Corona City Council
June 3, 2026

Chapter 3 – Service Area Description
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
3-5
Climate change is expected to result in more variable weather patterns throughout California.

A network of man-made reservoirs and aqueducts captures and transports water from northern California rivers and the Colorado River throughout the state. The water distribution supply currently uses the Sierra Nevada snowpack to supply water during the drier spring and summer months. The winter snow season could be shortened due to the rising temperature of the ocean. This is a major source of water supply for California, and less snow could lead to water supply shortages.

As of 2023, the measure for the Sierra Snowpack was recorded to be 237 percent of the average, driven by significant winter storms and widespread flooding. This represented the highest recorded value since the snow sensor was established in the mid-1980s. In 2024, measurements indicated that by the end of March, the snowpack exceeded 100 percent of normal conditions. Most recently, on April 1, 2025, the state average snowpack measured 96% of normal. At that time, the average snow depth was 39.5 inches, with a snow water content of 17-inches – approximately 70% of the average for that location. The last time the snowpack was normal from measurements was on April 1, 2010.

The increase in the ambient global temperature as a result of increased greenhouse global gases is also anticipated to result in rising sea levels. Light snowpack, possible coastal erosion and sea water intrusion are all examples of damage due to climate change that could impact water supply and should be monitored for future reports.

Water supply, supply reliability, and demands are all affected by local and regional climates.

The effects of climate change will play an important role in water planning. The impacts of climate change on water supply, demand, and supply reliability are discussed further in later sections of this report.

3.4 Service Area Population and Demographics
§10631 (a) (Describe the service area) current and projected population... The projected population estimates shall be based upon data from the state, regional, or local service agency population projections within the service area of the urban water supplier . . . (population projections) shall be in five-year increments to 20 years or as far as data is available.

3.4.1 Service Area Population
In the 2020 UWMP, the City of Corona utilized the DWR Population Tool to determine current and historical population. Projections were calculated by using County of Riverside estimates since the County projected on a 5-year basis through 2035. Population projections for the 2025 UWMP were calculated using the most recent census data. For the following 20 years, calculations based on the census showed a decrease in population of approximately 5.8%, as shown in Table 2-1.

Table 3-2 – Current and Projected City of Corona Population City of Corona
Population
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
169,380 168,892 168,404 167,916 167,428

Chapter 3 – Service Area Description
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
3-6

3.4.2 Other Social, Economic, and Demographic Factors
§10631(a) Describe . . . other social, economic, and demographic factors affecting the supplier's water management planning.

Table 3-3 - Percentage of Area Encompassed by Water Service Boundary City Total Area Within
Service Area (%)
City of Corona Neighboring Cities
87 13
The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) has prepared local profiles for each SCAG member jurisdiction every two years since 2009. The local profiles provide jurisdictions with updated data and analysis to support community planning and outreach efforts. The following information was obtained from the SCAG profile of 2022. Since the City of Corona encompasses approximately 87% of the City’s water service area, the City of Corona’s demographic factors were considered representative of the City’s water service area.

Household Income
As of 2022, the City of Corona's median household income of $103,727 was 20.42% above the county's median.

Disadvantage Communities
Within the City, there are a few tract communities that fall within the Department of Consumer Affairs (DCA) definition of “disadvantaged communities (DAC).” The DCA GIS portal2 for disadvantaged communities was updated in 2023 and uses 2019-2023 census data to identify local communities that fall under the median household income of $84,505. These various tracts make up about 1,534 households within the City’s boundary, as shown in Figure 3-4
2 DAC Mapping Tool (ca.gov)

Chapter 3 – Service Area Description
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
3-7
Figure 3-4 - Disadvantaged Communities Bounded by Water Service Area A portion of the service area has a median household income below the county’s average; some residents may face financial strain if water costs increase.

Housing
City of Corona’s housing supply is strongly oriented to single-family homes, with 71.2% of the housing stock in 2022 either detached or attached single-family homes. Multi-family homes and mobile homes accounted for 25.5% and 3.3%, respectively.

Education Levels
In 2022, 85.8% of the population completed high school or higher, and 30.5% percent completed a bachelor’s degree or higher.

Health Status
According to SCAG, the health status for the City of Corona is comparable to that of Riverside County, as shown in Table 3-4.

Table 3-4 – Public Health Indicators
City Obesity Asthma Diabetes Heart
Disease
City of Corona 33.8% 15.9% 12.4% 7.1%
Riverside County 33.9% 15.6% 12.6% 8.2%

Chapter 3 – Service Area Description
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
3-8
Age Distribution
The age distribution of the City of Corona is very similar to the County, with a median age of

35.9 compared to the County median of 36.3. According to SCAG, City of Corona residents aged 65 and older accounted for 11% of the population in 2022, 39.9% of the residents are between 35 and 64, 21.4% between 20 and 34, and 27.6% between 0 and 19 years old.

3.5 Land Uses within Service Area
§10631(a) The description shall include the current and projected land uses within the existing or anticipated service area affecting the supplier’s water management planning. Urban water suppliers shall coordinate with local or regional land use authorities to determine the most appropriate land use information, including, where appropriate, land use information obtained from local or regional land use authorities…
The City’s Water Service Area includes the City of Corona and portions of unincorporated Riverside County. For consistency in reporting on land use for these two jurisdictions, the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) Land Use Database was used. SCAG periodically updates land-use data for research and analysis; the most recent update available was in 2019. Although the source of data is from 2019, these values were published in the SCAG Data/Map Book in 2022 and reviewed by the local jurisdiction during the Local Data Exchange process for Connect SoCAL 2024. Table 3-5 provides a summary of SCAG 2019 Land Use within the City of Corona Water Service Area.

The current land use within the City of Corona’s water service area has not changed significantly since the SCAG Land Use dataset from 2016. However, in the most recent SCAG 2019 dataset, there were some noticeable shifts in land use. According to the data, there has been a decrease in single-family residential land use and an increase in multi-family residential development. Additionally, transportation and industrial land uses have increased. As development has progressed across the service area, the amount of vacant land has declined.

For land uses that remained vacant, the available planning documents, including the City’s General Plan, did not provide sufficient information for water service areas classified as unincorporated cities. To better understand potential future development, the SCAG 2019 dataset, which incorporates General Plan land for the unincorporated cities, was analyzed to estimate how the remaining vacant land may be utilized. Based on this analysis, it appears reasonable to project that approximately 60–70% of the remaining vacant land is planned for residential development. The remaining portions are likely to be allocated to open space and recreation, industrial, and commercial uses.

Chapter 3 – Service Area Description
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
3-9
Table 3-5 – Land Use Summary Per SCAG LU19
SCAG
LU19
Code
Description Number of
Parcels Area (acres)
1110 Single Family Residential 33,484 7,450
1100 Residential 1 <1
1111 High-Density Single-Family Residential (9 or more
DUs/ac)
1,277 308
1112 Medium Density Single Family Residential (3-8 DUs/ac) 853 530 1120 Multi-Family Residential 4,048 776
1123 Low-Rise Apartments, Condominiums, and Townhouses 4 2 1130 Mobile Homes and Trailer Parks 284 164
1131 Trailer Parks and Mobile Home Courts, High-Density 1 <1 1150 Rural Residential 43 59
1200 Commercial and Services 929 1,029
1210 General Office Use 130 178
1220 Retail Stores and Commercial Services 22 20
1222 Retail Centers 1 3
1223 Retail Strip Development 42 25
1232 Commercial Recreation 1 <1
1240 Public Facilities 52 126
1241 Government Offices 1 1
1243 Fire Stations 1 <1
1244 Major Medical Health Care Facilities 1 1
1245 Religious Facilities 98 171
1246 Other Public Facilities 2 <1
1260 Educational Institutions 53 473
1263 Junior or Intermediate High Schools 1 13
1300 Industrial 963 1,911
1310 Light Industrial 2 1
1311 Manufacturing, Assembly, and Industrial Services 44 52 1320 Heavy Industrial 5 2
1321 Manufacturing 2 2
1323 Open Storage 3 12
1330 Extraction 21 328
1331 Mineral Extraction - Other Than Oil and Gas 36 112 1340 Wholesaling and Warehousing 1 2
1410 Transportation 243 194
1411 Airports 1 702
1412 Railroads 36 157
1413 Freeways and Major Roads 1 <1

Chapter 3 – Service Area Description
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
3-10
SCAG
LU19
Code
Description Number of
Parcels Area (acres)
1415 Bus Terminals and Yards 2 1
1416 Truck Terminals 5 8
1420 Communication Facilities 1 1
1430 Utility Facilities 38 66
1437 Improved Flood Waterways and Structures 246 817
1440 Maintenance Yards 3 9
1700 Under Construction 400 357
1800 Open Space and Recreation 212 1,960
1810 Golf Courses 59 734
1820 Local Parks and Recreation 4 27
1880 Other Open Space and Recreation 7 23
2000 Agriculture 25 290
2200 Orchards and Vineyards 1 1
2300 Nurseries 13 17
2600 Other Agriculture 2 7
2700 Horse Ranches 1 19
3000 Vacant 851 1,474
3100 Vacant Undifferentiated 293 1,440
3300 Vacant With Limited Improvements 12 15
Unknown Unknown 53 87
Totals 44,912 22,159

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-1
Water Use Characterization

4.1 Non-Potable Versus Potable Water Use
The current water code requires a description and quantification of water uses, including recycled water use and potential use, in the service area. By doing so, it is recommended to distinguish between potable and non-potable water usage.

As noted in the latest 2025 guidebook, the supplier’s potable water sources serve potable water uses, and non-potable water uses are served by the supplier’s non-potable water sources, such as recycled water, remediated groundwater, or even untreated surface or groundwater supplies.

The City delivers potable water and non-potable water to its customers. Potable water consists of treated groundwater from the Temescal Basin, imported treated water via WMWD, and imported raw water from WMWD, which the City treats at the Lester Water Treatment Facility and the Sierra del Oro Water Treatment facility. Non-potable water consists of reclaimed tertiary treated wastewater from the City’s three Water Reclamation Facilities and non-potable groundwater from the Bedford-Coldwater Basin. In addition, the City will begin to receive reclaimed water from the Western Riverside County Regional Wastewater Authority upon completion of a transmission pipeline that is currently under construction.

4.2 Past, Current, and Projected Water Use by Sector

4.2.1 Water-Use Sectors Listed in Water Code
§10631(d)(1) For an urban retail water supplier, quantify, to the extent records are available, past and current water use, over the same five-year increments described in subdivision (a), and projected water use, based upon information developed pursuant to subdivision (a), identifying the uses among water use sectors, including, but not necessarily limited to, all of the following:
(A) Single-family residential.
(B) Multifamily.
(C) Commercial.
(D) Industrial.
(E) Institutional and governmental.
(F) Landscape.
(G) Sales to other agencies.
(H) Saline water intrusion barriers, groundwater recharge, or conjunctive use, or any combination thereof.
(I) Agricultural.
(J) Distribution system water loss.

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-2
In the past five years, the City of Corona's water use has decreased slightly. During the preceding five years, there has been a relative increase in land development projects.

Development will continue to increase the demand on the system, though not drastically, as seen historically from 2021 to 2025.

Single-Family Residential
A Single-family dwelling unit. A lot with a free-standing building containing one dwelling unit that may include a detached secondary one dwelling unit. City of Corona sales category “Residential Single Family” falls under this classification.

Multi-Family
Multiple dwelling units are contained within one building or several buildings within one complex. City of Corona sales category “Residential Mutli Family” falls under this classification.

Commercial
A water user that provides or distributes a product or service.

Institutional (and Governmental)
A water user dedicated to public service. This type of user includes, among other users, higher-education institutions, schools, courts, churches, hospitals, government facilities, and nonprofit research institutions.

City of Corona sales category “Commercial/Institutional” cover both “Commercial” and “Institutional” per the UWMP classification. However, for the purposes of the submittal table entry data, it would fall under Other but will show as Commercial/Institutional under description.

Industrial
A water user that is primarily a manufacturer or processor of materials as defined by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code sectors 31 to 33, inclusive, or an entity that is a water user primarily engaged in research and development.

Landscape (both Potable and Non-Potable)
Water connections that supply water solely for landscape irrigation. Such landscapes may be associated with single-family residential, multi-family residential, commercial, industrial, or institutional/governmental sites, but are considered a separate water use sector if the connection is solely for landscape irrigation.

City of Corona’s sales separates landscape into either potable and non-potable and is reflected in the chapter and analysis.

Sales to Other Agencies (Including Exchanges and Transfers) These are water sales made to another agency (referred to here as the water Supplier).

Projected sales may be based on projected demand provided by the receiving water Supplier.

Corona’s water suppliers whom they provide export services for (sales to City of Norco and Home Garden County Water district) fall under this category.

Distribution System Losses

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-3
Reporting distribution system losses is required by the Water Code. See Section 4.3.

4.2.2 Optional Water-Use Sectors in Addition to those listed in Water Code Brine Discharge
The City discharges brine waste from the Temescal Desalter to the Inland Empire Brine Line (IEBL).

Hydrants (both Potable and Non-Potable)
The City uses hydrants for street cleaning, sewer flushing, and construction purposes. Its sales separates hydrant usage into either potable and non-potable and is reflected in the chapter and analysis.

4.2.3 Past Water Use
Table 4-1 delineates historical water use (CY 2021 through CY 2024) by water use sector derived from historical water delivery records. Although the 2025 UWMP has been done using calendar-year data, the AWWA Water Loss reports were completed in fiscal-year format.

Table 4-1 - City of Corona Historic Water Demands
Sector CY 2021
(AFY)
CY 2022
(AFY)
CY 2023
(AFY)
CY 2024
(AFY)
Residential Single-Family 19,662 18,614 16,500 17,111
Residential Multi-Family 2,734 2,727 2,651 2,594
Commercial/Institutional 3,124 3,161 2,738 2,813
Industrial 1,051 922 811 834
Landscape Potable 3,387 3,215 2,534 2,693
Landscape Non-Potable 3,977 3,832 3,408 3,580
Hydrants Potable 225 145 409 976
Hydrants Non-Potable 202 56 63 78
Sale to Other Agencies* 403 387 348 358
Brine Discharge Non-Potable 611 630 636 587
Real & Apparent Losses** 2,105 2,565 2,195 2,618
Total Water Use 37,481 36,255 32,293 34,242
*Norco has not had recordings in export since 2021
**Total Water Use includes estimated real and apparent losses, assuming 7.8% of Projected Water Use

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-4

4.2.4 Current Water Use
Table 4-2 delineates the district’s current water use (CY 2025) by water use sector derived from water delivery records. Although the 2025 UWMP has been done in calendar-year format, the AWWA Water Loss reports were completed in fiscal-year format.

Table 4-2 - City of Corona 2025 Water Demands
Sector CY 2025 (AFY)
Residential Single-Family 17,934
Residential Multi-Family 2,666
Commercial/Institutional 3,006
Industrial 902
Landscape Potable 2,934
Landscape Non-Potable 3,854
Hydrants Potable 76
Hydrants Non-Potable 74
Sale to Other Agencies* 355
Brine Discharge Non-Potable 626
Real & Apparent Losses** 2,521
Total Water Use 34,949
*Norco has not had recordings in export since 2021
**Total Water Use includes estimated real and apparent
losses, assuming 7.8% of Projected Water Use

4.2.5 Projected Water Use
§10635 (a) Every urban water supplier shall include, as part of its urban water management plan, an assessment of the reliability of its water service to its customers during normal, dry, and multiple dry water years. This water supply and demand assessment shall compare the total water supply sources available to the water supplier with the long-term total projected water use over the next 20 years, in five-year increments, for a normal water year, a single dry water year, and a drought lasting five consecutive water years. The water service reliability assessment shall be based upon the information compiled pursuant to Section 10631, including available data from state, regional, or local agency population projections within the service area of the urban water supplier. §10631 (d)(4)(A) Water use projections, where available, shall display and account for the water savings estimated to result from adopted codes, standards, ordinances, or transportation and land use plans identified by the urban water supplier, as applicable to the service area. (B) To the extent that an urban water supplier reports the information described in subparagraph (A), an urban water supplier shall do both of the following: (i) Provide citations of the various codes, standards, ordinances, or transportation and land use plans utilized in making the projections. (ii) Indicate the extent that the water use projections consider savings from codes, standards, ordinances, or transportation and land use plans. Water use

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-5
projections that do not account for these water savings shall be noted of that fact.

The predictability of water usage is an important element in planning future water supplies.

Demand projections for 2030 and beyond were calculated by multiplying the projected population for each year by the 2020 actual gallons per capita per day (GPCD) value of 177.

This calculation produced the projected potable water demand as well as the projected Real and Apparent water loss totals. Using historical data from 2021 through 2025, the average percentage for the following sectors was then calculated:
• Residential Single -Family
• Residential Multi-Family
• Commercial/Institutional
• Industrial
Once calculated, the average percentages were applied to the projected totals to estimate demand for each of the sectors listed above. The City of Corona plans to reduce potable water use for landscape irrigation by 100 AFY every five years and increase non-potable water use to offset this reduction. This adjustment was applied using a fixed calculation, rather than an average percentage.

Sectors with temporary demand, such as hydrants and exports, were projected using the calculated historical averages from 2021 through 2025. The total projected water use includes both potable and non-potable projections, also including Real and Apparent Losses.

Table 4-3 - City of Corona Projected Water Demands
Sector
2030
(AFY)
2035
(AFY)
2040
(AFY)
2045
(AFY)
2050
(AFY)
Residential Single-Family 21,743 21,745 21,815 21,750 21,753 Residential Multi-Family 3,237 3,238 3,248 3,238 3,239
Commercial/Institutional 3,593 3,593 3,605 3,594 3,594
Industrial 1,094 1,095 1,098 1,095 1,095
Landscape Potable 2,834 2,734 2,634 2,534 2,434
Landscape Non-Potable 3,830 3,930 4,030 4,130 4,230
Hydrants Potable 366 366 366 366 366
Hydrants Non-Potable 95 95 95 95 95
Sale to Other Agencies* 370 370 370 370 370
Brine Discharge Non-Potable 618 618 618 618 618
Real & Apparent Losses** 2,612 2,604 2,604 2,589 2,582
Total Water Use 40,393 40,389 40,483 40,380 40,376
*Norco has not had recordings in export since 2021
**Total Water Use includes estimated real and apparent losses, assuming 7.8% of Projected Water Use Lower Income Households
§10631.1(a) The water use projections required by Section 10631 shall include projected water use for single-family and multifamily residential housing needed for lower-income households, as defined in Section 50079.5 of the Health

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-6
and Safety Code, as identified in the housing element of any city, county, or city and county in the service area of the supplier.
(b) It is the intent of the Legislature that the identification of projected water use for single-family and multifamily residential housing for lower-income households will assist a supplier in complying with the requirement under Section 65589.7 of the Government Code to grant a priority for the provision of service to housing units affordable to lower-income households.

California Health and Safety Code Section 50079.5 (a)
“Lower income households” means persons and families whose income does not exceed the qualifying limits for lower income families… In the event the federal standards are discontinued, the department shall, by regulation, establish income limits for lower-income households for all geographic areas of the state at 80 percent of area median income, adjusted for family size and revised annually.

Figure 4-1 - Household income in the City
The City of Corona evaluated for lower-income households and disadvantaged communities (DAC) within its service area By using data from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS)3, and California Department of Water Resources (DWR) Disadvantaged Community Mapping Tool, the overall City was able to determine that approximately 9 percent of its population lives below the federal poverty line. The ACS provided data related to demographics and economics while the DWR DAC mapping tool provided data on tracts within the City’s service area boundary to help determine which communities fall within the 3 https://censusreporter.org/profiles/16000US0616350-corona-ca/

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-7
median household incomes less than 80 percent of the statewide median, or areas identified as highly burdened by environmental, health, and socioeconomic factors.

By reviewing these different sources of data, the City was able to determine that a portion of its population may face significant economic constraints. Lower-income households are more likely to experience water affordability challenges, as utility costs represent a higher proportion of household income. By utilizing the DWR’s DAC mapping tool, approximately 30,907 people or 9,398 households (about 18% of the population within the City’s service area) fall within this threshold by encompassing seven separate DAC tracts as shown on tool.

While the majority of the City does not qualify as disadvantaged, the presence of localized DAC areas highlights the need for targeted consideration in water planning efforts.

The city uses a tiered water rate structure combined with indoor and outdoor water budgets.

This system is designed to make sure every household, including low income and disadvantaged communities, has access to the water they need for essential use at the lowest possible cost, while still promoting conservation and fairness. Corona’s system provides each household with an indoor water budget based on the number of people in the household and the water used within allotted budget is billed at the lowest and most affordable rate.

Based on data collected, the City was able to calculate the approximate projected lower income residential demands. A total population percentage was determined by obtaining the total population in disadvantaged communities and dividing it by the total population within the City’s service area. Utilizing this percentage, we were able to ratio the same percentage to existing residential (single-family and multi-family) to determine the lower income water usage.

Table 4-4 - Projected Lower Income Water Use
Sector
2030
(AFY)
2035
(AFY)
2040
(AFY)
2045
(AFY)
Residential Single-Family 4,001 4,035 4,081 4,103
Residential Multi-Family 596 601 608 611
Total Water Use 4,596 4,636 4,688 4,713
Climate Change Considerations
§10630.

It is the intention of the Legislature, in enacting this part, to permit levels of water management planning commensurate with the numbers of customers served and the volume of water supplied, while accounting for impacts from climate change.
§10635(b) Every urban water supplier shall include, as part of its urban water management plan, a drought risk assessment …(and) shall include each of the following …

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-8
(4) Considerations of the historical drought hydrology, plausible changes on projected supplies and demands under climate change conditions, anticipated regulatory changes, and other locally applicable criteria.

Local Considerations
The City updated its Climate Action Plan 5 (CAP) in 2019. The CAP identifies energy used for water production, treatment, and transmission as a contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and recommends water conservation to reduce the impact. Reduced water use will also assist in managing water availability, which may be impacted by the frequency and intensity of droughts and increased temperatures. Impacts to water availability are not quantified in the CAP.

To those ends, the City has adopted California’s Green Building Standard Code and has exceeded the 2020 water use efficiency goals established by SB X7-7 through an aggressive and continuing water conservation program.

Regional Considerations
The City relies on groundwater for approximately 50% of its potable water supply. The Temescal Basin is recharged both artificially and naturally. This is managed by the Temescal Subbasin Groundwater Sustainability Plan (GSP), laying out goals and the alternatives for artificial recharge of the Basin. The City discharges its wastewater into the Lincoln/Cota Ponds, where it percolates. As the population increases, the consumption of reclaimed water will reflect the demand. Natural recharge depends on the precipitation of the Santa Ana Watershed. According to the 2013 “Climate Change Analysis for the Santa Ana River Watershed”, precipitation for the region will be steady for the projected study period of this UWMP.

Figure 4-2 - Projected Regional Precipitation

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-9
According to the climate change study, climate change within the 2025 UWMP study period will not impact the groundwater availability within the Temescal Basin.

A large consumption of the City of Corona’s water supply is due to demand for landscape irrigation. This consumption correlates with the rise in temperature, especially during the hotter seasons. According to the 2013 “Climate Change Analysis for the Santa Ana River Watershed”, the mean temperature for the region is projected to increase over the planning horizon.

Figure 4-3 - Projected Regional Mean Temperature
The increase in temperature due to climate change is expected to increase with landscape irrigation. The City has dedicated itself to converting potable water demand for landscape irrigation to reclaimed water.

4.3 Distribution System Water Loss
§10631(d)(3)(A) The distribution system water loss shall be quantified for each of the five years preceding the plan update, in accordance with rules adopted pursuant to Section 10608.34
(B) The distribution system water loss quantification shall be reported in accordance with a worksheet approved or developed by the department through a public process. The water loss quantification worksheet shall be based on the water system balance methodology developed by the American Water Works Association.

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-10
(C) In the plan due July 1, 2021, and in each update thereafter, data shall be included to show whether the urban retail water supplier met the distribution loss standards enacted by the board pursuant to Section 10608.34.

4.3.1 Previous Five Years Distribution System Losses
Distribution system losses are the physical water losses from the water distribution system and the supplier’s storage facilities, including customer consumption. The American Water Works Association (AWWA) Audit Software was used to obtain the water audit data validity score of its system. Table 4-5 provides a summary of the results for the previous five years, and Appendix F.
contains the AWWA Audits for the past five fiscal years. Although the 2025 UWMP was done using calendar-year data, the AWWA Water Loss reports were completed in fiscal-year format.

Table 4-5 - AWWA Audit Water Losses
Data 2020-
2021
2021-
2022
2022-
2023
2023-
2024
2024-
2025
Water Supplied 32,339 31,477 27,163 27,337 30,380
Authorized Consumption 31,050 30,452 26,233 26,196 28,757 Water Losses 1,289 1,025 930 1,141 1,623
Apparent Losses 783 767 664 664 728
Real Losses 506 258 266 477 895
Non-Revenue Water 1,756 1,502 1,076 1,288 1,782
Water Audit Data Validity
Score 70 80 78 78 78

4.3.2 Progress Toward Meeting the Water Loss Performance Standard Retail suppliers must report whether their Water Loss Performance Standard has been met.

While this standard does not have to be met until 2028, Water Code Section §10631(d)(3)(C) requires that data be included. The number of connections, volume of total real loss, and volume of total apparent loss come from the latest Water Audit. The 2028 Real and Apparent Water Loss Standards come from the Waterboard’s calculations.

Utilizing the latest water audit as discussed above, the real water loss of 17.1 gallons per service connection per day (GPSCD) is slightly higher than the City of Corona’s calculated standard of 13.9 GPSCD. Real losses are defined as losses in a water system that are attributed to something physical (i.e. water loss through pipeline network, storage tanks, meter connections, etc). Corona’s apparent water losses (14.0 GPSCD) are slightly lower compared to its apparent water loss standard of 14.5 GPSCD.

This indicates that the City of Corona is efficient in its customer metering practices by minimizing billing errors and unauthorized usage. The lower quantity of real losses indicates leaks that are being captured, and possibly broken pipelines in its water system as well. The City of Corona will continue to conduct its due diligence to keep meet its real water loss standard by 2028.

Chapter 4 – Water Use Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
4-11
Table 4-6 – Progress Towards 2028 Water Loss Standard
2028 Real
Water Loss
Standard
(GPSCD) Number of
Connections
Volume of
Total Real
Loss
Real
Water
Loss
(GPSCD)
2028
Apparent
Water Loss
Standard
(GPSCD)
Volume
of Total
Apparent
Loss
Apparent
Water
Loss
(GPSCD)

13.9 46,569 894.59 17.1 14.5 728.40 14.0

Chapter 5 – SB X7-7 Baselines, Targets, and 2025 Reporting City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
5-1
SB X7-7 Baselines, Targets, and 2025 Reporting

5.1 Reporting Requirements for Retail Suppliers
With the adoption of the Water Conservation Act of 2009, also known as SB X7-7, the State of California is required to reduce urban per capita water use by 20 percent by the year 2020. The urban water use target was created to ensure a supplier in the state would achieve a 20% reduction by 2020 from 2015 as the statewide legislative requirement.

