San Jacinto City Council
November 15, 2022

Many of San undergone considerable alteration including window replacement, stucco over original siding, porch enclosures, and large additions. Opportunity for collective residential eligibility does not appear to exist as examples are geographically distant and design quality and integrity limit thematic cohesiveness.

Early-20th Century Development, 1905-1939
Many resources exist from this period of development in San Jacinto, including rural ranch and urban residential and commercial properties; infrastructure like Fire Station No. 25; institutional and cultural school, St. Hyacinth (1946), and the San Jacin ); agriculturalor industrial-related buildings, structures, and objects; early suburban tract development, including associated streetscape features like streetlights, street trees, and landscaped parkways; property remnants such as walls, foundations, and trees; and properties associated with early 20th century commercial business owners and community leaders, town development and promotion, and tourism, and Native American-themed architecture or uses. Residential examples from the 1930s display both

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-18 Cultural Resources modest minimal and sprawling ranch types, which represent early examples of the dominant Ranch form of later decades, particularly juxtaposed on De Anza Drive. Architectural styles of this period display a wide variety, including earlier examples like Arts and Crafts, Craftsman and California Bungalow, a selection of period revival styles such as Spanish Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, Mission Revival, Pueblo Revival, and examples with Native American traditional influence.

Many early-20th century properties have suffered considerable alteration including window replacement, stucco over original siding, porch enclosures, and large additions, often on the façade. Modest-scale residential construction of this era is typically considered for eligibility on a collective level; however, only a few tracts were laid out during this period and not fully populated. Most properties appear to have been developed slowly in more piecemeal fashion throughout the decades on streets laid out in original townsite development rather than in comprehensive subdivision of edge lands, resulting in either streets or neighborhoods with potentially wide periods of significance or focus on individual residential properties of high design quality. Although scattered throughout the survey area, several finer examples are found on Main Street within or nearest the original townsite. Potential eligibility in commercial property is more likely to stem from collective, geographically contiguous resources, which allows a lower threshold of integrity and acceptance of infill construction, like in the downtown commercial core along East Main Street mainly between San Jacinto and Jordan Avenue.

Modernism Interrupted and the Postwar World, 1930-1969
Wartime properties, wherever they exist, are few but important resources and likely only include Harmon Field, which reflects war-related transportation and training, as well as residential and commercial properties within the Study Area. Other war-related properties such as installations, industrial development, transportation structures, or other training and transportation routes may exist but were not identified within the Study Area during the Cultural Study reconnaissance-level survey work. Property types under this broad theme also include infrastructure like Fire Station No. 25, the San Diego Aqueduct, and AT&SF railroad alignment, industry such as Skyline Homes, Rama Corporation, and Agri-Empire, and institutions like mid-century schools and churches. A variety of commercial property types are extant like the Main Street Commercial Core, which reflects decades of development, common-walled and individual stores, and roadside commercial architecture, including the use of neon or special signage. Residential properties present as infill and edge-fill, some tract development and multi-family housing includes larger apartment buildings and also trailer home and mobile home parks, rural residential construction may be formerly or currently associated with small-scale agriculture or ranching, and large-scale agricultural or ranching operations, including farms, dairies, ranches and nurseries, are mainly found along or near arterials on the rural edges of the city to the north, west, and south.

Aside from those associated with the long-standing agricultural and ranching culture of the San Jacinto Valley for over 100 years, many of these properties may also or separately reflect the continuum of Modernist architecture in minimal and ranch forms in an array of Architectural styles, including Minimal Traditional; Ranch style and its various sub styles like California Ranch, Spanish Ranch, Storybook Ranch, Rustic Ranch, and Asian Ranch; Contemporary Style and Mid-Century Modern. Influences of the less common modern styles of the 1930s, like Art Deco and Streamline Moderne, may be present in the residential or commercial architecture of this period, and properties of vernacular or transitional design

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-19 Cultural Resources exhibit transitional elements including earlier bungalow forms and porches or later mid-century boxy masses, boxed windows, simple entry openings, or decorative elements.

Properties identified within this time period are less likely to be altered, but may include modified windows or cladding and additions, particularly in residential examples. As few properties were constructed during the war years, those that remain should be assessed with a lower threshold of integrity. As the majority of housing stock exists from this period of development, residential properties considered for individual eligibility should be high style examples or clear representatives of the style.

Opportunities for collective residential eligibility are few as only a handful of streets were newly laid out within this period; collective eligibility would likely include only small or isolated neighborhoods or a wider area of streets that include previous periods of development to show development over time and a broader period of significance. Post-WWII agricultural, ranch-related, or rural residences should remain contextually associated with the land, which may be reflected in larger lot sizes, and with remaining agricultural buildings and structures that convey their original use. The association of later dairies or ranches, or the construction of later facilities, on earlier developed properties does not compromise integrity where agricultural or ranch use remains the same.

5.5.3 REGULATORY SETTING

FEDERAL
National Historic Preservation Act
Enacted in 1966 and amended in 2000, the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) declared a national policy of historic preservation and instituted a multifaceted program, administered by the Secretary of the Interior, to encourage the achievement of preservation goals at federal, State, and local levels. The NHPA authorized the expansion and maintenance of the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), established the position of State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) and provided for the designation of State Review Boards, set up a mechanism to certify local governments to carry out the purposes of the NHPA, assisted Native American tribes to preserve their cultural heritage, and created the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP).

Section 106 Process
Through regulations associated with the NHPA, an impact to a cultural resource would be considered significant if government action would affect a resource listed in or eligible for listing in the NRHP. The NHPA codifies a list of cultural resources found to be significant within the context of national history, as determined by a technical process of evaluation. Resources that have not yet been placed on the NRHP, and are yet to be evaluated, are afforded protection under the Act until shown not to be significant.

Section 106 of the NHPA and its implementing regulations (36 Code of Federal Regulations Part 800) state that for a cultural resource to be determined eligible for listing in the NRHP, the resource must meet specific criteria associated with historic significance and possess certain levels of integrity of form, location, and setting. The criteria for listing on the NRHP are applied within an analysis when there is some question as to the significance of a cultural resource. The criteria for evaluation are defined as the quality of significance in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering, and culture. This quality must

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-20 Cultural Resources be present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. A property is eligible for the NRHP if it is significant under one or more of the following criteria:

Criterion A: It is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or
Criterion B: It is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or Criterion C: It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or
Criterion D: It has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.

Criterion (D) is usually reserved for archaeological resources. Eligible cultural resources must meet at least one of the above criteria and exhibit integrity, measured by the degree to which the resource retains its historical properties and conveys its historical character.

The Section 106 evaluation process does not apply to projects undertaken under City environmental compliance jurisdiction. However, should the undertaking require funding, permits, or other administrative actions issued or overseen by a Federal agency, analysis of potential impacts to cultural resources following the Section 106 process would likely be necessary. The Section 106 process typically excludes cultural resources created less than 50 years ago unless the resource is considered highly significant from the local perspective. Finally, the Section 106 process allows local concerns to be voiced and the Section 106 process must consider aspects of local significance before a judgment is rendered.

Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties
Standards for Historic Preservation Projects with Guidelines for Applying the St Standards for the
Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Reconstructing Historic Buildings were published in 1995 and codified as 36 Code of Federal Regulations Part 67. Neither technical nor prescripti
acknowledges a resource as a document of its history over time, and emphasizes stabilization, m
features that convey historic character, but also accommodates alterations and additions to facilitate s the retention and replacement of features from a specific missing resource. These standards have been adopted, or are used informally, by many agencies at all levels of government to review projects that affect historic resources.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-21 Cultural Resources STATE
California Environmental Quality Act
CEQA requires a lead agency determine whether a project may have a significant effect on historical resources (Public Resources Code Section 21084.1). A historical resource is a resource listed in, or determined to be eligible for listing, in the CRHR, a resource included in a local register of historical resources, or any object building, structure, site, area, place, record, or manuscript that a lead agency determines to be historically significant (State CEQA Guidelines, Section 15064.5[a][1-3]).

A resource is considered historically significant if it meets any of the following criteria:

Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past; Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values; or Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.

In addition, if it can be demonstrated that a project would cause damage to a unique archaeological resource, the lead agency may require reasonable efforts be made to permit any or all of these resources to be preserved in place or left in an undisturbed state. To the extent that resources cannot be left undisturbed, mitigation measures are required (Public Resources Code Section 21083.2[a], [b], and [c]).

Public Resources Code Section 21083.2(g) defines a unique archaeological resource as an archaeological artifact, object, or site about which it can be clearly demonstrated that, without merely adding to the current body of knowledge, there is a high probability that it meets any of the following criteria:

Contains information needed to answer important scientific research questions and that there is a demonstrable public interest in that information;
Has a special and particular quality such as being the oldest of its type or the best available example of its type; or
Is directly associated with a scientifically recognized important prehistoric or historic event or person.

California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR)
State and local agencies, private groups, and citizens to identify the State indicate what properties are to be protected, to the extent prudent and feasible, from substantial adverse and California Historical Landmarks numbered 770 and higher, are automatically included in the CRHR.

Other properties recognized under the California Points of Historical Interest program, identified as significant in historical resources surveys or designated by local landmarks programs, may be nominated for inclusion in the CRHR. A resource, either an individual property or a contributor to a historic district,

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-22 Cultural Resources may be listed in the CRHR if the State Historical Resources Commission determines that it meets one or more of the criteria modeled on the NRHP criteria.

Public Resources Code Section 5097 (Related to Cultural Resources) California Public Resources Code (PRC) Section 5097 addresses the disposition of Native American burials in archaeological sites and protects such remains from disturbance, vandalism, or inadvertent destruction; establishes procedures to be implemented if Native American skeletal remains are discovered during construction of a project; and establishes the California Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) to resolve disputes regarding the disposition of such remains. It has been incorporated into Section 15064.5(e) of the CEQA Guidelines.

The NAHC, created in statute in 1976 (Chapter 1332, Statutes of 1976), is a nine-member body whose members are appointed by the Governor. The NAHC identifies, catalogs, and protects Native American cultural resources -- ancient places of special religious or social significance to Native Americans and known ancient graves and cemeteries of Native Americans on private and public lands in California. The American cultural resources on public lands, overseeing the treatment and disposition of inadvertently discovered Native American human remains and burial items, and administering the California Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (CalNAGPRA), among many other powers and duties. (NAHC)
PRC Sections 5097.9 through 5097.991 establish that no public agency or private party using or occupying public property (or operating on under a public license, permit, grant, lease or contract made after July 1, 1977) shall in any manner interfere with the free expression or exercise of Native American religion as provided in the U.S. Constitution and the California Constitution. It also prohibits such agencies and parties from causing severe or irreparable damage to any Native American sanctified cemetery, place of worship, religious or ceremonial site or sacred shrine located on public property, except on a clear and convincing showing that the public interest and necessity so require it. preservation and protection of Native American human remains, associated grave goods and cultural resources. Towards this end, the NAHC has a strategic plan for assisting the public, development communities, local and federal agencies, educational institutions and California Native Americans to better understand problems relating to the protection and preservation of cultural resources and to serve as a tool to resolve these problems. In 2006, PRC Sections 5097.91 and 5097.98 were amended by Assembly Bill 2641 to authorize the NAHC to bring legal action when necessary to prevent damage to Native American burial grounds or places of worship. It also established more specific procedures to be implemented in the event that Native American remains are discovered.

California Health and Safety Code (Sections 7050.5, 7051, and 7054) Sections 7050.5, 7051, and 7054 of the California Health and Safety Code collectively address the illegality of interference with human burial remains (except as allowed under applicable sections of the PRC), as well as the disposition of Native American burials in archaeological sites and protects such remains from disturbance, vandalism, or inadvertent destruction; establishes procedures to be implemented if Native

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-23 Cultural Resources American skeletal remains are discovered during construction of a project, treatment of the remains prior to, during and after evaluation, and reburial procedures.

LOCAL
Riverside County Historic Preservation Commission
The Riverside County Historical Commission advises the Board of Supervisors on historic matters within the County. It is tasked with working to discover and identify persons, events and places of historical importance within Riverside County, and to make recommendations relating to the preservation of appropriate historic sites and structures. To accomplish this, the Commission established criteria and procedures to identify and recognize historic landmarks in Riverside County. These criteria should be used when reviewing a potentially historically or culturally significant site that could be affected by the proposed development.
to property within San Jacinto City limits.

City of San Jacinto Municipal Code
San Jacinto Development Code (SJDC) Chapter 17.500, Archaeological and Paleontological Resource Protection, outlines the archaeological and paleontological resource protections in the City whose potential location is identified, or which are actually discovered as a result of development activity. A resource assessment must be conducted prior to development in areas with potential archeological and paleontological resources. Chapter 17.500 also sets forth resource assessment procedures for archaeological and paleontological resources and human remains.

SJDC Chapter 17.510, Historic Preservation, provides guidelines to assist in the identification, designation, and preservation of historic and cultural resources within the City. It establishes the San Jacinto Register of Historic Resources that contains the name, location, pertinent historic data, and date of entry on the register of structures, or natural or manmade features receiving a Historic Resource designation.

SJDC Chapter 17.630, Site Plan and Design Review, requires site plan and design review for the construction of any structure, or to relocate, rebuild, or significantly enlarge or modify any existing structure or site. The reviewing body reviews the location, design, site plan configuration and the effect of the proposed development on adjacent properties by comparing the project plans to established development standards, regulations, and applicable design guidelines/policies. Criteria to be considered includes efficiency of site layout and design, compatibility in scale and aesthetic treatment of proposed structures with public areas, and consistency with design guidelines/standards, the General Plan, or any other applicable specific plan.

5.5.4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND THRESHOLDS
Appendix G of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines contains the Initial Study Environmental Checklist, which includes questions related to cultural resources. The issues presented in the Initial Study Environmental Checklist have been utilized as thresholds of significance in this section.

Accordingly, a project may create a significant environmental impact if it would:

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-24 Cultural Resources Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to § 15064.5;
Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to § 15064.5; and/or
Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries.

5.5.5 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
CUL-1: Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to § 15064.5?
Impact Analysis: Known historic resource sites are located throughout the Study Area, as described above, and undiscovered or potentially eligible sites may be located in various areas of the Study Area.

Redevelopment and alteration of existing structures has the potential to impact known and potentially eligible historical resources. A substantial adverse change in the significance of an historic resource is defined in
relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings such that the significance of an There are 152 recorded historic built environment resources throughout the Study Area, as documented in Table 5.5-1, and Table 5.5-2. These historic resources are scattered throughout the Study Area and vary in terms of type, architectural style, condition, and alteration history. While the General Plan Update does not directly propose any changes to any historic resources, future development allowed under the General Plan Update could cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of known historical resources or unknown historical resources which have not yet been identified. This is considered a potentially significant impact.

The General Plan Update Resource Management Element includes goals, policies, and actions addressing heritage resources, including historical resources. Policy RM-3.1 protects areas containing significant historic, archaeological, and paleontologic resources, as defined by the California Public Resources Code.

Policy RM-3.6 identifies, designates, and protects buildings, districts, and sites of historic importance within San Jacinto. Policy RM-3.7 identifies funding programs to assist private property owners in the preservation of historic resources. Action RM-3a ensures the City would continue to assess development proposals for potential impacts to sensitive historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources pursuant to CEQA. Action RM-3b requires that, for structures that potentially have historic significance, a study be conducted by a professional archaeologist or historian to determine the actual significance of the structure and potential impacts of the proposed development in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5. The City may require modification of the project and/or mitigation measures to avoid any impact to a historic structure, when feasible, such as retaining or rehabilitating historic buildings pursuant to City guidelines or relocating the historic building as feasible. Action RM-3m directs the City to develop and implement architectural standards and historical preservation guidelines for development and redevelopment in the Downtown Village area of the community. Action RM-3n directs the City to develop and implement programs and/or incentives to private property owners to help preserve, restore, or reuse historic structures while enhancing their historical significance and integrity. Action RM-3o

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-25 Cultural Resources directs the City to conduct a historic properties inventory that takes into consideration buildings, neighborhoods, and other features of historic, architectural, or cultural significance.

As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City, each project would be and
local regulations relative to historic and potentially historic resources. Subsequent development and infrastructure projects would also be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the requirements of CEQA ntitlement review process. Per SJDC Chapter 17.510, potential historic resources may be considered for a Historic Resource designation by the City, and would require a permit to restore, rehabilitate, alter, develop, construct, demolish, remove, or change the appearance of. Further, for structures that potentially have historical significance, the City would require preparation of a study by a qualified professional archaeologist or historian to determine the significance of the structure and potential impacts of the proposed development in compliance with CEQA. Therefore, compliance with the General Plan Update policies and actions and existing regulations, would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource and impacts would be less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies and Actions:

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Goal RM-3: Heritage Resources. A community that celebrates and preserves its rich culture and historic assets.

Policy RM-3.1: Preservation. Protect areas containing significant historic, archaeological, and paleontologic resources, as defined by the California Public Resources Code.

Policy RM-3.2: Cultural Reminders. uilt
and natural environment through adaptive reuse, signage, markers, and other reminders Policy RM-3.3: Public Education. Educate and actively involve the public in preserving cultural assets, including techniques, incentives, and legal requirements for preservation.

Policy RM-3.6: Historic Preservation. Identify, designate, and protect buildings, districts, and sites of historic importance within San Jacinto.

Policy RM-3.7: Funding. Identify funding programs to assist private property owners in the preservation of historic resources.

Action RM-3a: Continue to assess development proposals for potential impacts to sensitive historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

Action RM-3b: For structures that potentially have historic significance, the City shall require that a study be conducted by a professional archaeologist or historian to determine the actual significance of the structure and potential impacts of the proposed development in

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-26 Cultural Resources accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5. The City may require modification of the project and/or mitigation measures to avoid any impact to a historic structure, when feasible, such as retaining or rehabilitating historic buildings pursuant to City of San Jacinto guidelines or relocating the historic building as feasible.

Action RM-3k: Promote public awareness and encourage tourism in the City by actively identifying and Action RM-3l: Continue to support the improvement and enhancement of the Estudillo Mansion and expand opportunities for public access and use of the historic treasure.

Action RM-3m: Develop and implement architectural standards and historical preservation guidelines for development and redevelopment in the Downtown Village area of the community. Use housing and façade rehabilitation programs to support development and redevelopment activities that preserve and complement historic structures and resources in the downtown.

Action RM-3n: Develop and implement programs and/or incentives to private property owners to help preserve, restore, or reuse historic structures while enhancing their historical significance and integrity.

Action RM-3o: Conduct a historic properties inventory that takes into consideration buildings, neighborhoods, and other features of historic, architectural, or cultural significance.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

CUL-2: Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to § 15064.5?
Impact Analysis: Redevelopment and development of previously undeveloped areas have the potential to impact known and unknown archaeological resources. Surface-level and subsurface archaeological sites and deposits can be affected by ground-disturbing activities associated with construction activities.

Most prehistoric archaeological sites are located along the east side of the Lakeview Mountains. The majority of these sites are bedrock milling features, exploiting the plethora of granite outcrops for milling along the margins of the San Jacinto Valley. Other major prehistoric sites are located around permanent water sources located at Soboba Hot Springs, Gilman Hot Springs, and an unnamed spring on the west side of the Lakeview Mountains. These areas have the potential to be sensitive for subsurface archaeological deposits.

The EIC record search identified a total of 80 archaeological resources within the Study Area, including 49 prehistoric archaeological sites, seven prehistoric isolates, three multicomponent sites, 20 historic archaeological sites, and one historic isolate. Effects on archaeological resources deemed to be significant could be considered adverse if they involve physical demolition, destruction, or alteration of the resource

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-27 Cultural Resources or its immediate surroundings such that the significance of a resource would be materially impaired. While the General Plan Update does not directly propose site-specific development with the potential to directly impact archaeological resources, future development allowed under the General Plan Update could cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of known or unknown archaeological resources. This is considered a potentially significant impact.

The General Plan Update Resource Management Element includes goals, policies, and actions addressing heritage resources, including archaeological resources. Policy RM-3.1 protects areas containing significant historic, archaeological, and paleontologic resources, as defined by the California Public Resources Code.

Action RM-3a ensures the City would continue to assess development proposals for potential impacts to sensitive historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources pursuant to CEQA. Action RM-3c requires, for all development proposals within areas with the potential to contain prehistoric/historic resources, a study to be conducted by a professional archaeologist. The objective of the study will be to determine if significant archaeological resources are potentially present and if the project will significantly impact these resources. If significant impacts are identified, the City may require the project to be modified to avoid the impacts, or require mitigation measures to mitigate the impacts. Mitigation may involve archaeological investigation and resources recovery. Action RM-3f directs the City to make provisions for archeological resources accidentally discovered during construction for projects where the City has approval authority over the project. These provisions shall include an immediate evaluation of the find and contingency funding and time allotment sufficient to allow for the recovery of the archeological resource or implement measures to avoid disturbing the resource if the archeological resource is determined to be unique. Action RM-3o directs the City to conduct a historic properties inventory that takes into consideration buildings, neighborhoods, and other features of historic, architectural, or cultural significance.

Archaeological resources are protected under federal, State, and local regulations as described above in Section 5.5.3 and implementation of General Plan Update policies and actions would reduce potential adverse impacts to archaeological resources associated with future development. Subsequent development and infrastructure projects would be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the requirements of CEQA,
Chapter 17.500 is intended to protect archaeological resources and requires a resource assessment be conducted with specific areas having been identified as having the potential for archaeological resources.

SJDC Chapter 17.500 establishes the procedures for the resource assessment, including the potential for a resource to be impacted and requirements if significant impacts are identified. Compliance with the General Plan Update policies and actions and existing regulations would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource and impacts would be less than significant.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-28 Cultural Resources Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Goal RM-3: Heritage Resources. A community that celebrates and preserves its rich culture and historic assets.

Policy RM-3.1: Preservation. Protect areas containing significant historic, archaeological, and paleontologic resources, as defined by the California Public Resources Code.

Policy RM-3.3: Public Education. Educate and actively involve the public in preserving cultural assets, including techniques, incentives, and legal requirements for preservation.

Action RM-3a: Continue to assess development proposals for potential impacts to sensitive historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

Action RM-3c: For all development proposals within areas with the potential to contain prehistoric/historic resources, the City shall require a study to be conducted by a professional archaeologist. The objective of the study will be to determine if significant archaeological resources are potentially present and if the project will significantly impact these resources. If significant impacts are identified, the City may require the project to be modified to avoid the impacts, or require mitigation measures to mitigate the impacts.

Mitigation may involve archaeological investigation and resources recovery.

Action RM-3f: The City shall make provisions for archeological resources accidentally discovered during construction for projects where the City has approval authority over the project. These provisions shall include an immediate evaluation of the find and contingency funding and time allotment sufficient to allow for the recovery of the archeological resource or implement measures to avoid disturbing the resource if the archeological resource is determined to be unique.

Action RM-3o: Conduct a historic properties inventory that takes into consideration buildings, neighborhoods, and other features of historic, architectural, or cultural significance.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

CUL-3: Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? Impact Analysis: Future construction projects within the Study Area could have the potential to disturb or destroy buried Native American human remains as well as other human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries.

Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5, CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(e), and PRC Section 5097.98 mandate the process to be followed in the event of an accidental discovery of any human remains in a location other than a dedicated cemetery. In the event that human remains are discovered during ground

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-29 Cultural Resources disturbing activities, the County coroner must be called in to assess the remains (Section 15064.5[e] of the CEQA Guidelines). If the County coroner determines that the remains are those of a Native American, the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) must be contacted within 24 hours, and the provisions for treating or disposing of the remains and any associated grave goods as described in Section 15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines must be followed.

As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City, each project would be local regulations. Subsequent development and infrastructure projects would also be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the requirements of CEQA. Under CEQA, human remains Public Resources Code Section 5097 has specific stop-work and notification procedures to follow in the event that Native American human remains are inadvertently discovered during development activities.

The General Plan Update Resource Management Element includes actions addressing the potential discovery of human remains. Action RM-3a directs the City to continue to assess development proposals for potential impacts to sensitive historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources pursuant to CEQA. Action RM-3d establishes that, in the event of discovery or recognition of any human remains in any location other than a dedicated cemetery, the City shall halt excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent human remains until the County Coroner has been informed and has determined that no investigation of the cause of death is required. If the remains are of Native American origin, there shall be no further excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent human remains until the descendants from the deceased Native Americans have made a recommendation to the landowner or the persons responsible for the excavation work, for means of treating or disposing of, with appropriate dignity, the human remains and any associated grave goods as provided in Public Resources Code section 5097.98, or the Native American Heritage Commission was unable to identify a descendant or the descendant failed to make a recommendation within 24 hours after being granted access to the site. Subsequent development and infrastructure projects would be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the to protect archaeological resources and addresses the potential for inadvertent discovery of human remains consistent with Public Resources Code 5097.98 Compliance with the General Plan Update policies and actions and existing regulations, including Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5, CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(e), and PRC Section 5097.98, would ensure that potential impacts associated with the inadvertent discovery of human remains would be reduced to less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Goal RM-3: Heritage Resources. A community that celebrates and preserves its rich culture and historic assets.

Policy RM-3.1: Preservation. Protect areas containing significant historic, archaeological, and paleontologic resources, as defined by the California Public Resources Code.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-30 Cultural Resources Action RM-3a: Continue to assess development proposals for potential impacts to sensitive historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

Action RM-3d: For projects that involve ground disturbing activities on native soil, prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer shall enter a Treatment and Disposition Agreement (TDA) with the Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians to address treatment and disposition of archaeological/cultural resources and human remains associated with Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians that may be uncovered or otherwise discovered during construction of the project. The TDA may establish provisions for tribal monitors. Following execution of the TDA by the developer and Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians, the TDA will be incorporated by reference into the grading permit.

Action RM-3g: In the event of discovery or recognition of any human remains in any location other than a dedicated cemetery, the City shall halt excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent human remains until the County Coroner has been informed and has determined that no investigation of the cause of death is required. If the remains are of Native American origin, there shall be no further excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent human remains until the descendants from the deceased Native Americans have made a recommendation to the landowner or the persons responsible for the excavation work, for means of treating or disposing of, with appropriate dignity, the human remains and any associated grave goods as provided in Public Resources Code section 5097.98, or the Native American Heritage Commission was unable to identify a descendant or the descendant failed to make a recommendation within 24 hours after being granted access to the site.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.5.6 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
Impact Analysis: Cultural resource impacts are site specific and generally do not combine to result in cumulative impacts. Construction of individual development projects allowed under the land use designations of General Plan Update may result in the discovery and removal of cultural resources, including historic and archaeological resources, as well as the inadvertent discovery of human remains.

The General Plan Update policies and actions, as well as federal, State, and local regulations, would reduce the risk to resources in the region. As discussed above, site-specific development with the potential to impact known or unknown historic and/or archaeological resources would require a resource assessment to determine the significant of potential resources and if potential impacts are identified, to incorporate mitigation measures to reduce potential impacts to the identified resources. In the event of inadvertent discovery of human remains, Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5, CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(e), and PRC Section 5097.98 would dictate the proper identification and handling. Adherence to the General Plan Update policies and actions, and existing federal, State, and local regulations would avoid and/or

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.5-31 Cultural Resources minimize a cumulative loss of these important resources if they are identified during project-specific surveys or construction activities. Therefore, the General Plan Update cumulative cultural resource impacts would be less than cumulatively considerable.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions: Refer to the General Plan goals, policies, and actions cited above.

Mitigation Measures: No Mitigation Required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.5.7 SIGNIFICANT UNAVOIDABLE IMPACTS
Impacts to cultural resources associated with the implementation of the General Plan Update would be less than significant. No significant unavoidable impacts to cultural resources would occur as a result of the General Plan Update.

5.5.8 REFERENCES
County of Riverside, Riverside County Historical Landmarks Criteria & Procedures, https://planning.rctlma.org/Portals/14/Rivco%20Historical%20Landmarks%20Criteria.pdf, accessed October 11, 2021.

Department of Finance, State of California, E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, January 2011-2021 with 2010 Census Benchmark, May 2021.

Duke Cultural Resources Management, LLC, Cultural and Paleontological Resource Study for the General Plan Update and EIR City of San Jacinto, Riverside County, December 2021.

Dibblee, T. West, and Minch, J.A. 2003a Geologic map of the San Jacinto quadrangle, Riverside County, California: Dibblee Geological Foundation, Dibblee Foundation Map DF-115, scale 1:24,000.

Riverside County Regional Park and Open-Space District, Commissions and Committees, https://www.rivcoparks.org/commissions-committees, accessed October 11, 2021.

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5.6 ENERGY

5.6.1 PURPOSE
This section identifies the existing energy use conditions withing the Study Area and provides an analysis of potential impacts associated with implementation of the General Plan Update. Potential impacts are identified and mitigation measures to address potentially significant impacts are recommended, as necessary.

This section is primarily based upon The City of San Jacinto 2040 General Plan Environmental Impact Report Greenhouse Gas, prepared by MD Acoustics, LLC and dated June 2022; refer to Appendix E, Greenhouse Gas Report. 5.6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Energy in California is consumed from a wide variety of sources. Fossil fuels (including gasoline and diesel fuel and natural gas) are the most widely used form of energy in the State. However, renewable sources driver of renewable sources of energy in California is the Sta (RPS), which requires the State to derive at least 33 percent of electricity generated from renewable resources by 2020, and 60 percent by 2030.

Overall, in 2019 50th in the nation. Additionally,
been reduced by approximately one third since the 1970s.1 Many State regulations since the 1970s, including new building energy efficiency standards, vehicle fleet efficiency measures, as well as growing public awareness, have helped to keep per capita energy usage in the State in check.

The consumption of nonrenewable energy (primarily gasoline and diesel fuel) associated with the operation of passenger, public transit, and commercial vehicles results in GHG emissions that ultimately result in global climate change. Other fuels such as natural gas, ethanol, and electricity (unless derived from solar, wind, nuclear, or other energy sources that do not produce carbon emissions) also result in GHG emissions and contribute to global climate change.

ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION
California relies on a regional power system composed of a diverse mix of natural gas, renewable, hydroelectric, and nuclear generation resources. Approximately 71 percent of the electrical power needed State. Approximately 29 percent of its electricity is
imported from the Pacific Northwest and the Southwest. In 2019 -state generated electricity was derived from natural gas (43.0 percent), large hydroelectric resources (16.5 percent), coal (0.1 percent), nuclear sources (8.1 percent), and renewable resources that include geothermal, biomass, 1 U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System: 1960-2020, June 24, 2022.

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small hydroelectric resources, wind, and solar (32.1 percent). The percentage of renewable resources as Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS).

According to the California Energy Commission (CEC), total statewide electricity consumption increased from 166,979 gigawatt-hours (GWh) in 1980 to 228,038 GWh in 1990, which is an estimated annual growth rate of 3.76 percent. The statewide electricity consumption in 1997 was 246,225 GWh, reflecting an annual growth rate of 1.14 percent between 1990 and 1997. Statewide consumption was 274,985 GWh in 2010, an annual growth rate of 0.9 percent between 1997 and 2010. This was reduced to 272,576 GWH in 2020, which was a two percent decrease from the previous year. The City of San Jacinto consumed approximately 12,826 MWh in 2021 (according to Southern California Edison), roughly 0.005 percent of the State total.

OIL
The primary energy source for the United States is oil, which is refined to produce fuels like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. Oil is a finite, nonrenewable energy source. World consumption of petroleum products has grown steadily in the last several decades. As of 2018, world consumption of oil had reached 100 accounts for approximately 21 percent of world oil consumption, or approximately 20.5 million barrels per day. The transportation sector relies heavily on oil. In California, petroleum-based fuels currently provide approximately 96 percent of the S

NATURAL GAS
Natural gas supplies are derived from underground sources and brought to the surface at gas wells. Once it is extracted, gas is purified and the odorant that allows gas leaks to be detected is added to the normally odorless gas. Natural gas suppliers, such as Southern California Gas Company, then send the gas into transmission pipelines, which are usually buried underground. Compressors propel the gas through the pipeline system, which delivers it to homes and businesses.

The State produces approximately 12 percent of its natural gas, while obtaining 22 percent from Canada and 65 percent from the Rockies and the Southwest. In 2020, California produced 144 billion cubic feet of natural gas. The Southern California Gas Company (SoCalGas) provides natural gas for residential, industrial, and agency consumers within Riverside County, including the City of San Jacinto.

5.6.3 REGULATORY SETTING

FEDERAL
Clean Air Act
The Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) was first signed into law in 1970. In 1977, and again in 1990, the law was substantially amended. The FCAA is the foundation for a national air pollution control effort, and it is composed of the following basic elements: National ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for criteria air pollutants, hazardous air pollutant standards, state attainment plans, motor vehicle emissions standards,

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stationary source emissions standards and permits, acid rain control measures, stratospheric ozone protection, and enforcement provisions.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for administering the FCAA. The FCAA requires the EPA to set NAAQS for several problem air pollutants based on human health and welfare criteria. Two types of NAAQS were established: primary standards, which protect public health, and secondary standards, which protect the public welfare from non-health-related adverse effects such as visibility reduction.

Energy Policy and Conservation Act
The Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 sought to ensure that all vehicles sold in the U.S. would meet certain fuel economy goals. Through this Act, Congress established the first fuel economy standards for on-road motor vehicles in the United States. Pursuant to the Act, the National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration, which is part of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), is responsible for establishing additional vehicle standards and for revising existing standards.

Since 1990, the fuel economy standard for new passenger cars has been 27.5 mpg. Since 1996, the fuel economy standard for new light trucks (gross vehicle weight of 8,500 pounds or less) has been 20.7 mpg.

Heavy-duty vehicles (i.e., vehicles and trucks over 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight) are not currently subject to fuel economy standards. Compliance with federal fuel economy standards is determined on the U.S. The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program, which is administered by the EPA, was created to determine vehicle m
calculates a CAFE value for each manufacturer based on city and highway fuel economy test results and vehicle sales. Based on the information generated under the CAFE program, the USDOT is authorized to assess penalties for noncompliance.

Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct)
The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct) was passed to reduce the C petroleum and improve air quality. EPAct includes several parts intended to build an inventory of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) in large, centrally fueled fleets in metropolitan areas. EPAct requires certain federal, state, and local government and private fleets to purchase a percentage of light duty AFVs capable of running on alternative fuels each year. In addition, financial incentives are included in EPAct.

Federal tax deductions will be allowed for businesses and individuals to cover the incremental cost of AFVs. States are also required by the act to consider a variety of incentive programs to help promote AFVs.

Energy Policy Act of 2005
The Energy Policy Act of 2005 was signed into law on August 8, 2005. Generally, the Act provides for renewed and expanded tax credits for electricity generated by qualified energy sources, such as landfill gas; provides bond financing, tax incentives, grants, and loan guarantees for a clean renewable energy and rural community electrification; and establishes a federal purchase requirement for renewable energy.

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Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) ISTEA (49 U.S.C. Section 101 et seq.) promoted the development of intermodal transportation systems to maximize mobility as well as address national and local interests in air quality and energy. ISTEA contained factors that metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs), were to address in developing transportation plans and programs, including some energy-related factors. To meet the ISTEA requirements, MPOs adopted explicit policies defining the social, economic, energy, and environmental values that were to guide transportation decisions in that metropolitan area. The planning process was then to address these policies. Another requirement was to consider the consistency of transportation planning with federal, state, and local energy goals. Through this requirement, energy consumption was expected to become a criterion, along with cost and other values that determine the best transportation solution.

STATE
Warren-Alquist Act
The 1975 Warren-Alquist Act established the California Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission, now known as CEC. The Act established state policy to reduce wasteful, uneconomical, and unnecessary uses of energy by employing a range of measures. The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) regulates privately-owned utilities in the energy, rail, telecommunications, and water fields.

Energy Action Plan
major energy policy agencies (CEC, CPUC, and the Consumer Power and Conservation Financing Authority [established under deregulation and now defunct]) came together to develop one high- l gas needs. It was
the first time that energy policy agencies formally collaborated to define a common vision and set of energy policy on the California environment.

In the October 2005 Energy Action Plan II, CEC and CPUC updated their energy policy vision by adding some important dimensions to the policy areas included in the original EAP, such as the emerging importance of climate change, transportation-related energy issues, and research and development activities. The CEC adopted an update to the EAP II in February 2008 that supplements the earlier EAPs State of California Energy Action Plan
The CEC is responsible for preparing the State Energy Action Plan, which identifies emerging trends related to energy supply, demand, conservation, public health and safety, and the maintenance of a healthy economy. The current plan is the 1997 California Energy Plan. The plan calls for the State to assist in the transformation of the transportation system to improve air quality, reduce congestion, and increase the efficient use of fuel supplies with the least environmental and energy costs. To further this policy, the plan identifies a number of strategies, including assistance to public agencies and fleet operators in implementing incentive programs for zero-emission vehicles and addressing their infrastructure needs; and encouragement of urban design that reduces VMT and accommodates pedestrian and bicycle access.

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Assembly Bill 1493
In response to AB 1493, CARB approved amendments to the California Code of Regulations (CCR) adding hicle emission standards. Amendments to CCR
Title 13 Sections 1900 (CCR 13 1900) and 1961 (CCR 13 1961), and adoption of Section 1961.1 (CCR 13 1961.1) require automobile manufacturers to meet fleet average GHG emission limits for all passenger cars, light-duty trucks within various weight criteria, and medium-duty passenger vehicle weight classes beginning with the 2009 model year. Emission limits are further reduced each model year through 2016.

For passenger cars and light-duty trucks 3,750 pounds or less loaded vehicle weight (LVW), the 2016 GHG emission limits are approximately 37 percent lower than during the first year of the regulations in 2009.

For medium-duty passenger vehicles and light-duty trucks 3,751 LVW to 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight (GVW), GHG emissions are reduced approximately 24 percent between 2009 and 2016. intent of the waiver is to allow California to enact emissions standards to reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from automobiles in accordance with the regulation amendments to the CCRs that fulfill the requirements of AB 1493. The EPA granted a waiver to California to implement its greenhouse gas emissions standards for cars.

Assembly Bill 1007
Assembly Bill 1007, (Pavley, Chapter 371, Statutes of 2005) directed the CEC to prepare a plan to increase the use of alternative fuels in California. As a result, the CEC prepared the State Alternative Fuels Plan in consultation with the state, federal, and local agencies. The plan presents strategies and actions California must take to increase the use of alternative non-petroleum fuels in a manner that minimizes costs to California and maximizes the economic benefits of in-state production. The Plan assessed various consumption, increase alternative fuels use, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and increase in-state production of biofuels without causing a significant degradation of public health and environmental quality.

Executive Order B-48-18: Zero-Emission Vehicles
In January 2018, EO B-48-18 was signed into law and requires all State entities to work with the private sector to have at least five million zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) on the road by 2030, as well as install 200 hydrogen fueling stations and 250,000 electric vehicle charging stations by 2025. It specifies that 10,000 of the electric vehicle charging stations should be direct current fast chargers. This Executive Order also requires all State entities to continue to partner with local and regional governments to streamline the evelopment is
required to publish a Plug-in Charging Station Design Guidebook and update the 2015 Hydrogen Station Permitting Guidebook to aid in these efforts. All State entities are required to participate in updating the 2016 Zero-Emissions Vehicle Acti -Emission
Vehicles 2016) to help expand private investment in ZEV infrastructure with a focus on serving low-income and disadvantaged communities. Additionally, all State entities are to support and recommend policies and actions to expand ZEV infrastructure at residential uses through the Low Carbon Fuel Standard Program, and recommend how to ensure affordability and accessibility for all drivers.

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California Building Energy Efficiency Standards
Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations, known as the Building Energy Efficiency Standards consumption. The standards are updated periodically to allow consideration and possible incorporation of new energy efficiency technologies and methods. On January 1, 2010, the California Building Standards Commission adopted CALGreen and became the first state in the United States to adopt a statewide green building standards code.

The 2019 update to the California Building Energy Efficiency Standards (the current version of the Standards) went into effect on January 1, 2020. The Standards are divided into three basic sets. First, there is a basic set of mandatory requirements that apply to all buildings. Second, there is a set of performance standards the energy budgets that vary by climate zone (of which there are 16 in California) and building type; thus, the Standards are tailored to local conditions. Finally, the third set constitutes an alternative to the performance standards, which is a set of prescriptive packages that are basically a recipe or a checklist compliance approach.

Renewable Portfolio Standard
In 2002, the Legislature enacted Senate Bill 1078 (Stats. 2002, ch. 516), which established the Renewables Portfolio Standard program, requiring retail sellers of electricity, including electrical corporations, community choice aggregators, and electric service providers, to purchase a specified minimum percentage of electricity generated by eligible renewable energy resources such as wind, solar, geothermal, small hydroelectric, biomass, anaerobic digestion, and landfill gas. (See Pub. Utilities Code, Section 399.11 et seq. [subsequently amended].) The legislation set a target by which 20 percent of the equired
by at least one percent per year so that 20 percent of its retail sales are procured from eligible renewable energy resources. If an electrical corporation fails to procure sufficient eligible renewable energy resources in a given year to meet an annual target, the electrical corporation would be required to procure additional eligible renewable resources in subsequent years to compensate for the shortfall, if funds are made available as described. An electrical corporation with at least 20 percent of retail sales procured from eligible renewable energy resources in any year would not be required to increase its procurement in the following year.

In 2006, the Legislature enacted Senate Bill 107 (Stats. 2006, ch. 464), which modified the Renewables Portfolio Standard to require that at least 20 percent of electricity retail sales be served by renewable energy resources by year 2010. (Pub. Utility Code, Section 399.11, subd (a) [subsequently amended].) Senate Bill X1-2 (Stats. 2011, 1st Ex. Sess., ch. 1) set even more aggressive statutory targets for renewable e from renewables
by 2020. This legislation applies to all electricity retailers in the State, including publicly owned utilities, investor-owned utilities, electricity service providers, and community choice aggregators. All of these entities must meet renewable energy goals of 20 percent of retail sales from renewables by the end of

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2013, 25 percent by the end of 2016, and 33 percent by the end of 2020. (See Pub. Utility Code, Section 399.11 et seq. [subsequently amended].)
SB 350, discussed above, increases the Renewable Portfolio Standard to require 50 percent of electricity generated to be from renewables by 2030. (Pub. Utility Code, Section 399.11, subd (a); see also Section 399.30, subd. (c)(2).) Of equal significance, Senate Bill 350 also embodies a policy encouraging a substantial increase in the use of electric vehicles. As noted earlier, Section 740.12(b) of the Public Utilities to file applications for programs and investments to accelerate widespread transportation electrification gases to 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 and to 80 percent b Executive Order, B-16-12, issued in 2012, embodied a similar vision of a future in which zero-emission vehicles (ZEV) will play a big part in helping the State meet its GHG reduction targets. Executive Order B16-12 directed State government to accelerate the market for in California through fleet replacement and electric vehicle infrastructure. The Executive Order set the following targets:

By 2020, the State will have established adequate infrastructure to support 1 million ZEVs in California;
By 2025, there will be 1.5 million ZEVs on the road in California; and By 2050, virtually all personal transportation in the State will be based on ZEVs, and GHG emissions from the transportation sector will be reduced by 80 percent below 1990 levels.

In 2018, Senate Bill 100 (Stats. 2018, ch. 312) revised the above-described deadlines and targets so that the State will have to achieve a 50 percent renewable resources target by December 31, 2026 (instead of by 2030) and achieve a 60 percent target by December 31, 2030. The legislation also establishes a State policy that eligible renewable energy resources and zero-carbon resources supply 100 percent of retail sales of electricity to California end-use customers and 100 percent of electricity procured to serve all State agencies by December 31, 2045.

In summary, California has set a statutory goal of requiring that, by 2030, 60 percent of the electricity generated in California should be from renewable sources, with increased generation capacity sufficient to allow the mass conversion of the statewide vehicle fleet from petroleum-fueled vehicles to electrical vehicles and/or other ZEVs. By 2045, all electricity must come from renewable resources and other carbon-free resources. Former Governor Brown had an even more ambitious goal for the State of achieving carbon neutrality as soon as possible and by no later than 2045. The Legislature is thus looking to California drivers to buy electric cars, powered by green energy, to help the State meet its aggressive statutory goal, created by SB 32, of reducing statewide GHG emissions by 2030 to 40 percent below 1990 levels. Another key prong to this strategy is to make petroleum-based fuels less carbon-intensive. A number of statutes in recent years have addressed that strategy. These are discussed immediately below.

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5.6.4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND THRESHOLDS
Consistent with Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines, the project will have a significant impact on the environment associated with energy use if it will:

Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation; and/or Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency.

METHODOLOGY
In order to determine whether or not the proposed project would result in a significant impact on energy use, this EIR includes an analysis of proposed Project energy use, as provided below. A description of the methodology used to estimate energy emissions is provided within the impact analysis.

The CEQA Guidelines require consideration of the potentially significant energy implications of a project. (Public Resources Code Section 21100, subdivision [b][3]). According to Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines, the means to achieve the goal of conserving energy include decreasing overall energy consumption, decreasing reliance on natural gas and oil, and increasing reliance on renewable energy violate State and federal energy standards and/or result in significant adverse impacts related to project energy requirements, energy inefficiencies, energy intensiveness of materials, cause significant impacts on local and regional energy supplies or generate requirements for additional capacity, fail to comply with existing energy standards, otherwise result in significant adverse impacts on energy resources, or conflict or create an inconsistency with applicable plan, policy, or regulation.

5.6.5 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
EN-1: Would the project result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation; or conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency?
Impact Analysis: The proposed Project is the General Plan Update, with a horizon year of 2040. Buildout of the General Plan includes residential, commercial, office, industrial, mixed-use, open space, and other land uses (see Section 3.0, Project Description for further detail). The amount of energy used in the Study Area at buildout would directly correlate to the type and size of development, the energy consumption associated with unit appliances, outdoor lighting, and energy use associated with other buildings and activities. Other major sources of Study Area energy consumption include fuel used by vehicle trips generated during construction and operational activities, and fuel used by off-road and on-road construction vehicles during construction. The following discussion provides calculated levels of energy use expected for future development accommodated by the General Plan Update, based on commonly us

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The following analysis provides an estimate of the energy consumption in the Study Area in buildout year 2040.

ELECTRICITY AND NATURAL GAS
At 2040
to power buildings (all types of buildings, including residential, commercial, office, industrial, public, etc.).

Total annual electricity (kWh) and natural gas (kBTU) usage associated with operational activities at General Plan Update buildout are shown in Table 5.6-1, Maximum Regional Construction Emissions (pounds/day), (as provided by CalEEMod). The analysis performed uses a 2040 buildout for a 20-year planning horizon.

Table 5.6-1
Maximum Regional Construction Emissions
Electricity (kWh/year) Natural Gas (kBTU/year) CO2e Emissions (MT/year) 361,278,840 906,158,370 525.72
Source: MD Acoustics, LLC, The City of San Jacinto 2040 General Plan Environmental Impact Report Greenhouse Gas Emissions, June 2022.

Appendix A: Calculation Details for CalEEMod, CalEEMod uses the California Commercial End Use Survey (CEUS) database to develop energy intensity value for non-residential buildings. The energy use from residential land uses is calculated based on the Residential Appliance Saturation Survey (RASS). Similar to CEUS, this is a comprehensive energy use assessment that includes the end use for various climate zones in California.

FUEL CONSUMPTION - ON-ROAD VEHICLES (OPERATION)
Implementation of the General Plan Update would generate vehicle trips during its operational phase.

Based on the Traffic Impact Analysis prepared for the Project (Appendix G), future development as a result of implementation of the General Plan Update could generate up to 3,830,656 vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per year; however, the Project itself does not propose any specific development. In order to calculate operational on-road vehicle energy usage and emissions, default trip lengths generated by CalEEMod were used, which are based on the Study Area location and urbanization level parameters. MD Acoustics selected within CalEEMod for the analysis in
the Greenhouse Gas Report (Appendix E). These values are provided by the individual districts or use a default average for the state, depending on the location of the project. Based on Year 2040 gasoline and diesel miles per gallon (MPG) factors for individual vehicle classes as provided by EMFAC2021, weighted MPG factors were derived for operational on-road vehicles of approximately 31.4 MPG for gasoline and

14.6 MPG for diesel vehicles. With this information, as a conservative estimate, it was calculated that onroad vehicle energy usage in the Study Area at buildout year 2040 would be approximately 121,261 gallons of gasoline and 15,347 gallons of diesel fuel per day, on average, or 44,260,184 annual gallons of gasoline and 5,601,716 annual gallons of diesel fuel annually.

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FUEL CONSUMPTION - ON-ROAD VEHICLES (CONSTRUCTION)
2040 buildout of the General Plan would also generate on-road vehicle trips during construction activities (from construction workers, vendors, and haulers). Estimates of vehicle fuel consumed were derived based on the assumed construction schedule, vehicle trip lengths, and number of workers per construction phase as provided by CalEEMod (v 2020.4.0), and Year 2040 gasoline and diesel MPG factors provided by EMFAC2021. Table 5.6-2, On-Road Mobile Fuel Generated by Project Construction Activities By Phase, describes gasoline and diesel fuel used by on-road mobile sources during each phase of the construction schedule. As shown, the vast majority of on-road mobile vehicle fuel used during the construction activities associated with buildout of the General Plan Update would occur during the building construction phase.

