Corona City Council
March 19, 2025

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
Roads within the Project Area include West Ontario Avenue, Lincoln Avenue, Oak Avenue, and Buena Vista Avenue.

While Riverside County crews constructed all four roads circa 1920s, research found little indication that they shared an association with the Good Roads Movement that lasted until the late 1920s. A 1948 aerial image depicts all four roads in their current confirmation except for S. Lincoln Avenue which was realigned roughly 600 feet south of W.

Ontario Avenue in the 1990s. Riverside County paved all four roads during 1970s according to aerial images. From at least the 1940s to the 1960s, these roads served the surrounding agriculture activities but by 1970s and 1980s suburban single-family neighborhoods developed adjacent to these roads (City of Corona 2021; National Environmental Title Research LLC [NETR] 2023).

Evaluation

South Lincoln Avenue (Resource OV-08) does not meet any of the criteria for listing in the NRHP or CRHR, or as a City of Corona Historic Landmark, either individually or as part of an existing historic district, as demonstrated below.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion A/1
South Lincoln Avenue in Corona provided residents of Corona with access to other nearby rural communities in Riverside County. It did not, however, function as a major road for Corona residents because it was a one-lane dirt road until the 1970s. Furthermore, the construction of South Lincoln Avenue did not mark a milestone in the Good Roads Movement in Riverside County. There is nothing in the archival record to suggest that South Lincoln Avenue is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of Riverside County history. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion A/1.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion B/2
Riverside County crews built and maintained South Lincoln Avenue. However, there is nothing in the archival record to suggest that it is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion B/2.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion C/3
As a conventional four-lane suburban road, indistinguishable from multiple similar roads in Riverside County, South Lincoln Avenue does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, possess high artistic values, represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion C/3.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion D/4
The information potential of South Lincoln Avenue is expressed in its built form and in the historical record. It has not yielded, nor is it likely to yield, information important in history or prehistory. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion D/4.

Integrity
Though South Lincoln Avenue possesses integrity of location, the road has gone from a circa 1920s one-lane dirt road to a four-lane paved road with bike lanes. In addition, the setting has completely changed from heavily agricultural land to completely developed with single-family suburban tract homes. Therefore, the change in road design and surroundings have resulted in a lack of integrity of setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association.

Regardless of integrity, due to lack of historical significance, South Lincoln Avenue does not meet NRHP or CRHR eligibility criteria as an individual resource or as part of any known or suspected historic district; the resource is not listed on any Certified Local Government historic property register.

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information

17.63.050 Corona Register – Landmark listing criteria.

Criterion A, 1. Though the subject road is greater than 50 years old, ECORP found no indication that the road is of exceptional importance.

Criterion A, 2. Though the subject road is reflective of road development in Corona, archival research failed to indicate anything significant or unique about its development history. The road was not the first or last of its type, and similar types exist throughout the region. Furthermore, research did not indicate that the subject road is associated with more specific events or patterns of development that have historical significance at the local level.

Criterion A, 3a. Though the subject road is reflective of transportation development in Corona, archival research failed to indicate anything significant or unique about the road’s development history. The road was not the first or last of its type, and similar types exist throughout the region. Furthermore, research did not indicate that the subject road is associated with more specific events or patterns of development that have historical significance at the local level.

Criterion A, 3b. As stated in the NRHP and CRHR evaluation above, the road is not associated with the lives of persons significant in Corona’s past.

Criterion A, 3c. As a conventional four-lane suburban road, indistinguishable from multiple similar roads in Riverside County, South Lincoln Avenue does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values, or represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction.

Criterion A, 3d. The subject road is a commonplace street in Corona, and there is no evidence that it reflects special elements of the city’s cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, architectural, or natural history.

Criterion A, 3e. Research found no evidence to suggest that the subject road is the work of a notable builder, designer, or architect.

Criterion A, 3f. The subject road represents a typical example of its type and does not exemplify one of the best remaining architectural styles or types in a neighborhood, nor does it contain outstanding elements of architectural design, detail, materials or craftsmanship of a particular historic period.

Criterion A, 3g. The subject road is not in a unique location.

Criterion A, 3h. The subject road is not a potential source of archeological or paleontological interest.

Criterion A, 3i. There is no evidence that the subject road contains a natural setting or feature that strongly contributes to the well-being of the people of Corona.

Criterion A, 4. Though South Lincoln Avenue possesses integrity of location, the road has gone from a circa 1920s one-lane dirt road to a four-lane paved road with bike lanes. In addition, the setting has completely changed from heavily agricultural land to completely developed with single-family suburban tract homes. Therefore, the change in road design and surroundings have resulted in a lack of integrity of setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association.

Regardless of integrity, due to lack of historical significance, South Lincoln Avenue does not meet NRHP or CRHR eligibility criteria as an individual resource or as part of any known or suspected historic district; the resource is not listed on any Certified Local Government historic property register.

Criterion C. The subject road is not a reconstructed improvement.

Criterion D. The subject road is not a site, improvement, or natural feature that is intended to be primarily commemorative.

B12. References (continued):

City of Corona. 2021. 2020–2040 General Plan - Housing Element 2021-2029. November 3, 2021 _____. 2018. History of Corona, https://www.coronaca.gov/government/departments-divisions/library-recreationservices/library/heritage-room/history-of-corona. Accessed December 6, 2023.

Cleland, Robert G. 1941. The Cattle on a Thousand Hills: Southern California, 1850-1870. Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
Freel, G. S. 2011. The History of Corona. Corona Public Library, Corona, California.

Gunther, J. D. 1984. Riverside County, California, Place Names: Their Origins and Their Stories. Rubidoux Printing Co., Riverside, California.

Jackson, W. Turrentine. 1998. Roads and Highways. In The New Encyclopedia of the American West, edited by Howard R. Lamar. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.

Johnson, Hildegard Binder. 1990. Towards a National Landscape. In The Making of the American Landscape, edited by Michael P. Conzen. Routledge, New York.Koerper, H. C., P. Langenwalter II, A. Schroth. 1991. Early Holocene Adaptations and the Transition Problem: Evidence from the Allan O. Kelly Site, Agua Hedionda Lagoon. In Hunter-Gatherers of Early Holocene Coastal California, edited by J. M. Erlandson and R. H.

Colten, pp. 81-88. Perspectives in California Archaeology, Volume 1. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.

Kostof, Spiro. 1992. The City Assembled: The Elements of Urban Form Through History. Bulfinch Press, Boston, MA.

Monkkonen, Eric H. 1988. America Becomes Urban: The Development of U.S. Cities & Towns, 1780-1980. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.

Lincoln
Avenue
ECORP: N:\2023\2023-213 Ontario Avenue Widening at Lincoln Ave\MAPS\Cultural_Resources\Ontario Ave CRM.aprx/CRM_DPR_LOCATION_Letter (2022)-mwilliams 12/12/2023 DPR 523J (1/95) *Required Information
0 250 500 1,000 Meters
0 1,000 2,000 4,000 Feet
I
*Map Name: Corona South, CA and Corona North, CA *Scale: 1:24,000 *Date of Map:1994 (p.r.1997), 1975

Primary #
HRI #
Trinomial
State of California - The Resources Agency

DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION

LOCATION MAP

DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information
State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #
PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial
NRHP Status Code 6Z
Other Listings
Review Code Reviewer Date

P1. Other Identifier: Oak Avenue
*P2. Location: ☐ Not for Publication ☒ Unrestricted *a. County: Riverside and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Corona South Date: 1967 T04S; R07W; Section 0 S.B.B.M. c. Address: City: Corona Zip: 92882
d. UTM: 11 S 445789 mE 3746568 mN
e. Other Locational Data: N/A
*P3a. Description:

Oak Avenue (Resource OV-09) is an approximately 170-foot-long, north–south-oriented segment road in Corona. It is a 50-foot-wide, two-lane section line road paved with asphalt. The road was built in c. 1920 and was paved during the 1970s. The western and eastern sides of the road include concrete gutters. It also features modern reflective speed bumps, reflective paint (including white side-stripes), and turn arrows.
*P3b. Resource Attributes: HP37. Highway/trail
*P4. Resources Present: ☐ Building ☒ Structure ☐ Object ☐ Site ☐ District ☐ Element of District ☐ Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo:

Overview of Oak Avenue
View southwest, December 6,
2023
*P6. Date Constructed/Age and
Sources:
☒ Historic ☐ Prehistoric ☐ Both
c. 1920 (Topographic Map)
*P7. Owner and Address:

Riverside County
4040 Lemon Street
Riverside, CA 92501
*P8. Recorded by:

Andrew Bursan
ECORP Consulting, Inc.
2861 Pullman Street
Santa Ana, CA 92705
*P9. Date Recorded:

December 6, 2023
*P10. Survey Type:

Intensive
*P11. Report Citation:

ECORP Consulting, Inc. 2023. Cultural Resources Investigation and Built Environment Evaluation for the Ontario Road Widening at Lincoln Avenue, Riverside County, California. Prepared for City of Corona *Attachments: ☐ NONE ☒ Location Map ☐ Sketch Map ☒ Continuation Sheet ☒ Building, Structure, and Object Record ☐ Archaeological Record ☐ District Record ☐ Linear Feature Record ☐ Milling Station Record ☐ Rock Art Record ☐ Artifact Record ☐ Photograph Record ☐ Other (List):

P5a. Photo or Drawing

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information
State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#

BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD

*Resource Name or # OV-09
B1. Historic Name: Oak Avenue
B2. Common Name: Oak Avenue
B3. Original Use: Road B4. Present Use: Road
*B5. Architectural Style: N/A
*B6. Construction History:

N/A
*B7. Moved? ☒ No ☐ Yes ☐ Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: N/A
B9a. Architect: N/A b. Builder: N/A
*B10. Significance: Theme: Road Area: Corona
Period of Significance: 1920s Property Type: Road Applicable Criteria: N/A The following Significance Statement provides historic contexts to support an evaluation of OV-09 using National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), California Register of Historic Resources (CRHR), and City of Corona Historic Landmark criteria. (See continuation sheet)
B11. Additional Resource Attributes: N/A
*B12. References:
(See continuation sheet)
B13. Remarks: None
*B14. Evaluator:

Andrew Bursan
ECORP Consulting, Inc.
2861 Pullman Street
Santa Ana, CA 92705
*Date of Evaluation: December 7, 2023
(This space reserved for official comments.)

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
B10. Significance (continued):

Historic Context
City of Corona History
As early as 1825, brothers Bernardo and Tomás Yorba used the land encompassing the Project area for cattle grazing, calling it La Sierra, although they held no legal title. In 1846, shortly before California became part of the United States, Mexican Governor Pio Pico signed two grants for adjacent lands along the Santa Ana River, dividing La Sierra in two: Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) and Rancho La Sierra (Sepulveda). These grants, to Bernardo Yorba and Tomás Yorba’s widow, Doña Vicenta Sepulveda, respectively, comprised a total of eight leagues (approximately 35,560 acres). Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) consisted of the southwestern half of the former La Sierra, and Rancho La Sierra (Sepulveda) comprised the northeastern half. The present-day city of Corona is situated on former Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) land (Gunther 1984). The Mexican Period, which began with independence from Spain in 1821, continued until the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848. The American period began when the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed between Mexico and the United States in 1848. As a result of the treaty, Alta California became part of the United States as the Territory of California. Rapid population increase occasioned by the Gold Rush of 1849 led to statehood in 1850. Most Mexican land grants were confirmed to the grantees by U.S. courts, but usually with more restricted boundaries which were surveyed by the U.S. Surveyor General’s office. Floods and drought in the 1860s greatly reduced the cattle herds on the ranchos, making it difficult for their owners to pay the new American taxes on their thousands of acres. Many Mexican-American cattle ranchers borrowed money at usurious rates from newly arrived Anglo-Americans. Foreclosures and land sales eventually resulted in the transfer of most of the land grants into the hands of Anglo-Americans (Cleland 1941).

Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) was eventually surveyed and was patented at 17,787 acres on February 4, 1875. Eleven years later, in February 1886, an entrepreneur from Iowa named Robert B. Taylor formed the South Riverside Land & Water Company and purchased 11,500 acres of Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) for $109,800. Taylor and his board of directors, composed of Des Moines and Sioux City, Iowa, investors Adolph Rimpau, A. S. Garretson, George L. Joy, and former Iowa governor Samuel Merrill, bought water rights in nearby Temescal Valley to irrigate their land, and hired Anaheim engineer H. Clay Kellogg to survey a townsite they called South Riverside. From a variety of potential plans, the board and Kellogg decided on a traditional grid of streets within a wide, circular thoroughfare, nearly one mile in diameter, called Grand Boulevard. Many lots in South Riverside were sold and the South Riverside post office was established in 1887 to serve the rapidly growing population. Grand Boulevard was soon lined with two-story mansions, schools, churches, and businesses. Most of the new residents owned or worked in the orange and lemon groves that were rapidly spreading across the acres of land surrounding the community (Freel 2011; Gunther 1984).

In 1887, just as South Riverside began to grow, the California Central Railroad Company (CCRR), a subsidiary of the Atchison, Topeka, & Santa Fe (AT&SF) Railroad, completed a line to Los Angeles from San Bernardino via Riverside, South Riverside, and Orange. In 1889, the CCRR and another AT&SF subsidiary, the California Southern Railroad Company, were merged into the Southern California Railway Company. which was purchased by the AT&SF in 1906 (Bryant 1974; Gunther 1984; Robertson 1998). The railroad tracks, which passed just north of the great circle formed by Grand Avenue, became the site of the city’s industrial buildings and citrus packing houses (Freel 2011). South Riverside was nicknamed “Queen Colony” and “Circle City” by many of its early citizens, who resented that its formal name implied that it was merely a suburb of Riverside, the larger city to the north. Around 1889, residents began to agitate for a change of name. A vote was held in 1894, with fanciful names like “Lemonton,” “Grevilla,” “Hesperides,” and “Circleville” up for choosing. The original name was retained until 1896, when on July 13, the settlement was incorporated as the City of Corona. The new name was the suggestion of Baron Harden Hickey, an adventurer, eccentric character, owner of the nearby Cerreto Ranch, and friend of the city’s founder, Robert Taylor. Immediately, the name of the local railroad station was changed from South Riverside to Corona, and the South Riverside Bee newspaper was renamed the Corona Courier. The post office was changed to Corona in 1897 (Gunther 1984). By the turn of the twentieth century, the population of Corona was more than 1,400. Five thousand acres of citrus groves covered the land surrounding the city by 1912, and the packing houses along the AT&SF tracks at the north end of town shipped more fruit than those of any other southern California city. By the 1950s, Corona was known as the “lemon capital of the world,” exporting lemon juice, citric acid, lemon oil, and pectin, in addition to whole lemons, all over the globe. The orange and lemon industries were the leading employers in the Corona area through the 1960s (Freel 2011).

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
After World War II, residential development began to spread from the City’s center into the citrus groves, as the value of real estate exceeded the potential profits from fruit crops. By the 1970s, housing tracts had displaced so many Corona lemon and orange groves that the demand for fruit could not be met by local harvests. Sunkist closed its Corona packing houses in 1982, and other producers soon followed. Agriculture has continued to diminish in the last three decades (Freel 2011). By 1954, the population of Corona was more than 11,000. State Route 91, the Riverside Freeway, cut through the north edge of the Grand Boulevard circle in 1962, initiating a period of growth and downtown renewal that lasted through the 1970s. I-15 was completed through the east side of the City in 1989. As suburban developments such as Corona Hills, Sierra del Oro, and South Corona have grown up around the original central town in recent years, the City has become a bedroom community (Freel 2011). The population of Corona is now over 160,000 (City of Corona 2018).

Roads in California
During the second half of the 19th century, a period of rapid railroad development in the United States, public roads in California and other western states became neglected and degraded. By 1900, “the nation with the greatest railway system in the world had the worst roads” (Johnson 1990:139). Interest in road building revived around the turn of the century when farmers and ranchers, many disillusioned with high railroad rates, began asking county officials for better surface roads. They were joined by millions of bicyclists who called for smoother roads in town and in the countryside. Joining forces, farmers, ranchers, and bicyclists organized local, state, and national “good roads” campaigns. In response, the federal government established the Office of Road Inquiry in the Department of Agriculture to study new road building techniques (Jackson 1998).

Dusty during summer months and muddy during the winter and spring, unpaved roads played havoc with wagons, carriages, and bicycles. Plank roads made from lumber first appeared in California during the 1850s. Gravel roads and macadam, a form of compacted gravel coated with oil, came into use during the late 19th century. Finally, after 1900, concrete roads topped by a mixture of bitumen, aggregate, and sand called asphalt became the standard modern road surface. Durable, smooth, and impervious to water, asphalt withstood winter weather, reduced vehicular wear and tear, and better facilitated drainage (Kostof 1992).

After 1910, as automobile usage surged, and as suburbanization occurred on the edges of town and cities in California and elsewhere, city planners began articulating a hierarchy of streets to distinguish residential roads, collector roads, arterial roads, and highways, each handling progressively higher volumes of traffic. Through the remainder of the twentieth century, as commercial and residential growth supplanted farms and ranches on the edges of California towns and cities, many rural county roads became adapted to suit the new suburban landscape. In many places, older two-lane rural roads became two- and four-lane suburban arterial streets lined with shopping centers and parking lots; others became two-lane collector streets lined with new residential subdivisions.

In 1936, the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), a New Deal program designed to boost mortgage lending in the United States, developed design standards for new suburban residential streets. FHA standards called for quieter streets with T-intersections, cul-de-sacs, and curvilinear patterns in an effort to slow traffic. With few exceptions, homebuilders in California and other western states after 1940 adhered to FHA standards; homebuilders also eliminated alleys behind residential properties in favor driveways leading to street-facing garages (Kostof 1992). After 1960, homebuilders also began creating large master planned suburban developments featuring winding arterial parkways deliberately separated from residential zones to permit higher speeds.

Roads in Corona
Roads first developed in Corona’s historic core on Grand Boulevard, a circle street that is 3 miles in circumference, 1 mile in diameter, and 100-feet wide. Two principal thoroughfares, Main Street (north–south) and Sixth Street (east– west), intersect at the center of the circle. Inside the circle, a grid of pedestrian-oriented, rectangular blocks and streets create neighborhoods and small commercial nodes. Most residential neighborhoods in the historic core contain single-family and low-density multifamily homes, most of which are accessed by rear alleys (City of Corona 2021).

Residential streets outside the historic core serve typical suburban neighborhoods built after World War II that are characterized by cul-de-sacs and wide curvilinear streets. Community-serving commercial centers exist at major street intersections of the primary entries and in most neighborhoods (City of Corona 2021).

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
Roads within the Project Area include West Ontario Avenue, Lincoln Avenue, Oak Avenue, and Buena Vista Avenue.

While Riverside County crews constructed all four roads circa 1920s, research found little indication that they shared an association with the Good Roads Movement that lasted until the late 1920s. A 1948 aerial image depicts all four roads in their current confirmation except for S. Lincoln Avenue which was realigned roughly 600 feet south of W.

Ontario Avenue in the 1990s. Riverside County paved all four roads during 1970s according to aerial images. From at least the 1940s to the 1960s, these roads served the surrounding agriculture activities but by 1970s and 1980s suburban single-family neighborhoods developed adjacent to these roads (City of Corona 2021; National Environmental Title Research LLC [NETR] 2023).

Evaluation
Oak Avenue (Resource OV-09) does not meet any of the criteria for listing in the NRHP or CRHR, or as a City of Corona Historic Landmark, either individually or as part of an existing historic district, as demonstrated below.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion A/1
Oak Avenue in Corona provided residents of Corona with access to other nearby rural communities in Riverside County. It did not, however, function as a major road for Corona residents because it was a one-lane dirt road until the 1970s. Furthermore, the construction of Oak Avenue also did not mark a milestone in the Good Roads Movement in Riverside County. There is nothing in the archival record to suggest that Oak Avenue is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of Riverside County history. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion A/1.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion B/2
Riverside County crews built and maintained Oak Avenue. However, there is nothing in the archival record to suggest that Oak Avenue is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion B/2.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion C/3
As a conventional two-lane suburban section line road, indistinguishable from multiple similar roads in Riverside County, Oak Avenue does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, represent the work of a master, possess high artistic values, or represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion C/3.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion D/4
The information potential of Oak Avenue is expressed in its built form and in the historical record. It has not yielded, nor is it likely to yield, information important in history or prehistory. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion D/4.

Integrity
Though Oak Avenue possesses integrity of location, the road has gone from a circa 1920s one-lane dirt road to a two-lane paved road with bike lanes. In addition, the setting has completely changed from heavily agricultural land to completely developed with single-family suburban tract homes. Therefore, the change in road design and surroundings have resulted in a lack of integrity of setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association.

Regardless of integrity, due to lack of historical significance, Oak Avenue does not meet NRHP or CRHR eligibility criteria as an individual resource or as part of any known or suspected historic district; the resource is not listed on any Certified Local Government historic property register.

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information

17.63.050 Corona Register – Landmark listing criteria.

Criterion A, 1. Though the subject road is greater than 50 years old, ECORP found no indication that the road is of exceptional importance.

Criterion A, 2. Though the subject road is reflective of road development in Corona, archival research failed to indicate anything significant or unique about its development history. The road was not the first or last of its type, and similar types exist throughout the region. Furthermore, research did not indicate that the subject road is associated with more specific events or patterns of development that have historical significance at the local level.

Criterion A, 3a. Though the subject road is reflective of transportation development in Corona, archival research failed to indicate anything significant or unique about the road’s development history. The road was not the first or last of its type, and similar types exist throughout the region. Furthermore, research did not indicate that the subject road is associated with more specific events or patterns of development that have historical significance at the local level.

Criterion A, 3b. As stated in the NRHP and CRHR evaluation above, the road is not associated with the lives of persons significant in Corona’s past.

Criterion A, 3c. As a conventional two-lane suburban road, indistinguishable from multiple similar roads in Riverside County, Oak Avenue does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, represent the work of a master, possess high artistic values, or represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction.

Criterion A, 3d. The subject road is a commonplace street in Corona, and there is no evidence that it reflects special elements of the city’s cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, architectural, or natural history.

Criterion A, 3e. Research found no evidence to suggest that the subject road is the work of a notable builder, designer, or architect.

Criterion A, 3f. The subject road represents a typical example of its type and does not exemplify one of the best remaining architectural styles or types in a neighborhood or contains outstanding elements of architectural design, detail, materials, or craftsmanship of a particular historic period.

Criterion A, 3g. The subject road is not in a unique location.

Criterion A, 3h. The subject road is not a potential source of archeological or paleontological interest.

Criterion A, 3i. There is no evidence that the subject road contains a natural setting or feature that strongly contributes to the well-being of the people of Corona.

Criterion A, 4. Though Oak Avenue possesses integrity of location, the road has gone from a circa 1920s one-lane dirt road to a two-lane paved road with bike lanes. In addition, the setting has completely changed from heavily agricultural land to completely developed with single-family suburban tract homes. Therefore, the change in road design and surroundings have resulted in a lack of integrity of setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association.

Regardless of integrity, due to lack of historical significance, Oak Avenue does not meet NRHP or CRHR eligibility criteria as an individual resource or as part of any known or suspected historic district; the resource is not listed on any Certified Local Government historic property register.

Criterion C. The subject road is not a reconstructed improvement.

Criterion D. The subject road is not a site, improvement, or natural feature that is intended to be primarily commemorative.

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
B12. References (continued):

City of Corona. 2021. 2020–2040 General Plan - Housing Element 2021-2029. November 3, 2021 _____. 2018. History of Corona, https://www.coronaca.gov/government/departments-divisions/library-recreationservices/library/heritage-room/history-of-corona. Accessed December 6, 2023.

Cleland, Robert G. 1941. The Cattle on a Thousand Hills: Southern California, 1850-1870. Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

Freel, G. S. 2011. The History of Corona. Corona Public Library, Corona, California.

Gunther, J. D. 1984. Riverside County, California, Place Names: Their Origins and Their Stories. Rubidoux Printing Co., Riverside, California.

Jackson, W. Turrentine. 1998. Roads and Highways. In The New Encyclopedia of the American West, edited by Howard R. Lamar. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.

Johnson, Hildegard Binder. 1990. Towards a National Landscape. In The Making of the American Landscape, edited by Michael P. Conzen. Routledge, New York.Koerper, H. C., P. Langenwalter II, A. Schroth. 1991. Early Holocene Adaptations and the Transition Problem: Evidence from the Allan O. Kelly Site, Agua Hedionda Lagoon. In Hunter-Gatherers of Early Holocene Coastal California, edited by J. M. Erlandson and R. H.

Colten, pp. 81-88. Perspectives in California Archaeology, Volume 1. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.

Kostof, Spiro. 1992. The City Assembled: The Elements of Urban Form Through History. Bulfinch Press, Boston, MA.

Monkkonen, Eric H. 1988. America Becomes Urban: The Development of U.S. Cities & Towns, 1780-1980. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.

Oak Avenue
ECORP: N:\2023\2023-213 Ontario Avenue Widening at Lincoln Ave\MAPS\Cultural_Resources\Ontario Ave CRM.aprx/CRM_DPR_LOCATION_Letter (2022)-mwilliams 12/12/2023 DPR 523J (1/95) *Required Information
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*Map Name: Corona South, CA and Corona North, CA *Scale: 1:24,000 *Date of Map:1994 (p.r.1997), 1975

Primary #
HRI #
Trinomial
State of California - The Resources Agency

DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION

LOCATION MAP

DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information
State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #
PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial
NRHP Status Code 6Z
Other Listings
Review Code Reviewer Date

P1. Other Identifier: Buena Vista Avenue
*P2. Location: ☐ Not for Publication ☒ Unrestricted *a. County: Riverside and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Corona South Date: 1967 T04S; R07W; Section 0 S.B.B.M. c. Address: City: Corona Zip: 92882
d. UTM: 11 S 445789 mE 3746568 mN
e. Other Locational Data: N/A
*P3a. Description:

Buena Vista Avenue (Resource OV-10) is an approximately 170-foot-long, north–south-oriented segment road in Corona. It is a 70-foot-wide, two-lane section of suburban road paved with asphalt. The road was built in c. 1920 and was paved during the 1970s. The western and eastern sides of the road include concrete gutters. It also features modern reflective speed bumps, reflective paint (including white side-stripes), and turn arrows. *P3b. Resource Attributes: HP37. Highway/trail
*P4. Resources Present: ☐ Building ☒ Structure ☐ Object ☐ Site ☐ District ☐ Element of District ☐ Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo:

Overview of Buena Vista Avenue
View northeast, May 6, 2023
*P6. Date Constructed/Age and
Sources:
☒ Historic ☐ Prehistoric ☐ Both
c. 1920 (Topographic Map)
*P7. Owner and Address:

Riverside County
4040 Lemon Street
Riverside, CA 92501
*P8. Recorded by:

Andrew Bursan
ECORP Consulting, Inc.
2861 Pullman Street
Santa Ana, CA 92705
*P9. Date Recorded:

December 6, 2023
*P10. Survey Type:

Intensive
*P11. Report Citation:

ECORP Consulting, Inc. 2023. Cultural Resources Investigation and Built Environment Evaluation for the Ontario Road Widening at Lincoln Avenue, Riverside County, California. Prepared for City of Corona *Attachments: ☐ NONE ☒ Location Map ☐ Sketch Map ☒ Continuation Sheet ☒ Building, Structure, and Object Record ☐ Archaeological Record ☐ District Record ☐ Linear Feature Record ☐ Milling Station Record ☐ Rock Art Record ☐ Artifact Record ☐ Photograph Record ☐ Other (List):

P5a. Photo or Drawing

DPR 523B (1/95) *Required information
State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#

BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD

*Resource Name or # OV-10
B1. Historic Name: Buena Vista Avenue
B2. Common Name: Buena Vista Avenue
B3. Original Use: Road B4. Present Use: Road
*B5. Architectural Style: N/A
*B6. Construction History:

N/A
*B7. Moved? ☒ No ☐ Yes ☐ Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: N/A
B9a. Architect: N/A b. Builder: N/A
*B10. Significance: Theme: Road Area: Corona
Period of Significance: 1920s Property Type: Road Applicable Criteria: N/A The following Significance Statement provides historic contexts to support an evaluation of OV-10 using National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), California Register of Historic Resources (CRHR), and City of Corona Historic Landmark criteria. (See continuation sheet)
B11. Additional Resource Attributes: N/A
*B12. References:
(See continuation sheet)
B13. Remarks: None
*B14. Evaluator:

Andrew Bursan
ECORP Consulting, Inc.
2861 Pullman Street
Santa Ana, CA 92705
*Date of Evaluation: December 7, 2023
(This space reserved for official comments.)

