Agenda packet — Vernon City Council, August 18, 2026 (part 1 of 4)

Regular City Council Meeting Agenda
August 18, 2026

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Agenda
City of Vernon
Regular City Council Meeting
Tuesday, August 18, 2026, 9:00 AM
City Hall, Council Chamber
4305 S. Santa Fe Avenue, Vernon, California
Melissa Ybarra, Mayor
Jesus Rivera, Mayor Pro Tem
Crystal Larios, Council Member
Judith Merlo, Council Member
Monica Rodriguez, Council Member
Public Participation Options:

In-person: Council Chamber, 4305 S. Santa Fe Avenue, Vernon CA 90058. To provide in-person public comment, submit a speaker card to the City Clerk before the meeting starts or prior to the specific agenda item being called.

Remotely: Members of the public may view the agenda and meeting remotely at CityofVernonca.gov/PublicMeetings To provide public comment remotely, individuals may dial 1 (408) 638-0968, enter Meeting ID: 820 2717 8066 to join the speaking queue, press *9 to raise hand and press *6 to unmute yourself when prompted.

Written Public Comment: Accepted up to two (2) hours prior to meeting start time, submit written comments to [email protected], or mail to 4305 S. Santa Fe Avenue, Vernon, CA 90058. Include the meeting date and item number in the subject line. Written communications are provided to the City Council and filed as part of the City’s administrative record but not read during the meeting.

In the event of any technical difficulties with the video stream on the agenda portal, you may view the live meeting at www.cityofvernonca.gov/LiveMeeting
For more information related to the City Council Meetings you may visit Cityofvernonca.Gov/Councilmeetings
Regular City Council Meeting Agenda
August 18, 2026

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CALL TO ORDER

FLAG SALUTE

ROLL CALL

APPROVAL OF AGENDA

PUBLIC COMMENT
At this time the public is encouraged to address the City Council on any matter that is within the subject matter jurisdiction of the City Council, along with public comment on the Consent Calendar and Closed Session. The public will also be given a chance to comment on matters which are on the posted agenda during City Council deliberation on those specific matters. Public comments are limited to three (3) minutes per speaker, unless a different time limit is announced.

PRESENTATIONS

1. Employee Service Pin Awards
Recommendation:

Recognize July 2026 Employee Service Pin Award recipients.

PUBLIC HEARINGS

2. Conditional Use Permit for Dyrt Labs, Inc to Operate an Indoor Food Waste Composting Facility at 2550 27th Street
Recommendation:

A. Conduct a Public Hearing;
B. Find that the proposed project is categorically exempt from California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review pursuant to Class 32 In-Fill Developments (CEQA Guidelines 15332) and there is no substantial evidence demonstrating that an exception to categorical exemption pursuant to CEQA Guidelines, Section 15300.2 applies, as the project is consistent with the general plan, and the zoning code, the property is less than five (5) acres in size and is surrounded by compatible industrial uses, has no value as habitat for endangered, rare or threatened species, no significant adverse impacts from traffic, parking, noise, dust, dust, air quality, or water quality are expected to occur from this project, and the site can be adequately served by all required utilities and public services; and C. Adopt Resolution No. 2026-038 approving a Conditional Use Permit allowing Dyrt Labs, Inc to operate an indoor food waste composting facility at 2550 27th Street and making certain findings as necessary.

CONSENT CALENDAR
All matters listed on the Consent Calendar may be approved with one motion. Items may be removed from the Consent Calendar for individual consideration. Removed items will be considered immediately following the Consent Calendar.

3. Meeting Minutes
Recommendation:

Approve the August 4, 2026 Regular City Council Meeting Minutes.

Regular City Council Meeting Agenda
August 18, 2026

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4. Claims Against the City
Recommendation:

Receive and file the claim submitted by Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.

5. Operating Account Warrant Register
Recommendation:

Approve Operating Account Warrant Register No. 179, for the period of July 5, 2026 through July 18, 2026, totaling $11,453,786.13 and consisting of ratification of electronic payments totaling $11,193,017.07 and ratification of the issuance of early checks totaling $260,769.06.

6. Redevelopment Agency Obligation Retirement Account Warrant Register Recommendation:

Approve Redevelopment Agency Obligation Retirement Account Warrant Register No. 75, for the period of July 5, 2026 through July 18, 2026 and consisting of ratification of electronic payments totaling $1,000.

7. New Regulations for the Vacant Property Registration Recommendation:

A. Find that the proposed action is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3) and 15378, as an action for which there is no possibility that the ordinance will have any significant effect on the environment; and
B. Adopt Ordinance No. 1314 establishing Chapter 8.58 (Vacant Property Registration) of Title 8 (Health and Safety) of the Vernon Municipal Code pertaining to the mandatory registration and regulatory framework for vacant properties.

8. Fire Department Activity Report
Recommendation:

Receive and file the June 2026 Fire Department Activity Report.

9. Police Department Activity Report
Recommendation:

Receive and file the June 2026 Police Department Activity Report.

10. Extending State of Local Emergency
Recommendation:

Renew Resolution No. 2026-034, ratifying Emergency Proclamation No. 2026-001, a proclamation of local emergency due to the Palos Warehouse Fire.

11. Services Agreement with Jemmott Rollins Group, Inc.

Recommendation:

A. Pursuant to Sections 3.32.220(B) and 3.32.110(B)(3) of the Vernon Municipal Code, find that it is commercially unreasonable to rebid the proposed agreement for administrative support services for Vernon CommUNITY Fund Grant Activities every three years, as a transfer of knowledge to another vendor to perform the unique scope of work would disrupt existing VCF programs and require onerous due diligence and staff time for such a transition; and
B. Approve and authorize the City Administrator to execute a Professional Services Regular City Council Meeting Agenda
August 18, 2026

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Agreement with Jemmott Rollins Group, Inc., in substantially the same form as submitted, for administrative support services for Vernon CommUNITY Fund grant activities for a total amount not-to-exceed $330,000, for a five-year term ($66,000 annually).

12. Federal Equitable Sharing Agreement and Annual Certification Report Recommendation:

Approve and authorize the Police Chief and City Administrator to execute the Fiscal Year 2025-26 Federal Equitable Sharing Agreement and Annual Certification Report.

13. Services Agreement with Ron's Maintenance, Inc.

Recommendation:

A. Find that the proposed action is categorically exempt from California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review, in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15301, because the project consists of the maintenance, repair or minor alteration of existing facilities and involves negligible or no expansion of an existing or former use; B. Approve and authorize the City Administrator to execute a Services Agreement with Ron’s Maintenance, Inc., in substantially the same form as submitted, for catch basin cleaning services as part of the City’s continued effort to comply with the Los Angeles River Trash Total Maximum Daily Loads Program included in the Municipal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit, for a total amount not-to-exceed $333,094, for a three-year term; and
C. Authorize a contingency amount of 15% (or $49,965) for extra basin inspections or cleaning services that may be needed, and grant authority to the City Administrator to issue Change Orders for an amount up to the contingency amount, if necessary.

14. Agreement between the Cities of Maywood and Vernon for Traffic Signal Maintenance at the Intersection of Downey Road and Slauson/Malburg Way Recommendation:

A. Find that the proposed action is categorically exempt under the California Environmentally Quality Act (“CEQA”) review in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15301, because the project consists of the maintenance, repair or minor alteration of existing facilities and involves negligible or no expansion of an existing use; and B. Approve and authorize the Mayor to execute the Agreement between the Representative Cities of Maywood and Vernon for Traffic Signal Maintenance, in substantially the same form as submitted, for a term of five years.

15. Statement of Work with Advanced Utility Systems, a division of N. Harris Computer Corporation
Recommendation:

A. Approve and authorize the City Administrator to execute a Statement of Work with Advanced Utility Systems, a division of N. Harris Computer Corporation, in substantially the same form as submitted, to provide technical support for the setup and implementation of Vernon Public Utility’s existing Fiber Services with Infinity Customer Information System Version 5.0 software, in an amount not-to-exceed $57,375; and B. Authorize a contingency amount of 10% (or $5,738) to cover any unforeseen expenses and grant authority to the City Administrator to approve and execute amendments up to the contingency amount, if necessary.

16. Services Agreement with 1155 Infrastructure Solutions, LLC Recommendation:

Regular City Council Meeting Agenda
August 18, 2026

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17. Purchase Contract with Sulzer Pump Services (US) Inc.

Recommendation:

A. Find that the proposed action is categorically exempt from California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review, in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15301, because the project consists of the maintenance, repair or minor alteration of existing equipment and involves negligible or no expansion of an existing or former use; B. Approve and authorize the issuance of a Purchase Contract with Sulzer Pump Services (US) Inc. for the complete overhaul and refurbishment of a Sulzer boiler feed water pump, for an amount not-to-exceed $142,217.61; and
C. Authorize a contingency amount of 10% (or $14,221.76) in the event of unforeseen expenses that might arise during the overhaul process, and grant authority to the City Administrator to approve and execute change orders up to the contingency amount, if necessary.

NEW BUSINESS

18. Regular Vernon City Council Meeting Times
Recommendation:

Discuss meeting times for regular meetings of the City Council and provide direction to staff regarding potential changes.

19. Zoning: Permitted Use Cross-Reference Matrix
Recommendation:

A. Receive and file the Permitted Use Cross-Reference Matrix; and B. Provide direction to staff on any desired amendments to Title 17 of the Vernon Municipal Code to reclassify certain land uses currently allowed by-right to require a higher level of discretionary review through Conditional Use Permits or Development Agreements.

20. Emergency Donations to Nonprofit Organizations Responding to the Palos Warehouse Fire
Recommendation:

A. Find that providing financial support to nonprofit organizations responding to the Palos Warehouse Fire serves a public purpose and benefits Vernon area communities; and B. Approve and authorize emergency donations in the amount of $10,000 each ($30,000 in total) to 1) InnerCity Struggle; 2) Labor Community Services Los Angeles; and 3) Proyecto Pastoral at Dolores Mission, nonprofit organizations that have provided aid to families and individuals affected by the Palos Warehouse Fire, and authorize the City Administrator to execute any related documentation to facilitate the donations.

ORAL REPORTS
Regular City Council Meeting Agenda
August 18, 2026

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21. City Administrator Reports on Activities and Other Announcements

22. Council Reports on Activities (including AB 1234), Announcements, or Directives to Staff

CLOSED SESSION

23. Conference with Legal Counsel – Existing Litigation Government Code Section 54956.9(d)(1)
Justin Simpson v. City of Vernon
Workers Compensation Claim Nos. 19002971 and 24000966
Workers Compensation Appeals Board Case Nos. ADJ22043453 and ADJ18514043

24. Conference with Legal Counsel – Existing Litigation Government Code Section 54956.9(d)(1)
Arbitration Appeal by Justin Simpson

25. Public Employee Performance Evaluation (Annual)
Government Code Section 54957
Title: City Attorney

CLOSED SESSION REPORT

ADJOURNMENT
On August 13, 2026, the foregoing agenda was posted in accordance with the applicable legal requirements. Regular and Adjourned Regular meeting agendas may be amended up to 72 hours and Special meeting agendas may be amended up to 24 hours in advance of the meeting.

Regular City Council Meeting Agenda
August 18, 2026

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Guide to City Council Proceedings
Meetings of the City Council are held the first and third Tuesday of each month at 9:00 a.m. and are conducted in accordance with Rosenberg's Rules of Order (Vernon Municipal Code Section 2.04.020).

Copies of all agenda items and back-up materials are available for review in the City Clerk Department, Vernon City Hall, 4305 Santa Fe Avenue, Vernon, California, and are available for public inspection during regular business hours, Monday through Thursday, 7:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. Agenda reports may be reviewed on the City's website at www.cityofvernonca.gov or copies may be purchased for $0.20 per page.

Disability-related services are available to enable persons with a disability to participate in this meeting, consistent with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). In compliance with ADA, if you need special assistance, please contact the City Clerk department at [email protected] or (323) 583-8811 at least 48 hours prior to the meeting to assure arrangements can be made.

The general Public Comment portion of the agenda is for members of the public to present items, which are not listed on the agenda but are within the subject matter jurisdiction of the City Council, the Consent Calendar and Closed Session. The City Council cannot take action on any item that is not on the agenda, but matters raised under Public Comment may be referred to staff or scheduled on a future agenda. Public Comment for Public Hearings and New Business items will be heard during the consideration of the item. Comments are limited to three minutes per speaker unless a different time limit is announced. Speaker slips are available at the entrance to the Council Chamber.

Public Hearings are legally noticed hearings. For hearings involving zoning matters, the applicant and appellant will be given 15 minutes to present their position to the City Council. Time may be set aside for rebuttal. All other testimony shall follow the rules as set for under Public Comment. If you challenge any City action in court, you may be limited to raising only those issues you or someone else raised during the public hearing, or in written correspondence delivered to the City Clerk at or prior to the public hearing.

Consent Calendar items may be approved by a single motion. If a Council Member or the public wishes to discuss an item, it may be removed from the calendar for individual consideration. Council Members may indicate a negative or abstaining vote on any individual item by so declaring prior to the vote on the motion to adopt the Consent Calendar. Items excluded from the Consent Calendar will be taken up following action on the Consent Calendar. Public speakers shall follow the guidelines as set forth under Public Comment.

New Business items are matters appearing before the Council for the first time for formal action. Those wishing to address the Council on New Business items shall follow the guidelines for Public Comment.

Closed Session allows the Council to discuss specific matters pursuant to the Brown Act, Government Code Section 54956.9. Based on the advice of the City Attorney, discussion of these matters in open session would prejudice the position of the City. The public can comment on Closed Session matters during the general Public Comment portion of the meeting. Following Closed Session, the City Attorney will provide an oral report on any reportable matters discussed and actions taken. At the conclusion of Closed Session, the Council may continue any item listed on the Closed Session agenda to the Open Session agenda for discussion or to take formal action as it deems appropriate.

City Council Agenda Report
Meeting Date: August 18, 2026
From: Su Tan, Director of Human Resources
Department: Human Resources
Submitted by: Veronica Avendano, Human Resources Analyst Subject
Employee Service Pin Awards
Recommendation
Recognize July 2026 Employee Service Pin Award recipients.

Background
The following employees are eligible to receive their service pin based on the number of service years with the City of Vernon:

TWENTY YEARS OF SERVICE
Ernesto Smith, Information Technology Manager, Hired July 2006

TEN YEARS OF SERVICE
Rodolfo Perez, Gas Systems Technician, Hired July 2016
Strategic Plan Goals
Goal 1: Strengthen City Credibility and Partnerships
Fiscal Impact
There is no fiscal impact associated with this report.

Attachments
None.
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City Council Agenda Report
Meeting Date: August 18, 2026
From: Daniel S. Wall, P.E., Director of Public Works-City Engineer Department: Public Works
Submitted by: Dulce Gonzalez, Management Analyst
Subject
Conditional Use Permit for Dyrt Labs, Inc to Operate an Indoor Food Waste Composting Facility at 2550 27th Street
Recommendation
A. Conduct a Public Hearing;
B. Find that the proposed project is categorically exempt from California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review pursuant to Class 32 In-Fill Developments (CEQA Guidelines 15332) and there is no substantial evidence demonstrating that an exception to categorical exemption pursuant to CEQA Guidelines, Section 15300.2 applies, as the project is consistent with the general plan, and the zoning code, the property is less than five (5) acres in size and is surrounded by compatible industrial uses, has no value as habitat for endangered, rare or threatened species, no significant adverse impacts from traffic, parking, noise, dust, dust, air quality, or water quality are expected to occur from this project, and the site can be adequately served by all required utilities and public services; and C. Adopt Resolution No. 2026-038 approving a Conditional Use Permit allowing Dyrt Labs, Inc to operate an indoor food waste composting facility at 2550 27th Street and making certain findings as necessary.

Background
A Conditional Use Permit (CUP) provides flexibility within zoning ordinances and allows for the proper integration of uses into the community that may be suitable only in specific locations, designed and constructed in a particular manner, or subject to certain conditions. A CUP requires City Council approval as noted in Chapter 17.72 of the Vernon Municipal Code (VMC), which specifies the conditions that must be met and the appropriate process for granting a CUP.

An application was submitted for a CUP (Attachment 4) allowing Dyrt Labs, Inc. (the Applicant) to operate an indoor food waste composting facility at 2550 27th Street (the Property). The facility will receive source-separated organic waste and process it into nutrient-rich compost using a proprietary in-vessel aerobic system. The finished compost is intended to rejuvenate depleted soils, improve water retention, and supply slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to plants. The facility will accept only non-hazardous organic waste; no other municipal solid waste will be received. The existing building is approximately 28,000 square feet on a 1.08-acre lot. No new structures will be built on the property.

Project
The proposed project is a composting operation that will employ approximately twenty-five (25) people and will operate 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

Vehicle Movements and Access
The proposed project will provide thirty-two (32) automobile parking spaces and four (4) truck loading spaces. Located on a cul-de-sac on 27th Street, the site will be accessed via the existing driveway on 27th Street, which is adequate in size and pavement type to handle the traffic generated by the proposed project. It is estimated that the project will generate approximately ... ...

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eighty (80) vehicle round-trips per day. Given its location, prior use, and hours of operation, the proposed project will not adversely affect traffic in the area.

Zoning and General Plan Consistency
The proposed project will be consistent with the City’s General Plan upon approval of the CUP.

Section 17.22.030 of the Vernon Municipal Code authorizes recycling facilities in the I Zone with a CUP.

CEQA Analysis
The proposed project is surrounded by compatible industrial uses, the project is consistent with the general plan, and the zoning code, the property is less than five (5) acres in size and has no value as habitat for endangered, rare or threatened species, no significant adverse impacts from traffic, parking, noise, dust, dust, air quality, or water quality are expected to occur from this project, and the site can be adequately served by all required utilities and public services. Staff have determined that the project is categorically exempt from CEQA pursuant to Class 32 In-Fill Developments (CEQA Guidelines 15332).

State and Federal Conditions
All State, Federal and local regulatory permits shall be obtained as required for the operation.

Staff Findings
Section 17.72.060 of the VMC states that a Conditional Use Permit shall not be granted unless all of the findings listed below have been made. Staff concludes that the following findings can be made, and recommends that they be made in the following manner:
a. The lot for the proposed use is adequate in size, shape, and topography, including required drainage and landscaping.
i. The project provides adequate parking and truck staging and is adequate in size, shape, and topography for the proposed use.
ii. The site will be constructed to ensure that the drainage and landscaping conform to the requirements of the VMC.
b. The use permitted will not have a material adverse impact on the public. i. The proposed site is surrounded by industrial and warehouse uses and is compatible with the proposed use. The food composting operations will occur within fully enclosed in-vessel systems housed inside the existing warehouse. The facility processes food and green waste using proprietary aerobic composting technology with carbon-filtration exhaust systems, minimizing emissions and odors. The nearest sensitive receptor (residential) is located approximately 0.85 miles (4,488 feet) southwest of the site. The facility will comply with SCAQMD Rules 402 and 410, CalRecycle Title 14 requirements, and all conditions of approval.
ii. Operations support California's SB 1383 mandate to reduce organic waste in landfills by 75%, providing a public benefit through waste diversion and greenhouse gas reduction.
iii. The conditions on the Project ensure that the proposed use will not adversely affect the interests of the public or the interests of other residents and property owners in the surrounding vicinity.
iv. The proposed site is adequately serviced by nearby streets that have sufficient capacity.
v. The amount of noise and traffic generated by the proposed use is negligible and will not adversely affect the public or surrounding property owners. ...
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c. The proposed use is compatible with the existing authorized uses on surrounding and adjacent properties.
i. The proposed use is similar to manufacturing, transportation and warehousing uses of surrounding and adjacent properties.
d. The lot has adequate off-street parking and loading facilities, and vehicle maneuverability for the proposed use.
i. The lot will provide adequate off-street parking and loading facilities. ii. All parking and loading activities will remain within the existing lot and will not interfere with vehicle maneuverability or traffic flow and will not affect neighboring properties.
e. The location, operation and design for the proposed use are consistent with the General Plan, any applicable specific plan and the City’s zoning regulations. i. The proposed use is consistent with the City’s Zoning Code and General Plan with the approval of a CUP
f. The use is consistent with all applicable Federal, State, and local laws, rules and regulations.
i. The proposed use is consistent with all applicable Federal, State, and local laws, rules and regulations because the conditions of approval require the Applicant to obtain and maintain all required permits.
g. The proposed use will not have a significant adverse impact on the general welfare as a result of noise, increased traffic, interference with the flow of traffic, or dust. i. The proposed project will not adversely impact the general welfare because sufficient parking, loading and maneuvering will be provided on site. The project has access to 27th Street, which is of adequate size and pavement type to handle the traffic generated by the proposed project.
ii. The proposed project will not cause excess noise or dust. h. The conditions applied to the permit are necessary to protect the public health, safety, and general welfare.
i. All of the conditions imposed on the Project are necessary to protect the public health, safety and general welfare because the conditions are limited in nature and ensure that the property is used in a manner consistent with that represented by the applicant.

Conditions
Staff recommend that the following conditions be imposed on the permit. These conditions are necessary to protect the public health, safety and general welfare:
a. The facility shall be operated in accordance with all current codes, rules, and regulations adopted by the City of Vernon, the State of California and other governmental agencies not otherwise addressed by this CUP, and is subject to all applicable fees. b. The facility shall be operated in a manner that prevents unsanitary conditions, vermin, odors and other nuisances.
c. The in-vessel digestion operation shall be conducted entirely within the building. No operation or material staging shall occur outdoors.
d. All work shall conform to City Standards. No changes shall be made to the approved site plan or installed equipment except with the prior approval from the Director of Public Works – City Engineer.
e. The facility shall be operated in a manner that will not impede traffic on 27th Street. No truck maneuvering, truck staging or truck parking associated with the facility shall take place offsite or on the public street without prior approval from the Public Works Department.
f. The property owner and any successors in interest shall indemnify, hold harmless and ...
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defend the City of Vernon, its officers, agents and employees from and all claims, complaints or petitions for: (1) damages, losses expenses resulting from bodily injury, sickness, disease, disability or death arising from the operation of the facility excluding claim resulting from the sole negligence or intentional misconduct of the City, its officers, agents or employees; (2) a peremptory writ or other relief by way of injunction, mandamus, or administrative mandamus; and (3) legal expenses and attorney’s fees incurred by the City of Vernon on behalf of any party in such actions. The City of Vernon does not waive its right to participate in the defense of any such action.
g. The facility shall conform with South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule 402 (Nuisance) and Rule 410 (Odors from Transfer Stations and Waste Recovery Facilities).
h. The facility shall meet all applicable requirements of Section 17407.2 (Cleaning) of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.
i. The Permittee shall provide the City with a Pest Control Management Plan for review and approval by the City prior to commencing operations and shall implement approved plan.

The City may require modifications to the plan at any time.

At a minimum, the plan shall include the following:
• Assessment and Identification
• Prevention Strategies
• Treatment Methods
• Monitoring and Maintenance
• Documentation and Compliance
j. The Permittee shall submit a Waste Management Plan for City review and approval prior to commencing operations and shall implement the approved plan. The City may require modifications to the plan at any time.

At a minimum, the plan shall include the following:
• Waste source identification
• Waste collection and handling
• Composting process management
• Facility maintenance and safety
• End-Product Utilization
k. The Permittee shall provide an Odor Management Plan for City review and approval prior to commencing operations and shall implement the approved plan. The City may require modifications to the plan at any time. At a minimum, the plan shall require the following:
• Minimizing onsite waste storage, in both the facility and loaded trailers, by immediately loading odorous or potentially odorous waste into composting vessels.
• Incorporating odor neutralizing systems.
• Remove all waste from the tipping floor/pit and box at the end of each operating day, then clean those areas to remove residual material. • Use enclosed trailers whenever loaded trailers must sit on site temporarily before transfer.
• Remove containers, trailers and trucks containing waste from the site at the end of each operating day.
• ”First-in, first-out” waste handling so that waste does not sit on site for extended periods.
• Regular cleaning of site, building catch basins, floor drains, and drainage systems to prevent buildup of odor-causing residue.
• Periodic treatment of drainage systems with odor-neutralizing and bacteriainhibiting solutions. • Diversion of odorous waste loads to other facilities during adverse weather ...
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conditions.
• Refusal of highly odorous waste.
• Practicing other “good housekeeping” measures, including regularly cleaning and disinfection of containers, equipment, and surfaces that contact waste. • An overhead misting system for dust and odor control, with odor neutralizers distributed through nozzles at building entrances, above the tipping floor and at the trailer load out area. The system shall remain operational during all receiving hours and whenever waste-handling activities occur.
l. The Permittee shall submit a Liter Control Plan for City review and approval prior to commencing operations. The City may require modifications to the plan at any time. At a minimum, the plan shall require:
• Installation, at each point of vehicle egress from the site, a wheel shaker/wheel spreading device consisting of raised dividers (rails, pipes, or grates) at least 24 feet long remove bulk waste from tires and vehicle undercarriages before vehicles exit the site. Devices shall be maintained as necessary to remove accumulated waste.
• Removal, by the end of each workday or shift, of all waste tracked onto the public right-of-way by vehicles entering or exiting the site, including waste liquids, regardless of distance from the site
• Regular inspection of truck seals to prevent spillage to and from the site, and compliance with all track-out mitigation requirements.
• Maintenance of current 24-hour contact information, provided to the Public Works Department, for a person authorized to promptly implement odor and litter control measures.
m. The Permittee shall maintain a daily operational log for source separated organics processed, including, the date of operation, the weight processed that day in tons per day (TPD), and the cumulative weight of processed since the beginning of the calendar month. The records shall be kept and maintained for a minimum of two years and shall be made available to the City personnel upon request.
n. All records required by SCAQMD to demonstrate compliance with its permit, including records of inspections, corrective actions, and monitoring, shall be retained for a minimum of two years and shall be made available to City personnel upon request. o. Outdoor equipment and vehicle storage and activities shall be screened or otherwise hidden so as not to be visible from the street. The screen shall be maintained in good condition.
p. The property owner shall submit written acceptance of and agreement with these conditions within thirty (30) days of the date this CUP is approved. The CUP shall be void if written acceptance is not submitted within that period. q. All structures, equipment and vehicles on or immediately adjacent to the Property shall be maintained free of graffiti. Graffiti shall be removed within 24 hours of initial discovery. r. At all times, the site shall be maintained in good condition, free of weeds, rubbish and debris, and secured from public access.
s. City staff shall inspect at least monthly to ensure compliance with these conditions. t. Noncompliance with any of these conditions constitutes grounds for the City to void this CUP, disconnect utilities, and/or pursue appropriate enforcement action including citation and/or fines for a violation.
u. Prior to commencing operations, the Permittee shall submit a Fire Prevention and Life Safety Plan addressing the storage, handling, and processing of organic material and including measures to detect and prevent self-heating and spontaneous combustion of feedstock and compost piles, for review and approval by the Los Angeles County Fire Department and the City. The facility shall at all times comply with applicable fire code ...
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requirements.
v. The Permittee shall maintain a written Employee Health and Safety Plan addressing exposure to dust, bioaerosols, and equipment hazards associated with composting operations. All employees shall be trained on the plan, which shall be made available to City personnel upon request.
w. The Permittee shall obtain and comply with all applicable stormwater discharge permits, including Industrial General Permit coverage under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) if applicable. All process water, leachate, and contact water shall be contained on site and shall not be discharged to the storm drain system. x. The facility shall comply with the noise standards set forth in the VMC. If operations result in noise levels exceeding those standards at the property line, the Permittee shall implement noise abatement measures as directed by the City. y. The facility shall not accept hazardous waste or any waste other than source-separated organic waste. The Permittee shall maintain a written protocol for identifying, rejecting, and properly disposing of any prohibited or contaminated material inadvertently received, and shall notify the City and any applicable regulatory agency within 24 hours of any such occurrence.
z. Prior to commencing operations, the Permittee shall submit a Contingency and Closure Plan describing the procedures for safely ceasing operations and removing all stored material and waste from the Property, including financial assurance in a form acceptable to the City.
aa.The Permittee shall maintain commercial general liability insurance in an amount and form acceptable to the City, naming the City of Vernon as an additional insured, and shall provide evidence of coverage annually.
bb.This CUP shall be subject to administrative review by the Director of Public Works – City Engineer one year after commencement of operations, and periodically thereafter as the City determines, to confirm compliance with all conditions of approval.