Table 5.6-2
On-Road Mobile Fuel Generated by Project Construction Activities By Phase Construction Phase
Total Daily
Worker
Trips
Total Daily
Vendor Trips
Total Daily
Hauling Trips
Gallons of
Gasoline Fuel
Gallons of
Diesel Fuel
Site Preparation 18 0 0 2,702 0
Grading 20 0 0 2,991 0
Paving 15 0 0 2,243 0
Building Construction 254 86 0 515,677 349,756
Architectural Coating 254 86 0 98,099 66,536
Total N/A N/A N/A 621,712 416,292
Source: MD Acoustics, LLC, The City of San Jacinto 2040 General Plan Environmental Impact Report Greenhouse Gas Emissions, June 2022.

OFF-ROAD VEHICLES (CONSTRUCTION)
Off-road construction vehicles would use diesel fuel during construction activities. A non-exhaustive list of off-road constructive vehicles expected to be used during construction activities includes: cranes, forklifts, generator sets, tractors, excavators, and dozers. Based on the total amount of CO2 emissions expected to be generated by buildout of the General Plan Update (as provided by the CalEEMod output in Appendices A and B of the Greenhouse Gas Report), and a CO2 to diesel fuel conversion factor (provided by the U.S. Energy Information Administration), future development as a result of implementation of the General Plan Update could use up to a total of 95,060 gallons of diesel fuel for off-road construction vehicles (during the site preparation and grading phases); however, the Project itself does not propose any specific development.

COMPLIANCE WITH STATEWIDE AND LOCAL ENERGY PLANS
Buildout of the General Plan Update would use energy resources for the operation of buildings (electricity and natural gas), for on-road vehicle trips (e.g., gasoline and diesel fuel), and from off-road construction activities (e.g. diesel fuel) associated with 2040 buildout of the General Plan Update. Each of these

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activities would require the use of energy resources. Developers of individual projects within the Study Area would be responsible for conserving energy, to the extent feasible, and would rely heavily on reducing per capita energy consumption to achieve this goal, including through Statewide and local measures.

Buildout of the General Plan Update would be in compliance with all applicable federal, State, and local regulations regulating energy usage. For example, SCE is responsible for the mix of energy resources used to provide electricity for its customers, and it is in the process of implementing the Statewide Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) to increase the proportion of renewable energy (e.g., solar and wind) within its energy portfolio.

SCE is expected to achieve at least 60 percent renewables by 2030, and 100 percent zero-carbon electricity by 2045 (in compliance with Senate Bill 100). Additionally, energy-saving regulations, including the latest applicable to future development
accommodated by the General Plan Update. Other Statewide measures, including those intended to improve the energy efficiency of the statewide passenger and heavy-duty truck vehicle fleet (e.g., the Pavley Bill and the Low Carbon Fuel Standard), would improve vehicle fuel economies, thereby conserving gasoline and diesel fuel. These energy savings would continue to accrue over time. Additionally, building new housing near new job opportunities would reduce commuting time and allow for opportunities for pedestrian transportation such as walking and biking to work, further reducing energy usage.

Furthermore, additional project-specific the sustainability features individual development projects could further energy consumption of individual projects. The General Plan Update would also be in compliance with the planning documents described previously within this section.

The General Plan Update would not conflict with any applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing energy use or increasing the use of renewable energy. This is a less than significant impact in this regard.

CONCLUSION
The General Plan Update includes policies and actions to support energy conservation and renewable energy, as well as reducing energy use. Policy MR-5.2 ensures compliance with all State requirements regarding generation of power and encourages energy providers to investigate the use or expansion of renewable sources of energy. Policy RM-5.3 promotes the development and use of renewable energy resources to reduce dependency on fossil fuels. Policy RM-5.4 promotes the use of energy-efficient materials, equipment, and design in public and private facilities and infrastructure. Policy RM-5.5 promotes energy conservation and recycling by the public and private sectors. Policy RM-5.8 promotes public education programs that advocate for reducing energy consumption, and promote renewable sources of energy. Action RM-5b implements energy conservation measures in public buildings by promoting energy efficient buildings and site design for all new public buildings during the site development permit process, as well as installing energy saving devices in new public buildings and retrofitting existing public buildings. Action RM-5c uses the development review process to encourage innovative building design, layout, and orientation techniques to minimize energy use by taking advantage of sun/shade patterns, prevailing winds, landscaping and building materials that control energy usage, and solar design. Action RM-5e continues to review development projects to ensure that all new public

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and private development complies with the California Code of Regulations, Title 24 standards as well as the energy efficiency standards established by the General Plan and the Municipal Code. Action RM-5f promotes the CEC
monitor energy use for participating businesses seeking to increase energy efficiency and realize cost savings. Action RM-5g encourages new development projects to install electrified space (HVAC) and water heating systems in lieu of natural gas systems, above and beyond the requirements of Title 24, before and during the building plan check process. Furthermore, connections exist between the Study Area and nearby pedestrian and bicycle pathways, and public transit access exists nearby, reducing the need for systems would provide further opportunities for alternative transit, the Study Area would be linked closely with existing networks that, in large part, are sufficient for most residents of the Study Area and neighboring communities.

As a result, the General Plan Update would not result in any significant adverse impacts related to Project energy requirements, energy use inefficiencies, and/or the energy intensiveness of materials by amount and fuel type for during General Plan Update buildout, including during construction, operations, maintenance, and/or removal. The City of San Jacinto would comply with all existing energy standards and would not result in significant adverse impacts on energy resources. For the reasons stated above, buildout of the General Plan Update would not be expected cause an inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary use of energy resources nor conflict with or obstruct a State or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency. This is a less than significant impact.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Goal RM-5: Energy and Mineral Resources. A community that safely manages its energy and mineral resources
Policy RM-5.1: San Jacinto Power. Continue to make clean, modern, and cost-effective energy options available to individuals who live and work in San Jacinto.

Policy RM-5.2: Compliance with State Legislation. Comply with all state requirements regarding the generation of power and encourage energy providers to investigate the use or expansion of renewable sources of energy.

Policy RM-5.3: Renewable Energy. Promote the development and use of renewable energy resources to reduce dependency on fossil fuels.

Policy RM-5.4: Energy-Efficient Materials. Promote the use of energy-efficient materials, equipment, and design in public and private facilities and infrastructure.

Policy RM-5.5: Energy Conservation. Promote energy conservation and recycling by the public and private sectors.

Policy RM-5.6: Energy Needs. Collaborate with local service providers in determining and meeting the needs of the community for energy in clean, modern, and cost-effective ways.

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Policy RM-5.7: Business Community. Support the decisions of the San Jacinto business community as they select and implement the most appropriate, financially feasible, and responsible energy source for their individual operations.

Policy RM-5.8: Public Education. Promote public education programs that advocate for reducing energy consumption, and promote renewable sources of energy.

Policy RM-5.9: Promote Energy Conservation in Existing Building Stock. Promote energy conservation by residents and businesses in existing structures, in close coordination with other agencies and local energy providers, including the SCAQMD and Southern California Edison.

Action RM-5a:
evaluate the effectiveness of the program every five years to identify programmatic ch
Action RM-5b: Implement energy conservation measures in public buildings through the following actions:

Promote energy efficient buildings and site design for all new public buildings during the site development permit process; and
Install energy saving devices in new public buildings and retrofit existing public buildings.

Action RM-5c: During the development review process, encourage innovative building design, layout, and orientation techniques to minimize energy use by taking advantage of sun/shade patterns, prevailing winds, landscaping and building materials that control energy usage, and solar design.

Action RM-5d: Promote retrofit programs by the City to reduce energy usage and consequently reduce emissions from energy consumption. Encourage utility companies to provide informational literature about available retrofit programs at public facilities such as City Hall, the Community Center , and libraries.

Action RM-5e: Continue to review development projects to ensure that all new public and private development complies with the California Code of Regulations, Title 24 standards as well as the energy efficiency standards established by the General Plan and the Municipal Code.

Action RM-5f:
to help benchmark and monitor energy use for participating businesses seeking to increase energy efficiency and realize cost savings.

Action RM-5g: Encourage new development projects to install electrified space (HVAC) and water heating systems in lieu of natural gas systems, above and beyond the requirements of Title 24, before and during the building plan check process.

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Action RM-5h: During the development review process, require that all new developments adjacent to or near natural gas lines, coordinate with So Cal Gas to install and connect to the lines, as feasible.

Action RM-5i: Advertise the San Jacinto Power PureGreen program and encourage San Jacinto Power customers to enroll in the program and opt-up to 100 percent renewable energy content.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.6.6 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
Impact Analysis: As future development projects are received and reviewed by the City in subsequent years, those projects would be reviewed for consistency with the General Plan Update and all relevant State-level programs and requirements. All future projects must implement the most current version of the Title 24 energy efficiency requirements, as required by State law. Consistency with the General Plan Update and other mandatory State-level programs would ensure that future project-level contributions to inefficient, wasteful or unnecessary energy use would be less than significant. Moreover, as identified above, buildout of the General Plan Update would not be expected cause an inefficient, wasteful, or unnecessary use of energy resources nor conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency. As a result, the proposed General Plan Update cumulative energy impacts would be less than cumulatively considerable.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions: Refer to the General Plan goals, policies, and actions cited above.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.6.7 SIGNIFICANT UNAVOIDABLE IMPACTS
Energy use impacts associated with the implementation of the General Plan Update would be less than significant. No significant unavoidable energy use impacts would occur as a result of the General Plan Update.

5.6.8 REFERENCES
California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA), Appendix A, Calculation Details for CalEEMod, October 2017.

California Air Resources Board (CARB), 2017, , https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/scopingplan/scoping_plan_2017.pdf, accessed October 2021.

California Climate Change Assessment, , 2019.

California Energy Commission, 2018, Tracking Overview. Renewable Energy Overview, https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/tracking-progress, accessed October 2021.

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California Energy Commission, 2019a, Energy Almanac, http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/overview/index.html, accessed August 2012.

California Energy Commission, 2019b, GHG Current California Emission Inventory Data, https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/inventory/data/data.htm, accessed October 2021.

California Environmental Protection Agency, Climate Action Team Report to Governor Schwarzenegger and the Legislature, December 2010, http://www.climatechange.ca.gov/climate_action_team/reports/, accessed October 2021.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2013, Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis, Summary for Policymakers, http://www.climatechange2013.org/images/report/WG1AR5_SPM_FINAL.pdf, accessed October 2021.

National Resources Defense Council, NRDC Fact Sheet: California Snowpack and the Drought, April 2014, https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/ca-snowpack-anddrought-FS.pdf, accessed October 2021.

MD Acoustics, LLC, The City of San Jacinto 2040 General Plan Environmental Impact Report Greenhouse Gas, June 2022.

United States Energy Information Administration (U.S. EIA), California State Profile and Energy Estimates, (last updated: November 15, 2018), https://www.eia.gov/state/?sid=CA, accessed October 2021.

United States Energy Information Administration (U.S. EIA), 2019a, Analysis and Projections: Short-term Energy Outlook, https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/steo/report/global_oil.php, accessed October 2021.

United States Energy Information Administration (U.S. EIA), 2019b, Independent Statistics and Analysis:

Frequently Asked Questions, https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=33&t=6, accessed October 2021.

U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System: 1960-2020, June 24, 2022.

Western Regional Council of Governments, WRCOG Subregional Climate Action Plan, May 2021.

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5.7 GEOLOGY AND SOILS

5.7.1 PURPOSE
This section identifies the existing geology, soils, and seismicity conditions within the Study Area and provides an analysis of potential impacts associated with implementation of the General Plan Update.

Potential impacts are identified and mitigation measures to address potentially significant impacts are recommended, as necessary.

This section is partially based upon the Cultural and Paleontological Resource Study for the General Plan Update and EIR: City of San Jacinto, Riverside County (Cultural Study), prepared by Duke Cultural Resources Management, LLC and dated December 2021; refer to Appendix D, Cultural Resources Assessment. 5.7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS
The City of San Jacinto is located within the Peninsular Ranges Geomorphic Province which extends from Mount San Jacinto in the north to Baja, California in the south. This Province includes parts of Riverside, San Bernardino, Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego counties. The Peninsular Ranges Geomorphic Province is located in the southwestern corner of California and is bounded by the Transverse Ranges Geomorphic Province to the north and the Colorado Desert Geomorphic Province to the east. This geomorphic province is characterized by elongated northwest-trending mountain ridges separated by sediment-floored valleys. Many faults to the west of the Salton Trough section of the San Andreas fault Zone, parallel this northwest-southeast trending fault zone and have taken up some of the strain of the San Andreas. The San Jacinto fault zone, at the base of the San Timoteo Badlands, is one such fault zone.

Peninsular Ranges
The Peninsular Ranges Geomorphic Province consists of a series of mountain ranges separated by long valleys, formed from faults branching from the San Andreas fault. The topographic trend is similar to the Coast Ranges, but the geology is more like the Sierra Nevada, with granitic rocks intruding the older metamorphic rocks. The City of San Jacinto is in the northeastern region of this Province, sitting in between the San Jacinto Mountains, which form the eastern border of the Province, and the Santa Ana Mountains.. Also included is the surrounding continental shelf (cut by deep submarine fault troughs). At the northern end of the province, Mount San Jacinto forms the dramatic backdrop to the Coachella Valley more than 10,000 feet below. The Peninsular Ranges extend south across the international border into Baja California, forming the spine of Baja California.

Regional Geology
The geology of Southern California formed as a result of complex plate tectonics and fault movement.

The most notable fault in Southern California, the San Andreas fault, is a right lateral strike-slip (or transform) fault that marks the boundary between the Pacific tectonic plate and the North American tectonic plate. Both plates are moving northward, but the Pacific plate is moving at a faster rate than

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the North American plate and the relative difference in the two rates results in movement along the San Andreas fault. Northwest of the Los Angeles basin, where the southern San Joaquin Valley meets the San Emigdio and Tehachapi Mountains, the orientation of the San Andreas fault changes from generally northwest to west-northwest. This portion of the fault system is known Another large fault in southern California, the left-lateral Garlock fault, intersects the San Andreas fault system at this location. This bend in the San Andreas fault system results in transpressional forces between the two tectonic plates, a geologic result of which was the uplift of the Transverse Ranges, including the San Gabriel Mountains.

San Jacinto lies in the San Jacinto Valley between the Lakeview Mountains on the west, the San Jacinto Mountains on the southeast and east, and the San Timoteo Badlands on the northeast. The topography of the area is a result of regional landforms, fault movements, climate, and erosion. Most of the City lies within the gentle sloping, valley floor. There is some minimal topography within the valley from incised drainage, but most of the valley is relatively flat. There are alluvial fans that have formed from sediment eroding from the Lakeview and San Jacinto Mountains. The San Jacinto River cuts through the City forming the eastern edge of the valley floor, crossing the northern boundary of the City and existing to the west, north of the Lakeview Mountains. Approximately 1,500 feet of vertical relief is present within the Study Area, due to the San Jacinto Mountains foothills. Several of the faults that are located near the City of San Jacinto are discussed in more detail below.

FAULTS
Faults are classified as Historic, Holocene, Late Quaternary, Quaternary, and Pre-Quaternary according to the age of most recent movement (California Geological Survey 2002). These classifications are described as follows:

Historic: faults on which surface displacement has occurred within the past 200 years; Holocene: shows evidence of fault displacement within the past 11,000 years, but without historic record;
Late Quaternary: shows evidence of fault displacement within the past 700,000 years, but may be younger due to a lack of overlying deposits that enable more accurate age estimates; Quaternary: shows evidence of displacement sometime during the past 1.6 million years; and Pre-Quaternary: without recognized displacement during the past 1.6 million years.

Faults are further distinguished as active, potentially active, or inactive. (California Geological Survey 2002).

Active: An active fault is a Historic or Holocene fault that has had surface displacement within the last 11,000 years;
Potentially Active: A potentially active fault is a pre-Holocene Quaternary fault that has evidence of surface displacement between about 1.6 million and 11,000 years ago; and Inactive: An inactive fault is a pre-Quaternary fault that does not have evidence of surface displacement within the past 1.6 million years. The probability of fault rupture is considered low; however, this classification does not mean that inactive faults cannot, or will not, rupture.

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There are two known fault zones located within the Study Area: the Alquist-Priolo fault zone and the County fault zone. Within these fault zones, there are a number of faults including: the San Jacinto fault, the Claremont fault, the Castile Canyon fault, the Dellamont fault, the Hot Springs Fault, the Park Hill fault, the Potero Creek fault, the Soboba fault, and other unnamed faults.

The Claremont fault (often mapped as the main San Jacinto fault) enters the San Jacinto Valley from the north and has been mapped in young alluvium. On the east side of the City the subparallel Casa Loma fault has been similarly mapped as it extends from the east side of the Lakeview Mountains to the northeast and southwest sides of Park Hill (City of San Jacinto 2021). Some of the prominent faults in the region are listed below, however it should be noted that this is not an exhaustive list. Figure 5.7-1, Fault Zones illustrates these fault zones and the location of local faults.

San Jacinto Fault (Claremont)
This active fault is similar to the San Andreas fault in that it is a large strike-slip fault that has been active for several million years. It has been the principal focus of historical release of strain in Southern California between the North American continental plate and Pacific Ocean plate. Surface rupture has been associated with several historic earthquakes on the fault. A maximum probable earthquake for the San Jacinto of M 7.2 (magnitude of 7.2 on the Richter Scale) is based upon historic seismicity and rupture length.

Whittier-Elsinore Fault
This active fault parallels the San Jacinto fault. In 1987, a M 5.9 (magnitude of 5.9 on the Richter Scale) earthquake occurred along a previously unknown thrust fault attached to this system. A maximum probable of M 6.7 (magnitude of 6.7 on the Richter Scale) is assigned to the Whitter-Elsinore fault.

San Andreas Fault
The San Andreas fault is approximately 30 miles north of the Study Area. This fault is widely recognized as the longest and most active fault in the state. It has been mapped from Cape Mendocino in northern California to an area near the Mexican border, a length of approximately 800 miles. Abundant evidence of historic earthquakes indicates that the fault is active, including those that have caused extensive surface rupture and displacement of recent sediments. Current work indicates that large earthquakes have occurred along the fault at widely varying intervals, but averaging 160 years. A maximum probable earthquake of M 8.3 (magnitude of 8.3 on the Richter Scale) has been assigned to the San Andreas fault in Southern California.

Sierra Madre Fault
The Sierra Madre fault is part of the San Gabriel Mountain frontal fault system. This fault zone has been responsible for uplift of mountains by reverse faulting in response to north-south compression. During the 1971 San Fernando earthquake, approximately seven feet of uplift occurred along the San Fernando and Tujunga faults (westward extensions of the Sierra Madre fault zone). The recurrence interval for large (M 6.0 to 7.0) earthquakes is estimated at 100 to 5,000 years. The Sierra Madre fault zone encompasses essentially all major faults in the foothill area of San Jacinto, including major surface traces in bedrock as well as sub-parallel faults in alluvial areas immediately to the south.

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Cucamonga Fault
The Cucamonga fault is an easterly extension of the Sierra Madre fault zone. It is considered active and has been mapped from the Lytle Creek area to at least the mouth of San Antonio Canyon, a distance of 10 miles. Geologically, recent movement has occurred just east of Glendora where granite basement rocks have been thrust over alluvial formation and in the vicinity of San Antonio, Deer, and Day Canyons to the east where relative uplift on the northern side has produced steep slopes approximately 200 feet high in recent alluvium.

SEISMIC HAZARDS
Seismic hazards include both rupture (surface and subsurface) along active faults and ground shaking, which can occur over wider areas. Ground shaking, produced by various tectonic phenomena, is the principal source of seismic hazards in areas devoid of active faults. All areas of the state are subject to some level of seismic ground shaking.

Several scales may be used to measure the strength or magnitude of an earthquake. Magnitude scales (ML) measure the energy released by earthquakes. The Richter scale, which represents magnitude at the earthquake epicenter, is an example of an ML. As the Richter scale is logarithmic, each whole number represents a 10-fold increase in magnitude over the preceding number. Table 5.7-1, Richter Magnitudes and Effects, represents effects that would be commonly associated with Richter Magnitudes.

Table 5.7-1
Richter Magnitudes and Effects
Magnitude Effects
< 3.5 Typically not felt

3.5 5.4 Often felt but damage is rare

5.5 6.0 Damage is slight for well-built buildings

6.1 6.9 Destructive potential over ±60 miles of occupied area

7.0 7.9 cause damage over larger areas
Source: De Novo Planning, City of San Jacinto General Plan Existing Conditions Report, 2021.

Strong ground shaking from an earthquake can result in damage associated with landslides, ground lurching, structural damage, and liquefaction. Major faults in the area, which have caused earthquakes and those with the potential to cause earthquakes and ground shaking, include the San Andreas fault, Elsinore fault, and other segments of the San Jacinto fault (also referred to as the Claremont fault) both northwest and southeast of the City.

The San Jacinto fault zone runs directly though the City of San Jacinto and is a right-lateral strike-slip fault. The fault zone is a large 244 km fault that consists of numerous individual fault segments (USGS).

The fault zone runs through Southern California, with portions of the fault in San Bernardino, Riverside,

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San Diego, and Imperial Counties. Within the San Jacinto fault zone, the Claremont fault and the Casa Loma fault are fault segments that are located in the San Jacinto City boundaries.

Table 5.7-2, Distance between Fault Lines and the City of San Jacinto, displays southern California fault segments near San Jacinto, and their approximate distances from the City boundary. It is important to note that the following table of faults in the region is not exhaustive. There is an abundance of small fault segments across the Southern California region, all of which are not named here. Table 5.7-2 identifies fault segments nearest to the City of San Jacinto.

Table 5.7-2
Distance between Fault Lines and the City of San Jacinto Fault Zone Fault Distance from City (Approximate)
Elsinore fault zone
Glen Ivy fault North 18 miles
Wildomar fault 18 miles
Willard fault 18 miles
Glen Ivy fault South 21 miles
Main Street fault 31 miles
Tin Mine fault 33 miles
Mount Eden Fault Mount Eden fault 3 miles
San Andreas fault zone
Casa Loma fault <1 mile
Claremont fault <1 mile
Banning fault 8 miles
Gandy Ranch fault 9 miles
Clark fault 9 miles
Mill Creek fault 17 miles
San Jacinto fault 19 miles
San Gorgonio Pass fault
zone Cherry Valley fault 9 miles
Source: Department of Conservation, Fault Activity Map of California, https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/fam/, 2022.

In addition to the major San Jacinto fault zone, other regional fault zones may have an impact on the City of San Jacinto or surrounding cities. Historically-active regional fault zones and their associated size and frequency are shown in Table 5.7-3, Historically Active and Active Fault Zones in the Region. One of the larger earthquakes to impact San Jacinto was on Christmas Day in 1899 when a 6.7 magnitude earthquake occurred and left six people dead and caused approximately $50,000 in property damages (over $1.7M in 2022 currency). Another notable earthquake was in 1918 when a 6.8 magnitude earthquake occurred and left one dead, several injured, and caused approximately $200,000 in property damage (over $3.8M in 2022 currency) (Department of Conservation 2019).

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Table 5.7-3
Historically Active and Active Fault Zones in the Region Fault Maximum Moment
Magnitude
Historical Seismicity
(Last 150 years)
Slip Rate
(mm/year)
Elsinore 7.5 M 6 (1910) 4.0
Newport-Inglewood 7.1 M 6.4 (1933) 1.0
Palos Verdes 7.3 -- 3.0
San Andres (Mojave section) 7.4 M 7.0 (1899) 30.0
San Gabriel 7.2 -- 1.0
San Jacinto 7.5 M 6.5 (1968) 7-17
San Jacinto* 6.7 (1899) >5.0
San Jacinto* 6.8 (1918) >5.0
Santa Monica 6.6 -- 1.0
Sierra-Madre (San Fernando section) 6.7 M 6.4 (1971) 2.0 Verdugo 6.9 -- 0.5
Whittier-Elsinore 6.8 M 5.9 (1987) 2.5
Source: De Novo Planning, City of San Jacinto General Plan Existing Conditions Report, 2021. *Source: California Department of Conservation, Historic Earthquake Online Database, https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/historicearthquakes/, 2022; and US Geologic Survey, US Quaternary Faults, https://usgs.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=5a6038b3a1684561a9b0aadf88412fcf, 2022.

The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 3, or UCERF3, is the latest official earthquake rupture forecast (ERF) for the State of California. It provides estimates of the likelihood and severity of potentially damaging earthquake ruptures in the long- and near-term. Combining this with ground motion models produces estimates of the severity of ground shaking that can be expected during a given period (seismic hazard), and of the threat to the built environment (seismic risk). This information is used to inform engineering design and building codes, planning for disaster, and evaluating whether earthquake insurance premiums are sufficient for the prospective losses.

UCERF3 was prepared by the Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP), a collaboration between the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the California Geological Survey (CGS), and the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC), with significant funding from the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The UCERF3 Model represents the latest model from the Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP). Results for the Los Angeles region faults, which includes the San Jacinto region, based on the UCERF3 are shown in Table 5.7-4, Likelihood of Having One or More Earthquakes by Size in the Next 30 Years (Starting from 2014).

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Table 5.7-4
Likelihood of Having One or More Earthquakes by Size in the Next 30 Years (Starting from 2014) Magnitude
(greater than or equal to)
Average repeat time
(years)
30-year likelihood of one or
more events
Readiness
5 1.4 100% 1.0
6 10 96% 1.0

6.7 40 60% 1.1
7 61 46% 1.2

7.5 109 31% 1.3
8 532 7% 1.3
Source: De Novo Planning, City of San Jacinto General Plan Existing Conditions Report, 2021.

The US Geologic Survey (USGS) Earthquake Probabilities predicts the probabilities of earthquakes within Greater California, the Southern California/Los Angeles Region, and the Northern California/San Francisco Region. The USGS Earthquake Probabilities predicts the probability that an earthquake will occur in the Los Angeles region within the next 30 years is:
60 percent that an earthquake measuring magnitude 6.7 will occur; 46 percent that an earthquake measuring magnitude 7 will occur; and 31 percent that an earthquake measuring magnitude 7.5 will occur.

In contrast, other scales describe earthquake intensity, which can vary depending on local characteristics. The Modified Mercalli Scale (MM) expresses earthquake intensity at the surface on a scale of I through XII. The San Jacinto area could experience considerable ground shaking generated by faults within or near the Study Area. For example, San Jacinto could experience an intensity of MM X generated by seismic events occurring along the San Jose, Sierra Madre, and Cucamonga faults. Table

5.7-5, Modified Mercalli Intensities and Effects, represents the potential effects of an earthquake based on the Modified Mercalli Intensities.

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Table 5.7-5
Modified Mercalli Intensities and Effects
MM Effects
I Not felt except by a very few under especially favorable conditions.

II Felt only by a few persons at rest, especially on upper floors of buildings.

III
Felt quite noticeably by persons indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings. Many people do not recognize it as an earthquake. Standing motor cars may rock slightly. Vibrations similar to the passing of a truck. Duration estimated.

IV
Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few during the day. At night, some awakened. Dishes, windows, doors disturbed; walls make cracking sound. Sensation like heavy truck striking building. Standing motor cars rocked noticeably.

V
Felt by nearly everyone; many awakened. Some dishes, windows broken. Unstable objects overturned.

Pendulum clocks may stop.

VI Felt by all, many frightened. Some heavy furniture moved; a few instances of fallen plaster. Damage slight.

VII Damage negligible in buildings of good design and construction; slight to moderate in well-built ordinary structures; considerable damage in poorly built or badly designed structures; some chimneys broken.

VIII
Damage slight in specially designed structures; considerable damage in ordinary substantial buildings with partial collapse. Damage great in poorly built structures. Fall of chimneys, factory stacks, columns, monuments, walls. Heavy furniture overturned.

IX Damage considerable in specially designed structures; well-designed frame structures thrown out of plumb. Damage great in substantial buildings, with partial collapse. Buildings shifted off foundations.

X
Some well-built wooden structures destroyed; most masonry and frame structures destroyed with foundations. Rails bent.

XI Total damage. Few, if any, structures standing. Bridges destroyed. Wide cracks in ground. Waves seen on ground.

XII Total damage. Waves seen on ground. Objects thrown up into air.

Source: De Novo Planning, City of San Jacinto General Plan Existing Conditions Report, 2021.

SEISMIC HAZARDS ZONES
Alquist-Priolo Fault Zone
-Priolo Act, is one that has ruptured within the
CGS identifies Earthquake Fault Zones.

These Earthquake Fault Zones are identified in Special Publication 42 (SP42), which is updated as new fault data become available. The SP42 lists all counties and cities within California that are affected by designated Earthquake Fault Zones. The Fault Zones are delineated on maps within SP42 (Earthquake Fault Zone Maps).

Southern California is a region of high seismic activity. Similar to most cities in the region, San Jacinto is subject to risks associated with potentially destructive earthquakes. The Study Area is located in the seismically active southern California region and lies specifically within the San Jacinto Fault Zone.

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Seismic Hazard Zones
The State Seismic Hazards Mapping Act (1990) addresses hazards along active faults. Seismic hazard zones are currently mapped within the Glendora, Mt Baldy, San Dimas, and Ontario quadrangles, and include areas mapped for liquefaction and earthquake including landslide hazards.

LIQUEFACTION
Liquefaction, which is primarily associated with loose, saturated materials, is most common in areas of sand and silt or on reclaimed lands. Cohesion between the loose materials that comprise the soil may be jeopardized during seismic events and the ground will take on liquid properties. Thus, liquefaction requires specific soil characteristics and seismic shaking. Liquefaction susceptibility based on soil types, deposit, and age is presented in Table 5.7-6, Liquefaction Potential Based on Sediment Type and Age of Deposit. Liquefaction zones are areas where historical occurrence of liquefaction, or local geological, geotechnical, and ground water conditions indicate a potential for permanent ground displacements such that mitigation as defined in Public Resources Code Section 2693(c) would be required. Figure 5.7- 2, Liquefaction Susceptibility, shows liquefaction susceptibility mapped within the Study Area. The Study Area includes delineated areas where liquefaction may occur during a strong earthquake. Most of the City is designated as having a moderate potential for liquefaction. The northern area of the City, located along the alluvial fan, and the southeast and southwest corners of the City are delineated as having a high to very high potential for liquefaction.

OTHER GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
Subsidence, expansive soils, landslides, and debris flows are the dominant geologic/geotechnical hazard risks within the City. There is a predominance of clay, silt, and fine-grained sand deposits beneath the valley floor that are sometimes soft, expansive, and prone to consolidation under building loads. The Lakeview Mountains h
material that is generally stable and suitable for foundations. Park Hill is composed on older uplifted alluvium that consists of sand, silt, and clay generally stable, but susceptible to debris slides (City of San Jacinto 2021).

Soils
According to the Natural Resource Conservation Service (2019), there are 24 different soil series located in the Study Area. Figure 5.7-3, NRCS Soils Map, presents the soils located in the Study Area. Although there are 74 soil types, some of the types fall within the same soil series. The soil series include:

Badlands, Chino, Cieneba, Cortina, Dello, Escondido, Friant, Gorgonio, Grangeville, Greenfield, Hanford, Metz, Monserate, Pachappa, Ramona, San Emigdio, San Timoteo, Soboba, Terrace, Traver, Tujunga, Vista, Waukena, and Willows.

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Table 5.7-6
Liquefaction Potential Based on Sediment Type and Age of Deposit Sediment
Susceptibility Based on Age of Deposits (Years Before Present) Modern (<500) Holocene
(<10,000)
Pleistocene (<2
Million)
Pre-Pleistocene
(>2 Million)
River Channel Very High High Low Very Low
Flood Plain High High High High
Alluvial Fan/Plain Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate
Lacustrine/Playa Low Low Low Low
Colluvium Very Low Very Low Very Low Very Low
Talus Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate
Loess Low Low Low Low
Glacial Till Low Low Low Low
Tuff Very Low Very Low Very Low Very Low
Tephra High High High High
Residual Soils Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate
Sebka Low Low Low Low
Un-compacted Fill Very Low Very Low Very Low Very Low
Compacted fill High High High High
Source: De Novo Planning, City of San Jacinto General Plan Existing Conditions Report, 2021.

Erosion
The U.S. Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) delineates soil units and compiles soils data as part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. The following description of erosion factors is provided by the NRCS Physical Properties Descriptions:

Erosion factor K indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill erosion by water. Values of K range from 0.02 to 0.69. Other factors being equal, the higher the value, the more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill erosion by water. Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the whole soil, whereas Kf indicates the erodibility of the fine soils. The estimates are modified by the presence of rock fragments.

Soil erosion data for the City of San Jacinto was obtained from the NRCS. As identified by the NRCS web soil survey, the erosion factor K within the Study area varies from 0.05 to 0.49, which is considered a low to moderately high potential for erosion.

Expansive Soils
The NRCS delineates soil units and compiles soils data as part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey.

The NRCS provides a description of linear extensibility (also known as shrink-swell potential or expansive potential). The shrink-swell potential is low if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than three percent;

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moderate if three to six percent; high if six to nine percent; and very high if more than nine percent. If the linear extensibility is more than three, shrinking and swelling can cause damage to buildings, roads, and other structures and to plant roots; special design is commonly needed.

The linear extensibility of the soils within San Jacinto ranges from Low to High. Figure 5.7-4, Shrink-Swell Potential of Soils, illustrates the shrink-swell potential of soils in the Study Area. The majority of the Study Area has low expansive soils, including most of the developed land. The areas with high expansive soils represent only a very small portion of the Study Area and would require special design considerations due to shrink-swell potentials.

Landslides
CGS classifies landslides with a two-part designation based on the research of Varnes (1978) and Cruden and Varnes (1996). The designation captures both the type of material that failed and the type of movement that the failed material exhibited. Material types are broadly categorized as either rock or soil, or a combination of the two for complex movements. Landslide movements are categorized as falls, topples, spreads, slides, or flows.

Landslide potential is influenced by physical factors, such as slope, soil, vegetation, and precipitation.

Landslides require a slope, and can occur naturally from seismic activity, excessive saturation, and wildfires, or from human-made conditions such as construction disturbance, vegetation removal, wildfires, etc. Landslides and debris flows can occur rapidly and without warning during periods of exceptionally high rainfall. Although rockfall hazards are low in the City, mudflows are more likely to occur. Due to the predominant underlying geologic formations and topography, the eastern foothills are most susceptible to mud debris flows, and to a lesser extent the western Lakeview Mountains. The risk of debris flow hazard is considered moderate to high in these areas of San Jacinto. The relatively significant amounts of clay present in the sediments underlying the valley in the alluvial formations can pose an expansive soils hazard. Soils overlying these formations are considered moderately to highly expansive (City of San Jacinto 2021).

Figure 5.7-5, Landslide Susceptibility, illustrates the landslide potential in the vicinity of the Study Area.

Given the proximity of the mountains to the Study Area, the landslide potential is high in select areas in the northern and western edges of the City. However, the landslide potential decreases in the central and southern portion of the Study Area, as one moves from the mountains towards the valley.

Earthquake Induced Landslides
Earthquake-Induced Landslide Zones are areas where previous occurrence of landslide movement, or local topographic, geological, geotechnical, and subsurface water conditions indicate a potential for permanent ground displacements such that mitigation as defined in Public Resources Code Section 2693(c) would be required. There are no earthquake-induced landslide seismic hazard zones mapped within the San Jacinto Study Area.

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Subsidence
Subsidence is the settlement of soils of very low density generally from either oxidation of organic material, or desiccation and shrinkage, or both, following drainage. Subsidence takes place gradually, usually over a period of several years.

In Riverside County, collapsible soils most often occur at the bases of the mountains, where Holoceneaged alluvial sediments have been deposited during rapid runoff events. Typically, differential settlement of structures occurs when lawns or plantings are heavily irrigated in close proximity to a the Existing Conditions Report for Riverside County General Plan (Geology & Soils Section), a large majority of the City of San Jacinto is within a subsidence zone and has had documented subsidence.

Collapsible Soils
Hydroconsolidation occurs when soil layers collapse, or settle, as water is added under loads. Natural deposits susceptible to hydroconsolidation are typically aeolian, alluvial, or colluvial materials, that have a high apparent strength when dry. The dry strength of the materials may be attributed to the clay and silt constituents in the soil and the presence of cementing agents (i.e., salts). Capillary tension may tend to bond soil grains. Once these soils are subjected to excessive moisture and foundation loads, the constituency including soluble salts or bonding agents is weakened or dissolved, capillary tensions are reduced and collapse occurs resulting in settlement. Existing alluvium within the Study Area may be susceptible to collapse and excessive settlements, which could create the risk of hydroconsolidation if these soils were exposed to excessive moisture.

Naturally Occurring Asbestos
serious human health effects. Naturally occurring asbestos is commonly associated with ultramafic rocks and serpentinite. Ultramafic rocks, such as dunite, peridotite, and pyroxenite are igneous rocks comprised largely of iron-magnesium minerals. As they are intrusive in nature, these rocks often serpentinite is a common product of the alteration process. According to the Riverside County General Plan Existing Conditions Report and the CGS, there is no naturally occurring asbestos mapped within San Jacinto.

Tsunami/Seiche
Tsunamis and seiches are standing waves that occur in the ocean or relatively large, enclosed bodies of water that can follow seismic, landslide, and other events from local sources (California, Oregon, Washington coast) or distant sources (Pacific Rim, South American Coast, Alaska/Canadian coast). The City of San Jacinto is not within a tsunami or seiche hazard area. However, the City's water tanks, reservoirs, lakes, and swimming pools are enclosed bodies of water that are subject to potentially damaging oscillation, or seiches during earthquakes. Potential dam failure is addressed in Section 5.10, Hydrology and Water Quality.

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PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES
The geologic history of the San Jacinto area, similar to much of California, is long and complex, with the modern landscape largely dictated by the San Andreas fault zone. The geologic units exhibited in San Jacinto record three major episodes of geologic history that collectively form the San Jacinto Valley as it exists today. This geologic history is represented by nine geologic units, which have collectively produced multiple fossil documented localities. Individual geologic units, and their paleontological sensitivities, are described below and summarized in Table 5.7-7, Geologic Units and Their Paleontological Potential. Figure 5.7-6, Paleontological Sensitivity, shows the level of sensitivity of the underlying geologic units for paleontological resources.

Table 5.7-7
Geologic Units and Their Paleontological Potential
Age Geologic Unit Fossils Present Paleontological
Sensitivity
Holocene
Landslide debris (Qls) None Low
Surficial sediments (Qa, Qg) None High at depth
Pleistocene Older surficial sediment
(Qoa, Qog)
Horse, mammoth, bison, frog,
even-toed hooved mammal, bird,
toad, camel, glossy snake,
kangaroo rat, three-spined
stickleback, alligator lizard, tree
frog, black-tailed jackrabbit,
California vole, meadow vole, pack
rat, pocket mouse, deer mouse,
ground squirrel, amber snail,
cottontail rabbit, smooth-toothed
pocke gopher, land snail, snake,
New World rodent, horse, western
horse, freshwater snail, gastropod,
rabbit/hare, mollusc, boney fish,
ostracod, bivalve, North American
spiny lizard, left-handed snail,
moss snail, pond frog, broadfooted mole, spiny lizard, snake, western spadefoot toad, centipede
snake, silky vallonia, multiribbed
vallonia, whorl snail
High at surface
Bautista Formation (QTs) Horse, damselfly High at surface Pliocene

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Table 5.7 7 (continued)
Geologic Units and Their Paleontological Potential
Age Geologic Unit Fossils Present Paleontological
Sensitivity
Miocene Mount Eden Formation (Tme, Tmer) Camel, deer, horse, rhinoceros High at surface Cretaceous Plutonic rocks (gr, qdh, qdi, qdx) None Low
Mesozoic
to
Paleozoic
Migmatite (mig) None Low
Metasedimentary rocks (ms) None Low
Mafic igneous rocks (di) None Low
Note:

1. The geologic units may overlap multiple ages.

Mount Eden Formation (Tme, Tmer)
The first sedimentary deposits to result from uplift of the San Jacinto Mountains was the Mount Eden Formation, deposited during the Miocene Epoch (23 to 5.3 million years ago). Occurring only in the western San Jacinto Mountains, the Mount Eden Formation is composed of diverse classics, including siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate, and breccia, typically of a red to reddish brown. However, within the Sphere of Influence (SOI), the Mount Eden formation is only represented by sandstone at the base of the mountains in the north central border, and conglomerates in the San Jacinto Mountains, along the north central and northeastern borders. These sediments were eroded from the San Jacinto Mountains by fluvial and alluvial activity, which carried them to the lower valley floor, sometime accumulating in lacustrine environments. Ultimately, the Mount Eden Formation reached a maximum thickness of 2,000 feet.

The climate in Southern California, and globally, grew warmer and more humid during the Miocene. The grasslands spread extensively throughout North America, giving rise to familiar ungulate grassland fauna, as well as less familiar forms such as gomphotheriids, four tusked relatives of modern elephants, and merycoidodontids, a widespread fauna resembling a combination between sheep, camel, and pig.

The marine environment was also experiencing faunal change, with a diverse array of whales and boney fish, that ultimately winnowed to ancestors of the modern marine fauna. The Mount Eden Formation has not produced any fossil localities within the SOI, but has produced remains of camel (Camelidae), deer (Cervidae), horse (Equidae), and rhinoceros (Teleoceras hicksi) to the northwest at Eden Hot Springs, and camel (Pliauchenia merriami and Titanotylopus) to the northwest near the intersection of Eden Hot Springs Road and Gilman Springs Road. Due to their history of producing fossil material, deposits of the Mount Eden Formation are assigned a high paleontological sensitivity at the surface.

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Bautista Formation (QTs)
In contrast to the fluvio-lacustrine deposition of the Mount Eden Formation, the increased uplift in the San Jacinto Fault Zone resulted in debris flow deposition from alluvial fans emanating from the San Jacinto Mountains. The resulting Bautista Formation is composed of deposits ranging from siltstone to arkosic sandstone to boulder conglomerate; however, in the SOI, the Bautista Formation is represented predominantly by arkosic sandstone beds in the San Jacinto Mountains in the far eastern portion of the SOI, and in Park Hill to the southeast. Ultimately, the Bautista Formation reached a maximum thickness of 2,000 feet.

The Pliocene climate in Southern California was warmer and more humid than today, markedly so in the area of the San Jacinto fault zone. The shallow inland sea at the beginning of the Pliocene Epoch began to recede, but the local environment remained rich in riparian habitat and broadleaf forests. Hardwoods such as avocado, cottonwood, willow, and buckeye are common in Pliocene deposits, and a diverse fauna is preserved ranging from whales, marine mammals, and marine invertebrates in early deposits to gomphotheriids and equids in later deposits. The Bautista Formation has produced fossil remains of damselfly (Enallagma kirkbyae) in the foothills of the San Jacinto Mountains in the far eastern end of the SOI. In addition, deposits of the Bautista Formation have produced fossil remains of horse (Equus bautistensis) to the southeast in Sand Canyon. Due to their history of producing fossil material, deposits of the Bautista Formation are assigned a high paleontological sensitivity at the surface.

Older Surficial Sediments (Qoa, Qog)
Sedimentation in the San Jacinto Valley continued into the Pleistocene Epoch (2.5 million years ago to 11,700 years ago), with alluvial fan deposition continuing along the slopes of the San Jacinto Mountains.

These deposits are now represented by sand and gravel, found at the base of the Lakeview and San Jacinto Mountains in the northeastern and western portions of the SOI, respectively.

The climate of Southern California during the Pleistocene was cooler and likely moister than the modern Mediterranean climate. In contrast to the harsh, cold conditions in high latitudes near the ice sheets, Southern California experienced a relatively milder climate. During this time, the area was inhabited by sloths, as well as the first human inhabitants in the area.

Older surficial sediments produced multiple fossil localities, in and extending outwards from the southwestern portion of the Study Area, during construction of the Casa Loma Canal for the Eastside Pipeline Project, a portion of the Diamond Valley Reservoir Project. These localities produced fossil material from over 50 Pleistocene-age terrestrial fauna, including frog (Anura), even-toed hooved mammal (Artiodactyla), bird (Aves), toad (Bufo), camel (Camelops), glossy snake (Arizona elegans), kangaroo rat (Dipodomys), three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), alligator lizard (Gerrhonotus), tree frog (Hyla), black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus), California vole (Microtus californicus), meadow vole (Microtus), pack rat (Neotoma), pocket mouse (Perognathus), deer mouse (Peromyscus), ground squirrel (Spermophilius), amber snail (Succinea avara), cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus), smooth-toothed pocke gopher (Thomomys), land snail (Cionella lubrica), snake (Colubridae), New World rodent (Cricetidae), horse (Equus), western horse (Equus occidentalis), freshwater snail

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(Helicidae), rabbit/hare (Lepus), mollusc (Mollusca), boney fish (Osteichthyes), ostracod (Ostracoda), bivalve (Pelecypoda), North American spiny lizard (Phrynosomatidae), left-handed snail (Physa), moss snail (Pupilla), pond frog (Rana), broad-footed mole (Scapanus latimanus), spiny lizard (Sceloporus), snake (Serpentes), western spadefoot toad (Spea hammondii), centipede snake (Tantilla), silky vallonia (Vallonia cyclophorella), multiribbed vallonia (Vallonia gracilicosta), and whorl snail (Vertigo). In addition, similarly aged deposits near the SOI have produced fossil material of horse (Equus) to the northwest, mammoth (Mammuthus) and bison (Bison) to the southwest at Skinner Reservoir, and mammoth (Mammuthus) to the southwest along Tucalota Creek. Due to their history of producing fossil material, the older surficial sediments are assigned a high paleontological sensitivity at the surface.

Surficial Sediments (Qa, Qg)
Uplift and slip continued along the San Jacinto fault zone into the Holocene Epoch (11,700 years ago to today), and erosion and sedimentation consequently continued as well, with contributions from the northwest-flowing San Jacinto River. Adjacent to the San Jacinto River are alluvial deposits of sand and gravel (Qg), with the remainder of the valley floor dominated by alluvial deposits of sand and clay (Qa), the most common geologic unit in the SOI. The upper deposits of surficial sediments are too young to have accumulated or preserved significant amounts of biologic material; they are assigned a low sensitivity at the surface. However, the surficial sediments in the valley floor overlie older, highersensitivity older surficial sediments (Qoa, Qog), which are assigned a high paleontological sensitivity. The fossil material recovered during the Eastside Pipeline occurred underneath low-sensitivity surficial sediments. As a results, surficial sediments are assigned a high sensitivity at depth.

In the SOI, the Lakeview and San Jacinto Mountains are represented by Paleozoic to Mesozoic plutonic rocks (gr, qdh, qdi, qdx), metasedimentary rocks (ms), mafic igneous rocks (di), and migmatite (mig). Due to the igneous/metamorphic nature of these rocks, they have no potential to contain paleontological resources, and are assigned a low paleontological sensitivity. An additional geologic unit that occurs along the slopes of the San Jacinto Valley in the northeastern portion of the SOI is landslide debris (Qls).

These are interpreted to represent Holocene-age mass wasting events (e.g. debris flows) and appear to be sourced by plutonic and metasedimentary rocks, so are therefore assigned a low paleontological sensitivity.

Landslide Debris (Q1s)
An additional geologic unit that occurs along the slopes of the San Jacinto Valley in the northeastern portion of the SOI is landslide debris. These are interpreted to represent Holocene-age mass wasting events (e.g. debris flows) and appear to be sourced by plutonic and metasedimentary rocks, so are therefore assigned a low paleontological sensitivity.

5.7.3 REGULATORY SETTING

FEDERAL
International Building Code (IBC)
The purpose of the International Building Code (IBC) is to provide minimum standards to preserve the public peace, health, and safety by regulating the design, construction, quality of materials, certain

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equipment, location, grading, use, occupancy, and maintenance of all buildings and structures. IBC standards address foundation design, shear wall strength, and other structurally related conditions.

Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act
The Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 established the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP). Under the NEHRP, four federal agencies have responsibility for long-term earthquake risk reduction: the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). and
vulnerability; improvements of building codes and land use practices; risk reduction through postearthquake investigation and education; development and improvement of design and construction techniques; improvement of mitigation capacity; and accelerated application of research results.

STATE
Earthquake Fault Zoning Act (Alquist-Priolo Act)
The State of California Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act (1972) was established to mitigate the hazard of surface faulting to structures for human occupancy. Pursuant to the act, the state geologist has established regulatory zones (known as earthquake fault zones) around surface traces of active faults. These have been mapped for affected cities, including San Jacinto. Application for a development permit for any project within a delineated earthquake fault zone is required to be accompanied by a geologic report, prepared by a geologist registered in the state of California, that is directed to the problem of potential surface fault displacement through a project site.

Seismic Hazards Mapping Act
The Seismic Hazard Mapping Act (SHMA) was adopted by the State in 1990 to protect the public from the effects of non-surface fault rupture earthquake hazards, including strong ground shaking, liquefaction, seismically induced landslides, ground amplification, or other ground failure caused by earthquakes. The goal of the act is to minimize loss of life and property by identifying and mitigating seismic hazards. The CGS is the primary agency responsible for the implementation of the SHMA. The CGS prepares maps identifying seismic hazard zones and provides them to local governments, which include areas susceptible to amplified shaking, liquefaction, earthquake-induced landslides, and other ground failures. SHMA requires responsible agencies to only approve projects within these zones following a site-specific investigation to determine if the hazard is present, and if so, the inclusion of appropriate mitigation(s). In addition, the SHMA requires real estate sellers and agents at the time of sale to disclose whether a property is within one of the designated seismic hazard zones.