The legislation developed seven methodologies to use along with a set of criteria for adjusting daily per capita water use for the baseline and targets. The City used Methodology No.4, Service Area Population, which is based on Methodologies for Calculating Baseline and Compliance Urban Per Capita Water Use.

5.1.1 Supplier Met 2020 Target in 2020
The City used a 10-year baseline period from 1998 through 2007 and obtained a baseline period water use of 262 GPCD. The 20% reduction would bring down the 2020 target GPCD to 213 GPCD.

A summary of all the baselines and targets from the 2015 UWMP is shown in Table 5-1.

Table 5-1 – Baseline and Target Summary for 2020 UWMP
Baseline
Period
Start
Year End Year
Average
Baseline
(GPCD)
2020
Confirmed
Target (GPCD)
10-15 Year 1998 2007 262 213
5 Year 2003 2007 269
The gallons per capita per day (GPCD) calculated for 2020 using the SB X7-7 2020 Compliance Form was 213 GPCD (taken from SBX7-7, 7-F Compliance Form, Table 9). The actual 2020 GPCD calculated was 177 GPCD. The City was successful and able to achieve the targeted reduction for 2020 as shown in the SB X7-7 Table 9 in Appendix G and in Error! Reference source not found. below.

Table 5-2 – 2020 Compliance
Actual
2020
GPCD
Adjustments
(GPCD)
Adjusted
2020
(GPCD)
2020
Confirmed
Target
(GPCD)
Did Supplier
Achieve Target
Reduction for 2020
177 0 177 213 YES

5.1.2 Funding Eligibility
§10608.56 (a) On and after July 1, 2016, an urban retail water supplier is not eligible for a water grant or loan awarded or administered by the state unless the supplier complies with this part.

Chapter 5 – SB X7-7 Baselines, Targets, and 2025 Reporting City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
5-2
The City of Corona has not only met its 2020 Target in 2020 but has also managed to be under the stated target. The City is eligible to receive a water grant or loan from the State of California.

5.1.3 Nexus to State Water Board Urban Water-Use Objectives The State Water Board’s Making Conservation A Way of Life Regulation on Urban Water-Use Efficiency Standards, Objectives, and Performance Measures (23 CCR Section 965) uses the 2020 Target as a back stop for the Urban Water Use Objectives (UWUO) calculations. Compliance with the UWUO requirements is under the authority of the State Water Board; The City of Corona understands that the UWUO requirements are not part of the UWMP plan content requirements but will need to be met on July 1, 2028.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-1
Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization

6.1 General Description
System Supplies involve organizing and reducing historical water supply source data into predetermined categories and discussing the availability and sustainability of each source.

Documentation on rights, adjudications, agreements, and opportunities for current and projected sources are required.

6.2 Water Supply Analysis Overview
§10631(b) Identify and quantify, to the extent practicable, the existing and planned sources of water available to the supplier [in five-year increments to 20 years or as far as data is available] providing supporting and related information, including all of the following:
(1) A detailed discussion of anticipated supply availability under a normal water year, single dry year, and droughts lasting at least five years, as well as more frequent and severe periods of drought, as described in the drought risk assessment.

For each source of water supply, consider any information pertinent to the reliability analysis conducted pursuant to Section 10635, including changes in supply due to climate change.
(2) When multiple sources of water supply are identified, a description of the management of each supply in correlation with the other identified supplies. (3) For any planned sources of water supply, a description of the measures that are being undertaken to acquire and develop those water supplies.

The City has a diversified water supply portfolio including imported water, groundwater, and reclaimed water. The schematic in Figure 6-1 shows the various sources and facilities described in this chapter.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-2
Figure 6-1- Water Supply Schematic

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-3

6.3 Purchased or Imported Water

6.3.1 Imported Water from WMWD
The City's primary sources of imported water are supplied through WMWD, a member agency of Metropolitan. WMWD has multiple sources for use as needed. The City’s imported water supply fromWMWD consists oftreated surfacewater, untreated surface water, and desalinated brackish groundwater. Table 6-1provides a summary of existing and projected supply from all WMWD sources. Projected imported water supply is consistent with WMWD Resolution 3166 which specifies “MWD full service water to be delivered at Tier 1 rates” for each of its member agencies as of 2022. See Appendix S for the Resolution.

Table 6-1 - Summary of WMWD Imported Water Supply
Year 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Imported Water
(AFY) 16,382 21,110 21,110 21,110 21,110 21,110
WMWD Treated Surface Water
WMWD supplies treated surface water via the Mills Pipeline from Henry J. Mills treatment plant.

The Mills Pipeline delivers treated water directly to the City through metered turnout WR-24.

This connection has an effective capacity of 6.5 MGD.

WMWD Untreated Surface Water
WMWD supplies untreated surface water via the Lower Feeder.

The Lower Feeder supplies raw water to the City's Lester Water Treatment Plant through metered turnout WR-19 and to the City’s Sierra del Oro Water Treatment Plant through metered turnout WR-33. The Lester Plant has a peak capacity of 30 MGD, and the Sierra del Oro Plant has a peak capacity of 9.0 MGD.

The Lower Feeder is connected to the City’s Green River Water Treatment Plant via WR-29; however, this facility is currently inactive.

WMWD Desalinated Brackish Groundwater
WMWD supplies treated desalinated brackish groundwater via the Arlington Desalter.

Supply from the Arlington Desalter primarily serves the cities of Norco and Riverside with excess production made available t o the City of Corona.

Other Imported Water
The City of Corona maintains emergency connections with City of Riverside and Temescal Valley Water District (TVWD).

6.4 Groundwater
§10631(b)(4) If groundwater is identified as an existing or planned source of water available to the supplier, all of the following information shall be included in the plan:

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-4
(A) The current version of any groundwater sustainability plan or alternative adopted pursuant to Part 2.74 (commencing with Section 10720), any groundwater management plan adopted by the urban water supplier, including plans adopted pursuant to Part 2.75 (commencing with Section 10750), or any other specific authorization for groundwater management for basins underlying the urban water supplier’s service area.
(B) A description of any groundwater basin or basins from which the urban water supplier pumps groundwater. For basins that a court or the board has adjudicated the rights to pump groundwater, a copy of the order or decree adopted by the court or the board and a description of the amount of groundwater the urban water supplier has the legal right to pump under the order or decree. For a basin that has not been adjudicated, information as to whether the department has identified the basin as a high- or medium-priority basin in the most current official departmental bulletin that characterizes the condition of the groundwater basin, and a detailed description of the efforts being undertaken by the urban water supplier to coordinate with groundwater sustainability agencies or groundwater management agencies listed in subdivision (c) of Section 10723 to maintain or achieve sustainable groundwater conditions in accordance with a groundwater sustainability plan or alternative adopted pursuant to Part 2.74 (commencing with Section 10720).
(C) A detailed description and analysis of the location, amount, and sufficiency of groundwater pumped by the urban water supplier for the past five years. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use records.
(D) A detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of groundwater that is projected to be pumped by the urban water supplier. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use records.

The City has access to groundwater from two basins: the Temescal Basin and the Bedford-Coldwater Basin. The subsections that follow describe the physical characteristics, management, overdraft condition and pumping for each basin.

6.4.1 Basin Description
Information contained in this subsection was taken from the following sources:
• Bulletin 118 (DWR, 2004) – Appendix I
• Corona 2008 Groundwater Management Plan – Appendix J
• Corona 2022 Groundwater Sustainability Plan for the Temescal Basin – Appendix R • 2021 Groundwater Sustainability Plan for Bedford-Coldwater Groundwater Basin– Appendix Q
Temescal Basin Description
The Temescal Basin is designated by DWR as the Upper Santa Ana Valley Groundwater Basin, Temescal Subbasin and recorded as GroundwaterBasinNumber 8-2.09, covering a surface area of 23,500 acres. Per Bulletin 118:

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-5
Basin Boundaries and Hydrology
The Temescal Subbasin underlies the southwest part of upper Santa Ana Valley. On the north, the subbasin is bounded by the Chino Subbasin, marked by the Santa Ana River and a set of low hills of crystalline rock near Norco. The eastern part of the subbasin is bounded by nonwater-bearing crystalline rocks of the El Sobrante de San Jacinto and La Sierra Hills. The subbasin is bounded on the west by the Santa Ana Mountains and the south by the Elsinore Groundwater Basin at a constriction in the alluvium of Temescal Wash. Average annual precipitation ranges from 14 to 16 inches per year.

Hydrogeologic Information: Water Bearing Formations
The water-bearing materials are dominantly composed of Holocene age alluvium deposited by streams draining the northeast slopes of the Santa Ana Mountains. The Santa Ana River has from time to time contributed deposits through the Arlington Gap along the northern margin of the subbasin.

The specific yield varies from about 6 percent along the southwestern and southern margins of the subbasin to about 13 percent beneath the Santa Ana River and more than 14 percent beneath Temescal Wash near Corona.

Restrictive Structures
The Elsinore fault zone lies along the western boundary of the subbasin, and the Chino fault zone crosses the northwestern tip of the subbasin. These fault zones are possible groundwater barriers.

Recharge Areas
Dominant recharge to the groundwater reservoir is from percolation of precipitation on the valley floor and infiltration of stream flow within tributaries exiting the surrounding mountains and hills.

Groundwater Level Trends
Groundwater flows toward the center of the subbasin and then northeast toward the Santa Ana River.

Groundwater Quality
Characterization. Water within the subbasin is predominantly calcium-sodium bicarbonate and has an average TDS content of 790 mg/L. Water from 20 public supply wells in the subbasin has an average TDS content of 753 mg/L and a range or 373 to 950 mg/L.

The 2022 Groundwater Sustainability Plan (GSP) for Temescal Basin provides detailed descriptions of the basin’s physical extent, contributing watershed, hydrology, water balance and geology (see Appendix R).

Figure 6-2 shows the Temescal Basin boundary.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-6
Figure 6-2- Temescal Basin Boundary

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-7
Bedford-Coldwater Basin Description
The Bedford-Coldwater Basin is located south of the Temescal Basin in Temescal Canyon between the Santa Ana Mountains and the El Sobrante Hills generally underlying the Temescal Wash. The basin covers an area of approximately 13 square miles with an alluvial depth ranging from 30 to 700 feet.

The Bedford-Coldwater Basin is managed under the jurisdiction of the Bedford-Coldwater Groundwater Sustainability Agency (GSA) consisting of the City of Corona, the Temescal Valley Water District and the Elsinore Valley Municipal Water District.

Figure 6-3 is an excerpt from the November 2021 Bedford-Coldwater Groundwater Sustainability Plan (GSP) (Appendix Q) showing the updated combined basin boundary.

Figure 6-3- Bedford-Coldwater Basin Boundary

6.4.2 Groundwater Management
The City prepared a Groundwater Management Plan (GWMP) in 2008 to assist with (1) operating the Temescal Basin and the Bedford-Coldwater Basin in a sustainable manner and (2) increasing the reliability of the water supply. The 2022 Groundwater Sustainability Plan for Temescal Basin

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-8
includes major components mentioned in 2008 GWMP along with sustainable management criteria.

In2017,theCity joinedtheTemescalValleyWaterDistrict andtheElsinoreValleyMunicipalWater District under a Joint Powers Authority agreement to sustainably manage the Bedford-Coldwater Basin via the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act. The 2021 Bedford-Coldwater Groundwater Sustainability Plan is provided in Appendix Q.

Neither basin providing groundwater supply to the City is adjudicated.

Temescal Basin Management
The City prepared a Recharge Master Plan for the Temescal Basin in 2013 that clarifies groundwater management objectives for the Temescal Basin.

The Recharge Master Plan lays out a series of tasks which the City is currently implementing:

Task 1 Define Goals for Artificial Recharge and Develop Planning Criteria. In this task, we articulate and document the goals and objectives of the Recharge Mater Plan (RMP), define the assumptions and criteria to be used in the investigation, and obtain concurrence from all stakeholders.

Task 2 Characterize Potential Source Waters for Artificial Recharge. In this task, we characterize the quantity, availability, water quality, and cost of the various source waters available for recharge to the Temescal Basin, and evaluate the suitability of these waters for artificial recharge—individually or in combination.

Task 3 Characterize the Universe of Potential Sites for Artificial Recharge. In this task, we identify the universe of potential sites for artificial recharge in the Temescal Basin and characterize the storage capacity and potential recharge capacity at the most promising sites.

Task 4 Develop Alternatives for Artificial Recharge. In this task, we characterize the volume of recharge that could be accomplished under various combinations of source waters, facilities, facility performance, and operations.

Task 5 Evaluate and Rank Alternatives for Artificial Recharge. In this task, we generate the cost opinions associated with each potential recharge project, rank the various recharge projects, and demonstrate how a recharge project or series of recharge projects will meet the City’s water resources goals.

Task 6 Prepare Final Recharge Master Plan Report. The information contained in this report will equip the City to make informed decisions on investments in artificial recharge (i.e. prioritization and timing).

Bedford-Coldwater Sustainable Groundwater Agency
Per the Bedford-Coldwater Sub-Basin of the Elsinore Basin Joint Powers Agreement:

The Authority is formed with the purpose and intent of jointly creating a separate legal entity to fulfill the role and legal obligations of a GSA required by SGMA, to include complying with SGMA and ensuring sustainable groundwater management throughout the Sub-Basin, so that the Members may collaboratively and cost effectively develop, adopt, and implement a GSP for the Sub-Basin in -4- accordance with pertinent regulatory timelines.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-9
The geographic boundaries of the GSA that will be formed by the Authority, which will encompass the entire Sub-Basin, are as depicted in the map attached hereto as Exhibit “A,” which is incorporated herein by reference. The Authority may also represent the Members, as appropriate, in discussions and transactions with other local agencies, to include (but not limited to) the development of inter-basin coordination agreements with other GSAs in Riverside County, and agreements with other local agencies or groundwater sustainability agencies as may be required to ensure compliance with SGMA for the Sub-Basin.

6.4.3 Overdraft Conditions
DWR released their final list of critically overdrafted basins in February 2019. The list did not include the Temescal Basin nor the Bedford-Coldwater Basin. The Temescal Basin and BedfordColdwater Basin are managed to prevent critical overdraft as described in the following subsections.

Temescal Basin Overdraft
The City prepared a Groundwater Sustainability Plan for the Temescal Basin in 2022 with a goal of ensuring sustainable production through management of pumping and artificial recharge. The City has implemented the plan and projects are underway to achieving sustainability goals and responding to conditions in the Temescal Basin.

Group 1- Existing or established projects and management actions Group 2 – Projects and management actions that have been or are under development Group 3 – Conceptual projects and management actions that can be considered in the future if any Group 2 projects fail to be implemented or additional intervention is required to achieve basin sustainability goals.

Bedford-Coldwater Basin Overdraft
The Bedford-Coldwater Basin is sustainably managed under the Bedford-Coldwater GSA.

6.4.4 Historical Pumping
Historical pumping from the Temescal Basin is provided in Table 6-2.

Table 6-2 - Historical Pumping from the Temescal Basin
Well 2021 (AFY) 2022 (AFY) 2023 (AFY) 2024 (AFY) 2025 (AFY) Well #7A 910 1,251 869 550 0
Well #8A 1,070 109 1,191 1,020 331
Well #9A 1,289 1,083 913 1,123 1,571
Well #11A 1,216 913 824 797 801
Well #12A 799 734 770 872 1,084
Well #13 0 0 0 0 0
Well #14 247 0 0 0 0
Well #15 1,260 1,023 774 717 1,033
Well #17A 962 1,065 497 166 1,064
Well #19 1,282 867 937 1,081 1,391
Well #22 1,874 1,953 2,115 2,021 2,381

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-10
Well 2021 (AFY) 2022 (AFY) 2023 (AFY) 2024 (AFY) 2025 (AFY) Well #25 697 546 1,703 1,538 1,889
Well #26 496 454 180 203 54
Well #27 641 12 0 0 0
Well #28 777 652 715 815 769
Well #29 288 967 827 925 979
Well #31 704 1,520 1,427 1,287 1,060
Well #33 1,953 1,334 727 1,113 1,163
Total 16,465 14,482 14,472 14,227 15,569
There hasn’t been any pumping out of the Bedford-Coldwater Basin from the three wells (Well #3, 20, and 21) since 2019 due to high total dissolved solids (TDS). These wells are under the influence of surface water, and therefore require treatment. Well #3 has been offline since 2019, Well #20 since 2015, and Well #21 since 2019.

Due to the number of TDS, the historical pumping from the Bedford-Coldwater Basin from 2021 through 2025 has remained zero. All historical groundwater supply has been extracted from the Temescal Basin for the 2021 through 2025 period.

6.4.5 Summary of Groundwater Supply
Table 6-3 provides a summary of the existing and projected groundwater supply.

Table 6-3 - Summary of Groundwater Supply
Well 2025 (AFY) 2030 (AFY) 2035 (AFY) 2040 (AFY) 2045 (AFY) Temescal Basin 15,569 14,482 14,482 14,482 14,482
Bedford-Coldwater
Basin 0 2,112 2,112 2,112 2,112
Total 15,569 16,594 16,594 16,594 16,594
The potable supply available from the Bedford-Coldwater Basin is the current Allowable Production according to the Sustainable Groundwater Management Plan. Allowable Production is the sum of the City’s estimated return flows and the City’s share of the Native Safe Yield. For purposes of projecting of projecting supply availability, extractions are limited to the City’s surface water rights at 2,112 AFY as discussed in the following subsection.

According to the 2022 GSP, the projected supply available from the Temescal Basin is equivalent to the sustainable yield estimated of 14,482 AFY. This represents the City’s rights of extracting 93% of the total pumping out of the Temescal Basin. This would equate to about 14,482 AFY out of a total 15,572 AFY.

Projected use of non-potable water from the Bedford-Coldwater Basin to supplement the reclaimed water supply is discussed in Section 6.7.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-11

6.5 Surface Water
The City acquired the rights to the surface flows of Coldwater Canyon in 1964 when it purchased the assets of the Corona City Water Company (CCWC) prior to forming the City of Corona Water Utilities Department. To meet DPH requirements, the surface flow is now spread in percolation ponds and extracted by wells in the Bedford-Coldwater Basin. The initial native safe yield identified in the agreement is 3,300 AFY, and the City’s share of this is 64 percent, or 2,112 AFY.

The safe yield is recalculated every five years. The agreement allows the additional pumping of return flows by the City from the previous fiscal year. Administration of these surface rights is incorporated into the management of the Bedford-Coldwater Basin.

6.6 Stormwater
The City prepared a Storm Drain Master Plan in 2003. The plan includes identification and analysis of all stormwater infrastructure in the City, including streets, drains, channels, catch basins, inlets, outlets, detention basins and drainage areas.

The City of Corona’s Utilities department will be preparing a Mountain and Urban Stormwater Feasibility Plan within coming years.

6.7 Wastewater and Recycled Water
§10633 The plan shall provide, to the extent available, information on recycled water and its potential for use as a water source in the service area of the urban water supplier. The preparation of the plan shall be coordinated with local water, wastewater, groundwater, and planning agencies that operate within the supplier’s service area, and shall include all of the following:
(a) A description of the wastewater collection and treatment systems in the supplier’s service area, including a quantification of the amount of wastewater collected and treated and the methods of wastewater disposal. (b) A description of the quantity of treated wastewater that meets recycled water standards, is being discharged, and is otherwise available for use in a recycled water project.
(c) A description of the recycled water currently being used in the supplier’s service area, including, but not limited to, the type, place, and quantity of use. (d) A description and quantification of the potential uses of recycled water, including, but not limited to, agricultural irrigation, landscape irrigation, wildlife habitat enhancement, wetlands, industrial reuse, groundwater recharge, indirect potable reuse, and other appropriate uses, and a determination with regard to the technical and economic feasibility of serving those uses. (e) The projected use of recycled water within the supplier’s service area at the end of 5, 10, 15, and 20 years, and a description of the actual use of recycled water in comparison to uses previously projected pursuant to this subdivision.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-12
(f) A description of actions, including financial incentives, which may be taken to encourage the use of recycled water, and the projected results of these actions in terms of acre-feet of recycled water used per year.
(g) A plan for optimizing the use of recycled water in the supplier’s service area, including actions to facilitate the installation of dual distribution systems, to promote recirculating uses, to facilitate the increased use of treated wastewater that meets recycled water standards, and to overcome any obstacles to achieving that increased use.

Per the Reclaimed Water Master Plan and the Recharge Master Plan, the existing volume of tertiary treated wastewater allocated to future reclaimed water use is 6,873 AFY.

Per an agreement between the City and the Western Riverside County Regional Wastewater Authority (WRCRWA), the City will receive up to 2.6 MGD (2,912 AFY) of Title 22 tertiary treated reclaimed water upon completion of the transmission main.

Non-potable groundwater from the Bedford-Coldwater Basin is used to supplement the reclaimed water supply during peak summer demand.

As indicated in the City’s 2018 Reclaimed Water Master Plan, the 2013 Recharged Master Plan provides projections of the City’s reclaimed water availability through 2035. However, in 2035, it is estimated that the reclaimed water supply will be about 19,000 AFY. This total reclaimed water supply will account for approximately:
• 35% for reuse,
• 56% to the Ponds,
• 9% to the Santa Ana River Watershed, and
The sum of these non-potable sources is estimated to be approximately 19,000 AFY. Table 6-4 provides a summary of existing and projected reclaimed water supply.

Table 6-4 - Summary of Reclaimed Water Supply
Year 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Reclaimed
Water (AFY) 11,273 10,000 19,000 19,000 19,000 19,000

6.7.1 Recycled Water Coordination
The City owns and operates wastewater collection and treatment, and reclaimed water distribution within the water service area.

6.7.2 Wastewater Collection, Treatment and Disposal
§10633(a) A description of the wastewater collection and treatment systems in the supplier’s service area, including a quantification of the amount of wastewater collected and treated and the methods of wastewater disposal.

Wastewater System

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-13
The City collects and treats wastewater throughout the service area. The City prepared a Sewer Master Plan (SMP) in 2005. The SMP includes detailed description and analysis of the existing and future wastewater collection and treatment systems, loading, modeling, evaluation criteria, and maintenance.

Per the SMP:

Wastewater System General Description
The City’s existing wastewater system currently provides for the collection and treatment of wastewater generated within its corporate boundaries. The components of the system include 368 miles (1,941,000 feet) of gravity sewer pipe, 14 sewer lift stations and the associated force mains, and three (3) water reclamation facilities.

Gravity System
The gravity system consists of approximately 368 miles of pipe ranging in size from 6- inches to 42-inches in diameter. Approximately 83 percent of the pipes are 8-inch in diameter. The majority of the system was built in the 1980’s, and 1990’s. Construction date information was unavailable for approximately 313,000 feet of pipe.

Lift Stations
There are 14 sewer lift stations located throughout the service area serving low lying or fringe areas of the City that cannot be served by the gravity system.

Water Reclamation Facilities
The City owns and operates three water reclamation facilities. The effluent produced meets criteria for discharge to percolation ponds, Temescal Creek and California Title 22 reuse.

Water Reclamation Facility 1 (WRF-1) was constructed in 1967-1968 and expanded in 1998. The expansion included a new headworks, grit removal, expanded tertiary filters, and UV disinfection. The latter allowed the City to terminate use of its percolation ponds in the Prado Basin. It serves the western portion of the City. The plant operates under and complies with the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region, Waste Discharge and Producer/User Reclamation Requirements Order No. 01-55, NPDES No. CA80000383. WRF-1 is located at 2205 Railroad Street, between Klug Circle and Citation Circle.

WRF-1 consists of preliminary treatment, two secondary treatment facilities (Plant 1A and 1B), and a tertiary treatment facility. Up to 5.5 MGD of the flow from the headworks is directed to Plant 1A, which provides a biological nitrogen removal activated sludge process and secondary clarification. Up to 6.0 MGD is conveyed through Plant 1B, which has two oxidation ditches with biological nitrogen removal and secondary clarification… The current firm treatment capacity is 11.5 MGD. With improvements, the future reliable treatment capacity is expected to be 14.5 MGD. Combined, both plants are operated to handle a total instantaneous design peak flow of 37.7 MGD.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-14
Water Reclamation Facility 2 (WRF-2) was formerly called Sunkist Treatment Plant, which was used to treat industrial process wastewater. In 1986, the City purchased the plant and had it renovated to provide primary and secondary treatment. WRF-2 became operational in 1988. It now serves the eastern and northeastern portions of the City. The plant operates under and complies with the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region, Waste Discharge Requirements Order No. 98-3. WRF-2 is located at 650 E. Harrison Avenue, just north of SR-91 and west of Temescal Wash.

WRF-2 is a conventional activated sludge facility with the ability to bypass flows to WRF1. The current firm treatment capacity is 3.0 MGD. With improvements, the future reliable treatment capacity is expected to be 3.5 MGD. The instantaneous design peak flow is 7.0 MGD.

The Sunkist Lift Station lifts sewage up to the headworks of the plant. Flows in excess of the WRF-2 3.0 MGD capacity are diverted to WRF-1 for treatment. Flexibility is provided, as the entire WRF-2 flow can be diverted to WRF-1.

From the treatment plant, primary and waste activated sludge is pumped via a 6-inch force main directly to WRF-1 where it is combined with sludge from WRF-1 for solids processing and disposal.

Water Reclamation Facility 3 (WRF-3) was constructed in 2001 and serves the southeastern portion of the City. The plant operates under and complies with the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region, Waste Discharge and Producer/User Reclamation Requirements Order No. 01-79, NPDES No. CA80000395.

WRF-3 located at 20730 Temescal Canyon, just south of Cajalco Road.

WRF-3 is a water reclamation plant that provides Title 22 reclaimed water for reuse. Its current reliable treatment capacity is 1.0 MGD. Currently, the plant treats approximately

0.68 MGD.

Sludge effluent is pumped via a 6-inch force main northwest to an existing manhole in Chase Drive just south of Teddy Bear Lane. The sludge then re-enters the gravity system and flows to WRF-2 for processing. There are two 700 gpm sludge pumps that operate one at a time. Currently the sludge pumps operate a total average of 3.5 hours per day and pump an average of 20,000 gpd.

Since the previous 2020 UWMP, some water reclamation facility processes and/or future expansion plans have changed.

WRF-1 discharges tertiary effluent and this effluent is either reused onsite, sent through the recycled water distribution system, dechlorinated and sent to Temescal Creek, or pumped to the Lincoln Avenue and Cota Street percolation ponds.

