Exhibit M - Environmental Assessment No. T-6502/P24-04526/P24-04527/P25-00027 [7-16-2025] — Fresno City Council, August 14, 2025 (part 5 of 8)

2. Groundwater flow velocity.

1. Groundwater flow direction, and
Assessment of the impact of contaminant migration generally has two principle investigative components:
forming an opinion about the impact of potential contaminant migration.

EDR’s GeoCheck Physical Setting Source Addendum is provided to assist the environmental professional in Version Date: 2021
South Map: 50005800 MALAGA, CA
Version Date: 2021
Target Property Map: 50005747 CLOVIS, CA

USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
Elevation: 352 ft. above sea level
UTM Y (Meters): 4072085.0
UTM X (Meters): 262716.6
Universal Tranverse Mercator: Zone 11
Longitude (West): 119.658384 - 119˚ 39’ 30.18’’
Latitude (North): 36.766692 - 36˚ 46’ 0.09’’

TARGET PROPERTY COORDINATES
FRESNO, CA 93737
7298 E MCKINLEY AVENUE

MCKINLEY RANCH PROPERTY

TARGET PROPERTY ADDRESS
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE ADDENDUM ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-2
should be field verified.
on a relative (not an absolute) basis. Relative elevation information between sites of close proximity Source: Topography has been determined from the USGS 7.5’ Digital Elevation Model and should be evaluated SURROUNDING TOPOGRAPHY: ELEVATION PROFILES Elevation (ft) Elevation (ft) TP
TP
0 1/2 1 Miles ✩Target Property Elevation: 352 ft.

North South
West East 340 338 345 344 342 349 347 346 353 351 350 349 348 352 352 350 356 355 354 342 342 343 343 345 346 347 347 349 352 351 350 351 352 352 351 349 349 353 General Topographic Gradient: General West

TARGET PROPERTY TOPOGRAPHY
should contamination exist on the target property, what downgradient sites might be impacted. assist the environmental professional in forming an opinion about the impact of nearby contaminated properties or, Surface topography may be indicative of the direction of surficial groundwater flow. This information can be used to

TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
collected on nearby properties, and regional groundwater flow information (from deep aquifers). sources of information, such as surface topographic information, hydrologic information, hydrogeologic data using site-specific well data. If such data is not reasonably ascertainable, it may be necessary to rely on other Groundwater flow direction for a particular site is best determined by a qualified environmental professional

GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION INFORMATION
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-3
Not Reported

LOCATION GENERAL DIRECTION

MAP ID FROM TP GROUNDWATER FLOW
hydrogeologically, and the depth to water table.
authorities at select sites and has extracted the date of the report, groundwater flow direction as determined flow at specific points. EDR has reviewed reports submitted by environmental professionals to regulatory EDR has developed the AQUIFLOW Information System to provide data on the general direction of groundwater AQUIFLOW®
Search Radius: 1.000 Mile.

Status: Not found
Search Radius: 1.25 miles
Site-Specific Hydrogeological Data*:
* ©1996 Site−specific hydrogeological data gathered by CERCLIS Alerts, Inc., Bainbridge Island, WA. All rights reserved. All of the information and opinions presented are those of the cited EPA report(s), which were completed under a Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Information System (CERCLIS) investigation. contamination exist on the target property, what downgradient sites might be impacted. environmental professional in forming an opinion about the impact of nearby contaminated properties or, should of groundwater flow direction in the immediate area. Such hydrogeologic information can be used to assist the Hydrogeologic information obtained by installation of wells on a specific site can often be an indicator

HYDROGEOLOGIC INFORMATION
CLOVIS YES - refer to the Overview Map and Detail Map

NATIONAL WETLAND INVENTORY
NWI Electronic
NWI Quad at Target Property Data Coverage
Not Reported
Additional Panels in search area: FEMA Source Type
06019C1595H FEMA FIRM Flood data
Flood Plain Panel at Target Property FEMA Source Type

FEMA FLOOD ZONE
and bodies of water).

Refer to the Physical Setting Source Map following this summary for hydrologic information (major waterways contamination exist on the target property, what downgradient sites might be impacted. the environmental professional in forming an opinion about the impact of nearby contaminated properties or, should Surface water can act as a hydrologic barrier to groundwater flow. Such hydrologic information can be used to assist

HYDROLOGIC INFORMATION
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-4
Map, USGS Digital Data Series DDS - 11 (1994).
of the Conterminous U.S. at 1:2,500,000 Scale - a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman Geologic Age and Rock Stratigraphic Unit Source: P.G. Schruben, R.E. Arndt and W.J. Bawiec, Geology

ROCK STRATIGRAPHIC UNIT GEOLOGIC AGE IDENTIFICATION
Era: Cenozoic Category: Stratifed Sequence
System: Quaternary
Series: Quaternary
Code: Q (decoded above as Era, System & Series)
at which contaminant migration may be occurring.

Geologic information can be used by the environmental professional in forming an opinion about the relative speed

GEOLOGIC INFORMATION IN GENERAL AREA OF TARGET PROPERTY move more quickly through sandy-gravelly types of soils than silty-clayey types of soils. characteristics data collected on nearby properties and regional soil information. In general, contaminant plumes to rely on other sources of information, including geologic age identification, rock stratigraphic unit and soil using site specific geologic and soil strata data. If such data are not reasonably ascertainable, it may be necessary Groundwater flow velocity information for a particular site is best determined by a qualified environmental professional

GROUNDWATER FLOW VELOCITY INFORMATION
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY ®
1 EDR Inc.
4 1
3 2
2 5
1 0 1/16 1/8 1/4 Miles
SSURGO SOIL MAP - 7545227.2s
* Target Property
E 1
LAT/LONG:

SITE NAME:

ADDRESS:

Krazan & Associates, Inc.

Ken Sani
7545227.2s
January 19, 2024 1:10 pm
McKinley Ranch Property
7298 E McKinley Avenue
Fresno GA 93737

36.766692/119.658384
CLIENT:

CONTACT:

INQUIRY#:

DATE:
/ SSURGO Soil
// Water
N
TC7545227.2s Page A-6
Min: 6.6
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
and Sand.

Clayey Gravel
200), Silty, or
passing No.
pct. or less
materials (35
3 42 inches 59 inches loamy sand Granular
Min: 6.6
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
and Sand.

Clayey Gravel
200), Silty, or
passing No.
pct. or less
materials (35
2 24 inches 42 inches sandy loam Granular
Min: 6.6
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
and Sand.

Clayey Gravel
200), Silty, or
passing No.
pct. or less
materials (35
1 0 inches 24 inches loamy sand Granular
Soil Layer Information
Boundary Classification Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
micro m/sec Layer Upper Lower Soil Texture Class AASHTO Group Unified Soil Soil Reaction (pH) Depth to Watertable Min: > 0 inches
Depth to Bedrock Min: > 0 inches
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel: Moderate
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Soil Drainage Class: Well drained
textures.
moderately well and well drained soils with moderately coarse Hydrologic Group: Class B - Moderate infiltration rates. Deep and moderately deep, Soil Surface Texture: loamy sand
Soil Component Name: ATWATER
Soil Map ID: 1
in a landscape. The following information is based on Soil Conservation Service SSURGO data. for privately owned lands in the United States. A soil map in a soil survey is a representation of soil patterns Survey (NCSS) and is responsible for collecting, storing, maintaining and distributing soil survey information The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Soil Conservation Service (SCS) leads the National Cooperative Soil

DOMINANT SOIL COMPOSITION IN GENERAL AREA OF TARGET PROPERTY GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-7
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 42
Max: 141
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
sand.

Poorly graded
Clean Sands,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
and Sand.

Clayey Gravel
200), Silty, or
passing No.
pct. or less
materials (35
3 25 inches 59 inches sand Granular
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 42
Max: 141
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
sand.

Poorly graded
Clean Sands,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
and Sand.

Clayey Gravel
200), Silty, or
passing No.
pct. or less
materials (35
2 7 inches 25 inches sand Granular
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 42
Max: 141
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
sand.

Poorly graded
Clean Sands,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
and Sand.

Clayey Gravel
200), Silty, or
passing No.
pct. or less
materials (35
1 0 inches 7 inches sand Granular
Soil Layer Information
Boundary Classification Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
micro m/sec Layer Upper Lower Soil Texture Class AASHTO Group Unified Soil Soil Reaction (pH) Depth to Watertable Min: > 0 inches
Depth to Bedrock Min: > 0 inches
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel: Moderate
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Soil Drainage Class: Somewhat excessively drained
excessively drained sands and gravels.

Hydrologic Group: Class A - High infiltration rates. Soils are deep, well drained to Soil Surface Texture: sand
Soil Component Name: DELHI
Soil Map ID: 2
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-8
Soil Drainage Class: Well drained
textures.
moderately well and well drained soils with moderately coarse Hydrologic Group: Class B - Moderate infiltration rates. Deep and moderately deep, Soil Surface Texture: loam
Soil Component Name: RAMONA
Soil Map ID: 4
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
Soils.
200), Silty
passing No.
than 35 pct.

Materials (more
2 16 inches 72 inches fine sandy loam Silt-Clay
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
Soils.
200), Silty
passing No.
than 35 pct.

Materials (more
1 0 inches 16 inches fine sandy loam Silt-Clay
Soil Layer Information
Boundary Classification Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
micro m/sec Layer Upper Lower Soil Texture Class AASHTO Group Unified Soil Soil Reaction (pH) Depth to Watertable Min: > 0 inches
Depth to Bedrock Min: > 0 inches
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel: Moderate
Hydric Status: Partially hydric
Soil Drainage Class: Well drained
textures.
moderately well and well drained soils with moderately coarse Hydrologic Group: Class B - Moderate infiltration rates. Deep and moderately deep, Soil Surface Texture: fine sandy loam
Soil Component Name: HANFORD
Soil Map ID: 3
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-9
Soil Drainage Class: Well drained
textures.
moderately well and well drained soils with moderately coarse Hydrologic Group: Class B - Moderate infiltration rates. Deep and moderately deep, Soil Surface Texture: sandy loam
Soil Component Name: ATWATER
Soil Map ID: 5
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
Soils.
200), Silty
passing No.
than 35 pct.

Materials (more
Silt-Clay
loam
4 38 inches 59 inches coarse sandy
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
Soils.
200), Silty
passing No.
than 35 pct.

Materials (more
3 24 inches 38 inches clay loam Silt-Clay
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
Soils.
200), Silty
passing No.
than 35 pct.

Materials (more
2 11 inches 24 inches loam Silt-Clay
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
Soils.
200), Silty
passing No.
than 35 pct.

Materials (more
1 0 inches 11 inches loam Silt-Clay
Soil Layer Information
Boundary Classification Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
micro m/sec Layer Upper Lower Soil Texture Class AASHTO Group Unified Soil Soil Reaction (pH) Depth to Watertable Min: > 0 inches
Depth to Bedrock Min: > 0 inches
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel: Moderate
Hydric Status: Not hydric
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-10

FEDERAL USGS WELL INFORMATION

LOCATION

MAP ID WELL ID FROM TP
State Database 1.000
Federal FRDS PWS Nearest PWS within 1 mile
Federal USGS 1.000

WELL SEARCH DISTANCE INFORMATION
DATABASE SEARCH DISTANCE (miles)
opinion about the impact of contaminant migration on nearby drinking water wells. professional in assessing sources that may impact ground water flow direction, and in forming an EDR Local/Regional Water Agency records provide water well information to assist the environmental

LOCAL / REGIONAL WATER AGENCY RECORDS
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
Soils.
200), Silty
passing No.
than 35 pct.

Materials (more
3 0 inches 24 inches sandy loam Silt-Clay
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
Soils.
200), Silty
passing No.
than 35 pct.

Materials (more
2 40 inches 44 inches cemented Silt-Clay
Min: 6.1
Max: 7.3
Min: 14
Max: 42
Silty Sand.

Sands with fines,
SOILS, Sands,

COARSE-GRAINED
Soils.
200), Silty
passing No.
than 35 pct.

Materials (more
1 24 inches 40 inches sandy loam Silt-Clay
Soil Layer Information
Boundary Classification Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
micro m/sec Layer Upper Lower Soil Texture Class AASHTO Group Unified Soil Soil Reaction (pH) Depth to Watertable Min: > 0 inches
Depth to Bedrock Min: > 0 inches
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel: Moderate
Hydric Status: Not hydric
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-11
20 CADWR9000030170 1/2 - 1 Mile SSW
B19 CADWR0000024029 1/2 - 1 Mile SW
B18 CADWR0000027318 1/2 - 1 Mile SW
B17 CADWR0000020242 1/2 - 1 Mile SW
15 CADDW0000021730 1/2 - 1 Mile West
14 CADWR9000030324 1/2 - 1 Mile East
11 CAEDF0000029995 1/2 - 1 Mile NE
A10 CADWR9000030217 1/2 - 1 Mile SW
A9 CADWR0000022883 1/2 - 1 Mile SW
A8 CADWR0000012242 1/2 - 1 Mile SW
A7 CADWR0000007207 1/2 - 1 Mile SW
5 CADPR0000001406 1/2 - 1 Mile NE
4 CADPR0000003193 1/2 - 1 Mile North
1 CADWR9000030383 1/4 - 1/2 Mile NNW

STATE DATABASE WELL INFORMATION

LOCATION

MAP ID WELL ID FROM TP
Note: PWS System location is not always the same as well location.

No PWS System Found

FEDERAL FRDS PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM INFORMATION

LOCATION

MAP ID WELL ID FROM TP
22 USGS40000177256 1/2 - 1 Mile SSW
21 USGS40000177612 1/2 - 1 Mile NNE
16 USGS40000177317 1/2 - 1 Mile SE
13 USGS40000177422 1/2 - 1 Mile East
A12 USGS40000177334 1/2 - 1 Mile SW
6 USGS40000177437 1/2 - 1 Mile West
3 USGS40000177436 1/4 - 1/2 Mile East
2 USGS40000177378 1/4 - 1/2 Mile SW

FEDERAL USGS WELL INFORMATION

LOCATION

MAP ID WELL ID FROM TP
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY ®
1 EDR Inc.
360
360
3 6 0
3 6 0
CA
PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP - 7545227.2s
T I
\
HE )
I - £
। । । t Shields Ave 21
1 M lies N
LAT/LONG:

SITE NAME:

ADDRESS:

Public Water Supply Wells
Cluster of Multiple Icons
County Boundary
Major Roads
Contour Lines
Earthquake Fault Lines
Earthquake epicenter, Richter 5 or greater
Water Wells
Krazan & Associates, Inc.

Ken Sani
7545227.2s
January 19, 2024 1:10 pm
CLIENT:

CONTACT:

INQUIRY#:

DATE:

McKinley Ranch Property
7298 E McKinley Avenue
Fresno CA 93737

36.766692/119.658384
A/
AT
©
| Groundwater Flow Direction
(G i) Indeterminate Groundwater Flow at Location
(G v) Groundwater Flow Varies at Location
(HD) Closest Hydrogeological Data
• Oil, gas or related wells
|
N
1/4
—
1/2
—
0 U
I T
<
'/
1 A \
■GO
N Locan Ave
r
\
CM- 7
07 @
OJ
/
©
I
r
T N Fowler Ave
I
[5rd
P
TC7545227.2s Page A-13
Note: Not Reported
Feet below surface: 25.05 Feet to sea level: Not Reported Ground water levels,Number of Measurements: 1 Level reading date: 1963-10-21 Well Hole Depth Units: Not Reported
Well Depth Units: ft Well Hole Depth: Not Reported
Construction Date: Not Reported Well Depth: 115
Formation Type: Not Reported Aquifer Type: Not Reported Aquifer: Central Valley aquifer system
Contrib Drainage Area: Not Reported Contrib Drainage Area Unts: Not Reported Drainage Area: Not Reported Drainage Area Units: Not Reported Description: Not Reported HUC: 18030012
Monitor Location: 013S021E26Q001M Type: Well
Organization Name: USGS California Water Science Center Organization ID: USGS-CA
3 East
1/4 - 1/2 Mile
Higher
FED USGS USGS40000177436
Note: Not Reported
Feet below surface: 27.33 Feet to sea level: Not Reported Ground water levels,Number of Measurements: 1 Level reading date: 1963-10-21 Well Hole Depth Units: Not Reported
Well Depth Units: ft Well Hole Depth: Not Reported
Construction Date: Not Reported Well Depth: 160
Formation Type: Not Reported Aquifer Type: Not Reported Aquifer: Central Valley aquifer system
Contrib Drainage Area: Not Reported Contrib Drainage Area Unts: Not Reported Drainage Area: Not Reported Drainage Area Units: Not Reported Description: Not Reported HUC: 18030012
Monitor Location: 013S021E34A001M Type: Well
Organization Name: USGS California Water Science Center Organization ID: USGS-CA
2 SW
1/4 - 1/2 Mile
Lower
FED USGS USGS40000177378
Well Depth: 0 Well Completion Rpt #: Not Reported
Well Use: Unknown Well Type: Unknown
Well Name: Not Reported Basin Name: Kings
State Well #: 13S21E26L001M Station ID: 14123
1 NNW
1/4 - 1/2 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR9000030383
Map ID
Direction
Distance
Elevation Database EDR ID Number
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-14
date=&global_id=&assigned_name=13S21E35C003M&store_num= Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=DWR&samp_ Other Name: 13S21E35C003M GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported Source: Department of Water Resources
Well ID: 13S21E35C003M Well Type: UNK
A7
SW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR0000007207
Note: Not Reported
Feet below surface: 28.91 Feet to sea level: Not Reported Ground water levels,Number of Measurements: 1 Level reading date: 1963-10-21 Well Hole Depth Units: ft
Well Depth Units: ft Well Hole Depth: 196
Construction Date: 19610118 Well Depth: 92
Formation Type: Not Reported Aquifer Type: Not Reported Aquifer: Central Valley aquifer system
Contrib Drainage Area: Not Reported Contrib Drainage Area Unts: Not Reported Drainage Area: Not Reported Drainage Area Units: Not Reported Description: Not Reported HUC: 18030012
Monitor Location: 013S021E27Q001M Type: Well
Organization Name: USGS California Water Science Center Organization ID: USGS-CA
6 West
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
FED USGS USGS40000177437
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
date=&global_id=&assigned_name=79993&store_num=
Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=DPR&samp_ Other Name: 79993 GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported
Source: Department of Pesticide Regulation
Well ID: 79993 Well Type: UNK
5 NE
1/2 - 1 Mile
Higher
CA WELLS CADPR0000001406
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
date=&global_id=&assigned_name=79995&store_num=
Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=DPR&samp_ Other Name: 79995 GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported
Source: Department of Pesticide Regulation
Well ID: 79995 Well Type: UNK
4 North
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADPR0000003193
Map ID
Direction
Distance
Elevation Database EDR ID Number
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-15
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
mp_date=&global_id=AGW080013276&assigned_name=HOME WELL&store_num= Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=AGLAND&sa GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported
Source: Agricultural Lands Other Name: HOME WELL
Well ID: AGW080013276-HOME WELL Well Type: MONITORING
11 NE
1/2 - 1 Mile
Higher
CA WELLS CAEDF0000029995
Well Depth: 0 Well Completion Rpt #: Not Reported
Well Use: Unknown Well Type: Unknown
Well Name: Not Reported Basin Name: Kings
State Well #: 13S21E34H002M Station ID: 14129
A10
SW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR9000030217
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
date=&global_id=&assigned_name=13S21E35C001M&store_num= Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=DWR&samp_ Other Name: 13S21E35C001M GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported Source: Department of Water Resources
Well ID: 13S21E35C001M Well Type: UNK
A9
SW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR0000022883
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
date=&global_id=&assigned_name=13S21E35C002M&store_num= Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=DWR&samp_ Other Name: 13S21E35C002M GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported Source: Department of Water Resources
Well ID: 13S21E35C002M Well Type: UNK
A8
SW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR0000012242
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-16
Well Depth: 106 Well Completion Rpt #: 00116334
Well Use: Residential Well Type: Single Well
Well Name: 13S21E25N001M Basin Name: Kings
State Well #: 13S21E25N001M Station ID: 14122
14 East
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR9000030324
Well Hole Depth Units: Not Reported
Well Depth Units: Not Reported Well Hole Depth: Not Reported Construction Date: Not Reported Well Depth: Not Reported Formation Type: Not Reported Aquifer Type: Not Reported Aquifer: Central Valley aquifer system
Contrib Drainage Area: Not Reported Contrib Drainage Area Unts: Not Reported Drainage Area: Not Reported Drainage Area Units: Not Reported Description: Not Reported HUC: 18030012
Monitor Location: 013S021E26R001M Type: Well
Organization Name: USGS California Water Science Center Organization ID: USGS-CA
13 East
1/2 - 1 Mile
Higher
FED USGS USGS40000177422
Note: Not Reported
Feet below surface: 28.13 Feet to sea level: Not Reported Ground water levels,Number of Measurements: 1 Level reading date: 1963-10-21 Well Hole Depth Units: ft
Well Depth Units: ft Well Hole Depth: 156
Construction Date: 1960 Well Depth: 156
Formation Type: Not Reported Aquifer Type: Not Reported Aquifer: Central Valley aquifer system
Contrib Drainage Area: Not Reported Contrib Drainage Area Unts: Not Reported Drainage Area: Not Reported Drainage Area Units: Not Reported Description: Not Reported HUC: 18030012
Monitor Location: 013S021E34H001M Type: Well
Organization Name: USGS California Water Science Center Organization ID: USGS-CA
A12
SW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
FED USGS USGS40000177334
Map ID
Direction
Distance
Elevation Database EDR ID Number
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-17
date=&global_id=&assigned_name=13S21E35D003M&store_num= Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=DWR&samp_ Other Name: 13S21E35D003M GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported Source: Department of Water Resources
Well ID: 13S21E35D003M Well Type: UNK
B18
SW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR0000027318
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
date=&global_id=&assigned_name=13S21E35D002M&store_num= Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=DWR&samp_ Other Name: 13S21E35D002M GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported Source: Department of Water Resources
Well ID: 13S21E35D002M Well Type: UNK
B17
SW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR0000020242
Note: Not Reported
Feet below surface: 22.13 Feet to sea level: Not Reported Ground water levels,Number of Measurements: 1 Level reading date: 1963-10-21 Well Hole Depth Units: ft
Well Depth Units: ft Well Hole Depth: 78
Construction Date: 19550618 Well Depth: 72
Formation Type: Not Reported Aquifer Type: Not Reported Aquifer: Central Valley aquifer system
Contrib Drainage Area: Not Reported Contrib Drainage Area Unts: Not Reported Drainage Area: Not Reported Drainage Area Units: Not Reported Description: Not Reported HUC: 18030012
Monitor Location: 013S021E35H001M Type: Well
Organization Name: USGS California Water Science Center Organization ID: USGS-CA
16 SE
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
FED USGS USGS40000177317
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
date=&global_id=&assigned_name=1010007-697&store_num=
Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=DHS&samp_ Other Name: WELL 347 - INACTIVE GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported Source: Department of Health Services
Well ID: 1010007-697 Well Type: MUNICIPAL
15 West
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADDW0000021730
Map ID
Direction
Distance
Elevation Database EDR ID Number
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-18
Description: Not Reported HUC: 18030012
Monitor Location: 013S021E34S001M Type: Well
Organization Name: USGS California Water Science Center Organization ID: USGS-CA
22 SSW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
FED USGS USGS40000177256
Note: Not Reported
Feet below surface: 19.54 Feet to sea level: Not Reported Ground water levels,Number of Measurements: 1 Level reading date: 1963-10-21 Well Hole Depth Units: ft
Well Depth Units: ft Well Hole Depth: 83
Construction Date: 19590217 Well Depth: 62.5
Formation Type: Not Reported Aquifer Type: Not Reported Aquifer: Central Valley aquifer system
Contrib Drainage Area: Not Reported Contrib Drainage Area Unts: Not Reported Drainage Area: Not Reported Drainage Area Units: Not Reported Description: Not Reported HUC: 18030012
Monitor Location: 013S021E23Q001M Type: Well
Organization Name: USGS California Water Science Center Organization ID: USGS-CA
21 NNE
1/2 - 1 Mile
Higher
FED USGS USGS40000177612
Well Depth: 100 Well Completion Rpt #: 00071931
Well Use: Residential Well Type: Single Well
Well Name: 13S21E34J002M Basin Name: Kings
State Well #: 13S21E34J002M Station ID: 34099
20 SSW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR9000030170
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
date=&global_id=&assigned_name=13S21E35D001M&store_num= Groundwater Quality Data: https://gamagroundwater.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/gamamap/public/GamaDataDisplay.asp?dataset=DWR&samp_ Other Name: 13S21E35D001M GAMA PFAS Testing: Not Reported Source: Department of Water Resources
Well ID: 13S21E35D001M Well Type: UNK
B19
SW
1/2 - 1 Mile
Lower
CA WELLS CADWR0000024029
GeoTracker Data: Not Reported
GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-19
Note: Not Reported
Feet below surface: 28.14 Feet to sea level: Not Reported Ground water levels,Number of Measurements: 1 Level reading date: 1963-10-21 Well Hole Depth Units: ft
Well Depth Units: ft Well Hole Depth: 110
Construction Date: 19580514 Well Depth: 80
Formation Type: Not Reported Aquifer Type: Not Reported Aquifer: Central Valley aquifer system
Contrib Drainage Area: Not Reported Contrib Drainage Area Unts: Not Reported Drainage Area: Not Reported Drainage Area Units: Not Reported GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS ®
1 TC7545227.2s Page A-20
Basement Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Living Area - 2nd Floor Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Living Area - 1st Floor 1.433 pCi/L 100% 0% 0%
Area Average Activity % <4 pCi/L % 4-20 pCi/L % >20 pCi/L Number of sites tested: 6
Federal Area Radon Information for Zip Code: 93727
: Zone 3 indoor average level < 2 pCi/L.
: Zone 2 indoor average level >= 2 pCi/L and <= 4 pCi/L.

Note: Zone 1 indoor average level > 4 pCi/L.

Federal EPA Radon Zone for FRESNO County: 2
93727 20 0
______ ________ ________
Zipcode Num Tests > 4 pCi/L
Radon Test Results
State Database: CA Radon

AREA RADON INFORMATION

GEOCHECK - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
RADON
®
1 TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
USGS 7.5’ Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
Source: United States Geologic Survey
EDR acquired the USGS 7.5’ Digital Elevation Model in 2002 and updated it in 2006. The 7.5 minute DEM corresponds to the USGS 1:24,000- and 1:25,000-scale topographic quadrangle maps. The DEM provides elevation data with consistent elevation units and projection.

Current USGS 7.5 Minute Topographic Map
Source: U.S. Geological Survey

HYDROLOGIC INFORMATION
Flood Zone Data: This data was obtained from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). It depicts 100-year and 500-year flood zones as defined by FEMA. It includes the National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) which incorporates Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) data and Q3 data from FEMA in areas not covered by NFHL.

Source: FEMA
Telephone: 877-336-2627
Date of Government Version: 2003, 2015
NWI: National Wetlands Inventory. This data, available in select counties across the country, was obtained by EDR in 2002, 2005, 2010 and 2015 from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

State Wetlands Data: Wetland Inventory
Source: Department of Fish and Wildlife
Telephone: 916-445-0411

HYDROGEOLOGIC INFORMATION
AQUIFLOW Information System R
Source: EDR proprietary database of groundwater flow information EDR has developed the AQUIFLOW Information System (AIS) to provide data on the general direction of groundwater flow at specific points. EDR has reviewed reports submitted to regulatory authorities at select sites and has extracted the date of the report, hydrogeologically determined groundwater flow direction and depth to water table information.

GEOLOGIC INFORMATION
Geologic Age and Rock Stratigraphic Unit
Source: P.G. Schruben, R.E. Arndt and W.J. Bawiec, Geology of the Conterminous U.S. at 1:2,500,000 Scale - A digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman Map, USGS Digital Data Series DDS - 11 (1994).

STATSGO: State Soil Geographic Database
Source: Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) leads the national Conservation Soil Survey (NCSS) and is responsible for collecting, storing, maintaining and distributing soil survey information for privately owned lands in the United States. A soil map in a soil survey is a representation of soil patterns in a landscape. Soil maps for STATSGO are compiled by generalizing more detailed (SSURGO) soil survey maps.

SSURGO: Soil Survey Geographic Database
Source: Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Telephone: 800-672-5559
SSURGO is the most detailed level of mapping done by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, mapping scales generally range from 1:12,000 to 1:63,360. Field mapping methods using national standards are used to construct the soil maps in the Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database. SSURGO digitizing duplicates the original soil survey maps. This level of mapping is designed for use by landowners, townships and county natural resource planning and management.

TC7545227.2s Page PSGR-1

PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE RECORDS SEARCHED

LOCAL / REGIONAL WATER AGENCY RECORDS

FEDERAL WATER WELLS
PWS: Public Water Systems
Source: EPA/Office of Drinking Water
Telephone: 202-564-3750
Public Water System data from the Federal Reporting Data System. A PWS is any water system which provides water to at least 25 people for at least 60 days annually. PWSs provide water from wells, rivers and other sources.

PWS ENF: Public Water Systems Violation and Enforcement Data Source: EPA/Office of Drinking Water
Telephone: 202-564-3750
Violation and Enforcement data for Public Water Systems from the Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) after August 1995. Prior to August 1995, the data came from the Federal Reporting Data System (FRDS).

USGS Water Wells: USGS National Water Inventory System (NWIS) This database contains descriptive information on sites where the USGS collects or has collected data on surface water and/or groundwater. The groundwater data includes information on wells, springs, and other sources of groundwater.

OTHER STATE DATABASE INFORMATION
Groundwater Ambient Monitoring & Assessment Program
State Water Resources Control Board
Telephone: 916-341-5577
The GAMA Program is Californias comprehensive groundwater quality monitoring program. GAMA collects data by testing the untreated, raw water in different types of wells for naturally-occurring and man-made chemicals. The GAMA data includes Domestic, Monitoring and Municipal well types from the following sources, Department of Water Resources, Department of Heath Services, EDF, Agricultural Lands, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Department of Pesticide Regulation, United States Geological Survey, Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment Program and Local Groundwater Projects.

Water Well Database
Source: Department of Water Resources
Telephone: 916-651-9648
California Drinking Water Quality Database
Source: Department of Public Health
Telephone: 916-324-2319
The database includes all drinking water compliance and special studies monitoring for the state of California since 1984. It consists of over 3,200,000 individual analyses along with well and water system information.

California Oil and Gas Well Locations
Source: Dept of Conservation, Geologic Energy Management Division Telephone: 916-323-1779
Oil and Gas well locations in the state.

California Earthquake Fault Lines
Source: California Division of Mines and Geology
The fault lines displayed on EDR’s Topographic map are digitized quaternary fault lines prepared in 1975 by the United State Geological Survey. Additional information (also from 1975) regarding activity at specific fault lines comes from California’s Preliminary Fault Activity Map prepared by the California Division of Mines and Geology.

RADON
State Database: CA Radon
Source: Department of Public Health
Telephone: 916-210-8558
Radon Database for California
TC7545227.2s Page PSGR-2

PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE RECORDS SEARCHED
Area Radon Information
Source: USGS
Telephone: 703-356-4020
The National Radon Database has been developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and is a compilation of the EPA/State Residential Radon Survey and the National Residential Radon Survey.

The study covers the years 1986 - 1992. Where necessary data has been supplemented by information collected at private sources such as universities and research institutions.

EPA Radon Zones
Source: EPA
Telephone: 703-356-4020
Sections 307 & 309 of IRAA directed EPA to list and identify areas of U.S. with the potential for elevated indoor radon levels.

OTHER
Airport Landing Facilities: Private and public use landing facilities Source: Federal Aviation Administration, 800-457-6656
Epicenters: World earthquake epicenters, Richter 5 or greater Source: Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration California Earthquake Fault Lines: The fault lines displayed on EDR’s Topographic map are digitized quaternary fault lines, prepared in 1975 by the United State Geological Survey. Additional information (also from 1975) regarding activity at specific fault lines comes from California’s Preliminary Fault Activity Map prepared by the California Division of Mines and Geology.

STREET AND ADDRESS INFORMATION
© 2015 TomTom North America, Inc. All rights reserved. This material is proprietary and the subject of copyright protection and other intellectual property rights owned by or licensed to Tele Atlas North America, Inc. The use of this material is subject to the terms of a license agreement. You will be held liable for any unauthorized copying or disclosure of this material.

TC7545227.2s Page PSGR-3

PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE RECORDS SEARCHED
COU
F County of Fresno
18560
PRES
February 28, 2017
Dear Mr. Zaninovich:

Please call me at (559) 600-3271 if you have any questions.

Sincerely?
John Be l, R.E.H.S.

Envi ental Health Specialist III
Environmental Health Division
JRB/ak
Subject:

Facility:

Location:

Vincent G. Zaninovich, Jr.
412 Arenoso Lane, Suite 206
San Clemente, CA 92672
FA0278535
PR0061580
PE6301
This letter confirms the permanent closure of underground storage tanks and the site investigation at the above location as required by California Health and Safety Code, Section 25298; and the California Code of Regulations, Title 23, Division 3, Chapter 16, Article 7 Underground Storage Tank Closure Requirements. The closure occurred on April 18, 2006, with the removal of one underground storage tank.

Underground Storage Tank Closure Completion
Kathryn Zaninovich Property
7298 East McKinley Avenue, Fresno, California
On February 9, 2017, a Sampling and Analysis Report (SAR) for the subject location was submitted to this agency. The SAR indicated that soil around the former underground storage tanks was not impacted to warrant further investigation.

With the provision that the information provided to this office is accurate and representative of existing conditions, no further action is required at this time. The site should now be properly closed, including backfilling as necessary.

This letter does not relieve you of any liability under the California Health and Safety code or Water Code for the past, present, or future operations at this site. Nor, does it relieve you of the responsibility to clean up existing, additional, or previously unidentified conditions at the site, which cause or threaten to cause pollution, or nuisance, or otherwise pose a threat to water quality or public health.

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH
David Pomaville, Director
Dr. Ken Bird, Health Officer
A
C
Promotion, preservation and protection of the community's health 1221 Fulton Mall /P. O. Box 11867, Fresno, CA 93775
(559) 600-3271 • FAX (559) 455-4646
The County of Fresno is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer www.co.fresno.ca.us • www.fcdph.org
&L4,A9r
9493612998 p.1 ■
See’s Consulting & Testing
Geotechnical Investigation • Forensic Engineering • Environmental Assessment • Construction inspection & Testing s
May 6, 2006 SEE’S Job 26106P-1
SUBJECT;
Dear Mr. Williams:

PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF WORK
Collection of confirmation soil samples from beneath the UST; Laboratory chemical analysis of collected soil samples; Preparation of a report.

SITE LOCATION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

OBSERVATION OF TANK AND EXCAVATION CONDITIONS
P.O. Box 28246 Fresno. CA 93729 PH (559)435-3444 FAX (559)435-3404 The site is located at 7298 E. McKinley Avenue in Fresno, California. The project involved removal of one UST from the subject property by Statewide Excavation Inc.

The UST was removed on April 18, 2006 from the approximate location shown on Figure 1, Sample Location Plan.

Visual observations of the physical condition of the UST and the tank excavation;
Subsurface soils, to the maximum explored depth of 6 feet, predominantly consist of brown dense silty sand. Visual observation did not reveal obvious indications of hydrocarbon impairment within the UST excavation. The UST appeared to be in fair condition with moderate rusting on the exterior surface of the bottom portion and no holes were observed on the surface.

The purpose of this report is to document our findings and analytical chemical test results. The scope of work is as follows:

Report of Soil Sampling and Chemical Analysis
Underground Storage Tank Site
Zaninovich Property
7298 E. McKinley Avenue
Fresno, California
Mr. Jim Williams
Statewide Excavation Inc.
5408 E. Jensen Avenue
Fresno, California 93725
At your request, we have prepared this report of Soil Sampling and Chemical Analysis following removal of an underground storage tank (UST) from Zaninovich Property located at 7298 E. McKinley Avenue in Fresno, California. 9493612998 P.2

TANK DIMENSION, EXCAVATION SIZE, AND PRODUCT CONTENT
Tank Excavation
Number Content
1 Gasoline 4 6 500 8 6 5

SOIL SAMPLING

SAMPLE HANDLING AND TRANSPORT

LABORATORY ANALYSES

EXCAVATION BACKFILLING

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Length
feet
Capacity
gallons
Depth
feet
Width
feet
Zaninovich Property
UST Soil Sampling
Fresno, California
Diameter
feet
At the completion of excavation, two confirmation soil samples were collected for chemical analyses. One soil sample was collected from a depth of about 4 feet beneath the bottom of the UST (9 ft BG). The soil sample was collected from the backhoe bucket by pushing a 2-inch by 6-inch brass tube into the soil. One soil sample was collected from a depth of about 5 feet beneath the bottom of the hand pump (6 ft BG). The soil sample was collected from a soil boring by hammering a sampler with a 2-inch by 6-inch brass tube into the soil.

The soil samples were kept cool with "Blue-ice” while being transported back to the office, where they were placed inside a refrigerator. Laboratory personnel collected the soil sample on the next day. Proper chain-of-custody protocol was maintained throughout the transfer.

Lengt
h
feet
SEE'S JOB 26106P-1
May 6, 2006
Page2
The excavation has been backfilled after the removal of the UST. On site borrow material free from concentration of hydrocarbon was used for backfill. Fill was placed in lifts and compacted as engineered fill to a minimum of 90 percent relative compaction as determined by Caltran Test Method 216. The field compaction test results are included in this report.

Two soil samples were collected from beneath the UST and hand pump. The samples were analyzed for TPH-G, BTEX AND MTBE. Presence of petroleum hydrocarbons was not detected. We conclude that no further assessment is necessary. Therefore, we recommend that a UST closure letter be issued for the site.

As requested by Mr. John Bell of Fresno County Human Services System (FCHSS)r the sample was analyzed for concentrations of TPH-G, BTEX, and MTBE. Chemical analyses data are attached to this report. The data indicates none presence of petroleum hydrocarbons within the sampling area.
9493612998 p.3

LIMITATIONS
conditions may vary away from the sampling location and depth. No other ceorEssOn,,
2-
CM
Enclosure:

Zaninovich Property
UST Soil Sampling
Fresno, California
No. 44940
Exp. 03/31/08
Respectfully submitted,
See's Consulting & Testing
David S. See
CE 44940
- Sample Location Map
- Compaction Test Location Map
- Summary of Compaction Test Results
- Results of Chemical Analysis
- Chain of Custody
Distribution:
- Mr. Jim William, Statewide Excavation Inc. (3 copies) - Mr. Dennis Gaab, Centex Homes (2 copies)
2, Cle u>
4 m im
2 * j
SEE'S JOB 26106P-1
May 6, 2006
Page3
warranties, either expressed or implied, are made as to the professional advice provided in this report. We appreciate the opportunity to be of service to you on this project. Please contact our office if you have questions or comments regarding the contents of this report.

See's Consulting & Testing has prepared this report for the exclusive use of Statewide Excavation Inc. The report has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted practices and our findings present a reasonably representative description of the conditions observed and the probable factors influencing these conditions.

Evaluation of the conditions at the site is made from one sampling point. Subsurface SCMA reorcsuO99s
9493612998 p.4

SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS

1. MAXIMUM DENSITY OF SOIL: CAL Test Method No. 216
n. FIELD DENSITY TESTS:

LOT DEPTH MOISTURE RELATIVE
NO.
1 2 4.0-5.01 7 93
3 1 1.5-2.5 8 92
4 1 3.5-4.5 8 91
5 1 0.0-1.0 7 95
6 1 2.5-3.5 8 93
TEST
NO. LOCATION
Compaction test results reported herein provide an indication of the degree of compaction of soil for specific, prescribed locations but do not necessarily reflect the overall character of the backfill or prepared subgrade.

Test results should be considered accurate only at the locations and depths of the test spots indicated.

Interpretation of test results as to the adequacy of compacted fill and subgrade for the intended usage remains solely the responsibility' of the inspector or project engineer.

Talik Backfill
#1, see site sketch
Tank Backfill
#2, see site sketch
Tank Backfill
#2, see site sketch
Tank Backfill
#3, see site sketch
Tank Backfill
#3, see site sketch
Tank Backfill
#4, see site sketch
MAT’L
NO.
1 %
8 MATERIAL

IDENTIFICATION

1. Dark Brown Silty Sand

MAXIMUM DRY DENSITY
________LBS./CU.FT.
130.3
FEET

4.0-5.0

OPTIMUM
MOISTURE, %

10.2 SEE’S JOB 26106P-1

Page 1 of 1 ends

COMPACTION,%
91 9493612998 p.5
Not To Scale
HOUSE
A )
9'
9’
6' 8' o#1
O #3 o #4
o#
UST Ecavation
26106P-1
Compaction Test Location Map
Zaninovich Residence
7298 E. McKinley Avenue
Fresno, California
May 8, 2006
N
9493612998 p.6
Not To Scale
HOUSE
12"
A
o #1
V18"
A
7 9'
9'
Y f
6' 8'
O#2
UST Ecavation
26106P-1
Sample Location Map
Zaninovich Residence
7298 E. McKinley Avenue
Fresno, California
May 8, 2006
N
A
9493612998 P.7
BSK
Fresno, CA 93729 0 0,
Report Issue Date; 05/04/2006
Project Desc:

Sample Type: Solid
Method Result Units PQL Dilution DLR
Surrogate
Fluorobenzene EPA3021B 83 % Rec I N/A 04/27/06 04/27/06 Report Authentication Cede: TWEUIUTIUANHIIRNIVVHETRAIHENAS"MSOSNGVVOAII 1414 Stanislaus Street Fresno, CA 93706-1623 Phone 559-497-2888, In CA 800-877-8310 ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
04/27/06
04/27/06
04/27/06
04/27/06
04/27/06
04/27/06
EPA 8OI5B
EPA8021B
EPA 8021B
EPA 802IB
EPA 802IB
EPA 802IB
Analysis
Date/Time
04/27/06
04/27/06
04/27/06
04/27/06
04/27/06
04/27/06
mg/Kg
mg/Kg
mg’Kg
mg/Kg
mg/Kg
mg/Kg
CT O
1 1
I
I
1 1

ANALYTICAL

LABORATORIES
Prep
Datc/Time
H: Analyzed outside of hold time
P: Preliminary result
S: Suspect result. See Case Narrative for comments,
E: Analysis performed by External laboratory.

See External Laboratory Report attachments.

Dale Sampled: 04/18/2006
Time Sampled: 1130
Date Received: 04/18/2006
TPH as Gasoline
Benzene
Ethylbenzene
Methyl-t-Butyl Ether
Toluene
Total Xylenes
David See
See's Consultin
PO Box 28246
mg/L: Milligrams/Liter (ppm)
mg/Kg: Milligrams/Kilogram (ppm)
pg/L: Micrograms/Liter (ppb)
ug/Kg: Micrograms/Kilogram (Ppb)
%Rec; Percent Recovered (surrogates)
BSK Submission #f: 2006041154
BSK Sample ID #: 711658
Project ID: 26106
Submission Comments:

Sample Description: No 1
Sample Comments:

Organics
Analyte
Certificate of Analysis
NELAP Certificate #04227CA
ELAP Certificate #1180
PQL: Practical Quantitation Limit
DLR: Detection Limit for Reporting
: PQL x Dilution
ND: None Detected at DLR
pCi/L: Picocurie per Liter
y NCO3
1 0.005

0.005

0.05 0.005

0.005

Page 1 of 2 ends

Fax 559-485-6935
1 0.005

0.005

0.05 0.005

0.005
9493612998 P.8
BSK
.0WAC3,, helat
Report Issue Date: 05/04/2006
Project Dose:
. Sample Type: Solid
Method Result Units PQL Dilution DLR
Surrogate
Fluorobenzcne EPA 802 IB 77 % Rec 1 N/A 04/25/06 04/25/06 Report Authentication Code; INENHHMBDMMEMVI/DTMSOADMVISRADARiiAiOH 1414 Stanislaus Street Fresno, CA 93706-1623 Phone 559-497-2888, In CA 800-877-8310 EPA80I5B
EPA 802 IB
EPA 8021B
EPA 802IB
EPA802 IB
EPA 802 IB
Analysis
Date/Time
mg/Kg
mg/Kg
mg/Kg
mg/Kg
mg/Kg
mg/Kg
04/25/06
04/25/06
04/25/06
04/25/06
04/25/06
04/25/06
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
04/25/06
04/25/06
04/25/06
04/25/06
04/25/06
04/25/06
H: Analyzed outside of hold time
P; Preliminary result
S: Suspect result See Case Narrative for comments.

E: Analysis performed by External laboratory.

See External Laboratory Report attachments.

