During the design phase, the increase in flows and pollutant loading will be evaluated and documented in the WQMP preparation analyses. Since the estimated proposed new impervious surface is approximately 0.63 acres, BMPs will be required for the project. Moreover, the minimum site design and drainage BMPs that will be evaluated for the project include the following:
• Minimize impervious area
• Maximize natural infiltration capacity
• Preserve existing drainage patterns and time of concentration • Disconnect impervious areas
• Protect existing vegetation and sensitive areas
• Revegetate disturbed areas
• Soil stockpiling and site generated organics
• Firescaping
• Xeriscape landscaping
• Slopes and channel buffers
• Techniques to minimize land disturbance
• LID BMPs at scales from single parcels to watershed
• Integrated water resource management practices
Currently, stormwater runoff from within the project area is untreated. Any BMPs included in the project will be selected from the approved BMP list in the Technical Guidance Document for the Preparation of Conceptual/Preliminary and/or Project Water Quality Management Plans (WQMPs) for the Santa Ana Region. Where feasible, site design and drainage BMPs will be incorporated into the

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project. In addition, non-structural source control BMPs will be used to maximize pollutant treatment where feasible.

The project will result in an increase in impervious area. The construction of the project could contribute to exceeding the waste load allocations in approved TMDLs in downstream waterbodies. The implementation of appropriate project BMPs as a part of the project to treat the pollutants of concern should adequately address any potential cumulative impacts of constructing or long-term maintenance and operation of the project.

The project features included as part of this project will be consistent with the requirements for discharges from projects in the planning phase. For example, the selected temporary construction and permanent treatment BMPs will be evaluated but ultimately determined in the final design phase of the project. The project features will also include methods to address potential short-term (during construction) and long-term (post-construction/maintenance) impacts (listed below in Measures PFWQ-1, PF-WQ-2, PF-WQ-3, and PF-WQ-4) from the project.

The project’s total DSA is estimated to be 6.2 acres and will include the following elements:
• Temporary ROW acquisitions to accommodate construction of roadway improvements along Savi Ranch Parkway, Yorba Linda Boulevard, and Mirage Street; • Construction of a Class I off-street multi-use path on Savi Ranch Parkway and Mirage Street, and a Class IV separated bikeway along Old Canal Road;
• Construction of retaining walls along the west side of Mirage Street, the north and south side of Savi Ranch Parkway, and the east side of Yorba Linda Boulevard; • Vegetation clearing and grubbing for roadway and multi-use trail improvements; and • Remove existing catch basins, install two new catch basins, and adjust existing utilities (removal, relocation, or adjusted to grade as required).

The pollutants that will be prevalent during construction include sediment, metals, trash, petroleum products, concrete waste (dry and wet), sanitary waste, and chemicals. The proposed temporary construction site BMPs to address the potential effects of sediment runoff while constructing the project per the Orange County Stormwater Program DAMP (2003) and the California Stormwater Quality Association’s Stormwater Best Management Practice Handbook, Construction, 2002 Edition will be included as project features. The following would be documented where feasible in the SWPPP prepared for the project as a minimum and implemented during construction:
• Erosion Control
• Sediment Control
• Wind Erosion Control
• Tracking Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
• Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control
The following project features will avoid or minimize the project’s environmental consequences during the construction phase.

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• PF-WQ-1 – The project will comply with the provisions of the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board’s Waste Discharge Requirements for The County of Orange, Orange County Flood Control District and The Incorporated Cities of Orange County within the Santa Ana Region Areawide Urban Storm Water Runoff Orange County (Order No. R8-2009-0030, as amended by Order No. R8-2010-0062, NPDES No. CAS618030) and the California State Water Resources Control Board’s NPDES General Permit for Storm Water Discharges of Stormwater Runoff Associated with Construction and Land Disturbance Activities (Order No. 2022-0057-DWQ), and any subsequent permit in effect at the time of construction. • PF-WQ-2 – A Storm Water Management Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) shall be prepared and implemented to address all construction-related activities, equipment, and materials that have the potential to impact water quality. The SWPPP shall identify the sources of pollutants that may affect the quality of stormwater and include the construction site BMPs to control pollutants such as Erosion Control, Sediment Control, Wind Erosion Control, Tracking Control, Non-Storm Water Management, and Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control.

Additional BMP reference material is contained within the Orange County Stormwater Program Drainage Area Management Plan (2003) and the California Stormwater Quality Association’s Stormwater Best Management Practice Handbook, Construction, 2002 Edition. These include, but are not limited to temporary sediment control, temporary soil stabilization, waste management, and other non-stormwater BMPs.
• PF-WQ-3 – If dewatering is required, construction site dewatering must comply with the Santa Ana Regional Water Resources Control Board’s (RWQCB) General Waste Discharge Requirements for Discharges to Surface Waters That Pose an Insignificant (De Minimis) Threat to Water Quality (Order No. R8-2020-0006, NPDES No. CAG998001) (Permit) and any subsequent updates to the Permit at the time of construction. This Permit addresses temporary dewatering operations during construction. Dewatering best management practices must be used to control sediment and pollutants, and the discharges must comply with the waste discharge requirements issued by the Santa Ana RWQCB.

The project’s installation of Class I and IV multi-use bicycle and pedestrian trails will generate the following constituents:
• Suspended solids/sediment;
• Nutrients;
• Pathogens; and
• Pesticides.

Since the project is the installation of Class I and IV multi-use bicycle and pedestrian trails, it will result in an increase of 0.63 acres of impervious surface within City ROW. Therefore, the feasibility of treatment control BMPs to address these pollutants of concern is required to be evaluated for the project. As the project continues through the planning phase and the plans are finalized, a Priority Project WQMP will be prepared for the project that will include any BMPs where applicable and feasible. • PF-WQ-4 – A Priority Project Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) shall be prepared and implemented to address all post-construction related maintenance activities and materials that have the potential to impact water quality during the long-term maintenance of the project. The WQMP will document Best Management Practices (BMPs) where applicable and feasible.

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The project will incorporate project features and standardized measures that include temporary and permanent non-structural BMPs as outlined in the Project Features/Standardized Measures section.

With the implementation of these project features, no adverse impacts to water quality would occur, and no avoidance, minimization, and/or mitigation measures are required.

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California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region, General Waste Discharge Requirements for Discharges to Surface Waters that Pose an Insignificant (De Minimis) Threat to Water Quality, Order Number R8-2020-0006, NPDES Number CAG998001, June 19, 2020.

California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region, Waste Discharge Requirements for The County of Orange, Orange County Flood Control District and The Incorporated Cities of Orange County within the Santa Ana Region Areawide Urban Storm Water Runoff Orange County, Order Number R8-2009-0030, NPDES Number CAS618030, as amended by Order Number R8-2010-0062, May 22, 2009 (updated October 29, 2010).

California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region, Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) for the Santa Ana River Basin, January 24, 1995 (Updated April 2025, including all prior updates).

California State Water Resources Control Board, 2024 Integrated Report (Clean Water Act Section 303(d) List/305(b) Report), accessed via this website: https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/ programs/water_quality_assessment/2024-integrated-report.html, December 13, 2024.

California State Water Resources Control Board, National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Construction and Land Disturbance Activities (General Permit), Order Number 2022-0057-DWQ, NPDES Number CAS000002, September 8, 2022, and latest Google Earth K Factor and LS Factor data files.

Accessed at https:/www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/construction/ general_permit_reissuance.html.

Orange County Public Works Department, Dated PDF Rain reports, accessed via this website: https:// ocgov.app.box.com/s/yzyc37228lph7at3aicmn26rr184nzbv, May 19, 2025.

Orange County Stormwater Program (County of Orange and associated Permittees), Drainage Area Management Plan, July 1, 2003.

Orange County Stormwater Program (County of Orange and associated Permittees), Exhibit 7.III Technical Guidance Document (TGD) for the Preparation of Conceptual/Preliminary and/or Project Water Quality Management Plans (WQMPs), December 20, 2013.

United States Environmental Protection Agency Region 9, Letter Re: California’s 2024 List of Impaired Waters under Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 303(d), accessed via this website: https://www. epa. gov/system/files/documents/2024-12/ca-2024-303d-list-epa-partial-approval-disapproval2024-12-12.pdf, December 12, 2024.

United States Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Map Service Center, Flood Maps, Panel 180, Map Number 06059C0180J, December 3, 2009, and accessed at http://msc.fema.gov on May 8, 2025.

United States Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Map Service Center, Flood Maps, Panel 90, Map Number 06059C0090J, December 3, 2009, and accessed at http://msc.fema.gov on May 8, 2025.

Verdantas, Inc., Geotechnical Exploration Report, Yorba Linda Boulevard Widening Project, Yorba Linda, California, Prepared for: Mark Thomas Company, October 18, 2024.

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City of Yorba Linda Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project WQTM Appendix: Construction General Permit Risk Assessment

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
Construction General Permit Risk Assessment
Entry

46.45 0.32

6.66 Watershed Erosion Estimate (=RxKxLS) in tons/acre
Site Sediment Risk Factor
Low Sediment Risk: < 15 tons/acre
Medium Sediment Risk: >=15 and <75 tons/acre
High Sediment Risk: >= 75 tons/acre
Sediment Risk Factor Worksheet
A) R Factor
R Factor Value
B) K Factor (weighted average, by area, for all site soils) Analyses of data indicated that when factors other than rainfall are held constant, soil loss is directly proportional to a rainfall factor composed of total storm kinetic energy (E) times the maximum 30-min intensity (I30) (Wischmeier and Smith, 1958). The numerical value of R is the average annual sum of EI30 for storm events during a rainfall record of at least 22 years. "Isoerodent" maps were developed based on R values calculated for more than 1000 locations in the Western U.S. Refer to the link below to determine the R factor for the project site. http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/LEW/lewCalculator.cfm K Factor Value
LS Factor Value
High
C) LS Factor (weighted average, by area, for all slopes) The soil-erodibility factor K represents: (1) susceptibility of soil or surface material to erosion, (2) transportability of the sediment, and (3) the amount and rate of runoff given a particular rainfall input, as measured under a standard condition. Fine-textured soils that are high in clay have low K values (about 0.05 to 0.15) because the particles are resistant to detachment. Coarse-textured soils, such as sandy soils, also have low K values (about 0.05 to 0.2) because of high infiltration resulting in low runoff even though these particles are easily detached. Medium-textured soils, such as a silt loam, have moderate K values (about 0.25 to 0.45) because they are moderately susceptible to particle detachment and they produce runoff at moderate rates. Soils having a high silt content are especially susceptible to erosion and have high K values, which can exceed 0.45 and can be as large as 0.65. Silt-size particles are easily detached and tend to crust, producing high rates and large volumes of runoff. Use Site-specific data must be submitted.

The effect of topography on erosion is accounted for by the LS factor, which combines the effects of a hillslope-length factor, L, and a hillslope-gradient factor, S. Generally speaking, as hillslope length and/or hillslope gradient increase, soil loss increases. As hillslope length increases, total soil loss and soil loss per unit area increase due to the progressive accumulation of runoff in the downslope direction. As the hillslope gradient increases, the velocity and erosivity of runoff increases. Use the LS table located in separate tab of this spreadsheet to determine LS factors.

Estimate the weighted LS for the site prior to construction.

98.99424
Site-specific K factor guidance
LS Table

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
Construction General Permit Risk Assessment
Receiving Water (RW) Risk Factor Worksheet Entry Score
A. Watershed Characteristics yes/no
A.1. Does the disturbed area discharge (either directly or indirectly) to a 303(d)-listed waterbody impaired by sediment (For help with impaired waterbodies please visit the link below) or has a USEPA approved TMDL implementation plan for sediment?:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/integrated2010.shtml OR
A.2. Does the disturbed area discharge to a waterbody with designated beneficial uses of SPAWN & COLD & MIGRATORY? (For help please review the appropriate Regional Board Basin Plan)
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterboards_map.shtml
No Low

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
Construction General Permit Risk Assessment
Low Medium High
Low Level 1
High Level 3
Project Sediment Risk: High 3
Project RW Risk: Low 1
Project Combined Risk: Level 2
Combined Risk Level Matrix
Sediment Risk
Receiving Water
Risk
Level 2
Level 2

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening/Connect Savi Ranch Project
Construction General Permit Risk Assessment Supporting Documentation

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EPA’s Rainfall Erosivity Factor Calculator, R Factor = 46.45 California State Water Resources Control Board 2022 Construction Stormwater General Permit Soil Erodibility (K) Factor Map Tool, K-Factor = 0.32 (The soil-erodibility factor (K) represents: (1) the susceptibility of soil or surface material to erosion, (2) the transportability of the sediment, and (3) the amount and rate of runoff given a particular rainfall input, as measured under a standard condition. Fine-textured soils that are high in clay have low K values (about 0.05 to 0.15) because the particles are resistant to detachment. Coarse-textured soils, such as sandy soils, also have low K values (about 0.05 to 0.2) because of high infiltration resulting in low runoff, although these particles are easily detached. Medium-textured soils, such as a silt loam, have moderate K values (about 0.25 to 0.45) because they are moderately susceptible to particle detachment and they produce runoff at moderate rates. Soils having a high silt content are especially susceptible to erosion and have high K values,

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Construction General Permit Risk Assessment Supporting Documentation

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which can exceed 0.45 and can be as large as 0.65. Silt-size particles are easily detached and tend to crust, producing high runoff rates and large runoff volumes.)
California State Water Resources Control Board 2022 Construction Stormwater General Permit Length-Slope (LS) Factor Map Tool, LS-Factor = 6.66 (The effect of topography on erosion is accounted for by the LS factor, which combines the effects of a hillslope-length factor, L, and a hillslope-gradient factor, S. Generally speaking, as hillslope length and/or hillslope gradient increase, soil loss increases. As hillslope length increases, total soil loss and soil loss per unit area increase due to the progressive accumulation of runoff in the downslope direction. As the hillslope gradient increases, the velocity and erosivity of runoff increases.)

