Agenda packet — Healdsburg City Council, May 1, 2023 (part 4 of 4)

Policy 3.10 Support and collaborate with local and surrounding neighborhood associations, Fire Safe Councils, and Citizens Organized to Prepare for Emergencies (COPE) organizations to develop area-specific wildfire response plans.

Policy 3.11 Reduce wildfire hazards on lands surrounding the City, particularly on the eastern edge through cooperation with landowners, the Northern Sonoma County Fire Protection District, Cal Fire, and other entities to reduce fuel and create fire resistant ‘buffer zones.’ Policy 3.12 Require and provide technical guidance and financial incentives to homeowners for completing ‘defensible space’ and fire safe building ‘hardening’ retrofitting.

Goal 4: Support and promote housing production during the Planning Period, emphasizing affordable and middleincome housing needs.

Policy 4.1 Post an accessible, interactive, and ‘user-friendly’ version of the City’s Housing Sites Inventory that includes site-specific development information to attract, engage and encourage prospective developers.

Policy 4.2 Cooperate, partner and provide local matching funds with affordable housing developers to: a) benefit from their expertise and resources available for the development of affordable housing units, and b) support their efforts to secure Low-Income Housing Tax Credits and other development financial assistance.

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14 Topic Goals and Supportive Policies
Policy 4.3 Provide regulatory, processing, and financial incentives to developers that provide on-site affordable housing for people with special needs, including extremely low-, very low-, and low-income renters and buyers. Such incentives shall include contribution of City-owned sites, modification of development standards, priority processing, and direct financial assistance. Requests for incentives shall be made with the initial project application and shall be determined on a case-by-case basis, consistent with Government Code 65915.

Policy 4.4 Continue to require on-site production of low- and moderate-income housing units within new residential development projects consistent with the City’s Inclusionary Housing Ordinance.

Policy 4.5 Grant density bonuses in accordance with State law and City Ordinance and continue to grant an additional density bonus when an applicant proposes that 100 percent of the bonus units not restricted to lower-income households will be affordable to moderate- and middle-income households.

Policy 4.6 As a part of future market-rate housing projects involving development agreements, require a substantial portion of housing created to be exclusively available to the local workforce on a continuing basis through title or price restrictions, (e.g., resales must meet first sale price and continuing price restrictions).

Policy 4.7: Provide direct subsidies to middle-income, local workforce households to improve credit worthiness and offset equity requirements using ‘silent second mortgages’ equity sharing, or other subsidy instruments.

Policy 4.8. Develop moderate- and middle-income ownership housing in concert with the Housing Land Trust of Sonoma County (or other similar organizations) specifically targeted at providing home ownership opportunities to moderate- and middle-income, local workforce families.

Goal 5: Support and promote housing for homeless, special needs households, farmworkers, and elderly individuals.

Policy 5.1 Quantify the housing needs of people with disabilities, including residents with developmental disabilities, female-headed households, the housing needs of the homeless and those in peril of becoming homeless, and the housing needs of farmworkers.

Policy 5.2 Continue current City efforts to address homeless population needs by expanding transitional and supportive housing within Healdsburg and sustaining related services.

Policy 5.3 Amend multifamily, mixed-use, and nonresidential zoning districts to allow permanent supportive housing and low-barrier navigation centers, pursuant to AB 101 and AB 2162.

Policy 5.4 Increase the number of extremely low-income units in affordable housing developments by expanding City subsidies to these projects and including units that qualify as a ‘housing unit' in future City-sponsored transitional and supportive services projects and pursuing siting, production, rehabilitation, and preservation of housing for extremely low-income households, including nontraditional housing types.

Policy 5.5 Encourage and facilitate the transition of homeless residents to permanent housing.

Policy 5.6 Collaborate with the County, other cities, and non-profit organizations to meet the needs of the homeless and those at risk of homelessness in Healdsburg.

Policy 5.8 Continue to encourage the provision of housing to serve people with developmental disabilities in new affordable housing projects by facilitating needed Community Care Housing and Community Development (HCD) licensing, streamlining required land use approvals, requiring affordable housing developers to set aside a portion of their units for the developmentally disabled, and offering available subsidies and granting fee waivers.

Policy 5.9 Assist special needs housing project partners by seeking dedicated funding for developmentally disabled affordable housing construction including state and federal grants as they become available, and support construction funding applications for affordable housing projects serving the developmentally disabled.

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Topic Goals and Supportive Policies
Policy 5.10 Continue to provide individuals with disabilities ‘Reasonable Accommodation’ through universal design standards and flexibility in zoning and building code regulations as necessary to eliminate barriers to housing.

Policy 5.11 Require the inclusion of units meeting special needs in affordable housing projects developed with City assistance, where feasible and appropriate.

Goal 6: Affirmatively further fair housing and promote environmental justice for all residents by ensuring fair and equal housing opportunities for all Healdsburg residents regardless of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, age, marital status, national origin, ancestry, familial status, disability, or source of income, and promoting fair housing practices and prohibiting discrimination.

Policy 6.1 Ensure compliance with fair housing laws and prohibit discrimination in housing by providing fair housing services that include public information, engagement, counseling, and investigation.

Policy 6.2 Actively sanction discriminatory housing practices.

Policy 6.3 Affirmatively further fair housing by facilitating deliberate action to address and combat disparities and enhance economic mobility, by fostering inclusive communities and preventing the perpetuation of existing patterns of segregation.

Policy 6.4 Ensure that affected residents have the opportunity to participate in decisions that impact their health. Facilitate the involvement of residents, businesses, and organizations in all aspects of the planning process, utilizing culturally appropriate approaches for public participation and involvement.

Policy 6.5 Provide all informational documents, web-postings, and related services in English and Spanish, and conduct all outreach multilingually, with reasonable accommodation for people with disabilities.

Policy 6.6 Focus affordable housing development in Higher-Resource areas well served by public transportation, schools, retail, and other services.

Policy 6.7 Improve public facilities and municipal services in existing Lower-Resource Areas where deficiencies are shown to exist.

Policy 6.8 Provide housing opportunities for all household income cohorts throughout Healdsburg while avoiding or mitigating displacement of existing residents.

Policy 6.9 Provide high quality and equitable public services, including public transportation, crime prevention, police protection, street lighting, street cleaning, and recreational facilities and programs, throughout the City.

Policy 6.10 Continue to limit regulatory and enforcement actions against tenants indeed-restricted and naturally occurring affordable housing by providing adequate time or extensions to address violations unless there is an imminent threat to public health and safety.

Policy 6.11 Continue to implement the City’s Reasonable Accommodations Ordinance to ensure that all persons have access to housing of their choice, regardless of ability.

Policy 6.12 Ensure that the City’s programs and policies continue to improve or eliminate the health disparities of residents in existing disadvantaged communities.

Goal 7: Achieve a high standard of energy efficiency, water conservation, and ‘net-zero’ energy and water usage throughout the City, including existing and new development.

Policy 7.1 Expand existing City efforts and vigorously pursue new initiatives to increase water conservation and water supply capacity to both sustain supply for existing rate payers and provide capacity for new housing development.

Policy 7.2 Require energy-efficiency performance in new housing and other development that meets or exceeds minimum State building standards.

Policy 7.3 Expand reliance on renewable energy sources for City utilities including solar, geothermal, and cogeneration sources.

Policy 7.4 Provide public information and links to subsidy programs and vendors for energy efficiency improvements and on-site energy saving and production retrofitting options for existing homes.

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16 Topic Goals and Supportive Policies
Policy 7.5 Assist homeowners and businesses with conforming to water conservation measures through public information, workshops, access to needed appliances and equipment, and financing.

Policy 7.6 Expand the inventory of electric vehicle charging stations through public investment and requirements on private parking facilities.

Policy 7.7 Require energy-efficient site development and waste disposal practices.

Policy 7.8 Include facilities for non-automobile transportation as a part of project approvals and plans, including pedestrian ways, access, and interconnections, on street and dedicated bikeways, and transit options.

Policy 7.9 Require the planting of drought tolerant street trees as a part of all residential development and parking projects and sustain and expand tree canopy in existing Lower-Resource neighborhoods more susceptible to extreme heat due to a lack of street trees.

Source: Healdsburg, City of: Draft Healdsburg 2023-2031 Housing Element.

Consistency Analysis
Common-sense Exemption Applicability
Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3), also known as the “common-sense” exemption, CEQA exempts activities that can be seen with certainty to have no possibility for causing a significant effect on the environment. The Guidelines state in that section that “a project is exempt from CEQA if…the activity is covered by the common-sense exemption that CEQA applies only to projects which have the potential for causing a significant effect on the environment. Where it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment, the activity is not subject to CEQA.” The proposed plan meets the above criteria, because Healdsburg would meet its RHNA requirement through the construction of pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs.

Specifically, Healdsburg would exceed its RHNA by 325 units through implementation of all the pending, approved, and permitted projects, alone. As shown below in Table 6, all of these projects are undergoing, or have completed, their own CEQA process. Individual or cumulative potentially significant environmental impacts are identified and mitigated through the CEQA process undergone by each of the projects.

In addition, the conversion sites provide an additional 61 potential units and are included as part of the Housing Element. The conversion sites are each individually exempt from CEQA and are currently under construction as described in Table 4. The conversion sites would not be cumulatively significant, as they are all currently residential or motel units that would be renovated to meet Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement. Additionally, the conversion sites are scattered throughout Healdsburg and are not concentrated in an area where cumulatively significant impacts would be expected to occur.

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Table 6 Pending, Approved, and Permitted Projects CEQA Status Project Name Type of CEQA Document Status1
111 Sawmill 2017 CEQA CE Checklist Report CEQA completed 155 Dry Creek Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND) CEQA in progress Saggio Hills (located in northern portion of
Healdsburg)
Environmental Impact Report (EIR) CEQA completed
3 Healdsburg (located in southern portion of
Healdsburg)
Anticipated Notice of Exemption CEQA in progress/
Planning Commission
Workshop Completed
Enso Village (part of Healdsburg North Entry
Master Plan EIR)
Environmental Impact Report (EIR) CEQA completed
Comstock (part of Healdsburg North Entry
Master Plan EIR)
Environmental Impact Report (EIR) CEQA completed
Farmstand (eastern portion of Healdsburg) Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND) CEQA completed Common-sense Exemption Analysis
As discussed below, the proposed plan, as a policy document that facilitates development through the methods described above to meet the Healdsburg’s RHNA, would not in and of itself have any significant effect on the environment.

Aesthetics
Healdsburg includes several scenic roadways as indicated by the 2030 General Plan9:
 Highway 101 - Entire length within the Planning Area
 Healdsburg Avenue - North of Grove Street
 North Fitch Mountain Road - East of Benjamin Way
 South Fitch Mountain Road - East of Heron Drive
 Healdsburg Avenue - South of the Russian River bridge These scenic roadways are primarily located along the west and southeast edges of Healdsburg’s sphere of influence. There are also scenic ridgelines within Healdsburg including Fitch Mountain and Healdsburg Ridge10 he nearest designated State Scenic Highway is Highway 12 near Santa Rosa which is located approximately 15 miles south of Healdsburg. Healdsburg is not visible from Highway 12 and would not result in impacts to State scenic highways.

Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project specific CEQA to analyze project specific impacts on aesthetics. Healdsburg is an urbanized area, and the pending, approved, and permitted projects as well as the conversion sites are located in built-out areas of Healdsburg. Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process already. Projects exempt from CEQA such as conversion sites are within existing developments, and ADUs are minimal in size so as to have little to no effect related to aesthetics. Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the following policies from the Healdsburg 2030 9 City of Healdsburg. 2009. 2030 General Plan. Available: https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/634/General-PlanPolicy-Document-PDF [accessed February 6, 2023]. 10 City of Healdsburg. 2009. 2030 General Plan Background Report. Available:
https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/633/General-Plan-Background-Report-PDF [accessed February 21, 2023].

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18 General Plan Land Use and Natural Resource Elements that protect Healdsburg’s scenic resources and visual character:
 Goal LU-C: A pattern and intensity of land use that respects residential neighborhoods as well as natural constraints and conditions.

Policy LU-C-1: Only low-intensity urban development and open space land uses shall be allowed in areas characterized by steep slopes, environmental hazards, scenic ridgelines and hillsides. Clustering of development in these areas shall be encouraged to preserve open space, meet the policies of the General Plan concerning natural hazards and scenic resources and minimize the costs of infrastructure improvements.

Policy LU-C-2: Intensive urban development shall be allowed only in areas that are relatively free of topographic, geologic and environmental limitations.  Goal NR-C: Preservation and enhancement of Healdsburg’s natural setting.

Policy NR-C-3: Development shall be allowed only in a manner that protects important views and landmarks such as Fitch Mountain, Russian River, and the foothills to the north, west and east of the city.

Policy NR-C-5: Major scenic ridgelines and highly visible hillsides shall be protected from visually obtrusive development.

Policy NR-C-6: Protection of distinctive natural vegetation such as oak woodlands, riparian corridors, and mixed evergreen forest is encouraged.

Policy NR-C-7: The viewshed along scenic highways, roads and streets shall be protected and enhanced.

The proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis to address potentially significant individual or cumulative impacts. Exempt projects are either existing developments converted to housing use or of minimal size adjacent to existing development and, therefore, are not anticipated to negatively impact aesthetics. Additionally, because all proposed development is dispersed throughout Healdsburg and not concentrated in one area, CEQA exempt projects are not anticipated to result in cumulatively significant impacts if implemented along with the planned, permitted, and approved development projects that individually have undergone or are currently undergoing CEQA analysis. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the aforementioned policies in the 2030 General Plan protecting scenic resources and the visual character of Healdsburg. Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts to aesthetics as a result of the proposed plan.

Air Quality, GHG Emissions, and Energy
Healdsburg is located within the North Coast Air Basin and is within the Northern Sonoma County Air Pollution Control District (NSCAPCD) jurisdiction. According to the California Air Resources Board, Healdsburg is unclassified or in attainment for all of the criteria air pollutants (Ozone, PM2.5,

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PM10,Carbon Monoxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfates, Lead, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Visibility Reducing Particles).11
Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project specific CEQA to analyze project specific impacts on air quality. Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process already. Projects exempt from CEQA such as conversion sites are within existing developments and are currently used for residential units or as motel units which are similar to the proposed residential use, therefore, they would not have a significant impact on air quality, GHG emissions, or energy. ADUs are minimal in size and would be built adjacent to existing development and therefore would not have significant impacts on air quality, GHG emissions, or energy.

Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the California Air Resources Board’s 2022 Scoping Plan and the following goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Natural Resources and Housing Elements that address air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, and energy:
 Goal NR-F: Protection and improvement of air quality in the Healdsburg area Policy NR-F-1: The City will encourage the use of transit systems and other alternatives to automobile use.

Policy NR-F-2: The City will promote land use patterns that support the use of transit systems and pedestrian and bicycle facilities.

Policy NR-F-3: The City will seek to minimize particulate matter emissions from woodburning fireplaces and stoves, and construction activities.  Goal H-G: Promote energy conservation in residential development and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Policy H-G-2: Require energy-efficiency performance in new housing that meets or exceeds minimum State standards.

Policy H-G-3: Promote energy-efficient residential site development practices.

Policy H-G-4 Reduce residential cooling needs associated with the urban heat island effect.

Policy H-G-5: Accommodate pedestrians, bicyclists, and transit in new residential development.

Policy H-G-6: Provide safe routes for bicycling and walking between housing and transit stops, commercial services, and schools.

Policy H-G-7: Promote infill development to maximize the use of existing infrastructure and encourage patronage of alternative transportation modes.

Policy H-G-8: Require the planting of street trees as a part of all residential development projects.

Policy H-G-9: Require the perimeter and interior of parking lots associated with residential development to be landscaped with shrubs and shade trees.  Goal NR-E: Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase energy efficiency communitywide.

Policy NR-E-1: The City will reduce greenhouse gas emissions produced communitywide.

Policy NR-E-3: The City will comply with California’s Publicly Owned Electric Utilities’ Principles Addressing Greenhouse Gas Reduction Goals.
11 California Air Resources Board (CARB). 2022. Maps of State and Federal Area Designations. Available:
https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/maps-state-and-federal-area-designations. [accessed February 6, 2023]

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20 Policy NR-E-4: The City will support sustainable development and building practices and lead by example in municipal projects.

Policy NR-E-5: The City will encourage the use of large-scale trees in new development to lessen heat build-up from solar radiation.

Policy NR-E-6: The City will comply with state climate protection goals and programs to the maximum extent allowed by the City’s jurisdictional authority.

Policy 5.7 Encourage senior housing development, rehabilitation, and preservation, particularly in neighborhoods that are accessible to public transit, commercial services, healthcare, and community facilities.
 Goal 7: Achieve a high standard of energy efficiency, water conservation, and ‘net-zero’ energy and water usage throughout the City, including existing and new development.

Policy 7.2: Require energy-efficiency performance in new housing and other development that meets or exceeds minimum State building standards.

Policy 7.3: Expand reliance on renewable energy sources for City utilities including solar, geothermal, and cogeneration sources.

Policy 7.6: Expand the inventory of electric vehicle charging stations through public investment and requirements on private parking facilities.

Policy 7.7: Require energy-efficient site development and waste disposal practices.

Policy 7.8: Include facilities for non-automobile transportation as a part of project approvals and plans, including pedestrian ways, access, and interconnections, on street and dedicated bikeways, and transit options.

The proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis. Exempt projects are either existing developments converted to housing use or of minimal size adjacent to existing development, and therefore would not be anticipated to increase emissions and energy consumption, or negatively impact air quality. Additionally, because all proposed development is dispersed throughout Healdsburg and not concentrated in one area, CEQA exempt projects are not anticipated to result in cumulatively significant impacts if implemented along with the planned, permitted, and approved development projects which have individually undergone or are currently undergoing CEQA. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with aforementioned existing 2030 General Plan Housing Element goals and policies as discussed above. Development projects that are approved after 2023 would also be required to comply with the aforementioned proposed 2023-2031 Housing Element policies related to air quality, energy and greenhouse gas emissions. Approval, construction, and operation of these projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts to air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, or energy as a result of the proposed plan Biological, Agricultural, and Forest Resources

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Healdsburg is mostly made up of urban and built-up land. There are no listed critical habitats within the Healdsburg limits, and the nearest critical habitat is located approximately 7 miles west of Healdsburg near Cazadero.12 The Russian River, which is classified as a Riverine habitat according to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, flows along the southern and southeastern portions of Healdsburg.12 There is also a 4.23-acre freshwater emergent wetland habitat, a 0.45-acre freshwater pond habitat, a 0.71-acre Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland, a 0.6-acre Freshwater Emergent Wetland habitat, and a 0.13-acre Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland habitat clustered along the western edge of Healdsburg.
13 Pending projects closest to habitat sites would be the Farmstand Sites (completed project-specific CEQA) or the 155 Dry Creek site (currently undergoing projectspecific CEQA).

