Agenda — Covina City Council, December 6, 2022 (part 8 of 17)

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-62 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 b) Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the Project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin?
Less Than Significant Impact. Covina Irrigating Company (CIC) is the primary water provider for the City. CIC's water supply is obtained from the Main San Gabriel Groundwater Basin and from the San Gabriel River. The CIC extracts groundwater and treats surface water from the Main San Gabriel Basin and delivers treated potable water to the City (Covina, 2017).

The Project involves the redevelopment of existing facilities within an urban setting into a Public Storage facility. The new facility would not increase the use of groundwater supplies nor would it result in impeding groundwater recharge. Therefore, it is not anticipated that any use of groundwater supplies at the new facility would be substantially different than existing conditions.

As such, impacts would be less than significant. No mitigation is required. c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would:
i) result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site? Less Than Significant Impact. The Project would be constructed within a commercial property containing an existing building, comprising largely of impervious surfaces. There are no streams or rivers in the immediate vicinity of the Project Site. A segment of Charter Oak Creek, consisting of a barren flood control channel conveying nuisance flow and storm runoff, is located approximately 680 feet to the south of the Project Site with residential housing occupying the area between the Project Site and the Creek. Erosion and siltation could occur off-site from stormwater runoff due to excavation and stockpiling of soils on-site during construction. As described above, construction of facilities would be subject to provisions and conditions of applicable NPDES and SWPPP permits as well as BMPs and the Project would be designed to match existing drainage facilities.

Therefore, substantial erosion or siltation would not occur as a result of altering drainage patterns including streams and rivers or with the addition of impervious surfaces. As such, impacts would be less than significant. No mitigation is required.
ii) substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or offsite?
No Impact. The Project would replace one commercial facility with a new one. The Project is designed to convey 25-year peak runoff from the Project Site, and reduces the peak flowrate by approximately 12.1 percent (DRC Engineering, 2021). The proposed drainage pattern matches the existing drainage pattern that conveys stormwater to public storm drain facilities. In conclusion, the proposed condition improves upon the existing condition while maintaining existing drainage patterns. As such, no impact would occur.

Page 449 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-63 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 iii) create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff?
No Impact. Refer to Section c(ii) above.
iv) impede or redirect flood flows?
Less Than Significant Impact. Refer to Section c) above. d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to Project inundation?
Less Than Significant Impact. The City, except for the area around Walnut Creek in Covina Hills, has not experienced major flooding problems in recent years due to the development of adequate flood control infrastructure. The City does not contain any Special Flood Hazard Areas, and is not located in a tsunami zone due to its distance from the Pacific Ocean.

However, due to presence of the upstream Puddingstone Reservoir and Dam complex, and because the City lies in a seismically active region, the City could be susceptible to seiches, which could cause major flooding due to inadequate stormwater catchment and conveyance facilities (Covina, 2000).

As described throughout this section, the City would incorporate design features in the Project to match the existing facilities to adequate capture and convey the stormwater runoff. As such, impacts would be less than significant. No mitigation is required. e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan?
Less Than Significant Impact. Refer to Sections a) and b) above.

References
LARWQCB, 2014. Los Angeles County Regional Water Quality Control Board (LARWQCB) Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) 2014.
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/water_issues/programs/basin_plan/2020/Chapt er_1/Chapter_1.pdf. Accessed April 2022.

Covina, 2020. City of Covina 2020 Urban Water Management Plan. May 2021.

Covina, 2022. City of Covina General plan, Safety Element, 2000. https://covinaca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/planning_commission/page/1073/saf ety_element.pdf. Accessed April 2022.

Covina, 2022. Stormwater Pollution Prevention. 2022.
https://covinaca.gov/publicworks/page/stormwater-pollution-prevention. Accessed April 2022.

Page 450 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-64 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 DRC Engineering, 2021. Preliminary Hydrology Study for Public Storage.

Page 451 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-65 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Land Use and Planning
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XI. LAND USE AND PLANNING — Would the project:
a) Physically divide an established community? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Cause a significant environmental impact due to a
conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation
adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an
environmental effect?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
Discussion
Would the Project:
a) Physically divide an established community?
Less than Significant Impact. The Project Site is located within a highly urbanized area of the City predominately developed with residential, commercial, and school uses. The Project Site is currently developed with an approximately 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building occupied by “TT Electronics Power Solutions” which is used for electronics manufacturing. The remainder of the Project Site consists of asphalt-paved surface parking lots and ornamental landscaped areas.

The Project would include demolition of the existing 2-story commercial building and the existing pavement and base materials in the parking lot. The Project consists of the development of a 141,984 SF 3-story public self-storage building. Project features would include a partial basement, a rental office, a temporary monopole cell tower, associated secured surface parking areas, pedestrian walkways, and landscaping. Compared to the existing and surrounding land uses, including single-family residences, commercial uses, industrial uses, and school uses, the land use density on the Project Site would be consistent with the current land use patterns within the City. Infill development would not create physical divisions within the established community. Further, it is expected that the majority of construction activities of the Project would be confined on-site and within the boundaries of the Project Site. All construction equipment would be stored in active grading areas and/or the proposed staging areas within the Project Site.

Therefore, Project implementation would not physically divide an established community. As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard. No mitigation is required. b) Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect?
Less than Significant Impact. The Project consists of the development of a 141,984 SF 3-story public self-storage building (up to 30 feet and 7 inches in height) within a 2.70-acre site. The issuance of a SPR 21-160 for site development would be required. The existing zoning designation for the Project Site is M-1 (Light Manufacturing) which would require the issuance of CUP 21-29 for the proposed use of self-storage to be allowed. The existing general plan designation for the Project Site is General Industrial (GI). Permitted uses in the General Industrial (GI) land use designation include, but are not limited to, very limited retail functions, self-storage

Page 452 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-66 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 outlets, and parking lots. Further, implementation of the Project would require Ordinance No.

XXXXX for Development Agreement (DA) 22-001, approving and adopting a DA between Public Storage, Inc. and the City of Covina related to the proposed Public Storage facility and the conveyance of $315,000 for City-wide infrastructure improvements. The proposed SPR 21-160, CUP 21-29, and DA 22-001 would not reduce or eliminate any environmentally protective regulations in the City’s Zoning Ordinance or General Plan. Compared to the existing and surrounding land uses, including single-family residences, commercial uses, industrial uses, and school uses, the land use density on the Project Site would be consistent with the current land use patterns within the City. Upon approval of the Project and issuance of the SPR 21-160, CUP 21- 29, and DA 22-001, the proposed Public Storage facility would be consistent with applicable land use plans, policies and regulations. For these reasons, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard. No mitigation is required.

References
City of Covina, 2000. Covina General Plan Land Use Element. Prepared by Covina Community Development Department Planning Division Staff, approved by Planning Commission on March 14, 2000 and approved by City Council on April 18, 2000.

Page 453 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-67 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Mineral Resources
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XII. MINERAL RESOURCES — Would the project:
a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the
residents of the state?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local
general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Discussion
Would the Project:
a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state?
b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan? No Impact (a-b). According to the City’s General Plan Natural Resources and Open Space Element, there are currently no extractable mineral resources due to long-term urbanization (Covina, 2000). Further, the City’s Zoning Code prohibits the extraction or production of aggregate mineral resources. In addition, the State Division of Oil and Gas has indicated that there are no significant energy-producing minerals or oil, gas, or geothermal fields within the City (DOC, 2010). Further, the Project Site is located in a highly urbanized area of the City and is currently developed with a 2-story building used for electronics manufacturing, asphalt-paved parking lots, and ornamental landscaped areas. Therefore, the potential for the loss of a known mineral or locally important mineral resource is low. As such, no impact would occur in this regard. No mitigation is required.

References
DOC, 2010. California Department of Conservation, San Gabriel Valley P-C Region Showing MRZ-2 (Mineral Resource Zone) Areas and Active Mine Operations. 2010.

Covina. 2000. City of Covina’s General Plan, Natural Resources and Open Space Element, page D-9. Adopted April 18, 2000.

Page 454 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-68 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Noise
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XIII. NOISE — Would the project result in:
a) Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent
increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable
standards of other agencies?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
b) Generation of excessive groundborne vibration or
groundborne noise levels?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a
plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a
public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area
to excessive noise levels?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Discussion
Some land uses are considered more sensitive to ambient noise levels than others are, due to the amount of noise exposure (in terms of both exposure duration and insulation from noise) and the types of activities typically involved. Residential areas are considered to be the most sensitive type of land use to noise and industrial/commercial areas are considered to be the least sensitive.

Existing land uses on the Project Site and in the immediate vicinity include:
• On-site: an approximately 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building occupied by “TT Electronics Power Solutions” which is used for electronics manufacturing. • To the north: East Cypress Street, single-family residences, and Charter Oak High School. • To the east: Commercial uses (Ultra High End Audio, Sunny Components Inc., Grey Wash Gallery Tattoo, Cypress Animal Hospital) with residential uses beyond. • To the south: Southern Pacific Railroad and single-family residences. • To the west: Covina Auto Repair & Smog Services, HG Covina Market, Senor Baja Mexican Food, Domino’s Pizza, El Fino Mexican Food, Fire Bird Liquor Store, and Glendora Avenue.

The Project Site is located between the Metrolink Pomona–North Station and the Covina Station.

Based on the Metrolink train schedule (as of April 20224), there are 17 trains traveling from the Pomona–North Station to the Covina Station and 17 trains traveling from the Covina Station to the Pomona–North Station. These trains would take less than one minute every time they pass by the Project Site. Combining the 34 train trips past the Project Site would constitute approximately 34 minutes each day that a Metrolink train contributes to noise at the Project Site. Given this relatively short duration in a day, the Metrolink trains would not provide much masking effect for other longer-lasting noise-generating activities in the Project area, such as vehicular traffic on 4 Metrolink, Schedules, From/To Pomona–North and To/From Covina, Monday-Friday, https://metrolinktrains.com/schedules/?type=station&originId=185&destinationId=107&weekend=0. Accessed April 2022.

Page 455 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-69 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Project Site area roadways such as East Cypress Street and Glendora Avenue. Therefore, the predominant existing noise source on the Project Site and surrounding areas is traffic noise from East Cypress Street, Glendora Avenue and other local streets.

On January 11, 2022, short-term (15-minute duration) daytime ambient noise measurements were conducted at locations shown in Figure XIII-1, Onsite Noise Monitoring Locations and Figure XIII-2, Offsite Noise Modeling Locations, that represent the ambient noise environment at or in the vicinity of the Project Site at nearby noise sensitive receptor locations. A summary of noise measurements is provided in Table XIII-1, Summary of Ambient Noise Measurements, and details are included in Appendix G, of this Draft IS/MND. Average noise levels range from

57.2 decibels (dB) using the A-weighted sound pressure level (dBA) to 66.4 dBA Leq. The representative ambient noise locations (R1 through R4) are described as follows:
• Measurement Location R1: Existing residences to the north of the Project Site, on the north side of East Cypress Street.
• Measurement Location R2: Existing residences to the south of the Project Site, on the south side of the railroad tracks.
• Measurement Location R3: Existing residences to the east and southeast of the Project Site, on the south side of the railroad tracks.
• Measurement Location R4: Existing noise environment near Charter Oak High School (near the baseball field, soccer field, and tennis courts) to the northeast of the Project Site, on the north side of East Cypress Street.

TABLE XIII-1

SUMMARY OF AMBIENT NOISE MEASUREMENTS
Measurement Location and Description of Sensitive Receptors Duration Average Leq R1, Residences North of Project Site 15 minutes 57.4
R2, Residences South of Project Site 15 minutes 66.4
R3, Residences East and Southeast of Project Site 15 minutes 65.8 R4, Near Charter Oak High School (near the baseball field, soccer field, and tennis courts) Northeast of Project Site
15 minutes 57.2
NOTE:

The ambient noise measurements were conducted using the Larson-Davis 820 Precision Integrated Sound Level Meter, which is a Type 1 standard instrument as defined in the American National Standard Institute S1.4. All instruments were calibrated and operated according to the applicable manufacturer specifications. The microphone was placed at a height of 5 feet above the local grade at the following locations.

SOURCE: ESA 2022.

Page 456 of 1828 ends

Southern Pacific RR
Southern Pacific RR
N
Langham Ave
N Glendora Ave
E Cypress St
Southern Pacific RR
E Haller St
N Rimh
urst
Ave
A
R2
Path: U:\GIS\GIS\Projects\2021xxx\D202100759_01_Covina_MUOD\03_MXDs_Projects\NoiseMonitoringLocations.aprx, RTeitel 5/5/2022 N
SOURCE: Mapbox, 2021 City of Covina Public Storage Project Figure XIII-1
Onsite Noise Monitoring Location
0 150
Feet
Project Site
A Noise Measurement Location

Page 457 of 1828 ends

Southern Pacific RR
Southern Pacific RR
N
Langham Ave
N Glendora Ave
E Cypress St
Southern Pacific RR
E Haller St
N Rimh
urst
Ave
A
A
A
R1
R3
R4
Path: U:\GIS\GIS\Projects\2021xxx\D202100759_01_Covina_MUOD\03_MXDs_Projects\NoiseMonitoringLocations.aprx, RTeitel 5/5/2022 N
SOURCE: Mapbox, 2021 City of Covina Public Storage Project Figure XIII-2
Offsite Noise Monitoring Locations
0 150
Feet
Project Site
A Noise Measurement Location

Page 458 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-72 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Occupation Noise Exposure Hearing Conservation Amendment (Federal Register 48 [46], 9738-9785, 1983) stipulate that protection against the effects of noise exposure shall be provided for employees when sound levels exceed 90 dBA over an 8-hour exposure period. Protection shall consist of feasible administrative or engineering controls. If such controls fail to reduce sound levels to within acceptable levels, personal protective equipment shall be provided and used to reduce exposure of the employee. Additionally, a Hearing Conservation Program must be instituted by the employers whenever employee noise exposure equals or exceeds the action level of an 8-hour time-weighted average sound level of 85 dBA. The Hearing Conservation Program requirements consist of periodic area and personal noise monitoring, performance and evaluation of audiograms, provision of hearing protection, annual employee training, and record keeping.

CCR Title 24 establishes the CBC. The most recent building standard adopted by the legislature and used throughout the state is the 2019 version, which took effect on January 1, 2020. The State of California’s noise insulation standards are codified in the CBC (Title 24, Part 2, Chapter 12).

These noise standards are for new construction in California for the purposes of interior compatibility with exterior noise sources. The regulations specify that acoustical studies must be prepared when noise-sensitive structures, such as residences, schools, or hospitals, are near major transportation noises, and where such noise sources create an exterior noise level of 60 dBA Community Noise Level Equivalent (CNEL), or higher. Acoustical studies that accompany building plans must demonstrate that the structure has been designed to limit interior noise in habitable rooms to acceptable noise levels. For new residential buildings, schools, and hospitals, the CCR Title 24, Part 2, Chapter 12 acceptable interior noise limit for new construction is 45 dBA CNEL.

The California Government Code Section 65302(f) requires that a noise element be included in the General Plan of each county and city in the State. The City’s General Plan Noise Element sets the goals and policy direction for the management of noise in the unincorporated areas. Chapter IV of the City’s General Plan Noise Element states that “the goal is: An environment in which potential adverse impacts of noise on the City’s residents and workers are identified and prevented and mitigated.” Among the Policy Areas in the Noise Element, the following are relevant to the Project:

Policy Area 1 (Transportation Noise Sources). The City shall:

1. Examine the noise environment of proposed residential or other noise-sensitive uses located within all 60 Ldn noise contours to ensure compatibility and, pertaining to residential activities, adherence to applicable State noise insulation standards.

2. Attempt to mitigate or eliminate the possible noise problems of proposed residential or other noise-sensitive uses located within all 65 Ldn noise contours to ensure compatibility and, pertaining to residential activities, adherence to applicable State noise insulation standards.

Page 459 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-73 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022

3. Consider “noise-sensitive uses” to include, but not be limited to, all residential housing types, public and private primary and secondary schools, libraries, parks/recreation areas, hospitals/medical facilities, nursing homes, and churches.

4. Consider establishing acceptable limits of noise levels for various land uses throughout the community, in accordance with State guidelines, as a means of determining noisecompatible land uses.

5. Ensure the inclusion of noise-mitigation measures and features in the design, orientation, and routing of new and improved streets and circulation and transportation facilities, where necessary and consistent with funding capability.

6. Require noise-reduction techniques and features in site planning, architectural design, project landscaping, building materials, and/or construction, where necessary or required by law.

14. Require that new or expanded developments minimize the noise impacts of trips that they generate on residential neighborhoods by controlling the location of driveways and parking.

Policy Area 2 (Commercial and Industrial Noise Sources). The City shall:

1. Consider establishing acceptable limits of noise levels for various land uses throughout the community, in accordance with State guidelines, as a means of determining noisecompatible land uses.

2. Discourage the location of noise-sensitive land uses in noisy environments.

4. Require noise-reduction techniques and features in site planning, architectural design, project landscaping, building materials, and/or construction, where necessary or required by law.

5. Require that parking lots and structures and loading areas be designed to minimize onsite noise impacts and off-site incursions by calling for the use of appropriate walls, buffers, and materials and by insisting upon the configuration of on-site or interior spaces that minimize sound amplification and transmission.

Policy Area 4 (Construction Noise Sources and General Matters). The City shall:

1. Continue implementing the Covina Noise Ordinance to regulate the hours of operation and excessive noise associated with on-site construction activities, particularly activities occurring in or near residential uses, permitting exceptions only under special circumstances.

Page 460 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-74 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022

2. Where necessary, require the construction of barriers to shield noise-sensitive uses from intrusive, construction-related noise.

3. Require that construction activities incorporate feasible and practical techniques, measures, and procedures that minimize the noise impacts on all adjacent uses.

4. Consider requiring sound attenuation devices on construction equipment to reduce noises associated with building activities.

11. Maintain a coordinated, cooperative, and inter-departmental approach in handling various noise-related issues and problems.

12. Endeavor to promote the importance of the General Plan and its implementation to the public, businesses, developers, Covina employees, and other interested parties through appropriate channels.

The City’s Noise Ordinance, contained in the City’s Municipal Code, Division IV. Offenses Against Public Peace, Chapter 9.40 Noise, identifies exterior noise standards for any source of sound at any location within the City, and specific noise restrictions, exemptions, and variances for exterior noise sources. Several of the ordinance requirements are applicable to aspects of the Project and are discussed below.

The City’s maximum exterior noise standards set forth in the City’s Municipal Code Chapter

9.40, Section 9.40.040 are provided in Table XIII-2, City of Covina Sound Level Limit.

TABLE XIII-2

CITY OF COVINA SOUND LEVEL LIMIT
Noise
Zone Receiving Land Use Category
Daytime Hours
(7 a.m. to 10 p.m.)
dBA
Nighttime Hours
(10 p.m. to 7 a.m.)
dBA
I Residential: estate or agricultural 50 40
II Residential: low density 55 45
III Residential: medium and high density 60 50
IV Commercial 65 55
V Industrial 70 60
SOURCE: City’s Municipal Code, Chapter 9.40, Section 9.40.040.

For medium and high density residential-zoned areas, the sound level limit is 60 dBA during the daytime and 50 dBA during the nighttime. For commercial-zoned areas, the sound level limit is 65 dBA during the daytime and 55 dBA during the nighttime. The following standards are used to evaluate compliance:
• Standard No. 1: Exterior noise cannot exceed levels set forth in Table XIII-2 for a cumulative period of more than 30 minutes in any hour.

Page 461 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-75 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 • Standard No. 2: Exterior noise cannot exceed levels set forth in Table XIII-2 plus 5 dBA for a cumulative period of more than 15 minutes in any hour.
• Standard No. 3: Exterior noise cannot exceed levels set forth in Table XIII-2 plus 10 dBA for a cumulative period of more than 5 minutes in any hour. • Standard No. 4: Exterior noise cannot exceed levels set forth in Table XIII-2 plus 15 dBA for a cumulative period of more than one minute in any hour. • Standard No. 5: Exterior noise cannot exceed levels set forth in Table XIII-2 plus 20 dBA at any time.

If the measurement location is on a boundary between a commercial or industrial land use category and a residential category, the noise level limit of the lower category plus five decibels shall apply.

The City’s Municipal Code Chapter 9.40, Section 9.40.110 Construction, established regulations for construction activity within the City.

A. It is unlawful for any person within any residential land use category or within a radius of 500 feet therefrom to operate equipment or perform any outside construction or repair work on any building, structure, or project; or to operate any pile driver, steam shovel, pneumatic hammer, electric saw, grinder, steam or electric hoist, or other construction-type equipment or device between the hours of 8:00 p.m. of any one day and 7:00 a.m. of the next day, at any time on any Sunday or at any time on any public holiday in such a manner that a reasonable person of normal sensitivity residing in the area is caused discomfort or annoyance, unless beforehand a permit therefor has been duly obtained in accordance with the provisions of subsection (B) of this section. No permit shall be required to perform emergency work.
“Public holiday” as used in this subsection shall mean the day upon which each of the following holidays is recognized and celebrated as a holiday by the employees of the city:

Independence Day, Labor Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, New Year’s Eve, New Year’s Day, Washington’s Birthday, Memorial Day, or any other holiday recognized as such by the city.

B. A permit may be issued authorizing the work prohibited by this section whenever it is found that the public interest will be served thereby. An application for such a permit shall be in writing and shall be accompanied by an application fee in an amount that may be set from time to time by a resolution of the city council. The application shall set forth in detail facts showing that the public interest will be served by the issuance of such permit, and the application shall be made to the planning division of the community development department. The chief planning official shall be responsible for the administration and enforcement of the provisions of this section and shall have the authority to issue such permits. He/she shall coordinate the processing of each application for a permit with such departments and divisions as he/she deems will be affected by the issuance of the permit. (Ord. 09-1975 § 1, 2009; Ord. 1665 § 2, 1988.) The City has not adopted a vibration criteria limit. Guidelines recommended by the FTA on structural damage and human annoyance are used to evaluate groundborne vibration impacts.

Page 462 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-76 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Consistent with the City’s Municipal Code and construction industry best management practices, the following Project Design Features measures apply to the Project and will help to reduce Project noise levels:

PDF N-1: Control of Construction Hours. Construction activities occurring as part of the Project shall be subject to the limitations which states that construction activities may occur between 7:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Mondays through Saturdays. No construction activities shall be permitted outside of these hours or on Sundays and federal holidays unless a temporary waiver is granted by the City.

PDF N-2: Construction Best Management Practices. Prior to issuance of grading permits, the City/Project Applicant shall incorporate the following measures as a note on the grading plan cover sheet to ensure that the greatest distance between noise sources and sensitive receptors during construction activities have been achieved.
• Construction equipment, fixed or mobile, shall be equipped with properly operating and maintained noise mufflers consistent with manufacturers’ standards.
• Construction staging areas shall be located away from off-site sensitive uses during Project construction.
• The Project Contractor(s) shall place all stationary construction equipment so that emitted noise is directed away from sensitive receptors nearest the Project Site, whenever feasible.

Impacts Analysis
Would the Project result in:
a) Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the Project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated.

Project Construction Noise
This section includes an overview of the typical methods, equipment, and work force that would be used for construction of the Project. On-site construction noise impacts were evaluated by determining the noise levels expected to be generated by the different types of construction activities anticipated, calculating the construction-related noise levels produced by the construction equipment at sensitive receptor locations.

Project grading would require approximately 8,000 cubic yards (CY) of export. Unless otherwise noted, construction activities would not occur between the hours of 8:00 p.m. of any one day and 7:00 a.m. of the next day, at any time on any Sunday or at any time on any public holiday.

Short-term noise impacts would be associated with excavation, grading, paving, and underground construction during construction of the Project. Construction-related short-term noise levels

Page 463 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-77 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 would be higher than existing ambient noise levels in the Project area today but would no longer occur once construction of the Project is completed.

Construction crew commutes and the transport of construction equipment and materials to the Site for the Project would incrementally increase noise levels on access roads leading to the Site.

Although there would be a relatively high single-event noise-exposure potential causing intermittent noise nuisance (passing trucks at 50 feet would generate up to a maximum of 87 dBA Lmax over a few seconds), the effect on longer-term (hourly or daily) ambient noise levels would be small when averaged over a long period of time (an hour, 8 hours, or 24 hours) with much lower ambient noise levels. Therefore, short-term construction-related impacts associated with worker commute and equipment transport to the Project Site would be less than significant.

The second type of short-term noise impact is related to noise generated during site preparation and on-site construction on the Project Site. Construction is completed in discrete steps, each of which has its own mix of equipment, and consequently, its own noise characteristics. These various sequential phases would change the character of the noise generated on the Site, and therefore, the noise levels surrounding the Site as construction progresses. Despite the variety in the type and size of construction equipment, similarities in the dominant noise sources and patterns of operation allow construction-related noise ranges to be categorized by work phase.

Table XIII-3, RCNM Default Noise Emission Reference Levels and Usage Factors, lists construction equipment expected to be used during Project construction, and the noise levels are taken from the RCNM Default Noise Emission Reference Levels and Usage Factors which lists typical construction equipment noise levels recommended for noise impact assessments, based on a distance of 50 feet between the equipment and a noise receptor, and are taken from the FHWA Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM) (FHWA, 2006). The RCNM is a national model based on the noise calculations and extensive construction noise data compiled for the Central Artery/Tunnel (CA/T) project where it replaced Boston’s deteriorating six-lane elevated Central Artery I-93 in 1982. The basis for the national model is a spreadsheet tool developed in support of the CA/T project.

TABLE XIII-3

Page 464 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-78 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TABLE XIII-3

RCNM DEFAULT NOISE EMISSION REFERENCE LEVELS AND USAGE FACTORS Equipment Description
Impact
Device?
Acoustical
Usage
Factor
Spec. 721.560
Lmax at 50 Feet
(dBA, slow)a
Actual
Measured
Lmax at 50 Feet
(dBA, slow)b
Number of
Actual Data
Samples
(Count)
Flatbed truck No 40 84 74 4
Frontend loader No 40 80 79 96
Generator No 50 82 81 19
Generator (<25 kVA, variablemessage signs)No 50 70 73 74 Grader No 40 85 N/A 0
Paver No 50 85 77 9
Pickup truck No 40 55 75 1
Roller No 20 85 80 16
Scraper No 40 85 84 12
Tractor No 40 84 N/A 0
Welder/torch No 40 73 74 5
NOTES:
dBA = A-weighted decibels; HP = horsepower; N/A = not applicable a the specification “Spec” limit for each piece of equipment expressed as an Lmax level in dBA “slow” at a reference distance of 50 foot from the loudest side of the equipment;
b the measured “Actual” emission level at 50 feet for each piece of equipment based on hundreds of emission measurements performed on CA/T work sites.