Public Hearing
In accordance with VMC Sections 17.72.040 and 17.68.040 a public hearing has been properly noticed for August 18, 2026 (Attachments 2 and 3).

Strategic Plan Goals
Goal 3: Advance Sustainability and Environmental Stewardship Fiscal Impact
There is no direct fiscal impact associated with the approval of the Conditional Use Permit.

The City received a Conditional Use Permit processing fee of $18,691, which was recorded in the General Fund, Licenses/Permits/Franchises, Conditional Use Permits Revenue Account No. 011-410-000-410280.

Attachments

1. Resolution No. 2026-038

2. Notice of Public Hearing – Proof of Publication

3. Affidavit of Mailing

4. Conditional Use Permit Application

5. Dyrt Labs Presentation
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RESOLUTION NO. 2026-038

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF VERNON

APPROVING A CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT FOR DYRT LABS, INC TO

OPERATE AN INDOOR FOOD WASTE COMPOSTING FACILITY AT
2550 27TH STREET AND MAKING CERTAIN FINDINGS IN CONNECTION

THEREWITH
SECTION 1. Recitals.

A. The City of Vernon received an application for a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) allowing Dyrt Labs, Inc to operate an indoor food waste composting facility at 2550 27th Street (Property). The facility will receive source-separated non-hazardous organic waste and process it into nutrient-rich compost using a proprietary in-vessel aerobic system.

B. The Property is approximately 1.08 acres in size with an existing 28,000 square foot building. The Property was previously occupied by a warehousing business. The City General Plan designates this Property for industrial use, and it is in the trucking and transportation overlay zone. The development and performance standards and regulations set forth in 17.22.070 of the Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance of the City of Vernon apply to the proposed project.

C. The City Council of the City of Vernon held a public hearing on August 18, 2026, with notice of said public hearing having been duly given as required by law and in accordance with Vernon Municipal Code Sections 17.72.040 and 17.72.050, to hear and consider evidence for and against the proposed Conditional Use Permit and to make findings and determinations inconnection therewith.

D. The City Council of the City of Vernon, after due inspection, investigation, and study made by itself and on its behalf, and after due consideration of all evidence and reports offered at said hearing with respect to the request for a Conditional Use Permit, does find and determine the following:

1. The proposed project is categorically exempt from California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review pursuant to Class 32 In-Fill Developments (CEQA Guidelines 15332) and there is no substantial evidence demonstrating that an exception to categorical exemption pursuant to CEQA Guidelines, Section 15300.2 applies, as the property is surrounded with compatible industrial uses, is less than five (5) acres in size, and has no value as habitat for endangered, rare or threatened species, no significant adverse impacts from traffic, parking, noise, dust, dust, air quality, or water quality are expected to occur from this project, and the site can be adequately served by all required utilities and public services.

2. Pursuant to the Vernon Municipal Code Section 17.72.060, a Conditional Use Permit shall not be granted unless all the following findings have been made. ...
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The City Council concludes that the following findings can be made:
a. The lot for the proposed use is adequate in size, shape and topography, including required drainage and landscaping.
i. The project provides adequate parking and truck staging and is adequate in size, shape and topography for the proposed use. ii. The site will be constructed to ensure that the drainage and landscaping conform to the requirements of the VMC.
b. The use permitted will not have a material adverse impact on the public. i. The proposed site is surrounded by industrial and warehouse uses and is compatible with the proposed use. The food composting operations will occur within fully enclosed in-vessel systems housed inside the existing warehouse. The facility processes food waste and green waste using proprietary aerobic composting technology with carbon filtration exhaust systems, minimizing emissions and odors.

The nearest sensitive receptor (residential) is located approximately

0.85 miles (4,488 feet) southwest of the site. The facility will comply with SCAQMD Rules 402 and 410, CalRecycle Title 14 requirements, and all conditions of approval.
ii. Operations support California's SB 1383 mandate to reduce organic waste in landfills by 75%, providing a public benefit through waste diversion and greenhouse gas reduction.
iii. The conditions on the Project ensure that the proposed use will not adversely affect the interest of the public or the interests of other residents and property owners in the surrounding vicinity. iv. The proposed site is adequately serviced by nearby streets that have sufficient capacity.
v. The amount of noise and traffic generated by the proposed use is negligible and will not adversely affect the public or surrounding property owners.
c. The proposed use is compatible with the existing authorized uses on surrounding and adjacent properties.
i. The proposed use is similar to manufacturing, transportation and warehousing uses of surrounding and adjacent properties. d. The lot has adequate off-street parking and loading facilities, and vehicle maneuverability for the proposed use.
i. The lot will provide adequate off-street parking and loading facilities. ii. All parking and loading activities will remain within the existing lot and will not interfere with vehicle maneuverability or traffic flow and will not affect neighboring properties.
e. The location, operation and design for the proposed use are consistent with the General Plan, any applicable specific plan and the City’s zoning regulations.
i. The proposed use is consistent with the City’s Zoning Code and General Plan upon approval of a CUP.
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f. The use is consistent with all applicable Federal, State, and local laws, rules and regulations.
i. The proposed use is consistent with all applicable Federal, State, and local laws, rules and regulations because the conditions of approval require the Applicant to obtain and maintain all required permits. g. The proposed use will not have a significant adverse impact on the general welfare from noise, increased traffic, interference with the flow of traffic, or dust.
i. Sufficient on-site parking, loading and maneuvering area will be provided, and the project has access to 27th Street, which is of adequate size and pavement type to handle the traffic generated by the proposed project.
ii. The proposed project will not cause excess noise or dust. h. The conditions applied to the permit are necessary to protect the public health, safety, and general welfare.
i. All of the conditions imposed on the Project are necessary to protect the public health, safety and general welfare because the conditions are limited in nature and ensure that the property is used in a manner consistent with that represented by the applicant.

3. Pursuant to the Vernon Municipal Code section 17.72.100, the City Council has imposed the following conditions on the conditional use permit to protect the public health, safety and welfare:
a. The facility shall be operated in accordance with all current codes, rules, and regulations adopted by the City of Vernon, the State of California and other governmental agencies not otherwise addressed by this CUP, and is subject to all applicable fees.
b. The facility shall be operated in a manner that prevents unsanitary conditions, vermin, odors and other nuisances.
c. The in-vessel digestion operation shall be conducted entirely within the building. No operation or material staging shall occur outdoors. d. All work shall conform to City Standards. No changes shall be made to the approved site plan or installed equipment except with the prior approval from the Director of Public Works – City Engineer.
e. The facility shall be operated in a manner that will not impede traffic on 27th Street. No truck maneuvering, truck staging or truck parking associated with the facility shall take place offsite or on the public street without prior approval from the Public Works Department.
f. The property owner and any successors in interest shall indemnify, hold harmless and defend the City of Vernon, its officers, agents and employees from and all claims, complaints or petitions for: (1) damages, losses expenses resulting from bodily injury, sickness, disease, disability or death arising from the operation of the facility excluding claim resulting from the sole negligence or intentional misconduct of the City, its officers, agents or employees; (2) a peremptory writ or other relief by way of injunction, ...
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_______________________
mandamus, or administrative mandamus; and (3) legal expenses and attorney’s fees incurred by the City of Vernon on behalf of any party in such actions. The City of Vernon does not waive its right to participate in the defense of any such action.
g. The facility shall conform with South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule 402 (Nuisance) and Rule 410 (Odors from Transfer Stations and Waste Recovery Facilities).
h. The facility shall meet all applicable requirements of Section 17407.2 (Cleaning) of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations. i. The Permittee shall provide the City with a Pest Control Management Plan for review and approval by the City prior to commencing operations and shall implement the approved plan. The City may require modifications to the plan at any time. At a minimum, the plan shall include the following:
• Assessment and Identification
• Prevention Strategies
• Treatment Methods
• Monitoring and Maintenance
• Documentation and Compliance
j. The Permittee shall submit a Waste Management Plan for City review and approval prior commencing operations and shall implement the approved plan. The City may require modifications to the plan at any time. At a minimum, the plan shall include the following:
• Waste source identification
• Waste collection and handling
• Composting process management
• Facility maintenance and safety
• End-Product Utilization
k. The Permittee shall provide an Odor Management Plan for City review and approval prior to commencing operations and shall implement the approved plan. The City may require modifications to the plan at any time. At a minimum, the plan shall require the following:
• Minimizing onsite waste storage, in both the facility and loaded trailers, by immediately loading odorous or potentially odorous waste into composting vessels.
• Incorporating odor-neutralizing systems.
• Remove all waste from the tipping floor/pit and box at the end of each operating day, then clean those areas to remove residual material. • Use enclosed trailers whenever loaded trailers must sit on site temporarily before transfer.
• Remove containers, trailers and trucks containing waste from the site at the end of each operating day.
• ”First-in, first-out” waste handling so that waste does not sit on site for extended periods.
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• Regular cleaning of site, building catch basins, floor drains, and drainage systems to prevent buildup of odor-causing residue. • Periodic treatment of drainage systems with odor-neutralizing and bacteria-inhibiting solutions.
• Diversion of odorous waste loads to other facilities during adverse weather conditions.
• Refusal of highly odorous waste.
• Practicing other “good housekeeping” measures, including regularly cleaning and disinfection of containers, equipment, and surfaces that contact waste.
• An overhead misting system for dust and odor control, with odor neutralizers distributed through nozzles at building entrances, above the tipping floor and at the trailer load out area. The system shall remain operational during all receiving hours and whenever wastehandling activities occur. l. The Permittee shall submit a Liter Control Plan for City review and approval prior to commencing operations. The City may require modifications to the plan at any time. At a minimum, the plan shall require:
• Installation, at each point of vehicle egress from the site, a wheel shaker/wheel spreading device consisting of raised dividers (rails, pipes, or grates) at least 24 feet long remove bulk waste from tires and vehicle undercarriages before vehicles exit the site. Devices shall be maintained as necessary to remove accumulated waste. • Removal, by the end of each workday or shift, of all waste tracked onto the public right-of-way by vehicles entering or exiting the site, including waste liquids, regardless of distance from the site. • Regular inspection of truck seals to prevent spillage to and from the site, and compliance with all track-out mitigation requirements. • Maintenance of current 24-hour contact information, provided to the Public Works Department, for a person authorized to promptly implement odor and litter control measures.
m. The Permittee shall maintain a daily operational log for source separated organics processed, including, the date of operation, the weight processed that day in tons per day (TPD), and the cumulative weight of processed since the beginning of the calendar month. The records shall be kept and maintained for a minimum of two years and shall be made available to the City personnel upon request.
n. All records required by SCAQMD to demonstrate compliance with its permit, including records of inspections, corrective actions, and monitoring, shall be retained for a minimum of two years and shall be made available to City personnel upon request.
o. Outdoor equipment and vehicle storage and activities shall be screened or otherwise hidden so as not to be visible from the street. The screen shall be maintained in good condition.
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_______________________
p. The property owner shall submit written acceptance of and agreement with these conditions within thirty (30) days of the date this CUP is approved. The CUP shall be void if written acceptance is not submitted within that period. q. All structures, equipment and vehicles on or immediately adjacent to the Property shall be maintained free of graffiti. Graffiti shall be removed within 24 hours of initial discovery.
r. At all times, the site shall be maintained in good condition, free of weeds, rubbish and debris, and secured from public access.
s. City staff shall inspect at least monthly to ensure compliance with these conditions.
t. Noncompliance with any of these conditions constitutes grounds for the City to void this CUP, disconnect utilities, and/or pursue appropriate enforcement action including citation and/or fines for a violation. u. Prior to commencing operations, the Permittee shall submit a Fire Prevention and Life Safety Plan addressing the storage, handling, and processing of organic material and including measures to detect and prevent self-heating and spontaneous combustion of feedstock and compost piles, for review and approval by the Los Angeles County Fire Department and the City. The facility shall at all times comply with applicable Fire Code requirements.
v. The Permittee shall maintain a written Employee Health and Safety Plan addressing exposure to dust, bioaerosols, and equipment hazards associated with composting operations. All employees shall be trained on the plan, which shall be made available to City personnel upon request. w. The Permittee shall obtain and comply with all applicable stormwater discharge permits, including Industrial General Permit coverage under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) if applicable. All process water, leachate, and contact water shall be contained on site and shall not be discharged to the storm drain system.
x. The facility shall comply with the noise standards set forth in the VMC. If operations result in noise levels exceeding those standards at the property line, the Permittee shall implement noise abatement measures as directed by the City.
y. The facility shall not accept hazardous waste or any waste other than source-separated organic waste. The Permittee shall maintain a written protocol for identifying, rejecting, and properly disposing of any prohibited or contaminated material inadvertently received, and shall notify the City and any applicable regulatory agency within 24 hours of any such occurrence. z. Prior to commencing operations, the Permittee shall submit a Contingency and Closure Plan describing the procedures for safely ceasing operations and removing all stored material and waste from the Property, including financial assurance in a form acceptable to the City.
aa.The Permittee shall maintain commercial general liability insurance in an amount and form acceptable to the City, naming the City of Vernon as an ...
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_______________________
additional insured, and shall provide evidence of coverage annually. bb.This CUP shall be subject to administrative review by the Director of Public Works – City Engineer one year after commencement of operations, and periodically thereafter as the City determines, to confirm compliance with all conditions of approval.

The City Council of the City of Vernon determines that the evidence in the record constitutes substantial evidence to support the actions taken and the findings made in this Resolution, that the facts in this Resolution are supported by substantial evidence in the record, including testimony received at the public hearing, the staff presentations, the staff report, and all materials in the project files. The City Council of the City of Vernon expressly declares that it considered all evidence presented and reached these findings after due consideration of all evidence presented to it.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF VERNON AS FOLLOWS:

SECTION 2. The City Council of the City of Vernon hereby finds and determines that the above recitals are true and correct.

SECTION 3. The City Council of the City of Vernon hereby authorizes a Conditional Use Permit to be granted to Dyrt Labs, Inc to operate an indoor food waste composting facility at 2550 27th Street.

SECTION 4. Severability. If any provision of this Resolution or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications, and to this end, the provisions of this Resolution are declared to be severable.
/ / /
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_______________________
SECTION 5. The City Clerk, or Deputy City Clerk, shall certify the passage and adoption of this resolution and enter it into the book of original resolutions.

APPROVED AND ADOPTED August 18, 2026.

MELISSA YBARRA, Mayor
ATTEST:

GENOVEVA ROCHA, City Clerk
APPROVED AS TO FORM:

ZAYNAH MOUSSA-MILWARD,
City Attorney
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Resolution No. 2026-038

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_______________________

CERTIFICATION

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) ss.

CITY OF VERNON )
I do hereby certify that the attached is a true copy of Resolution No. 2026-038 that was passed and adopted at the Regular Meeting held on August 18, 2026, by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSENT:

ABSTAIN:
__________________________
GENOVEVA ROCHA, City Clerk
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NOTICE OF CITY COUNCIL PUBLIC HEARING
The City Council of the City of Vernon will conduct a public hearing on August 18, 2026, at 9:00 a.m. (or as soon thereafter as the matter can be heard) which you may attend at Vernon City Hall, City Council Chamber, 4305 Santa Fe Avenue, Vernon, CA 90058 to:

CONDUCT A PUBLIC HEARING AND CONSIDER APPLICATION FOR

CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT FOR DYRT LABS, INC TO OPERATE AN

INDOOR FOOD WASTE COMPOSTING FACILITY AT
2550 27TH STREET, VERNON, CA 90058
An application for a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) has been submitted by Dyrt Labs, Inc to operate an indoor food waste composting facility at 2550 27th Street in the City of Vernon. Pursuant to Vernon Municipal Code (VMC) Section Chapter 17.72, the City Council will conduct a public hearing regarding the CUP application. If, from the facts presented at the public hearing or by an investigation at the instigation of the City Council, the City Council makes the findings required in VMC Section 17.72.060, and finds that such CUP or modification thereof should be granted, the City Council may grant the requested CUP in whole, or in part, and upon such terms and conditions as the City Council may deem proper to preserve the public health, safety, convenience, and general welfare, and the general intent and purpose of VMC Chapter 17.72.

All relevant documents will be available for public review on the City's website once the agenda for the meeting is posted or from the City Clerk at [email protected] or (323) 583-8811, ext. 546. All interested persons will be given an opportunity to comment on the above-referenced items during the public hearing. In addition, written comments or questions may be submitted prior to the hearing as set forth below. Written Testimony or questions must be received prior to 9:00 a.m. on the date of the hearing.

Please send your comments or questions
to: Daniel S. Wall, Director of Public
Works City of Vernon
4305 Santa Fe Avenue, Vernon, CA 90058
(323) 583-8811, ext. 305 Email: [email protected] If you challenge the adoption of the Resolution or any provision thereof in court, you may be limited to raising only those issues you or someone else ...
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raised at the hearing described in this notice or in written correspondence delivered to the City of Vernon at, or prior to, the meeting.

In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), if you need special assistance to participate in the meeting, please contact the City Clerk Department at (323) 583-8811, ext. 546 at least 48 hours prior to the meeting to assure arrangements can be made.

This matter is being processed pursuant to California Government Code Sections 65091, 65092, 65095 and Vernon Municipal Code Chapters

17.22.030, 17.72.060, 17.72.100.

The hearing may be continued, adjourned, or cancelled and rescheduled to a stated time and place without further notice of a public hearing.

Dated: July 29, 2026
Publish: August 6, 2026 Genoveva Rocha, City Clerk
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This space for filing stamp only
OR#:

O R A N G E C O U N T Y R E P O R T E R
~ SINCE 1921 ~
600 W. Santa Ana Blvd., Suite 205, Santa Ana, California 92701-4542 Telephone (714) 543-2027/ Fax (714) 542-6841

PROOF OF PUBLICATION
(2015.5 C.C.P.)
State of California )
County of Orange ) ss
Notice Type:

Ad Description:

I am a citizen of the United States and a resident of the State of California; I am over the age of eighteen years, and not a party to or interested in the above entitled matter. I am the principal clerk of the printer and publisher of the ORANGE COUNTY REPORTER, a newspaper published in the English language in the City of Santa Ana, and adjudged a newspaper of general circulation as defined by the laws of the State of California by the Superior Court of the County of Orange, State of California, under date of June 2, 1922, Case No. 13,421. That the notice, of which the annexed is a printed copy, has been published in each regular and entire issue of said newspaper and not in any supplement thereof on the following dates, to-wit:

Executed on: 10/10/2004
At Los Angeles, California
I certify (or declare) under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct.

Signature

HUNTINGTON PARK BULLETIN
11111000000000077777 N SEPULVEDA BLVD STE 11111333335555577777,,,,, MANHATTAN BEACH,,,,, CA 9999900000222226666666666 ((((333332222233333)))) 555555555566666-----55555777772222200000 ((((222221111133333)))) 888883333355555-----00000555558888844444 PRE 44444000006666655555999991111177777

GENOVEVA ROCHA

CITY OF VERNON CITY CLERK
44444333330000055555 SANTA FE AVE
VERNON,,,,, CA ----- 9999900000000005555588888

HRG ----- NOTICE OF HEARING
Notice of Public Hearing ----- Application for Conditional Use Permit I am a citizen of the United States and a resident of the State of California;;;; I am over the age of eighteen years,,,,, and not a party to or interested in the above entitled matter... I am the principal clerk of the printer and publisher of the HUNTINGTON PARK BULLETIN,,,,, a newspaper published in the English language in the city of HUNTINGTON PARK,,,,, county of LOS ANGELES,,,,, and adjudged a newspaper of general circulation as defined by the laws of the State of California by the Superior Court of the County of LOS ANGELES,,,,, State of California,,,,, under date 0000066666/////1111144444/////11111999994444433333,,,,, Case No... 444448888855555000007777733333... That the notice,,,,, of which the annexed is a printed copy,,,,, has been published in each regular and entire issue of said newspaper and not in any supplement thereof on the following dates,,,,, to-----wit:::::
0000088888/////0000066666/////22222000002222266666
0000088888/////0000066666/////22222000002222266666

LOS ANGELES
!A000007480795!
Email

NOTICEOFCITYCOUNCILPUBLICHEARING
TheCityCounciloftheCityofVernonwill
conductapublichearingonAugust1111188888,,,,,22222000002222266666,,,,,at 99999:::::0000000000a...m...((((orassoonthereafterasthemattercan beheard))))whichyoumayattendatVernonCity
Hall,,,,,CityCouncilChamber,,,,,44444333330000055555SantaFe Avenue,,,,,Vernon,,,,,CA9999900000000005555588888to:::::

CONDUCTAPUBLICHEARINGAND

CONSIDERAPPLICATIONFORCONDITIONAL

USEPERMITFORDYRTLABS,,INCTO

OPERATEANINDOORFOODWASTE

COMPOSTINGFACILITYAT
222555555000222777
TH
STREET,,VERNON,,CA999000000555888
AnapplicationforaConditionalUsePermit
((((CUP))))hasbeensubmittedbyDyrtLabs,,,,,Incto
operateanindoorfoodwastecompostingfacility
at222225555555555000002222277777
th
StreetintheCityofVernon...

PursuanttoVernonMunicipalCode((((VMC))))
SectionChapter1111177777...7777722222,,,,,theCityCouncilwill conductapublichearingregardingtheCUP
application...If,,,,,fromthefactspresentedatthe
publichearingorbyaninvestigationatthe
instigationoftheCityCouncil,,,,,theCityCouncil
makesthefindingsrequiredinVMCSection
1111177777...7777722222...000006666600000,,,,,andfindsthatsuchCUPor modificationthereofshouldbegranted,,,,,theCity
CouncilmaygranttherequestedCUPinwhole,,,,,
orinpart,,,,,anduponsuchtermsandconditionsas
theCityCouncilmaydeempropertopreservethe
publichealth,,,,,safety,,,,,convenience,,,,,andgeneral
welfare,,,,,andthegeneralintentandpurposeof
VMCChapter1111177777...7777722222...

Allrelevantdocumentswillbeavailableforpublic
reviewontheCity''swebsiteoncetheagendafor
themeetingispostedorfromtheCityClerkat
[email protected]((((333332222233333))))555558888833333-----88888888881111111111,,,,, ext...555554444466666...Allinterestedpersonswillbegivenan opportunitytocommentontheabove-----referenced
itemsduringthepublichearing...Inaddition,,,,,
writtencommentsorquestionsmaybesubmitted
priortothehearingassetforthbelow...Written
Testimonyorquestionsmustbereceivedpriorto
99999:::::0000000000a...m...onthedateofthehearing...

Pleasesendyourcommentsorquestionsto:::::

DanielS...Wall,,,,,Directorof
PublicWorksCityofVernon
44444333330000055555SantaFeAvenue,,,,,Vernon,,,,,CA9999900000000005555588888 ((((333332222233333))))555558888833333-----88888888881111111111,,,,,ext...333330000055555 Email:::::[email protected]
IfyouchallengetheadoptionoftheResolutionor
anyprovisionthereofincourt,,,,,youmaybelimited
toraisingonlythoseissuesyouorsomeoneelse
raisedatthehearingdescribedinthisnoticeorin
writtencorrespondencedeliveredtotheCityof
Vernonat,,,,,orpriorto,,,,,themeeting...

IncompliancewiththeAmericanswithDisabilities
Act((((ADA)))),,,,,ifyouneedspecialassistanceto
participateinthemeeting,,,,,pleasecontacttheCity
ClerkDepartmentat((((333332222233333))))555558888833333-----88888888881111111111,,,,,ext...555554444466666at least4444488888hourspriortothemeetingtoassure
arrangementscanbemade...

Thismatterisbeingprocessedpursuantto
CaliforniaGovernmentCodeSections6666655555000009999911111,,,,, 6666655555000009999922222,,,,,6666655555000009999955555andVernonMunicipalCode Chapters1111177777...2222222222...000003333300000,,,,,1111177777...7777722222...000006666600000,,,,,1111177777...7777722222...111110000000000...

Thehearingmaybecontinued,,,,,adjourned,,,,,or
cancelledandrescheduledtoastatedtimeand
placewithoutfurthernoticeofapublichearing...

Dated:::::July2222299999,,,,,22222000002222266666
Publish:::::August66666,,,,,22222000002222266666
GenovevaRocha,,,,,CityClerk
88888/////66666/////2222266666
PRE--444000666555999111777####

HUNTINGTONPARKBULLETIN
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AFFIDAVIT OF MAILING

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES

CITY OF VERNON
I, Sergio Canales, Assistant Planner of the City of Vernon, do hereby certifi/ that on Tuesday, August 18,2026, mailed a copy of Notice of Public Hearing, regarding a Conditional Use Permit for Dyrt Labs, Inc located at2550 27th Street in the City of Vernon. California, to the interested parties and agencies on the attached list, by United w1 stage Date 3 d
Assistant Planner
A notary public or other officer completing this certificate verifies only the identity of the individual who signed the document to which this certificate is attached, and not the truthfulness, accuracy, or validity of the document.

State of California
County of Los Angeles
o, hu,ntsl z. wz? berore notarv
puUti.jS*n'otty appeared Sergio Canales who proved to me on the basis of satisfactory evidence to be the person(s) whose name(s) is/are subscribed to the within instrument and acknowledged to me that heA'helthey executed the same in hislher/thei+ authorized capacity(ies), and that by hislher4heir signature(s) on the instrument the person(s), or the entity upon behalf of which the person(s) acted, executed the instrument.

I certifu under PENALTY OF PERJURY under the laws of the State of California that the foregoing paragraph is true and correct.

WITNESS my hand and
SS
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)
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I,JSSETTE TELE}IDEZ
lStrry tublk - Crllfornlr
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Comtrlnlon , 213t661
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of Notary Public
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I-w
Green Globe lnternational LLC
2535 E 28TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
NBFRE 9 LLC
c/o Mark J Dadabbo, Pres,
34200 Mound Rd
sterling Heights, Ml 4831048310-00oo
NBFRE 9 LLC
c/o Mark., Dadabbo, Pres.
34200 Mound Rd
Sterling Heights, M I 4831048310-0000
Prologis USLV NEWCA 4 LLC
c/o Prologis - RE Tax
60 State St Ste 2200
Boston MA 02109
Choi, Kyung Sup and
Choi, Yoon Sup
2519 Threewoods LN
Fullerton CA 92831
2501 E 27th Street LLC
424 Robert Ln
Beverly Hills CA 90210
Mass Transit Properties LLC
PO Box 58047
Vernon CA 90058
Milagerd LLC
2534 E 25TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
L AND L 2640 LLC

C/O GYOUNG TAE PARK
2640 E 25TH ST VERNON CA 90058
Reliance Steel and Aluminum Co
350 S Grand Ave f51OO
Los Angeles CA 90071-3421
2501 E 27th Street LLC
424 Robert Ln
Beverly Hills CA 902lG2632
2550Group, LLC &
2550 DLR RAR, LLC
2126 Wellington Road
Los Angeles, CA 90016
Attn: Michael Rosner
Jacob McMahon
Dyrt Labs. Inc
2550 276 Street
Vemon. CA 90058
Easy Pcel Address Libels avcry.com
Lee Robinson
Dyn Labs. Inc
2550 27d Street
Vernon. CA 90058
Etiquettes d'adresse Easy Peel :

Allez ir avery.calgabarits !
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AL,A INTERNATIONAL SEAFOOD
2535 E 28th street,
Vernon, CA 90058
Saia LTL Freaght
2550 € 28TH ST
vERNON CA 90058
FedEx Ground
2600 E 28th 5t
Los Angeles, CA 90058
Saia LTL Freight
2550 E 28TH ST
vERNON CA 90058
Stone Blue, lnc.
2501 E 28TH ST
vERNON CA 90058

LORA APPAREL, INC
2531 E 27TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
FINIRA
2501 E 27rH ST
vERNON CA 90058
United Gmwers
2634 E 26TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
National Ready Mix Concrete Co
2526 E 25th St
Vernon, CA 90058
Priw
2640 E 26TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
Reliance Steel Co.
2537 E 27fH ST
VERNON CA 90058
AVERY 8160 I
' I ,\-: I :

U!e Avr{,/ Trtr,pl,,l.r 5l60 I
Etiquettes d'adresse Easy Peel i
Allez ir avery.calgabarits I
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For Ollicirl UsG Only
Accouot No. 0l l.l(Nl..ll02E0
Cig of Vernon
Department of Public Works
{305 Sente Fe Avenue, Vernon, CA 90058
Phone (323) 583-8811 Fax (323) E26-t435
CoNDITIoNAL USE PERMIT MINoR CoNDITIoNAL USE Pf,RMIT
Please PRINT or TYPE all the information.