There are approximately 41 acres of prime farmland located at the southern edge of Healdsburg and in the northeastern area of Healdsburg. There are approximately ten acres of Farmland of Statewide Importance in the northwestern area of Healdsburg. There are 80 acres of Farmland of Local Importance along the southern and northeastern edges of Healdsburg. There are approximately 6 acres of unique farmland in northern Healdsburg. Additionally, there is a large area of grazing land in the northeastern region of Healdsburg. .
14 There are Oak Woodland/ Forest and Mixed Evergreen
Forest habitats concentrated in and around Fitch Mountain and along the Russian River Canyon.15 Pending projects closest to these agricultural and forestry resources would be Saggio Hills (completed CEQA), Comstock (completed CEQA) and 3 Healdsburg (CEQA in progress).

Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo its own project-specific CEQA process to determine what effects it could have on biological, agricultural, or forest resources.

Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process. The conversion units and ADUs are either already existing structures or constructed on developed land and, therefore, have no potential impact related to biological, agricultural, and forestry resources.

Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the following goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Natural Resources Element that protect and conserve biological, agricultural, and forest resources:
 Goal NR-B: Conservation and restoration of Healdsburg’s native plants and wildlife, ecosystems and waterways.

Policy NR-B-2: Large, mature trees that contribute to the visual quality of the environment or provide important wildlife habitat shall be protected.

Policy NR-B-3: New development shall be sited to maximize the protection of native tree species, riparian vegetation, important concentrations of native plants, and important wildlife habitat.

Policy NR-B-4: The use of native plant species in landscaping and in the replanting of cut slopes is encouraged.
12 United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 2023. USFWS Threatened & Endangered Species Active Critical Habitat Report. Available:
https://services.arcgis.com/QVENGdaPbd4LUkLV/ArcGIS/rest/services/USFWS_Critical_Habitat/FeatureServer[accessed February 6, 2023].
13 United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 2023. Available: https://www.fws.gov/program/national-wetlands-inventory/wetlandsmapper[accessed February 6, 2023]. 14 California Department of Conservation. 2022. California Important Farmland Finder. Available:
https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/ciff/ [accessed February 6, 2023]. 15 Healdsburg, City of. 2009. 2030 General Plan Background Report. Accessible:
https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/633/General-Plan-Background-Report-PDF [accessed February 21, 2023].

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22  Goal NR-C: Preservation and enhancement of Healdsburg’s natural setting.

Policy NR-C-1: The City will protect its existing natural features to give shape and form to Healdsburg. To this end, new development shall not be allowed to breach the Urban Growth Boundary except under the exceptional circumstances allowed by this General Plan.

Policy NR-C-4: The top of Fitch Mountain shall remain in open space to preserve its natural environment, scenic beauty and use for public trails.

Policy NR-C-5: Major scenic ridgelines and highly visible hillsides shall be protected from visually obtrusive development.

Policy NR-C-6: Protection of distinctive natural vegetation such as oak woodlands, riparian corridors, and mixed evergreen forest is encouraged.

Additionally, because all proposed development is dispersed throughout Healdsburg and not concentrated in one area, CEQA exempt projects are not anticipated to result in cumulatively significant impacts if implemented along with the planned, permitted, and approved development projects that have individually undergone or are currently undergoing CEQA. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the plans and policies discussed above including policies in the 2030 General Plan related to biological, agricultural, and forest resources. Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts to biological, agricultural, or forest resources as a result of the proposed plan.

Cultural and Tribal Cultural Resources
The Healdsburg Museum is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Additionally, the Healdsburg Historic District Overlay Zone has been applied to properties on both sides of Johnson Street, several blocks of Matheson Street, and ten individual buildings and properties.16 Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project specific CEQA to analyze project- and location-specific impacts related to cultural and tribal cultural resources.

Each project has already or will undergo their own cultural and tribal cultural analyses as part of their individual CEQA analyses. The conversion units and ADUs are either already existing structures or constructed on developed land and, therefore, have no potential impact related to cultural and tribal cultural resources.
16 Healdsburg, City of. 2009. 2030 General Plan Background Report. Accessible:
https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/633/General-Plan-Background-Report-PDF [accessed February 21, 2023].

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Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the following goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Historic and Cultural Resources Element that protect and preserve cultural and tribal cultural resources:
 Goal HCR-A: Preservation and enhancement of Healdsburg’s historical heritage.

Policy HCR-A-1: The City will promote the protection and enhancement of Healdsburg’s historically significant districts, buildings and landscape features.

Policy HCR-A-2: The City will support the efforts of owners of qualified properties in seeking local historic designation, listing on the California Register and/or the Federal Register of Historic Sites.

Policy HCR-A-3: The City will support the efforts of property owners to preserve and renovate historically significant structures.
 Goal HCR-B: Protection and preservation of Healdsburg’s Native American cultural places.

Policy HCR-B-2: The City will work with culturally-affiliated Native American tribes to identify and appropriately address cultural resources and tribal sacred sites through the development review process.

Policy HCR-B-3: The City will avoid or mitigate to the maximum feasible extent impacts of development on Native American archaeological and cultural resources.

Policy HCR-B-4: The City will encourage voluntary landowner efforts to protect cultural resources and tribal sacred sites of culturally-affiliated tribes consistent with state law.

Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts to cultural and tribal cultural resources as a result of the proposed plan.

Geology, Soils, and Mineral Resources
There are no faults that underlie Healdsburg. The nearest fault is the Rodgers Creek Fault located approximately 3 miles southeast of Healdsburg.17 Healdsburg is not in an area designated as a low moderate or high liquefaction hazard zone, nor is it located within a landslide zone.

The 2030 General Plan includes a discussion of sand and gravel mines along the Russian River within Healdsburg. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the 17 California Department of Conservation. 2021. California Earthquake Hazards Zone Application. Accessible:
https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/EQZApp/app/ [accessed February 7, 2023].

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24 following goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 Natural Resources Element that guide mining activities:
 Goal NR-G: Continuation of existing mineral extraction activities in an environmentally sensitive manner.

Policy NR-G-1: The City will provide through its regulatory powers for the continued use of properties along the Russian River for sand and gravel mining operations. Such operations shall be allowed to continue for the productive and economic life of the operations so long as it can be demonstrated that no significant adverse environmental impacts to water quality, geomorphology, flooding and biological resources will occur.

Policy NR-G-2: Lands currently being mined for sand and gravel shall be reclaimed and rendered useful for another use upon the cessation of mining activity.

Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be built in accordance with the 2019 California Building Code and the Healdsburg Municipal Code to reduce the risk of loss, injury, or death because of strong seismic ground shaking or liquefaction. Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with goals and policies as outlined in the 2030 General Plan related to mineral resources as discussed above. Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts related to geology, soils, or mineral resources as a result of the proposed plan.

Hazards, Hazardous Materials, and Wildfire
A search of the Department of Toxic Substances Control Envirostor Database showed one State response cleanup site on the south edge of Healdsburg. 18.

This site is closest to the 3 Healdsburg and
111 Sawmill housing sites. According to the GeoTracker Database,19 there are three open LUST cleanup sites and two cleanup program sites near Dry Creek Road in the northwest corner of Healdsburg. The nearest projects to these sites would be 155 Dry Creek and Farmstand.

Additionally, there is an open cleanup program site near Powell Avenue and Healdsburg Avenue, and there are two open cleanup program sites, one near Vine Street and the other near North Street in the southwest corner of Healdsburg. The nearest projects to these sites would be 3 Healdsburg, 111 Sawmill, and L&M Village (conversion site). 18 Department of Toxic Substances Control. 2021. EnviroStor Database. Available:
https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=healdsburg+ca [accessed February 13, 2023]. 19 State Water resources Control Board. 2023. GeoTracker Database. Available: https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/ [accessed February 13, 2023].

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Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project- and locationspecific CEQA to determine if any of these cleanup sites would have an environmental impact. Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process already. Specifically, 155 Dry Creek and 3 Healdsburg are undergoing CEQA currently. Farmstand and 111 Sawmill have completed CEQA and the L&M site is individually exempt from CEQA, as it is currently a motel that will be converted to housing units. L&M Village is not on a hazardous waste site and is approximately 0.4 miles from the nearest cleanup site. Furthermore, it is currently used as a motel, which is similar to a residential use. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts related to hazardous materials at this site.

Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with existing regulations such as the Resources Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), the California Hazardous Waste Control Law (California H&SC Division 20, Chapter 6.5), and the Hazardous Waste Control Regulations (Title 22, California Code of Regulations, Divisions 4 and 4.5). Development facilitated by the proposed plan would also be required to comply with the following goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Safety Element related to hazardous materials:
 Goal S-H: Protection of Healdsburg residents and visitors from the effects of hazardous materials.

Policy S-H-1: The City shall regulate the production, use, storage and transport of hazardous materials.

Policy S-H-2: The City shall protect new development from existing hazardous materials.

Healdsburg is not located within a State fire hazard severity zone,20 however, there are areas of moderate, high, and very high fire hazard severity that border Healdsburg to the east. There are also areas of high fire hazard severity located outside of the northwestern edge of Healdsburg.

No pending approved or permitted projects would be within these zones. Saggio Hills, Enso Village, and Comstock would be the nearest projects to these zones. Specifically, Saggio Hills and Comstock would be adjacent to (approximately 0.2 miles) the high fire hazard severity zone along the northwestern edge of Healdsburg. Enso Village would be adjacent to (approximately 0.1 miles) the moderate fire hazard severity zone along the eastern border of Healdsburg. Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project specific CEQA to determine project specific wildfire impacts. Many of these projects, including Saggio Hills, Enso Village, and Comstock have completed the CEQA process already. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the following goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Safety Element related to wildfire:
 Goal S-D: Prevent the loss of lives, injuries, and property damage due to wildland and urban fires.

Policy S-D-1: Areas of high fire hazard as determined by Cal Fire shall be designated for open space or low-intensity uses
Policy S-D-2: All new development designated as being in a wildland high fire hazard zone shall:
a. Be constructed to meet wildland urban interface standards as required by the California Fire & Building Code.
20 California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. 2022. Fire Hazard Severity Zones in State Responsibility Area. Available:
https://calfire-forestry.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=4466cf1d2b9947bea1d4269997e86553 [accessed February 7, 2023].

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26 b. Implement and maintain vegetation management plans around all structures in accordance with state and local standards.

Policy S-D-5: The City will seek to minimize response time to fires.

Furthermore, development projects facilitated by the proposed plan that are approved after 2023 would be required to comply with proposed 2023-2031 Housing Element goals and policies such as:
 Goal 3: Preserve and improve the City’s existing housing stock and community character in residential neighborhoods, while allowing greater density (e.g., ADUs/JADUs, SB 9, multiplexes) Policy 3.11: Reduce wildfire hazards on lands surrounding the City, particularly on the eastern edge through cooperation with landowners, the Northern Sonoma County Fire Protection District, Cal Fire, and other entities to reduce fuel and create fire resistant 'buffer zones.’
The proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet the Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis. Exempt projects are either existing developments converted to housing use or of minimal size adjacent to existing development and, therefore, would not result in significant impacts related to hazards and wildfire. Additionally, because all proposed development is dispersed throughout Healdsburg and not concentrated in one area, CEQA exempt projects are not anticipated to result in cumulatively significant impacts if implemented along with the planned, permitted, and approved development projects that have individually undergone or are currently undergoing CEQA.

Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with regulations governing the transportation and disposal of hazardous waste as well as existing 2030 General Plan Safety Element goals and policies. Development projects that are approved after 2023 would be required to comply with the proposed 2023-2031 Housing Element policies related to wildfire.

Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts related to hazards, hazardous materials, or wildfire as a result of the proposed plan.

Hydrology and Water Quality
According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood Insurance Rate Map, 21 no portion of Healdsburg is located within a flood zone. Healdsburg is located within the Russian River Watershed, which is regulated by the North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board.

Additionally, Healdsburg is served by the Healdsburg Groundwater Sub basin. The Russian River flows through the southern portion of Healdsburg. and Foss Creek flows through the southwest portion of Healdsburg
Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project- and locationspecific CEQA to determine project specific impacts related to hydrology and water quality. Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process already. Exempt projects are either existing developments converted to housing use or of minimal size adjacent to existing development and, therefore, would not result in significant impacts related to hydrology and water quality. 21 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2021. Flood Map. Available:
https://msc.fema.gov/portal/search?AddressQuery=healdsburg%20ca#searchresultsanchor [accessed February 8, 2023].

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Additionally, because all proposed development is dispersed throughout Healdsburg and not concentrated in one area, CEQA exempt projects are not anticipated to result in cumulatively significant impacts if implemented along with the planned, permitted, and approved development projects that have individually undergone or are currently undergoing CEQA. Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with existing regulations such as The Clean Water Act, the Porter- Cologne Water Quality Act, Healdsburg’s Municipal Code, and the 2030 General Plan including goals and policies from the Natural Resources Element as outlined below. Individual projects may also have to obtain National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) or similar construction permits from the State Water Resources Control Board.

These requirements would be discussed in project specific CEQA documents when completed for each pending. approved, and permitted project. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would also be required to comply with the following goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Natural Resources Element related to water ways, flows, and quality:
 Goal NR-A: Improve water quality and flows in the Russian River, Dry Creek and Foss Creek to protect the city’s water supply, recreation, fish and wildlife.

Policy NR-A-2: The City will seek to minimize siltation, sedimentation and pollution discharge into receiving waterways from construction activities and ongoing operations.

Policy NR-A-4: Land with important watershed values shall be designated for open space or very low-intensity uses.
 Goal NR-B: Conservation and restoration of Healdsburg’s native plants and wildlife, ecosystems and waterways.

Policy NR-B-1: Channel improvements to, and tree and brush clearance activities along Foss Creek shall not unnecessarily disturb riparian vegetation, shall seek to maintain and provide a sufficient shade canopy over the creek, and shall use plants and natural materials to the extent feasible in bank stabilization projects.

The proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet the Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with regulations governing water quality including goals and policies from the 2030 General Plan as discussed above. Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts related to hydrology and water quality as a result of the proposed plan.

Land Use Planning, Population, and Housing
As of 2022, Healdsburg has a population of approximately 11,030 residents and 5,074 housing units.22 Healdsburg largely consists of residential, commercial, and mixed-use land use zones that are especially concentrated within the downtown area. There are also some industrial uses concentrated in the southern portion of Healdsburg.
22 California Department of Finance. 2022. Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, 2020-2022. Accessible:
https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates/e-5-population-and-housing-estimates-for-cities-counties-and-the-state-2020- 2022/ [accessed February 8, 2023].

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28 Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project specific CEQA to determine project specific impacts related to land use, population, and housing. Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process already. Projects exempt from CEQA such as conversion sites are within existing developments and are currently used for residential units or as motel units that are similar in nature to the proposed residential use; therefore, they would not have a significant impact related to land use planning, population and housing. ADUs are minimal in size and would be built adjacent to existing developments and would not result insignificant impacts related to land use planning, population, and housing. Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the following existing goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Housing Element related to land use planning, population, and housing:
 Goal H-A: Maximize opportunities for the development of a variety of housing types to accommodate anticipated growth, facilitate mobility within both the ownership and rental markets, and encourage a diverse community.

Policy H-A-2: Encourage residential projects to develop at the higher end of the allowable density range.

Policy H-A-8: Encourage residential development in the Central Healdsburg Avenue Special Study Area consistent with the vision in the Central Healdsburg Avenue Area Plan.

Furthermore, development projects facilitated by the proposed plan that are approved after 2023 would be required to comply with proposed 2023-2031 Housing Element goals and policies such as:
 Goal 1: Maintain affordable housing sites and expand housing development capacity as needed to accommodate the City’s regional housing need throughout the eight-year Planning Period and beyond.

Policy 1.6: Evaluate and where appropriate increase minimum housing density requirements for residential and mixed-use Land Use Element Designations and corresponding Zoning Districts.

The proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis. Exempt projects are either existing developments converted to housing use or of minimal size adjacent to existing development and, therefore, would not result in significant impacts related to land use planning, population, and housing. Additionally, because all proposed development is dispersed throughout Healdsburg and not concentrated in one area, CEQA exempt projects are not anticipated to result in cumulatively significant impacts if implemented along with the planned, permitted, and approved development projects that have individually undergone or are currently undergoing CEQA. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with existing 2030 General Plan Housing Element goals and any development approved after 2023 would be required to comply with the proposed 2023-2031 Housing Element policies related to housing as discussed above. Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts related to land use planning, population, and housing as a result of the proposed plan.

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Noise
The main sources of noise in Healdsburg are roadway vehicle, particularly along Highway 101 and arterials such as Healdsburg Avenue, the railroad (when in operation), certain downtown uses which collectively or intermittently create a higher than average sound level, and various industrial uses.23 Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project specific CEQA to determine impacts related to noise. Projects exempt from CEQA such as conversion sites are within existing development and are currently used for residential units or as motel units which are similar to the proposed residential use, therefore, they would not have a significant impact on noise either during construction or operation. ADUs are minimal in size and would be built adjacent to existing development and therefore would not have significant impacts on noise. Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process already. Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the following existing goals and policies from Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Safety Element related to noise exposure:
 Goal S-G: Protection of residents and other sensitive noise receptors from the harmful effects of excessive noise.

Policy S-G-1: New development shall not be approved unless it is generally consistent with the Land Use Compatibility for Community Noise Environments guidelines and it is demonstrated that the new development will not violate the City’s ordinance regulating excessive noise.

Policy S-G-2: The City will require the inclusion of design techniques in new construction that minimize noise impacts, including building location and orientation, building design features, and placement of noise-tolerant components (i.e., parking, utility areas, and maintenance facilities) between noise sources and the sensitive receptor areas where necessary to meet the Land Use Compatibility for Community Noise Environments guidelines.

Policy S-G-4: The City will promote compliance with state and federal noise regulations.

Policy S-G-5: The City will work to minimize noise impacts related to passenger or freight rail service.

The proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis. Exempt projects are either existing developments converted to housing use or of minimal size adjacent to existing development, and therefore would not result in significant impacts related to noise. Additionally, because all proposed development is dispersed throughout Healdsburg and not concentrated in one area, CEQA exempt projects are not anticipated to result in cumulatively significant impacts if implemented along with the planned, permitted, and approved development projects which have individually undergone or are currently undergoing CEQA. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with goals and policies from the 2030 General Plan related to noise. Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts related to noise as a result of the proposed plan. 23 Healdsburg, City of. 2009. 2030 General Plan Background Report- Noise. Accessible:
https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/633/General-Plan-Background-Report-PDF [accessed February 21, 2023].

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30 Public Services and Recreation
Healdsburg is served by the Healdsburg Fire Department located at 601 Healdsburg Ave. The Healdsburg Fire Department is made up of 12 paid personnel and 22 reserve firefighters.24 Healdsburg is served by the Healdsburg Police Department located at 238 Center Street. The Healdsburg Police Department has 5 sergeants and 10 patrol officers.25 There are three schools within Healdsburg Unified School District: Healdsburg Elementary School, Healdsburg Junior High, and Healdsburg High School. Private schools outside the Healdsburg Unified School District include Marce Becerra Academy Continuation High, the Healdsburg School, and Saint John the Baptist. Healdsburg also has 10 parks as well as The Fitch Mountain Open Space Preserve and Healdsburg Ridge Open Space Preserve.26
Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project specific CEQA to determine project specific impacts related to public services including police, fire, school facilities and recreation. Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process already. Conversion sites and ADUs which are exempt from CEQA would not result in significant impacts to public services and recreation because the conversion sites are currently used for housing or as motel units which are similar to residential units. ADUs would be minimal in size and therefore would not result in a significant increase in residents which could impact public services and recreation significantly.

Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the following existing goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Public Services Element related to public services and recreation:
 Goal PS-E: Maintenance, at minimum, of current levels of police and fire services as new development occurs.

Policy PS-E-2: The City will offset the need for new Fire Department staff and equipment and improve fire safety by continuing to require built-in fire protection equipment in new development.

Policy PS-E-3: The City Fire Department will ensure that the design of new development facilitates access by firefighting apparatus.
 Goal PS-F: Maintenance of adequate facilities for the educational needs of Healdsburg residents.

Policy PS-F-1: The City will assist the Healdsburg Unified School District in its efforts to more efficiently provide school services and facilities to serve existing and future development.

Policy PS-F-2: The City will coordinate residential development information with the Healdsburg Unified School District and assist the District by not issuing building permits until the school district has collected its impact fee as provided for by state law and district resolution.
24 Healdsburg, City of. 2023. Fire Department. Available: https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/248/Fire-Department[ accessed February 8, 2023].
25 Healdsburg, City of. 2023. Police: About the Department. Available: https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/149/Police [accessed February 8, 2023].
26 Healdsburg, City of. 2020. Park Map. Available: https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/11906/City-of-HealdsburgPark-Map-2020 [accessed February 8, 2023].

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 Goal PS-H: A park and recreation system that is suited to the needs and interests of Healdsburg residents and visitors.

Policy PS-H-1: The City will expand the community and neighborhood park system with the goal of providing park facilities within reasonable walking distance of all city residential areas.

Policy PS-H-4: City park acquisition and development efforts shall be based on a goal of 5 acres of developed neighborhood and community parkland per 1,000 residents within the Urban Service Area.

Policy PS-H-5: The City will promote the provision of parks as part of new residential developments by continuing to assess park development fees on these projects, or accepting land for park purposes in lieu of park development fees, in part or in whole, based on a development agreement.

Policy Ps-H-6: The City will continue to assess park development fees on all new commercial, industrial, and residential development sufficient to fund system-wide park improvements.

Furthermore, development projects facilitated by the proposed plan that are approved after 2023 would be required to comply with proposed 2023-2031 Housing Element goals and policies such as:
 Goal 6 Affirmatively further fair housing and promote environmental justice for all residents by ensuring fair and equal housing opportunities for all Healdsburg residents regardless of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, age, marital status, national origin, ancestry, familial status, disability, or source of income, and promoting fair housing practices and prohibiting discrimination.

Policy 6.7: Improve public facilities and municipal services in existing Lower-Resource Areas where deficiencies are shown to exist.

Policy 6.9: Provide high quality and equitable public services, including public transportation, crime prevention, police protection, street lighting, street cleaning, and recreational facilities and programs, throughout the City.

The proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with existing goals and policies from the 2030 General Plan as discussed above. Exempt projects are either existing developments converted to housing use or of minimal size adjacent to existing development, and therefore would not result in significant impacts related to public services and recreation. Additionally, because all proposed development is dispersed throughout Healdsburg and not concentrated in one area, CEQA exempt projects are not anticipated to result in cumulatively significant impacts if implemented along with the planned, permitted, and approved development projects which have individually undergone or are currently undergoing CEQA. Development projects approved after 2023 would be required to comply with the proposed 2023-2031 Housing Element policies related to public services and recreation. Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts related to public services and recreation as a result of the proposed plan.

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32 Transportation
Regional roadway access to Healdsburg is provided via US Highway 101. Local roadway access is provided by Healdsburg Avenue, Dry Creek Road, and Mill Street. Healdsburg has a network of Class I, Class II, and Class III bike lanes and seven “pedestrian districts” including the downtown district, which is roughly bounded by Grove, Center, North and Matheson Streets.27. Sonoma County Transit provides public bus transportation to residents of Healdsburg via Route 67. In addition, former and future regional rail transportation is provided via the Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit (SMART) station located at 300 Hudson Street.

Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project specific CEQA to determine project specific impacts related to transportation. Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process already. Conversion units are located in existing structures and therefore would result in minimal transportation impacts during construction. Additionally, since the conversion sites are currently used either for housing, or as motel units which are similar to residential units, there would be minimal transportation impacts during operation of these projects.

New ADUs would be scattered throughout the urbanized areas of Healdsburg and therefore would disperse potential transportation impacts.

Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with the Healdsburg Pedestrian and Bicycle Master Plan and the following existing goals and policies from the Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Transportation Element of the 2030 related to transportation:
 Goal T-A: A circulation system that is correlated with existing and proposed land use and provides for the efficient movement of people, goods, and services within and through Healdsburg.

Policy T-A-4: New local streets shall ensure direct and adequate access to properties for emergency service vehicles.

Policy T-A-5: Major circulation improvements shall be completed as abutting lands develop or redevelop, with dedication of right-of-way and construction of improvements required as a condition of approval.

Policy T-A-6: Development that would necessitate circulation improvements prior to the development of land abutting those improvements to mitigate project traffic impacts shall be prohibited unless the improvements are made a condition of approval.

Policy T-A-7: Circulation improvements that are not tied to abutting development, but are necessary to address traffic impacts of the major development, should be completed before or concurrent with construction of the major new development.

Policy T-A-9: Street and traffic control development fees shall be assessed on all new development sufficient to fund system-wide capacity improvements. The fee schedule shall be periodically reviewed and revised as necessary.

Policy T-A-13: The City will seek to improve motor vehicle, bicycle and pedestrian circulation at the intersection of Healdsburg Avenue, Mill Street and Vine Street. 27 Healdsburg, City of. 2013. Healdsburg Pedestrian and Bicycle Master Plan. Available:
https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/11808/Healdsburg-Bicycle-and-Pedestrian-Master-Plan-2013-Revision-PDF [accessed February 9, 2023].

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 Goal T-B: Minimal traffic accidents and standards
Policy T-B-1: The creation or continuance of traffic hazards is prohibited in new development and other proposals requiring discretionary action by the City.

Policy T-B-4: Traffic calming measures will be considered to maintain reasonable traffic speeds on city streets and to generally improve streets for pedestrian and bicyclist use.  Goal T-D: Bicycle and pedestrian routes and facilities that provide safe and convenient access and an alternative to the use of motor vehicles.

Policy T-D-1: The use of alternative transportation modes shall be encouraged by establishing a safe and convenient bicycle and pedestrian network interconnecting residential areas with recreation, shopping and employment areas.

Policy T-D-3: The City shall develop a citywide system of safe and convenient designated bikeways that serves both experienced and casual bicyclists, and which maximizes bicycle use for commuting, recreation, and local transportation.

Policy T-D-4: Provide bicycle lanes along arterial and collector streets and major access routes to schools and parks where feasible.

Policy T-D-5: The City shall promote and facilitate the use of bicycles with other transportation modes.

Utilities and Service Systems
Healdsburg provides water, wastewater, and electricity services to its residents. Recology provides solid waste services, and Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E) provides natural gas within Healdsburg.28. In 2021, 60 percent of the electricity supplied to Healdsburg residents was from low and no carbon sources.29 The 2020 Urban Water Management Plan for Healdsburg indicates that Healdsburg has adequate water supply in normal years through 2045. In multiple dry years, Healdsburg has an adequate water supply through 2045 with incorporation of conservation efforts which amount to 5- 12 percent of regular demand.30
Each pending, approved, or permitted project would be required to undergo project specific CEQA to determine project specific impacts related to utilities and service systems. Many of these projects have completed the CEQA process already. Conversion sites would be developed on existing housing or motel sites which are served by existing utilities. ADU’s would be minimal in size and would be 28 Healdsburg, City of. 2023. Utility Services. Available: https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/464/Utility-Services [accessed February 9, 2023]. 29 Healdsburg, City of. 2023. Power Content Label and Energy Mix. Available: https://www.ci.healdsburg.ca.us/231/Power-Content-Labeland-Energy-Mix [accessed February 13, 2023]. 30 Healdsburg, City of. 2021. 2020 Urban Water Management Plan. Accessible:
https://healdsburg.gov/DocumentCenter/View/15962/2020-UWMP-Report-w-Errata-and-Council-Resolution [accessed February 21, 2023].

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34 developed adjacent to existing development and therefore would not have significant impacts to utilities and service systems. Additionally, development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with Title 13 of the Healdsburg Municipal Code that discusses utilities including electric, water, and sewer systems, as well as the following existing goals and policies from Healdsburg 2030 General Plan Public Services Element:
 Goal PS-J: Meet Healdsburg’s solid waste disposal needs while maximizing opportunities for waste reduction and recycling.

Policy PS-J-1: Minimize the amount of solid waste deposited in landfills and maximize the amount of waste that is recycled.

Furthermore, development projects facilitated by the proposed plan that are approved after 2023 would be required to comply with proposed 2023-2031 Housing Element goals and policies such as:
 Goal 7: Achieve a high standard of energy efficiency, water conservation, and ‘net-zero’ energy and water usage throughout the City, including existing and new development.

Policy 7.1: Expand existing City efforts and vigorously pursue new initiatives to increase water conservation and water supply capacity to both sustain supply for existing rate payers and provide capacity for new housing development.

Policy 7.2: Require energy-efficiency performance in new housing and other development that meets or exceeds minimum State building standards.

Policy 7.9: Require the planting of drought tolerant street trees as a part of all residential development and parking projects and sustain and expand tree canopy in existing LowerResource neighborhoods more susceptible to extreme heat due to a lack of street trees.

The proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis. Exempt projects are either existing developments converted to housing use or of minimal size adjacent to existing development, and therefore would not result in significant impacts related to utilities and service systems. Additionally, because all proposed development is dispersed throughout Healdsburg and not concentrated in one area, CEQA exempt projects are not anticipated to result in cumulatively significant impacts if implemented along with the planned, permitted, and approved development projects which have individually undergone or are currently undergoing CEQA. Development facilitated by the proposed plan would be required to comply with goals and policies from the 2030 General Plan as discussed above. Development projects approved after 2023 would be required to comply with the proposed 2023-2031 Housing Element policies related to utilities and service systems. Approval, construction, and operation of these development projects is not included in the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan would not result in physical changes to the environment or land use or zoning changes. Therefore, there would be no significant impacts related to utilities and service systems as a result of the proposed plan.

Exceptions to CE Applicability
The applicability of CEs is qualified by the exceptions listed in Section 15300.2(a) through (f) of the CEQA Guidelines. In the discussion below, each exception (in italics) is followed by an explanation of why the exception does not apply to the proposed plan.

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15300.2(a) Location. Classes 3, 4, 5, 6, and 11 are qualified by consideration of where the project is to be located – a project that is ordinarily insignificant in its impact on the environment may in a particularly sensitive environment be significant. Therefore, these classes are considered to apply in all instances, except where the project may impact an environmental resource of hazardous or critical concern where designated, precisely mapped, and officially adopted pursuant to law by federal, state, or local agencies.

This exception is not applicable to Common-sense Exemptions. Additionally, the proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet the Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis. The proposed plan does not include the approval, construction, or operation of development. 15300.2(b) Cumulative Impact. All exemptions for these classes are inapplicable when the cumulative impact of successive projects of the same type in the same place, over time is significant.

The proposed plan is a policy document that would facilitate development to meet the Healdsburg’s RHNA requirement through pending, approved, and permitted projects, conversion sites, and ADUs, each of which is exempt from, is undergoing, or has undergone its own project specific CEQA analysis. The proposed plan does not include the approval, construction, or operation of development and therefore would not result in damage to trees, historic buildings, rock outcroppings, or similar resources. Additionally, as discussed in Aesthetics, there are no State scenic highways that run through Healdsburg and the city is not visible from any scenic highways including Highway 12 due to intervening structures and the overall landscape of the area. Therefore, this exception of a CE is not applicable to the proposed plan.

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Healdsburg 2023-2031 Housing Element
36 15300.2(e) Hazardous Waste Sites. A categorical exemption shall not be used for a project located on a site which is included on any list compiled pursuant to Section 65962.5 of the Government Code.

Conclusion Summary
Based on the above analysis, the proposed plan meets all criteria for a common-sense Categorical Exemption pursuant to Section 15301 of the CEQA Guidelines. In addition, exceptions to the applicability of a CE, as specified in Section 15300.2(a) through (f) of the CEQA Guidelines, do not apply to the proposed plan. As such, the proposed plan meets all criteria for an exemption under CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3) and, pursuant to this exemption, “[i]t can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment.” Therefore, the proposed plan would be exempt from CEQA.

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CITY OF HEALDSBURG

CITY COUNCIL AGENDA STAFF REPORT
MEETING DATE: May 1, 2023
SUBJECT: Update on Climate Mobilization Strategy Development PREPARED BY: Andrew Sturmfels, Assistant City Manager
STRATEGIC INITIATIVE(S):

Pursue Initiatives that Promote Environmental Stewardship Provide Effective Governance
Maintain and Enhance Public Health and Safety
RECOMMENDED ACTION(S):

Receive a presentation from City staff providing an update on the development of a Climate Mobilization Strategy and provide feedback to staff.

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT/OUTREACH:

The City held a Community Kickoff on December 12, 2022 at the Community Center with approximately 50 attendees. An initial kickoff survey, made available in both English and Spanish, yielded approximately 300 responses. A second, virtual community meeting was held on March 1st with approximately 40 online attendees. A viewing party was held at the Community Center for Spanish speakers and included approximately 12 additional attendees. A second community survey launched on April 22nd.

Staff have also met with and provided presentations to multiple clubs and organizations in town, including the Healdsburg Chamber of Commerce Government Affairs Committee, Climate Action Healdsburg and Healdsburg 2040, the Healdsburg noon Rotary Club, Healdsburg High School students, and multiple presentations at the Healdsburg Senior Center. The purpose of these presentations and meetings was both to inform the community and gather community feedback.

The City also co-sponsored the Earth Day Climate Fest with Climate Action Healdsburg. In addition to supporting the event, staff had a booth at the event to discuss the Climate Mobilization Strategy and engage the community with an interactive activity and an e-bike opportunity drawing.

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To support all community outreach, City staff have used a variety of outreach and communication tools, including videos, social media, direct outreach to residents (in partnership with Corazon), news articles, and email blasts. For a full list of completed and planned outreach activities, see Attachment B, “CMS Engagement Activities and Promotion.” BACKGROUND:

Human activities have warmed the Earth to a point that threatens climate stability, setting in motion significant threats to the Earth’s ecosystems, including droughts, floods, extreme weather events, increased heat, wildfires, species extinction, and accelerating ice mass loss that will result in sea-level rise. Restoring a safe and stable climate requires immediate and sustained action. In 2022 Assembly Bill 1279 (Muratsuchi) codified the State’s goal of achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) by 2045 and maintaining net-neutral greenhouse gas emissions thereafter. It also includes a goal to achieve 40% GHG emissions reductions from 1990 levels by 2030.

In February 2019 a Climate Emergency Mobilization Task Force was launched as a Bay Area Regional Partnership to mobilize the Bay Area to confront the climate crisis. In September 2019, the Sonoma County Regional Climate Protection Authority (RCPA) Board adopted a Climate Emergency Resolution, outlining the agency’s commitment to leading countywide efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change in the decade ahead. In October 2019, the Healdsburg City Council adopted a Resolution declaring a climate emergency.

In July 2016, RCPA released a Climate Action Plan for 2020 and beyond for Sonoma County. In March 2021, RCPA released a Climate Mobilization Strategy. This strategy calls for a more aggressive goal than the State of achieving carbon neutrality by 2030. For purposes of RCPA’s plan, carbon neutrality is defined as achieving GHG reductions at levels 80% below 1990 levels and achieving the ability to sequester the remaining 20% of GHG emissions. Several other communities in the region, including Santa Rosa, Sebastopol, and Windsor, have adopted Climate Mobilization Strategies, or comparable documents, that target actions each community can take to reduce GHG emissions.

During the City Council Strategic Goal Setting Meeting on March 7th, 2022, Council adopted a strategic goal to develop a Climate Mobilization Strategy (CMS) and directed staff to include funding in the 2022-23 budget.

In September 2022, RCPA released its updated 2020 GHG Inventory for the County. The County achieved a 23% overall emission reduction from the 1990 baseline. While a significant accomplishment, it is important to note that the period of measurement was during the COVID19 pandemic, resulting in a significant reduction in vehicle miles traveled (VMTs) that will need to be monitored in the next inventory to determine if emissions begin to rebound. During the time period of 1990-2020, the City of Healdsburg achieved an 11% GHG reduction overall, and a 26% GHG reduction per capita (See Figure 1).

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Figure 1: 1990-2020 GHG Emission Trends by Year - Healdsburg Source: RCPA, 2020 GHG Inventory
On October 17, 2022 City staff held a kickoff with the City Council outlining the process steps for developing a CMS. On November 21, 2022, the Council adopted a resolution approving a Professional Services Agreement with Rincon Consultants to support the development of the CMS. The approved scope of work included supporting the City with Emissions Forecasting and Target Analysis, Measure Development, Community Outreach and Engagement, development of the CMS document, and overall project management support.

DISCUSSION/ANALYSIS:

In addition to the public outreach activities described in the Community Engagement and Outreach portion of this report, City staff have worked closely with Rincon to make substantial progress in moving towards developing a draft CMS for Council and public consideration. Thus far, the following tasks have been completed:

Internal Staff Kickoff, City and Community Policy and Document Review, and Staff Interviews with Department Heads
A kickoff meeting was held in January with key members of City staff and Rincon to discuss project goals, objectives, and timelines. Additionally, during February and March 2023 Rincon conducted staff interviews with department heads and key staff. Discussions focused on existing policies and programs, opportunities, and challenges. City staff and Rincon also reviewed a wide array of existing policy documents and City/Community documents that were important to informing the process.

Emissions Forecasting and Target Analysis

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Rincon completed a long-range forecast of future GHG emissions to 2045 (see Figure 2 below), using RCPA data from the 2018 GHG inventory, data provided by the Sonoma County Transit Authority, and other credible State sources. The forecast includes assumptions for both population growth and meeting existing state mandates and regulatory requirements. The longterm forecasts demonstrates that even if the community meets existing state mandates (such as building codes and renewable energy), it will still be far from meeting state and regional emission reduction targets. Additional action is required to make meaningful progress.

Figure 2: 2025-2045 GHG Adjusted Forecast – Healdsburg
With multiple GHG emissions targets at the state and local levels, Rincon was tasked with analyzing different targets. Figure 3 and Figure 4 below show the Emission Gap Analysis for both State and RCPA targets. There are two methodologies for calculating GHG emission reductions, either a mass emissions target or a per capita efficiency target. Mass emission targets describe emissions without any adjustment for population growth. A per capita efficiency target corrects for population growth. An efficiency target, or emissions per capita, has been recommended by the State to normalize emissions to population growth. For each Figure, the gap between the red line (adjusted forecast) and the blue (efficiency target) or purple (mass emissions pathway target) represent the GHG reductions that need to take place over time.

Attachment A includes a summary of Rincon’s findings for the forecast and target analysis.