TPH as Gasoline
Benzene
Ethylbenzene
Methyl-l-Butyl Eher
Toluene
Total Xylenes
Date Sampled: 04/18/2006
Time Sampled: 1140
Date Received: 04! 18/2006
mg/L: Milligrams/Liter (ppm)
mg/Kg: Milligrams/Kilogram (ppm)
Ag/L: Micrograms/Liter (ppb)
ug/Kg: Micrograms/Ki logram (ppb)
%Rec: Percent Recovered (surrogates)
Prep
Date/Time
BSK Submission #: 2006041154
BSK Sample ID #: 711659
Project ID: 26106
Submission Comments:

David See
See's Consulting
PO Box 28246
Fresno, CA 93729
Sample Description: No 2
Sample Comments:

Page 2 of 2 ends

Fax 559-485-6935
1 0.005

0.005

0.05 0.005

0.005

ANALYTICAL

LABORATORIES
1 0,005

0.005

0.05 0.005

0.005
Relinquished by: and Printed Namc) Company Time Received by (Signature and Print Name) Company 4 vc Ce . C205
Relinquished by: (Signature and Printed Name) Company Timc Received by (Signature and Print Name) Company I
Relinquished by: (Signature and Printed Name) Company Date Time Received by (Signaturc and Print Name) Company Received for Iab Time Payment Received at Delivery:
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£70
Date
ANALYTICAL 1414 Stanislaus Street 04/18/2006
BSKLABORATORIES TEMP: TAT: Standard
www.bsklabs.com

IIIBIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
Client Nam Report Attn: Phone # FAX# E-mail:

Project Name
&,620 434%%
Project # - "" - 1
26/0 6 c ]
City State Zip Quote# po# Rush Request (Circle One)
0 [ ]
Sampler Name Printed Sampler Signature
k
Dowe eR R
Level II Level IIISTD
Matrix T\pes; RSW = Raw Surface Water CFW = Chlorinated Finished Water CWW = Chlorinated Waste Water BW = Bottled Water RGW = Raw Ground Water FW = Finished Water WW = Waste Water SW = Storm Water DW = Drinking Water SO = Solid 1 @ - - K/ (C
KG.
# Matrix Comments / Station Code
ntis
Sample Description/Location
Date / Time
Sampled
Fresno, CA 93706-1623(559) 497-2888, (800) 877-8310FAX (559) 485-6935 Regulatory Compliance
Electronic Data Transfer: Y N
System #
N
2006041154

SEE'S CONSU
418063
Sample
#
7Day 5Day 2Day IDay
QC Required (Circle One)
FresnoCo
EPA Merced Co Tulare Co
Other
41/8”
Alze
2/52%
7'^

2.7 dx)
k
Address
)
Carbon Copies: (Check Box)
CDHS 1------ 1
949361
L
-
/
ieeri ‘Y 15 !-
1 k
we
(
ii 4 ar thss is
ind1. wss re
§
r
2 i
3s.
d&
Appendix B

Page 1 ends

Findings of said exam are discussed below:

Methodology of GPR scan, line locators and Magnetometer

1. GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar)

2. Line Locator
13538 S. Mendocino Ave, Kingsburg, CA 93631 / 559.897.3511 Office GPR is scanned in both directions of area marked to locate different directions of pipe, conduit, trench lines, tanks, etc.

It is then the responsibility of customer to pothole
subsurface structures marked from GPR scan.

On March 14, 2017, Professional Utility Locating Services, LLC conducted a limited geophysical exam using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), line locator & Magnetometer in areas designated by Michael Bowery at 7298 East McKinley Avenue, as per the request of Krazan.

GPR scans entire surface in a back and forth direction at which point subsurface reflection is noted on screen -
different reflections note possible different sub-structures.

Ex. Pipe/, conduit give 1 image, trench lines and soil
conditions depict another. Also, larger structures such as tanks or barrels reflect another at which point when
different reflections are observed on computer screen, we mark on ground with marking paint, flags, or whiskers as per customer request.

GPR equipment is first calibrated to soil conditions of surveyed area; if conditions change from soil to grass to asphalt to cement at each point GPR is recalibrated (by computer)
Actual locate of any subsurface structure is not complete until visually identified by potholing.

Line locator is used to locate utilities with tracer wire, or electric current; which is a result of direct connection using transmitter to transmit frequency detected by hand-held receiver.
• A
Professional Utility Locating Senices, uc
-
/

Page 2 ends

Professional Utility Locating Services, LLC

3. Magnetometer
FINDINGS:

If you have any further questions, please contact me at 559.288.0514.

Sin
(J 68
■S.
13538 S. Mendocino Ave, Kingsburg, CA 93631 / 559.897.3511 Office Indirect location with line detector with indirect method is to place transmitter over metallic pipe, structures, etc.

Magnetometer is used to determine any metallic objects
present such as USTs.

Please Note: These findings are not to be used for construction purposes, and all Underground Services Alert (USA)
requirements are still applicable. Professional Utility Locating Services, LLC is not responsible for any marks/missed marks, or any costs associated with costs to either. All other USA requirements still apply, (i.e. potholing).

Tom Woods
Professional Utility Locating Services, LLC
Line locator is only used in this mode when soil conditions are NOT conducive to GPR scan; ex. Heavy clay soil or
rocky conditions.

1. GPR scan was performed at McKinley address in the area of former UST and surrounding area. GPR can did not
show anomalies of back fill excavation or additional
■ anomalies in the area. NOTE: Scan area was greatly
restricted due to a large amount of structures used to house and protect a large chicken operation
Appendix

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
10 April 2017
RE: Zaninovich Property
Sincerely,
Lisa Nguyen
Project Manager Assistant
Enclosed are the results of analyses for samples received by the laboratory on 04/03/17 10:10. If you have any questions concerning this report, please feel free to contact me.

Mike Bowery
Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis, CA 93612
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 92630
949.297.5020 Phone SunStar
949.297.5027 Fax Laboratories, Inc.

Clovis CA, 93612

ANALYTICAL REPORT FOR SAMPLES
Sample ID Laboratory ID Matrix Date Sampled Date Received SV- 1 T170848-01 Air 03/31/17 13:00 04/03/17 10:10
SV-2 T170848-02 Air 03/31/17 13:17 04/03/17 10:10
SV-3 T170848-03 Air 03/31/17 13:46 04/03/17 10:10
SV-4 T170848-04 Air 03/31/17 14:05 04/03/17 10:10
SV-5 T170848-05 Air 03/31/17 14:23 04/03/17 10:10
SV-6 T170848-06 Air 03,31/17 14:43 04/03/17 10:10
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 1of11
Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirely.

Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 92630
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
SunStar
— Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
SunStar
—==- Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE

DETECTIONS SUMMARY
Sample ID: SV- 1 Laboratory ID: T170848-01
No Results Detected
Sample ID: SV-2 Laboratory ID: T170848-02
No Results Detected
Sample ID: SV-3 Laboratory ID: T170848-03
No Results Detected
Sample ID: SV-4 Laboratory ID: T170848-04
No Results Detected
Sample ID: SV-5 Laboratory ID: T170848-05
No Results Detected
Sample ID: SV-6 Laboratory ID: T170848-06
No Results Detected
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 2 of 11
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis CA, 93612
Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 9
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
— I PRovI
SunStar
Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
Clovis CA, 93612
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 3 of 11
Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its enlirety.

Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 9
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
—
SunStar
Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
SV-1
T170848-01 (Air)
Analyte Result Units Dilution Batch Prepared Analyzed Method Notes SunStar Laboratories, Inc.
61 ug/m3Air 1.65 7040333 04/03/17 04/05/17 TO-15
I I
Surrogate: 4-Broinofluorobeiizene 96.8% 40-160 re
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 4 of 11
ND
ND
ND
27 42
Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis CA, 93612
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

Reporting
Limit
Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
TO-15
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
1,1-Difluorocthane (Freon 152)
Dibromochloropropane
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 92630
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
SV-2
T170848-02 (Air)
Analyte Result Units Dilution Batch Prepared Analyzed Method Notes SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

1.64 7040333 04'03/17 04/05/17 TO-15
I
Surrogate: 4-Broinofluorohen-eiie 96.6% 40-160 r
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 5 of 11
ND
ND
ND
Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
Reporting
Limit
Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis CA, 93612
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety. 42 ug/m3 Air
61 27
TO-15
Dibromochloropropane
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
1,1-Difluorocthanc (Freon 152)
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 92630
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
SunStar
— Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
SunStar
Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
SV-3
T170848-03 (Air)
Analyte Result Units Dilution Batch Prepared Analyzed Method Notes SunStar Laboratories, Inc.
70403331.73 04/03/17 04 05'17 TO-15
I
I It
Surrogate: 4-Bi omofliiorobenzeiie 94.9 % 40-160
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 6 of 11
ND
ND
ND
Reporting
Limit
Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis CA, 93612
42 ug/m3 Air
61 27
TO-15
Dibromochloropropane
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
1,1-Difluorocthanc (Frcon 152)
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 9
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
—S| PROVI
SunStar
Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
SV-4
T170848-04 (Air)
Analyte Result Units Dilution Batch AnalyzedPrepared Method Notes SunStar Laboratories, Inc.
42 ug/m3 Air 1.6 7040333 04/03/17 04/05/17 TO-15
I1
I

95.8% 40-160 I
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 7 of 11
ND
ND
ND
27 61
Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
Reporting
Limit
Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis CA, 93612
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

TO-15
Dibromochloropropane
1,1-Difluoroethane (Freon 152)
1,2,3-Trichloropropanc
Surrogate: 4-Bromofluorohenzene
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
—
SunStar
Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
SV-5
T170848-05 (Air)
Analyte Result Units Dilution Batch Prepared Analyzed Method Notes SunStar Laboratories, Inc.
42 ug/m3 Air 1.64 7040333 04/03/17 04/05/17 TO-15
I 19
tt I
Surrogate: 4-Bromofluomhenzene 95.4 % 40-160 it
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 8 of 11
61 27
ND
ND
ND
Reporting
Limit
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis CA, 93612
TO-15
Dibromochloropropane
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
1,1-Difluorocthane (Freon 152)
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 92630
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
SV-6
T170848-06 (Air)
Analyte Result Units Dilution Batch Prepared Analyzed Method Notes SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

1.62 7040333 04'03'17 04/05/17 TO-15
I
61 I

96.3 % 40-160 r r
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 9 of 11
ND
ND
ND
Reporting
Limit
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis CA, 93612
27 ug/m3 Air
42 TO-15
1,1-Difluoroethane (Freon 152)
Dibromochloropropane
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
Surrogate: 4-Bromofliiorobeiizene
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, Californi
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowcry
SunStar
— Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
Clovis CA, 93612
TO-15 - Quality Control
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Analyte Result Units %REC RPD Notes
Batch 7040333 - Canister Analysis
Prepared: 04/03/17 Analyzed: 04/05/17
Surrogate: 4-Broiiiofluoroheiizene 41.9 45.3 92.5 40-160 Surrogate: 4-Broniofliiorobenzene 43.4 e 45.3 96.0 40-160 SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 10 of 11
Spike
Level
ND
ND
ND
Source
Result
Duplicate (7040333-DUP1)
1,1-Difluoroethane (Freon 152)
%REC
Limits
RPD
Limit
The results in this repor apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Reporting
Limit
Reported:
04/10'17 17:00
Blank (7040333-BLKl)
Dibromochloropropanc
1,2,3-Trichloropropane

1.1-Difluoroethane (Freon 152)
42 ug/m3 Air
61 27
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 92630
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Source: T170848-02
ND 27 ug/m3 Air
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
SunStar
— Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
Prepared: 04/03/17 Analyzed: 04/05/17
ND
—
SunStar
Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
Notes and Dellnitions
DET Analyte DETECTED
ND Analyte NOT DETECTED at or above the reporting limit NR Not Reported
dry Sample results reported on a dry weight basis
RPD Relative Percent Difference
SunStar Laboratories, Inc.

Lisa Nguyen, Project Manager Assistant Page 11 of 11
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain of custody document. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

Krazan, Clovis
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis CA, 93612
Reported:
04/10/17 17:00
25712 Commercentre Drive
Lake Forest, California 9263
949.297.5020 Phone
949.297.5027 Fax
Project: Zaninovich Property
Project Number: 014-16208
Project Manager: Mike Bowery
Sample ID
Finish
Time
Initial
Pressure
Start
Time
Date
Sampled
Final
Pressure
Sample
Type :

Soil Gas
/ Indoor
Air
Container
Type:

Summa
Can /
Tedlar
C?
O O Summa Can # / Comments
3331-1 12 1 SU SummA
132.5
-33
SV-lo 1 -2 000.
elinquisl
ML
Relil he (signature) Date / Time
(
Date / Time Notes O
331- ?/lLew 2/2
Date /‘Time ReceiveRelinquished by: (signature)
[2,10 10; IO - . (2e
Teo YX_ 43-17
Relinquished by(signature) Date / Time
n
Turn around time:
* TO-15SIM analysis available upon prior notification. (Precertified Summa cans needed) COCAL 166590
32 13)?
13H0
95 N23144+3
SV-1
SV-2,
SV-3
O
02 as
24 052C
3S4
I’tiS ml
1+53
V-H
V-S
x
X
-27
-25
-23
-3b
0394
P2S
0320 @2/2.
-2.
6 -1
-2
-3-2.

Total # of containers
Chain of Custody seals YIN/R
Seals intact? YIN/8
Received good condition/cold
Received by (signature)
////7 7 . — ed by (signature) (Date / Time 23// Iog
——<Ae 43-17
Received by: (signature) Date / Time
Date: Page: 3-31-1+ Of I
Phone: 559-348-2240 Fax: Peka Arogo
Project Manager: Hite Baey)
1084%
Client: keAzen 3 AssoC .

Address: z15 W, Darota Aue

AIR LABORATORY
Chain of Custody Record
SunStar
Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES NATIONWIDE
25712 Commercentre Drive, Lake Forest, CA 92630 949-297-5020 Project Name: Zeninovih Roperty___________________________________ Collector: Teka Arogo Client Project #: Ol- /6 208Batch #:119034%EDF #:

TO-15
8015m Methane
8015m Gasoline
Fixed Gases by TCD
Laboratory ID #
SunStar‘20. ©
Yoarsi
Laboratories

SAMPLE RECEIVING REVIEW SHEET
Batch/Work Order #: T(7034%
Client Name: Project: LoA20r) _
Delivered by: □ Client • SunStar Courier • GSO X FedEx • Other If Courier, Received by:

Lab Received by:

AAS 4:3-17 10: 0
Total number of coolers received:

Temperature: Cooler #1 C corrected temperature
Cooler #2Temperature: OC corrected temperature
Cooler #3Temperature: OC corrected temperature
Within criteria? •Yes No
□Yes
□Yes -> Acceptable
Custody seals intact on cooler/sample □Yes
Sample containers intact [XYes
Sample labels match Chain of Custody IDs
Total number of containers received match COC
Proper containers received for analyses requested on COC X Yes No*
* Complete Non-Conformance Receiving Sheet if checked
Comments:

Page 1 ends

•No*
•No*
XYes
©Yes
XYes
□Yes
□No* XN/A
□No*
□No*
Proper preservative indicated on COC/containers for analyses requested □No* NN/A Complete shipment received in good condition with correct temperatures, containers, labels, volumes preservatives and within method specified holding times
Samples received on ice?
If on ice, samples received same day
collected?
Date/Time Courier
Received:

Date/Time Lab
Received:
•No>
Complete Non-Conformance Sheet
•No 9
Complete Non-Conformance Sheet
Cooler/Sample Review - Initials and date: ,
________ ‘____________________ EC 4-3-17
Temperature criteria = < 6°C
(no frozen containers)
If NO:
°C+/-the CF (-0.2°C) =
°C+/-the CF (-0.2°C) =
°C+/-the CF (-0.2°C) =
o
Years!
Laboratories
Company: KRAZAN
2ozJars 24/CS
4 oz Jars 24/CS — 8oz Jars 12/CS
—
5035 kits:(2)Sodium Bisulfate VOAs 72/box
Lock-N-Load Handle 1/pack
2-MANIFOLDS (150) CHARGE 2-
14 (4-P, 2-N) ( 2-
Cooler (Sm, Med, Lrg
949-297-5020
Project Name: #14-16208
Item Quantity Unit
# SENT USED UNUSED
Batch Certified
Summa Canisters
Individually
Certified Summa
Canisters
Swagelok Fittings: Nuts/Ferrules, Ts
Other: Poly Tube, Valves,Silicon Tape, etc.
—
Name: MIKE
Phone:

Prepared By: SL
Reviewed By:

Tedlar Bags 10/pack
Manifold, Inst Sampler, Variable Sampler
Sub Slab Insert w/ washer & N/F
Soil Gas SS 16" Drop Tubes
Gas Extraction Fittings__________________
Soil Gas Filters
(1) Methanol VOA 72/box
(1)Syringe 50/pack
400cc
1L
3L
6L
400cc
1L
3L
6L
Number & Quantity
——
www.SunStarLabs.com
25712 Commercentre Dr, Lake Forest CA 92630
Date: 3-29-17
Date:
40 ml unpreserved VOAs 100/box
40 ml HCL-preserved VOAs 72/box
250 ml Poly 24/CS
1 Liter Poly 12/CS__________
500 ml Poly 16/CS
500 ml Amber Bottle Wide 12/CS
1 Liter Amber Bottle 12/CS
1 Gallon Poly 4/box
—ulnc,
SunStar 20
Form F-LP0005-1.2
Effective Date 01/01/2017
Canister Data Sheet
Shipping Information
CHECK Pressure Initial Final
Canister Serial # (-30 +/- 2 psia)Date Pressure Pressure SSAT: -30 0814 3/29/2017SSAT: 0397 3/29/2017 -30
SSAT: 0425 3/29/2017 -30
SSAT: 0326 3/29/2017 -30 -30
0212SSAT: 3/29/2017 -30 -3
-29 SSAT: 0001 3/29/2017 -30
SSAT: 0086 3/29/2017 -30SSAT: 0456 3/29/2017 -30
PC NOT WRITE ON OR PLACE LABELS ON SU |. •
Client: KRAZAN_MIKE_3-2 9-17_14 + 2
SunStar Laboratories Inc.
25712 Commercentre Dr
Lake Forest, CA 92630
Sample
Date
(949)297-5020
(949)297-5027 fax
(530)304-5525 Bill Hannell
Sample
Start Time
130%
1325
/35%
IIS
134
1^53
145
1^3
3-31-17
3-31-17
3-31-/7
3-31-/7
3-31-7331-1
-2
-2%
Sample
Finish Time
SV-1
Sy-2
SV-3
SV-7
SY-Q
Sampling Information
Sample
ID
(32
/3/*
73%%
Printed: 4/3/2017 11:15:45AM I SunStar
—=== Laboratories, Inc.

PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES N PROVIDING QUALITY ANALYTICAL SERVICES N ATIONWIDEATIONWIDE WORK ORDER T170848
Client: Krazan, Clovis
Project: Zaninovich Property
Date Due: 04/10/17 17:00 (5 day TAT)
Brian Charon Date Received: 04/03/17 10:10
Brian Charon Date Logged In: 04/03/17 10:11
Received On Ice No
Preservation Confin No
Analysis Due TAT Expires Comments
TO-15 5 04/30/17 13:00 04/10/17 15:00 + 1.1-DFA
TO-15 04/10/17 15:00 04/30/17 13:175 +1J-DFA
TO-15 5 04/30/17 13:46 04/10/17 15:00 + 1,1-DFA
TO-15 04/10/17 15:00 5 04/30/17 14:05 + 1J-DFA
TO-15 5 04/30/17 14:23 04/10/17 15:00 +1J-DFA
TO-15 04/10/17 15:00 04/30/17 14:43 5 + 1,1-DFA
[ ]
Reviewed By Date Page 1 of 1
Received By:

Logged In By:

Project Manager:

Project Number:

No
Yes
Yes
Lisa Nguyen
014-16208
Samples Received at:

Custody Seals
Containers Intact
COC Labels Agree
Report To:

Krazan, Clovis
Mike Bowery
215 West Dakota Avenue
Clovis, CA 93612
T170848-06 SV- 6 |Air] Sampled 03/31/17 14:43 (GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US &
T170848-01 SV-l |Air| Sampled 03/31/17 13:00 (GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US &
T170848-05 SV- 5 |Air] Sampled 03/31/17 14:23 (GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US &
T170848-04 SV-4 [Air] Sampled 03/31/17 14:05 (GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US &
T170848-03 SV-3 [Air] Sampled 03/31/17 13:46 (GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US &
T170848-02 SV-2 [Air] Sampled 03/31/17 13:17 (GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US &
-==- f-xxast. -*== *402-
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1298C.Hekput As
K1 310-052-2)
Date of Business Commencement
Billing Address SOH& Ar Oo
—— TL Eklivy S Zasamovicla %
phShZGe)an t211
ental ith may result in late penalties, Permit denial or revocation, and business closure. PERMITS AND FEES ARE NOT TRANSFERABLE. « ArL K2ox
er/Authorized Signature Title Date
- DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS UNE -
Record ID# Billing Code
£00(ol 560 d
Ocate2/SZ sore c
oo -0.

Date Left/Mailed/Taken In: 4nleTaken In By: 4/466
ANew Business •Ownership Change □Business Name Change □Billing Address Change AOther •Delete Closure Date □Site Correction/Change □Activity Change T
c CaBusiness Name Owner
Inspection Site 191Y _ s CT# 70% City Code /&
rvisor Review 1-. • • 0006535 APP82 G —270
7 Date -44Az FA# EE#
Supervisor Review S1L Envision updated by Cx 2 Date //1/0b Rid 4uHor Business Office Use Envision Clerical Use
2002475% +507
Gnocumantal —5017 Aryilat 1-14-2004 des
routmVFe\#VA
Permit which
Environment:
is being applied for hers. PENALTIES FOR LATE PAYMENT ARE ASSESSED AT 10% PER MONTH OR FRACTION THEREOF. Notify I Health of any change in the type of business activity, name, billing address, or ownership by calling 445-3357. Failure to notify TheAp
Ordinal
Penalty Calculation:

UST Surcharge Calculation:

RETURN TO: 3ek/__________
Business Owner
Owner Address
*2110
4 3.00
Business Name
Inspection Site
Address
^(inactivate
Comments $0050/ es e —**
09 o o
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overseoleSorekoye
GwjunKrstio (i ; (D 2oV7763 Gesno
Penalty Due

TOTAL AMOUNT DUE
pee
2/7.
0%.
/S.
andb
CaUStxtl Lices
/ Title
ant hereby agrees to abide by aS applicable Federal, State, and Fresno County statutes, laws, regulations, and the Fresno County Charter aand to pay all applicable Fresno County Environmental Health Permit and Inspection Fees, and late penalties, if any, which apply to the Department Of Community Health

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH APPLICATION
P O Box 11800, Fresno CA 93775-1800 • 1221 Fulton Mal
* 559 445-3357 www.freshohumanservicss.org
EnvironmentalHealth@co .frey no .ca.us
KAtaZANOVieH RaRee@. JeCCTaua- C
1298 C, Heku Aus (Mas K, Ae’K, Ilo “ faG, 93
Business Telephone Ss 22t-127
251-12(84 25154s
JPhe G0ie
Fictos, C 1312,
4ll4oc
PE# Fee/Activity Description
L30L -(67enu2//ran
____ Obf
FA0178535 Pe Os0)
Pr0001580 - 6P
418-00 DM
(two pages per tank)
i
Page, cf
□ I NEW SITE PERMIT □ 4 AMENDED PERMIT □ 5 CHANGE OF INFORMATION □ 6 TEMPORARY SECLOSUE • 3 RENEWAL PERMIT . CSpedfyremon—Dorkoculeecniy) (Spofyrcmnom-forkoelueocely), BUSINESS NAME (S-memrACOITYNAMSGDDA-ZdngBu= s"EP keRgapZesuevtcsNeoksew? BuskastsAa) 0 0281
676
otalooda
TANK MANUFACTURER 2 TANK ID # 482 a COMPARCTMENTALIZEOTANK □ V. 4 A •
435 TANK CAPACITY IN GALLONS TYINGAI DOo
4 437 i
ADDITIONAL VKekakb ION GPor local mocmin) 438
IX. TANK CONTENTS
TEI TYPE 440
I ---=-====-)11 21" Typo)
•2 NON-FBLFSTROLEUM
dalan 441 CASP(romHaznodonsBManeriakslayenoryprg»)442 ypse N NNA
+ I. TANK CONSTRUCTION
113. SILA WALL whia HSSNWALWmLsuoasrsnd”—4s
ETERIORMEMBRANHLINER □ 95. UNKNOWN
• 4. SIGNLE WALL I VAULT . C99 OTHER I ■
C5 CONCRETE C9s.UNNOWN.4k—
1 TANKMATERLAL-znOndytE • 1 BARESTEEL C3.FBERGLASSTPLAsTC (9OnNowsa .£9.omERNA
Cs.CONCAEIE
(Checit onn item only)
“YANK INTERIOR TING •S.GLAssEmuNa . CTSUNNows 446 DATEINSTALCO asr UNLINED • 99 OTHER
l
OTHER CORROSION 42—.
□ 2 SACRIFICIAL ANODE
N/R SPITAND OVERFL——IYEAKINSTALLED (local un culy) ■nr YEAR INSTALLED - □ 3 FILL TUBE SHUTOFF VALVE As
( □ 4 EXEMPT 1
’
•4q*p*pelyl
NA
(Check all
.£3 PLATE
IV. TANK LEAK DETECTION (A dmGdpdnncrsasoittogpcogumiha IF SINGLE WALL TANK GL lagency.)
all that apply) ■ar 434
(SIR) BIENNIAL TANK TESTING
iv, TANK CLOSURE INFORMATION PERMANENT CLOSURE IN PLACE ESTATED DATE LAST USED (YRMO/DAY) .455 ESTIAl 437 TANK FILLED WITH INERTMATERIAL? MWo)mns •Yes No- 77 11’
UPCF (1/99 revised) T .. .. —
I
}M1949

5.5 PROTECTION IP J
(Check ce im uiy.

TYPE OF ACTION
(Clekmatncaly)
□ t VISUAL (EXPOSED PORTION ONLY)
□ 2 AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING (ATO)

DOUBLE WALL

BARESTEEC '
C2. LEADED
•3 DOSEL
•4 GASOHOL
1 1-
i

TY OF TANK
(Chackomaitunaoiy)

LRUBBELNE
12 ALKYD LINING
□ 95 UNKNOWN
•99 OTHER
. QS. CONCRETE/
•3.EOXYLna--
□ 4 PHENOLIC LINING /

PERMANENTLY CLOSED ON SITE

TANK REMOVED
TANKMATERLAL-pckonanytue!
(Cheek one ioun only) . I
□ 5 MANUAL TANK GAUGING (MTO)
• 6 VADOSE ZONE
OveAFnLForecnon
□ I ALARM. 1 j
□ 2 BALLFLOAT .
/ TANK USB -149

1. MOTOR VEICTSFUEL
□ 3. CHEMICAL PRODUCT
Q4. HAZARDOUS WASTE '
_ (betade. U*tri 03) -
□ 95. UNKNOWN .

OF SUBSTANCE REMAINING
Armptoo=r
Er’e REGULAR UNLEADED
gm PREMIUM UNLEADED
□ U. MIDGRADE UNLEADED
COMMON NAME (fomlKamurdon
CS. JET FUEL
□ 6 AVIA-nONFUEL
□ 99. OTHER

OR COATING
(Check one tter only) •
: aa
MANUFACTURED CATHODIC • 3 FBERGLASS RERORCEO PLASTIC
PROTECTION □ 4 IMPRESSED CURRENT
USINESS. ADDRESS -,1 . —e n 020s C, NSKvR. 13.-, C (3027 n of the UST system including buildings and kndmaiks shall ba submitted to the lood agency.) .A----------------------a057MMapePmmEp- --------- AB “upsrrcywer===r=---=--------- (Faclocedugomly)
452
40 —r
STAINLESS STEEL • A STEEL CLAD W/FOBERGLASS ' •uFRPCOMPTDBLEW/OOXMSTHANOL □ 99. OTHER REINFORCED FLASTIC GNF) .
•2 STAINLESS STEEL • A STEEL CLAD W/FMNSGLASS, • a FP COMBLn W/OO% METHANOL REINFORCED PLASTIC (FRF) • 10. COATED STEEL
□ 7 GROUNDWATER... -ATAnnsio. — ”
• OTHER NO.
•3.FBERGLASSTPLAST:
□ 3 CONTINUOUS ATG.
□ 4 STAnsiCAt nENTORY RECONCILIATION Di T
(SIR) BIENNIAL TANK TESTING . (199
---------------- ------- r----- .IV.TANKCLOSU
UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS-TANK PAGE 1
. UNIFIED PROGRAM CONSOLIDATED FORM
zo. suatawALL
svei») □ I SPILLCONTAINMENT ___ ,
, C2 DROP TUBE
K-krominmmpiptorndhcompotm==

NUMBER OF COMPARTMENTS)
ouc

FRESNO COUNTY HUMAN SERVICES SYSTEM-DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH-ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH S 1221 Fulton Mail, Post Office Box 11867, Fresno. CA 93775 (559)445-3231 ♦

IF DOUBLE WALL TANK OR TANK WITH BLAD
□ t VISUAL (SINGLE WALLIN VAULT ONLY)
□ 2 CONTINUOUS INTERSTITIAL MONITORING
H3MANUAL MONITORING .r. •
UMyyp 1

DATE INSTALLED (YEARIMO)
1 **
1 r
d UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS - TANK PAGE 1
FRESNO
VL PIPING CONSTRUCTION (heek all dt apply) Pege of

UNDERGEQUND PIPING , ABOVEGROUND PIPING

2. SUCTION •3. GRAVITY
CONSTRUCSON (3. LINED TRENCH
MANUFACTURER H 2 DOUBLE WALL 1 95. UNKNOWN
MANUFACTURER 461 N 483

1. BARE STEEL •6FRP COMPATIBLE v/10o% METHANOL
• 3. PLASTIC COMPATIBLE wi CONTENTS D s. FLEXIBLE (HDPE) □ 99. OTHER □ 4. FIBERGLASS Es FLEXIBLE (HDPE)
• S. STEEL W/COATING (9 CATHODIC PROTECTION 464 485
PIPING LEAK DETECTION fChack all dhz apply) (A desctpdnn of thezzog=crigpcogaemshellbasbmiand tothe local agengy.)

GROUND PIPING
WALL PIPING 466 467
PRESSURIZED PIPING (Chekiu thusupply) heski:

LEAK
'STEM I
UALAAUDIBLE AND VISUAL ALARMS.

N: (~ (0.1GPH) '
i

SECONDARILY CONTAINED PIPING
PRESSURIZED PIPING (Check Hshotappty).-

10. CONTINUOUS TURBINE SUMP SENSOR’WIIH AUDIBLE AND VISUAL N NA
□ 13. CONTINUOUS SUMP SENSOR + AUDIBLE AND VISUAL ALARMS . SHUT OFF OR RESTRIC TION
• 16. ANNUAL INTEGRITY TEST (0.1 GPH)
□ 17. DAILY VISUAL CHECK +

VIIL DISPENSER CONTAINMENT
T
469
IX. OWNER/OPERATOR SIGNATURE
provided i treend eccurte to the bes. of my knowledge
TOR DATE 470
TITLE OF OWNER/OPERATOR ‘472
Pers Number (For local use only) ' i 473 PemiApprowed(Fartocaluea caly) ]
.475
4 '■ .z* ms"rBer •*- J. t $ —f * —sw$
I
seonsejo
•Unknown
099. Other
•2 MONTHLY 02 GPH TE
□ 3. ANNUAL INTEGRITY
□ 1. BARE STEEL
•z STAINLESS STEEL
. DETECTOR 3.0 GPH TEST WITH AUTO PUMP SHUT
FAILURE, AND SYSTEM DISCONNECTION +
GRAVITY FLOW (Checcollshatapply)
• 8 DAILY VISUAL MONITORING:
□ 9. BIENNLAL INTEGRITY TEST (0. GPH)
□ 3. GRAVITY
□ 99. OTHER
□ 11 ANNUAL INTEGRITY TEST (0.1 GPH)
SUCTION/GRAVITY SYSTEM:
□ 4. FIBERGLASS
□ 5. STEEL W/COATING
□c NO AUTO PUMP SHUT OFF
□ IL AUTOMATIC LEAK DETECTOR
□ 11 ANNUAL INTEGRITY TEST (0.1 GPH)

SUCTON/GRAVITY SYSTEM
□ 2 STAINLESS STEEL □ 7. GALVANIZED STEEL
□ 3. PLASTIC COMPATIBLE wi CONTENTS
□ 7. SELF MONITOKING J .

GRAVITY FLOW
□ 9. BIENNIAL INTEGRITY TEST (0.1 GPH)
453
460
CONVENTIONAL SUCTION SYSTEMS (Chackcalltbarapp”)
□ 5. DAILY VISUAL MONITORING OF PIPING AND PUMPING SYSTEM □ 6 TRIENNIAL INTEGRITY TEST (0.1 GPH)
SAFE SUCTION SYSTEMS (NO VALVES IN BELOW GROUND PIPING):
□ 7. SELF MONITORING
459
. 462
□ 6. FRP COMPATIBLE Wno0s METHANOL
□ 7. GALVANIZED STEEL
□ 1. ELECTRONIC LINE
OFF FOR LEAK, SY!
□ 9. CATHODIC PROTECTION
□ 95. UNKNOWN
J

ABQVEGRQUND PIPING

SINGLE WALL PIPING
AUDIBLE AND VISUAL ALARMS.
02 MONTHLY O2 GPH TEST
□ 3. ANNUAL INTEGRITY TEST (G.IGPH)
□ 4. DAILY vistAC CHECK:

CONVENTIONAL SUCTION SYSTEMS
□ 5. DAILY VISUAL MONITORING OF PUMPING SYSTEM + TRIENNIAL PIPING INTEGRITY TEST (0.1 GPH)
SAFE SUCTION SYSTEMS (N J VALUES IN BELOW GROUNDPIPNG):
,95. UNKNOWN

99. OTHER
O
pi5l
Icmif; dent the
SI
.. UNIFIED PROGRAM CONSOLIDATED FORM.

COUNTY-HUMAN SERVICES SYSTEM-DEPARTMENT OP COMMUNITY HEALTH-ENVIRONMENTAL s=s=*f

EMERGENCY
• 14. CONTINUOUS SUMP s

AUDIBLE AND VISUA
□ 15. AUTOMATIC UNE LE
. PRESSURIZED FING (Cha au takappyy):
□ 1. ELECTRONIC UNE LEAK DETECTOR 3.0 GPRTESTWIH AUTO
-SHUT OFF FOR LEAK. SYSTEM FAILURE, AND SYSTEM DISCO
ENERATORS ONLY (Chckall thee apply)
SOR WITHOUT AUTO PUMP SHUT OFF ♦
ALARMS
: DETECTOR (3.0 GPH TEST) WITHOUT FLOW
.'SECONDARILY CONTAINED PIPING
PRESSURIZED PIPGNG (CMdkRGtOp*y) .

10. CONTINUOUS TURBINE SUMP SENSOR WITH AUDIBLE AND VISUAL ALARMS AND (Checkeno)
•a AUTO PUMP SHUT OFF WHEN A LEAK OCCURS
□ b AUTO PUMP SHUT OFF FOR LEAKS, SYSTEM FAILURE AND SYSTEM DISCONNECTION ■
□ 11. AUTOMATIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR (3.0 GPH TEST) WITH FLOW SHUT OFF OR RESTRICTION . 1
41e.260 :

TLEOFOWNERIOPERATOR--- y
CopWASTOR, So OX2E8.,
r *M2
• □ 13. CONTINUOUS SUMP SENSOR + AUDIBLE AND VISUAL ALARMS EMERGENCY CENEEATORS ONLY (CdAN GeIpp) .
□ 14. CONTINUOUS SUMP SENSOR WITHOUT AUTO PUMP SHUT

AUDIBLE AND VISUAL ALARMS
□ 15. AUTOMATIC LDE LEAK DEIECTOR GSI GPH TEST)
□ 16. ANNUAL INTEGRITY TEST (0.1 GPH)
□ 17. DAILY VISUAL CHECK
ALARMS AND (Checkcno)
•a AUTO PUMP SHUT OFF WHEN A LEAK OCCURS
□ b. AUTO PUMP SHUT OFF FOR LEAKS, SYSTEM FAILURE AND SYSTEM DISCONNECTION.!
Ue NO AUTO PUMP SHUT OFF
□ 1.PRESSURE DI SUCTION
□ 1. SINGLE WALL ,
□ I DOUBLE WALL .

MANUFACTURER’ ' C
SYSTEM TYPE D1.PRESSURE &
consmuenonA. SINGLE WALL 4 •
MAMUFACTUEKC21
DISPENSER CONTAINMENT ’ • 1. FLOATMECHANISM THAT SHUTS OFF SHEAR VALVE ras • 4. DAILY VISUAL CHECK .

DATE INSTALLED ess • 2 CONTINUOUS DISPENSER PAN SENSOR + AUDIBLE AND VISUAL ALARMS • 5 TRENCH UNER/MONI 1)C i • 3. CONTINUOUS DISPENSER PAN SENSOR WITH AUTO SHUT OFF FOR ’ ".it _______IC‘ • DISPENSER 4-AUDIBLE AND VISUAL ALARMS____________ ________ (NONE Department of Community Nenith .P " --Amee ■■ ■ " — “ar-- ------------ ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DMISION. w POBox 11007, Freeno, Cabfemia esrid-41687. T221‘Pulton itun •5SBMS-3271rfre OB
EREMOvAL• ABANDONMENT-IN-PLACE. - □ PLANLCHECK/INSTALLATION . □ REPAIR

9. Yler "mom(s9y 221-121
Canon
Aest. &.lle C PLn, See Cs, » 33u

EOMAGTGAREATON
ZP1$27. Cay: TwIt
1 Phone:(Dessts.Prone: 4s Uss-stt
WostoTranaporterID© 19—s RoglutradoniTypo: 44
Sost Jle I F=BorDH#E Licence M: ; Lionesw;

L TANKINFORUJAATION
tire is
pe xCCATloigtspnsBA"Guux,
t
NOT: Pert epptros ninaty (0O) caos ater he spprovel date. Thei rend any other Pedocal, Btab Con fl PemameC.

THIALNE,
=mE250oo tFe58PAI tCONTACTORUCENSE vALO IrCuRREnt WORKERS COMP. INO.CT 59.0% xSkasippnKead -&6X&
20597
TO:
$0076
T T
{ GRADING PERMIT STATUS

THE REMOVAL
- -= — । - m mm ii ! p
Thi form in to provide the Courtyof Froanowith informnaton regarding the • pormi. status relative o the proposed rempoulofudetgrouadpat ' Addreso _298EMkA.l
l • Cltvi
l
A grading permit was dsynd on AR2.2e ..for this wa
ssel vegutrodby thisju 1...: romyyalol undergrour d storage tanks at tl tmetstoorptratonemg" ranuprbackiiEirigfnconjunotion-wththe D. ; i .7 ; . Cogents
. (ans Cn : .1
JT Refan—ASnuarun Meuno.J& Axc.

I , i !
+ I —
i
—e. I
h yr 4
CI OUN
:. C1 22-424 D ■

1. i l ‘o-’i owff
: neoCeorBuldngbepFD Yelori meAeolcnm ■ eiei i I .

MDN4
dnii 1/019/0.10011 ■ t.A3e: Asomr
She cox be Addrss
GssuG in I12 Mr

1.: •,
; 1 ■
i
i
i
w prods
—=
a
H
T
i
a
Fi : ■

SDMNLTANCIEOCNTQN
Oompeny AeGtucosSe
Adaeie 352(GCoFos he
ZP:
, e

PRODUCT
CAue
Address:

Mr
Tank Owner.

Addroen:

Y&M TACK IKATALLE
2s -
F.o,Box11807
FRESMC Bnurenan
FA 2278539
P 00616 80
re 620l
Address:
cay
This form muel be pre juntedtoFreano County Enrorghtl Health Syslemn prior to obining en underground ■ • storage ‘ank abandonment permi _ .. ’ " PERT#
22/4/
FeduyNuma: Kavue ZeuurnJ 1288 x NCuxat e
- AR,---------------- :------------- -Cucarsac Phone: ($) 21-271 d underatenda oref wi comply ut the utloched comons clth ilGrdngPendcorkmsto rading (or excavation/compaction) atovuare tovakn at the following ate 4 1 COUNTY OERESNO
; ■ . DEPARTMENT GFHEALTH
■ UNDERGROUND STORAGE TARR TAOGRAM
Pror: ($5) 342
ConkrdeorClenr A -
IN CONJUNCTION WITH ‘

OF UNDERGROUND PETROLEUM STORAGE TANKS
uawLonaiswsendreigtakonn.
omp). podocd • OAHA E
"MomXXr“"P_ GDEL
UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK PROGRAM PERMI APPLICATION PeaM (Bee inetrudona for completing this form on the roreree oo or th prge.) ast. *r-*ons

UNDERGROUND

UNIFIED PRO

FRESNO COUNTY HUMAN SERVICES SYSTEM-DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH-ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH S : 1221 Fulton Mail, Post Office Box 11857, Fresno, California 93775 (559) 445-3271 •g2.&3. (one page per site) — I 1

PERMANENTLY CLOSED SIIE

TANK REMOVED
.400
■ d: • L FACILITY / SITE INFORMATION
’ “EPMCAcoo2602 4 8t BUSINESS NAME (Sapu D FACILITYNAME or DEA—DoingBusiqansAs) KATWOnZPpUeciRaorcate BUSINESS ADDRESS, /..r h ■ ■
B
. 1
L4. LOCAL AGENCY/DIST
B1 J .. “r3 ' ' ' SIffes . 475 FACILITY OWNER TYPE
HSOC-RcR&JL13)2) •
S STATION 13. FARM • 5. COMMERCIAL 22
JTRIBUTOR U 4. PROCESSOR [ 6. OTHER 403 □ 3.

V‘ (C. □ 5. COUNTY AGENOY*
BUSINESS - E GAS 11 6. STATE AGENCY*
TYPE □ 2. DISTRIBUTOR '□ 1. PARTNERSHIP □ 7. FEDERAL AGENCY* .402 TOTALNUMBER OF TANKSIs facility on Indian Reservation or REMAINING AT SITE trustlands?
404 □ Yes I No .. .403 ' 405
U. PROPERTY OWNER INFORMATION .: ss* rn" E o4AMmu*ap. SSRSvawYMER —r vdrs"Li. PHONE; RESS Tu tA *y‘ A ■ ' : Ate Io" % : :409 ; 77%5 V"
CITY T 410 STA' 411 ZIP CODE " FuGn •• 412 93)
&
PROPERTY OWNER TYPE • 1. CORPORATION
’ $13
T
m. TANK OWNER INFORMATION
414 JeffDiuco) ) --

45. zEzubooole(d O i
416
Jutte lib E
1 417. STATE/ .. .4« • ZIP CODE-,. —t 1 415 •
3/1 -
X2.IDIDUAL • 4. LOCAL AGENCY / DISTRICT • 6. STATE AGENCY

13. PARTNERSHIP □ 5. COUNTY AGENCY □ 7. FEDERAL AGENi
TANK OWNER TYPE □ 1. CORPORATION 420
□ 7. FEDERAL AGENCY
IV. BOARD OF EQUALIZATION UST STORAGE FEE ACCOUNT NO
EZO Call (916) 322-9669 if questions arise
IDT,
INDICATE METHODS) SELF-INSURED □ 4. SURETY BONDre
L]6. EXEMPTION • 9. STATE FUND & CD 4a
# ——S% *
□ L FACILITY PROPERTY OWNER OJ.TANKOWNBS. 433
VII. APPLICANT SIGNATURE
dhas the inoronation provided heein f tu and accurate t the best af my kowledga.

OF DATE. 4 . r * 425 i He 1
T
SJWSRUR, -NA —t. 4» d TITLBOF 427
STATE UST FACILITY NUMBER (For local uze caly 428 429°
in 1 AF- -E A % . 1 ' Ne .
- Formerly SWRCB Fo
- T" *: — 77 a...

CORPORATION.!"

INDIVIDUAL
OL. (arkcalumocan= TSars 429=54
KT&MS2R

TYPE OF ACTION
(Check or item only)
. *.
fs is the contact person for tlie. bnk records.) . A. " "If owner of UST in » public agency: name of supervisor of division operates the UST (This is the contact person for tlie bnk records.) . h
st
TANK OWNER NAME LKAW04
MAILING OR STREET 8s 1,
CITY,.
“honsendlEesV.PETROLEUMUSTFNANCGC
Cenificadon—I
sicucrORS
I. INDIVIDUAL □ 4. LOCAL AGENCY/ DISTRICT CIA STATE AGENCY .PARTNERSHTP. .C 5. COUNTY AGENCY ■; - L7. FEDERAL AGENCY “ • 1.NEW SITE PERMIT D3.RENEWAL PERMIT .DSCHANGE OF INFORMATION ' . □ 4. AMENDED PERMIT, .specify change local use only **l • i : . C GTEMPORARY STE CLOSURE

E TANKS - FACILITY

DLIDATED FORM
48200*2(885)2zh-es
TMAOFAPAICAMTePM* CowaNC(n ( do
1998 UPGRADE CERTIFICATE NUMBER
TY(TK)HQ 44- | 1 1
IONB-RCRCMA.’ TetF*rAit""iS8*4qs .
(S922427
: : 2 * 0 f ? VI. LEGAL NOTIFICATION AND MAILING ADDRESS . _ - - r' _ . — - - 1 —-------------1=-wbfey a—y Check one box to indicute which address should be uged for legal notifications and midling, fe Logil nothtisetonand mlings will be dcto thotank ownor uolnes baalar2h checked.

PHONE
(SSS) 221-12(
aal ICSV MATSEEs
=$3 .3 “M-1130
I
. feel Monsdo*
ipg.revigedlaakion ■
LICANT. . ......_
mmWPaa?
431
A****;
-KlSELNSURED .E4 SURETY BOND.., H7 STATEFUND FCNSmne*==EE — 12 GUARANTEE ’ • 5. LETTER OF CREDIT C 8. STATE FUND & CFO LETTER - [ 99. OTHER ”.$= ■ n 3. INSURANCE ---------------
—* "1Y
-—* —tens
Facility Name:KAZAZAploicat RaP Date 4-/8-06 FA
PR
Cemmux Tract: 5904 PE 030/:

2. gal.

3. gal.

4. gal. k

5.. gal. Oil/Grease - EPA 418.1 or EPA 5320F:

Other:

Plot Plan (not to scale) ()(circlecorroct directional)
OX)TAN
€-N N-P
Notes:

AcKuLEV A1- NJ
Soil discoloration and its location(s):

Notes:

CUPA Specialist
CONTRACTOR PROPER DECONTAMINATION OF T. Page I of )
0272 S25
Siw Addrars: 2248 E, McuLey 006 GM
Typoof mapection: ERemoval. □ Abandonment in place □ Oter S.1,
(o /olop
Sample locations and
numbers shown on this site
diagram shall correspond
with the numbers and
locations depicted on the
sampler’s diagram.