SOURCE: Federal Highway Administration, Highway Construction Noise Handbook (2006), Table 9.1.

Project construction will constitute 8 phases of construction activities, as shown in Table XIII-4, Construction Phasing.

TABLE XIII-4
CONSTRUCTION PHASINGa
Phase Description
Phase 1 Demolition
Phase 2 Site Preparation
Phase 3 Grading/Excavation
Phase 4 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching
Phase 5 Foundation/Concrete Pour
Phase 6 Building Construction
Phase 7 Paving
Phase 8 Architectural Coating
NOTES:
a Based on CalEEMod and construction information provided by the client.

SOURCE: ESA 2022.

Page 465 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-79 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Existing noise sensitive uses (residences) in the immediate vicinity include:
• To the north: Residences and Charter Oak High School on the north side of East Cypress Street, 90 feet to the nearest Project property line; and • To the south: Residences on the south side of railroad tracks, 75 feet to the nearest Project property line.

As stated previously, sound levels are generated from a source, and their decibel level decreases as the distance from that source increases. Sound dissipates exponentially with distance from the noise source. For a single point source, sound levels decrease approximately 6 dBA for each doubling of distance from the source. This drop-off rate is appropriate for noise generated by stationary equipment. If noise is produced by a line source, such as highway traffic or railroad operations, the sound decreases 3 dBA for each doubling of distance in a hard site environment.

Line source noise in a relatively flat environment with absorptive vegetation decreases 4.5 dBA for each doubling of distance.

Construction noise is temporary and will cease to occur after completion of the Project construction. It is considered best practice that all construction, maintenance, or demolition activities within the City's boundary be limited to the hours between 7 a.m. and 8 p.m., Monday through Saturday. No construction work should occur on Sundays and federal holidays.

The Project Site is located near a residential neighborhood, with residential homes both to the north and south of the Project Site. Existing residences to the north of the Project Site are represented by the ambient noise monitoring location R1. Existing residences located to the south are represented by the ambient noise measurement locations R2 and R3. Table XIII-5, Estimated Construction Noises Levels at Existing Off-Site Sensitive Receptors, lists the estimated construction noise levels at the representative off-site sensitive uses where the nearest noisesensitive receivers are located. Receiver location A represents the ambient noise monitoring location at R1. Receiver D represents the high school to the northeast of the Project Site (R4).

Receivers B and C represent the residences on the south side of the railroad tracks (R2 and R3).

TABLE XIII-5

Page 466 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-80 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TABLE XIII-5

ESTIMATED CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVELS AT EXISTING OFF-SITE SENSITIVE RECEPTORS Noise Sensitive Receptor Construction Phases
Distance between
Nearest Receptor
and Construction
Site, feet
Estimated Construction
Noise Levels at Noise
Sensitive Receptor by
Construction Phase,a
Hourly Leq (dBA)
B
Existing residences to the
south of the Project Site, on
the south side of the railroad
tracks (Location R2)
Demolition
Site Preparation
Grading/Excavation
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching
Foundation/Concrete Pour
Building Construction
Paving
Architectural Coating
Maximum Overlap Noise
75 to 400 feet
79 79
79 79
80 64
78 67
83 C
Existing residences to the
east and southeast of the
Project Site, on the south
side of the railroad tracks
(Location R3)
Demolition
Site Preparation
Grading/Excavation
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching
Foundation/Concrete Pour
Building Construction
Paving
Architectural Coating
Maximum Overlap Noise
180 to 500 feet
71 71
72 71
72 57
71 60
76 D
Near Charter Oak High
School (near the baseball
field, soccer field, and tennis
courts) to the northeast of
the Project Site, on the
north side of East Cypress
Street (Location R4)
Demolition
Site Preparation
Grading/Excavation
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching
Foundation/Concrete Pour
Building Construction
Paving
Architectural Coating
Maximum Overlap Noise
90 to 300 feet
77 77
78 77
78 63
77 66
82 NOTES.
a Estimated construction noise levels represent the worst-case condition when noise generators are located nearest to the receptors and are expected to last the entire duration of each construction phase.

SOURCE: ESA, 2022.

Construction (grading/excavation and foundation/concrete pour) on the Project Site would expose the nearest noise-sensitive uses in the Project vicinity to noise levels reaching up to 83 dBA Leq over a one-hour average period for the existing residences to the south in the Project Site vicinity (location R2). During other construction phases demolition, site preparation, drainage/utilities/trenching, building construction, paving, and architectural coating), noise associated with on-site activity would be lower than those during the grading period.

The City has not adopted a numeric threshold for construction activity noise. The Project would generate construction noise levels in excess of the prevailing ambient noise levels measured at the off-site sensitive receiver locations (R1: 57.4 dBA Leq; R2, 66.4 dBA Leq; R3, 65.8 dBA Leq; R4,

Page 467 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-81 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022

Construction noise would be a temporary occurrence and would cease to occur after completion of Project construction. City’s Municipal Code Chapter 9.40, Section 9.40.110 Construction, establishes regulations for construction activity within the City and PDF-N-1 requires compliance with the ordinance, which is as follows:

A. It is unlawful for any person within any residential land use category or within a radius of 500 feet therefrom to operate equipment or perform any outside construction or repair work on any building, structure, or project; or to operate any pile driver, steam shovel, pneumatic hammer, electric saw, grinder, steam or electric hoist, or other construction-type equipment or device between the hours of 8:00 p.m. of any one day and 7:00 a.m. of the next day, at any time on any Sunday or at any time on any public holiday in such a manner that a reasonable person of normal sensitivity residing in the area is caused discomfort or annoyance, unless beforehand a permit therefor has been duly obtained. No permit shall be required to perform emergency work.

With incorporation of Mitigation Measure NOI-1, a temporary construction noise barrier up to 8 feet above ground would be installed on the Project Site in the direction facing the off-site residences located along East Cypress Street to the north of the Project Site and the residences located to the south of the Project Site. which would reduce the construction noise increase in ambient noise levels by up to 10 dBA. Temporary construction noise impacts would be less than significant.

Mitigation Measures:

NOI-1: Prior to the start of grading/excavation on the Project Site and last until foundation/concrete pour is completed, temporary construction noise barriers shall be installed along the Project’s northern and southern boundary, where noise-sensitive residential receptors are located along East Cypress Street to the north and the railroad tracks to the south. This temporary construction noise barrier is required to have a minimum height of 8 feet above ground and shall block the line-of-sight between the construction area and then off-site noise-sensitive receptors.

Page 468 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-82 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Project Operational Noise
This section describes the activities relating to operation of the Project, including Project-related vehicular traffic and any on-site noise-generating equipment and activity.

Traffic Noise Impacts on Off-Site Land Uses
Vehicle traffic noise during operation of the Project would have a significant noise impact if it would increase existing without Project traffic noise levels by 5 dBA CNEL or more at a sensitive land use currently experiencing “normally acceptable” or “conditionally acceptable” noise levels; or increase ambient noise levels by 3 dBA CNEL or more at a sensitive land use currently experiencing “normally unacceptable” or “clearly unacceptable” noise levels.

The City adopted Resolution CC 2020-56 (June, 2020) regarding the VMT thresholds of significance for the purposes of analyzing transportation impacts under CEQA. These thresholds are consistent with the recommended screening criteria contained in the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR) Technical Advisory on Evaluating Transportation Impacts in CEQA (December, 2018). Consistent with the OPR Technical Advisory, the City recommends that a project generating 110 average daily trips (ADT) or less be screened out of a VMT analysis due to the presumption of a less than significant impact.

Based on the Project’s trip generation summary, the existing land use (manufacturing) generates 217 ADTs, and the proposed Public Storage facility would generate 214 ADT. After taking credit for the existing use, the Project would result in 3 fewer daily trips to and from the Project Site, which is below the OPR Technical Advisory threshold of 110 trips per day.

Implementing the Project would not add any additional vehicle trips to the existing conditions and would result in no measurable changes in the traffic noise levels compared to the corresponding baseline traffic noise level along all roadway segments in the Project area. Therefore, traffic noise impacts under the existing plus Project scenario would be less than significant with implementation of the Project and no mitigation measures would be required.

Traffic Noise Impacts on On-site Land Uses
The Project proposes a Public Storage facility on the Project Site that could be exposed to traffic noise from vehicular traffic on East Cypress Street to the north and train noise from the railroad tracks to the south. Because the proposed Public Storage facility is not considered a noisesensitive land use, noise impacts would be less than significant and no mitigation measures would be required for operation of the Project.

Stationary Noise Impacts from On-site Equipment and Activities Stationary point-source noise levels were evaluated by identifying the noise levels generated by outdoor stationary noise sources such as rooftop mechanical equipment, parking structure, automobile operations, and loading/refuse collection area activity, calculating the hourly Leq noise level from each noise source at sensitive receiver property lines, and comparing such noise levels to existing ambient noise levels.

Page 469 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-83 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 On-Site Fixed Mechanical Equipment Noise
The operation of mechanical equipment typical of developments like the Project, such as air conditioners, fans, and related equipment, may generate audible noise levels. The Project’s mechanical equipment would be located on rooftops or within buildings, and would be shielded from nearby land uses to attenuate the noise they would generate and avoid conflicts with adjacent uses. In addition, all mechanical equipment would be designed with appropriate noise control devices, such as sound attenuators, acoustics louvers, sound enclosures, and/or sound screen/parapet walls, to comply with the noise limitation requirements provided in Division IV.

Offenses Against Public Peace, Chapter 9.40 Noise. Therefore, the Project would install mechanical equipment so that it would generate noise levels below this threshold in compliance with applicable regulatory requirements. This would be accomplished through appropriate and commonly used noise control devices, such as sound attenuators, acoustics louvers, sound enclosures, sound adsorbers, muffling devices, and/or sound screen/parapet walls. Therefore, compliance with the City’s Municipal Code requirements would ensure that operation of the Project’s fixed mechanical equipment would not exceed the City’s thresholds of significance and impacts would be less than significant.

Parking, Loading Activities and Refuse Service Areas Noise Sources of noise associated with parking areas typically include engines accelerating, doors slamming, car alarms, horns honking, tire squeals, and people talking. Noise levels at these facilities would fluctuate throughout the day with the amount of vehicle and human activity.

Noise levels would generally be the highest in the morning and evening peak traffic hours when the largest number of vehicles would enter and exit the parking structures.

The Project will require typical weekly refuse collection services for the Public Storage facility uses with refuse trucks accessing the Project Site from East Cypress Street to the north of the Project Site boundary. The Project would not include an exterior loading dock. Loading activities would be minimal given the relatively small scale of the Project’s self-storage uses; thus a dedicated loading dock is not needed. Any periodic loading would occur on the paved parking area adjacent to the storage space.

Loading activities, such as truck movements/idling and loading/unloading operations, would generate noise levels of approximately 70 dBA Leq at a reference distance of 50 feet from the noisiest portion of the truck (i.e., to the side behind the cab and in line with the engine and exhaust stacks) based on a noise survey that was conducted by ESA at a loading dock facility, loading dock activity would generate noise levels. Refuse collection vehicles would travel on East Cypress Street for refuse pickup. Refuse collection generally occurs on a weekly basis and usually lasts for several minutes similar to refuse pickup services for all other uses in the area, which would generate an incidental amount of noise and would not significantly contribute to permanent noise increases in the area.

Page 470 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-84 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Truck idling that may periodically occur from loading/unloading would be restricted to no more than 5 consecutive minutes in the loading area pursuant to State regulation (Title 13 CCR, Section 2485). Pursuant to Title 13 CCR, Section 2485, signs would be posted in delivery loading areas specifying this idling restriction. The Project would not include an exterior loading dock and loading activities would occur in the parking area in front of the storage space and noise attenuation from the building walls is taken into account.

Therefore, noise impacts from parking, loading activities and refuse service areas would be less than significant and no mitigation measures would be required. b) Generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? Less Than Significant Impact. The criteria for environmental impact from groundborne vibration are based on the maximum groundborne vibration levels for a single event.

Table XIII-6, Vibration Damage Criteria, lists the potential vibration damage criteria associated with construction activities, as suggested in the Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment (FTA, 2018).

TABLE XIII-6

VIBRATION DAMAGE CRITERIA
Building Category PPV (inch/sec) Approximate LV
a
Reinforced-concrete, steel or timber (no plaster) 0.50 102 Engineered concrete and masonry (no plaster) 0.30 98
Non-engineered timber and masonry buildings 0.20 94
Buildings extremely susceptible to vibration damage 0.12 90 NOTES:

PPV = peak particle velocity; LV = velocity in decibels; inch/sec = inches per second a Root-mean-square velocity in decibels (VdB) re 1 microinch per second.

SOURCE: FTA, Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual, Table 7-5, September 2018.

FTA guidelines show that a vibration level of up to 102 VdB (equivalent to 0.5 inch/sec in RMS) (FTA, 2018) is considered safe for buildings consisting of reinforced concrete, steel, or timber (no plaster), and would not result in any construction vibration damage. For a non-engineered timber and masonry building, the construction vibration damage criterion is 94 VdB (0.2 inch/sec in RMS). The RMS values for building damage thresholds referenced above are shown in Table XIII-7, Guideline Vibration and Groundborne Noise Impact Criteria for General Assessment (Caltrans, 2020).

Page 471 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-85 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TABLE XIII-7

GROUNDBORNE VIBRATION AND GROUNDBORNE NOISE IMPACT CRITERIA FOR

GENERAL ASSESSMENT
Land Use Category
Frequent
Eventsa
Occasional
Eventsb
Infrequent
Eventsc
Category 1: Buildings where vibration would interfere
with interior operations.
65 VdBd 65 VdBd 65 VdBd
Category 2: Residences and buildings where people
normally sleep.
72 VdB 75 VdB 80 VdB
Category 3: Institutional land uses with primarily
daytime use.
75 VdB 78 VdB 83 VdB
NOTES:
a “Frequent Events” is defined as more than 70 vibration events of the same source per day. b “Occasional Events” is defined as between 30 and 70 vibration events of the same source per day. c “Infrequent Events” is defined as fewer than 30 vibration events of the same kind per day. d This criterion is based on levels that are acceptable for most moderately sensitive equipment, such as optical microscopes.

SOURCE: FTA, Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual, Table 6-3, September 2018.

Based on the FTA’s Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment (FTA 2018), the vibration criterion for a detailed analysis is 78 VdB for residential uses during daytime hours. During nighttime hours, the vibration criterion is 72 VdB. For office and office buildings, the FTA guidelines suggest that a vibration level of 84 VdB should be used for detailed analysis.

Groundborne vibration and noise impacts were evaluated for potential building damage and human annoyance impacts by identifying the Project’s potential vibration sources, estimating the distance between the Project’s vibration sources and the nearest structure and vibration annoyance receptor locations, and making a significance determination based on the significance thresholds.

Project Construction Groundborne Vibration
Structural Damage
Construction activities may generate groundborne vibration and noise from transient sources due to the temporary and sporadic use of vibration-generating equipment. Operation of the Project has no potential to cause structure damage to the Project’s own buildings or to off-site buildings that are farther away because the Project would not include any equipment that would generate substantial vibration or noise levels. Construction and operational activities may generate groundborne vibration and noise levels that could be felt by people as a result of trucks and vehicles driving to and from the Project Site, or from the operation of typical commercial-grade stationary mechanical and electrical equipment used for residential and commercial land uses, such as air handling units, condenser units, and exhaust fans, which could produce groundborne vibration and noise. Because vibration level in RMS is best for characterizing human response to building vibration and vibration level in PPV is best used to characterize potential for damage, this construction vibration impact analysis will discuss the human annoyance using vibration levels in VdB and will assess the potential for building damages using vibration levels in PPV (inch/sec).

Page 472 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-86 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Grading and excavation for the Project is expected to use 1 tractor/loader/backhoe, 1 excavator, 1 grader, 1 forklift, and 1 other equipment. It is anticipated that the greatest levels of vibration would occur during the grading and excavation phase. All other phases are expected to result in similar or lower vibration levels.

Vibration level (VdB) attenuation through soil is represented by the following equation:

LvdB (D) = LvdB (25 feet) – 30 Log (D/25)
Where D is the distance between the vibration source and the receiver. LvdB (25 feet) is the source vibration level measured at 25 feet. A vibration level at 50 feet is 9 VdB lower than the vibration level at 25 feet. Vibration at 100 feet from the source is 18 VdB lower than the vibration level at 25 feet.

The nearest residential buildings adjacent to the Project Site are approximately 90 feet from the nearest construction area on the Project Site. It would take a vibration PPV level of more than

0.2 inch/sec for non-engineered timber and masonry buildings or 0.5 inch/sec for reinforcedconcrete, steel or timber (no plaster) to potentially result in any building damages. Table XIII-8, Vibration Source Amplitudes for Construction Equipment, shows that none of the construction activities anticipated on the Project Site, including loaders, would result in a vibration level that would reach 0.5 inch/sec PPV at 25 feet from each of the Project construction equipment and/or activities. The vibration level from loaders would be 0.089 inch/sec measured at 25 feet, as shown in Table XIII-8. At 75 feet, where the nearest residential building is located, the vibration level would be reduced to 0.013 in h/sec PPV. This vibration level is lower than the vibration damage threshold of 0.20 inch/sec PPV. Other off-site buildings are farther away from the Project Site and would be exposed to even lower construction vibration levels. Therefore, no building damage would occur as a result of the Project construction and impacts would be less than significant.

TABLE XIII-8

VIBRATION SOURCE AMPLITUDES FOR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
Equipment
Reference PPV/LV at 25 Feet
PPV (inch/sec) LV (VdB)
Vibratory Roller 0.210 94
Earth Mover 0.011 69
Excavator 0.047 81
Wheel Loader 0.076 86
Large Bulldozer 0.089 87
Loaded Trucks 0.076 86
Small Bulldozer 0.003 58
NOTES:

PPV = peak particle velocity; LV = velocity in decibels; inch/sec = inches per second; VdB = vibration velocity decibels.

SOURCE: Federal Transit Administration, Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment (2018), Table 12-2.

Page 473 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-87 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Human Annoyance
Table XIII-9, Summary of Construction Equipment and Activity Vibration, lists the projected vibration level from various construction equipment expected to be used on the Project Site to the sensitive uses in the Project vicinity. For the Project construction activity, the equipment with the highest vibration generation potential is the loader, which would generate 87 VdB at 25 feet. With the vibration attenuation through distance divergence, the vibration from Project construction would be reduced by 14 VdB at the nearest residential buildings on the south side of the train tracks that are at least 75 feet from the Project construction area boundary. The highest construction vibration levels at residential buildings adjacent to the Project Site would be 73 VdB or lower. The vibration level from loader would be lower than the 86 VdB measured at 25 feet.

As shown in Table XIII-9, construction equipment vibration levels would not exceed the FTA’s 78 VdB threshold at the nearest noise-sensitive receiver locations during daytime hours or the FTA’s 84 VdB threshold for annoyance of occupants in commercial/office buildings.

TABLE XIII-9

SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AND ACTIVITY VIBRATION Equipment/Activity
Vibration Level (VdB)
At
25 Feet
Distance
Attenuation
Intervening
Canala Maximum
Vibration Level
Residences to the North (100 feet)
Loader, front end loaders, grader,
backhoeb
86 18 0 68
Loaded trucks 86 18 0 68
Jackhammers, forklift 79 18 0 62
Residences to the South (75 feet)
Loader, front end loaders, grader,
backhoeb
86 14 0 72
Loaded trucks 86 14 0 72
Jackhammers, forklift 79 14 0 65
NOTES:

The FTA recommended building damage threshold is 0.2 inch/sec or approximately 94 VdB at the receiving property structure or building. a No intervening structure that would provide a damping effect on vibration. b Large bulldozer represents the construction equipment with the highest vibration potential that would be used on Site. Other equipment would result in a lower vibration when compared to that of large bulldozers.

SOURCE: Compiled by ESA (2022).

Summary of Construction Groundborne Vibration Impacts
The Project Site needs a loader and excavator during construction. The nearest residential building is located at 75 feet from the Project construction area. At this distance, the vibration level of the equipment that would be used on site, loaders, would be reduced to 0.013 in inch/sec PPV. The vibration level from loaders would be 0.089 inch/sec measured at 25 feet and at 75 feet

Page 474 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-88 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 would be lower than the vibration damage threshold of 0.20 inch/sec PPV. Other off-site buildings are farther away from the Project Site and would be exposed to even lower construction vibration levels. Therefore, no building damage would occur as a result of the Project construction.

The projected maximum construction vibration level during Project construction at the nearest vibration-sensitive receiver locations would be reduced to 72 VdB and would not exceed the FTA’s vibration standards of 78 VdB for sensitive uses (residences) or the FTA’s 84 VdB threshold for commercial/office buildings.

Construction vibration impacts would be less than significant for structural damage and human annoyance and mitigation measures are not required.

Project Operational Groundborne Vibration Impacts
The Project proposes a Public Storage facility that would not generate any substantial ground vibration. Operation of the Project would include typical commercial-grade stationary mechanical and electrical equipment, such as air handling units, condenser units, and exhaust fans, which would produce vibration at low levels that would not cause damage or annoyance impacts to the Project buildings or on-site occupants and would not cause vibration impacts to the off-site environment. According to America Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), pumps or compressor would generate groundborne vibration levels of 0.5 in/sec PPV at 1 foot (ASHRAE, 1999). Therefore, groundborne vibration from the operation of such mechanical equipment would not impact any of the off-site sensitive receptors. Due to the rapid attenuation characteristics of groundborne vibration and distance from the Project Site to receptors, there is no potential for operational impacts with respect to groundborne vibration.

Operational groundborne vibration impacts would be less than significant. No mitigation is required.
c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the Project expose people residing or working in the Project area to excessive noise levels?
No Impact. The Project would result in no impacts relevant to airport land use plans, airports, or private airstrips as the Project is not located within the vicinity of a private airstrip, airport land use plan, or public or public use airport. The nearest airport to the Project Site is Brackett Field Airport located approximately 4.5 miles to the east. Therefore, these issues do not require further analysis in this study. No Project-related impacts from private airship or an airport land use plan would occur, and no mitigation measures are required.

References
ASHRAE, 1999. America Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.

Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Applications, 1999.

California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Section 15168(c).

Page 475 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-89 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TeNS, 2013. California Department of Transportation, Technical Noise Supplement, September 2013.

Caltrans, 2020. California Department of Transportation, Transportation and Construction Vibration Guidance Manual. 2020.

City of Covina, Noise Element and Municipal Code.

FHA, 2006. Federal Highway Administration, Roadway Construction Noise Model User’s Guide, 2006.

FTA, 2018. FTA, Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual, September 2018.

Thalheimer, Erich. Construction Noise Control Program and Mitigation Strategy at the Central Artery/Tunnel Project. Noise Control Engineering Journal, Vol. 48, No. 5, pp 157-165, September - October 2000.
1974, USEPA. USEPA, EPA Identifies Noise Levels Affecting Health and Welfare, April 1974. 1978, USEPA. USEPA, Protective Noise Levels, Condensed Version of EPA Levels Document (EPA 550/9-79-100, November 1978).

Page 476 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-90 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Population and Housing
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XIV. POPULATION AND HOUSING — Would the project:
a) Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new
homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example,
through extension of roads or other infrastructure)?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Displace substantial numbers of existing people or
housing, necessitating the construction of
replacement housing elsewhere?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Discussion
Would the Project:
a) Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)?
Less Than Significant Impact. The Project would not involve the development of new housing.

The Project would include the demolition of the existing 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building (i.e., electronic manufacturing) and the development of a 141,984 SF 3-story public self-storage building. Project features would include a partial basement, a rental office, a temporary monopole cell tower, associated secured surface parking areas, pedestrian walkways, and landscaping. The relatively short duration of construction (i.e., 12 months) of the Project would increase construction employees as approximately 80 personnel would be used. However, these jobs would not necessarily bring new construction workers or their families into the region, since construction workers are typically drawn from an existing regional pool who travel among construction sites within the region. As such, Project construction activities would not induce employees to move to the Project vicinity and would not induce population growth or the need for housing.

The Project would require two employees to operate the Public Storage facility. As such, it is anticipated that the Project would generate fewer employees than those currently generated by the existing commercial use (i.e., electronics manufacturing) at the Project Site. Operational activities of the Project would be limited to periodic landscaping and maintenance and trips by customers of the Public Storage. The Project would have no effect on long-term population and employment growth. Further, the Project is located in an area already served by existing infrastructure.

Therefore, the proposed infrastructure (i.e., sidewalks, driveways, and underground facilities) would not induce further on- or off-site population growth. Given the limited intensity of the proposed development, substantial growth would not result from the Project. A less than significant impact would occur in this regard. No mitigation is required.

Page 477 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-91 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 b) Displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere?
No Impact. The Project Site is currently developed with an approximately 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building occupied by “TT Electronics Power Solutions” which is used for electronics manufacturing. The remainder of the Project Site consists of asphalt-paved surface parking lots and ornamental landscaped areas. No housing or habitable structures exist on the Project Site.

Since no existing housing would be removed, there would be no need for the construction of replacement housing elsewhere. No impact would occur in this regard.