Figure 3: GHG Emissions Gap Analysis for State Targets

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Figure 4: GHG Emission Gap Analysis for RCPA Targets
Policy Review and Measure Analysis and Success Tracking (MAST) tool Rincon evaluated the existing conditions and current climate mitigation efforts occurring in Healdsburg using a Measure Analysis and Success Tracking (MAST) tool. There were over 125 mitigation efforts identified in the City of Healdsburg with a majority of those currently in progress. Completed mitigation measures included, but are not limited to, expanding renewable energy projects or contracts for Healdsburg Electric, electrifying City buildings, adopting electrification reach code for new buildings, improving infrastructure for bicyclists and

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pedestrians within the City, and working with Recology to increase diversion of waste from landfills.

The MAST tool was also used to assess or grade the quality of developed measures based on the attributes that the measure included. Successful implementation of mitigation measures generally includes the following attributes: a clear and specific objective, an identified achievable and relevant strategy to obtain the objective, identification of the funding resources necessary to implement the measure, establishment of a metric to track progress of achieving the objective, and identification of the parties responsible for implementation of the measure. Completed measures included all or four of the five beforementioned attributes. For measures still in progress or where no progress had been made, the analysis indicated that the largest hurdle was the lack of an identified metric for tracking progress followed by an absent or lacking strategy developed to obtain the objective.

Moving ahead, a focus area for modifying or expanding existing efforts will include the identification of metrics for progress tracking and the establishment of a clear, relevant, and achievable strategy to reach the objective. The consolidation of measures also helped to identify gaps in the type of strategies currently employed, such as additional strategy development for reducing emissions from existing building energy use and reducing emissions from single occupancy vehicles through either mode shift or increased zero-emission vehicle penetration.

The MAST Tool findings, in addition to the insights gained from staff interviews and community engagement events and surveys, will collectively be used to inform the development of new mitigation measures and strategies.

Scenario Planning and Reduction Quantification (SPARQ) tool Using the GHG inventory data, Healdsburg specific data, and other credible sources, Rincon developed the SPARQ tool to help the City to quickly iterate on potential levels of implementation of known high level strategies for reducing GHG emissions. This tool visualizes the impacts of emission reduction strategies against the long-range forecast to quantify the GHG impact of different implementation levels for the strategies. This tool was recently completed and will be used internally throughout the CMS development process. The tool also compares the GHG reduction scenarios to the state and regional targets. Visualizations from the tool will be included in the draft CMS.

Looking Ahead, Next Steps:

With all the required background work completed, the next phase in the project will be to develop draft measures and actions and the draft CMS. Based on the community input, staff expertise, and examples from other communities, Rincon will propose measures and actions for consideration in the CMS. Consistent with the approved scope of work for the project, up to 15 measures will be quantitatively analyzed for their GHG impact and cost effectiveness. The measurement development process will also help to identify how much GHG reduction potential is both ambitious but still feasible in Healdsburg. This may be a Healdsburg-specific target or it may be adoption of an existing target, such as the State goal for 2030.

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All inputs, including the current survey available, will inform the development of an initial set of draft strategies, measures, and actions. Staff plan to return to Council on June 21, 2023, to present draft actions for Council Feedback. During July and August, Rincon and staff will complete the draft CMS and provide an additional opportunity for community feedback (both via survey and an additional public input meeting) on the draft actions. Based on the need for additional time and community input, staff now plan to provide the draft CMS to Council in September for consideration.

ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP:

Developing a Climate Mobilization Strategy for the community will support environmental stewardship goals.

ALTERNATIVES:

This an information item and no Council action is being requested.

FISCAL IMPACT:

Council approved a budget amendment to support the cost of the Professional Services Agreement with Rincon, which totaled $107,613. To date, approximately 60% of the total budget has been expended.

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS:

Not applicable. No action is being requested.

ATTACHMENT(S):

Attachment A: Healdsburg GHG Emissions Forecast + Gap Analysis Attachment B: CMS Public Engagement Activities and Promotion

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Rincon Consultants, Inc.
449 15th Street, Suite 303
Oakland, California 94612
510 834 445
[email protected]
www.rinconconsultants.com
Environmental Scientists Planners Engineers
April 3, 2023
Rincon Project No. 22-13600
Andrew Sturmfels
City of Healdsburg, Assistant City Manager
401 Grove Street
Healdsburg, CA 95448
Via email: [email protected]
CC: email: Terra Sampson([email protected])
Subject: Healdsburg Climate Mobilization Strategy, Future GHG Emissions Forecasts and Gap Analysis Memorandum
Healdsburg, CA
Dear Mr. Sturmfels:

As part of the Healdsburg Climate Mobilization Strategy (CMS) Rincon Consultants, Inc. (Rincon) has calculated the 2025, 2030, 2035, 2040, and 2045 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions forecasts based on the Healdsburg 2018 GHG emission inventory. Although the most recently prepared GHG emissions inventory for the City is the 2020 emissions inventory, the activity data for the year was impacted both by a wildfire at the geothermal plant impacting energy emissions and by COVID-19 which significantly changed community behaviors including energy use and transportation. Due to these anomalies, the 2018 GHG emission inventory was selected to serve as the baseline for the forecast as it is considered the most recent emission inventory representative of typical conditions in the community.

The 2018 GHG emissions inventory identifies the major sources and quantities of GHG emissions produced by communitywide activities within Healdsburg’s city limits (i.e., the Healdsburg General Plan planning area). The inventory was developed by Sonoma County Regional Climate Protection Authority (RCPA) and provides the City with the data necessary to establish a GHG emissions baseline for the CMS, track GHG emissions trends, and identify the greatest sources of GHG emissions within their jurisdiction.

The GHG emissions forecast discussed in this memorandum provides an estimate of how Healdsburg’s GHG emissions are expected to change in the years 2025 (interim year), 2030 (initial Senate Bill 32 compliance year), 2035 (interim year), 2040 (interim year), and 2045 (initial AB 1279 compliance year) as a result of anticipated Healdsburg economic and population growth, as well as the impacts that California climate-related legislation would have on these future GHG emissions. This memorandum also discusses the 2030 GHG emission reduction target of carbon neutrality adopted by RCPA and the states 2030 GHG emissions reduction target of 40 percent below 1990 levels as well as the total quantity of GHG emissions reduction that Healdsburg needs to achieve in order to contribute their fair share reduction of California’s GHG emission reduction goal.1 The gap between the 2030 adjusted forecast and Healdsburg’s 2030 target would be addressed through local actions to be included in the CMS. 1 California’s long-term GHG emission reduction goals were established by the landmark Assembly Bill 32, Senate Bill 32, Executive Order B-55- 18, and codified by Assembly Bill 1279. Collectively, these legislative actions provide a GHG reduction trajectory of reducing Statewide GHG emissions to 1990 GHG emission levels by 2020, 40% below 1990 GHG emissions levels by 2030, and carbon neutrality by 2045.

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The following sections provide a summary of the results for the 2018 GHG emission inventory, GHG emission forecasts, and GHG reduction target options to be included in the Healdsburg CMS.

GHG Emissions Sectors and Sources
The GHG emissions forecasts presented herein are based on the 2018 GHG emissions inventory calculated for Healdsburg by RCPA as well as population and economic growth projections for Healdsburg. The GHG emissions sources included in the 2025, 2030, 2035, 2040, and 2045 forecasts analysis align with those in the 2018 GHG inventory. The GHG emissions sectors and associated sources included in the inventory and forecasts are provided in Table 1.

Table 1 Healdsburg GHG Emissions Sectors and Sources
GHG Emissions Sector GHG Emissions Source
Transportation On-Road Transportation
Off Road - Diesel
Off Road - Gasoline
Off Road - Natural Gas (LPG)
Electricity1 Residential Electricity Consumption
Non-Residential Electricity Consumption
Natural Gas Residential Natural Gas Consumption
Non-Residential Natural Gas Consumption
Stationary Sources Emissions from Other Stationary Sources in Buildings Water Indirect Electricity Consumption from Water Delivery Wastewater Direct Wastewater Treatment Emissions2
Solid Waste Solid Waste Generated by Community

1. Electricity Consumption includes electricity provided by Healdsburg Electric and Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E).

2. Direct wastewater treatment emissions are from the following sources: digester gas from anaerobic digesters at wastewater treatment plants.

Healdsburg GHG Emissions Inventory Summary
The GHG emissions forecast analysis presented here is based upon the calculated GHG emissions from each source included in the 2018 GHG emissions inventory developed by RCPA. A detailed summary of the 2018 GHG emissions inventory is provided in Table 2.

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Table 2 Healdsburg 2018 GHG Emissions Inventory Summary GHG Emissions Sector/Source1 Emissions (MT CO2e) Activity Data Activity Data Units Transportation
On-Road Transportation1 51,033 121,325,224 VMT
Off Road - Diesel 1,240 120,418 Gallons
Off Road - Gasoline 1,299 146,795 Gallons
Off Road - Natural Gas (LPG) 198 33,729 Gallons
Electricity
Residential Electricity 4,657 26,186,905 kWh
Non-Residential Electricity 8,427 47,404,624 kWh
Natural Gas
Residential Natural Gas 10,976 2,041,137 Therms
Non-Residential Natural Gas 7,525 1,399,284 Therms
Stationary Sources
Other Stationary Sources 119 N/A N/A
Water
Indirect Electricity from Water Delivery2 274 1,513,826 kWh Wastewater
Direct Emissions from Wastewater Treatment 101 N/A N/A
Solid Waste
Solid Waste Generated/Disposal 7,898 13,754 Tons Landfilled Total2 93,473 N/A N/A
Notes: MT CO2e = metric tons carbon dioxide equivalents; kWh = kilowatt hours; VMT = vehicle miles traveled; N/A = not applicable

1. Activity data and calculated emissions are the values utilized by RCPA in the 2018 GHG Inventory

2. The City utilities include Healdsburg Electric and water utilities, therefore indirect electricity from water conveyance is already included in the electricity sector. Emissions are shown in this table for informational purposes but to avoid double counting are not added in the overall total.

Healdsburg GHG Emissions Forecasts
Healdsburg’s 2018 inventory establishes a reference point for communitywide emissions in a specific year. However, annual GHG emissions change over time and GHG emissions forecasts provide a way to estimate future emission levels based on both the continuation of current activities and external factors such as population and job growth. Forecasts also account for California legislative actions that are anticipated to reduce GHG emissions. Thus, the emissions forecast provides detail on the level of GHG reductions needed to achieve the GHG emissions reduction targets in a future year. Calculating the difference between the forecasted GHG emissions and the reduction target determines the gap to be closed through local actions and policies. This section includes an estimate of the future emissions for Healdsburg in the years 2025, 2030, 2035, 2040, and 2045 in a baseline scenario (baseline) forecast and an adjusted scenario (adjusted) forecast, which are defined as follows:
 Baseline scenario- Provides a forecast of how future GHG emissions would change if future activities continued as they did in 2018 and no changes in local or state policies or legislation that would reduce local emissions take place. Emission factors in a baseline forecast remain constant over time.

The baseline forecast is based on growth trends projected in population, housing, employment, and transportation activity over time, consistent with regional projections.

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 Adjusted scenario- Provides a forecast of how future GHG emissions would change if future activities continued as they did in 2018 and accounts for the future effects of currently adopted State legislation that would reduce GHG emissions compared from the baseline scenario. The adjusted scenario represents the State’s contribution to reducing local GHG emissions to meet State goals without any additional contribution from local policies or actions.

Baseline GHG Emissions Forecast
The baseline forecast provides an estimate of what the communities GHG emissions would look like in forecast years if current activities continued as in 2018 and emission factors remained constant over time. The baseline forecast does not include new activities or policies since 2018, already planned activities, or state mandates. (State mandates are included in the adjusted forecast.) The purpose of the baseline forecast is to demonstrate the GHG reductions achieved through State legislation over time when compared to the adjusted forecast. The baseline forecast is based on projected trends in population and employment over time and is consistent with local and regional projections. The baseline GHG emissions projections were calculated based on the guidance of the Association of Environmental Professionals 2012 whitepaper, Forecasting Communitywide GHG Emissions and Setting Reduction Targets. The result is a baseline forecast in which GHG emissions change over time in relation to demographics, with the assumption that GHG emissions rates and activity data will continue in the future as they did in the year of the 2018 GHG emissions inventory. This methodology is used for all GHG emissions sectors and sources included in the 2018 GHG emissions inventory except for on-road and offroad transportation. On-road vehicle GHG emissions and off-road equipment GHG emissions were alternatively projected using modeled activity data and emission factors as detailed below. A description of the demographic metrics used to project activity data and associated growth factors for each forecasted GHG emission source are provided in Table 3 and were developed based on the 2018 community GHG emissions inventory. Detailed calculations for the baseline forecast are included in Attachment A.

Table 3 Growth Metrics and Associated GHG Emissions Sectors GHG Emissions Sector GHG Emission Source Associated Growth Metric Growth Metric Data Source Electricity Residential GHG Emissions
Sources
Households CA Dept of Finance;
RCPA Climate Action Plan 2020;
Healdsburg Housing Element
Update Revised Draft
Non-Residential GHG
Emissions Sources
Employment
Natural Gas Residential GHG Emissions
Sources
Households
Non-Residential GHG
Emissions Sources
Employment
Stationary Sources All GHG Emissions Sources Service Population Water All GHG Emissions Sources Service Population
Wastewater All GHG Emissions Sources Service Population Solid Waste All GHG Emissions Sources Service Population The baseline forecast for the Healdsburg planning area relies on the growth and demographic projections used in the RCPA Climate Action Plan 20202
, and the CA Dept of Finance projections on
2 RCPA Climate Action Plan accessed here: https://rcpa.ca.gov/what-we-do/climate-action-2020/

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population growth3. These growth projections were developed prior to the approval of the most recent Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) for the 2023-2031 housing cycle. As such, the household projections obtained from the RCPA CAP were adjusted to account for Healdsburg’s 2023-2031 RHNA of 476 additional households. Population projections were similarly adjusted to account for the increase in housing in Healdsburg by multiplying the adjusted household numbers by the average persons per household obtained from the RCPA CAP by projection year. Additionally, the Healdsburg Housing Element currently being drafted states that in 2018 the jobs to household ratio in Healdsburg was 1.53.

Jobs in Healdsburg were projected assuming the jobs to household ratio remained consistent over time and by applying the ratio to the housing projections. Table 4 provides an overview of the growth metrics used to project GHG emissions for the forecast calculations.

Table 4 Growth Metrics for Healdsburg GHG Emissions Forecasts Growth Metric1 2018 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Population2 11,976 12,025 12,746 12,882 13,018 13,127
Housing3 4,511 4,807 5,085 5,128 5,171 5,215
Jobs4 6,902 7,355 7,779 7,846 7,912 7,978
Service Population 18,878 19,380 20,525 20,727 20,930 21,105 Notes: Service Population = Population + Employment

1. Forecasted demographic data for Healdsburg is based on the RCPA Climate Action Plan 2020. Population data was provided for 2018, 2020, , 2040, and 2050. The City of Healdsburg provided 2021-2022 numbers sourced from the Department of Finance. Housing data was provided for 2015, 2020, 2040, and 2050.

2. Population has been adjusted from RCPA CAP projections to account for Healdsburg 2023-2031 RHNA by multiplying the adjusted households by the average persons per household. The average persons per household values were obtained from the RCPA CAP projections.

3. Healdsburg 2023-2031 RHNA of 476 households was added to the 2030 housing stock projections obtained from the RCPA CAP.

Household numbers after 2031 were projected based on the 2020-2040 compound annual growth rate in housing stock in Healdsburg obtained from RCPA CAP.

4. Job projections are based on the household projections and the jobs to household ratio in 2018 of 1.53 obtained from the Healdsburg Housing Element currently being drafted. Jobs are counted by the place of work occurring within the jurisdiction.

The growth indicators for Healdsburg are provided in Table 5 for each GHG emissions source, excluding on-road vehicles miles traveled (VMT) and off-road fuel consumption which were modeled separately, described in more detail below.
3 Department of Finance Demographic Estimates accessed here: https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/estimates-e1/

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Table 5 Growth Indicators for Baseline GHG Emissions Forecast GHG Emissions Source Activity Data Units
Transportation
On-Road VMT N/A SCTM Travel Demand Model
Off Road – Diesel N/A OFFROAD Model
Off Road – Gasoline N/A OFFROAD Model
Off Road – Natural Gas (LPG) N/A OFFROAD Model
Electricity
Residential Electricity 5,804.86 kWh/Household
Non-Residential Electricity 6,868.11 kWh/Employment
Natural Gas
Residential Natural Gas 452.46 Therms/Household
Non-Residential Natural Gas 202.73 Therms/Employment
Stationary Sources
Other Stationary Sources 0.0063 MT CO2e/Service Population Water
Indirect Electricity from Water Delivery 80.19 kWh/Service Population Wastewater
Direct Emissions from Wastewater Treatment 0.005 MT CO2e/Service Population Solid Waste
Solid Waste Generation 0.73 Tons Landfilled/Service Population Notes: SCTM = Sonoma County Travel Model; N/A = not applicable; MT CO2e = metric ton carbon dioxide equivalent; kWh = kilowatt-hour; MG = million gallons
On-Road Activity Data
The Sonoma County Transportation Authority (SCTA) provided the City with VMT data obtained from SCTA’s transportation demand model (SCTM). The current transportation demand model uses 2019 as a baseline year and 2040 as a horizon year. The SCTA attributes all VMT from trips beginning and ending within city boundaries to the city, as well as apportions one-half of the trip distance for any trip with an origin or destination within the community. Trips that begin and end outside of the city boundary are not attributed to the community and are considered pass-through trips. On-road VMT data is not differentiated by vehicle class and is provided as daily VMT which is converted to annual VMT using the annualization factor of 347 days per year, as described in EMFAC2021 documentation. SCTA scales the VMT data to better represent real-world conditions. This is done by adjusting the VMT data using a Caltrans Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) correction factor developed from HPMS data obtained for a given year. The adjusted VMT data is further adjusted to account for any Sphere-ofinfluence (SOI) and/or City limit shifts that occurred in a given year by multiplying the HPMS adjusted VMT by the SOI scaling factors for the year. Because the HPMS correction factor and SOI scaling factor rely on actual roadway and City limit data collected during a given inventory year, the HPMS correction factor and SOI scaling factor cannot be forecasted. As such, for the purposes of forecasting VMT that is representative of the inventory VMT data used, it was assumed that the 2018 HPMS correction factor of

1.22 and the SOI scaling factor of 0.93 will remain constant over time and the raw SCTM VMT data for 2040 was adjusted following SCTA methodology described above.

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SCTA develops weighted emission factors for each speedbin using EMFAC2021 web-based model that was run in emission rate model mode for Sonoma County for each inventory year. The settings were annual average, aggregated model years, all speeds, and all fuels. To ensure that the forecasted on-road emissions data is representative of the methodology used for the inventory, the vehicle categories identified by SCTA as light duty (LDV) or heavy duty (HD) were similarly applied to allocate the total VMT to the passenger or LDV VMT and commercial or HD VMT. Further, the same approach used by SCTA to develop weighted emissions factors from EMFAC2021 data was utilized for the forecast years.

Rincon utilized EMFAC2021 to determine electric vehicle (EV) penetration percent for LDVs and HDs and the quantity of electricity anticipated. For the baseline forecast, EV penetration of 0 percent and the vehicle emission factors remained the same as in 2018. The total VMT and VMT differentiated as passenger or commercial VMT used to calculated baseline emissions is presented in Table 6.