Prtrj ccr Titte: Dyd Labs Conditional Use Permit
Pro.ject Site Addrcss.2550 E 27th Street, Vernon CA 90058 .Assessor's Parcel Number (APN). 6302-003-024
Zoning Designation: Truck and Freight Terminal (T) Overlay Purpose of Conditional [-ise Permit / Minor (]onditional Use Permit Application \lf necessa4,, ullatL.h d.liliorutl sheets): CUP for organics processing facilit SECTION 2 - Applicant's Informotion. I hercby certiti that all the infbrmation contained hercin. and the accompanying exhibits are truc and correct to the best of m"v knowledge and heliet.

Applicanr Name: DYrt Labs lnc
Solc Propriclor Partnership
-
Corporation
Address: 2550 E 27th Street 619r.. Vemon rp 6o6". 9005E p1r,rn.. 813.390.8559 p'nui1. [email protected]
(Tno OFFICER sigr,aturcs 0?e rcqulredfor corporu,lon ond Limiled Llablltt' c'omPonlcs (LLC)) Q,L, (rcs;olw)
Prirrt Name i Sr> V\ Title Dare
Signature (Applicant's signature must be notorizeA
L*- l -lr',^-n 't'itte: Se-ov
must be nolarized):

Date: @
Signaturc (Applicanl's s
+ 3e N6(-t
iggnlure
\lx,e Foo- C,AutForr-tJr A norwl NrrAC\UEJ'f+
I
SECTION I - Project Information.
ctf/" g'1 A
Print Name:
---
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SECTION 3 - Contact lnformation (if tlilferentfron applicant).

Companl'Nanre:

Addrcss: Zip Codc:

Phonc: F.mail:

SECTION 4 - Property Owner's Information, I am thc propeq'owner of record. of the propert) . u,hich is the subject ol this application. I hale ro ieued this application and authorized/approve of lhe action requested.

Orvner's Namc: 2550 Group LLC and 2550 DLR RAR, LLC
/Partnership Corporation
Addrcs ,. 2126 Wellington Road Cin: la l-ip 6669. 90016 [)honc: 0-24 Enrail: ,{A t hasl, rtd:cwfArw
/"a4, I herchl,certily that the abovc-namcd applicant is authorized to act as the property o\ner represcntativc tbr this conditional use permit / Minor conditional Usc Pcrmit application.
! NO, I DON'T certit . that the abo'e-named applicant is authorized to act as the propeq' o$ner represcntative for this Conditional use permit / Minor Conditional Use Permit application.
lTwo OFFICER signotu res are requlred lor CotPomti.rn and Llmited Liobill|'Conpentcs (LLC)I C t)
o.1 .(r,--
Print Name (i,t.ur (
tS' I irle:

Signaturc {Ownefs signotare musl be nolariudl
Datc: '1 ,4,->4 t(r (
,LLlol.*"
,lJtz !- Title: ut< sVtr Date: 7o L4
Print Narne
Signaturc (Owner's signature ust be nolatiTld)"
t)fzt'l'zr:i
1u.
l*Juu5Uatncw/[ ubuc-)
Contact Person:

Rclation to Applicant: Engineer Architect Attorney Realtor Representative Sole Proprietor
n^-Q--.=-
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City of Vernon
Attn: Director, public Works
4305 5. Santa Fe Ave.

Vernon, CA 90058
l, Lee Robinson, hereby affirm that the property owner and tenant lists provided herein have been compiled from information obtained from the latest available t-os Angeles county Tax Assessment Roll. I certify that due diligence ha5 been exercised in accurately extracting this information.

Sincerely,
Lee Robinson
cEo
Dyrt Labs LLC
Subccribed and sworn to before me, a Notary Public in and for said County and State, on Monday September 22nd, 2025.

Notary Seal
rto arta..ad lalo.a ma.

Notary Public Signature:

Print€d Name of Notary:

My Commisrion Erpire5:
-,
Re: Affidavit of Compilation
Dear Director of Public Work!,
--=;
J'r tl. lt,
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CALIFORI{IA ACKNOWLEDGMENT
State of California
County of hNC<Le,
On o>/=o luzO b€fore me, vltl (
Dote Here lnsett Nome ond Title of the Officer
ovtL cooE 5 1189
A notary public or other offlcer comPleting this ceiificate verifies onlythe identity of the individualwlro signed the document to which this certilicate is attached, and not the truthfurness, accuracy, or varidity or that documenl l. )
li L<<- &trrr,oe Ll <-)
-
personally appeared r4lae I Pcqvr aul ?L ltlr LLV-er'
Nome(s) ofsigne s)
who Proved to me on the bosis of satistactory evidence to be the person(s) whose namqs) ivare subscribed to the within instrument and acknowledged to me that he/she/they executed the ssme ln his/hernheir authorized capaciMies), and that by hiyhernheir signature(s) on the lnstrument the person(s), or the entity upon behalf of which the person(s) acted, executed the instrument. z*, HUUT G uE
Wi,H'{ffi}'fr,,
I certify under PENALTY OF PERJURY under the
laws of the State of California that the foregolng
paragraph is true and conectWITNESS my hand and offlcial seal.

Signature fu'Lh.

Ploce Notory Seol ond/or Stomp Above Signoture of Notory Publlc Completing thls lnformotlon con deter olterotion of the document ot froudulent reottochment of this form to on unintended document.

WYr+DYrlLbs

OPTIONAL
--
1 t/
Signe(s) Other Than Named Above:

Cspacity(l$, Cl6lmod by Slgn€r(3)
Signer's Name:
tr Corporate Olflcer - Tltlqs):
tr Partner - o Limlted tr General
tr lndividual El Attorney in Fact
o Trustee tr Guardian or Conservator
._;o
umber Pages:

Signer's Name:

El Corporate Officer - Title(s):
tr Partner - B Limlted El General
E lndividual E Attorney in Fact
tr Trustee o Guardian oI Conservator
rJ Other: tr Other:

Signer is Representing: Signer is Representing:

Q2O19 Natlonal Notary Assoclstlon
rqffitrr*rata{mt-r oHffiaaa{ffirtm€+a{ %ffir
1 Title or Type of Document:

Descrlptlon of Attached Documentt 0ruPrficru4L Lt
Document Date: o'> Iplzo zl, Zs,.)O GoqLW atd
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BURDEN OF PROOF
The Applicant is required to establish the following findings before submitting a Conditional Use Permit application: (Do not repeat the statement or provide Yes.No r.esponses. If necessary, attach additional shee ts.)
See atached sheet
A) Will the Lot for the proposed use be adequate in size, shape and topography, including drainage and landscaping.

B) Will the proposed use have a material adverse effect on the public C) Will the proposed use be compatible with the existing authorized uses of surrounding and adj acent properties.

D) Will the Lot have adequate off-street parking and loading facilities, and vehicle maneuverability for the proposed use.

E) Will the location, operation and design for the proposed use be consistent with the General Plan, any specific plan applicable, and the zoning regulations ofthe City.

F) Will the use be consistent with all applicable Federal, State, and local laws, rules and regulations.

G) Will the proposed use have a significant adverse impact on the general welfare as a result of noise, increased traffrc, interference with the flow oftraffrc, or dust; and 6 Applicant Si gnature (Required) D
L,- /rV, ngovl
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BURDEN OF PROOF
A) Lot adequacy (size, shape, topography, drainage, landscaping):

The project site at 2550 E 27th Street is a 1.o8-acre (47,000 SF) tot with an existing 28,000 SF enclosed warehouse. The lot is flat, fully paved, and located withrn the Heavy lndustrial (M3) zone with a Truck and Freight Terminal (T) Overlay. The site has adequate drainage infrastructure connecting to existing municipal stormwater systems with no proposed changes to grading or drainage patterns. The site dimensions and building size are sufficient to accommodate 20 in-vessel composting units, material receiving areas, truck loading bays, employee parking, and staging areas. No landscaping changes are proposed; the industrial setting does not require ornamental landscaping.

B) Material adverse effect on the public:

The proposed use will not have a material adverse effect on the public. All composting operations orcur within fully enclosed in-vessel systems housed inside the existing warehouse.

The facility processes food waste and green waste using proprietary aerobic composting technology with carbon filtration exhaust systems, minimizing emissions and odors. The nearest sensitive receptor (residentjal) is located approximately 0.85 miles (4,488 feet) southwest of the srte. The facility will comply with SCAQMD Rules 402 and 410, CalRecycle Title 14 requirements, and all conditions of approval. Operations support California's SB 1383 mandate to reduce organic waste in landfills by 75o/o, providing a public benefit through waste diversion and greenhouse gas reduction.

C) Compatibility with surrounding authorized uses:

The project is fully compatible with sunounding land uses. The site is surrounded by heavy industrial operations: AAA lnternational Seafood Corporation (south), FedEx Freight and National Ready Mixed Concrete (east), Stone Blue garment manufacturing (west), and Reliance Steel and Anna's Vitamins Plus (north, across E 27th S0. The proposed composting facility is consistent with the industrial character of the area and the M3 zoning designation. Truck traffic will be minimal (up to 26 medium-duty truck trips and 54 passenger vehicle trips per day) and comparable to existing industrial traffic in the area.

D) Adequate off-street parking and loading:

The site provides 25 parking spaces as required. The existing loading bays accommodate truck deliveries and material transport. The site layout includes designated areas for truck parking, staging, and maneuvering that prevent any need for on-street parking, staging, or truck maneuvering on 27th Street. Vehicle circulation is designed to allow trucks to enter and exit the site in a forward direction.

E) Consistency with General Plan, specific plan, and zoning:

The proposed use is consistent with the City of Vernon's General Plan, which supports industrial uses that contribute to the local economy and regional infrastructure needs. The M3 Heavy lndustrial zoning and Truck and Freight Terminal (T) Overlay permit composting operations with ...
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a Conditional Use Permit. The facility supports Vernon's Environmental Sustainability Action Plan and Califomia's statewide mandate under SB 1383 for organic waste diversion.

F) Consistency with Federal, State, and local laws:

The facility will comply with all applicable laws, including: CalRecycle Title 14 CCR (Notification Tier for Limited Volume ln-Vessel Digestion Operations, Section 17896.'11); SCAQMD Rules 402,410, and the 1133 series; City of Vernon Municipal Code; CEQA requirements (lnitial Study/Negative Declaration prepared by CAJA Environmental Services); and all conditions of the CUP as adopted. The facility has filed its CalRecycle Enforcement Agency Notification (June 13,2024) and received acknowledgment from the LEA (July 30,2024).

G) Significant adverse impact (noise, traffic, dust):

The proposed use will not have a significant adverse impact on general welfare. Noise: All operations occur indoors using electric-powered equipment; noise levels will not exceed 75 dB at the property boundary. Trafiic: The facility generates modest trafiic (approximately 80 total vehicle trips per day) compared to surrounding industrial uses, with deliveries scheduled outside peak hours. Dust: All processing occurs inside the enclosed warehouse on fully paved surfaces; electric sweepers maintain site cleanliness per SCAQMD Rule 403. ...
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ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION FORM
Date Filed: J8n 2e' 2026
Applicant (please circle whether Owner, Leasee, Purchaser or Representative) Name. Dyn Lebs lnc
AddfeSS: 2550 E 27th Sveet, Vernon CA 90058
Phone. 813.39o.8sse
Contact Person conceming this project
Name. Lee Robinson
Email' lee@dyrtco
.,
AddreSS: 2550 E 27th Street, Vernon CA 90058
4 5
phsns 813.390.85s9 Email. [email protected]

3. Address of project (location) 2550 E 27th Street Vernon CA 90058 Assessor's Parcel Number (APN): 6302-003-024
Indicate the gpe of the permit application(s) (i.e. Conditional Use Permit, Development Permit, Variance, etc.) for the project to which this form pertains:_ Condtional Use Permit
List any other related permits and./or other public agency approvals required for this project, including those required by City, County, State, and/or Federal .-.-^i...

Ar Quality Management Oistricl Rule 402 Nuisance and Air Quality Management Districl Rule 410 Odors from Transfer Stations and Waste Recovery Facilities. State Sections of 14 CCR Division 7, Chapter 3, 3.1. or 3.2) 7 . Existing Zoning Truck and Freight Terminal
Proposed use of site (Project for which this form is filed):

Limited volume ol in-vessel digeslion operalion of food wasle. 6 8

9. Site Size (lot dimensions and square footage) Lot Size: 47,000 Square Foot of buildings: 28,OOO Pro iect Information:
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l0 Project Size:

Square feet to be added/constructed to struchre(s)
Total square footage of structure(s). 28,000
I l. Number of floors of construction:
0 Existing
Proposed: o
I5

12. Parking:

Amount required: 25
Amount provided:25
I 3 . Anticipated time scheduling of project

14. Proposedphasingofdevelopment:

If retail, indicate the gpe of retail use, estimated employment per shift, proposed hours of operations, indicate whether neighborhood, City or Regionally oriented, square footage of sales area, and loading locations
l6 If commercial, indicate the O?e of commercial use, estimated employment per shift, proposed hours ofoperations, indicate whether neighborhood, City or Regionally oriented, square footage ofsales area, and loading locations:_

17. If industrial, indicate the type of industrial or manufacturing use, estimated employrnent per shift. proposed hours of operations, and loading locations.- ln-v'ess6l compohing / orgaiics'processing facillty. Estlmated 25 employees ac-ross shifts. Hours of loadino bavs on orfih slde of buildinol8 If the project involves a variance, conditional use permit application, state this and indicate clearly why the application is required.-
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YE
tr
!
fl
I
E
D
Environmental Impacts:

Are any of the following items applicable b the project or its elfects? Discuss below all items checked "yes" (attach odditional sheets as necessary).

19. Change in pattern, scale, or character ofgeneral area ofproject.

20. Significant amounts of solid waste or liffer.
2 l. Change in dust, ash, smoke, fumes, or odors in vicinity.

22. Substantial change in existing noise or vibration levels in the vicinity

23. Site on frlled land or on slope of l07o percent or more.

24. Use of disposal of potentially hazardous materials, such as toxic substances, flammables, or explosives.

25. Substantial change in demand for municipal services (police, fre, water, sewage, etc.)

26. Substantially increase fossil fuel consumption (electricity, oil, natural gas, etc.)

27. Relationship to a larger project or series ofprojects.

28. On an atlached sheet, describe the project site as it exists before the project, including information on topography, soil stability, plants, and animals, and any cultural, historic or scenic aspects. Describe any existing structures on the site, and the use of the structues.

Anach photographs ofthe site.

29. Ot an attached sheet, describe the surrounding properties, including fuformation on plants and animals and any cultural, historical, or scenic aspects. Indicate the type of land use (residential, commercial, etc.), and specifications of development (height, primary frontage, setbacks, rear yard, etc.). Attach photographs of the vicinity.

Certification:

I hereby certif, that the statements furnished above and in the attached exhibits present the data and information required for this initial evaluation to the best of my ability, and that the facts, statements, and information presented are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.

S NO
E
E
E
E
E
E
n
Environmental Setting:

E
E
F
Signature of Applicant
o;
ate
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Environmental Setting.

28. On an attached sheet, describe the project site as it exists before the poect, including information on topography, soil stability, plants, and animals, and any cultural, historic or scenic aspects. Describe any existing structures on the site, and the use of the structures. Attach photographs of the site.

The poect site is a 1.o8-acre lot at 2550 E 27th Street in the City of Vernon, developed with an existing 28,000 SF single-story industrial warehouse on a flat, fully paved lot. The site is currently used for industrial storage. The topography is flat with no signiflcant vegetation, wildlife habitat, or cultural/historic features. Site drainage connects to existing municipal stormwater infrastructure. The site is within the M3 Heavy lndustrial zone with Truck and Freight Terminal (T) Overlay.

29. On an attached sheet, describe the sunounding properties, including information on plants and animals and any cultural, historical, or scenic aspects. lndicate the type of land use (residential, commercial, etc.), and specifications of development (height, primary frontage, setbacks, rear yard, etc.).

The project site is surrounded by industrial uses consistent with the M3 zoning: AAA lnternational Seafood Corporation (south, seafood processing), FedEx Freight parking lot and National Ready Mixed Concrete (east, heavy industrial), Stone BIue garment manufacturing (west), and Reliance Steel and Anna's Vitamins Plus Ltd. (north, across E 27th Street). Building heights are typical single-story industrial (2G35 feet). The area is fully urbanized with no residential, educational, or healthcare facilities within a quarter mile. The nearest residential unit is approximately 0.85 miles southwest. No cultural, historical, or scenic features are present.

Additional documentation to support these responses can be found in Dyrt Labs CUP CEQA Technical Reports.
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a0 156 312 Feet Vicinity Map Pnnted:5/23/24
Created in GIS-NET Public
A dir.laimer statement. Pnnted wi$ p€rm ssion fiom the Los Angeler Counly Dept. of Reg ional P anning. Allrights reserved.

LA COUI{TY
P14NNING
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Tenant & Property Owners'Address
Address Owner's Address Tenant's Address
2535 E 2ATH ST
VERNON CA 90058
6302-003-02s Green Globe lnternational LLC
2535 E 28TH ST
VERNON CA 90058

AAA INTERNATIONAL SEAFOOD
2535 E 28th Street,
Vernon, CA 90058
6302-OO2-O32 NEFRE 9 LLC
c/o Mark ) Dadabbo, Pres.
34200 Mound Rd
Sterling Heights, Ml 4831048310-0000
Saia LTL Freight
2550 E 28TH ST VERNON CA
90058
2600 E 28rH ST
VERNON CA 90058
6302-OO2-O33 NBFRE 9 LtC
c/o Mark J Dadabbo, Pres.
342OO Mound Rd
Sterling Heights, Ml 4831048310-0000
FedEx Ground
2600 E 28th St, Los Angeles, CA
90058
2550 E 28TH 5T
VERNON CA 90058
6302-OO2-034 Prologis USLV NEWCA 4 LLC
c/o Prologis - RE Tax
60 state 5t ste 2200
Boston MA 02109
Saia LTL Freight
2550 E 28TH ST VERNON CA
90058
2501 E 28TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
6302-003-023 Choi, Kyung Sup and
Choi, Yoon Sup
2519 Threewoods LN
Fullerton CA 92831
Stone Blue, lnc.
2501 E 28TH ST VERNON CA
90058
2501 E 27TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
5302-003-021 2501 E 27th Street LLC
424 Robert Ln
Beverly Hills CA 9021.0

FIN IRA
25O! E 27TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
2626 E 25TH ST
VERNON CA 9OO5
6302-OO7-U7 Mass Transit Properties LLC
Po Box 58047
Vernon CA 90058
National Ready Mix Concrete Co
2626 E 26th St
Vernon, CA 90058
2634 E 25TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
5302-001-029 Milagerd LLC
2634 E 26TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
Lrnited Growers
2634 E 26TH 5T VERNON CA
90058
2640 E 26TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
6302-001-028 L AND L 2640 LLC

C/O GYOUNG TAE PARK
2640 E 26TH ST VERNON CA 90058
2s37 E 27TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
5302-003-019 Reliance Steel and Aluminum Co
350 S Grdnd Ave f5100
Los Angeles CA 90071-3421
Reliance Steel Co,
2537 E 27TH ST VIRNON CA
90058
2531 E 27TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
6302-03-020 2501 E 27th Street LLC
424 Robert Ln
Beverly Hills CA 90210-2632
LORA APPAREI- INC.
2531 E 27TH ST VERNON CA
90058
AIN:
25s0 E 28TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
Privy
2UO E 26'lH St
VERNON CA 90058
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CALIFORNIA ALL-PURPOSE AGKI{OWLEDGMENT crvrl coDE s 1189 A notary public or other officer completing this certificate verifies only the identity ot the individual who signed the document to which this certificate is attached, and not the truthfulness, accuracy, or validity of that document.

State of California
Lo: N o.v'
On before me, AL5'A
Date Here lnsed Name and Tille of the Officer
personally appeared lst ?orbrssorc
Name(s) of Signe4s)
who proved to me on the basis of satisfactory evidence to be subscribed to th6 withi
tffith
or th
y(1ffi authorized
n instrument and acknowledoed to
capacity(ird). ana lrat by.@ /ty€t
lf of whic'h the persorf/acted. exec
me tha
r signat on e tn
uted the instrument
wnose name@@/re
executed the-samd in
strument the perso2@f,
n
e entity upon beha
I certify under PENALry OF PERJURY under the laws
of the State of California that the foregoing paragraph is true and correct.

WITNESS an ffici seal
@.jfffi,,
Signature
ture Notary Public
Place Notary Seal Above

OPTIONAL
Though this section is optional, completing this information can deter alteration of the document or fraudulent reattachment of this form to an unintended document. a
Description ol Attached Documenl l/r*"ri Mrr.rru Crsunu$r, use la*tr Title or Type of Do m Document Date: 5
Signe(s) Other Than Named Above
|opD\-$opA\- Ds(z
Number of Pages-AZ'
Capacity(ies) Claimed by Signer(s!
Signeas Name:

D Corporate Officer - Title(s):
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Green Globe lnternational LLC
2s35 E 28TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
2501 E 27th Street LLC
424 Robert Ln
Beverly Hills CA 90210-2632
NBFRE 9 LLC
c/o Mark J Dadabbo, Pres.
34200 Mound Rd
Sterling Heights, Ml 4831048310-0O0O
NBFRE 9 LLC
c/o Mark I Dadabbo, Pres.
34200 Mound Rd
Sterling Heights, Ml 4831048310-0000
Prologis USLV NEWCA 4 LLC
c/o Prologis - RE Tax
60 State St Ste 2200
Boston MA 02109
choi, Kyung Sup and
Choi, Yoon Sup
2519 Threewoods LN
Fullerton CA 92831
2501 E 27th Street LLC
424 Robert Ln
Beverly Hills CA 90210
Mass Transit Properties LLC
PO Box 58047
Vernon CA 90058
Milagerd LLC
2634 E 26TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
L AND t 2540 ILC

C/O GYOUNG TAE PARK
2540 E 25TH ST VERNON CA 90058
Reliance steel and Aluminum Co
350 S Grand Ave f51O0
Los Angeles CA 90071-3421
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AArA INTERNATIONAt SEAFOOD
2535 E 28th Street,
Vernon, CA 90058
Saia LTL Freight
2550 E 28TH 5T
VERNON CA 90058
FedEx Ground
2600 E 28th St
Los Angeles, CA 90058
Saia LTL Freight
2550 E 28TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
Stone Blue, lnc.
2501 E 28TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
LORA APPAREL, INC.
2531 E 27TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
FINIRA
2501 E 27TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
United Growers
2634 E 26TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
National Ready Mix concrete Co.
2526 E 26th St
Vernon, CA 90058
Privy
2540 E 26TH ST
VERNON CA 90058
Reliance Steel Co.
2537 E 27TH ST
vERNON CA 90058
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Development/Plot Plan
Facility: Dyrt Labs Inc
Location: 2550 E 27th
Prepared Under: City of Vernon Planning Division, Conditional Use Permit Application Development/Plot Plan | 1
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Development / Plot Plan
Property Address: 2550 E. 27th Street, Vernon, CA 90058 Assessor Parcel Number: 6302-003-024
Zoning: M-3 (Heavy Industrial) with Truck and Freight Terminal Overlay Total Lot Area: ±47,045 sq. ft. (1.08 acres)
Total Building Area: ±28,000 sq. ft.

Existing and Proposed Improvements
The existing ±28,000 sq. ft. industrial building will be reused and retrofitted for enclosed in-vessel composting operations. No structural expansions or new buildings are proposed. Minor interior tenant improvements will include the installation of enclosed composting equipment, floor drains, and odor control systems. The exterior site configuration, parking layout, drive aisles, and access points will remain unchanged. ● Building Footprint: 28,000 sq. ft.
○ Industrial/Composting Area: ±22,000 sq. ft.
○ Warehouse / Loading Area: ±4,000 sq. ft.
○ Office / Admin Area: ±2,000 sq. ft.

Parking, Loading, and Access
● Automobile Parking Provided: 27 auto parking and 4 semi-truck parking spaces are provided . ● Truck Loading / Staging: Two loading bays on the north elevation (27th Street frontage) with internal circulation and maneuvering area designed for medium-duty trucks. ● Driveway Access: One 30-foot-wide driveway entrance from E. 27th Street provides ingress and egress for both employee and service vehicles.
● Truck Maneuvering: All truck movements occur on-site within paved areas; no off-site staging or queuing is permitted.

Drainage and Utilities
● Drainage Improvements: Addition of a grated “shaker” pad and filtration basin to capture washdown water and prevent sediment discharge
● Utilities: Existing water, sewer, and electric services from the City of Vernon are maintained; no new utility connections are proposed.

Development/Plot Plan | 2
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● Easements: No public or private easements are affected or modified by the project.

Floor Plan / Equipment Layout
All operational equipment is located inside the existing building on reinforced concrete slab foundations. ● 20 enclosed in-vessel composting units
● 2 electric trommel screeners for compost finishing.
● 2 electric forklifts for material handling.
● 1 electric floor sweeper for daily cleaning.

All equipment is electrically powered; no diesel or internal combustion machinery is used.

Hazardous Materials Storage
No explosive, flammable, or toxic substances are used in the composting process. Small quantities of janitorial cleaning agents, lubricants, and odor-neutralizing compounds are stored in closed, labeled containers within a contained maintenance area as described in the Hazardous Materials Management & Disclosure Report.

Development/Plot Plan | 3
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Image 1: Site address, north arrow and scale (no less than 1" = 40') Development/Plot Plan | 4
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Image 2: Floor Plans
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102’-8” 200’
136’-6”
200’ Gate 37’
Concrete Apron 50’
116’
140’
27’
18’
9’
31’
44’
41’
Shaker Grate
Organic Sorting Lines
Drainage
Drainage
40’
60’
Bay Door
Bay Door
Site Plan -2550 E 27TH Street

DYRT LABS INC
Building Footprint=
28,000 sq. ft.

Office Area=
2,000 sq. ft.

Parking Lot Area=
14,853 sq. ft.

Compost Cylinders
45’
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Dyrt In-Vessel Composting Operations Plan
Facility: Dyrt Labs Inc
Location: 2550 E 27th
Prepared Under: City of Vernon Planning Division, Conditional Use Permit Application Notification Tier In-Vessel Compost Operation | 1
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Dyrt Labs operates a fully enclosed, indoor composting facility that processes source-separated organic material into nutrient-rich compost using proprietary in-vessel aerobic systems. All receiving, processing, and storage occur within the building to control odors, vectors, noise, and dust. No outdoor stockpiling or open handling of organic materials occurs.

Operating Hours and Staffing:

The facility operates up to 24 hours per day, 7 days per week to accommodate material intake and processing needs.

Operations are divided into two shifts:
● Day Shift: 6:00 a.m. – 2:30 p.m.
● Evening Shift: 2:30 p.m. – 11:00 p.m.

A total of approximately 25 employees work on site across operations, logistics, and maintenance.

Administrative functions occur during standard weekday business hours (8:30 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.) Materials and Throughput:

Incoming materials are pre-sorted organic waste (food scraps and similar biodegradable matter) from commercial and institutional generators.
● Daily input: Up to 15 tons per day.
● Process: Aerobic, in-vessel composting (closed system). ● Outputs: Finished compost and residual solids (minimal), both stored indoors before outbound transport.
● On-site storage: Limited to daily operational needs; no long-term accumulation.

All materials are weighed, inspected on the tip floor, and loaded directly into enclosed composting units.

Contaminants are removed before processing.

Equipment:

The facility uses electric forklifts, in-vessel composters, a trommel screener, and an electric sweeper for cleaning. All equipment is zero-emission and operated indoors.

Facility Controls and Infrastructure:
● Odor and Fly Control: Automated misting systems with neutralizing agents installed along the tipping floor and perimeter fence.
● Drainage/Shaker System: Washdown area fitted with a three-stage solids and grease trap to prevent discharge of contaminants.
● Noise: All activity is enclosed; modeled noise levels remain well below City thresholds for industrial zones.

Notification Tier In-Vessel Compost Operation | 1
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All operational systems—odor, noise, drainage, and vector control—are designed to prevent offsite impacts and maintain compliance with applicable SCAQMD, CalRecycle, and City of Vernon environmental standards.

