Richmond City Council
May 27, 2025

May 27, 2025

Economic Development
Port Division

DATE: May 27, 2025
TO: Mayor Martinez and Members of the City Council
FROM:

Charles Gerard, Port Director

Subject:

First Contract Amendment with Haley and Aldrich, Inc.

FINANCIAL IMPACT: The proposed expenditure is included within the approved Fiscal Year (FY) 2024-2025 Port budget.

Account Strings: 40161080-400201; 40163080-400642-
36020

PREVIOUS COUNCIL
ACTION:

February 25, 2025

STATEMENT OF THE
ISSUE:

To continue advancing permitting and community
engagement efforts related to planned maintenance
dredging at key Port facilities, the Port of Richmond is requesting City Council approval of a first contract
amendment with Haley and Aldrich, Inc. in the amount of $25,200. The amendment will support additional work
identified during early project phases, including expedited chemistry analysis, preparation of a Montezuma
Wetlands disposal report, and coordination of community outreach meetings. A budget transfer within the Port
Fund is required to support this additional scope of work.

RECOMMENDED ACTION:

ADOPT a resolution approving a budget transfer within
the Port Fund to increase the Port’s budget for dredging projects by $25,200, and approving a first contract
amendment with Haley and Aldrich, Inc. in the amount of $25,200 for a revised total not-to-exceed contract amount of $279,300, to secure permits for required maintenance dredging at Terminal Two, the Point Potrero Marine
AGENDA
REPORT
510

May 27, 2025
Terminal Berths Seven and Eight, the Marina Bay Yacht
Harbor, and to conduct slope analysis at Terminal Two,
with a term ending June 30, 2026 - Economic
Development Department (Charles Gerard 510-620-
6792)

DISCUSSION:

Maintenance dredging is a core responsibility of the Port of Richmond to ensure safe and efficient marine operations. Over time, sediment naturally accumulates in berth areas, reducing navigable depth and limiting vessel access. To remain operational and competitive as a deep-water port, the Port must routinely dredge its facilities and maintain federally and locally required depth standards. This work supports economic activity at the Port and upholds maritime safety and environmental compliance.

To advance dredging efforts for 2025, the Port issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) in November 2024 through the City’s BidsOnline system. The RFP sought a qualified consultant to perform technical studies and obtain necessary permits for maintenance dredging at Terminal Two, the Point Potrero Marine Terminal Berths Seven and Eight, and, optionally, the Marina Bay Yacht Harbor entrance channel. The scope also included conducting a slope analysis at Terminal Two to assess and address structural concerns.

Following the City’s competitive selection process, Haley and Aldrich, Inc. was awarded the contract. On February 25, 2025, the City Council approved the contract agreement in the amount of $254,100 for permitting and technical services, with a contract term through June 30, 2026.

The Port now requests approval of a first amendment to the contract, increasing the contract amount by $25,200 to a revised total of $279,300. The additional funding will support expedited chemistry analysis required for sediment testing to make dredging permitting submittals in a timely manner for the 2025 dredging period, preparation of a separate Montezuma Wetlands report related to sediment disposal, and coordination of community outreach meetings, as requested by City Council.

To accommodate these needs, staff also recommend approval of a budget transfer from the Port Fund in the amount of $25,200. These additional tasks are essential to keeping the project on schedule and ensuring compliance with regulatory and public engagement requirements.

While earlier delays in contracting extended the initial project timeline, staff remains committed to completing all permitting in 2025. The Port continues to target the 2025 dredging window between July and November 2025, aligned with regulatory dredging periods.

511

May 27, 2025
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW:

As this is maintenance work, the project is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act.

SYNERGISTIC POLICIES:

This contract supports Strategic Goal Area 2: Revitalization of the Port. Haley and Aldrich, Inc., guidance with the permitting process will fulfill a requirement for keeping our deep-water port maintained, which is aligned with the City's long-term operational and maintenance strategies. The dredging permitting process and advancement will help ensure alignment with both federal and state regulatory compliance and economic development goals.

DOCUMENTS ATTACHED:

Attachment 1 – First Contract Amendment
Attachment 2 – Original Executed Contract
Attachment 3 – Resolution

512

DocID #34720v1

CITY OF RICHMOND

CONTRACT AMENDMENT

The parties to this Contract Amendment do mutually agree and promise as follows:

1. Parties. The parties to this Contract A mendment are the City of Richmond, a public body corporate and politic, and the following named Contractor:

Contractor Name:

Street Address:

City, State, Zip Code:

Contact Person:

Telephone: Email:

Business License No:

A California: corporation, limited liability corporation, general partnership, limited partnership, individual, non-profit corporation, individual dba as [specify:] _________________________________________ other [specify:] ___________________________________________________

2. Purpose. This Contract Amendment is being entered into t o amend the following Contract between City and Contractor (list terms in effect on the date of initial Contract approval):

City Council Approval Date/City
Manager Execution Date: ____________________________
Effective Date: ___________________; Termination Date: ____________________________ Payment Limit: ___________________.
[check box if applicable] The Contract was previously amended, as described in the amendment history attached to this Contract Amendment, and the terms and conditions of any amendments shall be deemed to be a part of the Contract.

3. Contract Provisions. The parties hereto agr ee to continue to abide by those terms and conditions of the Contract, including any amendments thereto, which are unaffected by this Contract Amendment, and which shall remain in full force and effect.

Department:

City Project Manager:

City Project Manager E-mail:

City Project Manager Phone No:

Vendor No:

Contract No:

Description of Services:

Amendment No. ___ modifies the (check all that apply):

Term Payment Limit Service Plan Complete the Amendment History page if this Amendment is the 2nd or subsequent amendment.

Economic Development/Port of Richmond
Lizeht Zepeda
[email protected]
5106206653
16948
7388
DREDGING PERMITTING SUPPORT AND SLOPE ANALYSIS AT TERMINAL 2 AND OTHER

PORT AREAS
1 Haley and Aldrich, Inc.
2033 North Main Street #309
Walnut Creek, CA, 94596
Scott Bodensteiner
415-748-2193
[email protected]
40067950
Delaware Corporation
February 2, 2025
February 18, 2025
June 30, 2026
$254,100
513
DocID #34720v1 Modified January 14, 2025

4. Amendment Provisions. This Contract Amendment is subject to the Amendment Provisions attached hereto, which are incorporated herein by reference, and which control over any conflicting provisions of the Contract.

5. Cit
y of Richmond Business License Active Status Maintained. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section

7.04.030, the Contractor must maintain its City of Richmond business license for this Contract Amendment to be deemed to be in effect.

6. Insur
ance Coverage Updated and Maintained. Pursuant to the Contract, th e Contractor shall provide the City with updated insurance certificates, and the Contractor shall maintain insurance coverage, for this Contract Amendment to be deemed to be in effect.

7. Author
ity; Counterparts; Signatures. Each of the signatories her eto represents and warrants that he or she has the authority to execute this Contract Amendment for the Party on whose behalf he or she is executing this Contract Amendment. This Contract Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. The Parties may rely on electronic or scanned signatures as originals. Delivery of an executed signature page of this Contract Amendment by electronic format (including pdf) shall be the same as delivery of an original executed signature page.

CIT

Y OF RICHMOND,
a municipal corp
oration
By: _______________________________
_
Tit
le: ______________________________
Dat
e Signed: ________________________
I he
reby certify that this Amendment has been
approved by the City Council or executed by the
City Manager.

By: ________________
_______________
City Clerk
Appr
oved as to form:

By: _______________________________

City Attorney
[CONTRACTOR NAME]
(*If applicable, the Corporation Chairperson of the
Board, President, or Vice-President should sign
below.)
By: ____________________________________
Title: __________________________________
Date Signed: ____________________________
(*If applicable, the Corporation Chief Financial Officer or Assistant Treasurer, or Secretary or Assistant
Secretary should sign below.)
By: ___________________________________
Title: __________________________________
*(NOTE: Pursuant to California Corporations
Code Section 313, if Contractor is a corporation or
nonprofit organization, this Contract (1) should be
signed by the Chairperson of the Board, President
or Vice-President and the Chief Financial Officer
or Assistant Treasurer, or Secretary or Assistant
Secretary; (2) should have both signatures
conform to designated representative groups
pursuant to Corporations Code Section 313.)
Haley and Aldrich, Inc.
514
DocID #34720v1 Modified January 14, 2025

AMENDMENT PROVISIONS (AMENDMENT HISTORY)
If no prior amendments, skip to next page.

The first Contract Amendment was approved by City Council or executed by the City Manager on ______________________ for one or more of the following provisions (check those that apply):

Increased contract payment limit by $_________________ for a payment limit not t o exceed $ _________________
Term Amendment (insert new termination date): ________________________ Service Plan
The second Contract Amendment was approved by
City Council or executed by the City Manager on
_________________________ for one or more of the following provisions (check those that apply):

Increased contract payment limit by $_________________ for a payment limit not t o exceed $ _________________
Term Amendment (insert new termination date): ________________________ Service Plan
The third Contract Amendment was approved
by City Council or executed by the City Manager on
_______________________ for one or more of the following provisions (check those that apply):

Increased contract payment limit by $_________________ for a payment limit not t o exceed $ _________________
Term Amendment (insert new termination date): ________________________ Service Plan
The fourth Contract Amendment was approved
by City Council or executed by the City Manager on
________________________ for one or more of the following provisions (check those that apply):

Increased contract payment limit by $_________________ for a payment limit not t o exceed $ _________________
Term Amendment (insert new termination date): ________________________ Service Plan
The fifth Contract Amendment was approved by Cit
y Council or executed by the City Manager on
________________________ for one or more of the following provisions (check those that apply):

Increased contract payment limit by $_________________ for a payment limit not to ex ceed $ _________________
Term Amendment (insert new termination date): ________________________ Service Plan
The sixth Contract Amendment was approved b
y City Council or executed by the City Manager on
_______________________ for one or more of the following provisions (check those that apply):

Increased contract payment limit by $_________________ for a payment limit not t o exceed $ _________________
Term Amendment (insert new termination date): ________________________ Service Plan
515
DocID #34720v1 Modified January 14, 2025

AMENDMENT PROVISIONS (TERM, PAYMENT LIMIT AND/OR SERVICE PLAN) Check all that apply:

TERM

PAYMENT
LIMIT

SERVICE
PLAN
Paragraph 2 (Term) of the Contract is hereby amended to extend the Contract term. Paragraph 2 of the Contract is amended to read as follows:
"2. Term. The effective date of this Contract is
________________________________________________________ (Insert Contract Effective Date)
and it terminates
________________________________________________________. (Insert new Contract termination date)
unless sooner terminated as provided herein."
Paragraph 3 (Payment Limit) of the Contract is hereby amended to increase the payment limit by $__________________. Paragraph 3 of the Contract is amended to read as follows:
"3. Payment Limit. City's total payments to Contractor under this Contract shall not exceed $_____________________ including expenses."
“The City shall not pay for services that exceed the Contract Payment Limit without the prior written approval of the City Council or executed by the City Manager if the total Contract amount does not exceed $10,000 or without the prior approval of the City Council if the total Contract amount is over $10,000.” The Service Plan (Exhibit A) of the Contract is hereby amended to include the following tasks and/or services:
(Insert description of additional tasks/services. Use additional pages if necessary.) ■
25200
279300
■
The amended scope of work includes coordination of a community outreach meetings, a surcharge for expedited chemistry analysis, and preparation of a separate Montezuma Wetlands report.
516

CITY OF RICHMOND

STANDARD CONTRACT
Department: City Project Manager:

City Project Manager E-mail: City Project Manager Phone No:

Vendor No: Contract No:

Description of Services:

The parties to this STANDARD CONTRACT do mutually agree and promise as follows:

1. Parties. The parties to this Contract are the City of Richmond, a municipal corporation (“the City”), and the following named Contractor:

Contractor Name:

Street Address:

City, State, Zip Code:

Contact Person:

Telephone: Email:

Business License No:
☐ A California corporation, ☐ limited liability corporation ☐ general partnership, ☐ limited partnership, ☐ individual, ☐ non-profit corporation, ☐ individual dba as [specify:] ____________________ ☐ other [specify:] _______________________________

2. Term. The effective date of this Contract is _______________________ and terminates _________________ unless terminated earlier as set forth herein.

3. Payment Limit. City’s total payments to Contractor under this Contract shall not exceed $______________ (“Contract Payment Limit”) unless a Contract Amendment has been approved by the City Council or City Manager. If this amount includes a contingency, Contractor acknowledges that any use of such contingency shall be for work beyond the original scope of services and requires prior written authorization by the City. If noted below, Compensation for work done under this Contract, shall not exceed as follows:

FY _________ total compensation shall not exceed $_________________ FY _________ total compensation shall not exceed $_________________ FY _________ total compensation shall not exceed $_________________

4. Contractor’s Obligations. Contractor agrees to perform all work at its own cost and expense, to furnish all labor, tools, equipment, materials, except as otherwise specified, in accordance with the Service Plan set forth in Exhibit A, attached hereto and incorporated herein.

5. City Obligations. City shall make payments to the Contractor in accordance with the Payment Provisions set forth in Exhibit B, attached hereto and incorporated herein.

Economic Development/Port of Richmond
Lizeht Zepeda
[email protected]
510-620-6653
16948
7388
DREDGING PERMITTING SUPPORT AND SLOPE ANALYSIS AT TERMINAL 2 AND OTHER

PORT AREAS
Haley and Aldrich, Inc.
2033 North Main Street #309
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Scott Bodensteiner
415-748-2193
[email protected]
40067950
Delaware Corporation
February 18, 2025
June 30, 2026
254100
24-25
254100
PRINT

CLEAR FORM
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909517

6. Authorized Representatives and Notices. This Contract is subject to the Authorized Representatives and Notices Provisions (Exhibit C), attached hereto and incorporated herein.

7. General Conditions. This Contract is subject to the General Conditions (Exhibit D), which are attached hereto and incorporated herein.

8. Special Conditions. This Contract is subject to the Special Conditions (Exhibit E) (if any), which are attached hereto and incorporated herein.

9. Insurance Provisions. This Contract is subject to the Insurance Provisions (Exhibit F), which are attached hereto and incorporated herein.

10. Sanctuary City Compliance Statement. This Contract is subject to the Sanctuary City Compliance Statement (Exhibit G), which is attached hereto and incorporated herein.

11. Signatures. These signatures attest the parties' agreement hereto:

CITY OF RICHMOND,
a municipal corporation [BUSINESS NAME]
(* The Corporation Chairperson of the Board, President, or Vice President should sign below)
By: _________________________ By: ___________________________ Title: ________________________ Title: __________________________ Date Signed: _________________ Date Signed: ___________________ I hereby certify that this Contract (* The Corporation Chief Financial Officer or Assistant has been approved by City Council Treasurer, or Secretary or Assistant Secretary should or the City Manager. sign below)
By: _________________________ By: ___________________________ City Clerk Title: __________________________
Date Signed: ____________________
Approved as to form:
(NOTE: Pursuant to California Corporations Code Section By: _________________________ 313, if Contractor is a corporation or nonprofit organization, City Attorney this Contract (1) must be signed by (a) the Chairperson of the Board, President, or Vice-President and (b) the
Chief Financial Officer or Assistant Treasurer, or
Secretary or Assistant Secretary)
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS:

Service Plan Exhibit A
Payment Provisions Exhibit B
Authorized Representatives and Notices Exhibit C
General Conditions Exhibit D
Special Conditions Exhibit E
Insurance Provisions Exhibit F
Sanctuary City Compliance Statement Exhibit G
Haley and Aldrich, Inc.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 Sr. Legal Counsel
4/7/2025
4/14/2025
Vice President
Mayor
4/21/2025
518
Contract No: ________ For the Contract between the City of Richmond and
_____________________________

EXHIBIT A

SERVICE PLAN
Contractor shall, to the satisfaction of the Project Manager ( set forth in Exhibit B) , perform the following services and be compensated as outlined below [or attach service plan if necessary]:

Haley and Aldrich, Inc.
7388
- See full scope of work details of H&D work attached following pages(11 pages).

Permitting for Dredging and Terminal 2 Slope Analysis work which includes:

Complete technical studies necessary to acquire permits to perform maintenance dredging at Terminal 2, the Point Potrero Marine Terminal (PPMT) Berths Terminals 7 and 8 as well as provide support for permitting dredging of the entrance channel to the Marina Bay Yacht Harbor (MBYH) consistent with the Haley and Aldrich H&D) December 16, 2024 proposal.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 519
December 16, 2024
Subject: Permitting for Dredging and Terminal 2 Slope Analysis Dear Director Gerard and Port of Richmond staff:

Haley & Aldrich is a geotechnical engineering and environmental consulting services firm specializing in marine construction projects. In this proposal, we outline our understanding and approach to characterizing sediments and obtaining episode approvals under existing permits as needed for the Port of Richmond (Port) to complete maintenance dredging at Terminals 2, 7, and 8 and the Marina Bay Yacht Harbor (MBYH) in 2025. We will obtain amendments to add MBYH to the existing permits, and we are also ready to prepare the Dredged Material Management Office (DMMO) permit application for any dredging beyond the 2027 expiration of the current permits. We have also reviewed the geotechnical report from the RFP and have developed initial recommendations for advancing 10% design plans for improving slope stability at Terminal 2. Among our competitors, Haley & Aldrich stands alone with decades of marine geotechnical engineering experience coupled with local, Bay Area sediment quality scientists all under one roof.

Strategic sampling and analysis techniques and approach that could significantly reduce construction costs We understand that the 2020 Terminal 2 sediment characterization study did not include sampling and analysis techniques that could have delineated the reported DDT pesticide contamination. Consequently, the Port was forced to accept the DMMO’s decision to use the most expensive dredged material management option for all Terminal 2 sediments. This could be avoided by using high-resolution sampling methods where contamination is expected—an approach we have used on several of over 150 Sampling and Analysis Plans (SAPs) we have prepared for San Francisco Bay dredging projects, including recent projects at the other three seaports in the Bay. In cases where contamination has been observed, these techniques allowed us to isolate the area(s) exhibiting elevated contaminants and minimize the sediment volume requiring a more costly disposal option. Using previous Port Sediment Characterization Reports (SCRs) and the vast amount of DDT data we gathered and summarized for sediment testing done throughout Richmond Harbor (on behalf of Levin-Richmond Terminal), we will develop a strategic SAP allowing us to delineate any DDT contamination that may be observed in the Port sediment samples to be collected in 2025, which will potentially save the Port hundreds of thousands of dollars .

Bay Area sediment quality scientists, permitting specialists, and marine engineers under one local roof For over 20 years, our local permit specialists and sediment experts have overseen planning, permitting, and approval of dredging projects at maritime facilities throughout San Francisco Bay, including completion of projects for the International Matex Tank Terminals (IMTT) upstream from Terminal 2, the Port of San Francisco, the Port of Redwood City, and the Port of Oakland. This group, together with our trusted driller and laboratory subcontractors, forms a one-stop shop for acquiring maintenance dredging permits and efficiently conducting the sediment characterization studies required for episode approval under those permits.

Decades of subsurface engineering experience on marine construction projects Haley & Aldrich’s team of geotechnical engineers are well qualified to interpret and synthesize the data from the geotechnical reports included with the RFP. We have fully designed slope stabilization projects for a multitude of other ports and federal navigation projects and are confident we can provide the recommendations necessary for achieving your targeted 10% level of design for improving slope stability at Terminal 2.

Based on our qualifications and approach described in this proposal, our track record for effective collaboration, and our understanding of relevant regulations and regulator expectations, we will become your trusted partner—a team the Port of Richmond staff can rely on to meet your dredging project objectives, budget, and schedule ; to improve the Port; to maintain safe, navigable berths; and to positively impact Richmond’s economy. Following your review of our proposal, we welcome any opportunity to further discuss the advantages our team offers, and please do not hesitate to contact Scott Bodensteiner at (415) 748-2193 if you require any further information.

Sincerely yours,
HALEY & ALDRICH, INC.

Scott Bodensteiner, M.S.

Project Manager
Douglas D. Lindquist, P.E., G.E., LEED AP
Principal Geotechnical Engineer
HALEY & ALDRICH, INC.
2033 N. Main Street, Suite 309
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
925.949.1012
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 520
B. UNDERSTANDING
The Haley & Aldrich team offers several advantages to expeditiously obtain all necessary approvals for the Port’s 2025 maintenance dredging episode, allowing you to successfully dredge Terminals 2, 3, and 8 and the MBYH entrance channel.

Our team of geotechnical engineers, permit specialists, sediment chemists, and sediment toxicologists has decades of experience supporting seaport dredging projects in Richmond Harbor and throughout San Francisco Bay. Under the leadership of Project Manager and Sediment Toxicologist Scott Bodensteiner, our expert team is regularly relied on by port facilities to resolve challenging dredging issues, such as side-slope integrity and sediment contamination, under condensed schedules and limited budgets while meeting regulatory expectations and compliance requirements. These and other qualifications outlined below will allow us to quickly and easily complete the objectives outlined in your RFP:
» Unlike our competitors, we rely on local sediment scientists who understand the unique regulatory environment of San Francisco Bay. Scott’s experience and our team’s overall commitment and expertise within the arena of seaport navigation allows us to provide several qualifications that will uniquely benefit the expeditious completion of the objectives specified in the RFP: A project manager and sediment toxicologist who has not only been managing maintenance dredging support projects in the Bay for 26 years, but has also been the Bay Planning Coalition’s Co-Chair of their Dredging and Beneficial Reuse Committee for the past eight years and brings a big-picture understanding of issues affecting the Bay and its seaports.
» Dredging project experience with other terminals on Richmond Inner Harbor and throughout the Bay Area using all local staff, which will allow us to anticipate site-specific issues we may encounter. » Award-winning waterfront geotechnical engineers—including the co-author of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) design standard 61-14 Seismic Design of Piers and Wharves—known for their abilities to communicate to both lay and technical audiences.
» Familiarity with recent regulatory developments that allow for expedited permit acquisition and dredging at lower cost. » In-depth understanding of historical sediment contamination in Richmond Inner Harbor from reviewing the U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Feasibility Study for a DDT cleanup plan on behalf of a potentially responsible party.
» Practiced at developing and executing phased, strategic approaches to sediment characterization that can minimize the volume of potentially contaminated sediments in need of more expensive disposal options. » Sediment scientists who made significant contributions to the U.S. EPA’s sediment testing guidelines .

Sediment Characterization. We understand that the Port wants to obtain a 2025 maintenance dredging episode approval via the sediment characterization process for Terminals 2, 7, and 8, and if permittable, the MYBH entrance channel. We have also reviewed report data from the 2020 sediment characterization study performed by Anchor’s San Diego staff. Our understanding is that it was conducted without the high-resolution sampling strategy our local team would have proposed for a San Francisco Bay dredging area with potential contaminant issues. Due to the observation of elevated DDT contamination, this shortcoming prevented the Port from isolating the contamination and minimizing the costly option of beneficially reusing the sediments for wetlands foundation compared to the lower-cost options of in-Bay disposal or beneficial reuse as wetland cover. Our team has the technical understanding to implement a sampling and testing approach that will be acceptable to the regulatory agencies and allow for delineation of any sediment contamination encountered.

Based on our synthesis of Richmond Inner Harbor’s historical DDT data (on behalf of the Levin Richmond Terminal for their response to the U.S. EPA’s DDT cleanup Feasibility Study) and our data generated from previous Port investigations, we have a solid understanding of the lateral and vertical extent of DDT contamination in and around all of the Port’s terminals, including the MBYH entrance channel.

Permit Amendment and/or Acquistion. The Port’s existing maintenance dredging permits for Terminals 2, 3, 7, and 8 do not expire until 2027. However, in response to the item (4) of the RFP scope of services, we are prepared to amend the permits to include the MBYH, and/or prepare the DMMO permit application for acquiring new permits for dredging beyond 2027. Through our involvement with the Bay Planning Coalition and recent permitting efforts for the Port of Redwood City [Haley & Aldrich staff] have an excellent understanding of the regulatory process and excellent working relationships with owners and agencies that result in a collaborative process. They are responsive to our needs and helped us accomplish our project objective: Start our dredging project as soon as the window opens.” – Imee Osantowski, Principal Engineer, Port of Oakland
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 521

and the City of San Rafael (2023 and 2024), we are very familiar with the new maintenance dredging permit application requirements that will help expedite the permit acquisition process so that the Port can dredge where necessary before the 2025 environmental work window closes. Chief among the new requirements is the Regional Water Quality Control Board’s (RWQCB’s) Pre-Filing Meeting Request, which now must be submitted after completion and approval of an Integrated Alternatives Analysis but before submitting the DMMO consolidated dredging permit application. Since the Bay Conservation and Development Commission (BCDC) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) cannot issue permits until after the RWQCB completes their Water Quality Certification, sequencing these steps is critical to obtaining all maintenance dredging permits in a timely manner.

Slope Stability Recommendations. The Port is looking for a firm that has the experience and expertise to provide recommendations for improving the slope stability at Terminal 2 to the 10% level of design. Haley & Aldrich is that firm. Our team of waterfront engineers have worked on over 50 dredging projects requiring slope stability assessment for dozens of ports, the U.S. Navy, and other maritime facilities with deep draft navigation access . This includes three projects with toe walls installed and another two in design. Our toe wall designs have been published with Western Dredging Association and PORTS conferences.

C. SCOPE OF SERVICES
Based on our understanding of the Port’s objectives and our experience achieving similar objectives for ports and harbors throughout San Francisco Bay, we are confident this scope of services will result in the prompt regulatory approval of a 2025 dredging episode that can be completed well before the end of the 2025 environmental work window and give the Port an optimal number of sediment disposal options. In addition to the technical approaches for each task described below, our project management approach will include regular status meetings between the Port and our key personnel to evaluate progress and assess availability of resources necessary to complete each milestone. With dependence on regulator feedback for completing several project tasks, we will also incorporate regular outreach to agency representatives until actionable feedback or approval has been provided.

Authorization of San Francisco Bay maintenance dredging projects requires the completion of two separate processes:

1. Acquiring maintenance dredging permits from USACE and BCDC and a Water Quality Certification from the RWQCB by completing and submitting the DMMO’s consolidated dredging and disposal application for multi-year permits. RFP Tasks 3 and 4 address this process, including amending existing permits.

2. As a condition of all three agency permits/certifications, individual dredging episodes must be approved through the characterization of sediment quality within the areas proposed for dredging. RFP Tasks 1 and 2 address this process.

TASK 1. SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN
The primary element of an episode approval is the sediment quality characterization. With DMMO credibility built on experience implementing over 150 SAPs for dredging projects throughout the Bay, we will prepare the Port’s SAP to address the specific contaminant challenges facing the 2025 dredging project. With the understanding that elevated concentrations of DDT will likely be present in the sediments within the dredge prism, we will use the Richmond Inner Harbor DDT database we developed for the Levin Richmond Terminal and previous Port sediment studies to develop a sampling plan designed to isolate DDT contamination.

Per the prevailing sediment guidelines, dredge units representing Terminals 2, 7, and 8 will be mapped along with one representing the MBYH entrance channel so that the Port will have the option to dredge there once it is permitted. T he SAP will call for compositing of samples from within each dredge unit for chemical and biological analysis, but subsamples will be taken and archived from the top and bottom segments of each individual sediment core sample. This will give the Port the option to conduct high-resolution analysis if DDT or other contaminants are detected at elevated concentrations in any of the dredge unit composite samples. This approach has minimized the volume of sediment determined to be too contaminated for lower cost disposal options for the Port of Oakland and other maritime facilities, saving them hundreds of thousands of dollars in dredging and disposal costs. Once the Port has reviewed the SAP, our project manager will present it to the DMMO for approval.

TASK 2. SEDIMENT SAMPLING & ANALYSIS AND SEDIMENT CHARACTERIZATION REPORT Sample Collection and Analysis. Under the oversight of Haley & Aldrich’s field manager, skilled field technicians will collect sediment samples. In accordance with the SAP, the following steps will be taken:
» Each sample location will be pre-plotted and entered into the vessel operators GPS system. » Once the vessel reaches each sample location, anchors will be used to maintain positioning.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 522

» An electric vibracore will then be deployed and submersed to the permitted dredge depth plus a two-foot overdepth and z-layer depth (the z-layer represents the post-dredge sediment surface). » The vibracore will be retrieved and the sediment core will be removed onto a clean tray and assessed for sensory observations by a Haley & Aldrich sediment scientist.
» The sediment core will be divided into top and bottom segments at a depth pre-determined with the Port. » Subsamples from the top and bottom segments will be isolated and archived, and the remainder of the core will be homogenized and then composited with the other core homogenates from that dredge unit. » Dredge unit composites will then be split and shipped separately to the chemi stry and biological laboratories (the archived subsamples will be shipped for archiving to the chemistry laboratory). » All dredge unit composite samples will be analyzed for chemical constituents and biological parameters necessary for in- Bay aquatic disposal site, ocean disposal, and beneficial reuse as cover and non-cover at one of the two habitat restoration projects permitted to receive dredged material. » Biological and chemical analyses will be performed by Pacific EcoRisk and Eurofins Calscience, respectively. Both labs are nationally accredited and staffed with technicians familiar with handling measures for minimizing confounding factors that lead to inaccurate results.

Contaminant Delineation and Episode Approval. If we detect DDT or other contaminants in any of the dredge unit composites at concentrations that exceed the criteria for lower-cost disposal options, we will also analyze the top and bottom segments from each location within that dredge unit. Results of this high-resolution analysis will be used to delineate the lateral and vertical extent of the contamination, allowing us to identify the lowest-cost combination of sediment disposal options. Our scientists will compare all chemical and biological data to appropriate reference databases.

All data will undergo quality control review, then be tabulated and evaluated in a SCR. Our project manager will then present the SCR to the DMMO requesting approval for specific disposal option(s).