California Building Standards Code (Title 24)
Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations (CCR) provides state regulations that govern the design and construction of buildings, associated facilities, and equipment. These regulations are also known as building standards (reference California Health and Safety Code Section 18909). Cities and counties are required by state law to enforce CCR Title 24, and may adopt ordinances making more restrictive requirements than provided by CCR Title 24 due to local climatic, geological, or topographical conditions.

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Caltrans Seismic Design Criteria
The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) has Seismic Design Criteria (SDC), which is an encyclopedia of new and currently practiced seismic design and analysis methodologies for the design of new bridges in California. The SDC adopts a performance-based approach specifying minimum levels of structural system performance, component performance, analysis, and design practices for ordinary standard bridges. The SDC has been developed with input from the Caltrans Offices of Structure Design, Earthquake Engineering and Design Support, and Materials and Foundations. Memo 20-1 Seismic Design Methodology (Caltrans 1999) outlines the bridge category and classification, seismic performance criteria, seismic design philosophy and approach, seismic demands and capacities on structural LOCAL
County of Riverside Ordinance No. 547- Implementation of the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act County of Riverside Ordinance No. 547 establishes the policies and procedures used by the County to implement the Alquist-Priolo Act by requiring all projects proposed shown on the maps prepared by the State Geologist to comply with the provisions of the Alquist-Priolo Act. It establishes regulations for construction, including for grading, slopes and compaction, erosion control, retaining wall design and earthquake fault zone setbacks.

City of San Jacinto Municipal Code
Chapter 8.56, Surface Mining and Reclamation, establishes the proper standards of reclamation pertaining to topsoil and vegetation.

Chapter 13.44, Storm Water Management
discharge controls ordinance.

Chapter 15.04, Construction Codes, adopts various codes with modifications as part of the building code for the City of San Jacinto, including, but not limited to, the Uniform Administrative Code, the California Building Code, Green Building Code, and the Energy Code.

Chapter 15.54, Earthquake Hazard Reduction Code, establishes minimum standards for structural seismic resistance established primarily to reduce the risk of life loss or injury. The chapter provides systematic procedures and standards for identification and classification of unreinforced masonry bearing wall buildings based on their present use. Priorities, time periods, and standards are also established under which these buildings are required to be structurally analyzed and anchored. Where the analysis finds deficiencies, the chapter requires the building to be strengthened or demolished.

Chapter 15.28, Hillside Development, regulates development of hillside areas by relating the number and distribution of dwelling units and other buildings to the topography to prevent disfigurement of the terrain through extensive cut and fill. These regulations are also designed to minimize danger to life and property due to the hazards of fire, flood soil erosion, seepage, and destruction of natural topography and plant material.

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Section 16.24.110, Grading Improvements, requires that the land division of a subdivision will be graded so that adequate drainage is provided for each lot and requires that the land divider file a soils report for the grading operation of a land division.

Chapter 16.28, Soil Reports, establish requirements, waiver, and investigation requirements with regards to soil reports pursuant to Government Code Section 66490 and 66491.

Chapter 17.500, Archaeological and Paleontological Resource Protection, establishes requirements intended to ensure that appropriate safeguards are established and followed in order to protect archaeological and paleontological resources whose potential location is identified, or which are actually discovered as a result of development activity.

Section 17.600.100, Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) Required, requires new developments or modifications to existing development are designed to control pollutants in storm water and urban runoff in order to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of receiving waters. The City Engineer will have the authority to approve the Best Management Practices (BMPs).

5.7.4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND THRESHOLDS
Appendix G of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines contains the Initial Study Environmental Checklist, which includes questions related to geology and soils. The issue presented in the Initial Study Environmental Checklist have been utilized as thresholds of significant in this section.

Accordingly, a project may create a significant environmental impact if it would:

Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving;
o Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42;
o Strong seismic ground shaking;
o Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction; and o Landslides.

Result in substantial soil erosion of the loss of topsoil; Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse;
Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Tables 18-1-D of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property; Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water; and/or

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Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature.

5.7.5 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
GS-1: Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving rupture of a known earthquake fault, strong seismic ground shaking, seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction, or landslides?
Impact Analysis: The Study Area, like the rest of Southern California, is situated within a seismically active region as the result of being located near the active margin between the North American and Pacific tectonic plates. Development associated with the General Plan Update could expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving fault rupture, strong seismic ground shaking, seismic-related ground failure (i.e., liquefaction), and seismic-related landslides.

The Study Area lies specifically within the San Jacinto fault zone. Within this fault zone, there are a number of faults including: the San Jacinto fault, the Claremont fault, the Castile Canyon fault, the Dellamont fault, the Hot Springs fault, the Park Hill fault, the Potero Creek fault, the Soboba fault, and other unnamed faults. Figure 5.7-1 illustrates the location of these faults. Rupture of any of these faults, or of an unknown fault in the region, could cause seismic ground shaking. As a result, future development in the City of San Jacinto may expose people or structures to potential adverse effects associated with a seismic event, including rupture of a known earthquake fault, strong ground shaking and seismic-related ground failure.

Strong ground shaking can result in liquefaction. As shown in Figure 5.7-2, most of the Study Area is designated as having a moderate potential for liquefaction. The northern area of the City, located along the alluvial fan, and the southeast and southwest corners of the City are delineated as having a high to very high potential for liquefaction.

Seismically induced landslides are common occurrences during or soon after earthquakes. Landslide potential is influenced by physical factors, such as slope, soil, vegetation, and precipitation. Landslides require a slope, and can occur naturally from seismic activity, excessive saturation, and wildfires, or from human-made conditions such as construction disturbance and vegetation removal, etc. There are no earthquake-induced landslide seismic hazard zones mapped within the San Jacinto Study Area.

However, given the proximity of the mountains to the Study Area, some areas could be susceptible to seismically induced landslides.

As shown in Figure 5.7-1, the Alquist-Priolo fault zone runs two parallel tracks through the City; one fault runs through the western portion of the City, and one fault runs through the Sphere of Influence in the eastern portion of the Study Area. Any development within an Alquist-Priolo fault zone would be required to comply with regulatory requirements of the State of California Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act, which requires any proposed development to prepare a geologic report to address the potential for surface fault displacement within the Project site. Future development projects would be

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required to comply with the provisions of the California Building Standards Code (CBSC), which requires development projects to: perform geotechnical investigations in accordance with State law, engineer improvements to address potential seismic and ground failure issues, and use earthquake-resistant construction techniques to address potential earthquake loads when constructing buildings and improvements. As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City, each project will be evaluated for conformance with the CBSC, General Plan, San Jacinto Municipal Code, and other regulations. Subsequent development and infrastructure would also be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the requirements of CEQA. In addition to the requirements associated with the CBSC and the Municipal Code, the General Plan includes policies and actions in both the Public Safety Element and Resource Management Element to address potential impacts associated with seismic activity. For example, Policy PSseismic hazards map (Figure PS-1 in the Public Safety Element). Policy PS 1.2 requires the enforcement damage associated with seismic activity. Policy PS-1.5 requires the assessment and mitigation of hazards related to liquefaction, landslides, and flooding for new development projects or City improvement projects that are identified by the City as susceptible to these hazards. The Resource Management Element includes Action RM-1g, to ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented during the development review process.

Development projects are reviewed to address seismic safety issues and would be required to provide adequate mitigation for existing and potential hazards identified. With the implementation of the policies and actions in the General Plan, as well as applicable State and City codes, potential impacts associated with a seismic event, including rupture of an earthquake fault, seismic ground shaking, liquefaction, and landslides would be less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Goal PS-1: Seismic and Geologic Hazards: A community that is adequately prepared for natural hazards related to landslides, geologic instability, and seismic activity.

Policy PS-1.1: Geologic Hazard Identification.
(Figure PS-1) in concert with updates from the California Geologic Survey and local surveys, and update as appropriate.

Policy PS-1.2: Earthquake Protection. Enforce State seismic design guidelines and all relevant building codes to reduce the risk of damage associated with seismic activity.

Policy PS-1.3: Fault Zones. Encourage landscaped open space uses for areas within identified fault zones and limit the development of new sensitive uses in these areas.

Policy PS-1.4: Liquefaction. Require site-specific studies in areas subject to liquefaction to determine the nature and extent of potential liquefaction and to identify engineering and development siting measures to permit development to occur safely.

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Policy PS-1.5: Development. Require assessment and mitigation of hazards related to liquefaction, landslides, and flooding for new development projects or City improvement projects that are identified by the City as susceptible to these hazards.

Policy PS-1.6: Impact Reduction. Reduce the risk of impacts from geologic and seismic hazards by applying proper and up to date land use planning, development engineering, building construction, and retrofitting requirements.

Policy PS-1.8: Critical Facilities. Require new critical infrastructure and facilities that may be built in the City to incorporate site specific seismic structural design as required by applicable building codes.

Action PS-1a: Review development proposals to ensure compliance with California Health and Safety Code Section 19100 et seq. (Earthquake Protection Law), which requires that buildings be designed to resist stresses produced by natural forces such as earthquakes and wind.

Action PS-1b: Update building, zoning, and grading codes as needed to ensure adopted standards mitigate potential seismic hazards and comply with the Alquist-Priolo Act and Unreinforced Masonry Law.

Action PS-1d: Reduce the risk to the community from hazards related to geologic conditions, seismic activity, flooding, and wildfires by requiring feasible mitigation of such impacts on development projects. Assess development proposals for potential hazards pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act. Require measures to mitigate all identified significant public safety hazards.

Action PS-1e: Where the threat from natural hazards (such as fault rupture or flooding) cannot be mitigated, use open space easements and other regulatory techniques to prohibit development and avoid public safety hazards. Where feasible, permit the joint-use of preserve areas and easements such as seismic faults and drainage basins for open space and recreational uses.

Action PS-1f: To minimize damage from earthquakes and other geologic activity, adopt and implement the most recent State seismic requirements for structural design of new development and redevelopment.

Action PS-1g: During review of discretionary development and redevelopment proposals, require surveys of soil and geologic conditions by State licensed Engineering Geologists and Civil Engineers where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the geologic survey.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Action RM-1g: Where feasible, incorporate open space and passive recreational uses into areas identified to have significant hazards related to flooding, geologic conditions, and seismic events.

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Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

GS-2: Result in substantial soil erosion of the loss of topsoil? Impact Analysis: Implementation of the General Plan Update would provide for development and improvement projects that would involve some land clearing, mass grading, and other ground-disturbing activities that could temporarily increase soil erosion rates during and shortly after project construction.

As noted previously, soil erosion data for the City of San Jacinto was obtained from the NRCS. As identified by the NRCR web soil survey, the erosion factor K within the City of San Jacinto varies widely.

The NRCS does not provide erosion factors for the urban land soils in the City, however, the erosion potential for the urban land soils in the City is considered to be low. Depending upon the location of the project site, construction activities, and soil conditions, construction-related erosion could result in the loss of a substantial amount of nonrenewable topsoil and could adversely affect water quality in nearby surface waters. This is considered a potentially significant impact.

As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City, each project would be evaluated for conformance with the CBSC, General Plan, San Jacinto Municipal Code, and other regulations. In compliance with NPDES Permit regulations, the State of California requires that any construction activity disturbing one acre or more of soil comply with the Construction General Permit.

The permit requires development and implementation of a SWPPP and monitoring plan, which must include erosion-control and sediment-control BMPs that would meet or exceed measures required by the Construction General Permit to control stormwater quality degradation due to potential construction-related pollutants. The SWPPP would include project specific best management measures that are designed to control drainage and erosion. Subsequent development and infrastructure projects would also be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the requirements of CEQA.

The General Plan Update includes a range of policies and actions related to best management practices, NPDES requirements, and minimizing discharge of materials (including eroded soils) into the storm drain system in the proposed Public Safety Element and Resource Management Element. For example, Action PS-1g requires that during the review of discretionary development and redevelopment proposals, licensed soil and geologic conditions surveys are required by the State, and when potential geologic impacts are identified, mitigation efforts are required. Action RM-1f ensures proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented. Action RM-2a requires new development and redevelopment projects to control stormwater runoff through implementation of BMPs. With the implementation of the policies and actions in the General Plan Update, as well as applicable State and City requirements, potential impacts associated with erosion and loss of topsoil would be less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Action PS-1g: During review of discretionary development and redevelopment proposals, require surveys of soil and geologic conditions by State licensed Engineering Geologists and Civil

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Engineers where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the geologic survey.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Action RM-1f: During the development review process, ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented. To enforce this, the City Engineer or Director may request the completion of a survey of soil and geologic conditions by a State licensed Engineering Geologist and Civil Engineer, where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the survey.

Policy RM-2.5: Stormwater. Work cooperatively with local water agencies to effectively and efficiently strategy.

Action RM-2a: To reduce soil erosion and pollutants in urban runoff, require new development and redevelopment projects control stormwater runoff through implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. Existing development shall control stormwater runoff so as to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. As specific development projects are implemented, project proponents will be required to consult with relevant agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). Also, ensure that projects of one acre or more complete a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) pursuant to California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) Santa Ana Region Order No. 00- -2002-0011
(NPDES No. CAS 618033).

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

GS-3: Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse?
Impact Analysis: Future development anticipated by the General Plan Update could result in the exposure of people and structures to conditions that have the potential for adverse effects associated with ground instability or failure. Soils and geologic conditions in the Study Area have the potential for landslides, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse. Each are discussed below:

Landslide: Figure 5.7-5 illustrates the landslide potential (for non-seismically induced potential) in the vicinity of the City of San Jacinto. Given the proximity of the mountains to the Study Area, the landslide

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potential is high in select areas in the northern and western edges of the City. However, the landslide potential decreases in the central and southern portion of the Study Area, as one moves from the mountains towards the valley.

Lateral Spreading: Lateral spreading generally is a phenomenon where blocks of intact, non-liquefied soil move down slope on a liquefied substrate of large areal extent. The potential for lateral spreading is present where open banks and unsupported cut slopes provide a free face (unsupported vertical slope face). Ground shaking, especially when inducing liquefaction, may cause lateral spreading toward unsupported slopes. The greatest potential for lateral spreading in the Study Area is in the hilly terrain to the northeast.

Subsidence: A large majority of the City of San Jacinto is within a subsidence zone and has had documented subsidence.

Liquefaction: Figure 5.7-2 shows liquefaction susceptibility mapped within the Study Area. The Study Area includes delineated areas where liquefaction may occur during a strong earthquake. Most of the City is designated as having a moderate potential for liquefaction. The northern area of the City, located along the alluvial fan, and the southeast and southwest corners of the City are delineated as having a high to very high potential for liquefaction.

Collapse: Collapsible soils undergo a rearrangement of their grains and a loss of cementation, resulting in substantial and rapid settlement under relatively low loads. Collapsible soils occur predominantly at the base of mountain ranges, where Holocene-age alluvial fan and wash sediments have been deposited during rapid run-off events. Differential settlement of structures typically occurs when heavily irrigated landscape areas are near a building foundation. Examples of common problems associated with collapsible soils include tilting floors, cracking or separation in structures, sagging floors, and nonfunctional windows and doors. Existing alluvium within the Study Area may be susceptible to collapse and excessive settlements, which could create the risk of hydroconsolidation if these soils were exposed to excessive moisture.

Conclusion: The Study Area includes geologic units and soil conditions that could be unstable resulting in the potential for landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse. The General Plan Update in the Land Use, Public Safety and Resource Management elements includes policies and actions to address geologic conditions within the Study Area. For example, Policy LU-3.4 limits development in areas subject to severe natural hazards, such as landslides, ground subsidence, liquefaction, and flooding. Policy PS- map (Figure
PSguidelines and all relevant building codes in order to reduce the risk of damage associated with seismic activity. Policy PS-1.5 requires the assessment and mitigation of hazards related to liquefaction, landslides, and flooding for new development projects or City improvement projects that are identified by the City as susceptible to these hazards. The Resource Management Element includes Action RM-1g, to ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented during the development review process. As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City of San Jacinto, each project would be evaluated for conformance with the CBSC, the General Plan Update policies and actions, San Jacinto Municipal Code, and other regulations. Subsequent

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development and infrastructure projects would also be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the requirements of CEQA. Future development and improvement projects would be required to prepare site-specific geotechnical studies to identify geologic and soil conditions specific to the site and provide design recommendations consistent with the requirements of State and City codes.

Implementation of CBSC and the Municipal Code requirements related to seismic and geologic conditions and the General Plan Update policies and actions would ensure that future development projects are evaluated for potential geologic and seismic risks and that potential risks are adequately addressed. With the implementation of the policies and actions in the General Plan Update, as well as applicable State and City codes, potential impacts associated with unstable geologic conditions with the potential to result in landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse would be reduced to less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

LAND USE ELEMENT
Goal LU-3: Land Use Compatibility. A community that promotes high-quality development and compatibility with surrounding land uses and major transportation corridors.

Policy LU-3.4: Environmental Compatibility. Limit development in areas subject to severe natural hazards, such as landslides, ground subsidence, liquefaction, and flooding.

Action LU-3a: Ensure all projects are reviewed and processed per California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines.

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Goal PS-1: Seismic and Geologic Hazards. A community that is adequately prepared for natural hazards related to landslides, geologic instability, and seismic activity.

Policy PS-1.1: Geologic Hazard Identification.
(Figure PS-1) in concert with updates from the California Geologic Survey and local surveys, and update as appropriate.

Policy PS-1.2: Earthquake Protection. Enforce State seismic design guidelines and all relevant building codes to reduce the risk of damage associated with seismic activity.

Policy PS-1.3: Fault Zones. Encourage landscaped open space uses for areas within identified fault zones and limit the development of new sensitive uses in these areas. Policy PS-1.4: Liquefaction. Require site-specific studies in areas subject to liquefaction to determine the nature and extent of potential liquefaction and to identify engineering and development siting measures to permit development to occur safely.

Policy PS-1.5: Development. Require assessment and mitigation of hazards related to liquefaction, landslides, and flooding for new development projects or City improvement projects that are identified by the City as susceptible to these hazards.

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Policy PS-1.6: Impact Reduction. Reduce the risk of impacts from geologic and seismic hazards by applying proper and up to date land use planning, development engineering, building construction, and retrofitting requirements.

Policy PS-1.7: Risk Inventories. Maintain an updated inventory of public buildings and infrastructure within the City of San Jacinto at risk of seismic and geologic hazard impacts and regularly evaluate potential mitigation projects to address risks, as financially feasible.

Policy PS-1.8: Critical Facilities. Require new critical infrastructure and facilities that may be built in the City to incorporate site specific seismic structural design as required by applicable building codes.

Action PS-1a: Review development proposals to ensure compliance with California Health and Safety Code Section 19100 et seq. (Earthquake Protection Law), which requires that buildings be designed to resist stresses produced by natural forces such as earthquakes and wind.

Action PS-1b: Update building, zoning, and grading codes as needed to ensure adopted standards mitigate potential seismic hazards and comply with the Alquist-Priolo Act and Unreinforced Masonry Law
Action PS-1d: Reduce the risk to the community from hazards related to geologic conditions, seismic activity, flooding, and wildfires by requiring feasible mitigation of such impacts on development projects. Assess development proposals for potential hazards pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act. Require measures to mitigate all identified significant public safety hazards.

Action PS-1e: Where the threat from natural hazards (such as fault rupture or flooding) cannot be mitigated, use open space easements and other regulatory techniques to prohibit development and avoid public safety hazards. Where feasible, permit the joint-use of preserve areas and easements such as seismic faults and drainage basins for open space and recreational uses.

Action PS-1f: To minimize damage from earthquakes and other geologic activity, adopt and implement the most recent State seismic requirements for structural design of new development and redevelopment.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Action RM-1f: During the development review process, ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented. To enforce this, the City Engineer or Director may request the completion of a survey of soil and geologic conditions by a State licensed Engineering Geologist and Civil Engineer, where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the survey.

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Action RM-1g: Where feasible, incorporate open space and passive recreational uses into areas identified to have significant hazards related to flooding, geologic conditions, and seismic events
Goal RM-2: Water Resources: A community that protects and conserves limited water resources Action RM-2a: To reduce soil erosion and pollutants in urban runoff, require new development and redevelopment projects control stormwater runoff through implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. Existing development shall control stormwater runoff so as to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. As specific development projects are implemented, project proponents will be required to consult with relevant agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). Also, ensure that projects of one acre or more complete a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) pursuant to California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) Santa Ana Region Order No. 00- -2002-0011
(NPDES No. CAS 618033).

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

GS-4: Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Tables 18-1-D of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property? Impact Analysis: Expansive soil properties can cause substantial damage to building foundations, piles, pavements, underground utilities, and/or other improvements. Structural damage, such as warping and cracking of improvements, and rupture of underground utility lines, may occur if the expansive potential of soils is not considered during the design and construction of all improvements.

Figure 5.7-4 illustrates the shrink-swell potential of soils in the City of San Jacinto. The majority of the Study Area has low expansive soils, including most of the developed land. The areas with high expansive soils represent only a very small portion of the Study Area and would require special design considerations due to shrink-swell potentials.

The Public Safety Element and Resource Management Element of the General Plan Update includes policies and actions that are designed to protect from geologic hazards, including expansive soils. Goal PS-1, Seismic and Geologic Hazards and Goal PS-3, Flood Hazards, contain policies and actions that limit potential hazards created by expansive soils. Further, the Resource Management Element goals, policies, and actions, pertaining to native vegetation and water resource conservation; healthy soil and vegetation and water sources help to prevent dangers originating from expansive soil situations. As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City, each project would be evaluated for conformance with the CBSC, General Plan policies and actions, San Jacinto Municipal

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Code, and other applicable regulations. Subsequent development and infrastructure projects would also be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the requirements of CEQA.

As required by the CBSC, a site-specific geotechnical investigation would identify the potential for damage related to expansive soils and non-uniformly compacted fill and engineered fill. If a risk is identified, design criteria and specification options may include removal of the problematic soils, and replacement, as needed, with properly conditioned and compacted fill material that is designed to withstand the forces exerted during the expected shrink-swell cycles and settlements.

Design criteria and specifications set forth in the design-level geotechnical investigation would ensure impacts from problematic soils are minimized. There are no additional significant adverse environmental impacts, apart from those disclosed in the relevant chapters of this Draft EIR, that are anticipated to occur associated with expansive soils. Therefore, this impact is considered less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Goal PS-1: Seismic and Geologic Hazards: A community that is adequately prepared for natural hazards related to landslides, geologic instability, and seismic activity Policy PS-1.1: Geologic Hazard Identification
(Figure PS-1) in concert with updates from the California Geologic Survey and local surveys, and update as appropriate
Policy PS-1.3: Fault Zones. Encourage landscaped open space uses for areas within identified fault zones and limit the development of new sensitive uses in these areas Policy PS-1.4: Liquefaction. Require site-specific studies in areas subject to liquefaction to determine the nature and extent of potential liquefaction and to identify engineering and development siting measures to permit development to occur safely.

Policy PS-1.5: Development. Require assessment and mitigation of hazards related to liquefaction, landslides, and flooding for new development projects or City improvement projects that are identified by the City as susceptible to these hazards Policy PS-1.6: Impact Reduction. Reduce the risk of impacts from geologic and seismic hazards by applying proper and up to date land use planning, development engineering, building construction, and retrofitting requirements.

Policy PS-1.7: Risk Inventories. Maintain an updated inventory of public buildings and infrastructure within the City of San Jacinto at risk of seismic and geologic hazard impacts and regularly evaluate potential mitigation projects to address risks, as financially feasible Policy PS-1.8: Critical Facilities. Require new critical infrastructure and facilities that may be built in the City to incorporate site specific seismic structural design as required by applicable building codes

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Action PS-1a: Review development proposals to ensure compliance with California Health and Safety Code Section 19100 et seq. (Earthquake Protection Law), which requires that buildings be designed to resist stresses produced by natural forces such as earthquakes and wind.

Action PS-1b: Update building, zoning, and grading codes as needed to ensure adopted standards mitigate potential seismic hazards and comply with the Alquist-Priolo Act and Unreinforced Masonry Law.

Action PS-1d: Reduce the risk to the community from hazards related to geologic conditions, seismic activity, flooding, and wildfires by requiring feasible mitigation of such impacts on development projects. Assess development proposals for potential hazards pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act. Require measures to mitigate all identified significant public safety hazards.

Action PS-1e: Where the threat from natural hazards (such as fault rupture or flooding) cannot be mitigated, use open space easements and other regulatory techniques to prohibit development and avoid public safety hazards. Where feasible, permit the joint-use of preserve areas and easements such as seismic faults and drainage basins for open space and recreational uses.

Action PS-1f: To minimize damage from earthquakes and other geologic activity, adopt and implement the most recent State seismic requirements for structural design of new development and redevelopment.

Action PS-1a: Review development proposals to ensure compliance with California Health and Safety Code Section 19100 et seq. (Earthquake Protection Law), which requires that buildings be designed to resist stresses produced by natural forces such as earthquakes and wind.

Goal PS-3: Flood Hazards. A community that is protected from flood hazards.

Policy PS-3.6: Building Codes. Adhere to the latest building, site, and design codes in the California Building Code and FEMA flood control guidelines to avoid or minimize the risk of flooding hazards in the community.

Policy PS-3.11: Mitigation. Require that all new development and redevelopment in areas susceptible to flooding incorporate mitigation measures designed to reduce flood hazards.

Action PS-3b: Review projects for project-related flood control and stormwater management impacts . RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT Goal RM-1: Natural Resources. A community that conserves and protects its natural resources Policy RM-1.6: Native Vegetation. Conserve existing native vegetation where possible and integrate regionally native plant species into development and infrastructure projects where appropriate.

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Action RM-1f: During the development review process, ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented. To enforce this, the City Engineer or Director may request the completion of a survey of soil and geologic conditions by a State licensed Engineering Geologist and Civil Engineer, where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the survey.

Goal RM-2: Water Resources. A community that protects and conserves limited water resources Policy RM-2.4: Natural Conditions. Encourage development that avoids impacts to watershed areas, wetlands, natural drainage channels, riparian areas, and creeks, retaining these resources in their natural condition if feasible.

Policy RM-2.5: Stormwater. Work cooperatively with local water agencies to effectively and efficiently ter conservation
strategy.

Action RM-2f: Whenever feasible, incorporate improved open space and preservation areas and quasiactive recreation facilities in areas used for ground water recharge and/or drainage detention.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

GS-5: Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water?
Impact Analysis: As described in Section 5.19, Utilities and Service Systems, the City of San Jacinto sewer The areas
within the Study Area from which the City does not collect wastewater are served either by septic systems, provided by Eastern Municipal Water District (EMWD), or by the Lake Hemet Municipal Water District (LHMWD).

Because of varying soil characteristics and depths to groundwater throughout the Study Area, some areas may have moderate to severe limitations on the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems. To the extent that future development under the General Plan Update would occur in such areas, there is the potential for effects to soils that cannot adequately support the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems. However, any individual project which would have a septic system would be required to comply with the CSBC, which requires development projects to perform geotechnical investigations in accordance with State law to determine that on-site soil conditions are suitable for a septic system. Additionally, future developments proposing a septic system must also comply with the RWQCB Basin Plan and the Riverside County Department of Health requirements. The Resource Management and Public Safety Elements of the General Plan Update include Action RM-1f, and Action PS-1g, which ensure that proper geotechnical and soil management

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surveys and techniques are implemented in order to reduce the likelihood of soils that are incapable of adequately supporting septic tanks be developed on. Further, Policy RM-2.6 discourages the use of septic systems to reduce potential negative impacts to groundwater.

As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City of San Jacinto, each project would be evaluated for conformance with the CBSC, the General Plan policies and actions, San Jacinto Municipal Code, and other regulations. Subsequent development and infrastructure projects would also be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the requirements of CEQA.

Future development and improvement projects would be required to prepare a site-specific geotechnical study to identify geologic and soil conditions specific to the site and provide design recommendations consistent with the requirements of State and City codes. Implementation of CBSC and the Municipal Code requirements related to seismic and geologic conditions and General Plan Update policies and actions would ensure that future development projects are evaluated for potential geologic and seismic risks and that potential risks are adequately addressed. With the implementation of the policies and actions in the General Plan Update, as well as applicable State and City codes, potential impacts associated with having soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems would be less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Goal PS-1: Seismic and Geologic Hazards. A community that is adequately prepared for natural hazards related to landslides, geologic instability, and seismic activity.

Action PS-1g: During review of discretionary development and redevelopment proposals, require surveys of soil and geologic conditions by State licensed Engineering Geologists and Civil Engineers where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the geologic survey.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Action RM-1f: During the development review process, ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented. To enforce this, the City Engineer or Director may request the completion of a survey of soil and geologic conditions by a State licensed Engineering Geologist and Civil Engineer, where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the survey.

Policy RM-2.6: Septic Systems. Discourage the use of septic systems to reduce potential negative impacts to groundwater.

Action RM-2e: Through the development review process, require that sufficient water supply and water infrastructure capacity is available to serve the development prior to approval of the project, pursuant to Water Code Section 10910 and Government Code Section 66473.7.

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Action RM-2h: Continue to encourage the conversion from existing septic systems to sewer by limiting the replacement or expansion/repair of existing septic systems as feasible.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

GS-6: Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature?
Impact Analysis: No geologic units in the Study Area are assigned a very high sensitivity. However, the following geologic units within the Study Area are assigned a high sensitivity: Mount Eden Formation at surface, Bautista Formation at surface, Older Surficial Sediments at surface, and Surficial Sediments at depth. The paleontological sensitivity of the underlying geologic units of the Study Area is shown in Figure 5.7-6. Further, as discussed above, paleontological resources have been discovered within the Study Area. Therefore, it is possible that undiscovered paleontological resources could be encountered during ground-disturbing activities. This is considered a potentially significant impact.

Only qualified, trained paleontologists with specific expertise in the type of fossils being evaluated can determine the scientific significance of paleontological resources. Fossils are considered to be significant if one or more of the following criteria apply (Scott, 2003):

1. The fossils provide information on the evolutionary relationships and developmental trends among organisms, living or extinct;

2. The fossils provide data useful in determining the age(s) of the rock unit or sedimentary stratum, including data important in determining the depositional history of the region and the timing of geologic events therein;

3. The fossils provide data regarding the development of biological communities or interaction between paleobotanical and paleozoological biotas;

4. The fossils demonstrate unusual or spectacular circumstances in the history of life;

5. The fossils are in short supply and/or in danger of being depleted or destroyed by the elements, vandalism, or commercial exploitation, and are not found in other geographic locations.

6. All identifiable vertebrate fossils are considered significant due to the rarity of their preservation.

As so defined, significant paleontological resources are determined to be fossils or assemblages of fossils that are unique, unusual, rare, uncommon, or diagnostically important. Significant fossils can include remains of large to very small aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates or remains of plants and invertebrate animals previously not represented in certain portions of the stratigraphy. Assemblages of fossils that might aid stratigraphic correlation, particularly those offering data for the interpretation of tectonic events, geomorphologic evolution, and paleoclimatology are also critically important.

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Damage to or destruction of a paleontological resource would be considered a potentially significant impact under local, State, or federal criteria. The General Plan Update Resource Management Element includes policies and actions to protect significant paleontological resources within the Study Area.

Policy RM-3.1 protects areas containing significant historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources, as defined by the California Public Resources Code. Action RM-3a ensures the City would continue to assess development proposals for potential impacts to sensitive historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources pursuant to CEQA. As future development occurs, project sites located within areas identified as having high paleontological sensitivity (Figure 5.7-6 and SJDC Section 17.500.020) would be required to prepare a resource assessment. The objective of the report is to determine if significant paleontological resources are potentially present and if the project would significantly impact these resources for measures to be implemented to avoid the resource; monitor soil disturbance where there is high potential for resources; and implement mitigation measure to mitigate impacts.

With implementation of the General Plan Update policies and actions and compliance with SJDC Section

17.500.020, potential impacts to paleontological resources associated with future development anticipated by the General Plan Update would be reduced to less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Policy RM-3.1: Preservation. Protect areas containing significant historic, archaeological, and paleontologic resources, as defined by the California Public Resources Code.

Policy RM-3.3: Public Education. Educate and actively involve the public in preserving cultural assets, including techniques, incentives, and legal requirements for preservation.

Policy RM-3.4: Tribal Consultation. Consult with Native American tribes that may be impacted by proposed development, as necessary, and in accordance with state, local, and tribal intergovernmental consultation requirements.

Policy RM-3.6: Historic Preservation. Identify, designate, and protect buildings, districts, and sites of historic importance within San Jacinto.

Policy RM-3.7: Funding. Identify funding programs to assist private property owners in the preservation of historic resources.

Action RM-3a: Continue to assess development proposals for potential impacts to sensitive historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

Action RM-3c: For all development proposals within areas with the potential to contain prehistoric/historic resources, the City shall require a study to be conducted by a professional archaeologist. The objective of the study will be to determine if significant archaeological resources are potentially present and if the project will significantly impact these resources. If significant impacts are identified, the City may require the project to be modified to avoid the impacts, or require mitigation measures to mitigate

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the impacts. Mitigation may involve archaeological investigation and resources recovery.

Action RM-3d: For projects that involve ground disturbing activities on native soil, prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer shall enter a Treatment and Disposition Agreement (TDA) with the Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians to address treatment and disposition of archaeological/cultural resources and human remains associated with Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians that may be uncovered or otherwise discovered during construction of the project. The TDA may establish provisions for tribal monitors. Following execution of the TDA by the developer and Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians, the TDA will be incorporated by reference into the grading permit.

Action RM-3e: The City shall require an assessment of the potential for development proposals to significantly impact paleontological resources pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines. If the project involves earthworks, the City may require a study conducted by a professional paleontologist to determine if paleontological assets are present, and if the project will significantly impact the resources. If significant impacts are identified, the City may require the project to be modified to avoid impacting the paleontological materials, require monitoring of rock units with high potential to contain significant nonrenewable paleontologic resources, or require mitigation measures to mitigate the impacts, such as recovering the paleontological resources for preservation.

Action RM-3f: The City shall make provisions for archeological resources accidentally discovered during construction for projects where the City has approval authority over the project. These provisions shall include an immediate evaluation of the find and contingency funding and time allotment sufficient to allow for the recovery of the archeological resource or implement measures to avoid disturbing the resource if the archeological resource is determined to be unique.

Action RM-3o: Conduct a historic properties inventory that takes into consideration buildings, neighborhoods, and other features of historic, architectural, or cultural significance.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.7.6 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
Impact Analysis: Seismic, geologic, and soil conditions within the City of San Jacinto would vary by location and site-specific suitability for development would not be uniform. Future development within the region, including the City of San Jacinto, would contribute to the exposure of people and structures to geologic and seismic hazards. As concluded above, geologic and seismic hazards would be reduced to less than significant levels following conformance with the established regulatory framework (i.e., CBC and Municipal Code requirements). If determined necessary, project-specific mitigation would be incorporated to reduce cumulative seismic, geologic, and soil impacts to a less than significant level. If a specific site were determined to create a significant impact that could not be feasibly mitigated, the site

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would not be appropriate for development. These processes, along with compliance with federal and State laws, local building codes, and public safety standards, would result in less than significant cumulative impacts related to potential seismic, geologic, and soil hazards. As a result, implementation of the General Plan Update would not result in cumulatively considerable impacts involving seismic and geologic hazards.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions: Refer to the General Plan goals, policies, and actions cited above.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.7.7 SIGNIFICANT UNAVOIDABLE IMPACTS
Geology and soils impacts associated with the implementation of the General Plan Update would be less than significant. No significant unavoidable geology and soils impacts would occur as a result of the General Plan Update.

5.7.8 REFERENCES
California Geological Survey (CGS), California Geomorphic Provinces. California Geological Survey Note

36. Sacramento, CA. California Department of Conservation, 2002.

City of San Jacinto, Emergency Operations Plan, May 2021.

Cruden, D.M., Varnes, D.J, Landslide Types and Processes, Special Report, January 1996.

De Novo Planning, City of San Jacinto General Plan Existing Conditions Report, 2021.

Department of Conservation, Earthquake Zones of Required Investigation, https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/EQZApp/app/, accessed September 30, 2021.

Department of Conservation, Big California Earthquakes, https://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/Pages/Earthquakes/Earthquakes-Significant.aspx, 2019, accessed September 30, 2021.

Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey (USGS), Quaternary Fault and Fold Database of the United States, https://earthquake.usgs.gov/cfusion/qfault/show_report_AB_archive.cfm?fault_id=125&sectio n_id=b, accessed October 4, 2021.

Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey (USGS), What is the probability that an earthquake will occur in the Los Angeles Area? In the San Francisco Bay area? www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-probability-earthquake-will-occur-los-angeles-area-san-francisco-bayarea?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products, accessed October 4, 2021.

Dibblee, T.W., and Minch, J.A., Geologic map of the San Jacinto quadrangle, Riverside County, California, Dibblee Geological Foundation, Dibblee Foundation Map DF-115, scale 1:24,000, 2003.

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Duke Cultural Resources Management, LLC., Cultural and Paleontological Resource Study for the General Plan Update and EIR City of San Jacinto, Riverside County, January 2020.

Scott, E., Springer, K., the Environmental monitor CEQA and Fossil Preservation in California, Fall 2003.

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Web Soil Survey, https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/WebSoilSurvey.aspx, accessed November 11, 2021.

Varnes, D.J, Slope Movement Types and Processes, 1978.

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Increasing Slope
Slope Classification

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions

5.8 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

5.8.1 PURPOSE
This section identifies the existing climate conditions, the current state of climate change science, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions sources within California and the Study Area and provides an analysis of potential impacts associated with implementation of the General Plan Update. Potential impacts are identified and mitigation measures to address potentially significant impacts are recommended, as necessary. This section is primarily based upon The City of San Jacinto 2040 General Plan Environmental Impact Report Greenhouse Gas, prepared by MD Acoustics, LLC and dated June 2022; refer to Appendix E, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Report. 5.8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

GREENHOUSE GASES AND CLIMATE CHANGES LINKAGES
greenhouse gases (GHGs), play a critical
back toward space, but the properties of the radiation change from high-frequency solar radiation to lower-frequency infrared radiation. This is called the greenhouse effect, and leads to global warming as well as an overall global climate change, which includes long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.

Greenhouse gases, which are transparent to solar radiation, are effective in absorbing infrared radiation.

As a result, this radiation that otherwise would have escaped back into space is now retained, resulting in a warming of the atmosphere. This phenomenon is known as the greenhouse effect. Among the prominent GHGs contributing to the greenhouse effect are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O), N2O, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

Gases in the atmosphere can contribute to the greenhouse effect both directly and indirectly. Direct effects occur when the gas itself absorbs radiation. Indirect radiative forcing occurs when chemical transformations of the substance produce other greenhouse gases, when a gas influences the atmospheric lifetimes of other gases, and/or when a gas affects atmospheric processes that alter the radiative balance of the earth (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2011).

Naturally occurring greenhouse gases include water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ozone (O3). Several classes of halogenated substances that contain fluorine, chlorine, or bromine are also greenhouse gases, but they are, for the most part, solely a product of industrial activities. There are also several gases that do not have a direct global warming effect but indirectly affect terrestrial and/or solar radiation absorption by influencing the formation or destruction of greenhouse gases, including tropospheric and stratospheric ozone. These gases include carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and non-CH4 volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs). Aerosols, which are extremely small particles or liquid droplets, such as those produced by sulfur dioxide (SO2) or

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions elemental carbon emissions, can also affect the absorptive characteristics of the atmosphere (U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency 2011).

Although the direct greenhouse gases CO2, CH4, and N2O occur naturally in the atmosphere, human activities have changed their atmospheric concentrations. From the pre-industrial era (i.e., ending about 1750) to 2011, concentrations of these three greenhouse gases have increased globally by 40, 150, and 20 percent, respectively.

Emissions of GHGs contributing to global climate change are attributable in large part to human activities associated with the industrial/manufacturing, utility, transportation, residential, and agricultural sectors.

In California, the transportation sector is the largest emitter of GHGs, followed by the industrial sector.

As the name implies, global climate change is a global problem. GHGs are global pollutants, unlike criteria air pollutants and toxic air contaminants, which are pollutants of regional and local concern, respectively.

California produced approximately 424 million gross metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MMTCO2e) in 2017, satisfying the annual statewide target set by the California Air Resources Board (CARB), that California emissions be below 431 MMTCO2
California emissions must further be reduced to below 260 MMTCO2e by 2030.

Carbon dioxide equivalents are a measurement used to account for the fact that different GHGs have different potential to retain infrared radiation in the atmosphere and contribute to the greenhouse effect.

This potential, known as the global warming potential of a GHG, is also dependent on the lifetime, or persistence, of the gas molecule in the atmosphere. Expressing GHG emissions in carbon dioxide equivalents takes the contribution of all GHG emissions to the greenhouse effect and converts them to a single unit equivalent to the effect that would occur if only CO2 were being emitted.

Consumption of fossil fuels
emissions in 2017, accounting for 41 percent of total GHG emissions in the state. This category was followed by the industrial sector (24 percent), the electricity generation sector (including both in-state and out of-state sources) (15 percent), the agriculture and forestry sector (8 percent), the residential energy consumption sector (7 percent), and the commercial energy consumption sector (5 percent).

EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
The effects of increasing global temperature are far-reaching and extremely difficult to quantify. The scientific community continues to study the effects of global climate change. In general, increases in the ambient global temperature as a result of increased GHGs are anticipated to result in rising sea levels, which could threaten coastal areas through accelerated coastal erosion, threats to levees and inland water systems, and disruption to coastal wetlands and habitat.

If the temperature of the ocean warms, it is anticipated that the winter snow season would be shortened.

Snowpack in the Sierra Nevada provides both water supply (runoff) and storage (within the snowpack before melting), which is a major source of water supply for the state. The snowpack portion of the supply could potentially decline by 50 percent to 75 percent by the end of the 21st century. This phenomenon could lead to significant challenges securing an adequate water supply for a growing state population.

Further, the increased ocean temperature could result in increased moisture flux into the state; however,

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions since this would likely increasingly come in the form of rain rather than snow in the high elevations, increased precipitation could lead to increased potential and severity of flood events, placing more Sea level has risen approximately seven inches during the last century and it is predicted to rise an additional 22 to 35 inches by 2100, depending on the future GHG emissions levels. If this occurs, resultant effects could include increased coastal flooding, saltwater intrusion, and disruption of wetlands. As the existing climate throughout California changes over time, mass migration of species, or failure of species to migrate in time to adapt to the perturbations in climate, could also result. According to the most recent California Climate Change Assessment ( ), the impacts of global warming in California are anticipated to include, but are not limited to, the following.

Wildfires
In recent years, the area burned by wildfires has increased in parallel with increasing air temperatures.

Wildfires have also been occurring at higher elevations in the Sierra Nevada mountains, a trend which is expected to continue under future climate change. Climate change will likely modify the vegetation in California, affecting the characteristics of fires on the land. Land use and development patterns also play an important role in future fire activity. Because of these complexities, projections of wildfire in future decades in California range from modest changes from historical conditions to relatively large increases in wildfire regimes depending on the time period for the projection and what interacting factors are included in the analysis.

Public Health
Extreme heat conditions are defined as weather that is much hotter than average for a particular time and place and sometimes more humid, too. Extreme heat is not just a nuisance; it kills hundreds of Americans every year and causes many more to become seriously ill (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2016). Nineteen heat-related events occurred from 1999 to 2009 that had significant impacts on human health, resulting in about 11,000 excess hospitalizations. However, the National Weather Service issued Heat Advisories for only six of the events. Heat-Health Events (HHEs), which better predict risk to populations vulnerable to heat, will worsen drastically throughout the state: for example, by midcentury, the Central Valley is projected to experience average HHEs that are two weeks longer, and HHEs could occur four to ten times more often in the Northern Sierra region.

Higher temperatures are expected to increase the frequency, duration, and intensity of conditions conducive to air pollution formation. Climate change poses direct and indirect risks to public health, as people will experience earlier death and worsening illnesses. Air quality could be further compromised by increases in wildfires, which emit fine particulate matter that can travel long distances depending on wind conditions.

Energy Resources
Higher temperatures will increase annual electricity demand for homes, driven mainly by the increased use of air conditioning units. High demand is projected in inland and Southern California, and more moderate increases are projected in cooler coastal areas. However, the increased annual residential energy demand for electricity is expected to be offset by reduced use of natural gas for space heating.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-4 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Increases in peak hourly demand during the hot months of the year could be more pronounced than capacity must match peak electricity demand.

It should also be noted that with the electrification of vehicles, there will also be a significant increase in residential energy use in the near future. Those increases are offset by the reduction of internal combustion use.

Water Supply
A vast network of man-made reservoirs and aqueducts capture and transport water throughout the state from northern California rivers and the Colorado River. The current distribution system relies on Sierra Nevada snowpack to supply water during the dry spring and summer months. Rising temperatures, potentially compounded by decreases in precipitation, could severely reduce spring snowpack, increasing the risk of summer water shortages.
f saltwater would degrade
is a major threat to the quality and reliability of water within the southern edge of the Sacramento/San Joaquin River Delta, a major state fresh water supply.

Current management practices for water supply and flood management in California may need to be revised for a changing climate. This is in part because such practices were designed for historical climatic conditions, which are changing and will continue to change during the rest of this century and beyond. As one example, the reduction in the Sierra Nevada snowpack, which provides natural water storage, will tem. Even under the wetter climate
projections, the loss of snowpack would pose challenges to water managers, hamper hydropower generation, and nearly eliminate all skiing and other snow-related recreational activities.

Agriculture
Increased GHG emissions are expected to cause widespread changes to the agriculture industry reducing the quantity and quality of agricultural products statewide. Although higher carbon dioxide levels can stimulate plant production and increase plant water-use efficiency, Califor water demand for crops and a less reliable water supply as temperatures rise.

Plant growth tends to be slow at low temperatures, increasing with rising temperatures up to a threshold.

However, faster growth can result in less-than-optimal development for many crops, so rising products. Products likely to be most affected include wine grapes, fruits, and nuts, as well as milk due to the reduced quality of grazing food such as alfalfa.

Crop growth and development will be affected, as will the intensity and frequency of pest and disease outbreaks. Rising temperatures will likely aggravate ozone pollution, which makes plants more susceptible to disease and pests and interferes with plant growth.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-5 Greenhouse Gas Emissions In addition, continued climate change will likely shift the ranges of existing invasive plants and weeds and alter competition patterns with native plants. Range expansion is expected in many species while range contractions are less likely in rapidly evolving species with significant populations already established.

Should range contractions occur, it is likely that new or different invasive species will fill the emerging gaps. Continued global warming is also likely to alter the abundance and types of many pests, lengthen Forests and Landscapes
Climate change will make forests more susceptible to extreme wildfires. Californ Change Assessment found that by 2100, if greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, the frequency of extreme wildfires burning over approximately 25,000 acres would increase by nearly 50 percent, and that average area burned statewide would increase by 77 percent by the end of the century. In the areas that have the highest fire risk, wildfire insurance is estimated to see costs rise by 18 percent by 2055 and the amount of property insured would decrease.

Moreover, continued global warming will alter natural ecosystems and biological diversity within the state. For example, alpine and sub-alpine ecosystems are expected to decline by as much as 60 to 80 percent by the end of the century as a result of increasing temperatures. The productivity of the S forests is also expected to decrease as a result of global warming.

Rising Sea Levels
A new model from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) estimates that, under mid to high sea-level rise scenarios, 31 to 67 percent of Southern California beaches may completely erode by 2100 without large-scale human interventions.1
Statewide damages could reach nearly $17.9 billion from inundation of residential and commercial buildings under 50 centimeters (~20 inches) of sea-level rise, which is close to the 95th percentile of potential sea-level rise by the middle of this century. A 100-year coastal flood, on top of this level of sea-level rise, would almost double the costs.

Rising sea levels, more intense coastal storms, and warmer water temperatures will increasingly threaten the S coastal regions. Rising sea levels would inundate coastal areas with saltwater, accelerate coastal erosion, threaten vital levees and inland water systems, and disrupt wetlands and natural habitats.

5.8.3 REGULATORY SETTING

FEDERAL
Clean Air Act
The Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) was first signed into law in 1970. In 1977, and again in 1990, the law was substantially amended. The FCAA is the foundation for a national air pollution control effort, and it is composed of the following basic elements: National ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for criteria air pollutants, hazardous air pollutant standards, state attainment plans, motor vehicle emissions standards, 1https://www.usgs.gov/programs/cmhrp/news/disappearing-beaches-modeling-shoreline-change-southern-california

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions stationary source emissions standards and permits, acid rain control measures, stratospheric ozone protection, and enforcement provisions.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for administering the FCAA. The FCAA requires the EPA to set NAAQS for several problem air pollutants based on human health and welfare criteria. Two types of NAAQS were established: primary standards, which protect public health, and secondary standards, which protect the public welfare from non-health-related adverse effects such as visibility reduction.

Energy Policy and Conservation Act
The Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 sought to ensure that all vehicles sold in the U.S. would meet certain fuel economy goals. Through this Act, Congress established the first fuel economy standards for on-road motor vehicles in the United States. Pursuant to the Act, the National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration, which is part of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), is responsible for establishing additional vehicle standards and for revising existing standards.