Traffic and Deliveries:

Average of ~80 vehicle trips per day, including employee vehicles and small to medium delivery trucks. No heavy truck queuing or street loading occurs; all maneuvering happens within the property Potential Impacts to Adjoining Properties:

The facility is surrounded by other industrial uses and is not adjacent to residential areas. Enclosed operations, odor and pest management systfems, and electric equipment minimize potential impacts from noise, vibration, or odor. Routine sanitation and vector control are performed daily.

Compliance and Oversight:

Operations comply with SCAQMD Rules 402 and 410, CalRecycle Title 14 organics handling standards, and the City of Vernon’s CUP conditions
Notification Tier In-Vessel Compost Operation | 2
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VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED

TECHNICAL REPORT
Dyrt Labs, Inc. Composting Facility
Prepared by: DKA Planning
Prepared for: CAJA Environmental Planning
9410 Topanga Canyon Boulevard
Chatsworth, CA 91311
APRIL 2025
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2550 East 27th Street Project PAGE 1 City of Vernon
Vehicle Miles Traveled Technical Report April 2025

VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED TECHNICAL REPORT
Introduction
This section evaluates vehicle miles traveled (VMT) impacts that would be generated by construction and operation of the Proposed 2550 East 27th Street Project in the City of Vernon.

VMT Analysis Guidelines
The City of Vernon adheres to the Los Angeles County guidelines preparing traffic studies under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). These guidelines ensure compliance with SB 743, which establishes that transportation impacts of projects under CEQA are to be based on the metric of VMT. The guidelines are compliant with the recommendations from the State of California Office of Planning and Research.

This analysis for project VMT impacts are based on consistency with CEQA guidelines.

Development projects are analyzed to determine if and how much each project would affect total VMT, unless they can be screened out from analysis requirements under specific categories.

Guidance on screening and impact criteria was reviewed as part of the scoping process undertaken with the City for this project.

Screening Criteria Review
Under Table 5 of the County’s guidelines (see Technical Appendix), a project is considered “screened out” based on five project types. This includes projects with low trip generation per existing CEQA exemptions. Exempt projects includes those that generate 110 or fewer daily trips.

Under the County’s guidelines, Small projects screened out of the VMT analysis requirements of SB 743 are presumed to cause less-than-significant impacts on transportation and traffic.

Analysis of Project Impacts
The Proposed Project would process organic waste and convert it into compost, with a capacity of up to 15 tons per day. The facility would include worker commute trips, including 32 daily vehicle trips from shift workers, and 22 daily vehicle trips for office staff. Office staff would generally arrive between 8:30 A.M. and 9:00 A.M., while morning shift workers would arrive between 6:00 A.M. and 7:00 A.M. and leave between 1:00 P.M. and 2:00 P.M. Afternoon shift workers would arrive between 1:00 P.M. and 2:00 P.M. and leave between 7:00 P.M. and 8:00 P.M. Approximately 20 truck trips would occur daily to drop off organic waste, typically between 6:00 A.M.to 11:00 AM. Another six truck trips that would pick up compost between 1:00 P.M. and 3:00 P.M.

As illustrated in Table 1, the Proposed Project would generate approximately 80 daily vehicle trips, exempting it from further VMT analysis, as it would generate fewer than 110 daily trips. A less than significant transportation impact under CEQA would occur due to the project. Table 2 summarizes the number of vehicles traveling to and from the Project Site over a work day. ...
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2550 East 27th Street Project PAGE 2 City of Vernon
Vehicle Miles Traveled Technical Report April 2025
Table 1
Project Trip Generation Estimates
Land Use Daily Trips A.M. Peak Hour P.M. Peak Hour
In Out Total In Out Total
Compost Facility 80 7 1 8 1 8 9
Total 80 7 1 8 1 8 9
Source: Dyrt
Table 2
Project Trip Generation Estimates by Hour
Hour Employee Vehicles Medium-Duty Trucks Total
In Out In Out In Out
Pre 6:00 AM 5 0 2 0 7 0
6:00 - 7:00 AM 2 0 2 2 4 2
7:00 - 8:00 AM 1 0 2 2 3 2
8:00 - 9:00 AM 6 0 1 1 7 1
9:00 - 10:00 AM 4 0 1 1 5 1
10:00 - 11:00 AM 0 0 0 2 0 2
11:00 - 12:00 PM 0 2 0 0 0 2
12:00 - 1:00 PM 1 4 1 1 2 5
1:00 - 2:00 PM 7 3 0 0 7 3
2:00 - 3:00 PM 1 1 1 1 2 2
3:00 - 4:00 PM 0 1 1 1 1 2
4:00 - 5:00 PM 0 7 1 1 1 8
5:00 - 6:00 PM 0 1 1 1 1 2
6:00 - 7:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0
7:00 - 8:00 PM 0 8 0 0 0 8
Total 27 27 13 13 40 40
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2550 East 27th Street Project PAGE 3 City of Vernon
Vehicle Miles Traveled Technical Report April 2025

TECHNICAL APPENDIX
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24 | Page
Los Angeles County VMT Screening Criteria
Table 5 provides a summary of VMT screening options for projects in the County as recommended by the Steering Committee. A project would only need to meet one of the following criteria to be screened from further VMT analysis.

TABLE 5: LOS ANGELES COUNTY VMT SCREENING CRITERIA SUMMARY Screening Categories Project Requirements to Meet Screening Criteria Project Size A project that generates 110 or fewer daily trips.

Locally Serving Retail
A project that has locally serving retail uses that are 50,000 square feet or less, including specialty retail, shopping center, grocery store, pharmacy, financial services/banks, fitness center or health club, restaurant, and café. If the project contains other land uses, those uses need to be considered under other applicable screening criteria.

Transit Proximity
A project that is located within a ½ mile of a major transit stop or within a ½ mile of a bus stop on a high-quality transit corridor (HQTC). A major transit stop is a rail station or a stop with two or more intersecting bus routes with service frequency of 15 minutes or less during commute periods. A HQTC is a corridor with fixed route bus service with frequency of 15 minutes or less during peak commute periods. In addition, the project should have the following characteristics:
- A floor Area Ratio (FAR) of 0.75 or greater
- Is consistent with the applicable SCAG Sustainable
Communities Strategy (as determined by the County)
- Does not provide more parking than required by the
County
- Does not replacing affordable housing units
Affordable Housing A residential project that provides affordable housing units.

Transportation Facilities
Transportation projects that promote non-auto travel, improve safety, or improve traffic operations at current bottlenecks, such as transit, bicycle and pedestrian facilities, intersection traffic control (e.g., traffic signals or roundabouts), or widening at intersections to provide new turn lanes (see Attachment C for detailed list).

Note: More detailed explanations of the above screening categories can be found in Chapter 3 of this report. ...
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Hazardous Materials Management &
Disclosure Report
For: Conditional Use Permit (CUP) – City of Vernon, California Facility: Dyrt Labs Inc
Location: 2550 E 27th, City of Vernon, CA
Prepared for: City of Vernon Planning Division (CUP Application) 1) Facility & Operations Summary (Context for HazMat Profile) Dyrt’s in-vessel composting facility is a fully enclosed, indoor operation designed with environmental controls to avoid impacts on neighboring industrial properties. All receiving, processing, and storage occur inside the warehouse; loads are inspected on the tip floor, contaminants are removed, and material is processed promptly. Processing is aerobic in closed vessels with odor controls. A stormwater pollution prevention plan (SWPPP) is implemented for drainage and housekeeping. Equipment is primarily electric (e.g., forklifts, bin tipper), reducing on-site fuels.

Incoming materials are source-separated organics (restaurants, processors, stadiums, hospitality). Storage is short-term with rapid processing and outbound movement of finished product.

Supplemental practices include bag removal and contamination checks at receiving, indoor-only handling (no outdoor stockpiles), and routine housekeeping/vector control— further minimizing the presence and likelihood of hazardous materials on site. 2) Regulatory Framework & Commitments
Air Quality & Odor: Operations will comply with applicable SCAQMD rules (e.g., Rule 402 Public Nuisance, Rule 410 Odors) and any CUP conditions.

Solid Waste/Organics Handling: Operations align with requirements for organic materials facilities under California regulations (Title 14).

Stormwater: A SWPPP is implemented to manage drainage and prevent off-site migration.

Recordkeeping: Operational and compliance records will be maintained for at least two years and provided to the City upon request.

If hazardous materials subject to California Health & Safety Code Chapter 6.95 (HMBP thresholds) are stored/used, Dyrt will prepare/submit and maintain a Hazardous Materials ...
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Business Plan (HMBP) with the jurisdictional CUPA, keep SDS on site, train employees per 8 CCR 5194 (HazCom), and manage any hazardous waste under Title 22 (22 CCR) with registered transporters to permitted facilities.
3) Anticipated Hazardous Materials Profile
Core process: The facility’s core activities do not intentionally use bulk hazardous materials; operations rely on closed-vessel aerobic composting and electric equipment.

Typical ancillary materials (small quantities):
• Janitorial/sanitation chemicals (detergents, disinfectants). • Odor neutralizer used during handling.
• Pest control materials used by contracted services.
• Lubricants/hydraulic oils associated with maintenance (if any). • Forklift battery/charging infrastructure (electric forklifts).

If any petroleum products are stored, they will be kept in closed, labeled containers with secondary containment sized per code.

Inventory thresholds: Based on current operations, the facility does not anticipate storing quantities that trigger HMBP thresholds. If threshold amounts are introduced or exceeded (e.g., ≥55 gal liquids, ≥500 lb solids, or ≥200 ft³ compressed gas), the HMBP will be filed/updated with the CUPA within statutory timeframes and all required postings, training, inspections, and emergency procedures will be implemented. 4) Incoming Load Screening & Unexpected HazMat
All incoming organic loads are tipped indoors and visually inspected. Any suspect or prohibited items (e.g., batteries, aerosol cans, chemicals) discovered during inspection, screening, or contamination removal are immediately segregated, containerized, labeled, and held in a secure, covered area pending compliant disposition.

If any hazardous materials or hazardous waste are discovered, they will be managed per California guidelines—identified and stabilized, stored in compatible secondary containment, profiled as hazardous waste if applicable, removed by a registered hazardous waste hauler, and transported to a permitted TSDF with proper manifests and records retained.

Any release that meets reportable criteria will be immediately reported to the CUPA and other agencies as required by the California Health & Safety Code and 19 CCR, including follow-up documentation and corrective actions.
5) Storage, Labeling, and Containment Practices
• Maintain all containers closed, compatible, and properly labeled (product name, hazards, accumulation start for wastes).
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• Provide secondary containment for liquid hazardous materials/wastes (≥110% of largest container or per applicable code).
• Store incompatible materials separately; maintain clear aisle space and egress. • Keep spill kits and absorbents at points of use; protect floor drains; isolate spill pathways.
• Maintain SDSs on site and accessible to employees and first responders. 6) Battery Charging & Equipment Safety
• Establish a dedicated charging area with ventilation/clearances per manufacturer instructions and Fire Code.
• Provide eyewash/shower and electrolyte spill response (for lead-acid) or thermal event procedures (for Li-ion) as applicable.
• Prohibit ignition sources; post signage; train staff in charging and emergency response. 7) Training & Inspections
• Training: On hire and annually thereafter—hazard communication, spill response, waste identification/labeling, load screening/contamination removal, and emergency procedures.
• Inspections: Weekly documented inspections of the hazmat storage/charging areas and spill control supplies; monthly review of records and signage; annual review of the program.
• Records: Maintain inspection logs, training records, manifests, and SDSs for at least two years (or longer if required).
8) Emergency Response & Notification
• Immediate actions: Stop source, contain, protect drains, evacuate if needed, and notify internal leads and 911 as appropriate.
• Agency notifications: Notify CUPA and other agencies for reportable releases; cooperate with first responders and provide SDSs/site map.
• Post-incident: Conduct incident investigation, corrective actions, restock supplies, and update training/procedures.
9) Alignment with CUP Conditions & Site Controls
This Hazardous Materials Management approach is consistent with the Operations Plan commitments: indoor handling, enclosed process and odor controls, housekeeping/vector control, and regulatory coordination with City of Vernon, LEA, SCAQMD, and CalRecycle. 10) Statement of Certification
Dyrt Labs Inc certifies that:
1) This facility does not intentionally use bulk hazardous materials in the composting process, and any ancillary hazardous materials will be handled in compliance with California and local requirements; and
2) If hazardous materials or hazardous wastes are discovered in incoming loads or on site, ...
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they will be identified, segregated, stored safely, and removed or disposed of in accordance with California guidelines and regulations, with all required reporting and recordkeeping.

Authorized Representative:

Name/Title: ___________________________
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NOISE TECHNICAL REPORT
Dyrt Labs, Inc. Composting Facility
Prepared by: DKA Planning
Prepared for: CAJA Environmental Planning
9410 Topanga Canyon Boulevard
Chatsworth, CA 91311
APRIL 2025
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2550 East 27th Street Project PAGE 2 City of Vernon
Noise Technical Report April 2025
Introduction
This technical report evaluates noise impacts from construction and operation of a Proposed Project at 2550 East 27th Street in the City of Vernon. The analysis discusses applicable regulations and compares impacts to appropriate thresholds of significance.

Fundamentals of Noise
Characteristics of Sound
Sound can be described in terms of its loudness (amplitude) and frequency (pitch). The standard unit of measurement for sound is the decibel (dB). Because the human ear is not equally sensitive to sound at all frequencies, the A-weighted scale (dBA) is used to reflect the normal hearing sensitivity range. On this scale, the range of human hearing extends from 3 to 140 dBA. Table 1 provides examples of A-weighted noise levels from common sources.

Table 1
A-Weighted Decibel Scale
Typical A-Weighted Sound Levels Sound Level (dBA Leq)
Near Jet Engine 130
Rock and Roll Band 110
Jet flyover at 1,000 feet 100
Power Motor 90
Food Blender 80
Living Room Music 70
Human Voice at 3 feet 60
Residential Air Conditioner at 50 feet 50
Bird Calls 40
Quiet Living Room 30
Average Whisper 20
Rustling Leaves 10
Source: Cowan, James P., Handbook of Environmental Acoustics, 1993.

These noise levels are approximations intended for general reference and informational use.

Noise Definitions. This noise analysis discusses sound levels in terms of equivalent noise level (Leq), maximum noise level (Lmax) and the Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL). • Equivalent Noise Level (Leq): Leq represents the average noise level on an energy basis for a specific time period. Average noise level is based on the energy content (acoustic energy) of sound. For example, the Leq for one hour is the energy average noise level during that hour. Leq can be thought of as a continuous noise level of a certain period equivalent in energy content to a fluctuating noise level of that same period. • Maximum Noise Level (Lmax): Lmax represents the maximum instantaneous noise level measured during a given time period.
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2550 East 27th Street Project PAGE 3 City of Vernon
Noise Technical Report April 2025
• Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL): CNEL is an adjusted noise measurement scale of average sound level during a 24-hour period. Due to increased noise sensitivities during evening and night hours, human reaction to sound between 7:00 P.M. and 10:00 P.M. is as if it were actually 5 dBA higher than had it occurred between 7:00 A.M. and 7:00 P.M. From 10:00 P.M. to 7:00 A.M., humans perceive sound as if it were 10 dBA higher.

To account for these sensitivities, CNEL figures are obtained by adding an additional 5 dBA to evening noise levels between 7:00 P.M. and 10:00 P.M. and 10 dBA to nighttime noise levels between 10:00 P.M. and 7:00 A.M. As such, 24-hour CNEL figures are always higher than their corresponding actual 24-hour averages.

Effects of Noise. The degree to which noise can impact an environment ranges from levels that interfere with speech and sleep to levels that can cause adverse health effects. Most human response to noise is subjective. Factors that influence individual responses include the intensity, frequency, and pattern of noise; the amount of background noise present; and the nature of work or human activity exposed to intruding noise. According to the National Institute of Health (NIH), extended or repeated exposure to sounds at or above 85 dB can cause hearing loss. Sounds of 70 dBA or less, even after continuous exposure, are unlikely to cause hearing loss.1The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that adults should not be exposed to sudden “impulse” noise events of 140 dB or greater. For children, this limit is 120 dB.2 Exposure to elevated nighttime noise levels can disrupt sleep, leading to increased levels of fatigue and decreased work or school performance. For the preservation of healthy sleeping environments, the WHO recommends that continuous interior noise levels not exceed 30 dBA and that individual noise events of 45 dBA or higher be avoided. 3 Assuming a conservative
exterior to interior sound reduction of 15 dBA, continuous exterior noise levels should therefore not exceed 45 dBA. Individual exterior events of 60 dBA or higher should also be limited. Some epidemiological studies have shown a weak association between long-term exposure to noise levels of 65 to 70 dBA and cardiovascular effects, including ischemic heart disease and hypertension. However, at this time, the relationship is largely inconclusive.

People with normal hearing sensitivity can recognize small changes in sound levels of approximately 3 dBA. Changes of at least 5 dBA can be readily noticeable while sound level increases of 10 dBA or greater are perceived as a doubling in loudness.4However, during daytime, few people are highly annoyed by noise levels below 55 dBA Leq. 5 1 National Institute of Health, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication, www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/noise-induced-hearing-loss.
2 World Health Organization, Guidelines for Community Noise, 1999. 3 Ibid.
4 Federal Transit Administration, Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment, 2018. 5 World Health Organization, Guidelines for Community Noise, 1999. ...
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2550 East 27th Street Project PAGE 4 City of Vernon
Noise Technical Report April 2025
Noise Attenuation. Noise levels decrease as the distance from noise sources to receivers increases. For each doubling of distance, noise from stationary sources can decrease by about 6 dBA over hard surfaces (e.g., reflective surfaces such as parking lots) and 7.5 dBA over soft surfaces (e.g., absorptive surfaces such as soft dirt and grass). For example, if a point source produces a noise level of 89 dBA at a reference distance of 50 feet over an asphalt surface, its noise level would be approximately 83 dBA at a distance of 100 feet, 77 dBA at 200 feet, etc.

Noises generated by mobile sources such as roadways decrease by about 3 dBA over hard surfaces and 4.5 dBA over soft surfaces for each doubling of distance. It should be noted that because decibels are logarithmic units, they cannot be added or subtracted. For example, two cars each producing 60 dBA of noise would not produce a combined 120 dBA.

Noise is most audible when traveling by direct line of sight, an unobstructed visual path between noise source and receptor. Barriers that break line of sight between sources and receivers, such as walls and buildings, can greatly reduce source noise levels by allowing noise to reach receivers by diffraction only. As a result, sound barriers can generally reduce noise levels by up to 15 dBA.6 The effectiveness of barriers can be greatly reduced when they are not high or long enough to completely break line of sight from sources to receivers.

Regulatory Framework
Noise
Federal. No federal noise standards regulate environmental noise associated with short-term construction activities or long-term operations of development projects. As such, temporary and long-term noise impacts produced by the Project would be largely regulated or evaluated by State and City of Vernon standards designed to protect public well-being and health.

State. The State’s 2017 General Plan Guidelines establish county and city standards for acceptable exterior noise levels based on land use. These standards are incorporated into land use planning processes to prevent or reduce noise and land use incompatibilities. Table 2 illustrates State compatibility considerations between land uses and exterior noise levels.

California Government Code Section 65302 also requires each county and city to prepare and adopt a comprehensive long-range general plan for its physical development. Section 65302(f) requires a noise element to be included in the general plan. This noise element must identify and appraise noise problems in the community, recognize State noise control guidelines, and analyze and quantify current and projected noise levels.
6 California Department of Transportation, Technical Noise Supplement to the Traffic Noise Analysis Protocol, September 2013. https://dot.ca.gov/-/media/dot-media/programs/environmentalanalysis/documents/env/tens-sep2013-a11y.pdf ...
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Table 2
State of California Noise/Land Use Compatibility Matrix Land Use Category
Community Noise Exposure (dB, Ldn or CNEL)
55 60 65 70 75 80
Residential - Low Density Single-Family, Duplex,
Mobile Homes
Residential - Multi-Family
Transient Lodging - Motels Hotels
Schools, Libraries, Churches, Hospitals, Nursing
Homes
Auditoriums, Concert Halls, Amphitheaters
Sports Arena, Outdoor Spectator Sports
Playgrounds, Neighborhood Parks
Golf Courses, Riding Stables, Water Recreation,
Cemeteries
Office Buildings, Business Commercial and
Professional
Industrial, Manufacturing, Utilities, Agriculture
Normally Acceptable - Specified land use is satisfactory, based upon the assumption that any buildings involved are of normal conventional construction without any special noise insulation requirements.

Conditionally Acceptable - New construction or development should be undertaken only after a detailed analysis of the noise reduction requirements is made and needed noise insulation features included in the design. Conventional construction, but with closed windows and fresh air supply system or air conditioning will normally suffice.

Normally Unacceptable - New construction or development should generally be discouraged. If new construction or development does proceed, a detailed analysis of the noise reduction requirements must be made and needed noise insulation features included in the design.

Clearly Unacceptable - New construction or development should generally not be undertaken.

Source: California Office of Planning and Research “General Plan Guidelines, Noise Element Guidelines (Appendix D, Figure 2), 2017. ...
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Los Angeles County Airport Land Use Commission Comprehensive Land Use Plan. In Los Angeles County, the Regional Planning Commission has the responsibility for acting as the Airport Land Use Commission and for coordinating the airport planning of public agencies within the County. The Airport Land Use Commission coordinates planning for the areas surrounding public use airports. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan provides for the orderly expansion of Los Angeles County's public use airports and the areas surrounding them. It is intended to provide for the adoption of land use measures that will minimize the public’s exposure to excessive noise and safety hazards. In formulating the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, the Los Angeles County Airport Land Use Commission has established provisions for safety, noise insulation, and the regulation of building height within areas adjacent to each of the public airports in the County.

City of Vernon General Plan Noise Element. The City of Vernon General Plan, adopted in December 2007, includes a Noise Element that includes policies and standards to guide the control of noise to protect residents, workers, and visitors. Its primary goal is to regulate long-term noise impacts to preserve acceptable noise environments for all types of land uses. It includes programs applicable to construction projects that call for protection of noise sensitive uses and use of best practices to minimize short-term noise impacts. However, the Noise Element contains no quantitative or other thresholds of significance for evaluating a project’s noise impacts. Instead, it adopts the State’s guidance on noise and land use compatibility, shown in Table 2, “to help guide determination of appropriate land use and mitigation measures vis-à-vis existing or anticipated ambient noise levels.” It also includes two goals and three policies that are relevant for the Proposed Project:

Goal N-2: Incorporate noise and vibration considerations into land use planning decisions.

Policy N-2.1: Consider the noise levels likely to be produced by any new businesses or substantially expanded business activities locating near existing noise-sensitive uses such as schools, community facilities, and residences, as well as adjacent to established businesses involving vibration-sensitive activities.

Policy N-2.3: Prohibit the establishment of new noise-sensitive land uses in Vernon, including but not limited to schools, day-care facilities, and community facilities. Permit new residential uses only within the Housing Overlay District, and require new developments to incorporate appropriate noise attenuation to achieve City noise standards.

Goal N-3: Develop measures to control non-transportation noise and similar impacts.

Policy N-3.1: Continue to enforce the noise and vibration performance standards in the City Code to mitigate conflicts among neighboring uses.

City of Vernon Municipal Code. The City of Vernon Municipal Code (VMC) contains regulations that would regulate noise from the Project’s operations. Section 17.22 governs noise issues in the General Industry (I) zone, including:
• Section 17.22.070.B.2.a: Businesses are required to comply with the following noise standards, measured cumulatively with noise from all businesses on the lot:
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Table 3
Vernon Noise Standards
Noise Zone Time Interval Allowable Noise
Lots located within 1/10 of a mile of any residence
or school located in Vernon or abutting communities
10:00 P.M-7:00 A.M. 60 dBA
7:00 A.M.-10:00 P.M. 65 dBA
All other lots Any time 75 dBA
Source: Vernon Municipal Code, Table 12.22.070.
• Section 17.22.070.B.2.b: Noise from any location cannot elevate cumulative noise levels when measured at any point along the lot line:
o The applicable noise standard for a cumulative period of more than 30 minutes in any hour; or
o The applicable noise standard plus five dBA for a cumulative period of more than 15 minutes in any one hour; or
o The applicable noise standard plus 10 dBA for a cumulative period of more than five minutes in any hour; or
o The applicable noise standard plus 15 dBA for a cumulative period of more than one minute in any hour.
• Section 17.22.070.B.2.c: In the event the ambient noise level exceeds any of the noise limit categories set forth in subsection 17.22.070.B.2.b, the cumulative period applicable to such category shall be increased to reflect the ambient noise level, plus five dBA.

Existing Conditions
Noise Sensitive Receptors
The Project Site is located in an industrial zone surrounded by manufacturing and industrial uses.

Noise-sensitive receptors are distant, limited to the following representative sampling:
• Residences, along Furlong Place; 3,100 feet southwest of the Project Site. • Vernon City School; 3,400 feet southwest of the Project Site. • Residences, East 42nd Street; west of Alameda Street 4,400 feet southwest of the Project Site.
• Residences, along East Olympic Boulevard; 4,800 feet northeast of the Project Site.

Existing Ambient Noise Levels
Based on the City’s General Plan Noise Element, the Project Site is located in the City’s 60 CNEL noise contour (2030). A primary source of off-site noise is the operation of manufacturing, industrial, and goods movement facilities near the Project Site. These include:
● South: AAA International Seafood Corporation, an industrial seafood processing facility ● East: FedEx Freight parking lot and National Ready Mixed Concrete, both heavy industrial operations.
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● West: Stone Blue, a garment manufacturer.
● North (Across E 27th St): Reliance Steel and Anna's Vitamins Plus Ltd.

While most facilities involve indoor operations, some have outdoor operations (e.g., mixed concrete facility at 2626 East 26th Street to the northeast) that are not shielded from off-site locations.

There is noise from the operation of heavy- and medium-duty vehicles traveling on local roads to these facilities, creating noise from internal combustion engines and frictional contact with the ground and air.7 There is secondary noise from rail activities along the Los Angeles Junction Railway (LAJ) junction 2,500 feet to the northwest.

The Project Site was most recently occupied by a manufacturing and distribution center, but is vacant now. For the purposes of this analysis, the Project Site is assumed to have no operational sources of noise.

Project Impacts
Methodology
On-Site Operational Noise Activities. The Project’s potential to result in significant noise impacts from on-site operational noise sources was evaluated by identifying sources of on-site noise and considering the impact that they could produce given the nature of the source (i.e., loudness and whether noise would be produced during daytime or more-sensitive nighttime hours), distances to nearby sensitive receptors, ambient noise levels near the Project Site, the presence of similar noise sources in the vicinity, and maximum noise levels permitted by the VMC.

Off-Site Operational Noise Activities. The Project’s off-site noise impact from Project-related traffic was evaluated based its potential to increase traffic volumes on local roadways that serve the Project site. Because it takes a doubling of traffic volumes on a roadway to generate the increased sound energy it takes to elevate ambient noise levels by 3 dBA, the analysis focused on whether auto trips generated by the Proposed Project would double traffic volumes on key roadways that access the Project Site.

Thresholds of Significance
In addition to applicable City standards and guidelines that would regulate or otherwise moderate the Project’s operational noise impacts, the following criteria are adopted to assess the impact of the Project’s operational noise sources:
• Project operations would cause ambient noise levels at off-site locations to increase by 3 dBA CNEL or more to or within “normally unacceptable” or “clearly unacceptable” 7 World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/Comnoise-2.pdf accessed March 18, 2021.
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noise/land use compatibility categories, as defined by the State’s 2017 General Plan Guidelines.
• Project operations would cause any 5 dBA CNEL or greater noise increase.8 Analysis of Project Impacts
a. Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? Less Than Significant Impact.