TASKS 3 AND 4. PERMITTING SUPPORT
MBYH Permitting for 2025. Haley & Aldrich can easily add the MBYH to the existing USACE and BCDC permits by submitting permit amendment requests to the agencies’ respective permit managers whom we regularly work with. Although the RWQCB does not allow for Water Quality Certification (WQC) amendments under their new guidelines, they have developed a process that allows for “modification” to the WQC. The Haley & Aldrich project manager will work with our GIS team and the Port to prepare the amendment and modification requests, and then regularly engage each of the permit managers until the process is complete. Based on our previous experience, we anticipate it would take three to four months to add the MBYH to the two permits and the WQC, and should be completed by the end of May 2025.

Episode Approval. The sediment quality results generated under Task 2 will be used to obtain disposal and beneficial reuse suitability determinations from the DMMO as part of the maintenance dredging episode approvals under the existing permits for Terminals 2, 7, and 8. The MBYH sediment quality results will also be used for episode approval if the Port wishes to incorporate it into the existing permits by amendment or permit it independently. The second step of the episode approval process is preparation and DMMO authorization of the Dredging Operations Plan (DOP). The dredging contractor typically prepares the DOP, but Haley & Aldrich can prepare this document if necessary. Under the assumption that the Port’s contractor acquisition process will be approximately two months , we anticipate episode approval by mid-September.

New Permit Acquisition. The Haley & Aldrich team will also be ready to prepare and submit the DMMO’s Consolidated Dredging and Disposal Permit Application to acquire new permits for the Port to continue maintenance dredging at all four terminals and the MBYH beyond the 2027 expiration of the existing permits. This process involves the following steps:
» A project description will be developed primarily from previous permits and will include the target dredge depths and side slopes, which may require updating after the slope improvement design is complete. » Our CAD analysts will create plan view drawings by plotting the most recent bathymetric data onto a base map using GIS data interpolation methods specifically designed for the creation of hydrologically correct digital elevation models (DEMs), and cross-section drawings will subsequently be created as well. » The DMMO application will include the Port’s preferred disposal and beneficial reuse options, which will be informed by the preparation of an Integrated Alternatives Analysis (IAA) as required by the long-term management strategy (LTMS). » Relying on our understanding of the expectations and preferences of the regulators, we will prepare a comprehensive IAA that adheres to the LTMS Management Plan goals while honoring the Port’s fiscal obligations. Unit pricing will be developed for each dredged material management options based on our in-depth understanding of pricing established since the recent inflation spike by the five to six contractors operating in San Francisco Bay.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 523

» Our team is sensitive to the regulatory staffing challenges often slowing the process and will use proven measures to closely correspond with assigned permit managers to ensure timely approvals.

ADDITIONAL TASK: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING SLOPE STABILITY AT TERMINAL 2 We have reviewed the Terminal 2 slope stability memorandum attached to the RFP. While there are some deficiencies in the memorandum (e.g., no slope stability cross sections presented, possibly using the incorrect seismic hazard level, no mention of soil liquefaction and its effects, and inability to calculate an acceptable seismic factor of safety), we can and will use the soil exploration data to provide a recommendation to improve slope stability to support the project to the “10% level of design” as specified in the RFP.

Slope stability is always a concern for routinely maintained waterfront facilities and dredging projects. The approach we recommend for improving slope stability at Terminal 2 would involve three steps. Step 1 will be to work with the authority having jurisdiction to identify the appropriate performance criteria (e.g., factor of safety and/or slope movement) and design seismic hazard level. The analysis included in the RFP used a 2,475 -year return period seismic hazard level that may be larger than necessary. For example, design following the International Building Code and ASCE 7 use the “Design Earthquake” that is defined as 2/3 of the 2,475-year return period hazard. Step 2 will be to collect and evaluate all subsurface exploration logs available to us to inform ourselves of the subsurface conditions and assess data gaps. Any data gaps will be filled by new explorations as part of a later design phase. Step 3 will be to qualitatively evaluate methods to improve slope stability. These methods may include a strong toe wall at the base of the slope or ground improvement methods such as shear reinforcing piles in the slope intercepting the critical failure surface, upland deep soil mixing, upla nd jet grouting, and stone columns upland or in the slope. We will include recommendations for additional slope stability analysis that were left out of the 2020 investigation for the next phase of design.

D. SCHEDULE
Assumptions
» Notice to Proceed on
2/10/25
» *Dredge contractor
solicitation and award
approximately two
months after DMMO
approval of sediment
quality.
» New permit acquisition
for dredging beyond
2027 permit expiration
date is optional.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 524

E. KEY PERSONNEL

HALEY & ALDRICH PERSONNEL
SCOTT BODENSTEINER, M.S. | PROJECT MANAGER/SEDIMENT QUALITY LEAD 26 years’ experience Scott will be the Port’s main point of contact and accountable for all tasks outlined in the project scope. He has spent his entire 26-year career supporting dredging projects in San Francisco Bay and written and implemented over 150 SAPs for Bay Area ports and harbors, including all three of the other San Francisco Bay ports and recent projects within the Richmond Inner Harbor. His experience and understanding of new environmental policies have led to positive negotiations with key regulatory agencies to readily obtain permits, and when necessary, resolve issues associated with permit conditions, sediment contaminants, and preferred disposal/reuse option approvals. His expertise as an environmental toxicologist and skilled statistician has been instrumental for eliminating uncertainty related to beneficial use and aquatic disposal sites, enabling him to provide his clients clear-cut options for managing dredged material. Scott routinely works with design engineers to ensure dredge project plans meet the navigational needs of our clients while complying with design restrictions and environmental conditions of the dredge permit. Scott also led or assisted the Bay Planning Coalition with several initiatives aimed at developing or amending dredging policies to protect the environment without overburdening the proponents of shoreline development and maintenance efforts.

DARCY METZLER, M.A. | PROJECT COORDINATOR/PERMITTING SUPPORT 18 years’ experience Darcy will assist the team with coordinating task orders, subcontractor interactions, and invoice processing. Darcy offers expertise coordinating diverse project teams on complex sediment investigations, and ensuring permit and contract compliance including adherence with prevailing wage requirements. She will also prepare our health and safety plans prior to each sample collection effort. Her experience leading projects for a diversity of coastal infrastructure projects gives her a solid understanding of marine construction, sediment environmental impacts, coastal zone management, cultural resources, and spill response and analysis. By maintaining close relationships with client representatives and the project team, she strives to achieve client satisfaction with every project.

HELDER COSTA, M.S. | SENIOR SEDIMENT CHEMIST 39 years’ experience Helder is Haley & Aldrich’s national sediment practice leader, advising and overseeing the work of our entire sediment team. After realizing he grew up a stone’s throw from a marine Superfund site in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, Helder began his career as an environmental chemist specializing in contaminated sediments. His work has taken him on investigations of sediment quality in waterways across the United States, where he has seen just about everything his clients are likely to encounter. Though his work has involved both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, for the past decade he has worked almost exclusively in the San Francisco Bay. His Bay Area project experience with waterfront sediment sites requiring maintenance or remediation dredging has required in-depth interaction and collaboration with agencies that will be reviewing and approving the Port’s projects. Helder’s experience includes being part of the group of sediment specialists that developed the U.S. EPA and USACE testing guidance still used for all dredged material disposal assessments, which helped establish trust with regulatory agency representatives of the DMMO.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 525

JENNIFER GALVIN, P.G. | FIELD MANAGER 7 years’ experience Jen will lead all sediment sampling operations, help position the vessel, prepare a health and safety plan, and oversee vibracoring, sediment core depth calculations, core logging, and sample processing. She has a background in coastal and marine geology, including nearshore core sampling and interpretation in San Francisco Bay. Jen’s experience organizing and supervising large-scale field investigations and coordinating subcontractors, laboratories, and heavy equipment operators makes her an effective field manager. Jen is keenly familiar with sediment sample collection equipment and procedures, enabling her to ensure sample integrity from collection to delivery to the analytical laboratories.

VANESSA GODARD | PROJECT CHEMIST AND DATA MANAGER 10 years’ experience Vanessa will work with our other scientists and our labs to track, analyze, and compile sediment sample data that will stand up to DMMO scrutiny. Vanessa works diligently to identify potential analytical anomalies and strives for error -free data so we can confidently prepare and present our SCRs to the DMMO and help our clients make their case for their preferred disposal options. Critical to the Port’s dredging projects, Vanessa is familiar with the DMMO online database upload —a complex system designed to integrate dredging data from any consultant to the DMMO website with limited oversight on their end. She has knowledge of the systems’ very specific templates that must be populated with very particular fields.

Without a firm understanding of this process, project approvals can experience significant delays.

DOUG LINDQUIST, P.E., G.E., LEED AP | PRINCIPAL GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEER 27 years’ experience Doug is a leader and innovator in slope stability assessment using finite element and finite difference methods to calculate expected static and seismic displacements of waterfront structures. He has published papers on geotechnical design for waterfront facilities, and, for the past 12 years, he has been a member of the ASCE 61 code committee that authored the ASCE 61-14 standard Seismic Design of Piers and Wharves. He works closely with the U.S. Navy, ports, and other waterfront owners to optimize foundation and structural systems to improve safety and lower costs. At the North Bay Operations and Maintenance Facility at Mare Island in Vallejo, Doug designed pile foundations for a new gangway and dock floats, which required a seismic evaluation and soil explorations. By using an innovative testing approach for characterizing soils and recommending pile locations, he saved the facility significant cost compared to mobilizing a barge to take new soil borings.

He has also led dredging, pier extension, and berth deepening projects at the Port of Seattle and the Port of Tacoma. His projects have won awards for design excellence and ability to overcome difficult site conditions.

SUBCONSULTANTS
LEVIATHAN ENVIRONMENTAL | SAMPLING VESSEL OPERATOR 20 years’ experience Based in Pleasant Hill, California, Leviathan employs a vast array of vessels and sampling equipment. They will provide our team the means to efficiently collect sediment samples to the necessary depths throughout the Port’s dredge area.

EUROFINS CALSCIENCE | MARINE SEDIMENT TESTING AND ANALYTICAL SERVICES 20 years’ experience Specializing in analytical techniques that eliminate interferences associated with marine sediments, Eurofins Calscience has analyzed sediments for dredging investigations at nearly every California port, including the Port of Richmond.

PACIFIC ECORISK LABS | AQUATIC BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY TESTING AND RESEARCH 30 years’ experience Pacific EcoRisk has conducted biology and toxicology testing in the Bay Area for over 30 years. Their 41 scientists and lab assistants have forged a reputation for expertise in devising innovative solutions to complex environmental issues.

F. SIMILAR PROJECT EXPERIENCE
PORT OF REDWOOD CITY | Comprehensive Dredging Support Services To accommodate bulk cargo ships and recreational vessels, the Port of Redwood City has relied on Haley & Aldrich’s local staff for the past 10 years to obtain permits, conduct sediment quality studies, prepare plans and specs and provide construction management for maintenance dredging at their deep-draft wharves and municipal marina.

Strategic SAP preparation to contend with legacy industrial contamination Elevated concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the marina sediment samples could have compromised the entire project. However, because we prepared the SAP with a strategic sampling approach, we were able to precisely delineate both the vertical and lateral extent of impacted sediments. With careful statistical analysis and graphical data presentation in the SCR, we addressed specific criteria for dredged Services
Sampling and analysis plan
Sediment quality evaluation
Field sampling and analysis
DMMO dredging permit
application and acquisition
Plans and specifications
Contractor acquisition support
Construction management
Haley & Aldrich staff
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 526

material disposal and persuaded the DMMO to accept our contaminant delineation design.

Optimized Port’s sediment disposal and beneficial reuse options Our strategy minimized the dredge volume that would have needed more costly disposal considerations and provided a roadmap for future dredging. Additionally, we were able to obtain a DMMO in-Bay suitability determination for the Port’s entire footprint for the first time in over four dredging cycles.

Complex permit acquisition process and Integrated Alternatives Analysis preparation This project also required both an IAA and a Streambed Alteration Agreement (SAA) from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). The dredged material management strategy proposed in the IAA was prepared to minimize programmatic cost to the Port and was deemed acceptable the LTMS agencies. Negotiations with CDFW became necessary to demonstrate that many proposed SAA permit conditions were overly stringent and redundant. Based on our focused engagement with CDFW, permits were issued with minimal permit conditions, allowing the Port to proceed with an expedited schedule and avoid implementing additional costly conservation measures.

Scott Bodensteiner
Helder Costa
Darcy Metzler
Vanessa Godard
Subconsultants
Leviathan
Pacific EcoRisk
Eurofins Calscience

PORT OF OAKLAND | Sediment Quality Characterization
For the past nine years, the Port of Oakland has relied on Haley & Aldrich to obtain episode approval for annually dredging shoaled sediments from multiple shipping berths.

To ensure dredging operations comply with all regulations and conclude within the work window, several obstacles must be overcome. Hydrographic surveys must be scheduled around variable and frequent vessel traffic. Sampling sediments proposed for dredging requires penetrating consolidated clays and hard-packed sand to reach the permitted dredge depth of -50 feet MLLW plus a 2-foot over-dredge layer where the native hard- packed sediments typically reside. These sediment samples occasionally exhibit moderately elevated concentrations of legacy contaminants.

Quickly approved SAP documents
For each episode, we obtain a Tier I testing exemption for any recently evaluated berths, which significantly reduces the Port’s sampling and analysis costs. For the other berths, our sediment scientists prepare an SAP. Our decades of experience characterizing sediments in Oakland Harbor and our role assisting the EPA and the USACE with the development of testing guidelines allows us to anticipate and address DMMO concerns and objections, leading to quick approval with minimal delays.

Obtained DMMO approval for Port’s preferred disposal/beneficial reuse options Following SAP approval, our field team collects up to 30 sediment cores using a vibracore capable of penetrating consolidated clays at infrequently dredged berths and the hard- packed sand present at design depth for berths deepened to -50 feet. We then vertically delineate samples collected in potentially contaminated areas to give the Port an option to isolate any observed contaminants. In instances where samples exhibit elevated legacy contaminant levels, our sediment chemists and toxicologists have consistently shown the DMMO that these contaminant levels are not expected to cause significant environmental impacts. This has allowed the multiagency organization to approve the Port’s preferred disposal or beneficial reuse options in a timely manner.

Services
Sampling and analysis plan
Sediment quality evaluation
Field sampling and analysis
Hydrographic surveys
Haley & Aldrich staff
Scott Bodensteiner
Helder Costa
Darcy Metzler
Jennifer Galvin
Vanessa Godard
Subconsultants
Leviathan
Pacific EcoRisk
Eurofins Calscience

SAN RAFAEL CREEK RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL DOCKS | Comprehensive Dredge Support Services The San Rafael Creek is an urban channel and waterfront critical to public safety operations, regional economic growth, and flood control. Allowing commercial and residential access to the creek requires maintenance dredging in conjunction with the USACE maintenance dredging of the San Rafael Federal Navigation Channel. Dredging the channel poses multiple challenges. In addition to the presence of multiple contaminants, the permitting process was complicated by the number of individual dock owners along the Creek. Working closely with USACE, BCDC, CDFW and the RWQCB, we diligently Services
Sampling and analysis plan
Sediment quality evaluation
Field sampling and analysis
DMMO dredging permit
application and acquisition
Hydrographic surveys
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 527

compiled a massive amount of property information, and completed the DMMO application which resulted in long-term permits with all four agencies.

Enabled cost-effective disposal of dredged sediments
As we expected, we detected elevated contaminants prohibiting in-Bay disposal throughout the dredging footprint. But with careful data evaluation, our sediment scientists demonstrated with statistical analysis and modeling that the potential to elicit ecological effects was not significant enough to prohibit ocean disposal, which had not been allowed with the previous episode.

Saved the city money on sediment importing and disposal cost We negotiated limiting the post-dredge cap to an area within the federal channel.

Regulators also agreed to allow us to use non-impacted sediments as capping material.

This saved the city money they would otherwise have spent importing cap material and transporting unimpacted sediments to the authorized disposal site further away.

Haley & Aldrich staff
Scott Bodensteiner
Helder Costa
Darcy Metzler
Jennifer Galvin
Vanessa Godard
Subconsultants
Leviathan
Pacific EcoRisk
Eurofins Calscience

PORT OF SAN FRANCISCO | Sediment Characterization and Permitting The Port of San Francisco has depended on Haley & Aldrich’s sediment characterization and permitting expertise on two recent projects critical to new tenants. The first was in relocating the historic Klamath Ferry to the port’s Pier 9 so the Bay Area Council could use it as their new headquarters. The other was obtaining approval for emergency dredging at Pier 45 to relocate another historic vessel, the USS Pampanito, a World War II submarine preserved as a maritime museum.

Strategically sequenced permitting and testing to adhere to strict schedule To ensure dredging for both projects was completed on time, our project manager sequenced the various permitting and sediment testing procedures needed to proceed with the most cost-effective and timely options.

Expedited sediment characterization and sediment quality data analysis By anticipating and incorporating their comments and concerns prior to submission, we quickly received DMMO approval of our SAPs without requests for revisions. Within a week, our field team mobilized to collect samples and deliver them to the labs. For the Pier 45 project, Eurofins Calscience sent us data to review in real-time, and we immediately rectified an analytical reporting issue. The DMMO reviewed our reports and data for both projects and accepted all of our disposal recommendations.

Prepared a detailed Integrated Alternatives Analysis
Using a multi-criteria decision analysis approach, we clearly established that dredged material management alternatives to aquatic disposal were not practicable due to the cost burden of a diminutive project like the Klamath Ferry dredging.

Services
Sampling and analysis plan
Sediment quality evaluation
Field sampling and analysis
DMMO dredging permit
application and acquisition
Integrated alternatives analysis
Haley & Aldrich staff
Scott Bodensteiner
Helder Costa
Darcy Metzler
Jennifer Galvin
Vanessa Godard
Subconsultants
Pacific EcoRisk
Eurofins Calscience

INTERNATIONAL MATEX TANK TERMINALS (IMTT), RICHMOND, CALIFORNIA | Dredging Support IMTT needed to dredge their berths adjacent to their bulk liquid handling facility on the Richmond Inner Harbor. They turned to the Haley & Aldrich team to prepare an SAP proposing an innovative sampling and testing strategy aimed at DMMO approving knock- down dredging—a low-cost alternative to conventional dredging and disposal in which crews drag a steel beam over shoals or high spots to scrape sediments into a low area within the dredging footprint.

Because of our history with DMMO, we anticipated their concerns and prepared the SAP accordingly. As such, the DMMO approved our SAP without any significant revision requests, allowing our team to immediately begin sampling. During sampling, we found elevated concentrations of pesticides (DDTs) related to the adjacent United Heckathorn Superfund Site. These results ultimately prevented DMMO approving a knock-down dredging episode. However, our team quickly pivoted and, using sound science and careful analysis, prepared an SCR recommending dredging and beneficial reuse at the Montezuma Wetlands, which the DMMO readily approved.

Services
Sampling and analysis plan
Sediment quality evaluation
Field sampling and analysis
Haley & Aldrich staff
Scott Bodensteiner
Helder Costa
Darcy Metzler
Vanessa Godard

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 528

LEVIN RICHMOND TERMINAL, RICHMOND INNER HARBOR | Remediation Impacts to Maintenance Dredging Contamination from a former pesticide processing facility in the Richmond Inner Harbor being listed as a Superfund site. Cleanup was completed by the mid-1990s, but soon after, elevated DDT concentrations were again detected in the Lauritzen Channel . This discovery prompted the U.S. EPA to prepare a new feasibility study to assess alternatives for a second cleanup action, including remediation dredging.

The Levin Richmond Terminal (LRT), located at the mouth of the Lauritzen Channel, must regularly dredge their shipping terminals, so they stood to be affected by the study’s outcome. Based on our ability to assess and manage contaminated sediments, LRT hired Haley & Aldrich to comprehensively review the study and comment on the proposed remedies’ impacts to their maintenance dredging.

As one component of this effort, our team reviewed and compiled data generated during previous sediment quality studies performed by U.S. EPA, LRT, USACE, the Port of Richmond, and other terminals on the Inner Harbor. We assessed in detail the constructability and feasibility of remedial alternatives presented in the study. Finally, we determined the impacts of the remedy on LRT’s maintenance dredging and presented these findings to U.S. EPA’s task force.

Services
Sampling and analysis plan
Sediment quality evaluation
Field sampling and analysis
DMMO dredging permit
application and acquisition
Haley & Aldrich staff
Scott Bodensteiner
Darcy Metzler
Helder Costa

BLAIR WATERWAY, PORT OF TACOMA, WASHINGTON | Slope Stability Analysis The Port of Tacoma is deepening berths within the Blair Waterway. They retained Haley & Aldrich geotechnical engineers to evaluate slope stability for the wharf structures at Husky and Washington United Terminals, as well as support the design and evaluation of an underwater toe wall to accommodate up to 10 feet of additional berthing depths.

Similar to what may be needed for the Port of Richmond, properly analyzing geotechnical conditions required subsurface soil explorations, including seismic cone penetration tests (CPTs) and over-water and upland borings. With data from these tests and borings, we are assessing liquefaction and static and seismic slope stability with numerical modeling using two-dimensional, effective-stress analysis that can model the timing and initiation of liquefaction.

Services
Slope stability analysis
Seismic hazard analysis
Ground motion development
Limit equilibrium
Haley & Aldrich staff
Doug Lindquist

SEDIMENT REMEDIATION CAP, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA | Slope Stability Analysis Haley & Aldrich has been evaluating slope stability in support of a sediment cap near the San Francisco shoreline as part of a client’s legacy contamination cleanup. Similar to the Port of Richmond, the slopes are near historic waterfront structures and will need to be maintained as the area is dredged and the cap is constructed. Using limit equilibrium slope stability analyses, we evaluated both static conditions and seismic conditions. We also evaluated the slopes under seismic loading conditions using a probabilistic, performance-based seismic slope displacement procedure. By combining these methods, we designed the constructed slopes to a limiting deformation. Where needed, our design incorporated timber piles to stabilize select slopes and increase their resiliency during an earthquake.

Services
Slope stability analysis
Haley & Aldrich staff
Helder Costa
Darcy Metzler
Jennifer Galvin
Doug Lindquist

G. REFERENCES

PORT OF OAKLAND
Edwin Draper, Supervising Engineer
510.627.1269
[email protected]

PORT OF SAN FRANCISCO
Kathryn Purcell, Sr. Planner
415.518.0484
[email protected]

PORT OF REDWOOD CITY
Don Snaman, Director of Operations
650.642.8600
[email protected]

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 529

December 16, 2024

Subject: Fee Quotation for Professional Services Agreement to Support Permitting and Dredging at Terminals 2, 7, 8 and the Marina Bay Yacht Harbor

H. FEE QUOTATION (NOT TO EXCEED)*

TASK COST
Sampling and Analysis Plan $14,700
Sampling, Analysis and Sediment Report (Terminals 2, 7 and 8) $158,200 MBYH Entrance Channel Sampling, Analysis and Report $31,700 MBYH Permit Amendment $15,600
Episode Approval (Dredge Operations Plan) $3,800
Terminal 2 Slope Stability Improvement Recommendations $11,000 New Permits for Beyond 2027 (Optional) $19,100
Total $235,000
Total with Optional Task $254,100

ASSUMPTIONS

1. Sampling and analysis includes one sample area for each of four dredge unit s: Terminal 2, Terminal 7, Terminal 8, and the Marina Bay Yacht Harbor (MBYH) Entrance Channel.

2. Per the RFP, the MBYH permit amendment and sampling and testing tasks are included as separate line-items but part of the total cost.

3. Obtaining new permits for all dredge areas for beyond the 2027 permit expiration dates is an optional task.

4. For Episode Approval, dredging contractor will prepare Dredge Operations Plan (DOP), and we will review the DOP and coordinate with the regulatory agencies during the approval process. We can prepare the DOP if necessary for an additional cost.

5. We will prepare our own health and safety plan for work on the site. Drilling does not require air monitoring.

6. Site-specific security clearance is not required for this project.

7. Our fieldwork can be performed between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday.

8. Haley & Aldrich’s services are professional services and not subject to Prevailing Wage Rate requirements.

Subcontractor services including our drillers and utility locators will be subject to Prevailing Wage Requirements.

9. Haley & Aldrich will produce work that complies with our internal quality assurance/quality control program.

Additional requirements beyond that program are not included in our fee estimate.

10. The Port of Richmond will provide existing geotechnical reports and previous dredge studies for all Port dredging project areas.

www.haleyaldrich.com
HALEY & ALDRICH, INC.
2033 N. Main Street, Suite 309
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
925.949.1012

*All costs are negotiable as we refine the
scope of work with the Port.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 530
Contract No: ________ For the Contract between the City of Richmond and
_____________________________

EXHIBIT B

PAYMENT PROVISIONS

1. COMPENSATION TO CONTRACTOR:

a. Provided Contractor is not in default under this Contract, Contractor shall be compensated in the manner set forth herein.

b. All payments made pursuant to this Contract shall be subject to the Contract Payment Limit. The Payment Limit includes expenses (phones, photocopying, meals and travel, etc.). Invoices shall be adequately detailed, based on accurate records, and be in a form reasonably satisfactory to the City. Contractor may be required to provide back-up material upon request.

c. All City vendors receiving new contracts shall sign up to receive electronic payments through the City’s Automated Clearinghouse (ACH) payments service/provider.

2. SUBMISSION OF INVOICES:

Contractor shall submit timely invoices by email to
[email protected] and/or to the following address:

Attention: City of Richmond Finance/Account Payable
Project Manager: _______________________
P.O. Box 4046
Richmond, CA 94804

3. All invoices that are submitted by Contractor shall be subject to the approval of the City Project Manager, _______________________, before payments shall be authorized.

a. The City will pay invoice(s) within 45 days after completion of services to the City’s satisfaction. The City shall not pay late fees or interest.

b. All appropriate permits, certificates, and licenses, including a City business license shall be obtained and maintained for the duration of this Contract before any payment is authorized.

4. All insurance coverage required by this Contract shall be provided by the Contractor before this Contract is executed by the City. The insurance coverage required by this Contract shall be maintained by Contractor for the duration of this Contract and must be in place before any payment is authorized.
7388
Haley and Aldrich, Inc.

Lizeht Zepeda
Lizeht Zepeda
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 531
Contract No: ________ For the Contract between the City of Richmond and
_____________________________

EXHIBIT C

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES AND NOTICES

1. All required written notices shall be delivered: (i) by hand; or (ii) sent by registered, express, or certified mail, with return receipt requested or with delivery confirmation requested from the U.S. postal service; or (iii) sent by overnight or same day courier service at the party’s respective address listed in this Section.

2. Each notice shall be deemed to have been received on the earlier to occur of:
actual delivery or the date on which delivery is refused; or three (3) days after notice is deposited in the U.S. mail or with a courier service in the manner described above (Sundays and City holidays excepted).

3. Either party may, at any time, change its notice address (other than to a post office box address) by giving the other party three (3) days prior written notice of the new address.

4. All notices, demands, requests, or approvals from Contractor to the City shall be addressed to the City at:

City of Richmond
450 Civic Center Plaza
Richmond, CA 94804
Email: ________________________________________________

5. All notices, demands, requests, or approvals from the City to Contractor shall be addressed to Contractor at:

Attn:

Email: ________________________________________________ 7388
Haley and Aldrich, Inc.

Lizeht Zepeda
[email protected]
Haley and Aldrich, Inc.
2033 North Main Street #309
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
[email protected]
Scott Bodensteiner
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 532
Contract No: ________ For the Contract between the City of Richmond and
_____________________________

EXHIBIT D

GENERAL CONDITIONS

1. INDEPENDENT PARTIES:

Contractor hereby declares that Contractor is engaged as an independent business and Contractor agrees to perform the services as an independent contractor.

The manner and means of conducting the services and tasks are under the control of Contractor except to the extent they are limited by statute, rule or regulation and the express terms of this Contract. No civil service status or other right of employment will be acquired by virtue of Contractor’s services. None of the benefits provided by the City to its employees, including but not limited to unemployment insurance, workers’ compensation plans, vacation and sick leave, are available from the City to Contractor, its employees or agents. Deductions shall not be made for any state or federal taxes, FICA payments, PERS payments, or other purposes normally associated with an employer-employee relationship from any compensation due to Contractor. Payments of the above items, if required, are the responsibility of Contractor.

2. TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE:

Contractor and the City agree that time is of the essence regarding the performance of this Contract.

3. STANDARD OF CARE:

Contractor agrees to perform all services hereunder in a manner commensurate with the prevailing standards of like professionals or service Contractors, as applicable, in the San Francisco Bay Area and agrees that all services shall be performed by qualified and experienced personnel who are not employed by the City.

4. IMMIGRATION REFORM AND CONTROL ACT (IRCA):

Contractor assumes all responsibility for verifying the identity and employment authorization of all of its employees performing work hereunder, pursuant to all applicable IRCA or other federal, or state rules and regulations. Contractor shall indemnify, defend, and hold the City harmless from and against any loss, damage, liability, costs or expenses arising from any noncompliance of this provision by Contractor.

5. NON-DISCRIMINATION:

Consistent with the City’s policy and state and federal law that harassment and discrimination are unacceptable conduct, Contractor and its employees, contractors, and agents shall not harass or discriminate against any job applicant, City employee, or any other person on the basis of any kind of any statutorily (federal, state or local) protected class, including but not limited to: race, religious creed, color, national origin, ancestry, 7388
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disability (both mental and physical) including HIV and AIDS, medical condition (e.g. cancer), genetic information, marital status, sex, gender, gender identity, gender expression, age, sexual orientation, pregnancy, political affiliation, military and veteran status or legitimate union activities. Contractor agrees that any violation of this provision shall constitute a material breach of this Contract.

6. CITY PROPERTY:
a. Each and every report, draft, work product, map, record, applicable plans, drawings, calculation, data, specification, video, graphic, or any other material or document produced, prepared or caused to be prepared by Contractor pursuant to or in connection with this Contract shall be the exclusive property of the City. b. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Contractor shall not be obligated to provide to City proprietary software or data which Contractor has developed or had developed for Contractor's own use; provided, however, that Contractor shall, pursuant to Section 11 below, indemnify, defend and hold the City harmless from and against any discovery or Public Records Act request seeking the disclosure of such proprietary software or data. c. No report, information or other data given to or prepared or assembled by Contractor pursuant to this Contract shall be made available to any individual or organization by Contractor without prior approval of the City Manager or their designee. d. Contractor shall, at such time and in such form as City Manager or their designee may require, furnish reports concerning the status of services and tasks required under this Contract.