Since 1990, the fuel economy standard for new passenger cars has been 27.5 miles per gallon (mpg). Since 1996, the fuel economy standard for new light trucks (gross vehicle weight of 8,500 pounds or less) has been 20.7 mpg. Heavy-duty vehicles (i.e., vehicles and trucks over 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight) are not currently subject to fuel economy standards. Compliance with federal fuel economy standards is y for the portion of its vehicles
produced for sale in the U.S. The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program, which is administered standards. The EPA calculates a CAFE value for each manufacturer based on city and highway fuel economy test results and vehicle sales. Based on the information generated under the CAFE program, the USDOT is authorized to assess penalties for noncompliance.

Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct)
petroleum and improve air quality. EPAct includes several parts intended to build an inventory of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) in large, centrally fueled fleets in metropolitan areas. EPAct requires certain federal, state, and local government and private fleets to purchase a percentage of light duty AFVs capable of running on alternative fuels each year. In addition, financial incentives are included in EPAct.

Federal tax deductions will be allowed for businesses and individuals to cover the incremental cost of AFVs. States are also required by the act to consider a variety of incentive programs to help promote AFVs.

Energy Policy Act of 2005
The Energy Policy Act of 2005 was signed into law on August 8, 2005. Generally, the act provides for renewed and expanded tax credits for electricity generated by qualified energy sources, such as landfill gas; provides bond financing, tax incentives, grants, and loan guarantees for a clean renewable energy and rural community electrification; and establishes a federal purchase requirement for renewable energy.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) ISTEA (49 U.S.C. Section 101 et seq.) promoted the development of intermodal transportation systems to maximize mobility as well as address national and local interests in air quality and energy. ISTEA contained factors that metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs), were to address in developing transportation plans and programs, including some energy-related factors. To meet the ISTEA requirements, MPOs adopted explicit policies defining the social, economic, energy, and environmental values that were to guide transportation decisions in that metropolitan area. The planning process was then to address these policies. Another requirement was to consider the consistency of transportation planning with federal, state, and local energy goals. Through this requirement, energy consumption was expected to become a criterion, along with cost and other values that determine the best transportation solution.

The Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU) Act) went into effect on December 4, 2015, to
provide longhighways, creating jobs and supporting economic growth, and accelerating project delivery and promoting innovation.

U.S. Federal Climate Change Policy
According to the
is using voluntary and incentive-based programs to reduce emissions and has established programs to (GHG) intensity (a measurement of GHG emissions per unit of economic activity) of the American economy by 18 percent over the 10-year period from 2002 to 2012. In addition, the EPA administers multiple pr
plans, policies, regulations, or laws directly regulating GHG emissions.

Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule
On September 22, 2009, EPA issued a final rule for mandatory reporting of GHGs from large GHG emissions sources in the United States. In general, this national reporting requirement will provide EPA with accurate and timely GHG emissions data from facilities that emit 25,000 metric tons or more of CO2 per year. This publicly available data will allow the reporters to track their own emissions, compare them to similar facilities, and aid in identifying cost effective opportunities to reduce emissions in the future. Reporting is at the facility level, except that certain suppliers of fossil fuels and industrial greenhouse gases along with vehicle and engine manufacturers will report at the corporate level. An estimated 85 percent of the total U.S. GHG emissions, from approximately 10,000 facilities, are covered by this final rule.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions STATE
Warren-Alquist Act
The 1975 Warren-Alquist Act established the California Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission, now known as CEC. The Act established state policy to reduce wasteful, uneconomical, and unnecessary uses of energy by employing a range of measures. The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) regulates privately-owned utilities in the energy, rail, telecommunications, and water fields.

Energy Action Plan
wer and
Conservation Financing Authority [established under deregulation and now defunct]) came together to develop one highthe first time that energy policy agencies formally collaborated to define a common vision and set of energy policy on the California environment.

In the October 2005 Energy Action Plan II, CEC and CPUC updated their energy policy vision by adding some important dimensions to the policy areas included in the original EAP, such as the emerging importance of climate change, transportation-related energy issues, and research and development activities. The CEC adopted an update to the EAP II in February 2008 that supplements the earlier EAPs State of California Energy Action Plan
The CEC is responsible for preparing the State Energy Plan, which identifies emerging trends related to energy supply, demand, conservation, public health and safety, and the maintenance of a healthy economy. The current plan is the 1997 California Energy Plan. The plan calls for the State to assist in the transformation of the transportation system to improve air quality, reduce congestion, and increase the efficient use of fuel supplies with the least environmental and energy costs. To further this policy, the plan identifies a number of strategies, including assistance to public agencies and fleet operators in implementing incentive programs for zero-emission vehicles and addressing their infrastructure needs; and encouragement of urban design that reduces vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and accommodates pedestrian and bicycle access.

Assembly Bill 1493
In response to AB 1493, CARB approved amendments to the California Code of Regulations (CCR) adding R
Title 13 Sections 1900 (CCR 13 1900) and 1961 (CCR 13 1961), and adoption of Section 1961.1 (CCR 13 1961.1) require automobile manufacturers to meet fleet average GHG emission limits for all passenger cars, light-duty trucks within various weight criteria, and medium-duty passenger vehicle weight classes beginning with the 2009 model year. Emission limits are further reduced each model year through 2016.

For passenger cars and light-duty trucks 3,750 pounds or less loaded vehicle weight (LVW), the 2016 GHG emission limits are approximately 37 percent lower than during the first year of the regulations in 2009.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-9 Greenhouse Gas Emissions For medium-duty passenger vehicles and light-duty trucks 3,751 LVW to 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight (GVW), GHG emissions are reduced approximately 24 percent between 2009 and 2016. intent of the waiver is to allow California to enact emissions standards to reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from automobiles in accordance with the regulation amendments to the CCRs that fulfill the requirements of AB 1493. The EPA granted a waiver to California to implement its greenhouse gas emissions standards for cars.

Assembly Bill 1007
Assembly Bill 1007, (Pavley, Chapter 371, Statutes of 2005) directed the CEC to prepare a plan to increase the use of alternative fuels in California. As a result, the CEC prepared the State Alternative Fuels Plan in consultation with the state, federal, and local agencies. The plan presents strategies and actions California must take to increase the use of alternative non-petroleum fuels in a manner that minimizes costs to California and maximizes the economic benefits of in-state production. The Plan assessed various consumption, increase alternative fuels use, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and increase in-state production of biofuels without causing a significant degradation of public health and environmental quality.

Bioenergy Action Plan Executive Order #S-06-06
Executive Order (EO) #S-06-06 establishes targets for the use and production of biofuels and biopower and directs state agencies to work together to advance biomass programs in California while providing environmental protection and mitigation. The EO establishes the following target to increase the production and use of bioenergy, including ethanol and biodiesel fuels made from renewable resources:
produce a minimum of 20 percent of its biofuels within California by 2010, 40 percent by 2020, and 75 percent by 2050. The EO also calls for the State to meet a target for use of biomass electricity.

California Executive Orders S-3-05 and S-20-06, and Assembly Bill 32 On June 1, 2005, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed EO S-3-05. The goal of this EO is to reduce percent below
the 1990 levels by the year 2050. EO-S-20-06 establishes responsibilities and roles of the Secretary of Cal/EPA and state agencies in climate change.

In 2006, this goal was further reinforced with the passage of Assembly Bill 32 (AB 32), the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006. AB 32 sets the same overall GHG emissions reduction goals while further mandating quantifiable, cost- EO S-20-06 further directs state agencies to begin implementing AB 32, including the recommendations made by the S Climate Action Team.

Executive Order S-13-08
EO S-13-
impacts of global climate change, particularly sea level rise, and directs state agencies to take specified actions to assess and plan for such impacts, including requesting the National Academy of Sciences to

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-10 Greenhouse Gas Emissions prepare a Sea Level Rise Assessment Report, directing the Business, Transportation, and Housing Agency of Planning and Research and the Natural Resources Agency to provide land use planning guidance related to sea level rise and other climate change impacts.

The order also required State agencies to develop adaptation strategies to respond to the impacts of global climate change that are predicted to occur over the next 50 to 100 years. The adaption strategies report summarizes key climate change impacts to the State for the following areas: public health; ocean and coastal resources; water supply and flood protection; agriculture; forestry; biodiversity and habitat; and transportation and energy infrastructure. The report recommends strategies and specific responsibilities related to water supply, planning and land use, public health, fire protection, and energy conservation.

Assembly Bill 32 - Climate Change Scoping Plan
On December 11, 2008, CARB adopted its Climate Change Scoping Plan (Scoping Plan), which functions as through subsequently enacted regulations. The Scoping Plan contains the main strategies California will implement to reduce carbon dioxide-equivalent (CO2e) emissions by 169 million metric tons (MMT), or approximately 30 percent, from the S projected 2020 emissions level of 596 MMT of CO2e under a ction of 42 MMT CO2e, or almost 10 percent, from 2002 2004 average emissions, but requires the reductions in the face of population and economic growth through 2020.) The Scoping Plan also breaks down the amount of GHG emissions reductions CARB recommends for each emissions sector of the S
in GHG emissions to be achieved by implementing the following measures and standards:
improved emissions standards for light-duty vehicles (estimated reductions of 31.7 MMT CO2e); the Low-Carbon Fuel Standard (15.0 MMT CO2e);
energy efficiency measures in buildings and appliances and the widespread development of combined heat and power systems (26.3 MMT CO2e); and
a renewable portfolio standard for electricity production (21.3 MMT CO2e).

CARB updated the Scoping Plan in 2013 (First Update to the Scoping Plan) and again in 2017 (the Final Scoping Plan). The 2013 Update built upon the initial Scoping Plan with new strategies and recommendations, and also set the groundwork to reach the long-term goals set forth by the State.

Successful implementation of existing programs (as identified in previous iterations of the Scoping Plan) has allowed California to meet the 2020 target. The 2017 Update expands the scope of the plan further by focusing on the strategy for achieving the S 2030 GHG target of 40 percent emissions reductions below 1990 levels (to achieve the target codified into law by SB 32), and substantially advances toward the S 2050 climate goal to reduce GHG emissions by 80 percent below 1990 levels.

The 2017 Update relies on the preexisting programs paired with an extended, more stringent Cap-andTrade Program, to deliver climate, air quality, and other benefits. The 2017 Update identifies new

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-11 Greenhouse Gas Emissions technologically feasible and cost-effective strategies to ensure that California meets its GHG reduction goals.

CARB released the Draft 2022 Climate Change Scoping Plan for public review in May 2022 and anticipates adoption of the document by the end of 2022. The 2022 Scoping Plan Update assesses progress toward the statutory 2030 target, while laying out a path to achieving carbon neutrality no later than 2045.

Senate Bill 32
Senate Bill 32, which passed into law in 2016, sets the target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to 40 percent below the 1990 level by the year 2030. SB 32 extends the original set of greenhouse gas targets provided by the passage of AB 32 (the Global Warmings Solutions Act of 2006). This new target sets an aggressive goalpost, helping the State along its pathway to achieve its longer-term goal of an 80 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by the year 2050.

Senate Bill 743
On September 27, 2013, Senate Bill (SB) 743 was signed into law. SB 743 was passed to promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the development of multimodal transportation networks, and a diversity of land uses. SB 743 changes the way that public agencies evaluate the transportation impacts of projects under CEQA. The revisions to the State CEQA Guidelines establish new criteria for determining the si
congestion management with statewide goals related to infill development, promotion of public health through active transportation, and reduction of GHGs. The 2017 Update to the Scoping Plan identified that slower VMT growth from more efficient land use development patterns would promote achievement of the S climate goals.

The Office of Planning and Research (OPR) published the Technical Advisory on Evaluating Transportation Impacts in CEQA (December 2018) to provide recommendations for jurisdictions to apply VMT metrics criteria, metrics, and significant
agencies ultimately have the discretion to set or apply their own significance thresholds, provided they are based on significant evidence.

For land use and transportation projects, SB 743-compliant CEQA analysis became mandatory on July 1, 2020. The City of San Jacinto has prepared guidelines for transportation impact analyses consistent with SB 743.

Executive Order B-48-18: Zero-Emission Vehicles
In January 2018, EO B-48-18 was signed into law and requires all State entities to work with the private sector to have at least five million zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) on the road by 2030, as well as install 200 hydrogen fueling stations and 250,000 electric vehicle charging stations by 2025. It specifies that 10,000 of the electric vehicle charging stations should be direct current fast chargers. This Executive Order also requires all State entities to continue to partner with local and regional governments to streamline the

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-12 Greenhouse Gas Emissions required to publish a Plug-in Charging Station Design Guidebook and update the 2015 Hydrogen Station Permitting Guidebook to aid in these efforts. All State entities are required to participate in updating the 2016 Zero- -Emission
Vehicles 2016) to help expand private investment in ZEV infrastructure with a focus on serving low-income and disadvantaged communities. Additionally, all State entities are to support and recommend policies and actions to expand ZEV infrastructure at residential uses through the Low Carbon Fuel Standard Program, and recommend how to ensure affordability and accessibility for all drivers.

Assembly Bill 2076: California Strategy to Reduce Petroleum Dependence In response to the requirements of Assembly Bill (AB) 2076 (Chapter 936, Statutes of 2000), the CEC and CARB developed a strategy to reduce petroleum dependence in California. The strategy, Reducing , was adopted by the CEC and the CARB in 2003. The strategy recommends that California reduce on-road gasoline and diesel fuel demand to 15 percent below 2003 demand levels by 2020 and maintain that level for the foreseeable future; the Governor and Legislature work to establish national fuel economy standards that double the fuel efficiency of new cars, light trucks, and sport utility vehicles (SUVs); and increase the use of non-petroleum fuels to 20 percent of on-road fuel consumption by 2020 and 30 percent by 2030.

Assembly Bill 2188: Solar Permitting Efficiency Act
Assembly Bill (AB) 2188, enacted in California in 2015, required local governments to adopt a solar ordinance by September 30, 2015 that creates a streamlined permitting process that conforms to the best practices for expeditious and efficient permitting of small residential rooftop solar systems. The act is designed to lower the cost of solar installations in California and further expand the accessibility of solar to more California homeowners. The bulk of the time and cost savings associated with a streamlined permitting process comes from the use of a standardized eligibility checklist and a simplified plan. This bill denial of a proposed solar installation.

Govern -01-07)
Executive Order #S-01-
transportation fuels by at least 10 percent by 2020 through establishment of a Low Carbon Fuel Standard.

The Low Carbon Fuel Standard is incorporated into the State Alternative Fuels Plan and is one of the proposed discrete early action GHG reduction measures identified by the CARB pursuant to AB 32.

Senate Bill 97
Senate Bill (SB) 97 (Chapter 185, 2007) required OPR to develop recommended amendments to the State CEQA Guidelines for addressing greenhouse gas emissions. OPR prepared its recommended amendments to the State CEQA Guidelines to provide guidance to public agencies regarding the analysis and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and the effects of greenhouse gas emissions in draft CEQA documents. The Amendments became effective on March 18, 2010.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-13 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Senate Bill 375
core provision is a requirement for regional transportation agencies to develop a Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS) in order to reduce GHG emissions from passenger vehicles. The SCS is one component of the existing Regional Transportation Plan (RTP). with a realistic land use pattern, in order to meet a state target for reducing GHG emissions. The strategy must take into
and farmlands.

Additionally, SB 375 modified the S Housing Element Law to achieve consistency between the land use pattern outlined in the SCS and the Regional Housing Needs Assessment allocation. The legislation plans.

Finally, SB 375 amended CEQA (Pub. Resources Code, Section 21000 et seq.) to ease the environmental review of developments that help reduce the growth of GHG emissions.

Executive Order B-30-15
On April 29, 2015, Governor Jerry Brown issued EO B-30-15, which establishes a State GHG reduction target of 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030. The new emission reduction target provides for a midterm goal that would help the State to continue on course from reducing GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 (per AB 32) to the ultimate goal of reducing emissions 80 percent under 1990 levels by 2050 (per EO S-03-05). This is in line with the scientifically established levels needed in the U.S. to limit global warming below two degrees Celsius the warming threshold at which scientists say there will likely be major climate disruptions. EO B-30-15 also addresses the need for climate adaptation and directs State government to:
-Year Infrastructure Plan;
Update the Safeguarding California Plan, the State climate adaptation strategy, to identify how climate change will affect California infrastructure and industry and what actions the State can take to reduce the risks posed by climate change;
Factor climate change into State agencies' planning and investment decisions; and Implement measures under existing agency and departmental authority to reduce GHG emissions.

Advanced Clean Cars Program
In January 2012, CARB approved the Advanced Clean Cars program which combines the control of GHG emissions and criteria air pollutants, as well as requirements for greater numbers of zero-emission vehicles, into a single package of standards for vehicle model years 2017 through 2025. The new rules strengthen the GHG standard for 2017 models and beyond. This will be achieved through existing

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-14 Greenhouse Gas Emissions technologies, the use of stronger and lighter materials, and more efficient drivetrains and engines. The -emission vehicle regulation requires battery, fuel cell, and/or plug-in hybrid electric es by 2025. The program also
includes a clean fuels outlet regulation designed to support the commercialization of zero-emission hydrogen fuel cell vehicles planned by vehicle manufacturers by 2015 by requiring increased numbers of hydrogen fueling stations throughout the state. The program will have significant energy demand implications as battery, fuel cell, and/or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle sales increase overtime, creating new demand for electricity services both in residential and commercial buildings (e.g. charging stations) as well as demand for new EV and hydrogen fuel cell charging stations. The number of stations will grow as vehicle manufacturers sell more fuel cell vehicles. According to the CARB, by 2025, when the rules will be fully implemented, the statewide fleet of new cars and light trucks will emit 34 percent fewer global warming gases and 75 percent fewer smog-forming emissions than the statewide fleet in 2016.

California Building Energy Efficiency Standards
Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations, known as the Building Energy Efficiency Standards consumption. The standards are updated periodically to allow consideration and possible incorporation of new energy efficiency technologies and methods. On January 1, 2010, the California Building Standards Commission adopted CALGreen and became the first state in the United States to adopt a statewide green building standards code.

The 2019 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings January 1, 2020. In general, Title 24 requires the design of building shells and building components to conserve energy. The standards are updated periodically to allow consideration and possible incorporation of new energy efficiency technologies and methods. Under 2019 Title 24 standards, residential buildings will use about 53 percent less energy (mainly due to the requirement for new homes to provide solar photovoltaic panels and lighting upgrades) when compared to those constructed under 2016 Title 24 standards. The 2019 Title 24 standards require installation of energy efficient windows, insulation, lighting, ventilation systems, rooftop solar panels, and other features that reduce energy consumption in homes and businesses.

California Green Building Standards (CALGreen)
The 2019 California Green Building Standards Code (California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 11), commonly referred to as CALGreen, went into effect on January 1, 2020. CALGreen is the first-in-thenation mandatory green buildings standards code. The California Building Standards Commission established a comprehensive program of cost-effective reductions of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. CALGreen was developed to (1) reduce GHG emissions from buildings; (2) promote environmentally responsible, cost-effective, and healthier places to live and work; (3) reduce energy and water consumption; and (4) respond to the environmental directives of the administration. CALGreen requires that new buildings employ water efficiency and conservation, increase building system efficiencies (e.g. lighting, heating/ventilation and air conditioning [HVAC], and plumbing fixtures), divert

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-15 Greenhouse Gas Emissions construction waste from landfills, and incorporate electric vehicles charging infrastructure. There is growing recognition among developers and retailers that sustainable construction is not prohibitively expensive, and that there is a significant cost-savings potential in green building practices and materials (U.S. Green Building Council, 2020).

Assembly Bill 117
Assembly Bill 117 was passed in 2002 to establish Community Choice Aggregation, which offers an opportunity for Californians to choose their electric provider and the source of their electricity. As a result, residents of the City of San Jacinto have the option of choosing between two different electricity providers: San Jacinto Power (SJP) and Southern California Edison (SCE). As of 2018, SJP is the default electricity provider for residents and businesses within the City of San Jacinto, while SCE continues to provide electric delivery, billing services, and maintenance of the lines (San Jacinto Power 2021). Residents may choose to opt out of SJP.

SJP was established to provide residents and businesses with a new choice to the traditional utility model:
a community-controlled power supply that offers electricity from cleaner energy sources at competitive rates, through the creation of a new, nonprofit public agency. The San Jacinto City Council governs SJP while operation of the program is administered by City staff and consultants through a joint agreement with the California Choice Energy Authority (CalChoice). SJP gets its electricity from suppliers who, much like SCE, get their electricity from a variety of generation sources. At a minimum, 35 percent of the basic provides electricity from 100 percent renewable sources.

LOCAL
South Coast Air Quality Management District
The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) adopted a Policy on Global Warming and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion in April 1990. The policy commits the SCAQMD to consider global impacts in rulemaking and in drafting revisions to the Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP). In March 1992, the SCAQMD Governing Board reaffirmed this policy and adopted amendments to the policy to include the following directives:

Phase out the use and corresponding emissions of CFCs, methyl chloroform (1,1,1-trichloroethane or TCA), carbon tetrachloride, and halons by December 1995; Phase out the large quantity use and corresponding emissions of HCFCs by the year 2000; Develop recycling regulations for HCFCs (e.g., SCAQMD Rules 1411 and 1415); Develop an emissions inventory and control strategy for methyl bromide; and Support the adoption of a California GHG emission reduction goal.

The legislative and regulatory activity detailed above is expected to require significant development and implementation of energy efficient technologies and shifting of energy production to renewable sources.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-16 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS)
SCAG is the metropolitan planning organization (MPO) for the region in which the City of San Jacinto is located. In 2020, SCAG adopted Connect SoCal, the 2020-2045 RTP/SCS, which is an update to the previous 2016 RTP/SCS. The 2020 RTP/SCS considers the role of transportation in the broader context of economic, environmental, and quality-of-life goals for the future, identifying regional transportation strategies to address mobility needs. The 2020 RTP/SCS describes how the region can attain the GHG emissionreduction targets set by CARB by achieving a 19 percent reduction by 2035 compared to the 2005 level. provides specific strategies for successful implementation. These strategies include implementing the Sustainable Communities Program (SCP) Housing and Sustainable Development (HSD) which will both accelerate housing production as well as enable implementation of the Sustainable Communities Strategy of Connect SoCal; encouraging use of active transportation, or human powered transportation such as bicycles, tricycles, wheelchairs, electric wheelchairs/scooters, skates, and skateboards; and supporting alternative fueled vehicles. The 2020 RTP/SCS overall land use pattern reinforces the trend of focusing new housing and employment in infill areas well served by transit.

In addition, the 2020 RTP/SCS includes goals and strategies to promote active transportation and improve transportation demand management (TDM). The 2020 RTP/SCS strategies support local planning and projects that serve short trips, increase access to transit, expand understanding and consideration of public health in the development of local plans and projects, and support improvements in sidewalk quality, local bike networks, and neighborhood mobility areas. The 2020 RTP/SCS proposes to better align active transportation investments with land use and transportation strategies, increase competitiveness of local agencies for federal and state funding, and to expand the potential for all people to use active transportation.

Western Riverside Council of Governments Subregional Climate Action Plan The City of San Jacinto is participating in the Western Riverside Council of Governments Subregional Climate Action Plan (WRCOG Subregional CAP), which proposes a path to a 15 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 through State, regional, and local measures. The WRCOG Subregional CAP update provides participating jurisdictions with a framework for reducing their GHG emissions consistent with targets and mandates established by the State of California. The CAP assesses the impact that State and regional actions will have on GHG emissions reduction and provides a roadmap for individual communities in the subregion to achieve additional reductions through local actions.

5.8.4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND THRESHOLDS
Appendix G of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines contains the Initial Study Environmental Checklist, which includes questions related to climate change-related impacts:

Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment; or

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-17 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases.

ANALYSIS APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY
Cumulative impacts are the collective impacts of one or more past, present, and future projects that, when combined, result in adverse changes to the environment. In determining the significance of a combined effects from both the proposed Project
and other projects would be cumulatively significant. If the agency answers this inquiry in the affirmative, incremental
significant in and of themselves. The cumulative global project list for this issue (climate change) comprises anthropogenic (i.e., human-made) GHG emissions sources across the globe. No project alone would reasonably be expected to contribute to a noticeable incremental change to the global climate, but rather effects are shown to be caused by the cumulative emissions from across the globe. However, legislation and executive orders on the subject of climate change in California have established a statewide context and process for developing an enforceable statewide cap on GHG emissions. Given the nature of environmental consequences from GHGs and global climate change, CEQA requires that lead agencies consider evaluating the cumulative impacts of GHGs. Small contributions to this cumulative impact (from which significant effects are occurring and are expected to worsen over time) may be potentially considerable and, therefore, significant.

OPR recommends that lead agencies under CEQA create a plan to reduce GHG emissions that meets the goals of both CEQA and general plans. The OPR states that the GHG emissions reduction plan can be either a stand-alone CAP or directly part of the general plan. The City of San Jacinto is participating in the WRCOG Subregional Climate Action Plan (WRCOP Subregional CAP) as of May 2021. The WRCOG Subregional CAP assessment for the City of San Jacinto meeting the Statewide GHG emissions targets are summarized in the following sections. In the process of updating the Subregional CAP, community inventories were developed for all jurisdictions in the WRCOG subregion, for the years 2010 and 2017, to quantify GHG emissions resulting from the community and government operations. The inventories include emissions from the following sectors: residential energy, nonresidential energy, on-road transportation, off-road equipment, rail, solid waste, water, wastewater, and agriculture. For the purposes of the Subregional CAP, inventory data was compiled for the 13 participating jurisdictions to establish a 2010 baseline inventory and a 2017 inventory update that provides a more current emissions accounting. The jurisdictions participating in the Subregional CAP update are the cities of San Jacinto, Banning, Beaumont, Calimesa, Canyon Lake, Eastvale, Jurupa Valley, Lake Elsinore, Menifee, Norco, Perris, Temecula, and Wildomar. In general, inventories provide an estimate of current emissions using the best available data and methods at the time the inventory was completed. As data collection and estimation methodologies evolve, future inventories may incorporate emission sources that were not captured previously or use newer approaches to estimate emissions.

An analysis of the proposed P
of 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 (as encapsulated by SB 32) is provided herein. Further, a qualitative analysis of the P percent

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-18 Greenhouse Gas Emissions below 1990 levels by 2050 (as encapsulated in AB 32 and Executive Order S-03-05) is also provided herein.

Emission estimates generated by the WRCOG Subregional CAP are compared to the goals set by the State, region, and City, detailed in the Greenhouse Gas Emission Report (Appendix E).

5.8.5 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
GHG-1: Would the project generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment?
Impact Analysis: Emissions of GHGs contributing to global climate change are attributable in large part to human activities associated with the industrial/manufacturing, utility, transportation, residential, and agricultural sectors. Implementation of the proposed Project would contribute to increases of GHG emissions that are associated with global climate change. Estimated GHG emissions attributable to future development would be primarily associated with increases of CO2 and other GHG pollutants, such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), from mobile sources and utility usage.

WRCOG has developed a subregional CAP with the participation of the City of San Jacinto, as well as other jurisdictions in the subregion, to achieve local GHG emissions levels that would be consistent with the Statewide reduction targets established by AB 32, SB 32, oping Plan. The WRCOG Subregional
The following analysis includes a summary of the WRCOG Subregional emissions through buildout of the General Plan Update.

An analysis of the proposed P
of 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 (as encapsulated by SB 32) is provided herein. Further, a qualitative analysis of the P percent
below 1990 levels by 2050 (as encapsulated in AB 32 and Executive Order S-03-05) is also provided herein.

Community GHG Emissions Inventory, Forecasts, and Targets The following summarize the quantification of baseline GHG emissions generated by WRCOG with the participation of the City, the establishment of GHG emissions targets that demonstrate a level which the contribution of GHG emissions from activities covered by the CAP would not be cumulatively considerable, and forecasts for future year GHG emissions. These analyses and results are provided in the CAP and are briefly summarized below.

GHG Emissions Inventory
The WRCOG Subregional CAP Community GHG Inventory quantifies the annual emissions resulting from activities within the City by residents, businesses, and the local government for the City of San Jacinto.

The community inventory provides an understanding of where GHG emissions are originating and informs development of effective strategies and actions to reduce emissions. setting emissions reduction
from the more recent 2017 inventory, based on current best estimates for population, households, and job growth within the Cit -as4.1.i
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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-19 Greenhouse Gas Emissions scenario that accounts for State-mandated GHG reduction programs and regional programs that affect all WRCOG jurisdictions. The 2017 community emissions for the City of San Jacinto were 3.5 MTCO2e per service population (SP).

Table 5.8-1, City of San Jacinto GHG Emission Inventories and BAU Forecasts (MTCO2e), provides a BAU emissions for
the years 2030 and 2050. As shown in Table 5.8-1, the transportation sector is the largest contributor to emissions.

Table 5.8-1
City of San Jacinto GHG Emission Inventories and BAU Forecasts (MTCO2e) Sector 2010 2017 2030 2050
On-Road Transportation 87,200 109,065 159,222 238,613
Residential Electricity 30,434 27,023 41,040 61,935
Residential Natural Gas 28,874 26,005 38,865 58,653
Non-Residential Electricity 23,524 18,274 25,243 35,502 Non-Residential Natural 7,484 4,260 5,791 8,144
Solid Waste 8,033 10,617 14,762 21,140
Water 3,300 3,002 7,019 10,045
Wastewater 369 389 541 775
Off-Road Equipment 3,381 4,426 6,006 8,084
Total1
192,599 203,062 298,489 442,892
Source: Western Riverside Council of Governments, Subregional Climate Action Plan, May 2022.

Notes: 1
Totals may not add up due to rounding.

GHG Emissions Forecasts and Reduction Target
The City of San Jacinto is committed to supporting the S year 2030 as mandated by SB 32. Longer term, the City is committed to contributing its fair share toward achieving the S -3-05, which calls
for an 80 percent Statewide reduction below 1990 levels by 2050. Accordingly, the City of San Jacinto has set a target to reduce community-wide emissions to 1.83 MTCO2e per service population (SP) by the year 2030, consistent with the method used to establish the WRCOG S , as described in the WRCOG Subregional CAP, to achieve the target of 40 percent below 1990 GHG emission levels by 2030 as encapsulated by SB 32. This equates to total annual emissions target of 147,932 MTCO2e per year by -range goal of

0.62 MTCO2e per SP by 2050, consistent with the S
2050.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-20 Greenhouse Gas Emissions GHG Reduction Measures
Table 5.8-2, WRCOG Subregional Climate Action Plan GHG Reduction Measures, provides a list of the reduction measures per the WRGOC Subregional CAP for the City of San Jacinto along with the estimated reduction for 2030.

Table 5.8-2
WRCOG Subregional Climate Action Plan GHG Reduction Measures1 Measures 2030 Reductions State Measures
SE-1: Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) 31,577
SE-2: Title 24 Building Energy Standards 8,027
ST-1: Pavley, Advanced Clean Cars, & LCFS 37,282
SR-1: Recycling and Waste Diversion Mandates 11,618
SW-1: Water Conservation Mandates 642
Total 189,147
Regional Measures
RT-1: Metrolink Expansion 0
RT-2: Telecommuting 1,186
RT-3 Regional Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Initiatives 5,511 Total 16,697
Local Measures
LE-1: Expand Local Renewable Energy Production 3,459
LE-2: Community Choice Energy Not Quantified
LE-3: Improve Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings 1,582 LE-4: Building and Appliance Electrification 0
LE-5: Traffic and Street Light Upgrades 259
LE-6: Shade Trees Not Quantified
Total 15,301

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-21 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Table 5.8-2 (continued)
WRCOG Subregional Climate Action Plan GHG Reduction Measures Measures 2030 Reductions
Transportation Measures
LT-1: Bicycle Infrastructure Improvements 512
LT-2: Pedestrian Infrastructure Improvements 983
LT-3: Carshare and Carpool Programs 42
LT-4: Parking Pricing and Limited Requirements 2,713
LT-5: Increase Transit Service and Frequency 0
LT-6 Traffic Signal Coordination 133
LT-7 Increase Housing Density Not Quantified
LT-8: Increase Land Use Diversity Not Quantified
LT-9: Transit-Oriented Development 0
LT-10: Local EV Programs 143
LT-11: Subsidized Transit 1,117
Total 15,644
Source: Western Riverside Council of Governments, Subregional Climate Action Plan, May 2022.

Notes: 1
Totals may not add up due to rounding.
measure SR-1 (Recycling and Waste Diversion Mandates), while reductions resulting from local water conservation and reuse are accounted for by State Measure SW-1 (Water Conservation Mandates). The City is also supporting statewide efforts to reduce emissions from agriculture through its support for local farms and community gardens, but the reductions associated with these efforts are not accounted for locally, as they are difficult to quantify and are likely very small in relation to other local measures.

These measures implemented together result in an estimated 191,700 MTCO2e in community emissions for 2030, or 3.3 MTCO2e per capita, which is an approximate 6 percent reduction compared to the 2017 levels, but above the 2030 target of 147,932 MTCO2e by 43,768 MTCO2e. The City also set a longer-range goal of 0.62 MTCO2e per SP by 2050, consistent with the S levels by 2050. The reduction of GHG emissions puts the City on the path to achieve its 2050 emissions targets. However, the City would need additional actions to keep the City on a path that aligns with the longer-term goal for 2050.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-22 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Implementation and Monitoring
The City of San Jacinto is responsible for implementing local GHG reduction measures. General Plan Update Action RM-4a would require the City on an annual basis to record the status of each measure and submit the results to WRCOG using the WRCOG Climate Action Plan Tracking Tool. WRCOG is responsible for tracking the progress made by State and regional measures. WRCOG will compile the results from each participating jurisdiction and prepare an annual memorandum documenting the implementation and performance, including estimates of the progress made by each participating jurisdiction towards their 2030 target. Every three to five years, WRCOG will also update the community GHG inventories for each participating jurisdictions to facilitate a more accurate accounting of emissions reductions and progress towards the target. This will entail collecting data at the jurisdictional level for each of the primary inventory sectors (electricity and natural gas, vehicle miles traveled, solid waste, wastewater, and water).

Consistency with the CARB 2017 Scoping Plan
The goal to reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 (Executive Order S-3-05) was codified by the Legislature as the 2006 Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32). In 2008, CARB approved a Scoping Plan as required by AB 32. The Scoping Plan has a range of GHG reduction actions which include direct regulations, alternative compliance mechanisms, monetary and non-monetary incentives, voluntary actions, marketbased mechanisms such as a cap-and-trade system, and an AB 32 implementation fee to fund the program. The 2017 Scoping Plan Update identifies additional GHG reduction measures necessary to achieve the 2030 target. These measures build upon those identified in the First Update to the Scoping Plan (2013). Table 5.7-3, General Plan Update Consistency with the 2017 Scoping Plan, evaluates the P would result in adverse
cumulative impacts to global climate change. CARB released the Draft 2022 Climate Change Scoping Plan for public review in May 2022 and anticipates adoption of the document by the end of 2022. As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City, each project would be evaluated for consistency with the current adopted Scoping Plan, as required under CEQA.

As shown in Table 5.7-3, the General Plan Update would not conflict with the implementation of the 2017 Scoping Plan. Many of the programs are not applicable at a General Plan level, such as developing low carbon fuel standards and the cap-and-trade program, however some programs are applicable and supported by the General Plan Update. General Plan Update policies and actions that support the implementation of the Scoping Plan would improve air quality, reduce GHG emissions, encourage alternative modes of transportation, such as walking, biking, and public transportation, and divert waste from landfills. Specifically, the proposed General Plan Update Land Use Element includes Policy LU-1.1 which promotes a land use plan that supports efficient development and multiple transportation options.

Policy LU-2.2 encourages new development to occur in infill locations that reduces sprawl, preserves open space, and creates convenient connections to other land uses and activity centers. Proposed Economic Development Element Policy ED-3.1 encourages higher density housing and higher intensity employment space to locate in mixed- corridors, near transit nodes, and in areas well- .

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-23 Greenhouse Gas Emissions The General Plan Update Resources Management Element includes Policy RM-4.3 to a GHG reduction targets with the statewide GHG reduction targets of AB 32, and aligns reduction goal with the statewide GHG reduction goal of Executive Order S-03-05. Policy RM-4.5 encourages pedestrian-scale development and pedestrian-friendly design features to reduce vehicle emissions. Policy RMRM-4.10 encourages the adoption of local policies and programs consistent with the local measures identified in the WRCOG Subregional CAP for the City to reduce GHG emissions. Policy RM-4.11 expands the number of parks and trees in the City to provide a larger carbon sink.

The proposed Mobility Element includes goals and policies to encourage the reduction of VMT to lower GHG emissions. This includes Goal M-3, which supports a multi-modal transportation network that provides sufficient vehicular, pedestrian, bike and transit facilities. Policy M-3.2 incorporates facilities and design features into transportation improvement projects that support the use of public transit and active transportation. Policy M-3.3 links commercial development, employment centers, public facilities, and community parks and open spaces to transit and active transportation facilities and trails, wherever feasible.

Overall, General Plan Update impacts related to consistency with the 2017 Scoping Plan would be less than significant. The General Plan Update would also not conflict with the implementation of 2022 Scoping Plan and its future programs.

Table 5.8-3
General Plan Update Consistency with the 2017 Scoping Plan Programs and Policies Primary Objectives Consistency
SB 350 Reduce GHG emissions in the
electricity sector through the
implementation of 50 percent
Renewables Portfolio Standard,
doubling of energy savings, and other
actions as appropriate to achieve
GHG emissions reductions planning
targets in the Integrated Resource
Plan process.

Not Applicable. SB 350 requires that 50
percent of the energy Southern California
Edison provides to San Jacinto is from
renewable sources and is required by law to
submit an Integrated Resource Plan which
includes a Renewable Portfolio Standard to
50 percent by 2030.

Low Carbon Fuel Standard Transition to cleaner/less-polluting fuels that have a lower carbon
footprint
Not Applicable. This Statewide policy
establishes carbon reduction standards for
transportation fuels and does not directly
apply to the General Plan Update.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-24 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Table 5.8-3 (continued)
General Plan Update Consistency with the 2017 Scoping Plan Programs and Policies Primary Objectives Consistency
Mobile Source Strategy
(Cleaner Technology and
Fuels)
Reduce GHGs and other pollutants
from the transportation sector
through transition to zero-emission
and low-emissions vehicles, cleaner
transit systems and reduction of
vehicle miles traveled.

Consistent. The General Plan Update
includes policies that encourage the
reduction of GHG emission through lowemission vehicles, cleaner transit, and reductions of vehicle miles traveled.

Specifically, proposed Mobility Element
Policy M-3.2 incorporates facilities and
design features into transportation
improvement projects that support the use
of public transit and active transportation.

Policy M-3.3 links commercial development,
employment centers, public facilities, and
community parks and open spaces to transit
and active transportation facilities and
trails. Policy M-6.1 maintains VMT
thresholds and TDM mitigation
requirements for the purpose of CEQA.

Policy M-6.2 creates and implements TDM
and congestion management mitigation
measures in areas experiencing high levels
of congestion and VMT levels. Proposed
Resource Management Element Policy RM4.4 promotes alternative modes of transportation to reduce vehicular
emissions and improve air quality. Action
RM-4g provides the necessary facilities and
infrastructure to facilitate the use of Cityowned low or zero-emission vehicles such as electric vehicle charging facilities at key
City facilities as operations necessitate
and/or as funding becomes available. Action
RM-4k supports the establishment and
expansion of a regional network of electric
vehicle charging stations and encourage the
expanded use of electric vehicles. Action
RM-4l establishes and adopts standards and
requirements for electric vehicle parking,
including minimum requirements for the
installation of electric vehicle charging
stations in new multi-family residential and
commercial, office, and light industrial
development.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-25 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Table 5.8-3 (continued)
General Plan Update Consistency with the 2017 Scoping Plan Programs and Policies Primary Objectives Consistency
SB 1383 Approve and implement short-lived
climate pollutants strategy to reduce
highly potent GHGs.

Consistent. This policy addresses methane
emissions generated from landfill disposal
of organic waste. The General Plan Update
includes policies that reduce solid waste
disposal, including organic waste disposal.

Specifically, proposed Resource
Management Element Policy RM-10.1
ensures the City complies with local,
regional and State regulations regarding
waste diversion, source reduction,
recycling, and composting. Policy RM-10.3
directs participation in source reduction and
recycling techniques to reduce the amount
of solid waste sent to landfills and ensure
adequate landfill capacity in the region.

Policy RM-10.5 directs the City to work with
appropriate service providers to collect and
compost greenwaste, including landscaping,
Christmas trees, composting and mulch, and
other sources of organic waste, to distribute
for use in parks, medians, and other
municipal areas. Action RM-10c encourages
the expansion of recycling, reuse, and
appropriate disposal of hazardous
materials, by reducing yard and landscaping
waste through methods such as
composting, grass recycling, and using
resource efficient landscaping techniques.

Additionally, Municipal Code Chapter 8.33,
Mandatory Organic Waste Disposal
Reduction, requires the participation in the -container organic waste collection service, as well as compliance
with CALGreen recycling requirements. As
such, the General Plan Update and existing
Municipal Code requirements would ensure
the Project does not conflict with SB 1383.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-26 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Table 5.8-3 (continued)
General Plan Update Consistency with the 2017 Scoping Plan Programs and Policies Primary Objectives Consistency
California Sustainable
Freight Action Plan
Improve freight efficiency, transition
to zero emission technologies, and
increase competitiveness of
Not Applicable. This policy address goods
movement efficiencies that are not affected
by the General Plan Update.

Post-2020 Cap and Trade
Program
Reduce GHGs across largest GHG
emissions sources.

Not Applicable. This program involves
capping emissions from electricity
generation, large industrial facilities, and
fuel supply industries and is applicable to
entities that emit 25,000 or more metric
tons of MTCO2e per year. While the General
Plan Update includes industrial land uses, the Industrial designation allows for industrial and manufacturing activities that
do not generate significant amounts of
pollution, including limited regional and
sub-regional commercial activities that are
non- or low-polluting. Additionally, the
General Plan Update does not propose to
increase the industrial uses in the City.

Source: California Air Resources Board, November 2017.

Conclusion
As demonstrated in the analysis provided above, the proposed Project does not conflict with the implementation of the 2017 Scoping Plan; however, the Project does not meet the 2030 community emissions target and would therefore have a significant and unavoidable impact. WRCOG recommends encouraging residents and businesses to enroll
percent and 100 percent renewable options), and
adopting a local building code beyond Title 24 that incentivizes electrification or limits the use of fossil natural gas in new buildings and major retrofits. The General Plan Update Resource Management Element Action RM-5j en The City is not planning
on adopting the additional measure recommended in the WRCOG Subregional CAP for the City to adopt a local building code beyond Title 24, since the measure is not feasible and conflicts with the other objectives of the General Plan Update,
, and would potentially discourage future development envisioned in the General Plan Update.

In addition, as discussed in more detail in Section 5.19, Utilities and Service Systems, residents of the City of San Jacinto have the option of choosing between two different electricity providers: San Jacinto Power (SJP) and Southern California Edison (SCE). As of 2018, SJP is the default electricity provider for residents

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-27 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and businesses within the City of San Jacinto, while SCE continues to provide electric delivery, billing services, and maintenance of the lines (San Jacinto Power 2021). Residents may choose to opt out of SJP.

SJP was established to provide residents and businesses with a new choice to the traditional utility model:
a community-controlled power supply that offers electricity from cleaner energy sources at competitive rates, through the creation of a new, nonprofit public agency. General Plan Update Resource Management Element Action RM-5i encourages San Jacinto Power customers to enroll in the PureGreen program and opt-up to 100 percent renewable energy content. Additionally, the WRCOG Subregional CAP does not take into account the General Plan Update which includes increased land intensities and densities. The City will continue to participate in the regional efforts of the CAP and implement feasible measures, as specified in the General Plan Update Resource Management Element Policy RM-4.10 and Action RM-4a, . In order to further reduce GHG emissions associated with buildout of the General Plan Update, the City has included numerous policies and actions aimed at reducing GHG emissions and promoting sustainability in San Jacinto. The General Plan Update proposes policies and actions that are specifically relevant to climate change and GHG emissions and energy consumption within the Study Area.

Specifically, the General Plan Update Resources Management Element includes Policy RM-4.1, which supports regional efforts, including those organized through the SCAQMD, SCAG, the WRCOG, and CARB to implement the regional AQMP. Policy RM-4.3 aligns
statewide GHG reduction targets of AB 32, and aligns
GHG reduction goal of Executive Order S-03-05. Policy RM-49 establishes the per capita GHG reduction targets to meet the requirements established by the state under AB 32 and SB 32, consistent with the . Policy RM-4.11 expands the number of parks and trees in San Jacinto to provide a larger carbon sink or area containing natural sources that retain more carbon than what those sources emit. Action RM-4a implements the local GHG reduction measures identified in the Subregional CAP for San Jacinto, directs the City to participate in future updates of the CAP, and on an annual basis record the status of each local measure and submit the results to WRCOG using the WRCOG Climate Action Plan Tracking Tool. Action RM-5e provides for the continue review of development projects to ensure that all new public and private development complies with Title 24 energy standards, as well as the energy efficiency standards established by the General Plan Update and the Municipal code.

Numerous policies and programs in the General Plan Update address sustainable development, which influence operational mobile, energy, and area-source emissions in the Study Area. Resource Management Element Policy RM-4.6 encourages and incentivizes higher density and mixed-use development opportunities within designated areas of the City to lessen the impacts of traffic congestion on local air quality. Additional policies and actions throughout the Land Use and Mobility Elements promote reductions in VMT through the mix and density of land uses, walkable neighborhood design, bicycle facilities and infrastructure, the expansion of trail networks, and public transportation facilities and infrastructure. Specifically, the proposed Land Use Element includes Policy LU-1.1 which promotes an appropriate land use plan that promotes efficient development and multiple transportation options.

Policy LU-2.2 encourages new development to occur in infill locations to reduce sprawl, preserve open space, and create convenient connections to other land uses and activity centers. Policy LU-4.4 supports pedestrian-friendly and pedestrian-scaled development that encourages more social interaction and less

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-28 Greenhouse Gas Emissions automobile use, especially in the Downtown Village. The proposed Mobility Element contains Policy M2.4 which by connecting users to local and regional destinations, including jobs, recreation, retail and other activity centers. Policy M-3.2 incorporates facilities and design features into transportation improvement projects that support the use of public transit and active transportation. Policy M-3.3 links commercial development, employment centers, public facilities, and community parks and open spaces to transit and active transportation facilities and trails, wherever feasible. Mobility Element Policy M-4.3 encourages the use of open space and utility easements for bicycle, pedestrian, and equestrian trails. Policy M-6.2 encourages the creation and implementation of TDM and congestion management mitigation measures in areas experiencing high levels of congestion and VMT levels. Additionally, Policy M-6.4 promotes working with developers to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and minimize congestion related to new development through improvements to the circulation system and on-site improvements that encourage non-vehicular modes of travel. Additionally, policies in the Resource Management Element promote conservation of open space. Policy RM-1.1 supports a balanced and integrated open space system that reflects a variety of considerations, including resource conservation, recreation, aesthetics, and community identity. While these policies and actions would further assist the City is reducing GHG emissions, the associated reduction of GHG emissions are not quantifiable. Because of this, the City cannot state with certainty whether implementation of the General Plan Update would meet the 2030 and 2050 community emissions targets.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

LAND USE ELEMENT
Policy LU-1.1: Land Use Pattern. Promote an appropriate land use plan that fosters and enhances community livability and public health; sustains economic vitality; promotes efficient development and multiple transportation options; reduces pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and the expenditure of energy and other resources; and ensures compatibility between uses consistent with the land use designations identified in this Element and Land Use Map (LU-2).

Policy LU-2.2: Infill Development. Encourage new development to occur in infill locations in a balanced and efficient pattern that reduces sprawl, preserves open space, and creates convenient connections to other land uses and activity centers.

Policy LU-4.4: Pedestrian Design. Support pedestrian-friendly and pedestrian-scaled development that encourages more social interaction and less automobile use, especially in the Downtown Village.

Policy LU-5.5: Sustainable Design. evelopments that respect and

MOBILITY ELEMENT
Policy M-1.1: Balanced Circulation System: Provide for a balanced circulation system that promotes the safe and efficient movement of people and goods throughout the City.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-29 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Policy M-1.2: Access and Mobility: Strive to maintain sufficient access and mobility for all modes of travel and users of the roadway network.

Policy M-1.5: Transportation Improvements for All Users: Encourage roadway, sidewalk, and median improvements that enhance the visual character of the roadway system and promote pedestrian and bicycle safety.

Action M-1a: Periodically review and assess the vehicular operating conditions along City facilities to determine what, if any, improvements are warranted to maintain a safe and efficient flow Improvement Plan and/or required as part of project approval through the development review process.

Policy M-2.4: Public Transit: Promote public transportation programs that effectively serve the City s residents and workers by connecting users to local and regional destinations, including jobs, recreation, retail, and other activity centers.

Goal M-3: Complete Streets. A multi-modal transportation network that provides sufficient vehicular, pedestrian, bike and transit facilities.

Policy M-3.1: Complete Streets: Apply context-sensitive complete streets principles to new roadways and to transportation improvements to serve all modes of travel and users of all ages and abilities.

Policy M-3.2: Multimodal Facilities: Incorporate facilities and design features into transportation improvement projects that support the use of public transit and active transportation.

Policy M-3.3: Multimodal Connectivity: Link commercial development, employment centers, public facilities, and community parks and open spaces to transit and active transportation facilities and trails, wherever feasible.