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Attachment D Page 479 of 2424

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT FOR THE SAVI

RANCH PARKWAY WIDENING AND CONNECT SAVI

RANCH PROJECT, CITY OF YORBA LINDA, ORANGE

COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
Federal Project: STPCML-5402(034)
Prepared for:

California Department of Transportation District 12
1750 E. 4th Street #100, Santa Ana, California, 92705
and
City of Yorba Linda
4845 Casa Loma Avenue, Yorba Linda, California, 92886
Prepared by: ______________________________________ ____________________ Molly Valasik, M.A., RPA Date Principal Investigator Prehistoric Archaeology
Cogstone Resource Management
1518 West Taft Avenue, Orange, CA 92865
Authors: John Gust, Ph.D., RPA, Alison Bryson-Deveraux, M.A, Kim Scott, M.S., Shannon Lopez, M.A., and Molly Valasik, M.A., RPA
Reviewed by: ______________________________________ ____________________ Judy Bernal Date
Archaeology PQS
Caltrans District 12
Approved by: ______________________________________ _____________________ Alben Phung Date Senior Environmental Planner
Environmental Support
Caltrans District 12
USGS 7.5-Minute Quadrangle: Prado Dam (1982) and Black Star Canyon (1977); 17.01 Acres Cultural Resources: P-30-001067 (CA-ORA-001067)
October 2025
11-5-2025

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Archaeological Survey Report (ASR) Section 106
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) i

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................................................................................I LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................. II LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................................ II SUMMARY OF FINDINGS................................................................................................III CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1

1.1 .................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................. 1

1.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................... 2

1.3.1 ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS ..................................................................................................................................2

1.3.2 MULTI-USE TRAIL................................................................................................................................................ 2

1.3.3 RETAINING WALLS ............................................................................................................................................... 2

1.3.4 RIGHT-OF-WAY.................................................................................................................................................... 3

1.3.5 TRAFFIC SIGNAGE AND LIGHTING ....................................................................................................................... 3

1.3.6 LANDSCAPING AND IRRIGATION ........................................................................................................................... 3

1.3.7 SITE DRAINAGE AND UTILITIES............................................................................................................................ 3

1.3.8 GROUND DISTURBANCE....................................................................................................................................... 4

1.4 AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS .................................................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER 2. SOURCES CONSULTED .............................................................................. 7

2.1 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM ................................................. 7

2.1.1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE WITHIN THE APE...............................................................................................10

2.1.2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT TO THE APE ..............................................................10

2.2 OTHER SOURCES...............................................................................................................................................11

2.3 NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION .......................................................................................................12

2.4 HISTORICAL SOCIETY CONSULTATIONS...............................................................................................15 CHAPTER 3. BACKGROUND........................................................................................... 16

3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING .........................................................................................................................16

3.1.1 CLIMATE, FLORA/ FAUNA, AND LAND USE ........................................................................................................16

3.2 GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS ..............................................................................16

3.2.1 GEOLOGICAL SETTING.......................................................................................................................................16

3.2.2 STRATIGRAPHY...................................................................................................................................................19

3.2.3 GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL METHODS .....................................................................................................................20

3.2.4 GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL RESULTS .......................................................................................................................21

3.3 ETHNOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................................23

3.3.1 GABRIELENO......................................................................................................................................................23

3.4 PREHISTORIC SETTING..................................................................................................................................25

3.4.1 PREHISTORIC CHRONOLOGY .............................................................................................................................26

3.5 HISTORICAL SETTING....................................................................................................................................28

3.5.1 SPANISH PERIOD (1769-1822) ..........................................................................................................................28

3.5.2 MEXICAN PERIOD (1822-1847) ........................................................................................................................29

3.5.3 AMERICAN PERIOD (1848-PRESENT) .................................................................................................................30

3.5.4 CITY OF YORBA LINDA .......................................................................................................................................30

3.5.5 APE HISTORY ....................................................................................................................................................30 CHAPTER 4. FIELD METHODS....................................................................................... 32 CHAPTER 5. STUDY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS................................................. 38

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) ii

5.2 PREVIOUSLY UNIDENTIFIED CULTURAL MATERIALS.....................................................................38 CHAPTER 6. REFERENCES CITED ................................................................................ 39

LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1.PROJECT VICINITY MAP .................................................................................................................................... 5 FIGURE 2.PROJECT LOCATION MAP .................................................................................................................................. 6 FIGURE 3. GEOLOGY OF THE APE ...................................................................................................................................18 FIGURE 4. MIOCENE PALEOENVIRONMENT OF YORBA LINDA .....................................................................................19 FIGURE 5. SOILS MAP OF THE APE ..................................................................................................................................22 FIGURE 6.TRIBAL BOUNDARIES MAP (HEIZER 1978:IX) ...............................................................................................24 FIGURE 7. SURVEY COVERAGE MAP.................................................................................................................................33 FIGURE 8. APE OVERVIEW FROM OLD CANAL ROAD AND OAK CREST CIRCLE. VIEW TO THE SOUTHWEST........34 FIGURE 9. APE OVERVIEW FROM OLD CANAL ROAD AND OAK CREST CIRCLE. VIEW TO THE WEST. ..................34 FIGURE 10.APE OVERVIEW DOWN MIRAGE STREET FROM NEAR OLD CANAL ROAD. VIEW TO THE NORTHWEST. ..............................................................................................................................................................................................35 FIGURE 11. APE OVERVIEW OF YORBA LINDA BOULEVARD. VIEW TO THE SOUTH-SOUTHEAST. ...........................35 FIGURE 12. OVERVIEW OF P-30-001067 RESOURCE AREA FROM SAVI RANCH PARKWAY NEAR CALIFORNIA HIGHWAY 91 EASTBOUND OFFRAMP. VIEW TO THE NORTH-NORTHEAST. ..................................................................36 FIGURE 13. APE OVERVIEW DOWN SAVI RANCH PARKWAY ACROSS YORBA LINDA BOULEVARD. VIEW TO THE SOUTHWEST. .......................................................................................................................................................................36 FIGURE 14. APE OVERVIEW FROM SAVI RANCH PARKWAY AND NORTH WEIR CANYON ROAD. VIEW TO THE SOUTHEAST. ........................................................................................................................................................................37 FIGURE 15. APE OVERVIEW FROM WHERE CRYSTAL DRIVE BECOMES MIRAGE STREET (WEST OF COSTCO STORE). VIEW TO THE SOUTH-SOUTHEAST. ....................................................................................................................37

LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 1. DEPTH OF DISTURBANCE ANTICIPATED FOR PROPOSED PROJECT ELEMENTS........................................... 4 TABLE 2. PREVIOUS STUDIES WITHIN A ONE-MILE RADIUS OF THE APE. ..................................................................... 7 TABLE 3. PREVIOUSLY RECORDED CULTURAL RESOURCES WITHIN A ONE-MILE RADIUS OF THE APE. ................. 9 TABLE 4. ADDITIONAL SOURCES CONSULTED.................................................................................................................11 TABLE 5.LAND PATENTS...................................................................................................................................................11 TABLE 6. CULTURAL PATTERNS AND PHASES .................................................................................................................26 LIST OF EXHIBITS:

EXHIBIT A. NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION
EXHIBIT B. HISTORICAL SOCIETY CONSULTATION
EXHIBIT C. GEOLOGIC AND SOIL DISCUSSIONS
EXHIBIT D. LITERATURE REVIEW (DPR 523 FORMS)

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) iii

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
The City of Yorba Linda (City), in cooperation with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), proposes to construct the Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project (Project; Federal Project: STPCML-5402(034)). The Project proposes roadway and multi-use trail improvements within and surrounding Savi Ranch. Savi Ranch, located within the southeastern portion of the City, is a primary job center and consists of retail, commercial, industrial, and office uses. The Project includes roadway improvements along Savi Ranch Parkway, Yorba Linda Boulevard, and Mirage Street in addition to a multi-use pedestrian and bicycle trail along Savi Ranch Parkway, Mirage Street, and Old Canal Road. of potential effects (APE) includes the area of direct impact which encompasses construction limits and all proposed work areas.

This Project is a federal undertaking and requires conformance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as implemented through 36 Code of Federal Regulations 800. Section 106 is being completed in accordance with Caltrans regulations, subject to regulatory requirements of the December 2024 Programmatic Agreement Among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, the United States Army Corps of Engine Francisco District, and Los Angeles District, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act as it Pertains to the Administration of the Federal-Aid Highway Program in California (Section 106 PA) (Caltrans 2024). Caltrans is the federal lead agency for the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)/National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA/Section 106) compliance.

A geotechnical analysis, records search, literature review, Native American consultation, and a field survey were conducted. The geoarchaeological analysis indicated that two soils within the APE have a low to high potential for buried sites. (1) Mocho sandy loam deposits (late Pleistocene to Holocene in age) overlain by axial channel deposits associated with the historic Santa Ana River area present within the majority of the APE; cultural resource P-30-001067 (CA-ORA-1067) is present within these sediments. (2) San Emigdio fine sandy loam (late Holocene age) overlay a small portion (0.05 acres) of the north side of the APE along Old Canal Road.

The records search at the South Central Coastal Information Center (SCCIC) identified 19 cultural resources within a one-mile radius of the Area of Potential Effects (APE), one of which, P-30-001067, is located within the APE.

An inquiry was made to the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) for review of the Sacred Lands File (SLF) to identify Native American tribal resources within the APE. The

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) iv
NAHC stated that the Project is negative for tribal cultural resources. Additionally, 28 individuals from 13 Native American groups were contacted for Section 106 consultation. Of these 13 groups, the following three requested consultation under Section 106: GabrielinoTongva Tribe, the Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation Belardes, and the Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation 84A.

Cogstone archaeologists Roxanne Mayoral and Sandy Duarte completed an intensive pedestrian survey of the entire Area of Potential Effects (APE) on May 6, 2025. The APE consists of a

6.56-acre hardscaped urban area with minimal areas of open soil. No archaeological resources were identified during the survey.

It is Caltrans' policy to avoid cultural resources whenever possible. If buried cultural materials are encountered during construction, it is Caltrans' policy that work stop in that area until a qualified archaeologist can evaluate the nature and significance of the find. An additional survey will be required if the Project changes tone include areas not previously surveyed.

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Archaeological Survey Report (ASR) Section 106
Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 1 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
The City of Yorba Linda (City), in cooperation with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), proposes to construct the Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project (Project; Federal Project: STPCML-5402(034)). The Project proposes roadway and multi-use trail improvements within and surrounding Savi Ranch. Savi Ranch, located within the southeastern portion of the City, is a primary job center and consists of retail, commercial, industrial, and office uses. The Project includes roadway improvements along Savi Ranch Parkway, Yorba Linda Boulevard, and Mirage Street in addition to a multi-use pedestrian and bicycle trail along Savi Ranch Parkway, Mirage Street, and Old Canal Road. As the region continues to grow in population and development, the proposed circulation improvements would improve mobility and provide additional opportunities for active transportation within the Project Area.

Cogstone archaeologists Roxanne Mayoral and Sandy Duarte completed an intensive pedestrian survey of the entire Area of Potential Effects (APE) on June 6, 2025. The APE consists of a

6.56-acre hardscaped urban area with minimal areas of open soil. The APE map is located in Attachment A, Figure 3 of the Historic Property Survey Report (HPSR).

1.1 Ms. Mayoral holds an M.A. in Forensic Anthropology from the University of California, Los Angeles and has 5 years experience in California archaeology. Ms. Duarte holds a B.A. in Anthropology from the University of California, Santa Barbara and has 20 years experience in California archaeology. The Study Vicinity Map, Study Location Map, and Survey Coverage Map are Figures 1, 2, and 7 in this report.

1.2 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
The Project site is situated in the southeastern portion of the City, along the border between the cities of Yorba Linda and Anaheim, in the County of Orange (Figure 1). The proposed roadway improvements would be located on Savi Ranch Parkway between Yorba Linda Boulevard and Mirage Street, on Mirage Street between Crystal Drive and Old Canyon Road, and on Yorba Linda Boulevard from Savi Ranch Parkway to 480 feet south of Savi Ranch Parkway . The proposed multi-use trail would extend along Savi Ranch Parkway to Mirage Street, to Old Canal Road, and terminate at the intersection of Old Canal Road and Eastpark Drive.