Page 478 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-92 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Public Services
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XV. PUBLIC SERVICES —
a) Would the project result in substantial adverse
physical impacts associated with the provision of new
or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the
construction of which could cause significant
environmental impacts, in order to maintain
acceptable service ratios, response times or other
performance objectives for any of the following public
services:
i) Fire protection? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
ii) Police protection? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
iii) Schools? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
iv) Parks? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
v) Other public facilities? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
Discussion
Would the Project:
a) Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the following public services:
i) Fire Protection?
Less Than Significant Impact. Fire protection and emergency medical services for the City, including the Project Site, is provided by the Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACFD), who is contracted with the City. The LACFD provides 24-hour, all-risk emergency services to a population of approximately 4.1 million residents living and working in 60 cities and all of the County’s unincorporated communities in a service area of approximately 2,311 square miles. The LACFD is comprised of the Emergency Operations Bureau, the Business Operations Bureau, and the Leadership and Professional Standards Bureau. The emergency operations field divisions are comprised of the North Region, the Central Region, and the East Region within the LACFD service area, which are divided into nine divisions and 22 battalions (LACFD, 2021). The LACFD provides emergency services in response to a wide range of incidents including structure fires, wildfires, commercial fires, hazardous materials incidents, urban search and rescue, and swift water rescue. In 2020, the LACFD responded to a total of 379,517 incidents which included 307,025 emergency medical responses, 9,813 fire incidents (i.e., structures, vehicles, rubbish, brush/grass, outside storage, and miscellaneous property), and 62,679 other incidents (i.e., false alarms, mutual aid provided, hazardous materials, and miscellaneous incidents). In 2020, the LACFD lifeguard division responded to 26,103 incidents which included medical calls, ocean

Page 479 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-93 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 rescues, missing persons, boat rescues/distress, oxygen therapy, and drownings. The LACFD consists of approximately 4,775 personnel including chief officers, captains, firefighter specialists, firefighter paramedics, firefighters, call firefighters, fire suppression aides, pilots, administrative support, lifeguards, dispatchers, foresters, and hazardous materials specialists. The LACFD is comprised of 177 fire stations with 228 engine companies (i.e., type I, type III, and type VI), 34 truck companies (i.e., quints and light forces), 112 paramedic units (i.e., squads, assessment engines, air squads, and assessment quint/light force), and reserve equipment. The lifeguard division includes 24 lifeguard stations, 159 lifeguard towers, 58 beach patrol vehicles, 8 rescue boats, 2 paramedic rescue boats, and 2 baywatch paramedic squads. The air and wildland division includes 10 helicopters, 9 fire suppression camps, 18 fire suppression crews, and 19 pieces of heavy equipment (i.e., excavators, heavy dump trucks, track loaders, and rubber tire loaders) (LACFD, 2020).

The City, including the Project Site, is located within Division II of the East Region’s emergency operations field division. Division II includes Battalions No. 2 and 16 and serves the cities of Azusa, Baldwin Park, Bradbury, Claremont, Covina, Duarte, Glendora, Irwindale, and San Dimas. Three LACFD fire stations provide fire protection and emergency medical services for the City, including the Project Site: Fire Station No. 153, located at 1577 East Cypress Street, Covina (approximately 0.3 miles east of the Project Site); Fire Station No. 154, located at 401 North Second Avenue, Covina (approximately 1.8 miles southwest of the Project Site); and Fire Station No. 152, located at 807 Cypress Street, Covina (approximately 2.5 miles west of the Project Site) (LACFD, 2020). The LACFD operates under a regional concept in its approach to providing fire protection and emergency medical services, wherein emergency response units are dispatched as needed to an incident anywhere in the LACFD’s service territory based on distance and availability, without regard to jurisdictional or municipal boundaries.

Construction
Construction activities associated with the Project may temporarily increase the demand for fire protection and emergency medical services, and may cause the occasional exposure of combustible materials, such as wood, plastics, sawdust, coverings and coatings, to heat sources including machinery and equipment sparking, exposed electrical lines, welding activities, and chemical reactions in combustible materials and coatings. However, in compliance with the requirements of OSHA, all construction managers and personnel would be trained in fire prevention and emergency response. Further, fire suppression equipment specific to construction would be maintained on the Project Site. As applicable, construction activities would be required to comply with the 2019 CBC and the 2019 CFC, of which the City has adopted as the City’s Fire Code.

Construction activities may involve temporary lane closures along East Cypress Street for curbside improvements (e.g., sidewalks, driveways, underground facilities and infrastructure).

Construction-related traffic could result in increased travel time due to flagging or stopping of traffic to accommodate trucks entering and exiting the Project Site during construction. As such, construction activities could increase response times for emergency vehicles to local business and/or residences within the Project vicinity, due to travel time delays to through traffic.

However, the impacts of such construction activity would be temporary and on an intermittent

Page 480 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-94 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 basis. Further, a Construction Management Plan for the Project would be prepared in order to minimize disruptions to through traffic flow, maintain emergency vehicle access to the Project Site and neighboring land uses, and schedule worker and construction equipment delivery to avoid peak traffic hours. As a component of the Construction Management Plan, the times of day and locations of all temporary lane closures would be coordinated so that they do not occur during peak periods of traffic congestion, to the extent feasible. Truck routes for material and equipment deliveries, as well as for soil export and disposal, would require approval by the City’s Public Works Department prior to construction activities. The Construction Management Plan would be prepared for review and approval prior to commencement of any construction activity.

These practices, as well as techniques typically employed by emergency vehicles to clear or circumvent traffic (i.e., lights and sirens), are expected to limit the potential for significant delays in emergency response times during construction of the Project. Therefore, impacts regarding emergency response times and emergency access during construction would be less than significant. No mitigation is required.

Operation
The Project would include the demolition of the existing 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building (i.e., electronic manufacturing) and the development of a 141,984 SF 3-story public self-storage building. Project features would include a partial basement, a rental office, a temporary monopole cell tower, associated secured surface parking areas, pedestrian walkways, and landscaping. The Project would not generate a new direct residential population as no residential uses are proposed.

As discussed above, three LACFD fire stations provide fire protection and emergency medical services for the City, including the Project Site (LACFD, 2020). Fire Station No. 153, located at 1577 East Cypress Street, Covina, is approximately 0.3 miles east of the Project Site. The LACFD operates under a regional concept in its approach to providing fire protection and emergency medical services, wherein emergency response units are dispatched as needed to an incident anywhere in the LACFD’s service territory based on distance and availability, without regard to jurisdictional or municipal boundaries. Due to the close proximity of multiple fire stations to the Project Site, service calls are anticipated to be responded to within LACFD’s desired response times.

The Project would be subject to compliance with fire protection design standards, as necessary, per the 2019 CBC, 2019 CFC, and LACFD, to ensure adequate fire protection and emergency medical services. The LACFD’s standard conditions of approval generally require that plans for building construction, fire flow requirements, fire protection devices (i.e., fire sprinklers and alarms), fire hydrants and spacing, fire access including ingress/egress, turning radii, driveway width, and grading would be prepared for review and approval by the City and LACFD. Overall, with compliance to the applicable requirements of the 2019 CBC, 2019 CFC, and LACFD, and due to the temporary nature of the necessary construction activities, the limited intensity of the

Page 481 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-95 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 proposed development, and limited operational activities, the Project is not expected to be beyond the scope of available fire and protection services for the City. As such, impacts regarding fire protection and medical services during operation would be less than significant. No mitigation is required.
ii) Police Protection?
Less Than Significant Impact. Police protection services for the City, including the Project Site, are provided by the Covina Police Department (CPD). The CPD is comprised of the Operations Division and the Police Support Services Division. The Operations Division is comprised of those divisions which provide the basic police function and is made up of patrol, service area policing, traffic unit, school resource officers, Covina Jail, helicopter support, special response team, and parking enforcement. The Administration Services Division supports the CPD and is comprised of investigations, police records, police communications, police administration, crime prevention, and animal control (CPD, 2022). The CPD police station is located at 444 North Citrus Avenue, approximately 1.8 miles southwest of the Project Site.

Construction
During construction, equipment and building materials could be temporarily stored on-site, which could result in theft, graffiti, and vandalism. However, the Project Site is located in an area with high vehicular activity from East Cypress Street and Glendora Avenue. In addition, the construction site would be fenced along the perimeter, with the height and fence materials subject to review and approval by the City’s Public Works Department. As discussed above, construction activities may involve temporary lane closures along East Cypress Street for curbside improvements (e.g., sidewalks, driveways, underground facilities and infrastructure). However, these closures would be temporary in nature and in the event of partial lane closures, both directions of travel on area roadways and access to the Project Site would be maintained. Further, as discussed above, a Construction Management Plan for the Project would be prepared in order to minimize disruptions to through traffic flow, maintain emergency vehicle access to the Project Site and neighboring land uses, and schedule worker and construction equipment delivery to avoid peak traffic hours. Emergency vehicle drivers have a variety of options for avoiding traffic, such as using their sirens to clear a path of travel or driving in the lanes of opposing traffic. Given the visibility of the Project Site from adjacent roadways and surrounding properties, existing CPD presence in the City, maintained emergency access, and construction fencing, the Project is not expected to increase demand on existing police services to a meaningful extent. As such, the Project would have a less than significant temporary impact on police protection during the construction phases. No mitigation is required.

The Project would require two employees to operate the Public Storage facility. As such, it is

Page 482 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-96 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 anticipated that the Project would generate fewer employees than those currently generated by the existing commercial use (i.e., electronics manufacturing) at the Project Site. Operational activities of the Project would be limited to periodic landscaping and maintenance and trips by customers of the Public Storage.

As described under Section 2.5.5, Site Security, of the Project Description, the Project would incorporate a 24-hour/seven-day video surveillance security system of the parking lots, entryways, customer lobbies and pedestrian common areas to ensure the safety of its customers and their belongings. If motion is detected when the facility is closed, an off-site security company will check the video for security issues prior to calling the police or setting off an alarm. If an employee or office manager is present at Public Storage during normal business hours, they will have the necessary knowledge and skill to operate the video surveillance security system to provide the CPD copies of video recordings immediately upon request, if needed. If an employee is not present, a phone number will be displayed to contact personnel that have the necessary knowledge and skill to operate the video surveillance security system to provide the Covina Police Department copies of video recordings upon request. The Project Site would include a 6- foot high tubular steel fence around the perimeter of the north, east, and west secure portions of the site. A 6-foot high CMU wall will be located adjacent to the south property line. The access system requires customers and employees entering the secure area to enter a unique access code at both the sliding security entry gate and the telescoping entry gate. An individual access code is also required to enter the customer lobbies and send the elevator to the floor of the customer’s storage unit. This security measure limits who can access parking areas and customer lobbies and allows management to review who has entered and exited these areas, if necessary. The Project design would include lighting of parking lots, entry-ways, and pedestrian common areas for site security purposes.

To ensure that police protection considerations are incorporated into the Project design, prior to issuance of the building permit, the CPD would be provided the opportunity to review and comment upon improvement plans in order to facilitate opportunities for improved emergency access and response; ensure the consideration of design strategies that facilitate public safety and police surveillance; and other specific design recommendations to enhance public safety and reduce potential demands upon police protection services. Due to the temporary nature of the necessary construction activities, the limited intensity of the proposed development, and limited operational activities, the Project is not expected to be beyond the scope of available police protection services for the City. As such, impacts regarding police protection during operation would be less than significant. No mitigation is required. iii) Schools?
Less Than Significant Impact. The Project would include the demolition of the existing 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building (i.e., electronic manufacturing) and the development of a 141,984 SF 3-story public self-storage building. The Project would require two employees to operate the Public Storage facility. As such, it is anticipated that the Project would generate fewer employees than those currently generated by the existing commercial use (i.e., electronics manufacturing) at the Project Site. Pursuant to Education Code Section 17620 and California Government Code

Page 483 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-97 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Section 65995, development impact fees may be levied for residential, commercial, and industrial construction. Further, as stated in California Government Code Section 65996, payment of school impact fees in accordance with California Government Code Section 65995 and/or Education Code Section 17620 is deemed to constitute full and complete mitigation for potential impacts to schools caused by development. As such, impacts regarding schools would be less than significant. No mitigation is required.
iv) Parks?
Less Than Significant Impact. The City’s park system consists of nine parks and two ball fields.

The City owns seven of nine parks, two parks are leased from the CVUSD, and recreational activities in the ball fields are conducted under leases with the Charter Oak Unified School District (COUSD) (Covina, 2000). Wingate Park, located approximately 0.10 miles southwest of the Project Site, is a City owned 17-acre regional park developed in 1986. Recreational amenities and features of Wingate Park include one regulation-size lighted roller hockey rink, basketball courts, one tennis court, one paddle ball court, grass playing fields designated for football, soccer, and baseball, two playground areas designated for children aged 5 through 12, a natural trail with two bridges, walkways, picnic tables, restroom facilities and storage area, a composting area, and two parking lots located along North Glendora Avenue and North Grand Avenue. Wingate Park provides facilities for Kare Youth League (year round), American Youth Soccer Organization (A.Y.S.O.), and various community youth sports groups. These facilities are comprised of an office and grass playing fields for football, soccer, and baseball. Wingate Park is located adjacent to the natural Charter Oak Creek, a soft bottom channel, along the southern property line.

The Project would include the demolition of the existing 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building (i.e., electronic manufacturing) and the development of a 141,984 SF 3-story public self-storage building. The Project would not generate a new direct residential population as no residential uses are proposed. The Project would require two employees to operate the Public Storage facility. As such, it is anticipated that the Project would generate fewer employees than those currently generated by the existing commercial use (i.e., electronics manufacturing) at the Project Site.

Most employees are not expected to use local parks given limited lunch time hours, and to the extent they do use local parks it would likely be for passive recreation (walking or eating lunch) on weekdays when use of these parks is not considered at peak (i.e., peak usage of parks often occurs on weekends when the office uses are not in operation). The Project Applicant would be required to pay all applicable impacts fees required by the City. Payment of fees would help address any incremental increase in demand for parks facilities that may be caused by implementation of the Project. As such, impacts regarding parks would be less than significant.

No mitigation is required.
v) Other public facilities?
Less Than Significant Impact. Library services within the City are provided by the Covina Public Library (CPL), located at 234 North Second Avenue. As discussed above, the Project would not generate a new direct residential population as no residential uses are proposed. The Project would require two employees to operate the Public Storage facility. As such, it is

Page 484 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-98 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 anticipated that the Project would generate fewer employees than those currently generated by the existing commercial use (i.e., electronics manufacturing) at the Project Site. Further, the Project Applicant would be required to pay development fees that would help support library facilities and services. As such, impacts regarding libraries would be less than significant.

The two employees generated by the Project would utilize and, to some extent, inclemently impact the maintenance of public facilities, including roads. However, it is anticipated that the Project would generate fewer employees than those currently generated by the existing commercial use at the Project Site. Construction activities would result in temporary increased use of the surrounding roads. The Project Applicant would be required to pay all applicable impacts fees required by the City. Overall, less than significant impacts to governmental services, including roads, would occur. No mitigation is required.

References
Covina, 2000. City of Covina’s General Plan, Natural Resources and Open Space Element, adopted April 18, 2000.

CPD, 2022. City of Covina Police Department Website. Police Operations Division Website, https://covinapd.org/ and https://covinapd.org/services/, accessed April 2022.

LACFD, 2021. Los Angeles County Fire Department Overview Booklet, August 2021, https://fire.lacounty.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Department-OverviewBooklet_single-pages_9.09.21-A.pdf, accessed April 2022.

LACFD, 2020. Los Angeles County Fire Department 2020 Statistical Summary, https://fire.lacounty.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/2020-Statistical-Summary-FINALDRAFT.pdf, accessed April 2022.

Page 485 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-99 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Recreation
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XVI. RECREATION —
a) Would the project increase the use of existing
neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational
facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Does the project include recreational facilities or
require the construction or expansion of recreational
facilities which might have an adverse physical effect
on the environment?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Discussion
Would the Project:
a) Increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated?
Less Than Significant Impact. The Project would not generate a new direct residential population as no residential uses are proposed. The Project would require two employees to operate the Public Storage facility. As such, it is anticipated that the Project would generate fewer employees than those currently generated by the existing commercial use (i.e., electronics manufacturing) at the Project Site. Most employees are not expected to use local parks given limited lunch time hours, and to the extent they do use local parks it would likely be for passive recreation (walking or eating lunch) on weekdays when use of these parks is not considered at peak (i.e., peak usage of parks often occurs on weekends when the office uses are not in operation). The Project Applicant would be required to pay all applicable impacts fees required by the City. Payment of fees would help address any incremental increase in demand for parks facilities that may be caused by implementation of the Project. Implementation of the Project would not increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated.

As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard. No mitigation is required. b) Does the Project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment?
No Impact. The Project would include the demolition of the existing 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building (i.e., electronic manufacturing) and the development of a 141,984 SF 3-story public self-storage building. Project features would include a partial basement, a rental office, a temporary monopole cell tower, associated secured surface parking areas, pedestrian walkways, and landscaping. Project implementation does not include recreational facilities and does not require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities. As such, no impacts would occur in this regard.

Page 486 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-100 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 References
Covina, 2000. City of Covina’s General Plan, Natural Resources and Open Space Element, adopted April 18, 2000.

Page 487 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-101 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Transportation
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XVII. TRANSPORTATION — Would the project:
a) Conflict with a program plan, ordinance or policy
addressing the circulation system, including transit,
roadway, bicycle and pedestrian facilities?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Would the project conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3, subdivision (b)?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Substantially increase hazards due to a geometric
design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous
intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm
equipment)?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
d) Result in inadequate emergency access? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
Discussion
The following analysis is based, in part, on the Public Storage Covina, California – Trip Generation Analysis (Trip Generation Memo) (LSA, 2021), located in Appendix H, of this Draft IS/MND. The Trip Generation Memo was conducted following the City’s Transportation Study Guidelines (Guidelines) (Covina, 2020), which are focused on transportation metrics that promote: the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the development of multimodal networks and access to diverse land uses, as well as safety, sustainability and smart growth. In compliance with CEQA, the Guidelines identify vehicle miles traveled (VMT) as the primary metric for evaluating a project’s transportation impacts. The Trip Generation Memo concluded that, because the Project would generate fewer vehicle trips than those currently generated by the existing use at the Project Site, a quantitative traffic impact analysis is not warranted. As such, the discussion below is primarily qualitative in nature.

Would the Project:
a) Conflict with a program plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? Less Than Significant Impact. The Project Site is located in the City within the San Gabriel Valley of Los Angeles County. Regional access to the Project Site is via I-210 to the north, I-10 to the south, and South Azusa Avenue/ SR-39 to the east. Local access to the Project Site is from East Cypress Street immediately to the north and Glendora Avenue to the west.

As described previously in Section 2.6, Construction Activities and Schedule, of the Project Description, construction of the Project would last for approximately 12 months, from approximately November 2022 to November 2023. The City’s Municipal Code currently limits construction hours to no earlier than 7:00 A.M. and no later than 5:00 P.M., on Monday through Saturday, except on Sundays and federal holidays. Construction of the Project would involve the use of a variety of heavy construction equipment onsite, and approximately 80 personnel would be used for construction of the Project.

Page 488 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-102 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 During the construction period, construction vehicles would use the roadways that provide access to the Project Site (i.e., Glendora Avenue, East Cypress Street) to deliver materials and haul waste. Workers’ vehicles and construction vehicles would access the Project from any of the regional facilities described above, as well as various local, collector, and secondary and primary arterial roadways throughout the City. Roadway users could experience temporary delays from material deliveries, but these delays would be both brief and infrequent. Therefore, they would not affect overall traffic circulation in the vicinity of the Project Site. Construction staging would generally occur on-site and would not affect traffic operations on adjacent roadways.

Construction activities would not impede non-motorized travel or public transportation in the vicinity of the Project Site. Although not anticipated, the Project may require a temporary sidewalk and/or lane closure along East Cypress Street adjacent to the Project Site while Project improvements are being made (e.g., driveway closures, sidewalk repairs/replacement, lighting, landscaping). However, through-access for vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians along all roadways will still be provided. In these instances, the Project Contractor(s) would implement traffic control measures (e.g., construction flagmen, signage, etc.) consistent with required City encroachment permit(s) to maintain flow and access. Any delays would be temporary and would be considered to be less than significant.

The Project would not conflict with any applicable plans, ordinances, or policies establishing measures for effectiveness of the performance of the circulation system, such as the City’s General Plan Mobility Element (Covina, 2000) or the City’s Bicycle Master Plan (Covina, 2011).

Consistent with the City’s requirements, trip generation for the Project was calculated using the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ (ITE) Trip Generation Manual (ITE, 2020). As detailed in the Trip Generation Memo (Appendix H, of this Draft IS/MND), the Project would generate 3 fewer daily vehicle trips, 20 fewer AM peak hour vehicle trips, and 13 fewer PM peak hour vehicle trips as compared to the existing use. In other words, the trip generation characteristics of the Project are less intense than those of the existing use. Therefore, the Project is not expected to substantially degrade traffic operations or roadways in the Project vicinity, nor would it impede non-motorized travel or public transportation. As such, impacts would be less than significant.

Based on the above discussion, the Project would not conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle and pedestrian facilities. As mentioned above, the Project would not impede travel in the vicinity of the Project Site, and would not decrease the performance or safety of such facilities. As a result, impacts would be less than significant. No mitigation is required. b) Would the Project conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3, subdivision (b)?
Less Than Significant Impact. Based on the City’s adoption of Resolution CC 2020-56 and the City’s new guidelines regarding the VMT thresholds of significance for the purposes of analyzing transportation impacts under CEQA, the Project’s VMT is evaluated herein against these thresholds. These thresholds are also consistent with the recommended screening criteria contained in the State of California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR)’s 2018 Technical Advisory on Evaluating Transportation Impacts in CEQA (OPR, 2018).

Page 489 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-103 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 The City’s Guidelines have established screening criteria pertaining to project trip generation forecasts, project land use types (i.e., local serving retail, affordable housing, etc.), proximity to transit, and locality within a low VMT-generating area. The City’s Guidelines provide the following three (3) types of potential screening criteria that may be applied to screen projects from project-level assessment: Transit Priority Areas Screening, Low VMT-generating Areas Screening, and Project Type Screening. The Project Type Screening indicates that projects generating less than 110 daily vehicle trips may be screened out of a quantitative VMT analysis due to the presumption of a less than significant impact. After taking credit for the existing use, the Project would result in 3 fewer daily trips to and from the Project Site, which qualifies for the Project Type Screening for projects that generate fewer than 100 daily vehicle trips. Therefore, based on this analysis, the Project would result in a less than significant impact related to VMT.

No mitigation is required.
c) Substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? Less Than Significant Impact. While it is expected that the majority of construction activities associated with the Project would be mostly confined on-site, construction activities could encroach into the public right-of-way along East Cypress Street adjacent to the Project Site while curbside improvements are being made (e.g., sidewalks, driveways, underground facilities and infrastructure). In addition, slow-moving and large construction vehicles may be present in and around the Project Site, which could reduce visibility and increase roadway congestion for other roadway users. However, in accordance with the City’s Public Works Department, the Project Contractor(s) would develop a Construction Management Plan, subject to City review and approval, that would ensure that safe travel conditions are maintained for vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, and transit vehicles. Therefore, Project construction would not introduce any geometric design features or incompatible uses, and this impact would be less than significant.

The Project would reduce the number of driveways on East Cypress Street from three to one, which would reduce existing hazards related to vehicles driving into and out of driveways (i.e., potential conflicts with pedestrians on sidewalks, or bicyclists and other vehicles traveling on the roadway). There are no existing hazardous design features such as sharp curves or dangerous intersections on-site or within the Project vicinity. The Project would not alter existing street patterns in the vicinity. As part of the Project approvals process, on-site circulation plans for the Project are required to be reviewed for compliance with the City’s Engineering Standards, which include design specifications for driveways and internal circulation to ensure safe and efficient travel of vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, and transit vehicles. Therefore, the Project would not introduce any geometric design features or incompatible uses, and this impact would be less than significant. No mitigation is required.
d) Result in inadequate emergency access?
Less Than Significant Impact. The Project Site is located in an established urban area that is well served by the surrounding roadway network. While it is expected that the majority of construction activities associated with the Project would be confined on-site, there is the possibility that

Page 490 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-104 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 construction activities may involve a temporary lane closure adjacent to the Project Site on East Cypress Street while curbside improvements are being made (e.g., driveway closures, sidewalk repairs/replacement, lighting, landscaping). However, through-access for drivers, including emergency personnel, along East Cypress Street will still be provided. In a lane closure were to occur, the Project Contractor(s) would implement traffic control measures (e.g., construction flagmen, signage, etc.) consistent with required City encroachment permit(s) to maintain flow and access. Furthermore, in accordance with the City’s Public Works Department, the Project Contractor(s) would develop a Construction Management Plan, subject to City review and approval, that includes designation of a haul routes to ensure that adequate emergency access is maintained during construction. Therefore, Project construction is not expected to result in inadequate emergency access, and a less than significant construction impact would occur.

With respect to operation of the Project, the LACFD, which provides fire and paramedic services for the City, and other relevant City departments would review the final design and on-site circulation of the Project, to ensure that there is adequate emergency access. As noted previously, the Project generate fewer vehicle trips than the existing use and, therefore, would not result in additional delays to emergency vehicles traveling on roadways adjacent to the Project Site.

Therefore, operation of the Project is not expected to result in inadequate emergency access, and a less than significant construction impact would occur. No mitigation is required.

References
Covina, 2000. City of Covina, Covina General Plan Circulation Element, April 2000.

Covina, 2011. City of Covina, City of Covina Bicycle Master Plan, September 2011.

Covina, 2020. City of Covina, Transportation Study Guidelines for Vehicle Miles Traveled and Level of Service (LOS) Assessment, October 2020.

Covina, 2022. City of Covina Municipal Code, passed January 18, 2022, https://www.codepublishing.com/CA/Covina/, accessed April 2022.

LSA, 2021. LSA Associates, Inc., Public Storage Covina, California – Trip Generation Analysis, July 30, 2021.

ITE, 2021. Institute of Transportation Engineer’s Trip Generation Manual, 2021.

OPR, 2018. California Office of Planning and Research, Technical Advisory on Evaluating Transportation Impacts in CEQA, April 2018.

Page 491 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-105 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Tribal Cultural Resources
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XVIII. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES —
a) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a
site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is
geographically defined in terms of the size and scope
of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that
is:
i) Listed or eligible for listing in the California
Register of Historical Resources, or in a local
register of historical resources as defined in Public
Resources. Code Section 5020.1(k), or
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
ii) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its
discretion and supported by substantial evidence,
to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in
subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code
Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in
subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section
5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the
significance of the resource to a California Native
American tribe.
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
Discussion
Would the Project:
a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is:
i) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources. Code Section 5020.1(k), or
ii) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe.

Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated (ai-aii). The California NAHC maintains a confidential SLF, which contains records of sites of traditional, cultural, or religious value to the Native American community. The NAHC was contacted on December 3, 2021 to request a search of the SLF. The NAHC responded to the request in a letter January 27, 2022, with the results of the SLF search conducted by the NAHC indicated a positive search result. The

Page 492 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-106 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 NAHC indicated that the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation should be contacted for information regarding known and recorded sites. The City contacted the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation as part of AB 52 consultation for more information on the Project Site and vicinity.