7. RECORDS:
a. Contractor shall maintain complete and accurate records with respect to the services, tasks, work, documents and data in sufficient detail to permit an evaluation of Contractor’s performance under the Contract, as well as maintain books and records related to sales, costs, expenses, receipts and other such information required by the City that relate to the performance of the services and tasks under this Contract (collectively the “Records”).
b. All Records shall be maintained in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and shall be clearly identified and readily accessible. Contractor shall provide free access to the Records to the representatives of the City or its designees during regular business hours upon reasonable prior notice. The City has the right to examine and audit the Records, and to make copies or transcripts therefrom as necessary, and to allow inspection of all proceedings and activities related to this Contract. Such Records, together with supporting documents, shall be kept separate from other documents and records and shall be maintained by Contractor for a period of five (5) years after receipt of final payment.
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c. If supplemental examination or audit of the Records is necessary due to concerns raised by the City’s preliminary examination or audit of records, and the City’s supplemental examination or audit of the records discloses a failure to adhere to appropriate internal financial controls, or other breach of this Contract or failure to act in good faith, then Contractor shall reimburse the City for all reasonable costs and expenses associated with the supplemental examination or audit.

8. PERMITS AND LICENSES:

Contractor, at its sole expense, shall obtain and maintain during the term of this Contract, all appropriate permits, certificates and licenses, including a City business license, required in connection with the performance of the services and tasks hereunder.

The failure to obtain such permits and licenses shall be a material breach of this Contract and grounds for immediate termination by City; provided, however, that City may waive the business license requirement in writing under unusual or extraordinary circumstances without necessitating any modification of this Contract to reflect such waiver.

9. TERMINATION:
a. Termination Without Default. Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, the City may, in its sole and absolute discretion and without cause, terminate this Contract at any time prior to completion by Contractor of the project or services hereunder immediately upon transmission of written notice to Contractor as provided in Exhibit C “Authorized Representatives and Notices”.
b. Termination in the Event of Default. Should Contractor fail to perform any of its obligations hereunder, within the time and in the manner provided or otherwise violate any of the terms of this Contract, City may immediately terminate this Contract by giving written notice of such termination, stating the reasons for such termination. Contractor shall be compensated as provided in Exhibit B; provided, however, there shall be deducted from such amount the amount of damage, including attorney's fees, expert witness fees and costs, if any, sustained by City by virtue of Contractor's breach of this Contract. Additionally, in the event of such termination, the City may proceed with the work in any reasonable manner it chooses.

10. CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

Contractor acknowledges, represents and warrants that Contractor shall avoid all conflicts of interest (as defined under any federal, state or local statute, rule or regulation, or at common law) with respect to this Contract. Contractor further acknowledges, represents and warrants that no City official or employee has any economic interest, as defined in Title 2, California Code of Regulations §§ 18703.1 through 18703.5, with Contractor that would invalidate this Contract. Contractor acknowledges that in the event that Contractor shall be found by any judicial or administrative body to have any conflict of interest (as defined above) with respect to this Contract, all consideration received under 7388
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this Contract shall be forfeited and returned to City forthwith. This provision shall survive the termination of this Contract for one (1) year.

11. HOLD HARMLESS:

a. To the fullest extent permitted by law, Contractor shall indemnify, defend (with counsel acceptable to the City) and hold harmless the City, its City Council, boards, commissions, officials, employees, agents and volunteers (“Indemnitees”) from and against any and all loss, damages, liability, obligations, claims, suits, judgments, costs and expenses whatsoever, including attorney’s fees and costs of litigation (“Claims”), arising from or in any manner connected to Contractor’s performance of its obligations under this Contract or failure to comply with any of its obligations under this Contract or out of the operations conducted by Contractor even if the City is found to have been negligent. If the Claims filed against Indemnitees allege negligence, recklessness or willful misconduct on the part of Contractor, Contractor shall have no right of reimbursement against Indemnitees for the costs of defense even if negligence, recklessness or willful misconduct is not found on the part of Contractor. Contractor shall not have any obligations to indemnify Indemnitees if the loss or damage is found to have resulted solely from the negligence or the willful misconduct of the City. The defense and indemnification obligations of this Contract are undertaken in addition to, and shall not in any way be limited by, the insurance obligations contained in this Contract.

b. This indemnification obligation shall survive this Contract and shall not be limited by any term of any insurance policy required under this Contract; provided however, that if this Contract is for design professional services, this indemnity provision is limited to claims that arise out of, pertain to, or relate to the negligence, recklessness, or willful misconduct of the design professional (as defined in California Civil Code section 2782.8).

12. LIMITATIONS UPON SUBCONTRACTING AND ASSIGNMENT:

a. This Contract binds the heirs, successors, assigns and representatives of Contractor. The Contractor shall not enter into subcontracts for any work contemplated under this Contract and shall not assign this Contract, nor any portion hereof or monies due or to become due, without the prior written consent of the City Council or its designee.

b. Contractor shall not assign, sublease, hypothecate, or transfer this Contract, or any interest therein, directly or indirectly, by operation of law or otherwise, without prior written consent of the City Manager. Contractor shall submit a written request for consent to transfer to the City Manager at least thirty (30) days in advance of the desired transfer.

The City Manager or their designee may consent or reject such request in their sole and absolute discretion. Any attempt to do so without said consent shall be null and void, and any assignee, sublessee, hypothecate or transferee shall acquire no right or interest by reason of such attempted assignment, hypothecation or transfer. However, claims for 7388
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money against the City under this Contract may be assigned by Contractor to a bank, trust company or other financial institution without prior written consent. c. The sale, assignment, transfer or other disposition of any of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Contractor (if applicable), or of the interest of any general partner or joint venturer or syndicate member if Contractor is a partnership or joint- venture or syndicate, which shall result in a change of control of Contractor, shall be deemed an assignment. For this purpose, control shall mean fifty percent or more of the voting power or twenty-five percent or more of the assets of the corporation, partnership or joint-venture.
d. Only those persons and/or businesses whose names and resumés are attached to this Contract shall be used in the performance of this Contract. However, if after the start of this Contract, Contractor wishes to use sub-contractors, at no additional costs to the City, then Contractor shall submit a written request for consent to add sub- contractors including the names of the sub-contractors and the reasons for the request to the City Manager at least five (5) days in advance. The City Manager may consent or reject such requests in their sole and absolute discretion. e. Each sub-contractor shall be required to furnish proof of workers’ compensation insurance and shall also be required to carry general, automobile and professional liability insurance (as applicable) in reasonable conformity to the insurance carried by Contractor.
f. In addition, any tasks or services performed by sub-contractors shall be subject to each provision of this Contract. Contractor shall include the following language in their Contract with any sub-contractor: “Sub-Contractors hired by Contractor agree to be bound to Contractor and the City in the same manner and to the same extent as Contractor is bound to the City.”
g. The requirements in this Section 12 shall not apply to persons who are merely providing materials, supplies, data or information that Contractor then analyzes and incorporates into its work product.

13. SAFETY:
a. Contractor acknowledges that the City is committed to the highest standards of workplace safety. Contractor will be solely and completely responsible for conditions of all vehicles owned or operated by Contractor, including the safety of all persons and property during performance of the services and tasks under this Contract.

Contractor shall assume sole and complete responsibility for the safety of Contractor's employees and any of subcontractor's employees This requirement will apply continuously and not be limited to normal working hours. In addition, Contractor will comply with all safety provisions in conformance with U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Act, any equivalent state law, and all other applicable 7388
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federal, state, county and local laws, ordinances, codes, and any regulations that may be detailed in other parts of the Contract. Where any of these are in conflict, the more stringent requirements will be followed. Contractor’s failure to thoroughly familiarize itself with the aforementioned safety provisions will not relieve it from compliance with the obligations and penalties set forth herein.

b. Contractor will immediately notify the City (in no event less than 24 hours) of any incident of death, serious personal injury or substantial property damage that occurs in connection with the performance of this Contract. Contractor will promptly submit to the City a written report of all incidents that occur in connection with this Contract. This report must include the following information: (i) name and address of injured or deceased person(s); (ii) name and address of Contractor’s employee(s) involved in the incident; (iii) name and address of Contractor’s liability insurance carrier; (iv) a detailed description of the incident; and (v) a police report.

c. Contractor acknowledges that the City shall have the right to impose, at the City’s sole discretion, requirements that it deems are necessary to protect the health and safety of the City employees, residents, and visitors. Contractor agrees to comply with all such requirements, including, but not limited to, mandatory vaccinations, the use of personal protective equipment (e.g. masks), physical distancing, and health screenings.

Contractor also agrees to make available to the City, at the City’s request, records to demonstrate Contractor’s compliance with this Section.

14. INSURANCE:

Insurance requirements are set forth in Exhibit F to this Contract. Contractor shall abide by the insurance requirements set forth in said Exhibit F.

15. COMPLIANCE WITH ALL APPLICABLE LAWS:

a. During the term of this Contract, Contractor shall keep fully informed of all existing and future state and federal laws and all municipal ordinances and regulations of the City of Richmond which affect the manner in which the services or tasks are to be performed by Contractor, as well as all such orders and decrees of bodies or tribunals having any jurisdiction or authority over the same. Contractor shall comply with all applicable laws, state and federal and all ordinances, rules and regulations enacted or issued by the City. Compliance under this provision includes compliance with all provisions of the Richmond Municipal Code ("Municipal Code"), including Chapters 2.50,

2.52, 2.56, and 2.60, if applicable.

b. Contractor acknowledges that under § 2.60.070 of the Municipal Code ("Living Wage Ordinance"), Contractor is required to provide the City with documents and information verifying its compliance with the Living Wage Ordinance. Contractor shall notify each of its affected employees with regards to the wages that are required to be paid pursuant to the Living Wage Ordinance as prescribed in § 2.60.070 of the Municipal Code.
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c. Contractor shall comply with § 2.28.030 of the Municipal Code, obligating every Contractor or sub-Contractor under an agreement or sub-agreement with the City for public works, goods or services to refrain from discriminatory employment or practices on the basis of race, color, sex, sexual orientation, religious creed, national origin or ancestry of any employee, any applicant for employment or any potential sub-contractor.

d. Contractor acknowledges that the City’s Drug Free Workplace Policy, Violence in the Workplace Policy and the Policy Against Workplace Harassment, are available on the City’s website at http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/workplacepolicies.

Contractor agrees to abide by the terms and conditions of said policies.

16. INTEGRATED CONTRACT:

The Recitals and exhibits are a material part of this Contract and are expressly incorporated herein. This Contract represents the full and complete understanding of every kind or nature whatsoever between the parties hereto, and all preliminary negotiations and agreements of whatsoever kind or nature are merged herein. No verbal agreement or implied covenant shall be held to vary the provisions hereof. Any modification of this Contract will be effective only by written execution signed by both the City and Contractor.

17. CONFLICTING PROVISIONS:

In the event of a conflict between these General Conditions and those of any Exhibit or attachment hereto, these General Conditions shall prevail; provided, however, that any Special Condition as set forth in Exhibit E shall prevail over these General Conditions. In the event of a conflict between the terms and conditions of any two or more Exhibits or attachments hereto, those prepared by City shall prevail over those prepared by the Contractor, and the terms and conditions preferred by the City shall prevail over those preferred by the Contractor.

18. FORCE MAJEURE:

Neither party hereto shall be considered in default in the performance of its obligations hereunder to the extent that the performance of such an obligation is prevented or delayed by reason of acts of God, strikes, boycotts, lock-outs, inability to procure materials not related to the price thereof, failure of power, restrictive governmental laws and regulations enacted after the date of this Contract, riots, civil unrest, acts of terrorism, insurrection, war, declaration of a state or national emergency or other reasons of a like nature not within the reasonable control of such party.

19. CONFLICT OF LAW:

This Contract shall be interpreted under, and enforced by the laws of the State of 7388
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California without regard to any choice of law rules which may direct the application of laws of another jurisdiction. The Contract and obligations of the parties are subject to all valid laws, orders, rules, and regulations of the authorities having jurisdiction over this Contract (or the successors of those authorities). Any suits brought pursuant to this Contract shall be filed with the courts of the County of Contra Costa, State of California.

20. CLAIMS:

Any claim by Contractor against City hereunder shall be subject to Government Code §§ 800 et seq. The claims presentation provisions of said Act are hereby modified such that the presentation of all claims hereunder to the City shall be waived if not made within six months after accrual of the cause of action.

21. INTERPRETATION:

This Contract shall be interpreted as if drafted by both parties.

22. WARRANTY:

If any product is be provided to the City as part of this Contract, Contractor warrants as follows: Contractor possesses good title to the product and the right to transfer the product to City; the product shall be delivered to the City free from any security interest or other lien; the product meets any specifications contained herein; the product shall be free from material defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of one (1) year from the date of delivery; and the product shall be fit for its intended purpose(s). Notwithstanding the foregoing, consumable and maintenance items (such as light bulbs and batteries) shall be warranted for a period of one hundred and eighty (180) days from the date of delivery. All repairs during the warranty period shall be promptly performed by Contractor, at Contractor's expense, including shipping.

23. SEVERABILITY:

In the event that any of the provisions or portions or applications thereof of this Contract are held to be unenforceable or invalid by any court of competent jurisdiction, City and Contractor shall negotiate an equitable adjustment in the provisions of the Contract with a view toward effecting the purpose of this Contract, and the validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions or portions or applications thereof, shall not be affected thereby.

24. AUTHORITY:

City warrants and represents that the signatory hereto (the Mayor of the City of Richmond or the City Manager) is duly authorized to enter into and execute this Contract on behalf of City. The party signing on behalf of Contractor warrants and represents that they are duly authorized to enter into and execute this Contract on behalf of Contractor, 7388
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and shall be personally liable to City if they are not duly authorized to enter into and execute this Contract on behalf of Contractor.

25. WAIVER:

The waiver by City of any breach of any term or provision of this Contract shall not be construed as a waiver of any subsequent breach. Inspections or approvals, or statements by any officer, agent or employee of the City relating to the Contractor’s performance, or payment therefore, or any combination of these acts, shall not relieve the Contractor’s obligation to fulfill this Contract as prescribed; nor shall the City be thereby stopped from bringing any action for damages or enforcement arising from any failure to comply with any of the terms and conditions of this Contract.

26. COUNTERPARTS:

This Contract may be executed in any number of counterparts (including by fax, PDF, DocuSign, or other electronic means), each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument.

27. SANCTUARY CITY CONTRACTING ORDINANCE (SCCO):

The Richmond Sanctuary City Contracting Ordinance No. 12-18 prohibits the City from granting and or retaining contracts with any person or entity that provides Data Broker or Extreme Vetting services to the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Division of the United States Department of Homeland Security (“ICE”). Contractor must submit the Sanctuary City Compliance Statement, attached hereto as Exhibit G. 7388
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EXHIBIT E

SPECIAL CONDITIONS
The General Conditions are hereby amended to include the following modifications and/or provisions (if applicable, otherwise please state “NONE”):
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NONE
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EXHIBIT F

INSURANCE PROVISIONS
☐ CHECK HERE IF RISK MANAGEMENT HAS APPROVED WAIVING INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR THIS CONTRACT.

1. CERTIFICATES: Before the commencement of the terms of this Contract, and during the entire term of this Contract and any extension or modification thereof, Contractor shall furnish the City’s Risk Manager with certificates showing the type, amount, class of operations covered, effective dates and dates of expiration of insurance coverage in compliance with coverage requirements set forth by the City and incorporated herein.

Such certificates, which do not limit Contractor’s indemnification, shall also contain substantially the following statement:
“Should any of the above insurance covered by this certificate be canceled or coverage reduced before the expiration date thereof, the insurer affording coverage shall provide thirty (30) days’ advance written notice to the City of Richmond.

Attention: Risk Manager.”
Contractor shall maintain in force at all times during the performance of this Contract all appropriate coverage of insurance required by this Contract with an insurance company licensed to offer insurance business in the State of California with a current A.M. Best’s rating of no less than A:VII or Standard & Poor’s Rating (if rated) of at least BBB unless otherwise acceptable to the City. Contractor shall deliver updated insurance certificates to the City at the address set forth in Exhibit C prior to the expiration of the existing insurance certificate for the duration of the term of Contract.

Endorsements naming the City, its City Council, boards, commissions, officials, employees, agents, and volunteers as additional insured shall be submitted with the insurance certificates.

2. COVERAGE REQUIREMENTS: The City’s insurance requirements depend upon the type of service being provided and/or the provider. The City’s insurance requirements will fall into one of the following categories (unless otherwise provided by the City):

Consultants and Contractors – Type 1
Professional Services – Type 2
Environmental Risk/Hazardous Waste Material – Type 3
Lease of City Property – Type 4
Vendors, Suppliers, Small Grant Recipients & Nonprofit Organizations – Type 5 Transportation Providers – Type 6
Professional Services Pyrotechnics – Type 7
Cyber and I.T. Risks – Type 8
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The insurance requirements classification applicable to this Contract shall be attached to this Exhibit F and made a part hereof.

3. FAILURE TO SECURE: If Contractor at any time during the term hereof should fail to secure or maintain the foregoing insurance, the City shall be permitted to obtain such insurance in Contractor’s name or as an agent of Contractor and shall be compensated by Contractor for the costs of the insurance premiums at the maximum rate permitted by law and computed from the date written notice is received that the premiums have not been paid.

4. SUFFICIENCY OF INSURANCE: The insurance limits required by the City are not represented as being sufficient to protect Contractor. Contractor is advised to consult Contractor’s insurance broker to determine adequate coverage for Contractor. The coverage and limits shall be (1) the minimum coverage and limits specified in this Contract; or (2) the broader coverage and maximum limits of the coverage carried by or available to Contractor; whichever is greater.

INSERT INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS CLASSIFICATION APPLICABLE TO THIS CONTRACT: (IF NECESSARY, CONFIRM WITH RISK MANAGER)
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___ Exhibit F
___ Section 8
City of Richmond - Insurance Requirements - Type 2:

Professional Services
Type 2 – Page 1 of 3
Revised: September 2011
In all instances where CONTRACTOR or its representatives will provide professional services (architects, engineers, construction management, counselors, medical professionals, hospitals, clinics, attorneys, consultants, accountants, etc.) to the City of Richmond (City), the City requires the following MINIMUM insurance requirements and limits.

CONTRACTOR shall procure and maintain for the duration of the contract, agreement, or other order for work, services or supplies, insurance against claims for injuries to persons or damages to property which may arise from or in connection with the performance of the work hereunder and the results of that work by the CONTRACTOR, its agents, representatives, employees or subcontractors. Maintenance of proper insurance coverage is a material element of the contract. Failure to maintain or renew coverage or to provide evidence of renewal may be treated by the City as a material breach of contract.

CONTRACTOR agrees that in the event of loss due to any of the perils for which it has agreed to provide Commercial General Liability insurance, CONTRACTOR shall look solely to its insurance for recovery.

CONTRACTOR hereby grants to CITY, on behalf of any insurer providing Commercial General Liability insurance to either CONTRACTOR or CITY with respect to the services of CONSULTANT herein, a waiver of any right to subrogation which any such insurer of said CONTRACTOR may acquire against the CITY by virtue of the payment of any loss under such insurance.

Original, signed certificates and original, separate policy endorsements, naming the City as an additional insured for general liability coverage, as well as a waiver of subrogation for Workers’ Compensation insurance, shall be received and approved by the City before any work may begin. However, failure to do so shall not operate as a waiver of these insurance requirements.

City reserves the right to modify or require additional coverages for specific risk exposures depending on scope of CONTRACTORS work.

Minimum coverage is detailed below. The policy limits of coverage shall be made available to the full limits of the policy. The minimum limits stated herein shall not serve to reduce the policy limits of coverage of CONTRACTOR.

Minimum Scope of Insurance – the following forms shall be provided and coverage shall be at least as broad as the following:

1. Insurance Services Office Commercial General Liability coverage (ISO Occurrence Form CG 0001), and including coverage for bodily and personal injury, property damage, and products and completed operations (if applicable).

2. Insurance Services Office Automobile Liability coverage (ISO Form CA 0001, Code 1, Any Auto).

3. Original and Separate Additional Insured Endorsement for General Liability (ISO Form CG 20 10 11/85 or its equivalent) with primary and non-contributory language.

4. Workers’ Compensation Insurance as required by the State of California including Employer’s Liability coverage.

5. Original and Separate Waiver of Subrogation for Workers’ Compensation insurance.

6. Professional Liability or Errors & Omissions Liability Insurance appropriate to the CONTRACTOR’s profession (if required.)
Required Coverage Minimum Limits
Workers’ Compensation and
Employers’ Liability
Statutory limits as required by the State of California including $1 million Employers’ Liability per accident, per employee for bodily injury or disease.

If CONTRACTOR is self-insured, provide a certificate of Permission to Self- Insure, signed by the California Department of Industrial Relations and Self- Insurance. If contractor is a sole proprietor (has no employees) than contractor must sign “Contractor Release of Liability” found at:
http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/index.aspx?nid=61.

General Liability
(primary and excess limits
combined)
$2,000,000 per occurrence for bodily injury, personal injury and property damage. If the policy includes a general aggregate, either the general aggregate shall apply separately to this project, service or location or the minimum required aggregate limit shall be twice the per occurrence limit ($4 million aggregate limit).

Policy shall be endorsed to name the City of Richmond as an additional insured per the conditions detailed below.

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___ Exhibit F
___ Section 8
City of Richmond - Insurance Requirements - Type 2:

Professional Services
Type 2 – Page 2 of 3
Revised: September 2011
Automobile Liability $1,000,000 per occurrence for bodily injury and property damage.

PROJECT COST REQUIRED LIMIT
$0 - $1 million $1 million p/o
$1 million - $5 million $2 million p/o
Over $5 million $5 million p/o
Professional Liability or Errors &
Omissions Liability –
Required for all professionals
including architects, engineers,
consultants, construction
management, counselors, medical
professionals, hospitals, clinics,
attorneys and accountants, & other
consultants as may be required by
the City.

Required Policy Conditions
Additional Insured Endorsement Applicable to General Liability coverage.

The City of Richmond, its officers, officials, employees, agents and volunteers are to be named as additional insureds for all liability arising out of the operations by or on behalf of the named insured including bodily injury, deaths and property damage or destruction arising in any respect directly or indirectly in the performance of this contract.

ISO form CG 20 10 (11/85) or its equivalent is required. If the Contractor is supplying their product or providing a service then the endorsement must not exclude products and completed operations coverage. If it does, then CG 20 37 (10/01) is also required.

SAMPLE Endorsements can be found at
http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/index.aspx?nid=61.

Primary and Noncontributory The contractor’s insurance coverage must be primary coverage as it pertains to the City, its officers, officials, employees, agents and volunteers. Any insurance or self insurance maintained by the City is wholly separate from the insurance of the contractor and in no way relieves the contractor from its responsibility to provide insurance.

Waiver of Subrogation
Endorsement Form
Contractor’s insurer will provide a Waiver of Subrogation in favor of the City for Workers’ Compensation Insurance during the life of this contract.

SAMPLE Endorsements can be found at
http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/index.aspx?nid=61.

Deductibles and Self-Insured
Retentions
Any deductible or self-insured retention must be declared to and approved by the City. At the option of the City either the insurer shall reduce or eliminate such deductibles or self-insured retention as respects the City or the CONTRACTOR shall procure a financial guarantee in an amount equal to the deductible or self-insured retention guaranteeing payment of losses and related investigations, claims administration and defense expenses.

Contractor is responsible for satisfaction of the deductible and/or self-insured retention for each loss.

A. M. Best Rating A:VII or Better. If the A.M. Best Rating falls below the required rating, CONTRACTOR must replace coverage immediately and provide notice to City.

Umbrella/Excess Liability Policies
If an Umbrella or Excess Liability Policy is used to meet the liability limits, coverage shall be as broad as specified for underlying coverage’s and cover those insured in the underlying policies.

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___ Exhibit F
___ Section 8
City of Richmond - Insurance Requirements - Type 2:

Professional Services

Type 2 – Page 3 of 3

Revised: September 2011
Claims-Made Policies
If any insurance policy is written on a claims-made form: 1) the retroactive date must be shown, and must be before the date of the contract or the beginning of contract work. 2) Insurance must be maintained and evidence of insurance must be provided for at least five (5) years after completion of the contract of work. 3) If coverage is canceled or non-renewed, and not replaced with another claims-made policy form with a retroactive date prior to the contract effective date, the Contractor must purchase an extended period coverage for a minimum of five (5) years after completion of contract work.

Subcontractors
CONTRACTOR shall include all subcontractors as insured under its policies or shall furnish to the City for review and approval, separate certificates and endorsements for each subcontractor. All coverage for subcontractors shall be subject to all of the requirements stated herein.

CONTRACTOR agrees to defend and indemnify the City of Richmond for any damage resulting to it from failure of either CONTRACTOR or any subcontractor to take out or maintain the required insurance policies. The fact that insurance is obtained by CONTRACTOR, and/or CONTRACTOR’s subcontractors, will not be deemed to release or diminish the liability of CONTRACTOR, including, without limitation, liability under the indemnity provisions of this contract. Damages recoverable by CITY from CONTRACTOR or any third party will not be limited by the amount of the required insurance coverage.

Verification of Coverage
All original certificates and endorsements shall be received and approved by the City before work may begin.

The City of Richmond reserves the right to require complete, certified copies of all required insurance policies including endorsements affecting the coverage at any time.

Original insurance certificates and required policy endorsements shall be mailed or delivered to the Designated Project Manager for the City of Richmond.

Insurance certificates and endorsements may be faxed to the Designated Project Manger. However, CONTRACTOR must mail the original certificates and endorsements to Designated Project Manager once faxed.

Continuous Coverage
CONTRACTOR shall maintain the required insurance for the life of the contract. Should the CONTRACTOR cease to have insurance as required during this time, all work by the CONTRACTOR pursuant to this agreement shall cease until insurance acceptable to the City is provided. In the event that CONTRACTOR fails to comply with the City’s insurance requirements, the City may take such action as it deems necessary to protect the City’s interests. Such action may include but is not limited to termination of the contract, withholding of payments, or other actions as the City deems appropriate.

If services or the scope of work extend beyond the expiration dates of the required insurance policies initially approved by the City, CONTRACTOR must provide updated certificates and endorsements indicating that the required coverage, terms and conditions are still in place. Renewal certificates and updated endorsements shall be mailed to the Designated Project Manager.

Cancellation
CONTRACTOR shall ensure that coverage shall not be cancelled, reduced or otherwise materially changed except after thirty (30) days’ prior written notice has been given to the City.

Reporting Requirements

Any failure to comply with reporting or other provisions of the policies including breaches of warranties shall not affect coverage provided to the City, its officers, officials, employees or volunteers.

Consistent with Public Policy
The insuring provisions, insofar as they may be judged to be against public policy shall be void and unenforceable only to the minimum extent necessary so that the remaining terms and provisions herein may be consistent with public policy and thus enforceable.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 547
ANY PROPRIETOR/PARTNER/EXECUTIVEOFFICER/MEMBER EXCLUDED?

INSR ADDLSUBRLTR INSDWVD
PRODUCER CONTACTNAME: FAXPHONE(A/C, No):(A/C, No, Ext):E-MAILADDRESS:INSURER A :INSURED INSURER B :INSURER C :INSURER D :INSURER E :INSURER F :

POLICY NUMBERPOLICY EFFPOLICY EXPTYPE OF INSURANCELIMITS(MM/DD/YYYY)(MM/DD/YYYY)

AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY

UMBRELLA LIABEXCESS LIABWORKERS COMPENSATIONAND EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY DESCRIPTION OF OPERATIONS / LOCATIONS / VEHICLES (ACORD 101, Additional Remarks Schedule, may be attached if more space is required)

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
EACH OCCURRENCE$DAMAGE TO RENTEDCLAIMS-MADEOCCUR $PREMISES (Ea occurrence)MED EXP (Any one person)$PERSONAL & ADV INJURY$GEN'L AGGREGATE LIMIT APPLIES PER:GENERAL AGGREGATE$PRO-POLICYLOC PRODUCTS - COMP/OP AGGJECT OTHER: $COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT$(Ea accident)ANY AUTO BODILY INJURY (Per person)$OWNEDSCHEDULEDBODILY INJURY (Per accident)$AUTOS ONLYAUTOSHIREDNON-OWNEDPROPERTY DAMAGE$AUTOS ONLYAUTOS ONLY(Per accident)$OCCUR EACH OCCURRENCECLAIMS-MADEAGGREGATE$DEDRETENTION$ PEROTH-STATUTEERE.L. EACH ACCIDENTE.L. DISEASE - EA EMPLOYEE$If yes, describe underE.L. DISEASE - POLICY LIMITDESCRIPTION OF OPERATIONS below INSURER(S) AFFORDING COVERAGENAIC #

COMMERCIAL GENERAL LIABILITY
Y / NN / A(Mandatory in NH)
SHOULD ANY OF THE ABOVE DESCRIBED POLICIES BE CANCELLED BEFORETHE EXPIRATION DATE THEREOF, NOTICE WILL BE DELIVERED INACCORDANCE WITH THE POLICY PROVISIONS.

THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THE POLICIES OF INSURANCE LISTED BELOW HAVE BEEN ISSUED TO THE INSURED NAMED ABOVE FOR THE POLICY PERIODINDICATED. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY REQUIREMENT, TERM OR CONDITION OF ANY CONTRACT OR OTHER DOCUMENT WITH RESPECT TO WHICH THISCERTIFICATE MAY BE ISSUED OR MAY PERTAIN, THE INSURANCE AFFORDED BY THE POLICIES DESCRIBED HEREIN IS SUBJECT TO ALL THE TERMS,EXCLUSIONS AND CONDITIONS OF SUCH POLICIES. LIMITS SHOWN MAY HAVE BEEN REDUCED BY PAID CLAIMS.