Operation
On-Site Operational Noise
Mechanical Equipment. During long-term operations, the Project would operate mechanical equipment that could generate noise both inside the 28,000 square-foot building and outside in the 20,000 square-foot parking lot (Table 4). These include the following stationary and mobile sources of noise:

Table 4
On-Site Noise Sources
Equipment Type Quantity Description Location
Electric Forklifts 2 Used for material handling Outdoor Electric Composters 20 In-vessel units for processing organic was and converting to compost Indoor
Electric Sweeper 1 Clean facility grounds Outdoor
Electric Trommel
Screener
2 Used for screening finished compost Indoor
Source: Dyrt
The stationary pieces of equipment would be powered by electricity and connected to a threephase power supply. In the composters, electric motors and fans would be used to turn the compost and ensure adequate aeration to facilitate the decomposition process. These activities would produce minimal noise given the sealed systems for each composter and their location inside the enclosed facility. The two trommel screeners would also not involve use of internal combustion engines or hydraulic pumps that would generate noise inside or outside the building. 8 As a 3 dBA increase represents a slightly noticeable change in noise level, this threshold considers any increase in ambient noise levels to or within a land use’s “normally unacceptable” or “clearly unacceptable” noise/land use compatibility categories to be significant so long as the noise level increase can be considered barely perceptible. In instances where the noise level increase would not necessarily result in “normally unacceptable” or “clearly unacceptable” noise/land use compatibility, a 5 dBA increase is still considered to be significant. Increases less than 3 dBA are unlikely to result in noticeably louder ambient noise conditions and would therefore be considered less than significant. ...
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Any activities that occur when the ingress and egress doors of the building are open would general nominal noise impacts for two reasons. The absence of equipment and processes requiring internal combustion engines or hydraulic equipment mean that any noise would be the lowfrequency hum of electric motors. Any sound path from the east-facing doors would not impact sensitive receptors that are 1.1 miles to the east across the Los Angeles River. The lack of a line of site and the sheer distance would substantially attenuate any noise from these activities.

Any pad-mounted oil transformers that lower high voltage to standard voltage used to power equipment would be located on the ground level in an unobstructed location. Any such transformers would be housed in steel cabinet and generally would not involve pumps, though fans may be needed on some units. Switchgear responsible for distributing power through the development could be located externally, though no mechanical processes that generate noise would be necessary.

Mobile sources of noise would include electric forklifts and an electric sweeper that generally would operate in the open air parking lot. These units would not include hydraulic pumps or internal combustion engines that generate noise. However, these sources would generate minor sources of noise. Forklifts and sweeper would involve electric motors that produce a lowfrequency hum or whine during their intermittent use.

Trash collection. On-site trash and recyclable materials would be managed from the waste collection area inside the facility. Dumpsters would be moved to the street manually or with container handler trucks that use hydraulic-powered lifts that use beeping alerts during operation.

Haul trucks would access solid waste from 27th Street, where solid waste activities would include use of trash compactors and hydraulics associated with the refuse trucks themselves. Noise levels of approximately 71 dBA Leq and 66 dBA Leq could be generated by collection trucks and trash compactors, respectively, at 50 feet of distance.9 Because CNEL levels represent the energy average of sound levels during a 24-hour period, the modest sound power from a few minutes of trash collection activities during daytime hours would negligibly affect CNEL sound levels. A Hazardous Materials Management Plan will be developed in the event that any hazardous materials are used or transported to the facility. Dyrt will maintain clearly labeled, secure, and approved containers to prevent accidental leaks or spills. Storage areas are inspected regularly.

Commercial loading. On-site unloading of organic material and loading of finished compost would be managed in the rear alley, which is obscured from any off-site sensitive receptors. As a result, there would be negligible noise impacts on off-site receptors and impacts would not increase CNEL noise levels at off-site locations.

As discussed above, the Project would not result in an exposure of persons to or a generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies. On-site operations would be required to limit noise pursuant to VMC Section 17.22. The Project would also not increase surrounding noise levels by more than 5 dBA CNEL, the minimum threshold of significance based on the noise/land use 9 RK Engineering Group, Inc. Wal-Mart/Sam’s Club reference noise level, 2003. ...
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category of sensitive receptors near the Project Site. As a result, the Project’s on-site operational noise impacts would be considered less than significant.

Off-Site Operational Noise
Operational noise would also occur off-site from vehicles traveling to and from the facility. The facility would generate worker commute trips, including 32 daily vehicle trips from shift workers, and 22 daily vehicle trips for office staff. Office staff would generally arrive between 8:30 A.M. and 9:00 A.M., while morning shift workers would arrive between 6:00 A.M. and 7:00 A.M. and leave between 1:00 P.M. and 2:00 P.M. Afternoon shift workers would arrive between 1:00 P.M. and 2:00 P.M. and leave between 7:00 P.M. and 8:00 P.M. Approximately 20 truck trips would occur daily to drop off organic waste, typically between 6:00 A.M.to 11:00 AM. Another six truck trips that would pick up compost between 1:00 P.M. and 3:00 P.M.

As illustrated in Table 5, the Project would generate up to eight vehicle trips during the morning peak hour between 8:00 A.M. and 9:00 A.M. and up to nine vehicle trips in the afternoon peak hour between 4:00 P.M. and 5:00 P.M. However, these traffic volumes would represent an average of one vehicle trip six to seven minutes on Santa Fe Avenue and other local roads.

Because it takes a doubling of traffic volumes (i.e., 100 percent) to increase ambient noise levels by 3 dBA Leq, the Project’s traffic would neither increase ambient noise levels 3 dBA or more into “normally unacceptable” or “clearly unacceptable” noise/land use compatibility categories, nor increase ambient noise levels 5 dBA or more. Twenty-four hour CNEL impacts would similarly be minimal, far below criterion for significant operational noise impacts, which begin at 3 dBA. As such, this impact would be considered less than significant. ...
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Table 5
Project Trip Generation Estimates by Hour
Hour Employee Vehicles Medium-Duty Trucks Total
In Out In Out In Out
Pre 6:00 AM 5 0 2 0 7 0
6:00 - 7:00 AM 2 0 2 2 4 2
7:00 - 8:00 AM 1 0 2 2 3 2
8:00 - 9:00 AM 6 0 1 1 7 1
9:00 - 10:00 AM 4 0 1 1 5 1
10:00 - 11:00 AM 0 0 0 2 0 2
11:00 - 12:00 PM 0 2 0 0 0 2
12:00 - 1:00 PM 1 4 1 1 2 5
1:00 - 2:00 PM 7 3 0 0 7 3
2:00 - 3:00 PM 1 1 1 1 2 2
3:00 - 4:00 PM 0 1 1 1 1 2
4:00 - 5:00 PM 0 7 1 1 1 8
5:00 - 6:00 PM 0 1 1 1 1 2
6:00 - 7:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0
7:00 - 8:00 PM 0 8 0 0 0 8
Total 27 27 13 13 40 40
Consistency with City General Plan Noise Element
While the City’s Noise Element focuses on a number of measures for Citywide implementation by municipal government, there are some objectives, policies, and programs that are applicable to development projects. Table 6 summarizes the Proposed Project’s consistency with these. ...
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Table 6
Project Consistency with City of Vernon General Plan Noise Element Objective/Policy/Program Project Consistency
Goal N-2: Incorporate noise and vibration
considerations into land use planning decisions.

Consistent. The Project will incorporate noise and
vibration considerations through the City’s entitlement process and CEQA review, ensuring compliance with
the General Plan, municipal code, and environmental
review requirements.

Policy N-2.1: Consider the noise levels likely to
be produced by any new businesses or
substantially expanded business activities
locating near existing noise-sensitive uses such
as schools, community facilities, and residences,
as well as adjacent to established businesses
involving vibration-sensitive activities.

Consistent. The Project would not substantially
elevate noise at noise-sensitive uses, as the nearest
receptors on Furlong Place are 0.59 miles (3,100
feet) southwest of the Project Site.

Policy N-2.3: Prohibit the establishment of new
noise-sensitive land uses in Vernon, including
but not limited to schools, day-care facilities, and
community facilities. Permit new residential uses
only within the Housing Overlay District, and
require new developments to incorporate
appropriate noise attenuation to achieve City
noise standards.

Not Applicable. The Project is not a noise-sensitive
land use.

Goal N-3: Develop measures to control nontransportation noise and similar impacts.

Consistent. While this measure is generally focused
on municipal programs to control exposure to noise,
the Proposed Project would not substantially elevate
noise levels from non-transportation sources either at
sensitive receptors that are over 3,100 feet away from
the Project Site or at nearby developments, where
noise would not exceed 75 dBA per VMC Section

17.22.070.B.2.a.

Policy N-3.1: Continue to enforce the noise and
vibration performance standards in the City
Code to mitigate conflicts among neighboring
uses.

Consistent. While this measure is generally focused
on municipal programs to enforce noise and vibration
performance standards, the Proposed Project would
not substantially elevate noise levels either at sensitive receptors that are over 3,100 feet away from the
Project Site or at nearby developments, where noise
would not exceed 75 dBA per VMC Section

17.22.070.B.2.a.

Source: DKA Planning, 2025.
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b. For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan, or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels?
Less Than Significant Impact.

The Project Site is located about 8.4 miles northeast of the Hawthorne Municipal Airport and 9.9 miles northeast of Los Angeles International Airport. Because the Proposed Project would not be located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or within two miles of a public airport, the Project would not expose local workers or residents in the area to excessive noise levels. This would be considered a less than significant impact.
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AIR QUALITY TECHNICAL REPORT
Dyrt Labs, Inc. Composting Facility
Prepared by: DKA Planning
Prepared for: CAJA Environmental Planning
9410 Topanga Canyon Boulevard
Chatsworth, CA 91311
APRIL 2025
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Air Quality Technical Report April 2025
Introduction
This technical report addresses the air quality impacts generated by operation of a Proposed Project at 2550 East 27th Street in the City of Vernon. The analysis evaluates the consistency of the Project with air quality policies set forth in the South Coast Air Quality Management District’s (SCAQMD) Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) and the City’s General Plan. The analysis of Project-generated air emissions focuses on whether the Project would cause an exceedance of an ambient air quality standard or SCAQMD significance threshold. Calculation worksheets, assumptions, and model outputs used in the analysis are included in the Technical Appendix to this analysis.

Regulatory Framework
Federal
The Federal Clean Air Act (CAA) was first enacted in 1955 and has been amended numerous times in subsequent years, with the most recent amendments in 1990. At the federal level, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is responsible for implementation of some portions of the CAA (e.g., certain mobile source and other requirements). Other portions of the CAA (e.g., stationary source requirements) are implemented by state and local agencies. In California, the California Clean Air Act (CCAA) is administered by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) at the State level and by the air quality management districts and air pollution control districts at the regional and local levels.

The 1990 amendments to the CAA identify specific emission reduction goals for areas not meeting the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). These amendments require both a demonstration of reasonable further progress toward attainment and incorporation of additional sanctions for failure to attain or to meet interim milestones. The sections of the CAA which are most applicable to the Project include Title I (Nonattainment Provisions) and Title II (Mobile Source Provisions).

NAAQS have been established for seven major air pollutants: CO (carbon monoxide), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), O3 (ozone), PM2.5 (particulate matter, 2.5 microns), PM10 (particulate matter, 10 microns), SO2 (sulfur dioxide), and Pb (lead).

The CAA requires the USEPA to designate areas as attainment, nonattainment, or maintenance (previously nonattainment and currently attainment) for each criteria pollutant based on whether the NAAQS have been achieved. Title I provisions are implemented for the purpose of attaining NAAQS.

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Table 1
State and National Ambient Air Quality Standards and Attainment Status for LA County Pollutant
Averaging
Period
California Federal
Standards Attainment Status Standards Attainment Status Ozone (O3)
1-hour 0.09 ppm
(180 µg/m3) Non-attainment -- --
8-hour 0.070 ppm
(137 µg/m3) Non-attainment 0.070 ppm (137 µg/m3) Non-attainment Respirable
Particulate Matter
(PM10)
24-hour 50 µg/m3 Non-attainment 150 µg/m3 Attainment
Annual Arithmetic
Mean 20 µg/m3 Non-attainment -- --
Fine Particulate
Matter (PM2.5)
24-hour -- -- 35 µg/m3 Non-attainment
Annual Arithmetic
Mean 12 µg/m3 Non-attainment 12 µg/m3 Non-attainment
Carbon Monoxide
(CO)
1-hour 20 ppm
(23 mg/m3) Attainment 35 ppm(40 mg/m3) Attainment
8-hour 9.0 ppm
(10 mg/m3) Attainment 9 ppm(10 mg/m3) Attainment
Nitrogen Dioxide
(NO2)
1-hour 0.18 ppm
(338 µg/m3) Attainment 100 ppb(188 µg/m3) Attainment
Annual Arithmetic
Mean

0.030 ppm
(57 µg/m3) Attainment 53 ppb(100 µg/m3) Attainment
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
1-hour 0.25 ppm
(655 µg/m3) Attainment 75 ppb(196 µg/m3) Attainment
24-hour 0.04 ppm
(105 µg/m3) Attainment -- --
Lead (Pb) 30-day average 1.5 µg/m3 Attainment -- --
Calendar Quarter -- -- 0.15 µg/m3 Non-attainment
Visibility Reducing
Particles 8-hour
Extinction of

0.07 per
kilometer
N/A No Federal Standards
Sulfates 24-hour 25 µg/m3 Attainment No Federal Standards Hydrogen Sulfide
(H2S) 1-hour 0.03 ppm(42 µg/m3) Unclassified No Federal Standards Vinyl Chloride 24-hour 0.01 ppm
(26 µg/m3) N/A No Federal Standards
N/A = not available
ppm = parts per million; µg/m3 – micrograms per cubic meter; mg/m3 – milligrams per cubic meter Source: USEPA, NAAQS Table (https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants/naaqs-table) and CARB, California Ambient Air Quality Standards (https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/california-ambient-air-quality-standards). Attainment status data from CARB, Ambient Air Quality Standards, and attainment status (www.arb.ca.gov/desig/adm/adm.htm).

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mobile air emission sources. The provisions of Title II have resulted in tailpipe emission standards for vehicles, which have been strengthened in recent years to improve air quality. For example, the standards for NOX emissions have been lowered substantially and the specification requirements for cleaner burning gasoline are more stringent.

The USEPA regulates emission sources that are under the exclusive authority of the federal government, such as aircraft, ships, and certain types of locomotives. USEPA has jurisdiction over emission sources outside state waters (e.g., beyond the outer continental shelf) and establishes various emission standards, including those for vehicles sold in states other than California. Automobiles sold in California must meet stricter emission standards established by CARB. USEPA adopted multiple tiers of emission standards to reduce emissions from non-road diesel engines (e.g., diesel-powered construction equipment) by integrating engine and fuel controls as a system to gain the greatest emission reductions.

The first federal standards (Tier 1) for new non-road (or off-road) diesel engines were adopted in 1994 for engines over 50 horsepower, to be phased-in from 1996 to 2000. On August 27, 1998, USEPA introduced Tier 1 standards for equipment under 37 kW (50 horsepower) and increasingly more stringent Tier 2 and Tier 3 standards for all equipment with phase-in schedules from 2000 to 2008. The Tier 1 through 3 standards were met through advanced engine design, with no or only limited use of exhaust gas after-treatment (oxidation catalysts). Tier 3 standards for NOX and hydrocarbon are similar in stringency to the 2004 standards for highway engines. However, Tier 3 standards for particulate matter were never adopted. On May 11, 2004, USEPA signed the final rule introducing Tier 4 emission standards, which were phased-in between 2008 and 2015. The Tier 4 standards require that emissions of particulate matter and NOX be further reduced by about 90 percent. Such emission reductions are achieved through the use of control technologies—including advanced exhaust gas after-treatment.

State
California Clean Air Act. In addition to being subject to the requirements of CAA, air quality in California is also governed by more stringent regulations under the CCAA. In California, CCAA is administered by CARB at the state level and by the air quality management districts and air pollution control districts at the regional and local levels. CARB, which became part of the California Environmental Protection Agency in 1991, is responsible for meeting the state requirements of the CAA, administering the CCAA, and establishing the California Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS). The CCAA, as amended in 1992, requires all air districts in the State to endeavor to achieve and maintain the CAAQS. CAAQS are generally more stringent than the corresponding federal standards and incorporate additional standards for sulfates, hydrogen sulfide, vinyl chloride, and visibility-reducing particles.

CARB regulates mobile air pollution sources, such as motor vehicles. CARB is responsible for setting emission standards for vehicles sold in California and for other emission sources, such as consumer products and certain off-road equipment. CARB established passenger vehicle fuel specifications in March 1996. CARB oversees the functions of local air pollution control districts and air quality management districts, which, in turn, administer air quality activities at the regional and county levels.

The State standards are summarized in Table 1.

The CCAA requires CARB to designate areas within California as either attainment or nonattainment for each criteria pollutant based on whether the CAAQS thresholds have been achieved. Under the CCAA, areas are designated as nonattainment for a pollutant if air quality data shows that a state standard for the pollutant was violated at least once during the previous three calendar years. Exceedances that are affected by highly irregular or infrequent events are not considered violations of a state standard and ...
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are not used as a basis for designating areas as nonattainment. Under the CCAA, the non-desert Los Angeles County portion of the Basin is designated as a nonattainment area for O3, PM10, and PM2.5.

In August 2022, CARB approved regulations to ban new gasoline-powered cars beginning with 2035 models. Automakers will gradually electrify their fleet of new vehicles, beginning with 35 percent of 2026 models sold. In March 2023, USEPA approved CARB’s regulations that mandate that all new mediumand heavy-duty trucks would be zero emissions by 2045 where feasible. Trucking companies would also have to gradually convert their existing fleets to zero emission vehicles.

CARB has further required that all small (25 horsepower and below) off-road engines that are sparkignited (e.g., lawn and gardening equipment) must be zero emission starting in model year 2024.

Standards for portable generators and large pressure washers were given until model year 2028 to be electric-powered.

Toxic Air Contaminant Identification and Control Act. The public’s exposure to toxic air contaminants (TACs) is a significant public health issue in California. CARB’s statewide comprehensive air toxics program was established in the early 1980s. The Toxic Air Contaminant Identification and Control Act created California's program to reduce exposure to air toxics. Under the Toxic Air Contaminant Identification and Control Act, CARB is required to use certain criteria in the prioritization for the identification and control of air toxics. In selecting substances for review, CARB must consider criteria relating to "the risk of harm to public health, amount or potential amount of emissions, manner of, and exposure to, usage of the substance in California, persistence in the atmosphere, and ambient concentrations in the community" [Health and Safety Code Section 39666(f)].

The Toxic Air Contaminant Identification and Control Act also requires CARB to use available information gathered from the Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Information and Assessment Act program to include in the prioritization of compounds. CARB identified particulate emissions from diesel-fueled engines (diesel PM) TACs in August 1998. Following the identification process, CARB was required by law to determine if there is a need for further control, which led to the risk management phase of the program. For the risk management phase, CARB formed the Diesel Advisory Committee to assist in the development of a risk management guidance document and a risk reduction plan. With the assistance of the Diesel Advisory Committee and its subcommittees, CARB developed the Risk Reduction Plan to Reduce Particulate Matter Emissions from Diesel-Fueled Engines and Vehicles and the Risk Management Guidance for the Permitting of New Stationary Diesel-Fueled Engines. CARB approved these documents on September 28, 2000, paving the way for the next step in the regulatory process: the control measure phase. During the control measure phase, specific Statewide regulations designed to further reduce diesel PM emissions from diesel-fueled engines and vehicles have and continue to be evaluated and developed.

The goal of each regulation is to make diesel engines as clean as possible by establishing state-of-theart technology requirements or emission standards to reduce diesel PM emissions. Breathing H2S at levels above the State standard could result in exposure to a disagreeable rotten eggs odor. The State does not regulate other odors.

California Air Toxics Program. The California Air Toxics Program was established in 1983, when the California Legislature adopted Assembly Bill (AB) 1807 to establish a two-step process of risk identification and risk management to address potential health effects from exposure to toxic substances in the air. 1 In the risk identification step, CARB and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard 1 California Air Resources Board, California Air Toxics Program, https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/air- ...toxics-program, last reviewed by CARB September 24, 2015. ...

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Assessment (OEHHA) determine if a substance should be formally identified, or “listed,” as a TAC in California. Since inception of the program, a number of such substances have been listed, including benzene, chloroform, formaldehyde, and particulate emissions from diesel-fueled engines, among others.
2 In 1993, the California Legislature amended the program to identify the 189 federal hazardous air pollutants as TACs.

In the risk management step, CARB reviews emission sources of an identified TAC to determine whether regulatory action is needed to reduce risk. Based on results of that review, CARB has promulgated a number of airborne toxic control measures (ATCMs), both for mobile and stationary sources. In 2004, CARB adopted an ATCM to limit heavy-duty diesel motor vehicle idling in order to reduce public exposure to diesel PM and other TACs. The measure applies to diesel-fueled commercial vehicles with gross vehicle weight ratings greater than 10,000 pounds that are licensed to operate on highways, regardless of where they are registered. This measure does not allow diesel-fueled commercial vehicles to idle for more than five minutes at any given time.

In addition to limiting exhaust from idling trucks, CARB adopted regulations on July 26, 2007 for off-road diesel construction equipment such as bulldozers, loaders, backhoes, and forklifts, as well as many other self-propelled off-road diesel vehicles to reduce emissions by installation of diesel particulate filters and encouraging the replacement of older, dirtier engines with newer emission-controlled models. In April 2021, CARB proposed a 2020 Mobile Source Strategy that seeks to move California to 100 percent zero-emission off-road equipment by 2035.

Assembly Bill 2588 Air Toxics “Hot Spots” Program. The AB 1807 program is supplemented by the AB 2588 Air Toxics “Hot Spots” program, which was established by the California Legislature in 1987.

Under this program, facilities are required to report their air toxics emissions, assess health risks, and notify nearby residents and workers of significant risks if present. In 1992, the AB 2588 program was amended by Senate Bill (SB) 1731 to require facilities that pose a significant health risk to the community to reduce their risk through implementation of a risk management plan.

Air Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Community Health Perspective. The Air Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Community Health Perspective provides important air quality information about certain types of facilities (e.g., freeways, refineries, rail yards, ports) that should be considered when siting sensitive land uses such as residences.3 CARB provides recommended site distances from certain types of facilities when considering siting new sensitive land uses. The recommendations are advisory and should not be interpreted as defined “buffer zones.” If a project is within the siting distance, CARB recommends further analysis.

Where possible, CARB recommends a minimum separation between new sensitive land uses and existing sources. Some examples of CARB’s siting recommendations include the following: (1) avoid siting sensitive receptors within 500 feet of a freeway, urban road with 100,000 vehicles per day, or rural roads with 50,000 vehicles per day; (2) avoid siting sensitive receptors within 1,000 feet of a distribution center (that accommodates more than 100 trucks per day, more than 40 trucks with operating transport 2 California Air Resources Board, Toxic Air Contaminant Identification List, https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/carb-identified-toxic-air-contaminants. 3 California Air Resources Board, Air Quality and Land Use Handbook, a Community Health Perspective, April ...2005.
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refrigeration units per day, or where transport refrigeration unit operations exceed 300 hours per week); and (3) avoid siting sensitive receptors within 300 feet of any dry cleaning operation using perchloroethylene and within 500 feet of operations with two or more machines.

California Code of Regulations. The California Code of Regulations (CCR) is the official compilation and publication of regulations adopted, amended or repealed by the state agencies pursuant to the Administrative Procedure Act. The CCR includes regulations that pertain to air quality emissions.

Specifically, Section 2485 in CCR Title 13 states that the idling of all diesel-fueled commercial vehicles (weighing over 10,000 pounds) used during construction shall be limited to five minutes at any location.

In addition, Section 93115 in CCR Title 17 states that operation of any stationary, diesel-fueled, compression-ignition engines shall meet specified fuel and fuel additive requirements and emission standards.

Regional (South Coast Air Quality Management District)
The SCAQMD was created in 1977 to coordinate air quality planning efforts throughout Southern California. SCAQMD is the agency principally responsible for comprehensive air pollution control in the region. Specifically, SCAQMD is responsible for monitoring air quality, as well as planning, implementing, and enforcing programs designed to attain and maintain the CAAQS and NAAQS in the district. SCAQMD has jurisdiction over an area of 10,743 square miles consisting of Orange County; the non-desert portions of Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties; and the Riverside County portion of the Salton Sea Air Basin and Mojave Desert Air Basin. The Basin portion of SCAQMD’s jurisdiction covers an area of 6,745 square miles. The Basin includes all of Orange County and the nondesert portions of Los Angeles (including the Project Area), Riverside, and San Bernardino counties.

Programs that were developed by SCAQMD to attain and maintain the CAAQS and NAAQS include air quality rules and regulations that regulate stationary sources, area sources, point sources, and certain mobile source emissions. SCAQMD is also responsible for establishing stationary source permitting requirements and for ensuring that new, modified, or relocated stationary sources do not create net emission increases. However, SCAQMD has primary authority over about 20 percent of NOx emissions, a precursor to ozone formation. All projects in the SCAQMD jurisdiction are subject to SCAQMD rules and regulations, including, but not limited to the following:
• Rule 401 (Visible Emissions): This rule prohibits air discharge that results in a plume that is as dark as or darker than what is designed as No. 1 Ringelmann Chart by the United States Bureau of Mines for an aggregate of three minutes in any one hour.
• Rule 402 (Nuisance): This rule prohibits the discharge of “such quantities of air contaminants or other material which cause injury, detriment, nuisance, or annoyance to any considerable number of people or the public, or which endanger the comfort, repose, health or safety of any such persons or the public, or which cause, or have a natural tendency to cause, injury or damage to business or property.”
• Rule 403 (Fugitive Dust): This rule mandates that projects reduce the amount of particulate matter entrained in the ambient air as a result of fugitive dust sources by requiring actions to prevent, reduce, or mitigate fugitive dust emissions from any active operation, open storage pile, or disturbed surface area.
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• Rule 1113 Architectural Coatings: This rule limits the volatile organic compound (VOC) content of architectural coatings.

Air Quality Management Plan. SCAQMD adopted the 2022 Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) on December 2, 2022, updating the region’s air quality attainment plan to address the “extreme” ozone nonattainment status for the Basin and the severe ozone non-attainment for the Coachella Valley Basin by laying a path for attainment by 2037. This includes reducing NOx emissions by 67 percent more than required by adopted rules and regulations in 2037. The AQMP calls on strengthening many stationary source controls and addressing new sources like wildfires, but still concludes that the region will not meet air quality standards without a significant shift to zero emission technologies and significant federal action. The 2022 AQMP relies on the growth assumptions in the Southern California Association of Governments’ (SCAG) 2020-2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS).

Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study V. To date, the most comprehensive study on air toxics in the Basin is the Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study V, released in August 2021.4 The report included refinements in aircraft and recreational boating emissions and diesel conversion factors. It finds a Basin average cancer risk of 455 in a million (population-weighted, multi-pathway), which represents a decrease of 54 percent compared to the estimate in MATES IV. The monitoring program measured more than 30 air pollutants, including both gases and particulates. The monitoring study was accompanied by computer modeling that estimated the risk of cancer from breathing toxic air pollution based on emissions and weather data. About 88 percent of the risk is attributed to emissions associated with mobile sources, with the remainder attributed to toxics emitted from stationary sources, which include large industrial operations, such as refineries and metal processing facilities, as well as smaller businesses such as gas stations and chrome plating facilities. The results indicate that diesel PM is the largest contributor to air toxics risk, accounting on average for about 50 percent of the total risk.

Regional (Southern California Association of Governments) SCAG is the regional planning agency for Los Angeles, Orange, Ventura, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Imperial Counties, and addresses regional issues relating to transportation, the economy, community development and the environment. SCAG coordinates with air quality and transportation stakeholders in Southern California to ensure compliance with federal and state air quality requirements, including the Transportation Conformity Rule and other applicable federal, state, and air district laws and regulations. As the federally designated Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) for the six-county Southern California region, SCAG is required by law to ensure that transportation activities “conform” to, and are supportive of, the goals of regional and state air quality plans to attain the NAAQS. In addition, SCAG is a co-producer, with the SCAQMD, of the transportation strategy and transportation control measure sections of the AQMP for the Air Basin.