Specifically, the Project is located in Section 29 of Township 3 South, Range 8 West, on the U.S.

Geological Survey (USGS), Prado Dam and Black Star Canyon, California (CA) 7.5-minute quadrangles (Figure 2).

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 2 1.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
As described in further detail below, the Project would include a range of roadway and multi-use trail improvements along Savi Ranch Parkway, Yorba Linda Boulevard, Mirage Street, and Old Canal Road. The following describes in further detail the proposed roadway and trail improvements associated with the proposed Project.

1.3.1 ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS
Savi Ranch Parkway: The proposed Project would widen Savi Ranch Parkway to provide a third westbound left-turn lane at the Yorba Linda Boulevard intersection. The westbound free right-turn lane from Mirage Street would be reconfigured into a signalized right-turn lane, and the existing median at this location would be removed. The eastbound free right-turn lane at Mirage Street would be eliminated for pedestrian safety and increase vehicular mobility, and the existing eastbound left-turn lane would be lengthened from 300 feet to 430 feet in order to allow additional storage. Other roadway improvements would include median layout modifications and traffic signal modifications at the Yorba Linda Boulevard and Mirage Street intersections.

Yorba Linda Boulevard: The proposed Project would eliminate the eastbound free right-turn and adjacent raised median at Savi Ranch Parkway; this improvement is intended to address pedestrian safety and increase vehicular mobility. The Project would widen Yorba Linda Boulevard on the easterly side to provide two right-turn lanes while maintaining the existing through lanes. A length of 450 feet would be provided for rightturn storage. Additional improvements include a modification to the existing sidewalk connecting to an adjacent restaurant use (Taco Bell) and relocation of an existing Savi Ranch monument sign.

Mirage Street: The proposed Project would eliminate the existing southbound yield right-turn at Savi Ranch Parkway; this improvement is intended to address pedestrian safety and increase vehicular mobility. Additional improvements at this segment include a sidewalk on the westerly side of Mirage Street from Savi Ranch Parkway to the existing driveway for the PetSmart and Staples parking lot, and Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) access ramps and paths of travel.

1.3.2 MULTI-USE TRAIL
The Project would include a Class I off-street multi-use path on Savi Ranch Parkway and Mirage Street and a Class IV separated bikeway along Old Canal Road. The proposed bikeways would be 12 feet wide with an asphalt concrete surface.

1.3.3 RETAINING WALLS
The proposed Project would install four retaining walls. These retaining walls would require footings reaching a maximum of 40 feet below existing ground surface.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 3 A new retaining wall along the west side of Mirage Street would have a length of approximately 79 feet and a maximum height of approximately eight feet; An existing retaining wall along the north side of Savi Ranch Parkway would be replaced by a new retaining wall with a length of approximately 472 feet and a maximum height of approximately 12 feet
A new retaining wall along the south side of Savi Ranch Parkway would have a length of approximately 300 feet and a maximum height of approximately 10 feet; and A new retaining wall along the east side of Yorba Linda Boulevard would have a length of approximately 92 feet and a maximum height of approximately nine feet.

1.3.4 RIGHT-OF-WAY
(APNs) 352-112-03 (Staples), 352-112-04 (PetSmart), 352-113-01, 352-113-02 (Sprouts), and 352-117-01, -02, -03 (Taco Bell) would be affected. In total, the roadway improvements would require approximately 16,725 square feet in permanent right-of-way acquisition, and require approximately 31,916 square feet for temporary construction easements.

1.3.5 TRAFFIC SIGNAGE AND LIGHTING
The Project would require the removal and/or relocation of streetlights along existing roadways; all street lighting removals, relocations, and/or installation would be conducted by Southern California Edison per plans approved by the City. New illuminated traffic signs would be installed at the intersections of Yorba Linda Boulevard/Savi Ranch Parkway and Savi Ranch Parkway/Mirage Street.

1.3.6 LANDSCAPING AND IRRIGATION
Vegetation clearing and grubbing would be required for roadway and multi-use trail improvements. The Project would include new landscaping consisting of Natchez Crape Myrtle tree, a variety of shrubs including Little John dwarf, flower carpet white rose, Cleveland sage, and pine muhly, and Pacific mist manzanita groundcover. Irrigation would be provided by lateral sprinklers, tree drip water bubblers, a root water system for shrubs, and subsurface inline drip, all connected to existing water lines.

1.3.7 SITE DRAINAGE AND UTILITIES
The Project proposes to remove two existing catch basins, and install two new catch basins; one catch basin would be located at the corner of Mirage Street and Crystal Drive and would incorporate biofiltration, and the other catch basin would be located at the southwest corner of Savi Ranch Parkway and Mirage Street. Additionally, tree wells for new planted trees would include filters for biofiltration.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 4 Project implementation would require that existing utilities are removed, relocated, or adjusted to grade. Coordination with all utility providers would be required in order to prevent disruption of services and to protect in place existing lines to the extent feasible. Additionally, connections to existing water lines would be required for landscape irrigation.

1.3.8 GROUND DISTURBANCE
The majority of Project activities will be within surface to shallow depths (less than 5 feet). The maximum depth of excavation is 40 feet below grade for the retaining wall construction.

Anticipated ground disturbances are listed in Table 1.

Table 1. Depth of Disturbance Anticipated for Proposed Project Elements Activities Anticipated depth of disturbance
Roadway Improvements 1.5 feet to 2.0 feet
Multi-Use Trail 0 inches to 8 inches
Retaining Wall 10 feet to 40 feet
Right-of-Way None
Landscaping and Irrigation 1.0 feet to 4.0 feet
Site Drainage and Utilities Storm Drain up to 4 feet
SCE conduit up to 3.5 feet
SCE street light up to 4.5 feet

1.4 AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS
The APE includes all potential direct and indirect effects to historic properties that may result from the proposed undertaking (see Attachment A Figure 3 of the HPSR). The APE was established as 17.01 acres and includes all construction elements and parcel right-of-way (ROW) acquisitions related to; road improvements, multi-use trail, traffic signage and lighting, landscaping and irrigation, and site drainage and utilities. Permanent and temporary ROW acquisition is required within APNs 352-112-03 (Staples), 352-112-04 (PetSmart), 352-113-01, 352-113-02 (Sprouts), and 352-117-01, -02, -03 (Taco Bell). The APE includes one precontact archaeological resource P-30-001067 (CA-ORA-1067).

The vertical APE establishes all work from surface level to maximum proposed depths for all project related ground disturbing activities that have the potential to affect historic properties.

The depth of ground disturbance is anticipated to be a maximum of 40 feet (12.19 meters) for the retaining wall footings.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 5 Figure 1. Project vicinity map

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 6 Figure 2. Project location map

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 7 CHAPTER 2. SOURCES CONSULTED

2.1 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM
A record search was conducted of the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS) at the South Central Coastal Information Center (SCCIC) located at California State University, Fullerton on May 20, 2025, which included the entire proposed APE as well as a one-mile radius. Results of the record search indicate that two previous studies hav e been completed within the APE while an additional thirty-two studies have been completed previously within a one-mile radius of the APE (Table 2).

Table 2. Previous Studies within a one-mile radius of the APE.

Report
No.
(OR-)
Author(s) Title Year
Distance
(miles)
from APE
00270 Leonard, Nelson
N. III and Mathew
C. Hall
Description and Evaluation of Cultural Resources within the US Army Corps of Engineers' Santa Ana River Project 1975 0.25-1
00384 Van Horn, David
M.

The Bauer Ranch Project: Archaeological Report 1977 0.5-1 00422 Desautels, Roger J.
and Nadine L.

Zelenka
Archaeological Report on Final Archaeological Salvage
Activities on Site ORA-615 Located in the City of Yorba Linda in the Canon De Santa Ana Area of the County of
Orange, California
1979

0.5 00426 Mabry, Theo N. Archaeological Records Search and Reconnaissance Weir Ranch Shopping Center Orange County
1979 0.25-0.5
00598 Anonymous Archaeological/historical Report on Test Excavations on Sites ORA-817, ORA-818, ORA-819, ORA-820 and
Historical Resources Located on the Santa Ana Valley
Irrigation Company (SAVI) Property in the Horseshoe
Bend Area of the County of Orange
1980 Within- 0.25
00605 Unknown Archaeological/historical/paleontological Survey Report and Assessment on Shorb Rivas, TT 10144 Located in the
Yorba Linda Area of the County of Orange
1980 0.25-1
00622 Douglas, R., J.

Cooper, D.

Burkenroad, E.

Gardner, and T.

Mabry
Archaeological, Historical/ethnohistorical, and
Paleontological Assessment, Weir Canyon Park-road
Study, Orange County, California
1981 0.25-1
00642 Cultural Resources
Division
An Archaeological Assessment and Historical Review of
the Shorb Wells Property, Orange County, California
1982 0-0.25
00679 Macko, Michael
E., Weil, Edward
B, Weisbord, Jill,
and Cooper, John
Final Report Mira Loma-Serrano 500 kV Dc and Serrano- Villa Park 220 kV Transmission Line Project Cultural Resource Survey and Test Excavations at CA-ORA-614,
CA-SBr-3690, and CA-SBr-4032
1983 0-0.25
00752 Mason, Roger D. Eastern Corridor Alignment Study, Orange County, California; Volume II: Prehistory and History
1984 0-1
00801 Langenwalter, Paul
E. and James
Brock
Phase II Archaeological Studies Prado Basin and the
Lower Santa Ana River
1985 0.25

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 8 Report
No.
(OR-)
Author(s) Title Year
Distance
(miles)
from APE
01030 Bissell, Ronald M. Surface Collection of Three Food Processing Sites Located Near Weir Canyon Orange County, California
1990 0.5-1
01066 Desautels, Roger J.
and Nancy A.

Whitney
Scientific Resources Report on the Archaeological and
Paleontological Assessment of the Bryant Ranch Property Located in the Northwest Portion of the County of Orange 1977 0-0.25
01514 Allen, Kathleen C. Archaeological Assessment of L.A. Cellular Site #742.1, Yorba Regional Park, Orange County, California
1996 0.25-1
01590 Anonymous Draft Environmental Impact Report Bauer Ranch General Plan of Development
1978 0-1
01592 Becker, Kenneth
M.

Evaluation of the Cultural Resources of the Bee Canyon
Retarding Basin, Orange County, California
1997 0.5-1
01729 Martz, Patricia Archaeology of the Proposed Alignment of the Santa Ana Regional Interceptor, Riverside, San Bernardino, and
Orange Counties, California
1975 Within-
.025
02252 Robbins, Susan Michelson Water Reclamation Plant Riparian Way and Duck Club Road Improvements
2000 0-0.25
02252 Anonymous Cultural Resources Investigation for the Michelson Water Reclamation Plant Riparian Way and Duck Club Road
Improvements
2000 0-0.25
02257 Laska, Robin, E. Cultural Resource Assessment of the Proposed Relocation and/or Protection of the Santa and River Interceptor,
Orange and San Bernadino Counties, California
2001 0.25
02383 Chasteen, Carrie Supplemental Historic Property Survey Report: Propose Capacity, operational, and safety improvements along
State Route 91 and Interstate 15
2013 0-0.25
02383 Chasteen, Carrie Supplemental Finding of No Adverse Effect Report for SR-91 Corridor Improvement Project, City of Corona,
Riverside County, California, California Department of
Transportation District 8
2013 0-0.25
02383 Bupp, Susan L. Supplemental Archaeological Survey Report for SR-91 Corridor Improvement Project, City of Corona, Riverside County, California, California Department of
Transportation District 8
2013 0-0.25
02526 Duke, Curt Cultural Resource Assessment AT&T Wireless Service Facility No. 13095c, Orange County, California
2002 0.25-1
02713 McKenna, Jeanette
A. and Ferguson,
R. Charles
Cultural Resources Investigation for the Festival Ridge Estates Property in the City of Anaheim, Orange County, California
2002 0.5-1
02855 Kyle, Carolyn E. Cultural Resource Assessment for Cingular Wireless Facility Sc040-03 City of Anaheim, California
2002 0-0.25
03029 Drover,
Christopher E.

Environmental Impact Evaluation: an Archaeological
Assessment of the Oak Hills Ranch and Wallace Ranch
General Plan Amendments
1983 0.5-1
03037 Chasteen, Carrie Supplemental Historic Property Survey Report: Propose capacity, operational, and safety improvements along State Route 91 and Interstate 15
2013 0-0.25
03110 White, Robert S.,
Laurie S. White,
and John A. Minch
Archaeological and Paleontological Assessments of the 75 +/- Acre Festival Ridge Project Situated in the Anaheim Hills, City of Anaheim, County of Orange
2000 0.5-1
03292 Shepard, Richard
S.

Installation of an Aesthetic Berm/Wall Along the Southern Road of the Esperanza Road Easement in the City of
Yorba Linda
2002 0.5-1

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 9 Report
No.
(OR-)
Author(s) Title Year
Distance
(miles)
from APE
03302 Shepard, Richard
S.