Pursuant to the requirements of AB 52 requiring government-to-government consultation, the City, as the lead agency, sent consultation notification letters via certified mail to Native American groups geographically and culturally affiliated with the Project Site on October 5, 2021. The letters included a description of the Project, the description of the Project location, and a notification of the type of consultation being initiated. To date, the City has received one response from the Native American groups regarding consultation, the details of which are provided below.

As indicated above, only one response was received. The Gabrieleno Band of Mission IndiansKizh Nation has corresponded with City staff between October 7 and December 10, 2021. The Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians-Kizh Nation stated that the Project Site is located within the tribe’s traditional ancestral territory and requested formal government-to-government consultation. The Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians-Kizh Nation provided a map of the Kizh Nation Ancestral Tribal Territory. On November 30, 2022, representatives from the City and the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians-Kizh Nation met via a telephone conference. During the call, the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians-Kizh Nation provided their knowledge of the Project Site and the nearby village of Weniinga, and their concerns about the sensitivity of the Project. The Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians-Kizh Nation indicated that the Project Site is archaeologically sensitive, but did not identify any known tribal cultural resources (as defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074) within the Project Site. The Tribe recommended monitoring during construction.

Although no substantial evidence was provided to support the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians-Kizh Nation statement that any known sacred lands or tribal cultural resources overlap with or occur within the Project Site, the City’s review of the tribe’s information concluded that the Project Site has potentially high sensitivity for buried archaeological resources that, once encountered, could potentially be considered a tribal cultural resource as defined in PRC Sections 21074, 5020.1(k), or 5024.1.

Implementation of Mitigation Measure TCR-1 would avoid and/or substantially lessen the above impact by ensuring that any unanticipated tribal cultural resources are appropriately identified, documented, evaluated, and treated promptly, so they are not inadvertently damaged or destroyed.

Page 493 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-107 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 With implementation of Mitigation Measure TCR-1, the impact to any unanticipated tribal cultural resources would be less than significant.

Mitigation Measures
TCR-1: Prior to the commencement of any ground disturbing activity at the Project Site, the City shall retain a Native American Monitor approved by the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians –Kizh Nation – the tribe that consulted on this Project pursuant to AB 52 (Tribe, Consulting Tribe). The Tribal Monitor will only be present on-site during the construction phases that involve ground-disturbing activity. Ground disturbing activities are defined by the Tribe as activities that may include, but are not limited to, pavement removal, potholing, or auguring, grubbing, tree removals, boring, grading, excavation, drilling, and trenching within the Project Site. The on-site Tribal monitoring shall end when all ground-disturbing activities on the Project Site are completed, or when the Tribal representatives and Tribal Monitor have indicated that the Project Site has little to no potential for impacting tribal cultural resources.

Upon discovery of any tribal cultural resources, construction activities shall cease within 50-feet in the immediate vicinity of the find, until the find can be assessed. All tribal cultural resources unearthed by the Project shall be evaluated by the Tribal Monitor approved by the Consulting Tribe and the qualified archaeologist. If the resources are Native American in origin, the Consulting Tribe will retain it/them in the form and /or manner the Tribe deems appropriate, for education, cultural and/or historic purposes.

Work may continue in other parts of the Project Site while evaluation, and if necessary mitigation takes place. Preservation in place is the preferred manner of treatment. If preservation in place is not feasible, treatment may include implementation of archaeological data recovery excavation to remove the resources along with laboratory processing and analysis.

Page 494 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-108 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Utilities and Service Systems
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XIX. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS —
Would the project:
a) Require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or
storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or
telecommunications facilities, the construction or
relocation of which could cause significant
environmental effects?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future
development during normal, dry and multiple dry
years?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it
has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected
demand in addition to the provider’s existing
commitments?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
d) Generate solid waste in excess of State or local
standards, or in excess of the capacity of local
infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of
solid waste reduction goals?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
e) Comply with federal, state, and local management
and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
Discussion
Would the Project:
a) Require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects?
Less Than Significant Impact.

Water
Water service is provided to the Project Site through the CIC, which obtains water from the Main San Gabriel Groundwater Basin and from the San Gabriel River (Covina, 2022). The City’s water supply sources include purchased treated local groundwater and treated surface water from the CIC and imported surface water supplies from the Three Valleys Municipal Water District, which is water that is imported by the Metropolitan Water District (MWD) of Southern California (Covina, 2022).

During construction of the Project, there would be a temporary, intermittent demand for water for such activities as soil watering for site preparation, fugitive dust control, concrete preparation, cleanup, and other short-term activities. Construction-related water usage is not expected to have an adverse impact on available water supplies or the existing water distribution system.

Page 495 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-109 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 The Project would include the demolition of the existing 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building (i.e., electronic manufacturing) and the development of a 141,984 SF 3-story public self-storage building. Development of the Project would result in an increase in long-term water demand for operational uses, maintenance, and other activities on the Project Site. CalEEMod default water usage rates were used to estimate the water demand of the existing commercial use and the anticipated water demand of the Project (Appendix A, of this Draft IS/MND). The existing commercial use is estimated to consume approximately 12,792,800 million gallons per year (MGY) (or 39.26 acre feet [AF] per year) while the Project is estimated to consume approximately 33,144,826.20 MGY (or 101.72 AF per year), resulting in a net increase of 20,352,026.20 MGY (or 62.46 AF per year) of consumed water over existing conditions.

According to the City’s 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP), the reliable quantities of existing water supply in Year 2020 was 5,387 AF per year with projected water supply for Year 2025 is 5,607 AF per year (Covina, 2020). As estimated above, the Project would consume a net increase of approximately 62.46 AF per year which is approximately one percent of the CIC’s projected water supply for Year 2025 and would not significantly impact existing and future water service. Further, the Project would comply with CALGreen, which requires water-efficient appliances and fixtures, thereby ensuring efficient use of water at the Project Site. Lastly, the Project Applicant would be required to pay water connection fees. The CIC would use these fees, at least in part, to fund projects and programs necessary to meet the regulatory obligation with respect to treatment requirements, treatment capacity, and supply reliability. As such, the Project not require or result in the construction or expansion of water facilities. Impact would be less than significant in this regard. No mitigation is required.

Wastewater
Wastewater service is provided to the Project Site by the Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County (LACSD) (Covina, 2017). During construction of the Project, a negligible amount of wastewater would be generated by construction workers. It is anticipated that portable toilets would be provided by a private company and the waste disposed off-site. Wastewater generation from construction activities is not anticipated to cause a measurable increase in wastewater flows at a point where, and at a time when, a sewer’s capacity is already constrained or that would cause a sewer’s capacity to become constrained.

The Project would include the demolition of the existing 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building (i.e., electronic manufacturing) and the development of a 141,984 SF 3-story public self-storage building, resulting in an increase in wastewater generation. Wastewater generation on-site is estimated to be equivalent to indoor water demand. As such, the wastewater generation of the existing commercial use is estimated to be approximately 12,792,800 MGY (or 35,049 gallons per day [GPD]) while the Project is estimated to generate approximately 32,784,660 MGY (or 89,821 GPD) resulting in a net increase of 19,991,860 MGY (or 54,772 GPD) of wastewater over existing conditions (see Appendix A, of this Draft IS/MND. The Project would deliver sewage into the City’s sewer collection system, which is operated and maintained by the City’s Public Works Department and treated by LACSD. The water reclamation plants serving the City include the San Jose Creek Water Reclamation Plant (SJCWRP) and the Joint Water Pollution Control Plant. The SJCWRP has the capacity to provide tertiary treatment for approximately 100 million gallons per day (MGD) and serves an estimated population of one million persons (LACSD,

Page 496 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-110 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 2022a). The Joint Water Pollution Control Plant currently has the capacity to provide primary and secondary treatment for approximately 400 MGD of wastewater and serves an estimated population of 4.8 million persons (LACSD, 2022b). As such, based on the capacities of the SJCWRP and the Joint Water Pollution Control Plant, the wastewater generated by the Project would be negligible. As such, the Project would not exceed current capacities of the wastewater treatment system and would not significantly impact existing wastewater treatment systems such that new facilities would be required. Further, the Project Applicant would be required to pay sewer connection fees. The providers would use these fees, at least in part, to fund projects and programs necessary to meet their regulatory obligation with respect to treatment requirements and treatment capacity. As such, the Project not require or result in the construction or expansion of wastewater facilities. Impact would be less than significant in this regard. No mitigation is required.

Stormwater
Stormwater runoff is collected through existing inlets, catchment basins and underground storm drains that are maintained either privately or by the City (LARWQCB, 2014). Construction of the Project would result in ground surface disruption during typical construction activities such as demolition, site preparation, and grading and excavation. However, compliance with a projectspecific erosion and sediment control plan that is required per the City’s Stormwater Quality and Urban Runoff Control Ordinance would ensure that stormwater runoff is minimized during construction, the extent feasible. Further, consistent with the requirements of the LA County NPDES, a SWPPP would be prepared that incorporates BMPs set forth in the project specific erosion and sediment control plan that would ensure a less than significant impact would occur to stormwater drainage infrastructure during construction.

As discussed in Section X, Hydrology and Water Quality, the Project would be constructed to match the existing drainage conditions (DRC Engineering, 2021). The City would design and construct new facilities to capture and convey stormwater runoff and pollution in accordance with the existing LA County NPDES permits. Permits to connect to existing storm drainage systems would be required to obtain prior to construction. All drainage plans are subject to City review and approval. In accordance with the LA County NPDES and the City’s Stormwater Quality and Urban Runoff Control Ordinance, the Project Applicant would be required to prepare and comply with a Low Impact Development (LID) Plan. Compliance with the City’s Stormwater Quality and Urban Runoff Control Ordinance would reduce the peak volume of stormwater runoff discharged into the City’s storm drain system and would ensure that stormwater is retained on-site, to the extent feasible. As such, the Project would not require the construction or expansion of off-site stormwater drainage facilities. As such, impacts would be less than significant in this regard. No mitigation is required.

Electric Power
As discussed in Section VI, Energy, the Project would be serviced by SCE. The electricity used for construction activities would be temporary and minimal; it would be within the supply and infrastructure service capabilities of SCE and it would not require additional local or regional capacity. The Project Site would connect to the existing power grid. New electrical connections to

Page 497 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-111 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 the Project Site would be install via undergrounded lines. Although the Project would require new electrical line tie-ins for service, Project implementation would not result in the need for new electrical substations or electrical generating facilities. SCE conditions of approval would apply to the Project. As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard. No mitigation is required.

Natural Gas
As discussed in Section VI, Energy, the Project would not use natural gas or be connected to the natural gas system. As such, no impact would occur in this regard.

Telecommunication Facilities
The City is supported by telecommunication services from a variety of providers. Spectrum provides residential and business services throughout the City. Fiber optic cables and high-speed connection services from wireless providers such as Spectrum are available to service the Project Site. The Project Site would be required to comply with all federal, State and local regulations for installation and wiring of telecommunications to the Project. With adherence to existing City and State electrical, building and safety code requirements, Project implementation would have a less than significant impact. No mitigation is required.
b) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the Project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and multiple dry years? Less Than Significant Impact. As discussed in Section XIX(a), water service is provided to the Project Site through the CIC, which obtains water from the Main San Gabriel Groundwater Basin and from the San Gabriel River (Covina, 2022). The City’s water supply sources include purchased treated local groundwater and treated surface water from the CIC and imported surface water supplies from the Three Valleys Municipal Water District, which is water that is imported by the MWD of Southern California (Covina, 2022). The existing commercial use is estimated to consume approximately 12,792,800 million gallons per year (MGY) (or 39.26 acre feet [AF] per year) while the Project is estimated to consume approximately 33,144,826.20 MGY (or 101.72 AF per year), resulting in a net increase of 20,352,026.20 MGY (or 62.46 AF per year) of consumed water over existing conditions. According to the City’s 2020 UWMP, the reliable quantities of projected normal year water supply for Year 2025 is 5,607 AF per year. The projected single dry year water supply for Year 2025 is 5,460 AF per year. The projected multiple dry year for Year 2025 is 5,908 AF per year for the first year, 6,322 AF per year for the second year, 6,304 AF per year for the third year, 5,615 AF per year for the fourth year, and 4,821 AF per year for the fifth year (Covina, 2020). As such, the estimated water consumption of the Project would be within the CIC’s future projected water supply for normal, dry, and multiple dry years. Further, the Project would comply with CALGreen, which requires water-efficient appliances and fixtures, thereby ensuring efficient use of water at the Project Site. Lastly, the Project Applicant would be required to pay water connection fees. The CIC would use these fees, at least in part, to fund projects and programs necessary to meet the regulatory obligation with respect to treatment requirements, treatment capacity, and supply reliability. As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard. No mitigation is required. No mitigation is required.

Page 498 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-112 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the Project that it has adequate capacity to serve the Project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? Less Than Significant Impact. As discussed in Section XIX(b), the Project would deliver sewage into the City’s sewer collection system, which is operated and maintained by the City’s Public Works Department and treated by LACSD. The water reclamation plants serving the City include SJCWRP and the Joint Water Pollution Control Plant. The SJCWRP has the capacity to provide tertiary treatment for approximately 100 MGD (LACSD, 2022a). The Joint Water Pollution Control Plant currently has the capacity to provide primary and secondary treatment for approximately 400 MGD of wastewater (LACSD, 2022b). The wastewater generation of the existing commercial use is estimated to be approximately 12,792,800 MGY (or 35,049 gallons per day [GPD]) while the Project is estimated to generate approximately 32,784,660 MGY (or 89,821 GPD) resulting in a net increase of 19,991,860 MGY (or 54,772 GPD) of wastewater over existing conditions. As such, based on the capacities of the SJCWRP and the Joint Water Pollution Control Plant, wastewater generated by the Project would be minimal and would not exceed current capacities of these wastewater plants. As such, impacts would be less than significant in this regard. No mitigation is required.
d) Generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals?
Less than Significant Impact. Demolition of the Project would include removal of 55,321 SF of the existing 2-story commercial building and the existing pavement and base materials in the parking lot. The City’s Construction and Demolition Debris Management Program requires 75 percent of all construction waste materials be recycled. The City maintains an exclusive franchise agreement with Athens Services to carry out the City’s Construction and Demolition Diversion Program for construction contractor (Covina, 2022b). The City’s requirement of 75 percent construction waste diversion rate would reduce solid waste from construction associated with the Project. The remaining 25 percent of construction materials that are not required to be recycled would either be disposed of or voluntarily recycled at a solid waste facility with available capacity. Any hazardous wastes that are generated during construction activities would be managed and disposed of in compliance with all applicable federal, State, and local laws.

The Project’s estimated solid waste generated during operation would result from the 900 SF of office use. Customers of Public Storage would be required to dispose of their own waste off-site and the trash enclosure to be located in the rear of the proposed building in the southeastern portion of the Project Site would be locked. CalEEMod default solid waste rates were used to estimate the amount of solid waste generated as a result of the existing commercial use and the anticipated solid waste generation of the Project (Appendix A, of this Draft IS/MND). The existing commercial use is estimated to generate approximately 68.6 tons of solid waste per year while the Project is estimated to generate approximately 0.84 tons of solid waste annually, resulting in a net decrease of 67.76 tons of solid waste generated annually over existing conditions. As discussed above, solid waste generated by the Project would be collected by

Page 499 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-113 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Athens Services and transported to a local or regional landfill. Athens Services uses regional landfills in both Los Angeles County and San Bernardino County to dispose of waste from its collection, transfer, and disposal services. The Los Angeles County landfills have an estimated remaining permitted capacity of 142.67 million tons (County of Los Angeles, 2020). The remaining life of Los Angeles County landfills ranges from approximately 8 years for the Pebbly Beach Landfill to 35 years for the Savage Canyon Landfills (County of Los Angeles, 2020). San Bernardino County landfills have an estimated remaining capacity of 164,209,140 tons (County of San Bernardino, 2018). The remaining life of the San Bernardino County landfills is approximately 15 years (County of San Bernardino, 2018). Solid waste generated by the Project each year would be negligible relative to the remaining permitted capacity of both County landfills. As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard. No mitigation is required.
e) Comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste?
Less than Significant Impact. All local governments, including the City, are required under Assembly Bill 939 (AB 939), the Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989, to develop source reduction, reuse, recycling, and composting programs to reduce tonnage of solid waste going to landfills. The Project would be required to comply with all local, state, and federal requirements for integrated waste management (i.e., recycling, green waste) and solid waste disposal.

Specifically, the Project would be required to comply with the City’s Recycling and Waste Handling Requirement for construction and demolition debris, which requires at least 75 percent of all building and demolition materials to be recycled (Covina, 2022a). As discussed above, Athens Services currently transports all of the City’s residential and commercial recycling to a material recovery facility (MRF), where recyclable materials are sorted, and recyclables are separated and processed (Covina, 2022b). As a result, the Project, which would be served by Athens Services, would be in compliance with applicable laws for recycling and disposal of solid waste. As such, a less than significant impact would occur in this regard. No mitigation is required.

References
County of Los Angeles, 2020. Los Angeles County Public Works, County of Los Angeles Countywide Integrated Waste Management Plan, 2020 Annual Report, dated October 2021.

County of San Bernardino, 2018. County of San Bernardino Solid Waste Management Division, County of San Bernardino Countywide Siting Element, Countywide Integrated Waste Management Plan, amended 2018.

Covina, 2020. City of Covina, 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, May 2021.

Covina, 2022a. City of Covina Website, Construction & Demolition Debris Management, https://covinaca.gov/publicworks/page/construction-demolition-debris-management, accessed April 2022.

Page 500 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-114 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Covina, 2022b. City of Covina Website, Construction & Demolition Debris Management Program, Background and Reference,
https://covinaca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/public_works/page/579/background_ and_reference.pdf, accessed May 2022.

DRC Engineering, 2021. Preliminary Hydrology Study for Public Storage.

LACSD, 2022a. San Jose Creek Water Reclamation Plant website, https://www.lacsd.org/services/wastewater-sewage/facilities/san-jose-creek-waterreclamationplant#:~:text=The%20facility%20currently%20has%20a,some%20of%20the%20attached %20documents., accessed April 2022.

LACSD, 2022b. Joint Water Pollution Control Plan (JWPCP) website, https://www.lacsd.org/services/wastewater-sewage/facilities/joint-water-pollution-controlplant, accessed April 2022.

LARWQCB, 2014. Los Angeles County Regional Water Quality Control Board (LARWQCB) Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) 2014.

Page 501 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-115 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Wildfire
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XX. WILDFIRE — If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard
severity zones, would the project:
a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response
plan or emergency evacuation plan?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors,
exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project
occupants to, pollutant concentrations from a wildfire
or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency
water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
d) Expose people or structures to significant risks,
including downslope or downstream flooding or
landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope
instability, or drainage changes?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Discussion
Would the Project:
a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose Project occupants to, pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire?
c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment?
d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes?
No Impact (a-d). The CAL FIRE maps FHSZs, based on factors such as fuel, slope, and fire weather to identify the degree of fire hazard throughout California (i.e., moderate, high, or very high). While FHSZs do not predict when or where a wildfire will occur, they do identify areas where wildfire hazards could be more severe and therefore are of greater concern. The Project Site is not designated as a State Responsibility Area nor is the Project Site near a State Responsibility Area (CAL FIRE, 2020). According to the CAL FIRE, Covina Fire Hazards Severity Zone Map for the Local Responsible Areas (LRAs), the Project Site is designated as a non-Very High FHSZ (CAL FIRE, 2020). The Project Site is outside of areas identified by CAL FIRE as having substantial or very high risk (CAL FIRE, 2020). Further, the Project Site is

Page 502 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-116 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 located in a highly urbanized area of the City predominately developed with residential, commercial, and school uses. The Project Site is currently developed with an approximately 55,321 SF 2-story commercial building occupied by “TT Electronics Power Solutions” which is used for electronics manufacturing. The remainder of the Project Site consists of asphalt-paved surface parking lots and ornamental landscaped areas. No increase of wildfire hazard is expected as a result of the Project. Therefore, no impacts would occur in this regard.

References
CAL FIRE, 2020. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, California Fire Hazard Severity Zone Viewer. [online]: https://egis.fire.ca.gov/FHSZ/, accessed May 2022.

Covina, 2000. City of Covina’s General Plan, Safety Element, adopted April 18, 2000.

Page 503 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-117 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Mandatory Findings of Significance
Issues (and Supporting Information Sources):

Potentially
Significant
Impact
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation
Incorporated
Less Than
Significant
Impact No Impact
XXI. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE —
a) Does the project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially
reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal
community, substantially reduce the number or restrict
the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or
eliminate important examples of the major periods of
California history or prehistory?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
b) Does the project have impacts that are individually
limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively
considerable” means that the incremental effects of a
project are considerable when viewed in connection
with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future
projects)?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
c) Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings,
either directly or indirectly?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
Discussion
a) Does the Project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory?
Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated. Based on geotechnical testing conducted for the Project Site, artificial fill is known to extend from the Project Site’s surface to a depth of 6 feet below ground surface, and the fill is underlain by Quaternary alluvium. As such, the archaeological sensitivity assessment indicates Project-related ground disturbing activities from the Project Site’s surface to a depth 6 feet below ground surface (bgs) have no potential for encountering intact archaeological deposits (based on the previous disturbances in the Project Site), and the likelihood for encountering intact archaeological deposits below 6 feet bgs within the Quaternary alluvium is low to moderate. The Project’s proposed ground disturbance would extend to a maximum depth of 10 feet bgs, intruding into the Quaternary alluvium. Therefore, there is some potential, albeit low to moderate, for Project-related ground disturbance to encounter intact subsurface archaeological deposits underlying the artificial fill below depths of 6 feet bgs. Should subsurface archaeological deposits be encountered during Project implementation, they may qualify as historical resources pursuant to CEQA and could be subject to significant impacts. With the incorporation of Mitigation Measures CUL-1 through CUL-3, potential impacts to subsurface archaeological deposits that qualify as historical resources would be less than significant.

Page 504 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-118 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 The construction activities within the Project Site would include the excavation of soil or removal of groundwater (dewatering). Construction of the Project involve the excavation of soils or extraction of groundwater from a site with existing contamination, and the contaminated materials are improperly handled, it could expose construction workers, the public, and the environment to hazardous materials. This would be a potentially significant impact. There are numerous regulations covering the transportation, use, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials during construction activities. The required compliance with these regulations would reduce the exposure to hazardous materials. However, in order to ensure Project excavation would not encounter existing contamination and inadvertently expose construction personnel, the public, or the environment, the Project Applicant shall implement Mitigation Measures HAZ-1 through HAZ-3.

57.2 dBA Leq). As stated above, the City’s General Plan Noise Element Policy Area 1 requires noise-reduction techniques and features in site planning, architectural design, project landscaping, building materials, and/or construction, where necessary or required by law. Based on the Project construction noise levels and that such levels would exceed the prevailing ambient noise levels measured at the off-site sensitive receiver locations by a measurable margin, a temporary mitigation measure requiring the use of construction noise barriers with sufficient height to block the line-ofsight between the Project construction area and adjacent sensitive receiver, are recommended during certain phases of Project construction. Therefore, on-site construction near Project’s northern and southern areas is recommended to be shielded by a temporary construction noise barrier that can reduce the construction noise by up to 10 dBA. This temporary construction noise barrier is required to be at a minimum 8 feet in height above the ground surface and of sufficient height to block the line-of-sight from the Project’s construction area and the off-site noisesensitive receptors. With incorporation of Mitigation Measure NOI-1, a temporary construction noise barrier up to 8 feet above ground would be installed on the Project Site in the direction facing the off-site residences located along East Cypress Street to the north of the Project Site and the residences located to the south of the Project Site. which would reduce the construction noise increase in ambient noise levels by up to 10 dBA. Temporary construction noise impacts would be less than significant.

Should any unanticipated prehistoric archaeological resources discovered during ground disturbance be determined to be tribal cultural resources through consultation between the City and California Native American tribes, PRC Section 21084.3 would apply. PRC Section 21084. requires consideration of avoidance and preservation, as well as mitigation measures outlined in PRC Section 21084.3 (b)(1)-(4), to avoid or minimize significant adverse impacts to tribal cultural resources. Implementation of Mitigation Measure TCR-1 would avoid and/or substantially lessen the above impact by ensuring that any unanticipated tribal cultural resources are appropriately identified, documented, evaluated, and treated promptly, so they are not inadvertently damaged or destroyed. With implementation of Mitigation Measure TCR-1, the impact to any unanticipated tribal cultural resources would be less than significant.

Page 505 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-119 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Mitigation Measures
Refer to Mitigation Measure CUL-1 through CUL-4, HAZ-1 through HAZ-3, NOI-1, and TCR-1.
b) Does the Project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects)? Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated. A cumulative impact could occur if the Project would result in an incrementally considerable contribution to a significant cumulative impact in consideration of the past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future projects for each resource area. The cumulative study area is generally confined to the nearby vicinity of the Project Site. Per the City’s List of Development Projects, revised May 11, 2022, three cumulative projects are located within one mile of the Project Site: the Wingate Park Regional EWMP Project, located approximately 0.10 miles southwest of the Project Site; the Cienega Gardens, LLS residential project, located approximately 0.63 miles northeast of the Project Site; and the Masonic Homes project, located approximately 0.80 miles southeast of the Project Site.

As described throughout this Draft IS/MND, the Project would result in potentially significant impacts involving cultural resources, hazards and hazardous materials, noise, and tribal cultural resources. However, Mitigation Measures CUL-1 through CUL-4, HAZ-1 through HAZ-3, NOI-1, and TCR-1 have been identified that would reduce these impacts to less than significant levels. Further, the Air Quality analysis in Section III, of this Draft IS/MND, considers cumulative impacts and has determined that cumulative air impacts would be less than significant with no mitigation required. All past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future projects in the City would be subject to the same land use and environmental regulations that have been described throughout this Draft IS/MND. Further, all development projects are guided by the policies identified in the City’s General Plan and by the regulations established in the City’s Municipal Code. Therefore, compliance with applicable land use and environmental regulations would ensure that environmental effects associated with the Project would not combine with effects from past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future projects in the City to cause cumulatively considerable significant impacts. As such, with implementation of Mitigation Measures CUL-1 through CUL-4, HAZ-1 through HAZ-3, NOI-1, and TCR-1, the Project would not have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable and a less than significant impact would occur.