Policy M-3.6: Park and Ride Facilities: Encourage the provision of regional public transportation services and support facilities such as park and ride lots.

Goal M-4: Active Transportation. An extensive and regionally linked network of trails, bicycle lanes, and sidewalk paths that encourage active transportation as viable for transportation and recreation.

Policy M-4.1: Trails Master Plan: Implement applicable goals, policies, and projects from the Trails Master Plan to provide trails and multimodal facilities that support active transportation within and beyond the City.

Policy M-4.2: Active Transportation Network: Provide and maintain an extensive active transportation and trail network that supports bicycles, pedestrians, and equestrians and is linked to regional facilities and facilities of adjacent jurisdictions.

Policy M-4.3: Trail Development: Encourage the use of open space and utility easements for bicycle, pedestrian, and equestrian trails, where feasible.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-30 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Policy M-4.4: Trail Connectivity: Encourage Specific Plans and Planned Developments to include welldeveloped and designed trails that connect neighborhoods to parks, schools, jobs, and adjacent existing or planned local and/or regional trails.

Policy M-4.5: Support Facilities: Encourage new developments to provide bicycle parking, lockers, and other support facilities for bicyclists.

Goal M-6: Transportation Management. Transportation management strategies that comply with the County Congestion Management Plan and regional and statewide greenhouse gas emissions targets.

Policy M-6.1: Vehicle Miles Traveled: Maintain vehicle miles traveled (VMT) thresholds and Transportation Demand Management (TDM) mitigation requirements for the purpose of environmental review under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

Policy M-6.2: Transportation Demand Management: Create and implement TDM and congestion management mitigation measures in areas experiencing high levels of congestion and VMT levels.

Policy M-6.4: New Development: Work with developers to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and minimize congestion related to new development through improvements to the circulation system and on-site improvements that encourage non-vehicular modes of transportation.

Action M-6c: Require developments that are approved based on TDM plans to incorporate monitoring and enforcement of TDM targets as part of those plans.

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Policy PS-7.5: Energy Supply. Promote plans and programs that increase sustainable energy sources.

Policy PS-7.11: Greenhouse Gas Reductions. Reduce communitywide greenhouse gas emissions locally by actively supporting regional efforts to reduce greenhouse gases throughout the county.

Action PS-7b: Expand the use of energy-efficient lighting, such as LEDs, for City-owned light facilities. Action PS-7c: Consider purchasing only electric or alternative-energy vehicles for the City vehicle fleet, as appropriate, based on the intended use of the vehicle.

Action PS-7d: Evaluate the feasibility for government-constructed and/or -operated new development to exceed the CalGreen Tier 1, or successor program, standards.

Action PS-7e: Promote the use of sustainable and carbon-neutral energy sources in new development.

Action PS-7f: Explore using renewable energy and clean generation technologies such as solar, wind, biogas, or fuel cells to power City facilities where appropriate.

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-31 Greenhouse Gas Emissions

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Policy RM-1.1: Balanced Open Space System. Support a balanced and integrated open space system that reflects a variety of considerations, including resource conservation, recreation, aesthetics, and community identity.

Policy RM-1.4: Regional Cooperation. Recognize areas of overlapping jurisdiction with respect to open space and biological resources, such as the County of Riverside Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan (MSHCP), and coordina
cities, agencies, and Riverside County to protect and maximize regional open space.

Action RM-1e: For Hillside Development Projects, implement the City s Hillside Development Standards to retain the signifi
borders as Open Space, allowing areas of non-intensive development on the more gently sloped areas at the base of the eastern and western hillsides.

Goal RM-4: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Improved air quality in San Jacinto and the region through reductions in air pollutants and greenhouse gas (GHG emissions).

Policy RM-4.1: Regional Cooperation. Support regional efforts, including those organized through the South Coast Air Quality Management District, Southern California Association of Governments, the Western Riverside Council of Governments, and the California Air Resource Board (CARB) to implement the regional Air Quality Management Plan.

Policy RM-4.2: Measurement and Enforcement. Coordinate with the California Air Resources Board and South Coast Air Quality Management District to properly measure air quality at emission sources and enforce the standards of the Clean Air Act.

Policy RM-4.4: Transportation Options. Promote alternative modes of transportation to reduce vehicular emissions and improve air quality. (See Mobility Element) Policy RM-4.5: Walkability. Encourage pedestrian-scale development and pedestrian-friendly design features to reduce vehicle emissions. (See Mobility Element) Policy RM-4.6: Sustainable Development. Encourage and incentivize higher density and mixed-use development opportunities within designated areas of the City to lessen the impacts of traffic congestion on local air quality. (See Land Use Element) Policy RM-4.7: Sensitive Receptors. Insulate sensitive receptors from areas of heightened air quality pollution, by utilizing land use planning to buffer and protect residential areas.

Policy RM-4.8: Mitigation. Require the implementation of relevant mitigation measures for all future development upon identification of potential air quality impacts.

Policy RM-4.12:Public Engagement. Promote regional air quality programs in order to inform the public on regional air quality concerns and encourage the engagement of all San Jacinto residents in future planning decisions related to air quality.

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-32 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Action RM-4b: Review all new industrial and commercial development projects for potential air quality impacts to residences and other sensitive receptors. Ensure that mitigation measures and best management practices are implemented to reduce significant emissions of criteria pollutants.

Action RM-4c: Review development, infrastructure, and planning projects for consistency with SCAQMD requirements during the CEQA review process. Require project applicants to prepare air quality analyses to address SCAQMD and General Plan requirements, which include analysis and identification of:

1. Air pollutant emissions associated with the project during construction, project operation, and cumulative conditions.

2. Potential exposure of sensitive receptors to toxic air contaminants.

3. Significant air quality impacts associated with the project for construction, project operation, and cumulative conditions.

4. Mitigation measures to reduce significant impacts to less than significant or the maximum extent feasible where impacts cannot be mitigated to less than significant.

Action RM-4d: Work with the South Coast Air Quality Management District, Southern California Association of Governments, the Western Riverside Council of Governments, and the California Air Resource Board (CARB) to implement programs aimed at improving regional air quality.

Action RM-4g: Provide the necessary facilities and infrastructure to facilitate the use of City-owned low or zero-emission vehicles such as electric vehicle charging facilities at key City facilities as operations necessitate and/or as funding becomes available.

Action RM-4k: Support the establishment and expansion of a regional network of electric vehicle charging stations and encourage the expanded use of electric vehicles.

Action RM-4l: Establish and adopt standards and requirements for electric vehicle parking, including minimum requirements for the installation of electric vehicle charging stations in new multi-family residential and commercial, office, and light industrial development.

Action RM-4n: Future development projects implemented under the General Plan will be required to demonstrate consistency with SCAQMD construction emission thresholds. Where emissions from individual projects exceed SCAQMD thresholds, the following actions shall be incorporated as necessary to minimize impacts. These measures do not exclude the use of other, equally effective mitigation measures.

Require all off-road diesel equipment greater than 50 horsepower (hp) used for this Project to meet USEPA Tier 4 final off-road emission standards or equivalent. Such equipment shall be outfitted with Best Available Control Technology (BACT) devices including a California Air Resources Board Certified Level 3 Diesel Particulate Filter

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-33 Greenhouse Gas Emissions (DPF) or equivalent. The DPF reduces diesel particulate matter and NOx emissions during construction activities.

Require a minimum of 50 percent of construction debris be diverted for recycling.

Require building materials to contain a minimum 10 percent recycled content.

Require materials such as paints, primers, sealants, coatings, and glues to have a low volatile organic compound concentration compared to conventional products. If low VOC materials are not available, architectural coating phasing should be extended sufficiently to reduce the daily emissions of VOCs.

Action RM-4o: Future development projects will be required to demonstrate consistency with exceed regulatory thresholds, the following measures may be used to reduce impacts.

Note the following measures are not all inclusive and developers have the option to add or substitute measures that are equally or more appropriate for the scope of the project.

Develop a project specific TDM program for residents and/or employees that provides opportunities for carpool/vanpools.

Provide onsite solar/renewable energy in excess of regulatory requirements.

Require that owners/tenants of non-residential or multi-family residential developments use architectural coatings that are 10 grams per liter or less when repainting/repairing properties.

Require dripless irrigation and irrigation sensor units that prevent watering during rain storms.

Ensure all parking areas are wired for capability of future EV charging and include EV charging stations that exceed regulatory requirements.

Goal RM-5: Energy and Mineral Resources. A community that safely manages its energy and mineral resources
Policy RM-5.1: San Jacinto Power. Continue to make clean, modern, and cost-effective energy options available to individuals who live and work in San Jacinto.

Policy RM-5.2: Compliance with State Legislation. Comply with all state requirements regarding the generation of power and encourage energy providers to investigate the use or expansion of renewable sources of energy.

Policy RM-5.3: Renewable Energy. Promote the development and use of renewable energy resources to reduce dependency on fossil fuels.

Policy RM-5.4: Energy-Efficient Materials. Promote the use of energy-efficient materials, equipment, and design in public and private facilities and infrastructure.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-34 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Policy RM-5.5: Energy Conservation. Promote energy conservation and recycling by the public and private sectors.

Policy RM-5.6: Energy Needs. Collaborate with local service providers in determining and meeting the needs of the community for energy in clean, modern, and cost-effective ways.

Policy RM-5.7: Business Community. Support the decisions of the San Jacinto business community as they select and implement the most appropriate, financially feasible, and responsible energy source for their individual operations.

Policy RM-5.8: Public Education. Promote public education programs that advocate for reducing energy consumption, and promote renewable sources of energy.

Policy RM-5.9: Promote Energy Conservation in Existing Building Stock. Promote energy conservation by residents and businesses in existing structures, in close coordination with other agencies and local energy providers, including the SCAQMD and Southern California Edison.

Action RM-5a: Continue to i
evaluate the effectiveness of the program every five years to identify programmatic Action RM-5b: Implement energy conservation measures in public buildings through the following actions:

Promote energy efficient buildings and site design for all new public buildings during the site development permit process; and
Install energy saving devices in new public buildings and retrofit existing public buildings.

Action RM-5c: During the development review process, encourage innovative building design, layout, and orientation techniques to minimize energy use by taking advantage of sun/shade patterns, prevailing winds, landscaping and building materials that control energy usage, and solar design.

Action RM-5d: Promote retrofit programs by the City to reduce energy usage and consequently reduce emissions from energy consumption. Encourage utility companies to provide informational literature about available retrofit programs at public facilities such as City Hall, the Community Center , and libraries.

Action RM-5e: Continue to review development projects to ensure that all new public and private development complies with the California Code of Regulations, Title 24 standards as well as the energy efficiency standards established by the General Plan and the Municipal Code.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-35 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Action RM-5f:
to help benchmark and monitor energy use for participating businesses seeking to increase energy efficiency and realize cost savings.

Action RM-5g: Encourage new development projects to install electrified space (HVAC) and water heating systems in lieu of natural gas systems, above and beyond the requirements of Title 24, before and during the building plan check process.

Action RM-5h: During the development review process, require that all new developments adjacent to or near natural gas lines, coordinate with So Cal Gas to install and connect to the lines, as feasible.

Action RM-5i: Advertise the San Jacinto Power PureGreen program and encourage San Jacinto Power customers to enroll in the program and opt-up to 100 percent renewable energy content.

Action RM-5j:
tier.

Policy RM-7.1: Regional Cooperation. Collaborate with the Valley-Wide Recreation and Park District and other organizations to provide parks, recreational, and open space facilities that meet the needs and preferences of all segments of the community.

Policy RM-7.9: Open Space in Nonresidential Development. Encourage outdoor gathering spaces, such as mini-parks and plazas, be incorporated into nonresidential development to encourage social interaction, create experience-oriented centers, and enhance the visual character of the community.

Policy RM-7.10:Parkland Funding. Actively pursue financing for parkland acquisition and maintenance, recreational needs.

Action RM-7a: Review development proposals for their potential demand for and impact on parks and recreational facilities in the community by:

Requiring developers of residential projects to provide adequate parkland equal to five acres per 1,000 residents (0.005 acre per resident), or pay an in-lieu fee prior to occupancy of the project.

Requiring non-residential development to provide parkland equal to 2.5 acres per 1,000 employees (0.0025 acre per employee), or pay an in lieu fee prior to occupancy of the project.

Work with developers to identify the appropriate park type(s), size(s), facilities, and location(s) for required park facilities.

Ensure parkland facilities conform with City standards.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-36 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Policy RM-10.1:Compliance with State Legislation. Comply with local, regional and State regulations regarding waste diversion, source reduction, recycling, and composting.

Policy RM-10.2:Solid Waste Collection. Provide adequate waste disposal, recycling, and refuse services for present and future residents and businesses, including programs that improve public access to solid waste collection and recycling facilities.

Policy RM-10.4:Source Reduction and Recycling Efforts. Participate in source reduction and recycling techniques to reduce the amount of solid waste sent to landfills and ensure adequate landfill capacity in the region
Policy RM-10.5:Organic Waste. Work with appropriate service providers to collect and compost greenwaste, including landscaping, Christmas trees, composting and mulch, and other sources of organic waste, to distribute for use in parks, medians, and other municipal areas.

Policy RM-10.6:Fees and Funding. Work with appropriate service providers to periodically review collection, recycling, and disposal fees to achieve state and federal mandates, meet community expectations, and reflect cost efficiencies or increases for service delivery.

Policy RM-10.7:Public Education. Promote citywide educational programs to inform citizens of the benefits of recycling and appropriate recycling options and locations.

Action RM-10a:On an ongoing basis and in compliance with State law, ensure solid waste collection activities completed by franchise solid waste haulers, facility siting and construction of transfer and/or disposal facilities, operation of waste reduction and recycling programs, and household hazardous waste disposal and education programs are consistent with the County Solid Waste Management Plan.

Action RM-10b:Include standard language in requests for services and in City agreements requiring contractors to use best management practices to maximize diversion of waste from the Action RM-10c: Encourage the expansion of recycling, reuse, and appropriate disposal of hazardous materials, including the following:

Increased participation in single family and multifamily residential curbside recycling programs;
Increased participation in commercial and industrial recycling programs for paper, cardboard, and plastics;
Reduce yard and landscaping waste through methods such as composting, grass recycling, and using resource efficient landscaping techniques; and Encourage local businesses to provide electronic waste (e-waste) drop-off services and encourage residents and businesses to properly dispose of, or recycle, e-waste.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-37 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Mitigation Measures: There is no feasible mitigation available for this impact.

Level of Significance: Significant Unavoidable Impact.

GHG-2: Would the project conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? Impact Analysis: As described under Response GHG-1, the General Plan Update would not satisfy the GHG reduction requirements established by SB 32 and AB 32. As further provided under Response GHG-1, the GHG reduction targets developed for the proposed General Plan Update are consistent with the GHG compliance with AB 32, SB 32, and consistent with Executive Order S-03-05. These laws established a statewide reduction in GHG emissions to 15 percent below 1990 levels by 2020 (under AB 32), 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 (under SB 32), and 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050 (under AB 32 and consistent with Executive Order S-03-05).

As demonstrated under Response GHG-1, the proposed Project does not conflict with the implementation of the 2017 Scoping Plan; however, the Project does not meet the 2030 or 2050 community emissions target. In order to further reduce GHG emissions associated with buildout of the General Plan Update, the City has included numerous policies and actions aimed at reducing GHG emissions and promoting sustainability in San Jacinto.
ets will be achieved through various State and local actions. As discussed in Chapter 5 of the 2017
GHG reduction targets aligned with the State targets may use per capita emission estimates to recognize the GHG reductions needed to remain in line with State targets.

As provided under Response GHG-1, the Project would not reduce emissions to below the community wide thresholds through buildout of the General Plan Update (i.e. for years 2030 and 2040), which ensures that the proposed Project is consistent with all GHG reduction targets established for the State. Therefore, the proposed P While
the General Plan Update policies and actions would further assist the City in reducing GHG emissions, the associated reduction of GHG emissions are not quantifiable. Because of this, the City cannot state with certainty whether implementation of the General Plan Update would meet the 2030 and 2050 community emissions targets.

The SCAQMD adopted a Policy on Global Warming and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion in April 1990.

However, this policy did not set a GHG reduction target or goal, and the proposed Project would not conflict with this policy.

At the regional level, the 2020 RTP/SCS is an applicable plan adopted for the purpose of reducing GHGs.

In order to assess the P 2020 RTP/SCS, this section also analyzes the P e assumptions for consistency with those utilized by SCAG in its SCS. Generally, projects are considered consistent with the provisions and general policies of applicable City and regional land use compatible with the general intent of the plans

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-38 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and would not preclude the attainment of their primary goals. Table 5.8-4, Consistency with the 2020 RTP/SCS core vision and strategies set forth
in the 2020 RTP/SCS.

As depicted in Table 5.8-4, the Project would be consistent with the 2020 RTP/SCS through various polices.

The General Plan Update policies would support development that is encouraged by the RTP/SCS to reduce VMT and expand multi-modal transportation options in order for the region to achieve GHG reductions from the land use and transportation sectors required by SB 375, which, in turn, advances the -term climate policies. By furthering implementation of SB 375, the General Plan Update supports regional land use and transportation GHG reductions consistent with State regulatory requirements. Therefore, the Project would be consistent with the GHG reduction-related actions and strategies contained in the 2020 RTP/SCS.

Table 5.8-4
General Plan Update Consistency with the 2020 RTP/SCS
Core Vision & Strategies Responsible Party(ies) Project Consistency Analysis Sustainable Development Strategies
Focus Growth Near
Destinations & Mobility
Options
Local jurisdictions Consistent. The General Plan Update includes a number of policies related to focusing new growth near destinations and transit. Specifically, proposed Land Use Element Policy LU-2.2 encourages new development to occur in infill
locations in a balanced and efficient pattern that reduces sprawl, preserves open space, and creates convenient
connections to other land uses and activity centers, Policy LU-4.4 supports pedestrian-friendly and pedestrian-scaled development that encourages more social interaction and less automobile use, especially in the Downtown Village.

Proposed Mobility Element Policy M-3.2 incorporates
facilities and design features into transportation
improvement projects that support the use of public
transit and active transportation. Policy M-3.3 links
commercial development, employment centers, public
facilities, and community parks and open spaces to transit and active transportation facilities and trails, wherever feasible

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-39 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Table 5.8-4 (continued)
General Plan Update Consistency with the 2020 RTP/SCS
Core Vision & Strategies Responsible Party(ies) Project Consistency Analysis Promote Diverse Housing
Choices
Local jurisdictions Consistent. The 2021-2029 Housing Element includes a number of policies that promote diversity of housing
choices. The General Plan Update Land Use Map would
implement these policies through a variety of residential and mixed-use land use designations. Additionally, Land Use Element Policy LU-1.1 promotes an appropriate land
use plan that fosters and enhances community livability and public health; sustains economic vitality; promotes efficient development and multiple transportation
options; reduces pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and the expenditure of energy and other resources; and
ensures compatibility between uses consistent with the
land use designations identified in the Land Use Element and Land Use Map.

Leverage Technology
Innovations
SCAG, Local
jurisdictions
Consistent. The General Plan Update includes a number of policies related to the use of new technology to achieve sustainable development. Specifically, proposed Resource Management Element Policy RM-5.3 promotes the
development and use of renewable energy resources to
reduce dependency on fossil fuels. Action RM-5b
implements energy conservation measures in public
buildings by installing energy saving devices in new public buildings and retrofitting existing public buildings.

Support Implementation
of Sustainability Policies
SCAG, Local
jurisdictions
Consistent. The General Plan Update includes a number of policies that support and align with the implementation of sustainability policies. The proposed Land Use
Element policy LU-2.2 encourages new development to
occur in infill locations in a balanced and efficient pattern that reduces sprawl, preserves open space, and creates
convenient connections to other land uses and activity
centers. Proposed Resource Management Element Policy
RM-4.1 supports regional efforts, including those
organized through the SCAQMD, SCAG, the WRCOG, and
CARB to implement the regional AQMP. Policy RM-4.12
promotes regional air quality programs in order to inform the public on regional air quality concerns and encourage the engagement of all San Jacinto residents in future
planning decisions related to air quality.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-40 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Table 5.8-4 (continued)
General Plan Update Consistency with the 2020 RTP/SCS
Core Vision & Strategies Responsible Party(ies) Project Consistency Analysis Promote a Green Region SCAG, Local
jurisdictions
Consistent. The General Plan Update includes a number of policies and actions that support the development of a
green region. The proposed Resource Management
Element Policy RM-1.1 supports a balanced and integrated open space system that reflects a variety of considerations, including resource conservation, recreation, aesthetics, and community identity. Policy RM-4.11 expands the
number of parks and trees in San Jacinto to provide a larger carbon sink or area containing natural sources that retain more carbon than what those sources emit. Action RM-4a
implements the local GHG reduction measures identified
the City to participate in future updates of the CAP, and on an annual basis record the status of each local measure and submit the results to WRCOG using the WRCOG
Climate Action Plan Tracking Tool. Policy RM-7.1 directs collaboration with the Valley-Wide Recreation and Park
District and other organizations to provide parks,
recreational, and open space facilities that meet the needs and preferences of all segments of the community. Policy RM-7.10 directs the City to actively pursue financing for parkland acquisition and maintenance, and allocate
sufficient funding to park development to support the
Action RM-7a ensures
development proposals are reviewed for their potential
demand for and impact on parks and recreational facilities in the community. Policy RM-10.1 ensures compliance
with local, regional and State regulations regarding waste diversion, source reduction, recycling, and composting.

Policy RM-10.4 ensures participation in source reduction and recycling techniques to reduce the amount of solid
waste sent to landfills and ensure adequate landfill
capacity in the region.

Source: Southern California Association of Governments, Connect SoCal (2020 2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy), September 2020.

While the proposed Project is consistent with the CARB 2017 Scoping Plan and the SCAG 2020 RTP/SCS, the proposed Project would not meet the established reduction targets of SB 32, and AB 32. There would be a significant and unavoidable impact relative to this topic. The City of San Jacinto will be implementing the additional GHG reductions strategies shown in Response GHG-1 in order to further reduce emissions.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions: Refer to the General Plan Update goals, policies and actions cited above in GHG-1.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-41 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Mitigation Measures: There is no feasible mitigation available for this impact.

Level of Significance: Significant Unavoidable Impact.

5.8.6 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
Impact Analysis: The topic of GHG emissions is inherently a cumulative impact. Though significance thresholds can be developed by air districts, as well as State and federal regulatory agencies, these thresholds and their related goals are ultimately designed to effect change at a global level. As to reduce GHG emissions below a specific threshold and would therefore have a significant and unavoidable impact even with the implementation of General Plan Update goals, policies and actions.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions: Refer to the General Plan goals, policies, and actions cited above.

Mitigation Measures: There is no feasible mitigation available for this impact.

Level of Significance: Significant Unavoidable Impact.

5.8.7 SIGNIFICANT UNAVOIDABLE IMPACTS
Implementation of the General Plan Update would result in significant unavoidable GHG impacts.

If the City approves the proposed General Plan Update, the City will be required to make findings in accordance with Section 15091 of CEQA and prepare a Statement of Overriding Considerations for ccordance with Section 15093 of the CEQA Guidelines.

5.8.8 REFERENCES
California Air Resources Board (CARB), , https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/scopingplan/scoping_plan_2017.pdf, accessed June 29, 2022.

California Climate Change Assessment, , 2019.

California Energy Commission, 2019, Renewable Energy Overview, https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/tracking-progress, accessed June 29, 2022.

California Environmental Protection Agency, Climate Action Team Report to Governor Schwarzenegger and the Legislature, December 2010.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis, Summary for Policymakers, 2013.

MD Acoustics, LLC, The City of San Jacinto 2040 General Plan Environmental Impact Report Greenhouse Gas, June 2022.

National Resources Defense Council, NRDC Fact Sheet: California Snowpack and the Drought, April 2014.

San Jacinto Power, FAQ, http://sanjacintopower.com/about/f_a_q, accessed September 17, 2021.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.8-42 Greenhouse Gas Emissions U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2009, April 2011.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Climate Change and Extreme Heat, What You Can Do to Prepare, October 2016.

Western Riverside Council of Governments, Subregional Climate Action Plan, May 2022.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-1 Hazards and Hazardous Materials

5.9 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

5.9.1 PURPOSE
This section identifies existing hazards and hazardous materials sites within the Study Area and provides an analysis of potential impacts associated with implementation of the General Plan Update. Potential impacts are identified and mitigation measures to address potentially significant impacts are recommended, as necessary.
hazardous waste. A ma
prepared by a federal, tribal, State, or local regulatory agency, or if it possesses characteristics defined as ste that exhibits toxic or hazardous
characteristics (i.e., ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and/or toxicity). Other hazards, such as potential airport-related safety hazards for people residing/working in the Study Area, interference with an adopted emergency response plan, and exposure of people/structures to risk involving wildland fires, are also addressed in this section.

5.9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AND WASTE
Hazardous Materials
A hazardous material is a substance or combination of substances which, because of its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical, or infectious characteristics, may either (1) cause or significantly contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious, irreversible, or incapacitating irreversible illness; or (2) pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health and safety, or the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported, or disposed of. Hazardous materials are mainly present because of industries involving chemical byproducts from manufacturing, petrochemicals, and hazardous building materials.

Hazardous Waste
Hazardous waste is the subset of hazardous materials that have been abandoned, discarded, or recycled and is not properly contained, including contaminated soil or groundwater with concentrations of chemicals, infectious agents, or toxic elements sufficiently high to increase human mortality or to destroy the ecological environment. If a hazardous material is spilled and cannot be effectively picked up and used as a product, it is considered to be hazardous waste. If a hazardous material site is unused, and it is obvious there is no realistic intent to use the material, it is also considered to be a hazardous waste. Examples of hazardous materials include flammable and combustible materials, corrosives, explosives, oxidizers, poisons, materials that react violently with water, radioactive materials, and chemicals.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-2 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Transportation of Hazardous Materials
The transportation of hazardous materials within California is subject to various federal, State, and local regulations. The City has no direct authority to regulate the transport of hazardous materials on State highways or rail lines. Transportation of hazardous materials by truck and rail is regulated by the U.S.

Department of Transportation (DOT). DOT regulations establish criteria for safe handling procedures. It is illegal to transport explosives or inhalation hazards on any public highway not designated for that purpose, unless the use of the highway is required to permit delivery, or the loading of such materials (California Vehicle Code Section 31602(b), 32104(a)). The California Highway Patrol (CHP) designates through routes to be used for the transportation of hazardous materials. Transportation of hazardous materials is restricted to these routes except in cases where additional travel is required from that route to deliver or receive hazardous materials to and from users.

HAZARDOUS SITES
EnviroStor Data Management System
The California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) maintains the EnviroStor Data Management System, which provides information on hazardous waste facilities (both permitted and corrective action) as well as any available site cleanup information. This site cleanup information includes:

Federal Superfund Sites (NPL), State Response Sites, Voluntary Cleanup Sites, School Cleanup Sites, Corrective Action Sites, Tiered Permit Sites, and Evaluation/Investigation Sites. The hazardous waste facilities include: Permitted Operating, Post-Closure Permitted, and Historical Non-Operating.

There are two site locations EnviroStor
database. Certified status means that it is a completed site with previously confirmed release that was subsequently certified by DTSC as having been remediated satisfactorily under DTSC oversight. The first site is the location of the Southern California Edison San Jacinto Substation, located on South San Jacinto Avenue, southwest of Main Street. The following contaminants were found in the soil during a spill investigation in 2014: Lead, Arsenic, and Cadmium. These contaminants are a result of the former electrical substation, which was active from 1927 to late 2014 when it was decommissioned. In late 2021, approximately 702 cubic yards of impacted soil were removed and transported off-site to licensed disposal facilities. DTSC processed Certification of the site on June 3, 2022. The second site is the location of the Lyon Avenue Elementary and Middle Schools, located on 425 North Lyon Avenue. The following contaminants were found in the soil during a Supplemental Site Investigation in 2014: Organochlorine Pesticides and heavy metals that may include Arsenic, Lead, Zinc, Vanadium, and Antimony. These contaminants are a result of historic agricultural use on the property, which resulted in pesticide contamination of the soil. Subsequently, a total of approximately 140 cubic yards of impacted soil was excavated from the site and DTSC processed Certification of the site on January 21, 2020.

Cortese List
The Hazardous Waste and Substances Sites (Cortese) List is a planning document used by the State, local agencies, and developers to comply with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requirements in providing information about the location of hazardous materials release sites. Government Code Section 65962.5 requires the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal EPA) to develop at least

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-3 Hazards and Hazardous Materials annually an updated Cortese List. The DTSC is responsible for a portion of the information contained in the Cortese List. Other State and local government agencies are required to provide additional hazardous material release information for the Cortese List. There are no hazardous materials release sites located in the City of San Jacinto on the Cortese List.

GeoTracker
for managing sites that impact groundwater, especially those that require groundwater cleanup (Underground Storage Tanks, Department of Defense, Site Cleanup Program).

There are 21 locations with a San Jacinto address that are listed in the GeoTracker database for Leaking Underground Storage Tanks (LUST). Table 5.9-1, Geotracker Database Sites, lists the site name for LUSTs in San Jacinto, and the status of each site. As shown in Table 5.9-1, all of the LUST sites in San Jacinto have Table 5.9-1
GeoTracker Database Sites
Site Name Status
76 Products Facility #5692 Completed - Case Closed
Arco #5829 Completed - Case Closed
Baker, Robert (1011 San Jacinto Avenue) Completed - Case Closed Circle K #1271 Completed - Case Closed
Discount Furniture Completed - Case Closed
E-Z Serve Completed - Case Closed
Fastrip Store #12-777 Completed - Case Closed
Golden Era Productions Completed - Case Closed
Inland Commercial Fueling Completed - Case Closed
Maclin Open Air Market Completed - Case Closed
PR Equities Completed - Case Closed
Reflection Lake RV Park Completed - Case Closed
Rice Development Completed- Case Closed
San Jacinto City Yard Completed - Case Closed
San Jacinto Mobil Completed - Case Closed
San Jacinto Unified School District Completed - Case Closed Seven Eleven Completed - Case Closed
Superior Ready Mix Completed - Case Closed
Texaco Midway Completed - Case Closed
Completed - Case Closed
Westra Dairy Farm Completed - Case Closed
Source: California Water Resources Control Board Geotracker, 2021.

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-4 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Solid Waste Information System (SWIS)
The Solid Waste Information System (SWIS) is a database of solid waste facilities that is maintained by active, planned and closed sites. There is one active facility listed in the SWIS database located within the Study Area: the Caltrans Hemet Maintenance Station (33-AAHAZARDS FROM AIR TRAFFIC The Riverside County Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) adopts plans to protect and promote the safety and welfare of airport users and residents in the airport vicinity. Specifically, these plans seek to protect the public from the adverse effects of aircraft noise, to ensure that people and facilities are not concentrated in areas susceptible to aircraft accidents, and to ensure that no structures or activities encroach upon or adversely affect the use of navigable airspace.

Local Airport Facilities
Hemet-Ryan Airport
The Hemet-Ryan Airport is located in the City of Hemet, approximately seven miles south of the City of San Jacinto. The airport is owned by Riverside County and operated by the Riverside County Economic Development Agency.

The Hemet-Ryan Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan, adopted in February 2017 by the Riverside County ALUC, is an integrated part of the Riverside County Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan. Together, the plans establish policies applicable to land use compatibility planning in the vicinity of airports throughout the County, including the Hemet-Ryan Airport. Included are compatibility criteria and maps for the influence areas of individual airports. Also identified are the procedural requirements associated with the compatibility review of development proposals. There are no zones related to airport compatibility that fall within the boundary of the Study Area. Figure 5.9-1, Airport Land Use Compatibility Zones, shows the Airport Land Use Compatibility Zones.

Major Regional Airport Facilities
Los Angeles International Airport (LAX): LAX is owned by the City of Los Angeles and is approximately 109 miles away from the City of San Jacinto. The airport is located in west Los Angeles and is the busiest airport serving the Los Angeles region. It is the sixth busiest commercial airport in the world and the third busiest in the United States.

Ontario International Airport (ONT): ONT is owned by the City of Ontario and the County of San Bernardino, under a Joint Powers Agreement, as of November 1, 2016. This airport primarily serves the Inland Empire, and is approximately 50 miles away from the City of San Jacinto. This airport is located to the northwest of the Study Area, in the community of Ontario, California and is the next most prominent airport after LAX.

John Wayne Airport (SNA): SNA is located to the southwest of the Study Area, in the city of Santa Ana, in the northern part of Orange County. It offers limited international service. The National Plan of Integrated

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-5 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Airport Systems categorizes this airport as a primary commercial service airport, since it has over 10,000 passenger boardings per year. The John Wayne Airport is approximately 72 miles from the City of San Jacinto.

San Bernardino International Airport (SBD): SBD is in San Bernardino. It is the former Norton Air Force Base. The airport serves the inland empire and is in close proximity to both the Interstate 210 and Interstate 10, and to historic Route 66. SBD is approximately 35 miles from San Jacinto.

Bob Hope Airport/Burbank Airport (BUR): BUR is located in Burbank, California, northwest of downtown Los Angeles and approximately 106 miles northwest of the City of San Jacinto. It is limited to a small number of passenger airlines and serves the greater Los Angeles area, including the San Fernando and San Gabriel Valleys. The Burbank Airport is the only airport in the Los Angeles area to have a direct rail connection to Downtown Los Angeles.

Long Beach Airport (LGB): LGB is located in the city of Long Beach. This airport is categorized as a primary commercial service airport by the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems. The Long Beach Airport is approximately 91 miles from the City of San Jacinto.

Palm Springs International Airport: A public-use airport owned and operated by the City of Palm Springs.

It is located approximately two miles east of Downtown Palm Springs in Riverside County, California. This airport covers an area of 940 acres and has two runways.

March Air Reserve Base: A military airfield situated between the cities of Riverside and Moreno Valley California, occupying 2,075 acres with two runways. It is one of the oldest airfields operated by the United States military, being established as Alessandro Flying Training Field in February 1918. It is the home to the Air Force Reserve Command's Fourth Air Force, and also provides host base support for numerous tenant units. It is located approximately 15 miles northwest of San Jacinto.

Other Nearby Airport Facilities
Banning Municipal Airport: A public city-owned airport that is located one mile southeast of Banning in Riverside County. This airport covers an area of 141 acres and has one runway.

Bermuda Dunes Airport: A public-use airport located in Bermuda Dunes, a census designated place within the Coachella Valley of Riverside County. This airport covers an area of 105 acres and has one runway.

Corona Municipal Airport: A public airport located three miles southwest of Downtown Corona, Riverside County. This airport covers 98 acres and has one runway made of asphalt.

Jacqueline Cochran Regional Airport: A public-use airport owned by the County of Riverside. This airport asphalt.

Flabob Airport: A public-use airport located in the City of Riverside, Riverside County. This airport covers an area of 80 acres and has one runway.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-6 Hazards and Hazardous Materials French Valley Airport: A public-use airport owned by the County of Riverside. It is located approximately seven miles northeast of the City of Murrieta. This airport covers an area of 261 acres and has one asphalt runway.

Perris Valley Airport: A private-use airport located one mile southeast of the City of Perris, Riverside County. This airport has one runway and is used for general aviation and skydiving.

Riverside Municipal Airport: A public-use airport owned and operated by the City of Riverside. It is located approximately four miles southwest of Downtown Riverside and 26 miles northwest of San Jacinto. This airport covers an area of 525 acres and has two runways and one helipad.

Skylark Airport: A private-use airport located in the City of Lake Elsinore, Riverside County. This airport covers an area of 150 acres and has three runways.

Although there are several airports in Southern California, none are located within or adjacent to the Study Area. The Hemet-Ryan Airport is the closest airport to the City.

National Transportation Safety Board Aviation Accident Database The National Transportation Safety Board Aviation Accident Database identifies a total of four aircraft accidents in San Jacinto. The earliest record for an aircraft accident in San Jacinto is from January 7, 1993 (nonfatal). The most recent incident is from December 12, 2001 (one fatality). Out of the four recorded aircraft accidents in San Jacinto, three were fatal accidents causing a total of five deaths (NTSB, 2019).

These incidents were small-scale (primarily prop planes and other small planes) occurring during takeoff and landing from Hemet-Ryan Airport, located in Hemet.

Approach and Landing Accidents
As nearly half of all general aviation accidents occur in the approach and landing phases of flight, considerable work has been done to determine the approximate probability of such accidents. Nearly 77 percent of accidents during this phase of flight occur during touchdown onto the runway or during the roll-out. These accidents typically consist of hard or long landings, ground loops (where the aircraft spins out on the ground), departures from the runway surface, etc. These types of accidents are rarely fatal and often do not involve other aircraft or structures. Commonly these accidents occur due to loss of control on the part of the pilot and, to some extent, weather conditions (California Division of Aeronautics, 2001).

The remaining 23 percent of accidents during the approach and landing phase of flight occur as the aircraft is maneuvered towards the runway for landing, in a portion of the airspace around the airport commonly rate
of descent, poor visibility, unexpected downdrafts, or tall objects beneath the final approach course.

Improper use of rudder on an aircraft during the last turn toward the runway can sometimes result in a stall (a cross-control stall) and resultant spin, causing the aircraft to strike the ground directly below the aircraft. The types of events that lead to approach accidents tend to place the accident site fairly close to the extended runway centerline. The probability of accidents increases as the flight path nears the approach end of the runway (California Division of Aeronautics 2001).

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-7 Hazards and Hazardous Materials According to aircraft accident plotting provided by the State Division of Aeronautics, most accidents that occur during the approach and landing phase of flight occur on the airport surface itself. The remainder of accidents that occur during this phase of flight are generally clustered along the extended centerline of the runway, where the aircraft is flying closest to the ground and with the lowest airspeed (California Division of Aeronautics 2001).

Takeoff and Departure Accidents
According to data collected by the State Division of Aeronautics, nearly 65 percent of all accidents during the takeoff and departure phase of flight occur during the initial climb phase, immediately after takeoff.

This data is correlated by two physical constraints of general aviation aircraft:

The takeoff and initial climb phase are times when the aircraft engine(s) is under maximum stress and is thus more susceptible to mechanical problems than at other phases of flight; and Average general aviation runways are not typically long enough to allow an aircraft that experiences a loss of power shortly after takeoff to land again and stop before the end of the runway.

While the majority of approach and landing accidents occur on or near to the centerline of the runway, accidents that occur during initial climb are more dispersed in their location as pilots are not attempting to get to any one specific point (such as a runway). Additionally, aircraft vary widely in payload, engine power, glide ratio, and several other factors that affect glide distance, handling characteristics after engine loss, and general response to engine failure. This further disperses the accident pattern. However, while the pattern is more dispersed than that seen for approach and landing accidents, the departure pattern is still generally localized in the direction of departure and within proximity of the centerline. This is partially due to the fact that pilots are trained to fly straight ahead and avoid turns when experiencing a loss of power or engine failure. Turning flight causes the aircraft to sink faster and flying straight allows for more time to attempt to fix the problem (California Division of Aeronautics 2001).

OTHER POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Wildland Fire Hazards
The State has charged the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) with the identification of Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZ) within State Responsibility Areas (SRA). In addition, CAL FIRE must recommend Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones (VHFHSZ) identified within any Local Responsibility Areas (LRA). The FHSZ maps are used by the State Fire Marshall as a basis for the adoption of applicable building code standards. The Study Area includes LRA and SRA, with portions being designated as VHFHSZs, as shown in Figure 5.20-1, Fire Hazard Severity Zones. This topic is discussed in detail in Section 5.20, Wildfire of this EIR.

Asbestos-Containing Materials (ACM)
Asbestos, a natural fiber used in the manufacturing of different building materials, has been identified as a human carcinogen. Most friable (i.e., easily broken or crushed) asbestos-containing materials (ACM) were banned in building materials by 1978. By 1989, most major manufacturers had voluntarily removed non-friable ACM (i.e., flooring, roofing, and mastics/sealants) from the market. These materials, however,

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-8 Hazards and Hazardous Materials were not banned completely. The Study Area includes existing development from and prior to the 1960s; therefore, the presence of ACM is likely in some structures.

Lead-Based Paint
Lead-based paint has been identified by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) as a potential health risk to humans, particularly children, based on its effects to the central nervous system, kidneys, and bloodstream. The risk of lead-based paint has been classified by HUD based upon the age and condition of the painted surface. The Study Area includes existing development from and prior to the 1960s; therefore, the presence of lead-based paint is likely in some structures.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE
The General Plan Public Safety Element establishes goals and policies specific to emergency preparedness.

The overall goal for emergency preparedness is to improve the ability of the City to respond effectively to natural and human-caused emergencies. This includes through implementation of plans and programs that directly relate to the goals of the Public Safety Element, such as the City of San Jacinto Emergency Operations Plan.

The City of San Jacinto Emergency Operations Plan (2021) addresses the planned response to extraordinary situations associated with natural disasters and/or human caused incidents. The EOP addresses the roles and responsibilities of the City of San Jacinto during all-hazards emergency response.

The City of San Jacinto manages and coordinates the overall emergency response and recovery activities within its jurisdiction. The City Manager, per Section 2.36.060 of the San Jacinto Municipal Code, is responsible to impress into service all officers and employees of the City to constitute the emergency organization of the City of San Jacinto. Since the City contracts with the County of Riverside for Police and Fire Services those positions and activities are coordinated with the respective staff assigned to San Jacinto. -entry in the event of an
emergency.

5.9.3 REGULATORY SETTING

FEDERAL
Aviation Act of 1958
The Federal Aviation Act resulted in the creation of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The FAA is charged with the creation and maintenance of a National Airspace System.

Federal Aviation Regulations (CFR, Title 14)
The Federal Aviation Regulation establish regulations related to aircraft, aeronautics, and inspection and permitting.

Clean Air Act
The Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) was first signed into law in 1970. In 1977, and again in 1990, the law was substantially amended. The FCAA is the foundation for a national air pollution control effort, and it is

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-9 Hazards and Hazardous Materials composed of the following basic elements: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for criteria air pollutants, hazardous air pollutant standards, state attainment plans, motor vehicle emissions standards, stationary source emissions standards and permits, acid rain control measures, stratospheric ozone protection, and enforcement provisions.

Clean Water Act
The Clean Water Act (CWA), which amended the Water Pollution Control Act (WPCA) of 1972, sets forth the Section 404 program to regulate the discharge of dredged and fill material into Waters of the United States and the Section 402 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) to regulate the discharge of pollutants into Waters of the United States. The Section 401 Water Quality Certification program establishes a framework of water quality protection for activities requiring a variety of Federal permits and approvals (including CWA Section 404, CWA Section 402, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Hydropower and Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act).

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) introduced active Federal involvement to emergency response, site remediation, and spill prevention, most notably the Superfund program. The Act was intended to be comprehensive in encompassing both the prevention of, and response to, uncontrolled hazardous material releases. CERCLA deals with environmental response, providing mechanisms for reacting to emergencies and to chronic hazardous material releases. In addition to establishing procedures to prevent and remedy problems, it establishes a system for compensating appropriate individuals and assigning appropriate liability. It is designed to plan for and respond to failure in other regulatory programs and to remedy problems resulting from action taken before the era of comprehensive regulatory protection.

Environmental Protection Agency
The primary regulator of hazards and hazardous materials is the EPA, whose mission is to protect human health and the environment. The city of San Jacinto is located within EPA Region 9, which includes Arizona, California, Hawaii, and New Mexico.

Hazardous Materials Transportation Act
The Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, as amended, is the statute regulating hazardous materials transportation in the United States. The purpose of the law is to provide adequate protection against the risks to life and property inherent in transporting hazardous materials in interstate commerce. This law gives the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and other agencies the authority to issue and enforce rules and regulations governing the safe transportation of hazardous materials.

Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act
The Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act authorizes the U.S. Department of Transportation Office of Pipeline Safety to regulate pipeline transportation of natural (flammable, toxic, or corrosive) gas and other gases as well as the transportation and storage of liquefied natural gas. The Office of Pipeline Safety regulates the design, construction, inspection, testing, operation, and maintenance of pipeline facilities. While the federal government is primarily responsible for developing, issuing, and enforcing pipeline safety

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-10 Hazards and Hazardous Materials regulations, the pipeline safety statutes provide for State assumption of the intrastate regulatory, inspection, and enforcement responsibilities under an annual certification. To qualify for certification, a state must adopt the minimum federal regulations and may adopt additional or more stringent regulations as long as they are not incompatible.

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
disposal) over hazardous materials and wastes. In California, the DTSC has RCRA authorization.

STATE
Airport Land Use Commission Law (Public Utilities Code Section 21670 et seq.) The law, passed in 1967, authorized the creation of ALUCs in California. Per the Public Utilities Code, the purpose of an ALUC is to protect public health, safety, and welfare by encouraging orderly expansion of airports and the adoption of land use measures that minimizes exposure to excessive noise and safety hazards within areas around public airports to the extent that these areas are not already devoted to incompatible uses (Public Utilities Code Section 21670). Furthermore, each ALUC must prepare an Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan (ALUCP). Each ALUCP, which must be based on a twenty-year planning horizon, should focus on broadly defined noise and safety impacts.

Assembly Bill 337
Per AB 337, local fire prevention authorities and CAL FIRE are required to identify VHFHSZ in LRA.

Standards related to brush clearance and the use of fire-resistant materials in FHSZ are also established.

California Code of Regulations
Title 3 of the California Code of Regulations (CCR) pertains to the application of pesticides and related chemicals. Parties applying regulated substances must continuously evaluate application equipment, the weather, the treated lands and all surrounding properties. Title 3 prohibits any application that would:

Contaminate persons not involved in the application;
Damage non-target crops or animals or any other public or private property; and Contaminate public or private property or create health hazards on said property.

Title 8 of the CCR establishes California Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Cal OSHA) requirements related to public and worker protection. Topics addressed in Title 8 include materials exposure limits, equipment requirements, protective clothing, hazardous materials, and accident prevention. Construction safety and exposure standards for lead and asbestos are set forth in Title 8.

Title 14 of the CCR establishes minimum standards for solid waste handling and disposal.

Title 17 of the CCR establishes regulations relating to the use and disturbance of materials containing naturally occurring asbestos.

Title 19 of the CCR establishes a variety of emergency fire response, fire prevention, and construction and construction materials standards.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-11 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Title 22 of the CCR sets forth definitions of hazardous waste and special waste. The section also identifies hazardous waste criteria and establishes regulations pertaining to the storage, transport, and disposal of hazardous waste.

Title 26 of the CCR is a combination of State regulations pertaining to hazardous materials and waste that are presented in other regulatory sections. Title 26 mandates specific management criteria related to hazardous materials identification, packaging, and disposal. In addition, Title 26 establishes requirements for hazardous materials transport, containment, treatment, and disposal. Finally, staff training standards are set forth in Title 26.

Title 27 of the CCR sets forth a variety of regulations relating to the construction, operation, and waste. Each class of landfill is constructed to contain specific types of waste (household, inert, special, and hazardous).

California Department of Transportation
Caltrans has adopted policy and guidelines relating to traffic noise as outlined in the Traffic Noise Analysis Protocol (Caltrans 2020). The noise abatement criteria specified in the protocol are the same as those specified by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).

California Government Code Section 65302
This section, which establishes standards for developing and updating General Plans, includes fire hazard assessment and Safety Element content requirements.

California Health and Safety Code
Division 11 of the Health and Safety Code establishes regulations related to a variety of explosive substances and devices, including high explosives and fireworks. Section 12000 et seq. establishes regulations related to explosives and explosive devices, including permitting, handling, storage, and transport (in quantities greater than 1,000 pounds).

Division 12 establishes requirements for buildings used by the public, including essential services buildings, earthquake hazard mitigation technologies, school buildings, and postsecondary buildings.

Section 13000 et seq. establishes State fire regulations and broadly applicable regulations, such as standards for buildings and fire protection devices, in addition to regulations for specific land uses, such as childcare facilities and high-rise structures.

Division 20 establishes DTSC authority and sets forth hazardous waste and underground storage tank regulations. In addition, the division creates a state superfund framework that mirrors the Federal program.

Division 26 establishes California Air Resources Board (CARB) authority. The division designates CARB as the air pollution control agency per Federal regulations and charges the Board with meeting Clean Air Act requirements.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-12 Hazards and Hazardous Materials California Vehicle Code Section 31600 (Transportation of Explosives) This code establishes requirements related to the transportation of explosives in quantities greater than 1,000 pounds, including licensing and route identification.

California Public Resources Code
establishment of SRA.

Public Resources Code Section 4291 sets forth defensible space requirements, which are applicable to anyo
a mountainous area, forest-covered lands, brush-covered lands, grass-covered lands, or land that is Food and Agriculture Code
Division 6 of the California Food and Agriculture Code establishes pesticide application regulations. The division establishes training standards for pilots conducting aerial applications as well as permitting and certification requirements.

State Oversight of Hazards and Hazardous Materials
The DTSC is primarily responsible for regulating the handling, use, and disposal of toxic materials. The SWRCB regulates discharge of potentially hazardous materials to waterways and aquifers and administers the basin plans for groundwater resources in the various regions of the state. The Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) oversees surface and groundwater. Programs intended to protect workers from exposure to hazardous materials and from accidental upset are covered under OSHA at the federal and state level (Cal OSHA) and the California Department of Health Services (DHS) at the state level. Air quality is regulated through the CARB and South Coast Air Quality Management District. The State Fire Marshal is responsible for the protection of life and property through the development and application of fire prevention engineering, education, and enforcement; CAL FIRE provides fire protection services for State and privately-owned wildlands.