SCAG adopted the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS on September 23, 2020. The RTP/SCS addresses the transportation and air quality impacts of 3.7 million additional residents, 1.6 additional households, and

1.6 million additional jobs from 2016 to 2045. The Plan calls for $639 billion in transportation investments and reducing vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by 19 percent per capita from 2005 to 2035. The updated plan accommodates 21.3 percent growth in population from 2016 (3,933,800) to 2045 (4,771,300) and 4 South Coast Air Quality Management District, MATES-V Study. https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air- ...quality-studies/health-studies/mates-v
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a 15.6 percent growth in jobs from 2016 (1,848,300) to 2045 (2,135,900). The regional plan projects several benefits:
• Decreasing drive-along work commutes by three percent • Reducing per capita VMT by five percent and vehicle hours traveled per capita by nine percent • Increasing transit commuting by two percent
• Reducing travel delay per capita by 26 percent
• Creating 264,500 new jobs annually
• Reducing greenfield development by 29 percent by focusing on smart growth • Locating six more percent household growth in High Quality Transit Areas (HQTAs), which concentrate roadway repair investments, leverage transit and active transportation investments, reduce regional life cycle infrastructure costs, improve accessibility, create local jobs, and have the potential to improve public health and housing affordability. • Locating 15 percent more jobs in HQTAs
• Reducing PM2.5 emissions by 4.1 percent
• Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 19 percent by 2035 SCAG adopted the 2024-2050 RTP/SCS on April 4, 2024. The RTP/SCS addresses the transportation and air quality impacts of two million additional residents, 1.6 additional households, and 1.3 million additional jobs by 2050. The Plan calls for $751.7 billion in transportation investments and reducing VMT and is the latest long-range plan, continuing to recognize that transportation investments and future land use patterns are inextricably linked, and acknowledging how this relationship can help the region make choices that sustain existing resources while expanding efficiency, mobility, and accessibility for people across the region. To this end, the 2024-2050 RTP/SCS land use pattern continues the trend of focusing 66 percent of new households and 54 percent of new jobs in Priority Development Areas and the region’s High Quality Transit Corridors (HQTCs) and aims to enhance and build out the region’s transit network.

HQTCs are a cornerstone of land use planning best practice in the SCAG region, and studies have found that focusing development in areas served by transit can result in local, regional, and statewide benefits including reduced air pollution and energy consumption.

Local (City of Vernon)
City of Vernon General Plan Resources Element. The Resources Element of the City’s General Plan was adopted on December 3, 2007, and sets forth the goals, objectives, and policies, which guide the City in the implementation of air quality improvement programs and strategies. The Resources Element acknowledges the interrelationships among transportation and land use planning in meeting the City’s mobility and air quality goals.

The Resources Element includes Goal R-2 (Contribute to the continued gradual improvement of air quality in the South Coast Air Basin) that includes five policies:
• Policy R-2.1: Coordinate and cooperate with the South Coast Air Quality Management District and Southern California Association of Governments in efforts to implement the regional Air Quality Management Plan.
• Policy R-2.2: Encourage and facilitate the use of public transportation to reduce emissions associated with automobile use.
• Policy R-2.3: Continue to expand the number of City-owned alternative fuels vehicles, hybrid ... vehicles, and other energy-efficient vehicles as they may be available. ...

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• Policy R-2.4: Maximize the amount of clean electrical power produced while minimizing emissions from power production plants.
• Policy R-2.5: Consult with the Gateway Cities Council of Governments, regional planning agencies, and surrounding municipalities to coordinate land use, circulation, and infrastructure improvement efforts.

California Environmental Quality Act. In accordance with CEQA requirements, the City assesses the air quality impacts of new development projects, requires mitigation of potentially significant air quality impacts by conditioning discretionary permits, and monitors and enforces implementation of such mitigation. The City uses the SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook and SCAQMD’s supplemental online guidance/information for the environmental review of development proposals within its jurisdiction.

Existing Conditions
Pollutants and Effects
Air quality is defined by ambient air concentrations of seven specific pollutants identified by the USEPA to be of concern with respect to health and welfare of the general public. These specific pollutants, known as “criteria air pollutants,” are defined as pollutants for which the federal and State governments have established ambient air quality standards, or criteria, for outdoor concentrations to protect public health. Criteria air pollutants include carbon monoxide (CO), ground-level ozone (O3), nitrogen oxides (NOX), sulfur oxides (SOX), particulate matter ten microns or less in diameter (PM10), particulate matter

2.5 microns or less in diameter (PM2.5), and lead (Pb). The following descriptions of each criteria air pollutant and their health effects are based on information provided by the SCAQMD.5 Carbon Monoxide (CO). CO is primarily emitted from combustion processes and motor vehicles due to incomplete combustion of fuel. Elevated concentrations of CO weaken the heart’s contractions and lower the amount of oxygen carried by the blood. It is especially dangerous for people with chronic heart disease. Inhalation of CO can cause nausea, dizziness, and headaches at moderate concentrations and can be fatal at high concentrations.

Ozone (O3). O3 is a gas that is formed when volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOX)—both byproducts of internal combustion engine exhaust—undergo slow photochemical reactions in the presence of sunlight. O3 concentrations are generally highest during the summer months when direct sunlight, light wind, and warm temperature conditions are favorable. An elevated level of O3 irritates the lungs and breathing passages, causing coughing and pain in the chest and throat, thereby increasing susceptibility to respiratory infections and reducing the ability to exercise. Effects are more severe in people with asthma and other respiratory ailments. Long-term exposure may lead to scarring of lung tissue and may lower lung efficiency.

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2). NO2 is a byproduct of fuel combustion and major sources include power plants, large industrial facilities, and motor vehicles. The principal form of nitrogen oxide produced by combustion is nitric oxide (NO), which reacts quickly to form NO2, creating the mixture of NO and NO2 commonly called NOX. NO2 absorbs blue light and results in a brownish-red cast to the atmosphere and reduced visibility. NO2 also contributes to the formation of PM10. Nitrogen oxides irritate the nose and 5 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Final Program Environmental Impact Report for the 2012 AQMP, ...December 7, 2012.
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throat, and increase one’s susceptibility to respiratory infections, especially in people with asthma. The principal concern of NOX is as a precursor to the formation of ozone.

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2). Sulfur oxides (SOX) are compounds of sulfur and oxygen molecules. SO2 is the pre- dominant form found in the lower atmosphere and is a product of burning sulfur or burning materials that contain sulfur. Major sources of SO2 include power plants, large industrial facilities, diesel vehicles, and oil-burning residential heaters. Emissions of sulfur dioxide aggravate lung diseases, especially bronchitis. It also constricts the breathing passages, especially in asthmatics and people involved in moderate to heavy exercise. SO2 potentially causes wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing. High levels of particulates appear to worsen the effect of sulfur dioxide, and long-term exposures to both pollutants leads to higher rates of respiratory illness.

Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5). The human body naturally prevents the entry of larger particles into the body. However, small particles, with an aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 10 microns (PM10), and even smaller particles with an aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5), can enter the body and become trapped in the nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract. These small particulates can potentially aggravate existing heart and lung diseases, change the body’s defenses against inhaled materials, and damage lung tissue. The elderly, children, and those with chronic lung or heart disease are most sensitive to PM10 and PM2.5. Lung impairment can persist for two to three weeks after exposure to high levels of particulate matter. Some types of particulates can become toxic after inhalation due to the presence of certain chemicals and their reaction with internal body fluids.

Lead (Pb). Lead is emitted from industrial facilities and from the sanding or removal of old lead-based paint. Smelting or processing the metal is the primary source of lead emissions, which is primarily a regional pollutant. Lead affects the brain and other parts of the body’s nervous system. Exposure to lead in very young children impairs the development of the nervous system, kidneys, and blood forming processes in the body.

State-Only Criteria Pollutants
Visibility-Reducing Particles. Deterioration of visibility is one of the most obvious manifestations of air pollution and plays a major role in the public’s perception of air quality. Visibility reduction from air pollution is often due to the presence of sulfur and NOX, as well as PM.

Sulfates (SO4
2-
). Sulfates are the fully oxidized ionic form of sulfur. Sulfates occur in combination with metal and/or hydrogen ions. In California, emissions of sulfur compounds occur primarily from the combustion of petroleum-derived fuels (e.g., gasoline and diesel fuel) that contain sulfur. This sulfur is oxidized during the combustion process and subsequently converted to sulfate compounds in the atmosphere. Effects of sulfate exposure at levels above the standard include a decrease in ventilatory function, aggravation of asthmatic symptoms, and an increased risk of cardio-pulmonary disease.

Sulfates are particularly effective in degrading visibility, and, due to fact that they are usually acidic, can harm ecosystems and damage materials and property.

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S). H2S is a colorless gas with the odor of rotten eggs. It is formed during bacterial decomposition of sulfur-containing organic substances. Also, it can be present in sewer gas and some natural gas and can be emitted as the result of geothermal energy exploitation. Breathing H2S at levels above the state standard could result in exposure to a very disagreeable odor. ... ...

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Vinyl Chloride. Vinyl chloride is a colorless, flammable gas at ambient temperature and pressure. It is also highly toxic and is classified as a known carcinogen by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. At room temperature, vinyl chloride is a gas with a sickly-sweet odor that is easily condensed. However, it is stored at cooler temperatures as a liquid. Due to the hazardous nature of vinyl chloride to human health, there are no end products that use vinyl chloride in its monomer form. Vinyl chloride is a chemical intermediate, not a final product. It is an important industrial chemical chiefly used to produce polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

The process involves vinyl chloride liquid fed to polymerization reactors where it is converted from a monomer to a polymer PVC. The final product of the polymerization process is PVC in either a flake or pellet form. Billions of pounds of PVC are sold on the global market each year. From its flake or pellet form, PVC is sold to companies that heat and mold the PVC into end products such as PVC pipe and bottles. Vinyl chloride emissions are historically associated primarily with landfills.

Toxic Air Contaminants (TACs)
TACs refer to a diverse group of “non-criteria” air pollutants that can affect human health but have not had ambient air quality standards established for them. This is not because they are fundamentally different from the pollutants discussed above but because their effects tend to be local rather than regional. TACs are classified as carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic, where carcinogenic TACs can cause cancer and noncarcinogenic TAC can cause acute and chronic impacts to different target organ systems (e.g., eyes, respiratory, reproductive, developmental, nervous, and cardiovascular). CARB and OEHHA determine if a substance should be formally identified, or “listed,” as a TAC in California. A complete list of these substances is maintained on CARB’s website.6
Diesel particulate matter (DPM), which is emitted in the exhaust from diesel engines, was listed by the state as a TAC in 1998. DPM has historically been used as a surrogate measure of exposure for all diesel exhaust emissions. DPM consists of fine particles (diameter less than 2.5 micrometer (μm)), including a subgroup of ultrafine particles (diameter less than 0.1 μm). Collectively, these particles have a large surface area which makes them an excellent medium for absorbing organics. The visible emissions in diesel exhaust include carbon particles or “soot.” Diesel exhaust also contains a variety of harmful gases and cancer-causing substances.

Exposure to DPM may be a health hazard, particularly to children whose lungs are still developing and the elderly who may have other serious health problems. DPM levels and resultant potential health effects may be higher in close proximity to heavily traveled roadways with substantial truck traffic or near industrial facilities. According to CARB, DPM exposure may lead to the following adverse health effects:
(1) aggravated asthma; (2) chronic bronchitis; (3) increased respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations; (4) decreased lung function in children; (5) lung cancer; and (6) premature deaths for people with heart or lung disease.7,8
6 California Air Resources Board, Toxic Air Contaminant Identification List, https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/carb-identified-toxic-air-contaminants. 7 California Air Resources Board, Overview: Diesel Exhaust and Health, www.arb.ca.gov/research/diesel/diesel- health.htm, last reviewed by CARB April 12, 2016. 8 California Air Resources Board, Fact Sheet: Diesel Particulate Matter Health Risk Assessment Study for the ...West Oakland Community: Preliminary Summary of Results, March 2008. ...

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Project Site
The Project Site is located within the South Coast Air Basin (the Basin); named so because of its geographical formation is that of a basin, with the surrounding mountains trapping the air and its pollutants in the valleys or basins below. The 6,745-square-mile Basin includes all of Orange County and the non-desert portions of Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties. It is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west; the San Gabriel, San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains to the north and east; and the San Diego County line to the south. Ambient pollution concentrations recorded in Los Angeles County portion of the Basin are among the highest in the four counties comprising the Basin.

USEPA has classified Los Angeles County as nonattainment areas for O3, PM2.5, and lead. This classification denotes that the Basin does not meet the NAAQS for these pollutants. In addition, under the CCAA, the Los Angeles County portion of the Basin is designated as a nonattainment area for O3, PM10, and PM2.5. The air quality within the Basin is primarily influenced by a wide range of emissions sources, such as dense population centers, heavy vehicular traffic, industry, and meteorology.

Air pollutant emissions are generated in the local vicinity by stationary and area-wide sources, such as commercial activity, space and water heating, landscaping maintenance, consumer products, and mobile sources primarily consisting of automobile traffic.

Air Pollution Climatology. The topography and climate of Southern California combine to make the Basin an area of high air pollution potential. During the summer months, a warm air mass frequently descends over the cool, moist marine layer produced by the interaction between the ocean’s surface and the lowest layer of the atmosphere. The warm upper layer forms a cap over the cooler surface layer which inhibits the pollutants from dispersing upward. Light winds during the summer further limit ventilation.

Additionally, abundant sunlight triggers photochemical reactions which produce O3 and the majority of particulate matter.

Air Monitoring Data. The SCAQMD monitors air quality conditions at 38 source receptor areas (SRA) throughout the Basin. The Project Site is located in SCAQMD’s Central Los Angeles receptor area.

Historical data from the area was used to characterize existing conditions in the vicinity of the Project area. Table 2 shows pollutant levels, State and federal standards, and the number of exceedances recorded in the area from 2021 through 2023. The one-hour State standard for O3 was exceeded three times during this three-year period. The federal standard was exceeded 15 times in that same period.

In addition, the daily State standard for PM10 was exceeded nine times. The daily federal standard for PM2.5 was exceeded twelve times. CO, SO2, and NO2 levels did not exceed the CAAQS from 2021 to 2023 for 1-hour (and 8-hour for CO).
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Table 2
Ambient Air Quality Data
Pollutants and State and Federal Standards
Maximum Concentrations and Frequencies
of Exceedance Standards
2021 2022 2023
Ozone (O3)
Maximum 1-hour Concentration (ppm) 0.099 0.138 0.097
Days > 0.09 ppm (State 1-hour standard) 1 1 1
Days > 0.070 ppm (Federal 8-hour standard) 2 6 7
Carbon Monoxide (CO2)
Maximum 1-hour Concentration (ppm) 2.0 1.7 1.4
Days > 20 ppm (State 1-hour standard) 0 0 0
Maximum 8-hour Concentration (ppm) 1.6 1.5 1.2
Days > 9.0 ppm (State 8-hour standard) 0 0 0
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Maximum 1-hour Concentration (ppm) 0.0778 0.0751 0.0643 Days > 0.18 ppm (State 1-hour standard) 0 0 0
PM10
Maximum 24-hour Concentration (µg/m3) 64 60 57
Days > 50 µg/m3 (State 24-hour standard) 3 4 2
PM2.5
Maximum 24-hour Concentration (µg/m3) 61.0 33.7 30.6
Days > 35 µg/m3 (Federal 24-hour standard) 12 0 0
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
Maximum 1-hour Concentration (ppb) 2.2 6.5 7.7
Days > 0.25 ppm (State 1-hour standard) 0 0 0
ppm = parts by volume per million of air.
µg/m3 = micrograms per cubic meter.

N/A = not available at this monitoring station.

Source: SCAQMD annual monitoring data at Central LA subregion (http://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-datastudies/historical-data-by-year) accessed March 25, 2025.

Existing Health Risk in the Surrounding Area. Based on the MATES-V model, the calculated cancer risk in the Project area (zip code 90058) is approximately 641 in a million.9 The cancer risk in this area is predominantly influenced by nearby sources of diesel particulate matter (e.g., diesel trucks and traffic on the Santa Monica Freeway 1.1 miles to the north, rail traffic on the Los Angeles Junction Railway (LAJ) junction 2,500 feet to the northwest). In general, the risk at the Project Site is higher than 97 percent of the population across the South Coast Air Basin.

The Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, on behalf of the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), provides a screening tool called CalEnviroScreen that can be used to help identify California communities disproportionately burdened by multiple sources of pollution. According to CalEnviroScreen, the Project Site (Census tract 6037532400) is located in the 98th percentile, which 9 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study in the South Coast Air Basin (MATES-V), MATES V Interactive Carcinogenicity Map, 2021, https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/79d3b6304912414bb21ebdde80100b23/page/home/?data_id=data Source_105-a5ba9580e3aa43508a793fac819a5a4d%3A26&views=view_39%2Cview_1, accessed March ...25, 2025.
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means the Project Site has an overall environmental pollution burden higher than at least 98 percent of other communities within California.10
Sensitive Receptors. Some land uses are considered more sensitive to changes in air quality than others, depending on the population groups and the activities involved. CARB has identified several groups that are most likely to be affected by air pollution: children less than 14 years of age, the elderly over 65 years of age, athletes, and people with cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases.

According to the SCAQMD, sensitive receptors include residences, schools, playgrounds, childcare centers, athletic facilities, long-term health care facilities, rehabilitation centers, convalescent centers, and retirement homes.

The Project Site is located in an industrial zone surrounded by manufacturing and industrial uses.

Sensitive receptors are distant, limited to the following representative sampling:
• Residences, along Furlong Place; 3,100 feet southwest of the Project Site. • Vernon City School; 3,400 feet southwest of the Project Site. • Residences, East 42nd Street; west of Alameda Street 4,400 feet southwest of the Project Site. • Residences, along East Olympic Boulevard; 4,800 feet northeast of the Project Site.

Existing Project Site Emissions. The Project Site was most recently occupied by a manufacturing and distribution center. For the purposes of this analysis, no “credit” was assigned to the prior use when considering air quality impacts of the Proposed Project.

Project Impacts
Methodology
The air quality analysis conducted for the Project is consistent with the methods described in the SCAQMD CEQA Air Quality Handbook (1993 edition), as well as the updates to the CEQA Air Quality Handbook, as provided on the SCAQMD website. The SCAQMD recommends the use of the California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod) as a tool for quantifying emissions of air pollutants that will be generated by constructing and operating development projects. The analyses focus on the potential emissions from operation of the Project. Methodologies used to evaluate these emissions are discussed below.

CalEEMod generates estimates of daily and annual emissions of air pollutants resulting from future operation of a project. Operational emissions are produced by mobile sources (vehicular travel) and stationary sources (e.g., utilities demand). Utilities for the Project Site are provided by the Vernon Municipal Light Department for electricity and Vernon Gas System for natural gas, where applicable.

CalEEMod has derived default emissions factors for electricity and natural gas use that are applied to the size and land use type of the Project. CalEEMod also estimates operational emissions associated with water use, wastewater generation, and solid waste disposal.

The CalEEMod software was used for the evaluation of Project emissions during operation. CalEEMod was used to calculate on-road fugitive dust, architectural coatings, landscape equipment, energy use, 10 Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment,
...https://oehha.ca.gov/calenviroscreen/report/calenviroscreen-40, accessed March 25, 2025. ...

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mobile source, and stationary source emissions.11 To determine if a significant air quality impact would occur, the net increase in regional and local operational emissions generated by the Project was compared against SCAQMD’s significance thresholds.12 Details describing the operational emissions of the Project can be found in in the Technical Appendix.

The SCAQMD recommends that air pollutant emissions be assessed for both regional scale and localized impacts. The regional emissions analysis includes both on-site and off-site sources of emissions, while the localized emissions analysis focuses only on sources of emissions that would be located on the Project Site.

Localized impacts were analyzed in accordance with the SCAQMD Localized Significance Threshold (LST) methodology.13 The localized effects from on-site portion of daily emissions were evaluated at sensitive receptor locations potentially impacted by the Project according to the SCAQMD’s LST methodology, which uses on-site mass emission look-up tables and Project-specific modeling, where appropriate.14 SCAQMD provides LSTs applicable to the following criteria pollutants: NOX, CO, PM10, and PM2.5. SCAQMD does not provide an LST for SO2 since land use development projects typically result in negligible long-term operation emissions of this pollutant. Since VOCs are not a criteria pollutant, there is no ambient standard or SCAQMD LST for VOCs. Due to the role VOCs play in O3 formation, it is classified as a precursor pollutant, and only a regional emissions threshold has been established.

LSTs represent the maximum emissions from a project that are not expected to cause or contribute to an exceedance of the most stringent applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard and are developed based on the ambient concentrations of that pollutant for each source receptor area and distance to the nearest sensitive receptor. The mass rate look-up tables were developed for each source receptor area and can be used to determine whether or not a project may generate significant adverse localized air quality impacts. SCAQMD provides LST mass rate look-up tables for projects that are less than or equal to five acres. Please refer to Threshold b below, for the analysis of localized impacts from operational activities. In accordance with SCAQMD guidance, maximum daily emissions of NOX, CO, PM10, and PM2.5 from on-site sources were compared to LST values for a one-acre site having sensitive receptors beyond 500 meters (1,640 feet).15 This is appropriate given the 1.08-acre site and the proximity of sensitive receptors as far as 3,100 feet from the Project Site. 11 Energy consumption estimates with CalEEMod 2022.1.1.29 are based on the California Energy Commission’s 2020 Residential Appliance Saturation Survey (residential uses) and 2021 Commercial Forecast database, both of which reflected the 2019 Title 24 energy efficiency standards. These energy consumption estimates were adjusted to reflect the 2022 Title 24 standards that cumulatively produce a 0.49 percent reduction in electricity use and 0.45 percent reduction in natural gas use when compared to the 2019 standards. 12 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Air Quality Significance Thresholds, revised March 2015.

SCAQMD based these thresholds, in part on the federal Clean Air Act and, to enable defining “significant” for CEQA purposes, defined the setting as the South Coast Air Basin. (See SCAQMD, CEQA Air Quality Handbook, April 1993, pp. 6-1-6-2).
13 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Final Localized Significance Methodology, revised July 2008. 14 South Coast Air Quality Management District, LST Methodology Appendix C-Mass Rate LST Look-Up Table, https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/localized-significance-thresholds/appendix-cmass-rate-lst-look-up-tables.pdf?sfvrsn=2, October 2009. 15 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Fact Sheet for Applying CalEEMod to Localized Significance Thresholds, https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/localized-significance- ...thresholds/caleemod-guidance.pdf, 2008.
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The Basin is divided into 38 SRAs, each with its own set of maximum allowable LST values for on-site emissions sources during operations based on locally monitored air quality. Maximum on-site emissions resulting from operations activities were quantified and assessed against the applicable LST values.

The significance criteria and analysis methodologies in the SCAQMD's CEQA Air Quality Handbook were used in evaluating impacts in the context of the CEQA significance criteria listed below. The SCAQMD LSTs for NO2, CO, and PM10 were initially published in June 2003 and revised in July 2008.16 The LSTs for PM2.5 were established in October 2006 and updated on October 21, 2009. 17 18 Table 3
presents the significance criteria for operational emissions.

Table 3
SCAQMD Emissions Thresholds
Criteria Pollutant Operation Emissions
Regional Localized /a/
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 55 --
Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) 55 168
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 550 7,911
Sulfur Oxides (SOX) 150 --
Respirable Particulates (PM10) 150 43
Fine Particulates (PM2.5) 55 25
/a/ Localized significance thresholds assumed a one-acre and 500-meter (1,640-foot) receptor distance in the Central LA source receptor area. The SCAQMD has not developed LST values for VOC or SOX.

Source: SCAQMD, South Coast AQMD Air Quality Significance Thresholds, 2023 Toxic Air Contaminants Impacts. Potential TAC impacts are evaluated by conducting a qualitative analysis consistent with the CARB Handbook followed by a more detailed analysis (i.e., dispersion modeling), as necessary. The qualitative analysis consists of reviewing the Project to identify any new or modified TAC emissions sources. If the qualitative evaluation does not rule out significant impacts from a new source, or modification of an existing TAC emissions source, a more detailed analysis is conducted.
16 Ibid. 17 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Final – Methodology to Calculate Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 and PM2.5 Significance Thresholds, https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/localizedsignificance-thresholds/particulate-matter-(pm)-2.5-significance-thresholds-and-calculationmethodology/final_pm2_5methodology.pdf, October 2006. 18 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology Appendix C – Mass Rate LST Look-Up Tables, https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/localized- ...significance-thresholds/appendix-c-mass-rate-lst-look-up-tables.pdf?sfvrsn=2, October 21, 2009. ...

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Thresholds of Significance
State CEQA Guidelines Appendix G
Would the Project:
a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan; b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard; c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations; or d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people?
City and SCAQMD Thresholds
For this analysis the Appendix G Thresholds are relied upon. The analysis utilizes factors and considerations recommended by the City of Vernon and SCAQMD Thresholds, as appropriate, to assist in answering the Appendix G Threshold questions.
(a) Operation
The City bases the determination of significance of operational air quality impacts on criteria set forth in the SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook.19 As discussed above, the City uses Appendix G as the thresholds of significance for this analysis. Accordingly, the following serve as quantitative air quality standards to be used to evaluate project impacts under the Appendix G thresholds. Under these thresholds, a significant threshold would occur when:
• Operational emissions exceed 10 tons per year of volatile organic gases or any of the following SCAQMD prescribed threshold levels: (1) 55 pounds a day for VOC;20 (2) 55 pounds per day for NOX; (3) 550 pounds per day for CO; (4) 150 pounds per day for SOX; (5) 150 pounds per day for PM10; and (6) 55 pounds per day for PM2.5.
21 • Maximum on-site daily localized emissions exceed the LST, resulting in predicted ambient concentrations in the vicinity of the Project Site greater than the most stringent ambient air quality standards for CO (20 parts per million (ppm) over a 1-hour period or 9.0 ppm averaged over an 8-hour period) and NO2 (0.18 ppm over a 1-hour period, 0.1 ppm over a 3-year average of the 98th percentile of the daily maximum 1-hour average, or 0.03 ppm averaged over an annual period).22
19 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Air Quality Significance Thresholds, revised March 2015. 20 For purposes of this analysis, emissions of VOC and reactive organic compounds (ROG) are used interchangeably since ROG represents approximately 99.9 percent of VOC emissions. 21 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Quality Significance Thresholds, www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/ceqa/handbook/scaqmd-air-quality-significance-thresholds.pdf, last updated March 2015. 22 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology, revised ...July 2008.
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• Maximum on-site localized operational PM10 and PM2.5 emissions exceed the incremental 24- hour threshold of 2.5 μg/m3 or 1.0 μg/m3 PM10 averaged over an annual period.23 • The Project causes or contributes to an exceedance of the California 1-hour or 8-hour CO standards of 20 or 9.0 ppm, respectively; or
• The Project creates an odor nuisance pursuant to SCAQMD Rule 402. (b) Toxic Air Contaminants
The City recommends that the determination of significance shall be made on a case-by-case basis, considering the following criteria to evaluate TACs:
• Would the project use, store, or process carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic toxic air contaminants which could result in airborne emissions?
In assessing impacts related to TACs in this section, the City uses Appendix G as the thresholds of significance. The criteria identified above will be used where applicable and relevant to assist in analyzing the Appendix G thresholds. In addition, the following criteria set forth in the SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook serve as quantitative air quality standards to be used to evaluate project impacts under Appendix G thresholds. Under these thresholds, a significant threshold would occur when:24 • The Project results in the exposure of sensitive receptors to carcinogenic or toxic air contaminants that exceed the maximum incremental cancer risk of 10 in one million or an acute or chronic hazard index of 1.0.25 For projects with a maximum incremental cancer risk between 1 in one million and 10 in one million, a project would result in a significant impact if the cancer burden exceeds 0.5 excess cancer cases.
(c) Consistency with Applicable Air Quality Plans
CEQA Guidelines Section 15125 requires an analysis of project consistency with applicable governmental plans and policies. This analysis is conducted to assess potential project impacts against Threshold (a) from the Appendix G thresholds. In accordance with the SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook, the following criteria are used to evaluate a project’s consistency with the AQMP:26 • Will the Project result in any of the following:
– An increase in the frequency or severity of existing air quality violations; – Cause or contribute to new air quality violations; or 23 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Final—Methodology to Calculate Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 and PM2.5 Significance Thresholds, October 2006.
24 South Coast Air Quality Management District, CEQA Air Quality Handbook, April 1993, Chapter 6 (Determining the Air Quality Significance of a Project) and Chapter 10 (Assessing Toxic Air Pollutants). 25 Hazard index is the ratio of a toxic air contaminant’s concentration divided by its Reference Concentration, or safe exposure level. If the hazard index exceeds one, people are exposed to levels of TACs that may pose noncancer health risks.
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– Delay timely attainment of air quality standards or the interim emission reductions specified in the AQMP?
• Will the Project exceed the assumptions utilized in preparing the AQMP? – Is the Project consistent with the population and employment growth projections upon which AQMP forecasted emission levels are based;
– Does the Project include air quality mitigation measures; or – To what extent is Project development consistent with the AQMP land use policies? The Project’s impacts with respect to these criteria are discussed to assess the consistency with the SCAQMD’s AQMP and SCAG regional plans and policies. In addition, the Project’s consistency with the City of Vernon General Plan Resources Element is discussed.