Mitigation Measures
Refer to Mitigation Measure CUL-1 through CUL-4, HAZ-1 through HAZ-3, NOI-1, and TCR-1.

Page 506 of 1828 ends

3. Initial Study/Environmental Checklist
City of Covina Public Storage Project 3-120 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 c) Does the Project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated. Based on the analysis of the Project’s impacts in Sections I through XX, there is no indication that implementation of the Project could result in substantial adverse effects on human beings. While there would be a variety of effects related to cultural resources, hazards and hazardous materials, noise, and tribal cultural resources, these impacts would be less than significant with mitigation incorporated, as necessary. The analysis herein concludes that direct and indirect environmental effects will, at most, require mitigation to reduce potentially significant impacts to less than significant levels.

Generally, environmental effects will result in less than significant impacts. Based on the analysis in this Draft IS/MND, the City finds that direct and indirect impacts to human beings will be less than significant with mitigation incorporated, as necessary.

Mitigation Measures
Refer to Mitigation Measure CUL-1 through CUL-4, HAZ-1 through HAZ-3, NOI-1, and TCR-1.

References
City of Covina, List of Development Projects, Revised May 11, 2022.

Page 507 of 1828 ends

City of Covina Public Storage Project 4-1 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 SECTION 4
Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program

4.1 CEQA Requirements
Table 4-1 is a Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program (MMRP) for the Project, which has been prepared pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15097 and Public Resources Code Section 21081.6. This MMRP lists all applicable mitigation measures from the IS/MND. The appropriate timing of implementation and responsible party are identified to ensure proper enforcement of the mitigation measures from the IS/MND to reduce Project impacts to less than significant levels. Mitigation measures are presented in the same order as they occur in the IS/MND.

The columns in the MMRP table provide the following information:
• Mitigation Measure(s): The action(s) that will be taken to reduce the impact to a less than significant level.
• Implementation Action: The action(s) listed out, according to the identified mitigation measure that would be implemented by the responsible agency. • Responsible Implementation Agency: The agency or private entity responsible for ensuring implementation of the mitigation measure. For the Project, the City of Covina, as the CEQA Lead Agency, remains responsible for ensuring that implementation of the mitigation measures occur in accordance with the MMRP (CEQA Guidelines Section 15097(a)). • Timing of Verification: The general timing for implementing each mitigation measure. • Verification Date: The date in which the mitigation measure has been completed.

The MMRP will be kept on file at the following address:

City of Covina, Community Development Department
125 E. College Avenue
Covina CA 91723

Page 508 of 1828 ends

4. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
City of Covina Public Storage Project 4-2 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TABLE 4-1

MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF COVINA PUBLIC STORAGE PROJECT Mitigation Measure Implementation Action
Responsible
Implementation
Agency/Party Timing Verification
Cultural Resources
Mitigation Measure CUL-1: Prior to the start of grounddisturbing activities, the Project Applicant shall retain a qualified archaeologist meeting the Secretary of the
Interior’s Professional Qualifications Standards for
archaeology (U.S. Department of the Interior, 2012) to carry out Mitigation Measures CUL-2 and CUL-3.

Prior to the start of ground disturbing activities,
the Project Applicant shall retain a qualified
archaeologist.

Project Applicant
Qualified Archaeologist
Prior to the start of ground
disturbing activities
Mitigation Measure CUL-2: Prior to the start of grounddisturbing activities, construction personnel shall be trained in the identification of cultural resources. Prior to earth moving activities, the qualified archaeologist shall conduct cultural resources sensitivity training for all construction personnel. Construction personnel shall be informed of the types of archaeological resources that may be
encountered, and of the proper procedures be to enacted in the event of an inadvertent discovery of archaeological resources or human remains. The Project Applicant shall ensure that construction personnel are made available for and attend the training and retain documentation
demonstrating attendance
Prior to the start of ground-disturbing activities,
construction personnel shall be trained in the
identification of cultural resources.

Prior to earth moving activities, the qualified
archaeologist shall conduct cultural resources
sensitivity training for all construction personnel.

Project Applicant
Qualified Archaeologist
Project Contractor
Prior to the start of ground
disturbing activities
Mitigation Measure CUL-3: In the event of the
unanticipated discovery of archaeological materials, the Project Contractor(s) shall immediately cease all work
activities in the area (within approximately 100 feet) of the discovery until it can be evaluated by a qualified
archaeologist. Prehistoric archaeological materials might include obsidian and chert flaked-stone tools (e.g.,
projectile points, knives, scrapers) or tool-making debris; culturally darkened soil (“midden”) containing heat-affected rocks, artifacts, or shellfish remains; and stone milling equipment (e.g., mortars, pestles, handstones, or milling slabs); and battered stone tools, such as hammerstones
and pitted stones. Historic-period materials might include stone or concrete footings and walls; filled wells or privies; and deposits of metal, glass, and/or ceramic refuse.

In the event of the unanticipated discovery of
archaeological materials, the Project
Contractor(s) shall immediately cease all work
activities in the area (within approximately 100
feet) of the discovery until it can be evaluated by
a qualified archaeologist.

If an archaeological resource is identified as a
result of the survey, the qualified archaeologist
will prepare and conduct a testing program to
delineate the resource’s boundaries and identify
presence/absence of subsurface deposits.

Project Contractor(s)
Qualified Archaeologist
During grading and/or
construction.

Page 509 of 1828 ends

4. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
City of Covina Public Storage Project 4-3 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TABLE 4-1

MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF COVINA PUBLIC STORAGE PROJECT Mitigation Measure Implementation Action
Responsible
Implementation
Agency/Party Timing Verification
Construction shall not resume until the qualified
archaeologist has conferred with the City on the
significance of the resource.

If it is determined that the discovered archaeological
resource constitutes a historical resource under CEQA,
avoidance and preservation in place is the preferred
manner of mitigation. Preservation in place maintains the important relationship between artifacts and their
archaeological context and also serves to avoid conflict with traditional and religious values of groups who may ascribe meaning to the resource. Preservation in place may be accomplished by, but is not limited to, avoidance,
incorporating the resource into open space, capping, or deeding the site into a permanent conservation easement.

In the event that preservation in place is demonstrated to be infeasible and data recovery through excavation is the only feasible mitigation available, an Archaeological
Resources Data Recovery and Treatment Plan shall be
prepared and implemented by a qualified archaeologist in consultation with the City and the Project Applicant that provides for the adequate recovery of the scientifically consequential information contained in the archaeological resource. The City shall consult with appropriate Native American representatives in determining treatment for
prehistoric or Native American resources to ensure cultural values ascribed to the resource, beyond that which is
scientifically important, are considered

Page 510 of 1828 ends

4. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
City of Covina Public Storage Project 4-4 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TABLE 4-1

MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF COVINA PUBLIC STORAGE PROJECT Mitigation Measure Implementation Action
Responsible
Implementation
Agency/Party Timing Verification
Mitigation Measure CUL-4: If human remains are
encountered, the Project Contractor(s) shall halt work in the vicinity (within 100 feet) of the find and contact the Los Angeles County Coroner in accordance with PRC Section
5097.98 and Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5. If the County Coroner determines that the remains are Native
American, the California Native American Heritage
Commission (NAHC) will be notified in accordance with
Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5, subdivision (c), and PRC Section 5097.98 (as amended by Assembly Bill
2641). The NAHC will designate a Most Likely Descendent (MLD) for the remains per PRC Section 5097.98. Until the landowner has conferred with the MLD, the Project
Contractor(s) shall ensure that the immediate vicinity where the discovery occurred is not disturbed by further activity, is adequately protected according to generally accepted
cultural or archaeological standards or practices, and that further activities take into account the possibility of multiple burials.

If human remains are encountered, the
contractor should halt work in the vicinity (within
100 feet) of the find and contact the Los Angeles
County Coroner in accordance with PRC Section
5097.98 and Health and Safety Code Section
7050.5. If the County Coroner determines that
the remains are Native American, the California
Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC)
will be notified in accordance with Health and
Safety Code Section 7050.5, subdivision (c), and
PRC Section 5097.98 (as amended by Assembly
Bill 2641). The NAHC will designate a Most Likely
Descendent (MLD) for the remains per PRC
Section 5097.98.

Qualified Archaeologist
Project Contractor
Prior to and during grading
and/or construction.

Hazards and Hazardous Materials
Mitigation Measure HAZ-1: Soil Vapor Sampling: Prior
to start of ground-disturbing activities, including grading, trenching, or excavation, or structure demolition, a soil vapor sampling shall be performed to determine the extent of the vapor encroachment condition that exists at the
Project Site. The results of the soil vapor sampling shall be submitted to the local overseeing agency and any required remediation or further delineation of identified
contamination shall be completed prior to commencement
of construction.

Soil vapor sampling shall be performed to
determine the extent of the vapor encroachment
condition that exists at the Project Site
Project Applicant
City of Covina
Prior to start of grounddisturbing activities, including grading, trenching, or
excavation, or structure
demolition

Page 511 of 1828 ends

4. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
City of Covina Public Storage Project 4-5 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TABLE 4-1

Prior to the start of ground-disturbing activities, including grading, trenching, or excavation, or structure demolition, the Project Applicant shall require that the Project
Contractor(s) retain a qualified professional to prepare a site-specific health and safety plan (HASP) in accordance with federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations (29 CFR 1910.120) and California Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations (8 CCR
Section 5192).

The HASP shall be implemented by the Project
Contractor(s) to protect construction workers, the public, and the environment during all ground-disturbing and
structure demolition activities. The HASP shall include designation of a site health and safety officer, a summary of the anticipated risks, a description of personal protective equipment and decontamination procedures, and
procedures to follow if evidence of potential soil or
groundwater contamination is encountered.

Project Applicant for the specific work proposed
shall require that the construction contractor(s)
retain a qualified professional to prepare a sitespecific health and safety plan (HASP).

Project Contractor
Qualified Professional to
prepare HASP
Before the start of grounddisturbing activities, including grading, trenching, or
excavation, or structure
demolition.

HAZ-3: Soil Management Plan: In support of the HASP
described in HAZ-2, the Project Applicant shall require that the Project Contractor(s) develop and implement a Soil
Management Plan (SMP) for the management of potentially contaminated soil before any ground-disturbing activity.

The SGMP shall describe the hazardous materials that may be encountered, the roles and responsibilities of on-site workers and supervisors, training for site workers focused on the recognition of and response to encountering
hazardous materials, and protocols for the materials (soil) testing, handling, removing, transporting, and disposing of all excavated materials in a safe, appropriate, and lawful manner.

The Project Applicants shall require that its
contractor(s) develop and implement a Soil
Management Plan (SMP).

Project Contractor Before the start of grounddisturbing activities, including grading, trenching, or
excavation, or structure
demolition.

Page 512 of 1828 ends

4. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
City of Covina Public Storage Project 4-6 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TABLE 4-1

MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF COVINA PUBLIC STORAGE PROJECT Mitigation Measure Implementation Action
Responsible
Implementation
Agency/Party Timing Verification
Noise
Mitigation Measure NO-1: Prior to the start of
grading/excavation on the project site and last until
foundation/concrete pour is completed, temporary
construction noise barriers shall be installed along the Project’s northern and southern boundary, where noisesensitive residential receptors are located along E Cypress Street to the north and the railroad tracks to the south. This temporary construction noise barrier is required to have a minimum height of 8 feet above ground and shall block the line-of-sight between the construction area and then off-site noise-sensitive receptors.

Temporary construction noise barriers shall be
installed along the Project’s northern and
southern boundary, where noise-sensitive
residential receptors are located along E Cypress
Street to the north and the railroad tracks to the
south.

Project Applicant
Project Contractor
Prior to the start of
grading/excavation on the
project site and last until
foundation/concrete pour is
completed
Tribal Cultural Resources
Mitigation Measure TCR-1: Prior to the commencement of
any ground disturbing activity at the Project Site, the City shall retain a Native American Monitor approved by the
Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians –Kizh Nation – the
tribe that consulted on this Project pursuant to AB 52
(Tribe, Consulting Tribe). The Tribal Monitor will only be present on-site during the construction phases that involve ground-disturbing activity. Ground disturbing activities are defined by the Tribe as activities that may include, but are not limited to, pavement removal, potholing, or auguring, grubbing, tree removals, boring, grading, excavation,
drilling, and trenching within the Project Site. The on-site Tribal monitoring shall end when all ground-disturbing
activities on the Project Site are completed, or when the Tribal representatives and Tribal Monitor have indicated that the Project Site has little to no potential for impacting tribal cultural resources.

Upon discovery of any tribal cultural resources,
construction activities shall cease within 50-feet in the immediate vicinity of the find, until the find can be
assessed. All tribal cultural resources unearthed by the Project shall be evaluated by the Tribal Monitor approved by the Consulting Tribe and the qualified archaeologist. If Prior to the commencement of any ground
disturbing activity at the Project Site, the City
shall retain a Native American Monitor approved
by the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians –Kizh
Nation. The Tribal Monitor will only be present
on-site during the construction phases that
involve ground-disturbing activity.

Upon discovery of any tribal cultural resources,
construction activities shall cease within 50-feet
in the immediate vicinity of the find, until the find
can be assessed.

City of Covina
Tribal Monitor approved by
the Consulting Tribe and the
qualified archaeologist
Prior to the commencement
of any ground disturbing
activity

Page 513 of 1828 ends

4. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
City of Covina Public Storage Project 4-7 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 TABLE 4-1

MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF COVINA PUBLIC STORAGE PROJECT Mitigation Measure Implementation Action
Responsible
Implementation
Agency/Party Timing Verification
the resources are Native American in origin, the Consulting Tribe will retain it/them in the form and /or manner the Tribe deems appropriate, for education, cultural and/or historic purposes. Work may continue in other parts of the Project Site while evaluation, and if necessary mitigation takes place. Preservation in place is the preferred manner of treatment. If preservation in place is not feasible, treatment may include implementation of archaeological data
recovery excavation to remove the resources along with
laboratory processing and analysis.

Page 514 of 1828 ends

4. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
City of Covina Public Storage Project 4-8 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 This page intentionally left blank

Page 515 of 1828 ends

City of Covina Public Storage Project 5-1 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 SECTION 5
Preparers and Acronyms

5.1 Preparers

5.1.1 Lead Agency
City of Covina, Community Development Department
125 E. College Avenue, Covina, CA 91723
• Mercenia Lugo, Senior Planner

5.1.2 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration Preparation ESA
80 South Lake Avenue
Pasadena, CA 91101
• Ruta K. Thomas, Senior Vice President/Southern CA Regional Director (Project Director) • Brian Allee, Managing Associate (Project Manager)
• Alan Sako, Director (Air Quality, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy, Noise) • Tony Chung, Principal Associate (Noise)
• Victoria Hsu, Air Quality and Acoustical Analyst (Air Quality, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy)
• Jonathan Chen, Air Quality and Acoustical Analyst (Noise) • Scott Holbrook, Principal Ecologist (Biological Resources) • Mary Cozy, Biologist (Biological Resources)
• Michael Vader, Cultural Resources Specialists (Cultural Resources) • Fatima Clark, Cultural Resources Specialist (Cultural Resources) • Brandon Carroll, Environmental Scientist (Hazards and Hazardous Materials) • Stephanie Breeden, Senior Managing Associate (Hydrology and Water Quality) • Claudia Watts, Managing Associated (Aesthetics, Geology and Soils, Utilities) • Shadde Rosenblum, Senior Technical Associate (Transportation) • Stephan Geissler, Managing Associate (GIS/Graphics)
• Denise Kaneshiro, Senior Graphic Designer (Graphics)

Page 516 of 1828 ends

5. Preparers and Acronyms
City of Covina Public Storage Project 5-2 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022

5.1.3 Technical Subconsultant
Apex Companies, LLC
1962 Freeman Avenue
Signal Hill, CA 90755
• Shannon Gillespie, Program Manager, Health, Safety, and Environmental Services DRC Engineering, Inc.
160 S. Old Springs Road, Suite 210
Anaheim, CA 92808
• Christopher McKee, P.E.

Giles Engineering Associates, Inc.
1965 North Main Street
Orange, CA 92865
• John L. Maier, P.E., G.E., Branch Manager
• Terry L. Giles, P.E.., G.E., President and CEO
LSA
20 Executive Park, Suite 200
Irvine, CA 92614
• Ken Wilhelm

5.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations
Acronym/Abbreviation Definition
AB Assembly Bill
ACM Asbestos-Containing Material
ADT Average Daily Trips
AF Acre Feet
AQMP Air Quality Management Plan
BACT Best Available Control Technology
BMPs Best Management Practices
CAAQS California Ambient Air Quality Standards
CBC California Building Code
CalEEMod California Emissions Estimator Model
Cal Fire California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection CAPCOA California Air Pollution Control Officers Association CARB California Air Resources Board
CCR California Code of Regulations
CDFW California Department of Fish and Wildlife

Page 517 of 1828 ends

5. Preparers and Acronyms
City of Covina Public Storage Project 5-3 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Acronym/Abbreviation Definition
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CFC California Fire Code
CGS California Geological Survey
CH4 Methane
CIC Covina Irrigating Company
City City of Covina
CNEL Community Noise Level Equivalent
CO Carbon Monoxide
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
CO2e Carbon Dioxide Equivalents
COUSD Charter Oak Unified School District
County County of Los Angeles
CPD Covina Police Department
CPL Covina Public Library
CUPA Certified Unified Program Agency
CVUSD Covina Valley Unified School District
CWA Clean Water Act
DB Decibels
dBA A-weighted Sound Pressure Level
DBH Diameter at Breast Height
DPM Diesel Particulate Matter
DTSC California Department of Toxic Substances Control
EIR Environmental Impact Report
FHSZ Fire Hazard Severity Zone
FRAP Fire and Resource Assessment Program
FTA Federal Transportation Administration
GHG Greenhouse Gas Emissions
GI General Industrial
GVW Gross Vehicle Weight
GWP Global Warming Potential
HABS Historic American Buildings Survey
HASP Health and Safety Plan
HFCs Hydrofluorocarbons
HMBPs Hazardous Materials Business Plans
HRA Health Risk Assessment
HVAC Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditions
I- Interstate
IN/SEC Inches per Second
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IS/MND Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers

Page 518 of 1828 ends

5. Preparers and Acronyms
City of Covina Public Storage Project 5-4 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Acronym/Abbreviation Definition
LACFD Los Angeles County Fire Department
LACSD Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County
LARWQCB Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board LBP Lead-Based Paint
Ldn Average Equivalent Sound Level Over a 24 Hour Period LID Low Impact Development
LOS Level of Service
LRA Local Responsibility Area
LST Localized Significant Threshold
LUST Leaking Underground Storage Tank
MGD Million Gallons Per Day
MGY Million Gallons Per Year
MMT Million Metric Ton
MND Mitigated Negative Declaration
MRF Material Recovery Facility
MRZ Mineral Resource Zone
MS4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System
MT Metric Ton
MTCO2e Metric Ton CO2 Equivalents
MWD Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
mWH/yr Megawatt-hours
NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards
NAHC Native American Heritage Commission
ND Negative Declaration
NOX Oxides of Nitrogen
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide
N2O Nitrous Oxide
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
O3 Ozone
OEHHA Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
OPR Office of Planning and Research
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PCBs Polychlorinated Biphenyls
PCD Planned Community Development
PFCs Perfluorocarbons
PM Particulate Matter
PM2.5 Particulate matter, aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less PM10 Particulate matter, aerodynamic diameter of 10 micrometers or less PPM Parts per million
PPV Peak Particle Velocity
Qa Quaternary Alluvium

Page 519 of 1828 ends

5. Preparers and Acronyms
City of Covina Public Storage Project 5-5 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Acronym/Abbreviation Definition
RPS Renewables Portfolio Standards
RWQCB Regional Water Quality Control Board
RTP Regional Transportation Plan
SB Senate Bill
SCAB South Coast Air Basin
SCAG Southern California Association of Governments
SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District
SCCIC South Central Coast Information Center
SCE Southern California Edison
SCS Sustainable Communities Strategy
SF6 Sulfur Hexafluoride
SGVCOG San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments
SJCWRP San Jose Creek Water Reclamation Plant
SLF Sacred Lands File
SMP Soil Management Plan
SoCalGas Southern California Gas
SOX Sulfur Oxides
SO2 Sulfur Dioxide
SR- State Route
SRA Source Receptor Area
SWPPP Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan
SWRCB State Water Resources Control Board
TACs Toxic Air Contaminants
TC-C Town Center Commercial
TeNS Technical Noise Supplement
USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
USDOT U.S. Department of Transportation
USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
UWMP Urban Water Management Plan
VdB Vibratory Decibel
VHFHSZ Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone
VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled
VOC Volatile Organic Compounds
WDR Waste Discharge Requirement

Page 520 of 1828 ends

5. Preparers and Acronyms
City of Covina Public Storage Project 5-6 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 This page intentionally left blank

Page 521 of 1828 ends

City of Covina Public Storage Project 6-1 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 SECTION 6
Introduction to the Response to Comments
The Response to Comments was prepared to respond to comments that were received on the Public Review Draft IS/MND. The Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration (Final IS/MND) consists of the Public Review Draft IS/MND and the Response to Comments (Section 6, Introduction to the Response to Comments). The Final IS/MND has been prepared in accordance with CEQA as amended (Public Resources Code Sec. 21000 et seq.) and CEQA Guidelines (California Administrative Code Section 15000 et seq.). Documents relating to this Final IS/MND were cited and incorporated. All documents are available for review at the City of Covina Planning Division located at 125 E. College Street, Covina, California 91723, and at https://www.covinaca.gov/pc/page/projects-under-review.

6.1 CEQA Requirements
Before the City may approve the Project, it must certify that the Final IS/MND: a) has been completed in compliance with CEQA; b) was presented to the City Council who reviewed and considered it prior to approval of the Project; and c) reflects the City’s independent judgement and analysis (CEQA Guidelines Sec. 15074(b)).

CEQA Guidelines Sec. 15074 states that prior to approving a project, the decision-making body of the lead agency shall consider the proposed mitigated negative declaration together with any comments received during the public review process. Therefore, the decision-making body will be considering the following documents that constitute the Final IS/MND prior to making a decision on the Project:
• The Public Review Draft IS/MND;
• The Response to Comments which includes:
– Comments and recommendations received on the Public Review Draft IS/MND; – A list of persons, organizations, and public agencies commenting on the Public Review Draft IS/MND; and
– The response of the Lead Agency to significant environmental points raised in the review and consultation process.

The Response to Comments for the Project presents the following section:
• Section 6: Introduction to the Response to Comments – This section includes an introduction to the Response to Comments and an overview of the CEQA process and requirements.

Page 522 of 1828 ends

6. Introduction to the Response to Comments
City of Covina Public Storage Project 6-2 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 No public comments were provided for the Project. As such, a section was not included to provide the persons, organizations, and public agencies commenting on the Public Review Draft IS/MND; the written comments received on the Public Review Draft IS/MND; and the written responses to each comment identified. Further, an Errata was not included in the Response to Comments as there were no revisions made to the Public Review Draft IS/MND.

6.2 CEQA Process

6.2.1 Public Participation Process
Notice of Intent of the Public Review Draft IS/MND
The Notice of Intent (NOI) of the Public Review Draft IS/MND was posted on Thursday, July 7, 2022, with the City Clerk and the State Clearinghouse. The Public Review Draft IS/MND was circulated for a 30-day public review until August 5, 2022. A 30-day public review period was provided in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Sec. 15105(b). The Public Review Draft IS/MND was circulated to state and local agencies and interested parties requesting a copy of the Public Review Draft IS/MND. The Public Review Draft IS/MND was made available to the public at the City of Covina Planning Division located at 125 E. College Street, Covina, California 91723 and at https://www.covinaca.gov/pc/page/projects-under-review.

6.2.2 Evaluation and Response to Comments
In accordance with Article 6 of the CEQA Guidelines, the City of Covina, as the Lead Agency, was required to evaluate substantive environmental comments received on the Public Review Draft IS/MND. As no public comments were provided, no written responses were prepared for the Public Review Draft IS/MND.

6.2.3 Final IS/MND Approval
As Lead Agency, the City is required to determine the adequacy of the Final IS/MND (Public Review Draft IS/MND and Response to Comments). The City can adopt the Final IS/MND if they find on the basis of the whole record before it (including the Public Review Draft IS/MND and Response to Comments) that there is no substantial evidence that the Project will have a significant effect on the environment and that the Final IS/MND reflects the City’s independent judgment and analysis.

6.2.4 Notice of Determination
Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Sec. 15094, the City will file a Notice of Determination (NOD) with the City Clerk and the Office of Planning and Research, State Clearinghouse, within five working days of project approval.

6.3 Summary of Response to Comments Findings
As discussed above, no public comments were provided for the Project. As such, a section was not included to provide the persons, organizations, and public agencies commenting on the Public

Page 523 of 1828 ends

6. Introduction to the Response to Comments
City of Covina Public Storage Project 6-3 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 Review Draft IS/MND; the written comments received on the Public Review Draft IS/MND; and the written responses to each comment identified. Further, an Errata was not included in the Response to Comments as there were no revisions made to the Public Review Draft IS/MND.

CEQA Guidelines Sec. 15073.5 makes clear an IS/MND needs to be recirculated if the IS/MND was substantially revised after the public notice of availability of the MND. CEQA Sec. 15073.5(b) states that a substantial revision means:
• A new, avoidable significant effect is identified and mitigation measures or project revisions must be added in order to reduce the effect to insignificance, or • The lead agency determines that the proposed mitigation measures or project revisions will not reduce potential effects to less than significant and new measures or revisions must be required.

As mentioned above, no public comments were provided. As such, there were no responses that would set forth herein change the significance conclusions presented in the Public Review Draft IS/MND or substantially alters the analysis presented for public review. Furthermore, the Public Review Draft IS/MND circulated for public review was fully adequate under CEQA such that meaningful public review was not precluded. Thus, the Response to Comments does not constitute significant new information that might trigger recirculation.