TPHby

DHS-GC/FID(LUFT)
BTXEby EPA 8020
MTBE by EPA 8020,
positive readings must be
confirmed by EPA 8260
Plot Key
X- Sample location
Tx-Tank number
Sy - Sample number
O’ _ Depth below grade
Example: S25‘
er Representative, Tile
Tank Information:____ ______
Tank Sirs / Permit Number / Contents:

Inspection Information:

Tank(s) completely emptied?
Tank() cleaned and waste manifested?___
Tunk(o) properly purged / LEL Wow 5%?
All piping removed?
Groundwater / Productin excavation? (circle one)
Approved abandonment to place?
UPC UST Closure Forms completed & submitted?
________________________________
Samples Tukenby.2201Q See______ ■
Company: Ses& CaszZG
Alalyals / Sample Nmmberu
Gag-TPHGu,BTXBAMBE:S/YS2
Diesel -TPH Diesel.
sV

FRESNO COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH - ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, SYSTEM Certified Unified Program Agency (CUPA)
1221 Fulton Mall, P.O. Box 11867, Fresno, California 93775 Telephone: (559) 445-3271 Fax: (559) 445-3301 www.fresnohumanservices.as

UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK ABANDONMENT INSPECTION REPORT
Tank condition (describe): MpezAle. RstO HQzs
sA-q
I
p/SPENSS,
ws,-g
-. —5 *5py Sy" c 9*—
OIL “"or J^pcs I CONSERVATION
FAX (550) 485-5497 I —Ws Tols •

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
I.D. NO. CAD 980 673 842 . ; .

TANK TEST CERTIFICATION
Invoice No;: 190Le
Address: City: 1Z — Zip: 93227 -
Client:-
City: _ zip: 9372 5:
'• Tithe: — 10 ,1. LEL—2s % .... Initial:
% InitialT
..%* initials
Test No. 4 , Time;
Test No. :5. ■ Time: _
i
-Generator’s Signature= ( . T
re.

N
County Inspector’s Signatul
•i, LaW. w wd «4S*4b +. :
• -E—
; tu_
L—
. LEL

CONSERVATION
’ THRU
RECYCLING .
2006- th. TankNo. oid
—
Time:

Time: _
Test No; 1
Test No. 2
Test No. 3
—%
o*
■i
I
RccKalaAuf
S±&Lurd oeon-ozor— ■ Phone; (559)23-717.8
. Initial
■ Initial
I
i
i
i
Address: - 5408 c Qana.Au -
Date: 4 7 /aLak.Job No.: -
‘ Manifest No.: awas3

SERVICE
INC.

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
3256 N. MARKS AVE.

FRESNO; GA 93722-4919 ' .
(559) 485-5495
DEPT. OF HEALTH SERVICES

HAZARDOUS WASTE HAULER
REG. NO 1943
. EPAID No. CAC 002 02 484______
Generatorkoasoc.
ili
_ — — Tank Size:1$522.—
/ r Prod. Unl. Gas • a- .
.. _ -Held: Lead Gas P "
O.C.S. Inc. certifies that at the time that this tank was tested by us it was free of flammable vapo remain vapor free. Treat this container with extreme caution, it may contain explosive gases. !.

DO NOT EXPOSE THIS CONTAINER TO FLAMES, SPARKS OR EXCESSIVE HEA). ; .
.Contractor's Signe
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Any oral explanation or interpretations given to this project are not binding.

Contract Number 19-14-SW Notice to Bidders - 2
Bids shall be submitted in a sealed envelope addressed to the Department and labeled with the name of the bidder, the name of the project and the statement 'Do Not Open Until The Time Of Bid Opening.'
All questions regarding this project shall be in writing and shall be received by the Department of Public Works and Planning, Design Division, no later than 2:00 P.M. on the seventh (7th) calendar day before bid opening. Any questions received after this deadline will not receive a response unless the Department of Public Works and Planning elects to issue an addendum to revise the bid opening date. In the event that the bid opening date is revised, the deadline for questions will be extended to no later than 2:00 P.M. on the seventh (7th) calendar day before the revised bid opening date. Questions shall be submitted on the “CONTRACTOR REQUEST FOR CLARIFICATION” form provided in the “Project Details” section of these project specifications. Fax questions to (559) 455-4609; e-mail to [email protected] or mail to:

County of Fresno
Department of Public Works and Planning
2220 Tulare Street, Sixth Floor
Fresno, Ca. 93721-2104
A Summary of Bids and a list of subcontractors for the apparent low bidder will be posted at the above listed website, generally within 24 hours of the Bid Opening.

Any changes to, or clarification of, the project plans and specifications shall be in the form of a written addendum issued to planholders of record. Questions that prompt a change or clarification shall be included in the addendum with the subsequent answer.

Bid security in the amount often (10) percent of the amount of the bid, and in the form of a bid bond issued by an admitted surety insurer licensed by the California Department of Insurance, cash, cashier's check or certified check shall accompany the bid. Bid security shall be made in favor of the County of Fresno.
a bid book will be mailed to the requestor via First Class United States Mail and the requestor will then be listed as a planholder for the project.

Pursuant to Section 1773 of the Labor Code, the general prevailing wage rates in the county, or counties, in which the work is to be done have been determined by the Director of the California Department of Industrial Relations. These wages are set forth in the General Prevailing Wage Rates for this project, available at County of Fresno, Department of Public Works and Planning, 2220 Tulare Street, Sixth Floor, Fresno CA 93721-2104 and available from the California No contract will be awarded to a contractor who has not been licensed in accordance with the provisions of the Contractors State License Law, California Business and Professions Code, Division 3, Chapter 9, as amended, or whose bid is not on the proposal form included in the contract document. A valid California Contractor's License, Class C57 (Well Drilling), is required for this project.

Special attention is directed to the licensure and experience requirements listed in Part 1.5 if Section 33 24 13 of these Special Provisions. Any bidder who fails to demonstrate the appropriate minimum level of experience within five business days of the bid opening will be deemed non-responsive.

Project plans and specifications will not be sold to prospective bidders in hardcopy format except upon special written request to [email protected]. A payment to the Department in the amount of $10 will be required for each set of plans and $30 for each set of specifications.

WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT

DE YOUNG PROPERTIES
VESTING TENTATIVE TRACT MAP 6502

BLOSSOM VIEW

JANUARY 2025
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WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT
VESTING TENTATIVE TRACT MAP 6502

BLOSSOM VIEW
Prepared for:

De Young Properties
677 W. Palmdon Drive #208
Fresno, CA 93704
Contact: Brandon De Young
Phone: (559) 407-0884
Consultant:
5080 California Avenue, Suite 220
Bakersfield, CA 93309
Contact: Jaymie Brauer
Brian G. Shoener, P.E.

Phone: (559) 449-2400
Fax: (559) 733-7821
January 2025
© Copyright by Quad Knopf, Inc.

Unauthorized use prohibited.

Project #230286
Q

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page i
Table of Contents
SECTION 1 - Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1-1

1.1 - Regulatory Requirement.........................................................................................................................1-1

1.2 - Project Description and Location........................................................................................................1-1

1.3 - Project Water Requirements and Setting ........................................................................................1-1 SECTION 2 - Water Resources/Water Supply ....................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 - Proposed Water Supply...........................................................................................................................2-1

2.2 - Hydrologic Region......................................................................................................................................2-3

2.2.1 - Groundwater - The Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region.................................................2-4

2.2.2 - The Kings Groundwater Subbasin....................................................................................2-4

2.2.3 - Surface Water ............................................................................................................................2-4

2.3 - City of Fresno – 2020 UWMP ................................................................................................................2-7 SECTION 3 - Water Supply Sufficiency ..................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1 - Physical Availability..................................................................................................................................3-1

3.2 - The 2020 City of Fresno, Urban Water Management Plan – Water Years Adequacy Projections...............................................................................................................................................................3-1

3.2.1 - Average (or Normal) Year....................................................................................................3-2

3.2.2 - Single Dry Year..........................................................................................................................3-2

3.2.3 - Five Consecutive Dry-Year Reliability Assessment...................................................3-3

3.3 - Water Supply Management....................................................................................................................3-6 SECTION 4 - Conclusions ................................................................................................................................ 4-1 SECTION 5 - References .................................................................................................................................. 5-1 Appendices
Appendix A – Chapter 643, Statutes of 2001 (Senate Bill 610) Appendix B – City of Fresno, 2020 Urban Water Master Plan Appendix C – TTM 6475 Property WSA – Consistency with DWR Guidelines

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page ii
List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Regional Location ..........................................................................................................................1-3 Figure 1-2 Project Site........................................................................................................................................1-4 Figure 1-3 Project Site – Tentative Tract Map.........................................................................................1-5 Figure 1-4 Project Location: Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region..........................................................1-7 Figure 1-5 Project Location: Kings Groundwater Subbasin .............................................................1-8 Figure 2-1 Tulare Lake Groundwater Basin Prioritization ................................................................2-6

Introduction

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 1-1
SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION

1.1 - Regulatory Requirement
Senate Bill 610 (Chapter 643, Statutes of 2001) amended state law, effective January 1, 2002, to improve the link between information on water supply availability and land use decisions made by cities and counties. The statute requires detailed information regarding water availability to be provided to city and county decision-makers prior to approval of specified large development projects which are subject to CEQA (the California Environmental Quality Act) approval. These include residential, commercial, and industrial uses. The statute also requires this detailed information to be included in the administrative record that serves as the evidentiary basis for an entitlement action by the city or county on such projects. The statute-required water supply assessment (WSA) must examine the availability and sufficiency of an identified water supply under normal-year, single-dry-year, and multipledry-year conditions over a 20-year projection, accounting for the projected water demand of the Project in addition to other existing and planned future uses of the identified water supply.

The State Department of Water Resources “Guidebook for Implementation of Senate Bill 610 and Senate Bill 221 of 2001” (Guidebook) and the sample format presented in the Guidebook were used as guides in preparing this water supply assessment. Pertinent excerpts from the law stipulating requirements for water supply assessments precede Sections of this report.

The full text of Chapter 643, Statutes of 2001 (SB 610) is included in Appendix A.

1.2 - Project Description and Location
The Project is a 24-acre residential development, to be developed by De Young Properties on a site in eastern Fresno. The project site is located on the north side of East McKinley Avenue, east of North Temperance Avenue (Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2). The Project is within Section 26, Township 13 South, Range 21 East.

The proposed Project site is currently vacant. The site is currently zoned Fresno County Exclusive Agriculture, 20-acre Minimum (AE-20). There is a zoning change being proposed to designate the Project site as Single-Family Residential, Medium Low Density (RS-4). The proposed property will have 122 single family lots (Figure 1-3).

1.3 - Project Water Requirements and Setting
Water needed for construction will be obtained from the City of Fresno which obtains groundwater from wells located on land within the City or surface water from the FriantKern Canal. The current water distribution system is adjacent to the project site. The construction process is estimated to take approximately 12 months. Construction water demands are estimated to be approximately 225 gpd/acre for the duration of construction or 6.05 acre-feet, which is equivalent to approximately 1,971,000 gallons. Bottled drinking water will be provided for crews during construction activities.

Introduction

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 1-2
Initial construction water usage will be in support of site preparation and grading activities.

During earthwork for grading of access road foundations, building foundations and project components, the principal use of water would be for compaction and dust control. Smaller quantities would be required for preparation of the concrete required for foundations and other minor uses. After the earthwork activities, water usage will be used for dust suppression and normal construction water requirements that are associated with construction of the buildings, internal access roads, and revegetation.

The long-term average day operational water demand will be for the residential users and is anticipated to be approximately 30.86 million gallons per year or 94.74 acre-feet per year for the total build out of the Project. This is based on each residential unit having an average day water demand of 693 gallons per day (based on the 198-gallon per capita/day average in the 2020 City of Fresno Urban Water Management Plan and 3.5 people per unit) across the entire buildout of 122 units for the Project.

Figures 1-4 and 1-5 illustrate the location of the Project site within the Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region, the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin and the Kings Subbasin, and the borders of these water resource areas. Construction and operational water for the Project will be from sources pumping groundwater from this basin or from the City surface water treatment plants. The Kings Subbasin does not have any adjudicated areas.

Introduction

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 1-3

Figure 1-1
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Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 1-4
Figure 1-2
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Introduction

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 1-5
Figure 1-3
Project Site – Tentative Tract Map

VESTING TENTATIVE
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CITY OF FRESNO. COUNTY OF FRESNO

STATE OF CALIFORNIA
NOVEMBER 2024
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4 NOTES

2. SITE AREA: 24.66 (GROSS) 11.57 ACRES (NET)

10. 12.

13. ro BE DEDICATED TOTHECITrOf FRESNO FOR PUBLIC LANDSCAPE AND IRRIGATION PURPOSES OUTLOTS C. 0. £ F. G. H. I J TO BE CONVEYED TO AND MANAGED BY A HOME OWNERS ASSOCIATION

PARK & TRW

UTILITY INFORMATION

RECORD OWNER SUBDIVDER LAND SURVEYOR

15. 16.

17. GAS AND mctmc

PACIFIC GAS AND

ELECTRIC COMPANY
650 ‘O’ STREET
FRESNO, CA 93721
PHONE: 800-743-5000
ADDRESS: 7298 EAST McKINLEY AVENUE, FRESNO CA 93737
EXISTING ZONWG, LAND USE: AE20 (EXCLUSNE AGRICULTURE, 20-ACRE MWUM) (FRESNO COUNTY) EXISING LAND USE: MEDIUN DENSITY RESIDENTIAL
PROPOSED ZONWC, LAND USE: RS-5, MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTIAL

OUTLOT SCHEDULE
OUTLOrS A 8

TO BE DEDICATED TO THE CITY OF FRESNO FOR OPEN SPACE, PEDESTRIAN, LANDSCAPE AND

IRRIGATION PURPOSES
SEWER AND HAini;

CITY OF FRESNO
2600 FRESNO STREET
FRESNO, CA 93721
PHONE: (559) 621-2489
NO GRADE DFFERENTULS WORE OF MORE THAN 6* IS FORESEEN. ANY GRADE DIFFERENTULS ACROSS EXISTING AND PROPOSED PROPERTY LINES WILL BE MITIGATED PER CITY Of FRESNO REOUNREMENTS.

PROPOSED SEWER, WATER, CONCRETE CURBS. GUTTERS, SIDEWALKS, STREETLIGHTS, AND STREET PAVEMENT TO BE INSTALLED PER CITY OF FRESNO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS.

ALL STREETS WTHWN THS SUBDMSION TO BE OFFERED FOR DEDICATION FOR PUBUC STREET PURPOSES.

ALL EXISTING WATER LNES, SEWERS, AND STORM DRAINS WILL REMAIN UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.

ALL EXISTING STRUCTURES ARE TO BE REMOVED. WELLS AND SEPTIC SYSTEMS ARE To 6E ABANDONED PER CITY AND COUNTY STANDARDS.

THERE ARE NO KNOWN UNDERGROUND FEATURES SUCH AS WELLS OR CESSPOOLS WTMIN THE PROPOSED SUBDMSION.

IHIS SUBDMSION DESIGN PROMDES, TO THE EXTENT FEASIBLE, FOR PASSNE NATURAL HEAIING OR COOLING OPPORTUMTES AND OTHER MEASURES THAT CONSERVE NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES (35% OF THE TOTAL LOT COUNT WLL HAVE NORTH-SOUTH ORIENTATION).

THERE ARE NO DUMP SITES ON THIS PROPERTY.

WATER SUPPLY AND SEWER SERVICES ARE FROM THE CITY OF FRESNO.

EXISTING SERVICE POLES ALONG McKINLEY AVENUE ARE TO REMAIN.

APPROXIMATELY 111 EXISDNG TREES TO BE REMOVED MITHIN THE BOUNDARY OF THE SUBDMSION.

EXISTNC BUILDINGS (BUILD) ARE TO BE REMOVED.

CABLE TELEMSION:

COMCAST
2441 NORTH GROVE

INDUSTRIAL DRNE
FRESNO, CA 93727
PHONE: (559) 455-4221
TELEPHONE:

AT&T CALFORNCA
5555 EAST OUNE AVENUE,
RM. E-100-DE
FRESNO, CA 93762
PHONE: (559) 454-3778
STORM DRMN:

FRESNO METROPOUTAN

FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT
5469 EAST OLNE AVENUE
FRESNO, CA 93725
PHOWE: (559) 456-3292
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8 Introduction

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 1-6
Figure 1-4
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8. SEE SHEET 1

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PROPOSED ER MAIN, SIZE AS NOTED
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UTILITY INFORMATION
SCALE: 1’- 50’
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PROPOSED CIy RIGHT Of WAY DEDICATION

PROPOSED

RELINOUISHMENT OF DIRECT ACCESS RIGHTS

ADJACENT PROPERTY LNES

CENTERUNE

SECTION LNE

MAP BOUNDARY

EXISTING

EXISTING BULDNG

EXISTING CHAN LNK FENCE

EXISTING CONTOUR

EXISTING CULVERT

EXISTING CURB AD GUTTER
EXISTING EDGE of PAVEWENT
EXISTING OVERHEAD ELECTRic UNE
ExISTiNG OVERHEAD TELEPHONE UNE

EXISTING SANITARY SEWER MANHOLE

EXISTING SERMCE POLE

EXISTING SEWER LNE, APPROXIMATE LOCATION
BASED on ci of FRESNO GS
EXISTING SToRu DRAIN DROP INLET
EXISTING Toe of SLOPE
ExISTiNG TOP oF SLOPE
EXSTiNG TREE
EXISTING WATER UNE. APPROXILATE LOCATION
BASED oNciryof FRESNO as
ExiSTG WATER VALVE

EXISTING WELL

EXISTING MRE FENCE
EXISTING wooD FENCE

PROPOSED CURB AND GUTTER

PROPOSED DRAMAGE DIRECTION
PROPOSED Lor LNES
PROPOSED RIGHT-OF-wAY
PROPOSED PUBUC onuT EASEMENT

PROPOSED PEDESTRIN EASEWENT
PROPOSED 6FT TALL BLOCK WALL
PROPOSED MANHOLE. SEWER

PROPOSED DRAMAGE INLET

PROPOSED FRE HYDRANT

PROPOSED MANHOLE, STORM ORAN

PROPOSED SEWER MAN, SZE AS NOTED
PROPOSED SToRu DRAW MAN, SIZE AS NOTED
E YALE

A VENNUE
I
I
I
I
2 114 3
2,520 SF
882 SF
63′1
10° PVE
I
I
33 112
2,520 SF

15. 16.
2 113
2,520 SF
N1/4CORSEC 35,—
T13S, R21E, UDAMI.
3 111
2,520 SF
5 2
i
BEGINNING AT THE POIT Of INTERSECTON OF THE EAST UNE OF SMD LOI 2> MTHAUNE WHICH S PARALLEL MTH AND 351.00 FEET NORIH OF, MEASURED AT RIGHT ANGLES THERETO, THE SOUTH LINE OF SAD SECTION 26, WHich POWT BEARS NORTH 001′01" EAST A DSTANCE OF 350.01 FEET FROM THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE SOUTHWEST QUARTER or SAD SECTION 26; THENCE NORTH 89′35′29" WEST ALONG SAD PARALLEL LINE A DISTANCE OF 661.76 FEET TO THE POINT Of (NTERSECTNON Of SAAD PARALLEL UNE WTH THE WEST LWE OF THE EAST HALF OF SAD LOT 21: THENCE NORTH 0′00′35° EAST ALOWNG THE WEST LINE OF THE EAST HALF OF SAID LOT 21 A DISTANCE OF 886.94 FEET; THENCE SOUTH 892658” WEST A DISTANCE OF 306.91 FEET; THENCE SOUTH 5715′00° WEST A DISTANCE OF 216.62 FEET; THENCE NORTH 35-49′38* WEST A DISTANCE OF 20 FEET; THENCE SOUTH 79′18′49” WEST A DSTANCE OF 72.66 FEET TO A POINT ON THE WEST UNE OF SAD LOT 20; THENCE NORTH 000*10" EAST ALONG THE WEST LWE OF SAD Lor 20, A DISTANCE OF 141.69 FEET TO THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF SAID LOT 20; THENCE SOUTH 8938′57* EAST ALONG THE NORTH LINE OF SAD LOTS 20 AND 21 A DISTANCE Of 1323.77 FEET; THENCE SOUTH 001′01” WEST ALONG THE EAST UNE OF SAD LOT 21 A DISTANCE OF 973.97 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEG<HNTNG^
14 - 5,199 SF
|" PE
•10‘ PUE
-==8” ss-
._R=1000
EXCEPING THEREFROM THAT PORTION OF SAID LOT 21 AS DEEDED TO FRESNO METROPOLITAN FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT I DEED RECORDED FEBRUARY 16, 1990, AS DOCUMENT No. 90018737, OFPCMAL RECORDS, DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS:
10° PUE
S3‘±
FRESNO, CA 93762
PHONE: (559) 454-5778
89 ,826 SF
LOTS 20&21oF THE SUBDMSION oF SECDON 26, TOWNSHP 13 SOUTH, RANGE 21 EASE, MOUNT DIABLO BASE AND MERIDIAN, ACCORDING TO THE OFfICWL RECORDS ONFNLEWIHE OFFICE OF THE COUNT RECORDER OF SAID COUNTY GAS AND ClFCTRiC

PACIFIC GAS AND

ELECTRIC COMPANY
650 O‘ STREET
FRESNO, CA 93721
PHONE: 800- 745-5000

SEWER AND WATFP

CITY OF FRESNO
2600 FRESNO STREET
FRESNO. CA 93721
PHONE: (559) 621-2489

OUTLOT G
2,228 SF

10. 11.

12. 10° PVE
1‘ PElAVENUE _
N891541w 103.47

TO BE DEDICATED TO THE CITY OF FRESNO FOR OPEN SPACE, PEDESTRIN, LANDSCAPE AND

IRRIGATION PURPOSES
CABLE TElEYSION:

COMCAST
2441 NORTH GROVE

INDUSTRIAL DRIVE
FRESNO, CA 93727
PHONE: (559) 455-4221
2 #,4
TRAIL

1.33 ACRES

OUTLOT SCHEDULE
OUTLOTS A 8
R-1000
"~8' SS-=
TEMP
BASIN
15,106 SF
FRESNO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS.

ALL STREETS WITHN THS SUBDMSION TO BE OFFERED FOR DEDICATION FOR PUBLIC STREET PURPOSES.

ALL EXISTING WATER LINES, SEWERS, AND STORM DRAINS WILL RELAIN UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.

ALL EXISTING STRUCTURES ARE TO BE REMOVED. WELLS AND SEPTIC SYSTEMS ARE TO BE ABANDONED PER CITY AND COUNTY STANDARDS.

THERE ARE NO KNOWN UNDERGROUND FEATURES SUCH AS WELLS OR CESSPOOLS WTHW THE PROPOSED SUBDMSION.

THS SUBDMSION DESIGN PROMDES, TO THE EXTENT FEASIBLE, FOR PASSIVE NATURAL HEATING OR COOLING OPPORTUNTES AND OTHER MEASURES THAT CONSERVE NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES (35% Of THE TOTAL Lor COUNT WLL HAVE NORTH-SOUTH ORIENTATION).

THERE ARE NO DUMP SITES ON THIS PROPERTY.

WATER SUPPLY AND SEWER SERVICES ARE FROM THE CITr OF FRESNO.

EXISTING SERVICE POLES ALONG McKWEY AVENUE ARE TO REMAIN.

APPROXMATELY 111 EXISTWNG JREES TO EE REMOVED WITHW THE BOUNDARY OF THE SUBDIWSION.

EXISTING BULDNGS (BULD) ARET0BE REMOVED.

TELEPHONE:

AT&T CALFORNA
5555 EAST OLE AVENUE.
10 U
5,764 SE Is
I 2,779 SF
I 63‘±
IrPE
8 4,378 sr
88 5,074 sr
24 i
5,665 sr
18 6,082 sr

LEGAL DESCRIPTION
REAL PROPERTY ITECIOF FRESNO, STATE oF CALIFORNIA, coUTY of FRESNO, UNNCORPORATED AREA, DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS 101
1,908 SF

E ADENA AVE

E VASSAR
AVE
=8" ss- R-744'
531
102
90 4,260 SF
r Pr)’
10° PUE
2′8
l
26 6,302 sr
11 5,961 SF
STORM DRAIN:

FRESNO METROPOLITAN

FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICI
5469 EAST OUVE AVENUE
FRESNO, CA 93725
PHONE: (559) 456-3292
17 5,665 sr
L-srr TTe
EOUTLOTA
4,089 sr

RECORD OWNER
VICENT G. ZANNOVICH, JR.ETAL
7298 EAST McKINLEY AVENUE
FRESNO, CA 93737

SUBDIVIDER

DE YOUNC PROPERTES
677 WEST PALMDON AVE
SUITE 208
FRESNO, CA 93704
(559) 435-0900

OUTLOT B
9,334 sr
r PE 62-1
1 98
108 1
2,068 sr l
13 5.665 SF^
(if==troEC =
2l1/ch mm...- Pat
2 4,250 sr
T
J
3 20
- 5,665 sr
__ St
0 2
|&
|2II

E UNIVERSITY AVENUE
N89-1541w 313.55'
8 30°

RESERVATION

I FOR ACCESS
h (128k"sss)
0 Z

NOTES------------------------------------------------------------------

1. ADDRESS: 7298 EAST McKINLEY AVENUE, FRESNO CA 93737

2. EXISTING ZONING, LAND USE: AE20 (EXCLUSIVE AGRICULTURE, 20-ACRE MVOMUM) (FRESNO COUNTY)

3. EXISTING LAND USE: MEDIUN DENSITY RESIDENTIAL

4. PROPOSED ZOMNG, LAND USE: RS-5. MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTML

5. SITE AREA: 24.66 (GROSS) / 11.57 ACRES (NET)

6. NO GRADE DWFFERENTILS WORE OF MORE THAN 6" IS FORESEEN. ANY GRADE DIFFERENTIALS ACROSS EXISTING AND PROPOSED PROPERTY LINES WILL BE MJTIGATED PERCIIYOF FRESNO REQUIREMENTS.
53'1
14 2

OUTLOT F
1,767 SF

LAND SURVEYOR
ANTON s. WESTERLUND. PLS, CFedS
601 POLLASKY AVE
SUTE 301
CLOMS, CA 93612
(559)449-2400
91 +
4,642 SF X
3 15 - 5,150 SF
a sr " > 5H
TA SouTLOTH
3 22
* 5,150 SF
3 28
T 5,247 SF
2 1
X
s 12
- 5,141 sr
s 5,457 sF ig

25.. D1 - 5,157 SF
)
s I 106
’ 1,908 sr
—10‘ PUE
I 53'1
I n
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Ti T
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----z
T 5,209 SF -
QKWWW.OKINC.COM
1-800-955-7509
eAxEAsnCD. cLos, "NFOFO. MERCED. POATEru. “AA
TRACT MAP No. 6502
-------- CITY OF FRESNO, COUNTY OF FRESNO ----------------------

STATE OF CALIFORNIA
NOVEMBER 2024
II
/I
Introduction

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 1-7

Figure 1-5
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Introduction

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 1-8

Figure 1-6
Project Location: Kings Groundwater Subbasin
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Water Resources/Water Supply

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 2-1
SECTION 2 - WATER RESOURCES/WATER SUPPLY

2.1 - Proposed Water Supply
The project will be served by a public water system as required by Water Code section 10910(b). The purpose of the Water Supply Assessment is to determine “If the projected water demand associated with the proposed project was accounted for in the most recently adopted urban water management plan, the public water system may incorporate the requested information from the urban water management plan in preparing the elements of the assessment required to comply with subdivisions (d), (e), (f), and (g). If the projected water demand associated with the proposed project was not accounted for in the most recently adopted urban water management plan, or the public water system has no urban water management plan, the water supply assessment for the project shall include a discussion with regard to whether the public water system's total projected water supplies available during normal, single dry, and multiple dry water years during a 20-year projection will meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project, in addition to the public water system's existing and planned future uses, including agricultural and manufacturing uses.”
The City of Fresno is required to adopt an urban water management plan since the city serves more than 3,000 connections. The 2020 UWMP will be used for this water supply assessment. The 2020 UWMP will be used to obtain the following:
“a discussion with regard to whether the public water system's total projected water supplies available during normal, single dry, and multiple dry water years during a 20-year projection will meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project.”
In making the sufficiency determination, the public water system shall include an assessment of the following from Water Code Section 10910.

Water Code Section 10910
(a) Any city or county that determines that a project, as defined in Section 10912, is subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (Division 13 (commencing with Section 21000) of the Public Resources Code) under Section 21080 of the Public Resources Code shall comply with this part.
(b) The city or county, at the time that it determines whether an environmental impact report, a negative declaration, or a mitigated negative declaration is required for any project subject to the California Environmental Quality Act pursuant to Section 21080.1 of the Public Resources Code, shall identify any water system whose service area includes the project site and any water system adjacent to the project site that is, or may become as a result of supplying water to the project identified pursuant to this subdivision, a public water system, as defined in Section 10912, that may supply water for the project. If the city or county is not able to identify any public Water Resources/Water Supply

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 2-2
water system that may supply water for the project, the city or county shall prepare the water assessment required by this part after consulting with any entity serving domestic water supplies whose service area includes the project site, the local agency formation commission, and any public water system adjacent to the project site. (c) (1) The city or county, at the time it makes the determination required under Section 21080.1 of the Public Resources Code, shall request each public water system identified pursuant to subdivision (b) to determine whether the projected water demand associated with a proposed project was included as part of the most recently adopted urban water management plan adopted pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610).
(2) If the projected water demand associated with the proposed project was accounted for in the most recently adopted urban water management plan, the public water system may incorporate the requested information from the urban water management plan in preparing the elements of the assessment required to comply with subdivisions (d), (e), (f), and (g).
(3) If the projected water demand associated with the proposed project was not accounted for in the most recently adopted urban water management plan, or the public water system has no urban water management plan, the water supply assessment for the project shall include a discussion with regard to whether the public water system’s total projected water supplies available during normal, single dry, and multiple dry water years during a 20-year projection will meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project, in addition to the public water system’s existing and planned future uses, including agricultural and manufacturing uses.
(4) If the city or county is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), the water supply assessment for the project shall include a discussion with regard to whether the total projected water supplies, determined to be available by the city or county for the project during normal, single dry, and multiple dry water years during a 20-year projection, will meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project, in addition to existing and planned future uses, including agricultural and manufacturing uses.

The Project area consists of the General Plan land use of Residential Medium Density. The long-term average day operational water demand will be for the residential users and is anticipated to be approximately 13.41 million gallons per year or 47.89 acre-feet per year for the total build out of the Project. This is based on each residential unit having an average day water demand of 693 gallons per day (based on the 198-gallon per capita/day average in the 2020 City of Fresno Urban Water Management Plan and 3.5 people per unit) across the entire buildout of 53 units for the Project.

Project water supply during construction and for the developed properties is proposed to be from the City of Fresno.

Water Resources/Water Supply

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 2-3

2.2 - Hydrologic Region
The Water Supply Assessment evaluates the physical availability of and adequate groundwater supply, in all “water years” for a 20-year period.

This Assessment describes the relevant Hydrologic Region, Basin, and Subbasin, describes the principal water agency (City of Fresno) serving and regulating Basin water planning and surface water importation, and lists water sufficiency and planning documents regarding the Basin. Section 3 includes the latest (2020) City of Fresno projection of water availability (ground) for the Basin for a 20-year period under the normal, single dry and multiple dry year scenarios, as required by SB 610.

Water Code Section 10910
(f) If a water supply for a proposed project includes groundwater, the following additional information shall be included in the water assessment:
(1) A review of any information contained in the urban water management plan relevant to the identified water supply for the proposed project. (2)(A) A description of any groundwater basin or basins from which the proposed project will be supplied.
(B) For those basins for which a court or the board has adjudicated the rights to pump groundwater, a copy of the order or decree adopted by the court or the board and a description of the amount of groundwater the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), has the legal right to pump under the order or decree.
(C) For a basin that has not been adjudicated that is a basin designated as high- or medium-priority pursuant to Section 10722.4 , information regarding the following:
(i) Whether the department has identified the basin as being subject to critical conditions of overdraft pursuant to Section 12924 .
(ii) If a groundwater sustainability agency has adopted a groundwater sustainability plan or has an approved alternative, a copy of that alternative or plan. (D) For a basin that has not been adjudicated that is a basin designated as low- or very low priority pursuant to Section 10722.4 , information as to whether the department has identified the basin or basins as overdrafted or has projected that the basin will become overdrafted if present management conditions continue, in the most current bulletin of the department that characterizes the condition of the groundwater basin, and a detailed description by the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), of the efforts being undertaken in the basin or basins to eliminate the long-term overdraft condition.

Water Resources/Water Supply

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 2-4

2.2.1 - GROUNDWATER - THE TULARE LAKE HYDROLOGIC REGION The California Department of Water Resources, (DWR) has divided the State into 10 Hydrologic Regions. The Project site is located within the Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region in a Basin ranked as “high priority” in a statewide ranking of groundwater importance. The Region encompasses approximately 16,800 square miles (see Figure 1-4).

2.2.2 - THE KINGS GROUNDWATER SUBBASIN
As shown in Figure 2-1, the City of Fresno is located in the Kings Subbasin (DWR Subbasin 5-22.08) which is in the greater Tulare Lake hydrologic region (DWR Basin 5.22), and also within the larger San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin (CA Natural Resources Agency, 2018). The Kings Subbasin covers approximately 1,530 square miles. The Kings Subbasin is generally bounded: on the north by the San Joaquin River; on the west by the Fresno Slough; on the south by the Kings River and Cottonwood Creek; and on the east by the Sierra foothills.

Groundwater in the Basin is used for all water supply for the City of Fresno. The city participates in and is a member of the North Kings Groundwater Sustainability Agency (NKGSA). The NKGSA adopted a Groundwater Sustainability Plan on December 2019.

2.2.3 - SURFACE WATER
Surface water is now a primary water supply used to meet potable demands within the City.

The City contracts with FID (Fresno Irrigation District) for Kings River water and with the USBR (United States Bureau of Reclamation) for CVP (Central Valley Project) water from the Friant-Kern Canal. The surface water supply is used either for potable uses through treatment and distribution or delivery to recharge basins for groundwater recharge.

The City, through an agreement originally executed in January 1961, secured a surface water supply from USBR CVP Friant Division. This agreement, for an annual water supply of 60,000 AF of Class 1 water, was last renewed in 2010 as a Section 9(d) contract that provides water from the San Joaquin River in perpetuity. The USBR CVP Friant Division facilities generally include: Friant Dam (Millerton Reservoir), the Friant-Kern Canal, and the Madera Canal. The Friant-Kern Canal is maintained and operated by the Friant Water Authority. The USBR water supply is a wholesale supply.

Construction of Friant Dam was completed in 1947 and began making diversions to the Friant- Kern Canal in 1949. Full operations of the CVP Friant Division did not commence until the Madera Canal was completed in 1951. Class 1 water was intended to be a supply that would be dependable in practically every year, regardless of the type of hydrologic WY. Class 2 water is essentially excess water available as determined by USBR and less reliable than Class 1 water.

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 2-5
Water Authority). The City is a member of the Friant Water Authority. The Settlement ended an 18-year legal dispute over the operation of Friant Dam brought by a coalition of conservation and fishing groups. The agreement characterized Class 1 deliveries by six hydrologic year types based on a recurrence over an 82-year simulation (1922–2003): wet, normal-wet, normal-dry, dry, critical- high, critical-low. The average simulated delivery is 53,680 AFY and the median simulated delivery, which is similar to normal year delivery, is 60,000 AFY. The median value is higher than the average value because 100% allocation of 60,000 AF is simulated in 50 of 82 years but the dry and critical years result in substantial reductions, which bring down the average allocation.

Water Resources/Water Supply

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 2-6

Figure 2-1
Tulare Lake Groundwater Basin Prioritization
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Water Resources/Water Supply

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 2-7

2.3 - City of Fresno – 2020 UWMP
The proposed water for the project is located within the City of Fresno Sphere of Influence.

As such, the city has detailed information regarding groundwater in the area.

The city has an estimated service population of approximately 550,217 people. In 2020, approximately 121,993 acre-feet (39,752 million gallons) of water was delivered to an estimated 140,150 water service connections of which approximately 91% of the water use is for residential services. The remainder are for commercial and industrial uses.

The city currently utilizes local groundwater and surface water as its source of water supply.

Groundwater is extracted by 270 wells located within the city’s sphere of influence. In addition to production wells, the city has three surface water treatment facilities.

The Planning Documents
The following documents were essential to the development of this report:
• City of Fresno, 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, July 2021 • North Kings GSA Groundwater Sustainability Plan (GSP), December 2019 • Department of Water Resources Bulletin 118
Water Supply Sufficiency

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 3-1
SECTION 3 - WATER SUPPLY SUFFICIENCY
Water Code Section 10910, Section 4.5
…(c)(3) If the projected water demand associated with the proposed project was not accounted for in the most recently adopted urban water management plan, or the public water system has no urban water management plan, the water supply assessment for the project shall include a discussion with regard to whether the public water system’s total projected water supplies available during normal, single, dry, and multiple dry water years during a 20-year projection will meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project, in addition to the public water system’s existing and planned future uses, including agricultural and manufacturing uses.

The sufficiency of the Project water supply is analyzed on two bases: the physical availability of the city to provide water in the amounts required for Project construction and operation; and the estimates (in the 2020 City of Fresno Urban Water Management Plan) of normal water years, single dry water year and multiple dry water years, water supply and demandrelated water availability with respect to projected water demand during a 20-year projection. The city is a participant in the North Kings Groundwater Sustainability Agency (SKGSA) that adopted a GSP in December 2019. The 2020 Urban Water Management Plan is in compliance with the NKGSA GSPs.

3.1 - Physical Availability
The information regarding the physical availability of water at and near to the Project site supports the conclusion that the groundwater aquifer pumping history are sufficient for both Project construction and Project operation and that there will be sufficient water to serve project needs for 20 years under the water scenarios described below.

3.2 - The 2020 City of Fresno, Urban Water Management Plan – Water Years Adequacy Projections
The following text excerpted from the Urban Water Management Plan illustrates the total groundwater resources available to the City, and the projected usage demand on such supplies through 2045. The following text extract (Section 7.1.4 of the UWMP) explains the city water supply adequacy:
…the City is projected to have greater than 100,000 AF of available supply after meeting demands in normal years. The City’s surface water supplies are reduced in a single dry year, but all potable demands are met and groundwater recharge of raw surface water is reduced. The City is projected to meet all demands during a five-year drought with its existing supplies. Potable demands are unrestricted, and nonpotable water used for groundwater recharge is reduced in years three and four of a five-year drought.

Water Supply Sufficiency

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 3-2
The following tables from the 2020 City of Fresno Urban Water Master Plan show the supply and demand comparisons for a normal year, single dry year, and five consecutive dry years.

3.2.1 - AVERAGE (OR NORMAL) YEAR
Normal year supply and demand projections and differences are presented in Table 3-1 (Table 7-1 in UWMP).

Table 3-1
Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison (AF)
As shown in Table 3-1, future water supplies are anticipated to be meet.

3.2.2 - SINGLE DRY YEAR
Projected supplies were compared to the increased demands for a single-dry year and are presented in Table 3-2 (Table 7-2 in UWMP).

Table 7-1. Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison (DWR 7-2R) Groundwater
Surface Water - USBR 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 Surface Water - FID 125,030 131,600 131,600 131,600 131,600 Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 329,030 341,140 346,610 352,000 357,330
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500
199,204 212,756 222,310 231,876 241,447
DIFFERENCE: 129,826 128,384 124,300 120,124 115,883
Non-Potable (Groundwater
Recharge) Demand

DEMAND TOTALS
2045
159,820
2030
143,630
2035
149,100
2025
138,090
2040
154,490
Water Supply Sufficiency

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 3-3
Table 3-2
Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison (AF) As shown in Table 3-2, anticipated groundwater supplies are sufficient to meet all demands through the year 2045 even under single-year drought conditions.

3.2.3 - FIVE CONSECUTIVE DRY-YEAR RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT Projected supplies were compared to the increased demands for five-consecutive dry-year scenarios and are presented in Table 3-3 (Table 7-3 in UWMP).

Table 7-2. Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison (DWR 7-3R) Groundwater
Surface Water - USBR 0 0 0 0 0
Surface Water - FID 45,852 45,852 45,852 45,852 45,852
Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 189,852 195,392 200,862 206,252 211,582
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
27,588 28.776 29,964 31,152 32,340
164,092 176,132 184,174 192,228 200,287
DIFFERENCE: 25,760 19,260 16,688 14,024 11,295
2025
138,090
2035
149,100
2045
159,820
2030
143,630
2040
154,490
Non-Potable (Groundwater
Recharge) Demand

DEMAND TOTALS
Water Supply Sufficiency

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 3-4
Table 3-3
Retail: Five Consecutive Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison (AF)

Table 7-3. Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison (DWR 7-4R) 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water - USBR 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 Surface Water-FID 99,725 99,725 99,725 99,725 99,725
Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 273,725 279,265 284,735 290,125 295,455
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable Demand 62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500
DEMAND TOTALS 199,204 212,756 222,310 231,876 241,447
DIFFERENCE: 74,521 66,509 62,425 58,249 54,008
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water - USBR 37,200 37,200 37,200 37,200 37,200 Surface Water - FID 93,426 93,426 93,426 93,426 93,426
Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 274,626 280,166 285,636 291,026 296,356
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable Demand 62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500
DEMAND TOTALS 199,204 212,756 222,310 231,876 241,447
DIFFERENCE: 75,422 67,410 63,326 59,150 54,909
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water-USBR 0 0 0 0 0
Surface Water - FID 73,568 73,568 73,568 73,568 73,568
Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 217,568 223,108 228,578 233,968 239,298
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable Demand 53,763 46,281 43,526 40,677 37761
DEMAND TOTALS 190,267 193,637 197,736 201,753 205,708
DIFFERENCE: 27,301 29,471 30,842 32,215 33,589
FIRST
YEAR
THIRD
YEAR
SECOND
YEAR
Water Supply Sufficiency

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 3-5
As shown in Table 3-3, anticipated groundwater supplies are sufficient to meet all demands through the year 2045 even under multiple-dry year drought conditions.

The long-term average day operational water demand will be for the residential users and is anticipated to be approximately 30.86 million gallons per year or 94.7 acre-feet per year for the total build out of the Project. This is based on each residential unit having an average day water demand of 693 gallons per day (based on the 198-gallon per capita/day average in the 2020 City of Fresno Urban Water Management Plan and 3.5 people per unit) across the entire buildout of 122 units for the Project.

The Project is within the City Sphere of Influence and growth within the Sphere of Influence is what the UWMP considered in growth from 2025 to 2045. The Project water demand is included in the projected increase in water demand of 42,243 MG from 2025 to 2045 (Table 3-3). The Project long-term operational water demand is 0.028% (94.7 AF/336,570 AF) of the available water supply in the city.

The tables and accompanying text indicate that the responsible water agency for the Project area has taken appropriate steps to assure that the total water supply for the service area will be adequate.
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149.100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water-USER 0 0 0 0 0
Surface Water - FID
FOURTH Recycled Water

YEAR SUPPLY TOTALS
Potable Demand
Non-Potable Demand

DEMAND TOTALS
DIFFERENCE:

Groundwater
Surface Water - USBR 45,000
Surface Water - FID

DEMAND TOTALS
DIFFERENCE:

FIFTH
YEAR
45,852
5,910
189,852
136,504
26,047
162,551
27,301
138,090
45,852
5,910
206,252
161,076
12,960
174,036
32,215
154,490
45,000
125,840
5,910
331,240
161,076
70,800
231,876
99,364
Potable Demand
Non-Potable Demand
125,840
5,910
314,840
136,504
62,700
199,204
115,636
45,852
5,910
195,392
147,356
18,564
165,920
29,471
143,630
45,000
125,840
5,910
320,380
147,356
65,400
212,756
107,624
45,852
5,910
200,862
154,210
15,810
170,020
30,842
149,100
45,000
125,840
5,910
325,850
154,210
68,100
222,310
103,540
45,852
5,910
211,582
167,947
10,045
177,992
33,589
159,820
45,000
125,840
5,910
336,570
167,947
73,500
241,447
95,123
Recycled Water

SUPPLY TOTALS
Water Supply Sufficiency

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 3-6

3.3 - Water Supply Management
The California Water Resources has defined the Kings Subbasin as “critically overdrafted”.

Overdraft occurs where the average annual amount of groundwater extraction exceeds the long-term average annual supply of water to the basin. Sustainable yield is defined as the amount of groundwater pumping that can occur while maintaining groundwater at sustainable levels and avoiding undesirable results. The NKGSA GSP estimates the sustainable yield of the Kings Subbasin at 1,140,000 acre-feet/year. This results in a shortfall of approximately -122,000 acre-feet/year for the entire subbasin (20,800 acre-feet/year initial responsibility for the North Kings GSA).

The NKGSA, along with the other GSAs in the Kings Basin, have determined the overdraft responsibility for each of the GSAs in the Subbasin by estimating their “groundwater impact,” which is essentially their groundwater pumping minus any natural and artificial forms of recharge.

According to the NKGSA’s GSP, there are several projects within the City of Fresno’s geographic area that may be implemented to offset a portion of the GSA’s groundwater extraction and eliminate long term overdraft of the Kings subbasin. According to the GSP, each project with be implemented either by the City of Fresno or the GSA. The projects will primarily help stabilize groundwater levels and increase the amount of groundwater in storage. Additionally, the projects can also provide groundwater quality benefits and/or reduce land subsidence. The GSP estimates that these projects would yield an estimated average annual volume of approximately 200,000 acre-feet/year if fully implemented as envisioned.

The Project is accounted for in the UWMP and the UWMP is in agreement with the NKGSA GSP. Because of this, the Project water demand is available from the groundwater in the area.

Conclusions

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 4-1
SECTION 4 - CONCLUSIONS
This Water Supply Assessment has provided the data and analysis needed to verify that a sufficient Project water supply is physically available (Section 3.1) by the end of 2025, and that the Project water supply is in accord with SB 610’s normal year/dry year/multiple dry year requirements, sufficient (Section 3.2).

It is recommended that the City of Fresno conclude that the proposed water supplies for the Project be found sufficient to meet the projected Project water demands.