THIS CERTIFICATE IS ISSUED AS A MATTER OF INFORMATION ONLY AND CONFERS NO RIGHTS UPON THE CERTIFICATE HOLDER. THISCERTIFICATE DOES NOT AFFIRMATIVELY OR NEGATIVELY AMEND, EXTEND OR ALTER THE COVERAGE AFFORDED BY THE POLICIESBELOW. THIS CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE DOES NOT CONSTITUTE A CONTRACT BETWEEN THE ISSUING INSURER(S), AUTHORIZEDREPRESENTATIVE OR PRODUCER, AND THE CERTIFICATE HOLDER.IMPORTANT: If the certificate holder is an ADDITIONAL INSURED, the policy(ies) must have ADDITIONAL INSURED provisions or be endorsed.If SUBROGATION IS WAIVED, subject to the terms and conditions of the policy, certain policies may require an endorsement. A statement onthis certificate does not confer rights to the certificate holder in lieu of such endorsement(s).

COVERAGESCERTIFICATE NUMBER:REVISION NUMBER:

CERTIFICATE HOLDERCANCELLATION
© 1988-2015 ACORD CORPORATION. All rights reserved.ACORD 25 (2016/03)

CERTIFICATE OF LIABILITY INSURANCEDATE (MM/DD/YYYY)
$
$$$$
The ACORD name and logo are registered marks of ACORD
3/26/2025
(617) 328-6555(617) 328-688817370Haley & Aldrich, Inc.70 Blanchard RoadSuite 204Burlington, MA 0180323035335882431931194 A 1,000,000XECPO15215981/1/20251/1/2026300,00015,0001,000,0002,000,0002,000,0001,000,000B XAS2-Z11-254100-0251/1/20251/1/20264,000,000A XFFX15215991/1/20251/1/20264,000,0000C XWC6-Z11-254100-0351/1/20251/1/20261,000,000N 1,000,0001,000,000DProfessional Liab0313-66581/1/2025per cl 2,000,000agg2,000,000ECyber Liability1057254171/1/20251/1/2026per cl/agg2,000,000If AI box is checked, GL Endorsement Form# BSUM1200 (10-21) applies, unless another additional insured endorsement is attached to this certificate. All Coverages are in accordance with the policy terms and conditions. Excess Liability, if listed above, sits in excess of the CGLI, Contractor's Pollution, Auto, Employers, Drone and Foreign Liability where required by written contract.H&A Project Number: 209472-000, Project Name: Port of Richmond Dredging Support (PM: Darcy Metzler) The City of Richmond, its officers, officials, employees, agents, and volunteers shall be included as additional insured with respects to General, Auto, and Excess Liability where required by written contract. General, Auto and Excess Liability are Primary and Non-contributory as required per written contract. A Waiver of Subrogation and 30 Day Notice of Cancellation is provided in accordance with the policy terms and conditions.

City of RichmondAttention: Risk Manager450 Civic Center Plaza STE. 310Richmond, CA 94804 HALE&AL-01MPARENT
Ames & Gough859 Willard StreetSuite 320Quincy, MA [email protected] Insurance Company A+, XVLiberty Mutual Fire Insurance Co. A XVThe First Liberty Insurance Corp A, XVAllied World Surplus Lines Insurance Co. A XVTravelers Casualty & Surety Co. of America A++, XV X1/1/2026

X XXXXX XXXX
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 548
BSUM-1200 (10-21) Page 1 of 2

POLICY CHANGES
POLICY CHANGE NUMBER:

POLICY NUMBER
ECPO1521598

POLICY CHANGES EFFECTIVE
3/26/2025

COMPANY
Nautilus Insurance Company

NAMED INSURED
Haley & Aldrich Inc
70 Blanchard Rd
Burlington, MA 01803

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
COVERAGE PARTS AFFECTED:

Environmental Combined Policy
THIS ENDORSEMENT CHANGES THE POLICY. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.

Additional Insured - Owners, Lessees or Contractor Ongoing Operations - Scheduled Person or Organization (City of Richmond)
This endorsement modifies insurance provided under the following:

ENVIRONMENTAL COMBINED POLICY

SCHEDULE
Name of Person or Organization:

City of Richmond, its officers, officials, employees, agents and volunteers Attn: Risk Manager
450 Civic Center Plaza, STE 310
Richmond, CA 94804
I SECTION III – WHO IS AN INSURED is amended to include as an insured the person or organization shown in the SCHEDULE, but only with respect to liability arising out of your ongoing operations performed for that insured.

II. With respect to the insurance afforded to these additional insureds, the following exclusion is added:

2. Exclusions
This insurance does not apply to bodily injury or property damage occurring after:
(1) All work, including materials, parts or equipment furnished in connection with such work, on the project (other than service, maintenance or repairs) to be performed by or on behalf of the additional insured(s) at the site of the covered operations has been completed; or
(2) That portion of your work out of which the injury or damage arises has been put to its intended use by any person or organization other than another contractor or subcontractor engaged in performing operations for a principal as a part of the same project.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 549
BSUM-1200 (10-21) Page 2 of 2
III. SECTION VII – CONDITION 10. – Other Insurance is amended by the addition of the following which supersedes any provision to the contrary:

Primary And Noncontributory Insurance
This insurance is primary to and will not seek contribution from any other insurance available to a person(s) or organization(s) included as an additional insured under this endorsement provided that:

1. The additional insured person(s) or organization(s) is a Named Insured under such other insurance; and

2. You have agreed in writing in a contract or agreement that this insurance would be primary and would not seek contribution from any other insurance available to the additional insured person(s) or organization(s).

IV. This shall be the only additional insured ongoing operations endorsement on this policy that applies to the person(s) or organization(s) designated in the SCHEDULE. This SCHEDULED person or organization format additional insured endorsement supersedes any AUTOMATIC STATUS format additional insured endorsement on this policy with regard to the coverage provided herein.

Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission.

All other terms and conditions remain unchanged.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 550
BSUM-1200 (10-21) Page 1 of 2

POLICY CHANGES
POLICY CHANGE NUMBER:

POLICY NUMBER
ECPO1521598

POLICY CHANGES EFFECTIVE
3/26/2025

COMPANY
Nautilus Insurance Company

NAMED INSURED
Haley & Aldrich Inc
70 Blanchard Rd
Burlington, MA 01803

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
COVERAGE PARTS AFFECTED:

Environmental Combined Policy
THIS ENDORSEMENT CHANGES THE POLICY. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.

Additional Insured - Owners, Lessees or Contractors Completed Operations - Scheduled Person or Organization (City of Richmond)
This endorsement modifies insurance provided under the following:

ENVIRONMENTAL COMBINED POLICY

SCHEDULE
Name of Person or Organization:

City of Richmond, its officers, officials, employees, agents and volunteers Attn: Risk Manager
450 Civic Center Plaza, STE 310
Richmond, CA 94804
Location And Description of Completed Operations:

All completed operations of covered operations performed by or on behalf of the Named Insured.

I. SECTION III – WHO IS AN INSURED is amended to include as an insured the person or organization shown in the SCHEDULE, but only with respect to liability arising out of your work at the location designated and described in the SCHEDULE of this endorsement performed for that insured and included in the products-completed operations hazard.

II. SECTION VII – CONDITION 10. – Other Insurance is amended by the addition of the following which supersedes any provision to the contrary:

Primary And Noncontributory Insurance
This insurance is primary to and will not seek contribution from any other insurance available to a person(s) or organization(s) included as an additional insured under this endorsement provided that:

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 551
BSUM-1200 (10-21) Page 2 of 2

1. The additional insured person(s) or organization(s) is a Named Insured under such other insurance; and

2. You have agreed in writing in a contract or agreement that this insurance would be primary and would not seek contribution from any other insurance available to the additional insured person(s) or organization(s).

III. This shall be the only additional insured completed operations endorsement on this policy that applies to the person(s) or organization(s) designated in the SCHEDULE. This SCHEDULED person or organization format additional insured endorsement supersedes any AUTOMATIC STATUS format additional insured endorsement on this policy with regard to the coverage provided herein.

Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission.

All other terms and conditions remain unchanged.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 552
ECP 1262 01 21 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission. Page 1 of 1 THIS ENDORSEMENT CHANGES THE POLICY. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.

WAIVER OF SUBROGATION
(TRANSFER OF RIGHTS OF RECOVERY AGAINST OTHERS TO US)

DESIGNATED PERSON(S) OR ORGANIZATION(S) - COVERAGE A, B & D Policy Number Policy Effective Date Policy Expiration Date Endorsement Effective Date
ECPO1521598 1/1/2025 1/1/2026 1/1/2025
This endorsement modifies insurance provided under the following:

ENVIRONMENTAL COMBINED POLICY

SCHEDULE
Name of Person(s) or Organization(s): As required by written contract executed prior to any claim or "suit"
I. The following is added to Paragraph 17. Subrogation of SECTION VII – CONDITIONS:

We waive any right of recovery against any person(s) or organization(s) shown in the SCHEDULE above because of payments we make under COVERAGE A – BODILY INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE LIABILITY, COVERAGE B – PERSONAL AND ADVERTISING INJURY LIABILITY, and COVERAGE D – CONTRACTORS POLLUTION LIABILITY under this policy.

Such waiver by us applies only if:

1. The insured has agreed in writing in a contract or agreement with such person(s) or organization(s) to waive its right of recovery; and

2. The insured has waived its right of recovery against such person(s) or organization(s) prior to loss.

This endorsement applies only to the person(s) or organization(s) shown in the SCHEDULE above.

This waiver does not apply in any jurisdiction where such waiver is held to be illegal or against public policy or in any situation where the person(s) or organization(s) against whom subrogation is to be waived is found to be solely negligent.

ALL OTHER TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE POLICY SHALL APPLY AND REMAIN UNCHANGED.

Haley & Aldrich Eff: 1/1/25-1/1/26
GL Policy# ECPO1521598
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 553
CA 20 48 10 13 © InsuranceServices Office, Inc., 2011 Page 1 of 1

COMMERCIAL AUTO
CA 20 48 10 13
THIS ENDORSEMENT CHANGES THE POLICY. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.

DESIGNATED INSURED FOR

COVERED AUTOS LIABILITY COVERAGE
This endorsement modifies insurance provided under the following:

AUTO DEALERS COVERAGE FORM

BUSINESS AUTO COVERAGE FORM

MOTOR CARRIER COVERAGE FORM
With respect to coverage provided by this endorsement, the provisions of the Coverage Form apply unless modified by this endorsement.

This endorsement identifies person(s) or organization(s) who are "insureds" for Covered Autos Liability Coverage under the Who Is An Insured provision of the Coverage Form. This endorsement does notalter coverage provided in the Coverage Form.

SCHEDULE
Name Of Person(s) Or Organization(s):

Any person or organization where the Named Insured has agreed by written contract to include such person or organization as a Designated Insured
Information requiredto complete this Schedule, if not shown above, willbe shown in the Declarations.

Each person or organization shown in the Schedule is
an "insured" for Covered Autos Liability Coverage, but
only to the extent that person or organization qualifies as an "insured" under the Who Is An Insured provision
contained in Paragraph A.1. of Section II
Covered
Autos Liability Coverage in the Business Auto and
Motor Carrier Coverage Forms and Paragraph D.2. of
Section I Covered Autos Coverages of the Auto
Dealers Coverage Form.

Haley & Aldrich Eff: 1/1/25-1/1/26
POLICY NUMBER: AS2-Z11-254100025
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 554
AC 84 23 08 11 © 2010, Liberty Mutual Group of Companies. All rights reserved.

Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., with its permission.

THIS ENDORSEMENT CHANGES THE POLICY. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.

DESIGNATED INSURED - NONCONTRIBUTING
This endorsement modifies insurance provided under the following:

BUSINESS AUTO COVERAGE FORM

GARAGE COVERAGE FORM

MOTOR CARRIERS COVERAGE FORM

TRUCKERS COVERAGE FORM
With respect to coverage provided by this endorsement, the provisions of the Coverage Form apply unless modified by this endorsement.

This endorsement identifies person(s) or organization(s) who are "insureds" under the Who Is An Insured Provision of the Coverage Form. This endorsement does not alter coverage provided in the Coverage form.

Schedule
Name of Person(s) or Organizations(s):

As Required by Written Contract
Regarding Designated Contract or Project:

Each person or organization shown in the Schedule of this endorsement is an "insured" for Liability Coverage, but only to the extent that person or organization qualifies as an "insured" under the Who Is An Insured Provision contained in Section II of the Coverage Form.

The following is added to the Other Insurance Condition:

If you have agreed in a written agreement that this policy will be primary and without right of contribution from any insurance in force for an Additional Insured for liability arising out of your operations, and the agreement was executed prior to the "bodily injury" or "property damage", then this insurance will be primary and we will not seek contribution from such insurance.

Haley & Aldrich Eff: 1/1/25-1/1/26
Policy Number: AS2-Z11-254100025
Issued by: Liberty Mutual Fire Insurance Co.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 555
AC 04 0209 17 © 2017 Liberty Mutual Insurance Page 1 of 1 THIS ENDORSEMENT CHANGES THE POLICY. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.

WAIVER OF TRANSFER OF RIGHTS OF RECOVERY AGAINST OTHERS TO US This endorsement modifies insurance provided under the following:

AUTO DEALERS COVERAGE FORM

BUSINESS AUTO COVERAGE FORM

MOTOR CARRIER COVERAGE FORM
With respect to coverage provided by this endorsement, the provisions of the Coverage Form apply unless modified by this endorsement.

Schedule
Premium: $ Included
Name Of Person Or Organization: Where Required by Written Contract The Transfer Of Rights Of Recovery Against Others To Us condition is amended by the addition of the following:

We waive any right of recovery we may have against the person or organization listed in the schedule of this endorsement because of payments we make for injury or damage arising out or your operations of a c overed auto. This waiver applies only to the person or organization listed in the schedule of this endorsement.

Haley & Aldrich Eff:1/1/25-1/1/26
Policy Number AS2-Z1 1-254100025
Issued by Liberty Mutual Fire Insurance Co.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 556

FOLLOW FORM EXCESS LIABILITY COVERAGE FORM
Various provisions in this policy restrict coverage. Read the entire policy carefully to determine rights, duties and what is and is not covered.

Throughout this policy the words "you" and "your" refer to the Named Insured shown in the Declarations, and any other person or organization qualifying as a Named Insured under this policy. The words "we", "us" and "our'' refer lo the company providing this insurance. The word "insured" means any person or organization qualifying as such under the controlling underlying insurance.

Other words and phrases that appear in bold in this Coverage Form have special meaning. Refer lo Section IV- Definitions.

Other words and phrases that are not defined under this Coverage Form but defined in the controlling underlying insurance will have the meaning described in the policy of controlling underlying insurance.

This policy is subject lo the same representations and warranties as are contained in the application for any controlling underlying insurance, and the insurance provided under this Coverage Form will follow the same terms, conditions, agreements, exclusions, definitions and limitations that are contained in the applicable controlling underlying insurance, unless otherwise directed by this insurance. To the extent such provisions differ or conflict, the provisions of this Coverage Form will apply. However, the coverage provided under this Coverage Form will not be broader than that provided by the applicable controlling underlying insurance.

There may be more than one controlling underlying insurance listed in the Declarations and provisions in those policies conflict, and which are not superseded by the provisions of this Coverage Form. In such a case, the terms, conditions, agreements, exclusions, definitions and /imitations of the controlling underlying insurance applicable to the particular event for which a claim is made or suit is brought will apply.

SECTION I - COVERAGES

1. Insuring Agreement
a. We will pay on behalf of the insured the ultimate net loss in excess of the retained limit for injury or damage lo which insurance provided under this Coverage Form applies, however, coverage under this policy will not be available unless and until the full amount of all controlling underlying insurance has been exhausted by the actual payment by the controlling underlying insurer of the applicable retained limit as shown in the Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance. Where the controlling underlying insurance has the duly lo defend, we will have the right and duty lo defend the insured against any suit seeking damages for such injury or damage under this Coverage Form when the applicable limits of controlling underlying insurance have been exhausted through the payment of the underlying limits in full in accordance with the provisions of such controlling underlying insurance.

When we have no duly to defend, we will have the right lo defend, or lo participate in the defense of, the insured against any other suit seeking damages for injury or damage.

However, we will have no duly to defend the insured against any suit seeking damages for which insurance under this policy does not apply.

At our discretion, we may investigate any event that may involve this insurance and settle any resultant claim or suit, for which we have the duly to defend.

But:
(1) The amount we will pay for ultimate net loss is limited as described in Section II - Limits Of Insurance; and (2) Our right and duty lo defend ends when we have used up the applicable limit of insurance in the payment of defense costs, judgments or settlements under this Coverage Form. b. This insurance applies to injury or damage that is subject to an applicable retained limit. If any other limit, such as a sublimit, is specified in the controlling underlying insurance, this insurance does not apply to injury or damage arising out of that exposure unless that limit is specified in the Declarations under the Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance.

FFX 8000 02 22 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission. Page 1 of7 Haley & Aldrich
Policy # FFX1521599
Eff: 1/1/25-1/1/26
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 557
Furthermore, if any controlling underlying insurance shown in the Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance (SCHEDULE) attached hereto has a limit of liability:
(1) Greater than the amount shown in such Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance, then this policy will apply in excess of the greater amount; or
(2) Less than the amount shown in such Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance, then this policy will apply in excess of the amount shown in such Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance. c. (1) If the controlling underlying insurance requires, for a particular claim, that the injury or damage occur during its policy period in order for that coverage to apply, then this insurance will only apply to that injury or damage if it occurs during the policy period of this Coverage Form. If the controlling underlying insurance requires that the event causing the particular injury or damage takes place during its policy period in order for that coverage to apply, then this insurance will apply to the claim only if the event causing that injury or damage takes place during the policy period of this Coverage Form. (2) If any controlling underlying insurance is written on a claims-made or discovery basis, the following applies to the insurance provided by this Coverage Form which is excess over that underlying insurance:

If the controlling underlying insurance requires, for a particular claim, that the injury or damage occur on or after the Retroactive Date shown in the Declarations of that insurance in order for that coverage to apply, then this insurance will only apply to that injury or damage which occurs on or after the Retroactive Date shown in the controlling underlying insurance but before the end of the policy period of this Coverage Form. If the controlling underlying insurance requires, for a particular claim, that the event causing the particular injury or damage takes place on or after the Retroactive Date shown in the Declarations of that insurance in order for that coverage to apply, then this insurance will apply to the claim only if the event causing that injury or damage takes place on or after the Retroactive Date shown in the controlling underlying insurance but before the end of the policy period of this Coverage Form.

A claim for damages for such injury or damage must be first made against the insured during this policy period or any extended reporting period provided under this Coverage Form. A claim will be considered first made under this Coverage Form:
(1) When notice of such claim is received and recorded by any insured or by us, whichever comes first, if the controlling underlying insurance is written on a claims-made and recorded basis; or (2) When notice of such claim, after being received by any insured, is reported to us in writing, if the controlling underlying insurance is written on any other claims-made basis. d. Any additional insured under any policy of controlling underlying insurance will automatically be an additional insured under this insurance, but only to the extent consistent with the Construction Anti-indemnity Statute(s) held in the applicable jurisdiction. If coverage provided to the additional insured is required by a contract or agreement, the most we will pay on behalf of the additional insured is the lesser of the amount of insurance required by the contract or agreement, or the Each Occurrence Limit of this policy, less any amounts payable by any controlling underlying insurance.

Additional insured coverage provided by this insurance will not be broader than coverage provided by the controlling underlying insurance.

2. Exclusions
The following exclusions, and any other exclusions added by endorsement, apply to this Coverage Form. In addition, the exclusions applicable to any controlling underlying insurance apply to this insurance unless superseded by the following exclusions, or superseded by any other exclusions added by endorsement to this Coverage Form.

Insurance provided under this Coverage Form does not apply to Injury or damage, costs and expenses, because of, caused by or arising out of, either directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, by:
a. Auto
Any loss, cost or expense payable under or resulting from any of the following auto coverages:
(1) First-party physical damage coverage;
(2) No-fault coverage;
(3) Personal injury protection or auto medical payments coverage; or (4) Uninsured or underinsured motorists' coverage.

FFX 8000 02 22 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission. Page 2 of7 Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 558
b. Medical Payments
Medical payments coverage or expenses that are provided without regard to fault, whether or not provided by the applicable controlling underlying insurance.
c. Workers' Compensation And Similar Laws
Any obligation of the insured under a workers' compensation, disability benefits or unemployment compensation law or any similar law.

SECTION II - LIMITS OF INSURANCE

1. The Limits of Insurance shown in the Declarations, and the rules below fix the most we will pay regardless of the number of:
a. Insureds;
b. Claims made or suits brought, or number of vehicles involved; c. Persons or organizations making claims or bringing suits; or d. Limits available under any controlling underlying insurance.

2. The Limits of Insurance of this Coverage Form will apply as follows:
a. This insurance only applies in excess of the retained limit. b. The Aggregate Limit is the most we will pay for all ultimate net loss, for all injury or damage including defense costs covered under this Coverage Form. Defense costs are part of, and not in addition to, the limits of insurance, and the payment of defense costs reduces the limits of insurance.

However, this Aggregate Limit only applies to injury or damage that is subject to an aggregate limit of insurance under the controlling underlying insurance.
c. Subject to Paragraph 2.b. above, the Each Occurrence Limit is the most we will pay for all ultimate net loss including defense costs under this insurance for all injury or damage arising out of any one event. Defense costs are part of, and not in addition to, the limits of insurance, and the payment of defense costs reduces the limits of insurance.

3. If any controlling underlying insurance has a policy period that is different from the policy period of this Coverage Form then, for the purposes of this insurance, the retained limit will only be reduced or exhausted by actual payment(s) made in full by the controlling underlying insurer for injury or damage covered under this insurance.

4. The Limits of Insurance shown in the Declarations will not ever be reinstated.

SECTION Ill - CONDITIONS
The following conditions apply. In addition, the conditions applicable to any controlling underlying insurance are also applicable to the coverage provided under this insurance unless superseded by the following conditions.

1. Appeals
If the controlling underlying insurer or insured elects not to appeal a judgment in excess of the amount of the retained limit, we may do so at our own expense. We will also pay for taxable court costs, pre-and post-judgment interest and disbursements associated with such appeal. In no event will this provision increase our liability beyond the applicable Limits of Insurance described in Section II - Limits Of Insurance.

2. Bankruptcy
a. Bankruptcy Of Insured
Bankruptcy or insolvency of the insured or of the insured's estate will not relieve us of our obligations under this Coverage Form.
b. Bankruptcy Of Controlling Underlying Insurer
Bankruptcy or insolvency of the controlling underlying insurer will not relieve us of our obligations under this Coverage Form.

However, insurance provided under this Coverage Form will not replace any controlling underlying insurance in the event of bankruptcy or insolvency of the controlling underlying insurer. The insurance provided under this Coverage Form will apply as if the controlling underlying insurance were in full effect and recoverable.

FFX 8000 02 22 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission. Page 3 of7 -------------------------------
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 559

3. Duties In The Event Of An Event, Claim Or Suit
a. You must see to it that we are notified as soon as practicable of an event, regardless of the amount, which may result in a claim under this insurance. To the extent possible, notice should include:
(1) How, when and where the event took place;
(2) The names and addresses of any injured persons and witnesses; and (3) The nature and location of any injury or damage arising out of the event. b. If a claim is made or suit is brought against any insured, you must:
(1) Immediately record the specifics of the claim or suit and the date received; and (2) Notify us as soon as practicable.

You must see to it that we receive written notice of the claim or suit as soon as practicable. c. You and any other insured involved must:
(1) Immediately send us copies of any demands, notices, summonses or legal papers received in connection with the claim or suit;
(2) Authorize us to obtain records and other information; (3) Cooperate with us in the investigation or settlement of the claim or defense against the suit; and (4) Assisi us, upon our request, in the enforcement of any right against any person or organization which may be liable to the insured because of injury or damage to which this insurance may also apply. d. No insured will do or omit to do anything to prejudice our rights under this Coverage Form, and no insured will, except at that insured's own cost, voluntarily make a payment, assume any obligation, or incur any expense, other than for first aid, without our consent.

4. First Named Insured Duties
The first Named Insured is the person or organization first named in the Declarations and is responsible for the payment of all premiums. The first Named Insured will act on behalf of all other Named Insureds for giving and receiving of notice of cancellation or the receipt of any return premium that may become payable. At our request, the first Named Insured will furnish us, as soon as practicable, with a complete copy of any controlling underlying insurance and any subsequently issued endorsements or policies which may in any way affect the insurance provided under this Coverage Form.

5. Cancellation
a. The first Named Insured shown in the Declarations may cancel this policy by mailing or delivering to us advance written notice of cancellation.
b. We may cancel this policy by mailing or delivering to the first Named Insured written notice of cancellation at least:
(1) 10 days before the effective date of cancellation if we cancel for nonpayment of premium; or (2) 30 days before the effective date of cancellation if we cancel for any other reason. c. We will mail or deliver our notice to the first Named lnsured's last mailing address known to us. d. Notice of cancellation will state the effective date of cancellation. The policy period will end on that date. e. If this policy is cancelled, we will send the first Named Insured any premium refund due. If we cancel, the refund will be pro rata. If the first Named Insured cancels, the refund may be less than pro rata. The cancellation will be effective even ifwe have not made or offered a refund.
f. If notice is mailed, proof of mailing will be sufficient proof of notice.

6. Changes
This Coverage Form contains all the agreements between you and us concerning the insurance afforded. The first Named Insured is authorized by all other insureds to make changes in the terms of this Coverage Form with our consent.

No change in, modification of, or assignment of interest under this Coverage Form shall be effective except when made by written endorsement to this Coverage Form which is signed by our authorized representative. This Coverage Form shall become subject to any changes upon the effective date of the changes in the controlling underlying insurance, but only upon the condition that we agree to follow such changes by written endorsement attached hereto and the FFX 8000 02 22 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission. Page 4 of 7 Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 560
Insured pays when due any additional premium required by us relating to such changes and / or agrees to any amendment of the provisions of this Coverage Form required by us relating to such changes.

7. Maintenance Of/ Changes To Controlling Underlying Insurance The insured warrants that the retained limit, where applicable, as shown in the Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance, shall be unimpaired as of the effective date of this policy.

Any controlling underlying insurance must be maintained in full effect without reduction of coverage or limits except for the reduction of aggregate limits in accordance with the provisions of such controlling underlying insurance that results from injury or damage to which this insurance applies.

Such exhaustion or reduction is not a failure to maintain controlling underlying insurance.

The Insured, not the Insurer, will bear the risk that any controlling underlying insurance is or may be uncollectible.

This Coverage Form will not drop down for any reason, including, but not limited to, the uncollectibility (in whole or in part) of the controlling underlying insurance, even if such uncollectibility is due to the financial impairment or insolvency of the issuer of any controlling underlying insurance. Coverage under this policy will not be available unless and until all controlling underlying insurance has been exhausted by the actual payment by the controlling underlying insurer of the applicable retained limit as shown in the Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance.

The first Named Insured must notify us in writing with full particulars as soon as practicable in the event:
a. Any controlling underlying insurance is cancelled, not renewed, replaced or otherwise terminated; b. The limits or scope of coverage of any controlling underlying insurance is changed; c. The aggregate limits of liability of any controlling underlying insurance become exhausted; d. Any controlling underlying insurance is not maintained in full effect during the policy period; or e. Any insurer issuing any controlling underlying insurance becomes subject to receivership, liquidation, dissolution, rehabilitation, or similar proceeding or being taken over by any regulatory authority.

8. Other Insurance
a. This insurance is excess over, and shall not contribute with any of the other insurance, whether primary, excess, contingent or on any other basis. This condition will not apply to insurance specifically written as excess over this Coverage Form.

When this insurance is excess, if no other insurer defends, we may undertake to do so, but we will be entitled to the insured's rights against all those other insurers.
b. When this insurance is excess over other insurance, we will pay only our share of the ultimate net loss that exceeds:
(1) The total amount that all such other insurance would pay for the loss in the absence of the insurance provided under this Coverage Form; plus
(2) The total of all deductible and self-insured amounts under all that other insurance.

9. Premium Audit
a. We will compute all premiums for this Coverage Form in accordance with our rules and rates. b. If this policy is auditable, the premium shown in this Coverage Form as advance premium is a deposit premium only. At the close of each audit period, we will compute the earned premium for that period and send notice to the first Named Insured. The due date for audit premium is the date shown as the due date on the bill. If the sum of the advance and audit premiums paid for the policy period is greater than the earned premium, we will return the excess to the first Named Insured.
c. The first Named Insured must keep records of the information we need for premium computation, and send us copies at such times as we may request.

10. Loss Payable
Liability under this Coverage Form does not apply to a given claim unless and until:
a. The insured or insured's controlling underlying insurer has become obligated to pay the retained limit; b. The full amount of the applicable retained limit described in a. above has been exhausted as a result of actual payment made in full by a controlling underlying insurer; and FFX 8000 02 22 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission. Page 5 of7 Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 561
c. The obligation of the insured to pay the ultimate net loss in excess of the retained limit has been determined by a final settlement or judgment or written agreement among the insured, claimant, controlling underlying insurer (or a representative of one or more of these) and us, and first-party claim amount that we, at our sole discretion, agree in writing to be necessary and reasonable.

11. Legal Action Against Us
No person or organization has a right under this Coverage Form:
a. To join us as a party or otherwise bring us into a SUIT asking for damages from an insured; or b. To sue us on this Coverage Fonm unless all of its tenms have been fully complied with.

A person or organization may sue us to recover on an agreed settlement or on a final judgment against an insured; but we will not be liable for damages that are not payable under the tenms of this Coverage Form or that are in excess of the applicable limit of insurance. An agreed settlement means a settlement and release of liability signed by us, the insured, controlling underlying insurer and the claimant or the claimant's legal representative.