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
B10. Significance (continued):

Historic Context
City of Corona History
As early as 1825, brothers Bernardo and Tomás Yorba used the land encompassing the Project area for cattle grazing, calling it La Sierra, although they held no legal title. In 1846, shortly before California became part of the United States, Mexican Governor Pio Pico signed two grants for adjacent lands along the Santa Ana River, dividing La Sierra in two: Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) and Rancho La Sierra (Sepulveda). These grants, to Bernardo Yorba and Tomás Yorba’s widow, Doña Vicenta Sepulveda, respectively, comprised a total of eight leagues (approximately 35,560 acres). Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) consisted of the southwestern half of the former La Sierra, and Rancho La Sierra (Sepulveda) comprised the northeastern half. The present-day city of Corona is situated on former Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) land (Gunther 1984). The Mexican Period, which began with independence from Spain in 1821, continued until the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848. The American period began when the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed between Mexico and the United States in 1848. As a result of the treaty, Alta California became part of the United States as the Territory of California. Rapid population increase occasioned by the Gold Rush of 1849 led to statehood in 1850. Most Mexican land grants were confirmed to the grantees by U.S. courts, but usually with more restricted boundaries which were surveyed by the U.S. Surveyor General’s office. Floods and drought in the 1860s greatly reduced the cattle herds on the ranchos, making it difficult for their owners to pay the new American taxes on their thousands of acres. Many Mexican-American cattle ranchers borrowed money at usurious rates from newly arrived Anglo-Americans. Foreclosures and land sales eventually resulted in the transfer of most of the land grants into the hands of Anglo-Americans (Cleland 1941).

Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) was eventually surveyed and was patented at 17,787 acres on February 4, 1875. Eleven years later, in February 1886, an entrepreneur from Iowa named Robert B. Taylor formed the South Riverside Land & Water Company and purchased 11,500 acres of Rancho La Sierra (Yorba) for $109,800. Taylor and his board of directors, composed of Des Moines and Sioux City, Iowa, investors Adolph Rimpau, A. S. Garretson, George L. Joy, and former Iowa governor Samuel Merrill, bought water rights in nearby Temescal Valley to irrigate their land, and hired Anaheim engineer H. Clay Kellogg to survey a townsite they called South Riverside. From a variety of potential plans, the board and Kellogg decided on a traditional grid of streets within a wide, circular thoroughfare, nearly one mile in diameter, called Grand Boulevard. Many lots in South Riverside were sold and the South Riverside post office was established in 1887 to serve the rapidly growing population. Grand Boulevard was soon lined with two-story mansions, schools, churches, and businesses. Most of the new residents owned or worked in the orange and lemon groves that were rapidly spreading across the acres of land surrounding the community (Freel 2011; Gunther 1984).

In 1887, just as South Riverside began to grow, the California Central Railroad Company (CCRR), a subsidiary of the Atchison, Topeka, & Santa Fe (AT&SF) Railroad, completed a line to Los Angeles from San Bernardino via Riverside, South Riverside, and Orange. In 1889, the CCRR and another AT&SF subsidiary, the California Southern Railroad Company, were merged into the Southern California Railway Company. which was purchased by the AT&SF in 1906 (Bryant 1974; Gunther 1984; Robertson 1998). The railroad tracks, which passed just north of the great circle formed by Grand Avenue, became the site of the city’s industrial buildings and citrus packing houses (Freel 2011). South Riverside was nicknamed “Queen Colony” and “Circle City” by many of its early citizens, who resented that its formal name implied that it was merely a suburb of Riverside, the larger city to the north. Around 1889, residents began to agitate for a change of name. A vote was held in 1894, with fanciful names like “Lemonton,” “Grevilla,” “Hesperides,” and “Circleville” up for choosing. The original name was retained until 1896, when on July 13, the settlement was incorporated as the City of Corona. The new name was the suggestion of Baron Harden Hickey, an adventurer, eccentric character, owner of the nearby Cerreto Ranch, and friend of the city’s founder, Robert Taylor. Immediately, the name of the local railroad station was changed from South Riverside to Corona, and the South Riverside Bee newspaper was renamed the Corona Courier. The post office was changed to Corona in 1897 (Gunther 1984). By the turn of the twentieth century, the population of Corona was more than 1,400. Five thousand acres of citrus groves covered the land surrounding the city by 1912, and the packing houses along the AT&SF tracks at the north end of town shipped more fruit than those of any other southern California city. By the 1950s, Corona was known as the “lemon capital of the world,” exporting lemon juice, citric acid, lemon oil, and pectin, in addition to whole lemons, all over the globe. The orange and lemon industries were the leading employers in the Corona area through the 1960s (Freel 2011).

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
After World War II, residential development began to spread from the City’s center into the citrus groves, as the value of real estate exceeded the potential profits from fruit crops. By the 1970s, housing tracts had displaced so many Corona lemon and orange groves that the demand for fruit could not be met by local harvests. Sunkist closed its Corona packing houses in 1982, and other producers soon followed. Agriculture has continued to diminish in the last three decades (Freel 2011). By 1954, the population of Corona was more than 11,000. State Route 91, the Riverside Freeway, cut through the north edge of the Grand Boulevard circle in 1962, initiating a period of growth and downtown renewal that lasted through the 1970s. I-15 was completed through the east side of the City in 1989. As suburban developments such as Corona Hills, Sierra del Oro, and South Corona have grown up around the original central town in recent years, the City has become a bedroom community (Freel 2011). The population of Corona is now over 160,000 (City of Corona 2018).

Roads in California
During the second half of the 19th century, a period of rapid railroad development in the United States, public roads in California and other western states became neglected and degraded. By 1900, “the nation with the greatest railway system in the world had the worst roads” (Johnson 1990:139). Interest in road building revived around the turn of the century when farmers and ranchers, many disillusioned with high railroad rates, began asking county officials for better surface roads. They were joined by millions of bicyclists who called for smoother roads in town and in the countryside. Joining forces, farmers, ranchers, and bicyclists organized local, state, and national “good roads” campaigns. In response, the federal government established the Office of Road Inquiry in the Department of Agriculture to study new road building techniques (Jackson 1998).

Dusty during summer months and muddy during the winter and spring, unpaved roads played havoc with wagons, carriages, and bicycles. Plank roads made from lumber first appeared in California during the 1850s. Gravel roads and macadam, a form of compacted gravel coated with oil, came into use during the late 19th century. Finally, after 1900, concrete roads topped by a mixture of bitumen, aggregate, and sand called asphalt became the standard modern road surface. Durable, smooth, and impervious to water, asphalt withstood winter weather, reduced vehicular wear and tear, and better facilitated drainage (Kostof 1992).

After 1910, as automobile usage surged, and as suburbanization occurred on the edges of town and cities in California and elsewhere, city planners began articulating a hierarchy of streets to distinguish residential roads, collector roads, arterial roads, and highways, each handling progressively higher volumes of traffic. Through the remainder of the twentieth century, as commercial and residential growth supplanted farms and ranches on the edges of California towns and cities, many rural county roads became adapted to suit the new suburban landscape. In many places, older two-lane rural roads became two- and four-lane suburban arterial streets lined with shopping centers and parking lots; others became two-lane collector streets lined with new residential subdivisions.

In 1936, the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), a New Deal program designed to boost mortgage lending in the United States, developed design standards for new suburban residential streets. FHA standards called for quieter streets with T-intersections, cul-de-sacs, and curvilinear patterns in an effort to slow traffic. With few exceptions, homebuilders in California and other western states after 1940 adhered to FHA standards; homebuilders also eliminated alleys behind residential properties in favor driveways leading to street-facing garages (Kostof 1992). After 1960, homebuilders also began creating large master planned suburban developments featuring winding arterial parkways deliberately separated from residential zones to permit higher speeds.

Roads in Corona
Roads first developed in Corona’s historic core on Grand Boulevard, a circle street that is 3 miles in circumference, 1 mile in diameter, and 100-feet wide. Two principal thoroughfares, Main Street (north–south) and Sixth Street (east– west), intersect at the center of the circle. Inside the circle, a grid of pedestrian-oriented, rectangular blocks and streets create neighborhoods and small commercial nodes. Most residential neighborhoods in the historic core contain single-family and low-density multifamily homes, most of which are accessed by rear alleys (City of Corona 2021).

Residential streets outside the historic core serve typical suburban neighborhoods built after World War II that are characterized by cul-de-sacs and wide curvilinear streets. Community-serving commercial centers exist at major street intersections of the primary entries and in most neighborhoods (City of Corona 2021).

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
Roads within the Project Area include West Ontario Avenue, Lincoln Avenue, Oak Avenue, and Buena Vista Avenue.

While Riverside County crews constructed all four roads circa 1920s, research found little indication that they shared an association with the Good Roads Movement that lasted until the late 1920s. A 1948 aerial image depicts all four roads in their current confirmation except for S. Lincoln Avenue which was realigned roughly 600 feet south of W.

Ontario Avenue in the 1990s. Riverside County paved all four roads during 1970s according to aerial images. From at least the 1940s to the 1960s, these roads served the surrounding agriculture activities but by 1970s and 1980s suburban single-family neighborhoods developed adjacent to these roads (City of Corona 2021; National Environmental Title Research LLC [NETR] 2023).

Evaluation
Buena Vista Avenue (Resource OV-10) does not meet any of the criteria for listing in the NRHP or CRHR, or as a City of Corona Historic Landmark, either individually or as part of an existing historic district, as demonstrated below.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion A/1
Buena Vista Avenue in Corona provided residents of Corona with access to other nearby rural communities in Riverside County. It did not, however, function as a major road for Corona residents because it was a one-lane dirt road until the 1970s. Furthermore, the construction of Buena Vista Avenue also did not mark a milestone in the Good Roads Movement in Riverside County. There is nothing in the archival record to suggest that Buena Vista Avenue is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of Riverside County history. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion A/1.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion B/2
Riverside County crews built and maintained Beuna Vista Avenue. However, there is nothing in the archival record to suggest that Buena Vista Avenue is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion B/2.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion C/3
As a conventional two-lane suburban road, indistinguishable from multiple similar roads in Riverside County, Buena Vista Avenue does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values, or represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion C/3.

NRHP/CRHR Criterion D/4
The information potential of Buena Vista Avenue is expressed in its built form and in the historical record. It has not yielded, nor is it likely to yield, information important in history or prehistory. It is not eligible for the NRHP/CRHR under Criterion D/4.

Integrity
Though Buena Vista Avenue possesses integrity of location, the road has gone from a circa 1920s one-lane dirt road to a two-lane paved road with bike lanes. In addition, the setting has completely changed from heavily agricultural land to completely developed with single-family suburban tract homes. Therefore, the change in road design and surroundings have resulted in a lack of integrity of setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association.

Regardless of integrity, due to lack of historical significance, Buena Vista Avenue does not meet NRHP or CRHR eligibility criteria as an individual resource or as part of any known or suspected historic district; the resource is not listed on any Certified Local Government historic property register.

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information

17.63.050 Corona Register – Landmark listing criteria.

Criterion A, 1. Though the subject road is greater than 50 years old, ECORP found no indication that the road is of exceptional importance.

Criterion A, 2. Though the subject road is reflective of road development in Corona, archival research failed to indicate anything significant or unique about its development history. The road was not the first or last of its type, and similar types exist throughout the region. Furthermore, research did not indicate that the subject road is associated with more specific events or patterns of development that have historical significance at the local level.

Criterion A, 3a. Though the subject road is reflective of transportation development in Corona, archival research failed to indicate anything significant or unique about the road’s development history. The road was not the first or last of its type, and similar types exist throughout the region. Furthermore, research did not indicate that the subject road is associated with more specific events or patterns of development that have historical significance at the local level.

Criterion A, 3b. As stated in the NRHP and CRHR evaluation above, the road is not associated with the lives of persons significant in Corona’s past.

Criterion A, 3c. As a conventional two-lane suburban section line road, indistinguishable from multiple similar roads in Riverside County, Buena Vista Avenue does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, represent the work of a master, possess high artistic values, or represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction.

Criterion A, 3d. The subject road is a commonplace street in Corona, and there is no evidence that it reflects special elements of the city’s cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, architectural, or natural history.

Criterion A, 3e. Research found no evidence to suggest that the subject road is the work of a notable builder, designer, or architect.

Criterion A, 3f. The subject road represents a typical example of its type and does not exemplify one of the best remaining architectural styles or types in a neighborhood, nor does it contain outstanding elements of architectural design, detail, materials or craftsmanship of a particular historic period Criterion A, 3g. The subject road is not in a unique location Criterion A, 3h. The subject road is not a potential source of archeological or paleontological interest.

Criterion A, 3i. There is no evidence that the subject road contains a natural setting or feature that strongly contributes to the well-being of the people of Corona.

Criterion A, 4. Though Buena Vista Avenue possesses integrity of location, the road has gone from a circa 1920s one-lane dirt road to a two-lane paved road with bike lanes. In addition, the setting has completely changed from heavily agricultural land to completely developed with single-family suburban tract homes. Therefore, the change in road design and surroundings have resulted in a lack of integrity of setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association.

Regardless of integrity, due to lack of historical significance, Buena Vista Avenue does not meet NRHP or CRHR eligibility criteria as an individual resource or as part of any known or suspected historic district; the resource is not listed on any Certified Local Government historic property register.

Criterion C. The subject road is not a reconstructed improvement.

Criterion D. The subject road is not a site, improvement, or natural feature that is intended to be primarily commemorative.

State of California  The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

*Recorded by: Andrew Bursan *Date: 1/24/2024  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
B12. References (continued):

City of Corona. 2021. 2020–2040 General Plan - Housing Element 2021-2029. November 3, 2021 _____. 2018. History of Corona, https://www.coronaca.gov/government/departments-divisions/library-recreationservices/library/heritage-room/history-of-corona. Accessed December 6, 2023.

Cleland, Robert G. 1941. The Cattle on a Thousand Hills: Southern California, 1850-1870. Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

Freel, G. S. 2011. The History of Corona. Corona Public Library, Corona, California.

Gunther, J. D. 1984. Riverside County, California, Place Names: Their Origins and Their Stories. Rubidoux Printing Co., Riverside, California.

Jackson, W. Turrentine. 1998. Roads and Highways. In The New Encyclopedia of the American West, edited by Howard R. Lamar. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.

Johnson, Hildegard Binder. 1990. Towards a National Landscape. In The Making of the American Landscape, edited by Michael P. Conzen. Routledge, New York.Koerper, H. C., P. Langenwalter II, A. Schroth. 1991. Early Holocene Adaptations and the Transition Problem: Evidence from the Allan O. Kelly Site, Agua Hedionda Lagoon. In Hunter-Gatherers of Early Holocene Coastal California, edited by J. M. Erlandson and R. H.

Colten, pp. 81-88. Perspectives in California Archaeology, Volume 1. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.

Kostof, Spiro. 1992. The City Assembled: The Elements of Urban Form Through History. Bulfinch Press, Boston, MA.

Monkkonen, Eric H. 1988. America Becomes Urban: The Development of U.S. Cities & Towns, 1780-1980. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.

Buena Vista
Avenue
ECORP: N:\2023\2023-213 Ontario Avenue Widening at Lincoln Ave\MAPS\Cultural_Resources\Ontario Ave CRM.aprx/CRM_DPR_LOCATION_Letter (2022)-mwilliams 12/12/2023 DPR 523J (1/95) *Required Information
0 250 500 1,000 Meters
0 1,000 2,000 4,000 Feet
I
*Map Name: Corona South, CA and Corona North, CA *Scale: 1:24,000 *Date of Map:1994 (p.r.1997), 1975

Primary #
HRI #
Trinomial
State of California - The Resources Agency

DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION

LOCATION MAP

ADDENDUM TO THE CORONA GENERAL PLAN TECHNICAL UPDATE EIR FOR THE WEST ONTARIO AVENUE WIDENING

PROJECT

CITY OF CORONA
Appendix
August 2024 Page 25
Appendix D. Ontario Avenue Widening Vehicle
Miles Traveled (VMT) Analysis Memorandum

3750 University Avenue | Suite 225 | Riverside, CA 92501 | (949) 308-6300 | Fax (949) 859-3209 www.fehrandpeers.com
Memorandum
Date: July 17, 2024
To: Paul Mittica, Mark Thomas
From: Paul Herrmann, P.E.

Shane Russell
Subject: Ontario Avenue Widening Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Analysis Memorandum OC23-0995
Fehr & Peers has completed a Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) assessment for the proposed Ontario Avenue widening (Project) in Corona, California. The Project is proposing an amendment to the adopted City of Corona General Plan (2020). This assessment compares VMT generated by the proposed Project to VMT generated by the City’s previously adopted General Plan to determine if the Project would substantially increase VMT. This VMT analysis is consistent with requirements of Senate Bill 743 (SB 743), the Office of Planning and Research’s (OPR’s) Technical Advisory on Evaluating Transportation Impacts in CEQA (2018), and the Corona Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis Guidelines (City’s VMT Guidelines) (2019), and the Corona General Plan Technical Update Draft Environmental Impact Report (Corona GPU DEIR) (2019).

Project Description
The Project proposes to widen Ontario Avenue in the City of Corona. The Project limits extend from Oak Avenue to Buena Vista Avenue. The Project will be implemented as follows:
• Widen Ontario Avenue from Oak Avenue to Lincoln Avenue from four to five lanes; one additional through lane proposed going eastbound (three through lanes total) and a merging lane going westbound (two through lanes total)
• Widen Ontario Avenue from Lincoln Avenue to Conejo Street from two lanes to three lanes going eastbound (three through lanes total)
• Widen Ontario Avenue from Buena Vista Avenue to Glenhaven Drive from two to three lanes going westbound (three through lanes)

Paul Mittica
July 17, 2024

VMT Assessment
Fehr & Peers prepared VMT forecasts to evaluate scenarios with and without the Project using the County’s travel demand forecasting model, as described below in the modeling methodology.

Fehr & Peers coded the Project into the model roadway network to measure Citywide VMT with and without the Project under baseline and General Plan Buildout conditions.

VMT forecasts were prepared using the Origin/Destination (OD) Method (consistent with the way VMT was presented in the Corona GPU DEIR) and using the Boundary Method (consistent with the recommended method in the City’s VMT Guidelines for transportation infrastructure projects).

Modeling Methodology
Per the City’s VMT Guidelines, VMT forecasts were prepared using the most appropriate travel demand forecasting model, the Riverside County Transportation Model (RIVCOM). Western Riverside County Council of Government’s (WRCOG) developed RIVCOM as a subarea model from the Southern California Association of Government (SCAG) model, which is consistent with Connect SoCal 2020, SCAG’s 2020 Regional Transportation Plan and Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS). RIVCOM uses a model base year of 2018 and future year of 2045 and is the most appropriate model for VMT analysis of the Project as it contains the most recent land use and roadway information.

Fehr & Peers reviewed the model base year and future year roadway network and SocioEconomic Land Use Data (SED) within the City Limits. The 2045 SED was updated to account for all pending and approved development projects in the City of Corona, as directed by City staff.

As recommended in the RIVCOM model documentation, model assignment parameters were set to run up-to 10 loops with a minimum convergence criterion of 0.01.

Origin/Destination (OD) Method VMT
The OD method for calculating VMT sums all weekday VMT generated by trips with at least one trip end in the study area and tracks those trips to their estimated origins/destinations. The OD method is completed after the final loops of assignment in the travel demand model (after person trips have been converted to total vehicle trips). Origins are all vehicle trips that start in a specific traffic analysis zone, and destinations are all vehicle trips that end in a specific traffic analysis

Paul Mittica
July 17, 2024

zone. OD VMT is typically presented as total VMT or as total VMT per Service Population (VMT/SP) (SP is the sum of population and employment within an area).

Consistent with the analysis prepared for the Corona GPU DEIR, cumulative OD VMT forecasts (with and without project) were prepared for the following areas:
• City of Corona,
• City’s Sphere of Influence (SOI)
• Total City + SOI
OD VMT forecasts are presented in Table 1.

Boundary Method VMT
The Boundary Method is the sum of all weekday VMT (volume on each roadway segment times the segment length) on a roadway network within a designated boundary. Boundary method VMT estimates VMT by multiplying the number of trips on each roadway segment by the length of each segment. This approach consists of all trips, including those trips that do not begin or end in the designated boundary and is another way to summarize VMT. This is the only VMT method that captures the effect of cut-through and/or displaced traffic.

The boundary utilized in the assessment below is the Corona City Limits Boundary as recommended in the City’s VMT Guidelines. Because the Project resides near the edge of the City Limits Boundary, additional boundaries based on the average trip length to the Project location were applied consistent with OPR’s recommendation. To provide a complete assessment of the Project’s effect on VMT, the average trip length boundary (5.6 miles) and double the average trip length boundary (11.2 miles) are also presented.

Fehr & Peers used StreetLight Data to determine the average trip length of trips on Ontario Avenue at the Project location. Streetlight data uses anonymous in-vehicle navigation system data and some cell phone location-based services data that can be aggregated together to obtain trip estimates and trip lengths.

Boundary VMT forecasts were prepared for the following scenarios (as shown in Table 2):
• Model Base Year (2018) No Project (without widening)
• Model Base Year (2018) Plus Project (with widening)
• Future Year (2045) No Project (without widening)
• Future Year (2045) Plus Project (with widening)

Paul Mittica
July 17, 2024

• Notice of Preparation (NOP) Year (2023) No Project (without widening) – Interpolated between model base year (2018) and future year (2045)
• NOP Year (2023) Plus Project (with widening) – Interpolated between model base year (2018) and future year (2045)
Conclusion
The Project would widen Ontario Avenue and add approximately 0.74 lane miles of additional capacity. Fehr & Peers prepared VMT forecasts using two methodologies to evaluate the Project’s potential to induce VMT.

The OD VMT forecasts within the City and SOI decrease by a small margin, indicating that the Project improves an existing bottleneck and makes travel slightly more efficient for Corona residents and employees. The Boundary VMT forecasts are incrementally higher with the Project, indicating that the Project would contribute to improving regional travel through Corona.

Since the Project is forecast to increase Boundary VMT by only as much as 0.05%, the Project would not substantially increase VMT. In addition, since the OD VMT forecasts show a decrease in VMT and VMT/SP as compared to the adopted general plan, such that the project would not worsen the previously identified transportation impact in the Corona GPU DEIR.

3750 University Avenue | Suite 225 | Riverside, CA 92501 | (949) 308-6300 | Fax (949) 859-3209 www.fehrandpeers.com Table 1: OD VMT Analysis
Boundary Population Employment
Service
Population
Approved General
Plan (4 Lanes)
Proposed Amendment
(6 Lanes) Change in VMT
Total VMT VMT/SP Total VMT VMT/SP Total VMT VMT/SP
City of Corona 182,465 91,326 273,791 11,112,259 40.59 11,110,454 40.58 -1,805 -0.01 SOI 45,108 9,608 54,716 2,011,187 36.76 2,010,737 36.75 -451 -0.01 Total City + SOI 227,573 100,934 328,507 13,123,446 39.95 13,121,191 39.94 -2,256 -0.01 Source: RIVCOM
Table 2: Boundary VMT Analysis
Boundary
Base Year
(2018) No
Project
Base Year
(2018) Plus
Project
Change
in VMT
Future Year
(2045) No
Project
Future Year
(2045) Plus
Project
Change
in VMT
NOP Year
(2023) No
Project1
NOP Year
(2023) Plus
Project1
Change
in VMT
Citywide Boundary 4,042,000 4,042,847 0.02% 4,474,027 4,744,329 0.05% 4,171,634 4,172,751 0.03%

5.6 Mile Radius 6,783,745 6,784,960 0.02% 7,881,916 7,885,209 0.04% 6,987,110 6,988,710 0.02%

11.2 Mile Radius 16,428,395 16,434,481 0.04% 21,547,697 21,557,071 0.04% 17,376,414 17,383,109 0.04% Notes:

NOP Year (2023) VMT estimates were interpolated between Base Year (2018) and Future Year (2045).

Source: RIVCOM

8 EXHIBIT “B”

GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT
GPA2022-0002
(SEE ATTACHED 4 PAGES)

CIRCULATION
Figure CE-1
Roadway Plan

PlaceWorks

ADDENDUM TO THE CORONA GENERAL PLAN TECHNICAL UPDATE EIR FOR THE WEST ONTARIO AVENUE WIDENING PROJECT

CITY OF CORONA
Source: City of Corona 2019.
0 Scale (Miles)
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Existing Proposed

BUTTERFIELD DR RINCON ST

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91 CALIFORNIA
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CALIFORNIA
Project Site
Figure 6 - Existing and Proposed Roadway Plan
15 CIRCULATION

Figure CE-1
Roadway Plan
Freeway
Major Arterial 6 Lane
Major Arterial 4 Lane
Mixed Use Boulevard 4
Lane Divided/Undivided
Secondary 4 Lane
Collector
Special Residential
City Boundary
Sphere of Influence Areas
Proposed
Project Boundary
15 CIRCULATION
Figure CE-1
Roadway Plan
Freeway
Major Arterial 6 Lane
Major Arterial 4 Lane
Mixed Use Boulevard 4
Lane Divided/Undivided
Secondary 4 Lane
Collector
Special Residential
City Boundary
Sphere of Influence Areas
Existing
Project Boundary
Project Site

CORONA GENERAL PLAN 2020-2040 | PS-1
Public Safety

INTRODUCTION
Protecting public health and safety is a fundamental mission of the City of Corona.

While most people are familiar with the police and fire personnel who respond to emergencies, Corona engages in many less visible functions to protect people from natural and human-caused disasters. Building codes, ordinances, transportation route planning, and hazardous materials management efforts are all critical programs that protect property, life, and safety. Indeed, the City’s long-term vision cannot be fully achieved unless the public’s health and safety can be assured.

Like most California cities, Corona has an array of natural and human-caused hazards.

With the many waterways traversing the City, the risk of flooding is a concern. While the hillsides that surround the City offer scenic views, they are also subject to wildfires during summer weather or mudslides during storm events. Corona is also susceptible to earthquakes due to the fault zones crossing the city as well as geologic hazards associated with its topography and soil conditions. Activities associated with commerce and the City's transportation network all present safety hazards as well.

Consistent with its vision, the City of Corona’s efforts to protect the health and safety of the public and business community is guided by the following statement:

Corona is committed to protecting residents, businesses, and visitors from natural and human-induced hazards. The City is also committed to rebuilding from emergencies or disasters in a manner that efficiently and safety returns quality of life to Corona. Residents and visitors will feel safe in their homes, neighborhoods, and public places. Community and regional resources—public, private, and nonprofit—will work together to ensure the safety of all residents and to minimize the disruption caused by emergencies and disasters. By implementing appropriate protocols and programs, the City will become safer, more resilient, and prosperous in return.

For Corona to continue as a desirable place to live and work, the City must continue to comprehensively address the public health and safety needs of its residents, businesses, institutions, and visitors. To achieve the vision of the general plan, this public safety element therefore sets forth proactive and coordinated programs to protect against foreseeable natural and human-caused hazards. As the policies and actions are progressively implemented, the City will be increasingly less impacted by hazards, and in the process, become more self-reliant, sustainable, and prosperous.