WRF-2 discharges tertiary effluent and this effluent is either reused onsite, sent through the recycled water distribution system, or pumped to the Lincoln Avenue and Cota Street percolation ponds.

WRF-3 discharges tertiary effluent and this effluent is either reused onsite or as reclaimed water for reuse.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-15
Quantities of Treated Wastewater
Quantities of treated wastewater are provided in the tables in units of AFY.

Effluent from WRF-1 is discharged to Temescal Creek, percolation ponds, and the reclaimed water system. A summary of WRF-1 effluent is provided in Table 6-5. It is important to note that 2024 and 2025 WRF 1 production values are lower than normal due to retrofitting.

Table 6-5 - Summary of WRF-1 Effluent
Year
Tertiary Treated
Effluent to Creek
(AFY)
Effluent to
Reclaimed
Water System
(AFY)
Tertiary Treated
Effluent to
Ponds (AFY)
Total Effluent
(AFY)
2021 1,708 979 688 3,375
2022 1,599 759 725 3,083
2023 587 504 1,571 2,662
2024 560 665 1,513 2,738
2025 1,699 2,480 4,200 8,379
Effluent from WRF-2 is discharged to percolation ponds and the reclaimed water system. A summary of WRF-2 effluent is provided in Table 6-6.

Table 6-6 - Summary of WRF-2 Effluent
Year
Tertiary Treated
Effluent to Creek
(AFY)
Effluent to
Reclaimed
Water System
(AFY)
Tertiary Treated
Effluent to
Ponds (AFY)
Total Effluent
(AFY)
2021 63 690 753
2022 299 417 716
2023 374 316 690
2024 264 438 702
2025 598 1,465 2,063
Effluent from WRF-3 is discharged to the reclaimed water system. A summary of WRF-3 effluent and non-potable well water sent to the reclaimed water system is provided in Table 6-7.

Table 6-7 - Summary of WRF-3 Effluent
Year
Tertiary Treated
Effluent to Creek
(AFY)
Effluent to
Reclaimed
Water System
(AFY)
Tertiary Treated
Effluent to
Ponds (AFY)
Total Effluent
(AFY)
2021 365 365
2022 328 328
2023 319 319
2024 294 294
2025 831 831

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-16
Recycled Water System Description
§10633(c) A description of the recycled water currently being used in the supplier’s service area, including, but not limited to, the type, place, and quantity of use.

The City prepared a Reclaimed Water Master Plan in 2018. The plan includes detailed description and analysis of the existing and future reclaimed water distribution systems, demand, modeling, and evaluation criteria.

The City delivers Title 22 reclaimed water to non-potable customers via a dedicated distribution system for landscaping irrigation, toilet flushing via dual plumbed system, firefighting, dust control, and various construction applications.

Reclaimed water delivery began in 2007. Historical quantities are provided in Table 6-8.

Table 6-8 – Historical Reclaimed Water Deliveries
Year
Total Effluent
(AFY)
2021 4,790
2022 4,518
2023 4,107
2024 4,245
2025 4,554
A map of the reclaimed water distribution system is provided in Figure 6.4, an excerpt from the 2018 Reclaimed Water Master Plan.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-17
Figure 6-4- Reclaimed Water System Map
Potential, Current and Projected Recycled Water Uses
§10633 (b) A description of the quantity of treated wastewater that meets recycled water standards, is being discharged, and is otherwise available for use in a recycled water project.

A description and quantification of the potential uses of recycled water, including, but not limited to, agricultural irrigation, landscape irrigation, wildlife habitat enhancement, wetlands, industrial reuse, groundwater recharge, indirect potable reuse, and other appropriate uses, and a determination with regard to the technical and economic feasibility of serving those uses.

The projected use of recycled water within the supplier’sservice area at the end of 5, 10, 15, and 20 years, and a description of the actual use of recycled water in comparison to uses previously projected pursuant to this subdivision.

Potential Beneficial Uses of Reclaimed Water
The Reclaimed Water Master Plan has identified opportunities for conversion of potable irrigation customers to reclaimed water. In addition, ongoing land development will use

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-18
reclaimed water for irrigation. Future irrigation demand for potable conversion and new construction is estimated at 3,974 AFY. This number is referenced from the 2018 Reclaimed Water Master Plan but is planned to be updated in FY 2028.

The Dos Lagos Specific Plan identifies irrigation, construction, and non-contact recreational impoundment opportunities. The overall demand at this golf course is estimated to be 850,000 gpd or 952 AFY.

The Sierra Bella Specific Plan identifies irrigation opportunities. The development is estimated to provide approximately 72,088 gpd or 81 AFY.

The Arantine Hills Specific Plan identifies irrigation and dual plumbing opportunities. The development is estimated to provide approximately 142,123 gpd or 159 AFY.

The Green River Specific Plan does not indicate the use of reclaimed water however, the specific plan predates implementation of the reclaimed water system. The development is estimated to provide approximately 47,981 gpd or 54 AFY.

Projected Use of Reclaimed Water
The 2018 Reclaimed Water Master Plan breaks down future projects to add recycled water demand into the following categories:
• Large Distribution Pipelines
• Medium Distribution Pipelines
• Small Distribution Pipelines
• Conversion of Adjacent Demands
Table 6-9 provides a summary of large distribution pipeline projects.

Table 6-9 – Large Reclaimed Water Distribution Pipeline Projects Project Name
Approximate Reclaimed
Demand (AFY)
Buena Vista Tenth Pipeline 205
Ontario Slipline 211
Sampson Pipeline 222
River Pipeline 204
Table 6-10 provides a summary of medium distribution pipeline projects.

Table 6-10 – Medium Reclaimed Water Distribution Pipeline Projects Project Name
Approximate Reclaimed
Demand (AFY)
Old Temescal Pipeline 24
Lincoln Foothill Pipeline 20
Avenida Del Vista Pipeline 32
Border Pipeline 59

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-19
Project Name
Approximate Reclaimed
Demand (AFY)
Promenade Pipeline 43
Research Pipeline 15
Smith Pipeline 22
Via Pacifica Pipeline 34
Tehachapi Pipeline 10
Table 6-11 provides a summary of small distribution pipeline projects.

Table 6-11 – Small Reclaimed Water Distribution Pipeline Projects Project Name
Approximate Reclaimed
Demand (AFY)
Jenks Pipeline 9
Airport Circle Pipeline 7
Helicopter Pipeline 6
Glider Pipeline 2
Citation Pipeline 2
Klug Pipeline 6
Monica Pipeline 5
Chase Hudson Pipeline 8
Cessna Pipeline 5
Main Citrus Pipeline 35
The City anticipates converting existing potable water irrigation to reclaimed water irrigation for smaller customers adjacent to existing reclaimed water pipeline. Table 6-12 provides a summary of conversion of adjacent demands.

Table 6-12 – Conversion of Adjacent Demands
Potable Demands to Convert
Approximate Reclaimed
Demand (AFY)
Commercial 26
Industrial 109
Institutional 1
Multi-Family Residential 65
Single Family Residential 24
Table 6.13 provides a summary of all future reclaimed water demands cited in the 2018 Reclaimed Water Master Plan.

Table 6-13 – Summary of Future Reclaimed Water Demands
Potable Demands to Convert
Approximate Reclaimed
Demand (AFY)
Large Distribution Pipeline Projects 842

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-20
Potable Demands to Convert
Approximate Reclaimed
Demand (AFY)
Medium Distribution Pipeline Projects 259
Small Distribution Pipeline Projects 85
Conversion of Adjacent Demands 225
Grand Total 1.411
Project implementation will depend on funding and opportunity. The City of Corona anticipates adding approximately 100 AFY every five years. These projections are shown in Table 6-14.

Table 6-14 - Summary of WMWD Imported Water Supply
Demand 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Reclaimed
Water (AFY) 4,443 4,543 4,643 4,743 4,843
Planned vs. Actual Reclaimed Water Use
The 2020 UWMP projected reclaimed water use in 2025 at 4,795 AFY. The actual 2025 volume delivered was 4,554 AFY. The 2020 projection assumed continued expansion of the reclaimed water distribution system and the addition or conversion of 350 AFY of potable to reclaimed water demand. After coordination with the City, it was deemed to expect future conversions of 100 AFY for the next five years, instead of 350 AFY. This is due to the possible conversion of some community facilities district (CFD) landscaping areas and parks from the City’s Parks Division.

Actions to Encourage and Optimize Future Recycled Water Use §10633 The plan shall provide, to the extent available, information on recycled water and its potential for use as a water source in the service area of the urban water supplier… and shall include the following:
(g) A plan for optimizing the use of recycled water in the supplier’s service area, including actions to facilitate the installation of dual distribution systems, to promote recirculating uses, to facilitate the increased use of treated wastewater that meets recycled water standards, and to overcome any obstacles to achieving that increased use.

The City will continue implementation of the Reclaimed Water Master Plan, which calls for expansion of the reclaimed water system for conversion of irrigation from potable to reclaimed water.

Ordinance 2854 establishes rules and regulations related to reclaimed water use, including the importance of revisions and updates to the Reclaimed Water Master Plan with respect to identifying qualified potential customers. Per the Ordinance:

General

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-21
The City of Corona is primarily dependent on imported water for domestic, commercial and industrial uses. This imported supply is considered limited and its future reliability uncertain. In addition, transport of imported water requires tremendous energy input which constitutes a considerable portion of the total water cost to the end user. It is in the best interest of the City of Corona to promote and implement innovative water management strategies to conserve water and energy resources while still satisfying the needs of its citizens.

On July 5, 2001, the Corona City Council adopted the Recycled Water Master Plan, which provides for the planning of wastewater reclamation facilities, fostering the use of recycled water, controlling its safe distribution, and permitting and regulating its use. On July 18, 2001, the City Council adopted Ordinance 2544 establishing general provision related of use of recycled water (the “Recycled Water Ordinance”). The basis for the ordinance is California Water Code Section 13551, which state that the continued use of potable water for greenbelt irrigation and certain other non-domestic water uses is an unreasonable use of water if recycled water is available and suitable for such purposes.

The use of recycled water from domestic or municipal sewage is regulated by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB). California Water Code Section 13551 established a state policy to encourage the use of recycled water. Permission to use recycled water is based on the ability adequately treat domestic wastewater to the point that the recycled water (effluent) meets the requirements of Title 22, Chapter 3 regulations of the California Water Code. Title 22 was promulgated by the State Department of Health Services to ensure proper health protection and specify the degree of treatment to match the intended applications.

The adoption of the Recycled Water Ordinance and in coordination with Section

13.28.040(c) of the Municipal Code, the following Rules and Regulations have been developed to govern the distribution and use of Section 3 Study Area 3-12 2018 Reclaimed Water Master Plan recycled water for landscape irrigation and other nonpotable uses as they become available.

These regulations address the application of recycled water for irrigation and construction use. Other proposed uses will be reviewed on a case by case basis by the Director of the regulatory agencies. In all cases, the City’s approval of any proposed use will be contingent upon the proposed use being acceptable to the regulatory agencies.

Only those uses specified in the User Agreement are authorized uses.

Policy
It is the policy of the City of Corona that recycled water be used for any purposes or project approved for recycled water use, when it is economically, financially and technically feasible, as mandated by the Recycled Water Ordinance. Use of potable water for non- domestic uses shall be contrary to the City policy, shall not be considered the most beneficial use of a natural resource and shall be avoided to the maximum extent possible.

The distribution and use of recycled water shall be consistent with the standards and requirements of regulatory agencies for the protection of public health and welfare, and the preservation of the quality of the environment.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-22
All offsite facilities are the responsibility of the Director and shall be under the management and control of the City. Only the Director and those authorized by the Director shall have any right to operate said system and/or property in any manner. The Director shall be responsible for the operation of the offsite distribution system and for the surveillance of all users. Users shall be responsible for the quality assessment of recycled water as it relates to compliance with requirements of the regulatory agencies.

The City reserves the right to take any action with respect to the operation of the recycled water system and at such time as it deems proper to safeguard public health.

Purpose
The Rules and Regulations set forth herein pertain to recycled water service provided by the City of Corona within the City’s service area. These Rules and Regulations establish procedure for the distribution and use of recycled water on public and/or private property.

The City shall enforce these regulations in all matters concerning the use of recycled water and/or recycled water service. Each and every condition and Section 3 Study Area 3-13 2018 Reclaimed Water Master Plan requirement with respect to the use, connection, disconnection, reconnection, and/or discontinuance of recycled water and/or recycled water service provided by and set forth in these regulations, shall apply with equal force and effect to any person, persons, or firm, public or private. There shall be deviation from these regulations except upon authorization by the City, who will act all times within any and all regulatory agency constraints. An approved standard appeals procedure shall be provided and action of the Council shall be final.

These regulations may be amended by Council resolution at any regular or special meeting for cause determined by the Council or City staff, and without the approval of any user or owner. These Rules and Regulations shall be interpreted in accordance with the purposes, policy and intent of the Recycled Water Ordinance and the definitions set forth in Section 2 herein. Moreover, any amendments so made are immediately incorporated by these regulations and will be administered as such. Insofar as these regulations are based upon portions of the California Code of Regulations, Title 17, Title 22, and amendments to those documents are hereby also incorporated by these regulations. These regulations shall take precedent when requirement contained herein are more stringent than those specified by Federal, State or local governing codes, rules and regulations.

Recycled water service from the City is subject to the availability of facilities and adequate capacity in these facilities to move recycled water to the location of the proposed use.

It is the general intent of the City to provide recycled water to all service areas in the City identified in the Recycled Water Master Plan and subsequent additions, revisions or updates of the plan, herein referred to as “Master Plan”. It is the intent of the City that existing owners of property, identified in the Master Plan as being potential users within are as designated for recycled water use, qualify for a recycled water permit from the City in accordance with the Rules and Regulations.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-23
Insofar as these Rules and Regulations support portions of the California Code of Regulations, Title 22, any amendment of the California Code of Regulations which may be pertinent to the Rules and Regulations shall be incorporated accordingly

6.8 Desalinated Water Opportunities
§10631(g) Describe the opportunities for development of desalinated water, including, but not limited to, ocean water, brackish water, and groundwater, as a long-term supply.

Located in an inland region, the City does not have access to ocean water desalination opportunities. There are no brackish groundwater desalination opportunities in the vicinity.

The City currently receives supply from two sources of desalinated groundwater: the Temescal Desalter and the Arlington Desalter.

There are no additional opportunities for desalinated water.

6.8.1 Temescal Desalter
The Temescal Desalter, owned and operated by the City, is a reverse osmosis (RO) treatment facility where Temescal Basin groundwater high in Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is forced oneway through membranes that reject salts as waste brine. The Temescal Desalter produces 10 million gallons of product water each day. The City blends this water with other locally produced groundwater sources.

The waste brine is discharged to the Inland Empire Brine Line (IEBL) and eventually reaches specially equipped treatment plants operated by the Orange County Sanitation District (OCWD).

After treatment, the waste is discharged to the Pacific Ocean.

In terms of water supply data management, the City accounts for groundwater pumping, brine waste discharge and blending in the operation of the Temescal Desalter.

6.8.2 Arlington Desalter
The Arlington Desalter, owned and operated by WMWD, is a reverse osmosis (RO) treatment facility where Arlington Basin groundwater is forced one-way through membranes that reject salts as waste brine. The Arlington Desalter produces 6.4 million gallons per day.

Supply from the Arlington Desalter primarily serves the cities of Norco and Riverside with excess production made available to the City of Corona.

6.9 Water Exchanges and Water Transfers
§10631(c) Describe the opportunitiesfor exchanges or transfers of water on a shortterm or long-term basis.

The City maintains connections with WMWD, Riverside, Norco, TVWD and Home Gardens County Water District. These connections provide opportunities for exchange and transfer among the systems.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-24

6.9.1 Home Gardens County Water District
The City has entered into an agreement with Home Gardens County Water District as follows:
• Home Gardens purchases all of its water from the City.

6.9.2 City of Riverside
The City of Corona has historically imported water from the City of Riverside. In recent years, no water has been imported. Emergency connections exist with the City of Riverside, but no transfers have occurred.

6.9.3 City of Norco
The City of Corona has historically wheeled treated surface water from WMWD to the City of Norco. As of April 2021, the City has not wheeled treated surface water.

6.9.4 Temescal Valley Water District
The City of Corona has historically transferred water to TVWD. In recent years, no water has been exported.

6.10 Future Water Projects
§10631(f) Include a description of all water supply projects and water supply programs that may be undertaken by the urban water supplier to meet the total projected water use, as established pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 10635. The urban water supplier shall include a detailed description of expected future projects and programs that the urban water supplier may implement to increase the amount of the water supply available to the urban water supplier in normal and single dry water years and for a period of drought lasting five consecutive water years. The description shall identify specific projects and include a description of the increase in water supply that is expected to be available from each project. The description shall include an estimate with regard to the implementation timeline for each project or program.

6.10.1 Groundwater Treatment
The Bedford-Coldwater Basin was recently declared to be under the direct influence of surface water. The City has not produced any groundwater from the Coldwater Basin due to lack of treatment with respect to the influence of surface water.

6.10.2 Reclaimed Water Supply Improvements
The City of Corona Utilities Department has entered into an agreement with the Western Riverside County Regional Wastewater Authority (WRCRWA) to treat a portion of the City’s wastewater and provide the City with up to 2.62 MGD of Title 22 tertiary treated reclaimed water.

The City is currently preparing plans for the design of the transmission main to deliver this water to the City from the WRCRWA Wastewater Treatment Plant.

This project will improve reclaimed water supply reliability and provide the City with flexibility in the way it allocates reclaimed water to direct reuse and groundwater management.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-25

6.10.3 – Bedford-Coldwater Recharge Basin
Surface mining in the Bedford-Coldwater Basin is anticipated to be completed within twenty years. At that time, the Coldwater Pit will be converted to a recharge basin, enhancing groundwater storage capacity in the Bedford-Coldwater Basin.

This project will not increase normal supply; however, under single dry year and multiple dry year conditions, stored groundwater may be used to offset a drop in imported water supply availability.

6.10.4 – Indirect/Direct Potable Reuse Feasibility Plan (IPR/DPR) To potentially maximize the city’s water resources, the City of Corona’s utility department will be preparing an IPR/DRP in the near future, between FY 2025-2026 or FY 2026-2027. This would be a comprehensive study to evaluate and assess whether or not highly treated wastewater can safely and economically augment drinking water supplies.

6.9.1 Well 7A/8A Wellhead Treatment
The City intends to add GAC treatment at the discharge of both Well 7A and 8A.

6.9.2 Glen Ivy Disinfection Project
The City of Corona Glen Ivy Disinfection Project consists of the demolition of existing water treatment and storage facilities and the construction of a new water disinfection system at Glen Ivy Road in Riverside County, California.

The project includes removal of existing infrastructure, including a 60-foot diameter reservoir tank, chemical feed systems, buildings, pipelines, and associated electrical and mechanical equipment. Following demolition, the site will be redeveloped to accommodate a new disinfection facility designed to improve water quality and treatment reliability.

Proposed improvements include construction of a new disinfection building, installation of cartridge filtration systems, chemical dosing systems utilizing sodium hypochlorite and ammonia, and a static mixing system. The project also involves installation of a 48-inch pipeline, connections to existing water mains, and associated appurtenances.

Additional work includes site grading, paving, drainage improvements, structural foundations, electrical and instrumentation systems, and site access enhancements such as fencing and gates.

The project will integrate with existing well sources and water infrastructure and will be constructed in accordance with City standards and applicable regulatory requirements to ensure safe and effective water treatment operations.

6.10 Summary of Existing and Planned Sources of Water
Table 6-15 provides a summary of existing and projected supplies discussed in the chapter.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-26
Table 6-15 - Summary of All Water Supply
Water Source
2025
(AFY)
2030
(AFY)
2035
(AFY)
2040
(AFY)
2045
(AFY)
2050
(AFY)
WMWD -
Imported Water 16,382 21,110 21,110 21,110 21,110 21,110 Temescal Basin -
Groundwater 15,569 14,482 14,482 14,482 14,482 14,482
BedfordColdwater Basin
- Groundwater
0 2,112 2,112 2,112 2,112 2,112
Reclaimed
Water 11,273 10,000 19,000 19,000 19,000 19,000
Total 43,224 47,704 56,704 56,704 56,704 56,704

6.11 Climate Change Impacts to Supply
Per the City of Corona 2012 Climate Action Plan:

The City acknowledges that electricity is used to move and treat potable water, reclaimed water and wastewater contribution to GHG emissions.

The City acknowledges its authority to implement the Water Shortage Contingency Plan in the event of a water shortage.

Regarding Water Conservation:

In 2008 Corona adopted ordinance 2949 which revised the landscape requirements for water conservation for residential, commercial, and industrial development projects to reflect changes in state law. The ordinance was adopted to coincide with the adoption of the Landscape Design Guidelines for Commercial and Industrial Developments. On February 22, 2010 the City adopted the revised Landscape Design Guidelines for Residential Development and revised Landscape Design Guidelines for Commercial and Industrial Developments. The guidelines were established to create a more pleasant living and working environment and promote water and resource conservation, including but not limited to, storm water retention/percolation and best management practices. The landscape design guidelines complement the mandatory site development regulations contained in the City’s Zoning Ordinance and Specific Plans. The guidelines will be utilized during the City’s plan review process to accomplish the goals of ensuring highest level of resource conservation, promoting water‐efficient landscaping, encouraging flexibility in design, complying with state guidelines for landscape water demand, and eliminating water waste.

The City acknowledges that the use of recycled water is a cost-effective way to offset potable water demand and improve groundwater recharge.

The City acknowledges water use efficiency and water conservation as effective methods to reduce GHG emissions:

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-27

WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM
Under this program the excessive watering of landscaping, excessive fountain operation, watering during peak daylight hours, water of non‐permeable surfaces, excessive water use for noncommercial washing, and water use resulting in flooding or runoff would be prohibited. In addition the program would encourage efficient water use for construction activities, the installation of low‐flow toilets and showerheads for all new developments, use of drought‐tolerant plants with efficient landscape watering systems for all new developments, recycling of water used for cooling systems, use of pool covers, and the posting of water conservation signage at all hotels.

NEW DEVELOPMENT INCENTIVES
Provide incentives for developers to comply with the California Green Building Standards Code as requirements for all new development. Under this Code new developments are required to reduce indoor potable water use by 20% beyond the Energy Policy Act of 1992 fixture performance requirements, and to reduce outdoor potable water use by 50% from a mid-summer baseline average consumption through irrigation efficiency, native plant selection, the use of recycled water and/or captured rainwater for example.

WATER EFFICIENCY RETROFIT PROGRAM
This program would encourage upgrades in water efficiency for renovations or additions of residential, commercial, office, and industrial properties equivalent to that of new developments. The City would work with local water purveyors to achieve consistent standards, and to develop, approve, and review procedures for implementation.

INCREASED RECYCLED WATER USE
Promote the use of municipal wastewater and graywater for agricultural, industrial and irrigation purposes. This measure would be subject to approval of the State Health Department and compliance with Title 22 provisions. This measure would facilitate the following:
• Inventory of non‐potable water uses that could be substituted with recycled or graywater;
• Determination of the feasibility of producing and distributing recycled water for groundwater replenishment;
• Determine the associated energy/GHG tradeoffs for treatment/use vs. out of basin water supply usage;
• Cooperation and coordination with responsible agencies to encourage the use of recycled water where energy tradeoffs are favorable.

WATER EFFICIENCY TRAINING AND EDUCATION
Under this measure the City, in coordination with local water purveyors would implement a public information and education program that promotes water conservation. The program could include certification programs for irrigation designers, installers, and managers, as well as classes to promote the use of drought tolerant, native species and xeriscaping.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-28
The City acknowledges funding mechanisms for the water conservation:

Clean Water State Revolving Funds. CWSRFs fund water quality protection projects for wastewater treatment, nonpoint source pollution control, and watershed and estuary management. CWSRFs have funded over $74 billion, providing over 24,688 low‐interest loans to date.

CWSRF’s offer:
• Low Interest Rates, Flexible Terms—Nationally, interest rates for CWSRF loans average 2.3 percent, compared to market rates that average 5 percent. For a CWSRF program offering this rate, a CWSRF funded project would cost 22 percent less than projects funded at the market rate. CWSRFs can fund 100 percent of the project cost and provide flexible repayment terms up to 20 years.
• Funding for Nonpoint Source Pollution Control and Estuary Protection—CWSRFs provided more than $167 million in 2009 to control pollution from nonpoint sources and for estuary protection, more than $3 billion to date. • Assistance to a Variety of Borrowers—The CWSRF program has assisted a range of borrowers including municipalities, communities of all sizes, farmers, homeowners, small businesses, and nonprofit organizations.
• Partnerships with Other Funding Sources—CWSRFs partner with banks, nonprofits, local governments, and other federal and state agencies to provide the best water quality financing source for their communities.

The City’s research into climate change found no impacts on local water supply.

6.12 Energy Intensity
§10631.2 (a) In addition to the requirements of Section 10631, an urban water management plan shall include any of the following information that the urban water supplier can readily obtain:
(1) An estimate of the amount of energy used to extract or divert water supplies. (2) An estimate of the amount of energy used to convey water supplies to the water treatment plants or distribution systems.
(3) An estimate of the amount of energy used to treat water supplies. (4) An estimate of the amount of energy used to distribute water supplies through its distribution systems.
(5) An estimate of the amount of energy used for treated water supplies in comparison to the amount used for nontreated water supplies. (6) An estimate of the amount of energy used to place water into or withdraw from storage.
(7) Any other energy-related information the urban water supplier deems appropriate.

Chapter 6 – Normal-Year Water Supply Characterization
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
6-29
Table 6-16 provides a summary of energy used in the potable water system during 2025.

Additional analysis is provided in Appendix H.

Table 6-16 – Energy Use
Energy Use
Sum of All Water Management Processes
Non-Consequential
Hydropower
Extract and
Divert Treatment Distribution
Hydropower Net Utility
Volume of Water
Entering Process (AF) 1,784 5,296 30,394 - 30,394
Energy Consumed
(kWh) 6,735,400 12,427,020 23,185,661 - 42,348,081
Energy Intensity
(kWh/AF) 3,775 2,346 2,341 - 4,276

Chapter 7 – Water System Reliability & DRA
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
7-1
Water System Reliability & DRA

7.1 Constraints on Water Sources Considerations
§10631 (b)(1) A detailed discussion of anticipated supply availability under a normal water year, single dry year, and droughts lasting at least five years, as well as more frequent and severe periods of drought, as described in the drought risk assessment. For each source of water supply, consider any information pertinent to the reliability analysis conducted pursuant to Section 10635, including changes in supply due to climate change.
§10634 The plan shall include information, to the extent practicable, relating to the quality of existing sources of water available to the supplier over the same five-year increments as described in subdivision (a) of Section 10631, and the manner in which water quality affects water management strategies and supply reliability. §10635 (b)(2) A determination of the reliability of each source of supply under a variety of water shortage conditions. This may include a determination that a particular source of water supply is fully reliable under most, if not all, conditions. §10635 (b)(4) Considerations of the historical drought hydrology, plausible changes on projected supplies and demands under climate change conditions, anticipated regulatory changes, and other locally applicable criteria.