12. Transfer Of Defense
a. Defense Transferred To Us
When the limits of controlling underlying insurance have been exhausted, in accordance with the provisions of controlling underlying insurance, we may elect to have the defense transferred to us. We will cooperate in the transfer of control to us of any outstanding claims or suits seeking damages to which this insurance applies and which would have been covered by the controlling underlying insurance had the applicable limit not been exhausted.
b. Defense Transferred By Us
When our limits of insurance have been exhausted our duty to provide a defense will cease.

We will cooperate in the transfer of control of defense to any insurer specifically written as excess over this Coverage Form of any outstanding claims or SUITS seeking damages to which this insurance applies and which would have been covered by the controlling underlying insurance had the applicable limit not been exhausted.

In the event that there is no insurance written as excess over this Coverage Fonm, we will cooperate in the transfer of control to the insured and its designated representative.

13. When We Do Not Renew
lfwe decide not to renew this Coverage Form, we will mail or deliver to the first Named Insured shown in the Declarations written notice of the nonrenewal not less than 30 days before the expiration date.

If notice is mailed, proof of mailing will be sufficient proof of notice.

14. Claims-Made Extended Reporting Period
a. Any provisions under the controlling underlying insurance relating to an Extended Reporting Period for which a separate premium charge is made do not apply to this insurance, unless an Extended Reporting Period is purchased under this insurance.
b. An Extended Reporting Period, consistent with the tenms, conditions and duration of any Extended Reporting Period available in accordance with the tenms of any controlling underlying insurance, will be available for this Coverage Form by endorsement, for an additional charge, if:
(1) This policy is cancelled or not renewed; or
(2) This policy is renewed or replaced with insurance that:
i. Has a Retroactive Date later than the date shown in the controlling underlying insurance; or ii. Does not apply to injury or damage on a claims-made basis. c. If this policy and the controlling underlying insurance are cancelled or not renewed and an Extended Reporting Period has been provided under the controlling underlying insurance, then an Extended Reporting Period will be available for this Coverage Fonm. The Extended Reporting Period available under this Coverage Form will be consistent with the terms, conditions and duration of any Extended Reporting Period provided in accordance with the tenms of the controlling underlying insurance.

FFX 8000 02 22 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission. Page 6 of7 Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 562
d. You must give us a written request for the Extended Reporting Period endorsement under this Coverage Form no later than the time allowed to purchase such endorsement under the controlling underlying insurance. The Extended Reporting Period will not go into effect unless you pay the additional premium promptly when due and any premium you owe us for coverage provided under this policy. e. We will determine the additional premium in accordance with our rules and rates. In doing so, we may take into account the following:
(1) The exposures insured;
(2) Previous types and amounts of insurance;
(3) Limits of Insurance available under this policy for future payment of damages; and (4) Other related factors.

15. Notices
All notices under this policy shall be given as provided for in the controlling underlying insurance. In addition, all notices to us under this policy shall be sent to the address below or any substitute address as provided by us:

Berkley Environmental
Attention: Claims Department
101 Hudson Street, Suite 2500
Jersey City, New Jersey 07302

SECTION IV - DEFINITIONS
The definitions applicable to any controlling underlying insurance also apply to this insurance. In addition, the following definitions apply.

1. Actual payment means remittance in currency, not credits or debits, from a controlling underlying insurer to an insured or a claimant.

2. Controlling underlying insurance means any policy of insurance or self-insurance listed in the Declarations under the Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance.

3. Controlling underlying insurer means any insurer who provides any policy of insurance listed in the Declarations under the Schedule of Controlling Underlying Insurance.

4. Defense Costs means any reasonable and necessary fees charged by an attorney and designated by the company, and where the insured has the right to select independent counsel, the rates we would actually pay to counsel that we retain in the ordinary course of business in the defense of a similar claim or suit in the community where the claim or suit arose or is being defended, as well as other reasonable and necessary costs, including expert witness and court reporters, in connection with the investigation, adjustment, settlement, defense or appeal of a claim or suit. It does not include the salaries of our regular employees or supeNisory counsel retained by us, or any cost or expense incurred by the insured in assisting in the investigation or defense of the claim or suit.

5. Event means an occurrence, offense, accident, act, discovery, claim or suit or other event, to which the applicable controlling underlying insurance applies.

6. Injury or damage means any injury or damage, covered in the applicable controlling underlying insurance arising from an event.

7. Retained limit means the available limits of controlling underlying insurance applicable to the claim.

8. Ultimate net Joss means the amount covered by this Coverage Form, after reduction for recoveries, or salvages collectible, that the insured becomes legally obligated to pay as damages by reason of:
a. Defense costs, settlements, judgments, binding arbitration; plus b. Other binding alternate dispute resolution proceeding entered into with our consent, plus c. Any first-party claim amount that we, at our sole discretion, agree in writing to be necessary and reasonable.

FFX 8000 02 22 Includes copyrighted material of Insurance Services Office, Inc., used with its permission. Page 7 of? Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 563
FFX 8063 06 22 Page 1 of 1
THIS ENDORSEMENT CHANGES THE POLICY. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.ORDER OF COVERAGE AND CONTRIBUTION – OTHER INSURANCE CONDITION AUTOMATIC STATUSPolicy NumberPolicy Effective DatePolicy Expiration DateEndorsement Effective DateFFX1521599-24 1/1/2025 1/1/2026 1/1/2025This endorsement modifies insurance provided under the following:FOLLOW FORM EXCESS LIABILITY COVERAGE FORMParagraph 8. Other Insurance of SECTION III – CONDITIONS is deleted and replaced by the following: 8. Other Insurancea.This insurance is excess over, and shall not contribute with any of the other insurance, whether primary, excess, contingent or on any other basis. However:(1)This condition will not apply to other insurance specifically written as excess over this Coverage Form.(2)If you specifically agree in a written contract or written agreement, in effect during this policy period, that the insurance provided to any person(s) or organization(s) that qualifies as an additional insured under this insurance must apply on a primary basis, or a primary and noncontributory basis, then insurance under this policy is subject to the following provisions:i. This insurance will apply before any other insurance that is available to such additional insured which covers that person or organization as a Named Insured; andii. We will not seek contribution from that other insurance, provided that the injury or damage for which coverage is sought is caused by an event that takes place or is committed subsequent to the signing of that contract or agreement by you.However, this provision does not apply if the other insurance available to the additional insured person(s) or organization(s) is Owners and Contractors Protective Liability, Railroad Protective Liability, or similar project-specific, primary insurance.This insurance, in all cases, will always apply after the Commercial Liability Coverages shown in the Schedule of Underlying Insurance.When this insurance is excess, if no other insurer defends, we may undertake to do so, but we will be entitled to the insured’s rights against all those other insurers.b.When this insurance is excess over other insurance, we will pay only our share of the ultimate net loss that exceeds:(1)The total amount that all such other insurance would pay for the loss in the absence of the insurance provided under this Coverage Form; plus(2)The total of all deductible and self-insured amounts under all that other insurance.ALL OTHER TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE POLICY SHALL APPLY AND REMAIN UNCHANGED.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 564
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 565
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 566
Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 567
Contract No: ________ For the Contract between the City of Richmond and
_____________________________

EXHIBIT G

SANCTUARY CITY COMPLIANCE STATEMENT
The undersigned, (hereafter "Contractor"), has had an opportunity to review the requirements of City of Richmond Ordinance 12-18 (hereafter "Sanctuary City Contracting Ordinance" or “SCCO”).

Contractor understands and agrees that the City may choose with whom it will maintain business relations and may refrain from contracting with any person or entity that provides Data Broker or Extreme Vetting services to the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Division of the United States Department of Homeland Security (“ICE”). Contractor understands the meaning of the following terms used in the SCCO:
a. "Data Broker” means either of the following:
i. The collection of information, including personal information about consumers, from a wide variety of sources for the purposes of reselling such information to their customers, which include both private-sector business and government agencies;
ii. The aggregation of data that was collected for another purpose from that for which it is ultimately used.
b. “Extreme Vetting” means data mining, threat modeling, predictive risk analysis, or other similar services."
Contractor understands that it is not eligible to receive or retain a City contract if at the time the Contract is executed, or at any time during the term of the Contract, it provides Data Broker or Extreme Vetting services to ICE.

Contractor further understands and agrees that Contractor's failure to comply with the SCCO shall constitute a material default of the Contract and the City Manager may terminate the Contract and bar Contractor from bidding on future contracts with the City for five (5) years from the effective date of the contract termination.

By executing this statement, Contractor certifies that it complies with the requirements of the SCCO and that if at any time during the term of the Contract it ceases to comply, Contractor will promptly notify the City Manager in writing. Any person or entity who knowingly or willingly supplies false information in violation of the SCCO shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to a $1,000 fine.

Based on the foregoing, the undersigned declares under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the foregoing is true and correct.

Printed Name: Title:

Signed: Date:

Business Entity:
7388
Haley and Aldrich, Inc.

Docusign Envelope ID: 10445275-A2ED-4027-8D0A-DC581A9CE909 Haley & Aldrich
Scott Zorn
4/14/2025
Vice President
568

Reso. No. _____

RESOLUTION NO. ______

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RICHMOND,

CALIFORNIA, APPROVING A BUDGET TRANSFER WITHIN THE PORT FUND AND

AUTHORIZING A FIRST CONTRACT AMENDMENT WITH HALEY AND ALDRICH, INC. TO SECURE PERMITTING SERVICES AND PROVIDE COMMUNITY

OUTREACH RELATED TO THE DREDGE PERMITTING PROJECT

WHEREAS, the Port of Richmond is responsible for maintaining federally and locally required water depths at City-owned berth areas through regular maintenance dredging; and

WHEREAS, on February 25, 2025, the City Council approved a contract with Haley and Aldrich, Inc. in the amount of $254,100 to provide technical services and permitting support for maintenance dredging at Terminal Two, the Point Potrero Marine Terminal (PPMT) Berths Seven and Eight, the Marina Bay Yacht Harbor, and to conduct a slope analysis at Terminal Two; and

WHEREAS, additional work has been identified during the early phases of the project, including expedited chemistry analysis, preparation of a separate Montezuma Wetlands report, and support for community outreach meetings, as requested by the City Council; and

WHEREAS, a contract amendment in the amount of $25,200 is necessary to address this expanded scope of work, bringing the total not-to-exceed contract amount to $279,300; and

WHEREAS, the Port of Richmond requests a budget transfer from the Port Fund in the amount of $25,200 to fund the first amendment to the contract with Haley and Aldrich, Inc.;

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Richmond hereby approves a budget transfer in the amount of $25,200 from Account No. 40161080 – 400201 to Account No. 40163080 – 400642 – 36020 within the Port Fund to support expanded permitting and outreach activities associated with maintenance dredging; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council authorizes the Port Director or their designee to execute a first contract amendmen t with Haley and Aldrich, Inc. in the amount of $25,200, for a revised total not -to-exceed contract amount of $279,300, with a term ending June 30, 2026.
******************

***THE CLERK’S OFFICE WILL COMPLETE THE INFORMATION BELOW****

I certify that the foregoing resolution was passed and adopted by the City Council of the City of Richmond at a regular meeting thereof held on Mmmm dd, yyyy, by the following vote:

AYES: AYES:

NOES:

ABSTENTIONS:

ABSENT:

CLERK OF THE CITY OF RICHMOND
(SEAL)
Approved:

Mayor

569

Reso. No. _____

Approved as to form:

City Attorney

State of California }
County of Contra Costa : ss.

City of Richmond }

I certify that the foregoing is a true copy of Resolution No. _____, finally passed and adopted by the City Council of the City of Richmond at a regular meeting held on Mmmm dd, yyyy.

_______________________________________
Pamela Christian, Clerk of the City of Richmond
570

May 27, 2025

Fire Department

DATE: May 27, 2025
TO: Mayor Martinez and Members of the City Council
FROM:

Aaron Osorio, Fire Chief
Rico Rincon, Deputy Fire Chief

Subject:

Adopt Response Time Standards for the Richmond Fire
Department During Emergency Incidents
FINANCIAL IMPACT: There is no immediate financial impact associated with this item. However, eligibility for grant funding from the Contra Costa County Health Services – Emergency
Medical Services Agreement is contingent upon
recipients having established response time performance standards.

PREVIOUS COUNCIL
ACTION:

Click or tap here to enter text.

STATEMENT OF THE
ISSUE:

The Richmond Fire Department has a longstanding
policy establishing a target response time of six minutes or less. While this benchmark has guided operational
efforts, it has not been formally adopted as a standard.

Establishing this target within a nationally recognized framework, such as National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1710, will provide consistency, improve service
delivery, and align with the industry’s best standards. In addition, formal adoption will also position the City of Richmond to meet eligibility requirements for grant
funding programs that require defined performance
metrics.

AGENDA
REPORT
571

May 27, 2025
RECOMMENDED ACTION:

ADOPT a resolution establishing a Response Time
Standard for the Richmond Fire Department to guide
performance during emergency incidents – Fire
Department (Chief Aaron Osorio 510-307-8021/Rico
Rincon 510-307-8041).

DISCUSSION:

The Richmond Fire Department (“Department”) has historically operated with a six- minute target response time for all emergency incidents. However, formalizing this response time using nationally recognized standards will improve service delivery, enhance operational readiness, and ensure consistency in emergency response protocols. In addition, eligibility for grant funding such as through the Contra Costa County Health Services – Emergency Medical Services Agreement is contingent upon the Department having established response time performance standards.

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1710 establishes standards for the organization and deployment of fire suppression operations, emergency medical services, and special operations to the public by career fire departments. Specifically, NFPA 1710 defines response time objectives ranging from four to six minutes for emergency incidents.

Following the standards set forth in NFPA 1710, the City of Richmond intends to adopt service delivery objectives that include specific time benchmarks and target percentages of compliance. The key performance benchmarks for fire and emergency medical incidents are:

 Turnout Time: 60 seconds
 Response Time: Arrival of the first engine/truck company within 6 minutes (360 seconds) for 90% of emergency incidents

By establishing these benchmarks, the City of Richmond will formalize the Department’s longstanding six-minute response time goal while aligning with nationally recognized standards. These efforts will also improve service delivery, enhance operational readiness, and support continuous improvement through measurable performance goals.

SYNERGISTIC POLICIES:

Adopting a resolution to establish a response time standard aligns with the City Council strategic goal of improving public safety. Key provisions of the proposed standard will guide deployment, turnout time, and response times to ensure effective incident 572

May 27, 2025
mitigation. The standard is recognized throughout the fire service industry as a benchmark for fire service performance.

DOCUMENTS ATTACHED:

Attachment 1 – Resolution
Attachment 2 – NFPA 1710

573
RESOLUTION NO. ________

RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RICHMOND, CALIFORNIA,

TO ADOPT RESPONSE TIME STANDARDS FOR THE RICHMOND FIRE

DEPARTMENT DURING EMERGENCY INCIDENTS

WHEREAS, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is a widely recognized organization that develops codes and standards to reduce the risk and impact of fire and other hazards; and

WHEREAS, NFPA 1710 Standard for Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Career Fire Departments establishes a response time standard for all emergency responses between four minutes and six minutes; and

WHEREAS, the City of Richmond Fire Department has a longstanding policy establishing a target response time of six minutes or less for all emergency incidents; and

WHEREAS, adopting a response time standard will allow the City of Richmond to align with best practices in public safety service delivery, enhance operational readiness, and ensure consistency in emergency response standards.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, by the Council of the City of Richmond:

1. The City of Richmond shall adopt the NFPA 1710 Standard as the guiding framework for fire and emergency medical incident deployment and response performance of the Richmond Fire Department.

2. The City of Richmond shall establish key performance benchmarks for fire and emergency medical incident response times and deployment to ensure the safety of the public and emergency responders, including:
 Turnout Time: 60 seconds
 Response Time: Arrival of the first engine/truck company within 6 minutes (360 seconds) for 90% of emergency incidents.

3. The Fire Chief or designee is authorized to take necessary steps to integrate the established response evolutions standards into the department policies and procedures. *****************************
(This section to be completed by Clerk’s Office)

I certify that the foregoing resolution was passed and adopted by the City Council of the City of Richmond at a _________ meeting held on _____________ by the following vote:

AYES:
574

NOES:

ABSTENTIONS:

ABSENT:

________________________________________
Clerk of the City of Richmond

(SEAL)

Approved:

_______________________________
Mayor

Approved as to form:

____________________________
City Attorney

575
Origins
This edition of NFPA 1710, Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Career Fire Departments, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Fire and Emergency Service Organization and Deployment-Career. It was issued by the Standards Council on April 28, 2019, with an effective date of May 18, 2019, and supersedes all previous editions.

This document has been amended by one or more Tentative Interim Amendments (TIAs) and/or Errata. See “Codes & Standards” at www.nfpa.org for more information.

This edition of NFPA 1710 was approved as an American National Standard on May 18, 2019.

Origin and Development of NFPA 1710
In 2001, the first edition of NFPA 1710 was issued. The development of that benchmark standard was the result of a considerable amount of hard work and tenacity by the technical committee members and the organizations they represented. That standard was the first organized approach to defining levels of service, deployment capabilities, and staffing levels for substantially career fire departments. Research work and empirical studies in North America were used by the committee as a basis for developing response times and resource capabilities for those services, as identified by the fire department.

Following the issuance of the first edition, the NFPA Standards Council asked the technical committee to begin the revision process for a 2004 edition of the standard. The committee formed several task groups to look at various aspects of the document. However, recognizing that the standard had not been fully field tested, the extent of the changes proposed were minimal with a cleanup of definitions, the addition of wording regarding equivalency in the annex, and clarification that the discussion on rate of fire propagation in the annex involved unsprinklered rooms.

The 2010 edition of NFPA 1710 standardized and refined terminology and definitions used in the document. Particular attention was paid to terminology for time frames for the various events that occur from event initiation to the end of the fire department’s involvement with the incident.

This included recognition that there is a time interval to initiate action or intervene at the end of travel time and before control and mitigation actually begin.

The requirements for time frames for alarm handling were revised to correspond to changes being made to NFPA 1221. The time allowance for turnout for fires and special operations was lengthened to 80 seconds, but the time measurement was defined to start at the beginning of the transmission of response data to the emergency response units or emergency response facilities. All times shown as both minutes and seconds were changed to seconds only because that is the level of precision in which the committee intends time to be measured. An application section was added in Chapter 1. The travel times for units responding on the first alarm were clarified to indicate the first unit must arrive within 4 minutes travel time and all units must arrive within 8 minutes travel time. The quadrennial report required to be provided to the AHJ in the previous edition was changed to an annual report.
576
The annex material related to the requirement stated for an initial full alarm assignment capability was moved to the body of the standard to clarify that the requirement applies to a structure fire in a typical 2000 ft2 (186 m2), two-story single-family dwelling without basement and with no exposures. In addition, wording was added to require additional resources be deployed on fires in occupancies that present hazards greater than the two-story single-family dwelling. The community-wide risk management model that has been in an annex to NFPA 1710.

The work done by the committee provided the user with a template for developing an implementation plan on the standard. Most important, it provided the body politic and citizens a true picture of the risks in their communities and the fire departments’ capabilities to respond to and manage those risks.

In the 2016 edition, the committee added three new occupancies and the appropriate response staffing levels for garden-style apartment, open-air strip mall, and high-rise occupancies. In addition, redundant text was removed, and some language was clarified.

For the 2020 edition, the committee has updated the definition for career fire department and clarified how to determine if the department would fall under either NFPA 1710 or NFPA 1720.

The committee has also added several new definitions relating to geographic areas based on population density, and included the number of responders needed based on type of incident and tasks to accomplish. New requirements have been added for mobile water supply tankers/tenders. Requirements for deployment and training of incident safety officers have been added as well. And material on wildland fire suppression has been expanded.

577
Committee Personnel
• Technical Committee on Fire and Emergency Service Organization and Deployment- Career
• William W. Bryson, ChairPembroke Pines, FL [E]
Rep. Metropolitan Fire Chiefs-IAFC/NFPA
Thomas George Arnold, Fairfax County Fire Rescue, PA [E] Michael S. Digman, Metro West Fire Protection District, MO [U] Dave Downey, Miami Dade Fire Rescue, FL [E]
Rep. International Association of Fire Chiefs
Richard K. Fagan, Center for Public Safety Excellence, MO [SE] Anne M. Finn, League of Minnesota Cities, MN [C]
Rep. National League of Cities
Michael Grant, New Haven, CT [SE]
Thomas Hanify, The Professional Firefighters Union of Indiana, IN [L] Rep. International Association of Fire Fighters
Todd A. Harms, Sacramento Metro Fire Dist, CA [E]
Michael Haynes, U.S. Department of the Air Force, TX [E] Jason M. Hoevelmann, Florissant Valley Fire Protection District, MO [U] Dabney Hudson, DC Firefighters Association, DC [L]
Rep. International Association of Fire Fighters
Thomas C. Jenkins, Rogers Fire Department, AR [E]
Kevin P. Kuntz, Verisk Analytics/Insurance Services Office, Inc., NJ [I] Patrick Martin Lancton, International Association of Fire Fighters Local 341 (IAFF), TX [L] Frank A. Leeb, FDNY, NY [U]
Rep. Fire Department City of New York
Frank Lima, United Firefighters of Los Angeles City, CA [L] Richard L. Merrell, Fairfax County Fire & Rescue Department, VA [M] Rep. International Fire Service Training Association
Hugh O’Callaghan, Hamden Fire Department, CT [U]
578
Gary Rainey, Florida Professional Firefighters, FL [L]
Chris Ross, Association des Pompiers de Montreal Inc., Canada [L] Mark A. Sanders, Cincinnati Fire Fighters Local 48- IAFF 8th District, OH [L] L. Charles Smeby, University of Florida, FL [SE]
Donald H. J. Turno, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLC, SC [U] J. Curtis Varone, Public Agency Training Council, RI [SE] Andrew J. Vita, City of Fairfax Fire Department, VA [E] Jimm Walsh, Winter Park Fire Department, FL [U]
Rep. International Fire Marshals Association
Alternates
Matt Alter, Cincinnati Fire Fighters Union Local 48, OH [L] (Alt. to Mark A. Sanders)
Steve Beuerlein, Phoenix Fire Department, AZ [L]
(Alt. to Patrick Martin Lancton)
Eric Bridge, Sacramento Metropolitan Fire District, CA [E] (Alt. to Todd A. Harms)
William Brad Brown, Grand Rapids Fire Department, MI [E] (Voting Alt.)
Rachel Lynn Carlson, League Of Minnesota Cities, MN [C] (Alt. to Anne M. Finn)
Joseph Finn, Boston Fire Department, MA [E]
(Alt. to William W. Bryson)
Anthony Gamboa, United Firefighters of Los Angeles City, CA [L] (Alt. to Frank Lima)
Rob Hyndman, Ontario Professional Fire Fighter’s Association (PFFA), Canada [L] (Alt. to Dabney Hudson)
Donald Lombardi, West Metro Fire Rescue, CO [E]
(Alt. to Dave Downey)
Kevin McDonald, Springdale Fire Department, AR [E]
579
(Alt. to Thomas C. Jenkins)
Patrick J. Morrison, International Association of Fire Fighters, DC [L] (Alt. to Thomas Hanify)
Ken Holland, NFPA Staff Liaison
This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.

NOTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or any document developed by the committee on which the member serves.

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the organization, operation, deployment, and evaluation of substantially all career public fire protection and emergency medical services.

580
Chapter 1 – Administration

1.1* Scope.

This standard contains minimum requirements relating to the organization and deployment of fire suppression operations, emergency medical operations, and special operations to the public by career fire departments.

1.1.1 The requirements address functions and performance objectives of fire department emergency service delivery, response capabilities, and resources.

1.1.2 This standard also contains general requirements for managing resources and systems, such as health and safety, incident management, training, communications, and pre-incident planning.

1.1.3 This standard addresses the strategic and system issues involving the organization, operation, and deployment of a fire department and does not address tactical operations at a specific emergency incident.

1.2 Purpose.

1.2.1*
The purpose of this standard is to specify the minimum criteria addressing the effectiveness and efficiency of the career public fire suppression operations, emergency medical service, and special operations delivery in protecting the citizens of the jurisdiction and the occupational safety and health of fire department employees.

1.2.2 Nothing herein is intended to restrict any jurisdiction from exceeding these minimum requirements.

1.3 Application.

1.3.1 This standard applies to the deployment of resources by a fire department to emergency situations when operations can be implemented to save lives and property.

1.3.2 581
The standard is a benchmark for most common responses and a platform for developing the appropriate plan for deployment of resources for fires in higher hazard occupancies or more complex incidents.

1.4* Equivalency.

Nothing in this standard is intended to prohibit the use of systems, methods, or approaches of equivalent or superior performance to those prescribed by this standard, provided technical documentation is submitted to the authority having jurisdiction to demonstrate equivalency.

582
Chapter 2 – Referenced Publications

2.1 General.

The documents or portions thereof listed in this chapter are referenced within this standard and shall be considered part of the requirements of this document.

2.2 NFPA Publications.

National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471.

NFPA 72®, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code®, 2019 edition.

NFPA 403, Standard for Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting Services at Airports, 2018 edition.

NFPA 472, Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents, 2018 edition.

NFPA 1143, Standard for Wildland Fire Management, 2018 edition.

NFPA 1221, Standard for the Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Emergency Services Communications Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 1407, Standard for Training Fire Service Rapid Intervention Crews, 2015 edition.

NFPA 1500™, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety, Health, and Wellness Program, 2018 edition.

NFPA 1521, Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer Professional Qualifications, 2015 edition.

NFPA 1561, Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management System and Command Safety, 2014 edition.

NFPA 1620, Standard for Pre-Incident Planning, 2015 edition.

NFPA 1670, Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Search and Rescue Incidents, 2017 edition.

2.3 Other Publications.

2.3.1 U.S. Government Publications.

U.S. Government Publishing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401- 0001.

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.120, “Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response.”
Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.146, “Permit-Required Confined Space.” 583

2.3.2 Other Publications.

Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003.

2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections.

NFPA 472, Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents, 2018 edition.

NFPA 1002, Standard for Fire Apparatus Driver/Operator Professional Qualifications, 2017 edition.

NFPA 1081, Standard for Facility Fire Brigade Member Professional Qualifications, 2018 edition.

NFPA 1142, Standard on Water Supplies for Suburban and Rural Fire Fighting, 2017 edition.

NFPA 1221, Standard for the Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Emergency Services Communications Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 1500™, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program, 2018 edition.

NFPA 1521, Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer Professional Qualifications, 2015 edition.

NFPA 1561, Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management System and Command Safety, 2014 edition.

NFPA 1720, Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Volunteer Fire Departments, 2020 edition.

NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus, 2016 edition.

584
Chapter 3 – Definitions

3.1 General.

The definitions contained in this chapter shall apply to the terms used in this standard. Where terms are not defined in this chapter or within another chapter, they shall be defined using their ordinarily accepted meanings within the context in which they are used. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, shall be the source for the ordinarily accepted meaning.

3.2 NFPA Official Definitions.

3.2.1* Approved.

Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.

3.2.2* Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).

An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.

3.2.3 Shall.

Indicates a mandatory requirement.

3.2.4 Should.

Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.

3.2.5 Standard.

An NFPA Standard, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to indicate requirements and that is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adoption into law. Nonmandatory provisions are not to be considered a part of the requirements of a standard and shall be located in an appendix, annex, footnote, informational note, or other means as permitted in the NFPA Manuals of Style. When used in a generic sense, such as in the phrase “standards development process” or “standards development activities,” the term “standards” includes all NFPA Standards, including Codes, Standards, Recommended Practices, and Guides.

3.3 General Definitions.

3.3.1 Advanced Life Support (ALS).

See 3.3.44.1.

3.3.2 Aid.

3.3.2.1* Automatic Aid.
585
A plan developed between two or more fire departments for immediate joint response on first alarms. [1142, 2017]

3.3.2.2 Mutual Aid.

A written intergovernmental agreement between agencies and/or jurisdictions that they will assist one another on request by furnishing personnel, equipment, and/or expertise in a specified manner.

3.3.3 Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting.

See 3.3.25.1.

3.3.4* Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting (ARFF) Vehicle.

A vehicle intended to carry rescue and fire-fighting equipment for rescuing occupants and combating fires in aircraft at, or in the vicinity of, an airport. [1002, 2017]

3.3.5* Alarm.

A signal or message from a person or device indicating the existence of an emergency or other situation that requires action by an emergency response agency. [1221, 2019]

3.3.6 Alarm Answering Time.

See 3.3.64.1.

3.3.7 Alarm Handling Time.

See 3.3.64.2.

3.3.8 Alarm Processing Time.

See 3.3.64.3.

3.3.9 Alarm Transfer Time.

See 3.3.64.4.

3.3.10 Apparatus.

3.3.10.1 Fire Apparatus.

A vehicle designed to be used under emergency conditions to transport personnel and equipment, and to support the suppression of fires and mitigation of other hazardous situations. [1901, 2016]

3.3.10.2 Mobile Water Supply Apparatus (Tanker, Tender).

A vehicle designed primarily for transporting (pickup, transporting, and delivering) water to fire emergency scenes to be applied by other vehicles or pumping equipment. [1901, 2016]

3.3.10.3 Quint Apparatus.
586
A fire apparatus with a permanently mounted fire pump, a water tank, a hose storage area, an aerial device with a permanently mounted waterway, and a complement of ground ladders.

3.3.10.4 Specialized Apparatus.

A fire apparatus or vehicle that is used for support or specialized equipment and services at emergency scenes for functions such as, but not limited to, command, technical rescue, hazardous materials mitigation, urban search and rescue, air supply, electrical generation and lighting, or transport of equipment and personnel.

3.3.11 Automatic Aid.

See 3.3.2.1.

3.3.12 Basic Life Support (BLS).

See 3.3.44.2.

3.3.13 Career Fire Department.

A fire department that utilizes full-time or full-time-equivalent (FTE) station-based personnel immediately available to comprise at least 50 percent of an initial full alarm assignment.

3.3.14* Community Risk Assessment.

A systematic approach that identifies, assesses, categorizes, and classifies the probabilities and consequences of a community’s fire and nonfire hazards and threats, taking into account all pertinent facts that increase or decrease risks in each first-due response zone.

3.3.15* Company.