Historic Property Survey Report for the BNSF Soundwall
Project Between Imperial Highway (State Route 90) and
Yorba Linda Boulevard/Weir Canyon Road, City of
Anaheim, Orange County, California
2002 0.25-0.5
03768 Sinopoli, Cheryl Historical Resources Compliance Report -State Route 91 Widening Project Between SR-55 and SR-241, Orange
County, California
2008 0.25
04092 Fulton, Raina,
Hayley Lovan,
John J. Killeen, D.

Stephen Dibble,
Mark Chatman,
Roland A. Tabije,
Kyle Dahl, Jodi
Clifford, Nedenia
Kennedy, Priscilla
Perry, Lance M.

Natsuhara, Hardat
Khublall, Zully
Smith, Richard E.

Haller, and Jeff
Beehler
Santa Ana River Interceptor Line (SARI)
Protection/Relocation, Orange and Riverside Counties,
California. FINAL Supplemental Environmental Impact
Statement/Environmental Impact Report
2009 0.25
04216 Wordekemper,
Dallan
Anaheim Canyon Station, 8161 E. Kaiser Boulevard,
Anaheim, CA
2012 0.25-0.5
One archaeological resource has been recorded within the APE (Table 3). A total of 18 cultural resources have been previously documented within a one-mile search radius from the APE (Table 3).

Table 3. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources within a one-mile radius of the APE.

Primary
No. (P30)
Trinomial
No. (CAORA) Resource Type Resource
Description
Year
Recorded
Distance
From APE

NRHP/CRHR
Status
000614 000614 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site Light lithic scatter 1975 0.25-0.5 Not evaluated 000615 000615 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site
Large lithic
scatter 1975 0.5-1.0 Not evaluated
000817 000817 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site
Lithic scatter in
orchard 1979 0-0.25 Not evaluated
000818 000818 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site
Light lithics
scatter in orchard 1979 Adjacent 0.25 Not evaluated
000819 000819 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site Lithic scatter 1979 0-0.25 Not evaluated 000820 000820 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site Light lithic scatter 1979 0.25-0.5 Not evaluated 001067 001067 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site
19 lithics
including
handstones,
millingstones, and
hammerstones
1984 Within Not evaluated

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 10 Primary
No. (P30)
Trinomial
No. (CAORA) Resource Type Resource
Description
Year
Recorded
Distance
From APE

NRHP/CRHR
Status
001244 001244 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site Lithic scatter 1990 0.5-1.0 Not evaluated 001245 001245 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site Lithic scatter 1990 0.5-1.0 Not evaluated 100116 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site
Handstone
fragment 1980 0.5-1.0 Not evaluated
100117 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site
Handstone
fragment 1980 0.5-1.0 Not evaluated
100118 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site
Handstone
fragment 1980 0.25-0.5 Not evaluated
100119 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site
Handstone
fragment 1980 0.25-0.5 Not evaluated
100120 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site
Handstone
fragment 1980 0.25-0.5 Not evaluated
120007 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site Lithic scatter 1980, 1994 1.0 mile Not evaluated 120008 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site Lithic scatter 1980, 1994 0.5-1.0 Not evaluated 120009 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site Lithic scatter 1980, 1994 0.5-1.0 Not evaluated 120010 Prehistoric
Archaeological Site Lithic scatter 1980, 1994 0.25-0.5 Not evaluated 176590 Historic
archaeological site
Double track
railroad alignment
1999, 2000,
2001 0.5-1.0 6

2.1.1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE WITHIN THE APE
P-30-001067 (CA-ORA-001067)
Originally recorded by Roger Mason at Scientific Resource Surveys, Inc. in 1984 as a subsurface prehistoric lithic site. The site is located on the south central portion of the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company property (SAVI) in the Horseshoe bend area. No surface artifacts were noted. The subsurface artifacts were identified during backhoe testing, and were hand excavated to a maximum depth of 0.85 meters (2.79 feet). Nineteen artifacts were excavated and included hammerstones, millingstones, handstones, and choppers. An updated California Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) 523 series form may be needed at the conclusion of this Project, following any potential ground disturbance.

2.1.2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT TO THE APE P-30-000818 (CA-ORA-000818)
Originally recorded by Douglas Nelson at Archaeological Planning Collaborative in 1979 as a sparse prehistoric lithic scatter. The site is located at Weir Canyon, on the bluff overlooking the Santa Ana River, north of the 91 Freeway and east of the water company. A sparse lithic scatter in the orchard was noted. Surface artifacts included a mano, a mano fragment, metate, and basalt flakes.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 11 2.2 OTHER SOURCES
In addition to the SCCIC records search, a variety of sources were consulted in May 2025 to obtain information regarding the cultural context of the Project vicinity (Table 4). Sources included the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR), Built Environment Resource Directory (BERD), California Historical Landmarks (CHL), and California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI). Specific information about the APE, obtained from historic-era maps and aerial photographs, is presented in the APE History section (Table 4).

Table 4. Additional sources consulted
Source Results
National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) Negative
Historic USGS Topographic Maps See APE History section
Historic US Department of Agriculture Aerial
Photographs
See APE History section
California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) Negative Built Environment Resource Directory (BERD) Negative
California Historical Landmarks (CHL) Negative
California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI) Negative Caltrans Historic Bridge Inventory (2024) Positive; , has the Caltrans Historic Significance code
(Appendix A). The bridge was
built in 1984 and is not historic in age. This bridge is located at the intersection of Yorba Linda Blvd. and
Old Canyon Road.

Bureau of Land Management (BLM) General Land
Office (GLO) Records
Positive; See Table 5
Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps Negative; no maps of the APE were found.

Table 5. Land patents
Name(s) Year Accession Number Type T; R; Section
Juan Pablo Peralta
Antonio Yorba
Bernardo Yorba
Heirs of Bernardo Yorba
1883 CACAAA 0845871 Grant-Spanish/Mexican T3S, R8W, S29 Bernardo Yorba 1866 CACAAA 084695 Grant-Spanish/Mexican T3S, R8W, S29 For more information regarding the Yorba family see the City of Yorba Linda Background History section. 1
CACAAA is a prefix used by the BLM for its serial patent files. CACA prefix identifies a transaction processed through the California land office. The AA suffix indicates that the patent was processed in or after July 1908 when the GLO switched to a serial numbering system for patents.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 12 2.3 NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION
A Sacred Lands File (SLF) search was requested from the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) on April 24, 2025. The NAHC responded on May 5, 2025, that the SLF search was completed with negative results within the APE. The NAHC provided contact information for 28 Native tribal organizations and individuals that may have more information about the APE.

All individuals and groups on the NAHC list were mailed Section 106 letters on behalf of Caltrans. All letters requested input from the tribes regarding the cultural significance of the area.

Attempts to contact the tribes via email and telephone were also made.

Cahuilla
BobbyRay Esparza, Cultural Director, Cahuilla Band of Indians Anthony Madrigal, Tribal Historic Preservation Officer, Cahuilla Band of Indians Erica Schenk, Chairperson, Cahuilla Band of Indians
Steven Estrada, Tribal Chairman, Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians Vanessa Minott, Tribal Administrator, Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians Gabrieleno
Christina Swindall Martinez, Secretary, Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians - Kizh Nation
Anthony Morales, Chairperson, Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians Robert Dorame, Chairperson, Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council Christina Conley, Cultural Resource Administrator, Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council
Sandonne Goad, Chairperson, Gabrielino/Tongva Nation
Charles Alvarez, Chairperson, Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe
Sam Dunlap, Cultural Resource Director, Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe Juaneño
Joyce Perry, Cultural Resource Director, Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation - Belardes
Heidi Lucero, THPO/MLD, Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation 84A Nathan Banda, Chairman, Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation 84A Shannon Wingfield, Secretary, Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation 84A

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 13 Cupeno/Luiseno
Christopher Nejo, Legal Analyst/Researcher, Pala Band of Mission Indians Alexis Wallick, Assistant THPO, Pala Band of Mission Indians Shasta Gaughen, Tribal Historic Preservation Officer, Pala Band of Mission Indians Luiseno
Tuba Ebru Ozdil, Pechanga Cultural Analyst, Pechanga Band of Indians Steve Bodmer, General Counsel for Pechanga Band of Indians, Pechanga Band of Indians Cheryl Madrigal, Cultural Resources Manager/Tribal Historic Preservation Officer, Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians
Laurie Gonzalez, Tribal Council/Culture Committee Member, Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians
Joseph Linton, Tribal Council/Culture Committee Member, Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians
Denise Turner Walsh, Attorney General, Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians Consultation letters to meet the requirements of Section 106 were sent via United State Postal Service certified mail to the 28 contacts on June 9, 2025, requesting information related to cultural resources or heritage sites within the APE. Additional attempts at contact were made by electronic mail on June 27, 2025, and telephone on July 17, 2025. To date, eight responses, including five requests for consultation and three tribes deferring the project to the local tribes have been received and are summarized below. All consultation correspondence and a contact log are provided in Exhibit A.

Cahuilla
Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians (Steven Estrada, Tribal Chairman): Representative Jonie Miranda, on behalf of the tribe, stated the tribe respectfully defers any comments to local Tribes. No further consultation is required as of 7/17/2025.

Gabrieleno
Gabrielino Band of Mission Indians- Kizh Nation (Chairmen Andrew Salas): On July 17, 2025, after the (email) follow up, Tribal Administrator Brandy Salas sent email to Caltrans Section 106 Project Archaeologist, Judy Bernal, requesting more project information and stated the tribe would like to consult. JB replied and requested a meeting to consult, however due to the Chairperson's current health, no available times are anticipated for August 2025. JB requested date for new meeting date and time and sent the current project information; however, the tribe has not replied for further comment or meeting as of the conclusion of this study.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 14 Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe (Sam Dunlap, Cultural Resource Director; Charles Alvarez, Chairperson): On July 17, 2025, after the (email) follow up the Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe requested a government-to-government consultation with the lead agency (Caltrans).

Consultation is ongoing as of the conclusion of this study.

Juaneño
Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation Belardes (Joyce Perry, Cultural Resource Director): On July 22, 2025, after the email follow up, the Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation Belardes requested a government-to-government consultation with the lead agency (Caltrans) and requested the site records for the 10 precontact cultural resources within one half mile of the project area, as well as any proposed mitigation measures.
iminary recommendation is that
mitigation measures, including native monitoring by representatives of the Tribe, and an inadvertent discovery plan be put in place to minimize the potential impacts on buried cultural resources. On June 23, 2025, Caltrans Section 106 Project Archaeologist Judy Bernal (JB), spoke with JP regarding a separate project (Local Assistance Nutwood Pedestrian/Titan Gateway Bridge Project) where she requested and received further comment from JP regarding Savi Ranch Project. JP (the tribe) confirmed the mitigation measures above as their recommendations. JB sent the additional items requested via FILR link for further review. Tribal consultation remains on going at the conclusion of these cultural studies.

The Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation 84A (Nathan Banda, Chairman; Heidi Lucero, THPO/MLD; Shannon Wingfield, Secretary): On July 17, 2025, after the (email) follow up, the Juaneño Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation requested a government-to-government consultation with the lead agency (Caltrans).

Caltrans Section 106 Project Archaeologist, Judy Bernal, was forwarded the request from not reach the Chairman as their voice mailbox was full. Consultation remains ongoing at the conclusion of these studies.

Luiseno
Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians (Cheryl Madrigal, Cultural Resources Manager/Tribal Historic Preservation Officer; Laurie Gonzalez, Tribal Council/Culture Committee Member; Joseph Linton, Tribal Council/Culture Committee Member): On July 22, 2025, after the (email) follow up , the Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians indicated that they would respond to the lead agency (Caltrans) and that and the Band has received the notification for the above referenced project. The location identified within project

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 15 followed up later adding that, at this time, we have no additional information to provide.

We recommend that you directly contact a Tribe that is closer to the project an d may have pertinent information. Consultation is no longer required with Rincon as of the date of the email (July 2025).

Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians (Joseph Ontiveros, Tribal Historic Preservation Officer; Jessica Valdez, Cultural Resource Specialist): On July 17, 2025, the Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians indicated concern with the project due to its close proximity to the Santa Ana River. The Tribe requested notice before construction undertaking. Consultation remains ongoing at the conclusion of these studies.

Cupeno/Luiseno
Pala Band of Mission Indians (Patricia Sanchez, THPO/Christopher Nejo, Legal Analyst): On June 16, 2025, THPO Patricia Sanchez responded via email and stated the following: (1) the project location is outside the ancestral tribal lands and Traditional Use Area (TUA) and (2) the tribe defers to the local tribes in the area and (3) the tribe h as no objections with the proposed project. Caltrans Section 106 Project Archaeologist reached out via email on 6/16/25 to thank the tribe for their input. No further actions are required for tribal consultation with Pala Band of Mission Indians.