The City of Corona has the option of receiving treated imported water from WMWD, pumping groundwater from Temescal Basin, and using recycled water as part of their water supply. The constraints for the City of Corona is as follows:
• 21,110 AFY from WMWD
• There are no constraints on reclaimed water supply
• There are no constraints on groundwater supply from the Temescal Basin, but to maintain sustainability, the City should limit its usage to 14,482 AFY.

Groundwater from the Bedford-Coldwater Basin does not meet water quality standards and is not in use. The City plans to implement water treatment for this source. For the purposes of this analysis, potable groundwater from the Bedford-Coldwater Basin is not considered available at the time of this report.

7.2 Water Service Reliability Assessment
§10635(a) Every urban water supplier shall include, as part of its urban water management plan, an assessment of the reliability of its water service to its customers during normal, dry, and multiple dry water years. This water supply and demand assessment shall compare the total water supply sources available to the water supplier with the long-term total projected water use over the next 20 years, in five-year increments, for a normal water year, a single dry water year, and a drought lasting five consecutive water years. The water service reliability assessment shall be based upon the information compiled pursuant to Section 10631, including available data from state, regional, or local agency population

Chapter 7 – Water System Reliability & DRA
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
7-2
projections within the service area of the urban water supplier. Narrative Sections for Supplier’s UWMP Water Supply Characterization

7.2.1 WSRA Year Type Characterization
There are three “Year Types” included in the water service reliability assessment: Normal Year, Single Dry Year, and Five-Consecutive-Year Drought.

Normal Year: Represents the average, typical dry year conditions. The historical averages from 2021 through 2025 were used to obtain these projections. These projections match the data in Table 4-3 of this UWMP and DWR Table 7-2.

Single Dry Year: Per historical data, the driest year on record was 2007. Relative to the normal year demand projection for 2030, it is calculated a 15.12% increase in demand assuming another dry year. The increase in demand would represent the projected demand under a similar singleyear drought event.

Five-Consecutive-Year Drought: Per historical data, the driest five-year record on record is 2005-2009. To test a possible prolonged drought period, we would assume the historical demands from that same period would be the same for each consecutive year and adjusting for population growth and increase in non-potable water use as described in Section 4.2.5 in this UWMP.

7.2.2 WSRA Supply and Demand Comparison

7.2.2.1 Normal Year (Average Year)
The historical demands from 2021 through 2025 have been projected through 2050 accounting for population growth, response to wholesale cost increase, response to water efficiency building code requirements, and conversion for potable water use for irrigation to reclaimed water at a rate of 100 AFY every 5 years. These values match the projections in Table 4-3 of this UWMP and DWR Table 7-2 shown in Appendix D.

Table 7-1 - Projected Water Demands
Sector
2030
(AFY)
2035
(AFY)
2040
(AFY)
2045
(AFY)
2050
(AFY)
Residential Single-Family 21,743 21,745 21,815 21,750 21,753 Residential Multi-Family 3,237 3,238 3,248 3,238 3,239
Commercial/Institutional 3,593 3,593 3,605 3,594 3,594
Industrial 1,094 1,095 1,098 1,095 1,095
Landscape Potable 2,834 2,734 2,634 2,534 2,434
Landscape Non-Potable 3,830 3,930 4,030 4,130 4,230
Hydrants Potable 366 366 366 366 366
Hydrants Non-Potable 95 95 95 95 95
Sale to Other Agencies* 370 370 370 370 370
Brine Discharge Non-Potable 618 618 618 618 618
Real & Apparent Losses** 2,612 2,604 2,604 2,589 2,582
Total Water Use 40,393 40,389 40,483 40,380 40,376
*Norco has not had recordings in export since 2021
**Total Water Use includes estimated real and apparent losses, assuming 7.8% of Projected Water Use Table 7-2 provides a summary of normal year supply and demand comparison. As displayed, there is adequate supply under normal years to meet demand through 2050 assuming the supply

Chapter 7 – Water System Reliability & DRA
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
7-3
projections summarized in Table 6-15 remain in place. For convenience, the supply projections are summarized below:
• WVWD - Imported Water: Maximum allowable supply = 21,110 AFY during 2030 through 2050
• Temescal Basin – Groundwater: 14,482 AFY during 2030 through 2050 • Bedford-Coldwater Basin – Groundwater: 2,112 AFY during 2030 through 2050 • Reclaimed Water: 10,000 AFY for 2030 and projected 19,000 AFY 2035 and forward o Total Projected Supply for 2030 = 47,704 AFY
o Total Projected Supply for 2035 and forward = 56,704 AFY Table 7-2 - WRSA Average Year Supply (2021-2025) and Demand Comparison Year 2030
(AFY)
2035
(AFY)
2040
(AFY)
2045
(AFY)
2050
(AFY)
Supply 47,704 56,704 56,704 56,704 56,704
Demand 40,393 40,389 40,483 40,380 40,376
Difference 7,311 16,315 16,221 16,324 16,328

7.2.2.2 Single Dry Year
The projected single dry year demand is assumed to be a year that would represent how the water system would perform during a short drought. For this instance, the demand assumed is during a recent “dry” year when there was not much rainfall. The year on record as the driest year is 2007. It is assumed the demand for the 2007 year would be the base for projected demands under the single dry year analysis for the year 2030. Assuming a 15.83% increase in demand by comparing the projected normal year demand for 2030 with the historical demand of 2007, projected single dry year demands were calculated.

Assuming the same projected supply as under the normal year conditions, Table 7-3 provides a summary of the single dry year supply and demand comparison. There is adequate supply during a single dry year to meet demand through 2050. If the City wanted to decrease the projected demand, it would be recommended to implement Stage 2 of its WSCP to obtain a demand reduction of up to 15%.

Table 7-3 - Single Dry Year Supply (2007) and Demand Comparison Year 2030
(AFY)
2035
(AFY)
2040
(AFY)
2045
(AFY)
2050
(AFY)
Supply 47,704 56,704 56,704 56,704 56,704
Demand 46,788 46,783 46,892 46,773 46,768
Difference 916 9,921 9,812 9,931 9,936

7.2.2.3 Five Consecutive Dry Years
The five-consecutive dry year scenario evaluates the water system’s reliability under extended drought conditions, assuming hydrologic conditions consistent with a “normal dry year” repeated over a five-year period. Based on historical rainfall data from CIMIS Station 44, the driest five-year period was from 2005 through 2009 with only a cumulative rainfall of 30.04

Chapter 7 – Water System Reliability & DRA
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
7-4
inches. For planning purposes, this analysis assumes that water supplies remain constant at projected levels for the planning horizon (2030 through 2050), without additional reductions due to regulatory, environmental, or operational constraints beyond those already incorporated into baseline supply projections.

Water demand during the five-year drought period is assumed to reflect normal dry year conditions without implementation of shortage response actions. The demands in the table reflect 2005-2009 actual demand and their respective projections when compared to the normal year demands. There will be no demand reductions associated with voluntary or mandatory conservation measures as outlined in the City’s WSCP. This approach provides a conservative evaluation of system performance under sustained dry conditions prior to invoking demand management actions.

Available supplies during each of the five consecutive years include a consistent portfolio of sources such as local groundwater production, imported water deliveries, recycled water, and other supplies, as applicable. These supplies are assumed to be available at the same levels projected for a single dry year, reflecting long-term reliability planning assumptions rather than short-term hydrologic variability.

This scenario is intended to demonstrate Corona’s baseline vulnerability to extended drought conditions in the absence of shortage response actions.

Under this case, the table shows that there is sufficient supply to meet demands in multiple dry years.

Table 7-4 - Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison 2030
(AFY)
2035
(AFY)
2040
(AFY)
2045
(AFY)
2050
(AFY)
First Year
Supply 47,704 56,704 56,704 56,704 56,704
Demand 42,771 42,766 42,866 42,757 42,753
Difference 4,933 13,938 13,838 13,947 13,951
Second Year
Supply 47,704 56,704 56,704 56,704 56,704
Demand 44,834 44,829 44,934 44,820 44,815
Difference 2,870 11,875 11,770 11,884 11,889
Third Year
Supply 47,704 56,704 56,704 56,704 56,704
Demand 46,788 46,783 46,892 46,773 46,768
Difference 916 9,921 9,812 9,931 9,936
Fourth Year
Supply 47,704 56,704 56,704 56,704 56,704
Demand 45,265 45,260 45,366 45,251 45,246
Difference 2,439 11,444 11,338 11,453 11,458
Fifth Year
Supply 47,704 56,704 56,704 56,704 56,704
Demand 43,351 43,346 43,447 43,337 43,333
Difference 4,353 13,358 13,257 13,367 13,371

7.2.3 WRSA Description of Management Tools and Options
§10620(f) An urban water supplier shall describe in the plan water management tools and options used by that entity that will maximize resources and minimize the need to import water from other regions.

Chapter 7 – Water System Reliability & DRA
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
7-5
The City utilizes the following water management tools and options:
• Water Conservation Program
• Leak Detection
• Water Audits
• Ordinance for water use efficient fixtures in new construction • Conversion of potable water irrigation demand to reclaimed water

7.3 Drought Risk Assessment
§10635(b) Every urban water supplier shall include, as part of its urban water management plan, a drought risk assessment for its water service to its customers as part of information considered in developing the demand management measures and water supply projects and programs to be included in the urban water management plan. The urban water supplier may conduct an interim update or updates to this drought risk assessment within the five-year cycle of its urban water management plan update. The drought risk assessment shall include each of the following:
(1) A description of the data, methodology, and basis for one or more supply shortage conditions that are necessary to conduct a drought risk assessment for a drought period that lasts five consecutive water years, starting from the year following when the assessment is conducted.
(2) A determination of the reliability of each source of supply under a variety of water shortage conditions. This may include a determination that a particular source of water supply is fully reliable under most, if not all, conditions. (3) A comparison of the total water supply sources available to the water supplier with the total projected water use for the drought period. (4) Considerations of the historical drought hydrology, plausible changes on projected supplies and demands under climate change conditions, anticipated regulatory changes, and other locally applicable criteria.

CWC requires every urban water supplier to include a drought risk assessment (DRA) for its water service to its customers as part of information considered in developing the demand management measures and water supply projects and programs to be included in the urban water management plan. The DRA allows these suppliers to see how projected water use under a hypothetical five-year drought condition would affect its supply portfolio and demonstrate how critical water management is to an urban water supplier. The DWR created this assessment to help evaluate its appropriate water shortage response actions prior to an actual extended drought period of five-years.

As part of the DRA, the urban water supplier assesses its water supply reliability over a five-year period from 2021 through 2025 that examines water supplies, water uses, and the resulting water supply reliability under a reasonable prediction for five consecutive dry years.

Chapter 7 – Water System Reliability & DRA
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
7-6

7.3.1 Data, Methods, and Basis for Water Shortage Condition By taking the demand of the latest 5 years (2021-2025) to project forward the normal year demand for 2030 and considering the reclaimed water demand capped discussed below, the DRA demand for 2030 will approximately be 40,293 AFY. Then comparing that 2030 demand to the historical demand for 2025 of 34,948 AFY and assuming a linear inclination of demands from 2025 through 2030, the demand for the DRA was calculated. These demands are shown in Table 7-5.

7.3.2 DRA Water Source Reliability
The demand for reclaimed water is limited by the extent of the reclaimed water distribution system. For purposes of the DRA, reclaimed water demand is capped at 3,825 AFY, the average reclaimed water demand for 2021 through 2025. Although there is reclaimed water supply in excess of 10,000 AFY, direct use is limited by the customers connected to the system. Only the year 2030 will be projected to have supply of 47,704 AFY.

For groundwater, the City’s 2022 GSP was used to project that the use between 2026 through 2030 would be Corona’s groundwater pumping out of the Temescal Basin, which is 93% of the total pumping out of the Temescal Basin. This would equate to about 14,482 AFY out of a total 15,572 AFY for its supply in the next 5 years.

The Bedford-Coldwater Basin currently does not meets water quality standards; therefore, it is assumed that it will not be utilized during the 2026–2030 period.

Additionally, there are no constraints on maximum imported water supply during 2026–2030.

This 21,110 AFY would allow the City flexibility to meet future demands.

Chapter 7 – Water System Reliability & DRA
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
7-7

7.3.3 DRA Water Supply and Use Comparison
Under the conditions described in earlier sections, the DRA is provided in Table 7-5 below.

Table 7-5 – Five-Year DRA
2026 Total (AF)
Total Water Use 36,017
Total Supplies 39,417
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 3,400
Planned WSCP Actions
WSCP - supply augmentation benefit -
WSCP - use reduction savings benefit -
Revised Surplus/(shortfall) -
2027 Total (AF)
Total Water Use 37,086
Total Supplies 39,417
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 2,331
Planned WSCP Actions
WSCP - supply augmentation benefit -
WSCP - use reduction savings benefit -
Revised Surplus/(shortfall) -
2028 Total (AF)
Total Water Use 38,155
Total Supplies 39,417
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 1,262
Planned WSCP Actions
WSCP - supply augmentation benefit -
WSCP - use reduction savings benefit -
Revised Surplus/(shortfall) -
2029 Total (AF)
Total Water Use 39,224
Total Supplies 39,417
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 193
Planned WSCP Actions
WSCP - supply augmentation benefit -
WSCP - use reduction savings benefit -
Revised Surplus/(shortfall) -
2030 Total (AF)
Total Water Use 40,293
Total Supplies 47,704
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 7,411
Planned WSCP Actions
WSCP - supply augmentation benefit -
WSCP - use reduction savings benefit -
Revised Surplus/(shortfall) -

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-1
Water Shortage Contingency Plan

8.1 General Description
§10632.3 It is the intent of the Legislature that, upon proclamation by the Governor of a state of emergency under the California Emergency Services Act (Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 8550) of Division 1 of Title 2 of the Government Code) based on drought conditions, the board defer to implementation of locally adopted water shortage contingency plans to the extent practicable.

Water Shortage Contingency Planning deals with the City’s authority to impose water use constraints on end users in order to assure sustainability under stressful emergency and longterm water shortage conditions.

Ordinance No. 2962 (2009) was enacted as an amendment to the Corona Municipal Code related to water conservation. This ordinance is cited throughout this chapter and is provided in Appendix N.

8.2 Water Supply Reliability Analysis
§10632 (a) (1) The analysis of water supply reliability conducted pursuant to Section 10635.

Water Code Section 10632.5. (a) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 10632, beginning January 1, 2020, the plan shall include a seismic risk assessment and mitigation plan to assess the vulnerability of each of the various facilities of a water system and mitigate those vulnerabilities.

Refer to Chapter 7 of the UWMP for the water supply reliability analysis.

8.3 Annual Water Supply and Demand Assessment Procedures §10632(a) Every urban water supplier shall prepare and adopt a water shortage contingency plan as part of its urban water management plan that consists of each of the following elements
§10632 (a) (2) The procedures used in conducting an annual water supply and demand assessment that include, at a minimum, both of the following:

The written decision-making process that an urban water supplier will use each year to determine its water supply reliability.

The key data inputs and assessment methodology used to evaluate the urban water supplier’s water supply reliability for the current year and one dry year, including all of the following:
(i) Current year unconstrained demand, considering weather, growth, and other influencing factors, such as policies to manage current supplies to meet demand objectives in future years, as applicable.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-2
(ii) Current year available supply, considering hydrological and regulatory conditions in the current year and one dry year. The annual supply and demand assessment may consider more than one dry year solely at the discretion of the urban water supplier.
(iii) Existing infrastructure capabilities and plausible constraints. (iv) A defined set of locally applicable evaluation criteria that are consistently relied upon for each annual water supply and demand assessment. (v) A description and quantification of each source of water supply. §10632.1 An urban water supplier shall conduct an annual water supply and demand assessment pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 10632 and, on or before July 1 of each year, submit an annual water shortage assessment report to the department with information for anticipated shortage, triggered shortage response actions, compliance and enforcement actions, and communication actions consistent with the supplier’s water shortage contingency plan. An urban water supplier that relies on imported water from the State Water Project or the Bureau of Reclamation shall submit its annual water supply and demand assessment within 14 days of receiving its final allocations, or by July 1 of each year, whichever is later.

8.3.1 Decision-Making Process
This section provides the decision-making process that the City will use each year to determine and report to the state its water supply reliability.

1. The City determines the supply available.

2. The City determines infrastructure constraints (including water quality conditions limiting local sources)

3. The City determines expected demand.

4. The City compares supply and demand and determines water supply reliability for the current year and one dry year.

5. The City prepares and submits the Annual Assessment Report to the state.

8.3.2 Data and Methodologies
A description of key data inputs and Annual Assessment methodologies used to evaluate the water service reliability for the current year and one dry year. The characteristic of a dry year is at the discretion of the Supplier, but it should be adequately defined and ideally align with one of the WSCP water shortage levels.

Supply Assessment Procedure
The City of Corona will consider the sum of its imported water from WMWD, groundwater from the Temescal Basin, groundwater from the Bedford-Coldwater Basin, and its reclaimed water.

For the 2025 UWMP, the available supply for each source mentioned is displayed in Table 6-3.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-3
Table 8-1 – Supply Baseline
Source Supply (AFY)
WMWD - Imported Water 21,110
Temescal Basin - Groundwater 14,482
Bedford-Coldwater Basin - Groundwater 2,112
Reclaimed Water 19,000
Total 56,704

8.4 Six Standard Water Shortage Levels
§10632 (a) (3) The analysis of water supply reliability conducted pursuant to Section 10635.
(A) Six standard water shortage levels corresponding to progressive ranges of up to 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 percent shortages and greater than 50 percent shortage.

Urban water suppliers shall define these shortage levels based on the suppliers’ water supply conditions, including percentage reductions in water supply, changes in groundwater levels, changes in surface elevation or level of subsidence, or other changes in hydrological or other local conditions indicative of the water supply available for use. Shortage levels shall also apply to catastrophic interruption of water supplies, including, but not limited to, a regional power outage, an earthquake, and other potential emergency events.
(B) An urban water supplier with an existing water shortage contingency plan that uses different water shortage levels may comply with the requirement in subparagraph (A) by developing and including a cross-reference relating its existing categories to the six standard water shortage levels.

Suppliers must include the six standard water shortage levels that represent shortages from the normal reliability. The shortage levels have been standardized to provide a consistent regional and statewide approach to conveying the relative severity of water supply shortage conditions.

The six standard water shortage levels correspond to progressively more severe estimated shortage conditions and align with the response actions the supplier would implement to address the severity of the impending shortages.

Water Code Section 10632 (a)(3)(B) authorizes Suppliers to continue using their own water shortage levels that may have been included in past WSCPs. Table 8-2 shows the City of Corona’s water shortage levels in relation to the six standard water shortage levels prescribed by statute.

In the event of a supply shortage, the Utilities Director will determine the shortage level based on available supply and the corresponding supply deficit as shown in Table 8.2.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-4
Table 8-2 – Shortage Level Determination
State
Standard
Shortage
Level % Shortage Range
City of Corona
Shortage Level per
Ordinance 2962
City of Corona
Shortage Range
0 No Shortage
1 0-9%
1 Up to 10%
2 Up to 20% 2 10-15%
3 16-20%
3 Up to 30%
4 21-40%
4 Up to 40%
5 Up to 50%
5 >41%
6 More than 50%
Per Ordinance 2962, a water shortage may be caused by, but is not limited to, any or all of the following circumstances or events:

1. A regional or statewide water supply shortage exists and a regional public outreach campaign is being implemented asking or requiring persons to reduce water use;

2. Groundwater wells are inoperable or unusable (such as by power outages, mechanical failure, or contamination);

3. Alternative water supplies are limited or unavailable;

4. Groundwater levels or groundwater quality is approaching levels which may require augmentation of the groundwater basin or other actions necessary to protect the groundwater basin as prescribed by the California Department of Water Resources, California Department of Public Health, the Regional Water Quality Control Board, Riverside County, or some other regulatory body; and

5. A major failure of any supply or distribution facility, whether temporary or permanent, occurs in the water distribution system of the State, the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, the Western Municipal Water District, or city water facilities.

8.4.1 Water Shortage Levels
The Shortage Response Actions are broken up into 5 standard water shortage levels. They are broken down into up to “No Shortage”, 10-15%, 16-20%, 21-40%, greater than 40% reduction.

Water Conservation Stage 1 (No shortage)
Water Conservation Stage 1 is also referred to as a “Normal Water Supply” and applies during periods when the city is able to meet all of the water demands of its customers. Water Conservation Stage 1 is in effect at all times unless the City Council otherwise declares that another water conservation stage is in effect pursuant to this chapter 13.26. Water is a limited natural resource and must be used efficiently and economically to meet the health and safety needs of the community. All normal water efficiency programs and water conservation regulations of the city, including the city’s landscape design guidelines for commercial and industrial developments, as may be adopted from time to time, will be in full force and effect during Water Conservation Stage 1.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-5
Water Conservation Stage 2
The objective of the measures undertaken in Water Conservation Stage 2 is to reduce water system consumption within the city by ten to fifteen percent as determined and recommended by the Utilities Director.

Except as otherwise provided in this Section 13.26.060, all water conservation and drought response measures of Water Conservation Stage 1 shall be in full force and effect during Water Conservation Stage 2. Upon declaration of a Water Conservation Stage 2 by the City Council, implementation by the city and publication of notice, the following water conservation and drought response measures shall apply:
• The city shall determine the base year consumption amount. Water customers shall reduce their water consumption by ten to fifteen percent, as determined and recommended by the Utilities Director, from the base year consumption amount for the duration of Water Conservation Stage 2. Provided, however, the base year consumption amount for any subsequent fiscal year shall be determined by the city as appropriate in the event that the city is required to continue the Water Conservation Stage 2 for more than twelve months.
• Lawns and/or ground covers may be watered and landscaping may be irrigated, including construction meter irrigation, for a maximum of twenty minutes per day only during the following designated watering windows and designated days:
o Lawns and/or ground cover may be watered, and landscaping may be irrigated for properties with odd-numbered street addresses, parks, and the public rightof-ways, only on Saturdays, Mondays, and Wednesdays between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m.;
o Lawns and/or ground cover may be watered, and landscaping may be irrigated for properties with even-numbered street addresses only on Sundays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m.; and o Watering lawns and/or ground cover and irrigating landscaping is prohibited on Fridays and on any day of the week outside of the designated watering windows set forth in Section 13.26.060(C)(2)(a) and (b) hereof. • All irrigation timers shall be adjusted to comply with the provisions of Section

13.26.060(C)(2) hereof.
• Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 13.26.060(C)(2), the use of recycled water to irrigate fruit trees, lawns and ground covers, and ornamental trees and shrubs is permitted on any day and at any time. Recycled water shall not be permitted to run into city streets or the city storm water conveyance system. • All open hoses shall be equipped with automatic, positive shut-off nozzles. • All swimming pools, spas, ponds, and fountains shall be equipped with recirculating pumps.
• All plumbing leaks, improperly adjusted sprinklers, or other water conduits/fixtures that require repair or adjustment shall be corrected to the satisfaction of the city.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-6
• No person shall use water to wash down sidewalks, driveways, parking areas, tennis courts, patios, or other paved or hard surface areas, except to alleviate immediate fire or sanitation hazards.
• No person shall allow water to leave his or her property by drainage onto adjacent properties or public or private roadways or streets due to excessive irrigation and/or uncorrected leaks.
• The washing of automobiles, trucks, trailers, boats, airplanes, and other types of mobile equipment is permitted at any time with a hand-held bucket or a hand-held hose equipped with an automatic, positive shut-off nozzle for quick rinses. Washing may be done at any time on the immediate premises of a commercial car wash or commercial service station, or by a mobile car wash or on-site car wash using high-pressure washing equipment.
• Use of water from fire hydrants shall be limited to fire fighting, related activities, or other activities necessary to maintain the health, safety, and welfare of the public. • All restaurants are prohibited from serving water to their patrons except when specifically requested by the patrons.
• Construction operations receiving water from a construction meter or water truck shall not use water unnecessarily for any purpose other than those required by regulatory agencies. Construction projects requiring watering for new landscaping materials shall adhere to the designated irrigation requirements set forth in Section 13.26.060(C)(2) hereof.

Water Conservation Stage 3
The objective of the measures undertaken in Water Conservation Stage 3 is to reduce water system consumption within the city by sixteen to twenty percent, as determined and recommended by the Utilities Director.

Except as otherwise provided in this Section 13.26.070, all water conservation and drought response measures of Water Conservation Stages 1 and 2 shall be in full force and effect during Water Conservation Stage 3. Upon declaration of a Water Conservation Stage 3 by the City Council, implementation by the city and publication of notice, the following water conservation and drought response measures shall apply:
• Water customers shall reduce their water consumption by sixteen to twenty percent, as determined and recommended by the Utilities Director, from the base year consumption amount for the duration of Water Conservation Stage 3. Provided, however, the base year consumption amount for any subsequent fiscal year shall be determined by the city as appropriate in the event that the city is required to continue the Water Conservation Stage 3 for more than twelve months.
• Lawns and/or ground cover may be watered and landscaping may be irrigated, including construction meter irrigation, for a maximum of twenty minutes per day only during the following designated watering windows and designated days:
o Lawns and/or ground cover may be watered and landscaping may be irrigated for properties with odd number street addresses, parks, and public right-of-ways, only on Saturdays and Wednesdays between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m.:

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-7
o Lawns and/or ground cover may be watered and landscaping may be irrigated for properties with even number street addresses only on Sundays and Thursdays between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m.; and
o Watering lawns and/or ground cover and irrigating landscaping is prohibited on Mondays, Tuesdays and Fridays and on any day of the week outside of the designated water windows set forth in Section 12.26.070(C)(2)(a) and (b) hereof. • Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 13.26.070(C)(2) hereof, the use of recycled water to irrigate fruit trees, lawns and ground covers, and ornamental trees and shrubs is permitted on any day and at any time. Recycled water shall not be permitted to run into city streets or the city storm water conveyance system. • Irrigation timers shall be adjusted to comply with the provisions of Section

13.26.070(C)(2) hereof.
• The washing of automobiles, trucks, trailers, boats, airplanes and other types of mobile equipment is permitted only during the hours of 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. on Saturdays, Sundays, and Mondays with a hand-held bucket or a hand-held hose equipped with an automatic, positive, shut-off nozzle for quick rinses. Washing is permitted at any time on the immediate premises of a commercial car wash. The use of water by all types of commercial car washes not using partially reclaimed or recycled water shall be reduced in volume by an amount determined by the City Council. Further, such washings are exempt from these regulations where the health, safety, and welfare of the public is contingent upon frequent vehicle cleanings, such as garbage trucks and vehicles used to transport food and perishables.
• The overfilling of swimming pools and spas is prohibited. The filling or refilling of ponds, streams, and artificial lakes is prohibited.
• The operation of any ornamental fountain or similar structure is prohibited except for short periods of time to prevent damage.
• The number of new construction meters shall not exceed the number of currently authorized meters removed from service. A new meter shall be issued only when an old meter is returned. Construction projects requiring water from a construction meter or a water truck shall not use water unnecessarily for any purposes other than those required by regulatory agencies. Construction projects requiring water for new landscapes shall adhere to the designated days and watering windows as set forth in Section

13.26.070(C)(2) hereof. Further, construction projects necessary to maintain the health, safety, and welfare of the public, as determined by the city, are exempt from these regulations.