Table 6 Healdsburg Baseline GHG Emissions Forecast On-Road Transportation Data 20181 20253 20303 20353 20402 20454
Total VMT2 121,325,224 134,170,813 143,346,234 152,521,655 161,697,077 177,948,622 Passenger VMT5 116,981,432 129,509,112 138,181,316 146,748,605 155,227,390 170,353,381 Commercial VMT5 4,343,791 4,661,701 5,164,918 5,773,051 6,469,687 7,595,241 Notes: VMT = vehicle miles traveled; MTCO2e = metric tons carbon dioxide equivalents; LDV = light-duty vehicle; HD = heavy-duty vehicles kWh = kilowatt hour; EV = electric vehicle;

1. VMT data was provided by SCTA for 2018 as used in the 2018 inventory with the HPMS correction factor and SOI scaling factor already applied to the raw VMT data.

2. SCTA provided raw SCTM VMT data for 2040 horizon model year. The 2018 HPMS correction factor and SOI scaling factor were applied to the raw SCTM 2040 VMT to forecast the VMT in alignment with the inventory data.

3. VMT for 2025, 2030, and 2040 were linearly interpolated between the 2018 VMT data and adjusted 2040 VMT data.

4. Annual growth between the SCTM baseline year of 2019 and horizon year of 2040 was used to estimate that VMT data for 2045.

5. Total VMT was allocated to passenger and commercial vehicles using the County-wide distribution of VMT obtained from EMFAC2021.

Passenger VMT included the EMFAC vehicles classes LDA, LDT1, LDT2, MDV, MH, MCY, LHD1, LHD2, T6TS, UBUS, and OBUS. Commercial VMT included all other MHDT and HHDT vehicle classes, and SBUS, Motor Coach, and All Other Buses. The classification as LDV or HV was determined by SCTA.

Off-Road Activity Data
Activity data for off-road GHG emissions forecast was modeled separately from the above growth metrics and growth indicators, using the outputs from the CARB web-based OFFROAD2021 model. The OFFROAD2021 database was queried for Sonoma County for the forecast years to obtain fuel consumption for gasoline, diesel, and natural gas. The inclusion of specific equipment sectors from the database query was determined based on their relevance to activities occurring within Healdsburg and remained consistent with previous Healdsburg inventories developed by RCPA. The following equipment sectors are included in the 2018 baseline year inventory and the GHG emissions forecast:
 Agricultural
 Airport Ground Support
 Commercial Harbor craft
 Construction and Mining
 Industrial
 Lawn and Garden
 Light Commercial
 Oil Drilling

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 Pleasure Craft
 Recreational Vehicles
 Transportation Refrigeration Units
The fuel consumption results of the database query were summarized for all equipment sectors in Sonoma County. Healdsburg was allocated a percentage of county fuel consumption for each sector relative to Healdsburg’s proportion of jobs, population or specific activity (i.e., agriculture or airport) in the county. Specific apportionment factors used to calculate Healdsburg fuel consumption by off-road equipment from countywide fuel consumption were obtained from the 2018 Healdsburg inventory prepared by RCPA and are based on RCPA demographic data presented in the RCPA CAP. For the purposes of forecasting, the same apportionment factors from the 2018 inventory were used for the forecasts and are provided in Table 7. GHG emissions by off-road equipment fuel type are summarized in Table 8.

Table 7 Healdsburg Off-Road Transportation Attribution Metrics Off-road Equipment Category Attribution (% of countywide) Attribution Metric Agriculture 0.36% Agriculture Activity
Airport Ground Support 13.79% Airport Operations
Commercial Harbor Craft 2.39% Population
Construction and Mining 2.32% Employment
Industrial 2.32% Employment
Lawn and Garden 2.42% Households
Light Commercial 2.32% Employment
Oil Drilling 2.32% Employment
Pleasure Craft 2.39% Population
Recreational Vehicles 2.39% Population
Transportation Refrigeration
units

2.32% Employment
Table 8 Healdsburg Baseline GHG Emissions Forecast Off-Road Fuel Consumption Off-road Fuel Category 2018 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Diesel 120,418 141,313 150,994 156,109 161,410 166,506
Gasoline 146,795 163,183 171,905 180,306 188,831 195,626 Natural Gas 33,729 37,007 39,535 42,144 45,026 45,026
Notes: All values are of the unit gallons of fuel
Data Source: California Air Resources Board. 2021. OFFROAD2021 v1.0.3 Emissions Inventory. Available:
https://arb.ca.gov/emfac/emissions-inventory/b3e3139ff7a2304c48acb2a0684ab41b38c5c26e. Accessed February 1, 2023.

Emissions Factors
The baseline GHG emissions forecast is representative of a scenario where community activities are generally similar to that of the most recent GHG emissions inventory. As previously described, the activity data for the most recent GHG inventory year of 2020 was impacted both by a wildfire at the geothermal plant impacting energy emissions and by COVID-19 which significantly changed community behaviors including energy use and transportation. As such, the 2018 GHG emission inventory was

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selected to serve as the baseline for the forecast as it is considered the most recent emission inventory representative of typical conditions in the community. Baseline activity data growth is multiplied by the emissions factors used to calculate GHG emissions from the 2018 GHG emissions inventory to generate an estimate of future GHG emissions without influence from GHG reduction policies at the State or local level. The baseline GHG emissions factors for the relevant GHG emissions sources and sectors are provided in Table 9, reported in MT CO2e.

Table 9 Baseline GHG Emissions Factors
GHG Emissions Source GHG Emissions Factor Units
Transportation
On-Road1 0.0004206 MT CO2e/VMT
Off Road - Diesel 0.0103 MT CO2e/Gallons
Off Road - Gasoline 0.0089 MT CO2e/Gallons
Off Road - Natural Gas (LPG) 0.0059 MT CO2e/Gallons
Electricity2
Weighted Residential Electricity 0.00017782 MT CO2e/kWh Weighted Non-Residential Electricity 0.00017776 MT CO2e/kWh Natural Gas
Residential Natural Gas 0.00538 MT CO2e/Therm
Non-Residential Natural Gas 0.00538 MT CO2e/Therm
Stationary Sources
Other Stationary Sources 0.00629 MT CO2e/service person Water
Indirect Electricity from Water Delivery 0.0001807 MT CO2e/kWh Wastewater
Direct Emissions from Wastewater Treatment 0.00536 MT CO2e/service person Solid Waste
Solid Waste Generation 0.574 MT CO2e/Tons Landfilled
Notes: NA = not applicable; VMT = vehicle miles traveled; MT CO2e = metric ton carbon dioxide equivalent; kWh = kilowatt-hour; ADC = alternative daily cover

1. VMT data used in the 2018 inventory does not differentiate between vehicle classification so a single weighted emission factor was developed for all VMT.

2. Electricity emission factors for residential and non-residential are weighted based on the quantity of electricity consumed by each category by provider and the associated emission factor. It is assumed for the baseline forecast that the emission factors for all providers will not change from the 2018 year.

Baseline GHG Emissions Forecast Results
The following provides a summary of the results of the baseline GHG emissions forecast for each source in Healdsburg. The results have been reported in MT CO2e. The baseline forecast projects a gradual increase in GHG emissions above the baseline 2018 GHG emissions inventory from the energy sector, water and wastewater sector, and from solid waste due to projected population growth. Emissions associated with transportation show a significant increase over time attributed to an anticipated increase in VMT for the city. Table 10 and Figure 1 provide a summary of the Healdsburg baseline GHG emissions forecast.

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Table 10 Healdsburg Baseline GHG Emissions Forecast Summary GHG Emissions Source 2018 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Transportation
On-Road Transportation 51,033 56,436 60,295 64,155 68,014 74,850 Off Road – Transportation and
Equipment
2,738 3,117 3,309 3,451 3,598 3,711
Electricity1
Residential Electricity 4,657 4,962 5,248 5,293 5,338 5,383 Non-Residential Electricity 8,153 8,699 9,200 9,278 9,356 9,435 Natural Gas
Residential Natural Gas 10,976 11,697 12,371 12,477 12,582 12,688 Non-Residential Natural Gas 7,525 8,018 8,481 8,553 8,626 8,698 Stationary Sources
Other Stationary Sources 119 122 129 130 132 133
Water1
Indirect Electricity from Water
Delivery
274 281 297 300 303 306
Wastewater
Direct Emissions from
Wastewater Treatment
101 104 110 111 112 113
Solid Waste
Solid Waste Generation 7,898 8,108 8,587 8,672 8,757 8,830 TOTAL 93,473 101,544 108,029 112,421 116,818 124,145
Notes: Values in this table may not add up to totals due to rounding. All values are of the unit metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MT CO2e)

1. The City utilities include Healdsburg Electric and water utilities, therefore indirect electricity from water conveyance is already included in the electricity sector. Emissions are shown in this table for informational purposes but to avoid double counting are not added in the overall total.

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Figure 1 Healdsburg Baseline GHG Emissions Forecast (MT CO2e) through 2045 Adjusted GHG Emissions Forecast
Several federal and State regulations have been enacted that would reduce Healdsburg’s GHG emissions in 2025, 2030, 2035, 2040, and 2045. The impact of these regulations was quantified and incorporated into the adjusted forecast to project future emissions growth and the responsibility of the City and community once established State regulations have been implemented. The State legislation included in the adjusted forecast result in GHG emission reductions related to transportation, building efficiency and renewable electricity. A brief description of each regulation and the methodology used to calculate associated reductions is provided in the following, as well as a description of why specific legislation was excluded from the analysis. The following State legislation were applied to the Adjusted Forecasts based on the unique sectors within Healdsburg:
 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards: The California Code of Regulations Title 24, Part 6:

California’s Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings, was first adopted in 1978 in response to a legislative mandate to reduce California’s energy consumption, which in turn reduces fossil fuel consumption and associated GHG emissions. The standards are updated triennially to allow consideration and possible incorporation of new energy-efficient technologies and methods. The 2019 Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards have come into effect, creating significantly more efficient new building stock. The California Energy Commission (CEC) estimates that non-residential buildings will use 30 percent less energy and that residential homes would use 7 percent less energy compared with 2016 standards, which would increase to 53 percent when new residential developments must include on-site solar generation and near-zero net energy use starting in 2020. While the 2022 Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards became effective in January 2023, the CEC has not provided specific levels of anticipated reduction in energy use associated with the recent 2022 standards. To remain conservative, the adjusted forecast only accounts for the -
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
2018 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Emissions (MT CO2e)
Transportation Solid Waste Water/Wastewater Natural Gas Electricity Other Stationary Sources

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estimated energy savings related to 2019 Title 24 Standards. The impact of electrification will be addressed through measure development and quantification.  Renewable Portfolio Standard, Senate Bill 100, and Senate Bill 1020: Established in 2002 under Senate Bill 1078, enhanced in 2015 by Senate Bill 350, and accelerated in 2018 and 2022 under Senate Bill 100 and Senate Bill 1020, respectively, California's Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) is one of the most ambitious renewable energy standards in the country. The RPS program requires investor-owned utilities, publicly owned utilities, electric service providers, and community choice aggregators to increase procurement from eligible renewable energy resources to 50 percent of total procurement by 2026 and 60 percent of total procurement by 2030. The RPS program further requires these entities to increase procurement from eligible renewables and GHG-free sources to 90 percent by 2035, 95 percent by 2040, and 100 percent of total procurement by 2045.  Transportation Legislation: Major regulations incorporated into CARB’s 2021 transportation model (EMFAC2021) include Advanced Clean Car Standards (LEV III, ZEV program, etc.), Senate Bill 1, and Phase 2 Federal GHG Standards. Additional reductions were calculated for the newly promulgated Innovative Clean Transit (ICT) regulations from CARB. Signed into law in 2002, AB 1493 (Pavley Standards) required vehicle manufacturers to reduce GHG emissions from new passenger vehicles and light trucks from 2009 through 2016. Regulations were adopted by CARB in 2004 and took effect in 2009 when the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) issued a waiver confirming California’s right to implement the bill. The CARB anticipates that the Pavley I standard will reduce GHG emissions from new California passenger vehicles by about 30 percent in 2016, while simultaneously improving fuel efficiency and reducing motorists’ costs.4 Prior to 2012, mobile emissions regulations were implemented on a case-by-case basis for GHG and criteria pollutant emissions separately. In January 2012, CARB approved a new emissions-control program combining the control of smog, soot-causing pollutants, and GHG emissions into a single coordinated package of requirements for passenger cars and light trucks for model years 2017 through 2025. The Advanced Clean Cars program coordinates the goals of the Low Emissions Vehicles, Zero Emissions Vehicles, and Clean Fuels Outlet programs into a single coordinated package of requirements for model years 2017 to 2025. The new standards are anticipated to reduce GHG emissions by 34 percent in 2025.5 Public transit GHG emissions will also be reduced in the future through the Innovative Clean Transit (ICT) regulation, which was adopted in December 2018. It requires all public transit agencies to gradually transition to a 100-percent zero-emission bus fleet by 2040. Under ICT, large transit agencies are expected to adopt Zero-Emission Bus Rollout Plans to establish a roadmap towards zero emission public transit buses.6
Table 11 summarizes the legislation that was applied to each sector in the adjusted forecast. 4 CARB. Clean Car Standards – Pavley, Assembly Bill 1493. May 2013. http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/ccms/ccms.htm 5 CARB. Facts About the Advanced Clean Cars Program. December 2011. http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/zevprog/factsheets/advanced_clean_cars_eng.pdf 6 Innovative Clean Transit. Approved August 13, 2019. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2019-10/ictfro-CleanFinal_0.pdf?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery

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Table 11 Healdsburg Adjusted GHG Emissions Forecast Sectors and Applicable Legislation GHG Emissions Sector GHG Emissions Source
Transportation On-Road Transportation Transportation Legislation (Advanced Clean Cars Standards, Pavley Standards, Phase 2
Federal GHG Standards)
Off Road - Diesel None
Off Road - Gasoline None
Off Road - Natural Gas (LPG) None
Electricity1 Residential Electricity Consumption Title 24 – applied to new buildings SB 100 – all electricity use
Non-Residential Electricity Consumption Title 24 – applied to new buildings SB 100 – all electricity use
Natural Gas Residential Natural Gas Consumption Title 24 – applied to new buildings Non-Residential Natural Gas Consumption Title 24 – applied to new buildings1 Stationary Sources Other Stationary Sources in Buildings None Water Indirect Electricity Consumption from Water
Delivery
SB 100
Wastewater Direct Wastewater Treatment Emissions None
Solid Waste Methane Commitment of Solid Waste
Generated by Community
None

1. As detailed below, though Title 24 impacts new building it is not anticipated to have a natural gas reduction impact on non-residential buildings under the 2019 Energy Efficiency Standards.

The following State legislation was not included in the emissions forecast calculations:
 Assembly Bill 939 and 341: In 2011, AB 341 set the target of 75 percent recycling, composting, or source reduction of solid waste by 2020 calling for the California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) to take a Statewide approach to decreasing California’s reliance on landfills. This target was an update to the former target of 50 percent waste diversion set by AB 939.

As actions under AB 341 are not assigned to specific local jurisdictions, AB 939 has not been included as part of the adjusted forecast and instead measures addressing compliance with AB 939 will be included in the CMS.
 Senate Bill 1383: In 2016, SB 1383 established a methane emission reduction target for short-lived climate pollutants (SLCP) in various sectors of the economy. Specifically, SB 1383 establishes targets to achieve a 50 percent reduction in the level of the Statewide disposal of organic waste from the 2014 level by 2020 and a 75 percent reduction by 2025 (CalRecycle 2019). Additionally, SB 1383 requires a 20 percent reduction in “current” edible food disposal by 2025. Although SB 1383 has been signed into law, compliance at the jurisdiction-level is un-proven. For example, Santa Clara County, in their SB 1383 Rulemaking Overview presentation (June 20, 2018),7 suggest that the 75 percent reduction in organics is not likely achievable under the current structure; standardized bin colors are impractical; and the general requirement is too prescriptive. As such, SB 1383 has not been included as part of the adjusted forecast. Instead measures addressing compliance with SB 1383 will be included and quantified through GHG reduction measures included in the CMS. 7 Santa Clara County. June 20, 2018. SB 1383 Rulemaking Overview. https://www.sccgov.org/sites/rwr/rwrc/Documents/SB%201383%20PowerPoint.pdf

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GHG Reduction Legislation Calculations
The following methodology was used to calculate energy related GHG emissions reduction related to Title 24 and SB 100.
 Title 24: It is assumed that all growth in building energy consumption is from new construction.

Accordingly, Title 24 GHG emissions reduction for natural gas and electricity are calculated as a percentage of the projected increase in energy consumption beyond the baseline 2019 GHG emissions inventory, under the baseline forecast. For projects implemented after January 1, 2020, the California Energy Commission (CEC) estimates that the 2019 standards will have the following energy consumption reduction impact:
▫ 53 percent reduction beyond the 2019 baseline for residential electricity; ▫ 30 percent reduction beyond the 2019 baseline for commercial electricity; and ▫ 7 percent reduction beyond the 2019 baseline for residential natural gas.8  SB 100 and SB 1020: PG&E, Direct Access9
, and Healdsburg Electric that currently provide electricity in Healdsburg are subject to SB 100 and SB 1020 requirements. GHG emissions from electricity consumption are largely determined by the emissions factor associated with the supplied electricity.

Legislative GHG emissions reductions from SB 100 and SB 1020 are calculated as the difference between GHG emissions under the baseline forecast electricity and GHG emissions calculated using a SB 100/ SB 1020-adjusted GHG emissions factor for a given forecast year. An adjusted GHG emission factor is calculated for PG&E and Healdsburg Electric Standard tier by scaling the current electricity GHG emissions factor with the RPS percentage for renewable and zero-carbon electricity required for compliance with SB 100 and SB 1020. Healdsburg Electric anticipates continuing to provide approximately 30 percent of electricity from a geothermal source10 for the Standard Rate.

Therefore, for forecasting the Healdsburg Electric Standard Rate emission factor, geothermal was considered to make up 30 percent of the electricity mix for all future years, while the remaining 70 percent of electricity was scaled to meet the SB 100 and SB 1020 requirements. Because there is a small amount of emissions associated with geothermal power, Healdsburg Electric electricity will have an emission factor even as the electricity mix eliminates the fossil-fuel power sources in compliance with SB 100 and SB 1020. PG&E and Healdsburg Electric have different electricity emissions factors due to differences in their electricity delivery mix. The RPS percentages and associated GHG emissions factors used to determine the adjusted forecast electricity emissions are provided in Table 12. The RPS percentage for Healdsburg Electric’s Green tier of service is 100% with geothermal serving 100% of that power.11 As such, Healdsburg Electric Green tier emission factor is based on the most recent power content label available (i.e., 2021) and is assumed to stay constant through 2045. Note that while both Title 24 and SB 100/SB 1020 influence GHG emissions reductions in the electricity sector, double counting of these reductions is avoided by accounting for Title 24 reductions first and then accounting for reductions from SB 100 and SB 1020. 8 California Energy Commission. 2018. 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards Frequently Asked Questions. Available:
<https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-03/Title_24_2019_Building_Standards_FAQ_ada.pdf>. Accessed June 21, 2021. 9 Direct Access is a retail electric service option whereby customers may purchase electricity form a competitive non-utility entity called a Energy Service Provider (ESP). Electricity service providers are required to comply with SB100. 10 Geothermal meets the requirements of the RPS as an eligible renewable source of electricity. 11 Due to impacts from a wildfire in 2019, the power in 2020 was primarily served by geothermal sources and supplemented with other renewable sources.