2.4 HISTORICAL SOCIETY CONSULTATIONS
On May 22, 2025 and June 16, 2025. Two requests for information were sent to the Yorba Linda Historical Society. No contact email for this historical society could be located. June 18, 20 25, . No response has been received to date. Consultation correspondence is provided in Appendix D.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 16 CHAPTER 3. BACKGROUND

3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

3.1.1 CLIMATE, FLORA/ FAUNA, AND LAND USE
The climate near the APE is characterized by a Mediterranean climate consisting of hot, dry (arid) summers and cool, wet winters. Over the course of the year, the temperature within the APE generally ranges from 44°F to 88°F and is rarely below 36°F or above 97°F. Average annual rainfall is approximately 15.46 inches, with the rainy season generally from November through March (USCD 2025; WeatherSpark 2025).

While the majority of the APE consists of non-native decorative trees and vegetation, native species are still present, primarily along less developed parcels outside the current limits of the APE. Native flora within or near the APE includes species such as California scrub oak (Quercus berberidifolia), Toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia), California Sagebrush (Artemisia californica), California poppy (Eschscholzia californica), Big berry manzanita (Arctostaphylos glauca) Chaparral mallow (Malacothamnus fasciculatus), California/Pacific blackberry (Rubus ursinus) and California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum; OCH 2025).

Native fauna within or near the APE includes species such as Western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis), Bobcat (Lynx rufus), Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), Mule deer, (Odocoileus hemionus), Mountain lion (Puma concolor), California newt (Taricha torosa), Pacific tree frog (Pseudacris regilla), and American kestrel (Falco sparverius; iNaturalist 2025, OCO 2025).

Historic aerial photographs dating to as early as 1938 show the Project footprint was previously developed as a citrus orchard, bounded by the natural floodplains of the Santa Ana River (north) and undeveloped lands (east, west, south). Urbanization development began in the late 1980s and included channelization of the Santa Ana river restricting seasonal flooding to accommodate future city growth (NETROnline 1938, 1985, 1988).

Current land use in the Project vicinity is urban in character with dense commercial use development. The entire APE has been extensively developed and hardscaped.

3.2 GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

3.2.1 GEOLOGICAL SETTING
The Project is located within the Peninsular Range Geomorphic Province, which extends from Mount San Jacinto in the north to Baja, California in the south and includes the Inland Empire, Los Angeles, Orange County, and San Diego areas of California. The Peninsular Ranges

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 17 Geomorphic Province is located in the southwestern corner of California and is bounded by the Transverse Ranges Geomorphic Province to the north and the Colorado Desert Geomorphic Province to the east. This geomorphic province is characterized by elongated northwest-trending mountain ridges separated by sediment-floored valleys. Many faults to the west of the Salton Trough section of the San Andreas Fault Zone parallel this northwest-southeast trending fault zone and have taken up some of the strain of the San Andreas. The San Jacinto Fault Zone at the base of the San Timoteo Badlands to the east of the Project is one such fault zone.

To the north of the Project, the San Andreas Fault Zone travels up Cajon Pass where it forms the boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate. The Transverse Ranges include the San Bernardino and San Gabriel mountains along with the paralleling ranges and Andreas. The region is composed of numerous fault-bounded blocks which can move semiindependently (Wagner 2002). Geologic and Historic Climate change maps are represented in Figures 3 and 4.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 18 Figure 3. Geology of the APE

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 19 Figure 4. Miocene paleoenvironment of Yorba Linda

3.2.2 STRATIGRAPHY
The underlaying stratigraphy of the APE consists of various geologic units that date from the late Miocene to young Holocene in age. Older units consisting of the Puente Formation - Sycamore Canyon Member (late Miocene to early Pliocene) and Yorba Member (late Miocene) are present at greater depths within older alluvial fan deposits. Primarily, the vertical APE lies within stratigraphic units belonging to late Pleistocene alluvium and younger Holocene axial and alluvium deposits. Due to the proximity of the Santa Ana River, Pleistocene to Holocene wash deposits likely interfingers with the late Pleistocene to Holocene young axial channel deposits and the alluvial fan deposits. Additionally, because the Santa Ana River lies immediately north Basemap
Copyright
2010 by Ron
Blakey;
used by
permission
The location of Yorba Linda
during the Miocene.

City of Yorba Linda

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 20 of the APE, large flash floods including the historic floods of 1862 and 1938 washed over the area. Geologic units and information are detailed in Appendix D of this ASR. The geotechnical analysis in the following section, relates the potential of encountering cultural deposits in younger Holocene age axial and alluvial deposits.

3.2.3 GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL METHODS
Soils were determined using the University of California Davis National Resources Conservation Service California Soils Resource Lab (UCD SoilWeb, accessed May 2025; Figure 5) soils maps along with the United States Department of Agriculture National Resources Conservation Service (USDA-NRCS, accessed May 2025) soils descriptions.

Subsurface site preservation depends on many factors. Soils and locations were analyzed for grain sizes, slope, and environmental indicators that contribute to the preservation of sites.

Primarily sites accumulate where people have the highest probability of living; on lower slope gradients near water sources but in areas that are unlikely to experience regular flooding. of alluvial fans, floodplains, and drainages are classified as having a medium potential.

Additionally, lower slope gradients decreases erosion and increases deposition assisting in site burial. Both pebble and coarser grain sizes as well as clay rich soils preserve artifacts poorly. The age of a soil also determines the likelihood of buried archaeological sites and must be assessed as the older soils are less likely to contain sites unless items were intentionally buried in them. Soils likely too old for site preservation have duripans (hardpans), and argillic (clay rich) horizons; while younger soils with a higher potential for preservation are indicated by the lack of a B horizon or the presence of a cambic horizon. Both Holocene alluvial and aeolian units have a higher potential for artifacts as the soils were co-deposited with the local cultural groups Classifications for buried site potential in soils are as follows2 Very low: Soils are underlain by deposits that predate human occupation of the region.

Soils that include B horizons, especially if they are argillic or silicic (duripan) horizons are also classified as very low. Additionally exposed bedrock, borrow pits, heavily eroded or gullied land, or water bodies have a very low potential. Areas of high erosion, water, borrow pits, rock outcrops, or sediments mapped as Pleistocene or older are classified as having a very low potential.

Low: Soils are underlain by deposits that predate human occupation of the region, high - energy deposits unlikely to contain cultural materials in a primary context, are residual soils (soils weathered in place above bedrock), or include B horizons. Low-potential areas include Inceptisols. These are formed in residual soils weathered directly from bedrock and, thus, have a low potential for buried sites. Areas where soils are weathered from bedrock, dissected alluvial fans, and locations where soils are forming on mountains 2 The UCD SoilWeb maps are source data for this geoarchaeological analysis.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 21 are classified as having a low potential.

Medium: Soils are underlain by deposits that are most likely terminal Pleistocene or Holocene in age, possibly have intact buried surfaces, or have sediments that are likely to have been deposited in a low-energy environment. Alluvial fans, fan aprons, valley fills, dissected remnants
High: Soils are underlain by deposits that are most likely terminal Pleistocene or Holocene in age, or sediments represent low-energy deposits, or have a high potential to contain buried intact geomorphic surfaces that could have been used by humans in the past. Alluvial stream terraces and floodplains, terrace escarpments, alluvial fans (fan skirts, fan aprons, and inset fans), and areas with aeolian deposits are classified as having a high potential.

3.2.4 GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL RESULTS
The APE is mapped as the Sycamore Canyon Member of the late Miocene to early Pliocene Puente Formation, early to middle Pleistocene very old alluvial fan deposits, late Pleistocene to Holocene young axial channel deposits, and late Holocene very young alluvial fan deposits. The Project is adjacent to the Santa River and there is a high likelihood of ancient channel migration and flash flooding over the APE from the river.

Incorporating the results of the record search, two soils have medium potential for buried sites.

The Mocho sandy loam overlying the late Pleistocene to Holocene young axial channel deposits and the San Emigdio fine sandy loam overlying the late Holocene very young alluvial fan deposits (Appendix D, Table D-1). All other soils are classified as low or very low potential as they overlie geologic units that predate human occupation of the region, the soils overlie axial channel deposits of the Santa Ana River, or the soils contain high concentrations of cobbles.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Savi Ranch Project STPCML 5402 (034) 22 Figure 5. Soils map of the APE

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23 3.3 ETHNOGRAPHY

3.3.1 GABRIELENO3
A review of ethnographic literature identifies the Project APE as being within the traditional territory of the Gabrieleno (Figure 6).

Gabrieleno Traditional Territory generally included large portions of Los Angeles County, the northern part of Orange County, small sections of Riverside and San Bernardino counties as well as the four southern Channel Islands of Pimu (Santa Catalina), Santa Barbara, Kiinkepar (San Clemente), and Haraasgna (San Nicolas). Their territory encompassed a number of ecological zones which affected their subsistence and settlement patterns. The Gabrieleno would supplement the resources gathered near them with resources from other ecological zones by obtaining them either directly or through trade (Bean and Smith 1978). Various scholars have divided these ecological zones differently. McCawley divides southern California into the Interior Mountains and Foothills, Valleys and Prairies, Exposed Coast, Sheltered Coast, and the Southern Channel Islands zones (McCawley 1996).
3 The name Gabrieleno was given by the Spanish to the Indians that lived within the boundaries of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel. Today, several bands of tribal communities identify as Gabrieleno including the Gabrieleño, Gabrielino-Tongva, Tongva, and Kizh Nation. For the purpose of this report, the term Gabrieleno refers to all these local native communities and shall be used going forward

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24 Figure 6. Tribal boundaries map (Heizer 1978:ix)
Origins
Much of the southern California archaeological literature argues that the Gabrieleno moved into Hokan-speaking Chumash, located to the north, and the Yuman-speaking Kumeyaay, located to the south (see Sutton 2009 for the latest discussion). This Shoshonean Wedge, or Shoshonean e
origins. Oral tradition states that the Gabrieleno have always lived in their traditional territory, with their emergence into this world occurring at Puvungna, located in the current south-central area in the present-day city of Long Beach, California, north of Orange County (Martinez and Teeter 2015:26).

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25 Language
The Gabrieleno language is classified as part of the Uto-Aztecan language family, under the Takic branch. It is now generally accepted that the Gabrieleno language is a stand-alone Takic language, distinct from the Cupan sub-group (Mithun 1999:539). Several Gabrieleno words lists, descriptions of lifeways, and songs have been collected by ethnographers from various Gabrieleno community members over the years: Hale (1846), Loew (1876), Reid (1852[1968]), Merriam (1907), and Harrington (1917-1930s).

Settlement Patterns
Gabrieleno life centered on the village; composed of paternally related extended families, lineages, and/or clans, typically numbering 50-100 people. Houses, called kiiy in Gabrieleno, were domed and circular with frames made from willow posts (or whale rib bones on the islands and along the coastline) covered with tule reed mats. Coastal kiiys had entryways that opened towards the sea with mats covering them. A large kiiy could hold up to three or four families and was perhaps 60 feet in diameter. Smaller homes were as little as 12 feet in diameter. Wind screens were usually adjacent to the kiiy and were used as open-air kitchens during fair weather.

Large acorn granary baskets, sometimes coated with asphaltum and seated upon posted platforms, were also placed near the kiiys.

In addition to the habitation structures described above, other village structures included sweathouses, which were small semi-circular, semi-subterranean earth-covered buildings located near water to provide access for bathing, menstrual huts, and ceremonial open-aired enclosures,

3.4 PREHISTORIC SETTING
Approaches to prehistoric frameworks have changed over the past half century from being based on material attributes to radiocarbon chronologies to association with cultural traditions.

Archaeologists defined a material complex consisting of an abundance of milling stones (for grinding food items) with few projectile points or vertebrate faunal remains dating from about 7 cultural tradition named the Encinitas Tradition
(Warren 1968) with various regional expressions including Topanga and La Jolla. Use by archaeologists varied as some adopted a generalized Encinitas Tradition without regional variations, some continued to
time period) to indicate this observed pattern (Sutton and Gardner 2010).

Recently, it was recognized that generalized terminology is suppressing the identification of cultural, spatial, and temporal variation and the movement of peoples throughout space and time.

These factors are critical to understanding adaptation and change (Sutton and Gardner 2010).

The Encinitas Tradition characteristics are abundant metates and manos, crudely made core and

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26 flake tools, bone tools, shell ornaments, very few projectile points with subsistence focusing on collecting (plants, shellfish, etc.; Sutton and Gardner 2010). Faunal remains vary by location but include shellfish, land animals, marine mammals, and fish.

The Encinitas Tradition is currently redefined as comprising four geographical patterns (Sutton and Gardner 2010). These are (1) Topanga in coastal Los Angeles and Orange counties, (2) La Jolla in coastal San Diego County, (3) Greven Knoll in inland San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles counties, and (4) Pauma in inland San Diego County.

About 3,500 years before present the Encinitas Tradition was replaced in the greater Los Angeles Basin by the Del Rey Tradition (Sutton 2010). This tradition has been generally assigned to the Intermediate and Late Prehistoric periods. The changes that initiated the beginning of the Intermediate Period include new settlement patterns, economic foci, and artifact types that coincided with the arrival of a biologically distinctive population. The Intermediate and Late Prehistoric periods have not been well-defined. Many archaeologists have proposed, however, that the beginning of the Intermediate marked the arrival of Takic-speaking groups (from the Mojave Desert, southern Sierra Nevada, and San Joaquin Valley) and that the Late Prehistoric Period reflected Shoshonean groups (from the Great Basin). Related cultural and biological changes occurred on the southern Channel Islands about 300 years later.