Analysis of Project Impacts
a. Would the Project conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? Less Than Significant Impact. The Project’s air quality emissions would not exceed any State or federal standards. Therefore, the Project would not increase the frequency or severity of an existing violation or cause or contribute to new violations for these pollutants. As the Project would not exceed any State and federal standards, the Project would also not delay timely attainment of air quality standards or interim emission reductions specified in the AQMP.

With respect to the determination of consistency with AQMP growth assumptions, the projections in the AQMP for achieving air quality goals are based on assumptions in SCAG’s 2020-2045 RTP/SCS regarding population, housing, and growth trends. 27 Determining whether a project exceeds the assumptions reflected in the AQMP involves the evaluation of three criteria: (1) consistency with applicable population, housing, and employment growth projections; (2) project mitigation measures; and (3) appropriate incorporation of AQMP land use planning strategies. The following discussion provides an analysis with respect to each of these three criteria. • Is the project consistent with the population, housing, and employment growth projections upon which AQMP forecasted emission levels are based?
A project is consistent with the AQMP, in part, if it is consistent with the population, housing, and employment assumptions that were used in the development of the AQMP. In the case of the 2022 AQMP, two sources of data form the basis for the projections of air pollutant emissions: the City of Vernon General Plan and SCAG’s RTP. The General Plan serves as a comprehensive, long-term plan for future development of the City.

The 2020-2045 RTP/SCS provides socioeconomic forecast projections of regional population growth.

The population, housing, and employment forecasts, which are adopted by SCAG’s Regional Council, are based on local plans and policies applicable to the specific area; these are used by SCAG in all 27 While SCAG adopted the 2024-2050 RTP/SCS on April 4, 2024, the region’s applicable air quality plan is the 2022 AQMP, which is based on the growth assumptions of the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS. Once the 2022 AQMP is updated with these growth forecasts, consistency with the projections in the applicable air quality plan for ...the region will be based on the 2024-2050 RTP/SCS.
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phases of implementation and review. The 2020-2045 RTP/SCS accommodates job growth from 43,300 in 2016 to 44,600 by 2045.

The City provided local growth forecasts that were incorporated into the regional projections. The Project Site is classified as Industrial in the General Plan Land Use Element and Industrial with a Truck and Freight Terminal overlay in the Zoning Ordinance, which permits compost facilities with a Conditional Use Permit. As such, the RTP/SCS’ assumptions about growth in the City accommodate the projected jobs on the Project Site. As a result, the Project would be consistent with the growth assumptions in the City’s General Plan. Because the AQMP accommodates growth forecasts from local General Plans, the emissions associated with this Project are accounted for and mitigated in the region’s air quality attainment plans. The air quality impacts of development on the Project Site are accommodated in the region’s emissions inventory for the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS and 2022 AQMP The Project would employ about 27 persons, including eleven office staff persons and sixteen shift workers. The Project’s job base would represent approximately 2.1 percent of the forecast job growth between 2016 and 2045 and be consistent with the local growth assumptions that formed the basis of the region’s AQMP. As a result, the Project would be consistent with the growth projections in the AQMP. • Does the project implement feasible air quality mitigation measures? As discussed below under Thresholds (b), (c), and (d), the Project would not result in any significant air quality impacts and therefore would not require mitigation. In addition, the Project would comply with all applicable regulatory standards as required by SCAQMD. Furthermore, with compliance with the regulatory requirements identified above, no significant air quality impacts would occur. As such, the proposed Project meets this AQMP consistency criterion. • To what extent is project development consistent with the land use policies set forth in the AQMP?
With regard to land use developments, the AQMP’s air quality policies focus on the reduction of vehicle trips and VMT. The Project would implement a number of land use policies of the City of Vernon, SCAQMD, and SCAG, as it would be designed and constructed to support and promote environmental sustainability. The Project represents an infill development within an urbanized area that would concentrate more jobs within a high quality transit area (HQTA). “Green” principles are incorporated throughout the Project to comply with the City of Vernon Green Building Code and CALGreen through energy conservation, water conservation, and waste reduction features.

The air quality plan applicable to the Project area is the 2022 AQMP, the current management plan for progression toward compliance with State and federal clean air requirements. The Project would be required to comply with all regulatory measures set forth by the SCAQMD. Implementation of the Project would not interfere with air pollution control measures listed in the 2022 AQMP. As noted earlier, the Project is consistent with the land use policies of the City that were reflected in the regional growth projections for the AQMP. As demonstrated in the following analysis, the Project would not result in significant emissions that would jeopardize regional or localized air quality standards.

City of Vernon Policies
The City’s General Plan Resources Element identifies five policies for advancing the City’s clean air goals. As illustrated in Table 4, the Project is a development project is not the subject of the General Plan ... Resources Element, which focuses on municipal actions that advance clean air objectives. ...

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Nevertheless, the Project would help reduce VOC emissions from methane and other greenhouse gases from landfilling of organic waste. Therefore, the Project would result in a less than significant impact related to consistency with the Resources Element.

Table 4
Project Consistency with City of Vernon General Plan Resources Element Policy Project Consistency
Policy R-2.1: Coordinate and cooperate with the
South Coast Air Quality Management District
and Southern California Association of
Governments in efforts to implement the regional
Air Quality Management Plan.

Not Applicable. This policy calls for the City to
implement plans and programs that help advance the
region’s clean air objectives and is not applicable to a development project. However, by reducing the
landfilling of organic waste, the Project would help
reduce fugitive VOC emissions from landfills.

Policy R-2.2: Encourage and facilitate the use
of public transportation to reduce emissions
associated with automobile use.

Not Applicable. This policy calls for the City to
implement plans and programs that help advance public
transportation and is not applicable to a development
project.

Policy R-2.3: Continue to expand the number of
City-owned alternative fuels vehicles, hybrid
vehicles, and other energy-efficient vehicles as
they may be available.

Not Applicable. This policy calls for the City to expand clean fuel vehicles within its municipal fleet and is not applicable to a development project.

Policy R-2.4: Maximize the amount of clean
electrical power produced while minimizing
emissions from power production plants.

Not Applicable. This policy calls for the City to advance clean electric power initiatives and is not applicable to a development project.

Policy R-2.5: Consult with the Gateway Cities
Council of Governments, regional planning
agencies, and surrounding municipalities to
coordinate land use, circulation, and
infrastructure improvement efforts.

Not Applicable. This policy calls for the City to
coordinate land use and transportation planning and
infrastructure planning and is not applicable to a
development project.

Source: DKA Planning, 2025.
b. Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard?
Less Than Significant Impact.

Operational emissions of criteria pollutants would come from area, compost, energy, and mobile sources. The following documents the Project’s potential emissions from each source:
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Area Sources. These include criteria pollutant emissions products such as cleaners, architectural coatings for routine maintenance, and landscaping equipment.28 Area sources would also include material handling from transfer of organic materials to the compost vessels. Assuming USEPA emission factors for material handling, the facility would generate about 5.3 lb/day of PM10 and 0.8 lb/day of PM2.5. These are conservative assumptions that assume uncontrolled conditions and do not account for best practices operational strategies, such as watering of dusty loads, handling of materials inside the enclosed facility, regular sweeping of the paved parking lot, and minimized truck idling times.

Compost Sources. This would include emissions from the compost facility, including fugitive emissions from the handling of organic waste and resulting compost, as well as the decomposition process involving the twenty enclosed vessels. Conventional compost operations are regulated by SCAQMD Rule 1133, which can reduce 80 percent or more of VOC emissions for piles with more than ten percent foodwaste content. However, the Proposed Project’s use of innovative technologies would potentially be regulated by the SCAQMD under Rule 441 as a research project. This would exempt the Project’s emissions from Regulation IV, which controls emissions of sulfur compounds, combustion contaminants, and other pollutants.

While emissions from proprietary technologies such as that to be employed by the Proposed Project are not known, this analysis uses conservative assumptions to estimate area source emissions. First, this analysis assumes that up to 15 tons of organic feedstock material would be processed per day.

Assuming an emission factor of 5.71 pounds of VOC per ton of mixed feedstock, the Project would generate about 85.7 pounds per day of VOC, though this would represent open air operations. Assuming a conservative 90 percent control efficiency for the use of a closed system (consistent with SCAQMD Rule 1133.3 best available control technology), regulated compost emissions would be about 8.6 lb/day of VOC.

Energy Sources. This would include electricity for powering about 25 pieces of electrical equipment, as summarized in Table 5. It would also include natural gas use for space cooling and heating and water heating. The CalEEMod model generates estimates of emissions from energy use based on the land use type and size. The Project would also produce long-term air quality impacts to the region primarily from motor vehicles that access the Project Site.

Table 5
On-Site Electrical Energy Sources
Equipment Type Quantity Description
Electric Forklifts 2 Used for material handling
Electric Composters 20
In-vessel units for processing organic waste and converting to compost
Electric Sweeper 1 Clean facility grounds
Electric Trommel Screener 2 Used for screening finished compost Source: Dyrt
28 In 2021, CARB adopted regulations requiring that all small (25 horsepower and below) spark-ignited off-road engines (e.g., lawn and gardening equipment) be zero emission starting in model year 2024. Standards for ...portable generators and large pressure washers are given until model year 2028 to be electric-powered. ...

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Mobile Sources. The Project could add approximately 80 vehicle trips to local roadways and the region’s air quality airshed on a weekday, including 54 light-duty vehicles (worker commute trips) and 26 mediumduty trucks for hauling in organic waste and trucking out finished compost.

As shown in Table 6, the Project’s emissions would not exceed the SCAQMD’s regional or localized significance thresholds. Therefore, the operational impacts of the Project on regional and localized air quality are considered less than significant.

Table 6
Daily Operations Emissions
Emissions Source
Daily Emissions (Pounds Per Day)
VOC NOX CO SOX PM10 PM2.5
Area Sources 0.9 <0.1 1.2 <0.1 5.3 0.8
Compost Sources 8.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
Energy Sources <0.1 0.3 0.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
Mobile Sources 0.2 0.3 4.3 <0.1 1.1 0.3
Regional Total 9.7 0.6 5.8 <0.1 6.4 1.1
Regional Significance Threshold 55 55 550 150 150 55
Exceed Threshold? No No No No No No
Net Localized Total 9.5 0.3 1.5 <0.1 5.3 0.8
Localized Significance Threshold N/A 168 7,911 N/A 43 25 Exceed Threshold? N/A No No N/A No No
LST analyses based on one-acre site with 500-meter distances to receptors in Central Los Angeles SRA
Source: DKA Planning, 2025 based on CalEEMod 2022.1.1.29 model runs (included in the Technical Appendix). Totals reflect the summer season maximum and may not add up due to rounding.
c. Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? Less Than Significant Impact. There are no sensitive receptors within 0.25 miles (1,320 feet) of the Project Site that could be exposed to air pollution from operation of the Project. Nevertheless, the following is a representative sampling of the nearest sensitive receptors:
• Residences, Furlong Place; 3,100 feet southwest of the Project Site. • Vernon City School; 3,400 feet southwest of the Project Site. • Residences, East 42nd Street; 4,500 feet west of the Project Site. • Residences, East Olympic Boulevard; 4,800 feet northeast of the Project Site.

The Project Site would be occupied by a compost processing facility, a land use that is not typically associated with TAC emissions. Typical sources of acutely and chronically hazardous TACs include industrial manufacturing processes (e.g., chrome plating, electrical manufacturing, petroleum refinery).

The Project would not include these types of potential industrial manufacturing process sources. It is expected that quantities of hazardous TACs generated on-site (e.g., cleaning solvents, paints, landscape pesticides) for the types of proposed land uses would be below thresholds warranting further study under California Accidental Release Program. ...
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When considering potential air quality impacts under CEQA, consideration is given to the location of sensitive receptors within close proximity of land uses that emit TACs. CARB has published and adopted the Air Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Community Health Perspective, which provides recommendations regarding the siting of new sensitive land uses near potential sources of air toxic emissions (e.g., freeways, distribution centers, rail yards, ports, refineries, chrome plating facilities, dry cleaners, and gasoline dispensing facilities).29 The SCAQMD adopted similar recommendations in its Guidance Document for Addressing Air Quality Issues in General Plans and Local Planning.30 Together, CARB and SCAQMD guidelines recommend siting distances for both the development of sensitive land uses in proximity to TAC sources and the addition of new TAC sources in proximity to existing sensitive land uses.

The primary sources of potential air toxics associated with Project operations include DPM from delivery trucks (e.g., truck traffic on local streets and idling on adjacent streets) and to a lesser extent, facility operations (e.g., natural gas fired boilers). However, these activities, and the land uses associated with the Project, are not considered land uses that generate substantial TAC emissions. It should be noted that the SCAQMD recommends that health risk assessments (HRAs) be conducted for substantial individual sources of DPM (e.g., truck stops and warehouse distribution facilities that generate more than 100 trucks per day or more than 40 trucks with operating transport refrigeration units) and has provided guidance for analyzing mobile source diesel emissions.31 Based on this guidance, the Project would not include these types of land uses and is not considered to be a substantial source of DPM warranting a refined HRA since daily truck trips to the Project Site would not exceed 100 trucks per day or more than 40 trucks with operating transport refrigeration units. In addition, CARB-mandated airborne toxic control measures (ATCM) limits diesel-fueled commercial vehicles (delivery trucks) to idle for no more than five minutes at any given time, which would further limit diesel particulate emissions.

As the Project would not contain substantial TAC sources and is consistent with the CARB and SCAQMD guidelines, the Project would not result in the exposure of off-site sensitive receptors to carcinogenic or toxic air contaminants that exceed the maximum incremental cancer risk of ten in one million or an acute or chronic hazard index of 1.0, and potential TAC impacts would be less than significant.

The Project would generate long-term emissions on-site from area and energy sources that would generate negligible pollutant concentrations of CO, NO2, PM2.5, or PM10 at nearby sensitive receptors.

While long-term operations of the Project would add traffic to local roads that produces off-site emissions, these would not result in exceedances of CO air quality standards at roadways in the area due to three key factors. First, CO hotspots are extremely rare and only occur in the presence of unusual atmospheric conditions and extremely cold conditions, neither of which applies to this Project area.

Second, auto-related emissions of CO continue to decline because of advances in fuel combustion technology in the vehicle fleet. Finally, the Project would not contribute to the levels of congestion that would be needed to produce emissions concentrations needed to trigger a CO hotspot, as it would add 80 vehicle trips to the local roadway network when the development could is operational. 29 California Air Resources Board, Air Quality and Land Use Handbook, a Community Health Perspective, April 2005.
30 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Guidance Document for Addressing Air Quality Issues in General Plans and Local Planning, May 6, 2005.
31 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Health Risk Assessment Guidance for Analyzing Cancer Risks ...from Mobile Source Diesel Idling Emissions for CEQA Air Quality Analysis, 2002. ...

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Finally, the Project would not result in any substantial emissions of TACs during the operations phase.

During long-term project operations, the Project does not include typical sources of acutely and chronically hazardous TACs such as industrial manufacturing processes and automotive repair facilities.

As a result, the Project would not create substantial concentrations of TACs.

In addition, the SCAQMD recommends that health risk assessments be conducted for substantial sources of diesel particulate emissions (e.g., truck stops and warehouse distribution facilities) and has provided guidance for analyzing mobile source diesel emissions.32 The Project would not generate a substantial number of truck trips. Based on the limited activity of TAC sources, the Project would not warrant the need for a health risk assessment associated with on-site activities. Therefore, the Project’s operational impacts on local sensitive receptors would be less than significant. d. Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people?
Less Than Significant Impact. Evaluation of odors requires a sensory evaluation of odors, including an understanding of the odor’s character, measurement of odor intensity, pervasiveness, and quantity.

Character is a description of what it smells like (e.g., rotten cabbage). Intensity is a measure of the perceived strength of an odor, determined by comparing a sample with a “standard” odor. Pervasiveness describes how noticeable an odorant is as its concentration changes or is diluted. Quantity is express in terms of how many dilutions it takes before an odor is no longer detectable.33 With the processing of organic materials, ammonia is a common pollutant found in freshly alkaline stabilized materials and during early phase composting that is pungent and irritating. When compared to reduced sulfur compounds, at least 100 to 1,000 times more ammonia is needed per unit volume of air for an average person to detect it.34 Another source of odors in such operations are organic sulfur compounds. Dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl sulfide have aromas akin to decayed cabbage and are associated with odorous emission from composting operations. Mercaptans are a class of organic compounds with garlic and onions aromas. Amines are compounds that can result from microbial decomposition that involves decarboxylation of amino acids. Trimethylamine have a fishy, pungent odor.

The Project would involve the transport and handling of organic materials, decomposition of such materials in vessels, and handling and transport of resulting compost material. Resulting odorous could result in nuisance for downwind receptors based on the strength of odors, wind speed, atmospheric stability, topography, and distance.

Strength of Odorous Emissions
Transport and handling of organic materials. As noted earlier in this analysis, up to 15 tons of organic material would be transported daily to the facility as feedstock. Material would be transported to the facility from the I-710 freeway via Bandini Boulevard in medium-duty trucks. Microbial activity in the organic waste can begin to decompose material, releasing VOCs and sulfur-containing gases such as 32 South Coast Air Quality Management District, Health Risk Assessment Guidance for Analyzing Cancer Risks from Mobile Source Diesel Emissions, December 2002.
33 SCAQMD has established a 10 dilutions threshold as the point at which odors are considered objectionable.

This threshold represents the point at which an odor is no longer detectable by fifty percent of a panel of human subjects after being diluted ten times.
34 USEPA. Guide to Field Storage of Biosolids. Odor Characterization, Assessment, and Sampling; ...https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/bio-appa.pdf
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hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Trucks that are properly sealed and avoid liquid leachate that drips onto roads can minimize odor impacts along the haul route. Odor impacts from transport of organic materials to the facility are not expected to be significant, as exposure would be minimal due to the travel speeds of trucks importing material. Further, the truck route from the I-710 on Bandini Boulevard is an exclusively industrial corridor with no sensitive receptors that would be exposed to transport-related odors.

As trucks unload material onto the tipping floor, previously enclosed gases would be released, which could continue anaerobic decomposition. Feedstock management best practices would limit any odor generation, including managing moisture and contaminant content. However, any fugitive VOC emissions and resulting odors would be brief before material is shredded and entered into compost vessels. Further, these handling operations would occur within the enclosed facility, where controls established by SCAQMD regulations would minimize release of VOC and odors. The building will be equipped with above door air curtains (air blowers), which help minimize odors when doors are opened.

This also acts as a barrier to prevent outside air, dust, fumes, insects, or odors from entering the facility.

Decomposition of materials in vessels. The facility would utilize fully enclosed in-vessel composters, which provide odor control compared to open-air composting methods. These vessels maintain optimal aerobic decomposition conditions, including use of automated sensors that adjust moisture content, airflow rates to maintain optimal oxygen levels, and temperature. This will reduce the production of odorous gasses such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. The composting process is controlled to prevent anaerobic conditions, which are a significant source of odors.

The facility would also employ best management practices required by CalRecycle to ensure operations minimize release of fugitive VOC emissions that can result in odor exposure. All organic materials would be processed within 48 hours of receipt, with putrescible wastes contained inside the enclosed vessels immediately after intake. This rapid containment ensures that the most odorous materials are not exposed to the air for extended periods, thereby minimizing the potential for odor emissions. All areas where organic materials are handled, especially loading and unloading zones, would be cleaned frequently to prevent the accumulation of odorous residues.

Whether the proposed facility is regulated under SCAQMD Rule 441, the project’s VOC emissions would be expected to utilize operational design and mitigation measures that are at least comparable to the requirements of SCAQMD Rule 1133. This regulation controls outdoor composting operations and mandates specific odor control measures that generally reduce VOC emissions by about 80 percent.

The use of closed system technology with materials handling inside an enclosed facility can reasonably be expected to reduce VOC emissions by 90 percent over uncontrolled conditions. This would reasonably reduce 90 percent of odor potential.

Handling and transport of compost. Finished compost material would be transported from the facility to the I-710 freeway via Bandini Boulevard in medium-duty trucks. Unlike the import of organic materials, finished compost is less odorous, with an earthy aroma that avoids any of the odors associated with decomposing organics. The truck route from the I-710 on Bandini Boulevard is an exclusively industrial corridor with no sensitive receptors that would be exposed to transport-related odors.

Wind Speed
Wind speed and direction can elevate odor detection toward residential areas with sensitive receptors.

As shown in the wind rose for the Project Site (Figure 1), prevailing winds come from the southwest/south-southwest direction, promoting transport to the northeast of the Project Site. However, ...
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the nearest sensitive receptors to the northeast (i.e., residences Olympic Boulevard) are approximately 4,800 feet northeast of the Project Site.

Figure 1
Wind Rose at Project Site
Atmospheric Stability
Atmospheric stability is a gauge of the vertical movement of air. Stable atmospheres, such as that in the Vernon community, are characterized by flat cloud layers where air does not move vertically. This prevents mixture and dilution of pollutants, such as haze or odors.

Topography
Trees, hills, and other obstructions can reduce odor dispersion by encouraging dilution or acting as physical barriers. In open, flat landscape would permit greater odor travel. The urbanized industrial land uses in Vernon include a number of buildings and obstructions that serve as barriers to odor transmission that can limit their ability to reach residential receptors that are more than 3,100 feet away.

Distance
The sheer distance of human sensitive receptors allows for dispersion and dilution of odors pollutants.

As noted earlier, the nearest sensitive receptors downwind from prevailing winds to the northeast (i.e., residences Olympic Boulevard) are approximately 4,800 feet northeast of the Project Site. Odorous compounds such as ammonia, volatile fatty acids, and sulfur-based gases typically dissipate significantly over this distance.
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Conclusion
The proposed compost facility is unlikely to lead to significant odors impacts and nuisance in large part because of the limited strength of potential odors from the transport, handling, and composting of materials. The handling of materials on-site in an enclosed facility will help control emission of odors outside the Project Site. The closed nature of the decomposition process combined with proper management of water, air, wind, and other salient variables will minimize the potential for chemical reactions that produce ammonia, volatile fatty acids, sulfur-based gases, and other VOC-based odorous pollutants.

Exposure of downwind sensitive receptors would be further mitigated by the relative atmospheric stability of the area, prevailing wind speed from the southwest/south-southwest, the distance (over 4,800 feet) of downwind sensitive receptors, and the presence of buildings and obstructions that would reduce odor dispersion over longer distances.

Ultimately, SCAQMD regulations would govern any nuisances (i.e., Rule 402, Nuisances) from any intermittent odors. As a result, any odor impacts from the Project would be considered less than significant.
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TECHNICAL APPENDIX
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FUTURE EMISSIONS
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2550 East 27th Street Detailed Report
Table of Contents

1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information

1.2. Land Use Types

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector

2. Emissions Summary

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

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4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated

5. Activity Data

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources
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5.9.1. Unmitigated

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.1.1. Unmitigated

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps
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5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated

6. Climate Risk Detailed Report

6.1. Climate Risk Summary

6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores

6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores

6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures

7. Health and Equity Details

7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores

7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores

7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores
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7.4. Health & Equity Measures

7.5. Evaluation Scorecard

7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures

8. User Changes to Default Data
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1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name 2550 East 27th Street
Operational Year 2025
Lead Agency City of Vernon
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 0.50
Precipitation (days) 18.4
Location 2550 E 27th St, Vernon, CA 90058, USA
County Los Angeles-South Coast
City Vernon
Air District South Coast AQMD
Air Basin South Coast
TAZ 4117
EDFZ 7
Electric Utility City of Vernon Municipal Light Department Gas Utility City of Vernon Gas System
App Version 2022.1.1.29

1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
General Light
Industry
... 28.0 1000sqft 1.08 28,000 0.00 — — —
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1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector No measures selected

2. Emissions Summary

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 1.12 0.59 5.78 0.01 0.03 1.12 1.15 0.03 0.28 0.32 Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 0.92 0.62 3.90 0.01 0.03 1.12 1.15 0.03 0.28 0.31 Average Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 1.05 0.63 4.92 0.01 0.03 1.11 1.14 0.03 0.28 0.31 Annual (Max) — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 0.19 0.12 0.90 < 0.005 0.01 0.20 0.21 0.01 0.05 0.06

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.23 0.26 4.29 0.01 0.01 1.12 1.13 0.01 0.28 0.29 Area 0.87 0.01 1.22 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 Energy 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02
Water — — — — — — — — — —
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Waste — — — — — — — — — —
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — —
Total 1.12 0.59 5.78 0.01 0.03 1.12 1.15 0.03 0.28 0.32 Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.23 0.30 3.63 0.01 0.01 1.12 1.13 0.01 0.28 0.29 Area 0.67 — — — — — — — — —
Energy 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02
Water — — — — — — — — — —
Waste — — — — — — — — — —
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — —
Total 0.92 0.62 3.90 0.01 0.03 1.12 1.15 0.03 0.28 0.31 Average Daily — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.23 0.30 3.82 0.01 0.01 1.11 1.11 0.01 0.28 0.29 Area 0.81 0.01 0.83 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 Energy 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02
Water — — — — — — — — — —
Waste — — — — — — — — — —
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — —
Total 1.05 0.63 4.92 0.01 0.03 1.11 1.14 0.03 0.28 0.31 Annual — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.04 0.06 0.70 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.20 0.20 < 0.005 0.05 0.05 Area 0.15 < 0.005 0.15 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 Energy < 0.005 0.06 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 Water — — — — — — — — — —
Waste — — — — — — — — — —
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — —
Total 0.19 0.12 0.90 < 0.005 0.01 0.20 0.21 0.01 0.05 0.06 ...
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4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated
Mobile source emissions results are presented in Sections 2.6. No further detailed breakdown of emissions is available.

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T ...
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Daily, Summer — — — — — — — — — —
(Max)
General Light
Industry

0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02
Total 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry

0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02
Total 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
< 0.005 0.06 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 Total < 0.005 0.06 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Consumer
Products

0.60 — — — — — — — — —
Architectural
Coatings

0.07 — — — — — — — — —
Landscape
Equipment

0.20 0.01 1.22 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 Total 0.87 0.01 1.22 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 Daily, Winter
(Max)
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Consumer 0.60 — — — — — — — — —
Products
Architectural
Coatings

0.07 — — — — — — — — —
Total 0.67 — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
Consumer
Products

0.11 — — — — — — — — —
Architectural
Coatings

0.01 — — — — — — — — —
Landscape
Equipment

0.02 < 0.005 0.15 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 Total 0.15 < 0.005 0.15 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — — — — —

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
General Light
Industry
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T ...
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Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipment Type ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetation ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land Use ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T Daily, Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — —
Sequestered — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — —
Removed — — — — — — — — — —
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Subtotal — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — —
Daily, Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — —
Sequestered — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — —
Removed — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — —
Sequestered — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — —
Removed — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — —

5. Activity Data

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Year VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Year Total all Land Uses 80.0 80.0 80.0 29,200 1,600 1,600 1,600 584,000 ... ...

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5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.1.1. Unmitigated

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings
Residential Interior Area Coated (sq
ft)
Residential Exterior Area Coated (sq
ft)
Non-Residential Interior Area Coated
(sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
0 0.00 42,000 14,000 —

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 250

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) General Light Industry 268,597 454 0.0330 0.0040 1,198,454

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) General Light Industry 6,475,000 0.00
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5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
General Light Industry 34.7 —

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced General Light Industry Other commercial A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 0.30 4.00 4.00 18.0

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated
Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number per Day Hours per Day Hours per Year Horsepower Load Factor

5.16.2. Process Boilers
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number Boiler Rating (MMBtu/hr) Daily Heat Input (MMBtu/day) Annual Heat Input (MMBtu/yr)

5.17. User Defined
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Equipment Type Fuel Type

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

6. Climate Risk Detailed Report

6.1. Climate Risk Summary
Cal-Adapt midcentury 2040–2059 average projections for four hazards are reported below for your project location. These are under Representation Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 which assumes GHG emissions will continue to rise strongly through 2050 and then plateau around 2100.