References

Water Supply Assessment for Blossom View (VTTM 6502) January 2025 De Young Properties Page 5-1
SECTION 5 - REFERENCES
2003. Guidebook for Implementation of Senate Bill 610 and Senate Bill 221 of 2001. (online): http://www.water.ca.gov/pubs/use/sb_610_sb_221_guidebook/guidebook.pdf.

Accessed February 1, 2021
California Department of Water Resources (DWR). 2015. California’s Groundwater Bulletin 118.135 p.

City of Fresno, 2020 Urban Water Management Plan

APPENDIX A
CHAPTER 643, STATUTES OF 2001 (SENATE BILL 610)

Senate Bill No. 610
CHAPTER 643
An act to amend Section 21151.9 of the Public Resources Code, and to amend Sections 10631, 10656, 10910, 10911, 10912, and 10915 of, to repeal Section 10913 of, and to add and repeal Section 10657 of, the Water Code, relating to water. [ Filed with Secretary of State October 09, 2001.Approved by Governor October 09, 2001. ]

LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
SB 610, Costa. Water supply planning.
(1) Existing law requires every urban water supplier to identify, as part of its urban water management plan, the existing and planned sources of water available to the supplier over a prescribed 5-year period. Existing law prohibits an urban water supplier that fails to prepare or submit its urban water management plan to the Department of Water Resources from receiving drought assistance from the state until the plan is submitted.

This bill would require additional information to be included as part of an urban water management plan if groundwater is identified as a source of water available to the supplier. The bill would require an urban water supplier to include in the plan a description of all water supply projects and programs that may be undertaken to meet total projected water use. The bill would prohibit an urban water supplier that fails to prepare or submit the plan to the department from receiving funding made available from specified bond acts until the plan is submitted. The bill, until January 1, 2006, would require the department to take into consideration whether the urban water supplier has submitted an updated plan, as specified, in determining eligibility for funds made available pursuant to any program administered by the department.
(2) Existing law, under certain circumstances, requires a city or county that determines an environmental impact report is required in connection with a project, as defined, to request each public water system that may supply water for the project to assess, among other things, whether its total projected water supplies will meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project. Existing law requires the public water system to submit the assessment to the city or county not later than 30 days from the date on which the request was received and, in the absence of the submittal of an assessment, provides that it shall be assumed that the public water system has no information to submit. Existing law makes legislative findings and declarations concerning “Proposition C,” a measure approved by the voters of San Diego County relating to regional growth management, and provides that the procedures established by a specified review board established in connection with that measure are deemed to comply with the requirements described above relating to water supply planning by a city or county.

This bill would revise those provisions. The bill, instead, would require a city or county that determines a project is subject to the California Environmental Quality Act to identify any public water system that may supply water for the project and to request those public water systems to prepare a specified water supply assessment, except as otherwise specified. The bill would require the assessment to include, among other information, an identification of existing water supply entitlements, water rights, or water service contracts relevant to the identified water supply for the proposed project and water received in prior years pursuant to those entitlements, rights, and contracts. The bill would require the city or county, if it is not able to identify any public water system that may supply water for the project, to prepare the water supply assessment after a prescribed consultation. The bill would revise the definition of “project,” for the purposes of these provisions, and make related changes.

The bill would prescribe a timeframe within which a public water system is required to submit the assessment to the city or county and would authorize the city or county to seek a writ of mandamus to compel the public water system to comply with requirements relating to the submission of the assessment.

The bill would require the public water system, or the city or county, as applicable, if that entity concludes that water supplies are, or will be, insufficient, to submit the plans for acquiring additional water supplies.

The bill would require the city or county to include the water supply assessment and certain other information in any environmental document prepared for the project pursuant to the act. By establishing duties for counties and cities, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The bill would provide that the County of San Diego is deemed to comply with these water supply planning requirements if the Office of Planning and Research determines that certain requirements have been met in connection with the implementation of “Proposition C.” (3) The bill would incorporate additional changes in Section 10631 of the Water Code proposed by AB 901, to be operative only if this bill and AB 901 are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2002, each bill amends Section 10631 of the Water Code, and this bill is enacted last. (4) The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.

DIGEST KEY

BILL TEXT

THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS
FOLLOWS:

SECTION 1.
(a) The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:
(1) The length and severity of droughts in California cannot be predicted with any accuracy. (2) There are various factors that affect the ability to ensure that adequate water supplies are available to meet all of California’s water demands, now and in the future. (3) Because of these factors, it is not possible to guarantee a permanent water supply for all water users in California in the amounts requested.
(4) Therefore, it is critical that California’s water agencies carefully assess the reliability of their water supply and delivery systems.
(5) Furthermore, California’s overall water delivery system has become less reliable over the last 20 years because demand for water has continued to grow while new supplies have not been developed in amounts sufficient to meet the increased demand.
(6) There are a variety of measures for developing new water supplies including water reclamation, water conservation, conjunctive use, water transfers, seawater desalination, and surface water and groundwater storage.
(7) With increasing frequency, California’s water agencies are required to impose water rationing on their residential and business customers during this state’s frequent and severe periods of drought. (8) The identification and development of water supplies needed during multiple-year droughts is vital to California’s business climate, as well as to the health of the agricultural industry, environment, rural communities, and residents who continue to face the possibility of severe water cutbacks during water shortage periods.
(9) A recent study indicates that the water supply and land use planning linkage, established by Part

2.10 (commencing with Section 10910) of Division 6 of the Water Code, has not been implemented in a manner that ensures the appropriate level of communication between water agencies and planning agencies, and this act is intended to remedy that deficiency in communication. (b) It is the intent of the Legislature to strengthen the process pursuant to which local agencies determine the adequacy of existing and planned future water supplies to meet existing and planned future demands on those water supplies.

SEC. 2.

Section 21151.9 of the Public Resources Code is amended to read:
21151.9.

Whenever a city or county determines that a project, as defined in Section 10912 of the Water Code, is subject to this division, it shall comply with Part 2.10 (commencing with Section 10910) of Division 6 of the Water Code.

SEC. 3.

Section 10631 of the Water Code is amended to read:
10631.

A plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter and shall do all of the following:
(a) Describe the service area of the supplier, including current and projected population, climate, and other demographic factors affecting the supplier’s water management planning. The projected population estimates shall be based upon data from the state, regional, or local service agency population projections within the service area of the urban water supplier and shall be in five-year increments to 20 years or as far as data is available.
(b) Identify and quantify, to the extent practicable, the existing and planned sources of water available to the supplier over the same five-year increments as described in subdivision (a). If groundwater is identified as an existing or planned source of water available to the supplier, all of the following information shall be included in the plan:
(1) A copy of any groundwater management plan adopted by the urban water supplier, including plans adopted pursuant to Part 2.75 (commencing with Section 10750), or any other specific authorization for groundwater management.
(2) A description of any groundwater basin or basins from which the urban water supplier pumps groundwater. For those basins for which a court or the board has adjudicated the rights to pump groundwater, a copy of the order or decree adopted by the court or the board and a description of the amount of groundwater the urban water supplier has the legal right to pump under the order or decree. For basins that have not been adjudicated, information as to whether the department has identified the basin or basins as overdrafted or has projected that the basin will become overdrafted if present management conditions continue, in the most current official departmental bulletin that characterizes the condition of the groundwater basin, and a detailed description of the efforts being undertaken by the urban water supplier to eliminate the long-term overdraft condition. (3) A detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of groundwater pumped by the urban water supplier for the past five years. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use records. (4) A detailed description and analysis of the location, amount, and sufficiency of groundwater that is projected to be pumped by the urban water supplier. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use records. (c) Describe the reliability of the water supply and vulnerability to seasonal or climatic shortage, to the extent practicable, and provide data for each of the following:
(1) An average water year.
(2) A single dry water year.
(3) Multiple dry water years.

For any water source that may not be available at a consistent level of use, given specific legal, environmental, water quality, or climatic factors, describe plans to replace that source with alternative sources or water demand management measures, to the extent practicable. (d) Describe the opportunities for exchanges or transfers of water on a short-term or long-term basis. (e) (1) Quantify, to the extent records are available, past and current water use, over the same fiveyear increments described in subdivision (a), and projected water use, identifying the uses among water use sectors, including, but not necessarily limited to, all of the following uses:
(A) Single-family residential.
(B) Multifamily.
(C) Commercial.
(D) Industrial.
(E) Institutional and governmental.
(F) Landscape.
(G) Sales to other agencies.
(H) Saline water intrusion barriers, groundwater recharge, or conjunctive use, or any combination thereof.
(I) Agricultural.
(2) The water use projections shall be in the same five-year increments as described in subdivision (a).
(f) Provide a description of the supplier’s water demand management measures. This description shall include all of the following:
(1) A description of each water demand management measure that is currently being implemented, or scheduled for implementation, including the steps necessary to implement any proposed measures, including, but not limited to, all of the following:
(A) Water survey programs for single-family residential and multifamily residential customers. (B) Residential plumbing retrofit.
(C) System water audits, leak detection, and repair.
(D) Metering with commodity rates for all new connections and retrofit of existing connections. (E) Large landscape conservation programs and incentives. (F) High-efficiency washing machine rebate programs.
(G) Public information programs.
(H) School education programs.
(I) Conservation programs for commercial, industrial, and institutional accounts. (J) Wholesale agency programs.
(K) Conservation pricing.
(L) Water conservation coordinator.
(M) Water waste prohibition.
(N) Residential ultra-low-flush toilet replacement programs. (2) A schedule of implementation for all water demand management measures proposed or described in the plan.
(3) A description of the methods, if any, that the supplier will use to evaluate the effectiveness of water demand management measures implemented or described under the plan. (4) An estimate, if available, of existing conservation savings on water use within the supplier’s service area, and the effect of such savings on the supplier’s ability to further reduce demand. (g) An evaluation of each water demand management measure listed in paragraph (1) of subdivision (f) that is not currently being implemented or scheduled for implementation. In the course of the evaluation, first consideration shall be given to water demand management measures, or combination of measures, that offer lower incremental costs than expanded or additional water supplies. This evaluation shall do all of the following:
(1) Take into account economic and noneconomic factors, including environmental, social, health, customer impact, and technological factors.
(2) Include a cost-benefit analysis, identifying total benefits and total costs. (3) Include a description of funding available to implement any planned water supply project that would provide water at a higher unit cost.
(4) Include a description of the water supplier’s legal authority to implement the measure and efforts to work with other relevant agencies to ensure the implementation of the measure and to share the cost of implementation.
(h) Include a description of all water supply projects and water supply programs that may be undertaken by the urban water supplier to meet the total projected water use as established pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 10635. The urban water supplier shall include a detailed description of expected future projects and programs, other than the demand management programs identified pursuant to paragraph (1) of subdivision (f), that the urban water supplier may implement to increase the amount of the water supply available to the urban water supplier in average, single dry, and multiple dry water years. The description shall identify specific projects and include a description of the increase in water supply that is expected to be available from each project. The description shall include an estimate with regard to the implementation timeline for each project or program.
(i) Urban water suppliers that are members of the California Urban Water Conservation Council and submit annual reports to that council in accordance with the “Memorandum of Understanding Regarding Urban Water Conservation in California,” dated September 1991, may submit the annual reports identifying water demand management measures currently being implemented, or scheduled for implementation, to satisfy the requirements of subdivisions (f) and (g).

SEC. 3.5.

Section 10631 of the Water Code is amended to read:
10631.

A plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter and shall do all of the following:
(a) Describe the service area of the supplier, including current and projected population, climate, and other demographic factors affecting the supplier’s water management planning. The projected population estimates shall be based upon data from the state, regional, or local service agency population projections within the service area of the urban water supplier and shall be in five-year increments to 20 years or as far as data is available.
(b) Identify and quantify, to the extent practicable, the existing and planned sources of water available to the supplier over the same five-year increments as described in subdivision (a). If groundwater is identified as an existing or planned source of water available to the supplier, all of the following information shall be included in the plan:
(1) A copy of any groundwater management plan adopted by the urban water supplier, including plans adopted pursuant to Part 2.75 (commencing with Section 10750), or any other specific authorization for groundwater management.
(2) A description of any groundwater basin or basins from which the urban water supplier pumps groundwater. For those basins for which a court or the board has adjudicated the rights to pump groundwater, a copy of the order or decree adopted by the court or the board and a description of the amount of groundwater the urban water supplier has the legal right to pump under the order or decree. For basins that have not been adjudicated, information as to whether the department has identified the basin or basins as overdrafted or has projected that the basin will become overdrafted if present management conditions continue, in the most current official departmental bulletin that characterizes the condition of the groundwater basin, and a detailed description of the efforts being undertaken by the urban water supplier to eliminate the long-term overdraft condition. (3) A detailed description and analysis of the location, amount, and sufficiency of groundwater pumped by the urban water supplier for the past five years. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use records. (4) A detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of groundwater that is projected to be pumped by the urban water supplier. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use records. (c) Describe the reliability of the water supply and vulnerability to seasonal or climatic shortage, to the extent practicable, and provide data for each of the following:
(1) An average water year.
(2) A single dry water year.
(3) Multiple dry water years.

For any water source that may not be available at a consistent level of use, given specific legal, environmental, water quality, or climatic factors, describe plans to supplement or replace that source with alternative sources or water demand management measures, to the extent practicable. (d) Describe the opportunities for exchanges or transfers of water on a short-term or long-term basis. (e) (1) Quantify, to the extent records are available, past and current water use, over the same fiveyear increments described in subdivision (a), and projected water use, identifying the uses among water use sectors, including, but not necessarily limited to, all of the following uses:
(A) Single-family residential.
(B) Multifamily.
(C) Commercial.
(D) Industrial.
(E) Institutional and governmental.
(F) Landscape.
(G) Sales to other agencies.
(H) Saline water intrusion barriers, groundwater recharge, or conjunctive use, or any combination thereof.
(I) Agricultural.
(2) The water use projections shall be in the same five-year increments as described in subdivision (a).
(f) Provide a description of the supplier’s water demand management measures. This description shall include all of the following:
(1) A description of each water demand management measure that is currently being implemented, or scheduled for implementation, including the steps necessary to implement any proposed measures, including, but not limited to, all of the following:
(A) Water survey programs for single-family residential and multifamily residential customers. (B) Residential plumbing retrofit.
(C) System water audits, leak detection, and repair.
(D) Metering with commodity rates for all new connections and retrofit of existing connections. (E) Large landscape conservation programs and incentives. (F) High-efficiency washing machine rebate programs.
(G) Public information programs.
(H) School education programs.
(I) Conservation programs for commercial, industrial, and institutional accounts. (J) Wholesale agency programs.
(K) Conservation pricing.
(L) Water conservation coordinator.
(M) Water waste prohibition.
(N) Residential ultra-low-flush toilet replacement programs. (2) A schedule of implementation for all water demand management measures proposed or described in the plan.
(3) A description of the methods, if any, that the supplier will use to evaluate the effectiveness of water demand management measures implemented or described under the plan. (4) An estimate, if available, of existing conservation savings on water use within the supplier’s service area, and the effect of the savings on the supplier’s ability to further reduce demand. (g) An evaluation of each water demand management measure listed in paragraph (1) of subdivision (f) that is not currently being implemented or scheduled for implementation. In the course of the evaluation, first consideration shall be given to water demand management measures, or combination of measures, that offer lower incremental costs than expanded or additional water supplies. This evaluation shall do all of the following:
(1) Take into account economic and noneconomic factors, including environmental, social, health, customer impact, and technological factors.
(2) Include a cost-benefit analysis, identifying total benefits and total costs. (3) Include a description of funding available to implement any planned water supply project that would provide water at a higher unit cost.
(4) Include a description of the water supplier’s legal authority to implement the measure and efforts to work with other relevant agencies to ensure the implementation of the measure and to share the cost of implementation.
(h) Include a description of all water supply projects and water supply programs that may be undertaken by the urban water supplier to meet the total projected water use as established pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 10635. The urban water supplier shall include a detailed description of expected future projects and programs, other than the demand management programs identified pursuant to paragraph (1) of subdivision (f), that the urban water supplier may implement to increase the amount of the water supply available to the urban water supplier in average, single dry, and multiple dry water years. The description shall identify specific projects and include a description of the increase in water supply that is expected to be available from each project. The description shall include an estimate with regard to the implementation timeline for each project or program.
(i) Urban water suppliers that are members of the California Urban Water Conservation Council and submit annual reports to that council in accordance with the “Memorandum of Understanding Regarding Urban Water Conservation in California,” dated September 1991, may submit the annual reports identifying water demand management measures currently being implemented, or scheduled for implementation, to satisfy the requirements of subdivisions (f) and (g).

SEC. 4.

Section 10656 of the Water Code is amended to read:
10656.

An urban water supplier that does not prepare, adopt, and submit its urban water management plan to the department in accordance with this part, is ineligible to receive funding pursuant to Division 24 (commencing with Section 78500) or Division 26 (commencing with Section 79000), or receive drought assistance from the state until the urban water management plan is submitted pursuant to this article.

SEC. 4.3.

Section 10657 is added to the Water Code, to read:
10657.
(a) The department shall take into consideration whether the urban water supplier has submitted an updated urban water management plan that is consistent with Section 10631, as amended by the act that adds this section, in determining whether the urban water supplier is eligible for funds made available pursuant to any program administered by the department. (b) This section shall remain in effect only until January 1, 2006, and as of that date is repealed, unless a later enacted statute, that is enacted before January 1, 2006, deletes or extends that date.

SEC. 4.5.

Section 10910 of the Water Code is amended to read:
10910.
(a) Any city or county that determines that a project, as defined in Section 10912, is subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (Division 13 (commencing with Section 21000) of the Public Resources Code) under Section 21080 of the Public Resources Code shall comply with this part. (b) The city or county, at the time that it determines whether an environmental impact report, a negative declaration, or a mitigated negative declaration is required for any project subject to the California Environmental Quality Act pursuant to Section 21080.1 of the Public Resources Code, shall identify any water system that is, or may become as a result of supplying water to the project identified pursuant to this subdivision, a public water system, as defined in Section 10912, that may supply water for the project. If the city or county is not able to identify any public water system that may supply water for the project, the city or county shall prepare the water assessment required by this part after consulting with any entity serving domestic water supplies whose service area includes the project site, the local agency formation commission, and any public water system adjacent to the project site.
(c) (1) The city or county, at the time it makes the determination required under Section 21080.1 of the Public Resources Code, shall request each public water system identified pursuant to subdivision (b) to determine whether the projected water demand associated with a proposed project was included as part of the most recently adopted urban water management plan adopted pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610).
(2) If the projected water demand associated with the proposed project was accounted for in the most recently adopted urban water management plan, the public water system may incorporate the requested information from the urban water management plan in preparing the elements of the assessment required to comply with subdivisions (d), (e), (f), and (g). (3) If the projected water demand associated with the proposed project was not accounted for in the most recently adopted urban water management plan, or the public water system has no urban water management plan, the water supply assessment for the project shall include a discussion with regard to whether the public water system’s total projected water supplies available during normal, single dry, and multiple dry water years during a 20-year projection will meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project, in addition to the public water system’s existing and planned future uses, including agricultural and manufacturing uses. (4) If the city or county is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), the water supply assessment for the project shall include a discussion with regard to whether the total projected water supplies, determined to be available by the city or county for the project during normal, single dry, and multiple dry water years during a 20-year projection, will meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project, in addition to existing and planned future uses, including agricultural and manufacturing uses.
(d) (1) The assessment required by this section shall include an identification of any existing water supply entitlements, water rights, or water service contracts relevant to the identified water supply for the proposed project, and a description of the quantities of water received in prior years by the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), under the existing water supply entitlements, water rights, or water service contracts.
(2) An identification of existing water supply entitlements, water rights, or water service contracts held by the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), shall be demonstrated by providing information related to all of the following:
(A) Written contracts or other proof of entitlement to an identified water supply. (B) Copies of a capital outlay program for financing the delivery of a water supply that has been adopted by the public water system.
(C) Federal, state, and local permits for construction of necessary infrastructure associated with delivering the water supply.
(D) Any necessary regulatory approvals that are required in order to be able to convey or deliver the water supply.
(e) If no water has been received in prior years by the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), under the existing water supply entitlements, water rights, or water service contracts, the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), shall also include in its water supply assessment pursuant to subdivision (c), an identification of the other public water systems or water service contractholders that receive a water supply or have existing water supply entitlements, water rights, or water service contracts, to the same source of water as the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), has identified as a source of water supply within its water supply assessments. (f) If a water supply for a proposed project includes groundwater, the following additional information shall be included in the water supply assessment:
(1) A review of any information contained in the urban water management plan relevant to the identified water supply for the proposed project.
(2) A description of any groundwater basin or basins from which the proposed project will be supplied. For those basins for which a court or the board has adjudicated the rights to pump groundwater, a copy of the order or decree adopted by the court or the board and a description of the amount of groundwater the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), has the legal right to pump under the order or decree. For basins that have not been adjudicated, information as to whether the department has identified the basin or basins as overdrafted or has projected that the basin will become overdrafted if present management conditions continue, in the most current bulletin of the department that characterizes the condition of the groundwater basin, and a detailed description by the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), of the efforts being undertaken in the basin or basins to eliminate the long-term overdraft condition. (3) A detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of groundwater pumped by the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), for the past five years from any groundwater basin from which the proposed project will be supplied. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use records. (4) A detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of groundwater that is projected to be pumped by the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), from any basin from which the proposed project will be supplied. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use records.
(5) An analysis of the sufficiency of the groundwater from the basin or basins from which the proposed project will be supplied to meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project. A water supply assessment shall not be required to include the information required by this paragraph if the public water system determines, as part of the review required by paragraph (1), that the sufficiency of groundwater necessary to meet the initial and projected water demand associated with the project was addressed in the description and analysis required by paragraph (4) of subdivision (b) of Section 10631.
(g) (1) Subject to paragraph (2), the governing body of each public water system shall submit the assessment to the city or county not later than 90 days from the date on which the request was received. The governing body of each public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this act pursuant to subdivision (b), shall approve the assessment prepared pursuant to this section at a regular or special meeting.
(2) Prior to the expiration of the 90-day period, if the public water system intends to request an extension of time to prepare and adopt the assessment, the public water system shall meet with the city or county to request an extension of time, which shall not exceed 30 days, to prepare and adopt the assessment.
(3) If the public water system fails to request an extension of time, or fails to submit the assessment notwithstanding the extension of time granted pursuant to paragraph (2), the city or county may seek a writ of mandamus to compel the governing body of the public water system to comply with the requirements of this part relating to the submission of the water supply assessment. (h) Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, if a project has been the subject of a water supply assessment that complies with the requirements of this part, no additional water supply assessment shall be required for subsequent projects that were part of a larger project for which a water supply assessment was completed and that has complied with the requirements of this part and for which the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), has concluded that its water supplies are sufficient to meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed project, in addition to the existing and planned future uses, including, but not limited to, agricultural and industrial uses, unless one or more of the following changes occurs:
(1) Changes in the project that result in a substantial increase in water demand for the project. (2) Changes in the circumstances or conditions substantially affecting the ability of the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), to provide a sufficient supply of water for the project. (3) Significant new information becomes available which was not known and could not have been known at the time when the assessment was prepared.

SEC. 5.

Section 10911 of the Water Code is amended to read:
10911.
(a) If, as a result of its assessment, the public water system concludes that its water supplies are, or will be, insufficient, the public water system shall provide to the city or county its plans for acquiring additional water supplies, setting forth the measures that are being undertaken to acquire and develop those water supplies. If the city or county, if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), concludes as a result of its assessment, that water supplies are, or will be, insufficient, the city or county shall include in its water supply assessment its plans for acquiring additional water supplies, setting forth the measures that are being undertaken to acquire and develop those water supplies. Those plans may include, but are not limited to, information concerning all of the following:
(1) The estimated total costs, and the proposed method of financing the costs, associated with acquiring the additional water supplies.
(2) All federal, state, and local permits, approvals, or entitlements that are anticipated to be required in order to acquire and develop the additional water supplies. (3) Based on the considerations set forth in paragraphs (1) and (2), the estimated timeframes within which the public water system, or the city or county if either is required to comply with this part pursuant to subdivision (b), expects to be able to acquire additional water supplies. (b) The city or county shall include the water supply assessment provided pursuant to Section 10910, and any information provided pursuant to subdivision (a), in any environmental document prepared for the project pursuant to Division 13 (commencing with Section 21000) of the Public Resources Code.
(c) The city or county may include in any environmental document an evaluation of any information included in that environmental document provided pursuant to subdivision (b). The city or county shall determine, based on the entire record, whether projected water supplies will be sufficient to satisfy the demands of the project, in addition to existing and planned future uses. If the city or county determines that water supplies will not be sufficient, the city or county shall include that determination in its findings for the project.

SEC. 6.

Section 10912 of the Water Code is amended to read:
10912.

For the purposes of this part, the following terms have the following meanings:
(a) “Project” means any of the following:
(1) A proposed residential development of more than 500 dwelling units. (2) A proposed shopping center or business establishment employing more than 1,000 persons or having more than 500,000 square feet of floor space.
(3) A proposed commercial office building employing more than 1,000 persons or having more than 250,000 square feet of floor space.
(4) A proposed hotel or motel, or both, having more than 500 rooms. (5) A proposed industrial, manufacturing, or processing plant, or industrial park planned to house more than 1,000 persons, occupying more than 40 acres of land, or having more than 650,000 square feet of floor area.
(6) A mixed-use project that includes one or more of the projects specified in this subdivision. (7) A project that would demand an amount of water equivalent to, or greater than, the amount of water required by a 500 dwelling unit project.
(b) If a public water system has fewer than 5,000 service connections, then “project” means any proposed residential, business, commercial, hotel or motel, or industrial development that would account for an increase of 10 percent or more in the number of the public water system’s existing service connections, or a mixed-use project that would demand an amount of water equivalent to, or greater than, the amount of water required by residential development that would represent an increase of 10 percent or more in the number of the public water system’s existing service connections.
(c) “Public water system” means a system for the provision of piped water to the public for human consumption that has 3000 or more service connections. A public water system includes all of the following:
(1) Any collection, treatment, storage, and distribution facility under control of the operator of the system which is used primarily in connection with the system. (2) Any collection or pretreatment storage facility not under the control of the operator that is used primarily in connection with the system.
(3) Any person who treats water on behalf of one or more public water systems for the purpose of rendering it safe for human consumption.

SEC. 7.

Section 10913 of the Water Code is repealed.

SEC. 8.

Section 10915 of the Water Code is amended to read:
10915.

The County of San Diego is deemed to comply with this part if the Office of Planning and Research determines that all of the following conditions have been met:
(a) Proposition C, as approved by the voters of the County of San Diego in November 1988, requires the development of a regional growth management plan and directs the establishment of a regional planning and growth management review board.
(b) The County of San Diego and the cities in the county, by agreement, designate the San Diego Association of Governments as that review board.
(c) A regional growth management strategy that provides for a comprehensive regional strategy and a coordinated economic development and growth management program has been developed pursuant to Proposition C.
(d) The regional growth management strategy includes a water element to coordinate planning for water that is consistent with the requirements of this part. (e) The San Diego County Water Authority, by agreement with the San Diego Association of Governments in its capacity as the review board, uses the association’s most recent regional growth forecasts for planning purposes and to implement the water element of the strategy. (f) The procedures established by the review board for the development and approval of the regional growth management strategy, including the water element and any certification process established to ensure that a project is consistent with that element, comply with the requirements of this part. (g) The environmental documents for a project located in the County of San Diego include information that accomplishes the same purposes as a water supply assessment that is prepared pursuant to Section 10910.

SEC. 9.

Section 3.5 of this bill incorporates amendments to Section 10631 of the Water Code proposed by both this bill and AB 901. It shall only become operative if (1) both bills are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2002, (2) each bill amends Section 10631 of the Water Code, and (3) this bill is enacted after AB 901, in which case Section 3 of this bill shall not become operative.

SEC. 10.

No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution because a local agency or school district has the authority to levy service charges, fees, or assessments sufficient to pay for the program or level of service mandated by this act, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code.

APPENDIX B
2020 CITY OF FRESNO, URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
2020 Urban Water
Management Plan
Final
JULY 2021 CITY OF FRESNO
Photo Credit: Downtown Fresno Partnership
City of
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Department of Public Utilities

CITY OF FRESNO
Final
2020 Urban Water
Management Plan
JULY 2021
Prepared by Water Systems Consulting, Inc.

City of
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Department of Public Utilities
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The 2020 Urban Water Management Plan prepared by Water Systems Consulting, Inc.

The primary authors are listed below.

Jeff Szytel, PE
Rob Morrow, PE
Heather Freed, PE
Lauren Cetin, EIT
Michael Cruikshank, PG, CHG
Spencer Waterman
Water Systems Consulting, Inc. would like to acknowledge the significant contributions of the City of Fresno, including the following staff.

Director of Public Utilities Michael Carbajal
Utilities Planning & Engineering Division
Assistant Director Brock Buche, PE, PLS
Supervising Professional Engineer Glenn Knapp, PE
Professional Engineer Peter Maraccini, PE
Water Division
Assistant Director Bud Tickel
Water System Manager Chris Carroll
Water System Manager Russell Guilliams
Business Manager Henry McLaughlin
Water Conservation Supervisor Conrad Braganza
Wastewater Division
Wastewater Manager Rosa Staggs
Operations Supervisor Cory Asher
Reclamation Coordinator Setrag Cherchian
IUSC
City of
■ ■ l==s”i 5*
Department of Public Utilities
City of Fresno
July 2021 i
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary......................................................................................................1-1

1. Introduction ..............................................................................................................1-1

1.1 The California Water Code.................................................................................1-2

1.2 UWMP Organization...........................................................................................1-3

1.3 UWMPs in Relation to Other Efforts ...................................................................1-4

1.4 Demonstration of Consistency with the Delta Plan.............................................1-4

2. Plan Preparation.......................................................................................................2-1

2.1 Coordination and Outreach ................................................................................2-2

3. System Description ..................................................................................................3-1

3.1 Service Area.......................................................................................................3-3

3.1.1 Land Uses within Service Area ...................................................................3-3

3.1.2 Water System..............................................................................................3-4

3.2 Service Area Climate..........................................................................................3-7

3.3 Service Area Population and Demographics......................................................3-8

3.3.1 Other Social, Economic, and Demographic Factors..................................3-10

4. Water Use Characterization .....................................................................................4-1

4.1 Non-Potable Versus Potable Water Use ............................................................4-2

4.2 Past, Current, and Projected Water Use by Sector ............................................4-2

4.2.1 Water Use Sectors ......................................................................................4-2

4.2.2 Distribution System Water Losses ..............................................................4-3

4.2.3 Past and Current Water Use .......................................................................4-4

4.2.4 Projected Water Use...................................................................................4-6

4.2.5 Characteristic Five-Year Water Use..........................................................4-11

4.3 Water Use for Lower Income Households........................................................4-11

4.4 Climate Change Considerations.......................................................................4-13

5. SBX7-7 Baseline, Targets and 2020 Compliance ....................................................5-1

5.1 General Requirements for Baseline and Target .................................................5-2

5.2 Service Area Population.....................................................................................5-2

5.3 Gross Water Use................................................................................................5-3

5.4 Baselines and Target Summary .........................................................................5-3

5.5 2020 Compliance Daily Per-Capita Water Use (GPCD).....................................5-3

5.5.1 Meeting the 2020 Target .............................................................................5-3 City of Fresno
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5.5.2 2020 Adjustments to 2020 Gross Water Use ..............................................5-4

6. Water Supply Characterization.................................................................................6-1

6.1 Groundwater.......................................................................................................6-2

6.1.1 Basin Description ........................................................................................6-2

6.1.2 Groundwater Management .........................................................................6-5

6.1.3 Overdraft Conditions ...................................................................................6-7

6.1.4 Groundwater Quality ...................................................................................6-8

6.1.5 Estimated Groundwater Yield ...................................................................6-11

6.1.6 Historic Groundwater Pumping .................................................................6-13

6.2 Surface Water ..................................................................................................6-13

6.2.1 USBR Friant Division Contract Supply ......................................................6-13

6.2.2 Fresno Irrigation District Supply ................................................................6-16

6.3 Stormwater.......................................................................................................6-17

6.4 Wastewater and Recycled Water .....................................................................6-18

6.4.1 Recycled Water Coordination ...................................................................6-18

6.4.2 Wastewater Collection, Treatment, and Disposal......................................6-19

6.4.3 Recycled Water System Description.........................................................6-20

6.4.4 Potential, Current, and Projected Recycled Water Uses...........................6-22

6.4.5 Actions to Encourage and Optimize Future Recycled Water Use ............6-25

6.5 Desalinated Water Opportunities......................................................................6-25

6.6 Water Exchanges and Transfers......................................................................6-25

6.6.1 Exchanges and Transfer Opportunities.....................................................6-25

6.6.2 Emergency Interties ..................................................................................6-27

6.7 Future Water Projects ......................................................................................6-27

6.7.1 Expand Recycled Water Distribution System............................................6-27

6.7.2 Expand Groundwater Recharge Capacity.................................................6-27

6.7.3 Expand Surface Water Treatment Capacity..............................................6-28

6.7.4 Beneficial Transfers and Exchanges.........................................................6-28

6.8 Summary of Existing and Planned Sources of Water.......................................6-28

6.8.1 Supply Management .................................................................................6-28

6.8.2 Special Conditions ....................................................................................6-29

6.9 Energy Intensity................................................................................................6-30

7. Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessment .........................................7-1

7.1 Water Service Reliability Assessment ................................................................7-2

7.1.1 Constraints on Water Sources ....................................................................7-2

7.1.2 Description of Management Tools and Options ..........................................7-3

7.1.3 Year Type Characterization ........................................................................7-3 City of Fresno
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7.1.4 Water Service Reliability .............................................................................7-5

7.2 Drought Risk Assessment ..................................................................................7-7

8. Water Shortage Contingency Plan ...........................................................................8-1

9. Demand Management Measures .............................................................................9-1

9.1 Demand Management Measures for Retail........................................................9-2

9.1.1 Water Waste Prevention Ordinances ..........................................................9-2

9.1.2 Metering ......................................................................................................9-2

9.1.3 Conservation Pricing...................................................................................9-3

9.1.4 Public Education and Outreach...................................................................9-4

9.1.5 Programs to Assess and Manage Distribution System Real Loss...............9-6

9.1.6 Other Demand Management Measures ......................................................9-6

9.2 Implementation to Achieve Water Use Targets ..................................................9-6

9.3 Water Use Objectives (Future Requirements)....................................................9-7

10. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation.....................................................10-1

10.1 Notice of Public Hearing.................................................................................10-2

10.2 Public Hearing and Adoption..........................................................................10-2

10.3 Plan Submittal ................................................................................................10-2

10.4 Public Availability............................................................................................10-2

11. References...........................................................................................................11-1 Appendix A 2020 UWMP Checklist ................................................................................ A Appendix B DWR Standardized Tables.......................................................................... B Appendix C SBx7-7 Tables and Verification Form.......................................................... C Appendix D City of Fresno’s Reduce Delta Reliance Reporting ..................................... D Appendix E AWWA Water Audits ................................................................................... E Appendix F DWR Population Tool Output .......................................................................F Appendix G North Kings Subbasin Groundwater Sustainability...................................... G Appendix H City of Fresno’s Central Valley Project Contract ......................................... H Appendix I City of Fresno and Fresno Irrigation District Agreements ...............................I Appendix J Water Shortage Contingency Plan................................................................ J Appendix K Outreach Events.......................................................................................... K Appendix L Notification Letters ........................................................................................L Appendix M Adopting Resolutions..................................................................................M City of Fresno
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure ES-1. City of Fresno Demand Projections ......................................................ES-4 Figure ES-2. Projected Water Supplies .....................................................................ES-7 Figure ES-3. Normal Year Supply vs. Demand .........................................................ES-9 Figure ES-4. Single Dry Year Supply vs. Demand ....................................................ES-9 Figure ES-5. Multiple Dry Years Supply vs. Demand ................................................ES-9 Figure ES-6. City Service Area................................................................................ES-12 Figure 1-1. Previous and Ongoing Water Resources Planning Efforts .........................1-5 Figure 3-1. City Service Area........................................................................................3-5 Figure 3-2. Water System.............................................................................................3-6 Figure 3-3. City of Fresno and Water Service Area Historic Population .......................3-9 Figure 4-1. Historical Consumption by Customer Type (2013–2020)...........................4-4 Figure 4-2. Historic Recharge of City Surface Water....................................................4-6 Figure 4-3. Existing and Projected Land Use ...............................................................4-8 Figure 6-1. Kings Subbasin ..........................................................................................6-3 Figure 6-2. Kings Groundwater Subbasin Conceptual Hydrogeologic Cross-Section, Southwest-Northeast ....................................................................................................6-4 Figure 6-3. Well Specific Capacity................................................................................6-6 Figure 6-4. Time Series of Groundwater Levels at Representative Wells ....................6-8 Figure 6-5. Regional Groundwater Recharge System ..................................................6-9 Figure 6-6. Regional Groundwater Contamination .....................................................6-10 Figure 6-7. Historic Groundwater Production..............................................................6-13 Figure 6-8. USBR Deliveries to City Since 2007.........................................................6-15 Figure 6-9.Southwest Recycled Water System ..........................................................6-23 Figure 6-10. Historical RWRF Groundwater Exchange Deliveries..............................6-26 City of Fresno
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LIST OF TABLES
Table ES-1. Existing and Future Water Service Area................................................ES-3 Table ES-2. Five-Year Drought Risk Assessment ...................................................ES-10 Table 2-1. Agency Coordination and Outreach.............................................................2-2 Table 3-1. Current Service Area Characteristics ..........................................................3-4 Table 3-2. Average Climate Characteristics .................................................................3-7 Table 3-3. Current and Projected Population (DWR 3-1R).........................................3-10 Table 4-1. DWR 4-4R 12 Month Water Loss Audit Reporting.......................................4-4 Table 4-2. Actual Demands for Water: Potable (DWR 4-1R)........................................4-5 Table 4-3. Existing and Future Water Service Area Acreage .......................................4-7 Table 4-4. Passive Conservation Savings Assumptions...............................................4-9 Table 4-5. Projected Future Savings for Potable Demands, AF ...................................4-9 Table 4-6. Projected Demands for Water: Potable (DWR 4-2R).................................4-10 Table 4-7. Projected Demands for Water: Non-Potable (DWR 4-2R).........................4-10 Table 4-8. Lower Income Dwelling Units and Acres to be Developed through 2023 and Estimated Water Demand...........................................................................................4-12 Table 4-9. Lower Income Household Projected Water Demands ...............................4-12 Table 5-1. Per Capita Water Use Baseline and 2020 Target........................................5-3 Table 6-1. Components to Groundwater Yield for Normal Years................................6-12 Table 6-2. Available USBR Simulated Allocation (1922–2003) ..................................6-15 Table 6-3. FID Diversions by Water Year Type (1964 to 2019)..................................6-17 Table 6-4. Projected FID Kings River Allocation for City, Normal Years.....................6-17 Table 6-5. Historic Recycled Water Used Within Service Area...................................6-22 Table 6-6. Recycled Water within Service Area in 2020 (DWR 6-4R) ........................6-24 Table 6-7. Actual Water Supplies (DWR 6-8R)...........................................................6-28 Table 6-8. Projected Water Supplies (DWR 6-9R) .....................................................6-29 Table 6-9. Water System Energy Intensity in 2020.....................................................6-30 Table 7-1. Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison (DWR 7-2R)......................7-5 Table 7-2. Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison (DWR 7-3R) .................7-5 Table 7-3. Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison (DWR 7-4R).............7-6 Table 7-4. Five-Year Drought Risk Assessment...........................................................7-8 Table 9-1. Current Water Rate Structure......................................................................9-3 Table 9-2. Interior and Exterior Surveys .......................................................................9-5 Table 9-3. Rebate Program Results (2015–2020)........................................................9-5 City of Fresno
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ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS
°F degrees Fahrenheit
1,2,3-TCP 1,2,3-trichloropropane
AF acre-feet
AFY acre-feet per year
AMI advanced metering infrastructure
AWE Alliance for Water Efficiency
AWWA American Water Works Association
BP04 Booster Pump 4
CII Commercial, Institutional, and Industrial
CIMIS California Irrigation Management Information System City City of Fresno
COG Council of Governments
CPC California Plumbing Code
CSUF California State University Fresno
CVP Central Valley Project
CVPIA Central Valley Project Improvement Act
CVWAC Central Valley Water Awareness Committee
CWC California Water Code
CY Calendar Year
DBCP 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane
DMM Demand Management Measures
DDW Department of Drinking Water
DPU Department of Public Utilities
DRA Drought Risk Assessment
DWR Department of Water Resources
EDB ethylene dibromide or 1,2-dibromoethane
ETo Evapotranspiration
FID Fresno Irrigation District
FMFCD Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District
GIS Geographic Information System
GPCD gallons per capita per day
GSA Groundwater Sustainability Agency
City of Fresno
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GSP Groundwater Sustainability Plan
HCF hundred cubic feet
IGSM Integrated Groundwater and Surface Water Model
Metro Plan Fresno Metropolitan Water Resource Management Plan mgd million gallons per day
NESWTF Northeast Surface Water Treatment Facility
NFWRF North Fresno Wastewater Reclamation Facility
NKGSP North Kings Groundwater Sustainability Plan
NRDC Natural Resources Defense Council
PCE perchloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene
PEIR Programmatic Environmental Impact Report
PFAS per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
PFOA
PFOS
perfluorooctanoic acid
perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
RHNA Regional Housing Needs Allocation
RWMP Recycled Water Master Plan
RWRF Regional Wastewater Reclamation Facility
SB Senate Bill
SBx7-7 Senate Bill x 7-7
SESWTF Southeast Surface Water Treatment Facility
SGMA Sustainable Groundwater Management Act
SOI Sphere of Influence
sq mi square miles
SWTF Surface Water Treatment Facility
T-3 SWTF T-3 Water Storage and Modular Surface Water Treatment Facility TCE trichloroethylene
TDS total dissolved solids
TTDF Tertiary Treatment and Disinfection Facility
USBR United States Bureau of Reclamation
UV ultraviolet
UWMP Urban Water Management Plan
UWMP Act Urban Water Management Planning Act
WSCP Water Shortage Contingency Plan
WSIP Water Storage Investment Program
WY Water Year

CITY OF FRESNO
Executive
Summary
This section summarizes the 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) for the City of Fresno (City). It provides a lay description of the 2020 UWMP in a manner that is accessible to non-technical readers. This summary describes the fundamental purposes of the UWMP, including water service reliability, future challenges, and strategies for managing water reliability risks.

UWMPs are updated every five years and outline each
suppliers’ long-term water resource planning to ensure
there is enough water to meet both existing and future
demands. They set the roadmap for how the City will use water over the coming years.

The original Fresno water system began operations in 1876 as a non-profit organization established by a group of
public-minded citizens. Today, the City covers
approximately 115 square miles (sq mi) (73,500 acres)
consisting largely of single-family residential, commercial, public, and industrial development. The City’s General Plan projects buildout of the 106,000 acres planning area in 2056. This UWMP addresses the City’s water service
reliability, future challenges, and strategies for managing risks to water reliability through 2045. The City’s Fresno Metropolitan Water Resource Management Plan (Metro
Plan), which is currently being prepared, addresses a 50- year horizon – through 2070.

IN THIS SECTION
• Service Area
Description
• Water Use
• Water Sources
• Water Supply
Reliability
ES-1
Purpose and Organization of the Plan
This plan comprises the 2020 UWMP for the City, as required by the California Urban Water Management Planning Act, which requires all urban water suppliers with more than 3,000 connections or distributing more than 3,000 acre-feet per year (AFY) to complete an UWMP every five years. As of the close of the 2020 calendar year, the City has over 139,500 residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional water service connections and produced nearly 122,000 acre-feet (AF) of water. As a result, the City is required to prepare and adopt an UWMP and submit it to the Department of Water Resources (DWR) by the July 1, 2021, due date.

Requirements for the UWMP include:
• Assessment of current and projected water supplies
• Evaluation of demand and customer types
• Evaluation of the reliability of water supplies
• Description of conservation measures implemented by the urban water supplier • Response plan, in the event of a water shortage
• Comparison of demand and supply projections
The UWMP is a valuable planning document used for multiple purposes:
• Serves as a valuable resource to the community and other interested parties regarding water supply and demand, conservation, and water related information • Meets a statutory requirement of the California Water Code (CWC) • Provides a key source of information for water supply assessments and written verifications of water supply
• Supports regional long-range planning, including City and County General Plans • Provides a standardized methodology for water utilities to assess their water resource needs and availability
• Provides a resource for regional involvement in the California Water Plan • Provides for a plan during water drought situations
Outreach and Engagement
The City has coordinated the preparation of its 2020 UWMP with its water suppliers, Fresno County, the City of Clovis, nearby water agencies, and community members to develop a UWMP that adheres to the requirements of the CWC and plans for a resilient water future. In total, the City has coordinated preparation of the 2020 UWMP and solicited participation and comments with the following agencies:
• Bakman Water Company
• City of Clovis
• County of Fresno
• Fresno Irrigation District
• Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control
District
• Friant Water Authority
• Garfield Water District
• Malaga County Water District
• Pinedale County Water District
• North Kings Groundwater
Sustainability Agency
• US Bureau of Reclamation
Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-2
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Service Area Description
The City’s General Plan planning area covers approximately 106,000 acres comprised of approximately 73,500 acres of incorporated land and 32,500 acres of unincorporated land. The City’s water service area covers 70,400 acres consisting largely of single-family residential, commercial, public, and industrial development, shown in Figure ES-6 (located at the end of the Executive Summary). The service area excludes areas served by the Bakman Water Company, Pinedale County Water District, Park Van Ness Mutual Water Company, California State University Fresno, and private groundwater users located within Fresno County islands. The City will eventually serve out to the Sphere of Influence (SOI) boundary adopted in the 2014 General Plan and includes all lands planned to be annexed by the City at the projected 2056 buildout of the General Plan, summarized in Table ES-1.