PUBLIC SAFETY
PS-2 | CORONA GENERAL PLAN 2020-2040
Scope of Element
California State law, specifically the Government Code § 65302(1), requires that each city prepare and adopt a safety element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risks associated with a wide variety of natural and manmade hazards. This legislation encompasses a wide range of safety hazards commonly found in communities, including climate change hazards. This element addresses:
» Natural Hazards. Natural hazards include a range of seismic and geologic hazards, flooding hazards, wildland and urban fire hazards, and severe weather, most of which are caused by inclement weather or natural events. » Human-Caused Hazards. These include air pollution, hazardous materials, and aviation hazards that are caused by human activities. Other transportation- and public safety hazards are addressed in other elements of the general plan. » Emergency Response and Preparedness. This refers to the range of procedures, methods, protocols, and staff the City of Corona uses to response and prepare for emergencies and disasters, respond to them, and recover from them.

This public safety element is intended to: 1) recognize the local hazards associated with Corona’s environment, and 2) identify methods to manage these risks and protect people, property, infrastructure, and structures from harm.

Related Plans
Corona’s public safety element is implemented by various strategic plans that protect the community from individual hazards. Some of these plans are provided by the City; others are provided by other organizations.
» Police Department Strategic Plan. The Corona Police Department prepares an annual police strategic plan that contains an assessment of safety in Corona, staffing and resource allocation, and sets short and long-range goals for the future.

The plan is also used evaluate outcomes and progress to meet department goals. » Fire Department Strategic Plan. The Corona Fire Department prepares an annual fire department strategic plan that sets short and long-range goals for its operations, training, and other safety outcomes. These outcomes are based on best practice, periodic organizational reviews, and city needs. » Emergency Operations Plan. Corona’s EOP is intended to address the City’s planned response to extraordinary emergency situations associated with natural disasters, technological incidents, and national security emergencies. The plan addresses potential large-scale disasters requiring unusual emergency response. » Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP). Corona’s LHMP identifies hazards and establishes a plan to prepare for emergencies and prevent or mitigate potential impacts. The City Council adopted its 2017 LHMP, and this general plan references and is consistent with the goals, policies, and programs specified therein. » The LHMP for the City of Corona planning area was developed in accordance with the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) and followed Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 2011 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan guidance. The

PUBLIC SAFETY
CORONA GENERAL PLAN 2020-2040 | PS-3
LHMP incorporates a process where hazards are identified and profiled, the people and facilities at risk are analyzed, and mitigation actions are developed to reduce or eliminate risk. The implementation of these mitigation actions, which include both short-term and long-term strategies, involve planning, policy changes, programs, mitigation projects, and other activities. The County of Riverside Operational Area Multi-Jurisdictional LHMP can be found here. MJLHMP 8.7.23.pdf (rivcoready.org)
The next sections provide context for each safety hazard presented, followed by goals and policies to achieve the general plan vision.

SEISMIC AND GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
Corona’s location and underlying geology make it susceptible to seismic and geologic hazards. Corona is situated between two active fault zones—the Whittier-Elsinore Fault Zone and the San Jacinto Fault Zone. Other potentially active faults nearby include the San Jose, Cucamonga, Sierra Madre, Newport-Inglewood, and San Andreas. While the City has not experienced a major earthquake, it is prudent to plan for such to minimize potential damage to the community, injury, and loss of life. The primary seismic and geologic hazards in Corona are summarized below.

Seismic Hazards
Seismic activity has been known to cause ground displacement along a fault or within the general vicinity of a fault zone. Surface rupturing could damage or destroy infrastructure, pipelines, roads, and bridges. Much of the western portion of the city extending southeast through the SOI is within a fault zone. Two active surface faults— the Chino Fault and Glen Ivy segment of the Elsinore Fault—could produce earthquakes of 7M, causing surface ground ruptures. Areas with known surface rupture hazards are identified as Alquist Priolo Special Study Zones. Primary ground rupture can also be expected to spread out into secondary areas.

Ground shaking refers to the motion of the Earth’s surface from an earthquake. Ground shaking is responsible for the majority of damage from earthquakes and can damage or destroy buildings, structures, pipelines, and infrastructure. The intensity of shaking depends on the type of fault, distance to the epicenter, magnitude of the earthquake, and subsurface geology. The Elsinore Fault is the dominant active fault and is capable of producing a 6.8 to 7.0 M earthquake. The greatest severity of ground shaking would occur in central Corona, Temescal Valley, and northern Corona.

Liquefaction happens when strong ground shaking causes soils that are saturated with groundwater to lose strength and behave more like a liquid than a solid. Where liquefaction occurs, the ground may give way, causing damage or destroying structures, foundations, and infrastructure. Susceptibility to liquefaction depends on the strength and duration of ground shaking, soil characteristics, and depth to the groundwater. Loose, granular materials at depths of less than 50 feet, with silt or clay contents below 30 percent, and saturated by groundwater are most susceptible. Areas at moderate-to-high risk run the entire length of Corona in areas north of SR-91.

DATE: 02/10/2025
TO: Honorable Chair and Commissioners
FROM: Planning and Development Department
2025-51
APPLICATION REQUEST:

GPA2024-0002: A General Plan Amendment to revise the Citywide Roadway Plan within the Circulation Element of the General Plan to reflect a change in the Roadway Classification for a portion of West Ontario Avenue from “Major Arterial 4 Lane” to “Major Arterial 6 Lane,” as well as revise the Public Safety Element of the General Plan to include an updated definition and description for the City’s adopted Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP). (Applicant: City of Corona, 400 South Vicentia Avenue, Corona, CA 92882) RECOMMENDED ACTION:

That the Planning and Housing Commission adopt Resolution No. 2659 granting GPA2024- 0002 as part of Cycle II of General Plan Amendments for 2025, and recommend that the City Council: (1) approve GPA2024-0002, based on the findings contained in the staff report; (2) adopt the Addendum to the certified General Plan Environmental Impact Report; and (3) find that GPA2024-0002 be exempted from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Section 15061 (b)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines.

BACKGROUND
General Plan Amendment 2024-0002 (GPA2024-0002) proposes revisions to the Public Safety and Circulation Elements of the City’s adopted General Plan. The amendment to the Circulation Element is a result of the city’s West Ontario Avenue Widening Project, a City Capital Improvement Project (CIP) to expand a segment of Ontario Avenue from its present four lane configuration to six lanes (three on each side) over an approximately four-block stretch (approximately 20.13 acres) of West Ontario Road between Via Pacifica to the west and Taylor Avenue to the east (Exhibit 2).

The widening would be coupled with varied infrastructure improvements, including the placement of new raised center-medians, streetlights, curb and gutter. Most of West Ontario Road is improved to six lanes moving east-west through the City, and so the narrowing of lanes within the project area causes slowdowns or a diversion of traffic onto surrounding streets. The expansion is intended to alleviate an existing traffic bottleneck within the project area, complete the missing aforesaid roadside infrastructure, and broadly create homogeneity and continuity in the design of vehicular and pedestrian infrastructure.

The West Ontario Avenue Widening Project was initially heard by the City Council at a noticed public hearing conducted on September 21, 2022, and subsequently on October 19, 2022. Since those proceedings, two outreach meetings have been conducted by the Public Works Department on March 21, 2024, and May 18, 2024, respectively. The feedback received from the attending public has been incorporated into the design of the project. For the development project to move forward to implementation, the subject GPA must be approved.

The amendment to the Public Safety Element is a result of the city’s updated Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), which was adopted by the City Council on August 7, 2024.

According to the Disaster Mitigation Act, the purpose of the LHMP is to identify and foster preparedness among local agencies against natural and human-caused disasters. The LHMP outlines programs and strategies to reduce or eliminate the aforementioned risks.

Additionally, the city is eligible to receive certain federal disaster relief funds from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) if it has an adopted LHMP.

Although not required, Assembly Bill (AB) 2140 encourages local agencies to incorporate local LHMPs into the Safety Element of the agency’s General Plan. Doing so, the agency would become eligible for part or all its local-share costs for eligible Public Assistance funding (including disaster relief) as provided by the State through the California Disaster Assistance Act (CDAA). The subject GPA would bring the Public Safety Element and LHMP into compliance with AB 2140.

PROPOSED AMENDMENT
Revision to Citywide Roadway Plan of Circulation Element (West Ontario Avenue Widening Project)
GPA2024-0002 will amend the General Plan’s Circulation Element – and therein the Citywide Roadway Plan – to reflect a required change in the Roadway Classification for a segment of West Ontario Avenue from “Major Arterial 4 Lane” to “Major Arterial 6 Lane.” The existing and proposed Roadway Plan is attached as Exhibit 3. The Circulation Element is one of the eleven elements of the City’s adopted General Plan and serves as the blueprint to facilitate the movement of people, goods, and resources by prescribing goals, policies and programs intended to reduce local traffic congestion, encourage increased transit use, respond to the

needs of local businesses, and encourage pedestrians and bicyclists to use the City’s network of streets for travel and recreation.

Revision to Public Safety Element (Local Hazard Mitigation Plan) GPA2024-0002 will amend the General Plan’s Public Safety Element – and therein the listed definition of “Hazard Mitigation Plan” beginning on Page PS-2 of the General Plan document - following adoption of an updated Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP) by the City Council in August 2024. The Public Safety Element is one of the eleven Elements of the General Plan, serves as the equivalent to the Safety Element as required under State law, and provides several proactive and coordinated programs for implementation by City departments to provide for general emergency response and preparedness, as well as for protection against foreseeable natural and human-caused hazards. The amendment is attached as Exhibit 6 and provided herein. Existing text to be deleted is shown in a strikethrough format, and proposed text is shown in an underlined/red format.

Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP). Corona’s LHMP identifies hazards and establishes a plan to prepare for emergencies and prevent or mitigate potential impacts. The City Council adopted its 2017 LHMP, and this general plan references and is consistent with the goals, policies, and programs specified therein. The LHMP for the City of Corona planning area was developed in accordance with the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) and followed Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 2011 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan guidance. The LHMP incorporates a process where hazards are identified and profiled, the people and facilities at risk are analyzed, and mitigation actions are developed to reduce or eliminate risk. The implementation of these mitigation actions, which include both shortterm and long-term strategies, involve planning, policy changes, programs, mitigation projects, and other activities. The County of Riverside Operational Area Multi-Jurisdictional LHMP can be found here. MJLHMP 8.7.23.pdf (rivcoready.org)

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
Pursuant to Section 15164 of the Guidelines for the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the City, as the lead agency, has prepared an Addendum to the General Plan Environmental Impact Report (EIR), which was certified on June 3, 2020, for the proposed amendment to the Citywide Roadway Plan in the Circulation Element of the General Plan. The City has determined that the activity does not raise any new issues or result in impacts not previously analyzed in the certified General Plan EIR, and none of the conditions described in Section 15162 otherwise requiring the preparation of a subsequent EIR exist.

As the General Plan amendment relates to updating the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan description in the Public Safety Element of the General Plan, the City has determined that this activity is covered under Section 15061(b)(3) (“common sense exemption”) of the CEQA Guidelines, because the proposed scope of work includes legislative changes only and

accordingly it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that such activity would have a significant effect on the environment.

FISCAL IMPACT
The subject project is City implemented, and accordingly no fee was levied for submittal and review.

PUBLIC NOTICE AND COMMENTS
A 10-day public notice was advertised in the Sentinel Weekly News and posted at the project site. As of the preparation of this report, staff has not received any comments from the public in response to the notice.

To clarify the GPA’s scope of work and purpose of the Planning and Housing Commission hearing relative to earlier processes and actions associated with the West Ontario Avenue Widening Project, an additional courtesy notice was mailed by the Public Works Department to all property owners and occupants within a 500-foot radius of the project site on January 23, 2024. (Exhibit 5)

STAFF ANALYSIS
Revision to Citywide Roadway Plan of Circulation Element The requested GPA would facilitate the implementation of the West Ontario Avenue Widening Project by amending the Circulation Element of the General Plan. The actual construction of the project would serve to alleviate an existing traffic bottleneck (and so improve the flow of traffic through the City), improve or complete missing roadside infrastructure, and create continuity in the design of vehicular and pedestrian infrastructure.

The amendment is consistent with the intent of the General Plan’s Circulation Element which is to move people, goods and resources throughout Corona in a manner that is supportive of the land use in a safe and efficient circulation system. The amendment is also consistent with the following goal of the General Plan:

Goal CE-2 (Intercity and Regional Transportation)
Foster a network of regional roadway facilities to ensure the safe and efficient movement of people and goods from within the City to areas outside its boundaries and that reduce regional cut-through traffic in the City.”
Revision to Public Safety Element (Local Hazard Mitigation Plan) The requested GPA would amend the Public Safety Element of the General Plan to revise the definition of “Hazard Mitigation Plan” within the General Plan. The GPA would make language therein consistent with the contemporary iteration of the LHMP while concurrently allowing the City to become eligible for various federal and state disaster relief funds. The

amendment is consistent with the following goals and policies of the Public Safety Element of the General Plan:

Goal PS-3
Ensure that the health, safety, and general welfare of residents and visitors of the City of Corona, including the overall health of the natural environment, is provided through good land use planning and strict adherence and enforcement of the City of Corona Hazardous Material Area Plan, Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, California Fire Code, Certified Unified Program Agency, and other pertinent sources and documents.

Goal PS-11
Effective emergency response to disasters that limits the loss of life, curtails property damage and social dislocation, enhances emergency preparedness through community education and self-help programs, and minimizes damages and injuries.

PS-11.2
Maintain emergency and hazard mitigation plans; update and define roles of city departments and other partnering agencies in the event of an emergency or disaster, ensuring interagency coordination and collaboration with the Operational Area (SEMS).

PS-11.10
Participate in the review and update of the Riverside County Operational Area MultiJurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan every five years in coordination with all participating jurisdictions and Riverside County Emergency Management Department; implement goals and objectives therein to reduce risks from hazards and guide decisionmaking.

As the proposed GPA is found to be consistent with applicable Goals and Policies of the Circulation and Public Safety Elements of the General Plan, the Planning Division recommends that the Planning and Housing Commission recommend to the City Council for approval of GPA2024-0002, based on the findings listed below.

FINDINGS FOR APPROVAL

1. The City of Corona prepared an Addendum to the certified General Plan Environmental Impact Report (SCH No. 2018081039) for the amendment to the Citywide Roadway Plan within the Circulation Element of the General Plan pursuant to Section 15164 of the Guidelines for the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The City has determined that the activity does not raise any new issues or result in impacts not previously analyzed in the certified General Plan EIR, and none of the conditions described in Section 15162 otherwise requiring the preparation of a subsequent EIR exist. Additionally, the City has determined that the amendment to the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan description within the Public Safety Element of the General Plan is exempted from CEQA pursuant to Section 15061(b)(3), which states

that an activity is exempted from CEQA when it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment (“common sense exemption”). The amendment to the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan description would bring the General Plan into consistency with the requirements of State and Federal Law and, accordingly, will not have a significant effect on the environment.

2. General Plan Amendment GPA2024-0002 is in the public interest and would not be detrimental to public health, safety and welfare for the following reasons:
a. The proposed amendment to the Circulation Element would facilitate implementation of the West Ontario Avenue Widening Project by amending the Circulation Element of the General Plan, and therein, the Citywide Roadway Plan. While the requested amendment would only amend an exhibit within the Circulation Element and does not, in and of itself, propose any new development, the broader development project would serve to (among other things) alleviate an existing traffic bottleneck, improving the safety and flow of traffic through the City.
b. The proposed revisions to the Public Safety Element would update language describing the City’s adopted Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), bringing the document into compliance with the (Federal) Stafford Act and (State) Assembly Bill 2140 and thereby make the City eligible for both Federal and State funding intended to address the public health, safety and welfare following natural or human-caused disasters.

3. General Plan Amendment GPA2024-0002 is internally consistent with the elements of the General Plan, including the goals and policies stated therein for the following reasons:
a. The amendment to the Circulation Element implements the City’s West Ontario Avenue Widening Project to improve the flow of traffic through the City, improve or complete missing roadside infrastructure, and create continuity in the design of vehicular and pedestrian infrastructure. This is consistent with the general intent of the General Plan’s Circulation Element which is to move people, goods and resources throughout Corona in a manner that is supportive of the land use in a safe and efficient circulation system. The amendment is also consistent with General Plan Goal CE-2 of the Intercity and Regional Transportation section of the Circulation Element because it fosters a network of regional roadway facilities to ensure the safe and efficient movement of people and goods from within the City to areas outside its boundaries and that reduce regional cut-through traffic in the City.

b. The amendment to the Public Safety Element is consistent with:
i. Goal PS-3, because it ensures that the health, safety, and general welfare of residents and visitors of the City of Corona, including the overall health of the natural environment, is provided through good land use planning and strict adherence and enforcement of the City of Corona Hazardous Material Area Plan, Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, California Fire Code, Certified Unified Program Agency, and other pertinent sources and documents.
ii. Goal PS-11, because it identifies effective emergency responses to disasters through the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan to limit the loss of life, curtail property damage and social dislocation, enhance emergency preparedness through community education and self-help programs, and minimize damages and injuries.
iii. Policy PS-11.2, because it seeks to maintain emergency and hazard mitigation plans; update and define roles of city departments and other partnering agencies in the event of an emergency or disaster, ensuring interagency coordination and collaboration with the Operational Area (SEMS).
iv. Policy PS-11.10, because it tasks the City to participate in the review and update of the Riverside County Operational Area MultiJurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan every five years in coordination with all participating jurisdictions and Riverside County Emergency Management Department; implement goals and objectives therein to reduce risks from hazards and guide decision-making.

PREPARED BY: EVAN LANGAN, AICP, SENIOR PLANNER
REVIEWED BY: SANDRA VANIAN, PLANNING MANAGER
SUBMITTED BY: JOANNE COLETTA, PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DIRECTOR Exhibits:

1. Resolution No. 2659

2. Locational and Zoning Map (West Ontario Avenue Widening Project)

3. General Plan Amendment - Existing and Proposed Circulation Element Roadway Plan (West Ontario Avenue Widening Project)

4. Photographs of the Project Site and Surrounding Area (West Ontario Avenue Widening Project)

5. Planning and Housing Commission Courtesy Notice (West Ontario Avenue Widening Project)

6. General Plan Strikethrough of Existing and Proposed Language, Public Safety Element of General Plan (Revision to Public Safety Element – LHMP)

7. Adopted Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (2023-2028)

8. Addendum to the General Plan EIR (amendment to the Circulation Element) Document available for review online at:
https://www.coronaca.gov/government/departments-divisions/building/projects

9. Notice of Exemption (amendment to the Public Safety Element) Case Planner: Evan Langan (951) 736-2437

RESOLUTION NO. 2659
APPLICATION NUMBER: GPA2024-0002

A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING AND HOUSING

COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF CORONA, CALIFORNIA

APPROVING A GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT TO REVISE

THE CITYWIDE ROADWAY PLAN WITHIN THE

CIRCULATION ELEMENT OF THE GENERAL PLAN TO

REFLECT A CHANGE IN THE ROADWAY CLASSIFICATION

FOR A PORTION OF WEST ONTARIO AVENUE FROM
“MAJOR ARTERIAL 4 LANE” TO “MAJOR ARTERIAL 6
LANE,” AS WELL AS REVISE THE PUBLIC SAFETY

ELEMENT OF THE GENERAL PLAN TO INCLUDE AN

UPDATED DEFINITION AND DESCRIPTION FOR THE
CITY’S ADOPTED LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
(LHMP) AS PART OF CYCLE 2 FOR GENERAL PLAN
AMENDMENTS 2025. (CITY OF CORONA)
WHEREAS, the Planning and Housing Commission of the City of Corona initiated proceedings through GPA2024-0002 to consider amending the Citywide Roadway Plan within the Circulation Element of the General Plan to reflect a change in the Roadway Classification for a portion of West Ontario Avenue from “Major Arterial 4 Lane” to “Major Arterial 6 Lane,” as well as revise the Public Safety Element of the General Plan to include an updated definition and description for the City’s adopted Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP); and WHEREAS, the Planning and Housing Commission held a noticed public hearing for GPA2024-0002 on February 10, 2025 as required by law, and WHEREAS, the Planning and Housing Commission after close of the public hearing considered all of the evidence presented in its deliberations; and WHEREAS, the Planning and Housing Commission, by the majority, approved GPA2024-0002 in accordance with the analysis and findings in the staff report; and WHEREAS, the Planning and Housing Commission recommended the City Council: (1) adopt the Addendum to the General Plan Environmental Impact Report (EIR) (SCH No. 2018081039), which was prepared pursuant to Section 15164 of the California Environmental

RESOLUTION NO. 2659
APPLICATION NO. GPA2024-0002
PAGE | 2
Quality Act (CEQA) in connection with GPA2024-0002 for the amendment to the Circulation Element of the General Plan, and that the Addendum does not raise any new issues or result in impacts not previously analyzed in the General Plan EIR, certified by the City Council on June 3, 2020, and none of the conditions described in Section 15162 otherwise requiring the preparation of a subsequent EIR exist; and (2) find GPA2024-0002 as it relates to amending the Public Safety Element of the General Plan exempt from CEQA pursuant to Section 15061(b)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines and Section 3.06 of the City of Corona Local Guidelines for Implementing CEQA, which states that a project is exempted from CEQA when it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment. The proposed scope of work includes legislative changes only and accordingly, it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that such activity would have a significant impact on the environment.

NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED BY THE PLANNING AND

HOUSING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF CORONA, CALIFORNIA, DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:

SECTION 1. CEQA Findings. As the decision-making body for this GPA2024- 0002, the Planning and Housing Commission has reviewed and considered the information contained in the Addendum to the General Plan EIR as it relates to amending the Circulation Element of the General Plan and the administrative records for this General Plan Amendment, including all written and oral evidence provided during the comment period. Based upon the facts and information contained in the Addendum and the administrative record, including all written and oral evidence presented to the Commission, the Commission finds that potential environmental impacts of this GPA2024-0002 are either no impact or less-than-significant. The Commission also determined that GPA2024-0002 as it relates to amending the Public Safety Element of the General Plan is exempted from further environmental review pursuant to Section 15061(b)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines and Section 3.06 of the City of Corona Local Guidelines for Implementing CEQA.

SECTION 2. Findings. GPA2024-0002 is internally consistent with the elements of the General Plan, including the goals and policies stated therein for the following reasons:

1. The City of Corona prepared an Addendum to the certified General Plan Environmental Impact Report (SCH No. 2018081039) for the amendment to the Citywide Roadway Plan within the Circulation Element of the General Plan pursuant to Section 15164 of the Guidelines for the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The City has determined that the activity does not raise any new issues or result in impacts not previously analyzed in the certified General Plan EIR, and none of the conditions described in Section 15162 otherwise requiring the preparation of a subsequent EIR exist. Additionally, the City has determined that the amendment to the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan description within the Public Safety Element of the General Plan is exempted from CEQA pursuant to Section 15061(b)(3), which states that an activity is exempted from CEQA when it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment (“common sense exemption”). The amendment to the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan description would bring the General Plan into consistency with the

RESOLUTION NO. 2659
APPLICATION NO. GPA2024-0002
PAGE | 3
requirements of State and Federal Law and, accordingly, will not have a significant effect on the environment.

2. General Plan Amendment GPA2024-0002 is in the public interest and would not be detrimental to public health, safety and welfare for the following reasons:
a. The proposed amendment to the Circulation Element would facilitate implementation of the West Ontario Avenue Widening Project by amending the Circulation Element of the General Plan, and therein, the Citywide Roadway Plan. While the requested amendment would only amend an exhibit within the Circulation Element and does not, in and of itself, propose any new development, the broader development project would serve to (among other things) alleviate an existing traffic bottleneck, improving the safety and flow of traffic through the City. b. The proposed revisions to the Public Safety Element would update language describing the City’s adopted Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), bringing the document into compliance with the (Federal) Stafford Act and (State) Assembly Bill 2140 and thereby make the City eligible for both Federal and State funding intended to address the public health, safety and welfare following natural or human-caused disasters.

3. General Plan Amendment GPA2024-0002 is internally consistent with the elements of the General Plan, including the goals and policies stated therein for the following reasons:
a. The amendment to the Circulation Element implements the City’s West Ontario Avenue Widening Project to improve the flow of traffic through the City, improve or complete missing roadside infrastructure, and create continuity in the design of vehicular and pedestrian infrastructure. This is consistent with the general intent of the General Plan’s Circulation Element which is to move people, goods and resources throughout Corona in a manner that is supportive of the land use in a safe and efficient circulation system. The amendment is also consistent with General Plan Goal CE-2 of the Intercity and Regional Transportation section of the Circulation Element because it fosters a network of regional roadway facilities to ensure the safe and efficient movement of people and goods from within the City to areas outside its boundaries and that reduce regional cut-through traffic in the City. b. The amendment to the Public Safety Element is consistent with:
i. Goal PS-3, because it ensures that the health, safety, and general welfare of residents and visitors of the City of Corona, including the overall health of the natural environment, is provided through good land use planning and strict adherence and enforcement of the City of Corona Hazardous Material Area Plan, Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, California Fire Code, Certified Unified Program Agency, and other pertinent sources and documents. ii. Goal PS-11, because it identifies effective emergency responses to disasters

RESOLUTION NO. 2659
APPLICATION NO. GPA2024-0002
PAGE | 4
through the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan to limit the loss of life, curtail property damage and social dislocation, enhance emergency preparedness through community education and self-help programs, and minimize damages and injuries.
iii. Policy PS-11.2, because it seeks to maintain emergency and hazard mitigation plans; update and define roles of city departments and other partnering agencies in the event of an emergency or disaster, ensuring interagency coordination and collaboration with the Operational Area (SEMS).
iv. Policy PS-11.10, because it tasks the City to participate in the review and update of the Riverside County Operational Area Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan every five years in coordination with all participating jurisdictions and Riverside County Emergency Management Department; implement goals and objectives therein to reduce risks from hazards and guide decision-making.

THAT THE COMMISSION passes and adopts Resolution No. 2659 approving the General Plan Amendment granted in accordance with Exhibits 3 and 6 of the staff report for GPA2024-0002; and
THAT THE COMMISSION recommends to the City Council that it approve such General Plan Amendment as part of Cycle 2 for General Plan Amendments 2025.

GPA2024-0002
West Ontario Avenue Widening Project

LOCATION & ZONING MAP

VIA PACIFICA (STREET)
TAYLOR AVE.

W. ONTARIO AVE.

S. LINCOLN AVE.

APPROX. PROJECT BOUNDARIES
ZONING LEGEND:

R1-7.2 (Single-Family Residential Zone)
R1-8.4 (Single-Family Residential Zone)
R1-9.6 (Single-Family Residential Zone)
R1-20 (Single-Family Residential Zone)
R1A (Single-Family Residential Zone)
R2 (Low-Density Multiple-Family Residential Zone)
A (Agricultural Zone)
CP (Professional and Office Zone)

CIRCULATION
Figure CE-1
Roadway Plan

PlaceWorks

ADDENDUM TO THE CORONA GENERAL PLAN TECHNICAL UPDATE EIR FOR THE WEST ONTARIO AVENUE WIDENING PROJECT

CITY OF CORONA
Source: City of Corona 2019.
0 Scale (Miles)
1 15 15
Existing Proposed

BUTTERFIELD DR RINCON ST

RAILROAD ST

RAILROAD ST

N LINCOLN AVE
POMONA
RD

SMITH AVE
SIXTH
ST

RIVER RD

PARKRIDGE
AVE

PARKRIDGE
AVE

H I D D E N VALLEY PK WY

MAIN ST

S LINCOLN AVE

W ONTARIO
AVE

MAIN ST

W FOOTHILL
PKWY

UPPER DR

FULLERTON AVE

KELLOGG AVE

RIMPAU AVE

MAGNOLIA
AVE

MAIN ST

GRAND BLVD

GRAND BLVD

HIGHGROVE
ST

W FOOTHILL
PKWY

SERFAS CLUB DR

PACIFICA
VIA

TENTH ST
91 CALIFORNIA
15 71

CALIFORNIA

BUTTERFIELD DR RINCON ST

RAILROAD ST

RAILROAD ST

N LINCOLN AVE
POMONA
RD

SMITH AVE
SIXTH
ST

RIVER RD

PARKRIDGE
AVE

PARKRIDGE
AVE

H I D D E N VALLEY PK WY

MAIN ST

S LINCOLN AVE

W ONTARIO
AVE

MAIN ST

W FOOTHILL
PKWY

UPPER DR

FULLERTON AVE

KELLOGG AVE

RIMPAU AVE

MAGNOLIA
AVE

MAIN ST

GRAND BLVD

GRAND BLVD

HIGHGROVE
ST

W FOOTHILL
PKWY

SERFAS CLUB DR

PACIFICA
VIA

TENTH ST
91 CALIFORNIA
15 71

CALIFORNIA
Project Site
Figure 6 - Existing and Proposed Roadway Plan
15 CIRCULATION

Figure CE-1
Roadway Plan
Freeway
Major Arterial 6 Lane
Major Arterial 4 Lane
Mixed Use Boulevard 4
Lane Divided/Undivided
Secondary 4 Lane
Collector
Special Residential
City Boundary
Sphere of Influence Areas
Proposed
Project Boundary
15 CIRCULATION
Figure CE-1
Roadway Plan
Freeway
Major Arterial 6 Lane
Major Arterial 4 Lane
Mixed Use Boulevard 4
Lane Divided/Undivided
Secondary 4 Lane
Collector
Special Residential
City Boundary
Sphere of Influence Areas
Existing
Project Boundary
Project Site

PlaceWorks
Source: Nearmap 2024.
0 Scale (Feet)
875
Project Site Photographs
Photo 1. View of South Lincoln Avenue and Othello Lane looking North. Photo 2. View of Vacant Land from South Lincoln Avenue. Photo 3. View of West Ontario Avenue looking East.