A group of members: (1) under the direct supervision of an officer; (2) trained and equipped to perform assigned tasks; (3) usually organized and identified as engine companies, ladder companies, rescue companies, squad companies, or multi-functional companies; (4) operating with one piece of fire apparatus (pumper, aerial fire apparatus, elevating platform, quint, rescue, squad, ambulance) except where multiple apparatus are assigned that are dispatched and arrive together, continuously operate together, and are managed by a single company officer; (5) arriving at the incident scene on fire apparatus. [1500, 2018]

3.3.16 Company Officer.

See 3.3.48.1.

3.3.17 Crew.

See 3.3.63, Team.

3.3.18 Dense Urban.

An incorporated or unincorporated area with a population of over 200,000 people and/or a population density of over 3,000 people per square mile. 587

3.3.19 Emergency Incident.

Any situation to which an emergency services organization responds to deliver emergency services, including rescue, fire suppression, emergency medical care, special operations, law enforcement, and other forms of hazard control and mitigation. [1561, 2014]

3.3.20 Emergency Medical Care.

The treatment of patients using first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, basic life support, advanced life support, and other medical procedures prior to arrival at a hospital or other health care facility.

3.3.21 Emergency Operations.

See 3.3.49.1.

3.3.22 Fire Alarm Signal Notification.

Activation of an alarm-initiating device from a supervising station alarm system as identified by NFPA 72.

3.3.23 Fire Apparatus.

See 3.3.10.1.

3.3.24 Fire Department Member.

See 3.3.46, Member.

3.3.25 Fire Fighting.

3.3.25.1* Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting.

The fire-fighting actions taken to rescue persons and to control or extinguish fire involving or adjacent to aircraft on the ground. [1500, 2018]

3.3.25.2* Marine Rescue and Fire Fighting.

The fire-fighting action taken to prevent, control, or extinguish fire involved in or adjacent to a marine vessel and the rescue actions for occupants using normal and emergency routes for egress.

3.3.25.3 Structural Fire Fighting.

The activities of rescue, fire suppression, and property conservation in buildings or other structures, vehicles, rail cars, marine vessels, aircraft, or like properties.

3.3.26 Fire Protection.

Methods of providing fire detection, control, and extinguishment.

3.3.27* Fire Suppression.

The activities involved in controlling and extinguishing fires. [1500, 2018] 588

3.3.28 First-Due Response Zone.

The geographic area surrounding a fire station in which a company from that station is projected to be the first to arrive on the scene of an incident.

3.3.29* First Responder (EMS).

Functional provision of initial assessment (i.e., airway, breathing, and circulatory systems) and basic first-aid intervention, including CPR and automatic external defibrillator (AED) capability.

3.3.30 Forcible Entry.

Techniques used by fire personnel to gain entry into buildings, vehicles, aircraft, or other areas of confinement when normal means of entry are locked or blocked.

3.3.31* Full-Time Equivalent (FTE).

The hours worked by one employee on a full-time basis or a conversion of the hours worked by several part-time employees into the hours worked by full-time employees.

3.3.32 Geographical Isolation.

A first-due response zone or jurisdiction with staffed resources where over 80 percent of the response area is outside of a 10-minute travel time from the next closest staffed suppression apparatus.

3.3.33* Geographical Restriction.

A defined condition, measure, or infrastructure design that limits response and/or results in predictable response delays to certain portions of the jurisdiction.

3.3.34* Hazard.

A condition that presents the potential for harm or damage to people, property, or the environment.

3.3.35 Hazardous Material.

A substance that is capable of creating harm to people, the environment, or property due to its toxicity, chemical reactivity, decomposition, or corrosivity; is capable of explosion or detonation; or presents etiological hazards, whether used for its intended purpose or as a weapon of mass destruction (WMD) or for illicit labs purposes, environmental crimes, or industrial sabotage.

3.3.36* High-Hazard Occupancy.

An occupancy that presents a high life hazard or large fire potential due to its construction, configuration, or the presence of specific materials, processes, or contents.

3.3.37 Incident Commander.

The member responsible for all incident activities, including the development of strategies and tactics and the ordering and the release of resources. [472, 2018] 589

3.3.38* Incident Management System (IMS).

An organized system that defines the roles and responsibilities to be assumed by responders and the standard operating procedures to be used in the management and direction of emergency incidents and other functions.

3.3.39 Incident Safety Officer.

See 3.3.48.2.

3.3.40 Initial Full Alarm Assignment.

Those personnel, equipment, and resources ordinarily dispatched upon notification of a structure fire.

3.3.41 Initial Rapid Intervention Crew (IRIC).

See 3.3.53.1.

3.3.42 Initiating Action/Intervention Time.

See 3.3.64.5.

3.3.43 Intergovernmental Agreement.

A written formal authorization for services between two or more jurisdictions.

3.3.44 Life Support.

3.3.44.1 Advanced Life Support (ALS).

Emergency medical treatment beyond basic life support that provides for advanced airway management including intubation, advanced cardiac monitoring, defibrillation, establishment and maintenance of intravenous access, and drug therapy.

3.3.44.2* Basic Life Support (BLS).

A specific level of prehospital medical care provided by trained responders, focused on rapidly evaluating a patient's condition; maintaining a patient's airway, breathing, and circulation; controlling external bleeding; preventing shock; and preventing further injury or disability by immobilizing potential spinal or other bone fractures.

3.3.45 Marine Rescue and Fire Fighting.

See 3.3.25.2.

3.3.46* Member.

A person involved in performing the duties and responsibilities of a fire department, under the auspices of the organization. [1500, 2018]

3.3.47 Mutual Aid.

See 3.3.2.2.
590

3.3.48 Officer.

3.3.48.1* Company Officer.

A supervisor of a crew/company of personnel.

3.3.48.2 Incident Safety Officer.

A member of the command staff responsible for monitoring and assessing safety hazards or unsafe situations and for developing measures for ensuring personnel safety.

3.3.48.3* Supervisory Chief Officer.

A member whose responsibility is to assume command through a formalized transfer of command process and to allow company officers to directly supervise personnel assigned to them.

3.3.49 Operations.

3.3.49.1 Emergency Operations.

Activities of the fire department relating to rescue, fire suppression, emergency medical care, and special operations, including response to the scene of the incident and all functions performed at the scene. [1500, 2018]

3.3.49.2* Special Operations.

Those emergency incidents to which the fire department responds that require specific and advanced training and specialized tools and equipment. [1500, 2018]

3.3.50 Performance Objective.

The specific requirement or end result of a work activity.

3.3.51 Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP).

A facility in which 9-1-1 calls are answered. [1221, 2019]

3.3.52 Quint Apparatus.

See 3.3.10.3.

3.3.53* Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC).

A dedicated crew of at least one officer and three members, positioned outside the IDLH, trained and equipped as specified in NFPA 1407, who are assigned for rapid deployment to rescue lost or trapped members.

3.3.53.1 Initial Rapid Intervention Crew (IRIC).

Two members of the initial attack crew, positioned outside the IDLH, trained and equipped as specified in NFPA 1407, who are assigned for rapid deployment (i.e., two in/two out) to rescue lost or trapped members.
591

3.3.54 Rescue.

Those activities directed at locating endangered persons at an emergency incident, removing those persons from danger, treating the injured, and providing for transport to an appropriate health care facility. [1500, 2018]

3.3.55 Rural.

An area with fewer than 500 people per square mile.

3.3.56 Special Operations.

See 3.3.49.2.

3.3.57 Specialized Apparatus.

See 3.3.10.4.

3.3.58* Staff Aide.

A fire fighter or fire officer assigned to a supervisory chief officer to assist with the logistical, tactical, and accountability functions of incident, division, or sector command.

3.3.59 Standard Operating Procedure.

A written organizational directive that establishes or prescribes specific operational or administrative methods to be followed routinely for the performance of designated operations or actions. [1521, 2015]

3.3.60 Structural Fire Fighting.

See 3.3.25.3.

3.3.61 Suburban.

An incorporated or unincorporated area with a population between 500 and 1,000 people per square mile.

3.3.62 Supervisory Chief Officer.

See 3.3.48.3.

3.3.63 Team.

Two or more members who have been assigned a common task and are in communication with each other, coordinate their activities as a work group, and support the safety of one another. [1081, 2018]

3.3.64 Time.

3.3.64.1 Alarm Answering Time.

The time interval that begins when the alarm is received at the communication center and ends when the alarm is acknowledged at the communication center. 592

3.3.64.2 Alarm Handling Time.

The time interval from the receipt of the alarm at the primary PSAP until the beginning of the transmittal of the response information via voice or electronic means to emergency response facilities (ERFs) or the emergency response units (ERUs) in the field.

3.3.64.3 Alarm Processing Time.

The time interval from when the alarm is acknowledged at the communication center until response information begins to be transmitted via voice or electronic means to emergency response facilities (ERFs) and emergency response units (ERUs).

3.3.64.4 Alarm Transfer Time.

The time interval from the receipt of the emergency alarm at the PSAP until the alarm is first received at the communication center.

3.3.64.5* Initiating Action/Intervention Time.

The time interval from when a unit arrives on the scene to the initiation of emergency mitigation.

3.3.64.6* Total Response Time.

The time interval from the receipt of the alarm at the primary PSAP to when the first emergency response unit is initiating action or intervening to control the incident.

3.3.64.7 Travel Time.

The time interval that begins when a unit is en route to the emergency incident and ends when the unit arrives at the scene.

3.3.64.8 Turnout Time.

The time interval that begins when the emergency response facilities (ERFs) and emergency response units (ERUs) notification process begins by either an audible alarm or visual annunciation or both and ends at the beginning point of travel time.

3.3.65 Total Response Time.

See 3.3.64.6.

3.3.66 Travel Time.

See 3.3.64.7.

3.3.67 Turnout Time.

See 3.3.64.8.

3.3.68 Urban.

An incorporated or unincorporated area with a population of over 30,000 people and/or a population density over 1,000 people per square mile but less than 2,999. 593

3.3.69 Wildland.

An area in which development is essentially nonexistent except for roads, railroads, powerlines, and similar transportation facilities with structures widely scattered.

3.3.70 Wildland Urban Interface (WUI).

The line or zone where structures and other development meet or intermingle with undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels and the area within or adjacent to private and public property where mitigation actions can prevent damage or loss from wildfire.

594
Chapter 4 – Organization

4.1 Fire Department Organizational Statement.

4.1.1*
The authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) shall maintain a written statement or policy that establishes the following:
• (1)
Existence of the fire department
• (2)
Services that the fire department is required to provide • (3)
Basic organizational structure
• (4)
Expected number of fire department members
• (5)
Functions that fire department members are expected to perform

4.1.2*
The fire department organizational statement shall provide service delivery objectives, including specific time objectives for each major service component [i.e., fire suppression, emergency medical services (EMS), special operations, aircraft rescue and fire fighting, marine rescue and fire fighting, and/or wildland fire fighting] and objectives for the percentage of responses that meet the time objectives.

4.1.2.1 The fire department shall establish the following performance objectives for the first-due response zones that are identified by the AHJ:
• (1)
Alarm handling time completion in accordance with 4.1.2.3 • (2)
80 seconds turnout time for fire and special operations response and 60 seconds turnout time for EMS response
• (3)*
595
240 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of the first engine company at a fire suppression incident
• (4)
360 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of the second company with a minimum staffing of 4 personnel at a fire suppression incident
• (5)
For other than high-rise, 480 seconds or less travel time for the deployment of an initial full alarm assignment at a fire suppression incident
• (6)
For high-rise, 610 seconds or less travel time for the deployment of an initial full alarm assignment at a fire suppression incident
• (7)
240 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of a unit with first responder with automatic external defibrillator (AED) or higher-level capability at an emergency medical incident • (8)
480 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of an advanced life support (ALS) unit at an emergency medical incident, where this service is provided by the fire department provided a first responder with an AED or basic life support (BLS) unit arrived in 240 seconds or less travel time

4.1.2.2 The fire department shall document the initiating action/intervention time.

4.1.2.3 Alarm Handling.

4.1.2.3.1 The fire department shall establish a performance objective of having an alarm answering time of not more than 15 seconds for at least 95 percent of the alarms received and not more than 40 seconds for at least 99 percent of the alarms received.

4.1.2.3.1.1 Any call not answered within 20 seconds shall be routed to a secondary answering (alternate) center if the primary center is full.

4.1.2.3.1.2 An alarm shall sound if a call is not answered (not processed, just answered) within 60 seconds.

4.1.2.3.2 596
When the alarm is received at a public safety answering point (PSAP) and transferred to a secondary answering point or communication center, the agency responsible for the PSAP shall establish a performance objective of having an alarm transfer time of not more than 30 seconds for at least 95 percent of all alarms processed.

4.1.2.3.3 The fire department shall establish a performance objective of having an alarm processing time of not more than 64 seconds for at least 90 percent of the alarms and not more than 106 seconds for at least 95 percent of the alarms.

4.1.2.3.3.1 Emergency alarm processing for the following call types shall be completed within 90 seconds 90 percent of the time and within 120 seconds 99 percent of the time:
• (1)
Calls requiring emergency medical dispatch questioning and pre-arrival medical instructions • (2)
Calls requiring language translation
• (3)
Calls requiring the use of a TTY/TDD device or audio/video relay services • (4)
Calls of criminal activity that require information vital to emergency responder safety prior to dispatching units
• (5)
Hazardous material incidents
• (6)
Technical rescue
• (7)
Calls that require determining the location of the alarm due to insufficient information • (8)
Calls received by text message

4.1.2.4 The fire department shall establish a performance objective of not less than 90 percent for the achievement of each turnout time and travel time performance objective specified in 4.1.2.1. 597

4.1.2.5 Evaluations.

4.1.2.5.1*
The fire department shall evaluate its level of service and deployment delivery and alarm handling time, turnout time, and travel time performance objectives on an annual basis.

4.1.2.5.2*
The evaluations shall be based on emergency incident data relating to level of service, deployment, and the achievement of each travel time performance objective in each geographic area within the jurisdiction of the fire department.

4.1.2.6 The fire department shall provide the AHJ with a written report annually.

4.1.2.6.1 The annual report shall define the geographic areas and/or circumstances in which the requirements of this standard are not being met.

4.1.2.6.2 The annual report shall explain the predictable consequences of these deficiencies and address the steps that are necessary to achieve compliance.

4.1.2.6.3 The annual report shall identify any deficiencies that are anticipated to develop in the next 3 years and address the steps necessary to continue to achieve compliance to this standard.

4.1.2.7 Incident Reports.

4.1.2.7.1 The fire department shall maintain a standardized reporting system that collects specific information on each incident. [1720:4.4.1]

4.1.2.7.1.1 The incident report shall include the location and nature of the fire or emergency and describe the circumstances of the incident and the operations performed. [1720:4.4.1.1]

4.1.2.7.1.2 This report shall identify the members responding to the incident. [1720:4.4.1.2]

4.2 Fire Suppression Services.

The fire department organizational statement shall set forth the criteria for the various types of fire suppression incidents to which the fire department is required to respond. 598

4.3 Emergency Medical Services.

4.3.1 The fire department organizational statement shall set forth the criteria for the various types of emergency medical incidents to which the fire department is required and/or expected to respond.

4.3.2 The fire department organizational statement shall ensure that the fire department's emergency medical response capability includes personnel, equipment, and resources to deploy at the first responder level with AED or higher treatment level.

4.3.3 Where emergency medical services beyond the first responder with AED level are provided by another agency or private organization, the AHJ, based on recommendations from the fire department, shall include the minimum staffing, deployment, and response criteria as required in Section 5.3 in the following:
• (1)
The fire department organizational statement
• (2)
Any contract, service agreement, governmental agreement, or memorandum of understanding between the AHJ and the other agency or private organization

4.4 Special Operations.

4.4.1 The fire department organizational statement shall set forth the criteria for the various types of special operations response and mitigation activities to which the fire department is required or expected to respond.

4.4.2*
The fire department organizational statement shall ensure that the fire department's hazardous materials response capability includes personnel, equipment, and resources to deploy at the first responder operational level as required by 29 CFR 1910.120.

4.4.3 599
The fire department organizational statement shall ensure that the fire department's confined space response capability includes personnel, equipment, and resources to deploy at the confined space operational level as required by 29 CFR 1910.146.

4.4.4 The fire department organizational statement shall set forth the criteria for the various types of fire department response during natural disasters or terrorism incidents, weapons of mass destruction incidents, or large-scale or mass casualty events.

4.5 Airport Rescue and Fire-Fighting Services.

The fire department organizational statement shall set forth the criteria for the various types of airport rescue and fire-fighting incidents to which the fire department is required or expected to respond.

4.6 Marine Rescue and Fire-Fighting Services.

The fire department organizational statement shall set forth the criteria for the various types of marine rescue and fire-fighting incidents to which the fire department is required or expected to respond.

4.7 Wildland Fire Suppression Services.

The fire department organizational statement shall set forth the criteria for the various types of wildland fire suppression incidents to which the fire department is required and/or expected to respond.

4.8 Intercommunity Organization.

4.8.1*
Mutual aid, automatic aid, and fire protection agreements shall be through a written intergovernmental agreement and shall address issues such as liability for injuries and deaths, disability retirements, cost of service, authorization to respond, staffing, and equipment, including the resources to be made available, availability of interoperable communications, and the designation of the incident commander.

4.8.2 Procedures and training of personnel for all fire departments in mutual aid, automatic aid, and fire protection agreement plans shall be comprehensive to produce an effective fire force and to ensure uniform operations.
600

601
Chapter 5 – Fire Department Services

5.1 Purpose.

5.1.1 The services provided by the fire department shall include those activities identified by the organizational statement developed as required by Chapter 4.

5.1.2 The procedures involved in providing these services, including operations and deployment, shall be established through written administrative regulations, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and departmental orders.

5.2* Fire Suppression Services.

5.2.1 Fire Suppression Capability.

5.2.1.1 Based on a formal community risk assessment, fire suppression operations shall be organized to ensure that the fire department's fire suppression capability encompasses deployment of personnel, equipment, and resources for an initial arriving company, the initial full alarm assignment, and additional alarm assignments.

5.2.1.2 Response personnel shall be trained in their assigned positions in accordance with Sections 5.2 and 5.3 of NFPA 1500.

5.2.1.3 The fire department shall be permitted to use established automatic aid and mutual aid agreements to comply with the requirements of Section 5.2.

5.2.2* Staffing.

The number of on-duty fire suppression members shall be sufficient to perform the necessary fire-fighting operations given the expected fire-fighting conditions.

5.2.2.1 These numbers shall be determined through task analyses that take the following factors into consideration:
• (1)
Life hazard to the populace protected
• (2)
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Provisions of safe and effective fire-fighting performance conditions for the fire fighters • (3)
Potential property loss
• (4)
Nature, configuration, hazards, and internal protection of the properties involved • (5)
Types of fireground tactics and evolutions employed as standard procedure, type of apparatus used, and results expected to be obtained at the fire scene

5.2.2.2*
On-duty members assigned to fire suppression shall be organized into company units and shall have appropriate apparatus and equipment assigned to such companies.

5.2.2.2.1*
The fire department shall identify minimum company staffing levels as necessary to meet the deployment criteria required in 5.2.4 to ensure that a sufficient number of members are assigned, on duty, and available to respond with each company.

5.2.2.2.2 Each company shall be led by an officer who shall be considered a part of the company.

5.2.2.2.3*
Supervisory chief officers shall be dispatched or notified to respond to all full alarm assignments.

5.2.2.2.4 The supervisory chief officer shall ensure that the incident management system is established as required in Section 6.2.

5.2.2.2.5*
Supervisory chief officers shall have staff aides deployed to them for purposes of incident management and accountability at emergency incidents.

5.2.2.3 An incident safety officer shall be deployed upon confirmation of a structural fire, at special operation incidents, or when significant risk is present to the member due to the nature of an incident.

5.2.2.3.1 603
The incident safety officer, meeting the requirements as specified for the incident safety officer in NFPA 1521, shall have the expertise to evaluate hazards and provide direction with respect to the overall safety of personnel.

5.2.3 Operating Units.

Fire company staffing requirements shall be based on minimum levels necessary for safe, effective, and efficient emergency operations.

5.2.3.1 Engine Companies.

Fire companies whose primary functions are to pump and deliver water and perform basic fire fighting at fires, including search and rescue, shall be known as engine companies.

5.2.3.1.1 These companies shall be staffed with a minimum of four on-duty members.

5.2.3.1.2 In first-due response zones with a high number of incidents, geographical restrictions, geographical isolation, or urban areas, as identified by the AHJ, these companies shall be staffed with a minimum of five on-duty members.

5.2.3.1.2.1 In first-due response zones with tactical hazards, high-hazard occupancies, or dense urban areas, as identified by the AHJ, these fire companies shall be staffed with a minimum of six on- duty members.

5.2.3.2 Ladder/Truck Companies.

Fire companies whose primary functions are to perform the variety of services associated with truck work, such as forcible entry, ventilation, search and rescue, aerial operations for water delivery and rescue, utility control, illumination, overhaul, and salvage work, shall be known as ladder or truck companies.

5.2.3.2.1 These fire companies shall be staffed with a minimum of four on-duty members.

5.2.3.2.2 In first-due response zones with a high number of incidents, geographical restrictions, geographical isolation, or urban areas, as identified by the AHJ, these fire companies shall be staffed with a minimum of five on-duty members.

5.2.3.2.2.1 In first-due response zones with tactical hazards, high-hazard occupancies, or dense urban areas, as identified by the AHJ, these fire companies shall be staffed with a minimum of six on- duty members.
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5.2.3.3 Other Types of Companies.

5.2.3.3.1 Other types of companies equipped with specialized apparatus and equipment shall be provided to assist engine and ladder companies where necessary to support the fire departments’ SOPs.

5.2.3.3.2 These companies shall be staffed with the minimum number of on-duty members required to deal with the tactical hazards, high-hazard occupancies, high incident frequencies, geographical restrictions, or other pertinent factors as identified by the AHJ.

5.2.3.4 Fire Companies with Quint Apparatus.

5.2.3.4.1 A fire company that deploys with quint apparatus, designed to operate as either an engine company or a ladder company, shall be staffed as specified in 5.2.3.

5.2.3.4.2 If the company is expected to perform multiple roles simultaneously, additional staffing, above the levels specified in 5.2.3, shall be provided to ensure that those operations can be performed as required.

5.2.3.5 Mobile Water Supply Tanker/Tender.

5.2.3.5.1 A mobile water supply apparatus whose primary function is to pick up, transport, and deliver water to the scene of a fire or other incident that requires a dedicated water supply shall be known as either a tanker or tender.

5.2.3.5.2 This tanker/tender shall be staffed with a minimum of two on-duty members.

5.2.3.6 Emergency Medical Care.

Where emergency medical care is provided by outside agencies or organizations, those personnel shall be included in the deployment plan and meet the requirements as stated.

5.2.4 Deployment.

5.2.4.1 Single-Family Dwelling Initial Full Alarm Assignment Capability.

5.2.4.1.1*
The initial full alarm assignment to a structure fire in a typical 2000 ft2 (186 m2), two-story single- family dwelling without basement and with no exposures shall provide for the following:
• (1)
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Establishment of incident command outside of the hazard area for the overall coordination and direction of the initial full alarm assignment with a minimum of one member dedicated to this task (1)
• (2)
Establishment of an uninterrupted water supply of a minimum of 400 gpm (1520 L/min) for 30 minutes with supply line(s) maintained by an operator (1) • (3)
Establishment of an effective water flow application rate of 300 gpm (1140 L/min) from two handlines, each of which has a minimum flow rate of 100 gpm (380 L/min) with each handline operated by a minimum of two members to effectively and safely maintain the line (4) • (4)
Provision of one support member for each attack and backup line deployed to provide hydrant hookup and to assist in laying of hose lines, utility control, and forcible entry (2) • (5)
Provision of at least one victim search and rescue team with each such team consisting of a minimum of two members (2)
• (6)
Provision of at least one team, consisting of a minimum of two members, to raise ground ladders and perform ventilation (2)
• (7)
If an aerial device is used in operations, one member to function as an aerial operator to maintain primary control of the aerial device at all times (1) • (8)
At a minimum, an initial rapid intervention crew (IRIC) assembled from the initial attack crew and, as the initial alarm response arrives, a full and sustained rapid intervention crew (RIC) established (4)
• (9)
Total effective response force with a minimum of 16 (17 if an aerial device is used)

5.2.4.1.2 When an incident escalates beyond an initial full alarm assignment, or when significant risk is present to the member due to the magnitude of the incident, the incident commander shall request an EMS crew consisting of a minimum of two members to provide treatment and transport for injured members and civilians.
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5.2.4.2 Open-Air Strip Shopping Center Initial Full Alarm Assignment Capability.

5.2.4.2.1*
The initial full alarm assignment to a structure fire in a typical open-air strip shopping center ranging from 13,000 ft2 to 196,000 ft2 (1203 m2 to 18,209 m2) in size shall provide for the following:
• (1)
Establishment of incident command outside the hazard area for the overall coordination, direction, and safety of the initial full alarm assignment with a minimum of two members dedicated to managing this task (2)
• (2)
Establishment of two uninterrupted water supplies at a minimum of 500 gpm (1892 L/min), with each supply line maintained by an operator (2)
• (3)
Establishment of an effective water flow application rate of 500 gpm (1892 L/min) from three handlines, each of which has a minimum flow rate of 150 gpm (568 L/min), with each handline operated by a minimum of two members to effectively and safely maintain each handline (6) • (4)
Provision of one support member for each attack, backup, and exposure line deployed to provide hydrant hookup and to assist in laying of hose lines, utility control, and forcible entry (3) • (5)
Provision of at least two victim search-and-rescue teams, each team consisting of a minimum of two members (4)
• (6)
Provision of at least two teams, each team consisting of a minimum of two members, to raise ground ladders and perform ventilation (4)
• (7)
If an aerial device(s) is used in operations, one member to function as an aerial operator and maintain primary control of the aerial device at all times (1) • (8)
At a minimum, an initial rapid intervention crew (IRIC) assembled from the initial attack crew and, as the initial alarm response arrives, a full and sustained rapid intervention crew (RIC) established (4)
• (9)
607
The establishment of an initial medical care component consisting of at least two members capable of providing immediate on-scene emergency medical support and transport that provides rapid access to civilians or members potentially needing medical treatment (2) • (10)
Total effective response force a minimum of 27 (28 if an aerial device is used)

5.2.4.3 Apartment Initial Full Alarm Assignment Capability.

5.2.4.3.1 The initial full alarm assignment to a structure fire in a typical 1200 ft2 (111 m2) apartment within a three-story, garden-style apartment building shall provide for the following:
• (1)
Establishment of incident command outside the hazard area for the overall coordination, direction, and safety of the initial full alarm assignment with a minimum of two members dedicated to managing this task (2)
• (2)
Establishment of two uninterrupted water supplies at a minimum of 400 gpm (1520 L/min), with each supply line maintained by an operator (2)
• (3)
Establishment of an effective water flow application rate of 300 gpm (1140 L/min) from three handlines, each of which has a minimum flow rate of 100 gpm (380 L/min), with each handline operated by a minimum of two members to effectively and safely maintain each handline (6) • (4)
Provision of one support member for each attack, backup, and exposure line deployed to provide hydrant hookup and to assist in laying of hose lines, utility control, and forcible entry (3) • (5)
Provision of at least two victim search-and-rescue teams, each team consisting of a minimum of two members (4)
• (6)
Provision of at least two teams, each team consisting of a minimum of two members, to raise ground ladders and perform ventilation (4)
• (7)
If an aerial device is used in operations, one member to function as an aerial operator and maintain primary control of the aerial device at all times (1) • (8)
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At a minimum, an initial rapid intervention crew (IRIC) assembled from the initial attack crew and, as the initial alarm response arrives, a full and sustained rapid intervention crew (RIC) established (4).
• (9)
The establishment of an initial medical care component consisting of at least two members capable of providing immediate on-scene emergency medical support, and transport that provides rapid access to civilians or members potentially needing medical treatment (2) • (10)
Total effective response force a minimum of 27 (28 if an aerial device is used)

5.2.4.4* High-Rise Initial Full Alarm Assignment Capability.

5.2.4.4.1 Initial full alarm assignment to a fire in a building with the highest floor greater than 75 ft (23 m) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access shall provide for the following:
• (1)
Establishment of a stationary incident command post outside the hazard area for overall coordination and direction of the initial full alarm assignment with a minimum of one officer with an aide dedicated to these tasksand all operations are to be conducted in compliance with the incident command system. (2)
• (2)
Establishment of an uninterrupted water supply to the building standpipe/sprinkler connection sufficient to support fire attack operations maintained by an operatorand if the building is equipped with a fire pump, one additional member with a radio to be sent to the fire pump location to monitor and maintain operation. (1/1)
• (3)
Establishment of an effective water flow application rate on the fire floor at a minimum of 500 gpm (1892 L/m) from two handlines, each operated by a minimum of two members to safely and effectively handle the line. (4)
• (4)
Establishment of an effective water flow application rate on the floor above the fire floor at a minimum of 250 gpm (946 L/m) from at least one handline, with each deployed handline operated by a minimum of two members to safely and effectively handle the line. (2)
• (5)
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At a minimum, an initial rapid intervention crew (IRIC) assembled from the initial attack crew and, as the initial alarm response arrives, a full and sustained rapid intervention crew (RIC) established. (4)
• (6)
Provision of two or more search-and-rescue teams consisting of a minimum of two members each. (4)
• (7)
Provision of one officer, with an aide, dedicated to establishing an oversight at or near the entry point on the fire floor(s). (2)
• (8)
Provision of one officer, with an aide, dedicated to establishing an oversight at or near the point of entry on the floor above the fire. (2)
• (9)
Provision of two or more evacuation management teams to assist and direct building occupants with evacuation or sheltering actions, with each team consisting of a minimum of two members. (4)
• (10)
Provision of one or more members to account for and manage elevator operations. (1) • (11)
Provision of a minimum of one trained incident safety officer. (1) • (12)
Provision of a minimum of one officer two floors below the fire floor to manage the interior staging area. (1)
• (13)
Provision of a minimum of two members to manage member rehabilitation and at least one of the members to be trained to the ALS level. (2)
• (14)
Provision of an officer and a minimum of three members to conduct vertical ventilation operations. (4)
• (15)
Provision of a minimum of one officer to manage the building lobby operations. (1) • (16)
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Provision of a minimum of two members to transport equipment to a location below the fire floor. (2)
• (17)
Provision of one officer to manage external base operations. (1) • (18)
The establishment of an initial medical care component consisting of a minimum of two crews with a minimum of two members each with one member trained to the ALS level capable of providing immediate on-scene emergency medical support, and transport that provides rapid access to civilians or members potentially needing medical treatment. (4) • (19)
Total effective response force a minimum of 42 (43 if the building is equipped with a fire pump).