Senate Bill 99
SB 99 requires cities and counties, upon the next revision of the housing element on or after January 1, 2020, to review and update the safety element to include information identifying residential developments in hazard areas that do not have at least two emergency evacuation routes (California Government Code Section 65302(g)(5)).

Water Code
Division 7 of the California Water Code, commonly referred to as the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act, created the SWRCB and the RWQCB. In addition, water quality responsibilities are established for the SWRCB and RWQCBs.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-13 Hazards and Hazardous Materials LOCAL
County of Riverside Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan The purpose of the 2018 Riverside County Operational Area Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation probability of future occurrences, and set goals to mitigate potential risks to reduce or eliminate longterm risk to people and property from natural and man-made hazards. The plan identifies vulnerabilities, provides recommendations for prioritized mitigation actions, evaluates resources and identifies mitigation shortcomings, provides future mitigation planning and maintenance of existing plan.

Riverside County Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan
In October 2004, the Riverside County ALUC adopted the Riverside County ALUCP for all 12 public, two private, and one military use airports in Riverside County and one public airport in the adjacent County of San Bernardino. The basic function of the County ALUCP is to promote compatibility between airports and the land uses that surround them. The County ALUCP Policy Document establishes policies applicable to land use compatibility planning in the vicinity of airports throughout Riverside County.

County of Riverside Department of Environmental Health
The Riverside County Department of Environmental Health Hazardous Materials Branch is the local administrative agency (i.e., Certified Unified Program Agency) that coordinates the regulation of hazardous materials and hazardous waste in Riverside County, including the City of San Jacinto. The Certified Unified Program Agency (CUPA) is responsible for consolidating, coordinating, and making consistent the administrative requirements, permits, inspections, and enforcement activities of State standards regarding the transportation, use, and disposal of hazardous materials in Riverside County. The Department implements the hazardous materials business plans that include an inventory of hazardous materials used, handled, or stored at any business in the County, and is also responsible for regulating hazardous materials handlers, hazardous waste generators, underground storage tank facilities, aboveground storage tanks, and stationary sources handling regulated substances.

Riverside County Department of Waste Resources
The Riverside County Department of Waste Resources operates permanent household hazardous waste facilities that offer service on a regular basis and temporary one-day and two-day events throughout the year that provide residents a free and environmentally safe way to properly dispose or recycle hazardous household waste. In addition, businesses and government agencies in the County that generate less than 220 pounds of hazardous waste a month can participate in the Very Small Quantity Generator Program to properly dispose of hazardous waste.

City of San Jacinto Emergency Operations Plan 2021
The City of San Jacinto adopted its Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) in May 2021. The EOP addresses the planned response to extraordinary situations associated with natural disasters and/or human caused incidents. The EOP focuses on coordinating mutual aid and provides an overview of the operational concepts relating to various emergency situations, identifies components of the emergency response, and

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-14 Hazards and Hazardous Materials describes the overall responsibilities of the Riverside County Operational Area (OA) for supporting OA Members in protecting life and property.

City of San Jacinto Municipal Code
Municipal Code Chapter 8.16, Fire Code, adopts and incorporates the 2019 California Fire Code, as amended by Section 8.16.020, Adoption and Amendments to California Fire Code. The Fire Code sets fire safety related building standards and practices to safeguard life and property. Additionally, San Jacinto Development Code (SJDC) Section 17.300.050, Fire Hazards, contains regulations to address structural and wildland fire hazards. Section 17.300.050 requires compliance with the California Fire Code and CCR, Title 19 relating to the use, handling, storage, and transportation of combustibles and explosives. Section

17.300.050 also requires preparation of a fire management plan for all development located in or adjacent to wildfire prone areas (i.e., naturally vegetated hillsides). The fire management plan is subject to the review and approval of the Fire Chief, who may require fire protection measures (e.g., landscape or open space buffers), maintenance programs for weed and vegetation abatement, installation of fire-resistant plants, and the use of noncombustible building materials, including roofing.

Municipal Code Chapter 15.28, Hillside Development, regulates development of hillside areas by relating the number and distribution of dwelling units and other buildings to the topography to prevent disfigurement of the terrain through extensive cut and fill. These regulations are also designed to minimize danger to life and property due to the hazards of fire, flood soil erosion, seepage, and destruction of natural topography and plant material.

Municipal Code Chapter 8.32, Garbage Collection and Disposal, regulates solid waste handling, including hazardous waste, in order to protect public health, safety, and welfare.

5.9.4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND THRESHOLDS
Appendix G of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines contains the Initial Study Environmental Checklist, which includes questions related to hazards and hazardous materials. The issues presented in the Initial Study Environmental Checklist have been utilized as thresholds of significance in this section. Accordingly, a project may create a significant environmental impact if it would:

Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials;
Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment; Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school; Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment;
For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area;

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-15 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan; and/or
Expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires.

5.9.5 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
HAZ-1: Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? Impact Analysis: Many types of businesses utilize various chemicals and hazardous materials, and their routine business operations involve chemicals that are manufactured, warehoused, or transported.

Implementation of the General Plan Update would accommodate the future development of both residential and non-residential uses. Increased development would result in an increase in the routine transport, use, and storage of hazardous materials in the City, potentially resulting in accidental releases.

Risk of upset can involve scenarios that could adversely affect the public or the environment through accidental release of hazardous materials. Exposure of persons to hazardous materials could also occur through the operations of future developments associated with the improper handling of hazardous materials/wastes, particularly by untrained personnel; transportation accident; environmentally unsound disposal methods; or fire, explosion, or other emergencies. Typical incidents that could create a hazard a hazardous materials and/or natural disasters causing the unauthorized release of a substance. If not cleaned up immediately and completely, these and other types of incidents could cause contamination of soil, surface water and groundwater, in addition to any toxic vapors that might be generated. Human exposure to contaminated soil or water could have potential health effects depending on a variety of factors, including the nature of the contaminant and the degree of exposure.

The use, transportation, and disposal of hazardous materials is regulated and monitored by local fire departments, CUPAs, Cal OSHA, and the DTSC consistent with the requirements of federal, State, and local regulations and policies. Facilities that store hazardous materials on-site are required to maintain a Hazardous Materials Business Plan in accordance with State regulations. In the event of an accidental release of hazardous materials, the local CUPA and emergency management agencies (e.g., Police and Fire) would respond. All future projects allowed under the General Plan would be required to comply with the provisions of federal, State, and local requirements related to hazardous materials. As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City, each project would be evaluated for potential impacts, specific to the project, associated with hazardous materials as required under CEQA.

In addition to the requirements associated with federal, State, and local regulations, the General Plan Update includes policies and actions to address potential impacts associated with hazardous materials among other issues. Policy PS-4.1 would ensure that Riverside County Fire Department (RCFD) enforces the Uniform Fire Code relating to the use of hazardous materials and ensure that appropriate regulations are followed, and precautions are taken for the type and amount of hazard being created. Policy PS-4.2 requires that developers coordinate with the Riverside County Department of Public Health to confirm that hazardous waste cleanup sites located within the City are remediated by the property owner in a

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Packet Pg. 2209 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-16 Hazards and Hazardous Materials manner that keeps the public safe. Policy PS-4.4 promotes the routing of vehicles carrying potentially hazardous materials to transportation corridors posing the minimum risk to the public. Policy PS-4.6 requires appropriate environmental analysis to be conducted for any proposed hazardous waste materials treatment or transfer, in accordance with environmental review requirements. Action PS-4a requires, as part of the development review process, projects that result in significant risks associated with hazardous materials to include measures to address the risks and reduce the risks to an acceptable level. Action PS4b requires the submittal of information regarding hazardous materials manufacturing, storage, use, transport, and/or disposal by existing and proposed businesses and developments to RCFD. Action PS-4d protects the community from hazards related to air pollution, hazardous materials, and ground and air transportation by requiring feasible mitigation to be incorporated into new development and redevelopment proposals to address safety impacts associated with those proposals. Action PS-4f minimizes public health risks and environmental risks from the use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials. Actions PS-4g and PS-4h work to inform the public about proper hazardous waste disposal and implements collection services for hazardous waste. These General Plan Update policies and actions would ensure that potential hazards are identified on a project site, that development is located in areas where potential exposure to hazards and hazardous materials can be mitigated to an acceptable level, and that business operations comply with federal and State regulations regarding the use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials. The General Plan Update also includes policies and actions to ensure that the City has adequate emergency response plans and measures to respond in the event of an accidental release of a hazardous substance. Policy PS-5.1 ensures the provision of sufficient levels of all emergency response services to protect the health, safety, and welfare of all persons and to protect property in the City. Policy PS-5.2 supports the development of local preparedness plans and multijurisdictional cooperation and communication agreements for emergency situations. Policy PS-5.5 directs the City to participate in automatic and mutual aid agreements with adjacent service providers to ensure efficient and adequate resources, facilities, and support services before, during, and after emergencies.

Policy PS-5.7 directs the City to work with RCFD and RCSD) to maintain, update, and regularly exercise emergency access, protocols, and evacuation routes to assess their effectiveness under a range of emergency scenarios. Action PS-5b ensures the City regularly practices implementation of the EOP and updates it regularly. Action PS-5f ensures the City annually reviews and updates the Emergency Preparedness Plan under the provision of the State Emergency Management System format to maximize the efforts of emergency service providers (e.g., fire, medical, and law enforcement) and minimize human suffering and property damage during disasters. It also supports highlevel multi-jurisdictional cooperation and communication for emergency planning and management.

As described previously, hazardous materials regulations related to the use, handling, and transport of hazardous materials are codified in Titles 8, 22, and 26 of the CCR, and their enabling legislation set forth in the California Health and Safety Code. These laws were established at the State level to ensure compliance with federal regulations to reduce the risk to human health and the environment from the routine use of hazardous substances. These regulations must be implemented by employers/businesses, as appropriate, and are monitored by the State (e.g., Cal OSHA in the workplace or DTSC for hazardous waste) and/or the County. The haulers and users of hazardous materials are listed with and regulated and monitored by the County of Riverside Department of Public Health. Compliance with the requirements of federal, State, and local laws and regulations regarding the use and storage of hazardous materials would

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Packet Pg. 2210 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-17 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ensure that risks resulting from the routine transportation, use, storage, or disposal of hazardous materials or hazardous wastes associated with implementation of the General Plan Update would be less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

MOBILITY ELEMENT
Policy M-1.4: Truck Routes. Maintain a truck route network that supports the efficient movement of goods within and beyond the City, while minimizing noise and safety hazards to the extent feasible.

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Goal PS-4: Hazardous Materials and Waste. A community that is protected from the potential for hazardous waste and materials contamination.

Policy PS-4.1: Regulations. Ensure that RCFD enforces the Uniform Fire Code relating to the use of hazardous materials and ensure that appropriate regulations are followed, and precautions are taken for the type and amount of hazard being created.

Policy PS-4.2: Cleanup Sites. Require that developers coordinate with the Riverside County Department of Public Health to confirm that hazardous waste cleanup sites located within the City are remediated by the property owner in a manner that keeps the public safe.

Policy PS-4.3: County Plans. Utilize the Riverside Countywide Integrated Waste Management Plan to ensure that local regulation and practices are consistent with the policy direction and action programs that the County recommends.

Policy PS-4.4: Transportation. Promote the routing of vehicles carrying potentially hazardous materials to transportation corridors posing the minimum risk to the public.

Policy PS-4.5: Household Hazardous Waste. Reduce the per capita production of household hazardous waste in San Jacinto in concert with the County of Riverside plans for reducing hazardous waste.

Policy PS-4.6: Proposed Facilities. Require appropriate environmental analysis to be conducted for any proposed hazardous waste materials treatment or transfer, in accordance with environmental review requirements.

Policy PS-4.7: Emergency Response. Work with RCFD and other responding agencies to ensure that emergency personnel respond safely and effectively to a hazardous materials incident in the city.

Policy PS-4.8: Public Education.

Riverside to increase public awareness about proper disposal related to household hazardous waste and inform the San Jacinto community regarding relevant services and programs to address issues related to hazardous waste and materials.

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Packet Pg. 2211 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-18 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Action PS-4a: As part of the development review process, require projects that result in significant risks associated with hazardous materials to include measures to address the risks and reduce the risks to an acceptable level.

Action PS-4b: Require the submittal of information regarding hazardous materials manufacturing, storage, use, transport, and/or disposal by existing and proposed businesses and developments to RCFD.

Action PS-4c: Promote off-site hazardous materials and/or electronic waste drop-off.

Action PS-4d: Protect the community from hazards related to air pollution, hazardous materials, and ground and air transportation by requiring feasible mitigation to be incorporated into new development and redevelopment proposals to address safety impacts associated with those proposals.

Action PS-4e: Continue to monitor regulations governing the use of pesticides and work with the County Agricultural Commissioner to promote the responsible use of pesticides.

Action PS-4f: Minimize public health risks and environmental risks from the use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials.

Action PS-4g: Continue to work with the County of Riverside Environmental Health Department to implement and advertise the Household Hazardous Waste Collection Program to protect residents from dangers resulting from the use, transport, and disposal of hazardous materials used in the home. Provide informational materials at public locations and links facilities, drop-off centers, and the 24-hour Household Hazardous Waste hotline.

Action PS-4h:
implement the Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators (CESQG) program, which is a hazardous waste pick-up disposal service for eligible, businesses/non-profit organizations in the County of Riverside. This program provides an affordable way to legally dispose of this waste. Provide informational materials at public locations and links Action PS-4i: Amend the Municipal Code to require that, prior to issuance of any grading or building permit (whichever occurs first) for a project on a site identified on any list of hazardous materials compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5, a formal Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) shall be prepared in accordance with ASTM Standard Practice E 1527-05 or the Standards and Practices for All Appropriate Inquiry ase I ESA
shall identify specific Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs), which may require further sampling/remedial activities by a qualified Hazardous Materials Specialist with Phase II/site characterization experience prior to demolition, and/or construction. The Hazardous Materials Specialist shall identify proper remedial activities appropriate to the

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Packet Pg. 2212 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-19 Hazards and Hazardous Materials hazardous material(s) found (e.g., removal and disposal; bio-remediation; pump and treat; soil vapor extraction, and in situ oxidation), as necessary.

Goal PS-5: Emergency Operations. A community that is highly prepared and equipped to handle emergency situations, in order to minimize loss of life, injury, property damage, and disruption of vital services.

Policy PS-5.1: Emergency Response Services. Provide sufficient levels of all emergency response services to protect the health, safety, and welfare of all persons and to protect property in the City.

Policy PS-5.2: Emergency Preparedness Plans. Support the development of local preparedness plans and multi-jurisdictional cooperation and communication agreements for emergency situations.

Policy PS-5.3: Critical Facilities. Coordinate with service providers to ensure the resilience of critical facilities, lifeline services, and infrastructure, and plan for the use of critical facilities during post-disaster response and recovery.

Policy PS-5.4: Local Coordination. Coordinate with local key stakeholders (officials, schools, businesses, and organizations) within the community to make them aware of their role in the emergency plan and the necessary requirements in case of emergency.

Policy PS-5.5: Automatic and Mutual Aid. Participate in automatic and mutual aid agreements with adjacent service providers to ensure efficient and adequate resources, facilities, and support services before, during, and after emergencies.

Policy PS-5.6: Communications. Evaluate the potential to utilize a comprehensive emergency communication system that allows for efficient connection in case of emergency.

Policy PS-5.7: Emergency Evacuation Routes and Access. Work with RCFD and RCSD to maintain, update, and regularly exercise emergency access, protocols, and evacuation routes to assess their effectiveness under a range of emergency scenarios.

Policy PS-5.8: Emergency Shelters. Periodically coordinate with emergency shelter providers to ensure that necessary equipment supplies are available in case of emergency.

Policy PS-5.9: Disaster Recovery. Work with emergency service providers to implement post-disaster recovery plans to return public services to a state of normalcy, address ongoing hazardspecific mitigations, and assist community members in recovering from disasters.

Policy PS-5.11: Community Training Programs. Support community-based emergency training programs as a valuable asset to the community.

Policy PS-5.12: Public Education. Educate residents and businesses through programs and outreach materials on hazards pertaining to San Jacinto and appropriate actions to safeguard life and property during and immediately after emergencies.

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Packet Pg. 2213 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-20 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Policy PS-5.13: School Safety. Coordinate with local schools related to their programs and practices regarding emergency preparedness.

Action PS-5a: Coordinate with the County of Riverside to keep the Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan up to date.

Action PS-5b:
regularly.

Action PS-5c: Regularly review County and State emergency response procedures that must be coordinated with City procedures.

Action PS-5f: Annually review and update the Emergency Preparedness Plan under the provision of the State Emergency Management System format to maximize the efforts of emergency service providers (e.g., fire, medical, and law enforcement) and minimize human suffering and property damage during disasters. Support high-level multi-jurisdictional cooperation and communication for emergency planning and management.

Action PS-5g: Coordinate with local agencies and organizations to develop and distribute informational brochures and give presentations to civic groups and local schools to educate residents and businesses about appropriate actions to take during an emergency situation.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Policy RM-6.1: Provision of Police and Fire Services.

Department and the Riverside County Fire Department to maintain adequate staff and equipment to provide efficient, high quality, and responsive public safety services to the San Jacinto community.

Action RM-6c: In cooperation with the school districts, police and fire departments, and local, state, and federal emergency management agencies, implement an Emergency Operation Center (EOC) to respond to and manage disasters. Provide annual training for City staff in emergency management so that when they are called into action, they will be able to distribute information and resources to the public effectively.

Policy RM-10.3:Hazardous Waste. Promote the proper disposal of hazardous waste, including paint, tires, medications, medical sharps, infectious waste, asbestos waste, construction waste, and electronic waste, through education, monitoring, and enforcement of proper use, storage, handling, and disposal.

Action RM-10a:On an ongoing basis and in compliance with State law, ensure solid waste collection activities completed by franchise solid waste haulers, facility siting and construction of transfer and/or disposal facilities, operation of waste reduction and recycling programs, and household hazardous waste disposal and education programs are consistent with the County Solid Waste Management Plan.

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Packet Pg. 2214 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-21 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Action RM-10c: Encourage the expansion of recycling, reuse, and appropriate disposal of hazardous materials, including the following:

Increased participation in single family and multifamily residential curbside recycling programs;
Increased participation in commercial and industrial recycling programs for paper, cardboard, and plastics;
Reduce yard and landscaping waste through methods such as composting, grass recycling, and using resource efficient landscaping techniques; and Encourage local businesses to provide electronic waste (e-waste) drop-off services and encourage residents and businesses to properly dispose of, or recycle, ewaste.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

HAZ-2: Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment?
Impact Analysis:

Short-Term Construction-Related Accidental Release of Hazardous Materials The General Plan Update would enable development of new residential, commercial, industrial, and public uses. Construction activities associated with new development could result in upset and/or accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment.

Demolition
Specific development projects have not been identified as part of the General Plan Update. However, future development accommodated through implementation of the General Plan Update could involve the demolition of existing structures and buildings as areas within the City are redeveloped. As discussed above, the Study Area includes existing development from and prior to the 1960s; therefore, the presence of lead-based paint, ACM, and/or other contaminants, which are typically present in buildings and structures constructed prior to 1978, are likely present in some structures. All demolition that could result in the release of ACMs or lead-based paint would be conducted according to federal and State regulations which govern the renovation and demolition of structures where ACMs and lead-based paint are present.

The National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants mandates that building owners conduct an asbestos survey to determine the presence of ACMs prior to the commencement of any remedial work, including demolition. In accordance with SCAQMD Rule 1403, if ACM material is found, abatement of asbestos would be required prior to any demolition activities. If paint is separated from building materials (chemically or physically) during demolition of the structures, the paint waste would be required to be evaluated independently from the building material by a qualified Environmental Professional in

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Packet Pg. 2215 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-22 Hazards and Hazardous Materials accordance with California Code of Regulations Title 8, Section 1532.1. If lead-based paint is found, abatement would be required to be completed by a qualified Lead Specialist prior to any demolition activities. Compliance with existing regulations related to ACM and lead-based paint would reduce potential impacts to a less than significant level.

Soil and Groundwater Contamination in Unknown Contaminated Sites Future development accommodated through implementation of the General Plan Update could involve grading and excavation activities which could expose construction workers and the public to previously unknown hazardous substances present in the soil or groundwater. The presence of unknown hazardous substances, such as pesticides and heavy metals from agricultural activities, may be of particular concern when developing on former agricultural land within the Study Area. Exposure to contaminants could occur if the contaminants migrated to surrounding areas or if contaminated zones were disturbed at the contaminated location. Grading and excavation activities could also reveal previously unidentified underground storage tanks. Although underground storage tank removal activities could pose risks to workers and the public, potential risks would be minimized by managing the tank according to existing Riverside County Department of Environmental Health Hazardous Materials Branch standards. Potential impacts to groundwater would be dependent upon the type of contaminant, the amount released, and depth to groundwater at the time of the release.

The public could also be exposed to hazardous materials if new development or redevelopment were to be located on a current or historical hazardous material site. There are no active cleanup sites within the Study Area listed in the EnviroStor database. Further, there are no open LUST sites in the Study Area.

Future development associated with implementation of the General Plan Update would be reviewed at the project-level to determine whether any development sites are listed on a hazardous materials site.

Any development activities that may occur on documented hazardous materials sites would be required to undergo remediation and cleanup under the supervision of the regulatory agencies, such as DTSC and the Santa Ana RWQCB.

In addition to the requirements associated with federal, State, and local regulations, the General Plan Update includes policies and actions to address potential impacts associated with potentially contaminated sites. Policy PS-4.1 would ensure that RCFD enforces the Uniform Fire Code relating to the use of hazardous materials and ensure that appropriate regulations are followed, and precautions are taken for the type and amount of hazard being created. Policy PS-4.2 requires that developers coordinate with the Riverside County Department of Public Health to confirm that hazardous waste cleanup sites located within the City are remediated by the property owner in a manner that keeps the public safe.

Policy PS-4.4 promotes the routing of vehicles carrying potentially hazardous materials to transportation corridors posing the minimum risk to the public. Policy PS-4.6 requires appropriate environmental analysis to be conducted for any proposed hazardous waste materials treatment or transfer, in accordance with environmental review requirements. Action PS-4a requires, as part of the development review process, projects that result in significant risks associated with hazardous materials to include measures to address the risks and reduce the risks to an acceptable level. Action PS-4f minimizes public health risks and environmental risks from the use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials. Actions PS-4g and PS-4h work to inform the public about proper hazardous waste disposal and implements collection

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Packet Pg. 2216 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-23 Hazards and Hazardous Materials services for hazardous waste. Compliance with General Plan Update goals, policies, and actions, and existing regulations would reduce potential impacts involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment as a result of on-site contamination to a less than significant level.

Long-Term Operations-Related Accidental Release of Hazardous Materials Long-term operation activities associated with new development could result in upset and/or accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment. The General Plan Update does not propose site-specific development; thus, specific hazardous materials that could be accidentally released cannot be predicted at this time. Typical incidents that could occur due to the accidental release of hazardous materials include leaking underground storage tanks, spills during transport, inappropriate storage or use, and/or natural disasters.

If not cleaned up immediately and completely, these and other types of incidents could cause contamination of soil, surface water, and groundwater, in addition to any toxic fumes that might be generated. Depending on the nature and extent of the contamination, groundwater supplies could become unsuitable for use as a domestic water source. Human exposure to contaminated soil or water could have potential health effects depending on a variety of factors, including the nature of the contaminant and the degree of exposure.

The transport, storage, and handling of hazardous materials by developers, contractors, business owners, and others are required to comply with federal, State, and local regulations during project construction and operation. Facilities that use hazardous materials are required to obtain permits from the EPA under the RCRA, which gives the EPA the authority to control the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste. Additionally, the hazardous materials regulations included in federal law govern the transportation of hazardous materials. Locally, the Riverside County Department of Environmental Health Hazardous Materials Branch is the CUPA for Riverside County and is responsible for consolidating, coordinating, and making consistent the administrative requirements, permits, inspections, and enforcement activities of state standards regarding the transportation, use, and disposal of hazardous materials in Riverside County, including the Study Area.

The General Plan Update includes policies and actions to address potential accidental exposure of individuals as a consequence of unknown existing environmental contaminants. Action PS-4b requires the submittal of information regarding hazardous materials manufacturing, storage, use, transport, and/or disposal by existing and proposed businesses and developments to RCFD. Action PS-4d protects the community from hazards related to air pollution, hazardous materials, and ground and air transportation by requiring feasible mitigation to be incorporated into new development and redevelopment proposals to address safety impacts associated with those proposals. Compliance with all applicable federal, State, and local laws related to the transport, storage, and handling of hazardous materials would reduce the likelihood and severity of accidents, and impacts involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment would be less than significant.

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Packet Pg. 2217 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-24 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

MOBILITY ELEMENT
Policy M-1.4: Truck Routes. Maintain a truck route network that supports the efficient movement of goods within and beyond the City, while minimizing noise and safety hazards to the extent feasible.

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Goal PS-4: Hazardous Materials and Waste. A community that is protected from the potential for hazardous waste and materials contamination.

Policy PS-4.1: Regulations. Ensure that RCFD enforces the Uniform Fire Code relating to the use of hazardous materials and ensure that appropriate regulations are followed, and precautions are taken for the type and amount of hazard being created.

Policy PS-4.2: Cleanup Sites. Require that developers coordinate with the Riverside County Department of Public Health to confirm that hazardous waste cleanup sites located within the City are remediated by the property owner in a manner that keeps the public safe.

Policy PS-4.3: County Plans. Utilize the Riverside Countywide Integrated Waste Management Plan to ensure that local regulation and practices are consistent with the policy direction and action programs that the County recommends.

Policy PS-4.4: Transportation. Promote the routing of vehicles carrying potentially hazardous materials to transportation corridors posing the minimum risk to the public.

Policy PS-4.5: Household Hazardous Waste. Reduce the per capita production of household hazardous waste in San Jacinto in concert with the County of Riverside plans for reducing hazardous waste.

Policy PS-4.6: Proposed Facilities. Require appropriate environmental analysis to be conducted for any proposed hazardous waste materials treatment or transfer, in accordance with environmental review requirements.

Policy PS-4.8: Public Education.

Riverside to increase public awareness about proper disposal related to household hazardous waste and inform the San Jacinto community regarding relevant services and programs to address issues related to hazardous waste and materials.

Action PS-4a: As part of the development review process, require projects that result in significant risks associated with hazardous materials to include measures to address the risks and reduce the risks to an acceptable level.

Action PS-4b: Require the submittal of information regarding hazardous materials manufacturing, storage, use, transport, and/or disposal by existing and proposed businesses and developments to RCFD.

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Packet Pg. 2218 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-25 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Action PS-4c: Promote off-site hazardous materials and/or electronic waste drop-off.

Action PS-4d: Protect the community from hazards related to air pollution, hazardous materials, and ground and air transportation by requiring feasible mitigation to be incorporated into new development and redevelopment proposals to address safety impacts associated with those proposals.

Action PS-4e: Continue to monitor regulations governing the use of pesticides and work with the County Agricultural Commissioner to promote the responsible use of pesticides.

Action PS-4f: Minimize public health risks and environmental risks from the use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials.

Action PS-4g: Continue to work with the County of Riverside Environmental Health Department to implement and advertise the Household Hazardous Waste Collection Program to protect residents from dangers resulting from the use, transport, and disposal of hazardous materials used in the home. Provide informational materials at public locations and links , Oil, and Paint (ABOP) program, collection
facilities, drop-off centers, and the 24-hour Household Hazardous Waste hotline.

Action PS-4h:
implement the Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators (CESQG) program, which is a hazardous waste pick-up disposal service for eligible, businesses/non-profit organizations in the County of Riverside. This program provides an affordable way to legally dispose of this waste. Provide informational materials at public locations and links Action PS-4i: Amend the Municipal Code to require that, prior to issuance of any grading or building permit (whichever occurs first) for a project on a site identified on any list of hazardous materials compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5, a formal Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) shall be prepared in accordance with ASTM Standard Practice E 1527-05 or the Standards and Practices for All Appropriate Inquiry shall identify specific Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs), which may require further sampling/remedial activities by a qualified Hazardous Materials Specialist with Phase II/site characterization experience prior to demolition, and/or construction. The Hazardous Materials Specialist shall identify proper remedial activities appropriate to the hazardous material(s) found (e.g., removal and disposal; bio-remediation; pump and treat; soil vapor extraction, and in situ oxidation), as necessary.

Goal PS-5: Emergency Operations. A community that is highly prepared and equipped to handle emergency situations, in order to minimize loss of life, injury, property damage, and disruption of vital services.

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Packet Pg. 2219 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-26 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Policy PS-5.1: Emergency Response Services. Provide sufficient levels of all emergency response services to protect the health, safety, and welfare of all persons and to protect property in the City.

Policy PS-5.2: Emergency Preparedness Plans. Support the development of local preparedness plans and multi-jurisdictional cooperation and communication agreements for emergency situations.

Policy PS-5.3: Critical Facilities. Coordinate with service providers to ensure the resilience of critical facilities, lifeline services, and infrastructure, and plan for the use of critical facilities during post-disaster response and recovery.

Policy PS-5.4: Local Coordination. Coordinate with local key stakeholders (officials, schools, businesses, and organizations) within the community to make them aware of their role in the emergency plan and the necessary requirements in case of emergency.

Policy PS-5.5: Automatic and Mutual Aid. Participate in automatic and mutual aid agreements with adjacent service providers to ensure efficient and adequate resources, facilities, and support services before, during, and after emergencies.

Policy PS-5.6: Communications. Evaluate the potential to utilize a comprehensive emergency communication system that allows for efficient connection in case of emergency.

Policy PS-5.7: Emergency Evacuation Routes and Access. Work with RCFD and RCSD to maintain, update, and regularly exercise emergency access, protocols, and evacuation routes to assess their effectiveness under a range of emergency scenarios.

Policy PS-5.8: Emergency Shelters. Periodically coordinate with emergency shelter providers to ensure that necessary equipment supplies are available in case of emergency.

Policy PS-5.9: Disaster Recovery. Work with emergency service providers to implement post-disaster recovery plans to return public services to a state of normalcy, address ongoing hazardspecific mitigations, and assist community members in recovering from disasters.

Policy PS-5.11: Community Training Programs. Support community-based emergency training programs as a valuable asset to the community.

Policy PS-5.12: Public Education. Educate residents and businesses through programs and outreach materials on hazards pertaining to San Jacinto and appropriate actions to safeguard life and property during and immediately after emergencies.

Policy PS-5.13: School Safety. Coordinate with local schools related to their programs and practices regarding emergency preparedness.

Action PS-5a: Coordinate with the County of Riverside to keep the Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan up to date.

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Packet Pg. 2220 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-27 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Action PS-5b:
regularly.

Action PS-5c: Regularly review County and State emergency response procedures that must be coordinated with City procedures.

Action PS-5f: Annually review and update the Emergency Preparedness Plan under the provision of the State Emergency Management System format to maximize the efforts of emergency service providers (e.g., fire, medical, and law enforcement) and minimize human suffering and property damage during disasters. Support high-level multi-jurisdictional cooperation and communication for emergency planning and management.

Action PS-5g: Coordinate with local agencies and organizations to develop and distribute informational brochures and give presentations to civic groups and local schools to educate residents and businesses about appropriate actions to take during an emergency situation.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Policy RM-6.1: Provision of Police and Fire Services.

Department and the Riverside County Fire Department to maintain adequate staff and equipment to provide efficient, high quality, and responsive public safety services to the San Jacinto community.

Action RM-6c: In cooperation with the school districts, police and fire departments, and local, state, and federal emergency management agencies, implement an Emergency Operation Center (EOC) to respond to and manage disasters. Provide annual training for City staff in emergency management so that when they are called into action, they will be able to distribute information and resources to the public effectively.

Policy RM-10.3:Hazardous Waste. Promote the proper disposal of hazardous waste, including paint, tires, medications, medical sharps, infectious waste, asbestos waste, construction waste, and electronic waste, through education, monitoring, and enforcement of proper use, storage, handling, and disposal.

Action RM-10a:On an ongoing basis and in compliance with State law, ensure solid waste collection activities completed by franchise solid waste haulers, facility siting and construction of transfer and/or disposal facilities, operation of waste reduction and recycling programs, and household hazardous waste disposal and education programs are consistent with the County Solid Waste Management Plan.

Action RM-10c: Encourage the expansion of recycling, reuse, and appropriate disposal of hazardous materials, including the following:

Increased participation in single family and multifamily residential curbside recycling programs;

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Packet Pg. 2221 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-28 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Increased participation in commercial and industrial recycling programs for paper, cardboard, and plastics;
Reduce yard and landscaping waste through methods such as composting, grass recycling, and using resource efficient landscaping techniques; and Encourage local businesses to provide electronic waste (e-waste) drop-off services and encourage residents and businesses to properly dispose of, or recycle, e-waste.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

HAZ-3: Would the project emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school?
Impact Analysis: The City of San Jacinto is served by a variety of preschools, elementary, middle, and high schools; refer to Section 5.15, Public Services, of this EIR. As noted above, future development under the General Plan Update could utilize, transport, store, or dispose of hazardous materials during construction or operation. Excavation and grading activities associated with future development could expose the public to unknown hazardous materials present in soil or groundwater, which would require remediation activities. Remediation, if any, would include potential transport of hazardous materials to an approved landfill facility. As a result, future development within the Study Area could potentially emit or handle hazardous materials within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school.

CEQA Guidelines Section 15186, School Facilities, requires that school projects, as well as projects proposed to be located near schools, examine potential health impacts resulting from exposure to hazardous materials, wastes, and substances. Furthermore, permitting requirements for individual hazardous material handlers or emitters would require evaluation and notification where potential hazardous materials handling and emissions could occur in proximity to existing schools.

In addition to the requirements associated with federal, State, and local regulations, the General Plan Update includes policies and actions to address potential impacts associated with hazardous materials.

Policy PS-4.1 would ensure that RCFD enforces the Uniform Fire Code relating to the use of hazardous materials and ensure that appropriate regulations are followed, and precautions are taken for the type and amount of hazard being created. Policy PS-4.2 requires that developers coordinate with the Riverside County Department of Public Health to confirm that hazardous waste cleanup sites located within the City are remediated by the property owner in a manner that keeps the public safe. Policy PS-4.4 promotes the routing of vehicles carrying potentially hazardous materials to transportation corridors posing the minimum risk to the public. Policy PS-4.6 requires appropriate environmental analysis to be conducted for any proposed hazardous waste materials treatment or transfer, in accordance with environmental review requirements. Action PS-4a requires, as part of the development review process, projects that result in significant risks associated with hazardous materials to include measures to address the risks and reduce the risks to an acceptable level. Action PS-4b requires the submittal of information regarding

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Packet Pg. 2222 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-29 Hazards and Hazardous Materials hazardous materials manufacturing, storage, use, transport, and/or disposal by existing and proposed businesses and developments to RCFD. Action PS-4d protects the community from hazards related to air pollution, hazardous materials, and ground and air transportation by requiring feasible mitigation to be incorporated into new development and redevelopment proposals to address safety impacts associated with those proposals. Action PS-4f minimizes public health risks and environmental risks from the use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials. Actions PS-4g and PS-4h work to inform the public about proper hazardous waste disposal and implements collection services for hazardous waste.

Implementation of the safety procedures and regulations mandated by applicable federal, State, and local laws and the General Plan Update policies and actions would ensure that potential risks resulting from the routine transportation, use, storage, or disposal of hazardous materials or hazardous wastes in proximity to a school associated with implementation of the General Plan Update would be less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

MOBILITY ELEMENT
Policy M-1.4: Truck Routes. Maintain a truck route network that supports the efficient movement of goods within and beyond the City, while minimizing noise and safety hazards to the extent feasible.

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Goal PS-4: Hazardous Materials and Waste. A community that is protected from the potential for hazardous waste and materials contamination.

Policy PS-4.1: Regulations. Ensure that RCFD enforces the Uniform Fire Code relating to the use of hazardous materials and ensure that appropriate regulations are followed, and precautions are taken for the type and amount of hazard being created.

Policy PS-4.2: Cleanup Sites. Require that developers coordinate with the Riverside County Department of Public Health to confirm that hazardous waste cleanup sites located within the City are remediated by the property owner in a manner that keeps the public safe.

Policy PS-4.3: County Plans. Utilize the Riverside Countywide Integrated Waste Management Plan to ensure that local regulation and practices are consistent with the policy direction and action programs that the County recommends.

Policy PS-4.4: Transportation. Promote the routing of vehicles carrying potentially hazardous materials to transportation corridors posing the minimum risk to the public.

Policy PS-4.5: Household Hazardous Waste. Reduce the per capita production of household hazardous waste in San Jacinto in concert with the County of Riverside plans for reducing hazardous waste.

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Packet Pg. 2223 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-30 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Policy PS-4.6: Proposed Facilities. Require appropriate environmental analysis to be conducted for any proposed hazardous waste materials treatment or transfer, in accordance with environmental review requirements.

Policy PS-4.8: Public Education.

Riverside to increase public awareness about proper disposal related to household hazardous waste and inform the San Jacinto community regarding relevant services and programs to address issues related to hazardous waste and materials.

Action PS-4a: As part of the development review process, require projects that result in significant risks associated with hazardous materials to include measures to address the risks and reduce the risks to an acceptable level.

Action PS-4b: Require the submittal of information regarding hazardous materials manufacturing, storage, use, transport, and/or disposal by existing and proposed businesses and developments to RCFD.

Action PS-4c: Promote off-site hazardous materials and/or electronic waste drop-off.

Action PS-4d: Protect the community from hazards related to air pollution, hazardous materials, and ground and air transportation by requiring feasible mitigation to be incorporated into new development and redevelopment proposals to address safety impacts associated with those proposals.

Action PS-4e: Continue to monitor regulations governing the use of pesticides and work with the County Agricultural Commissioner to promote the responsible use of pesticides.

Action PS-4f: Minimize public health risks and environmental risks from the use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials.

Action PS-4g: Continue to work with the County of Riverside Environmental Health Department to implement and advertise the Household Hazardous Waste Collection Program to protect residents from dangers resulting from the use, transport, and disposal of hazardous materials used in the home. Provide informational materials at public locations and links facilities, drop-off centers, and the 24-hour Household Hazardous Waste hotline.

Action PS-4h:
implement the Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators (CESQG) program, which is a hazardous waste pick-up disposal service for eligible, businesses/non-profit organizations in the County of Riverside. This program provides an affordable way to legally dispose of this waste. Provide informational materials at public locations and links o
Action PS-4i: Amend the Municipal Code to require that, prior to issuance of any grading or building permit (whichever occurs first) for a project on a site identified on any list of hazardous

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Packet Pg. 2224 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-31 Hazards and Hazardous Materials materials compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5, a formal Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) shall be prepared in accordance with ASTM Standard Practice E 1527-05 or the Standards and Practices for All Appropriate Inquiry (AAI) and submitt
shall identify specific Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs), which may require further sampling/remedial activities by a qualified Hazardous Materials Specialist with Phase II/site characterization experience prior to demolition, and/or construction. The Hazardous Materials Specialist shall identify proper remedial activities appropriate to the hazardous material(s) found (e.g., removal and disposal; bio-remediation; pump and treat; soil vapor extraction, and in situ oxidation), as necessary.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Policy RM-10.3:Hazardous Waste. Promote the proper disposal of hazardous waste, including paint, tires, medications, medical sharps, infectious waste, asbestos waste, construction waste, and electronic waste, through education, monitoring, and enforcement of proper use, storage, handling, and disposal.

Action RM-10a:On an ongoing basis and in compliance with State law, ensure solid waste collection activities completed by franchise solid waste haulers, facility siting and construction of transfer and/or disposal facilities, operation of waste reduction and recycling programs, and household hazardous waste disposal and education programs are consistent with the County Solid Waste Management Plan.

Action RM-10c: Encourage the expansion of recycling, reuse, and appropriate disposal of hazardous materials, including the following:

Increased participation in single family and multifamily residential curbside recycling programs;
Increased participation in commercial and industrial recycling programs for paper, cardboard, and plastics;
Reduce yard and landscaping waste through methods such as composting, grass recycling, and using resource efficient landscaping techniques; and Encourage local businesses to provide electronic waste (e-waste) drop-off services and encourage residents and businesses to properly dispose of, or recycle, e-waste.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

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Packet Pg. 2225 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-32 Hazards and Hazardous Materials HAZ-4: Would the project be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? Impact Analysis: There Cortese list, compiled
pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5. Certified status means that it is a completed site with previously confirmed release that was subsequently certified by DTSC as having been remediated satisfactorily under DTSC oversight. Future development associated with implementation of the General Plan Update would be evaluated at the project-level to determine whether any development sites are listed on a hazardous materials site. Any development activities occurring on documented hazardous materials sites would be required to undergo remediation and cleanup under the supervision of the DTSC and the Santa Ana RWQCB prior to construction.

The General Plan Update includes policies and actions to address potential impacts associated with hazardous materials. Policy PS-4.1 would ensure that RCFD enforces the Uniform Fire Code relating to the use of hazardous materials and ensure that appropriate regulations are followed, and precautions are taken for the type and amount of hazard being created. Policy PS-4.2 requires that developers coordinate with the Riverside County Department of Public Health to confirm that hazardous waste cleanup sites located within the City are remediated by the property owner in a manner that keeps the public safe.

Policy PS-4.3 utilizes the Riverside Countywide Integrated Waste Management Plan to ensure that local regulation and practices are consistent with the policy direction and action programs that the County recommends. Policy PS-4.6 requires appropriate environmental analysis to be conducted for any proposed hazardous waste materials treatment or transfer, in accordance with environmental review requirements. Action PS-4a requires, as part of the development review process, projects that result in significant risks associated with hazardous materials to include measures to address the risks and reduce the risks to an acceptable level. Action PS-4b requires the submittal of information regarding hazardous materials manufacturing, storage, use, transport, and/or disposal by existing and proposed businesses and developments to RCFD. Action PS-4d protects the community from hazards related to air pollution, hazardous materials, and ground and air transportation by requiring feasible mitigation to be incorporated into new development and redevelopment proposals to address safety impacts associated with those proposals. Action PS-4f minimizes public health risks and environmental risks from the use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials. Compliance with General Plan Update goals, policies, and actions, and existing regulations would reduce potential impacts involving the hazardous materials sites.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Goal PS-4: Hazardous Materials and Waste. A community that is protected from the potential for hazardous waste and materials contamination.

Policy PS-4.1: Regulations. Ensure that RCFD enforces the Uniform Fire Code relating to the use of hazardous materials and ensure that appropriate regulations are followed, and precautions are taken for the type and amount of hazard being created.

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Packet Pg. 2226 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-33 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Policy PS-4.2: Cleanup Sites. Require that developers coordinate with the Riverside County Department of Public Health to confirm that hazardous waste cleanup sites located within the City are remediated by the property owner in a manner that keeps the public safe.

Policy PS-4.3: County Plans. Utilize the Riverside Countywide Integrated Waste Management Plan to ensure that local regulation and practices are consistent with the policy direction and action programs that the County recommends.

Policy PS-4.6: Proposed Facilities. Require appropriate environmental analysis to be conducted for any proposed hazardous waste materials treatment or transfer, in accordance with environmental review requirements.

Action PS-4a: As part of the development review process, require projects that result in significant risks associated with hazardous materials to include measures to address the risks and reduce the risks to an acceptable level.

Action PS-4b: Require the submittal of information regarding hazardous materials manufacturing, storage, use, transport, and/or disposal by existing and proposed businesses and developments to RCFD.

Action PS-4d: Protect the community from hazards related to air pollution, hazardous materials, and ground and air transportation by requiring feasible mitigation to be incorporated into new development and redevelopment proposals to address safety impacts associated with those proposals.

Action PS-4f: Minimize public health risks and environmental risks from the use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials.

Action PS-4i: Amend the Municipal Code to require that, prior to issuance of any grading or building permit (whichever occurs first) for a project on a site identified on any list of hazardous materials compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5, a formal Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) shall be prepared in accordance with ASTM Standard Practice E 1527-05 or the Standards and Practices for All Appropriate Inquiry (AAI) and submitted to the
shall identify specific Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs), which may require further sampling/remedial activities by a qualified Hazardous Materials Specialist with Phase II/site characterization experience prior to demolition, and/or construction. The Hazardous Materials Specialist shall identify proper remedial activities appropriate to the hazardous material(s) found (e.g., removal and disposal; bio-remediation; pump and treat; soil vapor extraction, and in situ oxidation), as necessary.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required
Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

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Packet Pg. 2227 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-34 Hazards and Hazardous Materials HAZ-5: For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area? Impact Analysis: There are no airports within the Study Area. The closest airport to the Study Area is the Hemet-Ryan Airport, located approximately seven miles south of the City of San Jacinto. According to the ALUCP, San Jacinto is not located within an Airport Influence Area. Because the Study Area is not within an airport land use plan or within two miles of a public use airport, impacts with regard to safety hazards to people residing or working in the Study Area would be less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions: There are no General Plan Update goals, policies, or actions specific to airports.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

HAZ-6: Would the project impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
Impact Analysis: The General Plan Update would allow a variety of new development, including residential, commercial, industrial, and public projects, which would result in increased jobs and population in the Study Area. Road and infrastructure improvements would occur to accommodate the new growth as further discussed in Section 5.17, Transportation of this Draft EIR. Implementation of the General Plan Update would not impair or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. As described in Section 5.15, Public Services, the Riverside County Fire Department (RCFD) provides fire and emergency response service to the City of San Jacinto. The RCFD Strategic Plan 2009-2029 outlines goals and strategies for fire protection services throughout the Riverside County OA, including facility needs and improvements, training requirements, and disaster preparedness. xtraordinary situations associated with natural
disasters and/or human caused incidents. The EOP focuses on coordinating mutual aid and provides an overview of the operational concepts relating to various emergency situations, identifies components of the emergency response, and describes the overall responsibilities of the Riverside County OA for supporting OA Members in protecting life and property. The EOP does not provide a specific evacuation route map, as evacuation measures would be implemented based on the specific emergency and area affected. The General Plan Update would not require or result in revisions to the RCFD Strategic Plan or adopted EOP.

As part of the General Plan Update, the City prepared an analysis consistent with SB 99 to identify residential developments in hazard areas that do not have at least two emergency evacuation routes. The analysis found that out of 4,990 unique land parcels identified as residential and located within an identified hazard zone, the vast majority (approximately 77 percent) of the parcels have multiple exit points with access to multiple arterials, and another 13 percent of the parcels have multiple exit points with access to a single arterial, a loop road. Approximately 10 percent of the developed parcels have one

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Packet Pg. 2228 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-35 Hazards and Hazardous Materials exit point with access directly onto a single arterial. Parcels with one exit point with access directly onto a single arterial are widespread throughout the Study Area, and tend to be condominium, apartment, and mobile home communities, or large rural residential parcels. There are no parcels in the Study Area one exit point with some distance to a single arterial The General Plan Update includes policies and actions to address emergency evacuation routes. Specifically, Policy PS-5.7 directs the City to work with RCFD and RCSD to maintain, update, and regularly exercise emergency access, protocols, and evacuation routes to assess their effectiveness under a range of emergency scenarios.

The General Plan Update does not include any site-specific development. However, future development would be designed, constructed, and maintained in accordance with applicable standards, including vehicular access to ensure that adequate emergency access and evacuation would be maintained.

Construction activities that may temporarily restrict vehicular traffic would be required to implement appropriate measures to facilitate the passage of persons and vehicles through/around any required road closures. The General Plan Update identifies major arterials as the primary routes for evacuation; however, evacuation routes would depend upon the emergency event and area affected. The General Plan Update includes policies and actions to address emergency response and evacuation. Action PS-2a implements the EOP to ensure the most effective allocation of resources for protection of people and property in time of an emergency, and update it as needed. Policy PS-5.1 ensures the provision of sufficient levels of all emergency response services to protect the health, safety, and welfare of all persons and to protect property in the City. Policy PS-5.2 supports the development of local preparedness plans and multi-jurisdictional cooperation and communication agreements for emergency situations. Policy PS5.5 directs the City to participate in automatic and mutual aid agreements with adjacent service providers to ensure efficient and adequate resources, facilities, and support services before, during, and after emergencies. Policy PS-5.7 directs the City to work with RCFD and RCSD to maintain, update, and regularly exercise emergency access, protocols, and evacuation routes to assess their effectiveness under a range of emergency scenarios. Action PS-5b ensures the City regularly practices implementation of the EOP and updates it regularly. Action PS-5f ensures the City annually reviews and updates the Emergency Preparedness Plan under the provision of the State Emergency Management System format to maximize the efforts of emergency service providers (e.g., fire, medical, and law enforcement) and minimize human suffering and property damage during disasters. It also supports high-level multi-jurisdictional cooperation and communication for emergency planning and management. Action RM-6c implements an Emergency Operation Center to respond to and manage disasters in cooperation with the school districts, police and fire departments, and local, state, and federal emergency management agencies. It would also provide annual training for City staff in emergency management so that when they are called into action, they will be able to distribute information and resources to the public effectively.

Primary access to all major roads would be maintained during construction of future developments within the Study Area. As part of the site plan and design review process (SJDC Chapter 17.630), future development projects would be reviewed for adequate infrastructure and access as well as consistency with adopted emergency and evacuation plans among many other environmental issues in order to ensure the safety of City residents and the physical environment. Therefore, impacts associated with adopted emergency response or evacuation plans would be less than significant.