Photo 4. View of West Ontario Avenue near Taylor Avenue looking West. Photo 5. View of West Ontario Avenue and Via Pacific looking East.

Lavendar Wy
Esther Dr
W Ontario Ave
S Lincoln Ave
Via Pacifica
Othello Ave Stephanie Dr
S Buena Vista Ave
Taylor Ave
Project Boundary
1 2
3 4
5

PlaceWorks
Source: Nearmap 2024.
0 Scale (Feet)
875
Surrounding Area Photographs
Photo 1. View of Commercial Uses on West Ontario Avenue looking South.

Photo 2. View of Residences on Othello Lane looking southwest.

Photo 3. View of Ontario Park from West Ontario Avenue looking North. Photo 4. View of Residences at South Lincoln Avenue and West Ontario Avenue.

Lavendar Wy
Esther Dr
W Ontario Ave
S Lincoln
Ave
Via Pacifica
Othello Ave Stephanie Dr
S Buena Vista Ave
Taylor Ave
Project Boundary
1 3
4 2

January 20, 2025
RE: COURTESY NOTICE OF FORTHCOMING PLANNING AND HOUSING COMMISSION HEARING OF GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT GPA2024-0002 FOR THE WEST ONTARIO AVENUE WIDENING

PROJECT
Dear Resident,
This courtesy notice is being provided by the City of Corona Public Works Department to notify vicinity property owners that General Plan Amendment GPA2024-0002 will be heard by the Planning and Housing Commission at its regular meeting of February 10, 2025. The GPA will amend the City’s General Plan to change the roadway classification for an approximate one-mile segment of West Ontario Avenue and an approximate 0.20-mile segment of South Lincoln Avenue from “Major Arterial 4 Lane” to “Major Arterial 6 Lane”. The one-mile segment of West Ontario Avenue extends from the intersection of Via Pacifica to approximately 265 feet before the intersection of Taylor Avenue. The 0.20-mile segment of South Lincoln Avenue extends from the intersection of Ontario Avenue to Millbrook Road.

The purpose of the amendment is to make the General Plan consistent with the upcoming roadway improvements that will occur on these two roadway segments. The improvements, known as the West Ontario Avenue Widening Project, were approved by the Corona City Council on October 19, 2022. The West Ontario Avenue Widening Project is a city project which will expand the subject roadway segments from their present four lane configuration to six lanes. The General Plan Amendment proposes no changes to the approved roadway widening project, and the Planning and Housing Commission will not have the ability to revise or otherwise revisit the approval already granted by the City Council. A separate notice for the Planning and Housing Commission hearing will be sent at least 10 days prior to the February 10, 2025 Planning and Housing Commission hearing date.

For questions about the Planning and Housing Commission hearing for the General Plan Amendment, please contact Senior Planner, Evan Langan at 951-736-2437 or via [email protected]; for questions about the West Ontario Avenue Widening Project, please contact CIP Manager, Keegan Olds at 951-739- 4977 or via [email protected].

CORONA GENERAL PLAN 2020-2040 | PS-1
Public Safety

INTRODUCTION
Protecting public health and safety is a fundamental mission of the City of Corona.

While most people are familiar with the police and fire personnel who respond to emergencies, Corona engages in many less visible functions to protect people from natural and human-caused disasters. Building codes, ordinances, transportation route planning, and hazardous materials management efforts are all critical programs that protect property, life, and safety. Indeed, the City’s long-term vision cannot be fully achieved unless the public’s health and safety can be assured.

Like most California cities, Corona has an array of natural and human-caused hazards.

With the many waterways traversing the City, the risk of flooding is a concern. While the hillsides that surround the City offer scenic views, they are also subject to wildfires during summer weather or mudslides during storm events. Corona is also susceptible to earthquakes due to the fault zones crossing the city as well as geologic hazards associated with its topography and soil conditions. Activities associated with commerce and the City's transportation network all present safety hazards as well.

Consistent with its vision, the City of Corona’s efforts to protect the health and safety of the public and business community is guided by the following statement:

Corona is committed to protecting residents, businesses, and visitors from natural and human-induced hazards. The City is also committed to rebuilding from emergencies or disasters in a manner that efficiently and safety returns quality of life to Corona. Residents and visitors will feel safe in their homes, neighborhoods, and public places. Community and regional resources—public, private, and nonprofit—will work together to ensure the safety of all residents and to minimize the disruption caused by emergencies and disasters. By implementing appropriate protocols and programs, the City will become safer, more resilient, and prosperous in return.

For Corona to continue as a desirable place to live and work, the City must continue to comprehensively address the public health and safety needs of its residents, businesses, institutions, and visitors. To achieve the vision of the general plan, this public safety element therefore sets forth proactive and coordinated programs to protect against foreseeable natural and human-caused hazards. As the policies and actions are progressively implemented, the City will be increasingly less impacted by hazards, and in the process, become more self-reliant, sustainable, and prosperous.

PUBLIC SAFETY
PS-2 | CORONA GENERAL PLAN 2020-2040
Scope of Element
California State law, specifically the Government Code § 65302(1), requires that each city prepare and adopt a safety element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risks associated with a wide variety of natural and manmade hazards. This legislation encompasses a wide range of safety hazards commonly found in communities, including climate change hazards. This element addresses:
» Natural Hazards. Natural hazards include a range of seismic and geologic hazards, flooding hazards, wildland and urban fire hazards, and severe weather, most of which are caused by inclement weather or natural events. » Human-Caused Hazards. These include air pollution, hazardous materials, and aviation hazards that are caused by human activities. Other transportation- and public safety hazards are addressed in other elements of the general plan. » Emergency Response and Preparedness. This refers to the range of procedures, methods, protocols, and staff the City of Corona uses to response and prepare for emergencies and disasters, respond to them, and recover from them.

This public safety element is intended to: 1) recognize the local hazards associated with Corona’s environment, and 2) identify methods to manage these risks and protect people, property, infrastructure, and structures from harm.

Related Plans
Corona’s public safety element is implemented by various strategic plans that protect the community from individual hazards. Some of these plans are provided by the City; others are provided by other organizations.
» Police Department Strategic Plan. The Corona Police Department prepares an annual police strategic plan that contains an assessment of safety in Corona, staffing and resource allocation, and sets short and long-range goals for the future.

The plan is also used evaluate outcomes and progress to meet department goals. » Fire Department Strategic Plan. The Corona Fire Department prepares an annual fire department strategic plan that sets short and long-range goals for its operations, training, and other safety outcomes. These outcomes are based on best practice, periodic organizational reviews, and city needs. » Emergency Operations Plan. Corona’s EOP is intended to address the City’s planned response to extraordinary emergency situations associated with natural disasters, technological incidents, and national security emergencies. The plan addresses potential large-scale disasters requiring unusual emergency response. » Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP). Corona’s LHMP identifies hazards and establishes a plan to prepare for emergencies and prevent or mitigate potential impacts. The City Council adopted its 2017 LHMP, and this general plan references and is consistent with the goals, policies, and programs specified therein. » The LHMP for the City of Corona planning area was developed in accordance with the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) and followed Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 2011 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan guidance. The

PUBLIC SAFETY
CORONA GENERAL PLAN 2020-2040 | PS-3
LHMP incorporates a process where hazards are identified and profiled, the people and facilities at risk are analyzed, and mitigation actions are developed to reduce or eliminate risk. The implementation of these mitigation actions, which include both short-term and long-term strategies, involve planning, policy changes, programs, mitigation projects, and other activities. The County of Riverside Operational Area Multi-Jurisdictional LHMP can be found here. MJLHMP 8.7.23.pdf (rivcoready.org)
The next sections provide context for each safety hazard presented, followed by goals and policies to achieve the general plan vision.

SEISMIC AND GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
Corona’s location and underlying geology make it susceptible to seismic and geologic hazards. Corona is situated between two active fault zones—the Whittier-Elsinore Fault Zone and the San Jacinto Fault Zone. Other potentially active faults nearby include the San Jose, Cucamonga, Sierra Madre, Newport-Inglewood, and San Andreas. While the City has not experienced a major earthquake, it is prudent to plan for such to minimize potential damage to the community, injury, and loss of life. The primary seismic and geologic hazards in Corona are summarized below.

Seismic Hazards
Seismic activity has been known to cause ground displacement along a fault or within the general vicinity of a fault zone. Surface rupturing could damage or destroy infrastructure, pipelines, roads, and bridges. Much of the western portion of the city extending southeast through the SOI is within a fault zone. Two active surface faults— the Chino Fault and Glen Ivy segment of the Elsinore Fault—could produce earthquakes of 7M, causing surface ground ruptures. Areas with known surface rupture hazards are identified as Alquist Priolo Special Study Zones. Primary ground rupture can also be expected to spread out into secondary areas.

Ground shaking refers to the motion of the Earth’s surface from an earthquake. Ground shaking is responsible for the majority of damage from earthquakes and can damage or destroy buildings, structures, pipelines, and infrastructure. The intensity of shaking depends on the type of fault, distance to the epicenter, magnitude of the earthquake, and subsurface geology. The Elsinore Fault is the dominant active fault and is capable of producing a 6.8 to 7.0 M earthquake. The greatest severity of ground shaking would occur in central Corona, Temescal Valley, and northern Corona.

Liquefaction happens when strong ground shaking causes soils that are saturated with groundwater to lose strength and behave more like a liquid than a solid. Where liquefaction occurs, the ground may give way, causing damage or destroying structures, foundations, and infrastructure. Susceptibility to liquefaction depends on the strength and duration of ground shaking, soil characteristics, and depth to the groundwater. Loose, granular materials at depths of less than 50 feet, with silt or clay contents below 30 percent, and saturated by groundwater are most susceptible. Areas at moderate-to-high risk run the entire length of Corona in areas north of SR-91.

2023 - 2028
Local Hazard Mitigation Plan
City of Corona, CA
Corona Fire Department
Emergency Services Division
City of Corona, CA
Corona Fire Department
Emergency Services Division

CITY OF CORONA 1
LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN - 2023 - 2028
Contact Information
City of Corona
Name: Lee Shin
Title: Emergency Services Manager
Address: 735 Public Safety Way
City, State and Zip: Corona, CA 92880
Direct Contact: 951-496-1299
Email: [email protected]

CITY OF CORONA 2
LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028

PLAN ADOPTION AND RESOLUTION
The City of Corona will submit plans to the Riverside County Emergency Management Department (EMD) who will then forward the plans to the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) for review prior to being submitted to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). In addition, we will wait to receive an “Approval Pending Adoption” letter from FEMA before taking the plan to our local governing bodies for adoption. Upon approval, the City of Corona will insert the signed resolution into this publication.

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The purpose of this Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP) is to identify the City’s hazards, review and assess past disaster occurrences, estimate the probability of future occurrences, and set goals to mitigate potential risks to reduce or eliminate longterm risks to preserve and protect life, property, and the environment from NATURAL HAZARDS.

The plan was prepared pursuant to the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 to achieve eligibility and potentially secure mitigation funding through FEMA’s Flood Mitigation Assistance, Pre-Disaster Mitigation, and Hazard Mitigation Grant Programs.

Riverside County's continual efforts to maintain a disaster-mitigation strategy is ongoing. Our goal as the City of Corona is to develop and maintain an all-inclusive plan to include all jurisdictions, special districts, businesses, and community organizations to promote consistency, continuity and unification throughout the county and City.

The County’s planning process followed a methodology presented by FEMA and Cal OES which included conducting meetings with the Operational Area Planning Committee (OAPC) coordinated by Riverside County EMD comprised of participating Federal, State, Local, Tribal, and Territorial (SLTT) governmental bodies and local jurisdictions agencies, special districts, school districts, non-profit communities, universities, businesses, and public.

The plan identifies vulnerabilities, provides recommendations for prioritized mitigation actions, evaluates resources, identifies mitigation shortcomings, provides future mitigation planning, and maintenance of the existing plan.

The plan will be implemented upon FEMA approval.

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Co nten t
Contact Information......................................................................................................................... 1 PLAN ADOPTION AND RESOLUTION ......................................................................................... 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................ 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................................................. 5 CHAPTER 1 – COMMUNITY PROFILE CORONA ....................................................................... 7

1.1 CITY OF CORONA MAP.............................................................................................. 7

1.2 GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE DESCRIPTION........................................................... 7

1.3 BRIEF HISTORY OF CORONA................................................................................... 9

1.4 DESCRIPTION OF CORONA’S ECONOMY............................................................. 11

1.5 POPULATION AND HOUSING................................................................................. 14

1.6 TRENDS AND LAND USE........................................................................................ 17 CHAPTER 2 – PLANNING PROCESS ........................................................................................ 20

2.1 LOCAL PLANNING PROCESS ................................................................................. 20

2.2 PARTICIPATION IN REGIONAL PLANNING PROCESS......................................... 23

2.3 USE OF EXISTING PLANS IN THE LHMP PROCESS ............................................ 23

2.4 DATES AVAILABLE FOR PUBLIC COMMENT ........................................................ 23

2.5 PLANS ADOPTED BY RESOLUTION....................................................................... 24 CHAPTER 3 – MITIGATION ACTIONS AND UPDATES ............................................................ 24

3.1 UPDATES FROM 2018 PLAN ................................................................................... 24

3.2 LIST OF COUNTY AND CITY HAZARDS ................................................................. 25

3.3 NEW HAZARDS OR CHANGES ............................................................................... 27

3.4 MITIGATION PROJECT UPDATES .......................................................................... 32 CHAPTER 4.0 – HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT ................................. 35

4.1 CRITICAL FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE.................................................... 35

4.2 ESTIMATING POTENTIAL LOSS.............................................................................. 37

4.3 TABLE OF REPLACEMENT VALUES ...................................................................... 37

4.4 IDENTIFICATION OF RISKS AND VULNERABILITIES ........................................... 38 SECTION 5.0 – COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM ...................................................................... 61

5.1 REPETITIVE LOSS PROPERTIES ........................................................................... 61

5.2 NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROPERTIES..................................................... 61 SECTION 6.0 – CAPABILITIES ASSESSMENT ......................................................................... 64

6.1 REGULATORY MITIGATION CAPABILITIES........................................................... 64

6.2 ADMINISTRATIVE AND TECHNICAL MITIGATION CAPABILITIES....................... 66

6.3 FISCAL MITIGATION CAPABILITIES ....................................................................... 67

6.4 MITIGATION OUTREACH AND PARTNERSHIPS................................................... 67

6.5 EXPANSION/EXPANDING UPON IMPROVEMENT MITIGATION CAPABILITIES 69

6.6 FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES..................................................................................... 70

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028
SECTION 7.0 – MITIGATION STRATEGIES .............................................................................. 71

7.1 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES....................................................................................... 71

7.2 MITIGATION ACTIONS.............................................................................................. 72

7.3 ON-GOING MITIGATION STRATEGY PROGRAMS................................................ 78

7.4 FUTURE MITIGATION STRATEGIES....................................................................... 79 SECTION 8.0 – PLAN IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCESS ......................... 81 SECTION 9.0 – INCORPORATION INTO EXISTING PLANNING MECHANISMS.................... 83 SECTION 10.0 – CONTINUED PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT........................................................... 84 APPENDIX A – PLANNING TEAM MEETINGS .......................................................................... 85 ....................................................................................................................................................... 90 APPENDIX B – PLANNING TEAM MEMBERS........................................................................... 91 ....................................................................................................................................................... 91 APPENDIX C – PUBLIC OUTREACH ......................................................................................... 92 ....................................................................................................................................................... 94 APPENDIX B – INVENTORY WORKSHEETS............................................................................ 97 APPENDIX C – PLAN REVIEW TOOL/CROSSWALK.............................................................. 119

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028
CHAPTER 1- COMMUNITY PROFILE CORONA

1.1 CITY OF CORONA MAP

1.2 GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE DESCRIPTION
The City of Corona is located approximately 45 miles southeast of Los Angeles in western Riverside County. It is in a valley, framed by forests and mountains, and the Prado Basin. Original settlements in the area focused on development within and adjacent to Grand Boulevard. As the City grew, the geographic limitations imposed by the Cleveland National Forest to the south and the Prado Basin to the northeast created natural barriers that confined the City.

Corona is bordered by the City of Norco to the north, the City of Riverside to the east, and other Riverside County cities to the west and south.

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028
The City limits encompass 39.2 square miles and the population is approximately 161,823 (according to the United States Census Bureau’s assessment in July 2021).

Corona, a City whose heritage spans more than a century, has emerged as an ethnically diverse community, where a significant percentage of the population is made up of young and well-educated families.

The City’s community boasts many amenities that provide a first-rate quality of life for its residents. It also has more than 394 acres of parks that include sports fields, basketball courts, playgrounds, tennis courts, two skate parks, and an outdoor pool.

Two major freeways and one railroad transect Corona. The Riverside Freeway (SR91) runs east and west directly north of the City’s center, Interstate 15 (I-15) runs north and south near the eastern edge of the City, and the railroad parallels SR-91. These corridors act as major transportation routes to the economic center of Orange County from the Inland Empire.

Two geographical areas are within the boundaries of the City of Corona General Plan Planning Area: lands within the City’s corporate limits and lands within its Sphere of Influence (SOI). The City currently includes 39.2 square miles, plus 34.3 square miles in Riverside County designated as being within the SOI.

The SOI was defined by the City, the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), and the Riverside County Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO). It represents the areas likely to be served by and potentially annexed to the City. The SOI includes three geographically distinct areas including the West, East, and South Spheres. The West Sphere encompasses three geographic areas: the Prado Basin, Coronita, and the Foothill Area. The East Sphere includes the areas of Home Gardens, Eagle Valley East, and El Cerrito. Additionally, the Temescal Canyon makes up the South Sphere.

The City of Corona Planning Area is within the South Coast Air Basin of California (SCAB). The Air Basin is a 6,600-square mile area encompassing the non-desert portions of Riverside, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino Counties as well as all of Orange County. Bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and the San Gabriel, San Bernardino, and San Jacinto Mountains to the north and east, the South Coast Air Basin is an area of high air pollution potential.

The climate of the SCAB is dominated by the strength and position of the semipermanent high-pressure center over the Pacific Ocean near Hawaii.

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028
It creates the climate conditions typical of Southern California, (i.e., relatively cool summers, mild winters, infrequent rainfall, cool daytime sea breezes, comfortable humidity, and ample sunshine). Periods of extremely hot weather, winter storms, or Santa Ana wind conditions interrupt this pattern. Unfortunately, the same atmospheric processes that create the desirable living climate can combine to restrict the ability of the atmosphere to disperse the air pollution generated by the region’s population.

The location of the Planning Area (east of the Chino Hills and Santa Ana Mountains) insulates it from the moderating effect of the ocean. Average summertime high temperatures range between about 85 to 92 degrees Fahrenheit from June through September, and average wintertime low temperatures are generally near 40 degrees in the months of December and January. Rainfall is highly variable and confined almost exclusively to the winter months. Rainfall in Corona averages about 12.6 inches annually. Temperatures and precipitation in Corona tend to vary more dramatically than other coastal areas of the basin.

Predominating winds travel from the ocean, across the urbanized coastal areas of Orange and Los Angeles Counties, to Corona through the Santa Ana River Canyon.

The canyon acts as a funnel for air masses moving across the basin. Daytime winds are typically channeled through the canyon to create steady, abnormally high (greater than 12 mph) wind velocities from the west. Typical nighttime conditions reverse, and light winds (less than 1 mph) drift back towards the ocean. Exceptions to this pattern occurs when a high-pressure center forms over the western United States and creates the strong, hot, dry, gusty Santa Ana winds, which move through Corona from the eastern deserts into the canyon.

1.3 BRIEF HISTORY OF CORONA
Corona’s historic resources are those physical elements, both structural and natural, which define the City’s past. They help give the City its unique identity, charm, and orientation. These resources, when well preserved and maintained, provide the community with a sense of permanence, which fosters civic pride and stewardship among its residents and businesses. Information describing the historic and cultural resources were derived from the 2000 Riverside County Integrated Project (RCIP).

Corona’s history has evolved on behalf of Native American inhabitation, missionary influence, agricultural development, and eventual rapid urbanization. The City’s growth and development is typical of many other areas in Southern California.

In the early 1700s, prior to the arrival of the Spanish, the Gabrieleno and Luiseno Native American Tribes occupied the Corona area. These indigenous peoples used the hot waters in the Temescal Canyon for bathing and religious ceremonies.

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028
Current residents and visitors still enjoy the rejuvenating mud baths and hot springs at the Glen Ivy Springs Resort. Luiseno religious ceremonies were strictly followed and remnants of some of their artistic pictographs and petroglyphs can still be found on rocks in undeveloped areas.

In the early 1800s, the agricultural and cattle ranching base developed, and portions of Corona became part of the Mexican land grant program (i.e., Rancho La Sierra Yorba, Rancho Jurupa, Rancho El Rincon, and Rancho El Sobrante de San Jacinto).

With the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed in 1846, Mexico ceded the Corona area as part of California to the United States. The Yorba, Serrano, Sepulveda, Cot, and Botiller families’ ranched sheep and cattle on the original ranchos in the area.

Remnants of the Serrano tanning vats are still found on Old Temescal Canyon Road.

In 1849, the California gold rush brought prospectors, settlers, and new developments to Southern California.

In 1886, developer Robert Taylor persuaded his partners: Rimpau, Joy, Garretson, and Merrill to form the South Riverside Land and Water Company. Together they raised approximately $110,000 to purchase approximately 12,000 acres of agricultural land. Taylor realized the importance of water for the soon to be developed community and additional funds were used to ensure that sufficient water rights were obtained.

Taylor hired Anaheim engineer H. C. Kellogg to design a circular Grand Boulevard three miles round.

Early residents used to parade their fancy buggies on this circular street which enclosed the main functions of the community: schools, churches, residences, and stores. To the north along the railroad tracks were the manufacturing plants and packing houses. The southern end of town featured the citrus industry, and the mining companies were established just outside the City’s southeastern and eastern City limits.

The developers initially named their development South Riverside after the successful citrus community of Riverside located nearby. Almost all the new settlers planted orange and lemon trees in hopes of gaining future profits.

New groves continued to spring up and by 1912 there were 5,000 acres of established orange and lemon groves. By 1913, Corona shipped more fruit than any other town in Southern California. In 1961, citrus was still considered the backbone of Corona’s economy and the largest source of revenue. In that year, citrus covered 7,500 acres.

The labor force fluctuated between 400 and 1,800 workers at the peak of the harvest.

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028
An additional 500 people worked at the Exchange Lemon Products Plant. By 1982, Corona’s agricultural industry faced a bleak future as production costs made the economics of farming financially unsuccessful. Plans then began to change to replace the groves with approximately 12,500 dwelling units.

On July 13, 1896, residents voted to incorporate and change the name of the community to Corona, which is Spanish for crown, in honor of the City’s circular Grand Boulevard. By 1900, the population had reached 1,434 people.

On September 9th, 1913, in observance of California’s Admission’s Day, Corona residents celebrated with an international automobile race on the Boulevard. The event attracted auto racing greats such as Ralph DePalma, Barney Oldfield, Terrible Teddy Tetzlaff, and Earl Cooper. More than 100,000 people came to the town to watch Cooper win the race and a prize of $8,250. It was so successful that races were held again in 1914 and 1916. The demise of the Corona Road races was due not only to tragic deaths, which occurred in 1916, but also because of the cost and local effort needed to continually stage such an extravagant event.

1.4 DESCRIPTION OF CORONA’S ECONOMY
Corona continues to maintain its position as the premier location for businesses looking to relocate and expand. Corona’s geographic position attracts a highly educated labor force. Vacancy rates in industrial, commercial, and office properties all declined in 2022, with many companies returning to in-person work.

Industrial vacancy rates dropped even lower to 1.0%, retail vacancies dropped to

5.2%, and office vacancy rates steadily declined to 7.5%.

Taxable sales in Corona totaled just over $900 million in the fourth quarter of 2020, down 6.3% from the previous year. This is a more modest decline relative to Los Angeles County (-8.9%) and Orange County (-7.4%), but it contrasts with the growth in Riverside County (3.9%) and San Bernardino County (6.2%). From the first quarter of 2020 to first quarter of 2021, the pandemic led to a surge in spending in some categories. E-commerce surged during the pandemic, with spending up 43.4%.

Demographically, Corona benefits from a young median age, higher education levels, higher median incomes, and higher home values compared to Riverside County and other areas in California. As a thriving inland community, Corona is home to young families comprised of 48,905 households averaging 3.25 persons each, with a median age of 38.3. Annual median household income is $92,606 and 76% of the population age 25 and up possess a high school diploma or higher according to U.S. Census.

Median home prices continue to improve with median values more than $620,600.

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New industrial development, business expansions, and relocations to Corona have helped to stabilize Corona’s job market, despite economic impacts related to the global pandemic. Job growth in Corona reported a 10% increase with employment numbers increasing to 86,700 in the first quarter of 2022.

Major contributors to local economic growth are the construction, health care, and finance industries, in addition to the fast-growing professional, management, and technology sectors in previous years. Job growth will be continuing to be fueled by the 1.8 million square feet of industrial development recently completed or under construction, and the recent completion of 147,000 square feet of Class A offices. The strong local job market keeps the unemployment rate in Corona at 3%, which is approximately 1% below the Riverside County average as of Fiscal Year 2021. Fiscal Year 2022 continued to see an expanding housing market with increased median home prices and average rents for multi-family communities.

With limited opportunities for large-scale new development, Corona continues looking for opportunities to redevelop and expand currently underutilized properties.

Through its ongoing commitment to stimulate the local economy and expand its labor force, the City of Corona will continue to be the premier inland Southern California City to live, work, and play.

Nationwide, the economy has continued to show strong recovery from early COVID19 pandemic shutdowns. The national unemployment rate was 3.6% at the end of Fiscal Year 2022 and increased to 3.7% in the first quarter of Fiscal Year 2022.

However, national economic performance does not directly translate to improved or hindered financial condition for local governments, nor opportunities to fund more services. As an example, a rise in home prices does not directly correlate to the City collecting more in property taxes. With Proposition 13, property tax is capped at 1%, and the property’s taxable value cannot increase more than 2% per year. At the same time, the increase in fixed cost for operating City government has outpaced its revenue growth.

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028
Figure 1.4.1 – City of Corona Workforce

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1.5 POPULATION AND HOUSING
In a little over a century, the City has evolved from a small town of 1,434 people with deep agricultural roots to a dynamic, diverse community of more than 161,823 people.

At the turn of the millennium, Corona’s growth had been among the highest in the United States. It’s vast agricultural areas at the base of the Santa Ana Mountains, La Sierra Hills, and Chino Hills that is centered on a single place of business and civic identity, has evolved to a suburban community of multiple neighborhoods and centers of commerce and employment. Based on estimates from the California Department of Finance, the City’s housing units has increased to 50,287 in 2023, an increase of approximately 2,223 units.