Climate Hazard Result for Project Location Unit
Temperature and Extreme Heat 9.52 annual days of extreme heat Extreme Precipitation 6.15 annual days with precipitation above 20 mm Sea Level Rise — meters of inundation depth
Wildfire 0.00 annual hectares burned
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Temperature and Extreme Heat data are for grid cell in which your project are located. The projection is based on the 98th historical percentile of daily maximum/minimum temperatures from observed historical data (32 climate model ensemble from Cal-Adapt, 2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.

Extreme Precipitation data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The threshold of 20 mm is equivalent to about ¾ an inch of rain, which would be light to moderate rainfall if received over a full day or heavy rain if received over a period of 2 to 4 hours. Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.

Sea Level Rise data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from Radke et al. (2017), as reported in Cal-Adapt (Radke et al., 2017, CEC-500-2017-008), and consider inundation location and depth for the San Francisco Bay, the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta and California coast resulting different increments of sea level rise coupled with extreme storm events. Users may select from four scenarios to view the range in potential inundation depth for the grid cell. The four scenarios are: No rise, 0.5 meter, 1.0 meter, 1.41 meters Wildfire data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from UC Davis, as reported in Cal-Adapt (2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5), and consider historical data of climate, vegetation, population density, and large (> 400 ha) fire history. Users may select from four model simulations to view the range in potential wildfire probabilities for the grid cell. The four simulations make different assumptions about expected rainfall and temperature are: Warmer/drier (HadGEM2-ES), Cooler/wetter (CNRM-CM5), Average conditions (CanESM2), Range of different rainfall and temperature possibilities (MIROC5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.

6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 0 0 0 N/A
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise 0 0 0 N/A
Wildfire 0 0 0 N/A
Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drought N/A N/A N/A N/A
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation 0 0 0 N/A
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure.

The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest ability to adapt.

The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores do not include implementation of climate risk reduction measures.

6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 1 1 1 2
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise 1 1 1 2
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Wildfire 1 1 1 2
Flooding N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drought N/A N/A N/A N/A
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation 1 1 1 2
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the greatest exposure.

The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores include implementation of climate risk reduction measures.

6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures

7. Health and Equity Details

7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores
The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state.

Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Exposure Indicators —
AQ-Ozone 47.4
AQ-PM 87.9
AQ-DPM 87.9
Drinking Water 48.3
Lead Risk Housing —
Pesticides 0.00
Toxic Releases 89.5
Traffic 56.3
Effect Indicators —
CleanUp Sites 98.7
Groundwater 81.5
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Haz Waste Facilities/Generators 99.4
Impaired Water Bodies 66.7
Solid Waste 89.0
Sensitive Population —
Asthma 94.9
Cardio-vascular 87.8
Low Birth Weights —
Socioeconomic Factor Indicators —
Education —
Housing —
Linguistic —
Poverty 1.06
Unemployment —

7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores
The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.

Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Economic —
Above Poverty —
Employed —
Median HI —
Education —
Bachelor's or higher —
High school enrollment —
Preschool enrollment —
Transportation —
Auto Access —
Active commuting —
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Social —
2-parent households —
Voting —
Neighborhood —
Alcohol availability —
Park access —
Retail density —
Supermarket access —
Tree canopy —
Housing —
Homeownership —
Housing habitability —
Low-inc homeowner severe housing cost burden —
Low-inc renter severe housing cost burden —
Uncrowded housing —
Health Outcomes —
Insured adults —
Arthritis 0.0
Asthma ER Admissions 8.8
High Blood Pressure 0.0
Cancer (excluding skin) 0.0
Asthma 0.0
Coronary Heart Disease 0.0
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 0.0
Diagnosed Diabetes 0.0
Life Expectancy at Birth 0.0
Cognitively Disabled 99.8
Physically Disabled 10.4
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Heart Attack ER Admissions 15.9
Mental Health Not Good 0.0
Chronic Kidney Disease 0.0
Obesity 0.0
Pedestrian Injuries 0.0
Physical Health Not Good 0.0
Stroke 0.0
Health Risk Behaviors —
Binge Drinking 0.0
Current Smoker 0.0
No Leisure Time for Physical Activity 0.0
Climate Change Exposures —
Wildfire Risk 0.0
SLR Inundation Area 0.0
Children 99.4
Elderly 14.8
English Speaking 0.0
Foreign-born 0.0
Outdoor Workers 98.2
Climate Change Adaptive Capacity —
Impervious Surface Cover 0.3
Traffic Density 0.0
Traffic Access 58.9
Other Indices —
Hardship 0.0
Other Decision Support —
2016 Voting ... 0.0
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7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores
Metric Result for Project Census Tract
CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Score for Project Location (a) —
Healthy Places Index Score for Project Location (b) —
Project Located in a Designated Disadvantaged Community (Senate Bill 535) Yes Project Located in a Low-Income Community (Assembly Bill 1550) Yes Project Located in a Community Air Protection Program Community (Assembly Bill 617) No a: The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state. b: The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.

7.4. Health & Equity Measures
No Health & Equity Measures selected.

7.5. Evaluation Scorecard
Health & Equity Evaluation Scorecard not completed.

7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures
No Health & Equity Custom Measures created.

8. User Changes to Default Data
Screen Justification
Land Use Project description. Assumes office use is ancillary to the industrial facility Operations: Fleet Mix Dyrt data
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Compost Facility Emissions Estimate
Variable Factor Unit
Feedstock 15 tons per day
VOC emission factor 5.7 pounds per ton per day
VOC emissions 85.7 pounds per day
Best Management Practice -90% Control efficiency for enclosed system, assuming Rule 1133.3 BACT Reduced VOC emissions 8.6 pounds per day
Compost Facility Material Handling Estimate
Variable Factor Unit
Feedstock 15 tons per day
PM10 emission factor 0.35 lb/ton of feedstock
PM2.5 emission factor 0.05 lb/ton of feedstock
PM10 emissions 5.25 lb/day
PM2.5 emissions 0.75 lb/day
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MATES V TOXIC EMISSIONS OVERVIEW
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Census Tract: 6037532400 (Population:
45)
The results for each indicator range from 0-100
and represent the percentile ranking of census
tract 6037532400 relative to other census tracts.

This tract is above the 95th percentile for
pollution in CalEnviroScreen, but has a low
population or the socioeconomic and/or health
data are unreliable.

Overall Percentiles
CalEnviroScreen 4.0
Percentile
Pollution Burden Percentile 98
Population Characteristics
Percentile
Exposures
Ozone 47
Particulate Matter 2.5 88
Diesel Particulate Matter 88
Toxic Releases 89
Traffic
Pesticides 0
Drinking Water
Lead from Housing
Environmental Effects
Cleanup Sites 99
Groundwater Threats 81
Hazardous Waste 99
Impaired Waters 67
Solid Waste 89
Sensitive Populations
Asthma
Low Birth Weight
Cardiovascular Disease
Socioeconomic Factors
Education
Linguistic Isolation
Poverty
Unemployment
Housing Burden
CalEnviroScreen 4.0 - October 2021
Legend
CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Results
>>> 9 900 – – 1 10000 ( (HHighigheesstt S Scocorreess)) >> 9 9 9000 – – – 1 1 1000000 ( ( (HHHigh igh igheeesssttt S S Scococorrreeesss))) >>>>> 8 8 8 8 800000 – – – – – 9 9 9 9 900000 >>>>> 7 7 7 7 700000 – – – – – 8 8 8 8 800000 >>>>> 6 6 6 6 600000 – – – – – 7 7 7 7 700000 >>>>> 5 5 5 5 500000 – – – – – 6 6 6 6 600000 >>>>> 4 4 4 4 400000 – – – – – 5 5 5 5 500000 >>>>> 3 3 3 3 300000 – – – – – 4 4 4 4 400000 >>>>> 2 2 2 2 200000 – – – – – 3 3 3 3 300000 >>>>> 1 1 1 1 100000 – – – – – 2 2 2 2 200000 000 – – 1 100 ( (LLoowweesstt S Scocorreess)) 00 – – – 1 1 1000 ( ( (LLLooowwweeesssttt S S Scococorrreeesss))) CalEnviroScreen 4.0 High Pollution, Low Population
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WIND ROSE
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Dryt Labs, Inc
2550 27th Street
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Item 22222 Page 111113333388888 of 111113333388888 ......Item 22222 Page 111113333388888 of 111113333388888 City Council Agenda Report
Meeting Date: August 18, 2026
From: Genoveva Rocha, City Clerk
Department: City Clerk
Submitted by: Sandra Dolson, Deputy City Clerk
Subject
Meeting Minutes
Recommendation
Approve the August 4, 2026 Regular City Council Meeting Minutes.

Background
Staff has prepared and submits the minutes for approval.

Strategic Plan Goals
Goal 1: Stregthen City Credibility and Partnerships
Fiscal Impact
There is no fiscal impact associated with this report.

Attachments

1. August 4, 2026 Regular City Council Meeting Minutes
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MINUTES

VERNON CITY COUNCIL

REGULAR MEETING
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
COUNCIL CHAMBER, 4305 S. SANTA FE AVENUE

CALL TO ORDER
Mayor Ybarra called the meeting to order at 9:00 a.m.

FLAG SALUTE
Mayor Ybarra led the Flag Salute.

ROLL CALL
PRESENT:

Melissa Ybarra, Mayor
Jesus Rivera, Mayor Pro Tem
Judith Merlo, Council Member
ABSENT:

Crystal Larios, Council Member
Monica Rodriguez, Council Member
STAFF PRESENT:

Brian Saeki, City Administrator
Zaynah Moussa-Milward, City Attorney
Genoveva Rocha, City Clerk
Alice Hui, Finance Director/City Treasurer
Veronica Petrosyan, Health and Environmental Control Director Su Tan, Director of Human Resources
Robert Sousa, Police Chief
Dan Wall, Public Works Director-City Engineer
Todd Dusenberry, Public Utilities General Manager
Diana Figueroa, Communications and Public Information Manager

APPROVAL OF THE AGENDA
MOTION
Mayor Pro Tem Rivera moved and Council Member Merlo seconded a motion to approve the agenda. The question was called and the motion carried 3-0, Council Members Larios and Rodriguez absent.

PUBLIC COMMENT
None.
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Regular City Council Meeting Minutes Page 2 of 6
August 4, 2026

PRESENTATIONS

1. Fiscal Year 2025-26 Vernon CommUNITY Fund Scholarship Grant Awards Recommendation: A. Receive and file the report on scholarship grants awarded by the Vernon CommUNITY Fund (VCF) Grant Committee for Fiscal Year (FY) 2025- 26; and
B. Recognize FY 2025-26 VCF Scholarship Grant Recipients for their outstanding academic performance, personal achievement, community involvement, and leadership.

Communications & Public Information Manager Figueroa presented the staff report.

Mayor Ybarra invited public comments. There being none, Mayor Ybarra called for a motion.

MOTION
Council Member Merlo moved and Mayor Pro Tem Rivera seconded a motion to approve recommendation A. The question was called and the motion carried 3-0, Council Members Larios and Rodriguez absent.

Mayor Ybarra announced that Communication and Public Information Manager Figueroa would continue with recommendation B and introduce the grant recipients. Mayor Ybarra then presented the grant recipients with certificates of recognition.

Mayor Ybarra suggested that the Vernon Community Fund Grant Committee consider awarding second-year scholarships to students. City Administrator Saeki informed the City Council that staff would return with an item to consider providing that direction to the committee.

PUBLIC HEARINGS

2. New Regulations for Vacant Property Registration
Recommendation: A. Conduct a Public Hearing;
B. Find that the proposed action is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3) and 15378, as an action for which there is no possibility that the ordinance will have any significant effect on the environment;
C. Introduce, read by title only, and waive further reading of Ordinance No. 1314 establishing Chapter 8.58 (Vacant Property Registration) of Title 8 (Health and Safety) of the Vernon Municipal Code pertaining to the mandatory registration and regulatory framework for vacant properties; and
D. Direct staff to schedule adoption for the August 18, 2026, City Council meeting.

Public Works Director Wall presented the staff report.
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Regular City Council Meeting Minutes Page 3 of 6
August 4, 2026
Mayor Ybarra opened the public hearing at 9:16 a.m. There being none, Mayor Ybarra closed the public hearing at 9:17a.m.

Mayor Ybarra invited further Council discussion. There being none, Mayor Ybarra called for a motion.

City Clerk Rocha read the title of the Ordinance into the record before the roll call vote was taken.

MOTION
Council Member Merlo moved and Mayor Pro Tem Rivera seconded a motion to approve recommendations A, B, C, and D. The question was called and the motion carried 3-0, Council Member Larios and Rodriguez absent.

CONSENT CALENDAR
Mayor Ybarra inquired if there were any changes to the Consent Calendar. City Clerk Rocha announced a correction to the July 21, 2026, meeting minutes, item No. 5 – Warrant Register recommendation. She informed the City Council that each member received a revised set of meeting minutes with the required revisions.

Mayor Ybarra invited public comments. There being none, Mayor Ybarra called for a motion to approve the consent calendar.

MOTION
Mayor Pro Tem Rivera moved and Council Member Merlo seconded a motion to approve the Consent Calendar with the recommended edits. The question was called and the motion carried 3-0, Council Members Larios and Rodriguez absent.

The Consent Calendar consisted of the following items:

3. Meeting Minutes
Recommendation: Approve the July 21, 2026 Regular City Council Meeting Minutes.

4. Claims Against the City
Recommendation: Receive and file the claim submitted by Lorenzo Rodriguez Luna.

5. Operating Account Warrant Register
Recommendation: Approve Operating Account Warrant Register No. 178, for the period of June 14, 2026 through July 4, 2026, totaling $14,167,830.82 and consisting of ratification of electronic payments totaling $13,791,033.00 and ratification of the issuance of early checks totaling $376,797.82.

6. Redevelopment Agency Obligation Retirement Account Warrant Register Recommendation: Approve Redevelopment Agency Obligation Retirement Account Warrant Register No. 74, for the period of October 19, 2025 through July 4, 2026 and consisting of ratification of electronic payments totaling $2,250. ...
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Regular City Council Meeting Minutes Page 4 of 6
August 4, 2026

7. Public Works Department Monthly Report
Recommendation: Receive and file the June 2026 Building Report.

8. Amendment No. 1 to Services Agreement with Actum-E, LLC Recommendation: A. Find that it is in the best interests of the City to extend the agreement with Actum-E, LLC without a competitive selection process, pursuant to Vernon Municipal Code Section 3.32.110(B)(2); and
B. Approve and authorize the City Administrator to execute Amendment No. 1 to the Services Agreement with Actum-E, LLC, in substantially the same form as submitted, extending the term of the agreement for six (6) months for a total amount of $38,625, to continue to provide government affairs services related to “The BIG 4” cities’ efforts, and bringing the contract total not-to-exceed amount to $83,625.

9. Quarterly Report of Cash and Investments
Recommendation: Receive and file the Second Quarter Cash and Investments Report

10. Professional Services Agreement with All City Management Services Inc. for Crossing Guard Services
Recommendation: Approve and authorize the City Administrator to execute a Professional Services Agreement with All City Management Services Inc. in substantially the same form as submitted, for crossing guard services, for a total amount not-to-exceed $179,675, for a three-year term.

11. Purchase Order with Merrimac Energy Group for Fuel Procurement Recommendation: Approve and authorize issuance of a Purchase Order with Merrimac Petroleum, Inc. dba Merrimac Energy Group in an amount not-to-exceed $750,000 to procure fuel for the Citywide fleet for Fiscal Year 2026-2027.

12. Purchase Order with Quinn Company CAT Retailer
Recommendation: A. Approve and authorize the issuance of a Purchase Order with Quinn Company CAT Retailer (Quinn CAT) for a new Towmaster T-12DT Trailer for a total amount not-to-exceed $20,175.24;
B. Authorize a contingency amount of ten percent (10%) or $2,017.52 for the trailer purchase in case of unforeseen fluctuations in price driven by inflation or supply chain issues; and
C. Authorize the City Administrator to facilitate the bidding and purchase of a comparable utility trailer for an amount not-to-exceed $22,192.76 (Quinn CAT price plus contingency amount) from an alternate source/dealership should Quinn CAT availability be impacted by inventory shortages.

13. Sewer System Management Plan Update
Recommendation: A. Find that the proposed action is exempt from the California Environmentally Quality Act (CEQA) in accordance with the common-sense exemption under CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3), because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment; and
B. Adopt Resolution No. 2026-036 approving and adopting the updated Sewer System Management Plan (SSMP) and authorizing the Legally Responsible Official to certify and submit the SSMP to the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB).
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Regular City Council Meeting Minutes Page 5 of 6
August 4, 2026

14. Report on Emergency Sewer Repairs for City Housing Approved by the City Administrator
Recommendation: Receive and file the report regarding emergency sewer main line repairs affecting City-owned housing completed by Quality Jet Rooter, Inc., as approved by the City Administrator pursuant to Vernon Municipal Code Section

3.32.250.

15. Fiscal Year 2026-27 Membership Dues for California Municipal Utilities Association
Recommendation: Approve and authorize the issuance of a payment to the California Municipal Utilities Association (CMUA) for the annual membership dues for fiscal year 2026-27 for a total amount not-to-exceed $116,572.

NEW BUSINESS

16. Participation in a Multiple Employer Other Post-Employment Benefits (OPEB)/Pension Section 115 Trust and Approval of Related Agreements with Global Retirement Partners, LLC d/b/a Shuster Advisory Group Recommendation:

A. Adopt Resolution No. 2026-037 Approving the Multiple Employer OPEB/Pension Section 115 Trust administered by Shuster Advisory Group, LLC, for the purpose of pre-funding the City’s pension and OPEB obligations; and authorizing the transfer of the City’s current OPEB trust from the California Employers’ Retiree Benefit Trust (CERBT) administered by CalPERS; and B. Approve and authorize the City Administrator to execute the Trust Adoption Agreement for participation in the Multiple Employer OPEB/Pension Section 115 Trust and the related Investment Advisor Agreement with Global Retirement Partners, LLC, d/b/a Shuster Advisory Group, a HUB International Company (SHUSTER) and the Trust Administrative Services Agreement with Shuster Advisory Group, LLC, in substantially the same form as submitted.

Finance Director Hui presented the staff report.

Mayor Ybarra invited public comments. There being none, Mayor Ybarra called for a motion.

MOTION
Council Member Merlo moved and Mayor Pro Tem Rivera seconded a motion to approve recommendation A and B. The question was called and the motion carried 3-0, Council Members Larios and Rodriguez absent.
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Regular City Council Meeting Minutes Page 6 of 6
August 4, 2026

ORAL REPORTS

17. City Administrator Reports on Activities and Other Announcements City Administrator Saeki announced National Night Out event taking place later in the evening on the City Hall lawn. He also provided details for the Southern California Air Quality Management District Hearing Board on August 5, 2026 regarding Lineage Logistics, and announced that the Vernon CommUNITY Fund is accepting nonprofit applications. Lastly, he spoke about the upcoming American Red Cross Blood Drive on August 13, 2026, and commented on the completion of the Southeast Community Foundation tutoring program.

18. Council Reports on Activities (including AB 1234), Announcements, or Directives to Staff
None.

CLOSED SESSION
At 9:23 a.m., Mayor Ybarra recessed the meeting to Closed Session

19. Conference with Legal Counsel – Existing Litigation Government Code Section 54956.9(d)(1)
Simon Perez Melchor v. City of Vernon, et al.

Los Angeles Superior Court Case No. 24NWCV01639

RECONVENE
At 9:47 a.m., Mayor Ybarra adjourned the Closed Session and reconvened the regular meeting.

CLOSED SESSION REPORT
City Attorney Moussa-Milward reported that the City Council met in Closed Session, discussed the item on the agenda, and took no reportable action.

ADJOURNMENT
Mayor Ybarra adjourned the meeting at 9:47 a.m.
_____________________________
MELISSA YBARRA, Mayor
ATTEST:
______________________________
GENOVEVA ROCHA, City Clerk
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City Council Agenda Report
Meeting Date: August 18, 2026
From: Genoveva Rocha, City Clerk
Department: City Clerk
Submitted by: Fernando Munoz, Deputy City Clerk
Subject
Claims Against the City
Recommendation
Receive and file the claim submitted by Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.

Background
The City received the following claim and pursuant to Municipal Code Section 2.32.040, the claim is being presented to the City Council as soon as filing of the claim is practical.

Name of Claimant Amount Demanded Date Received
LACMTA TBD July 27, 2026
Strategic Plan Goals
Goal 1: Strengthen City Credibility and Partnerships
Fiscal Impact
There is no fiscal impact associated with this report.

Attachments

1. LACMTA Claim
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CLAIM FOR DAMAGES

TO PERSON OR PROPERTY

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Claims for death, injury to person or to personal property must be filed not later than six (6) months after the occurrence. (Gov. Code Sec^ 91 12) 2. Claims for damages to real property must be filed not later than one (1) year after the occurrence. (Gov. Code Sec.91 1.2) 3. Read entire claim before filing. 4. See page 2 for diagram upon which to locate place of accident 5. This claim form must be signed on page 2 at bottom. 5. Attach separate sheets, if necessary, to give full details. SIGN EACH SH 7. Claim must be filed with City Clerk. (Gov.Code Sec. 915a) TO: CITY OF VERNON CITY N

LOS ANGELES COUNTY METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY me rESS
N/A
Business Address of laimant City and State Bu
One Gateway Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90012
Give address to
Robert T. Mackey

RESERVE FOR FILING STAMP
cLArM NoHMZ__ \r\ VHHNON
rtib i;;;'.; 5, 3h

CITY CLERK DEPARTMENT
n person
one
N/A
ness one Number
(800) 464-2111
e
ome
N/A
n an
which you, desrre notices or communications to be sent regarding this claim , Esq. rmackey@veatchfl rm.com ;sangulo@veatchfi rm.com VEATCH CARLSON, LLP., 1055 wlshire Boulevard, 11th Floor, Los Angetes, cA 90017 (213],404-1119
How. did DAI\4AGE lnrs ts a clarm lor eql or INJURY occur? Give full oarticulars. urtable rndemntty, contribution ahd declaratory relief. Plaintiff, Lucia Becerriltripped and fell on an exposed bolt in the sidewalk in front of 4840 Pacific Blvd, Vernon, cA. Plaintiff Becerrilsued the city of Vernon, County of LA, LACMTA, City of Huntington Park, LA Times Communications, LLC., Romero's Engineering, lnc., and Ameri can Turn-Key Fabricators alleging dangerous condition of public property. The lawsuit is captioned: Lucia Becerril v. City of Vernon, et al., LASC Case No. 26STCV16575. lnvestigation shows that LACMTA had no interest or role in the subject sidewalk which LACMTA is advised and believes was owned, maintained, repaired and the responsibility of the City of Vernon.

When did DAMAGE or INJURY occur? Give full particulars, date, time of day, etc.

On October 24,2025 at approximately 4:46p.m.

Wheredid oTINJURY occur? Describefully, and locateon diagrarn on reverse side of this sheet, where approximate, give street names and address and measurements from landmarks:

On the sidewalk in front of 4840 Pacific Blvd., Vernon, CA 90058.

What particularACT or OMISSION doyou clai
causing the injury or damage, if known:
mcausedthe injury ordamage? Givenamesof Cityemployees, if any, The City of Vernon owned, maintained, repaired, controlled and was responsible for the subject sidewalk and failed to remedy the alleged dangerous condition and/or failed to warn of it despite actual and/or constructive notice of the alleged condition a sufficient time prior to Plaintiffs alleged trip and fall to have done so. ldentities of City employees/vendors are unknown at this time.

What DAMAGE or I NJURIES do you claim resulted? Give full extent of injuries or damages claimed:
lndemnity and Contribution; LACMTA's attorney's fees and cost of defense for the lawsuit and any judgment/award.

WhatAMOUNTdo you claim of
computation:
each item of inj ury or damage as of date of presentation of th is claim, givin g basis of At this time, the amount cannot be determined until the case is over and depends on whether it was settled or tried Give ESTIMATEDAMOUNT
basisof computation.
as faras known you claim on account of each item of prospective injury ordamage, giving At this time, the amount cannot be determined until the case is over and depends on whether it was settled or tried ...
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Were you insured at the time of the incident? lf so, provide name of insurance company, policy numbers and amount of insurance payments received:

N/A; however, as for the subject incident, LACMTA is self-insured up to 12.5 million.

Expenditures made on account of accident or lnjury: (Date - ltem) TBD when the case is concluded.
(Amount)
Name and address of Witnesses, Doctors and Hospitals:

N/A as to LACMTA. Plaintiff Lucia Becerril can be contacted through her attorney of record Frank Perez, Esq., cio Perez & Perez, APC 1 150 S. Olive Street, Ste 600, Los Angeles, CA 90015 (213)745-6300

READCAREFULLY
For all accident claims place on following diagram names of streets, including North, East. South, and West: indicate place of accident by "X" and by showing house numbers or distances to street corners. lf City.Vehicle was lnv_olved, d.=eignate. by letter'A" location of City vehicle when you first saw it, and by "8" location of yourself or youi' vehicle when you first salv C_ity vehicle; location of City vehicle at time of accident by 'A-1 " and loc-ation of yourself 'or your
vehicle at the time of accident by"8 1" and the point of lmpact by "X." NOTE:lf diagrams do not fit the situation, attach hereto a proper diagram signed by claimant.

FOR AUTONTOBILE ACCIDENTS
7Affi
*T'BF
I declare under of
Typed/Printed Name:

Robert T. Mackey, Esq.

PACIFIC BOULEVARD
u that the
ndc ai
BOLT
includin attachm is true and correct.

Date
7t24t2026

OF A FALSE CLAIM IS A
Damages against the City of
4840 Pacific Blvd.
nl rm see
on his/her behalf, giving
relationship to Claimant:
gnature or person
PEN. CODE SEC. 72). CLAIMS MUST BE FILED WITH CITY CLERK (qovcoDF 9Eq: el,s?)r9T{IE LAW PRoVIDES rHAr lF YoU ARE NOr NorlFlED oF ANY .@"
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City Council Agenda Report
Meeting Date: August 18, 2026
From: Alice Hui, Director of Finance/City Treasurer
Department: Finance
Submitted by: Kathryne Magana, Accountant
Subject
Operating Account Warrant Register
Recommendation
Approve Operating Account Warrant Register No. 179, for the period of July 5, 2026 through July 18, 2026, totaling $11,453,786.13 and consisting of ratification of electronic payments totaling $11,193,017.07 and ratification of the issuance of early checks totaling $260,769.06.

Background
Vernon Municipal Code Section 2.32.060 indicates the City Treasurer, or an authorized designee, shall prepare warrants covering claims or demands against the City which are to be presented to City Council for its audit and approval. Pursuant to the aforementioned code section, the City Treasurer has prepared Operating Account Warrant Register No. 179 covering claims and demands presented during the period of July 5, 2026 through July 18, 2026, drawn, or to be drawn, from East West Bank for City Council approval.

Strategic Plan Goals
Goal 1: Strengthen City Credibility and Partnerships
Fiscal Impact
The fiscal impact of approving Operating Account Warrant Register No. 179, totals $11,453,786.13. The Finance Department has determined that sufficient funds to pay such claims/demands, are available in the respective accounts reference on Operating Account Warrant Register No. 179.

Attachments

1. Operating Account Warrant Register No. 179
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STAFF REPORT

FINANCE DEPARTMENT
DATE: August 5, 2026
TO: Honorable Mayor and City Council
FROM: Alice Hui, City Treasurer
RE: Operating Account Warrant Register for City Council Agenda of August 18, 2026

It is recommended that the attached Operating Account Warrant Register No. 179 be approved at the City Council meeting of August 18, 2026.

Operating Account Warrant Register No. 179 totals $11,453,786.13, and covers claims and demands presented for July 5, 2026, to July 18, 2026, drawn or to be drawn, from East West Bank.

The following list details the components of Operating Account Warrant Register No. 179:

1. Ratification of electronic payments totaling $11,193,017.07

2. Ratification of the issuance of early checks totaling $260,769.06 ...
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OPERATING ACCOUNT WARRANT REGISTER
City of Vernon
No. 179

I hereby Certify: that claims or demands covered by the This is to certify that the claims or demands above listed warrants have been audited as to accuracy covered by the above listed warrants have been and availability of funds for payments thereof; and that audited by the City Council of the City of Vernon said claims or demands are accurate and that funds are and that all of said warrants are approved for payavailable for payments thereof. ments except Warrant Numbers:

Alice Hui DATE
City Treasurer
DATE
Date:

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Vernon City CouncilAugust 18, 2026

Vernon City Council
August 18, 2026