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Table 12 Electricity Provider Forecasted RPS and Electricity GHG Emissions Factors Energy Provider 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
PG&E
Adjusted Electricity Emission Factor
(MT CO2e/kWh)

0.0000398 0.0000340 0.0000085 0.0000042 0.05
Direct Access1
Electricity Emission Factor (MT CO2e/kWh) 0.0001856 0.0001392 0.0000928 0.0000464 0.05 Green Rate – Healdsburg Electric
Adjusted Electricity Emission Factor
(MT CO2e/kWh)

0.0000449 0.0000449 0.0000449 0.0000449 0.0000449
Standard Rate – Healdsburg Electric
Adjusted Electricity Emission Factor
(MT CO2e/kWh)

0.00015 0.000102 0.000054 0.000034 0.000013
Weighted Community Electricity Emissions Factor2,3,4
Residential Adjusted Electricity Emission
Factor (MT CO2e/kWh)1

0.000150 0.000102 0.000054 0.000034 0.000014
Non-residential Adjusted Electricity
Emission Factor (MT CO2e/kWh)2

0.000149 0.000102 0.000054 0.000034 0.000014
Notes: MT CO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent; kWh = kilowatt hour

1. PG&E provides a small amount direct access electricity to non-residential customers. Direct access electricity emission factor based on the 2018 emission factor from the inventory and assumed to go to carbon free by 2045.

2. The Residential Weighted Electricity Emission Factor is developed based on the percent of residential electricity provided by each provider in 2018. It is assumed that the percent of residential electricity provided by each provider remains consistent over time. Based on the 2018 inventory, residential electricity was provided by the providers as follows: ~99.3% by Healdsburg Electric Standard Rate, ~

0.7% by Healdsburg Electric Green Rate.

3. The Non-residential Weighted Electricity Emission Factor is developed based on the percent of non-residential electricity provided by each provider in 2018. It is assumed that the percent of non-residential electricity provided by each provider remains consistent over time. Based on the 2018 inventory, non-residential electricity was provided by the providers as follows:~0.1% by PG&E, <0.01% by Direct Access, ~99.3% by Healdsburg Electric Standard Rate, ~ 0.7% by Healdsburg Electric Green Rate.

4. Green Rate participation increased after 2018 when all City accounts were switched to the Green rate. The weighted factor for the overall community incorporates SB 100 and SB 1020 mandates requiring that renewable energy and zero-carbon sources supply 100 percent of retail electric sales by 2045.

5. PG&E’s power content in 2021 had a large amount of electricity supply from nuclear power and relatively small amount from geothermal and biomass/biowaste. For the purposes of this forecast, the emissions factor is assumed to go to zero by 2045. It is likely that PG&E will need to incorporate eligible renewables that have a small amount of emissions associated with them to achieve RPS requirements. PG&E and Direct Access account for <1% of electricity supply in Healdsburg.

The following methodology was used to calculate transportation related GHG emissions reduction related to various State legislation.
 Transportation Legislation: Activity data for the adjusted forecasted on-road transportation VMT was similarly forecasted as the baseline forecast where the growth metrics were applied to the baseline growth indicators for VMT to forecast on-road VMT. Reductions in GHG emissions from the above referenced transportation standards were calculated using CARB’s EMFAC2021 model for Sonoma County. The EMFAC2021 model integrates the estimated reductions into the mobile source emissions portion of the model.12 The degree to which GHG emissions from on-road transportation 12 Additional details are provided in CARB’s EMFAC2021 Technical Documentation, March 2021. (https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/emfac2021_volume_3_technical_document.pdf). Note that the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) regulation is excluded from EMFAC2021 because most of the emissions benefits due to the LCFS come from the production cycle (upstream emissions) of the fuel rather than the combustion cycle (tailpipe). As a result, LCFS is assumed to not have a significant impact on CO2 emissions from EMFAC’s tailpipe emission estimates.

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will be reduced can be quantified as the difference between transportation emissions calculated using the 2018 provided emission factors and calculated using the reduced emission factors for the target years. In addition, passenger and commercial electric vehicle (EV) electricity consumption was calculated per forecast year based on EV penetration rates obtained from EMFAC 2021.

Passenger and commercial EV emissions from electricity consumption are subtracted from residential and commercial electricity emissions respectively in the adjusted forecast as emissions from EV charging in the forecast years are captured under the transportation sector. This emissions reallocation is labeled as an “EV adjustment” in the forecasts. The forecasted annual VMT and associated GHG emissions factors used to determine the adjusted forecast on-road emissions are provided in Table 13.

Table 13 Healdsburg Passenger On-Road Transportation Forecast 2018 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Total VMT 121,325,224 134,170,813 143,346,234 152,521,655 161,697,077 177,948,622 Weighted Emission
Factor (MT CO2e/mile)

0.0004206 0.0003741 0.0003275 0.0002923 0.0002698 0.0002579 Passenger (LDV) VMT1 116,981,432 129,509,112 138,181,316 146,748,605 155,227,390 170,353,381 Commercial (HD) VMT1 4,343,791 4,661,701 5,164,918 5,773,051 6,469,687 7,595,241 % Passenger EV
Penetration2

0.0% 5.2% 7.8% 9.9% 11.3% 12.0%
% Commercial EV
Penetration2

0.0% 0.7% 7.1% 19.2% 29.5% 36.5%
Passenger EV (LDV) VMT - 6,722,271 10,767,549 14,566,431 17,484,834 20,413,171 Commercial EV (HD)
VMT
- 31,898 366,938 1,107,024 1,905,541 2,770,827
Passenger (LDV) Fuel
Efficiency (kWh/mile)

0.343639 0.355876 0.369772 0.387224 0.401541 0.411350
Commercial (HD) Fuel
Efficiency (kWh/mile)
- 1.410620 1.374296 1.355894 1.351219 1.348309
Passenger (LDV) kWh - 2,392,298 3,981,534 5,640,468 7,020,872 8,396,950 Commercial (HD) kWh - 44,996 504,282 1,501,008 2,574,802 3,735,932 Notes: VMT = vehicle miles traveled; MTCO2e = metric tons carbon dioxide equivalents; LDV = light-duty vehicle; HD = heavy-duty vehicles kWh = kilowatt hour; EV = electric vehicle;

1. Passenger and commercial VMT are calculated based on how SCTA assigned vehicle categories to a LDV or HD classification in emissions calculations where LDV included LDA, LDT1, LDT2, MDV, MH, MCY, LHD1, LHD2, T6IS, UBUS, and OBUS; all other vehicle classes of the EMFAC202x categorization were considered HD. This breakdown was used to estimate increased electricity usage by residential or non-residential buildings.

2. SCTA did not identify EVs as part of the VMT in the 2018 inventory, therefore it is assumed 0% penetration. EMFAC2021 was used to estimate % EV penetration for forecast years based on the vehicle classifications defined by SCTA.

Adjusted GHG Emissions Forecast Results
Compliance with State legislation is expected to result in GHG emissions reduction from the baseline GHG Emissions Forecast in the transportation and energy sectors for residential and non-residential activities. Compliance with the Pavley regulation, which requires automakers to control GHG emission from new passenger vehicles for the 2009 through 2016 model years, and the Advanced Clean Car Program, which combines the control of smog-causing (criteria) pollutants and GHG emissions into a

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single package of regulations including the LEV regulations13, are expected to reduce GHG emissions from transportation. Emissions associated with heavy-duty trucks and transit buses are also anticipated to be reduced through the Advanced Clean Trucks Regulation and Innovative Clean Transit, respectively.

Compliance with Title 24 requirements are expected to reduce GHG emissions from reduced electricity and natural gas consumption in new buildings. Compliance with SB 100 requirements are expected to further reduce GHG emissions associated with the electricity sector by driving GHG emissions associated with electricity to zero by 2045. SB 100 is also anticipated to reduced indirect electricity emissions associated with water and wastewater conveyance and treatment. A detailed summary of the projected GHG emissions under the adjusted forecast by sector and year through 2045 can be found in Table 14 .

Table 14 Healdsburg Adjusted GHG Emissions Forecast Detail GHG Emissions Source 2018 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Transportation
On-Road Transportation 51,033 50,194 46,951 44,583 43,631 45,897 Off Road – Transportation
and Equipment 2,738 3,117 3,309 3,451 3,598 3,711
Electricity1
Residential Electricity 4,657 4,394 3,233 1,817 1,189 499 Non-Residential Electricity 8,153 7,346 5,234 2,822 1,785 694 Natural Gas
Residential Natural Gas 10,976 11,646 12,274 12,372 12,470 12,568 Non-Residential Natural
Gas 7,525 8,018 8,481 8,553 8,626 8,698
Stationary Sources
Stationary Sources 119 122 129 130 132 133
Water2,3
Indirect Electricity from
Water Delivery 274 70 74 75 75 76
Wastewater
Direct Emissions from
Wastewater Treatment 101 104 110 111 112 113
Solid Waste
Solid Waste Generation 7,898 8,108 8,587 8,672 8,757 8,830 TOTAL 93,473 93,120 88,381 82,586 80,374 81,219
Notes: Values in this table may not add up to totals due to rounding. All values are of the unit metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MT CO2e)

1. Electricity associated with EV charging due to EV penetration over the 2018 inventory year is added to the building energy sector in the adjusted forecast.

3. The City indicated that starting in late 2018, the City switched all accounts to use all Green Rate electricity including water conveyance. 13 The LEV III regulations adopted in 2012 increase emissions standards on GHG for new passenger vehicles through 2025 model year.

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Figure 2 presents the GHG emissions trends in terms of MT CO2e for the Adjusted forecast. Adjusted forecast emissions trend downward over time through 2045 with the decrease becoming more gradual between 2035 and 2045.

Figure 2 Healdsburg Adjusted GHG Emissions Forecast (MT CO2e) through 2045 Table 15 provides the results summary of the GHG emissions forecast for Healdsburg, including the Baseline GHG Emissions Forecast, the Adjusted GHG Forecast, and the expected percentage GHG emissions reduction based on compliance with State GHG legislation.

Table 15 Healdsburg GHG Emissions Forecast Results Summary 2018 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Baseline Forecast 93,473 101,544 108,029 112,421 116,818 124,145 Transportation Reductions 0 6,242 13,345 19,572 24,383 28,953 Title 24 Reductions 0 378 733 788 843 899
SB 100/SB 1020 Reductions 0 1,804 5,571 9,475 11,217 13,075 Legislative Adjusted Forecast 93,473 93,120 88,381 82,586 80,374 81,219 Percent Reduction in GHG
Emissions from Legislation

0.0% 8.3% 18.2% 26.5% 31.2% 34.6%
SB = Senate Bill; GHG = greenhouse gas
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Emissions (MT CO2e)
Transportation Solid Waste Water/Wastewater Natural Gas Electricity Other Stationary Sources

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Healdsburg GHG Emissions Targets
GHG reduction targets are used to establish measurable metrics intended to guide the community’s commitment to achieve GHG emissions reduction and help gauge progress with reducing emissions over time. GHG targets are developed relative to a baseline emissions level. California has established Statewide GHG reduction goals for 2030 and 2045. The State has encouraged communities to adopt their own plans consistent with these goals in the CARB 2022 Scoping Plan. Thus, local agencies are recommended to establish at a minimum, equivalent reduction targets at the local level by establishing community wide GHG reduction goals for climate action that will help California achieve its 2030 and 2045 GHG emissions goals.

GHG reduction targets can be set as either an efficiency target (MT CO2e per capita) or as a communitywide mass emissions target (total MT CO2e). In CARB’s 2017 Scoping Plan Update, efficiency metrics were identified as potential local targets to normalize population changes and not penalize cities which are growing at significant rates.14 Within this section, targets are discussed in terms of absolute or mass emissions (MT CO2e) and per capita emissions (MT CO2e per person).

Healdsburg GHG Emissions Targets for 2030 and 2045
As the State is continuously setting new GHG emission targets, this allows Healdsburg to choose a variety of GHG emission targets to include in their CMS. These targets include:
 State-mandated target for a CEQA qualified Climate Action Plan (SB 32 Minimum Target) ▫ Senate Bill (SB) 32/Assembly Bill (AB) 1279 – 40% below 1990 emissions level by 2030, carbon neutrality by 2045. The State-mandated target (or SB 32 minimum) requires a clear plan to reach the 2030 target of 40% below 1990 levels, and a pathway toward carbon neutrality by 2045. AB 1279 requires the reduction in GHG emissions by 85% below 1990 levels by 2045. The remaining 15% of emissions would be removed via carbon removal technology or natural working lands.
 Regional Aspirational targets
▫ Carbon-neutrality by 2030. This target represents the most ambitious target that the RCPA has set for Sonoma County. This target also exceeds Governor Newsom’s recent direction to CARB to explore feasibility of carbon neutrality by 2035. Achieving this target entails an 80% reduction in emissions from 1990 levels coupled with carbon sequestration to meet the remaining 20% of emissions removal to achieve carbon neutrality by 2030.

With GHG emission reduction targets in place, the reduction gap that Healdsburg will be responsible for through local action can be calculated. The CMS will assess the GHG emissions reduction gap based on the difference between the legislative adjusted GHG emissions forecast and the State and Regional GHG reduction targets.

There are two methodologies for calculating the minimum GHG emissions reductions the city will have to monitor to stay on track for supporting these goals. The City could choose to adopt mass emission or per capita targets. Mass emission targets describe emissions in terms of total MT CO2e without any adjustment for population growth. The 2017 California Climate Change Scoping Plan Update includes guidance that details the methodology and benefits of developing per capita targets. The key benefit of a per capita target is that it corrects for population growth, as the target does not become more difficult 14 California Air Resources Board. 2017. California’s Climate Change Scoping Plan, p. 99-102.

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to reach if the City grows faster than projected. Per capita emissions targets are developed by dividing the emissions in each target year by the forecasted population. Mass and per capita emissions targets for each of the potential targets listed above (i.e., state-mandated SB 32/AB 1279 target and RCPA target) are summarized below in Table 16.

Table 16 Summary of Healdsburg GHG Emission Reduction Targets and Gap Analysis Metric 2025 20302 2035 2040 20452
Population1 12,025 12,746 12,882 13,018 13,127
Mass Emissions Adjusted Forecast
(MT CO2e)
93,120 88,381 82,586 80,374 81,219
Per Capita Adjusted Forecast
(MT CO2e per capita)

7.7 6.9 6.4 6.2 6.2
State Emissions Target and Gap
State Mass Emissions Target
(Pathway) (MT CO2e) 71,339 55,530 37,020 18,510 0.0
Remaining Emissions Gap from
State targets (MT CO2e)
21,781 32,851 45,566 61,865 81,219
Per Capita State Targets
(MT CO2e per capita) 6.7 5.9 3.9 2.0 0.0
State Efficiency Emissions Target
(Pathway) (MT CO2e) 80,240 74,746 50,362 25,447 -
Remaining Emissions Gap from
State targets (MT CO2e)
12,881 13,636 32,224 54,927 81,219
RCPA Emissions Target and Gap2
RCPA Mass Emissions Target
(Pathway) (MT CO2e) 49,744 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Remaining Emissions Gap from
RCPA targets (MT CO2e)
43,376 88,381 82,586 80,374 81,219
Per Capita RCPA Targets
(MT CO2e per capita) 4.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
RCPA Efficiency Emissions Target
(Pathway) (MT CO2e) 52,816 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Remaining Emissions Gap from
RCPA targets (MT CO2e)
40,304 88,381 82,586 80,374 81,219
Notes: MT CO2e = Metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent; N/A = not applicable Emissions have been rounded to the nearest whole number and therefore sums may not match.

1. Population projections for the GHG inventories (1990,2010, 2015, 2018) and forecasted population projections obtained from CA Dept of Finance, RCPA Climate Action Plan 2020.

2. The RCPA has set a target to exceed the states target by reaching carbon neutrality by 2030 and urges cities within Sonoma County to adopt a similar target.

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Table 17 provides further detail on the portion of the total emissions gap that would need to come from direct emission reductions that the city would achieve through local actions to align with the emission reduction targets. The difference between the total emissions gap and the direct emission reductions is the emission removals that would need to be achieved through carbon sequestration or other carbon removal technologies to reach carbon neutrality.

Table 17 GHG Emission Reduction versus Emission Removal Targets Metric 2025 20302 2035 2040 20452
State Emissions Target and Gap – Mass Emissions Target Pathway Emissions Gap from State targets
(MT CO2e)1
21,781 32,851 45,566 61,865 81,219
Direct Emission Reductions (MT
CO2e)2
21,781 32,851 40,939 52,610 67,336
Emission Removals (MT CO2e)2 0.0 0.0 4,627 9,255 13,882 State Emissions Target and Gap – Efficiency Emissions Target Pathway Emissions Gap from State targets
(MT CO2e)1
12,881 13,636 32,224 54,927 81,219
Direct Emission Reductions (MT
CO2e)2
12,881 13,636 25,928 42,204 61,974
Emission Removals (MT CO2e)2 0.0 0.0 6,295 12,724 19,245 RCPA Emissions Target and Gap - Mass Emissions Target Pathway Emissions Gap from RCPA targets
(MT CO2e)1
43,376 88,381 82,586 80,374 81,219
Direct Emission Reductions (MT
CO2e)2
43,376 69,871 65,619 64,950 67,336
Emission Removals (MT CO2e)2 0.0 18,510 16,967 15,425 13,882 RCPA Emissions Target and Gap – Efficiency Emissions Target Pathway Emissions Gap from RCPA targets
(MT CO2e)1
40,304 88,381 82,586 80,374 81,219
Direct Emission Reductions (MT
CO2e)2
40,304 63,466 59,503 59,168 61,974
Emission Removals (MT CO2e)2 0.0 24,915 23,083 21,206 19,245 Notes: MT CO2e = Metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent; N/A = not applicable Emissions have been rounded to the nearest whole number and therefore sums may not match.

1. Obtained from Table 16.

2. The targets specify the percent of the carbon neutrality goal that would be achieved through direct emission reductions versus carbon removals via carbon sequestration or other carbon removal technology.

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Figure 3 presents the gap the city will be responsible for to meet the State’s SB 32/AB 1279 emissions reduction targets of 60% and 85% emission reductions from 1990 levels in 2030 and 2045, respectively.

The graph also shows the anticipated level of carbon removals that would be needed to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045 in alignment with AB 1279. Figure 4 presents the gap the city would need to meet to achieve the RCPA target of carbon neutrality by 2030 through an 80% reduction in emissions from 1990 levels coupled with 20% of carbon removals. The targets are shown as mass emissions and as efficiency targets converted to mass emissions.