Table ES-1. Existing and Future Water Service Area

LAND USE CATEGORY
2020 WATER

SERVICE AREA
2056 WATER

SERVICE AREA

ACRES PERCENT ACRES PERCENT
Single-Family Residential 27,700 39.3% 40,000 47.4%
Multifamily Residential 3,700 5.3% 3,800 4.5%
Commercial 4,500 6.4% 8,600 10.2%
Public Facility 5,600 8.0% 7,200 8.5%
Industrial 4,500 6.4% 9,300 11.0%
Open Space/ Landscape Irrigation 13,100 18.6% 11,000 13.0% Mixed Use 0 0% 3,900 4.6%
Downtown 0 0% 600 0.7%
Vacant / Partially Vacant 11,300 15.9% 0 0%
TOTAL 70,400 100% 84,400 100%
Note: Acreage from City GIS Shapefile of Land Uses and aligns with the General Plan for buildout in year 2056.

Population Projections
The City experienced rapid growth since it was founded by the Central Pacific Railroad in 1872 up through the mid-1990s, when the City’s annual growth rate was typically greater than 2%.

From 1995 to 2015, the annual growth rate has decreased to an average of 1.3%, and since 2015, the rate has not surpassed 1.0%. Achieving General Plan buildout population estimates requires an average annual growth rate of 1.44% from 2020 to 2056. The City’s water service area population is anticipated to continue to grow along with the City, with some slightly higher growth years anticipated in the next 10 years due to multiple large developments planned for completion in the near term. As a result, population growth, shown in Figure ES-1 on the following page, occurs at an annual rate of ranging from 1.1–2.1% between 2020 and 2056.

Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-3
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-4
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Water Use
Water consumption in the City is characterized by the typical demand sectors of residential, commercial, institutional, industrial, and irrigational. The difference between production and consumption is losses, which may be attributed to system leaks, meter inaccuracies, fire flows, theft, unmetered use, or other factors.

As shown in Figure ES-1, the City’s water demand has decreased even as the City has grown over the past several decades, and demands are projected to grow slower than population growth. This trend is captured by the City’s daily per capita water use, measured as gallons per capita per day (GPCD). For 2020, the City’s water use averaged 198 GPCD based on 121,993 AF of water production and a service area population of 550,217. The City is far below its 2020 daily per capita water use target of 247 GPCD due to the extensive conservation efforts implemented by the City in the past decade.

The City also diverts raw surface water obtained from the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) and the Fresno Irrigation District (FID) to recharge basins throughout the service area.

The City coordinates with FID for the delivery of the recharge water, utilizing FID’s existing system of channels and pipelines to covey the raw water, and with Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District (FMFCD) to deliver water to FMFCD’s stormwater retention and recharge basins or the City’s own recharge basins. The raw surface water recharges the groundwater basin to sustain the groundwater supply for the City. The groundwater recharge volume can vary based on surface water supply availability and is represented as an addition to annual groundwater supplies. In addition, the City serves a limited number of customers secondary treated or tertiary treated and disinfected recycled water for agricultural irrigation or landscape irrigation, respectively.

Figure ES-1. City of Fresno Demand Projections
269
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203198 195 188
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199019952000200520102015202020252030203520402045
GPCD
AFY or Population
Potable Demand Population GPCD
Actual — Projections
Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-5
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
The City’s per capita water usage is projected to continue to decline through 2045 due to more water efficiency in future construction and passive conservation; however, due to the increase in population the demand is expected to slowly increase in the next 25 years. The potable demand projections for normal water use are based on land use where future land use areas are expected to be more water efficient than existing land uses and buildings due to the California Plumbing Code (CPC) and use of higher efficiency appliances and landscapes.

Demand for existing land uses is also expected to slowly reduce over time due to passive conservation, which includes the replacement of older water fixtures and appliances with more efficient types now required as part of the CPC.

Water Sources
The City relies on groundwater from the North Kings Subbasin; surface water from Central Valley Project (CVP), through a contract with the USBR; Kings River water, through a contract with FID; and recycled water. Water production in the City has consisted of 100% groundwater prior to the commissioning of the City’s first surface water treatment facility (SWTF) in 2004. Since 2004, the City has invested in expanding its surface water treatment capabilities and now has three SWTFs that provide approximately half of all potable water demands in the service area.

Groundwater
The City overlies the Kings Subbasin, which is part of the greater San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin. The City is one of many water purveyors that use groundwater from the Kings Subbasin. The City has a network of over 270 municipal wells and currently operates approximately 202 municipal supply wells within the Kings Subbasin.

The City was a founding member of the North Kings Groundwater Sustainability Agency (North Kings GSA), which was formed following passage of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) of 2014. This legislation created a statutory framework for groundwater management in California that can be sustained during the planning and implementation horizon without causing undesirable results. SGMA requires governments and water agencies of “critically overdrafted” basins to reach sustainability by 2040. The Kings Subbasin was designated a critically overdrafted basin by DWR and the North Kings GSA is working within the SGMA framework to reach groundwater sustainability.

Due to the City’s investments in other supplies – surface water, recycled water, and conservation – groundwater levels beneath the City have already begun to recover from low levels experienced during the recent drought. The City plans to continue to use groundwater within a larger conjunctive use program that maximizes its existing water rights and surface water supply sources.

Surface Water
With the completion and operation of the Southeast Surface Water Treatment Facility (SESWTF), surface water is now a primary water supply used to meet potable demands within the City. The City contracts with FID for Kings River water and with USBR for CVP water from the Friant-Kern Canal. The surface water supply is used either for potable uses through treatment and distribution or delivery to recharge basins for groundwater recharge. The City has historically not used all its available FID allocation in any given year, although it pays a flat rate for its total allocation regardless of use. Water unused by the City is reallocated by FID to its other customers.

Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-6
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
The City, through an agreement originally executed in 1961, secured a surface water supply from USBR CVP Friant Division for an annual water supply of 60,000 AF of Class 1 water. The agreement was last renewed in 2010 as a Section 9(d) contract that provides water from the San Joaquin River in perpetuity. Class 1 water has historically been very reliable until the 2006 San Joaquin River Restoration Settlement Agreement, which ended an 18-year legal dispute over the operation of Friant Dam brought by a coalition of conservation and fishing groups. The projected surface water available for the City from USBR is based on USBR simulations for the 2006 Settlement Agreement. Average simulated delivery is 53,680 AFY and the median simulated delivery is 60,000 AFY. However, very dry years have previously resulted in substantial reductions as demonstrated by the zero allocations that occurred in 2014 and 2015.

FID is one of 28 agencies that receives an entitlement of water from the Kings River through the Kings River Water Association. The City executed its most recent agreement with FID in 2016.

The 2016 agreement identifies the City’s contracted percentage of FID’s Kings River water based on the City’s water service area located within FID service area as a percentage of the FID land area. FID land area varies slightly every year because it is dependent on the acreage receiving water deliveries for that year rather than the total acreage within FID, and is roughly 200,000 acres. As the City incorporates new users and the water service area expands, the percentage of FID supply increases. However, the 2016 FID Agreement sets the City’s maximum percentage of FID’s Kings River water as 29.0%, which is expected to be reached between 2025 and 2030.

The City’s potential supply from FID was projected using actual Kings River deliveries for 1964– 2019. The average FID Kings River delivery over that time was 452,541 AF, which equates to an average potential City supply of 131,237 AF, assuming the maximum 29.0% City supply percentage. The projected City percentage of FID supplies was estimated based on City’s water service area growth projections through buildout in 2056.

Recycled Water
The Fresno-Clovis Regional Wastewater Reclamation Facility (RWRF) has developed from what was once a sewer farm to what is now a state-of-the-art wastewater treatment facility. The RWRF treats flows from not only the City, but also sewered County areas (some county areas remain unsewered), the City of Clovis, Pinedale County Water District, and Pinedale Public Utility District. Flows received at this facility peaked at 81,100 AF in 2006 and have been steadily decreasing since, with the average influent flow about 63,000 AF over the last five years.

The City has three primary means of effluent disposal from the RWRF:

1. Undisinfected secondary effluent to on-site and off-site farmland for restricted irrigation

2. Undisinfected secondary effluent to percolation ponds

3. Disinfected tertiary effluent to the recycled water distribution system The percolated effluent has been deemed equivalent to tertiary treated water by the State and the City has been extracting this water for reuse in areas within and surrounding the RWRF, as well as to FID’s canals, through an exchange agreement for delivery to FID agricultural customers. The City recently constructed the Tertiary Treatment and Disinfection Facility (TTDF) at the RWRF and has constructed most of the southwest recycled water system, which is projected to increase deliveries from roughly 1,000 AFY today to eventually meet 5,800 AFY of non-potable demands. In addition, the City uses recycled water from the North Fresno Wastewater Reclamation Facility (NFWRF) to irrigate Copper River Ranch Golf Course.

Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-7
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Summary of Supplies
The City currently balances its surface water supplies and groundwater based on minimum production for operation of the SWTFs and minimum groundwater pumping to manage and control contamination plumes and prevent their spread. The minimum operation conditions typically occur in the low-demand winter months, and the City can increase surface water production during peak demand months when surface water is available. In normal and wet years, the City intends to rely on more surface water supply and recharge raw surface water to replenish the groundwater basin and build storage for dry years. In dry years, when surface water is less available, the City will ramp up well production to meet demands. The City is expected to continue this supply management strategy in the future. Figure ES-2 shows the City’s annual average projected water supplies through 2045.

Figure ES-2. Projected Water Supplies
138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000
125,030 131,600 131,600 131,600 131,600
5,910
329,030 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 341,140 346,610 352,000 357,330 0 50,000
100,000
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2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
AFY
Groundwater Surface Water – USBR Surface Water – FID Recycled Water Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-8
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Water Supply Reliability
The City currently manages its surface water and groundwater supply by maximizing surface water for potable use and intentional recharge during wet and normal years, while relying on groundwater during dry years. The City is currently updating its Metro Plan, which will recommend projects and programs to optimize the use of its supply portfolio and further improve supply resilience. Supply management tools are an expected outcome of the Metro Plan update; however, the City’s ongoing supply management is intended to maximize local supplies and improve the groundwater basin storage. Current actions include enhanced groundwater management and intentional recharge, increased recycled water use, and continued conservation through the implementation of demand management measures.

Normal water year, single dry water year, and five-year consecutive drought period supply projections were made based on historic water allocations for surface water supplies, sustainable yield for groundwater, and projected utilization for recycled water. For surface water, the single dry year is based on 2015 allocations and the five-year drought is based on 2012 to 2016. Groundwater supplies, due to intentional recharge augmentation, remain reliable in all hydrologic conditions.

Despite severe reductions of surface water supplies during recent dry years, sufficient goodquality water was available to operate the SWTFs. The projected supplies and demands for a normal year, single dry year, and five-year consecutive drought, shown in Figure ES-3 through Figure ES-5 on the next page and in Table 7-1 through Table 7-3 in Section 7.1.4, demonstrate that the City is projected to have greater than 100,000 AF of available supply after meeting demands in normal years; the City’s surface water supplies are reduced in a single dry year, but all potable demands are met and groundwater recharge of raw surface water is reduced; and the City is projected to meet all demands during a five-year drought with its existing supplies with reduced groundwater recharge in years three and four of a five-year drought to accommodate low surface water allocations.

Managed recharge of surface water is an essential component of the City’s groundwater supply and the City must average 60,000 AFY to 70,000 AFY of recharge with surface water to meet the projections. This highlights the City’s priority of recharging available surface water in the coming years.

Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-9
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Figure ES-3. Normal Year Supply vs. Demand
Figure ES-4. Single Dry Year Supply vs. Demand
Figure ES-5. Multiple Dry Years Supply vs. Demand
329,030 341,140 346,610 352,000 357,330
136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
199,204 212,756 222,310 231,876 241,447
0 50,000
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2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
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Recycled Water
Surface Water – FID
Surface Water – USBR
Groundwater
Total Demand
(Potable & Recharge)
Potable Demand
Available Supplies
189,852 195,392 200,862 206,252 211,582
136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
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T-----
Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-10
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
2021-2025 Drought Risk Assessment
A new provision of the Water Code directs Suppliers to prepare a Drought Risk Assessment (DRA), assuming a drought period lasting five consecutive years, starting from the year following the year when the assessment is conducted. The DRA analysis allows the City to examine the management of its supplies during stressed hydrologic conditions and an opportunity to evaluate whether the City may need to enact its Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP) during the next actual drought period lasting at least five years. The projected gross water use for the fiveyear DRA is based on unrestricted potable demand, a reduction in raw-water demand for intentional recharge in years three and four of the five-year drought, and unrestricted recycled water demand. Surface water supply availability is based on actual allocations during the previous drought – from 2012 to 2016.

Table ES-2 compares the total projected supply and demand for the five-year DRA for 2021 through 2025. As shown, the City does not expect to enact its WSCP for a five-consecutive-year drought based on the unrestricted potable demand projections and the reliability of the current supply portfolio. Available surface water supplies during this period would be utilized for groundwater recharge to sustain the groundwater basin.

Table ES-2. Five-Year Drought Risk Assessment
WATER USE TYPE 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Groundwater 133,602 134,724 135,846 136,968 138,090
Surface Water – USBR 30,000 37,200 0 0 45,000
Surface Water – FID 93,354 83,085 65,425 40,776 111,911 Recycled Water 1,912 2,911 3,911 4,910 5,910
TOTAL SUPPLY 258,868 257,920 205,181 182,655 300,911
Potable Demand 124,910 127,827 130,745 133,662 136,504
Non-Potable Demand 60,000 60,000 48,287 22,260 60,000
TOTAL DEMAND 184,910 187,827 179,032 155,922 196,504
AVAILABLE SUPPLIES 73,958 70,093 26,149 26,732 104,407
Water Shortage Contingency Plan
This WSCP is a detailed plan for how the City intends to respond to foreseeable and unforeseeable water shortages. A water shortage occurs when the water supply is reduced to a level that cannot support typical demand at any given time.

The WSCP is used to provide guidance to the City’s governing body, staff, and the public by identifying response actions to allow for efficient management of any water shortage with predictability and accountability. Preparation provides the tools to maintain reliable supplies and reduce the impacts of supply interruptions due to extended drought and catastrophic supply interruptions.

Executive Summary
City of Fresno
July 2021 ES-11
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
The WSCP describes the following:
• Water Supply Reliability Analysis
• Annual Water Supply and Demand Assessment Procedures
• Six Standard Shortage Stages
• Shortage Response Actions
• Communication Protocols
• Compliance and Enforcement
• Legal Authority
• Financial Consequences of WSCP Implementation
• Monitoring and Reporting
• WSCP Refinement Procedures
• Special Water Features Distinctions
• Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Availability
The 2020 WSCP is a standalone document that can be modified as needed and is included as Appendix J in the 2020 UWMP.

Grantland Ave
Hayes Ave
Cornelia Ave
Brawley Ave
Marks Ave
Belmont Ave
Clovis Ave
Fowler Ave
McKinley Ave
California Ave
Jensen Ave
West Ave
Walnut Ave
Chestnut Ave
North Ave
Central Ave
Temperance Ave
American Ave
Elm Ave
Whitesbridge Ave/ CA-180
East Ave
Cedar Ave
Peach Ave
Shields Ave
Ashlan Ave
Shaw Ave
Bullard Ave
Herndon Ave
Nees Ave
Shepherd Ave
Behymer Ave
Copper Ave
Jameson Ave
Dickenson Ave
West Lawn Ave
Chateau Fresno Ave
Dewolf Ave
Highand Ave
McCall Ave
Del Rey Ave
Bethel Ave
Academy Ave
Fresno Yosemite
International Airport

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER

DRY CREEK
180
168
41 41
99 99
Southeast
Development
Area
Fresno-Clovis Regional Wastewater
Reclamation Facilities
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0 1 in.
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Prepared for: City of Fresno
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
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Clovis Sphere of Influence
Fresno City Limits
County Islands
North Area
Southeast Development Area
Wastewater Reclamation Facility
Streets
Areas Served Water by Others
Bakman Water District
Malaga Water District
Park Van Ness Mutual Water
District
Pinedale County Water District
CA State University, Fresno
1:140,000
References:

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California IV FIPS 0404 Feet Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic
Datum: North American 1983
Notes:

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1-1

CITY OF FRESNO
Introduction
This plan comprises the 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) for the City of Fresno (City), as required by the California Urban Water Management Planning Act (UWMP Act).

The UWMP Act requires all urban water suppliers with more than 3,000 connections or distributing more than 3,000 acrefeet per year (AFY) to complete an UWMP every five years.

As of the close of the 2020 calendar year, the City has over 139,500 residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional water service connections and produced nearly 122,000 AF of water. As a result, the City is required to prepare and adopt an UWMP and submit it to DWR by the July 1, 2021, due date.

IN THIS SECTION
• California Water
Code
• UWMP
Organization
The UWMP is a valuable planning document used for multiple purposes:
• Serves as a valuable resource to the
community and other interested
parties regarding water supply and
demand, conservation, and water
related information
• Meets a statutory requirement of the
California Water Code (CWC)
• Provides a key source of information
for water supply assessments and
written verifications of water supply
• Supports regional long-range
planning documents, including City
and County General Plans
• Provides a standardized
methodology for water utilities to
assess their water resource needs
and availability
• Provides a resource for regional
involvement in the California Water
Plan
• Provides for a plan during water
drought situations
1 Introduction Section 1
City of Fresno
July 2021 1-2
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

1.1 The California Water Code
The UWMP Act is administered by the California Department of Water Resources (DWR), which is responsible for compiling data for statewide and regional analysis and publishing the adopted documents online for public access. This report was prepared according to the requirements of the CWC, UWMP Act, and the 2020 UWMP Guidebook.

CWC Section 10620 (a) of the UWMP Act states, “Every urban water supplier shall prepare and adopt an urban water management plan in the manner set forth in Article 3 (commencing with Section 10640).” These plans are to be updated every five years and submitted to DWR.

This law requires that every UWMP include:
• Baseline per capita water use
• Urban water use target for 2020
• Compliance daily per capita water use
This 2020 UWMP has been prepared to comply with the UWMP Act and SBx7-7. In addition to meeting the requirements of the Act, this report will be used to support water supply assessments and written verifications of water supply required by SB 610 and SB 221 of 2001.

These bills require that water supply information be provided to counties and cities for projects of a certain size, prior to discretionary project approval. Both bills allow an UWMP to be used as a source document to fulfill these legislative requirements. The UWMP Act has undergone significant expansion since it was originally passed, particularly since the City’s previous UWMP was prepared in 2015. Prolonged droughts, groundwater overdraft, regulatory revisions, and changing climatic conditions affect the reliability of each water supplier as well as the statewide water reliability overseen by DWR, the State Water Resources Control Board, and the Legislature. Accordingly, the UWMP Act has grown to address changing conditions, and the current requirements are found in Sections 10610–10656 and 10608 of the CWC.

Since 2015, several amendments have been added to the UWMP Act. These require urban water suppliers to prepare a five-year consecutive drought supply and demand assessment and a five-year drought risk assessment to evaluate the functionality of the Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP) in the event of a continuous five-year drought beginning next year.

Introduction Section 1
City of Fresno
July 2021 1-3
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
There are also new requirements for the WSCP, and it is now required to be adopted as a separate plan from the UWMP. This 2020 UWMP was developed to incorporate these new requirements, under the guidance of DWR’s 2020 UWMPs Guidebook for Urban Water Suppliers. A checklist to document compliance of this 2020 UWMP with the Act and the CWC is provided in Appendix A.

This 2020 UWMP includes all required DWR standardized tables for Chapters 1 to 10 compiled in Appendix B and all required SBx7-7 tables in Appendix C. A selection of these tables is also provided in the body of this Plan, as necessary to present supporting data.

1.2 UWMP Organization
This 2020 UWMP is organized into the following chapters. • Chapter 1 - Introduction and Overview: This chapter provides a discussion of the purpose and content of the 2020 UWMP and the extent of the City’s water management planning efforts.
• Chapter 2 - Plan Preparation: This chapter provides information on the City’s development of the 2020 UWMP, including the basis for plan preparation, planning type, data format, and coordination and outreach to nearby agencies.
• Chapter 3 - System Description: This chapter provides a description of the City’s water system, including service area maps, climate information, service population and demographic information, and an overview of the City’s organizational structure and history. • Chapter 4 - Customer Water Use: This chapter describes the City’s historic, current, and projected water uses, system losses, water savings, and water use by lower income households.
• Chapter 5 - Conservation Target Compliance: This chapter includes a description of the City’s chosen method for calculating baseline per capita water use, the City’s calculated baseline, 2015 interim and 2020 per capita demand targets, and compliance with the 2020 target.
• Chapter 6 - System Supplies: This chapter includes a discussion of the City’s water system supplies, including groundwater, surface water, wastewater, and recycled water, the City’s future water projects, and a summary of existing and future water sources. • Chapter 7 - Water Supply Reliability Assessment: This chapter describes the reliability of the City’s water supply through a 20-year planning horizon, including a supply and demand assessment and regional reliability evaluation. Supply reliability is presented for a normal, single dry year and five consecutive dry years.
• Chapter 8 - Water Shortage Contingency Planning: This chapter provides a description of the City’s WSCP, including stages of action, prohibitions, penalties, reduction methods, and catastrophic supply interruption.
• Chapter 9 - Demand Management Measures: This chapter explains the City’s existing and historic efforts to promote water conservation and the City’s plans to use Demand Management Measures to achieve its 2025 water use targets. • Chapter 10 - Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation: This chapter details the steps taken by the City to adopt the 2020 UWMP in accordance with the CWC, make it available to the public, and implement it.

Introduction Section 1
City of Fresno
July 2021 1-4
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
• Appendices: These include any additional information to support and clarify any information presented within the 2020 UWMP content.

1.3 UWMPs in Relation to Other Efforts
The City previously prepared a 2005 UWMP, 2010 UWMP, and 2015 UWMP. This 2020 UWMP serves as an update to the 2015 UWMP and complies with new requirements and regulations.

In addition to completing the 2020 UWMP, the City is presently updating its Fresno Metropolitan Water Resource Management Plan (Metro Plan). The last Metro Plan was completed in 2014, and the current Metro Plan update will prepare a fresh look at the City’s water resources and consider new conditions and strategies for planning through 2070. Figure 1-1 shows the City’s ongoing and additional future water resources planning efforts.

1.4 Demonstration of Consistency with the Delta Plan
A new requirement for the 2020 UWMP is that agencies that anticipate participating in, or receiving water from, a proposed project utilizing Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta) Water or within the Jurisdiction of the Delta Stewardship Council (covered action) should demonstrate consistency with the Delta Plan’s policy to reduce reliance on the Delta. Covered actions include, but are not limited to, projects such as multiyear water transfers, conveyance facilities, or new diversions that involve transferring water through, exporting water from, or using water in the Delta, per California Code of Regulations, Title 23, Section 5003. The City of Fresno contracts with the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) Central Valley Project (CVP) Friant Division for an annual supply of 60,000 AF of Class 1 water. Although the Friant Division of the CVP does not directly divert or convey water from the Delta, the project was developed through an exchange with the Delta-Mendota supply. As restrictions on Delta exports have hindered USBR from making deliveries to the Delta-Mendota Canal, the Friant Division Class 1 allocations are reduced, and the water is transferred back to the users that would typically receive water from the Delta-Mendota Canal. As such, the City is required to demonstrate consistency with the Delta Plan’s policy to reduce reliance on the Delta. Appendix D includes the reporting and calculations that demonstrate Fresno’s reduced reliance on supply from their USBR CVP water supply.

Introduction Section 1
City of Fresno
July 2021 1-5
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Figure 1-1. Previous and Ongoing Water Resources Planning Efforts

GENERAL PLAN PEIR

GENERAL PLAN REVIEW COMMITTEE VARIOUS SPECIFIC PLANS(TBD) 2015 UWMP 2016

PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION
2020 METRO PLAN 1
METRO PLAN 2014 UPDATE ADAPTABLE TOOLS
CV-SALTS/N WORKPLAN DESIGN + CONSTRUCTION

RWRFGW I

STUDIES
2019

WATER SYSTEMSMP

WATER REUSE MP

MASTER PLANS RECYCLED WATER SYSTEM MP

WASTEWATER SYSTEM S M P L WASTEWATER SYSTEMS MP & COLLECTION SYSTEMS MP

COLLECTION SYSTEM MP
PREVIOUS 2020 2021 2022 BEYOND
PHASE1 PHASE 2 PHASES CEQA
2020
UWMP

GENERAL

PLAN&MEIR
2014

WELL EVALUATION STUDY

AS,MN, &NREMEDIATION STUDY

SALINITY WORK PLAN STUDY

NITRATE SIDESTREAM STUDY

WATER QUALITY

MONITORING & EVALUATION
2-1

CITY OF FRESNO
Plan Preparation
The City has coordinated the preparation of its 2020 UWMP with its water suppliers, the County, the City of Clovis, nearby water agencies, and community members to develop a UWMP that
adheres to the requirements of the CWC and plans for a resilient water future.

The City of Fresno provides water service to a variety of customer sector types within the City limits, inclusive of several historic County Waterworks Districts (county
islands) which have been incorporated into the City’s water system.

The City has approximately 139,500 service connections
and produced just under 122,000 AF of potable water in
2020. The City meets the threshold identified in the CWC to be classified as an urban water supplier and in the California Health and Safety Code as a public water system. The City provides water directly to its customers and does not
wholesale water to any other agencies for potable uses
(defined as sales greater than 3,000 acre-feet per year).

Therefore, the City is required to prepare and update a Retail UWMP every five years. This report was prepared on a calendar year basis.

IN THIS

SECTION
• Coordination
and Outreach
Plan Preparation Section 2
City of Fresno
July 2021 2-2
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

2.1 Coordination and Outreach
The City has water supply contracts with USBR and Fresno Irrigation District (FID). Each of these water suppliers has been notified of the plan update and provided water supply projections for the time period covered by this plan. Additionally, the preparation of this 2020 UWMP was coordinated with other appropriate agencies to ensure regional stakeholders had the opportunity to provide input to this plan. The City has coordinated preparation of the 2020 UWMP and solicited participation and comments with the agencies indicated in Table 2-1. The City has also published notices in local newspaper and encouraged the active involvement of the population within the water service area to provide feedback on the UWMP and the WSCP during the public review period, as discussed in Section 10.1.

Table 2-1. Agency Coordination and Outreach
AGENCY
NOTIFIED 60 DAYS

PRIOR TO PUBLIC

HEARING

NOTIFIED OF
PUBLIC DRAFT 14

DAYS PRIOR TO

PUBLIC HEARING
Bakman Water Company  
City of Clovis  
County of Fresno  
Fresno Irrigation District  
Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District  
Friant Water Authority  
Garfield Water District  
Malaga County Water District  
Pinedale County Water District  
North Kings Groundwater Sustainability Agency  
US Bureau of Reclamation  
3-1

CITY OF FRESNO
System Description
This chapter describes the history of the City’s water system, its current service area, climate, population, and demographics.

The original Fresno water system began operations in 1876 as a non-profit organization inaugurated by a group of
public-minded citizens. Initially, the water system consisted of one pumping station composed of small pumps and two
storage tanks located above the second floor of one of the early store buildings. This building was located on Fresno Street between “J” and “K” Streets, presently known as
Broadway and Fulton.

IN THIS SECTION
• Service Area
• Land Uses
• Water System
• Population and
Demographics
By 1888, the town had grown to a small city, which demanded an improved water distribution system. This was necessary because of several large fires, including the destruction of the first permanent courthouse. In 1888, the first pumping station and water tower were constructed at Fresno and "O" Street. These facilities were designed to be an integral part of a larger and continually expanding water system.

This No. 1 station was in continuous use until 1959, when it was retired having served its useful purpose. Today, this building is known as the “Water Tower” and has been declared a historic structure.

System Description Section 3
City of Fresno
July 2021 3-2
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Between the years of 1887 and 1890, 4-inch and 2½-inch cast iron pipe, as well as 4-inch wrought iron water mains were laid out. Most of these original “permanent pipes” have since been replaced in the present water supply system. The owner and operator of the system in 1888 was the Fresno Water Company. In 1904, the Fresno Water Company was purchased by Balch, Kerckhoff & Wishon, and was reorganized as the Fresno City Water Company. In 1926, the facilities were purchased by the California Water Service Company. This company then sold the water system to the City of Fresno in 1931, which operated as a municipal utility. It was first managed under an appointed water board, but currently is a division of the Department of Public Utilities.

Historically, the City’s supply of water consisted of direct pumping from wells drilled into the underground aquifer. Today, groundwater remains one of the City’s primary water supply sources, including 202 active and 56 inactive groundwater wells. The production capacity from the active wells is approximately 403 million gallons per day (mgd) and the total production capacity is 487 mgd, including inactive wells. The wells are located around the City to provide equitable distribution throughout the City’s water system, as described below. Most wells are connected directly into the transmission grid main system (14- to 20-inch diameter pipelines) to convey water throughout the system.

In the 1960s, the City secured a surface water contract made available from the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). The City contracted with USBR for 60,000 acre-feet of water per year from the Friant Division (Millerton Lake) and developed a system to recharge the groundwater basin by “intentional recharge,” percolating the imported surface water supplies in constructed recharge basins. The City’s USBR supplies are conveyed to the City via FID canals.

In 1976, the City signed a contract with FID for delivery of surface water supplies from the Kings River based on the City’s pro rata share of FID’s water entitlements. The Kings River water is used for groundwater recharge and treated for potable use.

In 2004, the City also began treating surface water supplies for direct potable use at its first surface water treatment facility located in northeast Fresno (NESWTF). For the period of 2005– 2014, this 30 mgd-rated facility provided 10–15% of the City’s potable water supplies. From 2016–2020, this facility produced 15% of the City’s potable water supply, an increase largely attributed to transmission system improvements, which permitted conveying water further into the City’s distribution system, and the City’s lower overall system demands. Also, in 2015, the City commenced operations of its new T-3 Water Storage and modular Surface Water Treatment Facility (T-3 SWTF) in southeast Fresno. In January 2013, the City completed the installation of meters on all single-family residences.

In 2018, the City completed construction of its new 54 mgd surface water treatment facility in southeast Fresno (SESWTF) and large diameter water mains that serve nearly one-half of the City. Production from this facility may ultimately be 80 mgd with the City demonstrating to the Division of Drinking Water (DDW) that the facility is capable of safely running at higher filter loading rates. With the SESWTF operational, along with the NESWTF and T-3 SWTF, the City provided greater than 50% of its potable supply through using surface water for the first time in 2019 and 2020. The City expects to provide half or more of its potable demand using its surface water supply sources going forward.

System Description Section 3
City of Fresno
July 2021 3-3
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

3.1 Service Area
The City of Fresno presently covers approximately 115 square miles (sq mi) (73,500 acres) consisting largely of single-family residential, commercial, public, and industrial development. It also includes several areas not within the City limits (e.g., County islands), as shown in Figure 3-1. With the exception of the Bakman Water Company (Bakman), Pinedale County Water District (Pinedale), Park Van Ness Mutual Water Company (Park Van Ness), California State University Fresno (CSUF), and private groundwater users located within County islands, the City currently serves water to the entire area encompassed by its City limits and will eventually serve out to the Sphere of Influence (SOI) boundary. The SOI is coincident with the City of Fresno General Plan Land Use and Circulation Map, which was adopted in the 2014 General Plan and therefore, includes all lands planned to be annexed by the City at the projected 2056 buildout of the General Plan (City of Fresno Development and Resource Management Department, 2014).

3.1.1 Land Uses within Service Area
According to the General Plan and the City’s Planning and Development Department, the City’s planning area covers approximately 106,000 acres (165.6 sq mi) comprised of approximately 73,500 acres (115 sq mi) of incorporated land and 32,500 acres (50.8 sq mi) of unincorporated land based on the City’s current shapefiles. The total 106,000-acre planning area includes approximately 84,300 acres of developed or planned to be developed land, approximately 18,500 acres of roads, highways, and railroads with no corresponding water demand, and about 2,500 acres outside of the SOI north of the City’s most northwesterly portion referred to as the North Area and shown on Figure 3-1.

Of the 106,000 acres within the City’s planning area, the City’s water service area covers 70,400 acres (110 sq mi) of land within the SOI, which includes most of the 73,500 acres of incorporated area and the unincorporated County Islands not within the City limits. As shown in Table 3-1, approximately 59,100 acres of the 70,400 acres within the water service area are developed and served water by the City. The remainder consists of vacant land that will be served by the City when it is developed. Residential units make up the largest portion of water demand served by the City, consisting of over 40% of the total served area and almost 90% of the total service connections.

The remaining areas within the City’s SOI are served by other systems or are unserved by a water system, consisting of open space and agricultural land, land used by roads, highways, and railroads, as well as the North Area.

System Description Section 3
City of Fresno
July 2021 3-4
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Table 3-1. Current Service Area Characteristics

LAND USE TYPE
AREA
(ACRES)
% OF
TOTAL
AREA

SERVICE

CONNECTIONS
% OF TOTAL

CONNECTIONS
Single-Family Residential 27,700 39.3% 118,775 85.1%
Multifamily Residential 3,700 5.3% 6,087 4.4%
Commercial 4,500 6.4% 11,982 8.6%
Public 5,600 8.0% 2,504 1.8%
Industrial 4,500 6.4% 175 0.1%
Open Space/
Landscape Irrigation 13,100 18.6% Note 1
Total 59,100 139,5232 100%
Vacant / Partially Vacant3 11,300 15.9% N/A
Total 70,400 100%
Source: Acreage from City of Fresno Geographic Information System Shapefile of Land Uses provided 8/12/20. Number of connections provided by the City for 2020.

Notes:

1. Dedicated irrigation meters are included in commercial and public meter total.

2. Approximately 3,633 dedicated fire service connections are included in the total services connections, most of which are included in the commercial and public meter total.

3. For partially vacant land, half of the area is included in the zoned land use type and the other half is assumed vacant.

3.1.2 Water System
The City’s water system consists of about 1,860 miles of distribution and transmission mains, 202 active municipal groundwater wells, three surface water treatment facilities (SWTFs) with current rated capacities ranging from 4 to 54 mgd, five water storage facilities with pump stations, including one at each of the SWTFs plus two in the distribution system, and three booster pump facilities.

The City’s service area spans an approximate 120 feet of elevation difference, declining from northeast to southwest. To help regulate pressure throughout the water distribution system, the City utilizes five pressure zones, as shown on Figure 3-2: Highway 41, Shepherd, Sierra, Southwest, and Booster Pump 4 (BP04). The pressure zones are separated by a series of closed or partially closed valves between each zone to prevent or impede flow from one zone to the next, referred to as gate systems. There are four gate systems — Shepherd, Sierra, Southwest, and BP04 — separating the five pressures zones. The Highway 41 Pressure Zone was previously split into two pressure zones divided by a series of 26 gate valves closely following the alignment along Highway 41. However, these zones were combined into a single zone in 2015 by fully opening the Highway 41 gate valves, and as a result are not shown on Figure 3-2.

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California IV FIPS 0404 Feet Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic
Datum: North American 1983
Notes:

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Notes:

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System Description Section 3
City of Fresno
July 2021 3-7
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

3.2 Service Area Climate
The City’s service area is in California’s San Joaquin Valley in Fresno County along Highway

99. The climate of the area is best described as Mediterranean, characterized by hot dry summers and cool winters. Precipitation in the area averages around 11 inches per year, as shown in Table 3-2. However, rainfall can significantly vary year to year, with over 18 inches received in 2011 and less than 4 inches received in 2014. The recent drought was marked by four consecutive years (2012 to 2015) of less than 10 inches of rainfall. As shown by the average evapotranspiration (ETₒ) and temperature values in Table 3-2, the City’s water use in the summer months is significantly higher than in the winter, reflecting increased water use for irrigation purposes during the hot, dry summers.

Table 3-2. Average Climate Characteristics
MONTH ETₒ
(INCHES)

RAINFALL
(INCHES)

TEMP-HIGH
(°F)

TEMP-LOW
(°F)
Jan 1.17 2.33 56.9 37.4
Feb 1.98 1.8 62.6 39.8
Mar 3.73 1.99 68.4 43.6
Apr 5.43 0.99 73.7 46.9
May 7.33 0.54 81.3 53.2
Jun 8.41 0.19 89.6 59.1
Jul 8.8 0.02 95.7 63.8
Aug 7.82 0.01 94.6 62.5
Sep 5.69 0.07 89.6 57.9
Oct 3.68 0.59 79.3 49.3
Nov 1.85 0.98 66.2 40.6
Dec 1.10 1.83 56.5 36.1
Total/
Average

56.99 11.34 76.2 49.2
Source: CIMIS Website: http://www.cimis.water.ca.gov, Station 80 Fresno State (1988 to 2020) Monthly Average Report, October 2020 (downloaded November 30, 2020) System Description Section 3
City of Fresno
July 2021 3-8
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

3.3 Service Area Population and Demographics
The City experienced rapid growth since it was founded by the Central Pacific Railroad in 1872 up through the mid-1990s, when the City’s annual growth rate was typically greater than 2%.

From 1995 to 2015, the annual growth rate has decreased to an average of 1.3%, and since 2015, the rate has not surpassed 1.0%.

The population served by the City Water Division is slightly higher than the City’s population after adding unincorporated areas served by the City and removing areas within the City limits served by private water companies, special districts, or private wells. The City acquired County service areas and facilities in 1989, which increased the service area population to slightly greater than the City population since 1990.

Figure 3-3 compares the historic City population to the water service area population since 1990.

Water service area population estimates prior to 1990 were unavailable for comparison to the City’s population. The City Water Division’s methodology for calculating the population of the City’s water service area involves summing all the Census tract data for the City’s overall service area and subtracting out tracts not served by the City. These tracts included areas served by Pinedale, Bakman, and CSUF, as well as areas outside the City service area, unserved areas within County areas, unserved areas within City areas, and areas with only partial service (i.e., straddling City service areas). Based on the City’s methodology, the water service area population was estimated to be 546,502 in 2020, compared to 545,769 for the total City population in January 2020 (California Department of Finance, 2020). For comparison, in the 2015 UWMP, the City Water Division population served was 525,575 compared to the total City population of 522,369 (California Department of Finance, 2020). The City’s water service area population in 2020 using the DWR Population Tool is 550,217 and is similar to the population estimate using the City’s methodology.

System Description Section 3
City of Fresno
July 2021 3-9
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Figure 3-3. City of Fresno and Water Service Area Historic Population The City’s General Plan is the City’s primary growth planning document from which the baseline water service area population projection for this UWMP was developed. The General Plan includes population estimates for the City planning area, which includes all areas within City limits and unincorporated areas outside of City limits within the City’s SOI, based on projections developed by the Fresno Council of Governments and estimates a buildout population of 921,057 in 2056. In 2017 the Fresno Council of Governments developed population projections in 5-year increments through 2050 for all cities within Fresno County (Applied Development Economics, Inc. and Mintier Harnish Associates, 2017). The Fresno Council of Governments’ 2017 report projects the City’s population will grow at an annual growth rate ranging from 0.92–

1.44%, with an average annual growth rate between 2020 and 2056 (buildout) of 1.03% per year. These population projections and growth rate have been incorporated in the City’s General Plan population projections.

According to the City’s Planning and Development Department, the City’s water service area population is anticipated to continue to grow along with the City, with some slightly higher growth years anticipated within the next 10 years due to multiple large developments planned for completion in the near term. For planning purposes, this UWMP assumes the City will slowly incorporate areas served by others within the City’s SOI by buildout in year 2056. As such, the long-term water service area population annual growth rate is expected to be 1.44% between 2020 and 2056 to account for absorbing these areas into the City’s water system.

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System Description Section 3
City of Fresno
July 2021 3-10
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
as provided by the City’s Planning Department, and then linearly beyond 2030 to meet the buildout population in 2056. The City’s 2020 population estimate includes the entire City planning area, including areas not served water by the City and areas currently outside the City limits but within the SOI, and is higher than the current water service area population. The water service area population projection assumes the City will incorporate all areas currently served by others and grow to provide water service to all areas within the SOI by buildout. Because the water service area has more growth potential than the City planning area, the annual average growth rate as calculated ranges from 1.1–2.1% between 2020 and 2056, with an average annual growth rate of approximately 1.56% between 2020 and 2045 that continues to slow through the buildout. Table 3-3 shows the water service area population projections through 2045 in fiveyear increments.

Table 3-3. Current and Projected Population (DWR 3-1R)
POPULATION SERVED 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
TOTAL 550,217 609,433 674,677 719,327 765,278 812,529

3.3.1 Other Social, Economic, and Demographic Factors
Most recently, the City is experiencing significant impacts due to the global pandemic caused by COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. In March 2020, the State issued a stay-at-home order that forced many businesses to close and other businesses to require residents to continue work only from their home to slow the spread of the virus. Additionally, the forced closure of several businesses caused a historic increase in unemployment across the US and a resulting economic recession. While all the impacts of COVID-19 are not entirely known at this time, it has caused a shift in water use by customer class. In 2020, residential demands increased by over 8% from 2019 demand, while commercial and industrial water use decreased by over 5%.

This shift is expected to be temporary with an anticipated return to previous levels once all stay at home orders are lifted and businesses can reopen. However, the economic recession could have longer term impacts to the region.
4-1

CITY OF FRESNO
Water Use Characterization
This chapter describes and quantifies 2020 water use and projected water use through 2045 within the City’s service area.

Water consumption in the City is characterized by the
typical demand sectors of residential, commercial,
institutional, industrial, and irrigational. The difference between production and consumption is losses, which may be attributed to system leaks, meter inaccuracies, fire flows, theft, unmetered use, or other factors.

IN THIS SECTION
• Distribution
System Water
Losses
• Past and
Current Water
Use
• Projected
Water Use
4 Water Use Characterization Section 4
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4.1 Non-Potable Versus Potable Water Use
The City serves its customers potable water for residential, commercial, institutional, industrial, and landscape irrigational demands through its potable water distribution system.

The City also diverts raw surface water obtained from the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) and Fresno Irrigation District (FID) to recharge basins throughout the service area. The City coordinates with FID for the delivery of the recharge water, utilizing FID’s existing system of channels and pipelines to convey the raw water, and with Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District (FMFCD) to deliver water to FMFCD’s stormwater retention and recharge basins or its own recharge basins. The raw surface water recharges the groundwater basin to sustain the groundwater supply for the City. The groundwater recharge volume can vary based on surface water supply availability and is represented as an addition to annual groundwater supplies as discussed in Chapter 6. In addition, the City serves a limited number of customers secondary treated or tertiary treated and disinfected recycled water for agricultural irrigation or landscape irrigation, respectively. The recycled water demands are discussed in Section 6.4.

4.2 Past, Current, and Projected Water Use by Sector
The following sections document the past and current water use for each sector, and the projected water use through 2045.

4.2.1 Water Use Sectors
Records of historical water consumption serve as the basis for developing water demands by water use sector. Water consumption is the volume of water measured at each metered service.

The City tracks water consumption across different water use sectors listed in the California Water Code (CWC), including:
• Single-Family Residential
• Multifamily Residential
• Commercial and Institutional / Governmental
• Industrial
• Landscape
• Distribution System Losses
In addition to the water uses listed in the CWC, the City participates in exchanges and transfers, provides temporary travel meters for temporary water use, and diverts non-potable surface supplies for groundwater recharge, described below. The City does not provide water for sales to other agencies, saline water intrusion barriers, or agricultural use.

4.2.1.1 Exchanges
Since 1976, the City has had a water exchange agreement with FID for delivery of the City’s percolated wastewater effluent — considered equivalent to tertiary treatment — to FID canals.

This is not counted as a water use in this chapter and is discussed as a water supply in Section

6.6.1.2. Water Use Characterization Section 4
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4.2.1.2 Other
A small, quantified water demand has been classified as “other” to account for temporary travel or construction meters for water used for dust control. This use type typically accounts for less than one percent of total water use.

4.2.2 Distribution System Water Losses
Real losses, as defined in the American Water Works Association (AWWA) Water Audit tool are:
“Physical water losses from the pressurized system (water mains and customer service connections) and the utility’s storage tanks, up to the point of customer consumption. In metered systems, this is the customer meter; in unmetered situations, this is the first point of consumption (stop tap/tap) within the property. The annual volume lost through all types of leaks, breaks, and overflows depends on frequencies, flow rates, and average duration of individual leaks, breaks, and overflows.”
The past five years of distribution system losses are listed in Table 4-1, and the results of the 2016-2019 AWWA Water Audit Tool are provided in Appendix E. The AWWA Audit Worksheet was not completed for 2020 prior to the submittal of this plan, and the volume of water loss is estimated as the difference between water produced and metered water consumed for each calendar year period.

The overall consumption of water in the system is placed into four different categories:
• Billed Metered Usage
• Billed Unmetered Usage
• Unbilled Metered Usage
• Unbilled Unmetered Usage
The water losses for the system were found by determining the difference between the overall amount of water supplied to the community and the apparent system losses. The City’s system losses have many different possible causes such as hydrant flushing/testing, construction, firefighting, system leaks, water main breaks, and meter error. The estimated loss in 2020 is 9,568 acre-feet (AF), which is the difference between metered production and metered consumption and is approximately 8% of the overall system production. Based on the previous four years of audits, the City has not had to apply meter adjustments in the AWWA Water Audit Tool, and the water losses report is the difference between water produced and metered water consumed each year. It is anticipated that the estimated 2020 water loss volume in Table 4-1 will be the water losses reported on the 2020 AWWA Audit when it is certified.

Currently, the City does not have a water loss standard but intends to evaluate programs to reduce water losses in their Metro Plan that is currently being updated. The City is also tracking forthcoming water use standards, which will include a water loss standard that is planned to be adopted by the Water Board within the next few years.

Water Use Characterization Section 4
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Table 4-1. DWR 4-4R 12 Month Water Loss Audit Reporting

REPORT PERIOD START DATE VOLUME OF WATER

LOSS, AFY

PERCENT LOSS OF

MM YYYY PRODUCTION
1 2016 9,036 8.0%
1 2017 10,235 8.5%
1 2018 9,028 7.5%
1 2019 9,059 7.8%
1 2020 9,568 7.8%
For 2016 through 2019, volume of water loss is taken from the AWWA Water Audit Tool. For 2020, the volume of water loss is the difference in metered production and metered consumption.