The City has been of the fastest growing cities in the United States during the past several decades. As of 2018, only a small percentage of the City’s lands remain vacant and may be considered for development. The pace of future growth is likely to slow and occur on the limited vacant lands on the periphery of the City’s existing urban development and the smaller remaining parcels within this pattern.

Population Growth and Projected Growth
2010
2010
2020 2045 % Change
2010-2020
% Change
2020-2045
Corona 152,374 168,332 187,534 9.9% 10.79%
Riverside County 2,203,332 2,383,286 3,252,000 8% 36%
Source: US Census Bureau 2010; CA Department of Finance, E-1 Population Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State with Annual Percent Change – January 1, 2019, and 2020; SCAG Demographics and Growth Forecast, 2020.

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028

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LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN – 2023 - 2028
Figure 1.5.1 – City of Corona Demographics
The data used in this section comes from the most comprehensive Esri forecasts for 2023 and 2028. US Census Bureau 2000 and 2010 Decennial census data converted by Esri into 2020 geography.

Corona the city has seen a population growth from the previously estimated population of 152,530 in the 2010 Census to the population estimate of 158,567 in 2023 an increase of 6,037 residents. Refer to Table 1-1: Basic Demographic and Housing for Corona.

Table 1-1: 2023 City of Corona Basic Demographics and Housing Total population 158,567
Percentage of residents over 18 74.5%
Percentage of residents (65+) 11.1%
Median age (years) 34.4
Total households 49,087
Owner occupied units 63.5%
Renter-occupied units 33.6%
Per Capita Income $39,578
Median Home Value $605,453
Source: 2023 Esri Community Profile
Table 1-2: 2023 City of Corona Racial Composition
Race or Ethnicity Population Percentage
Hispanic Origin 76,112 48.0%
White 51,534 32.5%
Asian 19,662 12.4%
Black or African American alone 8,879 5.6%
American Indian and Alaska Native 1,907 1.6%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 473 0.4%
Total 158,567 100.00%
Source: 2023 Esri Community Profile

1. 6 TRENDS AND LAND USE
Corona’s residential market continues to boom. Included in future planned construction are three new housing developments that will be adjacent to high fire hazard severity zones.

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New single-family housing developments include Sierra Bella, a new family community consisting of 237 single family homes and Bedford South Corona, which will add more than 1,500 single family units once complete along with Corona’s newest retail development, Bedford Marketplace. Both developments are under construction, with some homes complete and occupied by new homeowners.

Several proposed condominium developments are in various stages of plan check or construction including 109 attached units on the east side of Temescal Canyon Road and Dos Lagos Drive.

Corona has grown since the 2018 LHMP, this growth will increase Corona’s vulnerabilities.

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Figure 1.6.1: Responsibilities within City of Corona
JURISDICTION: CITY OF CORONA DOES YOUR AGENCY HAVE RESPONSIBILITY FOR LAND USE AND/OR DEVELOPMENT ISSUES WITHIN YOUR JURISDICTIONAL BOUNDARIES?
2018 DATA 2023 DATA
Current Population in Jurisdiction or Served 155,751 Projected Population in Jurisdiction or Served - in 2028
160,941
Current Sq. Miles in Jurisdiction or Served 39.2 Projected Sq. Miles in Jurisdiction or Served - in 2028

39.2 Does Your Jurisdiction have any ordinances or
regulations dealing with disaster mitigation,
disaster preparation, or disaster response? Yes
If yes, please list ordinance or regulation number.

Ordinance No. 2429, 1973, 2077
Corona Municipal Code Chapters 2.52, 3.36, 4.04.80, 7a, 15.12.270 Section 705 What is the biggest issue next 5 years Economy and Infill/compact development Approximate Number of Homes/Apts/etc. 48,930 Projected Number of Homes/Apts/etc.- in 2023 50,580 Approximate Total Residential Value $17.0 billion Projected Residential Total Value - in 2023 $19.0 billion Approximate Number of Commercial
Businesses
9,000 Projected Number of Commercial Businesses - in
2023
12,000
Approximate Percentage of Homes/Apts/etc. in
flood hazard zones

0.7% Approximate Percentage of Homes/Apts/etc. in
flood hazard zones - in 2023

1.0%
Approximate Percentage of Homes/Apts/etc. in
earthquake hazard zones

3.5% Approximate Percentage of Homes/Apts/etc. in
earthquake hazard zones - in 2023

4.1%
Approximate Percentage of Homes/Apts/etc. in
wildland fire hazard zones

6.55% Approximate Percentage of Homes/Apts/etc. in
wildland fire hazard zones - in 2023

7.2%
Approximate Percentage of Commercial
Businesses in flood hazard zones

0.7% Approximate Percentage of Commercial
Businesses in flood hazard zones - in 2023

3.7%
Approximate Percentage of Commercial
Businesses in earthquake hazard zones

0.3% Approximate Percentage of Commercial
Businesses in earthquake hazard zones - in 2023

0.67%
Approximate Percentage of Commercial
Businesses in wildland fire hazard zones
0 Approximate Percentage of Commercial
Businesses in wildland fire hazard zones - in 2023
0 Number of Critical Facilities in your Jurisdiction
that are in flood hazard zones
0 Projected Number of Critical Facilities in your
Jurisdiction that are in flood hazard zones - in 2023
0 Number of Critical Facilities in your Jurisdiction
that are in earthquake hazard zones
2 Number of Critical Facilities in your Jurisdiction that are in earthquake hazard zones - in 2023
2 Number of Critical Facilities in your Jurisdiction
that are in wildland fire hazard zones.
7 Number of Critical Facilities in your Jurisdiction that are in wildland fire hazard zones - in 2023
7 Does your jurisdiction plan on participating in
the County's on-going plan maintenance
program every two years as described in Part I
of the plan?
Yes If not, how will your
jurisdiction do plan
maintenance?
N/A
Will a copy of this plan be available for the
various planning groups within your jurisdiction
for use in future planning and budgeting
purposes?
Yes

19 CITY OF CORONA
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Addresses of 4710 – 4740 Green River: Properties in High Fire Severity Zones in Corona. 4225 -4375 Prado and 4180-4350 Green River: Properties in High Fire Severity Zones in Corona.

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CHAPTER 2 - PLANNING PROCESS

2.1 LOCAL PLANNING PROCESS
The 2023 LHMP seeks to identify where Corona can take reasonable actions to minimize the adverse effects and dangers posed by catastrophic events before they occur.

Despite the City’s efforts to reduce the potential for damage and harm while increasing readiness to respond to such circumstances, the potential for significant injury and damage arising from natural disasters remains.

The 2023 LHMP update was a review and update to align with the six-step planning process and incorporate updated information across the plan. Many of the 2018 LHMP sections were revised in their order within the update. • Identify the core planning team.
• Situation Status
• Determine the goals and objectives.
• Develop the LHMP
• Prepare the plan.
• Implementation.

The local planning process included:
• Contact standing LHMP (City Department) employees and request a review of the current 2023 LHMP.
• Meet with City staff to discuss and assign LHMP tasks. • Update and revise LHMP.
• Post ongoing drafts of the revised plan for public review and comments.

Multiple City departments contributed to the update of the 2023 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan. Personnel involved included senior management and staff from the Fire Department, Police Department, Community Development, Public Works, Administrative Services, Department of Utilities, Management Services, Maintenance Services, Library and Recreation, Information Technology, City Clerk, Legal, and Risk Management. The group also includes civil engineers, planners, building officials, City clerks, public information officers (PIO), Geographic Information System (GIS) administrator, accountants, managers, emergency managers, analysts, and fire and police officials.

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• 10/12/22: Local LHMP Planning Meeting
• 12/13/22: Internal LHMP Planning Meeting (Emergency Management) • 1/18/23: Local LHMP Planning Meeting
• 1/19/23: Internal meeting with partners to discuss all sections of the LHMP. • 1/24/23: Coordination meeting with Police Dispatch Manager to discuss LHMP strategies, hazards, and risk assessments.
• 2/12/23: Launched updated public facing LHMP Review and Feedback Site where plan has remained active for public comment.
• 2/14/23: Coordination meeting with Public Works to discuss mitigation. strategies for local streets and roads, movement, and to reduce areas with large amounts of congestion.
• 2/15/23: Coordination meeting with Economic Development Administrator to discuss the following:
• Community Profile
• Demographics
• Job Outlooks
• Business Projections into 2028
• Strategic Planning Efforts for Corona
• 4/12/23: Newsletter and Social Media updates
• 5/10/23: LHMP presentation for Police and Amateur Radio Working Group

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Table 2.1.1 Local Hazard Mitigation Planning Team

HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING TEAM

DEPARTMENT/DIVISION/FUNCTION NAME TITLE
City Manager’s Office Justin Tucker Assistant City Manager Legal and Risk Management Office Dean Derleth City Attorney City Clerk’s Office Sylvia Edwards City Clerk
Planning and Development Department Joanne Coletta Planning and Development Director
Planning and Development Department Sandra Yang Senior Planner Fire Megan Quinn Fire Inspector
Community Services Department Moses Cortez Parks and Trails Manager Office of Economic Development Ashley Zaragoza Economic Development Administrator
Finance Division Kim Sitton Finance Director
Fire Department Brian Young Fire Chief
Fire Department Lee Shin Emergency Services Manager
Fire Department Cindi Schmitz Fire Marshall
Communications Cindy Solis Public Information Officer
Human Resources Division April Chase Cabrera Safety Program Specialist Information Technology Department Kyle Edgeworth Deputy Chief Information Officer Police Department Matthew Windish Public Safety Dispatch Manager Police Department Robert Newman Police Chief
Department of Utilities Erin Kunkle Electric Utility Manager Public Works Department Savat Khamphou Public Works Director Public Works Department Kenny Nguyen CIP Manager

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2.2 PARTICIPATION IN REGIONAL PLANNING PROCESS
The City’s Emergency Manager participated in the Regional LHMP planning process with the Riverside Operational Area by attending LHMP meetings, and public hearings, various Riverside County workshops, conferences, and meetings, including:
• 10/5/22: Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJCHM) Operational Area Steering Committee LHMP Meeting
• 1/4/23: Operational Area Steering Committee LHMP Meeting

2.3 USE OF EXISTING PLANS IN THE LHMP PROCESS
Corona maintains multiple plans covering emergency operations, support, hazards, and functions.
• Specific plans and programs are reviewed for inclusion in this update for planning consistency among documents.
• General Plan for the City 2020-2040 Update. Demographics and land-use were cross referenced for inclusion into the LHMP as part of the overall community profile. The 2030 Update will include the 2023 LHMP plan. • Emergency Operations Plan – The 2022 EOP update included the assessed natural hazards, recovery plan annex, and annex updates. • Emergency Preparedness Plans – Contains agriculture, medical health, and public health information.
• Flood and Dam Failure Plan – Corona reviewed this Plan for consistency for use as a reference in the “flood” section of the LHMP.
• City of Corona Climate Action Plan Update – 2019 – Establishes goals and policy that incorporate environmental responsibility into the everyday management of community operations.

2.4 DATES AVAILABLE FOR PUBLIC COMMENT
In an effort to involve the residents of Corona in the update process, and to better understand their concerns and opinions regarding hazards threatening their community and the City as a whole, a survey was developed and the draft LHMP was provided for review on January 11, 2023 on the City website. To reach many community members, the plan and survey were posted across the Corona Fire Department social media pages including Instagram and Facebook.

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The 2018 LHMP plan and survey reached approximately 3500 people. The 2023 LHMP survey and plan received 28,896 impressions, and 330 engagements. Impressions are the number of times our content was displayed to social media users, not matter if it was clicked or not. Engagement quantifies each time a user interacted with the content, that could include a like, comment, or share. While the City encouraged all comments to be submitted by February 13, 2023, the opportunity to submit comments remained opened for continuous comments.
• No emails were received from the public through February 13, 2023, but the ability to provide comments remains open.
• Posted on the City website on January 11, 2023
• Posted on Instagram on February 4, 2023
• Posted on Facebook on February 12, 2023
• Posted on Facebook on March 14, 2023
No new hazards outside of the current contents of the 2023 LHMP were identified by the public. The Emergency Manager did not receive any email from the public after the 2023 LHMP was posted. For public notice documentation, please see Appendix C.

Corona will utilize strategies which include public outreach and awareness campaigns to improve public understanding of natural hazards. The 2023 approved LHMP will be open for continuous public review, including mitigation action implementation and the 2027 LHMP kickoff.

2.5 PLANS ADOPTED BY RESOLUTION
Upon approval by FEMA, the LHMP will be presented to the City Council in a public meeting for adoption via an Official Resolution.

CHAPTER 3 – MITIGATION ACTIONS AND UPDATES

3.1 UPDATES FROM 2018 PLAN
Although no new hazards have been identified from the 2018 LHMP, the occurrence or severity of some of these hazards has increased, making them a greater mitigation priority than in previous years. The unique hazards section was removed because all hazards that have a high potential and priority are listed in Section 4.1. There have been no significant changes in priorities since the approval of the 2018 plan.

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3.2 LIST OF COUNTY AND CITY HAZARDS
The City of Corona is committed to providing mitigation to residents and businesses from natural hazards. The City is also committed to coping with and rebuilding from disasters and emergencies in a manner that is efficient, safe, and provides for a quick return to the quality of daily life in Corona. To accomplish this, it is imperative that the City is aware of the hazards it is susceptible to in order to prepare, respond, recover, and mitigate the applicable hazards.

The County of Riverside identified, evaluated, and ranked 23 HAZARDS that could have an impact on the health, safety, and social well-being of communities located within it.

The rankings were based on severity of damage and probability of occurrence for each risk. The City of Corona then ranked the same 23 hazards and included the top 10 risks in the City’s annex to the Riverside County MJHMP. Identifying the risks posed by these hazards and developing strategies to reduce the impact of these hazards can assist in protecting and preserving life, property, and the environment.

All 23 hazards are not individually addressed in the City of Corona’s annex. For those hazards not expanded upon, the City feels that the County Plan provides adequate information to address the hazard as it relates to the City. Below are two tables, one identifies the 23 identified hazards with their probability and severity rates and the second lists the County and City final ranking of the hazards.

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Figure 3.2.1 – County and City Hazard Rankings
City of Corona & Riverside County
Hazard Ranking 2023
Hazard Corona County
Earthquake 1 2
Wildland Fire 2 1
Power Failure 3 6
Terrorist Event 4 11
Flood 5 5
Water Supply Disruption 6 18
Drought 7 8
Transportation Failure 8 16
Communications Failure 9 12
Pandemic Flu 10 4
Cyber Attack 11 10
Pipeline Disruption 12 21
Extreme Weather 13 7
HazMat Incident 14 9
Dam Failure 15 13
Civil Disorder 16 17
Nuclear/Radiological Incident 17 23
Emergent Disease 18 3
Landslide 19 14
Tornado 20 22

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3.3 NEW HAZARDS OR CHANGES
The occurrence or severity of some hazards has increased, making them a greater mitigation priority than in previous years. This was an important step to ensure that all potential hazards were considered, and relevant hazards ranked as the greatest concern to the community.

Examples of these high risks include floods, earthquake, drought, wildfire, climate change, pandemic, terrorism, extreme temperatures, winter storms, communication failures.

1. Earthquake - An earthquake would be considered one of the highest risks for Corona. Within Riverside County, there are several earthquake faults, and have the capability of greatly affecting the Corona by causing significant damage and disruption to widespread areas.

2. Flood – Several creeks, washes, channels, and flood zones are contained in the planning area of Corona. There are 7,192 properties in Corona at risk of flooding over the next 30 years. This represents 17% of all properties in Corona.

Flooding is likely to impact the day-to-day life within the community.

3. Drought – Drought is a period of unusually constant dry weather that persists long enough to cause deficiencies in the water supply (surface or underground).

Droughts are slow-onset hazards, but over time, they can severely affect crops, municipal water supplies, recreation resources, and wildlife. If drought conditions extend over several years, the direct and indirect economic impacts can be significant. High temperatures, high winds, and low humidity can worsen drought conditions and make areas more susceptible to wildfires. In addition, human actions and demands for water resources can accelerate drought-related impacts. Four types of conditions are referred to as drought. a. Meteorological drought is brought about when there is a prolonged period with less than average precipitation.
b. Agricultural drought is brought about when there is insufficient moisture for average crop or range production.
c. Hydrologic drought is brought about when the water reserves fall below the statistical average.
d. Socioeconomic drought associates the supply and demand of water services with elements of meteorological, hydrologic, and agricultural drought.

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4. Wildfire – Wildfires can be classified as either a wildland fire or a wildland-urban interface (WUI) fire.

These fires occur in areas that are relatively underdeveloped except for the possible existence of basic infrastructure such as roads and power lines. Certain conditions must be present for a wildfire hazard to occur, including a large fuel source, hot, dry, or windy weather. Many of the areas at risk within Corona fall into the classic WUI category.

The years 2020 and 2021 brought the busiest brush fire season over the last 20 years within Corona. While the larger volume fires were in Northern California, the Fire Department fought these brush fires year-round.

The 2021 brush fire near the Corona Airport burned nearly 1000 acres in both directions of Highway 71. Evacuation warnings were issued for the Sonora Ranch neighborhood.

5. Climate change – Climate change may well be the preeminent challenge of our time and it is already having a significant and measurable impact on California’s environment. These impacts include decreasing spring snowmelt runoff, rising sea levels, shrinking glaciers, increasing wildfires, warming lakes and oceans, and the gradual migration of many plants and animals in higher elevations.

Weather patterns are becoming more variable, causing more severe winter and spring flooding and longer drier droughts. Climate change has already impacted California’s water resources.

In the future, warmer temperatures, different patterns of precipitation and runoff, and rising sea levels will profoundly affect the ability to manage water supplies and other natural resources.

6. Pandemic – An influenza pandemic is a global outbreak of a new Influenza A virus. A Novel Influenza A virus is one that has caused human infection but is different from current seasonal human influenza A viruses spreading among people. Novel Influenza A viruses can be viruses that originate in animals that gain the ability to infect humans or human viruses that change significantly to be different from current human seasonal Influenza A viruses. Some Novel Influenza A viruses are believed to pose a greater pandemic threat than others and are more concerning to public health officials because they have caused serious human illness, death, and have been able to spread in a limited manner from person-to-person.

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The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome. As of January 2023, the COVID-19 pandemic had caused more than 668 million deaths and 6.73 million confirmed deaths, making it one of the deadliest in history.

7. Terrorism – As defined by the FBI, terrorism is "the unlawful use or threatened use of violence committed against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.” The tactics of terrorism are diverse. The fear of such attacks within the target population is just as important as the actual attacks, making the threat of violence as effective as actual violence.

Terrorist tactics tend to favor attacks that avoid effective countermeasures and exploit vulnerabilities. As such, terrorists have the potential to utilize many different types of tactics both conventional and unconventional.

Some of these tactics include shootings, kidnappings, bombings, suicide attacks, bioterrorism, nuclear terrorism, and cyberterrorism. From 2010 to 2023 there have been roughly 40 confirmed domestic terrorist incidents.

Cybersecurity threats are on the increase since the last LHMP update and have become a priority for the City. Protection of the computer network, protecting confidential information will continue to be a priority. In 2022, the City had an SQL injection attack consisting of insertion of a SQL query to read sensitive data.

The Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan had to be activated.

8. Extreme Temperature – Heat: A span where the temperature rises quickly to a higher-than-average temperature and then drops. A prolonged period of hot days beyond expectation. For temperatures to be considered extreme, they must adversely impact human health or agriculture. Extreme heat can kill hundreds of Americans each year and can cause an increased frequency in illness. The most significant impact will be on livestock and agriculture. Some extreme heat events in the region included:
a. In August of 2022, an extreme event occurred impacting Corona and the Southwestern Region of Riverside County.
b. In September of 2020, a severe early September heat wave challenged record high temperatures across the region with local communities recording record high temperatures.

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Climate change will continue to play a significant role in Excessive Heat events.

Corona will face a greater probability of these events as temperatures rise and fall due to changing conditions.

9. Winter Storms: Periods of intense weather can include low temperatures, heavy rain, snow or sleet, high winds, and icing conditions. The general climate in Corona is not known for severe winter storms, but the potential exists. In February of 2023, Riverside County saw rare blizzard warnings for mountain regions, with cold air masses moving into California.

The Southern California winter storms of 2023 in January wreaked havoc throughout Southern California cities that included road closures, and 23 dead.

The National Weather Service called this storm “the most impressive storm since January 5-7, 2005”.

10.Communications Failure: The disruptions that technology failures that includes cyber-attacks or accidental equipment failure can contribute to the loss of technology or data. This could potentially exploit technology vulnerabilities and adversely impact organizational operations, organizational assets, individuals, and utilities and telecommunications.

These failures can happen anywhere within the City but will generally be targeted towards larger corporations or government organizations. Overall, the probability of communication failures is on the rise globally, nationally, locally. City Police Department experienced a 911 ANI/ALI notification failure and had to rely on Riverside Sheriff’s Office in November of 2022.

Figure 3.4.1 - Historical List of Disasters for City of Corona Disaster
Type Year Corona Disasters Description of Damage Fiscal Impact Federal
Disaster
Declared
Fire 1889
Santiago Canyon Fire – 300,000 acres of
wildland fire from Santa Ana to Elsinore,
Corona to Oceanside in 3 days
Unknown Unknown
Flood 1938 Flooding included the intersection River Road and Main Street. $100,000 Unknown
Fire 1948 Green River Fire – 46,000 acres of wildland
and 22 homes destroyed. Unknown Unknown
Fire 1967 Paseo Fire – 50,000 acres wildland and 66
homes destroyed. Unknown Unknown

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Flood 1969
City was declared a local disaster area. One
hundred twenty-five residents were
evacuated. Twenty homes were damaged.
$750,000 Yes
Freeze 1969
An ice freeze destroyed 75% of Corona’s
avocado crop; 50% of its lemons; 35% of
Valencia oranges; 25% Navel oranges and
20% grapefruit
$8 million
(Riverside
County)
Unknown
Fire 1977
Tin Mine Fire – 5,500 acres burned. 1,500
firefighters fought fire at the peak of the fire.
1,610 avocado and fruit trees consumed by
fire.
$5.9 million Unknown
Flood 1978
Water line broken, 100 residents without
drinking water; sewer line washed out; airport
flooded.
$500,000 Unknown
Fire 1979
Paseo Fire – 2,000 acres burned. 100 people
evacuated from homes. No significant
property damages.

Unknown Unknown
Fire 1980 Owl Fire – Wildland Unknown Unknown
Flood 1980 Street damage, airport damage, property
damage. $1.6 million Unknown
Fire 1982 Gypsum Fire – 18,000 acres, 14 homes
destroyed. Unknown Unknown
Fire 1982 Hagador Fire – Wildland Fire - South Corona Unknown Unknown Fire 1987 Silverado Fire – Wildland fire – South Corona Unknown Unknown Fire 1990 Bedfored Fire – south of Corona 4,500 Acres,
20 structures. FEMA DR 872 Unknown Yes
Winds 1990 Powerful winds created no power supply to
1,580 homes for as long as two hours. Unknown Unknown
Freeze 1991 Crop Freeze – 10 nights of temperatures
below 27 F. Damage to avocados and citrus. Unknown Yes
Flood 1993 Washed out roads, damaged public property $1.525 million Unknown Flood 1998 Flooding to roads, airport, fallen trees El Nino FEMA DR $650,000 Yes
Fire 1999 Chase Fire – Brush fire burns 500 acres near
Skyline Drive. One home destroyed. Unknown Unknown
Fire 2002 Green Fire – Wildland fire Santa Ana River
Canyon. Unknown Unknown
Flood 2005 FEMA DR1577 – Flooding Citywide, airport,
Debris flow and mudslides. $353,928 Yes
Fire 2005 Lincoln Fire – 800 acres wildland Eagle
Valley. Unknown Unknown
Fire 2006 Sierra Fire – 10,600 acres Santa Ana River
Canyon. Unknown Unknown
Fire 2007 Santiago Fire – 27,000 acres and destroyed
more than a dozen homes. FEMA DR1731 $52,118 Yes
Winds 2007 Fallen trees and debris. State declaration
CDAA DR $18,616 Yes

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Fire 2007 Cerrito Fire – Wildland fire, Eagle Valley. Unknown Unknown Fire 2008
Freeway Fire – 18 homes damage or
destroyed in the Green River Homes caused
by fire newer Santa Ana River. FEMA DR
1810
$78,936 Yes
Flood 2010 Flooding, slope failures, fallen trees and road damage. FEMA DR 1884 $177,000 Yes
Fire 2010 McKinley Fire –
Wildland fire, Eagle Valley. Unknown Unknown
Flood 2011 Flooding and damage to roads, fallen trees,
airport flooding and damage. FEMA DR 1952 $370,000 Yes
Fire 2015 Highway Fire – 1,049 acres Hwy71/Hwy91
near Prado Basin Unknown No
Flood 2015 Heavy down pour causing flooding and
civilian water rescues Unknown No
Flood 2018 Flooding and damage to PD facility and fallen trees. FEMA DR 4305 $67,000 Yes
Fire 2018 Canyon Fire – San Ramon Drive and San
Alvarado Circle Unknown No
Fire 2020 Blue Ridge Fire – North of the 91 and Yorba
Linda Unknown No
Cyber 2022 SQL Injection Attack Unknown No
Storms 2022 Severe Winter Storms – Riverside County Unknown No Storms 2023 Severe Winter Storms – Riverside County Unknown No

3.4 MITIGATION PROJECT UPDATES
Since the adoption of the 2018 LHMP, the City of Corona has undertaken several measures and completed several projects to lessen the impact of disasters and prevent the loss of life and property. These mitigation actions are identified in table 3.5.1.

Figure 3.5.1 – Mitigation Projects Completed and 2023 Actions The 2018 LHMP plan showed hazard type, project description, and status. All these mitigation actions have been completed or were not mitigation actions that would be applied as part of the mitigation process for natural or human caused hazards. The tables below show the 2018 LHMP actions, and the 2023 LHMP actions.

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Figure 3.5.1 – Mitigation Projects Completed for 2018 Update Hazard Type Project Description Status
All Incorporated 2012 Approved Local Hazard Mitigation Plan with City of Corona General Plan Complete
Fire, Water Supply
Disruption
Updated Booster Station buildings to current fire standards (Kraft Ranch, Montana Ranch,SDO, Maybe Canyon,Eagle Glen, Harlin Hills)
Complete
Fire
Purchased 6 portable booster stations for emergency fire response
Complete
Earthquake
All above ground steel storage reservoirs were evaluated to ensure proper venting in the event of an earthquake.

Modifications were made where needed.

Complete
Earthquake, Electrical
Failure
Installation of emergency generators for 3 groundwater well sites.

Complete
Electrical Failure,
Emergent Disease
Contamination
Emergency generators installed at all lift stations, plus a portable sewage lift station for emergency bypass Complete Flood Annual maintenance service on storm drains Complete Flood Construction of Main St storm drain. Alleviate flooding from 11th to 8th St. Complete
Flood Construction of Harris storm drain. Alleviate flooding on 6th St and apartments of 5th St.. Complete
Water Supply/
Contamination
Converted out of service well to a triple-nested monitoring well. Will increase local ground water supply. Complete Water Supply Disruption/
Contamination
Replaced 4,700 feet of 6 and 8 inch waterlines with 12 inch Ductile Iron Waterline pipe Complete
Flood Cota Channel restoration Complete
Terrorism
Became members of the BioWatch Program - BioWatch
provides early detection of biological agents in the air used for a bioterrorism attack
Complete
Terrorism
Corona PD & Fire established a Tactical Response to Violent Incidents Team and adopted the RCFCA Standard Operating Guidelines
Complete
Pandemic Flu
Partnered with Riverside County Public Health with the
development and implementation of the City of Corona
Pandemic Influenza Plan
Complete
HazMat, Transportation
Failure, Fire
2013 complete update to Hazardous Material Area Plan - to assist in the prevention or mitigation of damage from the release or threatened release of hazardous materials.