As defined by Sutton (2010), the Del Rey Tradition replaces usage of the Intermediate and Late Prehistoric designations for both the southern California mainland and the southern Channel Islands. Within the Del Rey Tradition are two regional patterns named Angeles and Island. The Del Rey Tradition represents the arrival, divergence, and development of the Gabrieleno.

3.4.1 PREHISTORIC CHRONOLOGY
The latest cultural revisions for the APE define traits for time phases of the Topanga pattern of the Encinitas Tradition applicable to coastal Los Angeles and Orange counties (Sutton and Gardner 2010; Table 6). This pattern is replaced in the APE by the Angeles pattern of the Del Rey Tradition later in time (Sutton 2010).

Table 6. Cultural patterns and phases
Phase Dates
BP
Material Culture Other Traits
Topanga I 8,500
to
5,000
Abundant manos and metates, many
core tools and scrapers, few but large
points, charmstones, cogged stones,
early discoidals, faunal remains rare
Shellfish and hunting important, secondary
burials under metate cairns (some with
long bones only), some extended
inhumations, no cremations

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27 Phase Dates
BP
Material Culture Other Traits
Topanga
II
5,000
to
3,500
Abundant but decreasing manos and
metates, adoption of mortars and
pestles, smaller points, cogged stones,
late discoidals, fewer scraper planes
and core tools, some stone balls and
charmstones
Shellfish important, addition of acorns,
reburial of long bones only, addition of
flexed inhumations (some beneath metate
cairns), cremations rare
Topanga
III
3,500
to
1,000
Abundant but decreasing manos and
metates, increasing use of mortars and
pestles, wider variety of small
projectile points, stone-lined ovens
Hunting and gathering important, flexed
inhumations (some under rock cairns),
cremations rare, possible subsistence focus
on yucca/agave
Angeles
IV
1,000
to 800
Cottonwood arrow points for arrows
appear, Olivella cupped beads and
Mytilus shell disks appear, some
imported pottery appears, possible
appearance of ceramic pipes
Changes in settlement pattern to fewer but
larger permanent villages, flexed primary
inhumations, cremations uncommon
Angeles
V
800 to
450
Artifact abundance and size increases,
steatite trade from islands increases,
larger and more elaborate effigies
Development of mainland dialect of
Gabrieleno, settlement in open grasslands,
exploitation of marine resources declined
and use of small seeds increased, flexed
primary inhumations, cremations
uncommon
Angeles
VI
450 to
150
Addition of locally made pottery,
metal needle-drilled Olivella beads,
addition of Euro-American material
culture (glass beads and metal tools)
Use of domesticated animals, flexed
primary inhumations continue, some
cremations
Topanga Pattern groups were relatively small and highly mobile. Sites known are temporary campsites, not villages and tend to be along the coast in wetlands, bays, coastal plains, nearcoastal valleys, marine terraces, and mountains. The Topanga toolkit is dominated by manos and metates with projectile points scarce (Sutton and Gardner 2010).

In Topanga Phase I other typical characteristics were a few mortars and pestles, abundant core tools (scraper planes, choppers, and hammerstones), relatively few large, leaf -shaped projectile points, cogged stones, and early discoidals. Secondary inhumation under cairns was the common mortuary practice. In Orange County as many as 600 flexed burials were present at one site and dated 6,435 radiocarbon years before present (Sutton and Gardner 2010).

In Topanga Phase II, flexed burials and secondary burial under cairns continued. Adoption of the mortar and pestle is a marker of this phase. Other typical artifacts include manos, metates, scrapers, core tools, discoidals, charmstones, cogged stones and an increase in the number of projectile points. In Orange County stabilization of sea level during this time period resulted in increased use of estuary, near shore, and local terrestrial food sources (Sutton and Gardner 2010).

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28 In Topanga Phase III, there was continuing abundance of metates, manos, and core tools plus increasing amounts of mortars and pestles. More numerous and varied types of projectile points are observed along with the introduction of stone-line earthen ovens. Cooking features such as these were possibly used to bake yucca or agave. Both flexed and extended burials are known (Sutton and Gardner 2010).

The Angeles pattern generally is restricted to the mainland and appears to have been less technologically conservative and more ecologically diverse, with a largely terrestrial focus and greater emphases on hunting and nearshore fishing (Sutton 2010).

The Angeles IV phase is marked by new material items including Cottonwood points for arrows, Olivella cupped beads, Mytilus shell disks, birdstones (zoomorphic effigies with magico - religious properties), and trade items from the Southwest including pottery. It appears that populations increased and that there was a change in the settlement pattern to fewer but larger, permanent villages. Presence and utility of steatite vessels may have impeded the diffusion of pottery into the Los Angeles Basin. The settlement pattern altered to one of fewer and larger permanent villages. Smaller special-purpose sites continued to be used (Sutton 2010).

Angeles V components contain more and larger steatite artifacts, including larger vessels, more elaborate effigies, and comals. Settlement locations shifted from woodland to open grasslands.

The exploitation of marine resources seems to have declined and use of small seeds increased.

Many Gabrieleno inhumations contained grave goods while cremations did not (Sutton 2010).

The Angeles VI phase reflects the ethnographic mainland Gabrieleno of the post-contact period (i.e., after A.D. 1542; Sutton 2010). One of the first changes in Gabrieleno culture after contact was undoubtedly population loss due to disease, coupled with resulting social and political disruption. Angeles VI material culture is essentially Angeles V augmented by a number of EuroAmerican tools and materials, including glass beads and metal tools such as knives and needles (used in bead manufacture). The frequency of Euro-American material culture increased through time until it constituted the vast majority of materials used. Locally produced brownware pottery appears along with metal needle-drilled Olivella disk beads.

3.5 HISTORICAL SETTING

3.5.1 SPANISH PERIOD (1769-1822)
The earliest explorations of California occurred in 1542, when Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo and his party landed near Point Loma. Cabrillo had been tasked by the Spanish monarch with exploration of the western United States interior. Interaction with the native population was initiated, but intensive exploration and colonization of California by Spain did not occur until the 1700s.

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29 In 1769, the Spanish developed plans to build three towns and four presidios (forts) along the California coastline stretching from San Diego northward to Monterey. The town sites, established between 1777 and 1797, included present-day Los Angeles, San Jose, and a small town near Santa Cruz named Branciforte. The presidios were established at San Diego, Santa Barbara, Monterey, and San Francisco. Under Spain, the borderlands were colonized as defenses against the intrusion of the English, French, Dutch, and Russians, with the Manila trade an important item for protection in California. They were held by two typical institutions: the mission and the presidio (Bolton 1913, 1921, 1930 as cited in Aviña 1976).

Mission San Diego Alcalá was founded in 1769, the first of 21 Franciscan missions built along the coast on the El Camino Real between San Diego and Sonoma. Other missions in Southern California include Mission San Gabriel and Mission San Juan Capistrano, each located in their namesake cities that grew up around the missions. The goals of the missions were tri-fold: they established a Spanish presence on the west coast, provided a way to Christianize native peoples, and served to exploit native population as laborers. The mission system severely disrupted Native socio-political structure, especially those living in close proximity (Loumala 1978:595).

Arrival of the Franciscan missionaries during the Spanish period resulted in far-reaching alterations in Native American lifeways. These shifts included high mortality rates and social changes due to the introduction of European diseases and customs (e.g., European farming methods; Dobyns 1983; Walker and Hudson 1989). Due to the high mortality rates, many Native American villages were abandoned, with inhabitants fleeing to the missions:
epidemics, they began to view disease as a form of divine punishment for a power greater than their own, the Natives willingly joined the Spanish The Native population decreased as a consequence of a series of epidemics, and their traditional lifestyle was severely altered as neophytes were converted to Christianity and forced to work for the mission.

3.5.2 MEXICAN PERIOD (1822-1847)
After Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821, the Mission lands were secularized under the Secularization Act of 1833, but much of the land was transferred to political appointees. A series of large land grants that transferred Mission properties to private ownership were awarded by the Governors of California Juan B. Alvarado, Manuel Micheltorena and Pío Pico between 1840 and 1846 (Cowan 1977; Ohles 1997). Ranches and farms were established throughout Southern California during this period.

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30 3.5.3 AMERICAN PERIOD (1848-PRESENT)
The Mexican-American war followed on the heels of the Bear Flag Revolt of June 1846 (Ohles 1997). General Andrés Pico and John C. Frémont signed the Articles of Capitulation in December 1847, and with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in Febru ary 1848, hostilities ended and Mexico relinquished California to the United States. Under the treaty, Mexico ceded the lands of present-day California, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas to the U.S. for $15 million (Fogelson 1993:10). Within two years following the treaty, California applied for admission as a state.

3.5.4 CITY OF YORBA LINDA
Born in 1800, Bernardo Yorba was the son of Jose Antonio Yorba (1742 -1825). A member of the Portola expedition to California in 1769, he assisted in escorting Father Juniper Serra during the founding of the Franciscan Missions. In 1810, Jose Yorba and his nephew Juan Pablo Peralta were granted the 48,000-acre Santiago de Santa Ana land grant (Macarthur 1960).

In 1834, Yorba requested from the Los Angeles town council ownership of the land adjacent to the Santiago de Santa Ana rancho. At that time, the priest of Mission San Gabriel argued that the . granted Bernardo a 13,328-acre land grant. The grant was . The
following year, Yorba began construction of Yorba Hacienda, the largest adobe home (50 rooms (Yorba
Linda Public Library 2021). By 1836, the rancho supported Bernardo Yorba, his wife, seven of his eventual fifteen children, eighteen Native American servants, seven California rancheros, and two non-Native servants. During his lifetime, Yorba married three times and had a total of fifteen children. In November of 1858, Bernardo Yorba died and the rancho was divided among his wife and children.

For the majority of the 20th century, Yorba Linda remained as an agricultural community with its overall population growing slowly from 350 in 1920 to 1,198 by 1960. However, during the 1960s, the area experienced massive population growth which ballooned to 11,433. With exponential growth the town officially incorporated in 1967. During the 1970s and 1980s, the and commercial areas, including the Savi Ranch Center (Yorba Linda Public Library 2021).

3.5.5 APE HISTORY
The APE is located within the horseshoe-bend area of the Santiago de Santa Ana. The land was owned by Santa Ana Valley Irrigation (SAVI) Company which was formed in 1877 to supply water to agricultural fields in Orange County. In 1982 the City of Yorba Linda amended its general plan and annexed approximately 407 acres at the request of the SAVI Company. The land became Savi Ranch and was developed into a commercial area with the Savi Ranch Planned

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31 Development adopted in 1992 (PlaceWorks 2015).

The earliest known USGS topographic map of the APE shows no built environment within the APE (Southern California Sheet, 1:62,500, 1901). In the 1942 USGS topographic map, Old Canal Road and the original alignment of Savi Ranch Parkway are visible (Corona, 1:62,500, 1942).

The earliest known USDA aerial photograph of the APE (1927) shows Old Canyon Road is present in the APE in its current configuration along with Savi Ranch Parkway (FrameFinder 1927). A residence and several ancillary buildings are visible at the southwest portion of the APE. By 1946, the land between Savi Ranch Parkway and Old Canyon Road is developed as an orchard (NETROnline 1946). Between 1980 and 1985 the orchards are removed, and large commercial buildings are built. Old Canal Road, Savi Ranch Parkway, Mirage Street, and Weir Canyon Road are improved (widened and paved) and are in their current configuration (NETROnline 1980 and 1985).

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32 CHAPTER 4. FIELD METHODS
verify the exact location of each identified cultural resource, the condition or integrity of the resource, and the proximity of the resource to other areas of cultural resources sensitivity.

Cogstone archaeologists Roxanne Mayoral and Sandy Duarte completed an intensive pedestrian survey of the entire APE on June 6, 2025. The APE consists of a 6.56-acre hardscaped and landscaped urban area with minimal areas of mapped soil (Figures 7 through 15).

Native soils within the APE below the hardscaping and landscaping consist of San Emigdio fine sandy loam and Mocho fine loam, which are described as very deep, well-drained soils located on fans and flood plains formed in alluvium. No areas of native ground visibility were identified during survey due to the fully hardscaped environment.

As the APE is fully hardscaped and landscaped, the pedestrian survey was conducted along the sidewalks and along the sides of roads. Areas of open landscaping were evaluated and proved to contain imported soils, gravels, and ornamental vegetation. No areas of native ground visibility were identified ruing the survey.

No archaeological resources were identified during survey.

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34 Figure 8. APE overview from Old Canal Road and Oak Crest Circle. View to the southwest.

Figure 9. APE overview from Old Canal Road and Oak Crest Circle. View to the west.

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35 Figure 10. APE overview down Mirage Street from near Old Canal Road. View to the northwest.