Figure 3 GHG Emissions Gap Analysis for State Targets
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2018 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
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Adjusted Forecast State Mass Emissions Pathway State Target Carbon Removals

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Figure 4 GHG Emissions Gap Analysis for RCPA Targets
Plan to Meet the Targets
The 2030 and 2045 targets identified above would be achieved through a combination of existing California measures and implementation of local measures identified in the Healdsburg CMS. Local measures will be identified through a comprehensive assessment of existing local and regional policies, programs, actions, and community ideas and by assessing any gaps and identifying additional opportunities. Additional measures will be developed from best practices of other similar and neighboring jurisdictions, as well as those recommended by organizations and agencies, such as the California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA), the Office of Planning and Research, CARB’s 2022 Scoping Plan, and Association of Environmental Professionals (AEP). Measures will be vetted by City staff, interested parties, and the community and the top measures will be quantified to identify their overall contribution to the City’s 2030 and 2045 GHG reduction targets in the Healdsburg CMS.
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Packet Pg. 578 Attachment: Attachment A: Healdsburg GHG Emissions Forecast + Gap Analysis [Revision 1] (3911 : Update on Climate Mobilization Strategy) Public Engagement Activities and Promotion
Council Kickoff Presentation & GHG Inventory Summary Presentation (October 17)
Council Consent Item for Climate Mobilization Strategy professional services agreement (November 21)
Community Kickoff Workshop (December 12)
• Email blasts
• Social media
o Facebook event
• Flyer/poster distribution
• Chamber/Visitor Center outreach
• Spanish Speaker outreach (in partnership with Corazon, including door to door outreach) • Climate Action Healdsburg outreach
• City Manager newsletter
• Event posted on City calendar
Initial Climate Mobilization Strategy Survey (December 12-January 31) • Offered in both English and Spanish
• Email blasts
• Social media
o Video with Utility Conservation Analyst (English/Spanish) o Reels of sample survey questions
• Flyer/poster distribution (English/Spanish)
o Senior Center
o Library
• Posted at computer stations
o Community Center
o City Hall & Community Development Center
• Chamber/Visitor Center outreach
• Spanish Speaker outreach (in partnership with Corazon, including door to door outreach) • Climate Action Healdsburg outreach
• City Manager newsletter
• Poster in Plaza (English/Spanish)
• Flyers at Council meeting
• Attend Senior Center lunch
• Senior Center newsletter
• Promotion at Rotary Club meeting

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Packet Pg. 579 Attachment: Attachment B: CMS Public Engagement Activities and Promotion (3911 : Update on Climate Mobilization Strategy) • January bill insert to all utility customers (English/Spanish) • Added CMS information to template for all rebate check cover letters • Email to all City staff
Forecast, Targets, and Strategies Workshop (March 1)
• Email blasts
• Social media
o Facebook event (English/Spanish)
o Video with Mayor (English) and Parks Superintendent (Spanish) • Flyer/poster distribution (English/Spanish)
o Senior Center
o Library
o Community Center
o City Hall & Community Development Center
o Starbucks
o Black Oak Coffee
• Chamber/Visitor Center outreach
• Spanish Speaker outreach (in partnership with Corazon, including door to door outreach in multiple neighborhoods)
o Facilitated in-person interpretation of workshop activity • Climate Action Healdsburg outreach
• City Manager newsletter
• Poster in Plaza (English/Spanish)
• Newspaper inclusion of event
• Event posted on City calendar
City Staff Interviews (Feb-March)
• Utilities, Public Works, Community Development, Community Services Small Group Meetings
• Climate Action Healdsburg (July 25, multiple Climate Fest planning meetings, March 15) • Chamber of Commerce Government Affairs (February 9)
• Rotary Club (March 27)
• Senior Center (March 29 and April 6)
o Senior Center flyers
• High School Eco-Art Club (April 7)
• Corazon Comite – currently scheduling
• High School student clubs – currently scheduling
• Tribal representatives – currently scheduling
Strategy Prioritization Survey (April 22-May 19)
• Survey offered in both English and Spanish

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Packet Pg. 580 Attachment: Attachment B: CMS Public Engagement Activities and Promotion (3911 : Update on Climate Mobilization Strategy) • To utilize similar promotion strategies as above
Climate Fest Booth Activity (April 22)
• Email blast
• City Manager Newsletter
• Social media
• Overall Climate Fest promotional activities
• Opportunity drawing for e-bike for electric customers that participation in micro activity at booth
Council Update Presentation (May 1)
Council Review of Draft Strategies (June 21)
Draft Climate Mobilization Strategies Workshop (Summer) • To utilize similar promotion strategies as above
Draft Climate Mobilization Strategies Survey (Summer)
• To utilize similar promotion strategies as above
Council Review Presentation (Tentative September 5)
• Publicly noticed
Council Adoption Presentation (Tentative September 18)

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Packet Pg. 581 Attachment: Attachment B: CMS Public Engagement Activities and Promotion (3911 : Update on Climate Mobilization Strategy)

CITY OF HEALDSBURG

CITY COUNCIL AGENDA STAFF REPORT
MEETING DATE: May 1, 2023
SUBJECT: Adopt Cannabis Business Tax Rates
PREPARED BY: Andrew Sturmfels, Assistant City Manager
STRATEGIC INITIATIVE(S):

Establish Proactive Policies/Programs to Continue to Promote Economic Diversity & Sustainable Growth
Provide Effective Governance
RECOMMENDED ACTION(S):

Adopt a Resolution setting the previously approved cannabis business tax at the rate of 4% for all retail sales, 2% for manufacturing, 2% for lab testing, and no tax for distribution, and the same rates for microbusinesses at the cannabis tax rate applicable for each component of business activity.

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT/OUTREACH:

Establishing a cannabis business tax was discussed at a City Council work session in November 2021 and a regular City Council meeting in May 2022. On June 21, 2022, the City Council adopted a Resolution placing a Cannabis Business Tax Measure on the ballot for the November 8, 2022, election. The measure was put on the ballot as Measure M. On November 8th, 4,869 votes were cast on Measure M, with 3,529 “Yes” votes and 1,240 “No” votes. The Measure, requiring 50% voter approval, passed with 72.5% voter approval.

The City Council discussed establishing the business tax during the April 3rd, 2023 City Council meeting and provided direction to staff to return at a future meeting with a proposed resolution to establish cannabis business tax rates.

BACKGROUND:

On November 8th, the voters of Healdsburg approved the establishment of a cannabis business tax (Measure M). The approved Measure adds Chapter 3.32 to the Healdsburg Municipal Code, establishing the process and procedures for establishing a cannabis business tax upon every person who engages in business in the city as a cannabis business, not to exceed a maximum annual rate of eight percent of gross receipts. The approved Measure authorizes the City Council, at its discretion, to pass a resolution to implement tax rates lower than the maximum rate

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established (8%), establish different tax rates for different categories of cannabis businesses, including medical versus recreational use or for products of different potencies. The Council may, by resolution, increase or decrease any such tax rate from time to time, so long as the tax rate established does not exceed 8%.

DISCUSSION/ANALYSIS:

Proposition 64 authorized the State of California to charge a 15% state excise tax on all retail cannabis sales (recreational and medical), 100% of which will fund state-administered programs.

Additionally, retail sales of adult use cannabis are subject to state sales and use tax, however medicinal cannabis is exempt from state sales and use tax. Staff are recommending the City Council establish business tax rates for authorized cannabis business types. For the types of cannabis businesses authorized within the City of Healdsburg, the following cannabis business tax rates are currently in place in other Sonoma County jurisdictions:

Retail Sales Retail
Medical Distribution Manufacturing Testing
Cloverdale 3.5% 3.5% 3.5% 3.5% 3.5%
Cotati 3% Exempt 2% 1% NA
Santa Rosa 3% Exempt 0% 1% NA
Sonoma 4% 4% 0% 4% 2%
Sonoma County 2% 2% 0% 3% 0%
Retail sales include both delivery and in-store sales. Currently, both Sebastopol and Petaluma authorize some cannabis business types but do not tax them. The Cities of Windsor and Rohnert Park do not allow cannabis businesses to operate. Cloverdale initially authorized a 4.5% tax but lowered the tax in recent years.

During the April 3, 2023 City Council Meeting, Council directed staff to return with a proposed resolution establishing cannabis business taxes at the following rates:

Retail (all): 4%
Distribution: No Tax
Manufacturing: 2%
Testing: 2%
During the April 3, 2023 meeting the Council additionally requested that staff inquire with the County to obtain more information on the number of medical licensees who are Healdsburg residents. Staff reached out to the County but County officials were unable to provide any information regarding the total number of licensees currently within the County or within the City of Healdsburg. Because the previous City Council discussion did not include a clear mandate to provide a second, lower tax rate for purchases with a medical license, the proposal above provides just one tax rate for all retail sales. Should the Council wish to create a secondary rate for licensed medical users, 2% would be roughly in line with other jurisdictions that have implemented a two-tiered structure.

Upon adoption of a cannabis business tax rate, staff will complete the process of developing the

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reporting forms, process documents, and other operational tasks required. Forms and instructions will be posted on the City’s website. The City will provide businesses beginning to operate with all the materials to support successful administration of the business tax.

ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP:

Not Applicable.

ALTERNATIVES:

Council may choose to adjust any of the proposed tax rates.

FISCAL IMPACT:

Revenues collected from the establishment of an excise tax would be placed into the general fund and are subject to appropriation via the bi-annual budget process.

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS:

Pursuant to California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) and Title 14, California Code of Regulations Section 15378(b)(2), the recommended action is administrative in nature and does not qualify as a “Project” under CEQA. Therefore, no further CEQA or environmental review is required.

ATTACHMENT(S):

Resolution

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CITY OF HEALDSBURG
RESOLUTION NO. ___-2023

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF

HEALDSBURG SETTNG THE PREVIOUSLY APPROVED
CANNABIS BUSINESS TAX AT THE RATE OF 4% FOR ALL
RETAIL SALES, 2% FOR MANUFACTURING, 2% FOR LAB

TESTING, AND NO TAX FOR DISTRIBUTION, AND THE

SAME RATES FOR MICROBUSINESSES AT THE CANNABIS

TAX RATE APPLICABLE FOR EACH COMPONENT OF

BUSINESS ACTIVITY
WHEREAS, on June 27, 2017, the Medical and Adult Use Cannabis Regulation and Safety Act (MAUCRSA) was signed into law, which provided a comprehensive regulatory framework for licensing, control, and taxation of medical and adult-use cannabis businesses in California; and WHEREAS, on April 17, 2023, the City Council adopted an ordinance amending the Healdsburg Municipal Code to allow commercial cannabis businesses to operate within the City of Healdsburg; and
WHEREAS, on November 8th, 2022, voters of the City of Healdsburg adopted a Cannabis Business Tax with 72.5% voter approval; and
WHEREAS, the approved general tax measure allows the City Council to implement, by Resolution, a tax of up to 8% on the gross receipts of the commercial cannabis businesses in the City; and
WHEREAS, at the April 3rd City Council Meeting, the City Council provided direction to staff to return with a resolution establishing cannabis business tax rates; and WHEREAS, the City Council now desires to impose the Cannabis Business Tax, pursuant to Healdsburg Municipal Code section 3.32.050(C), at the rate of 4% for all retail sales, 2% for Manufacturing, 2$ for Laboratory Testing, and no tax for Distribution.

WHEREAS, the setting of the previously approved cannabis business tax, Pursuant to California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) and Title 14, California Code of Regulations Section 15378(b)(2), is an administrative action and does not qualify as a “Project.” Therefore, no further CEQA or environmental review is required.

NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF HEALDSBURG DOES HEREBY:
1) Establish a cannabis business tax at the following rates:
a. Retail Sales: 4%
b. Manufacturing: 2%

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c. Laboratory Testing: 2%
d. Distribution: 0%
e. Microbusinesses: Same rates for each individual component 2) Finds that pursuant to California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) and Title 14, California Code of Regulations Section 15378(b)(2), that the setting of the previously approved cannabis business tax, does not qualify as a “Project.” Therefore, no further CEQA or environmental review is required.

PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Healdsburg this 17th day of April 2023, by the following vote:

AYES: Councilmembers: ()
NOES: Councilmembers: ()
ABSENT: Councilmembers: ()
ABSTAINING: Councilmembers: ()
SO ORDERED: ATTEST:
__________________________________ ____________________________________ Ariel Kelley, Mayor Raina Allan, City Clerk

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CITY OF HEALDSBURG

CITY COUNCIL AGENDA STAFF REPORT
MEETING DATE: May 1, 2023
SUBJECT: Discussion and Direction Regarding a Safe Gun Storage Ordinance PREPARED BY: Matt Jenkins, Police Chief
STRATEGIC INITIATIVE(S):

Maintain and Enhance Public Health and Safety
RECOMMENDED ACTION(S):

Receive a presentation and provide direction to staff on safe gun storage.

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT/OUTREACH:

This City Council meeting is the first engagement with the community regarding a safe storage ordinance.

BACKGROUND:

At the April 3, 2023 meeting, City Council requested that a discussion on Safe Gun Storage be placed on a future agenda.

DISCUSSION/ANALYSIS:

Safe Storage Ordinances have been adopted by Cities throughout California to require that firearms be securely stored within private residences. To comply with this type of ordinance, owners must store firearms in a locked container or place a locking device on the firearm while it is stored. Some Safe Storage Ordinances also require timely reporting of missing or stolen firearms to law enforcement. Locally, the Cities of Petaluma, St. Helena, and Napa have passed Safe Storage Ordinances.

The following is a summary of relevant sections of the Healdsburg Municipal Code and California law pertaining to gun storage:

Municipal Code: The Healdsburg Municipal Code does not have any provisions regulating gun storage, with the exception of storage of guns at licensed gun stores.

Healdsburg Municipal Code section 20.20.105 (Firearm Sales) requires that “firearms and ammunition, at all times, whether on display or in storage, be maintained in a secured and locked location so that access is controlled solely by the dealer or employee, to the

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exclusion of others.” The City does not regulate residential storage.

State law: State law only requires that firearms be stored securely if the firearms could be accessed by a child or if a person who is prohibited from possessing a firearm is likely to gain access to the firearm. The violation increases in degree if a child or prohibited person obtains access to the firearm and causes injuries or carries the firearm offpremises.

State law also requires that persons leaving handguns in unattended vehicles must: 1) lock the handguns in a trunk; 2) lock the handguns in a container placed out of plain view; 3) lock the handguns in a container permanently affixed to the vehicle’s interior and not in plain view; or 4) or lock the handguns in a locked toolbox or utility box.

State law also requires that every person report the loss or theft of a firearm that they own within five days of the time that they reasonably knew or should have known that the firearm handgun had been lost or stolen.

Attached to this staff report for review and reference are Safe Storage Ordinances for the cities of St. Helena and Petaluma. The key difference between the two ordinances is the enforcement mechanism – Petaluma chose to make a violation of the ordinance a misdemeanor criminal offense, whereas St. Helena chose to make the violation a civil offense (fine). Petaluma’s ordinance also requires every person to report the loss or theft of a firearm to its police department within forty-eight hours from the time the person suspected or knew that the firearm had been lost or stolen.

Police Departments in jurisdictions that have enacted Safe Storage Ordinances cannot enter a private residence to ensure compliance or take proactive enforcement action without a warrant.

Enforcement would thus typically occur in conjunction with another incident or crime wherein a person is found to have gained access to a firearm unlawfully stored.

ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP:

Not applicable.

ALTERNATIVES:

City Council could choose to direct staff to return with a Safe Storage Ordinance or may choose to take no further action.

FISCAL IMPACT:

There is no fiscal impact related to the proposed action.

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS:

Pursuant to California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) and Title 14, the California Code of Regulations Section 15378(b)(2), the recommended action is administrative in nature and does not qualify as a “Project” under CEQA. Therefore, no further CEQA or environmental review is required.

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ATTACHMENT(S):

Petaluma Municipal Code 10.56
St Helena Municipal Code 9.18 SAFE FIREARM STORAGE

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Ordinance No. ____ N.C.S. Page 1

EFFECTIVE DATE

OF ORDINANCE
Month DD, YYYY
ORDINANCE NO. _____ N.C.S.

Introduced by: ______________ Seconded by: ______________

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PETALUMA AMENDING CHAPTER 10.56 OF THE PETALUMA MUNICIPAL CODE ENTITLED “POSSESSION OR DISCHARGE” TO ADD REGULATIONS REGARDING SAFE STORAGE OF FIREARMS IN RESIDENCES AND RETITLING THE CHAPTER “POSSESSION, STORAGE AND DISCHARGE OF FIREARMS”
WHEREAS, the City of Petaluma does not presently regulate firearm storage within residential locations; and
WHEREAS, the unsafe storage of firearms threatens public health and safety nationally, regionally, and locally; and
WHEREAS, improperly stored firearms may result in accidental firearm injuries and/or deaths, particularly in homes with children.