4.2.3 Past and Current Water Use
Since 2013, all water services in the City’s water service area have been metered. Prior to 2013, the City estimated single-family residential water use, since these services were not equipped with meters, by subtracting all other metered uses (commercial, institutional, industrial, and irrigational), plus 10% assumed losses, from production data. Water consumption for the City’s water service area by customer type for 2013–2020 is shown on Figure 4-1.

Figure 4-1. Historical Consumption by Customer Type (2013–2020) 76,029 67,179
54,189 53,805 57,842 57,314 54,719 60,065
20,901
19,807
17,522 17,774 18,393 18,448 17,922
18,842
20,062
20,047
17,469 17,887 19,008 19,089 17,938
16,971
5,747
5,800
5,618 5,533
5,698 5,561 5,554 5,729
10,666
9,130
7,358 7,726
9,021 9,872 10,019
10,478
133,692
122,191
102,308 103,045
110,525 110,725 106,500 112,426
0 20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Metered Consumption (AF)
Single-family Residential Multi-family Residential Commercial/Institutional Industrial Landscape Irrigation Travel Meters
Water Use Characterization Section 4
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As shown in the figure, single-family residential water use has decreased more than 20,000 AFY since the Single-Family Metering Program was completed in 2013. Multifamily residential, commercial, and institutional services have historically been metered, and consumption has also decreased since 2013, with industrial users and landscape irrigation consumption at similar levels to 2013 consumption, even as new customers are connected to the City’s water system.

Landscape irrigation demands did decrease in 2015 and 2016, likely due to the drought restrictions, and continue to recover after the drought ended in 2017.

Table 4-2 provides the breakdown of actual water use by sector type in calendar year 2020. As shown in Table 4-2, single-family residential water use is the largest use type in the City and accounted for almost 50% of potable water use in 2020. Multifamily residential use was the second largest, accounting for approximately 15% of water sales in 2020. Together, residential water use accounts for about 65% of all potable water uses in the City’s service area. The remaining potable water uses consist of mainly commercial and institutional water use, which are tracked together and included only on the commercial use row on Table 4-2, followed by landscape irrigation and industrial usage. Distribution losses accounted for approximately 8% of potable water used in 2020 (per Section 4.2.2).

Table 4-2. Actual Demands for Water: Potable (DWR 4-1R)

USE TYPE

ADDITIONAL

DESCRIPTION

LEVEL OF TREATMENT

WHEN DELIVERED
2020
VOLUME

PERCENT

OF TOTAL
Single Family Drinking Water 60,065 49.2%
Multi-Family Drinking Water 18,842 15.4%
Commercial Drinking Water 16,971 13.9%
Industrial Drinking Water 5,729 4.7%
Institutional/
Governmental
See Note 1 Drinking Water --- ---
Landscape Drinking Water 10,478 8.6%
Other Travel Meters Drinking Water 340 0.3%
Losses Drinking Water 9,568 7.8%
Total: 121,993 100%
Note:

1. Institutional and Governmental water usage is included in the Commercial use type.

Figure 4-2 shows the historic volume of the City’s raw surface water used for groundwater recharge since 2000. Over the last 20 years (2000–2020), the average annual intentional recharge of surface water was 49,240 AFY. Total recharge has ranged from a high of 82,900 AF in 2019 and a low of 19,700 AF in 2015. Also, total recharge volumes in 2016, 2017, and 2019 were three of the highest volumes in the last 20 years. The increases were due to over 30% increase in recharge at City basins from the addition of several basins (Nielsen, Fancher) and proactive maintenance of basins to maximize percolation capacity. The annual variability between years is caused by several factors, including basin availability, water delivery season, pond maintenance, or length of wet seasons.

Water Use Characterization Section 4
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July 2021 4-6
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Figure 4-2. Historic Recharge of City Surface Water

4.2.4 Projected Water Use

4.2.4.1 Land Use Projections
The potable demand projections through 2045 for normal water use follow the methodology for land use-based projections described in Appendix K of the 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) Guidebook. Under this methodology, existing land use and demand is accounted separately from future land use and demand. This allows different demand factors to be applied to current land use areas and future land use areas. Future land use areas represent future customers and developments that are expected to be more water efficient than existing land uses and buildings due to the California Plumbing Code (CPC) and use of higher efficiency appliances and landscapes.

The existing and future land use acreage was sourced from the City’s Geographic Information System (GIS) database and the City’s General Plan. The existing land use shapefile and associated acreage for each land use classification were used to represent 2020 land use data.

Areas not served by the City were excluded from the existing land use shapefile. The future land use shapefile corresponds with the planned land use at buildout as described in the City’s General Plan representing the year 2056. Although the City does not have any plans to serve areas currently served by others within the City limits, all areas within the City Sphere of Influence (SOI) were assumed to be served by the City by buildout for conservative planning purposes. Table 4-3 lists the land use acreage by land use category for the 2020 and buildout 2056 water service areas. 54,995 46,538 46,514
55,46144,92542,88139,74936,58349,85252,53850,96148,91945,47145,16934,68119,76265,650 72,11649,119
82,93342,686
0 10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
AFY
c & & ( ox g go & c c O A K O A K Ko A K O) o 00040400400000004004000.04oa3a8aaa8 Water Use Characterization Section 4
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The land use acreage between 2020 and 2056 was estimated in 5-year increments based on areas planned to be developed by 2030 from the City’s Planning Department, and by linearly interpolating the remainder of the change in acreage for each land use category between 2030 and 2056. Figure 4-3 shows the existing and projected land use by customer class used to develop the projections.

Table 4-3. Existing and Future Water Service Area Acreage

LAND USE CATEGORY
2020 WATER
SERVICE AREA1, 3, 4
2056 WATER
SERVICE AREA2

ACRES PERCENT ACRES PERCENT
Single-Family Residential 27,700 47% 40,000 47%
Multifamily Residential 3,700 6% 3,800 5%
Commercial 4,500 8% 8,600 10%
Public Facility 5,600 9% 7,200 9%
Industrial 4,500 8% 9,300 11%
Open Space/
Landscape Irrigation 13,100 22% 11,000 13%
Mixed Use3 0 0% 3,900 5%
Downtown3 0 0% 600 1%
TOTAL 59,100 100% 84,300 100%
Notes:

1. Acreage from City of Fresno GIS Shapefile of Land Uses provided 8/12/20 and reduced to the City's water service area (excludes Pinedale, Bakman, and California State University Fresno and unserved areas outside the City limit and SOI).

2. Future Land Use Shapefile provided by the City on 8/12/20 and aligns with the General Plan for buildout in year 2056. The buildout service area acreage listed excludes the Fresno-Clovis Regional Wastewater Reclamation Facility, land used for road, highways, and railroads, and the north area outside of the SOI.

3. Mixed use and downtown land use categories are not in the existing land use shapefile.

They are described in the General Plan as new designations for redevelopment of existing areas that contain a mix of land uses.

4. Approximately 11,300 acres of non-water demanding vacant/partially vacant land is excluded from the 2020 water service area acreage.

Water Use Characterization Section 4
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July 2021 4-8
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Figure 4-3. Existing and Projected Land Use
Note: Acreage for Mixed-use and Downtown land use types are not shown every year for clarity, but are included in the total acreage value.

4.2.4.2 Demand Factors and Future Savings
Land use-based water demand factors were developed using 2018 metered consumption data matched to 72 categories of land use data. These demand factors were applied to the 2020 land use acreage by category to develop the demand projection beginning in 2020. Demand factors for land uses that grow over time and represent new developments were assigned a lower demand factor than the demand factors for existing development. Additionally, demand factors were assumed to slowly reduce over time due to passive conservation, which includes the replacement of older water fixtures and appliances with more efficient types now required as part of the CPC. The passive conservation savings are projected to be greater for existing customers than future customers because future customers are already assumed to have a lower water demand factor and meet the plumbing code.

Future savings due to passive conservation were developed using the Alliance for Water Efficiency (AWE) Water Conservation Tracking Tool. The Tracking Tool is an Excel tool that can 27,702 30,044 32,387 33,849 35,312 36,774 38,237 39,699 39,992 3,666 3,707 3,747 3,762 3,777 3,792 3,807 3,822 3,825
4,453 5,236 6,018 6,505 6,992 7,479 7,966 8,453 8,551
5,615 5,874 6,133 6,335 6,537 6,740 6,942 7,144 7,184
4,519
5,201
6,384 6,944 7,504 8,064 8,624 9,184 9,296
13,094
12,979
12,863 12,501 12,139 11,776 11,414 2,293 11,052 10,980 2,783 3,274 3,764 3,862 59,050
63,781
69,012 71,952 74,891 77,831 80,770 83,710 84,298
0 10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2056
Land Use Acreage
SFR MFR Commercial Public
Industrial Open Space Mixed Use Downtown
■■■■■■■
illl
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incorporate water service area-specific data to estimate natural replacement rates of fixtures and future savings based on the CPC.

Table 4-4 lists the passive conservation savings assumption incorporated in the potable demand projections. Existing unit demand factors are reduced by the percentages listed to develop the future development unit demand factors. As shown in the table, this assumes future residential and non-residential dwelling units are 10% and 5% more water efficient, respectively, than existing dwelling units due to changes in the plumbing code and ever-increasing new water efficient technology. Table 4-5 compares the total potable demand projections without the estimated savings due to passive conservation from 2025–2045.

Table 4-4. Passive Conservation Savings Assumptions

LAND USE TYPE
FUTURE

DEVELOPMENT

UNIT DEMAND
FACTOR
REDUCTION1

EXISTING

DEVELOPMENT

ANNUAL PASSIVE

CONSERVATION
SAVINGS2
FUTURE

DEVELOPMENT

ANNUAL PASSIVE

CONSERVATION
SAVINGS3
Residential/Mixed Use 10% 0.20% per year 0.04% per year Commercial/Downtown 5% 0.05% per year 0.01% per year
Public 5% 0.05% per year 0.01% per year
Industrial 5% 0.05% per year 0.01% per year
Open Space/
Landscape Irrigation 0% 0% per year 0% per year
Notes:

1. Existing (2020) unit demand factors are reduced by the percentages listed to develop the future development unit demand factors.

2. Existing development annual passive conservation savings were developed using the AWE Water Conservation Tracking Tool.

3. Future development passive conservation savings are assumed to be one-fifth the rate of existing development passive conservation savings.

Table 4-5. Projected Future Savings for Potable Demands, AF 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Total Potable Demand with no conservation 137,521 149,361 157,204 165,047 173,160 Estimated Passive Conservation 1,017 2,005 2,994 3,973 5,213

TOTAL POTABLE DEMAND
WITH PASSIVE CONSERVATION 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,074 167,947 Water Use Characterization Section 4
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4.2.4.3 Demand Projections
Table 4-6 provides the projected demands by use type based on the methodology described above. Table 4-7 includes the projected raw surface water used for groundwater recharge through the planning period for normal years. The City intends to recharge an average of 60,000 AFY beyond 2020, corresponding with the average recharge volume from 2016 through 2020, and gradually increase recharge by about 540 AFY each year. In 2025, the normal year groundwater recharge is projected to be 62,700 AFY and will continue to increase to 73,500 AFY by 2045. The actual volume recharged is based on the available surface water supplies each year, as well as available basin capacity and other factors, and may be lower in dry years or higher in wet years.

Table 4-6. Projected Demands for Water: Potable (DWR 4-2R)

USE TYPE ADDITIONAL

DESCRIPTION

PROJECTED WATER USE
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Single Family 76,255 80,429 82,934 85,437 87,936
Multi-Family 19,000 20,654 21,737 22,831 23,935
Commercial 19,052 21,135 22,587 24,041 25,496
Industrial 7,410 9,003 9,922 10,841 11,758
Institutional/
Governmental See Note 1
Landscape 4,490 5,035 5,422 5,809 6,196
Other Travel Meters 200 200 200 200 200
Losses 10,097 10,900 11,408 11,917 12,426
TOTAL: 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Note 1: Institutional and Governmental water usage is included in the Commercial use type.

Table 4-7. Projected Demands for Water: Non-Potable (DWR 4-2R) - ADDITIONAL

DESCRIPTION

PROJECTED WATER USE
USE TYPE 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Groundwater
Recharge Raw-Water 62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500
- TOTAL: 62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500
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4.2.4.4 Future Conservation
In 2018, following the unprecedented drought, California Legislature established a framework centered on “Making Water Conservation a California Way of Life.” The goal was to help the State better prepare for droughts and climate change by establishing statewide water efficiency standards and incentivizing recycled water (California Department of Water Resources, State Water Resources Control Board, November 2018). The resulting legislation of Senate Bill 606 and Assembly Bill 1668, along with future regulations, will have impacts on water providers over the coming years, requiring indoor, outdoor, and commercial, industrial, and institutional water use goals, water loss standards, annual water budgets, and documented preparation for longterm water shortages. All the water use goals together will form a total urban water use objective specific for each water agency. The Department of Water Resources (DWR) has provided recommended standards for indoor residential water use, and other urban water use goals are currently being developed and are expected to be released in late 2021. The State Water Resources Control Board is anticipated to adopt the element that includes the total water use objective in 2022, and agencies will begin reporting their water use in accordance with their urban water use objective beginning in 2024, with compliance anticipated by 2027. Because most of the water use goals are unknown, and none has been adopted by the State, the City’s total urban water use objective is unknown and was not incorporated into the demand projections herein. However, the City is tracking the water use efficiency standards and goals and is aware it may need to implement additional conservation above what is presented in these projections to meet its total urban water use objective as mandated by the State in the future. The City is considering these higher conservation demand projections within a demand envelope in the current Metro Plan update.

4.2.5 Characteristic Five-Year Water Use
A new component of the UWMP is to prepare a five-year drought risk assessment (DRA) to evaluate water service reliability for a drought lasting five years from 2021–2025. The five-year DRA assumes potable water demand is unconstrained, and the City will continue to meet all projected potable demands. The raw water demand varies based on the availability of surface water supplies for groundwater recharge. The recycled water supply is not impacted by the drought, and recycled water demands are at normal year projections for the five-year drought.

Projected water demands for years 2021–2025 for the DRA are included in Section 7.2.

4.3 Water Use for Lower Income Households
The Fresno Council of Governments (COG) prepared an update to the Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) to cover the period of January 1, 2015–December 31, 2023. The City subsequently developed its own Housing Element based on the COG RHNA for the planning period of December 31, 2015–December 31, 2023. The City’s current Housing Element was adopted on April 13, 2017.

The City’s Housing Element specifies the City will develop 8,955 new housing units through 2023 for extremely low, very low, and low income levels (City of Fresno Development and Resource Management Department, 2017). The City’s Planning and Development Department prepares Housing Element Annual Progress Reports to report the progress of the RHNA and housing goals. The City of Fresno 2019 Housing Element Annual Progress Report details that 909 lower income units are approved or permitted (City of Fresno Planning and Development Department, Water Use Characterization Section 4
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2020). The remaining number of lower income units needed over the RHNA 2013–2023 period, when subtracting the approved and permitted units, is 8,046.

Table 4-8 includes the Housing Element identified available single-family and multifamily acres to be developed and dwelling units for Extremely Low, Very Low, Low, Moderate, and Above Moderate income levels (City of Fresno Development and Resource Management Department, 2017). This data was used to determine the number of acres of both single-family and multifamily land use that needs to be developed by 2023 to meet the remaining 8,046 lower income units target for RHNA. The identified acres needed for low-income development by 2023 was applied to the average water demand factor for single-family and multifamily land uses to project the lower income water demands through 2023 to meet RHNA, shown in Table 4-8.

Table 4-8. Lower Income Dwelling Units and Acres to be Developed through 2023 and Estimated Water Demand

FRESNO HOUSING ELEMENT

SINGLE-FAMILY

RESIDENTIAL

MULTIFAMILY

RESIDENTIAL TOTAL
Acres Available for Low-Income
Development 3,163.6 1,310.9 4,474.5
Total Dwelling Units 13,457 21,526 34,983
Dwelling Unit per Acre 4.25 16.42
Dwelling Unit Needed to Meet RHNA 3,095 4,951 8,046
Acres to be developed to Meet RHNA 727.6 301.5 1,029.1
Average Water Demand Factor (AF/ Acre) 2.54 5.13
Low-Income Demand to meet RHNA
from years 2020 – 2023 (AF) 1,847 1,545 3,392
Annual Low-Income Demand to meet
RHNA (AFY) 462 386 848
Based on the estimated low-income water demand to meet the RHNA requirements by 2023, the annual projected low-income households demand is 462 AFY for single-family residential and 386 AFY for multifamily residential. For the purposes of this plan, the current RHNA projected low-income growth and water demands was applied through the UWMP planning period of 2045 and is presented in Table 4-9. However, lower income demands beyond 2023 will be based on the next Housing Element and RHNA Update expected in 2023 and may change in the future. All housing units and associated population are included in the adopted General Plan, and the demands for these units that occur within the water service area boundaries are included in the future water demands presented in this plan.

Table 4-9. Lower Income Household Projected Water Demands LOW INCOME DEMAND 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Single-Family Residential Demand 2,308 2,308 2,308 2,308 2,308 Multifamily Residential Demand 1,932 1,932 1,932 1,932 1,932 TOTAL (AF) 4,240 4,240 4,240 4,240 4,240
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4.4 Climate Change Considerations
Climate change impacts were considered in the North Kings Groundwater Sustainability Plan (NKGSP) based on DWR’s Guidance for Climate Change Data Use during Groundwater Sustainability Plan (Department of Water Resources, 2018) and the related Sustainable Groundwater Management Act climate change website.1 As documented in the NKGSP, the DWR climate change datasets were developed for the California Water Commission’s Water Storage Investment Program (WSIP), are consistent with other DWR programs, are based on the best available science, build on previous efforts, incorporate the latest advances in projections, and follow the Climate Change Technical Advisory Group guidance (Provost & Pritchard, November 2019).

Changing precipitation and evapotranspiration (ETo) rates are expected to have the greatest impact on future demands, especially for outdoor water use. The WSIP climate change data sets estimate minimal changes to precipitation due to climate change from the historic period. The same datasets predict the ETo rate estimates with climate change will increase 3% by 2030 and up to 8% by 2070. More specifically, the ETo rate is predicted to increase the most in typically low ETo months (winter) and when irrigation is limited. The ETo rate is also predicted to be only slightly higher than historic in warmer months during the irrigation season. While higher ETo rates would increase irrigation demands, they are not anticipated to substantially impact the City’s urban water use. The climate change impacts to supply sources are discussed in the supply chapter of Section 6.8.2.1.
1 https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/sgma-climate-change-resources 5-1

CITY OF FRESNO
SBX7-7 Baseline, Targets and 2020 Compliance
Senate Bill x 7-7 (SBx7-7) was signed into law in 2009 and requires the State to achieve a 20% reduction in per capita water use by December 31, 2020, with an interim target of 10% reduction by December 31, 2015.

The legislation requires each urban water supplier to
develop and include in its Urban Water Management Plans (UWMPs) estimates of: 1) baseline daily per capita water use; 2) daily per capita water use target; 3) daily per capita water use interim target; and 4) compliance daily per capita water use. The UWMP must also include the basis for
determining the estimates, with references to supporting data.

IN THIS SECTION
• Baselines &
Targets
• 2020
Compliance
The Department of Water Resources (DWR) developed the Methodologies for Calculating Baseline and Compliance Urban Per Capita Water Use Guidebook (GPCD Methodologies Guidebook) to provide appropriate methodologies and criteria guidance (California Department of Water Resources, Feb 2016).

The baseline and 2020 per capita water use targets were calculated in the 2015 UWMP and are provided in Appendix C. There have not been significant changes in the City’s service area since 2015, thus the calculations included in the 2015 Plan are still valid for compliance in this 2020 UWMP.

SBX7-7 Baseline, Targets and 2020 Compliance Section 5
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5.1 General Requirements for Baseline and Target
Methodologies consistent with those described in the GPCD Methodologies Guidebook were used to develop baselines and targets. The selected procedure used to develop the required SBx7-7 estimates includes the following basic steps:

1. Calculate baseline water use, which is the average gross daily water use per capita, reported in gallons per capita per day (GPCD), based on gross water use and service area population for a continuous 10-year period ending no earlier than December 31, 2004.

2. Calculate urban water use target using one of the four methods described below.

3. Check and confirm the urban water use target using the five-year running average.

4. Calculate the interim urban water use target (equal to the average of the baseline and confirmed urban water use target).

5. Calculate the compliance daily per capita water use (equal to the gross daily water use per capita during the final year of the reporting period).

DWR allows the urban water supplier to choose one of four different methods to calculate the urban water use target in Step 2 above.
• Method 1 involves calculating the target based on 80% of baseline daily per capita water use and the interim target based on 90% of the baseline daily per capita water use. • Method 2 involves calculating the per capita daily water use by using the sum of performance standards applied to indoor residential use, landscaped area water use, and commercial, industrial, and institutional uses.
• Method 3 calculates the water use target as 95% of the applicable state hydrologic region target as stated in the draft 20x2020 Water Conservation Plan. • Method 4 is an approach developed by DWR that uses a spreadsheet to calculate estimated water savings factors to estimate targets.

The City selected Method 1 for determining its 2015 Interim and 2020 Final urban water use targets during the preparation of its 2010 UWMP. This selection was made after reviewing the four alternative methods available. Rather than duplicating the evaluation for this plan update, the reader is directed to Appendix I of the City’s 2010 UWMP for details, as the previous City adopted evaluation is still applicable and results in the same target method selection.

5.2 Service Area Population
The City’s 2020 service area population was estimated using the DWR Population Tool consistent with DWR Methodology 3 (Service Area Population) and the 2015 UWMP. Shapefiles of the City’s water service area were loaded into the DWR Population Tool along with available residential service connection numbers to develop service area populations for the corresponding census years. The DWR Population Tool, provided in Appendix F, estimated the City’s water service area population is 550,217. The DWR Population Tool provides a population based on the 2000 and 2010 census data and, published effective as of April 1 of the census year, the water service area during each census year and the number of water service connections. For the 2020 population, the number of services from December 31, 2020, was used, and the 550,217 population is estimated as of the end of 2020.

SBX7-7 Baseline, Targets and 2020 Compliance Section 5
City of Fresno
July 2021 5-3
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

5.3 Gross Water Use
The City’s gross water use is comprised of surface water contracted for delivery of allocated supplies from USBR and FID and groundwater produced by its municipal wells. The basis of gross water use are the meters installed at the City’s North Fresno Wastewater Reclamation Facility, Southeast Surface Water Treatment Facility, and T-3 Water Storage and modular Surface Water Treatment Facility, and each of its municipal groundwater wells, which are equipped with flow meters. DWR Methodology 1 (gross water use) provides the opportunity to make adjustments and deductions in the reported gross water use for factors such as: meter errors, changes in distribution storage, indirect recycled water use, agricultural water use, and process water use. The City’s gross water use has not been adjusted for any of these factors.

Therefore, the total water use shown in Table 4-2 is the City’s gross water use.

5.4 Baselines and Target Summary
The City’s 2015 UWMP reviewed and updated the 10-year and five-year Baseline Daily Per Capita Water Use and 2020 Target, included in Table 5-1. The continuous time period used in the 2015 UWMP for the 10-year baseline period is 1999–2008 and has an associated average daily per capita water use of 309 GPCD. The continuous time period that was used in the 2015 UWMP for the five-year target confirmation baseline period was 2003–2007, which has an associated average daily per capita water use of 304 GPCD. The confirmed 2020 target was established as a 20% reduction from the 10-year baseline per capita use and is 247 GPCD.

Refer to Chapter 5 of the City’s 2015 UWMP for more information on how the baselines and targets were developed.

Table 5-1. Per Capita Water Use Baseline and 2020 Target

BASELINE
PERIOD
TIME
PERIOD

AVERAGE

BASELINE GPCD
(GPCD)
CONFIRMED 2020

TARGET (GPCD)
10 Year 1999 – 2008 309
247
5 Year 2003 – 2007 304

5.5 2020 Compliance Daily Per-Capita Water Use (GPCD)
This section presents the procedure used to meet the requirements of SBx7-7 as defined in the Water Conservation Act of 2009 as incorporated into Division 6 of the California Water Code, commencing with Section 10608 of Part 2.55.

5.5.1 Meeting the 2020 Target
The determination of 2020 target compliance is based on gross water use for the 2020 calendar year, which was 121,993 acre-feet (see Table 4-2), and a service area population of 550,217 as of December 31, 2020 (see Table 3-1). The resultant actual per capita water use for the City in 2020 was 198 GPCD. As such, the City has met and exceeded the 2020 target of 247 GPCD.

The overall water usage patterns of the City have been greatly reduced due to its conservation measures and metering of all services. Prior to January 2013, nearly all of the City’s single-family residential water customers had been billed on a monthly flat rate structure; they were unaware of the water they actually used and had no real incentive to conserve water. As of January 2013, the City has completed its residential water meter program, which installed approximately SBX7-7 Baseline, Targets and 2020 Compliance Section 5
City of Fresno
July 2021 5-4
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
113,000 water meters for single-family homes. With the completion of this program, all the City’s water service connections are now metered, and the City and its customers can work more closely together to optimize water use. Since completion of the project, residential water demands have dramatically decreased. Attainment of the 2020 target has been influenced by the City’s investments in metering and the proactive conservation education and outreach to customers. These factors have played a significant role in the City’s ability to meet and surpass the 2020 target. In the future, the City will need to remain diligent in monitoring water use and continuing incentive programs to further reduce water consumption. These efforts are necessary so when the current strict reduction requirements are lifted, all water users remain diligent in avoiding unnecessary use of water and upgrade fixtures to eliminate water wasting.

5.5.2 2020 Adjustments to 2020 Gross Water Use
No extraordinary events or economic adjustments have taken place that would cause any adverse effects with regards to overall water usage. As was previously mentioned, the City did not make any adjustments to the 2020 gross water use as is permissible with Water Code 10608.24 cited above.
6-1

CITY OF FRESNO
Water Supply
Characterization
This chapter identifies and quantifies, to the extent practicable, the existing and planned sources of water supplies for the City through 2045.

The City relies on groundwater from the North Kings
Subbasin; surface water from Central Valley Project (CVP), through a contract with the United States Bureau of
Reclamation (USBR); Kings River water, through a contract with Fresno Irrigation District (FID); and recycled water.

This chapter also provides a discussion of supply
availability and reliability under normal supply conditions (normal water year), during a single dry year, and for a drought lasting five years.

IN THIS SECTION
• Groundwater
• Surface Water
• Recycled Water
• Projected
Water Supply
Water production in the City has consisted of 100% groundwater prior to the commissioning of the City’s first surface water treatment facility (SWTF) in 2004.

Since 2004, the City has invested in expanding its surface water treatment capabilities and now has three SWTFs that provide approximately half of all potable water demands in the service area.

Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-2
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

6.1 Groundwater
The City overlies the Kings Subbasin, which is part of the greater San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin. The City is one of many water purveyors that use groundwater from the Kings Subbasin. The City has a network of over 270 municipal wells and currently operates approximately 202 municipal supply wells within the Kings Subbasin. Until late 2004, the City relied solely on groundwater to meet the water demands. The City’s desire is to continue to use groundwater within a larger conjunctive use program that maximizes its existing water rights and surface water supply sources.

6.1.1 Basin Description
The Department of Water Resources (DWR) has partitioned the State into 10 major hydrologic regions (also referred to as “basins”) and then further divided each basin into subbasins. The City is located in the Kings Subbasin (DWR Groundwater Subbasin Number 5-22.08) and lies within the larger San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin in the Central Valley of California. The Kings Subbasin covers approximately 1,530 square miles (sq mi).

6.1.1.1 Basin Location
The San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin is bounded to the north by the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Sacramento Valley, to the east by the Sierra Nevada Mountains, to the south by the San Emigdio and Tehachapi Mountains, and to the west by the Coast Ranges. The Kings Subbasin, located within the southern half of the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin, is bounded to the north by the San Joaquin River, to the east by the alluvium-granite rock interface of the Sierra Nevada foothills, to the south by the southern fork of the Kings River, and to the west by the Delta-Mendota and Westside Subbasins (California Department of Water Resources, January 2006). The Kings Subbasin is split into seven Groundwater Sustainability Agency (GSA) management areas, with Fresno located in the North Kings GSA. Figure 6-1 illustrates the location of the City within the Kings Subbasin.

6.1.1.2 Area Geology
The upper several hundred feet of geology within the Kings Subbasin generally consists of highly permeable, coarse-grained deposits, which are termed older alluvium. Figure 6-2 presents an idealized hydrogeologic cross-section that illustrates the general depth of various lithologic features within the Kings Subbasin, near the City.

Coarse-grained stream channel deposits, associated with deposits by the ancestral San Joaquin and Kings Rivers, underlie much of northwest Fresno (Layer 3 and 4 in Figure 6-2). There is a laterally extensive clay layer, at an average depth of approximately 250 feet below the ground surface, beneath most of the south and southeastern portions of the City.

Below the older alluvium, to depths ranging about 600–1,200 feet below ground surface, the finer-grained sediments of the tertiary-quaternary continental deposits are typically encountered (Layer 5 in Figure 6-2). Substantial groundwater has been produced and utilized from these depths by the City. However, deeper deposits located in the southeastern and northern portions of the City have produced less groundwater.

There are also reduced deposits in the northern and eastern portions of the City, at depths generally below 700 or 800 feet, which are associated with high concentrations of iron, manganese, arsenic, hydrogen sulfide, and methane gas. Groundwater at these depths does not generally provide a significant source for municipal supply wells. <P,
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Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-4
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Figure 6-2. Kings Groundwater Subbasin Conceptual Hydrogeologic Cross-Section, Southwest-Northeast I
View to Northwest
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Primary Sources
Croft, 1969
Muir, 1977
Lettis, 1982
Page and LeBlanc, 1969
Cehrs, et. al. 1980
Wiseman, et. al: 2002b
Elevation, Mean Sea Level (Feet)
Sanger
Elevation, Mean Sea Level (Feet)
Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-5
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

6.1.1.3 Aquifer Characteristics
The aquifer beneath the City was characterized using data compiled during aquifer tests performed at the City’s production wells. As part of updating the detailed hydrogeologic evaluation, aquifer test data (pump tests) were reviewed to update the hydrogeologic analysis and evaluate the specific capacity data. The specific capacity indicates the ability of a particular well to produce water. Figure 6-3 presents the estimated specific capacity of each active well from early 2020 pump test data. As shown in the figure, the northwestern and southwestern portions of the City have wells with higher specific capacities.

6.1.2 Groundwater Management
In 2014, a three-bill legislative package was signed into law, composed of Assembly Bill 1739, Senate Bill (SB) 1168, and SB 1319, collectively known as the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) of 2014, which is codified in Section 10720 et seq. of the California Water Code. This legislation created a statutory framework for groundwater management in California that can be sustained during the planning and implementation horizon without causing undesirable results. SGMA requires governments and water agencies of “critically overdrafted” basins to reach sustainability by 2040. The Kings Subbasin was designated a critically overdrafted basin in the DWR’s Bulletin 118. The North Kings GSA is working within the SGMA framework to reach groundwater sustainability.

The City was a founding member of the North Kings GSA, which consists of the following public agencies and participating agencies:
• Fresno Irrigation District (member)
• City of Fresno (member)
• City of Clovis (member)
• City of Kerman (member)
• County of Fresno (member)
• Bakman Water Company (participating
agency)
• Biola Community Services District
(member)
• Garfield Water District (member)
• International Water District (member)
• Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District
(participating agency)
The Kings Subbasin contains seven GSAs, including the North Kings GSA, as listed below and shown in Figure 6-1:
• Central Kings GSA
• James Irrigation District GSA
• Kings River East GSA
• McMullin Area GSA
• North Kings GSA
• North Fork Kings GSA
• South Kings GSA
The seven GSAs operate cooperatively across the basin via a coordination agreement that ensures common approaches to sustainability items such as similarity of data usage and methodologies, consistent interpretations of the basin setting, and common assumptions and development of water budgets, monitoring networks, sustainable management criteria and data management systems.

The North Kings GSA prepared and submitted its GSP in January 2020 (Provost & Pritchard, November 2019) and is awaiting DWR review by January 2022.

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

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Prepared by:
0 1 in.
0 0.75 1.5 3
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US Feet
Prepared for: City of Fresno
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Legend
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1:136,886
References:

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California IV FIPS 0404 Feet Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic
Datum: North American 1983

1. Well specific capacity was provided by the City and
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Notes:

Figure 6-3. City Wells Specific Capacity
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Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-7
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
As required by SGMA, the North Kings considers six sustainability indicators:
• Chronic lowering of groundwater levels indicating significant and unreasonable depletion of supply
• Significant and unreasonable reduction of groundwater storage • Significant and unreasonable seawater intrusion
• Significant and unreasonable degraded water quality
• Significant and unreasonable land subsidence
• Depletions of interconnected surface water that have significant and unreasonable adverse impacts on beneficial uses of the surface water
Each indicator has an identified undesirable result, measurable objective, and minimum threshold. The measurable objective and minimum threshold allow the North Kings GSA to evaluate their progress for the subject indicator and determine if conditions are improving, remaining stable or degrading. The sustainability indicators of primary concern within the City are groundwater levels, groundwater storage, and groundwater quality. The methodology for the water quality indicators has been developed and the methodology is still being developed for the groundwater levels and groundwater storage indicators. A copy of the GSP is provided in Appendix G of this UWMP1.

6.1.3 Overdraft Conditions
SGMA directs DWR to identify groundwater basins and subbasins in conditions of critical overdraft. As defined by SGMA, “A basin is subject to critical overdraft when continuation of present water management practices would probably result in significant adverse overdraftrelated environmental, social, or economic impacts.” As mentioned, DWR classifies the Kings Basin as being in a state of critical overdraft in its Bulletin 118, and the future of the groundwater basin has been projected to see continued overdraft conditions.

The Kings Subbasin groundwater aquifer supplies the City, other municipalities, agriculture, and rural residential areas with a consistent source of water. Like much of the Kings Subbasin, groundwater levels beneath the City were relatively shallow at 25 feet below ground surface in 1940, prior to the start of World War II (Fresno City Water, Engineering Department, 1940). After the war, the State, including the City, began growing at a rapid rate. For the period from 1959 to 1968 it was reported groundwater levels declined at a rate of 2.8 feet per year (John Carollo Engineers, 1969). The City continued to rely on the groundwater aquifer for decades, monitoring groundwater levels continuously. Groundwater levels since 1990 have declined at a lower rate than previously. Rates of decline slowed further starting in 2004 when the Northeast Surface Water Treatment Facility (NESWTF) started operations and the City renewed focus on increasing groundwater recharge. In 2019 and 2020, surface water accounted for more than half of the total water supply in the City. With the reduced pumping due to higher reliance of surface water, the groundwater levels have begun to increase in certain areas of the City in the last few years. Figure 6-4 provides a depiction of the City’s depth to groundwater for six representative wells across the Sphere of Influence (SOI) since 1960.

The City expects to continue to operate its three SWTFs and pump groundwater at a lower rate than historically so that the groundwater basin can recover. One of the primary objectives for the City as described in its current Metro Plan is to maximize the use of available surface water 1 Available at https://www.northkingsgsa.org/groundwater-sustainability-plan/ Water Supply Characterization Section 6
July
City of Fresno
2021 6-8
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
treatment supplies to reduce overall reliance on groundwater. Additionally, as described in Chapter 4, the City plans to continue their groundwater recharge program to protect the groundwater basin. Figure 6-5 shows the active and proposed recharge basins and FID Canals Figure
the City utilizes as part of groundwater recharge program. 6-4. Time Series of Groundwater Levels at Representative Wells

6.1.4 Groundwater Quality
Groundwater within the North Kings Subbasin generally meets primary and secondary drinking water standards for municipal water use and is described as being bicarbonate type water, including calcium, magnesium, and sodium as the dominant ions (California Department of Water Resources, January 2006). Total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations rarely exceed 600 mg/L and range from 200 to 700 mg/L (California Department of Water Resources, January 2006). However, the groundwater basin has been impacted by multiple chemical contaminants that affect the City’s ability to fully utilize the groundwater basin resources without some type of Figure 6
wellhead treatment in certain areas.
-6 presents the general location of regional plumes and major point sources within the City. The primary contaminants are nitrate, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), 1,2,3- trichloropropane (1,2,3-TCP), and other volatile organic compounds like trichloroethylene (TCE) and and perchloroethylene (PCE). The City has received settlements in a number of lawsuits related to these contaminants and has constructed wellhead treatment systems and implemented blending plans for a number of wells.

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Brawley Ave
Marks Ave
Belmont Ave
Clovis Ave
Fowler Ave
McKinley Ave
California Ave
Jensen Ave
West Ave
Walnut Ave
Chestnut Ave
North Ave
Central Ave
Temperance Ave
American Ave
Elm Ave
Whitesbridge Ave/ CA-180
East Ave
Cedar Ave
Peach Ave
Shields Ave
Ashlan Ave
Shaw Ave
Bullard Ave
Herndon Ave
Nees Ave
Shepherd Ave
Behymer Ave
Copper Ave
Jameson Ave
Dickenson Ave
West Lawn Ave
Chateau Fresno Ave
Dewolf Ave
Highand Ave
McCall Ave
Del Rey Ave
Bethel Ave
Academy Ave
Fresno Yosemite
International Airport

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W:\GIS\Fresno\Metro Plan\2020 UWMP\Fresno_UWMP.aprx
Prepared by:
0 1 in.
0 0.75 1.5 3
Mi
0 3,500 7,000 14,000
US Feet
Prepared for: City of Fresno
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Legend
Groundwater Recharge Basins
FID Basin
Privately Owned Basin
City of Clovis Basin
City of Fresno Basin
RWRF Effluent Percolation Area
FMFCD Basin
FMFCD Proposed Basin
FMFCD Boundary
Wastewater Reclamation
Facility
Q3 Water Treatment Plant
FID Facilities by Capacity
Less than 35 cfs
35 - 150 cfs
150 - 350 cfs
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900 - 1500 cfs
Fresno Sphere of Influence
Fresno City Limits
Streets
1:136,886
References:

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California IV FIPS 0404 Feet Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic
Datum: North American 1983
Notes:

Figure 6-5. Groundwater Recharge System
Owner/ Operator
No. of
Basins
Total Area
(acres)
FID 25 2,900
Private Owner 8 300
City of Clovis 1 90
City of Fresno 11 450
City of Fresno RWRF --- 2,000
FMFCD (Existing) 166 8,500
FMFCD (Proposed) 12 140
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Grantland Ave
Hayes Ave
Cornelia Ave
Brawley Ave
Marks Ave
Belmont Ave
Clovis Ave
Fowler Ave
McKinley Ave
California Ave
Jensen Ave
West Ave
Walnut Ave
Chestnut Ave
North Ave
Central Ave
Temperance Ave
American Ave
Elm Ave
Whitesbridge Ave/ CA-180
East Ave
Cedar Ave
Peach Ave
Shields Ave
Ashlan Ave
Shaw Ave
Bullard Ave
Herndon Ave
Nees Ave
Shepherd Ave
Behymer Ave
Copper Ave
Jameson Ave
Dickenson Ave
West Lawn Ave
Chateau Fresno Ave
Dewolf Ave
Highand Ave
McCall Ave
Del Rey Ave
Bethel Ave
Academy Ave
Fresno Yosemite
International Airport

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

DRY CREEK
180
168
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Legend
Nitrate-Nitrogen Contamination and
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5 mg/L
10 mg/L
DBCP Contamination and
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0.02 ppb

0.05 ppb

0.1 ppb

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Streets
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References:

1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 StatePlane California IV FIPS 0404 Feet Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic
Datum: North American 1983

1.A list of wells with treatment was provided by the City as of September 2020. Some wells share treatment and
convey water via a raw water pipeline to another well's treatment site. Wellhead treatment types includes activated carbon for VOC/SOCs, air stripping for VOCs, blending,
degassing tank, corrosion control treatment, H2S odor
control, and manganese treatment, or a combination of
such.

Notes:

Figure 6-6. Regional Groundwater
Contamination
SE Quadrant
SW Quadrant
NW Quadrant NE Quadrant
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Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-11
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Approximately 40 City wells are being treated for contaminants such as PCE, DBCP, TCE, 1,2,3- TCP, perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, ethylene dibromide, and nitrate, and an additional 20 wells include treatment for iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide removal or corrosion control.

As shown in the figure, extensive groundwater contamination nearly covers the City’s entire water service area; only areas located in the northwest appear to be relatively unaffected by regional groundwater contamination. Also, many of the City’s wells are impacted by one or more of the contaminant plumes (indicated by the presence of overlapping plumes on the figure). The figure also shows the approximately 93 existing active wells that are impacted by at least one contaminant plume and the 60 existing wells with wellhead treatment. The City is also managing contamination from spreading by pumping specific wells to control the plumes.

6.1.5 Estimated Groundwater Yield
As part of the ongoing Metro Plan update, the City is developing a storage accounting framework to estimate groundwater yield. The storage framework will track the City’s groundwater recharge, pumping, and flows into and out of the City’s SOI and incorporate bi-annual monitoring well water level readings on a grid basis. This work is ongoing, and the City reserves the right to update this analysis with more recent data when available.

Currently, the best available information on the City’s groundwater yield is from a hydrologic groundwater and surface water model that was prepared for the Upper Kings Basin Integrated Regional Water Management Authority. The City contributed additional funding to the effort so the model would be more refined for its service area and capable of assisting in the development of the City’s previous Metro Plan. The Kings Basin Integrated Groundwater and Surface Water Model (IGSM) was completed in 2007 and provided outputs specific to the City SOI (WRIME, 2007). The IGSM was developed and calibrated utilizing data for the period of 1964–2004.

Building off the calibrated IGSM, additional modeling was conducted in 2008 to evaluate the City’s proposed water supply plan and its ability to attain the balanced use of groundwater by the buildout year of 2025. The estimated groundwater yield within the City’s SOI presented in this section is based on the modeling efforts to establish the various natural elements of the underlying aquifer.

6.1.5.1 Natural Recharge
As a result of the IGSM effort, the long-term average deep percolation from rainfall and irrigationapplied water for the period of 1964–2004 was found to be 42,700 acre-feet per year (AFY) for the entire SOI (West Yost Associates, January 2014). However, as urbanization continues within the SOI, the amount of deep percolation will decline because of increased runoff and less open land for natural recharge. For 2005, it was estimated deep percolation would be about 37,000 AFY and would reduce annually, ultimately declining to and remaining at 27,000 AFY by buildout in 2025. The new General Plan now anticipates SOI buildout will occur in 2056. Holding the 2005 value of 37,000 AFY and extending the 27,000 AFY to 2056, intermediate values were straightline interpolated. Additionally, the City currently covers 73,500 acres of the 100,277 acres within its SOI, representing 73% urbanization, which would approximate the City’s water system service area. Table 6-1 shows estimated natural recharge through 2045.

6.1.5.2 Net Subsurface Inflow
Again, utilizing information developed from the IGSM, average net subsurface inflow into the SOI was characterized as being 64,800 AF annually for the period of 1964–2004. Applying the Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-12
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
previously described 73% proportioning factor of the developed SOI area to overall SOI area, approximately 47,510 AFY would be attributed to the City’s water service area in 2020. This value will increase in future years as the City annexes more land until the SOI is built out. Table 6-1 shows the estimated subsurface inflows for future years based on the land use growth presented in Figure 4-3. The City has historically benefitted from the net subsurface inflows and requires these flows for replenishment necessary to maintain the sustainable yield of the groundwater aquifer system.

6.1.5.3 Intentional Groundwater Recharge
The City has long made efforts toward offsetting the decline of groundwater levels and minimizing overdraft conditions through an active intentional recharge program that started in 1971 (CH2MHill, 1992). Through cooperative agreements with Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District (FMFCD) and FID, the City has access to not only City-owned basins, but also those of these two agencies. Utilizing available surface water supplies, the City recharged on average approximately 60,000 AFY from 2000–2019; however, with the reduction in available surface water supplies, intentional recharge declined to 34,700 AF in 2014 and 19,800 AF in 2015, followed by an increase in recharge in years 2016, 2017, and 2019 to help replenish the aquifer. In 2019, City recharge of 82,993 AF was the maximum annual recharge attained during this period. The City has averaged over 60,000 AFY the previous five years and plans to gradually increase recharge by about 540 AFY each year. However, during wet years the City will recharge more water when it is available to allow to the City to draw on additional groundwater during dry years when surface water is not available. Intentional recharge is included in the non-potable demand projections as well as contributing to the estimated groundwater yield presented in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1. Components to Groundwater Yield for Normal Years

GROUNDWATER COMPONENT

QUANTITY (AFY)
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Natural Recharge1 24,970 25,480 25,910 26,280 26,570 26,790 Net Subsurface Inflow1 47,510 49,910 52,320 54,720 57,120 59,530 SUSTAINABLE YIELD 72,480 75,390 78,230 81,000 83,690 86,320 Intentional Recharge2 60,000 62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500

TOTAL ESTIMATED
GROUNDWATER YIELD 132,480 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820 Notes:

1. Based on the Kings Basin IGSM and projected City land growth from Figure 4-3 as discussed in Section 3.1.1.

2. Projected normal year intentional recharge from Table 4-7.

Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-13
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

6.1.6 Historic Groundwater Pumping
The City has historically relied on groundwater as its main supply source prior to the construction of its SWTFs. With the recent investments in surface water infrastructure, the City has been able to drastically reduce its groundwater pumping. Figure 6-7 shows the historic groundwater pumping since 2003. As shown, pumping has dropped significantly since 2003, the City’s peak year for groundwater production.

Figure 6-7. Historic Groundwater Production

6.2 Surface Water
With the completion and operation of the Southeast Surface Water Treatment Facility (SESWTF), surface water is now a primary water supply used to meet potable demands within the City. The City contracts with FID for Kings River water and with the USBR for CVP water from the Friant-Kern Canal. The surface water supply is used either for potable uses through treatment and distribution or delivery to recharge basins for groundwater recharge.