Figure 11. APE overview of Yorba Linda Boulevard. View to the south-southeast.

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36 Figure 12. Overview of P-30-001067 resource area from Savi Ranch Parkway near California Highway 91 eastbound offramp. View to the north-northeast.

Figure 13. APE overview down Savi Ranch Parkway across Yorba Linda Boulevard. View to the southwest.

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37 Figure 14. APE overview from Savi Ranch Parkway and North Weir Canyon Road. View to the southeast.

Figure 15. APE overview from where Crystal Drive becomes Mirage Street (west of Costco store).

View to the south-southeast.

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38 CHAPTER 5. STUDY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS
A records search, research, Native American consultation, and a field survey were conducted.

No archaeological resources were identified during the survey. Based on the results of the CHRIS record search results conducted at the SCCIC, one archaeological resource, P-30-001067 (CA-ORA-001067), is located within the APE and one archaeological resource, P-30-000818 (CA-ORA-000818) is located immediately adjacent to the APE. The locations P-30-001067 were intensively surveyed but no indication of the resource could be identified. Cogstone prepared a site update for this resource on DPR 523 series forms (Appendix E). Tribal consultation did not yield any site records known in the APE, however discussions with the tribes do note the higher sensitivity to encounter tribal cultural resources due to the proximity of larger village sites within the area. As a result of background research and tribal consultation, there are no other identified archaeological resources within the APE.

5.1 CONCLUSION
Identification efforts for the Project included a review of the cultural records search completed at the SCCIC, a review of existing literature, a review of historic aerial photographs and historic topographic maps, a SLF search, a geoarchaeological sensitivity analysis, and an intensive pedestrian survey.

The SCCIC cultural record search indicated that one resource, P-30-001067 (CA-ORA-001067), is located within the APE. However, the pedestrian survey found that the location of this resource is entirely hardscaped and landscaped. The results of the pedestrian survey were negative for archaeological resources.

The geoarchaeological analysis indicated that two soils within the APE have a medium potential for buried sites. The Mocho sandy loam where it overlies the late Pleistocene to Holocene young axial channel deposits is also the location of P-30-001067 (CA-ORA-001067). The San Emigdio fine sandy loam where it overlies the late Holocene very young alluvial fan deposits also has potential. This is found in a very small area approximately 0.05 acres on the north side of Old Canal Road. Tribal consultation regarding potential to impact unknown cultural resources remains ongoing as of the approval of this ASR.

5.2 PREVIOUSLY UNIDENTIFIED CULTURAL MATERIALS
If previously unidentified cultural materials are unearthed during construction, it is Caltrans' policy that work be halted in that area until a qualified archaeologist can assess the significance of the find. Additional archaeological survey will be needed if Project limits are extended beyond the present survey limits.

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39 CHAPTER 6. REFERENCES CITED
Aviña, Rose Hollenbaugh
1976 Spanish and Mexican Land Grants in California. Arno Press, New York.

Bean, L.J. and C.R. Smith
1978 Gabrielino. In California, edited by Robert F. Heizer, pp. 538-549. Handbook of North American Indians, William C. Sturtevant, general editor, Vol. 8. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Blakey, R.
2010 Permission to use a Miocene paleo reconstruction of the western US. A more recent version can be found here https://geology.byu.edu/wasatch-fault/tertiary-paleomap BLM GO
https://glorecords.blm.gov/reference/default.aspx#1, accessed September 10, 2025.

Cowan, Robert G.
1977 Ranchos of California: A List of Spanish Concessions, 1775-1882 and Mexican Grants, 1822-1846. Historical Society of Southern California.

Dobyns, Henry F.
1983 Their Number Become Thinned: Native American Population Dynamics in Eastern North America. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

Eisentraut, P, and J. D. Cooper
2002
Archaeological and Paleontological Collections.

Fogelson, R.M.
1993 The Fragmented Metropolis: Los Angeles, 185930. University of California Press, Berkeley.

FrameFinder
1927 Flight C_113, Frame 997. USDA aerial photograph. Scale 1:18,000. Taken August 1, 1927. Available at https://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/, accessed May 1, 2025.

Hale, Horatio
1846 United States Exploring Expedition During the Years 1838, 1839, 1810, 1811, 1812.

Under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. Ethnography and Philology. Lea and Blanchard, Philadelphia.

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40 Harrington, John P.
1917 1930s The Papers of John P. Harrington in the Smithsonian Institution 1907 1957:

Volume Three, Microfilm. https://edan.si.edu/slideshow/viewer/?damspath=/Public_Sets/NMNH/NMNH-RCAnthropology/NMNH-RC-Anth-Archives/NMNH-RC-Anth-Archives-NAA/NAAHarrington/NAA-Harrington-Microfilm/NAA-Harrington_mf6_r03, accessed December 22, 2015.

Heizer, Robert F.
1978 Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 8, California. Washington, D.C.:

Smithsonian Institution.

Hudson, Dee
1971 Proto-Gabrielino Patterns of Territorial Organization in South Coastal California.

Pacific Coast Archaeology Society Quarterly 7(2): 51-71. iNaturalist
2025 iNaturalist. Available at https://www.inaturalist.org/. Accessed May 1, 2025.

Kroeber, A.L.
1925 Handbook of the Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology, Washington, D.C.

Macarthur, Yorba Mildred
1960 A brief history of the Yorba family. Yorba Linda Public Library. Digital copy available at https://www.ylpl.org/history/a-brief-history-of-the-yorba-family/, accessed June 9, 2025.

Martinez, D., and W. Teeter
Island Project. Society for American Archaeology Record 15(1): 25-28.

McCawley, William
1996 First Angelinos: the Gabrielino Indians of Los Angeles. Malki Museum Press/Ballena Press, Banning, California.

Merriam, C. Hart
1907 Tongva list. C. Hart Merriam papers. Manuscript/Mixed Material. https://lccn.loc.gov/mm820326.

Mithun, Marianne
1999 Languages of Native North America. Cambridge University Press.

Morton, D. M., and F. K. Miller

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41 Geology and description of map units, version 1.0. Digital preparation by Cossette, P. M. and K. R. Bovard. USGS Open File Report 2006-1217, scale 1:100,000.

NETROnline
1946 Historic Aerials. Available at https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer#, accessed May 1, 2025.
1980 Historic Aerials. Available at https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer#, accessed May 1, 2025
1985 Historic Aerials. Available at https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer#, accessed May 1, 2025
1988 Historic Aerials. Available at https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer#, accessed September 9, 2025
Ohles, Wallace V.
1997 Mission San Miguel Property and Padres. The Friends of the Adobes, San Miguel, California.

Orange County Outdoors (OCO)
2025 Wildlife. Available at https://www.orangecountyoutdoors.com/wildlife/birds-of-prey, accessed May 1, 2025.

Orange County Habitats (OCH)
2025 Plants of Orange County. Available at https://www.ochabitats.org/plants-of-oc, accessed April 30, 2025.

Placeworks
2015
https://yorbalinda.granicus.com/MetaViewer.php?view_id=4&clip_id=730&meta_id=86 738. Accessed: June 20, 2025.

Reid, Hugo
1968
Robert F. Heizer. Southwest Museum, Los Angeles.

Rosen, M. D.
1980 Archaeological Investigations at Two Santa Catalina Sites: Rosski (SCAI-45) and Miner's Camp (SCAI-118). Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 16:22 60.

Rumelhart, P.E. and R.V. Ingersoll
1997 Provenance of the upper Miocene Modelo Formation and subsidence analysis of the Los Angeles basin, southern California: Implications for paleotectonic and paleogeographic reconstructions. Geological Society of America Bulletin 109(7):885-899.

Rushing, Heather R.

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42 1995 - Unpublished manuscript, Directed Individual Study Seminar, Department of Anthropology, Summer II Term, Mississippi State University.

Stadum, C. J.
n.d. Orange County Geology - Teachers Guide, Chapman College, for the Orange County Department of Education. Modified by Irvine Valley College, online at https://ivc.edu/dept/geology/ocgeo
Sutton, M.
2009 People and Language, Defining the Takic Expansion into Southern California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 41(2 and 3): 31-93. 2010 The Del Rey Tradition and its Place in the Prehistory of Southern California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 44(2):1-54.

Strong, William Duncan
1972 Aboriginal Society in Southern California. Malki Museum Press, Banning, California.

Sutton, M., and J. Gardner
2010 Reconceptualizing the Encinitas Tradition of Southern California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 42(4):1-64.

University of California Davis National Resources Conservation Service California Soils Resource Lab (UCD SoilWeb).
2025 Available at http://casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu/soilweb-apps/, accessed May 2025.

U.S. Climate Data (USCD)
2025 Climate Yorba Linda California. Available at
https://www.usclimatedata.com/climate/yorba-linda/california/unitedstates/usca1847#google_vignette, accessed April 30, 2025.

United States Department of Agriculture National Resources Conservation Service (USDANRCS) 2025 Official Soil Series Descriptions. https://soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/osdname.aspx, accessed May 2025.

USGS Topographic Map
1901 Southern California Sheet No 1. [map]. U.S. Geological Survey. 1:250000.

Topographic Quadrangle Map. Southern California Sheet No 1. CA, 1901. Available at https://livingatlas.arcgis.com/topomapexplorer/#maps, accessed May 2, 2025. 1942 Corona. [map]. U.S. Geological Survey. 1:62500. Topographic Quadrangle Map. Corona, CA. 1947. Available at https://livingatlas.arcgis.com/topomapexplorer/#maps, accessed May 2, 2025.

Wagner, D.L.

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43 2002 California Geologic Survey Note 36. Online at
http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/information/publications/cgs_notes/note_36/Docume nts/note_36.pdf
Walker, Phillip L., and Travis Hudson
1989 Chumash Healing: Changing Health and Medical Practices in an American Indian Society. Malki Museum Press, Banning, California.

Wallace, W.J.
1955 A Suggested Chronology for Southern California Coastal Archaeology. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 11:214 230.

Warren, C. N.
1968 Cultural Tradition and Ecological Adaptation on the Southern California Coast. Eastern New Mexico University Contributions in Archaeology 1(3):1 15.

WeatherSpark
2025 Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Yorba Linda. Available at https://weatherspark.com/y/1913/Average-Weather-in-Yorba-Linda-California-UnitedStates-Year-Round, accessed April 30, 2025.

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EXHIBIT A. NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Project ASR Native American Heritage Commission Native American Contact List Orange County 5/5/2025 Tribe Name Contact Person Cultural Affiliation Counties Last Updated Cahuilla Band of Indians BobbyRay Esparza, Cultural Director Cahuilla Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 6/28/2023 Cahuilla Band of Indians Anthony Madrigal, Tribal Historic Preservation Officer Cahuilla Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 6/28/2023 Cahuilla Band of Indians Erica Schenk, Chairperson Cahuilla Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 2/1/2024 Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians - Kizh Nation Andrew Salas, Chairperson Gabrieleno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Ventura 8/18/2023 Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians - Kizh Nation Christina Swindall Martinez, Secretary Gabrieleno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Ventura 8/18/2023 Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians Anthony Morales, Chairperson Gabrieleno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Ventura 12/4/2023 Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council Robert Dorame, Chairperson Gabrielino Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Ventura 3/16/2023 Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council Christina Conley, Cultural Resource Administrator Gabrielino Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Ventura 3/16/2023

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Project ASR Gabrielino/Tongva Nation Sandonne Goad, Chairperson Gabrielino Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Ventura 3/28/2023 Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe Charles Alvarez, Chairperson Gabrielino Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Ventura 5/30/2023 Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe Sam Dunlap, Cultural Resource Director Gabrielino Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Ventura 5/30/2023 Juaneno Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation - Belardes Joyce Perry, Cultural Resource Director Juaneno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 3/17/2023 Juaneno Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation 84A Heidi Lucero, THPO/MLD Juaneno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 2/4/2025 Juaneno Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation 84A Nathan Banda, Chairman Juaneno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 2/4/2025 Juaneno Band of Mission Indians Acjachemen Nation 84A Shannon Wingfield, Secretary Juaneno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 2/4/2025 Pala Band of Mission Indians Christopher Nejo, Legal Analyst/Researcher Cupeno Luiseno Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 11/27/2023 Pala Band of Mission Indians Alexis Wallick, Assistant THPO Cupeno Luiseno Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 11/27/2023 Pala Band of Mission Indians Shasta Gaughen, Tribal Historic Preservation Officer Cupeno Luiseno Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 11/27/2023

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Project ASR Pechanga Band of Indians Tuba Ebru Ozdil, Pechanga Cultural Analyst Luiseno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Ventura 8/2/2023 Pechanga Band of Indians Steve Bodmer, General Counsel for Pechanga Band of Indians Luiseno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Ventura 8/2/2023 Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians Cheryl Madrigal, Cultural Resources Manager/Tribal Historic Preservation Officer Luiseno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Ventura 5/31/2023 Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians Laurie Gonzalez, Tribal Council/Culture Committee Member Luiseno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Ventura 5/31/2023 Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians Joseph Linton, Tribal Council/Culture Committee Member Luiseno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Ventura 5/31/2023 Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians Denise Turner Walsh, Attorney General Luiseno Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Ventura 7/7/2023 Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians Steven Estrada, Tribal Chairman Cahuilla Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 4/8/2024 Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians Vanessa Minott, Tribal Administrator Cahuilla Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 4/8/2024 Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians Joseph Ontiveros, Tribal Historic Preservation Officer Cahuilla Luiseno Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 7/14/2023 Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians Jessica Valdez, Cultural Resource Specialist Cahuilla Luiseno Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego 7/14/2023

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Project ASR This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code, Section 5097.94 of the Public Resources Code and Section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code. This list is only applicable for contacting local Native Americans with regard to cultural resources assessment for the proposed SAVI RANCH PARKWAY WIDENING/CONNECT SAVI RANCH Project, Orange County. Record: PROJ-2025-002433 Report Type: List of Tribes Counties: Orange NAHC Group: All

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EXHIBIT B. HISTORICAL SOCIETY CONSULTATION

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EXHIBIT C. GEOLOGIC AND SOIL DISCUSSIONS

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Puente Formation, late Miocene to early Pliocene
The deep marine Puente Formation was deposited during the late Miocene, between 11.6 and 3.6 million years ago (Ma). Only the Sycamore Canyon Member is mapped within the APE, however, due to the proximity to the APE, the Yorba Member may also be present at depth.