WHEREAS, having a loaded or unlocked firearm in the home has been associated with an increased risk of firearm-related injury and death, as well as theft of the firearm; and WHEREAS, a 2000 study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that “[o]f the homes with children and firearms, 55% were reported to have [one] or more firearms in an unlocked place,” and 43% reported keeping guns without a trigger lock in an unlocked place; and according to a 2018 study of households with guns published in the American Journal of Public Health, nearly a quarter of all gun owners keep their firearms unlocked; and
WHEREAS, in 2018, a study published in the Journal of Urban Health found that roughly 4.6 million children and youth under age 18 were living in homes with loaded and unlocked firearms and in addition, a study published in 2006 in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine found that 73% of children under age 10 living in homes with guns reported knowing the location of their parents’ firearms; and WHEREAS, the same 2018 study published in the Journal of Urban Health demonstrated that parents often believe, incorrectly, that their children do not know the location of guns stored in the home or that their children have not handled their parents’ firearms; nearly a quarter of parents did not know that their children had handled a gun in their home, even though 36% of children admitted to handling their parent’s firearm; and WHEREAS, many young children, including toddlers, are strong enough to fire handguns; and WHEREAS, a Washington Post report in 2015 showed that toddlers were responsible for an average of one shooting a week that year, and in 2013, more preschoolers were shot to death (82) than police officers (27) according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Federal Bureau of Investigation published in October 2015 by the New York Times, and a 1991 study by the U.S. Government Accountability

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Office found that 8% of accidental shooting deaths resulted from guns fired by children under the age of six; and
WHEREAS, an analysis published by Everytown for Gun Safety in 2014 found that over a one-year period spanning 2012-2013, at least 100 children were killed in unintentional shootings amounting to nearly two each week, and the same analysis also found that 70% of shooting deaths involving children could have been prevented if the firearm had been stored locked and unloaded; and WHEREAS, a 1999 study published in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine found that more than 75% of the guns used in youth suicide attempts and unintentional injuries were stored in the residence of the victim, a relative, or a friend; and
WHEREAS, in 1999, researchers from the Harvard Injury Control Research Center found at least two studies illustrating that the risk of suicide increases in homes where guns are kept loaded and/or unlocked; and WHEREAS, in California, between 2004 and 2014, 114 children and teenagers were unintentionally killed with firearms, and approximately 500 children and teenagers committed suicide with firearms, according to data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention; and WHEREAS, data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that in the fifteen years following the implementation of Massachusetts’ safe storage law, the rate of firearm suicide for children and teen ages ten through nineteen fell 49% faster than the national average; and WHEREAS, unsecured guns are susceptible to theft and pose a significant public health and safety hazard; and
WHEREAS, a 2017 study in the journal Injury Epidemiology found that nationally–representative survey data suggests that approximately 380,000 guns are stolen from individual gun owners each year and that gun owners who do not safely store their firearms are significantly more likely to have their guns stolen; reporting from The Trace in 2017 also disclosed that between 2006 and 2016, the number of guns reported stolen from individuals increased by approximately 60%; and WHEREAS, in a 2017 report by The Trace, an analysis of more than 23,000 stolen firearms recovered by the police between 2010 and 2016 revealed that many of these weapons were recovered in connection with crimes, including 1,500 violent acts; and
WHEREAS, according to Crime in California 2021, a report by the California Department of Justice, individuals in the state reported over $75,000 worth of stolen guns between 2016 and 2021; and WHEREAS, a 2018 report in the Washington Post found that since 1999, children have committed at least 145 school shootings, and of those, the weapon’s source was identified in 105 cases, and eighty percent of those weapons had been taken by children from their homes or the homes of relatives or friends; and WHEREAS, another 2018 story by the Wall Street Journal confirmed that most school shootings are committed by minors with guns from the home; and
WHEREAS, in July, 2004, the U.S. Secret Service and U.S. Department of Education published a study examining 37 school shootings from 1974-2000 and found that in more than 65% of the cases, the attacker got the gun from his or her own home or that of a relative, and the Sandy Hook shooter, who massacred 20 firstgraders and 6 of their educators on December 14, 2012, used guns he took from his mother; and

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WHEREAS, a 2014 analysis of school shootings in the 14 months following the Sandy Hook massacre conducted by Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America, identified at least 20 shootings that were perpetrated by minors, and of those shootings where the source of the firearm was known, 75% obtained their guns from home; and
WHEREAS, a study published in 2010 in the Journal of Interpersonal Violence found that easy access to guns at home makes it significantly more likely that a juvenile will commit a violent offense; and WHEREAS, a 2007 report by the International Association of Chiefs of Police recommends that state and local governments mandate safe storage of firearms to protect children and youth from gun violence; and WHEREAS, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that individuals who choose to keep guns in the home, should keep the firearms unloaded and locked in a separate location from ammunition; and WHEREAS, requiring firearms to be stored with trigger locks or in a locked container does not substantially burden the right or ability to use firearms for self-defense in the home, because affordable lockboxes using Simplex-type locks, which pop open immediately when several keys or pushbuttons are touched in a preset sequence, are widely available; users report that they can retrieve a loaded weapon in just two to three seconds, and that the locks are also easy to open in the dark; and a publication of the Education & Training Division of the National Rifle Association describes this type lockbox as providing “a good combination of security and quick access;” and some lockboxes also feature biometric locks, which provide immediate access when they scan the owner’s fingerprint; and WHEREAS, one state—Massachusetts—requires gun owners to keep unattended guns safely stored under all circumstances and in 2021, Colorado and Oregon enacted versions of safe storage regulations to prevent gun access by minors and, in Colorado, other prohibited individuals; and WHEREAS, as of April, 2021, at least 20 California cities have enacted safe storage requirements for guns kept in the home, and at least eight jurisdictions in New York State—New York City, Rochester, Buffalo, Albany, Syracuse, Saratoga Springs, Beacon, and Westchester County—also require guns to be stored securely; and
WHEREAS, San Francisco’s safe storage law was upheld as constitutional by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in Jackson v. City and County of San Francisco,746 F.3d 953 (9th Cir. 2014), where the court found that San Francisco’s locked-storage law served a significant government interest by reducing the number of gun-related injuries and deaths from having an unlocked handgun in the home; and WHEREAS, state courts that have reviewed Massachusetts’ and New York City’s safe storage laws in 2013 and 2012, respectively, have also upheld these laws as constitutional under the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution; and
WHEREAS, earlier notification of lost or stolen firearms allows police to more easily identify stolen weapons during the course of an investigation, and a 48-hour reporting period may reduce the chance of lost or stolen firearms being used in additional crimes; and

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WHEREAS, Morgan Hill’s ordinance requiring that the theft or loss of a gun to be reported to the police within 48-hours was found not to be preempted by California law in Kirk v. City of Morgan Hill (2022) 83 Cal.App.5th 976, and the court in Kirk noted cities’ ability to impose more stringent firearm regulations than prescribed by state law, given the significant local safety interests at stake; and WHEREAS, in enacting this ordinance the City Council is relying on its authority to legislate to protect the health, safety and welfare of the Petaluma community with respect to firearms in accordance with the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the rulings in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) 128 S.Ct. 2783 and Jackson v. City and County of San Francisco (2014) 746 F.3d 953, the City’s police power pursuant to Article XI, Sections 5 and 7 of the California Constitution, and the ruling in Kirk v. City of Morgan Hill (2022) 83 Cal.App.5th 976; and
WHEREAS, this ordinance, amending Chapter 10.56 (Weapons) of Title 10 (Peace, Safety, and Morals) of the Petaluma Municipal Code, is not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) under the general rule in CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3) that CEQA applies only to projects which have the potential for causing a significant effect on the environment, and the requirement for separate safe storage of guns and ammunition and the reporting of stolen guns will not have a significant effect on the environment; and
WHEREAS, the proposed ordinance is additionally categorically exempt pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15301 (Existing Facilities), as the requirement for storage of a firearm either in a locked container or for the firearm to be disabled with a safety device would at most be a minor facilities alteration involving negligible or no expansion of existing use; and WHEREAS, the proposed ordinance is additionally exempt from CEQA pursuant to Sections 15307 and 15308 of the CEQA Guidelines as actions taken to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement, and protection of natural resources and the environment as authorized by state law where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the environment; and the basis for this determination is that the proposed ordinance strengthens existing standards for storage and reporting of stolen guns which can prevent gun accidents and protect human health, which is an aspect of the environment regulated under Public Resources Code Section 21083(b)(3); and
WHEREAS, on December 5, 2022, the Petaluma City Council considered the proposed ordinance at a duly noticed public meeting at which time all interested members of the public were provided the opportunity to provide public comment;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of Petaluma, as follows:

Section 1. Recitals Made Findings. The above recitals are declared to be true and correct and are incorporated into this ordinance as findings of the City Council.

Section 2. CEQA Findings. This ordinance amending Chapter 10.56 (Weapons) of Title 10 (Peace, Safety, and Morals) of the Petaluma Municipal Code is not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) under the general rule in CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3) that CEQA applies only to projects which have the potential for causing a significant effect on the environment, and the requirement for separate safe storage of guns and ammunition and the reporting of stolen guns will not have a significant effect on the environment.

Additionally, this ordinance is categorically exempt pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15301 (Existing Facilities), as the requirement for storage of a firearm either in a locked container or for the firearm to

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be disabled with a safety device would at most be a minor alteration to facilities involving negligible or no expansion of existing use.

Moreover, this ordinance is additionally exempt from CEQA pursuant to Sections 15307 and 15308 of the CEQA Guidelines as actions taken to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement, and protection of natural resources and the environment as authorized by state law where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the environment, and the basis for this determination is that this ordinance strengthens existing standards for storage and reporting of stolen guns which should prevent gun accidents and protect human health, which is an aspect of the environment regulated under Public Resources Code Section 21083(b)(3).

Section 3. Chapter 10.56 of the Petaluma Municipal Code Amended. Chapter 10.56 of the Petaluma Municipal Code, entitled, “Possession or Discharge” is hereby retitled as “Chapter 10.56 Possession, Storage and Discharge of Firearms” and amended and replaced in its entirety to read as follows (Bold italics is added test; Strikethrough is deleted text):

Chapter 10.56 Possession, Storage and or Discharge of Firearms

10.56.010 Purpose.

This chapter is adopted in the exercise of the police power of the city for the protection of the welfare, safety, peace and comfort of the residents of the City of Petaluma to reduce harm that may be caused by firearms that are unnecessarily or unsafely discharged in the city, or that are not securely stored or that are lost or stolen and not reported, while preserving the rights guaranteed by the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

10.56.020 Definitions.

The following words and phrases, whenever used in this chapter, shall have meanings specified in this section unless the context clearly requires otherwise, and any reference to California or Federal statutes includes any regulations promulgated thereunder and includes interpretations of the of the Courts and any successor or amended version of the referenced statute or regulatory provision:

A. “Firearm” means any device, designed to be used as a weapon from which is expelled through a barrel a projectile by the force of an explosion or other form of combustion as defined in California Penal Code Section 16520. “Firearm” does not include an “antique firearm” as defined by 18 U.S.C. 921(a)(16).

B. “Firearm precursor part” means any forging, casting, printing, extrusion, machined body or similar article that has reached a stage in manufacture where it may readily be completed, assembled or converted to be used as the frame or receiver of a functional firearm, or that is marketed or sold to the public to become or be used as the frame or receiver of a functional firearm once completed, assembled or converted as defined in California Penal Code Section 16531.

C. “Locked Container” means a secure container that is fully enclosed and locked by a padlock, keylock, combination lock, or similar locking device as defined in California Penal Code Section 16850 and that is listed on the California Department of Justice Bureau of Firearms roster of approved firearm safety devices.

The term “locked container” does not include the utility or glove compartment of a motor vehicle.

D. “Locking Device” means any trigger lock or other device that is designed to prevent a firearm from functioning and, when applied to the firearm, renders the firearm inoperable in accordance with the definition in California Penal Code Section 16860, and that is listed on the California Department of Justice's roster of approved firearms safety devices as appropriate for that firearm by reference to either the

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manufacturer and model of the firearm or to the physical characteristics of the firearm that match those listed on the roster for use with the device under Penal Code Section 23635.

E. “Peace Officer” means any person who comes within the provisions of Section 830 and following of the Penal Code and who otherwise meets all standards imposed by law on a peace officer.

F. “Residence” means any structure intended or used for human habitation including, but not limited to, accessory units, apartments, condominiums, hotels, houses, motels, recreational and other vehicles, rooms, single room occupancies, and time-shares. “Residence” also includes the curtilage of the residence.

10.56.0310 Possession unlawful.

A. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, no person shall have in his possession within this city and no person shall possess, fire or discharge or cause to be fired or discharged within the city, nor shall any parent, guardian or person having the care, custody or control of any minor permit such minor to have in his their possession within this city or to fire or discharge or cause to be fired or discharged within the city any firearm, except as provided in paragraph B of this section. cannon, fireworks, gun, pistol, revolver, anvil, firecracker or explosive of similar nature, rifle, air rifle, airgun, BB gun or pellet gun or any instrument of any kind, character or description which throws or projects bullets or missiles of any kind to any distance by means of elastic force, air or any explosive substance, all referred to in this section as "firearms." B. 10.56.020 Exceptions. Paragraph A of Section 10.56.030 The provisions of Section 10.56.010 as to the use of any firearms mentioned therein shall not apply to the following cases possession or use of firearms:

A. 1. To possession or use of police peace officers or persons in military service in the discharge of their duties and using reasonable care;
B. 2. To possession or use by persons using firearms in necessary and lawful self defense; C. 3. To the possession of such firearms for keeping at the place of residence or business of the person otherwise in lawful possession thereof or while traveling to or from a legal firing, shooting or target range or hunting ground;
D. 4. To the possession or discharging or firing of such firearms or causing them to be discharged or fired at a legal firing, shooting or target range or hunting ground; E. 5. To the possession or discharging or firing of fireworks after permit therefor has been issued by the fire chief as provided by law;
F. 6. To the possession or use of a gun firing .22 caliber shot-cartridge only, upon a written permit applied for and granted by the chief of police to protect life or property against animals, birds or rodents.

10.56.040 Duty to report theft or loss of firearms.

Any person who owns or possesses a firearm shall report the theft or loss of the firearm to the Petaluma police department within forty-eight hours of the time the person suspected or knew that the firearm had been stolen or lost, if:

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1. the person who owns or possessed the stolen or lost firearm resides in the city; or

2. the theft or loss of the firearm occurred in the city.

10.56.050 Safe storage of firearms and firearm precursors in residences required.

A. Prohibition. No person shall keep a firearm or firearm precursor part within a residence unless the firearm or firearm precursor part is stored in a locked container or disabled with a locking device. The firearm must be stored or disabled in a manner that a reasonable person would believe renders it inaccessible to unauthorized users. It is a violation of this prohibition if the key, or mechanism or code to unlock or disable the locked container or locking device is disclosed to, or kept in a location accessible to, unauthorized users.

B. Exceptions. paragraph A of this Section shall not apply to a firearm:

1. That it is carried on the person of, or is otherwise in the immediate control and possession of, a person in accordance with applicable local, state, and/or federal laws; or

2. That is carried on the person of, or is otherwise in the immediate control and possession of, a peace officer; or

3. To a person who reports the loss or theft of a firearm that person owns or possessed to the Petaluma Police Department within forty-eight hours from the time the persons suspected or knew that the firearm had been lost or stolen.

10.56.030050 Violation-Penalty and Enforcement.

Any violation of this chapter shall be a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof, shall be punishable by a fine of not less than seventy-five dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period not exceeding six months, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

Violation of any requirement of this chapter may, in the sole discretion of the city and city enforcement officials acting on behalf of the city, be enforced administratively, or by civil or criminal enforcement action, and shall be subject to the penalties specified in chapters 1.10 through 1.16 of the Petaluma Municipal Code, and any other applicable laws or regulations. .

Section 4. Severability. If any part of this ordinance is for any reason held to be unconstitutional, unlawful, or otherwise invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, such decision will not affect the validity of the remaining parts of this ordinance. The City Council of the City of Petaluma hereby declares that it would have passed and adopted this ordinance and each of its provisions irrespective of any part being held invalid.

Section 5. Effective Date. This ordinance shall become effective thirty (30) days after the date of its adoption by the City Council in accordance with Article XII, Section 76A of the Petaluma Charter.

Section 6. Posting/Publishing of Notice. The City Clerk is hereby directed to post and/or publish this ordinance or a synopsis of it for the period and in the manner required by the City Charter. The City Clerk is also hereby directed to file a Notice of Exemption concerning this ordinance with the Office of the Sonoma County Clerk in accordance with Section 15062 of the CEQA Guidelines.

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INTRODUCED and ordered published and posted this 19th day of December, 2022.

ADOPTED this DD day of Month YYYY by the following vote:

Ayes:

Noes:

Abstain:

Absent:

Teresa Barrett, Mayor
ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM:

Kendall Rose, CMC, City Clerk Eric Danly, City Attorney

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Packet Pg. 597 Attachment: Petaluma Municipal Code 10.56 (4032 : Discussion and Direction Regarding a Safe Gun Storage Ordinance) 4/19/23, 1:42 PM Chapter 9.18 SAFE FIREARM STORAGE
https://www.codepublishing.com/CA/StHelena/#!/StHelena09/StHelena0918.html#9.18 1/2 Chapter 9.18

SAFE FIREARM STORAGE
Sections:

9.18.010 Definitions.

9.18.020 Prohibitions.

9.18.030 Exceptions.

9.18.040 Penalty.

9.18.010 Definitions.

A. “Firearm” means a firearm as defined in California Penal Code Section 16520, as amended from time to time.

B. “Locked container” means a locked container as defined in California Penal Code Section 16850, as amended from time to time, and is listed on the California Department of Justice Bureau of Firearms roster of approved firearm safety devices.

C. “Residence” means any structure intended or used for human habitation, including but not limited to houses, apartments, condominiums, rooms, in-law units, accessory dwelling units, motels, hotels, single-room occupancy units (SROs), time-shares, mobile homes, and recreational and other vehicles where human habitation occurs.

D. “Trigger lock” means a trigger lock that is listed on the California Department of Justice’s roster of approved firearms safety devices and that is identified as appropriate for that firearm by reference to either the manufacturer and model of the firearm or to the physical characteristics of the firearm that match those listed on the roster for use with the device under California Penal Code Section 23635. (Ord. 22-6 § 2)

9.18.020 Prohibitions.

No person shall keep a firearm within any residence unless the firearm is stored in a locked container or disabled with a trigger lock. (Ord. 22-6 § 2)

9.18.030 Exceptions.

A. The requirements of Section 9.18.020 do not apply when a firearm is carried on the person of, or is otherwise in the immediate control and possession of, an individual in accordance with applicable

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Packet Pg. 598 Attachment: St Helena Municipal Code 9.18 SAFE FIREARM STORAGE (4032 : Discussion and Direction Regarding a Safe Gun Storage 4/19/23, 1:42 PM Chapter 9.18 SAFE FIREARM STORAGE
https://www.codepublishing.com/CA/StHelena/#!/StHelena09/StHelena0918.html#9.18 2/2 local, state, and/or federal laws.

B. This chapter does not apply when a firearm is carried on the person of, or is otherwise in the immediate control and possession of, a peace officer (as defined in California Penal Code Section 830 et seq., as may be amended from time to time).

C. It is not the intention of this chapter to regulate any conduct if the regulation of such conduct has been preempted by state or federal law. (Ord. 22-6 § 2)

9.18.040 Penalty.

Every violation of this chapter shall constitute an infraction and shall be punished in accordance with Section 1.20.010. (Ord. 22-6 § 2)
The St. Helena Municipal Code is current through Ordinance 23-1, passed January 10, 2023.

Disclaimer: The City Clerk’s office has the official version of the St. Helena Municipal Code. Users should contact the City Clerk’s office for ordinances passed subsequent to the ordinance cited above.

City Website: https://www.cityofsthelena.org
City Telephone: (707) 968-2640
Code Publishing Company

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CITY OF HEALDSBURG

CITY COUNCIL FUTURE AGENDA ITEMS
(NOTE: The schedule is tentative and subject to change pending final publication and posting of the City Council meeting agenda) May 15, 2023 Pride in Public Service Award Recognition
Jewish American Heritage Month Proclamation
Professional Services Agreement for Design Services for Healdsburg Avenue Healdsburg Avenue Apartments – Affordable Housing Agreement SB1 List of Street Improvement Projects
Foley Family Community Pavilion Agreements with Hotel Duchamp Reject all bids for the Fire Hydrant Replacements Project Professional Services Agreement with St. Paul’s Episcopal Church for the Healdsburg Shower Ministry Fitch Mountain Public Access Improvement Project Amendment for Re-scoping Healdsburg Avenue Decorative Bridge Lighting Policy
Quarter Three Financial Update
2023 Special Event Calendar and Requests
June 5, 2023 Elder Abuse Awareness Month Proclamation
Fire Services Contract Approval
Misc. Land Use Code Amendments 1st reading
Consideration of Electric Rate Increases for Fiscal Years 2024, 2025, 2026, & 2027 Sidewalk Safety Program Presentation
Animal Grazing Humane Treatment Policy
Discussion of Future SMART Train Station Location in Healdsburg Public Art Grant Awards
June 20, 2023 Landscaping and Lighting Assessment District

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(Tuesday) Misc. Land Use Code Amendments 2nd reading
Animal Control Contract Renewal
Fitch Mountain Public Access Improvements Bid Award, PSA Approval, and CIP Budget Amendment Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Plan Development Update Climate Mobilization Strategy Draft Actions
Professional Services Agreement with the Chamber of Commerce August 7, 2023
Amend Special Event Policy and Chapter 12.24 of Municipal Code August 21, 2023
Council Position on California Business Roundtable Ballot Initiative for 2024 September 5, 2023
(Tuesday) Review Draft Climate Mobilization Strategy
(NOTE: The schedule is tentative and subject to change pending final publication and posting of the City Council meeting agenda)

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Healdsburg City CouncilMay 1, 2023

Healdsburg City Council
May 1, 2023