Complete

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Hazard Type Project Description Status
Water Supply Disruption/
Drought
2015 complete update to the Urban Water Management Plan - conservation and efficient water use Complete
Water Supply Disruption/
Drought
Instituted multiple residential water conservation programs, resulting in a nearly 20% reduction over the declared drought period
Complete
Flood/Water Supply
Contamination
2017 complete update to Sewer System Management Plan -
preventative maintenance, schedule, response plan Complete Transportation Failure 2012 development of Neighborhood Traffic Management Program
Complete
Transportation Failure 2014 development of Corona Municipal Airport Emergency Plan Complete
Climate Change/Drought,
Emergent Disease
2012 developed the City of Corona Climate Action Plan - reduce GHG emissions Complete
Fire
2015 implementation of a Suppression Inspection Action Plan - facilitates the completion of hazard reduction inspections Complete HazMat, Fire
Contracted with G & G Environmental to ensure all on-site hazardous material inspections were completed within
required timeframe.

Complete
Communications
Failure/Fire
2015 complete update to the SOLAR - Multi-County Mutual Threat Zone Guide Complete
Communications
Failure/Fire
2015 update to the Corona Fire Radio Guide - Internal and external agency communications Complete
All
Fire Department Annual Master Training Plan - improves the safety and performance of Department's members in order for them to prevent or minimize loss of life, damage to the environment and loss of property.

Complete
All
2015 update to the Corona Fire Department Emergency
Medical Services Quality Improvement Program - delivery of consistent, high quality, compassionate pre-hospital patient care.

Complete
All
Police Department Annual Master Training Plan - improves the safety and performance of Department's members in order for them to prevent or minimize loss of life, damage to the environment and loss of property.

Complete
All 2017 implementation of the new Emergency Medical Dispatch Program - delivery of pre arrival medical direction Complete

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Figure 3.5.2 – Mitigation Projects for 2023 LHMP
Hazard Type Project Description Status 2018 Plan
All
Fire Department Annual Master Training Plan – improves the safety and performance of Department’s members for them to prevent or minimize loss of life, damage to the environment and loss of property.

Next update will be early 2024.
2023 Plan Yes
All
2022 update to the Corona Fire Department Emergency Medical Services Quality Improvement Program – delivery of consistent, high quality, compassionate pre-hospital patient care.
2023 Plan
No
All
2019/2020 Neighborhood Traffic Management Program and
Community Handbook – included emergency response and evacuation routes
2023 Plan
No
All
2022 Police Department Annual Master Training Plan – improves the safety and performance of Department’s members for them to prevent or minimize loss of life, damage to the environment and loss of property.
2023 Plan
No
All 2022 Hired a Nurse Educator position within Fire Department to manage continuing education, and quality improvement 2023 Plan No Fire 2022 Fire Safe Council was established and introduced to City Council, and 501 C (3) approved in Spring of 2023 2023 Plan No Terrorism 2023 Police Department Active Shooter Training Program through FY 2024 2023 Plan No
All 2023 additional dispatch resources to assist with Medical Dispatch in Ontario, California 2023 Plan No
All
2023 Hiring within Fire Department included additional paramedics – Currently 65% of the Fire Department are Basic Emergency Medical Technicians
2023 Plan
No
Cybersecurity
IT is working on the 2022 Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan Update, to include SQL Mitigation, to be completed in late 2023 early 2024.
2023 Plan
No
CHAPTER 4.0 – HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT

4.1 CRITICAL FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE
A critical facility can be defined as one that is essential in providing utility or direction either during the response to an emergency or during the recovery operation. An inventory of critical facilities in the City of Corona is included in figures 4.1.1 and 4.1.2.

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Figure 4.1.1 – Critical Facilities for City of Corona 2023 Figure 4.1.2 Critical Facilities Map for City of Corona 2023 Critical Facilities Type Number
Public Safety Dispatch 1
Emergency Operations Center 1
City Services 2
Fire Stations 7
Water Reservoirs 15
Water Treatment Plants 3
Wastewater Treatment Plants 3
Hospitals 2
Police Department 1
Maintenance Yards 1
Senior Care 26
Schools 44
Radio Repeaters 7

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4.2 ESTIMATING POTENTIAL LOSS
The most vulnerable structures in the City are downtown, the Fire Station, City Hall, Cabot’s Pueblo Museum. These facilities are the weakest in the City. A major earthquake the proximity to the San Andreas Fault would also cause damage to any of these facilities due to their proximity to the San Andreas Fault.

Loss estimates, exposure assessments, and hazard-specific vulnerability evaluations rely on best available data and methodologies. Uncertainties are inherent in any loss estimation methodology and arise in part from incomplete scientific knowledge concerning natural hazards and their effects on the built environment. Uncertainties can also result from the following:
• Incomplete or outdated inventory
• Geographic extent and severity of each hazard
• Mitigation measures already employed.
• Amount of advance notice residents must prepare for a specific hazard event.

4.3 TABLE OF REPLACEMENT VALUES
Figure 4.3.1 – Assets Table/Replacement Value for City of Corona Name of Asset Replacement
Value ($)
Occupancy/
Capacity #
Hazard
City Hall/City Services $45,094,961 N/A Earthquake
Fire
Flood
Pandemic
Active Shooter
Fire Stations (7) $25,200,000 N/A Earthquake
Fire
Flood
Railroad
Active Shooter
Police Department $15,154,127 N/A Gas Line
Flood
Active Shooter
Fire
Earthquake
Emergency Operations Center $15,976,093 N/A Railroad
Fire
Earthquake
Public Safety Dispatch $9,564,123 50 Railroad
Fire
Earthquake

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4.4 IDENTIFICATION OF RISKS AND VULNERABILITIES
The County of Riverside identified, evaluated, and ranked 23 natural and humaninduced public safety risks that could have an impact on the health, safety, and social well-being of the community. The ranking was based on severity of damage and probability of occurrence for each risk. The City of Corona then ranked the same 23 hazards and included the top 10 risks in the City’s annex to the Riverside County MJHMP. Below are the top 10 hazards in order of ranking. For a complete list of hazards, their probability and severity see Figure 3.2.1.

Water Reservoirs NA 25 Fire
Earthquake
Flood
Railroad
Water Treatment Plants NA 10 Fire
Earthquake
Flood
Railroad
Wastewater Treatment Plants NA NA Fire
Earthquake
Flood
Railroad
Schools NA NA Fire
Earthquake
Flood
Railroad
Pandemic
Active Shooter
Hospitals NA NA Fire
Earthquake
Flood
Railroad
Senior Care NA NA Fire
Earthquake
Flood
Railroad
Pandemic
Active Shooter
Maintenance Yards NA 45 Fire
Earthquake
Flood
Railroad
Radio Repeaters NA NA Fire
Earthquake
Flood
Railroad

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After the list of hazards was identified, the Planning Team went through a process to prioritize screening the hazards to determine which hazards created the greatest concern within the community. The process consists of generating a qualitative ranking, High, Medium, or Low rating for:
• Probability
o High: Highly likely, experts feel that it is likely that the hazard will occur in the community.
o Medium: Possible, experts feel that it is possible that the hazard will occur in the community.
o Low: Unlikely, no historic occurrences of the hazard in the community or region.
• Impact from Hazard
o High: Catastrophic impact with consequences that will be significant in terms of building damage and loss of life.
o Medium: Limited impact but modest in terms of building damage and loss of life.
o Low: Small and minimal impact

1. Earthquake
• Ranking: High Probability with High Impact
The City of Corona is seismically active, as is most of Southern California. Several known active or potentially active faults are in and around Corona.

The Elsinore Fault Zone is the closest major fault system to the City and one of the largest in Southern California. Historically, the Elsinore Fault Zone has also been one of the least active systems. At its northern end, near the City, the Elsinore Fault Zone splays into two segments, the Chino-Central Avenue Fault, and the Whittier Fault.

Along the southwestern portion of the City, the Elsinore Fault Zone is referred to as the Glen Ivy Fault. For more information on the faults zone around the City, please reference Figure 4.4.1.

Ground surface rupture due to active faulting is considered possible in the western portion of the City where known active or potentially active faults are mapped.

Geological evidence indicates that the Glen Ivy Fault and portions of the Whittier Fault are active and that the Chino-Central Avenue Fault is potentially active.

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Historically, the Corona region has generally not been affected by a major, destructive earthquake. However, based on a search of earthquake databases of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Earthquake Information Center, several major earthquakes (magnitude 6.0 or more) have been recorded within approximately 100 kilometers of the City since 1769.

These programs specify various requirements including that detailed geologic investigations are to be conducted in conformance with guidelines of the California Division of Mines and Geology (CDMG) for all construction of transportation infrastructure in an Alquist-Priolo Special Study Zone and for construction of essential facilities within 200 feet of an active fault or potentially active fault. They also state that field information is to be developed as part of any California Environment Quality Act (CEQA) investigations and geologic reports by the City and/or County geologists should be kept current and accessible for use in report preparation, geologic reviews, and policy development.

Additionally, the City’s General Plan Public Health and Safety Element has identified various implementation programs to be carried out by the City and/or County affecting seismic safety of critical facilities.

The probability of an earthquake is high and will strike suddenly without warning.

Earthquakes can occur at any time of the year, and at any time of the day or night.

2. Wildland/Urban Fire
• Ranking: High Probability with High Impact
The combination of population density, weather, and growing residential and commercial development presents a potential year-round threat of conflagration.

However, late spring through early fall months is commonly referred to as the “fire season.”
The City of Corona is nearly surrounded by hills and mountains with the potential and the history of large wildland fires. To the south, the City sits at the base of the Santa Ana mountain range, and borders against the Cleveland National Forest. The shared boundary between the City and the Forest is about 12 miles in length. The fuels are heavy brush with oaks, sycamore and pines on the slopes and drainages.

Residential structures are immediately adjacent to this forest area throughout the entire boundary. Some are newer constructions with good clearances, and some are much older with less clearance.

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The western portion of the City sits at the base of Prado Dam which is the headwater for the Santa Ana River Canyon. The Santa Ana Canyon’s steep topography and East-West alignment serve as a wind funnel. The geography increases the wind’s speed and magnifies the effects of fire on the available fuel bed, contributing to the rapid rate of fire spread.

The northern side of this canyon comprises primarily light flashy fuels due to frequent burning and fuel type-conversion, and the southern side comprises primarily of heavy brush. There is a significant fire history in this canyon area. The 91 Freeway parallels the Santa Ana River throughout the canyon. There are areas of development where structures sit adjacent to wildland areas throughout the western areas of the City. The northwest area of the City sits in the Prado Basin behind the Prado Dam and there are several developments that adjoin some heavy fuels.

The northeast area sits in the Corona Hills, and developments are built up to and on top of the hills. These hills comprise primarily of light flashy fuels due to frequent burning and type-conversion. The eastern edge of the City is bordered by hills and Eagle Valley. This area has not been developed and is comprised of light flashy fuels due to frequent burning and type-conversion. Fires occur frequently, but there is very little structural threat. In addition to interface areas within the City Limits, many of these areas also have significant residential development in unincorporated areas that are immediately adjacent to the City.

Over the years, there have been several significant fires, many of sizeable acreage, within the City or areas just outside its borders. Many of these fires have resulted in destroyed and damaged structures.

Climate change can play a significant role in wildfire hazards. The changing conditions from wet to dry can create more fuel. The increased possibility of high winds can increase risk and present a challenge. Large wildfires can increase the threat of other disasters such as landslide and flooding.

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Weather
Weather patterns combined with certain geographic locations can create a favorable climate for wildfire activity. Areas where annual precipitation is less than 30 inches per year are extremely fire susceptible. High risk areas in Southern California share a hot, dry season in late summer and early fall when high temperatures and low humidity favor fire activity. The frequent occurrence of 40-50 mile per hour Santa Ana or foehn winds, coupled with temperatures more than 90 degrees, relative humidity of 20 percent or less and dense and extremely dry ground cover in inaccessible mountain or canyon areas causes the kinds of wildland fires Southern California experiences every year.

Topography
Topography has considerable effect on wildland fire behavior and on the ability of firefighters and their equipment to take action to suppress those fires.

Simply because of topography, a fire starting in the bottom of a canyon may expand quickly to the ridge top before initial attack forces can arrive. Rough topography greatly limits road construction, road standards, and accessibility by ground equipment.

Steep topography also channels airflow, creating extremely erratic winds on leeward slopes and in canyons. Water supply for fire protection to structures at higher elevations is frequently dependent on pumping units. The source of power for such units is usually from overhead distribution lines, which are subject to destruction by wildland fires.

Vegetation
A key to effective fire control and the successful accommodation of fire in wildland management is the understanding of fire and its environment. Fire environment is the complex of fuel, topographic, and air mass factors that influence the inception, growth, and behavior of a fire. The topography and weather components are, for all practical purposes, beyond man’s control, but it is a different story with fuels, which can be controlled before the outbreak of fires. In terms of future urban expansion, finding new ways to control and understand these fuels can lead to possible fire reduction.

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Of these different vegetation types, coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and grasslands reach some degree of flammability during the dry summer months and, under certain conditions, during the winter months.

For example, as chaparral gets older, twigs and branches within the plants die and are held in place. A stand of brush 10- to 20- years of age usually has enough dead material to produce rates of spread about the same as in grass fires when the fuels have dried out. In severe drought years, additional plant material may die, contributing to the fuel load.

Wildfire Characteristics
There are three categories of interface fire: The classic wildland/urban interface exists where well-defined urban and suburban development presses up against open expanses of wildland areas; the mixed wildland/urban interface is characterized by isolated homes, subdivisions and small communities situated predominantly in wildland settings.

The occluded wildland/urban interface exists where islands of wildland vegetation occur inside a largely urbanized area. Certain conditions must be present for significant interface fires to occur.

The most common conditions include hot, dry, and windy weather; the inability of fire protection forces to contain or suppress the fire; the occurrence of multiple fires that overwhelm committed resources; and a large fuel load (dense vegetation). Once a fire has started, several conditions influence its behavior, including fuel, topography, weather, drought, and development.

Southern California has two distinct areas of risk for wildland fire: the foothills and lower mountain areas which are most often covered with scrub brush or chaparral and the higher elevations of mountains with heavily forested terrain.

Wildfire Hazard Areas
The State of California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) is required by law to periodically map areas of significant fire hazards based on history, fuels, terrain, weather, and other relevant factors that influence fire potential and behavior.

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The fire hazard areas are delineated into zones known as Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZ) that influence the construction of buildings and property protection to reduce the risks associated with wildland fires.

In addition to areas of state responsibility, the map also displays areas where local governments have financial responsibility for wildland fire protection depicting moderate, high, and very high delineations.

Public Resources Code 4201-4204 directs the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) to map fire hazard within the State Responsibility Areas (SRA) based on fuel loading, slope, fire weather, and other relevant factors present, including areas where winds have been identified by the department as a major cause of wildfire spread. These zones, referred to as Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZ), to classify a wildland zone as Moderate, High, or Very High fire based on the average hazard across the area included in the zone.

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June 15, 2023 Fire Hazard Severity Zones in State Responsibility Area (ca.gov) June 15, 2023. Fire Hazard Severity Zones in State Responsibility Area - Riverside County (ca.gov)

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November 21, 2022. Fire Hazard Severity Zones in State Responsibility Area - Riverside County (ca.gov)

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June 15, 2023 Fire Hazard Severity Zones in State Responsibility Area (ca.gov) 02

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November 21, 2022 Fire Hazard Severity Zones in State Responsibility Area - Statewide (ca.gov)

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The Fire Hazard Severity Zone Map will be used for:
• Implementing wildland-urban interface building standards for new construction using the 2007 California Building Code, Section 7A (Wildland-Urban Interface).
• Natural hazard real estate disclosure at the time of sale. • One-hundred-foot defensible space clearance requirements around buildings.
• Property development standards such as road widths, water supply and signage.
• Reference for City and County General Plans.

3. Electrical Failure (Public Safety Power Shutoff)
• Ranking: Probability Medium with High Impact
Corona's electric utility was established on April 4, 2001, by City Council Resolution No. 2001-25 in response to state-wide rolling blackouts and electric price instability. The electric utility provides fully bundled electric service to City owned and operated facilities and eight areas within the City. It also provides energy delivery services to municipal and commercial customers within the City.

The current lack of back-up electricity at the City’s well sites leaves the City and its residents vulnerable to water service interruptions in the event of an electrical power failure. The Corona Department of Water and Power is responsible for the provision of water to more than 40,000 service connections. Currently, approximately half of the City's water is imported (via the Metropolitan Water District) and the other half is produced via local groundwater wells. Most (add %) of the City's groundwater wells do not have back-up generator power. This critical water source has great potential to be compromised by a power failure. A lack of pumping capability could interrupt water supply and delivery to thousands of residents. A power failure could deeply affect water supplies to residents, hospitals, and other essential facilities.

The loss of potable water is one of the most devastating effects from a natural disaster and can have long-term and lethal impacts. The lack of drinking water quickly leads to water-borne illness and dehydration and these conditions disproportionately affect the elderly, young and infirm.

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The City’s above ground power lines are susceptible to the high winds that pass through the City.

The potential for arcing lines causing sparks to drop onto buildings or brush is a hazard that the utility department continues to address, however there have been few major fires caused by this type of event. In addition to the overhead lines, there is a potential for events relating to underground vaults and power lines.

A higher probability of an electrical failure will occur during the warmer summer months and during Red Flag Warning days that include high temperature, low humidity, and high wind events.

4. Terrorist Event
• Ranking: Probability Medium with High Impact
Terrorism, as defined by the FBI, is "the unlawful use of force against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population or any segment thereof, in the furtherance of political or social objectives.

The tactics of terrorism are diverse. As important as the actual attacks is the cultivation in the target population of the fear of such attacks, so that the threat of violence becomes as effective as actual violence. Terrorist tactics tend to favor attacks that avoid effective countermeasures and exploit vulnerabilities.

As such, terrorists have the potential to utilize many different types of tactics both conventional and unconventional. Some of these tactics include shootings, kidnappings, bombings, suicide attacks, bioterrorism, agroterrorism, nuclear terrorism, and cyberterrorism. From 2010 to 2023 there have been roughly 40 confirmed domestic terrorist incidents (See Riverside County OA MJHMP Section 4.0)

5. Water Supply Disruption/Contamination
• Ranking: Probability Medium with High Impact
The Corona Department of Water and Power is responsible for the provision of water, serving approximately 150,000 customers. Currently, approximately half of the City's water is imported (via the Metropolitan Water District) and the other half is produced via local groundwater wells.

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Most of the City's groundwater wells do not have back-up generator power. This critical water source has great potential to be compromised by a power failure.

A lack of pumping capability could interrupt water supply and delivery to thousands of residents. A power failure could deeply affect water supplies to residents, hospitals, and other essential facilities. The loss of potable water is one of the most devastating effects from a natural disaster and can have long-term and lethal impacts. The lack of drinking water quickly leads to water-borne illness and dehydration and these conditions disproportionately affect the elderly, young and infirm.

In addition, water reservoir failure could critically impair the City's fire fighting capabilities. The Corona Fire Department currently uses potable water for fighting fires.

Plans are in place for the recycled water to be utilized as new infrastructure is constructed and more water is treated for recycled use. However, City-wide availability of recycled water for firefighting is several years away.

On June 4, 2008, the Governor of the State of California proclaimed a condition of statewide drought and strongly encouraged local agencies to take aggressive, immediate action to reduce water consumption and prepare for potentially worsening conditions. Once again, conditions worsened and on January 17, 2014, California State Governor, Jerry Brown, declared a drought state of emergency. On April 17, 2018, Brown issued Executive Order B-40-17, officially ending the drought state of emergency in all California counties except Fresno, Kings, Tulare, and Tuolumne.

During these times the City of Corona adopted, implemented, and enforced water conservation programs to reduce the quantity of water used by consumers within the City to ensure that there was sufficient water for human consumption, sanitation, and fire protection. The City was diligent in conserving water, resulting in a nearly 20% reduction in Corona over the declared drought period.

The City is authorized to declare a water shortage emergency to prevail within its jurisdiction when it finds and determines that the City will not be able to or cannot satisfy the ordinary demands and requirements of water consumers without depleting the water supply of the City to the extent that there would be insufficient water for human consumption, sanitation, and fire protection.

Corona can be subject to drought conditions and water shortages. It is important to note that droughts do not happen overnight, they are a slow buildup of conditions.

Climate change has the potential to impact drought events.

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6. Flood
• Ranking: Probability High with High Impact
There are 3,907 properties in Corona that have a greater than 26 chance of being severely affected by flooding over the next 30 years. This represents 17 percent of all properties in Corona.

Several creeks, washes, channels, and flood zones are contained in the Planning area of Corona. Areas of the City adjacent to the Santa Ana River, Temescal Creek and Mabey Canyon Wash are designated as Flood Zone A, which indicates the area is inundated by one percent annual chance flooding.

Portions of the Planning Area surrounding the Temescal Wash, Main Street Wash, and the Arlington Channel have been designated as Flood Zone X500, which is inundated by 0.2 percent annual chance flooding. Other portions of the Planning Area are either designated as Flood Zone D, which is an area with undetermined possible flood hazards, or Flood Zone X, which lies outside the one percent and 0.2 percent annual chance flood plains. See Figure 4.7.2 – Flood Zones.

Several creeks, washes, channels, and flood zones are contained in the Planning area of Corona. Areas of the City adjacent to the Santa Ana River, Temescal Creek and Mabey Canyon Wash are designated as Flood Zone A, which indicates the area is inundated by one percent annual chance flooding.

Portions of the Planning Area surrounding the Temescal Wash, Main Street Wash, and the Arlington Channel have been designated as Flood Zone X500, which is inundated by 0.2 percent annual chance flooding. Other portions of the Planning Area are either designated as Flood Zone D, which is an area with undetermined possible flood hazards, or Flood Zone X, which lies outside the one percent and 0.2 percent annual chance flood plains. See Figure 4.7.2 – Flood Zones.

Temescal Wash has the highest flooding potential in the Corona Planning Area. Due to the size of the Temescal Watershed and the amount of rainfall received, several peak discharges have been recorded.

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The Planning Area has experienced major flooding during periods of heavy runoff. The 1969 flooding in Temescal Wash caused extensive damage, which was determined to be higher than 100-year storm levels.

Major flooding in the Planning Area could occur along the Temescal Wash and in west Corona, and storm sheet flows would produce a variety of damage depending upon the location.

A levee is a raised area that runs along the banks of a river or canal. Levees reinforce the bank and help prevent flooding. Levees reduce, not eliminate, the risks to individuals and the structure behind them. It is important to remember that no levee provides protection from events for which it was not designed.

This sheet flow would be the result of overflows from the Oak Street Channel, Lincoln Avenue drain, Main Street Channel, Buena Vista drain, and Taylor Avenue drain. Other significant flooding areas are found along the open channel facilities near the City Yard.

These facilities are determined to be inadequate for the 2-year storm event.

The City participates in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), as administered through the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Consequently, property owners can purchase Federal Flood Insurance.

In turn, the City has identified flood hazard areas and protective controls, including land use planning measures to reduce the potential risk of flood damage to property and loss of human life. As of 2021, the City offers sandbag stations located at Santana Park.

Bulk sand and empty bags are available as a self-serve station. Corona residents may take up to 10 free sandbags.

Periods of heavy rainfall caused by multiple atmospheric in California between December 31, 2022, and March 25, 2023, resulted in floods that affected Riverside County. The flooding resulted in property damage.

7. Emergent Disease/Contamination
• Ranking: Probability Low with High Impact
Infectious diseases have for centuries ranked wars and famine as major challenges to human progress and survival. They remain among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide.

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Against a constant background of established infections, epidemics of new and old infectious diseases periodically emerge, greatly magnifying the global burden of infections.

Studies of these emerging infections reveal the evolutionary properties of pathogenic microorganisms and the dynamic relationships between microorganisms, their hosts, and the environment.

Climate change may well be the pre-eminent challenge of our time and it is already having a significant and measurable impact on California’s environment. Climatic factors influence the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases, in addition to multiple human, biological, and ecological determinants.

Climatologists have identified upward trends in global temperatures and now estimate an unprecedented rise of 2.0°C by the year 2100. Of major concern is that these changes can affect the introduction and dissemination of many serious infectious diseases.

The risk for emergent diseases has been heightened in recent years because of COVID19. First identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the City of Corona was impacted by COVID-19 both from an economic and community-based standpoint.

There is an annual risk of an infectious disease outbreak.

8. Transportation Failure
• Ranking: Probability Medium with High Impact
The City of Corona’s extensive transportation network which includes state highways, public transit, rail lines, and municipal airport provide additional associated incident risks that may cause severe injuries and/or deaths. Two major freeways and one railroad transect Corona. The Riverside Freeway (SR-91) runs east/west directly north of the City’s center, Interstate 15 (I-15) runs north/south near the eastern edge of the City.

Along with the potential for death and injuries from large-scale motor vehicle accidents, there is the potential for hazardous material spills or fires as numerous commercial transportation vehicles travel the highways and freeways with various types and quantities of hazardous materials.

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The BNSF Railroad parallels SR-91, it is a strictly commercial freight transportation system. Large quantities and numerous types of hazardous materials are transported through Corona by rail daily.

These corridors are major transportation routes to the economic center of Orange County from the Inland Empire.

The primary hazard with rail service has not been any train vs. train or track derailments.

There continues to be a large number of train v. vehicle or train v. pedestrian accidents in the City.

These accidents have caused both traffic and rail service delays. The danger with these types of accidents is that they can create train derailments or accidents when the train impacts with a vehicle or when the train engineer attempts to stop the train quickly.

The Corona Municipal Airport is home to 350-400 general aviation aircraft and is strictly a recreational airport with no commercial flights. Although small, the airport is extremely active, with approximately 50,000 annual operations. The City's transportation network of roads, freeways, rail lines and airport has been a priority in the City’s planning and mitigation efforts.

A Traffic Safety Plan has been implemented for the management of traffic events that occur in the City. Public Works, Police, and Fire have identified routes through the City to mitigate traffic issues that might occur. Command Posts, staging areas and other aspects of Incident Command have been addressed in the Traffic Safety Plan.

9. Communication Failure
• Medium Probability and Impact
One of the most immediate and significant impacts of disasters is the sudden and widescale breakdown or interruption of communications infrastructure.

When public communication networks fail, the impact can be widely felt and can wipe out access to standard mobile or landline telecommunications, in addition to Internet, fiber-optic cables, and even satellite-based emergency communication devices.

Whether these systems are completely or just partially knocked offline, communications systems during a disaster can be the difference between life and death for those affected.

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Locating those who may be trapped or injured becomes nearly impossible for emergency responders, and rescue efforts are further complicated by the inability to coordinate via standard methods of communication.

In addition to disruptions caused by physical damage you will more than likely encounter network congestion.

When disaster strikes, the “pipes” that make up our communications networks often become congested with exceptionally high levels of data traffic, as those impacted seek to contact family and friends, emergency personnel work to coordinate relief efforts, and hundreds more upload pictures and videos of the damage.

Aggregation hubs are often the failure point for congested networks. This occurs when data from several smaller sources flows into a central processing point and creates bottlenecks. When this happens, communication can be severely limited or cut off completely.

The probability of technology disruptions is on the rise nationally and locally. The probability of occurrence of cyber threats is increased with increased reliance on the internet and cloud-based computing. Local governments are increasingly being targeted by cyber criminals on the basis that they have fewer resources to defend themselves.

10. Pandemic Flu
• Ranking: Probability Low with High Impact
An influenza pandemic is a global outbreak of a new influenza A virus. A novel influenza A virus is one that has caused human infection but is different from current seasonal human influenza A viruses spreading among people. Novel influenza A viruses can be viruses that originate in animals that gain the ability to infect humans or human viruses that change significantly to be different from current human seasonal influenza A viruses.

Some novel flu A viruses are believed to pose a greater pandemic threat than others and are more concerning to public health officials because they have caused serious human illness and death and have been able to spread in a limited manner from personto-person. Novel influenza A viruses are of extra concern because of the potential impact they could have on public health if they gained the ability to spread from personto-person easily, triggering a pandemic.

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The most recent pandemic (COVID-19) showed that infectious diseases can occur at any given time during the year. The world is still dealing with the effects of COVID-19.