5.2.4.5* Fire Alarm Notification Assignment.

Initial alarm assignment to a fire alarm signal notification, without confirmation of a suspected fire condition and without multiple detection signals, shall be a minimum of one four-person company to investigate the cause of the fire alarm signal notification.

5.2.4.6 Additional Alarm Assignments.

5.2.4.6.1*
Fire departments that respond to fires in occupancies that present hazards greater than those found in the occupancy described in 5.2.4.1 shall deploy additional resources on the initial alarm.

5.2.4.6.2*
The fire department shall have the capability to deploy additional alarm assignments that can provide for additional command staff, members, and additional services, including the application of water to the fire; engagement in search and rescue, forcible entry, ventilation, and preservation of property; safety and accountability for personnel; and provision of support activities for those situations that are beyond the capability of the initial full alarm assignment.

5.3* Emergency Medical Services (EMS).

The purpose of this section shall be to provide standards for the delivery of EMS by fire departments.

5.3.1 The fire department shall document its role, responsibilities, functions, and performance objectives for the delivery of EMS.
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5.3.1.1 EMS operations shall be organized to ensure that the fire department's emergency medical capability includes members, equipment, and resources to deploy the initial arriving company and additional alarm assignments.

5.3.1.2 The fire department shall be permitted to use established automatic aid or mutual aid agreements to comply with the requirements of Section 5.3.

5.3.2* System Components.

5.3.2.1 Treatment Levels.

5.3.2.1.1 The basic treatment levels within an EMS system, for the purposes of this standard, shall be categorized as first responder, basic life support (BLS), and advanced life support (ALS).

5.3.2.1.2 The specific patient treatment capabilities associated with each level shall be determined by the AHJ based on the requirements for approval and licensing of EMS providers within each state or province.

5.3.2.2 Training Levels.

5.3.2.2.1 The minimal level of training for all members that respond to emergency incidents shall be to the first responder/AED level.

5.3.2.2.2 The AHJ shall determine if further training is required.

5.3.3 EMS System Functions.

5.3.3.1 The AHJ shall determine which of the following components of an EMS system the fire department shall be responsible for providing:
• (1)
Initial response to provide medical treatment at the location of the emergency (first responder with AED capability or higher)
• (2)
BLS response
• (3)
612
ALS response
• (4)
Patient transport in an ambulance or alternative vehicle designed to provide for uninterrupted patient care at the ALS or BLS level while en route to a medical facility • (5)
Assurance of response and medical care through a quality management program

5.3.3.2 Staffing.

5.3.3.2.1 On-duty EMS units shall be staffed with the minimum members necessary for emergency medical care relative to the level of EMS provided by the fire department.

5.3.3.2.2 EMS staffing requirements shall be based on the minimum levels needed to provide patient care and member safety.

5.3.3.2.2.1 Units that provide emergency medical care shall be staffed at a minimum with members trained to the first responder/AED level.

5.3.3.2.2.2 Units that provide BLS transport shall be staffed and trained at the level prescribed by the state or provincial agency responsible for providing EMS licensing.

5.3.3.2.2.3 Units that provide ALS transport shall be staffed and trained at the level prescribed by the state or provincial agency responsible for providing EMS licensing.

5.3.3.3 Service Delivery Deployment.

5.3.3.3.1 The fire department shall adopt service delivery objectives based on time standards for the deployment of each service component for which it is responsible.

5.3.3.3.2 Personnel deployed to ALS emergency responses shall include a minimum of two members trained at the emergency medical technician–paramedic level and two members trained at the emergency medical technician–basic level arriving on scene within the established travel time.

5.3.4 Quality Management.

5.3.4.1 613
The fire department shall institute a quality management program to ensure that the service has met the time performance objectives as required in 4.1.2 for all medical responses.

5.3.4.2 Fire Department Medical Personnel Review.

5.3.4.2.1 All first responder and BLS medical care provided by the fire department shall be reviewed by the fire department medical personnel.

5.3.4.2.2 This review process shall be documented.

5.3.4.3 Medical Director Review.

5.3.4.3.1 All fire departments with ALS services shall have a named medical director with the responsibility to oversee and ensure quality medical care in accordance with state or provincial laws or regulations.

5.3.4.3.2 This review process shall be documented.

5.3.4.4 Fire departments providing ALS services shall provide a mechanism for immediate communications with EMS supervision and medical oversight.

5.4 Special Operations Response.

Special operations shall be organized to ensure that the fire department’s special operations capability includes members, equipment, and resources to deploy the initial arriving company and additional alarm assignments providing such services.

5.4.1 The fire department shall be permitted to use established automatic aid or mutual aid agreements to comply with the requirements of Section 5.4.

5.4.2 The fire department shall adopt a special operations response plan and SOPs that specify the roles and responsibilities of the fire department and the authorized functions of members responding to hazardous materials emergency incidents.

5.4.3 614
All fire department members expected to respond to emergency incidents beyond the first responder operations level for hazardous materials response shall be trained to the applicable requirements of NFPA 472.

5.4.4 All fire department members expected to respond to emergency incidents beyond the confined space operations level for confined space operations shall be trained to the applicable requirements of NFPA 1670.

5.4.5 The fire department shall have the capacity to implement an RIC, consisting of personnel trained and equipped as specified in NFPA 1407, during all special operations incidents that would subject members to immediate danger or injury in the event of equipment failure or other sudden events, as required by NFPA 1500.

5.4.6 If a higher level of emergency response is needed beyond the capability of the fire department for special operations, the fire department shall determine the availability of outside resources that deploy these capabilities and the procedures for initiating their response.

5.4.7 The fire department shall limit its activities to only those specific special operations functions for which its members have been trained and are correctly equipped.

5.5 Airport Rescue and Fire-Fighting (ARFF) Services.

5.5.1 Airport fire departments shall adopt operations response plans and SOPs that specify the roles and responsibilities for nonaircraft incidents as required by 5.1.2.

5.5.2 ARFF operations shall be organized to ensure that the fire department’s capability includes members, equipment, and resources to deploy the initial arriving company, the initial full alarm assignment, and additional alarm assignments as required in 5.2.4.

5.5.3 Airport fire departments shall have access to special tools, equipment, supplies, personal protective equipment (PPE), and other airport resources that are required to perform operations in their assigned roles and responsibilities.

5.5.4 Deployment.

5.5.4.1 615
The airport fire department shall deploy the required number of ARFF vehicles required for the airport’s assigned category as established by NFPA 403.

5.5.4.2 Airport fire department companies equipped with specialized apparatus and equipment shall be provided to assist ARFF companies where deemed necessary as identified in 5.5.1.

5.5.4.3 Airport fire department companies that deploy to structure fire incidents on airport property shall meet the time performance objective requirements of 4.1.2.

5.5.4.4 Airport fire department companies that deploy to emergency medical incidents on airport property shall meet the time performance objective requirements of 4.1.2.

5.5.4.5 The airport fire department shall be permitted to use established automatic aid or mutual aid agreements to comply with the requirements of Section 5.5.

5.5.5 Staffing.

5.5.5.1 Airport fire department ARFF companies shall be staf⁠fed as required by NFPA 403.

5.5.5.2 Airport fire department companies that deploy to structure fire incidents on airport property shall meet the staffing requirements of 5.2.2.

5.5.5.3 Airport fire department companies that deploy to emergency medical incidents on airport property shall meet the staffing requirements of 5.3.3.2.

5.5.6 Emergency Operations.

5.5.6.1 At all emergency scene operations, an incident management system shall be used that meets the requirements of Section 6.2.

5.5.6.2*
Incident command shall be established outside of the hazard area for the overall coordination and direction of the initial full alarm assignment.

5.5.6.3 A member shall be dedicated to the task of incident commander. 616

5.6* Marine Rescue and Fire-Fighting (MRFF) Services.

5.6.1 MRFF operations shall be organized to ensure that the fire department's marine capability includes members, equipment, and resources to deploy to the alarm assignments associated with a marine emergency incident.

5.6.2 Response Plan.

5.6.2.1 The fire department shall adopt a marine operations response plan and SOPs that specify the roles and responsibilities of the fire department and the authorized functions of members responding to marine emergencies.

5.6.2.2 Fire department marine operations response plans and SOPs shall be coordinated with the applicable agencies, such as the port or harbor authority and supporting agencies.

5.6.3 Marine fire departments shall have access to special tools, equipment, supplies, PPE, and other marine resources that are required to perform operations in their assigned roles and responsibilities.

5.6.4 Staffing.

5.6.4.1 Numbers of On-Duty Marine Personnel.

5.6.4.1.1 On-duty marine personnel shall consist of the number necessary for fire-fighting performance relative to the expected MRFF conditions.

5.6.4.1.2 On-duty marine members numbers shall be determined through task analyses as required for types of marine vessels and through additional task analyses that take the following factors into consideration:
• (1)
Life hazard to the populace protected
• (2)
Provisions of safe and effective fire-fighting performance conditions for the members • (3)
617
Potential property loss
• (4)
Nature, configuration, hazards, and internal protection of the properties involved • (5)
Types of tactics and evolutions employed as standard procedure, type of marine vessel used, and results expected to be obtained at the fire scene
• (6)
Requirements of the regulatory AHJs over navigable waters, ports, and harbors

5.6.4.2 Organization of On-Duty Members.

5.6.4.2.1 On-duty members assigned to marine fire fighting shall be organized into company units and shall have required vessels and equipment assigned to such companies.

5.6.4.2.2 Each marine company shall be led by an officer who shall be considered a part of the company.

5.6.5 Operating Units.

5.6.5.1*
Fire companies whose primary function is to deliver and pump water and extinguishing agents at the scene of a marine incident shall be known as marine companies.

5.6.5.2 These companies shall be staffed with a minimum number of on-duty members as required by the tactical and occupancy hazards to which the marine vessel responds and by the regulatory AHJs over navigable waters, ports, and harbors.

5.7 Wildland Fire Suppression Services.

Wildland fire suppression operations shall be organized to ensure that the fire department's wildland fire suppression capability includes members, equipment, and resources to deploy wildland direct operations that can address marginal situations before they get out of control and wildland indirect fire-fighting operations that can be assembled and placed into operation against major wildland fires.

5.7.1 Organization.

5.7.1.1 618
Fire departments performing wildland operations shall adopt a wildland fire-fighting operations response plan and SOPs that specify the roles and responsibilities of the fire department and the authorized functions of members responding to wildland fire emergencies.

5.7.1.2 All wildland fire suppression operations shall be organized to ensure compliance with NFPA 1143.

5.7.1.3 Fire departments performing wildland operations shall have access to special tools, equipment, supplies, PPE, and other wildland resources that are required to perform operations in their assigned roles and responsibilities.

5.7.2 Staffing.

The number of on-duty wildland fire-fighting personnel shall be sufficient to perform the necessary fire-fighting operations given the expected wildland fire-fighting conditions.

5.7.2.1 On-duty wildland fire-fighting members’ numbers shall be determined through task analyses that take the following factors into consideration:
• (1)
Life hazard to the populace protected
• (2)
Provisions of safe and effective fire-fighting performance conditions for the members • (3)
The number of trained response members available to the department, including mutual aid resources
• (4)
Potential property loss
• (5)
Nature, configuration, hazards, and internal protection of the properties involved • (6)
Types of wildland tactics and evolutions employed as standard procedure, type of apparatus used, and results expected to be obtained at the fire scene • (7)
Topography, vegetation, and terrain in the response area(s) 619

5.7.2.2 On-duty personnel assigned to wildland operations shall be organized into crews and shall have required apparatus and equipment assigned to such companies.

5.7.2.2.1 The fire department shall identify minimum crew staffing levels necessary to meet the deployment criteria to ensure that a sufficient number of members are assigned, on duty, and available to respond with each crew.

5.7.2.2.2 Each crew shall be led by an officer who shall be considered a part of the crew.

5.7.2.2.3 Supervisory chief officers shall be dispatched or notified to respond to all full alarm assignments.

5.7.2.2.4 The supervisory chief officer shall ensure that the incident management system is established as required in Section 6.2.

5.7.2.3 Additional Staffing.

5.7.2.3.1 At least two wildland fire fighters shall be dispatched to a wildland fire and be referred to as a team.

5.7.2.3.2 For the purposes of dispatching wildland fire-fighting resources, a team shall be defined as a minimum of two certified wildland fire-fighting personnel.

5.7.2.3.3 One fire fighter shall be capable of performing as an IAIC on scene at the incident.

5.7.2.3.4 The second separate fire fighter dispatched shall perform fire-fighting operations under the supervision of the IAIC.

5.7.2.3.5 The IAIC shall conduct an initial assessment and size-up of the incident.

5.7.2.3.6 The IAIC shall use his or her judgment based on training and experience in deciding whether to safely engage the incident with the crew on scene or request additional resources. 620

5.7.2.3.7 The IAIC shall assume the duties of command and incident safety officer until relieved on the incident.

5.7.2.3.8 Members shall not be dispatched or respond to a wildfire alone without additional personnel on scene to perform the duties of IAIC.

5.7.3 Operating Units.

Fire crews whose primary function is to deliver and pump water and extinguishing agents at the scene of a wildland fire shall be known as wildland crews.

5.7.3.1 These crews shall be staffed with a minimum of four on-duty members.

5.7.3.2 Engine and ladder (truck) crews that respond to wildland fire fighting and/or urban interface wildland fire-fighting incidents shall be staffed as required by 5.2.3.

5.7.3.3 Other Types of Crews.

5.7.3.3.1 Other types of crews equipped with specialized apparatus and equipment for wildland fire fighting, including aircraft, heavy equipment, mini-pumpers, and fast attack vehicles, shall be provided to assist wildland engine and ladder companies where deemed necessary as part of established practice.

5.7.3.3.2 These crews shall be staffed with a minimum number of on-duty personnel as required by the tactical, topographical, environmental, fuel (vegetation), and occupancy hazards.

5.7.4 Deployment.

5.7.4.1 Required Number of Vehicles.

5.7.4.1.1 The fire department shall deploy from its wildland resources the number of vehicles required for a direct and/or indirect attack.

5.7.4.1.2*
Prior to the initiation of any wildland fire attack, the fire department shall have the capacity to establish a lookout(s), communications with all crew members, escape route(s), and safety zone(s) for vehicles and members.
621

5.7.4.2 Direct Attack.

5.7.4.2.1 The fire department shall have the capability to initiate a direct wildland attack within 10 minutes after arrival of the initial crew at the fire scene.

5.7.4.2.2 One member in the first-arriving crew shall be assigned as the incident commander for the overall coordination and direction of the direct attack activities.

5.7.4.2.3 The direct wildland attack shall include the establishment of an effective water flow application rate of 30 gpm (114 L/min) from at least two 500 ft (150 m) 11⁄2 in. (38 mm) diameter attack handlines from two engines.

5.7.4.2.4 Each attack handline shall be operated by a minimum of two members to deploy and maintain the line.

5.7.4.2.5 One operator shall remain with each fire apparatus supplying water flow to ensure uninterrupted water flow application.

5.7.4.2.6 A wildland crew leader shall be provided with each crew, to be responsible for overall supervision of each of the crew members and for maintaining personnel accountability and crew safety.

5.7.4.3 Indirect Attack.

5.7.4.3.1 The fire department providing wildland fire suppression operations shall have the capability to deploy an indirect attack, including application of water to the fire, engagement in search and rescue and preservation of property, accountability for personnel, and provision of support activities for those situations that are beyond the capability of the direct attack.

5.7.5 Non-Wildland Emergencies.

5.7.5.1 Wildland crews that deploy to structure fire incidents shall meet the time performance objective requirements of 4.1.2.

5.7.5.2 622
Wildland crews that deploy to emergency medical incidents shall meet the time performance objective requirements of 4.1.2.

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Chapter 6 – Systems

6.1 Safety and Health System.

A fire-fighter occupational safety and health program shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 1500.

6.2* Incident Management System.

6.2.1 An incident management system shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 1561 to form the basic structure of all emergency operations of the fire department, regardless of the scale of the department or the emergency.

6.2.2*
An incident management system shall be designed to manage incidents of different types, including structure fires, wildland fires, hazardous materials incidents, emergency medical operations, and other types of emergencies that could be encountered by the department.

6.3 Training Systems.

6.3.1 The fire department shall have a training program and policy that ensure that members are trained and competency is maintained to execute all responsibilities consistent with the department’s organization and deployment as addressed in Chapters 4 and 5.

6.3.2 The agency shall demonstrate in its annual report that it has ensured competency for necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities based on the community’s specific hazards and risks, to include at least the hazards specifically addressed in this standard, for each member that is considered part of the effective response force.

6.3.3 The agency shall adopt training standards based on the cited hazards and risks, set performance objectives to achieve those standards, and demonstrate training and competency by meeting the performance objectives.

6.4 Communications Systems.

6.4.1 624
The fire department shall have a reliable communications system to facilitate prompt delivery of public fire suppression, EMS, and special operations.

6.4.2 All communications facilities, equipment, staffing, operating procedures, performance objectives, and reporting shall comply with NFPA 1221.

6.4.3 Operating procedures for radio communications shall provide for the use of standard protocols and terminology at all types of incidents.

6.4.4 Standard terminology, in compliance with NFPA 1561, shall be established to transmit information, including strategic modes of operation, situation reports, and emergency notifications of imminent hazards.

6.5* Pre-Incident Planning.

6.5.1 The fire department shall set forth operational requirements to conduct pre-incident planning, in accordance with NFPA 1620.

6.5.2 Particular attention shall be provided to all target hazards.

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Annex A — Explanatory Material
Annex A is not a part of the requirements of this NFPA document but is included for informational purposes only. This annex contains explanatory material, numbered to correspond with the applicable text paragraphs.
• Chapter 1
• A.1.1
• The standard includes minimum requirements that are intended to provide effective, efficient, and safe protective services that operate on a sound basis to prevent fires, reduce risk to lives and property, deal with incidents that occur, and prepare for anticipated incidents. It sets minimum standards considered necessary for the provision of public fire protection by career fire departments. It addresses the structure and operation of organizations providing such services, including fire suppression and other assigned emergency response responsibilities, which include EMS and special operations.
•
• A.1.2.1
• A fundamental concept of fire risk is associated with modern society. Public fire service organizations are expected to reduce the risk within their areas of jurisdiction by taking measures to prevent the outbreak of fires, limit the extent and severity of fires, provide for the removal or rescue of endangered persons, control and extinguish fires that occur within the jurisdiction, and perform other emergency response operations and delivery of EMS.
• The cumulative effects of preventive efforts, risk reduction and control, and fire suppression capabilities result in variable levels of risk to the jurisdictions and their residents.
• The risk remaining after deducting the cumulative effect of the public fire service organization's efforts is the responsibility of each individual, including owners, operators, occupants, and casual visitors to properties. It should be noted that fire risk cannot be completely avoided or eliminated.
•
• A.1.4
• Nothing in this standard is intended to prohibit the use of systems, methods, or approaches of equivalent or superior performance to those prescribed by this standard.

The equivalency statement contained in this standard allows jurisdictions to use other 626
“systems, methods, or approaches” to meet requirements of the standard if they can validate and document in writing that such are equal or superior to the requirements contained in the standard. This equivalency statement is not intended to allow any jurisdiction or fire department to reduce the requirements in the standard and still claim compliance. Moreover, it specifically requires any jurisdiction relying on “equivalent” systems, methods, or approaches to validate, demonstrate, and document in writing that the standard is equal or superior to the requirements contained in this standard. • The authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) determines what systems, methods, or approaches are equivalent or superior in performance. The AHJ should approach the assessment by reviewing the overall public fire protection and EMS system performance.
• A.1.1
• The standard includes minimum requirements that are intended to provide effective, efficient, and safe protective services that operate on a sound basis to prevent fires, reduce risk to lives and property, deal with incidents that occur, and prepare for anticipated incidents. It sets minimum standards considered necessary for the provision of public fire protection by career fire departments. It addresses the structure and operation of organizations providing such services, including fire suppression and other assigned emergency response responsibilities, which include EMS and special operations.
•
• A.1.2.1
• A fundamental concept of fire risk is associated with modern society. Public fire service organizations are expected to reduce the risk within their areas of jurisdiction by taking measures to prevent the outbreak of fires, limit the extent and severity of fires, provide for the removal or rescue of endangered persons, control and extinguish fires that occur within the jurisdiction, and perform other emergency response operations and delivery of EMS.
• The cumulative effects of preventive efforts, risk reduction and control, and fire suppression capabilities result in variable levels of risk to the jurisdictions and their residents.
• The risk remaining after deducting the cumulative effect of the public fire service organization's efforts is the responsibility of each individual, including owners, operators, occupants, and casual visitors to properties. It should be noted that fire risk cannot be completely avoided or eliminated.
627
•
• A.1.4
• Nothing in this standard is intended to prohibit the use of systems, methods, or approaches of equivalent or superior performance to those prescribed by this standard.

The equivalency statement contained in this standard allows jurisdictions to use other “systems, methods, or approaches” to meet requirements of the standard if they can validate and document in writing that such are equal or superior to the requirements contained in the standard. This equivalency statement is not intended to allow any jurisdiction or fire department to reduce the requirements in the standard and still claim compliance. Moreover, it specifically requires any jurisdiction relying on “equivalent” systems, methods, or approaches to validate, demonstrate, and document in writing that the standard is equal or superior to the requirements contained in this standard. • The authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) determines what systems, methods, or approaches are equivalent or superior in performance. The AHJ should approach the assessment by reviewing the overall public fire protection and EMS system performance.
• A.1.1
• The standard includes minimum requirements that are intended to provide effective, efficient, and safe protective services that operate on a sound basis to prevent fires, reduce risk to lives and property, deal with incidents that occur, and prepare for anticipated incidents. It sets minimum standards considered necessary for the provision of public fire protection by career fire departments. It addresses the structure and operation of organizations providing such services, including fire suppression and other assigned emergency response responsibilities, which include EMS and special operations.
•
• A.1.2.1
• A fundamental concept of fire risk is associated with modern society. Public fire service organizations are expected to reduce the risk within their areas of jurisdiction by taking measures to prevent the outbreak of fires, limit the extent and severity of fires, provide for the removal or rescue of endangered persons, control and extinguish fires that occur within the jurisdiction, and perform other emergency response operations and delivery of EMS.
628
• The cumulative effects of preventive efforts, risk reduction and control, and fire suppression capabilities result in variable levels of risk to the jurisdictions and their residents.
• The risk remaining after deducting the cumulative effect of the public fire service organization's efforts is the responsibility of each individual, including owners, operators, occupants, and casual visitors to properties. It should be noted that fire risk cannot be completely avoided or eliminated.
•
• A.1.4
• Nothing in this standard is intended to prohibit the use of systems, methods, or approaches of equivalent or superior performance to those prescribed by this standard.

The equivalency statement contained in this standard allows jurisdictions to use other “systems, methods, or approaches” to meet requirements of the standard if they can validate and document in writing that such are equal or superior to the requirements contained in the standard. This equivalency statement is not intended to allow any jurisdiction or fire department to reduce the requirements in the standard and still claim compliance. Moreover, it specifically requires any jurisdiction relying on “equivalent” systems, methods, or approaches to validate, demonstrate, and document in writing that the standard is equal or superior to the requirements contained in this standard. • The authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) determines what systems, methods, or approaches are equivalent or superior in performance. The AHJ should approach the assessment by reviewing the overall public fire protection and EMS system performance.

• Chapter 3
A.3.2.1 Approved.

The National Fire Protection Association does not approve, inspect, or certify any installations, procedures, equipment, or materials; nor does it approve or evaluate testing laboratories. In determining the acceptability of installations, procedures, equipment, or materials, the authority having jurisdiction may base acceptance on compliance with NFPA or other appropriate standards. In the absence of such standards, said authority may require evidence of proper installation, procedure, or use. The authority having jurisdiction may also refer to the listings or labeling practices of an organization that is concerned with product evaluations and is thus in a position to determine compliance with appropriate standards for the current production of listed items.

A.3.2.2 Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).
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The phrase “authority having jurisdiction,” or its acronym AHJ, is used in NFPA documents in a broad manner, since jurisdictions and approval agencies vary, as do their responsibilities. Where public safety is primary, the authority having jurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or other regional department or individual such as a fire chief; fire marshal; chief of a fire prevention bureau, labor department, or health department; building official; electrical inspector; or others having statutory authority. For insurance purposes, an insurance inspection department, rating bureau, or other insurance company representative may be the authority having jurisdiction. In many circumstances, the property owner or his or her designated agent assumes the role of the authority having jurisdiction; at government installations, the commanding officer or departmental official may be the authority having jurisdiction.

A.3.3.2.1 Automatic Aid.

Automatic aid is established through a written intergovernmental agreement that provides for the simultaneous dispatch of a predetermined response of personnel and equipment to a neighboring jurisdiction upon receipt of an alarm and is included as part of a communication center’s dispatch protocols.

A.3.3.4 Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting (ARFF) Vehicle.

The apparatus is typically equipped with a large water tank [commencing at 1000 gal (3800 L) and extending to over 6000 gal (22,800 L)]; a supply of fire-fighting extinguishing agents; remote-controlled large roof turret(s), extendable turret nozzle(s), and bumper turret(s) (ground sweep nozzles) that are used for the discharge of extinguishing agent; and pre-connected handlines.

A.3.3.5 Alarm.

In some jurisdictions, an alarm is referred to as an incident or call for service.

A.3.3.14 Community Risk Assessment.

Community risk assessment begins with identification of the hazards present in the community. Given that a particular hazard exists in a community, the consequences of an emergency event (e.g., fire) in such a hazard are ultimately determined by the mitigation efforts. In other words, the consequences are the results of the combination of the risk level of the hazard, the duration and nature of the event, property loss (e.g., building damage or collapse), personal injury or loss of life, economic losses, interruption of business and related operations, and damage to the environment. These consequences are often grouped into the following four categories:
• (1)
Human impacts (e.g., civilian and firefighter injuries and deaths) • (2)
Economic impacts (e.g., property loss — both direct and indirect effects) • (3)
Psychological impacts (e.g., public confidence)
• (4)
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Functional impacts (e.g., continuity of operations)

A.3.3.15 Company.

For fire suppression and other emergency operations, in some jurisdictions, the response capability of the initial arriving company is configured with two apparatus operating together. This can be a result of apparatus not being configured with seated and belted positions for four members, therefore requiring a second vehicle to carry additional personnel. It can also be the result of the fire department’s SOPs, which require two apparatus operating together to complete the operational procedures. The objective is to ensure that a minimum of four personnel are assigned to and deployed as a company. The two (or more) pieces of apparatus would always be dispatched and respond together as a single company. Some examples of this include the following:
• (1)
A pumper and tanker/tender that would be responding together outside a municipal water district
• (2)
A multiple-piece company, specified as such in a fire department’s SOPs, such as an engine or ladder company that responds with a rescue unit, water tender, or other type of apparatus
• (3)
A company that consists of a pumper with an additional vehicle as a personnel carrier • (4)
A pumper and an ambulance or rescue unit that always respond together

A.3.3.25.1 Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting.

Such rescue and fire-fighting actions are performed both inside and outside of the aircraft.

A.3.3.25.2 Marine Rescue and Fire Fighting.

Marine companies can be utilized for special operations, including a platform for dive and scuba operations and for providing a secure water supply for land-based operations.

A.3.3.27 Fire Suppression.

Fire suppression includes all activities performed at the scene of a fire incident or training exercise that expose fire department members to the dangers of heat, flame, smoke, and other products of combustion, explosion, or structural collapse. [1500, 2018]

A.3.3.29 First Responder (EMS).

A first responder also assists higher level EMS providers.

A.3.3.31 Full-Time Equivalent (FTE).

Full-time equivalent calculations for fire departments can vary based on the work week established for the department. Typical fire department work weeks include, but are not 631
limited to, 42-, 48-, and 56-hour weeks. The weeks are calculated based on a seven-day period.

A.3.3.33 Geographical Restriction.

In this sense, a geographical restriction should be a condition, measure, or infrastructure design such as a railroad crossing, drawbridge, narrow street that is inaccessible by fire apparatus, traffic demand pattern, long supply line lay, or other similar circumstance that impedes an apparatus’ travel to an incident.

A.3.3.34 Hazard.

Hazards include the characteristics of facilities, equipment systems, property, hardware, or other objects; and the actions and inactions of people that create such hazards.

A.3.3.36 High-Hazard Occupancy.

These occupancies include schools, hospitals, and other special medical facilities, nursing homes, high-risk residential occupancies, neighborhoods with structures in close proximity to one another, high-rise buildings, explosives plants, refineries, and hazardous materials occupancies.

A.3.3.38 Incident Management System (IMS).

The system should be consistent with NIMS and the National Response Framework.

The system is also referred to as an incident command system (ICS).

A.3.3.44.2 Basic Life Support (BLS).

Basic life support could also include expediting the safe and timely transport of the patient to a hospital emergency department for definitive medical care.

A.3.3.46 Member.

A fire department member can be a full-time or part-time employee or a paid or unpaid volunteer, can occupy any position or rank within the fire department, and can engage in emergency operations. [1500, 2018]

A.3.3.48.1 Company Officer.

This person can be someone appointed in an acting capacity. The rank structure could be either sergeant, lieutenant, or captain.

A.3.3.48.3 Supervisory Chief Officer.