The Kings River water year (WY) is October through September while USBR uses a WY of March through February. The City has historically used a calendar year (CY) for its analysis, so monthly water supply information was compiled in CY format for this report.

6.2.1 USBR Friant Division Contract Supply
The City, through an agreement originally executed in January 1961, secured a surface water supply from USBR CVP Friant Division. This agreement, for an annual water supply of 60,000 AF of Class 1 water, was last renewed in 2010 as a Section 9(d) contract that provides water from the San Joaquin River in perpetuity. A copy of the renewed contract is provided in 165,200 160,000 141,500 136,000 146,300 148,700 138,200 128,600 119,900 119,500 123,200 106,800 82,500 99,100 105,200 76,800 54,600 55,000 0 20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
Groundwater Production (AF)
Year
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9.60.68068 N. 5 O) ( N 1 (V c c ( g & c c O A N 1 . . . . . . O C C X o G AA K .0 09 . # # # 00 o .9 09 o q q . O
Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-14
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix H of this UWMP. The USBR CVP Friant Division facilities generally include: Friant Dam (Millerton Reservoir), the Friant-Kern Canal, and the Madera Canal. The Friant-Kern Canal is maintained and operated by the Friant Water Authority. The USBR water supply is a wholesale supply.

Construction of Friant Dam was completed in 1947 and began making diversions to the FriantKern Canal in 1949. Full operations of the CVP Friant Division did not commence until the Madera Canal was completed in 1951. Class 1 water was intended to be a supply that would be dependable in practically every year, regardless of the type of hydrologic WY. Class 2 water is essentially excess water available as determined by USBR and less reliable than Class 1 water.

Class 1 water has historically been very reliable until the 2006 San Joaquin River Restoration Settlement Agreement between the Department of the Interior and Commerce, the Natural Resources Defense Council, and the Friant Water Users Authority (which is now the Friant Water Authority). The City is a member of the Friant Water Authority. The Settlement ended an 18-year legal dispute over the operation of Friant Dam brought by a coalition of conservation and fishing groups. The agreement characterized Class 1 deliveries by six hydrologic year types based on a recurrence over an 82-year simulation (1922–2003): wet, normal-wet, normal-dry, dry, criticalhigh, critical-low. The projected surface water available for the City from USBR during each hydrologic year defined by the 2006 Settlement Agreement is summarized in Table 6-2. As shown in the table, the average simulated delivery is 53,680 AFY and the median simulated delivery, which is similar to normal year delivery, is 60,000 AFY. The median value is higher than the average value because 100% allocation of 60,000 AF is simulated in 50 of 82 years but the dry and critical years result in substantial reductions, which bring down the average allocation.

The Settlement Agreement estimates the reduced supply available to the City compared to historic supplies, most evident in dry years. Restrictions on exports from the Delta have hindered the USBR from making deliveries to the Exchange Contractors via the Delta-Mendota Canal.

The Exchange Contractors allowed the formation of the CVP Friant Division by agreeing to not exercise their historic pre-1914 water rights to the San Joaquin and Kings Rivers if guaranteed water deliveries continued through the Delta-Mendota Canal or other facilities. If USBR is unable to deliver water to the Exchange Contractors, they have the right to receive their water from the San Joaquin River, which reduces the Class 1 water availability (History of SJRECWA Exchange Contractors, n.d.).

Reduced deliveries from the Delta to the Exchange Contractors resulted in the CVP Friant Division contractors with zero allocations of Class 1 water in USBR WY 2014 and 2015, though the City received USBR deliveries in CY 2014 (prior to the USBR WY starting in March). Annual USBR deliveries since 2007 are shown in Figure 6-8 for CY. The availability and reliability of the City’s surface water supplies through its USBR contract are discussed further in Chapter 7.

Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-15
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Table 6-2. Available USBR Simulated Allocation (1922–2003) WATER

YEAR TYPE
% OF YEARS OVER

SIMULATION
PERIOD
OF DELIVERIES (1)

NUMBER OF

YEARS IN
THAT

YEAR TYPE

RANGE OF

ALLOCATION

TO CITY (AF)

AVERAGE

ALLOCATION

TO CITY (AF)
Wet Highest 20% 16 60,000 60,000
Normal-Wet 50% to 80% 25 60,000 60,000
Normal-Dry 20% to 50% 25 47,500 to 60,000 57,060
Dry 5% to 20% 12 28,100 to 46,800 36,575
Critical(2) Lowest 5% 4 13,900 to 24,700 19,025
TOTAL 82
AVERAGE 53,680
MEDIAN 60,000
Source: 2006 Settlement Agreement
Notes:

1. As defined in 2006 Settlement Agreement

2. Includes both critical-high and critical-low, which are differentiated by the amount of unimpaired runoff. The simulation uses deliveries through 2006 and does not include the zero allocation years in 2014 and 2015.

Figure 6-8. USBR Deliveries to City Since 2007
39,342
59,450
49,776
60,86459,625
24,492
7,902
12,954
0 47,678
62,919
58,220
0 10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 AFY
Calendar Year
Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-16
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
In addition to the Class 1 water available to the City, the USBR contract also makes available water classified as: recovered water account water; Section 215 water; and unreleased restoration flows, unreleased recirculation flows, and uncontrolled season flows. The complexities of each water type are beyond the scope of this report but are mentioned here to reflect the other water acquisition opportunities afforded to the City through this contract.

The San Joaquin River water supply has excellent water quality as it originates from snowmelt from the high Sierras and has not been detrimentally impacted.

6.2.2 Fresno Irrigation District Supply
FID is one of 28 agencies that receives an entitlement of water from the Kings River through the Kings River Water Association. Water entitlements for Kings River Water Association contract members is determined based on a methodology that was initially developed in 1917–1919 to established entitlements for early claimed rights holders. The methodology was based on historic mean daily natural flow conditions at Piedra, which is approximately three miles downstream from the then yet to be built Pine Flat Dam and “at the heart of Kings River uses, regulation, and stream control and storage.” (Kings River Water Association and Kings River Conservation District, June 2003)
On December 20, 2016, the Revised, Amended, and Restated Cooperative Agreement was executed between FID and the City for Water Utilization and Conveyance (2016 FID Agreement) (Appendix I). The 2016 FID Agreement replaces the 1976 Cooperative Agreement and ends in 2035. The Agreement identifies the City’s contracted percentage of FID’s Kings River water based on the City’s water service area located within FID service area as a percentage of the FID land area. FID land area varies slightly every year because it is dependent on the acreage receiving water deliveries for that year rather than the total acreage within FID (roughly 200,000 acres). As the City incorporates new land area into its service area, the percentage of FID supply increases. However, the 2016 FID Agreement sets the maximum percentage as 29.0%, although the City’s service area is anticipated to expand and encompass more than 29.0% of FID’s service area between 2025 and 2030. In 2020, the City’s percentage of overall FID Kings deliveries was

25.79%. The FID Agreement identifies that the 29.0% maximum was based on moderate growth in Growth Area 1 of the City’s SOI (shown in Exhibit C in the 2016 Agreement). As such, the supply projections in this plan limit the City’s FID supply with the 29.0% cap, but if the agreement were revised in the future the City’s FID allocation percentage could grow beyond 29.0% as the water service area expands.

The City has historically not used all of its available allocation in any given year, although it pays a flat rate for its total allocation regardless of use. Water unused by the City is reallocated by FID to its other customers.

The City’s potential supply from FID was summarized using actual Kings River deliveries for CYs 1964–2019, then categorized by the same WY types used for the USBR Friant supply. The range and average FID deliveries by WY type is shown in Table 6-3. The average of all 56 CY delivery totals of FID Kings River deliveries is 452,541 AF, which equates to an average potential City supply of 131,237 AF, assuming the maximum 29.0% City supply percentage. Table 6-4 lists the historic and projected allocation of FID’s Kings River water for the City in normal (average) CYs. The City percentage of FID supplies was estimated assuming the City’s water service area will grow from 59,100 acres to 84,300 acres by buildout at the rate shown in Figure 4-3.

Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-17
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Table 6-3. FID Diversions by Water Year Type (1964 to 2019) WATER

YEAR TYPE
% OF
YEARS(1)
NUMBER

OF YEARS

BETWEEN
1964 AND
2019
TOTAL FID DELIVERIES (AF)(2) EXAMPLE

AVERAGE

AVAILABLE
TO CITY RANGE AVERAGE (3)
Wet Highest 20% 11 563,500 to 644,600 590,700 171,300
Normal-Wet 50% to 80% 17 452,800 to 563,300 513,700 149,000 Normal-Dry 20% to 50% 17 362,600 to 448,000 415,000 120,400 Dry 5% to 20% 8 253,700 to 362,000 315,700 91,600
Critical Lowest 5% 3 158,100 to 253,300 210,200 61,000
56 AVERAGE 453,800 131,600
Notes:

1. As defined in 2006 Settlement Agreement

2. Assigns water year type defined in defined in 2006 Settlement Agreement to FID deliveries from 1964 to 2019

3. Based on maximum 29.0% City supply percentage to provide an example City supply amount
Table 6-4. Projected FID Kings River Allocation for City, Normal Years YEAR

PROJECTED TOTAL

FID ALLOCATION, AFY

PROJECTED ALLOCATION
TO CITY, AFY1
2025 27.55% 125,030
2030 29.00% 131,600
2035 29.00% 131,600
2040 29.00% 131,600
2045 29.00% 131,600
1Projected City Allocation (%) x 453,800 AFY (estimated normal year diversion by FID, per Table 6-3)

6.3 Stormwater
The Fresno-Clovis Metropolitan Area and surrounding rural vicinities are within the service area boundaries of the FMFCD, which has primary responsibility for managing the local stormwater flows. Most stormwater in the City drains to urban stormwater basins, where the water is retained to attenuate peak flow runoff and recharge stormwater, or is pumped to local irrigation canals for conveyance away from the municipal areas. FMFCD’s operation of stormwater basins is predicated on maintaining storage capacity for rain events, which limits accessibility for recharge activities during the rainy season. FMFCD estimates the amount of stormwater that is recharged each wet season. However, recharge attained with the FMFCD basins largely occurs in May Water Supply Characterization Section 6
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July 2021 6-18
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan
through October when limited storage capacity is required. Dry-season recharge is accomplished by diverting surface waters, from the Kings River and Millerton Reservoir, using City-allocated surface water. It is difficult to estimate stormwater recharge volumes as there is no physical measurement of stormwater flows into the basins, and infiltration rates can vary with water elevation and degree of siltation in the basin. However, FMFCD estimates that stormwater recharge in urban basins during the winter months may range from 7,000 AF/yr to 22,200 AF/yr.

Stormwater capture and infiltration are considered an integral component of natural groundwater recharge discussed in Section 6.1.5.1.

6.4 Wastewater and Recycled Water

6.4.1 Recycled Water Coordination
The City is currently expanding its recycled water supplies to increase offset use of potable water for landscape irrigation. In 2010, the City completed a Recycled Water Master Plan (adopted by the City Council in 2013) to evaluate and plan for increased recycled water use in the City. The City’s last Metro Plan, adopted in 2014, also outlined projects to increase the use of recycled water to offset potable demands (Carollo, 2010). The City is currently updating the Metro Plan and will reevaluate recommendations and projects to increase recycled water use.

The City owns and operates two water reclamation facilities: 1) the Fresno-Clovis Regional Wastewater Reclamation Facility (RWRF) and 2) the North Fresno Wastewater Reclamation Facility (NFWRF), both of which can produce Title 22 recycled water for use within the City’s service area. They are described further in Section 6.4.3.

Coordination with other water agencies and potential consumers within the planning area is inherently within the purview of the City’s Department of Public Utilities (DPU) as this department provides both water and wastewater services. DPU has been on the forefront of numerous water supply preservation, enhancement, and development projects and programs for decades. The concept of multiagency coordination is fully embraced by the department as is evident with the previously discussed joint agency agreements and the commitment to construct new infrastructure to further develop new resources. The endeavor to develop recycled water as a resource was a requirement of a development in north Fresno, where the developer was conditioned to have a net zero impact on water resources. The fundamental component of this development was the construction and dedication of the NFWRF to the City.

There are only a few agencies, besides the City, that have wastewater collection and treatment facilities within and immediately adjacent to the plan area. These agencies include:

Collection Treatment
City of Clovis X X
Malaga County Water District X X
Pinedale County Water District X -
Pinedale Public Utility District X -
As the City is the primary responsible agency for wastewater collection and treatment for its annexed areas and certain County islands, it has taken the lead role of developing and implementing recycled water facilities to serve the same area.

Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-19
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6.4.1.1 City of Clovis
The RWRF was developed under a Joint Powers Authority agreement executed in 1977 among the City of Fresno, the City of Clovis, and the County of Fresno. Both of the cities contribute to the cost of operations and maintenances and capital expenditures for the RWRF based on formulas in the agreement. This facility provides service for most of Clovis’ sewer flows.

The City of Clovis recently constructed its own wastewater treatment facility that produces tertiary level effluent and is distributed in a dedicated purple pipe system within portions of its service area.

6.4.1.2 County of Fresno
The County of Fresno, like the City of Clovis, is a party to the RWRF Joint Powers Authority for treatment of flows from unincorporated areas encompassed by the City’s service area.

6.4.1.3 Malaga County Water District
Malaga County Water District provides water and sewer service to an unincorporated county area of about 2.25 sq mi, which covers a small portion of the City’s SOI. The district provides wastewater collection and treatment for residential and non-residential customers.

6.4.1.4 Pinedale County Water District
Pinedale County Water District provides water, sewer, and solid waste service to an area of about 2 sq mi, which service area covers an unincorporated County island and a portion of the City. The district provides wastewater collection to an area of 699 acres and diverts the flow to the City’s collection system for treatment at the RWRF.

6.4.1.5 Pinedale Public Utility District
Pinedale Public Utility District provides wastewater, street lighting, street sweeping, and landscape maintenance. The district services an area of 362 acres in the northern portion of the City, serving both an unincorporated County island and portions of the City. The collected wastewater is diverted to the City’s collection system for treatment at the RWRF.

6.4.2 Wastewater Collection, Treatment, and Disposal
The City’s wastewater collection system was originally developed in 1891 with the installation of a 24-inch outfall sewer that discharged to a 40-acre sewer farm located southwest of town. The amount of land and facilities at this location continued to be expanded as the City grew over the years. Today, the City’s wastewater collection system consists of about 1,630 miles of pipes ranging in size from 4 inches in diameter to 84 inches in diameter. This collection system also utilizes 15 lift stations throughout the City, ranging in pumping capacity from 0.25 mgd to 2.2 mgd.

6.4.2.1 Wastewater Treatment and Discharge Within Service Area The City is served by two wastewater treatment plants, briefly described below.

Fresno-Clovis Regional Wastewater Reclamation Facility
The RWRF has developed from what was once a sewer farm to what is now a state-of-the-art wastewater treatment facility. In 1966, the City of Fresno was appointed the sewering agency Water Supply Characterization Section 6
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July 2021 6-20
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for the local metropolitan region and shortly after began long-range planning and construction of new facilities to handle increasing flows and regulatory requirements. The RWRF treats flows from not only the City, but also sewered County areas (some county areas remain unsewered), the City of Clovis, Pinedale County Water District, and Pinedale Public Utility District.

Flows received at this facility peaked at 81,100 AF in 2006 and have been steadily decreasing since, with the average influent flow about 63,000 AF over the last five years. The RWRF includes preliminary, primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment units with disinfection.

Secondary treatment consists of three treatment trains with an annual average capacity of 87 mgd, consisting of 30 mgd for Train A and 57 mgd for Trains B and C combined. In 2017, a 5- mgd tertiary treatment system — the Tertiary Treatment and Disinfection Facility (TTDF) — was completed. The system can be expanded to 15 mgd and ultimately to 30 mgd.

The City has three primary means of effluent disposal:

1. Undisinfected secondary effluent to on-site and off-site farmland for restricted irrigation

2. Undisinfected secondary effluent to percolation ponds

3. Disinfected tertiary effluent to the recycled water distribution system The percolated effluent has been deemed equivalent to Title 22 tertiary treated water by the State Water Resources Control Board Department of Drinking Water (DDW). The City has been extracting this water for reuse in areas within and surrounding the RWRF, as well as to FID’s canals, through an exchange agreement for delivery to FID agricultural customers.

The discharged effluent is within the City boundaries and located just southwest of the metropolitan area. The treated effluent percolation ponds are within the City’s SOI and hydrologic sphere that benefit the City’s overall regional water budget. See Figure 3-1 for a depiction of the facility’s location relative to the metropolitan area.

North Fresno Wastewater Reclamation Facility
The NFWRF was constructed as part of a residential, commercial, and golf course master planned development located in the northern portion of the City. As a condition of the planned community, the developer was required to construct a wastewater treatment facility that would produce tertiary level effluent for use within the development to ensure the overall project had a net zero impact on water resources. This facility is presently rated at 0.71 mgd (average monthly flow) and 1.07 mgd (maximum daily flow). However, the ultraviolet (UV) light disinfection system was only validated for 300 gpm (0.43 mgd), which is the current flow limit until the DDW approves a higher flow. This facility is expandable to 1.25 mgd (average monthly flow). The disinfected tertiary effluent from the plant is largely used to irrigate the Copper River Ranch Golf Course. Of the 325 AF of wastewater treated in 2020, 54 AF was used for irrigation of turf. Treated but unused effluent is diverted to the City’s collection system to the RWRF.

6.4.3 Recycled Water System Description
The 2014 Metro Plan recommended expanding reuse by: 1) using the NFWRF effluent to irrigate Copper River Ranch Golf Course; and 2) up to 25,000 AFY of recycled water for landscape irrigation or other non-potable uses from the RWRF or new satellite WRFs. Since then, the City has irrigated the Copper River Ranch Golf Course with recycled water and has constructed much of the southwest recycled water distribution system. However, the City is currently updating the Metro Plan and reevaluating the target volume of reuse in the City beyond the southwest system Water Supply Characterization Section 6
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July 2021 6-21
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considering new conditions and regulations, including the potential for potable reuse in the future.

6.4.3.1 Fresno-Clovis Regional Wastewater Reclamation Facility As mentioned above, the RWRF produces undisinfected secondary effluent for restricted irrigation to on-site and off-site farmlands and disinfected tertiary treated effluent for the recycled water distribution system.

The City’s RWRF diverts a portion of the undisinfected secondary effluent to irrigate non-food crops grown adjacent to this facility. The practice of using the secondary effluent to irrigate nonfood crops has been carried-out for decades and is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. The City owns nearly 3,300 acres of land for and around the RWRF, consisting of percolation ponds (1,750 acres) and other land available to farm non-food crops. Table 6-5 provides the annual quantities of recycled water applied to these crops for the period from 2015– 2019.

Additionally, the RWRF produces Title 22 disinfected tertiary treated effluent through the TTDF completed in 2017 and through tertiary equivalent soil aquifer treated recycled water recovered from the percolated secondary effluent. A series of 15 groundwater wells located at the RWRF are used to extract previously percolated effluent groundwater from beneath the facility. The extracted groundwater has the potential to be used for higher beneficial use if it can be demonstrated this water has attained a level of treatment satisfactory to meet disinfected tertiary levels. The City embarked on a joint project with the WateReuse Research Foundation to demonstrate to State regulatory agencies the soil aquifer treated recycled water met Title 22 levels. The culmination of this study is presented in a final report entitled “Demonstration of Filtration and Disinfection Compliance Through Soil-Aquifer Treatment,” which was completed in 2013 (WateReuse Research Foundation, 2013). This study concluded that, based on the documented sampled water quality data, the extracted groundwater met requirements for classification as disinfected tertiary level recycled water. The SWRCB DDW stated that the percolated effluent water meets the tertiary treatment classification, and the City is making plans for its use as part of its recycled water production and distribution system (California Regional Water Qulaity Control Board, 2018). The combined rated production yield of the 15 wells, if run year-round, would be approximately 32,000 AFY. The City plans to blend the recycled extraction well water with the disinfected tertiary level recycled water produced from the 5 mgd TTDF to feed the southwest recycled water distribution system. As new sales grow for the recycled water, additional recycled extraction well water will be utilized to feed the City’s southwest recycled water system.

The tertiary equivalent soil aquifer treated recycled water (recovered groundwater) is also used for on-site irrigation and transport to FID canals for delivery to customers during the irrigation season, as facilitated through an exchange agreement with FID. More information on the City’s FID RWRF Exchange Agreement is discussed in Section 6.6.

Since the completion of the 2010 Recycled Water Master Plan (RWMP), the City has constructed most of the southwest recycled water system, shown in Figure 6-9. The southwest recycled water system consists of a 3.2 MG recycled water reservoir located at the RWRF, a 6,000 gpm (8.64 mgd) recycled water pump station located at the RWRF, a 640-gpm booster pump station (Roeding Park Booster), and 15.7 miles of 10-inch to 54-inch recycled water pipeline. Roughly

7.5 miles of pipeline remain to be constructed. The City also updated the demand and distribution system from the 2010 RWMP with the 2019 Citywide Recycled Water Demand and Southwest Water Supply Characterization Section 6
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July 2021 6-22
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Recycled Water System Analysis (Carollo, 2019) to identify potential recycled water customers.

This recent analysis will be incorporated into the latest Metro Plan update.

6.4.3.2 North Fresno Water Reclamation Facility
As described earlier, the City has an existing recycled water plant in the northern portion of the City that receives and treats sewage from the residential, commercial, and golf course master planned community. The NFWRF was constructed in 2008 but was not fully operational until 2009 due to the inability to properly run at extremely low flow conditions. Subsequent modifications at the plant allowed it to run on a regular basis in 2010 and again in 2014 for UV approval. The amount of reuse has varied substantially since 2016 because the delivery system was offline in 2017 and 2018 for treated water basin slope repairs. City staff indicated that 2016 is representative of operations going forward. The disinfected tertiary effluent is conveyed in a dedicated pipeline to an adjacent golf course for irrigation purposes. The quantities used for irrigation purposes are shown in Table 6-5 for the period of 2015–2019.

Table 6-5. Historic Recycled Water Used Within Service Area

RECYCLE WATER FACILITY

QUANTITY (AFY)
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
RWRF, Secondary Effluent
(Non-Food Crop Irrigation) 8,688 7,329 4,540 7,031 3,652 3,845 RWRF, Tertiary Effluent 531 485 423 867 912 858
NFWRF 62 110 0 0 19 54
TOTAL 9,281 7,924 4,963 7,898 4,583 4,757
Note: Reuse at the NFWRF was zero in 2017 and 2018 because the recycled water delivery system was offline for system repairs.

6.4.4 Potential, Current, and Projected Recycled Water Uses The 2020 actual recycled water use, and projected recycled water use in the City’s service area is included in Table 6-6. Secondary undisinfected reuse is projected to continue to be used to irrigate non-food crops adjacent to the RWRF in the future. The projected secondary undisinfected use going forward is based on the average use from 2015 to 2020. Additionally, the amount of tertiary recycled water from the RWRF is projected to increase to provide 6,210 AF for landscape and agricultural irrigation as the southwest recycled water system is built out.

Projected tertiary recycled water from the NFWRF for golf course irrigation is projected to be 110 AF annually through 2045.

The 2015 UWMP anticipated that 21,200 AFY of recycled water would be produced and utilized in 2020. The previous projected increases in recycled water were based on recommendations from the 2010 RWMP, which included projects to increase recycled water use for landscape irrigation, agricultural irrigation, industrial use, and blending with raw surface water for groundwater recharge. Since the 2010 RWMP, the City has focused on constructing the southwest recycled water system to increase landscape and agricultural irrigation in the southwest portion of the City. The City is also currently updating the Metro Plan that is evaluating recycled water alternatives in the City and is expected to update its RWMP following the Metro Plan update to serve as a new guiding planning document for recycled water use by the City.

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2. Figure recreated from Figure 7 Potential Southwest Recycled Water Users from the 2019 City Wide Recycled Water Demand and Southwest Recycled Water System Analysis prepared by Carollo Engineers, Inc.

Notes:

Figure 6-9. Southwest Recycled Water System
Customer
ID Customer Name
MDD
(gpm)
PHD
(gpm)
Hours of
Irrigation
Customer
ID Customer Name
MDD
(gpm)
PHD
(gpm)
Hours of
Irrigation
1 Quist Farms 1,300.0 1,300.0 24 27 Veteran's Memorial 27.7 83.0 8 2 Fresno Memorial Gardens 131.0 450.0 7 28 City Hall 27.7 83.0 8 3 Roeding Park 267.0 640.0 10 29 AmeriPride 67.3 202.0 8 4 Peelman Farms 650.0 650.0 24 30 Courthouse Park 116.7 350.0 8 5 Peelman Farms 650.0 650.0 24 31 Communty Regional 173.0 519.0 8 6 St Peters Cemetery 152.7 458.2 8 32 Chukchansi Park 59.3 178.0 8 7 Westside Auto 8.0 30.0 6 33 Caltrans 41/H 16.7 50.0 8 8-10 Multiple Cemeteries 225.8 677.2 8 34 McKinley Elem 66.7 200.0 8 11-12 Caltrans-99 100.0 300.0 8 35 El Capitan Middle 83.3 250.0 8 13-16 Multiple Cemeteries 225.8 677.2 8 36 Polk Elem 74.7 224.0 8 17 Masis Ararat Cemetery 80.0 240.0 8 37 Madison Elem 56.1 168.3 8 18 Belmont Memorial Park 172.3 517.0 8 38 King Elem 44.3 101.6 8 19 Caltrans 180/ Hughs 33.3 100.0 8 39 Gaston Middle 87.5 350.0 8 20 Caltrans 180/ Fruit 16.7 50.0 8 40 Computech Middle 63.0 245.5 8 21 Fink-White Park 61.0 183.0 8 41 Edison High 43.7 166.0 8 22 Caltrans 99/ Amador 16.7 50.0 8 42 Fresno City College 639.4 871.9 24 23 Columbia Elem 44.3 133.0 8 43 Hinton Park 19.3 58.0 8 24 Frank Ball Park 19.3 58.0 8 44 Oasis Residential Development 210.5 631.5 8 25 Kearney Triangle 18.3 55.0 8
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Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-24
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Table 6-6. Recycled Water within Service Area in 2020 (DWR 6-4R) The supplier will complete the table.

Name of Supplier Producing (Treating) the Recycled Water: City of Fresno Name of Supplier Operating the Recycled Water Distribution System: City of Fresno Supplemental Volume of Water Added in 2020: 0%
Source of 2020 Supplemental Water: N/A

BENEFICIAL USE TYPE

POTENTIAL

BENEFICIAL USES

OF RECYCLED
WATER

AMOUNT OF

POTENTIAL USES

OF RECYCLED
WATER

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
OF 2020 USES LEVEL OF TREATMENT 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 Agricultural Irrigation1 Non-foodcrop
irrigation 7,900 Irrigate non-food crops Secondary, Undisinfected 3,845 7,900 7,900 7,900 7,900 7,900 Landscape Irrigation
(excludes golf courses) Landscape Irrigation 5,800
Landscape irrigation, distributed
through the southwest recycled
water distribution system
Tertiary 858 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800
Agricultural Irrigation1 Food crop irrigation 410
Irrigate limited food crops,
distributed through the southwest
recycled water distribution system
Tertiary - 410 410 410 410 410
Golf Course Irrigation Landscape Irrigation 110 Copper River Golf Course Tertiary 54 110 110 110 110 110 - Total: 4,757 14,220 14,220 14,220 14,220 14,220
Note:

1. Recycled water for agricultural irrigation does not offset the City’s potable water demands, and as such, is excluded from projected recycled water in subsequent tables.

Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-25
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

6.4.5 Actions to Encourage and Optimize Future Recycled Water Use The 2010 RWMP identified the need for the City to adopt an ordinance to establish a recycled water policy and criteria for its use within the City’s SOI. On July 14, 2014, the Recycled Water Ordinance was adopted by the City Council, laying the foundation for the expanded use of recycled water within the City.

The focus of the ordinance includes the following:
• Establish an Administrative Authority.
• Establish approved uses of recycled water.
• Define areas of potential eligibility for recycled water service. • Specify voluntary uses of recycled water, depending on user classifications. • Require installation of a transmission and distribution infrastructure. • Encourage the use of voluntary retrofits for existing users that may not be addressed in the ordinance.
• Require the City of Fresno to prepare Rules and Regulations. • Provide enforcement and severability clauses.
• Establishing a means for the City to provide recycled water at a negotiated price.

Efforts to further the use of recycled water include the requirement that new developments within planned major recycled water distribution mains must install purple pipe. Then, as the City’s capital projects construct a distribution infrastructure, these segments will be in place to facilitate connections to new customers, reduce program costs by avoiding digging up new street improvements and reduce disruption to vehicular traffic.

Most of the southwest recycled water distribution system from the RWRF is completed or planned for construction in 2021. The City has identified potential customers to connect to the recycled water system once it is completed to offset potable demand and increase recycled water use in the City.

6.5 Desalinated Water Opportunities
The City is located in the central San Joaquin Valley; therefore, seawater desalination is not applicable to the City. Additionally, the groundwater that exists within the immediate area of the City is not brackish in nature and does not require desalination treatment.

6.6 Water Exchanges and Transfers

6.6.1 Exchanges and Transfer Opportunities

6.6.1.1 USBR Supply
The Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA) of 1992 authorized the transfer of all or a portion of a CVP contractor’s water supply to any other California water users or water agencies.

The CVPIA allows water transfers as long as they are consistent with federal and state water laws. The primary component of the CVPIA that specifies water transfer provisions for federal Water Supply Characterization Section 6
City of Fresno
July 2021 6-26
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan
water supplies is Section 3405(a), which includes provisions regarding maximum annual water transfer, beneficial use, and approvals.

As part of the City’s current Metro Plan update, the City is evaluating potential future water transfers and exchanges of its periodically available USBR water. Currently, the City does not have any plans to transfer its USBR water to other California water users.

6.6.1.2 FID / RWRF Groundwater Exchange Supply
Since 1974, the City has had an agreement with FID to exchange recycled water for the delivery of surface water east of the City (Appendix I). The Agreement between FID and the City for Exchange of Recycled Water allows for water pumped from beneath the RWRF to be conveyed to FID’s Dry Creek and Houghton Canals for delivery to growers west of the City. In exchange for the water delivered to FID by the City, FID agreed to deliver 46% of the total from either its Kings River entitlement or USBR Class II supply to growers or basins in the eastern portion of FID “insofar as is feasible and practical.” The water is to be considered additional to the water that would have been delivered to the eastern portion of FID, such that the additional delivered water used by growers is assumed to offset groundwater pumping in the area and, therefore, provide a groundwater basin benefit. This is an indirect benefit to the City.

The agreement includes a minimum of 100,000 AF delivered over a 10-year period and no more than 30,000 AF in any given year. As shown in Figure 6-10, the City exceeded the maximum yearly delivery in 2003 and 2004 and has maintained more than 100,000 AF of deliveries over a 10-year period. However, since 2016, the City has reduced RWRF groundwater exchange deliveries. The City is currently discussing an update to the agreement with FID, while the 2020 Metro Plan will identify and recommend other beneficial uses for the City’s percolated effluent.

Figure 6-10. Historical RWRF Groundwater Exchange Deliveries 15,633 26,824 28,902 31,338 32,324 24,895 17,709 27,532 23,068 22,143 11,096 5,150 22,321 26,853 25,512 22,602
8,739
0 8,703
0 5,809
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15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
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July 2021 6-27
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6.6.2 Emergency Interties
In 2007, the Cities of Fresno and Clovis executed an agreement for interconnection of their potable water systems to provide service during emergencies and other times of hardship in either community. The agreement covers interconnections, including apportionment of capital costs, at two locations: Leonard Avenue at the Gould Canal alignment and Behymer Avenue at Willow Avenue.

The agreement provided for temporary deliveries from Clovis to southeast Fresno through the Leonard connection through 2013. The Leonard interconnection was constructed and remains in place for emergency uses through manual operation.

The agreement also provided for temporary deliveries from Fresno to northern Clovis through the Behymer connection through 2015. However, the Behymer interconnection has yet to be constructed and, if constructed in the future, would serve only for emergency use.

6.7 Future Water Projects
The City is currently updating its Metro Plan, which will recommend programs and projects to improve the City’s water supply portfolio and continue providing a safe, reliable, and sustainable water supply. While the outcomes of the Metro Plan update are currently being developed, the City’s ongoing and future projects to improve its supply portfolio include:
• Expansion of recycled water distribution system
• Expansion of groundwater recharge program
• Expansion of surface water treatment capacity
• Beneficial transfers and exchanges

6.7.1 Expand Recycled Water Distribution System
As mentioned in Section 6.4.5, the City has made significant improvements to their recycled water system over the last five years and is currently expanding their recycled water distribution system. The City expects to implement construction on the final portion of the Southwest recycled water distribution system this year. The completed distribution system will allow an additional 5,000 AF of recycled water use in the City to offset potable demands that can be used in all hydrological year types. The expansion is projected to be completed by 2025.

6.7.2 Expand Groundwater Recharge Capacity
With the acknowledgement that the groundwater aquifer is and will remain an integral resource, the City is currently evaluating an expanded recharge program as part of the Metro Plan update.

Expanding intentional recharge may include the development of new dedicated intentional recharge facilities and/or joint projects for basins with FMFCD and potentially FID. The target for recharge expansion is to maximize storage within the groundwater basin and optimize use of available surface water supplies in normal years. The stored water will be used more in the single-dry year and consecutive dry years when surface water supplies are less available.

The timing for groundwater recharge capacity expansion will be examined as part of the Metro Plan update and, for the UWMP, is assumed to increase to allow for an additional 540 AFY of recharge to occur on average each year.

Water Supply Characterization Section 6
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6.7.3 Expand Surface Water Treatment Capacity
A key component to the success of the City’s ability to reverse the long-time overreliance on groundwater is the construction of its surface water treatment facilities. These have allowed the City to optimize the use of available surface water supplies. The City’s NESWTF currently has a 30 mgd capacity and the capability to expand up to 60 mgd. The SESWTF is currently permitted to produce up to 54 mgd but, with the subsequent rerating of the media filters, will be capable of operating at a rated capacity of 80 mgd.

The timing for the SWTF expansion will be examined as part of the Metro Plan update and determined based on need as the City grows and demands increase.

6.7.4 Beneficial Transfers and Exchanges
As mentioned in Section 6.6.1, the City is evaluating future beneficial transfers and exchanges of the City’s USBR water in normal water years when available water supplies exceeds demands.

6.8 Summary of Existing and Planned Sources of Water
Summaries of the above discussed existing and planned sources of water are provided in Table 6-7 and Table 6-8 below.

6.8.1 Supply Management
The City currently balances its surface water supplies and groundwater based on minimum production for operation of the SWTFs and minimum groundwater pumping to manage and control contamination plumes and prevent their spread. The minimum operation conditions typically occur in the low-demand winter months, and the City can increase surface water production during peak demand months when surface water is available. In normal and wet years, the City intends to rely on more surface water supply and recharge raw surface water to replenish the groundwater basin and build storage for dry years. In dry years, when surface water is less available, the City will ramp up well production to meet demands. The City is expected to continue this supply management strategy in the future.

Table 6-7. Actual Water Supplies (DWR 6-8R)

WATER SUPPLY
2020

ACTUAL VOLUME WATER QUALITY
Groundwater 55,028 Drinking Water
USBR CVP 37,447 Drinking Water
FID Kings River 71,292 Drinking Water
Recycled Water, RWRF 858 Recycled Water
Recycled Water, NFWRF 54 Recycled Water
TOTAL: 164,679
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Table 6-8. Projected Water Supplies (DWR 6-9R)

WATER SUPPLY

REASONABLY AVAILABLE VOLUME, AFY
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
USBR CVP 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000
FID Kings River 125,030 131,600 131,600 131,600 131,600 Recycled Water, RWRF 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800
Recycled Water, NFWRF 110 110 110 110 110
TOTAL: 329,030 341,140 346,610 352,000 357,330

6.8.2 Special Conditions
This section details climate change and future regulatory conditions that impact the City’s supply sources.

6.8.2.1 Climate Change Effects
Climate models disagree on average annual precipitation projections but agree on other hydrologic metrics relevant to water resources management, including:
• Snowpack declines
• Increased fraction of precipitation on extreme rainfall days • Shorter, sharper rainy season
• Increased evapotranspiration
• Higher frequency of extremely wet and extremely dry years • Higher incidence of extreme dry year followed by an extreme wet year or vice versa (Persad, 2020) (Partida, 2020)
As discussed in Section 4.4, climate change impacts were evaluated in the North Kings GSP using DWR climate change datasets, which were developed for the California Water Commission’s Water Storage Investment Program (WSIP). The North Kings GSP analyzed WSIP water supply projections and found climate change will have no significant impact on the FID Kings River diversions. The North Kings GSP estimates the timing of the inflows to water reservoir and surface water supplies is anticipated to shift significantly due to warmer temperatures causing precipitation to arrive as rainfall instead of snowmelt. The warmer temperatures are also predicted to cause the snowmelt to turn to runoff earlier each spring.

These climate impacts are estimated in the North Kings GSP to slightly increase inflows to the Kings River (0.6% in 2040 and 0.3% in 2070); however, it is not expected to impact the Kings River diversions significantly and the timing will have a greater impact on water management, including a possible greater need for additional storage. The North Kings GSP also estimated climate impacts to the San Joaquin River supplies available to the CVP Friant Division Contractors, including the City’s USBR Class I supplies, and found the WSIP dataset estimates a slight reduction in future water supplies (Provost & Pritchard, November 2019). This plan Water Supply Characterization Section 6
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considers water supply during an extreme dry year or multi-dry year scenario, which may occur more often due to climate change, further in Chapter 7.

6.8.2.2 Regulatory Conditions
The City has existing contracts for its surface water supplies that are not facing any reduction due to forthcoming regulation. The City’s groundwater supply is from an unadjudicated basin and is also considered reliable. The GSA is currently working toward determining a safe yield for the Kings Subbasin, which is the amount of water than can be pumped from the basin over a long-term period without producing undesirable results. The City is an active member of the GSA, working collaboratively to bring the basin to balance while protecting the City’s groundwater supply.

Additionally, forthcoming California regulations for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may impact certain wells within the City. The City is currently monitoring and treating some groundwater wells for PFAS. These regulations are not expected to impact the City’s ability to use its full groundwater supply.

6.9 Energy Intensity
Pursuant to CWC Section 10631.2(a), readily available information regarding energy intensity shall be reported in the 2020 UWMP. For the City, this includes the total energy usage at each production facility, including each well site and the three SWTFs. The electrical usage includes the energy to produce, treat, and pump the water into the distribution system. Because the City’s distribution system includes over 200 groundwater wells, Table 6-9 presents the total energy usage, water produced, and average energy intensity for all groundwater wells and for each SWTF following the methodology presented in Appendix O of the DWR 2020 UWMP Guidebook.

The energy intensity varies significantly between groundwater wells depending on the depth to the groundwater table, if the well includes treatment beyond disinfection, and other local conditions. The total energy intensity for all production and treatment in the City’s distribution system in 2020 was 384 kWh/ AF.

Table 6-9. Water System Energy Intensity in 2020
WELLS NESWTF SESWTF T-3 SWTF TOTAL
Electricity (kWh) 27,667,366 5,848,314 13,416,000 454,470 47,386,150 Treated Water
Deliveries (AF) 56,445 20,724 45,367 875 123,411
Energy Intensity
(kWh/AF) 490 282 296 520 384
7-1

CITY OF FRESNO
Water Service Reliability
and Drought Risk
Assessment
This Section discusses the long-term reliability of surface and groundwater supplies for the City.

A comparison is made of anticipated supplies and demands through 2045 for a normal year, single dry year, and fiveyear drought. Shorter-term reliability planning that may require immediate action, such as drought or catastrophic supply interruption, is addressed in Chapter 8.

IN THIS SECTION
• Water Service
Reliability
Assessment
• Drought Risk
Assessment
7 Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessment Section 7 City of Fresno
July 2021 7-2
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7.1 Water Service Reliability Assessment
This section describes the existing constraints on the City’s supply sources and reliability in different hydrologic year types.

7.1.1 Constraints on Water Sources

7.1.1.1 Groundwater
Groundwater has long been the primary water supply source for the City. Before the City’s investments to increase its use of surface water with the construction of its NESWTF, T-3 SWTF, and SESWTF, groundwater levels were declining, and the falling levels were a potential constraint. Groundwater levels in some areas of the City have actually been increasing over the last five years as a result of the City’s using less groundwater and are expected to continue to increase as the City pumps less in the future.

The North Kings GSP is setting sustainability indicators for groundwater levels and groundwater storage. The current GSP does define a measurable objective and minimum threshold for the basin to allow the North Kings GSA to evaluate its progress for the subject indicator, as defined by SGMA, and determine whether conditions are improving, remaining stable, or degrading.

Another constraint to the use of groundwater stems from the negative impacts from contamination (see Section 6.1.4). To ensure the continued beneficial use of the groundwater supply, the City has set minimum pumping requirements for specific wells to prevent the spread of existing groundwater plumes to other areas in the City and to protect the basin. The City will remain proactive in pursuing responsible parties so the proper remediation is conducted to preserve the groundwater system as a viable and sustainable resource in perpetuity. Largely, the City has been able to rely on the relatively good quality of this resource.

7.1.1.2 USBR
The City has a contract for 60,000 AFY of Class 1 water with the USBR. Analysis supporting the 2006 San Joaquin River Settlement is the basis for USBR supply projections. The settlement is based on ensuring flows downstream of Millerton Dam for varying hydrologic conditions, which can constrain surface water supplies available to the CVP Friant Division contractors, such as the City.

Another constraint that affects the consistency of this supply are the restrictions that have been imposed on water diversions from the Delta (see Section 6.2.1). The resulting impacts associated with the restrictions from the Delta has been more detrimental to water supplies for the CVP Friant Division contractors than the above-discussed settlement, as the latter has resulted in two years of zero allocations for the CVP Friant Division contractors.

The construction of a raw water pipeline in 2018 to convey USBR water from the Friant-Kern Canal to the NESWTF, referred to as the Friant-Kern Canal Pipeline, has improved the reliability and water quality of deliveries to the NESWTF. The NESWTF is now capable of year-round operation, and the original connection from FID’s Enterprise Canal still exists as a backup delivery system if needed.

Every three years, the Friant-Kern Canal is taken down for maintenance, and during these shutdowns the City has the flexibility to deliver its Kings River supply to the NESWTF to allow for its continued use.

Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessment Section 7 City of Fresno
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7.1.1.3 FID
The City has an agreement with FID providing the City an allocation of approximately 115,000 AFY of Kings River water in normal-year conditions. Water supplied from the FID contract is most susceptible to annual hydrologic conditions. The City’s annual FID supply allocation is dependent on annual precipitation, Sierra Nevada mountain snowpack, and natural river flow conditions. The annual variability of these sources results in variable allocations to the City.

Based on the foregoing data, FID receives an annually adjusted entitlement, the delivery of which will fluctuate throughout the irrigation delivery season. The City in turn receives its pro rata allocation based on the foregoing entitlement determination.

Another factor that may constrain the availability of Kings River water supply is scheduled maintenance of FID’s vast canal network. FID typically terminates water deliveries to the City’s water treatment facilities in the months of November and/or December so they can perform necessary infrastructure repairs and maintenance. However, the City constructed a dedicated 13-mile, 72-inch-diameter raw water pipeline to deliver Kings River water to the SESWTF to allow for year-round operations and prevent shutdowns due to FID maintenance. Deliveries to intentional recharge facilities will continue to be supplied through the FID canal system.

7.1.1.4 Recycled Water
At present, the largest constraint for recycled water use is the lack of infrastructure to distribute the water to end users. The City has recently increased recycled water production capabilities and constructed much of the southwest recycled water system, as described in Section 6.4. The City plans to complete construction of the southwest recycled water distribution system in the near term and expand its recycled water delivery in the City.

7.1.2 Description of Management Tools and Options
The City currently manages its surface water and groundwater supply by maximizing surface water for potable use and intentional recharge during wet and normal years, while relying on groundwater during dry years. The City is currently updating its Metro Plan, which will recommend projects and programs to optimize the use of its supply portfolio and further improve supply resilience. Supply management tools are an expected outcome of the Metro Plan update; however, the City’s ongoing supply management is intended to maximize local supplies and improve the groundwater basin storage. Current actions include enhanced groundwater management and intentional recharge, increased recycled water use, and continued conservation through the implementation of demand management measures.

7.1.3 Year Type Characterization
Normal-water-year, single-dry-water-year, and five-consecutive-year-drought-period supply projections were made based on historic water allocations for surface water supplies, historic municipal water well pumping for groundwater, and projected utilization for recycled water, as described below.

Kings River water supply data was obtained from the Kings River Water Association and FID.

USBR CVP Friant Division data was obtained from the USBR website, the City of Fresno, and FID. Groundwater and recycled water supply data was obtained from the City of Fresno.

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7.1.3.1 Normal Year
Data for the total water supply for the normal-year condition is provided in Table 7-1 based on:
• Groundwater: estimated sustainable yield from Table 6-1. • USBR: long-term average allocation from Table 6-2.
• FID: long-term average allocation from Table 6-3.
• Recycled Water: projected supply from Table 6-6, excluding agricultural irrigation demand that does not offset the City’s potable demand.

7.1.3.2 Single Dry Year
The single-dry-year supply availability is based on 2015, during the 2012-2017 drought, because the City had the lowest surface water supply available in 2015. Data for total water supply for the single-dry-year condition is provided in Table 7-2 based on:
• Groundwater: estimated sustainable yield from Table 6-1. If necessary, the City would pump beyond its estimated sustainable yield during dry periods and balance out the pumping with recharge in normal or wet periods.
• USBR: actual allocation in 2015 (0 AF).
• FID: actual total FID allocation in 2015 (42,935 AF) but with the projected City percentage of FID supply for the future years considered (per Table 6-3). • Recycled Water: projected supply from Table 6-6, excluding agricultural irrigation demand that does not offset the City’s potable demand.