Water Conservation Stage 4
The objective of the measures undertaken in Water Conservation Stage 4 is to reduce water consumption within the city by twenty-one to forty percent, as determined and recommended by the Utilities Director.

Except as otherwise provided in this Section 13.26.080, all water conservation and drought response measures of Water Conservation Stages 1, 2, and 3 shall be in full force and effect during Water Conservation Stage 4. Upon declaration of a Water Conservation Stage 4 by the City Council, implementation by the city, and publication of notice, the following water conservation and drought response measures shall apply:

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-8
• Water customers shall reduce their water consumption by twenty-one to forty percent from the base year consumption amount for the duration of the Water Conservation Stage

4. Provided, however, the base year consumption amount for the subsequent 12 fiscal years shall be determined by the city as appropriate in the event that the city is required to continue the Water Conservation Stage 4 for more than twelve months. • Irrigation of landscaping shall be limited to supporting minimal survival of trees and shrubs. Landscaping may be irrigated, including construction meter irrigation, for a maximum of twenty minutes per day only during the following designated watering windows and designated day:
o Properties with odd number street addresses, parks, and public right of ways may irrigate landscaping only on Saturdays between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m.;
o Properties with even number street addresses may irrigate landscaping and pastures only on Sundays between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m.; and o Irrigating landscaping is prohibited on Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays and outside the designated watering windows set forth in Section 13.26.080(C)(2)(a) and (b).
• Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 13.26.080(C) hereof, the use of recycled water to irrigate fruit trees, lawns and ground covers, and ornamental trees and shrubs is permitted on any day and at any time. Recycled water shall not be permitted to run into city streets or the city storm water conveyance system. • All outdoor watering and irrigation of lawns and ground covers is prohibited with the exception of plant materials classified and determined by the City Manager to be rare, exceptionally valuable, or essential to the well being of the public at large or rare animals, and for which relief has been otherwise granted pursuant to Section 13.26.150. • The washing of automobiles, trucks, trailers, boats, airplanes and other types of mobile equipment is prohibited. Washing is permitted at any time on the immediate premises of a commercial car wash. Commercial car washes shall only use partially reclaimed or recycled water for washing automobiles, trucks, trailers, boats, airplanes and other types of mobile equipment. Further, such washings are exempt from these regulations where the health, safety and welfare of the public is contingent upon frequent vehicle cleanings, such as garbage trucks and vehicles used to transport food and perishables. • The filling, refilling, or adding of water to swimming pools, spas, ponds, streams, and artificial lakes is prohibited.
• The operation of any ornamental fountain, pond, or similar structure is prohibited except for short periods of time to prevent damage.
• The use of water for cooling mists is prohibited.
• The use of water for commercial, manufacturing, or processing purposes shall be reduced in volume by an amount determined by the City Council and/or as recommended by the Utilities Director.
• No new construction meters will be issued. Construction water shall not be used for earth work, road construction purposes, dust control, compaction, or trenching jetting.

Construction projects necessary to maintaining the health, safety, and welfare of the public, as determined by the city, are exempt from these regulations.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-9
• Provided the City Council has declared a water shortage emergency pursuant to California Water Code sections 350 et seq., except as to property for which a building permit has been heretofore issued, no new building permit(s) shall be provided, except in the following circumstances:
o for projects necessary to protect the public’s health, safety, and welfare, as determined by the city;
o when using recycled water;
o when the recipient of the building permit can demonstrate that no net increase in water use will occur; or
o where the recipient of the building permit provides a conservation offset. A conservation offset may be effected by paying a fee established by the city in an amount necessary to cover the cost of implementing conservation techniques or acquiring alternative water sources. The fee will be based on the conservation offset required for an equivalent dwelling unit. Such fee shall apply to residential as well as commercial and industrial buildings, and may be adjusted from time to time as determined by the city.

Water Conservation Stage 5
The objective of the measures undertaken in Water Conservation Stage 5 is to reduce water consumption by forty percent or more as determined and recommended by the Utilities Director.

Except as otherwise provided in this Section 13.26.090, all water conservation and drought response measures of Water Conservation Stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 shall be in full force and effect during Water Conservation Stage 5. Upon declaration of a Water Conservation Stage 5 by the City Council, implementation by the city and publication of notice, the following water conservation and drought response measures shall apply:
• Water customers shall reduce their water consumption by forty-one percent or more from the base year consumption amount for the duration of Water Conservation Stage 5.

Provided, however, the base year consumption amount for subsequent fiscal years shall be determined by the city as appropriate in the event that the city is required to continue the Water Conservation Stage 5 for more than twelve months. • All outdoor watering and irrigation of lawns and ground cover, and landscaping is prohibited, with the exception of the use of recycled water to irrigate fruit trees, lawns and ground covers, and ornamental trees and shrubs, which is permitted on any day and at any time. Recycled water shall not be permitted to run into city streets or the city storm water conveyance system.
• Provided the City Council has declared a water shortage emergency pursuant to California Water Code sections 350 et seq., the city shall not allow any new connections to the water system during Water Conservation Stage 5.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-10

8.5 Shortage Response Actions
§10632 (a) (4) The analysis of water supply reliability conducted pursuant to Section 10635.

Shortage response actions that align with the defined shortage levels and include, at a minimum, all of the following:
(A) Locally appropriate supply augmentation actions.
(B) Locally appropriate demand reduction actions to adequately respond to shortages.
(C) Locally appropriate operational changes.
(D) Additional, mandatory prohibitions against specific water use practices that are in addition to state-mandated prohibitions and appropriate to the local conditions. (E) For each action, an estimate of the extent to which the gap between supplies and demand will be reduced by implementation of the action.

8.5.1 Supply Augmentation
The City of Corona water system has sufficient supply to meet demands under both single dry-year and multiple dry-year conditions as determined in earlier chapter of the 2025 UWMP.

The City can augment its water supply through groundwater management and recharge, desalinated groundwater supplies, and the expanded use of reclaimed water. In addition, the City maintains emergency interconnections with the City of Riverside and the TVWD.

8.5.2 Demand Reduction
There are several demand reduction measures the City implements as response actions to address the shortage levels. Some of these include public education and outreach campaigns, watering, and other outdoor use restrictions. The City also offers rebate programs through its wholesale providers, including incentives for plumbing fixtures, turf replacement, and landscape irrigation efficiency, which support the City’s ability to achieve targeted demand reductions.

8.5.3 Operational Changes
The City of Corona monitors their operations and identifies changes that may be implemented to address water shortages on a short-term basis. Some operational changes include:
• Improved monitoring, analysis, and tracking of customer water usage rates • Alterations in maintenance cycles and plans to expedite infrastructure repairs and improve system efficiency.

8.5.4 Additional Mandatory Restrictions
These water conservation requirements are to remain permanently active during all water conservation efforts. These efforts are done in order to prevent the waste and unreasonable use of water and to promote water conservation.
• No watering between 10 a.m. and 8 p.m.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-11
• Odd numbered addresses can water on Saturday, Monday and Wednesday only. • Even numbered addresses can water on Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday only. • Watering on Fridays is prohibited. Since government institutions are not open on weekends, they may water three days per week of the agency’s choosing. • Sprinkler times are limited to 20 minutes maximum per station per watering day. You can have multiple cycles a day, which can also help reduce runoff. • Drip irrigation times are limited to 90 minutes maximum per watering day. • Watering during and within 48 hours after rainfall measuring ½” or more is prohibited. • Street trees must be kept alive.
• Leaks and broken sprinklers must be fixed in a timely manner. • Water cannot be allowed to runoff property.
• Washing hard surfaces is prohibited.
• Vehicles can only be washed using a bucket and hose with an automatic shut-off nozzle. • Food establishments are prohibited from providing drinking water to patrons unless requested.
• The overfilling of swimming pools and spas is prohibited. The filling or refilling of ornamental ponds, streams and artificial lakes is prohibited. • The operation of any ornamental fountain or similar structure is prohibited except for short periods of time to prevent damage, unless the fountain is recirculating.

8.5.5 Emergency Response Plan
The City of Corona has an emergency response plan (ERP) that details the responses to various emergency situations with human-caused and natural disasters that could potentially impact service area facilities and customers. The latest ERP was completed in January, 2026.

The ERP states the process for the restoration of various incidents pertaining to potential water shortage conditions. Additionally, details of response efforts and recovery are also written within the ERP. Specific to water, the ERP describes how to obtain emergency and backup water sources (through WARN Statewide Mutual Aid) such that the City will have uninterrupted water sources.

8.5.6 Seismic Risk Assessment and Mitigation Plan
§10632.5 (a) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 10632, beginning January 1, 2020, the plan shall include a seismic risk assessment and mitigation plan to assess the vulnerability of each of the various facilities of a water system and mitigate those vulnerabilities. (b) An urban water supplier shall update the seismic risk assessment and mitigation plan when updating its urban water management plan as required by Section 10621.
(c) An urban water supplier may comply with this section by submitting, pursuant to Section 10644, a copy of the most recent adopted local hazard mitigation plan or multi-hazard mitigation plan under the federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-12
(Public Law 106-390) if the local hazard mitigation plan or multi-hazard mitigation plan addresses seismic risk.

The City of Corona has a recently approved Local Hazard Plan, which may be submitted instead of the Seismic Risk Assessment and Mitigation Plan. The City’s Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP) is provided as Appendix P.

Regarding earthquake risk, the LHMP states the following:

The City of Corona is considered to be seismically active, as is most of Southern California.

Several known active or potentially active faults are located in and around Corona. The Elsinore Fault zone is the closest major fault system to the City and one of the largest in Southern California. Historically, the Elsinore Fault zone has also been one of the least active systems. At its northern end, near the City, the Elsinore Fault zone splays into two segments, the Chino-Central Avenue Fault and the Whittier Fault. Along the southwestern portion of the City the Elsinore Fault zone is referred to as the Glen Ivy Fault… Ground surface rupture due to active faulting is considered possible in the western portion of the City where known active or potentially active faults are mapped. Geological evidence indicates that the Glen Ivy and portions of the Whittier Faults are active and that the Chino-central Avenue Fault is potentially active. Historically, the Corona region has generally been spared a major destructive earthquake. However, based on a search of earthquake databases of the USGS National Earthquake Information Center, several major earthquakes (magnitude 6.0 or more) have been recorded within approximately 100 kilometers of the City since 1769. The City’s General Plan Public Health and Safety Element have identified various implementation programs with respect to fault rupture and other geologic disturbances. These programs specify various requirements including: detailed geologic investigations are to be conducted in conformance with guidelines of the California Division of Mines and Geology (CDMG), for all construction of transportation infrastructure in an Alquist-Priolo Special Study Zone; construction of essential facilities within 200 feet of an active fault or potentially active fault; and field information is to be developed as part of any CEQA investigations, and geologic reports by the City and/or County geologists should be kept current and accessible for use in report preparation, geologic reviews, and policy development. Additionally, the City’s General Plan Public Health and Safety Element have identified various implementation programs to be carried out by the City and county affecting seismic safety of critical facilities. These programs include: detailed site studies for fault future potential are to be conducted as background to the design process for critical facilities under City and county discretionary approval; existing critical facilities are to be reviewed for any significant siting, design, or construction problems that would make them vulnerable in an earthquake. The findings shall be incorporated into emergency operation plans as well as addressed in longer-term programs of facilities upgrading or relocation unless satisfactorily demonstrated that a building setback from an active or potentially active fault will not adversely impact public health, safety, and welfare. New Essential Facilities shall not be located within 200 feet of an active fault or potentially active fault. (See Riverside County OA MJHMP Section 4.0)”
Several earthquake mitigation projects relating to water supply have been completed since 2012, including evaluation/modification of all above-ground steel storage reservoirs for proper venting in the event of an earthquake and installation of emergency generators for three groundwater wells.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-13

8.5.7 Shortage Response Action Effectiveness
Response effectiveness was estimated during the development of Ordinance 2962, as shown in Table 8-3.

Table 8-3 - Estimate of Shortage Action Effectiveness
Stage Deficit (AFY) Response Reduction (AFY)
1 0 There is no deficit under Stage 1. 0
2 1,373 The City estimates a demand reduction between
10 and 15 percent. 3,835 to 5,753
3 5,996 The City estimates a demand reduction between
10 and 15 percent. 3,835 to 5,753
4 10,618 The City estimates a demand reduction between
16 and 20 percent. 5,753 to 7,670
5 15,240 The City estimates a demand reduction between
21 and 40 percent. 7,670 to 15,340
6 More than 15,240 The City estimates a demand reduction between 21 and 40 percent. 7,670 to 15,340

8.6 Communication Protocols
§10632 (a)(5) Communication protocols and procedures to inform customers, the public, interested parties, and local, regional, and state governments, regarding, at a minimum, all of the following:

A. Any current or predicted shortages as determined by the annual water supply and demand assessment described pursuant to Section 10632.1.

B. Any shortage response actions triggered or anticipated to be triggered by the annual water supply and demand assessment described pursuant to Section 10632.1.

C. Any other relevant communications
Timely and effective communication is a key element of water shortage contingency planning implementation. In the event of a current or predicted water shortage, the City will communicate with its water customers through the City websites and billing inserts.

8.7 Compliance and Enforcement
§10632 (a)(6) For an urban retail water supplier, customer compliance, enforcement, appeal, and exemption procedures for triggered shortage response actions as determined pursuant to Section 10632.2.

8.7.1 Violations and Remedies
It shall be unlawful for any person to willfully violate the provisions of this chapter 13.26. A violation of any of these provisions shall be a misdemeanor subject to imprisonment in the county jail for not more than thirty days or by fine not to exceed $1,000, or by both, as provided in California Water Code section 377.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-14
In addition to any remedies or enforcement measures provided by State law or in this chapter

13.26, any violation of this chapter 13.26 is subject to the provisions of chapters 1.08 and 1.09 of the Corona Municipal code.

In addition to any other remedies provided in this Code or available under applicable law, the city can alternatively seek injunctive relief in the Superior Court or take enforcement action, including discontinuing or appropriately limiting water service to any customer, for violations of this chapter 13.26.

8.7.2 Notices And Additional Enforcement Measures
In addition to or in conjunction with the notice of violation provided pursuant to the provisions of chapter 1.08, for a first violation of any provision of this chapter 13.26, within two weeks of the violation:
• The city may send an enforcement officer or provide written notice to the property owner, customer, occupant, or responsible person of the property where the violation occurred to advise such person of:
• the water conservation stage, then in effect, and the provisions of this chapter 13.26 relating thereto;
o water conservation and drought response measures that are required and may be implemented pursuant to this chapter 13.26;
o possible consequences and actions which may be taken by the city for future violations of this chapter 13.26, including discontinuance of water service; o penalties that may be imposed for the specific violation and any future violations of this chapter 13.26; and
• If the Utilities Director or his or her designee deems it to be appropriate, the city may order the installation of a flow-restricting device on the service line for any person who violates any term or provision of this chapter 13.26.

In addition to or in conjunction with the notice of violation provided pursuant to the provisions of chapter 1.08, for a second or any subsequent violation of this chapter 13.26, within two weeks of the violation:
• The city may send an enforcement officer or provide written notice to the property where the violation occurred to notify the property owner, customer, occupant of the property, or responsible person where the violation occurred to advise such person of:
o The water conservation stage then in effect and the provisions of this chapter

13.26 relating thereto;
o the water conservation and drought response measures that are required and may be implemented by such person; and
o possible consequences, which may occur in the event of any future violations of this chapter 13.26;
• If the Utilities Director or his or her designee deems it to be appropriate, the city may order the installation of a flow-restricting device on the service line for any person who violates any term or provision of this chapter 13.26; and

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-15
• If the Utilities Director or his or her designee deems it to be appropriate, the city may discontinue water service at the location where the violation occurred The city may, after one written notice of violation, order that a special meter reading or readings be made in order to ascertain whether wasteful or unreasonable use of water is occurring. All money collected under this Section 13.26.140 shall be deposited in a special account of the city and shall be made available for the enforcement of this chapter 13.26. The city may, at its option, elect to petition the Superior Court to confirm any order establishing administrative penalties and enter judgment in conformity therewith in accordance with the provisions of Sections 1285 to 1287.6, inclusive, of the California Code of Civil Procedure.

8.7.3 Civil Actions
In addition to any other remedies provided in the Code, any violation of this chapter 13.26 may be enforced by civil action brought by the city. In any such action, the city may seek, and the court may grant, as appropriate, any or all of the following remedies:
• a temporary and/or permanent injunction;
• assessment of the violator for the costs of any investigation, which led to the establishment of the violation, and for the reasonable costs of preparing and bringing legal action under this Section 13.26.130;
• any other costs incurred in enforcing the provisions of this chapter 13.26; and • any other action the city deems appropriate to protect the general welfare and the City’s water supplies, and to reduce water consumption in accordance with this chapter 13.26 and the declared policies and laws of the State.
• Assessments under this subsection shall be paid to the city to be used exclusively for costs associated with implementing or enforcing the water conservation and regulatory provisions of this chapter 13.26.

8.7.4 Recovery of Costs
The Utilities Director or his or her designee shall serve an invoice for costs upon the person or responsible person who is subject to a notice of violation, a cease and desist order, or an administrative compliance order. An invoice for costs shall be immediately due and payable to the City. If any person or responsible person fails to either pay the invoice for costs or appeal the invoice for costs successfully in accordance with this chapter 13.26, then the City may institute collection proceedings. The invoice for costs may include reasonable attorneys’ fees.

The city shall impose any other penalties or regulatory fees, as fixed from time to time by resolution of the City Council, for a violation or enforcement of this chapter 13.26.

In addition to the costs which may be recovered pursuant to Section 1.08.022 of the Code, and in order to recover the costs of the water conservation regulatory program set forth in this chapter

13.26, the City Council may, from time to time, fix and impose by resolution fees and charges. The fees and charges may include, but are not limited to, fees and charges for:
• any visits of a water conservation specialist, enforcement officer, or other city staff for time incurred for meter reading, follow-up visits, or the installation or removal of a flowrestricting device;

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-16
• monitoring, inspection, and surveillance procedures pertaining to enforcement of this chapter 13.26;
• enforcing compliance with any term or provision of this chapter 13.26; • reinitiating service at a property where service has been discontinued pursuant to this chapter 13.26;
• processing any fees necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter 13.26; and • any other necessary and appropriate fees and charges to recover the cost of providing the city’s water conservation regulatory program.

8.7.5 Relief from Compliance
Consideration of written applications for relief from compliance (“relief”) regarding the regulations and restrictions on water use set forth in this chapter 13.26 may be made by the city.

Written applications for relief shall be accepted and may be granted or denied by the approving authority at his or her sole discretion. The application shall be in a form prescribed by the city and shall be accompanied by a non-refundable processing fee in an amount as determined by resolution of the City Council for the purpose of defraying the costs incidental to the review proceedings related thereto.

The grounds for granting or conditionally granting an application for relief are:
• a customer has reduced water usage to the minimum feasible level but cannot reduce usage by the amount required by then-current mandatory water conservation stage declared pursuant to this chapter due to the number of people in the household or medical necessity, where “reduced water usage to the minimum feasible level” shall mean that the customer has installed xeriscaping or other low-water landscaping (or has ceased watering other types of landscaping), high efficiency water-using appliances, water-efficient toilets, water-saving faucet devices, and low-flow shower heads, and is complying in all other respects with the requirements of this chapter; or • due to unique circumstances other than those described in the subsection • above, a specific requirement of this chapter 13.26 would result in undue hardship to a person using city water or to property upon which city water is used, that is disproportionate to the impacts to other city water users generally or to similar property or classes of water users; or
• failure to grant a relief would adversely affect the health, sanitation, fire protection, or safety of the applicant or the public.

The application for relief shall be accompanied, as appropriate, with photographs, maps, drawings, and other information substantiating the applicant’s request, including a statement of the applicant. Provided, however, the city may request such other additional information as it deems appropriate in order to process and/or review the application for relief.

An application for a relief shall be denied unless the approving authority finds, based on the information provided in the application, supporting documentation, or such other additional information as may be requested, and on water use information for the property as shown by the records of the city, all of the following:

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-17
• That the relief does not constitute a grant of special privilege inconsistent with the limitations upon other city customers.
• That because of special circumstances applicable to the property or its use, comprising any of the circumstances set forth in subsection (B) of this section, the strict application of this chapter 13.26 would have a disproportionate impact on (a) the property or use that exceeds customers generally, or (b) the applicant’s health that exceeds customers generally.
• That the authorization of such relief will not be of substantial detriment to adjacent properties, and will not materially affect the ability of the city to effectuate the purposes of this chapter 13.26 and will not be detrimental to the public interest. • That the condition or situation of (a) the subject property or the intended use of the property for which the relief is sought is not common, recurrent, or general in nature, or (b) the applicant’s health or safety is not common, recurrent, or general in nature.

The denial or grant of a relief shall be acted upon within fifteen (15) business days of the submittal of the complete application, including any photographs, maps, drawings, and other information substantiating the applicant’s request and the statement of the applicant. The application may be approved, conditionally approved, or denied, subject to subsection (G) of this section. The decision of the approving authority shall be prepared in writing, include terms and conditions, if any, set forth findings in support of the decision, and be promptly sent to the applicant.

The denial of a request for a relief may be appealed in writing to the City Manager. An appeal shall be made in accordance with the following procedures:
• The appellant shall complete and submit in writing a form provided by the city for such purpose and shall state in such form the grounds for his or her appeal. The form shall be accompanied by a non-refundable processing fee in an amount as determined by resolution of the City Council for the purpose of defraying the costs incidental to the proceedings. All appeals shall be submitted to the City Clerk within thirty (30) calendar days of the date of the notice of the denial of the request for a relief. • The City Manager, or his or her designee, shall review the appeal and any related information provided, and, if necessary, cause an investigation and report to be made concerning the request for a relief. The City Manager, or his or her designee, shall have fifteen (15) calendar days from the submission of the appeal to render a decision on whether to grant or deny the appeal and mail notice thereof to the appellant. The decision shall be prepared in writing, include terms and conditions, if any, and set forth findings in support of the decision.
• The decision of the City Manager, or his or her designee, may be appealed by the appellant to the City Council. Such appeal must be submitted in writing on the appropriate city form and filed with the City Clerk within fifteen (15) calendar days of the date of decision of the City Manager, or his or her designee. The form shall be accompanied by a nonrefundable processing fee in an amount as determined by resolution of the City Council for the purpose of defraying the costs incidental to the proceedings. The City Council shall conduct a hearing on such appeal at its next regularly scheduled City Council meeting; provided, however, the City Council shall have received the notice of appeal at least fifteen (15) calendar days prior to such meeting. If the appeal is not submitted within at least fifteen (15) calendar days prior to a regularly scheduled City Council meeting, then the

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-18
hearing shall be held at the following regularly scheduled City Council meeting. A notice of the hearing shall be mailed to the appellant at least ten (10) calendar days before the date fixed for the hearing. The City Council shall review the appeal de novo. The determination of the City Council shall be conclusive. Notice of the determination by the City Council shall be mailed to the appellant within ten (10) calendar days of such determination, indicate whether the appeal has been granted in whole or in part, set forth the terms and conditions of the relief, if any, granted to the appellant, and set forth findings in support of the decision. If the appeal is denied in its entirety, the appellant shall comply with all terms and conditions of this chapter 13.26 and the applicable water conservation stage then in effect.
• Until the conclusion of the appeal process, all provisions and decisions under appeal shall remain in full force and effect until the conclusion of the appeal process.

Any grant of a request for relief shall be conditioned upon the continued existence of the facts and circumstances which formed the grounds for granting relief, as provided in this section. The approving authority may revoke any grant of relief if such facts and circumstances are determined no longer to exist.

8.8 Legal Authorities
§10632 (a)(7) (A) A description of the legal authorities that empower the urban water supplier to implement and enforce its shortage response actions specified in paragraph (4) that may include, but are not limited to, statutory authorities, ordinances, resolutions, and contract provisions.
(B) A statement that an urban water supplier shall declare a water shortage emergency in accordance with Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 350) of Division

1. [see below]
(C) A statement that an urban water supplier shall coordinate with any city or county within which it provides water supply services for the possible proclamation of a local emergency, as defined in Section 8558 of the Government Code.

Water Code Section Division 1, Section 350
Declaration of water shortage emergency condition. The governing body of a distributor of a public water supply, whether publicly or privately owned and including a mutual water company, shall declare a water shortage emergency condition to prevail within the area served by such distributor whenever it finds and determines that the ordinary demands and requirements of water consumers cannot be satisfied without depleting the water supply of the distributor to the extent that there would be insufficient water for human consumption, sanitation, and fire protection.