The eastern Puente Hills, also known as the Chino Hills, are comprised of middle to late Miocene Epoch (15-9 million years old) marine sedimentary rock units overlain in some areas by Pleistocene Epoch (1.8 million to 10 thousand years old) terrestrial sediments. Beginning about 23 million years ago, the ocean extended well past the modern shoreline and covered much of California into at least the Yucaipa area (see Figure 4). The Miocene sediments were deposited as submarine fans at bathyal (1000-4000 meters or 3,300-13,000 feet) depths (Rumelhart and Ingersoll 1997). Tectonic events starting about 5 million years ago uplifted the local mountains and caused the subsidence of valleys. This resulted in the withdrawal of the ocean and beginning of river and stream cutting of channels into the newly exposed older sediments.

Puente Formation, Yorba Member (Tpy)
This marine member is a white to gray siltstone with sandstone. Beds are yellowish grey to grey, massive to well-bedded, silts to very coarse-grained sandstone, interbedded with matrix supported pebble conglomerate (Morton and Miller 2006). The member locally includes abundant diatomite from a deep basin depositional environment (Eisentraut and Cooper 2002).

Puente Formation, Sycamore Canyon Member (Tpsc)
The Sycamore Canyon Member (Tpsc) consists primarily of pale gray, thick-bedded to massive, medium- to coarse-grained, friable sandstone and brownish-gray, massive pebble conglomerate.

Laterally the unit also contains pale gray, thick-bedded to massive, medium- to coarse-grained, friable sandstone; pale gray, thin-bedded, siliceous siltstone; pale gray, poorly bedded siltstone (Morton and Miller 2006).

Early to middle Pleistocene very old alluvial fan deposits (Qvof) Alluvial fans form as sediments in fluid suspension decrease in velocity and drop out of the water column at the mouths of canyons. Clasts are angular to subrounded, rarely rounded and coarsen upstream. The abundance of clast sizes varies greatly depending on setting, size of the drainage area, and the sediment source. Boulders up to several meters across can be deposited near the mountains during flash floods where the source material is well indurated.

Deposited between 2.6 Ma and 126,000 years ago, the very old alluvial fans consist of moderately to well consolidated, poorly sorted, silts to conglomerates. In much of the Peninsular Ranges area, the unit consists of moderately well consolidated, orangish brown sand and silt that has well dissected surfaces (Morton and Miller 2006).

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Late Pleistocene to Holocene young axial channel deposits (Qya) Deposited less than 126,000 years ago, these axial channel deposits were emplaced adjacent to streams in through-going stream valleys. Sediments are slightly to moderately indurated and consist of silts to pebbles (Morton and Miller 2006).

Late Pleistocene to Holocene young alluvial fan deposits (Qyf) Young alluvial fan deposits (Qyf) may occur between the very young alluvial fan (Qf) and the very old alluvial fan deposits (Qvof). Emplaced less than 126,000 years ago into the same depositional environment as the very old and very young alluvial fan deposits, these sediments appear similar. In general, they are unindurated to moderately indurated, silts to bouldery conglomerates, with slightly to moderately dissected fan surfaces (Morton and Miller 2006).

Late Holocene very young alluvial fan deposits (Qf)
Deposited less than 126,000 years ago into the same depositional environment as the very old and young alluvial fan deposits, these sediments appear similar but have been deposited in active and recently active parts of alluvial fans. In general, they are unindurated to slightly indurated, silts to bouldery conglomerates, with undissected fan surfaces (Morton and Miller 2006).

Wash deposits (Qw)
The Santa Ana River itself began flowing during the Pliocene when the San Bernardino Mountains, Chino Hills, and Santa Ana Mountains began uplifting. The river deposited significant amounts of alluvium below the San Bernardino Mountains and incised Santa Ana Canyon on its way to the ocean (Stadum n.d.).

The active Santa Ana River adjacent to the APE is mapped as late Holocene very young wash deposits (Qw). These sediments are the unconsolidated, active portions of modern rivers and consist of sand to boulder clasts from local sources. Sediments coarsen upstream with the largest clasts being deposited during flash floods. Larger clasts are typically more rounded than smaller clasts (Morton and Miller 2006).
.

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Project ASR Table D-1. Project soil descriptions Map symbol Primary soil name and slopes; Other soils Soil Taxonomy/ Basic Description Diagnostic features Geology Buried site potential 141 Cieneba sandy loam, slope 15% to 30%. Cieneba is 85% of total volume; San Andreas 5%, Anaheim 5%, and Soper 5% soils are also present. Cieneba Soil Series: Order- Entisol; Suborder- Orthents; Loamy, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic, shallow Typic Xerorthents. Cieneba soils can have O1, A, and Cr horizons. In general (but not always): very shallow and shallow, somewhat excessively drained soils that formed in material weathered from granitic rock. Gravelly loam formed with a chaparral cover on hills and mountains, typically from granitic material. Slope 9% to 85%. O1 horizon (0 to 1 cm): Grayish brown, partially decomposed leaf and twig litter. A horizon (1 to 25 cm): Pale brown to brown, fine gravelly loam with many fine and medium roots; many very fine and fine interstitial pores. Acidity: moderately acidic Cr horizon (25 to 76 cm): Reddish yellow and brown strongly weathered, acid granitic material with relic rock structure. early to middle Pleistocene very old alluvial fan deposits (Qvof) very low 165 Mocho sandy loam, slope 0% to 2%. Mocho sandy loam is 85% of total volume; Mocho 5%, San Emigdio 5%, and Sorrento 5% soils are also present. Mocho Soil Series: Order- Mollisols; Suborder- Xerolls; Fine- loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Fluventic Haploxerolls. Mocho soils can have Ap, A, C1, and C2 horizons. In general: very deep, well drained soils that formed ona alluvial fans and are mostly from sandstone and shale rock sources. Slope 0% to 9%. Acidity: moderately alkaline Ap, A horizons (0 to 46 cm): Grayish brown loam very fine and fine roots and medium interstitial pores. Carbonates disseminated and slightly to strongly effervescent. C1, C2 horizons (46 to 183 cm): Light brownish gray, dark grayish brown loam with few very fine and fine roots and many very fine and fine tubular pores. Carbonates disseminated and strongly effervescent. C2 has stratified thin layers of sand and lenses of fine material with brown organic material between the strata. late Pleistocene to Holocene young axial channel deposits (Qya) medium 173 Myford sandy loam, slope 2% to 9%. Myford is 85% of total volume; Capistrano 5%, Yorba 5%, and Chesterton 3% Myford Soil Series: Order- Alfisols; Suborder- Xeralfs; Fine- loamy, mixed, thermic Typic Palexeralfs. Myford soils can have A2, A3, Bt1, Bt2, Btk1, Btk2, Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, and C horizons. In general: sandy loam. Slope 2% to 90%. A horizon (0 to 12 in): 7.5YR or 10YR hue pinkish gray or light brown, light brownish gray, pale brown, grayish brown or brown sandy loam, or fine sandy loam. Clay: 18%. Acidity: strong to slightly acid Bt horizons (12 to 71 in): 7.5YR or 10YR hue brown, dark brown, or yellowish brown sandy clay or heavy clay loam in the upper part and sandy clay loam or clay loam. Clay: 28%-30%. Acidity: moderately alkaline C horizon (71 to 79 in): 10YR hue very pale-brown, or brown sandy loam. Acidity: slightly acid early to middle Pleistocene very old alluvial fan deposits (Qvof) very low

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Project ASR Map symbol Primary soil name and slopes; Other soils Soil Taxonomy/ Basic Description Diagnostic features Geology Buried site potential 191 riverwash 100% of total volume Not a soil. Drainages and channels. Sands, silts, and gravels associated with modern drainages. late Pleistocene to Holocene young axial channel deposits (Qya) very low 194 San Emigdio fine sandy loam, slope 0 to 2%. San Emigdio is 85% of total volume, Palmview 4%, Metz 4%, and Hueneme 4% soils are also present. San Emigdio Soil Series: Order- Entisols; Suborder- Fluvents; Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, calcareous, thermic Typic Xerofluvents. Found on alluvial fans, floodplains, and in narrow valleys. Can have Ap, C1, C2, and C3 horizons. In general: San Emigdio soils are gently sloping found in alluvial fans, floodplains, and in narrow valleys at elevations of 100 to 2,000 feet; derived from older sedimentary formations. Throughout: Fine sandy loam. Clay: <18% between 10 to 40 inches deep. Rock fragments: 0% -15% fine pebbles (% increases with depth). Organics: 0.5% - 1.5% (% decreases irregularly with depth). Acidity: moderately alkaline. Ap horizon: Light brownish gray to dark grayish brown. Effervescence: slight with disseminated lime. C1 horizon: Light brownish gray to dark grayish brown. Effervescence: strong with disseminated lime. C2 and C3 horizons: Light gray to light olive brown. Effervescence: strong with disseminated lime. late Pleistocene to Holocene young axial channel deposits (Qya) low early to middle Pleistocene very old alluvial fan deposits (Qvof) very low Puente Fm., late Miocene to Pliocene Sycamore Canyon Member (Tpsc) very low 195 San Emigdio fine sandy loam, slope 2 to 9%. San Emigdio is 85% of total volume, Sorrento 4%, Mocho 4%, and Palmview 4% soils are also Same as above Same as above late Holocene very young alluvial fan deposits (Qf) medium late Pleistocene to Holocene young axial channel deposits (Qya) low

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Savi Ranch Parkway Widening and Connect Project ASR Map symbol Primary soil name and slopes; Other soils Soil Taxonomy/ Basic Description Diagnostic features Geology Buried site potential present. early to middle Pleistocene very old alluvial fan deposits (Qvof) very low 217 Xeralfic arents loamy, slope 2% to 9%. Xeralfic arents are 85% of total volume and unnamed 15% There is very little information on this soil type and it lacks horizons. This unit does not appear in the USDA-NRCS catalog. Soils are moderately well-drained or well-drained soils with characteristics that are most likely altered by mechanical mixing or, if undisturbed, are former argillic horizons remnants. Generally sandy clay loam in texture after reshaping and found at elevations of 50 to 1,500 feet. early to middle Pleistocene very old alluvial fan deposits (Qvof) very low 225 Yorba cobbly sandy loam, slope 9% to 30%. Yorba is 85% of total volume; Myford 5%, Gabino 5%, and Soper 3% soils are also present. Yorba Soil Series: Order- Alfisols; Suborder- Xeralfs; Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Haploxeralfs. Yorba soils can have A1, A2, Bt1, Bt2, and B1 horizons. In general: deep, well-drained soils formed in mixed alluvium on terraces in the coastal plain of southern California. Acidity: slightly acidic A1, A2 horizons (0 to 28 cm): Pinkish gray, brown or light brownish gray, gravelly sandy loam with common fine roots; common fine tubular pores. Gravel and cobbles 10-25%. Bt1, Bt2 horizons (28 to 107 cm): Brown, dark brown, yellowish red, red or reddish brown, very gravelly sandy clay loam or clay loam with few fine roots; common fine tubular pores. Gravel and cobbles 35-65%. B1 horizon (107 to 160 cm): Red to dark red, very gravelly sandy loam with few fine roots; many fine interstitial pores. Gravel and cobbles 60%. late Holocene very young alluvial fan deposits (Qf) low early to middle Pleistocene very old alluvial fan deposits (Qvof) very low Puente Fm., late Miocene to Pliocene Sycamore Canyon Member (Tpsc) very low Soil information from UCD SoilWeb and USDA-NRCS (accessed May 2025). Geology from Morton and Miller (2006).

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EXHIBIT D. LITERATURE REVIEW (DPR 523 FORMS)

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Yorba Linda City CouncilJanuary 20, 2026

Yorba Linda City Council
January 20, 2026