New cases of and death rates of COVID-19 are rising globally daily but not at the rate it was during 2020 and 2021.

Locally, the City of Corona was impacted by COVID-19 both from an economic and community-based standpoint from 2020 through 2023. The probability of an annual risk of experiencing an infectious disease outbreak in the City of Corona is a continued threat. Infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics will occur on an ongoing basis.

11. Vulnerable Populations
Factors such as age, physical conditions, socioeconomic status, access to key services, and many other factors affect the ability of residents to prepare for and protect themselves and their property from a catastrophic event. Higher income households for example, are more likely to afford the cost of retrofitting homes to resist flooding than a lower income household. As a result, the higher-income household is less likely to experience significant damage during a flood event than the lower income household, even if the same amount of rain falls on both.

The following groups can be considered vulnerable or at a greater risk during an emergency:
• Infants and small children under age 3
• Women who are pregnant
• Elderly (age 65 older)
• Homeless
• Obese and bedridden
• Mentally ill
• Cognitive disabilities
• Medical conditions (heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure) • Those requiring life-saving medications (high blood pressure, depression) • Drug or alcohol addiction
• Mobility constraints
• Non-English speakers

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FEB 2023
Figure 4.4.1 – Earthquake Fault Zones for City of Corona 2023

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Figure 4.4.2 – Flood Zones for City of Corona 2023

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Figure 4.4.3 – Fire Hazard Zones for City of Corona

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SECTION 5.0 – COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM

5.1 REPETITIVE LOSS PROPERTIES
The National Flood Insurance Program's (NFIP) Community Rating System (CRS) is a voluntary incentive program that recognizes and encourages community floodplain management activities that exceed the minimum NFIP requirements.

As a result, flood insurance premium rates are discounted to reflect the reduced flood risk resulting from the community actions meeting the three goals of the CRS:

1. Reduce flood losses.

2. Facilitate accurate insurance rating; and

3. Promote the awareness of flood insurance.

On March 7, 2022, City of Corona had a meeting with California Department of Water Resources so that the City’s floodplain management program be in full compliance with the minimum NFIP requirements. As of 2022, the City has 38 repetitive loss properties, with 65 claims paid since 1978. As of 2023, there are currently 68 insurance policies in force with approximately $24,825,500 in coverage. We currently do not have the historical data regarding the loss properties available. This data is being requested from FEMA and will be added to the LHMP before the next update.

5.2 NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROPERTIES
The City of Corona has participated in the National Flood Insurance Program since 1978. This section was reviewed by the LHMP planning team, and no changes from the 2018 LHMP update.

a. Describe participation in NFIP, including any changes since previously approved plan. Corona’s recent activity related to NFIP includes updated Riverside County Flood Insurance Study and digitized Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) on August 28, 2008. City of Corona Floodplain Management Ordinance updated on December 3, 2008. In the 2020 General Plan Update, reference to the 100-Year and 500-Year Flood Zones.
b. Date first joined NFIP - May 15, 1978

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c. Identify actions related to continued compliance with NFIP – Corona Floodplain Management Ordinance was updated in 2008 to meet the minimum NFIP requirements pursuant to Title 44 Code of Federal Regulations Sections 59,

60.3-60.6, and 65.3 and the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) Model Ordinance.

The Public Works Department reviews development permit applications and plans to ensure they are following our Ordinances and requires map revisions as necessary and maintains records such as elevation certificates, Letters of Map Changes, and Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) for public availability. In 2022, an NFIP Community Assistance Contact (CAC) Questionnaire was sent out to the public. The questionnaire covered 5 topic areas: 1. Floodplain management regulations 2. Map availability and accuracy 3. Floodplain development review process 4. Record keeping 5. FEMA/State Assistance
d. The Community Services and Public Works Department investigate violations and issue enforcement orders to bring developments in compliance with City Ordinances.
e. CRS member – No
f. CRS class – n/a
g. Describe any data used to regulate flood hazard area other than FEMA mapsRiverside County Flood Insurance Study issued August 28, 2008; Drainage studies used to support CLOMR and LOMR issuance. No-rise Certification is required pursuant to Chapter 18.20.050. (A) of Corona’s Municipal Code. h. Have there been issues with community participation in the program? No i. What are the general hurdles for effective implementation of the NFIP? Funding for updating outdated drainage studies and for performing new studies in previously unstudied flood hazard areas.
j. Summarize actions related to continued compliance with NFIP – Continued compliance can include communicating ordinance to the City’s website:
https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/corona/latest/corona_ca/0-0-0-56590. The City has a Master Drainage Plan but only available upon request and not

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accessible through the City’s website. The City would like to integrate training in the 2023-2028 LHMP cycle.

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SECTION 6.0 - CAPABILITIES ASSESSMENT
The City’s ability to reduce hazards by improving upon existing mitigation strategies or implementing newly identified mitigation strategies, include it’s legal and regulatory authorities, administrative, technical, and fiscal capabilities, and imperative to the success of all these strategies, are its continuous outreach, education, and partnership building capabilities.

6.1 REGULATORY MITIGATION CAPABILITIES
The City formally adopts, reviews, and updates regulatory policies and plans, along with implementing regulations such as zoning and subdivision ordinances. The City partners and coordinates with Riverside County Operational Area to ensure we are apprised of all regional efforts and adhere to State and Federal mandates.

The hazard mitigation plan update process provides the City with an opportunity to review, evaluate, and expand on existing policies, plans, and City programs. Figure 6.1.1. is an example of regulatory capabilities that assist the City in mitigation strategies.

Figure 6.1.1 Regulatory Mitigation Capabilities for City of Corona Regulatory Tool Yes/No Comments
General Plan Yes Comprehensive General Plan for the City 2020-2040: Long Range Policy Document
Zoning Ordinance Yes Corona Municipal Code (CMC) – Title 17 Subdivision Ordinance Yes Corona Municipal Code – Title 16 Site Plan Review Yes Development Plan Review CMC 17.102 Growth Management Ordinance No Included in Corona General Plan – Growth Development Plan
Floodplain Ordinance Yes Corona Municipal Code Title 18 Floodplain Insurance Rate Maps Yes Corona Municipal Code Title 18 Other special purpose ordinance
(storm water, water conservation,
wildfire)
Yes Water Conservation Ordinance, 2009; Chapter

13.26 of the Corona Municipal Code, Airport
General Provisions Title 4 CMC, Fire Facilities
Fee Chapter 3.36 CMC.

Building Code Yes Green Buildings Code, CMC 15.05.010, Fuel Modification CMC 15.12.110, Eave Protection
Chapter CMC 15.12.270.

Fire Department ISO Rating Yes Rating: 02/2X
Erosion or sediment control
program
Yes CMC 15.36.80 (Ord. 2806 and 2568)
Storm Water Management
Program
Yes CMC 13.27, Riverside County Drainage Area
Management Plan (DAMP), Draining Master
Plan-Riverside County NPDES co-permittee.

Capital Improvements Program Yes Five-year plan with annual updates.

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Economic Development Plan Yes The 2021 Economic Development Strategic Plan guides the City’s development, retention,
expansion, and resiliency efforts
Local Emergency Operations
Plan
Yes Emergency Operations Plan Updated 2022.

Recovery Annex Updated 2022.

Other Special Plans • Water Master Plan
• 2022 Community Wildfire Protection
Plan Update
• Urban Water Management Plan
• Corona DWP Standard Plans and
Specification for Sewer & Water
• 2022 Structure Protection Plan Update
• California Fire Code Chapter 49, 2010
• Hazardous Materials Area Plan,
California Fire Code
• Certified Unified Program Agency,
• Fire Mutual Aid Threat – S.O.L.A.R.

Plan
• 2021-2029 Corona General Plan
Housing Element Update
• Neighborhood Traffic Management
Program Community Handbook
• 2022 Cybersecurity Incident Response
Plan
Flood Insurance Study or other
engineering study for streams
Yes Riverside County Flood Insurance Study,
which includes City of Corona streams.

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6.2 ADMINISTRATIVE AND TECHNICAL MITIGATION CAPABILITIES The figure below shows City personnel responsible for activities related to hazard mitigation. Expertise is used in hazard mitigation identification, planning and strategies, and where information is shared across various City plans.

Figure 6.2.1 Administrative and Technical Mitigation Capabilities for Corona Personnel Resources Yes/No Describe Capability
Community Development
Director
Yes Knowledge of land development and
management practices.

Public Works Director Yes Understanding of construction practices related to infrastructure
Civil Engineer Yes Evaluation of physical construction
GIS Coordinator Yes Implement, updates, and manages maps Chief Building Official Yes Enforcement of laws and codes governing new building construction
IT Project Manager Yes Implementation of Cybersecurity Readiness Emergency Services Manager Yes All-Hazards Coordination and Response Health and Safety Manager Yes All-Hazards Health and Safety Grant Writer Yes Contract with outside consultant
Police Dispatch Manager Yes Warning systems, Reverse 911 Chief Financial Officer Yes Budgets and finance
Nurse Educator Yes Training, Quality Control, EMS Capacity HAZMAT Yes All-Hazards
Homeless Solutions Manager Yes Homeless Shelter management Warning Systems Yes Automated emergency notification system.

Mutual Aid Agreements Yes Interschool with Corona Norco Unified Mitigation Planning Committee No Created for this plan update Planner Yes Hire planner to work towards mitigation plan Emergency Manager Yes Alert and Warning
Maintenance Programs (Tree
Trim and Cleaning Drainage)
Yes Corona Norco Unified School District

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6.3 FISCAL MITIGATION CAPABILITIES
The figure below identifies financial tools and resources the City could potentially use to help fund mitigation activities. The City continually identifies potential Federal and State grant opportunities to supplement mitigation financial capabilities. See Section

6.5 Funding Opportunities.

Figure 6.3.1 - Fiscal Mitigation Capabilities for City of Corona Financial Resources
Accessible/Eligible
to Use (Yes/No) Comments
Community Development Block
Grants
Yes Depending on budget &
grantor approval
Capital improvements project
funding
Yes Depending on available
budget
Authority to levy taxes for
specific purposes
Yes With voter/City council
approval
Fees for water, sewer, gas, or
electric services
Yes With voter/City council
approval
Impact fees for new
development
Yes With City Council
Approval
Incur debt through general
obligation bonds
Yes With voter/City council
approval
Incur debt through special tax
bonds
Yes With voter/City council
approval
Incur debt through private
activities
No With voter/City council
approval
Withhold spending in hazard
prone areas
Yes With voter/City council
approval
General Fund Yes With City Council
Approval
Measure X Yes With voter/City council
approval

6.4 MITIGATION OUTREACH AND PARTNERSHIPS
The City of Corona has an active emergency preparedness, education, and outreach programs. Mitigation strategies are taught throughout the year at various community events, fairs, schools, businesses, and other functions. The greatest outreach efforts are being conducted through our CERT Program that includes classes provided for Corona Norco Unified School District and public and private sector partnerships.

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Monthly outreach and education events are scheduled for 2023 into 2025 that include the following:
• Sound the Alarm Event in March of 2023 with American Red Cross:
o Installation of Fire Alarms
• Special Needs Prom at Crossroads Church
o Integration with Special Needs Population
• Corona Day of the Child Event in April of 2023
o Education and Outreach to the Community
• Relay for Life Event in May of 2023
o Education and Outreach to the Community
• National Night Out in August of 2023
o Education and Outreach to the Community
• Christmas Tree Lighting in November of 2023
o Education and Outreach to the Community
The City coordinates with local profit, non-profit, volunteer, and special district entities, such as the school district, the hospital, and the American Red Cross in addition to our Operational Area partners and their volunteer organizations, to plan for and participant in all hazards joint training and exercises. The vast array of knowledge and resources these entities bring to the table greatly improves our emergency management capabilities.

An example of these coordinated planning and training efforts is our City’s participation in the regional mass care and shelter planning as we incorporate planning for access and functional needs individuals. In addition, the City has designated cooling and warming centers to utilize during severe weather emergencies, when the establishment of a shelter is not necessary.

The Corona Fire Safe Council was established in 2022, made up of residents and fire officials to prepare the community from catastrophic wildfires. Corona Fire Department will facilitate and this will include the following:
• Community Risk Assessment to determine fuel hazards, evacuation routes, and overall risk.
• Community Home Ignition Workshops focus on defensible space concepts and hardening structures to protect homes from wildfires.

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One of the most successful systems used to improve upon and augment our City’s capabilities and resources is our participation and partnership in the various mutual aid systems. Our Police and Fire Departments participate in mutual aid agreements in the event the City’s forces are stretched beyond their capabilities.

CalOES coordinates the Emergency Management Assistance Act for the response of emergency management resources to assist in the management of emergencies and disasters. Our Corona Department of Water and Power participates in Cal WARN and the local ERNIE water resource mutual aid organizations. The City manages emergencies under the National Incident Management System (NIMS) which utilizes the Master Mutual Aid concept.

6.5 EXPANSION/EXPANDING UPON IMPROVEMENT MITIGATION

CAPABILITIES
There are a multitude of methods and processes that a jurisdiction may use to improve upon current capabilities to mitigate emergencies or disasters. The City of Corona has identified the below to support this thought process:

Personnel: Hiring of new staff in departments with identified weaknesses in capability or processes can and will make the staff stronger thereby increasing capabilities. Adding employees does not always work in parallel with capability. Through training and exercise, additional support resources and working groups can be potentially successful in the absence of additional staffing.
• Governance: Continue to ensure that regulations are put in place relating to building codes, ordinances, and state and federal requirements. • Administrative: The administration capabilities can be improved upon by developing a mitigation action implementation plan that is reviewed and updated on a continuous basis. This can be used to update the LHMP over the coming years providing updates to the status of projects and actions. • Technical: Incorporate subject matter experts within City staff into emergency management planning that includes mitigation projects. • Fiscal: Utilize hazard mitigation grant funding to complete any projects that have been identified by the Hazard Mitigation Planning Team. • Outreach: Integrate the business community, HOA’s, and civic organizations through outreach events. This outreach and preparedness through social media can be effective.

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6.6 FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES
In addition to the fiscal capabilities identified in figure 6.3.1 – Fiscal Mitigation Capabilities for City of Corona, some of the greatest funding opportunities come in the form of State and Federal grants, such as the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program and the California Earthquake Authority (CEA) Earthquake Retrofit Grant Program.

The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) is authorized by Section 404 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended (the Stafford Act), Title 42, United States Code (U.S.C.) 5170c. The key purpose of HMGP is to ensure that the opportunities to take critical mitigation measures to reduce the risk of loss of life and property from future disasters are not lost during the reconstruction process following a disaster. HMGP is available, when authorized under a Presidential major disaster declaration, in the areas of the State requested by the Governor. The amount of HMGP funding available to the Applicant is based upon the total Federal assistance to be provided by FEMA for disaster recovery under the Presidential major disaster declaration.

The City of Corona applies for various grants to augment our mitigation financial capabilities. Examples of successful grants awarded to the City to assist in our mitigation efforts are as follows.

1. The City applied for and was awarded Hazard Mitigation Grant Program #4653-307-01R funding for a hydro-seeding project in the burn scar of the 2018 Canyon Fire. The approved activity is to hydro-seed 200,000 square feet of fire damaged area behind a residential area bordering 48 homes and infrastructure using an endemic mixture of California Native Species. The reestablishment of ground cover will assist in the prevention of or lessening the effects of erosion, flash flooding and debris flow.

2. This project was completed in February of 2019. The area of seeding is currently under maintenance contract as part of the LMD Zone 10 maintenance with Tropical Plaza. As of 2023, the area will be continuously irrigated and maintained as part of the mitigation process to ensure the success of seeding and growth into the future.

CEA Earthquake Retrofit Grants will be evaluated. The City will look to leverage this grant for older homes built before 2000. The CEA and the California Residential Mitigation Program (CRMP) will provide monetary grants to assist qualified

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homeowners in securing structural home improvements to reduce damage or collapse in the event of an earthquake.

SECTION 7.0 - MITIGATION STRATEGIES

7.1 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
The City of Corona coordinated through the Riverside County Emergency Management Department and other multiple cities and agencies throughout Riverside County in the creation/update of the 2023 LHMP. The cooperation and discussions both in regional meetings, community outreach, and internal meetings allowed a global perspective and local jurisdictional perspective to identify additional exposures and hazards within Corona.

Goal 1: Reduce loss of life and injuries.

Objective 1.1: Provide timely notification and direction to the public in preparation for and response to imminent and potential hazards.

Objective 1.2: Protect public health and safety through mitigation, preparing for, responding to, and recovering from the effects of natural disasters.

Objective 1.3: Reduce hazard impacts and protect life, property, and the environment from damage.

Goal 2: Reduce Hazard Related Property Losses
Objective 2.1: Encourage new development to occur in locations that avoid or minimize exposure to hazards.

Objective 2.2: Reduce hazard related property losses by enforcing strong building, fire, and municipal codes.

Objective 2.3: Reduce repetitive losses for fire, flood, and earthquakes by encouraging protective measures and by anticipating future events.

Objective 2.4: Reduce hazard impacts to critical facilities, utilities, and services through the implementation of mitigation strategies.

Objective 2.5: Continue to strengthen land use regulations in high hazard areas.

Goal 3: Protect the Environment
Objective 3.1: Mitigate the impact of recurring drought conditions that impact both ground water supply and the agricultural industry.

Objective 3.2: Protect the environment from hazardous material releases or exposures.

Objective 3.3: Protect the environment from sewage, wastewater, and storm water pollution or contamination.

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Goal 4: Improve coordination and collaboration with City Departments and partnering agencies throughout all phases of emergency management.

Objective 4.1: Coordinate with Riverside County EMD, Cal OES, and FEMA to ensure SEMS/NIMS compliancy and to ensure any updates or changes are instituted.

Objective 4.2: Improve City’s transition to continuity of operations for all hazard incidents.

Objective 4.3: Incorporate mitigation related activities into other disaster planning mechanisms, such as the General Plan, Climate Change Plan, Flood and Dam Failure Plan, and the Emergency
Operations Plan.

Objective 4.4: Participate in Operational Area meetings, committees, and exercises.

Goal 5: Improve Community and Agency Awareness
Objective 5.1: Improve mitigation and hazard related outreach to the public, businesses, and other stakeholders to increase their
understanding of the various types, locations and effects of hazards and vulnerabilities, and actions they can take to reduce those hazard impacts.

Objective 5.2: Improve, standardize, and expand the emergency preparedness education and outreach program.

7.2 MITIGATION ACTIONS
The City of Corona identified the following mitigation actions to be taken based on the Goals and Objectives established, pertinent to the hazard ranking assessment.

These actions are in addition to the on-going mitigation strategies identified in Section

7.3 and the projects to be completed in the comprehensive Five-Year Capital Improvement Program (CIP), which provides for the maintenance and improvement of the City’s infrastructure.

The following mitigation projects are from the 2018 LHMP update with status. 1) Goal 4: Reduce Hazard Related Property Losses
Objective 2.3: Reduce repetitive losses for fire, flood, and earthquakes by encouraging protective measures and by anticipating future events.

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Action: Design and construction of Corona MDP Line 52 to alleviate flooding on Grand Avenue and Joy Street
Responsible Dept: Utilities Department
Mitigated Hazard: Flood
Status: Completed in 2018
Funding: City General Fund – Capital Improvement Project 2) Goal 2: Reduce Hazard Related Property Losses
Objective 2.3: Reduce repetitive losses for fire, flood, and earthquakes by encouraging protective measures and by anticipating future events.

Action: Utilities Department in conjunction with Emergency Management Division will facilitate the creation of a Flood Plan for the City.

Responsible Dept: Utilities Department
Mitigated Hazard: Flood
Status: Completed in 2018
Funding: California Department of Resources – Statewide Grant Objective 2.3: Reduce repetitive losses for fire, flood, and earthquakes by encouraging protective measures and by anticipating future events. 3) Goal 2: Reduce Hazard Related Property Losses
Objective 2.4: Reduce hazard impacts to critical facilities, utilities, and services through the implementation of mitigation strategies.

Action: A comprehensive needs assessment, risk analysis, and prioritized implementation plan that will help Corona be prepared for and address power outages at critical facilities.

Responsible Dept: Department of Utilities
Mitigated Hazard: Power Failure
Status: Completed in 2020
Funding: Community Power Resiliency (CPR) Program

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4) Goal 2: Reduce Hazard Related Property Losses
Objective 2.3: Reduce repetitive losses for fire, flood, and earthquakes by encouraging protective measures and by anticipating future events.

Action: Department of Utilities in conjunction with Emergency Management Division will facilitate the creation of a flood plan for the City of Corona Responsible Dept: Department of Utilities and Fire Department Mitigated Hazard: Flood
Status: Completed in December 2021
Funding: California Dept. of Water Resources – Flood Emergency Response Projects – Statewide Grant
5) Goal 3: Protect the environment.

Objective 3.2: Protect the environment from hazardous material releases or exposures.

Action: The 2021 Hazardous Materials Area Plan was updated in coordination with Riverside County Environmental Health to assist in the prevention or mitigation of damage from the release or threatened release of hazardous materials.

Responsible Dept: Fire Department
Mitigated Hazard: Hazardous Materials Incident, Fire
Status: Completed 2021
Funding: State Homeland Security Grant Funds
The following mitigation projects have been identified by the responsible City department, scheduled, and a funding mechanism has been allocated for the 2023 LHMP update.

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The following are mitigation actions for this 2023 LHMP update which shows the highest mitigation action priority designated as priority #1, and the lowest mitigation priority designated as priority #12.

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Figure 7.2.1 Mitigation Actions for The City of Corona
Plan
Year Action Hazard Background/Benefit Departments Potential Funding Timeline Priority 2023
Enhance communication interoperability by
the integration of the Next Generation 911
(NG911) telecommunication system. The
NG911 will enable voice and multi-media
communications between the 911 caller,
PSAP, and first responders in catastrophic
events.

Earthquake
Improve coordination and
collaboration with City
Departments and partnering
agencies throughout all
phases of emergency
management
Police CalOES 911
Tax 1 Year 1
2023
Integration of mass notification system
Civic Ready.

Power Failure
Provide timely mass
notification and direction to the
public in preparation for and
response to imminent and
potential catastrophic hazard
and incidents
Police and Fire
PEG Fund
General
Fund
1 Year 2
2023
Coldwater Canyon Structural
Improvements
Flood
Reduces flood risk and
nuisance to traveling public,
these conceptual
improvements are pending
friendly acquisition of parcels
Public Works General
Fund 1 Year 3
2023
Longer Term Outdoor Conservation
Drought
Adding drought tolerant grass,
ground covers, and planting of
shrubs and trees
Community
Services
General
Fund 5 Years 4
2023
Education and Outreach Green Programs.

Corona will continue to expand and build
those programs for the next 5 years.

Wildfire
Education program that will
include cutting back overgrown
weeds and vegetation, and fire
trails for easier access
Public Works/Fire General
Fund 5 Years 5
2023
Reducing Urban Heat Extreme
Temperature
Trees, green roofs, and
vegetation added at City Hall,
and Corona Parks
Community
Services
General
Fund 5 Years 6
2023
Reforesting Effort Extreme
Temperature
Corona will add 15,000 trees
across parks, street parkways,
and residential areas
Community
Services
General
Fund 5 Years 6
2023 Removal of debris in waterways to reduce
flooding Winter Storms Routine inspection maintenance plans Public Works General Fund 3 Years 7 2023
Provide Community Emergency Response
Team training to the community. Offer this
twice a year to the community.

All Hazards
Improve community
awareness Fire SHSP Grant 1-4 Years 8
2023
Coordination with Caltrans, Riverside
County Transportation Commission with
the Corona Freeway Improvement
Projects.

Transportation
Improve coordination and
collaboration with City
Departments Public Works
Caltrans
District 8 and
General
Fund
1-5 Years 9

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2023
Develop a multi-year EOC training and
exercise plan, enhancing the City’s ability
to respond and recover from all hazard
incidents, lessening the negative impacts
to our residents.

All Hazards
Improve coordination and
collaboration with City
Departments and partnering
agencies throughout all
phases of emergency
management.

Fire / Emergency
Management
General
Fund and
EMPG
1-7 Years 10
2023 Update of the Structure Fire Protection
Plan in 2022.

Fire and
Earthquake
Reduce Hazard Related
Property Losses. Fire / Prevention General Fund 1-2 Years 11 2023
Conduct Active Shooter exercises citywide.

Enter scene under force protection to
provide care to victims that otherwise
would have died from preventable injuries.

Terrorism
Reduce loss of life and
injuries. Police and Fire General
Fund 1-3 Years 12

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7.3 ON-GOING MITIGATION STRATEGY PROGRAMS
The City of Corona has implemented and or updated several policies, procedures, programs and plans to lessen the impact of disasters and prevent the loss of life and property. Some of these on-going mitigation efforts are identified in the table below.

Figure 7.3.1 On-Going Mitigation Strategy Programs
Hazard Type Mitigation Action Mitigation Strategy
All 2023 LHMP Update and
annual review
Update 2023 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan to identify projects to decrease the impact of disasters and prevent the loss of life and property. Review to ensure priorities are not changed.

Contamination, Pollution,
Flood
Storm Water and Urban
Runoff Pollution
Prevention Program
Prevents pollution of local waterways, regulates what can be discharged into storm drains.

Transportation Failure,
Terrorism Traffic Management Center
Single location to monitor throughout the City over 70 traffic signals, 15 monitoring cameras and a video and data link between Caltrans District 8 TMC in San Bernardino.

Transportation Failure Advance Traffic Management
System
Ability to adjust timing of traffic signal systems on local streets and bottom of freeway ramps to assist in moderating
congestion.

Terrorism Train and Exercise PD & Fire
Tactical Response Team
Enter scene under force protection to provide care to victims that otherwise would have died from preventable death injuries.

HazMat, Transportation
Failure, Fire Hazardous Material Area Plan
Hazardous Material Area Plan assists in the prevention or mitigation of damage from the release or threated release of hazardous materials.

Pandemic Flu Pandemic Influenza Plan Facilitates coordination with local Public Health.

Fire, Transportation
Failure, Terrorism Emergency Airport Plan Corona Municipal Airport Emergency Plan, provides agency coordination, communication procedures and lines of authority.

Flood/Water Supply
Contamination
Sewer System Management
Plan
Sewer System Management Plan, outlines preventative
maintenance, schedule of maintenance ad response plan.

Water Supply
Disruption/Drought
Urban Water Management
Plan
Urba Water Management Plan – conservation and efficient water use
Climate Change, Fire Climate Action Plan Climate Action Plan – identifies and implements actions to reduce GHG emissions.

Fire Suppression Inspection Action
Plan
Suppression Inspection Action Plan – facilitates the completion of hazard reduction inspections.

Cybersecurity
2023/2024 Cybersecurity
Incident Response Plan
Update
The update will include mitigation for SQL injection attacks, implementation of the update will occur in late 2023 early 2024.

Power Disruption Power Resiliency Needs and
Risk Assessment
Comprehensive Needs assessment, risk analysis, and
prioritized implementation plan that will help guide the City of Corona for a power outage.

HazMat, Fire G&G Environmental Contract
Conduct on-site inspections for businesses housing hazardous materials to ensure compliance of State, County and local policies and procedures.

Communications
Failure/Fire
SOLAR/Multi – County Mutual
Threat Zone Guide
Continued participation with the SOLAR group in contingency planning for communications, resources, and response to mutual threat areas.

All EOC Upgrade Full EOC upgrade to include the ability to broadcast in and out of the EOC. New audiovisual capability.

All 2023 Emergency Response
Guide Update
Update of the Emergency Response Guide that includes
updated evacuation routes, assembly areas, and hazards.

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All Fire Master Training Plan
Improves the safety and performance of Department’s members for them to prevent or minimize loss of life, damage to the environment and loss of property.

All Police Active Shooter Training Provide Active Shooter Training beginning in 2023 into 2024 to 2026.

All Moving Medical Call Center to
Ontario in 2023
More resources to appropriate medical dispatch calls.

Climate Change 2019 Corona Climate Action
Plan Update
Incorporation of environmental responsibility into the everyday management of community operations.