Page 524 of 1828 ends

6. Introduction to the Response to Comments
City of Covina Public Storage Project 6-4 ESA / D202100759.02 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration September 2022 This page intentionally left blank

Page 525 of 1828 ends

Appendix A
Air Quality, Energy,
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Assumptions and Modeling

Page 526 of 1828 ends

Page 527 of 1828 ends

City of Covina Public Storage Project
Construction Assumptions
Project Site Acreage 2.7 acres (gross) 2.62 acres (net) Project Summary
Land Use1 CalEEMod Landuse Type Size Metric Parking Spaces Proposed Storage Building 2 bike parking spaces (1 short term, 1 long term) Storage Industrial - Unrefrigerated Warehouse- No Rail 141.084 1000 sf 26 car parking spaces (21 standard, 2 ADA compliant, 3 EV/CAV) Office Commercial- General Office Building 0.90 1000 sf 3 loading spaces Landscaping Recreational - City Park 0.22 acres Estimated 2 employees of Public Storage Paving Other Asphalt Surfaces 1.25 acres
Surface Parking Parking - Parking Lot 26 spaces
Existing Site Conditions
Land Use1 CalEEMod Landuse Type Size Metric
TT Electronics Power Solutions (Electronics
manufacturing commercial building) Manufacturing 55.321 1000 sf Project Description
Location CEC Forecasting Climate Zone Start of Construction Operational Year Utility
Company
Los Angeles County 9 1-Nov-22 2024
Southern
California
Edison
Construction Schedule1 Q4 2022 to Q4 2023
Phase Name CalEEMod Phase Type Start Date End Date Total Days # of Workers per
day
Total One-way
Worker Trips
per day Trip Length2
Vendor Trips
per day
Total OneWay
Vendor
Trips Trip Length2
Total Haul
Trucks
Total Oneway Haul
Trips
Trucks per
day
Maximum
Trucks per
day Trip Length2
Demolition Demolition 11/1/2022 1/4/2023 47 10 20 14.7 2 4 6.9 282 564 6 90 11.4 Site Preparation Site Preparation 1/5/2023 2/20/2023 33 10 20 14.7 2 4 6.9 Grading/Excavation Grading 2/21/2023 4/1/2023 29 10 20 14.7 2 4 6.9 500 1000 16 50 11.4 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching Grading 4/2/2023 5/1/2023 21 25 50 14.7 2 4 6.9 Foundations/Concrete Pour Building Construction 5/2/2023 5/20/2023 14 30 60 14.7 75 150 6.9 Building Construction Building Construction 5/21/2023 10/31/2023 117 80 160 14.7 2 4 6.9 Paving Paving 8/15/2023 9/15/2023 24 15 30 14.7 2 4 6.9 Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 9/16/2023 10/15/2023 20 5 10 14.7 1 2 6.9 Notes
Assume 5
days/week
1 Based on data needs request
2 Trip Lengths based on CalEEMod defaults
Note: Defaults for building
construction. Architectural coating
trips are 20% of building construction
trips.

Note: removes 16 trees, plants

Page 528 of 1828 ends

20 trees, 9,781 sf = 0.22 acres
Construction Equipment City of Covina Public Storage Project All Equipment would be Tier 3
Phase Name Equipment Amount1 Hours per Day
Demolition Backhoe 1
Haul Trucks 10
Rough Terrain Forklifts 1
Sweeper/Scrubber 1
Site Preparation Excavator 1
Rough Terrain Forklifts 1
Sweeper/Scrubber 1
Grading/Excavation Backhoe 1
Excavator 1
Grader 1
Haul Trucks 10
Rough Terrain Forklifts 1
Sweeper/Scrubber 1
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching Backhoe 1
Rough Terrain Forklifts 1
Sweeper/Scrubber 1
Foundation/Concrete Pour Backhoe 1
Concrete/Industrial Saw 1
Rough Terrain Forklifts 1
Building Construction Forklift 1
Rough Terrain Forklifts 1
Paving Pavers 1
Paving Equipment 1
Architectural Coating Aerial Lift 2
Source:
1 Construction Data Needs
included in
equipment
included in
equipment

Page 529 of 1828 ends

Excavation City of Covina Public Storage Project
Land Use Excavation/ Grading Quantities1 Cut (CY) Fill (CY) Site Acreage
Grading
Passes
Total Acres
Graded
Excavation 11,500 3,500 2.7 3 8.1
Grading/Excavation Export
Entire Site Development 8,000
Total Volume 8,000
Haul Truck Capacity (CY) 16
Total Haul Trucks 500
Total One-way Haul Trips 1,000.00 Enter into CalEEMod
Duration (days) 33
Daily Haul Trucks 16
Max daily haul trucks 40
Max acreage to be graded on a worst-case day is 2 acres.

Source: 20563_Civil Grading 01 2021-10-20
Construction Data Needs

Page 530 of 1828 ends

City of Covina Public Storage Project
Land Use Concrete Volume (CY)
Concrete
Truck
Capacity
(CY)
Total Trucks
Needed
(Vendor Trips)
Project 3000 10 300
Land Use Total Trucks
Project 300
Duration (days) 14
Maximum trucks per day 22.00
Maximum truck trips per day 44.00
Max concrete trucks per day 75
Notes:
1 Construction Data Needs

Page 531 of 1828 ends

City of Covina Public Storage Project
Asphalt/Concrete Paving1 Amount
Total Asphalt Paving (acres) 1.25
Total Concrete (Cubic Yards) 250
Notes:
1 Construction Data Needs

Page 532 of 1828 ends

TOTAL PROJECT DEMOLITION WASTE 1 Amount
Total Demolition Waste (tons) 2,250 Enter in CalEEMod
Total Demolition Waste (CY) 4,500
Haul Truck Capacity5
16 Total Haul Trucks 282
Total One-Way Trips 564 Enter in CalEEMod
Duration (days) 47
Haul Trucks per day 6
Max Haul Trucks per day 80

Page 533 of 1828 ends

City of Covina Public Storage Project
Operational GHG Analysis - Year 2024
Estimated Electricity demand from Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) Land Use Type
Number of
Parking Spaces
Number of Parking
Spaces with EV
Chargers
Average Charge
(kWh/day) a Days/Year Electricity Demand (kWh/yr)
Electricity Demand
(MWh/yr)
Electricity
Emission Factor
Electricity
Emission Factor
Total EV Charging
GHG Emissions Per
Year
(MT CO2/MWh) (lbs CO2/MWh) 1.06
Total 26 3 4.4 365 4,818 4.82 0.22 484.63
(MT CH4/MWh) (lbs CH4/MWh)
Notes: 1.50E-05 0.033
a. Estimated based on reference sources listed below. (MT N2O/MWh) (lbs N2O/MWh)

1.81E-06 0.00400
Sources:

US Department of Energy. Alternative Fuels Data Center, 2016. Hybrid and Plug-In Electric Vehicle Emissions Data Sources and Assumptions.

Available at: https://www.afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric_emissions_sources.html.

US Department of Energy. Smith, Margaret, 2016. Level 1 Electric Vehicle Charging Stations at the Workplace.

Available at: https://www.afdc.energy.gov/uploads/publication/WPCC_L1ChargingAtTheWorkplace_0716.pdf.

UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation. Williams, Brett and JR deShazo, 2013. Pricing Workplace Charging: Financial Viability and Fueling Costs.

Available at: http://luskin.ucla.edu/sites/default/files/Luskin-WPC-TRB-13-11-15d.pdf. 2019 Calgreen Building Standards Code, Title 24 Part 11 Available: https://library.municode.com/ca/long_beach/codes/municipal_code?nodeId=TIT18LOBEBUSTCO_CH18.47GRBUSTCO_18.47.050AMCASE5.106.5.3.3TA5.106.5.3.WNOEVCHSPCHSTCA 4/6/2022

Page 534 of 1828 ends

City of Covina Public Storage Project
Utility Provider: SCE
CO2 Intensity Factor RPS under SB100
Year RPS Mandate Electricity Emission Factor Electricity Emission Factor (MT CO2/MWh) (lbs CO2/MWh)
Base 0% 0.3925 865.41
20201

30.90% 0.2712 598.00000
2020 30.90% 0.2712 598.00
2021 34.18% 0.2584 569.66
2022 37.45% 0.2455 541.32
2023 40.73% 0.2327 512.97
Operational Year 2024 44.00% 0.2198 484.63
2025 46.67% 0.2094 461.55
2026 49.33% 0.1989 438.48
2027 52.00% 0.1884 415.40
2028 54.67% 0.1780 392.32
2029 57.33% 0.1675 369.24
2030 60.0% 0.1570 346.16
2031 62.7% 0.1465 323.09
2032 65.3% 0.1361 300.01
2033 68.0% 0.1256 276.93
2034 70.7% 0.1151 253.85
2035 73.3% 0.1047 230.78
2036 76.0% 0.0942 207.70
2037 78.7% 0.0837 184.62
2038 81.3% 0.0733 161.54
2039 84.0% 0.0628 138.47
2040 86.7% 0.0523 115.39
2041 89.3% 0.0419 92.31
2042 92.0% 0.0314 69.23
2043 94.7% 0.0209 46.16
2044 97.3% 0.0105 23.08
2045 100% 0.0000 0
1 SCE 2020 Power Content Label https://www.energy.ca.gov/filebrowser/download/3902 2 SB-100 California Renewables Portfolio Standard Program: Emissions of Greenhouse Gases, https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180 3 Southern California Edison, 2018. ESG/Sustainability Template. Report date: September 27, 2018. Available:
https://www.edison.com/content/dam/eix/documents/sustainability/eix-esg-pilot-quantitative-section-sce.pdf. Accessed April 5, 2019.

Page 535 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Regional Emissions
Air Quality Construction Analysis
Regional Maximums ROG NOX CO SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10 Total PM10
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
Total
PM2.5
Source

3.2 Demolition - 2022 0.3 14.2 12.7 0.05 1.1 0.4 1.5 0.2 0.4 0.6

3.2 Demolition - 2023 0.3 12.4 12.6 0.05 1.1 0.4 1.5 0.2 0.4 0.6

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023 0.3 6.0 9.4 0.01 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.4

3.4 Grading/Excavation - 2023 0.5 14.6 17.6 0.04 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.6 0.7

3.5 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching - 2023 0.3 5.2 8.7 0.01 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.3 0.4

3.6 Foundations/Concrete Pour - 2023 0.4 12.3 15.2 0.05 0.8 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.5 0.6

3.7 Building Construction - 2023 0.2 3.3 10.0 0.02 0.7 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.3

3.8 Paving - 2023 0.4 4.4 8.0 0.01 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.2

3.9 Architectural Coating - 2023 66.8 2.0 3.0 0.00 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 ROG NOX CO SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10 Total PM10
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
Total
PM2.5
2023
Building Construction+Paving 0.6 7.8 18.0 0.03 0.9 0.4 1.3 0.2 0.4 0.6 Building Construction+Architectural Coating 67.0 5.3 13.0 0.03 0.8 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 Project Daily Maximum Emissions 67.0 14.6 18.0 0.1 1.1 0.6 1.5 0.2 0.6 0.7 SCAQMD Regional Significance Threshold 75 100 550 150 150 150 Exceeds Threshold? No No No No No No
lb/day
Overlapping Phases

Page 536 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Summer
Air Quality Construction Analysis
ROG NOX CO SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10 Total PM10
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
Total
PM2.5 ROG NOX CO SO2
Total
PM10
Total
PM2.5
Source

3.2 Demolition - 2022 0.22 5.09 6.87 0.01 0.40 0.36 0.76 0.06 0.36 0.42 0.10 9.10 5.85 0.04 0.72 0.21

3.2 Demolition - 2023 0.22 5.09 6.87 0.01 0.40 0.36 0.76 0.06 0.36 0.42 0.05 7.31 5.74 0.04 0.71 0.20

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023 0.27 5.81 8.45 0.01 0.00 0.35 0.35 0.00 0.35 0.35 0.02 0.22 0.90 0.00 0.11 0.02

3.4 Grading/Excavation - 2023 0.50 10.47 14.01 0.02 0.21 0.58 0.79 0.02 0.58 0.60 0.04 4.16 3.59 0.02 0.44 0.12

3.5 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching - 2023 0.21 4.87 6.58 0.01 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.04 0.31 2.08 0.01 0.25 0.05

3.6 Foundations/Concrete Pour - 2023 0.27 6.09 8.23 0.01 0.00 0.43 0.43 0.00 0.43 0.43 0.12 6.25 6.94 0.04 0.80 0.20

3.7 Building Construction - 2023 0.12 2.69 3.63 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.19 0.00 0.19 0.19 0.12 0.65 6.37 0.02 0.75 0.14

3.8 Paving - 2023 0.38 4.18 6.66 0.01 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.02 0.25 1.29 0.00 0.15 0.03

3.9 Architectural Coating - 2023 66.79 1.89 2.55 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.13 0.13 0.01 0.11 0.45 0.00 0.05 0.01 Regional Emissions ROG NOX CO SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10 Total PM10
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
Total
PM2.5

3.2 Demolition - 2022 0.32 14.19 12.71 0.05 1.06 0.42 1.48 0.21 0.41 0.62

3.2 Demolition - 2023 0.28 12.39 12.61 0.05 1.05 0.41 1.47 0.21 0.41 0.62

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023 0.29 6.04 9.35 0.01 0.10 0.36 0.46 0.02 0.36 0.37

3.4 Grading/Excavation - 2023 0.54 14.63 17.60 0.04 0.62 0.61 1.23 0.11 0.61 0.72

3.5 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching - 2023 0.25 5.19 8.66 0.01 0.24 0.35 0.59 0.04 0.35 0.39

3.6 Foundations/Concrete Pour - 2023 0.39 12.34 15.16 0.05 0.76 0.47 1.23 0.15 0.47 0.62

3.7 Building Construction - 2023 0.24 3.34 10.00 0.02 0.74 0.20 0.94 0.13 0.20 0.32

3.8 Paving - 2023 0.40 4.43 7.96 0.01 0.15 0.20 0.35 0.03 0.20 0.23

3.9 Architectural Coating - 2023 66.80 2.00 3.00 0.00 0.05 0.13 0.19 0.01 0.13 0.14 ROG NOX CO SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10 Total PM10
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
Total
PM2.5
2023
Building Construction+Paving 0.6 7.8 18.0 0.0 0.9 0.4 1.3 0.2 0.4 0.6 Building Construction+Architectural Coating 67.0 5.3 13.0 0.0 0.8 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 Project Daily Maximum Emissions 67.04 14.63 17.96 0.05 1.06 0.61 1.48 0.21 0.61 0.72 lb/day
Overlapping Phases
lb/day
Onsite Emissions Offsite Emissions
Summer Regional Emissions

Page 537 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Winter
Air Quality Construction Analysis
x aj aw bs CC cw dl ec ep ff M v ae av cg dt

M V AE AV BD BU CG CV DG DT
ROG NOX CO SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10 Total PM10
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
Total
PM2.5 ROG NOX CO SO2
Total
PM10
Total
PM2.5
Source

3.2 Demolition - 2022 0.22 5.09 6.87 0.009 0.40 0.36 0.76 0.06 0.36 0.42 0.10 9.10 5.85 0.04 0.72 0.21

3.2 Demolition - 2023 0.22 5.09 6.87 0.009 0.40 0.36 0.76 0.06 0.36 0.42 0.05 7.31 5.74 0.04 0.71 0.20

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023 0.27 5.81 8.45 0.011 0.00 0.35 0.35 0.00 0.35 0.35 0.02 0.22 0.90 0.00 0.11 0.02

3.4 Grading/Excavation - 2023 0.50 10.47 14.01 0.021 0.21 0.58 0.79 0.02 0.58 0.60 0.04 4.16 3.59 0.02 0.44 0.12

3.5 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching - 2023 0.21 4.87 6.58 0.009 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.04 0.31 2.08 0.01 0.25 0.05

3.6 Foundations/Concrete Pour - 2023 0.27 6.09 8.23 0.012 0.00 0.43 0.43 0.00 0.43 0.43 0.12 6.25 6.94 0.04 0.80 0.20

3.7 Building Construction - 2023 0.12 2.69 3.63 0.005 0.00 0.19 0.19 0.00 0.19 0.19 0.12 0.65 6.37 0.02 0.75 0.14

3.8 Paving - 2023 0.38 4.18 6.66 0.009 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.02 0.25 1.29 0.00 0.15 0.03

3.9 Architectural Coating - 2023 66.79 1.89 2.55 0.003 0.00 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.13 0.13 0.01 0.11 0.45 0.00 0.05 0.01 Regional Emissions ROG NOX CO SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10 Total PM10
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
Total
PM2.5

3.2 Demolition - 2022 0.3 14.2 12.7 0.1 1.1 0.4 1.5 0.2 0.4 0.6

3.2 Demolition - 2023 0.3 12.4 12.6 0.0 1.1 0.4 1.5 0.2 0.4 0.6

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023 0.3 6.0 9.4 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.4

3.4 Grading/Excavation - 2023 0.5 14.6 17.6 0.0 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.6 0.7

3.5 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching - 2023 0.3 5.2 8.7 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.3 0.4

3.6 Foundations/Concrete Pour - 2023 0.4 12.3 15.2 0.1 0.8 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.5 0.6

3.7 Building Construction - 2023 0.2 3.3 10.0 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.3

3.8 Paving - 2023 0.4 4.4 8.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.2

3.9 Architectural Coating - 2023 66.8 2.0 3.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 ROG NOX CO SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10 Total PM10
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
Total
PM2.5
2023
Building Construction+Paving 0.6 7.8 18.0 0.0 0.9 0.4 1.3 0.2 0.4 0.6 Building Construction+Architectural Coating 67.0 5.3 13.0 0.0 0.8 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 Project Daily Maximum Emissions 67.04 14.63 17.96 0.05 1.06 0.61 1.48 0.21 0.61 0.72 Overlapping Phases
Winter Regional Emissions
Onsite Emissions Offsite Emissions
lb/day lb/day

Page 538 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Air Quality Construction Analysis
ROG NOX CO SO2 Total PM10
Total
PM2.5
Source

3.2 Demolition - 2022 0.22 5.09 6.87 0.01 0.76 0.42

3.2 Demolition - 2023 0.22 5.09 6.87 0.01 0.76 0.42

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023 0.27 5.81 8.45 0.01 0.35 0.35

3.4 Grading/Excavation - 2023 0.50 10.47 14.01 0.02 0.79 0.60

3.5 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching - 2023 0.21 4.87 6.58 0.01 0.34 0.34

3.6 Foundations/Concrete Pour - 2023 0.27 6.09 8.23 0.01 0.43 0.43

3.7 Building Construction - 2023 0.12 2.69 3.63 0.00 0.19 0.19

3.8 Paving - 2023 0.38 4.18 6.66 0.01 0.20 0.20

3.9 Architectural Coating - 2023 66.79 1.89 2.55 0.00 0.13 0.13 Localized Emissions ROG NOX CO SO2 Total PM10
Total
PM2.5

3.2 Demolition - 2022 0.2 5 7 0.01 0.8 0.4

3.2 Demolition - 2023 0.2 5 7 0.01 0.8 0.4

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023 0.3 6 8 0.01 0.4 0.4

3.4 Grading/Excavation - 2023 0.5 10 14 0.02 0.8 0.6

3.5 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching - 2023 0.2 5 7 0.01 0.3 0.3

3.6 Foundations/Concrete Pour - 2023 0.3 6 8 0.01 0.4 0.4

3.7 Building Construction - 2023 0.1 3 4 0.00 0.2 0.2

3.8 Paving - 2023 0.4 4 7 0.01 0.2 0.2

3.9 Architectural Coating - 2023 66.8 2 3 0.00 0.1 0.1
ROG NOX CO SO2 Total PM10
Total
PM2.5
2023
Building Construction+Paving 0.5 6.9 10.3 0.0 0.4 0.4
Building Construction+Architectural Coating 66.9 4.6 6.2 0.0 0.3 0.3 Project Daily Maximum Emissions 66.9 10.5 14.0 0.0 0.8 0.6 SCAQMD Localized Significance Threshold (SRA 9, 2 acre, 25m) 128 953 7 5 Exceeds Threshold? No No No No
Overlapping Phases
Localized Emissions
Onsite Emissions
lb/day

Page 539 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Construction Annual GHG
Year
On-Road Mobile
Sources CalEEMod
Water +
Construction
Office Total
2022 22 18 2 41
2023 167 96 9 273
Total 189 114 11 314
Amortized - 30 years 6 4 0 10.5
Metric Tons/Year

Page 540 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Construction GHG Analysis
Temporary Construction Trailer - Electricity
Land Use Square Feet Energy Use per year
(kWh)
Estimated Project Construction
Duration (years) Total Energy Use (kWh) Construction
Office GHG
Emissions Total
Electricity
Emission Factor
Electricity
Emission Factor
General Office 1,000 12,990 1.0 12,990 3.20 (MT CO2/MWh) (lbs CO2/MWh)

0.25 541.32
(MT CH4/MWh) (lbs CH4/MWh)

1.50E-05 0.033
(MT N2O/MWh) (lbs N2O/MWh)

1.81E-06 0.00400
Note: CalEEMod 2020.4.0 used to estimate energy use for temporary construction office

Page 541 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Construction GHG Analysis
Construction Water Energy Estimates
Project Acres 2.7
Construction Duration (years) 1.0
Source
Construction Water Use per
Day (Mgal)
Total Construction Water Use
(Mgal)
Total Electricity Demand from
water Demand (kWh)
Annual Electricity Demand
from water Demand (kWh)
Project 0.008 2.422 31,536 31,536
CalEEMod Water Electricity Factors
Electricity Intensity Factor To
Supply (kWh/Mgal)
Electricity Intensity Factor To
Treat (kWh/Mgal)
Electricity Intensity Factor To
Distribute (kWh/Mgal)
Electricity Intensity Factor For
Wastewater Treatment
(kWh/Mgal)
Project 9727 111 1272 1911
Construction Water GHG
Emissions Total Electricity Emission Factor Electricity Emission Factor

7.77 (MT CO2/MWh) (lbs CO2/MWh)

0.25 541.32
(MT CH4/MWh) (lbs CH4/MWh)

1.50E-05 0.033
(MT N2O/MWh) (lbs N2O/MWh)

1.81E-06 0.00400
Sources:

Electricity Intensity Factors - California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod). Adjusted to RPS of year 2022.

Estimated construction water use assumed to be generally equivalent to landscape irrigation, based on a factor of 20.94 gallons per year per square foot of landscaped area within the Los Angeles area (Mediterranean climate), which assumes high water demand landscaping materials and an irrigation system efficiency of 85%.

Factor is therefore (20.94 GAL/SF/year) x (43,560 SF/acre) / (365 days/year) / (0.85) = 2,940 gallons/acre/day, rounded up to 3,000 gallons/acre/day. (U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Federal Energy Management Program. “Guidelines for Estimating Unmetered Landscaping Water Use." July 2010. Page 12, Table 4 - Annual Irrigation Factor – Landscaped Areas with High Water Requirements).