8.8.1 Legal Authorities
Per Ordinance 2962:

WHEREAS, California Constitution article X, section 2 and California Water Code section 100 provide that because of conditions prevailing in the state of California (the “State”), it is the declared policy of the State that the general welfare requires that the water resources of the State

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-19
shall be put to beneficial use to the fullest extent of which they are capable, the waste or unreasonable use of water shall be prevented, and the conservation of such waters is to be exercised with a view to the reasonable and beneficial use thereof in the interest of the people and the public welfare; and
WHEREAS, pursuant to California Water Code section 106, it is the declared policy of the State that the use of water for domestic use is the highest use of water and that the next highest use is for irrigation; and
WHEREAS, pursuant to California Water Code section 375, the City of Corona (the “City”) is authorized to adopt and enforce a water conservation program to reduce the quantity of water used by persons within its jurisdiction for the purpose of conserving the water supplies of the City; and
WHEREAS, on June 4, 2008, the Governor of the State proclaimed a condition of statewide drought and strongly encouraged local agencies to take aggressive, immediate action to reduce water consumption locally and regionally for the remainder of 2008 and prepare for potentially worsening conditions in 2009; and
WHEREAS, because of the prevailing conditions in the State, the current statewide drought, and the declared policy of the State, the City hereby finds and determines that it is necessary and appropriate for the City to adopt, implement, and enforce a water conservation program to reduce the quantity of water used by consumers within the City to ensure that there is sufficient water for human consumption, sanitation, and fire protection; and WHEREAS, pursuant to California Water Code section 350 the City Council is authorized to declare a water shortage emergency to prevail within its jurisdiction when it finds and determines that the City will not be able to or cannot satisfy the ordinary demands and requirements of water consumers without depleting the water supply of the City to the extent that there would be insufficient water for human consumption, sanitation, and fire protection, and as more fully set forth in this chapter; and
WHEREAS, in the event the City determines that it is necessary to declare that a water shortage emergency exists, the City will be authorized pursuant to this chapter to implement certain drought response measures and a water conservation and regulatory program to regulate water consumption activities within the City and ensure that the water delivered in the City is put to beneficial use for the greatest public benefit, with particular regard to domestic use, including human consumption, sanitation, and fire protection, and that the waste or unreasonable use of water is prevented; and
WHEREAS, the City is authorized to prescribe and define by ordinance restrictions, prohibitions, and exclusions for the use of water during a threatened or existing water shortage and adopt and enforce a water conservation and regulatory program to: (i) prohibit the wastage of City water or the use of City water during such period; (ii) prohibit use of water during such periods for specific uses which the City may from time to time find nonessential; and (iii) reduce and restrict the quantity of water used by those persons within the City for the purpose of conserving the water supplies of the City; and
WHEREAS, the City hereby finds and determines that pursuant to the provisions of title 13, chapter 13.26 of the City of Corona Municipal Code, as hereby amended, the City shall: (i) implement water conservation and drought response measures; (i) regulate the water

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-20
consumption activities of persons within the City for the purposes of conserving and protecting the City’s water supplies, reducing the quantity of water consumed, and deterring and preventing the waste or unreasonable use or unreasonable method of use of valuable water resources; and (ii) establish and collect regulatory fees and impose fines and penalties as set forth herein to accomplish these purposes and recover the costs of the City’s water conservation and regulatory program; and
WHEREAS, the City Council hereby finds and determines that it is desirable to codify the rules and regulations governing its actions, and the actions of persons using and consuming water within the City, particularly during declared water shortages and water shortage emergencies, to protect the general welfare and the City’s water supplies, and to reduce water consumption in accordance with the declared policies and laws of the State.

8.8.2 Declaration of Water Shortage
In accordance with Water Code Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 350) of Division 1 general provisions regarding water shortage emergencies, the City of Corona shall declare a water shortage emergency in the event of a catastrophic interruption in supply.

8.8.3 Proclamation of Local Emergency
The City of Corona shall coordinate with any cities or counties within which the City provides water supply services for the possible proclamation of a local emergency, as defined in Section 8558 of the Government Code.

8.9 Financial Consequences of WSCP
§10632 (a)(8). A description of the financial consequences of, and responses for, drought conditions, including, but not limited to, all of the following:
(A) A description of potential revenue reductions and expense increases associated with activated shortage response actions described in paragraph (4). (B) A description of mitigation actions needed to address revenue reductions and expense increases associated with activated shortage response actions described in paragraph (4).
(C) A description of the cost of compliance with Chapter 3.3 (commencing with Section 365) of Division 1.

The City has the authority to set its own rates in response to a water shortage. No financial consequences are anticipated.

8.10 Monitoring and Reporting
§10632 (a)(9) For an urban retail water supplier, monitoring and reporting requirements and procedures that ensure appropriate data is collected, tracked, and analyzed for purposes of monitoring customer compliance and to meet state reporting requirements.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-21
The City monitors production and consumption on a monthly basis. The City is also in the process of implementing Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) to help with the accuracy of monitoring water consumption.

8.11 WSCP Refinement Procedures
§10632 (a)(10) Reevaluation and improvement procedures for systematically monitoring and evaluating the functionality of the water shortage contingency plan in order to ensure shortage risk tolerance is adequate and appropriate water shortage mitigation strategies are implemented as needed.

The City reevaluates its WSCP procedures every five years when the UWMP is updated.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-22

8.12 Special Water Feature Distinction
§10632 (b) For purposes of developing the water shortage contingency plan pursuant to subdivision (a), an urban water supplier shall analyze and define water features that are artificially supplied with water, including ponds, lakes, waterfalls, and fountains, separately from swimming pools and spas, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 115921 of the Health and Safety Code.

8.12.1 Dos Lagos
Figure 8-1is an aerial photograph of the water at the Dos Lagos commercial center.

Figure 8-1- Water Features at Dos Lagos
Water features at the Dos Lagos commercial center are supplied by reclaimed water. No additional action is required under a water shortage

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-23

8.12.2 Border Lake
Figure 8-2 is an aerial photograph of Border Lake.

Figure 8-2- Water Features at Border Lake
Border Lake is supplied by a private well and is not under the jurisdiction of the City. No additional action is required under a water shortage.

Chapter 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
8-24

8.12.3 Eagle Glen Golf Course
Figure 8-3 is an aerial photograph of the water features at the Eagle Glen Gold Course Figure 8-3- Water Features at Eagle Glen Golf Course
Water features at the Eagle Glen Golf Course are supplied by reclaimed water. No additional action is required under a water shortage.

8.13 Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Availability
§10632 (c) The urban water supplier shall make available the water shortage contingency plan prepared pursuant to this article to its customers and any city or county within which it provides water supplies no later than 30 days after adoption of the water shortage contingency plan.

City of Corona will make the WSCP available to all its customers within 30 days of adoption

Chapter 9 – Demand Management Measures
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
9-1
Demand Management Measures
Demand Management is integral to sustainably managing water resources in California. The increase in water demand, coupled with reduced supplies or shifts in supply due to climate change and other factors, can compromise water reliability if no mitigation measures are implemented. The City of Corona remains committed to implementing water conservation programs and collaborates with WMWD to offer these programs to its residents. This chapter provides information on the various measures the City of Corona takes, as well as the benefits that water conservation has had on its water system.

9.1 Demand Management Measures for Retail Suppliers
§10631 (e) Provide a description of the supplier’s water demand management measures. This description shall include all of the following:
(1)(A) For an urban retail water supplier, as defined in Section 10608.12, a narrative description that addresses the nature and extent of each water demand management measure implemented over the past five years. The narrative shall describe the water demand management measure that the supplier plans to implement to achieve its water use targets pursuant to Section 10608.20. (B)The narrative pursuant to this paragraph shall include descriptions of the following water demand management measures:
(i)Water waste prevention ordinances.
(ii)Metering.
(iii)Conservation pricing.
(iv)Public education and outreach.
(v)Programs to assess and manage distribution system real loss. (vi)Water conservation program coordination and staffing support. (vii)Other demand management measures that have a significant impact on water use as measured in gallons per capita per day, including innovative measures, if implemented.

9.1.1 Implementation over the Past Five Years
§10631 (e) Provide a description of the supplier’s water demand management measures. This description shall include all of the following:
(1)(A) …a narrative description that addresses the nature and extent of each water demand management measure implemented over the past five years.

The City of Corona maintains records of each of the programs described below, describing each program. This information has been summarized in the section labeled “Other Demand Management Measures. within Section 9.1.4.

Chapter 9 – Demand Management Measures
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
9-2

9.1.2 Implementation to Achieve Water Use Targets
§10631 (e)(1)(A) For an urban retail water supplier, as defined in Section 10608.12, a narrative description that addresses the nature and extent of each water demand management measure implemented over the past five years. The narrative shall describe the water demand management measure that the supplier plans to implement to achieve its water use targets pursuant to Section 10608.20.

The City will continue to implement water conservation programs and work collaboratively with the WMWD to provide water conservation programs and assess any new programs to ensure they are beneficial to its residents. The implementation of the DMMs as discussed in this chapter further explains how the City were able to achieve the targeted reduction for 2020.

9.1.3 Required Demand Management Measures
Water Waste Prevention Ordinances
The City follows Ordinance 2962, which is primarily addresses water conservation during shortages and regulating industrial wastewater discharge.

Per Ordinance 2962:

Subject to available funds, the City Manager, or his or her designee, is authorized to develop, promote, and administer water conservation programs to encourage and assist persons in conserving water. The water conservation programs may include, but are not limited to, the following:
• installing, or providing rebate programs for the installation of, water saving devices and irrigation systems in the landscaped areas of residential, commercial, industrial, and public property and public rights-of-way.
• replacing landscaping and turf with drought-tolerant plant material and water-efficient landscaping.
• developing educational programsto promote water conservation; and • converting, where financially and technically feasible, potable water distribution systemsto recycledwater distribution systems for landscaped areas of residential, commercial, industrial, and public property and public rights-of-way.

The City Manager shall prepare and implement policies and procedures governing any water conservation program established pursuant to this Section 13.26.160.

The City Manager is authorized to enter into agreements relating to such water conservation programs, provided such agreements are approved as to form by the City Attorney.

The expenditure of funds for any water conservation program shall be subject to the provisions of Chapter 3.08, as applicable, and any other provisions of the Municipal Code restricting the expenditure of city funds.

The City has also adopted and implemented Chapter 13.26 Water Conservation for water waste prevention. The purpose of Chapter 13.26 Water Conservation is the following:

Chapter 9 – Demand Management Measures
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
9-3
• to protect the health, safety, and welfare of citizens of the City, • assure the maximum beneficial use of City water supplies, and • Attempt to provide sufficient water supplies to meet the basic needs of human consumption, sanitation, and fire protection.

Metering
§562 (a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, an urban water supplier that, on or after January 1, 2004, receives water from the federal Central Valley Project under a water service contract or subcontract... shall do both of the following:
(1) On or before January 1, 2013, install water meters on all service connections to residential and nonagricultural commercial buildings... located within its service area.
§527 (a)An urban water supplier that is not subject to Section 526 shall do both the following:
(1) Install water meters on all municipal and industrial service connections located within its service area on or before January 1, 2025.

The City of Corona is fully metered for all customer sectors, including separate meters for singlefamily residential, multi-family, commercial, industrial, institutional, governmental, and landscape. In addition, if there is a new development within the City’s service area, each facility within the development is individually metered.

The City is currently in the implementation of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). AMI enables the City to track water use, waste, and leaks more closely on a timely basis, ultimately increasing the accuracy of their tracking. AMI meters can provide for the remote collection of water use data in real-time.

Conservation Pricing
The City instituted conservation pricing in 2010. The Utilities Department has a tiered rate and water budget program, which is effective at promoting efficient water use and resource conservation. The following are the basis for tiers under residential rates:
• Tier 1: Efficient indoor water use,
• Tier 2: Efficient outdoor water use,
• Tier 3: 1% to 50% over Water Budget, and
• Tier 4: More than 51% over Water Budget.

Public Education and Outreach
Water Facility Tours
The City of Corona Utilities Department offers free water facility tours for residents, businesses and students.

Chapter 9 – Demand Management Measures
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
9-4
Landscaping Classes
The City of Corona Utilities Department offers free landscaping classes to residents.

Water Use Efficiency Grant for Educators
The City of Corona Utilities Department offers a Water Use Efficiency Grant, up to $5,000 per project for each school year, for projects that relate to water including, but not limited to, water use efficiency, water quality, water distribution, and water reclamation. There is limited funding set aside for this program so educators are encouraged to apply as soon as possible.

Free Water Education Programs
The City of Corona Utilities Department has partnered with the Riverside - Corona Resource Conservation District (RCRCD) to offer free classroom presentations and materials about water.

On behalf of the City, a Resource Educator from RCRCD will visit a school to conduct a hands-on classroom program that demonstrates water concepts and helps students learn about using water with care.

The presentation answers the following questions:
• What is the water cycle?
• What is a watershed, a waterway, and an underground water basin? • Where does Corona get its water?
• What are storm water pollutants?
Students will learn simple ways to:
• conserve water in and around a home, and
• reduce the amount of pollutants that enter our storm drain system and waterways, including washes, creeks, arroyos and ultimately the Santa Ana River.

Educating students about these concepts helps to ensure that future generations will understand the importance of water as a vital resource and form lifelong habits that ensure its responsible use and care.

Annual "Water is Life" Poster Contest
The City of Corona Utilities Department sponsors an annual “Water is Life” Poster Contest. The contest is open to all students in the UD service area. The purpose of the poster contest is to spread the message that water is a precious resource.

Programs to Assess and Manage Distribution System Real Loss The City conducts annual water audits to evaluate water loss and implements a leak detection program as an ongoing operation within its water service area.

Water Conservation Program Coordination and Staffing Support The water conservation program is managed through the City’s Utilities Department, which coordinates water-efficiency programs, conservation requirements, and public outreach efforts for customers within the City’s water service area.

Chapter 9 – Demand Management Measures
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
9-5

9.1.4 Other Demand Management Measures.

WRCOG Financing Programs
The Western Riverside Council of Governments (WRCOG), in partnership with SAMAS Capital, has developed a financing program that allows businesses in Western Riverside County to implement energy and water efficiency improvements using low-interest loans that will be repaid over time through annual property tax payments.

Discounts
The City of Corona Utilities Department has teamed up with local businesses to provide waterefficient sprinkler nozzles and smart irrigation controllers at discounted rates of between 10% to 50% off.

Residential and Commercial Turf Replacement
The City of Corona Utilities Department turf replacement program has migrated to www.SoCalWaterSmart.com. Applications will be accepted until funds are exhausted.

Pool Cover Rebate
The City of Corona Utilities Department has partnered with Western Municipal Water District to offer up to a $50 rebate on pool covers.

Recirculating Pump Rebate
The City of Corona Utilities Department is offering a $50 rebate on newly installed recirculating hot water systems.

Commercial Water-Efficient Device Rebates
Rebate reservations for commercial customers are available online on the SoCal Water Smart website. Funding for this program is limited, and commercial customers are encouraged to obtain a reservation as soon as possible. For program terms and conditions, as well as a list of eligible devices, commercial customers should visit the SoCal Water Smart website.

Plumbing Devices
• Premium High Efficiency Toilets (Tank Style - 1.1 gpf or less) • Multi-Family High Efficiency Toilets (5 Unit Dwelling or more - 1.1 gpf or less) • Commercial High Efficiency Toilets (Flushometer Style - 1.1 gpf or less) • Plumbing Flow Control Valves
• Ultra Low and Zero Water Urinals (ULWU)
Food Equipment
• Air-Cooled Ice-Making Machine
• Connectionless Food Steamer
• Medical and Dental Equipment
• Dry Vacuum Pump
• Laminar Flow Restrictors
HVAC Equipment
• Cooling Tower Conductivity Controller (CTCC)

Chapter 9 – Demand Management Measures
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
9-6
• Cooling Tower pHController (pH-CTC)
Landscaping Equipment
• Soil Moisture Sensor Systems
• Weather-Based Irrigation Controllers (WBIC)
• Irrigation Controllers (CCIC)
• Rotating Nozzles for Pop-Up Spray Head Retrofits
• Large Rotary Nozzles
• In-stem Flow Regulators
• Irrigation Master Valves
• Irrigation Flow Sensors
Residential Water-Efficient Device Rebates
Residential customers are eligible for water-efficient device rebates via the SoCal Water Smart website. Funding for this program is limited. For program terms and conditions, as well as a list of eligible devices, residential customers should visit the SoCal Water Smart website.

Eligible Devices
• High-Efficiency Clothes Washer (HECW)
• Premium High-Efficiency Toilets (PHET)
• Weather-Based Irrigation Controller (WBIC)
• Weather-Based Irrigation Controller Large Landscape (WBICLL) • Soil Moisture Sensor
• Rotating Nozzles
• Rain Barrels
• Cisterns

Chapter 10 – Plan, Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
10-1
Plan, Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation
The procedures for adopting and implementing the UWMP and WSCP are critical and should be transparent to customers and any stakeholders. Water agencies are encouraged to host public hearings and any additional meetings necessary before implementing the 2025 UWMP.

10.1 Plan Completion Timeline
The City of Corona is reporting on a calendar year basis. This report included data through the end of December 31, 2025.

10.2 Notice of Plan Preparation
§ 10621 (b) Every urban water supplier required to prepare a plan shall…at least 60 days prior to the public hearing on the plan…notify any city or county within which the supplier provides waters supplies that the urban water supplier will be reviewing the plan and considering amendments or changes to the plan.

10.3 Notice of Public Hearing
All water agencies, including the City of Corona, must hold a public hearing before adopting the 2025 UWMP as stated in the Water Code.

10.3.1 Notice to Cities and Counties
§ 10642 . . . Prior to adopting either [the plan or water shortage contingency plan], the urban water supplier shall make both the plan and the water shortage contingency plan available for public inspection and shall hold a public hearing or hearings thereon. Prior to any of these hearings, notice of the time and place of the hearing shall be published within the jurisdiction of the publicly owned water supplier pursuant to
Government Code Section 6066 Publication of notice pursuant to this section shall be once a week for two successive weeks. Two publications in a newspaper published once a week or oftener, with at least five days intervening between the respective publication dates, not counting such publication dates, are sufficient. The period of notice commences upon the first day of publication and terminates at the end of the fourteenth day, including therein the first day.

10.3.2 60 Day Notification
The Water Code states that cities and counties must be notified that the Supplier will be reviewing the UWMP and considering amendments to the Plan. This notice must be sent at least 60 days before the public hearing to provide an opportunity for the cities and counties involved to participate in the UWMP process.

The 60-day notification letters were sent on March 12, 2026, informing involved agencies of the preparation of the City of Corona’s 2025 UWMP. The letters are included in Appendix T.

Chapter 10 – Plan, Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
10-2

10.3.3 Notice of Public Hearing
The City sent out a notice of public hearing to the cities and agencies listed in Error! Reference source not found. as well as their customers. The City of Corona encouraged the involvement of its customers as part of the UWMP process.

The public hearing notification letters were issued on May 6, 2026. In addition, a public notice was published via newspaper on May 13, 2026, and May 15, 2026. The letters are included in Appendix U.

Table 10-1 - Coordination with Appropriate Agencies
Coordinating Agencies 60 Day Notice
Notice of Public
Hearing
City
City of Eastvale Yes Yes
City of Jurupa Valley Yes Yes
City of Lake Elsinore Yes Yes
City of Riverside Yes Yes
City of Norco Yes Yes
County
Riverside County Yes Yes
Other
Bedford-Coldwater Sustainable Groundwater
Sustainability Agency Yes Yes
Temescal Valley Water District Yes Yes
Elsinore Valley Municipal Water District Yes Yes
Western Municipal Water District Yes Yes
Orange County Sanitation District Yes Yes
Home Gardens County Water District Yes Yes
Yorba Linda Water District Yes Yes
Home Gardens Sanitary District Yes Yes
Jurupa Community Services District Yes Yes
Rancho California Water District Yes Yes
Riverside Public Utilities Yes Yes
Metropolitan Water District Yes Yes

10.4 Public Hearing and Adoption
Per the 2025 UWMP Guidebook, all water agencies shall include the adoption resolution within the UWMP.
§ 10642 Each urban water supplier shall encourage the active involvement of diverse social, cultural, and economic elements of the population within the service area prior to and during the preparation of both the plan and the water shortage contingency plan. Prior to adopting either, the urban water supplier shall make both the plan and the water shortage contingency plan available for public inspection and shall hold a public hearing or hearings thereon…. After the hearing or hearings, the plan or water shortage contingency plan shall be adopted as prepared or as modified after the hearing or hearings.

Chapter 10 – Plan, Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
10-3
Government Code Section 7291 …every local public agency… serving a substantial number of non-English-Speaking people, shall employ a sufficient number of qualified bilingual persons in public contact positions or as interpreters to assist those in such positions, to ensure provision of information and services. in the language of the non-English-speaking person.

The public hearing for the 2025 UWMP and WSCP was held on May 20, 2026. The 2025 UWMP and WSCP were adopted by the Board of Directors for the City of Corona on June 3, 2026, by Resolution No. 26-XX-XX (see Appendix V).

10.5 Plan Submittal
§ 10621 (e) Each urban water supplier shall update and submit its 2025 plan to the department by July 1, 2026…
§ 10635 (c) The urban water supplier shall provide that portion of its urban water management plan prepared pursuant to this article to any city or county within which it provides water supplies no later than 60 days after the submission of its urban water management plan.
§ 10644 (a)(1) An urban water supplier shall submit to the department, the California State Library, and any city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies a copy of its plan no later than 30 days after adoption.

The 2025 UWMP was submitted on June X, 2026, to the California Department of Water Resources.

The City’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan was submitted on June X, 2026, to the California Department of Water Resources.

10.5.1 Submitting a UWMP and Water Shortage Contingency Plan to DWR The online submittal tool, WUEdata, was used to submit the UWMP electronically. WUEdata is the online submittal tool developed by DWR. Once the DWR has completed the plan review, it will issue a letter to the agency stating the results of the review.

10.5.2 Electronic Data Submittal to California DWR
The online submittal tool, WUEdata, was used to submit the UWMP electronically. WUEdata is the online submittal tool developed by DWR. Once the DWR has completed the plan review, it will issue a letter to the agency stating the results of the review.

Chapter 10 – Plan, Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
10-4

10.5.3 Submitting a UWMP, Including WSCP, to the California State Library No later than 30 days after adoption, the City shall submit a CD or hardcopy of the adopted 2025 UWMP, including the adopted WSCP, to the California State Library at:

California State Library
Government Publications Section
Attention: Coordinator, Urban Water Management Plans
P.O. Box 942837
Sacramento, CA 94237-0001

10.5.4 Submittal to Cities and Counties
No later than 30 days after adoption, the City shall submit a copy of the adopted 2025 UWMP, including the adopted WSCP, to any city or county to which the City provides water. This copy may be in an electronic format.

10.6 Public Availability
§ 10645 (a)Not later than 30 days after filing a copy of its plan with the department, the urban water supplier and the department shall make the plan available for public review during normal business hours.
(b) Not later than 30 days after filing a copy of its water shortage contingency plan with the department, the urban water supplier and the department shall make the plan available for public review during normal business hours.

Within 30 days after submittal of the 2025 UWMP to DWR, the City will make the 2025 UWMP and WSCP available at the City’s office during normal business hours and on the City’s website.

10.7 Notification to Public Utilities Commission
§ 10645 (c) An urban water supplier regulated by the Public Utilities Commission shall include its most recent plan and water shortage contingency plan as part of the supplier’s general rate case filings.

According to the water code, a City or District that is regulated by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) must submit its UWMP and Water Shortage Contingency Plan to the CPUC as part of its general rate case filings. The City of Corona is not regulated by the CPUC, and therefore not required to notify or submit its UWMP or WSCP to CPUC.

10.8 Plan Implementation
§ 10643 An urban water supplier shall implement its plan adopted pursuant to this chapter in accordance with the schedule set forth in its plan.

Chapter 10 – Plan, Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
10-5

10.9 Amending an Adopted Urban Water Management Plan or Water Shortage Contingency Plan
§ 10621 (d) The amendments to, or changes in, the plan shall be adopted and filed in the manner set forth in Article 3 (commencing with Section 10640).

Water Code Section 10644 (a)(1) Copies of amendments or changes to the plans shall be submitted to the department, the California State Library, and any city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies within 30 days after adoption.

10.9.1 Amending a UWMP or WSCP
If the City of Corona amends the adopted 2025 UWMP or WSCP, the amendment must undergo the same notification, public hearing, adoption and submittal process required for the original plan.

10.9.2 Submitting Revised Water Shortage Contingency Plan § Water Code Section 10644 (b) If an urban water supplier revises its water shortage contingency plan, the supplier shall submit to the department a copy of its water shortage contingency plan prepared…no later than 30 days after adoption, in accordance with protocols for submission and using electronic reporting tools developed by the department.

10.10 California Department of Water Resources Review of Submitted Plans The City of Corona understands that in the event that after the 2025 UWMP is adopted and submitted to the DWR for compliance and review, DWR may contact the City as needed during the review process.

DWR will cross reference with the provided UWMP checklist (Appendix C) to determine whether the UWMP addresses the water code requirements. DWR will issue a letter to the City with the results once the review process is complete.

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix A - Urban Water Management Planning Act

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix B - Sustainable Water Use and Demand Reduction (SB X7- 7)

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix C – 2025 Checklist Corona

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix D – Corona 2025 Submittal Tables

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix E – 2021 through 2025 Corona Consumer Confidence Reports

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix F – AWWA Water Audit Reports past 5 years

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix G – SB X7 Standardized Tables

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix H – Energy Intensity Tables

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix I – DWR Bulletin 118

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix J – Corona 2008 Groundwater Management Plan

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix K – Joint Powers Agreement

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix L – Tiered Rate Structure

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix M – Ordinance 3005

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix N – Ordinance 2962

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix O – Water Shortage Contingency Plan

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix P – Local Hazard Mitigation Plan

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix Q – Bed-Coldwater Groundwater Sustainability Plan

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix R – Temescal Basin Groundwater Sustainability Plan

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix S – WMWD Resolution 3166

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix T – 60 Day Notification Letters

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix U – Public Hearing Notification Letters

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix V – Resolution Adoption Plan of 2020 UWMP and WSCP

Appendices
City of Corona
2025 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix A - Urban Water Management Planning Act

Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-1
Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water
Management Planning
This material is for informational purposes only and is not to be used in place of official California Water Code.

This appendix presents updated sections of California Water Code (Water Code) as of the publication of this Guidebook and as compiled by California Department of Water Resources (DWR) staff. The selection here focuses on the portions of Water Code directly relevant to preparation of an Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP), and sections of Water Code that are contextually relevant to urban water suppliers and DWR.

Water Code published here also concerns the Urban Water Management Planning Act, the Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SB X7-7), which covers sustainable water use and demand reduction, and more. Further legislative information is available on the California Legislative Information website.

Contents
Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SB X7‐7) ................................................. A-3 Chapter 1. General Declarations and Policy, Sections 10608– 10608.8 ..................................................................................A-3 Chapter 2. Definitions, Section 10608.12 .............................................A-5 Chapter 2.5. Nonfunctional Turf ..........................................................A-9 Chapter 3. Urban Retail Water Suppliers, Sections 10608.16– 10608.44............................................................................... A-11 Chapter 5. Sustainable Water Management, Section 10608.50 .............. A-21 Chapter 6. Standardized Data Collection, Section 10608.52 .................. A-22 Chapter 7. Funding Provisions, Sections 10608.56–10608.60.................. A-23 Chapter 9. Urban Water Use Objectives and Water Use Reporting, Sections 10609–10609.38 ........................................................ A-24 Urban Water Management Planning Act.................................................... A-39 Chapter 1. General Declaration and Policy, Sections 10610– 10610.4................................................................................. A-39 Chapter 2. Definitions, Sections 10611–10618 ..................................... A-40 Chapter 3. Urban Water Management Plans........................................ A-42 Article 1. General Provisions, Sections 10620–10621 ................... A-42 Article 2. Contents of Plans, Sections 10630–10634 ..................... A-44

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-2
Article 2.5. Water Service Reliability, Section 10635 .................... A-54 Article 3. Adoption and Implementation of Plans,
Sections 10640–10645 ................................................. A-55 Chapter 4. Miscellaneous Provisions, Sections 10650–10657................. A-58

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-3
Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SB X7‐7)
This section contains information extracted from Water Code Division 6, Conservation, Development, and Utilization of State Water Resources, Part 2.55, Sustainable Water Use And Demand Reduction. Click on any section header below to read Water Code directly at the California Legislative Information website.