7.4 FUTURE MITIGATION STRATEGIES
Below are identified mitigation strategies. A funding source has either not yet been identified for these projects or the project is only partially funded. The City of Corona is continuously looking for funding opportunities to augment its financial mitigation capabilities.

The City will continue to foster and develop Review Cooperative Agreements with the Cities of Norco, Riverside, and Eastvale in connection with hazard mitigation projects, outreach, and preparedness.
1) Goal 2: Reduce Hazard Related Property Losses
Objective 2.4: Reduce hazard impacts to critical facilities, utilities, and services through the implementation of mitigation strategies.

Action: Purchase and install back-up generators at City’s groundwater wells and blend station
Responsible Dept: Department of Utilities
Mitigated Hazard: Electrical Failure, Water Supply Disruption, Earthquake Status: In Progress but Delayed (Supply Chain Issues)
Funding: As of 2023, did not receive the HMGP funding, but did receive the Community Resiliency Funding, and purchased an
emergency generator for Well 17A that arrived in 2023.
2) Goal 2: Reduce Hazard Related Property Losses
Objective 2.4: Reduce hazard impacts to critical facilities, utilities, and services through the implementation of mitigation strategies.

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Action: Ensure the City’s oldest fire stations with ages ranging from 30 to 50 years of service can withstand a significant seismic event. Fire Station 2 will be replaced by the end of 2025 by the American Rescue Plan federal grant.

Station 3 will be replaced by the end of 2026 with seismic retro updates. This retrofitting will prevent displacement from the structure’s concrete foundation.

A comprehensive fire facility assessment will be completed by the fall of 2024 for overall capital improvement for the other 6 stations. Seven fire stations currently exist.

Responsible Dept: Fire Department
Mitigated Hazard: Earthquake, Electrical Failure
Status: In Progress
Funding: Federal Grant Funds
3) Goal 2: Reduce Hazard Related Property Losses
Objective 2.4: Reduce hazard impacts to critical facilities, utilities, and services through the implementation of mitigation strategies.

Action: Conduct maintenance identified in the Caltrans bridge inspection reports.

The passing of Senate Bill 1 will provide the City funding for repairs to roads and bridges. Advertising for Citywide Street improvement FY 2023 into September 2023, and begin construction in early 2024.

Responsible Dept: Public Works
Mitigated Hazard: Transportation Failure, Earthquake
Status: In Progress
Funding: In the CIP Budget
4) Goal 4: Improve coordination and collaboration with City Departments and partnering agencies throughout all phases of emergency management.

Objective 4.4: Participate in multi-agency multi-jurisdictional training and exercises.

Action: The City has included Norco College, City of Eastvale, City of Riverside in 2023 Functional Exercise, EOC Call Exercise, and CERT Trainings.

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Responsible Dept: Emergency Management
Mitigated Hazard: All Hazards
Status: Ongoing and Continuous
Funding: SHSP CERT and City General Fund
5) Goal 2: Reduce Hazard Related Property Losses
Objective 2.3: Reduce repetitive losses for fire, flood, and earthquakes by encouraging protective measures and by anticipating future events.

Action: Sandbag station at Santana Regional Park has been established next to the soccer field in 2023. The use of sandbags will prevent or reduce flood water damage. Properly filled and placed sandbags can act as a barrier to divert moving water around, instead of through buildings.

Responsible Dept: Community Services
Mitigated Hazard: Floods
Status: Continuous
Funding: City General Fund
SECTION 8.0 – PLAN IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCESS Implementation and maintenance of this 2023 LHMP is critical to the overall success of hazard mitigation planning. This is the 4th step in the planning process. This chapter provides an overview of the overall strategy for plan implementation and maintenance, and outlines the method and schedule for monitoring, updating, and evaluating the LHMP.

We will review the LHMP and assess. The LHMP will be reviewed continuously and updated after a significant training or incident. The goals and objectives and address current and expected conditions.
• If the nature, magnitude, and/or type of risks have changed. • Current resources for implementing the plan and exploring new resources. • Implementation problems, such as technical, political, legal, or coordination issues with other agencies.
• The outcomes to ensure they are in line with the expected outcome, if not we will modify plan.

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• Changes in Federal, State, or local ordinances, laws, and regulations • Involve the public by posting notices on websites and announcements during public meetings intent to review and update LHMP allowing for public comment and input continuously.

If we discover changes that have occurred during the evaluation, we will update the LHMP Revision Page, and notify Riverside County EMD to update our Annex. • The Fire Department Emergency Services Division will coordinate the monitoring, evaluation, and update of the LHMP.
• The City has incorporated the LHMP by adoption into the Safety Element of the City’s General Plan.

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SECTION 9.0 – INCORPORATION INTO EXISTING PLANNING

MECHANISMS
The City has incorporated the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan by adoption into the Safety Element of the City’s General Plan, Emergency Operations Plan, Recovery Annex, and Continuity of Operations Plan. The Safety Element includes discussion of fire, earthquake, flooding, and landslide hazards. Based on the ranking of hazards identified in the LHMP priority of mitigation projects to address these hazards will be determined and used in the development of the City’s Capital Improvement Plan.

In addition, the City has often developed plans, policies and adopted ordinance to assist in the mitigation of hazards identified in the LHMP. These mitigation efforts can be seen in the following figures:

See Figure 3.5.1 Mitigation Project Updates
See Figure 6.1.1 Regulatory Mitigation Capabilities
See Figure 7.3.1 On-Going Mitigation Strategy Programs
The City of Corona Office of Emergency Management will be incorporating and/or leverage the information from the LHMP into the:
• Emergency Operations Plan
• General Plan
• Climate Action Plan
• Continuity of Operations Plan
• Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan
• Wildland Urban Interface Fire Area Plan
• Pandemic Influenza Plan
The City will be incorporating the LHMP into the City’s update to the General Plan. The City will continue to incorporate new LHMP information into other plans where appropriate. The LHMP will be utilized to assess future developments in accordance with the General Plan. In addition to reviewing future development against relevant land use and zoning regulations, building and fire codes, and environmental and engineering standards, it will also be reviewed against the LHMP. The LHMP will also serve as a reference for suggested mitigation measure to reduce or eliminate risk from those hazards.

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SECTION 10.0 - CONTINUED PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT
Continued public involvement is imperative to the overall success of the LHMP implementation. The update process provides an opportunity to solicit participation from new and existing stakeholders and to publicize success stories from the plan implementation and seek additional public comment. The LHMP maintenance and update process will include continued public and stakeholder involvement and input through attendance at City Council Meetings, Community Based Organization meetings, through the Corona Fire Safe Council, CERT Trainings, other meetings or events that may be scheduled, web postings, social media, and public hearings.

If any changes are made in the Scheduled Plan Maintenance Process, the public will be notified through actions taken at City Council meetings by posting of the agenda, cable TV viewing of these meetings, posting on the City’s website and outreach at community meetings.

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APPENDIX A – PLANNING TEAM MEETINGS
Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJLHMP) Update Steering Committee Meeting Minutes
Date: October 5, 2022
Time: 10:00 a.m. to 11:30 a.m.

Email Designated for LHMP: [email protected]
Brian MacGavin called the meeting to order and reviewed housekeeping items and meeting minutes from August 3, 2022.

Meeting Purpose: To provide a forum for MJLHMP participants to be able to share information and provide feedback into the oversight of the MJLHMP update process.

Review of Update / Requirements and timeline.
o Jennifer Smith reviewed the immediate update requirements and the MJLHMP timeline. o August-October: identify goals, objectives, and actions to take and have data compiled. o Inventory Worksheets and Risk Assessments should be completed by October 25 and mitigation actions should be finalized In November.
o A Teams meeting will be held with all county department representatives on October 25 to discuss completing Inventory and Risk Assessments that are due by October 25th.

Data Collection and HAZUS
o Breakdown of every risk category.
▪ https://hazards.fema.gov/nri/map
o Risk Assessment Survey has been sent out.

Tracking and Scoring Mitigation Projects
o Brian MacGavin presented information on the tracking and scoring of mitigation projects. o A new spreadsheet will be formulated for 2023 mitigation projects and actions. o Separate spreadsheets will be reviewed as we go forward with the update.

Jurisdictional and County Department Assessments
o William Luna provided information on completing jurisdictional and county department assessments.

Additional Discussion and Feedback
o Something to do after plan is approved, going back and reviewing the definitions.

Next steps and Action Items
o Complete Inventory Worksheets and Risk Assessments.
o Contact Brian MacGavin, Jennifer Smith, or William Luna for assistance or questions.

Adjournment / Next Meeting
o Brian MacGavin adjourned the meeting and announced that the next meeting will be on January 4, 2023.

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Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJLHMP) Update OA Steering Committee Agenda
Date: January 4, 2023
Time: 10:00 AM to 11:30 AM
Subject Time Presented by Purpose Attachments
Introductions / Housekeeping 10 mins.

Brian
MacGavin
Inform Sign-in Sheet
Review of Minutes from October 5, 2022 5 mins.

Brian
MacGavin
Inform October 5, 2022 Steering
Committee Minutes
Review of update requirements and timeline 10 mins.

Jennifer Smith Inform Local Mitigation Plan
Review Guide & Timeline
GIS / Data Collection 10 mins.

Moses
Martinez
Information
2023-2028 Tracking and Scoring Mitigation
Projects / Actions 15 mins.

Brian
MacGavin
Inform Mitigation Projects
Spreadsheet
Jurisdictional LHMP Status Reports 15 mins.

William Luna Information
Additional Discussion and Feedback from
Steering Committee Members 15 mins.

All Discuss N/A
Next Steps /Action Items 5 mins.

Brian
MacGavin
Discuss N/A
Adjourn / Next Meeting 2 mins.

Brian
MacGavin
Inform
N/A

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APPENDIX B – PLANNING TEAM MEMBERS

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APPENDIX C – PUBLIC OUTREACH

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APPENDIX B – INVENTORY WORKSHEETS

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RIVERSIDE COUNTY MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL LOCAL

HAZARD MITIGATION AGENCY

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2023 INVENTORY WORKSHEETS
City of Corona
JUNE 2023

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction: These documents are meant to be discussed, used, and reviewed by a multi-disciplinary team. Participation by a wide range of stakeholders who play a role in identifying and implementing mitigation actions is required.

SPECIAL CONCERNS:

1. The completed Letter of Commitment has been returned to EMD.

2. The completed Letter of Participation has been returned to EMD.

1. Local Jurisdiction Contact Information Page 3

2. Hazard Identification Questionnaire Pages 4-6

3. Specific Hazards Summary Page 7

4. Jurisdiction Vulnerability Worksheet Pages 8-9

5. Jurisdiction Mitigation Strategies and Goals Pages 10-14

6. Local Jurisdiction Proposed Mitigation Action
and Strategy Proposal Pages 14-16

7. Local Jurisdiction Development Trends Pages 17-18

8. Appendix A-Plan Review Tool Pages A1-10
Appendix A the Plan Review Tool for your reference. This is the document Cal EMA and FEMA will utilize to verify that all the required information is in the submitted documents.

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1. LOCAL JURISDICTION CONTACT INFORMATION
The information on this page identifies:
• Jurisdiction and the contact person
• Jurisdiction's service area size and population
• EOP Plan and a Safety Element of their General Plan
PLEASE PROVIDE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:

Agency/Jurisdiction: City of Corona
Type Agency/Jurisdiction: Local Government
Contact Person: Title: Emergency Services Manager
First Name: Lee Last Name: Shin
Agency Address: Street: 735 Public Safety Way
City: Corona
State: CA
Zip: 92880
Contact Phone 951-496-1299 FAX 951-736-2497
E-mail [email protected]
Population Served 161,823 Square Miles Served 39.2
Does your organization have a general plan? Yes
Does your organization have a safety component to the general plan? Yes What year was your plan last updated? 2018
Does your organization have a disaster/emergency operations plan? Yes What year was your plan last updated? 2023
Do you have a recovery annex or section in your plan? Yes Do you have a terrorism/WMD annex or section in your plan? Yes

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2. Hazard Identification Questionnaire
The purpose of the questionnaire is to help identify the hazards within your service area. The list was developed from the first round of meetings with the various working groups in the 2023 plan creation, and from the hazards listed in the County's General Plan. Each hazard is discussed in detail in Part I of the 2023 LHMP. The information will be used as the basis for each jurisdiction to evaluate its capabilities, determine its needs, and to assist in developing goals and strategies. The information identifies:
a) What hazards can be identified within or adjacent to the service area of the jurisdiction.
b) Which of those hazards have had reoccurring events.
c) What specific hazards and risks are considered by the jurisdiction to be a threat specifically to the jurisdiction? ( These locations should be identified by name and location for inclusion in the Specific Hazard Summary Table). a. Specific types of facilities owned and operated by the jurisdiction. b. Locations damaged from prior disasters or hazard causing events. d) Information about the jurisdiction's EOC
With your Multi-Disciplinary Planning Team:
a. Instructions for Updating Jurisdictions, with your planning team: Review your old Questionnaire for accuracy and relevance, mark changes. b. Instructions for New Jurisdictions and Special Districts, with your planning team, meet and go over the questionnaire. Fill in YES, NO or NA on the Questionnaire.

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DOES YOUR ORGANIZATION HAVE:

AIRPORT IN JURISDICTION Yes
AIRPORT NEXT TO JURISDICTION No
DAIRY INDUSTRY No
POULTRY INDUSTRY No
CROPS/ORCHARDS No
DAMS IN JURISDICTION Yes
DAMS NEXT TO JURISDICTION Yes
LAKE/RESERVOIR IN JURISDICTION Yes
LAKE/RESERVOIR NEAR JURISDICTION Yes
JURISDICTION IN FLOOD PLAIN Yes
CONTROLLED FLOOD CONTROL CHANNEL Yes
UNCONTROLLED FLOOD CONTROL CHANNEL Yes
EARTHQUAKE FAULTS IN JURISDICTION Yes
EARTHQUAKE FAULTS NEXT TO JURISDICTION Yes
MOBILE HOME PARKS Yes
NON-REINFORCED FREEWAY BRIDGES No
NON-REINFORCED BRIDGES No
BRIDGES IN FLOOD PLAIN No
BRIDGES OVER OR ACROSS RIVER/STREAM Yes
ROADWAY CROSSING RIVER/STREAM No
NON-REINFORCED BUILDINGS No
FREEWAY/MAJOR HIGHWAY IN JURISDICTION Yes
FREEWAY/MAJOR HIGHWAY NEXT TO JURISDICTION Yes
FOREST AREA IN JURISDICTION No
FOREST AREA NEXT TO JURISDICTION Yes
WITHIN THE 50 MILES SAN ONOFRE EVACUATION ZONE Yes
MAJOR GAS/OIL PIPELINES IN JURISDICTION Yes
MAJOR GAS/OIL PIPELINES NEXT TO JURISDICTION Yes
RAILROAD TRACKS IN JURISDICTION Yes
RAILROAD TRACKS NEXT TO JURISDICTION Yes
HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITIES IN JURISDICTION Yes
HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITIES NEXT TO JURISDICTION Yes
HAZARDOUS STORAGE FACILITIES IN JURISDICTION Yes
HAZARDOUS STORAGE FACILITIES NEXT TO JURISDICTION Yes

DOES YOUR ORGANIZATION OWN OR OPERATE A FACILITY
IN A FLOOD PLAIN Yes
NEAR FLOOD PLAIN Yes
NEAR RAILROAD TRACKS Yes
NEAR A DAM Yes
UPSTREAM FROM A DAM Yes
DOWNSTREAM FROM A DAM Yes
DOWNSTREAM OF A LAKE Yes
DOWNSTREAM FROM A RESERVOIR Yes
NEAR A CONTROLLED FLOOD CONTROL CHANNEL Yes
NEAR UNCONTROLLED FLOOD CONTROL CHANNEL Yes
ON AN EARTHQUAKE FAULT Yes
NEAR AN EARTHQUAKE FAULT Yes
WITHIN THE 50 MILE SAN ONOFRE EVACUATION ZONE Yes
IN A FOREST AREA No
NEAR A FOREST AREA Yes
NEAR A MAJOR HIGHWAY Yes
A HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITY Yes

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION QUESTIONNAIRE

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NEAR A HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITY Yes
A HAZARDOUS STORAGE FACILITY Yes
NEAR A HAZARDOUS STORAGE FACILITY Yes
NON-REINFORCED BUILDINGS No
A MAJOR GAS/OIL PIPELINE No
NEAR A MAJOR GAS/OIL PIPELINE Yes
DOES YOUR ORGANIZATION HAVE ANY LOCATIONS THAT:

HAVE BEEN DAMAGED BY EARTHQUAKE AND NOT REPAIRED No
HAVE BEEN DAMAGED BY FLOOD Yes
HAVE BEEN DAMAGED BY FLOOD MORE THAN ONCE Yes
HAVE BEEN DAMAGED BY FOREST FIRE No
HAVE BEEN DAMAGED BY FOREST FIRE MORE THAN ONCE No
HAVE BEEN IMPACTED BY A TRANSPORTATION ACCIDENT Yes
HAVE BEEN IMPACTED BY A PIPELINE EVENT No

EMERGENCY OPERATIONS INFORMATION
DOES YOUR ORGANIZATION HAVE AN EOC Yes
IS YOUR EOC LOCATED IN A FLOOD PLAIN Yes
NEAR FLOOD PLAIN Yes
NEAR RAILROAD TRACKS Yes
NEAR A DAM Yes
UPSTREAM FROM A DAM Yes
DOWNSTREAM FROM A DAM Yes
DOWNSTREAM OF A LAKE Yes
DOWNSTREAM FROM A RESERVOIR Yes
NEAR A CONTROLLED FLOOD CONTROL CHANNEL Yes
NEAR UNCONTROLLED FLOOD CONTROL CHANNEL Yes
ON AN EARTHQUAKE FAULT No
NEAR AN EARTHQUAKE FAULT Yes
WITHIN THE 50 MILE SAN ONOFRE EVACUATION ZONE Yes
IN A FOREST AREA No
NEAR A FOREST AREA Yes
NEAR A MAJOR HIGHWAY Yes
A HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITY Yes
NEAR A HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITY Yes
A HAZARDOUS STORAGE FACILITY Yes
NEAR A HAZARDOUS STORAGE FACILITY Yes
NON-REINFORCED BUILDINGS No
A MAJOR GAS/OIL PIPELINE Yes
NEAR A MAJOR GAS/OIL PIPELINE Yes

OTHER FACILITY INFORMATION
ARE THERE LOCATIONS WITHIN YOUR JURISDICTION THAT:

COULD BE CONSIDERED A TERRORIST TARGET Yes
COULD BE CONSIDERED A BIO-HAZARD RISK Yes
With your planning team, list the “Yes” answers and discuss. Use the information as a group to summarize your jurisdiction’s hazards and vulnerabilities.

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3. SPECIFIC HAZARDS SUMMARY
This table helps to identify the information (name, owner, location, etc.) about the specific hazards identified in the Hazard Questionnaire.

In the Summary Table, list the basic information of the hazards identified by the jurisdiction in the Hazard Identification Questionnaire as a potential threat. These specific hazards were used in the development of response plans, maps, and other analysis data. a. Instructions for Updating Jurisdictions and Special Districts: With your planning team, review the “Yes” answers and see if there were any changes, if so, summarize why there is a difference from 2018 LHMP.
b. Instructions for New Jurisdictions and Special Districts: With your planning team, review the “Yes” answers and discuss. Use the information as a group to summarize your jurisdiction’s hazards and vulnerabilities.

SPECIFIC HAZARDS SUMMARY
Jurisdiction Hazard Type Hazard Name In
Jurisdiction?
Adjacent to
Jurisdiction?
Corona Dam Lake Mathews No Yes
Dam Prado No Yes
Fault Elsinore Yes Yes
Flood Channel Mabey Canyon Yes No
Flood Channel Temescal Creek Yes Yes
Hazmat Manufacturing Facility Downs Energy Yes No
Hazmat Manufacturing Facility Dart Containers Yes No
Hazmat Manufacturing Facility G & S Associates Yes No
Hazmat Manufacturing Facility Golden Cheese Yes No
Hazmat Manufacturing Facility GTM, Inc. Yes No
Hazmat Manufacturing Facility Hi-Country Yes No
Hazmat Manufacturing Facility Us Battery Yes No
Hazmat Manufacturing Facility Watson Pharmaceuticals Yes No Hazmat Storage Location Advanced Fuel Filtration Yes No Hazmat Storage Location All American Asphalt Yes No
Hazmat Storage Location Liston Aluminum Yes No
Hazmat Storage Location United Agri Products Yes No
Lake Lake Mathews No Yes
Pipeline Four Corners Oil Pipeline Yes No
Pipeline Natural Gas Yes No
Railroad Track BNSF Yes No
Reservoir Lake Mathews No Yes
River Santa Ana River No Yes

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4. JURISDICTION VULNERABILITY WORKSHEET
This table is a listing of the primary hazards identified by the 2022 LHMP working groups. Each jurisdiction was asked to evaluate the potential for an event to occur in their jurisdiction by hazard. They were also asked to evaluate the potential impact of that event by hazard on their jurisdiction. The impact potential was determined based on:

1. Economic loss and recovery

2. Physical loss to structures (residential, commercial, and critical facilities)

3. The loss or damage to the jurisdiction’s infrastructure

4. Their ability to continue with normal daily governmental activities

5. Their ability to quickly recover from the event and return to normal daily activities

6. The loss of life and potential injuries from the event.

The jurisdictions were asked to rate the potential and severity using a scale of between 0 and 4 (4 being the most severe). The jurisdictions were also asked to rank the listed hazards as they relate to their jurisdiction from 1 to 19 (1 being the highest overall threat to their jurisdiction).

With the assistance of the RCIP Plan and County Departments, Riverside County EMD conducted an extensive evaluation of the severity and probability potential for the county. The hazards were also ranked for the County. Those numbers and rankings were provided to the jurisdictions as a comparison guide.

A separate table was created to address the hazards relating to agriculture and was assessed by the agriculture working group.
a. Instructions for Updating Jurisdictions and Special Districts: Please review the table, determine if you’re ranking from the 2018 LHMP remains the same, and note that Pandemic has been added to the list. Please discuss and document new or unchanged severity and rankings.
b. Instructions for New Jurisdictions and Special Districts: Please evaluate the potential for an event to occur in your jurisdiction by hazard. Then, evaluate the potential impact of that event by hazard on your jurisdiction according to #1-6 from the potential impact list above.

NOTE: Under Medical, Pandemic was added. This was a result of COVID-19.

Source: 2005 LHMP – Verified 8/2012

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NAME: City of Corona AGENCY: DATE: 2/20/2023

COUNTY CITY OF CORONA
HAZARD

SEVERITY
0 - 4

PROBABILITY
0 - 4

SEVERITY
0 - 4

PROBABILITY
0 - 4

RANKING
1 - 19
EARTHQUAKE 4 2 4 3 1
WILDLAND FIRE 3 4 3 3 2
FLOOD 3 3 3 3 6

OTHER NATURAL HAZARDS
DROUGHT 3 3 3 3 12
LANDSLIDES 3 3 2 1 20
INSECT INFESTATION 2 3 1 1 18
EXTREME SUMMER/WINTER WEATHER 3 2 2 2 13

SEVERE WIND EVENT NA

AGRICULTURAL
DISEASE/CONTAMINATION 3 3 3 3 7
TERRORISM 3 1 4 2 4

OTHER MAN-MADE
PIPELINE 3 2 3 2 19
AQUEDUCT 3 2 2 2 22
TRANSPORTATION 3 2 3 2 8
POWER OUTAGE ELECTRICAL FAILURE 4 4 4 4 3
HAZMAT ACCIDENTS 3 4 3 2 14
NUCLEAR ACCIDENT 4 1 4 1 17
TERRORISM 3 1 4 2 4
CIVIL UNREST 3 2 2 2 16

MEDICAL
PANDEMIC 4 2 4 2 10

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JURISDICTION MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND GOALS
This comprehensive table is a listing of the various mitigation strategies, goals, and objectives developed by the 2023 LHMP working groups.

The jurisdictions were also given the opportunity to list additional strategies, goals, and objectives specific to their jurisdiction.

LOCAL JURISDICTION MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND GOALS
With your Planning Team
a. Instructions for Updating Jurisdictions and Special Districts: please review the table; determine if you’re ranking from the 2023 LHMP remains the same. b. Instructions for New Jurisdictions and Special Districts: please follow below:

Please evaluate the priority level for each listed mitigation goal identified below as it relates to your jurisdiction or facility. If you have any additional mitigation goals or recommendations, please list them at the end of this document.

Place an H (High), M (Medium), L (Low), or N/A (Not Applicable) for your priority level for each mitigation goal in the box next to the activity.

CITY OF CORONA 109
LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN - 2022 – 2027

CITY OF CORONA 110
LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN - 2022 – 2027

EARTHQUAKE
M Aggressive public education campaign in light of predictions M Generate new literature for dissemination to:

M ◊ Government employees
M ◊ Businesses
L ◊ Hotel/motel literature
M ◊ Local radio stations for education
M ◊ Public education via utilities
M ◊ Identify/create television documentary content
M Improve the Emergency Alert System (EAS)
M ◊ Consider integration with radio notification systems H ◊ Upgrade alerting and warning systems for hearing impaired H ◊ Training and maintenance
L Procure earthquake-warning devices for critical facilities H Reinforce emergency response facilities
N/A Provide training to hospital staffs
L Require earthquake gas shutoffs on remodels/new construction M Evaluate re-enforcing reservoir concrete bases
L Evaluate EOCs for seismic stability
H Install earthquake cutoffs at reservoirs
M Install earthquake-warning devices at critical facilities L Develop a dam inundation plan for new Diamond Valley Reservoir M Earthquake retrofitting
N/A ◊ Bridges/dams/pipelines
L ◊ Government buildings/schools
N/A ◊ Mobile home parks
L Develop educational materials on structural reinforcement and home inspections (ALREADY DEVELOPED) M Ensure Uniform Building Code compliance
M ◊ Update to current compliance when retrofitting
L Insurance coverage on public facilities
L Funding for non-structural abatement (Earthquake kits, etc.) L Pre - identify empty commercial space for seismic re-location L Electrical co-generation facilities need retrofitting/reinforcement (Palm Springs, others?) L Mapping of liquefaction zones
M Incorporate County geologist data into planning
N/A Backup water supplies for hospitals
M Evaluate pipeline seismic resiliency
M Pre-positioning of temporary response structures
M Fire sprinkler ordinance for all structures
L Evaluate adequacy of reservoir capaCity for sprinkler systems

CITY OF CORONA 111
LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN - 2022 – 2027
L Training/standardization for contractors performing retrofitting L Website with mitigation/contractor/retrofitting information L ◊ Links to jurisdictions
M ◊ Alerting information
L ◊ Volunteer information
M Evaluate depths of aquifers/wells for adequacy during quakes L Evaluate hazmat storage regulations near faults

COMMUNICATIONS IN DISASTER ISSUES
M Communications Interoperability
M Harden repeater sites
H Continue existing interoperability project
M Strengthen/harden
M Relocate
H Redundancy
M Mobile repeaters
FLOODS
L Update development policies for flood plains
L Public education on locations of flood plains
L Develop multi-jurisdictional working group on floodplain management L Develop greenbelt requirements in new developments
L Update weather pattern/flood plain maps
L Conduct countywide study of flood barriers/channels/gates/water dispersal systems M Required water flow/runoff plans for new development
M Perform GIS mapping of flood channels, etc.

L Install vehicular crossing gates/physical barriers for road closure H Maintenance of storm sewers/flood channels
M Create map of flood channels/diversions/water systems etc.

L Require digital floor plans on new non-residential construction M Upgrade dirt embankments to concrete
M Conduct countywide needs study on drainage capabilities H Increase number of pumping stations
L Increase sandbag distribution capacities
M Develop pre-planned response plan for floods
M ◊ Evacuation documentation
M ◊ Re-examine historical flooding data for potential street re-design L Training for City/county PIOs about flood issues
L Warning systems - ensure accurate information provided L ◊ Publicize flood plain information (website?)
L ◊ Install warning/water level signage
L ◊ Enhanced public information
L ◊ Road closure compliance