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Packet Pg. 2229 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-36 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Action PS-2a:
of resources for protection of people and property in time of an emergency, and update it as needed.

Goal PS-4: Hazardous Materials and Waste. A community that is protected from the potential for hazardous waste and materials contamination.

Policy PS-4.7: Emergency Response. Work with RCFD and other responding agencies to ensure that emergency personnel respond safely and effectively to a hazardous materials incident in the city.

Goal PS-5: Emergency Operations. A community that is highly prepared and equipped to handle emergency situations, in order to minimize loss of life, injury, property damage, and disruption of vital services.

Policy PS-5.1: Emergency Response Services. Provide sufficient levels of all emergency response services to protect the health, safety, and welfare of all persons and to protect property in the City.

Policy PS-5.2: Emergency Preparedness Plans. Support the development of local preparedness plans and multi-jurisdictional cooperation and communication agreements for emergency situations.

Policy PS-5.3: Critical Facilities. Coordinate with service providers to ensure the resilience of critical facilities, lifeline services, and infrastructure, and plan for the use of critical facilities during post-disaster response and recovery.

Policy PS-5.4: Local Coordination. Coordinate with local key stakeholders (officials, schools, businesses, and organizations) within the community to make them aware of their role in the emergency plan and the necessary requirements in case of emergency.

Policy PS-5.5: Automatic and Mutual Aid. Participate in automatic and mutual aid agreements with adjacent service providers to ensure efficient and adequate resources, facilities, and support services before, during, and after emergencies.

Policy PS-5.6: Communications. Evaluate the potential to utilize a comprehensive emergency communication system that allows for efficient connection in case of emergency.

Policy PS-5.7: Emergency Evacuation Routes and Access. Work with RCFD and RCSD to maintain, update, and regularly exercise emergency access, protocols, and evacuation routes to assess their effectiveness under a range of emergency scenarios.

Policy PS-5.8: Emergency Shelters. Periodically coordinate with emergency shelter providers to ensure that necessary equipment supplies are available in case of emergency.

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Packet Pg. 2230 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-37 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Policy PS-5.9: Disaster Recovery. Work with emergency service providers to implement post-disaster recovery plans to return public services to a state of normalcy, address ongoing hazardspecific mitigations, and assist community members in recovering from disasters.

Policy PS-5.11: Community Training Programs. Support community-based emergency training programs as a valuable asset to the community.

Policy PS-5.12: Public Education. Educate residents and businesses through programs and outreach materials on hazards pertaining to San Jacinto and appropriate actions to safeguard life and property during and immediately after emergencies.

Policy PS-5.13: School Safety. Coordinate with local schools related to their programs and practices regarding emergency preparedness.

Action PS-5a: Coordinate with the County of Riverside to keep the Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan up to date.

Action PS-5b:
regularly.

Action PS-5c: Regularly review County and State emergency response procedures that must be coordinated with City procedures.

Action PS-5f: Annually review and update the Emergency Preparedness Plan under the provision of the State Emergency Management System format to maximize the efforts of emergency service providers (e.g., fire, medical, and law enforcement) and minimize human suffering and property damage during disasters. Support high-level multi-jurisdictional cooperation and communication for emergency planning and management.

Action PS-5g: Coordinate with local agencies and organizations to develop and distribute informational brochures and give presentations to civic groups and local schools to educate residents and businesses about appropriate actions to take during an emergency situation.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Policy RM-6.1: Provision of Police and Fire Services. Encourage the Riverside Cou Department and the Riverside County Fire Department to maintain adequate staff and equipment to provide efficient, high quality, and responsive public safety services to the San Jacinto community.

Action RM-6c: In cooperation with the school districts, police and fire departments, and local, state, and federal emergency management agencies, implement an Emergency Operation Center (EOC) to respond to and manage disasters. Provide annual training for City staff in emergency management so that when they are called into action, they will be able to distribute information and resources to the public effectively.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

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Packet Pg. 2231 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-38 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

HAZ-7: Would the project expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires? Impact Analysis: The potential for wildland fires represents a hazard to people and structures, particularly within areas adjacent to open space or within close proximity to wildland fuels. As described in Section

5.20, Wildfire, and shown in Figure 5.20-1, in that section of this EIR, the Study Area and surrounding area contain designated FHSZs in both LRA and SRA. The open space area on the western boundary of the City is designated as a VHFHSZ under local responsibility. In addition, a mountainous undeveloped area in the southeast portion of the City, known as Park Hill, is also identified as a VHFHSZ under local responsibility.

There are no SRA found within City limits; however, there are SRA within the eastern portion of the Study Area and pockets of SRA to the east and west of City limits. Some of these areas are within the VHFHSZ in an SRA. In addition to the direct physical threat to life and property, smoke released during an event can have a detrimental effect on air quality and lead to health risks from smoke inhalation.

Protection from wildland fires is realized through creation of defensible areas around structures, the use of fire-resistant building materials, and coordinated emergency response. All new construction is required to adhere to standards and requirements set forth in the San Jacinto Municipal Code, which incorporates the California Fire Code. In accordance with SJDC Section 17.300.050, all development located in or adjacent to wildfire prone areas would be required to prepare a fire management plan, which would be reviewed by RCFD and may include additional fire protection measures (e.g., landscape or open space buffers), maintenance programs for weed and vegetation abatement, installation of fire-resistant plants, and the use of noncombustible building materials. Additionally, special attention would be given to development in hillside areas in the City per Municipal Code Chapter 15.28. Further, the General Plan Update Public Safety Element includes goals and policies to reduce the risk of wildland hazards. Policy PS2.1 requires that all buildings and facilities within the City comply with local, State, and federal regulatory standards such as the California Building and Fire Codes as well as other applicable fire safety standards.

Policy PS-2.2 reduces the risk of fire to the community by coordinating emergency preparedness with the RCFD. Policy PSHazard Severity Zone Map for changes in fire hazard severity zones consistent with changes in hazard designations by CAL FIRE. Policy PS-2.10 protect communities from unreasonable risk of wildfire within VHFHSZs through a variety of actions, including: minimizing new residential development in VHFHSZs when possible; requiring adequate fire protection services, fire protection plans, and emergency vehicle access for new development in VHFHSZs; assessing site constraints when considering land use designations near wildlands to avoid or minimize wildfire hazards as part of a land use update or amendment; requiring ongoing brush management, fuel management/modification, defensible space, fire retardant landscaping, and other project design features for new development located in areas of or adjacent to high wildfire risk; and working with RCFD to identify and maintain fire hazard reduction projects, including community fire breaks and private road and public road clearance. Policy PS-2.11 considers fire safe design (i.e., fire-resistant building and site design, materials, and landscaping) for development within VHFHSZs as part of the development review process. Action PS-2b mitigates, as feasible, existing non-conforming development to contemporary fire safe standards where feasible,

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-39 Hazards and Hazardous Materials including road standards and vegetative hazards. Action PS-2c requires that all new habitable structures be designed in accordance with the most recent California Building and Fire Code with local amendments adopted by the City, including the use of fire sprinklers in residential structures.

Future development allowed under the General Plan Update would be required to comply with the provisions of federal, State, and local requirements related to wildland fire hazards, including State fire safety regulations associated with wildland-urban interfaces, fire-safe building standards, and defensible space requirements. As future development and infrastructure projects are considered by the City, each project would be evaluated for potential impacts, specific to the project, associated with wildland fire hazards as required under CEQA. Therefore, through compliance with existing federal, State, and local laws and regulations related to wildland fire hazards and implementation of the General Plan Update goals, policies, and actions, impact regarding the exposure of people or structures to significant loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires would be less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Goal PS-2: Fire Safety. A City that is safe and adequately prepared for urban and wildfire emergencies.

Policy PS-2.1: Building Fire Codes. Require that all buildings and facilities within San Jacinto comply with local, state, and federal regulatory standards such as the California Building and Fire Codes as well as other applicable fire safety standards.

Policy PS-2.2: Fire Protection Services. Reduce the risk of fire to the community by coordinating emergency preparedness with the Riverside County Fire Department (RCFD).

Policy PS-2.3: Fire Hazard Identification.

Fire Hazard Severity Zone Map (Figure PS-2) for changes in fire hazard severity zones consistent with changes in hazard designations by CAL FIRE.

Policy PS-2.5: Grant Funding. Seek grant funding, independently and in collaboration with regional partners, to mitigate potential wildfire threats to the community and to implement training workshops and projects related to defensible space and fuel reduction practices.

Policy PS-2.6: Regional Coordination. Coordinate with the County of Riverside, neighboring cities, and other fire protection agencies to reduce the potential for wildfire hazards in the San Jacinto community.

Policy PS-2.7: Interagency Support. Participate in the mutual aid system and automatic aid agreements to back up and supplement capabilities to respond to emergencies.

Policy PS-2.8: Public Education. Work with RCFD to disseminate educational programs for residents on fire hazard risks and fire safety measures, such as defensible space and evacuation routes, with a special focus on at-risk populations.

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-40 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Policy PS-2.9: Post-fire Treatment. Work with CAL FIRE, United States Forest Service, United States Geologic Service, and applicable nongovernmental agencies to create a plan to address post-fire recovery activities and projects that allow burned areas to fully recover and minimize repetitive losses and further damage.

Policy PS-2.10: Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones. Protect communities from unreasonable risk of wildfire within very high fire hazard severity zones through the following actions:
a. Minimize new residential development in very high fire hazard severity zones when possible.
b. Require adequate fire protection services, fire protection plans, and emergency vehicle access for new development in very high fire hazard severity zones. c. Assess site constraints when considering land use designations near wildlands to avoid or minimize wildfire hazards as part of a land use update or amendment. d. Coordinate with RCFD to identify building and site design methods or other methods to minimize damage if new structures are proposed to be in very high fire hazard severity zones on undeveloped land and when rebuilding after a fire. e. As part of the RCFD review process, require ongoing brush management, fuel management/modification, defensible space, fire retardant landscaping, and other project design features for new development located in areas of or adjacent to high wildfire risk.
f. Coordinate with the applicable water district to ensure necessary water supply systems and flow for structural fire suppression are provided and maintained. g. Work with RCFD to identify and maintain fire hazard reduction projects, including community fire breaks and private road and public road clearance. h. Coordinate with RCFD to define minimum standards for evacuation of residential areas in very high fire hazard severity zones. If areas with inadequate access/evacuation routes are identified, develop appropriate mitigation measures, improvement plans, or education programs to ensure safe evacuation.

Policy PS-2.11: Fire Safe Design. Consider fire safe design (i.e., fire-resistant building and site design, materials, and landscaping) for development within very high fire hazard severity zones as part of the development review process.
a. Locate, design and construct development to provide adequate defensibility and minimize the risk of structural loss from wildland fires. b. Design development on hillsides and canyons to reduce the increased risk of fires from topography features (i.e., steep slopes, ridge saddles).

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-41 Hazards and Hazardous Materials c. Minimize flammable vegetation and implement brush management best practices in accordance with the Development Code.
d. Install visible home and street addressing and signage.

Policy PS-2.12: Hazard Mitigation Plans. Coordinate with local, state, and federal agencies to update emergency, evacuation, and hazard mitigation plans, as necessary.

Policy PS-2.13: Essential Public Facilities and Infrastructure. Locate, when feasible, new essential public facilities and infrastructure outside of very high fire hazard severity zones, including but not limited to, hospitals and health care facilities, emergency shelters, emergency command centers, emergency communication facilities, and utilities or identify construction methods or other methods to minimize damage if these facilities must be located in very high fire hazard severity zones.

Action PS-2a:
of resources for protection of people and property in time of an emergency, and update it as needed. Action PS-2b: Mitigate, as feasible, existing non-conforming development to contemporary fire safe standards where feasible, including road standards and vegetative hazards.

Action PS-2c: Require that all new habitable structures be designed in accordance with the most recent California Building and Fire Code with local amendments adopted by the City, including the use of fire sprinklers in residential structures.

Action PS-2d: Participate in Mutual Aid Agreements with neighboring cities and the Riverside County Operational Area, as required by RCFD.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Policy RM-6.1: Provision of Police and Fire Services.

Department and the Riverside County Fire Department to maintain adequate staff and equipment to provide efficient, high quality, and responsive public safety services to the San Jacinto community.

Policy RM-6.2: Department Consultation. Promote coordination between the City of San Jacinto and public safety services during the review of new development applications to ensure that adequate attention is being paid to fire and safety concerns during the design and planning of a project.

Action RM-6f: In cooperation with the Riverside County Fire Department, adopt and maintain level of service (e.g., response times, call handling) and staffing standards, as well as a developer fee program for fire services. Review the level of services and funding levels at budget time, adjusting when necessary to ensure that adequate levels of service and facilities are provided and maintained. Future developers will contribute funds for fire services through the adopted developer fees. During the budget and CIP process, reserve future

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-42 Hazards and Hazardous Materials sites through purchase, eminent domain, dedication, donation, or a combination of these procedures.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.9.6 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
Impact Analysis: Construction of individual development projects allowed under the land use designations of the General Plan Update may involve the transportation, use, and/or disposal of hazardous materials, which may involve the use of equipment that contains hazardous materials (e.g., solvents and fuels or diesel-fueled equipment), or the transportation of excavated soil and/or groundwater containing contaminants from areas that are identified as being contaminated.

Furthermore, because of the regional nature of the General Plan Update, some future land uses could transport or use hazardous materials within one-quarter mile of a school, or other sensitive receptors such as hospitals and residences.

As with specific projects resulting from implementation of the General Plan Update, cumulative development would be required to evaluate individual hazards and hazardous materials impacts at the project-level. While some cumulative impacts would potentially occur in the region as individual projects are constructed, the General Plan Update policies and actions, as well as local, State, and federal regulations would reduce the risk to people associated with hazards and hazardous materials in the region. Considering the protection granted by local, State, and federal agencies and their requirements for the use of hazardous materials and other potential hazards in the region, as described above, the overall cumulative impact for hazards impacts would not be significant. As a result, the General Plan than cumulatively considerable.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals and Policies: Refer to the General Plan goals, policies, and actions cited above.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required
Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.9.7 SIGNIFICANT UNAVOIDABLE IMPACTS
Hazards and hazardous materials impacts associated with the implementation of the General Plan Update would be less than significant. No significant unavoidable hazards and hazardous materials impacts would occur as a result of the General Plan Update.

5.9.8 REFERENCES
California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection and State Board of Forestry and Fire Protection, 2018 Strategic Fire Plan for California, August 2018.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.9-43 Hazards and Hazardous Materials California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), Traffic Noise Analysis Protocol For New Highway Construction, Reconstruction, and Retrofit Barrier Projects, April 2020.

California Department of Transportation, Division of Aeronautics, California Airport Land Use Planning Handbook, 2001.

California State Water Resources Control Board, Geotracker, https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/search?CMD=search&case_number=&business_name= &main_street_name=&city=&zip=&county=&SITE_TYPE=LUFT&oilfield=&STATUS=&BRANCH=& MASTER_BASE=&Search=Search, accessed September 16, 2021.

CalRecycle, SWIS Facility/Site Summary: Caltrans Hemet Maintenance Station (33-AA-0335), https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/Site/Summary/5074, accessed September 16, 2021.

Department of Toxic Substances Control, Envirostor Site / Facility Search, https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/search, accessed September 16, 2021.

Department of Toxic Substances Control, LYON AVE. NEW ELEMENTARY & MIDDLE SCHOOLS (60001838), https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/profile_report?global_id=60001838, accessed September 16, 2021.

Department of Toxic Substances Control, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON SAN JACINTO SUBSTATION (60002646), https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/profile_report?global_id=60002646, accessed September 16, 2021.

Department of Toxic Substances Control, Hazardous Waste and Substances Site List (Cortese), https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/search?cmd=search&reporttype=CORTESE&site_typ e=CSITES,FUDS&status=ACT,BKLG,COM&reporttitle=HAZARDOUS+WASTE+AND+SUBSTANCES+S ITE+LIST+%28CORTESE%29, accessed September 16, 2021.

Riverside County Airport Land Use Commission, Hemet-Ryan Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan, February 2017.

Riverside County Airport Land Use Commission, Riverside County Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan, October 2004.

Riverside County Fire Department, Strategic Plan 2009-2029, November 2009.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-1 Hydrology and Water Quality

5.10 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY

5.10.1 PURPOSE
This section provides a discussion of the regional hydrology, flooding, water quality, water purveyors, and water sources in the City of San Jacinto and provides an analysis of potential impacts associated with implementation of the General Plan Update. Potential impacts are identified and mitigation measures to address potentially significant impacts are recommended, as necessary.

KEY TERMS
Groundwater: Water that is underground and below the water table, as opposed to surface water, which flows across the ground surfa
large percentage of the population in the United States. Groundwater is often extracted using wells which pump the water out of the ground and up to the surface. Groundwater is naturally replenished by surface water from precipitation, streams, and rivers when this recharge reaches the water table.

Surface water: Water collected on the ground or from a stream, river, lake, wetland, or ocean. Surface water is naturally replenished through precipitation, but is naturally lost through evaporation and seepage into soil.

5.10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

REGIONAL HYDROLOGY
The City of San Jacinto lies in the San Jacinto Valley between the Lakeview Mountains on the west, the San Jacinto Mountains foothills on the south and east, and the San Timoteo badlands on the northeast.

The terrain of the City consists predominately of the gently sloping, nearly flat valley floor with minimal relief consisting of incised drainages from the surrounding hills. Approximately 1,500 feet of vertical relief is present within the Study Area, most of it in the steep San Jacinto Mountains foothills. The San Jacinto River cuts through the City from the southeast, forming the eastern edge of the valley floor, crossing the northern boundary of the City and exiting to the west north of the Lakeview Mountains. The San Jacinto River begins in the San Jacinto Mountains, runs northwest then southwest through Canyon Lake, and exits the Perris Block into the lower Elsinore Basin created by the Elsinore fault zone (Santa Ana Watershed Project Authority 2021). During normal dry periods, the San Jacinto River is essentially dry, contributing little or no flow to Canyon Lake. Lake Elsinore is located approximately three miles downstream of Canyon Lake, at the bottom of the San Jacinto watershed. In rare situations, including torrential rains and extended rain periods, Lake Elsinore overflows into Temescal Creek, and ultimately to the Santa Ana River.

WATERSHEDS
A watershed is a region that is bound by a divide that drains to a common watercourse or body of water.

Watersheds serve an important biological function, oftentimes supporting an abundance of aquatic and

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-2 Hydrology and Water Quality terrestrial wildlife including special status species and anadromous and native local fisheries. Watersheds provide conditions necessary for riparian habitat.

The State uses a hierarchical naming and numbering convention to define watershed areas for management purposes. This means that boundaries are defined according to size and topography, with multiple sub-watersheds within larger watersheds.

Hydrologic Region
The City of San Jacinto is located within the South Coast Hydrologic Region, a large coastal watershed in southern California (DWR 2003). The South Coast Hydrologic Region spans approximately 6.78 million acres and is bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, on the north by the Transverse Ranges, on the east by the Colorado River Hydrologic Region, and on the south by the international boundary with Mexico.

Hydrologic Unit
Within the South Coast Hydrologic Region, the City of San Jacinto is located within the San Jacinto Valley hydrologic unit. The Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) governs basin planning and water quality within the San Jacinto Valley hydrologic unit. Figure 5.10-1, Hydrologic Units, shows hydrologic units within and surrounding the City.

Hydrologic Area
For purposes of planning on a city-wide basis, hydrologic areas are generally considered to be the appropriate watershed planning level. As a planning area becomes smaller the hydrologic area may be too large in terms of scale, and a hydrologic subarea may be considered more appropriate. Within the San Jacinto Valley hydrologic unit, the City is located within two hydrologic areas: Perris hydrologic area in the western portion of the City, and the San Jacinto hydrologic area in the eastern portions of the City.

Figure 5.10-2, Hydrologic Areas, shows hydrologic areas within and surrounding the Study Area. As described in Section 3.0, Project Description, the Study Area consists of the entire city limits as well as the . Hydrologic Sub-Area There are several hydrologic sub-areas within and throughout City of San Jacinto. Analysis of hydrologic sub-areas is appropriate for the review of individual projects, but is not appropriate for the watershed Update.

CREEKS AND FLOOD CONTROL FACILITIES
The Study Area lies within the San Jacinto River Watershed. The 780 square mile watershed is punctuated by several lakes and reservoirs, including: Lake Elsinore, Canyon Lake, Lake Perris and Mystic Lake (Riverside County Watershed Protection 2017). Major tributaries include Bautista Creek, Poppet Creek, Potrero Creek, Perris Valley Drain, and Salt Creek. The mountainous portion of the drainage area lies principally on the southwest slopes of the San Jacinto Mountains, while the valley portion includes primarily the San Jacinto and Perris Valleys (San Jacinto River Watershed Council 2005). The cities of Perris, San Jacinto, Menifee, and Canyon Lake, as well as the communities of Sun City, Lakeview, Nuevo, and

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-3 Hydrology and Water Quality Romoland are all located within the San Jacinto River Watershed and are traversed by, or adjacent to, the San Jacinto River. In addition, portions of the cities of Beaumont and Moreno Valley, and portions of the communities of Homeland, Idyllwild, Edgemont, Sunnymead, Quail Valley, and Valle Vista, as well as March Air Reserve Base, are all located within the San Jacinto River Watershed. Figure 5.10-1 and Figure

5.10-2 show local waterways in relation to the City.

The City of San Jacinto is surrounded by creeks, washes, and drainages flowing southwest off the northeastern mountains and northwest off the southeastern mountains. Tributaries that drain into the San Jacinto River east of the Study Area include the Bautista Creek, Strawberry Creek, North Fork San Jacinto River, Indian Creek, and Poppet Creek. The San Jacinto River runs in a westerly direction through the northern City limits, then runs southwest into Canyon Lake and eventually Lake Elsinore.

Within the Study Area, Potrero Creek is a major tributary that runs southwest from the northern mountains and drains into the San Jacinto River near State Route 79. Two aqueducts run through the Study Area: the Colorado River Aqueduct, which runs in a westerly direction through the northern portion of the City; and the San Diego Aqueduct, which branches off the Colorado Aqueduct and runs south to San Diego County.

Two canals run through the Study Area: the Casa Loma Canal, which connects the Colorado River Aqueduct to the San Jacinto Reservoir; and the San Diego Canal which runs south through the western portion of the City from Casa Loma Canal to Skinner Reservoir. The Bautista Wash branches off of the Bautista Creek southeast of the Study Area and runs northwest, draining into the San Jacinto River just south of East Main Street. Other surface bodies of water in the Study Area include the San Jacinto Reservoir and Cottonwood Lake.

Storm Drain Facilities
Regional drainage facilities are owned and operated by the Riverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District (RCFCWCD). RCFCWCD provides regional drainage facilities, and the City provides local storm water drainage facilities that connect to the regional facilities. The existing County and City storm drain infrastructure is discussed in Section 5.19, Utilities and Service Systems. The existing RCFCWCD facilities within the City include approximately three miles of channels and lines:

Buena Vista Detention Basin;
Line D (approximately 0.5 miles), which is an inle ;
Line E (approximately 2 miles), which is an outlet to an Eastern Municipal Water District (EMWD) Facility; and,
Meridian channel (approximately 0.5 miles), which is an outlet to the San Jacinto River.

GROUNDWATER
The Study Area is underlain by the San Jacinto Groundwater Basin (Groundwater Basin) of the San Jacinto River Watershed. The Groundwater Basin is generally bounded by the San Jacinto Mountains on the east, the San Timoteo Badlands on the northeast, the Box Mountains on the north, the Santa Rosa Hills and Bell Mountain on the south, and unnamed hills on the west (Department of Water Resources 2003). The

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-4 Hydrology and Water Quality Groundwater Basin underlies the cities of San Jacinto, Perris, Moreno Valley, and Menifee in western Riverside County. The San Jacinto River recharges the groundwater basin in the area southeast of the City of San Jacinto; refer to discussion above.

The City of San Jacinto lies within the Hemet/San Jacinto Groundwater Management Area and relies almost exclusively on groundwater pumped by three city-owned wells. The Hemet/San Jacinto Groundwater Management Area is in the western portion of Riverside County and includes the cities of San Jacinto and Hemet, and the unincorporated areas of Winchester, Valle Vista, and Cactus Valley. Figure

5.10-3, Groundwater Management Areas, shows the location of the groundwater management areas in the Groundwater Basin. Groundwater Basin resources within the Hemet/San Jacinto Groundwater Management Area have been delineated into separate groundwater sub-basins or groundwater management zones: the Canyon Subbasin, the San Jacinto Upper Pressure Subbasin downstream to Bridge Street, and the Hemet Subbasin (Eastern Municipal Water District 2019). The City extracts groundwater from the San Jacinto Upper Pressure groundwater management zone.

FLOODPLAIN MAPPING
FEMA Flood Zones
According to the Riverside County 2018 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJLHMP), although the County occasionally experiences periods of significant drought, the County can also experience periods of substantial rainfall. When the County does experience heavy rain, or rain over a period of days or weeks, many areas of the County are subject to flooding. Runoff from rain drains either naturally into rivers, washes, and creeks or into flood control facilities.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has a database that maps flood potential across the United States. FEMA mapping provides important guidance for the City in planning for flooding events Program (NFIP) is intended to encourage State and local governments to adopt responsible floodplain management programs and flood measures. As part of the program, the NFIP defines floodplain and floodway boundaries that are shown on Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs). The FEMA FIRM for the Study Area is shown on Figure 5.10-4, FEMA Flood Map (note that for mapping purposes, FEMA flood zones have been categorized into 100- and 500-year flood zones).

Several portions of the Study Area are subject to the 100-year flood, meaning a flood with a one percent chance of occurring in any given year. Based on FEMA mapping, the northern portion of the City, generally located along the San Jacinto River and the Colorado River Aqueduct, is within a mapped portion of the 100-year FEMA flood zone. There is also a small portion of San Jacinto located within a mapped portion of the 500-year FEMA flood zone. The 500-year flood zone indicates areas with minimal flood hazard.

Dam Inundation
Earthquakes centered close to a dam are typically the most likely cause of dam failure. Dam inundation maps have been required in California since 1972, following the 1971 San Fernando Earthquake and near failure of the Lower Van Norman Dam. There are five dams that have the potential to inundate portions of the City of San Jacinto in the event of dam failure. These five dams are located at the following lakes:

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-5 Hydrology and Water Quality Diamond Valley Lake (three dams), Lake Hemet (one dam), and Little Lake (one dam). Each of these dams are discussed in detail below. As shown in Figure 5.10-5, Dam Inundation Map, much of the western and eastern portions of San Jacinto have the potential to be inundated during failure of one or more dams.

Diamond Valley Lake has three earth fill dams: West, East, and Saddle Dams. The Diamond Valley Lake is located near Hemet is made of rock fill, and has a depth of 260 feet with a length of 4.5 miles. At normal levels, it has a surface area of 4,500 acres. It is owned by Metropolitan Water District (MWD).

Lake Hemet is a water storage reservoir with a surface area of 470 acres. The lake is located in the San Jacinto mountains and incorporates the Hemet Dam. The Hemet dam is owned by the Lake Hemet Municipal Water District (LHMWD) and has a height of 135 feet.

Little Lake is a five-acre small lake located in eastern Hemet that includes a small dam. Little Lake is owned and operated by the LHMWD.

These dams do not have a history of dam failure. According to the California Department of Water Resources Division of Safety of Dams, Diamond Valley Lake and Lake Hemet dams have received a o existing or potential
dam safety deficiencies are recognized. Acceptable performance is expected under all loading conditions (static, hydrologic, seismic) in accordance with the minimum applicable state or federal regulatory criteria or tolerable risk guidelines. Monitoring and mitigation of dam failure is constantly occurring at both the federal and State levels.

SURFACE WATER QUALITY
Surface water quality is affected by point source and non-point source pollutants. Point source pollutants are those emitted at a specific point, such as a pipe, while non-point source pollutants are typically generated by surface runoff from diffuse sources, such as streets, paved areas, and landscaped areas.

Point source pollutants are controlled with pollutant discharge regulations or Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs). Non-point source pollutants are more difficult to monitor and control although they are important contributors to surface water quality in urban areas.

Stormwater runoff pollutants vary based on land use, topography, the amount of impervious surface, and the amount and frequency of rainfall and irrigation practices. Runoff in developed areas typically contains oil, grease, and metals accumulated in streets, driveways, parking lots, and rooftops, as well as pesticides, herbicides, particulate matter, nutrients, animal waste, and other oxygen-demanding substances from landscaped areas. The highest pollutant concentrations usually occur at the beginning of the wet season Water quality in the City is governed by the Santa Ana RWQCB, which sets water quality standards in the Water Quality Control Plan for the Santa Ana Region (Basin Plan). The Basin Plan identifies beneficial uses for surface water and groundwater and establishes water quality objectives to attain those beneficial uses.

The Clean Water Act (CWA) 303(d) list is a register of impaired and threatened waters which the CWA requires all states to submit for Environmental Protection Agency approval. The list identifies all waters where the required pollution control measures have so far been unsuccessful in reaching or maintaining

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-6 Hydrology and Water Quality contain any CWA Section 303(d)-listed water bodies.

The surface water resources include two reaches of the San Jacinto River the Casa Loma and the Colorado River Aqueduct. Neither of the reaches of the San Jacinto River, the two natural water resources, are listed on the 2016 Clean Water Act Section 303(d) List of the Santa Ana RWQCB, and therefore, are not considered impaired at this time. Intermittent beneficial uses of San Jacinto River (Reach 4) and San Jacinto River (Reach 5) include agricultural supply, groundwater recharge, water contact recreation, non-contact water recreation, warm freshwater habitat, and wildlife habitat. These two reaches of the San Jacinto River are also exempt by the Santa Ana RWQCB from municipal and domestic supply. Waterways tributary to the San Jacinto River includes Juaro Canyon, Poppet Creek, Potrero Creek, and Bautista Wash, which are also subject to the same water quality standards as the San Jacinto River. automobile products (i.e., oil and petroleum products), and degreasers. Urban and agricultural pollutants degrade water quality and can impact wildlife and plants dependent on aquatic habitat.

5.10.3 REGULATORY SETTING
There are a number of regulatory agencies whose responsibility includes the oversight of the water resources of the state and nation including the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the State Water Resources Board, and the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB). The following is an overview of the federal, State and local regulations that are applicable to the proposed project.

FEDERAL
Clean Water Act
The Clean Water Act (CWA), initially passed in 1972, regulates the discharge of pollutants into watersheds throughout the nation. Section 402(p) of the act establishes a framework for regulating municipal and industrial stormwater discharges under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Program. Section 402(p) requires that stormwater associated with industrial activity that discharges either directly to surface waters or indirectly through municipal separate storm sewers must be regulated by an NPDES permit.

The CWA establishes the basic structure for regulating the discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and gives the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the authority to implement pollution , maintain, and preserve the integrity of those waters. The CWA sets water quality standards for all contaminants in surface waters and mandates permits for wastewater and stormwater discharges.

The CWA also requires states to establish site-specific water quality standards for navigable bodies of water and regulates other activities that affect water quality, such as dredging and the filling of wetlands.

The following CWA sections assist in ensuring water quality for the water of the United States:

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-7 Hydrology and Water Quality CWA Section 208 requires the use of best management practices (BMPs) to control the discharge of pollutants in stormwater during construction;
CWA Section 303(d) requires the creation of a list of impaired water bodies by states, territories, and authorized tribes; evaluation of lawful activities that may impact impaired water bodies; and preparation of plans to improve the quality of these water bodies. CWA Section 303(d) also establishes Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs), which is the maximum amount of a pollutant that a water body can receive and still safely meet water quality standard; and CWA Section 404 authorizes the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to require permits that will discharge dredge or fill materials into waters in the United States, including wetlands.

In California, the EPA has designated the SWRCB and its nine RWQCBs with the authority to identify beneficial uses and adopt applicable water quality objectives.

The SWRCB is responsible for implementing the CWA and does so through issuing NPDES permits to cities and counties through regional water quality control boards. Federal regulations allow two permitting options for storm water discharges (individual permits and general permits).

Federal Emergency Management Agency
to reduce the loss of life and property and protect from all hazards, including flooding, among others. FEMA advises on building codes and flood plain management; teaches people how to get through a disaster; helps equip local and State emergency preparedness; coordinates the federal response to a disaster; makes disaster assistance available to states, communities, businesses and flood and crime insurance programs.

Flood is a general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of two or more acres of - the flood elevation that has a one perc -year -year flood event would be
slightly deeper and cover a greater area than a 100-year flood event.

Flood zones are geographic areas that FEMA defines, based on studies of flood risk. The zone boundaries are shown on flood hazard maps, also called Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM). High Risk Zones or Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA or Zone A) are high-risk flood areas where special flood, mudflow, or floodrelated erosion hazards exist, and flood insurance is mandatory. SFHAs are those areas subject to inundation by a 100-year flood. Low-to-Moderate Risk Zones or Non-Special Flood Hazard Areas (Zones B, C, X) are areas that are not in any immediate danger from flooding caused by overflowing rivers or hard rains. Insurance purchase is not required in these zones.

FEMA is responsible for administering the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), which enables property owners in participating communities to purchase insurance as protection against flood losses in exchange for State and community floodplain management regulations that reduce future flood damages.

In communities that participate in the NFIP, mandatory flood insurance purchase requirements apply to all Zones A, which are communities subject to a 100-year flood event. In addition to providing flood

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-8 Hydrology and Water Quality insurance and reducing flood damages through floodplain management regulations, the NFIP identifies loodplains on FIRMs.

FEMA is mandated by the Flood Insurance Act of 1968 and the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 to evaluate flood hazards and provide FIRMs for local and regional planners to further promote safe floodplain development. Flood risk data presented on FIRMs are based on historic, hydrologic, hydraulic, and meteorological data, as well as flood control works, open-space conditions, and development. To prepare a FIRM that illustrates the extent of flood hazards in flood-prone communities, FEMA conducts an engineering study referred to as Flood Insurance Study. Using information collected in these studies, FEMA engineers and cartographers delineate SFHAs on FIRMs.

Flood Control Act
The Flood Control Act (1917) established survey and cost estimate requirements for flood hazards in the Sacramento Valley. All levees and structures constructed per the Act were to be maintained locally but controlled federally. All rights of way necessary for the construction of flood control infrastructure were to be provided to the Federal government at no cost.

Federal involvement in the construction of flood control infrastructure, primarily dams and levees, became more pronounced upon passage of the Flood Control Act of 1936.

Flood Disaster Protection Act
The Flood Disaster Protection Act (FDPA) of 1973 was a response to the shortcomings of the NFIP, which were experienced during the flood season of 1972. The FDPA prohibited federal assistance, including acquisition, construction, and financial assistance, within delineated floodplains in non-participating NFIP communities. Furthermore, all Federal agencies and/or federally insured and federally regulated lenders must require flood insurance for all acquisitions or developments in designated SFHAs in communities that participate in the NFIP.

Improvements, construction, and developments within SFHAs are generally subject to the following standards:

All new construction and substantial improvements of residential buildings must have the lowest floor (including basement) elevated to or above the base flood elevation (BFE).

All new construction and substantial improvements of non-residential buildings must either have the lowest floor (including basement) elevated to or above the BFE or dry-floodproofed to the BFE.

Buildings can be elevated to or above the BFE using fill, or they can be elevated on extended foundation walls or other enclosure walls, on piles, or on columns.

Extended foundation or other enclosure walls must be designed and constructed to withstand hydrostatic pressure and be constructed with flood-resistant materials and contain openings that will permit the automatic entry and exit of floodwaters. Any enclosed area below the BFE can only be used for the parking of vehicles, building access, or storage.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-9 Hydrology and Water Quality National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)
Per the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, the NFIP has three fundamental purposes: better indemnify individuals for flood losses through insurance; reduce future flood damages through State and community floodplain management regulations; and reduce federal expenditures for disaster assistance and flood control.

While the Act provided for subsidized flood insurance for existing structures, the provision of flood insurance by FEMA became contingent on the adoption of floodplain regulations at the local level.

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) NPDES permits are required for discharges to navigable waters of the United States, which includes any discharge to surface waters, including lakes, rivers, streams, bays, oceans, dry stream beds, wetlands, and storm sewers that are tributary to any surface water body. NPDES permits are issued under the Federal Clean Water Act, Title IV, Permits and Licenses, Section 402 (33 USC 466 et seq.).

The RWQCB issues these permits in lieu of direct issuance by the EPA, subject to review and approval by the EPA Regional Administrator (EPA Region 9). The terms of these NPDES permits implement pertinent provisions of the CWA -treatment, sludge
management, effluent limitations for specific industries, and anti-degradation. In general, the discharge of pollutants is to be eliminated or reduced as much as practicable so as to achieve the CWA rs. Technically, all NPDES permits issued by the RWQCB
are also WDRs issued under the authority of the CWA.

NPDES permitting authority is administered by the SWRCB and its nine RWQCBs. The Study Area is in a watershed administered by the Santa Ana RWQCB.

Individual projects in the City that disturb more than one acre would be required to obtain NPDES coverage under the California General Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with Construction and Land Disturbance Activities (Construction General Permit). The Construction General Permit requires the development and implementation of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) describing BMPs the discharger would use to prevent and retain storm water runoff. The SWPPP must contain a visual monito -
implemented if there is a failure of BMPs; and a sediment monitoring plan if the site discharges directly to a waterbody listed on the 303(d) list for sediment.

Rivers and Harbors Appropriation Act of 1899
activities that could affect navigation in Waters of the United States.

Water Pollution Control Act of 1972
The Water Pollution Control Act established a program to regulate activities that result in the discharge of pollutants to waters of the United States.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-10 Hydrology and Water Quality STATE
California Fish and Wildlife Code
The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) protects streams, water bodies, and riparian corridors through the streambed alteration agreement process under Section 1600 to 1616 of the substantially divert or obstruct the natural flow or substantially change the bed, channel or bank of any river, stream or lake, or deposit or dispose of debris, waste, or other material containing crumbled, flaked, Game Code Section
1602(a)) without notifying the CDFW, incorporating necessary mitigation and obtaining a streambed alteration agreement. The CDFWs jurisdiction extends to the top of banks and often includes the outer edge of riparian vegetation canopy cover.

California Code of Regulations
California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 22, Chapter 15, Article 20 requires all public water systems to prepare a Consumer Confidence Report for distribution to its customers and to the Department of Health Services. The Consumer Confidence Report provides information regarding the quality of potable water provided by the water system. It includes information on the sources of the water, any detected contaminants in the water, the maximum contaminants levels set by regulation, violations and actions taken to correct them, and opportunities for public participation in decisions that may affect the quality of the water provided.

California Government Code
Relevant sections of the California Government Code are identified below.

Section 65302: Revised safety elements must include maps of any 200-year flood plains and levee protection zones within the Planning Area.

Section 65584.04: Any land having inadequate flood protection, as determined by FEMA or DWR, must be excluded from land identified as suitable for urban development within the planning area.

Section 8589.4: California Government Code Section 8589.4, commonly referred to as the Potential Flooding-Dam Inundation Act, requires owners of dams to prepare maps showing potential inundation areas in the event of dam failure. A dam failure inundation zone is different from a flood hazard zone under the NFIP. NFIP flood zones are areas along streams or coasts where storm flooding is possible from a 100-year flood. In contrast, a dam failure inundation zone is the area downstream from a dam that could be flooded in the event of dam failure due to an earthquake or other catastrophe. Dam failure inundation maps are reviewed and approved by the California Office of Emergency Services. Sellers of real estate within inundation zones are required to disclose this information to prospective buyers.

California Department of Health Services
The Department of Health Services, Division of Drinking Water and Environmental Management, oversees the Drinking Water Program. The Drinking Water Program regulates public water systems and certifies drinking water treatment and distribution operators. It provides support for small water systems and for

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-11 Hydrology and Water Quality improving their technical, managerial, and financial capacity. It provides subsidized funding for water system improvements under the State Revolving Fund and Proposition 50 programs. The Drinking Water Program also oversees water recycling projects, permits water treatment devices, supports and promotes water system security, and oversees the Drinking Water Treatment and Research Fund for Methyl tertiary- butyl ether and other oxygenates.

California Water Code
surface waters and groundwater is the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act of 1970 (Division 7 of the California Water Code) (Porter-Cologne Act). The Porter-Cologne Act grants the SWRCB and each of responsibilities under the Federal Clean Water Act. The Porter-Cologne Act grants the SWRCB and the RWQCBs authority and responsibility to adopt plans and policies, to regulate discharges to surface and groundwater, to regulate waste disposal sites, and to require cleanup of discharges of hazardous materials and other pollutants. The Porter-Cologne Act also establishes reporting requirements for unintended discharges of any hazardous substance, sewage, or oil or petroleum product.

Each RWQCB must formulate and adopt a Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) for its region. The regional plans are to conform to the policies set forth in the Porter-Cologne Act and established by the SWRCB in its State water policy. The Porter-Cologne Act also provides that a RWQCB may include within its regional plan water discharge prohibitions applicable to particular conditions, areas, or types of waste.

State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board) Storm Water Strategy The Storm Water Strategy is founded on the results of the Storm Water Strategic Initiative, which served le in storm water resources management and evolve the Storm Water Program by: a) developing guiding principles to serve as the foundation of the storm water program; b) identifying issues that support or inhibit the program from aligning with the guiding principles; and c) proposing and prioritizing projects that the Water Boards could implement to address those issues.

The State Water Board staff created a strategy-based document called the Strategy to Optimize Management of Storm Water (STORMS). STORMS includes a program vision, missions, goals, objectives, projects, timelines, and consideration of the most effective integration of project outcomes into the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act
The Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) established a framework for sustainable, local groundwater management. SGMA requires groundwater-dependent regions to halt overdraft and bring basins into balanced levels of pumping and recharge. With passage of the SGMA, the Department of Water Resources (DWR) launched the Sustainable Groundwater Management Program to implement the law and provide ongoing support to local agencies around the State. The SGMA:

Requires that a Groundwater Sustainability Plan be adopted for the most important groundwater basins in California;

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-12 Hydrology and Water Quality Establishes a timetable for adoption of Groundwater Sustainability Plans; Empowers local agencies to manage basins sustainably;
Establishes basic requirements for Groundwater Sustainability Plans; and Provides for a limited State role.

SGMA requires local agencies to form groundwater sustainability agencies (GSAs) for the high and medium priority basins. GSAs develop and implement groundwater sustainability plans (GSPs) for non-adjudicated areas; a GSP is not required for adjudicated areas. However, if an adjudicated action has determined the rights to extract groundwater for only a portion of a basin, then the requirement for a GSP applies to the non-adjudicated portion. DWR evaluates GSPs to determine if they comply with SGMA, substantially comply with the GSP Regulations, and whether implementation of the GSP is likely to achieve the GSP
Regulations. For an adjudicated area, or the portion of the basin subject to the adjudication, the watermaster or a local agency for the adjudicated area, is required to submit to DWR on an annual basis, a report containing information to the extent available regarding groundwater elevation data; groundwater extraction data, surface water used or available for groundwater recharge; total water use; change in groundwater storage; and the annual report submitted to the court. Refer also to the Groundwater Management Plan discussion below.

LOCAL
Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) for the Santa Ana River Basin A Basin Plan is designed to preserve and enhance water quality and protect the beneficial uses of all regional waters. The Basin Plan is a resource for the Regional Board and others who use water and/or discharge wastewater in the region that the Basin Plan is designed to cover. Other agencies and organizations involved in environmental permitting and resource management activities also use the Basin Plan. Finally, the Basin Plan provides valuable information to the public about local water quality issues.

The Santa Ana Region (Region 8) includes the upper and lower Santa Ana River watersheds, the San Jacinto River Watershed, and several other small drainage areas. The Santa Ana Region covers parts of southwestern San Bernardino County, western Riverside County, and northwestern Orange County. The Study Area is located within this region.

Municipal NPDES Permit Waste Discharge Requirements
In response to the Federal Clean Water Act, the Riverside County Watershed Protection program regulates waste dischargers under a NPDES Permit administered by the appropriate RWQCB. Specifically, the municipalities are regulated with regard to their jurisdiction over and/or maintenance responsibility for municipal storm drain systems and watercourses that they own or operate. The NPDES Permit is concerned primarily with regulating trash, pollutants of concern, and excessive hydrologic runoff which can carry sediment and cause flooding.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-13 Hydrology and Water Quality As stated above, pursuant to Section 402 of the CWA and the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act, municipal stormwater discharge in the City of San Jacinto is subject to the WDRs of the MS4 Permit (Order Number R8-2010-0033) and NPDES Permit No. CAS618033.

The NPDES Permit identifies watershed-wide waste discharge requirements for discharges of storm water runoff associated with new development in the San Jacinto Watershed. It requires developers to complete a SWPPP to address the specific circumstances of each project site. These SWPPPs must: 1) identify all pollutant sources; 2) identify all non-storm water discharges; 3) implement BMPs to reduce or eliminate pollutants in storm water discharges; and 4) develop a maintenance schedule for BMPs installed during construction. The SWPPP must be submitted and approved by the Santa Ana RWQCB concurrently with the Notice of Intent to comply with the terms of the Permit prior to construction activities of one acre or potable water supply.

Riverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District Master Drainage Plan for San Jacinto Valley Zone 4
The San Jacinto Valley Master Drainage Plan was adopted in October 2015 to identify drainage facilities that will alleviate both known and anticipated drainage problems within the San Jacinto Valley area. The Master Drainage Plan provides an effective and economical approach to providing flood protection and drainage to the area and may be used to guide construction scheduling of the principal drainage facilities.

The Master Drainage Plan will also serve as a guide for locating and sizing local critical drainage facilities necessary to support orderly development within the area.

Riverside County Drainage Area Management Plan
The 2017 Drainage Area Man
principal document that translates the MS4 Permit requirements into Permittee programs and implementation plans to manage Urban Runoff. The DAMP was prepared and is periodically updated using a consensus building process that involving public and private sector input and public review through the CEQA process. The DAMP serves as a model to document the SAR MS4 Permit compliance programs and to provide guidance to the Permittees in the development and implementation of their Local Implementation Plans (LIPs) which contain the enforceable elements of the Permittee compliance programs.

Riverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District (RCFCWCD) 2011 Design Handbook for Low Impact Development (LID) Best Management Practices (BMPs) The RCFCWCD 2011 Design Handbook for LID BMP (Design Handbook) is designed to comply with the requirements of the NPDES MS4 Permit for stormwater and non-stormwater discharges from the MS4 within Riverside County. The Design Handbook provides guidance for the implementation of stormwater quality control measures in new development and redevelopment projects, with the intention of improving water quality and mitigating potential water quality impacts from stormwater and nonstormwater discharges.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-14 Hydrology and Water Quality Groundwater Management Plan
The San Jacinto Basin is identified as Basin Number 8-005 pursuant to DWR Bulletin 118. Disputes and iple water diversions
from the San Jacinto River (Langridge, R., Brown, A., Rudestam, K., & Conrad, E. 2016). When water users within a basin are in dispute over legal rights to the water, a court can issue a ruling known as an adjudication (California Department of Water Resources 2022). Adjudications can cover an entire basin, a portion of a basin, or a group of basins and all non-basin locations between. The San Jacinto Basin is partially adjudicated; the Hemet/San Jacinto Groundwater Management Area was adjudicated in 2013 and the West San Jacinto Groundwater Sustainability Agency (West San Jacinto GSA) Area remains unadjudicated (EMWD 2022). Figure 5.10-3 shows the location of the groundwater management areas in the Basin.

In April 2013, a Stipulated Judgment (Judgment), Case Number RIC 1207274, was entered with the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Riverside adopting the Management Plan (first released in 2007) and creating the Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster (Eastern Municipal Water District 2019). The Judgment declares individual water rights of EMWD, LHMWD, Cities of Hemet and San Jacinto, and other private groundwater pumpers, to groundwater in 1) the Canyon Sub-basin, 2) the San Jacinto Upper Pressure Sub-basin downstream to Bridge Street, and 3) the Hemet Sub-basin. These sub-basins are collectively called the Management Area and are located in the San Jacinto Valley. The Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster Board is the governing body for the Management Area. In compliance with SGMA, the Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster submits an Annual Report to DWR to comply with SGMA requirements for adjudicated basins. The Judgment estimates the groundwater safe yield of the Management Area to be approximately 45,000 AF per year. The City of San Jacinto produces groundwater from the adjudicated Hemet/San Jacinto Groundwater Management Area of the San Jacinto Basin. The City Base Production Rights are currently 3,004 AF per year (Stetson 2021). The Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster has the ability to reduce the amount of water rights available to producers before they must pay an assessment for imported water. This action provides producers with an economic incentive to reduce demands.

The San Jacinto Basin was designated a highSGMA requires the non-adjudicated portion of the San Jacinto Basin (West San Jacinto GSA) be managed by a GSA by 2022, and that a GSP ecame the
exclusive GSA for the western portion of the San Jacinto Basin (West San Jacinto GSA) on April 24, 2017.

A public draft of the GSP for the San Jacinto Groundwater Basin was released in September 2021 (Dudek 2021). This document applies to the entirety of the non-adjudicated portion of the Basin.