Chapter 1. General Declarations and Policy,
Sections 10608–10608.8
Section 10608.

The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:
(a) Water is a public resource that the California Constitution protects against waste and unreasonable use.
(b) Growing population, climate change, and the need to protect and grow California’s economy while protecting and restoring our fish and wildlife habitats make it essential that the state manage its water resources as efficiently as possible.
(c) Diverse regional water supply portfolios will increase water supply reliability and reduce dependence on the Delta.
(d) Reduced water use through conservation provides significant energy and environmental benefits, and can help protect water quality, improve streamflows, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
(e) The success of state and local water conservation programs to increase efficiency of water use is best determined on the basis of measurable outcomes related to water use or efficiency.
(f) Improvements in technology and management practices offer the potential for increasing water efficiency in California over time, providing an essential water management tool to meet the need for water for urban, agricultural, and environmental uses.
(g) The Governor has called for a 20 percent per capita reduction in urban water use statewide by 2020.
(h) The factors used to formulate water use efficiency targets can vary significantly from location to location based on factors including weather, patterns of urban and suburban development, and past efforts to enhance water use efficiency.
(i) Per capita water use is a valid measure of a water provider’s efforts to reduce urban water use within its service area. However, per capita water use is less

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-4
useful for measuring relative water use efficiency between different water providers. Differences in weather, historical patterns of urban and suburban development, and density of housing in a particular location need to be considered when assessing per capita water use as a measure of efficiency.

Section 10608.4.

It is the intent of the Legislature, by the enactment of this part, to do all of the following:
(a) Require all water suppliers to increase the efficiency of use of this essential resource.
(b) Establish a framework to meet the state targets for urban water conservation identified in this part and called for by the Governor. (c) Measure increased efficiency of urban water use on a per capita basis. (d) Establish a method or methods for urban retail water suppliers to determine targets for achieving increased water use efficiency by the year 2020, in accordance with the Governor’s goal of a 20- percent reduction. (e) Establish consistent water use efficiency planning and implementation standards for urban water suppliers and agricultural water suppliers. (f) Promote urban water conservation standards that are consistent with the California Urban Water Conservation Council’s adopted best management practices and the requirements for demand management in Section 10631. (g) Establish standards that recognize and provide credit to water suppliers that made substantial capital investments in urban water conservation since the drought of the early 1990s.
(h) Recognize and account for the investment of urban retail water suppliers in providing recycled water for beneficial uses.
(i) Require implementation of specified efficient water management practices for agricultural water suppliers.
(k) Support the economic productivity of California’s agricultural, commercial, and industrial sectors.
(l) Advance regional water resources management.

Section 10608.8.
(a)
(1) Water use efficiency measures adopted and implemented pursuant to this part or Part 2.8 (commencing with Section 10800) are water conservation measures subject to the protections provided under Section 1011.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-5
(2) Because an urban agency is not required to meet its urban water use target until 2020 pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 10608.24, an urban retail water supplier’s failure to meet those targets shall not establish a violation of law for purposes of any state administrative or judicial proceeding prior to January 1, 2021. Nothing in this paragraph limits the use of data reported to the department or the board in litigation or an administrative proceeding. This paragraph shall become inoperative on January 1, 2021.
(3) To the extent feasible, the department and the board shall provide for the use of water conservation reports required under this part to meet the requirements of Section 1011 for water conservation reporting. (b) This part does not limit or otherwise affect the application of Chapter 3.5 commencing with Section 11340), Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 11370), Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 11400), and Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 11500) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
(c) This part does not require a reduction in the total water used in the agricultural or urban sectors, because other factors, including, but not limited to, changes in agricultural economics or population growth may have greater effects on water use. This part does not limit the economic productivity of California’s agricultural, commercial, or industrial sectors.
(d) The requirements of this part do not apply to an agricultural water supplier that is a party to the Quantification Settlement Agreement, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 1 of Chapter 617 of the Statutes of 2002, during the period within which the Quantification Settlement Agreement remains in effect.

After the expiration of the Quantification Settlement Agreement, to the extent conservation water projects implemented as part of the Quantification Settlement Agreement remain in effect, the conserved water created as part of those projects shall be credited against the obligations of the agricultural water supplier pursuant to this part.

Chapter 2. Definitions, Section 10608.12
Section 10608.12.

Unless the context otherwise requires, the following definitions govern the construction of this part:
(a) “Affordable housing” has the same meaning as defined in Section 34191.30 of the Health and Safety Code.
(b) “Agricultural water supplier” means a water supplier, either publicly or privately owned, providing water to 10,000 or more irrigated acres, excluding recycled water. “Agricultural water supplier” includes a supplier or contractor

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-6
for water, regardless of the basis of right, that distributes or sells water for ultimate resale to customers. “Agricultural water supplier” does not include the department.
(c) “Base daily per capita water use” means any of the following:
(1) The urban retail water supplier’s estimate of its average gross water use, reported in gallons per capita per day and calculated over a continuous 10-year period ending no earlier than December 31, 2004, and no later than December 31, 2010.
(2) For an urban retail water supplier that meets at least 10 percent of its 2008 measured retail water demand through recycled water that is delivered within the service area of an urban retail water supplier or its urban wholesale water supplier, the urban retail water supplier may extend the
(3) calculation described in paragraph (1) up to an additional five years to a maximum of a continuous 15-year period ending no earlier than December 31, 2004, and no later than December 31, 2010. (4) For the purposes of Section 10608.22, the urban retail water supplier’s estimate of its average gross water use, reported in gallons per capita per day and calculated over a continuous five-year period ending no earlier than December 31, 2007, and no later than December 31, 2010. (d) Baseline commercial, industrial, and institutional water use” means an urban retail water supplier’s base daily per capita water use for commercial, industrial, and institutional users.
(e) “CII water use” means water used by commercial water users, industrial water users, institutional water users, and large landscape water users. (f) “Commercial water user” means a water user that provides or distributes a product or service.
(g) “Common area” means that portion of a common interest development or of a property owned or managed by a homeowners’ association or a community service organization or similar entity that is not assigned or allocated to the exclusive use of the occupants of an individual dwelling unit within the property.
(h) “Common interest development” has the same meaning as in Section 4100 of the Civil Code.
(i) “Community service organization or similar entity” has the same meaning as in Section 4110 of the Civil Code.
(j) “Community space” means an area designated by a property owner or a governmental agency to accommodate human foot traffic for civic, ceremonial, or other community events or social gatherings

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-7
(k) Compliance daily per capita water use” means the gross water use during the final year of the reporting period, reported in gallons per capita per day. (l) “Disadvantaged community” means a community with an annual median household income that is less than 80 percent of the statewide annual median household income.
(m) “Functional turf” means a ground cover surface of turf located in a recreational use area or community space. Turf enclosed by fencing or other barriers to permanently preclude human access for recreation or assembly is not functional turf.
(n) “Gross water use” means the total volume of water, whether treated or untreated, entering the distribution system of an urban retail water supplier, excluding all of the following:
(1) Recycled water that is delivered within the service area of an urban retail water supplier or its urban wholesale water supplier.
(2) The net volume of water that the urban retail water supplier places into long-term storage.
(3) The volume of water the urban retail water supplier conveys for use by another urban water supplier.
(4) The volume of water delivered for agricultural use, except as otherwise provided in subdivision (f) of Section 10608.24.
(o) “Homeowners’ association” means an “association” as defined in Section 4080 of the Civil Code.
(p) “Industrial water user” means a water user that is primarily a manufacturer or processor of materials as defined by the North American Industry Classification System code sectors 31 to 33, inclusive, or an entity that is a water user primarily engaged in research and development.
(q) “Institutional water user” means a water user dedicated to public service. This type of user includes, among other users, higher education institutions, schools, courts, churches, hospitals, government facilities, and nonprofit research institutions.
(r) “Interim urban water use target” means the midpoint between the urban retail water supplier’s base daily per capita water use and the urban retail water supplier’s urban water use target for 2020.
(s) “Large landscape” means a nonresidential landscape as described in the performance measures for CII water use adopted pursuant to Section 10609.10.
(t) “Locally cost effective” means that the present value of the local benefits of implementing an agricultural efficiency water management practice is greater

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-8
than or equal to the present value of the local cost of implementing that measure.
(u) “Nonfunctional turf” means any turf that is not functional turf, and includes turf located within street rights-of-way and parking lots. (v) “Performance measures” means actions to be taken by urban retail water suppliers that will result in increased water use efficiency by CII water users.

Performance measures may include, but are not limited to, educating CII water users on best management practices, conducting water use audits, and preparing water management plans. Performance measures do not include process water.
(w) “Potable reuse” means direct potable reuse, indirect potable reuse for groundwater recharge, and reservoir water augmentation as those terms are defined in Section 13561.
(x) “Potable water” means water that is suitable for human consumption. (y) “Process water” means water used by industrial water users for producing a product or product content or water used for research and development.

Process water includes, but is not limited to, continuous manufacturing processes, and water used for testing, cleaning, and maintaining equipment.

Water used to cool machinery or buildings used in the manufacturing process or necessary to maintain product quality or chemical characteristics for product manufacturing or control rooms, data centers, laboratories, clean rooms, and other industrial facility units that are integral to the manufacturing or research and development process is process water. Water used in the manufacturing process that is necessary for complying with local, state, and federal health and safety laws, and is not incidental water, is process water. Process water does not mean incidental water uses.
(z) “Public water system” has the same meaning as defined in Section 116275 of the Health and Safety Code.
(aa) “Recreational use area” means an area designated by a property owner or a governmental agency to accommodate human foot traffic for recreation, including, but not limited to, sports fields, golf courses, playgrounds, picnic grounds, or pet exercise areas. This recreation may be either formal or informal.
(ab) “Recycled water” means recycled water, as defined in subdivision (n) of Section 13050.
(ac) “Regional water resources management” means sources of supply resulting from watershed-based planning for sustainable local water reliability or any of the following alternative sources of water:
(1) The capture and reuse of stormwater or rainwater.
(2) The use of recycled water.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-9
(3) The desalination of brackish groundwater.
(4) The conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater in a manner that is consistent with the safe yield of the groundwater basin. (ad) “Reporting period” means the years for which an urban retail water supplier reports compliance with the urban water use targets.
(ae) “Turf” has the same meaning as defined in Section 491 of Title 23 of the California Code of Regulations
(af) “Urban retail water supplier” means a water supplier, either publicly or privately owned, that directly provides potable municipal water to more than 3,000 end users or that supplies more than 3,000 acre-feet of potable water annually at retail for municipal purposes.
(ag) “Urban water supplier” has the same meaning as defined in Section 10617. (ah) “Urban water use objective” means an estimate of aggregate efficient water use for the previous year based on adopted water use efficiency standards and local service area characteristics for that year, as described in Section 10609.20.
(ai) “Urban water use target” means the urban retail water supplier’s targeted future daily per capita water use.
(aj) “Urban wholesale water supplier” means a water supplier, either publicly or privately owned, that provides more than 3,000 acre- feet of water annually at wholesale for potable municipal purposes.

Chapter 2.5. Nonfunctional Turf
Section 10608.14.
(a) The use of potable water for the irrigation of nonfunctional turf located on commercial, industrial, and institutional properties, other than a cemetery, and on properties of homeowners’ associations, common interest developments, and community service organizations or similar entities is prohibited as of the following dates:
(1) All properties owned by the Department of General Services, beginning January 1, 2027.
(2) All properties owned by local governments, local or regional public agencies, and public water systems, except those specified in paragraph (5), beginning January 1, 2027.
(3) All other institutional properties and all commercial and industrial properties, beginning January 1, 2028.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-10
(4) All common areas of properties of homeowners’ associations, common interest developments, and community service organizations or similar entities, beginning January 1, 2029.
(5) All properties owned by local governments, local public agencies, and public water systems in a disadvantaged community, beginning January 1, 2031, or the date upon which a state funding source is made available to fund conversion of nonfunctional turf on these properties to climateappropriate landscapes, whichever is later. (b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), the use of potable water is not prohibited by this section to the extent necessary to ensure the health of trees and other perennial nonturf plantings, or to the extent necessary to address an immediate health and safety need.
(c) The board may, upon a showing of good cause for reasons including economic hardship, critical business need, and potential impacts to human health or safety, postpone a compliance deadline in subdivision (a) by up to three years for certain persons, institutions, and businesses, and may create a form to be used for compliance certification to the board by property owners. (d) Public water systems shall, by no later than January 1, 2027, revise their regulations, ordinances, or policies governing water service to include the requirements of subdivisions (a) and (b), as revised by the board pursuant to subdivision (c), and shall communicate the requirements to their customers on or before that date.
(e)
(1) An owner of commercial, industrial, or institutional property with more than 5,000 square feet of irrigated area other than a cemetery shall certify to the board, commencing June 30, 2030, and every three years thereafter through 2039, that their property is in compliance with the requirements of this chapter.
(2) An owner of a property with more than 5,000 square feet of irrigated common area that is a homeowners’ association, common interest development, or community service organization or similar entity shall certify to the board, commencing June 30, 2031, and every three years thereafter through 2040, that their property is in compliance with the requirements of this chapter.
(f) Noncompliance by a person or entity with this chapter or regulations adopted thereunder shall be subject to civil liability and penalties set forth in Section 1846, or to civil liability and penalties imposed by an urban retail water supplier pursuant to a locally adopted ordinance or policy.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-11
(g)
(1) A public water system, city, county, or city and county may enforce the provisions of this chapter.
(2) To avoid duplication of enforcement, any entity identified in paragraph (1) that is not a retail public water system shall notify the retail public water system 30 days prior to enforcement of the provisions of this chapter against a property served by such system.
(3) Nothing in paragraph (2) shall preclude enforcement by any entity identified in paragraph (1) once adequate notice is given. (h) The department shall, when using funds appropriated for water conservation for turf replacement, prioritize financial assistance for nonfunctional turf replacement to public water systems serving disadvantaged communities and to owners of affordable housing.
(i) The department shall utilize the saveourwater.com internet website and outreach campaign to provide information and resources on converting nonfunctional turf to native vegetation.
(j) The Governor’s Office of Business and Economic Development shall support small and minority-owned businesses that provide services that advance compliance with this chapter.

Chapter 3. Urban Retail Water Suppliers,
Sections 10608.16–10608.44
Section 10608.16.
(a) The state shall achieve a 20-percent reduction in urban per capita water use in California on or before December 31, 2020.
(1) The state shall make incremental progress towards the state target specified in subdivision (a) by reducing urban per capita water use by at least 10 percent on or before December 31, 2015.

Section 10608.20.
(a)
(1) Each urban retail water supplier shall develop urban water use targets and an interim urban water use target by July 1, 2011. Urban retail water suppliers may elect to determine and report progress toward achieving these targets on an individual or regional basis, as provided in subdivision (a) of Section 10608.28, and may determine the targets on a fiscal year or calendar year basis.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-12
(2) It is the intent of the Legislature that the urban water use targets described in paragraph (1) cumulatively result in a 20-percent reduction from the baseline daily per capita water use by December 31, 2020. (b) An urban retail water supplier shall adopt one of the following methods for determining its urban water use target pursuant to subdivision (a):
(1) Eighty percent of the urban retail water supplier’s baseline per capita daily water use.
(2) The per capita daily water use that is estimated using the sum of the following performance standards:
(A) For indoor residential water use, 55 gallons per capita daily water use as a provisional standard. Upon completion of the department’s 2017 report to the Legislature pursuant to Section 10608.42, this standard may be adjusted by the Legislature by statute. (B) For landscape irrigated through dedicated or residential meters or connections, water efficiency equivalent to the standards of the Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance set forth in Chapter 2.7 (commencing with Section 490) of Division 2 of Title 23 of the California Code of Regulations, as in effect the later of the year of the landscape’s installation or 1992. An urban retail water supplier using the approach specified in this subparagraph shall use satellite imagery, site visits, or other best available technology to develop an accurate estimate of landscaped areas.
(C) For commercial, industrial, and institutional uses, a 10- percent reduction in water use from the baseline commercial, industrial, and institutional water use by 2020.
(3) Ninety-five percent of the applicable state hydrologic region target, as set forth in the state’s draft 20x2020 Water Conservation Plan (dated April 30, 2009). If the service area of an urban water supplier includes more than one hydrologic region, the supplier shall apportion its service area to each region based on population or area.
(4) A method that shall be identified and developed by the department, through a public process, and reported to the Legislature no later than December 31, 2010. The method developed by the department shall identify per capita targets that cumulatively result in a statewide 20- percent reduction in urban daily per capita water use by December 31, 2020. In developing urban daily per capita water use targets, the department shall do all of the following:
(A) Consider climatic differences within the state.
(B) Consider population density differences within the state. (C) Provide flexibility to communities and regions in meeting the targets.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-13
(D) Consider different levels of per capita water use according to plant water needs in different regions.
(E) Consider different levels of commercial, industrial, and institutional water use in different regions of the state.
(F) Avoid placing an undue hardship on communities that have implemented conservation measures or taken actions to keep per capita water use low.
(c) If the department adopts a regulation pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (b) that results in a requirement that an urban retail water supplier achieve a reduction in daily per capita water use that is greater than 20 percent by December 31, 2020, an urban retail water supplier that adopted the method described in paragraph (4) of subdivision (b) may limit its urban water use target to a reduction of not more than 20 percent by December 31, 2020, by adopting the method described in paragraph (1) of subdivision (b). (d) The department shall update the method described in paragraph (4) of subdivision (b) and report to the Legislature by December 31, 2014. An urban retail water supplier that adopted the method described in paragraph (4) of subdivision (b) may adopt a new urban daily per capita water use target pursuant to this updated method.
(e) An urban retail water supplier shall include in its urban water management plan due in 2010 pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610) the baseline daily per capita water use, urban water use target, interim urban water use target, and compliance daily per capita water use, along with the bases for determining those estimates, including references to supporting data.
(f) When calculating per capita values for the purposes of this chapter, an urban retail water supplier shall determine population using federal, state, and local population reports and projections.
(g) An urban retail water supplier may update its 2020 urban water use target in its 2015 urban water management plan required pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610).
(h)
(1) The department, through a public process and in consultation with the California Urban Water Conservation Council, shall develop technical methodologies and criteria for the consistent implementation of this part, including, but not limited to, both of the following:
(A) Methodologies for calculating base daily per capita water use, baseline commercial, industrial, and institutional water use, compliance daily per capita water use, gross water use, service area

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-14
population, indoor residential water use, and landscaped area water use.
(B) Criteria for adjustments pursuant to subdivisions (d) and (e) of Section 10608.24.
(2) The department shall post the methodologies and criteria developed pursuant to this subdivision on its internet website, and make written copies available, by October 1, 2010. An urban retail water supplier shall use the methods developed by the department in compliance with this part.
(h)
(1) The department shall adopt regulations for implementation of the provisions relating to process water in accordance with Section 10608.12, subdivision (e) of Section 10608.24, and subdivision (d) of Section 10608.26.
(2) The initial adoption of a regulation authorized by this subdivision is deemed to address an emergency, for purposes of Sections 11346.1 and 11349.6 of the Government Code, and the department is hereby exempted for that purpose from the requirements of subdivision (b) of Section 11346.1 of the Government Code. After the initial adoption of an emergency regulation pursuant to this subdivision, the department shall not request approval from the Office of Administrative Law to readopt the regulation as an emergency regulation pursuant to Section 11346.1 of the Government Code.
(j)
(1) An urban retail water supplier is granted an extension to July 1, 2011, for adoption of an urban water management plan pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610) due in 2010 to allow the use of technical methodologies developed by the department pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (b) and subdivision (h). An urban retail water supplier that adopts an urban water management plan due in 2010 that does not use the methodologies developed by the department pursuant to subdivision (h) shall amend the plan by July 1, 2011, to comply with this part.
(2) An urban wholesale water supplier whose urban water management plan prepared pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610) was due and not submitted in 2010 is granted an extension to July 1, 2011, to permit coordination between an urban wholesale water supplier and urban retail water suppliers.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-15
Section 10608.22.

Notwithstanding the method adopted by an urban retail water supplier pursuant to Section 10608.20, an urban retail water supplier’s per capita daily water use reduction shall be no less than 5 percent of base daily per capita water use as defined in paragraph (3) of subdivision (c) of Section 10608.12. This section does not apply to an urban retail water supplier with a base daily per capita water use at or below 100 gallons per capita per day.

Section 10608.24.
(a) Each urban retail water supplier shall meet its interim urban water use target by December 31, 2015.
(b) Each urban retail water supplier shall meet its urban water use target by December 31, 2020.
(c) An urban retail water supplier’s compliance daily per capita water use shall be the measure of progress toward achievement of its urban water use target. (d)
(1) When determining compliance daily per capita water use, an urban retail water supplier may consider the following factors:
(A) Differences in evapotranspiration and rainfall in the baseline period compared to the compliance reporting period.
(B) Substantial changes to commercial or industrial water use resulting from increased business output and economic development that have occurred during the reporting period.
(C) Substantial changes to institutional water use resulting from fire suppression services or other extraordinary events, or from new or expanded operations, that have occurred during the reporting period. (2) If the urban retail water supplier elects to adjust its estimate of compliance daily per capita water use due to one or more of the factors described in paragraph (1), it shall provide the basis for, and data supporting, the adjustment in the report required by Section 10608.40.
(e) When developing the urban water use target pursuant to Section 10608.20, an urban retail water supplier that has a substantial percentage of industrial water use in its service area may exclude process water from the calculation of gross water use to avoid a disproportionate burden on another customer sector. (f)
(1) An urban retail water supplier that includes agricultural water use in an urban water management plan pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610) may include the agricultural water use in determining

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-16
gross water use. An urban retail water supplier that includes agricultural water use in determining gross water use and develops its urban water use target pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) of Section 10608.20 shall use a water efficient standard for agricultural irrigation of 100 percent of reference evapotranspiration multiplied by the crop coefficient for irrigated acres.
(2) An urban retail water supplier, that is also an agricultural water supplier, is not subject to the requirements of Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 10608.48), if the agricultural water use is incorporated into its urban water use target pursuant to paragraph (1).

Section 10608.26.
(a) In complying with this part, an urban retail water supplier shall conduct at least one public hearing to accomplish all of the following:
(1) Allow community input regarding the urban retail water supplier’s implementation plan for complying with this part.
(2) Consider the economic impacts of the urban retail water supplier’s implementation plan for complying with this part.
(3) Adopt a method, pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 10608.20, for determining its urban water use target.
(b) In complying with this part, an urban retail water supplier may meet its urban water use target through efficiency improvements in any combination among its customer sectors. An urban retail water supplier shall avoid placing a disproportionate burden on any customer sector.
(c) For an urban retail water supplier that supplies water to a United States Department of Defense military installation, the urban retail water supplier’s implementation plan for complying with this part shall consider the conservation of that military installation under federal Executive Order 13514. (d)
(1) Any ordinance or resolution adopted by an urban retail water supplier after the effective date of this section shall not require existing customers as of the effective date of this section, to undertake changes in product formulation, operations, or equipment that would reduce process water use, but may provide technical assistance and financial incentives to those customers to implement efficiency measures for process water. This section shall not limit an ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to a declaration of drought emergency by an urban retail water supplier. (2) This part shall not be construed or enforced so as to interfere with the requirements of Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 113980) to Chapter 13 (commencing with Section 114380), inclusive, of Part 7 of

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-17
Division 104 of the Health and Safety Code, or any requirement or standard for the protection of public health, public safety, or worker safety established by federal, state, or local government or recommended by recognized standard setting organizations or trade associations.

Section 10608.28.
(a) An urban retail water supplier may meet its urban water use target within its retail service area, or through mutual agreement, by any of the following:
(1) Through an urban wholesale water supplier.
(2) Through a regional agency authorized to plan and implement water conservation, including, but not limited to, an agency established under the Bay Area Water Supply and Conservation Agency Act (Division 31 (commencing with Section 81300)).
(3) Through a regional water management group as defined in Section 10537. (4) By an integrated regional water management funding area. (5) By hydrologic region.
(6) Through other appropriate geographic scales for which computation methods have been developed by the department.
(b) A regional water management group, with the written consent of its member agencies, may undertake any or all planning, reporting, and implementation functions under this chapter for the member agencies that consent to those activities. Any data or reports shall provide information both for the regional water management group and separately for each consenting urban retail water supplier and urban wholesale water supplier.

Section 10608.32.

All costs incurred pursuant to this part by a water utility regulated by the Public Utilities Commission may be recoverable in rates subject to review and approval by the Public Utilities Commission, and may be recorded in a memorandum account and reviewed for reasonableness by the Public Utilities Commission.