The position of supervisory chief officer is above that of a company officer, who responds automatically and/or is dispatched to an alarm beyond the initial alarm capabilities, or other special calls. In some jurisdictions, this is the rank of battalion chief, district chief, deputy chief, assistant chief, or senior divisional officer (U.K. fire service).

A.3.3.49.2 Special Operations.
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Special operations include water rescue, extrication, hazardous materials, confined space entry, high-angle rescue, aircraft rescue and fire fighting, and other operations requiring specialized training. [1500, 2018]

A.3.3.53 Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC).

The RIC reports directly to the incident commander or operations chief. This dedicated crew is not to be confused with the IRIC.

A.3.3.58 Staff Aide.

This member is assigned to a supervisory chief officer who assists at incident scene operations, which can include personnel accountability, communications, and other logistical and administrative support. In addition, this member can assist in coordinating training activities, respond to citizen inquiries, coordinate staffing issues and sick leave follow-up, and assign resource allocations for facilities and apparatus under the supervisory chief officer's jurisdiction. Staff aides can be known as field incident technician, staff assistant, battalion fire fighter, or battalion adjutant.

A.3.3.64.5 Initiating Action/Intervention Time.

A benchmark time frame isn't set to initiate a mitigating action or take other steps to intervene in resolving the issue that created the incident. Fire departments should track these times based on their SOPs and evaluate the data based on the nature of the incident.

A.3.3.64.6 Total Response Time.

A “cascade of events” chart, shown as Figure A. 3.3.64.6, is provided to assist understanding the relationship between NFPA 1221, NFPA 1710, and Initiating Time/Intervention Time (currently not addressed by a single NFPA standard). Three phases are included in total response time. They are as follows:
• (1)
Phase One — Alarm Handling Time, which includes alarm transfer time, alarm answering time, and alarm processing time (addressed by NFPA 1221) • (2)
Phase Two — Turnout Time and Travel Time (addressed by NFPA 1710) • (3)
Phase Three — Initiating Action/Intervention Time
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Figure A.3.3.64.6 Cascade of Events Chart.

• Chapter 4
A.4.1.1
The AHJ generally has the responsibility to determine the following:
• (1)
Scope and level of service provided by the fire department • (2)
Necessary level of funding
• (3)
Necessary level of personnel and resources, including facilities To provide service, the AHJ should have the power to levy taxes or solicit funding, to own property and equipment, and to cover personnel costs. The authority necessary is conveyed by law to a local jurisdiction.

In addition, the governing body also should monitor the achievement of the management goals of the department, such as fire prevention, community life safety education, fire suppression, employee training, communications, maintenance, and department administration.
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The organizational statement is a very important basis for many of the provisions of this standard. The statement sets forth the legal basis for operating a fire department, the organizational structure of the fire department, number of members, training requirements, expected functions, and authorities and responsibilities of various members or defined positions.

A key point is to clearly set out the specific services the fire department is authorized and expected to perform. Most fire departments are responsible to a governing body. The governing body has the right and should assert its authority to set the specific services and the limits of the services the fire department will provide. It also has the responsibility to furnish the necessary resources for delivery of the designated services.

The fire department should provide its governing body with a specific description of each service, with options or alternatives and an accurate analysis of the costs and resources needed for each service.

Such services could include structural fire fighting, wildland fire fighting, airport/aircraft fire fighting, emergency medical services, hazardous materials response, high-angle rescue, heavy rescue, and others.

Spelling out the specific parameters of services to be provided allows the fire department to plan, staff, equip, train, and deploy members to perform these duties. It also gives the governing body an accounting of the costs of services and allows it to select those services it can afford to provide. Likewise, the governing body should identify services it cannot afford to provide and cannot authorize the fire department to deliver, or it should assign those services to another agency.

The factors that should be included in the AHJ’s risk assessment process include adopted building codes, required fire/life safety related engineering controls, accepted service delivery performance objectives, complexity of facilities, and occupancy hazards (low, medium, and high) within the jurisdiction.

The fire department should be no different than any other government agency that has the parameters of its authority and services clearly defined by the governing body.

Legal counsel should be used to ensure that any statutory services and responsibilities are being met.

The majority of public fire departments are established under the charter provisions of their governing body or through the adoption of statutes. These acts define the legal basis for operating a fire department, the mission of the organization, the duties that are authorized and expected to be performed, and the authority and responsibilities that are assigned to certain members to direct the operations of the fire department.

The documents that officially establish the fire department as an identifiable organization are necessary to determine specific responsibilities and to determine the parties responsible for compliance with the provisions of this standard. 635
In many cases, these documents can be part of state laws, a municipal charter, or an annual budget. In such cases, it would be appropriate to make these existing documents part of the organizational statement, if applicable.

A.4.1.2
There can be incidents or areas where the response criteria are affected by circumstances such as response personnel who are not on duty, unstaffed fire station facilities, natural barriers, traffic congestion, insufficient water supply, and density of population or property. The reduced level of service should be documented in the written organizational statement by the percentage of incidents and geographical areas for which the total response time criteria are achieved.

Additional service delivery performance objectives should be established by the AHJ for occupancies other than those identified within the standard for benchmark single-family dwellings. Factors to be considered include specific response areas (i.e., suburban, rural, and wilderness) and occupancy hazards.

A.4.1.2.1(3)
This service delivery requirement is intended to have a fire department plan and situate its resources to consistently meet a 240-second travel time for the initial company fire suppression response; for other than high-rise, a 480-second travel time for the full alarm fire response assignment; and for high-rise, a 610-second travel time for the full alarm fire response assignment.

A.4.1.2.5.1
The evaluation of the fire department’s provided level of service needs to be performed against the AHJ’s established service delivery performance objectives. These objectives should be based on a jurisdictional risk assessment. The objectives established within this standard are based on a 2000 ft2 (186 m2), two-story, single-family home without a basement and having no exposures. The AHJ’s response objectives should be established based on numerous factors such as the circumstances affecting response personnel, adopted building codes, required fire/life safety-related engineering controls, accepted turnout/travel times, complexity of facilities, and occupancy hazards within the jurisdiction.

A.4.1.2.5.2
The collection of data is required to determine the organization’s ability to meet its locally determined objectives and the performance objectives contained in the standard with 636
regard to emergency incidences (warning lights and sirens). Organizations respond to numerous types of emergency and nonemergency incidents. While the collection and analysis of all of the response data is important, attainment of the 90 percent objective is only to be evaluated against emergency incident responses.

A.4.4.2
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations require that all fire departments be trained to respond to hazardous materials incidents at the first responder operations level.

Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA), known as the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, established requirements for federal, state, and local governments and industrial facilities regarding emergency planning for spills or other releases, community right-to-know, and reporting of hazardous and toxic chemicals.

The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act covers the following four major areas that provide the fire service and communities with a broad perspective on the chemical hazards within the local area and those at individual facilities:
• (1)
Sections 301 through 303 — emergency planning
• (2)
Section 304 — emergency release notification
• (3)
Sections 311 and 312 — community right-to-know reporting requirements • (4)
Section 313 — toxic chemical release inventory

A.4.8.1
Where appropriate, the mutual aid agreement should include automatic responses on first alarms (automatic aid). This concept contemplates joint response of designated apparatus and personnel on a predetermined running assignment basis.

Mutual aid concepts should be considered on a regional basis. In an effective mutual aid arrangement, each fire department should retain reserves of personnel and apparatus.

Traditionally and legally, overall command of the incident is vested with the senior officer of the jurisdiction experiencing the emergency.
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Some areas use consolidated dispatching to coordinate the response of fire companies to assist an outside fire department. The management of responses can be made easier by utilizing computerization, “running cards,” and other advance planning.

• Chapter 5
A.5.2
Suppression capability is an expression of how much fire-fighting power can be put into action when there is a fire. It includes the amount of apparatus, equipment, and personnel available; the time needed to respond and place equipment in action; the water supply; the application of strategy and tactics; the level of training; and all of the components that add up to effective fireground operations.

A.5.2.2
For more information, see NFPA 1250; FEMA, National Fire Academy, “Fire Risk Analysis: A Systems Approach”; and Phoenix, AZ, Fire Department, “Fire Department Evaluation System (FIREDAP).”

A.5.2.2.2
For further information on companies, see 3.3.15 and A. 3.3.15.

A.5.2.2.2.1
Important elements in limiting fire spread are the quick arrival of sufficient personnel and equipment to attack and extinguish the fire as close to the point of its origin as possible.

For more information, see the National Fire Academy’s “Fire Risk Analysis: A Systems Approach,” and, from the Office of the Ontario Fire Marshal, Shaping the Future of Fire Ground Staffing and Delivery Systems Within a Comprehensive Fire Safety Effectiveness Model. For additional information see the Underwriters Laboratory Firefighter Safety Research Institute’s website at www.ulfirefightersafety.org; as well as NIST Technical Note 1797, April 2013; and NIST Technical Note 1661, April 2010.

The ability of adequate fire suppression forces to significantly influence the outcome of a structure fire is undeniable and predictable. Data generated by NFPA and used by the committee in developing this standard provide empirical data that rapid and aggressive interior attack can substantially reduce the human and property losses associated with structure fires [see Table A. 5.2.2.2.1].
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Table A.5.2.2.2.1 Loss Rates by Fire Spread in 2012–2016 Home Structure Fires Flame Spread
Rate per 1000 Fires
Average Dollar
Loss per Fire Civilian Deaths
Civilian
Injuries
Confined fires or contained fire
identified by incident type*

0.0 8.7 $200
Confined fire or fire spread
confined to object of origin

0.4 11.1 $1,200
Confined to room of origin,
including confined fires and
fires confined to object

1.8 23.8 $4,000
Spread beyond the room of
origin but confined to floor of
origin

16.2 76.3 $35,000
Spread beyond the floor of
origin

24.6 55.0 $65,900
Note: Homes include one- and two-family homes (including manufactured housing) and apartments or other multifamily housing. These statistics are national estimates based on fires reported to local U.S. fire departments and so exclude fires reported only to federal or state agencies. National estimates are projections. Casualty and loss projections can be heavily influenced by the inclusion or exclusion of one unusually serious fire. Property damage has not been adjusted for inflation. * The National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS) has six categories of confined structure fires:
cooking fires confined to the cooking vessel; confined chimney or flue fires; confined incinerator fires; confined fuel burner or boiler fires,including delayed ignitions; confined commercial compactor fires; and trash or rubbish fires in a structure with no flame damage to the structure or its contents.

Source: NFIRS and NFPA annual fire experience survey.

A.5.2.2.2.3
The assignment of specific response districts to command officers should be based on the number of companies, workload, and response distances. Department administrative procedures should indicate clearly the jurisdiction of command officers.

A.5.2.2.2.5
For further information on staff aides, see 3.3.58 and A. 3.3.58. 639

A.5.2.4.1.1
The hazards presented by this scenario are not unusual, as all communities respond to fire incidents in this type of structure on a regular basis.

A.5.2.4.2.1
The open-air strip shopping center represents more than 67 percent of types of shopping centers, as described by the International Council of Shopping Centers (ICSC). The ICSC describes these centers as “usually configured in a straight line as a strip, or may be laid out in an L or U shape, depending on the site and design. They consist of an attached row of stores or service outlets managed as a coherent retail entity, with on-site parking usually located in front of the stores. Open canopies may connect the store fronts, but a strip center does not have enclosed walkways linking the stores. The open air strip shopping center may contain between five and 40 stores of varying occupancy types and hazards with three or more being larger, anchor stores such as a discount store, supermarket, drug, or large specialty discount store.”

A.5.2.4.4
See NIST Technical Note 1797, Report on High-Rise Fireground Field Experiments, for more information.

A.5.2.4.5
Some examples of a suspected fire condition could be, but are not limited to, additional calls reporting smoke and odor of something burning. Also, examples of multiple detection signals could be, but are not limited to, heat detection, smoke detection, and water flow detection.

A.5.2.4.6.1
Other occupancies and structures in the community that present greater hazards should be addressed by additional fire fighter functions and additional responding personnel on the initial full alarm assignment. The NFPA Fire Protection Handbook categorizes occupancies in three broad groups:
• (1)
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High-hazard occupancies: schools, hospitals, nursing homes, explosives plants, refineries, high-rise buildings, and other high life hazard or large fire potential occupancies
• (2)
Medium-hazard occupancies: apartments, offices, mercantile, and industrial occupancies not normally requiring extensive rescue or fire-fighting forces • (3)
Low-hazard occupancies: one-, two- or three-family dwellings and scattered small businesses and industrial occupancies
In determining the initial responding force to these occupancies, AHJs must consider the additional potential of fire spread, types of combustibles, increased life hazard, and various tasks that must be accomplished to achieve their mission.

A.5.2.4.6.2
Once units arrive, or a determination is made that other resources are required, additional alarms should be called for and dispatched. Departments should have predetermined procedures for additional alarms. Many departments send the same number and type of units on the second alarm as on the first alarm. Incident commanders can always request unique resources when required. Many departments will only be able to handle additional alarms through automatic or mutual aid agreements that have been previously established.

A.5.3
An EMS system is defined as a comprehensive, coordinated arrangement of resources and functions that are organized to respond in a timely, staged manner to medical emergencies, regardless of their cause. The term system can be applied locally or at the state, provincial, or national level. The fundamental functions of an EMS system are the following:
• (1)
System organization and management
• (2)
Medical direction
• (3)
Human resources and training
641
• (4)
Communications
• (5)
Emergency response
• (6)
Transportation
• (7)
Care facilities
• (8)
Quality assurance
• (9)
Public information and education
• (10)
Disaster medical services
• (11)
Research
• (12)
Special populations

A.5.3.2
The following four functions do not necessarily exist as separate elements in a particular system:
• (1)
The first responding unit can be an advanced life support (ALS) ambulance that can provide ALS treatment and ambulance transportation.
• (2)
The first responding unit can be a fire suppression unit that can provide both initial and advanced-level medical care.
• (3)
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ALS can be provided by the ambulance or by an additional fire suppression unit or a unit that is dedicated to ALS response only.
• (4)
The system might not have ALS treatment capability — only a fire apparatus with fire fighters trained as first responder AED can respond.

A.5.5.6.2
The U.S. Air Force has defined the areas involved in the emergency within 75 ft (23 m) of the aircraft as immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH).

A.5.6
For additional information on marine fire fighting, see NFPA 1405.

A.5.6.5.1
For additional information on marine rescue and fire-fighting vessels, see NFPA 1925.

A.5.7.4.1.2
A system developed by Chief Paul Gleason of the United States Forest Service addresses specific mandatory fire orders in a system termed LCES, which stands for lookout(s), communication(s), escape route(s), and safety zone(s). These four items are to be implemented as an integrated system by a single resource unit, a strike team, or a full assignment. The implementation of LCES is a minimum safety requirement prior to the initiation of any wildland fire-fighting operations.

• Chapter 6
• A.6.2
• Emergency incidents can involve operations that vary considerably in their complexity and scale. The control of these incidents depends on the planned, systematic implementation of an effective fireground organization to accomplish identified objectives. Every fire department, regardless of size, needs a proper system to regulate and direct emergency forces and equipment at both routine and major incidents. The incident management system forms the basic structure of operations, regardless of 643
scale. An effective system is designed to manage incidents of different types, including structure fires, wildland fires, hazardous materials incidents, and medical and other emergencies.
•
• A.6.2.2
• Unlike fire incidents where command is normally predicated by rank structure, EMS patient care is based on statutory recognition of the member with the highest level of medical certification. The recommendation is that departments adopt protocols that define the degree of both member and nonmember involvement in direct patient care based on local standards, medical control, and statutory requirements. •
• A.6.5
• For additional information, see NFPA 1620.

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Annex B — Community-Wide Risk Management Assessment Model This annex is not a part of the requirements of this NFPA document but is included for information purposes only.

B.1
This model is an example of how a community-wide risk assessment plan can be used to protect both citizens and property. While NFPA 1710 is scoped to focus strictly on deployment, staffing, and service levels, it is one component of a total community fire protection planning process. An AHJ can determine other components that could reduce the risks of fire and adopt stronger building and fire prevention codes, enforce those more vigorously, and enhance public life safety education components. This model is included for that purpose. Figure B. 1 illustrates a fire department process map.

Chapter 5 of NFPA 1730 establishes a process to identify and analyze community risks to assist in the development and implementation of a community risk reduction (CRR) plan. Detailed guidance on conducting a CRR plan is provided in Annex B of NFPA 1730.

For other documents on community risk assessment and community risk reduction, see: Fire Service Deployment: Assessing Community Vulnerability, Urban Fire Forum; ISO Fire Suppression Rating Schedule; Community Risk Assessment: Standards of Cover; IFE V2020 CRR 2009 Project Report; IFE V2020 CRR Symposium Report; and Washington Association of State Fire Marshals CRR Project Report.

Figure B.1 Fire Department Process Map.

B.1.1
This annex addresses the need for fire departments to develop an overall “defense-in- depth” strategy for the delivery of fire services. The development of such a strategy 645
should include an assessment of the tools available to the fire service for accomplishing the goals of fire safety.

B.1.2
Fire safety objectives can be defined as those ideas that a department aspires to deliver.

For example, fire department objectives could include such statements as “Maintain injuries and life/property losses as low as reasonably achievable (community and department).” The accomplishment of this objective should not be left to fire-fighting operations alone. See Figure B. 1.2 for fire safety concepts.

Figure B.1.2 Fire Safety Concepts for Fire Department Operations.

B.1.3
Fire prevention is not simply preventing fire. It is the systematic application of codes, standard, engineering principles, and an understanding of human behavior to achieve the objective of limiting the loss of life and property.

B.1.3.1
As outlined in NFPA 1, fire prevention includes egress, construction design, building services, fire protection, and occupancy. All of these elements work together to provide the occupants and fire department personnel with a level of fire safety not otherwise available.

B.1.3.2
By ensuring that each of these elements is balanced, the fire department can maintain a reasonable level of risk for the community and the department.

B.1.3.3
To provide risk management, the fire department must utilize all of the tools available. In order of preference, those tools are as follows:
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• (1)
Fire-safe design and construction
• (2)
Suppression systems
• (3)
Detection systems
• (4)
Occupant fire prevention practices
• (5)
Fire department-conducted fire-safety inspections
• (6)
Fire rescue response
B.1.3.4
A structure designed and constructed to withstand the effects of fire is the most important asset in achieving fire risk management. A structure relying solely on fire rescue response offers the greatest challenge to the occupants and fire department personnel.

B.1.4
Fire impact management is the ability to manage the impact of a fire on occupants and structures. The participation of the fire department in the design, construction, maintenance, and use of a structure provides defense-in-depth against fire losses.

B.1.4.1
Structures that are designed with noncombustible construction, are protected with fire protection systems, and are routinely inspected to ensure appropriate occupant use are most likely to provide the lowest risk levels and therefore are the least difficult to manage.

B.1.4.2
Fire-fighting operations on fully compliant structures for which the fire fighters know the occupancy conditions can be conducted with a plan that commits resources only as necessary to accomplish the pre-established goals.

B.1.4.3
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Pre-established goals for each structure define the commitment of resources in order to limit risk to occupants, the structure, and fire department personnel.

B.1.5 Decision Algorithms.

B.1.5.1
Based on the geographic composition of the response district, the AHJ should take into account any geographic restrictions or areas of geographic isolation when determining response times and responding apparatus. (See Figure B. 1.5.1.)

Figure B.1.5.1 Decision Algorithm.

B.1.5.2
Along with taking into account any geographical restrictions, the AHJ also has to develop an algorithm to address the deployment of staff based on the initial alarm size as well as the known hazards/risks that will be encountered. (See Figure B. 1.5.2.) 648

Figure B.1.5.2 Deployment Algorithm.

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Annex C — NFPA 1710 at a Glance
This annex is not a part of the requirements of this NFPA document but is included for information purposes only.

C.1 Fire Suppression and Special Operations Provisions.

The term company is defined as a group of members who are:
• (1)
Under direct supervision
• (2)
Trained and equipped to perform assigned tasks
• (3)
Organized and identified as engine, ladder, rescue, squad, or multifunctional companies • (4)
Operating at the scene with one apparatus

C.2 Exception.

An exception to a company arriving on one apparatus is as follows:
• (1)
Multiple apparatuses are assigned, dispatched, and arrive together. • (2)
The apparatuses continuously operate together.
• (3)
The apparatuses are managed by a single officer.

An initial alarm is personnel, equipment, and resources ordinarily dispatched upon notification of a structure fire.

C.3 Performance Objectives.

C.3.1
Alarm answering time:
15 sec (95 percent)
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40 sec (99 percent)
C.3.2
Alarm processing time:
64 sec (90 percent)
106 sec (95 percent)
C.3.3
Turnout time:
60 sec EMS
80 sec Fire
C.3.4
First-arriving engine on scene time:
240 sec (4 min)
C.3.5
Second-arriving company on scene time:
300 sec (5 min)
C.3.6
Initial full alarm (low and medium hazard) time:
480 sec (8 min)
C.3.7
Initial full alarm — high hazard/high-rise time:
610 sec (10 min 10 sec)

C.4 Fire Department Response to Certain Incidents.

C.4.1
Fire departments should set forth criteria for various types of incidents to which they are required/expected to respond. These types of incidents should include, but not be limited to, the following:
• (1)
Natural disasters
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• (2)
Acts of terrorism
• (3)
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD)
• (4)
Large-scale mass casualties
C.4.2
Given expected fire-fighting conditions, the number of on-duty members should be determined through task analysis considering the following criteria:
• (1)
Life hazard protected population
• (2)
Safe and effective performance
• (3)
Potential property loss
• (4)
Hazard levels of properties
• (5)
Fireground tactics employed

C.5 Company Staffing (Crew Size) On Duty.

Engine: 4 minimum
High-volume/geographic restrictions: 5 minimum
Tactical hazards dense urban area: 6 minimum
Truck: 4 minimum
High-volume/geographic restrictions: 5 minimum
Tactical hazards dense urban area: 6 minimum
C.5.1
Initial alarm deployment (number of firefighters including officers):
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Low hazard: 15
Medium hazard: 28
High hazard: 43

C.6 Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Provisions.

The fire department should clearly document its role, responsibilities, functions, and objectives for the delivery of EMS. EMS operations should be organized to ensure the fire department’s capability and includes members, equipment, and resources to deploy the initial-arriving company and additional alarm assignments.

C.6.1
EMS treatment levels include the following:
• (1)
First responder
• (2)
Basic life support (BLS)
• (3)
Advanced life support (ALS)
C.6.2
Minimum EMS provision is same as first responder/AED.

The authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) should determine if the fire department provides BLS, ALS, and/or transport. Patient treatment associated with each level of EMS should be determined by the AHJ based on requirements and licensing within each state/province.

On-duty EMS units should be staffed with the minimum number of members necessary for emergency medical care relative to the level of EMS provided by the fire department.

C.6.3
Personnel deployed to ALS emergency responses must include the following:
• (1)
A minimum of two members trained at the emergency medical technician–paramedic level
• (2)
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Two members trained at the BLS level arriving on scene within the established travel time
All fire departments with ALS services should have a named medical director with the responsibility to oversee and ensure quality medical care in accordance with state or provincial laws or regulations, and must have a mechanism for immediate communication with EMS supervision and medical oversight.

C.7 Other Factors.

The following factors should also be taken into consideration:
• (1)
RIC and IRIC
• (2)
Geographic isolation

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Annex D — Response Objectives
This annex is not a part of the requirements of this NFPA document but is included for information purposes only.

D.1 General.

Documenting the benchmarks and response objectives that make up NFPA 1710 is crucial to capturing and tracking data that would be helpful in ensuring the necessary allocation of resources. (See Figure D. 1.)

Figure D.1 Response Objectives.
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Annex E — Informational References
E. 1 Referenced Publications.

The documents or portions thereof listed in this annex are referenced within the informational sections of this standard and are not part of the requirements of this document unless also listed in Chapter 2 for other reasons.

E. 1.1 NFPA Publications.

National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471.

NFPA 1, Fire Code, 2018 edition.

NFPA 1221, Standard for the Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Emergency Services Communications Systems, 2019 edition.

NFPA 1250, Recommended Practice in Fire and Emergency Service Organization Risk Management, 2015 edition.

NFPA 1405, Guide for Land-Based Fire Departments That Respond to Marine Vessel Fires, 2016 edition.

NFPA 1620, Standard for Pre-Incident Planning, 2015 edition.

NFPA 1730, Standard on Organization and Deployment of Fire Prevention Inspection and Code Enforcement, Plan Review, Investigation, and Public Education Operations, 2019 edition.

NFPA 1925, Standard on Marine Fire-Fighting Vessels, 2018 edition.

Fire Protection Handbook, 20th edition, 2008.

E. 1.2 Other Publications.

E. 1.2.1 CPSE Publications.

Center for Public Safety Excellence, Inc., 4501 Singer Court, Suite 180, Chantilly, VA 20151.

Community Risk Assessment: Standards of Cover , 6th edition, 2016.

E. 1.2.2 FEMA Publications.

Federal Emergency Management Agency, 500 C Street, SW, Washington, DC 20472. “Fire Risk Analysis: A Systems Approach,” NFA-SM-FRAS, National Emergency Training Center, National Fire Academy, July 20, 1984.

E. 1.2.3 NIST Publications.

National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.
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NIST Technical Note 1661, Report on Residential Fireground Field Experiments, April 2010.

NIST Technical Note 1797, Report on High-Rise Fireground Field Experiments, April 2013.

E. 1.2.4 U.S. Government Publications.

U.S. Government Publishing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001.

Title 42, U.S. Code, Chapter 116, “Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act,” 2010.

E. 1.2.5 Vision 20/20 Publications.

Vision 20/20, 35 Horner Street, Suite 120, Warrenton, VA 20186.

IFE V2020 Community Risk Reduction (CRR) 2009 Project Report.

IFE V2020 Community Risk Reduction (CRR) Symposium Report.

E. 1.2.6 Other Publications.
“Basic Trauma Life Support for Paramedics and Other Providers,” American College of Emergency Physicians, John Campbell (ed), 1997.

Gerard, John C., and Jacobsen, A. Terry, “Reduced Staffing: At What Cost?,” Fire Service Today, pp. 15–21, September 1981.

Fire Service Deployment: Assessing Community Vulnerability, Urban Fire Forum, 2011.

ISO Fire Suppression Rating Schedule.

Shaping the Future of Fire Ground Staffing and Delivery Systems within a Comprehensive Fire Safety Effectiveness Model, Office of the Ontario Fire Marshal, 1993.

Washington Association of State Fire Marshals CRR Project Report.

E. 2 Informational References.

The following documents or portions thereof are listed here as informational resources only. They are not a part of the requirements of this document.

E. 2.1 AMA Publications.

American Medical Association, AMA Plaza, 330 N. Wabash Avenue, Suite 39300, Chicago, IL 60611-5885.
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“Guidelines 2000 for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiac Care.” 1992. Journal of the American Medical Association, 268(16) (October 28).

E. 2.2 CPSE Publications.

Center for Public Safety Excellence, Inc., 4501 Singer Court, Suite 180, Chantilly, VA 20151.

Fire and Emergency Service Self-Assessment Manuals (FESSAM), 9th edition, Commission on Fire Accreditation International, (CFAI), 2015.

E. 2.3 Government Accounting Standards Board.

Government Accounting Standards Board, 401 Merritt 7, P.O. Box 5116, Norwalk, CT 06856-5116.

E. 2.4 IAFC/IAFF Publications.

International Association of Fire Chiefs/International Association of Fire Fighters.

International Association of Fire Chiefs, 4025 Fair Ridge Drive, Suite 300, Fairfax, VA 22033-2868. International Association of Fire Fighters, 1750 New York Avenue, Suite 300, NW, Washington, DC 20006-5395.

NFPA 1710 Implementation Guide, August 2002.

E. 2.5 IAFF Publications.

International Association of Fire Fighters, 1750 New York Avenue, NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20006.

Emergency Medical Services, A Guidebook for Fire-Based Systems, 4th edition.

Fire Department Based EMS Whitepaper,
http://www.iaff.org/tech/PDF/FB%20EMS%20Whitepaper%20FINAL%20July%205%202 007%20.pdf.
“Fire Service Deployment: Assessing Community Vulnerability,”High-Rise Implementation Guide, second edition.

NFPA 1710 Summary Sheet, http://services.prod.iaff.org/ContentFile/Get/30541.

NFPA 1710 Explainer Video, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f42S9TRc634.

E. 2.6 ICMA Publications.

International City/County Management Association, 777 North Capitol Street, NE, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20002-4201.
“Managing Fire and Rescue Services,” June 2002.
“Interim Report of the Tricom Consortium.”
E. 2.7 IFSTA/FPP Publications.
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IFSTA/FPP , 930 N. Willis, Stillwater, OK 74078.
“Systems Approach to Managing Fire and Life Safety Services,” Dennis Compton.

E. 2.8 ISO Publications.

Insurance Services Office Customer Service Division, 150 West 30th Street, Suite 1101, New York, NY 10001.
“Public Protection Classification Service”; Fire Suppression Rating Schedule.

E. 2.9 UL Publications.

Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, www.ul.com.
https://ulfirefightersafety.org/docs/Analysis_of_Changing_Residential_Fire_Dynamics_a nd_Its_Implications_on_Firefighter_Operational_Timeframes.pdf. https://ulfirefightersafety.org/research-projects/impact-of-fire-attack-on-firefighter-safety- and-occupant-survival.html.

E. 2.10 U.S. Government Publications.

U.S. Government Publishing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001.
“Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support,” American College of Surgeons, Paturaas, Wertz and McSwain (eds), 1999.
“Pediatric Advanced Life Support,” American Heart Association, Besson (ed), 1997.

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.120, “Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response.”
Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.156, “Fire Brigades.” E. 2.11 Other Publications.
“Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured,” American Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Browner (ed), 1999.
“Fire Department Evaluation System (FIREDAP),” Phoenix, AZ Fire Department, December 1991.
“Performance Measurement and Benchmarking Project,” Office of the Ontario Fire Marshal, 2003.

E. 3 References for Extracts in Informational Sections. 660
NFPA 1500™, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program, 2018 edition.

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