City of San Jacinto Municipal Code
The San Jacinto Municipal Code, Chapter 13.44, Storm Water Management, covers storm water/urban runoff management and discharge controls. Chapter 13.44 aims to protect future health, safety, and general welfare of citizens by reducing storm water discharges to the maximum extent practicable, regulating illicit connections and non-storm water discharges to the storm drain system.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-15 Hydrology and Water Quality Municipal Code Chapter 15.28, Hillside Development, regulates development of hillside areas in the City by requiring approval of a development plan by the planning commission prior to any development on a hillside. Conditions of approval of a hillside development plan may entail drainage and landscaping features to reduce water erosion and provide for groundwater recharge, in accordance with the general grading guidelines described in Section 15.28.050, Soils, Grading, and Drainage. Municipal Code Chapter 15.40, Floodplain Management, provides land use and development regulations to all land within flood prone, mudslide (i.e., mudflow) or flood-related erosion areas in order to promote the public health, safety, and general welfare, and to minimize public and private losses due to flood conditions. Article II of Chapter 15.40 appoints the City Engineer as floodplain administrator whose duties and responsibilities include review of development permits to ensure adherence to federal, State, and local flood-related regulations. Article III of Chapter 15.40 provides additional standards applicable to all areas of special flood hazards in the City.

SJDC Chapter 17.325, Water Efficient Landscape and Irrigation, addresses landscaping requirements and water-efficient landscaping standards throughout the City. SJDC Section 17.325.060, Landscape and Irrigation Submittal Package Requirements, requires project applicants proposing new or rehabilitated landscape subject to Chapter 17.325 to submit a landscape and irrigation package (Landscape and Irrigation Submittal Package) to the City for review and approval prior to issuance of a certificate of occupancy or other final City approval for the project site. The Landscape and Irrigation Submittal Package includes an irrigation design plan and grading design plan to ensure efficient use of water and minimize soil erosion, runoff, and water waste.

SJDC Section 17.600.100, Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) Required, requires new developments or modifications to existing development are designed to control pollutants in storm water and urban runoff in order to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of receiving waters. The City Engineer has the authority to approve the BMPs.

5.10.4 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA AND THRESHOLDS
Appendix G of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines contains the Initial Study Environmental Checklist, which includes questions related to hydrology and water quality. The issues presented in the Initial Study Environmental Checklist have been utilized as thresholds of significance in this section. Accordingly, a project may create a significant environmental impact if it would:

Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or groundwater quality;
Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin; Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would:
o result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site;

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-16 Hydrology and Water Quality o substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or offsite;
o create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff; or
o impede or redirect flood flows.

In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation; and/or
Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan.

5.10.5 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
HWQ-1: Would the project violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or groundwater quality?
Impact Analysis:

CONSTRUCTION
Grading, excavation, removal of vegetation cover, and loading activities associated with future construction activities could temporarily increase runoff, erosion, and sedimentation. Construction activities also could result in soil compaction and wind erosion impacts that could adversely affect soils and reduce the revegetation potential at construction sites and staging areas.

In compliance with NPDES Permit regulations, the State of California requires that any construction activity disturbing one acre or more of soil comply with the Construction General Permit. The permit requires development and implementation of a SWPPP and monitoring plan, which must include erosioncontrol and sediment-control BMPs that would meet or exceed measures required by the Construction General Permit to control stormwater quality degradation due to potential construction-related pollutants.

The General Plan Update sets policies and actions for build-out of the City, but it does not envision or authorize any specific development project. Because of this, the site-specific details of potential future development projects are currently unknown and analysis of potential impacts of such projects is not feasible and would be speculative. However, each future project must include detailed project specific drainage plans that control storm water runoff and erosion, both during and after construction. The RWQCB would require a project-specific SWPPP to be prepared for each future project that disturbs an area one acre or larger. The SWPPPs would include project-specific best management measures that are designed to control drainage and erosion.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-17 Hydrology and Water Quality

OPERATION
Pursuant to the Riverside County MS4 NPDES Permit and SJDC Section 17.600.100, qualifying new development and redevelopment projects are required by the City to prepare a WQMP or similar demonstration of post-construction BMPs to mitigate downstream impacts to flooding and water quality.

Prior to issuance of any grading permits for any development project within the City, a WQMP would be submitted for review and approval to the City of San Jacinto Public Works Department. A preliminary WQMP would be submitted as part of the entitlement process for development projects; the preliminary WQMP would outline the required quantities of storm water required to be treated and the appropriate treatment methods. A final WQMP would be submitted to the City as part of final construction documents to identify the BMPs for the project. BMPs identified in the WQMP would be required to address site design, source controls, and treatment controls. Projects not requiring a WQMP would be required to implement all of the minimum BMPs approved by the City Engineer. All new development and redevelopment projects must also be consistent with the Santa Ana River Region DAMP and would also be required to fulfill any conditions and requirements established by the City Engineer which are related to the reduction or elimination of pollutants in stormwater and urban runoff from the project site. The General Plan Update Public Safety Element and Resource Management Element includes goals, policies, and actions to address water quality associated with development, as further described below.

The City does not
contain any CWA Section 303(d)-listed water bodies.

The City manages local storm drain facilities and the RCFCWCD is responsible for regional flood control planning within the County. Provision of stormwater detention facilities as needed would reduce runoff rates and peak flows. General Plan Update Public Safety and Resource Management goals, policies, and actions aim to enhance stormwater quality and infiltration as well as ensure development projects are reviewed to identify potential stormwater and drainage impacts and require development to include measures to confirm off-site runoff is not increased beyond pre-development levels. Goal RM-2 aims to -2.2 protects aquifers and encourages groundwater recharge within the Basin. Policy RM-2.5 ensures cooperation with local water agencies to manage stormwater runoff. Policy Action RM-1f would reduce soil erosion and pollutants in stormwater runoff by ensuring proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented through the development review process. Action RM-2a further reduces soil erosion and pollutants in urban runoff by requiring new development and redevelopment projects to control stormwater runoff through implementation of BMPs and requiring projects of one acre or more to complete a SWPPP. Action RM-2b enhances water quality by cooperating with the RWQCB to develop a plan to assist agricultural operations to reduce nitrate and sediment input to surface waters. Actions RM-2g and RM-2h reduce potential impacts from septic systems on water sources by regulating new septic systems and encouraging the conversion from existing septic systems to sewer. Action RM-9e ensures cooperation with the Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster to proactively manage groundwater resources and comply with the Stipulated Judgment and other applicable federal, State and local regulations. Existing regulatory requirements that manage water quality include requirements to obtain approval from the RWQCB for NPDES permits, other discharge permits, WQMPs, SWPPPs, and to implement BMPs. These regulatory requirements are intended to ensure that water quality does not degrade to levels that would violate water quality standards. Through

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-18 Hydrology and Water Quality implementation of the General Plan Update policies and actions, implementation of the Municipal Code requirements identified above, compliance with mandatory federal and State regulations, and compliance with the existing regulations for the San Jacinto River Watershed, future development projects associated with implementation of the General Plan Update would not violate water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or groundwater quality.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Action RM-1f: During the development review process, ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented. To enforce this, the City Engineer or Director may request the completion of a survey of soil and geologic conditions by a State licensed Engineering Geologist and Civil Engineer, where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the survey.

Goal RM-2: Water Resources. A community that protects and conserves limited water resources.

Policy RM-2.1: Regional Cooperation. Cooperate with federal, State, and county governments, and other agencies on the maintenance and improvement of the quality and quantity of local and regional groundwater resources.

Policy RM-2.2: Groundwater Management. Protect aquifers within the Basin and encourage groundwater recharge.

Policy RM-2.5: Stormwater. Work cooperatively with local water agencies to effectively and efficiently strategy.

Policy RM-2.6: Septic Systems. Discourage the use of septic systems to reduce potential negative impacts to groundwater.

Action RM-2a: To reduce soil erosion and pollutants in urban runoff, require new development and redevelopment projects control stormwater runoff through implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. Existing development shall control stormwater runoff so as to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. As specific development projects are implemented, project proponents will be required to consult with relevant agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). Also, ensure that projects of one acre or more complete a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) pursuant to California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) Santa Ana Region Order No. 00- 8-2002-0011 (NPDES No. CAS
618033).

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-19 Hydrology and Water Quality Action RM-2b: Cooperate with the Regional Water Quality Control Board to develop a plan to assist agricultural operations to reduce nitrate and sediment input to surface waters. Such a plan will enhance water quality and benefit aquatic plants and wildlife within the planning area as well as downstream.

Action RM-2g: During the development review process, the City shall allow new septic systems only for quirement of onehalf acre per subsurface disposal system and where sewer connection is infeasible.

Action RM-2h: Continue to encourage the conversion from existing septic systems to sewer by limiting the replacement or expansion/repair of existing septic systems as feasible.

Action RM-9a: Continue to cooperate with the water districts to ensure adequate water supply and sewage treatment facilities are provided and maintained in the community. Specifically, the City should:

During the processing of development proposals, ensure the water districts are consulted regarding the potential impact of the project on water supplies and sewage treatment facilities. When requested by the district or City Engineer, require proposed developments to include a water quality assessment as part of the application materials, and implement identified mitigation measures during construction and development.

Ensure the project applicant has paid the required fees prior to occupancy of any new development.

Require water conservation devices and xeriscape water efficient landscaping in new public and private development and redevelopment projects.

Action RM-9e: Cooperate with the Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster to proactively manage groundwater resources and comply with the Stipulated Judgment and other applicable federal, State and local regulations.

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Action PS-1g: During review of discretionary development and redevelopment proposals, require surveys of soil and geologic conditions by State licensed Engineering Geologists and Civil Engineers where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the geologic survey.

Policy PS-3.7: Stormwater Runoff. Encourage new developments that add impervious surfaces to integrate low impact development best management practices to reduce stormwater runoff.

Action PS-3b: Review projects for project-related flood control and stormwater management impacts t
Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

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Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-20 Hydrology and Water Quality Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

HWQ-2: Would the project substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin?
Impact Analysis: The Study Area is underlain by the San Jacinto Groundwater Basin of the San Jacinto River Watershed. Groundwater Basin resources in the San Jacinto River Watershed have been delineated into four separate groundwater sub-basins or groundwater management zones, of which the Study Area is within the Hemet/San Jacinto Groundwater Management Area. The Hemet/San Jacinto Management Area is in the western portion of Riverside County and includes the cities of San Jacinto and Hemet, and the unincorporated areas of Winchester, Valle Vista, and Cactus Valley. The San Jacinto River recharges the groundwater basin in the area southeast of the City of San Jacinto. be approxima
AF per year. The Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster has the ability to reduce the amount of water rights available to producers before they must pay an assessment for imported water. This action provides producers with an economic incentive to reduce demands.

Natural recharge to the San Jacinto Basin is primarily from percolation of flow in the San Jacinto River and its tributary stream and from infiltration of rainfall on the valley floor. The primary recharge area for the confined aquifers is found where the San Jacinto River and Bautista Creek enter the San Jacinto Valley.

Percolation of water stored in Lake Perris has been an additional source of recharge since construction of the lake in the 1970s. Groundwater levels within the San Jacinto Basin have remained relatively stable in the Lakeview, San Jacinto Lower Pressure, Menifee, and Hemet South Management Zones. In the Perris North and South Management Zones, groundwater levels have generally risen within the past five years.

Pursuant to California Department of Water Resources Bulletin 118, the total groundwater storage capacity of the San Jacinto Basin is estimated to be about 3,070,000 AF. In 1975, the calculated amount of groundwater in storage was 2,700,000 AF.

As discussed in detail in Section 5.19, Utilities and Service Systems, the Study Area is served by three water service providers: the City of San Jacinto Water Department, the Eastern Municipal Water District (EMWD), and the Lake Hemet Municipal Water District (LHMWD). The vast majority of the Study Area is service area. The City relies almost exclusively on groundwater pumped by three wells within the Groundwater Basin, with access to emergency imported water purchased from Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD) through EMWD. In addition, the Basin has a Groundwater Replenishment Program which uses treated imported water to recharge the Basin. As discussed in Section

5.19 of this EIR, all three water service providers have concluded in their respective Urban Water Management Plans (UWMPs) that they will be able to meet projected future water demand.

Subsequent development projects under the General Plan Update, such as residential, commercial, industrial, and roadway projects, would result in new impervious surfaces and could reduce rainwater

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Packet Pg. 2260 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-21 Hydrology and Water Quality infiltration and groundwater recharge. However, the majority of development anticipated by the General Plan Update is within areas currently developed with urban uses. The General Plan Land Use Map proposed under the General Plan Update redesignates a minimal amount (97 acres or less than two percent of the Study Area) of land currently designated for open spaces uses to urban uses. The amount of new pavement and impervious surfaces, and the extent to which they affect infiltration, depends on the site-specific features and soil types of a given project site. Projects located in urban areas would have less of an impact than projects converting open lands and spaces. Additionally, as discussed above, natural recharge to the San Jacinto Basin is primarily from percolation of flow in the San Jacinto River and its tributary stream. The proposed General Plan Land Use Map does not redesignate any land within the San Jacinto River; therefore, implementation under the General Plan Update would not significantly impact natural rainwater infiltration and groundwater recharge in the San Jacinto River beyond existing conditions.

Given that implementation and future buildout under the General Plan Update would not appreciably add to the volume of imperious surfaces in the Study Area, when compared to the overall size of the regional groundwater basin recharge area, and that there are adequate water supplies (including groundwater) to serve the projected buildout demand of the General Plan, this potential impact would be less than significant, and no additional mitigation is required.

The General Plan Update Public Safety Element and Resource Management Element includes policies that support water conservation, groundwater management, and coordination with local water districts when planning for adequate capacity to accommodate future growth. Goal RMwater resources. Policy RM-2.1 directs cooperation with regional governments and other agencies with regard to groundwater quality and quantity. Policy RM-2.2 protects aquifers and encourages groundwater recharge within the Basin. Policy RM-2.3 promotes water conservation. Policy RM-2.4 promotes groundwater recharge by avoiding development that would impact watershed areas and natural drainage channels. Policy RM-2.5 ensures cooperation with local water agencies to manage stormwater runoff.

Policy RM-2.7 promotes the expanded use of reclaimed water, and Action RM-2c directs participation in programs that would expand the use of reclaimed water for urban and agricultural irrigation. Action RM2d encourages conservation techniques, including aquifer and groundwater recharge programs, water conservation education, requiring drought resistant plant species in landscaping for public and private areas, expanding the use of reclaimed water, and requiring water conservation devises in public and private development projects. Action RM-2f incorporates open space and preservation areas in areas used for ground water recharge and drainage detention. Action RM-9a directs cooperation with water districts to ensure the provision and maintenance of adequate water supply and sewage treatment facilities through analysis of impacts during the development proposal process, development impact fees, and requiring water conservation devices and water efficient landscaping. Action RM-9e ensures cooperation with the Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster to proactively manage groundwater resources and comply with the Stipulated Judgment and other applicable federal, State and local regulations. Implementation of the General Plan policies, combined with continued management of the San Jacinto Groundwater Basin, would further ensure that future development anticipated by the General Plan Update would not substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge.

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Packet Pg. 2261 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-22 Hydrology and Water Quality Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Policy RM-1.1: Balanced Open Space System. Support a balanced and integrated open space system that reflects a variety of considerations, including resource conservation, recreation, aesthetics, and community identity.

Goal RM-2: Water Resources. A community that protects and conserves limited water resources.

Policy RM-2.1: Regional Cooperation. Cooperate with federal, State, and county governments, and other agencies on the maintenance and improvement of the quality and quantity of local and regional groundwater resources.

Policy RM-2.2: Groundwater Management. Protect aquifers within the Basin and encourage groundwater recharge.

Policy RM-2.3: Conservation. Promote residential, commercial, and institutional water conservation strategies using multiple innovative strategies and contemporary best practices.

Policy RM-2.4: Natural Conditions. Encourage development that avoids impacts to watershed areas, wetlands, natural drainage channels, riparian areas, and creeks, retaining these resources in their natural condition if feasible.

Policy RM-2.5: Stormwater. Work cooperatively with local water agencies to effectively and efficiently strategy.

Policy RM-2.7: Reclaimed Water. Promote the expanded use of reclaimed water, where feasible.

Action RM-2c: In cooperation with the state, regional, and local water agencies and suppliers, participate in programs that seek to expand the availability and use of recycled water for irrigation where feasible and legally permitted. Specifically, support the expansion of the use of recycled water for urban and agricultural irrigation. Cooperate with these agencies to establish standards and regulations for the use of recycled water in development projects.

Action RM-2d: Work with the water districts and private developers to encourage water conservation in the following ways:

Implementing aquifer and groundwater recharge programs
Participating in water conservation programs operated by the local and regional water districts
Establishing water conservation education programs
Requiring the use of drought resistant plant species in landscaping for public and private areas, including parks and recreational facilities, in accordance with the Water Efficient Landscaping requirements.

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Packet Pg. 2262 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-23 Hydrology and Water Quality Expanding the production and use of reclaimed water
Requiring the incorporation of water conservation devices, including low flush toilets, flow restriction devices, and water conserving appliances in both new public and private development projects and rehabilitation projects.

Action RM-2f: Whenever feasible, incorporate improved open space and preservation areas and quasiactive recreation facilities in areas used for ground water recharge and/or drainage detention.

Action RM-9a: Continue to cooperate with the water districts to ensure adequate water supply and sewage treatment facilities are provided and maintained in the community. Specifically, the City should:

During the processing of development proposals, ensure the water districts are consulted regarding the potential impact of the project on water supplies and sewage treatment facilities. When requested by the district or City Engineer, require proposed developments to include a water quality assessment as part of the application materials, and implement identified mitigation measures during construction and development.

Ensure the project applicant has paid the required fees prior to occupancy of any new development.

Require water conservation devices and xeriscape water efficient landscaping in new public and private development and redevelopment projects.

Action RM-9b: Cooperate with the water districts to update population projections, water use and sewer generation formulas, needed improvements, and programs within the Water and Sewer Master Plans at least every five years.

Action RM-9e: Cooperate with the Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster to proactively manage groundwater resources and comply with the Stipulated Judgment and other applicable federal, State and local regulations.

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Policy PS-3.7: Stormwater Runoff. Encourage new developments that add impervious surfaces to integrate low impact development best management practices to reduce stormwater runoff.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

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Packet Pg. 2263 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-24 Hydrology and Water Quality HWQ-3: Would the project substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would:
result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site; substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or offsite;
create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff; or
impede or redirect flood flows?
Impact Analysis:

EROSION AND SILTATION
Implementation under the General Plan Update would result in new development projects, such as residential, commercial, industrial, and roadway projects, which may increase the area of impervious surfaces and/or result in alteration of existing drainage patterns. Substantial erosion or siltation is known to result during construction and/or during the post-construction phase if erosion control measures are not used. Erosion or siltation can also occur in the post-construction phase if runoff is not captured and conveyed appropriately.

As stated above, future development under the General Plan Update would be subject to NPDES permit requirements that address the control of erosion and siltation. This includes the Construction General Permit, which requires a SWPPP and the effective implementation of erosion control measures for projects greater than one acre in size (or part of a larger plan of development). The Santa Ana RWQCB conducts inspections and enforces the Construction General Permit at construction sites. Additionally, future development on hillside areas would be subject to Municipal Code Chapter 15.28, Hillside Development, which requires City approval of a development plan prior to development on hillsides in the City. Approval of a hillside development plan may require drainage and landscaping features to reduce water erosion and provide for groundwater recharge, in accordance with the general grading guidelines described in Municipal Code Section 15.28.050, Soils, Grading, and Drainage. Development under the General Plan Update would also be subject to the post-construction requirements of the MS4 NPDES permit. SJDC Section 17.600.100 requires as part of the permit application process preparation of a project-specific WQMP and drainage study for review and approval by the City prior to issuance of a grading permit(s). The WQMP ensures that implementing project designs have incorporated current LID methods (or adequately demonstrated why LID will not be feasible) for the effective treatment of pollutants of concern in stormwater runoff from a design storm event. Project-specific drainage studies would demonstrate the pre- and post-construction hydrology and hydraulics of implementing projects, and how the project and any incorporated elements, such as such detention basins, would ensure that adverse downstream impacts to receiving waters and/or receiving drainage facilities have been mitigated.

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Packet Pg. 2264 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-25 Hydrology and Water Quality Discharges that are not authorized by a NPDES permit must be permitted by other means by the Santa Ana RWQCB or SWRCB (e.g., filing a Report of Waste Discharge, Water Quality Certification).

Further, the General Plan Update Public Safety Element and Resource Management Element includes goals, policies, and actions that address erosion and siltation from the addition of impervious surfaces and alteration of existing drainage patterns. Policy PS-3.7 encourages new developments that add impervious surfaces to integrate LID BMPs to reduce stormwater runoff. Actions PS-1G and RM-1f require surveys of soil and geologic conditions during review of discretionary development and redevelopment proposals, where appropriate, and requires mitigation if potential impacts are identified. Action PS-3b requires review of projects for project-related flood control and stormwater management impacts to ensure that Action RM-2a reduces erosion and siltation
by requiring new development and redevelopment projects to control stormwater runoff through implementation of BMPs and requiring projects of one acre or more to complete a SWPPP. Action RM-2b enhances water quality by cooperating with the RWQCB to develop a plan to assist agricultural operations to reduce nitrate and sediment input to surface waters. Through implementation of the General Plan Update policies and existing regulations, erosion/siltation impacts from changes to the existing drainage patterns and increasing impervious surfaces would be less than significant and no mitigation is required.

SURFACE RUNOFF
Future development under the General Plan Update has the potential to result in changes to the existing drainage patterns and could exceed the capacity of stormwater drainage systems and/or cause flooding on- or off-site of a project. Flooding can occur from an increase in impervious surfaces, which increases the volume and speed of runoff. When the volume and speed of runoff are increased, drainage facilities can be unable to handle the flows and capacity could be exceeded.

As previously described, RCFCWCD and the City operate and maintain a network of flood control facilities within the Study Area. As specified in SJDC Section 17.600.100, WQMPs would be required for qualifying projects to incorporate LID BMPs into the drainage system, slowing on- and off-site flow rates and decreasing flooding. WQMPs would also evaluate methods of on-site retention of runoff, such as cisterns, rain barrels, and basins which allow for a metered release of flows, typically after the rain event has passed, when capacity becomes available in the downstream pipes and channels.

The General Plan Update contains goals, policies, and actions to provide adequate stormwater infrastructure for flood control and to reduce run-off quantity. Policy PS-3.7 encourages new developments that add impervious surfaces to integrate LID BMPs to reduce stormwater runoff. Policy PS-3.10 ensures coordination with the RCDCD to consider the expansion of flood control facilities based on changing flood conditions associated with climate change and extreme weather. Policy PS-3.12 directs the City to regularly assess and maintain local storm drainage infrastructure to ensure that the system is functioning property. Action PS-3f ensures the City regularly reviews county, State, and federal flood control best practices and incorporates appropriate standards into the Municipal Code. Policy RM-2.5 ensures cooperation with local water agencies to manage stormwater runoff. Action RM-2a requires new development and redevelopment projects to control stormwater runoff through implementation of BMPs and requiring projects of one acre or more to complete a SWPPP. Through implementation of the General Plan Update Plan goals, policies, and actions and existing federal, State, and local regulations discussed

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Packet Pg. 2265 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-26 Hydrology and Water Quality above, runoff would not exceed the capacity of drainage systems, provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff, or cause flooding impacts from changes to the existing drainage patterns and increased impervious surfaces. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant and no mitigation is required.

FLOOD FLOWS
As described above and shown in Figure 5.10-4, several portions of the Study Area are subject to the 100- year flood and a small portion of the City is located within a mapped portion of the 500-year FEMA flood zone. Based on FEMA mapping, the northern portion of the City, generally located along the San Jacinto River and the Colorado River Aqueduct, is within a mapped portion of the 100-year FEMA flood zone.

The General Plan Update sets policies and actions for buildout of the City, but does not envision or authorize any specific development project. Policy PS-3.1 directs City coordination with local, state, and federal, state, and local standards. Policy PS-3.6 ensures the City adheres to the latest building, site, and design codes in the California Building Code and FEMA flood control guidelines to avoid or minimize the risk of flooding hazards. Policy PS-3.8 protects the community from flood hazards by providing and maintaining flood control facilities and limiting development within the flood plain and flood way. Policy PS-3.11 requires all new development and redevelopment in areas susceptible to flooding to incorporate mitigation measures designed to reduce flood hazards. Policy PS-3.12 directs the City to regularly assess and maintain local storm drainage infrastructure to ensure that the system is functioning property. Policy RM-2.4 encourages development that avoids impacts to watershed areas, wetlands, natural drainage channels, riparian areas, and creeks, retaining these resources in their natural condition if feasible. Action PS-3f ensures the City regularly reviews county, State, and federal flood control best practices and incorporates appropriate standards into the Municipal Code. As described above, Municipal Code Chapter

15.40, Floodplain Management, provides land use and development regulations to all land within floodprone, mudslide (i.e., mudflow), or flood-related erosion areas, including City review of development permits to ensure adherence to federal, State, and local flood-related regulations as well as additional standards applicable to all areas of special flood hazards in the City. Future development projects would be reviewed by the City to determine if a project site is located within areas of special flood hazards and thus subject to additional provisions set forth in Chapter 15.40. Additionally, construction of storm drainage improvements would occur as part of an overall development or infrastructure project, and would be considered in the environmental review associated with the specific project being proposed.

With implementation of General Plan Update goals, policies, and implementation and compliance with existing regulations, the General Plan Update would not impede or redirect flood flows; impacts would be less than significant and no mitigation is required.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Action PS-1g: During review of discretionary development and redevelopment proposals, require surveys of soil and geologic conditions by State licensed Engineering Geologists and Civil Engineers where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require

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Packet Pg. 2266 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-27 Hydrology and Water Quality project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the geologic survey.

Policy PS-3.1: Regulatory Compliance. Coordinate with local, state, and federal agencies to ensure that are in compliance with federal, state, and
local standards.

Policy PS-3.6: Building Codes. Adhere to the latest building, site, and design codes in the California Building Code and FEMA flood control guidelines to avoid or minimize the risk of flooding hazards in the community.

Policy PS-3.7: Stormwater Runoff. Encourage new developments that add impervious surfaces to integrate low impact development best management practices to reduce stormwater runoff.

Policy PS-3.8: Development in the Flood Plain and Flood Way. Protect the community from flooding hazards by providing and maintaining flood control facilities and limiting development within the flood plain and flood way as necessary to protect public health and safety.

Policy PS-3.9: Existing Flood Zones. Maintain dialogue with the RCFCD regarding regional flood facilities.

Policy PS-3.10: Changing Conditions. Coordinate with the RCDCD to consider the need to expand the capacity of flood control facilities based on changing flood conditions associated with climate change and extreme weather.

Policy PS-3.11: Mitigation. Require that all new development and redevelopment in areas susceptible to flooding incorporate mitigation measures designed to reduce flood hazards.

Policy PS-3.12: Adequate Infrastructure. Maintain and regularly assess the status of local storm drainage infrastructure to ensure that the system is functioning property.

Action PS-3b: Review projects for project-related flood control and stormwater management impacts to ensure that all
Action PS-3f: Periodically review county, state, and federal flood control best practices and incorporate appropriate standards into the Municipal Code.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Action RM-1f: During the development review process, ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented. To enforce this, the City Engineer or Director may request the completion of a survey of soil and geologic conditions by a State licensed Engineering Geologist and Civil Engineer, where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the survey.

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Packet Pg. 2267 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-28 Hydrology and Water Quality Policy RM-2.1: Regional Cooperation. Cooperate with federal, State, and county governments, and other agencies on the maintenance and improvement of the quality and quantity of local and regional groundwater resources.

Policy RM-2.4: Natural Conditions. Encourage development that avoids impacts to watershed areas, wetlands, natural drainage channels, riparian areas, and creeks, retaining these resources in their natural condition if feasible.

Policy RM-2.5: Stormwater. Work cooperatively with local water agencies to effectively and efficiently manage stormwa
strategy.

Action RM-2a: To reduce soil erosion and pollutants in urban runoff, require new development and redevelopment projects control stormwater runoff through implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. Existing development shall control stormwater runoff so as to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. As specific development projects are implemented, project proponents will be required to consult with relevant agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). Also, ensure that projects of one acre or more complete a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) pursuant to California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) Santa Ana Region Order No. 00- -2002-0011 (NPDES No. CAS
618033).

Action RM-2b: Cooperate with the Regional Water Quality Control Board to develop a plan to assist agricultural operations to reduce nitrate and sediment input to surface waters. Such a plan will enhance water quality and benefit aquatic plants and wildlife within the planning area as well as downstream.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

HWQ-4: Would the project, in flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation?
Impact Analysis: As described above and shown in Figure 5.10-4, several portions of the Study Area are subject to the 100-year flood and a small portion of the City is located within a mapped portion of the 500-year FEMA flood zone. Based on FEMA mapping, the northern portion of the City, generally located along the San Jacinto River and the Colorado River Aqueduct, is within a mapped portion of the 100-year FEMA flood zone. Should structures proposed under the General Plan Update become inundated during a future flood event, there is a risk of pollutants being released inadvertently into the environment. As described above, pursuant to the CWA, each subsequent development project or improvement project that disturbs more than one acre would be required to obtain NPDES coverage under the Construction

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Packet Pg. 2268 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-29 Hydrology and Water Quality General Permit, which would require an approved SWPPP that includes BMPs for grading and preservation of topsoil. SWPPPs are designed to control storm water quality degradation to the extent practicable using BMPs during and after construction. In addition, the regulations of San Jacinto Municipal Code Chapter

15.40 restrict land uses that are dangerous to public health, safety, and property due to water or erosion hazards and require land uses vulnerable to flood, mudslide, or flood-related erosion be protected against flood damage at the time of initial construction. Further, the General Plan Update Safety Element includes goals, policies, and actions to reduce the risk of flooding and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. Policy PS-3.1 directs City coordination with local, state, and federal agencies to ensure that ompliance with federal, state, and local standards.

Policy PS-3.4 directs coordination with FEMA to ensure that FIRMs correctly depict flood hazards in the City. Policy PS-3.5 reduces flood hazards and addresses flood-prone areas within San Jacinto through implementation of the standards and requirements defined in the Municipal Code. Policy PS-3.6 ensures the City adheres to the latest building, site, and design codes in the California Building Code and FEMA flood control guidelines to avoid or minimize the risk of flooding hazards. Policy PS-3.8 protects the community from flood hazards by providing and maintaining flood control facilities and limiting development within the flood plain and flood way. Policy PS-3.10 ensures coordination with the RCDCD to consider the expansion of flood control facilities based on changing flood conditions associated with climate change and extreme weather. Policy PS-3.11 requires all new development and redevelopment in areas susceptible to flooding to incorporate mitigation measures designed to reduce flood hazards. Policy PS-3.12 directs the City to regularly assess and maintain local storm drainage infrastructure to ensure that the system is functioning property. Action PS-3a monitors changes in federal and State laws and regulations related to local flood protection, including the NFIP and incorporates necessary changes into the Municipal Code, the City's Emergency Operations Plan, and building codes as required and ensures new development within flood hazard zones is consistent with the Public Safety Element and meets flood protection requirements of State law. Action PS-3c disseminates information on flooding, flood control on private property, floodplains, and flood preparedness to the public. Action PS-3e requires all development located within a 100-year flood plain to be consistent with the requirements of FEMA. Action PS-3f ensures the City regularly reviews county, State, and federal flood control best practices and incorporates appropriate standards into the Municipal Code. Action PS-3h ensures continued City participation in the NFIP. Action PS-3i ensures continued implementation of the Flood Plain Management program, and ensures continued compliance with the rules and regulations for development in areas of special flood hazards as determined by the FEMA and as illustrated on the most recent FIRM.

The Study Area is located approximately 41 miles from the Pacific Ocean; therefore, the Study Area is too far away from the nearest ocean to have any meaningful tsunami risk.

Seiches can occur in bodies of water both near and far from an earthquake epicenter. Seiches as a result of ground shaking could occur in the region that may adversely impact property owners down-gradient from bodies of water in or near the Study Area. As shown in Figure 5.10-5, much of the western and eastern portions of San Jacinto have the potential to be inundated during failure of one or more dams.

However, as described above, the dams potentially affecting the Study Area do not have a history of dam failure, and monitoring and mitigation of dam failure is constantly occurring at both the federal and State

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Packet Pg. 2269 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-30 Hydrology and Water Quality levels. Additionally, the General Plan Update Safety Element includes goals, policies, and actions to reduce the risks associated with dam inundation. Policy PS-3.2 ensures coordination with the agencies responsible for dam operation and maintenance to reduce the risk of dam inundation from the San Jacinto Reservoir, Diamond Valley Lake, Little Lake, and Hemet Lake dams. Policy PS-3.3 ensures coordination with Reflection Lake staff to manage overflow and prevent safety hazards on Warren Road and Cottonwood Avenue.

Therefore, with implementation of General Plan Update goals, policies, and implementation and compliance with existing regulations, impacts associated with the risk of pollutants from seiches and flooding that may result from adoption and implementation of the General Plan Update would be less than significant and no mitigation is required.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Action PS-1g: During review of discretionary development and redevelopment proposals, require surveys of soil and geologic conditions by State licensed Engineering Geologists and Civil Engineers where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the geologic survey.

Policy PS-3.1: Regulatory Compliance. Coordinate with local, state, and federal agencies to ensure that local standards.

Policy PS-3.2: Dam Operation and Maintenance. Coordinate with the agencies responsible for dam operation and maintenance to reduce the risk of dam inundation from the San Jacinto Reservoir, Diamond Valley Lake, Little Lake, and Hemet Lake dams.

Policy PS-3.3: Reflection Lake Overflow. Coordinate with Reflection Lake staff to manage overflow and prevent safety hazards on Warren Road and Cottonwood Avenue.

Policy PS-3.4: FEMA Coordination. Coordinate with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to ensure that Federal Insurance Rate Maps correctly depict flood hazards in the City.

Policy PS-3.5: Municipal Code. Implement the standards and requirements defined in the Municipal Code to reduce flood hazards and address flood-prone areas within San Jacinto.

Policy PS-3.6: Building Codes. Adhere to the latest building, site, and design codes in the California Building Code and FEMA flood control guidelines to avoid or minimize the risk of flooding hazards in the community.

Policy PS-3.7: Stormwater Runoff. Encourage new developments that add impervious surfaces to integrate low impact development best management practices to reduce stormwater runoff.

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Packet Pg. 2270 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-31 Hydrology and Water Quality Policy PS-3.8: Development in the Flood Plain and Flood Way. Protect the community from flooding hazards by providing and maintaining flood control facilities and limiting development within the flood plain and flood way as necessary to protect public health and safety.

Policy PS-3.9: Existing Flood Zones. Maintain dialogue with the RCFCD regarding regional flood facilities.

Policy PS-3.10: Changing Conditions. Coordinate with the RCDCD to consider the need to expand the capacity of flood control facilities based on changing flood conditions associated with climate change and extreme weather.

Policy PS-3.11: Mitigation. Require that all new development and redevelopment in areas susceptible to flooding incorporate mitigation measures designed to reduce flood hazards.

Policy PS-3.12: Adequate Infrastructure. Maintain and regularly assess the status of local storm drainage infrastructure to ensure that the system is functioning property.

Action PS-3a: Monitor changes in Federal and State laws and regulations related to local flood protection, including the National Flood Insurance Program and incorporate necessary changes into the Municipal Code, the City's Emergency Operations Plan, and building within flood hazard zones is consistent with this Public Safety Element and is required to meet the flood protection requirements of State law, including but not limited to Government Code Sections 65007, 65865.5, 65962 and 66474.5.

Action PS-3b: Review projects for project-related flood control and stormwater management impacts Action PS-3c: Disseminate information on flooding, flood control on private property, floodplains, and flood preparedness to the public.

Action PS-3d: Communicate with FEMA periodically regarding updates to Flood Insurance Rate Maps and Letter of Map Revisions.

Action PS-3e: All development located within a 100-year flood plain shall be consistent with the requirements of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

Action PS-3f: Periodically review county, state, and federal flood control best practices and incorporate appropriate standards into the Municipal Code.

Action PS-3g: Work with the RCFCD and Regulatory Federal, State and local agencies and department Mitigation Grant, Flood Mitigation Assistance Programs, and Pre-disaster Mitigation Program, CalEPA and the CA State Water Resources Control Board offer grants to municipalities throughout California.

Action PS-3h: Continue to participate in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).

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Packet Pg. 2271 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-32 Hydrology and Water Quality Action PS-3i: Continue to implement the Flood Plain Management program, which establishes rules and regulations for flood plain management. Continue to apply the rules and regulations to development in areas of special flood hazards as determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and as illustrated on the most recent Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM).

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Action RM-1f: During the development review process, ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented. To enforce this, the City Engineer or Director may request the completion of a survey of soil and geologic conditions by a State licensed Engineering Geologist and Civil Engineer, where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the survey.

Action RM-2a: To reduce soil erosion and pollutants in urban runoff, require new development and redevelopment projects control stormwater runoff through implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. Existing development shall control stormwater runoff so as to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. As specific development projects are implemented, project proponents will be required to consult with relevant agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). Also, ensure that projects of one acre or more complete a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) pursuant to California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) Santa Ana Region Order No. 00- -2002-0011 (NPDES No. CAS
618033).

Action RM-2b: Cooperate with the Regional Water Quality Control Board to develop a plan to assist agricultural operations to reduce nitrate and sediment input to surface waters. Such a plan will enhance water quality and benefit aquatic plants and wildlife within the planning area as well as downstream.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

HWQ-5: Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? Impact Analysis: As described above, the local water quality control plan (Basin Plan) is maintained by the Santa Ana RWQCB. , beneficial uses, water
quality objectives, and antidegradation
programs. When permittees and projects comply with the provisions of applicable NPDES permits and water quality permitting, they are consistent with the Basin Plan. The General Plan Update includes

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Packet Pg. 2272 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-33 Hydrology and Water Quality policies to implement NPDES requirements and enforcement of said regulations, such as: Action RM-2a, which requires new development and redevelopment projects to control stormwater runoff through implementation of BMPs and requiring projects of one acre or more to complete a SWPPP, pursuant to California RWQCB Santa Ana Region Order No. 00- ; and Action PS-3b which requires review of projects for project-related flood control and stormwater management impacts to ensure that all proposed development complies Through implementation of existing regulations and the General Plan Update policies and actions, implementation of the General Plan Update would not conflict or obstruct a water quality control plan. Therefore, impacts in this regard will be less than significant.

As described above, the San Jacinto Basin was designated a highPrioritization report. In compliance with SGMA and the San Jacinto Basin Judgment, the Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster submits its Annual Report to DWR. The annual report applies to the adjudicated portion of the Basin. A public draft of the Groundwater Sustainability Plan for the San Jacinto Groundwater Basin was released in September 2021. The Groundwater Sustainability Plan applies to the entirety of the non-adjudicated portion of the Basin. The Judgment and Groundwater Sustainability Plan together provide for the legal and practical means of ensuring that the waters of the Basin are put to maximum beneficial use. The General Plan Update does not propose site-specific development. New development and redevelopment projects accommodated by the General Plan Update would be subject to the Judgment and Groundwater Sustainability Plan. Subsequent development projects would also be analyzed for potential environmental impacts, consistent with the requirements of CEQA. Therefore, the General Plan Update would not conflict with implementation of a sustainable groundwater management plan.

The General Plan Update includes policies to support the monitoring, protection, and development of groundwater resources which is consistent with the tasks of the Watermaster. Policy RM-2.1 directs cooperation with regional governments and other agencies with regard to groundwater quality and quantity. Policy RM-2.2 protects aquifers and encourages groundwater recharge within the Basin. Policy RM-2.3 promotes water conservation. Policy RM-2.4 promotes groundwater recharge by avoiding development that would impact watershed areas and natural drainage channels. Policy RM-2.5 ensures cooperation with local water agencies to manage stormwater runoff. Action RM-2d encourages conservation techniques, including aquifer and groundwater recharge programs, water conservation education, requiring drought resistant plant species in landscaping for public and private areas, expanding the use of reclaimed water, and requiring water conservation devises in public and private development projects. Actions RM-2g and RM-2h reduce potential impacts from septic systems on water sources by regulating new septic systems and encouraging the conversion from existing septic systems to sewer.

Action RM-9a directs cooperation with water districts to ensure the provision and maintenance of adequate water supply and sewage treatment facilities through analysis of impacts during the development proposal process, development impact fees, and requiring water conservation devices and water efficient landscaping. Action RM-9b ensures cooperation with the water districts to update population projections, water use and sewer generation formulas, needed improvements, and programs within the Water and Sewer Master Plans at least every five years. Action RM-9e ensures cooperation with the Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster to proactively manage groundwater resources and comply with the Stipulated Judgment and other applicable federal, State and local regulations. Thus, adoption and

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Packet Pg. 2273 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-34 Hydrology and Water Quality implementation of the General Plan Update will not conflict or obstruct a sustainable groundwater management plan and impacts would be less than significant.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions:

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
Action RM-1f: During the development review process, ensure proper geotechnical and soil management techniques are implemented. To enforce this, the City Engineer or Director may request the completion of a survey of soil and geologic conditions by a State licensed Engineering Geologist and Civil Engineer, where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the survey.

Goal RM-2: Water Resources. A community that protects and conserves limited water resources.

Policy RM-2.1: Regional Cooperation. Cooperate with federal, State, and county governments, and other agencies on the maintenance and improvement of the quality and quantity of local and regional groundwater resources.

Policy RM-2.2: Groundwater Management. Protect aquifers within the Basin and encourage groundwater recharge.

Policy RM-2.3: Conservation. Promote residential, commercial, and institutional water conservation strategies using multiple innovative strategies and contemporary best practices.

Policy RM-2.4: Natural Conditions. Encourage development that avoids impacts to watershed areas, wetlands, natural drainage channels, riparian areas, and creeks, retaining these resources in their natural condition if feasible.

Policy RM-2.5: Stormwater. Work cooperatively with local water agencies to effectively and efficiently strategy.

Policy RM-2.6: Septic Systems. Discourage the use of septic systems to reduce potential negative impacts to groundwater.

Action RM-2a: To reduce soil erosion and pollutants in urban runoff, require new development and redevelopment projects control stormwater runoff through implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. Existing development shall control stormwater runoff so as to prevent any deterioration of water quality that would impair subsequent or competing uses of the water. As specific development projects are implemented, project proponents will be required to consult with relevant agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). Also, ensure that projects of one acre or more complete a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP)

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Packet Pg. 2274 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-35 Hydrology and Water Quality pursuant to California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) Santa Ana Region Order No. 00- -2002-0011 (NPDES No. CAS
618033).

Action RM-2b: Cooperate with the Regional Water Quality Control Board to develop a plan to assist agricultural operations to reduce nitrate and sediment input to surface waters. Such a plan will enhance water quality and benefit aquatic plants and wildlife within the planning area as well as downstream.

Action RM-2d: Work with the water districts and private developers to encourage water conservation in the following ways:

Implementing aquifer and groundwater recharge programs
Participating in water conservation programs operated by the local and regional water districts
Establishing water conservation education programs
Requiring the use of drought resistant plant species in landscaping for public and private areas, including parks and recreational facilities, in accordance with the Water Efficient Landscaping requirements.

Expanding the production and use of reclaimed water
Requiring the incorporation of water conservation devices, including low flush toilets, flow restriction devices, and water conserving appliances in both new public and private development projects and rehabilitation projects.

Action RM-2e: Through the development review process, require that sufficient water supply and water infrastructure capacity is available to serve the development prior to approval of the project, pursuant to Water Code Section 10910 and Government Code Section 66473.7.

Action RM-2f: Whenever feasible, incorporate improved open space and preservation areas and quasiactive recreation facilities in areas used for ground water recharge and/or drainage detention.

Action RM-2g: During the development review process, the City shall allow new septic systems only for low de - half acre per subsurface disposal system and where sewer connection is infeasible.

Action RM-2h: Continue to encourage the conversion from existing septic systems to sewer by limiting the replacement or expansion/repair of existing septic systems as feasible.

Action RM-9a: Continue to cooperate with the water districts to ensure adequate water supply and sewage treatment facilities are provided and maintained in the community. Specifically, the City should:

During the processing of development proposals, ensure the water districts are consulted regarding the potential impact of the project on water supplies and

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Packet Pg. 2275 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-36 Hydrology and Water Quality sewage treatment facilities. When requested by the district or City Engineer, require proposed developments to include a water quality assessment as part of the application materials, and implement identified mitigation measures during construction and development.

Ensure the project applicant has paid the required fees prior to occupancy of any new development.

Require water conservation devices and xeriscape water efficient landscaping in new public and private development and redevelopment projects.

Action RM-9b: Cooperate with the water districts to update population projections, water use and sewer generation formulas, needed improvements, and programs within the Water and Sewer Master Plans at least every five years.

Action RM-9e: Cooperate with the Hemet-San Jacinto Watermaster to proactively manage groundwater resources and comply with the Stipulated Judgment and other applicable federal, State and local regulations.

PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT
Action PS-1g: During review of discretionary development and redevelopment proposals, require surveys of soil and geologic conditions by State licensed Engineering Geologists and Civil Engineers where appropriate. When potential geologic impacts are identified, require project applicants to mitigate the impacts per the recommendations contained within the geologic survey.

Policy PS-3.7: Stormwater Runoff. Encourage new developments that add impervious surfaces to integrate low impact development best management practices to reduce stormwater runoff.

Action PS-3b: Review projects for project-related flood control and stormwater management impacts Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.10.6 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
Impact Analysis: Cumulative hydrology and water quality impacts associated with implementation of the General Plan Update are analyzed based on development within the Study Area and San Jacinto River Watershed, and development served by facilities under the jurisdiction of RCFCWCD. The General Plan Update does not propose site-specific development and would not significantly impact drainage courses and hydrologic flows throughout the City.

Construction of the individual development projects allowed under the land use designations of the proposed General Plan Update has the potential to result in construction-related water quality impacts and operational-related impacts to groundwater recharge, and cause flooding, erosion, or siltation from

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Packet Pg. 2276 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-37 Hydrology and Water Quality the alteration of drainage patterns. Individual projects would be evaluated on a project-by-project basis to ensure compliance with the General Plan Update policies and actions, as well as federal, State, and local regulations to reduce hydrology and water quality impacts.

Subsequent development projects under the General Plan Update would result in new impervious surfaces and could reduce rainwater infiltration and groundwater recharge; however, the General Plan Update would not appreciably add to the volume of imperious surfaces in the Study Area. As individual projects are constructed, the General Plan Update policies and actions, as well as federal, State, and local regulations, would substantially reduce potential cumulative impacts. Considering the protection granted by local, State, and federal agencies and their permit and monitoring requirements, as discussed above, and with implementation of the policies and actions included within the General Plan Update, the overall cumulative impact would not be significant. As a result, the General Plan Update's incremental contribution to cumulative hydrology impacts would be less than cumulatively considerable.

Proposed General Plan Update Goals, Policies, and Actions: Refer to the General Plan goals, policies, and actions cited above.

Mitigation Measures: No mitigation is required.

Level of Significance: Less Than Significant Impact.

5.10.7 SIGNIFICANT UNAVOIDABLE IMPACTS
Hydrology and water quality impacts associated with the implementation of the General Plan Update would be less than significant. No significant unavoidable hydrology and water quality impacts would occur as a result of the General Plan Update.

5.10.8 REFERENCES
California Department of Water Resources Division of Safety of Dams, Dams Within Jurisdiction of the State of California Listed Alphabetically by County, September 2021.

California Department of Water Resources, Adjudicated Areas, https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-GroundwaterManagement/Adjudicated-Areas, accessed May 4, 2022.

Department of Water Resources, Update 2003, October 2003.

Dudek, Groundwater Sustainability Management Plan for the San Jacinto Groundwater Basin, September 2021
Eastern Municipal Water District, Hemet/San Jacinto Groundwater Management Area: 2018 Annual Report, April 2019.

Eastern Municipal Water District, Sustainable Groundwater Management Act, https://www.emwd.org/post/sustainable-groundwater-management-act, accessed May 4, 2022.

Lake Hemet Municipal Water District, 2015 Urban Water Management Plan, June 2016.

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Packet Pg. 2277 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040) Envision San Jacinto General Plan 2040

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Review Draft | July 2022 5.10-38 Hydrology and Water Quality Langridge, R., Brown, A., Rudestam, K., & Conrad, E., 2016, Groundwater Basins, UC Santa Cruz, https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71n7v525, accessed May 4, 2022.

National Wild and Scenic Rivers System, Explore Designated Rivers, https://www.rivers.gov/river-app/, accessed September 22, 2021.

Riverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District (RCFCWCD), Master Drainage Plan for the San Jacinto Valley Zone 4, October 2015.

Riverside County Watershed Protection, Riverside County Drainage Area Management Plan Santa Ana Region, June 2017.

Santa Ana Watershed Project Authority, Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake TMDL Task Force: Geographic Setting, https://sawpa.org/task-forces/lake-elsinore-and-canyon-lake-tmdl-taskforce/#geographic-setting, accessed September 21, 2021.

San Jacinto River Watershed Council, The San Jacinto Watershed Component of the Santa Ana Integrated Watershed Plan, May 2005.

Stetson Engineers, Inc., City of San Jacinto Final Water System Master Plan Update, March 2018.

Stetson Engineers, Inc., City of San Jacinto 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, May 2021.

Water Systems Consulting, Inc., Eastern Municipal Water District 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, July 2021.

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Packet Pg. 2278 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040)

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Packet Pg. 2279 Attachment: Draft Environmental Impact Report (Envision San Jacinto - General Plan 2040)