Section 10608.34.
(a)
(1) On or before January 1, 2017, the department shall adopt rules for all of the following:
(A) The conduct of standardized water loss audits by urban retail water suppliers in accordance with the method adopted by the American Water Works Association in the third edition of Water Audits and Loss

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-18
Control Programs, Manual M36 and in the Free Water Audit Software, version 5.0.
(B) The process for validating a water loss audit report prior to submitting the report to the department. For the purposes of this section, “validating” is a process whereby an urban retail water supplier uses a technical expert to confirm the basis of all data entries in the urban retail water supplier’s water loss audit report and to appropriately characterize the quality of the reported data. The validation process shall follow the principles and terminology laid out by the American Water Works Association in the third edition of Water Audits and Loss Control Programs, Manual M36 and in the Free Water Audit Software, version 5.0. A validated water loss audit report shall include the name and technical qualifications of the person engaged for validation.
(C) The technical qualifications required of a person to engage in validation, as described in subparagraph (B).
(D) The certification requirements for a person selected by an urban retail water supplier to provide validation of its own water loss audit report.
(E) The method of submitting a water loss audit report to the department.
(2) The department shall update rules adopted pursuant to paragraph (1) no later than six months after the release of subsequent editions of the American Water Works Association’s Water Audits and Loss Control Programs, Manual M36. Except as provided by the department, until the department adopts updated rules pursuant to this paragraph, an urban retail water supplier may rely upon a subsequent edition of the American Water Works Association’s Water Audits and Loss Control Programs, Manual M36 or the Free Water Audit Software.
(b)
(1) On or before October 1 of each year until October 1, 2023, each urban retail water supplier reporting on a calendar year basis shall submit a completed and validated water loss audit report for the previous calendar year or the previous fiscal year as prescribed by the department pursuant to subdivision (a).
(2) On or before January 1 of each year until January 1, 2024, each urban retail water supplier reporting on a fiscal year basis shall submit a completed and validated water loss audit report for the previous fiscal year as prescribed by the department pursuant to subdivision (a). (3) On or before January 1, 2024, and on or before January 1 of each year thereafter, each urban retail water supplier shall submit a completed and

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-19
validated water loss audit report for the previous calendar year or previous fiscal year as part of the report submitted to the department pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 10609.24 and as prescribed by the department pursuant to subdivision (a).
(4) Water loss audit reports submitted on or before October 1, 2017, may be completed and validated with assistance as described in subdivision (c). (c) Using funds available for the 2016–17 fiscal year, the board shall contribute up to four hundred thousand dollars ($400,000) towards procuring water loss audit report validation assistance for urban retail water suppliers. (d) Each water loss audit report submitted to the department shall be accompanied by information, in a form specified by the department, identifying steps taken in the preceding year to increase the validity of data entered into the final audit, reduce the volume of apparent losses, and reduce the volume of real losses.
(e) At least one of the following employees of an urban retail water supplier shall attest to each water loss audit report submitted to the department:
(1) The chief financial officer.
(2) The chief engineer.
(3) The general manager.
(f) The department shall deem incomplete and return to the urban retail water supplier any final water loss audit report found by the department to be incomplete, not validated, unattested, or incongruent with known characteristics of water system operations. A water supplier shall resubmit a completed water loss audit report within 90 days of an audit being returned by the department.
(g) The department shall post all validated water loss audit reports on its internet website in a manner that allows for comparisons across water suppliers. The department shall make the validated water loss audit reports available for public viewing in a timely manner after their receipt.
(h) Using available funds, the department shall provide technical assistance to guide urban retail water suppliers’ water loss detection programs, including, but not limited to, metering techniques, pressure management techniques, condition-based assessment techniques for transmission and distribution pipelines, and utilization of portable and permanent water loss detection devices.
(i) No earlier than January 1, 2019, and no later than July 1, 2020, the board shall adopt rules requiring urban retail water suppliers to meet performance standards for the volume of water losses. In adopting these rules, the board shall employ full life-cycle cost accounting to evaluate the costs of meeting the performance standards. The board may consider establishing a minimum

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-20
allowable water loss threshold that, if reached and maintained by an urban water supplier, would exempt the urban water supplier from further water loss reduction requirements.

Section 10608.35.
(a) The department, in coordination with the board, shall conduct necessary studies and investigations and make a recommendation to the Legislature, by January 1, 2020, on the feasibility of developing and enacting water loss reporting requirements for urban wholesale water suppliers. (b) The studies and investigations shall include an evaluation of the suitability of applying the processes and requirements of Section 10608.34 to urban wholesale water suppliers.
(c) In conducting necessary studies and investigations and developing its recommendation, the department shall solicit broad public participation from stakeholders and other interested persons.

Section 10608.36.

Urban wholesale water suppliers shall include in the urban water management plans required pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610) an assessment of their present and proposed future measures, programs, and policies to help achieve the water use reductions required by this part.

Section 10608.40.

Urban water retail suppliers shall report to the department on their progress in meeting their urban water use targets as part of their urban water management plans submitted pursuant to Section 10631. The data shall be reported using a standardized form developed pursuant to Section 10608.52.

Section 10608.42.
(a) The department shall review the 2015 urban water management plans and report to the Legislature by July 1, 2017, on progress towards achieving a 20- percent reduction in urban water use by December 31, 2020. The report shall include recommendations on changes to water efficiency standards or urban water use targets to achieve the 20- percent reduction and to reflect updated efficiency information and technology changes.
(b) A report to be submitted pursuant to subdivision (a) shall be submitted in compliance with Section 9795 of the Government Code.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-21
Section 10608.43.

The department, in conjunction with the California Urban Water Conservation Council, by April 1, 2010, shall convene a representative task force consisting of academic experts, urban retail water suppliers, environmental organizations, commercial water users, industrial water users, and institutional water users to develop alternative best management practices for commercial, industrial, and institutional users and an assessment of the potential statewide water use efficiency improvement in the commercial, industrial, and institutional sectors that would result from implementation of these best management practices. The taskforce, in conjunction with the department, shall submit a report to the Legislature by April 1, 2012, that shall include a review of multiple sectors within commercial, industrial, and institutional users and that shall recommend water use efficiency standards for commercial, industrial, and institutional users among various sectors of water use.

The report shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
(a) Appropriate metrics for evaluating commercial, industrial, and institutional water use.
(b) Evaluation of water demands for manufacturing processes, goods, and cooling. (c) Evaluation of public infrastructure necessary for delivery of recycled water to the commercial, industrial, and institutional sectors.
(d) Evaluation of institutional and economic barriers to increased recycled water use within the commercial, industrial, and institutional sectors. (e) Identification of technical feasibility and cost of the best management practices to achieve more efficient water use statewide in the commercial, industrial, and institutional sectors that is consistent with the public interest and reflects past investments in water use efficiency.

Section 10608.44.

Each state agency shall reduce water use at facilities it operates to support urban retail water suppliers in meeting the target identified in Section 10608.16.

Chapter 5. Sustainable Water Management,
Section 10608.50
Section 10608.50.
(a) The department, in consultation with the board, shall promote implementation of regional water resources management practices through increased incentives and removal of barriers consistent with state and federal law.

Potential changes may include, but are not limited to, all of the following:

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-22
(1) Revisions to the requirements for urban and agricultural water management plans.
(2) Revisions to the requirements for integrated regional water management plans.
(3) Revisions to the eligibility for state water management grants and loans. (4) Revisions to state or local permitting requirements that increase water supply opportunities, but do not weaken water quality protection under state and federal law.
(5) Increased funding for research, feasibility studies, and project construction.
(6) Expanding technical and educational support for local land use and water management agencies.
(b) No later than January 1, 2011, and updated as part of the California Water Plan, the department, in consultation with the board, and with public input, shall propose new statewide targets, or review and update existing statewide targets, for regional water resources management practices, including, but not limited to, recycled water, brackish groundwater desalination, and infiltration and direct use of urban stormwater runoff.

Chapter 6. Standardized Data Collection,
Section 10608.52
Section 10608.52.
(a) The department, in consultation with the board, the California Bay-Delta Authority or its successor agency, the State Department of Public Health, and the Public Utilities Commission, shall develop a single standardized water use reporting form to meet the water use information needs of each agency, including the needs of urban water suppliers that elect to determine and report progress toward achieving targets on a regional basis as provided in subdivision (a) of Section 10608.28.
(b) At a minimum, the form shall be developed to accommodate information sufficient to assess an urban water supplier’s compliance with conservation targets pursuant to Section 10608.24 and an agricultural water supplier’s compliance with implementation of efficient water management practices pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 10608.48. The form shall accommodate reporting by urban water suppliers on an individual or regional basis as provided in subdivision (a) of Section 10608.28.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-23
Chapter 7. Funding Provisions, Sections 10608.56–
10608.60
Section 10608.56.
(a) On and after July 1, 2016, an urban retail water supplier is not eligible for a water grant or loan awarded or administered by the state unless the supplier complies with this part.
(b) On and after July 1, 2013, an agricultural water supplier is not eligible for a water grant or loan awarded or administered by the state unless the supplier complies with this part.
(c) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), the department shall determine that an urban retail water supplier is eligible for a water grant or loan even though the supplier has not met the per capita reductions required pursuant to Section 10608.24, if the urban retail water supplier has submitted to the department for approval a schedule, financing plan, and budget, to be included in the grant or loan agreement, for achieving the per capita reductions. The supplier may request grant or loan funds to achieve the per capita reductions to the extent the request is consistent with the eligibility requirements applicable to the water funds.
(d) Notwithstanding subdivision (b), the department shall determine that an agricultural water supplier is eligible for a water grant or loan even though the supplier is not implementing all of the efficient water management practices described in Section 10608.48, if the agricultural water supplier has submitted to the department for approval a schedule, financing plan, and budget, to be included in the grant or loan agreement, for implementation of the efficient water management practices. The supplier may request grant or loan funds to implement the efficient water management practices to the extent the request is consistent with the eligibility requirements applicable to the water funds. (e) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), the department shall determine that an urban retail water supplier is eligible for a water grant or loan even though the supplier has not met the per capita reductions required pursuant to Section 10608.24, if the urban retail water supplier has submitted to the department for approval documentation demonstrating that its entire service area qualifies as a disadvantaged community.
(f) The department shall not deny eligibility to an urban retail water supplier or agricultural water supplier in compliance with the requirements of this part and Part 2.8 (commencing with Section 10800), that is participating in a multiagency water project, or an integrated regional water management plan, developed pursuant to Section 75026 of the Public Resources Code, solely on the basis that one or more of the agencies participating in the project or plan

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-24
is not implementing all of the requirements of this part or Part 2.8 (commencing with Section 10800).

Section 10608.60.
(a) It is the intent of the Legislature that funds made available by Section 75026 of the Public Resources Code should be expended, consistent with Division 43 (commencing with Section 75001) of the Public Resources Code and upon appropriation by the Legislature, for grants to implement this part. In the allocation of funding, it is the intent of the Legislature that the department give consideration to disadvantaged communities to assist in implementing the requirements of this part.
(b) It is the intent of the Legislature that funds made available by Section 75041 of the Public Resources Code, should be expended, consistent with Division 43 (commencing with Section 75001) of the Public Resources Code and upon appropriation by the Legislature, for direct expenditures to implement this part.

Chapter 9. Urban Water Use Objectives and Water Use
Reporting, Sections 10609–10609.38
Section 10609.
(a) The Legislature finds and declares that this chapter establishes a method to estimate the aggregate amount of water that would have been delivered the previous year by an urban retail water supplier if all that water had been used efficiently. This estimated aggregate water use is the urban retail water supplier’s urban water use objective. The method is based on water use efficiency standards and local service area characteristics for that year. By comparing the amount of water actually used in the previous year with the urban water use objective, local urban water suppliers will be in a better position to help eliminate unnecessary use of water; that is, water used in excess of that needed to accomplish the intended beneficial use. (b) The Legislature further finds and declares all of the following:
(1) This chapter establishes standards and practices for the following water uses:
(A) Indoor residential use.
(B) Outdoor residential use.
(C) CII water use.
(D) Water losses.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-25
(E) Other unique local uses and situations that can have a material effect on an urban water supplier’s total water use.
(2) This chapter further does all of the following:
(A) Establishes a method to calculate each urban water use objective. (B) Considers recycled water quality in establishing efficient irrigation standards.
(C) Requires the department to provide or otherwise identify data regarding the unique local conditions to support the calculation of an urban water use objective.
(D) Provides for the use of alternative sources of data if alternative sources are shown to be as accurate as, or more accurate than, the data provided by the department.
(E) Requires annual reporting of the previous year’s water use with the urban water use objective.
(F) Provides a bonus incentive for the amount of potable recycled water used the previous year when comparing the previous year’s water use with the urban water use objective, of up to 10 percent of the urban water use objective.
(3) This chapter requires the department and the board to solicit broad public participation from stakeholders and other interested persons in the development of the standards and the adoption of regulations pursuant to this chapter.
(4) This chapter preserves the Legislature’s authority over long- term water use efficiency target setting and ensures appropriate legislative oversight of the implementation of this chapter by doing all of the following:
(A) Requiring the Legislative Analyst to conduct a review of the implementation of this chapter, including compliance with the adopted standards and regulations, accuracy of the data, use of alternate data, and other issues the Legislative Analyst deems appropriate.
(B) Stating legislative intent that the director of the department and the chairperson of the board appear before the appropriate Senate and Assembly policy committees to report on progress in implementing this chapter.
(C) Providing one-time-only authority to the department and board to adopt water use efficiency standards, except as explicitly provided in this chapter. Authorization to update the standards shall require separate legislation.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-26
(c) It is the intent of the Legislature that the following principles apply to the development and implementation of long-term standards and urban water use objectives:
(1) Local urban retail water suppliers should have primary responsibility for meeting standards-based water use targets, and they shall retain the flexibility to develop their water supply portfolios, design and implement water conservation strategies, educate their customers, and enforce their rules.
(2) Long-term standards and urban water use objectives should advance the state’s goals to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
(3) Long-term standards and urban water use objectives should acknowledge the shade, air quality, and heat-island reduction benefits provided to communities by trees through the support of water-efficient irrigation practices that keep trees healthy.
(4) The state should identify opportunities for streamlined reporting, eliminate redundant data submissions, and incentivize open access to data collected by urban and agricultural water suppliers.

Section 10609.2.
(a) The board, in coordination with the department, shall adopt long-term standards for the efficient use of water pursuant to this chapter on or before June 30, 2022.
(b) Standards shall be adopted for all of the following:
(1) Outdoor residential water use.
(2) Outdoor irrigation of landscape areas with dedicated irrigation meters in connection with CII water use.
(3) A volume for water loss.
(c) When adopting the standards under this section, the board shall consider the policies of this chapter and the proposed efficiency standards’ effects on local wastewater management, developed and natural parklands, and urban tree health. The standards and potential effects shall be identified by May 30, 2022.

The board shall allow for public comment on potential effects identified by the board under this subdivision.
(d) The long-term standards shall be set at a level designed so that the water use objectives, together with other demands excluded from the long-term standards such as CII indoor water use and CII outdoor water use not connected to a dedicated landscape meter, would exceed the statewide conservation targets required pursuant to Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 10608.16).

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-27
(e) The board, in coordination with the department, shall adopt by regulation variances recommended by the department pursuant to Section 10609.14 and guidelines and methodologies pertaining to the calculation of an urban retail water supplier’s urban water use objective recommended by the department pursuant to Section 10609.16.

Section 10609.4.
(a)
(1) Until January 1, 2025, the standard for indoor residential water use shall be 55 gallons per capita daily.
(2) Beginning January 1, 2025, and until January 1, 2030, the standard for indoor residential water use shall be 47 gallons per capita daily. (3) Beginning January 1, 2030, the standard for indoor residential water use shall be 42 gallons per capita daily.
(b)
(1) The department, in coordination with the board, shall conduct necessary studies and investigations to assess and quantify the economic benefits and impacts of the 2030 indoor residential use standard on water, wastewater, and recycled water systems and shall include saturation enduse studies. The studies and investigations shall build on the standards and potential effects identified pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 10609.2 and shall also consider, and as appropriate incorporate, other regional and statewide studies that quantify the impacts on water, wastewater, and recycled water systems, and evaluate the long-term effects of telework. To facilitate these studies and investigations, the board may request necessary and relevant information from wastewater agencies, including monthly influent flow, actions taken to reassess treatment processes, and the impact of the implementation of this chapter on wastewater operations, maintenance, and capital investment.

The department, in coordination with the board, shall summarize the findings of these studies and investigations in a report to the Legislature on or before October 1, 2028. The report shall be submitted in compliance with Section 9795 of the Government Code.
(2) If the department, in coordination with the board, determines that the 2030 indoor residential use standard is likely to unduly impact affordability of water and wastewater services, the department and the board may jointly recommend to the Legislature an alternate date on which the 2030 indoor residential use standard shall take effect. This determination shall be made using at least two years of data reflecting application of the 2025 indoor residential use standard.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-28
(3) Based upon the studies and investigations conducted pursuant to paragraph (1), the department shall consider whether to recommend, for adoption by the board, additional variances to accommodate unique challenges related to residential indoor water use pursuant to Section 10609.2. Variance options may include, but are not limited to, stranded assets, impacts on disadvantaged communities, impacts to environmental flows, or adverse impacts to wastewater or recycled water operations.
(4) The studies, investigations, and report described in paragraph (1) shall include timely and inclusive collaboration with, and input from, a broad group of stakeholders, including, but not limited to, environmental groups, experts in indoor plumbing, water, wastewater, and recycled water agencies.
(c) An urban retail water supplier shall not be subject to enforcement pursuant to this chapter solely for failing to meet the indoor residential use standard.

Section 10609.6.
(a)
(1) The department, in coordination with the board, shall conduct necessary studies and investigations and recommend, no later than October 1, 2021, standards for outdoor residential use for adoption by the board in accordance with this chapter.
(2)
(A) The standards shall incorporate the principles of the model water efficient landscape ordinance adopted by the department pursuant to the Water Conservation in Landscaping Act (Article 10.8 (commencing with Section 65591) of Chapter 3 of Division 1 of Title 7 of the Government Code).
(B) The standards shall apply to irrigable lands.
(C) The standards shall include provisions for swimming pools, spas, and other water features. Ornamental water features that are artificially supplied with water, including ponds, lakes, waterfalls, and fountains, shall be analyzed separately from swimming pools and spas. (b) The department shall, by January 1, 2021, provide each urban retail water supplier with data regarding the area of residential irrigable lands in a manner that can reasonably be applied to the standards adopted pursuant to this section.
(c) The department shall not recommend standards pursuant to this section until it has conducted pilot projects or studies, or some combination of the two, to ensure that the data provided to local agencies are reasonably accurate for the

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-29
data’s intended uses, taking into consideration California’s diverse landscapes and community characteristics.

Section 10609.8.
(a) The department, in coordination with the board, shall conduct necessary studies and investigations and recommend, no later than October 1, 2021, standards for outdoor irrigation of landscape areas with dedicated irrigation meters or other means of calculating outdoor irrigation use in connection with CII water use for adoption by the board in accordance with this chapter. (b) The standards shall incorporate the principles of the model water efficient landscape ordinance adopted by the department pursuant to the Water Conservation in Landscaping Act (Article 10.8 (commencing with Section 65591) of Chapter 3 of Division 1 of Title 7 of the Government Code). (c) The standards shall include an exclusion for water for commercial agricultural use meeting the definition of subdivision (b) of Section 51201 of the Government Code.

Section 10609.9.

For purposes of Sections 10609.6 and 10609.8, “principles of the model water efficient landscape ordinance” means those provisions of the model water efficient landscape ordinance applicable to the establishment or determination of the amount of water necessary to efficiently irrigate both new and existing landscapes.

These provisions include, but are not limited to, all of the following:
(a) Evapotranspiration adjustment factors, as applicable. (b) Landscape area.
(c) Maximum applied water allowance.
(d) Reference evapotranspiration.
(e) Special landscape areas, including provisions governing evapotranspiration adjustment factors for different types of water used for irrigating the landscape.

Section 10609.10.
(a) The department, in coordination with the board, shall conduct necessary studies and investigations and recommend, no later than October 1, 2021, performance measures for CII water use for adoption by the board in accordance with this chapter.
(b) Prior to recommending performance measures for CII water use, the department shall solicit broad public participation from stakeholders and other interested persons relating to all of the following:

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-30
(1) Recommendations for a CII water use classification system for California that address significant uses of water.
(2) Recommendations for setting minimum size thresholds for converting mixed CII meters to dedicated irrigation meters, and evaluation of, and recommendations for, technologies that could be used in lieu of requiring dedicated irrigation meters.
(3) Recommendations for CII water use best management practices, which may include, but are not limited to, water audits and water management plans for those CII customers that exceed a recommended size, volume of water use, or other threshold.
(c) Recommendations of appropriate performance measures for CII water use shall be consistent with the October 21, 2013, report to the Legislature by the Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Task Force entitled “Water Use Best Management Practices,” including the technical and financial feasibility recommendations provided in that report, and shall support the economic productivity of California’s commercial, industrial, and institutional sectors. (b)
(1) The board, in coordination with the department, shall adopt performance measures for CII water use on or before June 30, 2022.
(2) Each urban retail water supplier shall implement the performance measures adopted by the board pursuant to paragraph (1).

Section 10609.12.

The standards for water loss for urban retail water suppliers shall be the standards adopted by the board pursuant to subdivision (i) of Section 10608.34.

Section 10609.14.
(a) The department, in coordination with the board, shall conduct necessary studies and investigations and, no later than October 1, 2021, recommend for adoption by the board in accordance with this chapter appropriate variances for unique uses that can have a material effect on an urban retail water supplier’s urban water use objective.
(b) Appropriate variances may include, but are not limited to, allowances for the following:
(1) Significant use of evaporative coolers.
(2) Significant populations of horses and other livestock. (3) Significant fluctuations in seasonal populations.
(4) Significant landscaped areas irrigated with recycled water having high levels of total dissolved solids.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-31
(5) Significant use of water for soil compaction and dust control. (6) Significant use of water to supplement ponds and lakes to sustain wildlife. (7) Significant use of water to irrigate vegetation for fire protection. (8) Significant use of water for commercial or noncommercial agricultural use. (d) The department, in recommending variances for adoption by the board, shall also recommend a threshold of significance for each recommended variance. (e) Before including any specific variance in calculating an urban retail water supplier’s water use objective, the urban retail water supplier shall request and receive approval by the board for the inclusion of that variance. (f) The board shall post on its Internet Web site all of the following:
(1) A list of all urban retail water suppliers with approved variances. (2) The specific variance or variances approved for each urban retail water supplier.
(3) The data supporting approval of each variance.

Section 10609.15.

To help streamline water data reporting, the department and the board shall do all of the following:
(a) Identify urban water reporting requirements shared by both agencies, and post on each agency’s Internet Web site how the data is used for planning, regulatory, or other purposes.
(b) Analyze opportunities for more efficient publication of urban water reporting requirements within each agency, and analyze how each agency can integrate various data sets in a publicly accessible location, identify priority actions, and implement priority actions identified in the analysis.
(c) Make appropriate data pertaining to the urban water reporting requirements that are collected by either agency available to the public according to the principles and requirements of the Open and Transparent Water Data Act (Part 4.9 (commencing with Section 12400)).

Section 10609.16.

The department, in coordination with the board, shall conduct necessary studies and investigations and recommend, no later than October 1, 2021, guidelines and methodologies for the board to adopt that identify how an urban retail water supplier calculates its urban water use objective. The guidelines and methodologies shall address, as necessary, all of the following:

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-32
(a) Determining the irrigable lands within the urban retail water supplier’s service area.
(b) Updating and revising methodologies described pursuant to subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (h) of Section 10608.20, as appropriate, including methodologies for calculating the population in an urban retail water supplier’s service area.
(c) Using landscape area data provided by the department or alternative data. (d) Incorporating precipitation data and climate data into estimates of a urban retail water supplier’s outdoor irrigation budget for its urban water use objective.
(e) Estimating changes in outdoor landscape area and population, and calculating the urban water use objective, for years when updated landscape imagery is not available from the department.
(f) Determining acceptable levels of accuracy for the supporting data, the urban water use objective, and compliance with the urban water use objective.

Section 10609.18.

The department and the board shall solicit broad public participation from stakeholders and other interested persons in the development of the standards and the adoption of regulations pursuant to this chapter. The board shall hold at least one public meeting before taking any action on any standard or variance recommended by the department.

Section 10609.20.
(a) Each urban retail water supplier shall calculate its urban water use objective no later than January 1, 2024, and by January 1 every year thereafter. (b) The calculation shall be based on the urban retail water supplier’s water use conditions for the previous calendar or fiscal year.
(c) Each urban water supplier’s urban water use objective shall be composed of the sum of the following:
(1) Aggregate estimated efficient indoor residential water use. (2) Aggregate estimated efficient outdoor residential water use. (3) Aggregate estimated efficient outdoor irrigation of landscape areas with dedicated irrigation meters or equivalent technology in connection with CII water use.
(4) Aggregate estimated efficient water losses.
(5) Aggregate estimated water use in accordance with variances, as appropriate.

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-33
(d)
(1) An urban retail water supplier that delivers water from a groundwater basin, reservoir, or other source that is augmented by potable reuse water may adjust its urban water use objective by a bonus incentive calculated pursuant to this subdivision.
(2) The water use objective bonus incentive shall be the volume of its potable reuse delivered to residential water users and to landscape areas with dedicated irrigation meters in connection with CII water use, on an acrefoot basis. (3) The bonus incentive pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be limited in accordance with one of the following:
(A) The bonus incentive shall not exceed 15 percent of the urban water supplier’s water use objective for any potable reuse water produced at an existing facility.
(B) The bonus incentive shall not exceed 10 percent of the urban water supplier’s water use objective for any potable reuse water produced at any facility that is not an existing facility.
(4) For purposes of this subdivision, “existing facility” means a facility that meets all of the following:
(A) The facility has a certified environmental impact report, mitigated negative declaration, or negative declaration on or before January 1, 2019.
(B) The facility begins producing and delivering potable reuse water on or before January 1, 2022.
(C) The facility uses microfiltration and reverse osmosis technologies to produce the potable reuse water.
(e)
(1) The calculation of the urban water use objective shall be made using landscape area and other data provided by the department and pursuant to the standards, guidelines, and methodologies adopted by the board.

The department shall provide data to the urban water supplier at a level of detail sufficient to allow the urban water supplier to verify its accuracy at the parcel level.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), an urban retail water supplier may use alternative data in calculating the urban water use objective if the supplier demonstrates to the department that the alternative data are equivalent, or superior, in quality and accuracy to the data provided by the department. The department may provide technical assistance to an

Appendix A
California Water Code—Urban Water Management Planning
Informational Purposes Only
January 2026 A-34
urban retail water supplier in evaluating whether the alternative data are appropriate for use in calculating the supplier’s urban water use objective.

Section 10609.21.
(a) For purposes of Section 10609.20, and notwithstanding paragraph (4) of subdivision (d) of Section 10609.20, “existing facility” also includes the North City Project, phase one of the Pure Water San Diego Program, for which an environmental impact report was certified on April 10, 2018. (b) This section shall become operative on January 1, 2019.

Section 10609.22.
(a) An urban retail water supplier shall calculate its actual urban water use no later than January 1, 2024, and by January 1 every year thereafter. (b) The calculation shall be based on the urban retail water supplier’s water use for the previous calendar or fiscal year.
(c) Each urban water supplier’s urban water use shall be composed of the sum of the following:
(1) Aggregate residential water use.
(2) Aggregate outdoor irrigation of landscape areas with dedicated irrigation meters in connection with CII water use.
(3) Aggregate water losses.

Section 10609.24.
(a) An urban retail water supplier shall submit a report to the department no later than January 1, 2024, and by January 1 every year thereafter. The report shall include all of the following:
(1) The urban water use objective calculated pursuant to Section 10609.20 along with relevant supporting data.
(2) The actual urban water use calculated pursuant to Section 10609.22 along with relevant supporting data.
(3) Documentation of the implementation of the performance measures for CII water use.
(4) A description of the progress made towards meeting the urban water use objective.
(5) The validated water loss audit report conducted pursuant to Section 10608.34.
(b) The department shall post the reports and information on its internet website.