7.1.3.3 Multiple Dry Years
Data for total water supply for the five-year drought condition is provided in Table 7-3 based on:
• Groundwater: estimated sustainable yield from Table 6-1. If necessary, the City would pump beyond its estimated sustainable yield during dry periods and balance out the pumping with recharge in normal or wet periods.
• USBR: actual allocations in 2012 to 2016, which ranged from 0 to 45,000 AF. • FID: actual total FID allocations in 2012 to 2016, which ranged from 42,935 to 110,824 but with the projected City percentage of FID supply for the future years considered (per Table 6-3).
• Recycled Water: projected supply from Table 6-6, excluding agricultural irrigation demand that does not offset the City’s potable demand.

Despite severe reductions of surface water supplies during dry years, sufficient good-quality water was available to permit the SWTFs to operate. As mentioned in the previous section, there is some seasonal vulnerability with surface water availability in dry years, which needs to be closely coordinated with surface water suppliers to minimize impacts to the City’s SWTF operations. Groundwater supplies, with intentional recharge augmentation, remain reliable in all hydrologic conditions.

Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessment Section 7 City of Fresno
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7.1.4 Water Service Reliability
This section compares projected supplies and demands for a normal year, single dry year, and five-year consecutive drought. As shown in Table 7-1, the City is projected to have greater than 100,000 AF of available supply after meeting demands in normal years. As shown in Table 7-2, the City’s surface water supplies are reduced in a single dry year, but all potable demands are met and groundwater recharge of raw surface water is reduced. As shown in Table 7-3, the City is projected to meet all demands during a five-year drought with its existing supplies. Potable demands are unrestricted, and non-potable water used for groundwater recharge is reduced in years three and four of a five-year drought.

Table 7-1. Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison (DWR 7-2R) - 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water – USBR 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 Surface Water – FID 125,030 131,600 131,600 131,600 131,600 Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 329,030 341,140 346,610 352,000 357,330
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable (Groundwater
Recharge) Demand 62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500
DEMAND TOTALS 199,204 212,756 222,310 231,876 241,447
DIFFERENCE: 129,826 128,384 124,300 120,124 115,883
Table 7-2. Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison (DWR 7-3R) - 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water – USBR 0 0 0 0 0
Surface Water – FID 45,852 45,852 45,852 45,852 45,852
Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 189,852 195,392 200,862 206,252 211,582
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable (Groundwater
Recharge) Demand 27,588 28,776 29,964 31,152 32,340
DEMAND TOTALS 164,092 176,132 184,174 192,228 200,287
DIFFERENCE: 25,760 19,260 16,688 14,024 11,295
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Table 7-3. Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison (DWR 7-4R) - - 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
FIRST
YEAR
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water – USBR 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 Surface Water – FID 99,725 99,725 99,725 99,725 99,725
Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 273,725 279,265 284,735 290,125 295,455
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable Demand 62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500
DEMAND TOTALS 199,204 212,756 222,310 231,876 241,447
DIFFERENCE: 74,521 66,509 62,425 58,249 54,008
SECOND
YEAR
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water – USBR 37,200 37,200 37,200 37,200 37,200 Surface Water – FID 93,426 93,426 93,426 93,426 93,426
Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 274,626 280,166 285,636 291,026 296,356
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable Demand 62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500
DEMAND TOTALS 199,204 212,756 222,310 231,876 241,447
DIFFERENCE: 75,422 67,410 63,326 59,150 54,909
THIRD
YEAR
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water – USBR 0 0 0 0 0
Surface Water – FID 73,568 73,568 73,568 73,568 73,568
Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 217,568 223,108 228,578 233,968 239,298
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable Demand 53,763 46,281 43,526 40,677 37,761
DEMAND TOTALS 190,267 193,637 197,736 201,753 205,708
DIFFERENCE: 27,301 29,471 30,842 32,215 33,589
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- - 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
FOURTH
YEAR
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water – USBR 0 0 0 0 0
Surface Water – FID 45,852 45,852 45,852 45,852 45,852
Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 189,852 195,392 200,862 206,252 211,582
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable Demand 26,047 18,564 15,810 12,960 10,045
DEMAND TOTALS 162,551 165,920 170,020 174,036 177,992
DIFFERENCE: 27,301 29,471 30,842 32,215 33,589
FIFTH
YEAR
Groundwater 138,090 143,630 149,100 154,490 159,820
Surface Water – USBR 45,000 45,000 45,000 45,000 45,000 Surface Water – FID 125,840 125,840 125,840 125,840 125,840 Recycled Water 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910 5,910
SUPPLY TOTALS 314,840 320,380 325,850 331,240 336,570
Potable Demand 136,504 147,356 154,210 161,076 167,947
Non-Potable Demand 62,700 65,400 68,100 70,800 73,500
DEMAND TOTALS 199,204 212,756 222,310 231,876 241,447
DIFFERENCE: 115,636 107,624 103,540 99,364 95,123

7.2 Drought Risk Assessment
A new provision of the Water Code directs Suppliers to prepare a DRA. The DRA considers a drought period lasting five consecutive years, starting from the year following the year when the assessment is conducted. For this plan, the DRA considers five consecutive dry years from 2021 through 2025. The City may conduct an interim update or updates to this DRA within the fiveyear cycle of its UWMP update. The DRA analysis allows the City to examine the management of its supplies during stressed hydrologic conditions and an opportunity to evaluate whether the City may need to enact its Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP) during the next actual drought period lasting at least five years. The projected gross water use for the five-year DRA is based on unrestricted potable demand, a reduction in raw-water demand for intentional recharge in years three and four of the five-year drought, and unrestricted recycled water demand.

The reliability of supplies over a five-consecutive-year drought is described in Section 7.1.4 and summarized below for 2021 through 2025:
• Groundwater: based on interpolating between the 2020 and 2025 values in Table 6-1. If necessary, the City would pump beyond its estimated sustainable yield during dry periods and balance out the pumping with recharge in normal or wet periods. • USBR: based on the actual supply allocations from these sources during the driest consecutive five-year drought (2012–2016).

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2020 Urban Water Management Plan
• FID: based on the actual supply allocations from these sources during the driest consecutive five-year drought (2012–2016). For this DRA, the City’s percentage of FID supplies are conservatively assumed to remain at the existing 25.79%. • Recycled Water: based on interpolating between the 2020 and 2025 values in Table 6-6, excluding agricultural irrigation demand that does not offset the City’s potable demand.

Table 7-4 compares the total projected supply and demand for the five-year DRA for 2021 through 2025. As shown, the City does not expect to enact its WSCP for a five-consecutive-year drought based on the unrestricted potable demand projections and the current supply portfolio and reliability.

Table 7-4. Five-Year Drought Risk Assessment
WATER USE TYPE 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Groundwater 133,602 134,724 135,846 136,968 138,090
Surface Water – USBR 30,000 37,200 0 0 45,000
Surface Water – FID 93,354 83,085 65,425 40,776 111,911 Recycled Water 1,912 2,911 3,911 4,910 5,910
TOTAL SUPPLY 258,868 257,920 205,181 182,655 300,911
Potable Demand 124,910 127,827 130,745 133,662 136,504
Non-Potable Demand 60,000 60,000 48,287 22,260 60,000
TOTAL DEMAND 184,910 187,827 179,032 155,922 196,504
AVAILABLE SUPPLIES 73,958 70,093 26,149 26,732 104,407
8-1

CITY OF FRESNO
Water Shortage
Contingency Plan
This WSCP is a detailed plan for how the City intends to respond to foreseeable and unforeseeable water shortages. A water shortage occurs when the water supply is reduced to a level that cannot support typical demand at any given time.

The WSCP is used to provide guidance to the City’s
governing body and staff and the public by identifying
response actions to allow for efficient management of any water shortage with predictability and accountability.

Preparation provides the tools to maintain reliable supplies and reduce the impacts of supply interruptions due to
extended drought and catastrophic supply interruptions.

IN THIS SECTION
• WSCP
Overview
Water Shortage Contingency Plan Section 8
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July 2021 8-2
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan
The WSCP describes the following:

1. Water Supply Reliability Analysis: summarizes the City’s water supply analysis and reliability and identifies any key issues that may trigger a shortage condition

2. Annual Water Supply and Demand Assessment Procedures: describes the key data inputs, evaluation criteria, and methodology for assessing the system’s reliability for the coming year and the steps to formally declare any water shortage levels and response actions

3. Six Standard Shortage Stages: establishes water shortage levels to clearly identify and prepare for shortages

4. Shortage Response Actions: describes the response actions that may be implemented or considered for each stage to reduce gaps between supply and demand as well as minimize social and economic impacts to the community

5. Communication Protocols: describes communication protocols under each stage to ensure customers, the public, and government agencies are informed of shortage conditions and requirements

6. Compliance and Enforcement: defines compliance and enforcement actions available to administer demand reductions

7. Legal Authority: lists the legal documents that grant the City the authority to declare a water shortage and implement and enforce response actions

8. Financial Consequences of WSCP Implementation: describes the anticipated financial impact of implementing water shortage stages and identifies mitigation strategies to offset financial burdens

9. Monitoring and Reporting: summarizes the monitoring and reporting techniques to evaluate the effectiveness of shortage response actions and overall WSCP implementation, with results used to determine if additional shortage response actions should be activated or if efforts are successful and response actions should be reduced

10. WSCP Refinement Procedures: describes the factors that may trigger updates to the WSCP and outlines how to complete an update

11. Special Water Features Distinctions: identifies exemptions for ponds, lakes, fountains, pools, and spas, etc.

12. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Availability: describes the process for the WSCP adoption, submittal, and availability after each revision
The 2020 WSCP is a standalone document that can be modified as needed and is included as Appendix J.
9-1

CITY OF FRESNO
Demand Management
Measures
This chapter discusses the City’s demand management
measures including its water waste prevention ordinances, metering program, public outreach, and water loss reduction measures.

The City employs several water conservation programs, in excess of State-mandated restrictions, to promote
conservation and reduce the water supply demand. These
measures help reduce overdraft of the groundwater aquifer that the City uses and have aided in the City’s attainment of the urban water use reduction targets discussed in Chapter

5. The following sections provide a description of the
Demand Management Measures (DMMs), including the
nature and extent of each.

IN THIS SECTION
• Water Waste
Prevention
• Metering
• Conservation
Pricing
• Public
Education and
Outreach
• Water Loss
Reduction
Measures
Demand Management Measures Section 9
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan

9.1 Demand Management Measures for Retail

9.1.1 Water Waste Prevention Ordinances
The City prohibits water waste through implementation of the Urban Water Conservation and Excessive Water Use ordinance (see Section 6-520 of the Fresno Municipal Code). The ordinance includes such prohibitions as not washing hardscapes, using a nozzle-controlled hose, and using irrigation practices. The WSCP, included in Appendix J, Section 1.5, contains a more in-depth discussion of these prohibitions and consequences associated with them.

The City has a water waste hotline and a reporting form on the City website and keeps records of water waste violations. The City also employs fifteen staff persons year-round to manage and monitor the water conservation programs in place. Communication to the City’s diverse customer base is always taken into consideration, so two of the positions require Spanish and Hmong languages. All Water Conservation Representatives use advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) to monitor and confirm excessive or negligent water waste incidents.

The Water Conservation staff can be reached at (559) 621-5300, (559) 621-5480, or (559) 621- CITY for after-hours emergencies. Online forms are also available to the public. Their office is located at 1910 E. University Avenue, Fresno, CA 93703. The Water Conservation Supervisor is Conrad Braganza.

9.1.2 Metering
In 2008, the City embarked on an aggressive project to install meters on all single-family residential service connections throughout its service area. The water meter project was completed at the end of 2012. The City already had water meters on all existing multifamily residential, commercial, industrial, landscape irrigation, and fire services.

With completion of the metering project, the City can now monitor water use more closely and provide its customers an understanding of water use (and its fiscal impacts), which has led to reducing water consumption by approximately 13% since 2013. The City will continue to monitor water use through the metering data and use the data to analyze demand trends and plan for future water shortages.

As part of the analysis of the meter data and through customer complaints or comments, the City is able to identify meters that are not working properly. Once identified, the City can have a maintenance crew visit the property and evaluate whether to repair or replace the meter.

The City also routinely tests and calibrates meters to ensure accuracy in reading and billing.

Typically, meters are tested in place in the field or at a test bench in the meter shop. Field testing involves using calibrated flow meters to monitor the flow through a test port on or attached to the meter and comparing the measured flow to the meter reading. The majority of large meters, three inches and above, have a bypass valve that will be turned on during the meter test as not to disrupt water use to the property. In the case where a bypass valve is not in place, the customer is notified at least 48 hours before the test date. The City’s service area has a total of approximately 135,000 meters, of which approximately 1,100 are three inches or larger. In 2018, of 157 of these large meters were tested, 10 were repaired, and 15 were replaced.

Demand Management Measures Section 9
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Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
With the majority of meters being two inches or smaller, testing every single one is not logistically or economically feasible; therefore, a statistical sampling of each size is tested each year based on the following criteria:
• Meters six inches and above are tested annually.
• Meters three inches to four inches are tested at least once every two years. • Meters three-fourths of an inch to two inches are sample tested as needed.

The City performs more frequent testing on larger meters on the basis that an error in their registration has a greater effect on customer equity and revenue issues. Meters registering larger volumes are given priority regardless of when they were last tested.

The City also shares meter data with the customers through its EyeOnWater tool available on its website or on a mobile app. This allows customers to monitor and better understand their hourly, daily, weekly, and monthly water usage, trends, and how they compare to average users.

9.1.3 Conservation Pricing
The City’s customers are subject to the water rate structure adopted by the City Council through the Proposition 218 process. The approved rate structure has a base price designated by meter size and a volumetric rate for water usage. Table 9-1 shows the rate structure.

The City will investigate the use of alternative rate structures in the future, which could have specific charges for usage to provide a fiscal incentive for customers to conserve water. This approach would permit customers to directly see the impact of water use reduction each month.

Table 9-1. Current Water Rate Structure

METER SIZE

BASE RATE USAGE CHARGES
DOMESTIC IRRIGATION 100 CUBIC FEET (HCF) 1,000 GALLONS
¾” or smaller $13.50 $10.70
$1.74
(per each HCF)
$2.33
(per each 1,000
gallons)
1” $17.90 $13.40

1.5” $20.80 $15.20
2” $35.30 $24.10
3” $52.80 $34.90
4” $79.00 $51.00
6” $152.00 $96.00
8” $705.00 $436.00
10” $1,113.00 $687.00
12” $1,462.00 $901.00
Demand Management Measures Section 9
City of Fresno
July 2021 9-4
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

9.1.4 Public Education and Outreach
The City has worked diligently to connect with and educate the community it serves. Those efforts include an emphasis on water conservation techniques and the importance of reducing overall water demand, both specifically to the resident (in terms of fiscal impacts) and to the overall water supply.

The City’s varied programs to incentivize water savings are frequently discussed, including the following items:
• Water-wise landscape consultation
• EyeOnWater tool
• Irrigation efficiency audit
• Assistance with setting irrigation controllers
• Interior/exterior water leak surveys
• Water meter use information
• Water use rebates, coupons, and permits
• Lawn-to-garden rebates
• Water conservation hotlines

9.1.4.1 Education and Outreach
The City's water conservation public information program is managed in-house with the assistance of JP Marketing. The firm's services include strategic planning, creative concepts, public relations, marketing, promotion, research, advertising, media design, copywriting, event creation, and online services.

The City's public information program has many components, including multimedia campaigns (paid and public service advertising), customer billing inserts, literature, public outreach activities, a speaker’s bureau, and inter-agency partnerships. Many of the City’s water conservation materials are provided in three languages: English, Hmong, and Spanish.

The City is a member of the Central Valley Water Awareness Committee (CVWAC), which is composed of several cities, water utilities, irrigation districts, and other groups in the Central Valley. The CVWAC was created to increase the public’s understanding of how water is treated, managed, and delivered to customers. The City participates in Water Awareness Month activities through its affiliation with the CVWAC.

The City conducted outreach to the community through approximately 50 events between 2015 and 2020, including:
• Setting up outreach booths providing water-saving info and rebate information at local festivals, parades, plant sales, home and garden shows, and fairs • Participating in Annual Water Wise Plant Exchanges, a large community event to share waterwise plants and information and participate in hands-on activities • Hosting Kids Water Camp, a large one-day event with hands-on activities for kids in third grade in all elementary schools in the service area
• Hosting workshops and speaker events about water-wise plants, gardening, and landscaping Demand Management Measures Section 9
City of Fresno
July 2021 9-5
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
A full list of specific education and outreach events over the past five years is included in Appendix K. The City also maintains a water conservation page on its website with links to many of the flyers and rebates mentioned above.

9.1.4.2 Water Surveys
The City conducted over 24,000 interior and exterior water leak surveys between 2015 and 2020.

Table 9-2 quantifies the number and types of surveys conducted.

Table 9-2. Interior and Exterior Surveys
DESCRIPTION/YEAR 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 TOTAL

EXTERIOR SURVEYS
Exterior Audit 942 1,289 1,359 835 2,189 427 7,041
Landscape Consultation 605 382 193 139 149 48 1,516
Large Turf Survey 1 5 1 0 0 0 7
Timer Tutorial 1,644 1,967 1,873 2,170 1,346 518 9,518

INTERIOR SURVEYS
Interior Audit 835 1,135 1,222 748 2,137 412 6,489
TOTALS 4,027 4,778 4,648 3,892 5,821 1,405 24,571

9.1.4.3 Rebate Programs
The City operates 14 rebate programs. Some of those that were active and used during the 2015–2020 reporting period are summarized in Table 9-3.

Table 9-3. Rebate Program Results (2015–2020)
YEAR
LAWN TO GARDEN WASHING MACHINE HIGH EFFIC. TOILET
NO. REBATE NO. REBATE NO. REBATE
2015 122 $4,044 358 $46,144 301 $35,344
2016 160 $71,372 247 $27,600 233 $21,124
2017 103 $37,157 255 $19,682 495 $18,937
2018 43 $19,238 57 $5,502 145 $75,721
2019 42 $19,456 84 $8,000 115 $19,091
2020 25 $14,521 121 $6,950 106 $18,033
TOTALS 495 $165,791 1,122 $113,880 1,395 $188,253
Demand Management Measures Section 9
City of Fresno
July 2021 9-6
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

9.1.5 Programs to Assess and Manage Distribution System Real Loss As discussed in Chapter 4, the calculated loss was determined to be 8%, illustrating the City’s conservative approach in the past. With completed system metering, the City is able to track losses more closely and understand where possible losses are occurring and correct them as necessary.

The AWWA Water Audit Tool suggested the areas the City could improve to reduce system losses, including calibration of source meters, unauthorized consumption, and data handling errors.

The following measures are in place or are being developed to improve the system losses:
• The City installed the remaining source meters on the few unmetered wells within the system in 2017, and now currently all wells and production facilities are fully metered. • The City has a source meter calibration plan in place. • The City has implemented meter testing frequency based on service size. This is discussed in more detail in Section 9.1.2.
• The City has an online tool as well as a telephone hotline available for the public to report water leaks, either on their property or within the public rights-of-way. This helps reduce detection time and limits the water loss from leaks.
• The City conducted a leak survey on 100 miles of the water system in January 2016. Eight total leaks were pinpointed, one on the main, two on hydrants, two on water service lines, and one at a water meter.
• The City uses meter data to identify any meters not functioning correctly or any leaks in the system so that they can be replaced or repaired. This helps reduce unaccounted for water consumption.

Unauthorized consumption can be determined, at times, through the meter data also. If a meter shows no usage, the City can note the address and schedule a site visit to determine any possible issues.

9.1.6 Other Demand Management Measures
In addition to the water conservation programs, the City has also enacted watering schedules for the community that specify days and times that customers are allowed to water, based on odd or even street addresses. The City has also created an automated courtesy notice program that informs customers when they exceed the excessive water use threshold during days and times when outdoor watering is not allowed.

9.2 Implementation to Achieve Water Use Targets
As discussed in Chapter 5, the City has met and exceeded its 2020 water use target. However, the City also realizes a portion of the observed conservation is due to the strict water use restrictions imposed during the drought. If those restrictions are lifted, the City will be diligent in continuing use of the above described DMMs.

The extensive metering program, replacement of turf, and replacement of over 10,000 highwater-use appliances (toilets and washing machines) over the last several years has helped the City maintain overall lower water consumption.

Demand Management Measures Section 9
City of Fresno
July 2021 9-7
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

9.3 Water Use Objectives (Future Requirements)
As discussed in Section 4.2.4.4, the City is tracking the recommended water use efficiency standards and water use objectives developed due to Senate Bill 606 and Assembly Bill 1668.

Currently no water use objectives have been adopted by the State, and are not anticipated to be adopted until 2022, but an indoor residential water use standard has been recommended by DWR, and additional standards are expected to be released in late 2021. The City is aware of the legislation and tracking the forthcoming water use objectives as they are available. The City is currently having ongoing discussions with DWR on clarifying the GIS-based approach for developing the overall water objective for residential customers. Alternatively, the City is also interested in using actual water use data (from the AMI system) to develop these objectives, following discussions and approval from DWR and SWRCB.
10-1

CITY OF FRESNO
Plan Adoption, Submittal,
and Implementation
This section provides guidance in the adoption, submittal, and implementation of the 2020 UWMP and WSCP, as well as
processes for amending the adopted plans if needed.

This UWMP update has been prepared on a calendar-year
basis and includes all water use and planning data for the 2020 calendar year. Additional details are provided in the preceding chapters.

IN THIS SECTION
• Public Hearing
Notices
• Plan Adoption
and Submittal
10 Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation Section 10 City of Fresno
July 2021 10-2
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

10.1 Notice of Public Hearing
The City has notified the County of Fresno, the only city or county in which the City provides water, of its intent to review the UWMP and consider changes to the plan. The City also notified the City of Clovis of plan preparation. Both of these governmental entities as well as a host of local water purveyors and agencies (Table 2-1) were notified of the preparation of the UWMP and public hearing and were encouraged to participate in the development of this plan update.

Copies of the notification letters are included in Appendix L.

Consistent with the legislative requirements for public noticing, the City published two notices in the Fresno Bee, at least five days apart over a two-week period, providing the date and time of the public hearing. The notices were published on July 1, 2021, and July 8, 2021.

10.2 Public Hearing and Adoption
The City held a public hearing and adopted the 2020 UWMP on July 15, 2021. A copy of the adopting resolution is included in Appendix M. Before the public hearing, notices were published notifying the public of the date and time of the hearing.

10.3 Plan Submittal
Once the 2020 UWMP and WSCP have been adopted, a copy of the 2020 UWMP and WSCP and any subsequent amendments will be submitted to DWR, the State Library, and the County of Fresno.

10.4 Public Availability
Once the plan has been adopted, a hard copy will be made available for public reference at the City of Fresno Department of Public Utilities office at City Hall (located at 2600 Fresno Street) and the Water Division office (located at 1910 E. University Avenue). Additionally, an electronic copy will be uploaded to the City of Fresno website and made available for public reference.

References Section 11
City of Fresno
July 2021 11-1
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan

CITY OF FRESNO
References
Applied Development Economics, Inc. and Mintier Harnish Associates. (2017). Fresno County 2050 Growth.

California Department of Finance. (2020, May). E-4 Population Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State. Retrieved from State of California Department of Finance:
http://www.dof.ca.gov/Forecasting/Demographics/Estimates/e-4/2010-20/ California Department of Water Resources. (Feb 2016). Methodologies for Calculating Baseline and Compliance Urban Per Capita Water Use.

California Department of Water Resources. (January 2006). Bulletin 118 - San Joaquiv Valley Groundwater Basin, Kings Subbasin.

California Department of Water Resources, State Water Resources Control Board. (November 2018). Making Water Conservation a California Way of Life.

California Regional Water Qulaity Control Board. (2018). Order R5-2018-0080 Waste Discharge Requirements for Cities of Fresno and Clovis Regional Wastewater Reclamation Facility .

Carollo. (2010). Recycled Water Master Plan. City of Fresno.

Carollo. (2019). Citywide Recycled Water Demand and Southwest Recycled Water System Analysis . City of Fresno.

CH2MHill. (1992). City of Fresno Metropolitan Water Resources Management Plan, Phase 1 Report, Volume II or II, Appendix B Hydrogeologic Conditions in the FCMA.

City of Fresno Development and Resource Management Department. (2014). Fresno General Plan .

City of Fresno Development and Resource Management Department. (2017). Fresno General Plan 2015 - 2023 Housing Element.

City of Fresno Planning and Development Department. (2020). 2019 Housing Element Annual Progress Report.

Department of Water Resources. (2018). Guidance for Climate Change Data Use during Groundwater Sustainability Plan.

First Carbon Solutions. (2014). Master Environmental Impact Report General Plan and Development Code Update City of Fresno, Fresno County, California.

Fresno City Water, Engineering Department. (1940). Average of Groundwater Depth for City of Wells Log.

History of SJRECWA Exchange Contractors. (n.d.). Retrieved 03 18, 2021, from San Joaquin River Exchange Contractrs Water Authority: http://www.sjrecwa.net/about/history/ 11 References Section 11
City of Fresno
July 2021 11-2
Final
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
John Carollo Engineers. (1969). Report on Water Resources City of Fresno.

Kings River Water Association and Kings River Conservation District. (June 2003). The Kings River Handbook, pg. 7.

LSA. (2020). Fresno General Plan Public Review Draft Program Environmental Impact Report.

Partida, C. K. (2020, November 15). Planning for a shorter rainy season and more frequent extreme storms in California. California WaterBlog. Retrieved from https://californiawaterblog.com/2020/11/15/planning-for-a-shorter-rainy-season-andmore-frequent-extreme-storms-in-california/ Persad, G. G. (2020, October). Inter-model agreement on projected shifts in California hydroclimate characteristics critical to water management. Climatic Change. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02882-4
Provost & Pritchard. (November 2019). North Kings Groundwater Sustainability Plan. North Kings Groundwater Sustainability Agency.

WateReuse Research Foundation. (2013). Demonstration of Filtration and Disinfection Compliance Through Soil-Aquifer Treatment.

West Yost Associates. (January 2014). City of Fresno Metropolitan Water Resources Management Plan Update Addendum.

WRIME. (2007). The Integrated Groundwater and Surface Water Model prepared for the Kings Basin Integrated Regional Water Management Authority.

A
A
2020 UWMP Checklist
City of Fresno Appendix A
2020 UWMP Checklist
Retail Wholesale 2020 Guidebook Location Water Code Section Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020 UWMP Location (Optional Column for Agency Review Use) x x Chapter 1 10615
A plan shall describe and evaluate sources of supply, reasonable and practical efficient uses, reclamation and demand management activities.

Introduction and Overview Chapter 1
x x Chapter 1 10630.5
Each plan shall include a simple description of the supplier’s plan including water availability, future requirements, a strategy for meeting needs, and other pertinent information. Additionally, a supplier may also choose to include a simple description at the beginning of each chapter.

Summary Executive Summary
x x Section 2.2 10620(b)
Every person that becomes an urban water supplier shall adopt an urban water management plan within one year after it has become an urban water supplier.

Plan Preparation Chapter 2, Section 10.2
x x Section 2.6 10620(d)(2)
Coordinate the preparation of its plan with other appropriate agencies in the area, including other water suppliers that share a common source, water management agencies, and relevant public agencies, to the extent practicable.

Plan Preparation Section 2.1
x x Section 2.6.2 10642
Provide supporting documentation that the water supplier has encouraged active involvement of diverse social, cultural, and economic elements of the population within the service area prior to and during the preparation of the plan and contingency plan.

Plan Preparation Section 2.1, Section 10.1
x Section 2.6, Section 6.1 10631(h) Retail suppliers will include documentation that they have provided their wholesale supplier(s) - if any - with water use projections from that source.

System Supplies N/A
x Section 2.6 10631(h)
Wholesale suppliers will include documentation that they have provided their urban water suppliers with identification and quantification of the existing and planned sources of water available from the wholesale to the urban supplier during various water year types.

System Supplies N/A
x x Section 3.1 10631(a) Describe the water supplier service area. System Description Section 3.1 and 3.2x x Section 3.3 10631(a) Describe the climate of the service area of the supplier. System Description Table 3-2 Section 3.3x x Section 3.4 10631(a) Provide population projections for 2025, 2030, 2035, 2040 and optionally 2045. System Description Table 3-3 Section 3.4.1 x x Section 3.4.2 10631(a) Describe other social, economic, and demographic factors affecting the supplier’s water management planning. System Description Section 3.3.1 xx
Sections 3.4 and

5.4 10631(a) Indicate the current population of the service area.

System Description and Baselines and Targets
Table 3-3 Section 3.4.1
x x Section 3.5 10631(a) Describe the land uses within the service area. System Description Table 3-1 Section 3.1.1,
Section 4.2.4.1, Table 4-3,
Figure 4-3,
x x Section 4.2 10631(d)(1) Quantify past, current, and projected water use, identifying the uses among water use sectors. System Water Use Section 4.2 x x Section 4.2.4 10631(d)(3)(C) Retail suppliers shall provide data to show the distribution loss standards were met. System Water Use Losses included Section 4.2.2, City has not adopted loss standards 1 of 7
City of Fresno Appendix A
2020 UWMP Checklist
Retail Wholesale 2020 Guidebook Location Water Code Section Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020 UWMP Location (Optional Column for Agency Review Use) x x Section 4.2.6 10631(d)(4)(A) In projected water use, include estimates of water savings from adopted codes, plans and other policies or laws. System Water Use Table 4-5 Section 4.2.4.2x x Section 4.2.6 10631(d)(4)(B) Provide citations of codes, standards, ordinances, or plans used to make water use projections. System Water Use Section 4.2.5.2x optional Section 4.3.2.4 10631(d)(3)(A) Report the distribution system water loss for each of the 5 years preceding the plan update. System Water Use Table 4-1 Section 4.2.2x optional Section 4.4 10631.1(a) Include projected water use needed for lower income housing projected in the service area of the supplier. System Water Use Table 4-9 Section 4.3x x Section 4.5 10635(b) Demands under climate change considerations must be included as part of the drought risk assessment. System Water Use Section 4.4x Chapter 5 10608.20(e) Retail suppliers shall provide baseline daily per capita water use, urbanwater use target, interim urban water use target, and compliance daily per capita water use, along with the bases for determining those estimates, including references to supporting data.

Baselines and Targets Table 5-1 Section 5.4 Appendix C
x Chapter 5 10608.24(a) Retail suppliers shall meet their water use target by December 31, 2020. Baselines and Targets Section 5.5 Appendix C x Section 5.1 10608.36
Wholesale suppliers shall include an assessment of present and proposed future measures, programs, and policies to help their retail water suppliers achieve targeted water use reductions.

Baselines and Targets N/A
x Section 5.2 10608.24(d)(2)
If the retail supplier adjusts its compliance GPCD using weather normalization, economic adjustment, or extraordinary events, it shall provide the basis for, and data supporting the adjustment.

Baselines and Targets N/A
x Section 5.5 10608.22
Retail suppliers’ per capita daily water use reduction shall be no less than 5 percent of base daily per capita water use of the 5 year baseline. This does not apply if the suppliers base GPCD is at or below 100.

Baselines and Targets N/A
x
Section 5.5 and
Appendix E 10608.4
Retail suppliers shall report on their compliance in meeting their water use targets. The data shall be reported using a standardized form in the SBX7-7 2020 Compliance Form.

Baselines and Targets Appendix C
xx
Sections 6.1 and

6.2 10631(b)(1)
Provide a discussion of anticipated supply availability under a normal, single dry year, and a drought lasting five years, as well as more frequent and severe periods of drought.

System Supplies Section 6.1-6.4 Section 7.1.3
x x Sections 6.1 10631(b)(1)
Provide a discussion of anticipated supply availability under a normal, single dry year, and a drought lasting five years, as well as more frequent and severe periods of drought, including changes in supply due to climate change.

System Supplies Section 6.8.2.1
x x Section 6.1 10631(b)(2) When multiple sources of water supply are identified, describe the management of each supply in relationship to other identified supplies. System Supplies Section 6.8 x x Section 6.1.1 10631(b)(3) Describe measures taken to acquire and develop planned sources of water. System Supplies Section 6.7 x x Section 6.2.8 10631(b) Identify and quantify the existing and planned sources of water available for 2020, 2025, 2030, 2035, 2040 and optionally 2045. System Supplies Table 6-7 and Table 6-8 2 of 7
City of Fresno Appendix A
2020 UWMP Checklist
Retail Wholesale 2020 Guidebook Location Water Code Section Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020 UWMP Location (Optional Column for Agency Review Use) x x Section 6.2 10631(b) Indicate whether groundwater is an existing or planned source of water available to the supplier. System Supplies Section 6.1x x Section 6.2.2 10631(b)(4)(A) Indicate whether a groundwater sustainability plan or groundwater management plan has been adopted by the water supplier or if there is any other specific authorization for groundwater management. Include a copy of the plan or authorization.

System Supplies Section 6.1 Appendix G
x x Section 6.2.2 10631(b)(4)(B) Describe the groundwater basin. System Supplies Section 6.1.1x x Section 6.2.2 10631(b)(4)(B) Indicate if the basin has been adjudicated and include a copy of the court order or decree and a description of the amount of water the supplier has the legal right to pump.

System Supplies N/A
x x Section 6.2.2.1 10631(b)(4)(B)
For unadjudicated basins, indicate whether or not the department has identified the basin as a high or medium priority. Describe efforts by the supplier to coordinate with sustainability or groundwater agencies to achieve sustainable groundwater conditions.

System Supplies Section 6.1.2
x x Section 6.2.2.4 10631(b)(4)(C)
Provide a detailed description and analysis of the location, amount, and sufficiency of groundwater pumped by the urban water supplier for the past five years System Supplies Section 6.1.6 Figure 6-6
x x Section 6.2.2 10631(b)(4)(D) Provide a detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of groundwater that is projected to be pumped. System Supplies Section 6.1.5 Table 6-1 x x Section 6.2.7 10631(c) Describe the opportunities for exchanges or transfers of water on a short-term or long- term basis. System Supplies Section 6-6 x x Section 6.2.5 10633(b)
Describe the quantity of treated wastewater that meets recycled water standards, is being discharged, and is otherwise available for use in a recycled water project.

System Supplies (Recycled Water)
Section 6.4.2, Appendix B
Table 6-3R
x x Section 6.2.5 10633(c) Describe the recycled water currently being used in the supplier's service area. System Supplies (Recycled Water) Section 6.4.4 Table 6-5 x x Section 6.2.5 10633(d) Describe and quantify the potential uses of recycled water and provide a determination of the technical and economic feasibility of those uses. System Supplies (Recycled Water) Section 6.4.4x x Section 6.2.5 10633(e) Describe the projected use of recycled water within the supplier's service area at the end of 5, 10, 15, and 20 years, and a description of the actual use of recycled water in comparison to uses previously projected.

System Supplies (Recycled Water) Section 6.4.4 Table 6-6 x x Section 6.2.5 10633(f)
Describe the actions which may be taken to encourage the use of recycled water and the projected results of these actions in terms of acre-feet of recycled water used per year.

System Supplies (Recycled Water) Section 6.4.5
x x Section 6.2.5 10633(g) Provide a plan for optimizing the use of recycled water in the supplier's service area. System Supplies (Recycled Water) Section 6.4.5x x Section 6.2.6 10631(g) Describe desalinated water project opportunities for long-term supply. System Supplies Section 6.5x x Section 6.2.5 10633(a) Describe the wastewater collection and treatment systems in the supplier’s service area with quantified amount of collection and treatment and the disposal methods.

System Supplies (Recycled Water)
Section 6.4.2, Appendix B
Table 6-3R
3 of 7
City of Fresno Appendix A
2020 UWMP Checklist
Retail Wholesale 2020 Guidebook Location Water Code Section Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020 UWMP Location (Optional Column for Agency Review Use) xx Section 6.2.8, Section 6.3.7 10631(f)
Describe the expected future water supply projects and programs that may be undertaken by the water supplier to address water supply reliability in average, single-dry, and for a period of drought lasting 5 consecutive water years.

System Supplies Section 6.7
xx
Section 6.4 and
Appendix O 10631.2(a) The UWMP must include energy information, as stated in the code, that a supplier can readily obtain. System Suppliers, Energy Intensity Section 6.9 x x Section 7.2 10634
Provide information on the quality of existing sources of water availableto the supplier and the manner in which water quality affects water management strategies and supply reliability Water Supply Reliability Assessment Section 7.1.1
x x Section 7.2.4 10620(f) Describe water management tools and options to maximize resources and minimize the need to import water from other regions. Water Supply Reliability Assessment Section 7.1.2x x Section 7.3 10635(a) Service Reliability Assessment: Assess the water supply reliability during normal, dry, and a drought lasting five consecutive water years by comparing the total water supply sources available to the water supplier with the total projected water use over the next 20 years.

Water Supply Reliability Assessment Section 7.1.4
x x Section 7.3 10635(b)
Provide a drought risk assessment as part of information considered in developing the demand management measures and water supply projects.

Water Supply Reliability Assessment Section 7.2
x x Section 7.3 10635(b)(1)
Include a description of the data, methodology, and basis for one or more supply shortage conditions that are necessary to conduct a drought risk assessment for a drought period that lasts 5 consecutive years.

Water Supply Reliability Assessment Section 7.1.3.3
x x Section 7.3 10635(b)(2) Include a determination of the reliability of each source of supply under a variety of water shortage conditions. Water Supply Reliability Assessment Section 7.1.3x x Section 7.3 10635(b)(3) Include a comparison of the total water supply sources available to the water supplier with the total projected water use for the drought period. Water Supply Reliability Assessment Section 7.1.4 Table 7-1, Table 7-2, and Table 7-3x x Section 7.3 10635(b)(4) Include considerations of the historical drought hydrology, plausible changes on projected supplies and demands under climate change conditions, anticipated regulatory changes, and other locally applicable criteria.

Water Supply Reliability Assessment Section 7.1.3 and 7.1.4 x x Chapter 8 10632(a) Provide a water shortage contingency plan (WSCP) with specified elements below. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix Jx x Chapter 8 10632(a)(1) Provide the analysis of water supply reliability (from Chapter 7 of Guidebook) in the WSCP Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.2 x x Section 8.10 10632(a)(10)
Describe reevaluation and improvement procedures for monitoring and evaluation the water shortage contingency plan to ensure risk tolerance is adequate and appropriate water shortage mitigation strategies are implemented.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.10 4 of 7
City of Fresno Appendix A
2020 UWMP Checklist
Retail Wholesale 2020 Guidebook Location Water Code Section Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020 UWMP Location (Optional Column for Agency Review Use) x x Section 8.2 10632(a)(2)(A) Provide the written decision-making process and other methods that the supplier will use each year to determine its water reliability. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.3 x x Section 8.2 10632(a)(2)(B)
Provide data and methodology to evaluate the supplier’s water reliability for the current year and one dry year pursuant to factors in the code.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.3 x x Section 8.3 10632(a)(3)(A)
Define six standard water shortage levels of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 percent shortage and greater than 50 percent shortage. These levels shall be based on supply conditions, including percent reductions in supply, changes in groundwater levels, changes in surface elevation, or other conditions. The shortage levels shall also apply to a catastrophic interruption of supply.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning
Appendix J - Section 1.4
Table 2
x x Section 8.3 10632(a)(3)(B)
Suppliers with an existing water shortage contingency plan that uses different water shortage levels must cross reference their categories with the six standard categories.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning
Appendix J - Section 1.4
Figure 2
x x Section 8.4 10632(a)(4)(A)
Suppliers with water shortage contingency plans that align with the defined shortage levels must specify locally appropriate supply augmentation actions.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning
Appendix J - Section 1.5.3
Table 4
x x Section 8.4 10632(a)(4)(B) Specify locally appropriate demand reduction actions to adequately respond to shortages. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.5.2 Table 3x x Section 8.4 10632(a)(4)(C) Specify locally appropriate operational changes. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.5.4 x x Section 8.4 10632(a)(4)(D)
Specify additional mandatory prohibitions against specific water use practices that are in addition to state-mandated prohibitions are appropriate to local conditions.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.5.1 x x Section 8.4 10632(a)(4)(E) Estimate the extent to which the gap between supplies and demand will be reduced by implementation of the action. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.5.2 Table 3x x Section 8.4.6 10632.5 The plan shall include a seismic risk assessment and mitigation plan. Water Shortage Contingency Plan Appendix J - Section 1.5.6 x x Section 8.5 10632(a)(5)(A) Suppliers must describe that they will inform customers, the public and others regarding any current or predicted water shortages. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.6 x x Section 8.5 and 8.6 10632(a)(5)(B) 10632(a)(5)(C) Suppliers must describe that they will inform customers, the public and others regarding any shortage response actions triggered or anticipated to be triggered and other relevant communications. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.6x Section 8.6 10632(a)(6) Retail supplier must describe how it will ensure compliance with and enforce provisions of the WSCP. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.7 x Section 8.7 10632(a)(7)(A) Describe the legal authority that empowers the supplier to enforce shortage response actions. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.8 5 of 7
City of Fresno Appendix A
2020 UWMP Checklist
Retail Wholesale 2020 Guidebook Location Water Code Section Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020 UWMP Location (Optional Column for Agency Review Use) x x Section 8.7 10632(a)(7)(B) Provide a statement that the supplier will declare a water shortage emergency Water Code Chapter 3. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.8 x x Section 8.7 10632(a)(7)(C)
Provide a statement that the supplier will coordinate with any city or county within which it provides water for the possible proclamation of a local emergency.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.8 x x Section 8.8 10632(a)(8)(A) Describe the potential revenue reductions and expense increases associated with activated shortage response actions. Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.9 x x Section 8.8 10632(a)(8)(B)
Provide a description of mitigation actions needed to address revenue reductions and expense increases associated with activated shortage response actions.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.9 x Section 8.8 10632(a)(8)(C) Retail suppliers must describe the cost of compliance with Water Code Chapter 3.3: Excessive Residential Water Use During Drought Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.9 x Section 8.9 10632(a)(9)
Retail suppliers must describe the monitoring and reporting requirements and procedures that ensure appropriate data is collected, tracked, and analyzed for purposes of monitoring customer compliance.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.10 x Section 8.11 10632(b)
Analyze and define water features that are artificially supplied with water, including ponds, lakes, waterfalls, and fountains, separately from swimming pools and spas.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.12 xx
Sections 8.12 and

10.4 10635(c)
Provide supporting documentation that Water Shortage Contingency Plan has been, or will be, provided to any city or county within which it provides water, no later than 30 days after the submission of the plan to DWR.

Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation
Appendix J - Section 1.13
x x Section 8.14 10632(c)
Make available the Water Shortage Contingency Plan to customers and any city or county where it provides water within 30 after adopted the plan.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning Appendix J - Section 1.13 x
Sections 9.1 and

9.3 10631(e)(2)
Wholesale suppliers shall describe specific demand management measures listed in code, their distribution system asset management program, and supplier assistance program.

Demand Management Measures N/A
x
Sections 9.2 and

9.3 10631(e)(1)
Retail suppliers shall provide a description of the nature and extent of each demand management measure implemented over the past five years. The description will address specific measures listed in code.

Demand Management Measures Section 9.1
x Chapter 10 10608.26(a)
Retail suppliers shall conduct a public hearing to discuss adoption, implementation, and economic impact of water use targets (recommended to discuss compliance).

Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation
Section 10.2
x x Section 10.2.1 10621(b)
Notify, at least 60 days prior to the public hearing, any city or county within which the supplier provides water that the urban water supplier will be reviewing the plan and considering amendments or changes to the plan. Reported in Table 10-1.

Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation
Section 10.1, Table 2-1,
Appendix L
6 of 7
City of Fresno Appendix A
2020 UWMP Checklist
Retail Wholesale 2020 Guidebook Location Water Code Section Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020 UWMP Location (Optional Column for Agency Review Use) x x Section 10.4 10621(f) Each urban water supplier shall update and submit its 2020 plan to the department by July 1, 2021. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation TBD xx Sections 10.2.2, 10.3, and 10.5 10642
Provide supporting documentation that the urban water supplier made the plan and contingency plan available for public inspection, publishednotice of the public hearing, and held a public hearing about the plan and contingency plan.

Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation
Appendix L
x x Section 10.2.2 10642 The water supplier is to provide the time and place of the hearing to any city or county within which the supplier provides water. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation Appendix L x x Section 10.3.2 10642 Provide supporting documentation that the plan and contingency plan has been adopted as prepared or modified. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation Appendix M x x Section 10.4 10644(a) Provide supporting documentation that the urban water supplier has submitted this UWMP to the California State Library. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation TBD x x Section 10.4 10644(a)(1)
Provide supporting documentation that the urban water supplier has submitted this UWMP to any city or county within which the supplier provides water no later than 30 days after adoption.

Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation
TBD
xx
Sections 10.4.1 and

10.4.2 10644(a)(2) The plan, or amendments to the plan, submitted to the department shall be submitted electronically. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation TBD x x Section 10.5 10645(a)
Provide supporting documentation that, not later than 30 days after filing a copy of its plan with the department, the supplier has or will make the plan available for public review during normal business hours.

Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation
TBD
x x Section 10.5 10645(b)
Provide supporting documentation that, not later than 30 days after filing a copy of its water shortage contingency plan with the department, the supplier has or will make the plan available for public review during normal business hours.

Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation
TBD
x x Section 10.6 10621(c) If supplier is regulated by the Public Utilities Commission, include its plan and contingency plan as part of its general rate case filings. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation N/Ax x Section 10.7.2 10644(b) If revised, submit a copy of the water shortage contingency plan to DWR within 30 days of adoption. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation TBD 7 of 7
B
B
DWR Standardized
Tables
Public Water
System Number Public Water System Name Number of Municipal Connections 2020 Volume of Water
Supplied 2020
CA1010007 CITY OF FRESNO 139,523 121,994
- Total: 139,523 121,994
2-1R | Public Water Systems
Note: Data provided by City of Fresno Water Division
City of Fresno Appendix B 2020 UWMP Tables

Page 1 of 31 ends

Fresno City CouncilAugust 14, 2025

Fresno City Council
August 14, 2025