Page 542 of 1828 ends

260 Max construction days per year
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Idling Trips per Day per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) (minutes)
Demolition 2022
Total Haul Trips 528
Hauling 90 44 8 11.4 15
Vendor 4 44 8 6.9 15
Worker 20 44 8 14.7 0
Total:

Demolition 2023
Total Haul Trips 36
Hauling 90 3 8 11.4 15
Vendor 4 3 8 6.9 15
Worker 20 3 8 14.7 0
Total:

Site Preparation 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 33 8 11.4 15
Vendor 4 33 8 6.9 15
Worker 20 33 8 14.7 0
Total:

Grading/Excavation 2023
Total Haul Trips 1000
Hauling 50 29 8 11.4 15
Vendor 4 29 8 6.9 15
Worker 20 29 8 14.7 0
Total:

Drainage/Utilities/Trenching 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 21 8 11.4 15
Vendor 4 21 8 6.9 15
Worker 50 21 8 14.7 0
Total:

Foundations/Concrete Pour 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 14 8 11.4 15
Vendor 150 14 8 6.9 15
Worker 60 14 8 14.7 0
Total:

Building Construction 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 117 8 11.4 15
Vendor 4 117 8 6.9 15
Worker 160 117 8 14.7 0
Total:

Paving 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 30 8 11.4 15
Vendor 4 30 8 6.9 15
Worker 30 30 8 14.7 0
Total:

Architectural Coating 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 10 8 11.4 15
Vendor 2 10 8 6.9 15
Worker 10 10 8 14.7 0
Total:

Covina Public Storage Project
Total On-Road Emissions

Page 543 of 1828 ends

Construction Phase
Demolition
Total Haul Trips
Hauling
Vendor
Worker
Demolition
Total Haul Trips
Hauling
Vendor
Worker
Site Preparation
Total Haul Trips
Hauling
Vendor
Worker
Grading/Excavation
Total Haul Trips
Hauling
Vendor
Worker
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching
Total Haul Trips
Hauling
Vendor
Worker
Foundations/Concrete Pour
Total Haul Trips
Hauling
Vendor
Worker
Building Construction
Total Haul Trips
Hauling
Vendor
Worker
Paving
Total Haul Trips
Hauling
Vendor
Worker
Architectural Coating
Total Haul Trips
Hauling
Vendor
Worker
Co

(pounds/day) (MT/yr)
PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Total
ROG NOX CO SO2 Dust Exh PM10 Dust Exh PM2.5 CO2e

0.08 8.83 4.87 0.04 0.55 0.06 0.61 0.13 0.06 0.19 15.37

0.00 0.20 0.12 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.13

0.02 0.07 0.85 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.00 0.02 4.23

0.10 9.10 5.85 0.04 0.66 0.06 0.72 0.15 0.06 0.21 21.73

0.04 7.08 4.83 0.04 0.55 0.05 0.61 0.13 0.05 0.18 1.03

0.00 0.16 0.12 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14

0.01 0.06 0.78 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.28

0.05 7.31 5.74 0.04 0.65 0.06 0.71 0.15 0.05 0.20 1.45

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.16 0.12 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.57

0.01 0.06 0.78 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.00 0.02 3.10

0.02 0.22 0.90 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.11 0.02 0.00 0.02 4.67

0.02 3.94 2.69 0.02 0.31 0.03 0.34 0.07 0.03 0.10 22.46

0.00 0.16 0.12 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.38

0.01 0.06 0.78 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.00 0.02 2.73

0.04 4.16 3.59 0.02 0.41 0.03 0.44 0.09 0.03 0.12 26.57

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.16 0.12 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00

0.04 0.15 1.95 0.01 0.23 0.00 0.23 0.04 0.00 0.04 4.93

0.04 0.31 2.08 0.01 0.24 0.00 0.25 0.04 0.00 0.05 5.93

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.07 6.07 4.59 0.03 0.48 0.04 0.52 0.11 0.04 0.15 24.95

0.04 0.18 2.34 0.01 0.27 0.00 0.28 0.05 0.00 0.05 3.95

0.12 6.25 6.94 0.04 0.76 0.05 0.80 0.15 0.04 0.20 28.90

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.16 0.12 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.56

0.12 0.49 6.25 0.02 0.73 0.01 0.74 0.12 0.01 0.13 87.96

0.12 0.65 6.37 0.02 0.74 0.01 0.75 0.13 0.01 0.14 93.52

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.16 0.12 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.43

0.02 0.09 1.17 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.14 0.02 0.00 0.02 4.23

0.02 0.25 1.29 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.15 0.03 0.00 0.03 5.65

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.08 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24

0.01 0.03 0.39 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.47

0.01 0.11 0.45 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.71
Regional Emissions
Covina Public Storage Project
Total On-Road Emissions

Page 544 of 1828 ends

ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
2022Hauling Hauling 0.03421326 2.5062345 0.63539007 0.01457119 0.02511684 0.02402496 2022Vendor Vendor 0.040384 1.901886221 0.64194565 0.01318653 0.01910675 0.01827249 2022Worker Worker 0.02543435 0.10576118 1.31315239 0.00320928 0.00202047 0.00186006 2023Hauling Hauling 0.01583726 1.846349092 0.53216798 0.01440181 0.02335548 0.02234022 2023Vendor Vendor 0.02517402 1.413009631 0.53163708 0.01304101 0.01704589 0.01630115 2023Worker Worker 0.02253027 0.09409696 1.20532597 0.00313687 0.00190111 0.00175 2026Hauling Hauling 0.01368221 1.614053992 0.47684787 0.01364538 0.0226378 0.02165426 2026Vendor Vendor 0.01750743 1.169214075 0.39765668 0.0123973 0.01509905 0.01443925 2026Worker Worker 0.01606854 0.068748951 0.96388598 0.00292729 0.0016094 0.00148096 2027Hauling Hauling 0.013128 1.553518611 0.45473657 0.01336714 0.02273486 0.02174732 2027Vendor Vendor 0.01570588 1.102331968 0.36327753 0.01214871 0.01475662 0.01411185 2027Worker Worker 0.01447264 0.062492418 0.90230685 0.0028686 0.00150729 0.0013867

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
Demolition 2022
Total Haul Trips 528
Hauling 90 44 8 11.4 0.08 5.67 1.44 0.03 0.06 0.05
Vendor 4 44 8 6.9 0.00 0.12 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 44 8 14.7 0.02 0.07 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.00
Demolition 2023
Total Haul Trips 36
Hauling 90 3 8 11.4 0.04 4.18 1.20 0.03 0.05 0.05
Vendor 4 3 8 6.9 0.00 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 3 8 14.7 0.01 0.06 0.78 0.00 0.00 0.00
(pounds/day)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions

Page 545 of 1828 ends

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
(pounds/day)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions
Site Preparation 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 33 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 33 8 6.9 0.00 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 33 8 14.7 0.01 0.06 0.78 0.00 0.00 0.00
Grading/Excavation 2023
Total Haul Trips 1000
Hauling 50 29 8 11.4 0.02 2.32 0.67 0.02 0.03 0.03
Vendor 4 29 8 6.9 0.00 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 29 8 14.7 0.01 0.06 0.78 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 546 of 1828 ends

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
(pounds/day)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 21 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 21 8 6.9 0.00 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 50 21 8 14.7 0.04 0.15 1.95 0.01 0.00 0.00
Foundations/Concrete Pour 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 14 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 150 14 8 6.9 0.06 3.22 1.21 0.03 0.04 0.04
Worker 60 14 8 14.7 0.04 0.18 2.34 0.01 0.00 0.00

Page 547 of 1828 ends

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
(pounds/day)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions
Building Construction 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 117 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 117 8 6.9 0.00 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 160 117 8 14.7 0.12 0.49 6.25 0.02 0.01 0.01
Paving 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 30 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 30 8 6.9 0.00 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 30 30 8 14.7 0.02 0.09 1.17 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 548 of 1828 ends

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
(pounds/day)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions
Architectural Coating 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 10 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 2 10 8 6.9 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 10 10 8 14.7 0.01 0.03 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 549 of 1828 ends

2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Demolition 2022
Total Haul Trips 528
Hauling 90 44 8 11.4
Vendor 4 44 8 6.9
Worker 20 44 8 14.7
Demolition 2023
Total Haul Trips 36
Hauling 90 3 8 11.4
Vendor 4 3 8 6.9
Worker 20 3 8 14.7
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions
CO2 CH4 N2O
1605.22158 0.08234696 0.25591748
1421.44968 0.04594901 0.19634864
324.651399 0.00590966 0.0081981
1582.16594 0.07485845 0.25204854
1404.04014 0.0416683 0.1941139
317.32672 0.00530072 0.00752789
1501.9816 0.06476403 0.23941148
1337.37545 0.03590634 0.1862605
296.123967 0.00390838 0.00603404
1471.80075 0.0608523 0.23462364
1311.1435 0.03381904 0.18307889
290.185649 0.00356123 0.00566307
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e

9.66 0.09 3.35 13.11

1.73 0.00 0.07 1.80

4.20 0.00 0.03 4.23

0.65 0.01 0.22 0.88

0.12 0.00 0.00 0.12

0.28 0.00 0.00 0.28
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Running Emissions Factor

Page 550 of 1828 ends

(grams/mile)
2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions
Site Preparation 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 33 8 11.4
Vendor 4 33 8 6.9
Worker 20 33 8 14.7
Grading/Excavation 2023
Total Haul Trips 1000
Hauling 50 29 8 11.4
Vendor 4 29 8 6.9
Worker 20 29 8 14.7
CO2 CH4 N2O
1605.22158 0.08234696 0.25591748
1421.44968 0.04594901 0.19634864
324.651399 0.00590966 0.0081981
1582.16594 0.07485845 0.25204854
1404.04014 0.0416683 0.1941139
317.32672 0.00530072 0.00752789
1501.9816 0.06476403 0.23941148
1337.37545 0.03590634 0.1862605
296.123967 0.00390838 0.00603404
1471.80075 0.0608523 0.23462364
1311.1435 0.03381904 0.18307889
290.185649 0.00356123 0.00566307
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.28 0.00 0.05 1.33

3.08 0.00 0.02 3.10

18.04 0.03 1.21 19.28

1.12 0.00 0.05 1.17

2.71 0.00 0.02 2.73

Page 551 of 1828 ends

2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 21 8 11.4
Vendor 4 21 8 6.9
Worker 50 21 8 14.7
Foundations/Concrete Pour 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 14 8 11.4
Vendor 150 14 8 6.9
Worker 60 14 8 14.7
CO2 CH4 N2O
1605.22158 0.08234696 0.25591748
1421.44968 0.04594901 0.19634864
324.651399 0.00590966 0.0081981
1582.16594 0.07485845 0.25204854
1404.04014 0.0416683 0.1941139
317.32672 0.00530072 0.00752789
1501.9816 0.06476403 0.23941148
1337.37545 0.03590634 0.1862605
296.123967 0.00390838 0.00603404
1471.80075 0.0608523 0.23462364
1311.1435 0.03381904 0.18307889
290.185649 0.00356123 0.00566307
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.81 0.00 0.03 0.85

4.90 0.00 0.03 4.93

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

20.34 0.02 0.82 21.18

3.92 0.00 0.03 3.95

Page 552 of 1828 ends

2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions
Building Construction 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 117 8 11.4
Vendor 4 117 8 6.9
Worker 160 117 8 14.7
Paving 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 30 8 11.4
Vendor 4 30 8 6.9
Worker 30 30 8 14.7
CO2 CH4 N2O
1605.22158 0.08234696 0.25591748
1421.44968 0.04594901 0.19634864
324.651399 0.00590966 0.0081981
1582.16594 0.07485845 0.25204854
1404.04014 0.0416683 0.1941139
317.32672 0.00530072 0.00752789
1501.9816 0.06476403 0.23941148
1337.37545 0.03590634 0.1862605
296.123967 0.00390838 0.00603404
1471.80075 0.0608523 0.23462364
1311.1435 0.03381904 0.18307889
290.185649 0.00356123 0.00566307
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4.53 0.00 0.18 4.72

87.32 0.04 0.60 87.96

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.16 0.00 0.05 1.21

4.20 0.00 0.03 4.23

Page 553 of 1828 ends

2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Covina Public Storage Project
Running Emissions
Architectural Coating 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 10 8 11.4
Vendor 2 10 8 6.9
Worker 10 10 8 14.7
CO2 CH4 N2O
1605.22158 0.08234696 0.25591748
1421.44968 0.04594901 0.19634864
324.651399 0.00590966 0.0081981
1582.16594 0.07485845 0.25204854
1404.04014 0.0416683 0.1941139
317.32672 0.00530072 0.00752789
1501.9816 0.06476403 0.23941148
1337.37545 0.03590634 0.1862605
296.123967 0.00390838 0.00603404
1471.80075 0.0608523 0.23462364
1311.1435 0.03381904 0.18307889
290.185649 0.00356123 0.00566307
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.19 0.00 0.01 0.20

0.47 0.00 0.00 0.47

Page 554 of 1828 ends

ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
2022Hauling Hauling 0.00063484 1.063276579 1.15367037 0.00183413 0.00063918 0.00061056 2022Vendor Vendor 0.00363034 0.626772196 0.64620863 0.00106082 0.00055996 0.00053519 2022Worker Worker 0 0 0 0 0 0
2023Hauling Hauling 0.00060465 0.976890531 1.21944606 0.00175824 0.00057695 0.00055105 2023Vendor Vendor 0.00344852 0.57309481 0.6812944 0.00101948 0.00049051 0.00046876 2023Worker Worker 0 0 0 0 0 0
2026Hauling Hauling 0.00190352 0.943312666 1.20504869 0.00163819 0.00049161 0.00046927 2026Vendor Vendor 0.00373668 0.54962618 0.67271423 0.00095618 0.00036335 0.00034701 2026Worker Worker 0 0 0 0 0 0
2027Hauling Hauling 0.00277283 0.933174304 1.19921987 0.00159973 0.00047074 0.00044926 2027Vendor Vendor 0.00406574 0.542461787 0.66910501 0.00093511 0.00033266 0.00031763 2027Worker Worker 0 0 0 0 0 0

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
Demolition 2022
Total Haul Trips 528
Hauling 90 44 8 15 0.00 3.16 3.43 0.01 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 44 8 15 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 44 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Demolition 2023
Total Haul Trips 36
Hauling 90 3 8 15 0.00 2.91 3.63 0.01 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 3 8 15 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 3 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
(pounds/day)
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
Idling Emissions Factor

Page 555 of 1828 ends

(grams/minute)
ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
2022Hauling Hauling 0.00063484 1.063276579 1.15367037 0.00183413 0.00063918 0.00061056 2022Vendor Vendor 0.00363034 0.626772196 0.64620863 0.00106082 0.00055996 0.00053519 2022Worker Worker 0 0 0 0 0 0
2023Hauling Hauling 0.00060465 0.976890531 1.21944606 0.00175824 0.00057695 0.00055105 2023Vendor Vendor 0.00344852 0.57309481 0.6812944 0.00101948 0.00049051 0.00046876 2023Worker Worker 0 0 0 0 0 0
2026Hauling Hauling 0.00190352 0.943312666 1.20504869 0.00163819 0.00049161 0.00046927 2026Vendor Vendor 0.00373668 0.54962618 0.67271423 0.00095618 0.00036335 0.00034701 2026Worker Worker 0 0 0 0 0 0
2027Hauling Hauling 0.00277283 0.933174304 1.19921987 0.00159973 0.00047074 0.00044926 2027Vendor Vendor 0.00406574 0.542461787 0.66910501 0.00093511 0.00033266 0.00031763 2027Worker Worker 0 0 0 0 0 0

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
(pounds/day)
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
Idling Emissions Factor
(grams/minute)
Site Preparation 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 33 8 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 33 8 15 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 33 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Grading/Excavation 2023
Total Haul Trips 1000
Hauling 50 29 8 15 0.00 1.62 2.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 29 8 15 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 29 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 556 of 1828 ends

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
(pounds/day)
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
Idling Emissions Factor
(grams/minute)
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 21 8 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 21 8 15 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 50 21 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Foundations/Concrete Pour 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 14 8 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 150 14 8 15 0.02 2.84 3.38 0.01 0.00 0.00
Worker 60 14 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 557 of 1828 ends

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
(pounds/day)
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
Idling Emissions Factor
(grams/minute)
Building Construction 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 117 8 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 117 8 15 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 160 117 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Paving 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 30 8 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 30 8 15 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 30 30 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 558 of 1828 ends

GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
(pounds/day)
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
Idling Emissions Factor
(grams/minute)
Architectural Coating 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 10 8 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 2 10 8 15 0.00 0.04 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 10 10 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 559 of 1828 ends

2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Demolition 2022
Total Haul Trips 528
Hauling 90 44 8 15
Vendor 4 44 8 15
Worker 20 44 8 0
Demolition 2023
Total Haul Trips 36
Hauling 90 3 8 15
Vendor 4 3 8 15
Worker 20 3 8 0
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
CO2 CH4 N2O
206.632983 0.04057968 0.03315445
118.903426 0.02232719 0.01892402
0 0 0
197.892347 0.03639331 0.0317437
114.204071 0.02028175 0.01817316
0 0 0
185.455078 0.03474182 0.02979533
107.716187 0.0195758 0.01717618
0 0 0
181.442358 0.03427011 0.02916541
105.535988 0.01936291 0.01683969
0 0 0
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e

1.64 0.06 0.57 2.27

0.31 0.00 0.01 0.33

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.11 0.00 0.04 0.15

0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Idling Emissions Factor

Page 560 of 1828 ends

(grams/minute)
2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
Site Preparation 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 33 8 15
Vendor 4 33 8 15
Worker 20 33 8 0
Grading/Excavation 2023
Total Haul Trips 1000
Hauling 50 29 8 15
Vendor 4 29 8 15
Worker 20 29 8 0
CO2 CH4 N2O
206.632983 0.04057968 0.03315445
118.903426 0.02232719 0.01892402
0 0 0
197.892347 0.03639331 0.0317437
114.204071 0.02028175 0.01817316
0 0 0
185.455078 0.03474182 0.02979533
107.716187 0.0195758 0.01717618
0 0 0
181.442358 0.03427011 0.02916541
105.535988 0.01936291 0.01683969
0 0 0
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Idling Emissions Factor
(grams/minute)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.23 0.00 0.01 0.24

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

2.97 0.02 0.20 3.19

0.20 0.00 0.01 0.21

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 561 of 1828 ends

2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 21 8 15
Vendor 4 21 8 15
Worker 50 21 8 0
Foundations/Concrete Pour 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 14 8 15
Vendor 150 14 8 15
Worker 60 14 8 0
CO2 CH4 N2O
206.632983 0.04057968 0.03315445
118.903426 0.02232719 0.01892402
0 0 0
197.892347 0.03639331 0.0317437
114.204071 0.02028175 0.01817316
0 0 0
185.455078 0.03474182 0.02979533
107.716187 0.0195758 0.01717618
0 0 0
181.442358 0.03427011 0.02916541
105.535988 0.01936291 0.01683969
0 0 0
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Idling Emissions Factor
(grams/minute)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.14 0.00 0.01 0.15

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.60 0.02 0.17 3.78

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 562 of 1828 ends

2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
Building Construction 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 117 8 15
Vendor 4 117 8 15
Worker 160 117 8 0
Paving 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 30 8 15
Vendor 4 30 8 15
Worker 30 30 8 0
CO2 CH4 N2O
206.632983 0.04057968 0.03315445
118.903426 0.02232719 0.01892402
0 0 0
197.892347 0.03639331 0.0317437
114.204071 0.02028175 0.01817316
0 0 0
185.455078 0.03474182 0.02979533
107.716187 0.0195758 0.01717618
0 0 0
181.442358 0.03427011 0.02916541
105.535988 0.01936291 0.01683969
0 0 0
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Idling Emissions Factor
(grams/minute)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.80 0.00 0.04 0.84

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.21 0.00 0.01 0.22

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 563 of 1828 ends

2022Hauling Hauling
2022Vendor Vendor
2022Worker Worker
2023Hauling Hauling
2023Vendor Vendor
2023Worker Worker
2026Hauling Hauling
2026Vendor Vendor
2026Worker Worker
2027Hauling Hauling
2027Vendor Vendor
2027Worker Worker
GWP
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles)
Covina Public Storage Project
Idling Emissions
Architectural Coating 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 10 8 15
Vendor 2 10 8 15
Worker 10 10 8 0
CO2 CH4 N2O
206.632983 0.04057968 0.03315445
118.903426 0.02232719 0.01892402
0 0 0
197.892347 0.03639331 0.0317437
114.204071 0.02028175 0.01817316
0 0 0
185.455078 0.03474182 0.02979533
107.716187 0.0195758 0.01717618
0 0 0
181.442358 0.03427011 0.02916541
105.535988 0.01936291 0.01683969
0 0 0
1 25 290
CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Regional Emissions
(MT/year)
Idling Emissions Factor
(grams/minute)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.03 0.00 0.00 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 564 of 1828 ends

RD BW TW RD BW TW
2022Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.086593921 0.03543077 1.85E-02 0.03030787 0.00885769 2022Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.065113667 0.02371539 1.85E-02 0.02278978 0.00592885 2022Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009511466 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00332901 0.002 2023Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084714206 0.03543552 1.85E-02 0.02964997 0.00885888 2023Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.064163683 0.02371776 1.85E-02 0.02245729 0.00592944 2023Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009477692 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00331719 0.002 2026Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084352575 0.03544711 1.85E-02 0.0295234 0.00886178 2026Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063787152 0.02372356 1.85E-02 0.0223255 0.00593089 2026Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009353635 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00327377 0.002 2027Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084297987 0.03545106 1.85E-02 0.0295043 0.00886277 2027Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063623189 0.02372553 1.85E-02 0.02226812 0.00593138 2027Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009305649 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00325698 0.002 Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) RD BW TW RD BW TW
Demolition 2022
Total Haul Trips 528
Hauling 90 44 8 11.4 0.28 0.20 0.08 0.04 0.07 0.02
Vendor 4 44 8 6.9 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 44 8 14.7 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00
Demolition 2023
Total Haul Trips 36
Hauling 90 3 8 11.4 0.28 0.19 0.08 0.04 0.07 0.02
Vendor 4 3 8 6.9 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 3 8 14.7 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00
Covina Public Storage Project
Road Dust, Break Wear, and Tire wear Emissions
Emission Factors
PM10 PM2.5
(grams/mile)
(pounds/day)
PM10 PM2.5

Page 565 of 1828 ends

RD BW TW RD BW TW
2022Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.086593921 0.03543077 1.85E-02 0.03030787 0.00885769 2022Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.065113667 0.02371539 1.85E-02 0.02278978 0.00592885 2022Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009511466 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00332901 0.002 2023Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084714206 0.03543552 1.85E-02 0.02964997 0.00885888 2023Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.064163683 0.02371776 1.85E-02 0.02245729 0.00592944 2023Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009477692 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00331719 0.002 2026Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084352575 0.03544711 1.85E-02 0.0295234 0.00886178 2026Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063787152 0.02372356 1.85E-02 0.0223255 0.00593089 2026Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009353635 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00327377 0.002 2027Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084297987 0.03545106 1.85E-02 0.0295043 0.00886277 2027Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063623189 0.02372553 1.85E-02 0.02226812 0.00593138 2027Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009305649 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00325698 0.002 Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) RD BW TW RD BW TW
Covina Public Storage Project
Road Dust, Break Wear, and Tire wear Emissions
Emission Factors
PM10 PM2.5
(grams/mile)
(pounds/day)
PM10 PM2.5
Site Preparation 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 33 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 33 8 6.9 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 33 8 14.7 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00
Grading/Excavation 2023
Total Haul Trips 1000
Hauling 50 29 8 11.4 0.15 0.11 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.01
Vendor 4 29 8 6.9 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 20 29 8 14.7 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00

Page 566 of 1828 ends

RD BW TW RD BW TW
2022Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.086593921 0.03543077 1.85E-02 0.03030787 0.00885769 2022Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.065113667 0.02371539 1.85E-02 0.02278978 0.00592885 2022Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009511466 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00332901 0.002 2023Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084714206 0.03543552 1.85E-02 0.02964997 0.00885888 2023Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.064163683 0.02371776 1.85E-02 0.02245729 0.00592944 2023Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009477692 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00331719 0.002 2026Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084352575 0.03544711 1.85E-02 0.0295234 0.00886178 2026Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063787152 0.02372356 1.85E-02 0.0223255 0.00593089 2026Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009353635 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00327377 0.002 2027Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084297987 0.03545106 1.85E-02 0.0295043 0.00886277 2027Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063623189 0.02372553 1.85E-02 0.02226812 0.00593138 2027Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009305649 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00325698 0.002 Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) RD BW TW RD BW TW
Covina Public Storage Project
Road Dust, Break Wear, and Tire wear Emissions
Emission Factors
PM10 PM2.5
(grams/mile)
(pounds/day)
PM10 PM2.5
Drainage/Utilities/Trenching 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 21 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 21 8 6.9 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 50 21 8 14.7 0.20 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00
Foundations/Concrete Pour 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 14 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 150 14 8 6.9 0.28 0.15 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.01
Worker 60 14 8 14.7 0.24 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.00

Page 567 of 1828 ends

RD BW TW RD BW TW
2022Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.086593921 0.03543077 1.85E-02 0.03030787 0.00885769 2022Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.065113667 0.02371539 1.85E-02 0.02278978 0.00592885 2022Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009511466 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00332901 0.002 2023Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084714206 0.03543552 1.85E-02 0.02964997 0.00885888 2023Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.064163683 0.02371776 1.85E-02 0.02245729 0.00592944 2023Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009477692 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00331719 0.002 2026Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084352575 0.03544711 1.85E-02 0.0295234 0.00886178 2026Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063787152 0.02372356 1.85E-02 0.0223255 0.00593089 2026Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009353635 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00327377 0.002 2027Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084297987 0.03545106 1.85E-02 0.0295043 0.00886277 2027Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063623189 0.02372553 1.85E-02 0.02226812 0.00593138 2027Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009305649 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00325698 0.002 Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) RD BW TW RD BW TW
Covina Public Storage Project
Road Dust, Break Wear, and Tire wear Emissions
Emission Factors
PM10 PM2.5
(grams/mile)
(pounds/day)
PM10 PM2.5
Building Construction 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 117 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 117 8 6.9 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 160 117 8 14.7 0.64 0.05 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.01
Paving 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 30 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 4 30 8 6.9 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 30 30 8 14.7 0.12 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00

Page 568 of 1828 ends

RD BW TW RD BW TW
2022Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.086593921 0.03543077 1.85E-02 0.03030787 0.00885769 2022Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.065113667 0.02371539 1.85E-02 0.02278978 0.00592885 2022Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009511466 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00332901 0.002 2023Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084714206 0.03543552 1.85E-02 0.02964997 0.00885888 2023Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.064163683 0.02371776 1.85E-02 0.02245729 0.00592944 2023Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009477692 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00331719 0.002 2026Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084352575 0.03544711 1.85E-02 0.0295234 0.00886178 2026Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063787152 0.02372356 1.85E-02 0.0223255 0.00593089 2026Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009353635 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00327377 0.002 2027Hauling Hauling 1.23E-01 0.084297987 0.03545106 1.85E-02 0.0295043 0.00886277 2027Vendor Vendor 1.23E-01 0.063623189 0.02372553 1.85E-02 0.02226812 0.00593138 2027Worker Worker 1.23E-01 0.009305649 0.008 1.85E-02 0.00325698 0.002 Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) RD BW TW RD BW TW
Covina Public Storage Project
Road Dust, Break Wear, and Tire wear Emissions
Emission Factors
PM10 PM2.5
(grams/mile)
(pounds/day)
PM10 PM2.5
Architectural Coating 2023
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 10 8 11.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 2 10 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 10 10 8 14.7 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00

Page 569 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Self Storage
Construction Energy Analysis
Annual Fuel Summary
Heavy-Duty Construction Equipment
13,263 Total Project Consumption
13,263 Annual Consumption
Haul Trucks
11,561 Total Project Consumption
11,561 Annual Consumption
Vendor Trucks
3,403 Total Project Consumption
3,403 Annual Consumption
Workers
13,705 Total Project Consumption
13,705 Annual Consumption
14,964 Project Consumption of diesel for Haul Trucks and Vendors 14,964 Annual Consumption
28,226 Total Gallons Diesel
13,705 Total Gallons Gasoline

1.0 Estimated Project Construction Duration (years)
28,226 Annual Average Gallons Diesel
13,705 Annual Average Gallons Gasoline
Percent of Annual Project Compared to Los Angeles County Source Fuel Type Gallons
Workers Gasoline 2,770,000,000 0.0005%
Off-Road/Vendor/Haul Trucks Diesel 610,204,082 0.005%
Notes:
1 Annual Electricity Summary
Temporary Construction Trailer - Electricity 12,990 kWh/year Water Conveyance for Dust Control 566 kWh/year
Total 13,556 kWh/year
85,399,000 Total SCE, 2019

0.000% Project percentage of SCE
Los Angeles County
Gasoline and diesel amounts from CEC, 2019. Available: https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/energyalmanac/transportation-energy/california-retail-fuel-outlet-annual-reporting

Page 570 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Self Storage
Construction Energy
Construction Water Energy Estimates
Grading/Excavation 0.5 29 0.044 0.6 0.6
Total 0.044 0.6 0.6
Electricity Intensity
Factor To Supply
(kWh/Mgal)
Electricity Intensity Factor To
Treat (kWh/Mgal)
Electricity Intensity Factor To
Distribute (kWh/Mgal)
Electricity Intensity
Factor For Wastewater
Treatment (kWh/Mgal)
9727 111 1272 1911
Construction Water GHG Electricity Emission Electricity Emission

0.14 (MT CO2e/MWh) (lbs CO2e/MWh)

0.25 541.32
Sources and Assumptions:

CalEEMod Appendix A, Pg. 8, based on given piece of equipment can pass over in an 8-hour workday -Electricity Intensity Factors - California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod). -Estimated construction water use assumed to be generally equivalent to landscape irrigation, based on a factor of 20.94 gallons per year per square foot of landscaped area within the Los Angeles area (Mediterranean climate), which assumes high water demand landscaping materials and an irrigation system efficiency of 85%.

CalEEMod Water Electricity Factors
Source
Acreage/Day Number of Days
Total Construction Water
Use (Mgal)
Electricity Demand
from Water
Conveyance (MWh)
Annual Electricity
Demand from Water
Conveyance (MWh)

Page 571 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Self Storage
Construction Energy Analysis
Land Use Square Feet Energy Use per year
(kWh)
Total Energy
Use (kWh)
GHG
Emissions/
year
(MTCO2e)
Total GHG
Emissions for
Construction
Duration
Energy
Use per
SF
General Office 1,000 12,990 12,990.00 3.2 3.2 13.0
Temporary Construction Trailer - Electricity
Note: CalEEMod 2016.3.2 used to estimate energy use for temporary construction office

Page 572 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Self Storage
Construction Energy Analysis
Off-Road Equipment
Equipment ≤ 100 hp
pounds diesel fuel/hp-hr (lb/hp-hr):1 0.408 lb/hp-hr
diesel density (lb/gal):1 7.11 lb/gal
diesel gallons/hp-hr: 0.0574 gal/hp-hr
Total <100 170,659 hp-hr
Total diesel gallons: 9,795 gal
Equipment > 100 hp
pounds diesel fuel/hp-hr (lb/hp-hr):1 0.367 lb/hp-hr
diesel density (lb/gal):1 7.11 lb/gal
diesel gallons/hp-hr: 0.0516 gal/hp-hr
Total >100 67,174 hp-hr
Total diesel gallons: 3,468 gal
Total diesel gallons (off-road equipment): 13,263 gal

1. OFFROAD2017 Emission Factor Documentation
Construction Phase Equipment Number Hours/Day HP Load Days Total hp-hr Demolition Rough Terrain Forklifts 1 8 100 0.4 47 15,040 Demolition Sweepers/Scrubbers 1 8 64 0.46 47 11,069
Demolition Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 1 8 97 0.37 47 13,495 Site Preparation Excavators 1 8 158 0.38 33 15,851
Site Preparation Rough Terrain Forklifts 1 8 100 0.4 33 10,560 Site Preparation Sweepers/Scrubbers 1 8 64 0.46 33 7,772 Grading/Excavation Excavators 1 8 158 0.38 29 13,929
Grading/Excavation Graders 1 8 187 0.41 29 17,787
Grading/Excavation Rough Terrain Forklifts 1 8 100 0.4 29 9,280 Grading/Excavation Sweepers/Scrubbers 1 8 64 0.46 29 6,830 Grading/Excavation Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 1 7 97 0.37 29 7,286 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching Rough Terrain Forklifts 1 8 100 0.4 21 6,720 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching Sweepers/Scrubbers 1 8 64 0.46 21 4,946 Drainage/Utilities/Trenching Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 1 7 97 0.37 21 5,276 Foundations/Concrete Pour Concrete/Industrial Saws 1 8 81 0.73 14 6,623 Foundations/Concrete Pour Rough Terrain Forklifts 1 8 100 0.4 14 4,480 Foundations/Concrete Pour Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 1 6 97 0.37 14 3,015 Building Construction Forklifts 1 7 89 0.2 117 14,578
Building Construction Rough Terrain Forklifts 1 8 100 0.4 117 37,440 Paving Pavers 1 8 130 0.42 24 10,483
Paving Paving Equipment 1 8 132 0.36 24 9,124
Architectural Coating Aerial Lifts 2 8 63 0.31 20 6,250 Total >100 67,174
Total <100 170,659

Page 573 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Air Quality Assessment
Regional Operational Emissions
Source VOC NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
Area (Consumer Products, Landscaping) 3.20 0.00 0.02 0.00E+00 0.00 0.00 Energy (Natural Gas) 0.00 0.04 0.03 2.10E-04 0.00 0.00
Motor Vehicles 0.61 0.85 5.80 0.02 0.62 0.12
Total Project On-Site and Off-Site Emissions 4 1 6 0.0 1 0 SCAQMD Numeric Indicators 55.0 55.0 550.0 150.0 150.0 55.0 Over/(Under) (51) (54) (544.2) (150.0) (149) (55)
Exceeds Thresholds? No No No No No No
Net Regional Operations
Source VOC NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
Area (Consumer Products, Landscaping) 2 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1
Energy (Natural Gas) -<1 -<1 -<1 -<1 -<1 -<1
Motor Vehicles -<1 0 -<1 -<1 -<1 -<1
Total Project On-Site and Off-Site Emissions 2 0 -1 0 0 0 SCAQMD Numeric Indicators 55 55 550 150 150.0 55.0
Over/(Under) (53) (55) (551) (150) (150.0) (55.0)
Exceeds Thresholds? No No No No No No
Maximum Unmitigated Regional Operational Emissions (pounds per day) a Maximum Unmitigated Regional Operational Emissions (pounds per day) a

Page 574 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Air Quality Assessment
Localized Operational Emissions
Source NOX CO PM10 PM2.5
Area (Consumer Products, Landscaping) 0.0002 0.017 0.0001 0.0001 Energy (Natural Gas) 0.035 0.030 0.003 0.003
Total Project On-Site Emissions 0.035 0.047 0.003 0.003 SCAQMD Numeric Indicators 128 953 2.00 2.00
Over/(Under) (128) (953) (2.0) (2.0)
Exceeds Thresholds? No No No No
Net Localized Operational Emissions
Source NOX CO PM10 PM2.5
Area (Consumer Products, Landscaping) 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 Energy (Natural Gas) -0.23 -0.19 -0.02 -0.02
Total Project On-Site Emissions -0.23 -0.18 -0.02 -0.02 SCAQMD Numeric Indicators 128 953 2.00 2.00
Over/(Under) -128 -953 -2.02 -2.02
Exceeds Thresholds? No No No No
Maximum Unmitigated Localized Operational Emissions (pounds per day) a Localized significance thresholds from SCAQMD Look-Up tables, scaled for a 2-acre site in SRA 9 with the neareast sensitive receptor within 25 meters from the Site.

Maximum Unmitigated Localized Operational Emissions (pounds per day) a

Page 575 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Summary
Category MTCO2e/yr Category MTCO2e/yr
Mobile 269 On Road Mobile Sources 284
Area 0.0015
Energy (Electricity and
Natural Gas) 201
Area 0 Water 34
Electricity 131 Waste 58
Waste <1 Total Existing Emissions 579
Water 140
EV Charging 1
Construction 10
Project Subtotal 551
Existing 579
Project Net Total GHG Emissions (28)
MTCO2e=Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide equivalents
Note: Waste emissions are only from the office building portion.

Project Operations GHG Summary (Full Buildout Year 2024 Existing Emissions Summary

Page 576 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Construction GHG Emissions Summary
Year Project Total
2022 41
2023 273
Project Total 314
30 Year-Amortization 10
MTCO2e=Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide equivalents

Page 577 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Air Quality and GHG Assessment
Operational Mobile Emissions
Criteria Pollutant Emission Factors (lb/mile) GHG Emissions (metric tons/mile) Criteria Pollutant Emissions (pounds/day) GHG Emissions (metric tons/year) Year Max Daily VMT Annual VMT ROG NOx CO SOx PM10 Road Dust PM10 PM10 Total PM2 5 Road Dust PM2 5 PM2.5 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e ROG NOx CO SOx PM10 Road Dust PM10 PM10 Total PM2 5 Road Dust PM2 5 PM2.5 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e 1 25 298
Project 2024 1,876 684,634 3.26E-04 4.55E-04 3.09E-03 8.24E-06 2.72E-04 5.67E-05 3.29E-04 4.08E-05 2.15E-05 6.22E-05 3.86E-04 2.00E-08 2.04E-08 3.93E-04 0.61 0.85 5.80 0.02 0.51 0.11 0.62 0.08 0.04 0.12 264.45 0.01 0.01 268.96 Existing 2022 1,902 694,232 3.70E-04 5.66E-04 3.59E-03 8.59E-06 2.72E-04 5.73E-05 3.29E-04 4.08E-05 2.21E-05 6.29E-05 4.03E-04 2.23E-08 2.19E-08 4.10E-04 0.70 1.08 6.83 0.02 0.52 0.11 0.63 0.08 0.04 0.12 279.55 0.02 0.02 284.47 Difference
Daily Trips VMT/Trip Daily VMT
Project 214 8.765 1875.71
Existing 217 8.765 1902.005
Source: LSA, Trip Generation Memo, July 30, 2021.

Trips for Unrefrigerated Warehouse
Non-Res C-C Trip Length
(miles)
Non-Res C-W
Trip Length
(miles)
Non-Res C-NW
Trip Length
(miles) Primary % Divert % Pass-by %
Weighted Avg Trip
Length (miles)

8.4 16.6 6.9 92% 5% 3% 8.765
Source: CalEEMod 2020.4.0
Trips for Manufacturing
Non-Res C-C Trip Length
(miles)
Non-Res C-W
Trip Length
(miles)
Non-Res C-NW
Trip Length
(miles) Primary % Divert % Pass-by %
Weighted Avg Trip
Length (miles)

8.4 16.6 6.9 92% 5% 3% 8.765
Source: CalEEMod 2020.4.0

Page 578 of 1828 ends

Row Labels Sum of ROG_TOTAL Sum of NOx_TOTEX Sum of CO_TOTEX Sum of SOx_TOTEX Sum of PM10_TOTAL Sum of PM2.5_TOTAL Sum of CO2_TOTEX Sum of CH4_TOTEX Sum of N2O_TOTEX Sum of Total VMT 2024 46.81387719 65.39336296 443.7568226 1.18250584 8.147639735 3.082049915 122268.2857 6.323573595 6.466685631 287155830.8 2022 52.02015154 79.72039361 505.6648129 1.208950571 8.068815902 3.108072921 124957.8548 6.934362899 6.801873496 281521320 Grand Total 98.83402873 145.1137566 949.4216355 2.391456411 16.21645564 6.190122835 247226.1406 13.25793649 13.26855913 568677150.8 Tons/Day
Row Labels Sum of ROG_TOTAL Sum of NOx_TOTEX Sum of CO_TOTEX Sum of SOx_TOTEX Sum of PM10_TOTAL Sum of PM2.5_TOTAL Sum of CO2_TOTEX Sum of CH4_TOTEX Sum of N2O_TOTEX Sum of Total VMT 2024 46.81387719 65.39336296 443.7568226 1.18250584 8.147639735 3.082049915 122268.2857 6.323573595 6.466685631 287155830.8 2022 52.02015154 79.72039361 505.6648129 1.208950571 8.068815902 3.108072921 124957.8548 6.934362899 6.801873496 281521320 Emissions Factors
ROG NOx CO SOx PM10 PM2_5 CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
2024 0.000326052 0.000455456 0.003090704 8.23599E-06 5.67472E-05 2.1466E-05 0.000386271 1.99775E-08 2.04296E-08 0.000392858 2022 0.000369565 0.000566354 0.003592373 8.5887E-06 5.73229E-05 2.20806E-05 0.000402669 2.23456E-08 2.19186E-08 0.000409759 lbs/mile MT/mile

Page 579 of 1828 ends

Paved Road Dust Emission Factors County_Air District: Los Angeles SC Formula: EFDust,P = (k (sL)0.91 × (W)1.02) x (1-P/4N)
Where:

EFDust,P =
k = particle size multiplier
sL = road surface silt loading (g/m2
)
W =
P =
N =
Emission Factor (grams per VMT)
PM10 PM2.5
k 1.0000 0.1500
sL 0.03892 0.03892
W 2.4 2.4
P 46 46
N 365 365
EFDust,P 0.1233 0.0185
Unpaved Road Dust Emission Factors (Assumes No Precipitation) Formula: EFDust,U = (k ( s / 12)1
× (Sp / 30)0.5 / (M / 0.5)0.2) - C)
Where:

EFDust,U = Unpaved Road Dust Emission Factor (having the same units as k) k = particle size multiplier
s = surface material silt content (%)
Sp = mean vehicle speed (mph)
M = surface material moisture content (%)
C = Emission Factor for 1980s vehicle fleet exhaust, brake wear, and tire wear Emission Factor (grams per VMT)
PM10 PM2.5
k 816.47 81.65
s 4.3% 4.3%
Sp 15 15
M 0.5% 0.5%
C 0.00047 0.00036
EFDust,U 5.20E+00 5.19E-01
Covina Public Storage Project
Road Dust
the number of days in the annual averaging
period (default = 365)
Paved Road Dust Emission Factor (having
the same units as k)
weighted average silt loading factor used
average fleet vehicle weight (tons) (CARB
uses 2.4 tons as a fleet average vehicle
weight factor)
number of “wet” days, when at least one
site per county received at least 0.01 inch
Table 5 of CARB Miscellaneous Process
Methodology 7.9 for Los Angeles County
Autoupdates for the appropriate County using Table 5
CARB Miscellaneous Process Methodology 7.9

Page 580 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Self Storage
Operational Energy Demand
Electricity kWh/yr MWh/yr Electricity MWh/yr (Supplied) MWh/yr (Sales) Existing
Manufacturing 600,786 600.8 Total SCE, 2020 84,654,000 85,399,000 Existing Total - Building Energy 600,786 600.8 Project - Net Total 263 262.6 Existing Total (including water) 767,361 767.4
Project
General Office Building 13,969 14.0
Unrefrigerated Warehouse - No Rail 575,911 575.9
City Park 0 -
Parking Lot 3,640 3.6
Other Asphalt Surfaces 0 -
EV Charging (see worksheet) 4,818 5
Solar PV - -
Project Total Building Energy 593,520 593.5 Percent Net Project of SCE 0.0003% 0.0003% Project Total 598,338 598.3
Total (including water, see below) 1,029,917 1,029.9
Net Total 262,556 262.6
Source: California Air Resources Board, CalEEMod, Version 2016.3.2. Source: Southern California Edison 2020 Annual Report. https://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/SupDoc/ Water Mgal/yr MWh/yr
Existing
Manufacturing 12.8 166.58
Existing Total 12.8 166.58
Project
General Office Building 0.26 3.36
Unrefrigerated Warehouse - No Rail 32.62 424.81
City Park 0.26 3.41
Parking Lot 0.00 -
Other Asphalt Surfaces 0.00 -
Project Total 33.145 431.58
Electricity Intensity Factors kWh/Mgal
Electricity Factor - Supply 9,727
Electricity Factor - Treat 111
Electricity Factor - Distribute 1,272
Electricity Factor - Wastewater Treatment 1,911
Source: California Air Resources Board, CalEEMod, Version 2016.3.2.

Water Demand based on Project Water supply Assessment
Sewage Facilities Charge, Sewage Generation Factor for Residential and Commercial Categories, 2012.

Page 581 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Self Storage
Operational Energy Analysis
Estimated Electricity demand from Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) Land Use Type
Number of EVSE
Charging Spaces
Number of Spaces
with EV Chargers b
Average Charge
(kWh/day) a Days/Year Electricity Demand (kWh/yr)
Electricity Demand
(MWh/yr)
Total 26 3.00 4.4 365 4,818 4.82
Notes:
a. Estimated based on reference sources listed below.
b. Project would install EV charging spaces for approximately 10 percent of its 403 required parking spaces for immediate use. c. Project would install pre-wiring for EV charging spaces for 20 percent of its parking capacity for future use (so 10% in addition to the immediate use).

Sources:

US Department of Energy. Alternative Fuels Data Center, 2016. Hybrid and Plug-In Electric Vehicle Emissions Data Sources and Assumptions.

Available at: https://www.afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric_emissions_sources.html.

US Department of Energy. Smith, Margaret, 2016. Level 1 Electric Vehicle Charging Stations at the Workplace.

Available at: https://www.afdc.energy.gov/uploads/publication/WPCC_L1ChargingAtTheWorkplace_0716.pdf.

UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation. Williams, Brett and JR deShazo, 2013. Pricing Workplace Charging: Financial Viability and Fueling Costs.

Available at: http://luskin.ucla.edu/sites/default/files/Luskin-WPC-TRB-13-11-15d.pdf. 4/6/2022

Page 582 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Self Storage
Project Energy Analysis
Fuel Usage from VMT
Annual VMT (Traffic Study)4: 684,634 miles/year
Fuel Type:1 Gasoline Diesel Electricity Natural Gas Plug-in Hybrid Percent: 89.6% 5.0% 3.2% 0.3% 1.9%
Miles per Gallon Fuel: 24.2 8.5 - 4.1 56.3
Annual VMT by Fuel Type (miles): 613,218 34,203 22,081 2,104 13,028 Annual Fuel Usage (gallons): 25,299 4,016 - 66 232
Gasoline Diesel
Los Angeles County: 2,770,000,000 610,204,082
Mobile 25,530 4,016
Project Total 25,530 4,016
Existing Total 27,216 4,054
Net Project Total (1,685) (37)
Percent Net Project of Los Angeles County: 0.000% 0.000% Notes:

1. California Air Resources Board, EMFAC2021 (LA County; Annual; 2024', Aggregate Fleet).

2. Assumes electric vehicles would replace traditional gasoline-fueled vehicles.

3. Los Angeles County Fuel Consumption 3
California Energy Commission, California Retail Fuel Outlet Annual Reporting (CEC-A15) Results, 2019. Available at:
https://ww2.energy.ca.gov/almanac/transportation_data/gasoline/piira_retail_survey.html. Accessed May 2021. Diesel is adjusted to account for retail (48%) and non-retail (52%) diesel sales.

Page 583 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Self Storage
Project Energy Analysis
Fuel Usage from VMT
Annual VMT (Traffic Study)4: 694,232 miles/year
Fuel Type:1 Gasoline Diesel Electricity Natural Gas Plug-in Hybrid Percent: 91.1% 4.8% 2.2% 0.3% 1.6%
Miles per Gallon Fuel: 23.4 8.2 - 4.0 53.3
Annual VMT by Fuel Type (miles): 632,734 33,274 15,238 2,170 10,817 Annual Fuel Usage (gallons): 27,012 4,054 - 69 203
Gasoline Diesel
Los Angeles County: 2,770,000,000 610,204,082
Mobile 27,216 4,054
Existing Total 27,216 4,054
Percent Net Project of Los Angeles County: 0.001% 0.001% Notes:

1. California Air Resources Board, EMFAC2021 (LA County; Annual; 2024', Aggregate Fleet).

2. Assumes electric vehicles would replace traditional gasoline-fueled vehicles.

Page 584 of 1828 ends

Covina Public Storage Project
Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual
Project Characteristics - CO2 intensity adjusted for 2022 const start date per 2020 Power Content Label Land Use - 2.7 acre site
Construction Phase - per client
Off-road Equipment - per client
Off-road Equipment - per client
Off-road Equipment - per client
Off-road Equipment - per client
Off-road Equipment - per client

1.1 Land Usage
Land Uses Size Metric Lot Acreage Floor Surface Area Population General Office Building 0.90 1000sqft 0.02 900.00 0
Unrefrigerated Warehouse-No Rail 141.08 1000sqft 0.98 141,084.00 0 Parking Lot 26.00 Space 0.23 10,400.00 0
City Park 0.22 Acre 0.22 9,781.00 0
Other Asphalt Surfaces 1.25 Acre 1.25 54,450.00 0

1.2 Other Project Characteristics
Urbanization
Climate Zone
Urban
9 Wind Speed (m/s) 2.2 Precipitation Freq (Days) 33

1.3 User Entered Comments & Non-Default Data

1.0 Project Characteristics
Utility Company Southern California Edison
Operational Year 2024
CO2 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
541.32 CH4 Intensity 0.033
(lb/MWhr)
N2O Intensity 0.004
(lb/MWhr)
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 43 Date: 2/14/2022 8:54 AM Covina Public Storage Project - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Page 585 of 1828 ends

Off-road Equipment - per client
Off-road Equipment - per client
Off-road Equipment - per client
Trips and VMT - mobile calc separately
Demolition - per client
Grading - 8000 cy export
Vehicle Trips - mobile counted separately
Woodstoves - construction only run
Construction Off-road Equipment Mitigation - Tier 3
Table Name Column Name Default Value New Value
tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 2.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 2.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 6.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 4.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 4.00 tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 2 of 43 Date: 2/14/2022 8:54 AM Covina Public Storage Project - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Page 586 of 1828 ends

tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 3
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 10.00 20.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 220.00 14.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 220.00 117.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 20.00 47.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 6.00 29.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 6.00 21.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 10.00 24.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 3.00 33.00
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 9/23/2024 10/13/2023
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 10/23/2023 5/20/2023
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 8/26/2024 10/31/2023
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 11/28/2022 1/4/2023
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 12/9/2022 4/1/2023
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 12/19/2022 5/1/2023
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 9/9/2024 9/15/2023
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 12/1/2022 2/20/2023
tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 9/10/2024 9/16/2023 tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 12/20/2022 5/2/2023 tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 10/24/2023 5/21/2023 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 3 of 43 Date: 2/14/2022 8:54 AM Covina Public Storage Project - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Page 587 of 1828 ends

tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 12/2/2022 2/21/2023 tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 12/10/2022 4/2/2023 tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 8/27/2024 8/15/2023 tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 11/29/2022 1/5/2023 tblGrading MaterialExported 0.00 11,500.00
tblGrading MaterialImported 0.00 3,500.00
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 141,080.00 141,084.00
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 9,583.20 9,781.00
tblLandUse LotAcreage 3.24 0.98
tblOffRoadEquipment LoadFactor 0.40 0.40
tblOffRoadEquipment LoadFactor 0.46 0.46
tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Rough Terrain Forklifts tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Sweepers/Scrubbers tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Excavators
tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Rough Terrain Forklifts tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Sweepers/Scrubbers tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Excavators
tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Rough Terrain Forklifts tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Sweepers/Scrubbers tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Rough Terrain Forklifts tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Sweepers/Scrubbers tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Concrete/Industrial Saws tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Rough Terrain Forklifts tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Rough Terrain Forklifts tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Aerial Lifts
tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 4 of 43 Date: 2/14/2022 8:54 AM Covina Public Storage Project - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Page 588 of 1828 ends

tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 2.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 2.00 1.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 2.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 3.00 1.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 2.00 1.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 2.00 1.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 3.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 3.00 0.00 tblProjectCharacteristics CH4IntensityFactor 0 0.033
tblProjectCharacteristics CO2IntensityFactor 0 541.32
tblProjectCharacteristics N2OIntensityFactor 0 0.004
tblTripsAndVMT HaulingTripNumber 222.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT HaulingTripNumber 1,483.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT VendorTripNumber 36.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT VendorTripNumber 36.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 18.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 91.00 0.00
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 5 of 43 Date: 2/14/2022 8:54 AM Covina Public Storage Project - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Page 589 of 1828 ends

2.0 Emissions Summary
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 91.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 8.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 13.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 8.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 5.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 8.00 0.00
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 6 of 43 Date: 2/14/2022 8:54 AM Covina Public Storage Project - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Page 590 of 1828 ends

2.1 Overall Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year tons/yr MT/yr
2022 0.0103 0.1089 0.1416 2.0000e0040.0225 5.7500e0030.0283 3.4100e0035.2900e0038.7000e0030.0000 17.5728 17.5728 5.6800e0030.0000 17.7148 2023 0.7167 0.5043 0.6914 1.0900e0039.2300e0030.0224 0.0316 1.0600e0030.0207 0.0217 0.0000 95.6219 95.6219 0.0299 0.0000 96.3693 Maximum 0.7167 0.5043 0.6914 1.0900e0030.0225 0.0224 0.0316 3.4100e0030.0207 0.0217 0.0000 95.6219 95.6219 0.0299 0.0000 96.3693 Unmitigated Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year tons/yr MT/yr
2022 4.9000e0030.1119 0.1511 2.0000e0048.7900e0037.8400e0030.0166 1.3300e0037.8400e0039.1700e0030.0000 17.5727 17.5727 5.6800e0030.0000 17.7148 2023 0.6956 0.5753 0.7972 1.0900e0033.6000e0030.0361 0.0397 4.1000e0040.0361 0.0365 0.0000 95.6218 95.6218 0.0299 0.0000 96.3692 Maximum 0.6956 0.5753 0.7972 1.0900e0038.7900e0030.0361 0.0397 1.3300e0030.0361 0.0365 0.0000 95.6218 95.6218 0.0299 0.0000 96.3692 Mitigated Construction
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 7 of 43 Date: 2/14/2022 8:54 AM Covina Public Storage Project - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Page 591 of 1828 ends

ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e
Percent
Reduction

3.65 -12.06 -13.85 0.00 61.00 -56.17 5.96 61.07 -69.29 -50.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Quarter Start Date End Date Maximum Unmitigated ROG + NOX (tons/quarter) Maximum Mitigated ROG + NOX (tons/quarter) 1 11-1-2022 1-31-2023 0.1747 0.1819
2 2-1-2023 4-30-2023 0.2534 0.2529
3 5-1-2023 7-31-2023 0.1029 0.1170
4 8-1-2023 9-30-2023 0.4623 0.4811
Highest 0.4623 0.4811

2.2 Overall Operational
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Area 0.5843 2.0000e0052.1600e0030.0000 1.0000e0051.0000e0051.0000e0051.0000e0050.0000 4.2100e0034.2100e0031.0000e0050.0000 4.4800e003 Energy 7.0000e0046.4000e0035.3800e0034.0000e0054.9000e0044.9000e0044.9000e0044.9000e0040.0000 143.3032 143.3032 8.4400e0031.1400e003143.8526 Mobile 0.1524 0.1849 1.6820 3.7900e0030.4036 2.7400e0030.4063 0.1077 2.5500e0030.1102 0.0000 351.0373 351.0373 0.0230 0.0147 355.9911 Waste 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 27.0952 0.0000 27.0952 1.6013 0.0000 67.1273 Water 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 10.4011 105.8004 116.2015 1.0747 0.0260 150.8199 Total 0.7373 0.1913 1.6895 3.8300e0030.4036 3.2400e0030.4068 0.1077 3.0500e0030.1107 37.4963 600.1451 637.6414 2.7074 0.0419 717.7954 Unmitigated Operational
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 8 of 43 Date: 2/14/2022 8:54 AM Covina Public Storage Project - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Page 592 of 1828 ends

3.0 Construction Detail
Construction Phase
Phase
Number
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Num Days
Week
Num Days Phase Description
1 Demolition Demolition 11/1/2022 1/4/2023 5 47
2 Site Preparation Site Preparation 1/5/2023 2/20/2023 5 33 3 Grading/Excavation Grading 2/21/2023 4/1/2023 5 29
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e
Percent
Reduction

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 9 of 43 Date: 2/14/2022 8:54 AM Covina Public Storage Project - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Page 593 of 1828 ends

Covina City CouncilDecember 6, 2022

Covina City Council
December 6, 2022